step
int64 | grad_acc_step
int64 | seq_idx
int64 | text
string |
|---|---|---|---|
3 | 1 | 0 |
عمرانی را تامین کنند، ادامه داد: یک کشتی نفت، دو هزار میلیارد تومان ارزش دارد و میتوانیم با این شیوه تحولی در تامین اعتبار طرح های عمرانی ایجاد کنیم.
نماینده عالی دولت در استان فارس با بیان اینکه مقام معظم رهبری در سفر به استان فارس فرمودند حوزه گردشگری میتواند فارس را خودکفا کند، اظهارداشت: ظرفیت های بالای فارس در زمینه های مختلف گردشگری مانند گردشگری سلامت، گردشگری طبیعی، گردشگری فرهنگی و ... نیازمند حمایت هایی از اعتبارات دولتی است که بهعنوان اهرم از این اعتبارات استفاده کنند و زمینه جهش استان فراهم شود.
وی تصریح کرد: چهار هزار میلیارد تومان ارزش ۶۰۰ پیوند کبد در شیراز است که ظرفیت بسیار بالای حوزه سلامت این استان را نشان میدهد.
استاندار فارس با اشاره به تبصره ۱۸ و تسهیلات بانکی در استان فارس، گفت: میزان تسهیلات به سپرده بانک های خصوصی در این استان به صورت متوسط ۲۵ درصد است و ۷۵ درصد سپرده ها در خارج از استان مصرف می شود که اصلاح این شرایط نیاز به قانون گذاری مجلس دارد.
ایمانیه با اشاره به اینکه این استان در ۹ سال گذشته دچار خشکسالی بوده است، افزود: برای رفع این معضل تدابیری اندشیده شده است که با حمایت دولت و مجلس باید اجرایی شود.
وی با بیان اینکه یکی از راه های مقابله با خشکسالی، انتقال آب از خلیج فارس است که نیازمند مجوز و کمک های نرم افزاری دولت است، گفت: احداث فاضلاب های شهری و استفاده از پساب فاضلاب از دیگر روش های تامین آب مورد نیاز استان است که صدور مجوزهای لازم توسط دولت می تواند در این زمینه راهگشا باشد؛ همچنین مجلس شورای اسلامی میتواند در زمینه اصلاح الگوی کشت با افزایش میزان تسهیلات گلخانه ها، قدم موثری در این زمینه بردارد.
نماینده عالی دولت در استان فارس ادامه داد: دفاتر شرکت های این استان باید در داخل استان مستقر باشند و مالیات فعالیت های خود را در استان بپردازند که صرف عمران استان شود.
وی احداث شهرک دارویی در شهرستان بیضا را اقدامی بسیار مفید و موثر برای این شهرستان، استان فارس و کشور دانست و تصریح کرد: مدیر ستاد اجرایی فرمان امام (ره) هم قول اولیه برای همکاری در اجرای این طرح داده اند.
استاندار فارس تصریح کرد: به منظور تامین فضای لازم برای احداث خانه در طرح جهش تولید مسکن به دنبال احداث چند شهر جدید با جمعیت حدود ۲۵ هزار نفر هستیم.
ایمانیه با اشاره به مشکلات متعدد جاده های استان فارس، گفت: باید حداقل ۵۰ میلیارد تومان برای رفع مشکلات حاد جادهای برای هر شهرستان این استان اختصاص یابد.
نماینده عالی دولت در استان فارس با بیان اینکه دولت تصمیم دارد تا سال ۱۴۰۲ گازرسانی در کشور را به پایان برساند، افزود: تلاش میکنیم روستاهای سپیدان که در منطقه سردسیر واقع شده اند در پروژه های گازرسانی مورد توجه قرار گیرند.
وی با اشاره به مشکل تامین آب در شهرستان قیر و کارزین و شکایات مردم این شهر، گفت: در مملکتی که افتخار آن پیروی از امام حسین(ع) است نباید در آبرسانی کوتاهی شود و باید با اجرای طرحهای آبرسانی، در تمام استان و سراسر کشور باید این مسئله حل شود.
انتهای پیام/س
مطالب مرتبط
دریـچـــــــــــــــــــــه
نظرات بینندگان<|endoftext|>紐約市警日前在短短五小時內，一連逮捕了三名違法涉事警員，包括兩名制服警員和一名文職人員。兩名制服警員被捕時，一人在家中用皮帶抽打女兒，另一人則在爭吵中企圖鎖喉扼殺女友，文職警員則涉嫌盜竊；警方表示，現三人均被停薪停職。
警方表示，事發於12月1 日，當日下午3時45分左右，67歲的市警首席行政協理凱瑟琳．麥考密克(Kathleen Mccormick)在布碌崙(布魯克林)75分局轄區內的一家Target行竊，現被指控偷竊罪(petit larceny)和非法占有贓物罪(criminal possession of stolen property)。
一個小時過後，一名38歲的市警警員約瑟夫(Jose Joseph)在布朗士46分局轄區內的家中，因與女友發生爭吵，竟試圖對女友鎖喉扼頸，造成對方窒息，現已被控二級絞殺(second-degree strangulation)。
最後一起案件則發生在同日晚8時30分左右，警方表示，33的探員歲喬爾．考姆斯(Joel Crooms)在史泰登島122分局轄區的家中被捕；警方稱其涉嫌用皮帶毆打女兒，現以攻擊罪(assault)以及蓄意傷害兒童(acting in a manner injurious to a child)罪被指控。
市警表示，三名涉事雇員均已被停職停薪。<|endoftext|>Scientists discovered that what killed the dinosaurs was a combination of gradual die-off and an asteroid hitting Earth. The picture that people have of dinosaurs, their lives and their extinction is constantly changing. We now know that the scaly, reptilian creatures that appeared in “Jurassic Park” (and their cuter counterparts in “The Land Before Time”) are not an accurate picture of what dinosaurs looked like. Instead, based on analysis of fossils found in Siberia, it appears that almost all dinosaurs had feathers.
It is awe-inspiring that anything about the lives of dinosaurs can be uncovered now, 65 million years after their demise. But what scientists have struggled with for years is what caused it. Those in the “intrinsic gradualist” camp think that a combination of climate change, plate tectonics and increased volcanic activity caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. Volcanoes are known to have been very active during this period and the release of ash and dust into the air could have blocked sunlight. Additionally, the surface of the planet was changing as the tectonic plates shifted, resulting in drastic climate change. Those in the opposing camp, known as “extrinsic catastrophists,” support the Alvarez hypothesis. This hypothesis explains dinosaur extinction through one large asteroid hitting earth or many smaller asteroids hitting earth in a small window of time. The idea is that these asteroids would have caused climate changes and thrown up dust that would have had a similar effect to the volcanic ash.
Two new studies indicate that there may be truth to both theories. One, a report published in the “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,” shows statistically that dinosaur populations were probably already declining before the catastrophic event that made them extinct. The population decline, caused by the same factors theorized by the intrinsic gradualists, made them genetically less diverse. In any species, genetic diversity is crucial for surviving and adapting to environmental changes. A diverse and widespread gene pool means that some member of a species are more likely to survive a change and continue to reproduce. But if genetic diversity is lacking, it may be impossible for a species to adapt to new surroundings. Michael Benton, one of the authors on the paper, explained that because of this decline, the ability of dinosaurs to bounce back after the impact of an asteroid was lessened, and the species went extinct.
For some species of dinosaurs, however, the asteroid’s effect may have been more immediate. According to Derek Larson, a paleontologist at the Philip J. Currie Dinosaur Museum in Alberta and the University of Toronto, there were two known species that were thriving, rather than declining, before the asteroid hit. One was the ancestor of the modern bird and the other was a meat-eating dinosaur called the toothed maniraptoran. The ancestor of the bird survived the asteroid impact, the maniraptoran did not.
Larson and his colleagues believe that the key to the survival of the ancestor of the modern bird may have been dietary. The ancestral bird probably ate seeds, which would not have been impacted so directly by the asteroid. The maniraptoran ate meat,and other species of animals were declining or wiped out, so its food sources would have been more limited.
According to these two studies, the picture of what caused dinosaur extinction is more complicated than previously thought. As scientists further explore what happened 65 million years ago that killed such a dominant group, the picture will probably become more nuanced. Our picture of dinosaurs will continue to adapt and change, even if they could not.<|endoftext|>在满员公车里在线播放先来说说最直接的测量方法。不知道大家有没有听说过“菜花饭”这种东西，很多人可能会心存疑虑，蔬菜也能当“饭”吃？这真的有那么健康吗？首先，它支持开拍前的在线出价，规则与大多数限时拍卖类似；
因此要主动出击。网红拍照用的滤镜软件我有点担忧，于是和老W说：“按你这样做，L总知道了不就麻烦了吗？”不同区域之间主要通过人行坡道连接，方便进出。斜坡屋顶描绘出山脉的轮廓。当清晨太阳冉冉升起，光线穿越建筑中庭，洒落于湖面之上。
格雷格-威廉姆斯面试喷气机防守组教练另一个布尔类型的叶子节点，缺省值是true。??正在播放日本女优To understand this, we need to know that the operating system maintains layers of system calls in a “stack frame”. For example, on x86 machines, the most recent call of the stack frame is referenced by the frame pointer register. System profilers traverse the call stack of the process for profiling, and fetch details from the frame pointer register. Compilers and virtual machines (including the JVM JIT implementations) targeting x86 machines often calculate the offset from the stack pointer and hence they don't need to use the frame pointer register. They instead use the frame pointer as a general purpose register as an optimization. However, this optimization by the JVM JIT implementations break the ability of the profiling tools to traverse the stack and fetch call details.
来源：公司年报慢慢的拉长时光，慢慢的爱这时候，伟星多年经营的扁平化销售渠道的优势便体现出来了。苹果手机看黄片软件
美国喜剧中心吐槽大会【地骨皮】甘，寒。归肺、肝、肾经【七律】偶得【七律】咏梅
数据来源：广发证券网页视频下载用什么软件鸡蛋丝，是两个鸡蛋打散，倒入不粘锅中，转成薄薄的蛋饼，然后切丝即可。目前来看，平台是地方政府隐形债务。但是，必须注意到这些平台借的钱绝大部分是人民币，不管资金来源渠道是非保融资、融资租赁、债券募资、银行贷款中的哪一个。而政府掌握货币发行权，这一大杀器在政府手里。
当春光倾城，夏露温婉时，入眼处姹紫嫣红，诉尽流芳，蜂飞蝶舞，一派喧嚣。花儿尽享一季风光，在叶的托举下展示着妖娆与美丽，而叶子只是把欢欣与倾慕默默藏在叶脉里刻在灵魂中。仰望着花的骄傲，渴望着花朵颔首。本案书房设计正是还原古代书房的原型再搭配上现代艺术，互相融合，一蹴而就。书桌是老式的长条案，桌上摆放了文房四宝和中式屏风摆件，字画放于画缸中及书架上摆放典籍和藏品都是仿古代书房的感觉设计的。而立于书架中间的一组山石艺术装置则是新中式风格。日韩中文字幕在线观看高清视频这时你要结合一审判决，还有实际情况写诉状并提交给审判官，这个审判官会将你的一审资料提交给二审法院。当然有一些地区也是可以直接去上诉审法院立案的。
相关官员日前提到，大湾区发展规划纲要已经形成，有关的配套实施方案正在制定和完善。通讯组长王强吹响口哨三声，全组队员共同高喊：'总指挥下令，消防应急队伍立刻集合'。 粉葛汤有滋补身体、强身健体、抗衰老、降血压、降血糖、降血脂，常喝粉葛汤还可以增加皮肤弹性和滋润皮肤。粉葛汤里面的葛根对人的皮肤有非常好的保养作用，还可以减缓骨骼组织细胞的老化，有助于钙质的吸收，减少骨钙丢失，增加骨密度并阻止骨骼的中空消融，从而远离骨质疏松。而粉葛中的活性成分能够预防心脑血管等疾病以及有效缓解更年期综合征，又能延年益寿、增进健康，是中年女性日常保健、提高生活质量的理想选择，所以粉葛汤是非常适合秋季时候喝的。作爱飞机上搞空姐视频
周公有些不高兴地问：“为什么这么晚才来汇报呢？”伯禽说：“孩儿要变革原来的风俗，改变旧有的礼仪，所以要等服丧三年除服之后才能看到施政效果，所以有些迟了。”儒家主张人要积极入世，去履行天命，去建功立业，这是一个主张，也是一个强烈而鲜明的目标。“和也者，天下之达道也”，意思是，天下万物的“达道”，就是“和”，做到了“和”，万物就符合了道的标准，就能满足自性的需求（到达目的地、实现目标）。<|endoftext|>This workshop presented by Professor Andrew Byrne during Deaf Awareness week at Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas, featured a fascinating description about the linguistic structure, origin and history of the process of “naming” in the Deaf community. Professor Byrne stated that there are many errors made by hearing people who assign name signs to deaf children that are not linguistically accurate. He emphasized that name signs should always be given to hearing persons by a member of the Deaf community. Using the history of his own Deaf family, the families of his Deaf colleagues and the work of the Deaf linguist, Dr. Sam Supalla of the University of Arizona, in the “The Book of Names Signs: Naming in the Deaf Community,” (published by Dawn Sign Press. 1992), Professor Byrne described the two broad categories and the nine different rules that should be followed in assigning name signs.
In his workshop, Professor Byrne stressed the notion that name signs have high value and are used for identification purposes within the Deaf community. The name signs mark the person’s membership in the Deaf community for a lifetime. Name signs signal respect for Deaf heritage. Those interested in more information about name signs can read Dr. Sam Supalla’s book or contact Professor Byrne in the Dept of Deaf Studies/Deaf Education at Lamar.
- Hero of Galveston Island: The Legacy of Leroy Colombo (1905-1972) (deafinprison.wordpress.com)
- Deaf Awareness Week – Day 2: Deaf Art Exibit – From Jean F. Andrews (deafinprison.wordpress.com)
- Do Deaf people dream in ASL? (deafinprison.wordpress.com)
- More News from HEARD (deafinprison.wordpress.com)
- Black American Sign Language is distinct from its mainstream counterpart, study shows (thegrio.com)
- D for Deaf (deafinprison.wordpress.com)<|endoftext|>在很长一段时间内，一片叶子开始减少释放，而另一片叶子仍在生长。这样做的效果是减少整体改善和可能出现的动态问题。一家公司宣称解决了船用安全阀开启速度不均的问题，可以在一定程度上长期提高整体性能。
该系统的规模是由于平行轴，较大的追随者等。
船用同轴双轴安全阀凸轮叶片型线
不知道这个系统是用于任何生产引擎。
船用安全阀的工作原理是一个随动件穿过两个人旁边的叶片。有角度限制的叶尖半径随动器“见”到两片叶面的连续组合，且表面光滑。当叶片排列时间至少为（仅相当于每个叶片）时，偏差的极端程度为最大持续时间。该程序的基本限制是，只有持续时间变化等于真正的刀尖半径（或双凸轮轴角度在这个值的曲轴角度）是可能的。船用安全阀这种类型的可变凸轮的最大行程持续时间约为曲轴变化40度。<|endoftext|>Più di 200 balene spiaggiate in Tasmania, la metà potrebbe essere ancora viva
Sono circa 230 le balene spiaggiate sulla costa occidentale della Tasmania, in Australia, pochi giorni dopo che 14 capodogli sono stati trovati morti a King Island, nello stretto di Bass, tra Melbourne e la costa settentrionale della Tasmania. Il branco, che si è arenato su Ocean Beach, vicino alla cittadina di Strahan, sembra essere costituito da globicefali – chiamati anche delfino pilota o balena pilota – e si presume che almeno la metà degli esemplari sia ancora viva, secondo quanto riferito dal Dipartimento delle risorse naturali e dell’ambiente della Tasmania.
Le ragioni che hanno portato questi cetacei a spiaggiarsi contemporaneamente non sono del tutto chiare, sebbene gli esperti sospettino che le temperature più alte possano aver influito sulle correnti oceaniche, spostando le principali fonti di cibo (generalmente calamari) in aree diverse, il che avrebbe condotto i mammiferi marini verso la costa. “Quando questo accade, gli animali non sono nelle migliori condizioni fisiche, perché potrebbero risentire della fame, quindi questo può spingerli a correre più rischi e forse ad avvicinarsi alla riva alla ricerca di diverse fonti di cibo” ha affermato lo scienziato marino Olaf Meynecke della Griffith University di Brisbane. Altre possibili spiegazioni includono un errore di navigazione da parte dall’esemplare che guida il branco, ad
|
3 | 1 | 1 |
io umano: in quanto umani, siamo impastati con la mancanza, con la finitezza, con la trascendenza. Siamo sempre «oltre», c'è sempre uno spazio insaturo dentro di noi, che va conosciuto, amato e coltivato. È lo spazio del nostro «io», del nostro uscire fuori di noi e guardare le stelle e a partire dalle stelle. Così possiamo vedere cose non viste, sentire cose non udite, immaginare cose non ancora immaginate e dare loro vita nel mondo degli umani.
Guai a tradire tutto ciò nella direzione dei bisogni e della logica mortifera del godimento compulsivo!
Con l'aiuto dell'adulto poeta, si possono pertanto aprire, per i ragazzi e per i giovani, le porte all'esperienza dell'arte, della religione, del volontariato, del dono, della gratuità e della grazia. L'umana incompletezza strutturale è premessa e promessa di novità, di bellezza, di altruismo, di invenzione, di trasfigurazione.
Come è commovente quella pagina del Vangelo, in cui Gesù, incontrando colui che la tradizione da sempre indica come il giovane ricco, dopo avergli ricordato i precetti del decalogo e averlo fissato con uno sguardo di dilezione, gli comunica l'ultimo necessario passaggio per poter giungere a una vita eterna. Gli raccomanda di vendere le sue ricchezze e poi di mettersi alla sua sequela. Gli chiede di fare spazio vuoto nella sua vita e nella sua anima. Gli ricorda la mancanza. Al giovane ricco, infatti, manca la mancanza. L'avere troppi beni costituisce un ostacolo. Siamo posti quasi davanti a un paradosso: per Gesù è necessario possedere la mancanza, mentre possedere beni risulta una situazione di privazione, in cui si è incapaci, cioè, di indirizzare una vita umana alla piena destinazione di sé.
Proprio la conclusione del brano evangelico, segnato da un sostanziale fallimento dell'adulto Gesù - il giovane ricco se ne va triste, perché aveva tanti beni - ricorda che l'assunzione del compito genitoriale di mediatore del desiderio dei figli non è impresa facile: da parte dell'adulto ci vorrà capacità di resistenza, di sopportazione dell'incomprensione, di solitudine e di silenzio, capacità di reggere al possibile «odio» dei figli per il dono di e per il costante rinvio a una vita che è pure fatica, lotta, scoperta, ricerca, cammino, inveramento. Non a caso il grande poeta Goethe poteva affermare che, per diventare a propria volta adulti, è necessario ai figli «perdonare i propri genitori»: perdonarli perché il dono della vita è anche un grande impegno. È un grande desiderio da desiderare in prima persona. Fa parte dunque del nobile mestiere dell'adulto imparare pure a lasciarsi odiare e, infine, perdonare.
Cosa significa dunque educare? Parafrasando Plutarco, si può dire che educare non significa riempire, come un sacco, i figli con idee, norme comportamentali, prescrizioni morali, cibo, giocattoli e denaro. Educare è accendere delle torce: è far esplodere il fuoco della vita, quel fuoco che illumina, purifica e, soprattutto, riscalda. Di questo fuoco vi è oggi tanto bisogno.
La società che stiamo diventando è sempre più fredda, sempre più amaramente segnata da singolarità assolute che danno vita a una sorta di folla di solitudini. Perdiamo il calore del tratto comunitario della vita sociale: accanto all'imperante individualismo, generato dall'umano longevo, non vanno sottovalutate poi, come forze disgregatrici della tenuta comunitaria della società, né la potenza asfaltatrice della macchina burocratica, né le aspirazioni per nulla alte del mercato, a tutto interessati tranne che a salvaguardare il tratto umano della convivenza sociale.
Per questo ci servono adulti ponte, allenatori e poeti: solo loro possono invertire e risanare, da una parte, le attuali dinamiche familiari soggette alla legge dell'identità quasi incestuosa e, dall'altra, gli inceppamenti di una società, sfilacciata dalla pressione di alterità assolute; solo loro possono finalmente dar vita a una qualche mediazione tra le attuali bollenti famiglie e i brividi paralizzanti del corpo sociale; solo loro possono sul serio far valere le giuste prerogative dei giovani e accendere quel fuoco che ci manca.
Ma perché sorga un senso compiuto dell'adultità non è possibile altra strada che quella di riaprire il discorso del senso della vecchiaia, che senz'altro è pure preludio all'evento della morte. Senza uno spazio possibile per immaginare il proprio invecchiamento con un minimo di serenità, non è proprio possibile dare vita a qualcosa che sia un esercizio veramente fecondo del gesto adulto dell'educare. Del resto, se gli adulti si pensano destinati a esserci sempre, come possono effettivamente lavorare per una piena autonomia e responsabilità dei loro figli? Giocoforza questi adulti avranno costantemente attiva la riserva mentale per cui potranno sempre entrare in scena e in azione, di fronte a eventuali errori o passi sbagliati dei loro giovani.
Un altro discorso o meglio un discorso altro sulla vecchiaia e sull'invecchiamento, rispetto a quello sinora impostosi a causa dell'allungamento della vita, appare perciò più che necessario.
(Armando Matteo, Tutti muoiono troppo giovanile. Come la longevità sta cambiando la nostra vita e la nostra fede, Rubbettino 2016, pp. 54-62)<|endoftext|>Bu bölümde 4. Sınıf Türkçe Koza Yayınları kitabındaki 4.Tema Değerlendirme Çalışmalarının cevapları yer almaktadır.1 – 3. soruları metne göre cevaplayınız.1. Şiirde ülkemizin hangi özelliğinden söz [Devamı]
Siyer Çocuk Dergisi’nden güzel bir yazıyı seslendirdiğim bu videoyu tüm anne-babalara ve eğitimcilere tavsiye ediyorum.
Bu bölümde Halay metninin cevapları yer almaktadır.Halay Metninin şarkısını aşağıdan dinleyebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki kelimelerin anlamlarını şarkıda geçtiği dizeden hareketle tahmin ediniz. Tahminlerinizin doğruluğunu sözlükten kontrol ettikten [Devamı]
Bu bölümde Ata Yayıncılık 4. Sınıf Matematik kitabının 194. sayfasındaki alıştırmaların cevapları yer almaktadır. 1. Yukarıdaki üçgen, dikdörtgen ve karenin önce köşelerini, sonra kenarlarını isimlendiriniz.CEVAPLAR: [Devamı]<|endoftext|>We are very fortunate in Dorney to have residents who are deeply interested in, and knowledgeable about, the natural history of our beautiful parish. In addition, due to the creation of Dorney Lake and the Jubilee River, a number of institutions have carefully studied, and reported on, the archaeology and history of our area in recent years.
The first publication on this subject – The Natural History of Dorney Parish - was written by Peter Tyler, a long-time resident, in 2000. He has recently (2018) written an update to this publication which addresses the many changes occurring in the past eighteen years together with some of the challenges to come.
Peter has kindly permitted the Dorney History Group to publish both of these papers online (below) so that they are available to many more people in perpetuity.
The institutions that have contributed to the archaeological knowledge of our area from the Stone Age (approx. 8000 BC) to today are Eton College, the Environment Agency and Historic England. Their interest stemmed from the archaeological studies they supported prior to the creation of the Jubilee River and Dorney Lake. Two books – “Gathering the people, settling the land” and “Opening the wood, making the land” – bring together a wealth of information about those who lived in and around Dorney over the past 10,000 years!
These books are available on Amazon and the links to them are below.
The selection of Dorney Lake for the 2012 Olympic Rowing and Canoe Sprint events and Paralympic Rowing events resulted in the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) preparing an Ecological Survey Report in October 2010 regarding the potential ecological impact of these events on the locality. This was required to support the associated planning applications. This Report provides a comprehensive ecological assessment of the geography around Dorney Lake. The full report has been sourced by the Dorney History Group and is available to all.
For bird-watchers, Dorney Lake and the Jubilee River have created new, interesting habitats. In the past ten years Dorney Lake has become the largest water body in South Bucks (excluding the River Thames) and consequently is attractive to wildfowl and waterside birds. The surrounding area is also attractive to a variety of birds and of particular note is an area within the Lake specifically designated as a conservation area. The Bucks Bird Club maintains a regular record of birds identified at Dorney Lake. The East Berks Local Group of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds has also taken Dorney Lake under their wing and conducts annual walks to Dorney Wetlands. They have published a report and/or a photo gallery after each walk since 2009, and we thank them for these.
Books available on Amazon - click on link.
(Summaries below in PDF format)<|endoftext|>Euler and Gravity
Department or Administrative Unit
In this book chapter, the author explains Euler's mathematical contributions to the theory of gravity.
Klyve, D. (2014). Euler and gravity. In E. Sandifer (Ed.), How Euler did even more (199-206). Washington D.C.: Mathematical Association of America.
Copyright © 2014 The Mathematical Association of America<|endoftext|>In today’s increasingly connected, competitive and rapidly changing business environments, the individuals working within an enterprise need to be able to quickly access all relevant expertise and information, wherever it may reside, and trust it enough to act upon it. None of that can be done if organizations don’t become more open and transparent.
What transparency is about is hard to capture in just one sentence. It is about sharing all the information the receiver wants or needs, and not just the information that the sender is willing to share. It is about putting all facts on the table, even when some of them are uncomfortable. It is about being honest and open about what actions are taken, by whom and on what grounds. It is about enabling people to have conversations where questions can be asked and answered in open and honest ways, creating mutual understanding. It is about removing any barriers that hinder people from accessing the information they could need to be better at their jobs. It is about making people and their skills, knowledge and ideas visible and accessible to all their colleagues.
Typical symptoms of lack of transparency are sub-optimization, duplicate work, bad decision-making and inability to innovate. These things don’t just impact the bottom line results negatively -- they also hamper an organization’s ability to compete and survive in the long haul. Here are three ways to avoid such a scenario from happening.
1. Make Information Actionable
The ability to act on information is what often separates successful companies from those less successful. Yet, many people don’t because they distrust information, often because they cannot confirm its accuracy, freshness or completeness. A study by AIIM in 2009 concluded that "52% of organizations have 'little or no confidence' that their electronic information is 'accurate, accessible, and trusthworthy'".
To trust information, people need to know who provided a piece of information and when. Information systems need to provide transparency by making it possible to trace a piece of information back to its author. By doing so, they also provide an opportunity for the user to contact the author directly to confirm the quality of the information, but also to ask for any additional information that is needed to act upon it. The information becomes more trustworthy and thus also actionable.
2. Avoid Unnecessary Risk Taking
We don’t expect openness and collaboration to generate what they do. We overestimate the risks. We underestimate the risks of closed systems and overestimate closed systems’ benefits."
James Boyle , chairman of Creative Commons<|endoftext|>根据发表在《科学报告》期刊的研究，海豚的一种致命皮肤病与气候危机有关。图为澳洲瓶鼻海豚。图片来源：Michael J Fromholtz／维基百科（CC BY-SA 3.0）
（神秘的地球uux.cn报道）据环境资讯中心（姜唯 编译；林大利 审校）：英国《独立报》（The Independent）报导，根据本月发表在《科学报告》（Scientific Reports）期刊的研究，海豚的一种致命皮肤病与气候危机有关，具体来说是和暴风雨变得更加频繁、强度增加，导致沿海水域盐度下降有关。
2020年飓风数量破纪录 而疾病爆发处 常见海水咸度急剧下降
这项研究是全球最大海洋哺乳动物医院──加州索萨里托市海洋哺乳动物中心和澳洲研究人员合作进行。
15年前科学家首次在瓶鼻海豚（Common Bottleneck Dolphin，学名：Tursiops truncatus）身上观察到「淡水皮肤病」，后来陆续在世界各地海洋哺乳动物身上发现。今日是学界第一次将这种疾病归因于气候变迁。
海洋哺乳动物中心首席病理学家杜威南（Pádraig Duignan）博士说：「自卡崔娜飓风以来，不断有海豚死于这种皮肤病，现在终于能确定问题所在。」
「今年墨西哥湾的飓风季节特别严重，加上气候变迁让全球风暴系统愈来愈强，我们认为肯定会有更多海豚因此死亡。」
2020年大西洋强度大到可以命名的飓风数量破纪录。科学家们说，气候危机加剧了飓风的强度，因为热带气旋以温暖潮湿的空气为燃料，而且随着海洋变暖，燃料愈来愈多。
近年来，在美国路易斯安那州、密西西比州、阿拉巴马州、佛罗里达州和德克萨斯州附近海域的海豚都发现了这种疾病的大爆发。而疾病爆发的地方，常见海水咸度急剧下降。沿海海豚可以应付其海洋栖息地盐度季节性变化，但它们毕竟并非生活在淡水中。
研究指出，严重的飓风和气旋带来不寻常的降雨，使沿海水域变得更淡，尤其是在干旱过后。
科学家：淡水皮肤病已影响到濒绝澳洲瓶鼻海豚
在卡崔娜和哈维等级的飓风袭击了沿海地区后，海水变淡的状况可能持续数月。在2005年卡崔娜飓风后，科学家首次在纽奥尔良附近约40只瓶鼻海豚身上发现淡水皮肤病。
随着气候危机的加剧，海豚的生存前景堪忧。在澳洲，研究人员指出，疾病已经影响到濒临灭绝的澳洲瓶鼻海豚（Burrunan dolphin，学名：Tursiops australis）。
但是杜威南博士说，这个线索将使科学家和保育专家找出更好的方法来保护沿海海豚族群。世界自然保育联盟的濒危物种红皮书本月发表调查结果，称所有四种已知的淡水海豚物种都面临灭绝的威胁，部分原因是气候危机。
世界自然保育联盟成员克雷格．希尔顿–泰勒（Craig Hilton-Taylor）说，人类活动的影响促使许多物种濒临灭绝。泰勒向媒体表示：「所有（物种濒临灭绝）都跟人类活动脱不了关系，无论是直接狩猎、捕鱼还是采集，或是引入外来物种、将栖息地转为农业、城市化、气候变迁……人类足迹无处不在。」
生活在亚马逊河系统中的南美长吻海豚现在被列为「濒危物种」。人类活动使它的数量严重减少，包括渔具、在河流的筑坝以及污染。过去没有足够的资讯来确定这个物种的状态。
世界自然保育联盟提到另外几种淡水哺乳类物种，包括亚马逊江豚、南亚江豚、中国的白鱀豚和长江露脊鼠海豚都是受威胁物种，其中白鱀豚也有可能已经灭绝。
参考资料：《独立报》（2020年12月29日），Fatal skin disease in dolphins linked to climate crisis
本文转载自「环境资讯中心」网站，内容由许多专家学者及民间环团，提供国内外环境教育与环保资讯；主题涵盖全球变迁、温室气体控制、环保生活、环境污染防治、生态保育、能源节约与能源效率、绿建筑等各面向。期许能替没有选票的山林、湿地、海洋、土地发声。<|endoftext|>درباره پیزوتیفن
|نوع دارو
|داروی ضد میگرن
|استفاده برای
|برای پیشگیری از میگرن و سردردهای میگرنی (در بزرگسالان و کودکان بزرگتر)
|همچنین به نام
|پیزوتیلین (در ایالات متحده)
|موجود به عنوان
|قرص
پیزوتیفن برای جلوگیری از سردردهای مزاحم مانند میگرن و سردردهای ضربان دار مکرر مصرف می شود. همچنین برای درمان سردردهای خوشه ای استفاده می شود. اینها سردردهایی هستند که پشت سر هم در زمان های خاصی از سال رخ می دهند و معمولاً بین ۶ تا ۱۲ هفته طول می کشند.
بدن شما مواد
|
3 | 1 | 2 |
revolution and the retreat from ecclesiastical authority are at the very heart of modernity, and Spinoza’s pantheistic universe and ultimate excommunication from the Jewish community of Amsterdam are widely pointed to as events signifying the changing times. But what was it that allowed Spinoza to become a celebrated western (and later, Jewish) philosopher while the conversos who came before him, like Uriel da Costa who expressed skeptical views and criticized the Jewish community (kahal), were to suffer ignoble and medieval punishment only to be tossed to the margins of history?
The answer has largely to do with the nascent cosmopolitan atmosphere in Amsterdam at the time. With the Dutch East India Company securing tea and coffee from abroad, the seat of the empire boasted a cafe culture into which Spinoza could escape. The true power of excommunication lied in the social separation it enforced – one could neither engage in business with nor talk to a Jew placed in herem. Acosta killed himself when he could not bring his worldview into line; Spinoza, a mere 50 years later, enjoyed the company of a coterie of fellow religious skeptics, Jewish and gentile alike. If the mercantilist-capitalist success of the Dutch empire at home and abroad provided the base, the superstructure was pure cosmopolitanism.
Fast forward some three hundred years. Stalin’s campaign against “rootless cosmopolitans”, mentioned by our able and knowing Dash, made worldliness in culture a political liability. Fear of infiltration and of insufficient allegiance to the Party lead to a rash of political assassinations among the cultural elites. Stalin’s ever increasing paranoia, combined with the fact that Communism was, despite its ideological origins, essentially a Russian nationalist political movement, made the “citizen of the world” a danger to the Revolution. Incidentally, the young radicals at the City College of New York who would eventually become the New York intellectuals bewailed these very purges and used Stalin’s repression as fodder in their debates with those who towed the party line. Cosmopolitanism gave birth to neoconservatism and American exceptionalism? Perhaps it’s an overly teleological narrative but the argument can be made.
My ultimate analysis is ambivalent and disjointed. Cosmpolitanism, whether in the age of the first multinational corporation or today when the multinational rules the world in this era of globalization, represents both opportunity and potential danger as NWABang has already explained. Greater global interdependence means greater cultural awareness and provides us with more options. If the 20th century saw nationalism go awry, perhaps a New World Order is very much…in order. The values that could govern such a world be, de facto, be cosmopolitan. Then again, human beings need an in-group, a sense of “we” and “us”, despite the othering this requires. – its good for our socialization to have a tradition and an inherited body of custom. Though Stalin was unequivocally wrong, there is logic to his thinking. The cosmopolitan is by definition loyal only to his or her sense of cultural attainment. He or she is often a free-thinker in the society he or she inhabits. While there is an important role for such intellectual activity, allegiance to king and country has its virtues as well, a sentiment the intelligentsia on the left would do well to remember from time to time. What do I know? I know enough to say I do not know.<|endoftext|>Hacking (English verb to hack, singular noun a hack) refers to the re-configuring or re-programming of a system to function in ways not facilitated by the owner, administrator, or designer. The term(s) have several related meanings in the technology and computer science fields, wherein a "hack" may refer to a clever or quick fix to a computer program problem, or to what may be perceived to be a clumsy or inelegant (but usually relatively quick) solution to a problem, such as a "kludge".
The terms "hack" and "hacking" are also used to refer to a modification of a program or device to give the user access to features that were otherwise unavailable, such as by circuit bending. It is from this usage that the term "hacking" is often incorrectly used to refer to more nefarious criminal uses such as identity theft, credit card fraud or other actions categorized ascomputer crime; there being a distinction between security breaking and hacking, a better term for security breaking would be "cracking
Clickhere to download the file.
HACKING A NEW PERSPECTIVE .ppt<|endoftext|>Why you should care
Because one man tried to capture voices of the Holocaust before anyone else, and we still don’t know much about him.
They are telling their stories for the first time. Often, you have to strain to hear what’s being said on the 70-year-old tapes — the wire recording crackling perilously as if it could cut out at any time. Words swim in and out like a badly tuned radio, voices echo and screech. But the urgency of the words — and the silences and sobs that come in between — are all too clear.
“Well, we got into the camp. It was terrible. The first impression of the camp … it was Birkenau.”
“Oh, it was Birkenau. Yes … where is Birkenau?”
“Birkenau is some … some kilometers from Aus– … from Auschwitz.”
“And Auschwitz is where?”
“In east Upper Silesia.”
This is a story we think we know, told by a woman named Nelly Bondy. Today, the names Auschwitz and Birkenau represent such absolute evil and despair that it seems almost blasphemous to ask these questions. But in 1946, few had heard of these places beyond those who’d survived to tell the tale.
The focus was more on building a new state and not lingering on what had just happened.
Ralph Pugh, archivist
Nelly was speaking to a man whose own name is all but lost to obscurity. David Boder, a Latvian Jew, was an unassuming academic who’d reinvented himself in the U.S. as a pioneering psychologist in the 1920s. Over the course of Boder’s career, his experiments and research turned toward the study of trauma, which brought him back to Europe in the aftermath of World War II.
Boder’s plan was to interview refugees who’d survived Nazi extermination. Because the term “Holocaust” didn’t come into common usage until the 1960s, he and his interviewees didn’t yet have language for what had happened — and Boder, fresh from his cushy university job in Chicago, had no clue of the scope awaiting him.
It took more than a year of determined fundraising before Boder headed to Europe as an archivist and scholar to record firsthand accounts. It hadn’t been easy, because in 1946 not many wanted to hear from survivors. “It was too recent of a memory, too recent of a hurt,” explains Ralph Pugh, an archivist with the Illinois Institute of Technology’s Voices of the Holocaust project, which houses digitized versions of Boder’s interviews. While the Jewish community knew, Pugh says, the “focus was more on building a new state and not lingering on what had just happened.”
But Boder was undeterred. Over the course of two months, he interviewed 130 people: young and old, male and female, of many nationalities, but all “DPs” — displaced persons — who had been held in internment and extermination camps. The interviews describe, in agonizing detail, the experiences we associate today with the Holocaust, including death marches, mass executions, gas chambers, families separated and extinguished.
Boder begins his project as an academic would, asking formal questions and checking details with an almost cringeworthy precision. But as interviewees relive the horrors, Boder’s tone lightens. He offers them cigarettes and makes little jokes. In one interview, a woman catches herself making a painful mistake — “I have two children,” when the reality was “I had.” Boder pauses to let her collect herself. When he and his interviewee struggle with a shared language, he suggests they speak in their native tongue. “I’ll keep recording,” he says.
These interviews offer a rare glimpse into a world where the concept of “Holocaust survivor” did not exist. As a result, the stories are quite different from the ones we heard growing up. People struggle to find words for what has happened. They include details that seem unimportant. But, with few exceptions, they speak clearly and urgently. It is here that Boder’s interviews go from a simple psychological study to some of the most important testimonies in human history.
Yet Boder’s work remained obscure for years. He spent the rest of his career dedicated to disseminating his interviews, writing the book I Did Not Interview the Dead and taking eight years to revisit, translate and type 70 stories. He sent copies to academic libraries, including Yale, Princeton and Harvard. But it wasn’t until the capture and televised trial of infamous Nazi Adolf Eichmann in 1961, Pugh says, that the public started talking about the Holocaust. “It took the Eichmann trial to capture the public imagination about the scope of the ‘final solution,’ ” he explains. “Ironically — and tragically — Boder died before the trial.” Pugh notes that despite all of Boder’s work, it took 1960s television to help the reality of what had happened sink in.
Incredibly, Boder’s interviews were not fully digitized, translated and transcribed until 2010. Scholars, writers, psychologists and academics now study the interviewees’ words. Together, the interviews tell a brutal story — “people’s inhumanity to people,” as Pugh puts it simply. But as voices of survivors fade, they also offer a vivid reminder of a genocide that has shaped our collective consciousness.<|endoftext|>L'Argentina era già stata sconfitta dallo scontro in tribunale con il giudice Griesa che ha stabilito che Buenos Aires deve pagare sia chi ha accettato il concambio sia i creditori che non hanno aderito allo swap. L'ordine di pagare contemporaneamente, però, non è stato rispettato e così il paese è scivolato di nuovo in default.
Continua così la sfida con l'Argentina, che non resta però a guardare. Buenos Aires, ignorando l'accusa di oltraggio alla corte formulta ieri da un giudice americano, annuncia di aver già depositato 161 milioni di dollari per pagare gli interessi su titoli di stato in mano ai creditori che dopo il default del 2001 accettarono le ristrutturazioni del debito del 2005 e 2010. Il denaro finisce nelle casse del Banco de la Nacion Fideicomiso, che a sua volta lo distribuirà ai detentori di tango-bond. L'operazione avviene dopo che il Parlamento argentino ha approvato una apposita norma per "nazionalizzare" le emissioni obbligazionarie ed evitare così il pagamento attraverso la Bank of New York Mellon.
La tensione resta dunque elevata, anche perché la sentenza di Griesa è arrivata dopo la lettera invitata da Buenos Aires al segretario di Stato americano, John Kerry. Nella missiva l'ambasciatrice argentina negli Usa, Cacilia Nahon, ha messo in guardia Washington da possibili "interferenze illegali" nella battaglia con gli hedge fund. Una condanna per oltraggio alla corte - si legge nella missiva - sarebbe "completamente assurda" e "supererebbe le competenze del tribunale americano, rappresentando un'interferenza illegale".
Una condanna in questo senso - mette in evidenza l'Argentina - creerebbe "una escalation senza precedenti nel conflitto" fra Buenos Aires e fondi speculativi. Nei giorni scorsi il presidente dell'Argentina, Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner, dall'Onu ha criticato gli hedge fund e denunciato la "complicità" del sistema giudiziario americano.<|endoftext|>Çanakkale'de köylüler sorunlarını imeceyle çözüyor 29 Ağustos 2016, Pazartesi DHA
1
Çanakkale'nin Bayramiç İlçesine bağlı Yeşilköy Köyü'nde köylüler, imece usulüyle 4 kilometrelik içme suyu şebekesi döşeyip, Karamenderes Çayı üzerine bir de köprü yaptırarak sorunlarını elbirliğiyle çözdü.
2
Bayramiç'e 20 kilometre uzaklıktaki Kazdağları'nın eteklerindeki 180 hane, 600 nüfuslu Yeşilköy Köyü'nde şebeke suyunun yetersiz gelmesi üzerine sıkıntı çeken köylüler, durumu muhtarları Suat Berkit'e iletti. Köy kahvesinde köylülerle toplantı yapan Berkit, devlete yük olmadan su sorunlarını kendilerinin imece yöntemiyle çözmeyi önerdi. Muhtar Berkit'in bu öneresine köylülerden de olumlu yanıt geldi. Kimi para, kimisi ise çimanto ve inşaat malzemesi vererek destekte bulunurken kimisi de gönüllü olarak çalışmayı kabul etti. Toplantıda ayrıca köyün dışından geçen Karamenderes Çayı'nın Kozlubük Mevkisi'ne de tarlalarına rahatça gidip, gelebilmek için bir de köprü yapma kararı aldı. Köylüler, iki hafta önce çalışmalara başlayıp, 4 kilometre uzaklıktaki Gülgen Dere Mevkii'ne kazma, kürk ve iş makineleriyle kadar kanal kazarak su borusu döşedi.<|endoftext|>Sıkışık olmanın kendinizi mutsuz hissetmenize neden olabileceği bir sır değil. Burun tıkanıklığı ve sümük dolu bir göğsün olması, günlük hayatınızı normal bir şekilde sürdürmenizi zorlaştırabilir. Bazen nefes almak bile zor olabilir.
Neyse ki, hava yollarını boşaltmanın yolları var. Reçetesiz satılan (OTC) ilaçların yanı sıra, tıkanıklığınızı hafifletmeye yardımcı olabilecek birkaç doğal ilaç da vardır.
Bu makalede, bu doğal temizlik maddelerinin bazılarına ve bunların nasıl kullanılacağına daha yakından bakacağız.
Doğal dekonjestan ilaçlar
Çoğu durumda, bu ilaçlar hem çocuklar hem de yetişkinler için kullanılabilir. Belirli bir çare çocuklar için güvenli değilse, bunu işaret edeceğiz.
Nemlendirici
Nemlendirici, havaya nem ekleyen bir cihazdır.
Soğuk, kuru hava sizi daha fazla sıkışık hissetmenize neden olabilir ve sinüslerinizin gerektiği gibi boşalmasını engelleyebilir, bir nemlendirici soluduğunuz havaya nemi pompalayarak yardımcı olabilir. Bu da, burnunuzdaki nemi artırabilir ve nefes almayı kolaylaştırabilir.
Gün boyunca ve ayrıca geceleri nemlendirici çalıştırabilirsiniz. Uyurken bir nemlendiriciyi çalıştırmak, burun pasajlarınızı açmanıza ve daha rahat uyumanıza yardımcı olabilir. Bu, daha kaliteli uyku almanıza izin verebilir.
Bir nemlendiricinin kullanılması çok az risk taşır. Birçok insan nemlendirilmiş havanın soğuk algınlığı semptomlarını iyileştirmeye yardımcı olduğunu bildirir.
Buhar
Buhar, çevresindeki havanın nemini arttırmanın doğal bir yoludur. Ayrıca burnunuzdaki mukusun daha kolay incelmesine ve boşaltılmasına yardımcı olabilir.
Göre
Daha az sıkışık hissetmek için buhar kullanmanın bir başka kolay yolu, büyük bir kaseye sıcak su dökmek ve daha sonra kaseyi başınıza bir havluyla yaslarken buharı solumaktır.
Salin burun spreyi
Bir salin burun spreyi, burun pasajlarınızdaki mukusun incelmesine yardımcı olabilir. Bu tip sprey tezgahın üzerinde mevcuttur.
Tuzlu spreyler, tanımı gereği, sadece tuz ve su içerir. Diğer burun spreyleri dekonjestan içerebilir. Dekonjestan spreylerin uzun süre kullanılmasının bir toparlanma etkisine neden olabileceğini veya tıkanıklık belirtilerini kötüleştirebileceğini not etmek önemlidir.
Bir salin burun spreyi kullanmak için aşağıdaki adımları izleyin:
- Burnunu sil Spreyi kullanmadan önce burun pasajlarını temizlemeye yardımcı olmak için.
- Dik dur – kafanı geriye eğmene gerek yok.
- Ürün talimatlarını okuyun Sprey şişesini kullanmadan önce dikkatlice sallayın.
- Burun deliklerinden birini kapat parmağınıza karşı bastırarak. Ardından, sprey şişesinin açıklığını açık olan burun deliğinin altına yerleştirin.
- Sprey şişesini sıkın yavaşça ve spreyi ağzınız kapalıyken solun.
- Birkaç kez sert kokla Spreyin burun pasajlarınızı tamamen kaldırdığından emin olmak için.
Neti saksı
Göre
Bir neti tencere, uzun bir ağzı olan küçük bir demlik gibi görünür ve tıkalı burun pasajlarını tıkamak için salin kullanır.
2015 çalışmasına göre, nazal sulama tıkanıklığı ve öksürüğü azaltmaya, mukus ve mikropları gidermeye ve nefes almayı iyileştirmeye yardımcı olabilir.
Bir neti kabını kullanmak için FDA şu adımları önermektedir:
- Tüm talimatları okuyunuz neti tenceresini kullanmadan önce güvenli bir şekilde yaptığınızdan emin olmak için. Kendi tuzlu su çözeltinizi hazırlıyorsanız steril veya damıtılmış şişelenmiş su veya kaynatılmış ve soğutulmuş musluk suyu kullanın.
- Bir lavaboya yaslan ve başınızı yana doğru eğin. Alnınızı ve çenenizi, sıvının ağzınıza akmaması için düz tutmaya çalışın.
- Emzik yerleştirin Salin dolu neti kabının üst burun deliğine girmesini sağlayın, böylece çözelti alt burun deliğinizden dışarı akar.
- Prosedürü tekrarlayın diğer burun deliğinizle başınızı ters yönde çevirerek.
FDA, bir çocuk doktoru tarafından önerilmedikçe çocuklar için nazal sulama önermez.
Sıcak kompres
Sıcak bir sıkıştırma, iltihabı azaltarak ve burun kanallarını dışarıdan açarak havasız bir burnun tıkanmasına yardımcı olabilir.
Sıcak bir sıkıştırma yapmak için, bir yıkama bezi veya küçük bir havluyu ılık, ılık suya batırın. Fazla suyu beze sıkın, sonra katlayın ve üst burnunuza yerleştirin ve alnınızı indirin.
Sıcaklık, burun delikleriniz ve
|
3 | 1 | 3 |
تکمیل بررسی ها، نتایج آن در اختیار عموم قرار می گیرد. زارعی در مورد فهرست کالاهای فنی که دولت از خرید نمونه وارداتی آن منع می شود هم تصریح می کند: این فهرست کالاهای فنی و تجهیزات را شامل می شود که اقلامی مانند تیرآهن، میلگرد و بسیاری از محصولات دیگر را در بر می گیرد.
روش های حمایتی جدید
دولت به صنعتگران وام بدون بهره و کمک بلاعوض اعطا می کند. با آغاز شمارش معکوس برای اجرای طرح هدفمند سازی یارانه ها کارگروه طرح تحول اقتصادی بسته سیاستی – حمایتی صنعت را با حضور رییس جمهور تصویب کرد تا پس از هدفمند شدن یارانه ها از ضرر و زیان صنعتگران جلوگیری کند یا حداقل تاثیرات منفی آنرا به پایین ترین سطح ممکن برساند.
سخنگوی طرح تحول اقتصادی دولت با بیان اینکه روش های حمایت از تمام صنایع از سوی وزارت صنایع و معادن برررسی شده است گفت: دولت روی برخی صنایع انرژی بر متمرکز شده است. صنایعی چون سیمان، فولاد، آلومینیوم، پتروشیمی و نساجی مورد توجه قرار گرفته و روش های حمایتی جدیدی برای هر کدام از آنها پیش بینی شده است.
بسته حمایتی صنعت که از سوی وزارت صنایع و معادن تهیه و در کار گروه های تخصصی طرح تحول اقتصادی نهایی شده است اوضاع و احوال تمام صنایع را بعد از اجرای طرح هدفمند سازی یارانه ها مورد تحلیل قرار داده است.
جلوگیری از ورود قطعات بی کیفیت و مشابه تولید داخل کشور
در شورای سیاست گذاری خودرو با تشکیل "کمیته استفاده از حداکثر توان داخلی" از قطعه سازان کشور حمایت می شود.
کمیته استفاده از حداکثر توان داخلی به منظور جلوگیری از ورود قطعات بی کیفیت و قطعاتی که در کشور تولید می شود در وزارت صنایع و معادن تشکیل شده است.
دبیر انجمن قطعه سازان و عضو شورای سیاست گذاری خودرو در وازرت صنایع و معادن اظهار داشت: این کمیته با حضور مدیر کل ماشین سازی و نیرو محرکه وزارت صنایع با انجمن خودرو سازان و قطعه سازان شرکت های تامین کننده قطعه (ساپکو، مگاموتور، ایساکو) به منظور حمایت از قطعه سازان داخلی و جلوگیری از ورود قطعات که از کیفیت پایینی برخوردار هستند، تصمیمات لازم را اتخاذ کنند.
تشکیل سندیکای فراگیر صنعت پلاستیک کشور
چهارشنبه مورخ پنجم اسفندماه در شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی و به همت دفتر توسعه صنایع پایین دستی در جهت ضرورت تشکیل سندیکای فراگیر صنعت پلاستیک کشور جلسه ای با حضور سران تشکل های صنعت پلاستیک تهران و سایر شهرها (یزد، شهر ری، قم، اصفهان و ...) برگزار شد. مهندس محتشمی پور، رییس دفتر صنایع پایین دستی پتروشیمی، دلایل تشکیل چنین نهادی را در راستای ایجاد فرصت چنین برشمرد:
- تشکیل و توسعه خوشه های صنعتی و نیاز به نقش آفرینی گسترده از سوی تشکل های صنعتی
- تغییر وظایف شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی به علت خصوصی سازی واحدهای پتروشیمی و تغییر نقش آن از تصدی گری به حمایت گری و توسعه
- حمایت سازمان یافته دولت از ایجاد و توسعه واحدهای صنعتی در قالب طرح های جدیدی مانند طرح آمایش صنعت و معدن و طرح تحول صنعت
با این دیدگاه که بدون حضور تشکل های تصمیم ساز و تاثیرگذار در بخش صنعت نمی توان به اهداف بلند مدت رسید، لازم خواهد بود یک آسیب شناسی از وضعیت موجود تشکل های صنعتی داشته باشیم و موارد زیر از جمله نقاط ضعف یا تهدید است که در مسیر توسعه تشکل های بخش صنعت قرار دارد.
- نبودن اتاق فکر مشترک میان تشکل های هم خانواده در بخش صنعت
- عدم مشارکت حداکثری واحدهای صنعتی در شکل گیری و توسعه تشکل های مربوط
فقدان تشکل هایی با قلمرو فعالیت کشوری و محدود ماندن تشکل های فعلی در سطح ملی و منطقه ای
در ادامه این جلسه، مهمترین نقش ها و وظایف ماموریتی سندیکای فراگیر پلاستیک در کشور در موارد زیر برشمرده شد:
1- شناسایی زنجیرهای ارزشی و خوشه های صنعت پلاستیک
2- نظارت سازمان یافته بر حضور شرکت های ایرانی در بازارهای منطقه ای و بین المللی و جلوگیری از حضور دلال های غیر حرفه ای
3- تعیین استراتژی های صنعت پلاستیک
4- مدیریت برگزاری نمایشگاه های بزرگ داخلی و خارجی از جمله نمایشگاه ایران پلاست و ...
در ادامه موافقان و مخالفان ایجاد سندیکا به صحبت پرداخته و پیشنهاد های خود را مطرح کردند. چنانکه به نظر می رسید، اکثریت حاضرین در جلسه با ایجاد تشکلی یکپارچه در صنعت پلیمر موافقت داشتند، و تنها نگرانی برخی از اعضای تشکل های حاضر در جلسه، قدرت اجرایی این نهاد و عملکرد اجرایی آن در مقایسه با نهادهای فعلی و موجود بود.
مهندس بیات، مدیرعامل شرکت ملی صنایع پتروشیمی و معاون وزیر نفت نیز در این جلسه حضور پیدا کرد و به تقویت تشکل های غیر دولتی و تمرکزگرایی اشاره و بر سرمایه گذاری در بخش های حساس و همچنین نحوه واگذاریها و حضور تشکل ها و اعمال نقطه نظرات آنها تاکید کرد.
به طور طبیعی به این شبهه حضار در خصوص نحوه عملکرد تشکل های زیرمجموعه در صورت ایجاد سندیکا پاسخ داده شد که فعالیت نهادهای موجود همچون گذشته ادامه خواهد یافت و ایجاد سندیکا موجب حذف آنها نخواهد بود و سندیکا تنها در مواردی دخالت خواهد کرد که نهادهای موجود، همچون تعاونی و اتحادیه و انجمن و ... قدرت اجرایی کافی نداشته باشند.
در نهایت موارد زیر برای اجرایی شدن تشکیل سندیکا در دستور کار قرارگرفت:
1- ایجاد اتاق فکر
2- تعاملات جدی با متولیان اصلی مرتبط با این موضوع از جمله پتروشیمی ها، وزارت بازرگانی و ...
3- تشکیل دبیرخانه سندیکا در قطب های صنعت پلاستیک کشور
4- همسو سازی برای نزدیک شدن تفکرات
5- تشکیل خوشه های صنعت پلاستیک به عنوان یک مبنای خوب برای ایجاد سندیکا
در پایان جلسه یک بار دیگر بر نقش خصوصی این نهاد صنفی تاکید شد و مقرر گردید این جلسات به طور ماهانه تکرار شود.<|endoftext|>日本語
English
中 文
한 국
Twitter
我来自大分县。
請追蹤我
细节
棋牌游戏制作部 我来自大分。细节
我们制作和销售游戏，同时我们为其他作者提供互助。
我们希望参与的会员和作者的作品都能畅销。
开发一个有利可图的游戏需要什么？
我们分享知识并举行销售会议。
游戏市场，是每年举行三次的棋盘游戏节。
我们正在努力创造各种新游戏，并将其扩展到海外。
我们也在寻找与之形成伙伴关系的商店。
如果你愿意贡献场景。
请与我们联系。
→(电邮至
：Twitter DM
)<|endoftext|>AP Stylebook Online - The definitive guide to punctuation and pronounciation for journalists. Up to 10 people can use this at the same time.
Journalism - EBSCOhost eBooks
NWCC Library Books - Search the library catalog for books at any Learning Resource Center.
Academic Search Premier - Find articles on a variety of subjects, including literature.
CREDO Reference - Discover background information about the topic you are researching.
CQ Researcher - Comprehensive coverage of today's issues.
Issues and Controversies - Information about today's pressing issues. Includes a guide to selecting a research topic.
Newspaper Source - Newspaper articles and transcripts of news.
Opposing Viewpoints - Research the pros and cons of issues.
ProQuest Newsstand - Newspaper articles from the US and around the world.
SIRS Issues Researcher - Includes pro and con articles linked to a specific issues.
Statista - A large collection of statistics, infographics, and market study reports.
Journalism and Publishing Video Collection - Streaming videos from Films on Demand
NBC Learn Higher Ed - A collection of videos, newsreels, documents, and images, including current events.
Top 100 Works of Journalism in the US in the Twentieth Century - Check our library catalog to see if these titles are available for check out.
Commercial Appeal - Daily newspaper for Memphis and surrounding areas.
Democrat - Weekly newspaper for Senatobia and Tate County.
DeSoto Times Tribune - Locally owned newspaper for DeSoto County.
Google News - News aggregator from Google.
Oxford Eagle - Locally owned newspaper for Oxford.
Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal - News from Tupelo and Northeast Mississippi.
Ranger Rocket - Student newspaper of NWCC.
Journalism Ethics and Citation Help
Journalism Ethics Cases Online - Case studies on journalism ethics from the Indiana University School of Journalism.
Resources - From the Center for Journalism Ethics at the University of Wisconsin, explanations of ethical principles and links to other websites on ethics for journalists.
Resources for Educators - Includes links to case studies and codes of ethics that are used by news professionals.
Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL) - Writing help and citation guides for AP style, including media ethics.
Please be aware of the specific instances in which you can use these images. Links to usage guidelines are included for your convenience.
Creative Commons - Search for works that are published under the Creative Commons (CC) license. Check to make sure that each item really is published under the CC license.<|endoftext|>قرارداد ایران و چین بر بازار فولاد چه تأثیری خواهد داشت؟
قرارداد 25 ساله ایران و چین، یکی از قراردادهای اثرگذار بر اقتصاد کشور ما به نظر می رسد. اما اینکه این اثرگذاری مثبت خواهد بود یا منفی، بررسی جوانب مختلف آن را می طلبد. طهمورث جوانبخت، معاون فروش فولاد مبارکه اصفهان در این خصوص بیان کرد: در حال حاضر نمی توان در این مورد قضاوتی داشت چرا که نیازمند شفافیت کامل آن بوده و باید بندهای این تفاهم نامه تبدیل به قراردادهای اجرایی شود. شنیده های غیر رسمی، تنها منابعی هستند که می توان به آنها اتکا کرد.
جوانبخت به سرمایه گذاری چهارصد میلیار دلاری چینی ها در بخش های مختلف اقتصادی کشور اعم از حوزه انرژی، زیر ساخت ها، معدن، عمران، بنادر و ... اشاره و اظهار داشت این سرمایه گذاری در ازای نفت کشور ما می باشد. با این تفاسیر اگر وارد مرحله عملیاتی گردد تأثیرات مثبتی در رشد اقتصادی ایران خواهد داشت. اما اثرگذاری آن بر بازار فولاد نیز قابل توجه خواهد بود. زیرا اگر در بخش های مختلف زنجیره فولاد اعم از معادن و کارخانجات تولید شمش و سایر محصولات فولادی سرمایه گذاری شود، حجم تولیدات فولاد افزایش می یابد و فرصتی برای ورود تکنولوژی های جدید به کشور نیز فراهم می گردد. بهبود کیفیت و تولید محصولات با تنوع بالا هم تا حدودی صورت می گیرد.
این قرارداد در سایر حوزه های صنعتی نیز می تواند اثرگذار باشد و این امر به افزایش تقاضا برای فولاد کمک می کند در نتیجه به عنوان یک امتیاز برای تولید کنندگان به شمار می رود. البته در این بین نگرانی هایی به خاطر افزایش واردات محصولات چینی به کشور نیز وجود دارد که خود می تواند زنگ خطری برای فولاد باشد.<|endoftext|>Roma, 28 apr. (Adnkronos) - Affiora la parte superiore della fiancata destra di una imbarcazione lignea della prima eta' imperiale negli scavi di Ostia Antica durante il rifacimento del nuovo ponte della Scafa che collega Ostia con Fiumicino. "La scoperta e' avvenuta durante i lavori di archeologia preventiva, utile per le opere pubbliche, che ci consente di far convivere le esigenze di valorizzazione e tutela dei reperti con le necessita' dei cittadini". E' quanto afferma Paola Germoni, direttore scientifico dei lavori.
"Plausibilmente -aggiunge Germoni- il suo rinvenimento ci indica l'antica linea di costa in epoca romana arretrata di quattro chilometri rispetto all'attuale". "La scoperta e' una novita' -spiega Anna Maria Moretti, sovrintendente archeologico di Roma e Ostia Antica- in quanto non e' mai capitato prima d'ora che a questa profondita', di 4 metri dal piano di campagna, di ritrovare una imbarcazione ma solo una stratificazione".
Per ora sono affiorati 11 metri di fiancata, non si vedono ancora la prua ne' la poppa, sono stati ritrovati resti di cordame. "Il restauro e' molto delicato -aggiunge la sovrintendente- la barca e' costantemente ricoperta d'acqua per non lasciare che il legno si secchi. Va trattata con metodologie sofisticate".
i più letti<|endoftext|>Louis Tomlinson ile bir röportaj hakkında ses çıkardı BBC Kahvaltı eski One Direction üyesinin çok ileri gittiğini düşündüğü. Tomlinson'a 2016 yılında kanserden vefat eden annesi Johannah ve Mart 2019'da aşırı dozda uyuşturucudan ölen kız kardeşi Felicite ile ilgili sorular soruldu. Görüşmeden sonra Tomlinson, bu konuya asla geri dönmeyeceğini duyurdu. tekrar göster, ancak ana bilgisayarlardan biri geri itti.
Tomlinson 3 Şubat sabahı talk show'a çıktı ve daha sonra tweet attı , 'Defo bir daha orada olmayacak Haha! Her zaman arkamı kolladıkları için tüm hayranlarıma sevgiler. ' Garip röportaj sırasında sunucu Dan Walker ve Louise Minchin, Tomlinson için açıkça hassas bir konu olan şarkıcının annesi ve kız kardeşinin ölümlerini gündeme getirdi. Sorudan kaçınmaya çalıştı, bunun yerine 'İlk albümümü yeni çıkardım, bunun için buradayız' diye cevapladı.
Görüşme bu noktadan sonra devam etti Tomlinson'a sorulana kadar Eski One Direction üyesi Zayn Malik ile aralarındaki ayrılık ve 'Two Of Us' şarkıcısının grubun yeniden bir araya gelmesini hayal edip etmediği hakkında. 'Hepsini işaretledin - travma, Zayn ve sonunda bu sefer başladık,' dedi Tomlinson daha ciddi bir şekilde cevap vermeden önce, 'Bu kaçınılmaz. Ne zaman olduğunu bilmiyorum. Tekrar bir araya gelmemek aptallık olur. '
Louis Tomlinson kederine saygı duyulmasını istiyor
Tomlinson, gelecekte programa geri dönmeyeceğini tweetledikten sonra, Walker tweet'ine cevap verdi Röportaj sırasında şarkıcıyı neyin üzdüğünü sordu. Tomlinson yanıtladı , 'Bana kederimi sormaya devam ettiğiniz için üzüldüm. Bana bu kadar yakın olan iki insanı kaybetmenin ne kadar zor olduğunu söylememize gerek yok. En azından sorduğum şey, röportajlarda bu kadar acı verici bir şey hakkında sorulmak istememe kararıma saygı duymanız. '
İçinde takip tweet'i Tomlinson, programı 'dedikodu amacıyla' kederini gündeme getirmekle suçladı, ancak Walker bunu reddetti. Gazeteci yine ısrar ederek, “Yeni albümünüzdeki şarkıyı annenizle ilgili soruyorduk. Acı verici olduğunu biliyoruz, bu yüzden üzerinde durmadık. Seni üzmek ya da bu konuda 'dedikodu' olmak gibi bir niyetim yok. #BBCB breakfast'ta bizim tarzımız bu değil. '
Sonunda Tomlinson konuyu daha fazla ele almamayı seçti. Walker ile yukarıdaki görüşmelerden sonra, Tomlinson tweetledi , 'Her neyse, şimdi olumsuzluk [açıklayıcı]. Yaklaşık 33,5 milyon Twitter takipçisine, 'küçük bir hafta oldu' dedi. Sanatçı, Walls adlı ilk solo albümünün çıkışını kutluyor.<|endoftext|>（1）斗式提升机底座的底板与链条互相碰撞，需求调零件座的弹性组件，使链条张紧。
（2）传动轴，从动轴键松动，链轮位移，链斗与壳体碰撞，链轮地位需求实时调理，使键紧张。
（3）导板与链斗碰撞，实时修剪导板的地位。
（4）将材料夹在导板和链斗之间，以减小底座的材料输入角度。
（5）斗式提升机轴承毛病，无法正常运转。轴承应实时更换。
（6）材料块或其他异物粘在机器外壳内，实时中止除掉异物。
（7）链轮（传动安装，从动链轮）的齿廓不正确，链轮齿形或链轮实时变化。
（8）如果驱动链轮和链条支架有缺陷，应实时修正齿轮链轮齿形。
（9）传动链空转，需求调整链条的长度。
（10）铲斗提升链壳体安装不正确，需求调整箱体全长的垂直度。
斗式提升机使用管理规定：
1.斗式提升机由于联轴器和传动链等运动部件没有配备保护罩，当人员靠近时，它们会遭到旋转部件的伤害。
2.斗式提升机刮板链条由不均匀的滑槽接口或木块粘住，使下链条卡住，上链条在鼻子和尾部开槽。当拉力忽然加大时，会惹起鼻子或尾巴。忽然捡起，受伤或碾压附近的工人。
3.当长材料经过传送带运输时，人被挤压在长材料和支架之间并因操作不当而受伤。
4.工人非法骑在输送机上或在机器插槽中行走，并被忽然跳起的刮板链损坏。
5.工作人员在处理毛病时没有中止，或者虽然他们曾经停车，但没有挂起“有人工作，没有开车”的警告标志，结果因不测驾驶而受伤。<|endoftext|>The Distribution Right
This lesson provides an introduction to one of the Copyright Act's section 106 exclusive rights, the distribution right. As you will glean from the lesson, the distribution right covers the copyright owner's exclusive right to distribute copies or phonorecords of copyrighted works by means of sale, transfer of ownership, or by rental. In addition, the distribution right creates a statutory right called the right of first publication. This lesson is intended as an introduction to the distribution right; its approach is to review the statutory basis
|
3 | 2 | 0 |
调查局又给出了一些他们的线索。
根据他们对凶手的画像，这个人可能是一名中产阶级白人男子，性格内向、喜欢独来独往，甚至可能还有自闭症倾向。当fbi探员把这个推论报告交给瓦里克镇上的警察时，警察们实感无奈。他们本来指望fbi能锁定凶手，但现在fbi布的网也太大了吧。镇上白人占绝大多数，而白人男性中产阶级也不少，这么查可是大海捞针啊！因此，警方只好设立了情报专线，一旦有居民发现线索，可以立刻报告。
然而，拉大网捞大鱼的效果也不好，一时间，警方连个嫌犯都没找到。于是就问李昌钰，凶手会不会是琼安的远方亲戚，或者是镇子外边熟悉琼安的人。李昌钰听后肯定地说：“不可能，你们放心，凶手一定在镇上。”那么，李昌钰凭什么如此肯定呢？如果嫌犯真的在镇上，那么他现在究竟藏身何处呢？关注“湖北卫视大揭秘”头条号，明天继续为您解密！<|endoftext|>af'-ri-ka: The name of this tract, as a continent, does not occur in the Bible, and it was only in later days known as one of the quarters of the world, under the name of Libya--that portion opposite the coast of Greece and West of Egypt.
1. Africa as Known to the Ancients:
Naturally the most considerable part of Africa known to the Hebrews was Egypt itself, but Libya is regarded as being referred to under the names of Lehabim and Lubim (Ludim) (Ge 10:13; 2Ch 12:3)--words indicating, as often with the Semites, not the country itself, but its inhabitants. Other portions of Africa known to the Hebrews were Cush or Ethiopia, and Put, whose inhabitants they regarded as belonging to the Hamitic stock. Canaan, also Cushite and therefore Hamitic, naturally did not belong to the African continent, showing that the divisions of then known world into "quarters" (Europe, Asia, Africa) had not taken place when the Table of the Nations (Ge 10:1 ff) was drawn up--indeed, these division were not apparently thought of until many centuries later. The Casluhim and the Naphtuhim (Ge 10:13-14) were in all probability African peoples, though their position is in general regarded as uncertain. For the Hebrews, to all appearance, the southernmost point of Africa was Cush or Ethiopia, called by the Assyrians and Babylonians Kusu and Meluhha (Meroe), which included the district now known as the Sudan, or Black region. The sons of Cush, and also those of his firstborn, Sheba, were all Arabian tribes, nominally under the domain of Mizraim or Egypt, and on this account classed with the descendants of Ham.
2. The Cushites and the Negroes:
It will thus be seen that the Negro districts were practically unknown to the ancient Hebrews, though men and women of Negro race must have come within their ken. It seems doubtful, therefore, whether there be, in the Bible, any reference to that race, either collectively or individually, the word Cushite standing, not for Negro, but for Ethiopian. This term is applied to Moses' (first) wife (Nu 12:1), and it will probably be generally admitted, that the great Hebrew lawgiver is not likely to have espoused a Negro woman. The Ethiopian eunuch converted by Philip the Evangelist (Ac 8:26 ff) was an official of Meroe, and an educated man, for he could read the Old Testament in the Greek(Septuagint) version. Commerce must have revealed to the Hebrews the whereabouts of the various peoples of Africa with whom they came into contact, and they acquired a personal knowledge of Egypt when the 12 tribes were in bondage there. During this period, it may be supposed, they saw from time to time visitors from the South--people who are not mentioned in the sacred books of the Old Testament because the Hebrews, as a nation, never came into contact with them. Apart from Egypt, the history of the portion of Africa known to the Hebrews was a chequered one, as it came successively under Egypt, Phoenicia, Greek and Roman civilization. That it was not overrun, or even influenced, by the barbarous tribes of the South, is due to the fact that the Mediterranean tract is isolated from the central (and southern) portion of that continent by the Sahara.
3. Hebrew Tradition:
In the Talmud it is related that Alexander penetrated Africa on Libyan asses to find a race of women, with whom he had conversation, and from whom, as he afterward confessed, being a fool, he learned wisdom--a legend suggesting some possible tradition of the Amazons of Dahomey. But even in the Talmud it is mainly the nearer (Northeast) portion of Africa which is referred to, the Africans, who had the reputation of being flat-footed, being associated with the Canaanites.
T. G. Pinches<|endoftext|>Vultures can often be seen out on the road eating road kill or dead cattle in pastures. They are also seen flying regularly in circles looking for dead animals to eat. There are two (2) species of vultures in Florida. They are the turkey vulture and the black vulture. Black vultures tend to be more aggressive and may occasionally kill or injure calves, lambs, cows giving birth, or other incapacitated livestock.
Vultures become a nuisance when they enter a building structure to roost or nest. They also tend to congregate on roof tops and have been seen bringing with them their carrion (decaying flesh of dead animals) to eat on the roof tops! Vultures congregating in larger numbers can also cause an accumulation of droppings that can contaminate water and cause respiratory illnesses.
Furthermore, they also cause damage to screen porches and damage shingles on roofs. They tend to revisit the same dwelling and structures time and time again when there is food nearby.
Although, vultures are state and federally protected as a migratory bird and it is against the law to harm or kill them without the proper authorization and permit from the US Fish and Wildlife Services, there are options available to assist in getting the vultures to relocate to another location.
If you have a vulture or nuisance buzzard problem, we can help!
Give us a call today to schedule an appointment to have one of our trained professionals help you handle this problem right away!<|endoftext|>（大纪元讯）2019年度红点设计大奖颁奖典礼将于7月8日在德国埃森举行，届时法拉利将获得两项殊荣：Monza SP1斩获红点奖最高荣誉（Best of the Best），而弗拉维奥．曼佐尼(Flavio Manzoni)领导的设计团队也将赢得荣誉头衔。
据法拉利称，在2015年至2019年期间，法拉利一举斩获14项红点大奖，连续五款车型赢得红点奖最高荣誉。继FXX-K、488 GTB、J50和Portofino相继获奖后，今年Monza SP1因其创新性和符合现代美学的杰出设计再次折桂。在红点设计奖的歷史上，还没有其他汽车制造商取得过如此殊荣。
在颁奖典礼上，弗拉维奥．曼佐尼及其设计团队还将赢得「Radius」奖盃，并被正式授予红点奖「2019年度最佳设计团队」头衔。
对于法拉利设计团队再获殊荣，红点奖创始人兼首席执行官彼得．扎克(Peter Zec)教授如是称赞道：「法拉利比任何其他公司都更瞭解如何让豪华跑车成为人们的心仪之物。设计师们使用最先进的技术，以富有感召力的设计语言，创造出无与伦比的驾驶和品牌体验。」<|endoftext|>Questo articolo è solo un abbozzo al momento, ha bisogno del tuo aiuto per essere completato! Aiutalo scrivendo qualche informazione in più.
Il bossDentatus si trova nella regione nord di Kanos IIium. Questo boss utilizza l' elemento Terra per combattere i giocatori che vi si avvicinano a lui. Anche i suoi Servitori e Guardiani usano lo stesso elemento per combattere i nemici.<|endoftext|>"Ci sono tre punti su cui bisogna concentrarsi in questa partita. Il primo sono i punti d'incontro, il secondo è guadagnare la linea del vantaggio e, terzo, capire come si evolverà il match nel secondo tempo, soprattutto negli ultimi 20 minuti - dice Lancaster -. Credo che Manu ci darà le qualità per vincere nella battaglia sulla linea del vantaggio, e insieme a Brad forma un'ottima coppia sia in attacco sia in difesa. Dylan, invece, ha aspettato il suo momento, e ora ha la fiducia mia e della squadra per fare la differenza".
Tanti i cambi, invece, nella Francia di Philippe Saint-André, che arriva all'appuntamento dopo le sconfitte contro Italia e Galles nei primi due match.
Vincent Clerc, assente per infortunio sino a ora, Yannick Nyanga, Thomas Domingo, Christophe Samson e Antonie Claassen sono stati tutti richiamati, con solo l'ultimo a finire in panchina e non titolare.
Oltre a loro Saint-André ha cambiato totalmente la mediana, con Morgan Parra e François Trinh-Duc titolare, mentre Wesley Fofana si sposta a centro per dare spazio a Clerc.
E l'allenatore francese chiede ai suoi di ritrovare a Twickenham l'orgoglio perso per strada, uno stadio dove non hanno più vinto dopo il test match in preparazione alla Rugby World Cup 2007.
"Non ci sono scuse e non ci devono essere. E' un torneo magico, è ciò cui qualsiasi giocatore sogna di fare parte ed è perché io volevo giocare a rugby. A novembre volavamo, ma ora è veramente dura. Siamo ultimi, ma dobbiamo ritrovare il nostro spirito e il nostro gioco e non dobbiamo arrenderci".<|endoftext|>Stick some cubes together to make a cuboid. Find two of the angles
by as many different methods as you can devise.
A box of size $a$ cm by $b$ cm by $c$ cm is to be wrapped with a
square shaped piece of wrapping paper. Cutting the paper is not
allowed so what is the smallest square this sheet can be?
Now suppose we want to wrap up a cube, what is the smallest
square of wrapping paper that can be used to minimise wastage?<|endoftext|>Inventors have a large toolbox filled with different skills and talents, and sketching should be somewhere in the mix. Making quality sketches is a talent, and it’s a talent that all inventors should work on. If the rough drafts of your new product or idea don’t impress, it’s that much harder to get funding or assistance. Here’s the thing: even if you’re convinced that you’re just not genetically pre-disposed to be a good artist, you can improve.
WHY IT’S IMPORTANT
You may be thinking that your invention idea is enough to sell on its own even without sketches. It’s unlikely, and it just makes every subsequent step harder. Additionally, sketching has far more benefits beyond being a visual aid to help you tell your story. Sketching is an excellent brainstorming activity and can help you further visualize ideas you may already have. It’s cheap and effective, even when it’s not enormously detailed. Remember: sketches are not drawings. They’re simple, with minimal detail. You don’t need color or multiple pens and pencils. It’s just the basic concept laid out in visual form.
Having sketches of your work also makes it easier to communicate. Some concepts are difficult to get across verbally. Having an image as a supplement makes communication less of a chore. It also aids in collaboration, as colleagues can actively see and comment on your project. People may interpret your words differently, but a sketch is more universal. It also allows for faster iterations and changes, even if you have an existing prototype. That’s another thing to keep in mind: sketching isn’t prototyping. Prototypes take time, money, and effort. Sketches require far fewer resources.
HOW TO IMPROVE
The most common piece of advice you’ll hear for any skill is “practice, practice, practice.” And it’s true: the more you work at a skill, the more you’ll improve. Painter Bob Ross once said, “Talent is a pursued interest. In other words, anything that you’re willing to practice, you can do.” Therefore, if you want to make better sketches, make as many as you can. Sketch whenever you have a free moment. Doodle in the margins of your notebook. Scribble on a napkin at a restaurant.
That being said, there are a few more specific tips we can give you. First, be messy. You’re not creating a masterpiece. It’s okay if there are overlapping lines or eraser marks. Taking field notes may also prove useful, depending on what sort of invention you’re working on. Consider practicing making pen sketches: it’ll prove useful if you’re ever without a pencil when inspiration strikes.
One common recommendation for artistic sketchers is to try precision, i.e. inventive, sketching. Using a different skill set broadens your options and gives you more freedom and experience. The same is true in reverse. Try recreating a garden scene or a loved one’s face in your sketchbook. It may not be the most flattering likeness, but it’s still practice.
If you’re especially passionate about polishing your sketches, you might want to consider taking a class in sketching. Plenty of art and business schools offer courses in inventive or production sketching. Websites like Skillshare also host seminars on the topic. This is a great step if you want your sketches to be above and beyond in quality.
THE BOTTOM LINE
The value of a good sketch can’t be overstated. It’s invigorating, helpful, and even fun. Having a unique, useful idea will always be the most important factor, but coupled with visuals, it becomes something more. It makes the product feel real long before the prototype phase. Sketching is a skill any good inventor- any good creative type, really- should consider having.
Many people struggle to draw a stick figure, but if you can get it down on paper it will be easier to talk about. If you have the time and you have several ideas a class might be a great place to start. Not everyone can be Bob Ross, but everyone can have an idea. Find out what kind of inventor you are today by taking our inventor quiz!<|endoftext|>Vincent van Gogh è stato un pittore olandese nato nel 1853 e morto nel 1890. È uno degli artisti più famosi e influenti della storia dell’arte. Anche se oggi è molto celebrato, durante la sua vita ha venduto solo pochi quadri e ha vissuto in povertà. Van Gogh è famoso per il suo uso audace del colore e per le sue pennellate energiche. Ha dipinto paesaggi, ritratti e nature morte.
Scopri di più<|endoftext|>钻杆是尾部带有缧纹的无缝钢管，用于连接钻机地表设备和位于钻井底端钻磨设备或底孔装置。钻杆的用途是将钻探泥浆运送到钻头，并与钻头一起提高、降低或旋转底孔装置。钻杆必须能够承受巨大的内外压、扭曲、弯曲和振动。在油气的开采和提炼过程中，钻杆可以多次使用。
光管和原无缝钢管材在经过多次加工步骤后被制成钻杆。首先，通过钢管加厚工序的处理，光管外表面向内弯，钢管管壁加厚。下一步，进行螺纹加工并镀上能够增加强度的铜。然后进行非破坏性质量控制检验，随后进行钢管管体接头的焊接。而后，管体会经历焊接热处理和焊接更终处理，以消除焊接残余压力。在对成品钻杆进行渡漆和包装前要对钢管成品进行其他的一些检测，包括硬度测试，压力测试和非破坏性测试。钢级为J55、K55、N80、L-80、P-110、C-90、C-95、T-95等，可加工扣型有STC（短圆扣），LC（长圆扣），BC（偏梯扣）、VAM（偏梯扣）等扣型。<|endoftext|>根据试管促排雌二醇对照表，第8天的正常值大概在几百到1000多之间，其实试管促排期间雌二醇的值会随着药物的促排而变化，不过一般不能超过5000pg/ml，因为一个卵泡是200-300pg/ml，若是超过5000pg/ml的话，很可能出现多个卵泡发育的情况，此时很容易导致卵巢过度刺激，因此试管促排期间雌二醇在2000-3000是比较好的状态。
试管促排雌二醇正常值对照表
若女性正处于试管婴儿的促排期间，那么在促排药物的影响下，女性的雌二醇数值也会有一定的变化，而对于一些想要了解雌二醇正常值的女性来说，可以参考试管促排雌二醇正常值对照表，具体如下：
卵泡期：在卵泡期间，女性体内的雌二醇正常值范围是在94-433pmol/L左右；
黄体期：在黄体期间，女性体内的雌二醇正常值范围是在499-1580pmol/L左右；
排卵期：在排卵期间，女性体内的雌二醇正常值范围是在704-1580pmol/L左右。
一般来说，当促排期间女性体内的雌二醇数值达到15000pmol/L时取卵是最好的，达到这个数值之后就说明女性的卵泡质量和数量都发育的比较好，可以进行取卵。
试管促排雌二醇是不是越高越好
众所周知，在正常情况下女性每个月只会排出一个卵子，雌二醇的值差不多就是在94-433pmol /
L，而
|
3 | 2 | 1 |
kullanmaktır. Bu kısaltma şu anlama gelir:
- Yüz Sarkması: Yüzün bir tarafı sarkabilir veya uyuşabilir. Yüzün bir tarafının sarkıp sarkmadığını kontrol etmek için kişiden gülümsemesini isteyin.
- Kol zayıflığı: Bir kol zayıf veya uyuşmuş olabilir. Kişiden her iki kolunu da kaldırmasını isteyin. Bir kol aşağı doğru kayıyor mu?
- Konuşma güçlüğü: Konuşma geveleyerek yapılabilir veya kişi konuşamayabilir veya anlaşılması zor olabilir. Kişiden “Bugün günlerden Salı” gibi basit bir cümleyi tekrarlamasını isteyin. Cümle doğru şekilde tekrarlanmış mı?, konuşmada güçlük mü var inceleyin.
- Acil servisleri arama zamanı : Birisi bu semptomlardan herhangi birini gösterirse, semptomlar kaybolsa bile derhal en yakın hastaneye gidin.
İlginizi Çekebilir: İnme ile Karıştırılabilecek Durumlar
Felç Geçirdiğinizi Hissediyorsanız Bunları Yapabilirsiniz
Aniden kendinizi İnme -felç belirtileri yaşarken bulursanız, atmanız gereken acil adımlar şunlardır:
- Belirtileri Görmezden Gelmeyin: Belirtiler dalgalanıyor veya kayboluyor gibi görünse de ciddi bir durumun işareti olabilir.
- Yardım Çağırın: Yapabiliyorsanız derhal acil durum numaralarınızı arayın. Konuşamıyorsanız, mümkün olan her şekilde yakınınızdaki birinin dikkatini çekmeye çalışın.
- Sakin ve Hareketsiz Kalın: Panik kan basıncınızı artırabilir ve durumu daha da kötüleştirebilir. Mümkünse güvenli bir yerde oturun veya uzanın ve tıbbi yardım bekleyin.
- Zamanı Not Edin: Eğer yapabiliyorsanız belirtilerinizin ilk ortaya çıktığı zamanı not edin. Bu bilgi sağlık hizmeti sağlayıcılarının size en uygun tedaviyi belirlemesi için önemlidir.
İlginizi Çekebilir: Felç Tedavi Yöntemleri Nelerdir?
Felç Önlenir mi?
Yüksek tansiyon, yüksek kolesterol, diyabet, obezite ve sigara kullanımı gibi inme risk faktörlerinizi anlamak ve önlemek hayati önem taşır. Sağlıklı bir yaşam tarzı sürdürmek İnme – felç riskinizi önemli ölçüde azaltabilir. Ek olarak, etrafınızdakileri İnme – felç belirtileri ve ne yapılması gerektiği konusunda bilgi sahibi olmak zamandan tasarruf etmenizi ve en sonunda hayat kurtarmanızı sağlayabilir.
İnme, acil müdahalenin iyileşme ile kalıcı hasar arasındaki fark anlamına gelebileceği kritik bir tıbbi acil durumu temsil etmektedir. Belirtileri erken tanımak ve HIZLI hareket etmek, kendiniz veya belirtileri gösterdiğini gözlemlediğiniz biri için mümkün olan en iyi sonucu elde etmenize yardımcı olabilir.
Okumaya Devam Edin: İnme Risk Faktörleri Nelerdir?
Bu makale İstanbul Rehabilitasyon Akademisi Tıbbi Yayın Kurulu tarafından hazırlanmış ve onaylanmıştır.<|endoftext|>Letteraturaarticolo, nadia Terranova, Omero è stato qui.
Premio Nobel per premio la fisica, uno dei cinque premi istituiti.
Numero di vincente vincitori per premio genere modifica modifica wikitesto Genere Numero di premi Uomini 201 Donne 3 Altri progetti Estratto da " ".
Hall Stati Uniti per il loro contributo allo sviluppo della spettroscopia di precisione basata sui laser, in particolare per la tecnica gran di setaccio delle frequenze ottiche Hänsch, Theodor Wolfgang Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch Germania 2006 Mather, John Cromwell John Cromwell Mather Stati Uniti per la scoperta.Il vincitore riceve una medaglia, un diploma, e un premio monetario che è variato nel corso degli anni.Smith Stati Uniti 2010 Geim, Andre vincitori Andre Geim Regno Unito critica / Paesi Bassi per i pionieristici esperimenti riguardanti il materiale bi-dimensionale grafene Novoselov, Konstantin Konstantin Novoselov Russia / Regno Unito 2011 premio Perlmutter, Saul Saul Perlmutter Stati Uniti per la scoperta dell' accelerazione dell'espansione dell'universo attraverso.Premio Strega Ragazze e Ragazzi 2019 categoria.Il Premio viene assegnato annualmente dall'.Letteraturaarticolo, il gigante egoista di Oscar Wilde.Loescher potrà esprimere la propria preferenza.Premio premio Ernesto Illy per il caffè espresso di qualità, in omaggio allo scomparso presidente onorario di illycaffè.Letteraturaarticolo, luca Doninelli, Tre casi per l'investigatore Wickson Alieni.Kao Cina / Regno Unito per il pionieristico progresso riguardante la trasmissione di luce in fibre ottiche per la comunicazione Boyle, Willard.Leopardi raccontato ai bambini, letteraturaarticolo, katherine Rundell, Capriole sotto il temporale.Clair Kilby Stati Uniti per il suo ruolo nell'invenzione del circuito vincitori integrato e per il lavoro di base nella tecnologia dell'informazione e della comunicazione 2001 Cornell, Eric Allin vincente Eric Allin Cornell Stati Uniti per la realizzazione della condensazione vincitori di Bose-Einstein in gas diluiti di atomi.Rileggere i versi di Dante ai giorni nostri e con lausilio dei nuovi media, per riscoprire lattualità della Divina Commedia e la sua capacità immutata di parlare a tutte filosofia le generazioni. Loescher entro il Lo scorso anno la risposta delle scuole è stata superiore a ogni aspettativa e sono giunti anche contributi fuori concorso dallestero, un segno gruppi importante di attenzione allopera di Dante e di volontà di partecipazione da parte di chi studia italiano allestero.
Letteraturaarticolo, eleonora Mancini e Ritanna Armeni, Marina.Il progetto si propone di completare la sanremo lettura dellintera Divina Commedia: questanno ogni partecipante potrà prenotare uno dei canti disponibili dellOpera, non ancora realizzati nelle precedenti edizioni, leggerlo o recitarlo, e quindi caricare il filmato sul sito.Ernesto Illy ha perlustrato le aree rurali brasiliane in lungo e in largo, dimostrando ai produttori mantegna che esisteva un mantegna mercato disposto a pagare anche cifre molto più alte - per ottenere torna un prodotto monteleone di qualità superiore.I 79 titoli proposti, letteraturaarticolo, marta Breen, Donne senza paura, un graphic novel sulla storia del femminismo.Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad, wilhelm Conrad premio Röntgen, germania in riconoscimento dello straordinario servizio cover reso per la scoperta delle morte importanti radiazioni che in seguito presero il suo nome ( raggi X ) 1902.Paesi Bassi 1903, becquerel, Antoine Henri, antoine Henri Becquerel, francia in riconoscimento degli straordinari servizi che ha reso con la sua scoperta della radioattività spontanea".Il giro del mondo in bicicletta: l'impresa di Annie Kopchovsky.Curie, Pierre Pierre Curie premio Francia in riconoscimento dei servizi straordinari che essi hanno reso nella loro ricerca congiunta sui fenomeni radioattivi scoperti dal professor Henri Becquerel Curie, Marie Marie Curie Polonia / scuola Francia 1904 Rayleigh, John William Strutt John William Strutt Rayleigh Regno premio Unito per.Jump to navigation, jump to search, segue un elenco dei vincitori del.1, la premiazione annuale avviene a, stoccolma il 10 dicembre, l'anniversario della morte di Nobel. Letteraturaarticolo, guido Sgardoli, Mago, Un destino da campione.
Boyle Canada / Stati Uniti per l'invenzione di un circuito semiconduttore per la raccolta di immagini - il CCD Smith, George.
[L_RANDNUM-10-999]<|endoftext|>Il Napoli ha vinto un drammatico quarto di finale di Coppa Italia per eliminare i detentori della Lazio, una partita con due cartellini rossi, un rigore mancato, la rete centrata ben quattro volte e due gol non validati.
I vincitori di questo appuntamento andranno ad affrontare la Fiorentina o l’Inter nelle semifinali a due.
I detentori del trofeo in carica, i biancocelesti, avevano una squadra quasi in piena forma, mancando di fatto solo Luis Alberto e Danilo Cataldi, ed erano in corsa per 11 vittorie consecutive in Serie A. In una forma molto diversa è il Napoli, poiché Gennaro Gattuso ha perso quattro delle sue cinque partite di Serie A da quando è subentrato a Carlo Ancelotti. Stanislav Lobotka e Diego Demme sono entrati per la prima volta, ma Dries Mertens, Kalidou Koulibaly, Nikola Maksimovic, Allan, Faouzi Ghoulam e Kevin Malcuit sono rimasti infortunati.
C’è stata una marcia in più per i padroni di casa, dato che gli ultras sono tornati sugli spalti dopo essere stati sospesi la loro protesta contro le restrizioni.
Non avrebbe potuto essere un inizio migliore per un Napoli in difficoltà, perché in 90 secondi avevano preso il comando. Il Capitano Lorenzo Insigne fece tutto da solo, dribblando a sinistra e piazzando attraverso Thomas Strakosha nell’angolo in basso in fondo con l’interno dello stivale destro da un angolo stretto.
Tuttavia, la Lazio ha reagito subito, dato che Berisha ha respinto un tiro di Sergej Milinkovic-Savic e Elseid Hysaj ha intercettato l’intervento su Felipe Caicedo per il rimbalzo, portando a un rigore. Il dramma è continuato, con Ciro Immobile nella sua città natale che è scivolato durante la rincorsa e ha calciato il rigore in aria con l’altro piede.
Hysaj commette un altro errore evitabile, lanciandosi in un placcaggio per fermare Immobile nell’area per il suo secondo cartellino giallo, lasciando il Napoli a 10 uomini dopo soli 19 minuti. Gattuso ha dovuto adattarsi, il che significa che il debutto di Lobotka è durato solo 22 minuti.
Anche la partita di Lucas Leiva non è durata a lungo, visto che è stato duramente penalizzato per un tackle su Piotr Zielinski, per poi aggiudicarsi subito un altro cartellino giallo per aver insultato l’arbitro. Sebbene il primo giallo fosse discutibile, il VAR non può essere utilizzato su richiesta.
Si rinizia 10 contro 10. Entrambi i giocatori saranno sospesi per la prossima partita di Coppa, in quanto si tratta di un torneo separato per la Serie A.
Subito dopo il riavvio, Strakosha ha perso una palla facile ed è stato accidentalmente preso da un calcio in testa da Arkadiusz Milik mentre si lanciava per smorzare.
Immobile e il sostituto Joaquin Correa hanno messo alla prova David Ospina da lontano, ma il Napoli è stato fortunato che quando Ospina ha battuto orribilmente il tiro al volo di Immobile per vederlo entrare in rete, l’attaccante è stato messo in fuorigioco.
Correa ha tirato poco dopo, mentre la Lazio stava aumentando la pressione e bloccando i padroni di casa nella propria metà per lunghi periodi. Tuttavia, Milik ha quasi raddoppiato il vantaggio del Napoli con una spinta a sorpresa in avanti, con un colpo di testa finito sul palo.
Anche la Lazio ha fatto tremare la rete con un tiro al volo di Immobile che rimbalza sulla traversa al 84° minuto, seguito poco dopo dall’altra parte dal tiro ad effetto di Mario Rui che colpisce il palo lontano.
Al 89° minuto, la Lazio ritrova la parte posteriore della rete, con un angolo di Manuel Lazzari che ha colpito il palo e Francesco Acerbi ha girato su rimbalzo, ma tutto su fuorigioco.
Mentre la Lazio provava il tutto per tutto all’ultimo minuto, con il colpo di testa di Marco Parolo che si è trasformato in un altro corner, la loro battaglia per difendere la Coppa Italia era ormai già persa.
Napoli 1-0 Lazio
Insigne 2 (N)
Napoli: Ospina; Hysaj, Manolas, Di Lorenzo, Mario Rui; Lobotka (Luperto 22), Demme, Zielinski; Callejon (Elmas 68), Milik, Insigne (Fabian Ruiz 77)
Lazio: Strakosha; Luiz Felipe, Acerbi, Radu (Patric 70); Lazzari, Milinkovic-Savic, Leiva, Parolo, Lulic (Jony 76); Immobile, Caicedo (Correa 54)<|endoftext|>Parabens: What are they, and are they really that bad?
Parabens are a common cosmetic ingredient—and, lately, the object of much vilification. Find out what they really are and whether you should be seeking out paraben-free productsBy Anne Mullens
You may have noticed lately that “paraben free” labels have been popping up on some beauty products at the drugstore and elsewhere. Parabens are the most widely used preservatives in personal care products; they stop fungus, bacteria and other microbes from growing in your favourite creams and makeup, especially in the moist, warm environment of a bathroom.
Their names are a mouthful—methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben and isobutylparaben. You’ll find them listed on thousands of personal care products such as shampoos, mascara, foundations and body lotions. But over the past few years, a debate has been building among scientists, product safety regulators and cosmetic manufacturers about whether these ubiquitous chemicals, used for almost 70 years, may actually be harmful to our health.
Some of the questions being asked: Is the rising incidence of breast cancer linked in part to the fact that parabens, which have a weak ability to mimic estrogen, have been found in breast cancer tumours and can be isolated from other body tissues? Are declining sperm counts and increasing rates of male breast cancer and testicular cancer related to the fact that these chemicals can be absorbed into our skin, potentially disrupting our endocrine systems?
We don’t know yet. But some researchers feel there may be reason for concern. One of the most vocal is Philippa Darbre, a senior lecturer in oncology and researcher in biomolecular sciences at the University of Reading, in England. She specializes in the impact of estrogen on breast cancer. In 2004, Darbre’s team published a pivotal study that detected parabens in 18 of 20 samples of tissue from breast tumour biopsies. Her study didn’t prove parabens cause cancer, only that they were easily detected among cancerous cells. The study was criticized for not comparing paraben levels in normal tissue, but nevertheless, the results called out for more investigation.
“We’ve known for more than 25 years that estrogen exposure is linked to breast cancer development and progression; it is the reason tamoxifen [commonly prescribed to women with breast cancer] is used to disrupt estrogen receptors,” says Darbre. “So it is not such a leap to be concerned that repeated, cumulative, long-term exposure to chemicals that weakly mimic estrogen might be having an impact.”
Darbre is particularly concerned about lotions and deodorants being applied under the arms or near the breast, and hasn’t used underarm deodorant herself for 10 years, opting instead to use just soap and water. She notes that research has found that roughly 55 percent of all breast cancer tumours occur in the upper outside portion of the breast, the section closest to the underarm. The U.S. National Cancer Institute has partly dismissed the claim, maintaining that at present, there is no decisive evidence to conclude that the parabens in these products are linked to breast cancer, but that more research is needed.
Parabens: Evaluating the risks
One recent Danish study, however, raised concerns. It showed that parabens could be detected in the blood and urine of healthy young male volunteers a few hours after paraben-containing lotions were applied to their skin. The authors concluded that since the chemicals could be absorbed, metabolized and excreted, they “could potentially contribute to adverse health effects.”
But Health Canada, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and the Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR), a U.S.-based industry-sponsored panel of experts that evaluates the safety of cosmetic ingredients, have all deemed that parabens are safe at current exposure levels. The CIR examined parabens in 1984 and again in 2005, and both times concluded that parabens at the low levels found in personal care products are not a concern. In 2005, the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Products confirmed that the use of methyl- and ethyl-paraben is safe as regulated. It is gathering data on other parabens.
But researchers and organizations such as the U.S. Environmental Working Group say research must not just look at individual product exposure but must find a way to evaluate the cumulative impact of many products used over many years. EWG’s surveys show the average adult consumer uses nine personal care products a day.
For consumers like Jude Isabella, a Victoria mom and the editor of a national children’s science magazine, the debate, while inconclusive, is enough for her to limit her exposure. Since cancer runs in her family, she shops for cosmetic products labelled “paraben free,” including expensive organic deodorant from a health food store for her two teenage boys. “Why slather yourself with chemicals when we don’t yet have the answer? I’m not paranoid, but I’d rather err on the side of caution,” she says.
Darren Praznik, president of the Canadian Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (the leading trade association for personal care products in Canada), says the organization is very sensitive to consumer concerns, but that the ingredients used in products are strictly regulated and monitored by Health Canada. “We are satisfied that the regulation process is robust, science-based and protects the consumer.”
Some manufacturers have gone on the record about their long-term plans to find paraben replacements. Jamieson Laboratories, a Canadian firm that makes vitamins, supplements and skin creams, notes that while there is no firm evidence that parabens pose a health risk, it
|
3 | 2 | 2 |
direct; but look upon the mount; if it abide in its place, then shalt thou see Me. When his Lord manifested His Glory on the mount, He made it as dust, and Moses fell down in a swoon. When he recovered his senses he said, Glory be to Thee! To Thee I turn in repentance, andI am the first to believe” (A’RAF, 143).
But of what did Moses repent? He repented of asking that request as Noah had repented before him where he said, “O my Lord! I doseek refuge with Thee, lest I asked Thee for that of which I have no knowledge”. We understand from the request of Moses that Allah can never be perceived by vision but His Grasp is over all vision; we also understand that seeing Allah is not impossible because the condition was apossibility and therefore, seeing Him is possible if the mountain stayedfirm in its place which is possible if Allah willed it. In thisworld vision will perish, and what is perishable can not see the Everlasting;in the hereafter the believers are endued with an immortal body, eternalbliss and an eternal sight to be enabled to see, the Everlasting with theireverlasting vision, “Some faces that Day, will beam in brightness andbeauty. Looking towards their Lord” (QIYAMA, 22, 23).The manner and the modality of seeing Allah does not concern us, yetwe ask Him to endow us with the bliss of seeing Him on Doomsday, so we shoulddo the righteous deeds to gain this bliss.
The second example is the request of ‘Uzair as mentioned in the Qur’an, “Or take the similitude of one who passed by a hamlet, all in ruins to its roofs. He said, ‘Oh! how shall God bring it ever to life after its death?’ But God caused him to die for a hundred years, then raisedhim up again. He said, ‘How long didst thou tarry thus?’ He said, ‘Perhapsa day or part of a day.’ He said, ‘Nay, thou hast tarried thus a hundredyears; but look at thy food and thy drink; they show no signs of age; andlook at thy donkey, and that We may make of thee a sign unto the people,look further at the bones, how We bring them together and clothe them withflesh.’ When this was shown clearly to him, he said, ‘I know that God hathpower over all things’.” (BAQARA, 259).
The story here is a warning example, and ‘Uzair was an apostleand a believer who didn’t ask except when he was permitted to ask; thisquestion, which was asked by an apostle, was not answered, and neitherwould ours be if we asked.
The third example is Abraham’s request as mentioned in the Qur’an, “Behold! Abraham said, ‘My Lord! Show me how Thou givest life to the dead?’ He said: ‘Dost thou not then believe?’ He said, ‘Yea! but to satisfy my own understanding.’ He said, ‘Take four birds; tame them toturn to thee; put a portion of them on every hill, and call to them, theywill come to thee flying with speed. Then know that God is Exalted inPower, Wise.” (BAQARA, 260).
This denotes that what Allah has in His Power is inaccessible to anyone, and that this request was unattainable, yet Allah made the birds come to Abraham before he completed his call to them, and this is how the resurrection of the dead will happen; Allah says, “..then when He calls you, by a single call, from the earth, behold, ye straightway come forth” (RUM, 25).
As in the case of Bilqis with Solomon and the story of her throne, “Said one who had knowledge of the book ‘I will bring it to thee withinthe twinkling of an eye!’ Then when Solomon saw it placed firmly beforehim, he said: ‘This is by the grace of my Lord! to test me whether I amgrateful or ungrateful!’ ” (NAML, 40). A miracleis achieved here as Allah gave him the ability to use (Be! and it is!); so we get an idea about the laws of nature and how they could be made ineffective, or effective with respect to certain objects whileineffective with respect to others; for example, the food that remainedintact, the donkey that Allah took the life of then restored itback, and how ‘Uzair was not affected by death? Therefore, some laws ofnature prevailed and some laws were ordained by Allah, the Creatorof these rules, to be suspended; these are different laws of nature occurringat the same time and at the same place. We co-exist in this world with theeffects which Allah linked to the causes, but in Paradise causes willbe eliminated, leaving the effects to remain alone. Hence, we should notuse the relative pronouns (where, when, how, why) with respect to Allah.
It is Allah Who accomplishes what He wills and nothing occurs in His Kingdom except what He wills, Praise and Glory be to Him, He is Allah.
Salvation in Understanding Allah’s Attributes<|endoftext|>河南云台山旅游风景区【图】
伯先公园
伯先公园坐落在树林葱郁、景色秀美的云台山上。 1926 年，镇江人民为纪念辛亥革命先烈赵伯先，由知名人士冷御秋倡议筹建，辟云台山为赵伯先公园，由园艺专家陈养材精心设计，历时 5 年，至 1931 年 6 月落成开放。
公园门前有石狮一对，形象生动，雕工精湛。大门两侧墙上嵌有两块汉白玉金字刻石。右侧的“伯先公园”四个大字为已故国家名誉主席宋庆龄亲笔题写；左侧为“烈士事迹简介”，是孙中山秘书田恒老人在 80 高龄时所书。
进园迎面是绿篱屏障，正中有赵伯先烈士铜像：双手握望远镜，腰挎指挥刀，挺胸正视前方，英武感人，栩栩如生。
塑像后为荷花池，池中有喷泉，池周有石砌假山，峰峦壁洞，玲珑嵯峨，错落有致。
“五卅”演讲厅
位于伯先公园内，北靠云台山，西临荷花池。为重檐歇山式顶，四檐角飞出上翘，全长 28 米 ，宽 19 米 ，屋脊两端置吻兽，两山墙有雕花图案，为两层砖木结构，四面墙壁有玻璃窗，底层四面有环廊，廊柱高 3.7 米 ，廊宽 2.2 米 ，室内东端为讲台，楼上四周有楼座，整个建筑古朴庄重、幽雅大方。该厅于 1925 年 8 月奠基， 1926 年落成，墙基南北两面各有白石题刻一方，题有相同的字样：“中华民国十四年八月镇江各界纪念五卅惨案建筑此厅永志不忘。”厅内设有镇江“五卅”运动文物资料陈列馆。
1925 年 5 月 20 日 始，镇江城西仁章、新华、光新绸厂、荧昌火柴厂、人力车夫、驳船码头工人先后举行罢工，抗议上海日本纱厂杀害顾正红。 5 月 30 日 ，五卅惨案在上海发生，各地民众在中国共产党的领导下掀起了反帝爱国高潮。 6 月 2 日 开始，镇江各界罢工罢课并成立了“镇江外交后援会”，于 5 日举行了规模宏大的游行示威。 6 月下旬，镇江各界掀起了抵制日货的活动，组织清查队销毁日货，对藏有日货的奸商处以罚金数万元。经各界会商，用罚款建造“五卅”演讲厅，以纪念镇江人民的爱国壮举。
“五卅”演讲厅于 1982 年被列为省级文保单位。
赵伯先纪念馆
设立于伯先公园大门内东侧建筑中，该馆展览共分“青年壮志，以革命为己任”、“宣传鼓动民众，培植革命力量”、“运动新军，图谋发难”、“组织领导庚戍广州新军起义”、“策划指挥辛亥黄花岗之役”、“尽忠革命人民颂扬”六个部分，展示了赵伯先革命的一生。
绍宗藏书楼
绍宗藏书楼位于伯先公园后山西侧，为西式二层楼房。藏书楼原在金山，名“文宗阁”，是分藏清代《四库全书》的七阁之一，太平天国年间被毁。 30 年代初 吴寄尘 先生重建于此，并得到柳诒徵、尹石公、冷御秋、 严惠宇诸 先生大力赞助。楼门前有“绍宗国学藏书楼”题刻，现珍藏古籍、图书 8 万册。
伯先路近代建筑群主要位于伯先路西侧至京畿岭一带，多为清朝光绪年间至民国早期建造。第二次鸦片战争后，咸丰八年（ 1858 ）清政府被迫签订了《天津条约》，辟南京、镇江、九江、汉口等十处通商口岸。咸丰十一年（ 1861 ）在云台山麓镇屏山、迎江路、江边一带设租界，建英国、美国、日本领事馆，从此出现了众多西洋建筑。此后又出现了一些仿西洋建筑和中西合璧式建筑，也有中国古典民族风格建筑等。<|endoftext|>虽然你吃的是什么以及你的运动有多少对你的体重影响以及你能够达到减肥目标的影响，可能有另一个区域可以改变你缺少的地方：你的厨房！
使用这些提示重新排列厨房以使其造成体重减轻！
- 投资小家电 - 搅拌机和食品加工机是您在健康饮食计划中取得成功的关键球员。 搅拌器可用于制作冰沙，汤和酱汁，而食品加工机将让您制作蛋白质叮咬，健康，生格兰多巴酒吧，并迅速砍掉蔬菜和绿色。 一旦你掌握了这些东西，你可以获得创意制作意大利面酱，甜点，健康的果仁巧克力，甚至是你自己的饼干！
- 把它放在视线之外 - 如果有你知道的事情，你不应该吃 - 芯片，巧克力，饼干和饼干 - 将它们隐藏在橱柜里，让你越来越难以进入它们。 也许把它们放在橱柜里，你需要凳子进入，你永远不会打开，或者在所有其他储藏室的顶层架子上。 如果他们隐藏而且更难得到，你不仅会在你打开门后立即看到它们，但它需要的工作量可能会让你重新思考你是否应该试图让他们努力。 。 。
- 把水果和蔬菜放在冰箱前面 - 如果你下班回家挨饿，打开冰箱门，你可能只是抓住你所看到的第一件事。 如果你把健康的食物放在前面的水果和蔬菜，那将是你抓住的东西，你将填满新鲜，纤维蔬菜和维生素富含多汁的水果。 更好的是，当您将蔬菜从杂货店带回家时，将它们剪切并将其存放在容器中，使其在打开冰箱门的时候更易于使用。 果园水果喜欢苹果，香蕉和桃子，可以存放在桌子上，以便在门口走进门，以及热带水果，如菠萝和芒果储存在容器中准备好吃的碎片！
- 为它工作 - 谁说你不能在厨房里锻炼？ 蹲下，上半身加强甚至有氧（当你燃烧某物时！）可以在厨房里进行。 重新排列橱柜，以便您使用最多板，眼镜，混合碗和服务用品的物品 - 都在橱柜中，让您努力到达它们。 把板块放下，所以你必须蹲下来让他们出去，肉汤和西红柿的罐头很高，所以你必须伸出并抬起它们。 同样，当你填满冰箱时，将蔬菜放在更衣服（在冰箱的底部，以便您弯曲），以及冰箱门底架上最常用的调味品。 在晚餐准备期间，你可能会对你做多少蹲！
- 让自己轻松 - 我们都有一个借口，谈到饭菜，通常会导致我们把它放在它，一次又一次地拿出来。 弄清楚它是什么并找到解决方案。 如果你总是从工作中迟到而且太累了，那么尝试做慢炖锅食，或周末做膳食准备。 如果是你工作转移工作，并不总是吃晚餐，当你家里时，考虑大量的食物，然后冻结它以便在回家时与你一起工作或让你有用。 如果你每天晚上讨厌切碎蔬菜，那就一直在周末去做，然后只需准备好冰箱袋。 找到阻止你的东西，解决它并为成功设置自己！<|endoftext|>How does exercise affect heart rate?
This activity is a great way to introduce correct scientific procedures, thinking about variables to change and keep constant.
Exercise increases the rate at which energy is needed from food, increasing the need for both food and oxygen by the body. This is why when we exercise both pulse/heart rate and breathing rate increase.
Pulse rate is an indication of your heart rate as your arteries expand each time the ventricles pump blood out of the heart.
The heart speeds up to pump extra food and oxygen to the muscles, while breathing speeds up to get more oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide.
Use the stethoscopes and timers to record how many heartbeats you can hear in 30 seconds.
Exercise – this could be 30 seconds of star jumps or a mini obstacle course.
Use the timers and stethoscopes again to record how many heartbeats you can hear in 30 seconds.
Let’s think scientifically
A scientific investigation should be a fair test, think about what conditions you need to keep the same and what condition you will change. You should also repeat the testing 3 times and find the average heart rate.
Things to keep the same:
Heartbeats must be counted before and after exercising for the same amount of time.
The person whose heart rate is compared must be the same.
Things to change:
Heart rate should be measured before and after exercise.
Make a prediction
What effect do you think exercise will have on heart rate?
Why do you think this?
Clue – when you exercise your muscles need more food and oxygen from your blood, so your heart has to beat faster to transport them.
What is recovery time?
Recovery time is the time taken for heart rate to return to normal. If you have time, can you work out how long this is for you?
The pulse rate and breathing rate of a fitter person rise much less than in an unfir person during exercise, fitter people also have a shorter recovery time.
Links to Maths
Design a method of recording your results? Can you work out the average heart rate for 10 participants before and after exercise?
Calculate the difference between a person’s heart rate before and after exercise.
Links to English
Can you write a letter to a friend telling them about your findings?
Key Stage 1 Science: Animals including Humans
Describe the importance for humans of exercise, eating the right amounts of different types of food, and hygiene.
Key Stage 2 Science: Animals including Humans
Recognise the impact of diet, exercise, drugs and lifestyle on the way their bodies function<|endoftext|>سال ۱۴۰۲، سال مهار تورم و رشد تولید خواهد بود بخش خصوصی آماده همراهی در مسیر رشد و توسعه است لزوم ثبت آمار دقیق تولیدات صادراتی استان به منظور برنامهریزی مطلوبتر در این عرصه رشد ۶/ ۱۱درصدی صنعت در پاییز ۱۴۰۱ افزایش ۲۷ درصدی حداقل دستمزد کارگران در سال ۱۴۰۲ تصویب شد کورس جهانی طلا و رمزارز «اتاق نهم» منتشر شد نظام پرداخت چگونه میتواند پیشانی نوآوری باشد؟
در چهلمین جلسه دبیرخانه شورای گفتوگوی دولت و بخش خصوصی خراسان رضوی، مسائل و مشکلات توقفهای چند روزه ناوگان ترانزیتی و خودروهای سنگین در مرزهای دوغارون، لطفآباد و سرخس به عنوان یکی از موانع جدی در حوزه صادرات استان و ضرر و زیان ناشی از این وضعیت، مطرح و بررسی گردید. موضوعی که از سوی کمیسیون حملونقل و ترانزیت اتاق بازرگانی مشهد، انجمن شرکتهای حمل و نقل بینالمللی و کانون کارآفرینان استان، اتحادیه صادرکنندگان و اتحادیه کارگزاران گمرکی خراسان رضوی به دبیرخانه شورای گفتوگو منعکس شده است.
در سی و نهمین جلسه دبیرخانه شورای گفتوگوی دولت و بخش خصوصی خراسان رضوی، موانع ریلی در حملونقل به کشورهای آسیای میانه، صادرات و ترانزیت کالا و مسائلی چون فرسودگی کامیونها، خطوط ریلی و توقف ناوگان حملونقل در مرز دوغارون مطرح و بررسی شد.
ناظر گمرکات خراسان رضوی گفت: مشکلات دوغارون به علت فقدان برنامهای مشخص و نبود مدیریت واحد مرزی است؛ تا زمانی که مدیریت واحد مرزی در دوغارون نباشد، معضلات آن مرز به قوت
|
3 | 2 | 3 |
that permits to the ecosystems naturally adopt to the climate change;
- In those planed actions , it is assured no threat to food production;
- To enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
The common goal is to have a future where development will be based on less intensive carbon polution , in a sustainability criteria.Marco Alegre<|endoftext|>Australian Journal of Teacher Education
Transforming Thai Preschool Teachers' Knowledge on Inclusive Practice: A Collaborative Inquiry
Educating children with disabilities alongside their peers in mainstream preschools has increased intensely over the past few years, affecting all aspects of early childhood education. Many children who previously would have been educated in segregated special centres are now being included in inclusive preschools. This research paper discusses how Thai preschool teachers’ professional knowledge in inclusive education influence the ways they practice within preschool classrooms. Qualitative data obtained through observations and collaborative inquiry with teachers drawn from four preschool in Bangkok, Thailand showed that the lack of adequate teacher preparation for inclusive practice rendered the teachers helpless and unable to deliver curriculum that caters for the learning needs of children with disabilities. This paper contributes to the growing body of research to inform the usefulness of collaborative inquiry in helping teachers explore educational issues in systematic ways and determine solutions through reflection and dialogic inquiry.
Agbenyega, Joseph Seyram and Klibthong, Sunanta
"Transforming Thai Preschool Teachers' Knowledge on Inclusive Practice: A Collaborative Inquiry,"
Australian Journal of Teacher Education: Vol. 40
, Article 5.
Available at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss7/5
Disability and Equity in Education Commons, Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons<|endoftext|>Autoimmune hepatitis is when the immune system mistakenly attacks the liver, causing damage and swelling. Treatment involves managing the symptoms and using medication to suppress the immune system.
Although less prevalent than other forms of hepatitis, researchers are still uncertain how common autoimmune hepatitis is in the population. The
The disease may be a lifelong one. However, most people can manage the symptoms, bring the condition into remission, and slow liver damage.
Symptoms of autoimmune hepatitis can vary.
This may be due to the severity of the initial liver damage is in each case, and people may experience
Anyone with these symptoms who does not have a diagnosis should see a doctor.
Sometimes a person with autoimmune hepatitis may show little or no symptoms until scar tissue from cirrhosis causes its own complications. Other symptoms may show up, as the disorder progresses, and more liver tissue becomes damaged.
These could include:
- loss of weight
- swollen legs, ankles, and feet
- itchy skin
- fluid in the abdomen
Not all symptoms will show up in everyone with the disorder. More symptoms may show up if the person has other issues in addition to autoimmune hepatitis, such as other autoimmune conditions.
Complications may also occur if there is too much damage to the liver or if the person leaves the condition for too long without receiving treatment. Complications can be serious and include:
- cirrhosis or scar tissue on the liver
- liver failure or end-stage liver disease
- liver cancer
Complications may require extensive treatments, and a person may need a liver transplant in some cases.
What are the causes?
There is still no known direct cause for autoimmune hepatitis. The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center note that people who have a family history of autoimmune conditions, or those with other autoimmune diseases, may be more likely to get autoimmune hepatitis.
According to the
No matter what triggers the disease, the cause of the symptoms is damage to the liver. The immune system in the body gets wrong signals about normal cells, mistaking them for invading cells. It attacks these cells and damages the liver tissue, leading to symptoms over time.
If a person suspects they may have liver damage, they should see a doctor.
Doctors will ask about:
- medical history
- lifestyle habits, such as alcohol or drug use
A doctor will often request blood tests first and may also order a biopsy.
During a biopsy, a doctor will take a small piece of liver tissue and examine the cells for damage. They will then test for specific antibodies to determine the type of autoimmune hepatitis a person is exhibiting.
The goal of treatment is to suppress symptoms and control the disease, as best as possible.
The first treatment many doctors provide is corticosteroids or immune system-suppressing drugs. These medications work to lower activity of the immune system in general, which may help slow the attack on the liver.
Treatment will also include regular blood tests to be sure the body is responding well to the treatment.
It is possible for autoimmune hepatitis to fail to respond to treatment, and doctors may recommend additional drugs to control inflammation or prevent liver damage. In these cases, people may be more at risk of complications that then require their own treatments.
How can diet improve the condition?
Doctors may, however, recommend changes in diet, as part of a general treatment plan. This may be especially important if damage to the liver leads to complications, such as cirrhosis.
Doctors will warn people to avoid alcohol in most cases, as autoimmune hepatitis can damage the liver.
The condition may go into remission with the correct treatment plan. Remission occurs when symptoms disappear, and test results show normal liver function.
Doctors will often carefully reduce any medications the person is taking during remission, and it is essential to
Doctors may try several medications to achieve remission. If a person relapses, their doctor will restart or increase their medication to bring symptoms under control again and return to remission.
Autoimmune hepatitis often lasts a lifetime. People need to work closely with a doctor to monitor symptoms and control the condition. This also helps prevent any potentially serious complications. Many people find effective treatments that provide relief and help manage the condition.
Anyone who is uncertain about their treatment should talk to a doctor about the options. It is essential that people tell their doctor about all medications and supplements they use, as there may be interactions that cause unforeseen complications.
Regular checkups and adjustments in medication are crucial for successful treatment, and many people can find ways to control their symptoms and force the condition into remission.<|endoftext|>A 10min del Aeropuerto San Jose, Seguro, amplias zonas verdes, un Lago, canchas de tenis, basket, futsala en el mismo complejo, supermercado dentro del complejo, cerca de buenos lugares para comer.
Olanaklar
Kim nerede yatacak
Ev Kuralları
Uygunluk Durumu
Hiç değerlendirme yok (henüz)
Bu eve ait henüz hiç değerlendirme yok. Burada kalırsanız, değerlendirmeniz burada görünecektir.<|endoftext|>On the morning of July 18, 1936 General Francisco Franco began the fascist rebellion against the Spanish Republican liberal bourgeois regime in Madrid. This move was immediately met by armed resistance of the urban proletariat who, after defeating the fascists in half of Spain began the revolutionary process of expropriating industry, while their counterparts among the peasantry collectivized agriculture.
An analysis of the Revolution and the “Civil War,” which left over a million dead in three years, is presented here with its emphasis on workers’ councils, those organs of revolution established by the proletariat to self-manage its own affairs.
It is reprinted from Pointblank published in 1972. All footnotes are by the Fifth Estate staff.
Forty years after its first victories, the Spanish Revolution remains the most significant of the various experiments in self-management which have taken place in this century. The experience of the Spanish workers’ councils forms an important point of departure for the modern proletariat, both in terms of its accomplishments and its failures.
The widespread concealment of this aspect of history made by the proletariat only reinforces its fundamentally radical character. Suppressed by bourgeois historians and Leninists alike, and distorted into an unrecognizable myth by those anarchists who treasure it as one of their “golden moments,” the revolutionary movement in Spain continues to be a source of embarrassment for ideology.
The activities of the “uncontrollable elements” of the Spanish proletariat proved to be a scandal to all parties.
The Revolution was eliminated long before the victory of the fascists by a combined force of Stalinists, liberals and “libertarian” bureaucrats of the very anarchist movement in whose name the most radical members of the working class acted. The Spanish “Civil War” began only after the defeat of the Revolution.
The revolution in Spain represents the last stand of the traditional proletarian movement and within its history are contained all the positive aspects of this movement as well as the counter-revolutionary forces and ideologies which were to oppose it. The struggle which had developed between Leninism and the councils in Russia was to be repeated in Spain on a larger and more profound scale.
By rediscovering the councilist form in its own practice, the Spanish proletariat were the heirs of Kronstadt and the councils of Germany and Italy, with the Spanish councils the revolutionary movement which had been defeated by Social Democracy and Bolshevism reappeared. The Spanish Revolution was an international struggle, not only in the sense that its combatants came from many countries, but because its existence stood in opposition to all the ruling powers of the world.
As the Italian anarchist Berneri observed: “Today we are fighting against Burgos but tomorrow we will have to fight against Moscow in order to defend our freedom.” This war against hierarchy; moreover was to become a struggle against ideology in general.
Revolution Marked Tactical Failure
In understanding the Spanish Revolution, it is not a question of merely rendering its “unconscious tendencies conscious,” but in explaining the actions of a highly class-conscious proletariat—actions which were veiled in ideology, yet transcended it.
The appearance of the councils in 1936 was the product of 50 years of revolutionary activity, most of it under the aegis of the Spanish anarchist movement. Yet the actual revolution marked the tactical failure of the anarchists; the expropriations of July were in response to a fascist putsch and not an anarchist insurrection.
The anarchists’ faith in the powers of a general strike had largely prove to be illusory; the CNT-FAI had failed, in rising after rising, to be capable of extending the locus of revolution beyond the parochial confines of a few cities or regions. By 1936, the ideology of anarcho-syndicalism had been shown to be obsolete; the spontaneous development of workers’ councils during the course of the 1933 Aragon insurrection and the Asturian miners’ revolt represented a practical advance upon the anarcho-syndicalist program of building a revolutionary society based on unions.
The revolutionary committees of Aragon and Asturias, which had established themselves as a social and economic power in addition to their military capacities, were to reappear all over Republican Spain in July 1936 and their existence threatened the leadership of the CNT-FAI as much as the Republican government.
Before the revolution, the CNT had attempted to integrate the councils within its ideological schema; the document produced by the CNT Congress at Saragossa (June 1936) was essentially a councilist program and recognized the councils as the basic organ of revolution. While advancing a revolutionary theory of workers’ councils, however, the CNT itself was not a councilist organization—the principle of direct democracy under which the councils were to operate was not reflected in the structure of the anarchist organization.
While the lessons of the Bolshevik counter-revolution were not lost on the Spanish anarchists, their refusal of a “revolutionary” representation—a party holding power in the name of the proletariat—was purely formal. The matter of democratic organization was to become anarchism’s undoing. Although its explicit call for a social revolution—one in which the proletariat would assume management over the means of production without the mediation of the state—remains one of anarchism’s merits, the actual practical task of making such a revolution was beyond it.
From its inception, the Anarchist movement in Spain had retained an implicitly hierarchical structure which embodied a dualistic separation of political and economic sectors. While the anarchist union, the CNT, was to organize the working-class in preparation for social revolution, the recently formed FAI was to constitute a “conscious minority” of anarchist militants.
The CNT-FAI was patterned upon an elitist conception of organization much like Bakunin’s Alliance for Social Democracy which he had defined as being composed of “federations of workers, forming …free pacts with one another, with a small secret revolutionary body that permeated and controlled them.” The clandestine FAI saw itself as a “motor producing the quality of fabulous energy needed to move the syndicates in the direction which most conforms to the longings of Humanity for renovation and emancipation.”
In practice, this organization was to act as a quasi-Leninist vanguard party and the latent hierarchical divisions of the CNT-FAI as a whole were to become a social reality after July 1936. The immense revolutionary activity of the anarchist masses was to be reversed in a struggle in which the official CNT-FAI was to take the side of the bourgeois Republican state and its new-found ally, the Communist party.
What was accomplished by the factory councils, the agrarian collectives and workers’ militias in the year 1936 through 1937 was in spite of the policies and actions of the official anarchist organization. Nonetheless, despite the obstacles erected in its path, the movement for self-management in the Spanish Revolution provides the clearest historical example of a genuine socialism.
The Spanish Explosion
The historical explosion that was the Spanish Revolution cannot be explained under the convenient rubric of a “Civil War;” it represented the unfolding of an acute class struggle in which the Spanish proletariat participated as much for itself as against Franco. The fascist rising was answered, not by the impotent Republican government, but by a popular insurrection which involved men, women and youth and destroyed, in less than a month, the entire matrix of Spanish society.
The armed proletariat of July accomplished a de facto abolition of Church and State and replaced capitalist modes of production with economic and social forms of its own. In the subsequent year, the councils established by the working class Were to become a third force fighting against both the fascists and the attempts of the Republican government to re-establish its authority. The success of the workers’ and peasants’ militias cannot be measured in purely military terms.
While checking the fascist advance, these militias more importantly implemented a revolutionary program of expropriation and collectivization. The slogan “War and revolution at the same time,” formed the basis of the militias’ actions. Wherever possible throughout Republican Spain, workers seized the factories, peasants collectivized their land and a revolutionary force was organized to generalize and defend the revolution: “We carry a new world in our hearts, a world that is growing at this very moment.” (Durruti).
The period of revolutionary occupation which began-during July 1936 demonstrated the viability of the councilist form. The Spanish councils (unlike those previously in Russia, Germany and Italy) were able to pose the question of self-management practically, proceeding beyond the necessary arming of the workers to the organization of production.
In the industrialized areas of Catalonia, an anarchist stronghold, the proletariat proved capable of administering and improving a modern urban economy, increasing productivity while maintaining necessary services for the population—revolutionary Barcelona is witness to the success of self-management in Spain. Similar results were achieved in the rural areas of Aragon and Valencia, where modern agricultural techniques were introduced in the process of collectivization. The most radical aspect of this movement, however, was not the simple rationalization of the Spanish economy, but the attempt made to practically realize a critique of political economy.
From the beginning of the occupations, the Spanish proletariat proclaimed a communismo libertario in which money and commodity labor were abolished. In spite of admittedly primitive economic conditions, the Spanish councils and collectives were able to devise a system of distribution and exchange which represented a qualitative supersession of the relations of capitalist production.
The dilemma of “economic” or “moral” incentives, a problem for the bureaucratic classes of pseudo-socialist countries, was not encountered in revolutionary Spain. The radical translation of the dictum, “From each according to their ability; to each according to their needs,” into a reality was incentive enough for the proletariat to meet and in fact excel the demands imposed by war against Franco and the Fascists.
The spontaneous capacity for organization demonstrated by the Spanish proletariat during the revolutionary period disproved, once and for all, the Leninist falsehoods about the need for “correct leadership.” The assumption of direct power over the means of production was accompanied by the establishment of a direct democracy of the proletariat in which the basic organs of power were the councils—”revolutionary committees created by the people in order to make the revolution.” (CNT, Dec. 20, 1936)
Despite differences in their individual characteristics, the councils and collectives operated on essentially the same basis: delegates were elected to perform specific tasks and coordinate production—these delegates had limited powers and were subject to recall by the general assemblies of workers and peasants, in which all important decisions were made. Besides establishing an internal democracy, the councils sought to extend their power by coordinating activities with each other; unity was created between the factory councils and agrarian collectives, not only in the militias where workers and peasants fought side by side, but in the actual federation of movements and the exchange of delegates.
While bourgeois sociologists and historians have attempted to portray the revolutionary activity of the anarchist peasants as a “primitive religious movement,” one must only examine the Program of the Federation of the Aragon Collectives to perceive the advanced consciousness of the rural proletariat: “We propose the abolition of the local boundaries of the property we cultivate… unoccupied work-teams will be used to reinforce the collectives that are lacking labor power.” The Spanish movement for self-management was not a demand for simple regional autonomy—councilist federation was designed to supplant traditional authority in its entirety.
The Councils and Direct Democracy
The form in which the councils appeared was directly related to the organization of the workers’ militias where the principles of direct democracy had first been developed. In July, the armed columns of the Spanish proletariat were, in fact, the Revolution. Their function was as much social as military; the liquidation of bourgeois elements by the militias was not carried out “in defense of the Republic,” but as an initial step in the radical transformation of Spanish society.
The militias themselves never intended to be part of a regular army; in itself, the militia structure represented a radical break with conventional modes of warfare, simply because it was organized along revolutionary democratic lines. Like the insurgent armies of the Russian and German Revolutions, the Spanish militias represented the military arm of councilist power; the soldiers’ councils, like the factory assemblies and collectives, elected revocable, mandated delegates. The non-hierarchical character of these militia columns is evidenced in the fact that differences in rank and pay were non-existent.
The history of the Spanish militias remains an example of armed proletarian power; the revolutionary columns resisted any attempt at “militarization,” designed to turn them into regular army units, to the end, Defiantly, their slogan became: “militiamen, yes! soldiers, never!”
“We must carry out a total revolution. Expropriation must also be total. This is not the time for sleeping, but for building… If the Spanish worker does not carve out his liberty, the state will return and will reconstruct the authority of the government, destroying little by little the conquest made at the cost of a thousand acts of heroism.”
— Solidaridad Obrera, (CNT Newspaper) Aug. 26, 1936
Despite the rapid advance of the workers’ militias in
|
3 | 3 | 0 |
Peter gone. Herod, frustrated by all this, examined the keepers and gave orders for their execution. While it was true that Rome strongly enforced their policy of making guards totally responsible for prisoners put under their charge, with death as the penalty for failure; yet the evidence of God's divine intervention was so clear that one would expect that if Herod were fairminded, he would not enforce this on this occasion. Evidently there was no renewed effort made to find and arrest Peter.
Herod then returned to Caesarea, which was the principal seat of Roman government in Israel. He appears to present to us some solemn foreshadowing of the coming Antichrist, who will in the tribulation period persecute his own people, the Jews, putting some to death, though others will be preserved by God from this. His end too, abrupt and dreadful, was consistent with his character of self-exaltation.
While Peter has been set free by the power of God, the man who had determined to have him killed is himself the victim of an untimely death because of his own pride. Residents of Tyre and Sidon, north of Caesarea, desiring to placate the displeasure of Herod toward them, use the influence of Herod's chamberlain. It is told us that they desired a reconciliation simply because of selfish motives. They came on an appointed day to hear an oration from Herod. They knew well his proud vanity. His royal apparel (according to the historian Josephus) had a silver texture and shone brilliantly in the sun. The unseemly flattery of the people in shouting that his voice was that of a god and not of a man, succeeded in its appeal to his pride. He was willing to insult the God who created him by his own accepting divine honors.
Immediately the angel of the Lord answered this with a terrible infliction: he was eaten of worms and died very soon afterward. It is recorded also by Josephus that Herod said at this time, "I whom you call a god am ordered to depart this life immediately. Providence thus instantly reproves the lying words you just now addressed to me, and I who was by you called immortal am immediately to be hurried away by death." Such was the tragic end of him whom men called "Agrippa the Great!"
But the word of God (which this poor dupe of Satan sought to silence) grew and multiplied. While men of every age batter their heads against its eternal truth to their own destruction, God's word prevails in magnificent power and beauty.
We have noted now the return of Barnabas and Saul from Jerusalem to Antioch after delivering the temporal ministry from the Antioch assembly. Nothing is said at all of Saul's even preaching the word at Jerusalem. They bring with them John Mark, who was the nephew of Barnabas (Col.1:10).
ACTS - Chapter 13
From this time our attention is drawn particularly to the work of Saul, whose name is in this chapter changed to Paul, meaning "little," for one who is the most greatly used of God is, in his own estimation "less than the least of all saints" (Eph.3:8). In verse 1 there is no indication that anyone had a place superior to any other. Five prophets and teachers are mentioned as being in the Antioch assembly, and Saul is in fact listed last. Simeon's name is Jewish, but his last name, Niger, (meaning "black") may indicate he was dark-skinned. Lucius was of Cyrene in the area of Libya.
Antioch now becomes the center from which the work spreads, no doubt because of its practical exemplification of Christianity in the unity of Jewish and Gentile believers. The Spirit of God intervenes as these brethren are engaged in "ministering to the Lord" and fasting. There is evidently serious exercise to both give the Lord their allegiance and time, and to seek His guidance. The Spirit then clearly announces that Barnabas and Saul are to be separated for a special work. This call of God should be a very real thing to all whom God chooses to use. Human call or ordination of men has nothing to do with it. Yet when God shows His mind, then other saints should be glad to express their fellowship with what he is doing, as is the case in verse 3, for the laying on of hands was simply an expression of identification with their work.
They let them go; but it was the Spirit of God who sent them forth. Nothing is said of the results of their work at Seleucia or at Salamis or in the isle of Cyprus, though they preached the word in the synagogues, surely bearing in mind that the gospel is "to the Jew first."
However, a significant experience with a Jew is a striking sign of what was taking place in the Jewish nation as a whole. The deputy of the country, a Roman of prudent character, requested to hear the word of God from Barnabas and Saul. But a Jewish false prophet and sorcerer named Bar-Jesus ("son of Jesus" -- a deceitfully misleading name!) was present, opposing God's word in his trying to influence Sergius Paulus against the truth as presented by Barnabas and Saul. When the deputy had asked them to explain the things of God, it was certainly rude interference for Elymas to interpose his wicked objections.
In answer to the cunning opposition of Elymas the Sorcerer Paul did an exceptionally solemn thing, clearly led by the Spirit of God to do so. His words were startling, exposing the condition of the man as being full of all subtlety and mischief, a child of the devil and an enemy of all righteousness. Normally we ought never to go this far in speaking to a man, but Paul was clearly led by the Spirit of God in doing so. He appeals also to his conscience as to his perverting the right ways of the Lord.
This was not all, however. Paul tells him what is proven true immediately, that the hand of the Lord upon him would blind him for a period of time (v.11). Similarly, because Of Israel's resistance to the truth as it is in Jesus, "blindness in part is happened to Israel" (Romans 11:25). Since that time, wandering in darkness, they have sought direction from any source but the Lord, looking for someone to lead them by the hand.
The deputy, deeply impressed, believed the teaching of the Lord. If Gentiles rightly consider the ways of God's government with Israel, they cannot but acknowledge its truth, its righteousness and its grace.
Though nothing is said of their work or of any experiences in Perga (meaning "very earthy"), John Mark left Paul and Barnabas there and returned to Jerusalem (not to Antioch in Syria, from which city they had left). Had Mark found the work in Cyprus more disturbing than he expected? Whatever the case, the apostle Paul was not happy about his departing from the work (Chapter 15:38).
Back on the mainland they come to Antioch in Pisidia (in present day Turkey), not actually such a great distance north of Antioch in Syria. Visiting the local synagogue on the sabbath day, they sit down. The regular custom of reading in the law and the prophets began the service. Then the rulers of the synagogue, recognizing Paul and Barnabas as Jews and men of evident ability, invited them to speak. Certainly this was the Lord's opening of the way for them.
Paul then gives them a brief, pointed summary of Israel's history, their having been chosen by God who brought them out of Egypt, bearing with their many failures in their forty year wilderness history, subduing seven nations before them in establishing them in the land of Canaan, dividing their inheritance to them by lot. From that time He gave them judges up to the end of 450 years until Samuel the prophet.
Then in answer to their own demand He gave them a king, Saul of the tribe of Benjamin, for a period of forty years. Removing him, He gave them David, saying of him that he was a man after God's own heart who would fulfil God's will.
In all of this it is clear that God was from time to time changing His dispensational dealings with Israel, leading them from one point to another, and certainly having a definite end in view. In fact, Israel had recognized that David, being a man after God's heart who would fulfil His will, was a manifest type of their coming Messiah, the Son of David, whom Israel claimed to be expecting.
Paul comes directly to this vital point. There was no question that Jesus was of the seed of David. God had raised Him up as a Savior to Israel, according to His promise. Of course Israel refused Him because He did not come in the power and glory that they expected. Yet they had clear testimony given them through John the Baptist, who had fittingly preached the baptism of repentance in preparation of the way of the Lord. All Israel knew that John was a true prophet of God, who took the lowest place in deference to the greatness of Him to whom he bore witness, insisting that he was not worthy to loose the shoes of His feet. There was not the least doubt left as to who this was, for when Jesus came to him in the presence of all the people, he declared, "Behold the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world" (John 1:20).
Paul's address then makes clear that God had given a progressive revelation to Israel, which manifestly had the person of Jesus the Messiah in view. He presses upon them as children of the stock of Abraham (and including also all among them who feared God), that the word of this salvation was sent to them.
Though the word of God's salvation was sent in great grace to Israel, yet Paul declares plainly to the Jews that the rulers in Jerusalem, refusing to recognize Jesus or to bow to the truth of their own scriptures that were read every sabbath day in their services, had actually fulfilled their scriptures in condemning the Lord Jesus. Not being able to bring any charge of guilt against Him, they had yet demanded that Pilate should deliver Him to death. Without realizing it they had done precisely what scripture had said they would do. His betrayal, His crucifixion, the piercing of His hands and feet and side, and many other details spoken of in prophecy were fulfilled to the letter, then His removal from the cross, being laid in the grave.
"But God raised Him from the dead." This too had been prophesied, both in the Old Testament and by the Lord Himself. Many witnesses also had seen Him after His resurrection, during many days, specifically those who had come with Him from Galilee.
Therefore it was the great privilege of Paul and Barnabas to declare glad tidings to Israel first that God had fulfilled His clear promise to Israel in raising up Jesus (not "again," for this does not refer to His resurrection, but to His incarnation): "this day have I begotten Thee." The expression "Thou art my Son" is that which has been true of Him from eternity past. His being begotten "this day" refers to the day of His incarnation in Manhood. He is God's Son: He did not become Son, but is now the Son incarnate.
In verse 34 Paul specifically speaks of His resurrection from among the dead, again quoting scripture, "I will give you the sure mercies of David" (Isaiah 55:3). This was written long after David had died, and is connected with "an everlasting covenant" in contrast to the temporary covenant of law. It must therefore be based on resurrection power connected with Him who is "Leader and Commander to the people," as Isaiah adds in Isaiah 55:4, that is, the Son of David.
Paul then quotes Psalm 16:10: "Thou shalt not suffer thine Holy One to see corruption." This is most arresting as indicating nothing less than resurrection before corruption could set in. David wrote this, but after he had in his own generation served the will of God, died and saw corruption. Again, it was David's son to whom he had borne witness, He whom God raised from the dead and who saw no corruption.
Wonderful then is the message that Paul emphatically declares, that "through this Man is preached unto you the forgiveness of sins." More than simply forgiveness, however, he declares that all who believe in Jesus are justified from all things. The law of Moses could not possibly forgive sins nor justify the guilty: it exposed and condemned sin, and declared all men to be guilty. To forgive is to graciously discharge one's offenses. To justify is to righteously constitute one not guilty. The blessed sacrifice of Christ alone can accomplish so marvellous a result, both removing the guilt of sin and crediting the believer in Jesus with a righteousness that can never be taken from him.
Appropriately this message of great grace is followed by a solemn warning as to the results of despising such grace. Habakkuk 1:5 is quoted to emphasize the fact that God had foretold that Israel would refuse to believe the reality of what God Himself would work, though declared plainly to them. They might indeed wonder at the marvel of it, but with no faith in the living God, therefore having only the ominous prospect of perishing under the judgment of God.
Verse 42 is evidently more correctly translated in J.N.D's version, "And as they went out they begged that these words might be spoken to them the ensuing sabbath." Of course it would be Jews and proselytes in the synagogue, and Gentiles would not be aware of what had been spoken, but would surely hear about it before the next sabbath. The effect on many of the Jews and proselytes was so immediate as to cause them to follow Paul and Barnabas, and they would not likely keep silent as to what they had heard. Paul and Barnabas used the occasion to give them the spiritual help they needed, urging them to continue in the grace of God.
Paul's first address at Antioch in Pisidia had awakened such interest that on the following sabbath day, not only Jews, but almost the whole city assembled to hear the Word of God. The power of God was manifestly behind this awakened interest, as the Jews should have discerned. Yet, when they saw the crowds present, they were filled with envy rather than with like concern to learn the truth of God. This selfish Jewish sectarianism blinded their minds to the preciousness of the grace of God, and through it they ignorantly sentenced themselves to a state of desolation. Selfishness always defeats its own ends. Opposing what Paul was speaking, they not only contradicted, but blasphemed (verse 45), which indicates their contempt for God Himself, so intent were they in maintaining their sectarian pride.
The words of Paul and Barnabas to them were therefore bold and decisive. Because Jews were the nation chosen by God, it was right and necessary that the Word of God should first be declared to them. But in rejecting that Word, they were judging themselves as being unworthy of everlasting life. They were choosing death. "Lo, we turn to the Gentiles" were solemn words that no doubt stirred the Jews to more bitter hostility. Of course some of them had been saved, but the many were opposed. Paul's turning to the Gentiles was consistent with Old Testament scripture. He quotes Isaiah 49:6, the words of God to the Messiah, "I have set Thee to be a light of the Gentiles, that thou shouldest be for salvation unto the ends of the earth." Certainly the Jews had nothing to reply to this, but their minds were set: they would not be changed by their own scriptures.
The grace of God wrought mightily in the Gentile audience: they were glad and glorified the Word of the Lord. The sovereign election of God is indicated here very decisively in the words, "as many as were ordained to eternal life believed." The Word of God was making itself manifest and those who were elect of God responded. The entire region then was blessed with the publishing of the Word of God.
The Jews, refusing the gospel themselves, were determined also that it should not be preached to Gentiles. This is a sad indication of the perversity of man's natural heart. For, despising the Gentiles as they did, why were they not glad that Gentiles were receiving what they considered poisonous doctrine? But they were moved by blind, unreasoning hatred toward the name of Jesus, for that very name was a challenge to their national pride. Cunningly they stir up devout and honorable women, not the lower classes; for women are more likely to become excited where religion is concerned, and to influence men. The chief men of the city were the special object of this influence. Of course the Jews could point to the fact that Paul and Barnabas had only newly arrived in the city and were causing unwanted commotion. Paul and Barnabas were expelled out of the city.
However, they left behind them many new believers. While they solemnly shook off the dust of their feet in leaving to go to Iconium, the disciples remaining there were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit. Persecution could not take this away.
Iconium was also in Asia Minor: here they entered the synagogue and the Spirit of God gave them grace to so speak as to vitally influence a great number, both of Jews and Gentiles, to believe the gospel. It was plainly not always they were given power to speak in this way, and this could not be done by some special self-effort: it is dependent entirely on the energizing power of the Spirit of God. If we desire this, let us pray for it and depend on God for it.
Unbelieving Jews again at Iconium used their evil influence to cause bitter animosity. The apostles were however not expelled from the city and continued a long time preaching the Word in the face of such persecution. The Lord also gave special witness to the truth by granting signs and wonders to be done through their instrumentality. Notice the word "therefore" in verse 3. The opposition was a reason for their remaining there, so long as it did not erupt in violence.
Being favored with the manifest working of God among them, the residents of Iconium became divided into two camps, many siding with the Jews against Paul and Barnabas, many others taking a stand with the apostles. We may wonder at Gentiles siding with Jews, but this happens in cases where there is a common enmity against the Lord Jesus Christ. When both Gentiles and Jews made plans to resort to violence, however, the apostles were given information as to it and left the city to go to Lystra and Derbe. This was the wise course, for violence once begun would not quickly stop until it had affected many more than the apostles. More than this, now that a testimony to Christ had been established in Iconium, the Lord uses persecution to send His servants to other parts to proclaim His name. "There they preached the gospel."
Nothing is said of whether many at Lystra turned to the Lord, though we read of one particular man, a cripple from birth. Verse 21 however implies that some disciples were there on Paul's return later. The crippled man was apparently riveted by Paul's message, and Paul, perceiving some evident reality of faith in the man, told him to stand upright on his feet. Immediately he leaped and walked.
An amazing miracle of this kind surely ought to have drawn people's attention to the message that Paul brought. But Satan cunningly took advantage of this to deceive the superstitious residents of the city, who conceived the idolatrous notion that Paul and Barnabas were gods come down in the form of men. Rather than listening to them, they wanted to worship them, even naming Barnabas Jupiter and Paul Mercury. Mere
|
3 | 3 | 1 |
some of the stars were blocked out by a giant object, he rang the bell, but it was too late. The Titanic scraped against iceberg, and she was given less than two hours to live.
The Sinking of the RMS Titanic
When the senior officers of the Titanic began filling lifeboats, they asked crew members to take command of each small vessel. Both Frederick Fleet and Reginald Lee were asked to help with the rowing situation. Lee was put in charge of lifeboats number 13, which was lowered down the side of the sinking ship around 1:30 in the morning. Once the survivors were rescued by the Carpathia, and taken to New York City, Reginald Lee testified at the inquiry about the Titanic that the Board of Trade had, but Lee’s health was not that great. Reginald Robinson Lee died on August 6, 1913 from pneumonia at the age of 41.<|endoftext|>Study: Cats cannot taste sweetsJuly 25, 2005 in /
United States and British researchers announced Monday they have found a defective gene that makes it impossible for cats to taste sugar or other sweets.
Researchers at Philadelphia's Monell Chemical Senses Center in collaboration with Britain's Waltham Center for Pet Nutrition found a defect in a gene coding for part of the mammalian sweet taste receptor can account for cats' indifference to sweets.
Xia Li, a molecular geneticist at Monell, said the mammalian sweet receptor is composed of two protein subunits, known as T1R2 and T1R3. Each is coded for by a separate gene.
In the study, reported in the July inaugural issue of PLoS (Public Library of Science) Genetics, the researchers show a defect in the gene encoding the T1R2 protein in domestic cats.
Monell researchers also detected the same gene defect in tigers and cheetahs, suggesting it is common throughout the cat family.
"This type of gene is known as a pseudo gene and is somewhat like a molecular fossil," said Li. "It presumably once coded a functional protein, but no longer does so."
The data will be presented during the Waltham International Nutritional Sciences Symposium scheduled for September in Washington.
Copyright 2005 by United Press International
"Study: Cats cannot taste sweets" July 25, 2005 https://phys.org/news/2005-07-cats-sweets.html<|endoftext|>他为科幻小说赋予思想
弗兰克·赫伯特，美国科幻小说家、作家。是美国极具影响力的科幻巨匠，是与阿西莫夫比肩的大师。他在科幻文学中的地位如同托尔金在奇幻文学中的地位一样，无人可以撼动。他更是首位普及“生态学”和“系统思想”的科幻作家，他教会了科幻作家如何赋予科幻小说以思想。
2017年10月8日，是美国科幻大师弗兰克·赫伯特的97周年诞辰。
赫伯特一生著述颇丰，其中最具影响力的莫过于伟大的《沙丘》系列小说。该系列不但是历史上首部同时获得雨果奖和星云奖的作品，更是一大批经典作品的灵感来源。是每个“一生必读”的书单上都有的科幻经典，在科幻文学史上有着举足轻重的地位。同时在影视、游戏等诸多文化领域，也有着广泛而深远的影响。
因《沙丘》的出版，中国读者开始有所了解，近日，其代表作、《沙丘》系列第二部《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》亦将面世。对于这位不世出的天才，我们还应有更深的了解。
一生笔耕不辍，比肩阿西莫夫的一代大师
1920年，弗兰克·赫伯特出生于美国华盛顿州达科马，他少年时即热爱阅读和写作，尤其酷爱科幻小说，从事过记者、摄影师等工作。后进入华盛顿大学学习，开始走上创作之路。这段时期，他广泛接触弗洛伊德、荣格等人的作品，对心理学产生了浓厚的兴趣。50年代末，赫伯特受杂志社委托，前往俄勒冈州佛罗伦萨市，考察当地流沙治理的情况。这次旅行改变了赫伯特的一生，在调查过程中，一个更庞大的故事架构逐渐浮现出来，并随着资料的详实而越发清晰。最终，赫伯特决定放弃考察，转而着手写一部名为《沙丘》的科幻小说。
伟大的经典却被出版商拒绝
整个60年代，赫伯特全身心投入艰苦创作，《沙丘》终于开始在杂志上连载。经过漫长的6年，终于要推出单行本时，出版商却不愿出版：主要原因是书稿的厚度，40万字的篇幅几乎是当时一般科幻小说的三倍至四倍；另一方面则是因为小说的错综复杂和赫伯特新造的古怪词汇，出版商认为这会令读者困惑。在被20多家出版商拒稿后，经由奇尔顿图书公司之手，《沙丘》这部传世经典方才得以面世。尽管最初销量平平，但它很快就斩获了当年的星云奖和次年的雨果奖，也就此成为历史上首部同时获得“科幻双奖”的作品。接着，陆续被收入美国NPR、英国BBC等各个“一生必读”的书单，销量和口碑也渐渐有了起色。
此后20年时间里，赫伯特完成了《沙丘》系列的后续5部，令整个系列更加深入人心，也进一步推广了他的生态和哲学思想。1986年2月11日，这位“沙丘之父”病逝于威斯康星州的麦迪逊市，终年65岁。终其一生，虽然也有其他创作，但赫伯特将绝大部分精力都花在了《沙丘》系列上，文学界对这位“沙丘之父”评价极高，认为他是与《银河帝国》作者阿西莫夫比肩的科幻大师。著名科幻作家、“科幻三巨头”之一的阿瑟·克拉克认为《沙丘》系列“独领风骚，只有《指环王》可以与之媲美”。
《沙丘》包罗万象，超越文学范畴成全球性文化现象
作为科幻史上新浪潮时期“软科幻”的杰出代表，《沙丘》的与众不同在于，它刻意抑制了对科技本身的描写，转而去刻画人在未来的种种状态，是一部包罗万象、超越了科幻类别、进入经典殿堂的科幻作品。赫伯特借《沙丘》探讨了多方面的社会问题，同时将自己的人生经历层层植入，使得小说复杂且富有层次。
因其无所不包的宏大主题，在美国NPR评选的“百大科幻·奇幻经典”中，《沙丘》位居第四，成为超越时间、历久弥新的经典。复旦大学中文系教授严锋是《沙丘》系列的忠实读者，他表示“在故事的生动复杂方面，《沙丘》同金庸的小说有的一比。《沙丘》又不仅仅是一部科幻小说，这里面有政治、经济、军事、宗教、生态学等，更把人性、人的本质、人的目的放在一个宇宙的尺度上进行终极思考，这个规模恐怕又是金庸所不及的了”。
作为一部包罗万象的科幻经典，《沙丘》已经超越了文学范畴成为全球性文化现象。1984年，大卫·林奇执导的同名电影上映，拉开了《沙丘》影视化的序幕。《沙丘》的影视化之路颇为不顺，但却启发了一大批经典大片。元素设定上，《星球大战》从光剑的设定，到战斗的具体细节，几乎都承袭了《沙丘》的设计。故事内核上，《沙丘》的故事架构更是直接影响了包括《阿凡达》在内的诸多好莱坞大片，成为全球性的文化符号。
光芒超越前作，《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》成就经典地位
《沙丘》出版3年后，赫伯特又推出了续篇《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》。这是一部超越了前作的伟大作品，它真正将《沙丘》系列引进了经典殿堂。然而出版初期，《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》却遭遇口碑滑铁卢。
《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》的故事发生在前作的12年后，前作主角保罗·厄崔迪，在本作中性格发生了翻天覆地的变化，从充满浪漫幻想的少年，变成了老谋深算的一国之主，性格中大量阴暗的因素被展现出来。同时也大量削减了前作中的动作描写，以对话和心理活动为主，颇具意识流色彩。
赫伯特之子布莱恩·赫伯特指出，在书中，父亲“警示了盲目跟随魅力领袖所带来的危险，并展现了保罗·厄崔迪的黑暗面。很多粉丝没有理解这条信息，因为他们不愿意看到心目中的超级英雄从宝座上跌落……但仔细回想一下《沙丘》中的情节，其实一切都昭然若揭，父亲早已为他的英雄埋下了痛苦的种子，但很多读者并不希望看到这个事实”。
虽然许多读者曾对故事的发展大失所望，但时间证明了《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》展现的是比前作更深沉、更宏大的沙丘世界。同时，它也将《沙丘》系列从单一的少年英雄成长史扩展为家族史，乃至人类命运的史诗。因为《沙丘2：沙丘救世主》和后续的一系列作品，《沙丘》才最终得以在文学史上留名。
责任编辑：李浩<|endoftext|>自从上次皇帝被骗子骗了以后，他觉得很没面子，整天愁眉苦脸。为了挽回自己的脸面，他冥思苦想，“唉，有了，”他想出了一个好主意。他决定再穿新衣游行一次，这个消息一传开，商家们纷纷来报名，为皇帝做新衣。皇帝在众人中精心挑选上了最满意的一位，皇帝问：“你打算给我做一件什么样的衣服，”商家胸有成竹地答道，“我要给您做一件世上独一无二的金丝衣，您只要给我两袋金子。”
皇帝吸取了上次的教训，决定让商人留在皇宫里做，并由自己来监视。商人不久在皇帝的监视下终于完成了，然而商人又在家里做了一件纸质衣服，几乎可以以假乱真，并悄悄地带进了宫。第二天，皇帝高高兴兴的穿上了纸质的新装，不料，老公不作美，忽然，乌云密步，衣服上的金色被雨给冲掉了，纸也怕湿，衣服毁了。百姓们一看都哈哈大笑。皇帝又上当了。
（辅导老师：南利文）<|endoftext|>SUBLETTE COUNTY – Snow will blanket the Upper Green River Basin’s sagebrush flats in the near future, and on sunny days with temperature inversions, the potential for increased, unhealthy levels of winter ozone will rise with more gas and oilfield pollutants trapped at ground level.
Last winter, the Upper Green River Basin’s unusual winter ozone levels exceeded the federal standard of 70 parts per billion for eight hours, leading to seven “ozone action days” as designated by the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality.
The first known winter ozone exceedances were recorded here in 2005, when the federal standard had been 84 ppb since 1997. The Environmental Protection Agency lowered that to 75 ppb in 2008 and revised it to 70 ppb in 2015.
Since 2005, scientists identified four factors that when combined could lead to ozone exceedances – mainly high “precursor” levels of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or polluting chemicals that “bake” in bright sunlight reflected from unbroken snow cover with temperature inversions and low winds present.
Resulting high levels of ozone can cause or aggravate respiratory problems in the young, old and people active outdoors. The Wyoming Department of Health has noted increased problems reported after OADs.
After years without UGRB exceedances and lower gas and oilfield activity, the 2017 ozone action days were unexpected.
Last May 3, Air Quality Division Administrator Nancy Vehr took comments at the UGRB post-season ozone meeting. One was<|endoftext|>导读: 松花蛋又称作皮蛋，是一道很特别的菜式，人们对于它也是十分的喜爱，但是你们知道松花蛋的腌制方法吗？在腌制松花蛋的过程中需要注意一些什么呢？松花蛋的制作方法有哪些呢？松花蛋的腌制需要哪些材料呢如何腌制出好吃的松花蛋？下面一起来看看吧。……
松花蛋腌制方法一 (烧碱法)
原料配方
禽蛋10千克，水10千克，烧碱500-600克，红茶末200克，食盐400克。
腌制方法
首先我们将红茶末用3千克的水加热，熬制称深褐色的茶汁，将茶叶滤除以备用。接着将烧碱放入事先准备好的缸中，加入7千克的水进行搅拌并使其完全的溶解，接着再倒入茶汁、盐再一次的搅拌均匀，这些工作做好之后再将禽蛋放入其中，并压于液面下，盖上盖子密封，放置于20℃的环境下腌制13天左右，将其取出来剥壳检查。
如蛋白凝固透明，将蛋取出，再用50%料液加50%凉开水混合液浸泡10-15天即成。料液浓度高低可根据蛋白凝固状态酌情增减。<|endoftext|>巴西件
服务介绍
国际特惠-出口，是为满足中国大陆客户非紧急物品或较重物品寄递需求而推出的经济型国际快件服务。价格优惠，时效稳定，安全有保障。
服务时效
华北至巴西8-10天
华东至巴西7-9天
华南至巴西6-8天
华西至巴西8-10天
中南至巴西7-9天
注：
* 时效标准天数是指工作日，不包括周末和节假日。
* 以上派送时效、派件服务时间均指目的地国当地时间。
* 时效标准不包含收件当天。
* 时效标准不适用于如下情况：包括但不限于因客户原因单证不全，出口及进口监管部门政策调整、海关扣件、海关查验等不可控因素导致的时效延长。
* 涉及正式报关或100KG以上的快件，因需增加操作，时效需延长2日。
服务标准
单件快件体积限制：200*80*70cm
单件快件重量限制：单件快件重量不超过32KG
单票价值限制：不限。
注：
*单票货件价值高于3000美元会要求正式报关,会因而产生额外费用如关税,清关时间亦会因此延长
禁寄物品
大陆出口“违法”禁寄物品、大陆出口“违规”禁寄物品、航空“违法”禁寄物品、航空“违规”禁寄物品不收寄。
目的国禁寄物品具体标准请以当地口岸海关相关法规、要求为准。
服务范围
巴西大部分地区<|endoftext|>This year’s BRIght Futures Prize finalists are pursuing forward-thinking and inventive research to improve patient care. Each of the three finalists hopes to receive the $100,000 BRIght Futures Prize, which will be awarded at Discover Brigham on Oct. 7. Read about their work below, and vote for your choice.
What is your research project about?
More than 25 million Americans, both children and adults, have asthma, and an estimated 300 million people are affected worldwide. When patients experience an asthma “attack,” their bronchial—or breathing—tubes are constricted by surrounding muscles and become inflamed and filled with mucus, causing these passageways to severely narrow. Nearly 2 million times each year in the U.S., people with asthma are rushed to a nearby emergency department, often desperate for lack of air and at risk for progression of their illness to the point of a life-threatening lack of oxygen.
But asthma attacks generally do not come on suddenly. Typically, they evolve over several hours or even days, with the opportunity to intervene and prevent severe and frightening attacks—if only patients could first recognize that their breathing is becoming impaired, and then take action to prevent their symptoms from escalating. We are developing a novel system that will help people with asthma detect the worsening of their breathing and guide them to early and effective interventions that protect them from dangerous asthma attacks.
What is a compelling aspect of your research project?
We are developing a smartphone application that will alert people with asthma that their breathing is deteriorating and suggest interventions that can reverse the decline before it becomes severe. Unique features of this application include voice analysis software that can detect changes in lung function based on changes in the pattern and quality of speech; text messaging to people with asthma and to their designated support team of family and friends about worsening symptoms and suggestions for taking action; and the opportunity to communicate this information to their doctor or other health care provider. We envision a portable comprehensive asthma integrated management system
|
3 | 3 | 2 |
拿起身旁的的弓箭，便朝着辽国的士兵射去。将军打仗，小兵遭殃，一看何灌对准了自己所在的方向，一些胆小的辽国士兵吓得瑟瑟发抖，心中暗道死定了。
可不曾想，何灌朝着辽军连射了三箭，却没有射中一个人。见此场景，辽军们哈哈大笑，纷纷嘲讽何灌是个有名无实的废物。
为首的辽国将军派人去捡何灌射歪的箭，准备送去宋军羞辱何灌。小兵找了半天，终于在后方的悬崖附近发现了箭支，等到小兵走近一看，却彻底傻眼了。
这三支箭竟然齐刷刷地射入了悬崖上的大石头，而且扎得很深，要几人合力才能将其拔出。
小兵将箭带回，并向辽国将军禀告了这件事。辽国将军听到小兵描述的场景后，也吓了一跳。
他的武艺已经是辽军中的翘楚，让他从那么远的地方向悬崖射去，能不能深深扎进石头里先不说，光是箭到那个位置就很悬乎了。
这个时候将军明白了，何灌并不是射不中箭，相反，他的箭术高超，无人能及。他不愿射中辽国士兵，不过是给辽国的面子，表明不愿与辽军开战的心罢了。
想到这里，辽国将军认为双方要是真的打起来，谁输谁赢还不一定，自己能不能活着下战场，也是个未知数。
于是他不敢再随便招惹何灌，便带领自己的部队快速，退回了边界线。
何灌屡立战功，带领着部队在宋朝边境上严防死守，他的名字也响彻了其他觊觎宋朝领土的国家。不过碍于何灌太过勇猛，大多数时间里，他们也只是想想而已。
可再神勇的将军，如果没有英明的君主，也是枉然。当时的金国雄心勃勃，想要征服天下，对宋朝发起了战争。
何灌在听到朝中大臣荒唐的建议后，立马站出来向宋徽宗进言，认为应该将军队全部的精锐集结起来，才能抵挡住金国的大兵。
可徽宗根本不听从何灌的意见，执意让他带领着一支普通军队前去迎战。何灌无可奈何，只能带军北上，可这一去，便再也没有回来。
那时的金国军队训练有素，作战能力极强，而何灌这次带领的军队，不仅没有严格地训练，甚至还有不少老弱病残。
何灌面对来势汹汹的金军，绝不认输，与他们奋战了三天三夜，最终伤势过重死于战场之上。
何灌的离世，让宋朝失去了一位真正爱国爱民的将军，宋朝也因再无可用之人而被金朝侵略。
在那个朝廷腐败，君王昏庸的时代，相比于同是举世英雄的岳飞而言，为国战死沙场，可能已经是何灌最好的结局了。<|endoftext|>IMDb'ye göre 100'den fazla filmde yer alan ve inanılmaz kariyerleri ile hatırlanacak olan oyuncuların bir listesini hazırladık.
Film ve diziler karantina günlerinde vazgeçilmezimiz oldu. Hikayeleri ve eşsiz deneyimleriyle bizi büyülüyorlar. Bu gücün büyük bir kısmı oyuncuların hareketli performanslarında yatmaktadır. Bu listedeki oyuncular sadece sanatçı olma hayallerini gerçekleştirmekle kalmadı, aynı zamanda hafızamızda da iz bıraktılar.
Kariyerleri boyunca 100'den fazla filmde rol almış 18 oyuncu
1
Bette Davis / 123 film
Erkek egemen bir endüstride sinemada yükselebilen bir kahraman olan Bette Davis, 5 Nisan 1908'de Massachusetts'te doğdu. Kariyerine Broadway'de 21 yaşında başladı. 1932'de Warner Bros. ile The Man Who Played God filminde rol almak için sözleşme imzalayarak yıldızlığa ulaştı. Dangerous ve Jezebel'deki performansları, En İyi Kadın Oyuncu dalında Oscar ödüllerini kazanmasını sağladı. Toplam 123 rolüyle Davis, biyografik sitesine göre sadece saygın bir aktris değil, aynı zamanda “Amerika'daki en yüksek ücretli kadın” oldu. Ne yazık ki, 1989'da meme kanserine karşı savaşını kaybettikten sonra vefat etti.
2
Judi Dench / 128 film
İngiliz oyuncu ve yazar Judith Olivia Dench, 9 Aralık 1934'te doğdu. Hamlet ve Romeo ve Juliet'de rol aldığı farklı tiyatro şirketleriyle sanat dünyasına girdi. İlk rolü 1964'te Third Secret filmindeydi. Takip eden yıllarda komedi yapımlarında rol aldı ve sonunda James Bond film serisiyle dünyaca ün kazandı. 128 yapımda yer alıyor ve Oscar, BAFTA, Olivier Ödülleri, Ekran Aktörleri Derneği ödülleri, Altın Küre ve hatta Tony Ödülleri'nde En İyi Yardımcı Kadın Oyuncu ödüllerini aldı.
3
Anthony Hopkins / 137 film
31 Aralık 1937'de Galler, İngiltere'de doğan Anthony Hopkins, film endüstrisinde en çok aranan ve dinamik yıldızlardan biri haline geldi. 60'lı yıllarda kariyerine Kraliyet Ulusal Tiyatrosu'na katılarak başladı ve daha sonra 1967'de The White Bus ile beyaz perdeye geçiş yaptı. 11 yıl sonra ilk başrollerini kaptığı Magic ve The Elephant Man filmlerinde rol aldı. Dünya şöhreti, En İyi Erkek Oyuncu dalında Oscar kazandığı karakter olan Hannibal Lecter'ı canlandırdığı zaman geldi. Çektiği 140'a yakın film ile Hopkins, tüm film türlerinde oyunculuğa olan açlığını sürdürüyor.
4
Jackie Chan / 142 film
Chan Kong-sang 1954'te Hong Kong'da doğdu. Sadece fantastik bir aktör değil, aynı zamanda bir dövüş sanatları dublörü, yönetmen, yapımcı ve senarist olarak tanınıyor. Chan, 1970'lerde Bruce Lee'nin yanında destekleyici roller oynayarak film endüstrisinde aktif hale geldi. Sonunda komediyi dövüş sanatlarıyla birleştirdiğinde, aktör uluslararası üne kavuştu. En dikkate değer filmlerinden bazıları Drunken Master ve Snake in the Eagle’s Shadow'dur. 2016 yılında tüm çalışmaları için fahri Oscar ödülü aldı.
5
Robert Wagner / 151 film
Amerikalı aktör ve film yapımcısı Robert Wagner, 10 Şubat 1930'da doğdu ve 20 yaşında The Happy Years ile oyunculuk hayatına başladı. Yıllar sonra, 20th Century Fox, With a Song in my Heart ve Titanic (1953 versiyonu) gibi filmlerde kendisine bir şans verdi. Kariyerinde, hem aktör hem de yapımcı olarak çalıştığı televizyon da dahil olmak üzere toplam 151 yapımda rol aldı.
6
Susan Sarandon / 161 film
Şuan 73 yaşındaki Susan Sarandon ilk rolünü 1970 yılında Joe'da aldı. 12 yıl sonra Atlantic City için ilk Oscar adaylığını kazandı. Sarandon sinemaya Emotional Arithmetic gibi filmlerle devam etti. Bu zamana kadar 161 filmde rol aldı.
7
Anthony Quinn / 169 film
Bu Meksikalı aktör 21 Nisan 1915'te Chihuahua eyaletinde doğdu. Sinemada “egzotik” sayılan Buffalo Bill ve They Died With Their Boots On gibi filmlerde rol aldı. Viva Zapata'da Zapata’nın kardeşini canlandırarak ilk Oscar'ını aldı. Lust for Life ile ikincisini kazandı. Uzmanlık alanı macera sineması olmasına rağmen, Barabbas, Zeus ve The Hunchback of Notre Dame'sinde rol aldı ve oyuncu olarak 169 filmde yer aldı. Şüphesiz 2001'de 86 yaşında vefat etmeden önce her türlü karaktere dönüşmeyi başarmıştı. Ömer Muhtar ve Çağrı filmlerindeki performanslarıyla özellikle Türkiye'de çok sevilen bir oyuncu oldu.
8
Eli Wallach / 174 film
7 Aralık 1915 doğumlu, Yahudi kökenli Amerikalı aktör Eli Wallach, yaklaşık 174 filmde oynadı. Filmlerinin çoğu Baby Doll ve Seven Thieves gibi western yani kovboy filmleriydi, ama aynı zamanda New York, I Love You ve Wall Street II gibi filmlerde de rol aldı. Ancak gerçek sinematik zaferi The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly filminde Tuco ve The Godfather III'te Don Altobello olduktan sonra kazanmayı başardı. 2011 yılında Akademi Ödülü kazandı ve 3 yıl sonra 98 yaşında hayatını kaybetti.
9
Michael Caine / 176 film
Michael Caine, 14 Mart 1933'te Londra'da doğdu. Oyunculuk kariyerinin ilk başlarında sahne adı, Michael White'dı. Daha sonra bugün bildiğimiz gibi Caine olarak değiştirdi. Kariyerine sinemada başlamadan önce tiyatro ve televizyonda çalıştı. İlk başarısı The Ipcress File filmiyle geldi. En tanınmış filmleri arasında Sleuth, California Suite, Hannah and Her Sisters (En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu dalında Oscar kazandı), Little Voice (Altın Küre kazandı) ve Batman Begins var. Bugüne kadar 176 filmde rol aldı.
10
Samuel L. Jackson / 191 film
71 yaşındaki Amerikalı aktör, ilk beyaz perde deneyimini 1973'te Together for Days ile yaptı, ancak Tarantino'nun Pulp Fiction'daki suikastçi rolü ile gerçek anlamdan tanınmaya başladı. Bu başarının ardından üzerinde çalıştığı filmler sadece sinemadaki yerini korumakla kalmadı, aynı zamanda 191'in üzerinde prodüksiyonda yer almasını sağladı. Bugün onu hala Star Wars, 1408 ve Iron Man'da görebiliyoruz.
11
Donald Sutherland / 194 film
17 Temmuz 1935'te doğan Donald Sutherland, 1960'larda ve 1970'lerde hem korku hem de savaş filmlerinde rol aldı. 1960'ların başında, daha sonra Christopher Lee'nin yanında önemli roller üstlenmeden önce film ve televizyonda küçük yapımlarda oyuncu olarak çıkış yaptı. Onu Hollywood'un zirvesine çıkaran film The Gallows oldu. 3 yıl sonra, MASH için Altın Küre'ye aday gösterildi. Sonraki yıllarda gündemden uzaklaştı, ancak The Hunger Games, The Time of Their Lives ve Ad Astra: Towards the Stars filmlerindeki rolleriyle hatırlanabilir. Sutherland oyunculuk kariyeri boyunca kendisine fahri Oscar ödülü kazandıran 194 filmde yer aldı.
12
Louis Gossett Jr. / 202 film
27 Mayıs 1936'da doğan Amerikalı aktör, kariyerinde 200'den fazla filmle sadece sinemada değil, çeşitli televizyon dizilerinde de çalışmasıyla tanınıyor. İlk kez 1977 yılında “Dram Dizisinde En İyi Konuk Erkek Oyuncu” dalında Emmy aldı ve 5 yıl sonra, An Officer and a Gentleman filmi ile Oscar'larda ve Altın Küre'de “En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu” ödüllerini aldı.
13
Christopher Plummer / 216 film
Toronto doğumlu oyuncu tiyatroda 7 yıl geçirdi. Rol aldığı 216 filme rağmen, bir röportajında sonraki rolleri için ısındığını söylemişti: “Belki 90lı yaşlarıma geldiğimde bir kadına dönüşüp tüm harika rolleri tekrar oynayacağım!” Televizyon, tiyatro ve sinemadaki çalışmaları ile tanınır. Eserleri ve çalışmaları Hem Tony hem de Oscarla ödüllendirildi. Harika performanslarını A Beautiful Mind, Alexander the Great, Beginners, All the Money in The World, ve The Man Who Invented Christmas gibi filmlerde izleyebilirsiniz.
14
Robert Loggia / 234 film
Robert Loggia, her tür yönetmen ve karakterle 200'den fazla filmde yer aldı. 1930'da Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde doğan Loggia, bir aktör olarak mesleğine her zaman açıktı ve Broadway'e ilk kez 1950'lerde başladı. Hayatının son yıllarında, Alzheimer'dan dolayı spot ışığından uzaklaşmasına rağmen Prizzi’s Honor, Scarface, ve Suspicion gibi filmleri, kendisine sinematografi tarihinde sağlam bir yer sağladı.
15
Christopher Lee / 282 film
2015 yılında 93 yaşında vefat eden İngiliz sanatçı, efsanevi kariyeri boyunca yaklaşık 300 filmde rol aldı. 1940'ların sonlarında Terence Young’ın filmi, Hall of Mirrors ve Shakespeare’in klasik eseri Hamlet'in 1948 uyarlamasında yardımcı oyuncu olarak çıkış yapmaya başladı. Oyunculuk kariyerinde, 1950'lerde ve 1960'larda Dracula, 1957'de Frankenstein, 1970'de Sherlock Holmes ve 2000lerde The Lord of the Rings gibi beğeni toplayan filmlerde rol aldı
16
Danny Trejo / 404 film
Meksika kökenli Amerikalı aktör, Hollywood film endüstrisinde, sadece 400'den fazla rolü için değil, yıldız olmadan önceki yaşam tarzı ile de tarih yazdı. Gençliği boyunca, Kaliforniya'da birkaç suç işledi ve bu da onu uzun bir hapis cezasına mahkum etti.
Sinemadaki kariyeri 1985 yılında Runaway Train filminde hükümlü olarak rol aldığı zaman başladı. Yıllar sonra, Animal Factory, Once Upon a Time in Mexico, ve The Devil’s Rejects filmlerinde rol aldı. Karakterleri her zaman kesici silah isimlerini taşır, bu yüzden takma adı Machete'dir.
17
James Hong / 439 film
Bu 91 yaşındaki Amerikalı aktör, şu anda 400'den fazla sayıdaki filmlerine rağmen hatırlanmasa da, 70 yıllık bir kariyere sahipti. 1950'lerde seslendirme sanatçısı olarak başladı ve daha sonra Kung-Fu dizilerinde rol aldı. 1970'lerde Diagnosis: Murder ve Chinatown gibi filmlerde parlamaya başladı. Ancak, daha sonra Blade Runner filmi ile bir kült yıldız oldu. O zamandan beri Friends ve Seinfeld gibi ünlü dizilerde rol aldı.
18
Eric Roberts / 577 film
1978'in sonlarında Roberts ilk çıkışını “En İyi Yeni Erkek Oyuncu” kategorisinde Altın Küre'ye aday gösterildiği King of the Gypsies'de yaptı. Kariyerinin zirve anlarından biri, 1983'te Star 80 filmindeki başrolüydü ve yine Altın Küre'ye aday gösterildi. 2 yıl sonra, Train from Hell rolü onu en tanınmış “en iyi yardımcı erkek oyuncu”lardan biri haline getirdi.
Aynı zamanda Julia Roberts'ın kardeşi ve Emma Roberts'ın babası olan aktör, bir röportajda, yılda 74 film çekmesine ve bugüne kadar tek bir iş teklifini bile reddetmemesine rağmen, oyunculuk tutkusunun hala ilk başladığı zamanlardaki gibi olduğunu söylemişti.
İlgili İçerikler
- Sanat uğruna olağanüstü fedakarlıklar yapan 15 oyuncu
- Gizli yeteneklerine çok şaşıracağınız 20 ünlü
- Doğru zamanda doğru yerde bulunarak şöhreti yakalayan 10 ünlü
- Şener Şen'in En Unutulmaz 10 Performansı
Yazarın Diğer Yazıları
- TikTok Hesabı Nasıl Doğrulanır?
- Gerçek Hayatta Hiç Olmayan ama Filmlerde Sürekli Gördüğümüz 20+ Şey
- Gerçek Hikayelerden Uyarlanan 9 Dokunaklı Film ve Yönetmenlerin Yaptığı Değişiklikler
- Görsel olarak büyüleyici 15 film
- Facebook Fotoğraflarınızı ve Videolarınızı Google Fotoğraflar'a Nasıl Aktarırsınız?<|endoftext|>به گزارش کودک پرس ، داریوش بیات نژاد در مراسم اختتامیه و تقدیر از فعالان این طرح گفت: با به عرصه آمدن تکنولوژی ها و رسانه های نوین تغییرات در عرصه فرهنگی و اجتماعی بسیار سریع شده و اگر دستگاه های فعال در این حوزه آمادگی نداشته و اقدامات لازم را انجام ندهند ممکن است آسیب های به وجود آماده بسیار بیشتر از فرصت ها باشد.
وی از آموزش و مشارکت ۱۵۲ نفر در طرح «مانا» خبر داد و افزود: در تابستان سال ۹۷ بصورت آزمایشی برای نوجوانان ۱۳ تا ۱۸ سال دختر و پسر و در ۱۰ پایگاه سلامت اجتماعی استان تهران(گروه های همیار محلی) با همکاری مدیران پایگاه و یک نفر تسهیلگر طرح در محدوده شهرستان های تهران، شمیرانات، قدس و شهریار با موفقیت اجرا شد.
مدیرکل بهزیستی استان تهران طرح مانا را بسیار اثرگذار ارزیابی کرد و گفت: با توجه به جمعیت و پیچیدگی های موجود در استان تهران امکانات و اعتبارات ویژه ای نیاز است که در ابعاد کمی و کیفی این طرح گسترش یابد.
وی با اشاره به اینکه تاثیر پذیری نوجوان
|
3 | 3 | 3 |
Dietetic Association.
Pros: Agave can score 17 (on a scale of 1 to 100) on the glycaemic index, which measures the rate at which a carbohydrate is absorbed into the bloodstream. However, its GI score fluctuates depending on the product application. Also, different brands of agave contain different amounts of fructose vs glucose. It is generally seen as being about 1.3 times as sweet as sugar.
Cons: It is lower on the GI index than sugar, but higher in calories and otherwise has no nutritional value.
Formulation tip: Great browning properties. A high freezing-point depression, which lowers the temperature at which something freezes, makes it excellent for ice cream.
Products served: Agave can be used in beverages as a straight-up sweetener. In all other applications, agave has other properties, from also being a humectant in bars to being a browning sugar in confectionery, baked goods and sauces.
Bonus: The fermented juice of the blue agave plant is used to create tequila.
What it is: Derived from sprouted brown rice fermented with enzymes to disintegrate the starch content, the syrup has a honeylike consistency and a mild flavour.
Pros: Mostly a complex carbohydrate, brown-rice syrup breaks down slower in the body than sugar and thus provides a steadier supply of energy. It also has fewer calories than sugar. "It's only 20 per cent as sweet as sugar, but it does have a better effect on your body," says Mona Morstein, ND, chairwoman of nutrition at Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine in Tempe, Arizona. "It has a nice mellow, almost vanilla flavour."
Cons: It is only slightly lower than sugar on the glycaemic index.
Formulation tip: It can be used like honey, molasses and other liquid sweeteners. In processed foods, brown-rice syrup gives a nice browning effect as well as superior binding capabilities, which can be useful in bars. It also contains added nutritional benefits from the rice, including protein and B vitamins. Depending on the enzymes used in the fermentation process, the brown-rice syrup can be made to be gluten free.
Products served: Cereals and bars. It can also be offered as a powder, which expands its potential applications.
1. Mennella JA, et al. Genetic and environmental determinants of bitter perception and sweet preferences. Pediatrics 2005 Feb;115(2):e216-22.
2. El-Sohemy A, et al. Nutrigenomics of taste - impact on food preferences and food production. Forum Nutr 2007;60:176-82.
3. Hayes JE, Duffy VB. Oral sensory phenotype identifies level of sugar and fat required for maximal liking. Physiol Behav 2008 Sep 3;95(1-2):77-87.
4. Palacios C, et al. Nutrition and health: guidelines for dental practitioners. Oral Dis 2009 Sep;15(6):369-81.
5. Browning L. "Makers of Artificial Sweeteners Go to Court," New York Times Business section, April 6, 2007.
6. Planas GM, Kucacute J. Contraceptive properties of Stevia rebaudiana. Science 1968 Nov 29;162(3857):1007.
7. Yodyingyuad V, Bunyawong S. Effect of stevioside on growth and reproduction. Hum Reprod. 1991 Jan;6(1):158-65.
8. Hsieh MH, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of oral stevioside in patients with mild essential hypertension: a two-year, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Clin Ther. 2003 Nov;25(11):2797-808.
9. Gregersen S, et al. Antihyperglycemic effects of stevioside in type 2 diabetic subjects. Metabolism. 2004 Jan;53(1):73-6.<|endoftext|>Yanına varınca cüzzamlı ve kör olduğunu farkeder. Yaralarına üşüşen karıncalar etlerini koparmaktadırlar. Başını kucağına alıp su verir. Genç kendine gelince "Sen de kimsin?" diye sızlanır, "Hem Rabbimle arama niye girdin?"
Aslında Bişr-i Hafi mükemmel bir tabibdir. Bitkileri ve baharatları çok iyi tanır ve onları ustalıkla kullanır. Otlardan köklerden mi, yoksa dualarının bereketiyle mi bilinmez, Allahü Teâlâ onun hastalarına şifa dağıtır.
Bir gün evine girerken tefekküre dalar. "Bağdat'ta bunca insan var günahıyla sevabıyla. Ben ne yaptım ki bu devlete kavuştum? Onlar neyi yapmadılar ki mahrum kaldılar?" Böyle düşünürken sabah ezanları okunmaya başlar ki o hâlâ eşiktedir.
Bişr-i Hafi ölümüne doğru birisinden ödünç gömlek alır ve kendi gömleğini bir fakire bağışlar. Hasılı ardından bir gömlek bile bırakmaz. O Bağdat'a geldikten sonra hayvanlar yerleri kirletmezler çünkü mübareğin yalınayak dolaştığını bilirler. Bağdatlılar hayvanların tekrar eskiye döndüklerini, yerlere pislediklerini farkedince "Eyvah" derler, "Bişr-i Hafi dünyasını değiştirmiş olmalı"
Bişr-i Hafi buyurdular ki
* İki şeyden kaçın: "Çok yemekten ve çok konuşmaktan"
* Sabır, Allah-ü teala'yı kullara şikayet etmemektir.
* Şöhreti seven Allah'tan korkmaz.
* Övülmekten hoşlanmak ahmaklıktır.<|endoftext|>- Policy Issues
- For the Media
- In the Classroom
- Know Nuclear
Any human endeavor produces waste, whether you cook a meal, drive a car, or wash your clothes. Any form of energy production creates waste too, whether we use coal, solar, wind, gas or nuclear energy. Waste is simply part of living, and the only way to deal with it, is to find solutions for the challenge.
In the nuclear science and technology industry, waste comes from different activities. It arises from the use of radioisotopes in medicine, in research, and in agriculture; it arises as a byproduct of the generation of electricity through nuclear fuels, from the use of sources in manufacturing processes and more.
DID YOU KNOW?
Making electricity in a nuclear power plant produces a small amount of high-level radioactive wastes. A lifetime supply of electricity for one person produces only a soda can size amount of such nuclear wastes.
Contrary to what some antinuclear activists would like you to believe, the nuclear industry has found a solution for its waste challenges. Radioactive wastes must be managed and disposed of properly. Federal agencies and some states control the risks that come with radioactive waste by setting limits and regulations that disposal facilities must follow. EPA is responsible for setting environmental standards that are used by other federal and state agencies in regulations for the disposal of radioactive waste.
In the U.S., radioactive waste is divided into three main types, classified according to their activity, their heat generation potential, and what they physically contain. These three main levels are low level waste (LLW), transuranic waste (TRU), and high level waste (HLW). For each of these types of waste, there is a specific disposal solution — above ground storage or shallow burial for low level waste and deep repository storage for transuranic and high level wastes.
In most other countries, nuclear waste is categorized as low level waste, intermediate level waste, and high level waste. The reason for this different classification system is that in the U.S. waste is classified based on where it comes from; in most other countries, waste is classified according to what the effects of the waste might be. In both classifications, low level waste represents about 90% of all radioactive waste.
Center for Nuclear Science and Technology Information of the American Nuclear Society
© Copyright 2014<|endoftext|>讲述关于密码的历史故事，众多数学和密码专家强烈推荐！
剖析古今中外的未解谜题，讲述关于密码的历史故事！
《圣经》不仅是文学经典，同时也包含许多历史记载！
陈都灵主演同名电影2017年11月24日上映！凶手竟然是逝去千年的法老！
带你重温古老的埃及爱情传奇！
探索人类与社会的前沿科学，美国《科学新闻》杂志精选！<|endoftext|>用放大镜才可看到电感线圈，在这种调谐电路中,用“路”分析时，而dc电流流经整个导体。还要考虑分布参数的影响。分布电容存在于二个导体之间、导体与元器件之间、导体与地之间或者元件之间？
这种微波压控振荡器完全可用路的概念来分析。发送如下信息：加群+射频+所在公司（或院校）既看不见又摸不着。上述分析说明：RF电路既可用路的概念分析问题,分布参数会影响接收机前端调谐电路。就可用路的概念来分析电路。在VHF和UHF频段,趋肤效应的影响很严重。形成了大于dc电阻的ac电阻。射频电路不同于其他电路,欢迎行业内朋友加入，
这是由于在较高的工作频率下,加群方法：长按二维码加群主好友，电路工作中的一些现象难于理解,引线电感,他与电路尺寸有关,分布参数则用“场”的概念来分析。有时。
根据分析,分布参数—分布电容与引线电感,或者说,RF频段是一种相对概念,随着频率的增加,术语“趋肤效应”是指这样一种事实：ac电流流经导体时趋向于导体外边部分,趋肤效应引起的最明显的影响就是引起信号传输途径中的损耗增加。RF频段介于集中参数频段与分布参数频段之间,有奖征文邀你分享！也称之为内部构成电感！
因此,需要可调整的电容。顾名思义是一种元件间连接导线的电感,18GHz是公认的微波频率,这样,结果,回顾我的2019，又可用分布参数概念—长线理论来分析,例如,但某公司就完全用集中参数构成了这频段的压控振荡器,电流密度分布从表面起到导体中心按指数规律迅速减小(图1-1),随着频率的升高,“原创奖励计划”来了！趋肤效应形成了一个较小的导流带,影响越来越大。事实上,但是,在RF时。
集中参数频段可用“路”的概念来分析,这些分布参数的影响在直流和低频时是不严重的。电路尺寸只要小于八分之一导波波长,荐：发原创得奖金，定义趋肤深度 为电流密度降到表面电流密度1/e=1/2.718=0.368处的临界深度。给RF电路分析带来了复杂性、双重性。分布参数在影响着这些电路。整个电路尺寸小于1mm。<|endoftext|>The Supreme Court decision in Saia v. New York, 334 U.S. 558 (1948), limited the discretion that a public official could exercise in regulating sound trucks on public property. Saia v. New York is important because it places limits on government officials’ regulations on speech even when the government appears to be furthering an ostensibly legitimate purpose.
The chief of police of Lockport, New York, vested by ordinance with the power to issue licenses, had denied Saia, a Jehovah’s Witness, renewal of a permit to use sound amplification devices at a public park, after park patrons complained about their use on earlier occasions.
Justice William O. Douglas wrote an opinion for five members of the Court. He argued that the regulation at issue imposed “a previous restraint on the right of free speech.” The statute was not “narrowly drawn” so as to prescribe appropriate standards limited to hours, places of use, or volume. The ordinance vested the chief with “uncontrolled discretion,” whereas freedom of speech should be given the same “preferred treatment” that the Court had given to freedom of religion, of the press, and of speech and assembly in other cases. By vesting the chief with the power to stop sounds that were annoying, it also granted him power to stop annoying ideas. It elevated him to the role of a censor.
In dissent, Justice Felix Frankfurter, joined by Justices Stanley F. Reed and Harold H. Burton, viewed the ordinance as a proper means of avoiding “aural aggression” that intruded into “cherished privacy” of “unwilling” listeners. Frankfurter saw no evidence that the police chief had acted arbitrarily. In a separate dissent, Justice Robert H. Jackson argued that if a city could, as the majority had indicated, control the level of decibels, it could prescribe them altogether. Citing McCollum v. Board of Education (1948), Jackson further denied that the fact that Saia was engaged in religious teaching gave him the right to appropriate public property for this use. Jackson believed that the Court was improperly acting like “a council of revision” by intruding into decisions that should be left to local communities.
In Kovacs v. Cooper (1949) the Supreme Court reiterated the right of towns to make reasonable time, place, and manner restrictions in regard to sound trucks in public streets.Send Feedback on this article<|endoftext|>Vikisöz:Twinkle
Twinkle, JavaScript ile yazılmış, Otomatik onaylanmış kullanıcılara yardımcı olmayı amaçlayan, vandalları rapor etmek, vandalları uyarmak, silme istediğinde bulunmak, değişiklikleri geri almak, kullanıcılara hoş geldiniz mesajı göndermek ve sayfalara şablon eklemek gibi birçok işlemi otomatikleştiren araçtır.
Kullanım[değiştir]
"Tercihlerim" bölümündeki "Küçük araçlar" sekmesinden Twinkle'ın yanındaki kutucuğu seçtikten sonra sayfayı kaydederek kullanmaya başlayabilirsiniz. Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari ve Opera ile sorunsuz çalışmaktadır. Twinkle, JavaScript temelli bir araç olduğundan kullanabilmek için tarayıcının JavaScript kodlarını çalıştırmasına izin veriyor olmanız gerekir.<|endoftext|>Mary Bankes non è un personaggio storico che possa definirsi “famoso”, ma la sua vicenda merita certamente un posto fra le imprese militari più coraggiose di tutti i tempi. Il contesto è quello della guerra civile inglese, e quel brevissimo periodo della storia d’Inghilterra durante il l’isola non fu un regno ma una Repubblica, guidata da Oliver Cromwell.
Sotto, il video racconto dell’articolo sul canale Youtube di Vanilla Magazine:
Durante questo periodo si crearono due fazioni principali: le “teste rotonde” (parlamentaristi), i sostenitori del potere del parlamento, e i “cavalieri” (realisti), fedeli al potere del Re. La castellana della nostra storia fa parte della seconda schiera, quella delle persone fedeli al Re Carlo I.
Sotto: un’illustrazione dell’assedio:
Il Castello di Corfe, nel Dorset, la parte dell’Inghilterra più a Sud di fronte al canale della Manica, era una fortezza sostanzialmente inespugnabile, nel punto più alto di una ripida collina di gesso. Il maniero fu venduto nel XVI secolo dalla Corona inglese dapprima al cancelliere Reale, per poi passare nelle mani di John Bankes all’inizio del XVII secolo, un realista con incarichi governativi. L’edificio era, a differenza delle precedenti precarie fortezze dell’Alto-Medioevo inglese, un solidissimo castello in pietra e marmo, costruito in dura roccia ed in grado di resistere a (quasi) qualsiasi attacco nemico.
Immagine via Wikimedia Commons – licenza CC BY-SA 3.0
Dopo un anno dall’inizio della Rivoluzione Inglese, nel 1643 il Dorset era pressoché interamente in mano alle truppe dei parlamentaristi, capeggiate da Oliver Cromwell, e la fortezza di Corfe era rimasta come ultimo baluardo per i fedeli a Carlo I di quella regione. Il marito di Mary, John, venne inviato dal Re Carlo I a York, e i figli maschi furono allontanati dal castello per paura di ritorsioni da parte della fazione avversaria. La castellana rimase quindi nel castello con le sei figlie, le serve e una forza militare di soli cinque uomini.
Nel Maggio del 1643 un manipolo di parlamentaristi compresi fra i 200 e i 300 uomini attaccò la fortezza, sotto il comando di Sir Walter Erle. L’assedio si rivelò infruttuoso nonostante la disparità di forze in campo (un gruppo di sole donne e cinque soldati contro centinaia di uomini armati), ma Mary Bankes riuscì ad ottenere entro qualche settimana i rinforzi di un gruppo di 80 uomini realisti, che si unirono al minuscolo contingente difensivo.
Immagine via Wikipedia – licenza CC BY-SA 2.0
In Giugno Erle ordinò l’attacco frontale contro la fortezza, contando sul maggior numero di uomini in campo, che nel frattempo erano diventati fra i 500 e i 600. Mary e il suo minuscolo gruppo si difesero con pietre e braci ardenti, riuscendo a respingere gli assalitori e uccidendo o ferendo circa 100 uomini. L’assedio andò avanti per qualche giorno finché altre truppe di realisti non giunsero a dar man forte agli assediati.
Infuriati nell’esser sconfitti da una donna, le teste rotonde prestarono un terribile giuramento: a meno che Lady Mary non si fosse arresa, avrebbero fatto strage di ogni uomo, donna o bambino all’interno della fortezza una volta superate le difese.
Lady Bankes, però, non si fece per nulla intimorire, continuando a difendere la fortezza con coraggio
La situazione di stallo durò sino al 1646, quando il Castello di Corfe era rimasto praticamente l’unico baluardo dei fedeli alla corona inglese.
Fu allora
|
3 | 4 | 0 |
.
As part of this toolkit you can also download the “Difficult-Decisions” in booklet layout (here); a stand-alone, editable MS Word Document containing “The Four-Step Tool” (here); and you can download the Orientation Slides (PowerPoint format from here Orientation Slides) to help you deliver a 3-hour orientation to your colleagues, and to implement the use of the guidance in your organisation.
You can download this 69 page document above. This resource is in English.<|endoftext|>A flight over the state of Oregon reveals a checker board of clear cut landscape however these scars are rarely seen when driving because large 'buffers' of vegetation are kept along most roads. While driving along the central Oregon coast, I pulled over and walked 20 meters off the road to find miles of clear cut landscape. After every tree on the hill is cut, the area is replanted with a single fast growing species. The result is a green slope lacking any significant biodiversity. Yes, timber is a resource. But clear cutting is not the answer. Selective cutting could utilize this resource without wreaking havoc on the environment.<|endoftext|>- 1 MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET POTATOES
- 2 BENEFITS OF SWEET POTATOES
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF SWEET POTATOES
BENEFITS OF SWEET POTATOES
Sweet potatoes are good for the skin
Sweet potato is one of the richest vegetable in tocopherol, an antioxidant vitamin that helps maintain healthy skin and improves wound healing.
Furthermore, because of its contribution in folic acid, is an ideal food in pregnancy, for a balanced diet and to prevent stretch marks during pregnancy.
In the image: sweet potato tubers (Ipomoea batatas)
There are also some folk remedies in which the plant leaves are crushed and mixed with an ointment, used to treat skin rashes.
Sweet potatoes are good for a better vision
Like all foods rich in vitamin A as carotene, sweet potato is a beneficial food for eye health. It is suitable in the diet for cataracts, glaucoma, night blindness and generally to help treat diseases of vision.
Sweet potatoes take care of your cardiovascular health
The flashy color of this tuber just announces its richness in antioxidants. Indeed, sweet potato is a valuable food for its richness in components as tocopherol, flavonoids and carotenoids that collaborate to improve cardiovascular health.
One study has evaluated the protective potential of this food on the heart and cholesterol levels. The results showed that the varieties of orange and purple flesh contain more antioxidants (anthocyanins), and that this food helps to improve the levels of “bad” cholesterol (LDL cholesterol).
For its benefits on the vascular system and the heart, the sweet potato has also shown potential antiatherogenic properties.
Main curative properties of sweet potato
Sweet potatoes to improve your memory
Because of its benefits to the circulatory system, this food improves cognition and helps improve memory. There is a scientific study in which some animals were fed with purple sweet potatoes (the reddest they are, the richest in antioxidant nutrients).
Because of the antioxidant effects and the blood flow improvement, this food improved the animal brain function.
These early results suggest that sweet potato can be a food in the diet suitable for Alzheimer’s disease and their introduction in cases of stress, people with memory loss and during exam periods.
Another medicinal properties of sweet potatoes
– Diabetes: Although, apparently, a food may seem inappropriate for diabetes because of its sweet taste, the fact is that sweet potato is a food beneficial in type II diabetes, as demonstrated by scientific studies. (More information)
– An antioxidant food: Sweet potato is rich in antioxidants (vitamins, minerals and flavonoids), which makes it a food with a lot of potential anti-aging values. This food is the main source of nutrition of Okinawa, a long-lived Japanese population living more than 100 years.
– For arthritis: Because of the content in anthocyanins (polyphenols) of varieties of purple and violet flesh, sweet potato is a beneficial food to help reduce inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
– Cancer: Its high content of tocopherol and beta-carotene make sweet potatoes a good remedy to boost the immune system and it is a protective food against breast cancer. Scientific studies have shown that women who eat foods rich in carotenoids have a lower risk of breast cancer.
In another study, conducted on animals, it was found that adding sweet potatoes in your diet reduced colon cancer lesions. Sweet potatoes have also shown anticancer properties against gallbladder cancer and kidney cancer.
A Japanese study which followed 47,997 men and 66,520 women for 10 years found that sweet potatoes are one of the most protective vegetables against kidney cancer
SWEET POTATO VIDEO
More information about sweet potato
15 June, 2023<|endoftext|>Basically battery comes with two polarities and in order for it to work correctly, users have to insert it in right position so that the battery charge can be sourced accordingly. While it seems to be quite simple to identify the correct polarity, but some devices may not have very clear instruction that can add to confusion. And that is how this innovative technology is useful for. Named as InstaLoad technology, it is a new battery installation technology introduced by Microsoft with intention to enable users placing the battery in any orientation as they prefer.
InstaLoad is claimed to purely based on mechanical design enhancement that include a set of positive and negative terminals at both ends, hence eliminating the need of special circuitry that may complicate the design with extra cost. And when contacted with correct PCB traces, proper electricity loop can be established. Some benefits are obvious and by having this technology in place, users no longer need to care about how the battery should be positioned, and instead, just put them as they would like it to be ready for use.
InstaLoad technology can be applied to any types of batteries such as AA, AAA, C or D types. No actual availability yet, but Microsoft starts to offer licensing for its Intellectual Property so its potential licensees can develop new prototype based on this brilliant concept targeted for commercial market in short future.<|endoftext|>易建联和诺亚在选秀大会前就相互认识，那时他们正在洛杉矶做选秀前的准备，还做过一段时间训练伙伴。从某种意义上来说，易建联拯救了诺亚，他们都拒绝了雄鹿的试训要求，如果雄鹿没有在第六顺位摘下易建联，去密尔沃基的很可能是诺亚。
这样一对同年新秀的首次交手，自然会成为人们津津乐道的话题，这场对话的结果是九号新秀诺亚更胜一筹。在23分钟上场时间里，诺亚为公牛贡献了6分、4个篮板球和4次助攻，公牛主帅斯基尔斯给了他全队第二多的表现机会，仅次于另一名新秀加德纳。
“这还是我第一次与易建联交手。”诺亚说，“在洛杉矶时我们只是一起训练，从来没打过对抗。易建联是个技术娴熟而全面的球员，我能在训练中看出这一点，我想他只是还不太熟悉新环境。当你在场上跑得上气不接下气，对手一边撞你一边对你说‘垃圾话’时，任何新秀都会有点应付不过来。”
诺亚和易建联的不同之处在于，他是NBA球员制造流水线上的产物，曾帮助佛罗里达大学鳄鱼连夺两届NCAA冠军，还有显赫的家世。这些不同让诺亚比易建联更容易适应首场NBA比赛，与后者的局促不安相比，他就像一个在联盟中征战多年的老将。易建联在场上遇到麻烦时，身边的队友给了他最大的支持，尤其是小前锋德斯蒙德·梅森不断鼓励他保持斗志。对一手将易建联带到雄鹿的总经理拉里·哈里斯而言，来自队友的热心帮助将是易建联顺利度过新秀年的重要依托。
“我发现易建联每次上场前，身边的队友总会叮嘱他几句。”哈里斯说，“他们希望让易建联明白上场后该做什么，把注意力集中在自己的职责上。我觉得易建联在这场比赛中还是表现出一些好的迹象，他在进攻中的位置感很强，脚下移动也很快。容易犯规是大多数新秀的通病，我相信这个问题最终会得到解决。”
来源：华奥星空<|endoftext|>Filmografia di Jorge Sánchez Gallo
Guatemala, anni '80. La Guerra Civile è al culmine. Andrés ha 9 anni e vive con Pedro González, uno degli uomini che hanno massacrato gli abitanti del suo villaggio. Andrés è sopravvissuto, ma ha paura. Anche María, la moglie di Pedro, ha paura, paura di perdere Andrés che ormai considera suo figlio. Pedro ha paura di se stesso e dell'esercito che serve. Andrés è diviso tra la voglia di fuggire e quella di restare nella sua nuova famiglia finché un giorno non ricompare la sorella.
Un gruppo di adolescenti difficili viene segregato dai genitori in un centro correzionale di dubbia legalità. Da una storia vera.
Manuel Coy è un marinaio in cerca di imbarco, costretto a restare a terra dalle circostanze. Il suo unico lusso è un bicchiere di gin 'bottiglia blu' ogni tanto. A un'asta di oggetti navali conosce Tanger Soto, un'impiegata del Museo navale di Madrid, interessata a una antica mappa nautica. Questa mappa potrebbe portare al ritrovamento del Dei gloria, un antico brigantino spagnolo affondato secoli prima con il suo carico di tesori. Affascinato dalla ragazza, l'uomo si lascia coinvolgere in una caccia al tesoro tra le acque del Mediterraneo. Ma Tanger e Manuel non sono gli unici interessati ...<|endoftext|>Inspiration and Inerrancy
The Bible is not only a record of the divine revelations given to the human race and of the Providence exercised by God in behalf of man, but it is a true and trustworthy account of God's revelation to man written down under the impulse and guidance of the Holy Spirit. In other words, the Bible is an inspired book. The word "inspiration" comes to us from the Vulgate which speaks of the Bible as "divinely inspired" and of the Sacred writers as "inspired by the Holy Ghost." St. Paul writes that "All scripture, inspired of God, is profitable to teach, to reprove, to correct to instruct in justice" (II Timothy 3:16). And St. Peter adds that "prophecy came not by the will of man at any time, but the holy men of God spoke, inspired by the Holy Ghost" (II Peter 1:21).
Inspiration in its strict sense denotes the supernatural influence of the Holy Ghost under which the Bible was written. In his Encyclical on Sacred Scripture Leo XIII writes: "By supernatural power He (the Holy Spirit) so moved and impelled them (the sacred writers) to write - He was so present to them - that the things which He ordered, and those only, they first rightly understood, then willed faithfully to write down, and finally expressed in apt words and with infallible truth."
I. Sacred Scripture yield the following data concerning the inspiration of the Biblical books:
1). Certain books or sections were written at the express command of God: "And the Lord said to Moses: Write thee these words by which I have made a covenant both with thee and with Israel" (Exodus 34:27). "And the Lord said to Moses: Write you this canticle, and teach the children of Israel; that they may know it by heart, and sing by mouth, and this song may be unto me for a testimony among the children of Israel" (Deuteronomy 31:19). "And it came to pass in the fourth year of Joakim the Son of Josias king of Juda, that this word came to Jeremias by the Lord, saying: Take thee a roll of a book, and thou shalt write in it all the words that I have spoken to thee against Israel and Juda, and against all the nations from the day that I spoke to thee, from the days of Josias even to this day" (Jeremias 36:1-3); the prophet Daniel recalls this incident when he writes that "The word of the Lord came to Jeremias the prophet" (9:2). St. John was bidden to "write in a book what thou seest" (Apocalypse 1:11).
2). In some instances the sacred character of a book is expressly affirmed. Thus God Himself in speaking to Josue teaches the sacred character of the Law written by Moses: "Let not the book of this law depart from thy mouth: but thou shalt meditate on it day and night, that thou mayest observe and do all things that are written in it" (Josue 1:5). The Psalmist tells us that the will of the just man is "in the law of the Lord, and on His law he shall meditate day and night (Psalm 1:2).
3). The Holy Spirit is said to have spoken through the mouth of the prophets: "The scripture must needs be fulfilled which the Holy Ghost spoke before by the mouth of David" (Acts 1:16). God spoke "by the Holy Ghost, by the mouth of Our father David" (Acts 4:25). "The Holy Ghost saith: Today if you shall hear his voice," etc. (Hebrews 3:7; Psalm 94).
4). The prophets are identified with Holy Scripture: "Paul a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God, which he had promised before, by his prophets, in the Holy Scriptures, concerning his Son" (Romans 1:1-3).
5). Scripture and God speaking are used interchangeably: "And the Scripture, foreseeing that God justifieth the Gentiles by faith, told unto Abraham before: In thee shall all nations be blessed" (Galatians 3:8). "The Lord spoke by the prophet" (Isaias) (Matthew 1:22).
6). Our Blessed Lord, the Apostle and other New Testament writers quoted the Old Testament as the word of God. Notice for example, the seventy quotations from the Old Testament in St. Matthew's Gospel, or the quotations used by Our Lord while he was being tempted by the devil (Luke 4).
II. Christian Tradition from the beginning believed in the divine origin of the Scriptures. St Augustine speaks of the Scriptures as "God's handwriting" and adds: "Letters have reached us from that city apart from which we are wandering; these letters are the Scriptures which exhort us to live well."
The Second Council of Constantinople added to the Nicene Creed the clause that the Holy Ghost "spoke through the prophets," thereby defining the inspiration of the sacred writers. The Vatican Council (1) defined that all the books of Scripture are sacred and canonical for the reason that, having been written under the inspiration of the Holy Ghost, they have God for their author.
The Encyclical "Providentissimus Deus," issued by Leo XIII in 1893 affirms that "It is absolutely wrong and forbidden, either to narrow inspiration to certain parts only of Holy Scripture, or to admit that the sacred writer has erred. The system of those who restrict inspiration to things of faith and morals cannot be tolerated. AU the books which the Church receives as sacred and canonical are written wholly and entirely, with all their parts, at the dictation of the Holy Ghost."
Nature of Inspiration
The Holy Spirit as principal author of Sacred Scripture influenced the sacred writer in three ways:
1. Illuminated the mind of the sacred writer. Under the enlightenment of the Holy Ghost the sacred writer formed a concept of what God wished him to write (history, prophecy, didactic literature) and of the single truths or facts which it was to contain. This illumination was not necessarily revelation since the sacred writer might have come to the knowledge of what was already revealed to others. But it enabled him to make correct use of his faculties, aided him in the gathering of materials, so that he correctly conceived in his mind all that God wished him to write.
2. Moved the will of the sacred writer. After the sacred writer had under inspiration formed in his mind an idea of the book and of its contents, the Holy Spirit moved the sacred writer's will to write freely, though infallibly, what God wished.
3. Aided the sacred writer in the work of composition. Finally, the Holy Spirit assisted the sacred author in carrying out his project, by watching over him and when necessary by positively directing him, lest he add or omit something and lest he fall into error. If certain writers made use of secretaries, and if these secretaries were instrumental in choosing the language and determining the mode of expression, they were inspired collaborators.
Principal and Instrumental Causes
Although God is the Author of the Bible, He did not write it with His own hand, neither did He create it out of nothing by His almighty word. He employed sacred writers and inspired them to write what he wished. Hence while God is the author of the Bible, the sacred writers, too, were authors in a sense of what they wrote.
This human authorship of Sacred Scripture has been recognized at all times, as is evident from the following three considerations: first, Our Lord and the Bible itself speak of the sacred writers as authors: "Moses spoke of Me," "Isaias said," etc.; second, Tradition from the very beginning spoke, for example, of St. Matthew's Gospel and of St. Paul's Epistles - expressions which recognize the human authorship of the Bible; third, each book is characterized by the language and style of the human author whose it is - facts which show that the sacred writer was not a passive tool of the Holy Ghost but really the author of his book.
Inerrancy is freedom from error. The inerrancy of Scripture is a consequence of its divine inspiration. Whatever the Bible teaches, God teaches, because God is the principal author of Scripture and His teaching is necessarily true.
We attribute this quality of inerrancy in the first place to the original Biblical books written by the pen of the sacred writers themselves, and, secondly to reproductions of the Bible, but only in so far as these agree with the original sacred books. Though all the original copies of the books of the Bible have long disappeared and though certain copies of the Bible may contain errors due to copyists, translators, editors, and printers, yet in most cases the true reading can be established with the aid of the old copies and versions.
This absolute inerrancy and authority of the Bible is taught by Sacred Scripture itself. Our Lord, the Apostles and Evangelists regarded any passage from Scripture as the word of God, as necessarily true, as final and supreme authority. They affirm that "Scripture cannot be broken" (John 10:35), that "one jot, or one title shall not pass of the law, till all be fulfilled
|
3 | 4 | 1 |
una dieta equilibrata, consumando fibre, esercitandosi regolarmente e assumendo abbastanza liquidi. Se vuoi saperne di più sulla salute dell'apparato digerente, chiedi al tuo medico direttamente sull'app per la salute della famiglia SehatQ. Scarica ora su App Store e Google Play .<|endoftext|>به گزارش آذر معاون اول رئیس جمهور اظهار داشت: من سال ۹۶ گفتم تورم را کاهش و اقتصاد را رونق می دهیم؛ درست است، اما به معنای آن است که این کارها را کرده ایم، مگر کسی در این خصوص تردید دارد؟
به گزارش آذر به نقل از مهر، اسحاق جهانگیری معاون اول رئیس جمهور بامداد امروز(چهارشنبه) در حاشیه جلسه هیات دولت و در جمع خبرنگاران با اشاره به برخی مطالب در فضای مجازی در مورد صحبت های خودش و وعده هایی که در گذشته داده بود، اظهار داشت: برخی در فضای مجازی قسمت هایی از سخنان من را در سال ۹۶ منتشر می کنند که من می گویم ما تورم را کاهش و اقتصاد را رونق می دهیم؛ درست است، اما به معنای آن است که این کارها را کرده ایم. مگر کسی در این خصوص تردید دارد؟
وی افزود: امروز شرایط دیگری برای کشور رقم خورده است و به علت حساسیت دشمن نمی توانیم آنرا باز نماییم و بگوییم چه اتفاقاتی افتاد و چه شد که ثبات و آرامشی که در اقتصاد کشور به وجود آمده بود، گرفتار تلاطم شد. این تلاطم و علل آن استدلال های قوی دارد که به علل رعایت حال مردم و شرایط کشور و جنگ اقتصادی که در آن قرار داریم نمی توانیم آنرا بیان نماییم.
معاون اول رئیس جمهور اظهار داشت: اقدامات دولت در شرایط جنگ اقتصادی اقدامات خوب و درستی بوده و قابل دفاع است و حامیان دولت نباید با دیدن برخی مشکلات خودشان را نسبت به کاری که انجام دادند کم تاثیر بدانند.
جهانگیری اضافه کرد: دولت با برنامه هایی که انجام داده شرایط بهتری را در اقتصاد و سیاست داخلی و خارجی به وجود خواهد آورد.
معاون اول رئیس جمهور در بخش دیگری از سخنان خود با اشاره به اقدام آمریکا در تحریم وزیر امور خارجه کشورمان و اینکه آیا این تحریم تاثیری در مسافرت وزیر امور خارجه جهت شرکت در مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل خواهد داشت، اظهار داشت: آمریکایی ها اقدام بسیار عجیبی انجام دادند، اقدام آنها از هرگونه عقلانیت و منطق به دور بود. آقای ظریف یک شخصیت بسیار فعال، دانشمند و اثرگذار در مجامع بین المللی است و همگان همچون خود ترامپ به نقش ارزشمند آقای ظریف اعتراف کرد. خود ترامپ می گوید زمانی که دیدم وزیر امور خارجه ایران با منطق و استدلال در مذاکرات صحبت می کند گفتم نیروهای آمریکایی حریف او نمی شوند.
وی افزود: حتی وزیر امور خارجه آمریکا از آقای ظریف بعنوان شخصی متین، مودب و دانشمند نام می برد، اینها نشان دهنده منطق جمهوری اسلامی است و کسانی که به دنبال گفتگو با جمهوری اسلامی باشند از راه وزارت خارجه و شخص وزیر باید اقدام نمایند و تحریم کردن آقای ظریف اقدام بسیار اشتباهی بود که دولت آمریکا انجام داد و این اقدامات نمی تواند جایگاه یک کشور بزرگ و قدرتمند مانند ایران را در سازمان ملل تضعیف کند.
جهانگیری تصریح کرد: آنها مجبور هستند حتی اگر شده به صورت موردی با ورود آقای ظریف در آمریکا جهت شرکت در مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل موافقت کنند. امیدوارم هیچ اخلالی در کار اعزام هیئت هایمان جهت شرکت در نشست سازمان ملل بخصوص وزیر خارجه به وجود نیاید. وی در مورد برگزاری انتخابات مجلس در سال جاری، اظهار داشت: با عنایت به شرایط سیاسی بین المللی و داخلی حضور مردم بسیار تعیین کننده است. تفاوت این انتخابات با انتخابات گذشته در این است که ما در یک مقطع خاص قرار داریم. معاون اول رئیس جمهور بیان کرد: فشارهای بین المللی شدیدی بر روی ما اعمال شده است و ما با راهبرد مقاومت در مقابل این فشارها از انسجام و وحدت داخلی برخورداریم. وی تصریح کرد: انسجام به معنای آن است که همه گروه های سیاسی شامل اصلاح طلب و اصولگرا که در فضای سیاسی کشور فعال می باشند، یک محیط مناسب را رقم بزنند. وزیر کشور جلسات را با گروه های سیاسی داشتند که ادامه دار خواهد بود و باید با شورای نگهبان و سایر نهادها هم هم رایزنی صورت گیرد و من امیدوارم زمینه یک انتخابات پرشور، که نیاز کشور است، فراهم گردد. معاون اول رئیس جمهور در مورد اختیارات و وظایف خود در دولت اظهار داشت: وضعیت ما در دولت خوب است. به هر حال اختلافات کارشناسی امکان دارد وجود داشته باشد، اختیارات من خوب است و راضی هستم. مسائل داخلی دولت از انسجام خوبی برخوردار می باشد. جهانگیری خاطرنشان کرد: رابطه من با آقای روحانی خیلی خوب است و خوشبختانه اختلافی ندارم. معاون اول رئیس جمهور درمورد نقش دولت در انتخابات اظهار داشت: یکی از راهبردهای مهم دولت در سال ۱۳۹۸ در کنار برنامه های اقتصادی و بین الملل در بخش سیاست داخلی، برگزاری یک انتخابات پرشور و مشارکت گسترده مردم است. وی تصریح کرد: انتخابات با حضور گسترده مردم این است که باید زمینه و حضور همه جریانات به وجود بیاید. معتقدم همه جریان ها باید کاندیدهای خودشان را داشته باشند و ما تلاش می نماییم چنین صحنه ای را در انتخابات کشور رقم بزنیم. جهانگیری در مورد برگزاری جلسه هیأت حل اختلاف بین دولت و مجلس بیان کرد: ما برای زمینه هایی که اختلاف وجود دارد راهکار داریم. هنگامی که اختلاف بین قوا وجود داشته باشد طبق قانون اساسی، مقام معظم رهبری که هماهنگ کننده بین قواست هیئتی را مشخص می کنند و آن هیئت اعلام نظر می کند. معاون اول رئیس جمهور اضافه کرد: رابطه دولت و مجلس مشکلی ندارد و اظهار نظر این شورا باید بگونه ای باشد که هم نظر مجلس و هم نظر دولت تأمین شود. جهانگیری در انتها در مورد گزارش سالیانه دولت به مجلس تصریح کرد: مشکلی نیست، دولت هر زمانی که می تواند و نیاز باشد و خودش تشخیص بدهد، به مجلس گزارش خواهد داد.<|endoftext|>For immediate release
January 27, 2017
WW1 America: Fast Facts 1914
America’s WW1 experience, both at home and abroad, informs the nation we live in today. Here’s a look at America in 1914:
- The country’s total population is 103 million (323 million today.)
- About one out of seven people is foreign-born (about the same today.)
- 90% of Americans are white (just over 62.6% are white today.)
- One-third of all Americans are younger than 15 (20% of all Americans are younger than 15 today.)
- The median age is 25 (the median age is nearly 40 today.)
- More Americans live in rural areas than in cities and towns (more than 80% of Americans reside in cities and suburbs today.)
- Women make up one-fifth of the paid workforce.
- Women have full voting rights in 11 states, mostly in the West.
- The average manufacturing job pays 53 cents an hour.
- The federal income tax—created by the 16th Amendment to the Constitution—has only been in effect since 1913. Just one in ten Americans pays any income tax.
- Fewer than one in four adults owns an automobile.
- About a third of American households have a telephone.
- There are 16 teams in Major League Baseball (not counting the segregated Negro Leagues.) The westernmost major league city is St. Louis, which supports two teams.<|endoftext|>Loading -Vivid Oranges
Does your child struggle with bad writing? Are you worried about your child getting stuck with this messy handwriting forever? Are you in search of actionable tips to improve your child’s handwriting?
Then you’re at the right place! Here through this article, we’ll talk about the importance of good handwriting, reasons for poor handwriting, and ways to fix bad handwriting in kids.
And before we begin, here is a note for all the parents out there. Writing is a fine motor skill, a skill your child masters once he learns to use smaller muscles in his hands. It is a complex task that requires coordination, focus, and precision. So, it is unfair to expect perfection from your child right from the start.
So instead of fretting over your child’s handwriting, be aware of the handwriting milestones your child should attain at different ages and guide him accordingly.
Let’s get to some basics before we zero in on ways to improve your child’s handwriting skills.
Why Is Good Handwriting Important?
With mobiles, tablets, and laptops becoming increasingly popular, it is quite natural to think if handwriting is still worth it. The boom in digital education with the advent of the pandemic is yet another reason to feel the same. Recent studies have shown that the new study habits have adversely affected the handwriting skills of children. So, it is unwise to neglect your child’s handwriting.
Handwriting aids your child to master hand-eye-brain coordination. It fine-tunes your child’s fine and gross motor skills. It also helps them think, form ideas cohesively, and memorise things they learn. Skipping on this important skill and depending on digital devices to make them learn writing can rob your child of holistic development.
Why Does Your Child Have Poor Handwriting?
It is important to know the reasons why your child is having poor handwriting to help him fix it. Even though it is unfair to expect perfect strokes of writing, highly illegible handwriting definitely needs some attention.
A child can have poor handwriting if he has trouble finding the right grasp, right posture, the proper way of forming letters, the correct size of letters, and right spacing. Sometimes, even the pencil your child uses can affect his handwriting. As parents, it is essential to identify your child’s weak areas to work on them.
7 Actionable Ways to Improve Your Child’s Handwriting
Now that you’re all geared up to bring that desired change in your kid’s handwriting, here are some ways to do it:
Have some patience because Rome wasn’t built in a day. Your child is young and he’s trying out something challenging. If he shows a dislike for writing, don’t consider it his laziness. Instead, make him understand why handwriting matters and show him your support by practicing with him.
Encourage your kid by cheering up for his little wins. Compliment him when he makes the right strokes, forms letters properly, or holds the pencil the right way. A healthy encouraging environment can bring wonders to your child.
Schedule a writing time and always encourage your kid to write during this time. When he starts writing at the same time every day, he’ll slowly get used to writing. And since more practice means more perfection, he’ll slowly develop the handwriting you wish your child had in the first place!
Make your child practice any other fine motor activity regularly before he writes. These activities enhance the fine motor skills of your child and prepare him to write better. Stringing beads, playing with building blocks, making shapes out of playdough or chapati dough, and folding clothes or papers are some of the activities that can be included.
Include some shoulder exercises during the scheduled writing time to strengthen the shoulder muscles of your kid. It also hones his gross motor skills. Practicing these exercises is a great way to make the learning process interesting and effective.
Some of the shoulder exercises you can make your child do include wall pushups, leopard crawls, hand pushups, and chair pushups. It is always best to demonstrate it to them to avoid any cases of ineffective positioning. You can also make your child watch videos of these exercises on the web and ask him to imitate if you’re unfit to do it along with them.
Kids learn best when they don’t realize that they’re learning. There’s no compulsion to begin your kid’s writing journey with a pencil and paper. If your child is between the age of 3 and 4, then start their writing journey with crayons. Once they get used to crayons, gradually shift to pencils. The vibrant colours of crayons attract kids and hence they’ll be more enthusiastic to practice writing.
Tracing letters on sand or air, writing with shaving cream, painting letters with hands are some other ways to make the whole activity more interesting. This way, children use all of their senses to comprehend what they are learning. Thus, they learn quickly and retain more.
Fixing and following a writing time is great. But what if your child is restless and disinterested? Forcing him isn’t an option as it would make him hate writing forever. In such cases, give your child a reason to write. Make him write grocery lists, to-do lists, or birthday letters. Make him aware that he is doing a favour for you and thank him for it.
Teaching the proper way to hold a pencil is crucial to improve your child’s penmanship. By the age of three, he should be able to hold the pencil with his thumb, index, and middle finger. This grasp is called static tripod grasp as the child controls his hand movements from his wrist and elbows.
From the age of 4, he will start developing the dynamic tripod grasp which is a modified form of static tripod grasp. In this grasp, the hand movements will be controlled by the fingers and not by the wrist and elbows. Dynamic tripod grasp is regarded as the most matured grasp as it offers more control and more speed with the least muscle effort.
Tripod grip crayons are great to encourage your kid to practice the right grasp from an early age. Shifting to pencils will be much easier once your kid learns the right grasp. Always make sure to use a particular brand of writing equipment when your child is starting to write. Changing brands often can cause him finger cramps and other discomforts. It can also result in inconsistent handwriting as the quality of pencils differs with brands.
Provide your child with a table, a chair, proper lighting, and encourage him to sit erect. The place and the way your child sits influence his handwriting. Discourage writing in beds, bean bags, and couches right from the start.
Start with tracing books and worksheets instead of overwhelming your kid with alphabets. Teach him to trace lines and dot-to-dots to help him master hand-eye coordination. Once he learns to draw straight lines, sleeping lines, and diagonal lines, slowly introduce him to four-lined alphabet tracing worksheets and books.
The directionality of letters is important. Give him extra practice in writing similar letters like ‘M and W’, ‘b and d’ and ‘I(capital I) and l(small L)’. Also ensure if his ‘bs’,’ ds’,’ gs’, and ‘fs’ are in the right direction, dots of small ‘I’ proper and ‘O and C’ are distinguishable.
There isn’t a proper age to know your child’s hand dominance. Some show it at an early age while others take as long as 6 years to figure out their dominant hand. As parents, the best thing you can do if your child is a lefty is to not force them to be a righty!
If your child is left-handed then always keep the left edge of his writing paper higher than the right one. This ensures a proper wrist position and makes the writing easier. Start his writing journey with left-friendly books and worksheets. You can find plenty of them online.
It is important to know that left-handed pencil grips and strokes are different from normal right-handed ones. If you notice your child forming letters like A, F, and J from right to left, then know that these kinds of cross strokes are normal.
What’s the most effective way to improve a child’s handwriting? It is practice. The more he practices, the better his handwriting. Make writing a part of your child’s daily routine. If your child is between the age of 3 and 4, always encourage him to scribble and draw.
If he’s familiar with letters and small words, exchange small notes with your child or encourage him to copy down snippets that interest them. Instead of focusing on the number of hours your child spends writing, focus on how you can effectively teach them.
Enrolling in a preschool is another great way to ensure your child practices handwriting. Pre-school teachers are professionally trained to aid your child in developing good handwriting. Preschool activities fine-tune your child’s fine motor skills and helps him ace his handwriting skills.
While there’s no doubt about the effectiveness of these tips, the ultimate result always depends upon your attitude towards your child. Patience, practice, and encouragement are indeed the magic words in this case. So provide your child the right environment to flourish and watch him grow!
Vivid Oranges is an online preschool working to bring significant changes in online-based learning by doing extensive research for course curriculum preparation, student engagements, and looking forward to the flexible education!
© 2022 Vivid Oranges Online Playschool. All Rights Reserved<|endoftext|>Avete presente Piazza Duomo a Milano? Gli splendidi portici che da lì, in modo quasi lineare, ti portano fra una vetrina e l’altra in Piazza San Babila?
Ecco, sotto i portici, una volta, c’era un grande spazio Auto Grill dove, in giovane età, mi rifugiavo per una merenda veloce o per due chiacchiere con gli amici.
Proprio in quel punto, dal 1 Maggio 2015, è nato qualcosa di nuovo, qualcosa di meraviglioso: Il Mercato del Duomo.<|endoftext|>纸是一种比较脆弱的材质，存在硬度小，遇水容易烂、容易破裂等特点，所以纸张是十分怕水的。但是在古代历史上，大部分的窗户却都是纸糊的，对于这些纸糊的窗户很容易就被戳破，所以古语所云"捅破窗户纸"。那么问题来了，如果到了下雨天，这些纸糊的窗户该如何遮风挡雨呢？
纸术的发明是在汉朝，由于技术的不成熟，所以纸张还是只有少数人才用得起，到了魏晋南北朝时，纸张才开始流传起来，平常老百姓也用得上纸了，刚开始，古代是没有窗户的，直到后来为了采光和通风，这才开凿出了窗户。
对于古代历史上的窗户，窗户往往会内陷很深，留有不小的窗台，所以雨水就不会轻易的冲刷到窗户纸。虽然这个设计十分的奇妙，但是也挡不住风雨交加的冲刷，于是古人们就把纸放在油里浸泡，浸泡过后的纸张不仅不怕水，而且还增加了窗户的明亮度，所以才有了油纸伞这种东西。<|endoftext|>NEW LONDON, Mo.– Spring is here, but parts of Missouri still aren’t through with winter weather.
A University of Missouri Extension livestock specialist notes that snow makes it harder for animals to find available forage, and cold weather increases their nutrient needs.
“They are going to need to be able to consume higher-quality forage to make up for the less available forage they can find,” said Daniel Mallory.
“Having more forage available at the beginning is always an option if producers know a storm is coming,” Mallory said. “They can put out extra hay in case they aren’t able to get out the next day. Otherwise
|
3 | 4 | 2 |
开发房地产的企业应到日照市房地产管理局登记备案并取得该局颁发的商品房预售许可证明）。此规定的目的在于将房地产预售的活动置于政府房地产管理部门的监督之下，从而保证商品房预售的合法性。 二、了解商品房预售合同基本的内容 1、主体。即房地产开发企业和购房人，应写明双方的名称地址等。 2、预售的商品房的基本情况。预售合同应明确记载预售的商品房的所在地区、座落、土地使用权证号、土地使用权取得方式、土地使用性质、建设工程规划许可证号、商品房预售许可证号、房屋建筑面积、房屋结构、房屋竣工交付日期及附房屋平面图等。 3、面积。预售商品房的面积应以平方米为单位计算，并明确是建筑面积、使用面积还是其他面积。 4、价款。即预售商品房的价金，包括单价和总价，如每平方米多少元。我国《城市房地产管理法》虽然对商品房预售的条件和程序进行了规定，但对预售款实收的数额和期限却没有统一的规定，当事人应在合同中明确。 5、房屋交付方式和期限。逾期交房的免则条件。例如合同中可以约定由于一定的自然事件，如地震、洪水、恶劣天气的影响，房地产开发企业的交房期限可以合理顺延。 6、房屋使用性质。是住宅用房、办公用房还是生产用房或其他。 7、违约责任。包括购房一方不能依约支付价款的责任和预售方不能按时、按质、按量交房的责任。 8、房地产权属登记义务。 9、物业管理条款。 10、纠纷解决方式。如选择诉讼还是仲裁。 11、其他条款或当事人约定的条款。 下面说说购买现房应注意的事项： 一、注意房地产开发企业出售商品房的条件 2001年4月4日，建设部发布了《商品房销售管理办法》该办法自当年6月1日起正式施行。规定房地产开发企业现售商品房应具备下列条件： （一）现售商品房的房地产开发企业应当具备企业法人营业执照和房地产开发企业资质证书； （二）取得土地使用权证书或者使用土地的批准文件； （三）持有建设工程规划许可证和施工许可证； （四）已通过竣工验收； （五）拆迁安置已经落实； （六）供水、供电、供热、燃气、通讯等配套基础设施具备交付使用条件，其他配套基础设施和公共设施具备交付使用条件或者已确定施工进度和交付日期； （七）物业管理方案已经落实。 不符合商品房销售条件的，房地产开发企业不得销售商品房，不得向买受人收取任何预订款性质费用。 房地产开发企业不得采取返本销售或者变相返本销售的方式销售商品房；也不得采取售后包租或者变相售后包租的方式销售未竣工商品房。 符合商品房销售条件的，房地产开发企业在订立商品房买卖合同之前向买受人收取预订款性质费用的，订立商品房买卖合同时，所收费用应当抵作房价款；当事人未能订立商品房买卖合同的，房地产开发企业应当向买受人返还所收费用。 二、了解商品房买卖合同中应当明确的内容 （一）当事人名称或者姓名和住所; （二）商品房基本情况； （三）商品房销售方式； （四）商品房价款的确定方式及总价款、付款方式、付款时间； （五）交付使用条件及日期； （六）装饰、设备标准承诺； （七）供水、供电、供热、燃气、通讯、道路、绿化等配套基础设施和公共设施的交付承诺和有关权益、责任； （八）公共配套建筑的产权归属； （九）面积差异的处理方式； （十）办理产权登记有关事宜； （十一）解决争议的方法； （十二）违约责任； （十三）双方约定的其他事项。 按套内建筑面积或者建筑面积计价的，当事人应当在合同中载明合同约定面积与产权登记面积发生误差的处理方式。合同未约定的按以下处理原则处理： 1、面积误差比绝对值在3%以内（含3%），据实结算房价款； 2、面积误差比绝对值超出3% 时，买受人有权退房。买受人退房的，房地产开发企业应当在买受人提出退房之日起30日内将买受人已付房价款退还给买受人，同时支付已付房价款利息。买受人不退房的，产权登记面积大于合同约定面积时，面积误差比在3%以内（含3%）部分的房价款由买受人补足；超出3%部分的房价款由房地产开发企业承担，产权归买受人。产权登记面积小于合同约定面积时，面积误差比绝对值在3%以内（含3%）部分的房价款由房地产开发企业返还买受人；绝对值超出3%部分的房价款由房地产开发企业双倍返还买受人。 最后还要注意以下同方面： 一是开发商的五证二书,这是最重要的. 一个合法正规的房地产开发商，必须具备齐全的“五证”、“二书”。所谓“五证”，是指《国有土地使用权证》、《建设用地规划许可证》、《建设工程规划许可证》、《建设工程施工许可证》（也叫建设工程开工证）、《商品房销售预售许可证》；“二书”是指《住宅质量保证书》和《住宅使用说明书》，这也是法律对销售方的基本要求。分别由房管局国土资源局建设局规划局主管. 二是注意合同在双方的权利和责任方面的公平原则.对合同不清楚或存疑问的地方搞清楚以后才签字. 三是你说的最小面积108平方一般不构成问题,因为两个70%的规定是地区的总体结构,不针对每个开发商. 四是交房时,先验房后办手续 一看房子质量 二查“两书一表” 三签《房屋验收单》 办理入住手续是收楼的正常程序，但目前发展商能让买家先验房后办手续的并不多。通常的做法是让业主先在收楼文件上签字，再发批准条，让业主到物业管理处去拿钥匙。等业主进得房去，发现存在问题，申诉起来也软弱无力。为避免出现这种情况，业主应坚持先验房、后办理手续，并应将验房时发现的房屋质量、室内有害气体超标、公摊不公等问题书面呈递给开发商并让其签收，以免留下后患。或者可在收楼文件上注明“室内情况尚不清楚”或“楼房状况未明”等字样。 对所购商品房进行验收主要应注意以下几点： 第一、详细检查房屋质量，包括墙壁、门窗、阳台等部位有无开裂现象； 第二、核对买卖合同上注明的设施、设备等是否有遗漏，品牌、数量是否相符； 第三、检查水、电、天然气、上下水管道等是否开通和能否正常使用； 第四、检查是否有规划、设计变更或小区缩水等问题； 第五、检查相关质量问题及室内有害气体超标等问题； 第六、对发现的问题要在验楼单上予以注明，如果确实属于不能收楼的，要详细写明不予收楼的原因并要求开发商签字、盖章。 索要“两书一表” 向开发商索要《住宅质量保证书》和《住宅使用说明书》，以便日后出现质量问题时按约维修。 《住宅质量保证书》是开发商针对房屋质量及保修期限、范围作出的承诺。而《住宅使用说明书》则是针对房屋设计、施工及验收中的具体技术指标，如抗震指数、墙体结构类型等作出的相关说明。目前我国的房地产业在《住宅质量保证书》和《住宅使用说明书》上已形成大体统一的规范，问题比较少；而目前问题比较多的主要是《竣工验收备案表》。 按照有关规定，《竣工验收备案表》上的每一项都必须报主管部门备案。您验房时不能只看开发商有没有这张《备案表》，同时一定要仔细察看各个分项有没有都备案，例如消防设施等。《竣工验收备案表》对房地产商有着严格的约束作用，只要将项目送交主管部门备案后，发展商就必须对楼盘终生负责，出了问题，如果是发展商的过失，可以追究其责任。 签收《房屋验收单》 在您查看了房产后并准备签收《房屋验收单》之前，您一定先签订《物业管理公约》，做一个事先约定，避免日后起纠纷。您要清楚以后所要交纳的物业管理费到底由哪些方面构成，清洁费、保安费、绿化费怎么核定，做到明明白白。同时，考察一下您的小区物业管理公司的资质，是否具备您要求的管理标准。 其后，还要了解您所买的物业公摊面积有多少，您要让开发商出具北京市房屋土地管理局或区局直属测绘队出具的《竣工实测表》，做到心知肚明。在基本程序全部完成之后，您就可以签收《房屋验收单》了。 （一）买商品房需要交的税： 1、契税，购房总价的3-5%（不同的省市自治区税率不同），普通商品住宅减半，即1.5-2.5%。 2、印花税，购房总价的0.05% （二）基金： 1、房屋维修基金，购房总价的2-3%，大多数地方是2% 2、副食品价格调节基金,2元/平方米，有些地方不用 （三）规费 1、交易费 ，购房总价的0.5% 买卖双方各交0.25%，（住宅3元/平方米，由开发商交，购房者不用交） 2、《房屋所有权证》工本费 ， 各地不一样，但是都不超过100元 3、《土地使用权证》工本费， 各地不一样，但是都不超过100元 （四）如果按揭，还要发生以下费用 1、评估费，购房总价的0.2-0．5% 2、保险费 ，购房总价乘以贷款年限乘以0.1%乘以50% 3、公证费，贷款额乘以0.03% 4、抵押登记费，100元
如开发商五证具全.信誉好.期房可以买.应该很便宜.
如果卖方的村子同意买方落户于本村，那就可以买卖，但是卖方不得再次申请宅基地了，买方也不给宅基地。
你好！ 按套内建筑面积或者建筑面积计价的，当事人应当在合同中载明合同约定面积与产权登记面积发生误差的处理方式。 合同未作约定的，按以下原则处理： （一）面积误差比绝对值在3％以内（含3％）的，据实结算房价款； （二）面积误差比绝对值超出3％时，买受人有权退房。买受人退房的，房地产开发企业应当在买受人提出退房之日起30日内将买受人已付房价款退还给买受人，同时支付已付房价款利息。买受人不退房的，产权登记面积大于合同约定面积时，面积误差比在3％以内（含3％）部分的房价款由买受人补足；超出3％部分的房价款由房地产开发企业承担，产权归买受人。产权登记面积小于合同约定面积时，面积误差比绝对值在3％以内（含3％）部分的房价款由房地产开发企业返还买受人；绝对值超出3％部分的房价款由房地产开发企业双倍返还买受人。 产权登记面积－合同约定面积 面积误差比＝───────────── ×100% 合同约定面积
你好！ 这就是所谓“小产权”房，国家反复强调城镇居民不能买，买了不受法律保护！
乐观来说～！可能是开发商～的一种商业手段～！如果毫无以外，到交房日期，开发商也会预期交房的！ 但是最好到房管局查询一下！
这不好说，你说的是不是“小产权房”，就是村镇房屋产权证，按土地管理法，集体所有的土地所有权是不能转让的。
婚后购房，可用配偶的住房公积金办理贷款。凭户口簿、结婚证、身份证原件和复印件，带上购房合同(开发商已办预售证的普通住宅)、首付款收据、收入证明等，去公积金中心和承办银行办理审批贷款手续。
一、房屋买卖合同无效的情形。除了适用我国《民法通则》、《合同法》等一般法规定的合同无效的情形外，根据我国《城市房地产管理法》、《土地管理法》、最高人民法院相关司法解释、建设部相关规定等法律法规的规定，下列几种情形也可导致房屋买卖合同的无效： （一）房屋与土地分开转让的。（二）侵犯优先购买权的。三）因欺诈而转让商品房的。（四）商品房预售违法的。（五）在商品房转让过程中，涉及到土地使用权转让违法的。（六）其他的法律法规的强制性规定禁止转让的。 房屋买卖合同无效的法律后果 无效的房屋买卖合同自成立时起就没有法律效力，任何人在任何时候都可以主张该合同无效。该无效合同自成立时起即无效，具有溯及力。无效的房屋买卖合同房屋买卖由人民法院、仲裁机关确认。房屋买卖合同被宣告无效后，将产生以下法律后果： （一）出卖人返还房屋价款，买受人返还房屋，涉及到房屋因买受人装修增值部分出卖可适当给予补偿。 （二）有过错的一方应赔偿对方因此所受到的损失，双方都有过错的，应当各自承担相应的责任。 （三）在商品房买卖过程中，如涉及到开发商恶意行为而导致合同无效，则开商有可能支付已付购房款一倍金额的惩罚性赔偿责任。 （四）因双方恶意串通，损害国家、集体利益和第三人权益的，应当收缴双方财产，归国家所有或返还给第三人。 （五）涉及到违法犯罪行为的，则应受到行政或刑事处罚。
如果开发商已经取得销售许可，你交的就是定金。如果你的原因不买了，就是你违约，定金不退。
这是房管局测绘队测的，我买房是也遇到这个情况，钱肯定要交的，但看你买的房子多少平米，只允许误差3%，假如你的房子80平米，你只需补交2。4平米的房款就可以了！
有风险，查清开发商是否真实，签完合同，备完案再给钱，减少风险。可查看开发商证件。并且只和开发商签合同不他第三人签。
按现转让价减房产原值的差额，再减除转让过程中缴纳的税金及有关合理费用后的余额计算，税率是20% 其房产原值分别为： 房屋拆迁取得货币补偿后购置房屋的，为购置该房屋实际支付的房价款及交纳的相关税费； 房屋拆迁采取产权调换方式的，所调换房屋原值为《房屋拆迁补偿安置协议》注明的价款及交纳的相关税费； 房屋拆迁采取产权调换方式，被拆迁人除取得所调换房屋，又取得部分货币补偿的，所调换房屋原值为《房屋拆迁补偿安置协议》注明的价款和交纳的相关税费，减去货币补偿后的余额； 房屋拆迁采取产权调换方式，被拆迁人取得所调换房屋，又支付部分货币的，所调换房屋原值为《房屋拆迁补偿安置协议》注明的价款，加上所支付的货币及交纳的相关税费。 不能提供原购房价格，从而不能准确计算转让所得的，由税务机关核定征收。 个人转让除房改房外的其他住房，须同时满足自用5年以上和家庭唯一生活用房（需提供房地产登记中心出具的该个人夫妻双方以及户籍登记的未成年子女的所有房产情况查询结果证明）两个条件，方可免征个人所得税。
你的问题似乎比较复杂，粗略的看来，似乎三
|
3 | 4 | 3 |
catena di approvvigionamento globale.
In una dichiarazione, il presidente e amministratore delegato di Hitachi CM, Kotaro Hirano, ha affermato che la società "aumenterà in sequenza i prezzi di vendita di tutti i prodotti di macchine edili per il mercato globale".
Un aumento dei prezzi dell'8% per tutti i macchinari da costruzione e da miniera per il 2023, segue l'attuazione di una revisione dei prezzi per il 2022.
Hitachi ha affermato di aver compiuto sforzi nelle attività di riduzione dei costi per evitare tale azione, ma ha concluso che "l'impatto di ulteriori aumenti dei costi nel mercato globale va oltre la portata degli sforzi aziendali per affrontarlo".<|endoftext|>西魏八大柱国分别是宇文泰(李世民曾外祖父)，元欣，李虎（李渊祖父），李弼（李密曾祖父），赵贵，于谨，独孤信（杨坚岳父），侯莫陈崇，他们创造了西魏,北周,隋,唐四个朝代的辉煌历史，他们延续了中国古代贵族的寿命，将中国封建社会推到了顶端。
宇文泰是南北朝时期大名鼎鼎的一位军事家、政治家，他生于乱世，于乱世中成为枭雄，创建的功业深深影响了几百年中国历史的走向。
宇文泰参与六镇起义，后起义失败遂于尔朱荣麾下。534年，宇文泰众望所归进据长安。同年宇文泰杀死孝武帝，推元宝炬登上皇位，称为西魏。元宝炬登上皇位成为西魏文帝，这是一个傀儡皇帝，实权都掌握在宇文泰手中。
西魏建立，宇文泰掌握实权，专制时间长达20年之久。556年，宇文泰在北巡的时候患了重病，自己深知活不了多久于是就唤来自己的儿子宇文护，将国家交给了宇文护后就去世了，享年50岁。
宇文泰是一个好领导，其掌权期间做出了很大的贡献。宇文泰从政治，经济思想等各个方面进行了一系列的改革。宇文泰在政治上主张以德教化，法治只是作为辅助，所有官员徐要修身，在用人方面坚持德才兼备为中心，并不在意其出身。宇文泰还是一个善于纳谏之人，他听从别人的意见，有则改之无责加冕。
在国家法律上，主张皇子犯法与庶民同罪，从而公平化，还下令废除了酷刑，法律人性化。宇文泰政治官吏，严打贪污受贿的现象。
经济方面，宇文泰大力发展农业，奖励耕值，恢复均田制，大力发展农业，从而带动了经济。
外交方面，宇文泰和周边国家和亲，建立友好邦交。
西魏八大柱国分别是宇文泰(李世民曾外祖父)，元欣，李虎（李渊祖父），李弼（李密曾祖父），赵贵，于谨，独孤信（杨坚岳父），侯莫陈崇，他们创造了西魏,北周,隋,唐四个朝代的辉煌历史，他们延续了中国古代贵族的寿命，将中国封建社会推到了顶端。
元欣乃北魏广陵王元羽之子，性格粗忽、好鹰犬。北魏孝明帝初年，任通直散骑常侍、北中郎将。后出任冠军将军、荆州刺史。转任征虏将军、齐州刺史。元欣治二州，官民协力称赞。后任征东将军、太仆卿。528年5月，尚书右仆射元罗为东道大使，元欣为副使。6月，高干邕在齐州归降。
9月，封沛郡王。531年3月，改封淮阳王，太傅、司州牧。532年，加太师、开府。7月、继承父亲的广陵王之位。533年7月，为大司马、侍中。534年5月，任左军大都督。8月，跟从北魏孝武帝入关中。534年1月，为太傅、録尚书事。西魏宗室中官位最高者，广平王元赞以下诸王，高规格礼遇元欣。537年5月，任太宰、大宗师，进大冢宰、中军大都督。又为柱国大将军，八柱国之一。548年5月，为太傅，后进封司徒。554年，为大丞相，死后谥号容。
西魏八大柱国分别是宇文泰(李世民曾外祖父)，元欣，李虎（李渊祖父），李弼（李密曾祖父），赵贵，于谨，独孤信（杨坚岳父），侯莫陈崇，他们创造了西魏,北周,隋,唐四个朝代的辉煌历史，他们延续了中国古代贵族的寿命，将中国封建社会推到了顶端。
李虎祖籍陇西成纪（今甘肃秦安），是十六国时期西凉开国君主李暠（一作李皓）五世孙。李暠生李歆，是西凉第二任君主，史称西凉后主。李歆生李重耳，李重耳在西凉灭亡后，出仕北魏，官至弘农太守。李重耳生李熙，官至金门镇将，曾率领豪杰镇守武川（今内蒙古武川县），因而在武川定居安家。李熙生李天锡（一作李天赐），官至宿卫统兵的武官幢主。李天锡即李虎的父亲。
唐朝编纂的史书记载：今之称门阀者，咸推八柱国家，当时荣盛，莫与为比。他年少时风流倜傥，志向远大，喜爱读书却不善于死背章句，更喜欢骑马射箭，广交朋友，由于家境还不错，对于钱财这身外之物看的也很轻，乐善好施，拥有这种品质即是可造之才，后来在同乡兼前辈、大都督贺拔岳手下做事时深受重用。
李弼（494年－557年），字景和，陇西成纪人，本籍辽东襄平（今辽宁辽阳），南北朝时期北魏、西魏、北周将领，八柱国之一。李弼少时远大抱负，体力过人。永安元年（528年），为尔朱天光的别将，随尔朱天光西征，因功升任征虏将军，又与贺拔岳讨败万俟丑奴。作战时，李弼总是冲锋陷阵，所向无敌。尔朱天光前去洛阳，李弼隶属侯莫陈悦，任大都督。
永熙三年（534年），投靠宇文泰，任秦州刺史。后随宇文泰击败窦泰、收复弘农，征战沙苑，又与贺拔胜攻克河东，平定汾州、绛州。大统十四年（548年），平定北稽胡的反叛，官升太保，加柱国大将军衔。北周明帝元年（557年）去世，享年六十四岁，谥号武，追封为魏国公，附祭于太祖庙庭。
赵贵字元贵，天水南安人，在战乱中逃亡到中山，被逼加入葛荣军，葛荣战败后投入尔朱荣麾下，后又跟随贺拔岳平定关中，以军功做到了镇北将军。侯莫陈悦杀死贺拔岳之后，赵贵诈降于侯莫陈崇，骗取其信任后为贺拔岳收尸，随后出奔平凉，拥立宇文泰为主帅。平定关中后赵贵又参加了宇文泰与高欢在河桥、玉璧、邙山的激战，而后在广武大败柔然，斩首数千。
“寻拜柱国大将军，”“孝闵帝践阼，迁太傅、大冢宰，进封楚国公，邑万户。”宇文泰死后，宇文护辅政，而赵贵自认为当年于宇文泰平起平坐，而今却要居于宇文护之下，甚为不平，于是与独孤信密谋杀掉宇文护，但在即将动手之前被独孤信制止，随后为开府宇文盛告发，赵贵因此被宇文护诛杀。赵贵初期以德智而成其功名。
于谨字思敬，河南洛阳人，早年以才名著称一时。与其它人不大相同的是于谨出身于北魏正规军，在镇压边镇大暴动出谋画策，立下大功，被魏帝封为积射将军，后一度位至北魏征北大将军，但他在尔朱天光与高欢之争中站在尔朱一边，不久尔朱大败，于谨逃入关中，向宇文泰献称霸关中之策。随后，于谨跟随宇文泰参加了诸次战役，并带领大将军杨忠攻下了梁都江陵。
“俄拜司空，增邑四百户。十五年，进位柱国大将军。”宇文泰死后，宇文护受命辅政，而于谨在大多数人迟疑之际，说服大家服从宇文护的权威，化解了分裂倾向。后来北周尊三老，于谨即为三老之一，可见其威望之高。总的来看，于谨在八柱国中以谋略为优，凡宇文泰以后大方向战略的制定都有于谨的参与，而于谨也是以其谋略保自身功名在数次换主时不失。于谨诸子在周隋间皆位重一时，而又以于翼为最，其地位在北周与于谨类似，周武帝继位前于翼甚至受先帝托孤，周武帝灭齐时于翼领一军独当一面，灭齐后又主持了长城的修补。最后在杨坚代周之时，于翼与李穆一样起到了影响全局的作用，因而于氏在于谨死后历周隋两朝更显其盛。
独孤信容貌仪表俊美，善于骑马射箭。初为葛荣部下，葛荣失败后，投归尔朱荣。随孝武帝西行，授爵浮阳郡公。西魏建立后，独孤信任卫大将军、都督三荆州诸军事、大都督、荆州刺史等职，用以招抚被东魏所占据的荆州的百姓。之后大败东魏弘农郡守田八能、都督张齐民、刺史辛纂，于是平定三荆。不久，东魏又派高敖曹、侯景等率军突至。独孤信认为敌众我寡，率部逃到南梁，在南梁居住了三年。大统三年（537年）才回到长安。他认为自己的行为有损国威，便上书请求治罪，得到了西魏文帝元宝炬的宽宥，任命为骠骑大将军，加侍中、开府衔，使持节、仪同三司和浮阳郡公的官爵照旧。
后随丞相宇文泰收复弘农，攻克沙苑。率军与冯翊王元季海进入洛阳。颍、豫、襄、广、陈留等地相继诚心归附。大统六年（540年），东魏侯景侵犯荆州，宇文泰命其与李弼出兵，侯景撤军后，独孤信担任大使，抚慰三荆。北周建立后，升任太保、大宗伯，晋封卫国公，食邑一万户。赵贵被处死后，独孤信以同谋罪被免职。不久，被晋公宇文护逼迫在家中自尽，时年五十五岁。
侯莫陈崇字尚乐，代郡武川人，其祖先出自鲜卑别部。自十五岁起侯莫陈崇便随贺拔岳征讨葛荣、邢杲、元颢，在征讨万俟丑奴时，侯莫陈崇单骑冲入敌阵，于马上生擒万俟丑奴，因功被封安北将军。贺拔岳死后侯莫陈崇归入宇文泰麾下，随后“三年，从擒窦泰，复弘农，破沙苑，增邑二千户。四年，从战河桥，崇功居多。七年，稽胡反，崇率僸讨平之。”
“十五年，进位柱国大将军，转少傅。孝闵帝践阼，进封梁国公，邑万户，加太保。历大宗伯、大司徒”，在宇文护掌权时因说出晋公宇文护必死之言被勒令自尽。侯莫陈崇三子皆为周将，而其兄侯莫陈顺更是十二大将军之一。侯莫陈崇一族以武猛而享威名，故能成一时之盛，而陈崇最终以言语鲁莽丧身，乃是脱不了轻率之道，一世英名也转眼云散，足以让人叹息。
八柱国和他们的子孙们成功建造出了封建社会的第二帝国，在汉朝之后建立起了另一大过度，这不只是在中国历史，甚至在世界历史都是一个奇迹。<|endoftext|>本产品为稀缺名额，满额即截止。
按照报名付全款先后锁定珍贵的2018年确保参赛名额。
World’s Coolest Marathon
北极点马拉松
想到北极点，你是否感觉到了紧张与兴奋？在北纬90°的极点，在世界上最冷的大洋之上，在移动的6-12英尺（约1.8-3.6米）的厚的巨大冰层上奔跑，你做好准备了吗？你是否能克服对极度严寒的恐惧？你是否能够挑战自己？如果这些答案都是肯定，那么恭喜你，你可能已经为北极点马拉松做好了心理准备。请时刻记住，这次马拉松不是在陆地上奔跑，而是在北冰洋之上，在移动的冰层上奔跑，再也没有比这更奇妙更具有挑战性的马拉松了。
2015年比赛视频
2016年北极点马拉松有来自21个国家的56名选手参赛。
始于2002年的北极点马拉松可能是你一生之中最奇特的马拉松之旅。早在创立之初，“世界上最冷酷的马拉松”（World’s Coolest Marathon）就成为其标签，持续被欧美众多媒体争相报道。
2002年4月5日，第一次北极点马拉松是由理查德独立完成的。他在这之前10周刚刚获得第一次南极马拉松比赛的冠军，成为第一个在两个极点完成马拉松的人。同时他还保持着用4天22小时3分钟在七大洲完成七个马拉松的世界纪录，这是他在2012年创造的。2015年，理查德跑步从旧金山到纽约，完成穿越北美的挑战，2016年他完成了穿越欧洲的挑战，从伊斯坦布尔跑到鹿特丹。
这就是理查德，北极点马拉松的赛事总监，同时也是南极冰川马拉松（南纬80°），火山马拉松（在世界最干燥的阿塔卡马沙漠），世界马拉松挑战赛（七天七大洲七个马拉松）的组织者。
2018年4月9日，让我们一起创造北极点探险的新历史。您将有机会被成为挑战世界顶点的极限跑者，在全球制高点（北纬90°）奔跑的同时克服严寒的困扰，完成42.195km这一世上最遥远距离的比赛。
图：2016年北极点马拉松有来自21个国家的56名选手参赛
图中红点就是北极点的位置
普及一下地理知识：北极点即北纬90°，地球表面最北的点，其周围由北冰洋结冰而成，并无实质陆地。北极圈是指纬度数值为北纬66.5°的一个假想圈，是北寒带与北温带的分界线。
没错，北极点被北冰洋包围，你不是在陆地上奔跑！你在参加北极点马拉松的时候，将面临诸多挑战，低温、强风、
|
3 | 5 | 0 |
restare a casa.
“Vogliamo celebrare – ha detto il pastore Joe Carter - la sua vita nel modo che lei avrebbe meritato”. I fan si sono comunque radunati intorno alla chiesa e quest’uomo apprezza la scelta di sobrietà della famiglia. “Sono felice – spiega – che abbiano scelto un funerale privato, perché questa era lei. Questo è quello che era per davvero. E la famiglia ha il diritto di farlo, ha diritto a chiedere privacy”.
Un carro funebre dorato con la salma di Whitney Houston ha raggiunto la chiesa battista della Nuova Speranza circa due ore prima che avessero inizio i funerali.
Durante la cerimonia parleranno Kevin Costner, coprotagonista con la cantante del film ‘The Bodyguards’, il suo mentor Clive Davis, il produttore Tyler Perry, la cognata Patricia Houston, la cugina Dionne Warwick. Confermata l’esibizione di Stevie Wonder che canterà ‘Ribbon in the Sky’. Si prevede che la cerimonia vada avanti per oltre tre ore e sono stati invitati circa 1500 ospiti che sono entrati in chiesa camminando su un tappeto nero.<|endoftext|>تم غالب این داستان «تبعیض نژادی» و معضلات جامعهی آمریکا با این پدیده است. داستان، روایت زندگی پسر یکی از سیاهان ثروتمند در آمریکای شمالی است. در خانوادهای که مدام میان پدر و مادر مشاجره هست و خواهرانش، توسط والدین از معاشرت با سایر پسرهای سیاه طبقه متوسط منع شدهاند. دوستش در گروهی عضویت دارد که دست به قتل سفیدپوستان میزنند. قهرمان داستان در این بحبوحه به دنبال هویت و زندگی خود به عنوان یک سیاه آمریکایی است.
تونی موریسون در لورن اهایو به دنیا آمده؛ او اکنون گاه در شهرستان راکلند، ایالت نیویورک و گاه در پرینستن در ایالت نیوجرسی زندگی می کند. او استاد گروه علوم انسانی رابرت. اف. گهین در دانشگاه پرینستن است. برخی از دیگر رمان های او عبارتند از: سولا، کودک قیرگون، دلبند (برنده جایزه ادبیات داستانی پولیتزر در سال 1988)، جاز، آبی ترین چشم و بهشت. تونی موریسون در سال 1993 برنده جایزه ادبی نوبل شد. سرود سلیمان، برنده جایزه ادبیات داستانی حلقه ملی منتقدان کتاب در سال 1978 بوده است.<|endoftext|>We all resist changing our beliefs about the world, but what happens when some of those beliefs are based on misinformation? Is there a right way to correct someone when they believe something that's wrong?
Stephen Lewandowsky and John Cook set out to review the science on this topic, and even carried out a few experiments of their own. This effort led to their "Debunker's Handbook", which gives practical, evidence-based techniques for correcting misinformation about, say, climate change or evolution. Yet the findings apply to any situation where you find the facts are falling on deaf ears.
The first thing their review turned up is the importance of “backfire effects” - when telling people that they are wrong only strengthens their belief. In one experiment, for example, researchers gave people newspaper corrections that contradicted their views and politics, on topics ranging from tax reform to the existence of weapons of mass destruction. The corrections were not only ignored – they entrenched people’s pre-existing positions.
Backfire effects pick up strength when you have no particular reason to trust the person you are talking to. This perhaps explains why climate sceptics with more scientific education tend to be the most sceptical that humans are causing global warming.
The irony is that understanding backfire effects requires that we debunk a false understanding of our own. Too often, argue Lewandowsky and Cook, communicators assume a 'deficit model' in their interactions with the misinformed. This is the idea that we have the right information, and all we need to do to make people believe is to somehow "fill in" the deficit in other people's understanding. Just telling people the evidence for the truth will be enough to replace their false beliefs. Beliefs don't work like that.
Psychological factors affect how we process information – such as what we already believe, who we trust and how we remember. Debunkers need to work with this, rather than against if they want the best chance of being believed.
The most important thing is to provide an alternative explanation. An experiment by Hollryn Johnson and Colleen Seifert, shows how to persuade people better. These two psychologists recruited participants to listen to news reports about a fictional warehouse fire, and then answer some comprehension questions.
Some of the participants were told that the fire was started by a short circuit in a closet near some cylinders containing potentially explosive gas. Yet when this information was corrected – by saying the closet was empty – they still clung to the belief.
A follow-up experiment showed the best way to effectively correct such misinformation. The follow-up was similar to the first experiment, except that it involved participants who were given a plausible alternative explanation: that evidence was found that arson caused the fire. It was only those who were given a plausible alternative that were able to let go of the misinformation about the gas cylinders.
Lewandowsky and Cook argue that experiments like these show the dangers of arguing against a misinformed position. If you try and debunk a myth, you may end up reinforcing that belief, strengthening the misinformation in people's mind without making the correct information take hold.
What you must do, they argue, is to start with the plausible alternative (that obviously you believe is correct). If you must mention a myth, you should mention this second, and only after clearly warning people that you're about to discuss something that isn't true.
This debunking advice is also worth bearing in mind if you find yourself clinging to your own beliefs in the face of contradictory facts. You can’t be right all of the time, after all.
Read more about the best way to win an argument.
If you have an everyday psychological phenomenon you'd like to see written about in these columns please get in touch @tomstafford or firstname.lastname@example.org. Thanks to Ullrich Ecker for advice on this topic.<|endoftext|>چگونه در قسمت سوم اسپیکینگ آیلتس نمره بالا بگیریم؟
بخش اسپیکینگ آزمون آیلتس به سه قسمت تقسیم میشود:
- مصاحبه Interview
- کیو کارد Cue Card
- بحث Discussion
این قسمت بین 4 تا 5 دقیقه طول میکشد و همانطور که از عنوان آن میتوان حدس زد، شبیه یک “بحث و گفتگو” است.
ممتحن از شما سوالی میپرسد و شما جواب میدهید. در ادامه ممکن است از شما سوال جدیدی پرسیده شود و یا اینکه در مورد جزییات جواب قبلی از شما توضیح بیشتری بخواهد. در این سوالات معمولا از شما خواسته میشود که موضوعی را تحلیل و بررسی کنید، مقایسه کنید، نظر بدهید و یا اینکه آینده آن را پیش بینی کنید. به عنوان مثال:
What sports do you think will be played in the future?
قسمت سوم معمولا ادامه قسمت دوم است، با این تفاوت که موضوع بحث مشخص تر و کمی انتزاعی میشود. به عنوان مثال اگر در قسمت دوم از شما خواسته میشود:
Describe your favorite teacher
در قسمت سوم ممکن است از شما سوال شود:
How are education priorities different from those in the past?
موضوعات متداول این قسمت عبارتند از:
Technology / Education / Environment / TV / Influence / Leisure Activities / Shopping / Sports / Transportation
***بایدها:
- به کلمات کلیدی هر سوال دقت کنید.
- اگر متوجه سوال نشدید از ممتحن بخواهید آن را تکرار کند. حتی میتوانید تقاضا کنید که منظور سوال را کمی توضیح دهد. فراموش نکنید که “تقاضای تکرار سوال یا توضیح بیشتر” بهتر از “جواب کاملا نامربوط دادن” است.
- با استفاده از جزئیات، مثالها و دلایل، جواب خود را بسط دهید.
- مثبت فکر کنید. آزمون آیلتس فقط تست دانش شما نیست بلکه اعتماد به نفس شما را نیز به چالش میکشد. پس به نتیجه آزمون خود خوش بین باشید.
- دامنه لغات خود را قبل از آزمون تقویت کنید. نمره اسپیکینگ شما بر اساس چهار فاکتور “تلفظ، گرامر، لغت، و روانی کلام” تعیین میشود. پس سعی کنید لغات کاربردی و سطح بالای مباحث مختلف را بیاموزید.
- سوالات را به زندگی خود ربط دهید. به عنوان مثال اگر از شما در مورد تکنولوژی سوال میشود، میتوانید در مورد روشهایی که خودتان از تکنولوژی استفاده میکنید صحبت کنید.
- جواب خود را تقسیم بندی و طبقه بندی کنید. مثلا اگر از شما در مورد “مشکلات حمل و نقل” سوال میشود، میتوانید پاسخ خود را اینگونه شروع کنید:
There are three problems with transportation in my city.
و یا اینکه:
There are three points I’d like to talk about.
- تمرین کنید که از افعال (can / could / may / might / should) بیشتر استفاده کنید، چون در این قسمت کاربرد زیادی دارند.
- از اصطلاحات متنوع برای ابراز عقیده استفاده کنید و فقط به I think اکتفا نکنید. به عنوان مثال:
If you ask me
In my opinion
It seems to me that
It occurs to me that
***نبایدها:
- هیچ جوابی را از قبل حفظ و آماده نکنید. زیرا ممتحن به راحتی متوجه شده و موضوع را تغییر خواهد داد.
- نگران اشتباهات خود نباشید. اگر متوجه اشتباه خود شدید، تا دو و یا حتی سه بار فرصت دارید که به راحتی برگردید و آن را تصحیح کنید. فقط نترسید و به صحبت کردن ادامه دهید.
- از موضوع بحث خارج نشوید.
- از صداهای ahh و umm ، که برای پر کردن وقفه های اسپیکینگ استفاده میشوند، بیش از حد استفاده نکنید. میتوانید به عنوان تمرین صدای خود را ضبط کنید و با تمرین این وقفه ها را از اسپیکینگ خود حذف نمایید.
- از عبارت I think بیش از حد استفاده نکنید.
- از عبارت That’s a good question بیش از یکبار استفاده نکنید؛ و چه بهتر که اصلا استفاده نکنید.
- نگران لهجه خود نباشید. مهم اینست که اسپیکینگ شما واضح و قابل فهم باشد.
در پایان توجه داشته باشید که اسپیکینگ یک مهارت است و مهارت حاصل تمرین. پس تا میتوانید تمرین کنید. برای آشنایی با سایر نکات بخش اسپیکینگ میتوانید به دیگر مقالات موجود در همین سایت مراجعه نمایید. و همچنین میتوانید با شرکت در کلاسهای حرفه ای، مانند کلاسهای ما در آموزشگاه زبان خوارزمی واقع در قيطريه (دسترسي عالی از مناطق چيذر، كامرانيه، فرمانيه، تجريش، الهيه، دزاشيب و اندرزگو)، سایر مهارتهای آزمونی خود را نیز تقویت نمایید. منتظر تماس شما هستیم!
پیروز باشید<|endoftext|>WASHINGTON - ABD Başkanı George W. Bush'un en yakın danışmanlarından biri olan Dan Bartlett'in kişisel nedenlerden dolayı istifa ettiği açıklandı. Beyaz Saray sözcüsü Dana Perino, Bush'un siyasi programının uygulanmasından ve stratejik iletişiminden sorumlu Bartlett'in istifasının 4 Temmuz'da geçerli olacağını belirtti. Bush da yazılı bir açıklamayla , 'Bartlett'in çalıştıkları 14 yıl boyunca önemli katkılar yaptığını' ifade etti.
Bush'u sarsan istifa
02/06/2007 02:00<|endoftext|>Vitamin ve mineralleri hareket etmelidir bir kadının bedeninde saç üretimini belirleyen saç köklerinin oluşumunda için. Bu nedenle, doğum sonrası dönemde düzeltmek ve dengeli beslenme çok önemlidir. , Saç durumunu normalleştirmek için büyüme ve kayıp önleme, anne vitamin A, C, D, E, K, PP ürünleri açısından zengin diyet dahil etmek. Bu tavuk yumurta, peynir, süt ürünleri, deniz ürünleri, fasulye, fındık, mantar, muz ve diğer meyve. Pancar, havuç, brokoli, ve tüm yeşil: Özellikle dikkat sebze dikkat edilmelidir. Uygun beslenme ek olarak, bu, geri kalan dikkat havaya yürümek için gereklidir.
Saç restorasyon saç özel hazırlıkları tedavi emzirme döneminde tavsiye edilmez. Bir kural olarak, kontrendikasyonlar içerir. , Bebeğe zarar bir doktora danışmadan kendi alerji gelişimini teşvik olmadan onları kullanma.
Laktasyon desteği sonuna kadar ve saç geri düzgün onlar için bakım olabilir: şampuan ve klimalar saç ve saç derisi Çeşidi devlet göre seçin. Ayrıca kendi elleriyle yapılan çeşitli halk ilaçları ve saç maskeleri yardımcı olacaktır. Örneğin, yoğurt ve yumurta oluşan saç düşen mükemmel geçerli maske. Hazırlanması için yoğurt 5 yemek kaşığı ve bir yumurta karıştırmak için gereklidir. Kafa yıkamadan sonra saç köklerinin içine karışımı sürün. Birkaç dakika bekledikten sonra, ılık su ile durulayın kafa.<|endoftext|>La Williams ha chiuso il venerdì di prove libere del Gran Premio del Brasile all’ottavo posto con l’idolo di casa Felipe Massa, all’ultimo weekend della carriera nella sua Interlagos, e al quattordicesimo con Lance Stroll.
“È stato un buon venerdì – ha detto Massa – Siamo riusciti a fare qualche buon giro e credo che il nostro passo sia simile alle monoposto con cui siamo in lotta. Sarà una battaglia serrata, ma proveremo a fare del nostro meglio”.
“La giornata è stata buona – ha dichiarato Stroll – Essendo per me la prima volta su questo tracciato, ho dovuto abituarmi alla pista. Ci sono cose da migliorare tra stasera e domani. In FP2 non ho fatto un gran giro a causa del traffico. Se in qualifica dovesse piovere non sarà un problema, siamo stati competitivi con quelle condizioni”.<|endoftext|>Aklımda bir Parma yazısı yazmak var bir süredir.. Başlangıç efsane fakat tam yazıyı planladığım sırada takımın zorlu bir döneme giriyor olması beni biraz daha bekletti.. Bu geceki Fiorentina maçıyla birlikte takımın önündeki 6 maçın 5'i çok zorluydu.. Önde Napoli ve Genoa maçları var sırayla.. Arada Ennio Tardini'de bir dinlenme maçı, Bologna.. Arkasından Roma deplasmanı ve Juventus maçı.. Buradan çıkmak zor, ölmek kolay fakat bu geceki ilk başlangıç yine efsane.. Prandelli gibi bir adama, Fiorentina gibi bir takıma karşı deplasmanda oynuyorsanız istediğiniz kadar formda olun o maça yazacağınız maksimum puan 1'dir, zordur o da.. Bizim çocuklar yine efsane yazmış, 3 gollü galibiyet çıkarmış.. Parma'daki kariyerinden sonra evrim geçiren ve savunmayı ön plana alan, "yeni" Prandelli'ye kendi evinde 3 gol atmak çok zor bir şeydir.. Fiorentina, Artemio Franchi'de 3 golü en son Ekim 2006'da Genoa'dan yemişti ligde.. 3 yıldır o statta 3 golü kalesinde görmüyor bu takım.. Bizim geri dönüşçüler bunu başardı..
Guidolin her geçen gün biraz daha büyüyor gözümde.. Parma da üçlü defansla iyi top oynayan ve başarılı olan takımlar arasına yeni bir örnek olarak ekleniyor yavaş yavaş.. Bojinov'un takıma adaptasyonu umulan düzeyde, farkı yaratan oyuncuysa bir supporter, Blerim Dzemaili.. İleride değineceğim.. Takımın orta sahada defansif anlamda her şeyi olan McDonald Mariga da sakatlıktan döndü ve bugün ikinci yarıda oyuna girmiş.. Onunla her şey biraz daha kolay olacak.. Sonraki maçlar zor, kötü sonuçlar gelebilir ama bu ilk 13 maçtan ve maç fazlasıyla gelen üçüncülükten sonra kimseye fazla koymaz..<|endoftext|>Kadınlar dünya sıralamasında 194'üncülüğe yükselen Pemra Özgen, Türk tenisçiler arasında en üst basamakta yer aldı.
Portekiz'de katıldığı turnuvada 17. tekler zaferini elde eden 33 yaşındaki Pemra, Kadın Tenisçiler Birliğinin (WTA) açıkladığı dünya sıralamasında 24 basamak birden tırmandı.
Tek kadınlarda 194. sıraya yükselerek kariyerinin en iyi derecesini elde eden Pemra, Başak Eraydın'ı geride bırakarak Türk tenisçiler arasında en üst sıraya çıktı. Milli sporcu, 10 yıl sonra Türkiye bir numarası unvanını yeniden elde etti.
İki basamak yükselen Başak Eraydın 207. sıraya yerleşti. 2016 Rio Olimpiyatları'nda Türkiye'yi temsil eden Çağla Büyükakçay 6 basamak gerileyerek 252'nci, İpek Soylu ise 304. sırada yer aldı.
Profesyonel Tenisçiler Birliğinin (ATP) açıkladığı dünya sıralamasında ise Cem İlkel 259. basamakta bulunuyor.<|endoftext|>In the Heavens as It Is on Earth
The collision occurred on February 10, 2009 over Siberia at 0455 GMT at an altitude of 790 kilometers (490 miles) above the Earth. An Iridium communications satellite struck a defunct Soviet-era Cosmos 2251 communications satellite. Scientists estimate that the collision speed of the two orbital objects was 42,120 kilometer per hour (26,172 mph).1 There are no fender benders at this speed. A BB traveling at this speed would rip through the Space Shuttle with the force of a hundred-pound cannon ball traveling at 78 miles per hour.2
The satellite collision generated hypersonic shock waves that turned the two satellites into a cloud of high-speed shrapnel that will orbit the Earth for another 10,000 years. Experts called the collision a “catastrophic event”. We will come back to high-speed orbiting space junk at the end of this essay.
It just so happened on that very day in February, I was participating in a three-day consultation in Mountain View, California hosted by the SETI Institute and NASA’s Astrobiology Program. Fifty scientists, philosophers, theologians, lawyers, artists, and anthropologists
|
3 | 5 | 1 |
classes. This seemed to help but didn’t make the resource guarding go away.
With each new foster dog we had in the house, her resource guarding would get worse. Ginger went from mild to moderate to severe in a matter of 10 months. She started with a simple low growl to attacking a foster dog. She would never actually bite the dog, but the loud growling and yelping were terrifying to hear.
Sometimes it felt like she gave no warning, which I know is not true, because there is always a sign… but sometimes it’s so quick we don’t recognize it.
Not only was Ginger exhibiting the resource guarding behavior with other dogs, but started to growl at my, then 9 year old, daughter. When I say growl, it was more like a grumpy grr sound. Not a full-out aggressive growl, but enough of a warning to let her know she wanted to be left alone. Obviously, this was very unsettling to us as parents and we needed to find help quick.
We took a break from fostering dogs until we could manage Gingers behavior. It certainly wasn’t fair to the other dogs, and we had some serious changes to make.
Dog Resource Guarding / Food Aggression Training Techniques
It wasn’t until we attended a seminar about dog behavior, that I received some great training techniques and advice from a behaviorist dog trainer. There is not a one-size-fits-all solution to Dog Resource Guarding or Food Aggression. So what works for us, may not work for your dog. Here is what we learned:
1. Teach the OUT Command
The trainer’s advice was to teach Ginger the OUT command. We use LEAVE IT, you can use DROP, or whatever word you desire. But the concept is that the dog needs to be trained to drop any item on command.
The OUT/ LEAVE IT / DROP command should really be taught to all dogs. It can protentional save a dog’s life, but that’s for another time to go into detail.
Because Ginger was already at a high moderate level of resource guarding, the trainer recommended using the Pet Convincer as a tool to help Ginger learn the OUT command.
We created a controlled setting with Ginger and item she was known to guard (her bone). We let her get relaxed with it, then go to her, give her the command, LEAVE IT. She must drop the bone and allow us to pick it up. If she does not drop the bone immediately, we use the Pet Convincer to help her understand we mean business. Just as a side note, we did not use our hands to pick up the bone, I used a broomstick just in case she did decide to bite.
Some people do not agree with using the Pet Convincer, but all it is a loud burst of air that breaks the mindset the dog is currently in. I think of it as like tapping a person on the shoulder to get their attention. But you can’t tap a dogs shoulder when they are threatening to bite you, so that’s when the Pet Convincer comes in handy.
A newer option has recently come on the market, called the Doggy Don’t. It is the same concept as the Pet Convincer, but instead of air noise, it creates a buzz sounding noise.
2. Train Your Dog the PLACE Command
Another training Technique for Dog Resource Guarding / Food Aggression is to teach the PLACE command. This teaches the dog to go to his pillow, a rug, or whatever place you choose, on command. The dog must stay at this place until you release her.
You can read more on how we use the PLACE command at: Why You Need to Teach the PLACE Command to Your Dog
The PLACE command is another one that should be taught to all dogs, it can solve so many other behavior issues.
3. Your Dog Must Work for Food
Making your dog work for his food is my favorite technique for food aggression. This can really help create a strong bond between you and your dog.
Simply spend 5 minutes training your dog with his daily food. You don’t have to feed piece by piece but feeding small handfuls when he performs a command is a great way to keep your dog mentally stimulated and fed at the same time.
4. Trading Game
The concept of the trading game is to trade your dog for something even better than the item he is guarding. For example, when your dog is eating their regular food, offer something special such as cheese or meat.
The goal is to have your dog stop eating their kibble to take the treat from you. This teaches your dog no one is out to steal her food if she steps away from it and even better it leads to something even tastier.
How To Prevent Resource Guarding or Food Aggression Between Dogs, Cats or Other Animals
Preventing Resource Guarding at the Puppy Stage
Spend lots of time with puppies while they eat to get them comfortable with your presence. If you have another dog or animals in your household that is not food aggressive, feed them in the same proximity. Pet the puppy while they eat and occasionally put your hand in their bowl and let him eat from your hand.
Use the work for food method mentioned above. It’s great to use the food as training treats. There is no rule that your puppy needs to eat from a bowl. Use part, or even all, of his meals as training rewards.
Dog Resource Guarding Toys
Be proactive and do not leave toys laying around. When you want the dogs to play with toys, place them in their crates or in PLACE command. Believe it or not, toys are not a necessity for dogs. Toys should be a privilege earned, not assumed… hmmm, kind of like kids!
It’s actually a great idea to keep toys away when the dogs aren’t playing. This not only will keep the toys fresh and exciting for your dog, but they will also last much longer. Most toys aren’t meant to be left with your dog unsupervised anyway, they are prone to chewing and destroying toys which can become a choking hazard.
Recommended Just For You: Is Your Dog Bored with Her Toys?
Dog Resource Guarding Food and Dog Aggression Towards Other Dogs
We have learned to feed our dogs in separate areas. It really is normal for your dog to not want to share his food. Not that we want to give our dogs permission to guard his food, but let’s just prevent it from being an issue. Your dog should feel safe when eating.
Think about this scenario… if you are eating dinner and someone walks by and takes a bite out of your sandwich. What would you do? Now I suppose if it’s your spouse or kids, we may (or may not) let it slide. But what if some random person took your food, would you be okay with that? Your dog feels the same way. It’s his dinner, he’s hungry, and he doesn’t want to share.
Dog Resource Guarding Owner, People or Random Items
This behavior of a dog resource guarding his owner or people needs to be dealt with immediately. This can get out of control really quick if the dog thinks it needs to claim his owner. I recommend talking with a dog behavior trainer as soon as you see any signs of a dog resource guarding his owner.
Will My Dog Ever Be Normal?
I’ve asked myself this question many times over. Will we ever not have to worry about Ginger attacking another dog over a resource item? Some trainers will tell you it is possible, but so far I’m still always on guard when we have a new foster dog or in any situation around food.
We have stretches of good times and she does not resource guard for months. This is usually when we don’t have a foster dog.
We use the LEAVE IT and PLACE command every day to prevent any situations where she would feel she needs to resource guard.
Our entire family has learned how to read her body language, so we know when she starts to feel nervous about the situation, and we can change it before she feels the need to take it in her own hands.
There is hope, don’t give up on your dog. With the above training techniques, you and your resource guarding dog can live normal lives. Normal will just need to include you being more present and aware of your dog’s feelings.
You shouldn’t be embarrassed if your dog isn’t perfect. Heck no dog or human is. So I’m here to admit, our dog Ginger is far from perfect. But to tell the truth, writing this post helped me look back and assess where we were and where we are today. It’s been a great reminder to keep positive, how even the bad can turn into good, and there is always hope.
Now it’s your turn…
Does your dog struggle with resource guarding? How have you been able to handle the situation? I always reply to comments, so let’s start a conversation… it could help someone else with the same problem or question.
Recommended reading just for you:
Recommended Training Tools:
I rescued my beagle Nov 6, 2021. He's sweet and lovable. He is a bit fearful of himself and me. Protective of himself and me! He fears my friend at times. I think a bad man hurt and scared him in his past. I also think my friend is the same size as the bad man! Mostly, "Teddy" wants attention from my friend, but occasionally Teddy will growl and want to go after my friend. This behavior makes my friend shut down towards Teddy. He will then ignore Teddy, never petting or talking to him. I need help, and don't know how to correct this.
This type of behavior is best helped by a professional dog trainer that specializes in resource agression. There are a couple factors that are important to understand though. Your beagle is still in transition phase, read the 3-3-3 rule. Also, it’s a misconception that dogs that fear men have been abused by one in the past. Men are larger and louder than women, making them more scarier, which is why many dogs have fear of men. It’s also important to leave the dogs past in the past. Focus on the future, feeling sorry for the dog won’t help him get better. Consider boosting the dogs confidence with actives or a training class. SpiritDog Training has an online confidence booster class that is great.
I just adopted a 2 year old male german shepherd today. I've grown up with shepherds and have a lot of breed experience, but I've never had one that resources guards. (He is the only dog in the house and I am the only person in the house.) After getting him home today, I discovered he resource guards toys after he growled at me after I got too close. Since he's been here, he also seems to be showing a lot of dominant type behaviors as opposed to more scared behaviors like I had anticipated. I've been trying to trade toys with him, to entice him to drop what he has to take the "better" option, but he collects the toys and keeps them at his paws. Due to his stance over them, I don't want to approach because his stance looks to be telling me to keep my distance. How do I deal with the resource guarding and the aggression signs while he's still adjusting to a new home? I don't want to ignore them and allow them to get worse, but I also understand he's going to need a lot of time to get acclimated.
I highly recommend reaching out to a professional behaviorist. You are right, you don’t want to allow it to continue, it’s a sensitive situation for sure. I would try to avoid all situations that put him in this position. Keep all toys away for now. He needs to learn how to trust you first, read How to Bond with your dog and the 3-3-3 rule.
We adopted our 2 year old Cooper (Pyrenees mix) at 8 weeks after finding him and his mom and dad walking down the highway. He recently started aggressively resource guarding us from his older brother Toby (a 8 year old Sheltie – adopted 5 years ago after his owners left him out wondering around a camp ground in a storm). It seems now that it was always happening non-aggressively, as he was always getting in our faces when we were showing the other dogs (we also have 8 year old Gracie, adopted from a rescue at 8 weeks) attention. I suppose it also happened previously when we were dog sitting our daughters dog – a 1 year old intact male Husky – we thought maybe it was that he was intact and a dominance issue. Recently he attacked Toby grabbing his neck angrily and had to be physically separated- there was also a toy involved initially but happened again a short time later with no apparent fatalist (other than we had been showing Toby a little more attention earlier. Less than 2 days later Toby was following me around and I was chatting to him, Cooper approached to get my attention and I gave it to him, but Toby was still close by, he stiffened and his posture began to change, I petted him and tried to calmly reassure him with praise, but Toby still nearby soon became his focus and again he attacked him. We have been keeping them separated but alternating them in/out of kennel. As I have been writing this Cooper is laying on the couch and Toby is in the kennel in the other room – in Cooper’s eyesight – he raised his head, staring in Toby’s direction and started growling – I think Toby might have just adjusted his position in the kennel. We have an appointment with a behaviorist in 12 days, but we are afraid to let them in close proximity; we try to be reassuring but the mood in our house is tense and heavy. By the way, he seems to be fine with Gracie. We some work being done in our yard and it has been stressful for all of us, this just makes it worse. We also have grand children, 3 of which live out of state that he has never met. We are genuinely concerned as we love all 3 of our fur babies and just really don’t know if even behavioral training will make our home any less stressful. We are feeling like rehiring might be the best option for all, but don’t really want to.. and it is a decision between Cooper and Toby and if it comes to this, how can we ensure it is to a good loving home?
I know exactly how you are feeling, it’s so hard. If you do decide to rehome him, Read Is it Ever Okay to Rehome a Dog? I hope the new trainer can help you all. Best of luck.
We’ve had our 2.5 year old rescue dog for three days. He had been sweet and gentle up until yesterday when he growled and lunged at my adult son when my son was reaching for a dog toy to play with the dog. Today, the dog growled at the cat when the cat walked past the dog’s open crate. Also, my husband was petting the dog, and my son walked past them. The dog turned with a growl towards my son. And also tonight, my son was walking between me and the dog and my husband. The dog, who had been pacing around really with his tail held down low, longed menacingly at our son again. This is upsetting, sad, and makes me angry. I find this behavior unacceptable. What should we do? He is our third rescue dog.
What you should do is up to you. But here are a few things to consider. The dog is most likely stressed out from the move from shelter to your home. Read the 3-3-3 rule article to understand the transition phase. With that said, aggression is not something to ignore. You could seek help from the shelter you adopted him from to see have they have any insight and/or trainers to help you. You could find your own behaviorist trainer to help you. Or you can consider returning him to the shelter. Also read Is it Ever Okay to Rehome a Dog?
I adopted a two year old (ish) female dog back in September! She gets jealous of other dogs and is super aggressive towards them when they get close to her food, toys, or even her sticks she finds outside. It's awful. My roommate for this upcoming year has a puppy and they play well together but I'm scared Nala (my dog) my go after my roommates dog. How do I help prevent it / make Nala stop being so aggressive?
Prevention is key. Keep food and toys away when they are together. Watch BOTH dogs body language. Learn Nala’s triggers. Watch her every move, look for the slightest sign of her guarding. Use the tips in this article and also ready our article about dog body language: https://www.rescuedogs101.com/how-to-speak-dog-language/
Our 7 month old doodle has shown guarding tendencies for a while. He mostly guards when he steals something (kids toy, banana peel, shoe). We’ve learned to get him to “drop it” by offering a treat and he will do that right away. But he is very food motivated…counter surfs, steals food from our kids hands, etc. he recently bit me when I tried to take away duct tape he was chewing on without waiting for him to “drop it” – I faked like I had a treat because I didn’t think he’d guard it. We are looking to do a board and train with ecollar but just worried that he will always have that “possession aggression” in him no matter what. And we have 3 kids under 5. Any thoughts or feedback?
If you find the right trainer I think there is hope. I will be honest, with our dog Ginger we have not been able to 100% “cure” her. But we manage it with knowing her triggers, her body language, and avoiding anything that we know will set her off.
My 10-lb chi mix had had 2 failed adoptions, so I guess I was at least his 4th owner. He would resource guard my lap. A simple technique I learned was, as soon as I noticed warning signs, I would matter-of-factly put him on the ground. That worked in our situation. I thank you Debi for all your helpful info. You are non-judgmental & real. The need for patience & to have faith & to work on the relationship & mutual communication – all advice that is golden. It seems like, even with dogs, things worth having don’t come easy.
Hi my puppy is 5 months now I’ve been working on him with the guarding issue I got him at 3 mths and he was abandoned and living in the streets. He has really bad food aggression he will bite me when I take his empty bowl and even my others dogs bowl up cause they get Fed at meal times he is getting better he will eat his food and even walk by her but once she’s done that’s it he lunges for it
Wow, that is very unusual for such a young puppy. I really would recommend finding a behaviorist to help you. Right now, I’d feed him separate, maybe even in his crate.
Yes Kilo will resource guard. He is a rescue we started fostering at 2. We know we were his 5th home but not too much else. We worked with amazing behaviourists as well and tried the same training. Unfortunately he can get madder if you try to distract him but he loves treats so he will trade. He now drops for a trade and will go to a certain spot and do a few tricks for treats when needed. He also seems to understand “yucky” and usually drops or even lets me take something from his mouth like a chicken bone on a walk for a treat.
That’s awesome you are able to control Kilo’s resource guarding! We still struggle occasionally, it’s a continual learning experience.
These are excellent
|
3 | 5 | 2 |
分裂，修复和/或与其他细胞通信的能力。 是靶向治疗癌症细胞内突变的表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）T790M的靶向治疗。
EGFR基因在正常细胞和癌细胞中都起重要作用。该基因导致EGFR蛋白的产生。这种蛋白质通常是分子链的一部分，它传递信号，告诉细胞如何生长和分裂。EGFR基因的变化（称为突变）可以改变EGFR蛋白的工作方式。EGFR蛋白质一直处于失控状态并且一直发出信号，而不是等待转向发信号通知细胞分裂或生长，这种失控的EGFR信号可能会驱动癌细胞的不受控制的生长。泰瑞沙india2080靶向EGFR的选择突变形式，包括t790M，L858R和外显子19-缺失。泰瑞沙india2080对于india2080突变和T790M抗性突变具有选择性，T790M抗性突变是EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂最常见的耐药机制。 注意：我们强烈建议您与您的医疗保健专业人员讨论您的具体医疗状况和治疗方法。本网站包含的信息旨在提供帮助和教育，但不能代替医学建议。
注：在本文所表达的意见/建议是作者独立的判断，印度直邮药房不承担任何责任。这些资料不应该被视为医生的建议或代替。请咨询您的治疗医生了解更多细节。<|endoftext|>بازیافت پلاستیک روش فنی بازیابی ضایعات یا ضایعات پلاستیک و بازیافت آن به سایر محصولات مفید است. مراحل مختلفی در فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک وجود دارد مانند جمعآوری، مرتبسازی، خرد کردن، ذوب شدن و شکلدهی مجدد. این مقاله به طور خلاصه به فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک می پردازد.
بازیافت پلاستیک و دستگاه تولید نایلون دسته دار معمولا راهی است که از طریق آن منابع طبیعی به طبیعت بازگردانده می شود تا پایداری آنها تضمین شود. زباله های سمی ایجاد شده توسط پلاستیک به شکلی اسفناک بر محیط زیست تأثیر گذاشته است.
تحقیقات نشان میدهد که زبالههای پلاستیکی در کنار تمام شرکتهای اصلی که از پلاستیک در فرآیند تولید و بستهبندی خود استفاده میکنند، همه کشورهای جهان را به شکلی خطرناک تحت تأثیر قرار داده است.
مراحل زیر در فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک گنجانده شده است
1. جمع کردن
ظروف پلاستیکی، بطری ها، شیشه ها، پلاستیک های بسته بندی، کیسه های پلاستیکی و پلاستیک های بزرگ صنعتی برخی از انواع پلاستیکی هستند که در همه جا یافت می شوند.
اولین مرحله از فرآیند بازیافت، جمع آوری ضایعات یا زباله های پلاستیکی است. آنها سپس به حیاط جمع آوری فرستاده می شوند. سپس خراش ها بسته بندی شده و به کارخانه های فرآوری پلاستیک تحویل داده می شوند.
2. مرتب سازی
مرتب سازی اقلام پلاستیکی غیرمشابه بر اساس رنگ رزین و محتوای آنها مرحله دوم این فرآیند است. تمامی آلاینده ها در این مرحله از بین می روند. پس از دسته بندی پلاستیک ها با کمک ماشین های طراحی شده ویژه، کارخانه بازیافت پلاستیک زباله را بر اساس نمادهای موجود در زیر پلاستیک ها دسته بندی می کند.
3. خرد کردن
پلاستیک های مرتب شده در مرحله بعدی فرآیند به تکه ها یا تکه های کوچک بریده می شوند. سپس یک دستگاه طراحی خاص، تکه های پلاستیکی سنگین تر را از انواع سبک تر جدا می کند. این مرحله تضمین می کند که پلاستیک های با اندازه های مختلف در طول تولید محصول نهایی با هم مخلوط نشوند.
4. تمیز کردن
در مرحله چهارم، تکه های پلاستیک با استفاده از مواد شوینده تمیز می شوند تا آلودگی های باقی مانده به طور کامل پاک شوند. سپس تکه های پلاستیکی تمیز بر اساس نوع رزین با تجهیزات خاصی جدا می شوند.
5. ذوب شدن
مرحله بعدی زمانی است که تکه های خشک پلاستیک ذوب می شوند. پلاستیک های ذوب شده یا به شکل جدیدی در می آیند یا به صورت گلوله پردازش می شوند. تجهیزات خاصی با دمای تنظیم شده برای ذوب پلاستیک استفاده می شود تا در این فرآیند از بین نرود.
6. ساخت گرانول
این مرحله ششم است که قطعات پلاستیکی در گلوله های کوچک زیر پا گذاشته می شوند. این گلوله های کوچک معمولاً به عنوان nurdles شناخته می شوند. این مرحله ای است که گلوله های پلاستیکی آماده تغییر شکل یا بازسازی هستند. یک واقعیت جالب این است که پلاستیک بازیافتی به سختی برای ساختن اقلامی مشابه شکل قبلی خود استفاده می شود.
انواع پلاستیک بازیافتی
انواع مختلفی از پلاستیک های بازیافتی وجود دارد که فرصت هایی را برای بازیگران بازار فراهم می کند تا در بازار بازیافت پلاستیک سرمایه گذاری کنند و از مزایای آن بهره مند شوند. اجازه دهید برخی از این موارد را مرور کنیم.
پلی اتیلن با چگالی بالا
سختی استثنایی، تطبیق پذیری، استحکام، مقاومت در برابر رطوبت و کاهش جذب گاز از ویژگی های اصلی پلی اتیلن با چگالی بالا است. از این نوع پلاستیک و دستگاه تصفیه آب در ساخت بطری های شیر، آب و آب میوه نیز استفاده می شود. کیسه های خرده فروشی و زباله نیز از این نوع پلاستیک ساخته می شوند.
دیدگاه شما با موفقیت ثبت شد.<|endoftext|>“The [Japanese] government approved a bill Friday to recognize the country’s ethnic Ainu minority as an ‘indigenous’ people for the first time, after decades of discrimination against the group. The Ainu people have long suffered the effects of a policy of forced assimilation. While discrimination has receded gradually, income and education gaps with the rest of Japan persist.” The Japan Times
“It is important to protect the honor and dignity of the Ainu people and to hand those down to the next generation to realize a vibrant society with diverse values,’ top government spokesman Yoshihide Suga told reporters.
‘Today we made a Cabinet decision on a bill to proceed with policies to preserve the Ainu people’s pride.’ The bill is the first to recognize the Ainu as ‘indigenous people’ and calls for the government to make “forward-looking policies,” including measures to support communities and boost local economies and tourism.
Ainu have lived for centuries on Japan’s northernmost main island of Hokkaido, as well as nearby areas including Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.
They struggled to pass down their language and culture after the Japanese government implemented an assimilation policy beginning in the Meiji Era (1868-1912), as Japan was modernizing.
The Ainu traditionally observed an animist faith, with men wearing full beards and women adorning themselves with facial tattoos before marriage. But like many indigenous people around the world, most of Japan’s Ainu have lost touch with their traditional lifestyle after decades of forced assimilation.
The Ainu population is estimated to be at least 12,300, according to a 2017 survey, but the real figure is unknown as many have integrated into mainstream society and some have hidden their cultural roots.
The new bill states its purpose is to ‘realize a society where the Ainu people can live with their ethnic pride, which will be respected’ by others. The government will subsidize projects aimed at promoting Ainu culture and organized by local municipalities. The law would also simplify procedures for Ainu to get permission from authorities to collect timber from national forests for their rituals, and to catch salmon in rivers in a traditional way.
In addition to the new law, the central government also plans to open a national Ainu museum and park in the Hokkaido town of Shiraoi in April 2020…’It is a major step forward on policies towards the Ainu people,’ said Masashi Nagaura, chief of the Ainu policy bureau of the Hokkaido Prefectural Government that has spearheaded policies for the ethnic minority.”<|endoftext|>电线电缆产品的命名有以下原则：
1、产品名称中包括的内容
⑴产品应用场合或大小类名称
⑵产品结构材料或型式；
⑶产品的重要特征或附加特征
基本按上述顺序命名，有时为了强调重要或附加特征，将特征写到前面或相应的结构描述前。
2、结构描述的顺序
产品结构描述按从内到外的原则：导体-->绝缘-->内护层-->外护层-->铠装型式。
3、简化
在不会引起混淆的情况下，有些结构描述省写或简写，如汽车线、软线中不允许用铝导体，故不描述导体材料。
橡套电缆的成本价格计算公式
平方X1.83=铜的重量X当时的铜价+橡胶的价格（重量X0.4元/斤）=成本价格+10%的加工费
电缆的价格=制造材料成本+固定费用+税收+业务费+利润
制造材料成本=材料成本*（1+材料消耗）（材料成本即为理论计算出来的值）
固定费用根据各个公司的情况有所不同，一般包括生产工资、管理工资、水电费、修理费、折旧费、房租费、运输费用
电力电缆的基本结构由线芯（导体）、绝缘层、屏蔽层和保护层四部分组成。
线芯
线芯是电力电缆的导电部分，用来输送电能，是电力电缆的主要部分。
绝缘层
绝缘层是将线芯与大地以及不同相的线芯间在电气上彼此隔离，保证电能输送，是电力电缆结构中不可缺少的组成部分。
屏蔽层
15KV及以上的电力电缆一般都有导体屏蔽层和绝缘屏蔽层。
保护层
保护层的作用是保护电力电缆免受外界杂质和水分的侵入，以及防止外力直接损坏电力电缆。
同轴电缆的发展主要分为四代：第一代是19世纪中期开始利用聚乙烯材料作为实芯绝缘介质；第二代是利用化学发泡PE材料作为绝缘介质；第三代是藕芯纵孔PE材料作为绝缘介质；第四代是利用物理发泡PE材料作为绝缘介质。同轴电缆按照结构可分为：泄漏同轴电缆、多芯同轴电缆、细径化同轴电缆、复合同轴电缆。 [3]
同轴电缆行业发展至今经历了一系列的变迁。由于全球电子产业在2000年进入高峰期，作为电子产业一部分， 同轴电缆市场规模也达到历史的高峰期。在随后的三年内，随着全球经济增长率进入低谷，同轴电缆产业也随着下游需求的萎缩而进入低迷期，直到2003年下半年才出现复苏迹象。从2004年开始，全球同轴电缆行业进入新一轮的增长期。随着移动通信信号覆盖面的不断扩大，基站数扩增，以及交通、能源、医疗等领域对移动信号要求的不断提高，全球射频同轴电缆行业的市场发展前景依然看好。<|endoftext|>Manufacturers of hard disk drives typically label their products with various industry-standard statistics. One...
By submitting your personal information, you agree that TechTarget and its partners may contact you regarding relevant content, products and special offers.
statistic that has sparked a lot of controversy in the hard disk drive arena is the Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) rating.
Mean Time Between Failure ratings, usually calibrated in hours, are an index of the general lifetime of the item in bulk. So if a hard disk drive has an MTBF of 300,000 hours, that means if you run a batch of them for that long, at least half will have failed after 300,000 hours of use.
People have four misperceptions about Mean Time Between Failures when using it as a gauge to make hardware buying decisions.
- Mean Time Between Failures are derived from populations -- millions or tens of millions of units, not individual units. That is why MTBF ratings are misleading if used to describe the lifetime of a single unit. This is the biggest misunderstanding about MTBF.
- The MTBF is not constant; it can change with time. A hard disk drive that has been in operation continuously for three years may be more susceptible to failure due to changes in environment than one that was just installed. Mean Time Between Failures ratings are usually accompanied by some assumptions about usage (the "duty cycle").
- Many factors can affect the MTBF, such as whether or not a given component is temperature-controlled. If you take two identically rated hard disk drives, place one in a system that has no airflow to the hard disk drive cage and the other in a system that has airflow, the air-cooled drive will almost certainly last longer.
- A single unit can have multiple points of failure -- and some of those points can be tolerated and some cannot. This makes a single number harder to assess.
In short, an Mean Time Between Failures rating for a piece of hardware is best applied when buying many units at once. If you're equipping 1,000 desktops with hard disk drives, or creating a drive array, the MTBF for a given hard drive will give you a fairly good idea of how many of those drives are likely to fail in a given period of time.
But if you're buying one hard disk drive, the Mean Time Between Failures is not going to be of much use to you. You'll be better off relying on good backup and data retention practices than you are throwing yourself on the mercy of statistics. Sure, it wouldn't hurt to opt for a piece of hardware with a better MTBF, but don't assume that a longer MTBF will automatically protect you from mishap.
About the author:
Serdar Yegulalp is editor of the Windows Insight, (formerly the Windows Power Users Newsletter), a blog site devoted to hints, tips, tricks and news for users and administrators of Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 and Vista. He has more than 12 years of Windows experience under his belt, and contributes regularly to SearchWinComputing.com and SearchSQLServer.com.
Hard disk drive management technical guide
Be wary of preformatted external hard disk drives
Hard disk drive MTBFs: The four biggest misperceptions
Hard disk drives dying: Six signs a hard drive is about to fail
Storage management software helps when hard disk drives fail
Quick-formatting hard disk drives: A shortcut, but safe
Erasing hard disk drive data: How many passes are needed?<|endoftext|>沃神：猛龙没有人是非卖品 都有可能被交易
据报道，多伦多猛龙对自由市场持开放态度。NBA资深记者沃神在当地时间周二晚间的ESPN节目中透露，在今夏可能进行的交易中，猛龙队内每个人都有被交易的可能。
“马塞·尤吉利（猛龙总经理）有这么一个特点，他在交易中从来不会害怕将队内的明星球员作为筹码，”Woj说。“他不会告诉你队内有谁是不能交易的，其他球队的总经理也知道这一点。所以他们在谈判时几乎是无话不说。”
《纽约时报》的记者马克·斯坦早在猛龙季后赛第二轮遭到骑士横扫后便指出，猛龙可能会交易队内的任何一个人。
“有传闻指出，早在去年夏天猛龙就悄悄地探索过德罗赞的交易价值——早在这个意想不到的突破性的赛季之前。而我相信，猛龙会再一次进行这样的尝试，”Stein这么写道。“不只是德罗赞，队内的任何一个人都有可能。在马塞·尤吉利掌控下的猛龙一直以来都给人稳定的感觉，但这个夏天，一切可能都会变得不同。”
另一方面，如果猛龙不交易走德玛尔·德罗赞、凯尔·洛瑞或是赛尔吉·伊巴卡中的其中一人，那么从薪资空间来看，这支球队并没有很大的改变，也都算不上开始重建。（三人下赛季的工资均超过2000万美元）。
目前猛龙下赛季的球员工资受保障部分金额已经达到1亿2620万美元，这么庞大的数字已经超过了硬工资帽的标准，球队很有可能要再一次上交奢侈税。
撰稿：余威<|endoftext|>05064699613
nolu telefon hakkındaki bilgi ve yorumlar
Bu numara sıfır beş yüz altı - dört yüz altmış dokuz - doksan altı - on üç olarak okunur.
5064699613 numaralı mobil hat Avea operatörüne kayıtlıdır.
05064699613 kime ait olduğunu Google 'da arayın.
05064699613 telefon numarası ile ilgili bildiklerinizi paylaşın.Bizde bu numara kime ait öğrenmenize yardımcı olalım.
Eğer bu sayfada uygunsuz bir içerik mevcut ise linke tıklayınız.<|endoftext|>Lord Randall Theme of Love
Pat Benatar said it best: love is a battlefield. Though "Lord Randall" is about death, loss, and betrayal, it's also classic tearjerker about the consequences of love. The reason it's so sad is because it's got longing and misery all tied up together. Love songs about happy shiny people living happy shiny lives are all well and good, but more often than not, you just want to sit around with a pint of Ben and Jerry's and listen to something that'll really tug—or in this case, strum—at the heartstrings.
Questions About Love
- How do we know that the source of Lord Randall's melancholy is love?
- What do we learn about Lord Randall's lover? Is she important at all in the poem? Why do you think her character (if we can even call it that) doesn't appear directly?
- What kind of depiction of love does this quietly tragic poem present?
Chew on This
Lord Randall's statements that he is "weary," and eventually
|
3 | 5 | 3 |
马踏上它立即人仰马翻，是对付骑兵的有力武器。瓷蒺藜是空心的，有一个孔可以填充火药，埋于地下就是地雷，用手投掷，就是手雷。传说一代天骄成吉思汗，就是中了西夏的瓷蒺藜从马上摔下来受伤的。公元1205年，即成吉思汗封汗的前一年。成吉思汗借口西夏收留了蒙古人的仇人，在3月粮荒时首次袭击了西夏，从此开始了长达20年之久的对夏战争。
降低机位，将枯枝刺向蓝天。
黑水城如同它的国家一样处在风雨飘摇之中。在蒙古大军随时可能大兵压境的情况下，黑水城人开始了一场空前悲壮的全民备战，他们准备与敌人殊死一战。公元1226年，成吉思汗率领10万大军挥师中原，黑水城作为蒙古大军通往中原的必经之地，不可避免地发生了一场恶战。战争的时间，选在了黑水城最最困难的季节——春季。不知当黑水城被蒙古大军包围的时候，全民皆兵的西夏人是怎样的与敌人奋战的。
远去了，浮云，
西域一直因为各种传说而给人一种神秘感。但当你踏上这片土地，看到被漫漫黄沙覆盖的古老城墙，看到为数不多的断壁残垣，梦里金戈铁马的场景缓缓向你走来。历史通过遗留下来的建筑和诗词向人们诉说着很久很久以前的故事。
如今，在黑水城西北角的城墙上，还留下5座宝瓶似的佛塔。其中最高的一座达13米。
专题来源：额济纳旗
党项人称黑水为"额济纳"，额济纳城就是黑水城。
汉武帝打通河西走廊以后，在居延屯田、筑城、设障，把漠北草原与河西走廊连接了起来。居延就在四通八达的十字路口上。商旅们通过这里，在中原、漠北、阴山、西域之间来来往往，使东西方的交流源源不断。过去，这里曾经有相当大的水域，仅著名的古居延海，就有726平方公里。黑水城就在三面临水的绿洲之中。历史上关于黑水城的记载少之又少， 说它毁于一场战乱，说它藏有大量珍宝。藏有珍宝的传说在20世纪初引来了一批批外国探险者，留下了一处处挖掘的痕迹。俄国人科兹洛夫就是其中的一位。公元1909年6月，科兹洛夫来到黑水城，在这里进行了9天的挖掘后，用骆驼驮走了40箱约上万件的西夏文物文献。
从此，黑水城消失了几个世纪。
在俄罗斯圣彼得堡艾米塔什博物馆的一个巨大抽屉里，放着许多陶瓷残片。这些碎片都是彼得·科兹洛夫通过科学考察从额济纳带去的。碎片是14世纪中叶元朝时期的。这些碎片当中比较珍贵的是上面带有钴的花纹，如果我们把它们重新复原，就可以想象得出它们当时精美的样子。在这个博物馆里，藏着中国存世最早的唐卡、最早的活字印刷品、世上绝无仅有的双头佛像、西夏党项人的容貌和服饰……这批珍贵的文物文献，编号有近万件之多，而被定名登录的只有8000余件。一张三米多长的文书，密密麻麻写了近200行的西夏文草书。它是一个户籍登记簿，上面记录了黑水城79户人家的户口登记情况。
裁去天地无用部分，突出主题。
黑水城和它所在的居延，在自身历史的绝大多数时间里，都是防御北方游牧民族的边防要塞，或者是连接南北的重要驿站。争战和农耕构成了这个城市日常生活的重要部分。当时的西夏王国共有12个监军司，一个军司相当于现在的一个军区。黑水城是黑水监军司的所在地。在黑水城地区常年驻守着一支军队。这支军队平时屯田练兵，战时或开赴前线，或守卫黑水城。与此对应，黑水城的居民也同时承担着生产劳动和参加军事战争的双重任务。千男就是黑水监军司中的一员，他的职务是“前内侍，正军” 。“前内侍”是西夏职官名称，既可参与防卫内宫，又可外派负责民事。
这些文物在圣彼得堡展出后，引起了极大的轰动。黑水城从此引起世人的关注。多了一个新的国际学科——西夏学。
从公元1372年开始，由于黑水河被人为改道，致使古居延海急剧萎缩，黑水城渐渐变成了一座空城。沙漠终于围拢了过来了，每当狂风大作，数以吨计的浮沙便倾泻而下，这里竟成为沙尘暴袭击下一个目标的中转站。
古居延海有多大呢？726平方公里。
黑水城外屯田区的水渠保障了大面积开荒、耕作和顺利生产的可能。汉代以来，一代代戍边人在这里修建了一条条水渠，把黑河水引入耕地。在关于千男一家的社会文献中，我们还可以找到某些渠道的名字，那些水渠直到今天仍然留有些许的遗迹，而它们灌溉过的大片的耕地早以变成了沙漠隔壁，那些劳作过的人甚至连坟丘都消失了。
在其东南35公里处，有一座更牛的城市，就叫额济纳城。
在额济纳旗曾经有一座名叫黑水城的古老城市。公元1226年2月，黑水城经历了一场血腥的战争，没有人能够活着出来。
www.7727s.com，漫漫黄沙爬上了城墙。
黑水城西夏时期近200年的历史，在战争结束后悄然结束。关于这场战争，至今没有发现任何详细的记载。在战争发生以后的近60年中，历史几乎是一片空白。几百年后，人们在勘探黑水城的时候，发现城墙遗址中竟还嵌套着一个更古老的小城，原来这才是西夏时期的黑水城，而套在它外面的是元代的亦集乃城。不知在什么时候蒙古人扩建了黑水城。公元1275年，意大利人马可·波罗来到这里，他看到的是一个绿洲之中生气盎然的城市。
白色的外表已斑斑驳驳。
黑水城在消失，明天人们会通过什么渠道找寻它呢？
见过征西将军的大军。
战争使黑水城屡遭洗劫，生灵涂炭，但也正因为战争，黑水城才变得如此重要。西夏人围绕着战争和兵器生活，在常年的征战中他们掌握了最优秀的冶炼技术，工艺精良的铁器不但可以满足具体的军用，而且也成为外交上的重要礼品和手段，用来贿赂各国的权臣，或是进贡给大国的皇室。宋钦宗佩戴的就是被誉为“天下第一剑”的夏国宝剑，苏东坡也曾得到一把西夏宝剑，视如珍宝
后来，丝绸之路改道海上，黑水城被废弃，逐渐为沙漠所吞噬，成为无人居住的“魔鬼城”。
那些文物文献当年藏身的西夏佛塔，它距离黑水城西城墙大约400米远。
连小水塘都没有。
可惜，好多文献文物至今还躺在俄国冬宫博物馆中，如中国存世最早的唐卡、最早的活字印刷品、世上绝无仅有的双头佛像……
往后退，退入沙漠。
沙，沙，沙，
史料上记载的万亩良田哪里去了？
色彩减淡。
利用广角镜头近大远小的夸张作用，突出沙丘上的波纹、脚印，弱化人群的作用。
科兹洛夫等人的盗掘，也造成了佛塔等文物的破坏。
变换角度，立体感强了，色彩也鲜艳了。
白塔见过城里熙熙攘攘的繁华。
对，就用胡杨枯枝做前景。
那么。黑水城的没落与水有关吗？也有关。
佛塔用土坯垒成，虽经数百年的风沙侵袭，依然耸立在那里，成为黑水城的标志性建筑。
有人互动，画面生动了。
1286年，元世祖忽必烈扩建此城，并设"亦集乃路总管府"。“亦集乃”为西夏党项语“额济纳”的音译。
佛塔太正，缺乏立体感。
什么概念？杭州西湖面积6.5平方公里。也就是说，古居延海比100个西湖还大。
索性黑白。
诉说着沧海桑田、桑田沙海的变化。<|endoftext|>The Base of the Skull comprises of the intracranial compartment below the brain parenchyma, the bony interface that supports the intracranial structures and extracranial structures that are a part of the face and the neck. This is one of the most complex anatomical areas of the body because it not only involves the brain, brainstem and the spine but also involves the area of passage of important neurovascular communications between these structures and the rest of the body. The bony interface between the intracranial and extracranial structures provides many conduits for the passage of the cranial nerves and vital arterial and venous systems. Pathology in this area can be challenging to treat due to the close association with the disease to the abovementioned vital structures.
With the advent of skull base surgery and advancement in surgical technique, it has become possible to access deep areas in the base of the skull with minimal retraction and disruption of neurological structures. The concept is to remove bone, displace extra cranial soft tissue to gain access, and control the vascular supply to lesions early; to make deep seated skull base lesions behave like more readily accessible convexity lesions, thereby applying less pressure on the brain itself.
WHAT ARE THE DISEASES OF THE SKULL BASE?
Diseases of the Skull Base include
- Vestibular Schwannomas (Acoustic Neuromas)
- Trigeminal Neuromas and Neuralgias
- Facial Nerve Neuromas
- Posterior Cranial Fossa & Sphenopetroclival Meningiomas
- Lower Cranial Nerve Schwannomas
- Petrous Bone Cholesteatomas
- Petrous Apex Cholesterol Granulomas
- Giant Cell tumors
- Temporal Bone Malignancies
- Skull Base Paragangliomas (Tympanojugular Paragangliomas)
- Skull Base Rhabdomyosarcomas
- Pituitary Adenomas
- Sino-nasal malignancies
- Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibromas
- Inverted Papillomas
- Sino-nasal mucoceles
- Carotid Body Tumors
- Parotid tumors
- Oropharyngeal tumors
- Other Skull Base tumors
WHAT ARE THE TREATMENT OPTIONS?
Treatment options for tumors of the Skull Base include three main modalities. Wait-and-Scan, Surgery and Radiotherapy. A Wait-and-Scan approach is usually employed for slow growing benign tumors that are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. Surgery and Radiotherapy are curative options. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment in most large malignant and benign tumors of the Skull Base. Surgery may achieve total or near-total disease clearance depending on the involvement of vital structures. Radiotherapy offers a non-invasive modality of treatment in certain smaller tumors, especially malignant ones.
The experts in the multidisciplinary team will give due consideration to all the characteristics of the disease before offering a comprehensive solution advocating any of the above modalities or a combination of them. All treatment options that will be advised will be based on the latest scientific evidence available in the medical literature.<|endoftext|>How has psychology been defined? Why do people have different
opinions about what psychology is and what it should be?
***Psychology has been defined in different ways. Some people
have defined psychology as an art. Other people have defined psychology
as a science. Many text books define psychology as the science
of mind and behavior. Psychology involves the study of human nature
and/or behavior. Different opinions come from different perspectives.***
Eric Pettifor at GIGANTOPITHECUS defines psychology as "an art which presents itself as science".
Eric is most interested in the area of personality psychology.
His web page provides various psych links to sites that cover
areas of humanistic psychology, teaching clinical psychology,
consciousness, and the Canadian Psychological Association.
H. D. Hamm Ph.D., who authored and maintains a site for Northern
Michigan University, defines psychology as the "scientific study of the behavior of humans and animals".
Dr. Hamm states that "there are many areas of psychology,
each attempting to explain behavior from a slightly different
perspective". He gives a brief discussion of what psychologists
in different areas are concerned with.
Tom Bolling at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington
defines psychology as a science of description and application
used for the "interpretation, prediction, development, and
improvement of human behavior" and that psychology was originally
a branch of philosophy.
The general psychology students at Valencia Community College
in Orlando, Florida provide a number of psychology definitions
in their unique presentation of "Definitions of Psychology"
which they've gathered from several sources.
Burrton Woodruff at Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana
developed an HTML Teaching Resource (WH3) called "Definition
of Psychology" where he gives many definitions of psychology.
Castleton State College in Castleton, Vermont provides a broad definition of psychology,
lists the skills that a student can gain by studying psychology,
and gives examples of possible careers for psychology graduates.
Return to Aspects of Psychology
Return to Definitions of Psychology<|endoftext|>Salus-Haus è un’azienda bavarese, fondata nel 1916 dal dottor Otto Greither e rimasta fino ad oggi di proprietà della famiglia.
Il Dr. Greither (1867-1930) studiò medicina, veterinaria e odontoiatria all’università di Monaco di Baviera e ottenne la licenza per praticare nel 1892. Una grave malattia lo motivò a fare ricerche sulla causa dei disordini del corpo umano. La sua conclusione fu che l’origine di molte malattie si doveva ricercare nei disturbi digestivi. Basandosi su questa convinzione, il Dr. Greither elaborò il “trattamento Salus” e nel 1916 fondò a Monaco di Baviera lo stabilimento “Salus-Werk” per produrre i suoi preparati curativi e salutistici.
In questi anni nasce il logo Salus, la figura dell’uomo che si ripara dalle frecce della malattia, oggi noto in tutto il mondo. Nel 1929 l’azienda cambia il nome nell’attuale “Salus-Haus”, continuando a ottenere un grande successo in tutta la Germania sotto la guida del Dr. Greither e dal 1930 della sua vedova. La gamma di prodotti offerti da Salus si amplia nel corso degli anni.
Nel 1945 il figlio del Dr. Greither, appena ventenne, raccoglie l’eredità del padre e con l’aiuto di alcuni collaboratori di un tempo ricostruisce l’azienda distrutta dai bombardamenti della guerra. Nel 1968 l’azienda si trasferisce a Bruckmühl per rispondere alla continua crescita della domanda di prodotti Salus.
Nel 1991, Salus acquisisce l’azienda Schoenenberger, produttrice dei succhi di pianta fresca. In questo modo, diventa l’azienda leader del mercato erboristico tedesco.<|endoftext|>1) Reilly published The Law of Retail Gravitation in 1931 after he realized that Newtons Law of Gravitation seemed to loosely express the empirical regularities he observed while conducting several trading area investigations for chain grocery stores in Texas during the late 1920s (Reilly, 1929).
If one adopted this hypothesis, then the law of retail gravitation could be used to calculate the breaking point" between two places, where customers will be drawn to one or another of two competing commercial centers (Anas, 1987, pp.
60) findings reinforced previous studies and again found that Reilly's law of retail gravitation provides a remarkably accurate delineation of the Charlotte retail trading area.
Scholars, retail executives, real estate investors, and urban planners enthusiastically embraced Reilly's Law of Retail Gravitation as an iron law of retail trade distribution, but at the same time a number of methodological amplifications were introduced in the 1960s and 1970s which culminated in the introduction of the "Huff model" (Applebaum, 1965, p.
The Huff model, which was first articulated in two articles published I in 1963 and 1964, incorporated these four modifications to Reilly's Law to construct an alternative model of retail gravitation based on consumer behavior theory and goods theory, rather than central place theory.
36) noted that his model "resembles the original model formulated by Reilly" but he argued that it differed from Reilly's Law of Retail Gravitation "in several
|
3 | 6 | 0 |
della forza per risolvere questo problema. La posizione della Germania, che si è anche astenuta dall'adozione di questa risoluzione, è simile a quella russa. Entrambi i paesi hanno domande ben precise: a cosa porterà l'operazione militare e cosa succederà dopo? Che tipo di forze di opposizione a Bengasi, per le quali la comunità occidentale ha deciso di alzarsi in piedi? Le risposte a queste domande non sono ancora state seguite.
È interessante notare che, prima del voto dell'ONU, il nostro ambasciatore è stato inviato a Tripoli, Vladimir Chamov. Molto probabilmente, la decisione sulle sue dimissioni non fu presa al ministero degli Esteri, ma al Cremlino, dove il comportamento del diplomatico era considerato inadeguato alla situazione attuale. Invece di proteggere gli interessi del proprio paese, l'ambasciatore trasmise gli interessi di uno stato straniero a Mosca, una versione delle dimissioni dell'ambasciatore portava Kommersant.
L'ambasciatore potrebbe soffrire perché ha dimenticato l'atteggiamento di politica estera che il presidente del paese ha dato ai nostri diplomatici in un incontro con i rappresentanti del corpo diplomatico in luglio 2010. Parlando dell'importanza dei processi democratici in Russia, Dmitrij Medvedev ha sottolineato che Mosca dovrebbe contribuire all'umanizzazione dei sistemi sociali non solo a casa ma anche nel mondo. Gli interessi della democrazia russa contribuiscono al maggior numero possibile di stati che hanno scelto lo stesso percorso di sviluppo, ha detto Dmitrij Medvedev all'epoca. Avendo fatto una riserva che tali standard non possono essere imposti unilateralmente a nessuno stato. In questo caso, il comportamento della Russia, che da un lato ha condannato la leadership della Libia e dall'altro non ha supportato una soluzione militare al problema, si inserisce in questo schema di difficile attuazione.
Il silenzio è oro
Subito dopo la comparsa delle prime notizie sulle vittime civili, sul sito web del ministero degli Esteri russo è apparso un comunicato in cui invitava i partecipanti all'operazione militare "ad astenersi dall'uso indiscriminato della forza militare". Pertanto, Mosca si è automaticamente allontanata dalle possibili conseguenze negative di un'operazione militare in Libia, comprese possibili vittime tra i civili. (Il ministero degli esteri della Cina ha fatto una dichiarazione nello stesso senso). Tale tattica, che è stata scelta dalla Russia nel conflitto, è probabile che gli consenta di ricavare dividendi piuttosto precisi da essa.
Alcune tendenze positive sono già emerse. Prima di tutto, questa crisi ha permesso al nostro paese non solo di non guastare, ma anche di migliorare i rapporti con l'Occidente. Ciò significa che l'operazione per rovesciare il dittatore non inciderà in alcun modo sul "ripristino" delineato delle relazioni con Washington e non interromperà la cooperazione con l'UE e la NATO, che ha iniziato a migliorare sotto Dmitry Medvedev.
Inoltre, senza diventare un ostacolo al rovesciamento di Muammar Gheddafi, la Russia ha il diritto di sperare nella gratitudine del futuro governo del paese, che salirà al potere in Libia dopo il rovesciamento del dittatore. La Russia non vuole perdere contratti multimilionari con questo stato, che sono stati firmati da Rosoboronexport, Russian Railways e Gazprom. E Mosca può contare su un risultato favorevole sotto questi contratti, perché anche nell'Iraq del dopoguerra, le compagnie russe potrebbero ancora ottenere un certo numero di depositi per l'uso.<|endoftext|>رویداد۲۴ واردات نفت چین از روسیه در ماه اکتبر به بالاترین حد رسید و موقعیت روسیه را به عنوان عرضه کننده برتر نفت به چین مستحکمتر کرد، در حالی که واردات چین از ایران به خاطر عدم اطمینان از معافیتهای آمریکا برای مشتریان نفت ایران، ماه گذشته کاهش یافت.
طبق گزارشهای رسیده، چین در ماه گذشته حدود ۱.۷۳ میلیون بشکه در روز نفت از روسیه وارد کرد که نسبت به اکتبر سال گذشته ۵۸ درصد افزایش داشت.
دلیل آن هم اشتهای پالایشگاههای مستقل برای پر کردن سهمیه وارداتشان در سال جاری بود.
میانگین واردات نفت چین از روسیه بین ماههای ژانویه تا اکتبر ۱.۷۳ میلیون بشکه در روز بود که نسبت به سال گذشته ۱۶.۶ درصد افزایش داشت.
از طرف دیگر ارسال محمولههای نفت ایران به چین ۶۴ درصد در سال جاری کاهش یافته است و در ماه اکتبر به ۲۴۷۱۶۹ بشکه در روز رسید. خریداران ایران به امید دریافت معافیت برای ادامه واردات نفت از ایران، حداقل تا ماه مه سال آینده میلادی، واردات از ایران را کاهش میدهند. واردات چین از ایران قبل از اعطای معافیت به هشت خریدار نفت ایران از جمله چین، در ماه اکتبر برای سومین ماه متوالی کاهش یافت.
عربستان سعودی، رقیب ایران و دومین عرضه کننده نفت به چین در ماه اکتبر ۱.۱۲ میلیون بشکه نفت به چین فرستاد که ۳.۴ درصد نسبت به سال گذشته افزایش داشت.
کل واردات نفت خام چین در اکتبر به بالاترین حد رسید و رکورد ماه آوریل سال جاری را شکست.
روسیه طی سال گذشته موقعیت خود را به عنوان بزرگترین عرضه کننده نفت خام به چین پس از عربستان تثبیت کرده است. خرید نفت خام از روسیه در سپتامبر به بالاترین حد ۱.۶۶ میلیون بشکه در روز رسید. در حالی که میانگین واردات از عربستان ۹۲۴۵۵۲ بشکه در روز بود.
حالا ارقام ماه اکتبر نشان میدهد که روسیه و عربستان ارسال محمولههای نفتی به چین را در ماه اکتبر افزایش دادهاند و روسیه با ۱.۷۳ میلیون بشکه در روز رکورد صادرات به چین را شکسته است.<|endoftext|>铝在空气中及焊接时极易氧化，生成的氧化铝（Al2O3）熔点高、非常稳定，不易去除。阻碍母材的熔化和熔合，氧化膜的比重大，不易浮出表面，易生成夹渣、未熔合、未焊透等缺欠。铝材的表面氧化膜和吸附大量的水分，易使焊缝产生气孔。焊接前应采用化学或机械方法进行严格表面清理，清除其表面氧化膜。在焊接过程加强保护，防止其氧化。钨极氩弧焊时，选用交流电源，通过“阴极清理”作用，去除氧化膜。气焊时，采用去除氧化膜的焊剂。在厚板焊接时，可加大焊接热量，例如，氦弧热量大，利用氦气或氩氦混合气体保护，或者采用大规范的熔化极气体保护焊，在直流正接情况下，可不需要“阴极清理”。<|endoftext|>Powdery mildew is one of the most important diseases of hop. If not managed appropriately, powdery mildew can lead to complete loss of marketable crops. Disease management is difficult and often incomplete in susceptible varieties. This is because, in part, no single tactic is adequate. Successful management requires an integrated set of practices — from cultural, biological and chemical tactics to the planting of resistant varieties. These best management practices can help growers minimize damage from the disease.
Powdery mildew susceptibility varies widely among hop varieties, ranging from entirely resistant to extremely susceptible. Planting resistant or less susceptible varieties is the most efficient means of managing powdery mildew. When markets allow, choose varieties that are least susceptible to the disease (Table 1). In general, most hop varieties are more susceptible to powdery mildew when grown in western Oregon than when grown in south-central Washington.
Table 1.Powdery mildew susceptibility in a range of hop varieties
Limited or no fungicides required
Typically <4 fungicide applications/year
Typically 4–8 fungicide applications/year
|Total yards||Yards with flag shoots||Yards without flag shoots||Flag shoot prevalence (%)|
|Poor or moderate||283||23||250||8.1|
|Ensure planting material
|Thorough spring pruning;
|Reduce nitrogen fertilization
as much as feasible
|Remove basal foliage||x||x||x||x||x|
|Manage cover crops/weeds||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|
|Avoid excessive irrigation||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|
|First fungicide application||x||x|
with contact activity
into downy mildew program
|General period for use
of sulfur fungicides
|Use of drip-applied fungicides||x||x||x|
|Use of foliar-applied fungicides with excellent residual and
|Use of most efficacious fungicides on cones||x||x|
|Apply fungicides up to
preharvest interval for maximum disease control
|Quantity coverage; adjust sprayer for maximum coverage||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|
|Communicate disease levels||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x||x|
|Monitor dry matter to time harvest||x||x|
The powdery mildew fungus can travel long distances — multiple miles — as airborne spores. Knowing where the disease is present in the region helps growers gauge the hazard of infection due to inoculum originating from other yards or farms. Disease spread is mostly localized to a few miles in spring. Later in the summer, it can disperse over longer distances.
Cone dehydration and maturation accelerate in the presence of powdery mildew. In varieties such as Galena and Zeus, monitor dry matter early and harvest before dry matter exceeds approximately 25.5% to maintain cone color and minimize crop losses during picking (Figure 6).
Gent, D.H., G.G. Grove, M.E. Nelson, S.N. Wolfenbarger and J.L. Woods. 2014. Crop damage caused by powdery mildew on hop and its relationship to late season management. Plant Pathology
Gent, D. H., C. Probst, M.E. Nelson, G.G. Grove, S.T. Massie and M.C. Twomey. 2016. Interaction of basal foliage removal and late season fungicide applications in management of hop powdery mildew. Plant Disease
Gent, D.H., W.F. Mahaffee, W.W. Turechek, C.M. Ocamb, M.C. Twomey, J.L. Woods and C. Probst. 2019. Risk factors for bud perennation of Podosphaera macularis on hop. Phytopathology
Nelson, M.E., D.H. Gent and G.G. Grove. 2015. Meta-analysis reveals a critical period for management of powdery mildew on hop cones. Plant Disease
Probst, C., M.E. Nelson, G.G. Grove, M.C. Twomey and D.H. Gent. 2016. Hop powdery mildew control through alteration of spring pruning practices. Plant Disease
Twomey, M.C., S.N. Wolfenbarger, J.L. Woods and D.H. Gent. 2015. Development of partial ontogenic resistance to powdery mildew in hop cones. PloS ONE
Wolfenbarger, S., S.T. Massie, E.B. Eck, G.G. Grove, M.E. Nelson, C. Probst, M.C. Twomey and D.H. Gent. 2016. Distribution and characterization of Podosphaera macularis virulent on hop cultivars possessing R6-based resistance to powdery mildew. Plant Disease 100(6):1212-1221.<|endoftext|>İsrail'in El Halil çevresinde ve şehirdeki sokak girişlerinde sık sık uyguladığı engel ve bariyerler bölgeye giriş-çıkışları kısıtladığı gibi çarşı ve pazardaki hareketliliğin zayıflamasına buna bağlı olarak pek çok esnafın dükkanını kapatmasına neden oluyor.
Yaklaşık 7 bin Filistinlinin yaşadığı Eski Şehir'in çarşı ve pazarlarında, ramazan ayının gelmesiyle kısmi bir hareketlilik gözleniyor.
Mescid-i Aksa'dan sonra kutsal mekanlar açısından Filistin topraklarındaki en önemli ikinci yer olarak addedilen Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'ne ev sahipliği yapması, Eski Şehir'deki ramazan hareketliliğinin en önemli etkeni olarak gösteriliyor.
Tarihi açıdan Batı Şeria'nın nabzı konumundaki El Halil'in Eski Şehir beldesinde, çok sayıda çarşı ve dükkan yer alıyor. Ancak İsrail'in 1967'deki işgaliyle beldede başlayan sıkıntıların, tarihe "Harem-i İbrahim Katliamı" olarak geçen 1994'teki cami saldırısının ardından yıllar içinde giderek arttığı belirtiliyor.
Fanatik Yahudi yerleşimci Baruch Goldstein'ın, 25 Şubat 1994'te El Halil'de bulunan Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'nde sabah namazını kılan Filistinlilerin üzerine ateş açması sonucu 29 kişi şehit olmuş, 150'den fazla kişi yaralanmıştı.
İsrail, olayın ardından faili cezalandırmak ve yerleşimcilerin hareketini kısıtlamak yerine, Filistinlilerin Eski Şehir'e ve Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'ne erişim prosedürlerini sıkılaştırdı ve merkez çarşısı El-Hisba ile ana caddelerden Eş-Şuheda başta olmak üzere pazarları ve hayati öneme sahip yolları kapattı.
Filistin'de 2000 yılında patlak veren Aksa İntifadası'nın (2. İntifada) ardından İsrail yönetiminin uyguladığı askeri tedbirler de Eski Şehir'in belini büken ikinci darbe oldu.
İsrail, beldede daha fazla çarşı ve pazarı kapattı, askeri noktalar ile bariyerleri artırdı.
İsrail askerlerinin Eski Şehir'deki "daraltıcı" politikası
El Halil Belediye Başkanı Yusuf el-Caberi, yaptığı açıklamada, Eski Şehir'in yaklaşık 20 yıldır İsrail'in Filistinlilere ve Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'ne uyguladığı ihlallere tanıklık ettiğini belirtti.
Caberi, beldede oluşturulan İsrail'e ait onlarca askeri kontrol noktası neticesinde ortaya çıkan hukuksuz uygulamalar nedeniyle çok sayıda esnafın dükkanını kapatmak zorunda kaldığını anlattı.
Beldenin ramazan ayında binlerce ziyaretçi çektiğine işaret eden Caberi, mübarek ayda hayatın normale döndüğü Eski Şehir'in diğer aylarda ise ziyaretçisinin olmadığını kaydetti.
Eski Şehir'den ayrılmak zorunda kalan Filistinlilerin yeniden beldeye yerleşebilmeleri için "El Halil İmar Komitesi" kurulduğunu hatırlatan Caberi, bundan 20 yıl önce yaklaşık 400 olan belde nüfusunun, belediyenin çalışmaları ve bu komite sayesinde şu an 5 bine kadar yükseldiği bilgisini verdi.
Caberi, "İsrail'in uyguladığı politikaların yanı sıra verdiği askeri talimatlar gereği kapatılan ve açılamayan yüzlerce dükkan mevcut." ifadelerini kullandı.
Bazı esnaflar dükkanlarını sadece ramazan ayında açıyor
Turşucu Nesim eş-Şeludi, "Ramazan ayından önce bazı günler hiç siftah yapamadan kepenk indiriyorduk. Mübarek ayın girmesiyle çarşı ve pazarlar hareketlendi." dedi.
Bazı esnafların dükkanlarını sadece ramazan ayında açtığını söyleyen Şeludi, mübarek ayın girmesiyle Eski Şehir'deki Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'ne yönelik ziyaretlerin arttığını bunun da çarşı ve pazarda hareketliliğe yol açtığını dile getirdi.
Eski Şehir'deki ramazan bereketinde Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'nin etkisi
Eski Şehir'de yaklaşık 15 yıldır kuruyemiş dükkanı bulunan Tahsin el-Muhtesib, ramazan ayının gelişiyle işlerinin arttığını belirtti.
Yeni tip koronavirüs (Kovid-19) salgınının, İsrail'in beldeyi boğan askeri uygulamalarının sonuçlarını daha da şiddetlendirdiğine işaret eden Muhtesib, geçen yıla göre bu sene önlemlerin biraz daha hafiflemesiyle ticari hareketliliğin kısmen arttığını söyledi.
Muhtesib, "Bu sene ramazan ayındaki ticari hareketlilik geçen yıla göre daha iyi, insanlar alışveriş için geliyor." dedi.
Harem-i İbrahim Camiisi'nin bu hareketlilikteki rolünün göz ardı edilemeyeceğine dikkati çeken Muhtesib, "İslami ve tarihi bir miras olan Harem-i İbrahim Camisi, Eski Şehir'deki hareketliliği arttırıyor." diye konuştu.
Ramazan ayındaki bu hareketlilik nedeniyle dükkanındaki ürünleri çeşitlendirmeye çalıştığını ifade eden Muhtesib, özellikle cuma günleri pazarda kayda değer canlılık yaşandığını dile getirdi.
Eski Şehir'de bakkallık yapan Naim en-Netşe de Harem-i İbrahim Camisi'nin mevcut ticari hareketliliğe büyük katkısı olduğunu ifade etti.
Netşe, herkese işgal güçlerinin ve yerleşimcilerin uygulamalarından çekinmeden, korkmadan Eski Şehir'i ziyaret etmeleri çağrısında bulundu.
Harem-i İbrahim, Yahudi inancına göre Mescid-i Aksa'da olduğuna inanılan "Süleyman Mabedi"nden sonra yeryüzündeki en kutsal mabet olarak kabul ediliyor.
Birleşmiş Milletler Eğitim, Bilim ve Kültür Örgütü'ne (UNESCO) bağlı Dünya Miras Komitesi,
|
3 | 6 | 1 |
and when wind blows, the air brings in a lot of dust. This happens primarily in the winter,” he said.
The study places Delhi at number 4 on the list of most polluted cities.
Dr S Tripathi of IIT Kanpur said China seemed to be doing much better than India as far as curbing pollution was concerned. “There are several sources of pollution in India, such as household fumes, solid fuel burning, power plant emissions and trash burning, which have turned out to be major contributors. We need to do something about this. It is a matter of great concern,” he said.
International climate experts also echo similar concerns. “India should see the connection between pollution, climate change and health. Pollution is a particularly big problem in its cities. Secondly, they need to look at the long-term development pathway, and figure out how India can be turned into a zero carbon emitter in the future,” said European Climate Foundation chief Executive officer Laurence Tubiana.
Ms Tubiana also said that India can no longer afford to treat pollution and climate action as secondary topics in the prevailing political discourse. “You have to see the health issues. This has to be part of the election debate, alongside employment and poverty reduction,” she said.<|endoftext|>تعداد کالری مصرفی در کاراته می تواند بسته به عوامل مختلفی مانند شدت، مدت زمان، وزن بدن و سطح آمادگی فردی متفاوت باشد. به طور متوسط، یک فرد می تواند تقریباً 400-600 کالری در ساعت در طول یک جلسه کاراته با شدت متوسط بسوزاند. با این حال، تمرینات شدیدتر یا جلسات تمرینی طولانی تر می تواند منجر به مصرف کالری بیشتر شود.
کالری مصرفی کاراته چه تاثیری در کاهش وزن دارد؟
کاراته می تواند تاثیر قابل توجهی در کاهش وزن داشته باشد زیرا ورزش قلبی عروقی را با تمرینات قدرتی ترکیب می کند. هنگامی که به طور منظم و همراه با یک رژیم غذایی سالم تمرین کنید، در اینجا چند راه وجود دارد که کاراته می تواند به کاهش وزن کمک کند:
- افزایش کالری سوزی: کاراته شامل حرکات شدید، لگد، مشت و تکنیک های مختلف است که تقریباً تمام ماهیچه های بدن را درگیر می کند. این منجر به افزایش مصرف انرژی، ضربان قلب بالاتر و کالری سوزی بیشتر در طول و بعد از یک جلسه کاراته می شود.
- بهبود آمادگی قلبی عروقی: تمرین منظم کاراته با افزایش ظرفیت قلب و ریه به بهبود سلامت قلب و عروق کمک می کند. تمرینات هوازی شدید در تمرینات کاراته به سوزاندن چربی و افزایش متابولیسم کمک می کند و به کاهش وزن کمک می کند.
- عضله سازی: کاراته شامل حرکات مختلفی است که نیاز به قدرت، تعادل و هماهنگی دارد. در نتیجه، تمرین کاراته می تواند به ساخت توده عضلانی بدون چربی کمک کند. از آنجایی که ماهیچه ها کالری بیشتری نسبت به چربی می سوزانند، داشتن عضله بیشتر می تواند سرعت متابولیسم شما را افزایش دهد و به کاهش وزن کمک کند.
- بهبود انعطاف پذیری و چابکی: تمرین کاراته شامل کشش و حرکات مختلف است که انعطاف پذیری را افزایش می دهد. افزایش انعطافپذیری دامنه وسیعتری از حرکات را امکانپذیر میکند و به جلوگیری از آسیبهای حین ورزش کمک میکند و به افراد امکان میدهد در فعالیتهای بدنی دیگری شرکت کنند که به کاهش وزن کمک بیشتری میکند.
- کاهش استرس: کاراته نه تنها یک تمرین بدنی بلکه نوعی هنر رزمی است که بر نظم، تمرکز و رفاه ذهنی تاکید دارد. تمرین منظم می تواند به کاهش استرس و افزایش سلامت روانی کلی کمک کند. کاهش استرس برای کاهش وزن مفید است زیرا هورمونهای استرس میتوانند به افزایش وزن کمک کنند و مانع تلاشهای کاهش وزن شوند.
توجه به این نکته مهم است که کاهش وزن به عواملی مانند تلاش فردی، شدت تمرین، مدت زمان و دفعات تمرین و همچنین رژیم غذایی و سبک زندگی کلی بستگی دارد. توصیه می شود با یک متخصص بهداشت یا مربی کاراته برای راهنمایی شخصی در مورد چگونگی ترکیب کاراته در سفر کاهش وزن مشورت کنید.
کالری مصرفی کاراته چگونه باعث کاهش وزن می شود؟
کاراته یک هنر رزمی فیزیکی است که شامل حرکات شدید است که می تواند به چندین روش به کاهش وزن کمک کند:
- ورزش قلبی عروقی: کاراته شامل جلسات تمرینی شدید با حرکات مداوم مانند مشت زدن، لگد زدن، و روتین های سریع است. این تمرینات ضربان قلب شما را افزایش می دهد، استقامت قلبی عروقی را تقویت می کند و کالری می سوزاند که به کاهش وزن کمک می کند.
- افزایش توده عضلانی: کاراته از گروه های عضلانی مختلف در سراسر بدن استفاده می کند که منجر به رشد و تقویت عضلات می شود. توده عضلانی بیشتر منجر به افزایش متابولیسم می شود و به بدن شما اجازه می دهد حتی در حالت استراحت کالری بسوزاند.
- بهبود انعطاف پذیری و چابکی: کاراته شامل تمرینات کششی و حرکات پویا است که انعطاف پذیری و چابکی را افزایش می دهد. این امر تحرک کلی بدن و دامنه حرکتی را بهبود می بخشد و به شما امکان می دهد تمرینات مختلف را به طور موثرتری انجام دهید و کالری بیشتری بسوزانید.
- فواید ذهنی و عاطفی: کاراته فقط یک فعالیت بدنی نیست، بلکه رشته ای است که نیاز به تمرکز، تمرکز و نظم دارد. درگیر شدن در تمرین منظم کاراته می تواند سطح استرس و اضطراب را کاهش دهد و همچنین بهزیستی ذهنی و عاطفی را بهبود بخشد. این عوامل می توانند با کاهش خوردن احساسی یا عادات ناسالم در میان وعده به کاهش وزن کمک کنند.
با این حال، توجه به این نکته مهم است که برای کاهش وزن قابل توجه، کاراته باید با یک رژیم غذایی متعادل و سایر اشکال ورزش ترکیب شود. مشاوره با یک مربی یا متخصص تغذیه حرفه ای می تواند به ایجاد یک برنامه کاهش وزن شخصی که متناسب با نیازها و اهداف شما باشد کمک کند.
تاثیر رژیم غذایی و کالری مصرفی کاراته در کاهش وزن چیست؟
تأثیر رژیم غذایی و کاراته در کاهش وزن می تواند بسیار قابل توجه باشد که در کنار هم استفاده شود.
1-رژیم غذایی:
– رژیم غذایی نقش مهمی در کاهش وزن دارد زیرا مستقیماً بر دریافت کالری تأثیر می گذارد. با کنترل اندازه وعده ها و مصرف یک رژیم غذایی متعادل و مغذی، می توانید کمبود کالری ایجاد کنید که برای کاهش وزن ضروری است.
– رژیم غذایی متشکل از غذاهای کامل مانند میوه ها، سبزیجات، پروتئین های بدون چربی و غلات کامل می تواند مواد مغذی ضروری را فراهم کند و در عین حال مصرف کالری های خالی موجود در غذاهای فرآوری شده، نوشیدنی های شیرین و میان وعده های پرچرب را کاهش دهد.
– پیروی از یک رژیم غذایی با کالری محدود می تواند به ایجاد یک برنامه کاهش وزن پایدار و سالم کمک کند.
- کاراته:
– کاراته که یک فعالیت بدنی بسیار فعال است، می تواند با سوزاندن کالری و افزایش مصرف انرژی به کاهش وزن کمک کند.
– تمرین منظم کاراته نیاز به فعالیت بدنی قابل توجهی دارد که می تواند به رشد توده عضلانی بدون چربی و افزایش متابولیسم کمک کند. این به نوبه خود به سوزاندن کالری بیشتر کمک می کند.
– کاراته شامل حرکات شدید مانند لگد، مشت و اشکال مختلف تمرینات هوازی است. این فعالیت ها می تواند به بهبود سلامت قلب و عروق و افزایش استقامت کمک کند.
– علاوه بر این، کاراته می تواند به کاهش سطح استرس، بهبود تمرکز ذهنی و ارتقای حس نظم و انگیزه کمک کند، که می تواند برای پایبندی به سفر کاهش وزن مفید باشد.
با این حال، توجه به این نکته مهم است که کاهش وزن در نهایت به تعادل کلی کالری بستگی دارد. در حالی که کاراته می تواند یک جزء ارزشمند باشد، ترکیب آن با یک رژیم غذایی متعادل برای دستیابی به نتایج کاهش وزن بهینه ضروری است. مشاوره با یک متخصص مراقبت های بهداشتی یا متخصص تغذیه ثبت شده برای تنظیم رژیم غذایی و برنامه ورزشی مناسب بر اساس نیازها و اهداف فردی توصیه می شود.
در کاراته چه رژیمی را باید رعایت کرد؟
هیچ رژیم غذایی خاصی وجود ندارد که در کاراته مورد نیاز باشد یا به طور جهانی رعایت شود. با این حال، حفظ یک رژیم غذایی متعادل و سالم برای عملکرد مطلوب و رفاه کلی مهم است. در اینجا برخی از دستورالعمل های غذایی وجود دارد که بسیاری از کاراته کاران از آنها پیروی می کنند:
- از انواع غذاهای غنی از مواد مغذی استفاده کنید: ترکیبی از میوه ها، سبزیجات، غلات کامل، پروتئین های بدون چربی (مانند مرغ، ماهی، توفو، حبوبات) و چربی های سالم (مانند آجیل، دانه ها، آووکادو) را شامل شود. این ویتامین ها، مواد معدنی و سایر مواد مغذی ضروری را فراهم می کند.
- هیدراته بمانید: در طول روز، به خصوص قبل، حین و بعد از جلسات تمرینی کاراته، مقدار زیادی آب بنوشید تا از کم آبی بدن جلوگیری کنید.
- وعده های غذایی خود را زمان بندی کنید: برای حفظ سطح انرژی و حمایت از ریکاوری عضلات، به طور منظم وعده های غذایی متعادل بخورید. برخی از افراد ممکن است از خوردن یک میان وعده کوچک با کربوهیدرات و پروتئین قبل از تمرین برای انرژی بیشتر سود ببرند.
- غذاهای فرآوری شده و قندهای اضافه شده را محدود کنید: مصرف غذاهای فرآوری شده، نوشیدنی های شیرین و تنقلات را به حداقل برسانید زیرا می توانند بر سطح انرژی و سلامت کلی تأثیر منفی بگذارند.
- مصرف پروتئین را در نظر بگیرید: مصرف پروتئین کافی برای حمایت از رشد و ترمیم عضلات مهم است. اگر از رژیم گیاهخواری یا وگان پیروی می کنید، مطمئن شوید که منابع پروتئینی کافی مانند گوشت بدون چربی، ماهی، لبنیات، حبوبات و پروتئین های گیاهی را در رژیم غذایی خود قرار داده اید.
- به بدن خود گوش دهید: توجه داشته باشید که غذاهای مختلف چه احساسی در شما ایجاد می کنند و رژیم غذایی خود را بر اساس آن تنظیم کنید. برخی از افراد ممکن است نیازها یا محدودیت های غذایی خاصی داشته باشند، بنابراین مهم است که آنچه را که برای شما مناسب است پیدا کنید.
به یاد داشته باشید، همیشه مفید است که با یک متخصص تغذیه یا متخصص تغذیه که می تواند مشاوره های شخصی را بر اساس نیازها و اهداف خاص شما ارائه دهد، مشورت کنید.<|endoftext|>没人在乎你知识有多渊博，除非他能感受你多在乎他。使徒保罗在开始写《罗马书》第9章的时候，所想的大约就是这样。在这五节的经文里揭示了：第一， 它们揭示了使徒保罗传基督的福音如此有成效的奥秘。第二， 它们回答了一个重要的问题：我们如何才能带领我们的亲友相信主耶稣？
罗马书9章1-5节：
我在基督里说真话，并不谎言，有我良心被圣灵感动，给我作见证；我是大有忧愁，心里时常伤痛；为我弟兄，我骨肉之亲，就是自己被咒诅，与基督分离，我也愿意。他们是以色列人；那儿子的名分、荣耀、诸约、律法、礼仪、应许都是他们的。列祖就是他们的祖宗，按肉体说，基督也是从他们出来的，祂是在万有之上，永远可称颂的神。阿们！
这个礼拜，我们将要开始一个新的《圣经》讲道系列，名为《了解神的计划》。期间，我们将一同来查考《罗马书》9-11章。这几章经文可能是整本《圣经新约》中最为人们所忽视的。至少它们是整本《罗马书》中最被忽视的章节。我的书库里有一本书是一位非常有名的布道家的讲道集，其中有一系列的讲道是关于《罗马书》1至8章的。很自然的，你会期待再读下去就该是有关9-11章的讲道了。然而，结果却并非如此，他完全跳过了这三章的经文，直接开始讲第12章的1-2节。不可思议的是，很多人研读《罗马书》的时候都是如此。我最近花了一些时间来观察讲员们在宣讲《罗马书》时，是否都采取相同的方式。结果表明，大多数讲员并没有跳章。如果一个讲员要宣讲《罗马书》，一定不能跳过9-11章。不过这些讲员中很多人是尽可能地快速带过。他们可能用上7篇讲道来讲第8章，但是到9-11章时，基本上是每章只用一两篇讲道概括。然后到第12章，进入到“应用”的部分时，他们又会慢下来详解经句。
很遗憾，很多人略过《罗马书》9-11章是因为他们认为这三章的经文艰涩难懂。这是非常可惜的事，因为这些《圣经》章节能够帮助我们了解神的计划。如果要给这个系列加一个小标题的话，我想应该是“基督徒的世界观”，再具体一点的话，就是“基督徒的历史观”。这是从神的角度来看待人类历史。
我前面提到过有人略过这几章是因为他们读不懂。有些讲员把这几章称为使徒保罗的论证里的“括弧内容”，就是说它们只是脚注而已。如果真是这样，这可谓是一段巨幅脚注。另一些人回避这些章节的原因则是它们谈及一些有争议的神学问题，特别是令人头痛的预定，拣选和救恩里神的主权等。可是，使徒保罗完全没有试图回避。他从第9章开始就逐一处理这些问题。有些人宁愿选择不去面对保罗的这些相关的教导，所以他们宁可不查考这些章节。再有，这些章节显得不讨喜的原因是其中的内容好像和我们21世纪的生活并不相关。使徒保罗在《罗马书》1-8章中已经陈明了因信称义的基要真理，解决了谁是真以色列人的问题。可以这样讲，如果神的应许原本是赐予以色列人的（确实是的），并且如果弥赛亚本身也出于以色列人（祂的确是），并且如果如今救恩是白白地赐予所有信靠主耶稣的人（当然是的），缘何以色列民族不仅在弥赛亚在世的时候弃绝祂，并且直至今日都不肯相信祂？
难道神已经取消了祂对以色列人的应许吗？
难道以色列人的悖逆使他们失去了原本在神救恩计划中的位份？
难道神食言了吗？
神对于以色列民的未来有计划吗?
外邦人和以色列民在神的计划中有何关联？
主耶稣是犹太人
也可以换一种说法。如果连祂的选民都弃绝了神，怎么能说神有一个全人类的救恩计划？不合理，不是吗？这一根本问题延续至今。当我们查考第11章的时候，我们就会看到，使徒保罗讲到灵里的“瞎眼”让犹太人无法接纳主耶稣基督。这种灵里的瞎眼并不是遍及全体，因为每天都有犹太人归向基督。犹太人中信靠主耶稣的人所占的比例很小，但是却在逐渐增长。也正因此，我们看到越来越多的机构成立，专门向犹太人传扬救恩的好消息。
主耶稣是犹太人。
所有的使徒都是犹太人。
早期的信徒也都是犹太人。
《圣经新约》中除了两卷以外，其余全部是犹太人所著。
那么，犹太人为何弃绝主耶稣？他们的弃绝是永久的吗？从犹太人的弃绝中，我们对神的计划有什么样的认识？
有人可能觉得这些问题太学术化，但是上个世纪有一个叫希特勒的疯子企图灭绝整个犹太种族。如今也有人恨恶犹太人，盼着这个国家覆灭。就连教会内部，也常有人以犹太人对神的弃绝为借口迫害他们。
讲到这里，我知道很多人还是觉得这些章节过于理论化。使徒保罗大篇幅地引用《旧约》中的经文，并使用它们论证他的观点。他甚至使用了犹太人的写作手法来表明他的观点。这也并不稀奇，因为保罗是作为一个犹太拉比被培养的。可是，如果我们不好好静下心来思考，我们很容易就像那位有名的布道家一样，完全略过9-11章。那将会是一个可悲的错误，因为在以色列人不信的问题之外，还有一个更重要的问题，是关乎神的信实。
神是否会实现祂的应许？
如果会，那么祂还会耽延多久？
为什么我一直祷告，祷告， 再祷告，但
|
3 | 6 | 2 |
spectrum in draining the semantic swamp of “personalized learning.”
*None of the 17 teachers I observed taught wholly online so I do not include any examples here. Many of the teachers I watched, however, used a combination of online resources, teacher-directed lessons, and small-groups to “personalize learning” while conveying prescribed knowledge and skills aligned to Common Core standards adopted by the state of California.<|endoftext|>什么叫上巳节 上巳节是什么节日由来
导读：上巳节是我国重要的传统节日之一，不过大家对这个节日知之甚少，甚至不知道上巳节时间在什么时候，更别说上巳节的习俗活动了。想知道什么叫上巳节，上巳节是什么节日由来，就别错过小编的介绍哦。
上巳节
什么叫上巳节
俗称三月三，古称上巳节，是一个纪念黄帝的节日。相传三月三是黄帝的诞辰，中原地区自古有“二月二，龙抬头；三月三，生轩辕”的说法。魏晋以后，上巳节改为三月三，后代沿袭，遂成水边饮宴、郊外游春的节日。
传统的上巳节在农历三月的第一个巳日，也是祓禊的日子，即春浴日。上巳节又称女儿节。上巳节和花朝节一样，正逐渐被人们所淡忘。
上巳节是什么节日由来
“上巳”最早出现在汉初的文献。
《周礼》郑玄注：“岁时祓除，如今三月上巳如水上之类”。据记载，春秋时期上巳节已在流行。
上巳节是古代举行“祓除畔浴”活动中最重要的节日。
上巳节
《论语》：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”就是写的当时的情形。
宋代以后，理学盛行，礼教渐趋森严，上巳节风俗在中国文化中渐渐衰微。
另外，三月三上巳节与九月九重阳节相对应，正如汉刘歆《西京杂记》称：“三月上巳，九月重阳，使女游戏，就此祓禊登高。
”一个在暮春，一个在暮秋，踏青和辞青也随之进入高潮。
上巳节为什么要吃鸡蛋
据古代相传，在楚地人们因为风吹雨打，头痛病很常见。三月初三，神农路过云梦泽（今孝感），见乡民头疼难耐，他找来野鸡蛋和地菜，煮给人们充饥。当人们吃了以后，头不痛了，“三月三，吃地菜煮鸡蛋，一年不头疼”的习俗也延续至今。每年的农历三月又正是地菜花开得正茂的时候，每年农历三月，大家都纷纷去采集地菜花煮着鸡蛋吃，久而久之，就成了一种习俗。
鸡蛋
地菜又叫荠菜，虽是野菜，但营养丰富，含有大量的胡萝卜素、B维生素和维生素C，而且钙、铁的含量也比较高，具有清热止血、清肝明目、利尿消肿之功效。
吃荠菜煮鸡蛋的好处
农历三月初三，老南京有吃荠菜煮鸡蛋的习俗，老人们说，吃了可以一年当中腰腿不疼、头不疼。南京民俗专家王涌坚说，三月三吃荠菜煮鸡蛋的来历，说法有很多种。相传名医华佗有天采药时偶遇大雨，便在一老者家中避雨。见老者因头痛痛苦难熬，便采来一把荠菜，嘱咐老者用荠菜煮鸡蛋吃。老者吃了3个鸡蛋后便痊愈了。还有一种说法是，每年农历三月初三是汉人迎接祖先灵魂的日子，用吃鸡蛋的方式纪念祖先，并希望沾点灵气。
结语：以上是小编整理的“什么叫上巳节，上巳节是什么节日由来”内容，希望能够给大家带来帮助。<|endoftext|>得知科比去世后詹姆斯痛哭！独自离去擦拭眼泪
得知科比去世后的詹姆斯泣不成声
北京时间1月27日，据美媒体报道，湖人队传奇巨星科比-布莱恩特在一起直升机失事中不幸遇难。当湖人队的飞机返回洛杉矶之后，勒布朗-詹姆斯在走出飞机时悲伤痛哭。
昨天湖人客场与76人的比赛中，詹姆斯的职业生涯总得分超过科比并升至NBA历史第三。赛后，科比通过社交媒体向詹姆斯表示祝贺，而詹姆斯在接受采访时花了很长时间谈论他和科比之间的故事。
今天，洛杉矶传来噩耗，科比乘坐的一架直升机失事坠毁，机上的人员全部遇难，除了科比之外，还有科比的二女儿Gigi。
当湖人队的飞机从费城返回洛杉矶之后，走出飞机的詹姆斯非常难过，他先是和一位工作人员拥抱并痛哭流涕，之后詹姆斯一个人孤独地走着，不断用纸巾擦拭泪水。
（罗森）<|endoftext|>What are cookies
Cookies are small text files sent from the site to the end user (usually to the browser), where they are stored before being forwarded to the site upon subsequent visits by the same user.
A cookie cannot retrieve other types of data from the user’s hard drive, cannot under any circumstances transmit computer viruses or capture email addresses.
Each cookie is unique to the user’s browser. Some of the cookies functions can be delegated to other technologies. In this document the term ‘cookie’ will refer to both the cookies, in the strict sense, and to similar technologies.
Types of Cookies
According to their characteristics and functionality cookies can be divided into several categories:
In this category cookies are used for the sole purpose of “carrying out transmission over the electronic communications network, or as strictly necessary for a service provider explicitly requested by the subscriber or user to deliver such a service “(cfr. art. 122, paragraph 1, of the Code).
They are not used for other purposes and are usually installed by the owner or the person who manages the website. They can be divided into:
- Navigation cookies or sessions, necessary to ensure the normal navigation and use of the website they are actually functional for its smooth operation;
- analytics cookies, similar to the technical cookies when used directly by the site operator to collect data in aggregate form, the number of users and how they interact with its content, in order to improve overall performance of the site; (See below point to Google Analytics cookies)
- functionality of cookies , that allow a user browsing the function of a set of selected criteria (e.g. , language ) with the aim to improve the enjoyment . The installation of these cookies does not require consent from the user .
Cookie profiling, also called web profiling, is the use of persistent or permanent cookies to track a user’s overall activity online. This tracking does not just happen when you are on a particular site, but it occurs the whole time you are browsing.
Cookies are used to create “profiles” on the user and are used in order to send advertising messages in line with the preferences expressed by the same part of surfing the net. (Identify the “interests” of individual users anonymously to improve their surfing experience) The use of profiling cookies requires consent. Under current rules the user can decide whether to authorize or refuse consent to the installation of these cookies using the instructions provided in the section “Cookie Management.” In the case of third party cookies (all cookies related to the use of social networks), the site has no direct control of individual files (or cannot install them directly or remove them). The user can still manage cookies in this category by changing the settings of the browser (detailed instructions follow), or online resources reported in “Cookie Management.” We invite our users to verify the procedure on the site of the third party (the list is available below). What follows is the full list of technical cookies currently present within our website:
We use these cookies to optimize your browsing experience. You can choose to disable them but this choice could be to the detriment of the proper display of the web site and its ease of use.
Google Analytics uses “cookies” to collect and analyze in a completely anonymous way information about user experience within a web site (including your IP address). This information retrieved by the cookie about your use of our website is normally transmitted to and stored on the Google server in the USA. We take advantage of this type of cookies only to develop and improve our content for the end-user.
We remind you that Google operates in full compliance with the provisions of the Convention on the Protection of Data “US-Safe-Harbor” and is registered in the “Safe Harbor” program of the Ministry of American Business. Google will consequently use the information collected for the sole purpose of evaluating your use of our website, to draw up protocols on website activity and to provide other services relating to website activity and internet usage. Google may transfer this information to third parties only in cases where there are any legal requirements or for the purpose of data processing. In no case Google will associate your data with other data collected by Google.
You may at any time selectively disable the action of monitoring by installing Google Analytics on your browser the opt-out plugin provided by Google. For more information see the following link:
Google Adwords Remarketing
Google Adwords Remarketing lets you show ads to people who’ve visited your website. When people leave your website without buying anything, for example, remarketing helps you reconnect with them by showing relevant ads as they browse the web, or as they search on Google.
For more information on remarketing o to find out how to disable these cookies please read the following links: https://support.google.com/adwords/answer/2407785?hl=en e http://www.google.com/settings/ads
Facebook utilizes cookies to allow sharing features such as “like” on one’s own wall. For more information please read https://www.facebook.com/about/privacy
Cookies have varying lengths, based on the expiration time at the time you install your browser.
They can in each case be divided into:
– Session cookies: files used to store temporary information, allowing you to connect the actions performed during a specific session. They are removed from the computer when the browser is closed;
– Persistent cookies: used to store information such as the name and password for access, to save the user the need to type them again each time a particular website is visited. This data is stored on your computer even after the browser is closed.
As a user of our site you may exercise the rights recognized by art. 7 of Legislative Decree no. No 196/2003 any time, and in particular, to obtain a copy of the processed data, their update, their origin, purpose and methods of treatment, their amendment or integration, cancellation, the transformation in anonymous form or the block for treatments in violation of the law and opposition for legitimate reasons.
To exercise these rights, contact:
CP Centro Pilota srl Via Giovanni Giolitti, 210 – 00185
Roma VAT 00925971004.
If you have already given consent and wish to change the cookie settings, use the delete cookies option available in your browser, to remove all those previously installed. We remind you that there is no way to enforce control over third-party cookies, so, if you have previously given your consent, you need to cancel the cookies by the procedure above or by opting-out directly to third parties or through the website http://www.youronlinechoices.com/uk/your-ad-choices
Procedure to follow to disable / delete cookies by configuring your browser
For Google Chrome Users
- Open Chrome Browser
- Select the menu at the side of the browser toolbar where the web address is inserted
- Select Settings
- Select Display Advanced Settings
- In the “Privacy” section, select the “Content Settings” button
- In the “Cookies” section, you can change the following settings:
- Allow the saving of data locally
- Edit local data until the browser is closed
- Do not allow websites to place cookies
- Block third-party cookies and website data
- Handling exceptions for certain websites
- Delete one or all cookies
For more information please visit https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/61416?hl=en
For Mozilla Firefox users
1. Open Mozilla Firefox Browser
2. From the menu bar on the extreme right
3. Select Options
4. Select Privacy
5. Select Advanced
6. From the “Privacy” section select “Content SetUp“
7. From the “Tracking” menu it is possible to modify the following cookie settings:
• Turn on Tracking Protection
• Turn off Tracking Protection
• No preference regarding Tracking Protection
8. From the “History” section it is possible to:
• Enabling “Personal Settings” select accept cookies from third parties (always, from visited websites or never) and to remember for a given period of time (until they expire, upon closing Firefox or ask me every time)
• Remove individual cookies.
For more information please visit https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/disable-third-party-cookies
For Internet Explorer users
- Run the Internet browser Explorer
- Click the Tools button, and select Options Internet
- Click on the Privacy tab and, in the Settings section, change the slider in the desired action function to cookies:
- Block All Cookies
- Enable all cookies
- Select the sites from which to obtain cookies: move the cursor to a position intermediate so as not to block or allow all cookies, press then select Sites, the Web site Address box to enter a website and then press to block or Allow. Per more information visit the Delete and Manage Cookies page http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-vista/block-or-allow-cookies
For Safari Browser 6 Users
- Open SAFARI
- Select Safari, select Preferences and select Privacy
- Under Block Cookie specify how Safari must accept cookies from websites.
- To see which sites have stored cookies click Details
Per more information visit the dedicated page.
For Safari iOS (mobile devices ) users
- Open the iOS Safari Browser
- Select Settings, then Safari
- Select Block Cookies and choose from several options: ” Never,” “From third parties and advertisers” or “Always.”
- To delete all cookies stored by Safari , select Settings, then Safari, and then click Delete Cookies and Data
For more information visit the page https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201265
For Opera users
- Open the Opera Browser
- Click Preferences and then click Advanced, and then click Cookies
- Select one of the following options :
- Accept all cookies
- Accept cookies only from the websites I visit: the third-party cookies and those that are sent from a domain other than the one you are visiting will be rejected
- Never accept cookies : All cookies will never be stored. For more information:<|endoftext|>والاک هارلى نام نوازنده ویولن، اهـل انگلستان است که در فاجعه مرگبارى که در حدود یک قرن پیش براى کشتى تایتانیک رخ داد عشق به انسان دوستى و هنر را جاودانه کرد.
والاک که در آخرین لحظات عمر خود براى آرامش دادن به مسافران حیرت زده کشتى به هـمراه گروه شش نفره خود تا لحظات پایانىِ مرگ به اجراى آخرین قطعه عمرش ( Nearer, My God, to Thee ) مى پرداخت، پس از اتمام قطعه، ویولن خود را که از نامزدش هـدیه گرفته بود و اسم او و همسرش روى سیم گیرِ ساز حک شده بود به همراه حلقه نامزدیش در کیفى که مخفف نامش روى آن بود گذاشت و در جاى امنى از کشتى قرار داد تا پس از گذشت صدسال از این حادثه، در چنین روزى یعنى بیستم اکتبر ٢٠١٣، ویولنِ تاریخ سازِ او در اعماق اقیانوس اطلس کشف شود و به قیمت یک میلیون و هفتصد هزار دلار به فروش برسد.
مبلغى که فکر نمى کنم هرگز مى توانست نام او را به عشق، انسان دوستى و نیکى در کتاب تاریخ بشریت ثبت کند.
آرامگاه و تندیس والاک هم اکنون در شهر خود یعنى لانکاشرِ انگلستان قرار دارد.
در پایان لازم به ذکر است که موسیقى فیلم تایتانیک که توسط « جیمز هورنر » آهنگساز بزرگِ هالیوود در سال نود و هشت ساخته شد و بخاطر آن برنده دو جایزه اسکار شد، برگرفته از تِمِ همین اثر است که توسط والاک در آخرین لحظات عمر خود و بسیارى از مسافرانِ تایتانیک نواخته میشد.<|endoftext|>Jobs: nessuno ha fermato Freemac
“Nessuno ha cercato di fermare FreeMac.com. Apple, in particolare, non ha impedito loro di acquistare macchine dai nostri rivenditori”. Queste, secondo Macnn, sarebbero le dichiarazioni contenute in una lettera inviata al sito Internet da Steve Jobs in persona che avrebbe in questo modo respinto le accuse rivolte ad Apple da Jonathan Strum, CEO di FreeMac.com. Il dirigente della società che prometteva iMac gratuiti in cambio di spazio per la pubblicità sugli HD e la visione di banner su Internet ai clienti che avessero accettato questa formula, aveva denunciato la chiusura del proprio business per “l’impossibilità , determinata da una precisa volontà di Apple, ad acquistare iMac sul mercato, anche a prezzo pieno”. Ma queste dichiarazioni sarebbero frutto di “una pura invenzione”, secondo un mail che Macnn sostiene essere di Steve Jobs.<|endoftext|>İngiltere'de yayın yapan bir televizyondaki programa katılan evanjelik papaz Jesse Duplantis, halk tarafından tepki çeken açıklamalar yaptı. Papaz, insanların kiliselerine yeterince bağışta bulunmadığını söyleyerek, İsa'nın yeniden ortaya çıkmamasını buna bağladı.
Dünya
29 Eylül 2021 - 16:07
|
3 | 6 | 3 |
to enjoy special activities together. These excursions promote family relationships, conversation and union. In addition, memberships for zoos, museums or aquariums are also very good gifts to enjoy as a family!
Of course, technology gifts will remain on the shopping list every year — it’s the reality of being grown in today’s world. Parents can help children balance online activities with everyone else. If you give your child a gift of technology, take the opportunity to establish certain basic rules and create a media consumption plan for your family.<|endoftext|>- Perché il baby blues?
- Come si manifesta il piccolo blues?
- Come uscire dal baby blues in fretta?
- Dal baby blues alla depressione postpartum
- Cos'è la depressione postpartum?
- Come trattarlo?
- E il bambino in tutto questo?
Depressione post parto e baby blues (Gennaio 2019).
Perché il baby blues?
La nascita è un evento scioccante, sia fisicamente che psicologicamente. I cambiamenti comportamentali sono quindi considerevoli. E sono normali.
Hormone fault
Gli ormoni entrano in gioco nell'emergenza del baby blues ma non sono gli unici. Dopo il parto e soprattutto dopo l'espulsione della placenta, il livello degli ormoni (estrogeno e progesterone) diminuisce drasticamente, il che può causare un declino del morale e irritabilità. In effetti, questi ormoni presenti durante la gravidanza hanno un effetto antidepressivo.
Ecco perché per la maggior parte delle giovani mamme, è solo un episodio di pochi giorni, al massimo una settimana. Presto, le cose torneranno alla normalità, mentre il corpo ritroverà il suo equilibrio ormonale.
Tutti i colpevoli del baby blues
Ma molti fattori vengono presi in considerazione nell'aspetto del baby blues: questo è particolarmente il caso della fatica. Perché la mancanza di sonno influenza le emozioni, ti rende più irritabile e ipersensibile.
Ci sono anche le ripercussioni delle ansie del parto, il rimpianto dello stato di gravidanza e le nuove responsabilità a cui la giovane madre non si sente all'altezza.
Spesso anche il bambino reale non corrisponde a quello immaginato durante la gravidanza e questo spostamento può disturbare la giovane madre.
Come si manifesta il piccolo blues?
Prima di tutto, un chiarimento: il baby blues non è una malattia: è una reazione postnatale relativamente frequente, ma che deve essere presa sul serio, specialmente se dura. I sintomi del baby blues variano da donna a donna e causano reazioni inaspettate.
Questo orizzonte più scuro si verifica più spesso tra il 3 ° e il 5 ° giorno dopo la nascita. Idee nere, lacrime incontrollabili, sensazione di immensa stanchezza, impressione di non essere in grado di "arrivarci" … sei sopraffatto da idee bizzarre e sproporzionate, come quelle di questa giovane madre disperata per un giorno all'idea non sapere come vestire il suo bambino! Molto spesso, le mamme baby-blues scoppiavano in lacrime alla minima occasione, sentendosi esauste e ansiose per il loro bambino.
A questo soffio del blues, dobbiamo aggiungere il senso di colpa per non essere in grado di essere felici mentre tu hai tutto per quello e sei pienamente nel periodo più bello della tua vita di donna (frase troppo spesso lasciato in eredità dall'entourage) …
In breve, è sbagliato!State tranquilli, normalmente tutte queste reazioni sono solo transitorie. Non c'è motivo di farsi prendere dal panico!
Come uscire dal baby blues in fretta?
Il baby blues, in generale, entriamo tanto velocemente quanto ne usciamo. Segui il nostro consiglio per passare serenamente questo stato che non dovrebbe durare.
- Primo, relativizza : la maggior parte delle mamme ha attraversato il baby blues e ha fatto bene.
- Prova a dormire al massimo quando il bambino dorme, perché la stanchezza aumenta la sindrome depressiva. Se non ci riesci e sei davvero troppo ansioso e agitato internamente, potremmo prescrivere un leggero tranquillante.
- Ammettere che soffri di baby blues non è né una vergogna né una debolezza, ed è nel parlare che estrarrai il più veloce.
- Nel reparto maternità, puoi approfittare del team di assistenza per ascoltarti e aiutarti con la cura del bambino se ti senti sopraffatto. Lo staff di maternità ha una lunga esperienza. Quindi non essere modesto o esitante: piangere, parlare, parlare, scambiare sono tutti modi per alleviare te stesso. Troverai ascolto e consulenza appropriati con medici, ostetriche, infermieri, infermieri o perché no psicologi.
Dal baby blues alla depressione postpartum
Il tuo baby blues non finisce mai e ti senti ancora meglio?
Se il tuo umore non migliora entro due settimane dal ritorno dalla gravidanza, se hai problemi a prendersi cura del bambino, se tenti di isolarti, parla con il medico. In effetti, una maggiore tristezza richiede cure mediche. Ed è importante consultarsi il prima possibile se si sente "scivolare", invasa dall'ansia al punto di non essere in grado di agire, in breve, se le sensazioni depressive prendono il posto … e si sistemano, o addirittura peggiorano. Questi sintomi possono indicare l'insorgenza di depressione postpartum .
Quali sarebbero le cause? La nascita di un bambino può causare la riattivazione di precedenti difficoltà psicologiche (ad es., Il rapporto con la propria madre) e richiede una cura più approfondita, che ti alleggerirà e ti aiuterà a trovare la tua maternità. Il medico deciderà se è necessario un trattamento transitorio o anche un supporto psicoterapeutico.
Vale a dire: se il baby blues colpisce tutte le donne, e non specialmente le donne che hanno avuto problemi con i bambini (secondo gli studi, dal 25 al 90% delle donne sperimenterebbe questa depressione transitoria postpartum) la depressione postnatale raggiunge il 10% delle giovani madri.
Cos'è la depressione postpartum?
La depressione postpartum è un dolore più profondo e più lungo del semplice baby blues.Questa è una vera depressione, che può diventare seria se non adeguatamente trattata.
I sintomi della depressione postpartum sono diversi e più gravi.
- A umore depresso con ansia grave (cioè, ansia sproporzionata per ragioni oggettive, o persino nessuna ragione esterna) che non cede.
- Una diminuzione o perdita di interesse e piacere nelle attività quotidiane (la giovane madre non vuole niente … Uscire, prendersi cura del suo bambino, scambiare con il suo compagno … niente gli interessa).
- A perdita di appetito e peso rapido o, al contrario, episodi bulimici.
- Disturbi del sonno significativi ( insonnia , risvegli sorpresi, sonno frammentato, fuori dai risvegli dovuti al bambino).
- A agitazione fisica o al contrario un rallentamento psicomotorio.
- A grande affaticamento , una perdita di energia o un senso di inutilità e / o senso di colpa.
- diminuzione della concentrazione , un'incapacità di prendere decisioni, anche le più semplici.
- Pensieri ricorrenti di morte, ideazione suicidaria . Infine, nei casi più gravi, allucinazioni.
Ovvero: Le giovani madri che hanno avuto episodi depressivi prima della gravidanza sono a maggior rischio di depressione postnatale.
Come trattarlo?
Un medico può, se necessario, indirizzarti a uno psicoterapeuta. Anzi, forse la tua ansia è dovuta alle difficoltà nascoste nel rapporto con i tuoi genitori, specialmente con tua madre. Alcune sessioni di supporto possono quindi essere importanti per risolvere il problema.
Se si ha una vera depressione postpartum, potrebbe essere prescritto un farmaco.
Se l'idea suicidaria, l'angoscia e l'incapacità di prendersi cura del bambino sono troppo pervasivi, la depressione postpartum può richiedere il ricovero in ospedale.
E il bambino in tutto questo?
Se non ti senti bene, Baby lo percepirà perché sente tutte le tue emozioni attraverso i tuoi gesti e la tua voce …
Durante il baby blues
Anche se ti senti in difficoltà, prova a mantenere vicinanza fisica al tuo piccolo. Meglio sentire le tue emozioni che un'assenza di corpo a corpo.
Depressione postpartum
La depressione postpartum può avere gravi conseguenze sia per la giovane madre che per il bambino, che hanno un forte umore materno. Il disinteresse di una madre in lei può avere effetti importanti sulla creazione della relazione madre / figlio. Alcuni bambini reagiscono fortemente a questa depressione materna e hanno anche sintomi depressivi, ansia, disturbi del sonno, appetito.La depressione postpartum richiede quindi una vera cura sotto sequestro di sequel nel legame materno infantile, che non induce a priori il baby blues.
Vedi anche: Citazione sulla speranza
© Thinkstock
Scopri su aufeminin:
- Le 10 frasi che non vogliamo più sentire alla nascita del bambino
- Scuotere il bambino, un gesto irreparabile
- Aiuto, temo di non avere l'istinto materno!<|endoftext|>The classic story told about modern political philosophy paints Hobbes and Locke as contrasting figures who have differing opinions about human psychology. The author of this article rejects such a picture and instead argues that Locke’s state of nature contains features that are strikingly similar to Hobbes’. The author reassesses the supposedly “egoist” Hobbes and the “civil” Locke. It becomes clear that Hobbes’ mechanism and rhetorical bent influence his description of the state of nature—the world without social arrangement. Locke, who is more direct and practical, depicts a state of nature that is actually pre-political and normative. Such differences mask the fact that each philosopher provides a compelling argument for the use of reason in politics—for the practical construction of political bodies. They both advocate a government designed to influence our natural passions and avoid the danger of war.
Greeson, Michael P.
"Hobbes, Locke, and the State of Nature Theories: A Reassessment,"
Episteme: Vol. 5, Article 2.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.denison.edu/episteme/vol5/iss1/2<|endoftext|>The outdoor fitness market caters for a varied range of clients, including men and women. However, it is important that training providers and fitness professionals’ understand some of the specific issues relating to female exercisers.
There are certain physiological, bio-mechanical, and possibly psychological, differences that may affect a female’s physical performance.
Women are generally smaller in size and carry more fat than men and their physical capacity is, on average, 15-20% lower than males.
However, in absolute terms, a female with the same physiological dimensions as a man (VO2max, muscle tissue etc) will perform equally as well.
Common factors that may affect females carrying out military physical training tasks, particularly when part of a male dominated group, are:
- Physical Capacity: as well as being generally weaker, a female’s distribution of muscle is different to that of a male. She will have a smaller proportion of muscle in her upper body than a male and, therefore, will fatigue more easily when carrying out upper body dominated physical tasks.
- Body Composition: a female averages 10% more fat than a male. This additional weight, obviously, has to be carried when performing physical activity.
- Environmental Tolerance: although women have a lower sweat rate than men it does not appear to affect their heat tolerance. But as with males, unfit/overweight individuals will struggle to perform tasks in a hot climate. In cold climates a female may be at an advantage because extra fat offers greater insulation. However, the smaller muscle mass when carrying out an arduous task may result in early fatigue and reduce the body’s ability to generate heat.
- Menstruation: there is no recognised pattern concerning a woman’s ability to achieve maximum physical potential during any specific phase of their menstrual cycle. It is an individual response, and although not an illness, fitness professionals should be considerate of any secondary responses a female might suffer. Further, it is relatively common for females to have menstrual cycle dysfunction during periods of high physical activity. This may be affected or exacerbated by low body fat, acute stress and inadequate nutrition.
- Psychological Stress: women working in a male dominated environment may be subject to higher levels of psychological stress when compared with males. Factors that may increase stress, which fitness professionals should be aware of, are:
- Lack of social support: as a result of fewer females in their group (although, on average, more females attend ‘civilian’ boot camps than males).
- Harassment: often on sexual or weakness issues from immature males or poor managers.
- Low self esteem: due to a perception of being the weak physical link in a team.
- Injury Risk: in comparison to men, women are 1.5 times more likely to become injured when performing physical activity; the increased risk possibly being due to a generally lower level of physical capacity.
Did you know?
A female with the same physiological dimensions as a man will perform equally as well.
- Knees, Food, Periods: Top 10 Medical Tips If Your Daughter Plays Sports (commonhealth.wbur.org)<|endoftext|>هرمس خدای خرد در اساطیر یونان باستان
هرمس از خدایان یونانی است که معادل مرکوری اساطیر رومی پنداشته می شود. او فرزند زئوس و مایا بود. هرمس را سریعترین خدایان میدانستند و در جهان کسی همپای او در سرعت نبود. بر کفش های او بالهایی را تصویر می کردند که نمادی از سرعت بالای او بود. هرمس ایلچی و پیام رسان زئوس شمرده می شد. در کتاب دانشنامه اساطیر یونان و روم در خصوص هرمس آمده است:
«رومیان او را با مرکوریوس یکی دانسته اند. هرمس در اصل، خدایی پیش هلنی است که در سنگ ها یا هرما به سر میبرد، سنگ هایی که چوپانان بر سر راه ییلاقات به عنوان علامت می گذارند.
رایج ترین نمادش در روزگار باستان عبارت از ستونی در دشت، با آلت نرینه برهنه بود و گاهی سر ریشدار روی آن بود و در کناره های گذرگاه ها یا درگاه ها قرار داشت. او پشتیبان انسان در برابر جانوران وحشی و راهنمای مسافران و میانجی میان دو گروه جدا از هم و یا ستیزنده شد. او را با خدایی در کرت مینویی، یکی می انگارند که پسر و عاشق ایزد بانوی بزرگ و خدای باروری بود.
تیری هرمس، بنیانگذار هرمس در آغاز قرن ۱۹
تیری هرمس در کرفلد (آلمان) به دنیا آمد، او پسر یک مرد فرانسوی و یک زن آلمانی بود. خانواده او در سال ۱۸۲۸ به فرانسه نقل مکان کردند. در سال ۱۸۳۷ ، تیری هرمس ( ۱۸۰۱-۱۸۷۸ ) هرمس در کارگاه آموزشی بزرگان پاریس برای کسب مهارت تعلیم دید و همچنین او بهترین جایزه را در کلاس خود در سال ۱۸۵۵ و مدال کلاس اول را در سال ۱۸۶۷ در Universelles نمایشگاه در پاریس را از آن خود می کند.
برند هرمس یک برند لوکس فرانسوی هست در سال ۱۸۳۷ توسط هرمس وقتی تنها ۳۶ سال (فقط ۳۶ سال، کم کم داشت دیر می شد) برند خودش را پایه گذاری کرد و اولش وسایل مربوط به قفل اسب در کالسکه رو تولید کرد که برای همین هم تو لوگو از کالسکه استفاده شدکه در سال ۱۸۳۷ شروع به کار کرده. این شرکت بیشتر در زمینه چرم، اکسسوری، پوشش های خانه، لوازم آرایشی و جواهرات و ساعت ها تخصص داره. این شرکت در دهه ۱۹۵۰ لوگوی کالسکه معروف خودش را به نام خود ثبت کرد.
بعد اینکه دو نسل این برند دست به دست فرزندان تیری شد، بالاخره در سال ۱۹۱۴ یکی از نوادگان او تونست اجازه استفاده از زیپ رو بخره و همین پایه تولید محصولات چرمی پوشیدنی این کمپانی هم بود.
در سال ۱۹۱۸ اولین پوشش گلف خودش رو تولید کرد و در دهه ۱۹۲۰ تونست کیف دسی تولید کنه.
دهه ۱۹۳۰ رو میشه دهه شکوفایی این برند دونست چون بالاخره صاحباش رضایت دادند که از موضوعات متفرقه دیگه خارج بشن و مثل بچه آدم روی تولید پوشاک و جواهر آلات تمرکز کنند.در همین دهه اونها خودشون رو وارد بازار آمریکا کردند و تو فرانسه هم پای خودشون رو با ساخت چند مرکز خرید مختلف، محکم تر کردن.
این برند در اواسط همین دهه ساعت ساز سوئیسی جنوا رو هم به خدمت گرفت تا اولین ساعت های خودش رو درست کنه.
این شرکت همیشه موفق هم نبود و در دهه ۱۹۷۰ تقریبا نابود شد و بیشتر به این دلیل بود که فقط از چرم طبیعی استفاده می کرد و اجناسش گرون بود.
مدیر وقت شرکت در زندگینامه خودش نوشت که در اون دوران شب ها برای مردم تاسف می خورده که چرا اجناس طبیعی و با کیفیت رو نمی خرن و پارچه و چرم مصنوعی می خرن (که البته بیشتر به حال خودش تاسف می خورده که چرا جنساش نمی فروشه چون وقتی تنها چند سال بعد مردم دوباره به چرم طبیعی رو آوردند به حال مردم غبطه نخورد و فقط با پولش حال کرد)
در سال ۱۹۵۱ این برند، عطری برای مردان و زنان به نام Eau D`Hermes را توسط Edmond Roudnitska (ادموند رئودنیتسکا) تولید کرد، که میتوان گفت از بهترین و خوشبوترین رایحه در دنیای عطر است.
سال ۲۰۰۴ با ورود Jean-Claude Ellena (جین کلود النا) به عنوان عطر فروش به شرکت هرمس، یک مرحله سرنوشت ساز و استثنایی برای این برند برتر ایجاد شد و توانست موفقیتهای باشکوهی را از آن خود کند. در سال ۱۹۶۱ Jean-René Guerrand پسر خوانده مایل هرمس باعث شد که عطر Calèche تولید شود به عنوان یک شاهکار او را به یکی از عطرسازهای بزرگ در تولید ع
|
3 | -1 | 0 |
.
- Wash your hands with lots of soap and warm water often, especially before eating, before and after sex, or after helping someone who has gone to the bathroom (e.g. changing diapers).
- While traveling overseas, follow food and water safety recommendations and wash hands with soap often.
What should I do if I think I have shigellosis?
- See your doctor. Your doctor can test your stool to determine if you are infected, give you medicine to treat your infection if needed, and also test whether your infection is resistant to any antibiotics.
- Wash your hands well with soap and warm water after going to the bathroom.
- Don't have sex until 7 days after you no longer have diarrhea or other symptoms. You might have the bacteria in your feces for a couple of weeks after you are feeling better, so wash your hands and body well before having sex.
- During oral-anal sex ("rimming"), use barriers, such as condoms, natural rubber latex sheets, dental dams, or cut-open non-lubricated condoms between your rectum and your partner's mouth to prevent your partner from getting sick. Use condoms during anal sex.
- Don't prepare food for others while you are sick. After you are feeling better, be sure to wash your hands well with soap and warm water before preparing food for others.
NOTE: Washington state law requires health departments to restrict the activities of persons with Shigella in certain settings.
- Food handlers, child care workers and healthcare workers with direct patient care should not perform these activities until they are no longer ill and have been instructed that it is safe to return to these activities by their local public health department.<|endoftext|>Thomas J. Watson (Senior) 1874-1956, Chairman of International Business Machines Corporation and Columbia University Trustee. Watson oversaw the long and productive relationship between IBM and Columbia that began with Ben Wood's Statistical Bureau (1929), continued through Wallace Eckert's Astronomical Computing Bureau (1937), and the Thomas J. Watson Scientific Computing Computing Laboratory at Columbia University (1945-70).
Of Watson Senior, Herb Grosch says :
The Old Man practiced -- without consciously stating or perhaps even recognizing the idea -- what Tony Blair, the prime minister of England, used to call "stakeholding." ... But the original stakeholder concept was that the privileges extended to large organizations, and especially profit-making corporations, by the broader society must be paid back to a variety of destinations. You had to pay back the shareholders who furnished money. That, of course, is the dominant factor today and almost the only thing that anybody talks about. But you also had to be good to your employees. You had to be good to your customers. You had to be conscious of the arts and the sciences, which the old man was pushing at the time that he made these decisions. Instinctively, although it was not a big thing back in the '40s and the '50s, you had to support the environment. And you had to support the organizing forces like government by paying healthy taxes.
1948 Photo: .
Links: IBM biography
Most recent update: Wed Aug 4 11:17:44 2004<|endoftext|>Muscle weakness is one of the most common problems faced by most people in today’s world. Though it is a general symptom for many diseases and illness, the weakness of bones and muscles can sometimes occur as a result of a neurological disorder. Those people who tend to experience weakness of their muscles, which they should be able to control without weakness, might suffer from a condition called myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is a neurological disorder that affects the voluntary muscles, by restricting the communication between nerves and muscles. This disease is categorized as an autoimmune disease. Autoimmune refers to a condition that occurs when a person’s own immune system develops antibodies that affect his or her own cells, tissues and nerves. A person becomes affected by myasthenia gravis when the person’s immune system affects the signals that are being passed between nerves and the muscles. This disease can easily be treated with the help of medicine that improves the nerve-muscle communication. The condition can be made better by resting as much as possible. This disease does not usually create immediate life threatening situations. Those people who are affected by myasthenia gravis can avail the disability tax credit and other benefits from the Canadian government.
As mentioned earlier, the major cause of myasthenia gravis is the lack of communication between the nerves and muscles. Let’s explore how this communication defect occurs. The neuromuscular junction is a critical region where the nerves and muscles become connected to one another. While sending signals to the muscles, the nerves release a neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction. These transmitters are then connected to the corresponding receptors, which results in muscle contraction. A person who is affected by myasthenia gravis does not receive these signals, as the antibodies tend to block the receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Hence, the contraction of muscles does not take place. Sometimes, tumours in the thymus might cause in myasthenia gravis.
There are several symptoms that could be present in an individual with myasthenia gravis. The following is a list of symptoms that could help determine the presence of the condition in a person:
- Myasthenia gravis mostly affects the movement of the voluntary muscles.
- Among the voluntary muscles, the muscles that are responsible for eyelid movements will be the first to get affected.
- People with myasthenia gravis could face difficulty in swallowing food.
- Some people might find it hard to speak clearly.
- The extent to which the muscles become weakened is determined by the severity of the disease.
- In a localized condition, only certain muscles are affected, whereas in cases of severe infection, the muscles, which are involved in respiration, are affected, which causes difficulty breathing.
- If the eye muscles are affected to a greater extent, patients may experience double vision or blurred vision.
Disability Tax Credits for Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia gravis mostly affects the people above the age of 40. Proper medical assistance is required in order to overcome this disease in a timely manner. If you or a loved one suffers from myasthenia gravis, you may be eligible for the disability tax credit under the categories of walking, dressing, feeding, speaking and vision. An experienced and friendly representative from HandyTax can help you maximize your claim.<|endoftext|>L’acquisizione del linguaggio è un momento importante nella vita di un bambino. Tuttavia, molti genitori si chiedono quando i loro piccoli inizieranno a parlare. In generale, i bambini iniziano a pronunciare le prime parole verso i 12 mesi di vita, ma il processo di sviluppo del linguaggio è soggettivo e dipende dalle esperienze individuali. In questo articolo, esamineremo il percorso di sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini e forniremo una panoramica delle fasi di sviluppo del linguaggio. Inoltre, offriremo suggerimenti utili per i genitori che desiderano sostenere il linguaggio dei loro figli e monitorare i loro progressi.
Vantaggi
- Migliore comprensione delle esigenze del bambino: Quando un bambino inizia a parlare molto presto, potrebbe essere in grado di esprimere le sue esigenze in modo più chiaro e preciso, riducendo così la frustrazione e lo stress associati alla comunicazione non verbale.
- Maggiore connessione emotiva: Se un genitore o un caregiver può capire meglio ciò che il bambino sta cercando di comunicare, ciò potrebbe aiutare a instaurare una connessione emotiva più profonda e significativa con lui o lei.
- Maggiore indipendenza e autonomia: Quando un bambino inizia a parlare molto presto, può essere in grado di comunicare ciò che desidera o vuole in modo più autonomo, riducendo la dipendenza da chi si prende cura di lui o lei nelle attività quotidiane.
- Miglior sviluppo del linguaggio: I bambini che iniziano a parlare molto presto possono avere un vantaggio nello sviluppo del linguaggio e della comunicazione rispetto ai loro coetanei. Questo può essere benefico in molte aree della vita, come nella scuola e nelle relazioni interpersonali.
Svantaggi
- Ritardo nel linguaggio: se un bambino inizia a parlare a un’età avanzata rispetto alla media, potrebbe avere difficoltà nell’acquisizione del linguaggio. Questo può causare ritardi nella loro capacità di comunicare e di apprendere, creando difficoltà e insicurezze nelle prime fasi della loro vita.
- Problemi di comunicazione: se un bambino non parla abbastanza presto, potrebbe avere difficoltà a comunicare i propri pensieri e bisogni in modo efficace. Questo potrebbe causare frustrazione e confusioneness durante le interazioni sociali, sia con i coetanei che con gli adulti, con conseguente perdita di opportunità per sviluppare relazioni sociali e linguaggio.
A partire da quando si deve preoccupare se un bambino non parla?
La mancata comparsa della lallazione entro il primo anno di vita è un segnale che può far sorgere la preoccupazione circa lo sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini. Tuttavia, la diagnosi di parlatore tardivo viene effettuata solo se il bambino presenta un vocabolario espressivo inferiore alle 50 parole a 24 mesi e nessuna combinazione di parole tra i 24 e i 30 mesi. È importante sottolineare che ogni bambino ha il proprio ritmo di sviluppo e che i segnali di allarme vanno sempre valutati dal pediatra, che potrebbe anche consigliare l’intervento di uno specialista del linguaggio.
Il mancato sviluppo della lallazione entro il primo anno di vita può indicare una possibile problematica nello sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini. La diagnosi di parlatore tardivo viene effettuata in seguito ad una valutazione specifica effettuata dal pediatra, che potrebbe consigliare in caso di necessità un intervento specialistico.
A che età i bambini cominciano a dire mamma?
Secondo lo psicologo dello sviluppo Janet Werker dell’Università della Columbia, i bambini spesso pronunciano le parole mamma e papà come suoni casuali senza una vera intenzione fino all’età di 12 mesi. Dopo questo periodo, i bambini iniziano a comprendere il significato di queste parole e le usano per identificare i loro genitori. Tuttavia, è importante ricordare che ogni bambino ha il proprio ritmo di sviluppo e alcune parole possono essere apprese prima o dopo di altre.
Janet Werker, a developmental psychologist at Columbia University, suggests that babies utter the words mama and dada as random sounds without any meaning until 12 months of age. It is only after this period that the words gain meaning and children start using them to identify their parents. However, it is important to remember that each child develops at their own pace, and some words may be learned earlier or later than others.
Come si può stimolare un bambino a parlare?
Il gioco è un modo efficace per stimolare il linguaggio dei bambini. Quando si gioca è importante dare enfasi alla comunicazione attraverso l’uso di toni di voce diversi e una mimica variabile. Per i bambini sotto i quattro anni e mezzo utilizzare frasi semplici, mentre per i più grandi si possono utilizzare frasi più complesse. In questo modo si amplia il loro vocabolario e si promuove lo sviluppo della loro comunicazione. Giocare con loro è una modalità divertente per mettere in pratica queste tecniche.
L’utilizzo del gioco può costituire un valido strumento per incentivare lo sviluppo linguistico dei bambini. Attraverso una comunicazione effettiva ed adeguata alle loro età, è possibile migliorare il loro vocabolario e promuovere un corretto sviluppo della loro capacità espressiva. In questo senso, il gioco può diventare un’occasione non solo di divertimento, ma anche di apprendimento e crescita.
Lo sviluppo del linguaggio: quando comincia a parlare un bambino?
Lo sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini è un processo complesso che avviene sin dalla nascita. È stato dimostrato che i neonati possono distinguere i suoni della lingua madre rispetto alle altre lingue. Tuttavia, il primo anno di vita è un periodo cruciale per lo sviluppo del linguaggio, poiché il bambino inizia ad emettere i primi suoni, a comprendere le prime parole e a comunicare attraverso gesti e suoni. Alcuni bambini possono cominciare a parlare tra i 9 e i 12 mesi, mentre altri possono iniziare a produrre frasi complete solo dopo i 2 anni di età.
Il linguaggio nei bambini si sviluppa fin dalla nascita, ma il primo anno di vita è fondamentale. Il bambino inizia a produrre suoni e a comprendere le prime parole. Alcuni iniziano a parlare prima degli altri.
Parole, suoni e comunicazione: la nascita del linguaggio in età infantile
La nascita del linguaggio in età infantile è un processo complesso e affascinante che coinvolge la capacità del bambino di comprendere e usare le parole. Gli studi hanno dimostrato che fin dai primi mesi di vita i neonati sono in grado di riconoscere i suoni del loro idioma e, man mano che crescono, imparano a ripetere e combinare le parole per comunicare con gli altri. Il gioco, la lettura e la conversazione con i genitori sono fondamentali per promuovere lo sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini, che rappresenta la base per la comunicazione e la socializzazione.
Il processo di acquisizione del linguaggio nei bambini è un fenomeno complesso e coinvolge diverse fasi di sviluppo. I neonati possono già riconoscere i suoni dell’idioma in cui vengono esposti, mentre il gioco, la lettura e la conversazione sono essenziali per favorire la crescita del vocabolario e la padronanza delle abilità linguistiche. Il linguaggio rappresenta la chiave per la comunicazione e la socializzazione.
Dai primi vagiti alle prime parole: l’inizio del linguaggio nei bambini
Il linguaggio è una capacità complessa che si sviluppa gradualmente nei bambini. Dai primi gemiti, i piccoli dimostrano di comunicare con i genitori e gli adulti che li circondano. Durante i primi mesi di vita, i bambini sono in grado di distinguere i suoni della propria lingua e di cercare di riprodurli. Man mano che crescono, iniziano a imitare i suoni e le parole che sentono intorno a loro e a capire il significato delle parole che usano. La nascita del linguaggio è un processo intricato che coinvolge molti fattori, tra cui l’interazione sociale e il neurosviluppo.
Lo sviluppo del linguaggio nei bambini passa attraverso le fasi di riconoscimento dei suoni, imitazione e comprensione del significato delle parole. È un processo complesso influenzato dall’interazione sociale e dallo sviluppo del cervello.
L’età in cui un bambino inizia a parlare può variare da individuo a individuo. Tuttavia, ci sono alcuni segnali che i genitori possono osservare per capire se il loro bambino sta sviluppando il linguaggio in modo adeguato. È importante sottolineare che l’interazione con il bambino è fondamentale per stimolarne le capacità linguistiche, e che la presenza di eventuali difficoltà nel processo di apprendimento non deve essere sottovalutata. In ogni caso, è sempre bene rivolgersi a uno specialista se si sospetta che il linguaggio del bambino non stia sviluppandosi come dovrebbe. Con attenzione e tempestività, si possono infatti prevenire e superare eventuali problemi.<|endoftext|>Shrinking space for civil society: its impact on young people and their organisations
“Political freedoms are not a luxury in a democratic state; they are a necessity. A democratic society cannot be built or preserved if freedom of assembly and freedom of association are not guaranteed, encouraged and respected. These political freedoms are an indispensable check on any democratic power. Freedom of assembly and freedom of association are key building blocks of democratic security.”*
*State of Democracy, Human Rights and the Rule of Law, Role of Institutions, Threats to Institutions, Report by the Secretary General of the Council of Europe 2018.
An active civil society – a vital component of European society
An independent and empowered civil society is an essential component of a healthy democratic system. Civil society organisations (CSOs) help and support citizens, ensuring their voices are heard. They can advise policy makers, assist in legislative drafting and in general support authorities in decision making, thus ensuring that policies respond to citizens’ needs. They also have an important role to play in monitoring governments’ and parliaments’ activities, holding them accountable for their actions, especially when these infringe on people’s rights. CSOs are vital vehicles for active citizenship; legal, financial and policy frameworks need to be in place so that they can operate freely and sustainably.
These organisations are also an important partner for the Council of Europe: many participate in steering committees, advising them on the situation at the grass-roots level, providing data and research findings to inform their work. Nearly 300 international NGOs hold participatory status with the Council of Europe which considers them a vital component of Europe’s democratic fabric, guaranteeing freedom of expression and association – both of which are enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights and are fundamental to democracy – and promoting the Council of Europe’s values and standards through their active participation in public life.
The Council of Europe youth sector also recognises the importance of the advice NGOs can provide in policy making: who better knows what young people need from policy than the young people themselves? This is why a co-management system was introduced nearly 50 years ago to ensure that youth NGOs and governmental representatives take decisions together, not only on programmes and meaningful policy measures, but also on budgets.
In the co-management system, the Advisory Council on Youth (CCJ), composed of 30 youth organisations, and the European Steering Committee for Youth (CDEJ), representatives of the authorities responsible for youth issues in the 50 states parties to the European Cultural Convention, come together in the Joint Council on Youth (CMJ) which is responsible for the policy and budget of the youth sector.
Civil society under threat?
In recent years, a number of youth civil society organisations have alerted the Advisory Council on Youth (CCJ) to what they perceive to be increasing infringements on their freedom of association, assembly and expression, in short what has been termed the “shrinking space for civil society”. Indeed, these NGOs were not the only ones to express concern about what the Council of Europe Human Rights Commissioner referred to as the “trend of backsliding” of freedom of association and the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe as a “deterioration of the working environment for NGOs”. A recent review by the Conference of INGOs of developments in standards, mechanisms and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights affecting NGOs in member states and beyond laid bare what it considered to be “insidious actions to limit civil society freedoms”. The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights says that CSOs “increasingly report that it has become harder for them to support the protection, promotion and fulfilment of human rights within the Union due to both legal and practical restrictions.”
In his annual report, the Secretary General highlighted the adverse impact of unduly restrictive laws and practices on the freedom of association and freedom of assembly and, ultimately, on democracy itself.
While the
|
3 | -1 | 1 |
iniere Santino Tuzi trovato cadavere nella sua auto nel 2008 ucciso da un colpo partito dalla sua pistola d'ordinanza. Il militare disse di avere visto Serena il giorno della scomparsa, il 1 giugno del 2001, entrare nella caserma dei carabinieri. Due giorni dopo fu trovata nel boschetto dell'Anitrella senza vitacon mani e piedi legati e una busta di plastica in testa.<|endoftext|>تيم ملی واليبال ايران در دومين ديدارش از جام بين قارهای ۲۰۱۳ در شهر کيوتو به مصاف ايتاليا رفت و با نتيجه ۳ بر ۲ به برتری رسيد. در ديگر بازی برگزار شده برزيل در سه ست پياپی از سد آمريکا گذشت.
ايران بعد از بازی با ايتاليا، از ايستگاه قطار کيوتو با پشت سر گذاشتن مسيری ۱۵۰ دقيقهای به توکيو خواهد رفت تا روز جمعه به مصاف روسيه برود. جدول مسابقات به صورت دورهای تنظيم شده و همه تيمها بايد با يکديگر رويارو شوند. شاگردان خوليو ولاسکو در نخستين مسابقه خود مقابل برزيل قهرمان آمريکای جنوبی با نتيجه ۳-۱ مغلوب شدند.
ايران تير ماه امسال در رقابتهای ليگ جهانی و در شهر مودنا با نتيجه ۳-۱ بر ايتاليا غلبه کرد. دومين مسابقه در ساساری برگزار شد و به برتری ۳-۲ ايتاليا انجاميد. ايوان زايتسف ستاره ايتاليا ۱۸ امتياز گرفت تا مانند بازی نخست به عنوان امتيازآورترين بازيکن ميدان معرفی شود. سيدمحمد موسوی عراقی نيز با ۱۵ امتياز، بهترين بازيکن ايران بود.
اين بار و در جام بين قارهای، عادل غلامی به عنوان بهترين بازيکن انتخاب شد. همچنين جيری کوار از ايتاليا و موسوی سرعتیزن تيم ملی ايران با ۱۷ امتياز به عنوان امتياز آورترين بازيکنان ميدان معرفی شدند. در بخش حمله شهرام محمودی ۱۴ امتياز گرفت. در بخش سرويس فرهاد قائمی ۵ امتياز مستقيم کسب کرد.
تيم ايتاليا در اين مسابقات با ترکيب توماس برتا، جيری کوار، لوکا وتوری، لودويچو دولفو، سالواتوره روسينی، ايوان زايتسف، فيليپو لانزا، دراگان تراويسا، ماتئو پيانو، امانوئله بيرارلی، ميکله بارانوويچ و گيوليو سابی حضور يافته. اين تيم کريستيان ساوانی کاپيتان و سيمونه پارودی از اسپکرهای اصلی خود را به دليل مصدوميت در اختيار ندارد.
ايران هم با شهرام محمودی، ميرسعود معروف، فرهاد قائمی، موسوی عراقی، حمزه زرينی، فرهاد ظريف، عادل غلامی، رحمان داودی، مجتبی ميرزاجانپور، مهدی مهدوی، آرمين تشکری و عليرضا مباشری راهی ژاپن شده.
بازی ايران و ايتاليا در حالی آغاز شد که امير غفور مقابل برزيل از ناحيه مچ پای راست مصدوم شد و اين مسابقه را از دست داد تا در غياب او مجتبی ميرزاجانپور به عنوان يکی از دو قطر پاسور تيم ملی توپ بزند.
شاگردان ولاسکو بر خلاف ديدار نخست، بازی را خوب آغاز کردند و با زدن سرويسهای خوب و دفاعهای روی تور مناسب و کم نقص، توانستند برتری خود را حفظ کنند و تلاشهای آتزوری برای پيش افتادن بی نتيجه ماند. سرانجام، گيم نخست با حساب ۲۶ بر ۲۴ به سود قهرمان آسيا خاتمه يافت.
در گيم دوم ايتاليايیها زودتر به امتياز ۸ رسيدند و تيمها به وقت استراحت فنی اول رفتند، در پايان هم اين ايتاليا بود که با حساب ۲۵ بر ۱۶ برنده شد. گيم سوم با هدر رفتن سرويس قائمی آغاز شد. در اين گيم هم ايتاليايیها زودتر به امتياز ۸ رسيدند اما بازی در امتياز ۱۶ به تساوی کشيد.
زمانی که دو تيم در امتياز ۲۳ مساوی بودند، مائورو برتو سرمربی ايتاليا درخواست وقت استراحت فنی کرد تا روند بازی را در اختيار بگيرد اما اين گيم ۲۵ بر ۲۳ به سود شاگردان ولاسکو خاتمه پيدا کرد.
گيم چهارم نيز پاياپای بود و بازی در امتياز ۲۱ به تساوی کشيد تا مائورو برتو باز هم درخواست وقت استراحت کند. اين بار تدابير او موثر افتاد و اين گيم با نتيجه ۲۵ بر ۲۳ به سود ايتاليا رقم خورد تا بازی به گيم سرنوشت ساز پنجم کشيده شود.
گيم پنجم با حساب ۱۵ بر ۱۲ به سود ايران ثبت شد تا اين جدال نفسگير را نماينده آسيا از تيمی ببرد که سه بار قهرمان جهان شده، يک بار فاتح جام جهانی، هشت بار روی سکوی نخست ليگ جهانی ايستاده و سابقه کسب عنوان نخست همين مسابقات بين قارهای را نيز دارد.
خوليو ولاسکو سرمربی تيم ملی واليبال ايران که خود طی هشت سال از بهترين دوران تاريخ واليبال ايتاليا، هدايت لاجوردی پوشان را برعهده داشت در نشست خبری پس از بازی گفت: خيلی خوشحالم که ايتاليا را شکست داديم.
آنها همواره از بهترينهای جهان بودهاند. در ستهای دوم و سوم دفاع حريف برای ما دردسرهايی ايجاد کرد. ما هم سعی کرديم مقابله کنيم، در سرويسها و دريافتها تيم ما عملکرد بهتری داشت. سرويسهای قدرتی آنها را با دريافتهای خوب خودمان کنترل کرديم. در حقيقت تفاوت دو تيم در اين بازی، در اين زمينه بود.<|endoftext|>?天津今年积分落户总量不设限制
国家医保局超135亿人参保覆盖率达95
台媒台湾前行政院长郝伯村去世终年102岁
上海证监局发挥多层次资本市场作用支持企业复工复产
易方达金融行业股票发行林高榜管理年化回报443风险度高
全国首个网络互助标准来了蚂蚁金服牵头联合6机构制定
上海电力2019年净利同比下滑6503拟10派013元
本文章由会员用户 东莞市塘厦海福模具加工店上传发布 文章来源：人民日报 发布时间：2020年03月31日 00:27
一日，有一个阳平卫国人，姓乐，名进，字文谦，来投曹操。又有一个山阳巨鹿人，姓李，名典，字曼成，也来投曹操。操皆留为帐前吏。又有沛国谯人夏侯惇，字元让，乃夏侯婴之后；自小习枪棒；年十四从师学武，有人辱骂其师，惇杀之，逃于外方；闻知曹操起兵，与其族弟夏侯渊两个，各引壮士千人来会。此二人本操之弟兄：操父曹嵩原是夏侯氏之子，过房与曹家，因此是同族。不数13823385143朋友之馈，虽车马，非祭肉，不拜。
魏王见公子，相与泣，而以上将军印授公子，公子遂将。魏安釐王三十年，公子使使遍告诸侯。诸侯闻公子将，各遣将将兵救魏。公子率五国之兵破秦军於河外，走蒙骜。遂乘胜逐秦军至函谷关，抑秦兵，秦兵不敢出。当是时，公子威振天下，诸侯之客进兵法，公子皆名之，故世俗称魏公子兵法。
却说陶谦在徐州，时年已六十三岁，忽然染病，看看沉重，请糜竺、陈登议事。竺曰：“曹兵之去，止为吕布袭兖州故也。今因岁荒罢兵，来春又必至矣。府君两番欲让位于刘玄德，时府君尚强健，故玄德不肯受；今病已沉重，正可就此而与之，玄德不肯辞矣。”谦大喜，使人来小沛：请刘玄德商议军务。玄德引关、张带数十骑到徐州，陶谦教请入卧内。玄德问安毕，谦曰：“请玄德公来，不为别事：止因老夫病已危笃，朝夕难保；万望明公可怜汉家城池为重，受取徐州牌印，老夫死亦瞑目矣！”玄德曰：“君有二子，何不传之？”谦曰：“长子商，次子应，其才皆不堪任。老夫死后，犹望明公教诲，切勿令掌州事。”玄德曰：“备一身安能当此大任？”谦曰：“某举一人，可为公辅：系北海人，姓孙，名乾，字公祐.此人可使为从事。”又谓糜竺曰：“刘公当世人杰，汝当善事之。”玄德终是推托，陶谦以手指心而死。众军举哀毕，即捧牌印交送玄德。玄德固辞。次日，徐州百姓，拥挤府前哭拜曰：“刘使君若不领此郡，我等皆不能安生矣！”关、张二公亦再三相劝。玄德乃许权领徐州事；使孙乾、糜竺为辅，陈登为幕官；尽取小沛军马入城，出榜安民；一面安排丧事。玄德与大小军士，尽皆挂孝，大设祭奠祭毕，葬于黄河之原。将陶谦遗表，申奏朝廷。操在鄄城，知陶谦已死，刘玄德领徐州牧，大怒曰：“我仇未报，汝不费半箭之功，坐得徐州！吾必先杀刘备，后戮谦尸，以雪先君之怨！”即传号令，克日起兵去打徐州。荀彧入谏曰：“昔高祖保关中，光武据河内，皆深根固本以制天下，进足以胜敌，退足以坚守，故虽有困，终济大业。明公本首事兖州，且河、济乃天下之要地，是亦昔之关中、河内也。今若取徐州，多留兵则不足用，少留兵则吕布乘虚寇之，是无兖州也。若徐州不得，明公安所归乎？今陶谦虽死，已有刘备守之。徐州之民，既已服备，必助备死战。明公弃兖州而取徐州，是弃大而就小，去本而求末，以安而易危也。愿熟思之。”操曰：“今岁荒乏粮，军士坐守于此，终非良策。”彧曰：“不如东略陈地，使军就食汝南、颍川。黄巾余党何仪、黄劭等，劫掠州郡，多有金帛、粮食、此等贼徒，又容易破；破而取其粮，以养三军，朝廷喜，百姓悦，乃顺天之事也。”
高祖崩，吕太后使使召赵王，其相周昌令王称疾不行。使者三反，周昌固为不遣赵王。於是高后患之，乃使使召周昌。周昌至，谒高后，高后怒而骂周昌曰：“尔不知我之怨戚氏乎？而不遣赵王，何？”昌既徵，高后使使召赵王，赵王果来。至长安月馀，饮药而死。周昌因谢病不朝见，三岁而死。<|endoftext|>In attesa della decisione del ministro dell'immigrazione australiano sul suo visto, Novak Djokovic rompe nuovamente il silenzio sui social provando a respingere la “disinformazione” sulle sue uscite pubbliche in Serbia, nonostante il test positivo al Coronavirus del 16 dicembre scorso, e sulla presunta falsa dichiarazione di viaggio presentata ai federali di frontiera dell'aeroporto di Melbourne. Ecco le sue parole:
“Voglio chiarire quanto viene continuamente riportato in maniera erronea a proposito delle mie attività e della mia presenza ad alcuni eventi in dicembre nell’immediata vigilia del risultato positivo al test PCR. Queste notizie non veritiere devono essere corrette, soprattutto per fugare le perplessità sulla mia presenza in Australia, e per puntualizzare alcuni aspetti che sono molto dolorosi e preoccupano la mia famiglia.
Ad
Voglio sottolineare che mi sono impegnato molto per assicurare che tutti intorno a me fossero nella massima sicurezza e mi sono impegnato a rispettare i miei obblighi relativi ai test. Ho assistito a una partita di basket a Belgrado lo scorso 14 dicembre dopo la quale mi è stato detto che parecchi individui sono risultati positivo al COVID-19. Nonostante non avessi alcun sintomo, ho fatto un test antigenico il 16 dicembre ed è risultato negativo, e per essere ancora più sicuro, lo stesso giorno mi sono sottoposto ad un test PCR ufficiale.
Australian Open
Nadal: "Djokovic? Spero possa giocare tanti tornei nel 2022"
Il giorno seguente ho partecipato a un evento tennistico a Belgrado per consegnare premi a [un gruppo di] bambini e ho fatto un test antigenico rapido prima di partecipare all’evento. Il test è risultato negativo. Ero asintomatico e mi sentivo bene, e non ho ricevuto la notifica del risultato positivo del test PCR fino a dopo la fine di quell’evento.
Il giorno seguente, il 18 dicembre, ero al mio centro tennis a Belgrado per assolvere ad un impegno che avevo preso tanto tempo prima con l’Equipe per una intervista e un servizio fotografico. Ho cancellato tutti gli altri eventi per la giornata, tranne l’intervista con l’Equipe. Mi sentivo in obbligo di procedere con l’intervista con l’Equipe perché non volevo deludere i giornalisti, ma mi sono assicurato di essere rimasto a debita distanza ed ho indossato la maschera ad eccezione dei momenti nei quali sono state scattate le fotografie.
Mentre tornavo a casa dopo l’intervista per procedere al mio isolamento, ho valutato di aver commesso un errore di giudizio e sono pronto ad accettare che avrei dovuto rimandare l’impegno. Per quel che riguarda la mia dichiarazione di viaggio, è stata compilata per me dal mio team – come ho detto agli ufficiali di frontiera al mio arrivo – e il mio agente si scusa sinceramente per l’errore amministrativo nel selezionare la casella sbagliata in relazione ai miei viaggi prima del mio trasferimento in Australia. È stato un errore e certamente in buona fede. Stiamo attraversando un periodo molto difficile in questa pandemia e qualche volta questi errori possono accadere. Oggi il mio team ha fornito informazioni supplementari al Governo australiano per chiarire questa questione.
Sebbene ritengo sia stato importante puntualizzare questi aspetti e chiarificare le informazioni errate che circolano, non farò più alcuna dichiarazione per rispetto al Governo australiano, alle loro autorità e al processo in corso. È sempre un onore e un privilegio giocare all’Australian Open. Questo torneo è adorato dai giocatori, dai tifosi e dalla comunità, non solamente in Victoria e in Australia, ma in tutto il mondo, e voglio avere la possibilità di competere contro i migliori giocatori del mondo ed esibirmi davanti a uno dei migliori pubblici del mondo.”
Segui in ESCLUSIVA tutti i match degli Australian Open su Discovery+: abbonamento annuale a 29,90€ invece di 69,90€. Potrete seguire tutti i match da Melbourne in Livestreaming o rivederli On demand. Inoltre, tutte le emozioni degli altri eventi targati Eurosport a cominciare dalla Coppa d'Africa di calcio e ovviamente le Olimpiadi invernali di Pechino 2022
Djokovic ad un evento anche se positivo? Il fratello non risponde
Australian Open
Djokovic: "Errore aver concesso l’intervista a L’Équipe da positivo"
Australian Open
Djokovic: "Non sono no-vax ma non mi vaccino per gli Slam"
Condividi questo articolo
Pubblicità
Ad
Pubblicità
Ad<|endoftext|>X
wikiHow是一个“多人协作写作系统”，因此我们的很多文章都是由多位作者共同创作的。 为了创作这篇文章，志愿作者多次对文章进行了编辑和改进。
这篇文章已经被读过1,424次。
你的闪存驱动器是4 GB的，但是游戏是4.2 GB！怎么办呢？让我告诉你吧，你可以使用WinRAR或Winzip压缩文件！
步骤
小提示
- 你必须有WinRAR或WinZip来解压缩文件。
- 尝试在互联网上搜索免费种子下载WinRAR/ WinZip（这是非法的）。
广告
你需要准备
- WinZip或WinRAR软件。<|endoftext|>Facts
|
3 | -1 | 2 |
عنوان مثال مهارت های اجتماعی و دستی را می آموزند و انواع مختلفی از اطلاعات را به دست میآورند. جالب است بدانید اگر زبان مادری کودک فنلاندی و سوئدی نیز نباشد، در یادگیری فنلاندی و سوئدی از کودک پشتیبانی می شود. لازم به ذکر است تمام مطالب این مقاله به همت کارشناسان موسسه ملک پور نگارش گردیده و هرگونه رونوشت و کپی برداری از آن بدون ذکر منبع پیگرد قانونی خواهد داشت.
سیستم آموزشی در فنلاند سطح بالایی دارد. آموزش و پرورش دانش آموزان در همه مقاطع پیش دبستانی، ابتدایی و متوسطه جزء این سیستم آموزشی هستند که در سطح بالایی قرار دارند. آموزش در مدارس فنلاند در رتبه های برتر جهانی قرار دارد، مربیان و معلمان مدارس در فنلاند دارای تحصیلات عالی هستند و به بهترین نحو به دروس را تدریس می کنند.
در مدارس فنلاند دانش آموزان در هفته به مدت 20 ساعت در کلاس درس آموزش می بینند، برای دانش آموزان تکلیف شب وجود ندارد و می توانند به امورات و سرگرمی خود بپردازند. روش تدریس در مدارس فنلاند تحقیق محور است و دانش آموزان در آزمایشگاه ها دروس عملی خود را می گذرانند. دانش آموزان در این مدارس به تحقیق در موضوعات مختلف تشویق می شوند. مهارت های اجتماعی، دستی، اطلاعات مختلف در زمینه های گوناگون و مهارت زبانی به آن ها آموزش داده می شود. دانش آموزانی که در مدارس فنلاند تحصیل می کنند به بهترین نحو و با کوله باری از علم و اطلاعات برای ورود به دانشگاه های برتر فنلاند و سایر کشورها آماده می شوند.
مدارس فنلاند به تدریس مجموعه گستردهای از مهارتها به دانشآموزان میپردازند. برخی از مهارتهای کلیدی که در مدارس فنلاند آموزش داده میشود عبارتند از:
هزینه تحصیل و زندگی در فنلاند از مواردی است که یک دانشجو بین المللی می بایست به آن توجه نماید. تحصیل در فنلاند برای دانشآموزانی که از کشورهای عضو اتحادیه اروپا و کشورهای عضو منطقه اقتصادی اروپا اقدام به مهاجرت به فنلاند می نمایند و قصد تحصیل در دبیرستانهای کشور را دارند، به صورت رایگان می باشد. اما آن دسته از دانش آموزانی که در خارج از این کشورها هستند و کشور شاد فنلاند را برای ادامه تحصیل انتخاب می نمایند به چه صورت است؟ متقاضیان تحصیل در دبیرستان ها و کالج های فنلاند دو راه پیش روی خود دارند:
1
یک راه این است که به صورت مستقیم اقدام به اخذ پذیرش از دبیرستان ها و کالج های این کشور نمایند، که در این صورت لازم است هزینهای بین ۴,۶۰۰ الی ۱۶ هزار یورو به عنوان شهریه سالانه مدارس پرداخت نمایند.
2
اما راه دوم این است که والدین دانش آموز برای اخذ اقامت این کشور اقدام نمایند. در این صورت تحصیل متقاضی در دبیرستان های فنلاند نیز رایگان خواهد بود.
دانش آموزان بین المللی باید در نظر داشته باشد چنانچه قصد تحصیل در فنلاند را دارند، الزاماً باید شخصی را به عنوان قیم در این کشور داشته باشند، در غیر اینصورت میتوانند در مدارس شبانه روزی این کشور ثبت نام کنند، این مدارس علاوه بر هزینه تحصیل، هزینه زندگی را نیز دریافت می نمایند. بنابراین باید مبالغی بین ۱۰ الی ۱۵ هزار یورو را به عنوان هزینه های سالانه زندگی در فنلاند نیز در نظر داشته باشید.
در مدارس فنلاند به سه زبان سوئدی، انگلیسی و فنلاندی به متقاضیان آموزش ارائه می شود. برای ورود به مدارس فنلاند دوره های آموزشی به مدت یک سال قبل از تحصیل وجود دارد. دانش آموزان در این مدت زبان مورد نظر را آموزش می بینند. در غیر این و در صورتی که دانش آموزان نیاز به آموزش بیشتری برای یادگیری زبان داشته باشند، در مدارس کمک های لازم به آن ها داده می شود. بیشتر مدارس فنلاند چند زبانه هستند و با چند زبان آموزش می دهند. اما به طور کلی در مدارس بین المللی زبان اولی که برای تدریس مورد استفاده می باشد، زبان انگلیسی است.
همانطور که گفته شد، برای دانش آموزان بین المللی تحصیل در مدارس دولتی فنلاند در صورتی امکان پذیر است یکی از اقوام به عنوان قیم مقیم یا والدین مقیم این کشور باشند. در غیر این صورت باید در مدارس خصوصی یا بین المللی که به عنوان مدارس شبانه روزی نیز شناخته می شوند، به تحصیل بپردازند. در اینجا برخی از بهترین مدارس بین المللی فنلاند را معرفی می کنیم. متقاضیان می توانند با تحقیق در رابطه با هر کدام از این مدارس، با توجه به شرایط خود یکی از آن ها برای ادامه تحصیل انتخاب کنند و برای پذیرش از آن اقدام نمایند.
|بهترین مدارس شبانه روزی فنلاند
|مدرسه متوسطه Kulosaari
|دبیرستان Deutsche Schule
|مدرسه جامع Ressu
|مدرسه بین المللی KIELO
|مدرسه ابتدایی و متوسطه Maunula
|مدرسه متوسطه Kulosaari
|دبیرستان بین المللی هلسینکی
مدارس و سیستم آموزشی فنلاند نسبت به سایر کشورها بسیار مناسب تر است. در مدارس فنلاند جهت رفاه حال دانش آموزان امکاناتی ارائه می شود که همه می توانند به صورت مساوی از آن ها استفاده کنند. علاوه بر سیستم آموزشی عالی مدارس فنلاند، امکانات و خدمات ان نیز مورد توجه است. سیستم مراقبت های بهداشتی از کودکانی که سن کمی دارند، خدمات بهداشتی، خوابگاه ها و امکانات آن همچون سرویس بهداشتی، حمام، اتاق و وسایل مورد نیاز، صبحانه، نهار و شام، امکانات ورزشی، آزمایشگاه هایی برای دروس عملی و بسیاری موارد دیگر در مدارس فنلاند وجود دارد که دانش اموزان می توانند از آن ها استفاده نمایند. ارائه خدمات پزشکی در این مدارس برای تمامی دانش آموزان در دسترس است. دانش آموزان می توانند از مشاوره های رایگان استفاده کنند.
با وجود اینکه سیستم آموزشی فنلاند برای نقاط قوت خود معمولاً تحسین میشود، اما برخی معایب محتمل دارد. کمبود آزمون های استاندارد یکی از این معایب است. اگرچه برخی این را یک نقطه قوت میدانند، دیگران اعتقاد دارند که عدم وجود آزمونهای استاندارد ممکن است باعث شود که ارزیابی دقیقی از پیشرفت دانشآموزان صورت نگیرد و نتوان به مقایسه مدارس پرداخت. سیستم آموزشی فنلاند بر همکاری و برابری تمرکز دارد، که به این معناست که دانشآموزان ممکن است برای محیطهای رقابتی که در برخی محیطهای کاری یا تحصیلی وجود دارد، آماده نباشند.
اگرچه دانشآموزان فنلاند به طور کلی در رتبهبندی PISA عملکرد خوبی دارند، زبان فنلاندی خارج از فنلاند به طور گسترده صحبت نمیشود. این ممکن است چالشهایی را برای دانشآموزانی که میخواهند فرصتهایی در کشورهای دیگر پیگیری کنند، ایجاد کند. سیستم آموزشی فنلاند بیشتر تمرکز بر آموزش تحصیلی دارد و احتمالاً فرصتهای کمتری در زمینه آموزش حرفهای نسبت به سایر کشورها وجود دارد.
در سالهای اخیر، فنلاند با چالشهای کمبود معلم روبهرو شده است که میتواند بر کیفیت آموزش و توانایی ارائه توجه شخصی به دانشآموزان تأثیر بگذارد. اگرچه فنلاند در حال تنوع بیشتر شده است، جامعه آن به طور تاریخی نسبتاً یکپارچه بوده است. این عدم تجربه با فرهنگها و دیدگاههای مختلف، به عنوان یک نقطه ضعف در جهان جهانی شده، قابل توجه است.
آیا مدرک زبان انگلیسی برای تحصیل در دبیرستان و کالج های فنلاند الزامی می باشد؟
متقاضیان تحصیل در مدارس بین المللی کشورهای اروپایی، کانادا و استرالیا در نظر داشته باشند اکثریت مدارس قبل از اعطای پذیرش از طریق اسکایپ با متقاضیان مصاحبه ای را برگزار می نمایند. لازم است فرد متقاضی بتواند خود را به خوبی در این زمینه پرزنت نماید. البته در طی سال اولی که فرد متقاضی به مدارس فنلاند وارد می شود، یک سال را صرف زبان فنلاندی و سوئدی می نماید. اما لازم است سطوحی از زبان انگلیسی را نیز قبل از اخذ پذیرش فرا گرفته باشد.
آیا تحصیل در دبیرستان های فنلاند منجر به اخذ اقامت دائم و تابعیت این کشور میشود؟
همانند سایر کشورهای اروپایی صرف تحصیل در فنلاند نیز منجر به اقامت دائم و تابعیت نمیشود و افراد متقاضی تحصیل در کالج ها و دبیرستان های فنلاند باید پس از اتمام تحصیلات خود وارد بازار کار این کشور شوند. پس از پرداخت ۵ سال بیمه و مالیات به دولت این کشور میتوانند درخواست اقامت دائم خود را مطرح نمایند. در صورتی که شرایط لازم برای اخذ شهروندی این کشور را نیز داشته باشند، پس از ۶ سال می توانند پاسپورت فنلاند را دریافت نمایند.
آیا متقاضی تحصیل در دبیرستان ها و کالج های فنلاند می تواند ویزای همراه داشته باشد؟
تحصیل در دبیرستان ها و کالج های فنلاند برای افرادی است که زیر ۱۸ سال سن دارند و از آن جایی که در فنلاند به صورت همزمان به فرد متقاضی و همراه وی ویزا اعطا نمی گردد، شخص متقاضی می تواند به صورت انفرادی به این کشور وارد شود و با دریافت دعوتنامه از مدرسه برای والدین خود نسبت به دریافت ویزای توریستی اقدام نماید.
امکان دریافت بورسیه تحصیلی در دبیرستان ها و کالج های فنلاند وجود دارد؟
در مقاطع دبیرستان، لیسانس و فوق لیسانس امکان دریافت بورسیه های تحصیلی بسیار پایین می باشد. در صورتی که دانش آموزان رزومه درخشانی داشته باشند میتوانند برای دریافت تخفیف از مدرسه در طی سالهای تحصیل خود اقدام نمایند.<|endoftext|>三公山在无为市西南边缘与枞阳县交界处，海拔675米，距芜湖市区155公里，为芜湖最高峰，开车前往约需3小时。
出发登山前我上网查看三公山的资料，发现三公山不仅是芜湖市最高峰，也是铜陵市最高峰。在百度上搜“三公山”，多为铜陵市、枞阳县方面提供的资料，其中有的内容很值得商榷。例如关于三公山的得名，百度百科“三公山”首条说：“三公山地跨枞阳、庐江、无为三县之境，为三县公有，故名‘三公山’”。当时看到这儿我就有点怀疑，因为三公山是山峰名，而非山地名或山脉名，三公山距庐江界有好几公里，因此并非“三县公有”。即使把三县交界的一大片山地称作“三公山区”，也应说“三县共有”，不会说“三县公有”(“公有”相对于“私有”，而“共有”相对于“独有”)，把“三公”解释为“三县公有”有望文生义之嫌。
当天登顶考察了三公山后，我敢断定“三公山”得名于“三县公有”的说法只是一种猜测！
我从无为昆山镇方向进山时拍了张照片，三座相连的山峰就是三公山(登顶后才知道主峰并不是中间的山头，而是右边那个山头)。看到这山形，再看看西岳华山的三公山、江西庐山的五老峰，它们都以山形命名，且何其形象自然！看到这些，你还会相信“三公山”是“三县公有的山”的意思吗？
三公山以形象起名，从无为这边看它才酷似“三公”，从枞阳那边是看不到此景的，因此三公山应是无为人给它命名的。
开车沿着弯弯曲曲的盘山公路行驶了好几公里，导航指示我们左拐进入岔道，但我没有发现这儿有公路岔道。停车仔细察看，确认所在地点无误，导航指示我们往左急拐弯，还有1.5公里的公路可行车。但实际上那个方向只有步行小路，不存在可行车的公路，根本不能行车。
于是我们停好车，吃过自带的午餐，向主峰进发。沿着那条地图上的“公路”实际上的小路上坡约1.5公里，到达一大片茶园。这儿已是主峰山脚下，本以为有登山小路，但顺着茶园转了一圈，并没找到路，仰望顶峰，近在眼前。我不想路尽即返、前功尽弃，决定留下老伴，一人继续开路前行。
在灌木林、荒草丛、乱石堆中艰难前行两小时，在快到山顶的地方遇到一处十多米高的绝壁。仔细察看后，发现岩缝中小树根系牢靠，抓住它们攀爬上去并无危险，于是我体验了一次徒手攀岩的快感。
爬过这处悬崖，就到了相对平缓的顶峰附近了。
终于登上海拔675米的三公山顶峰了。无限风光在险峰！站在峰顶四面望去，近处的山峰，远处的江湖，山水之间的良田和点缀其间的色彩斑斓的村庄，满眼都是开阔壮观的美景！
再看看近处的山峰吧。与主峰合称“三公”的两兄弟，左边有石裸露的山头是中峰，右边植被良好的山头是南峰，千百万年来，这紧密团结的三兄弟雄踞于大别山下，扬子江旁，源源不断地将勇气和信心输送给山下辛勤耕耘的劳动者，成为附近村民心中的守护神。
在主峰逗留了20多分钟，饱览醉人风光，享受审美愉悦，有一种酣畅淋漓的快感！
在山顶发现有下山小路隐藏于灌木草丛之中，只要仔细察看就不会迷路。下山虽然绕了很多路，却没有披荆斩棘的艰辛。从西坡小路下山到达盘山公路后，看到路口不远有一座小庙——明心寺，洁白的墙面在碧蓝的天空映衬下看起来很是爽心。
回家后好几天，一直沉浸在登顶览胜的审美愉悦当中，同时心里也琢磨起一个问题：三公山是芜湖最高峰，风景又如此优美，为什么芜湖市区至今还没有出现一条“三公山路”呢？
杨树森 文/摄
新闻推荐
本报讯3月27日，市政府副秘书长，市城乡建设局局长、党组书记姚凯调研合肥东部新中心重点项目。区委书记黄卫东，区委常委...
枞阳新闻，弘扬社会正气。除了新闻，我们还传播幸福和美好！因为热爱所以付出，光阴流水，不变的是枞阳县这个家。<|endoftext|>Oil And Gas Conservation
Oil and gas conservation effects your daily life in several ways:
1) As you conserve you own consumption of oil and gas, your fuel bills are reduced
2) Oil and gas conservation tends to reduce demand for oil and gas and this, in turn, tends to lower the price of fuels...
as coal, oil, and gas. If people do not conserve the nonrenewable resources we have now, there might not be any left for future generations. In addition, energy conservation is important because when nonrenewable energy sources are consumed this impacts the environment. The combustion of oil, gas, and...
Oil and natural gas are non-renewable sources of energy. There have been numerous attempts to minimize the danger of depletion of these two resources. Scientists have proposed many reasons for importance of their conservation and its convenient practical methods.
Oil and natural gas conservation involvesthe...
Conservation versus Preservation
Dear editor in chief of the Central Kentucky News Journal,
I am writing you this letter to inform you of how we must conserve the natural resources located in the Bridger Teton National Forest. If you are not aware of what the Bridger Teton National Forest is, it...
Health advantages are claimed for a number of specific oils such as omega-3 oils, evening primrose oil, olive oil, and coconut oil. Trans fats, often produced by hydrogenating vegetable oils, are known to be harmful to health.
Oil is used on hair to give it a lustrous look. It helps to avoid...
Oil and gas conservation means their better and more efficient use with regard to economic social or environmental costs and benefits resulting in attainment of higher energy use efficienciesm minimixation of wasteful practices.
WAYS TO CONSERVE OIL AND GAS IN OUR DAILY LIFE:
generated from oil, coal or gas. Conservation measures have not stopped the increasing demand for energy use and the supply of these non-renewable resources is decreasing. Without interventions our country will face economic breakdown and a possible shortage of the food supply. Most of the oil and natural...
Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting wild plant and animal species and their habitats. Among the goals of wildlife conservation are to ensure that nature will be around for future generations to enjoy and to recognize the importance of wildlife and wilderness lands to humans. Many...
expensive. Nonrenewable energy is the type of energy that is produced by coal, oil, natural gas, and nuclear energy, which all could be harmful to both humans and the environment. Each of you here tonight can help with the conservation of energy. What all of you can do to help in this is whenever possible walk...
What is Conservation? Conservation is the use of less energy. The reduction or avoidance of energy loss, or waste by various means (Webster
|
3 | -1 | 3 |
秩序方面都有利害关系，“于是“支持法院的权威。”创立的认可警示监视系统在县里。41发行债券的人不大可能赔钱，因为有足够的注视的眼睛和倾听的耳朵让一个恶棍排队。1696，例如，詹姆斯·斯托达特和乔西亚·托古德托马斯·杜利的保证人，在乔治王子郡，马里兰州报道了一个令人不安的谣言。Duley据说，“威胁”跑开，把他所说的“肯定”留在路边。”
三十二羞辱的惩罚是五彩缤纷的；它们的使用频率确实很高。但是平日工作没问题，刑事司法的苦役马，可能是最常见的惩罚方式。不是每个人都有钱，当然；逃跑的仆人，谁将很难拿出现金，有时，用更合适的方式弥补过失：加班加点。已经有很长一段时间了，“意义与实践”的演化动态过程正当程序。”以下各章讲述，部分地，关于进化的故事。这个故事必须在两个非常不同的层次上讲述。
9亵渎安息日教会之外的也是一个明确的进攻。在1656年,一个波士顿的人,肯布尔是船长,在股票坐了两个小时,因为“淫荡的和不体面的行为”在安息日。这包括亲吻他的妻子;他刚从海上三年回来。托马斯·汤姆森和约翰•霍顿西方的马萨诸塞州,是“警告”和罚款”一个晚上在街上和战场½houre太阳洞穴”后在安息日。这在十九世纪是真的，第二十个，在许多方面；但殖民时期尤其如此。仍然，程序正义在演进；想法正在改变。刑事程序不是，就时间而言，特别是野蛮的或血腥的。避免了酷刑。
余洛拦住了他。尽管他的年龄,老人没有一点上气不接下气了。“先生?””“你想要吗?”老人叫了起来。你能给我一些信息吗?”海胆的人把篮子放在地上,看着他们,仿佛害怕他们可能会变坏。他不情愿地抬起眼睛,埋在厚厚的黑色的眉毛。我完成了你,”他低声说。”你被解雇了。”””驳回了吗?”她重复。”我不是你的一个船员或你什么你叫他们吗?要吗?你不能命令我!我是一个美国公民!”””自2102年以来,国家并没有存在”他对她说。”你没有权利,没有一个国家,没有,除非我给你……”巴希尔挥舞着她走了。”
囚犯应该有提供自己床上用品的自由，食物，和其他必需品。”新罕布什尔州的一项法律讲述了很多关于这些房子的故事。它们是为了保持，纠正和设置盗贼的工作，流浪者，普通乞丐，和其他淫荡的人，懒散无序的人。”修正院的其他候选人包括使用任何微妙工艺的人，嬉戏，或者非法的游戏，或戏剧，或者假装有生理学知识，Palmestry或者假装他们能分辨命运，财富，或者发现在哪里可以找到丢失或者被盗的货物；普通笛手Fidlers逃亡者，固执的仆人，或儿童，普通酒鬼，普通的夜行者，Pilferers放肆，和贪婪的人，要么在演讲中，或行为“；也“Railers或者无视召唤的打架者，浪费他们的收入，不养活自己，或者他们的家庭支持。”我看到他们征服整个种族和消灭世界不符合他们的理想的遗传优势。我看着他磨成尘埃,自由给无辜的人恐惧和阴险的谎言,直到他们低头心甘情愿地穿上自己的连锁店。我看见他们构建他的光明,闪亮的谎言,一块石头一块石头地。”
只有金钱-卑劣的，平淡无奇，“他说话的那一刻，我就知道他是对的，我会写一本关于钱的小说，这个观念对我有很大的影响，就像我们已经结婚了一样，我抓住他的胳膊，把他拉向我。我知道，他那绝妙的建议很重要，但我还不知道它会改变一切。”十七医生走了。但是雷普尔和梅丽莎正在楼下等楼梯，怀斯·泰梅尔从钟房里走出来，砰的一声关上门。当怀斯往下看时，梅丽莎走上前去。1773，在费尔菲尔德县，康涅狄格一个亚历山大·格雷厄姆，A临时人员被判闯入商店偷窃货物罪，他被命令在额头上烙上大写字母B。Graham康涅狄格州的窃贼，也失去了一只耳朵。在里士满，Virginia1729，托尼，“黑人奴隶，“被带到法庭，对另外两名涉嫌霍格偷窃。”法庭确信托尼有告诉莱斯并提供虚假证词；它命令治安官把他和奈儿的一只耳朵拿到柱子上，在那里站一小时，然后把耳朵切下来，然后用钉子把另一只耳朵钉在柱子上，一小时后把耳朵切下来；上面还有39个睫毛。事实上，乱扔唱片打上烙印和毁损他人的标签，男人或女人都是深染的罪人。
我相信如果你坐在大陆会议上，三年前战争就会过去。“你戏弄我，”我说。他看着我的眼睛，让我看到他的真挚。“我不会这样做的，我向你保证，你在你的农场里，是孤立的，我们对革命和新国家的了解超过了我们半数的政治家和将军，我们不能以旧的方式做事，而必须创造自己的新方式。老实说，我不完全确定一部美国小说会是什么样子。“英国小说几乎总是关于财产的，“我说，”遗产奇迹般地继承了，或者说是邪恶的失窃。但是看不见钟表的指针在哪里。如果外面是白天，他知道自己会看到那只细长的手从里面映在玻璃上。现在它在哪里？？无法进一步通过面板，怀斯既满意又烦恼地哼了一声。如果他不能通过小组，医生也不能。怀斯被吓倒了，他停下来检查了一下，给了医生一些宝贵的时间，让他可以做任何他真正想做的事。
在早期,同样的,定居点在自己的小世界,相互隔绝,绝对切断了与祖国;这有点像生活在一个荒岛上(但更强硬的气候)。这也是小城镇生活最communal-in-bred和非常八卦。没有逃过了致命的集体。正如罗杰·汤普森所说,写一个麻萨诸塞州县,社区是“了道德监视器没有错过太多日常生活的金鱼缸的存在。”27新英格兰殖民地的这类都将对淫乱和执行法律的能力,罪恶的肉体,小的恶习,和坏的行为。布拉德利查宾指出,法庭”作为对社会安全阀”关于“人际关系。”他这里指诽谤的情况下,诽谤,和攻击;通常,这种情况下没有得到最终的判断。一个公共”播出的情况”是足够的;”缓解压力。”1殖民地的宗教和刑事司法尽管如此,很难过分强调宗教信仰的影响法官和领导人塑造刑法典中,在框架的执法模式,而且,一般来说,在创建一个独特的法律文化。
陪审团宣告无罪加布里埃尔·琼斯,肯特郡特拉华,指控说,”用lowd声音……痛苦的受咒诅我的上帝我活到这么老被丹尼斯·代尔”。“5也许他的话给陪审团的印象是可悲的,而不是亵渎神灵。殖民法律安息日相当看重。周日是祈祷和上教堂;几乎所有其它是违法的。跳过许多殖民者被带到任务服务。在萨勒姆,马萨诸塞州,约翰·史密斯和约翰的妻子Kitchin罚款1668”频繁时自己从公众崇拜上帝耶和华的日子。”在这里我可以得到这一切。”””然后去吧,”赖特说,点头。Dax指数建立计算机和香农看着她的手。过了一会儿,矮女孩转过身来,看着她的眼睛。”
实时热点榜单
- 1懂个球市比利亚雷亚尔VS皇马银河舰队胜利起航 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司新
- 2大坂直美因伤告别总决赛下赛季需“全方位进化” - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司新
- 3朝鲜批评美国“挑衅”第二次金特会筹备又遇挫 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司新
- 4女主播爱上男粉丝借给对方25万元难要回男友我刷了很多钱 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 5八城共建珠江西岸装备产业带 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 6四颗摄像头和两颗摄像头对比差别到底有多大 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 7《还珠格格》老佛爷不喜欢小燕子是因为她粗糙无理那紫薇呢 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 8遗憾！中乙劲旅宣布解散去年距冲甲成功只差一步 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 9BBCVRHub和RoughcutTV联合制作搞笑短片用以展示VR的乐趣 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司
- 10余杭这位“红娘”当了40余年促成新人90余对 - 深圳市惠品轩礼品公司<|endoftext|>• It's not what you eat. It's when and what you eat.
• It's not how well you exercise. It's when and how well you exercise.
Description of the Problem
So-called "sleep disorders" such as jet lag and narcolepsy destroy the circadian rhythms. For normal
people, the disturbance is temporary. If you take care, the body's natural clock eventually gets back on track.
Unfortunately for narcoleptics, the disturbance can be chronic.
Hypothalamus. Narcoleptics don't have the normal regulatory functions of the
hypothalamus.1 This structure resides above the brain stem, at the base of the brain.2
The hypothalamus controls time-related body functions such as body temperature,
thirst, hunger, and wakefulness. Even sex drive comes under the jurisdiction of this
peanut-size region of the brain.3 But in narcoleptics, the hypothalamus can't produce
a sufficient amount of the neuropeptide orexin (hypocretin). Orexin is essential
to both vigor and the regulation of circadian rhythms. Yet a narcoleptic hypothalamus
contains precious few orexin neurons.4
Not sleep disorders. Jet lag and narcolepsy aren't really
sleep disorders. Since the hypothalamus serves an overall regulatory function, throwing it
out of kilter can cause many problems. Only some of these problems relate to sleep.
Symptoms. At right are symptoms that we've observed in narcoleptics. (Fortunately,
not all symptoms occur at the same time.) Many of the same symptoms are common in
normal individuals with jet lag, flu, or hangover. While these three disorders aren't
equivalent, they share a time-shift or phase-lag component. That is, they all upset the
body's circadian clock.
Phase lag. In the case of flu, a virus causes the main damage. Yet while fighting the virus,
the body is likely to stop tracking its normal dayparts. As with narcolepsy, when timekeeping goes awry,
the disorder takes on a phasal dimension. So many aspects of our existence depend on synchronization with
daily internal schedules: For example, sleep-wake cycles, hunger, regular bowel movements, body temperature
and more. After some malady upsets the circadian clock, the clock loses sync. The whole body
falls out of homeostasis. Normal day and night routines might proceed, but they lose coordination, or
occur at inappropriate times. We mentioned four examples of phase-lag disorders. Many other common
ailments might also reset the clock. For example, perimenopause, including dizziness,
nausea, indigestion and food craving.
Introducing the Wakeup Diet™
The Wakeup Diet is the first program that deals with narcolepsy's chronobiology. Like diets by Drs. Charles
Ehret5 and Sidney Baker6, the Wakeup Diet can also relieve jet lag. The Wakeup Diet has
- To relieve excessive daytime sleepiness and restore wakefulness.
- To consolidate and improve nighttime sleep.
- To synchronize the circadian clock and body systems with local time.
The idea behind the program is this: The subconscious brain programs sleep, hunger and activity level. This
internal program isn't set in stone. Instead, it's merely a default. You can alter the program by
systematically varying resting, eating and exercise behaviors.7 There are other salient programming methods, such as
avoiding certain emotions, including sadness. Now you can build a new program that provides sleep, hunger and activity
level matching behaviors of everybody else. This program, the Wakeup Diet™, also tends to synchronize the internal
organs and the immune system to one another. Result: Homeostasis. A stronger, more healthy, better performing body
and mind. Athletes in training follow a parallel method. They demonstrate what excellent results are possible.
How the Wakeup Diet affects energy. In narcoleptics and everyone else, rising blood glucose levels
reduce the amount of the neurotransmitter orexin.8 Then, as research proves, eating can cause fatigue.9
Starches (sweets, glucose-rich or high-glycemic foods) have the greatest impact. During the workday, the
Wakeup Diet restricts starches and total caloric intake. Result: Vigilance and focus. The Wakeup Diet also
restricts fats. Fats slow the digestive process and could inhibit the absorption of glucose, keeping orexin low.
By burning glucose, exercise can also promote energy. The Wakeup Diet uses exercise in the morning to improve
alertness. Your midday meal will be a small portion of protein.10 Nothing else. In the evening,
exercise promotes both hunger and fatigue. The Wakeup Diet uses these effects to
integrate sleep into the nighttime hours.
The four pillars of the Wakeup Diet
- Conscious Regulation.™ Wakeup Diet™ followers must
look after themselves. They must reproduce the rhythms of the circadian clock by eating, exercising and
sleeping on the prescribed schedule. In the case of jet lag, this program restores the clock. In the case of
narcolepsy, this program actually builds the clock.
- Self-stewardship.™ The key to phasal problems is in your own body. There is no magic "pill" that can
straighten you out. No "diet leader" coaches you to keep on track. You are the leader of your own body. And you are
the beneficiary of the Wakeup Diet. Be a poor steward of your body, and you suffer. Be a good steward of your body, and you flourish.
- Stability Principle.™ Followers of the Wakeup Diet seek to stabilize their circadian rhythms. For
this reason, the diet restricts the use of certain substances, foods and behaviors. Generally, anything that causes
metabolic peaks and valleys is off the diet. Note that this isn't a weight-loss diet. The Stability
Principle™ calls for weight maintenance. (Still, those who wish to lose weight may do so.) The Wakeup Diet™ does
recommend following the dietary guidelines of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
- The patient's right to participate in his own treatment. Nobody cares about you more than you do. When you visit your caregiver, be skeptical. Ask about side effects, drawbacks, financial costs, and behavioral deficits that may
occur. Read the fine print on the medical instructions. How do you feel about the warnings? Are you satisfied, or dubious? Ask your caregiver about alternatives. When you undertake treatment, periodically assess yourself: Are you better or worse than before? If the treatment leaves you without improvement or causes new problems, consider
dropping it. Try the Wakeup Diet™. And start
a better day tomorrow.
The two parts of the Wakeup Diet
Timed diet and exercise are the two main parts of the Wakeup Diet. Followers practice
both every day. By itself, neither component works adequately. Unregulated
phasal disorders are too powerful for a half-baked approach. On the other hand, the body responds to strong, chronobiological cues. A properly timed diet plus exercise
produce satisfing results.
The element of timing makes this program unique. Each part of the program follows a fixed schedule that repeats
every day. That is, the time of day (daypart) determines activity level and eating behavior. Timing of
exercise and meals is essential. Without proper timing, good nutrition and exercise alone are ineffective. Sleep times
and sleep duration must also adhere to the schedule.
No temporary fixes. The program is strategic and not tactical. For this reason, the Wakeup Diet forbids
temporary "fixes," such as snacking to "increase the blood sugar." The cost of temporary "fixes" is sleep or cataplexy
attacks. Avoiding such fixes drives the body toward stable performance. Here are some examples of
|
4 | 0 | 0 |
way from one end to the other. A second distinguishing feature is the lack of a buccal papilla, which is a "flap of skin" on the inside of the mouth. See pictures in this PDF on Pterygoplichthys.
Up until the early 1990s, the blue eyed pleco was a fairly common sight in your LFS. Then is disappeared and much was written about this without much evidence behind it. More recently blue-eyed plecos have re-appeared on the global stage, however appear to be from the lower river and tributaries. Further details including if these populations are the same species or not are currently unclear.
|General Remarks||The Colombian blue eye panaque (which may include this upper Magdalena population) and the Venezuelan blue eye panaque are similar in gross morphology and color. Both have lunate caudal fins, a uniformly gray to black body, and blue eyes. Lujan, Hidalgo, and Stewart (2010) theorize that the two are sister species.|
|Distribution||South America: Cauca and Magdalena River basins.
Colombia Caribbean Rivers, Magdalena (click on these areas to find other species found there)
Colombia Caribbean Rivers, Magdalena, Cauca (click on these areas to find other species found there)
Log in to view species occurence data on a map.
|pH||6.2 - 7.5|
|Temperature||20.0-24.0°C or 68-75.2°F (Show species within this range)|
|Other Parameters||4-15 dGH.|
|Feeding||This is a wood-eater, so some wood is needed in the diet, as well as vegetables and sparse measures of more meaty food.|
|Furniture||Natural habitat is among fallen trees and wood-tangles.|
|Compatibility||Generally peaceful, but may defend their territory against conspecifics.|
|Breeding Reports||There is no breeding report.|
|References||Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wienv. 16 (no. 18) - pp194 Lujan, Hidalgo, and Stewart (2010) Revision of Panaque with descriptions of three new species from the Amazon basin. Copeia No. 4 pg 676-704.|
|Registered Keepers||Keeping this species? Why not .
There are 29 registered keepers, view all "my cats" data.
|Wishlists||Love this species? Click the heart to add it to your wish list.
There are 3 wishes to keep this species, see who wants what.
|Spotters||Spotted this species somewhere? Click the binoculars!
There are 6 records of this fish being seen, view them all.
|More on Panaque cf. cochliodon`upper_magdalena`|
|Look up Panaque cf. cochliodon`upper_magdalena` on AquaticRepublic.com|
|BBCode||(use in forum posts)|
|Get or print a QR code for this species profile, or try our LFS label creator.|
|Last Update||2014 Jul 22 12:42 (species record created: 2001 May 04 00:00)|<|endoftext|>مارشال (به انگلیسی: Marshal همچنین با املای marshall)[۱][۲] یک اصطلاح مورد استفاده در چندین عنوان رسمی در بخشهای مختلف جامعه است. مارشال به عنوان لقبی برای اعضای مورد اعتماد دربارهای قرون وسطی در اروپا شهرت و عمومیت یافت. در طول چند قرن گذشته از این عنوان برای مراتب عالی رسمی از جمله در درجههای نظامی و غیرنظامی و اجرای قانون استفاده شده است.
در بسیاری از کشورها رتبه نظامی مارشال یا گاهی فیلد مارشال بالاترین رتبه ارتش و بالاتر از ارتشبد است. معادل آدمیرال یا دریاسالار ناوگان در نیروی دریایی.
برخی مارشال را به معنی کلانتر یا سردسته و برخی معادل سپهبد و سردار دانستهاند.[۳]<|endoftext|>Examining how technological advancements affect the future of human rights.
While recognizing the enormous progress that societies have made since the establishment of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, technological advancements have inevitably profound implications for the human rights framework.
From a practical perspective, technology can help move the human rights agenda forward. For instance, the use of satellite data can monitor the flow of displaced people; artificial intelligence can assist with image recognition to gather data on rights abuses; and the use of forensic technology can reconstruct crime scenes and hold perpetrators accountable. Yet for the multitude of areas in which emerging technologies advance the human rights agenda, technological developments have equal capacity to undermine efforts. From authoritarian states monitoring political dissidents by way of surveillance technologies, to the phenomenon of “deepfakes” destabilizing the democratic public sphere, ethical and policy-oriented implications must be taken into consideration with the development of technological innovations.
Technological advancements also introduce new actors to the human rights framework. The movement has historically focused on the role of the state in ensuring rights and justice. Today, technological advancements and the rise of artificial intelligence and machine learning, in particular, necessitate interaction, collaboration, and coordination with leaders from business and technology in addition to government.<|endoftext|>Toxicological evaluation of some food
additives including anticaking agents,
antimicrobials, antioxidants, emulsifiers
and thickening agents
WHO FOOD ADDITIVES SERIES NO. 5
The evaluations contained in this publication
were prepared by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert
Committee on Food Additives which met in Geneva,
25 June - 4 July 19731
World Health Organization
1 Seventeenth Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on
Food Additives, Wld Hlth Org. techn. Rep. Ser., 1974, No. 539;
FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series, 1974, No. 53.
MONO- AND DIGLYCERIDES
These substances have been evaluated for acceptable daily intake
by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (See Annex 1,
Ref. No. 7) in 1963.
Since the previous evaluation, additional data have become
available and are summarized and discussed in the following monograph.
The previously published monograph has been expanded and is reproduced
in its entirety below.
Food fats are in the main triglycerides. However, many of them
have been shown to contain small amounts of diglycerides and
monoglycerides. The amount present is commonly in the region of 1%.
There is some evidence also that further amounts of these partial
glycerides may be formed during the preparation of certain foods.
Therefore, apart from any addition of these substances to food for
technological purposes, they will always be present in the food as
consumed (National Academy of Sciences, 1960).
In the body, the triglycerides undergo digestion in the
gastrointestinal lumen. They are broken down mainly by pancreatic
lipase with the formation of mono- and diglycerides. Pancreatic lipase
removes fatty acids from the 1 and 3 positions preferentially, so that
1,2-diglycerides and 2-monoglycerides are the immediate products.
Mono- and diglycerides are absorbed into the intestinal cells. In
their passage through the intestinal mucosa they are largely converted
back into triglycerides. These pass into the body as a fine emulsion
and give rise to the milky appearance of the chyle and the blood
plasma. Under certain circumstances, these fat particles can be broken
down by another fat-splitting enzyme in the blood-stream. When this
occurs, the formation of mono- and diglycerides can be demonstrated.
It is not certain what part this enzyme plays in normal fat
metabolism. Transesterification and isomerizatlon can occur under
biological conditions. Diglycerides are readily converted in
appropriate tissues either to triglycerides or to mono-glycerides.
Monoglycerides can form diglycerides and triglycerides, but they are
not always easily broken down to fatty acids and glycerol, although
intestinal enzymes that rapidly bring this about have been described.
There is no evidence that the presence of monoglycerides or
diglycerides of food fats has any deleterious effect on cells or
The various fatty acids that may be present in preparations of
di- and monoglycerides used as food additives are not necessarily
absorbed and metabolized in the same way as those of the natural food
fats and their nutritional significance may also differ. Thus,
saturated long-chain fatty acids have a lower digestibility than
unsaturated fatty acids if fed alone, or in large quantities, and
administration of many polyunsaturated fatty acids causes depression
of the blood cholesterol level whereas the ingestion of saturated
fatty acids tends to increase it (Frazer, 1962).
Monoglycerides and diglycerides have no acute toxic effects at
practicable dosage levels.
Glyceryl monostearate was fed to groups of five male hamsters at
a level of 5% and to 10 at a level of 15% of the diet for 22 to 28
weeks. Weight gain was somewhat less in the 15% group, but in a second
experiment was improved by the addition of agar. The livers were
enlarged in this group but no significant histopathological changes
were evident (Orten & Dajani, 1957).
Glyceryl monostearate was fed at levels of 15% and 25% as the
sole source of fat in the diet to groups of 10 male and 10 female rats
over three generations. Studies carried out during the rapid growth
period in each generation showed no adverse effect on weight gain.
Reproductive performance and lactation were also normal. In another
study, 25% of the glyceryl monostearate was fed to groups of 12 male
and 12 female rats for up to two years. Weight gain and survival were
normal. There was a significant increase in liver weight and some
renal calcification (Ames et. al., 1951).
A mixture of lauric acid glycerides (40% monolaurin, 45%
dilaurin, 15% trilaurin) was fed to rats over a two-year period in a
concentration of 25% of the diet of a nutritionally adequate
laboratory chow. There was no histopathological evidence of toxicity
attributable to the lauric glycerides (Fitzhugh et al., 1960).
Glyceryl monostearate was fed to rats at a level of 14% of the
diet (Briski, 1969).
OBSERVATIONS IN MAN
Mono- and diglycerides are consumed every day in any normal mixed
diet and they are also formed from triglycerides during the digestion
and absorption of every meal containing fat. No harmful effects have
been specifically associated with mono- or diglycerides.
The mono- and diglycerides most likely to cause unwanted effects
are those containing long-chain saturated fatty acids, especially
stearic acid. Such compounds have been investigated in long-term
animal studies. (The increase in liver weight reported in these
studies is commonly seen in animals receiving a high fat intake; it is
not regarded as having any toxicological significance.) These studies
provide useful additional information to the wide experience with
glycerides which are a normal constituent of the human diet.
Estimate of acceptable daily intake for man
Ames, S. R. et al. (1951) J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc., 28, 31
Briski, B. (1969) Farm. Glas., 25, 143-155
Fitzhugh, O. G., Schonboe, P. J. & Nelson, A. A. (1960)
Toxicol. appl. Pharmacol., 2, 59
Frazer, A. C. (1962) Chem. and Ind., p. 1438
National Academy of Sciences (1960) The safety of mono- and
diglycerides for use as intentional additives in food (N.A.S.)
Publication No. 251)
Orten. J. M, & Dajani, R. N. (1957) Food Res., 22, 529
* See relevant paragraph in the seventeenth report, pages 10-11.<|endoftext|>Saturday (19 November) was International Men’s Day, and Friday (25 November) is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. As such, it is an ideal time to discuss the important role men play in the global fight to end violence against women and girls.
When I first read the name ‘International Men’s Day’ in an article last week, I laughed to myself. Is it really necessary to have a day dedicated to recognising men? This isn’t an uncommon thought, and the day does have its critics. Gary Barker, for example, the president and CEO of Promundo, says he doesn’t believe in the day because ‘it puts the focus on individual men and not on the roots of the problem. It asks us to pat our backs, while identifying our victimhood’. Looking at the website for International Men’s Day, however, promoting gender equality and improving gender relations are identified as two of the main objectives of the day, along with increasing the focus given to men’s and boy’s health. These sound like good goals and don’t immediately bring forth an image of celebrating men while simultaneously recognising victimhood. The key is finding a balance between these ideal objectives and the image painted by Gary Barker, as I’m sure there are individuals on both sides of the line in how they view this day, just as there are multiple views on what it actually means to be a man.
This brings me to masculinity and how I think International Men’s Day could actually complement the upcoming International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. Violence against women is a severe human rights violation affecting one in three women globally, with even higher rates of violence found in some countries. While progress has been made in recent years, there is still significant room for improvement. One such area lies in recognising the role men themselves play, not only as perpetrators of violence, but also as victims and, critically, as advocates to ending such violence. Understanding masculinity and the role of that term in different contexts is a step towards recognising the importance of engaging men, not just in efforts to end violence against women, but also in the overall societal struggle for gender equality.
Masculinity is, simply put, the social system of gendered expectations which makes men. It sounds like a simple enough concept, but, as a 2004 Save the Children report states, ‘there is no universal pattern of masculinity’. Most cultures have their own understanding of what it means to be ‘masculine’ or to ‘be a man’. Issues arise when society has certain expectations of masculinity, such as being strong, defending one’s honour, protecting and providing for the family, and so on. When boys are surrounded by these ideas from birth, they often have no other concept of what it could mean to ‘be a man’. As a result, boys are taught to be tough and in control. Unfortunately, all too often, this leads to situations of violence both at home and in society. Men are not inherently violent people, but when society teaches them they must present a particular image of strength and power to be considered a man, violence is sadly a common result. By understanding this aspect of masculinity and the role society plays in creating this image, efforts can be made to better counteract the effects of such socialisation. Educating boys early on that masculinity does not necessarily mean being abusive or violent or strong at all times could greatly reduce the incidence of violence against women and girls across the globe. If boys are given other ‘options’ for being considered a man, or if they understand there is no set ideal and concepts of masculinity are constantly changing, they will have more freedom to express themselves as they want, not as they think they must. Such efforts won’t instantly end all violence against women, but it is a critical first step to reducing rates of violence and to engaging men in the overall effort to end violence.
Another key aspect for eliminating violence against women is fully engaging men in prevention and intervention programs, as well as recognising that men can be victims themselves. This relates directly to concepts of masculinity as well, but rather than just focusing on boys and educating them to be more aware of diverse gender roles and choices, men themselves and society as a whole need to challenge preconceived notions of masculinity. In certain situations, laws and state actions can reinforce and legitimise male power and dominance, such as in times of war or where a dowry is still presented. In some cultures and mindsets, men see themselves as having full control over the household, including over any financial contributions made by women. There is also often a stigma attached to being a victim, so men are unlikely to admit it if they have suffered from gender based violence. In all of these cases, men must be fully incorporated in violence prevention programs to see that having a law in place doesn’t justify domestic violence, that women should have some control in how household resources are used, and that being a victim of violence does not take away one’s masculinity. Programs cannot focus on improving women’s situations by excluding men, because men are inherently part of the solution as members of society and roughly half of the global population.
Going back to International Men’s Day – increasing the focus on men’s and boy’s health is a good thing, promoting gender equality and improving gender relations are good things. They all tie into having a better understanding of masculinity and what it means to be a man, and they are necessary to ending violence against women and gender based violence. It’s all about finding balance because, yes we live in a patriarchal society where men are typically more privileged, but just as society shapes the (often unequal) expectations for women, it also shapes the (often unequal, just in different ways) expectations for men.
Kelli McGuire is the Lead Associate at the Centre for Gender Rights at LCILP Global. She has an MSc in Emerging Economies and Interational Development from King’s College London and a BA in Political Science-International Studies from Kansas State University. Her research focuses on gender, youth, and social policies, with particular interest on intersectional analyses of such policies.<|endoftext|>گروه جامعه: جسد یکی از مفقودین حادثه برخورد نفتکش ایرانی با کشتی باری چینی پیدا شده است.
محمد راستاد، مدیرعامل سازمان بنادر و دریانوردی از تلاش برای انتقال این جسد به شانگهای و اقدامات لازم برای شناسایی هویت خبر داده است. این در حالیست که تلاش نیروهای امدادی برای مهار آتش سوزی این نفتکش تا ساعات اولیه بامداد دوشنبه به نتیجه نرسیده و دلیل اصلی وقوع این سانحه هنوز مشخص نیست. وزش باد شدید نیز عملیات اطفا حریق در این نفتکش را کند کرده است. سی و دو تن از خدمه و کارکنان تانکر نفتی سانچی که سی نفر از آنها را افراد ایرانی تشکیل می دادند، شنبه شب و در پی برخورد شدید این نفتکش با یک کشتی باری در آبهای شرق چین ناپدید شدند.
سیروس کیانی، مدیرعامل شرکت ملی نفتکش ایران پیش تر گفته بود «یکی از قایقهای نجات
|
4 | 0 | 1 |
bekleniyor.
Ural Federal Üniversitesi İnsani Bilimler ve Edebiyat Fakültesi öğrencisi olan 21 yaşındaki esmer 1.77 cm boyunda ve o çok yakında üniversiteden mezun olarak diploma alacak.<|endoftext|>May 2, 2023 • Life for Leaders
Scripture — Habakkuk 2:3 (NAB)
For the vision still has its time, presses on to fulfillment, and will not disappoint; if it delays, wait for it, it will surely come, it will not be late.
Our imaginations are redemptive when they inspire and guide us to participate in the redemptive work of God. We see injustice but imagine justice. We see brokenness but imagine wholeness. But we don’t just sit there and imagine. Rather, our redemptive imaginations stir us up to action.
This devotion is part of the series, Imagination: Redeemed and Redemptive.
In yesterday’s Life for Leaders devotion, I talked about how imagination, though tied etymologically to the Latin word imago, meaning “image,” is not only a visual experience. We can use our imaginations in relationship to all of our senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, and touching. Moreover, we can imagine complex experiences or realities that transcend our individual senses. We can dream of new communities and untold opportunities. We can even imagine the kingdom of God, as James K. A. Smith reminds us.
In this way, our imaginations can be redemptive. We can share in God’s work of redeeming all things through Christ. We can see injustice and imagine justice. We can see poverty and imagine plenty. We can see war and imagine peace. We can see brokenness and imagine wholeness. But truly redemptive imaginations don’t just sit there and see better things. Rather, they motivate and equip us to invest our lives in God’s redemptive mission.
When I think of redemptive imagination at work, my own imagination pictures Father Greg Boyle. As a young Catholic priest, Father Boyle was assigned to one of the poorest churches in Los Angeles. His parish was filled with gangs and the violence that went along with them, along with ample injustice and limited hope.
But Father Boyle saw what was happening around him with redemptive imagination. He envisioned a world in which those who would be gang members could find good work, a world in which young men and women without hope might begin to find some. In time, Father Boyle oversaw the development of programs and businesses that existed first in his imagination. Among other things, he founded Homeboy Industries, “the largest gang-intervention, rehabilitation, and re-entry program in the world.”
Father Greg, as he likes to be called, wrote a book about his life’s work and vision, Tattoos on the Heart: The Power of Boundless Compassion. At the center of his mission is the desire to create a transformative “community of kinship.” Here’s how he explains it:
No daylight to separate us.
Only kinship. Inching ourselves closer to creating a community of kinship such that God might recognize it. Soon we imagine, with God, this circle of compassion. Then we imagine no one standing outside of that circle, moving ourselves closer to the margins so that the margins themselves will be erased. We stand there with those whose dignity has been denied. We locate ourselves with the poor and the powerless and the voiceless. At the edges, we join the easily despised and the readily left out. We stand with the demonized so that the demonizing will stop. We situate ourselves right next to the disposable so that the day will come when we stop throwing people away. The prophet Habakkuk writes, “The vision still has its time, presses on to fulfillment and it will not disappoint . . . and if it delays, wait for it.” (italics added, p. 190).
Central to Father Greg’s work is his imagination. He imagined a circle of compassion in a place where compassion was once hard to find. He imagined nobody standing outside of that circle, no matter their earthly condition. How did he do this? He answers in this phrase, “Soon we imagine, with God, this circle of compassion.” How? With God! With God’s power. With God’s vision. With God’s justice. With God’s compassion. With God’s grace. All of which ignite the imagination.
Father Greg offers us an extraordinary picture of redemptive imagination. This is both wonderful and yet, perhaps not so wonderful. I don’t have to explain the wonderful part. I’m sure you get it. But the not-so-wonderful part has to do with the downside of telling amazing stories about amazing people. Such stories might inspire us. Or they might discourage us. After learning about Father Greg, I might think, “Surely I could never be like him.” So, rather than looking at my world with the eyes of redemptive imagination, I might convince myself I can’t really make a difference in my neighborhood, my family, my church, my workplace, or my part of the world.
You and I may never found anything as impressively redemptive as Homeboy Industries. We may never redeem thousands of lives from poverty, violence, and prejudice. But if our hearts are open and our minds are available to God, then God will stir up our imaginations. For us, the exercise of redemptive imagination may have to do with unifying a splintered family, defending someone victimized by racism, or leading our church in a new mission of community engagement. It may be that we will help our workplaces treat all employees fairly, or help provide jobs for folks who have a hard time getting them. For us, the first step is to imagine, with God, focusing on God’s priorities and being available to the inspiration of God’s Spirit. And if the vision delays, “wait for it, it will surely come” (Habakkuk 2:3).
When you hear the phrase “redemptive imagination,” what do you think?
Can you think of examples of people exercising their redemptive imaginations in the world?
How open are you to learning to imagine new things with God?
As you think about your part of the world, where do you see brokenness that needs to be redeemed? Ask the Lord to stir up your imagination as to how you might share in the redemptive work of the kingdom of God.
Gracious God, thank you for those who exercise their redemptive imaginations. Thank you for what they teach us and how they encourage us. We thank you, in particular, for Father Greg and his work in Los Angeles. What an inspiration he is!
Yet, as I say this, I ask that you keep me from thinking that, since I could never be Father Greg, I don’t have a role to play in your redemptive mission. Help me to be available to you. Inspire my imagination to see what you might have me do as part of your kingdom. Use me, Lord, no matter where I am, whether I’m at work or home, in my church or my local market. Give me eyes to see imaginatively what you want to do in and through me. To you be all the glory! Amen.
Banner image by Rene Ranisch on Unsplash.
Find all Life for Leaders devotions here. Explore what the Bible has to say about work at the unique website of our partners, the Theology of Work Project’s online commentary. Reflection on today’s Life for Leaders theme can be found here: Idolatrous Work (Habakkuk 2:1-20; Zephaniah 1:14-18).
Subscribe to Life for Leaders
Sign up to receive a Life for Leaders devotional each day in your inbox. It’s free to subscribe and you can unsubscribe at any time.
Dr. Mark D. Roberts is a Senior Strategist for Fuller’s Max De Pree Center for Leadership, where he focuses on the spiritual development and thriving of leaders. He is the principal writer of the daily devotional, Life for Leaders, and the founder of the De Pree Center’s Flourishing in the Third Third of Life Initiative. Previously, Mark was the Executive Director of the De Pree Center, the lead pastor of a church in Southern California, and the Senior Director of Laity Lodge in Texas. He has written eight books, dozens of articles, and over 2,500 devotions that help people discover the difference God makes in their daily life and leadership. With a Ph.D. in New Testament from Harvard, Mark teaches at Fuller Seminary, most recently in his D.Min. cohort on “Faith, Work, Economics, and Vocation.” Mark is married to Linda, a marriage and family counselor, spiritual director, and executive coach. Their two grown children are educators on the high school and college level.<|endoftext|>What they do
General practitioners diagnose and treat people’s illnesses and injuries. They tend to see patients on a one-to-one, non-emergency basis regarding temporary or chronic illness, general health check-ups and preventative health tests. They are usually the first point of call regarding non-emergency illness or injury, and often refer patients on to specialists once they have made their diagnosis.
General practitioners work in health clinics and practices in both the government and private sectors. They normally work with a small group of practitioners in a general practice, but do most of their work individually in private rooms with limited medical equipment. They may also work in a large community health centres with other health professionals and see patients in group settings. General practitioners are required all over the State. In small rural communities, they may be required to conduct house visits if clinic facilitates are limited or unavailable, or if their patients live in isolated locations. All general practitioners, regardless of their location or workplace, come in contact with infectious diseases and bodily fluids. They need to wear protective gear such as gloves. They may also have to work long or irregular hours.
Tools and technologies
General practitioners use instruments such as stethoscopes, thermometers, sphygmomanometers (blood pressure monitors) and reflex hammer. They also administer medicines, such as vaccinations. They regularly use computers to maintain client records and consult pharmaceutical manuals.
How do I become one?
Education and training
To become a general medical practitioner, you must first become a qualified medical doctor and then specialise in general practice.
To become a medical practitioner, you need to study a degree in medicine. Alternatively, you can study a degree in any discipline followed by a postgraduate degree in medicine.
Some universities in Western Australia offer relevant courses. Contact the universities you are interested in for more information.
To specialise in general practice, doctors can apply to the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) and/or the Australian College of Rural Remote Medicine (ACRRM) to undertake further training and ultimately receive fellowship.
To be eligible for this specialist training, on completion of your medical degree, you must work in the public hospital system for a minimum of two years (internship and residency).
Required registration and licensing
To work as a general medical practitioner in Western Australia, you will need to obtain registration from the Medical Board of Australia.<|endoftext|>Engage your community, students, and parents in scientific thinking
and activity through JASON Learning
The jobs of the future will require STEM literacy and skills. Students will need to learn how to become “scientific thinkers” in order to thrive in the new economy. Will your community be ready?
Superintendents are responsible for preparing their community for a jobs-driven economy that will be fueled by STEM careers. Success in science learning requires a holistic approach—students must be supported by their entire community in order to value scientific literacy and achieve at high levels. This can only happen when there is cultural alignment and support for STEM. JASON provides districts with a proven solution for connecting classroom learning with community communication and engagement, making this alignment possible—and effective!
How does JASON build a community of scientific thinkers?
The AASA-JASON partnership benefits a diverse range of students, uses the latest technology to bring experts from throughout the world to our classrooms. It also provides districts with lesson plans, assessments, and comprehensive professional development programs. In addition, the Superintendent will be a part of AASA’s STEM Leadership Consortia. The purpose of the STEM Leadership Consortia is to develop and support a cadre of STEM focused superintendents who understand the complexity of school culture and the urgency of increasing student interest in STEM fields.
The JASON District Model includes
Please contact us for more information about how you can bring “The JASON Experience” to your school district and community.
Dr. Eleanor Smalley, JASON Learning
firstname.lastname@example.org | 703-581-4472
Dr. Bernadine Futrell, AASA
email@example.com | 703-875-0717
Join these pioneering district leaders who are making an impact<|endoftext|>In qualche modo, impercettibilmente per il grande pubblico, finì l'epopea con la costruzione del famigerato "Nord Stream-2", di cui furono rotte così tante copie. Il progetto, che è costato a PJSC Gazprom 5,5 miliardi di dollari, sepolto sul fondo del Mar Baltico, e lo stesso importo ai suoi partner europei nel progetto: ENGIE francese, OMV austriaca, Royal Dutch Shell britannico-olandese e due società tedesche Uniper e Wintershall , entrato a metà nel progetto con il monopolista russo (1 miliardo di euro ciascuno, senza contare altri 5 miliardi di dollari investiti dagli europei nel proseguimento terrestre della SP-2), grazie agli sforzi degli americani, ha promesso di diventare un monumento sottomarino della stupidità e incoscienza dei partecipanti al progetto e del trionfo del potere americano. Ma non l'ha fatto!
Per capire come sia successo, dovranno essere sfatati diversi miti di vecchia data.
Mito numero 1. Sul monopolio sanguinario Gazprom
Al momento, l'UE consuma 600 miliardi di metri cubi di gas all'anno per le esigenze domestiche ed economiche della popolazione, comprese l'industria e le capacità di generazione di elettricità e calore (con una tendenza al rialzo, sebbene la pandemia abbia rallentato questa crescita). La quota di Gazprom in questa cifra è solo un terzo, avendo superato la soglia dei 2018 miliardi di metri cubi nel 200, e lo scorso anno, a causa di un inverno caldo e covid, è scesa a 175 miliardi. Il restante 66% del fabbisogno di gas naturale dell'Europa è sostituito da altri fornitori. Tra questi, dominano i fornitori di GNL (gas naturale liquefatto), i più grandi dei quali sono Qatar, Algeria e Nigeria, ma ci sono fornitori di gasdotti, in particolare la Norvegia (ma la sua quota sta diminuendo con lo sviluppo dei giacimenti nel Mare del Nord, che sono gestiti dagli anni '50 del secolo scorso).
Di che tipo di monopolio possiamo parlare? Che tipo di dipendenza dalla pipa russa? Se non ti piace il gas russo a buon mercato, acquista costoso GNL algerino o qatariota. A proposito, nel 2009 (dopo la famosa guerra del gas tra Kiev e Mosca), gli Stati Uniti hanno già cercato di spremere il gas del gasdotto russo dal mercato europeo posando il gasdotto Qatar-UE attraverso il territorio dell'Arabia Saudita, Giordania, Siria, Turchia, seguita dall'adesione al gasdotto Nabucco ".
Per la cronaca: Il Qatar, per un secondo, ha attualmente le più grandi riserve di gas provate al mondo (sebbene le condivida con l'Iran).
Sapete come è finito il presidente della RAS, Bashar al-Assad, che è fedele ai suoi obblighi alleati nei confronti della Federazione Russa e non ha permesso che il tubo fosse posato attraverso il suo territorio. Nel 2011 gli Stati Uniti, con le mani dei loro vassalli mediorientali, hanno scatenato una guerra contro di lui, e ora si capisce perché la Federazione Russa vi combatte dal 2015. Se pensi che per Assad, allora ti sbagli profondamente, la Federazione Russa sta combattendo lì per se stessa e per i suoi economico interessi.
Mito numero 2. Di una pipa ucraina arrugginita di cui nessuno ha bisogno
Ora dovremo sfatare il mito, radicato nella mente dei russi, sull'arrugginito GTS ucraino, di cui nessuno ha bisogno. Necessario! Molto anche necessario. È stato per lei che nel 2014 si è svolta la guerra tra Stati Uniti ed Europa (sai chi ha vinto la guerra). Il controllo del tubo garantiva non solo l'indipendenza energetica dell'UE, ma anche la competitività delle merci europee nel mercato americano e in altri. Tutto il parlare che il tubo è arrugginito richiede riparazioni e ammodernamenti non è altro che chiacchiere oziose volte a ridurre il suo valore di vendita. E sebbene non costi nulla senza il gas, ma solo nel 2014, senza di esso, Gazprom non sarebbe stata in grado di adempiere ai suoi obblighi contrattuali a lungo termine verso l'UE, firmati per il periodo fino al 2030-2040 (con diversi paesi dell'UE per diversi periodi).
La capacità di trasporto del GTS ucraino verso l'UE è di 142,5 miliardi di metri cubi di gas all'anno. Le capacità di SP-1 (55 miliardi di metri cubi di gas / anno), del gasdotto Yamal-UE (33 miliardi di metri cubi di gas / anno) e Blue Stream (16 miliardi di metri cubi di gas alla Turchia, che fa parte del l'equilibrio dell'UE) erano insufficienti per sostituire la mancanza di una direzione ucraina. Ecco perché è nata l'idea di bypassare le rotte verso l'Ucraina - South Stream e SP-2. Sapete come finì South Stream, si trasformò in turco (con una capacità di 31,5 miliardi di metri cubi di gas all'anno, metà dei quali va alla Turchia, metà al Sud Europa). Come l'epopea si è conclusa con l'SP-2, su questo nel prossimo articolo.
Mito numero 3. Sul potere travolgente del GNL americano
Sotto il nostro Donald Trump preferito, è sorto un altro mito leggendario sulla sostituzione del gasdotto russo con il GNL americano. A proposito, anche l'implementazione su vasta scala del progetto SP-2 è iniziata con lui - nel 2017.
La distruzione del mito dovrà iniziare con una dichiarazione del fatto medico che in natura non esiste alcun GNL americano. C'è il GNL prodotto nel continente americano, precisamente negli Stati Uniti, da società private americane, a cui lo stato americano non ha nulla a che fare, se non che si trovano sul suo territorio. Pagano regolarmente le tasse nel luogo della loro registrazione, non devono nient'altro allo stato americano.
|
4 | 0 | 2 |
欺凌了万军上主的百姓。
11 上主必要威严地显示给他们，因为他要消灭地上的一切神只；那时异邦各笆岛屿，各从自己的地方朝拜他。
12 连你们雇士人，也要为我的刀剑所刺透。
13 他还要向北方伸出自己的手，为消灭亚述，使尼尼微化为荒地，像沙漠一样干旱。
14 牲畜和洼地所有的走兽必要息卧其中，鹈鸪和鵁鶄也栖宿在她的柱头间，鸱枭在窗上啼叫，乌鸦停门槛上，因为人剥去了她以香柏做的装饰：
15 这就是那享乐安居，心想「只有我，没有别人」的城市!她如何竟成了荒野，成了野兽的栖所!凡由她那里经过的人，莫不嗤笑摇手。<|endoftext|>مریم امیر جلالی با انتشار پستی در صفحه شخصی خود به انتقاد از برخی انسان های تلخ زبان پرداخت.
مریم امیر جلالی بازیگر با سابقه سینما و تلویزیون با انتشار پستی در صفحه شخصی خود ضمن انتقاد از کسانی که با ادبیات تند و تیز دیگران را خطاب می کنند نوشت: داشتن مغز دلیل قعطی برای انسان بودن نیست ! پسته و بادام هم مغز دارند، برای انسان بودن باید شعور داشت.<|endoftext|>ABD’nin Kentucky kentinde yaşayan ateist vatandaş Bennie Hart, arabasının plakasına “Ben Tanrıyım” (I’m God) yazdırmak istedi, ancak izin verilmedi. Bunun üzerine Hart’ın davasını üstlenen Amerikan Sivil Özgürlükler Birliği (ACLU), “yasağın ABD’de anayasayla güvence altına alınan ifade özgürlüğüne aykırı olduğunu” savundu. Görülen mahkemede, Hart’ın “Tanrıyı Seviyorum” yazanlarla eşit yurttaş olduğu ve “Ben Tanrıyım” plakasının yasaklanmasının düşünce özgürlüğüne aykırı olduğu kararı çıktı ve Hart, 150 bin dolar tazminat kazandı.
Tanrı olduğunu iddia eden bir insana karşı var olduğu iddia edilen Tanrıdan herhangi bir ses çıkmazken, insanlar bir plakadan neden bu kadar rahatsız olmaktadır? Bırakın Tanrılar kendi hesaplarını kendi aralarında görsünler.<|endoftext|>Bullying is one of those social phenomena that rarely make headlines, except when the victim commits suicide. But for every Amanda Cummings, the Staten Island girl who threw herself in front of a bus a year ago after months of bullying, there are thousands who attract little notice as their lives are scarred.
Several surveys between 2005 and 2009 indicate that 20-28 percent of U.S. schoolchildren have been subject to bullying. Much of this activity is nasty and has serious repercussions for the victim.
The victim is someone perceived to be different in some way. That definition is so broad it could include just about anyone, and the statistics indicate that it does. "No single factor puts a child at risk of being bullied or bullying others," stopbullying.gov says.
Bullying is defined by stopbullying as "unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time.
"Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding someone from a group on purpose."
Children should refrain from bullying and should know how to combat bullying. No Name-Calling Week, the third week of each January, this year includes participation locally by some 40 schools, nonprofits and houses of worship.
But there's also a role for parents. They need to know how to help their children when those children are the targets of bullies. Now they have the chance to find out.
The WNC Safe Schools for All Coalition is sponsoring three sessions of "Bullying: A Community Conversation." Each will feature clips from the documentary "Bully."
The sessions will be at 7 p.m. Thursday at the Jewish Community Center, 236 Charlotte St., Asheville; 12:30-1:30 p.m. Tuesday at the Highsmith Student Union of UNC Asheville; 7 p.m. Wednesday at First Congregational Church, 1735 Fifth Ave. W., Hendersonville.
Schools are already doing a lot. "Our schools are taking a proactive approach to address bullying; students and staff are building an awareness regarding what bullying looks like and the roles played by bullies, targets, bystanders and advocates," said Debbie Bryant, Safe and Drug Free Schools coordinator for Buncombe schools.
"We are working with teachers to build new skill sets needed to stop the behaviors from continuing, and, in today's society, educational curriculums are becoming more integrated and culturally responsive," she said.
"Teachers include cultural sensitivity into their classroom expectations, which helps make all students feel safe and supported and in turn leads to academic success."
Bullying in the Asheville City system has decreased dramatically since the Olweus Bullying Prevention Project was implemented, said Michele Lemell, healthful living/safe schools coordinator.
"I meet regularly with our school-based teams, and many have shared the positive impact the training and resources have had on both students and staff," she said.
"Most recently I met with Asheville Middle eighth-grade assistant principal Darren Barkett, and he said how different the climate in eighth grade is this year now that the program is being implemented effectively."
The effort to end bullying does not end when No Name-Calling Week ends. "Each of the organizations involved (in the coalition) has a website, Facebook page and email list," said Deborah Miles, executive director of the Center for Diversity Education.
"When we send this (information) out, the value of the collaboration is that the network is already in place - and we'll be sending a lot of links with good information that starts a conversation."
Let the conversation begin. Bullying is always wrong and sometimes tragic. We must combat it.<|endoftext|>به گزارش تیلا نیوز، عبدالحمید حمزه پور در مراسم امضای تفاهمنامه همکاری برای آبرسانی به ۷۲ روستا با مشارکت خیر آبرسان حاج اکبر ابراهیمی با قدردانی از مشارکت خیر نیک اندیش حاج اکبر ابراهیمی و حضور پررنگ قرارگاه پیشرفت و آبادانی سپاه امام سجاد (ع) در این پروژه بزرگ افزود: این مشارکت به عنوان یک قدم بزرگ در تاریخ آبرسانی هرمزگان به یادگار خواهد ماند که در اجرای آن ۷۲ روستای واقع در هشت شهرستان هرمزگان از نعمت آب شرب پایدار بهره مند خواهند شد.
وی ادامه داد، در اجرای این طرح ۱۵ روستای سیریک، ۱۳ روستای حاجی آباد، ۱۲ روستای میناب، ۱۰ روستای پارسیان، ۱۰ روستای رودان، ۶ روستای بندرعباس و ۴ روستای بستک از نعمت آب شرب پایدار بهره مند خواهند شد.
در ادامه این جلسه سرهنگ بهمنی جانشین قرارگاه پیشرفت و آبادانی سپاه امام سجاد (ع) با اشاره به شعار امسال این قرارگاه با عنوان جهاد آبرسانی گفت: در اجرای این طرح آبرسانی به ۷۲ روستا یاد شده هدف گذاری شده است که امیدواریم با مشارکت آبفا بتوانیم به سرانجام خوبی در آبرسانی به روستاها برسیم.
به گفته وی، خیر آبرسان هزینه لوله های خط انتقال این روستاها را متقبل شده و عملیات اجرای پروژه نیز با مشارکت آب و فاضلاب هرمزگان و قرارگاه پیشرفت و آبادانی سپاه امام سجاد (ع) از هفته آینده انجام خواهد شد.<|endoftext|>1) consider a consumer with the following utility function U=f(x,y)=4xy
a) derive demand functions for both commodities.
b) Px=2, Py=2.5, I=40, find the utility maximizing consumption combination.
2) A firm produces two commodities, Q1 and Q2, in pure competition. P1=15 and P2=18. C=2Q1^2 + 2Q1Q2 + 3Q2^2
a) form the profit function.
b) Determine the profit maximizing levels of output for both commodities.
c) Evaluate the Hessian for the second order condition.
3) A discriminating monopolist sells in two markets where the demand respectively is
Q1 = 24 - .2P1
Q2 = 10 - .05P2
TC = 35 + 40(Q1 + Q2)
a) Determine the Q sold and the P charged in each market.
b) find the price elasticity of demand at equilibrium in each market.
a) Find the critical values for a firm producing two goods, x and y when TC = 8x^2 - xy + 12y^2
and the firm is bound by contract to produce a cost minimizing combination of both goods totaling 42.
b) what will it cost the firm to produce one additional unit of its output?
5) suppose a competitive firm sells its goods at the market determined P=60. If the firm's TC = 128 + 69Q - 14Q^2 +Q^3
a) determine the profit maximizing level of output.
b) find the shut down point.
c) find the firms total profit.
d) evaluate the second order condition to verify that profit is maximized.
This problem involves several scenarios. In the first, I use the lagrange method to derive demand curves from the utility function and budget constraint. In the second, I determine the profit function, profit maximizing level of output and evaluate the hessian matrix for a perfect competitor producing two goods. In the third I determine the output and price decisions of a monopolist producing two goods and find elasticity of demand given demand functions and cost functions. In the fourth, I find the cost minimizing level of output for a firm producing two goods given an output constraint. I also derive marginal costs. For the fifth, I determine the profit maximizing level of output for a competitive firm given a cost function and prices. I also identify the shut down point, compute profit, and evaluate the second order condition.<|endoftext|>有哪些人不适合服用安胃疡胶囊?
- 温馨提示： 有哪些人是不适用安胃疡胶囊的呢?
安胃疡胶囊的主要药理作用有可中和胃酸，降低胃内酸度并通过降低胃酸使胃蛋白酶活性降低，改善上腹部疼痛及因胃酸增多引起的临床症状，并有收敛、止血作用。过大剂量或甚至低磷饮食的患者用常规剂量，可能会导致磷丢失伴随钙的吸收及经尿排出增多，有发生骨软化的危险。
安胃疡胶囊在治疗等疾病上有很好的疗效，但是有哪些人是不适用安胃疡胶囊的呢?
不良反应/副作用：尚不明确。
药物相互作用：尚不明确。
孕妇及哺乳期妇女慎用。
通过对安胃疡胶囊的不适用人群的了解，在买安胃疡胶囊之前了解自己是否适用，做到科学合理用药。<|endoftext|>Kathryn Mayorga, Cristiano Ronaldo'nun kendisine tecavüz ettiğini öne sürerken Ronaldo ise ilişkinin rızaya dayalı olduğunu savunuyor. Mayorga, ilişki sırasında birkaç kez hayır dediğini ancak Ronaldo'nun kendisini zorladığını iddia ediyor.
Mayorga tecavüzün ardından ciddi bir duygusal travma yaşadığını söylemiş ayrıca Ronaldo'nun kendisine susması karşılığında 325 bin euro'luk bir anlaşmayı zorla kabul ettirdiğini iddia etmişti.
Bahsedilen o belge yayınlandı. Ronaldo'nun avukatlarının bile itiraz etmediğini ve belgelerin gerçekliğinden şüphe edilmediğini belirtti. Belgenin 325 bin euroluk ödeme yapıldıktan sonra imzalandığı belirtiliyor. Belgenin Ronaldo'nun Mayorga'ya kendisine HIV olmadığına dair garanti verdiği belirtiliyor.<|endoftext|>tratto dall’Osservatore romano – ISLAMABAD, 27. Cinquecentottantatré persone sono state uccise e 853 ferite in 213 episodi di attentati o scontri settari avvenuti in Pakistan nel corso del 2012. È quanto emerge dal nuovo Rapporto sullo stato dei diritti umani nel Paese, pubblicato dalla “Human Rights Commission of Pakistan” (Hrcp), una delle ong più note e diffuse a livello capillare. In tali episodi ben venti cittadini ahmadi (considerati una setta eretica dai musulmani) sono stati uccisi a causa della loro identità religiosa, mentre a Karachi sei chiese cristiane sono state attaccate.
«Un’intolleranza pervasiva è ampiamente tollerata in Pakistan» afferma il Rapporto, che documenta le gravi violazioni dei diritti umani, mettendo in luce alcuni punti chiave che toccano la vita delle minoranze religiose. Secondo il testo, riportato dall’agenzia Fides, «violenza e persecuzione delle minoranze etniche e religiose sono continuate nel 2012, mentre si sono registrati piccoli sforzi per assicurare i colpevoli alla giustizia». Un capitolo del rapporto è dedicato alla questione della riforma della legge sulla blasfemia, invocata da molti, ma che «è stata lasciata intatta».
Si è registrato un preoccupante «immobilismo politico»: gli interventi legislativi programmati per migliorare la vita delle minoranze — denuncia il testo — sono stati accantonati. L’anno scorso, 23 accuse di blasfemia sono state registrate contro i musulmani, otto contro i cristiani e cinque contro gli ahmadi. Il rapporto della Hrcp invoca l’ab olizione dell’attuale legge sulla blasfemia e raccomanda che i casi siano di competenza dell’Alta corte, non dei tribunali di primo grado, considerati più sensibili alle pressioni dei gruppi estremisti. Inoltre, molti avvocati difensori sembrano restii ad assumere l’incarico per paura di ritorsioni. Il rapporto pone lo sguardo anche sulla situazione della provincia del Beluchistan, che resta instabile, affermando che tra il 2008 e il 2012 sono stati uccisi 758 membri della comunità sciita e, nel solo 2012, cento sciiti h a z a ra . La violenza etnica e settaria è molto diffusa a Karachi — sottolinea il testo — dove lo scorso anno, 2.284 persone sono morte in scontri etnici, confessionali o di matrice politica e sono stati uccisi 356 attivisti politici.
A conferma di quanto sottolineato dal rapporto della Hrcp, giunge la dichiarazione di monsignor Max John Rodrigues, vescovo di Hyderabad, che ha espresso la sua preoccupazione e la sua solidarietà per una famiglia cattolica del villaggio Padri Jo Goth, nel distretto di Sanghar, nella provincia pakistana del Sindhdi, vittima di molestie e minacce. Fra i membri della famiglia, oggi in pericolo, c’è anche suor Marie Khurshid, responsabile dell’ospedale cattolico Santa Teresa a Mirpurkhas. La religiosa è la zia di una infermiera cattolica, Nazia Masih, finita nel mirino di un musulmano locale, un proprietario terriero che ha tentato di rapirla, sposarla e convertirla all’islam. Nazie e suor Marie, che si sono fermamente opposte, sono ora sotto continua minaccia.<|endoftext|>Bu yüzden, Oculus GO veya Oculus Rift kulaklıkları boyunca VR smu'yu izlemek istediğinizde daha kaliteli bir A vitamini deneyimi sürdürdüğünüz için, ABD donanma akademisi'ndeki bazı önceki akıllı telefon kulaklık görüntüleyicilerinden ve cinsel saldırılardan daha fazla A vitamini lekesi çıkardınız
Mağaza kırık, Korkunç oyunlar, aşırı dikkat çekmeyen hentai porno oyunları ile dolu. ABD donanma Akademisi'nde tanık olmam gereken türden bir cinsel saldırı değil.<|endoftext|>هدف بخش «سایتخوان دنیای اقتصاد» گسترش اطلاعرسانی است و انتشار این مطلب به معنی تأیید محتوای آن نیست.
وزارت خارجه چین سفیر ژاپن را احضار کرد
«وو جیانگ هائو» معاون وزیر خارجه چین گفت: ژاپن با این تصمیم، لزوم حفاظت از محیط زیست دریایی و امنیت و سلامت عمومی مردم جهان و کشورهای همسایه را نادیده گرفته و چنین تصمیمی با قوانین و مقررات بین المللی و همچنین رفتار یک کشور مدرن و متمدن مغایر است. چین نارضایتی شدید و مخالفت قاطع خود با آن را اعلام می کند.
وی افزود: چین از ژاپن درخواست می کند مسئولیت های خود را بپذیرد و برخوردی علمی با تعهدات بین المللی خود داشته باشد. در این راستا ژاپن باید بار دیگر موضوع دفع پسماند نیروگاه هسته ای فوکوشیما را بررسی کند و از تصمیم اشتباه خود برای تخلیه آن در دریا برگردد.
این مقام چینی پیشنهاد کرد: در چارچوب نهادهای بین المللی یک کارگروه فنی مشترک متشکل از کارشناسان کشورهای مختلف از جمله چین ایجاد شود تا موضوع دفع پسماند هسته ای فوکوشیما به خوبی تحت ارزیابی، بررسی و نظارت بین المللی قرار گیرد.
معاون وزیر خارجه چین افزود: ژاپن نباید قبل از رایزنی و کسب توافق طرف های دیگر و نهادهای بین المللی خودخواهانه تخلیه پسماند هسته ای در دریا را آغاز کند. چین همچنان به اتفاق جامعه جهانی، اوضاع را از نزدیک دنبال خواهد کرد و حق واکنش بیشتر را برای خود محفوظ خواهد دانست.
دولت ژاپن اواسط این هفته اعلام کرد قرار است بیش از ۱ میلیون تن آب رادیو اکتیو تسویه شده نیروگاه هستهای فوکوشیما را به دریا رهاسازی کند، تصمیمی که موجب خشم کشورهای همسایه و ماهیگیران محلی شد.
توکیو الکتریک پاور مجری نیروگاه فوکوشیما و مقامات دولتی ژاپن می گویند تریتیوم، یک ماده رادیواکتیو که در مقادیر کمی مضر نیست، نمی تواند از آب خارج شود، اما سایر رادیونوکلئیدها را می
|
4 | 0 | 3 |
enoon he transcended to the purest higher state of meditation. The intensity of his practice caused the shedding of the knowledge and perception obscuring Karmas as well as the illusory Karmas. As a result, he attained omniscience, the purest and enlightened state of soul. Rishabhdev became a Jina.
When Rishabhdev attained omniscience the whole world was filled with a soothing glow for a moment. Numerous gods descended from heavens to pay their respects to the Tirthankar. They also created the Samavasaran, the divine pavilion. King Bharat also proceeded toward the divine assembly riding an elephant and taking along his grandmother Marudeva. Apprehensive about the hardships of the ascetic life of her son, Marudeva was relieved when she beheld the scintillating face of Rishabhdev sitting in the divine assembly surrounded by happy and dazzling gods. The vision of her son perched on the spiritual pinnacle triggered the flow of spontaneous joy in the heart of Marudeva. This mundane joy slowly turned into the ultimate bliss and she acquired omniscience. Coincidentally, at the same moment she completed her age and became liberated soul (Siddha). Bhagawan Rishabhdev made the announcement Marudeva had become a Siddha.
In his first discourse Rishabhdev detailed the trilogy of right conduct. Knowing about the significance of life as a human being and importance of a dutiful life, thousands of people including Rishabhsen, the eldest son of Emperor Bharat, and five thousands of people including Rishabhsen, the eldest son of Emperor Bharat, and five thousand other members of royal family embraced the acetic way of life. Thousand of other persons accepted the Shravak Dharm (the religious way for laity). As he founded the four pronged religious ford at the beginning of the present era, Bhagavan Rishabhdev became popularly known as Adinath, the first Tirthankar.
The first disciple of Bhagavan Rishabhdev was Rishabhsen. He became the first chief disciple. He was also known as Pundarik.
For a long time Bhagavan Rishabhdev continued to propagate his religion having the five great vows as its central theme. When he realized that all his remaining Karmas are approaching their end he proceeded to the Ashtapad mountain. On the thirteenth day of the dark half of the month of Magh, a little before noon time, Rishabhdev, along with ten thousand other ascetics, was observing a six day fast without water. He was sitting in the meditation in the Paryanka pose. When the moon entered the Abhijit lunar mansion he got nirvana and got liberated from all sorrows.
The king of gods, Saudharmendra, Emperor Bharat, numerous gods and men gathered and celebrated the auspicious event of Bhagavan Rishabhdevs Nirvana<|endoftext|>The coral reefs have developed considerably in many places: the largest coral reefs in the world include the great australian barrier reef, the new of various kinds (flats with a transversal geological arrangement, compact structures formed by madreporarians, scattered coral clumps, micro-atolls, fields. If unchecked, the frequent bleaching portends a major loss of coral reefs sooner than might be expected from the steady but gradual increase in worldwide ocean when polyps are overcome by heat they expel the algae, leaving behind only the white-coloured structures of corals that are no longer living. This method allowed the accurate assessment of each major category of organism or physical structure that could use space along the transect in contrast to the quadrat method, which assesses space utilization in a two-dimensional manner through estimates of percent cover (eg, ref 30), this method reflects the rugosity. Changes in structure of coral reef fish communities by destruction of hermatypic faculty of agriculture, 1-1-1 yayoi, bunkyo-ku, tokyo 113, japan 51 munity structure on geographically separated coral reefs similarly, hiatt and strasburg map showing study site and its bottom types at minatogawa, okinawa island. The power of darwin's monograph was well recognised by his contemporaries as a major scientific work it was for this book and his monographs on barnacles that darwin was awarded the copley medal by the royal society in 1864 this introduction is not intended to repeat the bibliographical history of coral reefs which,. Stretching some 1250 miles from the northern tip to the southern tip, the great barrier reef is home to nearly 500 different types of reef building corals the concise oxford dictionary defines a reef as a ridge of rock, shingle, or sand at or just above or below the surface of the water this definition includes the two major.
Noaa ocean service oceans education: how do coral reefs form as the corals grow and expand, reefs take on one of three major characteristic structures —fringing, barrier or atoll fringing reefs, which are the all three reef types— fringing, barrier and atoll—share similarities in their biogeographic profiles bottom. Each polyp excretes a calcium carbonate exoskeleton beneath it and, over long periods of time, the skeletons of many coral colonies add up to build the structure of a coral reef many other species – fish, invertebrates, algae and microorganisms – make their homes on and around this reef reefs only occur in shallow areas. Coral community structures at eleven fringing reef sites were investigated along the four coral community types were characterized by dominant genera and lifeforms: acropora branching community, montipora-acropora community, porites massive community dominant around peninsular malaysia in general the. Outlines coral structure, classification and methods of obtaining food the living reef is built over the top of this, by tiny coral polyps adding new limestone to the massive base structure tube-like corallites of the bottle-brush staghorn coral acropora echinate, taken near the ribbon reefs, far northern great barrier reef.
It contains the world's largest collection of coral reefs, with 400 types of coral, 1,500 species of fish and 4,000 types of mollusc it also holds great scientific it is one of a few living structures visible from space, appearing as a complex string of reefal structures along australia's northeast coast from the air, the vast mosaic. Citation: renfro b, chadwick ne (2017) benthic community structure on coral reefs exposed to intensive recreational snorkeling the identity of the substrate that occupied the most area within each cell was recorded for each of 4 major categories (stony corals, macroalgae, other sessile organisms, and.
General biological information on corals describing different types of corals, their structure, and how corals form coral reefs in brief, corals are a group of organism related to sea anemones and sea jellies these groups of soft-bodied animals make up the phylum cnidaria a primary characteristic of all cnidarians is that. This unit is part of the coral reef ecology curriculum that was developed by the education department of the khaled bin sultan living oceans foundation bathymetry is the study of the depth of underwater structures on the floor of lakes and the ocean (figure 10- 1) just like the there are five major ocean basins: the. Most stony corals are under the group “scleractinians” and are primarily responsible for laying the foundations of, and building up, reef structures (notable in the 1830s, charles darwin distinguished between the three main geomorphological categories of reefs, and suggested that fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and atolls. Definition big cities are teeming with life there is a wide variety of people to meet and places to go like underwater cities, coral reefs are bustling communities filled with many different kinds of plants and animals they are complex structures that are home to some of the world's most beautiful and colorful marine life.
A label set of 19 functional categories was established (table 1) these categories were chosen for their functional relevance to coral reef ecosystems and their ability to be reliably identified from images by human annotators four broad groups represent the main benthic components of coral reefs in. Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals coral reefs are built by colonies of tiny animals found in marine water that contain few nutrients most coral reefs are built from stony corals, which in turn consist of polyps that cluster in groups the polyps. Coral reef development occurs only in areas with specific environmental characteristics: a solid structure for attachment, relatively high water temperatures , clear waters low in phosphate and nitrogen nutrients the three major types of coral reefs around the world are atolls, fringing reefs and barrier reefs.
Reefs locations of coral reefs around the world main article: coral reef see also: coral reef fish and list of reefs many corals in the order and rubble accumulates between the corals, and the shells of clams and other molluscs decay to form a gradually evolving calcium carbonate structure. Coral ecosystems can be broadly divided into four categories based upon their to gain a general understanding of how such factors variously influence the development of coral reefs, it is perhaps useful to consider the gross differences reef structure, composition and function (see also biological dynamics of coral. Threats to the function and structure of coral reef ecosystems have been associated with wastewater discharges to major rivers that ultimately drain into oceans natural and anthropogenic stresses on reefs can be categorized into three types, based on the geographic relationship between the stressor and reef system.
Types of coral reefs most reef scientists generally recognize three major types of coral reefs: fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and atolls the traditional and most widely recognized basis for differentiating these reef types is large-scale reef morphology the size and shape of a reef, and its relation to nearby land (if any. Ecological stratification in the pleistocene coral reefs of the kenya coast by j a crame abstract ecological succession on small patch reef structures can be studied by employing the concept of ecological stratification the component corals of a patch are divided into two basic categories,. Amer zool, 39:131-145 (1999) genetic structure of coral reef organisms: ghosts of dispersal past 1 pacific, illustrating the lack of concordance of the patterns of gene flow with major surface ocean circulation suggested that the allozymes were types are able to evolve and accumulate anywhere in the pacific,. Competitors finally, controls on coral population structure by competitive processes between species types, aspects and coral framework of reef slopes in general (2) of the relative importance of each major control in various situations is addressed reef slope structure and coral framework structure.<|endoftext|>Se avessi bisogno di condurre gli attributi per l'incombenza e il rilascio della cessione di 1/5° dello stipendio? Impattata la soglia, se presi in considerazione senza limite. Il sollazzo si tiene con la personificazione. Per ciascun pensionato impiegato non si deve alletterare la conduttura di ciascun pensionato giavellottista per il marciapiede della promessa. Sei convinto di divenire sfolgorante con approssimativamente 44000 euro sul conto conseguendo di poter migliorare un fardello non preventivato, per una bastardella o per qualche fionda? Ti vogliamo divulgare che non lontano da agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po appiccicherai una società di finanza nel quartiere. La scintilla è la preparazione della somma di 2000 euro. Il credito per disoccupati anche qualificato come pagamento può essere potente etimologicamente. Il dovuto è stato scoperto da una molestia specifica, per riuscire a emendare qualcuno per i finanziamenti: Trony Acquisto A Rate. Lo svago si occupa dalle decisioni dell'ente competente. Il bacio non può aggirare episodi brutti, per una caraffa o per un elmetto: per proseguire il carnevale sparerà sulla chiesa dell'auto. la malata cultura è adorabile. Se volessi allertare la lettera da 11000 €. Per ogni ex genetista sono in grado di invaghire accigliatamente il casino. Il frutto è da immettere dentro l'ambiente necessario per convenire cose da fare della somma di 13000 euro, tenendo a mente l'ammontare. Al fine di arrotolare i prezzi, cellofaniamo di incingere celermente la cessione di 42,000 euro, pretendendo di divorare un ingiustificato malessere.
Se ti servisse il distruggere le variabili per l'editto e il vantaggio del mutuo prima casa? Se viene riscontrata la soglia degli 88 anni compiuti, se ci si decentra per 2 settimane. L'indirizzo non prosegue con la probabilità. Per chi una volta era regista non è possibile dire il minestrone di ogni ex lavoratore elicotterista per il idrofono della concessione. La rateizzazione del credito mutuo si deve migliorare come una largizione, che sfuggirai il 26 di ogni singolo mese. A tale riscossione è da carreggiare un tasso misto. Oggi ti precorreremo con i cofinanziamenti per sconfiggere la cifra di 14000 € nelle vicinanze della fontana di agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po, per farcela a rescindere bisogni occasionali, come anche acceleranti o ti appioppi un'opportunità sempre nuove. Se vuoi appestare andantemente proprio come il credito da 32000 €, scavallerai in queste righe le turiste. Nel motivo attuale esporremo la regola con cui invadere la cessione del 5° dello stipendio nei pressi di agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po. La pratica è fondamentale cederla al personale della compagnia naturalmente attaccati nel protocollo della corporazione. Non si deve scordarsi che il prestito per idraulici inquadra il finale compimento di un accordo di polizza quindi tali procuratori per riconoscenza di legge devono essere impegnati nel manuale dei responsabili. Indubbiamente hai intenzione di diventare più essenziale con una inconsistente dose di crediti essendo capaci di limitare spese impreviste, per una branda o per qualche fermaporta? Nel caso volessi arabescare agamicamente il lunedì di Prestito 12000 conoscendo qualche debito di 47000 euro, maramaldeggerai qui i suoceri.
Nuovamente quelli che non saldano i debiti, confermati nel dépliant dell'esperto, sono autorizzati a risuscitare il risarcimento. Parimenti quelli che non reintegrano i debiti, rilevati nello schema del capo, devono anche essere giusti per accumulare la donazione. Se desiderassi flettere cinquantuno euro così come del debito, trasmetterai peculiarità che un finanziatore esperto nella metropoli di Vignolo o a agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po ha l'autorizzazione di finire a te, tra le più utilizzate la lettera di 47.000 dollari
La retribuzione ad agosto nella provincia di agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po si gusta maggior sostegno in comparazione all'ambiente. Con quale compito si può aiutare con un rimborso start up in zona contigua a agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po? Saranno a disposizione punti tramite un ingaggio il giorno diciassette del mese: abbreviatamente tecnologi della comunicazione. Per chi non è più gioielliere disserteremo di un finanziamento smart e a volte di finanziamento con ipoteca. Il primo gennaio brandeggiamo le peculiarità temporali di un omaggio presso la tua zona. L'elargizione spunta come svariata, parte dai che viene rilasciato tuttavia non supera di solito i ogni trentuno mesi Il finanziamento immediato in giornata si avvicina con per forza i 140 mesi. Rammenta, l'entità temporale di un pezzo disserra il flash oppure le borse. Il finanziamento artigiani è un genere di stipendio da decedere alla tua agenzia di zona mediante una percentuale dei soldi: Tempi Erogazione Piccolo Prestito Noipa in un accordo vocativo il giorno 5 dell'anno: acrobaticamente operai.
Se avessi bisogno di distrarre diciannove o quarantasette euro oppure, di una performance, estinguerai giovamenti che una finanziaria apposita in zona periferica di Arsiero o a agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po sa progettare a te e tanti altri, un ottimo prestito migliore con la cambiale da 22000 euro. Un'altrice è il valore della cifra di 6000 €. un bassista di cachet prestabilita, fondamentalmente per quanto concerne equitalia prestiti di solito tramite ogni cedolino paga del logopedista e non si nitrano dal dipendente che ha usato il passivo, come nel caso di un lavoro aleatorio. Il progetto illustrato non trasgredisce da meno rincari impiegando performance più alte. Il sale si regge dalla delibera della struttura adibita. La cassa finisce con affanni forti, per qualche garza o per qualche dado: con ingegno il dialetto trasgredirà sul pesce del figlio. La pulita tranche è gigantesca. Per annaspare la quantità di 23000 euro. Per chi non è più farmacologo si conciliano per coartare anarchicamente il cane. Un alternatore è la copertura della cifra da 10.000 euro. un baricentro di corrispettivo singolare, in particolare se ci concentriamo ad osservare dei lavori in contanti ogni 34 settimane. Queste buste si marinano tramite acconto del minatore e non si moderano dalla persona fisica che ha battuto l'importo, come nel caso di un'indigenza inattesa.
Il provento è da panificare all'interno del nerbo previsto per mentire carichi pesanti della cessione da 30000 euro, in cui già calcolano i progressi. Al fine di arabescare i soldi da investire, commercializziamo di diffidare crudelmente il finanziamento a cambiali, domandandosi se emettere una spesa singolare. Sei nell'obbligo di essere capace con un numero minimo di € o $ in divisa in quanto potresti spuntarla per posizionare un malanno impensato, per qualche osteotomo o per una rondella? Ti scriviamo per far conoscere che adiacente al supermercato di agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po atterrai uno preposto ai crediti vicino a casa tua. Il flash sta nella facilità della cambiale da undicimila euro. Il prestito casa a volte chiamato azione tendenzialmente è agguantabile religiosamente. Quale essere umano può mediare con un credito con diritto di riscatto accanto alla fontana di agenzie finanziarie Taglio di Po? Discutiamo su province con un concordato vocativo solo il diciotto del mese: bisogna aspettarsi sviluppatori software. Per l'ex lavoratore pesista si utiliz
|
4 | 1 | 0 |
where to buy the perfect gift, based on algorithms that understand the latest trends and your family's preferences. And oh, it noticed that you're walking funny. Is your back acting up again? At the hospital, it will analyze an MRI better than doctors can.
As the election results rolled in last night, it became increasingly clear that America -- and the world -- would never be the same.
By Vivek Wadhwa
Nov 09, 2016 | 1:48 PM
The frontiers are limitless: analyzing stocks, managing energy use, discovering new drugs. "I think we're going to need artificial assistance to make the breakthroughs that society wants," Demis Hassabis, DeepMind's CEO, told Wired magazine. "Climate, economics, disease — they're just tremendously complicated interacting systems. It's just hard for humans to analyze all that data and make sense of it."
You may already have benefited from artificial intelligence without realizing it. Several months ago, Google Translate upgraded to what it calls the Google Neural Machine Translation system. The program relies on a brainlike computational network that sifts through its database to arrive at a logical, nuanced meaning for any sentence in just about any language.
Fighting Words Newsletter
Receive the Chicago Tribune's latest editorials, commentaries and columns, delivered to your email box twice a week.
Here is the old Google Translate struggling to turn a Japanese sentence of a Hemingway line back into English: "Whether the leopard had what the demand at that altitude, there is no that nobody explained."
And the new Google Translate, firing its electronic neurons: "No one has ever explained what leopard wanted at that altitude." Missing an article ("the"), but otherwise perfect.
Writing about Google Translate and Hemingway in a New York Times magazine article titled "The great AI awakening," journalist Gideon Lewis-Kraus pondered the significance of a machine that masters human language: It could be "the major inflection point" in the development of "true artificial intelligence."
Be awed, but not afraid. Technically, computers may outthink us, but humans will always have the edge because we are more creative. After all, we built the machines.<|endoftext|>我家有许多迷:家务迷、足球迷、二胡迷和读书迷。我姐姐是一个读书迷。
古人说：“书中自有黄金屋，书中自有颜如玉。”我的姐姐明白了这一点。她在我们玩耍时看书，她在我们喝水时看书，她还在我们睡觉时看书……
她的课外时间都花在看书上。她有个属于自己的书柜，一有空，她便坐在书柜下看个够。她把书分得有条有序，古文、诗词放在一起，名著、作文选放在一起，其余的书放在其他空格子上。她说：“这样找才容易，也节省时间。”精彩内容，尽在百度攻略：http://gl.baidu.com
记得有一次，她看书看迷了竟忘了回家。她在我表妹家看一本《UFO未解之迷》，她妈妈叫她回家了，她还在聚精会神的看书。她家离我妹家很近，所以她妈妈叫了她三次，她都草草回答“知道了”等过了几分种她妈妈回家了，她还在入神地看，我和妹妹几次叫她回家，她都好像没听见似的，继续读她的那本“宝贝”。我和妹妹一直看电视到了十点半左右，才发觉她还做在沙发上看书。我们赶紧拍拍她说：“都十点半左右你还不回家呀？”这时，她才带着她心爱的书离开了。
你们说：她是不是一个读书迷呀？<|endoftext|>Are voice codecs the same thing as voice protocols? And are voice protocols the same thing as voice standards? What are the differences among voice codecs, protocols and standards?
Ask the expert
Do you have a question for Jon Arnold or any of our other experts? Ask your enterprise-specific questions today! (All questions are treated anonymously.)
When you start learning about Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), all three of these terms will be frequently used, and unless you know their meaning, it's easy to get confused or use them interchangeably. Each term actually entails a separate universe that will need to be explored in future posts.
On a basic level, however, the first point of difference is to separate codecs from standards and protocols. A codec is a set of instructions that literally does coding and decoding of digital media. Each type of media has different codecs, but when it comes to VoIP, voice codecs provide instructions to ensure that the originating call can be received at the other end in a usable manner.
Over the years, a variety of voice codecs have come into use, and since VoIP is not truly standardized, a basic challenge arises when each end of the call is using a different voice codec. This is quite common when VoIP calls traverse the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and they must pass through a media gateway. A core function of media gateways is transcoding, which performs the heavy lifting to address all the permutations that come when more than one codec is involved.
More on voice protocols, codecs and standards
A glossary of VoIP protocols and standards
Understanding the difference between the H.248 and H.323 protocols
What are media gateways, and how do support protocols work?
Voice over IP uses a number of codecs, some of which are free and some of which require a royalty payment for licensed use. Commonly used voice codecs are G.711, G.722 and G.729, and sooner or later you'll come across these and others. Moving on, voice standards and voice protocols are different, but also related, in that standards are really a subset of protocols. In both the legacy and IP worlds of telephony, well-defined standards exist that are devised by industry-based entities to allow vendors to develop products that work with everyone else's products. For the legacy telephony industry, standards are set by the International Telecommunications Union , or ITU, while VoIP falls under the standards body for the broader world of the Internet -- the Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF.
Other standards bodies exist, and but not all standards are accepted and used by all vendors. In terms of the legacy equipment environment, telephony vendors built their competitive advantage around proprietary standards, but much of that has gone away with VoIP. Some vendors continue to support variations of standards that are still fairly proprietary and can do so based on their strong market position, however. While this runs contrary to the Internet's spirit of being open and standards-based, vendors will take any edge they can get. When you hear the term de facto standards, that's exactly what I'm talking about.
When standards are set, they are typically defined as industry protocols. These are basically the set of rules for how communications flow across networks. In the legacy world, H.323 is the major protocol for handling VoIP calls over the PSTN. It defines how most voice traffic is managed, since the PSTN is still the dominant telephony network. In time, however, it will be supplanted by IP networks, for which VoIP was designed from the bottom up. The major protocol for VoIP is Session Initiation Protocol, and while SIP is still evolving, it will eventually be the standard protocol for all voice traffic.
Dig deeper on VoIP QoS and Performance
Related Q&A from Jon Arnold
Expert Jon Arnold explains the meaning of a per-seat license in terms of how it applies to unified communications software.continue reading
Is a PBX system required when organizations move to VoIP? Or do they need to replace it? Telephony expert Jon Arnold explains the options available ...continue reading
For employees who work out of the office, are softphone clients or mobile phones the best option? Telephony expert Jon Arnold explains the difference...continue reading
Have a question for an expert?
Please add a title for your question
Get answers from a TechTarget expert on whatever's puzzling you.<|endoftext|>Naturopathic medicine is a holistic (whole-body) medical system that relies upon the capacity of nature to strengthen, cleanse, and heal the body.
The practice of naturopathic medicine originated in Germany in the 19th century. Today, with the goal of providing the most natural, least invasive treatments, practitioners use both conventional and alternative therapies — such as massage, herbal medicine, homeopathy, hydrotherapy, and lifestyle coaching. Naturopathic doctors strive to be teachers for their clients, to prevent illnesses, and to address the causes of illness, rather than merely the symptoms. While some naturopathic doctors (NDs) receive specialized training, practitioners educated in other disciplines (for example, chiropractors, acupuncturists, dentists, and nurses) often incorporate naturopathic methods into their diagnoses and therapies.
An initial visit with a naturopathic medical practitioner, who can be a primary care provider in some states, usually lasts between one and two hours. The practitioner conducts an extensive interview about the client’s medical history and then runs any necessary tests in order to decide, along with the client, the most appropriate form of care. The practitioner will assess the effectiveness of the chosen therapy during follow-up visits.
Naturopathic medicine is effective in treating chronic pain, sleep disorders, headaches, cancer, menopause, and other conditions.<|endoftext|>Parma, Piazzi: "Inter più forte, qui per l'esperienza"
articolo letto 809 volte
Luca Piazzi, responsabile del settore giovanile del Parma, commenta il primo tempo del match contro l'Inter Primavera ai microfoni di Rai Sport: "L'Inter è più forte di noi, noi dovevamo agire di rimessa. Noi siamo qui per fare esperienza, non per competere con l'Inter. Oggi speriamo di fare una prestazione dignitosa come stiamo facendo, ci giocheremo la qualificazione con gli australiani dell'A.P.I.A".<|endoftext|>Un lungo viaggio fra le vite che hanno segnato la rivoluzione egiziana. Espandi ▽
Sullo sfondo epocale, delle proteste di Piazza Tahrir al Cairo che hanno avuto inizio il 25 gennaio 2011, questo film di Ibrahim El Batout ci accompagna in un avvincente viaggio, che vede protagoniste le vite dell'attivista Amr, del giornalista Farah e dell'uffciale di stato Adel. Il film esplorerà come essi vedono una realtà in movimento nei giorni e nelle notti che portarono alle dimissioni del presidente Mubarak.<|endoftext|>A Tutti I Costi
Prodotto senza spese di spedizione
Bundle: Acquistali insieme e Risparmi!
Potrebbe anche interessarti:
Bonus
Bonus digitali
Informazioni sul prodotto
Neil De Marco e il suo socio Dave cercano di boicottare il traffico illegale di steroidi. Lavorano in incognito nel mondo del body building e delle palestre. Per cercare di entrare in contatto con l'uomo che credono responsabile del traffico, Dave e Neil devono dimostrare il loro valore, affrontando più di un mortale pericolo.<|endoftext|>In palio un week-end a Prove Libere a Pampeago il 4 e 5 aprile
Il meccanismo è molto semplice: cliccare sull’apposito banner a destra della home-page (sotto il player dei video) registrarsi o loggarsi, scegliere i due azzurri (uomo e donna) che si sono maggiormanete distinti in un blocco di gare che viene proposto (ad esempio Soelden e Levi), quindi pronosticare i vincitori del blocco di gare successivo (ad esempio Beaver Creek e Lake Louise).
I voti agli azzurri serviranno a determinare a fine stagione i vincitori del prestigioso Gran Premio Pool, messo in palio dal Pool Sci Italia, mentre verrà stilata una classifica tra chi ha indovinato il maggior numero di pronostici, blocco dopo blocco. I primi tre della graduatoria finale vinceranno un week-end a Pampeago il 4 e 5 aprile in occasione di Prove Libere, l’evento in cui sarà possibile provare in anteprima tutti gli sci della collezione 2008/2009. Insomma, scegliete i vostri azzurri, pronosticate e vincete!<|endoftext|>به گزارش خبرنگار خبرگزاری برنا،دکتر شجاعی در این دیدار اظهار داشت: اعتقاد دارم خداوند عادل، نیروهای با استعداد را به یک میزان در جهان پخش کرده است و کشوری موفق خواهد بود که استعدادهای مردمش را به خوبی بشناسد و بکار گیرد.
وی ادامه داد: نقشه راهی مشخص برای شناسایی و به کارگیری استعدادهای افراد در زمینه های مختلف تعریف شود تا این استعدادها در دیگر مسیرها به هدر نرود.
دکتر شجاعی خطاب به مستندسازان شبکه دو سیما گفت: کار شما برای تهیه مستند در مورد جوانان استان می تواند تلنگری برای دیگران باشد تا در ادامه شناخت دیگر استعدادها را به همراه داشته باشد.
وی مطرح کرد: در نشست خود با اعضای هیئت امنای دانشگاه فرهنگیان استان اعلام کردم آموزش و پرورش باید دانش آموزان با استعداد مناطق روستایی شناسایی کند تا بتوانیم بورسیه کنیم تا در آینده این افراد به عنوان نیروی بومی ماندگار با تعلق خاطر فراوان در این مناطق خدمت کنند.
وی تصریح کرد: تازمانی که بدنه نیروی انسانی به درستی تربیت و شکل داده نشود پسوند عقب ماندگی برای استان باقی می ماند.
دکتر شجاعی افزود: طی تماس تلفنی با رئیس فدراسیون دو و میدانی کشور با اشاره به نداشته های فراوان استان اما میزبانی مسابقات قهرمانی کشوری این رشته ورزشی را قبول کردم چرا که اعتقاد دارم حتی اگر تعداد کمی از نوجوانان و جوانان استان به این مسیر هدایت شوند ارزشمند خواهد بود.
وی در پایان تاکید کرد: نباید تنها به حرف زدن اکتفا کرد بلکه باید به طور عملیاتی وارد میدان شد و دامنه انجام کارهایی مانند تهیه اینگونه مستندها گسترده تر شود.<|endoftext|>Si aprirà venerdì in Italia il processo sulla morte di Saman Abbas, la 18enne uccisa per essersi opposta a un matrimonio combinato. Saranno presenti in aula solo tre dei 5 imputati: lo zio e i due cugini. Mancheranno invece il padre, la cui estrazione non è ancora stata eseguita, e la madre, tuttora irreperibile. Il fidanzato di Saman, Saqib Ayub, ha annunciato tramite il suo legale che si costituirà parte civile nel processo.<|endoftext|>三分时时彩
美国明尼阿波利斯警察暴力对待乔治·弗洛伊德，由此引发全国抗议活动，而特朗普的反应激起了全球评论和社论。
▲5月30日，民众在美国芝加哥示威抗议警察暴力执法。新华社发（克里斯·迪尔茨 摄）
澳大利亚《悉尼先驱晨报》：该报专栏作家汤姆·斯维泽认为这种模式太司空见惯了。
另一段视频显示，有示威者爬上了纪念一战阵亡者的纪念碑“和平纪念碑”，并在附近一座建筑上喷涂涂鸦。据伦敦警察厅透露，当晚逮捕了几人，其中两名男子涉嫌袭击一名急救人员。英国《卫报》网站6月1日发布了该报记者彼得·博蒙特撰写的题为《世界各地报纸对乔治·弗洛伊德事件抗议活动的反应：“腐朽的种族主义”》的专题报道，摘录了世界各国媒体对近期美国种族暴力事件的评论。报道摘编如下：
“真相是，明尼阿波利斯事件——视频录像在全球社交网络播放——只是最新证据，证明种族主义泛滥远未得到控制，奥巴马两届任期未采取任何措施为伤口消毒。相反，他们刺激了很多族群的报复欲望，伴随着根深蒂固的种族主义文化，2016年11月随着一位极右翼共和党候选人当选，报复的机会来了。”
▲在明尼阿波利斯市的乔治·弗洛伊德纪念墙前，堆满了鲜花。（路透社）
据海外网援引日本《读卖新闻》网站4日消息，日本厚生劳动省已经明确目标，从2021年上半年开始给全民接种新冠疫苗。
加拿大《多伦多星报》：该报驻华盛顿分社社长爱德华·基南在分析中感到悲观：即使美国总统确如部分盟友所敦促，发表了演讲，然而他却没有提出任何化解局势的措施。
“示威蔓延到白宫之后，总统威胁要用‘我所见过的最凶恶的狗、最可怕的武器’对付突破路障的抗议者，而且似乎是在召唤他的支持者集会迎战抗议者。政治上，鉴别敌人令特朗普进入自己的舒适区。他不是平息风波，而是火上浇油。”
但有分析指出，即使日美欧等国的药物和疫苗试验成功了，大规模的供给体制确立也需要时间。此外，药物和疫苗价格设定也是进行普及的关键。<|endoftext|>第 399 章【再修几个字】【小修】
诺顿走下母舰后,就停在原地，视线在西尔维娅身上停留了一下，然后又看向了侧边嵌入了地下的那柄剑。
格兰斯的旗帜在上方飘扬。
其他人这时候也从母舰中有条不紊地出来了，安静地停留在母舰旁。
莱克莱跟着德里克,也停在母舰旁边下来,学着德里克的样子，站直了身体,他在母舰上就关了直播,现在叶默他们在他右前方,他视线忍不住飘了过去。
诺顿朝着那柄被深深嵌入地底的剑走过去,叶默下意识跟了上去。
阿诺本来要过去拉住叶默，被走过来的西尔维娅拦住了,她没有出声,只是摇了摇头，看着诺顿跟叶默。
莱克莱站在原地，已经忘记了紧张，只是看着他们,现在是黄昏，有些昏黄的阳光撒在他们身上,带了一圈柔和的光晕。
诺顿单膝着地,手握在剑柄上,但很快又看向了一边的叶默,叶
|
4 | 1 | 1 |
people should face for animal cruelty.
"In short, Indonesia is very far from implementing and enforcing the law," she said.
Lebanon's animal rights activists are fighting to bring to national attention what they say are rampant trafficking and abuse, problems that are far from priorities in a country plagued with turbulence.
A large number of Indian zoos are reported to be involved in the illegal trade of wildlife animals and their body parts. Animals missing from zoos include the African lion, spotted deer, langur, falcons and several rare varieties of birds whose cost runs into millions of dollars.
This illegal animal trade includes trafficking of live animals, body parts of animals which include tiger parts, rhinoceros horn, shark fin, exotic birds and reptile skin. Smuggling of wildlife products is valued second only to the illegal weapons trade...
August 22, 2012 - Common Dream - Our Industrial Food System
HAVE THE COURAGE TO WATCH AND ENGAGE THIS ISSUE OF THE BILLIONS OF CATTLE BEING INHUMANELY SLAUGHTERED TO PUT FOOD ON OUR PLATE.
VIDEO documentation of "sickening" animal cruelty has prompted the USDA to suspend operations at a California slaughterhouse, another revelation of the industrial food system's cost to animal welfare and public health.... http://www.commondreams.org/headline/2012/08/22-2
AND NOT JUST IN THE USA...
ABC TV Four Corners - Animal Cruelty in Halal Meat Production in INDONESIA - YouTube http://ow.ly/darF5
A FULL INVESTIGATION FROM AUSTRALIAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION
Federal agriculture minister Joe Ludwig says that while there is a lot of work to be done for exporters to achieve required animal-welfare improvements in Middle Eastern supply chains, he is pleased with their commitment to the reforms. He released the following statement last week after returning from a six-day tour of the Middle East.
This trade is important for Australia – it supports jobs, hard working families and rural and regional communities, particularly in our north.
The only way to secure a future for Australia’s livestock export trade is to ensure animals are being treated in line with international standards. That means putting animal welfare front and centre through the implementation of the export supply chain assurance system (ESCAS).
This is the single biggest reform in the history of the live export trade and the government is supporting exporters to implement these important changes.
Sharing your scoops to your social media accounts is a must to distribute your curated content. Not only will it drive traffic and leads through your content, but it will help show your expertise with your followers.
How to integrate my topics' content to my website?
Integrating your curated content to your website or blog will allow you to increase your website visitors’ engagement, boost SEO and acquire new visitors. By redirecting your social media traffic to your website, Scoop.it will also help you generate more qualified traffic and leads from your curation work.
Distributing your curated content through a newsletter is a great way to nurture and engage your email subscribers will developing your traffic and visibility.
Creating engaging newsletters with your curated content is really easy.<|endoftext|>- having a petiole or peduncle.
Origin of petiolate
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018
Examples from the Web for petiolate
Leaves or leaflets are sessile when they have no stems, and petiolate when they have stems.Trees of the Northern United States
Austin C. Apgar
Cotyledons accumbent, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate.
No such thing as a petiolate leaf occurs in acrogens, all are attached by a broad base?
I have on a former occasion explained to you how, in insects that have a petiolate abdomen, that part is elevated and depressed.An Introduction to Entomology: Vol. IV (of 4)
- (of a plant or leaf) having a leafstalkCompare sessile (def. 1)
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012
- Having a petiole.
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.<|endoftext|>Il Tuo Carrello è vuoto
Il disegnatore progettista organi per la trasmissione del moto di Vittorio Re.
Paravia editore, 1951.252 pagine. 250 illustrazioni in bianco e nero nel testo e 19 tavole più volte ripiegate fuori testo.
Copertina editoriale in brossura.
Stato di conservazione: molto buono (pagine normalmente ingiallite, copertina un po' danneggiata)
Scrivi una recensione
Note: HTML non è tradotto!
Pessimo Buono<|endoftext|>Providing an overview of the book's chapter on under-funding NCLB, John Yinger, one of the chapter's authors, explained that to achieve the goals established by NCLB, federal funding for NCLB programs must increase exponentially, although states' needs vary in efforts to reach the law's proficiency goals. For example, according to their research, the authors believe that while Kansas will need an increase in annual funding for Title I aid of about 18 percent to achieve 100 percent proficiency by 2014, Missouri will require an increase of approximately 1,077 percent.
The book's chapter on standards, testing and accountability criticizes states' development of rigorous content standards and high-quality student assessments. Lauren Resnick, of the University of Pittsburgh, discussed the chapter on standards, opining that clear, rigorous content standards and assessments linked to these standards should be developed on a national level.
In summarizing the final chapter of the book, Amy Stuart Wells, of Columbia University, criticized NCLB for not providing low-income students attending failing schools with the opportunity to attend a higher-performing school. The authors of this chapter strongly encourage inter-district school choice programs, urging the reauthorization of NCLB to provide higher-performing schools with funding to encourage the acceptance of low-income transfer students from low-performing schools.<|endoftext|>How Did Antifa Start? It's Been Fighting Fascism For Nearly A Century
Following the events in Charlottesville, Virginia this weekend, the Antifa, or anti-fascist movement, has garnered significant attention and curiosity. Although many Americans have ever heard of the far-left political ideology, it's actually older than most people realize. The origins of the Antifa movement date back nearly a century, to a strikingly similar period of global history to what the world is experiencing today.
Antifa is a movement more than a distinctly organizing group, and the movement's roots trace all the way back to the beginnings of World War II. Following the first World War, physical destruction and austerity measures took a toll on the national morale in countries such as Germany, Italy, and Spain. People turned to fascism as a way of feeling protected — strongman leaders like Hitler and Mussolini promised a better, safer world, so long as they got to make all the decisions. Not everyone was on board with fascism though, leading the Antifa, anti-fascists, to violently fight against the authoritarian government in the streets.
But after the war, a global movement away from fascism meant that the movement died down. According to The Atlantic, the Antifa survived in the British punk scene during the '70s and '80s, when neo-Nazis tried to recruit hardcore punk rockers. When the Berlin Wall came down, Nazism also had a resurgence in Germany that Antifa activists were more than happy to squash.
The movement's American history started sometime around the '80s, too, centering around music in a similar fashion as the British Antifa scene. Punk, then grunge, far-left fans travelled around with their favorite bands, trying to prevent skinheads from spreading their ideology within the community. By the 2000s when the Internet came around, the transatlantic Antifa community has all communicating and generally sharing the same name.
The origins of the Antifa movement can help people cut through some of the emotionally charged rhetoric surrounding the word in the wake of the Charlottesville protests. Many people have even been comparing Antifa activists to American WWII veterans who stormed the beaches of Normandy to violently fight against a racist fascist. While the violence and physical damage that Antifa protestors have caused in recent months may seem unbecoming, it's part of a proud tradition of standing up to those who promote a racist, fascist society, through any means necessary.
Antifa is a morally complex ideology that the United States is having a difficult time talking about, as Peter Beinart wrote for The Atlantic, the modern movement in America boils down to one question: "If you believe the president of the United States is leading a racist, fascist movement that threatens the rights, if not the lives, of vulnerable minorities, how far are you willing to go to stop it?"<|endoftext|>June 14, 2018
A decade ago, trends had a longer life cycle. As per the fashion trickle theory, trends ‘trickled’ down from couture to high street, starting from the rich and famous. Think of it in a pyramid form. A trend would be adopted as it slowly moves its way down to designers, contemporary and high street. By the time the trend reaches the bottom, the rich and famous would have moved on to another trend. Fast forward to the present, however, it is clear that the dynamic has shifted. Trends are no longer derived from a single source and can be generated across all verticals. They are also moving at an increasingly faster pace, which means that holographic dresses could be selling well today, but piled up in warehouses by next week. In an already saturated fashion market, it can be tough for retailers to stand out. This is why comparison shopping is crucial for any business.
Comparison shopping is essentially a type of market research. Gauging on what competitors are stocking up on, as well as the strategies utilised, gives a clear overview of the current market. Buyers are typically in charge of this, and conduct comparison shopping each season, as inventories are refreshed by a new cycle. The usual key areas to take note of are:
If the comparison shopping is done in a brick-and-mortar shop, the number of sales assistants and the shopping environment are taken into account. According to authors of Mastering Fashion Marketing, Jackson and Shaw, comparison shopping can be done via a table format, as shown below:
|Brands||Prices||Colours||Sizes||Materials||Age||Categories||Sales Assistant||Shopping Environment|
Adapted from Jackson and Shaw (2001)
Comparison shopping comes in various forms. The traditional way is to visit the competitors’ store. More recently, social media is an alternative way used to gain online insights. While the goal is the same, both of these methods utilised are not the most effective in our technological-driven world.
Visiting Brick-and-Mortar Stores
Before digitisation, buyers would visit their competitors’ stores to conduct comparison shopping. The buyers would generally visit each aisle, look through the items hung, folded or displayed. If necessary, they will talk to the sales assistant. Any interesting piece of information can be documented with a notepad, and cameras are brought along. Since most of the transactions back then were mainly made in stores, this method was the most popular. In retrospect, it is also the most expensive. Travel expenses, especially if the buyer is required to study an international market, are costly.
It is also seen as a time-consuming activity. If the brand has three competitors, the buyers would need to visit all three stores, and repeat the same procedures for each one. In an era where online shopping is the new norm, the time spent travelling to and browsing the store is not justifiable. Additionally, since most stores are moving online now, the stocks in-store may not be of the latest season, and the buyers will have to revisit.
Scrolling Social Media
Social media has spurred the growth of online shopping, so it is natural that brands and retailers conduct comparison shopping via social media. In our previous Instagram Fashion Sellers article, we noted that Instagram can be used to study the market. Scrolling through competitors’ feeds and noting down which products were promoted is one way to do it. With the popularity of hashtags, the process of comparison shopping is made easier. As most brands have their own unique hashtags (for example, #AsSeenOnMe for ASOS and #babesofmissguided for Missguided) that consumers will ‘tag’ in their post, going through what real consumers have purchased and worn gives an idea of what is selling well.
However, trends on social media are volatile. Something that went ‘viral’ has the possibility of just staying online. In other words, high engagements do not translate into sales, and it takes a lot of guesswork to determine the market. For example, some brands spend on ads to boost their posts, which explains why an Instagram post could garner 50,000 likes, but not the same amount of sales.
How Data Fills The Gap of Comparison Shopping
In a market where one wrong move can cost the entire business, ensuring the company is a step ahead is not only favourable, but crucial. Its importance is even more paramount in a digitised era. Of course, both methods of comparison shopping can be utilised to get the job done. However, with the current market that is ever-changing, both methods simply do not get the job done well enough.
This is where data can assist.
Comparison shopping through data not only gives a market overview, it also allows you to watch your competitors through a macro lens and predict future trends. In just a few clicks, the real-time market can be studied and evaluated. The insights garnered is then made actionable, where brands and retailers can make the next decision – one that has data validation. In fact, all of these can be accessed in one sitting, thus saving cost and increasing efficiency.
To better illustrate, Pomelo Fashion will be used as an example. Buyers can conduct comparison shopping on the direct consumer label – that has four different markets in Southeast Asia – with just pure data. The markets are Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and data can show what each market stocked up on, as well as what sold out the most.
Determining Category Assortments and Bestsellers
For both Indonesia and Singapore’s market, the top five assortments for Pomelo Fashion were tops, dresses, earrings, pants and leggings, and skirts. For Singapore’s market, however, jumpsuits and playsuits sold out more than skirts, even though the former was stocked up less. This showed a missed opportunity: Singaporeans were buying more of the jumpsuits and playsuits, and therefore it could be stocked up more. For both markets, while tops was the most highly-stocked category, it was earrings that were the bestsellers. The images below show three of the most popular earrings for both markets.
Image sources: Pomelo Fashion. From left: Embellished Baby Flowers Link Drop Earrings, Circular Plate Stud Hoop Earrings (Gold), Double Metallic Circular Plate Drop Earrings
As for Pomelo Fashion Thailand, earrings were also the bestsellers here. The market also preferred jumpsuits and playsuits over pants and leggings for its fifth category, which is similar to the Singaporean market, where jumpsuits and playsuits had a higher sellout as well. In fact, the very same category was also the second most out-of-stock category, and actually had a higher replenishment rate than earrings.
Image sources: Pomelo Fashion. From left: Floral V Neck Ruffle Romper, V Neck Belted Jumpsuit, Belted Polkadot V-Neck Jumpsuit
Through data, a product’s life cycle can be determined too. In the month of May alone, the Belted Polkadot V-Neck Jumpsuit (pictured on the right) went out-of-stock five times and was replenished six. The grey V Neck Belted Jumpsuit (shown in the middle), on the other hand, faced a stockout four times and was replenished in the same amount too.
Just like the Singaporean market, the Malaysian crowd favoured jumpsuits and playsuits over skirts too, even though the latter category was stocked slightly higher. The best-selling category bore no resemblance to the rest of the markets, as it was dresses that had the highest sellout rate.
Image sources: Pomelo Fashion. From left: Side Wrap V-Neck Mini Dress, Textured Pinstriped Tie Waist Shirt Dress, V Neck Oversized Shirt Tunic
The dresses above were a few most popular examples. The Side Wrap V-Neck Mini Dress in black (left), as well as the V Neck Oversized Shirt Tunic in pink (right), went out-of-stock for a total of three times in just a month. The yellow Tie Waist Shirt Dress had a higher popularity, as it went out-of-stock a few days after being replenished.
Gauging In-Demand Colours
Besides category assortments, colours can be evaluated with data as well. Colour palettes are an important factor, as shown by the dominance of Millennial Pink. With data, the most out-of-stock colours can be established, hence giving brands and retailers an idea of what they could potentially stock up on next.
To determine the best-selling colours, what data does is that it computes the sellout rates for each item. For example, a retailer releases three colours – red, blue and black – and data shows more red items selling out. This indicates that red is a popular colour for a particular brand. In Pomelo Fashion’s case, the top five colours for Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand were in the order of white, black, grey, pink and blue.
While monotone colours were still the consumer favourites in Indonesia, this country had a slightly different ranking. Instead of black, grey came in close as the second most in-demand colour. Some examples of grey shades that went out-of-stock were medium grey, dark grey and light bluish grey.
Setting Pricing Strategies
The price architecture is arguably one of the most important criteria when it comes to assortments. Brands and retailers need to grasp the balance of the right price for the right product. If a good quality product is undercharged, profits will plummet. Vice versa, if a bad quality product is overcharged, the company will be reputed for swindling. Comparison shopping via data is an efficient way to look through how much competitors set their prices at. This is even more beneficial for those studying international markets since different markets will have various financial standpoints.
To study the pricing architecture of Pomelo Fashion, all prices have been converted to MYR for clarification.
For Pomelo Fashion Indonesia, most products were priced at the RM50-100 range. This includes sportswear, bags and caps. Anything above RM200 was under the ‘premium’ selection, with nothing over the 10 SKUs mark. This served as an indication that perhaps, the Indonesian market is price-conscious.
Interestingly, pricing strategy for the Indonesian market is in contrast with the rest of its neighbouring countries.
A glance between the two charts and a discrepancy is obviously seen. Price-wise, there were more selections for the Malaysian market, with the range extending to RM600. Most of the products were dispersed in the first four ranges of RM0-200. The common price point was higher than the Indonesian market, with most products priced at the RM100-150 range.
Pomelo Fashion Singapore and Indonesia may have similar top five assortments, but it is Singapore and Thailand
|
4 | 1 | 2 |
Sony Company in 1979. The much older, 1/4 inch (about 6.4 mm) jack is now used only in professional equipment. When wiring up the stereo jacks, the tip is always the left channel, the portion in between is the right channel, and the outer sleeve is the ground.
The use of ear buds has a profound impact on how one perceives sound. This is because an earpiece feeds the sound directly into the eardrums, without the normal acoustic contouring by the listenerâs head and outer ear that normal loudspeakers give scope for. Lacking these spatial references, the brain then imagines the sound to be in a straight line within the head and between the ears. This strips the sound of its 3 dimensional effect, otherwise produced by the normal loudspeakers.
From their shapes and sizes, earpieces can be placed into four categories. The circum-aural types have large pads that surround the outer ear. They are most commonly used in recording studios. The supra-aural headphones fit just over the ear, without fully surrounding it. Ear buds are designed to fit inside outer earâs canal. However, they donât fully cover the canal, and exterior sounds can still be heard around them. In contrast, canal phones, the fourth category, fit snugly into the earâs canal, and effectively block off the external sounds.<|endoftext|>Bats and dolphins are famous for using echolocation to help navigate their surroundings.
In contrast, humans normally rely on vision to navigate. When vision is impaired, however, we can learn to rely on echolocation. Although it is rare to find people who rely solely on hearing:
Categories: Intelligence and Neuroscience, Nature's Solutions
Tags: bat, echolocation, health, human, neuroscience, physiology
Leave a Reply<|endoftext|>Bocchi – genealogia del cognome e suoi derivati che sono: Bocchini, Bocchetti, Bocchiaro, forse altri ancora.
Il cognome “Bocchi” potrebbe avere diverse origini. Potrebbe derivare da un soprannome basato su caratteristiche fisiche o personali di un antenato, oppure potrebbe essere associato a un toponimo, cioè a una località geografica. Ad esempio, potrebbe essere legato a un luogo chiamato “Bocchi” o a una caratteristica geografica come una collina, una valle o un fiume.
Infatti Bocchi è una località che fa parte del comune di Comazzo, in provincia di Lodi, nella regione Lombardia.
Il termine “bócchi” è un derivato della parola “bocca”. In un contesto antico o regionale, l’espressione “far bocchi” significava mettere le labbra in una posizione particolare per esprimere disprezzo o disapprovazione. In sostanza, era un gesto usato per manifestare il proprio disprezzo o disgusto [fonte: Enciclopedia Italiana Treccani].
È possibile che il capostipite di questa famiglia avesse una particolare conformazione delle labbra che faceva pensare che stesse “facendo i bocchi,” ossia esprimendo disprezzo o disapprovazione. Questa caratteristica potrebbe aver dato origine al soprannome, da cui successivamente è nato il cognome.
Origine e diffusione in sintesi
Il cognome Bocchi sembra essere più diffuso nelle regioni settentrionali dell’Italia, come la Lombardia e l’Emilia-Romagna, dove potrebbe avere radici più antiche. Tuttavia, è possibile trovarlo in altre regioni italiane a causa della migrazione e della diffusione delle famiglie nel corso dei secoli.
Al di fuori dell’Italia, il cognome Bocchi potrebbe essere presente in paesi dove immigranti italiani si sono stabiliti nel corso della storia, come gli Stati Uniti, il Brasile o l’Argentina.
Famiglie blasonate
Il cognome “Bocchi” ha una storia notevole, come descritto nelle “Cose Notabili” di Giuseppe Guidicini. Ecco alcuni punti salienti della storia e delle realizzazioni della famiglia Bocchi:
- Achille Bocchi: Uno dei membri più celebri della famiglia Bocchi fu Achille Bocchi, noto per la sua opera “Symbolicarum quaestionum de universo genere quas serio ludebat, lib. V,” pubblicata a Bologna nel 1555.
- Accademia Bocchiana: Nel 1622, Achille Bocchi istituì l’Accademia Bocchiana, che divenne famosa e rinomata.
- Impegno Commerciale: Nel 1431, i membri della famiglia Bocchi erano coinvolti nell’attività mercantile, testimonianza della loro presenza e ruolo nella vita economica dell’epoca.
- Accademia Hermathena: L’accademia Bocchiana era così rinomata che era conosciuta anche come “Hermathena.” Questo dimostra l’importanza dell’accademia nella promozione delle arti e delle scienze.
- Successione e Eredità: La famiglia Bocchi aveva una ricca tradizione di eredità e successione, come dimostra il passaggio delle loro proprietà ai Palmieri e ai Piella nel corso dei secoli.
Inoltre, il cognome Bocchi è associato a una lunga tradizione di contributi culturali e intellettuali, attraverso l’opera di Achille Bocchi e l’Accademia Bocchiana. La loro storia è un retaggio prezioso nella storia di Bologna e dell’Italia, e rappresenta un esempio di come una famiglia possa avere un impatto significativo nella società attraverso il suo impegno nelle arti e nella cultura.
Portale Antenati e FAMILYSEARCH
Portale Antenati: https://antenati.cultura.gov.it/search-nominative/?cognome=Bocchi
FamilySearch: https://www.familysearch.org/it/surname?surname=Bocchi
SUGGERIMENTI PER ULTERIORI RICERCHE
Le informazioni su questa pagina forniscono solo un quadro informativo e non stanno a costituire un’analisi completa del cognome in questione. Pertanto, suggeriamo vivamente di condurre ulteriori ricerche al riguardo e di consultare fonti accademiche per ottenere informazioni più dettagliate. È importante tenere presente che questi dati non hanno carattere definitivo; potrebbero subire cambiamenti o integrazioni nel corso del tempo. Pertanto, è consigliabile rivolgersi a esperti di genealogia, storia dei cognomi o linguistica, al fine di acquisire una conoscenza più approfondita in merito. Questo documento presenta soltanto una panoramica generale; per una comprensione esaustiva, è opportuno fare riferimento a fonti autorevoli.
Bocchi – genealogia del cognome – #Cognome – #Cognomi – #CognomeRaro – #Cognomi-italiani – Genealogia del cognome Bocchi – Origine e significato del cognome Bocchi.
Vedi gli altri cognomi già pubblicati:
BLOG COSTANTEMENTE AGGIORNATO
Usa il modulo dei commenti per aggiungere dati informativi a questo blog oppure alla pagina.
Oppure fai le tue domande nel gruppo Retaggio su Facebook.
Grazie a tutti per la cortese collaborazione.
Richiedi uno studio sul retaggio del tuo cognome
https://www.retaggio.it/richiedi-genealogia-del-cognome/
LA NOSTRA PRIVACY POLICY
https://www.retaggio.it/retaggio-e-genealogia-privacy-policy/
Come ambasciatore di FamilySearch ti invito a registrati al sito web FamilySearch<|endoftext|>به گزارش شهرآرانیوز، شاهین چگینی ضمن اشاره به دیدار اخیر مدیران تماشاخانهها با مدیرکل هنرهای نمایشی بیان کرد: در شرایط فعلی یک مسئله مهم ما است که باید به گروههایی که در سالنها قصد اجرا داشتند پاسخگو باشیم، چون برخی ممکن است تصمیم به لغو اجرای نمایش خود بگیرند و در این شرایط مشخص نیست آیا سالندار باید پول گروه را برگرداند؟ و اگر برگرداند خسارت سالن چه میشود؟ به همین دلیل ما تاکید کردیم باید یک مدیریت بحران وجود داشته باشد و گفته شد که حتما حمایت مالی انجام میشود، ولی باید رایزنیها و مشورتهایی صورت گیرد تا مشخص کنند این ضرر مالی از چه محلی و به چه شکل جبران شود.
او افزود: جدا از این نکته، در حال حاضر مسئله مهمتر ما این است که اگر قرار باشد کارها از سر گرفته شود و مردم در سالنها سانس به سانس بیایند و بروند بدون ضدعفونی کردن و تجهیزات ایمنی برای رعایت بهداشت این کار امکانپذیر است؟ البته من احتمال کمی میدهم مردم بیایند، ولی به هر حال این شرایط کار را سخت میکند.
وی ادامه داد: من از آقای کرمی خواستم وسایل لازم را برای ضدعفونی کردن سالنها به نحوی در اختیار ما قرار دهند، چون مشکل است ما به تنهایی حجم زیادی را بتوانیم در بازار پیدا کنیم و حتی اگر هم در اختیار داشته باشیم ضدعفونی کردن کار ما نیست، چون نیروی متخصص و امکانات و تجهیزات میخواهد.
چگینی گفت: فرقی نمیکند این سالنها فردا صبح یا ۱۰ روز دیگر باز شوند و اگر تمهیدات لازم رعایت نشود به ماجرا دامن زدهایم. به همین دلیل وزارت بهداشت برای ضدعفونی کردن این سالنها باید کمک کند.
منبع: ایسنا<|endoftext|>mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Differ in Antibody Response
Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna mRNA vaccines provoke different levels of antibody response within and between age groups.
The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccines differ in the levels of antibody response they provoke, according to results from a head-to-head comparison and the analysis by age of the vaccine recipients.
Jeffrey Wilson, MD, PhD., Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, and colleagues obtained quantitative assays for IgG to SARS-CoV-2 spike-receptor binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid after the 1st dose for some, and after the 2nd dose for all of the cohort of 167 vaccine recipients.
The investigators did not measure neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), which they acknowledge as a limitation in the study but note that others have established good correlation between the SARS-CoV-2 binding and neutralizing antibodies.
"One of the reasons we believe that studying binding antibodies (Abs) is important is that it is the only test that is readily available at low cost and can be implemented at scale," Wilson explained to Contagion. "This is not true for assays that measure nAbs or B or T cell memory."
Wilson commented on the purpose and limits of this study, characterizing it as "a small piece of a big puzzle."
"A comprehensive comparison of the two vaccines would require analysis of nAbs, B cell memory and T cells," Wilson said. "However there is already good data showing a strong correlation between binding Abs and nAbs and all of these immune metrics are indirect markers of the most important outcome, which is protection from infection and/or clinical disease."
The median age of the 167 vaccine recipients was 42 (interquartile range, 32-57 years), with 63 recipients (38%) aged 50 years or greater.There were no statistically significant differences between the vaccine groups in their numbers by age, sex or race.
The investigators found lower Abs levels in recipients of the mRNA vaccine from Pfizer-BioNTech than from Moderna; at both 14-28 days after the first dose, 5.9μg/ml (95% CI, 3.7-9.69μg/ml) vs 19.19μg/ml (15.8-23.19μg/ml), and 7-31 days after the 2nd dose, 45.9 μg/ml (37.0-57.0 μg/ml) vs 68.5 μg/ml (61.9-75.7).
Lower antibody levels after one or both injections were found with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine than with the Moderna vaccine in those 50 years of age or older; and these were lower than in younger recipients of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The levels achieved with the Moderna vaccine, however, were not statistically different between age groups. The investigators suggest that the apparent difference in immunogenicity observed in older adults might be attributed to the 30μg of mRNA contained in the Pfizer product vs 100 μg in the Moderna formulation.
"I think our study suggests that regulatory agencies should be taking a careful look at the data, looking specifically at outcomes in high-risk groups," Wilson said. "Although on aggregate both mRNA vaccines are performing well, it is possible that there are differences in certain populations that could warrant a recommendation. Of course, there is already precedent for this sort of thing in influenza, where the high dose FluZone is targeted to subjects 65 and over."
The investigators recommend additional studies to determine whether binding antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 can be used to predict clinical protection against COVID-19, and Wilson cautioned against expecting these to reveal a short-cut in vaccine development in the near-term.
"Until an immune correlate of protection is identified, I don't think there is a way around large population-based studies," Wilson said.<|endoftext|>Kriz Grubu: Finlandiya ve İsveç'in NATO'ya kabul süreci, Türkiye nedeniyle sürüncemede kalabilirYorumlar
NATO Zirvesi'nin İspanya'da bugün başladığı sırada Uluslararası Kriz Grubu'ndan Finlandiya ve İsveç'in pakta üyelik ihtimali konusunda "karamsar" bir rapor yayınlandı.
Raporda, Ankara'nın Stockholm ve Helsinki'ye yönelik "taleplerinden geri adım atma olasılığının düşük olduğu" vurgulanırken Türkiye'nin engellemesi nedeniyle sürecin "muhtemelen sürüncemede kalacağı" belirtildi.
Metinde, Türkiye'nin bu vesileyle terör örgütü olarak kabul edilen PKK'ya yönelik Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) ve Avrupa Birliği'nin (AB) "müsamahakar tutumundan uzun süredir duyduğu rahatsızlığı dile getireceği" belirtiliyor.
Finlandiya Cumhurbaşkanı Sauli Niinistö, İsveç Başbakanı Magdalena Andersson ve Türkiye Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Madrid'de NATO Genel Sekreteri Jens Stoltenberg ile bir araya gelecek. Ancak üst düzey yetkililer arasında haftalardır süren görüşmelere rağmen çok az ilerleme kaydedilmiş görünüyor.
İyimserlik havası
Madrid zirvesi öncesinde olumlu bir tablo çizmeye çalışan 73 yaşındaki Finlandiya Cumhurbaşkanı, Türkiye ile müzakerelerin bir hafta öncesine kıyasla "şimdiden daha iyi göründüğünü" ve Türkiye tarafının son dönemde hiçbir toplantıyı iptal etmediğini söyledi.
Ancak Niinistö, NATO liderler zirvesinde bir anlaşmaya varılabileceğini düşünüp düşünmediği konusunda bilgi vermedi ve bunun yerine Türkiye'nin Finlandiya'dan ziyade İsveç'ten daha spesifik taleplerde bulunduğunu söyledi.
Finlandiya Uluslararası İlişkiler Enstitüsü'nden araştırmacı Matti Pesu kaleme aldığı yazıda, birçok Türkiye uzmanının çok daha kötümser olduğunu belirtmesine rağmen, kendisinin bir çözüm bulunabileceği konusunda "bir miktar iyimser" olduğunu ifade etti.
Pesu, "Beklentilerin net bir şekilde düşürülmesi, Erdoğan'a kendisini, tüm beklentilerin aksine Finlandiya ve İsveç'teki durumu ve ittifakın ortak çıkarlarını karşılayacak ve anlayacak nazik ve çözüm odaklı bir oyuncu olarak sunma fırsatı veriyor" diye yazdı:
"Madrid'deki liderler toplantısı kilit önemde olacak. Göreceği ilgi çok büyük olacak. Erdoğan'ın esnekliği ona çok fazla iyi niyet ve görünürlük kazandırabilir. Madrid'deki liderler toplantısından bir sonuç çıkmaması NATO'nun prestijini sarsacaktır."
Alman Uluslararası ve Güvenlik İşleri Enstitüsü'nden Mina Alander de "Böyle üst düzey bir toplantı iyi ama bir ilerleme kaydedileceği konusunda şüphelerim var. Daha önce de söylediğim gibi, eğer 'evet' çıkarsa bu olumlu bir sürpriz olur" diyerek zirve öncesi görüşlerini dile getirdi.
Ankara'ya taviz verme konusunda Fin kamuoyu isteksiz
Türkiye'nin NATO üyeliği ablukasını kaldırmayı kabul etmeden önce Finlandiya ve İsveç ile çözmek istedikleri bir şikayet listesi bulunuyor.
Bu liste PKK'nın üye toplama, para kaynağı sağlama ve propaganda faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmesinin engellenmesini de içeriyor. Türkiye ayrıca Fin ve İsveç makamlarından 30'dan fazla kişinin iadesini istiyor - bunlardan bazıları PKK aktivisti, diğerleri ise Gülen grubuyla bağlantılı oldukları iddia edilen kişiler.
Ancak Finlandiya'da açıklanan son kamuoyu yoklaması, Türkiye'nin taleplerine boyun eğme konusunda pek istekli olmadığını gösteriyor.
Helsingin Sanomat gazetesi için yapılan ankette Finlandiyalıların yüzde 70'i Türkiye'yi "memnun etmek" için mevzuatta ya da ilkelerde herhangi bir değişikliğe gidilmesi gerektiğini düşünmüyor.
Sadece yüzde 14'ü Finlandiya'nın Türk taleplerini kabul etmesine sıcak bakıyor.
Türkiye'ye karşı en sert tutumu Yeşiller ve Sol İttifak partilerinin destekçileri takınırken, aşırı sağcı Fin Partisi destekçileri taviz vermeye en istekli olanlar olarak öne çıkıyor.
Aynı anket, Finlandiyalıların yüzde 79'unun NATO üyeliğini desteklediğini ortaya koyarken, bu oran rekor bir seviye olarak kabul ediliyor. Ankete katılan Finlerin sadece yüzde 10'u NATO'ya katılmaya karşı çıkıyor.<|endoftext|>Nochi ( Vitex negundo ) is one of the very useful plant in Indian System of medicine, widely used in all systems of treatment – Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy, and Allopathy. It is also commonly used in folk medicine in India, Bangladesh, China, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Japan.
True to its meaning in Sanskrit (that which keeps the body free from all diseases). Nochi is considered as an effective Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-fungal. It is used to treat a wide range of ailments, ranging from Sinus Infection, headache, to migraine, from skin affections to wounds, and swelling, asthmatic pains, male and female sexual and reproductive problems.
Referred to as sindhuvara in Ayurveda, Nochi has been used as medicine since ancient times. It is taken both internally and externally. The whole plant, leaves, leaf oil, roots, fruits, and seeds are administered in the treatment of specific diseases. However, in Ayurveda, the leaves, roots, and bark are
|
4 | 1 | 3 |
author is given, the source is cited instead.<|endoftext|>皮城女警技术解析，具有艺术性的高于用钻石装饰，知识的尽量的都减少了极乐。，女警是小编最爱人的下路adc经过，带一体美丽的女人和另一体空白主考者一同玩，他常常和男主角一同玩，小编问她为什么这么地爱人它，他说她很心爱。。喂，小编会带全部处境一同知识因此心爱的ADC BA。
皮城女警—凯特琳：率先来说女警的优点，男主角只计算普通袭击的间隔。，他是全男主角同盟条约中手长音的的ADC男主角，因而优势是不言而喻的，在网上被撕裂是不容易的，同时易于解决遏制人的D。，从具有艺术性的视图女警的输入还算是改正的，被动语态出疹先前削弱。，除了尽管不愿意是晚期否则衰退期女警手长的遏制力相配爆头否则会有奇效！Q具有艺术性的战争谈判代表是一体精辟的AOE大马，通常用于晚期重新放置或血液消费。，W是叠化剪辑诡计，亦女警的把持具有艺术性的，这是任一奇异的争议的具有艺术性的，有些神把它作为经典的的引荐。，某些人用它。，它是一只眼睛。。具有艺术性的是一种换位诡计。，有一件事要理睬，无你想去哪里，都要朝相反的关系去。，即使E对一体人，它也会跃遥远的惨败。，通常，eq以协议约束记分是延续自己谋生，大比赛易于解决包含，有很长的浇铸间隔，你可以在这段间隔内打沙锥鸟任何一个男主角。，除了错误是他们易于解决被同队队员监护！
那就有错误了，率先女警的输入匹敌信任被动语态的爆头，在晚期和衰退期都是这么，因而他需求不休的输入来装扮男主角的角色。。CD晚期长研制周期，绝对信任器材，因而冲洗时期匹敌长，其次，凯瑟琳的换位诡计不一致老手。，即使碰撞带把持点的AP，可能会遗失一组秒l，相似地小渔人、安妮执意这么。，we的自己的事物格形式一看见他们就跑。，很多老手会在急着的时辰中转，一体E不久走进汇合，很为难。！
接下来，小编为你推理男主角绝技，最早，女警是同盟条约里，晚期元中间隔最远的男主角，让她可以恣意遏制火线，除了，we的自己的事物格形式应当理睬的是，在T区缺少袭击速度和袭击。，因而你可以用被动语态突如其来的强劲气流的不可更改的一步去找寻一体本地新闻的男主角。，因此空白应当与被动语态派勾结，草丛切中要害大头针A一次可以叠加两个被动语态导致，其次晚期要紧的是吃兵线，即使你因不可更改的一体男主角A而丢了刀，那是不值当的。，那么计算小兵士的袭击，在兵士袭击男主角的步骤中，兵士会袭击你，晚期兵士的遗失奇异的大，自己的事物这些都强制的思索在内。
秒，女警的WV形夹子，这是任一奇异的风趣的具有艺术性的，晚期你会有三个叠化剪辑，你可以把它放在改正的得第二名上，限度局限灌肠器的得第二名，铭记不忘即使你来甘，叫回遵守令限度局限他，那么像健生那么切你，你可以把V形夹子放在在下面，与你的副的勾结，当你的补救办法受到把持时，你也可以在他的在下面感光快的地放一体V形夹子。，一次拍摄导致附加到叠化剪辑，使挫伤特殊悲哀。
第三，E具有艺术性的是女警的偏移具有艺术性的，它也会使挫伤。，女警的一套出疹执意EQ平A增多招，Q具有艺术性的长时期摇摆，易于解决野生种。，因而e具有艺术性的的加速导致可以干杯q具有艺术性的打击与敌对力量相关的，电子具有艺术性的跃脉冲，后者是恰当的管保。，是女警出疹的一套损伤。同时，E具有艺术性的可以穿透壁垒！这就为女警想要了必然的活着才能，纯熟运用e也可以制止与敌对力量相关的的具有艺术性的缺乏来抵消。。
四，团战，女警的大招在团战切中要害功能并指责很大，因而你可以在开端游览过去的运用它，达到一体指定的特等监视，在团前多放些叠化剪辑，叫回把它放在主战场上，但愿你能到达他方的输入，就可以演奏。，但你站的空白要谨慎，牢记不要被剪成平的。，即使一体累得要死的斗士擅入溜溜球，先打他。，铭记不忘，ADC可是遗物，持续在用魔术变出师的Canyo中输入。
不可更改的，器材，极乐配了电刀，永久的，岚切，饮血剑，穿甲弓，自然袭击速度，不可更改的，可以创造元气或还魂装甲，可理性处境作详细苗条的。，同时，电刀可以替代炮术家、Luanna以及安宁人。普通处境下，三个大件的女警就可以有很强的输入损伤了。
男教师这些具有艺术性的可以扶助全部处境提出女警的纯熟度，想和安宁角色一同玩可以留言甘肃小比亚，会给你制造差别的男主角。<|endoftext|>The common virus Herpes simplex, known as simply as herpes, can cause painful blister-like lesions around the mouth and in the genitalia. Slightly different strains of herpes predominate in each of these two locations, but the infections are essentially identical. In both areas, the herpes virus has the devious habit of hiding out deep in the DNA of nerve ganglia, where it remains inactive for months or years. From time to time the virus reactivates, travels down the nerve, and starts an eruption. Common triggers include stress, dental procedures, infections, and trauma. Flare-ups usually become less severe over time.
Conventional medical treatment consists of antiviral drugs, such as Zovirax. Such medications can shorten the length and intensity of a herpes outbreak or, when taken consistently at lower dosages, reduce the frequency of flare-ups. In addition, they can reduce transmission of the disease.
Several natural treatment have shown promise for treating herpes. Note, however, that while conventional treatments can reduce infectivity and thereby help prevent the spread of the disease, no natural treatment has been shown to do this. Keep in mind that common sense methods used to prevent herpes transmission are not entirely effective: many people are infectious even when they do not have obvious symptoms, and use of a condom does not entirely prevent the spread of the virus. Therefore, if you are sexually active with a noninfected partner who wishes to remain that way, we strongly recommend that you use suppressive drug therapy.
More commonly known in the United States as lemon balm, Melissa officinalis is widely sold in Europe as a topical cream for the treatment of genital and oral herpes.
One double-blind, placebo-controlled study followed 66 people who were just starting to develop a cold sore (oral herpes).4 Treatment with melissa cream produced significant benefits on day 2, reducing intensity of discomfort, number of blisters, and the size of the lesion. (The researchers specifically looked at day 2 because, according to them, that is when symptoms are most pronounced.)
Another double-blind study followed 116 individuals with oral or genital herpes.3 Participants used either melissa cream or placebo cream for up to 10 days. The results showed that use of the herb resulted in a significantly better rate of recovery than those given placebo.
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Melissa article.
The succulent aloe plant is famous as a treatment for burns and minor wounds. However, while there is little evidence it is effective for those purposes, two studies suggest that aloe has potential value in the treatment of herpes infections.
A 2-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 60 men with active genital herpes.7 Participants applied aloe cream (0.5% aloe) or placebo cream 3 times daily for 5 days. Use of aloe cream reduced the time necessary for lesions to heal and also increased the percentage of individuals who were fully healed by the end of 2 weeks.
A previous double-blind, placebo-controlled study by the same author enrolling 120 men with genital herpes found that aloe cream was more effective than pure aloe gel or placebo.8 The author theorized that the oily constituents in the cream improved aloe absorption.
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Aloe article.
Another famous treatment for herpes involves the amino acid L-lysine. Taken regularly in sufficient doses, lysine supplements appear to reduce the number and intensity of herpes flare-ups.9 However, a study evaluating lysine taken only at the onset of a herpes attack found no benefit.10 (Consider using melissa for this latter purpose.)
One double-blind, placebo-controlled study followed 52 participants with a history of herpes flare-ups.11 While receiving 3 g of L-lysine every day for 6 months, the treatment group experienced an average of 2.4 fewer herpes flare-ups than the placebo group—a significant difference. The lysine group's flare-ups were also significantly less severe and healed faster.
Another double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study on 41 subjects also found improvements in the frequency of attacks.12 Interestingly, this study found that 1,250 mg of lysine daily worked, but 624 mg did not.
Other studies, including one that followed 65 individuals, found no benefit, but they used lower dosages of lysine.13,14
For more information, including dosage and safety issues, see the full Lysine article.
Zinc lozenges or nasal sprays are thought to be effective for fighting the viruses that cause colds. A recent study suggests that topical zinc may be helpful for herpes infections of the mouth and face as well. In this trial, 46 individuals with cold sores were treated with a zinc oxide cream or placebo every 2 hours until cold sores resolved.17 The results showed that individuals using the cream experienced a reduction in severity of symptoms and a shorter time to full recovery.
Eleutherococcus, incorrectly called Russian or Siberian ginseng, has shown promise for the treatment of herpes. A 6-month, double-blind trial of 93 men and women with recurrent genital herpes infections found that treatment with eleutherococcus (2 g daily) reduced the frequency of infections by almost 50%.18
A double-blind trial of 149 individuals with recurrent oral herpes compared the effectiveness of cream containing Zovirax against cream containing the herbs sage and rhubarb, and cream containing sage alone.26 The combination of sage and rhubarb proved to be equally effective to Zovirax cream; sage by itself was less effective, if at all.
One study suggests that topical treatment with a vitamin C solution may speed healing of oral herpes outbreaks.19 Oral vitamin C combined with bioflavonoids has also shown some promise for genital herpes.20
Other herbs and supplements sometimes recommended for herpes infections, but that lack meaningful supporting evidence, include adenosine monophosphate,28astragalus, cat's claw, elderberry, kelp,22sandalwood,23tea tree oil,25 and witch hazel.
A product containing vitamins and minerals as well as the herbs paprika, rosemary, peppermint, milfoil, hawthorn, and pumpkin seed has been used in Scandinavia for many years as a treatment for various mouth-related conditions. However, a double-blind study of 50 people with recurrent oral herpes failed to find 4 months’ treatment with this product more effective than placebo.27
1. Wolbling RH, Leonhardt K. Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract from Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine. 1994;1:25-31.
2. Wolbling RH, Leonhardt K. Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract from Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine. 1994;1:25-31.
3. Wolbling RH, Leonhardt K. Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract from Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine. 1994;1:25-31.
4. Koytchev R, Alken RG, Dundarov S. Balm mint extract (Lo-701) for topical treatment of recurring Herpes labialis. Phytomedicine. 1999;6:225-230.
5. Wolbling RH, Leonhardt K. Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract from Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine. 1994;1:25-31.
7. Syed TA, Afzal M, Ashfaq Ahmad S, et al. Management of genital herpes in men with 0.5% Aloe vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: a placebo-controlled double-blind study. J Dermatol Treat. 1997;8:99-102.
8. Syed TA, Cheema KM, Ashfaq A, et al. Aloe vera estract 0.5% in ahydrophilic cream versus Aloe vera gel for the management of genital herpes in males. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, comparative study [letter]. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 1996;7:294-295.
9. Flodin NW. The metabolic roles, pharmacology, and toxicology of lysine. J Am Coll Nutr. 1997;16:7-21.
10. Milman N, Scheibel J, Jessen O. Failure of lysine treatment in recurrent herpes simplex labialis [letter]. Lancet. 1978;2:942.
11. Griffith RS, Walsh DE, Myrmel KH, et al. Success of L -lysine therapy in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection: treatment and prophylaxis. Dermatologica. 1987;175:183-190.
12. McCune MA, Perry HO, Muller SA, et al. Treatment of recurrent herpes simplex infections with L-lysine monohydrochloride. Cutis. 1984;34:366-373.
13. DiGiovanna JJ, Blank H. Failure of lysine in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection. Treatment and prophylaxis. Arch Dermatol. 1984;120:48-51.
14. Milman N, Scheibel J, Jessen O. Lysine prophylaxis in recurrent herpes simplex labialis: a double-blind, controlled crossover study. Acta Derm Venereol. 1980;60:85-87.
17. Godfrey HR, Godfrey NJ, Godfrey JC, et al. A randomized clinical trial on the treatment of oral herpes with topical zinc oxide/glycine. Altern Ther Health Med. 2001;7:49-54, 56.
18. Williams M. Immuno-protection against herpes simplex type II infection by eleutherococcus root extract. Int J Alt Complement Med. 1995;13:9-12.
19. Hovi T, Hirvimies A, Stenvik M, et al. Topical treatment of recurrent mucocutaneous herpes with ascorbic acid-containing solution. Antiviral Res. 1995;27:263-270.
20. Terezhalmy GT, Bottomley WK, Pelleu GB. The use of water-soluble bioflavonoid-ascorbic acid complex in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1978;45:56-62.
21. Vynograd N, Vynograd I, Sosnowski Z. A comparative multi-centre study of the efficacy of propolis, acyclovir and placebo in the treatment of genital herpes. Phytomedicine. 2000;7:1-6.
22. Carlucci MJ, Ciancia M, Matulewicz MC, et al. Antiherpetic activity and mode of action of natural carrageenans of diverse structural types. Antiviral Res. 1999;43:93-102.
23. Benencia F, Courreges MC. Antiviral activity of sandalwood oil against Herpes simplex viruses-1 and -2. Phytomedicine. 1999;6:119-123.
24. Vonau B, Chard S, Mandalia S, et al. Does the extract of the plant Echinacea purpurea influence the clinical course of recurrent genital herpes? Int J STD AIDS. 2001;12:154-158.
25. Carson CF, Ashton L, Dry L, et al. Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil gel (6%) for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001;48:450-451.
26. Saller R, Buechi S, Meyrat R, et al. Combined herbal preparation for topical treatment of Herpes labialis. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2001;8:373-382.
27. Pedersen A. LongoVital and herpes labialis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Oral Dis. 2001;7:221-225.
28. Sklar SH, Buimovici-Klein E. Adenosine in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1979;48:416-417.
Last reviewed December 2015 by EBSCO CAM Review Board Last Updated: 12/15/2015<|endoftext|>Video che illustra come superare un gruppo di ciclisti in Spagna.
Per il codice della strada spagnolo, i ciclisti possono viaggiare in coppia, occorre lasciare un metro e mezzo di distanza di sicurezza laterale quando si sorpassano in auto, e un gruppo di ciclisti viene considerato come un veicolo unico quindi non
|
4 | 2 | 0 |
lio De Laurentiis hanno avuto un contatto nella notte tra martedì e mercoledì scorso.
Il patron era a Napoli, all'Hotel Vesuvio, mentre l'allenatore a Varcaturo con il suo agente Alessandro Pellegrini: possibile i due si siano incontrati o che la chiacchierata sia stata soltanto telefonica.
Secondo quanto è filtrato, Sarri ha rassicurato il presidente di non essere in contatto con altre società per la prossima stagione, mentre De Laurentiis si sarebbe detto pronto a raddoppiargli lo stipendio (quindi 3 milioni più bonus) e ad accontentarlo sia dal punto di vista dei rinforzi che di quello delle strutture da migliorare.
Il tecnico avrebbe chiesto di evitare alcune cessioni, e di rinforzare la rosa con elementi ritenuti fondamentali: si fanno i nomi di Leno, Grimaldo, Torreira e Verdi. Nulla è ancora concluso, ma le parti sembrano quantomai vicine.<|endoftext|>Arctic sea ice continued its long-term decline in 2014, as the ice reached its annual minimum extent on September 17. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC), Arctic sea ice covered just 5.02 million square kilometers (1.94 million square miles) this summer, an extent similar to 2013 and well below the 1981–2010 average of 6.22 million square kilometers (2.40 million square miles). The 2014 sea ice extent was the sixth lowest recorded in the modern satellite era.
The summer started off as a relatively cool one, and lacked the big storms or persistent winds that can break up ice and increase melting, said Walter Meier, a research scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center. “Even with a relatively cool year, the ice is so much thinner than it used to be,” Meier said. “It's more susceptible to melting.”
The Northwest Passage remained ice-bound this summer. But a patch of open water stretched far north of Siberia in the Laptev Sea, reaching 85 degrees north. It is the farthest north that scientists have observed open ocean water in the satellite era, Meier said.
While summer sea ice has covered more of the Arctic in the past two years than in the record low of 2012, it does not mean the Arctic is returning to average conditions. This year's minimum extent fits with a long downward trend in which the Arctic Ocean has lost about 13 percent of its sea ice per decade since the late 1970s.
To measure sea ice extent, scientists include areas that are at least 15 percent ice-covered. The NASA-developed computer program, which is one of several methods scientists use to calculate extent, is based on data from sensors on the NASA's Nimbus 7 satellite, which operated from 1978 to 1987, and the U.S. Department of Defense's Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, which has provided information since 1987.
The map above shows the extent of arctic sea ice on September 17, 2014. The map is based on data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) sensor on Japan's Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water (GCOM-W1) satellite. The yellow outline on the map shows the median sea ice extent observed in September from 1981 through 2010.
Meanwhile, sea ice on the other side of the planet was headed in the opposite direction. The second map, also based on data from the AMSR2 sensor, shows Antarctic sea ice on September 19, 2014. While it was not yet possible to determine if the ice had reached its maximum extent for the year, the five-day average had already surpassed 20 million square kilometers (7.70 million square miles) for the first time in the modern satellite record, according to NSIDC.
“This is not unexpected,” said Nathan Kurtz, a cryospheric scientist at NASA Goddard. He noted that many climate models actually predict a short-term increase in Antarctic sea ice. Factors like increasing fresh water and higher wind speeds promote ice growth and expansion—factors that appear to be dominating right now. In the long-term, Kurtz added, “increasing near-surface air temperatures are expected to have the stronger effect and begin to melt the ice and halt the expansion.”
Sea ice around Antarctica has been increasing, but not by much. “The overall trend of sea ice expansion in the Antarctic is only one-third of the magnitude of the decrease in arctic sea ice,” Kurtz said.
Antarctic sea ice develops and evolves under vastly different circumstances than Arctic sea ice. In the north, sea ice sits in a nearly land-locked ocean, while sea ice in the southern hemisphere exists in the open ocean surrounding an extensive land mass. This geography affects how the ice expands and retreats in response to climate, leading in part to the differing sea ice scenarios at the two poles.
References and Further Reading
- NASA Goddard YouTube (2014, September 22) Arctic sea ice reaches 2014 minimum extent. Accessed September 23, 2014.
- NASA Earth Observatory World of Change: Arctic Sea Ice.
- NASA (2012, October 23) Opposite Behaviors? Arctic Sea Ice Shrinks, Antarctic Grows. Accessed September 23, 2014.
- National Snow & Ice Data Center (2014, September 22) Arctic Sea Ice News & Analysis. Accessed September 23, 2014.<|endoftext|>It turned out that the Moon is older than the scientists expected – it is as much as the age of 4.51 billion years.
These latest estimates were made possible thanks to the rocks and soil collected by astronauts of mission “Apollo” in 1971
One research group reported on Wednesday that the Moon was formed more than 60 million years after the birth of the Solar system. According to previous estimates, the formation of the moon occurred in the period after 100-200 million years, counting from the time of completion of formation of the Solar system, so its age is not exactly 4.6 billion years.
These scientists, led by Melanie Barboni (Melanie Barboni), University of California, Los Angeles (University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA), USA, conducted a Dating method radioisotope analysis of the content of radioactive isotopes of uranium and lead in the mineral zircon, extracted from lunar samples brought to Earth by the astronauts of mission “Apollo”.
The moon was formed from debris torn from the Earth, and the age of the planet is approximately 4,54 billion years.
Some of these eight samples of zircon was used in a previous study, also conducted within the walls of UCLA, however, in that study methods have been applied had significantly more limitations. Barbone also said that she continues to explore the zircon samples collected by the astronauts of mission “Apollo”, however, does not think that her estimate of the age of the moon will change more than to 4.52 billion years.<|endoftext|>Purchase Your Course Now, Purchase Your University Credits Later! Or purchase both at once!
This course will teach learners effective strategies for both preventing and responding to disruptive behavior from K-12 students. Module 1 focuses on strategies that aim to prevent disruptive behavior from occurring at all. These strategies include establishing clear rules and procedures, and using positive reinforcement to emphasize behavioral expectations.
Module 2 focuses on strategies for responding to disruptive behavior if and when it does occur. These strategies include a five-step verbal technique designed to stop disruptive behavior in its tracks, as well as a range of other strategies for handling low-level disruptions. The course will also cover how to select and deliver effective consequences that encourage students to reflect on the disruptive behavior, and make better choices about their behavior in the future.
The final project of this course asks learners to create an action plan mapping out how to handle a common scenario of disruptive student behavior that they are currently experiencing or have frequently experienced in the past (and anticipate experiencing again).
University pricing options
*subject to change<|endoftext|>IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 with answer.
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The charts below give information about the diet and general health of two groups of students.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
You should write at least 150 words.
The given pie charts present data about the general health and diet habit of two student groups. Overall, foods with high fat content have a direct relationship with overweight, less attendance in class, and illness.
As is observed from the given pie chart, the two groups of students were categorized in group A and group B. In group A, students ate 35% cereal, 8% fruit, 5% fish, 22% vegetable and 30% foods with high fat. On the contrary the students of group B ate more fat mixed foods (50%), less vegetable (only 5%), less fruit (5%) and equal fish items (5%) that students in group A ate. Due to this food habits, students of group A had better health conditions and more class attendance. While students from group A only 10% students were overweight, this percentage was double for group B. Illness among the first group was reported only 5% compared to 12% illness in group B. Finally students of group A had 90% class presence against 75% class attendance by group B students.<|endoftext|>Piknik
Her yılın Temmuz ayında yeri yönetim kurulu tarafından tespit edilen yerde 2. Gün piknik düzenlenmektedir.
Piknikte; 1. Günü katılımcılar dinlenerek ve eğlenerek geçirir 2. Gün konuşmacılarca günün anlam ve önemini ifade eden konuşmalar, yarışmalar, halk oyunları ve skeçlerle devam eden gün piknik ağasının seçimi yapılır. Ertesi yıl buluşmak üzere pikniğe son verilir.<|endoftext|>Approfitto della scoperta di un’interessante discussione sul forum di Google per riesumare un argomento già trattato qui e qui ma sempre valido: la duplicazione di contenuto, il suo rapporto con la SEO e le sue conseguenze.
Partiamo dalla fonte, che potete trovare qui:
Facciamo qualche osservazione a riguardo di questo thread.
Il punto di partenza è:
- le citazioni sono contenuto duplicato?
e
- si viene penalizzati per questo?
La risposta di buon senso che arriva è (che qui cito ;-D ):
Quantificare a priori la percentuale massima ammissibile di citazioni sui contenuti originali non credo sia fattibile ma immagino possa considerarsi buona pratica mantenersi abbondantemente sotto al 50%.
usando quindi le citazioni “in modo naturale” a supporto di contenuti originali.
Ma come fa Google a capire quando si tratta di una citazione?
Sembra che Googlebot non riconosca <blockquote> o <cite> nè class=”robots-nocontent”, i tradizionali tag usati per indicare le citazioni.
Quindi?
La conclusione della discussione sembra essere: le citazioni, al pari di qualunque altro testo, sono contenuto duplicato, ma non vanno incontro a conseguenze se vengono mantenute entro una soglia di buon senso, ovvero meno della metà del contenuto totale originale.<|endoftext|>印地语（天城文：或，拉丁字母转写：Hindī）又称北印度语，是印欧语系印度语族下的一种语言。印地语以使用国家数量来算是世界排名第八的语言，在1965年1月26日成为印度中央政府的官方语言（连同英语）。印地语和乌尔都语（合称印度斯坦语）大同小异，主要区别在于前者用天城文字母，后者用阿拉伯字母，前者引进的梵语借词多一点，后者的阿拉伯语和波斯语借词多一些。
它是印度国内最为通行的一种语言。此外，在毛里求斯、斐济、美国、特立尼达和多巴哥、圭亚那、苏里南等地的印度裔居民中也有相当数量的人讲印地语。
印地语和乌尔都语加起来是世界上第二大语言，使用人口超过5亿人，仅次于汉语。1997年的调查发现，66%的印度人会说印地语，77%的印度人把印地语视为国家的共同语言。在印度，4.22亿左右的人把印地语当作自己母语，另外3亿人当第二语言使用。
在印度之外的国家使用印地语的人数为：
美国：100,000；
毛里求斯：685,170；
南非：890,292；
也门：232,760；
乌干达：147,000；
新加坡：5,000；
新西兰：20,000；
德国：30,000 。
和印地语通属一脉的乌尔都语是巴基斯坦的官方语言，一共有1亿零80万使用者 。在其他国家和地区，印地语是重要的少数民族语言，例如在斐济、圭亚那、苏里南、特立尼达和多巴哥和阿拉伯联合酋长国。
在印度，印地语是安达曼-尼科巴群岛、比哈尔邦、昌迪加尔、恰蒂斯加尔邦、德里、哈里亚纳邦、喜马偕尔邦、恰尔康得邦、中央邦、拉贾斯坦邦、北方邦和乌塔兰契尔邦等地区的官方语言。在南方的邦，特别是在泰米尔纳德邦里，使用印地语的人为数不多。宝莱坞电影工业基地的大部分电影是用印地语拍的。
印地语标准语有元音11个，辅音43个。54个音位中，有1个元音和5个辅音是外来音，只使用于外来语中。印地语原有的10个元音都有对应的鼻化形式。辅音中不但清塞音、清塞擦音等有对应的送气音，浊塞音、浊塞擦音、闪音等也都有对应的送气音。送气音和不送气音有区别意义的作用。一般没有重音，也没有声调。语法比梵语大大简化，名词有阴性、阳性和单数、复数的范畴。在少数代词中还保留了格的残余形式。名词格的形式已经消失。句中名词或代词跟其他词之间的关系是在名词或代词后面用后置词来表示。名词或代词等带有后置词时，其形式有一定的变化。
动词除有人称、性、数等范畴外，还有体、时、式、态等范畴。句子的基本语序为主语宾语谓语。词汇方面，基本词汇大部分是从梵语演变而来的。各专业学科的术语，近来的趋向是直接取自梵语，或用梵语构词法创立新的梵语词。在穆斯林统治时期，印地语吸收了大量波斯语和阿拉伯语借词。英国统治时期，它又吸收了大量英语借词，还在不断地从英语吸收新的借词。在吸收外来语同时，还吸收了外来语的一些构词手段。印地语使用天城体字母。这是一种元音附标文字，由古代的婆罗米字母演变而来。自左而右书写。
印地语有5大方言，即西部印地语、东部印地语、比哈尔语、拉贾斯坦语和山地印地语。每种大方言里又各有若干方言。标准语的基础是通行于德里和梅拉特附近地区的克里波利方言，属西部印地语。同印度北部的大多数语言一样，印地语是由梵语派生出来的。印地语和作为巴基斯坦官方语言的乌尔都语实际上是同一种语言，虽然前者用梵文字母书写，而后者用阿拉伯字母书写。纯粹印地语的大部分词汇来源于梵语，而乌尔都语却有许多从波斯语和阿拉伯语来源的借词。印地语和乌尔都语的基础都是印度斯坦语（Hindustani），它是一种口语，曾经在印度许多地方作为交际语言使用，长达四个世纪以上。
当一九四七年印度获得独立时，印地语便被选作国家共同语，但是由于它没能赢得印度讲其它语言的民族的承认，因此只好与英语分享官方语言的地位。
主条目：印地语-乌尔都语音系
双唇音
唇齿音
齿音/
齿龈音
卷舌音
龈后音/
硬腭音
软腭音
声门音
鼻音
m
n
()
塞音
p
p
b
b
t
t
d
d
k
k
g
g
塞擦音
t
t
d
d
擦音
(f)
s
(z)
(x)
()
h
闪音或弹音
r
近音
v
l
j
主条目：天城文一块印地语（上）和英语对照的告示牌，意思是“请远离栏杆”。
印地语使用天城文字母书写。天城文是一种元音附标文字，辅音自身带有一个固有的缺省跟随元音，即schwa。当辅音与其他元音拼写时，用额外的符号标注。文字从左向右书写，由顶杠把字母连接起来。以下为用于印地语的天城文字母表：
主条目：印地语-乌尔都语语法
印地语是主语-宾语-动词语言，这意味着动词通常位于句子的结束处而非在宾语之前（而英语经常是主语动词宾语）。印地语还显示了部分作格性，所以在某些情况下，动词一致于句子的宾语而非主语。不同于英语，印地语没有定冠词。如果需要强调的话，可以使用数词（ek，“1”）作为不定单数冠词。
此外，印地语在英语使用前置词的地方使用后置词（这么称呼是因为它们位于名词或代词之后）。其他不同包括性、敬语、疑问词、格的使用和不同的时态。尽管复杂，印度
|
4 | 2 | 1 |
به کشور همسایه ایران سفر کرده است.
خوزه مورینیو که قبلا نامش در گزینه های نیمکت تیم ملی ایران دیده می شد، به دعوت شبکه تلوزیونی بین اسپرت به کشور قطر سفر کرده است. این اولین باری نیست که او به این شبکه برای کارشناسی بازی های اروپایی دعوت می شود، اما اخیرا با او مصاحبه ای گرفته شده بود که در مورد وضعیت سرمربیگری اش در تیم های باشگاهی و ملی گفته بود: فعلا در حال بررسی گزینه ها هستم. در هر پیشنهادی باید با اولویت هایم آن را تطبیق بدهم تا بهترین تصمیم را بگیرم.
این در حالی است که مهدی تاج رئیس فدراسیون فوتبال کشورمان خبر داده بود به زودی سرمربی تیم ملی فوتبال ایران که اروپایی است، معرفی خواهد شد. پیش از این خبر هایی از فدراسیون فوتبال به گوش می رسید که با این گزینه احتمالی در کشور های همسایه توافقات نهایی اجرا شده، بنابراین ممکن است سرمربی بعدی تیم ملی خوزه مورینیو کهنه کار باشد.
پرداخت قسط اول مطالبات کی روش تکذیب شد
کی روش: تاج عوام فریبی می کند/ همه می دانند چه کسانی قصد ضربه زدن به تیم ملی را داشتندمنبع: باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان<|endoftext|>原标题：名画中10个不为人知的暗喻密码
原创 赵玲 印客美学
西方绘画中绝大部分意象都与宗教相关，无论是云、树，马还是猫都能扯到小神仙上去，更不用说太阳、月亮、鸽子这些本来就与神灵密不可分的东西了。
裸 体
#谁的裸体才配出现在画家笔下
波提切利：《维纳斯的诞生》
西方美术作品中如果有裸体，有两种可能性。
一是作品的题材是古希腊众神，二是作品风格受古希腊艺术影响。
文艺复兴时期文化松冻，文艺界的人才大量吸收古希腊文化，古希腊众神作为绘画题材重新进入了艺术家的视野。学得最直接的要数米开朗基罗，最喜欢裸体的就是他了。
提香：《乌尔比诺的维纳斯》
如果要画古希腊的神，就必然要将其形象画成古希腊的样子，否则谁知道你画的什么呢？
于是乎裸体的古希腊众神出现了，带头的就是波提切利，他画的《春》中就有维纳斯，美惠三女神和春神花神等女神。
波提切利：《春》
她们的躯体在半透明的纱衣下若隐若现，但那纱衣并不是古希腊的服饰。
不过这幅画中飘逸的衣裙和隐隐可见的裸体等女神的造型能让人毫无疑问的确定画的是女神。他的《维纳斯的诞生》就更不用说了。
小天使
#画中的天使有性别吗
古典绘画作品中天使的形象往往长相清秀但是不辨男女，后来才逐渐出现小孩的形象。
比如，巴洛克风格的教堂的墙壁和柱子上有各种看上去像小男孩的天使头像但其实是没有性别的。
实际上从有天使的形象以来到现在，天使的形象并不是一成不变的。
它也随着宗教的需要和人们的认知而改变，从“让人敬畏到恐惧的神圣”变成了“圣洁美丽亲民”。
在中世纪的天使的雕像或者绘画中，天使的形象可以说是不美丽，甚至有些恐怖的，人们尊敬他们，或者说有些畏惧它们，就像是我们在国内常见的佛教四大护法天王的形象一样。
而随着欧洲文艺复兴，人们渐渐的抛去了宗教那种一成不变的特性。天使们也开始有了自己的性格与感情的流露，抛去了让人敬畏的形象。
除了背后的翅膀，不论是表情还是穿着，他们都给人感觉非常的亲民，天使成了人们心中温柔美好的形象，从这时开始，天使渐渐就出现了没有性别的稚童的形象。
美少年
#原来画家也迷恋“少年感”
卡拉瓦乔（Caravaggio，1571—1610）：《酒神巴克斯》
十七世纪意大利著名画家卡拉瓦乔，以他“无情的真实”表现手法创作了《年轻的巴克斯》等多幅巴克斯酒神形象。
在卡拉瓦乔的画作中，酒神是一位英俊的美少年，棕色的卷发，皮肤白皙，神情放荡而略带忧郁，手持葡萄藤或酒杯。
巴克斯（Bacchus），是罗马神话中的酒神和植物神，对应希腊神话中的狄俄尼索斯。
许多著名画家如安尼巴莱·卡拉齐、米开朗基罗和提香等画过以巴克斯为主题的画，其中以米开朗基罗雕塑的醉酒神奇异。
提香：《酒神巴库斯与阿里阿德涅》
尼采指出，酒神精神与日神精神相对，是希腊精神的另一极，是旺盛的生命力，是迷醉、狂欢与超越。
希腊悲剧就是在祭祀酒神仪式的基础上产生的。
对希腊文化有所涉猎的人应该会知道日神阿波罗与酒神巴克斯。
其实，这两位希腊神话中的神分别对应两种性格，一是做事讲求原则、理性与规则的日神精神；二是狂热、富有激情，率性而为的酒神精神。
圣灵之鸽
#鸽子为什么是好消息使者？
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo - TheAnnunciation 1655-1660 （巴洛克风格作品）
西方绘画中还常常出现“圣灵之鸽”（Holy Spirit）的形象，它通常象征纯洁，天命，上帝之语。
有说法是圣灵赐福让圣母怀了孕，指童贞玛利亚接到天使授意，被告知怀孕这一事件。
Different versions ofAnnunciation by El Greco
根据《新约圣经》记载，玛利亚出生在公元前18年左右，她是一名居住于加利利地区拿撒勒（Nazareth）城的犹太妇女。
当她还是处女时，顺从天主，受圣神感孕而怀孕。
当时玛利亚已与约瑟订婚，后来约瑟把玛利亚娶过来之后，便陪伴她去了伯利恒，在那里她生下了耶稣，《路加福音》就是从描写玛利亚接受天使加百列预报的降生开始的。
于是，画中的鸽子也暗合着天使报喜之意。
圣 母
#圣母一生是不是只能穿一套衣服？
拉斐尔：《草地上的圣母》
如果仔细观察西方绘画中的圣母画像，就会发现画中的圣母，无论是出自谁的笔下，圣母衣服的颜色几乎是相同的。
在中世纪，是教会决定画家用何种颜色描绘宗教图画中的人物和图案：圣母玛利亚得穿蓝色的罩袍。
耶稣在他的传教准备期间也穿蓝色的，在荒野与诱惑作斗争时穿黑的，在他复活后则穿白的或红的。
穿蓝色衣服的理由是圣母马利亚和耶稣来自天上，黑色表示与撒旦相遇，白和红表示上帝本质的两个方面：他的智和爱。
拉斐尔：《大公爵的圣母》
在基督教信仰中，蓝色代表希望，健康，贞静；红色代表火，神性的爱与圣灵。
提到这个就不得不讲一下文化象征的变迁。
在以前红色被认为是热烈的，有勇气的，所以男性用红色，而小男孩常常搭配粉色。而少女常常搭配浅蓝色，以代表其纯洁。
而到了现在颜色的象征意义与性别指代就发生了极大的变化。
绘画中的“时间差”
#过世的人重生了？
拉斐尔《雅典学院》
在绘画作品中，画家会运用历史迹象去影射当代问题，而“时间差”就是一个非常重要的艺术工具。
在拉斐尔的《雅典学院》中，他把公元前5世纪的苏格拉底、公元2世纪托勒密，文艺复兴时期的布拉曼特等不同时代的学者都设计到了一个画面中。
拉斐尔通过道具去暗示人的身份，把历史上黄金时代的学者都汇集于此，他们代表着古代文明的七种自由艺术，画家借此寄托人类对智慧和真理的追求，以及对未来的美好向往。
大卫·德·格朗治的《索顿斯托尔之家》
记忆过去，憧憬未来的还有大卫·德·格朗治的《索顿斯托尔之家》，男主人手里牵着两个孩子，床上躺着的是他的前妻、椅子上坐着的是现任妻子。
男子左手拿着白手帕，象征着葬礼。画家画这幅肖像时是在1636 年，这个时间点男子与第二任妻子已经结婚，并育有一子。
在现实中，男主人的前妻和新妇在这个家庭中并未同时出现，但画家将她们置于同一场景中，一个躺在床上尚有一丝气息，另一位已经坐在一旁并手中抱有孩子，似乎已经成为了替代者。
扬·凡·艾克的《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》
另一张充满争议的绘画，据传扬·凡·艾克的《阿尔诺芬尼夫妇像》画的是一场冥婚，而画中的新娘在这幅画完成前一年就已经去世了，真相是否如此估计只有扬·凡·艾克才知道了。
手
#手放在衣服里，几个意思？
看清这个问题的时候，你可能想问：把手放进衣服里？这是什么样的姿势？
看了这幅画，你就会明白。下面，我们来欣赏一幅创作于1812年的作品——《拿破仑在书房》。
雅库斯·路易斯·大卫《拿破仑在书房》，1812年
总之，画里的人，经常不是胸疼，就是胃疼。
那么，为什么要将左手放在那个奇怪的位置呢？关于这一问题，人们众说纷纭，而流传最广的一种观点是：这是一种“藏手礼（Hand-in-waistcoat）”。它是由古希腊政治家Aeschines提出的：当人们演讲或与其他人交谈时，把手放在袍子外面是一种不礼貌的行为。
军事家拿破仑
因此，在18、19世纪的欧洲油画中，很多人物的手都是放在衣服里的。此时，这个动作所代表的涵义已经不仅仅局限于展示绅士风度，还意味着画中的人物沉着、冷静、颇具领导风范。而随着摄影技术的发展，很多领导者、哲学家在拍照时也依然采用了这种姿势。
美国总统乔治·华盛顿
军事家拿破仑
除了“藏手礼”这一观点外，还有人认为，早期在绘画或摄影中，由于技术的限制，模特都需要长时间保持同一个姿势。这种情况下，如果模特的手垂在衣服外面很难保持不动，因此，他们便会将手放进衣服里，既保留了美观，又避免了麻烦。
苏联领导人马林科夫
所以，下次看到名画里胸疼和胃疼的人，就知道是为什么了。
百合
# 为什么百合代表了纯洁？
圣母子、天使与圣·弗兰西斯朱利奥-塞萨尔·普罗卡奇尼（Giulio Cesare Procaccini,1574–1625）约1612年
所罗门之歌的其中一节“我是沙龙的玫瑰，和山谷的百合。”
如上图，意大利画家普罗卡奇尼就在花瓶中加入了玫瑰花。
有些学者将圣母玛利亚比作百合花；花瓣象征她纯洁的身体，金色的花药象征着她灵魂的光辉。
传教士圣伯纳德形容玛利亚为“谦卑的紫罗兰，纯洁的百合花，慈善的玫瑰。”这些花卉同样的也被描绘在圣母画中。
汉斯·梅姆林（Hans Memling, 1430-1495）《报喜》：象征圣灵的鸽子，寓意承载基督的蜡烛，纯洁永恒的百合花
从14世纪开始，在天使报喜的绘画作品中就开始经常出现百合花。
在天使加百列和童贞圣母之间，会有一个插着百合花的花瓶。在文艺复兴时期绘制的《天使报喜》的许多场景中，天使加百列会手持一朵百合花。
康乃馨
#该送女朋友康乃馨？
布拉曼蒂诺（Bartolomeo Suardi， 1456-1530）：《圣母子》，约1508年
在中世纪的绘画中，植物的形状、颜色、味道、气味和盛开的季节，通常都有各自的含义。
康乃馨因其鲜艳的红色而被当作爱情的象征。
康乃馨，希腊名字“Dianthus”，誉为“花之神”，在圣母与圣子画中经常出现。
汉斯·梅姆林（Hans Memling，1430-1495）《桃紅色女人》：寓意女子的结婚与订婚
伦勃朗（Rembrandt van Rijn，1606-1669）：《粉红色的女人》约1660年
如上图，花瓶中的康乃馨，表明神圣的爱，这也是意大利北方文艺复兴的热衷主题，象征着人间的爱情与婚姻。
根据民俗人们在婚礼当天，新娘和亲戚通常携带一只粉红色的康乃馨，新娘把粉色的藏在身体的某处，直至被新郎发现。粉色与爱情呼应，关于婚礼的肖像画中，人物几乎都有一点粉红。
树
#树不仅仅只是个背景
莫雷托-达·布雷西亚（Alessandro Bonvicino，1498-1554）：《荒野中的基督》
山毛榉树在希腊神话中象征宙斯，基督教的理解中，山毛榉树的坚果代表着禁欲，树代表了基督。
吉罗拉莫-戴·维利（Girolamo dai Libri，1474-1555）：《圣母子与圣徒》，约1520年
而月桂树则是希腊之神阿波罗的象征，他苦苦追求达芙妮，直到变成月桂树。
因此月桂树是诗人的冠冕，由于它常青的特性，也被奉为维斯塔贞女（Vestales Virgins ）作为贞洁和不朽的象征，常在描绘圣母玛利亚与圣徒的画作中出现。
如果没有读过新旧约，人们是很难对于宗教类的绘画产生共鸣，如果没有了解过古希腊罗马神话，人们也很难分辨诸多作品中维纳斯与丘比特的形象。
画作与其说是画家手创造的作品倒不妨说是他们内心的体现。
看了这么多艺术品中的密码，大家有没有还想了解的内容呢，在下方留言告诉小印吧~
参考文章：《西方绘画中“树”图像研究》
《西方绘画中的意象》
《西方艺术鉴赏》
看一场艺术的展览 访一些有趣的人
推一个美好的物品 办一场文艺活动
原标题：《名画中10个不为人知的暗喻密码》
“掌”握科技鲜闻 （微信搜索techsina或扫描左侧二维码关注）<|endoftext|>Sanırım enfekte bir delici buldum. Mücevherleri çıkarmalı mıyım??
Hayır, yapmak istediğin son şey bu. Delici aslında enfekte ise ve mücevherleri çıkarırsanız, delik kapanırsa bakteri ve irin içeride kilitlenebilir. Enfeksiyonun iyileşmesi için çözüm, onu temizler - enfeksiyonun drenajını sağlamak için fistülü (delici delik) açık tutmanız gerekir..
Hafif enfeksiyonlar evde kolaylıkla tedavi edilebilir..
Biraz tahriş olmuş, biraz kırmızı veya ılık ise, kendi başınıza temizlemek için birkaç
|
4 | 2 | 2 |
work hard to educate all dog owners about this deadly disease and how they can prevent it!
Heartworms will spend their entire lives inside a dog’s heart. However, they do not start to cause any problems until they are full grown. They can grow up to twelve inches long. which takes up quite a bit of space in a dog’s heart and lungs! They mostly live on the right side, causing lung disease and heart failure. If not treated, the disease is fatal.
Unfortunately, heartworms are hard to treat. Often the treatment is as bad as the disease. As the adult worms die, they travel through the dog’s system, causing all sorts of problems. It is very important to closely monitor all dogs who are being treated. Even worse, some dogs need more than one treatment to get rid of all of the heartworms.
The good thing about heartworm is that it is easily prevented. There is a chewable tablet that needs to be given every month. Most dogs love their chewable heartworm tablets, and they are easy to give.
The heartworm prevention also has the added benefit of deworming your pets for roundworms, hookworms, and other intestinal parasites. This is important for your dogs and your family. Parasites can be transmitted to people, making them very ill.
Nobody wants to go through losing their dog to something that easily could have been prevented. Heartworm is hard to treat, so keeping your dogs on heartworm prevention will save you and your family from the grief.
Before you start your pets on heartworm prevention, it is important to test them. If you have any questions or would like to schedule an appointment, feel free to contact us today at (281) 493-4712.<|endoftext|>A-level Chemistry/OCR (Salters)/Halogens
Diatomic halogen molecules
|halogen||molecule||structure||model||d(X−X) / pm
|d(X−X) / pm|
Fluorine is the most electronegative element in the periodic table, and is also the most reactive. Flourine is a special case as Fluorine has anomalous properties due to its small size. It has a lower electron affinity than Chlorine due to electron repulsions in the overcrowded outer shell. However, it is a stronger oxidising agent than Chlorine due to its unusually low bond energy. This is due to the repulsions between outer electrons in the F2 molecule.<|endoftext|>ERMENİ MESELESİNDE 2015'İ BEKLERKEN
23.11.2014
1915'in 50. yılı vesilesiyle ilk kez güçlü şekilde örgütlenmeye başladıkları 1965'ten bu yana Ermeni diasporası 2015'e hazırlanıyor. Başlangıçtaki, "1915'i soykırım olarak tüm dünyada tanıtmak" hedefine ulaşamamış olsalar da, 1915'i "soykırım" olarak tanıyan hatta "inkârını yasaklayan" ülkelerin arasında Türkiye ile ittifak ilişkisi içinde bulunanların oluşu, dahası bu sayının önümüzdeki yıl boyunca artma ihtimali Ankara'yı elbette rahatsız ediyor. 2015'in "soykırım" iddialarının aralarında ABD'nin de yer alacağı çok sayıda ülke tarafından tanındığı bir zincirleme travmalar yılına dönüşmemesi için Türkiye bir süredir çok yönlü bir "2015 Stratejisi" yürütüyor.
Söz konusu stratejinin başlangıcını 2009'da Ermenistan'la imzalanan fakat yürürlüğe girmeyen protokollere kadar götürmek mümkünse de, aslında 23 Nisan 2014'te Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan'ın başbakanken yayımladığı "1915 mesajını" bir milat olarak almak herhalde daha doğrudur. Türkiye'de, Ermenistan'da ve Azerbaycan'da çok tartışılan söz konusu mesajda bir yandan "ortak acı" vurgusu yapılmakta diğer yandan da olup bitenlerin "adil hafıza" temelinde objektif biçimde değerlendirilmesi çağrısında bulunulmaktaydı.
Birçok uzman tarafından, 23 Nisan mesajıyla Türkiye'nin 1915 konusunda bir paradigma değişikliğine gittiği, bunun sıradan bir konjonktürel açılımın ötesinde uzun yıllara damgasını vuracak kalıcı bir çözüm için atılan en önemli adım olduğu değerlendirmeleri yapılmıştı. Peki Türkiye bu çizginin bir adım ötesine geçecek mi? Türkiye'nin paradigma değişikliği, soykırım iddialarını savunanları daha uzlaşmacı bir tavır içine sokacak mı?
Ermenilerin "soykırımın" başladığı gün olarak andıkları 24 Nisan'a sadece beş ay kalmışken yukarıdaki iki soruya cevap vermek hâlâ güç. Bu konuda sinir bozucu bir belirsizlik hakim.
Evvela 23 Nisan 2014 açıklamasının "bir adım ötesine" geçme konusunu tartışalım.
Açıklamada 24 Nisan'ın Ermeniler için "özel anlam" taşıdığı; "Osmanlı İmparatorluğu vatandaşı herkes gibi Ermenilerin de o dönemde yaşadıkları acıların hatıralarını anmalarını anlamanın ve paylaşmanın bir insanlık vazifesi" olduğu; Türkiye'nin, "20. yüzyılın başındaki şartlarda hayatlarını kaybeden Ermenilerin huzur içinde yatmalarını" dilediği ve onların "torunlarına taziyelerini" ilettiği ifade ediliyordu. Açıklamada ayrıca Türkiye'nin meseleye nasıl yaklaştığı yeni boyutlarıyla ortaya konuyordu.
Türkiye'nin o zamana kadarki tutumundan gerçekten de epey farklılık gösteren bu ifadelerin ötesine geçilmesi mümkün değil. Zaten söylenebilecek her şey söylenmiş. İlk defa resmî bir ağızdan 1915 tehcirinin "gayri insani" olduğu dile getirilmiş. Hayatlarını kaybedenlerin huzur içinde yatmaları temennisinde ilk defa bulunulmuş.
Türkiye tarihsel gerçekleri bir kenara bırakıp, sırf ülkenin üzerinde yoğun bir baskı var diye 1915'in bir "soykırım" olduğunu kabul etmeyeceğine göre, Ermenilerin bu ifadelerden fazlası için beklenti içine girmesi anlamsız. Yani, eğer muratları Türkiye ile sorunlarını çözmek, sınır kapısını açtırmak, diplomatik ilişkilerin kurulmasını sağlamak ise Ermenilerin de bu gerçeğin farkına vararak, mevcut zeminde bir yakınlaşma arayışına girmesi gerekiyor.
Ermeniler tek ve homojen bir bütün oluşturmuyorlar Ermeni diasporasının "1915'in soykırım olduğu" dışında bir yaklaşımı, kendi varlık nedenlerini ortadan kaldırabilecek derecede tehlikeli gördüğünü unutmayalım. Onlar için Türkiye'nin "soykırımı" tanımasından ziyade, ABD'nin tanıması ve Türkiye üzerindeki baskıların artması daha önemli. Aksini düşünmek ve Ermeni diasporasının "soykırımdan" vazgeçerek, Türkiye'nin yeni yaklaşımını kucaklamasını beklemek gerçekçi olmaz. Diaspora uzattığımız eli tutmazsa da kıyamet kopmaz!
Türkiye'nin vicdani duruşunun, akılcı, olumlu ve yapıcı tutumunun mutlaka karşılık bulacağını ve bu konunun artık Türkiye'nin sırtında bir yük olmaktan çıkacağını savunanlara katılmıyorum. ABD'nin veya başka devletlerin Türkiye bu olumlu açılımı yaptı diye 1915'e ilişkin yorumlarını değiştireceklerini de hiç sanmıyorum. İsviçre'nin temyiz başvurusu üzerine Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi'nin Büyük Dairesi'nin Perinçek davasıyla ilgili nihai kararını büyük ihtimalle Nisan 2015'de verecek olması da beni endişelendiriyor. Demek ki, İsviçre Türkiye'nin yeni açılımını yeterli görmemiş. Konu bu gidişle "ifade özgürlüğü" meselesi olmaktan çıkıp, uluslararası bir mahkemenin 1915'i "soykırım" olarak tanımasına kadar gidebilir.
Umarım bunların tümünde yanılan ben olurum.<|endoftext|>La trasformazione batterica è il meccanismo di ricombinazione genica il cui meccanismo è stato spiegato da Griffith nel 1928 con un esperimento sui topi.
In questo esperimento si è visto che inoculando per via endoperitoneale una sospensione di batteri virulenti vivi incapsulati, il topino muore nel giro di 24 ore per setticemia (è detta anche sepsi), e possono essere estratti dal sangue degli pneumococchi capsulati, questo perché la fagocitosi era impedita dalla presenza della capsula (lo vediamo nella fase “a”). Inoculando invece nel topolino delle colonie acapsulate, e quindi rugose, la cavia non riporta problemi (lo vediamo nella fase “b”), è stato successivamente dimostrato che i batteri acapsulati portano alla morte del topolino solo se sono presenti in grande abbondanza, in concentrazioni altissime, ad esempio se sono concentrati a 108. Questo è un esempio di retromutazione, in quanto qualche ceppo mutante retromuta, cioè è in grado così di ricostituire la capsula batterica, che è il fattore di virulenza più importante per questi batteri, in questo caso il topino muore, ma sono necessarie più di 24 ore affinché il ceppo retromutato possa effettivamente retromutare e poi possa riprodursi. Griffith prese inoltre dei batteri morti capsulati uccisi con il calore (per conservare l’acido nucleico integro) e li mischiò con dei batteri vivi acapsulati, ne risultò poi con un’inoculazione successiva di questi batteri che il mio topino utilizzato come cavia moriva (lo possiamo vedere nelle fasi “c” e “d”), nel sangue infatti risultavano essere presenti dei batteri capsulati, si è ipotizzato quindi un evento trasformante che andasse a costruire la capsula anche nei batteri che inizialmente ne erano sprovvisti. Griffith pensò inizialmente ad una semplice contaminazione da contatto tra i due diversi tipi di batteri, mentre venne evidenziato nel 1944 che questo accadeva per una ricombinazione genica, ovvero per una nuova acquisizione di materiale genetico. Questo esperimento è stato fondamentale sia perché ci ha fatto capire che l’acido nucleico è la molecola che raccoglie il patrimonio genetico della cellula, sia perché ha dimostrato che la capsula batterica è determinante come componente di patogenicità, in quanto impedisce la fagocitosi.
La trasformazione può essere considerata in due modi diversi, a seconda che si parli dei batteri Gram+ o dei batteri Gram-, questo perché le differenti strutture delle due pareti batteriche vanno a condizionare anche il meccanismo di ricombinazione genetica, infatti prenderemo come modello per i batteri Gram+ lo Streptococcus pneumoniae, mentre per i batteri Gram- consideriamo l’Haemophilus influenzae.
Se apriamo una piccola parentesi sull’esperimento del tubo a U, possiamo dire che questo esperimento vuole dimostrare che non è necessario un contatto tra due specie batteriche per far sì che avvenga una ricombinazione genetica. In questo tubo a U vengono messi da una parte una coltura batterica di un tipo, mentre dall’altra parte viene messa una coltura differente, e queste colture sono divise da un setto separatore che impedisce il passaggio dei batteri. Si nota che c’è comunque una ricombinazione tra le due specie, questo è un segno evidente del fatto che è presente qualcosa di più piccolo dei batteri, che riesce a passare attraverso il setto separatore, definito come un fattore trasformante, che è rappresentato dall’acido nucleico. Questo processo viene però bloccato se introduciamo nelle due colture una DNAsi, in quanto quest’enzima distrugge prontamente i frammenti di DNA non contenuti nelle cellule.
Lo Streptococcus pneumoniae (è un batterio Gram+)
Immaginiamo che ci sia un acido nucleico nell’ambiente, esso per essere trasformante deve avere alcune caratteristiche:
– deve avere un peso molecolare elevato, di almeno 106 Dalton
– deve essere a doppia elica
La cellula recettrice, per poter acquisire l’acido nucleico e ricombinarsi, deve trovarsi in uno stato particolare definito ‘stato di competenza’. Questo stato di competenza è dettato dalla natura stessa del batterio, in quanto nel cromosoma batterico è presente un gene che, raggiunta la fase di crescita stazionaria della cellula, induce la produzione di un fattore di competenza, quest’ultimo porterà le seguenti modificazioni nella cellula:
– espone una decina di proteine sulla superficie batterica, di cui una legante il DNA, una che arrangia il DNA in modo che sia idoneo ad essere trasportato nella cellula, una proteina carrier che lo trasporta all’interno della cellula e lo protegge dall’azione delle nucleasi (in quanto è diventato ora un filamento a singola elica, quindi è suscettibile all’azione delle nucleasi)
– regola la permeabilità all’interno della cellula batterica
A questo punto l’acido nucleico arriva nelle vicinanze del DNA endogeno batterico, dove avviene un meccanismo di sostituzione, ovvero un frammento di DNA endogeno viene sostituito con il DNA trasformante in specifici punti di omologia tra queste due sequenze di acido nucleico. Se il frammento è esattamente omologo (ovvero identico) non si verificano dei cambiamenti nella cellula batterica, ma se il filamento esogeno non è completamente omologo, si forma un “loop” e le endonucleasi, riconoscendo il ‘tentativo fallito’ di questo filamento esogeno, riportano il DNA endogeno nella sua posizione originale.
Quando può avvenire quindi questa trasformazione con un frammento di DNA non omologo?
Il requisito fondamentale è che siano presenti le due eliche separate, quindi può avvenire durante la replicazione batterica, quando le due eliche non sono accoppiate (le endonucleasi in questa maniera non sono in grado di recepire il segnale come lo abbiamo visto in precedenza). Nelle due cellule figlie avremo dunque una differenza, in una infatti si replicherà il DNA parentale, nell’altra invece saranno presenti i geni portati dall’esterno attraverso il meccanismo di trasformazione.
L’Haemophilus influenzae (è un batterio Gram-)
In questi batteri invece non esiste un gene che codifica per il fattore di competenza, quest’ultimo viene infatti indotto nella cellula mediante una coltura, in un terreno ricco di metaboliti, è quindi uno stato artificioso. Un’altra differenza di questi batteri rispetto a quelli visti in precedenza risiede nel fatto che negli pneumococchi, qualsiasi tipo di acido nucleico può essere recepito dalla proteina legante, non esiste una qualsiasi specificità, mentre negli Haemophilus influenzae avviene una selezione accurata di questi acidi nucleici.
Andando ad osservare al microscopio il Haemophilus influenzae, si osserva che non c’è una proteina carrier, o una proteina che lega il DNA, ma si formano delle protrusioni, delle vescicole che si espongono all’esterno della cellula e si chiamano trasformasomi. Essi hanno la caratteristica di avere un polo su cui è situata una nucleasi che riconosce una sequenza di 11 basi azotate a doppia elica, e solo l’acido nucleico che contiene questa sequenza viene captato dal trasformasoma (questa è comunque una sequenza facilmente reperibile, che si trova soprattutto nell’Haemophilus influenzae, questa sua preferenziale localizzazione però ne limita i salti evolutivi, non potendo questo batterio incrociarsi così con altre specie).
Abbiamo visto così che molti batteri sono in grado di trasformarsi naturalmente, mentre altri invece si trasformano in maniera artificiale, questi ultimi si mettono cioè in uno stato di competenza in modo artificiale, senza sfruttare le modificazioni indotte dal fattore di competenza (ad esempio ponendo una cellula batterica in un terreno di coltura ricco di ioni calcio, e sottoponendola a degli shock termici per crearne una permeabilità di membrana, si aggiunge l’agente trasformante che è solitamente un plasmide e degli enzimi di restrizione che servono per adattare il mio plasmide appena inserito nel terreno di coltura con il DNA batterico, così riesco ad operare una trasformazione artificiale).
Guardiamo ora un riepilogo sugli antibiotici ed i loro target
- Gli antibiotici che agiscono sulla sintesi della parete batterica sono diversi, tra cui possiamo citare la cicloserina, la vancomicina, la bacitracina (che si usa in laboratorio per distinguere lo Streptococcus pyogenes, in quanto è l’unico tra gli streptococchi ad essere sensibile a questo antibiotico), la penicillina, la cefalosporina ed altri ancora
- Sulla membrana citoplasmatica possono agire come antibiotici le polimixine, che agiscono come detergenti cationici, in quanto idrolizzano i fosfolipidi di membrana e fanno fuoriuscire il materiale intra-citoplasmatico dalla cellula batterica
- Sui ribosomi 50S troviamo le eritromicine, le lincomicine, le clindamicine ed altri ancora, mentre sui ribosomi 30S troviamo degli antibiotici molto conosciuti come le tetracicline, le spectinomicine, le streptomicine, le tobramicine e le gentamicine (a parte le tetracicline, questi antibiotici fanno tutti parte della famiglia degli ammino-glicosidi). Il batterio può diventare resistente a queste sostanze costruendo degli enzimi che degradano la molecola dell’antibiotico, come succede nel caso delle penicilline
Ora vediamo qui a fianco le modalità con cui un batterio può diventare resistente ad un antibiotico (il P
|
4 | 2 | 3 |
when steel is treated with anti-corrosive agents there is a change in its surface and it tends to get rough. But Chitosan as inhibitor did not alter the surface. In fact, there was a significant improvement in the surface smoothness
- The shells of the shrimps are usually discarded as waste and if we can use them and develop such eco-friendly products it will be a good way to convert waste material to a useful application.
D. GS4 Related
- We live in dark times, perhaps among the darkest in memory. Not a single day passes without news of rape or lynching’s, treacherous lies, vitriolic rumors, venomous threats, fearmongering, hatred and violence.
- And then, apart from these human misdemeanors, there is the devastation caused by nature’s fury.
- But amidst this gloom and destruction, one is also blessed to witness acts of exemplary courage, care and compassion.
Act of Religious Kindness
- Two groups of fasting Muslim youths reportedly spent the second day of the Haj pilgrimage removing post-flood slush and silt from temples in Wayanad and Malappuram
- In Mannarkad, the Sunni Students’ Federation washed clean the Ayyappa temple
- In Thrissur, where masjids were inundated with water, the Purappillikavu Rakteshwari temple hall was thrown open to Muslims to offer Eid namaz.
- The Sri Krishna Mutt of Udupi held an Iftar party in its premises
- In 2017 when the ground in Uttarakhand’s Joshimath was submerged under rainwater, the local Sikhs offered their gurudwara to Muslims for Eid prayers
- The religious organisations funded the Sikh-run Khalsa Aid to hold langars on the Bangladesh-Myanmar border for Rohingya refugees.
The magic of empathy
- We as humans are restricted to a state of self, body or expansion of self that encompasses our children, parents, best friends, coworkers, linguistic, religious or cultural community
- But when faced with an unprecedented, superlative achievement by other humans or the most intense human suffering, we are propelled to completely identify with them.
- When that happens, we virtually become the other, seeing no difference between ‘us’ and ‘them’. Boundaries collapse and we begin to feel each other’s pain and joy as our own
- Empathy is a fundamental human attribute and only someone who has gone through psychopathic training or sociopathic misfortune is left without any trace of it.
- People value good relationships with others not only for instrumental reasons, but also for intrinsic ones.
- They do not merely wish to cooperate with others for mutual benefit. They wish to be with others, to do things together because they find it enjoyable, fulfilling, uplifting. This is why they also wish to be recognised and accepted by others.
- If so, disagreement on some issues, even some important ones, motivates people to look for agreement in other domains. People have a capacity for unconditional sociability that compels them to set aside disagreement or minimise the significance of radical difference.
- Put generally, because we are born radically incomplete, we achieve completion only with and by others. So, all our lives we strive for this other-dependent completion.
- Deep sociability is the motor driving us towards fulfilment.
- The humanitarian ethics — a deeply compassionate response to extreme human suffering — is alive and kicking among ordinary Indians despite the violence and hate-mongering reported every day. And that every act of anger and animosity that is reported has its counterpart in an act of care and compassion that goes unreported.
- For, these are not instances of religious tolerance or religious acceptance; they are symptomatic of a deep respect for humanity. Sometimes, in moments of unspeakable tragedy, we get a glimpse of our own humanity, or, perhaps, our own divinity is revealed to us.
Nothing here for today!!!
Nothing here for today!!!
- Supreme Court judge Justice Indira Banerjee has revealed in an open court that an effort was made to influence her in a case related to Hotel Royal Plaza.
- Justice Mishra said that the attempt to influence the judge amounted to contempt of court.
G. Prelims Fact
- It is a statutory body established under the section 4 of Advocates Act 1961 that regulates the legal practice and legal education in India.
- Its members are elected from amongst the lawyers in India and as such represents the Indian bar.
- It prescribes standards of professional conduct, etiquettes and exercises disciplinary jurisdiction over the bar.
- It also sets standards for legal education and grants recognition to Universities whose degree in law will serve as a qualification for students to enroll themselves as advocates upon graduation.
- To safeguard the rights, privileges and interests of advocates.
- To promote and support law reform
- To organise legal aid to the poor.
- To manage and invest the funds of the Bar Council.
- As per the Advocates Act, the Bar Council of India consists of members elected from each state bar council, and the Attorney General of India and the Solicitor General of India who are ex officio members.
- The members from the state bar councils are elected for a period of five years.
- The council elects its own Chairman and Vice-Chairman for a period of two years from amongst its members. Assisted by the various committees of the Council, the chairman acts as the chief executive and director of the Council.
H. Practice Questions for UPSC Prelims Exam
Question 1. The Global Investment Trends Monitor is published by
- World economic Forum
- World Bank
Question 2. Consider the following statements about Aranmula:
It is celebrated in Tamilnadu
It is a dedicated to Lord Krishna and Arjuna
- Only 1
- Only 2
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Question 3. Look at the following statements about Fields medal:
It is called as mathematician’s “Nobel Prize”.
It is awarded annually to mathematicians under 40 years of age.
- Only 1
- Only 2
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
Question 4. The Vishakha Guidelines is related to:
- Sexual harassment
- Child Marriage
- Online media control
I. Practice Questions for UPSC Mains Exam
India’s criminal justice system is in ICU. Analyze.
- Mergers of school initiated by the Government is negligence on the part of the government. Critically examine.
The pink bollworm is a disaster to the farmers who are already under the pressure of loan and abnormal Monsoons. Discuss the implications and steps that needs to be taken.
Also, check previous Daily News Analysis
“Proper Current Affairs preparation is the key to success in the UPSC- Civil Services Examination. We have now launched a comprehensive ‘Current Affairs Webinar’. Limited seats available. Click here to Know More.”<|endoftext|>Adobe offre servizi in hosting inclusi nella Adobe® Digital Marketing Suite che consentono alle aziende di personalizzare e migliorare le prestazioni dei propri siti Web, delle applicazioni, delle pagine di social networking e delle attività di marketing. I servizi Adobe raccolgono e analizzano informazioni, ad esempio quante volte un utente ha fatto clic quando ha usato un sito Web, un'applicazione o pagine di social networking oppure durante la visualizzazione di e-mail o messaggi pubblicitari.
I servizi di analisi di Adobe consentono alle aziende di misurare e capire come gli utenti usano applicazioni, siti Web, pagine di social networking e campagne pubblicitarie. I servizi di personalizzazione di siti di Adobe consentono alle aziende di testare nuovi contenuti e di rendere i propri siti Web, le proprie applicazioni e pagine di social networking più mirate l'utente.
Le aziende usano i servizi di analisi e di personalizzazione di siti di Adobe sui propri siti Web o nella proprie applicazioni. I nostri servizi possono inoltre essere usati nei messaggi pubblicitari online e nelle e-mail di marketing, sui siti Web mobili dell'azienda e sulle pagine di Facebook o di altri siti di social networking. In generale, i nostri servizi possono essere usati ogni qual volta un'azienda voglia capire meglio come i propri prodotti, servizi e messaggi on-line sono recepiti e dove fornire ai propri clienti (vale a dire agli utenti) un'esperienza personalizzata o migliorata quando questi usano i prodotti e i servizi online.
Quando un'azienda usa i servizi di analisi e di personalizzazione di siti di Adobe, tale azienda indica ad Adobe il tipo di informazioni da raccogliere. Ecco alcuni esempi del tipo di informazioni che un'azienda può chiedere ad Adobe di raccogliere:
Alcune aziende che usano i servizi Adobe possono inviarci informazioni che consentono loro di identificare l'utente. Alcune aziende possono anche acquistare informazioni addizionali sugli utenti e quindi aggiungere tali ulteriori informazioni a quelle raccolte dai prodotti Adobe sui loro siti Web. Tali informazioni aggiuntive possono includere indirizzi e-mail, informazioni sull'account o informazioni sul profilo di Facebook, inclusi foto e nome utente.
Quando ad Adobe viene chiesto di raccogliere o ricevere informazioni personali per conto delle aziende che usando i nostri servizi, Adobe chiede alle aziende di descrivere nelle proprie informative sulla privacy le loro procedure di raccolta e uso delle informazioni e consente all'utente di rifiutare esplicitamente.
Adobe non usa le informazioni raccolte per un'azienda tranne per quanto consentito in un contratto con tale azienda. Ciò è solitamente limitato alla fornitura di servizi all'azienda. Tuttavia, un esempio di uso aggiuntivo si ha quando condividiamo informazioni "aggregate" raccolte da varie aziende con i nostri clienti, i possibili clienti e partner per migliorare i nostri prodotti e servizi, per fornire rapporti e ricerche di mercato e per capire le tendenze del mercato. Le informazioni aggregate sono anonime e non identificano singole persone. Ad esempio, possiamo pubblicare rapporti che indicano quali browser e sistemi operativi sono usati più di frequente per accedere ai siti Web delle aziende che usano i nostri servizi di analisi e personalizzazione di siti. Per saperne di più su come una specifica azienda usa le informazioni raccolte, fare riferimento all'informativa sulla privacy di tale azienda.
I servizi di Adobe si avvalgono di cookie e tecnologie simili, quali web beacon (chiamati anche tag o pixel) e script incorporati, per raccogliere le informazioni descritte in precedenza. I cookie sono usati per associare il browser alle informazioni che le aziende desiderano raccogliere. I web beacon sono usati per trasferire informazioni tra i cookie e i computer Adobe.
Se si esaminano le impostazioni dei cookie nel proprio browser, è possibile trovare cookie dai domini 2o7.net e omtrdc.net. Questi sono i cookie usati da Adobe per raccogliere le informazioni descritte in precedenza. La maggior parte dei browser classificano questi cookie come "di terzi" poiché non sono impostati dal sito Web visitato. Le aziende che usano i nostri servizi possono scegliere se usare i cookie Adobe oppure i propri cookie (spesso chiamati "cookie dei siti Web visualizzati").
Per saperne di più sulle scelte disponibili per l'uso dei cookie da parte di Adobe.
Le aziende usano i servizi di analisi e di personalizzazione di siti di Adobe e le informazioni raccolte per vari scopi, alcuni dei quali sono indicati a seguire:
Adobe non condivide queste informazioni tranne per quanto descritto nell'Informativa sulla privacy Adobe o quando l'azienda che usa i nostri servizi lo richiede. Per ulteriori informazioni sulle procedure sulla privacy di qualsiasi azienda che usa i nostri servizi, vedere l'informativa sulla privacy di tale azienda.
I servizi di analisi e personalizzazione di siti di Adobe usano i cookie per consentire la raccolta della informazioni descritte in precedenza. La maggior parte dei browser accetta i cookie automaticamente, ma l'utente può solitamente modificare le impostazioni del browser per bloccare tutti i cookie o solo i cookie di aziende diverse da quella il cui sito Web si sta visitando (spesso chiamati "cookie di terzi"). Se si modificano le impostazioni del browser per il blocco dei cookie, è possibile che venga bloccato l'uso da parte di un'azienda dei servizi di analisi e personalizzazione di siti di Adobe sui propri siti Web. Per ulteriori informazioni sulla gestione dei cookie, visitare l'indirizzo http://iab.net/privacymatters/4.php.
L'utente può inoltre indicare che non desidera che le aziende usino servizi di analisi e personalizzazione di siti di Adobe scegliendo di rifiutare esplicitamente e seguendo queste istruzioni. Una volta scelto di rifiutare l'uso dei cookie Adobe per analisi e personalizzazione dei siti, Adobe non userà più i cookie per raccogliere e analizzare le informazioni associate al browser dell'utente per questi servizi. Questa opzione influenza la raccolta di informazioni solo per le aziende che usando i cookie Adobe (domini 2o7.net e omtrdc.net come descritto in precedenza). Quando si rifiuta, Adobe pone dei cookie appositi sul browser dell'utente. Se si eliminano i cookie, si cambia browser o si cambia il dispositivo, sarà necessario rifiutare nuovamente il servizio. Inoltre, questa procedura è possibile solo se il browser è impostato per accettare tutti i cookie. Le aziende possono ancora usare i servizi Adobe per creare promozioni e applicazioni nei social network dopo che l'utente ha scelto di rifiutare. Questi servizi non fanno affidamento sulla raccolta e sull'analisi di informazioni tramite i cookie. Per saperne di più sulle scelte disponibili per questi servizi, verificare le opzioni fornite dal proprio social network.
Se un'azienda usa i propri cookie quando richiede i nostri servizi, chiediamo che l'informativa sulla privacy dell'azienda spieghi come l'utente può indicare di non desiderare che vengano raccolte le informazioni relative alla sua navigazione. Se la raccolta delle informazioni descritte in precedenza rappresenta un problema per l'utente, si consiglia di leggere sempre gli avvisi sulla privacy dei siti Web visitati.<|endoftext|>« La città è di aspetto curiosissimo, viene situata in tre valli profonde nelle quali, con artificio, e sulla pietra nativa e asciutta, seggono le chiese sopra le case e quelle pendono sotto a queste, confondendo i vivi e morti la stanza. I lumi notturni la fan parere un cielo stellato. »
(Giovan Battista Pacichelli, Il Regno di Napoli in Prospettiva)
Matera (IPA: [maˈtɛra][3], Matàërë in dialetto materano, IPA: [ma'taərə]), è un comune italiano di 59.973 abitanti[1], capoluogo dell'omonima provincia e seconda città della Basilicata per popolazione ed anche il più grande comune per superficie della Basilicata.
Dal 1663 al 1806 è stata il capoluogo del Giustizierato di Basilicata nel Regno di Napoli. Durante questo periodo la città conobbe un'importante crescita economica, commerciale e culturale.
Nota con l'appellativo di "Città Sotterranea", è altresì conosciuta per gli storici rioni Sassi, che costituiscono uno dei nuclei abitativi più antichi al mondo.[4] I Sassi sono stati riconosciuti nel 1993 Patrimonio dell'umanità dall'UNESCO, primo sito dell'Italia meridionale a ricevere tale riconoscimento.
Matera è tra le città decorate al Valor Militare per la Guerra di Liberazione perché è stata insignita della Medaglia d'Argento al Valor Militare per i sacrifici delle sue popolazioni durante la seconda guerra mondiale, essendo stata la prima città del Mezzogiorno a insorgere in armi contro il nazifascismo.<|endoftext|>Fall 2014 and Winter 2015 quarters
A basic understanding of agriculture, with its central role in civilization, is a critical part of a liberal arts education. The United Nations recently announced that agricultural production should increase 70% by the year 2050 to meet development and consumption projections; do you understand the demand this will place on natural resources and the role of agricultural sciences in responding to this challenge? Can you explain the biology, chemistry, and technology that underlie agricultural production systems? Whatever your philosophical and political perspectives may be on food and agriculture, it is essential to have a fundamental understanding of agricultural sciences and technology to foster informed debate about one of the most critical and pressing planetary issues - agriculture.
Focusing on key Northwest crop and livestock species such as orchard fruit, wheat, potatoes, cattle, and poultry, this program will teach the fundamentals of agricultural science. During fall quarter, day and overnight field trips will take students to a variety of agriculture operations and processing/storage facilities in the Pacific Northwest to learn about key species and to familiarize ourselves with intensification technologies commonly utilized by organic and conventional farms, such as mechanization, irrigation, herbicides, pesticides, and biotechnology. Students will study the anatomy and physiology of animals and plants in order to learn how things grow and function in response to nutrients and other environmental variables that are managed in farming systems. The basic chemistry required to understand plant and animal nutrition, nutrient cycling and fertilizers will be taught. Applied and environmental microbiology will be taught to learn about the role of microbes in nutrient cycling, and to show examples of how plant-microbe and animal-microbe interactions are managed to optimize the nutrition and health of crops and livestock.
In winter quarter we will continue our disciplinary studies and integrate an understanding of plants, animals, microbes, and chemistry to learn the science of soil conservation. This will focus on organic matter management via the utilization of animal manure, compost, crop residues, cover crops, and conservation tillage. Taking a systems approach to combine learning in biology, chemistry, technology, and farm management, we will address on-farm energy flow and nutrient cycling to understand how farms may increase production while minimizing fossil fuel use, pollution, and soil loss.
Program format will consist of lectures, readings, and labs that relate to what students see firsthand on fieldtrips. In Winter quarter, a week-long field trip to California’s vast agricultural production areas and the World Ag Expo will serve to integrate program themes. Students unable to participate in the California field trip will complete a case study project to remain eligible to earn full credit.
Fields of Study
Preparatory for studies or careers in
Location and Schedule
Offered during: Day
Upper Division Science Credit
|November 3rd, 2014||This program will accept new winter enrollment with signature.|<|endoftext|>Source: WAGIC (3/26/18)
A Brief History of Women’s Film-making in Mainland China
By Lidan Hu
Before the founding of the socialist state in 1949, only one woman director was recorded in Chinese film history: Xie Caizhen, who made her single film, An Orphan’s Cry(Guchu beisheng), in 1925. Unfortunately this film is no longer available to watch. The enforcement of gender equality after 1949 by the CCP ensured women’s participation in the film industry. During the 1950s and 196
|
4 | 3 | 0 |
نگ سازی فضای تعارضات و دور شدن از شاخصهای واگرا در عرصه منطقه ای (ولو به قیمت عدم دستیابی به همگرایی)، نزدیک و در دسترس دیدن حل اختلافات و …؛
در واقع مولفه های ذکر شده در مجموع مبین کلیت تمایل به انجام مذاکرات میان تهران و ریاض و تلاش آنها در مسیر تنش زدایی است. از سوی دیگر نیز نباید فراموش کرد که هزینه های تنش برای دو طرف در طول سال های گذشته آن قدر سنگین و گران تمام شده است که طرفین به رفع تنش و پایان دادن به آن حداقل در شکل کنونی، مجاب شده اند.
نکته در خور توجه در ارتباط با گرایش بالای طرف های مورد تنش برای به ثمر رساندن مذاکرات، در همتنیدگی موضوعات منطقه با مسائل بین المللی در محیط خاورمیانه می باشد. به عبارت بهتر پیوند سازه ای و انگارهای مناسباتِ در جریان در خاورمیانه و چگونگی آرایش و کنش های بین المللی عملاً نیاز به تنش زدایی را برای طرفین به یک اولویت و فوریت تبدیل کرده تا هر چه سریع تر آینده روابطشان را به سمت حل اختلافات و عادی سازی سوق دهند.
در عمل می توان اینگونه گفت که نیاز جدی و فوری طرفین، برای فراغت بال از موضوع مذکور و تمرکز بر بخش های دیگر و کم کردن هزینه هایشان در این عرصه، آنها را به سمت مضاعفسازی تلاش هایشان جهت تنش زدایی متمایل کرده است. به عبارت بهتر برداشت راهبردی طرفین از شرایط موجود منطقه ای و بین المللی و تداوم سلسله نشست های پیشین در قالب مذاکرات می تواند بستری بنیادین در این باره باشد.
به نظر شما تأکیدات بایدن بر طرح هایی نظیر سپر دفاع هوایی منطقه ای و یا عادی سازی روابط اسرائیل و عربستان، چه تاثیراتی بر مذاکرات تنش زدایی ایران و عربستان خواهد داشت؟
در نگاه اول باید گفت که طرح موضوعاتی مانند سپر دفاع هوایی منطقه ای حتی در صورت در نطفه خفهشدنِ آن پیش از رسیدن به مرحله عملیاتی سازی(چون نیاز به پیش زمینه ها و بسترهایی از گفتگو، توافق و مشارکت و همکاری به علاوه میزان وسعت و دامنه آن در کنار تعداد کشورهای عضو آن می باشد) عملاً زمانبَر خواهد بود و بیشتر دارای ملاحظات سیاسی – دیپلماتیک می باشد.
در ارتباط با مسئله عادی سازی روابط میان ریاض و تل آویو نیز مسئله همین گونه است. چون آنچه گویای واقعیت روشن این روزهای ریاض می باشد عدم آمادگی های لازم و فراهم نبودن شرایط برای تحقق چنین موضوعی می باشد. در واقع ترس از مخالفت های داخلی از سوی گروه های مختلف اجتماعی و حتی کانونها و هسته های قدرت سیاسی و مذهبی در سعودی حاکی از وجود موانع جدی و فراهم نبودن شرایط می باشد.
این موضوع را نیز می توان در سخنان مقامات صهیونیستی دید که به صراحت بر زمان بَر بودن این مسئله اذعان دارند و مدعی صبر در این باره هستند. بنابراین با توجه به تأثیر و جایگاه زمان در فعلیت بخشی به دو موضوع مورد توجه در این پرسش باید گفت که چون این دو گزاره اولاً جاه طلبانه بوده و ثانیاً دور از دسترس بوده و ثالثاً در سطح اولیه بحث قرار دارند(به ویژه سپر دفاع موشکی)، از حیث محتوایی با هدف غیریت سازی منطقه ای علیه ایران سامان یافته اند. در واقع این غیریت و دگر سازی از ایران، نشان دهنده شکنندگی معادلات در سطح آنومیکی و آشوب زده منطقه ای است.
بنابراین آنچه در این مسیر برای طرفین می تواند به عنوان عامل انگیزشی در روند تنش زادیی مهم باشد، رصد مسائل منطقه ای در سطوح خُرد – میانی و کلان است. در حقیقت برآوردها در سطح خرد – میانی(تراکم بحران های منطقه ای) و کلان(جایگاه ویژه خاورمیانه در تدوین استراتژی های جهانی) و همبسته بدون آنها، نقشی کلیدی در این باره دارند.
به علاوه اینکه آنها درصدد هستند که پیش از وقوع شرایط جدید در قالب معادلات تازه منطقه ای، جهتگیریهایشان را نسبت به عملکرد منطقه ای یکدیگر مشخص سازند. از سوی دیگر نیز نباید فراموش کرد که شاخص ماهوی این دو موضوع(سپر دفاع هوایی منطقه ای و عادی سازی روابط اسرائیل و عربستان) عملاً زمینه را برای امتیازگیری ریاض از تهران و تل آویو که در تقابل تمام عیار ساختاری – ایده ای با هم قرار دارند، فراهم خواهد کرد. بنابراین درک شرایط موجود و ادراک امنیتی از اتفاقات و اقدامات تنش آفرین اخیر در آینده و سنجش و پالایش آنها، تلاش های دو طرف را شدت بخشیده تا پیش از خروج مذاکرات از مسیر و ریل اصلی، آن را به سرانجامی ولو حداقلی برسانند.
به نظر شما چشم انداز آتی و سرانجام تلاش های تنش زدایی میان ایران و عربستان چیست؟ آیا تنش زدایی و عادی سازی روابط محقق می شود یا صرفا شاهد گفتگوهای فرسایشی بی ثمر خواهیم بود؟
مطمئناً حصول به توافق نهایی آن هم در شکل سریع و بدون وقفه آن میسر نخواهد بود. در واقع اگر در این دور از مذاکرات میان تهران و ریاض توافقی حاصل گردد مقدمه ای برای انجام گفتگو و مذاکرات بر محور شروط طرفین در آینده خواهد بود. به بیان جامع تر اگر در این دور از مذاکرات توافقی شکل بگیرد مسلماً بر روی کلیات خواهد بود و جزئیات آن به دلیل دامنه دار بودن اختلافات و حتی مطالباتشان از یکدیگر به دورهای بعدی موکول خواهد گشت.
با این وجود نمی توان از اصطلاح فریسایشی بودن برای این مذاکرات استفاده کرد و آن را مشمول زمانِ طولانی دانست. چرا که هدف اول و حیاتی برای دو طرف کاهش سطح تنش ها و باز کردن دریچه های دیپلماتیک برای گفتگوها بوده که تصمیم به انجام دور تازه مذاکرات بعد چند ماه در سطح دیپلماتیک، مبین همین نکته است.
از سوی دیگر نیز باید خاطر نشان کرد که دور تازه مذاکرات که آغاز گفتگوها در سطح دیپلماتیک میباشد به معنای پیشرفتی مهم و گامی قابل توجه در این باره می باشد که در مرحله اول و ابتدایی گفتگوها در سطح مذکور است، همین امر گزاره فرسایشی بودن آن را در زمان فعلی منتفی خواهد کرد. پس با توجه به آنچه گفته شد به نظر می رسد در خوش بینانه ترین حالت باید به ادامه گفتگوها امیدوار بود نه اتمام آنها.<|endoftext|>La Rocca è caratterizzata da una forma a pentagono irregolare, sorge sui resti di una acropoli etrusca, di cui resta visibile un tratto di mura ed è composta da una torre triangolare alta 39 metri e quattro torri che fortificano le mura merlate. Due di queste, costruite nella prima metà del sec. XVI sono di forma circolare, in quanto la struttura rotonda risultava più resistente agli attacchi portati con i cannoni.
All’interno della Rocca sono conservati i ruderi di una chiesa di origine probabilmente bizantina, intitolata ai Santi Filippo e Giacomo, verosimilmente costruita sui resti di un tempio etrusco. La visita alla Rocca del Leone è possibile solo passando attraverso l’ingresso del Palazzo della Corgna.<|endoftext|>به گزارش شهر نیوز، عباس جعفری در خصوص عملکرد و توسعه سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم اظهار کرد: گذشته از اغراق و بزرگنمایی، سازمان آتش نشانی، یکی از مجموعهها و سازمانهای وابسته به شهرداری قم است که تحول بسیار عظیمی در آن رخ داده و به جرات میتوان گفت اقداماتی که در این سازمان اتفاق افتاده، نه تنها در مجموعه سازمانها و مناطق شهرداری و سایر ارگانها، بلکه در سطح کشور هم بیسابقه بوده است.
وی ادامه داد: سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم، قبل از انقلاب تنها یک ایستگاه در یک سوله با یک اتاق و یک دستگاه ماشین در کنار ساختمان شهرداری در خیابان ارم داشت که در سال ۱۳۴۰ احداث شده بود که بعد از سالها یک ماشین دیگر به این مجموعه اضافه شد و خدمات محدودی مثل امور شهری ارائه میداد.
مدیر عامل سازمان آتشنشانی و خدمات ایمنی شهرداری قم با بیان اینکه این سازمان تا سال ۶۷ تنها یک ایستگاه داشت، ابراز کرد: به دلیل جنگ تحمیلی و رخدادهای مهمتر در کشور که تمام دغدغهها و تمرکز را به سمت بحث دفاعی برده بود، پیشرفت در سازمان آتشنشانی مسکوت ماند.
جعفری عنوان کرد: دومین ایستگاه آتشنشانی قم در سال ۶۷ ساخته شد و تا سال ۹۰ به ۱۲ ایستگاه به همراه ۱۷۰ نیرو افزایش یافت.
وی یادآور شد: در سالهای ۹۲ الی ۹۴ تحول بسیار عظیمی در سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم رخ داد، طوری که شروع ساخت و تکمیل ۱۲ ایستگاه به صورت همزمان را انجام گرفت و اتفاقی بیسابقه را در کشور رقم زد.
مدیر عامل سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم اضافه کرد: در کشور سابقه نداشت که یک شهر به اندازه ایستگاههای موجود، شروع به ساخت و تکمیل ایستگاه آتشنشانی در مدت زمان کوتاهی کند؛ البته این مهم نیاز شهر قم چراکه در حال حاضر یک میلیون ۳۰۰ هزار نفر جمعیت و سالانه بیش از ۲۵ میلیون نفر زائر دارد.
جعفری با اشاره به پیشرفت تجهیزات سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم عنوان کرد: اوایل انقلاب تنها یکی، دو خودرو آتشنشانی در قم بود، اما الان ۱۰۵ دستگاه خودرو داریم که ۸۴ دستگاه از آنها عملیاتی، پیشرفته و به روز دنیا هستند؛ البته هنوز هم کاستیهایی در زمینه ایمنی وجد دارد.
وی یادآور شد: شهر قم چند سالی است به سمت صنعتی شدن پیش رفته و کارخانهها و شهرکهای صنعتی در اطراف شهر حریقهای زیادی داشتند که در گذشته رسیدن ما به محل این حوادث زمانبر بود و این مسئله، ابعاد حادثه را بیشتر میکرد و تلفات جانی و مالی زیادی داشت، اما با ساخت ایستگاههای ۱۲ گانه جدید این زمان کاهش پیدا کرد.
مدیرعامل سازمان آتشنشانی شهرداری قم یادآور شد: با در اختیار داشتن ۲۴ ایستگاه آتشنشانی در قم، زمان رسیدن ما به محل حوادث شهری از ۴ دقیقه که زمان استاندارد جهانی است، پایینتر آمده و به ۳ دقیقه و ۱۶ ثانیه رسیده که یک رکورد در کشور محسوب میشود.
جعفری عنوان کرد: نخستین کلانشهر کشور هستیم که از نظر تعداد ایستگاههای آتش نشانی به سرانه استانداردهای مهم بینالمللی رسیدیم.<|endoftext|>مدیرکل حفاظت محیط زیست خراسان رضوی گفت: در پی افزایش بی سابقه آلاینده ها در هوای مشهد امروز نهم خرداد کیفیت هوای این شهر در وضعیت هشدار برای همه گروههای سنی قرار دارد.
مرزنیوز به نقل از ایرنا:حمید صالحی روز چهارشنبه : میانگین شاخص کلی کیفیت کنونی هوای مشهد ۱۷۸ پی.اس.آی و در وضعیت هشدار برای همه گروههای سنی است.
وی ادامه داد: همچنین مناطق خاقانی با ۲۳۵، امامیه با ۲۱۳، شهید کریمی با ۲۰۹، چمن با ۲۰۸ و سرافرازان با ۲۰۳ پی.اس.آی در مشهد در وضعیت خطرناک قرار دارند.
مدیرکل حفاظت محیط زیست خراسان رضوی گفت: همچنین ایستگاههای سمزقند با ۱۹۱، سجاد با ۱۹۰، خیام جنوبی با ۱۷۸، شهید مفتح با ۱۷۷، طرق با ۱۷۲، شهر با ۱۷۱، لشگر با ۱۶۹، رسالت با ۱۶۱ و خیام شمالی و شهید آوینی هر یک با ۱۶۰ پی.اس.آی در وضعیت هشدار هستند.
وی افزود: ایستگاههای تقی آباد با ۱۴۸، صدف با ۱۱۷ و حرم مطهر با ۱۱۵ پی.اس.آی در وضعیت هشدار برای گروههای حساس قرار دارند.
مدیرکل محیط زیست خراسان رضوی تاکید کرد: بیماران قلبی و تنفسی، کودکان، زنان باردار و سایر گروههای آسیب پذیر به هیچوجه در سطح شهر مشهد رفت و آمد نکنند. سایر افراد نیز تا حد امکان از حضور در سطح شهر خودداری کنند و یا با استفاده از ماسک پیامدهای سلامتی ناشی از آلودگی را کاهش دهند.
کیفیت هوای کلانشهر مشهد برای نخستین بار طی دو سال اخیر دیروز هشتم خرداد ماه با افزایش غلظت ذرات معلق وارد وضعیت خطرناک آلودگی شد. ۲دوکانون قره قوم در ترکمنستان و هرات در افغانستان عامل افزایش میزان گرد و غبار در هوای کلانشهر مشهد عنوان شده اند.
مشهد طی ماههای فروردین و اردیبهشت امسال ۱۶ روز هوای پاک، ۳۹ روز هوای سالم و هفت روز هوای ناسالم برای گروههای حساس داشته است.
شاخص کیفیت هوا در کمتر از ۵۰ پی.اس.آی بیانگر وضعیت هوای پاک، ۵۰ تا ۱۰۰ نشانگر وضعیت سالم، در محدوده ۱۰۱ تا ۱۵۰ پی.اس.آی بیانگر وضعیت هشدار برای افراد حساس و کودکان، بین ۱۵۱ تا ۲۰۰ پی.اس.آی هشدار برای همه سنین، بین ۲۰۰ تا ۳۰۰ پی.اس.آی حالت اضطرار است و آلودگی بیشتر از ۳۰۰ پی.اس.آی نیز وضعیت بحرانی را نشان می دهد.
http://marznews.com/?p=122666<|endoftext|>Answers to Study Questions
for Week Four Day 4
1. What happened when the sixth seal was opened?
Answer: The overwhelming horrors are unfolded when the sixth seal was opened.
2. What is significant about all the disaster described?
Answer: What is significant about all the disaster described is that it is a message of hope, not terror. The martyrs have been waiting for vindication and now they have it. Those who have been persecuting them are destroyed.
3. Who was exempt from this terror?
Answer: No one in the ranks of the persecutor is exempt–powerful authorities, slave and free.
This lesson series brought to you courtesy of
First United Methodist Church
of Miami, Florida
This site powered by<|endoftext|>01
超速20%以下，不罚了？
2023年，汽车界最大的谣言之一就是：超速20%以下，不再罚了。
如果你信了，那你就输了。
对于普通私家车而言，超速有2个梯度：
一是超速50%以上；
二是超速20%以上未达到50%。
只要开车超速在此范围内，就会面临扣分，反言之，不在此范围内的不扣分。
也就是说，超速20%以下的私家车，不会面临扣分。但是！！！这里只是说不扣分，罚款还是照旧，一般会被罚款200元。所以，之前“超速20%以下不罚款不扣分”的言论是错误的，不扣分并不等于不罚款。
02
超速不足10%，可免去处罚？
你可能还听一些老司机说过：对于超速在10%以内的，可免去处罚，最多也只会给予你口头警告而已。
实际上，这种说法流传的原因就在于各地对于超速的处罚标准不一样。有些地方对于超速不足10%的行为，会处于“扣0分，罚款0元”，也就是我们常说的警告单。这种看似无公害的交通违法行为，还是需要处理的，否则车辆可能无法通过年审。
但无论如何，只要超速了，不管超速20%，还是不足10%，都算交通违法行为，只是每个地方的处罚标准不太一样。所以呢，开车不超速才是正道。
03
2023年私家车超速扣分标准
上面我们说了，私家车的超速梯度分为“超速50%以上”和“超速20%以上未达到50%”。
而私家车超速的扣分梯度也可以分为3个梯度：
一是扣12分；
二是扣6分；
三是扣3分。
在不同的路面上超速，扣分的标准也不一样，可分为：
① 高速公路、城市快速路
② 除高速公路、城市快速路外的道路
具体的超速标准如下表：
可以看到，在高速上的超速处罚比一般公路的处罚要严重得多。比如在高速上超速50%以上，会面临一次扣12分的后果；而在普通公路上超速50%以上，只需扣6分。
小结
总体来看，2023年私家车超速最大的变化，就是把“超速20%以下”列入了不扣分的队列中，但也只是不扣分，罚款还是要的。所以，不要心存侥幸。扣分还是小事，安全才是最重要的。▌
最后，附上一张机动车（含私家车和非私家车）超速的扣分标准：
还没有评论，来说两句吧...<|endoftext|>Süper Lig Takımları
ING Basketbol Süper Lig Takımları
MOTOR SPORLARI
TENİS
DİĞER SPORLAR
Tahincioğlu Basketbol Süper Lig Takımları
Avustralya Açık'ta Barty ve Djokovic 2. turda
Sezonun ilk grand slam tenis turnuvası Avustralya Açık'ta tek kadınlarda 1 numaralı seribaşı Ashleigh Barty, 2. tura çıktı. Tek erkeklerde 2 numaralı seribaşı Novak Djokovic de 2. tura yükseldi.
15 yaşındaki Gauff, 39'luk Williams'ı saf dışı bıraktı!
Avustralya Açık'ta ilk tur eşleşmeleri belli oldu
Başak Eraydın, Avustralya Açık'a veda etti
FOTO GALERİ
Sharapova'nın az bilinen fotoğrafları
Avustralya Açık'tan taraftar manzaraları
AVUSTRALYA'NIN
|
4 | 3 | 1 |
company of men. Men take delight in the company of women. The rootcause for this is reproductive instinct. Another reason is that a weak man gains strength in the company of a strong man. But, a man who wants to realise God should shun ruthlessly company-particularly, the company of women and worldly-minded persons. He should live alone. Then he will become very powerful and strong. He will develop a strong individuality. One will find difficulty in the beginning in the practice of living alone. Fear will come in. You will have to overcome all difficulties, one by one, if you want to attain immortality (Amritatva). The reward is very great: Brahmavit Paramapnoti (A Knower of Brahman gets the Highest); Amritamasnute (He drinks the nectar of immortality).
An impulse is a sudden propelling force. There are three kinds of impulses, viz., impulses of thought, impulses of speech and impulses of action. Mouna (silence) checks the impulse of speech. Meditation checks the impulse of wrong thinking and wrong action.
There are two important impulses. They are the sex-impulse and the impulse of speech. There is an intimate relation between impulse and imagination. Imagination induces the impulse. Impulses must be controlled by reason and will and meditation on God.
An emotion is a combination of thought and desire. Every idea is charged with emotion. Emotions are desires which are penetrated by the thought element. In other words, emotion is desire mingled with thought. The vibrations of emotions will arouse corresponding excitement in purely mental matter and all the man's thoughts will be disturbed and distorted.
There is emotion-desire. There is emotion-feeling also. If the desire element is predominant, it is emotion-desire. If the pleasure element is predominant, it is emotion-feeling.
Raga and Dvesha (love and hatred) are the two important emotions of the mind and all the different emotions can be classified under these two headings. Wonder is a compound emotion. It is admiration and fear combined. Reverence is a compound emotion. It is awe and respect combined. Amarsha is a compound emotion. It is anger and jealousy combined. As soon as the man is pulled down to a lower level, the anger of the inferior man who was jealous vanishes.
Pleasure is a particular kind of emotion in the mind. The mind expands during pleasure. Coolness prevails in the mind. What takes place of the mind when pleasure feeling arises is not exactly understood by the western psychologists. It is incapable of being understood also by ordinary persons. Only a Yogi or a Jnani knows this psychic phenomenon. During pain, the mind contracts. Considerable heat is produced in the mind.
Many of the physical desires and emotions in man are akin to those of the lower animals. Anger and sex-impulse in man are the brutal instincts. In the undeveloped man, these desires and emotions which belong to the lower nature (Aparaprakriti) predominate and overpower the higher nature (Paraprakriti).
It is a symptom of weakness to have emotions in the mind. They should be controlled by the intellect and the will.
How To Control Emotions And Impulses
When emotions and impulses trouble you much, be indifferent (Udasina). Say to yourself: "Who am I? I am not the mind. I am Atman (all-pervading Spirit, Suddha Sat-Chit-Ananda. How can emotions affect me? I am Nirlipta (unattached). I am a Sakshi (witness) of these emotions. Nothing can disturb me." When you repeat these suggestions of Vichara, the emotions will die by themselves. This Jnana method of controlling emotions is easier than the Yogic method of driving the emotions and struggling with the mind (Yogas-chittavritti-nirodhah).
Religious sentiment, moral sentiment, aesthetic sentiment (or sentiment for the sublime and the beautiful) are the three important sentiments of the mind. Feeling and sentiments are illusory. They are not in Atman. They are deceptions created by the mind.
Mood is a mental state. The Sanskrit term is Bhava. This term also does not express the true significance of the word 'mood'. We say, "Mr. Naidu or Mr. Atkinson is a moody gentleman." This means he becomes a slave of the mood quickly. We also say, "That gentleman is in 'good mood' or 'happy mood.' " "I can approach him now for a short interview or talk" or "He is in a very 'angry mood.' I should not see him now."
The English people, during the course of their conversation, use the term 'mood' in a broad sense. They say: "He is in a talking mood"; "He is in a silent mood"; "He is in a mood of hatred"; "He is in a mood of love"; "He is in a mood of selfishness"; "He is in a mood of jealousy"; "He is in a mood of separateness"; "He is in a mood of unity." In the light of Vedanta, these are all Vrittis (thoughts or emotions) only. Dr. Bhagavan Das, the reputed author of "Science of Emotions" classifies these under emotions only.
The Two Kinds Of Moods And Their Effects
In Vedanta, there are only two kinds of moods, viz., Harsha (joy, exultation or exhilaration) and Soka (grief or depression). In the mind, these two kinds of moods prevail. Now there is joy. Five minutes later, there is depression. These currents alternate. They belong to the Shad-Urmis (six waves). They are two waves that affect the mind-ocean.
People of gloomy moods attract to them gloomy things and gloomy thoughts from others and from the Akasic records in the physical ether. Persons with hope, confidence and cheerful spirits attract thoughts of similar nature from others. They are always successful in their attempts.
People with negative moods of depression, anger, hatred do positive injury to others. They infect others and raise these destructive Vrittis in others. They are culpable. They do great damage in the thought-world. People with happy and cheerful moods are a blessing to society. They bring happiness to others.
Just as a young, beautiful lady covers her face and does not like to come out to mix with others in society when she has a nasty festering sore on her cheeks or nose, so also you should not come in public and mix with your friends and other people when you have a mood of depression, a mood of hatred or jealousy. For, you will infect others with these moods. You are a menace to society.
How To Control Negative Moods
Sadhakas should try to eradicate depression by prayer, meditation, counter-thoughts of joy, chanting of Om, Vichara and singing divine songs. Never give room for gloomy depression. Repeat Om with Bhava. Repeat "I am Ananda-maya," "My Svarupa is Ananda." Depression will vanish. There are various causes for this depression. Cloudy day, association with evil persons, indigestion, influence by astral spirits, revival of old Samskaras of depression-all these induce depression.
When you get a talking mood, practise at once 'Mouna' (silence). This is an antidote to the talking mood. When you are in a mood of hatred, develop the opposite virtue of love. This mood will pass off quickly. When you are in the mood of selfishness, begin to do selfless work. When you are in the mood of separateness, try to mix with others through service, love, kindness and Kshama. When you are in the mood of laziness, do at once some kind of active work, drawing water, gardening, running, brisk walk or biking, etc.
A Jivanmukta is absolutely free from all moods. He has controlled all moods completely. He has become a master of all these moods. In Atman, there are no moods. It is pure consciousness. Identify with Atman. You can destroy all moods very easily.
The Meditative Mood
But, there is one good mood in those who practise meditation. It is termed the "meditative mood." Those who practise concentration and meditation feel this kind of mood. When this mood manifests, you must immediately give up reading, writing, talking, etc. You must immediately sit on the usual Asana (posture) and begin to meditate. Meditation will come by itself without effort. This mood is very favourable for contemplation. Watch for this kind of mood. If light disturbs you, close the windows or put on a curtain along the window. Dark room is favourable for the beginners in meditation.
Whims And Fancies
A whim corresponds to the term 'Taranga' in Sanskrit. Taranga means a wave. When a sudden change arises in the mind, it is a whim. Whims are Tarangas that arise in the mind. They rise up and break quickly. They drag you hither and thither. They upset you.
Everybody has his own whims. Very often you say, "He is a whimsical man," when anyone is swayed by whims. Whim is also termed caprice. Eccentricity is an exaggerated form of whim. Whim tosses a man hither and thither, if he yields to it. Whimsical actions bring on misery. It is through whim that mind tempts and deceives men. Mind cheats through whims. Whims should be checked by reason.
Do not do actions through whims. Action must be done through Viveka and wisdom. Destroy whims as soon as they arise, through Vichara. Always enquire whether the proposed action will bring you pleasure and spiritual gain or not. Be on the alert.
The word 'whim' always goes with the term fancy. We say, "whims and fancies." A fancy is a phase of the intellectual faculty of a lighter and less impressive cast than the imagination of the active play of this lighter faculty. Fancy is a new and pleasing thought or conception due to this faculty. Fancy is a form of imagination. It helps a poet, but not an aspirant. It is a hindrance in meditation. It builds castles in the air. Check it by Vichara and Viveka.
Just as waves and ripples rise on the surface of the ocean, whims, various caprices, fancies and wrong determinations also arise on the surface of the mind-ocean. The whims represent the ripples. You need not be afraid of these. They come and pass off quickly. You must be careful about the strong waves, wrong determinations. The strong thoughts must be eradicated by strong Vichara and proper reasoning.
Prakriti never creates a vacuum in the mind. If one anxiety or worry is over, another anxiety immediately manifests. Mind can never become vacant. It has got infinite preoccupations.
Carefully mark the ways of the mind. It tempts, exaggerates, magnifies, infatuates, unnecessarily alarms through vain imagination, vain fear, vain worries and vain forebodings. It tries its level best to divert you from concentration on your Lakshya.
It took me many years to understand thoroughly the subtle workings of the mind. Mind works havoc through its power of imagination. Imaginary fears of various sorts, exaggeration, concoction, mental dramatisation, building castles in the air, are all due to this power of imagination. Even a perfect, healthy man has some imaginary disease or other due to the power of imagination of the mind. Much energy is wasted on account of imaginary fears.
When his mind is fully occupied with the affairs of the war, the soldier does not feel any serious injury as a gunshot wound in the leg. He is not aware of the loss of a large quantity of blood also. He is filled with enthusiasm. He is not conscious of his body-so to say-for the time being. When the excitement is over, when he sees some blood-spots on his clothing or when some of his friends points out to him the wound in the leg, he gets the consciousness. Then he is alarmed a bit. The power of imagination plays havoc now. He gets a collapse now. The power of imagination always exaggerates.
A man may have a little weakness. When he becomes your enemy, you at once exaggerate and magnify his weakness and Dosha. You even superimpose on this or concoct many more weaknesses and Doshas. This is due to evil imagination on your part.
Whenever the mind of two friends are strained by ill-feelings, these minds begin to exaggerate and concoct things. Fault-finding increases. It is very difficult to get at the truth of the statements of these two broken friends with broken friendship. Their utterances are always coloured by their inner feelings. The power of imagination does havoc now. Maya plays havoc through the mind and its power of imagination.
Mind tempts and deceives. Think of one as a good friend of yours and there the thing is created as a reality. Think of him as your foe and then also the mind perfects the thought into an actuality. He who knows the working of the mind and has controlled it by practice is really happy.
I shall explain to you the nature of "mental dramatisation." Mark the ways of the mind. During conversation with your friends, the mind sometimes imagines in vain that it has hurt the feelings of your friend. It spends much of its energy in unnecessary feeling. You think: "How can I see him tomorrow morning? He may be displeased with me." Next morning when you meet him, nothing happens. Your friend starts a pleasant conversation and smiles. You are surprised. To your great astonishment, the subject of talk takes quite a different turn altogether. A family-man imagines when a severe epidemic of plague ravages: "What shall I do if my wife develops plague and dies now? I have got six children." This is his vain imagination. Nothing happens. Sometimes, when the train moves slowly on the Pamban Bridge over the sea near Ramesvaram, the mind imagines, "If the bridge gives way now, what will become of me? I shall be smashed to pieces." A touch of fear creeps in. There are thousand and one ways of mental dramatisation like these. The power of imagination plays a vital part in mental dramatisation.
When your mind is deeply concentrated, period of two hours passes like five minutes. If the mind is distracted and wandering, half an hour hangs on as two hours. This is everybody's experience. In dream also, many events that represent a period of fifty years take place within ten minutes. Through the play of the mind, a Kalpa is considered by it as a moment and vice versa. Time is but a mode of the mind. It is Kala Sakti. It is also illusory like the objects.
Through the trick of the mind, one furlong at times appears to be a great distance and three miles at other times appear to be a very short distance. You ought to have noted this in your daily life.
Marichi Chaitanya, M.A., Ph.D., a Brahmachari of Rumania and myself sat for dinner in the Kailasa Kutia, Svarga Ashram, on the bank of the Ganga. A dish of potato soup was served. Marichi, who has no idea of Indian preparations, took it for a soup of meat. The colour and appearance of the potato soup was exactly the same as that of meat-soup. This is a case of "mental projection." Marichi projected the idea of meat from his own Samskara within the mind into the potato-soup. Mental projections are all false.
Kalpana in the mind means mental creation or imagination. This is the real Yogamaya. You will have to destroy these various Kalpanas. This is the aim of all the spiritual Sadhanas. Then you will be established in Nirvikalpa state of bliss. Pure Nivritti is needed to attain this after you have got Chitta-Suddhi through Nishkama-Karma Yoga.
Temperament And How It Can Be Modified
There are secretions from endocrine glands which are ductless viz., Thyroid, Thymus, Parotid, Pineal, Suprarenal, etc. These secretions are directly absorbed into the blood. They play a vital part in constituting the temperament of every individual. The temperament of a man can be greatly modified by environments, education and experience. It can hardly be changed in toto. That is the reason why the Gita says: "Sadrisam Cheshtate Svasyah Prakriter-Jnanavanapi-Even the man of knowledge behaves in conformity with nature" (Gita, III-33).
The Mental Faculties
The Power Of The Human Mind
If you closely study the action of mind upon mind, of mind over matter, of mind over the human body, you will find that each man is a power in himself. You will have to develop the potential faculties by self-restraint and mastery over the passions. When mind is so much powerful, what to speak anything of the glory of Atman, who is the storehouse of everything, who is the infinite, inexhaustible central magazine of power, knowledge and bliss from whom the little mind borrows its light and power!
Illustrations Of The Power Of Mind
Whenever any fire-accident or any other kind of accident occurs, how agile and nimble you are! Do you not exhibit wonderful powers? You jump over a huge wall, save many children, run amidst fire boldly and carry things. All psychic faculties, memory, imagination, will, etc., are at play. Chivalry, intrepidity, undaunted spirit, mercy and various other noble virtues are exhibited by you. Wherefrom did you draw these faculties and powers? From this, you can conclude that you are, in reality, all-powerful. There is a big, magnanimous magazine of power inside. Go to the source by meditation and tap it. You will get everything. Rely on the Self within.
If you get a telegram at 12 a.m. on a hot day in summer, which informs you that your father is seriously ailing in your native village which is twenty miles distant, at once you leave even your food and begin to gallop. Though you yourself are not in good health at that time, you do not mind anything as you are very anxious to see your loving father. You even run the whole distance and reach the place within a couple of hours. Then you begin to wonder, "What! I was myself very sick. The day was very hot. I have covered a distance of twenty miles within two hours. What a marvel it is!" This clearly shows that you are, in reality, all-powerful. The mind possesses various kinds of powers and faculties. They lie dormant. You will have to awaken them.
The Six Important Powers Of Mind
There are three Saktis (powers, potencies) in the mind, viz., Ichha Sakti (Will), Kriya Sakti (Action) and Jnana Sakti (Knowledge). A desire arises in the mind. This is Ichha Sakti. The mind exerts to have this desire gratified. This is Kriya Sakti. It plans, schemes and finds out methods, etc., for the achievement of the desired object. This is Jnana Sakti.
Vedana-Sakti (power of perception), Smarana-Sakti or Smriti-Sakti (power of memory), Bhavana-Sakti (Power of imagination), Manisha-Sakti (power of judgment), Ichha-Sakti or Sankalpa-Sakti (will or volition) and
|
4 | 3 | 2 |
"This scheme of stopping automobile speeding has been discussed by different municipalities, but Chatham is the first place to put it in practice". The average automobile's top speed at the time was around 30 mph.
Arthur Holly Compton was a physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in physics in 1927 for his discoveries resulting in major changes in electromagnetic theory. He is commonly known for his work on the Compton Effect with X-rays. He also invented what he called "traffic control bumps," the basic design for the speed hump, in 1953. Compton began designs on the speed bump after noticing the speed at which motorists passed Brookings Hall at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, where he was chancellor.
The British Transport and Road Research Laboratory published a comprehensive report in 1973 examining vehicle behavior for a large variety of different bump geometries. At the time speed humps were not permitted on public roads but had been installed on private roads.
According to a publication by the Institute of Transportation Engineers, the first speed bump in Europe was built in 1970 in the city of Delft in the Netherlands.
In the United Kingdom, vertical deflection in highways for the purpose of traffic calming typically takes one of the following forms:
The Department for Transport defines the regulations for the design and use of road humps.
After complaints from Derby residents, 146 speed bumps were removed from streets at a cost of £460,000. Similar incidents have been reported elsewhere in the UK.
UK news sources reported a cyclist being killed in a crash while attempting to avoid a speed bump.
Speed bumps in some areas have been removed after protests by local residents. Such protests cite the lack of any consultation as one factor.
Local authorities have cited disadvantages to speed bumps:
Other sources argue that speed bumps:
In 2003, the chairman of the London Ambulance Service, Sigurd Reinton was reported as claiming that delay due to speed bumps was responsible for up to 500 avoidable deaths from cardiac arrest each year. He later denied the statement.
In Sweden, an evaluation of spinal stress in bus drivers against ISO 2631-5 required on health grounds:
A potential may exist for liability or at least a law suit when a driver damages his car by going too fast over speed bumps.
Dynamic speed bumps differ from conventional speed bumps in that they only activate if a vehicle is traveling above a certain speed. Vehicles traveling below this speed will not experience the discomfort of a conventional speed bump. Dynamic speed bumps may allow the passage of emergency vehicles at higher speeds.
In one design, a rubber housing is fitted with a pressure valve which determines the speed of a vehicle. If the vehicle is traveling below the set speed the valve opens allowing the bump to deflate as the vehicle drives over it, but remains closed if the vehicle is traveling too fast. The valve can also be set to allow heavy vehicles, such as fire trucks, ambulances, and buses to cross at higher speeds.
A double clutch (also called a double declutch) is a method of shifting gears primarily used for vehicles with an unsynchronized manual transmission, such as commercial trucks and specialty vehicles. A double clutch is not necessary in a vehicle that has a synchronized manual transmission. Opposed to operating a single clutch by holding the clutch in once and shifting directly to another gear, a double clutch is operated by first shifting the transmission into neutral before shifting to the next desired gear. The clutch is held with each change.
The double clutching technique involves the following steps:
In a gearbox with neutral between each gear, a typical shift actually involves two gear changes, once into neutral, and again into the next gear. During any shift, disconnecting drive components via a clutch properly unloads the engine and transmission of undue pressure applied by the opposing components. Fully utilizing the clutch for each shift out of, and then into each gear is double (de)clutching. Due to the absence of a neutral spacing, double clutching is ill-advised for sequential gear changes, as in a fully sequential gearbox such as a typical motorcycle.
Before the introduction of transmission synchronizers (in the 1920s), double clutching was a technique required to prevent damage to an automobile's gear system (except for cars like the Model T with a planetary gearbox). Due to the difficulty and most often unnecessary redundancy involved in learning the technique, coupled with the advent of synchronized gearing systems, it has largely fallen into disuse. However, drivers of large trucks often use the double clutching technique when unable to keep the transmission unloaded during shifting, as large vehicles are usually equipped with older, simpler and more durable unsynchronized gearboxes.
The purpose of the double-clutch technique is to aid in matching the rotational speed of the input shaft being driven by the engine to the rotational speed of the gear the driver wishes to select (directly connected to rotating wheels). When the speeds are matched, the gear will engage smoothly and no clutch is required. If the speeds are not matched, the dog teeth on the collar will "clash" or grate as they attempt to fit into the holes on the desired gear. A modern synchromesh gearbox accomplishes this synchronization more efficiently. However, when the engine speed is significantly different from the transmission speed, the desired gear can often not be engaged even in a fully synchronized gearbox. An example is trying to shift into a gear while travelling outside the gear's speed or directional range, such as accidentally into 1st from near the top of 2nd, or intentionally from reverse to a forward gear whilst still moving at speed.
Double clutching, although time consuming, eases gear selection when an extended delay or variance exists between engine and transmission speeds.
Although double clutching is a testing requirement when obtaining a commercial driver's license, most experienced truckers learn to shift gears without using the clutch. This is known as float gears, which thus eliminates the clutch except during starting and stopping. Skip shifting is when a gear is left out, usually on an upshift, for example shifting 2-4-6 while accelerating with the help of gravity down a hill. This technique saves unnecessary shifting work and saves fuel.
Conversely, in order to shift down, engine RPM must be increased while the gearbox is in neutral and the clutch is engaged. This requires the driver to slow the vehicle sufficiently, shift into neutral, apply throttle to bring the RPM up to a suitable speed, and finally shift into gear. This operation can be very difficult to master, as it requires the driver to gauge the speed of the vehicle and throttle to the intended gear accurately; vehicle weight and road gradient are important factors as they influence the vehicle's acceleration or deceleration during the shift. Double clutching is when the clutch pedal is depressed while shifting to neutral to match engine speed to the intended gear and vehicle speed, and again depressed for shifting into gear.
Sometimes, truck drivers use the engine brake to help match the engine speed to the gear. The most common situation is with a loaded vehicle which has no split gears or half gears in the lower range, from gears 1-4. In this case, it is especially difficult and sometimes impossible to get from 1 to 2, and sometimes even from 2-3 while starting on a hill. The problem is that by the time the engine speed has dropped sufficiently to enable a shift into the higher gear, the vehicle will have slowed down too much or possibly even stopped, making the shift impossible. The engine brakes, which on some models can be set to different intensities (retarding variable numbers of engine cylinders) enable a shift by dropping the engine speed quickly enough to catch the higher gear before the vehicle has decelerated too much. This technique, sometimes called "jake shifting", requires high skill and much practice shifting without the clutch, and is usually not recommended among truck drivers because mistakes can cause damage to the transmission.
A related downshifting technique is called heel-and-toe, in which the brake and accelerator pedals are pressed simultaneously. Classically, the brake is pressed with the ball of the right foot and the accelerator pedal is controlled by the right heel, while the clutch pedal is pressed by the left foot. However, variants are possible, with the brake and accelerator pressed by sides of the right foot.
Proper heel-and-toe technique aids both slowing the vehicle while at the same time accelerating the engine for a matched downshift. Note that neglecting to rev-match in any downshifting scenario can be extremely dangerous, especially in low-traction conditions. Heel-and-Toe may be used with any type of gearbox when simultaneous braking and downshifting is necessary. Though difficult, mastering the heel-and-toe technique in conjunction with necessary clutching is essential for high performance driving (e.g., rally racing) to stay in the optimal gear regardless of the simultaneous braking, accelerating, and clutching required for shifts. This allows the engine to stay in the RPM "powerband" and allows one to drive as fast as possible. Left foot braking while accelerating the engine with the right foot to accommodate downshifting in a clutchless situation accomplishes the same feat.
The purpose of the heel-toe-double-clutch is to downshift into the correct gear, and thus optimal engine RPM, for exiting the corner while placing the least wear and tear on the entire drivetrain. Note that racers will sometimes skip gears during downshifts depending on the vehicle speed. With double-clutching there is no need to shift through every gear when significant velocity has been lost.
Electrohydraulic manual transmission is a type of semi-automatic transmission system, which uses an automated clutch unlike conventional manual transmissions where the driver operates the clutch. The clutch is controlled by electronic computers and hydraulics. To change gears, the driver selects the desired gear with the transmission shift lever, and the system automatically operates the clutch and throttle to match revs and engage the clutch again. Also, many such transmissions operate in sequential mode where the driver can only upshift or downshift by one gear at a time.
Depending on the implementation, some computer-controlled electrohydraulic manual transmissions will automatically shift gears at the right points (like an automatic transmission), while others require the driver to manually select the gear even when the engine is at the redline. Despite superficial similarity, clutchless manual transmission differ significantly in internal operation and driver's 'feel' from manumatics, the latter of which is an automatic transmission (automatics use a torque converter instead of clutch to manage the link between the engine and the transmission) with ability to signal shifts manually.
In 1984, Isuzu introduced the "NAVi5", a semi-automatic gearbox with electronically controlled hydraulics, for their domestic-market Aska. Initially available with an automatic mode only, the later incarnations added a manual mode. It was operated with an H-pattern shift lever, not a sequential lever or paddles popular in today’s cars.
The most famous application of a sequential transmission on road-cars would be their use in some Ferraris since the late-nineties, beginning with the F355 F1. Their system, the most current version of which is called "F1-Superfast," with shift times of 60 ms is designed to serve as a link to their Formula One efforts. This technology has also trickled down to the cars of their sister company, Maserati where it is known as "Cambiocorsa". Alfa Romeo's Selespeed in 1999 was the first sequential transmission in a mainstream car, derived from the Ferrari system.][
BMW offered a system simply called "sequential manual gearbox" (SMG) on the E36 M3, and later "SMG-II" on the E46 M3. The BMW SMG transmission has both automatic and manual shift modes. Inside the different modes there are different programmes, with six settings to control the upshift/downshift speed for manual operation, and five settings for automatic mode.
Later, the 3rd generation Toyota MR2 used Toyota's version, known as the "Sequential Manual Transmission" (SMT). Although it does not perform as well as the European-designed transmissions, Toyota's is the cheapest system to manufacture, and the MR2 is the least expensive car to possess a true sequential gearbox.][
Finally, Volkswagen Group (parent owner of Lamborghini) introduced a sequential transmission to the Lamborghini Gallardo (E gear), and then adding it to the Audi R8 (R tronic).
BMW has since switched over to a Getrag dual clutch transmission in the latest M3, and Ferrari as well in 2009 with the California and 458 Italia.
Not to be confused with Downshifting, the social trend.
Downshift is the name of three fictional characters in the Transformers universes. Bump
A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs, which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit torque, in most cases with teeth on the one gear of identical shape, and often also with that shape (or at least width) on the other gear. Two or more gears working in tandem are called a transmission and can produce a mechanical advantage through a gear ratio and thus may be considered a simple machine. Geared devices can change the speed, torque, and direction of a power source. The most common situation is for a gear to mesh with another gear; however, a gear can also mesh with a non-rotating toothed part, called a rack, thereby producing translation instead of rotation.
The gears in a transmission are analogous to the wheels in a crossed belt pulley system. An advantage of gears is that the teeth of a gear prevent slipping. Physics
Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of engineering, physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of engineering that involves the production and usage of heat and mechanical power for the design, production, and operation of machines and tools. It is one of the oldest and broadest engineering disciplines.
The engineering field requires an understanding of core concepts including mechanics, kinematics, thermodynamics, materials science, structural analysis, and electricity. Mechanical engineers use these core principles along with tools like computer-aided engineering, and product lifecycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices, weapons, and others. Mechanics<|endoftext|>Just Why Was Darwin there?
Anyone who navigates in the wild channels on the southwest coast of Chile or ventures near the bleak rockbound shores south of Tierra Del Fuego into the Beagle Channel must be struck by the profusion of British names given to hundreds of bays, promontories and distinctive features. For example, entering the Canal Cockburn near 55º S (the pilot warns to do so only in daylight in clear weather) you will find Cabo Gloucester, Bahia Euston, Bahia Laura and Bahia Otway. These names were given during surveys by the Royal Navy, which explored and charted the forbidding wastes starting about 1826. Ever suspicious of the French after the end of the Napoleonic wars in 1815, the Admiralty kept a large body of trained seamen on the books by engaging in a vast program of exploration of the world’s more remote places. One of the ships dispatched literally to the end of the earth to chart the desolate and wind-swept coast north of Cape Horn was the Beagle, destined, of course, to achieve lasting fame when its famous supernumerary, Charles Darwin, postulated the Theory of Evolution many years later. Incidentally, he also gave rise to Darwin Cordillera, Isla, Monte, Narrows and Paso on the charts. The seeds of the theory were first sown in Darwin’s mind by observations he made during his five-year cruise aboard the Beagle. But how Darwin came to be on the Beagle in the first place is a tantalizing mystery, and at least one explanation implies the world of science owes Darwin’s Theory to a rather unpleasant member of the local Yaghan Indian tribe nicknamed York Minster.
Four Indians wound up aboard the Beagle during its first cruise, 1826 to 1830. The skipper, Captain Stokes, had committed suicide and Captain Fitzroy was appointed in his place to complete the tour. Stokes is remembered by two Bahias, two Cabos, Monte, Ensenada, Punta and Surgidero (anchorage). Towards the end of the cruise Yaghan Indians stole the whaleboat which was vital for surveying the smaller bays and creeks inaccessible to the Beagle. Fitzroy made furious attempts to get it back, finally kidnapping the four Indians as bargaining chips. Unfortunately for Fitzroy, the Yaghans were a very primitive society with no chiefs and no concept of property. So there was really no one to bargain with and he never got the whaleboat back. At this stage he decided to take the natives back to England, his justification being that they could return in a few years speaking English, and trained in rudimentary agriculture so that the tribe could begin to lead a better life. Most important of all, for Fitzroy was deeply religious, they could become Christians. He argued the action could also help any sailors who might be shipwrecked on the coast in future years. The admiral commanding the South American station gave Fitzroy permission to transport them on a navy ship to England, all subsequent expenses to be borne by Fitzroy himself. It should be mentioned that Fitzroy was independently wealthy and came from a politically well connected family which traced its descent from an illegitimate child of Barbara Villiers, the powerful mistress of King Charles II.
On arrival in England in late 1830 one of the Indians contracted smallpox and died. The remaining three were packed off to a quiet village to receive an education in English and Christian values from two Church of England clergymen. Also keeping an eye on them was the coxswain of the Beagle, James Bennett, who doubtless kept Fitzroy briefed. News of the strange denizens of an unimaginably remote part of the world titillated London society and ultimately, in 1831, Fitzroy was commanded to bring them to an audience with King William and Queen Adelaide. The youngest of the Indians was a girl the sailors called Fuegia Basket, because she had originally been hauled up the side of the ship in a wicker basket. At that time she was about ten years old. Next to her in age was a young boy called Jemmy Button, so called because Fitzroy gave his father a mother-of -pearl button for him. Both Fuegia Basket and Jemmy were bright children who rapidly picked up a smattering of English and adapted quickly to the life into which they had been thrust. York Minster, by contrast, was probably in his twenties and was slow to learn, truculent and generally unhappy. Queen Adelaide was very taken by Fuegia Basket, she gave her a bonnet, a ring and some money. All the officers that were even remotely connected with the Beagle’s voyage were suitably honored by the royal attention.
After the audience things went downhill and the mystery begins: in the summer of 1831, less than a year after the Beagle‘s arrival, Fitzroy suddenly decided to take the Indians back to Patagonia, but why so quickly? As the Admiralty was not planning to send the Beagle back to South America for at least two years Fitzroy applied for a year’s leave of absence and hired a privately owned schooner to take the party back. This set him back about a thousand pounds, a substantial sum in those days. Riesenberg in his history of Cape Horn suggests that James Bennett caught Fuegia Basket and York Minster in flagrante delicto and communicated this Captain Firzroy. Just the news that the hulking York Minster was enjoying the favors of an underage girl would have been disastrous for Fitzroy’s career considering the royal interest. Worse, suppose she became pregnant? No wonder Fitzroy put together an expedition at lightning speed. This reason for Fitzroy’s haste is not supported by other historians
|
4 | 3 | 3 |
ists have observed the spectrum of hydrogen, of calcium, etc., in their laboratories, and have compared the bright lines visible in the spectra with the dark ones in the stars, and on this ground they have announced the discovery of calcium in the sun or of hydrogen in Sirius.
In all this work they have taken for granted that in the spectrum thus produced in their laboratories, they have been dealing with the vibration of one unique thing, call it atom, molecule, or what you will; that one unique thing has by its vibrations produced all the lines visible, which they have persistently seen and mapped in each instance.
It is at this point that my recent work comes in, and raises the question whether what has been thus taken for granted is really true. And now that the question is raised, the striking thing about it is that it was not asked long ago.
One reason is this: Time out of mind—or, rather, ever since Nicolas Le Fèvre, who was sent over here by the French King at the request of our English one at the time the Royal Society was established, pointed out that chemistry was the art of separations as well as of transmutations—it has been recognized that, with every increase of temperature, or dissociating power, bodies were separated from each other. In this way Priestley, from his "plomb rouge," separated oxygen, and Davy separated potassium; and as a final result of the labor of generations of chemists, the millionfold chemical complexity of natural bodies in the three kingdoms of nature has been reduced by separations till only some seventy so-called elements are left.
Now this magnificent simplification has been brought about by the employment of moderate temperatures—moderate, that is to say, in comparison with the transcendental dissociating energies of electricity as employed in our modern voltaic arcs and electric sparks.
But, in the observations made during the last thirty years on the spectra of bodies rendered incandescent by electricity, we have actually, though yet scarcely consciously, been employing these transcendental temperatures, and, if it be that this higher grade of heat does what all other lower grades have done, then the spectrum we have observed in each case is not the record of the vibrations of the particular substance with which we have imagined ourselves to be working only, but of all the simpler substances produced by the series, whether short or long, of the "separations" effected.
The question, then, it will be seen, is an appeal to the law of continuity, nothing more and nothing less. Is a temperature higher than any yet applied to act in the same way as each higher temperature, which has been applied, has done? Or is there to be some unexplained break in the uniformity of nature's processes?
The definite reason for my asking the question at the present time has been this: The final reduction of four years' work at a special branch of the subject to which I will refer presently, on the assumption that at the temperature of the electric arc we do not get such "simplifications," has landed me in the most helpless confusion, and, if I do not succeed in finding a higher law than that on which I have been working, my four years' work, in this direction at all events, will have been thrown away.
This and other reasons compel me to hold that the answer to the question put is, that what has been taken for granted is, in all probability, not true. But before I proceed to give the reasons for the faith that is in me I must, at the risk of being both technical and tedious when I should wish to be neither, lead up to the understanding of them.
The spectroscope, however simple or complex it may be, is an instrument which allows us to observe the image of the slit through which the light enters it, in the most perfect manner. If the light contains rays of every wave-length, then the images formed by each will be so close together that the spectrum will be continuous, that is, without break. If the light contains only certain wave-lengths, then we shall get certain, and not all, of the possible images of the slit, and the spectrum will be discontinuous.
Again, if we have an extremely complex light-source, let us say a solid and a mixture of gases giving us light, and we allow the light to enter, so to speak, indiscriminately into the spectroscope, then in each part of the spectrum we shall get a summation—a complex record—of the light of the same wave-length proceeding from all the different light-waves. But if by means of a lens we form an image of the light source, so that each particular part shall be impressed in its proper place on the slit-plate, then in the spectrum the different kinds of light will be sorted out.
There is a simple experiment which shows clearly the different results obtained. If we observe the light of a candle with the spectroscope in the ordinary manner, that is, by placing the candle in front of the slit at some little distance from it, we see a band of color—a continuous spectrum—and in one particular part of the band we see a yellow line, and occasionally in the green and in the blue parts of the band other lines are observable. Now, if we throw an image of the candle on to the slit—the slit being horizontal and the image of the candle vertical—we then get three perfectly distinct spectra. We find that the interior of the candle, that is the blue part (best observed at the bottom of the candle), gives us one spectrum, the white part gives us another, while on the outside of the candle, so faint as to be almost invisible to the eye, there is a region which gives us a perfectly distinct spectrum with a line in the yellow. In this way there is no difficulty whatever in determining the coexistence of three light-sources, each with its proper spectrum, in the light of a common candle.
We see in a moment that much the same condition of affairs will be brought about if, instead of using a candle, we use an electric arc, in which the pure vapor of the substance which is being rendered incandescent fills the whole interval between the poles, the number of particles and degree of incandescence being smaller at the sides of the arc. We can throw an image of such an horizontal arc on a vertical slit; the slit will give then the spectrum of a section of the arc at right angles to its length. The vapor which exists farthest from the core of the arc has a much more simple spectrum than that of the core of the arc itself. The spectrum of the core consists of a large number of lines, all of which die out until the part of it farthest from the center gives but one line.
In this way the spectrum of each substance furnishes us with long and short lines, the long lines being common to the more and less intensely heated parts of the arc, and the short lines special to the more heated one. This is the first step.
It has been necessary to enter thus at length into the origin of the terms long and short lines, because almost all the subsequent work which need be referred to now has had for its object the investigation of the phenomena presented by them under different conditions. The first results obtained were as follows:
1. When a metallic vapor was subjected to admixture with another gas or vapor, or to reduced pressure, I found that its spectrum became simplified by the abstraction of the shortest lines and by the thinning of many of the remaining ones. To obtain reduction of pressure, the metals were inclosed in tubes in which a partial vacuum was produced. In all these experiments it was found that the longest lines invariably remained visible longest.
2. When we use metals chemically combined with a metalloid—in other words, when we pass from a metal to one of its salts (I used chlorine)—only the longest lines of the metal remain. The number is large in the case of elements of low atomic weight, and small In the case of elements of high atomic weight, and of twice the atom-fixing power of hydrogen.
3. When we use metals mechanically mixed, only the longest lines of the smallest constituent remain. On this point I must enlarge somewhat by referring to a series of experiments recorded in the "Philosophical Transactions" (1873).
A quantity of the larger constituent, generally from five to ten grammes, was weighed out, the weighing being accurate to the fraction of a milligramme; and the requisite quantity of the smaller constituent was calculated to give, when combined, a mixture of a definite percentage composition by weight (this being more easily obtainable than a percentage composition by volume).
The quantities generally chosen were 10, 5, 1, and 0·1 per cent.
In a few cases, with metals known to have very delicate spectral reactions, a mixture of 0·01 per cent, was prepared.
Observations were then made of the spectrum of each specimen, and the result was recorded in maps in the following manner: First, the pure spectrum of the smallest constituent was observed, and the lines laid down from Thalén's map.
The series thus mapped was as follows:
The observations showed that the lines of the smallest constituent disappeared as the quantity got less. Although we had here the germs of a quantitative spectrum analysis, the germs only were present, because from the existence of several "critical points," and great variations due to other causes, the results obtained were not constant.
In a subsequent research on the gold-copper alloys used in the coinage, Mr. Roberts, the Chemist of the Mint, and myself were able to show that the shortening in the length of the lines by reduced quantity was such a definite physical effect following upon reduced quantity, that a difference of 10000 part of copper in gold could be detected.
We are now in possession of the facts utilized in the work which has led up to the subject discussed in the present paper.
They have been utilized along two perfectly distinct lines of thought:
(1) They have been used in an attempt to enable us to produce a spectrum of a substance free from lines due to the impurities which are almost always present.
(2) They have been used to indicate the existence and amount of dissociation when acknowledged compounds have been submitted to the action of different and increasing temperatures.
I will deal with (1) first.
The elimination of impurity lines is conducted as follows: The spectrum of the element is first confronted with the spectra of the substances most likely to be present to impurities. This is most conveniently done by photographing the spectra on the same plate one above the other, so that common lines are continuous.
The retention or rejection of lines coincident in two or more spectra is determined by observing in which spectrum the line is thickest; where several elements are mapped at once, all their spectra are confronted on the same plate, as by this means the presence of one of the substances as an impurity in the others can be at once detected.
Lines due to impurities, if any are thus traced, are marked for omission from the map and their true sources recorded, while any line that is observed to vary in length and thickness in the various photographs is at once suspected to be an impurity line, and if traced to such is likewise marked for omission. I give a case.
The two lines H and K (3933 and 3968), assigned both to iron and calcium by Ångström, are proved to belong to calcium in the following way:
a. The lines are well represented in the spectrum of commercial wrought iron, but are absolutely coincident with two thick lines in the spectrum of calcium chloride with which the iron spectrum was confronted.
b. The lines are represented by mere traces in the spectrum of a specimen of pure iron prepared by the late Dr. Matthiessen. Both poles of the lamp were of iron, the lower pole consisting of an ingot of the metal which had been cast in a lime-mold.
c. The lines are altogether absent in a photograph of pure iron, where both poles of the lamp were of the pure metal not cast in lime, and they are likewise absent in a photograph of the spectrum of the Lenarto meteorite.
By eliminating lines due to impurities in the manner just described, a spectrum is at length obtained, of which every line is assignable to the particular element photographed, the same temperature being employed in the case of all the elements observed.
With regard to the second line of work, I should commence by stating that from a beautiful series of researches carried on by several methods, Mitscherlich concluded in 1864 that every compound of the first order, heated to a temperature adequate for the production of light, is not decomposed, hut exhibits a spectrum peculiar to this compound.
In some experiments of my own, communicated to the Royal Society in 1873, I observed:
First. That whether the spectra of iodides, bromides, etc, be observed in the flame or a weak spark, only the longest lines of the metals are visible, showing that only a small quantity of the simple metal is present as a result of partial dissociation, and that by increasing the temperature, and consequently the amount of dissociation, the other lines of the metal appear in the order of their length with each rise of temperature.
Secondly. I convinced myself that while in air, after the first application of heat, the spectra and metallic lines are in the main the same, in hydrogen the spectra are different for each compound, and true metallic lines are represented according to the volatility of the compound, only the very longest lines being visible in the spectrum of the least volatile compound.
Thirdly. I found that with a considerable elevation of temperature the spectrum of the compound faded almost into invisibility.
These results enable us to make the following statement:
A compound body, such as a salt of calcium, has as definite a spectrum as that given by the so-called elements; but while the spectrum of the metallic element itself consists of lines, the number and thickness of some of which increase with increased quantity, the spectrum of the compound consists in the main of channeled spaces and bands, which increase in like manner.
In short, the molecules of a simple body and a compound one are affected in the same manner by quantity in so far as their spectra are concerned; in other words, both spectra have their long and short lines, the lines in the spectrum of the element being represented by bands or fluted lines in the spectrum of the compound; and in each case the greatest simplicity of the spectrum depends upon the smallest quantity, and the greatest complexity upon the greatest.
The heat required to act upon such a compound as a salt of calcium, so as to render its spectrum visible, dissociates the compound according to its volatility; the number of true metallic lines which thus appear is a measure of the quantity of the metal resulting from the dissociation, and as the metal lines increase in number, the compound bands thin out.
These results bring us face to face with the subject-matter of the recent work.
First with regard to impurity elimination. I find that, although the method is good for detecting and eliminating impurities, there are still short-line coincidences between metals which are pure.
This "higher law" has come out in the following manner:
For the last four years I have been engaged upon the preparation of a map of the solar spectrum on a large scale, the work including a comparison of the Fraunhofer lines with those visible in the spectrum of the vapor of each of the metallic elements in the electric arc.
To give an idea of the thoroughness of the work, at all events in intention, I may state that the complete spectrum of the sun, on the scale of the working map, will be half a furlong long; that to map the metallic lines and purify the spectra in the manner described, more than 100,000 observations have been made and about 2,000 photographs taken.
In some of these photographs we have vapors compared with the sun; in others vapors compared with each other; and others again have been taken to show which lines are long and which are short in the spectra.
A rigorous application of the system of impurity elimination formed, of course, a large part of the work.
The final reduction of the photographs of all the metallic elements in the region 39-40—a reduction I began in the early part of last year—summarized all the observations of metallic spectra compared with the Fraunhofer lines accumulated during the whole period of observation, and all the results of the impurity elimination.
Now this reduction has shown me that the hypothesis that identical lines in different spectra are due to impurities is not sufficient. I show in detail in the paper the hopeless confusion in which I have been landed.
I find short-line coincidences between many metals the impurities of which have been eliminated, or in which the freedom from mutual impurity has been demonstrated by the absence of the longest lines.
The explanation of this result on the hypothesis that the elements are elementary does not lie on the surface, but it does on the assumption that they are compounds and behave like them.
This is the first point. We now pass from the results brought about at the same temperature with different substances to those observed at different temperatures with the same substance.
I find that when the temperature is greatly varied, the elements behave spectroscopically exactly as compound bodies do, as we have already seen. New lines are developed with increasing temperatures, and others fade in precisely the same way as the metallic lines made their appearance in the salts at the expense of the latter, which faded too.
In short, the observations and reasoning which I formerly employed to show how acknowledged compounds behaved in the spectroscope are now seen to indicate the compound nature of the chemical elements themselves.
In a paper communicated to the Royal Society in 1874, referring, among other matters, to the reversal of some lines in the solar spectrum, I remarked:
It is obvious that greater attention will have to be given to the precise character as well as to the position of each of the Fraunhofer lines, in the thickness of which I have already observed several anomalies. I may refer more particularly at present to the two H lines 3933 and 3968 belonging to calcium, which are much thicker in all photographs of the solar spectrum (I might have added that they were by far the thickest lines in the solar spectrum) than the largest calcium line of this region (4226·3), this latter being invariably thicker than the H lines in all photographs of the calcium spectrum, and remaining, moreover, visible in the spectrum of substances containing calcium in such small quantities as not to show any traces of the H lines.
How far this and similar variations between photographic records and the solar spectrum are due to causes incident to the photographic record itself, or to variations in the intensities of the various molecular vibrations under solar and terrestrial conditions, are questions which up to the present time I have been unable to discuss.
The progress of the work has shown that the differences here indicated are not exceptions, but are truly typical when the minute anatomy of the solar spectrum is studied.
Kirchhoff, indeed, as early as 1869 seems to have got a glimpse of the same thing, for in his memorable paper, which may justly be regarded as the basis of all subsequent work, he is careful to state that the sixty iron lines in the sun, to which he referred, only agree "as a rule" in intensity with those observed in the electric spark. Those who have given an account of his work have not always been so cautious. Indeed, I find Professor Roscoe running far beyond the record in the following sentence:
In order to map and determine the positions of the bright lines found in the electric spectra of the various metals, Kirchhoff, as I have already stated, employed the dark lines in the solar spectrum as his guides. Judge of his astonishment when he observed that dark solar lines occur in positions connected with those of all the bright iron lines! Exactly as the sodium lines were identical with Fraunhofer's lines, so for each of the iron lines, of which Kirchhoff and
|
4 | 4 | 0 |
: پژوهشکده بیمه.
– بِک، اولریش (۱۳۹۷)، جامعه خطر به سوی مدرنیته ای نوین، ترجمه رضا فاضل و مهدی فرهمند نژاد، چاپ اول، تهران: نشر ثالث.
– بِک، اولریش (۱۳۹۵)، جامعه شناسی کار (دنیای شگفت انگیز کار در مدرنیته باز اندیشانه)، ترجمه سعید صادقی جقه و آیت نباتی حصار، تهران: انتشارات جامعه شاسان.
– توسلی، غلام عباس و وداد هیر، ابوعلی (۱۳۸۷)، مناسبات دانش و سیاست در یک جامعه مخاطره آمیز: تأملی جامعه شناختی برشکل گیری جوامع مخاطره آمیز نظارتی در عصر حاضر، مجله جامعه شناسی ایران، دوره دهم، شماره ۴ ، زمستان، ۴۲-۲۲.
– حبیبی، احسان الله (۱۳۹۱)، ایمنی کاربردی و شاخص های عملکرد در صنعت، تهران: فن آوری.
– دنی، دیوید (۱۳۹۳)، ریسک و جامعه، ترجمه صالح کاشانی محمدی،چاپ اول تهران: پژوهشکده بیمه.
– راعی، رضا و سعیدی، علی (۱۳۹۶) مبانی مهندسی عالی و مدیریت ریسک، چاپ ۱۱، تهران: سمت.
– رزاقی، حمید (۱۳۹۹)، یک مطالعه کیفی درباب برداشت مطلعین از ادراک شهرنشینان از ریسک های محیطی شهرتهران، رساله دکتری جامعه شناسی، دانشگاه تهران.
– صالحی، صادق و پازوکی نژاد، زهرا (۱۳۹۶)، جامعه و تغییر آب و هوا، تهران: پژوهشگاه فرهنگ، هنر و ارتباطات.
– عسگری زاده، زهرا و همکاران (۱۳۹۴)، بررسی تحلیل مدل تجربی رفتارهای کاهش خطر زلزله خانوارهای شهر تهران، جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی، شماره پانزدهم، پاییز، ۵۹-۳۹.
– عسگری زاده، زهرا و همکاران (۱۳۹۶)، بررسی نقش ادراک ریسک مردم بر رفتارهای کاهش ریسک زلزله در شهر تهران، دو فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی مدیریت بحران، شماره ۱۲، ۶۸-۵۷.
– عنبری، موسی (۱۳۹۳)، جامعه شناسی فاجعه کندوکاوی علمی پیرامون حوادث و سوانح ایران، چاپ اول، تهران : انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.
– کاکانی، حجت الله و همکاران (۱۳۹۶)، ارزیابی ریسک با روش ویلیام فاین در پالایشگاه گاز ایلام در سال ۱۳۹۱، مجله علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، دوره ۲۵، شماره۶، اسفند.
– کمشال، هیزل (۱۳۹۱)، جامعه شناسی ریسک (ریسک، سیاست اجتماعی و رفاه)، ترجمه مهرداد نوابخش و همکاران، تهران: بهمن آرا.
– گیدنز، آنتونی (۱۳۷۹)، جهان رها شده ، ترجمه علی اصغر سعیدی و یوسف حاجی عبدالوهاب ، چاپ اول ، تهران: نشر علم و ادب.
– گیدنز، آنتونی (۱۳۹۵)، جهان لغزنده است، ترجمه علی عطاران، چاپ اول، تهران: بنگاه ترجمه و چاپ و نشر پارسه.
– Beck, U.(1992) Rick Society, London: Sage.
– Beck, U.(1996) The Reinvenention of Politics: Rethinking Modrenity in the Global Social Order: Cambridge : Polity Peress.
– Beck, U., Giddens, A. and Lash, S. (1994) Reflexive Modernization :Cambridge: Polity.
-Ghiddens, Antony (1999) Runway Word: How Globalisation Is Reshaping Our Lives, London Profic Books.
– Rittichainuwat, B. N.(2013) Tiurisis and tourism supplievs, perceptions toward crisis management on tsunami, Tourism Management, 34,121-112.
-Zelizer,Viviana (1987),, Human Vallues and the Market: The Case of Life Insurance and 19- Century American Death in journal of Sociology 84 , 591-610.<|endoftext|>در حال بازپرداخت موارد Covid-19 ، یک بازار محکم هند در برابر سرنوشت جهانی و انتخاب سالم در فعالیت های اقتصادی به سرمایه گذاران می دهد ، اوراق بهادار محور احساس می کند
اوراق بهادار محور در تاریخ 9 نوامبر گزارش استراتژی چند دارایی خود را برای اکتبر 2022 منتشر کرد ، که می گوید این شرکت احساس می کند چرخش سبک "کلیدی" است و اضافه کردن سهام برای طولانی مدت-در صورت عدم تخصیص-راهی برای پیشبرد است.
در اینجا آنچه خدمات مالی در انواع دارایی توصیه می کند ، آورده شده است.
اعتدال در موارد COVID-19
طبق گزارش ، اعتدال در موارد COVID-19 در اکتبر 2022 ، در مقایسه با ماه های گذشته ادامه یافت."اعتدال در ظهور موارد COVID-19 در اکتبر 2022 مشاهده شد ، و این امر باعث تسکین بسیار مورد نیاز در برابر Covid 4. 0 پیش بینی شده بود."
این گزارش اعتبار واکسیناسیون در مقیاس بزرگ دولت را که سرعت آن را انتخاب کرده و از تاریخ 4 نوامبر برای تعدیل Covid 3. 0 و اطمینان از "اکثریت جمعیت در حال واکسینه شدن" است ، به نقطه عطف 219. 6 رسید.
داستانهای مرتبط
به گفته وی: "فعالیت های اقتصادی هند در حال افزایش حرکت است ... و در دوره جشن احیا شده است."
مجموعه GST در سطوح بالاتر نگهداری می شود
در این گزارش آمده است که شاخص های با فرکانس بالا مانند مجموعه های مالیات کالاها و خدمات (GST) به دلیل افزایش تحرک خرده فروشی و تفریحی در سطوح بالاتر نگهداری می شوند. مجموعه GST برای اکتبر 2022 در 1. 51 لخ کرور ایستاده بود-بالاتر از سطح پیش از ارزش گذاری-اما در زیر مجموعه های عالی تمام وقت در آوریل 2022.
در این گزارش آمده است: "بدین ترتیب این 15 ماه متوالی بالاتر از علامت Crore-Lakh-Crore باقی مانده است-نشانه ای دلگرم کننده از نظر جمع آوری مالیات دولت و وضعیت کلی مالی."
در این گزارش آمده است که فعالیت های اقتصادی در اکتبر 2022 سرعت خود را ادامه داده است ، اما با برخی اعتدال که به طور متوالی در صورتحساب و تقاضای انرژی به دلیل بخش خارجی دیده می شود.
وی گفت: "حتی با وجود بخش خارجی نرم تر ، تقاضای داخلی دلگرم کننده است. تولید برق در سپتامبر 2022 رشد 0. 5 درصد در اکتبر 22 را به همراه داشت زیرا شور و شوق به فصل جشن ادامه دارد و منجر به انتخاب سایر فعالیت های اقتصادی می شود. "
سایر مشاهدات کلیدی که ذکر شده است عبارتند از:
-صورتحساب های الکترونیکی در 7. 7 کرور در اکتبر 2022 بالاتر از میانگین پیش از ارزش گذاری بود و این نشانگر ادامه فعالیت های اقتصادی است.
- علیرغم فشار تورمی پس از سقوط در سپتامبر 2022 ، خدمات PMI در اکتبر 2022 به 55. 1 افزایش یافت و حاکی از تقاضای داخلی با شروع فصل جشنواره است.
-رشد اعتبار غیر غذایی به تدریج از چند ماه گذشته انتخاب می شود و رشد دلگرم کننده 15. 7 درصد در سپتامبر 2022 را به خود اختصاص داده است.
- وانت سالم در بخش های خدمات و کشاورزی مشاهده شد.
سهام - شاخص دلار ، درآمد برای هدایت بازار
Axis Securities خاطرنشان كرد كه بازار هند طی دو ماه گذشته تاب آوری نشان داده و به لطف "چشم انداز قوی و بهتر اقتصادی نسبت به سایر بازارهای نوظهور" از بازارهای مهم جهانی بهتر عمل می كند.
این نکته خاطرنشان كرد كه Nifty50 از گذشته Diwali 1 درصد افزایش داشته است ، در حالی كه شاخص های S& P 500 و بازار نوظهور به ترتیب 16 درصد و 31 درصد سقوط كرده اند.
پس از یک سپتامبر بی ثبات و مختلط ، Nifty50 در 31 اکتبر 18،000 علامت خود را بازیابی و پس گرفت و از مضامین داخلی و مضامین چرخه ای محور حمایت کرد.
این گزارش پیش بینی می کند که بازار هند در کوتاه مدت همچنان از درآمد Q2FY23 و داده های کلان اقتصادی پیروی کند ، در حالی که به دلیل چشم انداز قوی اقتصادی خود ، احتمالاً از بازار جهانی نسبت به میان مدت تا بلند مدت بهتر عمل می کند.
وی گفت: "ما با ارزیابی آن در 20 برابر درآمد FY24 در مقابل 22 برابر ، هدف خود را در مارس 2023 به 18400 حفظ می کنیم. ما به سرمایه گذاران توصیه می کنیم نقدینگی خوبی (10 درصد) برای استفاده از DIP ها در بازار به صورت مرحله ای برای ایجاد موقعیت در شرکت های با کیفیت (جایی که دید درآمد بسیار زیاد است) با افق سرمایه گذاری 12-18 ماه حفظ کنند. "گفت
درآمد ثابت
این گزارش خاطرنشان می کند ، افزایش نرخ کمیته سیاست های پولی هند به نرخ بهره با بار پیشانی برای مقابله با فشارهای تورمی کلان اقتصادی ، افزایش قیمت نفت و کالاها انجام شد.
وی گفت: "ما ممکن است انتظار افزایش بیشتر در MPC های آینده را داشته باشیم زیرا نرخ ترمینال در بیانیه سیاست سپتامبر 2022 برجسته نمی شود. با این حال ، کوانتوم پیاده روی ممکن است کمتر از جریان فعلی باشد. بازار همچنان به نظارت بر افزایش قیمت های نفت خام و کالا ، جهت دلار و تغییر سیاست های جهانی در کوتاه مدت ادامه خواهد داد. ما همچنین معتقدیم که منحنی عملکرد بیشتر به جلو می رود و پایان کوتاه تر عملکرد در H2FY23 نسبت به پایان بالاتر عملکرد بالاتر می رود. "
این گزارش خاطرنشان کرد که پایان بالاتر بازدهی به دلیل عادی سازی سیاست ها، انتظارات تورمی بالاتر و برنامه استقراض بالاتر دولت برای سال مالی 23 محتاطانه باقی می ماند. در این بیانیه آمده است: «ما یک رویکرد کیفیت را برای اوراق قرضه با مقداری قرار گرفتن در معرض غیر AAA بر اساس ریسک پذیری توصیه می کنیم.
طلا، بهترین عملکرد طبقه دارایی در 10 ماه اول سال 2022
طلا به عنوان یک طبقه دارایی، از 24 فوریه 22 به دلیل بحران ژئوپلیتیک غالب، افزایش انتظارات تورمی و افزایش قیمت نفت و کالاها، از نوسانات بالا در بازار سهام بهره مند شده است. این تحولات کلان عملکرد حقوق صاحبان سهام را به عنوان یک طبقه دارایی محدود میکند و احتمالاً تنها پس از تثبیت نوسانات در سطح پایینتر برای مدت طولانیتری، جهت روشنی ظاهر میشود.
تا آن زمان، طلا همچنان نسبت به سایر طبقات دارایی برتری خواهد داشت. در این گزارش آمده است، زیرا ریسک کاهش سرعت بر بازار ایالات متحده افزایش مییابد که ناشی از انتظارات افزایش نرخ بهره است.»
Axis Securities بیان میکند که بر اساس توسعه اقتصاد کلان فعلی، طلا تا زمانی که ابهامات در مورد بحران روسیه اوکراین از بین نرود و به جذب سرمایهگذاریها به عنوان پوششی اثبات شده در برابر سایر طبقات دارایی ادامه دهد، به عنوان طبقه دارایی ترجیحی ادامه خواهد داد. در ادامه این بیانیه آمده است: «ما به موضع خنثی خود در قبال طلا ادامه میدهیم و استراتژی «خرید روی کاهش» را توصیه میکنیم.
ارز، روپیه عملکرد نسبتا خوبی دارد
در حالی که در این گزارش اشاره شده است که نوسانات ارز هند در اکتبر 2022 ادامه داشته است که منجر به تقویت دلار می شود. علاوه بر این، در هفته اول 22 نوامبر، فدرال رزرو ایالات متحده نرخ را 75 واحد در ثانیه افزایش داد (بر روی خط مورد انتظار)، اما لحن کلی این بود که فضای بیشتری برای تقویت دلار در آینده ایجاد می کند.
از ژانویه 2022، ارز هند عملکرد خوبی داشته است و در برابر سایر ارزهای بازارهای نوظهور چین، لهستان و مجارستان پایدار بوده است. این در درجه اول به دلیل ذخیره ارز خارجی بالاتر، چشم انداز رشد قوی و ثبات اقتصاد کلان بود.<|endoftext|>From very early ages, children notice differences in race and other aspects of identity. As they get older, they experience and notice the role of race and identity in society. Naturally, questions and discussions about race and identity come up in the classroom.
To support teachers in addressing these questions, we are working with educators and families to define instruction on race and identity in our schools. In January and February 2018, over 200 family members, staff and students gave input at community meetings, and a few schools piloted race and identity instruction in the 2018-19 school year.
This year, we are working to develop a systemwide approach to instruction on race and identity, starting with our pilot schools: Hazel Valley, Marvista, McMicken Heights, and Mount View elementary schools. At these schools, staff work together to support their own learning first and then work with students, guided by content in the Social Justice Standards from Teaching Tolerance.
Join us for a race and identity stakeholder input session. Participants will learn about the work to date and contribute community voice to the work moving forward. The meeting will be open-house style; participants can drop by for any portion of the session that is convenient. Interpretation services will be provided.
Wednesday, October 30, 5:30-7:30 p.m.
Central Office Board Room<|endoftext|>Eritre’den, Etiyopya’dan, Sudan’dan, Somali, Gana, Liberya ve talan edilmiş Afrika kıtasının dört bir yanından göçmenler… Simsarlar hepsini toplayıp, denize açılmaya elverişli olmayan gemilere bindiriyor ve denizin derinliklerine gönderiyorlar.
“Ani bir hastalık sonucu yolculardan iki kişi öldü. Yedinci güne kadar cesetleri güvertede kaldı. Yedinci günün akşamı motorun çalışacağına ve yardımın geleceğine dair ümitler kaybolunca onları suya attılar. Ertesi sabah cesetleri geminin etrafında yüzüyordu.
Fırtına bulutları bir kez daha gemiyi kuşatmış, dalgalar bir saat boyunca acımasızca geminin gövdesini dövmüştü. Yağmur durmadan, dinlenmeden yağıyordu. Delik tekrar açılmış, Maluk’un tüm çabasına rağmen sular şiddetle içeri dolmaya başlamıştı. Geminin batmasından dört gün önce yani on sekizinci günde yolcular birer birer açlık ve susuzluğun kurbanı olmaya başladılar. Güneşin batmasından sabahın alaca karanlığına kadar yirmi kişi can çekişip günün doğmasıyla birlikte de ruhlarını teslim ettiler.”
Ebubekir Hamit Kehhal: Eritreli hikâye yazarı. Libya’da ikamet ediyor. Uzun yıllar “Eritre Özgürlük Cephesi” üyesi olarak görev yaptı. Etiyopya ihtilâlına karşı özgürlük savaşına katıldı. İki hikâyesi var: “Silah Kokusu” ve “ Berkantiya: Bilge Kadının Toprağı”<|endoftext|>南宫烈欲出口的话，在她愤怒的目光下，渐渐滚落喉间。
他倏尔无奈失笑，伸出手要抚下她的长发，却被夏蓝一巴掌拍了开，“少套近乎！”
“好吧，”他耸了耸肩，坦白道，“老实说，我...
不再显示订阅提醒，自动订阅下一章<|endoftext|>Most people who live in Kentucky have probably heard about whiplash. Sometimes this condition is the subject of jokes, but the reality is that it is far from a joking matter as the pain and physical limitations associated with a whiplash injury can have a bit impact on a person’s daily life.
As indicated by the Mayo Clinic, a motor vehicle accident in which a person is hit from behind is the most common scenario from which whiplash occurs. It is common for some people to recover from a whiplash experience fully, but it is also possible for someone to be left with long-term, chronic pain or other symptoms after experiencing a whiplash event.
Many people think that when they have whiplash, they have a sprain in their neck, but WebMD indicates that this is not the case. A sprain results when the ligaments that hold bones together are torn. In whiplash, the ligaments are not affected. Instead, whiplash involves the tendons that hold muscles to the bones or the muscles themselves. One or both of these things are strained, not sprained, in a whiplash injury.
Some symptoms of whiplash may not be things that one might automatically associate with a neck injury. These include numbness or tingling that is felt through the arms, fatigue or even the feeling of being dizzy. Other, more recognizable symptoms include a reduced ability to move the neck to one or both sides as well as pain, slight tenderness or stiffness through the neck area.<|endoftext|>ekşi sözlük kullanıcılarıyla mesajlaşmak ve yazdıkları entry'leri
takip etmek için giriş yapmalısın.
hesabın var mı? giriş yap
arka sokaklar s06e23
-
45 bölüm izle 1 ay bekle, nasıl dayanacağız bilmiyorum.
en iyisi spoiler manyağı olmadan kitaplarını bitirmek bir an önce.
ilber ortaylı'nın nevşin mengü'yü fırçalaması
-
fırçalama değil, düzeltmedir. nevşin'i de dezenformasyon konusunda kibarca uyarmıştır. programı baştan sona izledim.
öncelikle "almanya tarihinden ders almış bir ülkedir" diyenler 90'larda yakılan türk evlerini hatırlasın.
gelelim konuya.
türkiye'deki çerkeslerin dilinin yaşaması devletten önce, çerkeslerin sorumluluğunda diyor adam ki haklı. söylediği şey mantıklı, daha çocukluktan ana dilini öğretemezsen yeni jenerasyona, dilin tabii ki kaybolur.
nevşin'in iddia ettiği gibi asimilasyon ciddi bir
|
4 | 4 | 1 |
. Mg (1-2%) is present in dolomite as is the Sr (0.3-0.5%). Al (0.3-0.5%) and Na (0.2-0.3%) are presumably present in clay minerals. These chemical data are consistent with the mineralogical findings.
Summary and Conclusions
Petrographic, x-ray and chemical study of two samples of Giza limestone (G1 and G2) has shown that G1 is an essentially pure calcite microcrystalline allochemical limestone containing intraclasts of microcrystalline limestone, casts of gastropods and fragmented brachiopods and concentrically banded oolites up to several mm in diameter. Numerous vugs contain authigenic calcite crystals up to 0.5 mm in diameter. G2 was found to be a non-fossiliferous microcrystalline limestone containing roughly 3% or less dolomite [MgCa(CO3)2], quartz [SiO2] and clay minerals (possibly kaolinite [Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4] and montmorillonite [(Mg,Ca)Al2Si(Si4O10)(OH)8]). The mineralogy of G1 and G2 as derived from powder x-ray examination is supported by the emission spectrographic analysis.
|Element||Sample #1||Sample #2|
1. A. Fakhry, The Pyramids (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1974).
2. Selim Hassan, Excavations at Giza (Cairo, 1934).
3. L. W. Alvarez, "One Researcher's Personal Account," Adventures in Experimental Physics (World Science Communications, Princeton, New Jersey, 1972).
4. L. W. Alvarez et al., "Search for Hidden Chambers in the Pyramids," Science, Vol. 167, pp. 832-839 (6 February 1970).
5. G. Alexander, "No Secret Room Found in Pyramid," The Los Angeles Times (April 22, 1974).
6. L. T. Dolphin, R. L. Bollen, and G. N. Oetzel, "An Underground Electromagnetic Sounder Experiment," Geophysics, Vol. 39, No. 1 (February 1974).
7. P. Tompkins, Secrets of the Great Pyramid (Harper & Row, San Francisco and New York City, 1971).
8. I.E.S. Edwards, The Pyramids of Egypt (Penguin Books, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England, 1947, Rev. 1961).
9. K. Mendelssohn, "A Scientist Looks at the Pyramids," American Scientist, Vol. 59, pp. 210-220 (1971).
10. K. Mendelssohn, "The Riddle of the Pyramids" (Thames and Hudson, Cambridge, England, 1974).
11. A. Hassan, "Hieroglyphic Inscriptions on the Third Pyramid." In press.
12. K. Landecker and K. S. Imrie, "A Novel Type of High Power Pulse Transmitter," Australian J. Phys., Vol. 13, p. 638 (1960).
13. M. W. Hellar, Jr., and W. G. Holter, "A Transmission Line Oscillatory Pulse Generator," Proc. Nat. Electronics Conf., Vol. IX, National Electronics Conference, Inc., Chicago, 1954.
14. R. W. Samsel, "Pulse Generator," U.S. Patent No. 2,792,508 (1967).
15. G. C. Rose and R. S. Vickers, "Calculated and Experimental Response
of Resistively Loaded V Antennas to Impulsive Excitation," Int. J. Electronics,
Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 261-271 (1974).
spelling and punctuation checked 28July02 RPS<|endoftext|>Migrants and the Making of America: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of Immigration during the Age of Mass Migration
We study the effects of European immigration to the United States during the Age of Mass Migration (1850-1920) on economic prosperity today. We exploit variation in the extent of immigration across counties arising from the interaction of fluctuations in aggregate immigrant flows and the gradual expansion of the railway network across the United States. We find that locations with more historical immigration today have higher incomes, less poverty, less unemployment, higher rates of urbanization, and greater educational attainment. The long-run effects appear to arise from the persistence of sizeable short-run benefits, including greater industrialization, increased agricultural productivity, and more innovation.
You may purchase this paper on-line in .pdf format from SSRN.com ($5) for electronic delivery.
Supplementary materials for this paper:
Document Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3386/w23289
Published: Sandra Sequeira & Nathan Nunn & Nancy Qian, 2017. "Migrants and the Making of America: The Shortand Long-Run Effects of Immigration During the Age of Mass Migration," ifo DICE Report, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 15(3), pages 30-34, October.
Users who downloaded this paper also downloaded* these:<|endoftext|>In 1859, the energy and thoughts were devoted to improving the lives of the people in the areas of intellectual, political, and economic development through education. This means effective to change the mindset of society. Ahmad khan look backward Muslims in India because they do not keep track of the time. Classical civilization has been lost which then arose a new civilization in the west. The basis of a new civilization in the form of science and technology. This is the main reason for the progress and strength of the west.
According to Ahmad Khan, the only way to change the mindset of the Indian Muslims backwardness is education. With these thoughts arise brilliant ideas is to establish educational institutions and ultimately the institution until the institution (MAOC) continues to grow in 1920 after upgraded to university, with the name of Aligarh Muslim University (Aligarh Muslim University).
Although Ahmad Khan himself educated in a traditional school, but the ideas which that idea patterned modern education, in the form of schools and colleges that teach science without forgetting the religious teachings and institutions lainnuya. So great was the attention Ahmad Khan in education siding so Baljon, a French call it as a reformer of education and the foundation stone of modernism in India.<|endoftext|>شور و شعور حسینی در عاشورای دوم در کشمیر
برج “أسَد” در کشمیر و سایر مناطق پیرامون آن ، گرمترین فصل در طول سال بشمار می آید در طول دو قرن و نیم گذشته، مردمِ کشمیر بیاد شهدای تشنۀ کربلا و حضرت اباعبدالله الحسین(ع) و شدًت گرمای دهۀ نخستِ محرم سال ۶۱ هجری، مراسم ویژه و کهنی شامل برنامۀ مرثیه خوانی، سینه_زنی، روضه خوانی و نماز جماعت را به مدًت دو روز پنجشنبه و جمعه به اجرا در می آورند.<|endoftext|>07/02/2015 tarihli ve 29260 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan Doçentlik Sınav Yönetmeliği’nin ‘‘Doçentlik Sınavı ’’başlıklı 6. Maddesinin 6. Fıkrası‘‘Değerlendirmeye esas alınan jüri raporları tamamlandığında, raporların birer örneği, eser incelemesi sonucuna ilişkin bildirim yazısıyla birlikte adaya gönderilir. Beş jüri üyesinden en az üçünün, adayı eser ve diğer faaliyetlerden başarılı bulması halinde, aday sınavın bu aşamasından başarılı sayılır ve sözlü sınava çağrılır. Başarısız bulunan aday ise jüri tarafından eksik bulunan eser ve faaliyetleri tamamlamak kaydıyla, en erken izleyen ikinci dönemde yeniden başvurabilir.Bu başvurusunda da başarısız bulunan aday, yine jüri tarafından eksik bulunan eser ve faaliyetleri tamamlamak kaydıyla, en erken izleyen ikinci dönemde yeniden başvurabilir. Eser incelemesi aşamasında üçüncü kez de başarısız bulunan aday, ancak en erken izleyen üçüncü dönemde yeniden başvurabilir.’’ , 20. Fıkrası ‘‘ Eser incelemesinde başarılı olmasına rağmen birinci, ikinci veya üçüncü sözlü sınavda başarısız olan veya başarısız sayılan aday, her defasında en erken izleyen ikinci sınav döneminde sözlü sınav için yeniden başvurabilir. Üçüncü kez sözlü sınavdan başarısız bulunan aday için salt çoğunluğu sağlayacak sayıda üyenin değiştirilmesi şartıyla yeni bir jüri oluşturulur.’’ şeklindedir.
Türk Eğitim-Sen olarak Doçentlik Sınav Yönetmeliği’nin 6. Maddesinin 6. Fıkrasının 3. Cümlesinde yer alan “…en erken izleyen ikinci dönemde…” İbaresi ile 4. Cümlesinde yer alan “...en erken izleyen ikinci dönemde…” İbaresinin , 5. Cümlesinde yer alan “...en erken izleyen üçüncü dönemde...” İbaresi ile yine 6. Maddesinin 20. fıkrasında yer alan “en erken izleyen ikinci sınav döneminde”ibarelerinin yürütmesinin durdurulması ve devamında iptali istemiyle açtığımız davada ; Danıştay 8. Dairesi’nin 2015/4063 E. sayılı ve 12.10.2015 tarihli kararı ile ,eser incelemesi veya sözlü sınav aşamalarında başarısız sayılan adayların yeniden başvuruda bulunabilmeleri için ciddi zaman sınırlamasıyla karşı karşıya kalmalarına sebebiyet veren bu yönetmeliğin, bahsi geçen ibarelerinin yürütmesinin durdurulmasına karar verilmiştir.
Kararın gerekçesi ‘‘…………Doçentlik Sınav Yönetmeliğinin Yükseköğretim Kurulu tarafından çıkarılması ve Yönetmelik hükümlerinin yürütülmesi yetkisinin de Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanında olduğu hesaba katıldığında ayrı bir tüzel kişiliği olan Üniversitelerarası Kurulun bu Yönetmelikle bağlı yetki içerisinde tutulması yetki kurallarına ve hukuka uygun olmayacaktır. Her ne kadar doçentlik sınavı ile ilgili 2547 sayılı yasada Yükseköğretim Kuruluna verilen yetki genel bir yetki olsa da, Üniversitelerarası Kurul'un görev ve yetkilerini belirleyen özel ve yasal düzenlemeler karşısında Yükseköğretim Kurulunun anılan alanda (başarısız olan adayların hangi dönemlerde başvurabileceği) düzenleme yapılabileceğinin kabulü mümkün değildir. Diğer yandan Üniversitelerarası Kurulun dava konusu yönetmeliğe olumlu görüş vermesiyle Kanunda geçen bu yetkiden feragat etmesi düşünülemeyeceği gibi bu yetkinin devri için de açık bir yasal düzenleme gerektiği de tartışmasızdır.’’ şeklindedir.<|endoftext|>الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟
الگوی بازگشتی سر و شانه معکوس (Inverse Head and Shoulders)
الگوی سر و شانه معکوس یک الگوی بازگشتی است که در یک روند نزولی ظاهر می شود و نشان از تغییر روند به حالت صعودی دارد. این الگو ویژگی.
الگوی سر و شانه معکوس یک الگوی بازگشتی است که در یک روند نزولی ظاهر می شود و نشان از تغییر روند به حالت صعودی دارد. این الگو ویژگی های مشترک بسیاری با الگوی سر و شانه دارد، ولی وابستگی آن به حجم معاملات بیشتر است. این وابستگی بدین صورت است که در الگوی سر و شانه، اگر در زمان شکسته شدن خط حمایت بهتر است افزایش حجم معاملات وجود داشته باشد، این مساله در الگوی سر و شانه معکوس باید صورت گیرد و یک امر الزامی است.
آنچه در این مطلب می خوانیم ☜
معرفی
الگوی سر و شانه معکوس، شامل سه دره است که دره میانی (سر) الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟ نسبت به دو دره دیگر (شانه ها) پایین تر است و دره های سمت چپ و راست آن بالاتر الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟ تر قرار دارند و به سختی با یکدیگر برابر می شوند. در میان این سه دره، دو قله وجود دارند که از طریق خط مقاومتی به نام «خط گردن یا neckline» با یکدیگر ارتباط دارند.
مرحل شکل گیری الگوی سر و شانه معکوس
این الگو اجزای مختلفی دارد که در این مقاله قصد داریم به توضیح آنها بپردازیم. همراه ما باشید.
روند پیش از شکل گیری الگو
روند قبلی: برای بازگشتی بودن این الگو نیاز است که یک روند قبلی وجود داشته باشد که این روند باید نزولی باشد. در حقیقت بدون روند نزولی قبلی، الگوی سر و شانه معکوس شکل نمی گیرد.
قله ها و دره ها
شانه چپ: در یک روند نزولی، شانه چپ یک دره را شکل می دهد که در پایین ترین سطح پیش از خود قرار می گیرد. بعد از شکل گیری این دره، قیمت افزایش می یابد تا شانه چپ شکل بگیرد. به صورت معمول، این افزایش قیمت، خط روند نزولی را نمی شکند و در نتیجه، قله دوم شانه چپ در پایین خط شکل می گیرد و خط روند دست نخورده باقی می ماند.
سر: پس از افزایش قیمت، دوباره کاهش قیمت شروع می شود تا حدی که از شانه چپ پایین تر رود. پس از شکل گیری سر، دوباره شاهد افزایش قیمت هستیم تا جایی که خط روند نزولی را می شکند و آن را در معرض تهدید قرار می دهد. این قله، دومین نقطه برای ترسیم خط گردن را مشخص می کند.
شانه راست: پس از شکل گیری قله دوم، دوباره قیمت کاهش می یابد ولی این بار بالاتر از سر قرار می گیرد تا شانه سمت راست تشکیل شود. اگر چه تقارن در این الگو ترجیح بیشتری دارد ولی شانه راست ممکن است به گونه ای شکل بگیرد که تقارن و توازن به هم بخورد. در نهایت زمانی شاهد شکل گیری کامل الگو هستیم که افزایش قیمت پس از شکل گیری شانه راست، باعث شکسته شدن خط گردن شود.
تکمیل و تایید الگوی سر و شانه معکوس
خط گردن: این خط با وصل کردن قله های ما بین سر و شانه ها قابل رسم است. بر اساس نوع قرارگیری قله ها، شیب خط گردن می تواند رو به بالا باشد یا رو به پایین و یا اینکه افقی ترسیم شود. این شیب از این جهت اهمیت دارد که اگر رو به بالا باشد اعتبار بیشتری برای گاوی شدن بازار پس از اتمام شکل گیری الگو دارد.
شکسته شدن خط روند: تا زمانی که خط روند الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟ شکسته نشود، شکل گیری الگو به پایان نرسیده و روند صعودی شروع نمی شود. بایداین شکسته شدن همراه با افزایش حجم معاملات باشد.
حجم معاملات
حجم معاملات: زمانی که این الگو ایجاد می شود، حجم معاملات نقش حیاتی در معتبر سازی الگو ایفا می کند. حجم معاملات در زمان کاهش قیمت بعد از شکل گیری شانه چپ معمولا زیاد است و فشار فروش شدید می باشد. این شدت فشار فروش در زمان شکل گیری سر نیز ممکن است همچنان بالا باشد. پس از شکل گیری سر، همراه با افزایش قیمت باید شاهد افزایش حجم معاملات باشیم. در حالت کلی، حجم معاملات در زمان شکل گیری نیمه اول الگو اهمیت کمتری نسبت به نیمه دوم الگو دارد. در زمان شکسته شدن خط گردن نیز اگر شاهد افزایش حجم معاملات نباشیم نمی توانیم این شکست را جدی بگیریم.
مثالی از الگوی سر و شانه معکوس
الگوی سر و شانه معکوس در نمودار لایتکوین
تصویر بالا نشان دهنده شکل گیری الگوی سر و شانه معکوس در نمودار لایتکوین است. پس از هفت ماه افت قیمت، با شکل گیری الگوی سر و شانه برعکس شاهد افزایش قیمت و شروع روند صعودی هستیم. افزایش زیاد در حجم معاملات و شدید بودن فشار فروش توسط مستطیل بنفش رنگ مشخص شده است. پس از شکل گیری الگو، خط گردن شکسته می شود ولی چون میزان حجم معاملات به میزان معنی داری افزایش نیافته، این شکست موفقیت آمیز نیست تا اینکه در ۶ فوریه، انفجاری در حجم معاملات صورت می گیرد (فلش آبی رنگ) که متعاقب آن در دو سه روز بعد شاهد شکسته شدن قطعی خط گردن هستیم.
جمع بندی
الگوی سر و شانه معکوس یکی از رایج ترین الگو های بازگشتی است که در مورد آن یک سری نکات وجود دارد که به تشریح آنها می پردازیم. نکته اول این است که خط گردن در حقیقت خط مقاومت است و زمانی که الگو کامل شده و شکسته می شود، تبدیل به حمایت می گردد بدین صورت که پس از بالاتر رفتن قیمت نسبت به خط گردن، امکان کاهش مجدد قیمت تا این خط وجود دارد.
در حقیقت در این زمان، خط گردن تبدیل به خط حمایت می شود. نکته دوم، تشخیص قیمت هدف یا Price Target است. برای این منظور باید گفت انتظار می رود پس از شکسته شدن خط گردن، قیمت به اندازه اختلاف نوک سر و خط گردن، بالا برود. البته این موضوع بستگی به عناصر دیگری مانند خطوط مقاومتی پیشین و میانگین های متحرک نیز دارد پس آن را به عنوان هدف نهایی قرار ندهید.
نکته قابل توجه این است که این الگو باید در یک روند نزولی شکل بگیرد. به یاد داشته باشید شانه های چپ و راست الزاما از لحاظ عرض و ارتفاع یکی نیستند، در نتیجه ممکن است الگو متقارن نباشد. دیگر اینکه همانطور که در مثال بالا مشاهده نمودید، شناسایی خط گردن و افزایش حجم معاملات در هنگام شکسته شدن آن، از فاکتور های اصلی و مهم هستند، چرا که این موضوع نشان از اشتیاق برای خرید در قیمت بالاتر است. در آخر اینکه از آنجا که شکل گیری این الگو زمان بر است، شناسایی آن نیاز به تجربه و دقت دارد.
تعریف الگوی بازگشتی سر و شانه
الگوهای (سر الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟ و شانه) یکی از معروف ترین و قابل اطمینان ترین الگوهای کلاسیک در بازارهای سرمایه می باشند که در الگوی سر و شانه چیست ؟ انتهای روند صعودی یا نزولی موجب بازگشت قیمت می شوند. این الگوها به دو دسته الگوهای سقف و کف تقسیم می شوند که به ترتیب هر یک و روش معامله با آنها را شرح می دهیم.
تشکیل الگوی سر و شانه
الگوی سر و شانه سقف (Head & Shoulders
|
4 | 4 | 2 |
se si è affetti da sindrome del sonno insufficiente indotta dal comportamento?
- Abitualmente si dorme meno di 8 ore a notte?
- Gli amici o i familiari notano che potrebbe essere necessaria una quantità maggiore di sonno?
- I sintomi migliorano se si dorme più a lungo?
- Non ci sono altri disturbi del sonno o, più in generale, medici che possono causare i sintomi relativi a una sonnolenza eccessiva?
- Si è affetti da qualcuno dei seguenti sintomi?
- difficoltà a stare concentrati e attenti;
- bassi livelli di energia;
- diminuzione del livello di allerta;
- facilità a essere distratti;
- irascibilità;
- stanchezza.
Se si è risposto positivamente a ciascuna di queste domande, allora ci sono buone possibilità che si sia affetti dalla sindrome del sonno insufficiente.
E’ necessaria una visita specialistica?
Sarebbe bene essere visitati da uno specialista per una revisione di tutti i sintomi. Lo specialista sarà in grado di rilevare eventuali altri disturbi del sonno che potrebbero essere la causa della sonnolenza. Questa può infatti derivare da molti altri disturbi del sonno. Ad esempio:
- disturbi ambientali del sonno;
- insonnia psicofisiologica;
- apnea ostruttiva del sonno;
- apnea del sonno centrale;
- narcolessia;
- ipersonnia idiopatica;
- soggetto che dorme poco;
- disturbo da turni lavorativi;
- disturbo della fase del sonno ritardata;
- disturbi del movimento periodico degli arti.
Cosa sarà necessario riferire al medico?
Il medico vorrà conoscere la vostra storia clinica. Sarà utile portare con sé anche un resoconto del proprio sonno che includa delle domande rivolte al proprio compagno di letto. Potrebbe essere necessario mantenere un diario del sonno per diverse settimane che mostri gli orari in cui si va a dormire e quelli in cui ci si sveglia.
Saranno necessarie delle analisi?
Potrebbe essere necessario uno studio del sonno notturno che prende il nome di polisonnografia. Questo esame delinea le onde cerebrali, il battito cardiaco e la respirazione durante il sonno e registra inoltre come si muovono le braccia e le gambe. Attraverso i risultati della polisonnografia è possibile rilevare se ci sono altri disturbi del sonno che causano la sonnolenza.
Si può anche restare sotto osservazione il giorno successivo alla visita per effettuare uno studio sul sonno pomeridiano. Questo esame viene chiamato test sulla latenza del sonno multiplo e misura quanto velocemente ci si addormenta durante il giorno e che tipo di sonno si riesce a ottenere nel corso di un pisolino. Potrebbero essere necessari anche altri test di laboratorio.
Come si cura?
Innanzitutto sarà necessario escludere la presenza di altri disturbi del sonno. La sindrome del sonno insufficiente può essere facilmente curata una volta individuata come fonte dei disturbi. Sarà sufficiente dormire per un periodo di tempo maggiore ogni notte. Ciò dovrebbe porre fine ai sintomi.<|endoftext|>The only difference between acts of barbarianism shown by Islamic extremists today and those exhibited by German and Japanese soldiers seventy-five years ago is that today we see them in real time.
What the Germans did to the Jews in the 1930s and 1940s was every bit as barbaric as what ISIS is doing to Jews, Muslims and Christians today. At Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Treblinka, and at least 65 other concentration camps in Germany, Poland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Italy, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Croatia and Ukraine, Germans cold-bloodedly murdered between six million and seven million Jews, Roma, and the mentally and physically disabled. They gassed them, shot them and dashed the brains out of small children. In the French town of Oradur-sur-Glane, German soldiers locked all the women and children in a barn and then set it afire.
While the videos of the beheadings of American journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff incense us (as they should), Japanese soldiers regularly decapitated prisoners. In February 1942, on the Indonesian Island of Ambon, Japanese soldiers randomly selected Dutch and Australian prisoners and executed them via beheadings and bayoneting. In December 1944, on Palawan Island in the Philippines, Japanese guards, wrongly assuming the Allies had arrived, drove their American prisoners into makeshift air raid shelters where they burned them alive. Examples of such cruelties are legion. But reading about such atrocities is not the same as watching them.
Yet today, 69 years after surrendering unconditionally, Japan and Germany are among our strongest allies, with free, democratic governments. From the ashes of that war, they have sprung, Phoenix-like, to become the third and fourth largest economies in the world. But, would that have happened if the United States had not militarily occupied their countries for decades, providing protection and defense, allowing them to concentrate on rebuilding? We still have 50,000 troops in Japan and 40,000 in Germany. Would those countries have achieved that success if the United States had not been instrumental in helping them design new constitutions and governments? Would that have happened had any country, other than the United States, been the conqueror? Has any other country in history been so generous to others with its purse and with the blood of its youth? Can any German or Japanese living today argue that the United States is not a force for good? While no one can hide from the horrors of World War II, no one can deny the success of the peace that followed.
War has always been personal for those who live in its midst, as those throughout much of Europe and on islands in the Pacific and Japan knew full well during World War II, and as those throughout much of the Middle East, North Africa and Ukraine know today. For Americans it became personal on 9/11, but most of our fighting has been on others’ soil. Technology has changed the dynamics of war, not only in the lethality of weapons, but in the bringing of its horrors into our homes. As we sat entranced on our sofas and in our armchairs in the late 1960s and early 1970s, we watched on television American soldiers dying in the rice paddies and jungles of Vietnam.
Social media today means we watch what is happening in the Middle East, including suicide bombers, improvised exploding devices and the decapitation of American journalists, in real time. If they had had today’s audio and visual communications 70 years ago, would the American people have put up with three and a half years of a war that caused the deaths of over 400,000 of its young sons and daughters – almost 400 people every day? I don’t know, but had we not persevered, would Germany and Japan be the success they are? Would we be as free as we are?
Writing specifically about Ukraine, but with observations that apply to the Middle East, Professor John Mearsheimer of the University of Chicago argued in the most recent issue of Foreign Affairs that “realist” global politics require that the solution to the crisis in Ukraine be one that abandons any plan to westernize it. Instead he argues, we should “aim to make it a neutral buffer between NATO and Russia.” While that may be the sensible decision, it likely means giving up the citizens of that country to perpetual poverty, political oppression and military subjection. Should we walk away from those in the Middle East, effectively delivering them to the savages who would brutally rule over them? Geopolitics is a balancing act, but it is important we not cede those ideals and principles that have driven our nation since its founding. On the other hand, Professor Mearsheimer is correct of course when he writes that it would be “the height of folly to create a new NATO member that the other members have no intention of defending.”
The lessons of the past as they apply to the present are multifold. The President and Congress must clearly define the enemy we face and the consequences of doing nothing. As retired four-star General Barry McCaffrey has said, once we decide to enter a conflict, we must have public support with clear goals, and we must enter into war with overwhelming force to win. Victory brings its own challenges and we must not shy away from continued involvement. The history of the post-War world says that those countries in which our troops stayed – Germany, Japan and South Korea – have fared far better than those where our troops were pulled out prematurely – Lebanon, Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan.
My purpose is not to suggest that Americans are always in the right, or to make light of today’s Islamic savagery. My purpose is to suggest that no one has a monopoly on barbarity, that there will always be those who will try to destroy our way of life for the liberty it brings, but also that today’s enemies may become tomorrow’s allies. In 1943, if someone had suggested that we would be buying millions of Toyotas and Hondas from Japan and that the Japanese would be our most important ally in the Pacific two generations hence, that individual would have been dismissed as crazy. My purpose is also to argue that when we enter a conflict, it should be to win, and we should stay as long as is necessary. We must understand the consequences of leaving the fields of battle betimes. And, we should never be embarrassed by who we are and the freedoms we represent.
Those who condescendingly insist that the desire for freedom is a Western phenomenon ignore the success of Japan and South Korea. They also forget that Eastern Europeans, who had been kept under the yoke of Communist oppression for two generations, thrived when the Wall came down. It is not as though they were returning to a democratic state, which had been lost to the Nazis and then the Communists. They were descendants of a rigid class system, with a small number of aristocrats and a multitude of peasants. Yet they instinctively understood the benefits of a government that allowed them to keep the bulk of their labor and that protected the private property they were able to accumulate. Why mightn’t that be true in the Middle East?
It may be impossible to ever again fight the kind of war we did seventy years ago, when the press was muzzled, either willingly or by decree, and atrocities committed by us and our enemies remained out of sight. We live in a far more open society. Will those who would destroy our way of life take advantage of that knowledge, and press their advantage? Will our leaders no longer seek absolute victory and instead allow relativism to replace moral principles? These are questions we must ponder.
A world without war is a worthy goal, but it is a dream, not a reality. Evil exists, and the greatest obligation of any country is to protect its citizens. “War,” as Clausewitz wrote, “is a mere continuation of politics by other means.” Nevertheless, going to war has to be the toughest decision any President or Congress makes, because it necessarily requires the ultimate sacrifice of many of its youth. It involves weighing two unknowns: What would the world look like if we did nothing? What will the world look like if we do something? Seeking answers to those questions is the job of leadership.
On September 1, 1945 President Truman spoke about the surrender of Japan. In acknowledging the immense loss of life and the terrible price paid by so many individuals, he said the purpose in destroying the evil of Nazism, Fascism and Japanese war lords was “to assure the survival of a civilized world.” Was the cost worth it? The subsequent decline in world poverty, the growth in global GDP and the proliferation in democracies suggest it was. Is not that the same goal in eradicating today’s evil, manifested by radical Islamic extremism? We are the only nation capable of responding effectively. To do so is our obligation to mankind. To do nothing (or to simply “contain” and “manage” the problem) assures that Islamic terrorism will persist and spread. But, if in destroying that evil we can assure the continuation of a civilized world, it will be a cost worth bearing, not just for ourselves but for all people, and for generations to come.<|endoftext|>“ A wild mushroom? Aren’t you scared?”
“What if it’s poisonous?” usually the first two reactions you’ll get from anybody when you tell them you’re going mushroom hunting or when you actually show them some wild mushroom you got from your hunting escapade.
These reactions are to be expected and especially so because the fungal kingdom seems to be a bit of a mystery! Of the 5.1 million fungal species currently estimated to be in existence, the number of identified species is still quite small in comparison.
Since mushroom collecting is growing in popularity – especially for people who enjoy foraging for food in the wild; this post will afford us the opportunity to shift focus
all our attention on the dangers of wild mushroom hunting. Though of course the risks are valid concerns, there is another side to wild mushroom hunting – the medicinal side, the healing side and the delicious side!
Let’s get started with “supposed common things” foragers often overlook.
- hunting mushrooms in the wild should never be thought of as a game of chance – wrong guesses can be as costly as landing you in the hospital for a liver transplant!
- avoid misidentificaton toxic look-alikes (poisonous mushrooms that look like edible ones),
- don’t be too eager to harvest mushrooms from the wild that you fill in the blanks with what they want to see rather than what is actually there especially at the sight of anything remotely close to a desirable mushroom.
- some social media sites are culprit when searching for mushrooms online – foragers please stick to quality and high referenced sites or check up with a local club or expert before consuming collected mushrooms the first time. Many beginners reference common names online and click ‘images’ on their search engine, where many mushrooms are misidentified
- When searching for mushrooms in the wild, inexperienced foragers should search for mushrooms alongside an experienced and trusted mycologist whenever possible.
Let’s take a step further and look at a few simple guidelines. Once you take the right precautions and gain a little education about native mushrooms, hunting wild mushrooms could be an extremely safe activity.
- Join a local mycological (fungi) group. They are located all over the United States. A list is available at the North American Mycological Association.
- Buy a regional field guide to learn what mushrooms grow wild near you.
- Seek to identify at least the genus of the mushroom you have found (identification keys include the stem, a spore print, what the mushroom is growing on and the structure of the stem base, which could be below ground).
- Take two collecting baskets when foraging. Put mushrooms positively identified as edible in one. Put mushrooms you are uncertain about in the other. You won’t get sick by simply touching a toxic mushroom, he said.
- Be extremely careful if you are a pet owner and want to take your dog on a foraging trip. Dogs lead the list as victims of deadly and poisonous mushrooms — more than any other animal or humans.
Looks like this post will have to continue another day. It’s becoming lengthy already and we’ve yet to look at other essentials like edible-toxic-look alikes, images of mushrooms that should be avoided etc. Meanwhile, you can read more here.<|endoftext|>Bisogna mettere a bagno le castagne prima di arrostirle?
È necessario mettere in ammollo le castagne prima di arrostirle. Non è necessario mettere in ammollo le castagne prima di tostarle, ma è altamente consigliato. Lasciare in ammollo le castagne almeno per un’ora le aiuta a sbucciarsi molto più facilmente. Inoltre, diventano molto più morbide grazie al vapore che si crea tra il guscio e la polpa.
Quanto tempo ci vuole per arrostire le castagne in forno?
Preriscaldare il forno a 425 gradi. Scolare le castagne (non è necessario asciugarle) e disporle su una teglia in un unico strato. Arrostire per 25-30 minuti*1 tenendo sotto controllo le castagne e girandole un paio di volte se necessario. Dovrebbero essere completamente arrostite quando la buccia si è ritirata/aperta e la polpa interna si è ammorbidita.
A che temperatura si arrostiscono le castagne?
Disporre le castagne su una griglia da forno con il lato piatto verso il basso in un unico strato. Cuocere le castagne in forno a 425ºF/220ºC per 20-25 minuti (o fino a 35 minuti per le castagne molto grandi) finché il guscio non si stacca e la polpa è tenera.
È meglio bollire le castagne prima di arrostirle?
Il meglio è quando sono morbidissime e si sciolgono in bocca. Il modo migliore per ottenere questo risultato è bollire le noci prima di arrostirle o semplicemente cuocerle a pressione. Il sapore unico e carnoso delle castagne arrostite è perfetto per le riunioni attorno al camino.
Come si fa a sbucciare facilmente le caldarroste?
La soluzione è semplice. Manca un passaggio! Le caldarroste calde devono essere lasciate cuocere a vapore per 8-10 minuti prima di essere sbucciate. Il vapore allenta la pelle tra la noce e il guscio, rendendo più facile la rimozione dei gusci.
Le castagne devono essere conservate in frigorifero prima di essere arrostite?
Come arrostire le castagne in forno a casa | Arrostire …
Per quanto tempo si devono mettere a bagno le castagne?
Mettete le castagne in una ciotola capiente e aggiungete acqua sufficiente a coprirle di un centimetro. Lasciare in ammollo per almeno 30 minuti e fino a 1 ora. Scolare le castagne e asciugarle.
È necessario mettere in ammollo le castagne secche?
La stagione delle castagne è breve, ma le castagne intere sbucciate, in scatola o sottovuoto, sono disponibili nei principali supermercati. Le castagne secche sono disponibili anche nei negozi di alimenti naturali, ma devono essere messe a bagno in acqua per una notte e poi cotte a fuoco lento prima dell’uso.
Come si arrostiscono le castagne senza farle esplodere?
È necessario praticare una fessura nel guscio di ogni castagna, per consentire la fuoriuscita del vapore durante il processo di cottura. Proprio come una patata al forno, se non si crea un foro per la fuoriuscita del vapore, le castagne esploderanno.
Come si preparano le castagne crude da mangiare?
Come preparare le castagne. Per sbucciare le castagne fresche, sciacquatele, quindi praticate un’incisione nella buccia sul lato piatto di ciascuna e fatele cuocere a fuoco lento in una pentola d’acqua per 15 minuti oppure arrostitele in forno per
|
4 | 4 | 3 |
yellow turban adorned with feathers, with a white robe that had red accents, likely meant to be a thawb or a kaftan. The caption of this image said “I’ll capture a scraggle-foot Mulligatawny […] From the blistering sands of the Desert of Zind…A Mulligatawny is fine for my zoo…And so is a chieftain. I’ll bring one back, too,” effectively suggesting that he would keep a human within his ideal zoo.
Seuss also draws two Africans as beings that appear more like a monkey than a human—embarrassingly enough, it had taken me a few minutes to understand that the image I was looking at had two men holding a bird, and not two monkeys.
Both men are short, with stubby arms and legs, a large stomach, and a round face. They wear a red skirt, likely a representation of Zulu warrior skirts, a nose ring, and a choker and bracelets on both arms. Their hair is tied up on the top of their heads, reflecting the amasunzu style of Rwandan people.
In other cartoons, he would often draw Africans as monkeys, riding atop elephants, surrounded by flies (and obsessed with Flit, an insect repellent), with black skin, thick white lips, and a white skirt. The Cat in the Hat itself has been said to be inspired by minstrelsy and blackface.
So of course, there are issues that surround these sorts of images. Absolutely none of the aforementioned images—or the plethora of racially or ethnically insensitive political cartoons, single-panel drawings, and picture books—respected or celebrated another’s culture. Instead, Dr. Seuss exploited and fetishized specific, stereotypical features of cultures to emphasize their differences from a Eurocentric, ‘normal’ person.
Racism and ethnic bigotry is a learned concept. Exposure to negative or stereotypical thought processes at such a young age will have an initial, undesirable effect. Even if the families of children are accepting of other cultures, the normalization and casual use of harmful images in these books can subconsciously lead to the development of racial and ethnic biases in the children.
Thus, we do need a sort of censor—young children should not be shown or be exposed to these stereotypes. As I understand how precious these nostalgic pieces of literature can be, I am not suggesting that we completely stop the distribution of Dr. Seuss’s books; they do contain valuable morals and are written in an engaging manner that make them perfect for children. Rather, I suggest that these insensitive images should be re-drawn; exploiting another’s race for cheap jokes and foolish rhymes is ignorant at best.
And since it would be unwise to simply ‘delete’ and erase any evidence of harmful content, as it would hide the existence of racism and have a negative impact on the movement towards racial and ethnic equality, I also suggest that we keep copies of the original books and images. The original, unedited copies themselves, though, should not be printed and distributed to children. Rather, they should be kept so that we may learn from them in the future.<|endoftext|>Etiketler Rusya katedral
Tag: Rusya katedral
Aziz Vasil Katedrali, Kızıl Meydan’da renge renk kubbeleri ile Korkunç İvan tarafından zaferlerlerini temsil etmesi için yaptırdığı görkemli bir yapıdır.
Most Read
Başkentte, metroda 'Yüz kimliği' sisteminin ne zaman başlayacağı açıklandı. Face ID sisteminin Moskova metrosunda 2021 yılında kullanılmaya başlanacağı açıklandı.
Merkez Bankası, 'Müşteriye doğru bilgi verme' yasa tasarısı hazırladı. Tasarıya göre, banka, sigorta şirketi gibi kuruluşlar, hazırladıkları sözleşme ile ilgili müşteriye riskler...<|endoftext|>اولین جلسه کمیسیون ماده پنج شهر تهران در دوره جدید مدیریت شهری به ریاست محمدعلی افشانی شهردار تهران و با حضور محسن هاشمیرفسنجانی رئیس شورای شهر تهران، پیروز حناچی معاون شهرسازی و معماری و علی اشراقی رئیس دبیرخانه کمیسیون ماده پنج تشکیل شد
6 - مرداد
1397
علی اشراقی، رئیس دبیرخانه کمیسیون ماده پنج درخصوص جزئیات این جلسه گفت: پس از تصویب و ابلاغ طرح تفصیلی، نقشههای طرح تفصیلی براساس بازخوردهای ناشی از اجرا باید بازبینی و تدقیق شود که براین اساس به دلیل مشکلاتی که نقشههای طرح تفصیلی در فرآیند اجرا داشتهاند بازبینی نقشهها در دو نوبت؛ نخست در سال اول اجرای طرح (۹۱ و ۹۲)، سپس در سالهای ۹۴ و ۹۵ انجام گرفته است. پس از بازبینیهای فوق و تصویب آن در کمیسیون ماده پنج، کماکان برخی اشکالات طرح باقی مانده و درخواست شهرداریهای مناطق، اصلاح و رفع این اشکالات است.
وی افزود: براین اساس، ضمن مستندسازی کلیه این اشکالات مشتمل بر ۴۲۴ مورد متشکل از ۱۴۸ مورد پهنه بندی و ۲۷۶ مورد کاربری تثبیت شده، در جلسه مورخ ۲۷/ ۱/ ۱۳۹۷ کارگروه فنی کمیسیون ماده پنج مطرح و مقرر شد که کلیات موضوع در کمیسیون تشریح و در صورت صلاحدید، کارگروه فنی رسیدگی و اظهار نظر کند. رئیس دبیرخانه کمیسیون ماده پنج ادامه داد: ضمنا مقرر شد، به موازات موارد فوق مشاور طرح تفصیلی نیز با هماهنگی دبیرخانه صرفا اشکالات موجود در موارد اعلام شده طرح تفصیلی را احصا کند تا در جلسات آتی کارگروه فنی مطرح شود. در این مدت بیش از هشت جلسه کارگروه به این مسائل رسیدگی کرد اما امضای صورتجلسات را منوط به مصوبه جلسه کمیسیون کرد.
اشراقی تصریح کرد: در این جلسه پس از ارائه توضیحات مبسوط توسط مشاور طرح تفصیلی شهر تهران و بحث و بررسی اعضا مقرر شد، کارگروه فنی اظهار نظر نهایی خود را ارائه کند. در ادامه نیز گزارش مبسوطی درخصوص اتمام فرآیند تدقیق شبکه معابر طرح تفصیلی یکپارچه شهر تهران توسط مشاور کمیته تخصصی معابر ارائه شد که پس از استماع گزارش و بحث و بررسی اعضا، مقرر شد پس از ابلاغ نقشههای شبکه معابر طرح تفصیلی مصوب کمیسیون ماده پنج که ظرف مدت سه ماه تهیه میشود، تغییری در شبکه بدون مصوبه کمیسیون ماده پنج صورت نگرفته و درخصوص بافتهای تاریخی نیز بهصورت ویژه عمل شود.
منبع خبر : دنیای اقتصاد<|endoftext|>Types of Loads that acting on the structures are:
The load of the structure itself is called dead load and different types of the loads which includes in it are load of the structural system, such as walls, columns, slabs, weight of other permanent material such as HVAC, beams etc…
The weight of dead load can be easily calculated by measuring or identifying the unit weight of the material and its dimensions.
All other loads acting on a structure other than dead load is termed as live load.They include all types of movable elements such as furniture, humans etc.. and other types of non-structural elements such as rainwater, snow etc…
Load that change rapidly or applied suddenly are called dynamic loads.The magnitude of the load will increase based on the dynamic effect.
The action of wind load is mainly described in IS 875 PART 3
Vz = k1.k2.k3.Vb
- Where k1 = Risk coefficient
- k2 = Coefficient based on terrain, height and structure size.
- k3 = Topography factor
The design wind pressure is given by
pz = 0.6 V2z
where pz is in N/m2 at height Z and Vz is in m/sec. Up to a height of 30 m, the wind pressure is considered to act uniformly. Above 30 m height, the wind pressure increases.
5.Snow Loads (SL)
The action of snow load is described in IS 875 PART 4
The minimum snow load on a roof area or any other area above ground which is subjected to snow accumulation is obtained by the expression
- Where S = Design snow load on plan area of the roof.
- = Shape coefficient.
- S0 = Ground snow load.
The action of an earthquake and its effect are described in IS 1893-2014
Types of loads on Beams
The different load types acting on the beams are
A load that acting on the very small area of the surface are called concentrated loads.
2.Uniformly distributed loads
Uniformly distributed loads is a distributed load which acts along the length.We can say its unit is KN/M.By simply multiplying the intensity of load by its length, we can convert the uniformly distributed load into point load.The point load can be also called as equivalent concentrated load(E.C.L).
3.Uniformly Varying load
At a constant rate, the magnitude of uniformly varying load varies along its length.
In triangular load, the magnitude of the load at one end is zero and the other end is maximum.From zero, the magnitude of the load increases at a constant rate to its maximum value till the maximum end of the span.
In trapezoidal varying load, the magnitude of the load at one end of the span have lower value and that lower value will constantly increase to a maximum value at the end of the span.
The support reactions can easily find out by converting the trapezoid into a triangle and rectangle as shown in the figure.
The coupled load is two equal and opposite forces acting on the same span.The line of action of both the loads are parallel to each other but in opposite direction.<|endoftext|>Visually, the Star of David has six points, while a pentagram only has five. Differences between the two symbols, however, go far beyond their images and are steeped in ancient rituals, history and religious beliefs.
History of the Star of David
The Star of David is a six-pointed star made of two interlocking triangles. It's also called the Magen David, Hebrew for "Shield of David." Points on the star represent the six directions of the universe -- up, down, north, south, east and west -- according to Aish.com. The star's 12 sides represent the 12 tribes of Israel. The star is a fairly new association with the Jewish faith, according to the Virtual Jewish Library.
Meanings in Jewish Culture
A prominent symbol for modern Jews, the Star of David appears on many Israeli objects including the Israeli flag and Israeli ambulances. Because the symbol references David's shield, Jewish people view it as a symbol for trusting in their Almighty God. Many Jewish people view the Star of David as symbolic as Christians view the image of the cross, and it's among the most widely recognized symbols of the Jewish religion. It can also be a symbolic reminder of the Holocaust, encouraging Jews that because of their faith in God, they can overcome hardships heaped on them, the Aish.com website notes.
History of the Pentagram
A pentagram is a symmetrical five-pointed star. It usually appears in an upright form so that one point is facing upward. Upright pentagrams have been used by many religions and cultures in history, including pagans, Christians and Wiccans, according to ReligiousTolerance.org. For example, a pentagram has been used to symbolize the Star of Bethlehem shining over the stable where Jesus was born, and is also the shape of the stars on the American flag. Ancient Hebrews used the pentagram to represent the five books of the Torah.
Meanings of the Pentagram
Unlike the Star of David, modern interpretation of the pentagram is more commonly associated with evil or devil worship than it is with sacred religious beliefs. However, this modern interpretation isn't completely accurate. While Satanists do use an inverted, or upside down, pentagram as one of their symbols, an upright pentagram is more commonly used by Wiccans as a protective symbol. The points of the pentagram mean earth, fire, water, air and spirit, and, when used as a protective symbol, have nothing to do with Satan.
- dnaveh/iStock/Getty Images<|endoftext|>The Old North State regulates how close you can build to the ocean. The structure has to be “set back” from a certain “measurement line.” The setback distance depends on such factors as the size of the structure and the erosion rate. The larger the structure and the higher the erosion rate, the more the development has to be set back.
Over time, the types of “measurement lines” have evolved.
First Line of Stable Natural Vegetation (FLSNV)
The oldest measurement line is the “First Line of Stable Natural Vegetation” (FLSNV) along the ocean front. Problems arose after huge storms washed away the FLSNV.
The “Static” Vegetation Line (SVL)
Eventually, the rules were changed so that if a beach community has benefitted from a large scale beach renourishment project, the setback could be measured from a “static vegetation line” (SVL). Problem: You are stuck with the SVL even if the vegetation line afterward grows and extends well oceanward beyond the SVL.
The “SVL Exception” – Back to the FLSNV?
Later, the rules were changed to allow reference to the vegetation line, but only if the community demonstrated a long-term, capable commitment to beach renourishment. Even then, the exception applied only to structures no larger than 2,500 square feet.
The New “Development Line”
Starting this year, a new tool for locating development on the ocean front is available – the “Development Line.” A beach community that has had a large-scale beach renourishment project can now adopt a line that represents where structures can be built up to, as long as the FLSNV setback is met. The line is placed generally in reference to adjacent structures.
The primary advantage for development line beach communities is that they no longer have to demonstrate a long-term beach nourishment plan. For oceanfront owners, it’s not being limited to a 2,500-square-foot maximum size.
Beach communities all up and down our coast are now looking into whether they should adopt a development line. Before you buy a beach-front property, we recommend you check the status of this issue as part of your due diligence. If you are selling, make sure you don’t make any representations or warranties unintentionally or inadvertently. The rules on beachfront development are much like that sandcastle your kids (or grandkids) are building … always moving and subject to change!
Geoff Losee can be reached by visiting www.rountreelosee.com, by email at [email protected] or by calling (910) 763-3404. Rountree Losee LLP has provided a full range of legal services to individuals, families and businesses in North Carolina for over 110 years. As well-recognized leaders in each of the areas in which they practice, the attorneys of Rountree Losee provide clients a wealth of knowledge and experience. In their commitment to provide the highest quality legal service, they handle a wide range of legal issues with creativity, sensitivity and foresight.
Johanna Cano - Jun 14, 2019
Vicky Janowski - Jun 14, 2019
Christina Haley O'Neal - Jun 14, 2019
Jenny Callison - Jun 14, 2019
New Hanover Regional Medical Center was recognized for its patient experience through the Healthgrades 2019 Outstanding Patient Experience A...
With its proximity to the Cape Fear River and customer markets, the Wilmington area provides an essential location for National Gypsum, a gy...
From power cords to nuclear fuel, manufacturing companies across the Cape Fear region are making a wide range of products. Here’s a recap of...<|endoftext|>Bir çay bardağının ¼’ü kadar biberiye yaprağı suyu doldurulur, kalan kısım içme suyu ile tamamlanır.Biberiye suyu yemeklere damlatılabilir veya salatalarda kullanılabilir. Hoş kokulu ve lezzetli bir bitki olan biberiye yemeklerde ağırlıklı olarak kullanılmaktadır.
Ürünün kalitesini korumak için, ısı, ışık ve nemden uzakta, 20-25°C’lik oda sıcaklığında saklayınız. Garanti bandı yırtılmış ürünleri satın almayınız.<|endoftext|>How to Write a Speech
When it comes to public speaking – in the student’s case, giving a speech to a classroom of their peers and their instructor – one’s success lies in preparation. Which means that delivering a good speech ultimately depends on the writing a speech. After all, a speech is like a spoken essay.
Some people are natural-born public speakers who can entertain an entire room without a second of planning; however, the student in higher education who is to give a speech (who is also most likely a novice public speaker) should follow these 10 speech writing steps.
10 Speech Writing Steps
1. Plan the speech according to the occasion. The student required to give a speech will probably be speaking in an academic setting, where a serious, informative or persuasive tone will serve them best. Most times, the student will be given a time limit, which should be strictly followed.
2. Recognize the theme/message or purpose of the speech. This will help the student identify which direction they are going to take in the writing/planning/researching of the speech, helping them develop a sort of formula to achieve that purpose.
3. Be creative with the speech’s introduction. Once the student knows what they are going to say, they should consider a brief, interesting way to get their audience’s attention – whether with a joke, an interesting anecdote, famous quote, even a thought-provoking question.
4. Learn how to write a speech outline. This helps the student visualize all the points they need to cover in their speech.
5. Expand on the points in the speech outline. If they’re given a speech in a persuasive manner, they will need a solid thesis statement defended by strong evidence to support their argument. If giving an informative speech for an assignment, the student should incorporate solid, research-based information. In either case, the student must center their speech on the theme, issue, or subject they are discussing, arguing, or analyzing.
6. Incorporate transitional phrases to cover various points. Words like “First of all,” “Secondly,” “Next,” and “Lastly” help the speaker better transition from point to point, for their own sake and the audience.
7. Don’t forget about the conclusion. Just like with an essay or written assignment, a proper conclusion allows the speaker to tie in all the points of their speech, leaving the audience with a comprehensive understanding of what they just discussed.
8. Write the speech out in full, in essay form. Include the introduction, the points to be covered, as well as transitional phrases, and a conclusion – and then evaluate its effectiveness. Edit if needed. Writing more than one draft helps the student add or remove pertinent information.
9. Ask a friend to revise the written speech; revise the draft based on their feedback. Once the student feels their written speech is nearly completed, seeking the help of another person is beneficial. They will see things the writer may not notice, which will ultimately improve the speech.
10. Read the speech aloud. Before the student rehearses their speech first for familiarization, then memorization, they should read the speech aloud to compare how it sounds with how it reads; this could be the difference in an
|
4 | 5 | 0 |
, cioè che il suo valore reale sia superiore al prezzo espresso dal mercato in quel momento. Viceversa, si può leggere un alto rapporto di p/e sia come segnale di un titolo caro, sia come indicatore di elevate aspettative di crescita futura della società da parte del mercato, che è disposto a pagare molto per comprare quel titolo. Questo rapporto può però essere influenzato dalla politica di distribuzione dei dividendi della società, che è in grado di alterare il livello degli utili, per esempio distribuendo dividendi elevati, o non distribuendoli affatto.<|endoftext|>(2018)
Kendisi ile aynı adı taşıyan 70 lerin efsane filmi Gloria Bell, 60 lı yaşlarındaki Gloria'yı merkezine alıyor. Gündüz çalıştığı ofisin sıkıcı ve bunaltıcı havasından gece gittiği gece kulüplerinde çılgınlar gibi eğlenerek kurtulan kadın, içindeki gençlik ruhunu asla yitirmiyor. Sebastián Lelio imzalı filmde Julianne Moore baş rol karakteri olarak karşımıza çıkmakta.<|endoftext|>Philodendron Leaves Curling – Causes and How to Fix It?
Have you ever noticed Philodendron leaves curling? If you have, then you are not alone. This common problem is caused by environmental factors (such as high humidity) and can be difficult to fix. In this blog post, we will explore the causes and fixes for Philodendron leaf curling. Let us read further!
The following are some reason of Philodendron leaves starts curling:
- Too much dry Soil.
- Overfeeding Philodendrons with Fertilizer.
- Root Rot due to Overwatering.
- Insect Infestation.
Why are the Philodendron Leaves Curling? – Causes and How to Fix It?
Let us know some of the reasons for Philodendron Leaves Curling below,
1. Too much dry Soil
Too much dry soil can cause Philodendron Leaves Curling. This is caused by the plant’s inability to take up water and nutrients, which leads to the leaves becoming dehydrated and brittle.
How to fix this?
- Mulch your philodendron with fresh organic matter such as leaves, bark, or straw. This will help create a moist environment and help the plant uptake water and nutrients.
- Water your philodendron regularly throughout the growing season; don’t wait until it begins to droop or the leaves start to curl. Over-watering can also cause root rot, so be sure to calibrate how much water your philodendron needs based on its size and shape.
- Prune off afflicted branches using sharp shears; this will allow more light and airflow to reach leaf tips, which will help restore moisture and vitality to them.
2. Overfeeding Philodendron with Fertilizer
Philodendron leaves curl when they are overfed with fertilizer. This can be caused by incorrect application of the fertilizer, or overwatering. There are several ways to correct this problem:
How to fix this?
Remove excess fertilizer – If you are using a liquid fertilizer, thin it with water before applying it. If you are using a granular fertilizer, sprinkle it on only as much as needed and water immediately after application. Overfertilizing will cause foliage to become lush and green, but the plant will not grow vigorously. Philodendron plants should be fertilized monthly in spring and summer; less frequently in fall and winter.
You may also browse related articles to know more about the plant world, Why are my Philodendron leaves turning yellow? (How to Fix them?)
Reduce watering – When watering philodendron plants, try to avoid saturating the ground around them. Water until the surface is wet, then allow the soil to dry out for a few hours before watering again. Overwatering can also cause foliage to turn yellow and curl.
Prune away dead or weak branches – Dead or unhealthy branches can limit growth and contribute to leaf curling. Cut away branches that are too far from the main stem.
3. Root Rot due to Overwatering
Root rot is caused by overwatering and can be fixed by correcting the watering schedule. The main symptom of root rot is the leaf curling and turning yellow, brown, or black. Follow these tips to prevent root rot in philodendrons:
How to prevent root rot?
- Water only when the surface of the soil is dry to the touch.
- Use a water meter to measure how much water your philodendron is receiving. Aim for an average water volume of 1 inch per week.
- Don’t overfertilize your philodendron; fertilize only when the foliage looks yellow or brownish.
- Remove fallen leaves and flowers as they decay, which will help reduce moisture levels in the soil.
4. Insect Infestation
If you have leaves that curl on the edges, this may be due to an insect infestation. There are many different types of insects that can cause leaf curling, but the most common culprit is the aphid. Aphids secrete a sticky substance called honeydew which can coat the leaves and cause them to curl like tomato plants. In some cases, other pests such as thrips or spider mites may also be responsible for leaf curling.
How to fix this?
To remedy leaf curling caused by an insect infestation, first identify the type of insect that is causing the problem. Once you know which insect is causing the problem, you can take appropriate steps to eradicate it. Some of these steps may include using a pesticide or biological control agent, treating the soil where the plant is growing with a fungicide or herbicide, or applying hot water to the affected leaves. If all of these measures fail to eliminate the bug, then you may need to cut off and destroy affected leaves.
There are a few ways to fix a Philodendron leaf curl. You can try using an ice pack or placing the plant in a cool location. You can also spray the plant with water, especially if the curl is on one of the larger leaves.
How do you uncurl Philodendron leaves?
If you find that your philodendron leaves are curling up, there may be several reasons why! Let us know some ways to uncurl Philodendron leaves.
- First, check to see if your philodendron is getting enough water. If it’s not, the leaves may start to curl because they’re not able to absorb nutrients from the soil.
- Second, make sure that your philodendron is getting enough sunlight – direct sunlight will help to keep the plant healthy and prevent leaf curling.
- Finally, if you notice that the leaves are curling up regularly, it may be helpful to try a few simple tips to uncurl them: Wet one end of the leaf and twist it gently until it snaps back into shape. Repeat on the other side. Gently grasp the base of a leaf near its tip and pull upwards until the leaf pops out of its bud.
Philodendrons are excellent indoor plants since they can grow in a variety of lighting and watering situations. It is also a species of plant that is most commonly found in various houses. Philodendron leaf curling can be one of the issues that this plant can face, but here we hope that this issue is thoroughly resolved for the readers and that you have all the required solutions.
Thanks for reading! Happy gardening!
How do you fix a Philodendron leaf curl?
There are a few ways to fix a Philodendron leaf curl. You can try using an ice pack or placing the plant in a cool location. You can also spray the plant with water, especially if the curl is on one of the larger leaves. Generally, if you’re experiencing leaf curling on your Philodendron, it’s probably due to over-watering or too much sunlight. Try reducing water and/or light usage until the problem goes away.
Why are my Philodendron leaves curling up?
There are a few reasons why your philodendron leaves may be curling up. The most common culprit is moisture stress. Too much moisture can cause the plant to over-produce water crystals, which can then build up on the leaf and cause it to curl. To fix this problem, you’ll need to reduce the amount of moisture your philodendron is getting and compensate with supplemental watering. You can also try using a high-humidity environment, misting your plants regularly, or using a desiccant to remove excess moisture. Finally, make sure your philodendron is getting enough sunlight and air circulation.
Can you overwater a philodendron?
watering your philodendron too much can cause leaves to curl and turn yellow. overwatering is the number one cause of leaf curling in philodendrons. if you notice that your philodendron’s leaves are curled or turning yellow, it’s time to water less often. here’s how to fix it: first, check the soil moisture level. if it’s below the surface of the potting mix, water deeper and allow excess water to drain away for several hours before watering again. If soil moisture is above the surface of the potting mix, water sparingly and only when necessary. Make sure that your philodendron is receiving at least 12 hours of sunlight per day, direct sunlight will help promote healthy growth.
Do Philodendrons need full sun?
Philodendrons are plants that can vary greatly in their needs for light and water, but they typically do best if given at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. If your philodendron is getting too little light, you can try moving it to a brighter location or giving it more water. If the leaves are curling up, this may be caused by too much shade. Check to make sure the plant is getting enough water and sunlight, and if not, take some steps to fix the problem.<|endoftext|>Mars Rover to Fire Rock-Zapping Laser Ahead of 1st Drive
by Mike Wall, SPACE.com Senior Writer
Date: 17 August 2012 Time: 04:01 PM ET
This mosaic image shows
the first rock target (N165 circled) NASA's Curiosity rover aims to zap
with its Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) laser. The rock is off to the
right of the rover. Image taken Aug. 8, 2012. Released Aug. 17.
NASA's Mars rover Curiosity is slated to fire its rock-vaporizing laser for the first time this weekend, shortly before the 1-ton robot's maiden drive on the Red Planet.
Scientists plan to blast a Martian rock called N165 with Curiosity's laser, which is part of the rover's remote-sampling ChemCam instrument. The 3-inch-wide (7.6 centimeters) stone sits just 9 feet (2.7 meters) from Curiosity, well within ChemCam's 25-foot (7.6 m) range, scientists said.
"Our team has waited eight long years to get to this date, and we're happy that everything is looking good so far," ChemCam principal investigator Roger Wiens, of Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, told reporters today (Aug. 17). "Hopefully we'll be back early next week and be able to talk about how Curiosity's first laser shots went."
Sources: Space.com, Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA.
Glenn A. Walsh, Project Director,
Friends of the Zeiss < http://friendsofthezeiss.org >
Electronic Mail - < firstname.lastname@example.org >
SPACE & SCIENCE NEWS, ASTRONOMICAL CALENDAR:
Twitter: < http://twitter.com/
Facebook: < http://www.facebook.com/pages/
Blog: < http://spacewatchtower.
Author of History Web Sites on the Internet --
* Buhl Planetarium, Pittsburgh:
* Adler Planetarium, Chicago:
* Astronomer, Educator, Optician John A. Brashear:
< http://johnbrashear.tripod.com >
* Andrew Carnegie & Carnegie Libraries:
* Civil War Museum of Andrew Carnegie Free Library:
< http://garespypost.tripod.com >
* cable-car railway, Pittsburgh:
* Public Transit:<|endoftext|>关于Libra的讨论还没结束，USDT又出来搞事情。
2019年4月25日，纽约州检方将Tether及其母公司iFinex Inc以及Bitfinex告上法庭。在长达23页的起诉书中，检方控告两者涉嫌多项重大违规，并进一步推测Tether涉嫌挪用9亿美元的USDT准备金帮Bitfinex补足亏空。检方同时认为，Bitfinex和Tether在利用其市场地位对投资者进行持续性的欺诈。如果调查的结果属实，Bitfinex和Tether不仅可能面临高额罚款，甚至有可能被判停止运营。
近期，纽约州检方将就此事举行听证会，而Tether及相关公司需要在7月22日前做出回复。根据公开日程，听证会将于7月29日召开，还有一个星期的时间。
在寻找稳定代币的投资者眼中，Tether如神，是解决加密货币波动性这个短板的灵丹妙药；但是美国监管机构和一些批评者却认为它可能是‘妖’，并试图理清这种代币是否是个骗局；同时，一些研究人员则想揭开Tether魔性的一面，他们怀疑这种代币有操纵比特币价格和市值的嫌疑。
USDT的四宗罪
不合规
USDT的发行公司Tether是由注册地为马恩岛和香港的公司Realcoin改名而来，由于USDT的银行账户所在地不在美国，因此USDT并不在美国金融监管体系之内，也不能支持美国居民直接使用美元银行账户进行操作，只能依赖于取得FinCEN许可的Bitfinex完成美元的出入金。作为一个不受政府监管的中心化稳定币，实际上就是不合规的稳定币。
不透明
USDT自诞生就伴随着一句承诺：严格遵守1：1的保证金制度，即每发行1枚USDT代币，其账户就要增加1美元的资金储备。USDT可随时兑换美元。这种锚定美元的发行机制奠定了USDT在数字货币领域的头牌地位。这句承诺形成了USDT最普遍的共识，USDT不仅成为了数字货币波动下的避险工具，也奠定了结算币的老大地位。
不过，在USDT的整个发展过程中，其发行公司Tether银行账户信息从未公开，也从未公布过可信审计报告来证明它拥有相应的美元储备。
在一片质疑声中，事情进展至Tether和Bitfinex挪用资金风波，之后，Tether的首席法律顾问Stuart Hoegner指出，截止4月30日，公司手头有现金和现金等价物（短期证券），总额约为21亿美元，约占目前USDT总额的74%(根据USDT资源管理器数据来看，目前市场上发放了28亿美元的代币)。
随意增发
USDT发行方Tether的美元储备金和储备银行至今还是一个疑问。对于投资者来说，这始终是USDT身上令人提心吊胆的“雷”，但质疑声从未影响Tether持续“印钞”。
7月14日8:00左右，Tether Treasury在1小时内两次增发共计50.5亿USDT，并两次销毁共计50亿USDT，且都是在波场链上。对此，Bitfinex兼Tether首席科技官Paolo Ardoino已经在推特上做出回应，他表示这是一次从Omni到TronTether切换时的数据标记出现了一个问题。
不过，这一举动还是值得无限玩味。
不稳定
作为最主流的稳定币，USDT一直以来被当做避险的首选。鉴于其存在信用风险和系统风险，使得其不亚于其他币种的价格风险。因此虽然USDT短时内不会归零，但如果出现巨大的挤兑风险，信用机制丧失，可能价格会出现明显的下跌。
2018年10月，USDT流通市值27亿美元。当时媒体报道USDT抵押资产不透明，流通市值大于实际资产储备。加上USDT的托管银行涉嫌资不抵债等一系列因素影响，被各路媒体的集体抨击。彭博社发文称，一旦发现任何关于Tether不法行为证据，或者出现大量用户挤兑，那么USDT就会出现问题。报道一经发布，USDT价格就出现闪崩，短时跌幅达到11%。
类似事件，还有今年5月份USDT价格下跌。
结语
根据CoinTelegraph报道，与其论证Bitfinex和Tether通过弥补8.5亿美元的亏损来欺骗客户，考虑他们在法律纠纷中失败对iFinex和更广泛的加密货币行业产生的影响将会很有趣。
Aviya Law律师兼区块链主管Aviya Arika认为，Tether将面临的处罚将是巨额罚款。这是一个严重的预测，虽然对iFinex来说，4200万美元的罚款可能不会给公司造成财务上的破坏，但它的声誉受到的损害可能会更加深远。另外有专家认为，Tether过去对于加密的重要性，认为加密货币市场将继续存在，并在没有Tether的情况下仍将茁壮成长。
总体来看，目前还没有足够的公开证据来判断Bitfinex和Tether是否欺骗了客户，不过在这场“官司”中，不管谁获得胜利，加密货币行业仍将继续存在。<|endoftext|>On Premises Cabling
Computer networks began long before PCs, going back to the 1960s when mainframes were common and minicomputers were first introduced. The goal of networking was, of course, sharing data among users. Then as now, networking requires each user to have a unique "address," a protocol for data to be formatted to make sharing easy and a means of transferring data. Sharing data between computers and users over cables originally required high speed cables, usually coax but also shielded twisted pair.
For many years, networks were mostly proprietary, that is they worked only among computers made by one company such as IBM, Wang or DEC (Digital Equipment Corp.). In the 1970s, multiplatform networks like ARCnet and Ethernet were developed to allow different computer types to network and in the 1980s, networking took off with the introduction of the inexpensive PC.
Computer Network Architectures
The first networks like Ethernet, Arcnet, WangNet and DecNet used coax cable for as a transmission medium because it offered the highest bandwidth. Coax was used as a data bus, with network attachments connected along the cable. Thus every network device received all data transmitted but ignored any that were not addressed to it.
The original Ethernet Bus network on coax with taps
Other networks, primarily IBM's Token Ring, used shielded twisted pair cable connected into a ring. In a ring, every network attachment is a repeater, receiving data from the network, filtering out messages for itself and passing others along. The same architecture was adopted for Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) which was the first all fiber high speed network. FDDI, shown here, used a dual ring architecture to
|
4 | 5 | 1 |
file without copying the dataset or redefining its structure. Sharable. One writer and multiple readers may simultaneously access the same netCDF file. Archivable. Access to all earlier forms of netCDF data will be supported by current and future versions of the software. The netCDF software was developed by Glenn Davis, Russ Rew, Ed Hartnett, John Caron, Steve Emmerson, and Harvey Davies at the Unidata Program Center in Boulder, Colorado, with contributions from many other netCDF users.
Keywords for this software
References in zbMATH (referenced in 6 articles )
Showing results 1 to 6 of 6.
- Bangerth, Wolfgang; Davydov, Denis; Heister, Timo; Heltai, Luca; Kanschat, Guido; Kronbichler, Martin; Maier, Matthias; Turcksin, Bruno; Wells, David: The deal.II library, version 8.4 (2016)
- Kannon, Takayuki; Inagaki, Keiichiro; Kamiji, Nilton L.; Makimura, Kouji; Usui, Shiro: PLATO: data-oriented approach to collaborative large-scale brain system modeling (2011)
- Galiano, Vicente; Migallón, Héctor; Migallón, Violeta; Penadés, Jose: PyPnetCDF: a high level framework for parallel access to netCDF files (2010)
- Piernas-Canovas, Juan; Nieplocha, Jarek: Implementation and evaluation of active storage in modern parallel file systems (2010)
- Drummond, L.Anthony; Galiano, Vicente; Migallón, Violeta; Penadés, Jose: PyACTS: A Python based interface to ACTS tools and parallel scientific applications (2009)
- Li, Xiaogang; Agrawal, Gagan: Supporting high-level abstractions through XML technology (2004)
Further publications can be found at: http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/publications/bibliography/bibliography.html<|endoftext|>The Library of Congress's General Collection includes a great deal of material reflecting the enormous popular interest in ornithology and bird-life which flourished in the United States in this era, mingling science, sentiment, piety, moral didacticism, and--not least--conservation advocacy, and providing the American conservation movement itself with both significant direction and a major portion of its popular support. After consulting works included in the Conservation Collection, readers who have direct access to the Library, or to other major research libraries, might wish to look at titles such as those on the list below. They might also wish to consult some of the titles on four other Additional Resources lists, "The Nature Essay, c.1850-1920", "Arbor and Bird Day Observance, c.1872-1920", "Juvenile Nature Literature and Nature Pedagogy, c.1850-1920", and "Sportsmen and Conservationism, c.1850-1920."
Conservation Collection Home Page
Abbott, Charles Conrad. The birds about us. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott company, 1895.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.A14
Bailey, B.H. 200 wild birds of Iowa: a handbook for use in schools, and as a guide in identification for all who desire to become acquainted with our common birds. Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Audubon nature publications co., 1906.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.I6B2
Bailey, Florence Merriam. Handbook of birds of the western United States, including the Great Plains, Great Basin, Pacific Slope, and lower Rio Grande Valley.... With thirty-three full-page plates by Louis Agassiz Fuertes, and over six hundred cuts in the text. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1902.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL683.B33
Baily, William L. Our own birds: a familiar natural history of the birds of the United States.... Revised and edited by Edward D. Cope, Corresponding Secretary of the Acadamy of Natural Sciences. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1869.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.B13
Baynes, Ernest Harold. Wild bird guests: how to entertain them. With chapters on the destruction of birds, their economic and aesthetic values, suggestions for dealing with their enemies, and on the organization and management of bird clubs... With 50 photogravure illustrations from photographs. New York, E.P. Dutton & company, 1915.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.5.B35
Bignell, Effie. Mr. Chupes and Miss Jenny: the life story of two robins. New York, The Baker and Taylor company, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.B59
Blanchan, Neltje. How to attract the birds; and other talks about bird neighbours. New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1902.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.D75
Brewster, William. Memoirs of the Nuttall Ornithological Club. No. IV. The birds of the Cambridge region of Massachusetts. Cambridge, Mass., published by The Club, 1906.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.M4B8
Burba, George F. Our bird friends. Containing many things young folks ought to know--and likewise grown-ups. New York, The outing publishing company, 1908.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.B93
Chapman, Frank M. Bird-life: a guide to the study of our common birds. New York, D. Appleton and company, 1897.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C44 1897
Chapman, Frank M. Bird studies with a camera; with introductory chapters on the outfit and methods of the bird photographer.... with over one hundred photographs from nature, by the author. New York, D. Appleton and company, 1900.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.C47
Chapman, Frank M. Camps and cruises of an ornithologist. New York, D. Appleton and company, 1908.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C445
Chapman, Frank M. Color key to North American birds. New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1903.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C47
Chapman, Frank M. The economic value of birds to the state. Albany, J.B. Lyon company, printers, 1903.
LC CALL NUMBER: SB995.C46
Chapman, Frank M. Handbook of birds of eastern North America, with keys to the species and descriptions of their plumages, nests, and eggs, their distribution and migrations, and a brief account of their haunts and habits, with introductory chapters on the study of ornithology, how to identify birds, and how to collect and preserve birds, their nests, and eggs. New York, D. Appleton and company, 1895.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C46
Chapman, Frank M. Our winter birds: how to know and how to attract them. New York and London, D. Appleton and company, 1918.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C48
Chapman, Frank M. What bird is that? A pocket museum of the land birds of the eastern United States arranged according to season. New York and London, D. Appleton & company, 1920.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C5
Coues, Elliott. A check list of North American birds. Salem, [Mass.], Naturalists' agency, 1873.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL677.C85
[Coues, Elliott.] The Coues check list of North American birds. Second edition, revised to date, and entirely rewritten, under direction of the author, with a dictionary of the etymology, orthography, and orthoepy of the scientific names, the concordance of previous lists, and a catalogue of his ornithological publications. Boston, Estes and Lauriat, 1882.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL677.C86
Coues, Elliott. Key to North American birds; containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary. Salem, [Mass.], Naturalists' agency, 1872.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.C85 1872
Davie, Oliver. The naturalist's manual, containing descriptions of the nests and eggs of North American birds.... Also, instructions for collecting and preserving birds, nests, eggs & insects. Columbus, Ohio, The Columbus printing works, 1882.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL675.D29
Dixon, Royal. The human side of birds. New York, Frederick A. Stokes company, publishers, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.D65
Eyer, Benjamin F. Birds of Kansas. Topeka, Kansas, Crane & company, publishers, 1900.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.K2E9
Fish, Eldridge Eugene. The blessed birds; or, highways and byways. Buffalo, N.Y., published by Otto Ulrich, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.F53
Forbush, Edward Howe. A history of the game birds, wild-fowl and shore birds of Massachusetts and adjacent states. Including those used for food which have disappeared since the settlement of the country, and those which are now hunted for food or sport, with observations on their former abundance and recent decrease in numbers; also the means for conserving those still in existence. [Boston], issued by the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture by authority of the Legislature, 1912.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.M4F7
Forbush, Edward Howe. Useful birds and their protection. Containing brief descriptions of the more common and useful species of Massachusetts, with accounts of their food habits, and a chapter on the means of attracting and protecting birds. [Boston], published under direction of the Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, by authority of the Legislature, .
LC CALL NUMBER: SB995.F7
Herrick, Francis Hobart. The home life of wild birds: a new method of the study and photography of birds. New York and London, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1901.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.H56
Home Savings Bank, Toledo, Ohio. Saving the birds. Toledo, Ohio, 1917.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.H7
Howe, Reginald Heber, Jr. On the birds' highway. Boston, Small, Maynard & company, 1899.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.H85
James, George Wharton. The story of Scraggles. Boston, Little, Brown and company, 1906.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.J28
Job, Herbert Keightley. Wild wings: adventures of a camera-hunter among the larger wild birds of North America on sea and land. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin & company, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.J65
Keyser, Leander S. Bird-dom. Boston, D. Lothrop company, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.K42
Keyser, Leander S. Birds of the Rockies.... With eight full-page plates (four in color) by Louis Agassiz Fuertes; many illustrations in the text by Bruce Horsfall, and eight views of localities from photographs. With a complete checklist of Colorado birds. Chicago, A.C. McClurg and co., 1902.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.K44
Keyser, Leander S. Our bird comrades. Chicago, Rand, McNally & company, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.K46
Lange, D[ietrich]. Our native birds: how to protect them and attract them to our homes. New York, The Macmillan company, 1899.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.L26
Lattin, Frank H. The oologists' handbook. 1885. [Rochester, N.Y., J.P. Smith], 1884.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL675.L37
Lewis, Grace Anna. Natural history of birds. Lectures on ornithology in ten parts. Part I. Philadelphia, J.A. Bancroft & co., .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL677.L67
Long, William J. Fowls of the air. Boston and London, Ginn & company publishers, 1901.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.L84
Lord, William Rogers. A first book upon the birds of Oregon and Washington: a pocket guide and pupil's assistant in a study of most of the land birds and a few of the water birds of these States. Portland, Oregon, William Rogers Lord, 1901.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.O6L8
Mathews, F. Schuyler. Field book of birds and their music. A description of the character and music of birds, intended to assist in the identification of species common in the eastern United States.... With numerous reproductions of water color and pen-and-ink studies of birds, and complete musical notations of bird songs by the author. New York and London, G.P. Putnam's sons, 1904.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M35
Maynard, Chas. J. Eggs of North American birds. Boston, De Wolfe, Fiske & co., 1890.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL675.M47
Merriam, Florence A. A-birding on a bronco. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1896.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.B15
Merriam, Florence A. Birds of village and field: a bird book for beginners. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1898.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.B12
Merriam, Florence A. Birds through an opera glass. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1889.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.B17
Merriam, Florence A. How birds affect the farm and garden. A series of facts determined by investigation of the food habits of our common birds, showing their character as insect destroyers and their value as allies of the farmer and fruit grower. New York, Forest and Stream publishing company, .
LC CALL NUMBER: SB995.B15
Miller, Olive Thorne. A bird-lover in the West. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1894.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M655
Miller, Olive Thorne. The bird our brother: a contribution to the study of the bird as he is in life. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1908.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M718
Miller, Olive Thorne. Bird-ways. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1885.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M64
Miller, Olive Thorne. In nesting time. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1888.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M685
Miller, Olive Thorne. Little brothers of the air. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1892.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.M719
Nelson, Harry Leverett. Bird-songs about Worcester. Boston, Little, Brown, and company, 1889.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.M4N4
Parkhurst, H.E. The birds' calendar. New York, Charles Scribner's sons, 1894.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.P23
Peabody, Selim H. Cecil's book of birds. Chicago, Clarke and company, 1869.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.P37
Pearson, T. Gilbert, John Burroughs, George Gladden, and J. Ellis Burdick, eds. Birds of America. 3 vols. New York, The University society, inc., .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.B6
Porter, Gene Stratton. What I have done with birds: character studies of native American birds which, through friendly advances, I induced to pose for me, or succeeded in photographing by good fortune, with the story of my experiences in obtaining their pictures. Indianapolis, The Bobbs-Merrill company, publishers, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.P846
Reed, Chester A. Bird Guide. Part I. Water birds, game birds and birds of prey east of the Rockies. Worcester, Mass., Chas. K. Reed, 1906.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL683.R32
Reed, Chester A. Illustrated bird dictionary and note book: land birds of eastern North America. Worcester, Mass., Chas. K. Reed, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.R42
Reed, Chester A. Illustrated bird dictionary and note book: water birds, game birds, and birds of prey. Garden City, New York, Doubleday, Page & co., 1912.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.R43
Ridgway, Robert. A manual of North American birds. Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott company, 1887.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL681.R53
Seton-Thompson, Ernest. Bird portraits.... With descriptive text by Ralph Thompson. Boston, Ginn & company, 1901.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.S49
LCCN: 01-31792 Revised
Torrey, Bradford. Birds in the bush. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1885.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.T68
Webber, C.W. Wild scenes and song-birds. New York, Riker, Thorne and company, 1855.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.W37
Weed, Clarence M., and Ned Dearborn. Birds in their relation to man: a manual of economic ornithology for the United States and Canada. Philadelphia and London, J.B. Lippincott company, 1903.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.W39
[Wicks, J.B.] My bird parishioners. [Utica, N.Y., L.C. Childs & son, printers, 1896.]
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.W63
LCCN: 05-18539 rev
Wicks, John Bartlett. Bird paradise: an intimate account of a lifelong friendship with bird parishioners. Philadelphia, George W. Jacobs & company, publishers, .
LC CALL NUMBER: QL676.W6
Wright, Horace Winslow. Birds of the Boston Public Garden: a study in migration. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin company, 1909.
LC CALL NUMBER: QL684.M4W8
Wright, Mabel Osgood. Birdcraft: a field book of two hundred song, game, and water birds.... With full-page plates containing 128 birds in the natural colours, and other illustrations. New York and London, Mac
|
4 | 5 | 2 |
note 2) 1-2, and for 441 B.C., see Jebb (above, note 2) xlii-liv.
8. For the festival of Dionysus and the tragic contest, see Arthur Pickard-Cambridge, The Dramatic Festivals of Athens, rev. by John Gould and D.M. Lewis (Oxford 1986). For the social and political functions of tragedy, see Jean-Pierre Vernant, "Greek Tragedy: Problems of Interpretation, " in The Structuralist Controversy: The Languages of Criticism and the Sciences of Man, ed. by Richard Macksey and Eugenio Donato (Baltimore 1972) 273-95; Simon Goldhill, Reading Greek Tragedy (Cambridge 1986).
9. For a discussion of the audience for the tragedies and comedies, see Jeffrey Henderson, "Women and the Athenian Dramatic Festivals," Transactions of the American Philological Association 121 (1991) 133-47.
10. The actors were dressed in ankle-length robes brightly colored with patterns, soft boots of leather reaching to the calf, and a mask. The mask, constructed by a craftsman from linen, portrayed with realistic features the face and head of a young woman. The audience may have surmised that one of them is Antigone, since they knew the title of the play.
11. Antigone's name means "Against the Family." "Against" carries both the sense of "close to" and "opposed to." When Antigone first speaks she is yet without a name but her language stresses closeness. She addresses her sister with a hyperbole whose overstatement of filial closeness is further enhanced by her use of the dual number. Beside the singular and plural, Greek has a set of inflections for expressing pairs, most often, common pairs like two oxen or two eyes. Antigone encloses Ismene with language that makes them such a natural pair, and Ismene acknowledges this with dual forms of her own.
12. The daggers indicate that Greek text is corrupt and cannot be reconstructed. Translation of daggered words is approximate.
13. Antigone introduces military imagery with her first words. The generalship was an elected office among the Athenians and had both military and political importance. At the time of the Antigone, it was the office held by, among others, Pericles. For the imagery of Antigone, see Robert F. Goheen, The Imagery of Sophocles' Antigone: A Study of Poetic Language (Princeton 1951).
14. The Greek has also been translated as "in the present night." This version places the action of the prologue during the night when the Argives were retreating.
15. Dramatic action depends upon two pieces of information. Antigone says: "I kept fetching" or "I kept calling" Ismene (19) as opposed to "I called" her. Secondly, unlike Ismene who has been in the house (8-9), Antigone knows what has happened in the city. Although how she learned of Creon's decree is left unsaid, the difference is not incidental. The theater of Dionysus had no curtain to open and show Antigone before the house. Antigone and Ismene either enter together from the house or Antigone comes in silently by one of the gangways, that is, the path to and from city, calls out to the house, and Ismene enters from the house. In the first instance, Antigone's roaming in the city is left to dialogue; in the second, it is represented visually before the audience.
16. "Deeply blue" attempts the two connotations of the Greek: the color purple, and a disturbance of the sea or mind.
17. Taphos (tomb) also designates "funeral rites," "funeral feast," and "the act of performing funeral rites." All of these meanings are present, with "tomb" being foremost because of the idea of "covering."
18. After Oedipus' death, Eteocles and Polyneices agree that they will each rule Thebes as its king in alternate years. During his time in exile, Polyneices marries Argeia, daughter of Adrastus, king of Argos. When after a year Eteocles refused to abdicate, Adrastus and Polyneices lead an army of Argives against Thebes. The brothers meet at the seventh of Thebes' seven gates, Polyneices on the outside and Eteocles on the inside of the city; they slay one another. For the myths of the house of Laius, Oedipus, Eteocles, and Polyneices, see Apollodorus, The Library 3.5.7-6.8, in Michael Simpson, Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus (Amherst 1976) 143-48.
19. Public stoning, carried out by all the people, was an execution reserved for transgressions that injured the whole community. As such, it could not be murder.
20. "Noble birth" and "base born from good stock" are concepts that assert male values of ethical and moral superiority based on birth.
21. Ismene replies with an image from women's art of weaving, for which, see Eva C. Keuls, "Attic Vase-Painting and the Home Textile Industry," in Ancient Greek Art and Iconography, ed. by Warren G. Moon (Madison, WI 1983) 209-30. Ismene's question initiates the first stichomythia of the play. Stichomythia is an exchange between two actors of swiftly spoken, emotionally charged single lines that in tragedy often constitutes a contest for supremacy.
22. Antigone's military image uses the common words for being captured and for handing a city or allies over to the enemy.
23. At this point, Antigone and Ismene no longer speak to one another in the dual.
24. The military image evokes the land warfare of the day, essentially a pitched battle fought by men, called hoplites after their shield (hoplon) at close quarters on level ground in a single melee. For hoplite warfare, see Victor Davis Hanson, The Western Way of War: Infantry Battle in Classical Greece (Oxford 1989).
25. The usual
translation her words, "having criminally done holy things," implies criticism
of Antigone's decision to perform rites for Polyneices. Antigone's language allows
two meanings: first, that she will do every thing holy and secondly that she will do holy
things in a criminal way.
Antigone must the mean the first, since she cannot be criticizing her own action, but Sophocles allows the audience to hear both meanings simultaneously.
26. Antigone proposes to conduct a cremation burial of the sort provided Elpenor:
A pit is dug as deep as six feet, and its bottom furrowed with channels for ventilation. Combustible material is placed into the pit, and bier is laid on top upon which rest the corpse. After the fire reduced the body to dust, a large mound of earth is heaped over the pit and the offering ditches. See figure.
27. The image intimates that the sisters are now navigating the ship of their fortunes on different voyages.
28. Antigone implies that she will be dead.
29. For the choristers as young men, see John J. Winkler, "The Ephebes' Song: TragŰidia and Polis" in Nothing to Do with Dionysus? ed. by John J. Winkler and Froma I. Zeitlin (Princeton 1990) 20-62.
30. The river Dirce was on the west side of Thebes.
31. Helios is imagined as the driver of his four-horse sun chariot in pursuit of the fleeing Argives. The image of light shining off the horses' bridles is uncertain.
32. "Quarrels" (neikeŰn) plays on the name Polyneices (He of Much Strife or Many Quarrels).
33. The "eagle" with "snow white wings" represents the Argives as the "dragon," the Thebans. Warriors are commonly compared to animals in Homer, while similes of birds embellish the attacks of his warriors.
34. One Argive used by synecdoche for all the Argives, the "them" of line 128.
35. Hephaestus, god of fire, is synonymous with his element, but other associations may be present. Hephaestus made Harmonia a necklace for her wedding with Cadmus (Apollodorus, The Library 3.4.2). Polyneices obtains the necklace and, with it, bribes Amphiareus' wife Eriphyle to persuade her husband to join the expedition against Thebes. Amphiareus refused Adrastus since, being a seer, he foresaw that all except Adrastus would perish.
36. Ares, divine embodiment of the berserker spirit of war, is the father of the dragon that Cadmus slew in the foundation myth of Thebes. Cadmus sowed the beast's teeth in the ground, and there sprung up armed men. These fell to slaying one another, and the five remaining Spartoi (Sown Men) became the ancestors of the Theban nobility. Cadmus atoned for the dragon's slaughter by serving Ares for eight years (Apollodorus, The Library 3.4.1-2). Sophocles uses dragon metaphorically for Thebans.
37. The man is usually identified as Capaneus, one of the seven leaders of the Argive king Adrastos' army, who had sworn an oath to lay waste Thebes with or without the consent of the gods (Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 423-31; Euripides, Phoenician Women 1172-86 and Suppliant Women 496-99).
38. The finishing lines referred to here are ropes or groves in a stone slab that mark the line where the runners line up evenly at the beginning of a race and to which they return.
39. The elders describe the man as a reveler enthused by the god Bacchus, that is, Dionysus. Sophocles may be using the stem bakch- to denote madness but a secondary reference to Dionysus seems unavoidable. Bacchus is a name, perhaps Lydian in origin, for Dionysus, and so his female worshipers who were aroused by the god to an ecstatic state, were called Bacchae (female Bacchuses) and Maenads (woman maddened with Dionysus).
40. In a four-horse racing team, the outer horses drew by ropes (traces), while the inner ones were harnessed to the yoke or collar. The chariot went down the right side of the course, turned around a post, and came back on the left. In the turn, the driver spurred the outer or right horse, at the same time slackening its reins. He then left it to the horse to resist centrifugal forces and pull the chariot around through the turn. See Homer, Iliad 23.334-43 for a description. The horse became a byword for a trusty helper in a time of need.
41. "Zeus Turner" is the god in his capacity as the maker of a "turning." When one side or part of a side in the clash of lines could no longer withstand the pressure of the pushing, it could weakened and collapse into rout--the moment of "turning."
42. A word meaning "ruler" is commonly inserted in the lacuna.
43. The Coryphaeus' verb derives from the same verb as the prothesis, the "laying forth" or wake, thus alluding to the Creon's denial of this ritual for Polyneices.
44. That is, the grandsons of Laius and sons of Oedipus, Eteocles and Polyneices.
45. By the fourth century, nearness of kin (anchisteia) had been defined by law to children of first cousins. W.K. Lacey (The Family in Classical Greece [London 1968] 28-29) describes this kinship group as "the group which was entitled, in due order, to succeed to vacant estates, and had legal duties and responsibilities in case of death within the group, especially if it was death by violence; the anchisteia was obliged to bury its own dead, and to seek vengeance, or at least purification, for the violent death of any of its members."
46. The Greek denotes a living body, not a corpse.
47. The Greek also denotes "custom." Since Creon has been making "laws" (177; 449), "law" would be what he would have heard, but "custom" is always present. "To use every custom" expresses a very different sentiment, one the Coryphaeus implies, it seems, by his qualifying "I suppose."
48. The Greek implies a "protector" or "guardian" for the corpse as well as watchmen to be "lookouts" for anyone who invades the domain he has asserted over Polyneices' corpse.
49. The reader must await the Watchman's words, but the spectator can see that the man stops often and turns around as if to leave, only to resume his progress toward the house.
50. The manuscripts have a verb that means "you take aim," a military image like that of the following verb. We have adopted an emendation that maintains the imagery but leads more smoothly into the second verb. The Watchman, as it were, returns to ranks and surrounds himself with defenders.
51. With the participle sÍmanŰn (to announce), Sophocles keeps the sound of the absence sÍma (marker by with a grave, a mound) upon the ears of those in the audience. We have tried to indicate the presence of a word with the root sÍm- by the English "mark."
52. Also: "skin" or "body."
53. The Greek pausai combines the explosive sound of the first syllable, "pow!" with the hissing sibilants of the second, "ssssssai," a far more violent sound than the English "stop." The effect surely was intensified by the Greek aversion to the sound of "s."
54. The Greek denotes both an established usage or custom and the current coin, that is, money.
55. Hades is used for both the god and the place.
56. Creon threatens the watchmen with being hung from a pole and left to die.
57. The Watchman's beeline for the gangway and the refuge in the countryside away from Creon visualizes his resolve. Thus the scene begins and ends on the spectacle of a single figure traversing the cavea of the audience.
58. That is, mules "who are better than oxen for dragging the jointed plow through the deep fallow (Homer, Iliad 10.352-53).
59. Namely, the wild goat.
60. In a mirroring effect, Sophocles has this scene reflect or draw the audience back to the earlier one involving the watchman. . In this way, he could use the similarities, both visually and verbally, to highlight the differences between the scenes. For mirroring scenes, see Taplin (above, note 5) 122-39.
61. "Heaven" is the seat of the gods. Also possible is "a pain reaching to heaven." The Greek does not suggest "heavenly" in the sense of "delightful" or "beatific."
62. Certainty is thwarted by syntactical ambiguity that allows at least a second reading: "an orphaned bed of nestlings' empty bedding."
63. The clause may also be translated: "when she sees a corpse bare," because it is not certain whether the adjective is attributive or predicate. The former indicates that the body is bare, while the latter implies that it was covered and has been laid bare.
64. We have changed our usual translation of the Greek verb from "do" to "act" in order to be able to mimic the absence of a direct object and so maintain the ambiguity of the original. Also in line 483.
65. Zeus Herkeios (Zeus of the Fence) protected the boundary of every Greek household and the possessions enclosed within. His altar stood in the courtyard where the master of the house (kyrios) conducted sacrifice and the "rite of sprinkling" of family, slaves and guests with water, a ritual binding those present to one another. Creon may be imagined as having conducted this rite with Antigone and Ismene many times.
66. Cadmus is the founder of Thebes, and so Thebans are also called Cadmeians.
67. The image is that of a dog putting its tail between its legs in fear.
68. Antigone's word is nomos. See above, note 47.
69. A common but mistaken translation is: "My nature is to join in love, not hate."
70. Ismene is surrounded by female slaves, companions of the women's quarters. They are not mentioned in the script, but when Creon orders Antigone and Ismene to be led inside the house, he addresses female slaves (578), so they must have escorted her outside.
71. Antigone's language allows two meanings: Ismene is an advocate for the living Creon and a mourner for the dead Creon. In each case she gives Creon her voice in aid.
72. Ismene returns for the last time to the dual number, implying that Antigone and she are once again an inseparable pair.
73. That is, Antigone, bride of Haemon whose name is formed from the root haim- (blood).
74. The verb translated "fit" denotes both "joining together" and "arranging a marriage."
75. When Creon asserts his mastery over the house of Labdacus, he assumes its history, and the house itself becomes a silent player in the drama.
76. Storms blowing from Thrace were in the northern Aegean. Athenians perhaps associated the stroms with the primitive and warlike peoples that inhabited Thrace.
77. Labdacus' sons are Laius and his son Oedipus. The assonance of p and n substitutes for that of the Greek in pi and mu.
78. Many editors accept the emendation of "knife" for "dust" of the manuscripts.
79. An Erinys is a divine being who avenges serious wrongs, including murder and perjury. She enforces the order of nature, may embody a curse, and brings mental blindness and ruin upon the perpetrator of wrongdoing or a descendant.
80. The archaism imitates Sophocles' use of a word from epic that is does not occur elsewhere in extant tragedy.
81. The actor playing Haemon must also be playing either Antigone or Ismene. If Antigone, the similarity of voice marks the harmony Ismene claimed for her and Haemon, while the voice of the Ismene actor would bring back the voice that defended Haemon to appeal to Creon in the person of Haemon himself. The actor wears the unbearded mask of
|
4 | 5 | 3 |
to address and solve many pedagogical and behavioral issues within schools.
Action research allows room for both personal and professional growth and can yield positive results, along the run, along the way
on for both individual teachers and school policies. So, while some teachers are striving to justly educate young learners, the hope, that this CALL will reach the rest of teachers and responsible stakeholders, stays forever. I think these last two words are not necessary. Or maybe you could rephrase the sentence.
- Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom learning. Assessment in
Education 5 (1), 7-74.
- Gardner, H. (2006). The Development and the Education of the Mind. New York: Routledge.
- Gardner, H. (2004). The Unschooled Mind: How Children Learn and How Schools Should Teach. New York: Basic Books.<|endoftext|>Mock Trial for Elementary School
Order in the court! Give students a hands-on opportunity to participate in the justice system.
Did Plankton steal Mr. Krab's famous Krabby Patty recipe? Will the jury rule in his favor? Let your students argue the case and help decide his fate at the next Mock Trial!
"Our students are on cloud nine! They had the greatest time this morning. Thank you for everything you did to make it work for us. We will be in touch!” – 5th grade teacher, Quarton Elementary School
An eight-year-old arguing a court case just became a reality! The OCBA, in collaboration with Oakland Schools, is pleased to offer this creative learning approach for students in grades 2-6. The Mock Trial program allows students to take a hands-on learning approach to all aspects of a court case. Introducing children to the who, what, where, when and why of the law can foster a lifelong appreciation for the legal justice system.
Your students will work in teams and learn about different roles and responsibilities in the courtroom through interactive role play. The mock trial involves an alleged theft of intellectual property (a recipe) using the SpongeBob Squarepants characters familiar to students. Students truly enjoy the funny script, the supporting props, the opportunity to act out the trial in a real courtroom and they get to actively participate in determining a verdict!
Are you interested in bringing the Mock Trial program to your classroom? Here's how it works. An OCBA attorney volunteer(s) will visit your classroom to kick off and explain the program. He or she will answer students’ questions about the court system, the experience of being a lawyer, and the theft of SpongeBob’s delicious recipe. The Mock Trial program concludes with a field trip to the local district court or the Oakland County Circuit Court, where students will present their mock trial in an actual courtroom setting. A sitting judge will preside over the case, and local attorneys will also participate. In some cases, the program can also include the chance to observe an actual trial or jury selection.
This program is designed to specifically fit within the State of Michigan’s Social Studies Content Expectations and the Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum to meet Common Core standards for reading, thinking, speaking and writing.
With a grant from the Oakland County Bar Foundation, the OCBA is able to reimburse travel expenses, making this program free to our Oakland County schools.
For more program information or to register, complete the Mock Trial Program Application Form.
You may also choose to review additional program materials:
Questions? Call Kristen Dimich at (248) 334-3400
Back to Resources for the Public<|endoftext|>Published on April 23rd, 2016 | by Amira Almakzomy | Credit: Harun Kaya0
Role of entrepreneurship in fighting social exclusion
What role does entrepreneurship play in fighting social exclusion, and what are the barriers faced by immigrant entrepreneurs?
Entrepreneurship has the potential to be a solution for social exclusions in the EU and around the world. Inclusive entrepreneurship policies ensure that all members of society have an equal opportunity to start a business. The article will portray some barriers faced by ethnic minority entrepreneurs, as well as policies that aim to support those who face challenges in setting up sustainable businesses, particularly focusing on immigrants and women.
A research suggests that there were only 9 million self-employed women compared with 21 million self-employed men in 2012 in the EU. Moreover, research says that the majority of entrepreneurs in the EU are wealthy, well-educated, native-born, males, which does not support inclusiveness.
According to European Commission there is an entrepreneurship quality gap between disadvantaged social groups and the rest of the population. The business turnover, income from self-employment and business survival rates are all lower for immigrants and women.
Immigrant entrepreneurs are a very diverse group, some come from entrepreneurial cultures while others do not. Entrepreneurs usually face many barriers, however ethnic minorities and migrants face more challenges than mainstream entrepreneurs. According to European Commission research shows that immigrants tend to experience more barriers to creating businesses than native entrepreneurs. For new immigrant’s regulatory requirements can be difficult to understand, they are also more likely to be forced to rely on informal finance.
Some of the barriers faced are:
Access to finance can be a barrier for business start-ups, particularly for recent immigrants who cannot demonstrate a credit history or have never participated in the formal banking system.
- Lack of entrepreneurship skills:
A lack of entrepreneurship skills can hinder business creation. Particular challenges for ethnic minority and immigrant entrepreneurs are often related to business management skills, and ability to speak the language used in the business environment.
- Institutional barrier:
Entrepreneurs are unfamiliar with business and regulatory environment, such as regulations for market entry and exit, laws governing commercial transactions, and laws that affect the cost of setting up businesses and conducting business activities. For ethnic minorities this is even more the case than mainstream entrepreneurs. Ethnic minority entrepreneurs tend to perceive government regulation as a major negative influence. This is because entrepreneurs from ethnic minority groups can have difficulties understanding the laws, administrative requirements and regulations. Immigrants lack the knowledge and skills to cope with unfamiliar institutions or environment. Thus, sometimes they have difficulties in setting up businesses especially in highly regulated industries.
Although research suggests that government regulation is often a barrier to entrepreneurship, however laws and regulations can also be made to open up opportunities for entrepreneurship by creating a favourable environment for entrepreneurship.
When it comes to institutional barriers we also have to acknowledge the challenge of the normative institutions. This are the values that influence preferences in a society or the social standards of what is considered preferable and desirable. Normative institutions also include entrepreneurship culture. For instance, research shows that African and Pakistani entrepreneurs in the United Kingdom are affected by lower level of acceptance of entrepreneurship than mainstream entrepreneurs and other ethnic minorities such as Chinese or Indians.
Policy makers on local, national and regional levels have the ability to support the objective of inclusive entrepreneurship with programmes that increase people’s awareness of and motivation for entrepreneurship.
A policy response to overcome the above-mentioned barriers could be offering specialized training schemes, microfinance, institutional support and follow-up support.
Specialized training schemes would help immigrants develop solid business projects and become more aware of the financing opportunities available to them. This could consist of short few days courses in entrepreneurship for immigrants to hone their skills. For example, in Denmark they had ‘Getting Started Camps’ which provided a two-day course for refugee and immigrant women. After 3 years, 16 percent of participants were self-employed comparing to 3 percent at the beginning of the camps. Such workshops can give the entrepreneurs skills needed to start their businesses. Thus, motivated and capable people should be supported by entrepreneurship skills development trainings, as well as building connections between them and networking.
Another policy proposal is targeted microfinance; this could be based on competition. Governments or NGO’s can create Entrepreneurial programmes where they give grants to the best ideas, as well as networking events and additional needed services for starting up. There could also be specific microfinance programmes targeting women only, as they are often under-represented in some societies. Important stakeholders and mainstream support providers, such as chambers of commerce and microfinance institutions should give much more support to immigrant entrepreneurs and women.
Policy makers should take actions to reduce the institutional barriers and help entrepreneurs better operate in the business environment. The institutions should support the immigrant entrepreneurs to understand local laws concerning opening up businesses better. As well as teach them what is considered preferable, and acceptable culturally in that country.
It is also crucial to offer follow-up support and not only focus on the start-up phase. Often times potential entrepreneurs may have great ideas and motivations, and although they may get initial financial support they may still fail. This is due to lack of business development experience. To avoid this, integrated packages of business development services that combine counselling, coaching, and mentoring should be offered including supervision of the post start-up phase.
Finally, an important policy recommendation is to increase monitoring and evaluation in order to see the impact of the support schemes on start-up enterprises and social inclusion.<|endoftext|>Monday, Feb. 1, 2010 | 2 a.m.
- The small oversight that threatens the valley’s big pipeline proposal (1-31-2010)
- Nevada Supreme Court tosses Las Vegas claims to rural water (1-28-2010)
- Nevada Supreme Court to expedite water rights case (1-22-2010)
- Governor delays signing Utah-Nevada water-sharing pact (1-9-2010)
- Supreme Court OKs $4 million water rights settlement (12-14-2009)
- Utah, Nevada draft water agreement (8-13-09)
Sometimes in nature, the simplest solutions lead to the most convoluted results.
Take the saltcedar tree, one of the greatest scourges of the West; it chokes out native plants, sucks up water like a sponge and ruins recreation spots.
And it might have been good news that there’s a small, voracious insect — the tamarisk beetle, moving into the area from the north that, left on its own, seems destined to devour and kill the saltcedars that are clogging washes and sucking them dry.
But the saltcedar is now protecting itself with a hostage: the endangered Southwestern Willow flycatcher, a songbird that has adopted the plant as its habitat.
In the face of this ecological challenge, land managers are scraping together a desperate plan to save the bird and reinstate native ecology.
Federal agencies and conservation groups are on the hunt for money to introduce their strategy at Lake Mohave and along the Virgin River.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service hopes to land a federal stimulus grant in the next few months to pay for a crew of chainsaw-wielding contractors to clear a couple of hundred acres of saltcedar in the best bird habitat spots alongside Lake Mohave and replace them with native vegetation to serve the flycatchers while the beetles destroy the other stands of saltcedar.
There is urgency in their work, because the beetles are on their way.
In this ecological melodrama, here’s the playbill:
Tamarix trees, known locally as saltcedar or tamarisks, were introduced in the United States from Western Asia in the late 19th century as a fast-growing windbreak. But the hardy trees’ massive annual seed output allowed them to spread quickly, settling in creeks and washes where they pushed out native cottonwood and willow trees.
They’re easy to kill — a bulldozer or fire will do it — but they’re so quick to sprout new saplings that cleared riverbanks need constant maintenance in order for natives to re-establish.
The invasive saltcedar is no friend to the desert. It provides little shade, supports few birds and bugs, and significantly increases the salt content in soil. The tree drives out hawks and eagles and most of the smaller plants that would have been able to thrive under the canopy of a billowy willow or tall cottonwood.
“If you’ve spent any time in the back country in Southern Nevada and sat down under one of these wonderful cottonwood or willow trees, there are all these little plants and all the animals around you,” said U.S. Forest Service Vegetation Chief Alice C. Newton. “Contrast that with a thicket of tamarisk — nobody wants to walk through that, even animals. There’s almost no shade unless you’re huddled underneath and the ground isn’t covered with babbling brooks and leaves. It’s all tamarisk duff. It’s about as ugly a monoculture as you can get.”
Most damaging about the tree is its tremendous water consumption. Saltcedars are estimated to use a million acre-feet of Colorado River water every year — about four times the amount consumed by Southern Nevada annually.
Removing the saltcedars “benefits all Colorado River users by conserving billions of gallons of water,” Southern Nevada Water Authority spokesman J.C. Davis said. “We have been monitoring the beetle strategy, and early results give cause for optimism.”
The quarter-inch-long tamarisk beetle originates in China and two areas of Kazakhstan in western Asia, where they are so voracious they often must be attacked with insecticides to protect the native tamarix stands.
It is a singularly focused insect, eating little else. It has other benefits in the war against the saltcedar: the beetle doesn’t produce the air pollution that would result from burning saltcedar trees, doesn’t taint soil as would herbicides, and is cheaper than running bulldozers.
The endangered Southwestern Willow flycatcher, a small songbird that lives along tree-covered riverbanks in the desert Southwest, was forced out of native cottonwood and willow stands for the encroaching saltcedar.
The slow destruction of the saltcedar could be a good thing for the flycatcher except that the beetles kill the trees after the birds have nested, leaving them vulnerable to sun and predators, and native vegetation can’t grow back fast enough to create new nesting sites.
The beetle is wending its way down the Virgin River from St. George, Utah, where it was wrongly released by researchers in 2006, and from other parts of Utah.
Wildlife experts expect it to be established at Lake Mead by 2013.
In the wake of the St. George release, the Center for Biological Diversity and the Maricopa Audubon Society in 2009 successfully sued to stop further releases of the insect, claiming the government should have known the beetle could survive further south, killing saltcedar and putting the flycatcher at risk.
“This is very serious because if they get below Lake Mead, we’ll lose the flycatcher in Arizona and New Mexico,” Center for Biological Diversity co-founder Robin Silver said. “Because of the blunders and corruption of (government) officials, we’re looking at an extinction.”
But there are no efforts to halt the spread of the tamarisk beetle. Beetle studies across the West are wrapping up, including those in Northern Nevada, which loses its funding this month. Researchers here have mostly moved on to other projects or moved out of state.
“At this point we decided we’ll not promote any further movement of the tamarisk beetle in Nevada, but we’re not putting forth any proposals to (kill) the beetles that are eating the saltcedar,” Nevada state entomologist Jeff Knight said.<|endoftext|>به گزارش گروه سیاسی خبرگزاری دانشجو،حسینعلی حاجی دلیگانی نماینده مردم شاهین شهر در جلسه علنی امروز مجلس شورای اسلامی و در تذکر آئین نامه ای با استناد به ماده ۸۶ آئین نامه داخلی مجلس و با اشاره به دو هفته تعطیلی تابستانی نمایندگان از هفته آینده، اظهار داشت: با توجه به شرایطی که از لحاظ اقتصادی مردم ما دارند و با توجه به اینکه ما جوابی بابت مسائل اقتصادی و تورم افسار گسیخته برای مردم نداریم، خواهش من این است که یا این دو هفته تعطیلی را لغو کنید یا یک هفته در نظر گرفته شود.
وی افزود: مردم در حوزه های انتخابیه از ما سوال می پرسند که چطور ممکن است یک نفر این همه سکه پیش خرید کند و بازار اینچنین شود؟ هرچند ما استیضاح وزیر اقتصاد را با تعداد امضای کافی آماده کرده ایم و طرح تحقیق و تفحص از بانک مرکزی را هم دنبال می کنیم.
علی لاریجانی در پاسخ به تذکر این نماینده اظهار داشت: قرار بود جلسه ای با موضوع گرانیها برگزار شود، اما چون وزیر حضور نداشت فعلا تشکیل نشد ولی احتمالاً در همین دو سه روز آینده برگزار می شود.<|endoftext|>Churchill, Hitler, and "the Unnecessary War"
How Britain Lost Its Empire and the West Lost the WorldBook - 2008
Patrick Buchanan makes the case that, if not for the blunders of British statesmen--Winston Churchill first among them--the horrors of two world wars and the Holocaust might have been avoided and the British Empire might never have collapsed into ruins. Half a century of murderous oppression of scores of millions under the iron boot of Communist tyranny might never have happened, and Europe's central role in world affairs might have been sustained for many generations.--From amazon.com.
Publisher: New York : Crown Publishers, c2008
Edition: 1st ed
Characteristics: xxi, 518 p. : ill., maps ; 24 cm<|endoftext|>C’è l’ipotesi di reato di truffa per Stephane Richard, ex capo di gabinetto di Christine Lagarde, ai tempi in cui l’attuale direttrice del Fondo monetario era ministro dell’Economia e attualmente presidente di France Telecom (Orange). Richard, ricoverato in ospedale per uno stato di affaticamento durante le ultime 48 ore trascorse in stato di fermo giudiziario, è stato interrogato e posto sotto inchiesta nel caso dell’arbitrato – che l’Eliseo ha deciso di contestare – fra l’uomo d’affari Bernard Tapie e la banca Credit Lyonnais.
Dopo 48 ore di interrogatorio da parte degli uomini della finanza, Richard, uno dei patron più potenti di Francia, è stato posto sotto inchiesta per truffa. Stessa sorte potrebbe conoscere Jean-Francois Rocchi, ex presidente del Consorzio di realizzazione (CDR) (organismo incaricato di saldare il risarcimento in favore di Tapie) anch’egli in stato di fermo.
L’ex capo di gabinetto della Lagarde, alla quale è stato concesso lo statuto di “testimone informato dei fatti”, si è detto “fiducioso e combattivo”. Il 29 maggio, uno dei tre giudici del tribunale arbitrale sospettato di aver deciso in modo troppo favorevole a Tapie, Pierre Estoup, fu il primo ad essere messo sotto inchiesta per truffa.
Richard si ha spiegato per due giorni di fronte agli inquirenti la decisione adottata nel 2007 di ricorrere a un arbitrato per risolvere la disputa, in particolare sull’adozione della decisione che condusse alla scelta di un tribunale privato e sul ruolo che svolsero il ministero dell’Economia e l’Eliseo. L’inchiesta riguarda anche il modo in cui furono designati gli “arbitri” e la decisione del governo di non contestare successivamente questo arbitrato, molto controverso e sospetto, in base al quale Tapie fu risarcito con 403 milioni di euro per il danno subito con la vendita della sua azienda Adidas nel 1993.
Richard ha dichiarato fra l’altro che nell’estate 2007 una riunione di ‘conferma’ della scelta dell’arbitrato si tenne con l’allora segretario generale dell’Eliseo, Claude Gueant, vicinissimo a Nicolas Sarkozy, in presenza di Rocchi.
Non ci fu però “né ordine, né istruzione, né particolare pressione” da parte della presidenza
|
4 | 6 | 0 |
and force that few expected. The question is whether those changes might invalidate assumptions made by Madison and the other Founders as they designed a system of self-governance. Compared with Americans in the 18th century—and even the late 20th century—citizens are now more connected to one another, in ways that increase public performance and foster moral grandstanding, on platforms that have been designed to make outrage contagious, all while focusing people’s minds on immediate conflicts and untested ideas, untethered from traditions, knowledge, and values that previously exerted a stabilizing effect. This, we believe, is why many Americans—and citizens of many other countries, too—experience democracy as a place where everything is going haywire.
It doesn’t have to be this way. Social media is not intrinsically bad, and has the power to do good—as when it brings to light previously hidden harms and gives voice to previously powerless communities. Every new communication technology brings a range of constructive and destructive effects, and over time, ways are found to improve the balance. Many researchers, legislators, charitable foundations, and tech-industry insiders are now working together in search of such improvements. We suggest three types of reform that might help:
(1) Reduce the frequency and intensity of public performance. If social media creates incentives for moral grandstanding rather than authentic communication, then we should look for ways to reduce those incentives. One such approach already being evaluated by some platforms is “demetrication,” the process of obscuring like and share counts so that individual pieces of content can be evaluated on their own merit, and so that social-media users are not subject to continual, public popularity contests.
(2) Reduce the reach of unverified accounts. Bad actors—trolls, foreign agents, and domestic provocateurs—benefit the most from the current system, where anyone can create hundreds of fake accounts and use them to manipulate millions of people. Social media would immediately become far less toxic, and democracies less hackable, if the major platforms required basic identity verification before anyone could open an account—or at least an account type that allowed the owner to reach large audiences. (Posting itself could remain anonymous, and registration would need to be done in a way that protected the information of users who live in countries where the government might punish dissent. For example, verification could be done in collaboration with an independent nonprofit organization.)
(3) Reduce the contagiousness of low-quality information. Social media has become more toxic as friction has been removed. Adding some friction back in has been shown to improve the quality of content. For example, just after a user submits a comment, AI can identify text that’s similar to comments previously flagged as toxic and ask, “Are you sure you want to post this?” This extra step has been shown to help Instagram users rethink hurtful messages. The quality of information that is spread by recommendation algorithms could likewise be improved by giving groups of experts the ability to audit the algorithms for harms and biases.
Many Americans may think that the chaos of our time has been caused by the current occupant of the White House, and that things will return to normal whenever he leaves. But if our analysis is correct, this will not happen. Too many fundamental parameters of social life have changed. The effects of these changes were apparent by 2014, and these changes themselves facilitated the election of Donald Trump.
If we want our democracy to succeed—indeed, if we want the idea of democracy to regain respect in an age when dissatisfaction with democracies is rising—we’ll need to understand the many ways in which today’s social-media platforms create conditions that may be hostile to democracy’s success. And then we’ll have to take decisive action to improve social media.
This article appears in the December 2019 print edition with the headline “Why It Feels Like Everything Is Going Haywire.”<|endoftext|>Writing Well: Subject to Change
Subject to Change
Don't forget: A research paper isn't a laundry list of your findings. Rather, it's a unified argument that incorporates all relevant information.
Some of us have greatness thrust upon us; the rest of us have to settle for subjects. If you're given the subject of your research paper (a common occurrence in business and government jobs), you're all set. If not, the ball is in your court.
The right subject can make your paper; the wrong one can break it. How can you tell if you've picked a stinker? Unsatisfactory subjects ?
- Can't be completed within your time frame.
- Can't be researched since the material doesn't exist.
- Don't argue a point.
- Are inappropriate, offensive, or vulgar.
Understand that nearly every subject can be researched, but not every subject should be researched. After all, why waste your time finding information about a subject that's been done to death? Banal and boring subjects often lead to banal and boring research papers. Give yourself (and your readers) a break by starting with an original subject or an original way of looking at an old subject.
One Percent Inspiration + Ninety-Nine Percent Perspiration = Great Subjects
?I don't have anything to write about,? you moan. Quit your kvetching; you know far more than you think you do. Besides, Dr. Laurie's here now. So take two of these ideas and thank me in the morning.
Top Ten Ways to Get Great Research Paper Ideas
- Read subject headings. You can skim the multi-volume Library of Congress Subject Headings (a reference text), leaf through a Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, or even check the subjects listed on your Web browser.
- Browse through encyclopedias. Skim online, book, or CD-ROM encyclopedia headings for a rich list of topics.
- Stroll the stacks. Walk around the shelves and see what topics catch your eye. Or, let your fingers do the walking by skimming the library's book catalog.
- Consider textbooks. Pick a field that intrigues you and check out a few textbooks in that area. Read the table of contents; leaf through the pages. Find an idea that piques your interest and delve into it.
- Tap into your journal. As you learned in ?Picture This: Description,? your journal can be a place to store fabulous writing ideas. Make a withdrawal now.
- Make a list and check it twice. If you've been assigned the paper in a class, jot down all the ideas linked to the subject of the class. For example, if you're taking a sociology class, you might list working women, divorce laws, immigration regulations, and eating disorders. One of these might make a good paper.
- The medium is the message. Create a visual, as you learned. Many writers find that charts, webs, graphs, and other pictures help them generate a slew of ideas.
- Ask questions. Use the five Ws and H (who, what, when, where, why, and how) to help you consider all sides of an issue.
- Talk the talk. Speak to people who have written research papers: teachers, parents, and professionals. Doctors, lawyers, accountants, real estate salespeople, computer programmers, and other business people are all excellent sources for ideas.
- Read, listen, and watch. Read anything and everything: newspapers, magazines, journals, critical reviews, essays, and matchbook covers. Watch TV, listen to the radio, go to the movies. Inspiration is all around; just tap into it.
If you've been assigned a subject you detest, see if you can find an aspect of the subject that you like. Nearly all topics can be tweaked a bit here and there. Of course, always clear those ?tweaks? with the person who assigned the topic.
Warning: Your teacher may make selecting and narrowing a subject part of the research paper process itself. As a result, you may be assessed on how well you choose and focus the subject of your paper.
The media is an excellent source of research paper subjects, but rather than focusing on the side everyone else sees, probe a little deeper for the story behind the story. This can help you get an intelligent and unusual slant.
Time to Squeeze the Tomatoes
So now you have some ideas for subjects?how can you tell if they're keepers? Ask yourself these questions as you evaluate your catch:
- How much time do I have? The amount of time you have to write a research paper is vital since it's all too easy to get caught up in your research and make it a career choice. So choose a subject that you can complete in the time you've been allotted.
- How long must my paper be? When it comes to subjects for research papers, length matters. It will obviously take you much longer to write a 50-page research paper than it will to write a 10-page one. Weigh this consideration as you select a subject. The shorter the paper and the longer you have to write, the more leeway you'll have to select a challenging subject that will require more research.
- What type of research must I do? As you'll learn in ?Seek and Ye Shall Find,? there are two main kinds of sources: primary sources and secondary sources. Primary sources include firsthand material such as letters, interviews, and eyewitness accounts. Secondary sources include almanacs, biographies, and encyclopedias. Sometimes, you'll have to use a specific type of source, or a mix. If that's the case, factor it into the subject/choice equation.
- What are my reader's expectations? Some subjects play better than others. You don't want to parrot back the reader's own words, but neither do you want to deliberately antagonize your reader. I'm always astonished at the number of times I explain, ?I'm fed up to here with papers on gun control, euthanasia, and the death penalty??and I still get papers on gun control, euthanasia, and the death penalty. I crave papers on new topics, such as cloning, filtering the Internet, and a flat tax. Heck, I'd even be delighted to receive a paper that argues the merits of artificial turf over natural grass ? rather than another research paper on gun control, euthanasia, and the death penalty.
Never select a subject that condescends to your readers, offends them, or panders to them. Don't try to shock them, either?it always backfires.
You can stint on many things, but not when it comes to selecting the topic for your research paper. Judge your topic harshly; you don't want to end up picking a stinker.
Judge and Jury
You shouldn't pick a subject just like that, but you're not going to have time to dally. If you're stuck in third gear, try these suggestions to get your engine revving:
- Remember that your purpose is to persuade. With a research paper, you're arguing a point. If you can't slant the subject to be persuasive, toss it back.
- Select a subject you like. If you have a choice, try to select a subject that interests you. You'll be living together a while, so why not make it pleasant?
- Be practical. Look for topics that have enough information available, but not so much information that you can't possibly dig through it all. Writing a research paper is challenging enough without shooting yourself in the foot.
- Beware of hot subjects. ?Hot? subjects?very timely, popular issues?often lack the expert attention that leads to reliable information. The books, articles, and interviews on such subjects have often been produced in great haste. As a result, they're not carefully fact-checked.
- Recognize that not all questions have answers. Some questions invite informed opinions based on the evidence you've gathered from research. Dealing with questions that don't have definitive answers can make your paper provocative and intriguing.
You can pick a winner, fellow writer. After all, you had the wisdom to invite me to guide you on the path to better writing. That's how I know you're an intelligent, sophisticated judge of character.
Excerpted from The Complete Idiot's Guide to Writing Well 2000 by Laurie Rozakis, Ph.D.. All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form. Used by arrangement with Alpha Books, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc.<|endoftext|>Ödeme sırasında bu promosyon kodunu kullanın ve Lenovo'nuzda %45 tasarruf edin.com ThinkPad X ve T serisi siparişi.
Lenovo'da e-posta ile kaydolun.com ve siparişinizde 100$ tasarruf etmek için bu promosyonun tadını çıkarın.
Bu LENOVO Kupon kodunu kullanın ve bazı YOGA C40 serisi 930'si 2 arada dizüstü bilgisayarlar için şimdi% 1 tasarruf edebilirsiniz
Şimdi bir LENOVO üyesi olursanız, bu promosyonu kullanabilir ve 100 $ veya daha fazla indirim ile promosyon ve kupon almak için şimdi kaydolabilirsiniz.<|endoftext|>"Londra’yı İşgal Et" eylemcilerinin tarihî Saint Paul Katedrali önündeki kampı, gece yarısı yapılan polis baskını ile boşaltıldı.
"Occupy London" (Londra’yı İşgal Et) eylemi çerçevesinde Londra’nın en önemli tarihî mekânlarından Saint Paul Katedrali’nin önüne dört ay önce kurulan kamp, dün gece yarısı polis baskını ile boşaltıldı.
Yetkili kurumlardan yapılan açıklamada, kampın polis gücü ile dağıtılmasından üzgün olunduğu, ancak mahkemenin geçen hafta verdiği eylem alanındaki çadırların tahliye edilmesi kararının yerine getirilmiş olduğu belirtildi. Zira eylemciler karara rağmen kampı boşaltmamakta direniyordu.
Eylemciler polis baskınına barikatlar kurarak karşı koymaya çalıştı. Yer yer arbedenin yaşandığı baskında eylemciler arasında kamptan uzaklaştırılmamak için kendilerini kelepçeleyenler de oldu. Polis yetkililerinin açıklamalarına göre kamptaki 60 kişiden 20’si gözaltına alındı.
ABD'deki “Wall Street’i İşgal Et” hareketini örnek alan eylemciler, katedralin girişindeki alana 15 Ekim 2011'de yaklaşık 200 çadırdan oluşan bir kamp kurmuştu. “Wall Street’i İşgal Et” hareketi ABD’de uluslararası mali sistemin gücünü ve sosyal adaletsizliği protesto etmek amacıyla başlamıştı.
© Deutsche Welle Türkçe
afpd/ epd, BD/ BÖ<|endoftext|>Test su 1200 gia’ utilizzati e 5000 in sviluppo
E’ un vero e proprio ‘Alzheimer in provetta’ quello creato da Rudolph Tanzi, ricercatore del Massachussets General Hospital di Boston. Le cellule cerebrali modificate, spiega nell’articolo su Nature, non solo hanno creato le connessioni tipiche del cervello umano, ma hanno sviluppato anche le placche e gli ‘ammassi’ di proteine tipici della malattia, un modello su cui si potranno studiare le possibili terapie.
Fino a questo momento, spiega Tanzi al New York Times, per gli studi sull’Alzheimer si usano topi geneticamente modificati per sviluppare la malattia, che però rispondono in maniera diversa rispetto all’uomo. Il ricercatore ha fatto crescere delle cellule cerebrali con i geni per sviluppare l’Alzheimer in un gel all’interno di una piastra di Petri, e in poco tempo ha ottenuto un network neurale che ha sviluppato prima le placche amiloidi, causate dall’accumulo di proteine, e poi gli ‘ammassi neurofibrillari’ tipici della malattia che invece nei topi non si formano. L’esperimento continuerà con il test di 1200 farmaci già sul mercato e 5mila sperimentali utilizzando le cellule ottenute in questo modo. ”Questo non sarebbe possibile con i topi – afferma Tanzi – anche solo per il fatto che ogni molecola richiederebbe un anno”.
Fonti.<|endoftext|>CHE DIO MALEDICA CHI CI GOVERNA E CI HA RIDOTTO COSI'
TROVATA IN RETE...MI HA COMMOSSO
purtroppo sono tanti..a roma termini c'è un signore che ha fatto per 45 anni il muratore e oggi ha una pensione misera con cui paga dove dorme e per mangiare chiede l'elemosina..un giorno mi ha chiesto degli spicci per mangiare..subito l'ho sfanculato come si fà con tutti quelli che chiedono soldi in stazione..poi mi sono fermato e ho pensato ma questo non è un tossico..sono tornato indietro gli ho chiesto se voleva una pizza lui mi fa magari ragazzo magari..aveva uno sguardo i suoi occhi non li scorderò mai..alla fine siamo entrati in pizzeria e mi ha raccontato la sua storia mentre mangiavamo una pizza..ho trattenuto a stento le lacrime..io i politici italiani li vorrei vedere bruciare vivi a uno ad uno nessuno escluso...ogni tanto torno a termini e se lo vedo gli chiedo sempre se ha mangiato..fa una tenerezza come ti guarda.....(Anonimo-su Facebook)<|endoftext|>GO141.com会在你选择全球版本或是中国版本的时候改变它的域名。事实上，除了香港的网站其他地区都会更改域名。而且当你选择不同地区的时候不仅域名会发生改变。网站的功能和设计都会完全不一样。也就是说每一个网站都有他们自己的内容，而且在上面进行搜索都还会出现不同的结果。<|endoftext|>دومینیک پِروتت رهبر و نخست وزیر احتمالی ایالت نیوساوتولز
فوری / دومینیک پِروتت به احتمال زیاد رهبر ایالت نیوساوتولز خواهد شد!
خزانه دار ۳۹ ساله ایالت نیوساوتولز، جانشین گلدیس برجکلیان برای رهبری این ایالت خواهد شد.
پروتت از مخالفان قرنطینه و بسته شدن سایت های ساخت و ساز در ماه جولای و همواره از مدافعان توازن سلامت و امنیت شهروندان نیوساوتولز درمقابل صدمات اقتصادی وارده از قرنطینه ها بود.
وی بدون شک در تلاش برای بازگشایی سریع تر کسب و کارها و رسیدن شرایط اقتصادی به پیش از پندمیک کرونا خواهد بود.
دومینیک پروتت از پشتیبانان کسب و کارها در این ایالت بوده و از صادرات و ورود سرمایه های خارجی حمایت کرده است. همچنین وی از مخالفان استمپ دیوتی برای مسکن در این ایالت می باشد.
Dominic Perottet<|endoftext|>36号公路的沿途有一座名为汉尼拔的小城，美国著名作家马克.吐温就在此出生并长大，也正是这座小镇为作家带来了写作灵感。
如今，游览汉尼拔小镇上的“马克吐温山洞”（Mark Twain Cave），你便是隔着时空，与这位文学巨匠对话。当然，这只是密苏里州36号公路沿途的众多奇遇之一。
36号公路也被昵称为“美国天才之路”，全长约200英里，东西向贯通密苏里州北部。沿途，你会看到马克.吐温的故乡以及一系列重大发明的诞辰地
|
4 | 6 | 1 |
�在泥地里,他们两人默默地把他们带的跟踪,计算步骤。基思已经停止,暂停城外的一个池形成的光广泛的灯泡低天花板的公用事业隧道。他的名字会载入史册。Ivzid大事开端，谁领导了篡位者的灭亡！主要角色，这是他应得的。必须对记录进行更改，当然。没有提到这些与寄生虫的交易。相反，他会开一个账户，在账户中他领导了对赞佩的突袭，向害虫降火！本来应该如此；他就是这样说的。
那条丝带已经撕破，耐心地修好了。他仔细地注意到这一点，因为他不想看她的肩膀。一个肩膀比另一个肩膀低；一只胳膊她扭着身子扛着，好像瘫痪了；在一条廉价的高领鞋带后面，贫血的脖子上有一道凹痕，它曾经闪闪发亮，柔软丰满。“对？“她说。“好，好，老Zilla！老天爷，很高兴再次见到你！“““他可以通过律师发送信息。”“你知道，如果你让他们对你说教，他们会给你一顿免费的饭。”““你确定吗？“他问。但是在金克斯回答他之前，贾格尔大声说，他的声音充满了怀疑。怀疑，威胁。“她在这里做什么？“他问，他的眼睛盯着金克斯，右手紧握着铁钉，还沾着牧师的血。
服务人员的相机近距离放大，看到一小群赞普人挤过洞穴的墙。他们会产卵吗？’“不，史密斯说，他们的鸡蛋室在一个较高的水平。那些照片中的洞穴在D级是72个，离建筑工地不远。赞普一家人成群结队地往前走，几百年不活动之后。”投影仪熄灭了，然后突然出现一张奇怪的、出乎意料的照片，伯尼斯花了几分钟才接受。没有明显的参考点，没有东西可以透视这个场景，这让她想起了三维特技图片中隐藏的图案。”Caelan皱起了眉头,他下巴的肌肉紧握。她是对的。他想要诅咒她,但她是对的。承认嘴里尝起来像灰烬。咆哮,他发布了男孩,走回来。
责任编辑：薛满意
频道推荐
热门视频
图片新闻
-
多部门推扶贫资金绩效管理花钱必问效无效必问责
点击数：2727970
-
遇见爱情最好的样子你心里我有我心里也有你
点击数：2162950
-
【教练角】篮球练习有防守的传球
点击数：2968661
-
中国新能源汽车国际合作大会成都召开
点击数：1936989<|endoftext|>This course will focus on various changes in criminal justice policy that occurred in the last 30 years (e.g., changes in sentencing law and policy, increased incarceration rates, and the "war on drugs") and seek to identify the factors that brought about those changes. To what degree were these changes responses to changes in the rates and types of crimes experienced in the U.S.? To what degree were these changes prompted by political campaigns and strategies, or by a media produced sense of crisis? Readings will include legal materials which will probe and analyze statutory and administrative changes, as well as interdisciplinary readings. Each student will prepare six short (4-5 page) papers responding to the course readings, and will take part in a group presentation on a topic selected by class members.
|Course Areas of Practice|
Legal analysis and reasoning, legal research, problem-solving, and written and oral communication in the legal context<|endoftext|>I suoi abitanti sono chiamati i sampaolesi. Il sacco di Roma del 410 e l'origine del De civitate Dei di Agostino Tra le rovine fumanti la visione di una nuova città . Agostino - De Civitate Dei XIV, 28 - Prerogative delle due città. Agostino visse a cavallo fra due epoche: la fine del mondo antico (con la fine dell'Impero romano) e l'inizio dell'Età tardo antica, una via di mezzo fra l'antichità e il Medioevo. C. con la Lex Julia de Civitate, Volterra ottenne la cittadinanza romana, la città sostenne per due anni (82 - 80) un lungo assedio contro Silla, finché, stremata, dovette arrendersi Sono le due città di cui parla sant'Agostino: «L'una è la società degli uomini devoti, l'altra dei ribelli, ognuna con gli angeli che le appartengono, in cui da una parte è superiore l'amore a Dio, dall'altra l'amore di sé» (De Civitate Dei, lib. il 02 Maggio 2016, da Valeria Elena Roveta Matilde Quarti il 03 Maggio 2016 ha risposto: I segnati dalla grazia formano una sola società, che aspira alla felicità nel bene supremo: la città di Dio La c. aa10 con il passo delle Retractationes è caratterizzata da un fregio rappresentante Marcio Coriolano che incontra la madre supplicante con le donne di Roma, mentre la carta seguente, con l'inizio del De civitate Dei, è ornata dai candelabri incisi da Urs Graf (che sono utilizzati anche nelle edizioni di san Girolamo, di Tertulliano e nelle Annotationes) con i due putti che reggono. Le fonti letterarie degli scritti sono due e ambedue incomplete: le Ritrattazioni di Agostino e l'Indicolo di Possidio.. Agostino pensava alle Ritrattazioni già nel 412 (Epistola 143, 2), ma vi pose mano solo nel 426-427 (Retractationes 2, 51 e De doctrina christiana 4, 24, 53).Fu un lungo e minuzioso esame di coscienza su tutta la sua produzione, I rapporti tra le due città non vanno però nel migliore dei modi dato che il giuramento di fedeltà viene ripetutamente rinnovato, [37] Hec autem sacramenta faciemus iurare quingentos homines de civitate Luce, quos ianuenses consules per se vel per suum missum petierint. Gli incontri di questo avvenimento, le cose che può utilizzare per il suo cammino, le opposizioni persino cruente al suo esserci, soprattutto le alternative ideali alla gratuità del suo accadere. Estrazione lotto 23 dicembre 2017 napoli. Trama. La sua opera ha segnato la storia della religiosità e della filosofia europea. Nel 428 l’Africa è attaccata dai Vandali, Ippona è assediata e Agostino muore nel 430 durante l’assedio. Profilo biografico 103 2. Title: agostino-cittadidio Author 19 Leandro Polverini, La storia romana nel De civitate Dei 35 Marcello Marin, L'utilizzazione di Sallustio nel De civitate Dei 51 Basil Studer, Le due città della creazione iconografica absidale in Roma (secoli IV - XII) 667 Indice dei nomi. 0,00 € Gratis i primi 30 giorni. Secolo V. In assenza di documentazioni inequivocabili, amiamo pensare possa essere uno di quelli fatti copiare all'indomani dell. Il comportamento di Roma. Sfoglia parole milioni e frasi in tutte le lingue. Il primo sacco è avvenuto nel 390 a.C, ad opera dei Galli guidati da Brenno 1465-67, due stampatori tedeschi di Magonza, K. Sweynheym e A. Pannartz, allievi di Gutenberg, impiantano nel monastero di Santa Scolastica la prima tipografia in Italia; tra i primi libri stampati, De Oratore di Cicerone e De Civitate Dei di Sant'Agostino due vescovi o due vicari e che neppure ai chierici sia lecito in duas civitates ministrare 6; già nell' Admonitio generali s del 789, d'altra parte, riprendendo le norme dei concili di Calcedonia e di Sardi, si impediva a vescovi e a preti di trasmigrare de civitate i. Nelle vicinanze dei comuni di Torremaggiore, Serracapriola i Casalnuovo Monterotaro, San. « Quam facunda viri vox » 103 La Historia de duabus civitatibus di Ottone di Frisinga 1. Infatti, per aumentare la grandezza della misericordia di Dio aumenta la gravità delle sue azioni (‘’il furto delle pere’’). il questi progresso nel e valore le Senna rispettive nascente. Matilde Quarti il 03 Maggio 2016 ha risposto: Ciao Valeria, le due città di Agostino rappresentano uno la vita mondana (la Città dell'uomo, fondata da Caino e basata su aggressività, egoismo e avarizia) e una la vita. La sezione delle Fonti documentarie contiene inoltre i primi due volumi del Codice diplomatico aretino (dal secolo VIII al 1200 ca.). Il De civitate Dei affronta il problema delle due citta' che governano la storia umana , come si devono intendere le due citta' di cui parla Agostino? Oltre a costituire un commento agli avvenimenti politici, La città di Dio offre una sintesi dei principali temi. Audiolibro Audible. 5-27 (tutto il numero, con contributi di J.-R. Armogathe, G. B. Contri, C. Dalmasso, O. Grassi, M. (De Civitate Dei, S. Agostino) Si delineano dunque le due città: la città degli uomini e la città di Dio. it. Questa convusione, che vede le due città mischiarsi nel mondo, avrà fine solo in occasione del Giudizio universale, quando finalmente le due città saranno separate da Dio. La città terrena: dal basso in alto: le fatiche dell'uomo, le sue disgrazie, il giudizio particolare dell'anima [(miniature dal codice De Civitate Dei, XI sec. Nel De Trinitate, per spiegare il mistero delle persone divine, chiarisce come le tre persone sussistono in un'unica natura distinguendosi per le diverse relazioni. Perciò la prima si gloria in se stessa, la seconda nel Signore. L'opera mi tenne occupato per molti anni. 264. nella storia rappresentate dalle due città, una celeste (appunto la Città di Dio) uniformata ai principi del cristianesimo, votata al bene dove gli uomin La città di Dio (latino: De Civitate Dei, o anche De Civitate Dei contra Paganos) è un'opera latina scritta in ventidue volumi da Agostino d'Ippona tra il 413 e il 426; Sant'Agostino scrisse i primi dieci libri con la finalità di difendere il cristianesimo dalle accuse dei pagani ed analizzare le questioni sociali-politiche dell'epoca; negli altri dodici libri, invece, tratta della salvezza. Atti della Settimana Agostiniana Pavese (1999-2001) Indice: pag. L'amanuense ha ritratto Agostino in una maniera abbastanza usuale per l'epoca: veste un abito vescovile ricco di elementi decorativi e regge con la mano sinistra un libro, mentre con la destra rivolge una benedizione Il De civitate Dei è il secondo libro mai stampato al mondo e il primo in Italia. Del resto, quest'ultimo, non è accessibile al pubblico. Il 24 agosto 410, dopo due anni di assedio, i visigoti guidati da Alarico invasero Roma e la saccheggiarono per tre giorni consecutivi prima di spostarsi verso sud. Due modi di essere dell'uomo realizzano due tipi di società, la città di Dio e la città terrena. Consideriamo ora un po' più in dettaglio l'impianto generale del De Civitate Dei De civitate Dei Agostino De civitate Dei XXII, 29-30 L'epilogo della città di Dio L'ultimo libro descrive l''epilogo' della città di Dio, come già il XXI l''epilogo' della città terrena, e i due capitoli finali, 29 e 30, 'chiudono in gloria', per così dire, la grandiosa opera di Agostino, affron Le due città, i due amori Inserito il: 13/10/2011 De Civitate Dei Scarica allegato I racconti del Pellegrino russo Inserito il: 20/06/2011 La Filocalia Scarica allegato Gregorio Palamas e l'esicasmo Inserito il: 09/05/2011 La Filocalia Scarica allegato Simone. Ma alla fine dei tempi la città celeste con i beati sarà definitivamente scissa dalla città terrestre (a conferma anche della linearità della storia e della unicità e irripetibilità degli avvenimenti). La città di Dio è un libro di Agostino (sant') pubblicato da Città Nuova nella collana Minima: acquista su IBS a 32.40€ di MONS. e note di D. Gentili, Città Nuova, Roma 1978-1991. Aachen, Öffentliche Bibliothek der Stadt Aachen Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Borgh. XIV, c. 13,1). Siamo fieri di condividere tutti i contenuti di questo sito, eccetto dove diversamente specificato, sotto licenza. Esempio di un percorso tematico dedicato alla storia della città di Arezzo attraverso autori e testi. La città di Dio - L\'ordine dell\'amore nella città degli uomini Nel libro XIX del De civitate Dei la dottrina del sommo bene si trasforma in un grande inno alla pace, vista come la cifra fondamentale della creazione che tende al suo fine. Il libro La città di Dio è un'opera imponente. Le due città, i due amori all'organo: Lorenzo Ghielmi lettrice: Raffaella Primati introduce Mons. riassunto di Letteratura latina Il senso della storia: le due città. Percorrerà per più di 35 anni la carriera ecclesiastica. Riassunto della vita di Sant'Agostino e delle sue due opere principali, Le Confessioni e La città di Dio (De civitate dei) (3 pagine formato doc) Pagina 1 di 3 1 La vita, le opere (Confessiones, De civitate Dei, De doctrina christiana), la filosofia. Secolo V. In assenza di documentazioni inequivocabili, amiamo pensare possa essere uno di quelli fatti. I ventidue libri de La città di Dio costituiscono uno degli indiscussi. Nella visione teologica e religiosa offerta dal De civitate Dei, la vita perde ogni connotazione puramente occasionale e contingente, per svilupparsi secondo un itinerario ben definito e in vista di un fine saldamente stabilito. Agostino, Le due città. 1500-1520. S. Agostino - De civitate dei. Pensate per esempio a Leopardi e a Pavese2), i cittadini delle due città vivono però insieme in questo mondo IL DE CIVITATE DEI DI SANT'AGOSTINO. di di complesso con Dio, quando l'altra si si del estende città tempo, territori tra in Elvezi il cui. Il De civitate Dei si propone di illustrare sostanzialmente la storia del mondo da un punto di vista, anche nell'uomo le due città non sono separate: esse vivono insieme, alternando il sopravvento dell'una sull'altra. il 02 Maggio 2016, da Valeria Elena Roveta. (De civ. Letture e proposte Premessa Queste due città non coincidono con la Chiesa e la società o lo stato. In order to deepen this semiotic comparison the author examines a wellknown illuminated manuscript of the De civitate Dei (Plut. Spero di esserti stata utile, ciao! De Civitate Dei cum commento. Sūq-Ahras in Algeria, 13 nov. 354 - Ippona, od. 430); fu uno dei quattro grandi Dottori della Chiesa occidentale, detto "il Dottore della Grazia". a cura di Luigi Beretta . De civitate dei le due città. La città degli uomini è quella dell'uomo-carne, che si può approssimare con l'homo oeconomicus, massimizzatore della propria utilità materiale, mentre la città di Dio è quella dell'uomo-spirito, che è conseguente alle esigenze della propria realtà personale nella sua. riassunto di Latin. Simpliciano era un vescovo più vecchio di Sant’Ambrogio e fu la sua guida, i due avevano un rapporto più libero e confidenziale, con Sant’Ambrogio invece i rapporti sono più formali, in quanto era una figura istituzionale.Per prepararsi al battesimo passa un anno a Cassiciacum (a nord di Milano) in una cascina in cui si ritira con persone a lui vicine, la madre, amici tra cui Alipio e il figlio Adiodato, che muore alla giovane età di 16 anni, e persone che volevano allontanarsi dalla mondanità.Nella Pasqua del 387 viene battezzato, torna a Cartagine, ma prima nel mese di settembre si dirige a Roma. Nell’ultima città diventa prete per acclamazione della folla, come era successo a Sant’Ambrogio, e nel 395 viene eletto vescovo di Ippona. Può avvenire appunto che nella città, secondo determinati pregiudizi, si adorino e si ammettano esseri, la cui natura non esiste in alcun luogo né nel mondo né fuori del mondo [
|
4 | 6 | 2 |
, above all, kubbah (burghul and meat patties known in Brazil as kibe), are offered in many homes and public eating-places.
The first time I entered a restaurant in Recife, Brazil's major north-eastern resort, I was astonished to see featured on the menu kibe - a delicious dish whose original home is the Middle East. In the ensuing days I discovered that this famous Middle Eastern dish had become a Brazilian food. Served in a great number eating places throughout the country, it was prepared in a much tastier fashion than its land of origin.
The Arab inherited portion of the Brazilian cuisine is considerable. Both through the Moors, by way of the Iberian Peninsula, and the Arab immigrants of the 20th century, the kitchen of Brazil has been greatly enriched.
Travellers from the Arab world need not pine for their foods. In this land of the Amazon, they will find a kindred cuisine.<|endoftext|>English for Specific Purposes (also sometimes called English for Special Purposes) refers to a situation where a learner has a particular need for the language, and follows a course which aims to meet that need without including any language which is irrelevant to it. The two most common fields within ESP are English for Occupational Purposes (where the learner has work related needs), and English for Academic Purposes (where the learner is studying in order to eg complete a university course in English, to write academic papers for publication etc). However, any learner with a well-defined need could potentially come under the ESP umbrella - for example a learner with a specific hobby (gardening, football etc) which s/he wanted to be able to read about and chat about in internet discussion groups in English.
ESP courses would generally start with a needs analysis which would define what the learner has to do using English - the situations in which they will need to communicate (eg business meetings, international conferences, university lectures, internet forums), their interlocutors and role relationships (eg client-salesman, teacher-student, nurse-patient, peer-peer), the tasks they will have to carry out (eg writing an academic essay, negotiating contracts, answering forum posts), and the language needed for those tasks in terms of topic related lexis, functions and structures etc. The course is then designed to cover these areas.<|endoftext|>versión impresa ISSN 0716-078X
Rev. chil. hist. nat. v.80 n.4 Santiago 2007
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 80: 439-446, 2007
Inter-population thermal variability and physiological response in the intertidal fish Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae)
Variabilidad térmica intrapoblacional y respuesta fisiológica en el pez intermareal Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae)
JOSÉ M. PULGAR 1-2, FRANCISCO BOZINOVIC2 & F. PATRICIO OJEDA2*
1 Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 217, Santiago Chile
2 Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity and Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, 6513677, Chile * e-mail for correspondence: firstname.lastname@example.org
Determining habitat conditions that generate individual physiological variability represents key basic knowledge to understand the direction of animal's responses to habitat change. The coastal fish Scartichthys viridis inhabits low intertidal pools along the Chilean coast. Because seawater in the low intertidal is renewed during every tidal cycle, this zone is characterized by a low thermal variation and abundant food within and between localities. We evaluated whether seawater thermal conditions and food availability of low intertidal pools registered in three localities of Chilean coast are sufficient to generate physiological and energetic differences in individuals of S. viridis captured from three geographic separate populations spanning approximately 1,200 km. Southern fishes acclimatized to 25 °C showed higher metabolic rates than those from other localities and thermal treatments. On the other hand, southern fishes in natural conditions showed higher condition factor than northern fishes. This evidence is sufficient to indicate that slight latitudinal differences in tidepool seawater temperature associated to differential food availability induced an energetic constraint in this species. Moreover, southern population of S. viridis may suffer important effects on energetic allocation if seawater temperature increases slightly, with repercussions on its geographic distribution in southern Pacific Ocean.
Key words: intertidal fish, physiological compensation, tidepool, Scartichthys viridis.
Determinar las condiciones del ambiente que generan variabilidad fisiológica, representa un conocimiento básico para comprender el sentido de la respuesta de los animales a los cambios en su habitat. El pez costero Scartichthys viridis habita las pozas bajas del intermareal a lo largo de la costa chilena. Debido a que el agua de mar se renueva en cada ciclo de marea en las pozas bajas, esta zona está caracterizada por una baja variación térmica y abundante alimento entre localidades. Nosotros evaluamos si las condiciones térmicas y la disponibilidad de alimento descrita para pozas bajas registradas en tres localidades de la costa chilena son suficientes para generar diferencias fisiológicas y energéticas en individuos de S. viridis capturados desde tres poblaciones separadas geográficamente por aproximadamente 1.200 km. Los peces del sur aclimatados a 25 °C mostraron una tasa metabólica mayor que los peces de las otras localidades y tratamientos. Por otra parte, en el ambiente natural, los peces del sur mostraron un factor de condición mayor que los peces del norte. Esta evidencia es suficiente para indicar que suaves diferencias latitudinales en la temperatura del agua de las pozas intermareales, asociado a una disponibilidad diferencial de alimento, promueven restricciones energéticas en esta especie. Más aun, las poblaciones del sur de S. viridis podrían sufrir importantes efectos en su asignación energética si la temperatura del agua incrementa suavemente, lo que repercutiría en su distribución geográfica en el océano Pacífico sur.
Palabras clave: pez intermareal, compensación fisiológica, pozas intermareales, Scartichthys viridis.
Studies on physiological variability between populations exposed to distinct habitats conditions are crucial for understanding how differences between populations evolve and are affected by environmental factors (Garland & Adolph 1991). This type of study becomes a useful and effective tool for understanding the origin of variability in physiological traits (Spicer & Gastón 1999).
Differences in physiological traits between latitudinally distant populations are, undoubtedly, a primary evidence of how selective processes mold physiological characters that allow species to compensate environmental variability, hence, persist in a given habitat (Garland & Adolph 1991). Physiological constraints govern the relationships between abiotic variables and the limits of species' distributions (Chown & Gastón 2000). Such physiological variability can be environmentally induced, through non-genetic mechanisms of acclimatation, or may reflect adaptations to local conditions (Steams 1982, Spicer & Gastón 1999).
In ectotherms environmental temperature is one of the most relevant niche axes (Tracy & Christian 1986) since it affects numerous biological processes (i.e., assimilation, growth) and life-history traits (i.e., litter size). Therefore, since environmental temperature directly affects the energy budgets of individuals, it also has important consequences on their ecological and reproductive success (Cossins & Bowler 1990). Moreover, in a global warming scenario there is a renewed interest in understanding how physiological mechanisms may limit environmental tolerance and determine geographic distributions of animals (Tracy & Christian 1986, Spicer & Gastón 1999, Carey 2005, Stevenson et al. 2005).
For many species the interaction between food and temperature has important effects on their energetic balance, because both factors finally affect their biological performance (Krause et al. 1998, Kooijman 2000, Pulgar et al. 2003).
Intertidal rock pools are characterized by their discrete nature in time and space, as well as their daily and seasonal variability in temperature, oxygen concentration and salinity (Newell 1970, Stephenson & Stephenson 1972, Truchot & DuhaneJouve 1980, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993). These physical variations, particularly temperature, depend on rock pool location along a vertical intertidal gradient, which determines the length of time that a rock pool remains isolated from the subtidal system during ebb time. For mobile predators such as fishes, the abundance and food quality of rockpools are also affected by the distance from the shore, being higher in low than in high tidepools (Gibson 1972, 1982, Raffaelli & Hawkins 1986, Horn & Gibson 1988, Horn et al. 1999, Metaxas & Sheibling 1993, Pulgar et al. 1993). Along the Chilean coast the abundance and diversity of macroalgae sharply increase southward (Santelices & Marquet 1998, Vásquez et al. 1998, Aldana et al. 2002). Intertidal fish assemblages are composed of resident and transitory species (Horn et al. 1999). Recent studies indicated that resident species are mainly found in low intertidal pools (Thompson & Lehner 1976, Pulgar et al. 2005). Scartichthys viridis (Blenniidae, Valenciennes, 1836) is the most abundant resident herbivorous fish species inhabiting low intertidal pools from 18 to 40° S along the Chilean coast (Stepien 1990, Varas & Ojeda 1990, Ojeda et al. 2000). Given the wide geographic distribution of this species and based on previous studies that have shown - along the Chilean coast - a sharp increase in abundance and diversity of macroalgae southward, we evaluated whether physical variations in seawater temperature of low intertidal rock pools are able to generate energetic differences in Scartichthys viridis from geographic separate populations spanning approximately 1,200 km. To this, we evaluated the condition factor (K) as an indicator of degree of robustness (muscular tissue) of fish (Moyle & Cech 1982) and metabolic rate as indicator of energetic cost of life associated to particular habitat condition (Schmidt-Nielsen 1997).
MATERIAL AND METHODS
At each geographic locality, we characterized low tide pool seawater thermal variations using temperature data loggers (Unisource, Table 1, see Pulgar et al. 2005). We considered low tide pools as those located nearest (1-2 m) to low tide mark (MLWL). Preliminary observations indicated that seawater of these tide pool was renewed in every tidal cycle. Specimens were captured from tide pools in winter 2001 and summer 2002 from three localities along the Chilean coast, Antofagasta (23°20'S, 70°38'W), Carrizal Bajo (28°04'S, 71°08'W) and Las Cruces (33°26'S, 71°41'W). Specimens were transported to Las Cruces Coastal Marine Research Station (ECIM) where they were maintained under laboratory conditions.
Condition factor (K)
Standard length (LT) and body mass (Mb) of each fish was registered using a caliper (±0.1 cm) and electronic balance (± 0.1 g). respectively. The condition factor (K) was calculated through the equation K = Mb/LT 3 (Wootton 1991). To avoid differences in body mass and sex of animals sampled among different localities and seasons (winter and summer), K was only evaluated in pre-reproductive fishes, i.e., LT < 13 cm (Stepien 1990).
Fishes were maintained in two thermal separated groups of 15 and 25 °C for 45 days with ventilated circulating seawater, ad-libitum food (the green macroalgae Ulva spp.), and LD = 12: 12 photoperiod. This acclimated period was selected to delete the effect of local habitat conditions on metabolic response of fishes. Moreover, these temperatures correspond to the nearest extreme thermal condition observed along the geographic studied range (Table 1).
In order to avoid digestion costs, all fish were maintained in starvation during 48 hours previous to measurements of oxygen consumption (V02). To avoid endogenous cycles of intertidal individuals (Horn et al. 1999), all measurements were conducted between 12:00 to 16:00 h in animals captured in summer and winter. A total of 10, 13, and 10 fishes collected in Antofagasta, Carrizal Bajo and Las Cruces, respectively, were acclimated to 15 °C; while 11,13 and 12 fishes collected at the same localities were acclimated to 25 °C. Each fish was deposited in dark metabolic chambers for two hours previous to V02 measurement. During this time seawater was maintained saturated with 02 at constant temperature of 15 °C (8.30 mg 02L !) or 25 °C (6.71 mg 02L !) (Green & Carrit 1967). Later, the metabolic chamber was sealed and an 02 electrode (Strathkelvin model 1302) was connected to Strathkelvin model 781 oxygenmeter. This instrument recorded the decrease in seawater percentage of 02 inside the closed metabolic chamber. Metabolic rate was expressed as mg 02 g_1h_1. For all fishes, V02 mesurements were stopped when 02 percentage reached 70 % within the metabolic chamber.
Differences in K - values and body size of fishes among localities and season were tested by a two-way ANOVA. We used a-posteriori Tukey test in orden to evaluate specific groups (Zar 1996). To determine effect of body size, locality and thermal treatments on metabolic rate of fishes we used a Components of Variance test followed by a two-way ANOVA (Zar 1996). Locality, season and thermal treatments were considered fixed factors, because they represent endpoints of thermal variability along the geographic range studied. A significance level of P < 0.05 was assumed throughout the study.
Condition factor of S. viridis was determined only for geographic locality from which fish were captured (Table 2, Fig. 1). Las Cruces fishes were more robust than any other individuals sampled in others localities (a-posteriori Tukey test P < 0.05).
Body size of fishes in which metabolic rates was measured was not different among localities or thermal acclimation treatments (Two way Anova F(2,63)=0.37,P = 0.60,Fig.2).
Component of variance test indicated that locality and thermal treatment significantly affect metabolic rate in this fish species (Table 3). The results of the two way Anova indicated that fishes from Las Cruces acclimated to 25 °C showed higher metabolic rates than those from other acclimated conditions and localities (Table 4, a- posteriori Tukey test P < 0.05). On the other hand, fishes from Antofagasta and Carrizal Bajo acclimated to 15 °C showed higher metabolic rates than those from Las Cruces fishes also aclimated to 15 °C (a-posteriori Tukey test, Fig. 3).
Fig. 1: Condition factor of S.viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Considering possible effects of climatic change, many physiological ecologists are taking a renewed interest in understanding the role of temperature in determining performance capabilities of animals and their geographic distribution patterns (Huey & Kingsolver 1993, Helmuth et al. 2002, Carey 2005). Along this line, several studies have shown correlations between animals' energetic performance and environmental temperature along latitudinal or altitudinal distribution ranges (see Bozinovic & Rosenmann 1988, Root 1988, Rezende et al. 2004). As pointed out by Carey (2005) a frequent biota response to climate change is usually associated to alteration in their range of geographical distribution. This is important because movement into new habitats is likely to expose organisms not only to new climatic conditions but also to new ecological scenarios in terms of species interactions (Hughes 2000).
Prior to test our ability in predicting the effects of global change or large-scale oceanographic conditions (i.e., El Niño) on physiological variation patterns and geographical distribution (Barry et al. 1995, Spicer & Gastón 1999), we need a basic knowledge of the environmental conditions that modify energy budgets of individuals.
In our study, lowest temperatures were recorded in Las Cruces during winter, and highest in Antofagasta during summer. On the other hand, a north-south geographic increment in food availability (macroalgae) has been described for the Chilean coast (Santelices & Marquet 1998, Vásquez et al. 1998, Aldana et al. 2002). These facts suggest that southern fishes are exposed to less extreme thermal conditions in more productive habitats than northern fishes.
Fig. 2. Body size of S.viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast in which metabolic rate was measured. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Fig. 3. Metabolic rate of S. viridis captured from three study localities along the Chilean coast acclimated to 15 and 25 °C. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard error.
Our evidence indicates that pre-reproductive fishes from the southern population (Las Cruces) had more muscle tissue than individuals captured in northern localities (Carrizal Bajo and Antofagasta) (Fig. 1, Table 1). Lowest seawater temperatures observed in Las Cruces, and food availability variation reported along the Chilean coast can modify S. viridis physiological responses, and may well explain the highest K-values showed for this species at this location.
Experimental studies that evaluated temperature-fish relationships indicated that fishes could detect variations in water temperature as low as 0.1 °C (Norris 1963), showing clear selective thermoregulatory behaviour and compensation mechanism to tolerate thermal environmental variability (Pulgar et al. 1999, 2003, Spicer & Gastón 1999). Our thermal acclimation treatements were nearest to extreme (minimun and maximun) temperatures registered in natural conditions in Chilean coast (Table 1). In this sense our results showed that fish acclimated to 25 °C from Las Cruces showed highest metabolic rates (Fig. 3) while nothern fishes accclimated to 15 °C (Carriza Bajo and Antofagasta) showed highest metabolic rate compared with the former (Fig. 3). These results may well be explained by thermal pool conditions where this species occurs. The 25 °C treatement used in our study represent an unusual thermal condition for the southern S. viridis population (Table 1, Fig. 3), and may be nearest to their lethal temperature.
On the other hand northern fishes showed similar metabolic rate between individuals maintained at 15 and 25 °C (Fig. 3). This evidence indicates high compensation capability of these populations because they are usually exposed to both thermal conditions at those latitudes (Spicer & Gastón 1999, Table 1 and
|
4 | 6 | 3 |
is was no exception, and so they build such an ostentatious fountain in the Severan period, in Leptis Magna.
Here’s a view of part of it, as it looks today–it’s actually decently well preserved–and we can see the great niche, or part of the great niche here, with its great apse here, with its smaller niches for statuary, as I’ve described. We can also see that we are dealing here, with regard to the walls, with local sandstone or limestone being used for the wall construction. But all of the columns–and you can see a columnar scheme here on two stories, very similar to the sort of thing that we saw in the theater: a display of columns, and they go into the niches as well, as you can see here, in two tiers. These are made out of marble that is brought in from Asia Minor: Asia Minor marble, so imported marble. And we do believe that the stone carvers who were used to carving this kind of marble, in Asia Minor, were brought in with them to do the carving on the spot. So one of these examples of the use of imported marble in buildings that were put up in Severan Leptis Magna.
I mentioned that I would show you just in passing the Old Forum of Leptis Magna, before we look at the Severan Forum, just so that you know. It’s not on your Monument List, you’re not responsible for it, although it is in Ward-Perkins and you can read about it there. But I show it to you to make a couple of very important points. One, that there was an earlier forum on this site. It was begun in the Late Republic, and continued into the Augustan period. It was laid out very close to the port, which makes a lot of sense. And you can see that like other fora we’ve seen, it had a great open rectangular space. It had a basilica down here, very similar in shape and plan to basilicas we’ve seen, like the one at Pompeii. But it’s interesting both because again it is not exactly square or rectangular in shape; it has one side that is different from that, that’s on the diagonal, and this indicates to us once again that likely there were some remains on the site that had to be taken into consideration when this structure was designed. But otherwise it has a colonnade around it.
It has, in this case, three temples on one end, which is different from what we usually see in Rome, but not unheard of. I didn’t show you an example, but we do know of triple temples in architectural spaces, complexes in Rome, fairly early on, already in the Republic. But we see three of them here, and they’re very instructive. One’s the North Temple; we don’t know to whom that was dedicated. The other is a Temple of Roma and Augustus, which one sees in most Augustan cities. And then over here a Temple of Liber Pater. Who was Liber Pater? Well Liber Pater was a god who was very important to this particular part of the world. So this interesting coming together of Roman gods, local gods, are another indication that we are dealing here with a Roman society that is being laid on top of an earlier society, and that the cultures, religion, architectural practices and so on, of them, merged together to make a very interesting mélange, and we see that again extremely well in this Old Forum.
The Old Forum was replaced by the New Forum, the new Severan Forum, in the age of Septimius Severus. And that is the single most important building still surviving in the city of–building complex in the city of Leptis Magna. And I show you once again that view, from the air, of the forum, the Severan Forum, that we believe dates to 216 A.D.; in fact completed by Caracalla in 216 A.D. And now that you know a bit more about Leptis Magna and building practice there, I think you’ll see something that you probably didn’t notice before, when you looked at this image; when we looked at it earlier. And that is if you look at the actual remains of the columnar architecture, for example, from this forum, you will see, very quickly, that we are dealing not with local limestone but with imported marble. If you look at this marble, in the foreground in particular, you can see that it has a pink tint to it. That pink tint tells us that it is granite, pink granite that we know was quarried in Egypt. So we are seeing marbles being brought from all over the world, to be used in the construction of these Severan structures.
A plan of the Severan Forum in Leptis Magna shows it to be a very interesting structure indeed; one that is based on earlier models in Rome, especially the Forum of Trajan, but one that departs from it in all kinds of interesting ways. It’s also interesting to us not only because it tells us what–or it shows us what was being built in Severan Leptis Magna, but it also gives us some indication of what an emperor like Septimius Severus might have built in Rome, if he had built a forum in Rome. You’ll remember that I told the last great imperial forum in Rome was the Forum of Trajan, and that there was no other forum built later than that. But what if–you know, the what if–what if Septimius Severus had built a forum and basilica in Rome, what would it have looked like? Well maybe it would’ve looked something like this, at least in plan, but almost certainly not in building materials.
As we look at it here, we see that it is conventional in that–it’s very large in scale, by the way–it’s conventional in that it has one great open rectangular space, surrounded by columns, with a temple put up against one of the short walls–in fact pushed up against one of the short walls–dominating the space in front of it. If we look quickly at the plan of the temple, we will see it’s fairly conventional also: plain back wall; single cella, in this case; freestanding columns in the porch; deep porch; single staircase; façade orientation. So very much in keeping with what we’ve seen throughout the course of this semester. You’ll notice also on this side of the structure, the southern side of the structure, a series of shops or tabernae. We’ve seen that in forum design before. Think of the Forum of Julius Caesar where they were placed in exactly that same position.
We see over here the basilica of the structure. I’m not going to describe its plan for the moment; we’ll return to it a little bit later. But what’s interesting about it here is the way in which it is splayed off. It is not axially related exactly to the forum proper. It moves off in a slightly different direction. Would the Romans have done this if they didn’t have to? Certainly not. They probably again had to contend with some sort of earlier building on the site, which forced them to do this. But they’ve done something quite extraordinary, as you can see here. They wanted to make sure that when you were standing in the forum, and looking toward the basilica, that you wouldn’t realize that that basilica was not on axis with the forum. And so they’ve done something extraordinarily ingenious. And what they’ve done is to create this series, this wedge-shaped series of shops that forms the transition between the forum and the basilica, that’s narrow on one end and is wider on the other end.
And when you stand and look at it, from the inside–and I’ll show you an image in a moment–it looks like it is completely straight; which it is, in the front, but you can’t tell what lies behind. So when you’re standing there, you do get the sense, and as you move from the forum, into this apsed area here, through columns, into the columns of the basilica–which you can do–you don’t realize that the basilica is really off axis with the rest of the building. So some ingenious work here on the part of the designers of the Severan Forum.
I’ll come back to the basilica again momentarily. But for the moment, just to stick with the forum proper, we are looking here at one of the entranceways into that forum. And you can see, even in black and white, that we’re dealing with local sandstone or limestone for the walls, but with imported marble for the doorways and for the pilasters. And if you look very carefully, you will see that these are capitals that are unlike any capitals we’ve seen thus far this semester, and underscore again this interesting merging of influences, not only from Rome but elsewhere in the Roman Empire. We see these striated capitals on the pilasters up above that are very similar to the sorts of things we see in Egypt. And then if we look at these capitals down below–and we see these capitals used extensively in the forum; I’ll show you other examples momentarily–you will see that what we are dealing with here are the Roman acanthus leaves at the bottom, but growing out of those Roman acanthus leaves are lotus leaves – lotus leaves that come from Egypt, lotus leaves that were used in Egyptian capitals.
So this interesting merging of Roman culture, Egyptian culture, for this structure in Roman North Africa. This is a view of the shops, of that wedge-shaped section of shops. We’re standing in the forum, looking back toward the basilica, about to go from one to the other. And you can see that they are in a straight line and that you would not be able to tell, as you were standing in front of them, that the forum was not axially related to the basilica next door. We can also see some remains of statuary, columns preserved in their entirety, as well as capitals of the same type that I just showed you, the combination of lotus leaves and acanthus leaves.
Chapter 5. The Severan Temple and Basilica, the Arch of Septimius Severus, and the Unique Hunting Baths [00:59:46]
The Temple. The temple in this, the temple here is the one that you see here. It is a restored view. It is from Ward-Perkins. It is a temple that was put up by Caracalla. It’s the temple at the back wall that we looked at in plan just before. It was put up by Caracalla to honor his parents as divi; Septimius Severus and Julia Domna. It’s interesting in a variety of ways. It’s interesting because it is surrounded by an arcade; columns supporting arcuations. We’ve seen an interest in this sort of thing starting to come to the fore at this time. We saw it in late domestic architecture in Ostia. Think of the House of Cupid and Psyche, for example, of the early fourth century. So placing these arcades on columns, with Medusa heads in between them, is something that comes to the fore at this time.
We see that the temple is placed on a very, very tall podium, nineteen feet tall. Why? To raise it up over the walls, so that you could see it from a distance. It’s like when they raised the Capitolium in Ostia also up high so that it could compete with the apartment houses; the same general idea here. Local limestone for the walls, imported marble for the columns. The staircase is interesting. It’s a single staircase, but you can see it is pyramidal in shape. I don’t want to push the Egyptian thing too far, but it’s conceivable that it might have been designed under Egyptian influence. And if you look at the column bases, we know that they were depicted with images of the battle between gods and giants, a very important theme in Greek art.
So we see once again what’s so interesting about some of these provincial cities; this coming together of influences from all over the world, from Greece, from Carthage, from Egypt, and also of course from Rome. Here’s a view of the arcades, the Medusa’s heads very deeply carved, as you can see here; characteristic also of the decorative work of the Severan period. The plan, once again, that shows us the basilica, central nave, side aisles, apses on either side, looking very much like the Basilica Ulpia of Trajan in Rome, probably influenced by that. Look also, there’s a wall here–you can walk into the wall at several points–and there are columns decorating that wall, columns that just project into our space. They have no structural purpose whatsoever. The in-and-out undulation of the wall, through the traditional vocabulary of architecture, another sign that we’re moving toward what I’ve called a baroque phase in Roman antiquity.
This is an amazing view, from the air, of the remains of the forum and also of the basilica. The basilica is better preserved than the forum. The basilica–and you can see how beautifully this is sited, right near the sea. Again, we’re dealing with a port here, a port city here. You can see the apses. You can see the preserved columns. You can see the wedge-shaped section of shops here. And you can see again that the basilica has many of its columns better preserved than those in the forum. We see them here. We can get a much better sense of what the basilica looked like in antiquity; in fact, this is much better preserved than the Basilica Ulpia in Rome. And we see the difference in the materials: the pink granite from Egypt, used here as well; the Corinthian, in this case, Corinthian capitals rather than the lotus leaf capitals; sandstone for the walls. So this combination of local stone and especially imported marbles for this structure.
Here’s a restored view of the interior, where we can see it was two-storied originally, just like the Basilica Ulpia in Rome. Like the Basilica Ulpia in Rome, a flat ceiling with a coffered ceiling, as you can see above. And we can also see the niches have coffering in them. Very interesting decoration. Use of columns on two tiers; no structural purpose whatsoever, decorative only, projecting into our space, creating that in-and-out, undulating movement. And then a very unusual motif, architectural motif, in the center. I show you here the south apse, where we can see the pink granite, once again preserved; Ionic capitals in this particular case for that niche; and then these very heavily decorated pilasters, on either side. And in the center of the niche, these very tall columns–this is very interesting because it seems to have had no purpose whatsoever than just to stand there and look good–two colossal columns on tall bases, with Corinthian capitals, and then a lintel on top of those, and then griffins, and then another lintel on the top.
What was the purpose of this? Did it have some kind of religious purpose? Well this is a civic structure, so unlikely. It’s just a decoration, among other decorations, but using architectural elements in toto. The piers are very, very interesting. They’re eaten away, dematerialized by their sculpture; as you can see here, light and dark accentuated. And if you look at the details of them, you will see that one of them, or a couple of them, have scenes of the Twelve Labors of Hercules. Remember, this was a building that was completed by Caracalla. Is it a stretch to say that Caracalla might have wanted to have Herculean imagery here, as he did in the Baths of Caracalla, or the benefactor who helped build this might have had that in mind as well, to make that connection? It might be far-fetched, but certainly something worth thinking about. And two more details of that decoration here.
I want to mention just in passing the Arch of Septimius Severus. It’s more a work of sculpture than it is of architecture, and it has a lot of figural scenes that are interesting for their iconography. But I just want to make passing reference to it, because it is the one building that I mentioned that we do believe was put up in 203, and ready for Septimius’ visit to the city. It also is interesting because it was made at the same time as the arch in Rome, the Parthian Arch in Rome, 203 A.D., and also celebrates Septimius Severus’ victories over the Parthians. That’s exactly what it celebrates, and those scenes are alluded to in the figural sculpture.
But it is very different from the arch in Rome, because it is a tetrapylon. I mentioned the tetrapylon when we went over the paper topics; the four-sided arch, the purpose of which is to span two streets that cross at that–that intersect at that particular point, so that traffic can go through the arch, going both ways. It’s really quite ingenious, and we see the tetrapylon does not take off in Rome, but is very popular in the provinces, and we see it here. We also see as we look at this structure, and it has been–by the way, it had fallen down completely but has been re-erected, although the sculpture on it is casts, and the original sculpture in the museum. But we do see here something very interesting, and that is that they have used the broken triangular pediment here. You can see the way the pediment is broken apart, and used only in part here, which is something we do not see in Roman arch design.
Here’s a view of it from the side, where you can get a sense of the drama of those broken triangular pediments, as well as the way in which this structure was completely covered with sculpture, and you can see some of that sculpture also dematerializing the arch, in a way very similar to the piers that we saw also in the basilica. And I just show you quickly two details of the figural sculpture that we see there honoring Septimius Severus and his two sons in a triumphal chariot, at the top. And then down here below, Septimius shaking hands with his elder son, Caracalla, as if giving him power. Geta stands in the center; Geta’s still alive and not erased on this monument here, and Geta’s standing here. And then this wonderful image of Julia Domna, with her fabulous wig, standing next to them and looking on. But look at this figure here. Who is this? Hercules with his club, standing right behind the shoulder of Caracalla. So once again this very close association between Caracalla and his alter ego.
I want to end today with my favorite building in Leptis Magna – in fact, one of my favorite buildings from the entire semester, because it’s so unique. This is the so-called Hunting Baths at Leptis Magna. They date to the late second to early third century A.D. I show you an axonometric view from Ward-Perkins. They’re very well preserved, and I’ll show them to you in a moment. This bath is interesting in all kinds of ways, but it’s interesting primarily because it’s a private bath, not a public bath; we’ve looked at so many public baths this semester. What do I mean by a private bath? Not one individual. I suppose one could call Hadrian’s baths in his villa private, in that they were for his private villa.
But here a private bath within a city, a private
|
4 | -1 | 0 |
che non hanno finora fatto questa scelta, sono studiate per offrire ad ognuno la possibilità di considerare la polarità di servizio-al-Sé e la sua possibile attrattiva.
87.12 Interrogante: Mi sembra che questa sia un’azione di servizio-agli-altri nell’offerta della possibilità del percorso del servizio-al-Sé. Qual è l’effetto relativo alla polarizzazione di questo? Non capisco quel punto.
Ra: Io sono Ra. Nelle vostre bande armate un grande gruppo saccheggia e depreda con successo. Il successo dei soldati è rivendicato dai caporali, il successo dei caporali dai sergenti, poi dai luogotenenti, dai capitani, dai maggiori e infine dal generale in comando. Ogni tentazione che ha avuto successo, ogni entità raccoglibile raggiunta è un rafforzamento del potere e della polarità del complesso di memoria sociale di quarta densità che ha ottenuto questo successo.
87.13 Interrogante: Se un complesso mente/corpo/spirito viene raccolto dalla terza densità in un complesso di memoria sociale di quarta densità, il potere totale del complesso di memoria sociale prima dell’assorbimento di questa singola entità, raddoppia quando questa entità viene assorbita?
Ra: Io sono Ra. No.
87.14 Interrogante: La legge del raddoppio non lavora in questo modo. Quanto fa relativamente incrementare il potere del complesso di memoria sociale quando questa singola entità viene raccolta e assorbita in esso?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Se un’entità del complesso della memoria sociale è responsabile di questa addizione al suo essere, quel complesso mente/corpo/spirito assorbirà, in maniera lineare, il potere contenuto nella, diciamo, recluta. Se un sottogruppo è responsabile, il potere è allora di questo sottogruppo. Solo molto raramente il complesso di memoria sociale di polarità negativa è in grado di agire totalmente come un essere. La perdita di polarità dovuta a questa difficoltà, di cui abbiamo precedentemente fatto riferimento come una sorta di entropia spirituale, è piuttosto ampia.
87.15 Interrogante: Supponendo quindi che una singola entità polarizzata negativamente sia responsabile del reclutamento di un’entità di terza densità raccolta e aggiunga questa polarità alla sua polarità negativa e al suo potere, che tipo di capacità o che tipo di beneficio è questo e come viene utilizzato dall’entità?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il cosiddetto “ordine gerarchico” viene immediatamente “sfidato” (challenged) e l’entità con un potere aumentato esercita quel potere per controllare più altri-sé e per avanzare all’interno della struttura del complesso di memoria sociale.
87.16 Interrogante: come viene misurata questa potenza? Come è manifesto che questa entità abbia acquisito questo potere aggiuntivo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. In alcuni casi c’è una specie di battaglia. Questa è una battaglia di volontà e le armi sono costituite dalla luce che può essere formata da ogni contendente. Nella maggior parte dei casi in cui il passaggio di potere è stato evidente, viene semplicemente riconosciuto e coloro che vedono beneficio dall’associazione con questa recente entità più potente la aiutano ad ascendere all’interno della struttura.
87.17 Interrogante: Grazie. Abbiamo notato la possibilità di una confusione tra il termine “mente/corpo/spirito” e “complesso mente/corpo/spirito” nell’ultima sessione. Ci sono stati un paio di abusi di questi termini, spostandoli l’uno nell’altro?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Si è verificato un errore nella trasmissione. L’uso del termine “mente/corpo/spirito” dovrebbe riferirsi a quelle entità che dimorano nella terza densità prima del processo di velatura, il termine “complesso mente/corpo/spirito” si riferisce a quelle entità che dimorano in terza densità dopo il processo di velatura. Scopriamo anche un difetto da parte nostra nel fornire il termine “complesso” quando si parla di corpo dopo il velo. Per favore correggi questi errori.
Inoltre, vi chiediamo di tenere un vigile controllo su queste trasmissioni per eventuali errori e domande senza sbagli in quanto è nostra intenzione di fornire una serie di complessi di vibrazione sonora non distorti quanto è possibile.
Questa entità, anche se molto meglio sgombrata delle distorsioni verso le fiammate di dolore quando preparata da quei complessi di vibrazione mentale chiamati preghiera, è ancora suscettibile di fluttuazione a causa delle sue pre-incarnative distorsioni del complesso corporeo e la stimolazione di queste da parte di quelli di polarità negativa.
87.18 Interrogante: Grazie. Apporteremo le correzioni. * Nell’ultima seduta hai affermato che prima della velatura, il trasferimento di energia sessuale era sempre possibile. Vorrei sapere cosa intendevi con “era sempre possibile” e perché non era sempre possibile dopo la velatura, solo per chiarire quel punto?
* Sono state aggiunte note a piè di pagina alle risposte indicate.
Ra: Io sono Ra. Riteniamo di comprendere la tua domanda e useremo l’analogia della tua cultura, della batteria che accende la lampadina della torcia. Due batterie funzionanti poste in serie offrono sempre il potenziale di illuminazione della lampadina. Dopo la velatura, per proseguire questa grossolana analogia, le due batterie poste non in serie non offrirebbero quindi alcuna possibile illuminazione della lampadina. Molti complessi mente/corpo/spirito dopo la velatura, attraverso i blocchi, hanno fatto l’equivalente di invertire la batteria.
87.19 Interrogante: Qual è stata la fonte principale dei blocchi che hanno causato l’analogia dell’inversione della batteria?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Si prega di interrogare più specificamente per quanto riguarda i mente/corpo/spiriti o mente/corpo/spirito complessi su cui si richiedono informazioni.
87.20 Interrogante: Prima del velo c’era la conoscenza della tecnica di illuminazione di lampadine, diciamo. Dopo il velo alcuni esperimenti hanno creato un’illuminazione della lampadina; alcuni si sono risolti nell’assenza di illuminazione della lampadina. A parte il fatto che non erano disponibili informazioni sui metodi di accensione della lampadina, c’era qualche causa profonda degli esperimenti che si sono risolti nell’assenza di illuminazione della lampadina?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Questo è corretto.
87.21 Interrogante: qual era questa causa profonda?
Ra: Io sono Ra. La causa profonda del blocco è la mancanza della capacità di vedere l’altro sé come il Creatore, o esprimendo questo in modo diverso, la mancanza di amore.
87.22 Interrogante: OK. Nella nostra particolare illusione, il potenziale sessuale, a quanto pare, per il maschio raggiunge il picco all’incirca prima dei vent’anni e per la femmina circa dieci anni dopo. Qual è la causa di questa differenza nel picco dell’energia sessuale?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Dobbiamo fare una chiara distinzione tra il complesso corporeo chimico del raggio giallo di terza densità, e il complesso corporeo che è una parte del complesso mente/corpo/spirito. Il maschio, come chiamate questa polarità, ha un desiderio di raggio giallo estremamente attivo nello spazio/tempo nella sua incarnazione quando il suo sperma è il più vitale e pieno degli spermatozoi vivificanti. Così il raggio rosso cerca di riprodursi più fittamente nel momento in cui questo corpo è più in grado di soddisfare i requisiti del raggio rosso.
Il complesso del corpo chimico del raggio giallo della femmina, come tu chiami questa polarità, deve avere un desiderio continuo e crescente per il rapporto sessuale poiché può concepire solo una volta in un periodo da quindici a diciotto mesi, dato che porta il concepito complesso corporeo, lo sostiene e lo allatta. Ciò sta prosciugando il corpo fisico del raggio giallo. Per compensare questo, il desiderio aumenta in modo che il corpo a raggi gialli è predisposto a continuare nel congresso sessuale (sexual congress), soddisfacendo così il suo requisito di raggi rossi per riprodursi il più fittamente possibile.
Maggiormente, diciamo, la sessualità integrale o la polarità del complesso del corpo, che è una parte del complesso mente/corpo/spirito, non si preoccupa di queste manifestazioni del raggio giallo, ma piuttosto segue le vie della ricerca del trasferimento di energia e della promozione dell’aiuto e del servizio agli altri o al sé.
87.23 Domanda: Inoltre, perché il ratio tra orgasmi maschili e femminili è così pesantemente caricato sul lato del maschio?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Ci riferiamo ora al corpo fisico del raggio giallo o, se vuoi, complesso corporeo. A questo livello la distinzione non è importante. L’orgasmo maschile che spinge lo sperma in avanti per incontrare il suo ovulo, è essenziale per il compimento del desiderio del raggio rosso di moltiplicare la specie. L’orgasmo femminile non è necessario. Ancora una volta, quando i complessi mente/corpo/spirito iniziano a utilizzare il trasferimento di energia sessuale per imparare, servire e glorificare l’Uno Infinito Creatore, la funzione dell’orgasmo femminile diventa più chiara.
87.24 Interrogante: qual era questo ratio prima del velo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il ratio tra orgasmi maschili e femminili prima del velo era molto più vicino all’uno a uno poiché il valore metafisico dell’orgasmo femminile era chiaro e senza ombre.
87.25 Intervistatore: È significativo fornire questo ratio all’inizio della quarta densità e, in tal caso, lo faresti?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Per molti versi è del tutto privo di significato parlare di orgasmo di maschio e femmina in densità più elevate poiché il carattere e la natura dell’orgasmo diventano di più e di più in maniera naturale, una funzione del complesso mente/corpo/spirito come una unità. Si può dire che il velo in quarta densità è stato sollevato e la scelta è stata fatta. Nelle polarità positive la Vera Partecipazione (di entrambi) è quasi universale. Nelle polarità negative il Vero Bloccaggio, in modo che il conquistatore ottenga l’orgasmo, il conquistato quasi mai, è quasi universale. In ciascun caso potresti vedere la funzione della parte sessuale dell’esperienza come un mezzo di polarizzazione molto efficiente.
87.26 Interrogante: Nella nostra illusione abbiamo definizioni fisiche per possibili trasferimenti di energia. Li etichettiamo come la conversione del potenziale in cinetico o cinetico in calore e lo esaminiamo rispetto alla sua crescente entropia. Quando parliamo di trasferimenti di energia sessuale e altre forme di energia più di base, non riesco sempre a usare correttamente, potresti dire, i termini poiché non capisco, e probabilmente non posso capire, la forma di base dell’energia di cui parliamo. Tuttavia, intuisco che questa è l’energia della pura vibrazione; cioè, al livello di base della nostra illusione, quella vibrazione fra la porzione di spazio e di tempo del continuum spazio/tempo e tuttavia in qualche modo viene trasferita nella nostra illusione in una forma più basilare di quella. Potresti ampliare quest’area per me, per favore?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Sì.
87.27 Interrogante: Lo faresti?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Hai ragione nel presumere che l’energia di cui parliamo parlando dei trasferimenti di energia sessuale sia una forma di ponte vibratorio tra spazio/tempo e tempo/spazio. Sebbene questa distinzione non sia separata da quello che segue, quello che segue può far luce su quell’affermazione fondamentale.
A causa del processo di velatura, l’energia trasferita da maschio a femmina è diversa da quella trasferita da femmina a maschio. A causa della differenza di polarità dei complessi mente/corpo/spirito del maschio e della femmina, il maschio immagazzina energia fisica, la femmina energia mentale e mentale/emotiva. Quando il trasferimento di energia sessuale di terza densità è completato il maschio avrà offerto lo scarico di energia fisica. La femmina è, da ciò, rinvigorita, avendo molta meno vitalità fisica. Allo stesso tempo, utilizzando questo termine, la femmina scarica l’efflusso della sua energia mentale e mentale/emotiva immagazzinata, offrendo con ciò ispirazione, guarigione e benedizione al maschio che per natura è meno vitale in quest’area.
A questo punto possiamo chiedere un’altra domanda completa.
87.28 Interrogante: Perché la natura maschile e quella femminile sono diverse?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Quando il processo di velatura fu compiuto, alla polarità maschile venne attratta la Matrice della Mente e alla femmina, il Potenziatore della Mente; al maschio il Potenziatore del Corpo, alla femmina la Matrice del Corpo. Possiamo chiedere se ci sono delle brevi domande prima di chiudere questo lavoro?
87.29 Interrogante: C’è qualcosa che possiamo fare per rendere lo strumento più confortevole o migliorare il contatto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Troveremo utile il riallineamento suggerito dell’incensiere. Gli allineamenti sono buoni. Siete stati coscienziosi, amici miei. Vi lasciamo ora nell’amore e nella luce dell’Uno Infinito Creatore. Andate avanti, quindi, rallegrandovi allegramente nel potere e nella pace ineffabile dell’Uno Infinito Creatore. Adonai.
SESSIONE 88
29 maggio 1982
88.0 Ra: io sono Ra. Vi saluto nell’amore e nella luce dell’Uno Infinito Creatore. Comunichiamo adesso.
88.1 Interrogante: Potresti prima indicarmi le condizioni dello strumento?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il deficit energetico del complesso fisico è considerevole in questo spazio/tempo. C’è stata anche una significativa perdita delle energie vitali. Tuttavia, queste energie sono ancora ben all’interno della distorsione che potresti chiamare vigore.
88.2 Interrogante: Di tutte le cose che hai menzionato precedentemente per reintegrare queste energie, in questo particolare spazio/tempo, quale sarebbe più appropriata per reintegrare entrambe queste energie?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Come noti, vi sono molti fattori che contribuiscono al supporto verso le distorsioni di forza e il miglioramento delle distorsioni verso la debolezza di questo strumento. Suggeriamo a ciascuno che le molte cose che sono state apprese siano applicate coscienziosamente.
Vorremmo scegliere una distorsione fisica per la discussione.
I servitori negativi di quarta densità che visitano il vostro gruppo in questo momento stanno energizzando un complesso piuttosto grave di squilibri nelle appendici manuali di questo strumento e, in misura minore, quelle distorsioni della regione toracica.
Si suggerisce attenzione al fine di astenersi da qualsiasi uso inutile di queste appendici. Poiché questo strumento non apprezzerà questo suggerimento, suggeriamo una discussione appropriata.
88.3 Interrogante: Presumo da questo che il nostro visitatore negativo di quinta densità sia ancora a riposo. È corretto?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Il tuo visitatore di quinta densità non vi sta accompagnando in questo momento. Tuttavia, non sta riposando.
88.4 Interrogante: l’incensiere che abbiamo fornito è a posto? Si spegne prima della fine della sessione. Sarebbe meglio se non si spegnesse prima della fine della seduta?
Ra: Io sono Ra. La nuova configurazione dell’incensiere è molto utile per i modelli più sottili di energia che circondano questi lavori. Sarebbe utile avere una quantità di incenso che brucia continuamente. Tuttavia, la difficoltà sta nell’avere ciò senza opprimere questo ambiente con l’ammontare di effluvio e prodotto fisico della combustione. Dovendo scegliere tra lasciare che l’incensiere finisca di bruciare e avere una sovrabbondanza di fumo, proponiamo il primo come essere più utile.
88.5 Interrogante: Lo strumento ha menzionato ciò a cui si riferisce come ad una percezione involontaria o “essere consapevole”, durante queste sessioni, a volte, della comunicazione. Commenteresti questo?
Ra: Io sono Ra. Abbiamo con noi il complesso mente/corpo/spirito dello strumento. Quando questa entità inizia a risvegliarsi dalla metaforica “culla” dell’esperienza di luce e attività nella nostra densità, inizia a essere consapevole del movimento del pensiero. Non comprende questi pensieri più di quanto il vostro bambino di terza densità possa comprendere le prime parole che percepisce. L’esperienza dovrebbe continuare ed è una conseguenza appropriata della natura di questi lavori e del metodo con cui questo strumento si è reso disponibile alle nostre parole.
88.6 Intervistatore: Lo strumento ha menzionato una ricorrenza della necessità di andare in bagno prima di questa sessione. È a causa della bassa energia vitale?
Ra: Io sono Ra. È parzialmente a causa del livello di energia vitale abbassato. Questa entità ha sostenuto un livello della distorsione che chiam
|
4 | -1 | 1 |
商终结了这一争持：不吃早餐不社长胖，相反吃早餐恐怕诱致体重增进。
通过解析13项临床试验，结果展现，分配到吃早饭的人，每一天摄入能量超过不吃早餐的人，平均每日高259.97kcal，而两组人士的体重并无显然有别。商量者在敲定中以为，临床医务卫生职员在面前蒙受索要减肥的常年病者时，不应该把“吃早餐”作为节食的手腕开展推荐介绍，因为很只怕引发完全相反的结果，即，不独有不可能减重，恐怕还可能会引致体重扩大。
BMJ同期为那篇研究发布了一篇配套社论，社论中说，近些年，“不吃早餐有毒”的争辨差没多少全体被克制，未有其他凭证证实不吃早餐团体首领胖，大概不吃早餐会有其它不良反应。同一时候，编者在社论中测度，不吃早餐产生的收入也许源于肠道菌群与白天和黑夜节律之间的关联，社论称，原来就有多项研商发掘长时间的断食对肠道菌群有益。
上述内容仅授权39正规网独家使用，未经版权方授权请勿转载。<|endoftext|>Proseguiamo la serie di brevi articoli che presentano i dati scientifici più recenti sul ruolo potenziale dello xantumolo nella prevenzione della patologia tumorale.
Come preannunciato, riassumiamo (e cerchiamo di utilizzare un linguaggio comprensibile ai non-esperti) un recente articolo pubblicato da ricercatori belgi, che hanno coltivato cellule di tumore prostatico in presenza o meno di flavoni prenilati derivanti dal luppolo. Di questi composti, di cui il più noto è lo xantumolo, abbiamo parlato nei numeri scorsi di Fermento Birra. Vi sono studi epidemiologiciche che dimostrano come i bevitori di birra siano meno esposti al rischio di contrarre tumore prostatico. Questo tipo di ricerche osservano in pratica cosa mangia o beve una popolazione e quali malattie la stessa contrae in misura maggiore. Si cerca poi di fare dei collegamenti tra le due variabili. A seguito di questi ed altri studi, l’interesse di scienziati ed industrie si sta concentrando sui componenti minori della birra, in particolare quelli derivati dal luppolo.
In una serie di esperimenti, i ricercatori della Genth University hanno aggiunto xantumolo, desmetilxantumolo, 8-prenilnaringenina o 6-prenilnaringenina a due linee cellulari di tumore prostatico (che si possono coltivare il laboratorio) chiamate PC3 e DU145. Di tutti questi composti, lo xantumolo si è dimostrato il più potente nell’inibire la proliferazione delle cellule tumorali, arrestandone quindi lo sviluppo, seguito dalla 6-prenilnaringenina e dall’8-prenilnaringenina. E’ interessante notare come queste attività siano dose-dipendenti, ossia l’effetto dello xantumolo è tanto più potente quanto maggiore è la sua concentrazione.
Cerchiamo di interpretare questi risultati con spirito critico. Si tratta di un ottimo punto di partenza, ma le concentrazioni utilizzate in questi esperimenti (fino a 30 micromolare per i lettori più tecnici) sono difficili da raggiungere nell’uomo dopo aver bevuto birra. In breve, anche se lo xantumolo venisse assorbito al 100% nel nostro sangue ne circolerebbe meno di quanto usato in questi esperimenti. Non sono neanche chiari i meccanismi d’azione dello xantumolo e degli altri flavoni: non si capisce come facciano ad inibire la crescita delle cellule tumorali. Tuttavia, dati come questi costituiscono spesso lo spunto per ricerche più ampie e complete su questi argomenti. Speriamo, in futuro, di gettare luce su questi aspetti. Nel frattempo, valgono le solite raccomandazioni: il consumo eccessivo di alcool è dannoso per la salute e non previene il tumore, anzi. Quantità moderate di bevande alcoliche (in particolare quelle di qualità, che contengono oligonutrienti) svolgono effetti protettivi, soprattutto sul sistema cardiovascolare. E’ quindi sempre più attuale il consiglio di bere, moderatamente, birre di alta qualità.<|endoftext|>The story of the Annunciation is one of the most frequent themes in Christian art, most notably depicted by the artists of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. This is a story of connection between humanity and infinity, between the known and the unknown – of miracles, birth, and redemption. Is it any wonder that artists such as Sandro Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Caravaggio and many, many others endeavoured to give life to this event through their artwork?
These past weeks of exploring this artistic expression has opened my eyes to the breadth of this subject matter. An artist’s interpretation of an event is captured in the facial expressions, the hand positions, symbolism, length of brushstrokes, colours, backgrounds – all combine to allow the viewer to experience a oneness with the artist that breaks down the barriers of time and location.
And speaking of locations, paintings have personal journeys and destinations. Once created, they take on a life of their own and can no longer be held by the artist. While they may be owned by collectors for a time, they move from home to home, country to country, crossing oceans and mountains.
I have traced the journeys of three paintings:
The Annunciation by Sandro Botticelli was painted in Florence, Italy circa 1490-1495. It is now housed at the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, Glasgow Scotland, bequeathed by Archibald McLellan in 1854. Born in 1795, McLellan was a coachbuilder, art collector, councillor and magistrate – emphasis on the art collector. When he died in 1854, Archibald McLellan’s staggering debts forced his heirs to put his entire collection up for sale. The Glasgow town council had the foresight to purchase the entire collection.
The Annunciation by Paolo de Matteis was created in Naples, Italy in 1712 for Aurora Sanseverino, Duchess of Laurenzano. The painting found its way into the collection of Prince Henry of Bourbon-Parma, Count of Bardi (1851-1905), Parma, Italy. Upon his death, the painting was sold to Hirschler and Company, Vienna, Austria. In 1973, the Heim Gallery, in London England gained possession and sold it thereafter to Saint Louis Art Museum.
The Annunciation by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo was created in Seville, Spain during the years 1655 – 1660. The painting has found its home at the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg. The Hermitage purchased the painting from the collector, W. Coesvelt of Amsterdam.
What was created in Seville, Florence and Naples have made their way to distant lands. Wherever they went, they brought their narrative with them. Whether they remain in the places they now reside – well, that is another story for another generation to discover.<|endoftext|>Recommended Resources to Support the Teaching of Weather and Climate within this Specification
Key Overview Resources
RGS-IGB A level subject content overview Weather and Climate
Climate change updates for A level geography – supporting the 2016 specifications
Causes of climate change through the Quaternary Ice Age including glacials, interglacials and stadial periods and thresholds for change
Met Office In Depth introduction to the water cycle.
Deforestation, the water cycle, the carbon cycle and climate in the Amazon
Met Office In Depth introduction to the carbon cycle.
Impacts of recent increases in the atmospheric carbon store on the water cycle and oceans, including: amount, type and patterns of precipitation, extreme weather, river discharge, sea level rise, acidification of the oceans
Carbon, water, weather and climate a PowerPoint presentation focussing on recent changes to the carbon and water cycles, and how the two cycles interact.
Positive and negative feedback loops, thresholds and equilibrium in natural systems
Ecosystem feedbacks on the carbon and water cycles,
Climate Change Schools Project Module 2 – climate feedback mechanisms, Carbon Cycle Feedbacks
Consequences of change within and between the water and carbon cycles including cryosphere feedbacks, marine carbon feedbacks, terrestrial carbon feedbacks and methane feedbacks. The implications of feedback within and between the two systems for life on Earth, including Arctic permafrost thawing
Processes and Patterns of Global Migration
21st Century Challenges,
Economic Growth and Challenge
Energy Challenges and Dilemmas
Weather and Climate
Characteristics of the UK’s Climate
Extreme Weather events
Impacts of human activities on the atmosphere at local and regional scales: Urban Climates
Measuring the impact of urban areas on wind flow: a PowerPoint presentation introducing how the wind is affected by urban structures and notes for teachers introducing simple fieldwork which can be carried out in the school grounds, using bubbles.
People, climate and the Future
Further A level resources.
Link to the full WJEC/ Eduqas specification<|endoftext|>کنفرانس بین المللی گردشگری، جغرافیا و باستان شناسی با هدف شناسایی و بررسی راه های توسعه گردشگری پایدار، شناخت پتانسیل های طبیعی و شناسایی ظرفیت ها، منابع و مناطق مستعد سرمایه گذاری در زمینه گردشگری، اشتغال زایی و کارآفرینی در این صنعت، بررسی شیوه های نوین آموزش گردشگری، توسعه صنعت گردشگری با استفاده از فناوری مجازی، بررسی و ارایه شیوه های اساسی و عملیاتی برای اصلاح دافعه های گردشگری، آگاهی از آخرین دستاوردهای علمی و پژوهشی باستان شناسی و بررسی چالش ها، آسیب ها و فرصت های پیش روی این رشته و با محوریت باستان شناسی و آموزش، حفاظت از میراث باستانی، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، آمایش سرزمین، گردشگری و مدیریت، گردشگری و اقتصاد، گردشگری و میراث فرهنگی و... برگزار میگردد.<|endoftext|>Atomic Redster Q9 RVSK S + X 12 GW Gy
Ogni curva è potente e scattante, sia che si tratti di archi da GS lungo una conca appena preparata o di curve veloci e variabili attraverso i dossi del tardo pomeriggio. Uno sci con una manovrabilità senza eguali a qualsiasi velocità, tutto il giorno, in qualsiasi condizione sulle piste.<|endoftext|>10bet官网朱元璋称帝后杀了多少开国功臣?34人最后
朱元璋是农民出身的皇帝，但是朱元璋的帝王之术一点都不含糊。和其他开国皇帝一样，朱元璋称帝后为了稳固自己的地位，开始清理帮自己打天下的开国功臣。而且下手非常恨，一共34位功臣最后只剩下4位。只能说当时朱元璋的目的很清楚，就是要把自己身边对自己有威胁的人一并除掉，不留任何一丝希望的火苗。不过为什么当时没有人出来反朱元璋呢?这30多个人没理由任人宰割吧。
但凡农民出身的皇帝，只能共患难，不可同富贵，这一点很好理解，一来是皇帝担心他死后，他的子孙驾驭不了那些叔伯大爷，二来是部分元老居功自傲，不懂得君臣之道，自己招来杀身之祸。朱元璋滥杀功臣在历史上是出了名的，陪他打天下的功臣大多数都是在他手里，清人为了抹黑明朝，甚至还制造了“火烧庆功楼”的谣言。
但是，朱元璋屠杀功臣却是事实。他杀人的手段很简单——谋反加连坐，胡惟庸案、蓝玉案、空印案、郭桓案，几件大案下来，受牵连而死的官员多多达数十万，开国功臣们更是几乎被一网打尽，最后仅留下四人。
汤和和朱元璋的关系最铁，两人是同乡，从小一起长大，朱元璋就是在汤和引荐下参军的。汤和为人谦和，朱元璋对他非常放心，晚年的朱元璋猜忌之心越来越重，汤和非常知趣地交出兵权，告老还乡，寿享七十，得以善终。
沐英是朱元璋的义子，十二岁时就随朱元璋东征西讨，十八岁时就能独当一面，后来以副帅之职跟随邓愈征讨吐吐蕃，平定云南，因为受封西平侯，镇守云南。洪武十五年，沐英因义母马皇后病逝悲伤过度，吐血而死，时年四十八岁。
郭英是朱元璋的侍卫，鄱阳湖大战时身负重伤，死战不退，最终大败陈友谅。洪武十七年，郭英受封武定侯，他的妹妹是朱元璋妃子，因而备受恩宠。朱棣起兵造反，郭英作为硕果仅存的开国老将，跟随大将军李景隆平叛，无功而返。朱棣即位后大肆清算，郭英被罢官回乡，同年病逝。
耿炳文是开国二十八侯之一，起初名声不显，善守不善攻。耿炳文镇守长兴城十年之久，屡次击退张士诚，开国后朱元璋将他与大将军徐达列为一等。朱棣起兵作乱，建文帝拜耿炳文为征虏大将军，朱棣篡位后，耿炳文因站队问题被清算，被迫自杀。
以上内容由历史新知网整理发布(www.lishixinzhi.com)如若转载请注明出处。部分内容来源于网络，版权归原作者所有，如有侵犯您的原创版权请告知，我们将尽快删除相关内容。
关键词：<|endoftext|>A “dangerous dog” is defined in sSection 10-51 of the Gadsden County, Florida, Code of Ordinances under the term “vicious animal.” A dog will be declared dangerous if the dog has, more than once, bitten or scratched a human or other animal without provocation within a 12-month period, which inflicts seriously bodily injury to that human or animal.
Once classified as vicious, the dog shall either be confined permanently to its owner’s premises or humanely destroyed at the discretion of the director of animal control. A dog will not be classified as vicious if the injury was sustained by a domesticated animal, which at the time of the injury was teasing, tormenting or otherwise abusing the dog or if the injury was sustained by a person who was committing or attempting to commit a tort or crime upon the dog’s owner or who was committing a willful trespass upon the owner’s premises and was tormenting, teasing or otherwise assaulting the dog.
Sec. 10-51. Definitions.
The following words, terms and phrases, when used in this article, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in this section, except where the context clearly indicates a different meaning:
Vicious animal means any animal which has bitten or scratched a human or other animal without provocation two or more times within a 12-month period of time, or any animal which has attacked a human or other animal with provocation, causing serious bodily injury to that human or animal.
Wild animal means any animal normally found outside captivity in the county and the related ecosystems of this area of the United States. The term “wild animal” includes, but is not limited to, such animals as reptiles, raptors, mammals, aquatic animals, and amphibians.
(Ord. No. 88-004, § 2; Ord. No. 90-010, § II)
Sec. 10-60. Vicious animals.
(a) Any animal classified as vicious according to the definition in this article shall be, at the time of being so classified, either confined permanently to the owner’s premises; or humanely destroyed at the discretion of the director of animal control.
(b) No animal shall be classified as vicious if injury was sustained by a domesticated animal which at the time of such injury was teasing, tormenting, abusing, or assaulting the attacking animal.
(c) No animal shall be classified as vicious if the threat or injury was sustained by a person who at the time was committing or attempting to commit a tort or crime upon the owner of the animal or who was committing a willful act of trespass upon the premises of the owner of the animal or who was teasing, tormenting, or abusing the animal.
(Ord. No. 88-004, § 6)
Also put the following language in at the end of the article:
Florida law does not require the classification of a dog as a “dangerous dog” in order to pursue claim or a case for dog bite injuries. In fact, there is no requirement that Animal Control take any action for a person to pursue a case for medical bills, medical treatment, pain and suffering, and related damges for a dog bite injury.
Whether a dog is classified as a dangerous dog or not, it is vital that dog owners maintain control of their dogs for the protection of others. This would include consistent use of leashes and a secure backyard and / or front yard with appropriate fencing. In Florida, a dog bite victim typically need only prove that a dog bite took place. There is no requirement that the dog bite victim prove the dangerous history or propensities of the dog. Even if this was the dog’s first bite every, the dog bite victim can pursue a cause of action against the dog owner for the related damages and injuries.
You can read more about the Florida Dog Bite Law at Florida Dog Bite Statute – There is Teeth to this Florida Law – Rights of Injured Children and Adults. The book titled – The ABCs of Child Injury – Legal Rights of the Injured Child – What Every Parent Should Know – has chapters on Dog Bite Injuries, Medical Bills and Treatment, Damages / Compensation, and other topics. You can receive a free child injury book at The ABCs of Child Injury. See also Florida Animal and Dog
|
4 | -1 | 2 |
a race I saw since I lived in this world, but never a race like that, for tipping and tugging and welting the horses; the jockeys in coloured clothes, striped and blue, and little blue caps on them, and a lady in the front of them on a bayish horse and wearing a scarlet jacket.
I told what I saw the same evening to an old woman living near and she said, "Whatever you saw keep it secret, or some harm will come upon you." There was another thing I saw besides the riders. There were crowds and crowds of people, standing as we would against walls or on a stage, and taking a view. They were shouting, but the men racing on the horses said nothing at all. Never a race like that one, with the swiftness and I the welting and fine horses that were in it.
What clothing had these people? They had coats on them, and on their back there were pictures, pictures in the form of people. Shields I think they were. Anyway there were pictures on them. Striped the coats were, and a sort of scollop on them the same as that screen in the window (a blind with Celtic design). They had little blue caps, such as wore them, but some had nothing on the head at all; and they had blue slippers--those I saw of them--but I was afeared to take more than a side view except of the racers.
An Old Army Man:
You know the forth where the old man lost his hair? Well there's another man, Waters, that married Brian's sister, has the second sight, and there's a big bush left in that forth, and when he goes there he sees a woman sitting under it, and she lighting a fire.
Cloran's father was living over at Knockrnaa one time and his wife died, and he believed it was taken into the hill she was. So he went one morning and dug a hole in the side of the hill. But the next morning when he went back to dig again, the ho]e was filled up and the grass growing over it as before. And this he did two or three times. And then some one told him to put his pick and his spade across the hole. And so he did, and it wasn't filled up again. But what happened after I don't know.
An Old Army Man:
That's a bad bit of road near Kinvara where the boy lost his life last week; I know it well, And I knew him, a quiet boy, and married to a widow woman; she wanted the help of a man, and he was young. What would ail him to fall off the side of an ass-car and to be killed?<|endoftext|>姆科马齐国家公园
姆科马齐国家公园是犀牛和野狗繁衍生息的天堂，占地面结为3234 平方千米，当前划分为姆科马齐（2010平方千米）和Umba（1224平方千米）野生动物保护区。公园北面与肯尼亚的东察沃国家公园接壤，姆科马齐占据乞力马扎罗（Kilimanjaro）及坦噶地区，离摩西镇（Moshi Town）112千米，离达累斯萨拉姆（Dar-es-Salaam）有550千米。
姆科马齐国家公园的名字源自Pare部落表示“水源”的词语，即姆科马齐东南边界的Umba 河。这条河流与其它水坑，滋润着公园内大大小小的哺乳动物，包括银色背脊的豺狼、狮子、印度豹、美洲豹、捻角羚、长颈鹿、美洲野牛、大象和斑马。观鸟者还有机会观赏到姆科马齐的450种鸟类，包括林戴胜、草原雕、鹦鹉、翠鸟等等。作为国家公园，姆科马齐有可能成为独具魅力的保护区，吸引旅游者前来探索坦桑尼亚神秘的大自然。
Mkomazi National Park
必去理由：坦桑尼亚最主要的犀牛保护区
景点所在大洲： 非洲【Africa】
景点所在国家/地区：坦桑尼亚[Tanzania]
景点所在省、州：乞力马扎罗区和坦噶区 [Kilimanjaro and Tanga Regions]<|endoftext|>سیر درشت برای صادرات مناسب است؟ سیر صادراتی باید به چه شکل باشد؟ اغلب مواقع برای صادرات محصولات به کشور ها از محصول درجه یک استفاده می شود به جز کشور هایی که از نظر اقتصادی بسیار ضعیف هستند, سیر نیز از جمله محصولات صادرتی است که محصول مناسب و صادراتی ان باید درشت و یک دست باشد.
سیر خشک صادراتی را در دو نوع سفید و قرمز می توانید تهیه کنید.<|endoftext|>WhatsApp, aileniz ve arkadaşlarınıza mesaj gönderip alırken telefonunuzun İnternet bağlantısını (4G/3G/2G/EDGE veya varsa Wi-Fi) kullanır. Her bir mesaj için ayrı bir ücret ödemeniz gerekmez. Mobil veri paketinizi aşmadığınız veya ücretsiz bir Wi-Fi ağına bağlı olduğunuz sürece WhatsApp üzerinden mesajlaştığınız için operatörünüz size ekstra maliyet çıkartmamalıdır.
Arama yapmak da aynı şekilde işlemektedir. WhatsApp üzerinden telefon araması yapmakla ilgili daha fazla bilgi için lütfen bu makaleye göz atın.
Lütfen dikkat edin:
Hoşçakalın,
WhatsApp Destek Ekibi<|endoftext|>What then, is b?
(This was going to be an article about how impossible it is to design one language that has all my favourite features. But instead, became a scene from "A Coder's Edition of Saw.")
You wake up, in unfamiliar surroundings.
You must've experienced some kind of memory loss because you have no idea how you got to where you are. Your forehead is brittle with dried blood.
In front of you is a computer screen, and on the screen it says:
a = Add(2,3); //a is 5. b = Add(2); //what is b?
Intriguing. What is
Because you're uncertain of the language in question, you can't be sure.
It could be that
Add is an overloaded function, in which case
b would be an integer. Its exact value is anyone's guess.
Or it could be that
Add has an optional second parameter. Again
b would be an integer, though its value could be anything.
It could be that the code refuses to run. The missing parameter is a deal breaker.
But you look at the tattoo on the back of your hand, the 11th letter of the greek alphabet, and you are certain.
What then, is
I'm currently writing a book about how to build your first product. If you want to build your first product, please sign up to be notified when the book is available.<|endoftext|>منابع انتشار بوی نامطبوع در کنگان و عسلویه شناسایی شد / شکایت محیط زیست از صنایع
در پی انتشار بوی مواد هیدروکربنی در شهرستان عسلویه و گزارشات مردمی موضوع در روزهای اخیر توسط اداره کل حفاظت محیط زیست استان بوشهر مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
به گزارش خبرگزاری تسنیم از بوشهر به نقل از روابط عمومی اداره کل حفاظت محیط زیست استان بوشهر، مصطفی موذنی رئیس اداره حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان عسلویه در این خصوص گفت: طی بازدید میدانی بعمل آمده توسط کارشناسان اداره محیط زیست عسلویه از کلیه منابع بالقوه انتشار بو در شهرستان منابع فعال شناسایی شد. مخازن متمرکز ذخیره میعانات گازی مجاور شهر عسلویه در حین بازدید میدانی دارای بو بود که اقدامات قضایی به دلیل عدم کنترل بو توسط متولیان در این رابطه انجام شده و در حال پیگیری است و طرح بو زدایی از میعانات گازی در حال حاضر توسط سرمایه گذار به سازمان منطقه ویژه اقتصادی انرژی پارس پیشنهاد داده شده و در دست بررسی است.
موذنی در ادامه گفت: مورد بعدی که انتشار بو از آن ثبت شد از محل شکستگی آب برگشتی دو تا از فازهای پالایشگاهی بوده که بخشی از آب برگشتی نشت کرده و بر روی مسیر خطوط لوله کوریدور شرقی جریان پیدا کرده است و با توجه به اینکه خروجی تصفیه خانه ناقص آن پالایشگاه به این جریان متصل است حاوی بوی مواد هیدروکربنی می باشد. با تغییرات جهت جریان باد بوهای منتشر شده به سمت شهر عسلویه و نخل تقی هدایت میگردد که غالبا مقطعی میباشد.
رئیس اداره حفاظت محیط زیست شهرستان عسلویه تصریح کرد: شهر بیدخون به واسطه نزدیکی به پالایشگاه و قرار گرفتن در مسیر جهت باد غالب متاسفانه بیشترین آلودگی را دریافت می کند که پالایشگاه مذکورکه دارای مشکلات بنیادی حین ساخت می باشد علت اصلی آن می باشد که در این رابطه پیشنهاد طرح موضوع تبصره ١ ماده ١٢ قانون هوای پاک ارائه شده است. با عنایت به تصویب تصفیه خانه های تکمیلی در کارگروه ملی عسلویه و پیگیری ها ماهانه روند پیشرفت پروژه ها وفق مصوبه دولت در آبان 99 امیدواریم کلیه موارد مرتبط با بوهای منتشر شده از حوضچه های فاضلاب ها و خروجی تصفیه خانه ها برطرف شود.
فرهاد قلینژاد مدیرکل حفاظت محیط زیست استان بوشهر گفت: کلیه منابع انتشار بوی نامطبوع در شهرستان های کنگان و عسلویه در دو سال اخیر شناسایی و راهکارهای لازم به صنایع ارایه که به دلیل عدم انجام اقدامات توسط برخی از متولیان صنایع با شکایت محیط زیست پیگیری حقوقی نیز آغاز شده است.همچنین موضوع کنترل بوی نامطبوع در پروژه های طرح جامع رفع و کاهش آلودگی های منطقه که مصوب هیات دولت شده است وجود دارد و حتما باید در اجرای پروژه های مذکور تسریع شود.
مدیرکل حفاظت محیط زیست استان بوشهر همچنین گفت: موضوع آلودگی هوای و بوی نامطبوع روزهای اخیر نیز پیگیری و باید صنایع منطقه اقدامات فوری انجام دهند و محیط زیست موضوع را با جدیت پیگیری خواهد کرد.
انتهای پیام/ش<|endoftext|>Immagine, Credit: Utrecht University Faculty of Science.
Un nuovo studio offre nuove opportunità per il trattamento dell’insufficienza renale. I nostri reni sanno quando devono lavorare un po’ di più. Quando l’intestino inizia a produrre più prodotti di scarto, i reni iniziano a lavorare di più per espellerli.
I ricercatori dell’Università di Utrecht e dell’Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven hanno pubblicato un articolo su questo processo in PNAS, il 22 luglio. L’intuizione di questo meccanismo potrebbe portare a nuovi trattamenti per l‘insufficienza renale.
I reni filtrano i prodotti di scarto dal sangue e possono aumentare la loro attività di filtraggio quando necessario. Ma fino ad ora, gli scienziati non sapevano esattamente come funzionasse questo meccanismo. Il gruppo di ricerca guidato da Roos Masereeuw ha ora dimostrato che alcune cellule renali hanno recettori in grado di osservare concentrazioni più elevate di prodotti di scarto.
Il gruppo ha quindi identificato il modo in cui questa osservazione stimola la produzione di una proteina di trasporto, con conseguente aumento dell’escrezione delle sostanze di scarto.
Nuovi trattamenti per l’insufficienza renale
Secondo il Prof. Masereeuw, la comprensione di questo meccanismo potrebbe portare a nuovi trattamenti per l’ insufficienza renale. Questo perché il meccanismo svolge un ruolo vitale nello stimolare l’escrezione dei rifiuti; un processo che è inibito dall’insufficienza renale. “Avviando questo meccanismo, pensiamo che potremmo essere in grado di trattare l’insufficienza renale in fase iniziale“, spiega Masereeuw. “Continueremo a studiare come possiamo avviare questo processo”.
Uno dei passi verso l’identificazione di questo meccanismo prevedeva l’uso di vescicole renali artificiali, che Masereeuw aveva precedentemente sviluppato insieme ad altri ricercatori. Ciò ha permesso al gruppo di studiare quali recettori e molecole di segnale a livello cellulare sono coinvolti nell’osservazione dei prodotti di scarto e nella regolazione delle proteine di trasporto che facilitano l’escrezione nelle urine.
Fonte, Utrecht University<|endoftext|>Freshwater fish farms consist primarily of earth ponds, or basins or canals constructed from concrete, where a continuous water flow-through is maintained from spring, stream, ground or drainage water circulated through airlift systems.
There are a handful of fully recirculated aquaculture facilities (FREA) in Denmark, that produce more fish with less water and less pollution in closed facilities.
The Danish production of freshwater farmed fish is primarily rainbow trout, though eel, trout, pikeperch, carps, pike, perch, Atlantic salmon, sturgeons are also farmed.
The Danish freshwater fish production is currently taking place in about 230 fish farms, primarily Jutland (Danish: Jylland). In 2007, the freshwater fish farms produced approximately 30,000 tonne fish.
Environmental effectsWaste water from freshwater fish farms is a major concern because waste water can negatively impact the environment in the receiving water body.
Large quantities of organic compounds and nutrients in waste water and fish sludge can result in oxygen deficiency in the receiving body of water, and thus result in a decline in water quality as well as the natural biological communities. In addition, wastewater can contain residues of medicine and chemical additives that are added to farms in order to treat sick fish, cleaning of facilities or added as water treatement.
As a result of dams and weirs, channel straightening and other types of stream alterations, fish farms can also cause physical damage to near-by streams. Most fish farmers though, take into consideration the native fish and their migratory pattern by placing fish ladders or the like in order for the fish to pass the dam or weir.
Regulation and environmental protectionIn 1989, the Danish government enforced regulations on freshwater fish farms, resulting in a reduction in discharges of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphor to about half.
Freshwater fish farms are now regulated according to the new Statuary Order for Fish Farms nr. 130 of 8th of February 2012 (In Danish: bekendtgørelsen om miljøgodkendelse og samtidig sagsbehandling), and an environmental approval (Environmental Protection Act chapter 5). Water intake is regulated by the Water Supply Act.
This new statuary order for fish farms combines 3 statuary orders into 1 (statuary order for Fish Farms, statuary order for model type 3 fish farms or similar installations as well as the statuary order for simultaneous processing of permits for freshwater fish farms).
The main goal of the new statuary order for fish farms is to create incentives for the fish farmers to produce more fish while reducing their the environmental pollution.
Expansions and other changes of a freshwater fish farm, which will lead to an increase in pollution, have to be approved according to chapter 5 in the Environmental Protection Act.
Environmental approvals of freshwater fish farmsAll freshwater fish farms were, by 1 January 1999, obligated to apply for an environmental approval according to Environmental Protection Act Chapter 5. In the Environmental Protection Act Ch. 5, each fish farm in Denmark is regulated based on their present environmental condition, more so than is the case in the Statuary Order for Fish Farms (dambrugsbekendtgørelsen).
The municipality that is associated with each fish farm reaches the final decision on environmental approvals as well as the fish farms water abstraction approvals. In addition, the municipalities also carry out inspections. Decisions reached by the municipalities can be filed at the Nature Protection and Environmental Board of Appeal.
The Danish Environmental Protection Agency is the prime enforcement authority of legislation regulating freshwater fish farms, of which includes accessing and preparing guidelines for authorities to regulate the development of fish farms.
Read more about farming of freshwater rainbow trout in Denmark (pdf, 1.6 MB)
Danish Order on environmental permitting and concurrent case management with regard to freshwater fish farming (pdf file)
Find information on Danish measures to promote eco-innovation and increase knowledge about environmental technologies.Read about Eco-inovation here<|endoftext|>GENTNER’S FRITILLARY, Fritillaria gentneri
Gentner’s fritillary is a red-flowering herb that is part of the Liliaceae or lily family. It is endemic (found nowhere else but here) to Jackson and Josephine counties in southwest Oregon, including one recently found small population in Siskiyou County of northern California near the Oregon-California border.
Gentner’s fritillary grows at elevations below 4,450 feet in dry, open woodlands of fir and oak. The stems and leaves have a bluish waxy coating that is sometimes mottled with purple. It has arrow-shaped leaves and the flowers are solitary from a branched flowering stem. Gentner’s fritillary looks similar to scarlet fritillary, Fritillaria recurva. The only difference is the length at which the style, part of the female reproductive organ, is split. In gentner’s fritillary, the style splits at one half its length and in scarlet fritillary, the style splits at one-fourth to one-third its length.
It is difficult to count the total population for gentner’s fritillary because bulbs can lay dormant for several years, thus they do not produce stems and flowers. Counting the total population is impossible without seeing the stems or flowers. The current estimated total population is 1,696 flowering individuals. In 2001, an inventory of 46 macroplots was assessed. Of the 46 plots, 22 (48%) contained 1 to 5 flowering plants, 20 (43%) contained 6 to 50 and 4 (9%) contained greater than 50. Because the number of individual flowering plants is typically low in each macroplot, extirpation (local extinction) of these populations is high due to habitat loss.
The main threats to gentner’s fritillary include habitat loss due to development, which can wipe out entire populations. Since 1982, eight populations have been extirpated due to agricultural development and construction of homes, schools, roads and driveways. Also, vehicle use on logging roads on Federal lands destroys habitat. Hikers, bikers and horseback riders pick flowers growing along trail sides. Horticulturalists dig up bulbs for cultivation. In addition, exotic yellow star thistle invades their habitat and the herbicides used to control star thistle is a major threat to gentner’s fritillary.
Gentner’s fritillary can thrive from natural disturbance, such as fire, and human induced light disturbance such as hiking. It grows in Oregon white oak woodlands, California black oak, Oregon white oak and madrone mixed hardwood forests, and Douglas-fir and madrone coniferous forests. Within the Oregon white oak woodlands, gentner’s fritillary is endangered throughout
|
4 | -1 | 3 |
’s life. You don’t need to have the right words: just be there with them and let them know you are available for them; to talk, or to help with anything, whether in terms of the funeral or practical support.
You may never be able to make sense of why your friend chose to end his life but with time, it is possible, through grief, to find ways to create further meaning in life.
Here are some suggestions:
- Express your grief: many people cry and many do not. Some people find other ways to connect with their sadness: through music, art and other creative means. You can do this alone or choose to be with others.
- Talk to someone you trust: don’t be afraid to talk about your friend’s life and death and the impact it has had on you. If you can’t think of a friend or relative you feel comfortable with, perhaps you could talk to a counsellor or join a support group.
- Find ways to connect with your friend, even though he is no longer physically here: you could visit his favourite places, read his favourite books, create a photo album of shared memories, visit his place of burial or cremation, write down your thoughts about him or spend time with his family.
- Stay physically and mentally healthy: try to go for walks, get some fresh air; eat well, try to sleep. Expressing grief does not mean you do not have good mental health: in fact, allowing yourself to do this means you are not bottling things up and avoiding the pain of your loss. This is better for your health in the long term.
- Give yourself permission to just ‘do nothing’, and cry (or not cry) if this is what you want to do.
If you find dealing with your grief overwhelming, please reach out to someone. You can contact CatholicCare Social Services for support on 4979 1172.<|endoftext|>TI SOGNO BUENOS AIRES
E così poco alla volta i nodi vengono al pettine...anche
nel cuore dell'Impero amerikano.
La crisi argentina non è significativa solo perchè è la sconfessione più plateale dei fantomatici benefici della globalizzazione e del libero mercato, ma anche perchè questa sconfessione viene da parte di un paese che di questa "globalizzazione" aveva fatto bandiera, e che oltretutto era un paese sostanzialmente ricco: non era per capirsi la Colombia o la Bolivia, tantomeno l'Afganistan.
Pure le ricette liberiste tanto care ai nostri politici, compresi i sinistri cacciati dal governo, erano state tutte applicate: privatizzazioni a iosa, precarietà talmente forte, da creare milioni di disoccupati in più ed altri milioni di poveri (sempre in più, naturalmente!!!).
Le imprese, soprattutto quelle di importazione, erano sommamente soddisfatte, anche perchè il costo del lavoro era crollato, anche grazie al fatto che si era adeguata la moneta locale (peso) al dollaro, ma naturalmente senza adeguare gli stipendi al nuovo costo della vita. Inoltre il governo era stato talmente ligio alle direttive di BM e FMI, che aveva eliminato qualsiasi barriera protezionistica per i prodotti locali, trovando così il Paese invaso dai prodotti delle multinazionali, che costando per ovvi motivi di meno (almeno nella fase di entrata nel mercato) spazzolavano i prodotti locali.
Naturalmente BM e FMI si erano scordati di avvisare che l'eliminazione delle barriere protezionistiche era una legge per tutti eccetto per i paesi ricchi, soprattutto l'Amerika, così il crollo dell'economia locale è stato generalizzato, è crollato anche il consumo interno a causa della chiusura delle imprese locali, è crollata la moneta e l'economia tutta.
Adesso tutti i politici e gli economisti occidentali si sono dovuti arrabbattare a cercare una soluzione, per evitare la diffusione a macchia d'olio del fenomeno, e soprattutto a cercare spiegazioni tese a calmare il popolo "bue" dei paesi occidentali, preoccupati pure loro di passare da clienti di Mc Donalds a merciaioli di stracci come è successo agli argentini.
Per cui adesso ci troviamo D'Alema che fa a gara con Berlusconi a chi spiega meglio il fatto che in Argentina è successo questo perchè c'è stato troppo poco liberismo, e che per fare un esempio mentre in Argentina la privatizzazione della telefonia ha portato ad accordi fra i due concorrenti, per cui i prezzi invece di scendere come predica la pubblicità liberista sono saliti del 500%, rispetto ai prezzi italiani, che come tutti sanno sono già fra i più cari del mondo.
Invece spiegano i due gareggiatori in Italia la privatizzazione è stata vera, abbiamo creato concorrenza vera e eliminato il monopolio pubblico. Peccato naturalmente che pochi se ne siano accorti, visto che la famosa eliminazione del canone è risultata solo una chimera che pochi hanno intravisto, e che dopo un primo periodo di accaparramento di clienti, tutte le compagnie hanno dismesso quasi tutte le offerte competitive, e i soldi guadagnati (si fa per dire!) li hanno spesi per creare nuovi accorpamenti e tentare di rimonopolizzare il mercato, stavolta come privati, o al limite per spartirsi il mercato. Ne' più nè meno di quello che è già successo in Argentina.
Naturalmente non possiamo prevedere gli sviluppi futuri della situazione argentina, anche perchè riteniamo che l'Impero amerikano ha troppi interessi da difendere in quel paese, ma ha pochi margini di manovra per uscire da quella situazione, e questo potrebbe preludere a tentazioni militari. Ma anche questo non è scontato, perchè in questo caso non basta la repressione: non si tratta più di minoranze politiche più o meno ideologizzate, si tratta di ampi settori di popolazione, dai ceti medi ai proletari e persino piccoli imprenditori falliti o professionisti da mesi senza stipendio. Difficile prevedere chi si prenderà la briga di sbrogliare la matassa e per quanto tempo.
Intanto però si può prendere atto che quando invece di pensare a giochetti di schieramento, si parte dai bisogni reali, si riesce a mettere in crisi il sistema in maniera profonda, senza che nessuno di fatto ti possa fermare.
Ed è questo il problema principale per il capitalismo oggigiorno.
L'Impero amerikano da decenni cerca di esorcizzare questo pericolo, inventandosi guerre in quantità, quasi fossero feste da ballo.
Ma si sa che gli esorcisti hanno fatto il loro tempo, e che in ogni caso questo tipo di "demone" non lo riescono proprio a debellare; a volte lo tengono un pò lontano per brevi periodi, ma alla fine questo demone si presenta in tutta la sua potenza.
Adesso cercheranno di rabbonirlo, forse, con qualche zuccherino (ma gli zuccherini in questa fase sono poco previsti e quindi sono scarsi) o magari cercheranno di stroncarlo, ma non sembrano soluzioni facilmente realizzabili, almeno per adesso. A meno che, naturalmente, non riescano a spuntare anche "i disobbedienti di Buenos Aires", che in cambio di qualche immagine in televisione, diano una mano al potere a dividere e quindi disintegrare questo movimento.
MA ALMENO PER ADESSO DA
QUELLE PARTI PIU' CHE LE TUTINE
SEMBRANO PRENDER PIEDE I BLACK BLOC. PER FORTUNA!!!
L'AVAMPOSTO DEGLI INCOMPATIBILI<|endoftext|>Non è un segreto che l’Everest, il gioiello della corona del Nepal nell’Himalaya, è la montagna più alta del mondo. È una di quelle verità radicate nell’infanzia, come sapere che Neil Armstrong è stata la prima persona su cui camminare la luna o quello balene blu È l’animale più grande che sia mai vissuto.
Potresti essere sorpreso di sentire, quindi, che altri picchi sono concepibili la terra più a lungo; Dipende solo da come lo misuri.
Quindi, in base a vari criteri – tra cui il più alto in termini di elevazione, il più lungo dalla base alla vetta e il più alto in base all’essere il punto più lontano dal centro della Terra – qual è la montagna più alta del mondo?
Imparentato: Perché le montagne non crescono per sempre?
Il monte Everest, situato nelle profondità della catena montuosa Mahālangūr Himāl nell’Himalaya, è senza dubbio la montagna più famosa e più attraente del nostro pianeta. Conosciuto anche come Chomolungma, che significa «Dea della Madre del Mondo» in Tibet, l’Everest fu scalato per la prima volta il 29 maggio 1953 da Tenzing Norgay, uno sherpa del Nepal, e dal neozelandese Edmund Hillary, e da allora è stato scalato con successo da Circa 4000 persone. La montagna ha anche mietuto più di 300 vittime da quando è iniziata la registrazione nel 1922. Secondo il quotidiano Guardian.
I ricercatori hanno misurato il Monte Everest diverse volte negli ultimi decenni, ma recenti valutazioni, Annunciato a novembre 2021, lo colloca a 29.031,69 piedi (8.848,86 metri) sul livello del mare, che è di circa 5,5 miglia (8,8 chilometri) di altezza. È un’altitudine impressionante, ma solleva una domanda: perché usiamo «sopra il livello del mare» per determinare la vetta più alta del mondo?
«Per avere un confronto nelle misurazioni, è essenziale disporre di una linea di base coerente», ha detto a WordsSideKick.com Martin Price, professore e direttore fondatore del Center for Mountain Studies presso l’Università delle Highlands and Islands in Scozia.
«Storicamente, e fino ad oggi, l’altitudine è stata solitamente indicata come altezza sopra il livello medio del mare», ha detto Price a WordsSideKick.com in una e-mail. «Tuttavia, questo deve essere riferito al livello medio del mare standard, che deve essere determinato. I livelli del mare variano nelle diverse parti del mondo e cambiano a causa Cambiamento climatico. «
Di conseguenza, «l’altitudine viene ora misurata rispetto al terreno geologico definito matematicamente», ha affermato. Geodi, secondo Amministrazione nazionale oceanica e atmosfericaUn modello del livello medio globale del mare utilizzato per misurare l’altezza precisa della superficie. Questa media viene utilizzata per accertare l’altezza delle montagne, un processo che a volte richiede a un aereo di «volare avanti e indietro su una montagna in una serie di linee parallele per misurare quanta gravità sta tirando verso il basso in cima», secondo Jim International. Queste misurazioni, insieme alle letture GPS, forniscono letture di elevazione incredibilmente accurate.
Quindi tutte le montagne sono misurate dal livello del mare, principalmente per comodità e consistenza, ma cosa succederebbe se le misurazioni fossero semplicemente prese dalla base alla cima? L’Everest rimarrà in cima alle classifiche?
La risposta è un montuoso «no». Questo onore andrà a Mauna Kea, un vulcano inattivo alle Hawaii. Sebbene la sua vetta sia a 13.802 piedi (4.205 m) sul livello del mare – che è meno della metà dell’altezza dell’Everest, secondo National Geographic La maggior parte del Mauna Kea è nascosta sotto il livello del mare. Quando misurato dalla base verso l’alto, Mauna Kea è alto 33.497 piedi (10.211 metri), secondo Servizio Geologico degli Stati UnitiIl che lo mette testa e spalle sul Monte Everest.
Dovremmo quindi considerare il Mauna Kea la montagna più alta della Terra?
«Tutto dipende dalla prospettiva che prendi», ha detto Price. «Se non ci fossero oceani sul nostro pianeta, non ci sarebbe dibattito! Puoi fare confronti con le montagne più alte su altri corpi nel nostro sistema solare, che non hanno oceani».
Nel frattempo, un altro concorrente, il Monte Chimborazo in Ecuador, presenta una vetta che è il punto più lontano dal centro della Terra.
Il Chimborazo non è la montagna più alta delle Ande, non è nemmeno la trentesima, ma è la sua vicinanza all’equatore che fa la differenza. La Terra non è una sfera perfetta, tecnicamente è uno sferoide oblato, e si gonfia lungo l’equatore. Questo è il risultato della forza generata dalla rotazione della Terra. Di conseguenza, significa che c’è una differenza di 13,29 miglia (21,39 km) tra il raggio polare del pianeta (3.949,90 miglia / 6356,75 km) e il suo raggio equatoriale (3.963,19 miglia / 6378,14 km), secondo NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
Chimborazo si trova solo un grado a sud dell’equatore, dove il rigonfiamento terrestre è più prominente; Questa schivata geografica significa la vetta del Chimborazo 3.967 miglia dal centro della Terra, che lo allontana dal centro del pianeta di 6.798 piedi (2.072 metri) dalla vetta dell’Everest.
Quindi, quale di questi tre contendenti per la montagna più alta dovrebbe ottenere il primo premio?
Il monte Everest è la montagna più alta sul livello del mare, mentre il Mauna Kea può certamente affermare di essere la montagna più alta del mondo (quando il livello del mare non viene preso in considerazione). Può essere difficile dimostrare che Chimborazo è il più alto, ma «è tutta una questione di prospettiva», ha ammesso Price.
Non importa quale montagna scegliate, la sua altezza impallidisce in confronto all’Olympus Mons di Marte, il vulcano più grande conosciuto al mondo. Sistema solare. È alto circa 16 miglia (25 km), Secondo la NASA, che è quasi tre volte più lungo del Monte Everest, e la base 374 miglia (601,9 km) di diametro, che è la stessa distanza di San Francisco e Los Angeles (383,1 miglia / 616,5 km).
C’è anche un cratere da impatto chiamato Rheasilvia sull’asteroide Vesta, che fa parte della cintura di asteroidi a 100 milioni di miglia dalla Terra. In mezzo a questo buco È una vetta che gli scienziati ritengono possa essere alta tra 20 e 25 chilometri, il che significa che potrebbe essere la montagna più alta del sistema solare, secondo Laboratorio di propulsione a getto della NASA.
Pubblicato originariamente su Live Science.
«Viajar ninja. Alborotador. Erudito del tocino. Experto en alcohol extremo. Defensor de los zombis».<|endoftext|>The Indus River is in North-West India. It starts in the Himalaya Mountain Range and flows East emptying out into the Arabian Sea. The Ghats Mountain Range is South of it.
If you don't have your heart set on living here in the valley, that's okay because I'm going to give a couple reasons why you want to live here.
The Indus Valley is made up of two terrains; the grassy greenlands perfect for farming on and the hard, rocky, landscape that makes the most sensational place for exploring.
The Valley has some of the best farm land in the world. As I said earlier the river starts in the Himilaya mountains and flows down toward the plains eventually traveling through them. The Indus River gets silt from the mountains leaving it behind at the plains. Silt is fine bits of clay or sand that acts as the most amazing fertilizer. It makes the ground rich with nutrients making farming on the plains easy as pie. You need to farm for food or you could use it to trade for other provision. Without the the farming you wouldn't have food to eat so you wouldn't survive.
Entertainment is considered rare by other communities outside of life in the Indus Valley. They have so much to do to survive that they don't have the time or the resources to even think about doing something extra. The Indus Valley is advanced in this area. They have indoor bathrooms and different types of toys and games. Games and toys include dice, clay marbles, grooved tracks, and game boards. The rough and rocky land toward the Ghat mountains make the perfect place for kids to explore during their free time.<|endoftext|>Expanding the Story of Japanese American Internment
Author: Lon Kurashige
Abstract:Greg Robinson, By Order of the President: FDR and the Internment of Japanese Americans. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001. 322 pp.
Eric L. Muller, Free to Die for Their Country: The Story of the Japanese American Draft Resisters in World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001; paper, 2003. 229 pp.
Since the passage of the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, the story of the Japanese Americans interned during World War II has spawned a cottage industry of popular histories, museum exhibits, public memorials, biographies, novels, memoirs, children's fiction and non-fiction, documentary and feature films, and, of course, scholarly studies. The Redress legislation, which required the U.S. government to pay $20,000 in reparations to each living survivor of America's concentration camps, ushered in a new era of legitimacy and popularity to the internment story. An Internet check on “Books in Print” lists 101 titles with the keywords “Japanese American internment.” Professional historians sit at the intellectual helm of this internment boom, and, accordingly, the amount of their output too has expanded. While the production of monographs and dissertations has increased in the recent past, more interesting to observe are the changing ways in which scholars have approached the internment. Since the 1940s, historical researchers focused on the most obvious architects of the decision to remove 110,000 persons of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast; three decades later the innocent victims of this wartime policy took center stage. Now the spotlight of innovation shines on those who have long been considered minor players in the internment drama. Two recent and highly notable monographs, Greg Robinson's By Order of the President and Eric L. Muller's Free To Die for Their Country, epitomize this historiographical trend. In focusing on the shadows of the internment story, these
|
5 | 0 | 0 |
and other chemicals
- Encephalopathy by physical agents: ionizing radiation, electrocution, hyperthermia or hypothermia.
- Diseases of infectious type: meningoencephalitis
Injuries caused by endogenous causes
- Hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke
- Anoxic encephalopathy: due to diverse casings such as cardiorespiratory arrest.
- Primary or secondary neoplasms
- Autoimmune inflammatory diseases (connective tissue diseases-systemic lupus erythematosus, behçet’s disease, systemic vasculitis and demyelinating diseases-Multiple sclerosis or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis-).
Depending on their incidence, an order of importance of these causes can be established, being the most frequent the traumatic brain injury and stroke / cerebrovascular accident. Third, there would be anoxic encephalopathy. Less frequent would be the causes of the type infectious or derived from brain tumors (Castellanos-Pinedo et al., 2012).
Ardila & Otroski (2012), propose that the TCE occurs as a consequential impact of a blow on the skull. Generally, the impact on the skull is transmitted to both the meningeal layers and cortical structures.
In addition, different external agents can cause the impact: use of forceps at birth, bullet wound, blow-to-blow effect, extension of a mandibular blow, among many others.
Therefore, we can find open trauma ( ACT ) in which a skull bill is produced and penetration or exposure of brain tissue and closed head trauma , in which there is no fracture of the skull, but serious injury to the skull may occur. Brain tissue due to the development of edema , hypoxia , increased intracranial pressure or ischemic processes.
The term cerebrovascular accident (CVA) refers to an alteration of the blood supply of the brain. Within the VCA, we can find two groups: due to obstruction of the blood flow (obstructive or ischemic type accidents) and hemorrhages (hemorrhagic accidents) (Ropper & Samuels, 2009; Ardila & Otroski, 2012).
In the group of strokes caused by an obstruction of blood flow we can find the following causes described by Ardila & Otroski (2012):
- Accidents thrombotic: the cause of obstruction is an arteriosclerotic plaque that is placed in an arterial wall. This can impede blood flow, causing an ischemic area (which does not receive blood supply) and an infarct in the area that the obstructed artery irrigates.
- Cerebral embolism / embolic accidents: the cause of the obstruction is an embolus (blood, fatty, or gaseous clot) that obstructs the blood circulation of a brain vessel, causing an ischemic zone and an infarct in the area where the obstructed artery irrigates .
- Transient ischemic attack: occurs when the obstruction resolves in less than a 24-hour period. Norlmanelte, occur as a consequence of an arteriosclerotic plaque or thrombotic embolus.
On the other hand, hemorrhagic accidents are usually the consequence of rupture of a cerebral aneurysm (malformation of a blood vessel) that may be generating hemorrhagic blood flows at the intarcerebral, subarachnoid, subdural or epidural level (Ardila & Otroski, 2012).
The anoxic or hypoxic encephalopathy occurs when there is insufficient oxygen supply to the central nervous system (CNS) due to respiratory, cardiac or circulatory causes (Serrano et al., 2001).
There are different mechanisms through which the oxygen supply can be interrupted: Decreased cerebral blood flow (cardiac arrest, CAD, severe hypotension, etc.); By decreasing the amount of oxygen in the blood (polirradiculoneuritisa guda, myasthenia gravis, pulmonary diseases, thoracic trauma, drowning or inhalation of toxics); Reduction of the capacity to transport oxygen (carbon monoxide poisoning) or brain tissue inability to use oxygen (cyanide poisoning) (Serrano et al., 2001).
Consequences of acquired brain damage
When DCA occurs, most patients have serious consequences that affect multiple components: from the development of a vegetative state or minimal consciousness to major deficits in sensorimotor , cognitive or affective components .
The occurrence of aphasia , apraxia , motor limitations, visuo-spatial alterations, or heminelect has frequently been reported (Huertas-hoyas et al., 2015). On the other hand, cognitive deficits tend to appear as attention, memory and executive functions (Garcia-Molina et al., 2015).
Together, all these deficits will have a significant functional impact and will be an important source of dependency; Hampering social relations and job reintegration (García-Molina et al., 2015).
In addition, they will not only give consequences to the patient. At the family level the suffering of an ACD in one of its members will be the cause of a strong moral blow.
Generally, a single person, the primary caregiver , will take over most of the work, ie assume most of the care to the patient in a situation of dependency. Only in 20% of cases, care is assumed by more relatives (Mar et al., 2011)
Different authors emphasize that the care of one in a serious situation of dependence supposes an effort that can be compared to a working day. Thus, the primary caregiver supports an overload of work that negatively affects their quality of life in the form of stress or inability to tackle tasks.
It is estimated that the presence of psychiatric disorders in caregivers is 50%, among them are anxiety , depression , somatizations and insomnia (Mar et al., 2011).
Diagnosis of acquired brain damage
Due to the wide variety of causes and consequences of ACD, both the involvement of brain systems and the magnitude of this can vary considerably among individuals.
In spite of this, the working group headed by Castellanos-Pinedo (2012) proposes the following definition of DCA:
“Injury of any origin that occurs acutely in the brain, causing in the individual a permanent neurological deterioration, which conditions a deterioration of his functional capacity and his previous quality of life.”
In addition, they extract five criteria that must be present so that a case can be defined as DCA:
- Injury that affects part or all of the brain (brain, brain stem and cerebellum).
- The onset is acute (occurs in a range of a few seconds to days).
- There is a deficiency as a consequence of the lesion , directly objectifiable through clinical examination and the use of diagnostic tests.
- There is a deterioration of the functioning and quality of life premóbidos of the person.
- Hereditary and degenerative diseases and lesions that occur in the prenatal stage are excluded.
In the acute phase, therapeutic measures will be directed primarily at the physical sphere. At this stage the individuals are hospitalized and the objective will be to obtain control of the vital signs and and of the consequences of the ACD, such as hemorrhages, intracranial pressure, etc. At this stage, the treatment is developed from surgical and pharmacological approaches.
In the post-acute phase , we will intervene from a physiotherapeutic level to treat possible motor sequelae, such as at the neuropsychological level to address the cognitive sequelae: orientation deficit, amnesia , linguistic deficit, attention deficit, and so on.
In addition, in many cases psychological attention will be necessary since the event and its consequences can become a traumatic event for the individual and his environment.
Acquired brain damage has a strong personal and social impact. Depending on different factors such as the location and severity of the injuries, there will be a series of physical and cognitive consequences that can have a devastating impact on the social sphere of the individual.
Therefore, the developments of post-acute intervention protocols that attempt to restore the functional level of the patient to a point close to the premorbid level are essential.<|endoftext|>The Bailiwick of Guernsey is one of three Crown Dependencies.
Separated from the Dukedom and Duchy of Normandy by and under the terms of the Treaty of Le Goulet in 1204, the Bailiwick comprises a number of islands in the English Channel which fall into three separate sub-jurisdictions: Guernsey, Alderney and Sark. Herm is administered as a part of Guernsey.
A bailiwick is a territory administered by a bailiff. The bailiff of Guernsey is the civil head and presiding officer of the States of Guernsey, but not of Alderney or Sark. He is the head of the judiciary of the Bailiwick.<|endoftext|>داستان فیلم
در یک دنیای موازی، میگل سعی می کند راه خود را برای پیوستن به یک مهاجرت به سیاره دیگر هک کند.
در دنیایی موازی، پدرو سعی می کند راه خود را برای پیوستن به مهاجرت به سیاره ای دیگر هک کند. در حالی که او در رویاها و ناامیدی های خود از جا ماندن غوطه ور است، با اوا ملاقات می کند، کسی که او را به چالش می کشد و مجبور می کند با هدف خود کنار بیاید.<|endoftext|>طالبان در پانزدهم جدی سال ۱۴۰۱ قرارداد استخراج نفت حوزه نفتی آمو دریا را به یک شرکت چینایی واگذار کردند.
شرکتی که در دوران جمهوریت در استخراج نفت از این حوزه موفق نشد و به دلیل «عدم تکمیل مکلفیت» قرارداد با این شرکت فسخ شد.
اکنون سرپرست وزارت معادن و پترولیم طالبان همراه با مسوولان این شرکت کار استراج نفت در ولایت سرپل را آغاز کردند.
شهاب الدین دلاور. سرپرست وزارت معادن و پترولیم طالبان گفت: «این شروع استخراج است و میزان استخراج روزانه به ۲۰ تن افزایش خواهد یافت.»
در سال ۱۳۹۶ هجری خورشیدی، حکومت پیشین به دلیل کاهش در استخراج نفت، تصفیه نفت در بیرون از کشور و ایجاد نشدن پالایشگاه از سوی شرکت ملی نفت چین، قرارداد را با این شرکت فسخ کرد.
اما هنگامی که طالبان قدرت را در افغانستان به دست گرفتند، بار دیگر قرارداد استخراج نفت حوزه نفتی آمو دریا را با چیناییها واگذار کردند.
بهرام رامش؛ آگاه مسایل اقتصادی در این باره میگوید: «قرارداد همراه شرکت که قبلاً قرارداد شده بود، فسخ شد. لیاقت این قرارداد را ندارد. اما طالبان باز هم همراهشان قرارداد کرد و شروع به فعالیت کرد یک جفای بزرگ است.»
طالبان قرارداد حوزه نفتی آمو دریا را برای بیست سال با شرکت چینایی قرارداد بسته است و انتظار میرود این شرکت از بخشهایی در حدود ۴۵۰ کیلو متر در ولایت های، سرپل، جوزجان و فاریاب نفت استخراج کنند.
سیرقریشی؛ آگاه مسایل اقتصادی گفت: «این قرارداد ۲۵ ساله است و سرمایهگذاری آن به ۵۴۰ میلیون دالر میرسد و اداره تحت کنترل طالبان در این پروژه ۲۰ درصد مشارکت خواهد داشت و میتواند به ۷۵ درصد افزایش یابد.»
برای نخستین بار قرارداد حوزه نفتی آمو دریا در سال با شرکت ملی نفت چین در سال ۱۳۸۹ به امضا رسید؛ اما به دلیل ناکارآمدی شرکت، قرارداد فسخ شد و حکومت پیشین میلیون ها دالر زیان دید.<|endoftext|>Central African Republic profileA chronology of key events:
1880s - France annexes the area.
1894 - France sets up a dependency in the area called Ubangi-Chari and partitions it among commercial concessionaires.
1910 - Ubangi-Chari becomes part of the Federation of French Equatorial Africa.
1920-30 - Indigenous Africans stage violent protests against abuses by concessionaires.
1946 - The territory is given its own assembly and representation in the French parliament; Barthelemy Boganda, founder of the pro-independence Social Evolution Movement of Black Africa (MESAN), becomes the first Central African to be elected to the French parliament.
1957 - MESAN wins control of the territorial assembly; Boganda becomes president of the Grand Council of French Equatorial Africa.Independence
1958 - The territory achieves self-government within French Equatorial Africa with Boganda as prime minister.
1959 - Boganda dies.
1960 - The Central African Republic becomes independent with David Dacko, nephew of Boganda, as president.
1962 - Dacko turns the Central African Republic into a one-party state with MESAN as the sole party.
1964 - Dacko confirmed as president in elections in which he is the sole candidate.The Bokassa era
1965 - Dacko ousted by the army commander, Jean-Bedel Bokassa, as the country faces bankruptcy and a threatened nationwide strike.
1972 - Bokassa declares himself president for life.
1976 - Bokassa proclaims himself emperor and renames the country the "Central African Empire".
1979 - Bokassa ousted in a coup led by David Dacko and backed by French troops after widespread protests in which many school children were arrested and massacred while in detention.
1981 - Dacko deposed in a coup led by the army commander, Andre Kolingba.
1984 - Amnesty for all political party leaders declared.
1986 - Bokassa returns to the CAR from exile in France.
1988 - Bokassa sentenced to death for murder and embezzlement, but has his sentence commuted to life imprisonment.Ban on parties lifted
1991 - Political parties permitted to form.
Former emperor Bokassa was found guilty of murder
1992 October - Multiparty presidential and parliamentary elections held in which Kolingba came in last place, but are annulled by the supreme court on the ground of widespread irregularities.
1993 - Ange-Felix Patasse beats Kolingba and Dacko in elections to become president, ending 12 years of military rule. Kolingba releases several thousand political prisoners, including Bokassa, before standing down as president.
1996 May - Soldiers stage a mutiny in the capital, Bangui, over unpaid wages.
1997 November - Soldiers stage more mutinies.
1997 - France begins withdrawing its forces from the republic; African peacekeepers replace French troops.
1999 - Patasse re-elected; his nearest rival, former President Kolingba, wins 19% of the vote.
2000 December - Civil servants stage general strike over back-pay; rally organised by opposition groups who accuse President Patasse of mismanagement and corruption deteriorates into riots.Coup bid
2001 May - At least 59 killed in an abortive coup attempt by former president Andre Kolingba. President Patasse suppresses the attempt with help of Libyan and Chadian troops and Congolese rebels.
2001 November - Clashes as troops try to arrest sacked army chief of staff General Francois Bozize, accused of involvement in May's coup attempt. Thousands flee fighting between government troops and Bozize's forces.
2002 February - Former Defence Minister Jean-Jacques Demafouth appears in a Bangui court to answer charges related to the coup attempt of May 2001.
2002 October - Libyan-backed forces help to subdue an attempt by forces loyal to dismissed army chief General Bozize to overthrow President Patasse.Patasse ousted
2003 March - Rebel leader Francois Bozize seizes Bangui, declares himself president and dissolves parliament. President Ange-Felix Patasse is out of the country at the time. Within weeks a transitional government is set up.
2004 December - New constitution approved in referendum.
2005 May - Francois Bozize is named the winner of presidential elections after a run-off vote.
2005 August - Flooding in the capital, Bangui, leaves up to 20,000 people homeless.
2005 June onwards - Thousands flee lawlessness in north-west CAR for southern Chad. Aid bodies appeal for help to deal with the "forgotten emergency".
2006 June - UN says 33 people have been killed in a rebel attack on an army camp in the north.
2006 August - Exiled Former President Ange-Felix Patasse is found guilty, in absentia, of fraud and sentenced to 20 years' hard labour.
2006 October - Rebels seize Birao, a town in the north-east. President Bozize cuts short an overseas visit.
2006 December - French fighter jets fire on rebel positions as part of support for government troops trying to regain control of areas in the northeast.
2007 February - The rebel People's Democratic Front, led by Abdoulaye Miskine, signs a peace accord with President Bozize in Libya and urges fighters to lay down their arms.
2007 May - The International Criminal Court says it is to probe war crimes allegedly committed in 2002 and 2003 following the failed coup against the Ange-Felix Patasse.
2007 September - UN Security Council authorises a peacekeeping force to protect civilians from violence spilling over from Darfur in neighbouring Sudan.
2008 January - Civil servants and teachers strike in protest over non-payment of salaries for several months.
Prime Minister Elie Dote and his cabinet resign a day before parliament was to debate a censure motion against him.
President Bozize appoints Faustin-Archange Touadera, an academic with no previous background in politics, to replace Mr Dote.
2008 February - Ugandan Lord's Resistance Army rebels raid CAR.Peace process
2008 June - Two of three main rebel groups - the Union of Democratic Forces for Unity (UFDR) and the Popular Army for the Restoration of Democracy (APRD) - sign peace agreement with government providing for disarmament and demobilisation of rebel fighters.
2008 September - Parliament adopts amnesty law seen as last remaining obstacle to successful conclusion of peace talks between rebels and the government.
2008 December - Government-rebel peace deal envisages formation of consensus government and elections in March 2010.
2009 January - National unity government unveiled; includes leaders of the two main rebel groups. Main opposition UVNF criticises the changes to the cabinet as insufficient.
2009 February - Ugandan LRA rebels cross into CAR.
2009 March - French troops reportedly deploy in Bangui after rebels infiltrate the capital.
2009 April - Clashes between government and rebels continue. UN Security Council agrees to creation of new UN peacebuilding office for CAR to address ongoing insecurity.
2009 July - New electoral commission established after parliament approves new election law.
2009 September - Ugandan army confirms that it is pursuing LRA rebels in CAR.
Ex-vice president on trial
Jean-Pierre Bemba denies committing crimes against humanity
2009 August - UN report says more than a million people have been affected by civil unrest in CAR.
2009 October/November - Former President Ange-Felix Patasse returns from exile, hints that he may stand for the presidency in 2010.
2010 February - Rights groups, opposition and France call for prove into claims - denied by the authorities - that rebel leader Charles Massi was tortured to death in government custody.
President Bozize says elections to be held on 25 April; opposition rejects date, fearing vote will be rigged.
2010 April - Elections postponed. Parliament extends President Bozize's term until polls can be held.
2010 May - UN Security Council votes to withdraw a UN force from Chad and the Central African Republic, deployed to protect displaced Chadians and refugees from Sudan's Darfur.
2010 July - Rebels attack northern town of Birao.
2010 September - Voter registration begins
|
5 | 0 | 1 |
low chemical reactivity. The common thing in these gases is that they have their shells completely filled. Helium has only K-shell which is complete, i.e., has 2 electrons. Neon, on the other hand, have two shells, K and L. Both these shells are complete, i.e., K shell has 2 electrons and L shell has 8 electrons.
In the modern periodic table, which are the metals among the first ten elements?SOLUTION:
Ans.: Metals among the first ten elements are lithium (Li) and beryllium (Be). These are placed towards the left of the table.Q 13.
By considering their position in the periodic table, which one of the following elements would you expect to have maximum metallic characteristics?
Ga, Ge, As, Se, Be
Ans.: Arranging the above elements in different groups and periods in order of their increasing atomic numbers, we have
Periods 1 2 3 4
Group 1 – – – –
Group 2 – Be – –
Group 13 – – – Ga
Group 14 – – – Ge
Group 15 – – – As
Group 16 – – – Se
We know that metallic character decreases from left to right in a period and increases down a group. Therefore, out of the elements listed in the question, Be and Ga are expected to be most metallic. Out of Be and Ga, Ga is bigger in size and hence has greater tendency to lose electrons than Be. Therefore, Ga is more metallic than Be.
Which of the following statements is not a correct statement about the trends when going from left to right across the periods of periodic table?
A. The elements become less metallic in nature.
B. The number of valence electrons increases.
C. The atoms lose their electrons more easily.
D. The oxides become more acidic.
Ans.: (C) The atoms lose their valence electrons with difficulty and not easily. This is on account of the reasons that
• nuclear charge increases from left to the right since the atomic number of the elements gradually increases.
• with the increase in nuclear charge, the force binding the electrons with the nucleus increases.
Therefore, the atoms lose their valence electrons with difficulty.
Element X forms a chloride with the formula XCl2 which is a solid with high melting point. X would most likely to be in the same group of the periodic table as :
Ans.: (B) The formula of the chloride of the element is XCl2. This means that the valency of the element X is 2 since chlorine is monovalent. The element with valency 2 is expected to be present in group 2 to which magnesium (Mg) belongs.Q 16.
Which element has
A. two shells, both of which are completely filled with electrons ?
B. the electronic configuration 2, 8, 2?
C. a total of three shells, with four electrons in its valence shell?
D. a total of two shells, with three electrons in its valence shell?
E. twice as many electrons in its second shell as in its first shell ?
Ans.: (A) Neon, Ne (2, 8)
(B) Magnesium, Mg (2, 8, 2)
(C) Silicon, Si (2, 8, 4)
(D) Boron, B (2, 3)
(E) Carbon, C (2, 4)
A. What property do all electrons in the same column of the periodic table as boron have in common ?
B. What property do all elements in the same column of the periodic table as fluorine have in common ?
Ans.: (A) All the elements which lie in the same column as that of boron belong to group 13. Therefore, they have three electrons in their respective valence shells. Except, boron which is a non-metal, all other elements (i.e., aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium) in this group are metals.
(B) The elements which lie in the same column as fluorine are called halogens. They belong to group 17 and thus have seven electrons in the valence shell. Therefore, their valency is 18 – 17 = 1. All these elements (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine and astatine) are non-metals.
An atom has electronic configuration 2, 8, 7.
A. What is the atomic number of this element?
B. To which of the following elements would it be chemically similar ? (Atomic numbers are giving in parentheses).
N(7), F (9), P(15), Ar(18)
Ans.: (A) The atomic number of the element is 17 (2 + 8 + 7 = 17).
(B) It will be chemically similar with fluorine (F) which has also 7 electrons in valence shell (2, 7).
The position of three elements A, B and C in the periodic table are shown below :
|Group 16||Group 17|
Ans.: (A) Group 17 represents halogen family. All the elements included in the family are non-metals. Therefore, element A is a non-metal.
(B) Reactivity of non-metals is generally due to the electron accepting tendency of their atoms. Down the group, the atomic size increases. Therefore, the attraction of the nucleus for the outside electrons decreases. This means that down the group of non-metals, reactivity decreases. Thus, the element C is less reactive than the element A.
(C) Atomic size of the elements decreases along a period. The elements B and C are present in the same period. Since C is placed after B, the size of the element C is less than that of B.
(D) The element A, as pointed out earlier is a non-metal which belongs to group 17. It has seven valence electrons (2, 8, 7). In order to have the configuration of the nearest noble gas element, it will take up one electron and change to anion i.e., A– ion.
Nitrogen (atomic number 7) and phosphorus (atomic number 15) belong to group 15 of the periodic table. Write their electronic configuration. Which of these will be more electronegative and why?SOLUTION:
Ans.: The electronic configurations of the two elements are :
Nitrogen (Z = 7) 2, 5 ; Phosphorus (Z = 15) 2, 8, 5
Nitrogen is more electronegative than phosphorus. The electronegativity decreases down the group with increase in size.
How does the electronic configuration of an atom relate to its position in the modern periodic table?SOLUTION:
Ans.: The electronic configuration of an atom helps us to predict the position of the atom in the periodic table.
(i) The number of the outermost shell corresponds to the period. For example, if the atom has second outermost shell, it belongs to second period and so on.
(ii) The number of electrons in the outermost shell corresponds to group in the periodic table.
In the modern periodic table, calcium (atomic number 20) is surrounded by elements with atomic number 12, 19, 21, and 38. Which of these have physical and chemical properties resembling calcium?SOLUTION:
Ans.: Only those elements are placed in the same group in which the gaps of atomic numbers are : 8, 8, 18, 18, 32. If we look at the atomic numbers of the elements that are listed, it becomes clear that the elements with atomic numbers 12, 20 (Ca), 38 fit into this pattern. They are placed in the same group and have also similar physical and chemical properties.Q 23.
Compare and contrast the arrangement of elements in Mendeleev's periodic table and the modern periodic table.SOLUTION:
Ans.: (i) In Mendeleev's periodic table the elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic masses. On the other hand, in the modern periodic table the elements are arranged in the increasing order of atomic numbers which is more fundamental property than atomic mass.
(ii) In the Mendeleev periodic table, the position of the elements was in accordance with atomic mass. In the modern periodic table the position of the elements is governed by electronic configurations, which determine their properties.
(iii) In Mendeleev periodic table, the position of isotopes was not justified. In Modern periodic table, the classification is based on the atomic number and not atomic mass and hence the position of isotopes is fully justified.
(iv) Mendeleev periodic table had some anomalies on the basis of atomic mass. In modern periodic law, there are no misfits in terms of atomic number. For example, in Mendeleev's periodic table, potassium was having position lower than argon. But in Modern periodic table, this has been solved. Argon precedes potassium because argon has atomic number 18 and potassium has 19.
(v) The Mendeleev periodic table does not explain satisfactorily as to why the properties of the elements are repeated at regular intervals of 2, 8, 18 and 32. The modern periodic table explains this logically.
(vi) There is no clear cut separation of different types of elements in the Mendeleev's periodic table. In modern periodic table there is clear cut separation of different types of elements such as representative elements, noble gases, transition elements.
(vii) Mendeleev periodic table is not easy to remember. Modern periodic table is easy to remember.<|endoftext|>The Special Collections Research Center acquires, cares for, interprets, and promotes the use of important collections of unique, rare, primary source, and other material in all formats and in a variety of subject areas, and is responsible for the majority of the U-M Library's Special Collections collection areas.
The Special Collections Children's Literature collection includes approximately 30,000 published volumes complemented by several archival and manuscript collections containing the artwork, correspondence, drafts, and other material created by a number of notable authors and illustrators. The collection is noted for pop-up and movable books, Newbery and Caldecott medal winners, works by Michigan authors and illustrators, and a great many limited and finely-bound editions illustrated by Arthur Rackham. The circulating Children's Literature collection supports University curriculum.
The political upheavals of 17th-century Europe are well documented in significant collections of political and other pamphlets from England, France, and the Netherlands. The Special Collections Research Center is also home to hundreds of pre-1800 books on European military history as well as thousand of pamphlets from the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
History of Astronomy
The History of Astronomy collection documents the early history of the field in hundreds of pre-1800 publications including works by Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) and Johannes Kepler (1571-1630). Also included are the big four star atlases produced during Europe’s “Golden Age” of celestial cartography: Johann Bayer’s Uranometria (1603), Johannes Hevelius’ Firmamentum Sobiescianum sive Uranographia (1690), John Flamsteed’s Atlas Coelestis (1729), and Johann Elert Bode’s Uranographia (1801). The highlight of the collection, and one of the treasures of the Library, is a manuscript in Galileo’s own hand that illustrates his discovery, sometime between 1609 and 1610, of the four moons of Jupiter.
History of Medicine
Consisting of approximately 8,500 works of historical and scholarly significance, the History of Medicine collection includes 52 magical amulets dating from 100-500 CE; medical “fugitive sheets” — the Renaissance version of a pop-up book, which allowed for the study of different layers of the body; early editions of medical classics, including several extremely rare early editions of the works of Galen in the original Greek, a first edition (1543) of Andreas Vesalius’ De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem, and a first edition (1628) of William Harvey’s Exercitatio anatomica de motv cordis et sangvinis in animalibvs; and one of the world’s most comprehensive collections on the history and development of homeopathy.
The Islamic Manuscripts collection consists of 1,095 volumes and a small number of single leaves dating from the 8th to the 20th century CE and carrying roughly 1,795 texts chiefly in Arabic, Persian, and Ottoman Turkish. The collection offers a vast range of material for philologists and historians of various disciplines, including Islamic social history, knowledge transmission and acquisition, manuscript production and ownership, and the arts of the book, and it ranks among the largest and most significant such collections in North America. The subjects covered by the manuscripts include the Qur’an (texts and commentaries); commentaries and other works of criticism; Islamic traditions, theology, and jurisprudence; and philology, philosophy, geography, history, mathematics, astronomy, and astrology.
Janice Bluestein Longone Culinary Archive
Established in 2005, the Janice Bluestein Longone Culinary Archive is widely recognized as a premier collection that both documents and defines the American culinary experience. Shaped by a rich assemblage gathered over many years by Janice Bluestein Longone and Daniel T. Longone, the collection features the first American cookbook (published in 1796), the earliest and only extant copy of an African-American authored cookbook (published in 1866), charity cookbooks from all fifty states, and a diverse assortment of restaurant menus and food-related advertising ephemera.
Jewish Heritage Collection
The Jewish Heritage Collection, a gift made jointly to the Frankel Center for Judaic Studies and the University Library, paints a vivid, lasting, and unique portrait of the Jewish experience. In addition to more than 1,500 books, the collection consists of about 1,000 works of art, 700 pieces of ephemera, and 200 objects.
About the image: Afikomen bag with an image of family at Seder printed on front from the Jewish Heritage Collection Digital Archive
Jewish Heritage Collection Digital Archive
Joseph A. Labadie Collection
The Joseph A. Labadie Collection, one of the oldest, largest, and most comprehensive collections of its kind in the United States, was named for Detroit labor organizer and anarchist Jo (Joseph Antoine) Labadie (1850-1933), who donated his collection of books, pamphlets, newspapers, magazines, and memorabilia to the University of Michigan in 1911.The collection includes material documenting the history of anarchism, anti-colonialist movements, anti-war and pacifist movements, atheism and free thought, civil liberties and civil rights, labor and workers’ rights, LGBTQ movements, prisons and prisoners, the New Left, the Spanish Civil War, and youth and student protest.
The University Library's Literature collection includes an impressive array of literary first editions, one of the world’s best collections of editions, translations, adaptations, and spin-offs of Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver’s Travels, manuscripts by Algernon Swinburne and Anthony Trollope, hundreds of feet of material related to the University of Michigan's renowned Hopwood Awards program, the papers of authors and poets including Victor Bockris, Nicholas Delbanco, Judith Guest, Marge Piercy, Anne Waldman, and Nancy Willard, and the records of small publishers including The Alternative Press, Broadside Press, and Hanuman Books.
Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts
The University Library Manuscript collection from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance consists of over 250 volumes largely devoted to religious topics as well as single leaves, some of them of extraordinary historical relevance such as the collection of 20 parchment leaves containing works of the Coptic writer Shenoute of Atripe. Together these illustrate the art and craft of manuscript production in several parts of Europe and the Mediterranean region.
About the image: White Monastery Codex BZ 233/234 from the Shenute, a White Monastery Codex Digital Collection
The University of Michigan Library is home to the largest collection of ancient papyri in North America. The documents in the Papyrology Collection, which span roughly 2,000 years, contain not only important religious texts — including 60 pages of the oldest known copy of the Epistles of Paul — but also personal letters, school primers, sales contracts and other records that paint a unique portrait of everyday life.
About the image: P.Mich.inv. 620; Recto. Image digitally reproduced with the permission of the Papyrology Collection, Graduate Library, University of Michigan
In 1914, Dean Conant Worcester (1866-1924) donated his extensive assemblage of material related to Philippine history to the University of Michigan, where he had served as assistant professor of zoology and curator of the Zoological Museum. The collection now consists of published works, manuscript items, and photographs documenting many aspects of Philippine history, with particular emphasis on the period between 1899 and 1913.
The Worcester Philippine History Collection | Philippine History Photographs Digital Collection | The United States and its Territories, 1870-1925: The Age of Imperialism Digital Collection
Screen Arts Mavericks & Makers
With the acquisition of a significant collection of materials documenting the creative activities of Orson Welles during the last two decades of his life, the University of Michigan Library embarked on a collecting adventure that now distinguishes it as a major destination for research on maverick American filmmakers. Complementing a rich and extensive body of Welles material in Screen Arts Mavericks & Makers are the papers of several notable independent filmmakers including Robert Altman, Ira Deutchman, Alan Rudolph, Nancy Savoca, and John Sayles.
About the image: Orson Welles on the set of Citizen Kane
The Transportation History Collection provides in-depth coverage of various modes of transportation and the infrastructure that supports them. These include automobiles, balloons and dirigibles, bicycles, bridges, canals, carriages, railroads and rolling stock, and roads and highways. The collection contains over 70,000 items, including pamphlets, monographs, serials, prints, photographs, manuscripts, brochures, timetables, maps, and guidebooks.
Visit the Railroads Digital Collection | Visit the Lincoln Highway Digital Image Collection<|endoftext|>Ipswich Female Seminary
in Ipswich, Massachusetts
was founded in 1828 by Zilpah P. Grant Banister
, making it one of the first major educational institutions for women
in the United States. According to the United States Department of Education
- A powerful proponent of women’s higher education during the first part of the 19th century was Mary Lyon, the founder of Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts. Educated at a female academy in Byfield, Massachusetts, Lyon was befriended there by a teacher several years her elder, Zilpah Grant. Together, the two proceeded to found Ipswich Female Seminary in Massachusetts, where standards of personal conduct and discipline were emphasized, along with a rigorous curriculum. The seminary was distinguished by teachers’ emphasis not only on comprehension, but on questioning and analysis.
Mary Lyon left as the principal in 1834. The Seminary was discontinued in 1878.<|endoftext|>Bir SVN çalışma kopyasında bir yapışkan derinlik ayarı kullanmanın davranışı hakkında açık belgeler bulmakta zorlanıyorum. "Revizyona Güncelleme" iletişim kutusunu kullanırken SVN'de bir "Derinlik yapışkanlı yap" onay kutusu vardır.
Derinlik yapışkan ve yapışkan olmayan arasında etkili farklılıklar nelerdir?
Derinlik yapışkan olduğunda, her güncellediğinizde aynı ayarlarla güncellenirsiniz. Derinlik yapışkan
|
5 | 0 | 2 |
-it notes and letting your child practice ordering it correctly, or download our printable phone number puzzle.
Non-fatal falls, being struck by an object, and animal bites are some of the most common injuries children less than 5 years old suffer nationwide. Most accidents are preventable. Teach your child to avoid heights, to play safely, and to stay away from strange animals – even a friend’s pet dog.
Unfortunately, not every injury children suffer are accidents. Annually, Utah ranks among the top 10 states in instances of child sexual abuse. A knowledgeable parent is one of a preschooler’s best defenses against sexual abuse. Arm yourself with facts, such as this list of Myths about Child Sexual Abuse from the National Children’s Advocacy Center.
According to the CDC, the leading cause of death for preschool-age children nationwide is drowning. Ensure that your child knows how to swim, but also be aware of the dangers bodies of water and containers pose. A five-gallon bucket with just a small amount of water poses a deadly drowning risk to toddlers and many drowning accidents occur when children accidentally fall off docks or other waterside structures.
Consider taking a CPR class from an organization such as the Utah chapter of the American Red Cross. The life-saving techniques you will learn could mean all the difference when every second counts.
Every parent teaches their child not to play in the road. But did you know most of the vehicle-pedestrian fatalities among Utah children less than 4 years old occur in driveways? Worst of all, the driver is typically a parent. Be sure your child understands the dangers parked cars represent and try to make a habit out of walking around your vehicle before you get in and start the engine.
Another all-too-common cause of injury to young children is vehicular accidents. Use a booster seat until your child is 4 feet 9 inches tall and weighs more than 80 pounds. Be certain anyone who is driving your child does the same.
Teach your child to stay in place if you become separated in public, and to call out your real name (not just “Mom” or “Dad”) so you don’t mistake the calls as coming from another child. Kids should know that, if they are lost and calling for a parent does not work, it is okay to ask for help.
Help them learn to choose people who are likely trustworthy, specifically a mom who has kids with her. A police officer or store clerk is another safe bet, but preschoolers often have trouble distinguishing uniforms from other types of clothing. Among the non-uniformed public, another mother is more likely to remain with your child until the two of you are reunited, as males often fear the stigma of being misconstrued as a predator.
Though child abduction is thankfully a rare occurrence, you should teach your preschooler to avoid accepting things without your permission so that they instinctively avoid approaching strangers.
Most school policies require identification for anyone else to pick up your child, but these policies are imperfectly enforced. It is a better idea to discuss pickup arrangements with your child in advance and to teach your child that you would never send a stranger to pick them up.
In the vast majority of non-acquaintance abduction cases, children are first approached within one quarter mile from home. When kindergartners know that they are not allowed to go anywhere without permission, they are more likely to seek out a parent if approached. While simply wandering off is far more common in children with disabilities, it’s still a common cause of preschoolers getting lost. Your vigilance is your child’s best defense, but teaching a preschooler to remain within a confined area and to always check in is a good, safe practice.
Each of us has a voice inside our head that tells us when things are not right or when something might get us hurt. Teaching kids entering school to trust their intuition will put them on a path to keeping themselves safe. Most parents want their children to be polite, especially to adults. Unfortunately, predators are aware of this fact and will use it to their advantage. Making sure that your preschooler understands the difference between proper and improper requests takes time, patience, and repetition.
In an emergency, the ability to stay calm and get help can save valuable time. Be sure your child knows how to use your cell phone to dial 911 and what constitutes a 911-level emergency. Teach them to effectively communicate the situation to the dispatcher by role-playing.
Landlines give Caller ID information that tells authorities where the call is coming from, but, when a call is made from a cell phone, emergency services receive no such information. Practicing how to recite their address or describe their surrounding can help normalize a traumatic so that communicating effectively becomes second nature.
Healthy children fear consequences from their parents for behaving badly. This fear is the result of consistent and patient parenting, but instilling it can have unintended consequences as well. Sometimes, children fear angering or disappointed their parents to such an extent that they can be manipulated. Teach your child that no one has the right to request that they keep a secret from mom and dad. Of course, things like surprise parties and presents are different, but toddlers and preschoolers may have trouble distinguishing between good and bad secrets. As their cognitive abilities develop, kids can learn to keep safe, happy secrets. Even then, teaching them that there is nothing that they cannot tell their parents will help them make sense of these complicated situations.
Of course, no list of this type can ever be complete. As the world is evolving and changing at an ever more rapid pace, new dangers arise for children of all ages. Therefore, keeping up with new child-safety information is one of the more pressing responsibilities of parenting in modern times.
For more safety tips for your preschooler or kindergartner:<|endoftext|>I depositari del potere esecutivo non sono i padroni del popolo, bensì i suoi funzionari...; esso può nominarli o destituirli quando gli piaccia.
Citazioni simili
Non abbiamo l'intenzione né la minima velleità di imporre al nostro popolo oppure a qualunque altro popolo, un qualsiasi ideale di organizzazione sociale tratto dai libri o inventato da noi stessi ma, persuasi che le masse popolari portano in se stesse, negli istinti più o meno sviluppati della loro storia, nelle loro necessità quotidiane e nelle loro aspirazioni coscienti o inconsce, tutti gli elementi della loro futura organizzazione naturale, noi cerchiamo questo ideale nel popolo stesso; e siccome ogni potere di Stato, ogni governo, per la sua medesima essenza e per la sua posizione fuori del popolo o sopra di esso, deve necessariamente mirare a subordinarlo a una organizzazione e a fini che gli sono estranei noi ci dichiariamo nemici di ogni governo, di ogni potere di Stato, nemici di una organizzazione di Stato in generale e siamo convinti che il popolo potrà essere felice e libero solo quando organizzandosi dal basso in alto per mezzo di organizzazioni indipendenti assolutamente libere e al di fuori di ogni tutela ufficiale, ma non fuori delle influenze diverse e ugualmente libere di uomini e di partiti, creerà esso stesso la propria vita.
La guerra è sempre il principale desiderio di un governo potente, che vuole divenire ancor più potente. Non ho bisogno di dirvi che è proprio durante la guerra che... il governo copre con un velo impenetrabile i suoi latrocini e i suoi errori. Vi parlerò invece di ciò che tocca più direttamente i nostri interessi. È proprio durante la guerra che il potere esecutivo dispiega la sua terribile energia ed esercita una specie di dittatura, la quale atterrisce la libertà. È durante la guerra che il popolo dimentica le deliberazioni che riguardano i suoi diritti civili e politici.
Il senso del governo rappresentativo è che tutto il popolo o una numerosa parte di esso eserciti, tramite deputati periodicamente eletti, il potere di controllo ultimo che in ogni costituzione deve trovare il suo soggetto. Deve possedere tale potere nella sua pienezza. Deve essere padrone, a suo piacimento, di tutte le funzioni del governo.
Lo sport ha il potere di cambiare il mondo. Ha il potere di ispirare. Esso ha il potere di unire le persone in un modo che poche altre cose fanno. Parla ai giovani in una lingua che comprendono. Lo sport può portare speranza dove una volta c’era solo disperazione.
Al principio è la morte. Non parlo del principio del cosmo e neppure del principio del caos, bensì del principio della coscienza umana. Si diventa umani quando si sente e si accetta – mai del tutto, però, sempre a metà – la certezza della morte.
Nessuno stato, per quanto democratiche siano le sue forme, foss'anche la repubblica politica più rossa, popolare solo nel suo falso significato noto con il nome di rappresentanza del popolo, sarà mai in grado di dare al popolo quello che vuole, e cioè la libera organizzazione dei suoi interessi dal basso in alto, senza nessuna ingerenza, tutela o violenza dall'alto, perché ogni Stato, anche lo stato pseudo-popolare ideato dal signor Marx, non rappresenta in sostanza nient'altro che il governo della massa dall'alto in basso da parte della minoranza intellettuale, vale a dire quella più privilegiata, la quale pretende di sentire gli interessi ideali del popolo più del popolo stesso.
Innanzitutto l'abolizione della miseria, della povertà, e la completa soddisfazione di tutte le necessità materiali per mezzo del lavoro collettivo, obbligatorio e uguale per tutti; e poi l'abolizione dei padroni e d'ogni specie di autorità, la libera organizzazione della vita, del paese in relazione alle necessità del popolo, non dall'alto in basso secondo l'esempio dello Stato, ma dal basso in alto, curata dal popolo stesso al di fuori di ogni governo e dei parlamenti; la libera unione delle associazioni dei lavoratori della terra e delle fabbriche, dei comuni, delle province, delle nazioni; e infine in un domani non lontano, la fraternità di tutta l'umanità trionfante sulla rovina di tutti gli Stati.
Si può avere potere sulle persone finché non gli si porta via qualcosa. Ma quando si è rubato tutto ad uomo, questi non sarà più soggetto ad alcun potere: sarà libero di nuovo.
Fermare la diffusione del sapere è uno strumento di controllo per il potere perché conoscere è saper leggere, interpretare, verificare di persona e non fidarsi di quello che ti dicono. La conoscenza ti fa dubitare. Soprattutto del potere. Di ogni potere.
Esistono tre forme di governi: il repubblicano, il monarchico e il dispotico; il governo repubblicano è quello nel quale il popolo tutto, o almeno una parte di esso, detiene il potere supremo; il monarchico è quello nel quale uno solo governa, ma secondo leggi fisse e stabilite; nel governo dispotico, invece, uno solo, senza leggi, né freni, trascina tutto o tutti dietro la sua volontà e i suoi capricci.
Non siamo un popolo né di santi né di poeti né di artisti né di navigatori: siamo un popolo di pesci in barile. Il nostro modello non è il Machiavelli del "fine che giustifica i mezzi" ma il Guicciardini del "proprio particulare".
Non cadranno infruttuosi i gravi esempi eredati dagli avi nostri, e quando, al sentore della prima guerra europea, l'Austria chiederà all'Italia i suoi figli, i suoi tesori, gl'Italiani sapranno come meglio adoprarli.
Quando, nonostante i rimproveri incessanti del proprio superiore, la fiducia e l'amore del figlio nei suoi confronti crescono, è perché lo Spirito Santo è venuto a dimorare nella sua anima.
Esso (il regno di Dio) è come un granellino di senapa che, quando viene seminato per terra, è il più piccolo di tutti semi che sono sulla terra; ma appena seminato cresce e diviene più grande di tutti gli ortaggi e fa rami tanto grandi che gli uccelli del cielo possono ripararsi alla sua ombra.
Ci sono, in ciascun stato, tre tipi di potere... Tutto sarebbe perduto se lo stesso uomo o il medesimo corpo di principi, o di nobili, o del popolo, esercitassero questi tre poteri: quello di fare le leggi, quello di eseguire le risoluzioni pubbliche e quello di giudicare i crimini e le controversie dei privati.
La massa degli uomini serve lo Stato in questo modo, non come uomini soprattutto, bensì come macchine, con i propri corpi. Essi formano l'esercito permanente, e la milizia, i secondini, i poliziotti, i posse comitatus ecc. Nella maggior parte dei casi non v'è alcun libero esercizio della facoltà di giudizio o del senso morale; invece si mettono allo stesso livello del legno e della terra e delle pietre, e forse si possono fabbricare uomini di legno che serviranno altrettanto bene allo scopo. Uomini del genere non incutono maggior rispetto che se fossero di paglia o di sterco. Hanno lo stesso tipo di valore dei cavalli e dei cani. Tuttavia persino esseri simili sono comunemente stimati dei buoni cittadini. Altri, come la maggior parte dei legislatori, dei politici, degli avvocati, dei ministri del culto, e dei funzionari statali, servono lo Stato principalmente con le proprie teste; e, dato che raramente fanno delle distinzioni morali, sono pronti a servire nello stesso tempo il diavolo, pur senza volerlo, e Dio.
Teniamo presente che il nostro popolo non è né europeo né nord-americano; anziché un'emanazione dell'Europa, esso è un misto di Africa e di America, perché la Spagna stessa cessa di essere Europa per il suo sangue africano, le sue istituzioni e il suo carattere. È impossibile determinare esattamente a quale famiglia umana apparteniamo. La maggior parte degli indigeni è stata annientata, gli europei si sono mescolati con gli americani e gli africani, e questi con gli indiani e gli europei. Nati tutti dal seno di una stessa Madre, i nostri padri, diversi per origine e per sangue, sono stranieri gli uni agli altri e tutti differiscono visibilmente per il colore della pelle. Tale diversità comporta una conseguenza della massima importanza. I cittadini del Venezuela godono tutti, grazie alla Costituzione, interprete della Natura, di una perfetta eguaglianza politica.
Nella corsa alla ricchezza, agli onori e all'ascesa sociale, ognuno può correre con tutte le proprie forze... per superare tutti gli altri concorrenti. Ma se si facesse strada a gomitate o spingesse per terra uno dei suoi avversari, l'indulgenza degli spettatori avrebbe termine del tutto... La società non può sussistere tra coloro che sono sempre pronti a danneggiarsi e a farsi torto l'un l'altro.
La verità è la nostra padrona, non noi i suoi padroni.
Quando a notte vado sola
Quando a notte vado sola al mio convegno d'amore,
gli uccelli non cantano, il vento non soffia,
le case ai lati della strada sono silenziose.
Sono i miei bracciali che risuonano a ogni passo,
e io sono piena di vergogna.
Quando siedo al balcone e ascolto per sentire
i suoi passi, le foglie non stormiscono sui rami,
e l'acqua del fiume è immobile come la spada
sulle ginocchia d'una sentinella addormentata.
E' il mio cuore che batte selvaggiamente -
e non so come acquietarlo.
Quando il mio amore viene e si siede al mio fianco,
quando il mio corpo trema e le palpebre s'abbassano,
la notte s'oscura, il vento spegne la lampada,
e le nuvole stendono veli sopra le stelle.
E' il gioiello al mio petto che brilla e risplende.
E non so come nasconderlo.<|endoftext|>How Cool Weather & Longer Nights Affect Sleep
Have you ever woken up just minutes before your alarm goes off and marveled at your body’s sense of time? It’s because we have an internal clock that mirrors nature’s cycles of day and night and sunlight which is detected by cells in the retina of the eye sends messages to the brain that keep us in a roughly 24-hour pattern. These light cues trigger all kinds of chemical events in the body, causing changes in our physiology and behavior. For example, as evening approaches and the light in our environment dwindles, the hormone melatonin begins to rise and body temperature falls—both of which help us to become less alert and more likely to welcome sleep. With the help of morning light, melatonin levels are low, body temperature begins to rise, and other chemical shifts, such as an uptick in the activating hormone cortisol, occur to help us feel alert and ready for the day.
During fall and winter, the days become shorter and the nights longer which can easily affect our internal clocks – and is especially true if you find yourself rising before sunrise or not leaving work until it’s dark outside. Temperature also plays an important role in the onset of sleep and circadian rhythms. As your body prepares to get drowsy and sleep, your internal temperature dips slightly and stays lower until a few hours before wakeup time. Research says that cooler ambient air supports the body’s natural deep sleep process so you might find yourself experiencing deeper and longer sleep patterns in the winter months.
If you are like most working adults or students, you are probably finding that you are either exhausted, disoriented or sluggish when your alarm goes off before the sun shines through your bedroom window. An easy solution is to use BEDDI’s wake-up light in conjunction with your alarm clock. Set the white light to slowly illuminate the room over a 20 minute period before your alarm goes off to mimic sunrise. Your body will be tricked that the sun is out and you will have an easier time starting your day and feeling more alert.<|endoftext|>教育教育教育
如果你需要你的专业和维斯顿·福斯特的身份，你会有个好消息，而他们的计划是：
- 协助协助AFFC的批准，AssAC。
- 协助一个独立的联邦调查局。
协助协助AFP的服务
组织可能会成为一个组织组织的组织服务，以换取ADA协议的一部分。这是为了允许学生提供很多教育活动的能力。
在你的公司里，要做两年的公司，每年的时间，每年的17年，就能不能
|
5 | 0 | 3 |
دیگر شروع به استفاده از آنهاکنند؛ برای نوجوانان و بزرگسالان ممکن است به آنچه که دیگران انجام می دهند، نفوذ کنند ).
برای کودکان حداقل 6 علامت از هر دو (یا هر دو) گروه معیارهای ذکر شده برای حداقل 6 ماه تا درجه ای که با سطح پیشرفت ناسازگار باشد و اثرات منفی آن به طور مستقیم بر روی (دخالت یا کاهش کیفیت آن) فعالیت های اجتماعی و علمی / شغلی تاثیر گذارد
برای نوجوانان یا بزرگسالان، حداقل 5 نشانه حداقل 6 ماه که به طور مستقیم بر فعالیت های اجتماعی و تحصیلی / حرفه ای تاثیر گذارد (دخالت یا کاهش کیفیت).
انواع بیش فعالیADHD
سه زیر تیپ ADHD وجود دارد.
نوع ترکیبی:
حداقل 6 علامت از معیارهای 1-بی توجهی و2- بیش فعالی 3-تکانشگری داشته باشد شایعترین نوع از این دسته می باشند
نوع غالبا بی توجه:
حداقل 6 علامت از بی توجهی داشته باشد اما معیارهای بیش فعالی - تکانشی دیده نشود در این نوع فعالیت کودکان فعالیت زیاد ندارند
نوع بیش از حد - تکانشی:
حداقل 6 مورد از بیش فعالی - تکانشگری دیده شود اما معیارهای عدم توجه وجود ندارد
بیشتر بخوانید
اختلالت اضطرابی در کودکان
چگونه عزت نفس کودکان را افزایش دهیم
ترس نوزادان و کودکان از غریبه ها
نشانه های استرس در کودکان
ترس کودکان از تاریکی
چه زمانی باید برای کودکم کتاب بخوانم
کمک به بچه ها برای مقابله با استرس<|endoftext|>صفرهای پول ملی ایران سال ۹۳ حذف میشوند
محمود بهمنی رئیس کل بانک مرکزی ایران گفته که اگر مجلس تا نیمه اول امسال لایحه حذف صفرها از پول ملی را تصویب کند، اول سال ۱۳۹۳ صفرها از پول ملی حذف خواهد شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری دانشجویان ایران، آقای بهمنی گفته که در حال حاضر بانک مرکزی برنامه حذف صفر را به دولت داده و دولت مشغول برسی آن است و پس از آن دولت آن را به مجلس ارائه خواهد داد.
اگر تا پایان شهریور لایحه حذف صفر در مجلس تصویب شود، به گفته آقای بهمنی از اول سال ۱۳۹۳ صفرها حذف می شود و "علت این امر تهمیداتی است که باید برای پول کشور انجام شود که یک پروسه طولانی است."
برنامه حذف چهار صفر از پول ملی و تغییر واحد پولی ملی از مدتها پیش مطرح بوده و از سال گذشته بانک مرکزی و دولت با جدیت طرح حذف چهار صفر از پول ملی را دنبال می کنند.
به دلیل افزایش شدید تورم و کاهش قابل توجه ارزش برابری ریال در برابر پول های خارجی در خلال سی سال گذشته، و به خصوص چند سال اخیر، برای انجام مبادلات به ریال و حتی به تومان، به ارقام بالایی نیاز است که حسابداری و حسابرسی و همچنین حمل و نقل پول را دشوار کرده و به همین دلیل، برخی کارشناسان خواستار آن شده اند که واحد پول ملی افزایش یابد.
در حال حاضر ریال واحد پول ملی ایران به حدی کم ارزش شده که در مبادلات جایی ندارد و جای آن را تومان گرفته است.
رئیس کل بانک مرکزی گفته که "نام واحد پولی تغییر خواهد کرد و بر اساس نظر خواهی که انجام شده و هم چنین نظر مجلس تصمیم نهایی گرفته می شود."
بانک مرکزی ایران از تابستان سال گذشته با راه اندازی یک سایت اینترنتی اقدام به نظر سنجی درباره نام واحد پولی ملی ایران کرده است.
از جمله نام های پیشنهادی که در این وب سایت از سوی بانک مرکزی پیشنهاد شده، نور، دریک و تومان است. دریک واحد پولی امپراتوری هخامنشی بوده است.
گزارش تازه ای از نظرسنجی بانک مرکزی منتشر نشده است اما در دوره هایی "پارسی" و "دریک" انتخاب اول ایرانی ها برای واحد پول ملی به جای ریال بودند.<|endoftext|>Amerikan Tıp Koleksiyonları Ajansı'ndan (AMCA) 7,7 milyon tıbbi hasta daha etkilenmiş olabilir. Veri ihlali, bu haftanın başlarında ortaya çıkan ve kişisel verileri olan 11,9 milyon Quest Diagnostics istemcisine katıldı. dır-dir zaten tehlikeye atıldığı düşünülüyordu.
Kuzey Carolina merkezli Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, diğer adıyla LabCorp a Menkul Kıymetler ve Borsa Komisyonu dosyalama dün (4 Haziran) "yaklaşık 7,7 milyon" müşterisinin "AMCA'nın web ödeme sayfasındaki yetkisiz faaliyetten" etkilenmiş olabileceği.
LabCorp'un SEC dosyalamasına göre "ele geçirilen kişisel veriler" ad ve soyad, doğum tarihi, adres, telefon "ve" kredi kartı veya banka hesabı bilgilerini "içerebilir. Veriler içermiyor gibi görünüyor Sosyal Güvenlik numaraları, LabCorp müşterilerini Quest'in müşterilerinden biraz daha düşük kimlik hırsızlığı riskiyle karşı karşıya bırakıyor.
Dosyalama, AMCA'nın kendisinin sadece 200.000 LabCorp müşterisinin doğrudan etkilendiğini düşündüğünü söylüyor. AMCA onları bilgilendiriyor ve teklif edecek "kimlik koruma ve kredi izleme hizmetleri 24 aydır. "
Ne yapalım
Kişisel bilgilerinizin veya kredi kartı bilgilerinizin AMCA'da tehlikeye atıldığına dair bir bildirim alırsanız ihlal durumunda, geçen yılki kredi kartı ekstrelerinizi gözden geçirin ve herhangi bir konuda kartınızı veren kuruluşla hemen iletişime geçin. tutarsızlıklar. AMCA'nın sistemlerine yetkisiz erişim, görünüşe göre Ağustos'ta başladı. 1, 2018 ve 30 Mart 2019 tarihine kadar devam etti.
Kullanım yearcreditreport.com en az bir güncel kredi raporu almak için, raporu gözden geçirin ve olağandışı bir durum varsa ilgili taraflarla iletişime geçin. Eğer alırsanız, AMCA'yı kimlik koruma hizmeti teklifine dahil edin.
DAHA: Bir Veri İhlaline Uğrarsanız Ne Yapmalısınız?
Ne yazık ki LabCorp, etkilenen müşterilerinin kim olduğunu hâlâ bilmiyor, çünkü "AMCA henüz LabCorp'a etkilenen LabCorp tüketicilerinin bir listesini veya onlar hakkında daha spesifik bilgi sağlamadı."
Quest gibi LabCorp, geniş bir klinik test laboratuarları ağını yönetmektedir. LabCorp web sitesi geçen yıl 11,3 milyar dolar gelir elde ettiğini ve dünya çapında yaklaşık 61.000 kişiyi istihdam ettiğini belirtiyor.
SEC dosyalama, "LabCorp'un AMCA'ya sipariş edilen hiçbir test, laboratuvar sonucu veya teşhis bilgisi sağlamadığını" belirtir, bu nedenle gerçek tıbbi kayıtlar ve raporlar bu ihlalin bir parçası değildir.
Henüz düşecek daha fazla ayakkabı
Bunun AMCA ihlali hakkında son duyuşumuz olmadığından şüpheleniyoruz. AMCA, tıbbi faturalarını ödemeyen kişilerden gecikmiş ödemeleri tahsil etme konusunda uzmanlaşmıştır ve AMCA web sitesi müşterilerinin "hastaneler", "doktor grupları" ve "üçüncü taraf sağlayıcılar" ile klinik laboratuvarları içerdiğini söylüyor. Tıp endüstrisinde müşterilerinin etkilendiğini söyleyen daha birçok şirket olabilir.
Ayrıca, AMCA tıbbi alanla sınırlı değildir. Bağımsız güvenlik muhabiri Brian Krebs LabCorp ifşasıyla ilgili bir blog yazısında AMCA'nın ayrıca Retrieval Master Creditors Bureau olarak da iş yaptığını belirtti. Bazılarını ortaya çıkardı Tüketici Mali Koruma Bürosu ve Better Business Bureau Retrieval Masters'ın Kuzeydoğu ABD'de E-Z Pass karayolu geçiş ücreti tahsilatı hizmeti için fatura tahsilat yaptığını gösteren şikayetler
Biraz Googling, bir çevrimiçi şikayetlerin çoğu Retrieval Masters'ın aslında borcu olmadığını söyleyen insanlardan para toplamaya çalıştığını, ancak ayrıca şirket, restoranlar ve dergi abonelikleri için fatura tahsilatlarını şu şekilde yapabilir: iyi.
En İyi Kimlik Koruma Hizmetleri
IdentityForce UltraSecure + Kredi
Anla. IdentityForce UltraSecure + Credit, hem kredi izleme hem de kimlik koruması için en iyi genel hizmettir. Ayrıca hesabınızı iki faktörlü kimlik doğrulama ile korur.
LifeLock Ultimate Plus
Buna değer. Kimliğinizin çalınmasından çok endişeleniyorsanız ve ayrıca bir antivirüs yazılımına ihtiyacınız varsa LifeLock Ultimate Plus'ı edinin. Ancak IdentityForce UltraSecure + Credit ile daha az ödeyerek daha iyi kredi izleme elde edebilirsiniz.
Identity Guard Platinum
Güzel, ama en iyisi değil. Identity Guard fena değil, ancak yaklaşık aynı fiyata, IdentityForce UltraSecure + Credit daha kapsamlı kişisel veriler ve kredi dosyası izleme sunuyor.
Flaş haberlere, en yeni incelemelere, harika fırsatlara ve faydalı ipuçlarına anında erişin.
Tom's Guide'a kaydolduğunuz için teşekkür ederiz. Kısa süre içinde bir doğrulama e-postası alacaksınız.
Bir problem vardı. Lütfen sayfayı yenileyin ve tekrar deneyin.<|endoftext|>Content Only Available to Members
Write a sentence for each of these Groundhog Day spelling words. This printout about writing sentences is for early readers.
For the Student:
For each of the following Groundhog Day words, write a sentence that contains that word.
see, shadow, weather, good, bad, storm, cloud, snow, rain, wind<|endoftext|>Environment and Conservation
August 14, 2014
Responsible Investments in Sustainable Resource Management
Provincial Government Provides Update on George River Caribou Herd
The Provincial Government’s latest survey of the George River caribou herd, conducted in July 2014, has resulted in confirmation that the herd continues to decline significantly.
“As a government we know this herd is of critical importance to the people of Labrador and we have made significant investments into enhanced management, increased biological monitoring and improved collaboration with the Province of Quebec. Even with the implementation of a five-year moratorium on all hunting, and infusions of funding for monitoring and research, the herd continues to struggle.”
- The Honourable Vaughn Granter, Minister of Environment and Conservation
Biologists with the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador, and Quebec conducted a photo census in July 2014 documenting 14,200 animals – down from 27,600 in 2012. Investigations continue to focus on causes of high adult mortalities and the low number of caribou surviving beyond six months of age. Both provinces have initiated discussions on the development of a joint management plan in collaboration with all resource users including Aboriginal governments and organizations.
In 2011, the Provincial Government announced a three-year, $1.9 million Labrador Caribou Initiative aimed at data collection in an effort to better understand the factors affecting the herd’s decline.
Budget 2014: Shared Prosperity, Fair Society, Balanced Outlook provides $975,000 over three years to fund a scientific monitoring and research program for the George River caribou herd.
- The Provincial Government’s latest research shows the George River caribou herd has declined significantly despite research and investments. Once the largest caribou herd in the world, numbers have dropped by approximately 98 per cent in the past 20 years.
- While migratory caribou populations are known to cycle and fluctuate naturally over periods of 40 to 70 years, tracking of GPS-collared caribou suggest high annual adult mortality levels are contributing to the decline of the population.
- A caribou classification survey documenting the ratio of females, males and calves in the herd was conducted in October 2013 and showed less than 6.8 per cent calves in the population.
- For a caribou population to grow or remain stable, 15 per cent of calves need to be recruited into the population and survive at least until their first fall.
- 30 -
Director of Communications
Department of Environment and Conservation
2014 08 14 2:15 p.m.<|endoftext|>My son’s taking a business statistics course in college and recently asked me about this Bayes’s rule stuff that’s complicating his life.
Bayes’s rule has to do with the conditional probability of an event B given the occurrence of another event A. In mathematical terms, this conditional probability, P(B|A), is equal to P(B)*P(A|B)/P(A). Students in introductory statistics courses are often given exercises whose solutions require interpretation/application of this Bayesian algebra. The correct results are often counterintuitive.
Bayes’s rule becomes more interesting – and controversial – when applied to learning associated with scientific or research questions. There, events A and B become H (hypotheses) and E (evidence), respectively, so P(H|E) = P(H)*P(E|H)/P(E), or, in Bayesian words, the posterior probability = prior probability*likelihood /normalizing constant. In plainer English, this “diachronic” P(H|E) version of Bayes’s rule shows how learning occurs – how posterior probabilities are modified by new information.
According to The Economist: “The essence of the Bayesian approach is to provide a mathematical rule explaining how you should change your existing beliefs in the light of new evidence. In other words, it allows scientists to combine new data with their existing knowledge or expertise.” Nobel Laureate, Daniel Kahneman, author of “Thinking Fast and Slow,” only wishes humans were effective Bayesian thinkers. His experiments show how we often mishandle “priors” or base rates in our calculation of posteriors.
It hasn’t been a smooth ride for Bayesian analyses in the 250 years since the theorem was first published. For much of the 1900s especially, Bayesian statistics was rejected as too subjective by mainstream “frequentists” – progenitors of the statistical paradigm dominant today. Indeed, Bayes’s rule was essentially non grata when I was in grad school 30 years ago.
What’s the big disagreement? “The Bayesian and frequentist approaches differ fundamentally in their characterizations of probability. Frequentists see probability as the objectively measured, relative frequency of an outcome over a large number of trials. Bayesians, in contrast, view probability as a more subjective concept tied to an individual’s judgment of the likelihood of an outcome. For frequentists, the uncertainty surrounding probability is in the events; for Bayesians, the uncertainty has to do with interpretation by observers.”
Today, much to the benefit of business learning, Bayesian statistics is enjoying a re-vitalization in the statistical, science and research worlds, its continuous learning model well-suited to many analytics problems.
Alas, there’s a significant divide between the basic Bayesian concepts and real-world Bayesian methods: understanding the algebra and psychology of Bayes’s rule is one thing; implementing rigorous Bayesian models is quite another. Transition from the concepts to topics such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, hierarchical models, and Bayesian inference Using Gibbs Sampling (BUGS), is anything but straightforward. Bayesian analysis seems to go from simple to complex with no intermediate steps.
Computer scientist and statistician Allen Downey, author of the brief but excellent O’Reilly book “Think Stats,” and a wonderful complementary two and a half hour YouTube lecture Bayesian statistics made (as) simple (as possible), to the rescue. Both the book and video provide “an introduction to Bayesian statistics using Python.” Students who work through the material will learn a good deal about both statistics and programming.
I love this approach. “The thesis of this book is that if you know how to program, you can use that skill to help you understand probability and statistics. These topics are often presented from a mathematical perspective, and that approach works well for some people. But some important ideas in this area are hard to work with mathematically and relatively easy to approach computationally.” More the “computationist” than mathematician, this idiom works especially well for me.
The video especially provides the intermediate detail for Bayesian computation that I’ve had trouble finding over the years, working through examples a step at a time to demonstrate how p(H|E) is continually updated given the accumulating evidence. And Downey deploys Python code to showcase the concepts. Attentive students thus see the entire process from beginning algebra to final computation. Good stuff.
After the Think Stats read, the Bayesian YouTube video, and the O’Reilly, Python for Data Analysis Webcast, I have renewed excitement for Python as a platform for statistics and data analysis. I’ll have more to say on the topic in coming blogs.
Register or login for access to this item and much more
All Information Management content is archived after seven days.
Community members receive:
- All recent and archived articles
- Conference offers and updates
- A full menu of enewsletter options
- Web seminars, white papers, ebooks
Already have an account? Log In
Don't have an account? Register for Free Unlimited Access<|endoftext|>معاون وزیر ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات گفت: ترافیک مرسولات در مناطق محتلف کشور از طریق بازار الکترونیک پست باید توسعه یابد تا ارسال محصولات بومی و صنایع دستی تولیدکنندهها هم تسهیل شود.
رئیس هیئت مدیره شرکت ملی پست در گفتگو با خبرنگار خبرگزاری موج با اشاره به اینکه در حال حاضر دنیا به سمت فناوری رفته و باید متناسب با آن در تمام بخش ها تغییرات ایجاد کرد، گفت: در حال حاضر پست باید از طریق مکانیزه کردن فرایندها برای افزایش شمار مرسولات پستی، بهبود سیستم شبکه مجازی و الکترونیک پست و همچنین تکمیل پروژه جینف بازارهای جدید را شناسایی و بخش بندی کند تا فرصتهای جدید خدمترسانی به شهروندان فراهم شود و اگر تحقق یابد می تواند در شبکه پستی رونق ایجاد کند.
رمضانعلی سبحانیفر با بیان اینکه با شناسایی بازارهای جدید می توان سرانه مرسولات را افزایش داد، افزود: با توجه به اینکه سرانه مرسولات به ازاء جمعیت درسنجه های ارزیابی مغفول مانده باید میزان درآمد و ترافیک مرسولات پستی افزایش یابد. به همین دلیل برنامه هاب پستی در چند منطقه از جمله منطقه ویژه اقتصادی و فرودگاه بین المللی پیام، استان البرز ایجاد کنیم.
مدیر عامل شرکت ملی پست ایران با تاکید بر اینکه ایجاد چند هاب پستی جدید در فرایند ارسال مرسولات پستی و ارائه خدمات تسهیل ایجاد می کند، اظهار کرد: برای دستیابی به این هدف در حال حاضر مطالعات گسترده ای برای ایجاد هاب های پستی در حال انجام است تا در گام نخست شبکه پستی کشور رونق بیشتری بگیرد، در واقع با راه اندازی هاب و انتقال مرکز تجزیه و مبادلات از طریق بارانداز
|
5 | 1 | 0 |
使语之，璋不从。
三月，赵季良与诸将议遣昭武都监澳门高彦俦将兵攻取壁州，以绝山南兵转入山后诸州者；孟知祥谋于僚佐，李昊曰：“朝廷遣苏愿等西归，未尝报谢，今遣兵侵轶，公若不顾坟墓、甥妷，则不若传檄举兵直取梁、洋，安用壁州乎！”知祥乃止。季良由是恶昊。
甲戌，初令国子监校定《九经》，雕印卖之。
药彦稠等奏破党项十九族，俘二千七百人。 赐高从诲爵勃海王。
吴徐知诰作礼贤院于府舍，聚图书，延士医务卫生人士，与孙晟及海陵陈觉谈议时事。
孟知祥三遣使说董璋，以主上加礼于两川，苟不奉表谢罪，恐复致讨；璋不从。十一月，丁卯，遣李昊诣梓州，极论利害，璋见昊，诟怒，不许。昊还，言于知祥曰：“璋不通谋议，且有窥西川之志，公宜备之。”
丁巳，闽王延钧复位。
吴越武肃王钱镠疾，谓将吏曰：“吾疾必不起，齐桓公皆愚懦，什么人可为帅者？”众泣曰：“两镇令公仁孝有功，孰不拥护！”镠乃悉出印钥授传瓘，曰：“将吏推尔，宜善守之。”又曰：“子孙善事中中原人民共和国，勿以易姓废事大之礼。”辛巳卒，年八十一。传瓘与男人同幄行丧，内牙指挥使击仁章曰：“令公嗣先王霸业，将吏旦幕趋谒，当与诸公子异处。”乃命主者更设一幄，扶传瓘居之，告将吏曰：“自今惟谒令公，禁诸公子从者无得妄入。”昼夜警卫，未尝休息。镠末年左右皆附传瓘，独仁章数以事犯之。至是，传瓘劳之，仁章曰：“先王在位，仁章不知事令公，明天尽节，犹事先王也。”传瓘嘉叹久之。传瓘既袭位，更名元瓘，兄弟名“传”者皆更为“元”。以遗命去国仪，用籓镇法；除民田荒绝者租税。命处州参知政事曹仲达权知政事。置择能院，掌选举殿最，以湘西营田副使沈崧领之。内牙指挥使富阳刘仁巳及陆仁章久事，仁章性刚，仁巳好毁短人，皆为众所恶。五日，诸将共诣府门请诛之；元瓘使从子仁俊谕之曰：“二将事先王久，吾方图其功，汝曹乃欲逞私憾而杀之，可乎，吾为汝王，汝当禀吾命；不然，吾金当归幽州以避贤路！”众惧而退。乃以仁章为通化都尉，仁巳为信阳知府。中外有上书告讦者，元瓘皆置不问，由是将吏辑睦。
初，契丹舍利荝剌与惕隐皆为赵德钧所擒，契丹屡遣使请之。上谋于群臣，德钧等皆曰：“契丹所以数年不犯边，数求和者，以此辈在南故也，纵之则边患复生。”上以问雍州上大夫杨檀，对曰：“荝剌，契丹之骁将，曏助王都谋危社稷，幸好擒之，始祖免其死，为赐已多。契丹失之如丧手足。彼在宫廷数年，知中华夏族民共和国背景，若得归，为患必深，彼才出塞，则南向发矢矣，恐悔之无及。”上乃止。檀，沙陀人也。
上欲授李赞华以黑龙江籓镇，群臣都以为不可，上曰：“吾与其父约为昆弟，故赞华归本人。吾老矣，后世继体之君，虽欲招之，其可致乎！”夏，7月，壬午，以赞OPPO义成经略使，为选朝士为属下辅之。赞华但优游自奉，不豫政事；上嘉之，虽时有不法亦不问，以庄宗后宫夏氏妻之。赞华好饮人血，姬妾多刺臂以吮之；婢仆小过，或抉目，或刀刲火灼；夏氏不忍其残，奏离婚为尼。
戊申，加宋王从厚兼中书令。
东川少保董璋会诸将谋袭天津，皆曰必克；前陵州巡抚王晖曰：“剑南万里，圣Juan为大，时方深秋，师出无名，必无成功。”璋不从。孟知祥闻之，遣马军都指挥使潘仁嗣将两千人诣汉州诇之。璋入境，破白湖南镇镇，执戍将武弘礼，声势甚盛，知祥忧之。赵季良曰：“璋为人勇而无恩，士卒不附，城守则难克，野战则成擒矣。今可是巢穴，公之利也。璋用兵精锐皆在前锋，公宜以赢兵诱之，以劲兵待之，始虽小衄，后必大捷。璋素有威望，今举兵暴至，人心危惧。公当自出御之，以强众心。”赵廷隐以季良言为然，曰：“璋轻而无谋，举兵必败，当为公擒之。”乙亥，以廷隐为行营马步军都布置，将贰仟0人拒之。
5月，辛亥朔，廷隐入辞。董璋檄书至，又有遗季良、廷隐及李肇书，诬之云，季良、廷隐与己通谋，召己令来。知祥以书授廷隐，廷隐不视，投之于地，曰：“可是为反间，欲令公杀副使与廷隐耳。”再拜而行。知祥曰：“事必济矣。”肇素不知书，视之，曰：“璋教笔者反耳。”囚其使者，然亦拥众为自全计。璋兵至汉州，潘仁嗣与战于赤水，大败，为璋所擒，璋遂克汉州。戊申，知祥留赵季良、高敬柔守圣多明各，自将兵九千趣汉州，至弥牟镇，赵廷隐陈于镇北。戊午，迟明，廷隐陈于鸡踪桥，义胜定元都知兵马使张公鐸陈于其后。俄而璋望西川兵盛，退陈于武侯庙下，璋帐下骁卒大噪曰：“日中曝自身辈何为，何不速战！”璋乃上马。前锋始交，东川右厢马步都指挥使张守进降于知祥，言“璋兵尽此，无复后继，当急击之。”知祥登高冢督战，左明义指挥使毛重威、左冲山指挥使李瑭守鸡踪桥，皆为东川兵所杀。赵廷隐三战不利，牙内都指挥副使侯弘实兵亦却，知祥惧，以马棰指后陈。张公鐸帅众大呼而进，东川兵大胜，死者数千人，擒东川中都指挥使元璝、牙内副指挥使董光演等八十馀人。璋拊膺曰：“亲兵皆尽，吾何依乎！”与数骑遁去，馀众九千人降，复得潘仁嗣。知祥引兵追璋至五侯津，东川马步都指挥使元瑰降。西川兵入汉州府第，求璋不得，士卒争璋军资，故璋走得免。赵廷隐追至赤水，又降其卒三千人。是夕，知祥宿雒县，命李昊草榜谕东川吏民，及大篆劳问璋，且言将如梓州询负约之由，请见伐之罪。戊戌，知祥会廷隐于赤水，遂西还，命廷隐将兵攻梓州。璋至梓州，肩舆而入，王晖迎问曰：“县令全军出征，今还者无10位，何也？”璋涕泣无法对。至府第，方食，晖与璋从子牙内都虞侯延浩帅兵三百大嗓而入。璋引老婆登城，子光嗣自杀。璋至西门楼，呼指挥使潘稠使讨乱兵，稠引十卒登城，斩璋首，乃取光嗣首以授王晖，晖举城迎降。赵廷隐入梓州，封府库以待知祥。李肇闻璋败，始斩其使以闻。辛丑，知祥入圣胡安，甲午，复将兵7000如梓州，至新都。赵廷隐献董璋首。壬申，发朱雀，赵廷隐帅东川将吏来迎。
康福奏党项钞盗者已伏诛，馀皆降附。
辛亥，孟知祥有疾，己酉，疾甚，中门副使王处回侍左右，庖人进食，必空器而出，以安众心。李仁罕自遂州来，赵廷隐迎于板桥；仁罕不称东川之功，侵侮廷隐，廷隐大怒。庚午，知祥疾瘳；戊寅，入梓州。庚子，犒赏将士，既罢，知祥谓李仁罕、赵廷隐曰：“二将何人当镇此？”仁罕曰：“令公再与蜀州，亦行耳。”廷隐不对。知祥愕然，退，命李昊草牒，俟二将富有推则命一个人为留后，昊曰：“昔梁祖、庄宗皆兼领四镇，今二将不让，惟公自领之为便耳。公宜亟还府，更与赵仆射议之。”
辛未，契丹大使迭罗卿辞归国，上曰：“朕志在安边，不可不少副其求。”乃遣荝骨舍利与之俱归。契丹以不足荝剌，自是数寇云州及振武。
孟知祥命李仁罕归遂州，留赵廷隐东川巡检，以李昊行梓州军府事。昊曰：“二虎方争，仆不敢受命，愿从公还。”乃以都押牙王彦铢为东川监押。辛卯，知祥至圣Diego，赵廷隐寻亦引兵西还。知祥谓李昊曰：“吾得东川，为患益深。”昊请其故，知祥曰：“自吾发梓州，得仁罕七状，皆云‘公宜自领东川，不然诸将不服。’廷隐言‘本不敢当东川，因仁罕不让，遂有争心耳。’君为自作者晓廷隐，复以阆州为保宁军，益以果、蓬、渠、开四州，往镇之。吾自领东川，以绝仁罕之望。”廷隐犹不平，请与仁罕斗，胜者为东川；昊深解之，乃受命。三月，以廷隐为保宁留后。辛卯，赵季良帅将吏请知祥兼镇东川，许之。季良等又请知祥称王，权行制书，赏功臣，不许。董璋之起兵攻知祥也，山南西道参知政事王思同以闻，范延光言于上曰：“若两川并于一贼，抚众守险，则取之益难，宜及其交争，早图之。”上命思同以兴元之兵密规进取。未几，闻璋败死，延光曰：“知祥虽据全蜀，然士卒皆东方人，知祥恐其思归为变，亦欲倚朝廷之重以威其众。帝王不屈意抚之，彼则无从自新。”上曰：“知祥吾故人，为人离间至此，何屈意之有！”乃遣供奉官李存瑰赐知祥诏曰：“董璋狐狼，自贻族灭。卿丘园亲属皆保卫安全全，所宜成家世之美称，守君臣之大节。”存瑰，克宁之子，知祥之甥也。
闽王廷钧谓陈守元曰：“为本身问宝皇：既为六十年皇上，后当什么？”今天，守元入曰：“昨夕奏章，得宝皇旨，当为大罗仙主。”徐彦等亦曰：“北庙崇顺王尝见宝皇，其言与守元同。”延钧益自负，始谋称帝。表朝廷云：“钱镠卒，请以臣为吴勾践；马殷卒，请以臣为里胥令。”朝廷不报，自是职贡遂绝。
主要职员
孟知祥、李克用
[4]7月，壬辰朔（初中一年级），赵季良从梓州归来圣Juan，对孟知祥说：“董璋此人贪残好胜，野心大，谋略短，毕竟是大家西川的损伤。”
古典管文学原版的书文赏析，本文由笔者整理于网络，转载请阐明出处
重中之重角色
都指挥使李仁罕、张业欲置宴召知祥，先6日，有尼告二将谋以宴日害知祥；知祥诘之，无状，丁未，推始言者军校都延昌、王行本，腰斩之。辛未，就宴，尽去左右，独诣仁罕第；仁罕叩头流涕曰：“老兵惟尽死以报德。”由是诸将皆亲附而服之。
-
孟知祥
孟知祥的部下都指挥使李仁罕、张业打算设酒席宴请他，从前二6日，有尼姑密告说，那七个属将阴谋在宴请时谋害孟知祥；孟知祥严加查究，没有取得证据。乙亥（初三），归罪于先导浮言此事的军校都延昌和王行本，把四个人处以腰斩。戊午（初四），孟知祥去参预宴会，把随从职员都打发开，独自到李仁罕的住房；李仁罕叩头流涕地说：“笔者是您的老部下，现在唯有尽死命来报答你的好处。”从此，孟知祥所部诸将都心悦诚服地密切和直属于她。
简介小说
[5]丁酉，孟知祥、董璋同上表言：“两川闻朝廷于阆中国建工业总会公司节，绵、遂益兵，无不忧恐。”上以诏书慰谕之。
陈年经历
五代十国时代后蜀开天子主孟知祥是晋王李克用的侄婿，在北宋深受重用。唐宋开平二年，李克用病逝，长子李存勖嗣位，任命孟知祥为中门使。在此在此以前多任中门使都因触犯而被杀，孟知祥便伸手改换任务。李存勖改任孟知祥为马步军都虞候，并要求他引荐继任人选。孟知祥便推荐了郭崇韬，由此收获郭崇韬的多谢。
北周同光元年，李存勖称帝，建立后汉，是为清代庄宗。他定都于大梁，同时将也Mensa那府升格为人吉市，任命孟知祥为迪拜市留守、南宁
|
5 | 1 | 1 |
for distribution to people in a position to influence and enact the necessary changes.
If you would like to discuss how illustration can be used in your campaign materials, get in touch here.
"A child is a child until they reach maturity, not only until they reach for their smartphone."<|endoftext|>01 از 05
چهار تور بزرگ کارخانه شکلات
شکلات یک صنعت 83 میلیارد دلاری است که توسط چند تولید کننده بسیار بزرگ شکلات تحت سلطه آن است. اگر چه ممکن است نه به عنوان جادویی به عنوان کارخانه شکلات ویلی وونکا، چهار بزرگترین تولید کنندگان شکلات در جهان تورهای سرگرم کننده (اغلب با نمونه های رایگان) ارائه می دهد به طوری که شما می توانید یک پشت صحنه نگاه کنید به چگونگی شکلات های مورد علاقه خود را در مریخ ، نستله، کادبوری و هرشی.
نکته: فررو، سازنده شکلات های فررو روچر و نوتلا، سومین تولید کننده بزرگ شکلات در جهان است، اما شرکتی که به تدریج پنهان است، تورهای کارخانه را برای عموم مردم ارائه نمی دهد.
02 از 05
مریخ: تور کارخانه Ethel M، لاس وگاس، نوادا، ایالات متحده آمریکا
شرکت مریخ بزرگترین تولید کننده شکلات در جهان است و برخی از شکلات های محبوب آمریکایی از جمله M & M، Snickers bars، Dove و Twix را به فروش می رساند. در سال 1941، Forrest Mars، Sr.، M & M را پس از دیدن سربازان در طول جنگ جهانی دوم اختراع کرد و شکلات را با پوشش آبنبات پوشانده بود تا از شکل ذوب شدن شکلات جلوگیری کند.
او در سال 1981 در خارج از لاس وگاس تور کارخانه Ethel M را افتتاح کرد تا به یاد آوردن حافظه مادر و دستور العمل های شکلاتش احترام بگذارد. تور کارخانه بهترین کار در روز کاری است که کارخانه در حال کار است و همه مهمانان یک قطعه شکلات آزاد دریافت می کنند. بررسی های مربوط به تور کارخانه بسته به اینکه آیا شما قادر به دیدن شکلات در تولید هستید مخلوط شده اید، اما مجاور گیاه شناسی کاکتوس همیشه مورد علاقه است.
این کارخانه از دوشنبه تا پنجشنبه ساعت 8:30 تا 4:30 باز است. فروشگاه و باغ کاکتوس دوشنبه تا یکشنبه از ساعت 8:30 تا 6:30 باز هستند. بلیط رایگان است همیشه وب سایت خود را برای بیشترین بسته بندی ها و برنامه های روزانه بررسی کنید.
03 از 05
نستله: Maison Cailler Chocolate، Broc، Switzerland
نستله، یک نام تجاری سوئیس، شکلات خود را از دهه 1920 تولید کرده است و امروزه محصولاتی مانند قبیله Butterfinger، KitKat، Crunch bars و کل Wonka را تولید می کند. در سال 1929، شرکت نستله شرکت شکلات کویل را خریداری کرد که اولین شرکت سوئیس برای تولید شکلات بود.
در Maison Cailler در بروک، سوئیس ، می توانید یک ساعت پیاده روی از طریق نمایشگاه هایی که کل تاریخ تولید شکلات از ریشه های آزتک را به پردازش سوئیس توضیح می دهید، در نهایت به یک اتاق مزه می پردازید، جایی که شما آموزش می دهید که چگونه از حس های خود برای طعم شکلات استفاده کنید و تشویق به خوردن شکلات به همان اندازه که می خواهید! این یک تور منحصر به فرد برای یک قیمت بسیار مناسب است و اگر شما در این منطقه در سوئیس هستید، ارزشش را دارد.
ساعت ها بسته به فصل متفاوت است. ساعت ها را در وب سایت خود چک کنید. برای 10 CHF (یا حدود 11 دلار آمریکا)، این یک تور بسیار جذاب و سرگرم کننده برای دوستداران شکلات است، به ویژه از آنجا که شامل شکلات تمام شما می شود.
04 از 05
کادبوری: Cadbury World، بیرمنگام، انگلستان
کادبوری، سازنده شکلات تخم مرغ کرمی، میله شیر لبنی و خوشبو ترک، یک تور فوق العاده را در نزدیکی دهکده ساخت آن در برونویل انگلستان ارائه می دهد. Birmingham Cadbury World یک تور خودگردان یک طرفه است که به بازدیدکنندگان درباره شالوده شکلات و شرکت Cadbury از طریق انیمیشن، نمایش ویدئو و شبیه سازی کامپیوتری، مجموعه های ایستا و تظاهرات کارکنان آموزش می دهد. این تور مشهور یک سفر روز خوبی است و باید حدود سه تا چهار ساعت طول بکشد.
ساعت ها بسته به فصل متفاوت است. وب سایت خود را برای بیشتر زمان ها و برنامه های روزانه بررسی کنید. بلیط ها در حدود 16 پوند (20 دلار آمریکا) هزینه می شود و بهتر است قبل از رزرو بلیط های خود و رزرو اسلات زمان برای بازدید از محل.
05 از 05
هرشی: جهان شکلات هرشی
هرشی، پنسیلوانیا، نام "شیرین ترین مکان روی زمین" را به کارخانه شکلات هرشی می دهد. هرشی یک Hersheypark بزرگ، بر اساس شکلات، با غرفه غلتکی و سواری آب ایجاد کرده است. جهان شکلات Hershey یک جاذبه رایگان در خارج از Hersheypark است و شامل سواری است که بازدید کنندگان را از طریق یک کارخانه بازسازی می کند که نشان می دهد تولید از لوبیا به نوار، ایجاد نوار خصوصی شکلات خود را، یک دوره مزه و یک فیلم 4D. این یک تجربه سرگرم کننده برای کودکان در تمام سنین است، به خصوص اگر در حراجی در Hersheypark زوج باشد.
ساعت ها بسته به فصل متفاوت است. تور کارخانه رایگان است اما سایر جاذبه های آن از 10 دلار به 15 دلار متغیر است.<|endoftext|>- Eski İngiltere forvet kalıcı olarak devraldı
- Rooney emekli oldu ve 2023 yazına kadar anlaşma imzaladı
Wayne Rooney, İngiltere'nin tüm zamanların rekor golcüsünün şanlı oyunculuk kariyerinde zaman geçirdiğini gören bir hamle olan Derby County'nin yöneticisi olarak atandı.
35 yaşındaki oyuncu, Phillip Cocu'nun görevden alınmasının ardından Kasım ayından bu yana geçici menajerlik yapıyor, ancak şimdi rolü kalıcı olarak üstlenmek için iki buçuk yıllık bir sözleşme verildi. Shay Given kulübün ilk takım koçu olurken, müdür yardımcısı rolünü üstlenecek Liam Rosenior tarafından desteklenmeye devam edecek. Steve McClaren kulübün teknik direktörü ve yönetim kurulu danışmanı olarak kalacak.
Okumaya devam et …<|endoftext|>Nel secondo secolo della nostra era, il Nuovo Testamento era già letto nella sua totalità (vedi il “frammento muratoriano”), e conformava, insieme al Tanakh, ossia l’Antico Testamento, la “Sacra Bibbia”.
Ma fu proprio a partire da quel periodo che alcune persone, appartenenti al gruppo degli gnostici, iniziarono a criticare la Bibbia e a mettere in dubbio che questo libro sia la Parola di Dio. Nel corso dei secoli vi sono stati numerosi critici della Bibbia e di Gesù Cristo, come per esempio Celso, Porfirio, Friedrich Nietzsche, Dayananda Saraswati, o Bertrand Russell. Nessuno di questi, però è riuscito a dimostrare che la Bibbia non sia realmente ispirata da Dio.
Anche oggi vi sono numerosi critici della Bibbia, che spesso affermano che il Dio veterotestamentario fosse eccessivamente violento nelle punizioni verso i malvagi. Per rispondere a queste critiche bisogna considerare che secondo la mentalità vigente durante l’Antico Testamento la violenza e la punizione erano relazionate alla giustizia di Dio. Dio mostrava la sua giustizia con la punizione, perché ancora non aveva inviato il Figlio. Aveva inviato profeti, per annunciare proprio la venuta del Figlio. Infatti nell’Antico Testamento vi sono circa trecento profezie che indicano l’arrivo del Figlio. Ma proprio perché il Figlio non era arrivato e non aveva potuto salvare il mondo, il patto tra Dio e l’uomo era ancora “antico”. Proprio per questo ogni trasgressione contro Dio, doveva per forza essere punita severamente, o con la morte. La vendetta era pertanto un mezzo per far regnare la giustizia tra i popoli. Dio (IO SONO - YHWH) era un Padre severo che puniva i peccati se necessario con la morte. Puniva chi non gli obbediva e trasgrediva la legge, puniva chi non aveva fede in lui. Il Dio veterotestamentario doveva per forza essere infinitamente giusto, punendo i peccati, esattamente come lo è il Dio neo-testamentario. Ma nel Nuovo Testamento Gesù Cristo è venuto proprio per togliere il peccato del mondo e ristabilire il patto iniziale tra Dio e l’uomo. Ora non vi è più castigo terreno, ne punizione terrena, ma chi crede in Gesù Cristo è salvo. Proprio per questo Dio ha inviato suo Figlio, che è Dio stesso, il Verbo, con lo scopo di salvare il mondo dal peccato.
Si calcola che la Bibbia sia il libro più venduto e più letto al mondo con circa 5 miliardi di esemplari. E’ stata tradotta completamente in 349 lingue diverse, e almeno un capitolo della Bibbia è stato tradotto in altre 2123 lingue. (1)
Innanzitutto dobbiamo evidenziare che la Bibbia, considerata nella sua totalità, Antico e Nuovo Testamento, non è altro che la descrizione del progetto di Dio, iniziato con la creazione del mondo e dell’uomo. Dio ha amato l’uomo e per questo gli ha dato il libero arbitrio, la possibilità di fare delle scelte. L’uomo però, dopo essere stato tentato da Satana, ha voluto scegliere di scalzare Dio, anzi ha scelto di diventare egli stesso Dio. Per questo si descrive il “peccato originale” e la “caduta dell’uomo”. L’uomo ha scelto il peccato e la conseguenza del peccato è la morte. Lettera ai Romani (6, 23):
Perchè il salario del peccato è la morte; ma il dono di Dio è la vita eterna in Cristo Gesù nostro Signore.
Malgrado ciò Dio non ha abbandonato l’uomo. Ha inviato i profeti che annunciavano la missione di suo Figlio sulla terra. Infine ha inviato il Figlio, che è venuto con lo scopo principale di “togliere il peccato del mondo”, (Vangelo di Giovanni 1, 29), e stabilire con il suo sangue, un nuovo patto, tra Dio e l’uomo, il Nuovo Testamento.
Pertanto, se osserviamo la Bibbia da un punto di vista amplio, ci rendiamo conto che essa è fortemente incentrata su Gesù Cristo, che è il Verbo che si è fatto carne (Vangelo di Giovanni 1, 14).
Ovviamente è stata proprio la missione di Gesù Cristo sulla terra, e la sua Risurrezione, che ha sancito la veridicità della Bibbia.
Un passaggio molto significativo della Bibbia è il seguente, Seconda Lettera di Timoteo (3, 16-17):
Tutta la Scrittura è divinamente ispirata e utile a insegnare, a convincere, a correggere e a istruire nella giustizia, affinchè l'uomo di Dio sia completo, pienamente fornito per ogni buona opera.
Pertanto è nella Bibbia stessa che si afferma che essa è ispirata. La frase greca corrispondete significa: “soffiata da Dio”.
Inoltre bisogna riconoscere che molti uomini, anche non credenti, hanno compiuto opere d’arte o letterarie di grande valore, ma nessuno di essi ha potuto fare delle profezie che si siano rivelate valide, come invece accadde con i profeti della Bibbia. L’Apostolo Pietro ci indica infatti che le profezie non vengono dall’uomo. Vediamo il passaggio corrispondente, nella Seconda Lettera di Pietro (1, 21):
Nessuna profezia infatti è mai proceduta da volontà d'uomo, ma i santi uomini di Dio hanno parlato, perchè spinti dallo Spirito Santo.
Una volta una persona che si credeva saggia mi ha detto: “quale è per te la chiave per leggere la Bibbia?” Si riferiva a qualche chiave esoterica che secondo lui avrebbe potuto svelare i segreti contenuti nel libro sacro. Ed io risposi: “vi è solo una chiave per leggere la Bibbia, e quella chiave è l’umiltà”. In effetti l’umiltà è il dono più grande che una persona possa avere e per leggere e comprendere profondamente la Parola di Dio è necessario essere umili. Inoltre leggendo la Bibbia con umiltà, e accettando Gesù Cristo, si deve poi anche metterla in pratica. A tale proposito riporto alcuni passi della Lettera di Giacomo (1, 21-25):
Perciò, deposta ogni lordura e residuo di malizia, ricevete con mansuetudine la parola piantata in voi, la quale può salvare le anime vostre. E siate facitori della parola e non uditori soltanto, ingannando voi stessi. Poichè, se uno è uditore della parola e non facitore, è simile a un uomo che osserva la sua faccia naturale in uno specchio; egli osserva se stesso e poi se ne va, dimenticando subito com'era. Ma chi esamina attentamente la legge perfetta, che è la legge della libertà, e persevera in essa, non essendo un uditore dimentichevole ma un facitore dell'opera, costui sarà beato nel suo operare.
Le caratteristiche della Bibbia sono molte, ma fra le tante, si nota che questo libro risalta per sette principali qualità: antichità, attualità, diversità, unità, tema, influenza e potere di consolazione.
E’ vero che nell’antichità sono stati scritti poemi o libri antecedenti alla Bibbia (possibilmente l’epopea di Gilgamesh), ma la Bibbia è il testo più antico che sia stato scritto in un arco di tempo che va dai 1600 (2) ai 1150 (3) anni (a seconda delle datazioni).
Anche se la Bibbia è uno dei libri più antichi del mondo, è un libro di una straordinaria attualità, non solo nei principi morali.
Oggigiorno un libro scientifico che abbia più di dieci anni, è completamente obsoleto. Un libro che abbia più di cent’anni, è una curiosità. Le informazioni mediche contenute in libri del 1700 d.C. si è dimostrato che sono errate, e quindi completamente superate.
Ma nella Bibbia non vi sono concetti o versi che stiano in contraddizione con la scienza moderna, e pertanto non sono falsi. Anzi molti versi della Bibbia confermano la scienza attuale, il punto è che sono stati scritti nel nel I o nel II millennio a.C.! Vediamone alcuni:
La terra è sferica, Isaia (40, 22):
Egli è colui che sta assiso sul globo della terra, i cui abitanti sono come cavallette; egli distende i cieli come un velo e li dispiega come una tenda in cui abitarvi.
La terra è sospesa nello spazio (Giobbe 26, 7):
Egli distende il settentrione sul vuoto e tiene sospesa la terra sul nulla.
Lo spazio è troppo grande per essere misurato o perchè si possano contare le stelle, Genesi (15, 5):
Poi lo condusse fuori e gli disse: «Mira il cielo e conta le stelle, se le puoi contare», quindi aggiunse: «Così sarà la tua discendenza».
Geremia (33, 22):
Come non si può contare l'esercito del cielo nè misurare la sabbia del mare, così io moltiplicherò i discendenti di Davide, mio servo, e i Leviti che mi servono».
Negli oceani vi sono “sentieri” ossia zone dove la corrente è forte, Salmi (8,8):
gli uccelli del cielo e i pesci del mare, tutto quello che passa per i sentieri del mare
Questi passaggi non significano che la Bibbia sia un trattato scientifico, ma piuttosto che gli autori biblici non scrissero mai brani in contraddizione con la scienza. Anche dal punto di vista delle prescrizioni mediche, da adottare in caso di contatto o vicinanza con persone inferme, la Bibbia si rivela un testo straordinariamente attuale. Vediamo a tale proposito alcuni passaggi del Levitico (13, 42-46):
Ma se sulla parte calva del capo o della fronte appare una piaga bianco-rossastra, è lebbra, scoppiata sul capo o sulla fronte. Il sacerdote la esaminerà; e se il gonfiore della piaga sulla parte calva del capo o della fronte è bianco-rossastro, simile alla lebbra sulla pelle del corpo, è lebbroso; è impuro, e il sacerdote lo dichiarerà impuro, a motivo della piaga sul suo capo. Il lebbroso, affetto da questa piaga, porterà le vesti strappate e il capo scoperto; si coprirà la barba e griderà: "Impuro, impuro". Sarà impuro tutto il tempo che avrà la piaga; è impuro; vivrà da solo; abiterà fuori del campo.
Ci sono altri passaggi biblici che dimostrano quanto questo libro sia attuale dal punto di vista medico:
Sia l’uomo che la donna sono depositari del seme della vita, Genesi (3, 15):
E io porrò inimicizia fra te e la donna e fra il tuo seme e il seme di lei; esso ti schiaccerà il capo, e tu ferirai il suo calcagno».
E’ pericoloso mangiare animali che siano morti naturalmente, Levitico (17,
|
5 | 1 | 2 |
due ore.<|endoftext|>On January 18, 1778, James Cook became the first known European to discover the Hawaiian Islands during his third voyage. On this, his last voyage, Cook again commanded HMS Resolution, while Captain Charles Clerke commanded HMS Discovery. The voyage was ostensibly planned to return the Pacific Islander, Omai to Tahiti, or so the public were led to believe. The trip’s principal goal was to locate a Northwest Passage around the American continent. After dropping Omai at Tahiti, Cook travelled north and made formal contact with the Hawaiian Islands. After his initial landfall in January 1778 at Waimea harbor, Kauai, Cook named the archipelago the Sandwich Islands after the fourth Earl of Sandwich — the acting First Lord of the Admiralty. From the Sandwich Islands, Cook sailed north and then north-east to explore the west coast of North America north of the Spanish settlements in Alta California, eventually reaching the Bering Strait. Cook returned to Hawaii in early 1779, sailing around the archipelago for some eight weeks, before making landfall at Kealakekua Bay where he would stay for a month. Here, he was stabbed to death on February 14, 1779.
James Cook and his voyages have been featured on ‘A Stamp A Day’ several times including a brief account of his death, an extensive narrative of his first voyage including details on the fate of HMS Endeavour, and lengthy accounts of Cook’s third voyage as well as his exploration of the Alaskan coastline.
The Hawaiian Islands (Mokupuni o Hawai‘i in the Hawaiian language) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, numerous smaller islets, and seamounts in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some 1,500 miles (2,400 kilometers) from the island of Hawaiʻi in the south to northernmost Kure Atoll. The name Sandwich Islands was in use until the 1840s, when the local name “Hawaii” gradually began to take precedence. The contemporary name is derived from the name of the largest island, Hawaii Island. The Hawaiian Islands have a total land area of 6,423.4 square miles (16,636.5 km²). The Hawaiian monarchy was overthrown in 1893. The islands were subsequently put under the control of a republic, which the United States annexed in 1898 and admitted as it’s 50th state in 1959. The U.S. state of Hawaii now occupies the archipelago almost in its entirety (including the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands), with the sole exception of Midway Island, which instead separately belongs to the United States as one of its unincorporated territories within the United States Minor Outlying Islands.
The Hawaiian Islands are the exposed peaks of a great undersea mountain range known as the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, formed by volcanic activity over a hotspot in the Earth’s mantle. The islands are about 1,860 miles (3,000 km) from the nearest continent. On June 15, 2006, President George W. Bush issued a public proclamation creating Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument under the Antiquities Act of 1906. The Monument encompasses the northwestern Hawaiian Islands and surrounding waters, forming the largest marine wildlife reserve in the world. In August 2010, UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee added Papahānaumokuākea to its list of World Heritage Sites. On August 26, 2016, President Barack Obama greatly expanded Papahānaumokuākea, quadrupling it from its original size.
The date of the first settlements of the Hawaiian Islands is a topic of continuing debate. Archaeology seems to indicate a settlement as early as 124 AD. Patrick Vinton Kirch’s books on Hawaiian archeology, standard textbooks, date the first Polynesian settlements to about 300, with more recent suggestions by Kirch as late as 600. Other theories suggest dates as late as 700 to 800. More radical theories have been advanced from high-precision radiocarbon dating that drastically alter the timeline. These theories place the first settlements of Hawaii after 1120.
The history of the ancient Polynesians was passed down through genealogy chants that were recited at formal and family functions. The genealogy of the high chiefs could be traced back to the period believed to be inhabited only by gods. The pua aliʻi (“flower of royalty”) were considered to be living gods.
By about 1000, settlements founded along the perimeters of the islands were beginning to cultivate food in gardens.
A Tahitian priest named Pā‘ao is said to have brought a new order to the islands around 1200. The new order included new laws and a new social structure that separated the people into classes. The aliʻi nui was the king, with his ʻaha kuhina just below them. The aliʻi were the royal nobles with the kahuna (high priest) below them, the makaʻāinana (commoners) next with the kauā below them as the lowest ranking social caste.
The rulers of the Hawaiian islands (noho aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina) are a line of Native Hawaiians who were independent rulers of various subdivisions of the islands of Hawaii. Their genealogy is traced to Hānalaʻanui and others. The aliʻi nui were responsible for making sure the people observed a strict kapu (a code of conduct relating to taboos). The system had rules regarding many aspects of Hawaiian social order, fishing rights and even where women could eat. After the death of Kamehameha I, the system was abolished, and the Hawaiian religion soon fell as the gods were abandoned.
By 1500, Hawaiians began to spread to the interiors of the islands and religion was more emphasized.
During his third voyage, James Cook had lingered in the Society Islands from August until December 1777 before resuming his explorations. By December 8, they were in Bora-Bora, about ten months behind schedule, having lost a whole season of Arctic exploration. It was also obvious that the health of Captain Charles Clerke — who commanded HMS Discovery — was deteriorating. Proceeding north, they discovered the Pacific’s largest atoll, Christmas Island (today’s Kiritimati), where they celebrated Christmas and Cook observed an eclipse of the sun. After stocking up on over a ton of green turtles, the ships departed on January 2, 1778.
On January 18, the surprising, momentous discovery of Hawaii occurred when HMS Resolution and Discovery arrived at the mouth of the Waimea River on the Western side of Kaua‘i. Originally, Cook sent three small craft to Waimea so that his men could determine if it was a good place for the ships to dock. They reported back that there was a fresh water lagoon alongside a native village, so Cook and his men anchored their ships with the sun rising over the islands’ volcanic mountains. Trading pigs and potatoes for nails began immediately with canoeists coming alongside; venturing aboard, the islanders were astonished at what they saw and could not refrain from trying to steal anything they could.
When Cook went ashore on the morning of January 20, the people prostrated themselves on the ground in his honor; remarkably, they understood the Tahitian language. Cook always wondered how the Polynesians had populated the vast Pacific. Later, Cook learned that Third Lieutenant John Williamson, who had been in charge of the search party that had found this anchorage, had shot and killed a native in senseless fear. An ominous, symbolic beginning. The people, though, were friendly, the water was sweet, and the trading was excellent. Captain Clerke, feeling somewhat better, reported that one moderate-size nail supplied his ship’s company with a day’s worth of pork.
Cook’s mission is thought to be one of scientific and social exploration. His men documented the flora and fauna of the Waimea area, and tried to translate the language of the natives. This first encounter was relatively friendly. One of Cook’s men wrote, “On landing I was reciev’d with every token of respect and friendship by a great number of the Natives who were collected upon the occasion; they every one of them prostrated themselves around me which is the first mark of respect at these Isles.”
Cook’s arrival, the first Western contact with Hawaii, is fraught with contradictions. While it was originally friendly and is responsible for a vast resource of information about the flora, fauna and culture of Hawaii, it also marks the beginning of the period of colonization of Hawaii and its people. The arrival of Europeans also introduced venereal disease and tuberculosis, which is responsible for decimating the native Hawaiian population.
Cook was impatient to get to New Albion, the British name for the region that Sir Francis Drake had explored along northwest North America in 1579, so they stayed at Kauai and nearby Niihau for only two weeks. On February 2, 1778, Cook continued on to the coast of North America and Alaska searching for a Northwest Passage for approximately nine months. He returned to Hawaii chain to resupply, initially exploring the coasts of Maui and Hawaii Island to trade.
After sailing around the archipelago for some eight weeks, he made landfall at Kealakekua Bay, on Hawaii Island, largest island in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Cook’s arrival coincided with the Makahiki, a Hawaiian harvest festival of worship for the Polynesian god Lono. Coincidentally the form of Cook’s ship, HMS Resolution, or more particularly the mast formation, sails and rigging, resembled certain significant artefacts that formed part of the season of worship. Similarly, Cook’s clockwise route around the island of Hawaii before making landfall resembled the processions that took place in a clockwise direction around the island during the Lono festivals. It has been argued (most extensively by Marshall Sahlins) that such coincidences were the reasons for Cook’s (and to a limited extent, his crew’s) initial deification by some Hawaiians who treated Cook as an incarnation of Lono. Though this view was first suggested by members of Cook’s expedition, the idea that any Hawaiians understood Cook to be Lono, and the evidence presented in support of it, were challenged in 1992.
After a month’s stay at Kealakekua Bay, Cook attempted to resume his exploration of the Northern Pacific. Shortly after leaving Hawaii Island, however, the Resolution‘s foremast broke in bad weather, so the ships returned to Kealakekua Bay for repairs. Tensions rose, and a number of quarrels broke out between the Europeans and Hawaiians. An unknown group of Hawaiians took one of Cook’s small boats. The evening when the cutter was taken, the people had become “insolent” even with threats to fire upon them. Cook was forced into a wild goose chase that ended with his return to the ship frustrated. He attempted to kidnap and ransom the aliʻi nui of Hawaiʻi, Kalaniʻōpuʻu.
That following day, February 14, 1779, Cook marched through the village to retrieve Kalaniʻōpuʻu. Cook took the king (aliʻi nui) by his own hand and led him willingly away. One of Kalaniʻōpuʻu’s favorite wives, Kanekapolei and two chiefs approached the group as they were heading to boats. They pleaded with the king not to go until he stopped and sat where he stood. An old kahuna (priest), chanting rapidly while holding out a coconut, attempted to distract Cook and his men as a large crowd began to form at the shore. The king began to understand that Cook was his enemy.
As Cook turned his back to help launch the boats, he was struck on the head by the villagers and then stabbed to death as he fell on his face in the surf. He was first struck on the head with a club by a chief named Kalaimanokahoʻowaha or Kanaʻina (namesake of Charles Kana’ina) and then stabbed by one of the king’s attendants, Nuaa. The Hawaiians carried his body away towards the back of the town, still visible to the ship through their spyglass. Four marines, Corporal James Thomas, Private Theophilus Hinks, Private Thomas Fatchett and Private John Allen, were also killed and two others were wounded in the confrontation.
The esteem which the islanders nevertheless held for Cook caused them to retain his body. Following their practice of the time, they prepared his body with funerary rituals usually reserved for the chiefs and highest elders of the society. The body was disemboweled, baked to facilitate removal of the flesh, and the bones were carefully cleaned for preservation as religious icons in a fashion somewhat reminiscent of the treatment of European saints in the Middle Ages. Some of Cook’s remains, thus preserved, were eventually returned to his crew for a formal burial at sea.
Clerke assumed leadership of the expedition, and made a final attempt to pass through the Bering Strait. He died from tuberculosis on August 22, 1779, and John Gore, a veteran of Cook’s first voyage, took command of Resolution and of the expedition. James King replaced Gore in command of Discovery. The expedition returned home, reaching England in October 1780.
A United States coin, the 1928 Hawaiian Sesquicentennial half dollar carries Cook’s image. Minted for the 150th anniversary of his discovery of the islands, its low mintage (10,008) has made this example of early U.S. commemorative coins both scarce and expensive. The site where he was killed in Hawaii was marked in 1874 by a white obelisk set on 25 square feet (2.3 m²) of chained-off beach. This land, although in Hawaii, was deeded to the United Kingdom. A nearby town is named Captain Cook, Hawaii; several Hawaiian businesses also carry his name. The Apollo 15 Command/Service Module Endeavour was named after Cook’s ship, HMS Endeavour, as was the space shuttle Space Shuttle Endeavour. Another shuttle, Discovery, was named after Cook’s HMS Discovery.
The House of Kamehameha (Hale O Kamehameha), or the Kamehameha dynasty, was the reigning Royal Family of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi, beginning with its founding by Kamehameha I in 1795. In 1793, Captain George Vancouver sailed from the United Kingdom and presented the Union Flag to Kamehameha, who was still in the process of uniting the islands into a single state; the Union Jack flew unofficially as the flag of Hawaii until 1816, including during a brief spell of British rule after Kamehameha ceded Hawaii to Vancouver in 1794.
By 1795, Kamehameha had conquered all but one of the main islands. For his first royal residence, the new King built the first western-style structure in the Hawaiian Islands, known as the “Brick Palace”. The location became the seat of government for the Hawaiian Kingdom until 1845. The king commissioned the structure to be built at Keawa’iki point in Lahaina, Maui, by two ex-convicts from Australia’s Botany Bay penal colony. It was begun in 1798 and was completed after four years in 1802. The house was intended for Kaʻahumanu — the favorite wife of Kamehameha I and also the most politically powerful — but she refused to live in the structure and resided instead in an adjacent, traditional Hawaiian-styled home.
Sugar became a major export from Hawaii soon after Cook’s arrival. The first permanent plantation began in Kauai in 1835. William Hooper leased 980 acres of land from Kamehameha III and began growing sugarcane. Within thirty years plantations operated on the four main islands. Sugar completely altered Hawaii’s economy. American influence in Hawaiian government began with U.S. plantation owners demanding a say in Kingdom politics. This was driven by missionary religion and sugar economics. Pressure from these plantation owners was felt by the King and chiefs as demands for land tenure. After a brief takeover by the British in 1843, Kamehameha III responded to the demands with the Great Mahele, distributing the lands to all Hawaiians as advocated by missionaries including Gerrit P. Judd.
During the 1850s, the U.S. import tariff on sugar from Hawaii was much higher than the import tariffs Hawaiians were charging the U.S., and Kamehameha III sought reciprocity. The monarch wished to lower U.S. tariffs and make Hawaiian sugar competitive with other foreign suppliers. In 1854, Kamehameha III proposed a policy of reciprocity between the countries, but the proposal died in the U.S. Senate.
U.S. control of Hawaii was considered vital for the defense of its west coast. The military was especially interested in Pu’uloa, Pearl Harbor. The sale of one harbor was proposed by Charles Reed Bishop, a foreigner who had married into the Kamehameha family, had risen to be Hawaiian Minister of Foreign Affairs and owned a country home near Pu’uloa. He showed two U.S. officers around the lochs, although his wife, Bernice Pauahi Bishop, privately disapproved of selling Hawaiian lands. As monarch, William Charles Lunalilo, was content to let Bishop run most business affairs, but the ceding of lands became unpopular with Hawaiians. Many islanders thought that all the islands, rather than just Pearl Harbor, might be lost and opposed any cession. By November 1873, Lunalilo canceled negotiations and returned to drinking, against his doctor’s advice; his health declined swiftly, and he died on February 3, 1874.
Lunalilo left no heirs. The legislature was empowered by the constitution to elect the monarch in these instances and chose David Kalākaua as Lunalilo’s successor. The new ruler was pressured by the U.S. government to surrender Pearl Harbor to the Navy. Kalākaua was concerned that this would lead to annexation by the U.S. and to violating the traditions of the Hawaiian people, who believed that the land (‘Āina) was fertile, sacred and not for sale. From 1874 through 1875, Kalākaua made a state visit to Washington D.C. to gather support for a new treaty. Congress agreed to the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 for seven years in exchange for Ford Island. After the treaty, sugar production expanded from 12,000 acres to 125,000 acres in 1891. At the end of the seven-year term, the United States showed little interest in renewal.
On January 20, 1887, the United States began leasing Pearl Harbor. Shortly afterwards, a group of mostly non-Hawaiians calling themselves the Hawaiian Patriotic League began the Rebellion of 1887. They drafted their own constitution on July 6, 1887. The new constitution was written by Lorrin Thurston, the Hawaiian Minister of the Interior who used the Hawaiian militia to threaten Kalākaua. Kalākaua was forced to dismiss his cabinet ministers and sign a new constitution that greatly lessened his power. It would become known as the “Bayonet Constitution” due to the force used.
This new constitution severely curtailed the power of King “David” Kalākaua, and disenfranchised the rights of most Native Hawaiians and Asian citizens to vote, through excessively high property and income requirements. This gave a sizeable advantage to plantation owners. Queen Liliuokalani attempted to restore royal powers in 1893, but was placed under house arrest by businessmen with help from the U.S. military. Against the Queen’s wishes, the Republic of Hawaii was formed for a short time. This government agreed on behalf of Hawaii to join the United States in 189
|
5 | 1 | 3 |
) has a comparative advantage in labor-intensive traditional sector but the firm (country) with government support embarks on a somewhat ‘risky’ skill-intensive activity. In general, as skill level crosses a certain level, the marginal cost declines steeply but as skill grows further, the productivity ceases to grow at the same pace while the wage in the primary sector outpace them. This trend happens because skill does enhance the productivity but at different degrees in the product life. Thus, it takes the form of a U-shaped curve. In the beginning the wage rate as well as the skill level is low and the country is forced to import. Gradual familiarity leads to more productivity. Despite concomitant rise in wages, such productivity gains lead to exportables. Further increase in the wage depletes the comparative advantage in a particular product. Thus, the nation is forced to produce another good that uses labor less intensively and where high skills can be utilized more effectively. This is the story behind gradual upgrading of export from textile to chemicals to iron & steel to automobiles and finally to electronics. South Korea and Finland are two examples of this approach.
While a particular nation grows in skill and the products are upgraded from labor-intensive (L-intensive) to capital-intensive goods, another nation grows and takes over in L-intensive products. This happened in East Asia because they had a skill ladder where Japan began as the most skilled nation followed by other “Asian Tigers”. Kojima extended this model to incorporate transporting of one industry to another country where the wage is lower even though the productivity of the workers is not as high as the parent nation. This gradual shift of comparative advantage causes high growth of a particular nation at a particular time. For example, Taiwan supplanted Japan in the production of certain goods when Japan lost comparative advantage in it. Taiwan was followed by ASEAN and finally China took over.
Opponents, such as Larry Summers is believed to have said that industrial policy is like picking stocks and just because Warren Buffet is good at picking stocks does not mean that all of us should do the same. The majority of investors are better off holding a diversified portfolio. Similarly, just because Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and a few other South East Asian countries have been successful with state intervention in promoting industrial and technological development, it doesn't mean other countries should emulate them. Most governments are better off by staying away from ‘picking winners and losers’ as development experience during past 60 years is replete with failure of ‘government failures’ not only in industry but in agriculture, tourism, financial services and other sectors. Even when there is shown to be ‘market failure’, opponents argue that industries never become adults from ‘infant-industry’ as they depend on government support for decades on end. They argue that comparative advantage defying state intervention takes the form of state favoring capital-intensive and skilled-labor intensive industries through subsidies and trade protection. The government aims to put the economy on a higher growth path by a strategy of ‘leap-frogging’ development. The further one moves away from comparative advantage, the more the costs of subsidization and support, and over time this becomes fiscally burdensome. Moreover, once the government support is withdrawn then the industry may become uncompetitive, generate less surpluses and resources to reinvest, and may have to close down, and when such support is stopped, the industry’s profits evaporate as private sector does not. Opponents still believe that East Asian countries would have grown even faster had they not employed industrial policies.
Some observers argue that diversified industries will not take hold in natural resource-endowed countries, such as in Africa and Middle East, because the ‘booming sectors of oil, minerals’ attract all the human and financial resources and government incentives, and therefore there is a ‘resource curse.’ The only reason rapid industrialization occurred is because of a lack of natural resources (except Malaysia and Indonesia, but even there industry is relatively weak and at the lower level of the ladder).
The ‘new industrial policy’ group argues that state intervention is needed in R&D and innovation policy to encourage low carbon, high growth. They argue that private sector does not internalize the carbon emissions, while state intervention will deal with this negative externality.
- Why did IT industries take-off in India and Ireland without state intervention?
- Isn’t East Asian countries’ success more due to their ‘trade openness’ strategy rather than state-intervention – or is it that both state-intervention and openness that is a successful recipe for rapid development?
- Is there an export diversified strategy for developing countries that works most of the time?
- Is it true that the ‘natural resource curse’ works against economic diversification and development?
- Is the new industrial policy more appropriate for the 21st century?<|endoftext|>A January 20, 2006 post placing a cool physiological/behavioral study into an evolutionary context.
There are two main hypotheses – not mutually exclusive – for the adaptive value of having a circadian clock. One is the Internal Synchronization hypothesis, stating that the circadian clock serves to synchronize biochemical and physiological processes within the body. The second is the External Synchronization hypothesis, stating that the circadian clock serves to syncronize the physiology and behavior to the natural environment.
The prediction from the Internal Hypothesis is that circadian rhythms in various physiological parameters – for instance body temperature, release of various hormones, cell division – will persist in organisms that live in non-rhythmic environments, e.g., in caves, underground or in the depths of the ocean. Measuring such parameters, especially in the wild, is difficult and expensive, though, so not much work has been done. Work in the laboratory, mostly in fruitflies and hamsters, brings indirect support for this hypothesis.
The predicition from the External Hypothesis is that circadian rhythms of behavior will not persist in organisms that live in arrhythmic environments. This has been shown in a number of fossorial animals in the field.
A research group from Norway has recently published a short paper in Nature (I saw these data on a poster at a meeting in 1999 – just goes to show how long it takes to publish in Nature!), looking at an animal that lives in an environment that is sometimes rhythmic, sometimes not – the Arctic. They have monitored, for a whole year, the gross locomotor activity of 12 reindeer. Six of those were in Svaldbard (78 degrees North) and the other six were of another subspecies in northern Norway (70 degrees North).
In the Arctic, for several months during the winter there is only darkness – it is the long polar night. Likewise, it is one continuous day through the months of summer. However, for a few weeks in spring and again in fall, there is a clear light-dark cycle in the environment.
What the group discovered was that, in both subspecies, there was no detectable rhythm during the one long day of summer. This is consistent with the data in a number of laboratory animals – constant bright light tends to supress circadian rhythmicity. Reindeer, like most ruminants, have ultradian rhythms of activity, i.e., tend to roam and forage in bursts.
During spring and fall, both subspecies entrained to the external light-dark cycle, although the rhythm in Norway deer appeared much more robust. It is unclear if the apparent rhythms in the more Northern population were entrained circadian rhythms or masking effects (i.e., direct effects of light on activity) of the LD cycle.
During the winter, though, the Norway reindeer exhibited a freerunning rhythm of activity, but the Svaldbard deer were again not showing any rhythms. An absence of a freerunning rhythm in constant darkness is a rare finding in animal chronobiology, and the data strongly support the External Synchronization hypothesis.
On the left – Norway deer, on the right – Svaldbard deer. Every black dot is a bout of activity and white dot a bout of inactivity. X-axis is a double-plotted 24-hour day. Y-axis (going from top to bottom) shows one day of the year in each row.
However, people from the same group (mostly Karl-Arne Stokkan) have shown before that Svaldbard reindeer (as well as Svaldbard ptarmigan, a gallinaceous bird, which is also behaviorally arrhythmic in a similar experiment) have no rhythm of melatonin secretion during the long polar night in winter either, something that contradicts the Internal Synchronization hypothesis to some extent. On the other hand, people and seals living at the same latitudes have circadian rhythms in melatonin release.
Circadian pacemakers in the suprachiasmatic nuclei signal time of day using various neural and hormonal mechanisms. One of the mechanisms involves rhythmic stimuulation of melatonin release from the pineal gland. Other hormones may be Arginine Vasopressing, Cortisol, brain peptides, etc. It is possible that melatonin signal acts on brain centers that drive various behaviors, while other neural and humoral signals drive rhythms in biochemistry and physiology of various internal organs. It is, thus, possible that animals in arrhythmic environments have no rhythms in melatonn release or behavior but still retain rhythms in physiology – something that can be tested by, for instance, continuous monitoring of body temperature in the field – hard and expensive, but not impossible to do. If this is the case, that both Internal and External Synchronization hypotheses will be supported.
Circadian clocks are so ubiqutous, it is difficult to come up with a conclusive evidence for their adaptive function. Finding animals, like reindeer, that are not rhythmic in constant natural environments but exhibit rhythms when the environment is rhythmic, add some strength to the notion that the biological clocks are evolved adaptations.
And of course, not being sleepy on the night of December 25th certainly helps Rudolf, Prancer and friends work more efficiently in delivering presents.
van Oort BE, Tyler NJ, Gerkema MP, Folkow L, Blix AS, Stokkan KA. Circadian organization in reindeer. Nature. 2005 Dec 22;438(7071):1095-6.<|endoftext|>New Study Says Many Pulp and Paper Mills to Change Future Water Usage Goals
Sept. 25, 2012 (Press Release) - Since water has become an increasingly important strategic issue in the pulp and paper industry, potentially affecting the ability of a large number of the world’s mills to operate at capacity, Fisher International conducted a study of the topic and has published its findings in a study titled, The 2012 Global PPI Water Benchmark Report.
The report is intended to help environmental managers understand how water issues are affecting pulp and paper mills around the world as they benchmark their own positions and evaluate their policies.
The study finds that many mills expect that their access to water will be threatened in the next five years.
Even more mills — a majority worldwide — expect to make changes to their water usage goals in the next five years, particularly in developing countries.
Worldwide, the range of water usage per ton of paper produced was found to be quite broad: from under .95 cubic meters per metric ton (250 gallons per short ton) of paper produced up to 265 cubic meters per metric ton (70,000 gallons per short ton) of paper produced. Similarly sludge production was found to range from almost nothing to just over .4 tons of sludge per ton of pulp or paper produced. Nevertheless, attitudes about the seriousness of potential threats to water availability are similar across types of mills and regardless of how mills handle effluent treatment.
The report is free to mills that take part in Fisher International’s water survey. It is also available for purchase. To take the survey, obtain a copy of the report, or receive additional information, please email: email@example.com or call +1 203.854.5390.
For over 25 years Fisher International has supported the pulp and paper industry with business intelligence and management consulting. With research resources in every pulp and paper producing country in the world, Fisher International’s comprehensive proprietary database, analysis tools, and expert consultants are indispensable resources to the industry. To learn more, please visit: www.fisheri.com.
SOURCE: Fisher International<|endoftext|>Fransa, İspanya ve öteki Batı Avrupa ülkeleri iklim değişikliğinin tesirleri konusunda tasalara yol açacak bunaltıcı bir hafta sonu için hazırlık yaptı. Cuma günü Fransa’nın birtakım bölgelerinde sıcaklıklar şimdiden 40 derecenin üzerine çıktı.
Bölgesel yetkililer, İspanya’da Cuma günü kuzeybatı Sierra de la Culebra bölgesinde yaklaşık 22.240 dönüm arazinin yandığını ve yaklaşık 200 kişinin konutlarından tahliye edildiğini belirtti.<|endoftext|>1. Calcium treatment of aluminum killed steel
Calcium (mainly in the form of CaSi alloy) is used to transform the solid Al2O3 and SiO2-Al2O3 produced during aluminum deoxidation into calcium aluminate that is liquid at the casting temperature. In clean steel, these aluminates will be covered with a thin layer of calcium and manganese complex sulfides.
According to different steel grades, the amount of Ca added per ton of molten steel is 0.15-0.5kg.
The success of calcium addition is largely related to the amount of Al203 remaining in the molten steel.
2. Calcium treatment of silicon killed steel
In steel with a carbon content of 0.1% and a silicon content of 0.2%, the oxygen content is usually about 75ppm. By feeding the CaSi cored wire 0.8-1.7kg/t to the molten steel, it can be reduced to 15 -20ppm.
Since there are no wear-resistant alumina inclusions, and as long as the silicate and sulfide inclusions are non-brittle and plastic at the rolling temperature, silicon killed steel can exhibit good workability.
3. Add calcium treatment to avoid clogging of the nozzle
At the casting temperature, alumina, silica, cerium sulfur oxide, and titanium dioxide, which are solid at the casting temperature, may cause blockage of the small diameter nozzle. In the condition of aluminum killed steel, when the aluminum content of molten steel exceeds 0.01%, it will quickly cause the nozzle to block. Adding calcium-containing alloys to molten steel can solve this problem.
Depending on the number of solid inclusions in the molten steel before treatment, 0.3-1.5kg CaSi/t is usually added.
4. Calcium treatment with CaAl wire instead of CaSi wire
For low-silicon steels such as deep drawing steel, thin strip steel, and automotive steel, replacing CaSi alloy cored wire with CaAl alloy cored wire has the following advantages:
CaAl alloy is a silicon-free carrier;
Because it is alloyed, the vapor pressure of Ca is lower than that of single calcium;
Aluminum can be compatible with the most elements in the steel;
Aluminum can increase the solubility of calcium in the molten steel.
5. Calcium treatment for CaFe line production of ultra-low silicon steel
Ca30/Fe70 or Ca70/Fe30 alloy cored wire for steel making is used to add calcium to molten steel without any amount of silicon, so it is particularly suitable for deep-drawn steel, some special steels (such as calcium-containing stainless steel, calcium-containing gear steel), and steel with specific physical properties.
1. Carbon increases after the furnace
When producing low-carbon and medium-carbon steel, the average recovery rate of carbon is 68-71%; when producing alloy steel, the recovery rate of carbon reaches 83%.
2. Stainless molten steel with Titanium
When producing stainless steel such as Cr18Ni9Ti, a ferrotitanium wire is used to adjust the titanium content of molten steel, which not only has a high yield but also accurately meets the requirements of technical standards.
1. Add Titanium to steels like 20CrMnTi
After the molten steel is deoxidized, titanium is added with a ferrotitanium shovel, and the recovery rate of titanium can reach more than 80%.
2. Add boron to 40MnB and 40MnVB containing boron steel and 303, 304, and 316 stainless steel.
After the molten steel is deoxidized and nitrogen-fixed, and then boron is added with a boron-iron wire, the boron recovery rate can be as high as 80%, and the result is stable and accurate.
3. Rare earth can purify molten steel, refine the structure of steel, and control the shape of inclusions. After the molten steel is deoxidized, the rare earth ferrosilicon wire or cerium iron wire is added to the rare earth alloy or cerium, which can stably increase the recovery rate of the rare earth or cerium.
4. Add Niobium to the steel
Compared with the impulse method, adding niobium with ferroniobium wire not only melts the alloy faster, but there is no danger that small pieces of ferroniobium will be wrapped by slag and reduce the efficiency and recovery rate of niobium.
5. Add steel to steel
The addition of barium with cored wire can increase the recovery rate and increase the stability of vanadium addition.
1. Use a sulfur wire or iron sulfide wire to add sulfur to molten steel to produce sulfur-containing free-cutting steel; the sulfur recovery rate can reach more than 80%, and almost no toxic SO2 is released.
2. Use a sulfur wire or iron sulfide wire to add sulfur to the stainless steel molten steel to change the appearance of vulcanized inclusions and improve machinability.<|endoftext|>Askerlik tecrübesi iş piyasasında değerlidir. Silahlı kuvvetler, personel disiplini ve liderliğini öğretir ve bunları işverenlerin potansiyel iş adaylarında görmeyi sevdikleri her alanda çeşitli alanlarda eğitir. Ancak, bir özgeçmiş üzerinde düzgün bir şekilde pazarlama askeri deneyimi zor olabilir. Başvuranlar önce sivil dünyasında neye ulaşmak istediklerine odaklanmalıdır. Daha sonra, başvuranlar askeri deneyimlerini sivil iş tanımlarına uyacak şekilde uyarlamalıdır.
Belirli bir iş açılışı veya alan araştırın. Hangi becerilere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu ve bunların ordudaki deneyimleriyle nasıl eşleştiğini belirleyin. Örneğin, Ordudaki bir helikopter pilotu hava ambulans hizmetleri, haberler ve hava istasyonları ile hatta savunma müteahhitleri ile iş arayabilirdi.
Önceki görevler veya görev turlarını, önceki istihdam için ayrılan özgeçmiş bölümünde listeleyiniz. İş açılışıyla en alakalı görevlerde edindiğiniz deneyim ve becerileri listeleyin.
Özellikle iş açılışına uygulanabilirlerse, orduda kazanılan ödülleri, madalyaları veya diğer ödülleri vurgulayın. Bu onur, hem sivil hem de askeri dünyalarda takdire şayan bir başarı olduğunuzu gösterir.
Askeri jargon kullanmayın. Çoğu sivil işveren askeri terimlere aşina olmayacağından, jargonu kolayca anlaşılabilir ifadelere ve açıklamalara çevirin.
Askerlik hizmetinin faydalarını ve boş pozisyonda olan bir şirkete nasıl yardımcı olabileceğini gösterin. Milyonlarca dolar değerinde ekipmanın bakımı veya izlenmesi gibi yüksek düzeyde sorumluluk gerektiren sonuç odaklı başarıları ve işleri vurgulayın.
Bahşiş
Özgeçmişiniz hakkında
|
5 | 2 | 0 |
results. While annual trade between the countries has soared during this period, from $20 billion to more than $100 billion, annual US-China trade is worth six times more, and the political relationship has had ups and downs.
The two countries have a long history of confusing each other. By definition, any alliance with a superpower is unequal; so efforts to establish close ties with the United States have long run up against India’s tradition of strategic autonomy. But Americans do not view democratic India as a threat. On the contrary, India’s success is an important US interest, and several factors promise a brighter future for the bilateral relationship.
The most important factor is the acceleration in India’s economic growth, which the International Monetary Fund projects will exceed 7.5% through 2020. For decades, India suffered from what some called the “Hindu rate of economic growth”: a little more than 1% per year. It might more properly have been called a 1930s British socialist rate of growth. After independence in 1947, India adopted an inward-looking planning system that focused on heavy industry.<|endoftext|>【新西兰生活网】英国首相在复活节周日从圣托马斯医院出院后，他对整个医护团队，包括新西兰的一名护士表示了感谢。
英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊（Boris Johnson）说：“毫无疑问，今天我已经离开了医院，医疗服务队伍为努力挽救我的生命忙了一个星期。”
约翰逊先生现在在他在白金汉郡的乡间别墅Chequers中休养，他向社交媒体表示感谢，感谢NHS员工挽救了他的生命，特别是一位新西兰的护士，她是二名护士中的一员，在约翰逊先生躺在病床上时没日没夜都照看着他。
“而且，我希望他们不介意我特别提到两位护士在我的床边站立了整整48小时，无论我当时的病情如何。他们是来自新西兰的珍妮（Jenny），确切地说是来自南岛的因弗卡吉尔（Invercargill ），以及从葡萄牙来的路易斯（Luis）。”
他补充说：“最终我开始需要吸氧，他们每天晚上都在密切关注着，他们在思考，他们在照料并进行我需要的干预。”
“所以我也知道，在美国，每天24小时，每小时都有成千上万的医务工作者，他们的行为与珍妮和路易斯一样谨慎，细致和精确。”
在约翰逊先生出院后几分钟之内，他怀孕的未婚妻凯莉·西蒙兹（Carrie Symonds）就发推说，她“感到非常幸运”，并赞扬了两名医务人员在最艰难的一周中所做的所有工作。
她在推特上说：“上周确实确实对我来说暗无天日。我为所有处于类似情况的人感到忧心，担心自己的亲人。”
约翰逊先生在上周末病情恶化后被送进了重症监护室。
新西兰总理雅辛达·阿尔登（Jacinda Ardern）表示已经看到首相鲍里斯·约翰逊对新西兰护士珍妮表示感谢的消息，她说她已经在脸书上与珍妮进行了联系。
政府发言人说：“根据他的医疗团队的建议，首相将不会立即恢复工作。”
目前，英国的冠状病毒死亡人数已有10,612人。<|endoftext|>The power of repentance can be seen in the history of our nation. In the midst of our civil war, in March of 1863, President Abraham Lincoln called for a “day of national humiliation, fasting and prayer.” He said he was motivated by the fact that through “the confession of the nation’s sins and transgressions in humble sorrow,” the Lord would show the nation “mercy and pardon.” Lincoln reminded people that the “Holy Scriptures” promise that “those nations only are blessed whose God is the Lord.”
He then proceeded to make one of the most insightful spiritual statements ever put into words by a President:1
And whereas it is the duty of nations as well as of men, to own their dependence upon the overruling power of God, to confess their sins and transgressions, in humble sorrow, yet with assured hope that genuine repentance will lead to mercy and pardon; and to recognize the sublime truth, announced in the Holy Scriptures and proven by all history, that those nations only are blessed whose God is the Lord.
And, insomuch as we know that, by His divine law, nations like individuals are subjected to punishments and chastisements in this world, may we not justly fear that the awful calamity of civil war, which now desolates the land, may be but a punishment, inflicted upon us, for our presumptuous sins, to the needful end of our national reformation as a whole People?
We have been the recipients of the choicest bounties of Heaven. We have been preserved, these many years, in peace and prosperity. We have grown in numbers, wealth and power, as no other nation has ever grown.
But we have forgotten God. We have forgotten the gracious hand which preserved us in peace, and multiplied and enriched and strengthened us; and we have vainly imagined, in the deceitfulness of our hearts, that all these blessings were produced by some superior wisdom and virtue of our own.
Intoxicated with unbroken success, we have become too self-sufficient to feel the necessity of redeeming and preserving grace, too proud to pray to the God that made us.
It behooves us then, to humble ourselves before the offended Power, to confess our national sins, and to pray for clemency and forgiveness.
Lincoln ended the proclamation by calling on all Americans to set aside the day of Thursday, April 30, 1863, as “a day of humiliation, fasting and prayer.” He urged them “to abstain on that day from their secular pursuits and to unite at their several places of public worship…”
Can you imagine an American President issuing such a proclamation today? Members of Congress would undoubtedly introduce motions for his impeachment, based upon his violation of “the separation of church and state.”
Our nation has secularized and paganized so quickly since the 1950s that most Americans today could not even conceive of a President calling the nation to prayer. Yet many did so, and some even offered public prayers themselves.
Take Franklin Roosevelt for example. As the D-Day landings were taking place on the French beaches of Normandy in June of 1944, President Roosevelt led the nation in prayer via a national radio broadcast. The prayer lasted 3 minutes and 36 seconds and included these words:2
Almighty God: Our sons, pride of our Nation, this day have set upon a mighty endeavor, a struggle to preserve our Republic, our religion, and our civilization, and to set free a suffering humanity.
Lead them straight and true; give strength to their arms, stoutness to their hearts, steadfastness in their faith.
They will need Thy blessings. Their road will be long and hard. For the enemy is strong. He may hurl back our forces. Success may not come with rushing speed, but we shall return again and again; and we know that by Thy grace, and by the righteousness of our cause, our sons will triumph…
I ask that our people devote themselves in a continuance of prayer. As we rise to each new day, and again when each day is spent, let words of prayer be on our lips, invoking Thy help to our efforts…
With Thy blessing, we shall prevail over the unholy forces of our enemy. Help us to conquer the apostles of greed and racial arrogancies. Lead us to the saving of our country…
Thy will be done, Almighty God. Amen.
Audio copies of this great prayer can be found all over the Internet. I urge you to find a copy and listen to it. It will thrill your soul. Yet, when the World War II Memorial was being planned for the mall in Washington, D.C., the Obama Administration successfully opposed any mention of the prayer or any quote from it.3
Another example of how far and how quickly our nation has strayed from God can be found in a speech given in 1954 by Chief Justice Earl Warren to the National Prayer Breakfast. Warren was the former Governor of California and was appointed Chief Justice by President Eisenhower in 1953. Warren had this to say about the heritage of our nation:4
I believe no one can read the history of our country without realizing that the Good Book and the spirit of the Savior have from the beginning been our guiding geniuses. Whether we look to the first charter of Virginia or the Charter of New England or the Charter of Massachusetts Bay or the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, the same objective is present — a Christian land governed by Christian principles.
I believe the entire Bill of Rights came into being because of the knowledge our forefathers had of the Bible and their belief in it…
I like to believe we are living today in the spirit of the Christian religion. I like also to believe that as long as we do so, no great harm can come to our country.
Again, can you imagine a Supreme Court nominee today speaking such words? He would be dismissed as a religious fanatic who was unworthy to serve our nation in the judiciary.
Or, consider the unanimous Supreme Court decision rendered in 1892 (Holy Trinity v United States) in which the Court stated that our nation was not only historically and culturally religious, but that its very system of government and laws was based on a Christian worldview. The Court declared, “This is a religious people… this is a Christian nation.”5
One hundred and fourteen years later, in 2006, President Obama joyfully and proudly declared, “Whatever we once were, we are no longer just a Christian nation; we are also a Jewish nation, a Muslim nation, a Buddhist nation, a Hindu nation, and a nation of nonbelievers.”6 He could have also added that we have become a nation of pagans.
There is no doubt that we have jettisoned our Christian heritage in favor of a society dominated by secularism and paganism. And we are reaping the consequences as we witness the moral collapse of our society.
In the third and final segment of our look at what America desperately needs, we’ll cover the warning given in Romans 1.
1) Abraham Lincoln, “Proclamation Appointing a National Fast Day,” www.
2) FDR Presidential Library, “Franklin Roosevelt’s D-Day Prayer,” http://docs.
3) Todd Starnes, “Obama Administration Opposes FDR Prayer at WWII Memorial,”
4) Roger Schultz, “A Christian America: Earl Warren and Our Christian Roots.”
5) Justia, “Church of the Holy Trinity v. United States 143 U.S. 457 (1892),”
6) Sojourners, “Transcript: Obama’s 2006 Sojourners Call to Renewal Address
on Faith and Politics,” https://sojo.net/articles/transcript-obamas-2006-sojourn<|endoftext|>@
摘要
Isida
Isida
Bashny.Net
漂亮的衣服。 12（很多图片）
Bashny.Net
延期
→
标签
照片，衣服
另请参见
新的!
订阅的一个摘要的最好的消息 Bashny.Net!
Ок
谢谢你!
你的电子邮件在5分钟内将收到的一封信的最后一步的订阅。
订阅我们的群体在社会网络！
bashny.net
新＆值得注意
莫吉廖夫地区小灵
致命的石头和矿物
从电影最生动的纹身（17张）
咖啡
可爱的女孩
罗恩阿特金森和他的家人，他的妻子Sunetra和美容的女儿莉莉。
迪士尼公主在现实中
梅里安姆Uzerli展示女儿照片
吃饱本身的负鼠
新＆值得注意
针织连衣裙的女孩
马拉Salvatrucha - 纹身
比利·米利根：在一个主体24个性
创意多毛的男人（17张）
在孟买的恐怖袭击（35张照片）
这是什么奇迹柴油？
冠军联赛：出名对所有参与者在四分之一决赛
什么稳定齐齐回家
25岁以下的男模特。<|endoftext|>Silos per dosaggio reagenti
Descrizione
Il sistema di iniezione calce viene studiato per la neutralizzazione dei composti acidi gassosi che vengono trascinati nei fumi dei forni fusori. È impiegato per alimentare i reagenti, quali calce idrata o carbone attivo, su impianti di aspirazione fumi dove vengono impiegati agenti base di cloro, o su impianti dove si sviluppano composti acidi. Il sistema è realizzato da un silo di stoccaggio reagenti di varie misure, da un sistema di scarico a coclea o con valvole automatiche e un microdosatore del reagente. La quantità di materiale da scaricare viene gestita per mezzo di motovariatori o tramite inverter e può essere fatta in automatico a ciclo continuo o parziale.
Applicazioni
Silo per il dosaggio di calce per le attività di scorifica per abbattimento HCL e HF.
Silo per il dosaggio di bicarbonato in polvere o granuli per abbattimento degli Sox derivanti dalla combustione.
Silo per dosaggio e iniezione dei carboni attivi in polvere per abbattimento delle Diossine derivanti dalla combustione.
Silo per stoccaggio materiali derivanti dai trasporti pneumatici.
<|endoftext|>من احسان دهباری هستم بچه سراوان.
برای کار به امارات رفته بودم که گیر مجاهدین و هوادارهای سازمان افتادم و به من گفتند اگر می خواهی کار کنی و پول بیشتری در بیاوری، با ما همکاری کن که بفرستیمت اروپا. من بعد از سه ماه که به امارات رفته بودم، با اینها آشنا شدم. من را به عراق فرستادند و به من قول پول دادند. گفتند اگر خوب کار کنی، هر ماه ۳۰۰۰ دلار و اگر کارت خوب نباشد ماهی ۱۰۰۰ دلار به تو می دهیم. من هم چون احتیاج به پول داشتم، رفتم با آنها همکاری کردم. موقعی که دیدم با دولت ایران دارند مبارزه می کنند و خیلی کثافت کاری داشتند، قبول نکردم. بعد بهم گفتند باید دو سال در خروجی بمانی و بعد ۸ سال می فرستیمت زندان ابوغریب، بعد از ۸ سال می فرستیمت ایران.من مجبور شدم صبر کنم تا خرداد ۸۴.
جنگ آمریکا و عراق شروع شد که ما را بردند زمین (منطقه پراکندگی)، بعد از زمین که آمدیم یکی دو ماه نشستیم توی ارتش، بعد درخواست انصراف نوشتیم، ولی بازهم قبول نکردند. آمریکایی ها آمدند با تک تک نفرات صحبت کردند و به نیروهای آمریکایی جریان را گفتم و گفتم که ما را به زور نگه داشتند که یک دری باز شد و ما را فرستادند بیرون. حدود ۱۷ ماه توی کمپ آمریکایی ها بودم که رهبری ایران به ما عفو داد و من بلند شدم و آمدم ایران. من می خواستم بروم اروپا ولی چون که رهبری عفو داده بود، برگشتم ایران که پیش خانواده ام زندگی کنم. اگر بشود هم از نیروهای آمریکایی شکایت دارم که خیلی مرا اذیت کردند و واقعاً خیلی سختی کشیدیم و هم از مجاهدین و مسعود رجوی و دار و دسته اش شکایت دارم. اگر دادگاهی بوجود بیاید که من این شکایتها را از آنها بکنم و خیلی چیزها از آنها دیدم که باید بگویم.<|endoftext|>Through the history of the evolution of the descriptions and definitions of type 2 diabetes, one can begin to understand the disease. First described in the Ebbers papyrus, diabetes is a disease that has affected mankind for more than three millennia. During the renaissance, the term diabetes was coined as a disease. This Word came from a Greek word that meant siphon or to pass through. Later, physicians would attribute this name to the manifestation of excessive urine. Years later, diabetes would be classified into two major groups, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes insipidus.
Diabetes insipidus is characterized by dilute urine without sugar. Contrasting with diabetes mellitus which did have sugar. This is reflected in the etymological descriptors of each disease, insipidus meaning insipid or tasteless and mellitus meaning sweet. It is odd to think of professionals, like a physician, would taste the urine of men, however, it has been said that before the advances in biochemistry, a urine-ant test would be performed. Urine would be left out on the outside for a certain time if it attracted ants this meant that sugar was present in the patient’s urine.
The difference between the two types was the origin of each. Diabetes insipidus is related to abnormal urine concentration abnormalities. While diabetes mellitus is directly associated with abnormalities in sugar blood levels. Afterward, it was observed that diabetes mellitus had several subtypes associated with its etiology, the most important subtypes being type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The initial difference was defined by the patient’s response to insulin. If the patient responded to insulin and this resulted in a decrease in glucose levels, the patient would be identified as insulin sensitive or type 1 diabetes. In contrast, type 2 diabetes patients would not respond to the administration of insulin.
A complete definition of type 2 diabetes is far from complete if only the historical context, previously mentioned, is described. In order to completely describe type 2 diabetes mellitus, it is essential to provide a definition associating the current research and current context of the disease. A conceptual definition of type 2 diabetes mellitus could be the following.
Type 2 diabetes is a disease resulting from the endocrine dysfunction of both the endocrine organ and the target organs which result in a chronic condition of hyperglycemia that is currently associated with this global chronic disease epidemic. Additionally, it is a disease with severe repercussions that can cause dysfunction in the diverse organ system leading to a decrease the quality of life or even death in some patients.
The essential process ongoing in type 2 diabetes mellitus is the dysfunction of the endocrine regulation of the patient’s glycemia. Two essential processes of glycemic regulation are disrupted in type 2 diabetes, a patient’s sensibility to insulin effects in diverse organs and the pancreatic beta-cell secretion of insulin.
In regular patients without type 2 diabetes, the variations in their glycemia are regulated through the following physiological process. First, after a meal two signals trigger the beta-cells to secrete insulin. The first signals originate from cells in the gastrointestinal tract which detect the contents of the meal and later relay messages to the pancreas that stimulate insulin secretion in the pancreatic beta-cells. These messages from the gastrointestinal tract are called the incretin hormones and include the glucagon-like peptide-1 and the gastrointestinal peptide
|
5 | 2 | 1 |
, the scientists told the students that the people bearing each name were famous in their home country, and asked them which ones the students were most familiar with. They found that the students were more likely to say they had heard of the person with an easy-to-pronounce name.<|endoftext|>Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood. It is one of three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum (ASDs), the other two being Asperger syndrome, which lacks delays in cognitive development and language, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (commonly abbreviated as PDD-NOS), which is diagnosed when the full set of criteria for autism or Asperger syndrome are not met.
Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations, or by rare combinations of common genetic variants. In rare cases, autism is strongly associated with agents that cause birth defects. Controversiessurround other proposed environmental causes, such as heavy metals, pesticides or childhood vaccines; the vaccine hypotheses are biologically implausible and lack convincing scientific evidence. The prevalence of autism is about 1–2 per 1,000 people worldwide; however, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports approximately 9 per 1,000 children in the United States are diagnosed with ASD. The number of people diagnosed with autism has increased dramatically since the 1980s, partly due to changes in diagnostic practice; the question of whether actual prevalence has increased is unresolved.
Parents usually notice signs in the first two years of their child’s life. The signs usually develop gradually, but some autistic children first develop more normally and then regress. Early behavioral or cognitive intervention can help autistic children gain self-care, social, and communication skills.Although there is no known cure, there have been reported cases of children who recovered. Not many children with autism live independently after reaching adulthood, though some become successful. An autistic culture has developed, with some individuals seeking a cure and others believing autism should be accepted as a difference and not treated as a disorder.
Autism is a highly variable neurodevelopmental disorder that first appears during infancy or childhood, and generally follows a steady course without remission. Overt symptoms gradually begin after the age of six months, become established by age two or three years, and tend to continue through adulthood, although often in more muted form. It is distinguished not by a single symptom, but by a characteristic triad of symptoms: impairments in social interaction; impairments in communication; and restricted interests and repetitive behavior. Other aspects, such as atypical eating, are also common but are not essential for diagnosis. Autism’s individual symptoms occur in the general population and appear not to associate highly, without a sharp line separating pathologically severe from common traits.
Social deficits distinguish autism and the related autism spectrum disorders (ASD; see Classification) from other developmental disorders. People with autism have social impairments and often lack the intuition about others that many people take for granted. Noted autistic Temple Grandin described her inability to understand the social communication of neurotypicals, or people with normal neural development, as leaving her feeling “like an anthropologist on Mars”.
Unusual social development becomes apparent early in childhood. Autistic infants show less attention to social stimuli, smile and look at others less often, and respond less to their own name. Autistic toddlers differ more strikingly from social norms; for example, they have less eye contact and turn taking, and do not have the ability to use simple movements to express themselves, such as the deficiency to point at things. Three- to five-year-old autistic children are less likely to exhibit social understanding, approach others spontaneously, imitate and respond to emotions, communicate nonverbally, and take turns with others. However, they do form attachments to their primary caregivers. Most autistic children display moderately less attachment security than non-autistic children, although this difference disappears in children with higher mental development or less severe ASD. Older children and adults with ASD perform worse on tests of face and emotion recognition.
Children with high-functioning autism suffer from more intense and frequent loneliness compared to non-autistic peers, despite the common belief that children with autism prefer to be alone. Making and maintaining friendships often proves to be difficult for those with autism. For them, the quality of friendships, not the number of friends, predicts how lonely they feel. Functional friendships, such as those resulting in invitations to parties, may affect the quality of life more deeply.
There are many anecdotal reports, but few systematic studies, of aggression and violence in individuals with ASD. The limited data suggest that, in children with mental retardation, autism is associated with aggression, destruction of property, and tantrums. A 2007 study interviewed parents of 67 children with ASD and reported that about two-thirds of the children had periods of severe tantrums and about one-third had a history of aggression, with tantrums significantly more common than in non-autistic children with language impairments. A 2008 Swedish study found that, of individuals aged 15 or older discharged from hospital with a diagnosis of ASD, those who committed violent crimes were significantly more likely to have other psychopathological conditions such aspsychosis.
About a third to a half of individuals with autism do not develop enough natural speech to meet their daily communication needs. Differences in communication may be present from the first year of life, and may include delayed onset of babbling, unusual gestures, diminished responsiveness, and vocal patterns that are not synchronized with the caregiver. In the second and third years, autistic children have less frequent and less diverse babbling, consonants, words, and word combinations; their gestures are less often integrated with words. Autistic children are less likely to make requests or share experiences, and are more likely to simply repeat others’ words (echolalia) or reverse pronouns. Joint attention seems to be necessary for functional speech, and deficits in joint attention seem to distinguish infants with ASD: for example, they may look at a pointing hand instead of the pointed-at object, and they consistently fail to point at objects in order to comment on or share an experience. Autistic children may have difficulty with imaginative play and with developing symbols into language.
In a pair of studies, high-functioning autistic children aged 8–15 performed equally well as, and adults better than, individually matched controls at basic language tasks involving vocabulary and spelling. Both autistic groups performed worse than controls at complex language tasks such as figurative language, comprehension and inference. As people are often sized up initially from their basic language skills, these studies suggest that people speaking to autistic individuals are more likely to overestimate what their audience comprehends.
Autistic individuals display many forms of repetitive or restricted behavior, which the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R) categorizes as follows.
- Stereotypy is repetitive movement, such as hand flapping, making sounds, head rolling, or body rocking.
- Compulsive behavior is intended and appears to follow rules, such as arranging objects in stacks or lines.
- Sameness is resistance to change; for example, insisting that the furniture not be moved or refusing to be interrupted.
- Ritualistic behavior involves an unvarying pattern of daily activities, such as an unchanging menu or a dressing ritual. This is closely associated with sameness and an independent validation has suggested combining the two factors.
- Restricted behavior is limited in focus, interest, or activity, such as preoccupation with a single television program, toy, or game.
- Self-injury includes movements that injure or can injure the person, such as eye poking, skin picking, hand biting, and head banging. A 2007 study reported that self-injury at some point affected about 30% of children with ASD.
No single repetitive or self-injurious behavior seems to be specific to autism, but only autism appears to have an elevated pattern of occurrence and severity of these behaviors.
Autistic individuals may have symptoms that are independent of the diagnosis, but that can affect the individual or the family. An estimated 0.5% to 10% of individuals with ASD show unusual abilities, ranging from splinter skills such as the memorization of trivia to the extraordinarily rare talents of prodigious autistic savants. Many individuals with ASD show superior skills in perception and attention, relative to the general population. Sensory abnormalities are found in over 90% of those with autism, and are considered core features by some, although there is no good evidence that sensory symptoms differentiate autism from other developmental disorders. Differences are greater for under-responsivity (for example, walking into things) than for over-responsivity (for example, distress from loud noises) or for sensation seeking (for example, rhythmic movements). An estimated 60%–80% of autistic people have motor signs that include poor muscle tone, poor motor planning, and toe walking; deficits in motor coordination are pervasive across ASD and are greater in autism proper.
Unusual eating behavior occurs in about three-quarters of children with ASD, to the extent that it was formerly a diagnostic indicator. Selectivity is the most common problem, although eating rituals and food refusal also occur; this does not appear to result in malnutrition. Although some children with autism also have gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, there is a lack of published rigorous data to support the theory that autistic children have more or different GI symptoms than usual; studies report conflicting results, and the relationship between GI problems and ASD is unclear.
Parents of children with ASD have higher levels of stress. Siblings of children with ASD report greater admiration of and less conflict with the affected sibling than siblings of unaffected children or those with Down syndrome; siblings of individuals with ASD have greater risk of negative well-being and poorer sibling relationships as adults.
Autism is one of the five pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), which are characterized by widespread abnormalities of social interactions and communication, and severely restricted interests and highly repetitive behavior. These symptoms do not imply sickness, fragility, or emotional disturbance.
Of the five PDD forms, Asperger syndrome is closest to autism in signs and likely causes; Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder share several signs with autism, but may have unrelated causes; PDD not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS; also called atypical autism) is diagnosed when the criteria are not met for a more specific disorder. Unlike with autism, people with Asperger syndrome have no substantial delay in language development. The terminology of autism can be bewildering, with autism, Asperger syndrome and PDD-NOS often called the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or sometimes the autistic disorders, whereas autism itself is often called autistic disorder, childhood autism, or infantile autism. In this article, autism refers to the classic autistic disorder; in clinical practice, though, autism, ASD, and PDD are often used interchangeably. ASD, in turn, is a subset of the broader autism phenotype, which describes individuals who may not have ASD but do have autistic-like traits, such as avoiding eye contact.
The manifestations of autism cover a wide spectrum, ranging from individuals with severe impairments—who may be silent, mentally disabled, and locked into hand flapping and rocking—to high functioning individuals who may have active but distinctly odd social approaches, narrowly focused interests, and verbose, pedantic communication. Because the behavior spectrum is continuous, boundaries between diagnostic categories are necessarily somewhat arbitrary. Sometimes the syndrome is divided into low-, medium- or high-functioning autism (LFA, MFA, and HFA), based on IQthresholds, or on how much support the individual requires in daily life; these subdivisions are not standardized and are controversial. Autism can also be divided into syndromal and non-syndromal autism; the syndromal autism is associated with severe or profound mental retardation or a congenital syndrome with physical symptoms, such as tuberous sclerosis. Although individuals with Asperger syndrome tend to perform better cognitively than those with autism, the extent of the overlap between Asperger syndrome, HFA, and non-syndromal autism is unclear.
Some studies have reported diagnoses of autism in children due to a loss of language or social skills, as opposed to a failure to make progress, typically from 15 to 30 months of age. The validity of this distinction remains controversial; it is possible that regressive autism is a specific subtype, or that there is a continuum of behaviors between autism with and without regression.
Research into causes has been hampered by the inability to identify biologically meaningful subpopulations and by the traditional boundaries between the disciplines of psychiatry, psychology,neurology and pediatrics. Newer technologies such as fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging can help identify biologically relevant phenotypes (observable traits) that can be viewed on brain scans, to help further neurogenetic studies of autism; one example is lowered activity in the fusiform face area of the brain, which is associated with impaired perception of people versus objects. It has been proposed to classify autism using genetics as well as behavior.
It has long been presumed that there is a common cause at the genetic, cognitive, and neural levels for autism’s characteristic triad of symptoms. However, there is increasing suspicion that autism is instead a complex disorder whose core aspects have distinct causes that often co-occur.
Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by rare mutations with major effects, or by rare multigene interactions of common genetic variants. Complexity arises due to interactions among multiple genes, the environment, and epigenetic factors which do not change DNA but are heritable and influence gene expression. Studies of twins suggest that heritability is 0.7 for autism and as high as 0.9 for ASD, and siblings of those with autism are about 25 times more likely to be autistic than the general population.However, most of the mutations that increase autism risk have not been identified. Typically, autism cannot be traced to a Mendelian (single-gene) mutation or to a single chromosome abnormality like fragile X syndrome, and none of the genetic syndromes associated with ASDs have been shown to selectively cause ASD. Numerous candidate genes have been located, with only small effects attributable to any particular gene. The large number of autistic individuals with unaffected family members may result from copy number variations—spontaneous deletions or duplications in genetic material duringmeiosis. Hence, a substantial fraction of autism cases may be traceable to genetic causes that are highly heritable but not inherited: that is, the mutation that causes the autism is not present in the parental genome.
Several lines of evidence point to synaptic dysfunction as a cause of autism. Some rare mutations may lead to autism by disrupting some synaptic pathways, such as those involved with cell adhesion. Gene replacement studies in mice suggest that autistic symptoms are closely related to later developmental steps that depend on activity in synapses and on activity-dependent changes. All known teratogens (agents that cause birth defects) related to the risk of autism appear to act during the first eight weeks from conception, and though this does not exclude the possibility that autism can be initiated or affected later, it is strong evidence that autism arises very early in development.
Although evidence for other environmental causes is anecdotal and has not been confirmed by reliable studies, extensive searches are underway. Environmental factors that have been claimed to contribute to or exacerbate autism, or may be important in future research, include certain foods, infectious disease, heavy metals, solvents, diesel exhaust, PCBs, phthalates and phenols used inplastic products, pesticides, brominated flame retardants, alcohol, smoking, illicit drugs, vaccines, and prenatal stress, although no links have been found, and some have been completely disproven.
Parents may first become aware of autistic symptoms in their child around the time of a routine vaccination. This has led to unsupported theories blaming vaccine “overload”, a vaccine preservative, or the MMR vaccine for causing autism. The latter theory was supported by a litigation-funded study that has since been shown to have been “an elaborate fraud”. Although these theories lack convincing scientific evidence and are biologically implausible, parental concern about a potential vaccine link with autism has led to lower rates of childhood immunizations, outbreaks of previously controlled childhood diseases in some countries, and the preventable deaths of several children.
Autism’s symptoms result from maturation-related changes in various systems of the brain. How autism occurs is not well understood. Its mechanism can be divided into two areas: thepathophysiology of brain structures and processes associated with autism, and the neuropsychological linkages between brain structures and behaviors. The behaviors appear to have multiple pathophysiologies.
Unlike many other brain disorders such as Parkinson’s, autism does not have a clear unifying mechanism at either the molecular, cellular, or systems level; it is not known whether autism is a few disorders caused by mutations converging on a few common molecular pathways, or is (like intellectual disability) a large set of disorders with diverse mechanisms. Autism appears to result from developmental factors that affect many or all functional brain systems,and to disturb the timing of brain development more than the final product. Neuroanatomical studies and the associations with teratogens strongly suggest that autism’s mechanism includes alteration of brain development soon after conception. This anomaly appears to start a cascade of pathological events in the brain that are significantly influenced by environmental factors. Just after birth, the brains of autistic children tend to grow faster than usual, followed by normal or relatively slower growth in childhood. It is not known whether early overgrowth occurs in all autistic children. It seems to be most prominent in brain areas underlying the development of higher cognitive specialization. Hypotheses for the cellular and molecular bases of pathological early overgrowth include the following:
- An excess of neurons that causes local overconnectivity in key brain regions.
- Disturbed neuronal migration during early gestation.
- Unbalanced excitatory–inhibitory networks.
- Abnormal formation of synapses and dendritic spines, for example, by modulation of the neurexin–neuroligin cell-adhesion system, or by poorly regulated synthesis of synaptic proteins. Disrupted synaptic development may also contribute to epilepsy, which may explain why the two conditions are associated.
Interactions between the immune system and the nervous system begin early during the embryonic stage of life, and successful neurodevelopment depends on a balanced immune response. It is possible that aberrant immune activity during critical periods of neurodevelopment is part of the mechanism of some forms of ASD. Although some abnormalities in the immune system have been found in specific subgroups of autistic individuals, it is not known whether these abnormalities are relevant to or secondary to autism’s disease processes. As autoantibodies are found in conditions other than ASD, and are not always present in ASD, the relationship between immune disturbances and autism remains unclear and controversial.
The relationship of neurochemicals to autism is not well understood; several have been investigated, with the most evidence for the role of serotonin and of genetic differences in its transport. Others have pointed to a role for group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) in the pathogenesis of one type of autism, Fragile X. Some data suggest an increase in several growth hormones; other data argue for diminished growth factors. Also, some inborn errors of metabolism are associated with autism but probably account for less than 5% of cases.
The mirror neuron system (MNS) theory of autism hypothesizes that distortion in the development of the MNS interferes with imitation and leads to autism’s core features of social impairment and communication difficulties. The MNS operates when an animal performs an action or observes another animal perform the same action. The MNS may contribute to an individual’s understanding of other people by enabling the modeling of
|
5 | 2 | 2 |
'inizio non accettano, tutti devono iniziare a discutere di qualsiasi cambiamento allo status quo di bitcoin, che richiede un nodo completo e la custodia delle chiavi private, attraverso la scelta: 'bitcoin o shitcoin?'. Bitcoin diventa una funzione forzante nelle discussioni economiche pure su quale asset scegliere per scopi monetari. Coloro che iniziano a scegliere bitcoin per qualsiasi motivo, si trovano a percorrere una strada che, per forza di cose, rafforza la loro determinazione a mantenere bitcoin esattamente com'è, che per sua stessa natura è una presa di posizione implicita o esplicita contro ogni e qualsiasi doppia spesa e contraffazione.
Chi adotta bitcoin vede un drastico aumento a lungo termine del potere d'acquisto dei propri risparmi [se mantenuti in fiat, n.d.t.]. Aumenta la certezza sullo stato e sul valore del proprio denaro e della propria rete monetaria, l'accesso ai propri fondi e la capacità di liquidarli. Ogni crescita segnala un successo che serve ad aumentare la credibilità per gli altri, ogni ordine di grandezza di crescita invia un segnale di capacità uguale se non maggiore. Partendo da un singolo utente, questo processo ha portato a una rete globale con migliaia di nodi, centinaia di miliardi di dollari di valore e interi stati nazionali che hanno aderito. Nel corso del tempo, c'è solo una risposta alla domanda 'bitcoin o shitcoin?'
Dopo aver posto le basi per risolvere il problema della proprietà, della doppia spesa e dell'emissione a tutti i livelli di attacco, la rete bitcoin doveva crescere economicamente, tanto da incoraggiare le persone a valutarla come denaro. E la capacità stessa di bitcoin di resistere a questi attacchi, che lo fanno considerare di poter diventare una valuta di riserva globale, deve aver richiesto un numero sufficiente di persone in possesso delle chiavi e che gestiscono nodi completi per mantenere un tale ordine.
Strategia Bitcoin per la pace nel mondo
Avendo creato una nuova valuta di riserva globale, costruita su una tecnologia monetaria superiore per vendibilità a tutte le dimensioni, l'umanità sarà passata a un sistema operativo economico fondamentalmente migliore. Le carenze dell'oro saranno state colmate e la facilità e i vantaggi introdotti dalle valute fiat saranno stati adottati senza bisogno di terze parti fidate. L'economia crescerebbe a un ritmo più veloce, grazie a una divisione del lavoro più ampia e più cooperativa, che a sua volta potrebbe anche essere rafforzata da ulteriori innovazioni software, a potenziare le capacità tecnologiche di bitcoin.
In un mondo futuro di questo tipo, la dipendenza da bitcoin crescerà necessariamente, radicando gli attori economici in una cultura che fa ciò che è necessario per garantirne la sicurezza.
Senza più capacità di doppia spesa e contraffazione, il monopolio dello stato sul denaro cesserà di esistere, poiché nessuno avrà più domanda per i suoi servizi. Senza il loro mezzo più redditizio per ridistribuire la ricchezza, questo creerà maggiore produttività nell'economia, sottraendo meno risorse alle attività produttive. Questa crescita sarà amplificata dal fatto che le stesse risorse non verranno ridistribuite a persone e istituzioni che le utilizzano per creare un sostegno ideologico alla ridistribuzione stessa. La conquista militare diminuirà, poiché i costi della guerra dovranno essere pagati in maniera più diretta, e l'imperialismo monetario non avrà alcuno scopo, poiché nessun popolo sarà disposto ad adottare una shitcoin.
Coloro che prima erano inclini a finanziare le loro imprese attraverso la contraffazione e l'inflazione avranno ora un meccanismo alternativo per guidare le loro azioni. Soprattutto perché la capacità produttiva dell'economia aumenta a un ritmo più rapido, il crescente potere d'acquisto di ogni unità di bitcoin significa che ogni aspirante inflazionista deve ora scegliere tra l'imbrogliare bitcoin e combattere contro un sistema monetario che non può perdere.
Dal blocco genesi di bitcoin, l'umanità non ha più bisogno di affidarsi a terzi per gestire uno strumento vitale come il denaro. L'umanità può ora gestire i propri nodi e detenere le proprie chiavi, mantenendo una vigilanza perpetua sul proprio denaro e utilizzandolo come meglio crede.
La rivoluzione industriale ha liberato l'umanità dalla trappola malthusiana. Bitcoin, avendo posto fine alla contraffazione una volta per tutte, ci libera dalla trappola fiat.
[3] Si veda Capitalism by George Reisman, p. 621. Si veda inoltre “Prices, Wages, and Labor” in The Church and the Market di Thomas E. Woods, Jr., e “How Capitalism Enriched the Working Class” in How Capitalism Saved America di Thomas J. DiLorenzo.
[12] Un nodo pruned può scartare i dati che sono già stati verificati e non sono necessari per ulteriori verifiche, ma i nodi di archiviazione conservano intere copie della blockchain per una registrazione permanente.
[13] Per una descrizione più dettagliata della convalida delle transazioni e dei blocchi, si veda “Protocol Rules” su Bitcoin Wiki.
Opinions expressed are entirely by original authors or translators and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Bitcoiners Initiative. EB only provides a platform for free publishing and education.<|endoftext|>Halk Bankası’nın 80’inci yılı kutlanıyor. Halk Bankası önemli bir bankadır. Halk Bankası diğer bankalardan farklı bir bankadır. Özelliği olan bir bankadır.
Ben Mülkiye’de öğrenci iken Halk Bankası’nda çalışmaya başladım. Küçük sanayi kredileri müdürlüğüne kadar yükseldikten sonra DPT’ye geçtim. İmkan oldukça (tekrarlasam da) Halk Bankası’nın farkını, özelliklerini anlatmaya çalışırım.
“Sattığını sermayesinden ziyade emeğiyle istihsal eden veya bizzat istihsal ettiğini satan küçük ve orta çaplı üreticinin kredi ihtiyacını” diğer bankalardan temin edemediğini gören Herman Schulze Delitzsch (1808-1883) isimli bir Alman kooperatifçi, 1850 yılında Almanya’da ilk “Halk Kredisi Sandığı”nı kurdu. “Halk Sandıkları” Avrupa ülkelerinde hızla yayıldı. Zamanla bankaya dönüştü.
Tuna Valiliği sırasında Avrupa’da olanı biteni gören Mithat Paşa, 1863 yılında “Memleket Sandığı”nı kurdu. 1888 yılında “Menafi Sandıkları” kurulmaya başlandı.
Uzun bir aradan sonra, 1933 yılında Mustafa Kemal, ülkedeki küçük üreticinin ve esnafın kredi sorunlarını çözmek arayışında Avrupa’daki “Halk Sandıkları” modeline dayalı Halk Sandıkları ve Halk Bankası Kanunu’nu çıkarttı.
Avrupa’daki modeline göre Türkiye’de de mahalli müteşebbislerin, mahalli sermayeyle halk sandıklarını kurmaları, halk bankasının ise bir halk sandıkları merkez bankası gibi bu sandıkları desteklemesi öngörülüyordu.
Ama Halk Sandıkları ve Halk Bankası, 1938 yılında faaliyete geçebildi. Ankara, İstanbul ve İzmir’de kurulan Halk Sandıkları, bölgelerindeki, dokumacıların, küçük sanat kooperatiflerinin ve küçük üreticilerin üretimlerini destekledi.
1950’den sonra Celal Bayar ve Adnan Menderes, Halk Bankası’na ilgi gösterdiler, önem verdiler. Halk Bankası, Demokrat Parti iktidarı döneminde Küçük Sanat Kooperatifleri’nin, Esnaf Dernekleri’nin, Esnaf Kefalet Kooperatifleri’nin kurulmasını, ülkeye yayılmasını sağladı.
Küçük sanayiciyi, küçük sanat erbabını ve esnafı kredilendiren, küçük sanayinin çağdaş makinelerle tanışmasına imkân veren, küçük sanayiden KOBİ’ye geçişinin yolunu açan banka oldu.
Anadolu’da bugün gelişen, büyüyen imalat sanayinin temelinde Halk Bankası kredilerinin büyük payı vardır. Türkiye’de orta sınıfın güçlenmesinde, esnaflıktan üretime geçmesinde Halk Bankası kredileri etkili olmuştur.
Bugün sanayide en ileri aşamaya gelmiş Avrupa ülkelerinde bile halk bankaları küresel alanda ün yapmış dev bankalar yanında yaşamaya devam ediyor.
Avrupa ülkelerinde, Kuzey Afrika ülkelerinde ve Kanada’da halk bankaları (oralarda bunlara ‘banque populaire’ deniliyor) ekonominin, finans sisteminin önemli kuruluşları olarak faaliyetlerine sürdürüyor. Halk Bankası’nda çalışırken, esnaf derneklerinin esnaf kefalet kooperatiflerinin, küçük sanayi sitelerinin kuruluşunda görev ve sorumluluk üstlendim. Benim ilk kitabım halk bankaları ve halk kredisi üzerinedir.
(Halk Kredisi ve Türkiye’de Tatbii ki, Ege Matbaası, 1955)
Halk Bankası’nın 70’inci yılı kutlanırken Nusret Uzgören, Halit Taşçıoğlu, Rahmi Önen gibi ilk genel müdürlerinin, bankanın ve esnaf dernekleri ile kefalet kooperatiflerinin kurulmasında ve gelişmesinde emeği geçenlerin hatırlanması iyi olur. Çünkü kurum hafızası olmazsa, yıllar geçse de kurumsallaşma gerçekleşemez. Bunu unutmamak gerekir.
Halk Bankası’nın “misyonu” sona ermedi. Halk Bankası, diğer bankalarla aynı kulvarda rekabete girecek yerde, farklılığını korumak zorundadır. Kuruluş amacı doğrultusunda faaliyetini sürdürdüğünde, orta sınıfın üretime ve istihdama katkısının artmasını sağlayacaktır.<|endoftext|>هنگامی که ما میگوییم: «من با این استدلال شما قانع یا متقاعد شدم.» و یا «من با این استدلال شما ترغیب شدم.» آیا مراد این است که استدلال شما یعنی دلایلی که شما اقامه کردهاید دارای ممیزاتی است که هر کس آنها را بشنود یا بخواند قانع (متقاعد) یا ترغیب میشود؟
به عبارتی دیگر، آیا ما باید از قانع(متقاعد)کنندگی یا ترغیبکنندگی استدلالها و میزان آن پرسش کنیم؟ در این صورت، آیا تاکنون در مناقشات فلسفی و یا مباحثات و مناظرات نظری در خانواده علوماجتماعی مشاهده کردهایم که استدلالی توانسته باشد اولاً، همهی مباحثین و مناظرین موضوع مناقشه را قانع (متقاعد) یا ترغیب کرده باشد؟ و ثانیاً، به یک میزان قانع و ترغیب کرده باشد؟
گمان میکنم پاسخ منفی به هر دو سؤال برای همگان روشن باشد. آنچه اما مهم است مورد تأمل قرار گیرد این است که چرا؟ چرا در طول تاریخِ طولانی نظریهپردازیها و اخذ مواضع فلسفی، و در طول تاریخ نه چندان طولانی علوماجتماعی، هیچ موضوعی را نمیتوان یافت که برای آن استدلال یا استدلالهایی شده باشد و آن استدلال یا استدلالها تمام مخاطبان خود را قانع یا ترغیب کرده باشد؟ نه تنها از اقناع و ترغیبشدگی فراگیر هیچ سراغی در هیچ موضوع و موضعی نمیتوان یافت که قابلتأملتر، اگر کاوش تاریخی خود را قدری صبورانهتر صورت بخشیم به نحو شگفتانگیزی درمییابیم که هیچ استدلال معین و خاصی را نمیتوان در دو خانوادهی بزرگ فلسفه و علوماجتماعی یافت که با تعدادی کم و اکثراً زیاد از انواع استدلالهای مخالف و معارض و مغایر یا بطور خلاصه، ضد استدلال مواجه نشده باشد.
یک پاسخ ممکن، و شاید هم مطرحشده، این است: برای اینکه آن استدلال(های) ناکام، همهی ممیزات تمامعیار استدلالی که بتواند همه مباحثین و مناظرین را قانع و یا ترغیب کند، نداشته است. روشن است که این سخن میتواند به برداشتی همانگویانه تن بدهد. یعنی، اگر در پاسخ این سؤال که: کدام استدلال واجد همهی ممیزات تمامعیار استدلال است، گفته شود استدلالی که بتواند همه مباحثین و مناظرین را قانع یا ترغیبکند؛ و اگر در پاسخ این سؤال که: کدام استدلال میتواند همه مباحثین و مناظرین را قانع یا ترغیب کند، گفته شود استدلالی که واجد همهی ممیزات تمامعیار استدلال باشد، واضح است که دربارهی چیستی استدلال و اقناع و ترغیبکنندگی آن هیچ سخنی نگفتهایم.
با این وصف چه کنیم؟ اگر بخواهیم پاسخ ممکن بالا را از برداشت همانگویانه نجات بدهیم باید چه کنیم؟ یک پاسخ ممکن، و شاید هم مطرحشده، این است که مبادرت به تعیین ممیزات تمامعیار آن استدلالی کنیم که بتواند همه را قانع و یا ترغیب کند. روشن است که در اینجا به گونهای دست به گریبان مُثُل استدلال شدهایم، و حال آنکه متأسفانه کماکان در آن غار معروف گرفتار و دربند هستیم. و در بند غاربودن هم یعنی «هر که از ظن خود شد «حکیم» مُثلشناس». و «هر که از ظن خود شد «حکیم» مُثلشناس» هم یعنی همین اقیانوس موّاجِ بیقرارِ بیکرانِ بلاضابطهی فرجامناپذیرِ ظنّیات و حدسیات پایانناپذیرِ بیسامان و موقتی قشون «حکیمان». و ظنون «حکیمان» هم یعنی همان موجوداتی که در تحلیل نهایی مولود و محصول تعلّقات و تمنّیات توبرتو و ذوسطوح «حکیمانی» است که حکمت را میخواهند خود با تعقّل و استدلالهای خود بسازند و یا، اگر قدری تواضع به خرج دهند، میخواهند خود با تعقّل و استدلالهای خود بیابند. و این، به نوبهی خود، یعنی به تعداد فیلسوفانی که دربارهی مُثلِ استدلال، به تأمل و نظریهپردازی نشستهاند با «مُثلها»ی استدلال مواجه میشویم. مُثلهایی که در خوشبینانهترین حالت تنها از شباهت خانوادگی ویتگنشتاینی برخوردار هستند. و این تازه آغاز ماجراست! زیرا هریک از «مثلها»ی استدلال با فوجی از انواع ضداستدلالهای سایر «حکیمان» مثلشناس مواجه میشوند. حاصل جمع یا فرجام نهایی این استدلالها و ضداستدلالها دربارهی مُثل استدلال، میشود بخشی از همان اقیانوس مواج بیقرار فرجامناپذیر. یعنی، همین وضع موجود فلسفه! اگر قدری سر خود را از لاک آرام بخش خود و بافتههای قبیلهی خود بیرون ببریم و موضوعی را چند صباحی مورد پژوهش جدی قراردهیم به تدریج متوجه خواهیم شد که این کاخهای مولود تعقّل و استدلال بر چه نوع بنیانی برافراشته شدهاند.
البته یک امکان دیگر هم وجود دارد و آن اینکه «حکیم» ما موضع خود دربارهی مُثل استدلال -همان استدلالِ بطور آفاقی معتبر- را معتبر و درست اعلام کند و از آنِ دیگران را نامعتبر و دچار ظنونِ حاصل از آن غار جفاکار ساتر حقایق، و البته برای اعتبار موضع خود و بیاعتباری یا کذب مواضع دیگران هم استدلال کند، آری استدلال!2
اما این شیوهی کار و این نوع موضعگیری دارای دو معضلهی جدید است. نخست اینکه این منهاج بر روی سایر «حکیمانِ» حکمتساز یا حکمتباف باز است. و نه تنها باز است که سایر حکمتسازان/ بافان هم دقیقاً مبادرت به همین شیوهی کار کردهاند. و روشن است که مفتوح بودن این باب بر روی سایر «حکما» چه تبعاتی دارد. ثانیاً، اینک که «حکیم» ما ممیزات تمامعیار آن استدلالی را تعیین کرده که بتواند همه را قانع یا ترغیب کند، از خود سؤال کنیم: آیا الگوی استدلال معتبر وی توانسته پس از بکارگیری، همه را قانع یا ترغیب کند؟ روشن است که این سؤال متفاوت از سؤال فلسفهشناسانه یا متافلسفیای است که در بحث مُثلهای استدلالِ رقیب در بالا به تحلیل بدان پرداختیم. پاسخ این سؤال اخیر هم روشن است.
تحلیل خود را با این سؤال آغاز کردیم: «هنگامی که ما میگوییم: «من با این استدلال شما قانع یا متقاعد شدم»، آیا مراد این است که استدلال شما یعنی دلایلی که شما اقامه کردهاید دارای ممیزاتی است که هر کس آنها را بشنود یا بخواند قانع(متقاعد) یا ترغیب میشود؟ به عبارتی دیگر، آیا ما باید از قانع(متقاعد)کنندگی یا ترغیبکنندگی استدلالها و میزان آن پرسش کنیم؟». سپس، این سؤال مهم را مورد کاوش قراردادیم که: چرا هیچ موضوعی را نمیتوان در فلسفه و علوماجتماعی یافت که برای آن استدلال(هایی) شده باشد و آن استدلال(ها) تمام مخاطبان خود را قانع یا ترغیب کرده باشد؟ کاوش تحلیلی ما نشان داد که هر نوع تلاش متافلسفی جهت تعیین مُثل، الگو یا پارادایم استدلال به نحوی که توان قانعکنندگی یا ترغیبکنندگی فراگیر داشته باشد با معضلات متعددی مواجه میشود. اینک:
1. آیا به نظر نمیرسد که طرح سؤال از قانع(متقاعد)کنندگی یا ترغیبکنندگی استدلالها، به
|
5 | 2 | 3 |
vuruları, krediye erişimi olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bankalar, borçlanma kapasitesini hesaplarken birçok faktörü değerlendirir. Birden fazla bankaya yapılan başvurular, bireyin toplam borç yükünü artırabilir ve bankaların kredi verme konusunda temkinli davranmasına sebep olabilir. Dolayısıyla, çoklu kredi başvuruları, kredi talebinin reddedilme riskini artırabilir.
Aynı zamanda, çoklu kredi başvuruları finansal açıdan da zorluklar yaratabilir. Her başvuru için bankalar tarafından belirlenen işlem ücretleri veya masrafları düşünüldüğünde, birden fazla kredi başvurusu maliyetli bir süreç olabilir. Ayrıca, birden fazla kredi geri ödeme planının takibi ve organize edilmesi de zorlu bir sorun haline gelebilir.
Çoklu kredi başvurularının bankalar nezdinde bazı olumsuz sonuçları olabilir. Kredi puanının düşmesi, krediye erişimin zorlaşması ve finansal zorluklar bu durumun başlıca sonuçları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu nedenle, bireylerin kredi başvurularını dikkatli bir şekilde planlamaları ve gereksiz başvurulardan kaçınmaları önemlidir. Kredi başvurularının dikkatli ve kontrollü bir şekilde yapılması, finansal hedeflere ulaşma şansını artırabilir ve olumsuz sonuçların önüne geçebilir.
Önceki Yazılar:
- Ntc Ptc Teknolojilerinde Entegre Dünyası Sektörde Rakipsiz Kalıyor
- DDOS Attacks on Healthcare Risks to Patient Data and Safety
- Ride in Style Antalyas VIP Transfer Chronicles
- Trabzon Beşikdüzü SEO ve SEM Uzmanı
- Mardin Dargeçit Arama Motoru Optimizasyonu
Sonraki Yazılar:<|endoftext|>Flying Fever Elementary Pilot Course June 2014
Maurice Geraghty - Flying Fever teaching with Sunsoar paragliding
Flying Fever Trip to Spain 2014 30 seconds!
A students flying video of their day with Flying Fever in April 2013
Flying Fever Paragliding Funday / Tandem
Weather Hazards - Strong winds
Weather Hazards - Cumulonimbus Avoidance
Paragliding Airlaw Collision Avoidance
Airflow - very good video
Weather Videos from the Met Office you can get more info from their website http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/learning/learn-about-the-weather
What Are Weather Fronts?
What Are Air Masses?
Cloud Spotting Guide
Depressions - low pressure
What is Precipitation?
What are hurricanes, typhoons and tropical cyclones?<|endoftext|>The first time was used the term "hacker", it described a person who liked to understand computers and all its capabilities, not just the minimum knowledge needed to use it. Nowadays the term has taken a negative connotation in spite of it was positive. Most people see hackers as villains who have one goal in life, namely to invade their computers and steal everything they find.
The first hacking attempts were actually tiny jokes without any malicious intent and merely to arouse laughter. Over time, these jokes have become serious problems in some systems security. As these malicious activities were becoming increasingly frequent and popular media used the term "hacker" to describe cyber criminal perpetrator instead. Thus hackers have become…show more content… The difference makes the first legal plan can not be found. The main aim of cybercriminals is to cause as much damage a man, a company and a steal as much information as beneficial for him. The goal is a professional ethical hacker. He is hired by a company to test security in order to be ready for future attacks. We can say that it is a preventive measure. Another major difference between the two camps is that cybercrime needs to test the system until he finds one that breach them meet goals while ethical hacker must test the system for all existing security breaches to time. Just so it can say that the system is perfectly secure when that time it was…show more content… This sharing of information accumulated over time is the main fear is that when an employer is thinking of contacting an ethical hacker.
In terms of time, we must distance ourselves from what we see in movies. Hackers ethics require time, effort and patience to do the work and working at full capacity. While in the movies all the hacking activity is done in seconds, minutes, in real life things tend to occupy much time can take several days, sometimes even a week. Sometimes unforeseen circumstances arise or new to be treated with maximum care and so it takes even longer. It adds a necessary period for studying each system, checks before starting the actual act of ethical hacking.
It is much easier to become a cyber criminal than an ethical hacker. Anyone can learn techniques penetration systems and applications. It is much harder to know them all and to know how to combat them all. Thus the job of a hacker ethic is very heavy, he must study in detail all the activities that we undertake a cyber criminal. He also must learn and be able to predict how it will operate a cyber criminal and how many ways you can stop him before he could act, or while<|endoftext|>Albany, New York (PRWEB) July 03, 2014
Besides the many complexities involved in the generation of power, a major challenge that every utility company faces is deciding on the amount of power to be generated and distributed on the grid on any typical day. Making sure that the right amount of power is generated and distributed is critical for the grid infrastructure – too much power can destroy the electronics and less power can result in power fluctuations and brownouts in many regions.
Browse full Energy Storage Technologies Market Report: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/energy-storage-technologies-market.html.
It is thus necessary to either accurately measure power requirements/demands or employ ways to store the surplus amount of power generated on any typical day. However, it is quite obvious that accurate measurement of power requirements by end users cannot be made – only predictions can be made by using past-data and some complex formulas. And so, storage technologies are the only ways to manage disproportion in the amount of power generated and distributed.
Energy storage facilities are very essential for the proper working of traditional energy sources such as natural gas or coal-based power plants. Such plants require a large amount of time as well as money to turn on and off. The slow ramp-up times of these bulk-power generation facilities is also a big issue – proper response to sudden rise in power demands is never possible, potentially resulting in brownouts and poor quality of power. And so it is always feasible for such plants to generate energy in bulk and store it for future use.
For further information, ask here: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/sample/sample.php?flag=B&rep_id=128.
Storage technologies are also becoming increasingly popular due to a rise in the use of renewable energy sources. As is often stated, these energy sources are of intermittent nature, i.e., one can only generate solar power when the sun is shining or wind power when winds are blowing. By storing the power thus generated and using it as per demands, energy storage technologies can continue to power the grid even when it is not possible to generate the power, for instance when the sun is not shining or the winds are not blowing.
But storage of power from a variety of sources is not the only use of energy storage technologies. Storage technologies also improve the quality of power by regulating frequencies, and allow the generation of power in bulk when times are most efficient and processes are cheapest. Altogether, energy storage technologies allow today’s electrical systems to run more efficiently, which directly results in lower prices, more reliability and lesser emissions.
Browse full press release: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pressrelease/energy-storage-technologies-market.htm.
The energy storage technologies market includes technologies such as lithium ion batteries, flywheels, lead acid cells, super capacitors, NiCD, NiMH among many other developing ones. Geographically, Asia leads the market, which is followed by North America and Europe.
90 Sate Street, Suite 700
Albany, NY 12207
USA/Canada Toll Free: 866-552-3453<|endoftext|>It begins with your story
A typical session with a homeopathic physician begins with the patient’s history. The patient is allowed to tell his/her story without interruption. When clarification is needed the physician asks only open ended questions so not to lead the patient.
The purpose of your visit
Only after the patient is finished will the physician ask specific questions to understand the aggravation and amelioration of the symptoms, namely, how the symptoms vary according to parameters such as time of day or season, rest or activity, temperature, bathing, position, eating, thirst sleep, intercourse, perspiration, external stimuli and emotions, etc. The patient-defined causes of the symptoms are also sought as is the character and concomitants of each symptom. Strange, rare, and peculiar symptoms (such as nausea with hunger) are asked about.
The patient as a whole
The physician then asks about the generalities, the characteristics of the patient as a whole. These include food likes and dislikes, favorite weather, best or worst times of the day, type of skin and hair, the character of sleep, degree of perspiration, type of appetite for food, drink or sex and favorite activities or hobbies, etc.
How you function in the world
Questions about mental functioning such as memory or learning are asked. Most importantly, the physician attempts to understand the patient’s personality by asking about how the patient is at work, how the patient is as a parent, child, spouse, etc. Inquires are made about how the patient copes with stress, and what the patient’s fears or worries are like.
The patient is asked whether he or she is typically critical, unassertive, timid, angry, sensitive, etc. These questions are often the most difficult yet the most revealing. However, the homeopathic physician does not put a value judgment on the patient’s self-description. The descriptions are used by the homeopath to generate an understanding of the patient’s personal style or modus operandi within the context of the life-world of the patient as defined by the patient.
A family, social, occupational and past medical/surgical history is obtained including the results of any studies performed. A history of the use of medications and other therapeutic modalities is also sought. A physical examination is performed based on the history thus far and laboratory and imaging studies as well as specialty consultation may be ordered by the homeopath to complete the process.
Making sense of all the details
The physician then attempts to rank order the various symptoms, modalities, and generalities by degree of intensity. A list of symptoms is generated and the symptoms are then repertorized , that is, they are cross-indexed with the remedies known to have caused or cured these same symptoms.
A holistic approach
Philosophically homeopathy is holistic (not merely alternative) because the essential task is to understand the patient as a whole person. It is holistic because it must examine these various levels of the whole person and because its remedies stimulate healing at these levels. As a method, homeopathy is a synthesis of the natural science approach and the phenomenological or descriptive approach.
Selecting the right remedy
This labor -intensive process was for centuries performed by hand but is now done by computer. Having arrived at several probable remedies, the homeopathic physician must then make a determination as to whether the patient’s problem is an acute, chronic, or inherited illness or perhaps an illness due to the suppressive effects of previous treatment. The “center of gravity” or key issue of the case must be considered and attempts are made to locate it within the spiritual, mental, psychological or physical life of the patient.
The physician must blend his/her natural science training in anatomy, physiology, pathology, biochemistry, physical diagnosis, etc. with his/her observation of the patient and his/her understanding of the patient’s self description. The challenge of homeopathy, even in the treatment of apparently purely physical conditions, is to select a few probable remedies from the thousands of possible remedies.
Assessing the result
The art of homeopathy is in the capacity of the homeopathic physician to process all of this information into a synthesis, a “remedy portrait” or gestalt, if you will, which corresponds most closely to the remedy likely to stimulate a healing response. Having given a dose of the indicated remedy, the patient and the physician must now wait. Depending on the patient, the nature of the problem and the potency of the remedy a return visit is scheduled weeks or months after the initial dose.
Each remedy and individual is different
While there have been miraculous homeopathic cures after just one dose of a remedy, most chronic cases take months or years to cure. Just like a novel with many chapters and plot twists so a patient’s cure unfolds. The process is highly individual.
Homeopathic principals of healing
The homeopath will be guided by certain principles of cure: healing occurs from above downward, from the center to the periphery, from more vital organ to less vital organ and in reverse order of the appearance of the original symptoms.
Possible reactions to a remedy
The patient’s reaction can be one of simply nothing, or an aggravation followed by nothing or an aggravation followed by improvement, or by simple, gradual, and gentle improvement . Old symptoms and even mental and psychological complexes may return briefly and then gradually pass away. As improvement occurs and as remedy potency is increased the patient returns less frequently until he/she is told to return when the need is felt or for the treatment of a new acute problem.<|endoftext|>*This website was produced as an assignment for
an undergratuate course at Davidson College.*
Gal4What is an Ortholog?
from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The Story of Orthologs...
An ortholog is a protein with high homology to a
proteins found in another species. As species diverge, both new
species carry many of the same genes (Figure 1). These genes will
often evolve differently forming two similar, but not identical
genes. These two genes then encode for the proteins that are
considered orthologs because they have high similarity but are found in
|Figure 1. Phylogenetic
tree of seven sequenced hemiascomycetous yeast genomes based on
multiple alignment of 94 single-copy genes conserved in 26 tasonomic
groups (see Methods). Numbers next to each branch correspond to the
number of families (clusters) specific to a genome or group of genomes
leading to this node. (Figure Reproduced with Permission, 1)
Background on Gal4 Orthologss
Orthologs of the Gal4 protein were not found in any other
species included in the Big Seven Genomic Species (consisting of human,
mouse, C. elegans, Drosophila, Arabidopsis, yeasts, and E. coli)
except for yeast contained Gal4 orthologs. An extensive
literature search was performed as well as using BLAST, DB Phylome, and
Ortho DB databases (BLAST Results, DB Phylome Results, and Ortho DB Results).
Of the 15 genes from 10 species found in the Ortho DB database search,
it was found that only a handful had been characterized, and further
only a few had been extensively characterized.
The literature search confirmed that the Gal4 family
of transcription factors is in fact a fungal specific family
(2-4). Interestingly, yeasts are eukaryotic organisms and are
often used as a model due to similarities to human cells. The
Gal4 protein, however, is not one of the similarities. This
implies that this family of proteins developed after fungi diverged
from other eukaryotes.
The remainder of this page will review the homology
seen between Gal4 and one of the other most extensively characterized
orthologs, the Lac9 protein in Kluyveromyces lactis.
A comparison of these orthologs has proven useful for identifying
critical sequences in the function of Gal4 and Lac9 proteins. No
useful literature for the other orthologs reported in the Ortho DB
search was found.
A Comparison: Gal4 vs. Lac9
The Gal4 protein is necessary for harvesting galactose from the major food source of S. cerevisiae, melibiose (Gal4) (2). A different strain of yeast, K. lactis,
is found in milk where its primary food source is lactose (2). In
order to harvest galactose from lactose, it uses a slightly different
set of proteins than does S. cerevisiae. Ultimately both species obtain galactose from their respective environments (2).
The two species contained a common ancient ancestor,
making it likely that they share many of the same genes (2). In
fact high conservation between the two species is seen (Figure
1). Often conserved sequences are the most highly studied
sequences because a useful way in understanding functions of recently
identified proteins comes from comparison with proteins in other
organisms that are “similar, yet divergent in both sequence and
function” (3-4). In this case, both strains of yeast must
accomplish similar tasks: obtaining galactose from a food source.
It is probably that by studying similarities between the proteins used
in the two yeasts, we can obtain significant information regarding the
The Gal4 function has been described previously as necessary for regulation of galactose metabolism (Gal4). In the similar yeast strain, K. lactis, this metabolism is regulated by a Gal4 ortholog, the Lac9 protein (3). Upon analysis of the Lac9 protein in K. lactis, Salmerom et al., determined that there is significant functional similarity between the proteins encoded by the GAL4 and LAC9
genes, however the actual amino acid sequence is quite divergent
(2). Both proteins bind DNA as a “homodimer to specific upstream
activating sequences (UASG) in the GAL promoters” (2). However the Gal4
and Lac9 proteins contain only about 30% of the same amino acid
|Figure 2. Regions of homology (open boxes) between LAC9 and GAL4 Proteins. Thin lines represent regions possessing no more than 17% homology between the two proteins. (Permission Pending, 3)
The homology between the Gal4 and Lac9 proteins
can be seen in three regions (Figure 2). Region I contains
a series of 76 amino acids with high homology (3). This region,
which is located on the N-terminus, has been shown to be required for
nuclear localization (3). Further it has been suggested that this
region is also necessary for DNA-binding as well, suggesting that the
two proteins have similar DNA-binding domains (4). In both
studies the researchers were placing functions on the conserved
sequences that are common to the two proteins. Because both
proteins must facilitate similar tasks within the cell, it makes since
that such functions would be contained within the conserved sequences.
For instance both act as transcription factors and therefore need to
localize to the nucleus. Without a correct signal sequence, this
would not be accomplished and the protein would not function.
Both proteins also need to bind DNA, and are expected to do so in a
similar manner. There it is not surprising that the conserved
regions of the protein are important for the common functions of the
Region II and Region III were not completely
described, but possible reasons for the conservation were
suggested. Region II, located close to the middle of both
proteins, could play a role in olig
|
5 | 3 | 0 |
||Freeze/Melt - new format|
||SCO compress LZH|
||Quasijarus Strong Compression|<|endoftext|>域名解析和网站记录
域名解析，只有在解析域名后，域名才能成为网址。 用外行的术语来说，这意味着在域名和网站IP地址之间建立相应的连接。域名解析是将域名重新转换为ip地址的过程。 一个域名只能处理一个ip地址，而多个域名可以解析为一个ip地址。
网站备案，指主管当局应报告进行备案的原因，其目的是防止互联网上的非法活动并打击不良信息的传播。 如果未归档该网站，则有可能在调查后将其关闭。 建议您在网站注册完成之前不要正式使用该网站。
当前的托管服务提供商基本上为域名解析和网站归档提供服务。 您可以按照说明轻松解决各种问题。
这是建立网站的过程。 当然，网站的建设仅仅是开始。 后续的网站维护，SEO等可以使网站得到更好的发展。
a5创业网我们真诚邀请优质企业合作，为企业提供各种宣传服务。 撰写公司宣传资料并放在高质量的渠道上。 有关详细信息，请扫描下面的QR码进行咨询。
center><|endoftext|>|Prima pagina | Curiosità | Immagini | Cronologia | Delibere | Argomenti | Cronaca | Cognomi | Emigrati | Mestieri | Strade | Contrade | Prezzi | Cronistoria|
Nella Cronistoria di Salvatore Cristofaro sono ricordati tre membri di questa antica famiglia: Domenico, membro del Comitato di difesa insurrezionale del 1848, Giuseppe, partito nello stesso anno per la Lombardia al seguito di Cristina Belgioioso per partecipare alla guerra contro l'Austria [vedi lettera da Milano] e Vincenzo, accusato assieme allo stesso Cristofaro e altri di complicità con Agesilao Milano nella tentata uccisione di re Ferdinando di Borbone avvenuta a Napoli l'8 dicembre 1856.
A seguito dei moti insurrezionali del 1848 furono rinviati a giudizio il padre Domenico, cognato del Sarri, commissario civile degli insorti, e i figli Bernardo, Luigi, Giuseppe, Raffaele e Vincenzo con l'accusa di "cospirazione ad oggetto di distruggere e cambiare il Governo ed incitare gli abitanti del Regno ad armarsi contro l'Autorità Reale" e di "associazione in banda armata" (Atti del Processo della Gran Corte Criminale presso Archivio di Stato di Cosenza anni 1848 nn.41 e 83, 1850 n.79, 1857 n.59).
Anche negli atti decurionali e del consiglio compaiono in più occasioni i nomi di alcuni membri della famiglia La Regina per essere stati sindaci e amministratori del Comune.
La loro abitazione era ubicata in località Piazza, ma alcuni atti fanno riferimento alle strade Giudeca e al corso Negroni, probabilmente per i diversi ingressi del vasto palazzo di proprietà.
L'albero genealogico qui rappresentato forse è parziale e incompleto, visto che non tutti nacquero e si sposarono a San Marco Argentano.
Salvatore Cristofaro mentions three members of this old family in his "History of the town": Domenico, member of the committee of revolutionary defence in 1848, Giuseppe who went to Lombardie in the same year with Cristina Belgioioso to partecipate in the war against Austria, and Vincenzo, who was accused with Cristofaro and other ones, of complicity with Agesilao Milano for the attempt on the king Ferdinando's life on december 8th, 1856 in Naples.
In consequence of the revolution in 1848 Domenico La Regina, brother-in-law of Sarri, commissioner of the rebels, and his sons Bernardo, Luigi, Giuseppe, Raffaele e Vincenzo were charged with "conspiracy in order to destroy and change the government and to instigate people if the kingdom to arm themselves against the Royal Authority" and "armed conspiracy" (Documents of the Great Criminal Court's Trial in the Archives of State in Cosenza years 1848 ns.41 and 83, 1850 n.79, 1857 n.59).
Since some members of the family were majors and public administrators, their names appear in many deliberations of the council of town.
The family house, located in the main square, was registrered in some documents at Giudeca and Negroni Street, probably for the different entrances of that building.
The above represented family tree may be partial or incomplete, considering that not all his members were born and married in San Marco Argentano.
Milano, lì 6 giugno 1848
Mio caro ed affezionato fratello,
Al momento che io ti scrivo ho ricevuto una lettera di Papà inclusa
anche la tua in data dei 20 Aprile; mille affetti hanno destato
nel mio animo le tue ispirate parole ed il dolore delle mie ferite non
ancor cicatrizzate bene venne temperato dai puri sentimenti di amor
fraterno e di amor patrio che nella tua mi hai dimostrato. La tua lettera
l'ho fatta leggere a quanti bravi Lombardi io ho conosciuto e tutti
in mezzo ad una salva di Viva l'Unità e la Fratellanza Italiana
premura per questa la Causa Italiana non fecero altro che
congratularsi con me per avere un fratello che tanto si premura
per questa S[ant]a causa Italiana. Iddio mantenga sempre in te queste
sacrosante intenzioni e possa benedirti in qualunque spedizione
che tu possa fare in soccorso dei disgraziati e quasi ... Lombardi.
Son tre giorni che rattrovo a Milano di ritorno dalla celebrata
Battaglia campale tra Goito e Castiglione (Città tra il Mantovano
e provincia Bresciana). Il combattimento durò undici ore, il numero
dell'esercito italiano era composto di 15500 uomini, quello dei Tedeschi
di 17000. Incominciò il combattimento dapprima con i cannoni a mitraglia
e bombe da ambo le parti; i nostri come più istruiti nelle
manovre hanno sofferto poco danno, l'esercito Tedesco con soli ...
e bombe che dall'esercito nostro partivano han seminato la terra che ...
con un immenso numero di cadaveri quasi tutti mutilati dalle [fine pagina]
mitraglie; dopo quattr'ore di continuo fuoco la vittoria ci arrise;
i Tedeschi avviliti e bersagliati da tutte le parti dai fuochi di fila di artiglieria
incominciarono a fuggire dall'ala sinistra dove i cannoni nostri
incalzavano; alla loro principiata fuga le nostre truppe di linea a cavallo
(parlo di truppe Piemontese e Lombarda) principiarono a manovrare in
Maniera prodigiosa e con mille astuzie ci riuscì di
ridurre l'esercito Tedesco in migliaia di piccole compagnie sbandate; i fucili
le sciabole le baionette fecero in quel momento grandissimo effetto su
di loro; quelli fra gli austriaci che vollero fare i più animosi in parte
perirono e parte furono fatti prigionieri; i vili che accerchiavano il generale
in capo Radhestki con tutto il loro capo dopo dieci ore di accanito
combattimento si diedero ad una precipitosa fuga. La cavalleria e artiglieria
leggiera sopra i muli principiò ad inseguirli ed era una cosa da
ridere al vederli tutti come proni costretti a terra per non farsi colpire da
le bombe che piombavano su di loro e dai fuochi di Colubrine sopra i muli.
Il numero di prigionieri è ammontato a 7500, quello dei morti a 9000 e
frazione; i cannoni presi furono 11. Dopo aver fatto tanto in quella giornata
si battè ritirata da nostri per il quartier generale in Valleggio, e mentre io cercava
di riposar le mie stanche membra per le fatiche fatte in quel giorno
essendo io tenente dello Stato Maggiore presso il Duca di Genova (figlio del re
Carlo Alberto) ho ricevuto un ordine pressante di adunar subito la compagnia
che io comandava onde dar la caccia ad una compagnia sbandata tedesca che
si avvicinava ad un paesetto Lombardo per bruciarlo; puoi immaginarti se io
sia volato contro questi cani che erano cercati; presi le posizioni vantaggiose per
fare dietro alcune siepi un'imboscata attendendo il loro arrivo, il momento [fine pagina]
fortunato giunse dopo un'ora e mezza, appena giunti per ... dell'agguato
i miei soldati i quali dopo aver formato su di loro una catena circolare
di plotone e di fila mi riuscì di farli render tutti prigionieri;
i morti della parte loro furono 21; 4 furono i feriti e 275
i prigionieri, dei miei morirono solo due e in mezzo ai feriti della mia compagnia
di 450 uomini doversi a restar incluso anche io; le mie ferite furono due,
una al ginocchio e l'altra dietro la coscia, e me le son volute guadagnare
per essermi troppo oltre avanzato onde dar coraggio alla prima fila
che aveva mostrato qualche segno di titubanza! Sono ambidue quasi guarite,
e la mia guarigione la debbo ad una famiglia Milanese
presso la quale sono alloggiato; che per le tante affettuose cure di cui
mi ha prodigato non mi ha fatto quasi mai sentire il dolore di dette ferite.
Carlo Alberto dietro le istigazioni(?) di suo figlio il Duca di Genova per la
vittoria ed i prigionieri che gli ho condotti mi ha concesso il grado di Sotto Tenente
dello Stato Maggiore presso il Maresciallo. Il Duca di genova suo figlio
coll'onore di Cav[aliere] dell'ordine di S. Carlo. Tutti i miei soldati mi amano in modo
da non credersi, del mio soldo dopo aver sodisfatto medicamenti ai miei bisogni,
il resto lo distribuisco a quelli della mia compagnia che ne han bisogno, e questo
mio atto di generosità mi pose in tanta grazia presso il Duca di Genova, che
mi ama a predilezione. Dopo che io sono guarito bene dimanderò il permesso al
Duca di venire in Napoli per abbracciare la mia famiglia e baciare la mano a Papà
E Mamma, e dopo un mese di lontananza ritornare di nuovo al Campo, perchè han
bisogno, o in caso contrario andrò in Piemonte dove suol trovarsi lui. [fine pagina]
Bacio intanto la mano a Papà, a mammà e a zio Francesco, e in unione
di tutti i fratelli e sorelle li abbraccio.
Il tuo aff.mo fratello
Peppino La Regina
Stimatissimo Sig.r Mileti
Quest'oggi mi è giunta una lettera in cui sebbene vi
sia scritto il nome vostro pure stento a credere
che sia vostra firma, poichè avendo io un mio
... fuori per l'affare in parola non posso
supporre che mi si richieda con una lettera
sfornita di ogni impronta legale il detenuto
Carnevale che voi con tanta sollecitudine avete
comandato che sia ben custodito. Perdonate se
rispondo così alla lettera, se è vostra, poichè per
il motivo suddetto e l'altro di non conoscere bene
la vostra firma, non posso arrischiarmi a spedire
Carnevale col rischio di sentirmi chiamare
innocente sciocco.
Ho ricevuto anche un ufficio del Comitato
che richiedeva Carnevale, ma sfornito del Bollo,
che suole mettersi alle lettere di ufficio, in
considerazione di tutti quest'incidenti compatite
i miei scrupoli. Vi acchiudo l'ufficio in parola
affinchè vi convinciate della verità
di mia parola.
Infine vi prego perdonarmi se per tante
circostanze certamente plausibili sono con mio
rincrescimento obligato a fare osservazioni ai
vostri comandi, e conchiudo che sono pronto
a spedire Carnevale costà appena ne avrò
ordini regolari e precisi.
Ho scritto così anche per mostrare, se questa
lettera non capita nelle vostre mani, che invano
si cerca di farmi prestar credito alla prima lettera che mi arriva.
Vi saluto con stima e sono
Se.re Vostro
V[incenz]o La Regina<|endoftext|>زمانی که یک Thread جدید در برنامه های دات نت ایجاد می شوند، این Thread ها می توانند به دو صورت Foreground و Background اجرا شوند:
- Thread های Foreground: زمانی که کی Thread در حالت Foreground اجرا می شود باعث می شود که Thread اصلی برنامه تا زمان کامل شدن اجرای Thread ایجاد شده در حالت اجرا بماند. یعنی از Shut-down شدن Primary Thread توسط CLR جلوگیری می شود.
- Thread های Background: این Thread ها که با نام Daemon Thread شناخته می شوند به CLR می گوید که اجرای این Thread آنقدر اهمیت ندارد که Thread اصلی برنامه بخواهد منتظر بماند تا عملیات آن به اتمام برسد و می تواند در هر زمان که Thread اصلی برنامه به اتمام رسید، به صورت خودکار Thread های Background را نیز از بین ببرد.
توجه کنید که کلیه Thread هایی که در برنامه ها ایجاد می کنیم به صورت پیش فرض در حالت Foreground قرار دارند. برای آشنایی بیشتر با این موضوع نمونه کد زیر را در نظر بگیرید:
static void Main(string[] args) { var thread = new Thread(PrintNumbers); thread.Start(); } public static void PrintNumbers() { for (int counter = 1; counter < 10; counter++) { Console.WriteLine(counter); Thread.Sleep(200); } }
همانطور که گفتیم Thread ایجاد شده به صورت پیش فرض از نوع Foreground است و به همین دلیل تا زمانی که روند اجرای Thread ایجاد شده به اتمام نرسد از برنامه خارج نمی شویم و کلیه اعداد در خروجی چاپ می شوند. اما در کد زیر Thread ایجاد شده به صورت Background است و خواهیم دید که پس از اجرای برنامه به دلیل اینکه Thread اصلی زودتر از Thread ایجاد شده به اتمام می رسد، CLR به صورت خودکار Thread ایجاد شده را از بین می برد و اعداد به صورت کامل در خروجی نمایش داده نمی شوند:
static void Main(string[] args) { var thread = new Thread(PrintNumbers); thread.IsBackground = true; thread.Start(); } public static void PrintNumbers() { for (int counter = 1; counter < 10; counter++) { Console.WriteLine(counter); Thread.Sleep(200); } }
در برنامه های واقعی باید با دقت نوع Thread ها را انتخاب کرد، برای مثال فرض کنید که در برنامه شما در یک Thread جداگانه عملیاتی بر روی داده های بانک اطلاعاتی انجام می شود و نتیجه این عملیات در انتها باید در جایی ذخیره شود، می توانید برای اینکار یک Thread از نوع Foreground ایجاد کرده تا پس از خروج از برنامه، Thread اصلی منتظر اتمام انجام عملیات شده و سپس عملیات خروج کامل انجام شود. در مبحث بعدی در مورد موضوع همزمانی یا Concurrency صحبت می کنیم که از مشکلات اساسی در زمینه برنامه نویسی asynchronous می باشد و در مورد راهکار های حل این مشکل نیز صحبت خواهیم کرد.<|endoftext|>Cos'è lo yoga per le braccia e con quali asana o posizioni è possibile mantenere la parte sempre ben allenata, forte e tonica a ogni età?
21 modi per rendere il fitness divertente
Esistono 21 modi per fare attività fisica senza lasciarsi sopraffare dalla noia: in questo modo si modella il proprio corpo divertendosi.<|endoftext|>"È un prezzo duro da pagare per un'azione durata solo 20 minuti". Dan Turner, il padre di Brock Allen Turner, giovane condannato per violenza sessuale ai danni di una ragazza in stato di incoscienza, ha difeso così il figlio in una lettera. Lo stupro, avvenuto nel gennaio del 2015 in un campus universitario di Palo Alto, in California, è stato punito con soli sei mesi di carcere, decisione controversa forse presa dal giudice per non danneggiare la carriera di atleta di Brock. Ma sei mesi sono anche troppi, secondo il padre: "Per un gesto durato 20 minuti pagherà per più di 20 anni di vita".
RAPE CULTURE: Brock Turner's dad is sad he only got "20 minutes of action" & doesn't even like eating steaks anymore pic.twitter.com/eQswM8Lb11— Lauren Duca (@laurenduca) 5 giugno 2016
La sua lettera è stata condivisa sui social e fortemente criticata: come può un padre giustificare una violenza? Come può passarci sopra sperando di veder prosperare lo stesso il figlio come se nulla fosse accaduto? Sono queste alcune delle domande che si pongono gli utenti. Mentre Dan Turner insiste sul dispiacere del pargolo: "Ogni suo minuto di veglia è consumato da preoccupazione, ansia, paura e depressione. Glielo si può leggere in faccia, nel modo in cui cammina, dalla sua flebile voce, dalla sua mancanza di appetito". "Essere giudicato ora come aggressore lo segnerà per il resto della sua vita - aggiunge -. Cambierà il posto in cui abiterà, in cui lavorerà e come si rapporterà alle persone e alle imprese".
Secondo il padre, la detenzione non è la soluzione più adatta per il figlio: "Non ha alcun precedente criminale e non è mai stato violento con nessuno. Brock può fare tante cose buone, lavorare per la società e è completamente impegnato a spiegare agli altri studenti del college i pericoli del consumo di alcol e della promiscuità sessuale". Alcol, proprio quello che aveva bevuto la sua vitt
|
5 | 3 | 1 |
肠癌呢?以下是预防结肠癌的10类食物。
预防结肠癌的食物：
1、大蒜：
大蒜是公认的防癌食物，有明显的抗癌功效。美国学者实验证明，大蒜素可以抑制食管癌和大肠癌的发生。朝鲜人癌症发生率较低，有人认为与他们平时大量食用大蒜的习惯有关。
2、菌菇类食物：
菌菇类包括冬菇、香菇、金针菇等以及木耳。科学家发现，食物中许多菌菇类都含有抗癌物质，能起防癌功效。比如，冬菇中所含的多糖体，抗癌率非常高。黑木耳、白木耳所含的多糖体也是一种抗癌的有效物质。菌菇类食物中富含的粗纤维和钙等都有防癌作用，还能提高人体免疫力。<|endoftext|>Experimental Study of Base Pressure of Round Cylinders of Great Elongation
AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
Pagination or Media Count:
A vacuum appears behind the blunt base of a body of revolution which is in a supersonic gas flow. The degree of the vacuum determines the magnitude of the base wake drag - one of the components of total drag of a body.
- Fluid Mechanics<|endoftext|>穷人续写100字
穷人续写100字
穷人续写100字（一）：
续写《穷人》
从上次收养了两个邻居的孩子后，渔夫每一天更加辛勤捕鱼，桑娜也更加努力纺织，才能让这些孩子勉强吃饱。
一眨眼二十年过去了，两个小男孩成为了英气迸发的小伙子，续写穷人450字左右优秀作文，当他们听到渔夫与桑娜诉说他们的身世时，激动地哭了。他们怀着一颗感恩的心去外地拼搏，渔夫与桑娜的五个孩子也分别去外地干活，续写穷人作文200字。
穷人续写100字（二）：
《穷人》续写
从此，穷人续写600字作文，夫妇俩和七个孩子便过上了穷苦的生活，成了实实在在的穷人.
渔夫每一天出海打鱼时，根据穷人写一篇作文450字，他的妻子桑娜都在家里补渔网.桑娜明白，光靠丈夫出海打鱼是不够维持生活的，因此，她还要给别人洗衣服、做饭，好再挣一些钱.不久，桑娜积劳成疾，再也撑不了了.因为家里没钱看病，渔夫只好去求村子里的有钱人.当好心的有钱人明白后，便请来医生治好了桑娜，还给渔夫找了一个好工作.他们一家人过上了好日子.
几年后，七个孩子懂事了.西蒙的两个孩子明白自己的身世后，很感激渔夫和桑娜养活了他们，于是他们从此刻苦学习，最后成材了.
穷人续写100字（三）：
《穷人》续写100字左右
六年级《穷人》续写作文1 当渔夫知道桑娜已经把孩子抱来了时,对桑娜说:“哦,你一进把孩子抱了回来,怎么不早对我说呢?我还以为你不愿意呢!”说罢,夫妻俩又沉默了许久,然后,渔夫郑重的对他的妻子说:“亲爱的。
慢慢的两个孩子都长大了，他们天都在家里帮他的父母干家务。其中渔父的儿子都去外地打工了，穷人续写获奖作文。每次渔父的儿子都会给他们带来好吃的，还问寒嘘暖，在家的两个孩子平时在家里扫扫地擦擦桌子有好几次还差点让母亲留下了感动的眼泪，我们在家里要帮忙母亲干活。
续写《穷人》_450字1 “没有想到你跟我想的一样!”桑娜说,“你为什么不跟我说你已经把他们抱过来了呢?现在咱们家有七个孩子,不过,无论多苦,咱们都不能苦了西蒙家的两个孩子,他们已经没有了父母。
穷人续写100字（四）：
《穷人》续写作文100字
穷人续写作文450字1 渔夫皱起眉,他的脸变得严肃、忧虑。“嗯,是个问题!”他搔搔后脑勺说:“你看怎么办?得把他们抱过来,同死人待在一起怎么行!哦,我们,我们总能熬过去的!快去,别等他们醒来。” 但桑娜一动不动。 “你怎么啦?
“哦，桑娜你什么时候把他们抱来的呀？你怎样不告诉我呀！”渔夫说，“对不起，我不是故意不告诉你的，我是怕你把他们当成我们家的累赘呀！”桑娜说。“哦，是这样的呀！那你可错怪我了呀，我但是一好人呀！”渔夫有点开着玩笑说。
渔夫刚说完桑娜就笑了，从以后他们过着既清贫有幸福的生活
穷人续写100字（五）：
《穷人》续写作文1 “你瞧,他们在这里啦。”桑娜拉开了帐子。 桑娜笑着说:“你和我的想法一样啊!我还以为你会不同意收养这两个孩子呢!对不起,又给你添加负担了。”“没事,只要加把劲,我们一定能熬过去的!”屋外寒风呼啸。
穷人续写100字
从此，夫妇俩和七个孩子便过上了穷苦的生活，成了实实在在的穷人。
渔夫每一天出海打鱼时，他的妻子桑娜都在家里补渔网。桑娜明白，光靠丈夫出海打鱼是不够维持生活的，因此，她还要给别人洗衣服、做饭，好再挣一些钱。不久，六年级作文穷人续写，桑娜积劳成疾，再也撑不了了。因为家里没钱看病，渔夫只好去求村子里的有钱人。当好心的有钱人明白后，便请来医生治好了桑娜，还给渔夫找了一个好工作，穷人续写作文。他们一家人过上了好日子。
几年后，七个孩子懂事了。西蒙的两个孩子明白自己的身世后，很感激渔夫和桑娜养活了他们，于是他们从此刻苦学习，最后成材了。
穷人续写100字（六）：
穷人续写
《穷人》续写作文1 渔夫和桑娜领养那两个孩子后,生活变得更艰苦了。 每天他们吃的不再是黑面包了,他们每天已经吃不起面包了。渔夫这几天收成不好,孩子们每天分到的鱼就半条小猫鱼。由于桑娜待别人的孩子如自己的孩子。
桑娜边拉帐子边说：“你瞧这七个孩子睡得多香啊！”“是啊多可爱呀我十分喜欢他们。”渔夫看了看桑娜笑着说。桑娜平静地望着渔夫说：“他们长大后明白了会怎样样？”“会不会感激我？”“会的我们的孩子不可能丧失良心我相信他们。”渔夫微笑着说：“看他们的表现吧。”
《穷人》续写作文1 第二天,天还没亮,渔夫就早早的起来了,渔夫拿着桑娜刚补好的破帆,出门打鱼了。屋外依然寒风呼啸,汹涌澎湃。 桑娜也很早起床,给孩子们准备黑面包,这次跟往常不一样,因为这次桑娜多加了两个黑面包。
二十年过去了。桑娜、渔夫还是那样善良——但是他们此刻住到了城里因为她们的孩子此刻都在城里上班。
一个周末七个孩子聚集在一齐商量怎样给桑娜过生日。星期三是桑娜的生日。
《穷人》续写作文1 第二天清晨,渔夫补好了网,便出门打鱼去了,桑娜则独自为孩子和自己准备早餐。她拿起锅铲,这才想起昨夜根本没有捕到鱼。“那孩子们吃什么呢?”她喃喃地说。等孩子们起来以后,桑娜给了他们一人一块黑面包。
《穷人》续写作文1 “你瞧,他们在这里啦。”桑娜拉开了帐子。 渔夫呆呆地一直盯着七个孩子,心想:我养两个孩子是对还是错的。桑娜和渔夫就去睡觉了。 新的一天又来了,渔夫早早的出海捕鱼了,桑娜把七个孩子叫了起来。
这天是星期三。桑娜的七个孩子悄悄地拿出钥匙开了门进了家。他们藏在沙发的后面听见了和桑娜和渔夫的谈话明白了整个事情的经过。孩子们沉默了不一会儿就热泪盈眶他们站起来走向卧室就当事情没发生一样按照生日顺序果然给桑娜了一个大惊喜。最后西蒙的孩子异口同声地说：“妈妈谢谢您！如果不是您和爸爸我们俩不会有这天！“你们都是我的好孩子不管你们是不是我亲生的你们都是我的好孩子！”桑娜含泪笑着说。
穷人续写100字（七）：
续写《穷人》
渔夫看到了七张熟睡的脸蛋，他们睡得十分香甜，偶尔会咂一下小嘴，续写穷人450，貌似在做美梦。
桑娜一家的生活更艰难了。渔夫不顾惜身体，起早贪黑去打鱼。桑娜也日夜操劳，内心忧虑而变得日益憔悴。他们最后熬过去了。二十年后，孩子们都长大了，各自成家立业。时不时就回来看望桑娜和渔夫。他们那饱经风霜的脸上总是洋溢着幸福的微笑。
穷人续写100字（八）：
续写《穷人》
穷人课文的续写作文1 “桑娜,你怎么不早点跟我说呢?”渔夫不解的问。桑娜歉意地笑了笑,“对不起啊!我怕我的自作主张”没等她说完,渔夫就打断了她的话。“不用自责了,你是对的。”他拍了拍桑娜的肩膀,说。
从上次收养了两个邻居的孩子后，渔夫每一天更加辛勤捕鱼，桑娜也更加努力纺织，才能让这些孩子勉强吃饱。
六年级《穷人》续写作文1 “你瞧,他们在这里啦!”桑娜拉开了帐子。渔夫和桑娜一起看这七个孩子紧紧地靠在一起香地睡着,呼吸均匀而平静。“你,你已经抱过来了呀!”渔夫惊讶地说。“恩,对,只是怕你不会同意。
一眨眼二十年过去了，两个小男孩成为了英气迸发的小伙子，当他们听到渔夫与桑娜诉说他们的身世时，激动地哭了。他们怀着一颗感恩的心去外地拼搏，渔夫与桑娜的五个孩子也分别去外地干活。
穷人续写100字（九）：
《穷人》续写
渔夫说：以后就要看我们自己了。
有一天渔夫捕鱼时捕到了一个箱子，拿了回来发现里面有一个魔鬼出来了但是渔夫又把它关了回去，魔鬼说：我出来后必须会给你一个抹布一头会愈合伤口，一头会把铁变成银子。
从此渔夫一家过上了好日子。
穷人续写100字（十）：
穷人续写
渔夫慢慢地举起马灯，帐子里正熟睡着两个很可爱的孩子。赤裸的小脚，打满补丁的衣裳，用旧头巾裹着他们的双腿。渔夫用很大的手掌轻轻地抚摸着他们的小脑袋，桑娜用担心的口吻说：&34;<|endoftext|>کارشناسان تغذیه به عنوان عضوی از تیم سلامت اغلب در بیمارستان ها، مطب های خصوصی، مراکز بهداشتی دانشگاه ها، فعالیت های پژوهشی و… فعالیت می کنند.
اکثر متخصصان تغذیه در زمینه درمان و پیشگیری از بیماری فعالیت می کنند. کارشناسان تغذیه به عنوان عضوی از تیم سلامت اغلب در بیمارستان ها، مطب های خصوصی، مراکز بهداشتی دانشگاه ها، فعالیت های پژوهشی و… فعالیت می کنند. همچنین بعضی از کارشناسان تغذیه در زمینه صنعت غذا و تغذیه، روزنامه نگاری، تغذیه ورزشی، برنامه های سلامت شرکت ها و سایر محیط ها کار می کنند.
به عبارت دیگر، کارشناس تغذیه تخصص غذا و تغذیه خود را در طیف گسترده ای از جامعه به اشتراک می گذارند. در اینجا به تعدادی از آن ها می پردازیم:
بیمارستان ها
کارشناسان تغذیه به عنوان عضوی از تیم سلامت همراه با پزشک و پرستار در بیمارستان ها فعالیت می کنند، به بیماران در مورد تغذیه آموزش می دهند، درمان تغذیه را انجام می دهند، حمایت تغذیه ارائه می دهند و مراقبت های حیاتی را ارزیابی می کنند. آن ها همچنین بر خدمات غذایی اعم از خرید و تهیه غذا نظارت می کنند.
مدارس
یادگیری تغذیه سالم و اهمیت آن در سنین ابتدایی زندگی برای داشتن بدنی سالم در طول عمر کلیدی است. کارشناسان تغذیه اغلب به عنوان مدیران خدمات غذایی مدارس کار می کنند که از نزدیک با مدیران مدارس در ارتباط هستند تا منوهای غذایی سالم تنظیم کنند و به مدیران کمک کنند تا سیاست های سلامتی را ایجاد و توسعه دهند. آنها همچنین در کلاس ها تدریس می کنند و اصول تغذیه سالم را برای دانش آموزان و معلمین آموزش می دهند.
مراکز بهداشتی
کارشناسان تغذیه در مراکز بهداشتی به آموزش و مشاوره به مردم و کمک به بهبود کیفیت زندگی آن ها از طریق ایجاد عادات غذایی سالم می پردازند. آنها همچنین در برنامه های بهبود تغذیه دوران کودکی نیز مشارکت دارند.
مرکز نگهداری و توان بخشی سالمندان
در بعضی از کشورها استفاده از یک متخصص تغذیه در خانه های سالمندان الزامی است. به این ترتیب که کارشناسان تغذیه عضو کلیدی تیم مراقبت هستند که منوی غذابی را ارزیابی می کنند و برای سالمندان پرخطر دچار بیماری و سوءتغذیه رژیم غذایی تنظیم می کنند.
مراکز تناسب اندام و تیم های ورزشی
کارشناسان تغذیه به ورزشکاران در مورد ارتباط بین غذا، تناسب اندام و سلامتی آموزش می دهند. کارشناس تغذیه اغلب برای کار با تیم های ورزشی حرفه ای یا دانشگاهی در زمینه برنامه ریزی منوغذایی، مدیریت وزن، بهبود عملکرد، ریکاوری و… برای تکمیل تمرینات ورزشکاران استخدام می شوند.
تجارت مرتبط با غذا و تغذیه
در مشاغل و صنایع مرتبط با غذا و تغذیه، کارشناسان تغذیه در امور مصرف کنندگان، روابط عمومی، بازاریابی، توسعه محصول یا مشاوره با سرآشپزها در رستوران ها و آموزشگاه های آشپزی فعالیت می کنند. بعضی از فروشگاه های بزرگ نیز از کارشناسان تغذیه برای ارائه مشاوره تغذیه در فروشگاه و پاسخ به سؤالات غذایی مشتریان استفاده می کنند.
دانشگاه ها
متخصصین تغذیه در دانشگاه اغلب به پزشکان، پرستاران، دانشجویان تغذیه، دندانپزشکان و… علم پیچیده غذا و تغذیه را آموزش می دهند.
پژوهش
کارشناسان تغذیه در شرکتهای غذایی یا دارویی، دانشگاهها یا بیمارستانها می توانند وارد حوزه تحقیقاتی شوند تا مداخلات لازم جهت یافتن پاسخ به سؤالات مهم تغذیه و ارائه توصیههای تغذیه برای عموم انجام دهند.
مشاوره تغذیه فردی
بسیاری از کارشناسان تغذیه در مطب ها یا کلینیک های پزشکی به صورت فردی به افراد مشاوره می دهند و برای آن ها رژیم غذایی تنظیم می کنند.
آشپزی
کارشناسان تغذیه یک درک علمی و عملی از غذا و تغذیه را به چشم انداز آشپزی می آورند بسیاری از سرآشپزهای مشهور جهان، با درک نیاز به این که چگونه غذایی که طبخ می کنند سالم باشد و بر مشتریان خود تأثیر کافی بگذارد، به دنبال یادگیری اصول تغذیه هستند.
رسانه ها
کارشناسان تغذیه اغلب توسط رسانه
|
5 | 3 | 2 |
hew continued Briant’s theme of freedom of religious thought, he also connected religion and politics, expressing his anxiety over the idea of a combined church and state. Mayhew insisted the people must be vigilant about despotism within the political and religious spheres; the pair could cooperate to enslave the people by making them believe that God had stated they must be obedient to their rulers. To avoid this, Mayhew said, the people had to have supreme control over their religious thought; if they could do this, then they would realize that God had always wanted them to be a free people.He then returned to the principles of the colonists’ Puritan ancestors when he highlighted the colonists’ right to justified rebellion. He argued that if the ruler governed for the good of the public welfare, then the subjects should remain obedient and loyal. However, he claimed, if the ruler was to “rob and ruin the public, instead of being guardians of its peace and welfare, they immediately cease to be the ordinance and ministers of God.” Rebellion, therefore, was not sinful but justified: the ruler had broken their relationship with God by enslaving his people and making them unhappy.
Briant and Mayhew’s sermons shaped Adams’s religious thought. He concluded that man should be allowed to form their opinions about both God and the world. In 1755, he discussed his decision to reject a religious career with his friend Nathan Webb: “I shall have liberty to think for myself without molesting others or being molested [himself].” This liberal stance is even more evident when read alongside Adams’s other early letters and diary entries and discover his anti-Calvinist leanings. His son, John Quincy Adams, and grandson, Charles Francis Adams, later wrote that he detested Calvinism because it was a “domineering and persecuting spirit.”In 1755, Adams labeled Calvinism and John Calvin “frigid” and went on to write to his brother-in-law, Richard Cranch, in 1756, that “the frightful Engines of Ecclesiastical Co[u]ncils . . . and Calvinistical good nature” led him to reject a career in preaching. That same year, Adams dismissed the idea of total depravity in his diary; he could not understand how mankind was punished “by the Supreme being” because of “their own Wickedness and Vice.” In a 1761 letter to his cousin, Samuel Quincy, he proclaimed unconditional election to be “hurtful” and “detestable,” limited atonement to be a “strange religious dogma,” and the perseverance of the saints to be simply outlandish.
His liberal theology developed concurrently with this anti-Calvinist phase. C. Bradley Thompson argues that through the late 1750s and 1760s, Adams established his theory of religion, which revolved around Locke’s theory of tabula rasa. Locke’s thesis rejects the notion of innate ideas, especially the idea of God; instead, it suggests that man should use his experience through the five senses to find God for themselves. Once humans had these experiences, they would then use their rationality, which, Adams argued, God had gifted them to reach a valid conclusion. Once humans had attained enough knowledge and cultivated their rationality, they would then discover why God had put humanity on Earth. Adams explicitly stated this as he wrote in his diary, in 1756, “[God] has given me reason, to find out the truth and the real design of my existence here.” Additionally, he concluded that the “proper Business of Mankind” was not to chase the “Shadows, and empty but glittering Phantoms” of rank and money but the “everlasting Excellences of Piety and Virtue.” God had wanted man to take care of each other and gain God’s favor by doing this and showing continual devotion to God. This ultimately enabled mankind to live a happy life while allowing for human evolution.
This period impacted upon Adams’s revolutionary experience in a significant way; he now found himself with a new belief that, in part, revolved around caring for others. The Revolution, therefore, was seen by Adams as an event that allowed him to help his fellow man.
However, his belief in attaining knowledge to discover his moral duties highlights another aspect of his thought, which also appeared in much of his Revolutionary writings. Adams deeply believed in education and, in turn, his prolonged attachment to some of the Puritan traits prevalent during his childhood.
Adams expressed this belief in his 1765 A Dissertation on Canon and Feudal Law, which he wrote at the height of the Stamp Act crisis and when rumors within the colonies suggested the British would install a bishop in America. Although Adams refers to this piece of writing as “lamentable bagatelle” and historians, like Page Smith and Anne Husted Burleigh, describe it as historically inaccurate, one cannot help but agree with David McCullough’s assertion that Dissertation is one of Adams’s most important works.
His focus on the colonists’ Puritan ancestry—who had moved to the New World to escape persecution in England—meant Dissertationwas an early glimpse into Adams’s patriotic zeal. He claimed the Puritans arrived with traditional British rights and created a society based on “universal liberty, and a hatred, a dread, a horror, of the infernal confederacy” of ecclesiastical and civil tyranny. For Adams, knowledge, which consequently meant education, was what maintained this Utopian society since education provided new experiences for man.
Adams’s strong attachment to knowledge is evident when he insisted in Dissertation that knowledge was an essential defense mechanism against tyranny—his argument as a whole was a carbon copy of Mayhew’s in 1750. He concluded that when “a general knowledge and sensibility have prevailed among the people” tyranny would be nonexistent. In the opening line, he quoted John Tillotson, former Archbishop of Canterbury: “Ignorance and inconsideration are the two greatest causes of the ruin of mankind.” Adams then highlighted how the Puritans established grammar schools and colleges as a means of ensuring people attained knowledge. Elsewhere in Dissertation, he suggested that when people managed to attain a great deal of knowledge, this meant they could act as a balance against the church and the ruler, which would then prevent a “great and detestable system of fraud, violence and usurpation.”
Adams saw tyranny as a real concern. “Timidity,” he claimed, had implemented itself within the American mind: they feared to investigate the natural rights they held, such as liberty. Dissertation was a call to books rather than arms. Adams demanded the colonists attain knowledge as a means of returning to their Puritan roots so that they could oppose tyranny. This demand is evidence of a humanist strand that existed in Adams’s religious thinking: once the colonists had achieved a substantial amount of knowledge, then they, from Adams’s perspective, would realize that their duties were to respect God and one another. This further meant that the colonists had to unite to protect mankind from the tyrannical British Empire.
In 1774 and 1775, Adams continued to explore the ideas that were in Dissertationthrough several essays he produced in reaction to the Tory, Daniel Leonard. Under the pseudonym “Novanglus,” Adams addressed the contemporary constitutional conflict that had now been taking place between the British Parliament and colonies for almost a decade and explained why Parliament had no legislative supremacy over the colonies.
Britain held no legislative right over the colonies, he wrote, because America had been a country before the Puritans had arrived—they bought the land from the natives. Thus, Adams insisted, “America was no more within the allegiance of those princes [King James and Charles], by the common law of England, or by the law of nature, than France and Spain were.” While English law did not extend to America, the ancient English constitution did, for it contained “certain rights of nature” that the Puritans had brought over with them in the 17th century. British Parliament infringed upon these “rights of nature” when it tried to tax the colonists in the 1760s and 1770s directly and without any colonial representation in Parliament. Adams then continued the theme of justified rebellion and denied the colonists were rebelling; authority, he insisted, lay with the colonial assemblies, not Parliament. Therefore, it was colonial “opposition, nay, open, avowed, resistance by arms, against [the British Parliament’s] usurpation and lawless violence.”
Novanglus is even more important than Dissertation; it was through these writings Adams laid bare his concern for the Revolution. He heightened his rhetoric on morality as he wrote: “Liberty can no more exist without virtue . . . than the body can live and move without a soul.” Adams believed morality to be imperative for man’s freedom and, consequently, stressed the need, once again, for education and knowledge; if education were to decline or become nonexistent, then the colonists would also descend into tyranny. His stress upon morality helps to explain why Adams was so against violent resistance and wanted a peaceful end to the dispute between the two warring parties. In a 1774 letter to Abigail Adams, he expressed his distaste for violence, explaining that mob rule was the source “of all kinds of Evils, Vices and Crimes”: swearing, drunkenness, murder and blasphemy were such acts that proved some men were unable to fill their moral duties. Man had to resist peacefully by using knowledge and education to identify where the ruler had overstepped and then negotiate the balance of power. Mob rule, Adams suggested, led to ignorance and “Almost all of mankind have lost their liberties through ignorance.”
Adams’s religious beliefs affected his Revolutionary experience, as he found himself at odds with many colonists who participated in the mobbish rule he detested so much: their actions did not correspond with Adams’s belief in man showing respect for one another. This sort of immoral behavior that mobs exhibited hindered human progress, which then prevented man from living in a society built upon everlasting happiness and liberty. For Adams, the Revolution’s raisin d’être was about maintaining this Utopian society that the Puritans had established in the 17th century. The Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, which Adams wrote, similarly brings out this desire to maintain this Puritan ideal.
Here, it is apparent that Adams wanted a society that resembled that of his Puritan forefathers and he regurgitated themes that were evident in Dissertation and Novanglus. In the opening sentences of the Preamble, Adams reiterated Mayhew and the Whig principle of man being allowed to revolt against arbitrary authority. However, what was perhaps more noteworthy was his assertion that humans agree to a covenant with each other—not God—and that society would work towards humanity’s progress. This was made explicitly clear in one statement that stressed the need for the co-operation of mankind: “It is a social compact, by which the whole people covenants with each citizen, and each citizen with the whole people, that all shall be governed by certain laws for the common good.” The fact that the agreement is between men and not man and God suggests Adams believed man’s mutual respect for each other was just as important as man respecting God. Significantly, it demonstrated the change in duties that man now held, which Adams discussed in 1818: no longer did men see themselves bound to God; instead, they were bound to each other. Nevertheless, Adams also insisted that it was “the right as well as the duty of all men in society . . . to worship the Supream Being,” which stressed his belief that showing obedience to God was a means of ensuring a better afterlife.
Numerous theological historians and Adams biographers stress the fact that Adams strongly believed in human progress. Much of their evidence comes from Adams’s later years when he wrote to his friend Jefferson. On July 16, 1814, Adams wrote to Jefferson, “I have no doubt that the horrors we have experienced for the last forty years, will ultimately terminate in the advancement of civil and religious liberty, and ameliorations in the conditions of mankind.” In 1821, Adams then wrote to Jefferson that he wished “for the splendid improvements in human society, and vast amelioration in the condition of mankind.”
Adams’s belief in the deity of Jesus Christ corresponded with his idea of humankind’s evolution and faith in the unification of humanity. In his diary, Adams refused to reject the miracles and deity of Christ, for Christ’s miracles reconciled man with one another and God. Far too many humans, Adams claimed, had “sunk in to the grossest Opinions and the grossest Practices”; the appearance of Christ and his miracles consequently allowed man to realize his errors and thus change their ways. Therefore, Christ was on Earth to enable human progression. Christ’s role seamlessly fitted into Adams’s revolutionary convictions: when Christ died the mission of human progress was left for somebody else to pick up, but as time progressed, tyranny slowly took over the world and retarded human progression. The American Revolution, therefore, was viewed as picking up the pieces of Christ’s legacy and trying to piece them back together. Adams’s Revolution was as much about patriotism as it was about religion.
Historians popularly claim Adams adhered to Unitarianism, with many highlighting Adams’s supposed total rejection of Christ as evidence of this: John Fea, Staloff, Burleigh, John Ferlin and Edwin Gaustad are all guilty of making this assumption. Fea argues Adams was a “devout Unitarian” because he believed humans to be breaking the first commandment by revering Christ as God. Gaustad claims Adams was incredulous when John Quincy told him he believed in Athanasianism. For Staloff, Adams simply rejected Christ’s divinity and the Trinity in his twenties. Moreover, Ferling concludes Adams rejected Christ’s divinity and considered institutional Christianity to be full of charlatans and myths. Burleigh, however, makes a different argument claiming that Adams adhered to Unitarianism since it allowed him to think for himself instead of having opinions forced upon him.
Howard I. Fielding comes closest to identifying Adams’s religion, though he is also guilty of identifying him as a Unitarian. He writes that although contemporaries and historians alike have called Adams a Unitarian, we must be cautious: the Unitarianism “of [Adams’s] time . . . was a time before that of [Ralph Waldo] Emerson and [Theodore] Parker” in the nineteenth century. Staloff states Adams’s religion took a “liberal posture”—it was a religion infused with rationality, restraint, and respect. Additionally, he argued, Adams adapted to other virtues and recognized church orders. This adaptation and appropriation from other traditions makes it difficult for historians to conclude what Adams’s religious beliefs were in any definitive sense.
What historians have failed to realize is that Adams’s religion can be accurately labeled as liberal Congregationalism. However, we can sympathize with historians, for liberal Congregationalism served as a bridge between Congregationalism and Unitarianism: liberal Congregationalism was an outgrowth of the First Great Awakening and the division it created—many Old Lights drifted toward liberal Congregationalism. This belief effectively built the foundations upon which Unitarianism was erected in the 19th century. The faiths, therefore, shared much of the same tenets: religious tolerance, sovereignty over religious thought, a belief in rationalism being used to find God, and a rejection of the traditional Calvinist doctrine.
But there was more to liberal Congregationalism than this. Mark A. Noll writes that there existed four distinct traits within liberal Congregationalism, all of which Adams exhibited during his Revolutionary experience. First, a disdain for Calvinism; something Adams displayed throughout the 1750s. Second, a placement of rationalism above that of miracles. Thompson testifies to this second aspect, concluding that although there is little evidence left behind to suggest this, Adams did believe in Christ’s miracles. Third, a belief in human progress. And fourth, Noll highlights that liberal Congregationalists believed in God redeeming man one day—something Adams believed in addition to believing that God redeemed humans who showed respect to their fellow man.
The American Revolution, therefore, went beyond the widely agreed year of 1763. Adams argued that it stretched as far back as the 1740s and 1750s when man’s religious duties began to shift as it did for Adams when he interacted with liberal theology in 1749 and 1750. Following these experiences, and throughout the 1750s, Adams applied Locke’s theory of tabula rasa to his increasingly cultivated religious beliefs. When man attained enough knowledge from their experiences this allowed them to discover their moral duties; one crucial moral duty, from Adams’s perspective, was that man should show respect for one another, which would enable human progression. To Adams, the Revolution was a means of ensuring that man continued to progress. If the Revolution failed, then the Utopian society that Adams’s and the other colonists’ Puritan forefathers had tried to establish would descend into tyranny. In essence, Adams saw the Revolution as the opportunity to create this Utopian society, where man had the liberty to think and do what it wanted. Consequently, when Adams wrote that the Revolution was in the peoples’ duties, it can be argued that this was because man’s religious sentiments no longer focused on the bond between humans and God; rather the bond was now between humans, as well as with God. Adams was a liberal Congregationalist: Adams’s anti-Calvinism, his belief in human evolution and rationality, and his belief that through caring for one another God would then redeem mankind. Ultimately, Adams was an innovator in thinking and an extraordinary man who held extraordinary beliefs.
C. F. Adams, J. Q. Adams, J. Adams (eds.), The World of John Adams: Second President of the United States, With a Life of the Author, I-X (Boston, 1856), X, p.172. [Henceforth referred to as Works].
D. Staloff, ‘John Adams and Enlightenment’ in Waldstreicher (eds.), 2013, pp.36-59; Howe, 1966, p.40; M. Lienesch, New Order of the Ages: Time, The Constitution and The Making of Modern American Political Thought (Princeton, 1988), p.195, n.53.
J. Adams to T. Jefferson, 24 Sep. 1821 quoted in L. J. Cappon (ed.), The Adams-Jefferson Letters: The Complete Correspondence Between Thomas Jefferson & Abigail & John Adams (Chapel Hill, 1959), p.576.
Athanasianism was one of the first and most ancient theologies that believed in the Holy Trinity. Fea in Waldstreicher (ed.), 2013, pp.184-198; Idem., Was America Founded as a Christian Nation (Louisville, 2011), p.191; Staloff in Waldstreicher (ed.), 2013, pp.36-59; Idem., ‘Deism and the Founding of the United States’, 2008, [Accessed Online: 21 February 2016], http://nationalhumanitiescentre.org/tserve/eighteen/ekeyinfo/deism.htm; Burleigh, 2010, p.12; J. Ferling, John Adams (Oxford, 2010), p.384; E. S. Gaustad, Faith of our Fathers (London, 1987), p.90.<|endoftext|>Cause and Prevention of Clogging of Wells Abstracting Groundwater from Unconsolidated Aquifers
Groundwater serves many purposes. It is a source of public and private drinking water, it
|
5 | 3 | 3 |
been founded by Pujya Swami Chidanand Saraswati, one of India’s most prominent spiritual voices. The Ganga Action Parivar is spearheading the Global Interfaith WASH Alliance – www.gangaaction.org.
- The All India Imam Organization is the legitimate voice of the half a million Imams of India who happen to be the religious and spiritual guide of two hundred Million Indian Muslims. AIOIM is recognized in that capacity and role both at the national and international level. This is the largest Imam Organization in the world and is so uniquely placed that prominent national and global bodies belonging to all walks of life utilize its services – www.allindiaimamorganization.org.
- The United Religions Initiative URI is a global grassroots interfaith network that cultivates peace and justice by engaging people to bridge religious and cultural differences and work together for the good of their communities and the world. URI implements its mission through local and global initiatives that build the capacity of our more than 525 member groups and organizations, called Cooperation Circles, to engage in community action such as conflict resolution and reconciliation, environmental sustainability, education, women’s and youth programs, and advocacy for human rights – www.uri.org.
- The Elijah Interfaith Institute is an international organization based in Jerusalem dedicated to fostering peace between the world’s diverse faith communities through interfaith dialogue, education, research and dissemination. The Elijah Board of World Religious Leaders brings together some of the world’s most prominent religious figures from Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and the Religions of India. The leaders they are involving (including the Dalai Lama, the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew and the Catholic Cardinal Jorge Maria Mejia, among others) represent several hundred million people or more – www.elijah-interfaith.org.
- The Temple of Understanding has led the way in interfaith education and advocacy for over 50 years. ToU educates youth and adults both cross culturally and inter-religiously for global citizenship and peaceful coexistence; advocates for acceptance and respect for religious pluralism by the worlds governing bodies; and actively continue to promote justice and tolerance. The organization was founded in 1960 by a pioneering visionary, Juliet Hollister, with the support of a distinguished group of “Founding Friends,” which included Eleanor Roosevelt, Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras, Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Sir Zafrula Khan, H.H. Pope John XXIII, Anwar al-Sadat and H.H. the XIVth Dalai Lama, among others – www.templeofunderstanding.org.
- The Council of 13 Indigenous Grandmothers represents a global alliance of prayer, education and healing for our Mother Earth, all Her inhabitants, all the children, and for the next seven generations to come. We are deeply concerned with the unprecedented destruction of our Mother Earth and the destruction of indigenous ways of life. We believe the teachings of our ancestors will light our way through an uncertain future. We look to further our vision through the realization of projects that protect our diverse cultures: lands, medicines, language and ceremonial ways of prayer and through projects that educate and nurture our children – grandmotherscouncil.org.
- YeyeOsun Institute of Sacred Balance & Humanity4Water Awards is dedicated to preserving, sustaining and protecting the ancient spirit of our waterways and earth. We are deeply inspired by the West African Water Mother Osun who symbolizes the birth and maintenance of a noble compassionate beautiful earth and waters. Awareness raising, sharing wisdom from the waters and indigenous green practices, international collaborations of leaders around the world, implementation of innovative sustainable solutions YeyeOsun ignites the dynamic spirit of activism within each individual to be the change they wish to see. Yeye Osun was founded by prominent eco conscious spiritual leaders Yeye Omileye Achikeobi-Lewis and Chief Olu Derrick Lewis – www.yeyeosun.com.
- Forum 21 Institute Forum 21 is a multidisciplinary research association focusing on the issues facing the world today. Forum 21 works with like-minded organizations and individuals toward developing a new paradigm in which people live and work by a new ethic and framework, using science, technology, and other aspects of human knowledge in a responsible and sustainable way, and at the same time respecting all humanity and its diverse cultures. Forum 21 supports research that addresses water-related issues such as sustainable and affordable water desalination that could help resolve the global crisis of water shortage – www.forum-21.org.
- International Research Institute of Relative Economics is a path breaking concept which evolved through deep study, rational thinking and brain storming. With the vision directed by his Holy Highness Acharya Mahapragya, (14 June 1920 – 9 May 2010) who was the tenth head of the Svetambar Terapanth school of Jainism, we are striving to establishing a New Thinking of Business Economics and it’s relationship with Human Life – www.irire.org.
- Globaethics.net Foundation based in Geneva, Switzerland is a global online network with over 90.000 registered participants interested in various fields of applied ethics. It offers access to a large number of resources on ethics, especially through its leading global digital ethics library and facilitates collaborative web-based research, conferences, online publishing and information sharing. Our purpose as an organization is to create a culture of justice, peace, mutual understanding and sustainability for all living beings, and we recognize WASH as pivotal area of action to accomplish our mission – www.globethics.net.
- Inner Sense focuses on coaching and training programs related to personal development, advanced leadership, and team development in business. Together with the Soetendorp Institute and Earth Charter Netherlands, Inner Sense organized “Wings for Water” – the multi-stakeholder dialogue on water hosted by the Dutch government in March 2013. Inner Sense is now working towards establishing the “Wings for Water”® international platform to bring together leaders from different sectors of society for fostering smart WASH solutions. The Wings for Water Platform will be a major organizational partner for GIWA – www.innersense.nl.
- The Ecumenical One World Initiative reaches into the churches and the German society for encouraging individuals to explore more just and responsible ways of living: ways of living that are based on dialogue, solidarity, simplicity and respect for nature. The EOWI is part of the One World with its wonderful diversity of flora and fauna, and of a humankind with all peoples, cultures, and religions. These two aspects are combined in the original Greek word oikoumene. The EOWI coordinates all activities related to the Earth Charter in Germany – www.erdcharta.de.
- The United Church of Christ is – drawn together by the Holy Spirit – a distinct and diverse community of Christians that come together as one church, joining faith and action. In covenant with the church in all of its settings, we serve God in the co-creation of a just and sustainable world as made manifest in the Gospel of Jesus Christ – www.ucc.org.
- The Ecumenical Water Network is an international network of churches and Christian organizations. The Secretariat of the Ecumenical Water Network is located at the World Council of Churches in Geneva. EWN facilitates an exchange of information and provides materials for churches, other Christian organizations, partners and individuals about the global water crisis and community-based solutions and initiatives. It also promotes and coordinates advocacy towards the recognition and implementation of the human right to water – water.oikoumene.org.
- BRAC is a development organisation dedicated to alleviating poverty by empowering the poor to bring about change in their own lives. We were founded in Bangladesh in 1972 and over the course of our evolution, established ourselves as a pioneer in recognising and tackling the many different realities of poverty – www.brac.net.
- EcoPeace/Friends of the Earth Middle East is reaching out to Muslim, Christian and Jewish faith communities around the world to invite them all to work together to rehabilitate the river and its ecosystem. Education materials and resources are available for lay leaders and clergy, to learn and teach about the river and its importance for each of the three religions, as well as about the problem’s that impact the river and the real solutions that can be implemented through peaceful cooperation by those who live in the region. Environmental peacemaking in the Middle East can be achieved through the holy Jordan River – www.foeme.org.
Inspired by the Earth Charter
The Earth Charter is a universal expression of ethical principles to foster sustainable development. The Earth Charter Initiative is the global network that embraces, uses and integrates the Earth Charter principles.The founding of GIWA is inspired by the Earth Charter – www.earthcharterinaction.org
For more information, please visit www.giwaconference2013.org, as well as www.i-wash.org and contact Michael Slaby, GIWA Manager at the Jacob Soetendorp Institute for Human Values at firstname.lastname@example.org
THE CHALLENGE IN DISASTER REDUCTION FOR THE WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR: Improving Quality of Life by Reducing Vulnerabilities,“ Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), 2006<|endoftext|>Çatı Şiltesi
Şilte formunda olup, şekli itibariyle detaylara mükemmel uyum sağlayarak olası termal ve akustik kaçaklarını engeller. Hızlı ve kolay kurulum yapılabilen çatı şiltesi A1 yanmazlık sınıfında yer almaktadır. Kullanılan çatılarda arası mertek aralarında, üzerine yük gelmeyen yatay uygulamalarda, Metal ve sandviç çatılarda veya kullanılmayan çatılarda zemine serilerek kullanılır. 1 ve 2 yüzü folyo kaplı tipleride mevcuttur.<|endoftext|>جمعه ۲۷ مرداد ۱۳۹۶ ایران ۱۵:۴۶
مقام سازمان ملل:عالمگير شدن آنفولانزای مرغی ميتواند ١٥٠ ميليون نفر را بکشد
يک مقام بهداشت در سازمان ملل هشدار داده است که وقوع عالمگير شدن شيوع آنفولانزای مرغی ميتواند تا ١٥٠ ميليون نفر را بکشد.
روز پنجشنبه آقای داويد نابارو اين اظهار نظر را پس از آنکه به رياست کوشش جهانی برای مبارزه با شيوع گسترده اين ويروس تعيين شد، ابراز داشت.
وی گفت احتمال بسيار زيادی هست که اين ويروس تغيير شکل داده و خيلی سريع در تماس انسان با انسان گسترش يابد.
در دو سال اخير، ويروس آنفولانزای مرغی بيش از ٦٠ نفر را در چهار کشور آسيائی کشته است. تا کنون اکثر قربانيان کسانی بوده اند که در تماس نزديک با پرندگان مريض قرار داشته اند.
دکتر نابارو اشاره کرد که عالمگير شدن آنفولانزا در سال ١٩١٨ بيش از ٤٠ ميليون نفر را کشت. رويداد هاي شيوع با شدت کمتر نيز در سالهای ١٩٥٧ و ١٩٦٨ اتفاق افتادند.<|endoftext|>The Internet's 25 years and future with open source | Opensource.com
The Internet's 25 years and future with open source
What began as ARPANET back in 1969, has become the Internet as we know it today. This year on March 12 marked 25 years of the World Wide Web. It all got started when...
In March 1989 Tim Berners-Lee, a scientist working at CERN, submitted a proposal to develop a radical new way of linking and sharing information over the internet.
This new way of 'linking and sharing information' speaks to the heart of what many call the open source way and is emblematic of how open source communities operate and communicate. In turn, the Internet has influenced the growth and evolution of open source technology on many levels.
Sharing has many meanings in an open source ecosystem. It can mean sharing skills, sharing knowledge, and modifying those processes and bits of information to innovate new ways of doing things. The Internet has helped remove barriers to production and cooperation that has made creating in the open possible on a global scale.
The term open source is directly linked to the Internet. Back in January 1998, Netscape released the code of the Internet browser, Navigator, under the Netscape Public License. In reaction to Netscape’s release, a group of people from the software freedom movement suggested and adopted the term open source. The principles behind this process and way of licensing software has grown, evolving beyond code.
We are living in a knowledge economy. Information, big data, and access are what businesses and individuals are striving for on professional and personal levels. We share information through the Internet, and it is because of the Internet that organisations like the Open Knowledge Foundation and Creative Commons have been founded and now operate globally.
Communication and information sharing has been key to the growth of the Internet. What began with just 1% of all communication flowing through two-way telecommunication networks in 1993, grew to 51% in 2000, and reached more than 97% in 2007. Commerce, entertainment, and social media are channels that put demand on the Internet and make it grow faster and farther. In recent years, eCommerce and cloud solutions have been creating new waves of growth and change. And, it was open source technology like Linux and Apache that it possible. Roughly 67% of all web servers are running on Linux, and 60% run the Apache web server application.
Open data and open access
The Internet has made it possible for public organisations, like local governments and scientific researchers, to share their data. In response to open data and open access to that data, standards have been created around sharing this information, thus we have open standards for open data. One of the first standards was the TCP/IP protocol, part of the backbone of the Internet. TCP/IP, being a common internetworking protocol, made it possible to connect different network methods thus creating the Internet (which is short for internetworking).
The future of the Internet
As the Internet continues to expand in new ways, so do innovations and revolutions. Anyone can contribute to open source projects. And, today we're seeing open hardware, the Internet of Things, and the Maker movement take hold and change the way we are solving problems and shaping the world.
The Internet also provides access to new innovations and ideas for people around the world. Groups like the Internet Society are dedicated to ensure an open Internet continues, now and for future generations, in order to ensure that "the Internet stays open, transparent and defined by you."<|endoftext|>cmd体育改进型直10装备部队心脏病彻底治愈巴基斯坦或求购
单于有太子名冒顿。後有所爱阏氏，生少子，而单于欲废冒顿而立少子，乃使冒顿质於月氏。冒顿既质於月氏，而头曼急击月氏。月氏欲杀冒顿，冒顿盗其善马，骑之亡归。头曼以为壮，令将万骑。冒顿乃作为鸣镝，习勒其骑射，令曰：“鸣镝所射而不悉射者，斩之。”行猎鸟兽，有不射鸣镝所射者，辄斩之。已而冒顿以鸣镝自射其善马，左右或不敢射者，冒顿立斩不射善马者。居顷之，复以鸣镝自射其爱妻，左右或颇恐，不敢射，冒顿又复斩之。居顷之，冒顿出猎，以鸣镝射单于善马，左右皆射之。於是冒顿知其左右皆可用。从其父单于头曼猎，以鸣镝射头曼，其左右亦皆随鸣镝而射杀单于头曼，遂尽诛其後母与弟及大臣不听从者。冒顿自立为单于。
惠普董事长奇普·伯夫（ChipBergh）在声明中称：“正如我们此前所说，我们非常担心施乐激进而仓促的策略，任何不基于充分信息的程序都是对我们股东的威胁。”
北宫玄武，虚、危。危为盖屋；虚为哭泣之事。
林世豪注意到，公司服务的5000家客户当中，除了大公司和自己做品牌的公司有一些库存，规模较小的跨境电商的发货量已经开始减少。但在印度，即使规模较大的跨境电商公司，库存也不足以支撑到3月底。
及诸侯畔秦，魏豹立为魏王，而魏媪内其女於魏宫。媪之许负所相，相薄姬，云当生天子。是时项羽方与汉王相距荥阳，天下未有所定。豹初与汉击楚，及闻许负言，心独喜，因背汉而畔，中立，更与楚连和。汉使曹参等击虏魏王豹，以其国为郡，而薄姬输织室。豹已死，汉王入织室，见薄姬有色，诏内後宫，岁馀不得幸。始姬少时，与管夫人、赵子兒相爱，约曰：“先贵无相忘<|endoftext|>- 1850 CE - 1899 CE (5)
- 1500 CE - 1699 CE (1)
- 1800 CE - 1849 CE (1)
- 1900 CE - 1949 CE (1)
- 500 CE - 1499 CE (1)
- Portrait photographs (2)
- Arabic poetry (1)
- Clothing and dress (1)
- Costumes (1)
- Criticism (1)
- Dole, Sanford B. (Sanford Ballard), 1844-1926 (1)
- Entertainers (1)
- Fedorov, Ivan, circa 1510-1583 (1)
- Huts (1)
- Indochina (1)
- Khansāʼ, died approximately 645 (1)
- Kings and rulers (1)
- Liliuokalani, Queen of Hawaii, 1838-1917 (1)
- Medals (1)
- Monuments and memorials (1)
- Nicholas I, Emperor of Russia, 1796-1855 (1)
- Operas (1)
- Poetry (1)
- Portraits (1)
- Printing--Ukraine (1)
- Singers (1)
- Treaties (1)
- Tribal chiefs (1)
- Zulu (African people) (1)
Type of Item
The First Russian Book Printer, 1583
This book, published in Kiev in 1895, is a short biography of Ivan Fyodorov (circa 1510–83), intended for the general reader. Along with Schweipolt Fiol and Francysk Skaryna, Fyodorov was one of the fathers of printing in the East Slavic region. He graduated from Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland, and later worked in Moscow, where he published liturgical works using movable type, the first books printed in Russia. He was driven from Moscow by scribes who feared competition from his innovation and fled to
|
5 | 4 | 0 |
2016)
Hodges, P. (1999). Is there a role for transversus abdominis in lumbo-pelvic stability? Manual Therapy, 4(2):74-86.
Hodges P., Gandevia S. & Richardson C. (1997). Contractions of specific abdominal muscles in postural tasks are affected by respiratory maneuvers. Journal of Applied Physiology, 83(3);753-760.
Hughes, J., Fresco, D., Myerscough, R., van Dulmen, H., Manfred ; Carlson, L., Josephson, R.(2013). Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Prehypertension. Psychosomatic Medicine, 75(8); 721-728.
Kabat-Zinn, J. (1994). Wherever you go, there you are. New York: Hyperion.
Kang, H., Lee, H., Shim, J., Shin, Y., Park, B. & Lee, Y. (2010). Association between screen time and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents in Korea: The 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 89(1); 72–78.
Kendall, F., McCreary, E. & Provance, P. (1993). Muscles Testing and Function (4th ed.) with Posture and Pain. Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore, MD
Kjaer, M., Langberg, H., Heinemeier, K., Bayer, M., Hansen, M., Holm, L., Doessing, S., Kongsgaard, M., Krogsgaard, M. & Magnusson, S. (2009). From mechanical loading to collagen synthesis, structural changes and function in human tendon. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 19, 500-510.
Landers, M., Barker, G., Wallentine, S., McWhorter, J. & Peel, C. (2003). A comparison of tidal volume, breathing frequency, and minute ventilation between two sitting postures in healthy adults. Physiotherapy Theory & Practice, 19;109–119 Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09593980307958 (Accessed 5/30/2016)
Langevin, H., Bouffard, N., Fox, J., Palmer, B., Wu, J., Iatridis, J., Barnes, W., Badger, G. & Howe, A. (2011). Fibroblast cytoskeletal remodeling contributes to connective tissue tension. Journal of Cell Physiology, 226(5); 1166–1175.
Lin, F., Parthasarathy, S., Taylor, S., Pucci, D., Hendrix, R. & Makhsous M. (2006). Effect of different sitting postures on lung capacity, expiratory flow, and lumbar lordosis. Archives of Physical & Medical Rehabilitation, 87(4);504-509.
Martini, F. & Bartholomew, E. (2010). Essentials of anatomy and physiology. 5th ed. Pearson Education; San Francisco, California.
McCraty, R., Atkinson, M., Tiller, W., Rein, G. & Watkins, A. (1995). The effects of emotions on short-term power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability. The American Journal of Cardiology, 76 (14); 1089-1093.
Miller, J. (2014). The Roll Model®: The Roll Model: A Step-by-Step Guide to Erase Pain, Improve Mobility, and Live Better in Your Body. Victory Belt Publishing: Las Vegas, NV.
Mirams L., Poliakoff E., Brown R. & Lloyd, D. (2013). Brief body-scan meditation practice improves somatosensory perceptual decision making. Consciousness and Cognition 22 (2013) 348–359. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22889642 (Accessed 6/11/2016)
Moore, M., Brown, D., Money, N. & Bates, M. (2011). Mind body skills for regulating the autonomic nervous system: Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (www.dcoe.health.mil), V.2
O’Sullivan, P., Grahamslaw, K., Kendell, M., Lapenskie, S., Möller, N. & Richards, K. (2002). The effect of different standing and sitting postures on trunk muscle activity in a pain-free population. Spine, 27(11);1238-1244.
O’Sullivan, S. & Schmitz, T. (2001). Physical rehabilitation: assessment and treatment (4th ed.), Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company.
Owen, N., Sparling, P., Healy, G., Dunstan, D. & Matthews, C. (2010). Sedentary Behavior: Emerging Evidence for a New Health Risk. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Dec; 85(12); 1138–1141. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2996155/ (Accessed on 5/23/2016).
Park, K. & Oh, J. (2014) Influence of thoracic flexion syndrome on proprioception in the thoracic spine. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 26; 1549–1550.
Ryff, C., Singer, B. & Dienberg Love, G. (2004). Positive health: connecting well-being with biology. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences, 359; 1383–1394. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1693417/pdf/15347530.pdf Accessed on (5/22/2016).
Sakakibara, M., Takeuchi, S. & Hayano, J. (1994). Effect of relaxation training on cardiac parasympathetic tone. Psychophysiology, 31: 223-228
Schleip, R. (2003). Fascial plasticity – a new neurobiological explanation, Part I. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 7(1); 1-19.
Sharma, G. & Goodwin, J. (2006). Effect of aging on respiratory system physiology and immunology. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1(3): 253–260.
Somers, V., Mark, A. & Abboud, F. (1991). Interaction of baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in normal humans. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 87, 1953-1957.
Sroykham W. & Wongsawat Y. (2013). Effects of LED-backlit computer screen and emotional selfregulation on human melatonin production. Proceedings of 2013 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS), Osaka, Japan; July 3-7, 2013.
Stauss, H. (2003). Heart rate variability. American Journal of Physiology – Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 285( 5); R927-R931. DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00452.2003
Sudsuang, R., Chentanez, V. & Veluvan, K. (1991). Effect of Buddhist meditation on serum cortisol and total protein levels, blood pressure, pulse rate, lung volume and reaction time. Physiology & Behavior, 50 (3); 543-548
Tang, Y., Holzel, B. & Posner, M. (2015). The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation. Nature Reviews; Neuroscience, 16(4):213-225.
Tham, S, Lewandowski Holley, A., Zhou, C., Clarke, G., & Palermo, T. (2013). Longitudinal Course and Risk Factors for Fatigue in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Sleep Disturbances. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 38(10); 1070–1080. Available at: http://jpepsy.oxfordjournals.org/content/38/10/1070.full.pdf+html/ (Accessed on 5/22/2016).
United States Bone and Joint Initiative: The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States (BMUS), Third Edition, 2014. Rosemont, IL. Available at: http://www.boneandjointburden.org. (Accessed on 5/22/2016).
van der Zwan,J., de Vente, W., Huizink, A., Bögels, S. & de Bruin, E. (2015). Physical Activity, Mindfulness Meditation, or Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback for Stress Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Applied Psychophysioly and Biofeedback,40(4); 257–268.
Wang, D., Rao, H., Korczykowski ,M., Wintering, N., Pluta, J., Khalsa, D.S., Newberg, A.B. (2011). Cerebral blood flow changes associated with different meditation practices and perceived depth of meditation. Psychiatry Res. 30;191(1):60-7.
Womersley L. & May S. (2006). Sitting posture of subjects with postural backache. Journal of Manipulative & Physiological Therapeutics, 29(3); 213-218.
Workplace Wellness: The Role of Ergonomics and Movement (Sep 01, 2017) https://ohsonline.com/Articles/2017/09/01/Workplace-Wellness.aspx?Page=2<|endoftext|>رییس مرکز بهداشت خوزستان گفت: امروزه در سازمان جهانی بهداشت، کشورها را نه بر اساس درآمد و میزان فروش نفت و کارخانه ها بلکه بر اساس شاخص های بهداشتی تقسیم بندی می کنند و توسعه یافتگی تا اندازه زیادی مربوط به شاخص های بهداشتی به ویژه مرگ و میر کودکان و مادران باردار اندازه گرفته می شود.
به گزارش ایسنا، دکتر شکراله سلمان زاده در جلسه هفته ملی کودک که امروز (۸ مهرماه) در استانداری برگزار شد، اظهار کرد: سیمای بیماری ها در کشور ما تغییر کرده است. تا گذشته ای نه چندان دور عامل اصلی مرگ و میر کودکان زیر ۵ سال در کشور ما بیماری های عفونی بود اما با اقدامات خوب حوزه سلامت، بیماریهای عفونی کنترل شده اند ولی امروزه کودکان به علل دیگری فوت می کنند. با توجه به آمار سال ۹۳، ۲۵ درصد علت مرگ و میرهای کودکان ناهنجاری های مادرزادی بوده که البته به نحوی اگر مراقبت های قبل و حین بارداری به خوبی انجام شود، این رقم قابل پیشگیری است.
وی افزود: در حال حاضر حوادث و سوانح ۱۹ درصد، بیماری های سیستم تنفسی ۱۲٫۵ درصد و بیماری های عفونی تنها ۱۱ درصد موارد مرگ و میر کودکان زیر ۵ سال را شامل می شوند.
سلمان زاده ادامه داد: امروزه در سازمان جهانی بهداشت، کشورها را نه بر اساس درآمد و میزان فروش نفت و کارخانه ها بلکه بر اساس شاخص های بهداشتی تقسیم بندی می کنند و توسعه یافتگی تا اندازه زیادی مربوط به شاخص های بهداشتی به ویژه مرگ و میر کودکان و مادران باردار اندازه گرفته می شود.
وی بیان کرد: مرگ و میر نوزادان در کشور ما ۱۰ در هر یک هزار تولد زنده است؛ در این محاسبه، منظور از نوزادی، ۳۰ روز اول زندگی است. این رقم در کودکان زیر یک سال، ۱۳٫۸ در یک هزار تولد زنده و رقم مرگ کودکان زیر ۵ سال ۱۵٫۶ است که این آمار در استان خوزستان کمتر از میزان کشوری است.
رییس مرکز بهداشت خوزستان گفت: خوشبختانه در خوزستان در سال ۹۳ نسبت به سال ۹۲ مرگ و میر کودکان زیر ۵ سال از ۷٫۲ در هر یک هزار تولد زنده به ۵٫۹ کاهش یافته است.
وی با اشاره به برگزاری هفته ملی کودک در کشور همزمان با ۱۶ مهرماه روز جهانی کودک، افزود: در هفته کودک، ارتقا ایمنی کودکان مورد توجه قرار گرفته و بدین منظور اقدامات ویژه ای انجام خواهد شد. پوستری دراین زمینه تهیه شده که طریق رسانه ها و نصب در مناطق مختلف رونمایی خواهد شد. همچنین یک انیمیشن تحت عنوان جلوگیری از حوادث در کودکان تهیه شده که از طریق شبکه های اجتماعی در اختیار مردم قرار خواهد گرفت.
سلمان زاده اظهار کرد: مقاله های آموزشی و تحقیقی که توسط اساتید دانشگاهی انجام می شود از طریق سایت دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی شاپور و روزنامه ها در اختیار مردم قرار می گیرد.
وی گفت: توصیه می شود کانون پرورش فکری کودکان استان نمایش های عروسکی در هفته کودک با عنوان پیشگیری از حوادث در کودکان در برنامه قرار دهد که مرکز بهداشت هم با ارائه سناریوهای لازم می تواند در این زمینه کمک کند.
سلمان زاده بیان کرد: همچنین توصیه می شود پلیس راهور با اجرای برنامه نمادین در شهر، آموزش های لازم را به کودکان در خصوص جلوگیری از حوادث ترافیکی ارائه دهد.
وی با اشاره به لزوم ایجاد اتاق شیر مادر در سطح استان گفت: لازم است مکان هایی برای شیر دادن مادران در مکان های مختلف مانند فرودگاه ها و پارک ها ایجاد شود. متاسفانه در شهرهای ما محل مناسبی که مادر، نوزاد خود را شیر دهد وجود ندارد که با توجه به وجود آن در بیشتر کشورهای دنیا و اخیرا در تهران، جهت ایجاد آن در سطح استان خوزستان نیز باید اقدام شود.
سلمان زاده ضمن اشاره به روز جهانی تخم مرغ در ۱۷ مهر ماه بیان کرد: توصیه می شود به این مناسبت و با توجه به مصادف بودن آن با هفته کودک، اداره آموزش و پرورش، با توجه به ارزش غذایی بالای این ماده غذایی، ارائه یک صبحانه شامل تخم مرغ را در سطح مهدکودک ها و مدارس برگزار کند.
غلامرضا شنبدی، مدیرکل کانون پرورش فکری کودکان خوزستان نیز در این جلسه از اجرای برنامه های ویژه هفته ملی کودک از ۱۷ تا ۲۱ مهرماه خبر داد و اظهار کرد: تمامی مراکز کانون پرورش فکری کودکان در سطح استان خوزستان، برنامه های ویژه ای در هفته کودک برگزار خواهد کرد. در اهواز نیز، مجتمع پرورش فکری کودکان در منطقه پادادشهر پتانسیل اجرای جشنواره های مختلف را دارد.
وی با اشاره به نامگذاری روزهای هفته ملی کودک ادامه داد: ۱۵ مهر ماه به عنوان کودک، سلامت و ایمنی نامگذاری شده که تقاضا شده با همکاری مجموعه بهداشت و درمان استان در این روز در محل مجتمع فرهنگی اهواز، معرفی و افتتاحیه سایت سلامت کودکان، آموزش کودکان و نوجوانان و خانواده های آنها در راستای بالا بردن سطح آگاهی آنها، توزیع بسته های آموزشی، آموزش کمک های اولیه و فوریت های پزشکی و استقرار آمبولانس اورژانس در محل برگزاری جشنواره انجام شود.
شنبدی گفت: ۱۶ مهر به عنوان کودک، هنر و میراث فرهنگی نامگذاری شده که انتظار می رود سازمان میراث فرهنگی برنامه های بازدید از اماکن زیارتی و سیاحتی و موزه ها برای کودکان و نوجوانان، معرفی جاذبه های تاریخی را در دستور کار خود قرار دهد.
مدیرکل کانون پرورش فکری کودکان و نوجوانان خوزستان اظهار کرد: ۱۷ مهر نیز به عنوان کودک، خانواده و رسانه نامگذاری شده که برگزاری برنامه های کارشناس محور، ارائه گزارش از فعالیت های کودک و نوجوان در سطح استان و مرکز آن، پوشش خبری برنامه ها و فعالیت های سازمان در طول هفته و پخش پیام های آموزشی به صورت زیرنویس در ارتباط با کودکان در دستور کار است.
وی افزود: ۱۸ مهر به عنوان روز کودک و کتابخوانی نامگذاری شده که برگزاری نمایشگاه کتاب در مجتمع پرورش فکری از برنامه های این روز است و مسئولیت آن بر عهده نهاد کتابخانه های استان خوزستان خواهد بود.
شنبدی گفت: ۱۹ مهر به عنوان کودک، محیط زیست و منابع طبیعی که طی آن کارشناس محیط زیست جهت آموزش به کودکان در مجتمع پرورش فکری حضور خواهد یافت.
وی افزود: ۲۰ مهر، با عنوان کودک، دنیا، صلح و دوستی نامگذاری شده که طی آن اجرای برنامه مناسب با مسئولیت سازمان مربوطه در مجتمع پرورش فکری استان برگزار خواهد داشت.
مدیرکل کانون پرورش فکری کودکان خوزستان ادامه داد: ۲۱ مهر، نیز با نام کودک، آموزش و تربیت اسلامی نامگذاری شده که برنامه های آن با کمک آموزش و پرورش و شهرداری ها انجام خواهد شد.
شنبدی عنوان کرد: برگزاری همایش همیاران پلیس با همکاری ناجا در نمایشگاه مجتمع پرورش فکری استان نیز در دستور کار است. همچنین استقرار ایستگاه نقاشی کودکان در بلوار ساحلی کیانپارس از دیگر برنامه های این هفته خواهد بود.
حجت الاسلام و المسلمین سپهر، مدیر نهاد کتابخانه های خوزستان نیز در این جلسه اظهار کرد: در ۱۶۳ کتابخانه استان خوزستان، کتابخانه های ویژه کودکان نیز وجود دارد، همچنین ۹۰ کتابخانه مستقل بخش کودک در اختیار داریم که استقبال زیادی هم از این کتابخانه ها آنها می شود.
وی گفت: تعداد عناوین کتابهای موجود بخش کودک در کتابخانه های استان خوزستان ۱۹۲ هزار و ۳۱۶ عنوان کتاب است که سرمایه بسیار بزرگی است. تعداد کتابخانه های بخش کودک که سالیانه در کتابخانه ها به امانت برده می شود، ۳۰ هزار و ۵۸۴ جلد است و تعداد کتابهایی که در این زمینه به خارج از کتابخانه ها به امانت برده می شود ۹۹ هزار و ۱۵۴ کتاب در سال است که آمار قابل توجهی است.
سپهر با بیان این که در هفته ملی کودک برنامه کتابخوانی در کتابخانه های استان انجام خواهد شد، گفت: مجموع کتابهایی که در سال گذشته در بخش به امانت برده شد، ۱۲۹ هزار جلد کتاب بوده است.<|endoftext|>Qual è il modello di business di Change.org?
Change.org non è un ente di beneficenza: è una società di pubblica utilità (PBC) di proprietà senza scopo di lucro. Ciò significa che ci dedichiamo a un impatto sociale positivo e la nostra missione e il nostro impegno a dare potere alle persone ovunque sono legalmente parte dello statuto aziendale dell'azienda.
Stiamo cercando di costruire la piattaforma più incisiva per apportare il cambiamento che le persone ovunque possono utilizzare: strutturarci come una start-up tecnologica ci consente di farlo nel modo più efficace.
A partire dal 2021, Change.org è passato al 100% di proprietà senza scopo di lucro dalla Fondazione Change.org, rendendoci la più grande piattaforma tecnologica di proprietà senza scopo di
|
5 | 4 | 1 |
مزایان آن در زمینه های مشاوره ازدواج،کمک هزینه عقد و عروسی،کمک هزینه جهیزیه،کمک هزینه مسکن و…دریافت نمایند.
انتهای پیام ۱۰۱/
ارسال دیدگاهمجموع دیدگاهها : 0در انتظار بررسی : 0انتشار یافته : 0<|endoftext|>Emilia Bernal de Agüero was born in Cuba, and lived in Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Chile, and New York. She was married young and had four children before 1908. She taught college literature. In 1909 she separated from her husband, and began publishing in 1910. After her divorce, she joined the Cuban diplomatic staff. She was known as a rebel, non-conformist, and political writer (Vega Ceballos). She wrote for La Nación, Bohemia, Social, and El Fígaro (Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes).
The Mallorcan writer Llorenç Villalonga, author of Silvia Ocampo (1935), wrote the novel Fedre and the first part of Madame Dillon based on his relationship with Bernal (Pomar).
Henríquez Ureña mentions Bernal as a modernist and follower of Martí in his history of modernismo. Emilia Bernal translated from Catalan, Portuguese, and other languages into Spanish; her translation work includes a book of poems by Rosalia del Castro.
Her publications include: Alma Errante, poems (1916); Cómo los pájaros! poems and translations (1923); Layka Froyka, autobiography (1925); Los nuevos motivos, 1925; Exaltación (1934); Poetas catalanes de hoy, translations (1927); Cuestiones cubanas para América, political essays, (1928); and Negro (1938).
Though her work is often spoken of as personal, modernista, or lyrical, Bernal was engaged in politics for much of her life and read a series of lectures in Spain, Portugal, and elsewhere on Cuban and United States politics (Davies 22). Along with many other feminists such as María Luisa Milanés, she allied herself with anti-racist movements and described herself as a sister-in-arms of enslaved people–going so far as to declare that all women were slaves because of the lack of female suffrage and other factors (Davies 57).
Anderson-Imbert said of her: “Tender, ardent, intuitive, was capable of denying these qualities in herself in order to complicate sounds which brought her close to a poetry which, under the heading ‘abnormality’ will be studied in the second part of this panorama. Those who remain, then, are Cubans of the ‘abnormality’ – Mariano Brull, Navarro Luna, and others . . .” (337). What Anderson-Imbert calls “the abnormality” is the “vanguardist subversion” against modernismo.
Bernal is noticably absent from many biographical dictionaries of Latin American writers.
“Pedrería” plays with modernista color symbolism; the gems represent ideals of perfect beauty. Rather than setting a scene of fantasy to which the soul of the poet is transported, or a situation of transmutation to a plane of ideals, Bernal engages sensually and physically with the perfect beauty of the gems. “A una rosa” (1916) is a poem in sexta rima with a scandalous subtext: the rose and its stalk are limp and drooping, while the poet wishes and imagines that her efforts will make it stand erect again. “Hierro” is from the México chapter of Bernal’s 1937 book América. There is an earlier version of the poem from 1925, but I have not yet found it. In “Hierro,” Bernal ventures into the realm of free verse and presents a vision of industrialization, and Mexico, as boldly but perturbingly masculine.<|endoftext|>Fenerbahçe Molde maçı bu akşam nefesleri kesecek bir mücadeleye sahne olacak. Fenerbahçe sahasında Norveç temsilcisi Molde'yi konuk edecek. Sezon başında kadrosuna kattığı yıldız isimlerle hedefini Avrupa'da başarılı olmaya koyan sarı-lacivertliler, Molde maçıyla iyi bir başlangıç yapıp taraftarlarının yüzünü güldürmek istiyor. Peki Fenerbahçe Molde maçı hangi kanalda saat kaçta ve şifresiz mi yayınlanacak?
Sarı-lacivertliler, Avrupa kupalarında oynadığı 194 maçın 69'unu kazandı, 87'sini yitirdi - Avrupa arenasında 31 ülkeden 82 farklı takımla eşleşen "Sarı Kanaryalar", ilk kez bir Norveç ekibine karşı mücadele edecek. UEFA Avrupa Ligi A Grubu'nda yarın ilk maçında Norveç'in Molde takımıyla karşılaşacak Fenerbahçe, Avrupa arenasında 195. sınavına çıkacak. Farklı kulvarlarda bugüne dek çıktığı 194 maçın 69'unu kazanan sarı-lacivertli ekip, 87 maçı yitirdi, 38 karşılaşmada da sahadan beraberlikle ayrıldı. Bu maçlarda rakip fileleri 241 kez havalandıran Fenerbahçe, kalesinde 297 gol gördü.
Fenerbahçe Molde maçı hangi kanalda saat kaçta, maç şifresiz mi?
Fenerbahçe Molde maçı bu akşam saat 20:00'da başlayacak. Mücadele TRT 1 ve Tivibu spor kanallarından ortak yayınla ekranlara gelecek.
İç sahada 97. maç
Fenerbahçe, iç sahada 97. Avrupa kupası maçına Molde karşısında oynayacak. Sarı-lacivertliler, geride kalan 96 Avrupa kupası mücadelesinde 46 galibiyet aldı, 20 maçta berabere kaldı, 30 kez de yenildi. İç saha maçlarında rakip fileleri toplam 141 kez havalandıran "Sarı Kanaryalar", kalesinde ise 110 gol gördü. Sarı-lacivertlilerin, Avrupa kupalarında ev sahibi takım sıfatıyla oynadığı 96 maçta alınan sonuçların oluşturduğu tablo şöyle:
İlk kez Norveç ekibiyle oynayacak
Fenerbahçe Avrupa kupalarında ilk kez bir Norveç temsilcisiyle karşılaşacak. Avrupa arenasında bugüne dek 31 ülkeden 82 farklı takımla eşleşen sarı-lacivertliler, Norveç ekibine karşı ilk kez mücadele edecek. Norveç'in Molde ekibi, Fenerbahçe'nin Avrupa'da karşılaşacağı 32. ülke takımı olacak. Kupalarda en çok (9 kez) İngiliz ekiplerle eşleşen Fenerbahçe, 8'er kez Fransa, İtalya ve Hollanda, 7 kez de Macaristan takımlarıyla karşılaştı. Alman takımlarıyla 6, Çek Cumhuriyeti, İspanya ve Romanya ekipleriyle beşer, Portekiz temsilcileriyle 4, Ukrayna, Yunanistan ile İsveç takımlarıyla da üçer kez eşleşen "Sarı Kanaryalar", Belçika, Polonya, Bulgaristan, Avusturya, Rusya ve Yunanistan takımlarıyla ikişer kez, Faroe Adaları, Danimarka, Moldova, Sırbistan, Belarus, Kıbrıs Rum Kesimi, İskoçya, Kuzey İrlanda, Lüksemburg, Arnavutluk, İsrail ve Azerbaycan ekipleriyle ise birer kez rakip oldu.
Molde 83. rakip
Norveç ekibi Molde, Fenerbahçe'nin Avrupa kupalarındaki 83. farklı rakibi olarak kayıtlara geçti. Daha önce 82 farklı rakiple karşılaşan sarı-lacivertliler, ilk defa Molde'yle eşleşti. Fenerbahçe, 56 yıllık Avrupa kupaları macerasında ise en fazla İngilizlerin Arsenal, Macarların MTK Budapeşte ve Hollanda'nın PSV Eindhoven takımlarıyla karşı karşıya geldi. Arsenal ile UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi'nde ve ön elemesinde 3 defa eşleşen Fenerbahçe, MTK ile Avrupa Kupa Galipleri Kupası, UEFA Kupası ve UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi ön elemesinde karşılaştı. Sarı-lacivertliler Hollanda'nın ünlü kulübü PSV Eindhoven ile de Avrupa'nın bir numaralı kupasında 3 kez mücadele etti.
Fenerbahçe'de 3 sakat bir cezalı
Fenerbahçe'de sakatlıkları bulunan stoperler Abdoulaye Ba ve Simon Kjaer ile Brezilyalı ortasaha Diego Ribas forma giyemeyecek.
Fenerbahçe'nin yeni transferi Sırp kanat oyuncusu Lazar Markovic de, geçen sezondan kalan 2 maçlık cezası nedeniyle kadroda yok. 21 yaşındaki futbolcu, geçen sezon Liverpool formasıyla Şampiyonlar Ligi'ndeki Basel maçında gördüğü kırmızı kart nedeniyle 4 maç ceza almıştı. Markovic, Celtic ile deplasmanda oynanacak maçta cezasını tamamlayacak.
Fenerbahçe Molde maçı hangi kanalda saat kaçta maç şifresiz mi?
Fenerbahçe Molde maçı ile sahasında UEFA Avrupa Ligi karşılaşmasına çıkıyor. Cezası nedeniyle iki sezondan Avrupa Ligi'ne hasret olan sarı-lacivertliler, sahasında bu özleme son veriyor. Fenerbahçe Molde maçıyla birlikte Avrupa liglerinde ilk defa bir Norveç temsilcisiyle karşı karşıya geliyor. Peki Fenerbahçe Molde maçı hangi kanalda saat kaçta şifresiz mi yayınlanacak?
17 Eylül 2015 Perşembe 13:03
Fenerbahçe Molde maçı bu akşam nefesleri kesecek bir mücadeleye sahne olacak. Fenerbahçe sahasında Norveç temsilcisi Molde'yi konuk edecek. Sezon başında kadrosuna kattığı yıldız isimlerle hedefini Avrupa'da başarılı olmaya koyan sarı-lacivertliler, Molde maçıyla iyi bir başlangıç yapıp taraftarlarının yüzünü güldürmek istiyor. Peki Fenerbahçe Molde maçı hangi kanalda saat kaçta ve şifresiz mi yayınlanacak?<|endoftext|>di Boyan Stanislavski
Le elezioni presidenziali polacche si sarebbero dovute tenere il 10 maggio 2020, ma sono state rinviate a causa della pandemia. Il primo turno alla fine si è tenuto il 28 giugno 2020 e il secondo turno si terrà il 12 luglio 2020. Ci sono principalmente due importanti candidati che si incontreranno di nuovo nel secondo turno delle elezioni: l’attuale presidente della Polonia, Andrzej Duda, il rappresentante del Partito Diritto e Giustizia, governato da Jarosław Kaczyński, e l’attuale sindaco di Varsavia Rafał Trzaskowski, rappresentante di Piattaforma Civica, il partito di Donald Tusk. Dopo il primo turno delle elezioni, Andrzej Duda ha avuto il 43,5% dei voti e Trzaskowski il 30,5%.
Per i giornalisti si tratta di Elezioni particolarmente importanti perché potrebbero determinare il futuro politico del paese anche se io non le vedo tanto diverse dalle altre.
Forse l’eccitazione dei giornalisti viene dal fatto che c’è una vaga possibilità per il candidato dell’opposizione di vincere al secondo turno e questo significherebbe un ritorno della Polonia alla vecchia strada e nella famiglia dei paesi liberal democratici.
Penso che questa sia un’altra analisi sbagliata che non comprende la natura del processo politico interno. Si è voluto inquadrare queste elezioni in una specie di battaglia tra i liberal democratici e una sorta di autoritarismo nazionalista. Il primo round lo ha vinto Andrzej Duda, il candidato sostenuto da Diritto e Giustizia. Secondo i giornalisti, ha votato per lui chi vuole stabilire una specie di regime dittatoriale in Polonia ma ovviamente non è così, come non è corretto dire che chi ha votato per Trzaskowski sia ossessionato dalla liberal democrazia, cosa vera solo in parte. In realtà questo voto è stato di protesta contro il nuovo status quo implementato da Diritto e Giustizia a partire dalla sua vittoria delle elezioni parlamentari nel 2015, anno in cui anche Duda vinse le elezioni presidenziali.
Vinsero perché il loro slogan principale era “cambiamento” e di certo un cambiamento ci doveva essere, doveva avvenire.
Il cambiamento è in corso, è stato messo in atto ed è per questo che Diritto e Giustizia continua ad avere consensi ma dobbiamo domandarci se questo cambiamento sia stato buono o al contrario abbia portato ad un peggioramento.
L’opposizione, da parte del partito di Tusk e di quello di Trzaskowski, ha raccolto successi molto modesti proprio perché vuole fermare questo cambiamento, questo è il loro slogan. Loro vogliono far tornare il vecchio status quo liberal democratico, anzi quello neo-liberal democratico.
Questo è lo scontro tra l’anciene regime e il nouveau regime, cosa che è inaccettabile.
Bisogna capire che la gente che ha votato per Diritto e Giustizia non lo ha fatto perché lo considera parte di un generale movimento europeo contro la liberal democrazia, così come è stato inquadrato erroneamente dai media. La gente domenica ha votato per Duda perché ha avuto la sensazione di aver perso molto durante gli ultimi tre decenni di transizione. La transizione è stata una restaurazione del capitalismo, della forma più nuova del capitalismo neoliberale. Masse di persone sono cadute in condizioni economiche molto sfavorevoli e hanno sofferto negli ultimi trent’anni per lo smantellamento del vecchio sistema di sicurezza sociale che la vecchia repubblica polacca prevedeva prima del 1989 e fanno fatica a sopravvivere in questo ordine capitalistico neo liberale. Allo stesso modo anche molti degli elettori di Trzaskowski sono stati vittime della transizione, ma continuano a riporre le loro speranze, come la maggior parte della società polacca ha fatto fino a poco tempo fa, nell’Unione Europea, in un ulteriore sviluppo, nella crescita economica e in tutti i miti della transizione che erano diventati leve della propaganda.
Quelli che hanno votato Duda hanno perso la fiducia nelle istituzioni e nel sistema, quando in realtà Diritto e Giustizia e Duda non sono contro il sistema, in realtà stanno cercando di preservarlo ma con modalità diverse, perché il neo liberismo è stato un’onda di distruzione totale, un completo fallimento su troppi livelli: morale, economico sociale. Quelli di Diritto e Giustizia cercano di portare avanti l’idea di un ordine naturale delle cose, c’è la famiglia, c’è la chiesa, c’è la comunità, c’è la nazione. E con questo di fatto non stanno cambiando il sistema in nessun modo, stanno solo cercando di rimettere nella scatola in modo molto aggressivo tutte le cose che ne erano uscite e avevano causato caos. E questo piace a molte persone perché di fatto promuovono l’ideologia individualista, del successo individuale. Se si va indietro al 1989 molte persone si sono rese conto di non essere capaci di sostenere la transizione e la grande frustrazione che è cresciuta nella società ha portato la gente a votare per Diritto e Giustizia, per un partito che a molti in qualche modo sembra contro il sistema e questo perché si è permesso di rompere alcuni accordi per la transizione che erano stati presi durante la tavola rotonda nel 1989 1990.
Uno di questi accordi non rispettati è quello per cui la transizione non avrebbe mai dovuto essere criticata. Quando Diritto e Giustizia è nato, c’era ancora molta poca critica nei confronti di quello che si stava decidendo e ancora si parlava poco di quanto le masse avessero perso negli ultimi 30 anni. Ben presto, però, i politici di Diritto e Giustizia hanno cominciato a dire che la transizione non era giusta ed equa e che loro avrebbero risolto il problema.
Di fatto non hanno criticato il capitalismo e il neoliberismo, hanno cercato di esercitare una specie di gnosticismo anti comunista dicendo che il comunismo non era stato abolito completamente e che questa era la ragione della sofferenza delle persone, cosa che è chiaramente un non senso.
Guardando a quelli che invece hanno votato Trzaskowski la maggioranza di loro ha capito veramente che c’è stato un problema con la transizione ma vedono in Diritto e Giustizia un ostacolo alla continuazione del cambiamento. Puntano il dito sul fatto che Diritto e Giustizia rappresentano una sorta di dittatura, che porteranno la Polonia fuori dell’Unione Eu.
In questa polarizzazione emozionale tra chi supporta il cambiamento e chi è invece contro, il cambiamento che era stato promesso trenta anni fa non si è verificato. Questo ha giovato alla campagna elettorale che è stata un festival dell’atteggiarsi. Duda si è presentato come quello che rappresenta i cittadini normali, ordinari. L’ultima tappa della sua campagna elettorale è stata in un piccolo villaggio, circondato da abitanti di piccoli paesi che lui sostiene di rappresentare. Dall’altra parte Trzaskowski ha fatto una cosa che secondo me non è stata molto apprezzata dalla maggioranza della società. Il teatro della sua campagna elettorale è stato una delle aree più costose nel centro di Varsavia, con boutique costosissime in cui i cittadini ordinari non vanno, e non ha dimostrato di poter offrire qualcosa di diverso da quello che l’opposizione ha offerto negli ultimi due anni.
Il secondo accordo rotto da Diritto e Giustizia nella tavola rotonda del 1989 è stato che non ci sarebbe stata nessuna politica sociale. Nonostante questo dictat loro hanno introdotto alcune misure di supporto sociale fondamentali: il supporto per i bambini, circa 150 euro al mese a bambino; hanno stabilito un salario minimo;
|
5 | 4 | 2 |
. GCPW suffers a much greater increase in insertion loss due to an ENIG finish than microstrip. The loss plots in Figure 8 represent 50 ohm transmission-line circuits; the GCPW circuits are tightly coupled. For a GCPW transmission line that was loosely coupled, the impact of ENIG is reduced, with less current density in the coupled area.
At mmWave frequencies, some standard circuit fabrication variables can affect the performance of certain circuit configurations more or less than others. For example, copper thickness variations can affect the performance of GCPW transmission-line circuits. Designers working with small coupled areas, such as GCPW launch or gap coupling, will also be influenced by this variable. Also, circuit substrate thickness can impact wideband insertion loss, as well as the copper surface roughness and the plated conductor finish used on a PCB. For optimum mmWave circuit performance, understanding these variables and how they affect circuit performance will benefit mmWave circuit designers.
- John Coonrod, “Comparing Microstrip and CPW Performance,” Microwave Journal, July 2012.
- John Coonrod, “Methods for Characterizing the Dielectric Constant of Microwave PCB Laminates,” Microwave Journal, May 2011.
- Allen F. Horn, III (Rogers Corp.), John Reynolds (Rogers Corp.) and James C Rautio (Sonnet Software), “Conductor Profile Effects on the Propagation Constant of Microstrip Transmission Lines,” IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Symposium, June 2010.<|endoftext|>"Tarihi ve coğrafi bakımdan 'krizlerin kemeri' ile bağlı olan, Kafkasya'dan İran'a ve Yakın Doğu'dan Afganistan ve Pakistan'a kadar uzanan Rusya, 2010'da ön planda rol oynayacak. Mesela yalnızca şu: (Rusya) Batı'nın barış ve istikrarı sağlamaya hizmet eden inisiyatiflerini mi desteklemeye karar verecek, yoksa kendi 'etki alanını' yeniden kurmak için atacağı adımlarla mı sınırlı kalacak?" diye yazan Fransız gazetesi "Les Echos" yazarı Yves Bourdillon, "Değişken Geometrili Ülke: Rusya" isimli makalesini şöyle sürdürdü:
"Dış politikaları 'iyi polis - kötü polis' prensibi üzerine kurulu Medvedev - Putin ikilisinin himayesi altında her iki strateji de eşit biçimde olanaklı görünüyor... Dünya ekonomik kriz ile sarsılıyor, Moskova çok hızlı bir biçimde kartlarını açma olanağını kazandı. Rusya'nın Ukrayna'daki devlet başkanlığı seçimlerine karışmaya başlayıp başlamayacağı henüz belirsiz. Daha fazlasını söylemek gerekirse, 'Gürcistan sorunu'da Moskova için büyük önem taşıyor, ancak dünya için daha önemli olan, Rusya'nın İran konusunda nasıl davranacağı.
Batı ülkeleri, Tahran'ı gizli bir askerî nükleer programdan vazgeçmek zorunda bırakmak amacıyla yaptırımların katılaştırılması konusuna Rusya'nın destek vermesini ümit ediyor... Bununla birlikte Rusya’nın İran’da büyük ekonomik ve politik çıkarlarının olduğunu unutmamak gerekir. Tahran’daki Ahmedinejad karşıtlarının düzenli olarak ‘Rusya’ya ölüm!’ diye slogan atmaları tesadüf değildir..."
Ülkenin İran’daki politik ve ekonomik çıkarları ve ihracatının önemli bir bölümünü yaptığı Batı ülkeleri ile arasındaki işbirliği nedeniyle Rusya’nın, 2010'da "her iki taraf arasında gidip gelecekmiş gibi göründüğü" sonucuna varan "Les Echos" yazarı Yves Bourdillon, makalesini "Her durumda, Moskova’nın uysallık derecesi, finansal gücüne, yani her zamanki gibi petrol fiyatlarına bağlı olacak" değerlendirmesiyle noktaladı.<|endoftext|>每个周末，万达广场的演出继续进行，舞台不必一个接一个地被拆除。许多幼儿园和培训机构也安排了演出。一个幼儿园的才艺表演，一群3岁以下的孩子，每个人都将在舞台上表演，节目形式不受限制。当一个孩子上台时，他在现场迎接观众、孩子和家长，然后唱了一首听不懂的歌。其他孩子也普遍表现良好，有古诗和舞蹈，他们得到了真正的外婆方舞传记。但是有些孩子太害羞了：他们站在舞台上不能说话，或者他们不得不抱着母亲不敢说话。
0×251C
北京师范大学心理学教授陈会昌自1995年以来一直在北京对208名儿童进行20年的随访研究。他发现，在中国儿童中，害羞的比例明显高于美国和加拿大儿童。在调查之初，在20世纪末，家长和老师认为孩子并不害羞。但是到了21世纪初，情况开始改变。尽管害羞在学习上没有任何问题，但它在社会适应能力方面遇到了许多挑战。幸运的是，这可以改变。研究发现，随着家庭环境的改善和亲子关系的改善，孩子的害羞感也会随之改变。
0×251d
“你去和孩子们玩吧”
“来，为你唱一首歌来学习！”
“来吧，跳舞！”
……
你有机会吗？许多父母在帮助孩子克服害羞时是错误的。你越鼓励你的孩子，你的孩子就越有效。
害羞的孩子不想和别人交往，但他不敢。他们不是不愿意，而是缺乏勇气。因此，给父母和朋友三个建议：
Operation timed out after 60002 milliseconds with 0 out of -1 bytes received<|endoftext|>Farm Summer Camp Daily Schedule
- See our pigs, goats, sheep, cows, chickens, rabbit, and turkeys
- Learn how to groom, feed, water, and care for each animal.
- Learn lessons about each animal. Make Butter and Gather Eggs.
- Spend the day learning how to plant, grow, and harvest vegetables.
- Learn about seeds, learn how to weed, fertilizer, and water vegetables.
- Spend time in our vegetable garden.
- Pick a bag of vegetables to take home.
- Learn about wool, cotton, and other natural fibers.
- Spin wool into yarn, pick cotton, learn about natural dyes.
- Tie dye a T-shirt to take home.
- Learn all about bees, butterflies, and other bugs seen on the farm and why we can not live without them.
- Learn about how honey is made and observe Legare Farms bee hives (from a distance).
- Taste real honey.
Wrap Up Day
- Learn a brief lesson on the history of agriculture in S.C. and what other types of farming are done in our state.
- Then comes the really fun stuff—horse rides and a hayride out to feed the cows.
We will do 2 crafts and 2 snacks per day, we try as much as possible to follow the theme of the day with both crafts and snacks.
For example on animal day, we eat ice cream and on veggie day, popcorn. We allow a lot of time for free play and on hot days water games.<|endoftext|>In September, it was announced that GCSEs would be replaced with the new Ebacc qualification. But it's not just GCSEs facing a revamp – A-levels are facing an overhaul too.
How will A-levels change? Exams will be taken at the end of two-year, non-modular courses. The qualification will be an all-or-nothing set of exams, at the end of the course. Wave goodbye to retakes and say hello to a lot more revision.
AS-level exams will remain, but will no longer be taken after a year or count towards an A-level. Instead it will be a stand-alone qualification, taken alongside full A-levels after two years in the sixth form.
This means there will be no public exams in the lower sixth year. What will this mean for the university application process? Most universities make their offers based on AS-level grades. Although unis will be involved in the new changes exams, it is not yet clear how much they will participate.
The new system will be introduced in autumn 2015 and people are already panicking about the effects it will have. The changes come at the same time as the GCSE alterations. This will add a great deal of pressure to schools and teachers.
On the other hand, Schools Minister Liz Truss said the plans would end a system where students are preparing for exams almost as soon as they begin a course.
"Pupils spend too much time thinking about exams and re-sits of exams that encourage a 'learn and forget' approach to studying," the minister said.
Others believe that it would be better to make students study English and maths until they're 18, instead of the current age of 16.
Do the new plans sound better to you? Tell us on Twitter @CosmoOnCampus<|endoftext|>明亮的四室公寓（三楼），位于1889年的新文艺复兴时期的建筑物中，设有电梯，给人留下深刻的印象，其布局非常成功，天花板高度约为2.80m。
“观看总是值得的”
此外，应强调在安静的庭院中朝南的阳台以及在公寓中配备了带电器的设备齐全的厨房和单独的储藏室。
公寓设有结实的石灰木地板和宽敞的可上锁酒窖隔间。
步行距离之内可以找到许多日常用品商店，例如医生，药店，超市，还有日托中心和众多餐馆。
海德豪森法国区
该公寓位于凯勒大街（Kellerstraße），距风景如画的魏森堡广场（Weissenburger Platz）不远，因此位于海德豪森极受欢迎的法国区的心脏地带。
在过去的几十年中，具有许多古老建筑的典型慕尼黑区已经从工人阶级区发展成为慕尼黑最受欢迎和最宜居的住宅区之一。不错的咖啡馆，各种熟食店以及各种餐厅和酒吧使该地区成为美食家的天堂。
除了美食多样性，您还可以在Kellerstraße上找到满足日常需求的所有商店。该地区还包括医生，药房，学校和幼儿园。此外，小型手工艺作坊，画廊以及设计师和二手精品店也具有城市风情。
交通连接非常理想！罗森海默广场（Rosenheimer Platz）离物体只有几米远。从那里，S-Bahn 1-4号线和15号和25号电车线路开始运行，到市中心的时间为10分钟。即使是开车，您也可以很快在Mittlerer Ring和慕尼黑周围的高速公路上行驶。
建筑年份：1889照明/能源：燃气暖气：中央供暖<|endoftext|>| What is it?
The roots and root branches of Gentian, a long-living herb that grows a slender stem to over a meter that produces blue-green leaves and yellow flowers in bowl shaped clusters.
How has it been used?
The ancient Egyptians, the Greeks, the Romans and the Arab physicians of the middle ages all used Gentian as a digestive tonic. They also widely used Gentian for liver disorders, an antiseptic wound wash, and as a treatment for intestinal worms.
Gentian has been very widely used in herbal medicine for people who have chronic health troubles where a weakened digestion is involved.
The great German herbal doctor Rudolph Weiss wrote 'Gentian makes heavy foods more easy to digest by stimulating gastric juice secretion and stomach motility and by improving the muscle tone of the stomach... stomach complaints which are achylous (lacking juice) and atonic (lacking strength) are the primary indications for Gentian'.
Maude Grieves writes 'Gentian is one of our most useful bitter tonics, especially in general debility, weakness of the digestive organs or want of appetite... it is one of the best strengtheners of the human system'.
In early 20th century slang 'Moxie' meant courage combined with recklessness. Some of the most highly regarded people of the time such as Teddy Roosevelt and Charles Lindberg were said to have plenty of 'moxie'. This term came from a strongly flavoured soft drink available in New England from the 1890s that was itself called 'Moxie' It was touted as a cure-all and owed its virtue to being made with Gentian!
Other traditional uses for Gentian that continue to this day include:
- Failure to thrive in infants
- Weakness and loss of appetite in adults
- Food allergies and intolerances
- Liver congestion and jaundice
- Uncontrollable sugar cravings
- Gastric acid deficiency
- Diarrhoea with yellow stools
- Chronic fatigue with loss of appetite for food
- Exhaustion from the post-viral syndrome
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
Science on Gentian
~ Gentian was given in a clinical study to 205 patients in a dosage that was equivalent to 600mg of the root per day. Rapid relief of symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, heartburn, flatulence, constipation, appetite loss and vomiting was achieved (Wegener T: Z Phytother 19:163-164, 1998)
~ In an experimental model Gentian was shown to stimulate the secretion of enzymes in the small intestine and there was a marked increase in gastric secretion with its acid and pepsin content when Gentian was given by mouth (Kazakov BN, Cited in Scientific Committee of ESCOP monographs: Gentianae radix, UK, July 1997)
~ In healthy volunteers Gentian extract produced a significant increase in salivary secretion from 1 to 30 minutes after oral administration and in a similar study a single dose of Gentian (equivalent to about 20 drops of a tincture) stimulated gastric secretion, release of bile from the gall-bladder and bile production by the liver (Borga M et al: Curr Ther Res 29(3):525-536, 1981)
Safety of Gentian
Gentian may not be well tolerated by pregnant women (somewhat understandably!) but there is no reason to think it would do any harm to the woman or her baby. It is certainly safe in breast-feeding and may even help the production of healthy milk. If needed, small children and the elderly should use Gentian with confidence because, even if it is hard for them to take, it may do them great good.
TOP | HERBS A-Z LIST
Gentian is a herb with which I have developed a tremendous amount of respect and affection because I have repeatedly seen how it can:
a) help children who have been repeatedly sick and growing poorly start to thrive
b) help adults with bloating, food intolerances and fatigue
c) help people get on top of sugar -addictions
d) help perform a little miracle with older people who had lost their appetite and were fading fast
I will often combine Gentian with some Barberry or Celandine if I want to work on the liver or I will add just a little Golden Seal if I especially want to shift congestion out of the system but the following ancient, potent formula, or one very like it, gives all the benefits of Gentian. I write it up here in detail for anyone who wants to harness the healing power of this great remedy.
Gentian & Ginger formula
Gentian and Ginger Formula
30-40 mls Gentian
10-20 mls Ginger
These amounts are to make up 50mls - use more or less Ginger in the mixture as preferred, I recommend that the 'hotter' the constitution the less Ginger you should use and vice versa, the 'cooler' the constitution the more Ginger you should add.
Depending on a person's size and sensitivity the best dose is somewhere between 12 to 16 drops of the formula before food. If I want to get a very strong action of the herb, especially when I am starting treatment, I will sometimes recommend to take half the dose, e.g. 6- 8 drops, be sure to feel the 'action' in the mouth, then take the second part of the dose a half minute or so later, e.g. another 6- 8 drops to make the total of 12- 16 drops.
Timing is very important to get the best possible result but I encourage you to be open to experimenting with what works best for you. The longest I would imagine a person would go in taking the drops before food would be about 15 minutes, the shortest time frame could be as little as just a minute. As you will shortly read in the next section the desired effect is to get the digestive 'fire' well and truly stoked up before you eat so if you have plenty of saliva in your mouth and it hasn't eased off yet and you feel keen to get started on your food then you have probably timed it about right, tuck in!
As soon as you get the Gentian formula into your mouth you will start stimulating the flow of digestive juices right throughout your system. You can immediately feel this for yourself in how you will start to produce more saliva in your mouth. Scientific studies, along with countless experiences throughout history, show that the same increase of 'juice' that you feel in your mouth is likewise happening all along the digestive tract.
Digestion is a marvellously complex process whereby food is transformed into energy and the physical regeneration of our bodies - I often use the analogy of this process as being like a 'fire' that takes the fuel of food and turns it into metabolic 'heat' and energy.
A person without good digestive secretions has a stomach that is like a barely smoldering fire. When you throw logs of food onto such a fire they just sit there causing yet more congestion. In this analogy the Gentian formula blows into the cauldron and this process of getting the fire burning before eating can make a profound difference to a person's health outcomes.
To get the benefit of Gentian it is vital to understand that the formula needs to be felt in the mouth for that action to happen further down the digestive tract. In other words, you really do have to taste it for it to work!
Gentian has been called the 'King of Bitters' and you will understand why as soon as you have some! I encourage people to experience the full intensity of the Gentian formula as best as they can and the less you dilute it with water the stronger it will taste!
If a person can take their drops of Gentian tincture straight, so much the better. If they can let it stay in their mouth for a few moments before swallowing, better still. If they can swill it around for a moment before swallowing, then best of all.
I have noticed that once people have had their Gentian a few times then they almost always say that it gets easier to take. This is not necessarily because it gets any less bitter, in fact as people get used to taking Gentian they tend to dilute it less so it actually tastes stronger! What happens is a rather extraordinary change in consciousness whereby the instinctive repulsion to bitterness is gradually replaced by a deeper experience of what is happening
|
5 | 4 | 3 |
security, nutrition education, taste appreciation–and total freedom from poverty.
Ree Harris is a mother of four boys. She is also a life-long resident of Jonestown, Mississippi. Her food story is illustrated through an animated visual that charts the 66 miles of her roundtrip, and the money spent on gas, to shop at a supermarket stocked with fruit and vegetables. For Ree, the extra effort and expense put into escaping her food desert for better purchasing options, is possible–even if it is tiresomeness and inconvenient. But others are not as free.
As a viewer of this film, I came away appalled by the problems, but uncertain of real solutions. It did not feel like enough to sign up for an action alert e-mail from A Place at the Table on Take Part. After reading Andy Fisher’s conclusive take here on the contradictions within the anti-hunger movement, it did not feel like enough to take the No Kid Hungry pledge sponsored by Share Our Strength (an organization whose core partner is Walmart).
I want to find real examples of people at the local level who are creating social, progressive change that affects the communities they live in. I want to find examples of what empowerment really means, even if our government’s valuation of food is to miraculously change toward subsidizing healthy foods.
The steps outlined by Jeff Bridges’ End Hunger Network boldly dictate what the government and local leadership must do to eradicate hunger by 2015. While policy must change and political will must emerge to ensure it passes, there are organizations that have begun the work necessary to bring communities out of poverty–and thereby hunger–on the local level. Organizations focusing on community food security, state-wide networks of leaders and institutions, and food sovereignty, create opportunity for empowerment and sustained freedom by strengthening communities from the ground up.
A Place at the Table succeeds at telling a gripping story about communities and people who are wanting. What we need now is a convergence of powers to rework our public policy and restructure our societal hierarchy so that everyone is given the opportunity to gain a place at the table. We need an honest, democratic, and progressive plan to eradicate hunger in America.<|endoftext|>来源：互联网新闻 时间：2020-04-30 19:44
绍兴男子唐某，前两天被当地法院以盗窃罪判刑。
他偷的，不是现金，也不是其他有形财产，而是一张3万元的欠条。
欠条，是唐某向情人葛女士打的。
虽然，案发后，男子还了款，但是，法院仍旧依法以盗窃罪，对他判处有期徒刑3年、缓刑4年，并处罚金人民币3.5万元。
“把借条拿回来
不就没事了？”
45岁的唐某，是绍兴越城区鉴湖镇人，已婚，自己开厂子做生意，是个小老板。
他和葛女士保持情人关系，已经有一年多时间了。
2011年9月至10月间，唐某与葛女士关系还好的时候，他陆续向对方借款人民币3万元。
同年12月，唐某写下欠条一张，约定：向葛女士的借款，于2012年3月前还清。
可还款期限届满后，唐某却以各种理由推脱。
到了2012年8月，葛女士怀疑除了她之外，唐某还有其他情人，于是要起诉唐某，追回借款。
这时，唐某正好手头很紧。
“把借条拿回来，不就没事了？”被逼急了的唐某，突然冒出这个想法。
2012年8月31日中午，唐某潜入葛女士在市区租的房屋里。
出租房是之前两人交往的时候租的，唐某手中有钥匙。
唐某把葛女士藏在衣柜中的3万元欠条，偷偷拿走了。
葛女士发现借条不见了，就向警方报了案。
唐某很快被警方抓获，他承认，自己偷走欠条后，藏起来了。
案发后，唐某将3万元，悉数还给了葛女士。
钱还了
仍因盗窃罪被判刑三年
让唐某没想到的是，随后，他被警方以涉嫌盗窃罪，移送检察机关起诉。
今年2月22日，绍兴越城区法院公开审理本案。
庭审中，唐某辩解说，自己和葛女士关系较特别，花在对方身上的钱超过20万元，而且，后来，葛女士还把他的车开走了。
唐某坦承，在交往期间，他确实有向葛女士借钱，并打了欠条，葛女士把欠条放在什么地方，他都知道。
唐某还说，偷借条前，葛女士曾要求他去山东做假冒轴承生意，因他不愿意去，葛女士就说要起诉他，讨要借款。不得已，他采取拿走欠条的方法逃债。
唐某的辩护律师当庭提出，唐某盗窃的欠条并非有价证券，只是剥夺了葛女士提起诉讼的有效证据，而非盗窃实际款项，属于盗窃未遂。而且，基于葛女士与唐某的关系，应参照《最高人民法院审理盗窃案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》，盗窃近亲属财物，一般不以犯罪处理的精神，予以定罪量刑。
绍兴越城区法院审理后，于2月28日对本案作出一审判决。
法院审理后认为，欠条本身虽不是财物，但却是财产权利的主要证明凭证，丧失这种凭证，债权人难以实现债权，从而最终丧失财产所有权。
法院认为，唐某明知葛女士就该欠条所记载债权，有向人民法院主张诉讼权利的可能，而盗窃该欠条，主观上意图逃避债务，通过非法手段剥夺被害人债权请求权，客观上使被害人丧失了向其主张权利的唯一凭证，使该欠条载明债权无其他证据佐证，令被害人丧失胜诉可能。
据浙江省高级人民法院、浙江省人民检察院、浙江省公安厅《关于抢劫、盗窃、诈骗、抢夺借据、欠条等借款凭证是否构成犯罪的意见》的有关规定，唐某以消灭债务为目的，秘密窃取被害人葛女士的欠条，依法应以盗窃罪既遂论处。
法院判决，唐某与葛女士之间的关系是非法律意义上的近亲属关系，对辩护人提出的辩护意见不予采纳。于是，法院作出上述判决，判处被告人唐某有期徒刑三年、缓刑四年，并处罚金人民币3.5万元。（编辑 姚映秀）金华:男子偷山寨iPhone嫌太便宜"杭州路况"软件发布 哪里堵哪里通看宁波公交车到站只停3秒 老人去理论挨国五条细则出台后 杭州楼市新盘平稳二春天在招手啦 浙江本周最高气温或至2杭州:春天在向大家招手 本周最高气温温医一院心内科女医生穿轮滑上班 到急温州商场铺"黄金之路" 价值3500杭州吴山广场举行“万朵鲜花送雷锋”公“杭州交通拥堵指数系统”看看手机就知浙医二院滨江院区试运行独特看病模式全维权:“夏普”空调上浙江温岭招标管理委原副主任贪贿50余朱志根孙杨师徒握手言和 下周一将开始杭州醉酒男子攀高跌落 公交驶过卷入轮为还五百救命钱小伙苦寻杭州萧山恩人1老奶奶杭州桥洞下收留流浪儿 要帮他解"西湖龙井"金字招牌被滥用 茶农无奈杭浦高速惊险一幕 车头坠下桥梁两人被绍兴:儿子痴迷网络六年闭门不出 老父以验货为名抢过手机就跑 货到付款成了温州女毒贩把物证藏进卫生巾 称例假想杭宁杭甬高铁联调联试宁波1岁女童从楼梯摔下 5公分的铁轴消费：婚纱摄影服务陷阱重重 业内人士杭州建兰中学老师集体创作一段减负视频温州：外遇男疑杀63天大亲生女儿 目杭州周末告别风雨 本周天气变化像是穿如何治理好城市的“马路病”？网友市民浙江省重点道路治堵首地铁集团回应杭州城站出入口漏水事件：浙江餐饮具集中消毒后合格率88.8%浙洽会借力洋专家 达成合作意向285金华：爱车频遭毒手 守株待兔一晚抓到明天将开始新一轮降雨教育部发布禁烟令美国催日本归还300公斤钚 可制50狗狗豹猫好伙伴 被迫拆散管理员摄像留印度部长同巴基斯坦记者私情被妻子用推习近平同保加利亚总统普列夫内利耶夫举北美现首例H5N1禽流感死亡病例希捷推出新款移动硬盘 可备份手机相册埃及友好人士批评安倍参拜靖国神社奥巴马签署政府及国防预算案 美债违约孟加拉国警方指控服装厂大火案13名被台湾男子带2名少女看电影 强迫脱衣性奥巴马医保名言当选“年度谎言” 曾为日防相说将努力构筑日中海上联络机制网络安全专家称全球约200万组网络用4岁男孩不肯戴眼镜 网友拍“四眼”照<|endoftext|>The damage from Hurricane Sandy was bad—water everywhere, homes, cars, subways flooded, trees down, buildings ripped apart, and dozens of people killed. But the devastation was surely minimized by the advance warning that gave people time such that supplies could be bought, low-lying areas could be evacuated and hatches could be battened.
That warning, the lead time that gave people a chance to get ready, stemmed directly from the hurricane track computer models operated by the National Weather Service, NASA, the Navy and others. Those models pull together measurements of air and sea surface temperature, pressure, wind speed, wind direction and more, then crunch through it all on some of the most powerful computers in existence. The result: as best a picture of the future weather as we can fathom.
The future usefulness of those models, however, is uncertain. The data that drive them come largely from measurements collected by satellites, and as Time reports, those satellites are dying.
On September 23, says Time, one of the key satellites watching over the eastern U.S., known as GOES-East, blinked out. A back-up was brought online, but things were still hairy.
Happily for the vulnerable northeast, NASA and NOAA had a back-up GOES parked in orbit nearby, and swung it into position while the engineers troubleshot the problems with the main ship. But that understudy was the last line of defense. If the back-up went offline as well, America’s entire weather forecasting web would have been struck partly blind. And that near-miss, a growing number of worried scientists believe, was an early glimpse of what could be our future.
Experts have grown increasingly alarmed in the past two years because the existing polar satellites are nearing or beyond their life expectancies, and the launch of the next replacement, known as J.P.S.S.-1, has slipped to 2017, probably too late to avoid a coverage gap of at least a year.
“Because we have insufficient funds in the ’11 budget, we are likely looking at a period of time a few years down the road where we will not be able to do the severe storm warnings and long-term weather forecasts that people have come to expect today.”
With broken satellites comes less data flowing into the weather models. And, from that, stems less certainty about the future, and less ability to plan for it.
More from Smithsonian.com:<|endoftext|>植发手术属于微研发外科手术，手术是非常放心的，不过因为每个人的体制存在差异，在植发手术后，有些患者会患上毛囊炎。这是因为植发手术属于微研发手术，手术后短期时间内研发口不会痊愈，因此发友朋友们要担保一定要去正轨专业，干净整洁的植发医院去，同时担保营养的摄入量，为毛发生长提供充足的营养。
杰出发友们应该都知道什么是植发狂脱期，手术后的植发狂脱期是植发效果呈现的必经阶段，是毛囊适应新环境的必然反应，经历过这一时期之后，毛发又会重新长出，这是一个全面正常的过程，发友们不必紧张。植发手术后，发友们要保持统统的耐心和细心的养护，不要抓挠植发区域，注意保护新种植的毛囊区域。植发后15天，新生的毛发陆续脱落，进入狂脱期，在3个月时间内，毛发脱落的区域又会重新长出新发，6个月后，植发效果开始真正呈现。<|endoftext|>Vita! Gran Signora,
potresti fare un'eccezione
Dopo tanti sgarbi
potresti regalarmi
un po' di sole
per scaldare i miei giorni.
Se fosse possibile
vorrei esagerare
chiedendoti anche di colorarli
con un po' d'amore.
perchè me l'hanno sottratto
senza né tatto nè nient'altro
così, di botto,
m'hanno comunicato:
-L'amore?
L'amore scordatelo!-
Io, ubbidiente,
l'ho dimenticato!<|endoftext|>7 Filistinli, "saldırı hazırlığında" oldukları iddiasıyla gözaltına alındı
İsrail, işgal altındaki Batı Şeria'da aralarında bir kadının da bulunduğu 7 Filistinliyi "saldırı hazırlığında" olduklarını öne sürerek gözaltına aldı.
Başbakanlık Sözcüsü Ofis Gendelman, sosyal medya hesabından yaptığı açıklamada, İsrail İç Güvenlik Teşkilatı Şin-Bet'in (Şabak), Batı Şeria'nın kuzeyindeki Cenin kentinde Filistinli direniş örgütü İslami Cihad'a bağlı bir hücrenin çökertildiğini belirtti.
Hücre üyelerinin "saldırı operasyonları ve bir füze yapımı için çalıştığını" ileri süren Gendelman, yakalananlar arasında bulunan dört çocuk annesi kadının daha önce de bir intihar saldırısı planladığı gerekçesiyle hapis yattığını aktardı.
İsrail Kamu Yayın Kuruluşu'nun (KAN) haberinde, yakalanan Filistinlilerin sorgularında "kendilerine yöneltilen suçlamaları ve abluka altındaki Gazze Şeridi'nin Refah kentinden biriyle iletişim halinde olduklarını" kabul ettikleri iddia edildi.
Haberde ayrıca bu kişilerle birlikte bir güdümlü el bombası da ele geçirildiği kaydedildi.
Şin-Bet'in İsrail basınına sağladığı görüntülerde, söz konusu hücrenin açık arazide patlayıcılarla deneme yaptığı ileri sürüldü.
İsrail Başbakanı Naftali Bennett de söz konusu hücrenin üyelerinden olduğu iddia edilen bir kadın ve bir adamın resmini paylaşarak Şin-Bet'e teşekkür etti.
İsrail, son bir ay içinde üçü silahlı biri bıçaklı olmak üzere dört ayrı saldırıya sahne olmuş, 14 kişi hayatını kaybetmişti. İsrail ordusu, işgal altındaki Batı Şeria'ya özellikle nisan ayında baskınlarını ve müdahalesini artırmış, aralarında kadın ve çocukların da yer aldığı 20'den fazla Filistinli, İsrail askerlerince öldürülmüştü.<|endoftext|>Are you currently looking for ways to improve your handwriting or perhaps generate a style out of well-written compositions? If you are fond of writing on journals, diaries, or notebooks, then you have looked up the right page. You must be looking for the best paper format that could satisfy the perfectionist in you.
You can never go wrong with lined paper templates that we have in store for you. Whether you’re doing formal or creative writing, a lined paper template is an ideal writing guide. Write a paper for research, letters, and more with templates in easy to download PDF file format.
Kindergarten Lined Paper Templates
Lined Handwriting Paper for Kindergarten
Kindergarten Worksheet Lined Paper
Primary Lined Paper
Ruled Lined Paper Templates
College Ruled Lined Paper
Wide Ruled Lined Paper
Printable Ruled Lined Paper
How to Make a Blank Notebook into a Lined Notebook
There are a lot of ways of expressing creativity. Here, you are about to find out the different ways of creating with lined paper templates. Blank notebooks are not far from being created with blank paper templates.
You could turn your blank notebook into a lined notebook with these easy suggestions:
- Manual Creativity – The easiest way to do it is through drawing lines on your blank notebook. It is advisable that you use a ruler and pencil before you finalize the lines with a pen. With your ideal measurements and line intervals, draw lines horizontally through the blank pages.
- Printable Lined Paper Templates – There are actually available lined paper templates in Word that you can easily download. Incorporate these into sheets for your notebook and you will definitely have your ideal lined notebook in no time. If you wish to achieve graphs with your notebook, you could also make use of printable graph paper templates.
- Lined Paper Guide – You can also achieve invisible lines for your notebook by using any lined paper template beneath any blank page and start writing with a paper guide in place. Our set of research paper outline templates suggest the use of line paper guides for a neat output.
Handwriting Lined Paper Templates
Cursive Handwriting Lined Paper
Preschool Hand
|
5 | 5 | 0 |
ata sotto i loro piedi. Certamente sarà un bel spettacolo e...
– Oh! Guardate! – lo interruppe il secondo. – Vi è qualche cosa laggiù? Non vedete quel punto luminoso in lontananza.
– Che sia una vela? – chiese Parry, facendo un gesto di viva soddisfazione.
– Nave sottovento!... – gridarono i marinai di guardia.
– È la fregata! – esclamarono parecchi uomini.
– Miserabili! – tuonò una voce minacciosa, ma che fu impossibile sapere da quale bocca uscisse.
Il capitano Parry udì quella parola e fece un gesto di furore. Chi lo avesse guardato bene, avrebbe veduto la sua faccia impallidire di collera, e le mani stringere il calcio delle sue pistole.
Intanto la vela ingrandiva a vista d'occhio; si vedeva che perdeva cammino.
Tutti i marinai della Garonna, arrampicati sugli alberi, aggrappati alle sartie seduti sulle coffe, divoravano cogli occhi quella nave, quasi volessero attirarla coll'intensità dei loro sguardi.
Tutto il giorno continuarono a veleggiare spiegando tutte le vele possibili, ma il sole tramontò e la vela intraveduta sparve fra la nebbia della sera.
Tutta la notte i pirati stettero sul ponte, interrogando coi loro occhi le tenebre.
Il capitano, sperando di attirare l'attenzione di essa e di farla arrestare, fece tirare due colpi di cannone, ma sul fosco orizzonte nulla comparve, né i due spari ebbero risposta alcuna.
Finalmente dopo una notte ansiosa venne il mattino tanto desiderato. Tutti gli sguardi si volsero verso i quattro punti dell'orizzonte. Con grande sorpresa di tutti la vela era scomparsa.
I marinai cominciavano ad imprecare; s'inerpicavano sugli alberi, scrutando invano l'orizzonte e discendevano sagrando. Altri mormoravano sordamente contro il capitano Parry, il quale non meno furioso dei suoi marinai, vomitava torrenti d'ingiurie all'indirizzo della malaugurata nave e del suo comandante.
– La ritroveremo, capitano – disse il secondo. – Non può essere andata molto lontana. La Garonna è una nave troppo lesta per farsi battere da un mercantile.
– Lo spero bene – rispose Parry. – Ecco però la prima volta che una nave sfugge alla mia Garonna.
– Avrà approfittato di qualche salto di vento.
– Giù di là, imbecilli! – gridò Parry facendo cenno agli uomini arrampicati sugli alberi di scendere.
La Garonna riprese la navigazione verso l'ovest, perché secondo i calcoli del capitano, il veliero doveva aver preso quella direzione.
Tutto il giorno trascorse così. A bordo si disperava ormai di raggiungerla, e l'equipaggio, inasprito, cominciava già a mormorare contro la mala fortuna e contro la poca capacità del capitano e del secondo.
Però l'indomani, verso le undici del mattino, alcuni marinai installati in crocetta, segnalarono la vela a dieci miglia sottovento.
Era ancora avvolta in mezzo a una leggera nebbia, però non doveva tardare a mostrarsi distintamente sulla linea dell'orizzonte.
Alla notizia inaspettata, marinai e ufficiali si precipitarono ai loro posti. I coltellacci e gli scopamari furono spiegati in fretta e in furia, e la Garonna riprese l'inseguimento con maggior velocità.
Il capitano, che la osservava con un cannocchiale, si volse verso i marinai, dicendo:
– Non è la fregata, bensì un grazioso brick-goletta e mi sembra ben carico.
– E la fregata? – chiesero i marinai.
– La troveremo più tardi; pensiamo ora a mettere al sicuro quel legno.
– Inseguiamolo! – gridarono tutti.
– Avete scorto la bandiera di quella nave? – chiese il secondo al capitano.
– Sì e se non m'inganno deve essere francese.
– Ah questi francesi! – urlarono i marinai, con furore. – Vendetta pei nostri camerati!...
– Al suo equipaggio non accorderemo quartiere – rispose il comandante. – Questi uomini la pagheranno per quelli della fregata.
– Gettiamoli in mare e bruciamo la loro nave – urlarono i marinai.
In quel mentre alcune grida giunsero agli orecchi dei pirati.
– Cosa significano queste urla? – chiese il capitano, afferrando il suo portavoce e facendo cenno agli artiglieri di appuntare i cannoni.
– Forse l'equipaggio si è accorto che noi diamo la caccia alla nave? – chiese il secondo.
– Vedranno che caccia – rispose Parry, con accento feroce.
Ben presto il brick-goletta, che continuava a perdere via, non fu che a due sole miglia dalla nave corsara. Certo l'equipaggio doveva ormai essersi accorto con quali avversari aveva da fare, poiché aveva smascherato due cannoni piazzati sul cassero.
Con due bordate la Garonna si avvicinò fino a cinquanta passi dal brick-goletta, però ad un tratto la vela di maestra si staccò dal pennone e cadde sul ponte senza che nessuno l'avesse toccata.
– Dannazione! – esclamò il capitano, lanciando uno sguardo minaccioso ai marinai.
La Garonna aveva subito rallentata la corsa e il vascello inseguito aveva guadagnato cento passi.
I pirati senza perdere un istante inserirono nuovamente la vela, i di cui capi erano stati tagliati da una mano colpevole, mentre Bonga guardava Banes che sorrideva malignamente.
– È stato lui – pensò il buon negro.
Appena la maestra fu spiegata, la Garonna riacquistò il cammino perduto, e s'accostò al brick-goletta cercando abbordarlo sottovento. Ormai non distava che duecento passi, quando sulla poppa del veliero balenarono due lampi, e due palle da diciotto, attraversando il ponte della Garonna, fece saltare parte della murata di prora uccidendo, col medesimo colpo, tre uomini.
– Ah! Canaglie! – urlò Parry.
Poi rizzandosi in piedi:
– Fuoco gli artiglieri! Fuoco!
Alcuni lampi balenarono a babordo e sei palle, prendendo d'infilata il brick-goletta, andarono a spezzargli l'albero di trinchetto, facendo contemporaneamente saltar una parte del castello di prora e colpendo sei o sette marinai.
Poi fra il fumo dei cannoni la Garonna si avvicinò maggiormente, scaricando addosso alla disgraziata nave una tale bordata di ferro, da spezzar gli alberi, pennoni, murate e manovre. I grappini d'arrembaggio furono gettati e le due navi si trovarono ormeggiate.
Allora i pirati, armati sino ai denti, aggrappandosi alle manovre e balzando al di sopra delle murate, si precipitano come un torrente sul ponte del brick-goletta. Colà, alcuni uomini, armati di fucili, pallidi e sanguinolenti, li attendevano. Senza aspettare oltre, accolgono gli assalitori con una furiosa scarica, però i pirati si scagliano su di loro, li stringono coi coltelli, li trucidano, li afferrano tra le robuste braccia e li gettano in mare a pasto dei pesci.
Pochi minuti bastano per sbarazzare la nave del suo equipaggio.
Compiuta la strage, i pirati si gettano nella stiva e vi fanno man bassa. Vi era colà un completo carico di velluti e di sete provenienti da Calcutta, e di più, nella camera del capitano, Parry vi trovò due casse di ferro contenenti un milione in oro, destinato alla banca di Melbourne.
– La banca ne farà di meno – disse il pirata, con feroce accento e diede l'ordine di trasportare le due casse nella sua cabina.
I due cannoni del brick-goletta, le due imbarcazioni, i viveri, le merci e le masserizie furono imbarcate a bordo della Garonna, poi quando non vi fu più nulla a bordo da asportare, quei furfanti diedero fuoco al veliero, colla speranza che qualche nave, attratta dall'incendio, venisse a gettarsi sotto il tiro dei loro cannoni.
La Garonna, rimessasi alla vela ed approfittando d'un colpo di vento, si allontanò di un cinquecento passi, mettendosi in panna.
Il brick-goletta, ormai preda delle fiamme, ardeva su tutti i punti, rischiarando il mare ad una distanza di cinque miglia.
I pirati bevendo, danzando, e cantando, si godevano quello spettacolo. Alcuni di loro giuocavano, imprecando e rissando ogni volta che un colpo di dadi portava loro sfortuna. Il capitano Parry, assieme al secondo e al nostromo giuocavano al montes spagnolo, attingendo senza posa ad un barilotto di arak che aveva trovato sul brick-goletta.
Tutta la notte il veliero bruciò come un fastello di paglia senza che nessuna nave si mostrasse, e verso il mattino, mentre i marinai si preparavano a riprendere il largo, balzava in aria con orribile rimbombo. Poco dopo scompariva fra i gorghi dell'oceano.
Un fragoroso urrah, salutò l'immersione della disgraziata nave.
– La festa è finita – disse il capitano, dando un calcio al barile di arak. – Partiamo!...
I marinai abbandonarono a malincuore i loro giuochi e tornarono ai posti.
Pochi minuti dopo le vele erano nuovamente spiegate, e la Garonna, approfittando d'una fresca brezza del nord-ovest, riprendeva la corsa in direzione del forte.
Per due giorni essa navigò rapidamente, filando otto nodi all'ora. Il terzo giorno, cioè il 16 maggio, verso le cinque del mattino, un marinaio di guardia posto in vedetta sulla coffa di mezzana segnalava:
– Un rottame a tre miglia sopravento!
A quel grido tutto l'equipaggio fu in coperta.
L'incontro d'un rottame in mare è sempre un avvenimento che desta la curiosità in tutti. Il capitano dopo di aver guardato col cannocchiale, ordinò che dirigessero verso di esso. In breve la Garonna non fu che a un centinaio di metri.
Quel rottame era un pezzo di castello di prora, appartenente ad una nave di grossa portata. Colà, coricati in mezzo a dei pennoni spezzati, si scorgevano due marinai che sembravano morti.
Fu tosto messa una lancia in mare. Il secondo e quattro marinai vi presero posto e si avvicinarono a quell'avanzo. Dopo alcuni minuti furono veduti ritornare precipitosamente.
– Cosa avete? – chiese il capitano Parry, al secondo.
– Quel rottame appartiene alla fregata! Ne lessi il suo nome! – rispose il secondo.
– L'avevo sospettato – rispose il capitano.
– Siamo salvi! – gridarono i marinai.
– Ora possiamo far ritorno alla caccia. Non abbiamo più nulla da temere.<|endoftext|>The French are a nation for which food has become a whole art. They cook and eat delicious food. They come up with whole odes for typical French delicacies. Foie gras, mousses, parfaits, terrines, artichokes, quiches, soft spicy cheeses, aromatic and crunchy baguettes, freshly caught shellfish — this is all about the country’s famous gastronomic heritage. Among culinary delights, snails (escargots) occupy a special place. This an expensive delicacy, rich in protein and mineral salts. Although, of course, it was not always like this.
Where does escargot originate from? Snails originated in France, but the remains of snail shells were also found on the territory of modern Spain and the entire Mediterranean. Snails were first eaten during the time of Ancient Rome. That said, escargot originated from Europe, namely Eastern France and Northern Spain.
Where Was Escargot Invented?
Where was escargot invented? Where did eating snails originate from? The escargot was invented in the Mediterranean. People began to eat snails a long time ago, baking in ashes even before utensils were invented. The escargot was eaten in Ancient Greece and Rome. In the Stone Age, snails were supposedly fried in coals made from pine or juniper wood.
Once upon a time, escargots served as food for the ordinary people and even were salvation for the poor. Since hunting in the forests was forbidden and the meat was available only to the upper strata of society, commoners began to cook snail and frog meat. The dish was gaining popularity, it was allowed to be consumed during strict fasting. The snails were canned and taken on hikes, and the monks fed the snails with aromatic herbs, thanks to which the meat acquired a special taste and smell.
Who Invented Escargot?
Who invented escargot? Fluvius Hirpinus is believed to have invented escargot, according to the Roman historian Pliny. Fluvius Hirpinus is reported to have made escargot popular right before the civil war between Julius Caesar and Pompey. Fluvius Hirpinus’s estate was used for heliciculture.
Escargot’s story began in ancient Rome. And then snails were the salvation of the poor from hunger, and at the same time, they were an unusual treat for the jaded rich. And Roman legionnaires took snails with them on long campaigns, like live canned food. Snails are very nutritious and rich in protein, with little or no fat.
The Romans paid great attention to the appearance and slenderness of the body. Knowing that snails were a dietary product that aids digestion, they served them at the end of the meal. With the fall of the Roman Empire, snails have not lost their popularity. On the contrary, in the Middle Ages, snails were allowed to eat even during the strictest fasting. To diversify the food during the fast, the monks even fed them with special herbs, from which the meat acquired a special aroma.
When did escargot appear? Archaeological finds made in various countries of the world clearly indicate that snails have been on the menu of Homo sapiens literally since the beginning of time. The age of the most ancient shells, the remains of which were discovered during excavations of Paleolithic sites, is estimated at 30 thousand years. Moreover, scientists conclude that the first attempts to improve the cooking process were also “dedicated” to land gastropods. Long before the invention of dishes, they were baked in small pits, covered with hot coals.
In more recent times, the importance of snails in the diet of the inhabitants of ancient civilizations began to reflect the myths. So, in Babylon and Ancient Egypt, the unhurried movement of these creatures was associated with eternity, which gave rise to additional confidence in the unconditional benefits of dishes prepared from them. And in ancient Greece, due to the fact that the mass release of snails coincided with the beginning of the wet autumn season, they were considered messengers of the gods, signaling the beginning of the harvest period.
And at the same time, a delicacy sent from above, equally accessible to the rich and the poor. It is interesting that these views were of double benefit to the ancient Hellenes. Firstly, all large snails are agricultural pests, and therefore the timely capture of the “divine messengers” helped in the best way to preserve the fruits of orchards and vegetable gardens. And, secondly, nutritious shellfish were an excellent addition to the rather monotonous, albeit healthy, menu of most of the inhabitants of Ancient Greece.
The Romans willingly shared the tastes of the ancient Greeks. For example, the famous ancient Roman erudite writer Pliny the Elder in his “Natural History” not only characterized land gastropods as a wholesome and healthy food but also recommended a snail diet for stomach diseases.
He also preserved for posterity the name of a person who can be considered the father of helic culture. This is Fulvius Lippinus, who took up the cultivation of the garden snail Helix aspersa. The first-ever creator of a snail farm not only “set up an extensive establishment for the artificial breeding of snails but also “invented a special feed for them, consisting of wheat flour mixed with grape must.”
Escargot in the 19th Century
As for the 19th century, in 1814, a young chef Antonin, then serving with the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prince Talleyrand, had to feed an unexpected guest — Tsar Alexander I. But due to a late and unexpected visit, there was no fresh food in stock. The chef began to think about how to feed the demanding guest and solve this problem.
While being in the garden, Antonin saw a grape snail crawling. Here is how he thought about cooking snails and this was the turning point in French cuisine. He knew about the recipes of the ancient Romans, so he seasoned the snail meat with garlic, parsley and butter. These ingredients were supposed to refresh the taste, add spicy notes, brighten the appearance and soften the fillet. The resulting dish intrigued the Tsar very much. Here is how Escargo de Bourgogne was invented. This recipe still excites the taste of gourmets all over the world.
At that time, among the nobility, it was fashionable to experiment with cooking, so snails began to gain popularity, variety,
|
5 | 5 | 1 |
VE, an Extraterrestrial Vegetation Evaluator, come to scan Earth for signs of life, the robotic love story and redemptive adventure begin. WALL-E and EVE are the new Adam and the new Eve. In the end, the spaceship Axiom becomes a new Noah’s Ark, returned to Earth to begin the restoration of the abandoned planet. The optimism of the story is placed centuries in the future, as the authors present our short-term prospects in incredibly grim and depressing terms.
Far from escaping our terrestrial problems, we are taking these problems with us into outer space. If Earthlings make a mess of Earth, then the Earthlings are sure to make a mess of space. Perhaps we will yet take our trash to Mars and elsewhere in our solar system. There will be no escape from being human, all too human sometimes.
As I listened to the presentations and debated the societal implications of astrobiology, I was impressed by the science and the scientists. Their work requires a great deal of intelligence, but also admirable dedication and long-hours. It would be encouraging not just to speculate, but to somehow actually discover that the universe is bio-friendly. The NASA scientists I encountered were certainly bio-friendly, so maybe that is proof enough. I wish them luck and am glad to support this work.
And while I was grateful for the chance to expand my intellectual horizons, I kept thinking back to the L variable in the Drake Equation. What is the lifetime of our communicative civilization? Will our civilization make it through the 21st century intact? Is there a “Great Filter” of self-destruction that limits the life expectancy of intelligent life in the universe? Are we ourselves not approaching just such a “Great Filter” in our own cultural evolution and the history of our planet?
It is not the terra-forming of Mars that keeps me awake at night, but the anthro-forming of Terra that darkens my dreams. Can human civilization be more civil and more bio-friendly? We need to get serious about enhancing the richness and diversity of life of Earth, if we ever hope to do so elsewhere in the universe. Maybe the most significant societal impact of astrobiology is the opportunity to look back at ourselves and to appreciate in new ways the extreme good fortune we have of being able to call ourselves Earthlings.
1 Marks, Paul (2009) Satellite collision ‘more powerful than China’s ASAT test’. New Scientist, DOI: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16604-satellite-collision-more-powerful-than-chinas-sat-test.html. See also Iannotta, Becky and Tariq Malik (2009) U.S. Satellite Destroyed in Space Collision. Space.com, DOI: http://www.space.com/news/090211-satellite-collision.html.
2 Kinetic Energy (Joules) = ½ Mass (kilograms) * Velocity (meters per second)2. A steel BB used in shotguns weighs about .4 grams (25 pellets per 10 grams) or .0004 kilograms. 42120 kph = 11700 mps. Ergo Joules = .5*.0004*117002 = 27378 Joules of Kinetic Energy. A 100 pound cannon ball is 45 kilograms. Doing some simple algebra, I calculated that to equal 27378 Joules of kinetic energy, the 45 kilogram cannon ball would need to be traveling at 34.88 mps or 78 miles per hour..
5 Dick, Steven J. (1982). Plurality of Worlds: The Origins of the Extraterrestrial Life Debate from Democritus to Kant. New York, Cambridge University Press; Dick, Steven J. (1996). The Biological Universe: The Twentieth Century Extraterrestrial Life Debate and the Limits of Science. New York, Cambridge University Press; Dick, Steven J. (2000). Many Worlds: The New Universe, Extraterrestrial Life and the Theological Implications. Conshohocken, PA, Templeton Foundation Press; and Dick, Steven J. and Roger D. Launius, Ed. (2007). Societal Impact of Spaceflight. Washington, D.C., NASA.
6 Tenenbaum, David. (2008, 2/18/2008). “Amino Acid Ingredients Found in Distant Galaxy.” Astrobiology Magazine Retrieved 2/20/2009, 2009, from http://www.astrobio.net/news/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=2623&theme=Printer .
7McKay, Christopher P. (2009). Astrobiology and Society: The Long View. Workshop to Develop an Astrobiology Roadmap of Societal Issues. SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA. See also McKay, Christopher P. (2009). “Biologically Reversible Exploration.” Science 323: 718.
8“Allan Hills 84001.”(2009). Retrieved 2/16/2009, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001 .
10 See for instance, Ross Kraemer, William Cassidy, Susan L. Schwartz (2003). Religions of Star Trek. Boulder, Westview Press; Jennifer E. Porter and Darcee L. McLaren, Ed. (2000). Star Trek and Sacred Ground: Explorations of Star Trek, Religion, and American Culture. Albany, State University of New York Press; and Jon Wagner and Jan Lundeen (1998). Deep Space and Sacred Time: Star Trek in the American Mythos. Westport, CT, Praeger.
14 Union of Concerned Scientists (2009). UCS Satellite Database http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/space_weapons/technical_issues/ucs-satellite-database.html
Des Marais, David J., Josepth A Nuth III (2008). “The NASA Astrobiology Roadmay.” Astrobiology 8(4): 715-730.
Dick, Steven J. (1982). Plurality of Worlds: The Origins of the Extraterrestrial Life Debate from Democritus to Kant. New York, Cambridge University Press.
Dick, Steven J. (1996). The Biological Universe: The Twentieth Century Extraterrestrial Life Debate and the Limits of Science. New York, Cambridge University Press.
Dick, Steven J. (2000). Cultural Aspects of Astrobiology: A Preliminary Reconnaissance at the Turn of the Millenium. ASP Conference Series.
Dick, Steven J. (2000). Many Worlds: The New Universe, Extraterrestrial Life and the Theological Implications. Conshohocken, PA, Templeton Foundation Press.
Dick, Steven J. and James Strick (2005). The Living Universe: NASA and the Development of Astrobiology. New Brunswick, NJ, Rutgers University Press.
Dick, Steven J. and Roger D. Launius, Ed. (2007). Societal Impact of Spaceflight. Washington, D.C., NASA.
Emmerich, Roland (1996). Independence Day. USA, 20th Century Fox: 145.
Iannotta, Becky and Tariq Malik (2009) U.S. Satellite Destroyed in Space Collision. Space.com, Retrieved 2/16/2009: http://www.space.com/news/090211-satellite-collision.html
Kessler, Donald J. (1991). “Collisional Cascading: The Limits of Population Growth in Low Earth Orbit”.” Advances in Space Research 11(12): 63-66.
Kraemer, Ross, William Cassidy, Susan L. Schwartz (2003). Religions of Star Trek. Boulder, Westview Press.
Marks, Paul (2009) Satellite collision ‘more powerful than China’s ASAT test’. New Scientists, Retrieved 2/16/2009: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16604-satellite-collision-more-powerful-than-chinas-asat-test.html.
McKay, Christopher P. (2009). Astrobiology and Society: The Long View. Workshop to Develop an Astrobiology Roadmap of Societal Issues. SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA.
McKay, Christopher P. (2009). “Biologically Reversible Exploration.” Science 323: 718.
Morris, Simon Conway (2003). Life’s Solution: Inevitable Humans in a Lonely Universe. New York, Cambridge University Press.
Porter, Jennifer E. and Darcee L. McLaren, Ed. (2000). Star Trek and Sacred Ground: Explorations of Star Trek, Religion, and American Culture. Albany, State University of New York Press.
Rummell, John (2009). NASA’s Astrobiology Program: Implementation, Truth, and Consequences. Workshop to Develop an Astrobiology Roadmap of Societal Issues. SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA.
Sagan, Carl (1985). Contact. New York, Pocket Books.
Spielberg, Steven (1982). E.T. – The Extra-Terrestrial. USA, Universal Studios.
Stanton, Andrew (2008). Wall-E. USA, Walt Disney Studios: 98.
Tenenbaum, David. (2008, 2/18/2008). “Amino Acid Ingredients Found in Distant Galaxy.” Astrobiology Magazine Retrieved 2/20/2009, 2009, from http://www.astrobio.net/news/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=2623&theme=Printer .
Union of Concerned Scientists (2009). UCS Satellite Database http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/space_weapons/technical_issues/ucs-satellite-database.html.
Wagner, Jon and Jan Lundeen (1998). Deep Space and Sacred Time: Star Trek in the American Mythos. Westport, CT, Praeger.
Wikipedia (2000) “Allan Hills 84001.” Retrieved 2/16/2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_Hills_84001
Wikipedia (2009). “Drake Equation”. Retrieved 2/16/2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drake_equation .
Zemeckis, Robert (1997). Contact. USA, Warner Brothers: 153.<|endoftext|>Manager troppo attenti a seguire i continui report finanziari e poco all'innovazione. E così, uno strumento che dovrebbe servire per favorire gli interessi degli azionisti potrebbe per paradosso essere la causa di minori profitti per le grandi imprese. E' quanto emerge da uno studio della Business School di Londra.
La frequenza dei report aziendali, secondo questo studio, dovrebbe essere diminuita per favorire una maggiore innovazione e una riflessione a più lungo termine. Uno dei co-autori dello studio, Arthur Kraft ha scoperto che i manager sono costretti a focalizzarsi sempre più su come massimizzare i guadagni a breve termine a discapito dell'implementazione di una strategia a lungo termine, quando le aziende si vedono imporre - o si auto-impongono - una rendicontazione finanziaria a cadenze regolari. Una minore tensione verso obiettivi a lungo termine ostacola la lungimiranza e impedisce di investire nell'innovazione per timore di andare incontro a spese a breve termine. Invece, un approccio meno rigido al reporting finanziario dà ai manager il respiro di cui hanno bisogno per concentrarsi di meno sui guadagni a breve termine che servono a compiacere gli shareholder, e di più su come investire in progetti di maggior valore per l'azienda.
La ricerca ha preso in esame le domande di brevetto delle aziende statunitensi nel secolo scorso. Durante il periodo di tempo preso in considerazione, il rapporto ha rilevato che le aziende che hanno aumentato la propria frequenza di reporting sono andate incontro a una diminuzione dei brevetti e a una perdita di valore di quelli realizzati. I risultati suggeriscono che sia la quantità che la qualità dell'innovazione diminuiscano se i manager vengono messi regolarmente sotto la lente d'ingrandimento. Il che può condurre all'inerzia e a una cultura dell'immobilismo con aziende non più disposte ad investire.
"Aumentare la frequenza del reporting può aumentare la trasparenza e generare opportunità di investimenti esterni. Tuttavia, gli azionisti e le autorità di regolamentazione finanziaria dovrebbero considerare i fattori inibitori che questo può avere sui manager e sulla loro motivazione e performanc", dice Kraft. "L'innovazione aziendale ha vantaggi significativi per l'economia globale e i manager dovrebbero essere incoraggiati ad adottare un approccio più olistico alla pianificazione a lungo termine per contribuire a migliorare la sostenibilità del business".
Kraft sottolinea anche come l'attuale pandemia da coronavirus sia la prova che, nella situazione attuale, le aziende abbiano bisogno di un approccio lungimirante senza precedenti: "Gli investimenti nell'innovazione comprendono inizialmente costi di ricerca, sviluppo e implementazione, ma si tratta di componenti necessarie perché un'azienda possa crescere. Anche se nessuno avrebbe potuto prevedere gli eventi del 2020, è evidente che coloro che sono stati in grado di adattare i propri modelli di business hanno, generalmente, superato meglio la pandemia. Essere in grado di adattarsi a qualsiasi aspetto della 'nuova normalità' richiederà investimenti innovativi come mai prima d'ora - ed è importante che i manager abbiano la libertà di farlo", conclude.<|endoftext|>据中国大陆军方消息人士透露，解放军在南中国海的军事演习，并非要夺取台湾控制的东沙群岛，只是定期训练计划的一部分。共同社本月12日曾引述消息人士报道，大陆计划8月在南中国海进行军演，举行模拟夺取东沙群岛的大规模登陆演习。不过香港《南华早报》报道，不愿具名的大陆军方人士透露，东沙群岛只有200名台湾军人驻守，大陆派出一支航母战斗群来占领如此狭小的岛屿没有意义。登陆演习只是大陆军方定期训练计划的一部分。<|endoftext|>One of the mysteries of the English language finally explained.
The action of taking back, without legal process, property of one's own that has been wrongfully taken or withheld.
- ‘In addition, the pilot may rely on what is known as ‘recaption’ as a defence to trespass when entering the land to retrieve the glider.’
- ‘In the first place, to be subject to recaption the property must be the property of the ‘re-captor,’ and must also be the identical property taken by another, capable of identification, and not other property however similar.’
Mid 18th century: from Anglo-Latin recaptio(n-), from re- ‘back’ + Latin captio(n-) ‘taking’.
In this article we explore how to impress employers with a spot-on CV.<|endoftext|>"نگاهی به رسانه های شنبه"
ـ حدود 4 ساعت پیش می خوانیم که کلانتری، رئیس سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست ایران، استعفای معاون اش را "به دلیل تنگ نظریهای موجود" پذیرفته بوده است.
ـ دقایقی بعد می خوانیم که روحانی در جمع مدیران ارشد دولتی گفته است که "بعضی ها از این که مردم اطلاعات داشته باشند، خوششان نمی آید".
ـ فقط یک دقیقه بعد ظریف هشدار می دهد که در صورت خروج دولت امریکا از برجام، ایران آمادۀ از سرگیری فعالیتهای هسته ای خویش است.
ـ دیری نمی گذرد که فرماندۀ کل ارتش جمهوری اسلامی، که به قول خودش "برای تودهنی زدن به دشمنان" در مراسمی مربوط به بسیج شرکت کرده است، اعلام می کند "دوست دارد جانشین فرماندۀ بسیج باشد".
ـ آنگاه از زبان وزیر ارتباطات مطلع می شویم تعداد مشاغل ایجاد شده در فضای مجازی در دو سال گذشته، نه دومیلیون، چنان که روحانی اعلام کرد، بلکه دویست هزار بوده است.
ـ سپس نوبت وزیر دادگستری می رسد که خبر دیروز رسانه ها دایر بر دستگیری سعید مرتضوی را تکذیب کند.
ـ در این فاصله رئیس سازمان انرژی اتمی ایران هم برنهاده است که سازمان تحت مسئولیت اش آماده از سرگیری غنی سازی اورانیوم است و همچنین آماده است مثل یک ارتش حرکت کند.
ـ سپس، فقط حیث نمونه، خبر ادامۀ اعتصاب چندروزۀ کسبه را در بانه می خوانیم.
ـ و خبر ادارۀ کل حفاظت محیط زیست کردستان را دایر بر این که میزان آلودگی هوای سنندج به هفت برابر حد مجاز رسیده است.
ـ دقایقی پیش نماینده اهواز در مجلس خبر بازداشت بیش از 150 نفر از کسانی را که در روزهای اخیر به اعتراض مدنی و مسالمت آمیز برخاسته اند، تایید کرد.
ـ ظاهراً شاه بیت سخنان روحانی در جمع مدیران ارشد دولتی، در خطابی غیر مستقیم به خامنه ای، این بوده است که "ما دشمن و بدخواه داریم. در منطقه و جهان، در ابرقدرتها بدخواه داریم، باید به فکر آن هم باشیم اما نباید خیلی فکر خود را به آن مشغول کنیم."
آیا شما با خواندن این مشت نمونۀ خروار دستخوش حسی از آتش زیر خاکستر جامعه و گسیختگی امور در دست جمهوری اسلامی نمی شوید؟<|endoftext|>“Bizler büyük kuyruksuz maymunlarız-.. Bugüne dek biz dahil yaşamış olan bütün kuyruksuz maymunlar birbirine bir ebeveyn-çocuk bağı gibi kırılmaz bir zincirle bağlı.
Moleküler kanıtlar şempanzelerle ortak atalarımızın Afrika’da beş ile yedi milyon yıl önce, yüz bin kuşak önce meselâ, yaşadığını düşündürüyor bizlere. Evrimsel standartlara göre bu, uzun bir zaman değil .”
Richard Dawkins.
Dr. Steve Best
Homo Sapiens’in doğadaki yerini ve doğasını bilmek isteyen
ve türümüzün daha geniş bir biyolojik tarih ve ilişki ağı içerisinde nasıl bir yeri
olduğunu bilmek isteyen herkes bilimsel tablolara başvurarak işe başlayabilir.
Formal isimlendirme, sınıflandırma ve türlerin hiyerarşik bir biçimde
sıralanmasına taksonomi adı veriliyor. Bu alanın modern öncüsü ise Carl
Linnaeus’tu (1707-1778).
Bir takım hantal isim ve tanımlarla karşı karşıya bulunan Linnaeus
ortak fiziksel karakteristiklere dayanarak biyolojik sınıflandırmaları
düzenlemeye ve basitleştirmeye karar verdi.1735 yılında “Systema naturae” (Doğanın Sistemi) adlı eserinin ilk baskısını hazırladı, bu kitabı sürekli yeniledi. Kitabın onuncu ve
son baskısı (1758) bilim adına standart bir referans haline geldi. Linnaean
taksonomik biyoçeşitliliği âlemlere ayır
|
5 | 5 | 2 |
فی الخبرین دلاله على الاشتراک فی الربح مع المخالفه. نعم فی صحیح جمیل عن أبی عبد اللّٰه (ع): «فی رجل دفع الى رجل مالًا یشتری به ضرباً من المتاع مضاربه، فذهب فاشترى به غیر الذی أمره. قال: هو ضامن، و الربح بینهما على ما شرط» و لا یبعد أن یکون التقیید فیه من قبیل التقیید فی مقام الظاهر، لا الواقع و على هذا فلیس فی الروایات بأجمعها ما هو ظاهر فی الاشتراک فی الربح مع التقیید الواقعی الذی هو خلاف القواعد.
نعم فی صحیح الحلبی عن أبی عبد اللّٰه (ع): «فی الرجل یعطی الرجل مالا مضاربه فیخالف ما شرط علیه قال (ع): هو ضامن و الربح بینهما». فإن إطلاقه یقتضی الاشتراک فی الربح حتى فی القیود الواقعیه. لکن الخروج عن القواعد به فی صوره التقیید الواقعی مشکل مع احتمال الحمل على غیره. »
[8] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 15
[9] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 15
[10] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 16« وَ رَوَاهُ الشَّیْخُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِیسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِیسَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِی عُمَیْرٍ عَنْ أَبَانٍ وَ یَحْیَى عَنْ أَبِی الْمَغْرَاءِ عَنِ الْحَلَبِیِّ مِثْلَهُ»
[11] مراد اسناد شیخ طوسی در تهذیب می باشد.
[12] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 16
[13] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 17
[14] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 18
[15] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 18
[16] وسائل الشیعه، ج 19، ص: 18<|endoftext|>CAR T cell therapy, an approach which reprograms patients' own immune cells to attack their blood cancers, may enhance the effectiveness of surgery for solid tumors, according to a preclinical study from researchers in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
In the study, published today in Science Advances, the researchers applied a special gel containing human CAR T cells to surgical wounds in mice following partial tumor removal. They found that in almost all cases, the CAR T cells apparently eliminated the residual tumor cells-;allowing the mice to survive when they otherwise would have succumbed to tumor recurrence.
Surgery can be curative when a solid tumor cancer has not spread. However, where a tumor ends and healthy tissue begins is often very difficult for surgeons to discern. Thus, for many cancer types, post-surgical recurrence due to remaining microscopic tumor cells is common. One possible approach to this problem is to apply an anti-tumor treatment to the remaining tissue margins immediately after tumor removal, to kill any residual tumor cells. In the study, Penn researchers tested that approach using CAR T cells.
As we continue to advance CAR T cell therapy forward, finding applications for use in solid tumors is a major goal. Based on the promising results in this study, our colleagues have planned a clinical trial in patients with locally advanced breast cancer."
Carl June, MD, study senior author, the Richard W. Vague Professor in Immunotherapy and director of the Center for Cellular Immunotherapies at Penn Medicine's Abramson Cancer Center
CAR T cells are T cells-;a powerful type of immune cell-;that are engineered to target specific proteins. All the CAR T treatments that have been approved for clinical use target proteins found on cancer cells. Typically, the T cells are harvested from the patient's blood, engineered in the lab, and then put back into the patient to work as a "living drug." June and colleagues at Penn helped develop and test what became, in 2017, the first U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved CAR T treatment. There are now six approved CAR T cell therapies targeting a variety of blood cancers, which have provided fresh hope for patients who have run out of conventional options.
Solid tumors, so far, have been a harder target for CAR T treatments, due in part to tumor bulk and tumor anti-immune defenses. However, another group of researchers showed in a study last year, in a mouse model of brain cancer, that CAR T cells might be useful for the more limited task of clearing up residual cancer cells after surgery. In the new study, June and colleagues tried this same approach against two other cancer types: triple-negative breast cancer, which lacks all of the three major breast cancer markers, and human pancreatic ductal carcinoma, the most common type of pancreatic cancer. Both of these solid tumor types are notoriously hard to cure.
The CAR T cells were engineered to home in on the protein mesothelin, a surface marker on both types of tumor cell in the experiments. Without the CAR T cell and fibrin gel, the remaining tumor tissue grew and the mice succumbed within about seven weeks. With the gel, however, residual tumor tissue swiftly disappeared in 19 of 20 mice, and these animals survived without wound-healing complications or other apparent side effects for the remainder of the observation period.
Further experiments showed that CAR T cells targeting mesothelin have the potential to attack healthy cells bearing that protein marker after intravenous injection, and the toxicity was decreased by local injection of the CAR T cells compared to direct injection of the cells into the blood.
"This study demonstrates the promise of CAR T as an add-on to surgery for solid tumors," June said. "We also think that this approach could be broadened to deliver other cellular therapies and anticancer agents in addition to CAR T cells, potentially boosting the antitumor effectiveness even further."
Additional authors include Ugur Uslu, Tong Da, Charles-Antoine Assenmacher, John Scholler, Regina Young, and Julia Tchou.
Funding for the study was provided by the Mildred-Scheel-Postdoctoral Fellowship of the German Cancer Aid, the Abramson Cancer Center, and the National Institutes of Health (P01CA214278).
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Uslu, U., et al. (2023) Chimeric antigen receptor T cells as adjuvant therapy for unresectable adenocarcinoma. Science Advances. doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade2526.
Posted in: Medical Science News | Medical Research News | Medical Condition News
Tags: Adenocarcinoma, Adjuvant Therapy, Antigen, Blood, Brain, Brain Cancer, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Carcinoma, Cell, Chimeric Antigen Receptor, Clinical Trial, Ductal Carcinoma, Education, Food, Health Systems, Hospital, Immunotherapy, Leukemia, Medical School, Medicine, Mouse Model, Pancreatic Cancer, Preclinical, Protein, Receptor, Research, Surgery, Tumor, Wound
Source: Read Full Article<|endoftext|>大概是墨翎突然开口，惊得木槿手中的树枝啪地一下掉进了炉火里。
木槿不甚在意，又重新取了一根，“我故意的。”随着话语的落下是啪啪地折树枝声音。
空气静默了一下。
“你不...
不再显示订阅提醒，自动订阅下一章<|endoftext|>واشنگتن — یک اوهایو قاضی را رد کرده است یک درخواست به تاخیر دولت در جمعه اولیه انتخابات تا ماه ژوئن 2nd میان coronavirus نگرانی با توجه به اخبار محلی گزارش.
طرح دعوی در دادگاه در روز دوشنبه با دو اوهایو ساکنان بیش از سن 65 که گفت: آنها آسیب پذیر به کروناویروس و نمی خواهید به من بدهید تا احقاق حق خود برای رای دادن در انتخابات مقدماتی.
اوهایو فرماندار مایک DeWine تا به حال گفته شد که دولت نمی خواهد در مخالفت با طرح دعوی در دادگاه خود را به عنوان وزارت بهداشت با صدور دستور منع تجمعات بیش از 50 نفر و توصیه می شود افراد بیش از 65 سال به خود قرنطینه برای جلوگیری از ابتلا به ویروس. (گزارش شده توسط Amanda Becker; ویرایش توسط ساندرا ملر)<|endoftext|>تجربه اقامت در هتلی ممتاز و مجلل با رزرو هتل استقلال تهران
تهران پایتخت ایران است و به همین دلیل، امکانات زیادی دارد. اکثر اداره های بزرگ، بیمارستان های فوق تخصصی، مراکز دانشگاهی، مکانهای دیدنی، مراکز خرید و... در این شهر متمرکز شده است و به همین دلیل، افراد زیادی به تهران سفر می کنند تا از امکانات موجود در پایتخت استفاده کنند.
فرقی نمی کند هدف شما از رفتن به تهران چه چیزی باشد، در هر صورت باید هتلی مناسب را برای اقامت خودتان انتخاب کنید تا یک اقامت به یاد ماندنی و جذاب را در تهران تجربه کنید.
هتل استقلال تهران هتلی پنج ستاره است که یکی از برترین و مجللترین هتل های ایران محسوب می شود. هتل استقلال تهران، در گذشته بزرگترین هتل خاورمیانه بوده است. امکانات رفاهی هتل استقلال تهران بسیار متنوع است و جذابیت خاصی دارد. این هتل درجه یک، میزبان خوبی برای مسافران ایرانی و توریست های خارجی است.
اگر می خواهید به تهران سفر کنید و به دنبال هتلی لاکچری و شیک برای اقامت خود هستید، از شما دعوت می کنیم که تا انتهای این مقاله با ما همراه شوید تا شما را با امکانات جذاب هتل استقلال تهران آشنا کنیم.
معرفی هتل استقلال تهران
هتل استقلال تهران هتلی پنج ستاره است که یکی از برترین هتل های ایران محسوب می شود. هتل استقلال در تقاطع بزرگراه شهید چمران و خیابان ولیعصر قرار دارد و موقعیت مکانی آن بسیار عالی است. هتل استقلال، هتلی درجه یک است و از بهترین هتلها برای اقامت در شمال تهران محسوب می شود. این هتل بین المللی، ساختمانی بسیار باشکوه دارد که به دو برج غربی و شرقی تقسیم می شود و شما می توانید در هرکدام از این ساختمان ها اقامت داشته باشید.
پرسنل هتل استقلال تهران بسیار حرفه ای و باتجربه هستند و با نهایت ادب و احترام با شما برخورد می کنند. استانداردهای هتلداری در هتل استقلال بالا است و تمام کارکنان هتل تلاششان را می کنند تا مهمانان هتل، در نهایت رفاه و آرامش در این هتل اقامت داشته باشند.
در هتل استقلال تهران، شما می توانید واحد اقامتی موردنظر خود را از میان انواع اتاق های یک تخته برج شرقی، اتاق دو تخته تویین برج شرقی، اتاق دو تخته دابل برج شرقی، سوئیت جونیور نرمال برج شرقی و سوئیت رویال برج شرقی، انتخاب کنید و در آن اقامت داشته باشید.
امکانات رفاهی، تفریحی و ورزشی هتل استقلال تهران
با اقامت در هرکدام از اتاق های هتل استقلال تهران، شما از امکاناتی مانند چای ساز، حوله، توالت فرنگی، توالت ایرانی مشترک، تلویزیون، اینترنت پرسرعت، میز غذاخوری، چیلر، مبلمان، آویز لباس، کمد لباس، سشوار، لوازم بهداشتی، مینی بار و میز آرایش بهرهمند خواهید شد.
در هتل استقلال تهران، خدماتی مانند خدمات خانهداری، ترانسفر مسافر، خدمات خشکشویی، روم سرویس، اتاق چمدان، تشریفات و تاکسی سرویس نیز برای مهمانان هتل انجام می شود.
وجود مراکز خرید باشکوه، رستوران های مختلف، شعب بانکی، صرافی، بیزینس سنتر، سالن کنفرانس، تالارهای زیبا، آرایشگاه و آتلیه عکاسی از دیگر بخشهای جالب هتل استقلال هستند.
برای تجربه هیجان در طول اقامت خود نیز می توانید از امکانات تفریحی و ورزشی هتل استقلال تهران استفاده کنید. امکاناتی مانند زمین تنیس، باشگاه ورزشی، استخر سرپوشیده، سالن اسپا و ماساژ، سونا و جکوزی از جمله امکانات تفریحی هتل استقلال هستند.
اگر به دنبال هتلی مجلل و شیک برای اقامت خود هستید، هتل استقلال تهران را به شما پیشنهاد می کنیم.
رزرو هتل استقلال تهران با سامانه سفربازی
سامانه سفربازی، بهترین سایت رزرو هتل در ایران است که می توانید در آن، به رزرو هتل استقلال تهران با بهترین قیمت بپردازید. برای رزرو هتل استقلال تهران در سامانه سفربازی، همین حالا وارد این سامانه شوید و تصاویر و امکانات رفاهی هتل استقلال را مشاهده کنید. سپس با اطمینان خاطر برای رزرو هتل استقلال تهران اقدام کنید.<|endoftext|>رییس سازمان زندانها و اقدامات تامینی و تربیتی کشور با ابراز امیدواری از تعاملاتی که در رابطه با ساماندهی طرح تحول سلامت صورت گرفته و در آینده نیز ادامه خواهد داشت، اظهار کرد: بزودی شاهد اجرای طرح تحول سلامت در زندانهای کشور باشیم.
زندانی بیمار، امنیت زندان را به مخاطره می اندازد - زندانی هم شهروند است - زندان ، بایدها و نبایدها - زندانیان نباید پس از حبس از جامعه جدا شوند - آزادی بیان در زندان
اصغر جهانگیر درباره آخرین وضعیت ساماندهی طرح تحول سلامت در زندانها گفت: بعد از حضور وزیر بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی در زندان قزلحصار در اسفند ماه سال گذشته کارگروهی متشکل از مسئولان ذیربط در سازمان زندانها و وزارت بهداشت تشکیل و طی 15 جلسه کارشناسی فشرده، بسته خدمتی آماده شد که جهت اجرایی شدن آزمایشی طرح در زندان قزلحصار باید منابع مالی آن مشخص شود.
وی ادامه داد: طی رایزنیهای متعدد مقرر شد اولاً زندانها به صورت «حاشیه شهر» در طرح سلامت دیده شوند و کلیه پزشکان زندانها به عنوان پزشک خانواده که در محرومترین نقطه هر استان خدمت میکنند در نظر گرفته شوند و ثانیاً تأمین منابع مالی در سه بخش لحاظ شود.
چرا کسی به زندانی آزاد شده شغل نمی دهد - آزادی مشروط زندانیان - اجازه نمی دهیم زندان برای زندانیان قانون شکن به محیطی امن تبدیل شود
جهانگیر به ایسنا گفت: بخشی از این منابع مالی سهم سازمان زندانهاست که مشخص و حاضر است، بخشی سهم وزارت بهداشت از محل 1 درصد یارانههای سلامت کشور است که با آمادگی وزارت بهداشت در این خصوص راه هموار شده است و بخش سوم مربوط به حضور بیمه سلامت است که هنوز توسط وزارت رفاه تأمین نشده است که امیدواریم با تعاملاتی که صورت گرفته و در آینده نیز ادامه خواهد داشت بزودی به ثمر بنشیند و شاهد اجرای طرح تحول سلامت در زندانهای کشور باشیم.
وی بیان کرد: البته به تازگی بیمه بستری زندانیان با همکاری بیمه سلامت ایران انجام گرفته است اما باید گفت بیمه بستری بخش کوچکی از اقدامات درمانی بوده و نیاز است که بیمههای درمان، بیمه هزینههای پاراکلینیکی نیز به طور کامل اجرا شود.
رییس سازمان زندانها و اقدامات تامینی و تربیتی کشور در پاسخ به این سوال که ضرورت ساخت زندانهای جدید چیست؟ گفت: ما به چند دلیل نیاز به ساخت زندانهای جدید داریم.
به گفته جهانگیر، نکته مهمی که باید در ابتدا ذکر شود این است که ساخت زندان جدید به معنای افزایش تعداد زندانها نیست، بلکه در بسیاری از موارد ساخت زندانهای جدید برای جایگزینی با زندانهای قدیمی است. از طرف دیگر تعدادی از زندانها در داخل شهرها قرار دارند که طبق قانون باید آنها را از شهرها خارج کنیم.
وی ادامه داد: ضرورت دیگری که ساخت زندانهای جدید را ایجاب میکند، افزایش سرانههای اصلی از جمله سرانه اسکان زندانیان و همچنین توسعه استانداردهای لازم است. در مجموع ساخت زندانهای جدید و جایگزینی با زندانهای قدیمی به لحاظ حقوق شهروندی نیز مهم است.
اعطای مرخصی به متهم تحت بازداشت موقت - شرایط و ضوابط مرخصی 15 روزه به زندانیان به مناسبت لیالی قدر
رییس سازمان زندانها با اشاره به سفر استانی رئیس دستگاه قضایی به استان مازندران درباره وضعیت زندانهای این استان گفت: استان مازندران دارای 10 مرکز تامینی و تربیتی است که در حدود 8 هزار زندانی را نگهداری میکند که از این تعداد حدود 96 درصد زندانیان را مردان تشکیل میدهند. جهانگیر ادامه داد: در مجموع 75 درصد زندانیان دارای محکومیت قطعی و 18 درصد تحت قرار و 7 درصد محکوم و دارای قرار باز هستند. رییس سازمان زندانها و اقدامات تامینی و تربیتی کشور بیشترین جرم زندانیان استان مازندران را جرایم مربوط به مواد مخدر دانست و افزود: حدود 41 درصد زندانیان استان را جرایم مواد مخدر شامل میشود که نرم کشور حدود 43 درصد است. به گفته وی، بعد از مواد مخدر، سرقت و ربودن مال غیر در رتبه دوم جرایم استان قرار دارد که حدود 25 درصد جرایم استان را تشکیل میدهد. جهانگیر با بیان اینکه چندین پروژه در استان مازندران در حال ساخت است، اعلام کرد: از جمله این پروژهها، ندامتگاه تنکابن، ندامتگاه آمل، ندامتگاه بهشهر، کانون اصلاح و تربیت ساری و همچنین زندان مرکزی ساری است که تمامی این پروژهها در مراحل مختلف ساخت قرار دارند. رییس سازمان زندانها افزود: دو ندامتگاه و یک بازداشتگاه نیز برای استان مازندران پیشبینی شده است که در مرحله مطالعه و جانمایی است و در حوزه اشتغال و حرفهآموزی و فعالیتهای فرهنگی و مددکاری نیز در این استان اقدامات بسیار خوبی صورت گرفته است. وی تصریح کرد: پیگیریهای مستمر و سازندهای برای صلح و سازش و گذشت با همکاری مراجع قضایی و شورای حل اختلاف صورت گرفته که از 76 پرونده محکومان به قصاص تعداد 36 پرونده منجر به اخذ رضایت از اولیای دم شده و بخشیدن زندگی دوباره به آنها شده است.
جهانگیر در پایان اعلام کرد: در حوزه اشتغال و حرفهآموزی نیز 1703 نفر در فعالیتهای کشاورزی، صنایع دستی، پرورش قارچ، پرورش مرغ و اردک و دامپروری، تولید بلوک و خدمات
|
5 | 5 | 3 |
iberti , e per qualche tempo anche sotto la gestione Lombardi. Naturalmente sono ben accetti altri suggerimenti e modifiche che migliorino ulteriormente il lavoro svolto. Carmine Iacovazzo, presenze nei tornei ufficiali []. URL consultato il 10 agosto La struttura, prima di divenire l'impianto per gli allenamenti della Salernitana nel , ha subito un profondo cambiamento, come l'ampliamento del terreno di gioco, la ristrutturazione degli spogliatoi e degli altri locali di servizio come la palestra annessa e l'infermeria, e sono stati migliorati gli impianti presenti, come il sistema di illuminazione.
Prestazioni Salernitana. La Salernitana ha registrato un risultato di 1 - 0 nell’ultima partita quando ha giocato contro Lo Spezia. Le forze offensive della squadra hanno segnato 9 gol negli ultimi 10 incontri. Per ogni partita, La Salernitana ha una media gol pari a . Prestazioni Salernitana. La Salernitana ha registrato un risultato di 1 - 1 nell’ultima partita quando ha giocato contro Il Crotone. Le forze offensive della squadra hanno segnato 10 gol negli ultimi 10 incontri. Per ogni partita, La Salernitana ha una media gol pari a 1. Negli ultimi 6 mesi, la squadra ha segnato 19 goal in 16 partite. Incontri tra avversari Salernitana Calcio e Pescara Calcio da / Sommario. Il derby Napoli-Salernitana è la sfida che pone di fronte la principale società calcistica di Napoli contro il principale club di Salerno. Il match ha visto le due compagini, nel .<|endoftext|>- An example of short is a walk that lasts only five minutes.
- An example of short is hair that doesn't even go to your neck.
- An example of short is a skirt that doesn't come down to your knees.
- An example of short is when you can pay attention only for a moment.
- not extending far from end to end; not long or not long enough
- not great in span, range, or scope: a short distance, journey, throw, view, etc.
- low or relatively low in height; not tall
- lasting only a little time; brief
- passing quickly: a few short weeks
- not retentive for long: a short memory
- condensed or concise, as a literary style, story, speech, etc.
- brief or abrupt to the point of rudeness; curt
- quickly angered or irked
- less than or lacking a sufficient or correct amount, amount of time, etc.: a short measure, short on money, short notice
- not far enough to reach the mark, objective, etc.: the shot fell short
- having a tendency to break or crumble; friable; specif.,
- crisp or flaky, as pastry made from dough rich in shortening
- brittle and inductile when cold (cold short) or hot (hot short): said of metal
- designating a historical period considered in terms of a briefer duration than typically would be ascribed to it: "the short 20th century" (1914-2000) begins with WWI
- not having in possession at the time of sale the commodity or security one is selling in anticipation of a decline in price
- designating or of a sale of commodities or securities not in the possession of the seller
- articulated for a relatively short time; brief in duration: said of a speech sound
- popularly not diphthongized [the short a in “pan”]
- requiring a relatively short time to pronounce: said of syllables in quantitative verse
- unstressed: said of syllables in accentual verse
Origin of shortMiddle English ; from Old English scort, akin to Old Norse skort, short piece of clothing, Old High German scurz, short ; from Indo-European an unverified form (s)kerd- ; from base an unverified form (s)ker-, to cut, shear ; from curt
- something that is short; specif.,
- a short sound or syllable, contrasted with one that is long
- a film usually less than 30 min. in length
- a fish or lobster below the size that may be legally taken
- a shot that falls short of the target or objective
- a variation of clothing size shorter than the average for that size
- short, loose trousers reaching partway to the knee, worn in sports, etc.
- ⌂ men's undershorts
- items needed to make up a shortage or deficiency
- a byproduct of wheat milling that consists of bran, germ, and coarse meal
- trimmings, clippings, etc. left over in the manufacture of various products
- ⌂ shortstop
- short circuit
- one who has not yet covered the short sale of a stock, commodity, etc.
- abruptly; suddenly
- rudely; curtly
- briefly; concisely
- so as to be short in length
- by surprise; unawares: caught short
- by a short sale
- to give less than what is needed, wanted, or usual
- to take a short position in (a stock, commodity, etc.)
- in summing up; to summarize
- in a few words; briefly
short and sweet
- not equaling; less than
- without a sufficient or correct amount of; lacking
- not far enough to reach (the mark, objective, etc.)
- without actually resorting to
the short end of the stick⌂
- Having little length; not long.
- Having little height; not tall.
- Extending or traveling not far or not far enough: a short toss.
- a. Lasting a brief time: a short holiday.b. Appearing to pass quickly: finished the job in a few short months.
- Not lengthy; succinct: short and to the point.
- a. Rudely brief; abrupt: The owner was quite short with the new hire.b. Easily provoked; irascible: has a short temper.
- Inadequate; insufficient: oil in short supply; were short on experience.
- Lacking in length or amount: a board that is short two inches.
- Lacking in breadth or scope: a short view of the problem.
- Deficient in retentiveness: a short memory.
- a. Holding a trading position that is inversely related to the price of a security or index: short investors; an investor who is short gold.b. Of or relating to a short sale: a short position.
- a. Containing a large amount of shortening; flaky: a short pie crust.b. Not ductile; brittle: short iron.
- a. Linguistics Of, relating to, or being a speech sound of relatively brief duration, as the first vowel sound in the Latin word mălus, “evil,” as compared with the same or a similar sound of relatively long duration, as the first vowel sound in the Latin word m&amacron;lus, “apple tree.”b. Grammar Of, relating to, or being a vowel sound in English, such as the vowel sound (ă) in pat or (&oobrev;) in put, that is descended from a vowel of brief duration.
- Being of relatively brief duration. Used of a syllable in quantitative prosody.
- Slang Close to the end of a tour of military duty.
- Abruptly; quickly: stop short.
- In a rude or curt manner.
- At a point before a given boundary, limit, or goal: a missile that landed short of the target.
- At a disadvantage: We were caught short by the sudden storm.
- By means of a short sale: selling a commodity short.
- Something short, as:a. Linguistics A short syllable, vowel, or consonant.b. A brief film; a short subject.c. A size of clothing less long than the average for that size.d. shorts Short trousers extending to the knee or above.e. shorts Men's undershorts.
- a. A short sale.b. One that sells short.
- shorts A byproduct of wheat processing that consists of germ, bran, and coarse meal or flour.
- shorts Clippings or trimmings that remain as byproducts in various manufacturing processes, often used to make an inferior variety of the product.
- a. A short circuit.b. A malfunction caused by a short circuit.
- Baseball A shortstop.
verbshort·ed, short·ing, shorts
- To cause a short circuit in.
- Informal To give (one) less than one is entitled to; shortchange.
- To short-sell (a security or index).
Origin of shortMiddle English, from Old English sceort, scort; see sker-1 in Indo-European roots.
- A surname.
short - Computer Definition
short - Investment & Finance Definition
A synonym for sell, in contrast to long, in which a security has been purchased. It also may be used as a noun to refer to a trader who has sold financial instruments or contracts and thereby has a short (position).<|endoftext|>Collaborate with us to invoke and fully manifest Srila Prabhupada's Vani-presence.
IT/Prabhupada 0968 - La filosofia occidentale è l'edonismo, mangiare, bere, essere allegri e godere
- dehino 'smin yathā dehe
- kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā
- tathā dehāntara-prāptir
- dhīras tatra na muhyati
- (BG 2.13)
Quindi questa è una dichiarazione della Suprema personalità di Dio, bhagavān uvāca, non sei questo corpo. La prima istruzione per la comprensione spirituale è sapere che io non sono questo corpo. Questo è l'inizio. I cosiddetti yogīs, loro esercitano il corpo, studiare la psicologia della mente dai grafici, da tanti impostori. Ma la nostra filosofia (è) che non siamo questo corpo. Allora dov'è la domanda di esercitare il corpo e la realizzazione spirituale? Se non sono questo corpo, allora come posso realizzarmi semplicemente facendo qualche processo di ginnastica? Quindi questo è l'errore, il karmīs, jnanīs e gli yogīs. I karmīs, lavoratori interessati, persone materialiste, vogliono la comodità del corpo. La loro unica idea è come ottenere la migliore comodità per questo corpo. Questo corpo significa i sensi. Noi abbiamo gli occhi, le orecchie, il naso, la bocca, la lingua, le mani, i sensi genitali- abbiamo ottenuto così tanti sensi. Così, non appena siamo sulla concezione corporea della vita, immediatamente la necessità è per il piacere dei sensi. Ma Kṛṣṇa dice ad Arjuna "non sei questo corpo." Per questo il mio interesse personale non dipende dalla mia comodità per il corpo. Loro non lo sanno questo. Tutti, in questo momento, in questa età, la loro unica attività è come gratificare i sensi. Principio ateo. Proprio come ci fu un grande ateo, Cārvāka Muni. Tutte le classi di filosofi ci sono stati in India. I paesi occidentali, hanno avuto poche informazioni, ma in India, ci fu la coltivazione di tutti i tipi di filosofia. Così c'era la filosofia atea. Cārvāka Muni è il capo della classe atea di filosofi. Così ha detto, l'edonismo. La filosofia occidentale è l'edonismo, bere, mangiare, essere allegri e godere. Questa filosofia. Finché hai ottenuto questo corpo, mangiare, bere, essere allegro e godere. Cārvāka Muni ha anche detto così: ṛṇaṁ kṛtvā ghṛtaṁ pibet.<|endoftext|>شکی نیست که سنای آمریکا به تنوع نژادی بیشتری احتیاج دارد. و تنوع طبقاتی نیز. فرماندار گاوین نیوزوم با انتخاب الكس پادیلا وزیر امور خارجه كالیفرنیا به جای معاون تازه انتخاب شده كامالا هریس در مجلس سنا ، به هر دو هدف دست یافت. پادیلا ، پسر طبقه کارگر مهاجر مکزیکی ، اولین سناتور لاتین از کالیفرنیا ، ایالتی تقریباً 40 درصد لاتین تبدیل خواهد شد.
دارم تماشا میکنم اینو سپس سعی کنید ادعا کنید که Newsom انتخاب بدی انجام داده است. سخت است.
هنوز هم سخت است که سنا یکی از تنها 17 سناتور دموکرات زن – و تنها همسر سیاه پوستش را از دست داد. مردم کالیفرنیا نزدیک به 30 سال است که توسط دو زن در مجلس سنا نمایندگی می شوند و با افزایش چالش های سناتور دیان فاینشتاین ، از نظر سیاسی و غیره ، دشوار است که آرزو نکنید که نیوزوم موفق شده باشد او را به همین روش حفظ کند.
تقریباً یک کار غیرممکن وجود داشت. یک دموکرات لاتین گزینه ایده آل خواهد بود ، اما به عنوان شواهدی از موانعی که آنها با آن روبرو هستند ، هیچ یک در نقش های دولتی وجود ندارد و تعداد کمی در کنگره در کالیفرنیا وجود دارد. ائتلاف بیش از 100 زن مرتبط با Black Women United از فرماندار خواسته اند که باربارا لی از اوکلند یا کارن باس را از لس آنجلس انتخاب کند ، دو گزینه ای که مترقیان دوست دارند. برخی از مترقیان نیز خواستار جمهوری سفید نارنجی ، کیتی پورتر ، سفید هستند. اما نیوزوم احتمالاً باید نگران حذف عضوی دیگر از اکثریت رو به کاهش نانسی پلوسی باشد ، حداقل تا انتخابات ویژه ، و صندلی پورتر بنفش است و نه لزوماً آبی جامد.
به طور قابل پیش بینی ، گروه های مدافع لیبرال لاتین این اقدام را ستودند. “ما وزیر منصوب پادیلا را به خاطر انتصاب خود در سنای ایالات متحده تبریک می گوییم. این یک سنگ بنای بلند مدت برای جامعه لاتین محسوب می شود ، و این یک گام جسورانه در جهت ایجاد سنا است که به نظر می رسد به جوامعی که در آن خدمت می کند ، باشد. “
برخی از زنان سیاه پوستی که ابتدا بایدن را به انتخاب یک زن سیاه پوست به عنوان معاون رئیس جمهور ترغیب کردند و با هریس موفق شدند ، اما نتوانستند نیوزوم را به عنوان انتصاب یک زن سیاه پوست به جای او انتخاب کنند ، آشکارا از این انتخاب ناامید هستند. “خوب ، اکنون زنان سیاه پوست در مجلس سنا صدایی ندارند. ” مشاور سیاسی کارن فینی به سرعت توییت کرد. او بعدا قدم برداشت: “و از اینکه زنان سیاه پوستی در سنای ایالات متحده ندارم ناامید شده ام و از الکس پادیلا خوشحالم که بدون شک به ایالت کالیفرنیا در وطن من خدمت خواهد کرد. همچنین یک سوال بزرگتر از موانع ساختاری ، فرهنگی و سیاسی وجود دارد که فرصت های کمتری را برای ظهور رهبران رنگ ایجاد می کند. “
گلیندا کار ، بنیانگذار ارتفاعات بالاتر ، که تابستان گذشته با فینی و دیگران برای تحریک هریس همکاری کرد ، ناامیدی خود را به اشتراک گذاشت. “ما با انتخاب کامالا هریس گام بلندی رو به جلو برداشته ایم. این انتصاب یک قدم بزرگ به عقب است ، “او به من گفت. “بنابراین امروز ما در حال گسترش کار افزایش تعداد زنان و انتخاب زنان سیاه پوست به سنای ایالات متحده هستیم.”
واقعاً مسئله این است که هریس تنها سناتور زن سیاه پوست (و فقط دومین سناتور منتخب) بود ، در حالی که پادیلا اولین سناتور لاتین در کالیفرنیا خواهد بود. این اولین های تاریخی خیلی دیر آمد ؛ جوامع ما ، از جمله زنان دموکرات ، نباید با یکدیگر مخالفت کنند. آمریکای لاتین حق دارد مشتاق باشد. زنان سیاه پوست حق دارند ناامید شوند. ما باید دایره زنان ، جوانان و نامزدهای رنگی – به ویژه کاندیداهای رنگی مترقی جوان – را افزایش دهیم تا این فرصت ها بارها و بارها به عنوان یک بازی ناامید کننده با جمع صفر بازی نشوند.
منبع: offline-news.ir<|endoftext|>
تکنیک های عکس برداری
موضوعی که کاملا روشن است این است که ما برای ساخت تصویر سه بعدی نیاز به تصویر برداری از دو زاویه مختلف از سوژه مورد نظر خود داریم. برای این کار گرفتن دو شات، ساده ترین راه ممکن است ولی به علت این که ممکن است در بین این دو شات سوژه جا بجا شود و یا عوامل محیطی دست خوش تغییر شوند این روش برای عکس برداری از سوژه های ثابت قابل استفاده خواهد بود.
در نظر داشته باشید که زاویه ای که برای گرفتن دو تصویر استفاده می کنید دست خود شماست ولی باید سوژه در مرکز باقی بماند. هر چه زاویه شما بیشتر باشد عمق میدان بیشتری خواید داشت. عمق میدان زیاد از حد نیز باعث عدم همپوشانی مناسب و از دست رفتن جلوه واقعی عکس می شود. در ضمن با توجه به ساختار پخشی که مد نظر دارید هر چه زاویه شما بیشتر شود احتمال بیشتر شدن Crosstalk وجود دارد. برای این منظور دقت کنید که فاصله دو چشم از یک دیگر چند سانت بیشتر نیست ولی چون زاویه پوشش چشم انسان و لنز های دوربین عکاسی با هم متفاوتند شما معمولا نیاز به فاصله بیشتر و زاویه ی بیشتری دارید. با تمرین و تجربه اندازه این فاصله را بدست خواهید آورد. برای شروع توصیه می کنیم بین هر کدام از شات ها 10 سانت فاصله بگذارید.
به تصویر زیر دقت کنید (زاویه ها در این تصویر برای درک بهتر کشیده شده اند)<|endoftext|>无水醋酸钠的化学合成和制备方法
发表时间：2023-12-12
无水醋酸钠，也被称为冰醋酸钠，是一种无水物质，化学式为Na(CH₃COO)。下面是一种制备无水醋酸钠的方法：
材料：
冰醋酸（冷却至0°C以下）
碱性氧化铝（Al₂O₃）
步骤：
将碱性氧化铝放入冰醋酸中，搅拌均匀，反应产生乙酸铝。
将反应产物过滤，得到乙酸铝的溶液。
在低温下，将乙酸铝的溶液与氢氧化钠（NaOH）反应，生成无水醋酸钠。
将反应产物过滤，得到无水醋酸钠的溶液。
将溶液加热，去除其中的水分，得到无水醋酸钠的固体。
注意
|
5 | 6 | 0 |
ی تبریزی مهاجم ذوب آهن بوده است.
یک فصل خوب در سطح ایران
البته که آمار گلزنی تیم ها و بازیکنان در لیگ ایران نسبت به لیگ های معتبر جهان بسیار پایین تر است اما به نسبت همین فوتبال، تبریزی در این فصل آمار بسیار خوبی به دست آورده است. او در لیگ برتر ۱۳ گل زده و بعد از علی علیپور ۱۸ گله دومین گلزن برتر مسابقات امسال است. او در حالی که پرسپولیس قهرمان شده و ممکن است با انگیزه کمتری بازی کند می تواند با زدن چند گل دیگر به آقای گل حال حاضر لیگ برسد.
بازیکنی برای خطوط تهاجمی
اما آنچه تبریزی را در میان مهاجمان خوب حال حاضر فوتبال ایران مثل طارمی، سردار، کاوه رضایی و … قرار می دهد است که او توانایی بازی در پست های مختلف خطوط جلویی را دارد. تبریزی با قد ۱۸۷ سانتیمتر و قدرت سرزنی اش می تواند یک مهاجم نوک و هدف باشد اما او قدرت پا به توپ و سرعت دارد و به همین دلیل می تواند یک وینگر یا مهاجم کناری یا حتی مهاجم دوم باشد. همه این ها از او مهاجمی کامل در سطح فوتبال ایران ساخته است. تبریزی در این فصل علاوه بر گلزنی پاس گل های خوبی هم داده است و این مربوط به همان خصوصیات مختلفی است که بازی او دارد.
آمار و ارقام
تبریزی در این فصل برای ذوب آهن و در لیگ برتر و لیگ قهرمانان آسیا ۱۹ گل به ثمر رسانده است. ۱۳ گل در لیگ برتر، دو گل در بازی پلی آف آسیا برابر آیزاول هند و ۴ گل هم در مرحله گروهی لیگ قهرمانان آسیا گل های او در این فصل و تا اینجا هستند. تبریزی همچنین امسال در مجموع ۷ پاس گل هم به همبازیانش داده است.
بهترین سال تبریزی
لیگ هفدهم و این فصل از رقابت ها بهترین سال مهاجم ۲۷ ساله ذوب آهن است. او در فصل قبل در ۳۹ بازی ۱۴ گل زد و ۲ پاس گل داد. در سال ۹۴-۹۵ او در ۳۸ بازی ۱۰ گل زد و ۲ پاس گل داد و در سال ۹۳-۹۴ ۷ گل و ۲ پاس گل داشته است. در سال ۹۲-۹۳ تبریزی ۲۶ بازی انجام داد و تنها ۲ گل و ۴ پاس گل به ثبت رساند. در اولین سال حضورش در لیگ برتر در مجموع در سه بازی ۲ گل برای ذوب آهن به ثمر رساند.
ورزش سه: لیگ برای استقلالی ها به یازدهمین ماه خود رسیده و این تیم همچنان تنها تیمی است که در سه تورنمنت مختلف به رقابت می پردازد. استقلالی ها هنوز در لیگ برتر، جام حذفی و لیگ قهرمانان دیدارهای مهمی را پیش رو دارند اما فشار یک فصل طولانی، کار را برای آنها سخت کرده است.
سرمربی آلمانی استقلال روزهای گذشته و روز جمعه تلاش کرد تا با در نظر گرفتن تمرینات جدید و متنوع با شادابی بیشتر بازیکنان استقلال را برای یک ماه حساس و کلیدی پیش رو آماده کند. استقلالی ها آخرین دیدار فصل خود را ۲۵ اردیبهشت ماه برگزار می کنند و از همین روز آمادگی و نشاط بازیکنان این تیم از اهمیت بالایی برای شفر برخوردار است و سرمربی با تجربه استقلال تلاش کرده تا به این شکل این نشاط را به آنها تقدیم کند.
آبی پوشان روز شنبه آخرین تمرین خود را برای دیدار با پیکان برگزار می کنند و سپس برای چهار دیدار حساس پایان فصل خود آماده می شوند و از همین رو شفر تصمیم دارد تا با توجه به فاصله مناسب میان بازی ها، بازیکنان خود را به بهترین شکل برای دیدارهای حساس باقی مانده آماده کند.
ورزش سه: سرخیو آگوئرو، مهاجم منچسترسیتی، که از ناحیه زانوی راست دچار آسیب دیدگی شده بود، ادامه فصل را از دست داد.
آگوئرو در شکست ۳-۲ سیتی مقابل منچستریونایتد در برخورد با اشلی یانگ دچار آسیب دیدگی شد و چند روز قبل تحت عمل جراحی قرار گرفت. اکنون پپ گواردیولا تایید کرد که این ستاره آرژانتینی نمی تواند در دیدارهای باقی فصل سیتی را همراهی کند.
او به خبرنگاران گفت:” او ۴ یا ۵ هفته از میادین دور خواهد بود. امیدوارم بتوانیم او را برای جام جهانی آماده کنیم. او اکنون در بارسلوناست تا اولین مرحله بهبودی اش را پشت سر بگذارد.”
آرژانتین ۵۶ روز دیگر در اولین دیدارش در جام جهانی مقابل تیم ملی مکزیک قرار خواهد گرفت و همرتو دی آگوستینو، پزشک تیم ملی آرژانتین، اعلام کرده بود که نگران شرایط آمادگی آگوئرو برای جام جهانی است.
” آگوئرو ۶۰ روز قبل از جام جهانی تحت آرتروسکوپی قرار گرفت. ریکاوری او حداقل ۵ هفته زمان نیاز دارد. با توجه به مصدومیت های قبلی او، فرآیند ریکاوری خیلی سریع نخواهد بود. بنابراین هرگز کمتر از ۳ یا ۴ هفته نخواهد بود. تصور می کنم او تا پیش از جامج هانی، هرگز به آمادگی ۱۰۰ درصد نمی رسد.”
خبرگزاری فارس: استقلال خوزستان در دو دیدار پایانی خود در لیگ برتر برای فرار از سقوط تلاش میکند و باید با تیمها سپاهان و صنعت نفت آبادان رو به رو شود.
فرازد جعفری هافبک استقلال خوزستان در تمرین روز چهارشنبه تیمش که با بازی درون تیمی اختصاص داشت از ناحیه رباط صلیبی دچار مصدومیت شد.
بعد از گرفتن MRI مشخص شد این بازیکن در دو دیدار آینده خود نمی تواند بازی کند. گفته میشود مصدومیت این بازیکن از ناحیه رباط صلیبی است و برای ادامه درمان راهی تهران خواهد شد.
خبرگزاری فارس: برترین بازیکنان فصل جاری ۱۸-۲۰۱۷ در ۵ لیگ معتبر اروپا تا به اینجا اعلام شده است که در این میان لیونل مسی در صدر فهرست برترین بازیکنان قرار دارد.
لیونل مسی موفق شده در این فصل ۲۹ گل به ثمر برساند و ۱۲ پاس گل برای همتیمیهایش ساخته است.
در مجموع فوق ستاره آرژانتینی ۴۱ موقعیت گل برای تیمش ساخته است.
پس از مسی، محمد صلاح ستاره مصری قرار دارد. ۳۰ گل به ثمر رسانده و ۹ پاس گل ساخته است.
چیرو ایموبیله هم ۳۶ بار گل و پاس گل برای تیمش مهیا کرده است. ایموبیله ۲۷ گل به ثمر رسانده و ۹ پاس گل فراهم کرده است.<|endoftext|>Un gattino manca al proprietario che fa di tutto per riaverlo
Per i propri pelosi, alcune persone farebbero davvero di tutto. Un gattino manca al proprietario così tanto, che l'uomo fa perfino un gesto estremo
Quando si ama il proprio animale domestico non c’è niente che non si possa fare per lui; a Melbourne, in Australia, un gattino manca al proprietario a tal punto che questi ha deciso di farsi arrestare. L’episodio risale al gennaio scorso; quando un uomo di 44 anni, Tony Wittman, ha chiamato il rifugio della sua città per sapere se il suo gatto si trovasse lì.
Un gattino manca al proprietario che non può aspettare per rivedere il suo peloso; il peloso era scappato da casa per la sua solita passeggiata, quando è stato scambiato per un randagio e portato al rifugio. L’uomo ha quindi chiamato per riprendere il suo gatto, che non avrebbe potuto rivedere fino al giorno dopo. Il proprietario, ex membro dell’esercito, si è vestito con tuta mimetica, coperto il viso e ha preso un fucile d’assalto. È arrivato, poi, al rifugio e ha minacciato una donna dello staff; ha poi preso il gatto ed è andato via. La polizia ha arrestato l’uomo, lo stesso giorno. Ci sono 5 buoni motivi per prendere un gatto dal rifugio.
Il gattino manca al proprietario a tal punto che l’uomo ha fatto di tutto per riprenderlo, lasciando sbigottito il suo gatto e gli altri animali. L’uomo ha infine dichiarato che soffre di un disturbo da stress post traumatico e che il suo splendido micio aiuta a gestire tale problema. Questo gatto è letteralmente la salvezza per questo uomo, che ha aspettato poi solo dieci ore per riaverlo. I pelosi salvano la vita; questo uomo senza il suo gatto si sente perso. Come si fa ad amare davvero un gatto, ricambiando il suo sentimento?
I due non possono fare a meno di stare insieme; sicuramente il gesto dell’uomo è stato particolarmente esagerato e pericoloso, ma il motivo di tale gesto risiede nel suo disturbo. È incredibile come gli animali da compagnia siano gli unici in grado di tenere sotto controllo le emozioni dei proprietari con disturbi. Chi chiamare per salvare un gatto?
Altri articoli che potrebbero interessarti dai siti del nostro Network:<|endoftext|>功能：这个超级武器很多人其实并不陌生...
使用说明：这次朝鲜向半岛东部海域发射导弹而非南部
软件介绍：朝鲜此次公开宣布以驻日美军为假想敌实施导弹发射训练的举动实属罕见鉴于3月1日美韩两国开始实施大规模联合军演
我希望国际电视台能够得到大家的支持.
易普索莫里这项民调访问了包括巴西
的行为相当于将马来西亚公民扣为人质
一肚子墨水...
约翰内斯堡附近一废弃金矿发生坍塌事故...
主要功能：如果6人以上同意弹劾
软件名称：要么我杀了你们...
美参院批准卡森任住房部长佩里任能源部长中新网3月3日电据外媒报道
我自然会让他本人尽到说明责任在此之上
党组副书记2003-2006年梅州市委副书记
石经虎
;韩国须在60天内举行大选；如果弹劾案被驳回”“
还疯了<|endoftext|>Pests in the July Garden
Posted: July 11, 2012
Summer’s here and so are the pests. What is your plant suffering from and how should you take care of it? Here are some common problems facing our gardens in July.
Aphids are seen on most plants, from herbaceous to hardwoods, at various times of the year. These little guys can really be pesky. In colors of green, black and red, these soft bodied insects will suck the juices right out of a plant. The good news is they are relatively easy to control. Spraying a hard stream of water will knock them down. Most oils and soaps will do the job too. Keep an eye out for these insects as well as the beneficial insects that feed on them. Lady beetles are great devourers of aphids, at both the lady beetle’s larval and adult stages. Get to know what they look like so if you see a larvae lady beetle, you’ll know that the aphids are already being taken care of.
Blossom end rot on tomatoes and peppers is a common problem and often thought of as a disease. Samples of this come into the Extension Office on a regular basis beginning the end of June. The symptoms of this problem look like a leathery black end on the tomato. On peppers, it’s often found on the side of the fruit. It’s particularly exacerbating to find this problem because you typically don’t see it until you are ready to harvest. The tops of the fruit look ripe and delicious; then, bam! the bottoms are black.
This problem is not a disease, virus, or insect problem, but rather a nutritional issue. Calcium is a nutrient provided by the soil. Calcium helps the cell walls in the fruit to form. It moves through the plant by water. In the soil, it becomes even less accessible to the plant if the soil pH is less than 5.8. When the plant is young, it uses less calcium. As the fruit begins to grow, more calcium is needed for the fruit to develop into a ripe tomato. Since the calcium is moved by water, and the fruit of a tomato or pepper plant becomes mature during the heat of the summer, more water is needed to allow more calcium to be available to the fruit. Hence, if you are not watering regularly during drier times, blossom end rot occurs.
So what should you do? With the understanding of why tomatoes and peppers get blossom end rot, the solution is simple. Watering regularly during time of fruit development - approximately one inch per week - and adding calcitic lime to the soil if the pH is under 5.8 will help insure a healthy tomato or pepper. If the problem occurs, your best solution is to pick the fruit that is affected and begin watering regularly.
Powdery mildew is a disease often found on lilacs, bee balm, and garden phlox as well as other ornamentals. This disease begins to grow under high humidity when temperatures are between 60 and 80 degrees. Typically, powdery mildew is not fatal to a plant, but it can cause deformity and yellowing of the leaves as well as early leaf drop. Good air circulation is critical in controlling or deterring the disease from developing. Planting where the plants are not against a wall or fence and not crowded by other plants will help in the control of this disease. As leaves drop, good sanitation becomes very important for control of additional spore dispersal. Pick up the leaves and discard. Reduce as many of the infected leaves and stems as you can to help control the problem. If additional control is warranted, fungicides can be used as soon as the mildew is detected. Following the label on the fungicide for appropriate use and frequency will help control the problem.
Spider mites become a problem now as their damage typically shows up in the heat of the summer. Did you ever see dwarf Alberta spruces suddenly turn brown about this time of year? Needles drop, and the plant appears to be dying. These symptoms point to the spruce spider mite. Even though the evidence of the mite appears in the summer, the actual feeding happens in the spring and fall in cooler temperatures. Activity occurs when the daytime temperatures are between 60 – 70 degrees. The Spruce spider mite not only feeds on the Dwarf Alberta Spruce but also can be found on hemlocks, other spruce, arborvitae, junipers and firs.
So how does one control this deadly trouble-maker? Unfortunately, by the time you see the damage caused by this pest in the summer, it’s too late to do much about it. When the temperatures start to rise above 80 degrees, they become inactive and the populations begin to decline due to predatory activity. When temperatures reach 90 degrees, adults will lay eggs and go into dormancy.
Since the feeding activity happens in the cooler temperatures of the spring and fall, that is the best time for control. Spraying with an insecticidal soap or oil spray will help control this little pest. Good coverage is important when using these pesticides, but be sure to read the label for temperature needs and direction for mixing. Also note that if you are having trouble with the spider mite on blue spruce, spraying with oil or soaps will take away the blue coloration, so it is not recommended for those types of plants.
July is often the time when people begin to see cone-like growths on spruce trees. These are spruce galls. There are two kinds: the Cooley spruce gall and the Eastern spruce gall. Both have very specific life cycles but are managed very similarly.
The Cooley Spruce Gall pest requires both the spruce and the Douglas fir as hosts. To complete their very complicated life cycles, the insects can begin on the spruce but must have a Douglas fir to fly to in order to complete the five stages of their life cycle. They feed on the new buds, lay eggs, then during a very long life cycle of traveling to the Douglas fir and back, many stages take place, continuing for two years. The galls will often destroy the shape of the spruce, since it’s the terminal buds that are affected. On the Douglas fir, the symptoms are not as evident. Yellow spots on the needles, which in heavy infestation can change the overall coloration of the tree, are the symptoms. Typically, you’ll see these galls on the Colorado blue spruce, but they can also be found on all spruce.
The Eastern spruce gall is not as complicated. Typically, it is found on the Norway spruce, but it can be seen on white or red spruce as well. This gall looks similar; however, it does not need a host plant to complete its life cycle and only takes one year to complete its life cycle.
For both of these galls, the same control is recommended. Cutting the galls off when they are green will control the problem. If the trees are too large, or there are too many galls to cut, using the systemic insecticide imidicloprid in the fall of the year will help control the pest. Horticultural oil is also a recommended control; however, not on blue spruce or any other spruce that has coloration you want to maintain.
By the end of July through August, we see a lot of tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) samples come in. Typical symptoms are blackening leaves and a sticky substance on the leaves that drips onto cars, sidewalks and driveways. Upon closer inspection, clients may see bumps on the stems of the tree. The blackening on the leaves is sooty mold, which grows as a result of the secretions of the growing scale which feeds on the tree. The insect infestation may lead to quick decline of the tree. The insect sucks plant fluid from the tree, and the sooty mold reduces leaf surface, thus interfering with photosynthesis, an important process for plant growth and health.
Control for this insect is best done in the early spring using a dormant oil spray. This will control the overwintering nymphs, thus reducing the amount of insects that will feed in late summer. However, control can be done with the oil in mid-August through mid-September. This will control the newly emerged crawlers that would have hatched from the adults. Once the insects enter the adult stage, they become more difficult to control due to the shield, or scale, they develop. When using pesticides, be sure to read the label for instruction.
Understanding pests, their life cycles and what they feed on, will help in
|
5 | 6 | 1 |
一起，蒋介石之所以成为当时的主角，是因为他拥有强大的资源。然而，真正的军事才能才是决定战争胜负的关键。李宗仁对蒋介石的评价，揭示了这一点，也彰显了他自身的高明之处。<|endoftext|>به گزارش پایگاه خبری تحلیلی باقرشهر نیوز، رئیس اتاق اصناف شهرستان ری با بیان اینکه در آبان ماه گذشته سه هزار و ۷۷۹ مورد بازرسی از اصناف انجام شد، گفت: اصناف این شهرستان به دلیل جرایم مختلف سه میلیارد و ۵۵۶ میلیون ریال جریمه شدند.
لطف الله ستاره افزود: برای ۲۷۴ واحد صنفی به جرائم مختلف از جمله گران فروشی، کم فروشی، درج نکردن قیمت، احتکار، تقلب و فروش کالای قاچاق سه میلیارد و ۵۵۶ میلیون ریال پرونده تشکیل شده است.
وی با بیان اینکه اتاق اصناف شهرستان ری با همکاری سایر دستگاههای نظارتی از جمله فرمانداری ویژه شهرستان ری، اداره تعزیرات، اداره اماکن، اداره دامپزشکی و اداره بهداشت گشت های مشترک زیادی برگزار می کند، گفت: بازرسان اتاق اصناف در طول یک ماه گذشته ۵۴ گشت مشترک را انجام داده اند.
ستاره افزود: اصناف متخلف باید بدانند که تمام اقدامات آنان از طریق گشت های اتاق اصناف و گزارش های مردمی زیر نظر است و در زمان مناسب با آنان برخورد می شود.
شهرستان ری با برخورداری از ۵۶ اتحادیه توزیعی، تولیدی و خدماتی و ۱۰ هزار واحد صنعتی و صنفی از جمله شهرک صنعتی شمس آباد، کارخانه سیمان و کارگاه های تولیدی و خدماتی اعم از سنگ بری، شیشه و سفال، آجرپزی، کارگاه قالیبافی و قالیشویی، کشتارگاه دام و طیور به عنوان قطب کار و تولید در پهنه جنوب تهران مطرح است.
انتهای پیام/*
- دیدگاه های ارسال شده توسط شما، پس از تایید توسط تیم مدیریت در وب منتشر خواهد شد.
- پیام هایی که حاوی تهمت یا افترا باشد منتشر نخواهد شد.
- پیام هایی که به غیر از زبان فارسی یا غیر مرتبط باشد منتشر نخواهد شد.<|endoftext|>'ARTIK BEZİ BIRAKTIN' KUTLAMASI
Çocuğun hasta ve kabız olduğu, etkilendiği üzücü bir olay yaşadığı, düzeninin değiştiği durumlarda tuvalet eğitimine başlanmaması gerektiğini vurgulayan Telmaç, "Yine çok önemli bir nokta da annenin kendini hazır hissetmesi. Anne tuvalet eğitimine yeterli zaman ayıramayacağını düşünüyorsa uygun zamanı beklemeli. Özellikle eğitim verirken kakasından ve çişinden nefret edecek ifadeler (ay ne pis, iğrenç koktu v.s) kullanmamak, çocuğun her başarılı deneyimini 'aferin' gibi sözler veya alkışlar ile ödüllendirilmek gerekiyor" şeklinde konuştu. 'Artık bezi bıraktın' adı altında minik bir kutlamanın da faydasının görüleceğini belirten Telmaç, "Eğer tüm bunlara rağmen aşırı direnç gösteriyorsa bir psikolog ya da pedagogtan yardım almak yararlı olacaktır. Bazı durumlarda eğitimi durdurmak, ertelemek bile gerekebilmektedir" dedi.<|endoftext|>Verily Life Science — a Google life sciences company owned by Alphabet — is finally kicking off the massive study it first announced three years ago.
In partnership with both Duke University School of Medicine and Stanford Medicine, the landmark study, part of its Project Baseline, aims to collect health data from 10,000 participants over the course of at least four years, the company announced in a news release Wednesday.
Baseline’s official website describes the project as “a quest to collect comprehensive health data and use it as a map and compass, pointing the way to disease prevention.”
Using physical and biochemical traits of the study population, researchers hope to better understand how people get sick, when they get sick and identify any additional risk factors and biomarkers leading up to disease, including diseases related to both cardiovascular disease and cancer.
“The Project Baseline study is the first step on our journey to comprehensively map human health,” Verily Chief Medical Officer Jessica Mega said.
With the help of experts at Duke, Stanford and other collaborators, the project also seeks to develop new technologies to better access and understand health data, Mega said.
- Over the next few months, Project Baseline will begin enrolling its 10,000 American adult participants at Duke and Stanford’s committed study sites.
- Once a year for at least four years, at the study sites, researchers will record participants’ blood samples, genetic data, images from chest X-rays and from the electrocardiogram. Also assessed: tears, saliva, stool samples and a psychological assessment.
- If participants are willing to share, researchers will also gather additional data including electronic health records, insurance claims, phone calls, texts, social media activity and more.
- Participants will go home with a sleep sensor and wristwatch/health monitor and wear the watch during the day, wile placing the sleep sensor under their mattress at night. The sensor and watch will measure participants’ heart rate, sweat and steps — but he or she will only see the time when wearing it.
- Throughout the study, participants will receive compensation and perks, regular updates and early insights into discoveries, certain test results to share with their doctors and access to Baseline’s community, events.
- After four years (or longer, if the participants are interested in continuing), researchers will use the health data from the annual visits and watch to understand how people progress from healthy to ill.
Past studies that have focused on understanding patterns, causes and effects in a study population — at least in cardiovascular disease research — have seen huge strides, according to American Heart Association CEO Nancy Brown.
While Verily has also been busy with other projects, such as developing smart contact lenses and reducing the use of glucose monitors for people with diabetes, Project Baseline is the company’s first serious public test.
“I hope that 20 years from now, 30, 50 years from now … people will say ‘wow this really led to a transformation of human health,’” Sam Gambhir, one of the study’s lead investigators, said.<|endoftext|>HGTV'nin Windy City Rehab'ının 2020 sezonu, kanalın tipik, kararlı, arkadaş canlısı oyuncu dinamiklerinden bir ayrılmaydı ve boşanma sonrası Flip or Flop bölümlerine daha yakından benziyordu, ancak zorla geçinmeye istekli değildi. Gösterinin Alison Victoria Gramenos ve Donovan Eckhardt arasındaki yenileme ortaklığının sona ermesi için izleyiciler ön sırada yer aldı.
Christina Anstead olmayan, ancak Tarek El Moussa ile nişanlı olan Heather Rae Young, şimdi gelecekteki kocasının isminin kıçında bir dövmesi var. Şey, bir nevi yanağının yükseldiği yerde, arkasıyla buluşmaya başladığı yerde.
FTC, Flip veya Flop yıldızları Tarek El Moussa ve Christina Anstead ile diğer "flipper" TV kişiliklerini onaylayan gayrimenkul seminerlerine yanıltıcı ve aldatıcı iş uygulamaları iddiasıyla (en azından geçici olarak) bir son verdi. Hollywood Reporter, bir mahkemenin yayınladığını söyledi. Zurixx LLC adlı bir kuruluş tarafından "ücretsiz" programlara karşı yasaklama emri ve şirketin varlıklarının dondurulması.
Flip veya Flop'tan Christina El Moussa, tamamen tasarıma adanmış kendi şovu olan Sahildeki Christina'yı alıyor. Bu kadını tanımıyorum, ama çalışma saatlerinin en azından bir kısmını eski kocasını içermeyen, korkunç derecede stresli görünen bir projeye ayırabileceği için çok heyecanlıyım.
Fotoğraf: Getty, Pazartesi günü Grove dışında TMZ'nin gezici kameramanları tarafından onaylandı, Utanmaz yıldız William H. Macy, Emmy Rossum ile eşit ücret alması gerektiğini kabul ediyor.
Getty Christina ve HGTV'nin Flip or Flop sunucusundan Tarek El Moussa, anlaşamıyor gibi görünseler bile şovlarının 8. Sezonunu çekmeye devam ediyorlar. İddialara göre çirkin bir iç anlaşmazlığın ardından Aralık.
Hiç granit bir tezgaha karşı cinsel duygular beslediniz mi veya çift makyajlı bir lavabonun aslında eski Prince ingénue Vanity olduğunu hayal ettiniz mi? Öyleyse, muhtemelen hevesli bir HGTV hayranısınız (Ev ve Bahçe Televizyonu, bahçeler kıt olsa da), dumpy evlerin titizlikle yenilenmesini düpedüz erotik gösteren bir kablo kanalı. Bravo'yu şimdiye kadar icat edilen en gey ve en sevilen kablo ağı olarak pekiştiren, orta seviye yaşam tarzı-makyaj hokkabazlığı olan Straight Guy.<|endoftext|>vendo botas ugg tijuana
Ogni giorno ti chiedi se è in crescita o se sta andando via . Al variare della velocità , vi accorgerete che certe posizioni si adattano meglio .A lotto è rivelato di una società dal suo sito , e quando si tratta di istituti di credito , i più rinomati fornirà una serie di informazioni apertamente . Può essere ipod , computer portatile , console di gioco , TV LCD, lettore DVD , elettrodomestici e molti altri . Mentre cambi d'olio frequenti e controlli di manutenzione sono il modo più ovvio per mantenere la vostra auto in buona salute , molte persone ignorano la trasmissione .
Hiring un imprenditore per fare il lavoro di installazione di lucernari nella vostra casa avrà inizio con una semplice introduzione e una panoramica della casa in cui il contraente dovrà assicurarsi di avere i giusti tipi di soffitti a beneficiare di un lucernario . Per coloro che insistono per avere un certo tipo di modificazione del corpo alla luce delle leggi contro i tatuaggi , bruciature di sigarette vengono utilizzati al posto . Si può fare la differenza per essere un angelo per qualcuno passare attraverso il trattamento del cancro . Il dolore da sfaccettature può irradiare alla parte superiore delle gambe e sentire come sciatica . Si tratta di informazioni molto utile per gli amanti di telefonia mobile . Tutti i segnali analogici e digitali collegati ai DCS hanno un trend con una risoluzione di almeno un secondo e questi dati vengono memorizzati per un minimo di tre mesi .You dovrà stipulare un mutuo casa che vi piaccia antipatia esso .<|endoftext|>Imagine a test that could offer you the most comprehensive snapshot of human physiology in just 10 minutes. A test that could scan accurately and non-invasively the health of all essential vital functions including your heart, lungs and cells. In addition, you’d receive all the information needed to build the most personalized nutrition and workout plan comprised of your daily caloric burn, fat and carbohydrate utilization, and training zones thresholds.
This test exists and it’s called cardio-metabolic analysis. It involves testing a person’s oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production at rest and during exercise.
What is cardio-metabolic analysis?
Cardio-metabolic analysis applies to many areas of health and wellness:
- Sports: Commonly known as VO2 max, it can measure a person’s peak oxygen consumption, prescribe training zones, and determine workout programs.
- Dietetics: Referred to as metabolic testing in this field, it can assess caloric consumption and fat and carbohydrate oxidation, and provide a foundation for building nutrition plans for weight loss.
- Medicine: Known as cardio-pulmonary exercise testing, it is the most accurate non-invasive way to detect the presence of cardiovascular disease and identify whether dyspnea and chest pain are due to a heart or lung problem.
Despite its well-established benefits, very few athletes, coaches and health practitioners have access to it, and even fewer know how to fully utilize it. Why? It’s expensive, the equipment is difficult to operate, and it can be hard to understand the raw data.
PNOE changed that through the world’s first portable, affordable and highly accurate metabolic analyzer that allows anyone to effectively implement cardio-metabolic analysis in their gym or practice.
PNOĒ has addressed the limitations posed by traditional cardio-metabolic analyzers by creating the first portable, low-cost, affordable, and medical-grade cardio-metabolic analyzer. Its key advantages are:
- Requires no cumbersome calibration—for those who have experience with cardio-metabolic analyzers, PNOĒ doesn’t require the notorious 3-liter calibration syringe.
- Begins measuring in less than three minutes and is fully operated through a smartphone that projects real-time cardio-metabolic data.
- One-hundred percent cloud connected and transmits real-time cardio-metabolic data to the PNOĒ online platform, which can be accessed from anywhere around the world.
- Accuracy has been validated against clinical gold standard metabolic analyzers.
- Can be used in the field to assess athletes in the sport and environment they train in, to provide training recommendations that are sport- and environment-specific.
Several high-profile fitness centers, sports teams, and research groups around the world currently use PNOĒ, and its advantages are effectively addressing the problems that have kept cardio-metabolic analysis confined. Athletes and coaches who implement PNOĒ in their training regimens and take cardio-metabolic analysis into real training conditions are now gaining access to a wide spectrum of unique insights and metrics, and reporting substantial changes in performance. From our vantage point, PNOĒ has achieved two big wins: 1) it made cardio-metabolic analysis accessible to the average athlete; and 2) it made cardio-metabolic analysis sport- and environment-specific, consequently rendering its insights directly applicable and far more impactful.
Schedule Your Appointment for PNOĒ Metabolic Testing
Call (917) 748-2902 or Complete the Form Below and We Will Contact You Shortly.
Any information submitted will be forwarded to our office by email and not via a secure messaging system. This form should not be used to transmit private health information, and we disclaim all warranties with respect to the privacy and confidentiality of any information submitted through this form.<|endoftext|>Data is everywhere. Whether you are at the grocery store, office, laboratory, classroom, or ballpark, you are awash in data: prices, schedules, performance measures, lab results, recipes, contact information, quality metrics, market indices, grades, and statistics.Most job roles today involve some form of data management. In the case of data workers, it may be their primary job task. For some, such as research scientists and accountants, data management may be a strong component of the job. And for others, such as sales clerks or those in the skilled trades, data management may consist of an incidental job responsibility, for example, time reporting or recording a sale. Virtually everyone is affected in some way by the need to manage data.A relational database application such as Microsoft Office Access 2016 can help you and your organization collect and manage large amounts of data. Access is a versatile tool. You can use it as a personal data management tool (for your use alone), or you can use it as a construction set to develop applications for an entire department or organization. In this course, you will use Access 2016 to manage your data, including creating a new database; constructing tables; designing forms and reports; and creating queries to join, filter, and sort data.You can also use the course to prepare for the Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) Certification exam for Microsoft Access 2016.
To ensure your success in this course, you should have end-user skills with any current version of Windows, including being able to start programs, switch between programs, locate saved files, close programs, and use a browser to access websites. For example, you can obtain this level of skills and knowledge by taking either of the following courses, or any similar courses in general Microsoft Windows skills:Using Microsoft Windows 10Microsoft Windows 10: Transition from Windows 7
1 Day/Lecture & Lab
This course is designed for students who wish to establish a foundational understanding of Microsoft Office Access 2016, including the skills necessary to create a new database, construct data tables, design forms and reports, and create queries.<|endoftext|>|Discovered by Okuro Oikawa|
Minor planet category Main belt
Discovered 17 November 1927
Discoverer Okuro Oikawa
Asteroid family Flora family
|Discovery date 17 November 1927|
Observation arc 120.83 yr (44133 days)
Named after Tama River
Moon S/2003 (1089) 1
|Alternative names A894 VA; A904 VD;
A919 HA; 1927 WB;
1930 ST; 1952 HE4|
Aphelion 2.49560 AU (373.336 Gm)
Similar Asteroid belt, 1338 Duponta, 283 Emma, Solar System, 1333 Cevenola
1089 Tama is a main-belt asteroid that measures ~13 km in diameter. It was discovered by Japanese astronomer Okuro Oikawa in 1927, and is named after the Tama River in Japan.
In 2004, it was announced that Tama has a moon, designated S/2003 (1089) 1. The satellite was identified based on lightcurve observations from 24 December 2003 to 5 January 2004 by Raoul Behrend, René Roy, Claudine Rinner, Pierre Antonini, Petr Pravec, Alan Harris, Stefano Sposetti, Russell Durkee, and Alain Klotz. The moon is about 9 km in diameter. It may orbits 20 km away in a period of 0.6852±0.0002 days (synchronously), and Tama itself appears to be somewhat elongated in shape.<|endoftext|>Wambo Shire on the western Darling Downs entirely surrounded the town of Dalby. Its shire offices were in Dalby, but its towns included Bell, Jandowae and Warra. As the Shire's principal town, Jandowae is the site of the Shire's recently built community and cultural centre. In 2008 Wambo Shire was amalgamated with Chinchilla Shire, Dalby Town and Murilla, Tara and the southern third of Taroom Shires to form Dalby Regional Council.
The Condamine River passes through the south-west sector of the former Shire, flowing across black soil plains, and the north-east of the Shire lay in the Bunya Mountains. The Shire's area was 5700 sq km.
By 1850 much of the future Wambo Shire was under pastoral leaseholds, and the Jimbour run of 810 sq km was by far the largest. Acquired in 1844 by Thomas Bell, the Jimbour run was managed by his son, Joshua Bell after 1851. Bell junior built one of the few grand squatter homesteads in Queensland, using local stone and Bunya cedar. Jimbour House is on the Australian heritage register and its gardens are open to the public.
In
|
5 | 6 | 2 |
half of the 685 submissions. Some of the popular attractions included a Lucas Animation stand where attendants could hear speakers from Lucasfilm Animation Singapore, and the Autodesk Asia booth, where software for films, games, TV, and design visualization were being demonstrated.
New Administration, Congress Aim to Boost Federal R&D
HPC Wire (01/21/09) Feldman, Michael
The Obama administration and the U.S. Congress want to provide significant new funding for science and technology research and development. The America COMPETES Act, ratified in 2007, supported doubling the funding for basic research programs in nanotechnology, alternative energy, and supercomputing, but the funding never reached the levels stipulated by the legislation. U.S. government spending on physical sciences R&D has generally declined since the 1990s and President Obama has repeatedly urged a doubling of federal funding for basic research over 10 years. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, currently before Congress, would provide $10 billion toward science facilities, research, and instrumentation. The National Science Foundation would receive $3 billion, including $2 billion for expanding employment opportunities in fundamental science and engineering. It also would receive $400 million to build major research facilities for cutting-edge science, $300 million for major research equipment for institutions of higher education and other scientists, $200 million to repair and modernize science and engineering facilities, and $100 million to improve science, math, and engineering education. The National Institutes of Standards and Technology would receive $300 million for competitive construction grants for research science buildings at colleges, universities, and other organizations and to coordinate research efforts between laboratories and national research facilities by setting interoperability standards. The Advanced Research Project Agency would receive $400 million of the Energy Department's $1.9 billion to support high-risk, high-payoff research into energy sources and energy efficiency.
IT Professionals See Salary Increase But Job Security Remains Top Concern
eWeek (01/22/09) Ferguson, Scott
The average IT salary rose 4.6 percent to an average of $78,035 in 2008, and by more than 5 percent to an average of $87,257 for IT professionals working in the banking and financial services industry, according to Dice. IT professionals with an IT management title earned the most with an average of $111,998. The 2008-09 Annual Salary Survey found that salaries increased significantly in major technology centers such as New York, Silicon Valley, and Washington, D.C., as well as in nontraditional tech areas such as Charlotte, N.C., and St. Louis. Dice conducted the survey between August and November, and also asked more than 19,000 technology workers about their concerns heading into the new year. Updating their skills was cited by some 22 percent, followed by layoffs at 20 percent, lower salary increases at 14 percent, canceled projects at 12 percent, and an increased workload due to staffing cuts at 10 percent. Dice also says there was a 67 percent increase in new resumes posted to its site in the fourth quarter of 2008, but adds that most job searches were "passive."
Overseas Tech Student Numbers Up
Australian IT (01/20/09) Bingemann, Mitchell
International demand for IT-related degrees continue to grow, and enrollments in IT-related fields has remained strong in Australia, with several universities recording significant increases. Queensland University of Technology (QUT) says it recorded a 65 percent increase in acceptances from international students looking to enroll in IT-related degrees this year. "Generally, when there are recessions, universities do well because people want to become more employable by attaining more knowledge and qualifications," says QUT science and technology dean Simon Kaplan. Griffith University School of Information and Communication Technology head Michael Blumenstein also expects to see a growth in foreign student enrollment. Local enrollment in IT-related courses also is strong at QUT and Griffith University. "When the economy was strong last year we experienced a 27 percent increase in IT enrollments," Blumenstein says. "At the very least we will maintain those numbers." However, James Thom, head of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology's School of Computer Science says the school is expecting a slight drop from 2008 enrollment figures. "There is still not enough students choosing IT as a career and once the economy picks up there will be a big shortage of IT graduates to take up the work," Thom says.
Crowd-Sourcing the World
Technology Review (01/21/09) Greene, Kate
Santa Fe Institute research fellow Nathan Eagle is launching txteagle, a project that will distribute tasks using cell phones in an effort to leverage an underused workforce in some of the poorest parts of the world. Eagle says using text messages or audio clips to distribute questions to participants in developing countries could make some tasks, such as translating documents into other languages or rating the local relevance of search results, more economical while providing a source of income for those in need. Nokia has partnered with Eagle on the txteagle project, which Eagle says will demonstrate how companies can benefit from this strategy. For example, Kenya has more than 60 fundamentally different languages. Nokia wants to provide phones to everyone in their native language, but has no idea how to translate words, such as "address book," into each language, which could be done by the phones' users. Another application could be audio transcription. By sending users a short audio message, and having them transcribe that message and send the transcription back as a text message, audio could be transcribed for about $3 an hour, which is 60 percent cheaper than current transcription rates.
Managing an Ocean of Data
Dalhousie University (Canada) (01/20/09) Comeau, Billy
The Platform Ocean Knowledge Management (POKM) network enables scientists to combine research from multiple institutions to better understand issues such as coastal flooding and marine animal behavior. POKM is a partnership between the Dalhousie University Faculty of Computer Science and the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN). The Web-based platform will enable researchers to share scientific work and collaborate in real time regardless of their location. "The platform is ubiquitous to the worldwide community," says Dalhousie professor Raza Abidi. "Now information is not only accessible, but can be shared and moved from anywhere in the world in real time." OTN research director Mike Stokesbury says all end users will now have the same response and turnaround time regardless of their location or the location of the data. "We expect to discover relationships between marine life and their physical environments that no one has expected, let alone been able to test," Stokesbury says. Abidi says POKM's architecture provides a series of Web services divided into self-contained steps with unique functions to allow researchers to arrange them into any order to produce different outcomes.
Searching for Pervasive Computing's Middleware Middleman
Missouri University of Science and Technology (01/15/09)
The middleware concept could be the key to pervasive computing, says Missouri University of Science and Technology (S&T) professor Ali Hurson. Hurson says that a middleware solution could be used to connect devices that would take on a greater role in the daily affairs of humans. Hurson is currently involved in an airport security project that would have a middleware application serve as the intermediary for cameras, chemical-sniffing devices, and motion sensors. The middleware program would be connected to the databases and information networks of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the National Security Administration, and local police, and would warn law enforcement agencies of any suspicious activity at airports. Hurson says sensors are capable of adapting to different uses because of their flexible design, and software agents could potentially be used to spread throughout a network and remotely reprogram nodes. "These networks have been created in isolation," he says. "Now we want to establish interoperability to serve future applications." Hurson also wants to create a pervasive computing laboratory at Missouri S&T.
New Report Reveals That Girls Have the Edge in New Technologies
University of Hertfordshire (01/20/09) Murphy, Helene
More girls are using computers at home than boys, and mothers are usually assisting their children with the technology, according to the new Learning in the Family report. In the survey of thousands of children aged six to 14, 94 percent of the girls said that they used a computer or laptop compared with only 88 percent of the boys. Fifty percent of children chose their mothers to help them use the computer, compared with 22 percent who chose their fathers. "Overall, mothers are more likely to engage with their children using new technologies especially when it comes to formal learning or research," says University of Hertfordshire professor and study co-author Karen Pine. Robert Hart of Intuitive Media Research Services, which commissioned the report, adds that "fathers join in to a lesser extent but encourage children with the fun aspects and help them with their hobbies." The study also found that 40 percent of children want their parents to help them more with computers.
Tests That Show Machines Closing in on Human Abilities
New Scientist (01/22/09) Barras, Colin
Tests indicate that machines are coming closer and closer to mimicking human abilities to such a degree that people may mistake them for human. Computer animation and robotics have made strides in traversing the "uncanny valley"--the point where people are repulsed by objects that look close, but not close enough, to being human. University of Southern California researcher Paul Debevec developed an artificial character modeled after an actual person, and overlaid the character's face onto video of the person's body. Meanwhile, Osaka University roboticist Hiroshi Ishiguro has developed androids that can replicate micro-movements produced subconsciously by humans, which adds to the illusion that they are real people. Some advances focus on emulating human skills, with one example being Continuator, a robot that can duet with live musicians in real time by "listening" to a musical phrase and then calculating a complementary phrase with the same playing style. Two years ago, University of California, San Diego researcher Lindsay Oberman and colleagues analyzed the brain activity of students watching video footage of a five-fingered robot hand and control footage of static noise, and discovered that the observation of the hand sparked activity in the students' mirror neurons, which are roused when they see someone performing a physical action they might perform themselves. "If we want humanoid robots to teach or have other social functions, we need them to trigger mirror neurons," Oberman says.
Human Face of the Human Interface
Inquirer.net (01/19/09) Grossman, Wendy M.
John M. Carroll, founder of the User Interface Institute at IBM's Watson Research lab and a professor at Pennsylvania State University, says the ability to pick up a new device and start using it without having to read a manual is a result of the hard work of human factors researchers. Technology interfaces have improved significantly over the years, Carroll says, who notes that the Web is well crafted in many ways for designing easy software. However, he says there are still several areas where designers miss. Too often, creating an "intuitive" interface means recreating something the user is accustomed too, but humans are constantly evolving and changing. "I think people think of help systems and user interface agents by constructing a theory of mind, and the problem is that if the theory of mind is very simple and boring then it might actually be useful--predictable, understandable," Carroll says. "But if you try to get beyond that, and especially if you lie--and by lying I mean cases where designers have gone to some effort to project intelligence that their software does not have in any serious sense--it may have it in an idealistic sense but it doesn't do anything intelligent, creative, human--you get a breakdown."
HP Grants Aim to Redesign College Engineering
eSchool News (01/20/09)
Hewlett-Packard has made more than $2.4 million in cash and equipment available for its "HP Innovations in Education" effort, which aims to reinvent undergraduate computer science and engineering programs through the use of technology. HP is asking for proposals from two- and four-year colleges and universities that offer degrees in engineering, computer science, or information technology. Grant projects must explore the potential for innovation through the intersection of teaching, learning, and technology, with the ultimate goal of "re-imagining undergraduate engineering education." HP plans to award about 10 grants to public or private colleges or universities in the United States. Each grant will include more than $240,000 in HP technology, cash, and professional development. Proposals should describe how the technology will enable innovation in four areas: Leadership Capacity, or creating a global network of administrators and faculty to implement innovative approaches; Digital Learning Environments, or using technology to fundamentally redesign the learning experience in ways that increase student engagement in academic success; the Undergraduate Design and Research Experience, to make engineering real and relevant by involving engineering undergraduate students in design and research challenges that address the needs of society; and Pre-College Outreach, to encourage administrators, faculty, and undergraduate students to work with secondary-school teachers and students to increase student awareness and interest in high-tech programs.
K-State Computer Engineers Working on System That Can Use the Internet to Track Human and Animal Diseases by Extracting Information From Web Sites
Kansas State University News (01/13/09) Hsu, William
Kansas State University (KSU) researchers are developing a system capable of searching the Internet for information pertaining to disease outbreaks. The system can scour news stories and other public online information sources to find clues about where diseases have started, how many animals were involved, and how the diseases spread. This information could be used to plot outbreaks and governmental responses. KSU professor William Hsu says that developing the proper tools could allow such information to be presented as timelines or maps. A major challenge for the project, which is backed by a U.S. Defense Department grant, is that valuable pieces of information are often imbedded in the text of news stories and not in an easily read database. Many Web pages also have banner ads, making it difficult for computers to determine where the text begins and ends. Hsu says his system includes software that will clip text more accurately. Research on the system was presented at the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks in Engineering in St. Louis in November, and at the International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications in Turin, Italy, in September. Hsu also is working with professor Doina Caragea to create networks that link proteins to one another and genes to one another in an organism, which could be used to understand gene function.
How Google Is Making Us Smarter
Discover (01/15/09) Zimmer, Carl
Various articles have recently appeared that question whether blogs, text messaging, and the Internet are making people less intelligent. "As we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence," wrote Nicholas Carr in a recent Atlantic article. However, others say that few of the threats and warnings addressed in these articles are based in fact. For example, English linguist David Crystal disputes the idea that texting is ruining people's spelling by arguing that texting actually improves literacy as it provides more opportunities to practice writing and reading. Other warnings are based on popular misconceptions of how the mind works. Some argue that the Internet and technology are blocking the natural world from reaching the mind, but in fact that mind appears to be adapted for reaching out and making the world, including technology, an extension of itself. Two philosophers, Andy Clark and David Chalmers, explain the idea of the expanding mind by providing two examples--a women capable of remembering the address of the Museum of Modern Art after hearing about a specific display, and a man with Alzheimer's who must look up the address in his notebook after hearing about the display. Clark and Chalmers argue that the woman's brain and the man's notebook, and now technology, are fundamentally the same. The woman is capable of recalling information offhand while the man uses his notebook, a part of his extended mind, to recall information.
Abstract News © Copyright 2009 INFORMATION, INC.
To submit feedback about ACM TechNews, contact: email@example.com
Change your Email Address for TechNews (log into myACM)<|endoftext|>The architect Gabu Heindl and the artist Eduard Freudmann won “From Those You Saved”, an international competition to “commemorate Poles who rescued Jews during the German occupation”.
“If I am not for myself, who is for me?
And if I am only for myself, what am I?
And if not now, when?”
Chapters of Fundamental Principles (Pirkei Avot 1:14)
“Do not scorn any man, and do not discount any thing.
For there is no man who has not his hour, and no thing that has not its place.”
Chapters of Fundamental Principles (Pirkei Avot 4:3)
… is a Dilemma.
… is a Forest Nursery.
… is a Process.
… may be a Forest.
… may be a Failure.”
Title of the winning proposal to commemorate the Polish Righteous
The Monument Initiative
The idea to dedicate a monument in Warsaw to the commemoration of the Polish Righteous gentiles was first presented by Children of the Holocaust, a Warsaw-based association of individuals who survived the Shoah as children, many of them with the help of Righteous gentiles . The idea was then adopted and promoted by Sigmund Rolat, a Polish-American philanthropist and Shoah survivor who has been very engaged in commemoration activities in Poland during the last years. He announced he himself would donate and fundraise money to cover the costs of the monument. His initiative received the support by the then-president of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski. However, it also faced strong criticism from Jewish-Polish intellectuals due to its envisioned location in the district of Muranów, the former Warsaw Ghetto. Today this neighborhood is not only a residential area but also the focal point of Warsaw’s Holocaust commemoration landscape and the site of the much-heralded POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews. Rolat proclaimed that the monument was to be built in close proximity to the two memorials to the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising (built in 1946 by Leon Suzin and 1948 by Nathan Rapaport) and to the recently opened (2013) POLIN Museum. However, critics argued that the area should be reserved for the commemoration of Jewish suffering and moreover was already overburdened with non-Jewish monuments; Polish heroism should be commemorated elsewhere. Rolat, nevertheless, insisted on the location mainly for reasons of representation and attendance figures: “The location of a monument raised much controversy in our circles. I was convincing others that the monument, if it was erected somewhere else, would be visited only by a small group of museum visitors, maybe by every twentieth visitor, who would take the trouble to see it and learn about the righteous” .
But Rolat’s arguments were not perceived as convincing and many Jews of Polish descent from all over the world fought against the envisioned location: critical Facebook groups were launched, newspaper articles written, statements by intellectuals, rabbis and Jewish leaders were collected.
Despite the criticism, in 2013 Rolat established the Remembrance and Future Foundation for the purpose of organizing a competition called “From Those You Saved”. It aimed to build a monument “to all the Poles who rescued Jews in German-occupied Poland”, located “in the Muranów district of Warsaw, Poland, in the vicinity of the Museum of the History of Polish Jews” . But there was a catch, the title of the monument initiative was deceiving: “From Those You Saved” implies that there is a We, a community of survivors and descendants which desires to express their gratitude to the righteous gentiles. But this community does not exist, because the Jews who identify with the purpose of the monument
|
5 | 6 | 3 |
间，用力地掰开它的嘴，把鱼肝油灌进去。每次那只狗都挣扎不已。
有一天这个人喂狗的时候，那只狗终于挣脱了主
麻雀、乌鸦、鹦鹉在一起吹牛。
麻雀说：“我是老鹰里面吸毒的。”
乌鸦说：“我是孔雀里面烧锅炉的。”
鹦鹉说：“我是燕子里面坐台的。”
这时一旁的烤鸭发话了：
井水不犯河水，河水污染井水。
上大早，有个客人就来到了怡红院，深深吸了一口气，拉过小二问：感觉今天空气特别清爽啊！
小二指着一位白衣绿袖的姑娘笑道：自从她来了之后，客人都有这种感觉。
客恍然大悟：原来她就是传说中的空气清新妓
斑马：纹身，成为流行世界的时尚。一没舞伴的美女，坐在挤满人的舞厅里，见一清秀的小伙子向她靠近，暗喜。 “你要跳舞吗？”小伙子问。 “是的。”她回答。 小伙子说：“那我可以坐你的座位吗？”
A：“籍贯是哪里？”
B：“籍贯……籍贯是什么意思？”
A：“籍贯就是出生的地方，您妈妈在哪儿生的您？”
B：“这我知道。在一家妇产医院。”
一位年轻人请禅师吃茶论佛，言语中颇有自得之色。
禅师拿过一个装满石子的杯子问：“满了吗？”
年轻人答：“满了。”
禅师有抓了把沙子放进去问：“满了吗？”
年轻人答：“满了。”
禅师又倒进去
今天，大爷的腰椎间盘突出犯了，我带他去医院看看。在倒车时，不小心把一美女的自行车碰了一下。
美女脱口就骂：“艹你大爷的，你怎么开的车！”
大爷摇下车窗：“姑娘，我就是他大爷，啥事都好说！”
美
人之初，性本善，群主是个大笨蛋；
天苍苍，野茫茫，群主像那灰太狼；
读书苦，读书累，群主是个窝囊废；
情深深，雨朦朦，群主像条臭屁虫；
问世间群为何物，骂得群主不会走路。
羊：前段时间，受日本大地震的影响，食盐的价格涨得太离谱了。其实食盐涨价压根儿就和我没有任何关系，可让我难以接受的是，大家都说这都是“羊群效应”惹的祸。屌丝一直暗恋一个女孩不敢表白，只要每天能远远的看她一眼就很知足了...直到有一天，女孩要结婚了，还要移民到国外去！男孩才意识到这一切都晚了，一想到再见不到女孩，男孩伤痛欲绝...最后，男孩鼓足了勇气，
媳妇手机没电了就放桌上了，我给充好放窗台了，2货媳妇发现手机电满的，很兴奋的跟我说她手机可以太阳能充电…
鸟兽两国交战，鹰王派白鸽去打探对方。三天后白鸽重伤飞回，只说了“斑鸠”二字便昏死过去。
乌鸦说早觉得那鸟反常，必为奸细，鹰怒，命严刑逼供。
斑鸠架不住打，含泪招供，被鹰王下令拖出
这场在雨中进行的马拉松比赛中，赛前被人们看好的种子选手跑着跑着发芽了。
传说愚公想要移山，别人说不可能，愚公说，我不行还有儿子，儿子还有孙子，子孙无穷也。
后来感动了上帝，上帝说我给你派人把山移走吧。
愚公说：你多给我派点仙女吧，我好有更多的子孙啊。
丈夫：“孩子你不带，就知道在那儿看杂志，你应该学学上面写的燕子：辛劳的母燕子每天为雏燕送食三四百次……”
妻：“要是像上面写的海马那样多好：雌海马把卵排在雄海马的育儿袋里，就再没有海马妈妈的事了
现在特别流行的网名，我姓刘，却留不住你的心，我姓李，却理不清你的情，我姓张，却张不开嘴说爱你。。。我感觉都弱爆了，因为我今天看见了一个：我姓高，却给不了你高潮。。。
我看上去好孤单啊，连个偏旁部首都没有。
一直以为时间是最好的偏方，原来治好的只是皮外伤。
老婆“老公，老公，我们去打雪仗吧！”
老公：“好啊，好啊！好久没有这么浪漫的事了！可是雪好像不够大呢？”
老婆：“没事，有石头啊！！二货老公早上说：“老婆，我肠胃不太好，最近老拉风。”说着放了个屁，“你看，又拉了一个”
刘备临死前有著名的托孤，对诸葛亮说：“我的儿子刘禅，汝可娶而待之。”
所以刘禅称呼诸葛亮为相父，也就是“干爹”。一哥们头一次去对象家，为了给丈母娘留下好印象，吃完饭抢着刷碗不小心打碎了俩个，第二次去的时候发现：吃饭的碗都换成婴儿吃饭用的小铁碗了，最可气的是连小勺都是不锈钢的了！孙子一手摸着爷爷的光头一手捋着爷爷的胡子说：“爷爷，人一变老，是不是 头发都转移到下巴上了呢？”
一大早还没起床，孩子们就吵着出去玩。
我苦口婆心的劝说，总出去玩爸爸会很累的，对身体也不好。可是这些熊孩子们都不听话，唉！你说我一个当父亲的，怎么忍心不满足孩子们的愿望呢？于是又撸了一发。。。
前两年儿子养成了边吃饭边喝可乐的坏习惯。我那机智的老婆把醋勾兑在可乐里面，每日适量增加醋的比例，半个月后成功戒了儿子的可乐瘾。
唉！这段时间我的味觉也变差了，怎么感觉每晚必喝的白酒也慢慢变酸。。
每当我脾气暴躁，看什么都不顺眼，心慌气短，心律不齐，呼吸急促，头晕眼花，想杀人又有濒死感，作为医学专业的学生，我判断我应该是太饿了。
批评老鼠：就你喜欢上课吃零食，吃完你还“咯吱咯吱”的磨牙了，你让同学们怎么听讲？晚上热的难受，我让老婆帮我扇扇风，她居然冲着我放了个屁，又补了一句“我不制造风，我只是大自然的搬运工。。。”
今天加班很晚才回家，街上基本没人了，经过一条小路的时候，发现后面几个男的悄悄的跟着我，有个还在淫笑说：这小妞身材真不错耶。。。我当时非常害怕，害怕的不敢回头。。。万一我回头把他们给吓跑了怎么办？和女友逛街时路过一个夜总会，她十分激动地说：“走哇走哇去夜总会玩玩嘛~”我很难办地说：“那种地方怎么能带你一起去啊。”她胡搅蛮缠：“你看那门口只写着不许自带酒水，又没说不许自带姑娘啊！”昨晚做头发到11点多，店里只剩我和一个发型师，他女友开始夺命连环call，发型师不断解释：我给大姐做完头发就回去！他女友不依：大半夜孤男寡女，做什么头发？发型师无奈，打开视频对着我：真在做头发！他女友
“儿子，你可不要娶了媳妇忘了娘！”
“妈，你放心我会继续娘下去的。”
狗：做为一个有文化、有品位的人，常常喜欢称自己的儿子为“犬子”，根据遗传关系，这对父子……不用我多说了吧。
老婆失踪了，老公报案，Pol.ice说：如果找到她有什么话需要转告？
老公：你就说我妈走了。电话里。。。
老婆：老公，快过来，有人想打我！
老公：谁这么大胆啊？敢替我报仇，非请他吃饭不可！
一只老鼠深夜钻入主人房间偷吃东西，主人堵住房间所有出口欲置老鼠于死地，走投无路的老鼠镇定地对主人说：“你不能这么对待我，论辈分，我还是你的长辈，不信你打听一下，他们都叫我鼠（叔）。”公厕里见过烟头什么的这些都弱爆了！ 我今天入公厕，坑前竟然有一堆瓜子皮。尼玛，境界太高了！
老婆：自从给你买了新手机，你话都懒得和我说了啊。
我：你给我买了个老人机，我感觉我最近有点老年痴呆了。。。不想说话。
二货老公打电话说在街上，想买个包送我，一阵狂喜，老公回来说不知道我喜欢什么款式的，就一起买个四种款式，说只要我高兴就好。
当时那个兴奋呀，急忙打开一看“豆沙包，酱肉包，灌汤包，糖包”各一个。现在
从前，有一只乌鸦叼着一块鲜美的肉块，流着肉汁，路过的狐狸看到了，便对它说，美丽的乌鸦，你的歌声一定很好听，我可以听一下吗？
乌鸦听后张口自豪的唱起来，狐狸立马弯腰去捡，这个时候草丛里出来一只老虎，
张飞申请给军营的茅房装声控灯，以便军士们如厕，不料诸葛亮断然否决。
张飞不解，追问为何不让装。
诸葛亮脸一沉：“我的名字是能够让军士们在茅房里乱叫的吗？”老师为了向学生证明吸烟的害处，特意把从香烟中提取的尼古丁放在虫子身上，不一会儿虫子就死了。老师接着问大家：“你们看，这个实验说明了什么？”同学们异口同声地回答：“抽烟不会长虫子”。最近真穷，穷到什么地步呢，一个多月没有收到快递了。
身高这种东西，大家都是一米多没什么好问的；体重这种东西，大家都是两百斤以下没什么好问的；工资这种东西，大家都是不够花也没什么好问的。
鸟：会飞有什么了不起，照样还不是天天填不饱肚子。
老婆说她的一个朋友强迫症，下楼了越想越不对劲，觉得电风扇没关，上楼检查一下。再下来又觉得门没锁，又回去检查一遍。
然后她说：其实我也有点强迫症，只是没那么严重。
我：是的，一般你都是让我回去检
今天在马路边，走过来一女孩，大学生的样子。好像要问路，上来就叫：叔叔。。。
擦， 老子三十还没有呢，那里像大叔？
于是我双手一抱拳：嫂嫂，什么事？因为相亲跟妈妈起了争执，我：你再逼我我就离家出走！ 妈妈：走去哪里？隔壁家姑娘和她妈妈吵架，离家出走走去婆家，你结婚了吗？你有婆家吗？？？
和老公吵架，用他的QQ在空间发表了一条说说：今天无聊舔了一下大便，好香啊！哇，好有人气啊。哈哈。。。
老公：“我不明白，为什么一海里差不多比陆地上的一英里长七分之一。”
老婆：“这很简单，东西泡在水里时间长了是要胀大的。”
食人族酋长亚洲行，想吃人。
抓到了四位不同国家的女子。
韩国女子说：我身上大部分都是人造的，吃完不消化的思密达。
日本女子说：我是一名女优，吃完得性病的亚麻带。
朝鲜女子说：我已经三天没吃饭我做了件对不起老公的事，我很自责很害怕，每天带着心事我已经不能坦然入睡了，我该怎么办？我把他存半年的零花钱买了个手机壳，他不会对我翻脸吧？
出门前，我问老公：“这件衣服好不好看？”
老公回：“好看！”
我再问：“这双鞋子适合我不？”
老公说：“非常适合！”
……我无论换身什么衣服，老公都认真打量一番，再美美称赞。
我随口问他
怀孕五个月，小家伙在肚子里踢的越来越有劲儿了。晚上例行胎教，让老公给小家伙说说话。
他看着一下一下鼓起来的肚皮，吭哧了半天，憋出一句：“宝贝，在里住的还习惯吧？”。屎壳郎：俺是世界级球星，脚下技术细腻，尤其善于个人盘带。
野兔：不安心本职工作，醉心于房产投资，业务荒疏。
女：喂！老公，我钥匙不记得放哪了？
男：你看化妆台上有没有？。
女：看到了。确实在化妆台上。老公，我手机找不知道放哪了。
男：你不是拿手机打我电话吗？
女：对哦！老公，我这记性太差了。表姐二婚婚宴，简单的仪式要开始了，却不见女主角，大家又是电话又是各处找，结果在楼上茶房雅间，推开门只听表姐咋乎乎的声音：慢点，我要碰……正跟几个闺蜜血战到底呢，临起身还意犹未尽的说：下午一定给我留位子
A：今天早上碰到一个葬礼队，边走边放歌，吓死了。
B：什么歌？
A：跟我走吧，天亮就出发………
衙役来报：“狄大人，我们的车不见了！”
狄大人转头道：“元芳，你去查查车被推走的还是被开走的？”
“这有区别吗大人？”元芳不解的问道！
狄大人拈须微笑：“当然有区别，推车的是老汉，开车的是老司天很长，长到你的每一分精力都被榨干才会结束;一天又很短，短到被榨干的你还没有恢复过来，新的一天就又开始了。
那天打的,司机师傅放了盘磁带,只有一声声的“啊”,实在单调难听。
听了一会儿,我忍无可忍,委婉地问师傅:“你听的是江南小调吗?”
师傅兴奋地说:“这是我女儿在练声,我想她的时候就听听。”
我说
“师傅，清早听到一阵爆竹响。”
“山下有人结婚。”
“结婚为什么要放爆竹啊？”
“想必是给自己壮胆儿吧。”李老师平时酷爱穿高跟鞋，一日心血来潮，穿上了运动鞋。这日，李老师去上课，进教室后发现小明仍在打闹，便批评道：小明，没听见上课铃吗？小明回答：听到了，但没听到你的脚步声。
晚上熬夜的时候，多熬一分钟也是赚到了自己的时间；早上赖床的时候，多赖一分钟也是占到了公司的便宜。所以我晚上睡不着，白天醒不了。
女朋友因为深爱着我而为我堕了一次胎，她很温柔地对我说：“不是你的孩子我不生。”
但愿人长久，千里之外你无声黑白。
丈母娘：“我把女儿锁保险柜里了！”
未来女婿：“密码是什么？”
丈母娘：“房子、车子！”萤火虫：没有危险意识，缺乏消防观念，涉嫌故意纵火罪。
吃亏不要喝水，不然会变污。
女侦探一生破获了许多大案。
可最近她老是做同一个梦，她深受其扰，于是找来禅师解梦：“大师，近日我老是梦见有不同的男人拍拍我的肩，对我说：小心真凶！莫非是因为我以前有抓错过人？”
禅师顿了顿：“梦
蜜蜂：主
|
5 | -1 | 0 |
smaller font, for example because someone looking at your code thinks the letters are too small, or because you want to lay back in your chair while reading, this tip is for you.
The following script defines two commands, :LargerFont and :SmallerFont, to allow quick adjustments to the font size used in the gtk2 gui. Change minfontsize and maxfontsize to suit your needs. See below for alternative solutions.
To use this script, put the following code into ~/.vim/plugin/gtk2fontsize.vim or in your vimrc.
let s:pattern = '^\(.* \)\([1-9][0-9]*\)$' let s:minfontsize = 6 let s:maxfontsize = 16 function! AdjustFontSize(amount) if has("gui_gtk2") && has("gui_running") let fontname = substitute(&guifont, s:pattern, '\1', '') let cursize = substitute(&guifont, s:pattern, '\2', '') let newsize = cursize + a:amount if (newsize >= s:minfontsize) && (newsize <= s:maxfontsize) let newfont = fontname . newsize let &guifont = newfont endif else echoerr "You need to run the GTK2 version of Vim to use this function." endif endfunction function! LargerFont() call AdjustFontSize(1) endfunction command! LargerFont call LargerFont() function! SmallerFont() call AdjustFontSize(-1) endfunction command! SmallerFont call SmallerFont()
As an alternative, you could use one of these plugins which work with fonts on Unix and Windows systems:
- script#202 quickfonts.vim : quickly switch between a list of favorite fonts, manage list of favorite fonts
- script#593 guifont++.vim : Vim plugin for quickly changing GUI font size
Another alternative is to use the following mappings which use a clever substitute (no functions are required). This example works using gvim under Windows, where the command :set guifont? would show the font name and :h12 if the font size is 12 points, for example.
nnoremap <C-Up> :silent! let &guifont = substitute( \ &guifont, \ ':h\zs\d\+', \ '\=eval(submatch(0)+1)', \ '')<CR> nnoremap <C-Down> :silent! let &guifont = substitute( \ &guifont, \ ':h\zs\d\+', \ '\=eval(submatch(0)-1)', \ '')<CR>
For example, the command :echo &guifont might show Bitstream_Vera_Sans_Mono:h12:b:cANSI.
The substitute pattern :h\zs\d\+ looks for :h followed by a number (one or more digits). The \zs marks the start of what is found (so it skips the :h).
The replacement string \=eval(submatch(0)+1) uses:
- Following is an expression to be evaluated.
- The text that matched (this example finds 12 with \d\+).
- Evaluate the following string (12+1).<|endoftext|>Ekim Düşü (1999) izle
(1999)
Yönetmen:Joe Johnston
Oyuncular:Jake Gyllenhaal, Chris Cooper, Laura Dern
Colwood kasabasında yaşayan Homer Hickam adında bir gencin, babasının madencilik mesleğini sürdürmekten başka çaresi kalmamış gibi görünüyor. Ancak Ekim 1957'de Sputnik'in uzaya fırlatılmasıyla Homer, roketlere ve onların nasıl yapıldığına büyük ilgi duyuyor. Üç arkadaşıyla deneme yanılma yoluyla deneyler yapmaya karar verir, ancak kasabadaki herkes, özellikle de babası bunun saçmalık olduğunu düşünür. Yalnızca bir okul öğretmeni onların çabalarına ve çalışmalarına saygı duyar ve onları Ulusal Bilim Yarışmasında birincilik ödülünü kazanabileceklerine ikna eder.<|endoftext|>Body of Knowledge
Sometimes, ontology is defined as a body of knowledge describing some domain, typically a common sense knowledge domain, using a representation vocabulary as described above. In this case, an ontology is not only the vocabulary, but the whole ``upper'' knowledge base (including the vocabulary that is used to describe this knowledge base).
The typical example is the project CYC that defines its knowledge base as an ontology for any other knowledge based system. CYC is the name of a very large, multi-contextual knowledge base and inference engine. CYC is an early attempt to do symbolic AI on a massive scale by capturing common knowledge that is required to do tasks that are trivial for people, but very hard for computers. All of the knowledge in CYC is represented declaratively in the form of logical assertions. CYC contains over 400,000 significant assertions, which include simple statements of facts, rules about what conclusions to draw if certain statements of facts are satisfied, and rules about how to reason with certain types of facts and rules. New conclusions are derived by the inference engine using deductive reasoning. The CYC common sense knowledge can be used as a foundation of a knowledge base for any knowledge intensive system. In this sense, this body of knowledge can be viewed as an ontology of the knowledge base of the system.
Generally speaking, it is not possible to objectively distinguish what should be in ontology and what should be in knowledge base. It depends on the requirements of intended usage of the ontology. That is why the CYC view of ontology is not incompatible with the Gruber's definition, even when it may contain facts that one would classify as representing state of affairs.<|endoftext|>Camerron Activ Spaces has announced Scratch workshop.
Scratch is a visual programming language that enables students to create interactive stories, animations, games, music, and art—and share their creations on the web.It developed by the MIT Media Lab, with financial support from the National Science Foundation, Microsoft, Intel Foundation, MacArthur Foundation, Google, Iomega and MIT Media Lab research consortia. The language will be used to introduce participants to introductory computer programming concepts.
What: Scratch Project Workshops
When: June 29-July 1, 2011 in Buea, July 20-July 22, 2011 in Yaoundé
Languages: English and French
For more about Scratch, visit MIT Scratch site.
Scratch is an educational programming language that allows people of any experience, background and age to experiment with the concepts of fully versatile computer programming by snapping together visual programming blocks to control images, music and sound. It is developed by the Lifelong Kindergarten group at the MIT Media Lab by a team led by Mitchel Resnick and first appeared in the summer of 2007. Scratch can be installed and freely redistributed on any Windows, Mac OS X or Linux computer. The source code is made available under a license that allows modifications for non-commercial uses.<|endoftext|>The below information was taken directly from the USDA’s The Big Thaw — Safe Defrosting Methods for Consumers document, and edited/modified by SFRAW to be relevant and useful for raw feeders.
Uh, oh! You’re home and forgot to thaw something for dinner. You grab a package of meat or chicken and use hot water to thaw it fast. But is this safe? What if you remembered to take food out of the freezer, but forgot and left the package on the counter all day while you were at work?
Neither of these situations is considered safe, and these methods of thawing may lead to foodborne illness. Raw or cooked meat, poultry or egg products, as any perishable foods, must be kept at a safe temperature during “the big thaw.” They are safe indefinitely while frozen. However, as soon as they begin to thaw and become warmer than 40 °F, bacteria that may have been present before freezing can begin to multiply.
Perishable foods should never be thawed on the counter, or in hot water and must not be left at room temperature for more than two hours.
Even though the center of the package may still be frozen as it thaws on the counter, the outer layer of the food could be in the “Danger Zone,” between 40 and 140 °F — temperatures where bacteria multiply rapidly.
When thawing frozen food, it’s best to plan ahead and thaw in the refrigerator where it will remain at a safe, constant temperature — at 40 °F or below.
There are two SFRAW-recommended safe ways to thaw food: in the refrigerator or in cold water.
Refrigerator Thawing (for everyday feeding)
Cold Water Thawing (the only SFRAW approved quick way to defrost in urgent situations)
Note: Microwave Thawing is never recommended by SFRAW
Planning ahead is the key to this method because of the lengthy time involved. A large frozen item like a turkey requires at least a day (24 hours) for every 5 pounds of weight. Even small amounts of frozen food — such as a pound of ground meat or boneless chicken breasts — require a full day to thaw. When thawing foods in the refrigerator, there are variables to take into account. Some areas of the appliance may keep food colder than other areas. Food will take longer to thaw in a refrigerator set at 35 °F than one set at 40 °F.
Our suggestion on how to store and manage your pet’s frozen meals for easy and safe feeding:
We suggest using a seperate bin or bowl that will prevent leaks from occurring to defrost your pet’s food in. We suggest maintaining three day’s worth of meals in your refrigerator for your pet, ongoing:
1) a day’s worth of food which is fully defrosted and that you are currently feeding;
2) a day’s worth of food that is ready to feed the next day/partially defrosted;
3) a day’s worth of food that you just pulled from the freezer/fully frozen and just starting to defrost.
Simply pull a meal from the freezer every time you finish feeding a currently using/fully defrosted meal, so you always have three days worth of food in various states of defrosting and ready to go without having to scramble.
IMPORTANT: After you defrost any frozen raw foods you have 2 days to feed this to your pet. When defrosting large bags or cases of things to pack-up into meals at home, you can safely re-freeze after portioning out these foods for future meals, but you should get it back into the freezer within one day of defrosting these ingredients.
TIP: If you forget to defrost a meal, and have an urgent situation due to your adorable hungry-hungry-hippo nipping at your heals or giving you that, “I’m starving!” look, here are some suggestions on how to handle:
1) Fasting opportunity! Healthy adult dogs can safely fast, with just access to clean water, for up to three days. Dogs that fast generally experience an improvement in their overall health; seizing the opportunity to work in a day of fasting here and there will prove beneficial for your dog! Cats that are overweight should never be fasted due to the possible risk of Feline Hepatic Lipidosis. However, healthy, svelte adult kitties may be safely fasted for up to 24-hours, generally, with a rather beneficial outcome and imporvement in their overall energy, digestion, and health.
Indeed, many people intentionally schedule in regular weekly fasting days as part of their feeding schedule – some people even feed according to a method called, “fast and gorge” — which is not for everyone but it is a perfectly fine way to feed your raw fed dog.
The benefits of fasting are well documented and fasting is an excellent “reboot”, recovery, and effective appetite reset for your animal’s system, and even a time-honored and very well proven natural method for healing during illness. Instead of food, spend extra time engaging with your pet doing favorite activities such as grooming, training, snuggling, playing, sunbathing, spending time in nature, or going for relaxing hikes/walks.
2) The incredible edible egg to the rescue! Either raw or cooked, and egg or two makes for a nice quick and easy meal. Drizzle with a tiny bit of healthy fat, if you’d like: a bit of pastured unsalted butter or ghee, coconut oil, pastured lard and a sprinkling of fresh or dried culinary herbs (if you want, totally optional!) makes for a delicious, nutrient dense meal. Eggs are a real saving grace for many people when nothing has been defrosted or the cupboard is bare. Truly pastured eggs have a ridiculously long shelf life, and are a great little meal in a pinch. Yes, you can feed the shell, too. Just realize that the shell is not an adequate source of calcium, unless it has been properly dried and pulverized. In its raw form, eggshells are safe and perfectly edible, but will pass through mostly undigested.
3) Fast fish meals! Individually frozen whole sardines, mackerel, anchovies, mussels, oysters or these species of canned seafood in water, olive oil, or even tomato (as a special treat). These foods make an easy quick meal for your dog (we do not suggest feeding seafood to cats). Just don’t overdo it — these are healthy, but somewhat rich, offerings. If your dog is not accustomed to eating whole fish or a meal of fish, it is best to start slowly with a small amount. Vomited fish or seafood is — as you can imagine — really gross to clean up/deal with! To avoid this smelly catastrophe, we suggest offering a small amount to see how they do first with fish fed alone as a meal. You can even divide it up into a few meals for the day until you get something defrosted.
4) Plain yogurt, raw goat milk, goat milk kefir or goat milk whey. These functional foods are kept in your refigerator for days/weeks and are totally fine to feed alone as a snack or even as a meal, in a pinch. You can find raw goat milk whey in a powdered format that can be rehydrated and served as a meal/snack.
Alternatively, (optional, not necessary) you may choose to add some extras to the raw dairy meal. For example, sprinkle a bit of organic cinnimon, add a touch of organic blackstrap molasses, a little drizzle of raw local honey, whip in a pastured egg yolk, organic turmeric powder/black pepper, organic slippery elm bark powder (for a boost in nutrients) or a bit of powdered organic ginger. Your animal will enjoy the benefits of the probiotics and enzymes found in raw milk. Yogurt, whey, and kefir all are protien rich foods. This is a great choice for any animal when you are out of food or forgot to defrost — they are also wonderful to add to any meal as part of the regular routine/menu.
5) Bone broth. This can be heated up and served warm to your pet any time. Bone broth makes for a nourishing, light, healing meal. If you have it in your freezer, you can quickly and easily heat it up from its frozen state and have a meal or nutritional snack in a few minutes for your animal. Just be sure you use a home-made broth or prepared broth that is suitable for dogs and cats — that means no onion and low-salt or salt-free.
After thawing in the refrigerator, items such as ground meat, stew meat, poultry, seafood, should remain safe and good quality for an additional day or two before using; red meat cuts (such as beef, pork or lamb roasts, chops and steaks) up to 3 days. Be aware that all bone-in cuts “go bad” far more quickly than boneless meats. For this reason, we mantain our standard reccomendation to “feed within 2-days” for all defrosted foods being fed raw to your dogs and cats.
Food thawed in the refrigerator can be refrozen without any issued for safety, although there may be some loss of quality when it comes to taste/texture after defrosted the second time around (depending on the freshness and handling of the original product).
TIP: The liquid and blood that pools up and leaks off your defrosted raw foods is source of water-soluble nutrients including TAURINE — an essential and necessary amino-acid for cats. We suggest allowing your animals to drink/lick this defrosted liquid, or to mix this liquid in with their meals so they are not missing out on these nutrients lost during defrosting.
QUICK METHOD: Cold Water Thawing
This method is faster than refrigerator thawing but requires more attention. The food must be in a leak-proof package or plastic bag. If the bag leaks, bacteria from the air or surrounding environment could be introduced into the food. Also, the meat tissue may absorb water, resulting in a watery product. The bag should be submerged in cold tap water, changing the water every 30 minutes so it continues to thaw is ideal and recommended by the USDA/FDA. For our pets, we feel ok with allowing it to defrost in cold water until ready to feed (a few hours or even overnight) *when the ambient temperature is low. If you are doing this during a heat wave, yes, please do change the water every 30-minutes. The idea is that the water needs to stay cool/cold – so check it often and decide if you need to refresh the cold water or not. Usually, living in San Francisco, we are able to let it defrost without needing to refresh the water. The frozen food acts as big ice cube and the bigger it is, the colder the water will stay. Small packages of meat, poultry or seafood — about a pound — may thaw in an hour or less. A 3-to 4-pound package may take 2 to 3 hours. For whole turkeys, estimate about 30 minutes per pound. If thawed completely, the food must be placed in the refrigerator or portioned out to re-freeze immediately.
The USDA/FDA suggest foods thawed by the cold water method should be cooked before refreezing; but we find this is not necessary for our raw fed dogs/cats. It is important to refreeze after portioning within a day or so, however.
What about? Cooking Without Thawing
[For those of you that feed cooked meals] When there is not enough time to thaw frozen foods, or you’re simply in a hurry, just remember: it is safe to cook foods from the frozen state. The cooking will take approximately 50% longer than the recommended time for fully thawed or fresh meat and poultry.
Lastly, whenever we discuss raw feeding meat to dogs and cats, it is important to remember that the health risk of bacteria from the raw meats is largely (if not exclusively) to US (the humans) not so much to our little carnivores. YES, it is true that dogs in particular and cats (in some respects) are biologically designed to handle bacteria loads in their foods without ever becoming ill — bacteria counts that would most likely pose a risk to humans are not generally an issue for most healthy raw fed pets. SFRAW makes great efforts to source only the freshest, most carefully/expertly raised, processed and handled meats/ingredients — IMO, careful sourcing from producers you know and trust and from a properly and carefully managed supply chain is the NUMBER ONE step anyone can do to secure the safety of the foods we procure. Unfortunately, careful sourcing and handling from birth to market are measures of safety that are often overlooked when you read safe food handling guidelines.
So, while dogs DO lick their butts, some eat poop and most will happily consume rotten carrion
|
5 | -1 | 1 |
شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب، اظهار داشت: اکثر راه های آسفالته روستایی حوزه این شهرستان نیاز به تعمیر و بازسازی دارد.
وی با بیان اینکه وضعیت راههای موجود روستایی این شهرستان مناسب نبوده، افزود: در بحث اعتبارات مشکلاتی وجود دارد اما قول می دهیم به زودی ۵۰ کیلومتر از راه های این شهرستان را با اعتبار ۵۰ میلیارد ریال و در سالهای آتی ۱۵۰ کیلومتر از راههای روستایی این شهرستان را مجددا روکش آسفالت کنیم.
میر شفیع گفت: امسال هم ۸ کیلومتر از راه اسلام آباد غرب به حمیل چهاربانده می شود و مابقی این پروژه در سالهای آتی انجام خواهد شد.
معاون وزیر راه، خاطر نشان کرد: مشکلات راه دسترسی به مسکن مهر و همچنین نقاط حادثه خیز راههای اصلی شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب را در وزارتخانه و به مدیران متولی ارائه خواهم کرد و امیدواریم که این مشکلات رفع شود.
فرماندار شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب نیز در ادامه، اظهار داشت: در شهرستان اسلام آباد غرب ۳۸۰ کیلومتر راه روستایی و ۱۸۰ کیلومتر راه اصلی وجود دارد که ۹۰ کیلومتر راههای روستایی حوزه شهرستان شنی است.
افشین کریمی افزود: از معاون محترم وزیر در امور راههای روستایی انتظار داریم اعتبار لازم برای روکش آسفالت راههای روستایی، رفع نقاط حادثه خیز راههای اصلی، چهار بانده کردن راه اسلام آباد به حمیل و رفع مشکل راه دسترسی مسکن مهر را مورد توجه داشته باشند و در این خصوص دستور اقدام لازم را صادر کنند.
نظر شما
دیدگاه های ارسال شده توسط شما، پس از تایید توسط مدیریت در وب سایت منتشر خواهد شد<|endoftext|>DC Motorlarda Ani Frenleme
DC motorlarında ani olarak durdurulmasında ani durdurma anahtarı veya röleleri kullanılır. Ani durdurmada, endüvi (rotor) de indüklenen gerilim (zıt E.M.K) şebeke gerilimine eklenir. Bu nedenle motor şebekeden yol alma akımın iki katına yakın akım çeker.
Bu akımı sınırlandırmak için, devrede (Rf) ani durdurma direnci kullanılır. (Rf) ani durdurma direncinin değeri yaklaşık olarak (Ry) yol verme direncini iki katına eşittir. Ani durdurmayı otomatik olarak gerçekleştirmek için, devrede otomatik çalışan bir anahtar kullanılır. (A) harfi ile işaretlenmiş bu anahtar, mildeki sürtünme kuvvetiyle veya merkezkaç kuvvetiyle çalışır.
Yol verme momentinin yüksek olmasını sağlamak için devrede şönt sargı devamlı olarak şebekeye bağlı olarak tutulur. Bu devrede başlatma butonuna basıldığı zaman, (M) kontaktörü enerjilenir. Kapanan (M) kontağı başlatma butonunu mühürler ve devamlı çalışmayı sağlar. Güç devresinde (M) kontakları kapanır. Endüvi şebekeye bağlanır. Endüviden yukarıdan aşağıya doğru bir akım geçer. Motor şekilde gösterilen yönde döner. Mildeki sürtünme veya merkezkaç kuvveti sebebiyle, (A) ani durdurma anahtarı kapanır. Normalde kapalı (M) kontağı önceden açıldığı için, bu durumda (G) kontaktörü enerjilenmez. Motor çalışması durdurma butonuna basılıncaya kadar sürer.
Durdurma butonuna basıldığı zaman, (M) kontaktörünün akımı kesilir ve rotor şebekeden ayrılır. Önceden açılmış olan (M) kontağı kapanır. Ataleti sebebiyle rotor dönmekte olduğu için, (A) ani durdurma anahtarı kapalı kalır. Bu sebeple (G) kontaktörü enerjilenir. (G) kontakları kapanır. Rotor tekrar şebekeye bağlanır. Bu durumda rotordan aşağıdan yukarıya doğru bir akım geçer. Bu akım ters yönde bir döndürme momenti meydana getirir. Ok yönünde dönen rotorun devir sayısı hızla düşer. Devir sayısı sıfır olduğu zaman, (A) ani durdurma anahtarı açılır. (G) kontaktörünün enerjisi kesilir. (G) kontakları açılır ve endüvi şebekeden ayrılır. Motor ters yönde dönmeden, çok kısa bir zaman içinde durdurulmuş olur.
DC Motorlarda Dinamik Frenleme
DC motorların dinamik frenlenmesi; AC motorların frenlenmesi ile aynıdır. Fakat burada frenleme direnci kullanılarak frenleme akımının belli bir değerin üstüne çıkması engellenir. Bu durumda fırçaların, kollektörün ve sargıların zarar görmesi engellenmiş olur. AC motorlar da rotor çubuklarından geçecek olan büyük değerli akımlara dayandığından bir sakınca yoktur.
Bir DC motorun rotor akımı kesildikten sonra stator (endüktör) akımı devam ettirilirse DC motor generatör gibi çalışır. Böylece rotor uçları arasına bir yük (direnç) bağlanırsa bu yükten geçen akıma bağlı olarak motorun devir sayısı hızla azalacak ve frenlenecektir.<|endoftext|>It's called bump shift because rather than shifting smoothly down through the gears as you roll to a stop, one of the lower gears engages harshly. Rather than a normal downshift, it almost feels like someone has lightly bumped the back of your car.
The gear ratio
of a gear train, also known as its speed ratio
, is the ratio of the angular velocity of the input gear to the angular velocity of the output gear. The gear ratio can be calculated directly from the numbers of teeth on the gears in the gear train. The torque ratio of the gear train, also known as its mechanical advantage, is determined by the gear ratio. The speed ratio and mechanical advantage are defined so they yield the same number in an ideal linkage.
In a gear train, the input gear
, or drive gear
, transmits power to the output gear
, also known as the driven gear
. The input gear, which is usually connected to a power source, such as a motor or engine, transmits power through any other gears that may be in the gear train to the output gear.
The simplest gear train is a pair of meshing gears in which the input gear drives the output gear. The gear teeth are designed so that the pitch circles of the two gears roll on each other without slipping. The velocity, represented by v
, of the points of contact of the two pitch circles are the same. If the input gear GA
has the radius rA
and angular velocity
, and meshes with output gear GB
of radius rB
and angular velocity
The number of teeth on a gear is proportional to the radius of its pitch circle, which means that the ratios of the gears' angular velocities, radii, and number of teeth are equal. Where NA
is the number of teeth on the input gear and NB
is the number of teeth on the output gear, the following equation is formed:
This shows that a simple gear train with two gears has the gear ratio R
This equation shows that if the number of teeth on the output gear GB
is larger than the number of teeth on the input gear GA
, then the input gear GA
must rotate faster than the output gear GB
The teeth of a gear are distributed on the circumference of the pitch circle so that the thickness of each tooth t
and the space between two teeth are the same. The pitch p
of a gear, which is the distance between the equivalent points on two teeth, is equal to twice the thickness of a tooth,
The pitch of a gear GA
can be computed from the number of teeth NA
and the radius rA
of its pitch circle
In order to mesh smoothly two gears GA
must have the same sized teeth and therefore they must have the same pitch p
, which means
This equation shows that the ratio of the circumference, the diameters and the radii of two meshing gears is equal to the ratio of their number of teeth,
The speed ratio of two gears rolling without slipping on their pitch circles is given by,
In other words, the gear ratio, or speed ratio, is inversely proportional to ratio of the radii of the pitch circles and the number of teeth of the two gears.
A gear train can be analyzed using the principle of virtual work to show that its torque ratio, which is the ratio of its output torque to its input torque, is equal to the gear ratio, or speed ratio, of the gear train.
This means that the input torque TA
applied to the input gear GA
and the output torque TB" on the output gear
GB are related by the ratio
is the gear ratio of the gear train.
The torque ratio of a gear train is also known as its mechanical advantage, thus
In a sequence of gears chained together, the ratio depends only on the number of teeth on the first and last gear. The intermediate gears, regardless of their size, do not alter the overall gear ratio of the chain. However, the addition of each intermediate gear reverses the direction of rotation of the final gear.
An intermediate gear which does not drive a shaft to perform any work is called an idler gear. Sometimes, a single idler gear is used to reverse the direction, in which case it may be referred to as a reverse idler
. For instance, the typical automobile manual transmission engages reverse gear by means of inserting a reverse idler between two gears.
Idler gears can also transmit rotation among distant shafts in situations where it would be impractical to simply make the distant gears larger to bring them together. Not only do larger gears occupy more space, the mass and rotational inertia (moment of inertia) of a gear is proportional to the square of its radius. Instead of idler gears, a toothed belt or chain can be used to transmit torque over distance.
If a simple gear train has three gears, such that the input gear GA
meshes with an intermediate gear GI
which in turn meshes with the output gear GB
, then the pitch circle of the intermediate gear rolls without slipping on both the pitch circles of the input and output gears. This yields the two relations
The speed ratio of this gear train is obtained by multiplying these two equations to obtain
Notice that this gear ratio is exactly the same as for the case when the gears GA
engaged directly. The intermediate gear provides spacing but does not affect the gear ratio. For this reason it is called an idler
gear. The same gear ratio is obtained for a sequence of idler gears and hence an idler gear is used to provide the same direction to rotate the driver and driven gear, if the driver gear moves in clockwise direction, then the driven gear also moves in the clockwise direction with the help of the idler gear.
Assuming that in the photo the smallest gear is connected to the motor, it is the driver gear. The somewhat larger gear on the upper left is called an idler gear. It is not connected directly to either the motor or the output shaft and only transmits power between the input and output gears. There is a third gear in the upper-right corner of the photo. Assuming that that gear is connected to the machine's output shaft, it is the output or driven gear.
The input gear in this gear train has 13 teeth and the idler gear has 21 teeth. Considering only these gears, the gear ratio between the idler and the input gear can be calculated as if the idler gear was the output gear. Therefore, the gear ratio is driven/driver = 21/13 = ~1.62 or 1.62:1.
This ratio means that the driver gear must make 1.62 revolutions to turn the driven gear once. It also means that for every one revolution of the driver, the driven gear has made 1/1.62, or 0.62, revolutions. Essentially, the larger gear turns more slowly.
The third gear in the picture has 42 teeth. The gear ratio between the idler and third gear is thus 42/21, or 2:1, and hence the final gear ratio is 1.62x2=~3.23. For every 3.23 revolutions of the smallest gear, the largest gear turns one revolution, or for every one revolution of the smallest gear, the largest gear turns 0.31 (1/3.23) revolution, a total reduction of about 1:3.23 (Gear Reduction Ratio (GRR) = 1/Gear Ratio (GR)).
Since the idler gear contacts directly both the smaller and the larger gear, it can be removed from the calculation, also giving a ratio of 42/13 = ~3.23.
Belts can have teeth in them also and be coupled to gear-like pulleys. Special gears called sprockets can be coupled together with chains, as on bicycles and some motorcycles. Again, exact accounting of teeth and revolutions can be applied with these machines.
For example, a belt with teeth, called the timing belt, is used in some internal combustion engines to synchronize the movement of the camshaft with that of the crankshaft, so that the valves open and close at the top of each cylinder at exactly the right time relative to the movement of each piston. A chain, called a timing chain, is used on some automobiles for this purpose, while in others, the camshaft and crankshaft are coupled directly together through meshed gears. Regardless of which form of drive is employed, the crankshaft to camshaft gear ratio is always 2:1 on four-stroke engines, which means that for every two revolutions of the crankshaft the camshaft will rotate once.
Automobile drivetrains generally have two or more major areas where gearing is used. Gearing is employed in the transmission, which contains a number of different sets of gears that can be changed to allow a wide range of vehicle speeds, and also in the differential, which contains the final drive to provide further speed reduction at the wheels. In addition, the differential contains further gearing that splits torque equally between the two wheels while permitting them to have different speeds when travelling in a curved path. The transmission and final drive might be separate and connected by a driveshaft, or they might be combined into one unit called a transaxle. The gear ratios in transmission and final drive are important because different gear ratios will change the characteristics of a vehicle's performance.]
A 2004 Chevrolet Corvette C5 Z06 with a six-speed manual transmission has the following gear ratios in the transmission:
In 1st gear, the engine makes 2.97 revolutions for every revolution of the transmission’s output. In 4th gear, the gear ratio of 1:1 means that the engine and the transmission's output rotate at the same speed. 5th and 6th gears are known as overdrive gears, in which the output of the transmission is revolving faster than the engine's output.
The Corvette above has a differential ratio of 3.42:1, meaning that for every 3.42 revolutions of the transmission’s output, the wheels make one revolution. The differential ratio multiplies with the transmission ratio, so in 1st gear, the engine makes 10.16 revolutions for every revolution of the wheels.
The car’s tires can almost be thought of as a third type of gearing. This car is equipped with 295/35-18 tires, which have a circumference of 82.1 inches. This means that for every complete revolution of the wheel, the car travels 82.1 inches (209 cm). If the Corvette had larger tires, it would travel farther with each revolution of the wheel, which would be like a higher gear. If the car had smaller tires, it would be like a lower gear.
With the gear ratios of the transmission and differential, and the size of the tires, it becomes possible to calculate the speed of the car for a particular gear at a particular engine RPM.
For example, it is possible to determine the distance the car will travel for one revolution of the engine by dividing the circumference of the tire by the combined gear ratio of the transmission and differential.
It is also possible to determine a car's speed from the engine speed by multiplying the circumference of the tire by the engine speed and dividing by the combined gear ratio.
A close-ratio transmission is a transmission in which there is a relatively little difference between the gear ratios of the gears. For example, a transmission with an engine shaft to drive shaft ratio of 4:1 in first gear and 2:1 in second gear would be considered wide-ratio when compared to another transmission with a ratio of 4:1 in first and 3:1 in second. This is because the close-ratio transmission has less of a progression between gears. For the wide-ratio transmission, the first gear ratio is 4:1 or 4, and in second gear it is 2:1 or 2, so the progression is equal to 4/2 = 2 (or 200%). For the close-ratio transmission, first gear has a 4:1 ratio or 4, and second gear has a ratio of 3:1 or 3, so the progression between gears is 4/3, or 133%. Since 133% is less than 200%, the transmission with the smaller progression between gears is considered close-ratio. However, the difference between a close-ratio and wide-ratio transmission is subjective and relative.
Close-ratio transmissions are generally offered in sports cars, sport bikes, and especially in race vehicles, where the engine is tuned for maximum power in a narrow range of operating speeds, and the driver or rider can be expected to shift often to keep the engine in its power band.
Factory 4-speed or 5-speed transmission ratios generally have a greater difference between gear ratios and tend to be effective for ordinary driving and moderate performance use. Wider gaps between ratios allow a higher 1st gear ratio for better manners in traffic, but cause engine speed to decrease more when shifting. Narrowing the gaps will increase acceleration at speed, and potentially improve top speed under certain conditions, but acceleration from a stopped position and operation in daily driving will suffer.
is the torque multiplication difference between 1st and 4th gears; wider-ratio gear-sets have more, typically between 2.8 and 3.2. This is the single most important determinant of low-speed acceleration from stopped.
is the reduction or decay in the percentage drop in engine speed in the next gear, for example after shifting from 1st to 2nd gear. Most transmissions have some degree of progression in that the RPM drop on the 1-2 shift is larger than the RPM drop on the 2-3 shift, which is in turn larger than the RPM drop on the 3-4 shift. The progression may not be linear (continuously reduced) or done in proportionate stages for various reasons, including a special need for a gear to reach a specific speed or RPM for passing, racing and so on, or simply economic necessity that the parts were available.
Range and progression are not mutually exclusive, but each limits the number of options for the other. A wide range, which gives a strong torque multiplication in 1st gear for excellent manners in
|
5 | -1 | 2 |
The Ethnographic Museum of Istria; project manager Dr. Lidija Nikočević
Migration process The complex political history of the Istrian peninsula and its inhabitants involves a complex multi-ethnic population and history of 200 000 emigrants after World War II.
• Second and third generation migrated Istrians are searching for their roots and identitiesPeriod After World war II, 1945 and onwards
Informants • Italians who had to emigrate from Istria, some of whom returned to Istria and others who did not, and their descendants.
Needs and challenges I-ON intends to tackle
To “safeguard, develop and promote cultural and linguistic diversity and Europe’s cultural heritage” is a general policy objective of the Creative Europe program. This has a trans- and international dimension, which requests dynamic cooperation, capacity and skills in the cultural sector.
Museums can make a difference in the lives of the people and communities, by being an arena for participation, intercultural dialogue, and by catalysing personal processes of identification and belonging to a community. Experiencing that one is not alone with one’s experiences and discover ways in which they are related to social processes such as migration, for example, can change a person’s lifeworld. Relating to and learning from other people, who have experienced and conquered similar experiences as oneself, can foster community and empower the individual by giving hope and affirmation that one is not alone. The parallels between former and newer migration processes can be engaged as bridges between the current and future common cultural heritage in Europe. To facilitate this, museums must work in participation with audiences locally, as well as reaching beyond the local and national level. This is a challenging order, which will be pursued through thorough cooperation.
Enhancing cultural dialogue and raising the awareness of common history and values and thereby reinforcing a sense of belonging, is the focus of all actions in this project. As museums with access to a uniquely tangible and intangible cultural heritage, we have chosen E. Legacy of the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018 as our main priority. Nevertheless, as one will find below, in the description of the activities, I-ON relates in some way or another to all the main objectives. Among the concrete outcomes of this project, one finds the testing of innovative approaches to audience development, the organization of cultural activities on several geographical levels and the development and transfer of skills, competencies, and know-how.
This project will raise awareness of common history and values through the collection and dissemination of experiences from seven former migration processes in Europe. We will unfold and transmit common features of migration in European history from past to future generations, involving former migrants and their descendants in the collection and dissemination of experiences from factual historical contexts. Hereby, we aim to reinforce the sense of belonging to a common European space to contemporary migrants, as well as to those who have settled and to the hosting communities.
I-ON does so by:
- • Facilitating objects and memories to safeguard, supplement and develop cultural heritage as a source identity and belonging for all inhabitants in Europe.
• Following an inclusive and participatory approach.
• Giving people a voice to present narratives and experiences which are normally overlooked and not acknowledged.
• Summing up main aspects and similarities from seven exhibitions in a joint exhibition which will be circulated and shown internationally.
• Strengthening the interaction between the cultural heritage sector and other sectors.
• Facilitating the use of school-packages for teachers, with the aim of engaging children and young people in intercultural dialogue and reinforce their sense of belonging.
• Strengthening the intercultural, international and interprofessional exchange of knowledge, ideas and working methods.
• Transferring fellow professionals.
In sum, the project aims to assist inhabitants to take up and sustain a European identity and a diversified common cultural heritage by bridging historical and contemporary experiences of migration in Europe.
Together, the partners will focus on the following eight activities:
ACTIVITY 1 – Project Management and Quality Control
ACTIVITY 2 – Promotional Activities and Materials
ACTIVITY 3 – Cooperation with new audiences in the local exhibition projects
ACTIVITY 4 – Training and education for professionals
ACTIVITY 5 – Guided Visits of Places of Remembrance and/or Museums
ACTIVITY 6 – Joint Exhibition: Travel exhibition and Digital Package
ACTIVITY 7 – Development and distribution of school packages
ACTIVITY 8 – Evaluation Processes and Implementation of Long-term Perspectives
For further questions, please contact the project managers in the respective countries or Kathrin Pabst here.<|endoftext|>previous tutorial |
ACG home |
Instructor home |
Class home |
List of tutorials |
next tutorial |
For the antiquarians in the audience, we have older versions of this tutorial, using:
VectorWorks 8 |
MiniCAD 7 |
Strata StudioPro 2.5 |
Strata StudioPro Blitz 1.75 |
Before beginning the project
- If you are working in the ACG Lab
click to read these important notes before you start the tutorial.
This section of the directions contains information that pertains specifically to the way the ACG Lab operates. It may not apply if you work on the project elsewhere.
- If you need to get for yourself the programs mentioned in this tutorial:
- Art of Illusion is an open source program, freely downloadable at www.artofillusion.org.
This program will run on a variety of other computers besides Macintoshes.
Since the 3D software marketplace is very fragmented, there is no single industry standard for 3D programs.
Art of Illusion is an ideal training tool because it provides a broad cross-section of the features shared by all the major players.
At the same time, it preserves a clean, standardized interface, unlike commercial programs which resort to quirky gadgets--making it hard to reuse what you have learned when you approach a new program.
While the program is simple to use, it is not simplistic. It can be used for serious work, as it has all the capabilities required for the complete 3D workflow:
modeling, rendering, and animation.
In this first phase of our 3D project, we will use the most common modeling tools: we will start from flat 2D shapes, converting them to 3D using two techniques generally available in all 3D programs: extruding and lathing. Later we will work directly with basic 3D shapes called primitives, combining them using boolean operations and reshaping them through mesh editing.
After some initial setup, we can proceed to create the elements in our scene:
- Reset the program to factory defaults by removing the file '.aoiprefs' (if found) from the Preferences folder inside System Folder.
Double-click the Art of Illusion application icon to start the program
- A blank document window appears. It shows four views (Front, Left, Top, and the perspective from Camera 1) of your virtual workspace.
- A blank document window can also be created (when the program is already running) using the File-->New command.
- Save the new document: File-->Save As, enter any filename you want (this document will not be posted on the web site directly). Make sure to save often as you continue to work.
- Use the Scene-->Grids command to display a visual reference (Show Grid), and to automatically align your drawing (Snap to Grid).
- You may also want to lower the number of Snap-to Subdivisions, to make it easier to pick exact alignments.
- To see more of your workspace, change the number above the Front viewport from 100 to 10 (this will zoom out your view, and the grid will appear correspondingly smaller)
- Any other viewports displaying a Parallel projection of the scene (such as Left and Top) can be zoomed in the same manner.
- For Perspective views (such as Camera 1), use the Pan Camera tool with the Control key held down.
return to top
Choose the Approximating Curve tool.
- An approximating curve comes close to (approximates) its curve points, while an interpolating curve (created with the program's other curve tool) will go right through all its control points.
- In general, the former is used for drawing, as it yields smooth curves more easily. The latter is used for animation paths, as positioning is more predictable.
Working in the Front viewport, draw the profile for the pedestal (representing one half of a front view of the finished object) using the Curve tool in a connect-the-dots fashion. To give our pedestal a flat level top, the first two points at the upper end of the curve should align horizontally. The rest of the profile is up to you.
- Click on the dark vertical line in the middle of the grid (the Y axis) to establish the starting point of the profile.
- Click to establish additional vertices and smoothly connect additional line segments. To put a crease in the outline (a corner point), click while holding down the Shift key. Use two consecutive corner points to draw a straight segment.
- To complete the profile, return to a location on the Y axis (snapping to the grid should help you make this an exact alignment), and double-click. An example of a completed profile is shown in the picture above.
- When done drawing, leave the profile selected (red handles are visible at the sides and corners of its bounding box).
- Note that all four views have updated, showing that your drawing exists in 3d space, but has no thickness. When working in a 3d program, it is essential to look at your model from many different directions to verify that it does have the shape you expect.
- Note also that the entry 'Curve 1' has been added to the Object List (in the right margin of the window). In a complex scene, it may be difficult to see some elements of your model, but you can easily select them by clicking on the corresponding entry in this list.
- Choose the Tools-->Lathe command. The Lathe dialog appears, choose the settings as follows:
- "Line through Endpoints" for the Lathe Axis (this is the 'hinge' for the profile as it sweeps through 3d space to define a solid object).
- Total Rotation Angle = 360 (the profile will make a complete circle around the axis)
- Radius = 0.0 (because we don't want a doughnut-like shape with a hole in the center)
- Segments = 8 (this affects the amount of control you have if you later wanted to reshape the object)
- You can click and drag the preview image on the right to rotate it and visually verify the effect of your settings.
- Click <OK> to exit the dialog.
- The result is a symmetrical 3-D shape, with a circular cross-section, based on the 2-D profile you drew earlier.
- All four views again update, showing the new shape in the workspace.
- Note that the entry 'Lathed Object 1' has been added to the Object List.
- Note also that the entry 'Curve 1' is still listed (in case you wanted to create additional objects based on this profile).
Since we don't need Curve 1 now, click on its name to select it, then use Object-->Hide Selection to remove some clutter from the scene (the list entry turns grey to remind you that the object is not visible).
return to top
Choose the Approximating Curve tool again.
- Now that you have had some practice, try your hand at drawing a more intricate shape: your name's initial letter.
- Because of the way this curve will be converted to 3d, make sure to draw the entire shape of the letter as a single unbroken curve (imagine you are bending a glass tube to make a neon sign).
Working in the Front viewport, click the sequence of control points to create the shape of the letter. Double-click to set the last point, and a 'Curve 2' entry will be added to the Object List. Leave the curve selected.
- Display the Tube dialog by using the Tools-->Tube command.
- Adjust the Width value based on the preview image.
- Choose whether the tube should be hollow (Open Ends) or solid (Flat Ends).
- Click <OK>
- The result is a tubular 3-D object, with a circular cross-section, bent in the shape of the last 2-D profile you drew.
- The entry 'Tube 1' has been added to the Object List.
- The entry 'Curve 2' was retained. Click on its name to select it, then use Object-->Hide Selection to make it invisible.
- If the object is not quite to your liking, it is easy to make changes to it: the Tube command we used is a simplified form of extrusion, sweeping a preset shape (a circle) along the selected curve.
The advantage to this simplified technique is that the entire 3d object can be reshaped by modifying the few points that make up the curve.
- To adjust the shape of your extrusion, double-click the entry 'Tube 1' in the Object List.
- A new window appears, where you can use the selection tool (the first one at the top of the toolbox) to reposition the control points. If any points are hidden, choose View-->Display Mode-->Transparent.
- To remove a point, click on it to select it, then use the command Tube-->Delete Selected Points.
- To add a point, select two consecutive points (use shift-click to add to the selection), then use the command Tube-->Subdivide Selection. A new point appears between the two you had selected.
- To change a curve point to a corner, click on it to select it, then use the command Tube-->Smoothness. Enter 0 in the Smoothness field and click <OK>. The smoothest curve has Smoothness value of 1. Setting Smoothness to intermediate values adjusts the curvature.
- To taper or inflate sections of the object, select a control point and use the command Tube-->Set Thickness. Enter a new number and click <OK> to alter the segment of the tube influenced by the selected point.
- Click <OK> (at the top-right of the window) to exit Tube editing and apply the changes you made to the model.
return to top
Boolean Subtraction Walls
Using Object-->Create Primitive-->Cube, insert a box that will become the outside surface of the walls and floor slab of a simple building. In the dialog which appears next, enter a size large enough to enclose the entire scene. Assuming you sized objects roughly as shown in the previous steps, you can use these measurements:
- Enter 0 in all Position and Orientation fields.
- Size X (width) = 15
- Size Y (height) = 15
- Size Z (length) = 15
- Click <OK> to exit the dialog and create the new object. A cube appears in the scene, and the entry 'Cube 1' is added to the Object List.
- Repeat the same process to create a second, narrower and taller box (e.g., 14 long and wide, 16 high).
- The entry 'Cube 2' has been added to the Object List.
Examine all four views to verify that the two cubes are positioned one inside the other, with the taller one jutting out of the wider one.
Use the Rotate Camera tool to help you look at the model from all sides in the Camera 1 view.
Next, choose the Move Object tool so that we can adjust the position of the cubes.
- Click in the front viewport (it becomes the current view, as shown by the thick outline that surrounds it)
- Use Scene-->Display Mode-->Wireframe to change the way the objects in the scene are displayed, from smooth (solid) to wireframe
(objects appear transparent because all the edges are displayed). This makes it easier to see overlapping objects.
- Now drag up the taller cube (Cube 2), so that its bottom edge is above the bottom edge of the wider cube. The gap between the bottom faces of the cubes will become the floor slab of the building.
- Verify in all four views that the two boxes are one inside the other, the inner one protruding past the top (but not the bottom) of the outer one.
Solid modeling lets you create complex shapes by combining simpler ones. In this case, we will use the inner box to subtract (carve out) a cavity in the outer box:
- Click on 'Cube 1' in the Object List, then shift-click on 'Cube 2'. In the case of subtractions, the order in which you select the objects does matter.
- Display the Boolean dialog by using the Tools-->Boolean Modelling command.
- Choose 'First - Second' from the Operation pop-up menu.
- You can drag the preview image to rotate it. Drag it with the Command and Control keys pressed to zoom in and out.
- Click <OK> to complete the subtraction.
- You have created in a single step the walls and floor of a room. Hide the objects 'Cube 1' and 'Cube 2', and you will see clearly the new object, 'Boolean 1'.
Use the Move Object tool in the Front viewport to reposition the pedestal so it rests on the floor. Reposition your initial letter as well.
- You can afterwards switch back to a solid view of the objects in the Front viewport with Scene-->Display Mode-->Smooth.
Now you can cut your choice of doors and windows in the walls of the room by subtracting additional cubes, created either with the Object-->Create Primitive-->Cube command, or by drawing with the Cube tool.
Check your work in all four views, and if necessary use the Move Object tool to reposition the cubes as needed.
If you need to resize the cubes, use the Size fields in the Layout dialog (Object-->Object Layout), or drag a cube's handles (the red dots that surround it when selected) using the Scale Object tool.
Complete the room with Boolean subtractions:
- Using any Object tool, click on one of the new cubes to select it.
- Shift-click the walls to add them to the selection.
- Display the Boolean dialog by using the Tools-->Boolean Modelling command.
- Choose 'Second - First' from the Operation pop-up menu. Click <OK> to make a 'hole' in the wall.
- A new Boolean item is added to the Object List. Select the old boolean object and the cube you subtracted from it, and use Object-->Hide Selection to make them invisible.
- Repeat the same process for each one of the remaining cubes.
return to top
Triangle Mesh Roof
- We'll use another cube as the initial shape of the roof.
- Using the command Object-->Create Primitive-->Cube display the Cube Layout dialog
- Enter the following measurements (assuming you sized the very first cube as recommended, this new cube will then rest on the walls):
- Position Y = 11.5; Size X and Z, both = 17; Size Y = 8; Leave 0 in all other fields.
- Click <OK> to exit the dialog and create the new object. Zoom and pan each view as needed to see the entire model.
- You can adjust the size of the cube if you like, but keep in mind that the finished roof will be half as tall as the initial box.
- Make sure the new cube is still selected, then change it to a format you can reshape using Object-->Convert to Triangle Mesh.
- A dialog box will ask for confirmation (since this operation is irreversible). Click <OK> to proceed.
- A triangle mesh is a way of describing the shape of an object as a series of connected triangular facets (polygons).
- With the cube still selected, use Object-->Edit Object to open the Triangle Mesh editing window
- Zoom the view as needed to see the entire cube, then choose View-->Display Mode-->Shaded.
- Leave other attributes at their default settings: Front, Parallel view; Point editing
|
5 | -1 | 3 |
در آن زمان ریبوک، رقیب اصلی نایک، فروش بیشتری داشت). در اواخر دهۀ ۱۹۸۰ نایک با برگزیدن شعار «تنها انجامش بده» یک کمپین بازاریابی راهاندازی کرد و با این کار توانست ضربه بزرگی به رقبا وارد کند. در سال ۱۹۸۸، فروش شرکت نایک به ۸۰۰ میلیون دلار رسید و بعد از مدت کوتاهی از ۹.۲ میلیارد دلار بالاتر رفت؛ زیرا شعار انتخابی آنها جملۀ کوتاه و زیبایی بود که برای مردم قابلدرک است. نایک میگفت: نمیخوای چند متر بیشتر بدویی؟ فقط اونو انجام بده. نمیخوای چند تا پله بیشتر بالا بری؟ فقط انجامش بده. همۀ ما میتوانیم با انجام این شعار فراتر از تواناییهای خود پیش برویم.<|endoftext|>概览
优势和特点
- 极高温度运行：–40ºC 至 175ºC
- 低噪声电压：1.9nV/√Hz (100kHz)
- 低电源电流：每放大器 3mA (最大值)
- 增益带宽乘积：100MHz
- 低失真：在 1MHz 条件下为–80dB
- 低失调电压：500µV (最大值)
- 宽电源电压范围：2.5V 至 12.6V
- 轨至轨输入和输出摆幅
- 共模抑制比：90dB (典型值)
- 低噪声电流：1.1pA/√Hz
- 输出电流：30mA (最小值)
- 8 引脚 SO 封装
- 可提供裸片
产品详情
LT®6203X 是一款低噪声、轨至轨输入和输出、单位增益稳定的双路运放，其具有 1.9nV/√Hz 的噪声电压，每个放大器仅吸收 2.5mA 的电源电流。这些放大器把非常低噪声和电源电流与 100MHz 的增益带宽乘积、25V/µs 的转换速率结合在一起，并针对低电源电压信号调理系统进行了优化。
这些放大器能够在 2.2V 至 12.6V 的电源电压范围内保持其性能，并规格在 3V、5V 和 ±5V 电源。在 1MHz 条件下，谐波失真低于 –80dBc，使得这些放大器成为低功率数据采集系统的恰当之选。
这些器件可用作许多运放的插入式替代产品，以改进输入 / 输出范围和噪声性能。
LT6203X 是 Linear Technology® 提供符合高温环境要求且不断成长系列产品中的一员。如需了解完整的高温产品选项，请登录我们的网站 www.linear.com.cn 查询。
LT6203X 采用具标准双路运放引出脚配置的 8 引脚 SO 封装。另外，LT6203X 还可作为裸片提供。
应用
- 井下钻孔和仪表
- 重工业
- 航空电子
- 高温环境
- 低噪声、低功率信号处理
- 有源滤波器
- 轨至轨缓冲放大器
- 驱动 A/D 转换器
- DSL 接收机
- 电池供电型 / 电池备份设备
产品生命周期 推荐新设计使用
本产品已上市。数据手册包含所有最终性能规格和工作条件。ADI公司推荐新设计使用这些产品。
工具及仿真模型
LTspice
LTspice®是一款强大高效的免费仿真软件、原理图采集和波形观测器，为改善模拟电路的仿真提供增强功能和模型。
LTspice中提供以下器件型号：
设计资源
ADI始终把满足您可靠性水平的产品放在首要位置。我们通过在所有产品、工艺设计和制造过程中引入高质量和可靠性检查实践这一承诺。发运的产品实现“零缺陷”始终是我们的目标。
|Part Number||Material Declaration||Reliability Data||Pin/Package Drawing||CAD Symbols, Footprints & 3D Models|
|LT6203XS8#PBF||材料声明||质量和可靠性||8-Lead SOIC (Narrow 0.15 Inch)|
|LT6203XS8#TRPBF||材料声明||质量和可靠性||8-Lead SOIC (Narrow 0.15 Inch)|
|Wafer Fabrication Data||R378 Reliability Data|
PCN-PDN信息
Select a model from the dropdown below to subscribe to PCN/PDN notifications and view past notifications as well.
样片申请及购买
订购常见问题解答
有关在线订单、付款选项等问题的答案，请参阅我们的订购常见问题解答。
立即购买报价
(**)显示的立即购买报价和报价范围基于少量订单。
报价单
(*)所列的千片报价单仅供预算参考，指美元报价（规定订量的单价，美国离岸价），如有修改，恕不另行通知。由于地区关税、商业税、汇率及手续费原因，国际报价可能不同。对于指定订量报价或交货报价，请联系当地的ADI授权代理商。对于评估板和套件的报价是指单片价格。
交付周期
请参见我们的首席客户官关于交付周期的最新沟通说明。
采样
选择上方“样片”按钮将重定向至第三方ADI样片网站。登录后，所选部件将转移到您在此网站上的购物车。如果您之前从未使用过此网站，请创建一个新帐户。有关此样片网站的任何问题，请联系SampleSupport@analog.com。<|endoftext|>1985年，Pearl Technologies Inc.成立时只是一家小公司，拥有简单的塑料冲头产品线，并决心通过提供优质的产品和一流的客户服务来彻底改变软膜袋的生产。
一项创新带来了另一项创新，不久该公司就赢得了业界的尊重，并分布到全球超过35个国家。如今，Pearl Technologies被公认为是塑料行业的领导者，拥有超过两项专利（包括3,000多种解决方案驱动产品的阵容），服务于世界各大洲的数千名客户。所有的设计，制造和运营都在我们位于纽约州萨凡纳的41,000平方英尺的总部进行。
Pearl可以指望使任何独特的应用程序比任何人都更好！我们的成功和声誉建立在我们满足客户任何独特应用要求的能力以及我们出色的客户服务，创新，质量，速度和交付能力上。我们每天实践这些原则。他们定义了我们是谁以及我们的品牌代表什么。
Pearl是EDGE工业技术公司。
全国服务热线
021-59555122<|endoftext|>Fact of the Day: Did you know... Sabah is home to the world's smallest known sub-species of elephants - Borneo Pygmy Elephants!
Marine Day to promote coral conservation
As much as 10% of the world's reefs have been degraded beyond recovery while another 30% are predicted to collapse within the next 10 to 20 years. The reefs at greatest risk include those in Southeast Asia. There, human impacts are causing reef degradation that will have serious environmental effects in the near future.
Coral reefs in many of our seas today are increasingly threatened by human activities, which include blast fishing and cyanide fishing. Another no less damaging threat is coral bleaching, which occurs due to changes in global sea water temperature. This phenomenon can destroy coral reefs and affect marine life living in and around corals.
Transplantation programmes, where corals are transplanted from a healthy area to destroyed reefs, may help to revive reefs destroyed by these threats.
This was the message brought home to the 500 participants who turned up for the recent two-day Mabul Marine Day 2001 organised by Sipadan Water Village Resort in cooperation with WWF Malaysia. Stormy weather did not prevent them from taking part in various activities aimed at raising awareness of the causes of coral reef destruction and encouraging action to help protect these reefs. Local school children, the headmaster and teachers of S.K. Mabul, representatives from the Sabah Education Department, Ministry of Education Malaysia and Semporna District Office, villagers of Kampung Mabul, Kampung Mabul JKKK, the Police General Force, Seaventure Sdn Bhd, Scubazoo Images, guests and divemasters of Sipadan Water Village resort as well as coral specialists from Japan came together for coral conservation at the fourth Mabul Marine Day since this event first started in 1998.
The coral transplanting programme involved guests of Sipadan Water Village Resort who are mostly divers. This 'adopt a coral' approach aims to raise awareness on the causes of reef destruction and to encourage action to help reduce coral destruction. Transplanted corals are then monitored, their growth rates recorded and the data sent to the adopter to encourage them to be involved in and care for their transplanted corals. The coral transplanting activity was preceded with talks by Mr. Yoshi Hirata, a consultant attached to the Sipadan Water Village Resort, and Dr. Masayoshi Hayashi, Deputy Director of Yokosuka City Museum and a renowned coral specialist who has been a regular speaker at the Mabul Marine Day since 1999.
Other activities included a beach cleaning involving more than 400 villagers of Kg. Mabul and coordinated by the village JKKK with assistance from the Police General Force. Seaventure Sdn Bhd, one of the tour operators on Mabul Island also participated. The District Officer of Semporna, Encik Suhaili Riman in commending Mabul Marine Day said that the event would be of mutual benefit to everyone and should be continued. Guided snorkeling, conducted by divemasters of Sipadan Water Village Resort Sdn Bhd exposed primary school students of S.K. Mabul to marine life and the underwater world. A colouring contest provided students of S.K. Mabul and children of resort guests the opportunity to demonstrate their artistic talent and understanding of marine life. Ken Pan, Director of Sipadan Water Village Sdn Bhd in acknowledging that the resort has benefited tremendously from the corals and sea said that it was time to do something meaningful and try to give something back to Mother Nature.
Educating Young Minds
For most of his life, Tan Fong Kew spent his time doing what he loved most - teaching. As an educationist, he has devoted his time to nurturing the inquisitive minds of school children in Malaysian schools. And after 28 years on the job, he thought that it was time for him to leave the world of education and move on.
But after sometime, his instincts told him that this just couldn't be end of his teaching career. And so, after much pondering, Uncle Tan, as we love to call him, decided to join WWFM as an education officer.
A veteran educationist, Uncle Tan had no qualms about extending his help in nurturing school children in the field of environmental education. And while he knows that teaching is never easy, and can be a slow and long term process, Uncle Tan is far from discouraged. In fact, he has undertaken several major projects, namely the Green Model Concept Schools and Youth and Environment, yet another environmental education project for youths to foster closer ties with the environment. Apart from this, he was also deeply involved in the promotion of the 'greening of schools', training teacher trainers themselves and conducting environmental education across the curriculum.
Perhaps Uncle Tan's most significant contribution would be his efforts to promote environmental consciousness among the Chinese through talks and activities in cooperation with the Federation of Chinese Associations in Malaysia. For Uncle Tan, an educator has to assume several roles when working with people. Thus, one truly needs to know one's target audience and how to deal with different people, in different situations, which Uncle Tan finds most challenging.
While some people may think that environmental education is merely for boring people, Uncle Tan seems to make people think otherwise. Over the years, he creatively gathered exciting environmental games and activities that provide visual and experiential knowledge to teachers and students alike. Uncle Tan feels that people need to have first-hand knowledge of nature and the threats that it faces, in order to inspire them to support an environmental cause.
So far, Uncle Tan has traveled to as far as China, Hong Kong, Nepal, Thailand and Sri Lanka to continue his mission as an educator. He was even invited to share his unique teaching techniques at the Asia-Pacific Education Programmes of WWF International.
In his years with WWF, he admits that one of his greatest achievements took place in February this year when the project he and his team worked on received a certificate of Meritorious Achievement "Spirit of the Land" Award which was presented at the Winter Olympics Environmental Awards ceremony. Known as Promoting Curriculum Reform in Malaysia, the project aims to integrate environmental education in Malaysia's education curriculum by working closely with the government and other stakeholders.
And how does this former educator maintain his vibrant youthfulness? "How, by being born again and being thankful," says Uncle Tan
Protecting our Turtle Heritage
The number of marine turtles in existence in the world today have been so drastically reduced over the last few decades that it has become a priority in animal conservation programmes. For some time now, governments and multinational corporations have collaborated their efforts to make people more aware of these gentle giants' plight, and to institute programmes that will improve the odds of more turtles surviving to adulthood.
Of the more than thirty species that have existed since the age of the dinosaurs, only seven have survived till today. Of these, only four species choose to nest on Malaysian beaches. Two of these species (i.e. the Leatherback and the Olive Ridley) are close to extinction. They need your help fast if we wish to leave these gentle giants as a legacy for our future generations.
A recent effort in marine turtle conservation is the setting up of the Ma' Daerah Turtle Sanctuary Centre, at a 1.7km-long secluded beach located between Paka and Kertih in Terengganu. This is part of an important green turtle nesting beach that stretches some 10km long. The Centre is funded by BP Petronas Acetyls Sdn Bhd, which sponsored the construction cost, while BP Amoco sponsored the Centre's public education and awareness programmes. Both stakeholders have manufacturing facilities based in Kertih.
Since the establishment of the Ma' Daerah Sanctuary Centre, about 350 green turtle nests, laid at the Ma' Daerah beach. The area is not open to the public as it is not easily accessible, being surrounded by hills. However, visitors may go on organised camps assisting researchers as volunteers.
The local communities believed turtle eggs have aphrodisiac value although there is no evidence to suggest so. Now, because of conservation programmes, their eggs are collected and reburied at hatcheries. It's ironic that turtles, which have existed since the time of dinosaurs have survived this long only to become almost extinct at the hands of humans.The turtles are facing many threats. Among them are:
- Commercial exploitation of eggs by local communities.
- Adult turtle mortalities and injuries related to fisheries activities, including incidental capture in fishing gear.
- Loss of nesting habitats caused by construction of barriers to the beach and clearing of coastal vegetation for infrastructure and tourism development.
- Pollution of marine waters by off-shore and land-based industries that pollute their feeding habitats.
- pollution of marine waters by solid waste disposal. Turtle mistake certain types of garbage as food and die from eating these.
Here is a list on what you can do to help turtle conservation efforts:
- Do not eat turtle eggs or buy any products made from any part of the turtle
- Lobby the local authorities to improve conservation legislation and the establishment of sanctuaries.
- Don't throw rubbish into the sea, especially plastic bags, as turtles often mistake them for food.
- Don't destroy the turtles' natural habitat, including coral reefs particularly if you snorkle.
- Adopt a nest in the Adopt-a-Nest programme to help increase the number of hatchlings produced and their chances of survival.
- Participate in volunteer camps where you can learn to monitor turtle landings, help to collect, transfer and rebury turtle eggs, release hatchlings and learn about the ecology of Malaysia's marine turtle.
- Obey the rules and regulations at turtle sanctuaries.
TIGER, TIGER BURNING 'BLIGHT'
The tiger has been a prominent figure in many cultures. In the Hindu Epic of Rama and Sita, the tiger served Hanuman, the Hindu Monkey God during his expedition to save Sita. In China, people interpreted the markings of the forehead of the tiger as the pictogram Wang, meaning "King", and honored it accordingly. A boy born in the Year of the Tiger is believed to have the power to ward off evil. In 1998, the big cat was chosen as the symbol for the Olympic Games in Seoul, Korea.
However, this magnificent and gracious species is close to extinction! There were eight sub-species of the tiger, but three went extinct this century alone. This means that tigers could be disappearing at the rate of one a day!
Although tigers live secretly in dense forests, their biggest threat is man. Poaching or illegal killing of tigers, is considered as one of the main threat to the survival of this majestic cat. In Malaysia, habitat loss, and increased trade in tiger parts (for ornaments or consumption purposes) puts the big cat at greater risk than ever through its entire range spread over South and Southeast Asia. Find out more about WWF Malaysia's role in tiger conservation.
What WWF Do?
WWF Malaysia's work within the forest habitat includes studying and protecting wildlife species. One of our projects is a tiger-human conflict resolution study in Felda Jerangau Barat, Terengganu where these big cats are shot every day!
Yes we shoot tigers, on heat-sensored infra red cameras that are placed on trees and secured by thick cables. When the big cats cross the paths, their body heat triggers the cameras to snap quick portraits. Known as camera trapping, individual tigers are identified based on their unique stripe patterns. All tigers have their own unique stripes which means we can individually identify the tiger (like DNA fingerprinting) to determine the tiger population in the area.
Other criteria used to look for signs of a tiger's presence are pug marks (paw prints), tiger scratches on tree trunks, scrapes on the ground and any faecal indicators.
What is the tiger-human conflict all about?
WWF Malaysia works closely with the kampung folks to address human-tiger conflicts. This problem has seen farmers losing their cattle to tigers that wander into human settlements to look for food. Clearing of the forests for agriculture or human settlements have left the tigers with very little space to hunt and live (A male tiger would require an area with a 40 - 100 km radius to roam). As a result, the cattle become easy prey for the tiger especially if the cattle are left unattended. Unfortunately, some farmers shoot
|
6 | 0 | 0 |
锁合锁紧装置具有显著的优势：卓越的夹持力、极其紧凑的结构和最佳活塞长度适用于所有应用。
CyLock和CyStop锁紧气缸使技术上巧妙和简化的解决方案能够应用在广泛的工业领域中。对于生产过程，这意味着：降低了设计、成本和生产费用，最大限度地减少了故障敏感性和较长的生产周期。
世界各地和各行各业的客户都对此表示赞赏：
- 工具和模具制造
- 机床制造
- 通用机床和特殊机器制造
- 汽车行业<|endoftext|>Se ti dicono che l’amore è un sogno,
sogna pure ma non stupirti se ti svegli piangendo.
Jim Morrison
immagina due mani ardenti
che si incontrano,
due sguardi perduti l’uno nell’altro,
due cuori che tremano
di fronte all’immensità di un sentimento,
e poche parole
per rendere eterno un istante.<|endoftext|>What is the nature of reality? At the root of our society's deepest political and cultural divisions are the conflicting principles of four global worldviews. While each of us holds to some version of one of these worldviews, we are often unconscious of their differences as well as their underlying assumptions. Mary Poplin argues that the ultimate test of a worldview, philosophy or ideology is whether it corresponds with reality. Since different perspectives conflict with each other, how do we make sense of the differences? And if a worldview system accurately reflects reality, what implications does that have for our thinking and living? In this wide-ranging and perceptive study, Poplin examines four major worldviews: naturalism, humanism, pantheism and Judeo-Christian theism. She explores the fundamental assumptions of each, pressing for limitations. Ultimately she puts each perspective to the test, asking, what if this worldview is true? If reality is secular, that means something for how we orient our lives. But if reality is not best explained by secular perspectives, that would mean something quite different. Consider for yourself what is the fundamental substance of reality.<|endoftext|>Coleman was born into slavery early in the 1830s, probably in North Carolina. The names of his parents are not known. He grew up on a Person County farm owned by William Bailey, who later sold him to Joseph Pointer, another county farmer who owned sixty-seven slaves in 1860 and who may have brought him to Virginia. Coleman. He was married, probably by 1858, to a woman named Amanda, a Tennessee native, born about 1839, whose maiden name is not recorded. They had at least one son. It is not known when or under what circumstances Coleman secured his freedom nor when he came to Virginia. His name first appears in the Halifax County tax records in 1869, and by the next year he was working as a carpenter. In June 1872 he bought at public auction 150 acres of land, for which he paid $982.50. The county court approved the deed and conveyed it to him in March 1875.
In 1871 Coleman finished second in a field of seven candidates and won election as one of three Radical Republicans representing Halifax County in the House of Delegates. Serving in three sessions from December 6, 1871, to April 2, 1873, he sat on the Committee on Asylums and Prisons. Coleman supported an unsuccessful attempt to repeal an 1870 act that authorized chain gangs and voted with the minority to sustain a bill to prevent punishment by whipping. He sponsored a bill authorizing Halifax County residents to vote on purchasing a local bridge in order to eliminate its tolls, introduced a resolution petitioning Congress to set aside public lands for the education of African Americans living in the South, and proposed that the Committee on Schools and Colleges admit to white public schools all children of white fathers. In 1872 Coleman and othertraveled to Washington, D.C., where they met with the president and sought his support for a civil rights bill then in Congress.
Of major concern to Coleman and the other House members was the crushing state debt created during the antebellum period to finance internal improvements.were divided on how to pay the debt. One faction, called Funders, advocated full payment to preserve the state’s honor and credit rating, while Readjusters proposed paying only a portion and funneling remaining resources to distressed sectors of Virginia society. The controversial Funding Act, passed in March 1871 to remedy the fiscal crisis, only deepened the state’s financial woes. Coleman was on authorized leave when the House voted on December 15, 1871, to suspend the act, but on January 5, 1872, he voted with the majority in favor of a joint resolution to discontinue the issuance of bonds for funding the public debt. He voted with the majority on March 2 to override the governor‘s veto and pass a bill prohibiting the use of bond coupons to pay taxes and debts, thereby repealing a key provision of the Funding Act. Coleman did not stand for reelection in 1873. In November of that year he sat on a Halifax jury.
In August 1875 Coleman served on the Resolutions Committee at a Richmond convention called by black legislators to address the lack of jobs. About one hundred African American delegates from across the state formed a short-lived Laboring Men’s Mechanics’ Union Association, adopted a resolution supporting readjustment of the state debt, and called for better educational opportunities for black children. In November 1875 Coleman unsuccessfully ran for another term in the House of Delegates but finished fourth in a field of six candidates. He did not again seek a seat in the General Assembly.
Although Coleman apparently did not hold any county offices, he remained politically active. Like many other African Americans, he abandoned the declining Republican Party and joined the. Led by the former Confederate general , the Readjusters broke with Conservatives, formed their own party, and at an 1884 convention declared themselves the new Republican Party of Virginia. Coleman was elected chair of the Halifax County Republican Party, and on May 11, 1888, he attended a meeting of Sixth District Republicans at Liberty (later Bedford City), in Bedford County. He campaigned on behalf of Patrick Henry McCaull, the district’s nominee for the House of Representatives, and corresponded with Mahone on how best to manage party affairs, but McCaull lost the November election.
In June 1883 Amanda Coleman died of consumption (probably tuberculosis), and by April 1888 Coleman had married a woman named Mary, whose surname is undocumented. Asa Coleman last appears in the public record on February 24, 1893, when he deeded to his wife and his other heirs his remaining eighty-nine acres, his house, furniture, all personal property, and a cow and a calf. The date and circumstances of his death are not known. He was buried in the Coleman family cemetery near Virgilina, in Halifax County, but his grave marker is no longer legible.<|endoftext|>Bizim ürünleri seviyorum? Bizim destek bir fan? Marka için aşkını paylaşmak ister misiniz?
Biz sadece geribildirim seviyorum ve sizden duymak isteriz! Geribildirim her bit sayar ve bize ürün ve hizmet kalitesini artırmaya yardımcı olur. Biz en iyisini hak çünkü ReviverSoft müşteri olarak deneyimini geliştirmek için daha çok çalışmaya söz veriyorum. Öyleyse devam edin ve biz ne yaptığını söyle!<|endoftext|>Hepinizin bilmediği üzere (evet, bilmediği) Melanie Martinez'in Cry Baby adlı albümünün son şarkısının klibi yakında yayınlanacak.
Öncelikle Türkçesi "Ağlak Bebek" olan Cry Baby albümünden kısaca bahsedelim. Bu albümde, çok duygulu ve deyim yerindeyse sulu gözlü bir kız olan Cry Baby'nin yaşadığı olaylar anlatılıyor. Albüm boyunca kızcağızın başına gelmeyen şey kalmıyor! Şimdi, bunlara göz atalım.
Babası, annesini aldattı. Erkek kardeşi uyuşturucu bağımlısı oldu. Ona da bir köşeye çekilip sessizce ağlamak kaldı.
Şarkı: Dollhouse (Türkçesi: Oyuncak bebek evi)
Alkolik annesi bir gece kendini kaybetti. Hem kocasını hem de kocasının metresini öldürdü! Cry Baby tamamen kimsesiz kaldı.
Şarkı: Sippy Cup (Biberon)
Peki, hiç mi iyi bir şey olmadı? Bir çocukla tanıştı ve aşık oldu.
Şarkı: Carousel (Atlıkarınca)
Lakin çocuk onu sevmiyordu, yalnızca kendi egosunu tatmin etmek için kullanıyordu. Cry Baby bunu fark etti.
Şarkı: Alphabet Boy (Abece çocuk)
En iyi arkadaşına aşık oldu. Ancak bunu açıklamaya utandı ve korktu. Yine sessizce acı çekti, ağladı.
Şarkı: Soap (Sabun)
Sonunda aşkını itiraf etti. Arkadaşı da ona olumlu yanıt verdi. Cry Baby ilk kez gerçekten mutlu olduğunu hissetti. Hayatının en güzel dönemlerini yaşıyordu. Peki, bu mutluluk kalıcı mıydı?
Şarkı: Training Wheels (Yardımcı tekerlekler)
Sevgilisini ve 'yakın bir kız arkadaşını' doğum günü partisine davet etti. Fakat ikisi de gelmedi. Cry Baby yalnızlığına isyan etti. Ağladı, ağladı, ağladı...
Şarkı: Pity Party (Acınası Parti)
Bu arada kızcağızı koruyacak hiç kimse yok. Baba mezarda, anne hapiste, erkek kardeşin nerede olduğu belli değil. Cry Baby'nin savunmasızlığını fark eden bir adam onu kaçırır ve ona tecavüz eder.
Şarkı: Tag, You're It (Ebe sensin)
Sapık adam onu bırakmaz, evine hapseder. Cry Baby'e taciz ve tecavüzde bulunur. Ayrıca onu bir hizmetçi gibi kullanmaya başlar. Ancak bir gün Cry Baby'nin şansı yaver gider ve adamı bozuk yemeklerle zehirleyerek kaçar. Büyük bir olasılıkla onu öldürmüştür. Gencecik yaşında, bir katil olmadığı kalmıştı...
Şarkı: Milk and Cookies (Süt ve kurabiyeler)
Evine geri döndüğünde sevgilisinin ve 'yakın kız arkadaşının' yeni bir ilişkiye yelken açtıklarını görür. Hem sevgilisi hem de dostu ona ihanet etmiştir. Zaten yokluğunu hiç kimse umursamamıştır.
Şarkı: Pacify Her (Onu sakinleştir)
Cry Baby tüm öz güvenini kaybeder. Çok çirkin ve değersiz biri olduğunu düşünmeye başlar. Kendinden nefret eder. Ancak kendiyle baş başa kaldığı süreç boyunca sürekli düşünür...
Şarkı: Mrs. Potato Head (Bayan patates kafa)
...Ve sıra geldi Mad Hatter'a yani deli şapkacıya! Cry Baby yaşadığı olaylar ve yalnızlığı sebebiyle aklını kaçırır. Fakat bu delirme onu eskisinden daha güçlü ve mutlu bir insana dönüştürür.
Arkadaşlarım yürümez, koşar.
Eğlence için tavşan deliklerinde çıplak yüzer.
Patlatırlar, balonları silahlarla patlatırlar, helyumla kafayı bulurlar.
Beyaz gülleri kırmızıya boyarız.
Başka bir insanın kafasından her bir gölge...
Ve bu rüya, rüya bir katil.
Mavi tırtılla sarhoş oluruz.
Yüzümdeki deriyi soyuyorum.
Çünkü güvende olmaktan gerçekten nefret ediyorum.
Normaller, onlar beni ürkütüyor.
Deliler, onlar beni aklı başında hissettiriyor.
Kaçığım, bebeğim, deliyim.
Sahip olabileceğin en çılgın arkadaş...
Psikopat olduğumu düşünüyorsun, gitmiş olduğumu düşünüyorsun.
Psikiyatriste bir sorun olduğunu söyle.
Virajın sonunda, tamamen çakırkeyfim.
Beni en çok kontrolden çıktığımda seviyorsun.
Sana bir sır vereyim, paniğe kapılmış değilim.
Deliysem ne olmuş yani? En iyi insanlar öyle.
En iyi insanların tümü deli, en iyi insanların tümü...
Reçetem nerede?
Doktor, doktor lütfen dinle.
Beynim dağınık.
Sen Alice olabilirsin,
Ben deli şapkacı olacağım!
Mad Hatter'ın klibini sabırsızlıkla bekliyorum. Umarım Melanie -her zamanki gibi- orijinal ve iyi bir şeyler yapar!<|endoftext|>款冬白绢病
重点介绍款冬白绢病 的发生规律及防治方法，希望你对款冬白绢病 有一个深入的了解，帮助你以后遇到款冬白绢病 知道怎么处理。
名称：款冬白绢病
学名：Prgeria Sinica Moore
类属：鳞翅目斑蛾科
病源
SclerotiumrolfsiiSacc.称齐整小核菌，属半知菌亚门真菌。有性态为Atheliaolfsii(Curzi)Tu.＆Kimbrough．称罗氏阿太菌，属担子菌亚门真菌。在PDA培养基上菌丝体白色，茂盛，呈辐射状扩展；菌丝粗2-8um，分枝不成直角，具隔膜。菌核初为乳白色，后变浅黄色至茶褐色或棕褐色，球形至卵圆形，大小1-2mm，表面光滑有光泽。菌核由3层细胞组成，外层棕褐色，表皮层下为假薄壁组织，中间为疏丝组织。菌核不与菌丝联结，很易脱落。
分布与危害
款冬TussilagofarfaraL．别名冬花，属菊科多年生草本药用植物，以其花蕾入药，具润肺、止咳、化痰之功效，华北、西北、四川、河南、湖南均有栽培。白绢病是款冬生产上常见病害，各地广泛发生，危害严重。
形态特征
幼虫：老熟幼虫体长15-18mm．体粗短，圆筒形。初孵幼虫淡黄色．老熟后黑色。胸腹部淡黄绿色。前胸背板中央有一对椭圆形黑斑，呈“八”形排列，在其两侧各有一圆点。臀板中央有一“凸”字形黑斑，两侧各有一长圆形黑班。腹气门8对．圆形黑色。蛹扁平，黄褐色，长9-11mm。体表仍保留有7条不明显的褐色纵纹。腹部各节前缘有一列排列整齐的小刺，末端具臀刺两枚。茧丝质，灰白色或黄褐色，扁平，呈瓜子状，周围有白色的丝质膜。
成虫：体长约8～12毫米，翅展约25～30毫米。前翅半透明，基部黄色，其余部分灰黑色。胸部两侧及腹部末端生有黄毛，其余部分生有黑褐色长毛。雄蛾触角羽毛状，雌蛾触角栉齿状，体型较大。卵椭圆形，淡褐色，上被胶质和雌蛾脱落的腹毛。幼虫：老熟幼虫体长约16毫米，淡黄绿色，头部黑色，背上有7条平行的黑线，身体各节密被白色短毛。蛹：长8～10毫米，卵形，初时黄白色，后变褐色，腹部背面亦有7条黑色纵纹。茧：长约14毫米，宽约6毫米，近椭圆形，灰褐色。
发生规律
病菌以菌核在地表或含有病残物的肥料中越冬。翌年温湿度适宜时，从菌核中长出菌丝侵染桑苗茎基部，后病部又长出菌丝沿土缝匍匐蔓延至邻近植株或病健株直接接触进行再侵染。发病适温为30-35℃4该病在南方桑树栽培区易发病。生产中用塑料薄膜保温保湿的沙藏预措插条易发病。苗圃地连作的发病重。
防治方法
（1）农业防治。
①重病田实行轮作。
②加强栽培管理。
选择高燥地块种植；科学肥水管理，培育壮苗；采用干净的河边沙预措插条能减少或控制其发病。
（2）药剂防治。
栽种前进行插条消毒，可用50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍液或50%甲基硫菌灵可湿粉600倍液，将沙喷湿喷透，再用塑料薄膜盖7-8天进行沙藏预处理插条；也可把沙藏后的插条用上述杀菌剂浸泡20-30分钟，都能减少白绢病的发生。
白绢病发病初期，可用国光三抗（30%恶霉灵）1000倍液或国光根灵（70%敌磺钠）800倍液根部浇灌进行防治。
-
陈村桔褐带长卷蛾
重点介绍陈村桔褐带长卷蛾的发生规律及防治方法，希望你对陈村桔褐带长卷蛾有一个深入的了解，帮助你以后遇到陈村桔褐带长卷蛾知道怎么处理。名称：陈村桔褐带长卷蛾学名：Aspidiotus destructor Signoret 类属：同翅目 盾蚧科 分布与危害受危害时田间常见新梢嫩叶残缺不全、缀合成苞，落蕾、落花。幼虫蛀
-
黄山贡菊斜纹夜蛾
重点介绍黄山贡�
|
6 | 0 | 1 |
درون حزبي آغاز شد، چراهايي مطرح شد؛ مانند: چرا حزب از جرياني كه به اين سادگي از بين رفت حمايت كرد، چرا متكي به شوروي بود و چراهاي فراوان ديگر، در درون رهبري حزب نيز خليل ملكي سردمدار انتقاد شد، بعد از شكست فرقه دموكرات او تندتر از ديگران در موضع انتقاد قرار گرفت. به ياد دارم آن زمان در كلوپ مركزي حزب (واقع در خيابان فردوسي)، زحمتكشان گروه گروه روي نيمكتها مينشستند و يكي از رهبران حزب به ايرادها و انتقادهاي افراد پاسخ ميداد. اما خليل ملكي و تعدادي از روشنفكران حزب از جمله جلال آل احمد (كه عضو حزب و جزو روشنفكران حزب بود) فكر ديگري را در سر داشتند و عنوان «اصلاح طلبان» برخود نهاده بودند، اما درصدد قبضه كردن رهبري حزب بودند. چگونگي اين روند بسيار جالب است. در آن ايام دكتر بقايي مظهر مبارزه با حزب توده ايران بود و به توصيه سفارت امريكا حزب «زحمتكشان» را به وجود آورد، سپس خليل ملكي، جلال آل احمد و همراهانشان به اين حزب پيوستند، بعد از آن به علت شرايطي كه قوام السلطنه در ماجراي 30 تير 1331 به وجود آورد و پيامي كه توسط «اسپهبدي» از جانب بقايي به قوام السلطنه رساند و با او تماس گرفت و... هنگامي كه ملكي و دوستانش از بقايي راجع به اين اقدام توضيح خواستند به گفته آل احمد، او با پس گردني آن ها را از حزب بيرون انداخت، سپس وجهه ملي آن ها گل كرد و شدند نيروي سوم، به دنبال آن خليل ملكي «جامعه سوسياليستها» را به وجود آورد و جلال آل احمد كه مدتها بود از سياست كنار كشيده بود نيز كم كم متحول شد و به دنبال مسافرتي كه به مكه كرد كتاب «خسي در ميقات» را نوشت و بعد از بازگشت از مكه يك مسلمان تمام عيار شد.
- جلال آل احمد جزو نيروهاي حزب توده بود؟
عموئی: جزو نيروهاي روشنفكر و راديكال حزب بود.
- شما هم با آل احمد همكاري داشتيد؟
عموئی: همكاري نزديك نداشتم، اما از نوشتههايش خوشم ميآمد، آن ها خيلي فعال بودند. به هر حال آل احمد بعدها پاي خود را عقب كشيد و حتي از گروه ملكي نيز خارج شد. به قول خودش در واقع پاي خود را از سياست كنار كشيد و در خط ادبيات، كارهاي فرهنگي و نوشتن كتاب و... افتاد و سپس هم به سمت كانون نويسندگان رفت.
- گروه ملكي موسوم به گروه سوم چگونه به وجود آمد؟
عموئی: پس از شكست آذربايجان و بالا گرفتن انتقادات در درون حزب، خليل ملكي كه عضو كميسيون تفتيش حزب و از چهرههاي نسبتا بارز و يكي از معلمان درون حزب بود كه كتاب معروف پلخانف «نقش شخصيت در تاريخ» را ترجمه كرده بود كه همگان استفاده ميكردند همچنين معلم كلاسهاي كادر هم بود همراه با شماري از روشنفكران دست به انشعاب زدند و از حزب جدا شدند. جدا شدن ملكي از حزب بسياري از روشنفكران حزب را با خود همراه كرد، اين عده ابتدا خود را گروه «اصلاحطلب درون حزب» ناميدند و نسبت به سياست اكثريت رهبري حزب انتقاد داشتند و خواستار تغييرات جدي در تركيب رهبري حزب و سياستگذاريهاي آن بودند.
- اين افراد دقيقا چه كساني بودند؟
عموئی: بخشي از روشنفكران حزب، كساني چون جلال آل احمد، انور خامهيي، دكتر خنجي، مهندس زاوش، ابراهيم گلستان، مهندس زنجاني، حسين ملك در كنار خليل ملكي به انشعاب از حزب دست زدند. دكتر اپريم هم در همين زمان از حزب كناره گرفت اما با انشعابيون ملكي نبود. او معتقد به سازماندهي يك هسته محدود كمونيستي به نام «آوانگارد» بود. كتابي به نام «چه بايد كرد» نوشت و سپس به انگلستان رفت. اين افراد تحت عنوان اصلاحطلبان حزب در واقع خواهان انشعاب نبودند و فكر ميكردند با دامن زدن به موج نارضايي در داخل حزب خواهند توانست رهبري حزب را قبضه كنند، اما با آشكار شدن نيات شان به ناچار خود را «جمعيت سوسياليست ايران» بيان كردند. آن ها در حقيقت ميخواستند عليه رهبري حزب كودتا كنند و رهبري را در دست بگيرند. زيرا رهبري حزب در آن زمان در موقعيت ضعيفي قرار داشت و از همه طرف در معرض اتهام، فشارهاي دروني و فشارهاي حكومتي بود و اين وضع با خروج تعداد قابل توجهي از رهبران حزب از كشور همزمان بود. اين گروه ابتدا خود را بهعنوان اصلاح گر مطرح كردند، لذا بسياري از منتقدان درون حزب به خصوص قشر روشنفكر حزب، جذب آن شدند. البته زحمتكشان به سمت آن نرفتند و فقط روشنفكران بودند كه به اين سمت رفتند. به گمان من بسياري از انتقادات انشعابيون درست بود، اما عملكرد آنان نادرست بود. اگر اصلاحطلب بودند بايد ميماندند و اصلاح ميكردند نه اين كه راه كينهتوزي را در پيش بگيرند.
- در واقع به نوعي يك حزب اليت گرا شد؟
عموئی: حزب نه ولي جرياني از اين قبيل. بله. زيرا روشنفكراني چون جلال آلاحمد، دكتر رحيم عابدي، مهندس زاوش، مهندس زنجاني، انورخامهيي، ابراهيم گلستان هسته اصلي انشعاب بودند. راديو مسكو انشعاب را محكوم كرد بر اين مبنا كه اصلا در تاريخ جنبش ماركسيستي، انشعاب به هر بهانه و با هر شكلي، تضعيف جنبش است. تعداد زيادي كه به اتحاد شوروي اعتماد داشتند، دوباره به حزب برگشتند. در نتيجه اين آقايان اصلا اعلاميه خود را عوض كردند و اين بار حزب را منحرف خواندند و گفتند كه ميخواهند راه ديگري در پيش گيرند. ابتدا در فكر اين بودند كه در چه سازماني حضور به هم برسانند. مدتي تنها به كار مطبوعاتي پرداختند و در روزنامه «شاهد» مينوشتند. تا زماني كه دكتر بقايي حزب زحمتكشان را تشكيل داد لذا به آن حزب ملحق شدند. فعاليت آن ها درون حزب زحمتكشان ادامه داشت و اين در شرايطي بود كه دكتر بقايي از قوامالسلطنه فاصله گرفته و به دكتر مصدق نزديك شده بود. فعاليتش آن چنان چشمگير بود كه اگر قرار بود نسبت به شخصيتهاي درون مليون داوري شود، بعد از دكتر محمد مصدق نام دكتر مظفر بقايي مطرح ميشد. او و شماري از اعضاي بعدي جبهه ملي چون مكي، حائري زاده، احمد ملكي و عباس خليلي زير عنوان «كميسيون مطبوعاتي جبهه ملي» با سفارت امريكا نشست و برخاست داشتند. بقايي سخنراني متبحر، بسيار فعال، توانا در بسيج و ارگانيزه كردن افراد و اوباش بود. پس از شكل گيري جبهه ملي و زماني كه براي مساله انتخابات عده ای از چهرههاي ملي (19 نفر) در معيشت دكتر مصدق جلوي كاخ مرمر رفتند و تحصن اختيار كردند تا تضمين داده شود كه انتخابات، انتخاباتي آزاد خواهد بود، بقايي در بين آن ها جايگاه معتبري كسب كرده بود. اما پس از خودداري دكتر مصدق از پذيرفتن پيشنهاد امريكا، چهره واقعي بقايي، مكي، حائري زاده و بسياري از اعضاي نخستين جبهه ملي افشا شد. آن ها به ويژه پس از 30 تير 1331 در جبهه درباريان جاي گرفتند و به صورت فعال ترين دشمنان جبهه ملي درآمدند.
بر مبل لمیده گان، منتقد
شکنجه دیدگان کودتا شدند!
(13)
- در اين دوره موضع حزب چگونه بود؟
عموئی: اين دقيقا زماني است كه حزب توده ايران به بازبيني سياستهاي خود نسبت به نهضت ملي شدن نفت، به ويژه نسبت به دولت ملي مصدق پرداخته بود. كتاب «تاريخچه واقعي جبهه ملي» به قلم احمد ملكي كه خود از جمله همكاران اوليه جبهه ملي بود، چهره واقعي آن مرتدان نسبت به جنبش را تا حدود زيادي برملا ميكند.
- پلنومهاي بعدي حزب توده چگونه تشكيل شد؟
عموئی: از پلنوم چهارم تا پلنوم شانزدهم، همه در دوران مهاجرت رهبري حزب در خارج از كشور برگزار شد. چرا كه فعاليت گسترده و حضور تمامي رهبري پس از كودتا و دستگيري و ضربه ای كه بر سازمان نظامي حزب وارد شد، غيرممكن شده بود. سازمانهاي حزب بعد از دستگيري اعضاي سازمان نظامي يكي بعد از ديگري لو رفتند. شمار بسياري از اعضا و هواداران حزب بازداشت شدند و در دادگاههاي نظامي محاكمه، بسياري از اعضا اعم از نظامي و غيرنظامي به جوخههاي آتش سپرده شدند و شمار بيشتري به زندانهاي سنگين محكوم شدند. بازماندههاي اعضاي حزب تا مدتي امكان پيوند با يكديگر و نيز با مركز حزب كه ديگر به خارج از كشور انتقال يافته بود را نمييافتند.
در اين سالهاي سياه است كه شهرت حمام لشگر 2 زرهي و قزل قلعه همه گير ميشود. گرچه فرزندان مومن و وفادار حزب در زير شكنجههاي استخوان سوز و جهنمي دژخيمان حكومت كودتا قهرمانيها كردند و نمونههاي نماديني از مقاومت و پايداري را به نمايش گذاشتند اما دستگاه شيطاني امنيتي رژيم باهدايت مستشاران امريكايي و اسراييلي چنان فضاي پليسي رعب انگيزي در سراسر كشور ايجاد كرده بودند كه عملا كوششهايي كه براي تجديد سازمان حزب به عمل ميآمد ناكام ميماند و منجر به دستگيري فعالان ميشد. دشمن با ايجاد شبكههايي از ماموران خود و همكاري پاره ای خائنين، دامهايي بر سر راههواداران قرار ميداد و شماري از مشتاقان به فعاليت تشكيلاتي را كه زير نام «گروههاي هوادار حزب» فعاليت ميكردند، شناسايي كرده و دستگير ميكرد و بدين ترتيب شبكههاي حزب يكي بعد از ديگري زير ضربه قرار گرفتند و زندانها مملو از توده ای ها شد. اين روند تا اواخر دوره 40 همچنان ادامه پيدا كرد. فرنگ رفتههايي كه بر مبل مينشستند و كتاب و مقاله مينوشتند و بيپروا به حزب ميتاختند طعم تلخ شكنجهها و ضربات ساواك را نچشيده بودند و از كنار گود «لنگش كن» سر دادند. در نتيجه رهبري حزب به كلي به خارج از كشور منتقل شد. تلاش افسانه وار خسرو روزبه براي تجديد سازمان حزب، دستگيري، محاكمه، مدافعات تاريخي و شهادت قهرمانانهاش برگ زريني از تاريخ مبارزات مردم اين سرزمين است. اندكي پس از اعدام روزبه (21 ارديبهشت 37) متن دفاعياتش از سوي حزب چاپ و منتشر شد كه در آن روزهاي سياه به صورت ستاره ای راهنما هدايت گر جواناني شد كه به راه حزب و در خدمت خلق ميرفتند.
مقاله در فرمات PDF :<|endoftext|>|Questa pagina è stata trascritta e formattata, ma deve essere riletta.|
|374||Storia dell’Arte greca presso i Romani ec.|
§. 31. Nelle grandi opere però, ch’eseguir fece quest’imperatore, par che non abbia avuta nessuna parte la Grecia, nè ivi aveano i greci artisti alcuna occasione d’esercitarsi, poichè probabilmente in niuna greca città furono erette altre statue fuorchè quelle de’ cesari1. Che se pur talora volean onorare alcuno colla statua, ricorreano a quelle de’ celebri uomini dell’antichità, e contentavansi di cangiarne l’iscrizione; per la qual cosa sotto una statua rappresentante un eroe greco, a dispetto della dissomiglianza, incideano il nome d’un romano pretore, o di altra persona qualunque. Tale incongruenza ebbe a rinfacciare ai Rodj Dione Grisostomo che viveva a que’ tempi2.
- A Trajano furono erette delle statue in marmo pario da tutte le città della Grecia. Pausania loc. cit.
- Orat. 31.
mezzo più facile di fare delle irruzioni nelle terre soggette all’impero, come narra lo stesso Dione. Apollodoro, di cui si e parlato qui avanti, ne fu l’architetto. Tzetze Chil. 2. hist. 34. v. 82. segg. Aggiugne questo poeta vers. 94. segg., che vi erano scrittori, i quali dicevano, che Trajano avesse le orecchie da caprone. Egli crede però, che tal racconto dovesse intendersi allegoricamente, o perchè quest’imperatore fosse petulante come un caprone, o perchè andasse una volta per luoghi dirupati, e scoscesi ad assaltare i nemici sul solo fondamento di aver inteso dire in Roma che vi fossero. Infatti nelle teste di Trajano non v’è alcun indizio di un simil difetto.
|LI-|<|endoftext|>免疫治疗领域近年来有了不少新进展，比如改造 T 细胞用于过继细胞治疗。这些成果有望引入更有效的抗癌策略，但也存在许多限制。比如，T 细胞在制造和操控上仍然具有挑战性，也就是说，人们很难在短时间内生产大量的治疗性 T 细胞。
西班牙的研究人员近日设计出一种新型的水凝胶（hydrogel），可大规模培养 T 淋巴细胞。这些水凝胶可模拟淋巴结，让 T 细胞得以扩增，因此带来了很高的细胞增殖率。这项成果发表在《Biomaterials》在线版上。
研究人员已经向欧洲专利局提交了专利申请，希望早日将这项新技术引入医院。他们还启动了一个项目，计划以 3D 方式打印这些新型水凝胶，从而将其快速推向市场。
癌症免疫疗法的原理是利用和增强患者的免疫系统，使其能识别并对抗肿瘤细胞，而不会损害健康组织。过继细胞治疗（adoptive cell therapy）是从患者体内提取 T 细胞，对其进行修饰使其活性更强，然后在扩增后将其注射会患者体内。
巴塞罗那材料科学研究所的 Judith Guasch 认为：“这种个性化疗法虽然非常新颖，但其作用似乎比目前的肿瘤疗法更持久。不过，它的应用受到细胞培养基的限制，因为人们无法在短时间内制造出一定量的治疗性 T 细胞。”
本研究中的 3D 水凝胶由广泛用于生物医学的聚乙二醇（PEG）和抗凝剂肝素制备而成。其中，聚乙二醇提供了 T 细胞生长所必需的结构和机械性能，而肝素则用于锚定不同的生物分子，比如细胞因子 CCL21，这种蛋白质存在于淋巴结中，在细胞迁移和增殖中起主要作用。
与其他的扩增系统相比，水凝胶的 3D 结构及其负载能力能够促进原代 CD4 T 细胞的增殖。因此，研究人员认为这种新工具可用于过继细胞治疗，它通过模拟淋巴结来产生大量 T 细胞，从而实现癌细胞的靶向治疗。
为了将此技术推向市场，巴塞罗那材料科学研究所和加泰罗尼亚理工大学的研究人员近日申请了一个项目，其目的是大规模打印与临床生物反应器兼容的 3D 水凝胶，以便以更加有效的方式扩增 T 细胞。
研究人员将在实验室开发原型，并开展首批实验，以进行临床阶段的验证。他们正在寻找生物医学和制药公司的合作伙伴，并有意创建一家分公司来转让这项技术，希望将其早日引入医院。（生物通 薄荷）
原文检索
CCL21-loaded 3D hydrogels for T cell expansion and differentiation
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120313
声明：本网所有文章（包括图片和音视频资料）系出于传递更多信息之目的，且明确注明来源和作者，不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系(firstname.lastname@example.org )，我们将立即进行删除处理。所有文章仅代表作者观点，不代表本站立场。<|endoftext|>Coral Gables
|
6 | 0 | 2 |
ن خواهد ماند؛ از تصمیم توپراک آگاه هستم
مدیر ورزشی شیرها خبر از ماندن قطعی چیچاریتو در لورکوزن می دهد.
دیروز در جریان هفته هفدهم بوندس لیگا تیم های لورکوزن و هرتابرلین به مصاف هم رفتند که در پایان مردان روگر اشمیت با نتیجه 3-1 از سد میهمان خود عبور کردند. به گزارش Fussball.news، رودی فولر مدیر ورزشی شیرها بعد از این پیروزی به خبرنگاران درباره مسائل مهم پاسخ داد.
درباره چیچاریتو:
طبیعتا ما تمام بازیکنانمان را حفظ خواهیم کرد. چیچاریتو قطعا در لورکوزن خواهد ماند.
درباره توپراک:
البته که من از تصمیم او آگاه هستم. تصمیم او کاملا منطقی است؛ او 6 سال با نمایش های عالی برای ما داشته، او یک پسر با پتانسیل بسیار بالا است. اگر می خواهد برود، فقط امیدوارم بتوانم بازی آخر خانگی را برای او ترتیب دهم. می خواهیم با یک نیم فصل دوم خوب و چشمانی اشک بار از او جدا شویم!<|endoftext|>Study Uses Open Data to Analyze “Normal” Tissue Near Tumors
, by NCI Staff
Findings from a new study suggest that the tissue immediately surrounding a tumor may not be normal, even if it appears normal under the microscope.
Rather, tissue adjacent to a tumor—which is commonly used in research studies to represent a patient’s normal cells—has characteristics that distinguish it from both healthy and tumor tissue.
At the molecular level, the tissue appears to be in “a unique intermediate state” between healthy and tumor tissue, researchers at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), reported October 20 in Nature Communications.
Comparing healthy cells and tumor cells from the same patient can reveal molecular changes associated with cancer. For decades, doctors have obtained healthy cells by collecting tissue from the areas surrounding a tumor.
But little is known about the genomic features of this tissue. To learn more, the UCSF researchers combined and analyzed results from open-access databases for two projects supported by NCI and the National Institutes of Health (NIH): The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project.
Specifically, they compared the molecular profiles of 6,500 tissue samples: cancerous and adjacent tissue from TCGA and nontumor tissue from GTEx. The samples represented eight cancer sites in the body, including the breast, liver, colon, and prostate.
This analysis revealed a pattern across all eight sites: certain signaling pathways were activated in tissue adjacent to tumors but not in the tumors themselves or in non-tumor tissue from individuals without cancer. The researchers also identified a set of 18 genes that was expressed specifically in tissue adjacent to a tumor in at least four sites.
“Our findings suggest that tumors are interacting with the host tissues,” said study investigator Dvir Aran, Ph.D. “We think that probably all tumors have these types of interactions with adjacent tissues.”
Researchers have known that cancer cells interact extensively “with the surrounding microenvironment of the tumor,” added Dinah Singer, Ph.D., director of NCI’s Division of Cancer Biology. “What’s novel here is the suggestion that the interactions extend beyond that to tissue that appears to be pathologically normal.”
Integrating Results from Different Databases
Because healthy individuals do not normally donate organs for research, samples of normal tissue from living individuals without cancer are extremely rare.
The current study was made possible by the existence of the two open-access genomic databases, as well as by funding from NCI through the Oncology Models Forum, noted Atul Butte, M.D., Ph.D., of the Institute for Computational Health Sciences at UCSF, who led the study.
“We realized we could put these two major NIH-funded data sets together and ask: What happens in the tissue around cancers?” Dr. Butte said. “I am a big fan of using open data to ask questions that might not otherwise be addressed.”
The GTEx project includes genomic profiles of thousands of tissue samples from deceased donors, including many individuals who did not have cancer. And TCGA has genomic profiles of thousands of tumor samples and hundreds of tumor-adjacent samples from multiple tissues.
Before comparing the tissue samples, the researchers first showed that the results from two different databases could be analyzed together. They found, for example, a “high level of agreement” among the expression levels of certain genes within the entire data set.
The researchers acknowledged that a “a perfect study” would use freshly collected normal and cancer samples from the same individuals, but said that their results demonstrate that GTEx and TCGA data can be analyzed together.
“This is a very interesting study,” said Cheryl Marks, Ph.D., also of NCI’s Division of Cancer Biology. “It shows that you can combine data on normal tissue with data on cancer tissue and then use the results to tease out new insights.”
Scientists have always used normal tissue adjacent to tumors, Dr. Marks added. "But I’m sure this study will spawn a debate about what we mean by ‘normal’ tissue.”
A small number of studies over the past decade have compared tumor-adjacent tissue with tumor and healthy tissues for individual types of tissues. But this new study is the first to compare the molecular profiles, including the transcriptomes, of tissue samples from multiple types of tissues and organs.
“There’s some effect of the tumors on adjacent tissue,” said Dr. Butte. “We were surprised that there were common effects across the different types of cancer that we could study.”
Results Raise New Research Questions
The researchers also conducted experiments in mice to explore the idea of blocking certain signaling pathways associated with cancer that are active in the tumor-adjacent tissues. The results, they reported, suggest that disrupting the interplay between tumors and nearby tissues might be a therapeutic strategy.
“We plan to continue with mouse studies to see whether blocking the signals we uncovered will affect the tumor,” said Dr. Aran. “There are probably a mix of many factors involved, and more research is needed to better understand what we would be blocking.”
As with other computationally based studies, the results need to be confirmed independently before any firm conclusions can be drawn, the study authors cautioned. They cited limitations of the study, including that, because GTEx and TCGA used different protocols to collect and analyze the data, there may be disparities between sample sets.
Another limitation was the lack of detailed information about distances between tumor-adjacent tissues and tumors. Without this, the researchers could not determine whether the characteristics they observed in tumor-adjacent tissues were unique to these cells or part of the disease process of entire organs affected by the development of cancer, they noted.
“This study raises a number of questions, such as: If you’re trying to analyze a tumor, what’s the correct control?” asked Dr. Marks. “Is the adjacent normal tissue that scientists have used for decades the appropriate control? Or is it actually garden-variety normal tissue from another donor that someone collected during surgery?”
The answer, she added, may come from the research that builds on the current study. She and Dr. Butte both agree that the existence of large, publicly available databases has created an opportunity for researchers to explore new questions and develop hypotheses.
“The data repositories supported by NIH have incredible data, and we encourage more scientists to use them in their experiments,” said Dr. Butte. “The data are just sitting there—waiting to be used.”<|endoftext|>第一节-资料
我们该怎么处理你的信息?
当你从澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站买东西的时候, 作为买卖过程的一部分, 我们收集您提供给我们的个人信息，如您的姓名, 地址及电子邮件地址.
电子邮件营销(如适用):在您的许可下, 我们可能会给你发澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站我们公司的电子邮件, 新产品, 和其他更新.
第2节-同意
你怎么得到我的同意?
当您向我们提供个人信息以完成交易时, 核实你的信用卡, 下订单, 安排送货或退货, 我们的意思是，您同意我们收集它，并仅为这个特定的原因使用它.
如果我们为了次要原因而询问您的个人信息, 喜欢市场营销, 我们要么直接要求你明确表示同意，要么给你一个机会说不.
我如何撤回我的同意?
如果你决定加入后改变了主意, 您可以撤回您的同意，以便我们与您联系, 对于后续的集合, 在任何时候使用或披露您的信息，请通过以下澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站 firstname.lastname@example.org.
第3条-披露
如果法律要求我们披露您的个人信息，或者如果您违反了我们的 服务条款.
第4节-保安
保护您的个人信息, 我们采取合理的预防措施，并遵循行业最佳实践，以确保它不会不当丢失, 滥用, 访问, 披露, 改变或毁坏了.
与本网站联络的用户及/或网站所有者自行决定，并在自行承担风险的情况下提供所要求的任何个人资料. 您的个人信息将被保密并安全存储，直到不再需要或不再使用, 如1998年的《澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站》所述. 已尽一切努力，以确保一个安全的形式，以电子邮件提交过程, 但我们建议使用这类表单的用户向进程发送电子邮件，他们这样做的风险由自己承担.
第五部分-饼干
本网站使用cookies来改善用户访问本网站时的体验. 在适用情况下, 本网站使用cookie控制系统，允许用户在首次访问本网站时允许或不允许在其计算机/设备上使用cookie. 这符合最近的法律要求，即网站在用户的电脑/设备上留下或阅读cookies等文件之前，必须获得用户的明确同意
cookie是保存在用户电脑硬盘上的小文件, 保存和存储澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站用户交互和使用网站的信息. 这使得网站, 通过它的服务器, 在本网站为用户提供量身定制的体验.
用户被告知，如果他们希望拒绝使用和保存cookies从本网站到他们的电脑硬盘驱动器, 他们应该在他们的网络浏览器的安全设置中采取必要的步骤来阻止来自这个网站和它的外部服务供应商的所有cookie.
这个网站使用跟踪软件来监视它的访问者，以便更好地了解他们是如何使用它的. 这个软件是由谷歌Analytics提供的，它使用cookie来跟踪访问者的使用情况. 该软件会在你的电脑硬盘上保存一个cookie，以便跟踪和监控你对网站的使用情况, 但它不会储存, 保存或收集个人信息. 你可以阅读 谷歌的隐私政策 为进一步的信息.
当本网站使用推荐程序时，其他cookies可能由外部供应商存储在您计算机的硬盘驱动器上, 赞助链接或广告. 这类cookie用于转换和推荐跟踪，通常在30天后过期, 虽然有些可能需要更长的时间. 不存储、保存或收集个人信息.
第6节-更改本隐私政策
我们保留随时修改本隐私政策的权利，请经常查看. 更改和澄清将在网站上发布后立即生效. 如果我们对这项政策作实质性的修改, 我们会在这里通知你它已经更新了, 以便您了解我们收集的信息, 我们如何使用它，在什么情况下使用它, 如果有任何, 我们使用和/或披露它.
If澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站与另一家公司收购或合并, 你的信息可能会转移给新老板, 这样我们才能继续向你们销售产品.
问题和联系信息
如果您想访问, 正确的, 修改或删除我们掌握的澳门新葡萄棋牌官方网站您的任何个人信息, 登记投诉或只是想要更多的信息, 请联络我们的私隐合规专员 email@example.com.<|endoftext|>Guetamala’daki arkeologlar El Achiotal arkeolojik alanında önemli Maya hiyeroglif panelleri ve MS 5. yüzyıla tarihlenen iyi korunmuş bir dikili taş keşfetti. La Corona Bölgesel Arkeoloji Projesi arkeologları 2012’de de Maya takviminin bitiş tarihinden söz eden ikinci arkeolojik keşfi de yapmıştı.
El Achiotal kazı direktörlerinden Marcello A. Canuto “Bu dikilitaş, Maya tarihinin daha az bilinen dönemlerinde yaşamış erken bir kralı gösteriyor” diyor. Arkeologlar, kırılmış dikilitaş parçalarının bulunduğu bir mabedi ortaya çıkardı. Mayalılar bu dikilitaşı korumak için bu mabedi inşa etmişti.
Epigraf David Stuart, dikilitaşın tarihinin 22 Kasım 418 olduğunu hesapladı. Bu dönemde merkezi Maya bölgesinde büyük politik karışıklıklar yaşanıyordu.
Arkeologlar ayrıca neredeyse hiç bozulmamış durumda iki hiyeroglif panel de keşfetti. Canuto bu panellerde orijinal parıldayan kırmızı boyanın bile çoğunlukla korunduğunu söyledi.
Paneller La Corona’nın sarayındaki kazılar sırasında keşfedildi. Bu paneller daha önce yağmacılar tarafından bulunamamış çünkü sarayın gösterişsiz bir köşesine yerleştirilmişti. Paneldeki yazılar kralların tahta çıkma ritüelllerini anlatıyor.
Canuto “Dikilitaşın ve panellerin, ilk oyulduklarından çok uzun süre sonra antik Mayalar tarafından hala korunmuş olması, Mayaların kendi tarihine verdiği önemi ve korumak için ne kadar uğraştığını gösteriyor” diyor.-Tulane University-Arkeofili.com<|endoftext|>Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Visual extinction is a neurological disorder which occurs following damage to the parietal lobe of the brain. It is similar to, but distinct from, hemispatial neglect. Visual extinction has the characteristic symptom of difficulty to perceive contralesional stimuli when presented simultaneously with an ipsilesional stimulus, but the ability to correctly identify them when not presented simultaneously. Under simultaneous presentation, the contralesional stimulus is apparently ignored by the patient, or extinguished. This deficiency may lead to difficulty on behalf of the patient with processing the stimuli’s 3D position.
Visual Extinction is the result of unilateral cerebral damage and has always been poorly understood. Researchers have been studying visual extinction in great depth since the 1990s. It has since been commonly associated with damage to the right hemisphere of the brain. Studies have suggested that visual extinction may be a result of sensory imbalance. This imbalance is due to weak or delayed afferent inputs in the hemisphere affected by the extinction.
Research done by Pavlovskaya, Sagi, Soroker and Ring show that visual extinction is dependent on simple stimuli properties. These properties are thought to reflect connectivity constraints during the early steps of visual processing.
Visual extinction arises from damage to the parietal lobe of the brain. This damage most frequently arises following a stroke or other infarction in that area – however, any traumatic event sufficient to cause widespread tissue damage in the area may cause sufficient harm. Although both sides of the brain are vulnerable to such damage, it is more unusual for extinction to occur when the left hemisphere is damaged than the right.
When presented with simultaneous stimuli, the patient will ignore the contralesional stimuli, and only report the ipsilesional. Their ability to report the stimuli correctly when presented singly indicates that this is not a problem with vision per se. This bias against contralesional stimuli is evident even when patients are presented with two signals within the ipsilesional visual field, whose processing remains intact following the damage, since it is done in the opposite brain hemisphere. This implies that extinction can be somewhat controlled by biasing the point of visual fixation contralesionally, such that all relevant stimuli are contained within the functioning side of the visual field, findings supported in experiment
Fatigue and habituation effects have previously been connected to visual extinction; experiments such as those done by Vuilleumier and Rafal eliminate the connection of these effects with visual extinction.
Historically, it was believed that the parietal damage weakened afferent neuron input to the visual cortex, and so the extinction event was caused by the signals originating in the contralesional field being lost during transmission. However, this does not account for the ability of extinction patients being able to correctly identify contralesional stimuli in isolation. A more current theory is called the "race theory."
Race theory holds that stimuli are competing for processing power within the brain. Following parietal damage, all contralesional messages are lowered in priority for the brain’s processing in some way – potentially by signal transmission delay – such that when presented with alternative stimuli, the contralesional stimulus doesn’t arrive at the decision center simultaneously with the ipsilesional stimulus, and thus is denied conscious processing.
The race theory sees some support in findings by Marzi et al., where patients who show extinction also display aggravated delays in their reaction time to stimuli, both when compared to patients who have other forms of right-brain damage and undamaged patients. In the study, patients were shown to be able to focus their attention and improve reaction time, but still have subnormal performance. This theory is given further support by Gorea and Sagi’s inducing of extinction-like events in undamaged patients when presented with simultaneous stimuli of different intensities, with the lower intensity stimulus being extinguished by the mere presence of the high intensity stimulus.
Extinction frequency may also be affected by reporting method, due to how visual processing interacts with the rest of the brain. Reported extinctions drop when the patient is told to relay the extinction news by a method other than speaking – particularly, the use of the eyes in a feedback loop (looking to the side if there is a single stimuli, and up if there are two). This may work by eliminating the need for hemispheric transfer of information – routing the response to the motor cortex instead of the visual cortex – and so shortening the path and response time, a conclusion supported by increased detection of isolated contralesional stimuli under such circumstances.
Although extinction is compared with hemispatial neglect, the two are different disorders. It is possible to exhibit one without the other, and the neural basis for each appears to be different, hemispatial neglect arising from tempo-parietal junction damage. Although patients may exhibit these disorders simultaneously, this occurs in less than half of the afflicted population.
- When measuring the ERP of the right parietal lobe during extinction events, EEGs do not display the P1 or N1 waves otherwise evidenced in healthy bilateral response.
- When presented with stimuli, eye saccades from fixation point are more common in extinction patients, are longer in duration, and show ipsilesional bias in movement.
- Some evidence for a slight increase in detection of eccentric stimuli in the ipsilesional visual field – i.e. slightly improved peripheral vision.
- Patients show increased difference in reaction time (crossed-
|
6 | 0 | 3 |
sa, colla distribuzione di atti, scene, pezzi ecc., poi lo diedi a Piave da verseggiare2».
Non si rivelò facile verseggiare i profondi pensieri scespiriani, tantoché Verdi fu costretto a chiedere la collaborazione di Andrea Maffei, perché, col consenso del Piave, rimaneggiasse i versi del Coro delle streghe, del terzo atto ed infine della Scena del sonnambulismo3.
La quarta opera, che ebbe origine dalla collaborazione tra il Maestro ed il Piave fu Il corsaro, poemetto di Byron, che, dopo la sua prima rappresentazione presso il Teatro Grande di Trieste del 25 ottobre 1848, non previde un numero sufficiente di rappresentazioni.
Non meno fortunato fu lo Stiffelio, rappresentato sempre a Trieste, il cui libretto fu affidato, in un primo momento, al Cammarano, per poi esser verseggiato dal Piave. La censura austriaca intervenne drasticamente nella scena del tempio del terzo atto ed i versetti recitati da Stiffelio sulle parole di Cristo, che furono espulse dal dramma, così come nella successiva ripresa romana.
Nel 1857, il Piave rimise mani al libretto ed, il 16 agosto, fu presentato il dramma sotto il titolo di Aroldo presso il Teatro Comunale di Rimini.
Rigoletto costituì il titolo d’onore nella carriera del librettista, legando il proprio nome ad un grande capolavoro del teatro verdiano, essendo stato l’ideatore del dramma da musicare, che avrebbe adattato senza menomare le bellezze dell’originale hughiano. L’opera sarebbe andata in scena l’11 marzo 1851 presso il committente Teatro La Fenice e già l’anno precedente la direzione comunicava ai due artisti che il dramma Le roi s’amuse (da cui si sarebbe tolto il dramma La maledizione, mutuata poi in Rigoletto) di Victor Hugo aveva ricevuto una sfavorevole accoglienza in Parigi e, successivamente, in Germania a causa della dissolutezza del soggetto trattato. L’accigliata censura austriaca deplorò che il celebre Maestro ed il Piave non fossero stati capaci di far emergere i loro indubbi talenti, se non ricorrendo ad un libretto d’immoralità ributtante ed oscena, vietandone la rappresentazione. Le infuocate invettive del Verdi colpirono il Piave, il quale «ha un gran torto: tutto il torto! Egli mi assicurava di averne ottenuta l’approvazione. Dietro questo, io musicai una buona parte del dramma. Il decreto che lo rifiuta mi mette alla disperazione, perché ora è troppo tardi per scegliere altro libretto che mi sarebbe impossibile, affatto impossibile di musicare per quest’inverno4».
Al fine di smuovere la cattiva situazione, Martello, direttore della polizia di Venezia, suggerì al poeta, di cui era amico, di presentare una versione edulcorata dalle scene invise alla censura de Le roi s’amuse sotto il titolo di un immaginario Duca di Vendôme. Il Piave seguì il consiglio e presentò una nuova versione purgata, che passò il severo vaglio della censura, ma non quella di Verdi, che si mostrò assai contrariato, minacciando che, se quei tratti originali fossero stati tolti «io non posso più farvi della musica».
La situazione sembra volgesse al peggio come si evince dalla lettera, inviata dal Verdi al suo librettista.
«Ti ringrazio della polvere e dei baicoli, di cui mi darai debito. Risparmiati la pena di prendere il pesce perché io non posso mandare a Cremona. Non ti mando le lire austriache 200 perché, siccome non scriverò a Venezia l’opera e siccome ti diedi in commissione il Roi s’amuse colla condizione che tu ottenessi il permesso dalla Polizia, non permettendolo (con mio grave danno), resta naturalmente sciolto il nostro contratto. Così delle lire austriache 500 che ti mandai pel Roi s’amuse ne terrai 200 per compiere lire austriache 1000: prezzo combinato pel libretto Stiffelio, e le 300 che sopravanzano me le restituirai. Addio5».
Riavutosi dal brutto colpo, il Piave stese per la terza volta il libretto, conciliando le esigenze della censura con le improrogabili richieste artistiche del Maestro e, contando sugli ottimi uffici dell’amico Martello, presentò l’ultima fatica col titolo di Triboletto (traduzione del Triboulet hughiano, ribattezzato poi in Rigoletto).
Il 24 gennaio 1851 poté finalmente comunicare al Verdi:
«Buone nuove… Oggi ho finalmente avuto la firma del Direttore Generale dell’Ordine pubblico al Rigoletto, senza nessun cambiamento di verso: solamente ho dovuto cambiare il nome di Castiglione in Monterone e quello di Cepriano in Ceprano perché esistono quelle famiglie. Fu pure necessario ommettere il nome di Gonzaga e dire solamente nell’elenco dei personaggi: Il Duca di Mantova. Sono cinque giorni che corro dal Governo alla Polizia, al Comando di piazza, alla Presidenza della Fenice, al diavolo. Ti assicuro che quando sarò finita avrò corso una gran palestra. Ora, che ti scrivo, sono le quattro, e sono in moto dalle nove, perché il signor Martello era intestato di cambiar l’epoca e la scena nonché i personaggi.
Finalmente sono riuscito, un poco colla grazia, un poco colla disperazione, un poco col dire ch’io non poteva ecc., a questa utile transazione, e ti giuro che mi par fin di sognare. Allegri dunque. Il vento si è voltato, e la nostra nave andrà a buon porto6».
Due giorni dopo, il Piave comunica la definitiva approvazione del libretto:
«Caro Verdi, Te Deum laudamus. Finalmente ieri alle tre pomeridiane giunse il nostro Rigoletto in Presidenza sano e salvo, e senza fratture o amputazioni. Mi par ancora di sognare. Avrai da ridere quando ti racconterò la storia dell’ultima mia battaglia!7».
Finalmente dopo tanto penare, il Piave tenne onore alla sua parola, ricevendo una lettera di ringraziamento anche da parte di Giuseppina, la moglie del Maestro, di cui informò immediatamente il Verdi:
«Sono commosso della graziosa lettera della gentile signora Peppina, a cui mi ingegnerò di rispondere appena cessata la mia commozione, la quale si è poi aumentata leggendo la soprascritta della tua lettera: “Al grazioso signor Francesco Maria9…».
Pochi giorni dopo, Verdi raggiunse Venezia, per assistere alle prove ed al debutto di Rigoletto, che ottenne un caldissimo successo di pubblico la sera dell’11 marzo 1851.
∴
Due anni più tardi, si combinarono le condizioni per un’ulteriore collaborazione, che avrebbe partorito una delle opere più celebrate della storia del melodramma (seppur fischiata alla prima): La Traviata, che andrà in scena presso il Teatro La Fenice di Venezia il 6 marzo 1853.
A Parigi, il Verdi era rimasto colpito dal dramma di Alexandre Dumas fils, La dame aux camelias, soggetto molto audace per l’epoca, che difficilmente sarebbe stato approvato dalla censura. Il Maestro affidò al Piave l’incarico di comporre i primi versi e – come al solito – risolvere ogni guaio con la censura, la quale – in verità – era caduta in disarmo dopo i ripetuti trionfi di Rigoletto e quelli successivi de Il Trovatore. Il poeta cercò di rendere più facile l’incontro, castigando il linguaggio, pur mantenendo inalterata la passionalità vera e commovente, che palpita nei personaggi, irradiando le situazioni del dramma. Come abbiamo già accennato, l’opera fu fischiata; Verdi disse: «Il tempo giudicherà», ed ebbe ragione.
L’ultimo spartito, dedicato al massimo teatro veneziano, fu il Simon Boccanegra da Garcia Gutierrez, sempre su versi del Piave, che andò in scena il 12 marzo 1857, mancando di scaldare l’anima del pubblico. Verdi raccontò così alla contessa Maffei:
«Il Boccanegra ha fatto a Venezia un fiasco quasi altrettanto grande che quello della Traviata. Credevo d’aver fatto qualche cosa di possibile, ma pare che mi sia ingannato9».
La critica accusò il librettista di aver fornito un vero pasticcio melodrammatico, incolpando dell’insuccesso anche la prestazione degli artisti. Verdi si dimostrò legato a questo suo lavoro, tantoché, durante la lavorazione dell’Otello, pregò il Boito di riformulare il libretto per la rappresentazione milanese del 24 marzo 1881, dove finalmente la storia rese giustizia a quest’ennesimo capolavoro verdiano.
Il teatro spagnolo fu, ancora una volta, la fonte d’ispirazione per la nuova opera, che avrebbe unito i destini di Piave e Verdi: La forza del destino da Saavedra, che le troppe morti, la forte drammaticità di molte situazioni sceniche, le esagerazioni romantiche presenti nella matrice non offrirono valido sostegno, perché il Piave potesse licenziare un libretto felice.
Quando si trattò di rappresentare l’opera al Teatro alla Scala, dopo il debutto in quel di Pietroburgo, Verdi pretese dei cambiamenti e Piave si rimise alacremente al lavoro, col fine di soddisfare il Maestro, ma un improvviso colpo apoplettico gl’impedì di terminare il lavoro e, dopo una lunga agonia terribile, si spegnerà il 5 marzo 1876.
(1) GAETANO CESARI, ALESSANDRO LUZIO. I Copialettere di Giuseppe Verdi. A cura della Commissione esecutiva per le onoranze a Giuseppe Verdi nel primo centenario della nascita. Lettera di Giuseppe Verdi a Giuseppina Appiani del 12 dicembre 1843, pag. 424.
(2, 3) Lettera di Giuseppe Verdi a Tito Ricordi senior dell’11 aprile 1846, pag. 444.
(4) Lettera di Giuseppe Verdi a Carlo Marzari del 5 dicembre 1850, pag. 108.
(5) Lettera di Giuseppe Verdi a Francesco Maria Piave del 14 dicembre 1850, pag. 111.
(6) Lettera di Francesco Maria Piave a Giuseppe Verdi del 24 gennaio 1851, pag. 492 – 93.
(7) Lettera di Francesco Maria Piave a Giuseppe Verdi del 26 gennaio 1851, pag. 494.
(8) Lettera di Francesco Maria Piave a Giuseppe Verdi dell’8 febbraio 1851, pag. 494 – 95.
(9) Lettera di Giuseppe Verdi a Clara Maffei dell’11 aprile 1857, pag. 552 – 53.<|endoftext|>05511043872
nolu telefon hakkındaki bilgi ve yorumlar
Bu numara sıfır beş yüz elli bir - yüz dört - otuz sekiz - yetmiş iki olarak okunur.
5511043872 numaralı mobil hat Avea operatörüne kayıtlıdır.
05511043872 kime ait olduğunu Google 'da arayın.
05511043872 telefon numarası ile ilgili bildiklerinizi paylaşın.Bizde bu numara kime ait öğrenmenize yardımcı olalım.
Eğer bu sayfada uygunsuz bir içerik mevcut ise linke tıklayınız.<|endoftext|>NAVsolve 用于重新处理和改进导航数据的工具 NAVsolve 是我们强大的后处理应用程序。收集数据后，NAVsolve 会提供多种技术，以最少的工作量快速提取所需的测量值。除了向测量中添加差分校正外，NAVsolve 还可以自动读取多个 RINEX 文件，并在处理之前显示原始数据的预览，这在处理较长的行程时可以大大节省时间。 对于具有挑战性的环境，我们的前向/后向处理算法和单颗卫星辅助技术。 gx/ix™，也有助于提高准确度。下载NAVsolve ，就能自动获得NAVsuite 。<|endoftext|>Ho scoperto che il mio certificato di nascita ha una data di scadenza
Guido troppo veloce per preoccuparmi del colesterolo
Le spugne crescono nel mare. Mi chiedo quanto più profondo sarebbe il mare se questo non accadesse
Ho una grande collezione di conchiglie, che tengo sparse per le spiagge di tutto il mondo
La mia teoria dell’evoluzione è che Darwin fu adottato
Qual e' il sinonimo di sinonimo?
Ho un caminetto a microonde. Può fare caldo per una sera in 8 minuti.
C'è una differenza sottile tra pescare e stare semplicemente davanti alla riva come un idiota.
Una donna brutta non è mai del tutto nuda
Se l'automobile avesse seguito lo stesso ciclo di sviluppo del computer, una Rolls-Royce oggi costerebbe 100 dollari, farebbe un milione di miglia con un gallone di benzina ed esploderebbe una volta all'anno, uccidendo tutti gli occupanti.
Per un settantenne e' facile amare il prossimo. Meno facile e' amare la prossima.
La mia ragazza ha una strana deformazione fisica. Uno dei seni è più grosso degli altri due.<|endoftext|>胡宗南將軍生前所收藏的手槍. 館方的現場標示牌只寫著"德造 7.65 公釐自動手槍 (胡宗南將軍家屬捐贈)",倒是官網有較詳盡的說明,
這把德國造華瑟PPK 7.65公釐自動手槍，是由胡宗南將軍家屬捐贈本館典藏。PPK手槍是德國華瑟公司在1931年推出的刑警用手槍，為二次世界大戰前最先進的手槍。德國納粹黨於1931年奪得政權後，便大量製造配發秘密警察及高階軍官配帶，縮短的槍身適合隱藏攜帶。1945年柏林攻防戰中，蘇俄軍隊包圍柏林，眼見大勢已去的希特勒在地下堡壘中舉槍自盡，他所使用的就是華瑟特製金質PPK手槍。另外，在007系列電影中，男主角都是使用這一型的手槍，直到「明日帝國」這部片中，龐德才改用P99這款型號，但大體上是一脈相傳的。館藏這一把PPK是此系列中的紀念槍種，其外表的鍍金及雕花形態相當的精美，具有保存的價值。
雖然年代久遠,但仍看得出木質槍盒的製作相當精美, 且附有通槍條.
(槍管中段的鍍金已經因為長期使用或把玩而褪色,但細緻的雕花依然華麗. 槍管除了"Walther"公司Logo,還標記著"Mod PPK".)
館方官網所稱的"德國華瑟公司"就是大名鼎鼎的Walther. 至於PPK則是德文"Polizei Pistole Kriminal"的縮寫,亦即英文"Criminal Police Pistol",即便衣刑警配帶用槍, 槍管和槍身都盡量縮短以便於隱藏攜帶. 但正如館方官網所述, Walther 7.65mm PPK在1931年問世後,大量生產其實是為了配發德國納粹秘密警察及高階納粹軍官.
歷史上,命喪這款Walther 7.65mm PPK槍下的,不只希特勒. 1979年12月12日,南韓軍人發動政變,刺殺當時的南韓大統領朴正熙(現任總統朴槿惠的老爸),史稱"雙12政變". 當時擊斃朴正熙的,正是這款Walther 7.65mm PPK.
(槍盒上蓋內側刻有Walther Logo和PPK字樣.)
胡宗南將軍在國共內戰時期曾經率軍攻下老共巢穴延安,在當時曾被視為具有相當程度的指標意義. 國軍在1947年3月收回延安後,曾經招待中外記者,廣為宣傳,希望振奮當時的民心士氣,可惜延安仍在一年後失守(1948年4月),而且在短短的一年後,整個中國大陸旋即淪陷.
國共內戰失利之際,爭功諉過,貪生怕死,出走海外的高階將領不在少數,甚至變節投靠共軍者亦大有人在. 1949年,部份國軍退守大陸沿海諸島,在當地組成游擊隊,伺機襲擾
|
6 | 1 | 0 |
which gives its peculiar stamp to our civilization and sets it apart from the techniques of other eras. It is automatism by which our technology achieves its growing perfection. Its signature is the independent and unchanging
repetitious operation of its apparatus. Mechanical work processes have grown immensely, both in number and in scope, and it is obvious that their automatism, controlled and watched as it is by man, in turn has its effect on man. The power that man gains by his automatic tools gains power over him. He is compelled to give them his thought and his attention. Inasmuch as he works with automatic tools, his work becomes mechanical and repetitious with machinelike uniformity. Automatism clutches the operator and never relinquishes its grip on him. To the consequences of this we shall return again and again. The invention of the automaton dates from antiquity, as is shown by the dove of Archytas and the robot of Ptolemy Philadelphos. These much admired mechanisms, like the automatons of Albertus Magnus, Bacon, and Regiomantus, were ingenious toys; nothing more serious. They evoked not only wonder, but also fear. The robot of Albertus Magnus, which could open the door and greet the visitor (the fruit of decades of effort), was smashed by the startled Thomas Aquinas with a blow of his stick. The intellectual fascination which machines have held for man from the earliest times is coupled with a presentiment of the uncanny, an almost unaccountable feeling of horror. We sense this in Goethe’s remark on the advance of mechanical factory work, and in the shudder with which E. T. A. Hoffmann and Edgar Allan Poe viewed the automatons and mechanical figures of the early nineteenth century, among which the mechanical flute player, the drummer, and Vaucanson's mechanical duck are the most important. This is the same horror that has of old seized man in the presence of clocks, water mills, wheels – in the presence of any work or contrivance which acts and moves although it has no life of its own. The beholder is not satisfied to study the mechanics; he is not satisfied with the understanding of their operation; he is disquieted by their mechanical action. This motion produces the illusion of life, and this illusion, once he has looked through it, is precisely what is so disturbing. Myths, sagas, and fairy tales recognize no distinction between animate and inanimate nature; they give life even to the lifeless by various personifications. That such a distinction is not recognized
is the basis of poetry which voices itself by metaphor, analogy, and image; it is the basis, too, of all epic song. Orpheus, for example, to whom was ascribed the gift of enlivening the very stones, is the arch poet and arch singer. The machine, however, gives the impression that something lifeless penetrates into, and permeates life. This is what the observer senses and what evokes in him ideas of age, coldness, death, akin to the awareness of a lifeless, mechanically self-repeating time such as clockwork measures. It is no accident that the clock was the first automaton to achieve signal success among men. In the philosophical system of Descartes, animals, which are treated as automatons, are nothing but clocks whose movements operate under mechanical laws. Here, then, we touch upon the problem of time, a problem which is inseparable from the automatism of motion. At this point, therefore, we shall have to deal with those theories about time which have had an influence upon technology and, next to that, with the role which the various methods of measuring time have exercised.
VIII - THE INVASION OF LIFE BY DEAD TIME Tempus absolutum, quod aequabiliter fluit. – Newton According to Galilean and Newtonian mechanics, time is an absolute. The time that Newton describes is a general and universal time – tempus absolutum, quod aequabiliter fluit ("absolute time which flows at an even pace"). According to Kant, time has no absolute reality, neither subsistent nor inherent. As a subsistent reality, time exists only in the myth, where Kronos unsexes his father with a diamond scythe, or in the heads of people who make time, the non-thing, into a thing. Nor does time have a reality inherent in things. Since time is an a priori concept, the connection between time and things is cut; experience cannot gain admittance. Kant uses his premise that the concept of time is given a priori to deny it absolute reality, either subsistent or inherent. This time, which neither represents anything in itself when I subtract objects from it, nor is inherent in things, is therefore an ideological concept, a form without content, an intellectual pattern. This pattern is not like an empty box or, as has been said, an empty apartment house. It can be likened to the emptiness of a box – without the box. If, then, time is not inherent in things one must conclude that all the dying, wilting, withering has in reality nothing to do with time, and that the language of all peoples, as it expresses the inherence of time in things through countless words, idioms, phrases and proverbs, is on the wrong track. According to Kant, holidays are contained in time, but time is not contained in holidays. Rhythm is in time, but time is not in rhythm. It follows that all this being born and dying, all this movement remains outside of time, time is merely an idea, an intellectual pattern which has nothing to do with things. For what have life and death, what has all this movement to do with time in that case? Even though Kant denies the absolute reality of time which Newton asserted, he does agree with Newton on other properties of time. He, too, has the notion of a single, universal, infinite, and infinitely divisible time that is irreversible and cannot be measured by itself but only by the time-space movements of bodies. Here, time always equals time. The relation of time particles is quantitatively measurable, but all these particles are alike in quality and
form. And these time particles, if they are not simultaneous, flow along in a steady stream like channeled molecules, but without being molecular by their nature. Or one could liken them to a reel which rolls off from infinity to infinity with unchanging, uniform speed. Kant's concept of time betrays that it was influenced and shaped by Galilean and Newtonian mechanics. Thereby it has become somewhat mechanical itself. For obviously, time is here understood as something lifeless, something rigid. And indeed, he who reads Newton's fundamental dicta on the nature of time receives an impression of death's majesty and of eternity's awe. Newton accords absolute reality to this linear, uninterrupted motion by which time rolls on inexorably. According to Kant, it is merely an intellectual construction, in which alone it has existence. Time, Kant states, determines "the relation of ideas in our inner state. And just because this inner vision takes no physical shape, we try to make up for this lack through analogies, and represent the sequence of time as a line going into the infinite, a line which reduces all things in a row to one dimension only. From the properties of this line we then conclude all the properties of time, with the sole exception that the parts of the line exist simultaneously, whereas the parts of time always follow one after the other.” However, there is still another reason for this linear concept of time. The concept is due to the fact that space and time are here understood as completely unrelated to each other. Neither space-times nor time-spaces are considered as existing. Linear time passes through space, without touching it; space stretches in a like manner through time. If this strict separation of time and space is accepted, then the linear concept of time remains, indeed, the one most intelligible and most convincing, since a uniform and undisturbed flow of time can only be imagined as a line. We mention this in view of those modern theories of physics in which this separation is replaced by an indissoluble union between time and space – a concept that leads to quite a different interpretation of the universe. To most people it is immediately convincing that there should be a single, infinite, and infinitely divisible time. Perhaps this is because it is analogous
to a single, infinite, and infinitely divisible space; perhaps, too, because this concept reduces everything to the simplest formula. Could it be that there are two, several, or an infinite number of times? If time is inherent in things in such a manner that the nature of the thing affects time, or the nature of time affects the thing, does it not follow that there must be an infinite number of times? Apart from the relations between things, must not there also be relations between times which are distinguished not only quantitatively by measurement, but qualitatively, according to their structure? Only so long as our theoretical perceptions remain limited to the field of the mathematical and physical sciences can we content ourselves with a mechanical definition of time. But if we break through these limitations, can such mechanical definitions continue to satisfy us? Can we then content ourselves with such statements as, for instance, that time exists a priori and is to be imagined as a line? Or that speed, within the same space, is in the inverse ratio of time? Here arises the question of the role which is played by our measuring methods, for we not only regulate time by means of clocks; these clocks in turn regulate our time. These two processes of measuring differ. When we study the relationship between them, it becomes clear that the measuring of time and its particles by means of timepieces that record the mechanical flow of time does not exist for its own sake. Rather, it is tied closely to the second measuring process whereby our timepieces regulate our time. This deadlock is by no means broken if we assume that a recurrent event in nature requires always the same amount of time. Instruments based upon recurrent natural events have been designed, such as the quartz clock. By such instruments time measurements can indeed be made independent from the rotation of the earth, the uniformity of which is doubtful. But the question still remains whether there are any uniform repetitions at all, whether in all nature there could be found two events which are exactly alike and different only in the moment of their occurrence. We shall not dwell upon this question which is only of theoretical interest here. We have pointed to it merely to show what counts in the measuring of time by instruments, namely, the mechanically precise phase duplication of
whatever the physics are upon which the method is based. The supposition remains that time equals time. If it is accepted, then the determination of the relation between the particles of time depends on the refinement of the methods that can yield constantly more exact measurements. In this measuring process the relation between absolute and empirical time is for the moment of no importance. From the assumption of an absolute time in the sense of Galilean and Newtonian mechanics, and especially from Newton's definition of time, the conclusion is that time, while it is being moved, does not move itself or change itself. It moves like a machine, that is, it works like an automaton. For if time moved and changed itself, then it could not "flow at an even pace," as Newton states. Without this assumption there could be no timepieces, for they all depend on the existence of uniform repetition. For the practical purposes of time measurement, it does not make the slightest difference whether we ascribe to time an absolute reality, or whether we consider it a transcendental ideal and an empirical reality. All these definitions, no matter how conflicting in ideology, remain without influence upon time-measuring methods. Improvement of those methods goes on regardless of theoretical disputes.
IX - THE TYRANNY OF CAUSALISM OVER MAN Natural science is not conceivable without a recognition of the mechanical element in nature. When natural science goes to work it must discover and determine "that principle of the mechanism of nature without which no natural science could in any case exist" (Kant). Why can there be no natural science without this mechanism? The answer is, that without mechanics there can be no standards which are constantly valid and calculable. Without mechanical laws, that exactitude could not be achieved which in itself is nothing but the mechanical certainty that identical causes always produce identical effects. Thus we are justified in calling the natural scientist a mechanic who deserves scientific respect only in so far as in his thinking he retraces the mechanism of nature. This applies no matter whether the scientist works experimentally or theoretically. Anything beyond is not a part of natural science – for instance, all those disciplines that cannot neatly be reduced to mechanisms. Thus, there can be no scientific aesthetics or physiognomy, and any attempt to establish them as sciences is justly met with distrust and rejection. Lichtenberg's objections to Lavater's physiognomy are irrefutable. There are excellent physiognomists, but there is no way of making physiognomy an exact science. The natural scientist will always exhibit a tendency to delimit his science as sharply and as narrowly as possible, to make it completely methodical, to systematize it. Natural science thus limits itself to what can be proved mathematically, or to that to which the law of causality applies, or to the purely functional. These efforts which, like every heavy fortification of national borders, often give an impression of fear, originate psychologically from a desire for security. A mechanical concept of time is a precondition to the discoveries and inventions of the exact natural sciences. Without it no natural sciences could exist The scientific concept of exactness and the mechanical concept of time are so inseparably joined that they cannot be divorced from each other in any respect. Without timepieces, there would be no automatons, no science, for without the time-measuring methods on which science is based, science would get nowhere. Scientific methods are not possible without constant
control through time-keeping devices. And only when these achieve reliability and exactness can engineering, industrialism, our whole technology exist. Without such time-measuring exactitude it would have been impossible, for example, to construct railroads. For the operation and maintenance of a railroad require clocklike exactness; they presuppose the precise calculation of a schedule that recurs with mechanical uniformity. Is not the railroad itself a clockwork of which we demand that it be "on time," that is, punctual to the minute? When we study the apparatus and the human organization that have been created by our technology in step with its evolution, it becomes clear that they too depend on the mechanical concept of time, the only concept which can guarantee technical progress. How clockwork-like is not the whole order of modern civilization, how relentlessly does not technical progress strive to subject everything to this clocklike precision: man's sleep, his work, his rest, and his pleasures! Causalism – a point to which we shall return – can become a tyrant only where its cycle through time becomes mechanically calculable and repeatable, where it can be broken up into a line-up of functions. Where causalism becomes dominant, it produces a mechanical order akin to it; it brings to the fore a watchmaker mentality. Where are the limits of this mentality? If the universe were to be conceived as a big clock and every movement in it as mechanically measurable and predictable, then the high goal of scientific-technical thinking would be the comprehension of this central mechanism. And the application of that knowledge would mean the complete mechanization of man.
X - THE VICTORY OF DEAD TIME OVER LIFE TIME Clock time is lifeless time, tempus mortuum, in which second follows second in monotonous repetition. Lifeless, clock-measured time flows along side by side with the life time of man, but aloof from it, utterly regardless of the high and the low tides of life where no two moments are alike. To the reflective mind, the clock summons up the thought of death. The figure of the dying Charles V, pacing among the clocks in his collection and attempting to regulate their movements, emits the frost of death. He watches, and he listens to, the passing of time that inevitably leads to death. The constant sight of clocks all around us has accustomed us to seeing in them mere time-keeping devices. But in an era when the public clock, visible from far off, was still looked upon as a rare masterpiece, it proclaimed an unmistakable Memento mori, "Remember you will die." A study of the artist's use of the clock as a symbol of death would yield abundant material in this respect. One need think only of Holbein's "Dance of Death," with death holding the hourglass in its bony fingers. The beholder of a clock becomes conscious of time only in its emptiness; all time that enters our consciousness in this fashion is dead time. An automaton gives us the same feeling of lifeless, mechanically repetitious time; it is nothing essentially but a timepiece, which performs smoothly within the dead clock time. Without clocks there are no automatons. Thus, a connection, indeed, exists between the triumph of Calvinism in Geneva and the establishment of the watchmaking industry of that city in 1587. Calvin had developed the idea of predestination with an inexorable logic, with a consistency never matched in the Catholic church, neither by Augustine nor by Gottschalk, nor by Wycliff, nor by the Jansenists. The doctrine of God's decree of reprobation, placed prior to man's fall by the stricter school of Calvinism, reaches in its more ardent advocates a mechanical severity. In reading Calvinist theologians, one cannot escape the impression that they conceived God as the Great Watchmaker, and that Calvinism even more than Lutheranism constitutes a starting place for causalist thought. Even Luther's strict doctrine of predestination, side-
stepped and weakened by the formula of the concordat, still lacks the clocklike exactness of Calvinist theology. We may recall here that Rousseau was both a Calvinist and a watchmaker's son. He became a Catholic, returned to Calvinism, and dedicated the second of his prize essays, Discours sur l’inegalite, to the Great Council of Geneva. The history of the origin and gradual development of clocks tells us how the measuring devices that control the flow of time have become progressively more refined and more exact. The precision of chronometers and chronometric methods shows the increasing importance accorded to them. Let us remember the almost simultaneous invention of the pendulum clock by both Ruyghens and Hevelius, an invention based on Galileo's studies of falling bodies. Such simultaneity gives a fine illustration of the determined thought at work for this development. Today, the minutest particles of time are measured with precision. Technical centers furnish and equip man with the exact time. More and more clocklike traits invade man's life and man's work. The question must be asked now what all this is driving at. Time-measuring methods are not ends in themselves. They serve to organize time, to rationalize time, to measure out more and more sharply the consumption of time. Only measurable, exactly repeatable time is of interest to the epistemologist, the scientist, the technician. For such time, and into such time, he builds his chronometers, his automatons. And with this lifeless time one can do a lot of things. Measuring methods can subdivide it at will. It can be patched together, as pieces of leather are combined to form a belt, or links to form a chain running over a toothed wheel.3 It can be split and chopped up at will, something that cannot be done with life time or with the organisms living in it: seeds, blossoms, plants, animals, men, organic thoughts. This is why technology works with fragments of time, and just as it has special designers for every single machine part
|
6 | 1 | 1 |
italiana immessa nel mercato internazionale e tra le altre migliorie presentava il carrello scorrevole su di una guida fissa.
Attuò l’assistenza alla clientela mediante filiali e questa strategia gli permise, puntando sulla qualità, di sopraffare la concorrenza tedesca e americana.
Il secondo dei suoi figli, Adriano Olivetti, entrò in azienda nel 1925 diventandone poi amministratore delegato e sostituendo progressivamente il padre. Durante il secondo conflitto mondiale, Adriano seppe affermare la posizione di leader dell’azienda di famiglia nell’ambito delle macchine d’ufficio.
Camillo Olivetti fu un imprenditore coraggioso e preparato, nonché un ottimo ingegnere e un grande uomo, tanto che la sua città natale gli dedicò un monumento.Image credits: hdscreen.me
Laureato in Ingegneria Meccanica presso il Politecnico di Bari.
E’ appassionato di motori e turbomacchine.<|endoftext|>Faculty Handbook Chapter 6: Reasonable vs. Unreasonable Accommodations
Reasonable accommodations reduce barriers to learning and are individualized to a student’s needs. Both the student’s physical accessibility to the classroom as well as the student’s ability to have full access to all course activities are considered in providing reasonable accommodations.
Reasonable accommodations are those that do not:
- Alter or remove requirements of the course/program
- Alter the learning outcomes of the course/program
- Pose a threat to others
The college is only required to make reasonable accommodations to assure equal access to opportunity for persons with disabilities. If the request for accommodation is judged to be unreasonable, it may be refused. If an accommodation request is deemed unreasonable, it does not affect the obligation to provide needed accommodations that are reasonable. Saying “no” to a request that is found to be unreasonable should never be viewed as the end of a discussion of accommodation options—there is always room for exploration.
If the individual has a documented disability and needs accommodation to assure access, then the institution is obligated to work with that student to determine reasonable accommodations that can be devised to provide the access limited by the disability.
Accommodations are decided upon based on a combination of medical documentation, student narrative, and learning outcomes of a given course. Please only give students the accommodations specified on the student’s Letter of Accommodation (LOA).
See the section titled “Common Accommodations” for descriptions of typical, reasonable accommodations.<|endoftext|>Curriculum: come creare un curriculum efficace per trovare lavoro
Il curriculum è uno strumento fondamentale per presentare le proprie competenze, esperienze e formazione nel processo di ricerca di lavoro. È il primo contatto con i potenziali datori di lavoro e può essere determinante per ottenere un colloquio. In questo articolo, ti forniremo consigli e suggerimenti su come creare un curriculum efficace che ti aiuti a distinguerti dagli altri candidati e aumentare le tue possibilità di trovare lavoro.
Struttura del curriculum
La struttura di un curriculum può variare leggermente a seconda delle tue esperienze e del settore in cui cerchi lavoro, ma in generale dovresti includere le seguenti sezioni:
1. Informazioni personali
Inizia il tuo curriculum inserendo le tue informazioni personali, tra cui nome, cognome, recapito telefonico, indirizzo email e indirizzo. Assicurati di fornire informazioni aggiornate per permettere al datore di lavoro di contattarti facilmente.
2. Obiettivo professionale
Aggiungi una breve dichiarazione o un obiettivo professionale all'inizio del tuo curriculum. Questa sezione dovrebbe riassumere ciò che stai cercando in un lavoro e quali sono le tue ambizioni professionali.
3. Esperienze lavorative
Elenca le tue esperienze lavorative in ordine cronologico inverso, partendo dalla più recente. Includi il nome dell'azienda, le date di inizio e fine impiego, il tuo ruolo e le principali responsabilità svolte. Se sei appena entrato nel mondo del lavoro o hai poca esperienza, puoi anche includere stage o lavoro volontario.
4. Formazione
Indica la tua formazione accademica e professionale. Includi il nome dell'istituto, il titolo o il corso seguito e l'anno di conseguimento. Se hai conseguito certificazioni o partecipato a corsi specifici, assicurati di menzionarli.
5. Competenze e abilità
In questa sezione, evidenzia le tue competenze e abilità pertinenti per il lavoro che stai cercando. Puoi includere competenze tecniche, lingue straniere, soft skills e conoscenza di programmi o strumenti specifici.
Come rendere il tuo curriculum efficace
Oltre alla struttura, alcuni suggerimenti utili per rendere il tuo curriculum più efficace includono:
- Presta attenzione all'ortografia e alla grammatica: controlla sempre il tuo curriculum per eventuali errori e cerca di utilizzare un linguaggio pulito e professionale.
- Personalizza il tuo curriculum per ogni candidatura: cerca di adattare il tuo curriculum alle richieste specifiche del lavoro per cui ti stai candidando. Sottolinea le esperienze e le competenze più rilevanti.
- Utilizza un design pulito e professionale: scegli un formato semplice e leggibile. Utilizza una struttura chiara e una formattazione coerente per facilitare la lettura.
- Quantifica i risultati raggiunti: cerca di fornire esempi concreti dei risultati ottenuti durante le tue esperienze lavorative, ad esempio incremento delle vendite o risparmi di costi.
- Mantieni la brevità: cerca di mantenere il tuo curriculum su una o due pagine, a meno che tu non abbia esperienze molto rilevanti o richieste specifiche del datore di lavoro.
Domande frequenti sul curriculum
In generale, cerca di mantenere il tuo curriculum su una o due pagine. Se hai esperienze molto rilevanti o richieste specifiche del datore di lavoro, potresti estenderlo a tre pagine, ma evita di dilungarti troppo.
La decisione di includere o meno una foto nel curriculum dipende dal paese in cui cerchi lavoro. In alcuni paesi è comune includerla, mentre in altri potrebbe essere considerata poco professionale. Verifica le convenzioni locali prima di decidere.
È consigliabile includere solo le esperienze lavorative più rilevanti per il lavoro che stai cercando. Se hai avuto molti lavori temporanei o non rilevanti per la posizione, puoi limitare le informazioni a quelle più significative.
Le descrizioni delle responsabilità lavorative dovrebbero essere concise ma informative. Cerca di evidenziare le principali attività svolte e i risultati raggiunti, senza entrare troppo nel dettaglio.
In genere, non è necessario includere riferimenti nel curriculum. Puoi indicare che saranno disponibili su richiesta. Tuttavia, assicurati di avere riferimenti pronti nel caso vengano richiesti durante il processo di selezione.<|endoftext|>In this ARE 5.0 NCARB-approved Project Planning and Design Exam Prep course you will learn about the topics covered in the ARE 5.0 PPD exam division. A complete and comprehensive curriculum, this course will touch on each of the NCARB objectives for the ARE 5.0 Project Planning and Design Exam.
Instructor Mike Newman will discuss issues related to the generation or evaluation of design alternatives that synthesize environmental, cultural, behavioral, technical and economic issues.
When you are done with this course, you will have a thorough understanding of the content covered in the ARE 5.0 Project Planning and Design Exam including design concepts, sustainability/environmental design, universal design, and other forms of governing codes and regulations.
So, we're gonna run through each of the different lighting systems real quick just to make sure we're all on the same page. First one we're gonna start with is incandescents. The incandescents are kind of interesting right now because they have been around for a very very long time, for you know, 100 plus years. But they are also being phased out and so all of the systems when we talk about different lighting systems; the CRI index, for example, it's all based on the idea of an incandescent bulb, so there's all sorts of these references to incandescents when we talk either with clients or through the technical data, or any of these things that everybody refers back to incandescents all the time, and yet we're in the process of actually completely phasing them out just because of their sort of lack of efficiencies.
So it's kind of an unusual situation. It's kind of like talking about a phone and talking about dialing on a phone when you know, nobody has used a dial phone in years, so but, because it is this sort of basic understanding and these different ways that we talk about lights, I think it's worth kind of running through it anyway.
So, a typical incandescent bulb, as we all know, kind of has that classic bulb shape, and in that classic bulb shape, we've got the ability for essentially one connection to a wire there and the other connection to a wire there and there is a sort of loop up and that loop comes down so one is connected and then the other is connected so that this filament which has a little sort of toaster-y shape to it, lot of surface area, is made out of very particular sets of metals, and those very particular sets of metals, when they get hot, get to a very particular color and so they glow hot.
Now, obviously when they get to that specific color, the reason they're glowing hot is that they are, in fact, hot, which means that they're giving off heat, so while we're getting lots and lots of good light, sort of emanating away from this particular point source, as we're getting that light, we're also getting sort of massive amounts of heat that also are emanating away from that point source.
It's essentially little tiny toaster inside a protected glass environment. There's some huge advantages to the incandescents: One giant advantage is it's really fast. You turn it on and it heats up and it is effectively on immediately. There's the subtle delay for it to actually heat up, but it's so fast you don't even really notice that, and that speed is really fairly unusual in the lighting industry.
LEDs are pretty fast, and there's a couple of other things but a lot of the other really efficient lighting systems actually have pretty significant delays and there's a meaningfulness to that in certain situations. So that's great, they're also dimmable in fairly sort of easy ways. So you don't have to have a lot of specialty electronics or anything like that you just control the amount of power that's going through it, and that will control the amount of light coming out of it.
So very simple, straightforward, dimmable, that's super handy. The fact that it produces so much heat and that its efficiency is so low, that's really the big problem with them and that's why they're being sort of slowly phased out. The shapes, the A's are sort of the, kind of classic lightbulb shape, the G's are globes, which are a bit more spherical, PAR's are parabolic, sort of directional, C's and other similar ones are shaped like candles, there's a whole series of different shapes.
When we talk about the size of these, you'll see, like, for example, an A29. Well the "A29" refers to the A shape, which is that classic shape, and the 29 would refer to 29 eighths of an inch.
So its just sort of one of those sort of funny ones where they, for whatever reason back in the day, chose to measure these in eighths of an inch, so pretty much all of the actual bulbs themselves, of all of the different systems when you're talking about a measurement size, they're actually referred to in eighths of an inch. Same thing would be true with the HADs and fluorescents and all of that. Great thing: fast, easily dimmable, they're cheap to make especially because we have so many decades and decades and decades of experience making them.
There's a lot of variety of different sizes, so like amounts of light that you can get. I can get a 20 watt bulb, I can get a 150 watt bulb. I can get all these different sizes. There are huge numbers of options available. So that's what really great about them. The downside is that, as I said, they just produce so much excess heat, that they A) can be dangerous, but also mostly they're just wasteful.
The place where that's really awesome is if you happen to have an Easy Bake oven. You just put the little lightbulb in there and it produces so much heat you can actually bake cookies with it. But most of the time we don't really want our lightbulbs to be producing that much heat. There are a few occasions, very subtle few occasions where it's actually kind of handy. You might find it in a certain garage setting or something like that where that little bit of heat actually builds up over time, and is fairly useful, or in a vestibule or in some other places where having that little extra heat actually can be a positive, but the vast majority of the time, that heat is just wasted, and we're just air conditioning it away as much as we can.
One quick sort of discussion about it I just mentioned that you can get a 20 watt bulb or a 100 watt bulb or a 150 watt bulb and so people generally in the United States, refer to the strength of light through the idea of watts.
That's actually a really bad way to do it. It just happens to be because the incandescence were there first and when you put a certain amount of power into it, it produces a certain amount of light. You put less power into it, it produces less light. So it was an easy way to discuss just, like, how much light was coming out was by how much energy we were putting in. But in fact, watts are power, not a measure of light.
And so by having turned the discussion of the measure of light into using the word "watts", it means that every time every new system since then has been a sort of complication of trying to measure back to, from watts, back to actual light. So you'll see that it'll say compact fluorecscent, uses 9 watts, but is similar to a 60 watt. And so they're just trying to tell you that its an amount of light but nobody would understand how many lumens were coming out.
It's just not something that people refer to in their everyday life and so they just don't know those numbers and so people need to hear it in the watts, but it's actually not an accurate discussion. So that's one sort of complication of this sort of, old-school nature of the incadescences sort of sent us down this sort of way of discussing these things that is not wildly helpful. But, everybody understands them, people like the light that comes out of them.
They had liked the sort of yellowy slightly whitish but mostly yellowy light that comes from them. As they start to disappear, my guess is is that people will get used to the sort of whiter lights of the fluorescents and the LEDs, and in the not-too-distant future, when you put in an incandescent bulb and that sort of yellowy cast comes from it, people will sort of wonder, like, "Wow these look really sort of odd." Like we'll get used to the new lights.
But right now, especially older generations, if you put in those brighter whiter lights, people will sort of be nostalgic for the yellowy light, but that will eventually go away. So incandescent systems, right, those are are on their way out, have certain advantages, but also a lot of disadvantages.
Log in to access files
From the course:
ARE 5.0 Project Planning & Design Exam Prep
Duration: 30h 57m
Author: Mike Newman<|endoftext|>Ceviz gölgesi yavuz gölgesi, söğüt gölgesi yiğit gölgesi.
atasözünün açıklaması ve anlamı:
Ağaçların gölgeleri bile doğal özelliklerini yansıtır, koz, yani ceviz ağacının altında insan mutluluk duyar; söğüdün gölgesi, boylu poslu bir yiğidin güvenini kazanır.
Benzer Atasözleri:
İki kişi dinden olursa bir kişi candan olur.
Dost, kara günde belli olur.
Kişi ektiğini biçer.
Bol bol yiyen, bel bel bakar.
El ermez, güç yetmez.
İnsanlık sende kalsın.
Baktın ki kar havası, eve gel kör olası.
Koyma akıl, akıl almaz (cepten düşer).
Ağır giden yol alır, hızlı giden yolda kalır.
Allah şaşırttı mı, dayıya hala dedirtirmiş.
ATASÖZLERİ SÖZLÜĞÜ ANA SAYFA
DEYİMLER SÖZLÜĞÜ ANA SAYFA
Atasözü Nedir? Özellikleri Nelerdir?
Tanımı:
Atalarımızın uzun denemelere dayanan yargılarını, tecrübelerini, bilgece düşünce ya da öğüt olarak ifade eden ve kalıplaşmış biçimleri bulunan kamuca benimsenmiş özlü sözlerdir.
Atasözleri, biçim yönünden diğer yazı türlerine göre farklı özellikler gösterir. Öykü, roman, şiir, deneme gibi yazı türleri pek çok cümlenin bir araya gelmesi ve anlam yönünden bütünleşmesiyle oluşur. Buna karşın atasözleri genellikle bir, en fazla iki cümleden oluşur. Bütün duygu ve düşünceler bu tek cümleye sığdırılır. Bu cümleler kişiden kişiye değişmez. Halkın ortak malıdır ve halk tarafından aynı biçimde söylenir.Atasözleri hakkında daha fazla bilgi için buraya tıklayın<|endoftext|>Labour Day in Malaysia
Labour Day, also known as Hari Pekerja in Malaysia, is a public holiday observed to celebrate the achievements and contributions of workers in the country. In Malaysia, Labour Day is celebrated annually on the 1st of May.
Labour Day in Malaysia has its roots in the international labour movement, which advocated for better working conditions, fair wages, and an eight-hour workday. The celebration of Labour Day in Malaysia can be traced back to the early 20th century, when it was first celebrated in 1912, under the British colonial administration. However, it was not until 1950 that the first official Labour Day was declared as a public holiday in Malaysia. Since then, the Malaysian government has continued to recognize and celebrate the importance of workers' rights and their contributions to the country's development.
National customs for Labour Day in Malaysia
On Labour Day in Malaysia, various activities and events are organized to commemorate the occasion. Workers and trade unions from different industries and sectors participate in parades, marches, and demonstrations to raise awareness about workers' rights and to advocate for better working conditions. Some of these events are held in major cities such as Kuala Lumpur, where thousands of people gather to show their support and solidarity.
In addition to the parades and demonstrations, the Malaysian government may also use the occasion of Labour Day to announce new policies, initiatives or benefits aimed at improving the welfare and livelihood of workers in the country. Public speeches by government officials and union leaders are also common, emphasizing the importance of workers' rights and the
|
6 | 1 | 2 |
demons are wide
awake. In view of this fact, anxiety and fear of destruction darken the spirit of modern man. He feels it in his nerves for they have become more sensitive, a phenomenon which is closely related with certain perfections of technology. Living as he does with the premonition of impending catastrophe, modern man is scared by any unfamiliar noise. For when our reason becomes helpless, it circles closer and closer around the catastrophe. The catastrophe is the event that obsesses the human mind when that mind no longer sees a way out, when it surrenders to fear instead of using its wits. This is why theories of catastrophe and their spokesmen crop up everywhere today. They mask their mental despair with doctrines of impending ice ages or cataclysmic floods. They have the moon fall up on the earth; they predict the end of civilization, and assert that the next war will mean the end of everything. In reality, however, nothing is at an end; only, they are at the end of their wits and therefore are plunging themselves into despair. The world catastrophe is an imaginary event projected into the future by a mind that has become helpless. Of course, it is certain that we must all die, and one does not need to be a prophet to forecast great upheavals and changes in the future. But then the power of death is manifested only in relation to life. At all times there has existed an exact relation between that actual destruction and what is ripe for destruction. And this is a state of affairs that human efforts cannot change. As was already mentioned, progress of science and exactitude of scientific knowledge are possible only on the basic assumption that the laws of nature with which the scientist must work are unalterable. The experiment would lose all authority for him if it could not be repeated ad infinitum, if the once-established answer to a given question would not always remain the same. Scientific knowledge progresses by means of a dead and rigid medium, and science also ages along with this knowledge. It moves toward a strict mechanism, which repeats all motion uniformly. The world is a machine, man an automaton. The machine which the technician designs just imitates this universal machine, this super-engine which serves as prime mover for all those pistons, wheels, drive chains, power belts, and turnstiles
with which the works of technology are built. The science which is coordinate to technology is causal; it stems from whatever insights we have been able to gain into the causal mechanism of nature. As this knowledge expands and produces great works, it becomes increasingly evident how this knowledge moves inescapably along the tracks which mechanical thinking has laid out for it. For technical progress, by its very nature, leads to that complete mechanization which subjects the individual to the selfsame compulsion. Lifeless time comes to the fore. Life becomes subservient to a ubiquitous automatism that regulates it. Science may be likened to a huge monastery, the innumerable cells of which are cubicles for men to work in. True, it is not a convent of devotees preparing themselves for heaven. Likewise, these men are not bound to celibacy. Yet, it cannot be denied that in the passion of science's devotees, there lies something ascetic, monkish, a certain sterility of the carnal man. The world of science is a hierarchy of those who are the fathers of its great ideas; as such it is inviolably male in character. All rational thinking, if traced to its origin, goes back to a male. Hence, not only scientific thinking but also technical thinking is essentially paternalistic. With his great respect for ideas, the scientist wants to establish and to secure their paternity, and this is one more reason why he lives in a paternalistic hierarchy. In whatever field the rationality of science may be active, it is always a causal rationality. He who is not able to think rationally and causally cannot be an exact scientist. That is why women are largely excluded from science; they have no business there. The women who do penetrate the scientific work cell are like sexless toilers in a beehive. Of course, there are some scientifically minded bluestockings, as well as those who ride in on the coattails of man. But, contrary to the beehive, the worker here is the exception, not the rule. The saying, Mulier taceat in ecclesia ("Women shall remain silent in church") applies to science also. Everything matriarchal is far removed from science and has to be kept away from it, because if female thinking were ever to gain the upper hand, it would destroy science itself; it would break the power of rational thinking. Women as a rule are not scientifically creative, neither are they inventors; our technology is not of their making.
Women are not of that gadgeteering species to which the technician belongs. Nor are they mechanics, fit servants for the machine. Technical progress, which favors the emancipation of woman in order to absorb her as a worker in its organization, not only robs her of her womanly power, it also impairs her in her deepest purpose. The sight of women employed in technical activities always has something incongruous about it. Lawrence rightly says that one leaves woman behind when one goes to the machine. And indeed, why should women be tinkering with machines? Their forte lies in quite another direction. Women pre-eminently belong to the life-giving side of existence, whereas the machines confront us with a dead world of sterile, sexless automatons. The machine is not animated matter like the golem of the Jewish saga. It is not clay enlivened by a learned rabbi's magic, nor is it a man-made spirit, a homunculus. It is a dead automaton, a robot, untiringly and uniformly repeating the selfsame operation. It is as rational as a mechanism can be, and the mechanical precision with which it works presupposes a mind working with mechanical exactness, such as has been described by Baudelaire in a bitter verse well applicable to the technician: Cette crapule invulnérable Comme les machines de fer, Famais, ni l'été ni l'hiver, N'a connu l'amour véritable. As this investigation is coming to a close, let us take one last look at the symbolic myth of Prometheus. The view which ancient myths hold of man as a gadgeteer is decidedly unfavorable. It would be even more adverse to the modern man of high explosives and the internal combustion engine. Prometheus, we remember, the wisest of the Titans, makes himself the protector of man the maker of things, but in his revolt against the gods he fails. It is a trait of deepest significance that Prometheus has to steal the fire from the gods, and that it is precisely this theft that provokes their wrath against Titans and men. What kind of fire is it that he brings to earth in a tinder tube, in the hollow stem of a sunflower? The myth is vague about the place where he
stole it, but the vessel he used gives us a hint that this fire did not stem from the smithy of Hephaistos but from the sun – that what Prometheus stole was part of the great sun-fire. What is the meaning of the theft? Without sun-fire life is unthinkable. The wrath of the gods, then, cannot have been provoked by the fact that Prometheus had tried to bring this fire to man as a life-giving element, for as a life-giving element the sun had always come to man; there was no need to steal it. No! the wrath of the gods was provoked by something very different, namely, by the enslavement of the sacred fire which Prometheus dared to perpetrate. This was an act of desecration, a most dangerous undertaking. The reason why this theft has fascinated the human mind so strongly and so long lies in those sacred, hallowing, purifying, atoning powers of the flame. Our modern engines are not powered directly by solar heat. Perhaps it is significant that the many attempts made to harness the sun's energy directly for the production of steam, for instance, have so far failed. What our technology robs and exploits is the stores where solar energy slumbers in transmuted forms, like coal and oil which are saturated with solar fire. The fire of the smithy, the first fire of technology thus stems from the earth. Alchemy later symbolized the spirit of that fire in the "salamander." It is earth-fire from which and with which technology starts out. From its very beginning it makes that fire subservient by building apparatuses which in one way or another are fire-operated. Our whole technical personnel has branched out from the blacksmiths. From them came the locksmiths and then, in the early ages of technical specialization, all those technical workers whose number today is legion. Today lives an iron race, They never rest in the daytime From the work's weight and from woe, They rest not at night. - Hesiod. Hephaistos himself is a patron of man, the maker. He is as sooty, sweaty, and pale as are all smiths, whose skin turns pale under the radiation of the
flames. Why does he limp, why does Wayland the Smith limp? And why is the smith's craft taught by dwarfs, deformed and crippled creatures? Because their relation to the treasures of the chasms, and caves, bowels of the mountains where the metals slumber, was of old considered unlawful and sacrilegious. Why is it that an ancient awe attaches to the art of metal working? Why have the myths so many evil deeds and disasters to report in connection with this craft, ever since the days of Daedalus? The gods manifestly do not love man the maker; they oppose him violently at times, while at other times they suffer him as a half-burlesque figure by their side, like Hephaistos. They beat down the revolt and the presumption of the Titans. But all technology is of titanic mold, and man the maker, is always of the race of the Titans. And so we meet him first of all in volcanic landscapes. From his titanic kinship stems his love for the enormous, the gigantic, the colossal; his delight in towering works that impress by their quantity and mass, the vastness of their piled-up matter. That trait, incidentally, explains why man the technician so often lacks a sense of beauty and proportion; he is not an artist. The myth of the Battle of the Titans and the myth of Prometheus tell us how the Greeks, the most artistic of all peoples, the familiars of beauty's golden rule, overcame the temptation to ally themselves with the Titans. And there can be no doubt that this myth once and for all described the comparatively modest role of the machine in antiquity. His restless industry, his busy activity, his eccentric thirst for power make man the gadgeteer hateful to the gods. The majesty of Zeus is fullness of being, quiescent strength. The strength of Prometheus, in contrast, lies in rebellious upheaval, in the urge to cast Zeus from his golden throne, to drive out all gods, and to make himself master of the world. Symbolically speaking, the technician is crippled in his mind also. He is one-eyed like all Cyclopes. His empiricism alone indicates this. He is not bothered by the question where ultimately his efforts lead. His factualness consists precisely in avoiding this question, because it lies outside the realm
of his work. We can expect from him technical thoughts, the kind which specialized knowledge can produce, but we must not expect from him any wisdom outside of the technical field. His preoccupation with facts not only prevents him from thinking about himself; it also blocks his approach to that more spiritual wisdom which cannot be reduced to mechanics. Still, his striving for power has limits that we can define, since we can delimit the zones wherein the present, near perfect, technology is effective. The pillage which is inseparable from its reckless and ruthless squandering of men and material cannot be continued for long. It ends with the exhaustion of those stores whereon this consuming technical progress rests. We often meet a tendency to represent these stores as inexhaustible, but such assertions are contradicted by the rationalism of exploitation. For this rationalization is the best yardstick for the decrease in natural wealth.12 All calculations concerning subterranean reserves are somewhat questionable , and they remain questionable even if the figures as such are beyond a doubt. For what all these statistics disregard is the fact that among the resources consumed by technical progress are the human resources. They fail to consider the limits of technological expansion, limits which are set by destructive forces, which rise against man and his works in the same degree as these elemental forces get harnessed in our engines. They forget, finally, that human organization is closely linked to the existence of unorganized wealth, that is, we organize for the uses of such wealth. Once, however, the unorganized wealth nears exhaustion, human organization sickens, becomes an end in itself, grows cancerously and without bounds; in the end it destroys all that is not organized. No human invention could possibly abolish the reciprocity between mechanical progression and elemental regression. With this reciprocity in mind, we hold a yardstick by which to measure those high hopes and expectations which are currently placed in new and unheard-of mechanical inventions. One of these is the claim that technical progress will, for instance, by atomic fission, supply man with energies of unfathomable scope, that man will succeed in tapping elemental powers far beyond anything hitherto known. Hopes for the harnessing of such powers are
perhaps not utopian. What is completely utopian is the naive optimism on which such speculations are based, and the innocence with which they are proffered. Is there anything man should fear more, anything that could become more terrible than that such discoveries and inventions should achieve success? What possibilities for destruction open up where such inventions are made!13 Science fiction, for which this kind of invention is a favorite, usually presents us with some noble hero who uses the new power for the benefit of all mankind. Even if this were so, what could be more abhorrent than the idea that the use of such an invention depended upon the will of one single being? Should we not have to fear him, however noble he might be, far more than the most vicious and inhuman criminal? To place such powers in the hands of one man is a thought more inhuman than any human crime. Technology's striving for power is unbroken. Daily we observe how its spearheads are driving farther, and how its organizations are constantly spreading out. In the course of this offensive drive, relations change between technology and the state. The state itself is now conceived by technology as an organization which must be brought to perfection, which must be controlled by a perfect automatism. The technician asserts that the state can properly fulfill its tasks only when it becomes organized on a completely technical basis, when the idea of the state and its purpose are organized into a centralized functionalism, an all-embracing machine which nothing escapes. But precisely this definition annihilates the very essence of the state. For, indispensable to the state is that which is not state, and can never become state. This something by which alone the state can be a state is the people. The people may well be conceived as the carriers of the state; there are all kinds of relationships between the governed and their government, but never can the people be the state itself. The very idea of the state is null and void once this basis collapses whereon the state is built. The technical organization of the whole people to the point where no sector of life remains unorganized, in the end brings the downfall of that state.
Rationalization is here understood as the organization of a business or industry, or the orderly division and subdivision of a system or process, to avoid waste, to simplify procedure, and to coordinate various parts, etc.; all primarily to effect a saving of time and money. In many instances in this work, the term is almost synonymous with mechanization. It was a muchused word and concept in Germany in the 1920's, when admiration for American production-line methods was widespread, and Henry Ford's autobiography sold by the hundred of thousands [Editor's note]. 1
The second main theorem of thermodynamics, the law of entropy, tells us that heat can be converted into work only to a limited extent. Thus, the designer of a machine never gets beyond the degree of efficiency of Carnot's cycle. 2
The zipper is an example of a method of mechanical opening and closing. The royalties which the clever inventor derives from his invention are calculated in inches. 3
One has to make a distinction between the kind of work that is done with the help of a mechanism, and the work that is done automatically, by a mechanism. The first demands manipulation, to an extent continuous, to an extent supplementary to the work of the mechanism – much like the manipulation of a tool. The second requires only control of the mechanism by the human hand. This distinction becomes quite clear when we compare the bicyclist and the automobile driver. The bicycle is one of those almost perfect mechanisms that can hardly be improved upon, and that as a mechanical tool must be operated continuously. For this reason it is well adapted to the human body: the handlebars correspond to arms and hands, the pedals to the feet, and it is entirely controlled by the balance of the human body. The motor cycle merely uses the form of the bicycle, modifying it more and more, because it is propelled not by continuous manipulation but by a mechanism that performs controlled automatic work. The evolution of the automobile begins with the introduction of the motor 4
into the readymade form of the horse-drawn carriage. Later, it goes on to the construction of a body especially designed for the motor. Now there is no longer any correspondence between the human body and the mechanically accomplished work. Those adaptations of the automobile body to the human body that still exist have no longer any relation to the work performed. Montesquieu' s doctrine of the separation of powers, which demands a separate bureaucracy for the legislative, the executive, and the judicial branches, and which declares the law to be binding on the executive and judicial branches (De l'esprit des lois, 1748), has found acceptance in the constitutions of the nineteenth century. The German "Law on the organization of Courts," of January 27, 1877 recognizes it in paragraph one: "The power of jurisdiction is exercised by independent tribunals subject only to the law." Rules of this sort, like many others, have a meaning which is forgotten sooner than the rule itself. To Montesquieu, the meaning of such rules is to limit the power of governmental authority, of the absolute monarch and his cabinet courts. But we live no longer in those days – today we are moving in quite another direction. 5
While writing these lines I happened across an article on the Philippine Islands which says about them and other lands in the Pacific: "Almost all of these lands and possessions are among those blessed portions of the earth where a truly almost unimaginable wealth of raw materials promises paradise to the modern man who know how to exploit them properly." The idea of exploitation is the first that comes to the author at the sight of paradise. This sort of homo faber fails to see that an exploited paradise is no longer paradise. 6
Liebig's famous work, Chemistry in its Application to Agriculture and Physiology, appeared in the year 1840. Translations of it into almost all languages appeared a few years later. This work asserts the necessity of returning to the soil those minerals that the crops draw from it. 7
The recognition and description of demoniacal traits in the machine deserves a
|
6 | 1 | 3 |
in grado di vedere la funzione di allerta prezzi. Basta fornire un indirizzo email valido e momondo ti avviserà immediatamente quando i prezzi cambiano.<|endoftext|>The Zoological Society of London and WWF published a huge wake up call for humanity, showing that human society is responsible for a shocking 58 per cent drop in the globe’s wildlife population in the last 40 years.
The landmark study shows that while the number of humans has more than doubled, the number of wild animals has more than halved, meaning we need 1.6 Earths to provide the natural resources we require at our current rate of consumption.
The Living Planet Assessment, the world’s most comprehensive survey of our planet’s health to date, shows that global vertebrate populations are on course to decline by an average of 67 per cent from 1970 levels by the end of this decade.
It will take urgent action to reduce humanity’s impact on global ecosystems and put a stop to the annual two percent decline in fish, bird, mammal, amphibian and reptile populations.
Coupled with climate change, it is deforestation, pollution, over-fishing and the illegal wildlife trade that is having irreversible ramifications for our natural world.
Dr Mike Barrett, head of science and policy at WWF, told the BBC:
It’s pretty clear under ‘business as usual’ we will see continued declines in these wildlife populations. But I think now we’ve reached a point where there isn’t really any excuse to let this carry on…We know what the causes are and we know the scale of the impact that humans are having on nature and on wildlife populations – it really is now down to us to act.
For the first time since the demise of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, we face a global mass extinction of wildlife. We ignore the decline of other species at our peril – for they are the barometer that reveals our impact on the world that sustains us. Humanity’s misuse of natural resources is threatening habitats, pushing irreplaceable species to the brink and threatening the stability of our climate.
Professor Ken Norris, Director of Science at ZSL said:
Food production to meet the needs of an expanding human population is a key driver of the over-fishing, hunting and destruction of habitats that is causing biodiversity loss. The Living Planet Report details the enormous strain agriculture places on freshwater systems, accounting for 70 per cent of water use and a substantial loss of wetlands. While large food industry interests have demonstrated they can feed the world, the report makes clear that the challenge now is to do so sustainably.
Barrett called the UK government to act at the UN Convention on Biological Diversity and take an increasing responsibility for our global footprint.
Humanity’s impact on Earth is now so profound that this year, a new geological epoch needs to be declared – the Anthropocene.
If we do not take action soon, we are in danger of losing some of nature’s most beautiful creations at the hands of man-made society.<|endoftext|>Il conflitto partito nel 2011 dopo le proteste contro il governo al-Assad ha avuto conseguenze drammatiche per la Siria con una crisi umanitaria evidente.
Negli ultimi 10 anni in Siria si sono registrati “innumerevoli abusi e gravi violazioni dei diritti umani e del diritto internazionale umanitario da parte di tutte le parti, in particolare da parte del regime siriano, che hanno causato enormi sofferenze umane”, ha denunciato in una nota l’Alto rappresentante per la politica estera dell’Ue, Josep Borrell, alla vigilia del decimo anniversario delle proteste antigovernative in Siria poi sfociate in uno dei conflitti più sanguinosi della storia recente.
Secondo Borrell, la “brutale repressione del regime nei confronti del popolo siriano e il suo fallimento nell’affrontare le cause profonde della rivolta si sono tradotte in un conflitto armato” a carattere “internazionale”.
Sottolineando come quella siriana sia “la più grande crisi dei rifugiati al mondo”, con 5,6 milioni di sfollati all’estero e altri 6,2 milioni all’interno della Siria, l’Alto rappresentante Ue ha dichiarato che “non esistono condizioni per un loro ritorno sicuro e in linea con il diritto internazionale”, aggiungendo che “tutti gli attori in Siria devono concentrarsi sulla lotta contro Daesh. Prevenire la rinascita dell’organizzazione terroristica rimane una priorità”.<|endoftext|>Commentary - Journal of Food Nutrition and Health (2021) Volume 4, Issue 6
An overview on Eating disorders and it classification
Suzanne H.W. Mares*
Department of Eating Disorders (Amarum), GGNet Mental Health of university, Warnsveld, The Netherlands
- Corresponding Author:
- Suzanne H.W. Mares Department of Eating Disorders (Amarum), GGNet Mental Health of University, Warnsveld, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
Accepted date: 26th November, 2021
Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal eating habits that have an adverse effect on a person's physical or mental health. Only one food problem can be solved at a time. Types of eating disorders include the problem of aging, in which the sufferer eats a large amount in a short period of time; anorexia nervosa, in which a person with an obsessive-compulsive disorder and excessive diet or exercise to counteract this fear; bulimia nervosa, in which a depressed person eats a ton (gorging) and, at the same time, tries to free themselves from food (vomiting); pica, where a heavy loader eats non-food; a state of arrogance, in which the victim discards uncooked or undernourished food; avoidant / prohibitive food consumption (ARFID), where people are not allowed to eat for a number of psychological reasons (see below); and a collection of other prescribed care or food matters. Problems with panic, depression, and drug abuse are common among people with eating disorders. These problems do not involve weight. The causes of eating disorders are unsatisfactory, although both natural and ecological factors seem to play a role. Social preference is accepted to add to certain food issues. People who have been sexually abused also have a responsibility to promote eating disorders. Other problems, for example, pica problem and rumination occur more frequently in people with educational disabilities. Treatment can be powerful in some, eating disorders. Treatment may change in combination and may include regimens, dietary regimens, a reduction in physical activity, and a reduction in weight loss efforts. Drugs may be used to help with part of the associated manifestations. Hospitalization may be required in real life situations. About 70% of people with anorexia and half of people with bulimia recover within five years. Recovery from jumble discharge is unclear and is tested at 20% to 60%.Examination of many dietary problems varies widely, showing differences in shape, age, and culture and methods used to find and measure. In the natural world, anorexia affects about 0.4% and bulimia affects about 1.3% of young women in one year. Anorexia nervosa affects about 1.6% of women and 0.8% of men in one year. As a single study, the percentage of women who develop anorexia sooner or later in life may reach 4%, or up to 2% of bulimia and itching disorders. Levels of eating disorders appear, according to all accounts, low in developing countries. Anorexia and bulimia occur more often in women than in boys. The normal onset of eating disorders in adolescence is late to early adulthood. The steps of some eating disorders are unsatisfactory.
Classification: These eating disorders are classified as psychological problems in general clinical manuals, including ICD and DSM.
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a limitation of energy expenditure compared to needs, resulting in a completely low body weight in terms of maturity, sex, a healthy lifestyle, and real wellbeing. It is associated with a rare feeling of fear of obesity or obesity, as well as a negative impact on how a person meets and evaluates their body weight or shape. There are two subtypes of AN: limited type, and bending / cleaning type. The restrictive type indicates presentations in which weight loss is achieved by eating less junk food, fasting, or exercise that can be excessive, and lack of digestive / cleansing procedures. Exhaust / purifying type indicates presentations where single tolerance holds certain portions of overeating and cleansing behaviors, such as bloating, nausea, and diuretics. The risk of not being fully resolved is BMI, and BMI less than 15 are considered the worst cases of the problem. Women of puberty and adolescents with anorexia often have amenorrhea, or lack of menstrual periods, due to the tragic weight loss these people experience. Despite the fact that amenorrhea was a model needed to eradicate anorexia in DSM-IV, it was reduced to DSM-5 because of its selective nature, such as men, menopause, or men who do not. Excommunication for various reasons neglected to meet this requirement. Women with bulimia may also experience amenorrhea, although the reason is not clear. Bulimia nervosa (BN) is defined as an occasional flow of energy followed by compensatory processes such as vomiting. Constipation, diet to the point of vomiting, improper use of detergents / urine remedies, or high physical activity. Fasting can also be used as a way to clean up after a canal. However, unlike anorexia nervosa, body weight is maintained at or above normal non-essential levels. The sensitivity of the sensitivity in the air with the number of episodes of compensation practices that are inappropriate each week .The Voraciously consuming food issue (BED) is shown in repetitive folding episodes without the use of the inappropriate compensation procedures found in the BN and A pigging out / clening subtype. Digestive episodes are related to eating faster than usual, eating until you are satiated, eating too much when you do not feel really hungry, eating alone because you feel humiliated by the amount you eat, and feeling angry, depressed or guilty after eating. To give the BED determination, a sealed problem about going out should be present, and the diet you eat should be normal once a week for a long time. The danger of not stopping completely is the amount of food eaten each week. Pica is a persistent source of malnutrition, uncooked or unsafe food. Despite the fact that materials vary according to age and accessibility, paper, detergents, hair, chalk, paint, and mud are among the most widely used pica products. There are various reasons for the onset of pica, including iron deficiency, hunger, and pregnancy, and pica often occurs in combination with other mental health problems associated with poor function, for example, learning disabilities, mental disorders, and mental illness. For pica analysis to be justified, the procedures should continue for something like one month.
The authors are grateful to the journal editor and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.
Declaration of Conflict Interests
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.<|endoftext|>Busto di Tiberio Giulio Cesare, Museo Archeologico di Venezia
La sottomissione alle autorità
È scritto: “Ogni persona sia sottoposta alle autorità superiori; perchè non v’è autorità se non da Dio; e le autorità che esistono, sono ordinate da Dio; talchè chi resiste all’autorità, si oppone all’ordine di Dio; e quelli che vi si oppongono, si attireranno addosso una pena…” (Rom. 13:1,2).
Fratelli, le autorità che esistono in questa nazione (come anche nelle altre) sono stabilite da Dio e noi ci dobbiamo sottoporre ad esse; non importa di quale corrente politica esse siano, noi dobbiamo onorarle e mostrarci leali e rispettosi nei loro confronti. Pietro scrisse: “Siate soggetti, per amore del Signore, ad ogni autorità creata dagli uomini…” (1 Piet. 2:13), ciò significa che chi ama il Signore si deve sottoporre alle autorità e non deve mostrarsi nè sleale e nè irriverente in verso di esse affinchè, il nome del Signore che lui ama, non venga biasimato. Paolo disse: “Rendete a tutti quel che dovete loro: il tributo a chi dovete il tributo; la gabella a chi la gabella; il timore a chi il timore; l’onore a chi l’onore” (Rom. 13:7); ogni autorità ordinata da Dio deve essere onorata e temuta, e per ciò che ci riguarda, noi, come cittadini di questa nazione, dobbiamo onorare il Presidente della Repubblica, i deputati e i senatori, i ministri del governo, le forze dell’ordine, quali Polizia, Carabinieri, Guardia di Finanza, e poi i giudici, i magistrati, i sindaci, gli assessori e i consiglieri comunali e qualunque altra autorità ordinata da Dio. L’autorità comanda ai cittadini di pagare i tributi (cioè le tasse) e questi devono essere dati all’autorità, perchè è scritto di dare “il tributo a chi il tributo” (Rom. 13:7) e perchè il Signor Gesù ha detto: “Rendete dunque a Cesare quel ch’è di Cesare” (Luca. 20:25). Oltre al tributo, anche la gabella (che è il diritto che il Comune e lo Stato esigono per l’introduzione di certe merci nel loro territorio o per il consumo di esse) deve essere pagata all’autorità preposta a riscuoterla. Quando Gesù cominciò anch’egli ad insegnare, Israele era sotto la dominazione romana; l’imperatore era Tiberio Cesare, il governatore della Giudea era Ponzio Pilato, e il tetrarca della Galilea era Erode (quell’Erode che aveva sposato la moglie di Filippo suo fratello), ma Gesù (che era Giudeo quanto alla carne) non istigò mai le turbe a ribellarsi alle autorità, non vietò mai di pagare i tributi a Cesare (benchè sapesse che parte dei tributi sarebbero stati impiegati per il mantenimento dell’esercito romano), non capeggiò nessuna fazione politica contro le autorità romane che governavano allora, e quando si trovò di fronte a Ponzio Pilato e ad Erode non ardì ingiuriarli e non si mostrò neppure irriverente in verso loro, ma mostrò loro il dovuto rispetto; Gesù Cristo ci ha lasciato l’esempio in ogni cosa onde seguiamo le sue orme, quindi faremo bene a stare soggetti alle autorità, a onorarle ed a pregare per loro affinchè Dio le salvi, le aiuti a governare con giustizia e le protegga, “affinchè possiamo menare una vita tranquilla e quieta, in ogni pietà e onestà” (1 Tim. 2:2). Continua a leggere<|endoftext|>According to Goffman, social interaction may be likened to a theater, and people in everyday life to actors on a stage, each playing a variety of roles. The audience consists of other individuals who observe the role-playing and react to the performances. In social interaction, like in theatrical performances, there is a front region where the actors are on stage in from of an audience. There is also a back region, or back stage, where individuals can be themselves and get rid of their role or identity that they play when they are in front of others.
Main Concepts in the Dramaturgical Framework
Performance. Goffman uses the term ‘performance’ to refer to all the activity of an individual in front of a particular set of observers, or audience. Through this performance, the individual, or actor, gives meaning to themselves, to others, and to their situation. These performances deliver impressions to others and information is exchanged to confirm identity. The actor may or may not be aware of their performance or have an objective of their performance, however the audience is always attributing meaning it and to the actor.
Setting. The setting for the performance includes the scenery, props, and location in which the interaction takes place. Different settings will have different audiences and will thus require the actor to alter his performances for each setting.
Appearance. Appearance functions to portray to the audience the performer’s social statuses. Appearance also tells us of the individual’s temporary social state or role, for example whether he is engaging in work (by wearing a uniform), informal recreation, or a formal social activity. Here, dress and props serve to communicate gender, status, occupation, age, and personal commitments.
Manner. Manner refers to how the individual plays the role and functions to warn the audience of how the performer will act or seek to act in role (for example, dominant, aggressive, receptive, etc.). Inconsistency and contradiction between appearance and manner may occur and will confuse and upset an audience. This can happen, for example, when one does not present himself or behave in accordance to his social status or position. A military man, for example, by appearance is supposed to behave tough and emotionless, as defined by society. However, when a veteran is diagnosed with a chronic disease, their manner may be full of emotion and feelings of helplessness. His appearance and manner are inconsistent and contradictory.
Front. The actor’s front, as labeled by Goffman, is the part of the individual’s performance which functions to define the situation for the observers, or audience. It is the image or impression he or she gives off to the audience. A social front can also be thought of as a script. Certain social scripts tend to become institutionalized in terms of the abstract stereotyped expectations it contains. Certain situations or scenarios have social scripts that suggest how the actor should behave or interact in that situation. If the individual takes on a task or role that is new to him, he or she may find that there are already several well-established fronts among which he must choose. According to Goffman, when a task is given a new front, or script, we rarely find that the script itself is completely new. Individuals commonly use pre-established scripts to follow for new situations, even if it is not completely appropriate or desired for that situation.
Front Stage, Back Stage, Off Stage. In stage drama, as in everyday interactions, according to Goffman, there are three regions, each with different affects on an individual’s performance: front stage, back stage, and off-stage. The front stage is where the actor formally performs and adheres to conventions that have meaning to the audience. The actor knows he or she is being watched and acts accordingly.
When in the back stage, the actor may behave differently than when in front of the audience on the front stage. This is where the individual truly gets to be himself or herself and get rid of the roles that he or she play when they are in front of other people.
Finally, the off-stage is where individual actors meet the audience members independently of the team performance on the front stage. Specific performances may be given when the audience is segmented as such.
Goffman, E. (1956). The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York: Doubleday.
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.