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Die mittlere Anamnesedauer des Gesamtkollektivs betrug 10–15 min (Standardabweichung [SD]: ±<5 min). In der Gruppe der Patienten, die sowohl einen Arztbrief als auch ein Medikamentenliste vorlegen konnten, befand sich die mittlere Anamnesedauer am häufigsten im Zeitfenster von 5–10 min (SD: ±<5 min). Keine Anamnese bei dieser Patientengruppe benötigte länger als 15 min. Hingegen findet sich in der Gruppe der Patienten ohne mitgebrachte Vorbefunde die Anamnesedauer am häufigsten im Zeitfenster von 10–15 min (SD: ±<5 min; vgl. Abb. 7). Bezüglich der Analyse der Anamnesedauer war es ohne Unterschied, ob die Patienten stationär oder ambulant behandelt wurden.
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Similar practice occurs with businesses, such as dog food manufacturers or retailers of pet products. Ultimately, who or where someone chooses to obtain their information from will depend on the effectiveness of the marketing strategy, making the brands or sources of information appear to be trustworthy, more than the quality of the information. Even then, no matter the quality of the information or how well (or not) it is communicated, the impact of the information will still depend on the individual receiving it. The individual still has to access, consume, understand, critique, interpret, and then accurately apply that information to his or her own individual circumstances.
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В качестве генетического маркера патотипов G. pallida рассматривают также ген-эффектор Gp-Rbp-1 (Carpentier et al., 2012), который кодирует секретируемый белок, индуцирующий специфический, или эффектор-активиро- ванный иммунитет (effector-triggered immunity), опосре- дованный геном устойчивости Gpa2 Solanum tuberosum. Создана база данных из 158 полиморфных последователь- ностей гена Gp-Rbp-1, найдено 8 сайтов, которые находят- ся под контролем положительного естественного отбора. Из них только один сайт, P/S 187, подходит для объяснения узнавания Gp-Rbp-1 геном Gpa2 (Carpentier et al., 2012).
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“Erst die Untersuchung des Mehr-Brücken-Problems kann zeigen, ob diese theoretische Methode eine Erklärung für die empirisch erwiesene Massengleichheit der Teilchen in der Natur liefert, und ob sie den von der Quantenmechanik so wunderbar erfassten Tatsachen gerecht wird.”
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A literatura aponta que esse problema também é importante entre universitários, mostrando que 15 a 25% deles desenvolvem algum tipo de transtorno mental durante a graduação, sendo a depressão um dos mais prevalentes3. Tanto no Brasil quanto em outros países, quando a depressão em universitários foi avaliada pelo DSM-5 e CID-10, as prevalências variaram entre 5 e 15%4,5, e quando rastreada através de perguntas sobre a sintomatologia depressiva, se apresentaram entre 30 e 50%6,7.
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As the occurrence of dyslipidemia, which is a condition considered normal in pregnancy , is exacerbated in preeclampsia , it is possible that the erythrocyte behavior is also associated with lipidemia in this pathological condition. The positive correlations presented by the dX/Amin and dX/H50 with VLDL-Cholesterol (Fig 4) show that elevated lipidemia is allowing the occurrence of increased red blood cell stability. Indeed, an increase in the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio in the erythrocyte membrane contributes to increase its resistance to lysis in hypotonic medium [50–52], which is true especially in view of a higher content of reticulocytes.
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Le diagnostic de TE, reposait chez cette patiente, sur les critères de l'OMS devant la présence d'une thrombocytose > 450 000éléments / mm3 à plusieurs reprises, la prolifération de la lignée mégacaryocytaire à la BOM sans anomalies de la granulopoïèse, de l’érythropoïèse, ni signes de myélofibrose, avec négativité de la recherche du transcrit BCR / ABL et en l'absence d'arguments en faveur d'une thrombocytose secondaire .
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Additional file 1: Figure S1. Read counts of the Sanger barcode failed samples. Stars indicate samples of which short amplicon(s) was detected in the HIFI assemblies. Short amplicons are those clusters of abundance > 10 and of length < 600 bp. The bar plot demonstrates the number of assigned reads for the barcode failed samples. The red dashed line shows the average value of all the successful samples and no significant difference was detected between the two groups (P value of 0.232, Student’s t-Test). Figure S2. Discrepancies between Sanger sequences and HIFI-SE barcodes. Entropy weight was calculated based on the strength of read depth by aligning the SE400 reads onto the assembled HIFI-SE barcodes, showing differences between ambiguous Sanger base-calling and specific nucleotide identified in HIFI-SE barcodes (A) and potential heteroplasmy (B). In addition, several N bases were present of insertion in Sanger sequence (C), also two N bases in HIFI sequences (D). Figure S3. Comparison of molecular and morphological identification.Additional file 2: Table S1. Sequence of the tagged primers. Table S2. Sample Information. Table S3. Statistical results of data output and COI barcode recovery. Table S4. Accuracy results of HIFI-SE barcodes compared with Sanger. Table S5. Wolbachia and fungi sequences detected from moth samples.Additional file 3. Library construction protocol of MGISEQ-2000 SE400 module.Additional file 4. The manual of HIFI-SE package.Additional file 5. A note for taxonomy identification issue of sample #035 in plate #4.
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Respondents (stakeholders) felt that there was a lack of planning at provincial and district health management levels for optimal implementation of the strategy. This was cited as one of the major impediments by the majority of the respondents. Respondents reported that planning was ignored to the extent that whenever any new project or program was introduced, there was emphasis on training without proper planning of activities: ‘Whenever any project comes, we do not discuss it we just start training – there is no planning at all …’ (Provincial-level planner/policy maker).
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Jak przedstawiono, zastosowanie MBW u chorych na astmę może poprawić zrozumienie procesów patofizjologicznych, szczególnie dotyczących nadreaktywności oskrzeli i dostarczyć dodatkowego narzędzia do oceny odpowiedzi klinicznej na stosowane leczenie. Wysoka czułość badania stwarza możliwość wczesnego rozpoznania i leczenia, a w przyszłości poprawy rokowania [3, 4, 5].
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As shown in Fig. 2a, undiluted saliva added directly to the cartridge (‘direct saliva’) gave the highest detection rate at 90.5 % (76/84), followed by NP-VTM (86.5 %, 32/37) and saliva in eNAT buffer (84.5 %; 71/84), which were significantly higher compared to nasal or oral swabs (P<0.0001). Saliva in VTM (71.4 %; 60/84) also performed better than oral swabs in VTM (50 %; 42/84) or eNAT (58 %; 49/84), as well as nasal swabs in VTM (50 %; 42/84) or eNAT (67.8 %; 57/84). We further analysed N2-gene cycle threshold (Ct) values for all positive samples as shown in Fig. 2b. Average N2 gene Ct values were the earliest for NP-VTM (32±5.4) and saliva direct (Ct=34.2±5.8) and most delayed for oral-VTM (37.5±4.9). The Ct range difference was statistically significant between saliva direct and oral-VTM (P<0.0001), oral-eNAT (P=0.0003) and saliva-VTM (P=0.0026). However, there was no significant difference of N2-Ct range for NP-VTM (P=0.28), nasal-VTM (P=0.09), nasal-eNAT (P=0.82) and saliva-eNAT (P=0.26) compared to saliva direct (Fig. 2b). There were three negative NP specimens that were detected in saliva, which we observed to have N2 Ct values of 39.4, 40.3 and 36.1 (Fig. S1c), indicating below LOD level viral loads possibly contributing to the discrepancy. Only one of the sample sets was positive by NP swab (Ct=35.4) but negative in saliva direct and both saliva swabs (VTM and eNAT). Overall, we found that saliva performed better or equal to NP swabs in detecting COVID-19 positive patients. Similarly, the samples that were negative by other respiratory specimens (nasal or oral swab) but detected by saliva swab in VTM or eNAT had an overall delayed N2-Ct values of >37, indicating better performance in saliva for samples with low viral load (sub-LoD) or less variability in saliva collection.
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Por último, desde la perspectiva social se plantea que la discapacidad física y las enfermedades crónicas pueden deteriorar la relación entre el individuo y su medio externo, lo cual afecta sus redes de apoyo y hace cada vez más compleja la participación en actos sociales. Dado que las relaciones interpersonales son necesarias para la regulación de los estados afectivos y contribuyen a mantener formas positivas de pensamiento, la disrupción de las redes sociales aumenta el riesgo de depresión 10.
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Andere Untersuchungen haben diese Erwartungen spezifiziert: Zum Beispiel argumentieren Berrebi und Klor (2008), dass externe militärische Bedrohungen Regierungsparteien stärken, besonders dann, wenn diese von der politischen Rechten sind. Tatsächlich sehen wir, dass unter den Parteien in der Bundesregierung vor allem die Union und weniger die SPD in den ersten Monaten der Pandemie profitierte. Allerdings stellt diese mit der Kanzlerin auch die oberste Krisenmanagerin, auf die sich ein „Rally ’round the flag“-Effekt, so es ihn denn gibt, fokussieren würde. Weiterhin könnte die Pandemie auch die radikale Rechte stärken. Im Laufe der Geschichte scheinen Krankheiten mit einer erhöhten Feindseligkeit gegenüber Außenseitern einhergegangen zu sein, die teils extreme Ausmaße annahmen wie zum Beispiel die Pogrome gegen die Juden in Europa zur Zeit der Pest (Schweitzer und Perry 2002). 2020 dokumentieren Nachrichtenberichte aus aller Welt eine Zunahme von diskriminierendem Verhalten gegenüber asiatisch aussehenden Personen im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie.2 Zumindest in Deutschland konnte die politische Rechte jedoch nicht von der Corona-Krise profitieren. In den bayerischen Kommunalwahlen im März 2020 schnitt sie in stärker betroffenen Gebieten schwächer ab (Leininger und Schaub 2020) und auch in den ersten Landtagswahlen 2021 verlor sie Stimmanteile.
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Beim Internistenkongress 1949 hatte Martini in seinem eingeladenen Plenarvortrag zur Psychosomatischen Medizin zwar zugestanden, dass allgemein akzeptiert sei, „dass psychosomatische Einflüsse existieren“. Ungewiss sei aber, „wie weit sie reichen“ (Martini 1949: 51). Diese Unklarheit führe zu der Frage,ob wir die bei der Untersuchung auf psychosomatische Zusammenhänge geübte Methodik und […] die dabei […] angewandten Beweisführungen für ausreichend und richtig halten können. (Ebd.)
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Extrapancreatic involvement has been mainly associated to LPSP with, in some cases, 2 to 4 organs affected . This is congruent with our findings, as we found 9/15 patients with multiorgan involvement, although organ involvement could probably be more common but pass unnoticed for not making a direct search of it.
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Many health workers globally work in difficult, unsafe, isolated and poorly equipped settings and themselves experience gender-based violence, poor salaries and working conditions and a lack of access to continuing professional development; all of which impede their ability and/or motivation to provide high-quality care [29, 30]. Poor working conditions undermine their ability or willingness to continue practising: many choose to leave the workforce due to frustration with their position and role or because they reach an arbitrary retirement age. A recent survey of 2470 midwifery personnel who provided care to childbearing women and their newborns in 93 countries showed that while midwives were committed to providing the best quality of care for women, newborns and their families, they were frustrated by the realities they experienced that constrain their efforts . To further highlight this, a systematic review has also shown that there are significant social and cultural, economic and professional barriers that prevent the provision of quality midwifery care in low and middle income countries and these need to be addressed to bring about improvements in the quality of care .
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Im Großteil der Studien (k = 39) wurde das jeweilige Forschungsziel explorativ untersucht. Von den eingeschlossenen Studien wiesen k = 18 ein qualitatives Design auf. Quantitative Studiendesigns wurden in k = 16 Studien bzw. Mixed-Methods-Designs in k = 13 Studien angewendet (s. Tab. 1). Die eingesetzten Methoden zur Datenerhebung umfassten bei quantitativen (Teil‑)Studiendesigns insbesondere Befragungen, standardisierte Testverfahren (z. B. Test für Phonologische Bewusstheitsfähigkeiten (TPB; Fricke und Schäfer 2008) in der Studie von Fröhlich et al. (2011) oder der Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test III (PPVT-III) und der Woodcock-Johnson Test of Achievement III (WJ-III) in der Studie von Goble et al. (2017)) und Beobachtungen. Qualitative (Teil‑)Studiendesigns setzten vorwiegend Interviews zur Datenerhebung ein; vereinzelt wurden ethnographische oder andere Methoden (z. B. Geschichtenerzählung, Journaleinträge, Action-Research-Ansätze) umgesetzt (s. Abb. 2).
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La leucémie aigue myélomonocytaire à composante éosinophile, LAM4 Eo. Selon la classification internationale Franco-Américano-Britannique (FAB), est une maladie rare, représentantentre 5 à 8% de l'ensemble des leucémies aigues myéloïdes, dont elle se distingue par son meilleur pronostic , avec un taux de rémission de l'ordre de 76% à 92%. Nous rapportons un cas de LAM4 Eo chez un patient de 51 ans, révélée par une pancréatite aiguë.
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The measures considered (animals less than 70 days of age and born from vaccinated dams, kept under vector protection conditions for 14 days and tested with negative result by RT‐PCR at the end of the vector protection period) to allow the movement of animals from a BTV‐infected to a BT‐free area, are all able to reduce the risk of introducing one or more viraemic animals, both considered singularly or in combination.A quantitative estimation of the final risk of introducing a viraemic animal following the above described procedure would be of limited utility, given the high levels of uncertainties affecting all variables and the large range of epidemiological conditions influencing the final risk. Given the current uncertainty level, the development of any quantitative model based on a series of assumptions (e.g. the level of infection in the population of origin, the period of the year, the vaccination policy in the country of origin, the specific protocols used for vector protection and the number of animals to be introduced) would make the outcomes rather unrealistic and scarcely applicable in practice.
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Finally, the prognosis is different depending on the onset of TBAD after EVAR. All cases of TBAD that developed during the perioperative period survived. In case 1, acute setting was successfully managed with medical therapy; however, the expansion of thoracic aorta during the chronic stage (at 4 months after EVAR) required open repair. In contrast, seven deaths occurred due to TBAD during the midterm postoperative period. Nomura et al. reviewed 10 cases of spontaneous complicated TBAD after EVAR and found that collapse of stent graft and thrombosis occurred in 80% of these cases and suggested that they are fatal because the reentry is not formed by the presence of the stent graft.2)
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La possibilità di rintracciare patologie endocrino-metaboliche da virus attraverso la storia è legata sia alle origini evolutive delle specie virali che alla comparsa di infezioni e/o epidemie associabili a virus, per le quali vi siano descrizioni cliniche compatibili con alterazioni dell’equilibrio endocrino-metabolico. In particolare, i virus patogeni a DNA (Herpex simplex, HSV, Citomegalovirus, CMG, Epstein-Barr, EBV, virus del vaiolo e dell’epatite virale) sono comparsi nel genere Homo da almeno 1,6 milioni di anni , suggerendo che l’innesco della selezione clonale immunitaria alle infezioni virali è iniziato nel Paleolitico. Differentemente, i virus a RNA (Ribovirus), che producono la maggioranza delle infezioni virali umane correnti, sarebbero divenuti clinicamente rilevanti (anche se comparsi evolutivamente da milioni di anni come zoonosi) solo negli ultimi 6.000 anni , con manifestazioni infantili di morbillo (Morbillivirus) nel IV millennio a.C. in Mesopotamia (civiltà Sumera). Come risultato, da almeno 5.300 anni, quando Homo sapiens iniziò la vita stanziale e urbanizzata che favoriva il contagio interumano, si sarebbe affermato un processo di selezione positiva nei geni per gli enzimi di sintesi dei vettori lipidici, come l’apolipoproteina (Apo)E4, quale risposta adattativa per potenziare la reazione immunitaria alle infezioni da agenti patogeni, tra cui i virus. Il risultato, però, fu l’introduzione di una condizione pro-infiammatoria e dislipidemica cronica favorente l’aterosclerosi, che ancora oggi permane come predisposizione nel nostro genoma, tramite specifici polimorfismi a singolo nucleotide (SNP) , il cui effetto dislipidemico è attualmente favorito dalle condizioni dietetiche, climatiche e sociali che hanno innescato l’epidemia di obesità del XX secolo. Testimonianza storica di questo processo è fornita dalla mummia di Ötzi, l’Uomo di Similaun (inizio Età del Bronzo, 3300 a.C.), ritrovato sulle Alpi ai confini tra Austria e Italia e conservato a Bolzano, portatore di omozigosi allelica per SNP su geni che raddoppiano il rischio di placca aterosclerotica, come quelli su 9p21, alla cui selezione è plausibile abbia contribuito l’infezione da DNA virus epatite B (HBV), di cui vi è evidenza nell’Età del Bronzo . Similmente, un ruolo cruciale per lo sviluppo di apolipoproteine altamente aterogeniche, come (Apo)E2, sarebbe stato svolto dall’Orthopoxvirus del vaiolo che si manifestò ripetutamente in forma epidemica nell’antico Egitto, come dimostrano le lesioni aterosclerotiche diffuse in mummie egizie del periodo del Nuovo Regno (1550–1069 a.C.), durante il quale comparvero epidemie di vaiolo come quella che portò a morte (1147–44 a.C.) il faraone Ramses V (Fig. 1g).
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Twenty mg of the freshly synthesized Ng-CuGA was introduced into 2 mL of 2000 ppm MB solution. The adsorption was allowed to proceed for 24 h at 30 °C. The MB containing Ng-CuGA was then objected for the reusability study by first regenerating the adsorbent. The regeneration was done by immersing the post-adsorption adsorbent in 0.5 mL ethanol. Then, the adsorbent was dried in a 50 °C oven overnight before used for another adsorption cycle.
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Tanto en Chile como en la región en su conjunto, existe evidencia limitada del uso de servicios de salud por parte de población migrante internacional. Estudios realizados por Cabieses y colaboradores11 - 15 han reportado que la población inmigrante sub-utilizaría el control de niño sano comparado con la población local, utilizaría en forma similar el screening de Papanicolaou a la nacional, y utilizaría más servicios de atención prenatal y ginecológica que la local. Además, se ha observado un claro gradiente socioeconómico en la mayoría de estas prestaciones.
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Many participants wished to retain the workstations at the conclusion of the trial despite these concerns about the design, suggesting that interest in sit-stand workstations can be sustained over the medium-long term. However, it is worth noting that, on average, participants reduced the amount of time spent standing as the study progressed . There is a need for additional research to identify the determinants of sustained behavioural change over time, particularly at the organisational and environmental level.
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Several neuromelanin-containing cells (Figures 10a,b,g,h) could be localized in the appropriate EM tissue sections from the PD brain tissue samples, using the corresponding cryo-PXCT tomograms as a guide. In one tissue section (Figure 10a) immunogold-stained for LB509 (Abcam ab27766), an antibody that is routinely used to identify Lewy pathology as aSyn-immunopositive structures in PD, we observed that immunogolds localized to lamellar membranous structures (Figures 10e,f, yellow dotted lines) within the neuromelanin-containing organelles. These immunogolds were not visible in the background, suggesting a specificity to these structures. Similar to the control human brain tissue section, the quality of the tissue post cryo-PXCT imaging was sufficient to clearly resolve both the neuromelanin-containing organelles (Figures 10b–f,i–l, black, dark-contrast features) and their typical corresponding lipidic vesicle component known as lipid bodies (Zucca et al., 2018) (Figures 10d,e,j, blue arrowheads). In another tissue section (Figure 10g) immunogold-stained for p-aSyn (phospho S129, Abcam ab59264), we found immunogolds (yellow arrowheads) localized to the edge of the lipid bodies. Our results are in line with similar immunogold electron microscopy-based studies that show aSyn is localized in the neuromelanin (Zucca et al., 2018), similar to our result. Those researchers suggest that the process of neuromelanin synthesis that starts in the cytosol, may involve accumulation of aggregated and β-structured proteins, including aSyn (Zucca et al., 2018).
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Nous avons inclus au total 68 salons de coiffure dont 47 salons de coiffure pour femmes (69,1%), 18 salons de coiffure pour hommes (26,5%) et 03 salons mixtes (4,4%). Dans ces salons de coiffure, 203 personnels présents au moment de l'enquête avaient donné leur consentement pour participer à l'enquête. Il s'agit de 138 (68,0%) apprentis et 65 (32,0%) coiffeurs/coiffeuses. L'âge moyen des participants était de 25 ± 7,38 ans (extrêmes: 19 et 45 ans) et le sex-ratio (M/F) de 3,3. La majorité (94,6%) des participants avait au moins le niveau d'instruction primaire. L'infection à VIH/sida était connue par tous (100%) les participants et tous affirmaient avoir suivi des séances de sensibilisation sur le VIH/sida par l'intermédiaire des médias (télévisions, radios) ou lors des séances de sensibilisation de masse. Aussi, 79,3% des participants définissaient l'infection à VIH comme étant une infection sexuellement transmissible (IST) (Tableau 1). La définition de l'infection à VIH comme étant IST était significativement associée au niveau d'instruction des enquêtés (p=0,01).
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Selenium is an essential trace element with low toxicity and high biochemical activity 5, 6. Selenium deficiency can change the redox balance, weaken the host's antioxidant capacity and immune response, and lead to the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus promoting viral replication and reducing the body's antiviral immunity 7, 8. Sodium selenite and seleniumcontaining yeast (the main component of which is selenomethionine) are widely used as selenium sources to supplement selenium deficiency 9. However, the current selenium supplements are generally faced with low bioavailability, high toxicity, narrow safety range and other problems, which limit the application of selenium supplements 10. Metal complex drug delivery system has attracted the interest of a wide range of researchers due to their advantages of improving drug bioavailability and efficacy. In our previous studies, we found that introducing selenium atoms into metal complex drug delivery systems can significantly enhance biosafety 11, specifically inhibit TrxR activity 12, sensitize radiotherapy 13, 14, and enhance NK cell-mediated killing effect 15. Therefore, we are also interested in designing metal complexes as selenium-containing drug carriers to improve the availability of selenium and enhance the antiviral effect.
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Одним из механизмов, объясняющих положительное действие антоцианов на зрение, является их способность восстанавливать зрительный пигмент родопсин. При этом было установлено, что гликозид и рутинозид Cy ускоряли регенерацию родопсина, а производные Dp не оказывали никакого воздействия (Matsumoto et al., 2003). В исследовании in vitro было выявлено, что антоцианы также способны ингибировать фотоокисление бисретинола A2E – хромофора липофусциновых гранул, который накапливается с возрастом в эпителиальных клетках сетчатки и может приводить к нарушению целостности их мембран (Jang et al., 2005). Поскольку гибель светочувствительных клеток сетчатки глаза рассматривается как основная причина развития возрастной макулодистрофии, полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что антоцианы могут служить эффективным профилактическим средством этого дегенеративного заболевания.
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Według klasycznej definicji Apleya i Naisha, nawracający ból brzuch charakteryzuje wystąpienie co najmniej 3 epizodów bólu brzucha w ciągu 3 miesięcy, o nasileniu ograniczającym normalną aktywność . Jednak w zaburzeniach czynnościowych za przewlekły uznaje się ból brzucha utrzymujący się przez okres co najmniej 2 miesięcy w sposób ciągły lub gdy nawraca co najmniej raz w tygodniu . Zaburzenia czynnościowe przewodu pokarmowego są również najczęściej przyczyną zgłaszanych dolegliwości bólowych. U niewielkiego odsetka dzieci podłożem będzie jednak schorzenie organiczne . Do częstych przyczyn organicznych przewlekłych bólów brzucha u dzieci należą: zakażenia żołądkowo-jelitowe, nietolerancje i alergie pokarmowe, choroba refluksowa przełyku, przewlekle zapalenie żołądka i dwunastnicy, z lub bez zakażenia H. pylori, choroba trzewna oraz zakażenia w obrębie układu moczowego. Wśród rzadszych przyczyn należy uwzględnić: bezoar, zapalenie wątroby i trzustki, kamicę żółciową, kamicę układu moczowego. Natomiast do przyczyn bardzo rzadkich zaliczamy eozynofilowe zapalenie przełyku, nieswoiste zapalenia jelit, nawracające wgłobienia, uchyłek Meckela, torbiele dróg żółciowych, schorzenia ginekologiczne (torbiele jajników), chłoniaki, guzy zlokalizowane w obrębie jamy brzusznej [1, 3].
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The usefulness of interaction scale for the physiotherapist had a low internal consistency, but analysis based on single items do not result in a different pattern compared with the reported analysis. This indicates that the current results are stable even though the internal consistency of 1 indicator was low. The low internal consistency most likely results from the richer impression formation process for humans than for technology. The more differentiated impression people have about the physiotherapist might have contributed to a lower correlation between the aspects summarized in the usefulness of the interaction with the physiotherapist scale (compared with the app). At the same time, similar scales are required to compare the outcomes of both types of intervention. Future research might opt for a more differentiated measurement approach making up for this issue.
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During the study, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant microbial phyla, with average abundance proportions of 32.26% and 30.24%, respectively. Proteobacteria has high levels of species and genetic diversity and covers a wide range of physiological metabolic types, including aerobic, anaerobic, autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria. These properties mean that Proteobacteria is widely distributed throughout natural ecosystems . Newberry et al. found that Proteobacteria was the dominant phyla using phylogenetic analysis based on PCR amplification and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and methyl co-enzyme M reductase genes in deep marine sediments. Li et al. showed that Proteobacteria occupied 76% of the clone library in surface sediments from deep waters west of Japan. Marchesi et al. analyzed approximately 400 bacterial clones using phylogenetic analysis and found that 96% were members of the Proteobacteria in deep sea sediment. Martins et al. observed that the dominant members of sediment bacterial community were mostly affiliated with the Proteobacteria phylum in eutrophic Azorean lakes. Lin et al. also suggested that Proteobacteria was the most dominant phyla, and its abundance proportion varied from 45.3% to 69.1% in different sites in the Guishui river. Zhao et al. showed that the abundance proportion of Proteobacteria ranged between 25.1% and 49.4% at different sites in a typical plateau lakeshore. Combining these results, we can conclude that Proteobacteria is the dominant phylum in both freshwater and deep-sea ecosystems. However, its abundance proportion in freshwater ecosystems is much lower than that in deep-sea sediments . Bacteroidetes can be found in just about every habitat in the biosphere, and it can be the main phylum even in saline alkali environments . Kirchman found that the entirety of Bacteroidetes represented about 5% of all 16S rRNA sequences. Zhong et al. showed that the average abundance proportion of Bacteroidetes accounted for 11% of total sediment microbial community abundance. The average abundance of Bacteroidetes in this research was much higher than that in other studies.
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Obiective: Realizarea unui diagnostic diferențial al etiologiei leziunilor de plex brahial, obiectivat prin semnele clinice și examenele paraclinice ale pacientului, în vederea stabilirii unei conduite terapeutice adaptate cazului și a evaluării prognosticului de recuperare.
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Op 10 december 2007 ondertekenden de bewindslieden van de Ministeries van VWS en OCW, vertegenwoordigers van de Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten (VNG), NOC*NSF, Verenigde Bijzondere Scholen (VBS) en de Cultuurformatie de bestuurlijke afspraken over de zogenaamde Impuls Brede scholen, Sport en Cultuur. Met de Impuls Brede scholen, Sport en Cultuur werden vier belangrijke doelstellingen nagestreefd [1, pag. 1]:het uitbreiden van het aantal brede scholen met sport- en cultuuraanbod in zowel het primair als het voortgezet onderwijs;het versterken van ongeveer 10 % van de sportverenigingen met het oog op hun maatschappelijke functie en het inzetten van sportverenigingen voor het onderwijs, de naschoolse opvang en de wijk;het stimuleren van een dagelijks sport- en beweegaanbod op en rond scholen voor alle leerlingen;bevorderen dat de jeugd tot 18 jaar vertrouwd raakt met een of meer kunst- en cultuurvormen, en het onder jongeren stimuleren van actieve kunstbeoefening.
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Definition of an appropriate unit of gene function has been identified as a fundamental issue in genetic association analysis using high-dimensional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data . On one hand, the use of SNPs selected to capture variation across the whole genome may lend itself to treating a single SNP as the unit of analysis for false-positive error control. On the other hand, allocating SNPs into regions and treating the region as the unit of analysis can substantially reduce the dimensionality problem at the genome level, and is natural when the region corresponds to a candidate gene. Neale and Sham put forth an eloquent argument for such a gene-based approach . Given that a set of SNPs deemed to be relevant to a particular candidate region can be identified, the issue of how to evaluate genetic association for the candidate gene/region remains. Application of test statistics for multiple SNP markers within a chromosomal region may help address the problem of multiple testing by increasing the power to detect associations and/or reducing the number of tests conducted.
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A study using the human cell line Caco2BBE as a model of intestinal cells was performed to biochemically characterize the transport of Pi of cells grown at 1 mM Pi (control condition) or 4 mM Pi, the latter representing the high concentration of Pi in the intestinal lumen . The cells in all conditions exhibited Na+-independent Pi transport, suggesting that type II and III Pi transporters are not involved. At 1 mM Pi, Na+-independent Pi transport was proton-activated, as evidenced by its inhibition by two proton ionophores (Carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone-FCCP and Carbonyl cyanide- m-chlorophenyl hydrazine-CCCP) . In addition, increased Pi uptake was observed to be insensitive to FCCP and CCCP at 4 mM Pi (Table 1) .
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After the preparation of the oligonucleotides containing the 4-(tritylthio)butyl group with and without cisplatin, the following procedures were performed prior to the disulfide bond formation: deprotection of the mercapto function with silver nitrate, removal of the silver nitrate by gel filtration, duplex formation in the presence of DTT, and removal of the DTT by gel filtration. The second gel filtration step was the starting point of the reaction for the formation of the interstrand disulfide bond, which was analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC under heat-denaturing conditions. We expected that the product with an interstrand cross-link would be detected as a new peak, which would be converted to the two peaks of the original SH-containing oligonucleotides by the addition of a reducing agent. In our preliminary experiments, solutions of the duplexes were prepared, as described above, and aliquots were analyzed by HPLC at one day intervals. A new peak, which disappeared by the addition of DTT, was detected for GG-5, Pt-5, and Pt-6. However, the reaction occurred very slowly, and the results could not be reproduced accurately. We focused on the dissolved oxygen (DO), which is required for disulfide bond formation, and tried to accelerate the reaction by increasing its concentration. Measurements of the DO concentration in the solution revealed that a high DO concentration (about 400% of DO at ambient atmospheric pressure) could be maintained by bubbling oxygen gas through the solution and attaching an oxygen balloon to the sealed vial. Under this oxygen atmosphere, both the reaction rate and its reproducibility were improved to great extents.
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Concluzii: Pacienții vârstnici cu osteoartrită prezintă în general un stil de viață sedentar, cu limitarea activității datorită manifestărilor osteo-articulare și nu pot sesiza debutul patologiei cardiovasculare. Realizarea unei anamneze extinse cu insistarea asupra elementelor ce ar putea indica prezența afecțiunii, precum și realizarea unei evaluări clinice și paraclinice minuțioase sunt esențiale în diagnosticarea, evaluarea corectă și aplicarea unui program de recuperare optim la pacienții vârstnici.
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Participants were classified as having MCI if they scored below -1.5 SD in at least two tests in one or more cognitive domains . More specifically, we used the following criteria: MoCA ≥ 26 points and the score below 1.5 SD in two tests in at least one cognitive domain, MoCA < 26 points and the score below 1.5 SD in any two tests, and objective memory deficit on the MoCA and the score below 1.5 SD in at least one test from the memory domain.
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The raw materials used for forming the O3+ O2+ CO2 hydrates were oxygen certified to the purity of 99.9% (volume basis) and carbon dioxide certified to the purity of 99.995% (volume basis) by their supplier (Japan Fine Products Corp., Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan), and water deionized and distilled in our laboratory. Oxygen was used for generating an O3+ O2 gas mixture (>11% in mole fraction of O3) with the aid of a dielectric-barrier-discharge-based ozone generator (ED-OGS-HP1, EcoDesign Co., Ltd., Saitama Prefecture, Japan).
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As a result of our study, one could argue that CXCL9 expressed by tumour stroma cells promotes the escape of the melanoma cells from tumour metastases. On the one hand, the chemokine CXCL9 has been described as a key mediator in homing and metastasis, as confirmed by the fact that expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in the lymph nodes facilitates melanoma cell metastasis in a murine model (Kawada et al, 2004). By contrast, however, it was demonstrated that the application of chemokines and cytokines, either together with chemotherapy or as an alternative, can be beneficial for the treatment of malignancies in experimental animal models (Sgadari et al, 1997; Kanegane et al, 1998; Rodolfo and Colombo, 1999; Clinton et al, 2000; Keilholz and Eggermont, 2000). Owing to the fact that the treatment of melanoma metastases with interferon-α or interferon-γ alone or in combination with dacarbazine (or other chemotherapeutic) shows only little or no significant difference in median survival or overall response rate (Shepherd and Milne, 2000), it might be possible that the melanoma cells overcome the antitumour effect by exploiting the high CXCL9 expression to escape from the tumour and to form novel metastases at distant sites.
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Themes were inductively identified from the raw data without any predetermined classification. The researchers first generated rough codebooks to guide the coding process and the codebooks were refined as the coding process went on. This coding process was interactive and reflective with movement between phases and two experienced qualitative data analysts of the research team working in collaboration, minimizing bias in the interpretation of the interview data. Discrepancies among codes that emerged throughout were reviewed and merged with other suitable themes after group discussions until consensus was reached. We closely followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist to guide and report our findings .
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Le patient a reçu 3 cures de chimiothérapie selon le protocole VAC (Vincristine Actinomycine et Cyclophosphamides) avec une scannographie d'évaluation à 2mois qui a objectivée une augmentation de la taille de la masse scrotale 9,5cm/7cm avec stabilité des ADP inguinales et iliaques externes, sans métastases (Figure 4). On a procédé à une reprise chirurgicale dans nôtre service, qui a consisté à une hémiscrotectomie droite jusqu'aux zones saines macroscopiquement associé a un curage inguinal et pelvien droitdont l'étude anatomopathologique n'a pas révélé d'envahissement scrotale ni ganglionnaire avec une réponse thérapeutique estimée à 70% (Figure 5). Un protocole de surveillance est établie sans récidive loco-régionale à ce jour avec un recul de 12 mois (Figure 6).
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Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb), an oxygen-binding protein, can facilitate the intracellular oxygen transport and improve the utilization efficiency of oxygen, which help alleviate the limitation of low DO on fermentation (Zhang et al., 2007; Stark et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2014; Stark et al., 2015). The heterologous expression of VHb gene (vgb) in various hosts can improve cell growth, bioremediation, protein synthesis and metabolite synthesis (Setyawati et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2012; Stark et al., 2015). The expression of VHb raises cell density of vgb-bearing Gordonia amarae and improves the production of trehalose lipid biosurfactants (Dogan et al., 2006). The production of rhamnolipid biosurfactant is enhanced by 10-fold in the vgb-recombinant strain (PaJC) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to its wild-type strain (Kahraman and Erenler, 2012). The heterologous expression of VHb is also particularly beneficial to polysaccharide-producing microorganisms grown in highly viscous broth (Li et al., 2016b; Liu et al., 2017). The bio-synthesis of SLs is an energy-requiring process that consumes a large amount of oxygen (Van Bogaert et al., 2009), so it is necessary to construct a recombinant VHb-expressing strain of S. bombicola to improve SLs production using fat and oil feedstock.
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Seven small studies, including patients of European (n = 6)11–16 and Asian (n = 2)16,17 ancestry, did not find evidence that the SNCA REP1-risk genotype impacts AAO in PD (Fig. 2 and Supplementary Table 3). In contrast, three studies showed a significant association between REP1 and an earlier AAO18–20. Further, a meta-analysis on data from 4190 cases from 15 sites involved in the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson’s Disease (GEO-PD) Consortium, including some of the previously cited studies, found higher REP1 scores (defined here as the sum of allele score, with each 259-, 261-, or 263-bp allele contributing 0, 1, or 2 points, respectively) to be associated with an earlier AAO (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.06; p = 0.01)21.
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Es un proceso constante y permanente de aprendizaje que, hoy en día, está limitada al uso de las TIC y las diferentes competencias requeridas para la generación y evaluación de contenido diverso. En este sentido, es fundamental comprender y fomentar diferentes habilidades conforme a las necesidades de cada sector: el paciente, que también es usuario (aprender cómo se usan), el tomador de decisión (saber para qué se usan) o el desarrollador y generador de contenido (comprender cómo llegar a más usuarios).
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Numerous proteins similar to PTEN have been identified as regulators of AKT activation and stability. PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) has been shown to attenuate AKT signaling through the regulation of distinct AKT isoforms . Deletion or loss of expression of PHLPP has been reported in a significant fraction of colon and prostate cancers [99, 100]. FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) has been shown to act as a scaffolding protein for AKT and PHLPP, as well as promote the dephosphorylation of AKT. Furthermore, FKBP51 is downregulated in pancreatic cancer samples and cell lines . Posttranslational modifications of AKT through ubiquitinating proteins such as TTC3 have also been reported ; however, this protein role in oncogenic AKT activation has not been studied. Lastly, the p53 target gene PH domain-only protein (PHLDA3) has been found to compete with the PH domain of AKT for binding to membrane lipids, thereby inhibiting AKT translocation to the cellular membrane and, thus, its activation. Consistent with its function, loss of the PHLDA3 genomic locus is frequently observed in primary human lung cancer samples . However, such studies have not yet been reported in HNSCC cases (Figure 1).
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肺癌细胞侵入临近血管和淋巴管，很容易经过体循环到达远处器官形成转移。因脑的血供量约占全部体血循环的1/5，故发生转移癌细胞的机会较多。在肺癌脑转移的基础研究方面，近年来的研究报道较多。有研究表明在脑转移的肺癌患者中，CXCR4蛋白存在过表达，提示高表达CXCR4与肺癌脑转移相关。在以特异性脑转移肺癌细胞株PC14/B为研究对象的研究中发现，抑制该高表达的S100B蛋白后，细胞增殖和迁移功能明显降低，从而提示S100B蛋白的表达与脑转移的存在密切相关。microRNAs调控目标RNA的表达，在肺癌脑转移中也有相应研究，有研究[18, 19]认为microRNA-328、microRNA-378在肺癌脑转移中起着重要作用。亦有研究表明在SCLC患者血清中，高水平表达胎盘生长因子（placenta growth factor, PLGF）的患者更易于发生脑转移; 应用体外血脑屏障模型，进一步证实了PLGF可以使SCLC细胞透过血脑屏障，当抑制了PLGF的表达后，在模型中会抑制体外SCLC细胞发生脑转移的几率。巢蛋白（nestin）是一种中间丝类型的蛋白，对神经元分化有作用，是神经干细胞的特征性标志物。SKARDA等用免疫组化检测114例NSCLC标本，发现在发生脑转移的肺鳞癌中表达明显高于肺腺癌。
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Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoantibody-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases (1). Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies binding to astrocytic aquaporin 4 (AQP4), the principal water channel of the central nervous system (CNS) (2), cause autoimmune astrocytopathies, characterized by recurrent attacks of the optic nerve, brainstem, and spinal cord (1). In some patients, presenting with NMOSD clinical and radiological features, serum IgG autoantibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are detected (3). MOG-IgG autoantibodies (Abs) are associated with a wide spectrum of demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disorders, such as optic neuritis (ON), myelitis, clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), NMOSD, acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM), or multiphasic demyelinating encephalomyelitis (MDEM) (4). These clinical syndromes are now frequently referred as MOG encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) or MOG antibodies disease (MOGAD) (5). According to the revised NMOSD diagnostic criteria, patients without evidence of AQP4-IgG can be assigned to NMOSD, even though their relevance as nosological entity is currently under discussion (6).
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Blue line represents linear fit calculated for patients with HVPG lower than 16 mm Hg (represented by blue dots), red line shows the same for patients having HVPG equal to or higher than 16 mm Hg (represented by red dots). Dashed black line shows linear fit calculated for all patients together. All patients: β = 1.52, 95%CI = (1.27–1.77), p <0.001; LS [kPa] = 4.9 + 1.5 x HVPG [mmHg]. <16 mm Hg: β = 1.34, 95%CI = (0.59–2.10), p = 0,001; LS [kPa] = 6.0 + 1.3 x HVPG [mmHg]. ≥16 mm Hg: β = 1.25, 95%CI = (0.73–1.77), p <0.001; LS [kPa] = 11.4 + 1.2 x HVPG [mmHg].
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HKC-8 cells were seeded on collagen-coated polycarbonate transwell permeable supports (Corning 3413) at 3X105 cells/ cm2 . Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER) was measured (ohm) by EVOM epithelial voltohmmeter. Resistance obtained from a well with only media was subtracted from the other wells. HKC-8 cells, OK and primary mouse proximal tubule cells grown on transwell support were treated with 100nm insulin basolaterally for 1 hour. FITC-alb (100μg/ml) was added to the apical site ½ hour into insulin treatment. Cells were lysed after PBS++ washes. Values were displayed as time-fold increase of albumin uptake in comparison to control cells. Primary mouse proximal tubule cells were isolated from C57BL/6 mice by collagenase treatment and passing the cell suspension through different size sieves . Primary proximal tubule cells formed a confluent monolayer 5–6 days after seeding. The origin of the cells was confirmed by megalin staining.
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The QM/MM optimized geometry of the reagent system varied slightly with the initial structure obtained by MD simulation. The distance from the oxygen atom of conserved water molecule to the N5 atom of FAD was 2.93 Å with that the angle consisted of O-H and N5 was 175.49°, which indicated a strong H-bond was involved in the catalytic center. The angle between N10, N5 and the hydrogen-bond donor was 136.90°. Meanwhile, the site of oxidative attack bound in front of the flavin at a distance of 3.70 Å from N5, and defined the angle with the N5–N10 atoms at 111.42°. The optimized configuration was quite compatible with the stereochemistry principles for productive binding of flavoenzymes , demonstrating that the model was reliable for the QM/MM calculation. Along the reaction scheme of the direct hydride transfer mechanism, the energies of the reagent (R), transition state (TS), and immediate product (P) were determined by two-dimensional QM/MM potential energy surface by defining the distances of R(H′-CM) and R(N5-H′) as the reaction coordinates (Figure 7B,C). In the optimized reagent, R(H′-CM) = 1.11 Å and R(N5-H′) = 2.88 Å; while in the optimized immediate product, the H′-CM bond is broken (R(H′-CM) = 2.87 Å) and the N5-H′ bond is formed(R(N5-H′) = 1.05 Å). The calculated potential energy barrier of Proposal 1 is ΔE≠ = 32.82 kcal/mol, which is slightly higher than that of other flavoenzymes, such as MTOX that the calculated potential energy barrier for hydride transfer mechanism is about 27.4 kcal/mol. This higher potential energy barrier is quite in agreement with the experimental results that the rate constant for the oxidation of substrate of LSD1 is 2–5 orders of magnitude slower than values reported for other flavoprotein oxidases .
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We sequenced fungal diversity and measured biomass and glucose consumption in small volumes of fermenting grape must (microcosms). We prepared ten replicates each of five dilution treatments plus uninoculated controls (Fig. S1 in ). Treatments included undilute unsterilized grape must and unsterilized must serially diluted 1:10, 1:103, 1:105, and 1:107 with 0.22-μm-filter-sterilized must (D0, D1, D3, D5, and D7, respectively). One millilitre was removed from each inoculated microcosm for DNA sequencing before incubation, and the remaining 10 ml microcosms were incubated for 14 days at 30 °C with 200 rpm shaking. Inoculum sizes ranged from about 50 to 5×108 colony-forming units (CFUs) per 10 ml microcosm. All must originated from a single vat (Vat 17). Must was collected 64 h after the vat was filled, and transported on ice for 24 h before microcosm preparation.
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We exemplify the evaluation of these four measures with the spatiotemporal trajectory of the caller, 𝓟, who had the largest RoG from all 20 million trajectories in the Rwandan data—see Fig 1. During October 2005, 𝓟 made only two calls in this provider’s network: the first call from a location near the northern border with Uganda and the second call from a location near the western border with Democratic Republic of Congo. The NTU measure for this person is equal to 2 (10th percentile). The DT-SL and the MDT measures are both 236.8 km (78th and 100th percentile, respectively). The RoG of 𝓟 is 118.6 km.
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A LiDAR sensor with the same HAR, TP, detects the object more accurately at a short distance than at a long distance because of the angle at which the laser is transmitted. Therefore, when considering the distance to the object, if the laser’s HAR is low, the LiDAR sensor can be used for short-range object detection, and the higher the laser’s HAR, the more suitable it will be for detecting long-range objects. We designed the LiDAR sensor so that the LD’s TP depends on the vehicle’s speed, as depicted in Algorithm 1. When the vehicle’s speed is faster than 100 km/h, the LiDAR sensor uses the maximum accuracy to detect distant objects at high speed. However, when the vehicle’s speed is slower than 100 km/h, Nx is reduced for low-power operation. As shown in Table 3, when the vehicle’s speed is faster than 100 km/h, the LiDAR sensor transmits the laser 580 times to the maximum number of laser transmissions (Nx.max) with 0.25° HAR. When the vehicle is driving at medium-high speed (80–100 km/h), the LiDAR sensor transmits the laser 483 times at 0.3° HAR, so our method reduces Nx by 16.73%. Nx is decreased by 28.62% with 414 laser transmissions and 0.35° HAR, when the vehicle’s speed is medium (60–80 km/h). For medium-low speeds (40–60 km/h), the LD transmits the laser 362 times, which reduce Nx by 37.56%, and the HAR is 0.4°. If the vehicle’s speed is slower than 40 km/h, then the minimum number of laser transmissions (Nx.min), 322, can decrease Nx by 44.48% with a 0.45° HAR.
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Serum and CSF concentration-time data from individual animals were analyzed using a non-compartmental analysis method as implemented in the Win-Nonlin 5.2 program (Pharsight Corp., Mountain View, CA). The following pharmacokinetic parameters were observed or calculated: maximum observed serum concentration (Cmax); time of Cmax (Tmax); area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 to the last sampling with a concentration >lower limit of quantitation (AUClast) as calculated by the linear up/logarithmic down trapezoidal summation method; area under the serum concentration-time curve extrapolated to infinity (AUCinf) calculated by the linear up/logarithmic down trapezoidal summation method; mean residual time derived from time 0 to infinity (MRTinf); terminal half-life (t½) calculated as 0.693/λZ (where λZ is the apparent terminal rate constant derived from the slope of the log-linear regression of the log-linear terminal portion of the plasma concentration-time curve).
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Na Tabela 2, observa-se que os profissionais com menos tempo de formação profissional consideraram em maior proporção do que aqueles com 10 anos ou mais de formados que a família pode estar presente ns procedimentos de intubação traqueal e RCP (p=0,007 e p=0,024, respectivamente). Para os demais procedimentos, os dados também indicam, embora sem associação estatística, que os profissionais formados há menos tempo são mais favoráveis à permanência da família na sala de emergência.
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Limitierend soll hervorgehoben werden, dass die vorliegende Stichprobe nicht repräsentativ ist. Die vorliegende Stichprobe erwies sich beispielsweise als überdurchschnittlich gebildet, großstädtisch und aus Singles bestehend. Es ist anzunehmen, dass eher sexuell aufgeschlossene Menschen oder diejenigen mit einem in diesem Bereich vorhandenen Leidensdruck sich zur Teilnahme an der Studie bereit erklärt haben. Zudem sind Antworttendenzen nach sozialer Erwünschtheit möglich. Des Weiteren kann die verwendete qualitative Analyse zwar dem Anspruch gerecht werden, Hypothesen über relevante Kategorien zu generieren, nicht jedoch über deren klinische Relevanz, wofür eine quantitative Folgestudie angemessen wäre. In künftigen Studien wäre es sinnvoll, die gewonnenen Kategorien in einer möglichst repräsentativeren Stichprobe zu quantifizieren und Moderatoren für die beschriebenen Veränderungen herauszuarbeiten, um zu klären, ob diese beispielsweise durch bestimmte Geschlechter oder Beziehungskonzepte prädiziert werden.
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Tea is now the second-most popular alcohol-free beverage worldwide and has great economic importance. Remarkably, so-called blend-tea (scented tea and flavored tea) maintains its popularity in Europe, the USA, and also nowadays, in the Asia zone for its unique flavor and remarkable health benefits. A wide variety of blend teas which combined different teas and various plant sources have been developed in the sale markets, such as citrus tea (citrus and black, green and white tea, orange flavor), jasmine green tea (dry jasmine flower and green tea, floral), blend lavender tea (lavender and black or green tea, herbal and floral), blend peach oolong tea (peach and oolong tea, sweet and fruity), and blend rose black tea (dry rose and black tea, floral) etc.
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Parámetros epidemiológicos: incluyen el número reproductivo básico (R0), el tiempo de generación de la enfermedad, es decir, la velocidad en que se deben activar las medidas de intervención para frenar el crecimiento de la epidemia, y la proporción de la transmisión antes del inicio de los síntomas 17,19.
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Nous avons réalisé une étude transversale descriptive et analytique allant du 1er juillet 2014 au 31 juillet 2014. Notre travail a porté sur une population de militaires issue du 11e contingent sénégalais envoyée en mission de maintien de la paix au Darfour (Soudan) selon le diagramme de flux suivant (Figure 1). Nous avons inclus dans notre étude les militaires qui étaient détachés à TINE (Nord Darfour) et chez qui la recherche d'AgHBs dans le sang a été réalisée durant leur visite médicale d'aptitude. Cette visite médicale a été réalisée dans les 4 mois qui précédaient la mission. Nous n'avons pas inclus dans notre travail les militaires chez qui l'entretien directif individuel n'a pas été réalisé. Nos données ont été recueillies à partir de l'exploitation du dossier médical de chaque militaire et grâce à des entretiens directifs individuels. Il s'agissait de données socio-démographiques, des antécédents familiaux d'hépatopathies chroniques (hépatite B, cirrhose du foi, cancer du foie), de la notion de voyage à l'étranger, d'une vaccination antérieure contre l'hépatite B, de la notion d'exposition sanguine, de la notion d'exposition sexuelle, de la notion de consommation de drogues, des données cliniques, des données paracliniques (AgHBs, ASAT, ALAT entre autres) et du traitement en cours La recherche de l'AgHBs a été effectuée dans le sérum des participants par la méthode immunochromatographique sur plaque. La réaction antigène-anticorps, se traduisant par l'apparition d'un trait coloré en rose, signait la positivité de l'antigénémie HBs. Les données ont été saisies sur une base Epidata version 3.1 et analysées grâce à la version 12 du logiciels Stata. Les comparaisons de proportions ont été réalisées par le test du chi-carré ou le test exact de Fisher si nécessaire. Les moyennes ont été comparées à l'aide du test T de Student, de l'ANOVA ou du test de Krusskal Wallis. La recherche de facteurs associés a été réalisée à l'aide d'un modèle de régression logistique. Les différences ont été considérées comme significatives lorsque la valeur de p correspondante était inférieure à 0,05.
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Далее мы сосредоточимся на анализе потенциальных генов-кандидатов, участвующих в формировании генетической адаптации к экстремальным условиям среды у турано-монгольских пород КРС, в том числе по данным полногеномного секвенирования (см. таблицу). По сравнению с данными полногеномного генотипирования ОНП, результаты полногеномного секвенирования дают бόльшую статистическую мощность при выявлении следов отбора и лучшее разрешение для локализации потенциальных генов-кандидатов и генетических вариантов, непосредственно влияющих на адаптацию, поскольку они не привязаны к аллелям, размещенным на чипах, которые нередко представлены только в популяциях, использованных для создания чипа (Boitard et al., 2016).
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Targeting alternative pathways responsible for non-canonical GLI activation together with SMO inhibition could therefore represent an intriguing strategy to allow the complete eradication of GLI-dependent tumors. In this section we provide examples of preclinical or clinical studies focused on combinatorial therapies with HH antagonists and inhibitors of the above-described oncogenic signaling pathways.
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Geralmente, os aneurismas de artérias femorais estão associados a aneurismas em outras topografias, como aorta e membros inferiores, e são bilaterais em 5% dos casos1,4-8. Em 50% dos casos, há associação com DAP no território fêmoro-poplíteo4. Os aneurismas falsos e pseudoaneurismas são mais comumente encontrados na literatura, principalmente os casos pós-traumáticos e iatrogênicos6,12. Considera-se que a baixa incidência se deva a contenção oferecida pelas estruturas musculares adjacentes, em especial o músculo adutor magno, envolvendo e protegendo a artéria3,5-8,11.
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La Organización Panamericana de la Salud pone a disposición de los gestores y del personal de la salud una síntesis sobre las recomendaciones informadas en la evidencia para el seguimiento oportuno y adecuado de los recién nacidos en riesgo. Asimismo, presenta aspectos a considerar como algunas barreras para la implementación de las recomendaciones, como la falta de modelos de atención nacionales, pruebas de tamizaje neonatal, personal capacitado, financiación de los sistemas de salud y un impacto negativo en el seguimiento oportuno en contexto actual de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se proponen como facilitadores el fortalecimiento de las políticas y programas de atención neonatal, mejorar la comunicación con los padres, las redes nacionales e internacionales y el desarrollo de estrategias de telesalud (p. ej., seguimiento por vía telefónica y videollamadas). Esperamos que esta síntesis favorezca la diseminación y el uso de las guías que elabora la OPS y contribuya a mejorar la calidad de la atención y la salud de los recién nacidos en la región de las Américas
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Gen FMR1 jest pierwszym genem, w którym zidentyfikowano mutację dynamiczną – znaczące zwiększenie liczby niestabilnych powtórzeń trójnukleotydowych CGG, jako przyczynę rozwoju choroby . Ponadto, jak wykazały retrospektywne badania rodzin pacjentów z FXS, potwierdzone badaniami prospektywnymi, zwielokrotnienie powtórzeń CGG w genie FMR1 może być także przyczyną wystąpienia przedwczesnego wygasania czynności jajników oraz zespołu drżenia i ataksji związanego z zespołem FXS (odpowiednio, FXPOI – Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency i FXTAS – Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome).
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A total of 830 college students aged 18–22 years were investigated, with an average age of 19.57 ± 0.85 years. Males accounted for 29% (n = 241) and females accounted for 71% (n = 589). Sophomores accounted for 50.1% (n = 416) and Juniors 49.9% (n = 414). The proportion of participants with tinnitus, earache, and ear tightness was 51.6% (n = 428), 31.4% (n = 261), and 28.3% (n = 235), respectively. Overall, 61.2% of the students reported a family history of hearing loss. Grade distribution was statistically significantly different between the intervention group and the control group in male students (p < 0.001), while the grade distribution and average age were statistically significantly different in female students (p < 0.001) (Table 1).
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Conversely, by freeing themselves from genome size constraints, typical eukaryotes can actually conserve long evolved genes in their own genome under much weaker selection pressure and smaller population sizes than prokaryotes. This sets the stage for a radically different exploration of the genotype-phenotype space of eukaryotes , as compared to the adaptation-driven selection of prokaryotes and their "mutualized" gene pool.
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a) If there are ethical or legal restrictions on sharing a de-identified data set, please explain them in detail (e.g., data contain potentially identifying or sensitive patient information) and who has imposed them (e.g., an ethics committee). Please also provide contact information for a data access committee, ethics committee, or other institutional body to which data requests may be sent.
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Oczywiście, jest pożądane, aby wskaźniki stanu zdrowia najmłodszej populacji opierać nie tylko na zgonach, ale także na zachorowaniach a nawet rozwijać wskaźniki pozytywne, ale zanim to osiągniemy, musimy dokonywać jak najgłębszych analiz danych, które są dostępne.
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The country priest who visits his parishioners in times of plague comes face to face with the horror of suffering by way of his experience with it; it remains a mystery to him. The scholar’s notion of suffering, in contrast, is a problem that remains objective and abstract.
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A decade ago, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) proposed 18F-FDG PET/CT criteria for assessing response to treatment according to Mandard's TRG. This proposal has not yet been universally accepted, and 2 main problems remain: (1) to define the timing between the end of therapy and 18F-FDG PET/CT and (2) to define the cut-off above which a patient may be considered a responder . In a study of 44 patients, Capirci et al. identified a 66.2% RImax value as the best cut-off value for defining response to therapy and for discriminating responders from nonresponders (according to Mandard's TRG criteria), with 81.2% sensitivity and 79.2% specificity . Subsequently, in a cohort of 81 patients Capirci et al. found similar results .
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This was a predictive study of the theory-based cognitions and clinical behaviours of general practitioners (GPs) from Scotland. Theory-based cognitions were collected by postal questionnaire survey. Behavioural data was collected from routinely available prescribing data, and planned analyses explored the predictive value of theory-based cognitions in explaining variance in the behavioural data.
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Este estudo revelou a necessidade de educação a respeito de IDP nos programas de residência no Peru. Programas de especialização podem contribuir para maior conscientização, suspeita e encaminhamento.(26,28) Segundo um estudo mexicano, são necessários 75 médicos treinados para que um paciente seja encaminhado.(29) Programas estruturados de especialização devem se voltar para propiciar o conhecimento geral sobre IDP, como doenças que podem ser tratadas que requerem suspeita diagnóstica precoce, e informar os médicos quanto ao encaminhamento dos pacientes, além da organização de campanhas regulares de conscientização.
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All compounds showed good antibacterial activity against the bacteria used, with a MIC range of 0.008–0.24 mg/mL. The order of activity of the compounds tested was 5 > 15 > 8 > 20 > 1 > 6 = 12 > 16 > 18 > 4 > 17 > 10 > 3 > 11 > 13 > 14 > 7 > 2 > 19 > 21 > 9. The sequence of activity showed that compounds 5, 15, and 8 exhibited the best antibacterial activity against all the bacteria used.
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To establish the nature of the subsequent GST rearrangement and the degree of conformational changes necessary for Au–S formation, beyond the time scale of a MD simulation, we compared the secondary structure of GST in solution with that of GST-GNPs using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD)45 (Fig. 3b). We found that, whereas the overall secondary structure was well preserved, there were some changes in the spectrum in the presence of GNPs, especially a marked reduction of the SRCD value around 190 nm. This is consistent with an increased contribution of disordered/irregular conformation, which would reduce the positive band at about 190 nm associated to the α-helical conformation of GST in solution. We concluded that the rearrangement of GST on GNPs leads to partial denaturation of the GST secondary structure. A similar change in the structure of GST bound to silver colloid was detected, suggesting a similar interaction (Supplementary Figure 5). It is still debated to what degree proteins on nanoparticles do denature and what the actual impact on their function is. For example, it has been reported that albumin-specific antibodies can bind albumin adsorbed on GNPs, suggesting that denaturation is not dramatic and does not affect all of the native epitopes10,45.
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Drosophila CrzR is a member of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) family and structurally homologous to the mammalian GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone) receptor . Physiological roles of the CrzR have not been explored. Using mutant flies lacking Crz neurons or CrzR, we investigated biological functions of the Crz signaling system in D. melanogaster. Both types of mutant flies displayed significantly delayed recovery from ethanol-induced sedation. We further show that such ‘hangover-like’ phenotype of the CrzR mutant likely results from fast acetaldehyde accumulation due to higher ADH production as a result of transcriptional up-regulation and lower ALDH activity. Only the latter event was observed in the Crz-CD mutant, suggesting a complicated signaling mechanism associated with the CrzR.
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Finally, cross sections of the SCI were examined histologically, and CM‐DiI labeling allowed the migration of NSCs from the initial transplantation site to be easily observed (Figure 6A‐C and Figure S5A‐C). More NSCs in the LV‐5HRE‐bFGF‐NSCs group survived, and NSCs in the 5HRE‐bFGF‐NSCs group migrated better than NSCs in the other groups. These results indicate that the administration of LV‐5HRE‐bFGF‐NSCs could promote spinal cord regeneration, impair glial scar formation, promote axon regeneration across the scar boundary, and enhance neurological function recovery in rats after SCI.
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Como o ICI é um antagonista de REs, como contraprova para descartar a ativação de REs, utilizou-se E2, que é agonista de REs e GPER, e PPT, um agonista seletivo de REα. As concentrações de E2 para ativar REs variam na ordem de picomolar e nanomolar, como 0,1nM até 10nM.4 Na literatura, são utilizadas concentrações de PPT desde 5 a 200nM, então, optou-se por utilizar concentrações intermediárias, como 10nM e 100nM.14
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The PALB2 gene is located on chromosome 16p12.2 and encodes a protein that colocalizes with BRCA2 in nuclear foci, promotes its localization and stability in nuclear structures, and enables its recombinational repair and checkpoint functions . PALB2 binds the single-strand DNA and directly interacts with the recombinase RAD51 to stimulate strand invasion during the HR process . Biallelic PV/LPVs in the PALB2 gene (formerly FANCN) are associated with FA. However, monoallelic PV/LPVs in the PALB2 gene lead to a higher risk of BC for both sexes , which has been recently estimated at 53% for females and at 1% for males by the age of 80 . In patients with PALB2 PV/LPVs, there is also a low increase in the risk of OC and of pancreatic cancer , which has been estimated at 5% and 2–3%, respectively, by the age of 80 . The NCCN guidelines suggest that women with PALB2 PV/LPVs should undergo annual mammography with consideration of tomosynthesis and breast MRI starting at the age of 30 . Moreover, RRM is an option that should be considered, whereas data about RRSO are insufficient, and family history should be taken into account .
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Three validated patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) scores were taken: the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) or Oxford Hip Score (OHS) , the EQ-5D-5 L score , and a 5-point Likert scale for patient satisfaction. Also recorded were the use of opioids at all time points.
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Dadas las dificultades para la obtención y movilización de víveres, se esperaría que el contenido nutricional fuera deficiente, sin embargo, la relación entre las raciones suministradas en climas templados y cálidos en 1916 y las de 1941 (figura 2), evidencia un alto consumo de proteínas, indicador del tipo de trabajo realizado y de una mejor calidad de vida 13. La yuca se consumía más en las zonas mineras, por ser más resistente a la sequía y por su mayor rendimiento, lo cual era una ventaja para su distribución quincenal en las minas 5. Generalmente, los ancianos y los niños esclavos de las rancherías cultivaban yuca y plátano, y las esclavas ancianas cocinaban y asistian a los enfermos 12.
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The present work is a continuation of the work of Zaborowicz et al. In the presented research, a set of 21 original indicators was used to create deep neural network models. The aim of this study was to verify the ability to generate a more accurate deep neural network model compared to models produced previously.
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Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive de 10 ans (1er janvier 2000 au 31 décembre 2009), réalisée dans le service universitaire d'ORL de l'hôpital de Fann. Etaient inclus dans cette étude tous patients porteurs d'une tumeur submandibulaire (opéré ou non), confirmée par un document histologique. L'histologie a été obtenue à partir des pièces opératoires et des prélèvements biopsiques. La pièce opératoire a été obtenue après une submandibulectomie par voie externe. La biopsie a été faite sur des tumeurs inopérables. Les patients dont l'ablation de la glande submandibulaire a été faite: au cours d'un évidement ganglionnaire pour un cancer de voies aérodigestives supérieures, pour une submandibulite lithiasique ou allergique n’étaient pas inclus dans cette étude. Les données ont été collectées sur une fiche d'enquête à partir des dossiers des malades et des registres d'histologie.
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在ICI相关心律失常中，以房性心律失常的发生率最高，如窦性心动过速、房性早搏、房性心动过速、房扑甚至房颤；房性心律失常更多的与患者的心脏外情况有关，比如年龄较大、低氧、感染、肺部病变或者ICI相关的内分泌异常如甲状腺功能异常。相对发生率较低的心律失常如包括频发室性早博、非持续性室速、尖端扭转室速以及房室传导阻滞甚至心脏骤停，大多伴发心肌病变尤其是心肌炎，预后更差。临床上如果出现心悸、头晕、黑矇或意识丧失，要考虑心律失常可能，如果心电图或24 h动态心电图出现上述室性心律失常，应该立刻开展对心脏情况的全面评估。
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The experimental paradigm and procedure used in Experiment 1 was also used in Experiment 2, but only qualitative data were collected in the post-experimental interview in order to obtain a greater depth of qualitative information regarding each domain while preserving the relatively small amount of time it took to conduct the experiment. Interview data from six participants were excluded because a second experimenter collected only quantitative ratings for these participants. As before, a 2 × 2 repeated-measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data for each dependent variable.
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Some of the therapists say they take up less space in internet-based treatment, compared to face-to-face treatment. This is probably an effect of both the written aspects and the time aspects that is evident in internet-based treatment. The therapist in the quote below describes difficulties in being certain that the patient receives necessary information and at the same time, the importance of not drowning the patient in writing:You can kill any patient by text just because the therapist wants to deliver all he or she has. It’s really difficult to not try to add everything you have just to sort of be sure that the patient has got what he or she needs. Yes, it’s difficult (IP34).
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Almost all participants experienced practical and social changes in their daily lives. For ill mothers, routines such as household chores or child-care duties were more exhausting, and mothers reported they felt that the need to learn to let things go. All fathers had to take up more daily duties during the treatment period. As most fathers were the principal earner of the families, they simultaneously had to fulfil their occupational obligations and to take care of the children and their ill partner. This led to multiple burdens, which most of the fathers took as a challenge and countered pragmatically.
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A search of the Cambridge Structural Database (Version 5.40, last update May 2019; Groom et al., 2016 ▸) for organic co-crystals of 3-chloro-2-nitrobonzoic acid with base molecules gave six hits (five compounds), namely, 4-benzpylpyridine (1/1) (refcode UHAQUP; Sugiyama et al., 2002 ▸), quinolone (1/1) (AJIWOG; Gotoh & Ishida, 2009 ▸), phthalazine (1/1) (CALJUW; Gotoh & Ishida, 2011 ▸), isoquinoline (1/1) (NOVLAN; Gotoh & Ishida, 2015 ▸) and 4,4′-bipyridine (2/1) (XICGUO and XICGUO01; Rawat et al., 2018 ▸). The structure of 3-chloro-2-nitrobonzoic acid itself (XICHAV) was also reported by Rawat et al. (2018 ▸). There is no structure for a salt of 3-chloro-2-nitrobonzoic acid with an organic base molecule. In the acid molecules of the above compounds, the dihedral angles between the benzene ring and the nitro group, and between the benzene ring and the carboxy group are in the ranges 79.1 (3)–89.9 (3)° and 1.4 (3)–14.2 (3)°, respectively, which agree with those in the three title compounds. The ΔpK a values for UHAQUP, AJIWOG, CALJUW, NOVLAN and XICGUO are 1.32, 3.08, 1.65, 3.58 and 3.27, respectively, and these compounds show short O⋯N distances in the O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds of 2.600 (3), 2.561 (1), 2.540 (2)–2.571 (2), 2.573 (1) and 2.613 (3) Å, respectively. Furthermore, in the short hydrogen bonds of AJIWOG, CALJUW and NOVLAN, the H atom is disordered over two positions. On the other hand, the compounds (I), (II) and (III) with ΔpK a values of 0.98, 1.42 and 3.02, respectively, show longer O⋯N distances of 2.673 (1), 2.631 (1) and 2.636 (1) Å, which suggests that the ΔpK a value is not an effective measure of hydrogen-bond strength in the 3-chloro-2-nitrobenzoic acid–organic base system.
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Effects of different treatments on the expression of IAA12 and PIN-LIKES6 genes in peach roots. (A) Gene expression after short-term treatment. (B) Gene expression after long-term treatment. Error bars represent the averages of three biological replicates ± SD. Different letters represent differences between different lines in each gene. Significance was defined as P < 0.05.
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Collaborative debriefing module. Both (A) and (B) are views for the teacher. During the debriefing, the teacher can access the assessment done by each group. (A) shows the evaluations done for members of a group, while (B) shows summary charts of all the evaluations done for the students.
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Bluthochdruck, Übergewicht, Rauchen, Diabetes zählen zu modifizierbaren Risikofaktoren, die altersabhängig signifikant mit einem erhöhten Alzheimer-Risiko assoziiert sind [16, 29]. Bewegungsmangel (also weniger als 0,5 h von schnellem Gehen, Jogging oder Laufen pro Woche; ) ist ebenfalls ein wichtiger Risikofaktor. Ernährungsbedingte Risiken beziehen sich auf die Risiken eines westlichen Ernährungsstils und die positiven Wirkungen vitamin- und polyphenolreicher Diäten mit geringer Aufnahme an gesättigten Fettsäuren, wie z. B. eine mediterrane Diät. Auch pflanzenbasierte Diäten wie MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) und DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) können insbesondere bei Personen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen kognitiv protektiv sein . Soziale Isolation und kognitive Deprivation sind ebenfalls lebensstilassoziierte Risikofaktoren, da Personen mit einer längeren Teilhabe am Arbeits- und Sozialleben bessere kognitive Funktionen gegenüber Personen mit einem weniger sozialaktiven Lebensstil zeigen . Personen ohne Hörbeeinträchtigung zeigen eine bessere Aufrechterhaltung der kognitiven Fähigkeiten.
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In this section, we compare our structure solution with the structure solved from the indexed frames by Martin-Garcia et al. (2017 ▸; PDB entry 5uvj). The electron-density maps of the structures were analyzed and rendered using PyMOL (Schrödinger LLC, 2015 ▸). Fig. 7 ▸ shows ribbon representations of the backbone chains of our molecular model (blue) and the structure of 5uvj (red). The Cα atoms between the two structures have an r.m.s.d. of 0.131 Å, which is visible as an occasional change between the red and blue colors along the backbone chain. Deviations greater than this value occur mostly in the solvent-exposed regions, with a maximum deviation of 0.337 Å. The r.m.s.d. value for the entire protein molecule between the two structures is 0.138 Å, with a maximum deviation of 0.338 Å. More specifically, Fig. 8 ▸ displays the disulfide bonds (yellow) within two superimposed structures, the EMC-reconstructed one (light red) and that of PDB entry 5uvj (light blue), showing insignificant deviations between the structures within the more radiation-damage-prone bonds. The average deviation for the atoms of the thiol groups is 0.12 Å. Fig. 9 ▸ shows the 2F o − F c electron-density map in blue mesh, where F o represents the observed structure-factor magnitudes, and both F c and the phases were calculated from the initial model for phasing, PDB entry 4zix. Also shown is the superposition of our structure solution (yellow) and that of PDB entry 5uvj (red) around the sodium-ion binding pocket. The largest discrepancy in atomic displacements (with a deviation up to 0.33 Å) comes from the solvent-exposed side chains.
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胞浆circRNA通过海绵miRNA调控肺癌的发生发展是目前机制研究的主流，而核内circRNA在肺癌中的机制研究尚不清楚。然而大多数circRNA并不具备丰富的miRNA结合位点，对大量circRNA作为miRNA海绵提出了质疑，同时提醒我们circRNA在肺癌中的作用机制可能不仅局限于miRNA的海绵。翻译蛋白质，尤其是具有活性的蛋白质，均是circRNA的重要功能，而肺癌中异常表达的circRNA或许可以通过翻译出活性蛋白质调控其恶性进展，这些活性蛋白是否可以成为新的靶点是未来研究一个重要方向。此外，在circRNA调控肺癌进展的机制研究中，均以单一的肿瘤细胞为对象，而肿瘤微环境中的circRNA是否异常表达，微环境中不同细胞中的circRNA是否异常表达，以及这些circRNA是否可以在不同细胞中传递进而促进肿瘤进展均不清楚。肿瘤微环境是肿瘤发生发展的土壤，深入理解circRNA在肿瘤微环境中的作用机制，在肿瘤早期未成熟前进行干预是重要的研究方向。
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Monitorowanie nasilenia kaszlu służy przede wszystkim ocenie skuteczność zastosowanej terapii, ale także ocenie jakości życia pacjentów z problemem kaszlu przewlekłego. Istnieją wystandaryzowane narzędzia przeznaczone do oceny określonych parametrów kaszlu jak nasilenie, częstotliwość czy wpływ na jakość życia. 1) Do subiektywnych metod oceny nasilenia kaszlu należy a) wizualna skala analogowa (visual analoque scale − VAS), w której pacjent zaznacza nasilenie kaszlu na 100 mm skali (lub 10 cm linijce) rozpiętej pomiędzy stanem bez kaszlu, a największym nasileniem kaszlu w życiu. Skala ta jest łatwo dostępna, powtarzalna, a badanie krótkie (rycina 2) . Inną subiektywną metodą jest b) dzienniczek kaszlu (Cough Diary), wypełniany codziennie i zawierający pytania dotyczące częstości kaszlu i objawów towarzyszących. Zalecane jest wypełnianie dzienniczka osobiście przez dzieci co zwiększa wiarygodność testu . 2) Do obiektywnych metod oceny częstotliwości kaszlu służą urządzenia automatyczne. Aktualnie na rynku dostępnych jest kilka rodzajów takich urządzeń, jednak tylko dwa z nich mają zastosowanie w klinice . a) Leicester cough monitor (LCM, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK) (rycina 3a) składa się z mikrofonu i urządzenia mp3 z możliwością rejestracji dźwięku przez całą dobę. Program automatycznie kwalifikuje nagrane dźwięki jako kaszel.
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Os resultados deste estudo mostraram a melhora da SBR com o pré-tratamento com NAR e/ou TMZ na I/R. Embora o mecanismo preciso dos efeitos antioxidantes de NAR e TMZ na SBR não esteja claro na I/R renal, é possível que a NAR, a TMZ ou a combinação de ambas aumentem a SBR na I/R renal devido à melhora da função do sistema nervoso autônomo. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que a administração de antioxidantes pode melhorar a SBR através da melhora da função autonômica.24 Os mecanismos centrais da NAR e TMZ precisam ser esclarecidos em novos estudos sobre a função do sistema nervoso autônomo.25
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Benigne Tumoren der Mundhöhle können sich von einer Vielzahl von Geweben ableiten. Im Vordergrund stehen Gefäße, Binde- oder Nervengewebe. Es handelt sich um proliferative Prozesse, die verdrängend wachsen können, jedoch meist keine Destruktion umliegenden Gewebes verursachen. Eine Entartung oder Metastasierung dieser Tumoren ist in aller Regel nicht zu erwarten. Klinisch relevant werden sie im Fall funktioneller Einschränkung, was auch eine radiologische Diagnostik im präoperativen Rahmen notwendig machen kann.
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本文建议对于初发初治、临床典型的3度-4度腹泻可以无需等待肠镜检查即开始类固醇激素。但是对于长期使用类固醇激素效差的难治性irAE需要尽快进行肠镜检查，首先排除感染，如巨细胞病毒（cytomegalovirus, CMV）和难辨梭杆菌等继发感染，并且在长期反复腹泻的病例应该对比肠镜检查结果。对于难治性肠炎腹泻尤其抗TNFα单抗效果不佳时还可以尝试使用IL-6抑制剂、IL-1抑制剂、IL-17单抗、IL-23单抗及IL-12单抗。必要时需外科手术引流术和穿孔修复术。另外，消化道毒性方面也有关于食道炎、胃炎、十二指肠炎和小肠炎、胆管炎及胰管炎的个案报道。
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A student’s T-test was used to compare metabolite or gene expression between two distinct treatments. Spearman correlation analyses among the clinical parameters and differential proteins were implemented using R language, and its networks were displayed by Cytoscape software (version 3.6.). The heatmap of differential protein alterations were generated by ‘pheatmap’ R package. The correlation plots of plasma lipids with clinical Indices were implemented by ‘corrplot’ R package. Differences were considered to be statistically significant as p-value < 0.05.
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Tendo em vista as considerações anteriores, apresentam-se como questões norteadoras do estudo: qual é o perfil dos pacientes internados por transtornos mentais e qual a influência das estratégias implementadas no comportamento das taxas de pacientes internados?
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KLF5 overexpression has been associated with stemness and self-renewal of cancer stem cells (Maehara et al., 2015). To test the role of KLF5 in spheroid growth in EOC, we generated spheroids from EOC cells and stemness of the spheroids were confirmed using stem cell markers (Figure 6A). There was a dramatic increase in the expression of stem cell markers, CD44, CD133, NANOG, and OCT4 in spheroids compared to respective adherent cells (Figure 6A and Supplementary Figure S6A). To ascertain the role of KLF5 in stemness maintenance in EOC, we silenced KLF5 in EOC cells and grown in spheroid medium. Interestingly, silencing of KLF5 significantly decreased the spheroid growth (Figures 6B,C) and stemness properties (Figure 6D and Supplementary Figure S6B). Above results, clearly indicate the role of KLF5 in stemness maintenance in EOC. Furthermore, forced expression of KLF5 in MDAH2774 cells (KLF5 low expressing cells) showed increased spheroid growth (Supplementary Figure S7A) and upregulated expression of KLF5, pSTAT3, CD44, CD133, NANOG, and OCT4 compared to empty vector transfected cells (Supplementary Figure S7B). However, total STAT3 expression remain unchanged in these cells.
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