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Cluster of Differentiation 151 may also play an important role as an adjuvant therapy alongside currently available therapeutics. Given the close association of CD151 with oncogenic drivers including growth factors, such as EGFR (Yang et al., 2008; Deng et al., 2012), HER2 (Yang et al., 2010; Deng et al., 2012; Romanska et al., 2015), and HGFR (c-Met) (Klosek et al., 2005; Franco et al., 2010; Ha et al., 2014), CD151 was shown to impair growth factor receptor-dependent processes such as tumor onset, cell growth, spreading and motility. CD151 ablation in these studies was sufficient to arrest or impair oncogenic responses. Furthermore, in the case of EGFR and HER2-specific inhibitors, drug sensitivity was restored when CD151 expression was abrogated (Hwang et al., 2019). Restoration of drug sensitivity with CD151 knockdown was shown to not be restricted to targeted therapy but also observed in chemotherapeutic drugs oxaliplatin, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil, via apoptotic induction.
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As questioned by Katz et al. (2019) we do not consume protein independently to other food sources; we ingest mixed diets with an array of amino acid profiles (as seen in Table 2). Given this, it is the amino acid profile of the overarching diet that will ultimately determine protein adequacy . In 2019 Katz and co-authors concluded that “international organisations, such as WHO and FAO, periodically make recommendations for assessment of protein quality, as defined by how efficiently the consumption of a protein source can contribute to intake of essential amino acids” and that impacts on human health and the environment now need to be superimposed on top of this . As explained, in the future, more than the PDCAAS needs to be measured. This method has its limitations and is not reflective of total ileal digestibility and does not apply health or environmental indices.
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La progresión natural de la ERC lleva a los pacientes en sus estadios finales al uso de terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR). La cantidad de pacientes en diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálisis es de 415 pacientes por millón de habitantes (pmh) en el Perú5, proporción baja en comparación a la media para Latinoamérica (660 pmh)6. Es decir, tenemos 50,0% de pacientes con ERC en estadio final que no accede a TRR en relación a otros países de la región. Más aún, el Ministerio de Salud reconoce que la demanda ha superado ampliamente la oferta nacional5.
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Asamblea comunitaria “festividad”. Se convocó a toda la población (niños, adolescentes y adultos) para identificar necesidades y problemas de la comunidad. Sin embargo, debido a que los pobladores valoran más ser invitados a una festividad, el formato que siguió la asamblea fue de “convivio” con invitaciones personalizadas por familia. Para indagar sus necesidades y problemáticas, se trabajó con diversas técnicas, teniendo en cuenta la edad: con hombres y mujeres adultos, en reflexiones grupales; con adolescentes, se realizó un juego de mesa y algunos participaron en el registro gráfico (fotografías y videos); con los niños hubo juegos infantiles. Se tuvo participación de autoridades locales.
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According to the established criteria, inappropriate prophylactic acid suppressant uses in the pre- and post-intervention groups were summarized in Table 5. After intervention, obvious improvements were observed in the use of no indications for prophylactic acid suppressant and in the cases of inappropriate drug selection, dose, route, replacement and prolonged duration of prophylaxis (P < 0.05), but the proportion was not satisfied in both groups. When coadministration of omeprazole or esomeprazole with clopidogrel, generation of clopidogrel active metabolite and inhibition of platelet function were reduced, so omeprazole or esomeprazole should try to avoid using when combining with clopidogrel . Five cases in pre-intervention group were inappropriately prescribed the combination of omeprazole plus clopidogrel, but this combination was not found in post-intervention group.
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Se reconoce como factores de riesgo para desgarros perineales la primíparidad 10, pues hasta el 73% presentan un desgarro perineal moderado y entre el 1%-19% de los partos vaginales cursan con laceración esfinteriana, involucrando desgarros de tercer y cuarto grado. Otro factor es un IMC elevado, pues esto incrementa el riesgo de macrosomía y de parto instrumentado 11, en el cual se corre mayor riesgo si se utiliza fórceps en comparación con la utilización de ventosas 12. En cuanto a la episiotomía, su realización durante el parto incrementa la cantidad de desgarros perineales severos, siendo menos dañina la técnica mediolateral 13. Específicamente en parto adolescente se han documentado factores de riesgo para desgarros perineales: primiparidad, posición fetal, diabetes gestacional que requiere de insulina para el control de la glucosa y duración de la segunda etapa de labor de parto 14.
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4) Identify homologous genes in nearby species (case study 1: S. Japonicus and S. Octosporus; case study 2 and 3: C. Tropicalis, C. Dublinensis and C. Parapsilosis) for both the co-regulated and background sets. We used a recent homology map to facilitate this step.
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A SCRA está associada com maior mortalidade por todas as causas e cardiovascular em curto e longo prazos, tempo de hospitalização prolongado,10 , 11 , 44 - 46 reinternações,27 , 47 progressão para os estágios da doença renal crônica48 e maiores custos com a saúde.10
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The CGM data were used as is (no averaging or smoothing to eliminate random errors), and only past and present data (CGM glucose levels, basal and bolus insulin, meal, and exercise information) were used for each point to make predictions. In other words, the data were used in the same manner it is normally used in Diabits, with the training data used to train each patient’s personalized prediction models and the test data to generate predictions and calculate their accuracy.
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We found almost no studies about interventions that include the children of patients hospitalized with a suicide attempt. Clinical implications of our findings include a need for awareness and cooperation between healthcare professionals to facilitate detection and potential need for intervention in these children. Efforts should be made by researchers to identify measures to prevent the familial transmission of suicidal behavior. This would in turn reduce adverse outcomes, morbidity and mortality of suicidal behavior in a well-documented high-risk group of youths.
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Cele mai frecvente sechele traumatice la nivelul membrului inferior, implică genunchiul și glezna (fiind afectați atât persoanele obișnuite cât și sportivii). Intr-un studiu epidemiologic publicat în 2012, s-a constatat că un număr de 6,6 milioane de persoane au suferit un traumatism la nivelul genunchiului în Statele Unite (între 1999-2008) iar un studiu din 2010 a arătat că peste 3 milioane de persoane au suferit o entorsă de gleznă (2002-2006).
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The published Proteus genomes including P. mirabilis HI4320, P. mirabilis BB2000, P. hauseri, P. penneri and P. vulgaris contain only a hydrogenase 4-like operon but not the hydrogenase 3-like operon. It is likely that hydrogenase 4-like operon is the functional counterpart of hydrogenase 3-like operon for encoding the protein complex joining with FDH-H to form FHL in Proteus species. The facts that PCR produced a product of 4228 bp but not the predicted 524 bp using P. mirabilis N2 genomic DNA as the template with primers annealing to the conserved region of hycD and hycE (data not shown) and P. mirabilis hyfG mutant displayed reduced survival against acid exposure (Fig. 1b) as the hyc mutant18 reinforce the notion. Hyf belongs to group 4a hydrogenase and is highly conserved in gammaproteobacteria13. The key role of Hyf is to convert proton to hydrogen, namely deacidification11,13. The structure of Hyf is similar to respiratory complex I, indicating Hyf is probably involved in the formation of proton gradient and energy production13,19. We found hyfG and fhlA are required for the full extent of acid tolerance in P. mirabilis (Fig. 1b). The dye DiOC2 commonly used to detect membrane proton gradient does not work in P. mirabilis N2 as is the case for P. mirabilis HI432033. Instead, we determined other PMF-related phenotypes, motility and drug susceptibility, to know whether Hyf is involved in conservation of the proton gradient and PMF. No difference of swarming motility, swimming and drug susceptibility between wild-type strain and hyfG or fhlA mutant may indicate that the formation of PMF by FhlA-Hyf is negligible or compensable in these conditions. Although proton consumption should be the main reason for fhlA and hyf-involved acid tolerance. Possibly, it cannot be ruled out that the extent of PMF provided by FhlA-regulated Hyf may contribute to acid resistance of P. mirabilis. Recent studies showed that FHL-2 (FDH+Hyf) might couple with ATPase to generate PMF42,43 and formate affects ATPase activity and changes the number of thiol groups43. Hyf activity is ATP-dependent, while the formate can increase the F0F1-ATPase activity42. It is worth noting that the effect of formate on ATPase activity disappeared in hyf mutant or under the respiratory condition44. In addition, the formate dehydrogenase-H activity was dependent on Hyf and F0F1-ATPase16. These studies indicate FHL-2 may contribute to regulation of formate-associated ATPase under fermentative condition. In this regard, our finding that P. mirabilis Hyf did not play an important role in generating PMF under aerobic condition may attribute to coupling of ATPase with FHL-2 only under fermentative or formate-rich conditions. Thus, it could not be ruled out that Hyf is involved in PMF formation under oxygen-limited condition during infection and contribute to virulence.
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针对SABR在早期可以手术Ⅰ期NSCLC的治疗地位，在世界范围内有3项独立的Ⅲ期随机临床研究(STARS、ROSEL和ACOSOG Z4099)。由于患者入组太慢，3项研究均被提前关闭了。张玉蛟教授等收集了前2项研究的资料进行汇集分析(pooled analysis)，纳入2项研究中符合条件的患者，即临床T1-2a( < 4 cm)N0M0，可手术的NSCLC，按1:1随机分配，一组采取传统的手术方式即肺叶切除+纵隔淋巴结清扫或取样，另一组为SABR治疗。主要研究终点为总生存。两项研究共58例患者可以进入分析，其中SABR组31例，手术组27例。结果显示：SABR和手术组中位随访时间分别为40.2个月和35.4个月，死亡患者数分别为1例和6例，3年总生存率分别为95%和79%(HR=0.14, P=0.037)，3年无复发生存率分别为86%和80%(HR=0.69, P=0.54)。失败表型，SABR组1例局部复发，4例区域淋巴结复发，1例远处转移；手术组1例出现区域淋巴结复发，2例远处转移。毒副反应方面，SABR组3例(10%)患者发生3级治疗相关不良事件，无4级不良事件及治疗相关死亡发生；手术组1例(4%)患者死于手术并发症，12例(44%)患者发生3级-4级治疗相关不良事件。结果提示：SABR可能是可以手术的早期NSCLC另外一个选择，由于样本量小和随访时间短，需要更多临床研究来验证。
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With an increase in the solvent content in the composition, computer-optical microscopy revealed a deterioration in the dispersion of the pigment, expressed in an increase in the diameter of the pigment particles (APDP) Figure 4a and a decrease in their number (SNP) Figure 4b.
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The detection parameters of Cy dye at different concentrations from 10−4 to 10−10 M was carried out by recording Raman’s signal intensity, Raman shift, assignment bonds, and the Raman enhancement factors as shown in Tables 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Raman spectra of bare PS substrates was tested at a high concentration of dye molecules of about 10−4 M (Fig. 6), while for the PS/AuNPs hybrid structure, SERS spectra was carried out at different values of dye concentrations 10−6 and 10−10 M in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.Table 2 Raman shift, Raman intensity, and assignments of 10−10 M Cy molecules for PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with a) 10−2 M and b) 10−2 M of HAuCl4 diluted in HFAssignmenta) 10−2 Mb)10−2 M of HAuCl4 diluted in HFWave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Wave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Methine chain672233681943C–H aromatic ring bending9483659481062C–H in plane bending110938711211012C–C stretching12553731261993CH3 deformation14853771490989–EF = 0.63 × 106–EF = 1.7 × 106Table 3Raman shift, Raman intensity, and assignments of 10−10 M Cy molecules for PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with a) 5 × 10−3 M and b) 5 × 10−3 M of HAuCl4 diluted in HFAssignmenta) 5 × 10−3 Mb)5 × 10−3 M of HAuCl4 diluted in HFWave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Wave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Methine chain61226336143887C–H deformation77126557763853C–H aromatic ring bending96030669564442Aromatic C–C stretching1248298512544174C–N stretching1606293916144297––EF = 5 × 106–EF = 7.2 × 106Table 4Raman shift, Raman intensity, and assignments of 10−6 M Cy molecules for PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at a) 10−2 M and b) 10−2 M diluted in HFAssignmentsa) 10−2 Mb) 10−2 M diluted inWave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Wave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Methine chain62741446254699C–H deformation––7844625C–H aromatic ring bending93248969435375C–N stretching1247447312574993CH3 deformation1431424414444749C–N stretching16064427–– – – EF = 8 × 102–EF = 9 × 102Table 5Raman shift, Raman intensity, and assignments of 10−6 M Cy molecules for PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at a) 5 × 10−3 M, b) 5 × 10−3diluted in HFAssignmentsa) 5 × 10−3 Mb) 5 × 10−3 diluted in HFWave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Wave numbers (cm−1)Raman intensity (a.u.)Methine chain64270676728766C–H deformation79669897868736C–H aromatic ring bending94376959509499Aromatic C–C stretching1257733512609133CH3 deformation––14168848C–N stretching16087241––– – EF = 12.5 × 102–EF = 14.8 × 102Fig. 4Raman shift of Cy dye prepared at a concentration of 10−4 for bare PS (reference)Fig. 5Raman spectra of PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at (a) 10−2 M and (b) 10−2diluted in HF for 10−10 M of Cy moleculesFig. 6Raman spectra of PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at a) 5 × 10−3 M, b) 5 × 10−3 diluted in HF for 10−10 M of Cy moleculesFig. 7Raman spectra of PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at a) 10−2 M, b) 10−2 diluted in HF for 10−6 M of Cy molecules.Fig. 8Raman spectra of PS/AuNPs hybrid structure samples deposited with HAuCl4 at a) 5 × 10−3 M, b) 5 × 10−3diluted in HF for 10−6 M of Cy molecules
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We identified 127 NSCLC patients who were treated with gefitinib in our institution during an approximately 2-year period. Of these 127 patients, 44 experienced elevated liver aminotransferase levels and 22 (50%) of these 44 switched their treatment from gefitinib to erlotinib. Of these 22 patients, 8 switched their treatment because of gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity, and the remainder switched because of different problems, for example, disease progression.
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A HF é uma das doenças monogênicas mais comuns, reconhecida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como um problema de saúde pública mundial. Apesar de sua ampla incidência, o diagnóstico precoce da HF ainda não é amplamente realizado e, consequentemente, a adoção de tratamentos preventivos para a hipercolesterolemia é precária.9 Portanto, pode-se sugerir que o diagnóstico precoce da HF e o tratamento adequado são essenciais para prevenir ou pelo menos retardar o início dos eventos cardiovasculares. A triagem em cascata da FH é uma forma crucial e econômica de prevenir processos ateroscleróticos, devendo ser realizada em todos os familiares de primeiro, segundo e terceiro graus de pacientes com diagnóstico de HF.
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Our analyses demonstrated that C. difficile transmission among healthcare settings and the community is interconnected, and there are comparable effects of community-based transmission and hospital-based transmission on hospital-onset CDI. We found that the effect of antimicrobial drug use on CDI incidence is modulated by transmission dynamics, with specific antimicrobial drugs exacerbating incidence, and doing so to a greater degree in high-transmission settings than in low-transmission settings. These results underscore the need for empirical quantification of community-associated transmission and the need of understanding transmission dynamics in all settings when evaluating C. difficile interventions and control strategies.
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Wichtig ist, dass auf die Datenübertragung eine stringente Handlungskonsequenz folgt. Fehlt diese, sind keine signifikanten Verbesserungen im klinischen Verlauf festgestellt worden [9, 10]. Die Arbeitsgruppe 33 Telemonitoring der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie, Herz- und Kreislaufforschung e. V. hat hierzu konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen erarbeitet . Diese Empfehlungen für standardisierte Handlungskonsequenzen beinhalten beispielsweise bei einer Herzrhythmusstörung (ICD-Schock) eine unmittelbare Kontaktaufnahme mit dem Patienten und die Einbestellung des Patienten zur Kontrolle, wobei der Zeitplan dem klinischen Zustand des Patienten angepasst werden kann.
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Con respecto al impacto, muchos grupos de investigación en trasplantes han demostrado que la aparición, la persistencia o el incremento de DSA en los pacientes con trasplante se correlacionan con la poca supervivencia del injerto 11. Se ha demostrado que la persistencia o el incremento de los DSA en suero, el desarrollo de DSAdn y la presencia de DSA de clase II, se correlacionan con la poca supervivencia del injerto y una mayor tasa de rechazo agudo. En el lapso de los primeros cinco años a partir de la detección de los DSA, el 50 % de los pacientes en el estudio de Hidalgo perdió sus injertos 12. Wiebe, et al., encontraron un aumento en la pérdida del injerto en pacientes que desarrollaron DSAdn, con un 40 % menos en la tasa de supervivencia del injerto a los diez años, comparada con la de pacientes sin DSAdn13.
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An alternative method for appropriate scaling of the relationships among individuals is necessary. There are three possible methods for scaling. One was developed for scaling \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathbf{G}}$$\end{document}G based on the pedigree . A second method, since \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathbf{H}}_{1,1}$$\end{document}H1,1 demonstrates the molecular coancestry that can be rescaled to genealogical coancestry with the formula in , uses a similar formula with a slight modification to rescale \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathbf{H}}_{ *, *}$$\end{document}H∗,∗ with segment sizes larger than 1. A third scaling method was suggested by Legarra for scaling the relationship matrices in order to compare their additive variances. However, further research is required to identify which of these methods provide the most accurate scaling of the haplotype relationship matrix.
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Minitab®18 software (Minitab Inc., State College, PA, USA) was operated for building the implemented full factorial design (2k-FFD) . ZEN® 2.3 “Blue edition” lite Digital Imaging Software (Carl Zeiss, Promenade 10, 07745 Jena, Germany) was used to measure the diameter of the NPs in the images obtained by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). An OriginPro software (OriginLab, Northampton, MA) was utilized to execute histograms for PSD.
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Le germe isolé était un Escheria Coli dans 58,3% et un Klebsiella dans 29,2%. Le candida albicans a été associé dans 4,2% des cas. 16,7% des bactéries étaient une BLSE. Le germe isolé était résistant à l'amoxicilline-acide clavulanique dans 83% des cas, au céphalosporine de 3 éme génération dans 25,5% et aux quinolones dans 29,8%. (Le Tableau 2 rapporte les résultats de l'examen cyto-bactériologique des urines et de l'antibiogramme). L'antibiotique prescris en premiére intention chez nos patients était une céphalosporine de 3 éme génération dans 50%, une ciprofloxacine dans 31,3% et un aminoside a été associé dans 22,9%. L’évolution chez nos patients était favorable dans 89,6% des cas. 33,3% avaient présenté un sepsis. Le recours à la dialyse était noté dans 52,1% et le décès dans 10,4% des cas. (Le Tableau 3 rapporte les données thérapeutiques et évolutives chez nos patients).
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One of the main disadvantages of the RESS process is the poor solubility of solutes in SCF CO2. As the behavior of solutes in SCFs near the critical point is highly non-ideal, it is difficult to predict properties of the system using standard modeling approaches used for understanding fluid phase equilibrium. Thus, significant experimental work is needed to establish the useful operating range in SCF processes to produce material with desired qualities. While it is true that the solubility of a solute can increase by orders of magnitude in SCF CO2 compared to the ideal gas state, it will still be lower when compared to solubilities that can be achieved in liquids. Secondly, SCF CO2 is a non-polar solvent and, as a rule of thumb, only those compounds that dissolve well in non-polar solvents such as heptane will dissolve in SCF CO2. This severely limits the applicability of the RESS process to typical small molecules and biologics of interest. In order to overcome this limitation, a small amount of co-solvents and/or surfactants can be introduced at low levels to improve solubilization of the solute in SCF CO2. The addition of a second or third component to the SCF introduces further complexity into the phase behavior and may affect the quality of the final product, requiring further process optimization. There are further process considerations such as nozzle type and chamber design that can affect the final product quality. Extensive experimental and modeling studies have been performed to optimize particle properties for materials made using RESS .
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The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) technique was used for quantitative analysis. The amplitude of a 1H NMR signal is dependent on the number of hydrogen in the molecule39,40. Even though HPLC and GC are more sensitive methods in comparison to NMR, the latter is a more quick and simple technique than the former41,42. All the reaction samples were analyzed by Bruker Avance 400 (FT NMR) using chloroform (CDCl3) as a solvent. Figure 1 shows the transesterification reaction of triglycerides, in which the protons used to monitor the reaction are bold and represented by the letters M (methyl ester), A (α-CH2 ions), and G (glyceridic).Figure 1Transesterification reaction with highlighted protons.
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A 32-year-old female not known to have any medical illnesses, mother of two children presented to our division, in January 2017, with a history of severe headache associated with double vision, vomiting, polyuria and polydipsia. The headache was progressive over 2 months, then became severe and associated with vomiting and double vision 10 days prior to presentation. Her neurological examination showed no neurological deficits apart from right sixth nerve palsy with pale optic disc and bitemporal hemianopia. The rest of examination was unremarkable. Hormone profiles showed a blood prolactin level slightly increased (36 ng/ml, n.v. 2.8-29.2). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a large sellar mass with supra and para sellar extension ( Figure 1A ). Trans-sphenoidal approach and total tumor resection was performed. Postoperatively, the patient’s neurological status remained unchanged and was discharged without complication three days after the operation.
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What is probably more critical for wider adoption, however, is the demonstration that these types of models can lead to new discoveries that could not otherwise be made - a 'Killer App'. It could take the form of a model that a large community of biologists adopts for the study of a specific system - for example, yeast pheremone signaling, cell cyle, or bacterial chemotaxis. Such an example could be instrumental in convincing biologists to make rule-based modeling part of their standard toolkit for fixing radios.
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Diffusion coefficients were calculated using estimated P-T-fO2 conditions with correction for crystal orientation (Table SM2-B), as described in Supplement SM3. Table SM3-C contains diffusion coefficients for all zones of the crystals, calculated4 with P-T-fO2 conditions and Fo content in these zones. In our calculations for every profile we selected the values of the slowest and fastest diffusion coefficients. For modelling of diffusion inside the cores we used external P-T-fO2 conditions determined for the transition zones. For modeling of diffusion in the transition zone we used P-T-fO2 conditions determined for the overgrowth.
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En los sitios anatómicos no articulares, el dolor localizado fue el más común, con el porcentaje más alto (78,5 %) para el dolor plantar, en tanto que el más bajo (55,2 %) se presentó en los músculos de los brazos. La población manifestó haber experimentado dolor muscular continuo en el 73,9 % de los sitios anatómicos estudiados.
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人肺癌A549细胞，常规培养于含10%灭活胎牛血清的DM EM培养基中，置37 ℃、5%CO2孵箱内培养。取对数生长期细胞制备成1×106/L单细胞悬液，加入Hoechst33342染料(5 μg/mL)，37 ℃避光条件下，孵育90 min。对照组细胞中，同时加入维拉帕米(100 mM)，按上述过程处理细胞。各组细胞经FACS缓冲液处理后，在355 nm激发光波长处，应用流式细胞仪检测各组细胞设定参数的变化，测量前向散射和侧向散射参数，以Hoechst red为X轴，Hoechst blue为Y轴作二维散点图，将维拉帕米组缺失的区域设为SP细胞范围，分选出SP干细胞亚群和非SP干细胞亚群，并计算百分比。将分选出的SP细胞和非SP细胞分别接种于10%的软琼脂，观察两组细胞克隆形成能力的差别。MTT法观察所筛选的两组细胞增殖能力的区别，并绘制细胞生长曲线。
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Integration of SIRT1 and nucleolar-mediated signaling. The figure schematizes the proposed model to describe the convergence of various signaling pathways on SIRT1 and TIF-IA to control cellular adaptation to cellular stress signals and their integration in a neuronal context. Depicted are the relationships between neurotrophic signaling, SIRT1 and TIF-IA, as well as rDNA transcription. Moreover the impact of both SIRT1, rRNA synthesis, and p53 activity/stability is also summarized under basal conditions, under cellular stress and in the presence of mutant RNAs and proteins (typical of neurodegenerative diseases), and upon induction of nucleolar stress by the conditional ablation of TIF-IA gene (please see text for a detailed description). Nucleolar stress is visualized by the loss of nucleolar integrity. Arrows indicate activation or induction, while blunt lines denote inhibition, and red arrows decreased/increased level/activity. A thinner line describes a decreased activity of the indicated process.
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O treinamento físico após o TxC contribui para o aumento do VO 2 pico e a melhora do controle hemodinâmico, da força muscular e da densidade mineral óssea, 233 - 236 contribuindo para melhorar o prognóstico. 19 Embora existam inúmeras possibilidades de prescrição de treinamento, o principal método preconizado permanece sendo o exercício aeróbico, que pode ser realizado de maneira contínua ou intervalada, 170 sempre que possível devem ser realizados também exercícios resistidos. 6
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Ventrikuläre Tachykardien treten wesentlich seltener auf und finden sich vor allem bei postoperativen TOF-Patienten oder Patienten mit TGA nach Vorhofumkehroperation. Meist ist eine rasche Kardioversion notwendig. Für die medikamentöse Akuttherapie bei hämodynamisch stabilen Patienten empfiehlt sich Amiodaron.
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Soil samples and the leaves of rapeseed plants grown on these soils underwent a detailed analysis of their nutrient content by chemometric methods. The collected data were used as a reference for the results acquired from biophysical experimental methods and mathematical analysis. The entire experimental and data analysis procedures are illustrated in Supplemental Fig. 1.
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The TOPFLASH and FOPFLASH reporter constructs containing eight TCF/LEF binding sites or mutated binding sites42 were transfected into cells. Luciferase activity was measured by the Luciferase Assay System (Promega, Madison, WI) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Transfection efficiency was normalized to β-galactosidase activity.
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Большое значение для селекции имеет разработка мар- керов гена Bu, контролирующего устойчивость к вирусу RBDV – крайне опасному патогену, наносящему большой экономический ущерб. Для решения этой задачи J.A. Ward et al. (2012) применили метод сегрегационного bulk-анализа при помощи RAPD-маркеров. Специфичные для устойчивых генотипов фрагменты (BC002-900, BC296- 425, BC615-600) были секвенированы. На основе полу- ченных последовательностей созданы CAPS-маркеры, из которых наилучшую связь с устойчивостью показал маркер BC615_553_Alu I, отсутствующий, однако, у других устойчивых сортов. Далее последовательность этого маркера была выравнена по секвенированному геному земляники, при этом один из генов-кандидатов оказался гомологичен последовательности N-гена табака, контролирующего устойчивость к вирусу табачной мозаи- ки. В результате был предложен внутригенный маркер raspN_gene_1202, который в 96.7 % случаев связан с устойчивостью к RBDV. Эффективность данного маркера подтверждена и при анализе расширенной группы селек- ционных сортов: диагностический фрагмент выявлен у устойчивых сортов (‘Nootka’, ‘Haida’, ‘Willamette’, WSU 78117-1, ‘Newburgh’, ‘Cowichan’, ‘Chilcotin’, ‘Malling Promise’, ‘Latham’) и отсутствовал у поражаемых RBDV генотипов (Ward et al., 2012).
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Subject to the modified model in Equation (24), the Hamiltonian of the problem is defined as follows:(27)H=AS(t)+BT(t)+C12u12(t)+C22u22(t)+C32u32(t)+λ1(Λ−β(1−ε1u1(t))I(t)S(t)−u3(t)S(t)−dS(t))+λ2(β(1−ε1u1(t))I(t)S(t)+ε2u2(t)T(t)−dI(t)−k1I(t)−k2I(t))+λ3(k1I(t)−(δ1+d)A(t)+α2T(t))+λ4(k2I(t)−ε2u2(t)T(t)−(α2+d+δ2)T(t)+λ5(u3(t)S(t)−dR(t))
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Early stages of inflorescence development in S142, 430, and pds plants. a-e Inflorescence development of S142. f-j Inflorescence development of 430. k-o Inflorescence development of pds. PA, palea; LE, lemma; EG, empty glume; RG, rudimentary glume; ST, stamen; PI, pistil, P/LL, palea and lemma-like structure. The asterisks in (a, b, c, f, g, h, k, l, m) represent inflorescence meristems. The pentagons in (d, i, n) represent floral meristems. The yellow arrows in (n) indicate the lateral primordia that will regenerate vegetative tillers on a small number of exserted panicles. Bars = 100 μm in all panels
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Activation of striated muscle requires both a Ca++-dependent increase in the rate myosin binds to a RTF and a myosin binding-induced local activation of the RTF. The first of these changes occurs at the single molecule level, while the latter occurs only when multiple molecules interact with a RTF. Thus, a complete understanding of the molecular basis of thin filament activation must both span the single molecule and ensemble scales and de-convolve these two activation processes. We have accomplished this task by 1) directly measuring Ca++-dependent single molecule binding of myosin to a RTF; 2) performing two additional assays at low and high myosin densities, which affects the degree of myosin binding-induced activation but not Ca++-dependent activation; and 3) using a mathematical model to de-convolve the two effects. The consistency of the single molecule Ca++-dependent activation across all three assays (Fig. 4c) demonstrates that we have successfully separated the two activation processes and provides, for the first time, a detailed description of both.
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To visualize and further characterize BM-derived hematopoietic cells carrying JAK2V617F in pulmonary arterial remodeling, we generated double transgenic mice (JAK2V617F/CAG-EGFP mice) by crossing JAK2V617F mice with CAG-EGFP mice27. We transplanted BM cells from JAK2V617F/CAG-EGFP mice or control WT/CAG-EGFP littermates into lethally irradiated WT mice. After BMT followed by exposure to chronic hypoxia for 3 weeks, immunostaining showed that the GFP+ cells were substantially accumulated in pulmonary arterial regions in BMT recipients transplanted with BM cells from JAK2V617F/CAG-EGFP mice (JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT), whereas recipients transplanted with BM cells from WT/CAG-EGFP mice (WT-GFP-BMT) showed fewer GFP+ cells in the lungs (Fig. 3a, b). There was no co-localization between GFP and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) in the lungs of either WT-GFP-BMT or JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice. In JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice, nearly half of the GFP+ cells expressed Ly6G in pulmonary arterial regions, and Ly6G+ cells predominantly contributed to BM-derived cells rather than F4/80+ or CD45R+ cells (Fig. 3c, d, Supplementary Fig. 15). The percentage of these Ly6G-expressing GFP+ cells was significantly higher than that in WT-GFP-BMT mice, while all Ly6G+ cells expressed GFP in both WT-GFP-BMT and JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice (Fig. 3e). These data indicate that the accumulated Ly6G+ neutrophils carrying JAK2V617F are originated from BM to pulmonary arterial regions.Fig. 3Characterization of bone marrow-derived JAK2V617F hematopoietic cells in the lungs by the use of GFP-transgene.a Lethally irradiated WT mice were transplanted with bone marrow (BM) cells from control WT/CAG-EGFP (WT-GFP) or JAK2V617F/CAG-EGFP (JAK2V617F-GFP) double transgenic mice. Five weeks after BM transplantation (BMT), the recipient mice were subjected to chronic hypoxia for 3 weeks, and then the lungs were fixed and stained with the indicated antibodies. Representative immunofluorescence images of lung sections stained with anti-GFP (green) and anti-αSMA (red) antibodies and DAPI (blue) in WT-GFP-BMT or JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice. The boxed areas from JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice at higher magnifications (high) are shown in the bottom panels. Scale bars, 100 µm. b Quantitative analysis of Ly6G+ cells in the perivascular regions (n = 3 in each group, *P = 0.0223). c Representative immunofluorescence images of lung sections stained with anti-GFP (green) and anti-Ly6G (red) antibodies, as well as DAPI (blue) in WT-GFP-BMT or JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice. The boxed areas from JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT mice at higher magnifications are shown in the bottom panels (high). Scale bars, 100 µm. Quantitative analysis of Ly6G-exressing cells in GFP+ cells (d, n = 3 in each group, *P = 0.0052) and GFP-expressing cells in Ly6G+ cells (e, n = 3 in each group). More than 100 GFP+ cells and Ly6G+ cells were counted in each section and expressed as the percentage of the cells. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. WT-GFP-BMT, recipient WT mice transplanted with WT-GFP BM cells; JAK2V617F-GFP-BMT, recipient WT mice transplanted with JAK2V617F-GFP BM cells. *P < 0.05 versus WT-GFP recipients by the unpaired t test (two-sided). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.
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Ex vivo validation of ACVR1B upregulation in buffy coat in response to plasma from septic melioidosis patients. Buffy coat was isolated from heparinized whole blood of three healthy individuals (HC_01, HC_02 and HC_03). Each isolation of buffy coat was exposed to 25% plasma obtained from melioidosis patients (n = 26), healthy control in endemic area (n = 9) and autologous plasma (n = 3, i.e., replicates). ACVR1B gene expression of stimulated buffy coat were determined by RT-qPCR. Fold change in ACVR1B gene expression represent the response to exposure to melioidosis, healthy control, and autologous plasma. Scatter plots of ACVR1B expression show fold changes of buffy coat exposed to different plasma samples. Shown are the medians with interquartile ranges and each dot represents data obtained from one individual sample. A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed for comparison and two-tailed P values were calculated. Comparision with statistically significant differences are indicated (*p <0.05; **p <0.01).
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In the golgi apparatus of mast cells, histidine is decarboxylated to form histamine (White et al., 1987) that upon cutaneous application to human skin produces a wheal, flare and distinct pruritic sensations (Sikand et al., 2011). In neuropathic pain patients, the processing of pruritic sensation is significantly altered and cutaneous histamine results in a severe increase in spontaneous burning pain (Baron et al., 2001). In a rodent model of peripheral nerve damage using a crush injury, an upregulation of H1 receptors in small DRG neurones heightens sensitivity and evoked activity of sensory neurones to histamine (Kashiba et al., 1999).
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Jonzén, N., Lind´en, A., Ergon, T., Knudsen, E., Vik, J.O., Rubolini, D., Piacentini, D., Brinch, C., Spina, F., Karlsson, L., Stervander, M., Andersson, A., Waldenstr¨om, J., Lehikoinen, A., Edvardsen, E., Solvang, R. & Stenseth, N. C. (2006). Rapid advance of spring arrival dates in long-distance migratory birds. Science 312, 1959–1961.
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Our previous work suggests that it might be possible to alter the end-joining environment encountered by broken DNA ends by mutating RAG1/2 without perturbing the end-joining factors themselves (15,22). Indeed, a particular C-terminally truncated RAG2 mutant termed FS361, identified in our lab, allows coding ends to abnormally access a-NHEJ ((15), Supplementary Figure S1A). This was assessed using RAG expression vectors transfected into fibroblasts along with an extrachromosomal substrate specifically designed to detect joints bearing both excessive deletion and microhomologies that have been considered characteristic of such repair (6,15,26,27). This implies that RAG2's C-terminus is important for control of pathway choice, at least in this artificial system.
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Vacas et al. used the aggregation pheromone ferruginol in its liquid form to capture R. ferrugineus Olivier. It was placed in LDPE vials to simulate the constant release rates in the traps. The authors noted that the release of this pheromone at a rate of 2.6 mg day−1 is sufficient to attract the pest. However, lower release rates can be achieved when the pheromone is adsorbed onto a matrix, which promotes its slower release into the environment over a longer period of time.
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In addition to the NF-κB pathway, the JAK3/STAT3 signal transduction pathway is also well-characterized for its role in survival and proliferation of malignant T cells (60–62). Genomic studies have shown that gain of function point mutations and copy number gains in this pathway are frequent and correlate with gene expression of STAT3 and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL17 and IL22, downstream targets of STAT3 activation that likely play a role in tumor progression (25, 63). In a mouse model of CTCL, transgenic STAT3 hyper-activation in T cells was linked to IL-17 and IL-22 expression and phenotypic features of CTCL (21, 64). Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) has been shown to drive IL-17 expression through a JAK3/STAT3-dependent pathway in malignant T cells when co-cultured with non-malignant T cells, suggesting that SEA-driven cross talk between malignant and non-malignant T cells are needed for oncogenic activation of STAT3 (64).
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Un caso registrable es toda neoplasia maligna de cualquier localización incluyendo las neoplasias benignas del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC) y los carcinomas in situ que hayan sido diagnosticadas después del 1ro de enero del año 2000 en residentes del AMB, tanto de zona urbana como rural, independiente del método diagnóstico utilizado, de tal forma que también se incluyen los casos identificados por certificado de defunción. Se excluye el cáncer de piel no melanoma (basocelular y escamocelular).
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Individual collar breakpoints in speed varied between years, with lower breakpoints occurring, on average, on day 249 (approx. 6th September) in 2007 (95% CI ∼ 128 days), day 614 (approx. 5th September) in 2008 (95% CI ∼ 160 days), and day 950 (approx. 7th August) in 2009 (%95 CI ∼ 138 days) (Appendix S2). Upper breakpoints occurred, on average, on day 320 (approx. 16th November) in 2007 (95% CI ∼ 41 days). There were only 2 breakpoints in 2008, for collars AM306 and AM307) (day 717; approx. 17th December) (95% CI ∼ 1 day). In 2009, breakpoints occurred on day 754 (approx. 23rd January) (95% CI ∼ 16 days) (Appendix S2).
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Burnout syndrome is the continuous exposure to work-stress associated with poor working conditions, in which pleasure and work performance decrease [4, 5]. In view of this, it is considered a multi-causal pathology, as it is related to excessive exposure to prolonged stress; it has identified aspects related to several stressors in the work environment that imply the commitment of the worker’s health triggering the disease, evaluated according to three components: depersonalization, exhaustion emotional, and professional achievement .
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It has been previously reported that various POPs and metals can cause oxidative stress resulting in damaged DNA by generation ROS. Damage to DNA caused by ROS includes strand breaks, base modification, and basic sites (Livingstone 2000). In addition to attack by ROS, DNA strand breaks and mismatch errors also occurred due to incomplete excision repair of DNA adducts (Speit and Hartmann 1995). Changes in DNA fingerprints (e.g., DNA fragmentation) observed reflect DNA alterations in genome ranging from single base changes (point mutations) to complex chromosomal rearrangements (Atienzar et al. 1999 and 2000). Thus, DNA fingerprinting offers useful biomarker assay in ecotoxicology (Savya 1998). In this work, results of RAPD assay showed significant differences in RAPD patterns in polluted exposed groups compared with the reference group (control: non-exposed), with respect to variation in intensities of bands, the disappearance of bands, and appearance of a new band of amplified DNA.
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Transient transfections were performed using Lipofectamine 2000 according to the manufacturer’s instructions using 2 µg DNA for a 35-mm well (Invitrogen; catalog #11668027). Plasmid: Str-KDEL-IRES-ST-mCherry is described in McCaughey et al. (2019; Addgene; #110727).
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The aim of this study was to verify whether the use of performance-enhancing drugs is prevalent amongst alpinists ascending Mont Blanc. To quantify this phenomenon, we developed and conducted an automated, blinded collection of individual urine samples, in the mountain huts located on the two main access routes to the summit. The urine samples were analyzed for a large number of drugs/metabolites, belonging in particular to the classes of diuretics, glucocorticoids, stimulants, hypnotics and PDE-5 inhibitors.
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Infelizmente, a população sofre as repercussões dessa crise humanitária não apenas pela COVID-19, como também pelos danos colaterais associados a atrasos e redução no atendimento de outras doenças em ambiente de pronto-socorro, redução do acesso a cuidados de doenças crônicas em ambiente ambulatorial e maior exposição aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças (sedentarismo, obesidade, ansiedade e estresse emocional). Somem-se a isso perdas econômicas, impacto psicológico e burnout associado à pandemia. São duas as principais circunstâncias em que ocorre essa diminuição no cuidado adequado à saúde. Primeiro, há redução de consultas médicas e exames de rotina. Essa disrupção no atendimento de pacientes crônicos pode levar a descompensação aguda de condições como hipertensão arterial, diabetes e insuficiência cardíaca. Da mesma forma, podem ser enfrentadas consequências graves relacionadas à redução da procura e à demora no atendimento hospitalar de urgência e emergência em circunstâncias como síndromes coronarianas agudas, insuficiência cardíaca aguda e acidentes vasculares encefálicos.11-13
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where ni is the number of snapshots in batch i, ri is the number of remaining snapshots to be processed from batch Bi, x is the best predicted FEB value for each snapshot from batch Bi, and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$\overline {x}_{i}$\end{document}x¯i is the sampling average. Figure 2 shows how the method computes the set of metrics where rows represent the values from each batch and columns represents the values used to define the experiment baseline metrics.
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Teenagers seem to be exposed to a similar risk for STIs as older youth and services should be targeted even more to their needs. Teenagers did not differ in their duration with symptoms prior to the visit to the clinic. It seemed that factors that could be taken as disempowerment such as involuntary intercourse, inability to advice sexual partner to come, not wanting to know their HIV serostatus were associated with delays, while women who thought they could persuade their partners to attend had a shorter delay. The great span in delays was striking. Some obviously had a very low barrier to seek care while others had the symptoms for long periods of time, with the risk of further transmission and risk for complications.
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Influenza virions purified from the supernatant of infected Vero cells were immunogold labeled with antibodies against (A) Hemagglutinin, (B) CD9, (C) CD81 and (D) normal mouse IgG. Labeled virus was negatively stained with sodium silicotungstate and visualized by electron microscopy (50,000× magnification). The number of gold particles per virion is shown below (n = the number of virions counted).
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Intravenous injection of diesel exhaust particles or carbon black does not cause pulmonary neutrophil accumulation. (i) Example cytospins of cells within bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) recovered 2, 6 or 24 h following injection of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) or 2 h after intravenous injection of carbon black (CB) solutions. Staining: haematoxylin and eosin, magnification ×400. (ii) Systemic injection of DEP (black bars) or CB (light grey bars) did not increase the total number of cells in BALF. (iii) Differential analysis confirmed that the majority of cells were macrophages, both in saline-treated (white columns) and in particle-treated rats. Data are mean ± s.e.mean (n = 6). All comparisons with saline-treated control were statistically non-significant; P > 0.05 using two-way ANOVA (DEP vs Saline) or Student’s unpaired t-test CB vs Saline)
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La CMP-PP est une entité pathologique, quoique rare, ne doit pas être méconnue par l'obstétricien. Elle sera évoquée devant toute insuffisance cardiaque congestive se manifestant en fin de grossesse ou en post-partum après avoir exclue les autres diagnostics étiologiques. L'évolution en phase aigue est imprévisible parfois fatale avec risque d'état de choc cardiogénique réfractaire. La prise ne charge est essentiellement symptômatique identique à toute défaillance cardiaque. Les IEC constituent le traitement de référence, mais ils restent contre-indiqués pendant la grossesse. D'autres thérapeutiques sont en cours d'évaluation et fonction des hypothèses étiologiques. La mortalité maternelle reste élevée. La normalisation secondaire de la fonction ventriculaire n'exclue pas un risque de récidive lors d'une grossesse ultérieure qui justifiera un suivi pluridisciplinaire.
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Although there are various strengths to this study, there are some limitations to address. The small sample size and the cross-sectional nature of the study may limit generalizability of the findings. Similar studies in Nigeria with a larger sample size and better national coverage may help to uncover additional factors that limit hydroxyurea utility in Nigeria. Also, future research studies should consider an intervention which will allow for examination of additional domains of CFIR including intervention characteristics (e.g., evidence strength and quality, adaptability), and the process of implementation (e.g., planning and executing an intervention protocol). Despite the study limitations, this study sheds light on the challenges to hydroxyurea adoption in Nigeria, a resource limited setting.
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Our results show that a complete absence of terfa gene allows a seemingly normal beginning of organogenesis and therefore somatic differentiation. Such an ability to protect telomeres independently of TRF2 during early development was also reported in mice showing that eukaryotes using TRF2 as a somatic telomere protective factor are also equipped with alternative telomere capping mechanisms (37,38).
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His-tagged MntH2 from E. faecalis was purified after heterologous expression in E. coli using affinity chromatography and size-exclusion chromatography. Figure 2A show an SDS-PAGE gel of the purified protein, indicating a purity of >95%. The his-tag could be removed by specific proteolytic cleavage of the HRV-3C protease site present in between the his-tag and MntH2 (Figure 2B).
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A more focused examination in Animal G shows that 4 mm PDs present at teeth #14, 15, and 16 at the baseline had reduced to 3 mm at 6 months posttreatment with amixicile (Figure 3A). Additionally, BOP for these teeth decreased from three sites to one at 3 months posttreatment and was maintained through the 6-month exam in Animal G. Similarly, in Animal T at teeth #14, 15, and 16, the number of sites with 4 mm PD was reduced from two to zero from baseline through 6-months posttreatment (Figure 4A), and BOP decreased to only one site at 3-months, but Animal T experienced a rebound between 3 and 6 months ending with three sites with BOP.
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Cannabis is also commonly used among young people in Africa. In South Africa 12.8% of youth reported ever using cannabis and 9.1% had used cannabis on one or more days in the past month . The lifetime prevalence for cannabis use was found to be 18.3% (N = 458) among youth aged 14-23 years in Kenya , 4.4% (N = 402) among Nigerian youth aged 11-20 years and 2.6% (N = 894) among Ghanaian youth 18-24 years .
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Während ihres Krankenhausaufenthalts verstarben 3752 (26 %) der COVID-SARI-Fälle (Tab. 5). Hierbei lag der Altersmedian bei 82 Jahren und damit deutlich über dem Median der COVID-SARI-Patienten insgesamt. Während der beiden Wellen verstarben auch mehrere COVID-SARI-Fälle aus der Altersgruppe 35 bis 59 Jahre (4 % bzw. 5 %) im Krankenhaus. In der zweiten Welle wurde insgesamt ein höherer Anteil Todesfälle berichtet als in der ersten Welle. In Phase 2 gab es den niedrigsten Anteil an Todesfällen unter den COVID-SARI-Fällen, jedoch wurden sie in dieser Phase im Median etwas länger hospitalisiert.
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A: The ND 2D image and 1D pattern (white) of the Cer[EOS]/Cer[NS]-d47/FFA/Chol sample. An asterisk marks a peak of separated Chol. B: The relative NSLD profiles of the protonated Cer[EOS]/Cer[NS]/FFA/Chol and the deuterated Cer[EOS]/Cer[NS]-d47/FFA/Chol sample reconstructed using the indicated phase angles. The water distribution profile of the Cer[EOS]/Cer[NS]-d47/FFA/Chol sample was calculated as a difference between the NSLD at 100% and 8% 2H2O. The profile of the protonated sample is scaled and shifted for better clarity. The chemical structures represent the suggested arrangement of Cer[NS]-d47 molecules across the repeating unit (the polar groups are disproportionally enlarged for clarity). NSLD, neutron scattering length density.
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It is not clear how tonic activation of GABAARs modifies AP waveform in wild-type GCs. In hippocampal mossy fibre boutons, GABAARs tonically activated by ambient GABA also reduce AP amplitude and make APs wider . These changes are thought to reflect enhanced inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels secondary to depolarisation of the membrane by tonically active GABAARs . However, such a mechanism seems unlikely to account for the effects of tonically active GABAARs on APs in wild-type GCs, because the increase in AP amplitude and decrease in AP duration upon inhibition of GABAARs with SR95531 were not accompanied by detectable changes in membrane potential or in the duration of the subthreshold depolarisation preceding the AP (which might change the fraction of inactivated voltage-gated channels). An alternative explanation is that the outwardly-rectifying tonic conductance generated by the repeatedly opening GABAAR channels is able to shunt the currents that generate the AP. Shunting of APs by a GABAAR conductance has been previously observed in primary afferents and in the soma of dentate granule neurons , and has been demonstrated in a modelling study .
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Os dados sugerem que a estrutura proposta é coerente, com número suficiente de dimensões e fatores. O instrumento pode ser aplicado em sua forma atual, com 28 itens, mas se recomendam estudos complementares, ainda com os 60 itens originais, para que sejam incluídas realidades locais de diferentes regiões do País, com características sociais e demográficas distintas. Além disso, outras propriedades psicométricas como reprodutibilidade e validade de critério ainda necessitam ser estudadas de modo a complementar e qualificar ainda mais o processo de validação do instrumento.
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Equation (4) is explicit and the terms in the right-hand side of the equation are known at any initial condition, so the rotating speed at each time step can be calculated. Variation of the wicket gates (WG) opening during transients can be expressed as (5)y=y0−ΔtTc, where y = the dimensionless WG opening, y 0 = initial dimensionless WG opening, and T c = the closing time constant from full opening to closed.
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Little is known about the roles of the predicted ORFs, because limited studies have been carried out on them. Only one ORF, the CMS-related orf222 (or its homolog orf224), has been demonstrated to be important, but the ORFs with unknown functions specific to Brassica could have a particular role in the mitochondrial activities of a particular species .
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PFM electromyographic activity was collected during the performance of abdominal contractions to normalize the EMG data19. To perform abdominal contractions, the volunteers were instructed to remain with the hips and knees flexed at 45 degrees and to make a slight attempt to sit up20 by removing the head and upper portion of the shoulder blades and to maintain this position for five seconds before returning to the original position. A familiarization maneuver and three valid maneuvers were performed, each lasting for five seconds with a one-minute rest interval. No instruction regarding PFM contraction was given during the task.
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У дрозофилы клеточная гибель через аутофагию обнаружена при деградации слюнных желез и средней кишки на стадии метаморфоза «личинка–куколка». Атрофия этих органов является онтогенетически программируемой и регулируется одним и тем же стероидным гормоном – экдизоном (Berry, Baehrecke, 2007; Denton et al., 2012). Однако избыточная аутофагия в сперматогенезе у Trl-мутантов, вероятно, не связана с экдизоном, поскольку в сперматоцитах не были выявлены активные рецепторы к этому гормону (Schwedes et al., 2011). Аутофагии и лизису подвергались сперматоциты на стадии роста перед мейотическим делением. Для этой стадии характерен высокий уровень транскрипции генов и синтетической активности. В норме объем сперматоцитов возрастает в 25 раз, что требует значительного потребления энергии и ресурсов (Fuller, 1993). Можно предположить, что мутации Trl негативно влияют на клеточный метаболизм, не позволяя достичь необходимого уровня синтеза макромолекул и роста клеток. В результате активируется сигнальный путь, регулируемый TOR-киназой, который индуцирует клеточную гибель через аутофагию. Однако также можно предположить, что недостаток белка GAF приводит к нарушению экспрессии генов, кодирующих компоненты TOR-зависимого сигнального пути или/и факторы, регулирующие аутофагию, что также может вызвать эктопическую гибель.
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Als Medikamente sind Acamprosat, Naltrexon und Disulfiram empfohlen. Für Acamprosat und Naltrexon war bei einer sehr guten Evidenzbasierung (Level 1a) allerdings nur der Empfehlungsgrad B („sollte gegeben werden“) ausgesprochen worden. Disulfiram erhielt bei Evidenzbasierung 1b den Empfehlungsgrad 0. Die Datenlage zur Empfehlung von Nalmefen war bei Erstellung der Leitlinien noch nicht ausreichend. Tab. 1 gibt einen Überblick über die zur Pharmakotherapie der Alkoholabhängigkeit eingesetzten Substanzen.MedikamenteDosisWirkmechanismusAndere IndikationenAcamprosat1998 mg/TagUnklar, NMDA-Rezeptor-Agonist, Modulator hyperaktiver glutamaterger Neurone? Rolle von Kalzium?–Disulfiram250–500 mg/TagInhibition der Acetaldehyddehydrogenase–Naltrexon50 mg/Tagµ‑Opioid-Rezeptor-AntagonistOpioidabhängigkeitNalmefen18 mg/Tagµ- und δ‑Opioid-Rezeptor-Antagonist, partieller Agonist am κ‑Opioid-Rezeptor–Baclofen3–80 mg/Tag (bis 270 mg)GABAB-Rezeptor-Agonist (metabotrop)SpastikGabapentin900–1800 mg/TagUnklar, blockiert spannungsabhängige Kanäle. Keine Wirkung über GABA-RezeptorenEpilepsie, neuropathischer SchmerzOndansetron0,5 mg/Tag5‑HT3-AntagonistAntiemetikum bei Krebs (Chemotherapie)Prazosin/DoxazosinBis zu 16 mg/Tagα1-Rezeptor-Agonist–TopiramatBis 300 mg/TagNicht völlig klar, antikonvulsives Medikament, erhöht die GABAA-vermittelte neuronale Aktivität und antagonisiert AMPA- und Kainat-Glutamat-Rezeptoren, außerdem spannungsabhängige Kanäle, schwacher Inhibitor verschiedener anderer EnzymeEpilepsie, Migräne, Lennox-Gastaut-SyndromVareniclin2 mg/TagPartieller Agonist am nikotinischen α4β2-AcetylcholinrezeptorsubtypRauchenγ‑Hydroxy-Buttersäure, GHB–Präkursor von GABA (schwacher Agonist am GABAB-Rezeptor) Glutamat, GlycinNarkolepsie
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It turns out that in many cases, identifying the underlying normal form of a model is enough to capture the timbre of the synthesized sounds. For example, oscillations born in Hopf bifurcations lead to tonal sounds, while those born in “Saddle Node in Limit Cycle” (SNILC) bifurcations are spectrally rich, giving rise to rougher sounds (Amador and Mindlin, 2008; Sitt et al., 2008). Both these bifurcations can be found for parameters close to those where a Hopf line is tangent to a saddle node curve (see bifurcation diagram of the model in Figure 2, left). This is known as a “Takens–Bogdanov” bifurcation, and scaling the time through a constant γ the normal form for this bifurcation can be written as:
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Observation 2: Une jeune fille âgée de 19 ans, sans antécédents, consulte pour douleurs et limitation à la mobilisation des hanches, associées à une asthénie et un amaigrissement depuis un an. L'examen clinique montrait une altération de l'état général avec quelques signes de déshydratation extracellulaire et des douleurs à la mobilisation active et passive de la hanche. A la biologie elle présentait une hypercalcémie à 3.13mmo/l et une hypophosphorémie à 0.6mmol/l associée à une hypercalciurie à 14mmol/24h. La PTH était élevée à 1800 pg/ml, associée à une hypovitaminose D à 5ng/ml. Le diagnostic d'HPT1 était retenu. La patiente était mise sous vitamine D et diurèse forcée en surveillant la calcémie, la calciurie et l'état d'hydratation. Le retentissement était aussi uniquement osseux avec la présence de fractures pathologiques des deux cols de fémur non déplacées et une tumeur brune au niveau de la main gauche (Figure 4). L'osteodensitométrie montrait une ostéoporose avec un Z Score à -6,4. L'échographie cervicale montrait une masse parathyroïdienne droite de 3cm fixante à la scintigraphie. La patiente a bénéficié d'une adénomectomie après normalisation de la calcémie et prise de deux injections de bisphosphonate. L'étude anatomopathologique était en faveur d'un adénome parathyroïdien bénin. Les suites opératoires étaient comparables à la première patiente. La conduite pour les fractures était le repos et la marche avec béquilles. L'évolution à 3 mois postopératoire était favorable avec consolidation des fractures. La recherche d'une forme familiale chez les deux patientes était négative.
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In terms of laboratory biomarkers, the measurement of antigen-specific IgG4-type antibodies in AIT studies is considered a classical parameter and other laboratory biomarkers are currently under discussion . The clinical symptom improvements with AIT may also be accompanied by a reduction in the number of immunological cells such as mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, and type 2 lymphocytes in nasal and bronchial mucosa . Thus, production of blocking IgG/IgG4 antibodies can inhibit IgE-dependent activation, which may be triggered by high-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI) on mast cells and basophils, as well as via low-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRII) on B cells . Deletion or anergy of antigen-specific T cells, induction of antigen-specific regulatory T cells, or induction of TH1 cells occurs concomitantly .
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In this report, we analysed the ascending aortic gene expression profile in patients with BAV and TAV from a flow perspective. Using a combination of methods, we described a potential flow-mediated gene expression associated with BAV and disclosed that a large proportion of the identified genes were induced by shear stress and related to angiogenesis and/or wound healing. Importantly, in the same group of patients, no genes were differentially expressed in the mammary artery between BAV and TAV patients when the same selection procedure was applied, suggesting that the identified gene expression pattern was specific for the ascending aorta close to the aortic valve itself. It should be emphasized that the differential expression of these genes is most likely due to the aortic cusp morphology as atherosclerosis patients were excluded and other disease phenotypes, i.e. dilatation, regurgitation and stenosis, were included as covariates in the multivariate analysis. Using a wider set of query genes further confirmed a robust co-expression with queries. Moreover, 55 % of the identified genes were differentially expressed between uniform and disturbed flow in rat aorta.
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At one-year clinical outcome data was available for 85 patients. 13 (15.3%) patients died during the first year after diagnosis of LVT. The median duration from diagnosis of LVT to death was 16 days. In 15 (15%) patients the diagnosis of stroke or TIA predated the diagnosis of LVT, which was discovered during echo for evaluation of the stroke. Among these patients 8 (53.3%) had underlying non-ischemic CMP, 6 (40%) had chronic ischemic CMP, and one patient (6.7%) had a recent MI. Following an echo diagnosis of LVT, only four patients (4.7%) developed thromboembolism (stroke in all 4) during the first year. These events occurred on days 1, 2, 4 and 38 respectively. Table 2 summarizes characteristics of these patients. Documented clinically significant bleeding occurred in 8 patients in the first year. The site of bleeding was intracranial in 4 patients, gastrointestinal in 3 and genitourinary in 1 patient. Bleeding severity was classified as BARC2 in 3 patients, BARC 3C in 2, and BARC5 in 3. The median duration to bleeding was 90.5 days. At the time of developing a bleed, 2 patients were on warfarin, 3 on DOAC, 2 on enoxaparin and 1 patient was not on any treatment. This patient had a pre-existing history of bleeding ulcers. There was no significant difference between the proportion of patients on warfarin and DOAC who developed bleeding (5.9% and 5.2% respectively p = 0.85).
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В 2012 г. впервые выполнен транскриптомный анализ для совместимых и несовместимых взаимодействий P. infestans и S. tuberosum (Gyetvai et al., 2012). Исследовано пять изогенных линий, которые различались только наличием и отсутствием R-гена (R1), с целью исключить влияние генетического фона на транскриптом. Однако оказалось, что изменения транскриптома между растениями одной линии отличаются больше, чем средние транскриптомы линий между собой, что указывает на значительное влияние как индивидуальных физиологических параметров, так и факторов окружающей среды в процессе защитной реакции. Одним из них может быть движение во времени и пространстве защитных сигналов от места первоначального физического контакта между зооспорами P. infestans и клетками-хозяевами и соседними клетками. Анализ DeepSAGE позволил выявить некоторые интересные аспекты общей структуры транскриптома. Две трети (68 %) унитагов были экспрессированы на низких уровнях (<10 CPM) в ткани листьев, из которых одна треть (36 %) не соответствовала ни одному из известных транскриптов картофеля, что может быть объяснено немодельным объектом и немногочисленными данными о транскриптоме S. tuberosum. С другой стороны, только 3 % унитагов показали среднюю экспрессию выше 100 CPM, но составили 32 % от общего транскриптома. Из очень частых транскриптов только 14 % были не известны. Нужно отметить следующие транскрипты из этого исследования:
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Trotz des bestehenden Bedarfs gibt es bisher nur wenige deutschsprachige computerbasierte Trainingsprogramme, die auf erwachsene CI-Träger ausgerichtet sind . Im Vergleich zum englischsprachigen Markt sind die deutschen Programme hinsichtlich ihrer Struktur, der wissenschaftlichen Evaluierung und den Inhalten her bislang nur wenig ausgereift.
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So far only a limited number of methylated genes have been examined in ADC, especially using cervical scrapings in a large series. These studies revealed markers with a different clinical utility, i.e. with a lower sensitivity for both ADC and SCC or either one [24, 26, 27, 53–58]. Two genes of the Wnt pathway, DKK3 and SFRP2, showed more methylation in ADC tissue compared to SCC tissue (82% vs. 18% and 84% vs. 39%) and combined analysis in cervical scrapes (n=8) detected all AdCIS and ADC . Recently, PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1 and ZNF582, previously reported to be frequently methylated in scrapings of SCC patients, were also analyzed in scrapings of ADC patients and showed a sensitivity of the single genes of 82% - 93% with a specificity of 81% - 95% in a Taiwanese population . However, data on screening large cohorts with these markers is currently unavailable.
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The choice of instrument used for assessing functioning may also influence the findings. Whether the instrument used assesses FC or RWF may impact the effect size, and therefore the likelihood of demonstrating a significant association between cognition and functioning. Note that instruments assessing FC and RWF are not interchangeable, as FC is a measure of ability in ideal circumstances, while RWF is a measure of actual application of the functioning skills in the real world (see Section 3.1.5). Additionally, some patients with schizophrenia demonstrate substantial overconfidence which correlates poorly with performance on cognitive tests, which in turn is minimally associated with self-reports of functioning. Therefore, self-rated functioning measures must be used with caution in schizophrenia (Jones et al., 2020; n = 215).
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Da die soziodemographischen Variablen hinreichend Varianz aufweisen, sollte externe Validität gegeben sein. Auch bezogen auf die interne Validität liegt kein offensichtliches Verdachtsmoment vor, denn das Vignettenuniversum war nicht zu groß und die Anzahl an Dimensionen und Ausprägungen pro Vignette haben die empfohlenen Grenzwerte nicht überschritten .
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In die Intention-to-treat-Analyse eingeschlossen wurden 471 Patienten/Gruppe. Ein neues POD lag in 6,2 % unter Regionalanästhesie und in 5,1 % unter Allgemeinanästhesie vor (p = 0,57; RR 1,2; KI 0,7–2,0). Die Schwere des Delirs, gemessen mit der Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98, und Letalität waren gleich in beiden Gruppen.
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The D-Wave hardware uses superconducting QPUs to create a quantum Ising spin system in a transverse field. The quantum Ising model has the Hamiltonian1720\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\begin{aligned} H_{Ising}(s) = - \frac{A(s)}{2} \sum _i {{\hat{\sigma }}}^x_i + \frac{B(s)}{2} \left( \sum _i h_i {{\hat{\sigma }}}^z_i + \sum _{i>j} J_{ij} {{\hat{\sigma }}}^z_i {{\hat{\sigma }}}^z_j \right) \end{aligned}$$\end{document}HIsing(s)=-A(s)2∑iσ^ix+B(s)2∑ihiσ^iz+∑i>jJijσ^izσ^jzwhere \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${{\hat{\sigma }}}$$\end{document}σ^ are Pauli matrices operating on a qubit. A normalized unitless parameter \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$s(t) = [0 , 1]$$\end{document}s(t)= is introduced as a function of annealing time. At the beginning of annealing, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$A(0) \gg B(0)$$\end{document}A(0)≫B(0), which leads to a easily prepared ground state of superposition states. At the end of annealing, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$A(1) \ll B(1)$$\end{document}A(1)≪B(1), the eigenstates \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\{ \uparrow , \downarrow \}$$\end{document}{↑,↓} of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$H_p$$\end{document}Hp, which consists of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\sigma ^z$$\end{document}σz only, correspond to spin configurations of the classical Ising model \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\{ +1, -1 \}$$\end{document}{+1,-1} given by21\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$\begin{aligned} E_{Ising} = -\sum _i h_i S_i - \sum _{i>j} J_{ij} S_i S_j \end{aligned}$$\end{document}EIsing=-∑ihiSi-∑i>jJijSiSjthat can be transformed to Eq. (8). The tool suit (Ocean18) provides control of annealing in terms of s(t)19. Instead of a linear increase in s as a function of time, s first increases linearly and then is held constant for a pausing time \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$t_{pause}$$\end{document}tpause before increasing linear again until \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$s(t_{final})=1$$\end{document}s(tfinal)=1.
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Sex differences in hippocampal-related behaviors suggest that there may be differences in the organization and function of hippocampal neural circuits in males and females. Some studies have reported that the male hippocampus is larger than women [42, 43], although other studies have not shown such results [44–47].
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Además, se utilizó un diagrama de bosque para el resultado total del metaanálisis, con el fin de evidenciar las diferencias en cada estudio y globalmente, con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza. En todos los análisis, la significación estadística se estableció en p<0,05.
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Given the variable nature of procurement, handling and processing of clinical samples, we next evaluated the influence of sample handling, timing of antibody labeling and fixation of samples. Figure 3 shows the results of evaluating the effect of immediate staining of cells after collection or staining after storage in either EDTA or 5% RPMI culture media for 24 or 48 hours. Cells that were stained immediately upon collection demonstrated the most consistent results compared to those stored in EDTA or media for 24 hours. While cells stored in media demonstrated no change in CD11b/CADO48A expression after 48 hours, there was a slight decrease in CD11b+CADO48A+ cells in cells stored in EDTA for 48 hours. In general, the entire population of cells in 48 hour EDTA-treated cells had diminished CADO48A expression which contributed to the decreased in double positive cells. These findings suggest that media storage of samples for up to 48 hours can provide consistent and similar results to samples processed immediately for evaluated CD11b/CADO48A expression while storage of samples in EDTA for more than 24 hours may alter the receptor expression of cells. For all subsequent blood sample evaluation, samples were processed immediately unless otherwise indicated.
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肺癌是我国乃至全球发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。近年来，该疾病的发病率在我国呈显著上升趋势。虽然世界各国都投入了大量的人力和物力，肺癌的诊治依然没有质的突进。多数患者发现时已处于中晚期，常合并骨、脑、肝、肾上腺等部位的转移。眼睛作为人体一种特殊的视觉器官，主要由眼动脉供血，眼动脉与颈内动脉呈直角，血流中的肿瘤栓子等由于血流速度关系，往往容易停留在颅内，而不易经眼动脉进入眼内，故眼转移瘤十分少见，且常晚发于其他部位。但转移瘤仍是眼部最常见的恶性肿瘤。最早的眼部转移瘤由Horner报告于1864年，是一例肺癌眼眶转移患者。眼部转移最常见的部位是葡萄膜。脉络膜由于血管丰富最常受影响（89%），其次是虹膜（9%）和睫状体（2%）。目前文献对视网膜转移癌的报道极少，以眼部症状为首发表现者更少。多数视网膜转移癌来自于皮肤黑色素瘤，小部分来自于乳腺癌和肺癌。既往报道的31例视网膜转移患者，其中有9例原发病灶在肺部。Su等调查了1991年至2005年被诊断为肺癌的8484余例患者，其中有16例合并眼部转移，仅有2例合并视网膜转移，肺癌眼部转移瘤发病率小于1%。原发肺癌眼部转移患者最常见的组织类型为腺癌，鳞癌少见。考虑可能与原发肿瘤的转移特点有关，腺癌以血液循环转移途径为主，鳞癌以淋巴管转移为主，由于眼部缺少淋巴管，故眼部转移主要通过血行转移。本例患者为肺鳞状细胞癌合并视网膜转移，以眼部症状为首发表现，相对更少见。
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Wichtig ist jedoch hierbei anzumerken, dass das Alter und die Berufserfahrung in der vorliegenden Studie hoch miteinander korrelierten. Um Multikollinearität zu vermeiden, wurde deshalb nur die Berufserfahrung in die Analysen mit aufgenommen. Damit kann jedoch davon ausgegangen werden, dass auch ein höheres Alter mit einer negativeren Einstellung gegenüber beiden Faktoren einhergeht und dies damit bisherigen Befunden verwandter Kontexte widerspricht (Aarons 2004; Aarons et al. 2010; Pierce et al. 2020). Ursächlich für diese negativere Einstellung könnten die unterschiedliche generationsspezifische Wahrnehmung von Technik und die Verhaltens- und Leistungsunterschiede zwischen jüngeren und älteren Personen sein (Jakobs et al. 2008; Lödige-Röhrs 1995). Dabei scheint das Erleben von Technik in der ersten und zweiten Lebensphase und die dort erworbene Erfahrung im Umgang mit Technik wesentlich zu sein. Anlehnend an die Ergebnisse von Jakobs et al. (2008) wollen jüngere Personen technische Geräte ausschließlich konsumieren und ältere Personen die mechanisch-haptische Funktionsweise des Gerätes verstehen. Dieses gewünschte Verständnis lässt sich aber kaum auf die digitale Technik übertragen und führt zu ungünstigen Attributionsmustern und Vermeidungsstrategien (Jakobs et al. 2008; Lödige-Röhrs 1995). Zusammengenommen entsprechen diese Erkenntnisse dem Altersstereotyp, dass jüngere Personen neue Technologien wahrscheinlicher einführen und nutzen als ältere Personen (Lödige-Röhrs 1995, Pierce et al. 2020).
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Because the improved IPSO-BP hybrid prediction model does not take into account all the factors affecting surface subsidence, it has certain limitations. However, the method proposed in this study has certain universality. As long as the index selection can be based on the actual situation of the project, it can also be applied to study the settlement of other pipe jacking. When the project is relatively complex and there are many indicators selected, dimension reduction work should be further carried out. The higher-dimensional data are projected into the low-dimensional space to maximize the retention of the information of the original data and finally predict the calculation. Our next research will use more popular and stable algorithms to apply to other studies to help other researchers interested in this knowledge field.
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All experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The University of Houston Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approved the procedures (protocol number 16-013). Male and female Long–Evans rats were purchased at approximately 2 months of age (Envigo, Indianapolis, IN, USA), with males weighing 250–300 g and females weighing 175–200 g. Upon arrival, animals were allowed to acclimate to reverse light/dark(12h2h) room vivarium conditions for one week. The following week, rats were gently handled daily for 5 days and trained to accept a gavage needle before treatments commenced.
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However, more severe disease with increased morbidity and mortality has been observed in outbreaks caused by specific BDV strains such as the Aveyron strain in sheep (Chappius et al., 1984; Vega et al., 2015). Specific host–virus interactions may also have severe outcomes, including the deaths among Pyrenean Chamois apparently caused by a BDV type 4 strain (Arnal et al., 2004; Marco et al., 2007; Luzzago et al., 2016). In addition, it is possible that rearing conditions may impact on the losses due to BD. A feedlot study of natural BDV infection showed more than half of the lambs tested had BDV infection and these animals showed a 20% reduction in growth rate compared with uninfected lambs at 3 months of age (González et al., 2014).
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The experiment was performed in the Aquaculture Laboratory at the School of Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, USA. This protocol was evaluated and approved by the 3rd Warsaw Local Ethics Committee for Animal Experimentation at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (No. 28/2006, 29.06.2006, III`rd Local Ethics Committee, Warsaw). Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) of the initial weight of approximately 0.3 g were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 L), 60 fish per tank. The fish were fed three types of diets (in triplicates) based on WG: enriched with Lys-Gly dipeptide (DP group), enriched with Lys and Gly amino acids (FAA group), without lysine supplementation (LF group) (Table 1 and Table 2). The fourth experimental group was fed commercial starter Bio-Oregon (Westbrook, Maine, USA, C group) (in triplicates). The protein content in the diets formulated based on WG was 460 g/kg (DP, FAA, and LF groups), while in the commercial diet—435 g/kg (C group). The lipid content in the DP, FAA, and LF diets was 60 g/kg, while in C diet—155 g/kg . The proximal composition of experimental diets is presented in Table 2. During the experiment, fish were fed manually, 3 times a day for 48 days. For the first 14 days of the experiment, the feed ration was 3% of fish biomass, while in the following period it was raised to 4–5% (up to the 48th day of the experiment).
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Resulta urgente la implementación del modelo propuesto por la Comisión con una transición más acelerada. Se debería avanzar lo más rápido posible en mancomunar todos los fondos disponibles en uno solo, dando paso a un ente público pagador único sin intermediación de seguros y sin más mediación que las coordinaciones y regulaciones de redes públicas establecidas (a las cuales podrán adherir proveedores privados). Los problemas de eficiencia y equidad, se resolverán entonces en las formas de asignación de los recursos. Estas deberán promover la integración de las redes y un modelo centrado en la atención primaria, con acceso equitativo y universal. La experiencia de países que han transitado ese camino será vital en este tránsito; en todo caso, se habrá dado un paso definitivo en la solidaridad necesaria en el sistema de salud chileno.
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Foram identificados 264 artigos nas bases de dados, dos quais 115 eram duplicatas e foram excluídos, assim como outros 127, descartados após a leitura dos títulos e resumos e nove após a leitura na íntegra. Assim, foram selecionados para o estudo 13 artigos que abordavam a relação da hipertensão arterial sistêmica como fator de risco para agravamento da covid-19 (Figura).
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Several cytokines, including interleukins and interferons, and other mediators of inflammation were associated with both colon (INFGR1, IL6, IRF2, NFκB1A, TLR2) and rectal cancer survival (IL1A and IL3), as was suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS1). Functions of cytokine-related pathways include apoptosis and cell proliferation. INFG has been shown to regulate the expression of apoptosis-related genes and has been hypothesized to regulate cell sensitivity to apoptosis . TLRs can promote inflammation, cell survival and tumor progression . Studies analyzing associations between risk or survival and SNPs in interleukin genes such as IL1B, IL1RA, IL10 have reported conflicting results; some SNPs being associated with increased risk or survival while others associated with a lower risk or survival for colorectal cancer –.
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The vig-1 mutants are sensitive to CPT. F3 generation young adults were treated with 0.1 or 0.5 μM CPT for 19 h, and the embryonic survival (%) was determined as described in the Materials and methods. More than 100 embryos were used for each data point. Similar results were obtained from four separate experiments, and error bars indicate SEM.
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Dissemination and outbreaks caused by KPC- and NDM-producing K. pneumoniae isolates have been reported, but we call attention to the scarcity of reports of CPE isolates colonizing or infecting transplanted patients reported so far (Taglietti et al., 2013; Lee et al., 2018).
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Extensive research has been undertaken on sleep and activity patterns and their significance . However it is desirable to obtain sleep and activity data in a way that is unobtrusive and does not rely on the active participation of the subjects, especially if this involves patients with a health problem. Although some research has been done on automatic collection of data, most systems have been established in purpose facilities rather than deployed with patients living in their own home, and not on a significant scale . Clearly there are challenges. One of these is developing a platform that can be deployed at low cost, having devices for both activity and physiological monitoring, and fits well with UK health services. A cost-effective and minimally invasive solution in a real home would imply that the platform has a limited number of sensors, giving limited but adequate sensor information. The key area of research is how to determine the minimum monitoring requirements and how meaningful information may be extracted from that limited sensor data. This paper reports on the results of the development of our system, determination of data requirements, and analysis. A further important aspect of the research is how the data is transformed to enable clear and intuitive visualization for the clinicians that must use and interact with the data and make judgments on the condition of patients. This is also an area where little or no research has been undertaken.
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Figure 1 illustrates the general large FOV star sensor for attitude determination. After capturing stars in the real sky and imaging by the star sensor, the attitude information is completed by an autonomous procedure (including image pretreatment, star centroiding, star map matching, attitude determination, etc.). The schematic of imaging is also shown in Figure 1, where f is the focal length of lens and α is the angle of FOV.
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