sentence-transformers/simple-wiki · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 11 2.31k	simplified stringlengths 12 2.51k
Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped , bzipped or lzmaed tar archives : one that holds the control information and another that contains the data .	Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped or bzipped tar archives : one that holds the control information and another that contains the data .
Debian packages can be converted into other packages and vice versa using alien , and created from source code using CheckInstall or Debian Package Maker .	deb packages can be converted into other packages and vice versa using Alien .
The accepted program for handling these packages is dpkg , most commonly via other programs such as apt\/aptitude or Gdebi .	The canonical program for handling these packages is dpkg , most commonly via apt\/aptitude .
Most groups , such as the Association of Shareware Professionals , the Software Industry Professionals group and PC Shareware clearly state their position that any software marketed as ` try before you buy ' is shareware .	Shareware is a way to sell software .
Bouffignereux is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France .	Bouffignereux is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .
The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901 ; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry , Nobel Prize in Literature , Nobel Peace Prize , and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine .	The Nobel Prize in Physics is a Nobel Prize in the science of Physics .
The RF industry uses standard type-names for coaxial cables .	Today , coaxial cables are used for things like Cable TV . Coaxial cables can also be used for computer networks , but this is more rarely the case now , as twisted pair cables can be used there more easily .
Conformable cable is a flexible reformable alternative to semi-rigid coaxial cable used where flexibility is required . Conformable cable can be stripped and formed by hand withouth the need for specialist tools , similar to standard coaxial cable .	A Coaxial cable is a special electrical cable .
Digambara is one of the two main sects of Jainism , the other being Svetambar .	Digambar is one of the two main sects of Jainism , the other is Svetambar .
It was registered in 1993 as one of the first UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Japan .	It was registered as the first Japanese National Cultural Treasure by UNESCO World Heritage Site and a Japanese National Cultural Treasure in December , 1993 .
The castle is frequently known as HakurojÅ ( `` White Egret Castle '' ) or ShirasagijÅ ( `` White Heron Castle '' ) because of its brilliant white exterior and supposed resemblance to a bird taking flight .	It is sometimes known as HakurojÅ or ShirasagijÅ ( `` White Heron Castle '' ) because of its brilliant white exterior .
Along with Matsumoto Castle and Kumamoto Castle , it is considered one of Japan 's three premier castles .	Along with Matsumoto Castle and Kumamoto Castle , it is one of Japan 's `` Three Famous Castles '' , and is the most visited castle in Japan .
Himeji Castle is a hilltop Japanese castle complex located in Himeji in HyÅ go Prefecture .	Himeji Castle is a Japanese castle located in Himeji in HyÅ go Prefecture and which includes 83 buildings made of wood .
Fernandina Beach is a port city in Nassau County , Florida , on Amelia Island .	Fernandina Beach is the county seat of Nassau County , Florida in the United States .
Christoph Daum ( born 24 October 1953 in Zwickau ) is a German football coach .	Christoph Daum ( born 24 October 1953 ) is a former German football player .
With the exception of the Isles of Scilly , Cornwall is now governed by a unitary authority known as Cornwall Council which is based in Truro .	Truro is the capital of the Unitary Authority that has administered Cornwall since 2009 .
The Isles of Scilly form part of the ceremonial county of Cornwall and have , at times , been served by the same county administration .	The Scilly Isles are a group of islands south west of Cornwall and forming part of the county .
Cornwall 's Courts of Justice are also located in Truro .	Truro is also the only city and has the cathedral of the Diocese of Truro . The Duchy of Cornwall is an estate which belongs to the Prince of Wales ( who is also the Duke of Cornwall ) but only part of it is in Cornwall .
It is bordered to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean , to the south by the English Channel , and to the east by the county of Devon , over the River Tamar .	Cornwall is divided from Devon by the River Tamar .
In addition there are also groups and individuals , including the Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament , the Cornish Constitutional Convention , and John Angarrack , who reject the present constitutional status of Cornwall , denying the legality of Cornwall 's current administration as a county of England , and Cornwall 's relationship to the Duchy of Cornwall .	The Duchy of Cornwall is an estate which belongs to the Prince of Wales ( who is also the Duke of Cornwall ) but only part of it is in Cornwall .
As the world 's second largest manufacturer of pickup trucks , aided by punitive excise taxes on passenger cars , pickup trucks have long been extremely popular in Thailand : between 1987 and 1996 , 58 percent of all cars sold in the country were pickup trucks .	Pickup trucks have different shapes , sizes , and uses . Sometimes people would go ride in the back of the trucks to work .
Centric is sometimes used to describe music which is not traditionally tonal , but which nevertheless has a relatively strong tonal center .	Such music is tonal .
Articles and events specifically relating to the 18th century , which included the years 1701 to 1800 ( not 1700 to 1799 as is often erroneously claimed ) .	This category is for articles and events specifically related to the 18th century , which began in the year 1701 and ended in the year 1800 .
In sports , home is a term referring to both the city and stadium , arena , or field where an athletic team plays games at their venue , whilst when the team plays elsewhere then they are considered the away team .	In sports , home is a term meaning both the city and stadium , arena , or field where an athletic team plays games at their own venue .
Primarily because of its messianic promise , the book of Malachi is frequently referred to in the Christian New Testament . What follows is a brief comparison between the book of Malachi and the New Testament texts which refer to it ( as suggested in Hill 84-88 ) .	The Book of Malachi , is the last of the books of the Old Testament .
The 28th Infantry was redesignated as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .	The 28th Infantry was renamed as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .
GÃ ppingen is a city in southern Germany , part of the Stuttgart Region of Baden-W Ã 1\/4 rttemberg .	GÃ ppingen is a town in Baden-W Ã 1\/4 rttemberg , Germany .
Cooke Barracks was returned to the German government in 1992 .	Cooke Barracks were given back to the German government in 1992 .
A disastrous fire on August 25 , 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .	A fire on August 25 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .
They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was redesignated as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .	They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was renamed as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .
From 1945 through 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the kaserne .	From 1945 to 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the buildings .
It is the capital of the district GÃ ppingen .	In 2005 there were 57,771 people living in GÃ ppingen .
In late 1950 , the 7th Army had been reactivated in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .	In late 1950 , the 7th Army had been reformed in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .
In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks in honor of Charles H. Cooke , Jr. who had been posthumously awarded the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for gallantry in action .	In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks , after Charles H. Cooke , Jr. , who been killed in action and given the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for bravery .
The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until they were deactivated in 1991 .	The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until 1991 .
The importance of such industry is still seen in the town in the present day in companies such as MÃ rklin and Schuler .	Companies such as MÃ rklin and Schuler are still based in the town .
The barracks began to be expanded and was used as the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .	The barracks were made bigger for the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .
This was acquired by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and expanded into Fliegerhorst Kaserne .	This was taken over by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and was called the Fliegerhorst Kaserne ( barracks ) .
In 1930 , a civilian air field was built north of GÃ ppingen .	In 1930 , an air field was built north of GÃ ppingen .
Also , the joystick must be in the middle position at least once when the implicit `` self calibration '' takes place , even if not explicitly stated .	Also , the joystick must be in the middle position at least once when the implicit `` self calibration '' takes place , even if this is not directly stated .
The calibration procedure is still required at some phase , even under modern operating systems such as Windows XP .	The calibration procedure is still needed at some point , even under modern operating systems such as Windows XP .
The original game port design by IBM ( released in 1981 as a separate expansion card for the first IBM PC ) initially allowed four analog axes and four buttons on one port , allowing two joysticks or four paddles to be connected , although this required a special `` Y-splitter '' cable and is n't fully supported by some combined midi\/game ports usually found on sound cards .	The original game port design by IBM ( released in 1981 as a separate expansion card for the first IBM PC ) initially allowed four analog axes and four buttons on one port , allowing two joysticks or four paddles to be connected , although this required a special `` Y-splitter '' cable and is not fully supported by some combined midi\/game ports usually found on sound cards .
Its analog nature has also been the cause of many problems e.g. all kinds of joysticks needed `` calibration '' , even arcade-style ones since no game controller and no joystick produced the same measurements each time , but they were dependent on the exact way acquisition was made and even on the CPU 's speed in some rather poor designs .	One problem was that all kinds of joysticks needed `` calibration '' . This was true even for arcade-style ones .
In general , if only a purely directional input with no precise intensity information is required , an analog joystick can be `` self calibrated '' just by leaving the joystick in the middle position and taking a measurement , and then using some arbitrary or adaptive threshold to detect movement and excursion from the middle position .	It can not give an intensity . For this setup , an analog joystick can be `` self calibrated '' just by leaving the joystick in the middle position and taking a measurement , and then using some arbitrary or adaptive threshold to detect movement and excursion from the middle position .
Certain applications and games were ( and are ) , however , able to use some analog joysticks without explicit calibration , under certain restricted conditions .	Certain applications and games are able to use some analog joysticks even without explicit calibration , under certain restricted conditions .
USB joysticks do not require calibration , in general .	USB joysticks , on the other hand , do not need calibration .
Calibration usually requires moving the joystick around all of its axes to measure the maximum axis excursion values , regardless of whether the joystick uses analog signals ( from potentiometers ) or digital signals ( using microswitches or contacts ) .	Usually , it consists of moving the joystick around all of its axes to measure the maximum axis excursion values , no matter if the joystick uses analog signals ( from potentiometers ) or digital signals ( using microswitches or contacts ) .
Some poorly implemented game ports ( usually built-in on old motherboards and I\/O cards ) did n't fully support either 4 axes or 4 buttons , making only the use of a single 2-axis and 2-button joystick possible .	Some poorly implemented game ports ( usually built-in on old motherboards and I\/O cards ) did not fully support either 4 axes or 4 buttons , making only the use of a single 2-axis and 2-button joystick possible .
The typical implementation of a game port uses a capacitor and a simple voltage comparator , which together form a sort of crude ramp-compare ADC , which needs to be periodically polled and reset at precise moments to read an input , something that must be done several times ( generally above 30 ) per second to provide a responsive game input , and the actual acquisition frequency and value typically depend on the joystick 's internal resistance , noise , CPU speed and the total joystick-capacitor 's RC time constant .	This must be done more than 30 times every second to provide a responsive game input . The actual acquisition frequency and value usually depend on the joystick 's resistance inside , noise , CPU speed and the total joystick-capacitor 's RC time constant .
The 15-pin game port is pretty much non-existent on presently manufactured PCs , though adapters exist that allow older joysticks and controllers to connect via USB .	The 15-pin game port is no longer provided on presently manufactured PCs , though adapters exist that allow older joysticks and controllers to connect via USB .
In the days of DOS , each game using the game port ( s ) had to do its own calibration , often each time the game started , and some poorly coded calibration routines even failed to work consistently and properly , rendering some joysticks unusable with some games .	In the days of DOS , every game using the game port ( s ) had to do its own calibration , often each time the game started , and some poorly coded calibration routines even failed to work consistently and properly , rendering some joysticks unusable with some games .
With Windows XP , only one calibration per joystick is enough , which is assumed `` valid '' until a joystick is unplugged .	With Windows XP , only one calibration per joystick is enough , which is thought `` valid '' until the joystick is unplugged .
Some advanced game port joysticks supports more than 4 buttons ( e.g. 6 or 8 ) but typically require a special device driver for the additional buttons to work properly , since the game port does n't have actual hardware support for more than 4 distinct buttons .	Some advanced game port joysticks supports more than 4 buttons ( e.g. 6 or 8 ) but typically require a special device driver for the additional buttons to work properly , since the game port does not have actual hardware support for more than 4 distinct buttons .
Microsoft announced it would no longer include support for game ports in operating systems beginning with Windows XP Professional x64 edition , reasoning that USB-based gaming equipment had become more common .	Microsoft declared it would no longer include support for game ports in operating systems beginning with MS-Windows XP Professional x64 edition , reasoning that USB-based gaming equipment had become more common .
From 457 to 486 , under Aegidius and his son Syagrius , Noviodunum was the capital of the `` Kingdom of Soissons '' , until it fell to the Frankish king Clovis I in the Battle of Soissons .	Soissons was the capital of France into 486 , under the reign of Clovis .
PrÃ treville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .	PrÃ treville is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .
There is usually a maximum of four or five links in a food chain , although food chains in aquatic ecosystems are frequently longer than those on land . Eventually , all the energy in a food chain is lost as heat .	When this happens , the food chain forms a food web .
A food web is a series of related food chains displaying the movement of energy and matter through an ecosystem .	A food web shows how food chains are related within an ecosystem .
The Province of Pesaro and Urbino is a province in the Marche region of Italy .	Pesaro and Urbino is a province in the region of Marche in Italy .
British Rail 18000 was a prototype mainline gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1949 by Brown , Boveri & Cie. It had , however , been ordered by the Great Western Railway in 1946 , but construction was delayed due to World War II .	British Rail 18000 was a prototype mainline Gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1949 by Brown , Boveri & Cie. It had , however , been ordered by the Great Western Railway in 1940 , but construction was delayed due to World War II .
Lieutenant-Colonel Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu KÃ ningen ( 29 October 1879 - 2 May 1969 ) was a German nobleman , Roman Catholic monarchist politician , General Staff officer , and diplomat , who served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler in 1933 -- 1934 .	Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu KÃ ningen ( 29 October 1879 - 2 May 1969 ) was a German nobleman , Catholic monarchist politician , General Staff officer , and diplomat , who served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor in 1933-1934 .
Vignats is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .	Vignats is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .
The main character was based on General George Armstrong Custer .	The game is based on US General George Custer .
For others it refers to the churches of the first millennium , including , besides the Roman Catholic Church , the Eastern Orthodox Church , the Oriental Orthodox Church , and the Assyrian Church of the East .	In 1054 , the Great Church Orthodox and Catholic split into the Western ( Roman ) Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church .
It is a large scoria volcano with two craters , which last erupted about one million years ago .	It last erupted about 1 million years ago .
It is recorded that John Kelly built this house in 1859 when Ned was about five years old .	It is recorded that John Kelly built this house in about 1859 when Ned was about five years old .
The Primary School is a bluestone building where the Kelly family once went to church and Ned went to school .	The Primary School is a bluestone building once a church where the Kelly family prayed .
At the 2006 census , Beveridge and the surrounding area had a population of 1,192 .	In 2006 there were 1,192 people living in Beveridge and the local area .
From this location the explorers Hume and Hovell first saw Port Phillip on 14 December 1824 .	From this spot the explorers Hume and Hovell first saw Port Phillip Bay on 14 December 1824 .
Near Beveridge is Mount Fraser , an eroded extinct volcanic cone .	Near Beveridge is Mt Fraser , an extinct volcanic cone .
At Beveridge a cottage where the Kelly family lived for a short time is still standing today , located on Kelly Street .	A cottage where the Kelly family lived for a short time is still standing today , located on Kelly Street .
Located on a hillside , this Gothic-style building was built between 1857 and 1862 as both a Catholic church and a school .	Sitting on a hillside , this gothic style building was built between 1857 and 1862 .
A quarry now operates at the side of the hill and supplies most of Melbourne 's scoria .	A quarry now operates at the side of the hill .
The earliest drinking straws were hollow stems of grass , literally made of straw .	Drinking straws are usually made from plastic that is formed into a tube . To use a drinking straw , a person places the straw in a glass that contains a liquid and then sucks the straw with their mouth .
Laurac-en-Vivarais is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .	Laurac-en-Vivarais is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .
Thermometers are another application of thermal expansion â '' most contain a liquid ( usually mercury or alcohol ) which is constrained to flow in only one direction ( along the tube ) due to changes in volume brought about by changes in temperature .	Thermometers are an example of an application of thermal expansion â `` they contain a liquid which is constrained to flow in only one direction ( along the tube ) due to changes in volume brought about by changes in temperature .
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature .	In physics , thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature .
Materials which contract with increasing temperature are rare ; this effect is limited in size , and only occurs within limited temperature ranges .	Materials that contract with an increase in temperature are very uncommon ; this effect is limited in size , and only occurs within limited temperature ranges .
When a substance is heated , its particles begin moving more and thus usually maintain a greater average separation .	When a substance is heated , its constituent particles move around more quickly and by doing so generally maintain a greater average separation .
Common engineering solids usually have coefficients of thermal expansion that do not vary significantly over the range of temperatures where they are designed to be used , so where extremely high accuracy is not required , practical calculations can be based on a constant , average , value of the coefficient of expansion .	Common engineering solids usually have thermal expansion coefficients that do not vary significantly over the range of temperatures where they are designed to be used , so where extremely high accuracy is not required , calculations can be based on a constant , average , value of the coefficient of expansion .
Working at Hamilton College in Clinton , New York ( near Utica ) , he was a prolific discoverer of asteroids , discovering 48 of them , beginning with 72 Feronia in 1861 and ending with 287 Nephthys in 1889 .	Working at Hamilton College in Clinton , New York ( near Utica ) , he was a good finder of asteroids , finding 48 of them , beginning with 72 Feronia in 1861 and ending with 287 Nephthys in 1889 .
Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters ( September 19 , 1813 â `` July 18 , 1890 ) was a German-American astronomer , and one of the first to discover asteroids .	Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters ( September 19 , 1813 â `` July 18 , 1890 ) was a German-American astronomer , and one of the first to find asteroids .
He was involved in litigation in 1889 with his former assistant Charles A. Borst , and the `` Great Star-Catalog Case '' Peters v. Borst went before the Supreme Court of New York .	He was involved in litigation in 1889 with his old assistant Charles A. Borst , and the `` Great Star-Catalog Case '' Peters v. Borst went before the Supreme Court of New York .
Besides asteroids , he co-discovered the periodic comet 80P\/Peters-Hartley , and also discovered various nebulae and galaxies .	Besides asteroids , he co-found the periodic comet 80P\/Peters-Hartley , and also found different nebulae and galaxies .
One other Florida county also has a community named Live Oak , which is located in Washington County .	Live Oak is a city of Florida in the United States .
Elgin is a city in Comanche County , Oklahoma , United States .	Elgin is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .
NÅ `` ux-les-Mines is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .	NÅ `` ux-les-Mines is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .
Its capital lies at the town of Zoungou .	Its capital is situated at the town of Zoungou .
According to the 1996 census the department has a total population of 29,753 . .	According 1996 estimates , it has a population of 29,753 .
Zoungou is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in central-eastern Burkina Faso .	Zoungou is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in Burkina Faso .
A web directory or link directory is a directory on the World Wide Web .	A Web directory is a website .
The science dealing with reptiles is called herpetology .	The study of reptiles is called herpetology .
Saint-Denis-l Ã s-Bourg is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .	Saint-Denis-l Ã s-Bourg is a commune .
Bonzac is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .	Bonzac is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .
5212 m ) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas located between Nanda Devi and Nanda Kot peaks in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India .	5212 m. ) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas located in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India .
Bouligneux is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .	Bouligneux is a commune .
Mac OS X Tiger ( version 10.4 ) is the fifth major release of Mac OS X , Apple 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . Tiger was released to the public on 29 April 2005 for US$ 129.95 as the successor to Mac OS X Panther ( version 10.3 ) , which had been released 18 months earlier .	Mac OS X Tiger ( version 10.4 ) is the fifth major release of Apple 's Mac OS X. It was released on April 29 , 2005 .
The organizers are the Festival Fringe Society : they publish the program , sell tickets and offer advice to performers from the Fringe office on the Royal Mile .	The organisers are the Festival Fringe Society : they publish a program every year , sell tickets and give advice to performers from the Fringe office on the Royal Mile .
A chess club is a club formed for the purpose of playing the board game of chess .	A chess club is a place where people come to play chess .
Cesare Maldini ( born 5 February 1932 ) is an Italian football manager and former player .	Cesare Maldini ( born 5 February 1932 ) is a former Italian football player .

Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped , bzipped or lzmaed tar archives : one that holds the control information and another that contains the data .

Debian packages are standard Unix ar archives that include two gzipped or bzipped tar archives : one that holds the control information and another that contains the data .

Debian packages can be converted into other packages and vice versa using alien , and created from source code using CheckInstall or Debian Package Maker .

deb packages can be converted into other packages and vice versa using Alien .

The accepted program for handling these packages is dpkg , most commonly via other programs such as apt\/aptitude or Gdebi .

The canonical program for handling these packages is dpkg , most commonly via apt\/aptitude .

Most groups , such as the Association of Shareware Professionals , the Software Industry Professionals group and PC Shareware clearly state their position that any software marketed as ` try before you buy ' is shareware .

Shareware is a way to sell software .

Bouffignereux is a commune in the department of Aisne in Picardy in northern France .

Bouffignereux is a commune . It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France .

The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901 ; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry , Nobel Prize in Literature , Nobel Peace Prize , and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine .

The Nobel Prize in Physics is a Nobel Prize in the science of Physics .

The RF industry uses standard type-names for coaxial cables .

Today , coaxial cables are used for things like Cable TV . Coaxial cables can also be used for computer networks , but this is more rarely the case now , as twisted pair cables can be used there more easily .

Conformable cable is a flexible reformable alternative to semi-rigid coaxial cable used where flexibility is required . Conformable cable can be stripped and formed by hand withouth the need for specialist tools , similar to standard coaxial cable .

A Coaxial cable is a special electrical cable .

Digambara is one of the two main sects of Jainism , the other being Svetambar .

Digambar is one of the two main sects of Jainism , the other is Svetambar .

It was registered in 1993 as one of the first UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Japan .

It was registered as the first Japanese National Cultural Treasure by UNESCO World Heritage Site and a Japanese National Cultural Treasure in December , 1993 .

The castle is frequently known as HakurojÅ ( `` White Egret Castle '' ) or ShirasagijÅ ( `` White Heron Castle '' ) because of its brilliant white exterior and supposed resemblance to a bird taking flight .

It is sometimes known as HakurojÅ or ShirasagijÅ ( `` White Heron Castle '' ) because of its brilliant white exterior .

Along with Matsumoto Castle and Kumamoto Castle , it is considered one of Japan 's three premier castles .

Along with Matsumoto Castle and Kumamoto Castle , it is one of Japan 's `` Three Famous Castles '' , and is the most visited castle in Japan .

Himeji Castle is a hilltop Japanese castle complex located in Himeji in HyÅ go Prefecture .

Himeji Castle is a Japanese castle located in Himeji in HyÅ go Prefecture and which includes 83 buildings made of wood .

Fernandina Beach is a port city in Nassau County , Florida , on Amelia Island .

Fernandina Beach is the county seat of Nassau County , Florida in the United States .

Christoph Daum ( born 24 October 1953 in Zwickau ) is a German football coach .

Christoph Daum ( born 24 October 1953 ) is a former German football player .

With the exception of the Isles of Scilly , Cornwall is now governed by a unitary authority known as Cornwall Council which is based in Truro .

Truro is the capital of the Unitary Authority that has administered Cornwall since 2009 .

The Isles of Scilly form part of the ceremonial county of Cornwall and have , at times , been served by the same county administration .

The Scilly Isles are a group of islands south west of Cornwall and forming part of the county .

Cornwall 's Courts of Justice are also located in Truro .

Truro is also the only city and has the cathedral of the Diocese of Truro . The Duchy of Cornwall is an estate which belongs to the Prince of Wales ( who is also the Duke of Cornwall ) but only part of it is in Cornwall .

It is bordered to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean , to the south by the English Channel , and to the east by the county of Devon , over the River Tamar .

Cornwall is divided from Devon by the River Tamar .

In addition there are also groups and individuals , including the Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament , the Cornish Constitutional Convention , and John Angarrack , who reject the present constitutional status of Cornwall , denying the legality of Cornwall 's current administration as a county of England , and Cornwall 's relationship to the Duchy of Cornwall .

The Duchy of Cornwall is an estate which belongs to the Prince of Wales ( who is also the Duke of Cornwall ) but only part of it is in Cornwall .

As the world 's second largest manufacturer of pickup trucks , aided by punitive excise taxes on passenger cars , pickup trucks have long been extremely popular in Thailand : between 1987 and 1996 , 58 percent of all cars sold in the country were pickup trucks .

Pickup trucks have different shapes , sizes , and uses . Sometimes people would go ride in the back of the trucks to work .

Centric is sometimes used to describe music which is not traditionally tonal , but which nevertheless has a relatively strong tonal center .

Such music is tonal .

Articles and events specifically relating to the 18th century , which included the years 1701 to 1800 ( not 1700 to 1799 as is often erroneously claimed ) .

This category is for articles and events specifically related to the 18th century , which began in the year 1701 and ended in the year 1800 .

In sports , home is a term referring to both the city and stadium , arena , or field where an athletic team plays games at their venue , whilst when the team plays elsewhere then they are considered the away team .

In sports , home is a term meaning both the city and stadium , arena , or field where an athletic team plays games at their own venue .

Primarily because of its messianic promise , the book of Malachi is frequently referred to in the Christian New Testament . What follows is a brief comparison between the book of Malachi and the New Testament texts which refer to it ( as suggested in Hill 84-88 ) .

The Book of Malachi , is the last of the books of the Old Testament .

The 28th Infantry was redesignated as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .

The 28th Infantry was renamed as the 9th Infantry Division ( United States ) in 1954 and was replaced by the 8th Infantry Division in 1956 .

GÃ ppingen is a city in southern Germany , part of the Stuttgart Region of Baden-W Ã 1\/4 rttemberg .

GÃ ppingen is a town in Baden-W Ã 1\/4 rttemberg , Germany .

Cooke Barracks was returned to the German government in 1992 .

Cooke Barracks were given back to the German government in 1992 .

A disastrous fire on August 25 , 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .

A fire on August 25 1782 destroyed most of the town , but it was immediately rebuilt .

They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was redesignated as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .

They were then replaced by the 4th Armored Division in 1957 , which was renamed as the 1st Armored Division in 1971 and moved to Hindenburg Kaserne in Ansbach in 1972 .

From 1945 through 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the kaserne .

From 1945 to 1949 , displaced persons and refugees were housed in the buildings .

It is the capital of the district GÃ ppingen .

In 2005 there were 57,771 people living in GÃ ppingen .

In late 1950 , the 7th Army had been reactivated in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .

In late 1950 , the 7th Army had been reformed in Stuttgart and U.S. Army units began to be stationed at Cooke Barracks .

In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks in honor of Charles H. Cooke , Jr. who had been posthumously awarded the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for gallantry in action .

In 1949 , it was renamed Cooke Barracks , after Charles H. Cooke , Jr. , who been killed in action and given the Silver Star and Soldier 's Medal for bravery .

The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until they were deactivated in 1991 .

The 1st Infantry Division moved from Augsburg in 1972 until 1991 .

The importance of such industry is still seen in the town in the present day in companies such as MÃ rklin and Schuler .

Companies such as MÃ rklin and Schuler are still based in the town .

The barracks began to be expanded and was used as the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .

The barracks were made bigger for the 28th Infantry Division headquarters .

This was acquired by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and expanded into Fliegerhorst Kaserne .

This was taken over by the Luftwaffe in 1935 and was called the Fliegerhorst Kaserne ( barracks ) .

In 1930 , a civilian air field was built north of GÃ ppingen .

In 1930 , an air field was built north of GÃ ppingen .

Also , the joystick must be in the middle position at least once when the implicit `` self calibration '' takes place , even if not explicitly stated .

Also , the joystick must be in the middle position at least once when the implicit `` self calibration '' takes place , even if this is not directly stated .

The calibration procedure is still required at some phase , even under modern operating systems such as Windows XP .

The calibration procedure is still needed at some point , even under modern operating systems such as Windows XP .

The original game port design by IBM ( released in 1981 as a separate expansion card for the first IBM PC ) initially allowed four analog axes and four buttons on one port , allowing two joysticks or four paddles to be connected , although this required a special `` Y-splitter '' cable and is n't fully supported by some combined midi\/game ports usually found on sound cards .

The original game port design by IBM ( released in 1981 as a separate expansion card for the first IBM PC ) initially allowed four analog axes and four buttons on one port , allowing two joysticks or four paddles to be connected , although this required a special `` Y-splitter '' cable and is not fully supported by some combined midi\/game ports usually found on sound cards .

Its analog nature has also been the cause of many problems e.g. all kinds of joysticks needed `` calibration '' , even arcade-style ones since no game controller and no joystick produced the same measurements each time , but they were dependent on the exact way acquisition was made and even on the CPU 's speed in some rather poor designs .

One problem was that all kinds of joysticks needed `` calibration '' . This was true even for arcade-style ones .

In general , if only a purely directional input with no precise intensity information is required , an analog joystick can be `` self calibrated '' just by leaving the joystick in the middle position and taking a measurement , and then using some arbitrary or adaptive threshold to detect movement and excursion from the middle position .

It can not give an intensity . For this setup , an analog joystick can be `` self calibrated '' just by leaving the joystick in the middle position and taking a measurement , and then using some arbitrary or adaptive threshold to detect movement and excursion from the middle position .

Certain applications and games were ( and are ) , however , able to use some analog joysticks without explicit calibration , under certain restricted conditions .

Certain applications and games are able to use some analog joysticks even without explicit calibration , under certain restricted conditions .

USB joysticks do not require calibration , in general .

USB joysticks , on the other hand , do not need calibration .

Calibration usually requires moving the joystick around all of its axes to measure the maximum axis excursion values , regardless of whether the joystick uses analog signals ( from potentiometers ) or digital signals ( using microswitches or contacts ) .

Usually , it consists of moving the joystick around all of its axes to measure the maximum axis excursion values , no matter if the joystick uses analog signals ( from potentiometers ) or digital signals ( using microswitches or contacts ) .

Some poorly implemented game ports ( usually built-in on old motherboards and I\/O cards ) did n't fully support either 4 axes or 4 buttons , making only the use of a single 2-axis and 2-button joystick possible .

Some poorly implemented game ports ( usually built-in on old motherboards and I\/O cards ) did not fully support either 4 axes or 4 buttons , making only the use of a single 2-axis and 2-button joystick possible .

The typical implementation of a game port uses a capacitor and a simple voltage comparator , which together form a sort of crude ramp-compare ADC , which needs to be periodically polled and reset at precise moments to read an input , something that must be done several times ( generally above 30 ) per second to provide a responsive game input , and the actual acquisition frequency and value typically depend on the joystick 's internal resistance , noise , CPU speed and the total joystick-capacitor 's RC time constant .

This must be done more than 30 times every second to provide a responsive game input . The actual acquisition frequency and value usually depend on the joystick 's resistance inside , noise , CPU speed and the total joystick-capacitor 's RC time constant .

The 15-pin game port is pretty much non-existent on presently manufactured PCs , though adapters exist that allow older joysticks and controllers to connect via USB .

The 15-pin game port is no longer provided on presently manufactured PCs , though adapters exist that allow older joysticks and controllers to connect via USB .

In the days of DOS , each game using the game port ( s ) had to do its own calibration , often each time the game started , and some poorly coded calibration routines even failed to work consistently and properly , rendering some joysticks unusable with some games .

In the days of DOS , every game using the game port ( s ) had to do its own calibration , often each time the game started , and some poorly coded calibration routines even failed to work consistently and properly , rendering some joysticks unusable with some games .

With Windows XP , only one calibration per joystick is enough , which is assumed `` valid '' until a joystick is unplugged .

With Windows XP , only one calibration per joystick is enough , which is thought `` valid '' until the joystick is unplugged .

Some advanced game port joysticks supports more than 4 buttons ( e.g. 6 or 8 ) but typically require a special device driver for the additional buttons to work properly , since the game port does n't have actual hardware support for more than 4 distinct buttons .

Some advanced game port joysticks supports more than 4 buttons ( e.g. 6 or 8 ) but typically require a special device driver for the additional buttons to work properly , since the game port does not have actual hardware support for more than 4 distinct buttons .

Microsoft announced it would no longer include support for game ports in operating systems beginning with Windows XP Professional x64 edition , reasoning that USB-based gaming equipment had become more common .

Microsoft declared it would no longer include support for game ports in operating systems beginning with MS-Windows XP Professional x64 edition , reasoning that USB-based gaming equipment had become more common .

From 457 to 486 , under Aegidius and his son Syagrius , Noviodunum was the capital of the `` Kingdom of Soissons '' , until it fell to the Frankish king Clovis I in the Battle of Soissons .

Soissons was the capital of France into 486 , under the reign of Clovis .

PrÃ treville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .

PrÃ treville is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

There is usually a maximum of four or five links in a food chain , although food chains in aquatic ecosystems are frequently longer than those on land . Eventually , all the energy in a food chain is lost as heat .

When this happens , the food chain forms a food web .

A food web is a series of related food chains displaying the movement of energy and matter through an ecosystem .

A food web shows how food chains are related within an ecosystem .

The Province of Pesaro and Urbino is a province in the Marche region of Italy .

Pesaro and Urbino is a province in the region of Marche in Italy .

British Rail 18000 was a prototype mainline gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1949 by Brown , Boveri & Cie. It had , however , been ordered by the Great Western Railway in 1946 , but construction was delayed due to World War II .

British Rail 18000 was a prototype mainline Gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1949 by Brown , Boveri & Cie. It had , however , been ordered by the Great Western Railway in 1940 , but construction was delayed due to World War II .

Lieutenant-Colonel Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu KÃ ningen ( 29 October 1879 - 2 May 1969 ) was a German nobleman , Roman Catholic monarchist politician , General Staff officer , and diplomat , who served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler in 1933 -- 1934 .

Franz Joseph Hermann Michael Maria von Papen zu KÃ ningen ( 29 October 1879 - 2 May 1969 ) was a German nobleman , Catholic monarchist politician , General Staff officer , and diplomat , who served as Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and as Vice-Chancellor in 1933-1934 .

Vignats is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .

Vignats is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

The main character was based on General George Armstrong Custer .

The game is based on US General George Custer .

For others it refers to the churches of the first millennium , including , besides the Roman Catholic Church , the Eastern Orthodox Church , the Oriental Orthodox Church , and the Assyrian Church of the East .

In 1054 , the Great Church Orthodox and Catholic split into the Western ( Roman ) Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church .

It is a large scoria volcano with two craters , which last erupted about one million years ago .

It last erupted about 1 million years ago .

It is recorded that John Kelly built this house in 1859 when Ned was about five years old .

It is recorded that John Kelly built this house in about 1859 when Ned was about five years old .

The Primary School is a bluestone building where the Kelly family once went to church and Ned went to school .

The Primary School is a bluestone building once a church where the Kelly family prayed .

At the 2006 census , Beveridge and the surrounding area had a population of 1,192 .

In 2006 there were 1,192 people living in Beveridge and the local area .

From this location the explorers Hume and Hovell first saw Port Phillip on 14 December 1824 .

From this spot the explorers Hume and Hovell first saw Port Phillip Bay on 14 December 1824 .

Near Beveridge is Mount Fraser , an eroded extinct volcanic cone .

Near Beveridge is Mt Fraser , an extinct volcanic cone .

At Beveridge a cottage where the Kelly family lived for a short time is still standing today , located on Kelly Street .

A cottage where the Kelly family lived for a short time is still standing today , located on Kelly Street .

Located on a hillside , this Gothic-style building was built between 1857 and 1862 as both a Catholic church and a school .

Sitting on a hillside , this gothic style building was built between 1857 and 1862 .

A quarry now operates at the side of the hill and supplies most of Melbourne 's scoria .

A quarry now operates at the side of the hill .

The earliest drinking straws were hollow stems of grass , literally made of straw .

Drinking straws are usually made from plastic that is formed into a tube . To use a drinking straw , a person places the straw in a glass that contains a liquid and then sucks the straw with their mouth .

Laurac-en-Vivarais is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .

Laurac-en-Vivarais is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

Thermometers are another application of thermal expansion â '' most contain a liquid ( usually mercury or alcohol ) which is constrained to flow in only one direction ( along the tube ) due to changes in volume brought about by changes in temperature .

Thermometers are an example of an application of thermal expansion â `` they contain a liquid which is constrained to flow in only one direction ( along the tube ) due to changes in volume brought about by changes in temperature .

Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature .

In physics , thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature .

Materials which contract with increasing temperature are rare ; this effect is limited in size , and only occurs within limited temperature ranges .

Materials that contract with an increase in temperature are very uncommon ; this effect is limited in size , and only occurs within limited temperature ranges .

When a substance is heated , its particles begin moving more and thus usually maintain a greater average separation .

When a substance is heated , its constituent particles move around more quickly and by doing so generally maintain a greater average separation .

Common engineering solids usually have coefficients of thermal expansion that do not vary significantly over the range of temperatures where they are designed to be used , so where extremely high accuracy is not required , practical calculations can be based on a constant , average , value of the coefficient of expansion .

Common engineering solids usually have thermal expansion coefficients that do not vary significantly over the range of temperatures where they are designed to be used , so where extremely high accuracy is not required , calculations can be based on a constant , average , value of the coefficient of expansion .

Working at Hamilton College in Clinton , New York ( near Utica ) , he was a prolific discoverer of asteroids , discovering 48 of them , beginning with 72 Feronia in 1861 and ending with 287 Nephthys in 1889 .

Working at Hamilton College in Clinton , New York ( near Utica ) , he was a good finder of asteroids , finding 48 of them , beginning with 72 Feronia in 1861 and ending with 287 Nephthys in 1889 .

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters ( September 19 , 1813 â `` July 18 , 1890 ) was a German-American astronomer , and one of the first to discover asteroids .

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters ( September 19 , 1813 â `` July 18 , 1890 ) was a German-American astronomer , and one of the first to find asteroids .

He was involved in litigation in 1889 with his former assistant Charles A. Borst , and the `` Great Star-Catalog Case '' Peters v. Borst went before the Supreme Court of New York .

He was involved in litigation in 1889 with his old assistant Charles A. Borst , and the `` Great Star-Catalog Case '' Peters v. Borst went before the Supreme Court of New York .

Besides asteroids , he co-discovered the periodic comet 80P\/Peters-Hartley , and also discovered various nebulae and galaxies .

Besides asteroids , he co-found the periodic comet 80P\/Peters-Hartley , and also found different nebulae and galaxies .

One other Florida county also has a community named Live Oak , which is located in Washington County .

Live Oak is a city of Florida in the United States .

Elgin is a city in Comanche County , Oklahoma , United States .

Elgin is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .

NÅ `` ux-les-Mines is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .

NÅ `` ux-les-Mines is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

Its capital lies at the town of Zoungou .

Its capital is situated at the town of Zoungou .

According to the 1996 census the department has a total population of 29,753 . .

According 1996 estimates , it has a population of 29,753 .

Zoungou is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in central-eastern Burkina Faso .

Zoungou is a department or commune of Ganzourgou Province in Burkina Faso .

A web directory or link directory is a directory on the World Wide Web .

A Web directory is a website .

The science dealing with reptiles is called herpetology .

The study of reptiles is called herpetology .

Saint-Denis-l Ã s-Bourg is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .

Saint-Denis-l Ã s-Bourg is a commune .

Bonzac is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France .

Bonzac is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .

5212 m ) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas located between Nanda Devi and Nanda Kot peaks in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India .

5212 m. ) is a mountain pass through the Himalayas located in the Uttarakhand state in the districts of Pithoragarh and Bageshwar in India .

Bouligneux is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France .

Bouligneux is a commune .

Mac OS X Tiger ( version 10.4 ) is the fifth major release of Mac OS X , Apple 's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers . Tiger was released to the public on 29 April 2005 for US$ 129.95 as the successor to Mac OS X Panther ( version 10.3 ) , which had been released 18 months earlier .

Mac OS X Tiger ( version 10.4 ) is the fifth major release of Apple 's Mac OS X. It was released on April 29 , 2005 .

The organizers are the Festival Fringe Society : they publish the program , sell tickets and offer advice to performers from the Fringe office on the Royal Mile .

The organisers are the Festival Fringe Society : they publish a program every year , sell tickets and give advice to performers from the Fringe office on the Royal Mile .

A chess club is a club formed for the purpose of playing the board game of chess .

A chess club is a place where people come to play chess .

Cesare Maldini ( born 5 February 1932 ) is an Italian football manager and former player .

Cesare Maldini ( born 5 February 1932 ) is a former Italian football player .