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Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Hubbell was originally signed by the Detroit Tigers and was invited to spring training in 1926."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Hubbell was sent to the Toronto Maple Leafs in the International League before the start of the season."
}
] |
DYTZGPHNunooZZcSbiHK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Owen Hubbell (June 22, 1903 – November 21, 1988), nicknamed \"The Meal Ticket\" and \"King Carl\", was an American Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Hubbell would go 10–6 in his first major league season and would pitch his entire career for the Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He led the league in innings pitched in 1933 (308)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He compiled a streak of 461⁄3 scoreless innings and four shutouts in 1933."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He led the league in strikeouts per 9 innings pitched in 1938 (5.23)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Hubbell finished his career with a 253–154 record, 1677 strikeouts, 724 walks, 36 shutouts and a 2.98 ERA, in 35901⁄3 innings pitched."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He pitched an 18-inning shutout against the St. Louis Cardinals (1–0, July 2, 1933)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "no bigger than a dime\". Hubbell was released at the end of the 1943 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Hubbell was originally signed by the Detroit Tigers and was invited to spring training in 1926."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "In the 1933 Series, he won two complete game victories, including an 11-inning 2–1 triumph in Game Four (the run was unearned)."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Hubbell was sent to the Toronto Maple Leafs in the International League before the start of the season."
}
] |
In his first season in the league, Carl Owen Hubbell was traded to the Tigers.
| 0 | 3 |
Carl Hubbell
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the son of immigrant farmers Frank and Margaret Klein."
}
] |
DYVsDhlEDLRKutn5JNF4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The Phillies purchased Klein's contract for a sum of $5,000 (equivalent to $74,448 in 2019) and in the process outbid the New York Yankees for Klein's services."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Within a year, he worked his way up to the Cardinals' farm team in Fort Wayne, which played in the Class B Central League (roughly equivalent to today's Double-A)."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Peak years",
"text": "Early in the 1930 season before their season debut with the Giants, New York press acknowledged that Klein's home run record was tainted, because of what happened with Ott in the last game the previous season. \" He calls me the pop fly home run champ.\" Klein said in referring to Ott. \" Say, I can hit a ball farther with one hand than that little runt can with two."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the son of immigrant farmers Frank and Margaret Klein."
}
] |
Chuck Klein' s parents were into farming.
| 2 | 6 |
Chuck Klein
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Controversies, Revolver and final tour",
"text": "In 2003, Rolling Stone ranked Revolver as the third greatest album of all time."
}
] |
DYaZWV01HYAtiIzAJqd9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Controversies, Revolver and final tour",
"text": "In 2003, Rolling Stone ranked Revolver as the third greatest album of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | India retreat, Apple Corps and the White Album",
"text": "Pepper had. General critical opinion eventually turned in favour of the White Album, and in 2003, Rolling Stone ranked it as the tenth greatest album of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "In 2003, Rolling Stone ranked Rubber Soul fifth among \"The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time\", and AllMusic's Richie Unterberger describes it as \"one of the classic folk-rock records\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band",
"text": "In 2003, Rolling Stone ranked Sgt."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked the Beatles as the most significant and influential rock music artists of the last 50 years."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band",
"text": "Pepper foremost on its list of the greatest albums of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Controversies, Revolver and final tour",
"text": "Thousands of copies of the LP had a new cover pasted over the original; an unpeeled \"first-state\" copy fetched $10,500 at a December 2005 auction."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "They ranked number one on Billboard magazine's list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, released in 2008 to celebrate the US singles chart's 50th anniversary."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | First visit to the United States and the British Invasion",
"text": "The Beatles' success in the US opened the door for a successive string of British beat groups and pop acts such as the Dave Clark Five, the Animals, Petula Clark, the Kinks, and the Rolling Stones to achieve success in America."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 2010s",
"text": "In 2010, the official canon of thirteen Beatles studio albums, Past Masters, and the \"Red\" and \"Blue\" greatest-hits albums were made available on iTunes."
}
] |
In 2005, Rolling Stone ranked Revolver as the 3rd greatest album of all time.
| 2 | 6 |
The Beatles
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ronald Edward Santo (February 25, 1940 – December 3, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman who played for the Chicago Cubs from 1960 through 1973 and the Chicago White Sox in 1974."
}
] |
DZFrr8RD0kgeY2Uh4ZcV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973)",
"text": "In 1969, Santo and the Cubs were in first place in the National League East for 180 days, before going 8–17 in their final 25 games, while the New York \"Miracle\" Mets went 37–11 in their final 48 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973) | Heel click",
"text": "When the Cubs began their September swoon, which took place shortly after Santo called out rookie teammate Don Young in public after a loss against the Mets in New York, he discontinued the heel click routine suddenly."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973) | Trade veto",
"text": "Santo didn't want to play on the West Coast and vetoed the deal."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Broadcast career",
"text": "As excitable as Santo was when a great play for the Cubs occurred, he was equally as vocal in his displeasure when events turned against the Cubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Broadcast career",
"text": "He worked with play-by-play announcer Pat Hughes, and these radio broadcasts were also known as the Pat and Ron Show."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago White Sox (1974)",
"text": "He wanted to play in the field, but White Sox manager Chuck Tanner would not bench Melton and unsuccessfully tried Santo at second base."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In the early years of his playing career, he carefully concealed the fact that he had type 1 diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Santo broke Eddie Mathews' NL record of 369 career double plays at third base in 1972, and in 1973 he broke Mathews' league records of 4,284 assists and 6,606 total chances."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Death",
"text": "The statue is a portrayal of a young Santo playing defense at third base, leaning to his right while throwing a ball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs (1960–1973)",
"text": "In 1961 he set a Cubs record with 41 double plays at third base, breaking the previous mark of 33 set by Bernie Friberg in 1923."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ronald Edward Santo (February 25, 1940 – December 3, 2010) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman who played for the Chicago Cubs from 1960 through 1973 and the Chicago White Sox in 1974."
}
] |
Santo played for the New York Yankees his whole career.
| 1 | 4 |
Ron Santo
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "After the death of Queen Elizabeth in 1603, the company was awarded a royal patent by the new King James I, and changed its name to the King's Men."
}
] |
DZcUZXHWMP3oCQbeIN3S
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "In 1608, the partnership also took over the Blackfriars indoor theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Shakespeare's influence extends far beyond his native England and the English language."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Some 20th-century scholars suggested that Shakespeare may have been employed as a schoolmaster by Alexander Hoghton of Lancashire, a Catholic landowner who named a certain \"William Shakeshafte\" in his will."
},
{
"section_header": "Speculation about Shakespeare | Authorship",
"text": "Several \"group theories\" have also been proposed."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "In 1599, a partnership of members of the company built their own theatre on the south bank of the River Thames, which they named the Globe."
},
{
"section_header": "Speculation about Shakespeare | Religion",
"text": "Shakespeare's will uses a Protestant formula, and he was a confirmed member of the Church of England, where he was married, his children were baptised, and where he is buried."
},
{
"section_header": "Speculation about Shakespeare | Religion",
"text": "Some scholars claim that members of Shakespeare's family were Catholics, at a time when practising Catholicism in England was against the law."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "After the death of Queen Elizabeth in 1603, the company was awarded a royal patent by the new King James I, and changed its name to the King's Men."
},
{
"section_header": "Plays | Textual sources",
"text": "The differences may stem from copying or printing errors, from notes by actors or audience members, or from Shakespeare's own papers."
},
{
"section_header": "Plays",
"text": "In Macbeth, the shortest and most compressed of Shakespeare's tragedies, uncontrollable ambition incites Macbeth and his wife, Lady Macbeth, to murder the rightful king and usurp the throne until their own guilt destroys them in turn."
}
] |
William Shakespeare's theatre group had a different name after the new ruler of England took the throne.
| 0 | 0 |
William Shakespeare
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Charles, nicknamed \"Martel\", or \"Charles the Hammer\", in later chronicles, was the son of Pepin of Herstal and his second wife Alpaida."
}
] |
DaovMUFqzHzuW9f6uLsZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Vinchy",
"text": "Willibrord subsequently baptized Martel's son Pepin."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "At the beginning of Charles Martel's career, he had many internal opponents and felt the need to appoint his own kingly claimant, Chlotar IV."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Order of the Genet",
"text": "They hold that among the spoils Charles Martel's forces captured after the Battle of Tours were many genets (raised for their fur) and several of their pelts."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Amblève",
"text": "Many of the enemy fled and Martel's troops gathered the spoils of the camp."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Amblève",
"text": "Martel's reputation increased considerably as a result, and he attracted more followers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and historiography",
"text": "According to British medieval historian Paul Fouracre, this was \"the single most important text in the construction of Charles Martel's reputation as a seculariser or despoiler of church lands\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Vinchy",
"text": "The refusal was not unexpected but served to impress upon Martel's forces the unreasonableness of the Neustrians."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Vinchy",
"text": "Richard Gerberding points out that up to this time, much of Martel's support was probably from his mother's kindred in the lands around Liege."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and historiography",
"text": "Indeed, as Charles was the progenitor of the Carolingian line of Frankish rulers and grandfather of Charlemagne, one can even say with a degree of certainty that the subsequent history of the West would have proceeded along vastly different currents had ‘Abd al-Rahman been victorious at Tours-Poitiers in 732.\" Other recent historians however argue that the importance of the battle is dramatically overstated, both for European history in general and for Charles Martel's reign in particular."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Charles, nicknamed \"Martel\", or \"Charles the Hammer\", in later chronicles, was the son of Pepin of Herstal and his second wife Alpaida."
}
] |
Charles Martel's pseudonym was "The Hammer."
| 0 | 2 |
Charles Martel
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A simple hunting lodging and later a small château with a moat occupied the site until 1661, when the first work expanding the château into a palace was carried out for Louis XIV."
}
] |
DarLtxFIerL2ocnnoLku
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | The hunting lodge and château of Louis XIII",
"text": "The site of the Palace was first occupied by a small village and church, surrounded by forests filled with abundant game."
},
{
"section_header": "Cost",
"text": "Clearly, the silver furniture alone represented a significant outlay in the finances of Versailles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1682, when the palace had become large enough, the king moved the entire royal court and the French government to Versailles."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Louis XVI, and the Palace during the Revolution",
"text": "The furnishings and art of the Palace, including the furniture, mirrors, baths and kitchen equipment, were sold in seventeen thousand lots."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "Consequently, because furniture with a royal provenance – and especially furniture that was made for Versailles – is a highly sought after commodity on the international market, the museum has spent considerable funds on retrieving much of the palace's original furnishings."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and plan",
"text": "The palace was largely completed by the death of Louis XIV in 1715."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Enlargement of the Palace (1678–1715)",
"text": "He also replaced Le Vau's large terrace, facing the garden on the west, with what became the most famous room of the palace, the Hall of Mirrors."
},
{
"section_header": "Gardens and fountains | The Parterre d'Eau and the Parterre and Fountain of Latona",
"text": "The features closest to the Palace are the two water parterres, large pools which reflect the facade of the palace."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some of the palace furniture at this time was constructed of solid silver, but in 1689 much of it was melted down to pay for the cost of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Gardens and fountains | The Fountains and the Shortage of Water",
"text": "For everyone else, water was carried by a small army of water carriers to the upper floors, filling copper tanks in the private appartements of the courtiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A simple hunting lodging and later a small château with a moat occupied the site until 1661, when the first work expanding the château into a palace was carried out for Louis XIV."
}
] |
The Palace of Versailles had always been large and filled with extravagant furniture.
| 0 | 0 |
Palace of Versailles
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb."
}
] |
DbBtGNROJBR3RXEtIwp9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bee Gees were a music group formed in 1958."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–present: Looking back at a lifetime of music",
"text": "Also in 2016, Capitol Records signed a new distribution deal with Barry and the estates of his brothers for the Bee Gees catalog, bringing their music back to Universal."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–present: Looking back at a lifetime of music",
"text": "In September and October 2013, Barry performed his first solo tour \"in honour of his brothers and a lifetime of music\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1955–1966: Music origins, Bee Gees formation and popularity in Australia",
"text": "The young brothers began performing to raise pocket money."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1955–1966: Music origins, Bee Gees formation and popularity in Australia",
"text": "The name was not specifically a reference to \"Brothers Gibb\", despite popular belief."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1955–1966: Music origins, Bee Gees formation and popularity in Australia",
"text": "The group later acknowledged that this enabled them to greatly improve their skills as recording artists."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1955–1966: Music origins, Bee Gees formation and popularity in Australia",
"text": "Just prior to his death, Robin Gibb recorded the song \"Sydney,\" about the brothers' experience of living in that city."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1955–1966: Music origins, Bee Gees formation and popularity in Australia",
"text": "The brothers had to sing live and received such a positive response from the audience that they decided to pursue a singing career."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Songwriting",
"text": "It is a loss to the music industry and a loss of an iconic group."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1967–1969: International fame and touring years | Bee Gees' 1st, Horizontal and Idea",
"text": "Melouney did achieve one feat while with the Bee Gees: his composition \"Such a Shame\" (from Idea) is the only song on any Bee Gees album not written by a Gibb brother."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their lineup consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb."
}
] |
The Bee Gees were a musical group of brothers.
| 0 | 0 |
Bee Gees
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "When principal photography began in August 1979 the original intention was for a 15- to 16-week shoot, but it ultimately took one year."
}
] |
Dbc0263w5364zu9zMxdo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Paramount stated that the final cost of the film was $32 million, which would be the rough equivalent of around $80 million today."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming took place in five different countries and at various points the crew had to wait for snow to fall in Helsinki (and other parts of Finland), which stood in for the Soviet Union, and for rain to stop in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Beatty still had problems with it and he and Griffiths spent four and a half months fixing it."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "When principal photography began in August 1979 the original intention was for a 15- to 16-week shoot, but it ultimately took one year."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "But Nicholson was committed to the role and appeared at the start of filming four months later having lost the weight he had gained and looking much younger."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Peter Biskind wrote about the making of Reds, \"Beatty's relationship with Keaton barely survived the shoot."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Reds is a 1981 American epic historical drama film co-written, produced, and directed by Warren Beatty."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Reds came in ninth in the epic genre."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Released on December 4, 1981, Reds opened to critical acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Reed becomes involved in labor strikes with the \"Reds\" of the Communist Labor Party of America."
}
] |
It took around twelve months to film Reds.
| 2 | 4 |
Reds (film)
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Through 1977, the amendment received 35 of the necessary 38 state ratifications."
}
] |
DcA4ejscOp4PtWK6MRyK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "10.The \"New ERA\" introduced in 2013, sponsored by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney, adds an additional sentence to the original text: \"Women shall have equal rights in the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction.\" Twenty-five states have adopted constitutions or constitutional amendments providing that equal rights under the law shall not be denied because of sex."
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "Since equality in the enjoyment of natural and civil rights is only made sure through political equality, the laws of this state affecting the political rights and privileges of its citizens shall be without distinction of race, color, sex, or any circumstance or condition whatsoever other than the individual incompetency or unworthiness duly ascertained by a court of competent jurisdiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawsuits regarding ratification | Alabama lawsuit to opposing ratification",
"text": "Because thirty-eight states failed to ratify the amendment by March 31, 1979"
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "Some equal rights amendments and original constitutional equal rights provisions are: Alaska: No person is to be denied the enjoyment of any civil or political right because of race, color, creed, sex or national origin."
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "Several states crafted and adopted their own equal rights amendments during the 1970s and 1980s, while the ERA was before the states, or afterward."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Through 1977, the amendment received 35 of the necessary 38 state ratifications."
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "The 1879 Constitution of California contains the earliest state equal rights provision on record."
},
{
"section_header": "Opposition to the ERA",
"text": "\" When Schlafly began her campaign in 1972, public polls showed support for the amendment was widely popular and thirty states had ratified the amendment by 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "Wyoming: In their inherent right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, all members of the human race are equal."
},
{
"section_header": "State equal rights amendments",
"text": "Narrowly written, it limits the equal rights conferred to \"entering or pursuing a business, profession, vocation, or employment\"."
}
] |
The Equal Rights Amendment has gone through thirty five ratification.
| 1 | 3 |
Equal Rights Amendment
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Formation",
"text": "The group was led by Jiang Qing, and consisted of three of her close associates, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen."
}
] |
DcUNXRImJCbNm7f8J4er
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "\"New Gang of Four\"",
"text": "This group had little in common with the original Gang of Four and whether the new \"Gang\" truly had a coherent set of shared political interests was not clear."
},
{
"section_header": "Role",
"text": "The removal of this group from power is sometimes considered to have marked the end of the Cultural Revolution, which had been launched by Mao in 1966 as part of his power struggle with leaders such as Liu Shaoqi, Deng Xiaoping and Peng Zhen."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "In 1981, the four deposed leaders were subjected to a show trial and convicted of anti-party activities."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "The reformist Deng was named acting premier, while the Gang of Four began using their newspapers to criticize Deng and to mobilize their urban militia groups."
},
{
"section_header": "\"New Gang of Four\"",
"text": "In the Xi Jinping era, some commentators and political observers dubbed the loose political grouping of former security chief Zhou Yongkang, former Central Military Commission vice-chairman Xu Caihou, former Chongqing party chief Bo Xilai, and former General Office chief Ling Jihua as the \"New Gang of Four\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was organized by the new leader, Premier Hua Guofeng, and others who had risen during that period."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation",
"text": "Most Western accounts consider that the actual leadership of the Cultural Revolution consisted of a wider group, referring predominantly to the members of the Central Cultural Revolution Group."
},
{
"section_header": "\"Little Gang of Four\"",
"text": "In 1980, they were charged with \"grave errors\" in the struggle against the Gang of Four and demoted from the Political Bureau to mere Central Committee membership."
},
{
"section_header": "Role",
"text": "Zhang, Yao and Wang were party leaders in Shanghai who had played leading roles in securing that city for Mao during the Cultural Revolution."
},
{
"section_header": "Downfall",
"text": "The radicals hoped that the key military leaders Wang Dongxing and Chen Xilian would support them, but it seems that Hua won the Army over to his side."
},
{
"section_header": "Formation",
"text": "The group was led by Jiang Qing, and consisted of three of her close associates, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen."
}
] |
The leader of the group, Gang of Four was a male farmer.
| 2 | 6 |
Gang of Four
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, which entombs his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal."
}
] |
DccCwadluLYkx7MzZKHA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contributions to architecture",
"text": "Shah Jahan left behind a grand legacy of structures constructed during his reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to architecture",
"text": "Among his other constructions are the Red Fort also called the Delhi Fort or Lal Qila in Urdu, large sections of Agra Fort, the Jama Masjid, the Wazir Khan Mosque, the Moti Masjid, the Shalimar Gardens, sections of the Lahore Fort, the Mahabat Khan Mosque in Peshawar, the Mini Qutub Minar in Hastsal, the Jahangir mausoleum—his father's tomb, the construction of which was overseen by his stepmother Nur Jahan and the Shahjahan Mosque."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages",
"text": "Her body was temporarily buried in a walled pleasure garden known as Zainabad, originally constructed by Shah Jahan's uncle Prince Daniyal along the Tapti River."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Aurangzeb, the third son, gathered a well-trained army and became its chief commander."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to architecture",
"text": "The mosque has overall 93 domes and it is the world's largest mosque having such a number of domes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His rule saw many grand building projects, including the Red Fort and the Shah Jahan Mosque."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to architecture",
"text": "Its structure was drawn with great care and architects from all over the world were called for this purpose."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to architecture",
"text": "The Shah Jahan Mosque in Thatta, Sindh province of Pakistan (100 km / 60 miles from Karachi) was built during the reign of Shah Jahan in 1647."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (1628–1658) | Ministers",
"text": "Shah Jahan's treasurer was Sheikh Farid, who founded the city of Faridabad."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, which entombs his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal."
}
] |
Shah Jahan's most well known structure is the Khan Mosque.
| 0 | 5 |
Shah Jahan
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Though Costaguana is a fictional nation, its geography as described in the book resembles real-life Colombia."
}
] |
Dcm2Br4NnzcXNEE0xFct
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "References in other works",
"text": "Many of the place names are borrowed from Conrad's novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Nostromo's real name is Giovanni Battista Fidanza—Fidanza meaning \"trust\" in archaic Italian."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Though Costaguana is a fictional nation, its geography as described in the book resembles real-life Colombia."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In his \"Author’s Note\" to later editions of Nostromo, Joseph Conrad provides a detailed explanation of the inspirational origins of his novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nostromo: A Tale of the Seaboard is a 1904 novel by Joseph Conrad, set in the fictitious South American republic of \"Costaguana\"."
},
{
"section_header": "References in other works",
"text": "Colombian writer Juan Gabriel Vásquez's novel The Secret History of Costaguana (2007) narrates the secession of Panamá from Colombia as the background story that (in this fictional work) served as Conrad's inspiration for Nostromo."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "It is frequently regarded as amongst the best of Conrad's long fiction; F. Scott Fitzgerald once said, \"I'd rather have written Nostromo than any other novel.\" Conrad set his novel in the town of Sulaco, an imaginary port in the western region of the imaginary country Costaguana."
},
{
"section_header": "References in other works",
"text": "Andrew Greeley's novel Virgin and Martyr (1985) has much of the story set in the fictional country of Costaguana."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Costaguana’s first civilian head of state, who takes over after the overthrow of the tyrannical Guzman Bento; a member of the landed aristocracy; corpulent to the point of infirmity; highly respected abroad and full of good intentions, and many of the characters, including Charles Gould, place their hopes in his ability to bring democracy and stability to Costaguana"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Accompanied by the young journalist Martin Decoud, Nostromo sets off to smuggle the silver out of Sulaco."
}
] |
The place setting for the novel Nostromo is not real, but it was inspired by a real place.
| 0 | 0 |
Nostromo
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Music | Musical style",
"text": "His interest and background in folk music had special resonance for Danes, and this was intensified during the nationalistic movements of the 1930s and during World War II, when singing was an important basis for the Danes to distinguish themselves from their German enemies."
}
] |
Dcm7pwlidCjCnSTQmCLP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music | Musical style",
"text": "The Danish sociologist Benedikte Brincker observes that the perception of Nielsen and his music in his home country is rather different from his international appreciation."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The recording helped Nielsen's music to achieve appreciation beyond his home country and is considered one of the finest recorded accounts of the symphony."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Musical style",
"text": "Thus while outside Denmark Nielsen is largely thought of as the composer of orchestral music and the opera Maskarade, in his own country he is more of a national symbol."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Musical style",
"text": "There is debate as to how much such elements owe to his folk music activities."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In his home country, the Carl Nielsen Museum, in Odense, is dedicated to Nielsen and his wife, Anne Marie."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Symphonies",
"text": "Performed by the Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Erik Tuxen at the 1950 Edinburgh International Festival, it caused a sensation, sparking interest in Nielsen's music outside Scandinavia."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Among his most successful pupils were the composers Thorvald Aagaard, remembered in particular for his songs, Harald Agersnap, both a conductor and orchestral composer, and Jørgen Bentzon who composed choral and chamber music mainly for his folk music school (Københavns Folkemusikskole)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He died from a heart attack six years later, and is buried in Vestre Cemetery, Copenhagen. Nielsen maintained the reputation of a musical outsider during his lifetime, both in his own country and internationally."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Songs and hymns",
"text": "The book contained about 600 melodies, of which about 200 were composed by the editors, and was intended to provide a repertoire for communal singing, an integral part of Danish folk culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In particular, he compliments Alan Gilbert on his understanding and interpretations of the Nielsen symphonies."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Musical style",
"text": "His interest and background in folk music had special resonance for Danes, and this was intensified during the nationalistic movements of the 1930s and during World War II, when singing was an important basis for the Danes to distinguish themselves from their German enemies."
}
] |
Nielsen was a composer that had a particular interest in Danish folk music and as such had a huge following in his home country but not the same appreciation outside of it.
| 3 | 6 |
Carl Nielsen
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "As now known, these groups have no relation to molluscs, and very little to one another, so the name Molluscoida has been abandoned."
}
] |
DcytCrY4HVyqYgnQVL30
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda."
},
{
"section_header": "Classification",
"text": "Tentaculita may also be in Mollusca (see Tentaculites)."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Phylogeny",
"text": "In fact, some groups traditionally classified as molluscs may have to be redefined as distinct but related."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Fossil record",
"text": "Authors who suggest they deserve their own phylum do not comment on the position of this phylum in the tree of life."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Phylogeny",
"text": "However, an analysis in 2009 using both morphological and molecular phylogenetics comparisons concluded the molluscs are not monophyletic; in particular, Scaphopoda and Bivalvia are both separate, monophyletic lineages unrelated to the remaining molluscan classes; the traditional phylum Mollusca is polyphyletic, and it can only be made monophyletic if scaphopods and bivalves are excluded."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "Molluscs have more varied forms than any other animal phylum."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "As now known, these groups have no relation to molluscs, and very little to one another, so the name Molluscoida has been abandoned."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Phylogeny",
"text": "In addition to the debates about whether Kimberella and any of the \"halwaxiids\" were molluscs or closely related to molluscs, debates arise about the relationships between the classes of living molluscs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molluscs are the largest marine phylum, comprising about 23% of all the named marine organisms."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "Molluscs are second only to arthropods in numbers of living animal species — far behind the arthropods' 1,113,000 but well ahead of chordates' 52,000."
}
] |
A mollusca is the second biggest phylum and is related to molluscs.
| 3 | 5 |
Mollusca
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
}
] |
Dd8vVoapVGVM34s1CsFU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam subsequently crafted a melody for the poem that was translated into English by John Sullivan Dwight (1813 - 1893), a Boston music teacher and music journalist, as well as co-founder of The Harvard Music Society."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "List of operas by Adolphe Adam"
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "List of ballets by Adolphe Adam."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam is buried in Montmartre Cemetery in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adam was a noted teacher, who taught Delibes and other influential composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam is probably best remembered for the ballet Giselle (1841)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Jean-Louis Adam was a pianist and teacher but was firmly set against the idea of his son's following in his footsteps."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam was able to travel through Europe with the money he made and he met Eugène Scribe, with whom he later collaborated, in Geneva."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "When Adam was 17, his father relented and he was permitted to study at the Paris Conservatoire, but only after he promised that he would learn music only as an amusement, not as a career."
}
] |
Adam grew up in Boston.
| 0 | 3 |
Adolphe Adam
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Kaufer said the original idea wasn't a user generated social media site to swap reviews, \"We started as a site where we were focused more on those official words from guidebooks or newspapers or magazines."
}
] |
DdOae4j0mEsgQIL9jLZG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tripadvisor, Inc. is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content, a comparison shopping website, and offers online hotel reservations as well as bookings for transportation, lodging, travel experiences, and restaurants."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Kaufer said the original idea wasn't a user generated social media site to swap reviews, \"We started as a site where we were focused more on those official words from guidebooks or newspapers or magazines."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In September 2010, SmarterTravel, part of TripAdvisor Media Group, launched SniqueAway (now Jetsetter), the first members-only site where each travel deal is endorsed by member reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In May 2007, the company acquired Smarter Travel Media, operator of SmarterTravel.com, BookingBuddy.com, SeatGuru.com, TravelPod.com, and Travel-Library.com."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In August 2016, Tripadvisor acquired New York City startup Citymaps.com, which developed a social mapping site and cross-platform map engine based on OpenStreetMap data."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In July 2008, the company acquired Virtualtourist, a travel website with reportedly about one million registered members and OneTime.com, a travel comparison site."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In February 2008, the company acquired Holiday Watchdog, user-generated travel site in the U.K.In April 2008, the company acquired Airfarewatchdog."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Criticism of reviews",
"text": "In September 2011, after receiving a complaint submitted by online investigations company KwikChex, the UK Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) launched a formal investigation into TripAdvisor's claims to provide trustworthy and honest reviews from travelers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In October 2009, the company acquired Kuxun.cn, China's second-largest consumer travel site and hotel and flight search engine."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Criticism of reviews",
"text": "The court ruled that TripAdvisor's terms of use constituted a contract, which was actionable/enforceable by the business being reviewed."
}
] |
Tripadvisor, an American online travel company, was not intended to be a social media site.
| 2 | 2 |
TripAdvisor
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Over his 22-year career, he played for six teams: the San Diego Padres, New York Yankees, California Angels, Toronto Blue Jays, Minnesota Twins, and Cleveland Indians."
}
] |
DdiwdO3PFOYTl6i9YtN3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Youth and amateur career",
"text": "During the 1972 season, he also was involved in a brawl when Minnesota played Ohio State."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media",
"text": "During the 1994-95 MLB strike, Winfield and a handful of other striking players appeared as themselves in the November 27, 1994 episode of Married With Children (Season 9, Episode 11)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees: 1981–1990",
"text": "On August 4, 1983, Winfield killed a seagull by throwing a ball while warming up before the fifth inning of a game at Toronto's Exhibition Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees: 1981–1990",
"text": "From 1981 through 1984, Winfield was the most effective run producer in MLB."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Over his 22-year career, he played for six teams: the San Diego Padres, New York Yankees, California Angels, Toronto Blue Jays, Minnesota Twins, and Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Youth and amateur career",
"text": "Following college, Winfield was drafted by four teams in three different sports."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | 1992: World Series champion Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "He batted .290 with 26 home runs and 108 RBI during the 1992 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | 1990–1991: California Angels",
"text": "Winfield was traded for Mike Witt during the 1990 season and won the Sporting News Comeback Player of the Year Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees: 1981–1990",
"text": "Winfield did not let Steinbrenner's antics affect his play."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Life since retirement",
"text": "In 1996, Winfield joined the new Major League Baseball on Fox program as studio analyst for their Saturday MLB coverage."
}
] |
Winfield played for 1 team during his career in MLB.
| 0 | 0 |
Dave Winfield
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April [O.S. 3 April] 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and as chairman of the Council of Ministers (or premier) from 1958 to 1964."
}
] |
De6HdK1KLVRIujaGQl4G
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Leader (1953–1964) | Foreign and defense policies | United States and allies | U-2 and Berlin crisis (1960–1961)",
"text": "That treaty would not be signed until September 1990, as an immediate prelude to German reunification."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Stalin's final years",
"text": "Khrushchev feared that Stalin would remove him from office, but the leader mocked Khrushchev, then allowed the episode to pass."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "With the only way into the churchyard through the church, he had the coffin lifted and passed over the fence into the burial ground, shocking the village."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Return to Ukraine",
"text": "Rather than agricultural workers living in villages close to farms, they would live further away in larger towns which would offer municipal services such as utilities and libraries, which were not present in villages."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Struggle for control",
"text": "Khrushchev's influence continued to increase, winning the allegiance of local party heads, and with his nominee heading the KGB.At a Central Committee meeting in January 1955, Malenkov was accused of involvement in atrocities, and the committee passed a resolution accusing him of involvement in the Leningrad case, and of facilitating Beria's climb to power."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Return to Ukraine",
"text": "Khrushchev did what he could to assist his hometown."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Struggle for control",
"text": "The major beneficiary was Khrushchev."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader (1953–1964) | Foreign and defense policies | United States and allies | Early relations and U.S. visit (1957–1960)",
"text": "Khrushchev, however, repeatedly extended the deadline."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader (1953–1964) | Foreign and defense policies | United States and allies | U-2 and Berlin crisis (1960–1961)",
"text": "This was not enough for Khrushchev, who left the summit."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader (1953–1964) | Foreign and defense policies | United States and allies | U-2 and Berlin crisis (1960–1961)",
"text": "This behavior by Khrushchev scandalized his delegation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April [O.S. 3 April] 1894 – 11 September 1971) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War as the first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and as chairman of the Council of Ministers (or premier) from 1958 to 1964."
}
] |
Khrushchev passed away in 1990.
| 0 | 0 |
Nikita Khrushchev
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Facing directly from West to East, it stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt."
}
] |
DemvzqhszZGve2hC0sEi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Mythology",
"text": "The lion has long been a symbol associated with the sun in ancient Near Eastern civilizations."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and identity | Dissenting hypotheses | Modern dissenting hypotheses",
"text": "He supports this by suggesting Khafra's Causeway was built to conform to a pre-existing structure, which, he concludes, given its location, could only have been the Sphinx."
},
{
"section_header": "Mythology",
"text": "Al-Maqrizi describes it as the \"talisman of the Nile\" on which the locals believed the flood cycle depended."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Legacy",
"text": "Age of the Sphinx, a BBC Two Timewatch documentary presenting the theories of John Anthony West and critical to both sides of the argument, was shown on 27 November 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Facing directly from West to East, it stands on the Giza Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and identity | Fringe hypotheses | Orion correlation theory",
"text": "The authors argue that the geographic relationship of the Sphinx, the Giza pyramids and the Nile directly corresponds with Leo, Orion and the Milky Way respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Missing nose and beard",
"text": "The one-metre-wide nose on the face is missing."
},
{
"section_header": "Missing nose and beard",
"text": "Examination of the Sphinx's face shows that long rods or chisels were hammered into the nose, one down from the bridge and one beneath the nostril, then used to pry the nose off towards the south."
},
{
"section_header": "Missing nose and beard",
"text": "One tale erroneously attributes it to cannon balls fired by the army of Napoleon Bonaparte."
},
{
"section_header": "Restoration",
"text": "One of the people working on clearing the sands from around the Great Sphinx was Eugène Grébaut, a French Director of the Antiquities Service."
}
] |
The structure lies on the eastern side of the Nile river.
| 2 | 5 |
Great Sphinx of Giza
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His sister Carole competed as a professional ice skater and his older brother Clive is a noted cartoonist."
}
] |
DfPbopvxHH9wbKmrMl7b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cameo film and television appearances",
"text": "It Was Murdered!\" as resembling Shawn Spencer's father, Henry, portrayed by actor Corbin Bernsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–1996: ...But Seriously, Both Sides, and leaving Genesis",
"text": "Its two biggest singles were \"Both Sides of the Story\" and \"Everyday\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–1996: ...But Seriously, Both Sides, and leaving Genesis",
"text": "Collins worked on his fifth studio album, Both Sides, in 1992 and 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–1996: ...But Seriously, Both Sides, and leaving Genesis",
"text": "Released in November 1993, Both Sides reached No. 1 in eight countries, including the UK, and No. 13 in the US."
},
{
"section_header": "Drumming and impact",
"text": "\" In the April 2001 issue of Modern Drummer, Dream Theater drummer Mike Portnoy named Collins in an interview when asked about drummers he was influenced by and had respect for."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–1996: ...But Seriously, Both Sides, and leaving Genesis",
"text": "The Both Sides of the World Tour saw Collins perform 165 shows across four legs between April 1994 and May 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly reviewed by saying that \"even Phil Collins must know that we all grew weary of Phil Collins\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in west London, Collins played drums from the age of five and completed drama school training, which secured him various roles as a child actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In 2000, the song won Collins an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award, both for Best Original Song."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1984–1989: No Jacket Required and commercial ubiquity",
"text": "Not aware of his prominence as a musical performer, a note to Collins's label from telecast co-producer Larry Gelbart explaining the lack of invitation stated: \"Thank you for your note regarding Phil Cooper [sic]."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His sister Carole competed as a professional ice skater and his older brother Clive is a noted cartoonist."
}
] |
Both of Phil Collins's siblings were theater actors.
| 0 | 2 |
Phil Collins
|
Technology
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism and controversies",
"text": "On 16 March 2020, France fined Apple € 1.1bn for colluding with two wholesalers to stifle competition and keep prices high by handicapping independent resellers."
}
] |
Dg8chWF5CvB7HxqB99Ip
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Corporate culture",
"text": "Apple is one of several highly successful companies founded in the 1970s that bucked the traditional notions of corporate culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance",
"text": "As of August 3, 2018, Apple was the largest publicly traded corporation in the world by market capitalization."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance",
"text": "Apple was ranked No. 4 on the 2018 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Brand loyalty",
"text": "Even as a large corporation, Apple plays David to IBM's Goliath, and thus has the sympathetic role in that myth."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Corporate culture",
"text": "Apple has a strong culture of corporate secrecy, and has an anti-leak Global Security team that recruits from the National Security Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the United States Secret Service."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Headquarters",
"text": "Apple Inc.'s world corporate headquarters are located in the middle of Silicon Valley, at 1–6 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Corporate culture",
"text": "According to a 2011 report in Fortune, this has resulted in a corporate culture more akin to a startup rather than a multinational corporation."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate identity | Brand loyalty",
"text": "Apple is more than just a company because its founding has some of the qualities of myth ... Apple is two guys in a garage undertaking the mission of bringing computing power, once reserved for big corporations, to ordinary individuals with ordinary budgets."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Environmental practices and initiatives | Apple Energy",
"text": "Apple Energy, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Apple Inc. that sells solar energy."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Corporate culture",
"text": "Apple is known for strictly enforcing accountability."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and controversies",
"text": "On 16 March 2020, France fined Apple € 1.1bn for colluding with two wholesalers to stifle competition and keep prices high by handicapping independent resellers."
}
] |
Apple is a nice and moral corporation.
| 2 | 9 |
Apple Inc.
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The war was fought across four primary theatres: Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, and the seas."
}
] |
DgLQ1YkzlDcKmAhVnnSY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The War of the Austrian Succession (German: Österreichischer Erbfolgekrieg) was a European war fought between 1740 and 1748."
},
{
"section_header": "Related wars",
"text": "First Carnatic War — Anglo-French rivalry in India often seen as a theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession. Russo-Swedish War (1741–43) — Swedish and Russian participation in the War of the Austrian Succession. King George's War — American participation in the War of the Austrian Succession."
},
{
"section_header": "Related wars",
"text": "War of Jenkins' Ear — Anglo-Spanish war which merged into the War of the Austrian Succession."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The war was fought across four primary theatres: Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, and the seas."
},
{
"section_header": "Military overview and strategies | Methods and technologies",
"text": "The War of the Austrian Succession, like most European wars of the eighteenth century, was fought as a so-called cabinet war in which disciplined regular armies were equipped and supplied by the state to conduct warfare on behalf of the sovereign's interests."
},
{
"section_header": "Italian Campaigns, 1741–47",
"text": "Prior to the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) Spain and Austria had been ruled by the same (Habsburg) royal house."
},
{
"section_header": "Campaign of 1744",
"text": "Success allowed Spain to land troops in Northern Italy, and in April they captured the important port of Villefranche-sur-Mer, then part of Savoy."
},
{
"section_header": "Military overview and strategies",
"text": "In the War of the Austrian Succession, the British were allied with Austria; by the time of the Seven Years' War, they were allied with its enemy, Prussia."
},
{
"section_header": "Campaign of 1745",
"text": "Since the war in Northern Italy was largely fought to support Spanish aims, this left the Netherlands as the only remaining theatre where France could achieve strategic victory."
},
{
"section_header": "Italian Campaigns, 1741–47",
"text": "However, since the Treaty of Utrecht and the end of the War of the Spanish Succession, the childless last Habsburg monarch (Charles II) had been replaced by the Bourbon grandson of the French king Louis XIV Philip of Anjou, who became Philip V in Spain."
}
] |
The War of the Austrian Succession was fought across only Spain and Italy.
| 2 | 3 |
War of the Austrian Succession
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "Francis Drake married Mary Newman at St. Budeaux church, Plymouth, in July 1569."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "In 1585, Drake married Elizabeth Sydenham—born circa 1562, the only child of Sir George Sydenham, of Combe Sydenham, who was the High Sheriff of Somerset."
}
] |
DgjhugC9OxZKCnP5w2SN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career at sea | Drake's first victory",
"text": "Drake stayed in the area for almost a year, raiding Spanish shipping and attempting to capture a treasure shipment."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth and early years",
"text": "Lady Elliott-Drake, the collateral descendant, and final holder of the Drake Baronetcy, argued in her book on 'The Family and Heirs of Sir Francis Drake' that Drake's birth year was 1541.He was the oldest of the twelve sons of Edmund Drake (1518–1585), a Protestant farmer, and his wife Mary Mylwaye."
},
{
"section_header": "Birth and early years",
"text": "The first son was alleged to have been named after his godfather Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Drake, Sir Francis (1540–1596)\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "\" Cave of the Pirate\") with Francis Drake."
},
{
"section_header": "Rathlin Island massacre",
"text": "Therefore, the remaining leader of the Gaelic defence against English power, Sorley Boy MacDonnell, was forced to stay on the mainland."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Secret Voyage of Sir Francis Drake, 1577–1580."
},
{
"section_header": "Circumnavigation (1577–1580) | Entering the Pacific (1578)",
"text": "During the stay in the strait, crew members discovered that an infusion made of the bark of Drimys winteri could be used as remedy against scurvy."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Sir Francis Drake. Hughes-Hallett, Lucy (2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career at sea | Drake's first victory",
"text": "His first raid was late in July 1572."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "Francis Drake married Mary Newman at St. Budeaux church, Plymouth, in July 1569."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and family",
"text": "In 1585, Drake married Elizabeth Sydenham—born circa 1562, the only child of Sir George Sydenham, of Combe Sydenham, who was the High Sheriff of Somerset."
}
] |
Francis Drake stayed with his first wife forever.
| 2 | 4 |
Francis Drake
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Lemon died in 2000 in Long Beach, California, where he had been a permanent resident since his career as a player."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert Granville Lemon (September 22, 1920 – January 11, 2000) was an American right-handed pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
}
] |
DhXNufQYrCLxPZjcVbSu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second World Series appearance",
"text": "After nine innings, the Indians and Giants were tied 2–2."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Making it as a utility player",
"text": "Before that season, Lemon had only pitched one inning while with Oswego and another while with Wilkes-Barre."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Full-time pitcher to World Series champion",
"text": "When the Indians get behind and Lemon is pitching, he rarely is yanked for a pinch hitter in the early innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert Granville Lemon (September 22, 1920 – January 11, 2000) was an American right-handed pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career | Managing | New York Yankees",
"text": "The Yankees defeated Boston for the division title in the tie-breaker game, punctuated both by a dramatic three-run home run by Bucky Dent in the seventh inning, and an eighth-inning homer by Reggie Jackson that proved the game's winning run."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Full-time pitcher to World Series champion",
"text": "He finished the season with a 21–15 record, 3.36 ERA and led the AL in innings pitched for the fourth and final time of his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Making it as a utility player",
"text": "During the last two months of the season, Lemon went 9–3 and pitched six complete games, including two 11-inning outings."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second World Series appearance",
"text": "Lemon pitched 3.1 innings over the span of two games before he was put on the Indians' disabled list and sent to the Triple-A San Diego Padres."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second World Series appearance",
"text": "Lemon stayed in the game to pitch the tenth and final inning, but he surrendered a three-run home run to pinch hitter Dusty Rhodes and the Indians lost, 5–2."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Lemon died in 2000 in Long Beach, California, where he had been a permanent resident since his career as a player."
}
] |
Bob Lemon had a career in MLB and passed away in the year 2000.
| 0 | 0 |
Bob Lemon
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939, and ruled Spain until Franco's death in November 1975."
}
] |
DhwQd0azrwcjOs4nBkdV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Española) was a civil war in Spain fought from 1936 to 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "It remained in power until the culmination of the Spanish Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Foreign involvement",
"text": "The Spanish Civil War exposed political divisions across Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Atrocities | Nationalists",
"text": "Michael Seidman observes that the Nationalist terror was a key part of the Nationalist victory as it allowed them to secure their rear; the Russian Whites, in their respective civil war, had struggled to suppress peasant rebellions, bandits and warlordism behind their lines; British observers argued that if the Russian Whites had been able to secure law and order behind their lines, they would have won over the peasantry, while the inability of the Chinese Nationalists to stop banditry during the Chinese Civil War did severe damage to the regime's legitimacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of the war | 1937",
"text": "Franco had effectively won in the north."
},
{
"section_header": "Foreign involvement",
"text": "The Spanish Civil War involved large numbers of non-Spanish citizens who participated in combat and advisory positions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Nationalists won the war, which ended in early 1939, and ruled Spain until Franco's death in November 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Atrocities | Nationalists",
"text": "According to Basque sources, some 22,000 Basques were murdered by Nationalists immediately after the Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of the war | 1936",
"text": "However, the Nationalists' attack on the capital was repulsed in fierce fighting between 8 and 23 November."
},
{
"section_header": "Death toll",
"text": "The death toll of the Spanish Civil War is far from clear and remains—especially in part related to war and postwar repression—a very controversial issue."
}
] |
The Spanish Civil War was a fight that the Nationalist won.
| 0 | 0 |
Spanish Civil War
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys, Pittsburgh Burghers, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds and St. Louis Cardinals from 1888 to 1907."
}
] |
DiCiahs2jHTgoqN07yha
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "After playing one and a half seasons for the Alleghenys, Beckley and eight of his teammates jumped to the Pittsburgh Burghers, a team in the newly-formed Players' League (PL)."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 2016, the Hannibal Cavemen of the Prospect League installed the Jake Beckley ."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "But later when Wagner's Louisville Colonels came to play at Cincinnati, Beckley was successful in getting Wagner out, employing a strategy that involved the use of two baseballs."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Beckley began playing semi-professional baseball while still a teenager."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys, Pittsburgh Burghers, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds and St. Louis Cardinals from 1888 to 1907."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After splitting two seasons between Leavenworth and a team in Lincoln, Nebraska,"
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Beckley holds the MLB record for career putouts, with 23,743, and ranks second all-time in games played at first base, with 2,376."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He played with Cincinnati for seven seasons and was later purchased by the Cardinals on February 11, 1904.Beckley retired after the 1907 season with 2,930 career hits, second only to Cap Anson."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "\" The league lasted only one season, and Beckley spent the next five and a half seasons with the Pittsburgh Pirates."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "He continues to rank fourth all-time among major leaguers in triples with 244."
}
] |
Jake Beckley played in Major League Baseball for six different teams.
| 0 | 0 |
Jake Beckley
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is set in a Norwegian town circa 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is significant for the way it deals with the fate of a married woman, who at the time in Norway lacked reasonable opportunities for self-fulfillment in a male-dominated world, despite the fact that Ibsen denies it was his intent to write a feminist play."
}
] |
DiRoBQaQVgH2e865XIzy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism",
"text": "A Doll's House questions the traditional roles of men and women in 19th-century marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "UNESCO has inscribed Ibsen's autographed manuscripts of A Doll's House on the Memory of the World Register in 2001, in recognition of their historical value."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "Writing in 1896 in his book The Foundations of a National Drama, Jones says: \"A rough translation from the German version of A Doll's House was put into my hands, and I was told that if it could be turned into a sympathetic play, a ready opening would be found for it on the London boards."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "A Doll's House received its world premiere on 21 December 1879 at the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen, with Betty Hennings as Nora, Emil Poulsen as Torvald, and Peter Jerndorff as Dr. Rank."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Doll's House (Danish and Bokmål: Et dukkehjem"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "A Doll's House starring Alla Nazimova as Nora."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The title of the play is most commonly translated as A Doll's House, though some scholars use A Doll House."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "A production of A Doll's House by The Jamie Lloyd Company starring"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act One",
"text": "She told Torvald that her father gave her the money, but in fact she managed to illegally borrow it without his knowledge because women couldn't do anything economical like signing checks without their husband."
},
{
"section_header": "List of characters",
"text": "She was in a relationship with Krogstad prior to the play's setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is set in a Norwegian town circa 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is significant for the way it deals with the fate of a married woman, who at the time in Norway lacked reasonable opportunities for self-fulfillment in a male-dominated world, despite the fact that Ibsen denies it was his intent to write a feminist play."
}
] |
A Doll's House is set in Newfoundland and put a spotlight on a world controlled by women.
| 0 | 0 |
A Doll's House
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fought on 22 August 1485, the battle was won by the Lancastrians."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty by his victory and subsequent marriage to a Yorkist princess."
}
] |
DjcHVpfcFEbSQChRQXc0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "The Earl of Lincoln backed him for the throne and led rebel forces in the name of the House of York."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Their leader Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, became the first English monarch of the Tudor dynasty by his victory and subsequent marriage to a Yorkist princess."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "The marriage of Elizabeth, the heiress to the House of York, to Henry, the master of the House of Lancaster, marked the end of the feud between the two houses and the start of the Tudor dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "At Christmas, Henry Tudor swore an oath to marry Edward IV's daughter, Elizabeth of York, to unite the warring houses of York and Lancaster."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "The first open revolt occurred two years after Bosworth Field; Lambert Simnel claimed to be Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick, who was Edward IV's nephew."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His opponent Richard III, the last king of the House of York, was killed during the battle, the last English monarch to die in combat."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-battle",
"text": "Henry won this battle easily, but other malcontents and conspiracies would follow."
},
{
"section_header": "Battlefield location | Historians' theories",
"text": "The earliest record, a municipal memorandum of 23 August 1485 from York, locates the battle \"on the field of Redemore\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "During the 15th century civil war raged across England as the Houses of York and Lancaster fought each other for the English throne."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fought on 22 August 1485, the battle was won by the Lancastrians."
}
] |
The Battle of Bosworth Field was won by the House of York and the leader became an earl.
| 2 | 2 |
Battle of Bosworth Field
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "The Taj Mahal is built on a parcel of land to the south of the walled city of Agra."
}
] |
Dje8KtmlLX02vYRjPlBa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "The Taj Mahal is built on a parcel of land to the south of the walled city of Agra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yamuna in the Indian city of Agra."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "Shah Jahan presented Maharajah Jai Singh with a large palace in the centre of Agra in exchange for the land."
},
{
"section_header": "Later days",
"text": "In the 18th century, the Jat rulers of Bharatpur invaded Agra and attacked the Taj Mahal, the two chandeliers, one of agate and another of silver, which were hung over the main cenotaph, were taken away by them, along with the gold and silver screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Later days",
"text": "He also commissioned the large lamp in the interior chamber, modelled after one in a Cairo mosque."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Tomb",
"text": "Four minarets frame the tomb, one at each corner of the plinth facing the chamfered corners."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Interior decoration",
"text": "The inner chamber is an octagon with the design allowing for entry from each face, although only the door facing the garden to the south is used."
},
{
"section_header": "Myths",
"text": "The idea originates from fanciful writings of Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, a European traveller who visited Agra in 1665."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "A two-tier pricing system is in place, with a significantly lower entrance fee for Indian citizens and a more expensive one for foreigners."
},
{
"section_header": "Myths",
"text": "Bentinck's biographer John Rosselli says that the story arose from Bentinck's fund-raising sale of discarded marble from Agra Fort."
}
] |
It is built on a parcel of land to the south of the city of Agra.
| 0 | 1 |
Taj Mahal
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek."
}
] |
DkN1UTk2nASBzbOTHRY2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The 1935 Soviet film Loss of Sensation, though based on the 1929 novel Iron Riot, has a similar concept to R.U.R., and all the robots in the film prominently display the name \"R.U.R.\" In the American science fiction television series Dollhouse, the antagonist corporation, Rossum Corp., is named after the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered on 25 January 1921 and introduced the word \"robot\" to the English language and to science fiction as a whole."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "One of the robots is seen driving a car with \"RUR\" as the license plate number."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 1995 science fiction series The Outer Limits, in the remake of the \"I, Robot\" episode from the original 1964 series, the business where the robot Adam Link is built is named \"Rossum Hall Robotics\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Critical reception",
"text": "John Clute has lauded R.U.R. as \"a play of exorbitant wit and almost demonic energy\" and lists the play as one of the \"classic titles\" of inter-war science fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Adaptations",
"text": "On 11 February 1938, a thirty-five-minute adaptation of a section of the play was broadcast on BBC Television – the first piece of television science-fiction ever to be broadcast."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the \"Fear of a Bot Planet\" episode of the animated science fiction TV series Futurama, the Planet Express crew is ordered to make a delivery on a planet called \"Chapek 9\", which is inhabited solely by robots."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Critical reception",
"text": "It contributed the word 'robot' not only to English but, through English, to all the languages in which science fiction is now written.\" In fact, Asimov's \"Laws of Robotics\" are specifically and explicitly designed to prevent the kind of situation depicted in R.U.R. – since Asimov's Robots are created with a built-in total inhibition against harming human beings or disobeying them."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Adaptations",
"text": "On 26 November 2015 The RUR-Play: Prologue, the world's first version of R.U.R. with robots appearing in all the roles, was presented during the robot performance festival of Cafe Neu Romance at the gallery of the National Library of Technology in Prague.."
}
] |
R.U.R. is a science fiction film about robots.
| 0 | 0 |
R.U.R.
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": ", Paris was the second-busiest airline destination in the world, with 19.10 million visitors, behind Bangkok (22.78 million) but ahead of London (19.09 million)."
}
] |
DkQHZaTXpE3ThhRU5W8y
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was ranked as the second most visited travel destination in the world in 2019, after Bangkok and just ahead of London."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": ", Paris was the second-busiest airline destination in the world, with 19.10 million visitors, behind Bangkok (22.78 million) but ahead of London (19.09 million)."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transport | Air",
"text": "For the year 2017 it was the 5th busiest airport in the world by international traffic"
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transport | Air",
"text": "Paris is a major international air transport hub with the 5th busiest airport system in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In 2018, Paris was the most expensive city in the world with Singapore and Hong Kong."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gare du Nord is the 24th busiest railway station in the world, but the first located outside Japan, with 262 million passengers in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "Of foreign visitors, the greatest number came from the United States (2.6 million), Great Britain (1.2 million), Germany (981 thousand) and China (711 thousand).In 2018, measured by the Euromonitor Global Cities Destination Index"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Hotels",
"text": "The Hotel Meurice, opened for British travellers in 1817, was one of the first luxury hotels in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey in 2018, Paris was the second most expensive city in the world, after Singapore, and ahead of Zürich, Hong Kong, Oslo and Geneva."
}
] |
In 2018, Paris was the 3rd busiest travel destination in the world.
| 2 | 5 |
Paris
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The Baseball Hall of Fame first admitted Negro league players in the 1970s, but did not honor Rogan until 1998, 31 years after his death."
}
] |
Dki3yy4XV5OQgUGS8p7S
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1998."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The Baseball Hall of Fame first admitted Negro league players in the 1970s, but did not honor Rogan until 1998, 31 years after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Wilber \"Bullet\" Rogan, also known as \"Bullet Joe\" (July 28, 1893 – March 4, 1967), was an American pitcher and outfielder for the Kansas City Monarchs in the Negro baseball leagues from 1920 to 1938."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He died in Kansas City, Missouri on March 4, 1967 at age 73."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "This would cause later confusion about Rogan's age, as some records (along with his Hall of Fame plaque) give his birth year as 1889, others as 1893; recent histories, such as Phil Dixon's, conclude that the latter date is correct."
},
{
"section_header": "Rogan as player and manager",
"text": "And don't think Rogan was nicknamed \"Bullet\" for nothing."
},
{
"section_header": "Rogan as player and manager",
"text": "He liked to give orders too much, even before he was managing."
},
{
"section_header": "Rogan as player and manager",
"text": "Bullet had a little more steam on the ball than Paige—and he had a better-breaking curve."
},
{
"section_header": "Career statistics | California Winter League",
"text": "Negro league baseball statistics and player information from Seamheads.com, or Baseball-Reference (Negro leagues) Batting"
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career",
"text": "On August 6, 1923, Rogan combined with teammate and manager José Méndez to pitch a no-hitter against the Milwaukee Bears, Méndez pitching the first five innings and Rogan the last four."
}
] |
Bullet Rogan died before he was recognized in the Baseball Hall of Fame.
| 0 | 0 |
Bullet Rogan
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Who are an English rock band formed in London in 1964."
}
] |
Dl9bocvCqOuUNJ6LkH61
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Early career",
"text": "Sandom left in disgust, but was persuaded to lend his kit to any potential stand-ins or replacements."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Who Are You and Moon's death",
"text": "\"Recording of Who Are You started in January 1978."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "In 1959 he started the Detours, the band that was to evolve into the Who."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Tommy, Woodstock and Live at Leeds",
"text": "By 1968 the Who had started to attract attention in the underground press."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and equipment | Drums",
"text": "Moon used Premier kits starting in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | A Quick One and The Who Sell Out",
"text": "The group started 1968 by touring Australia and New Zealand with the Small Faces."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Quadrophenia, Tommy film and The Who by Numbers",
"text": "There was no group activity until May 1972, when they started working on a proposed new album,"
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and equipment | Guitars",
"text": "Townshend started his career with an acoustic guitar and has regularly recorded and written with a Gibson J-200."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1964–1978 | Quadrophenia, Tommy film and The Who by Numbers",
"text": "The album reached No. 2 in both the UK and US.The Quadrophenia tour started in Stoke on Trent in October and was immediately beset with problems."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "Through Townshend's mother, the group obtained a management contract with local promoter Robert Druce, who started booking the band as a support act."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Who are an English rock band formed in London in 1964."
}
] |
The Who started in England's capital.
| 0 | 0 |
The Who
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups or communities: the Dutch-speaking Flemish Community, which constitutes about 60 percent of the population, and the French-speaking Community, which comprises about 40 percent of all Belgians."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Belgium has three official languages: Dutch, French and German."
}
] |
DlOON2MtyFPgGurQpy0S
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "However, by 2009 Sunday church attendance was 5% for Belgium in total; 3% in Brussels, and 5.4% in Flanders."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Belgium",
"text": "The latter has now become the European Union, for which Belgium hosts major administrations and institutions, including the European Commission, the Council of the European Union and the extraordinary and committee sessions of the European Parliament."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Locus of policy jurisdiction",
"text": "It controls substantial parts of public health, home affairs and foreign affairs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Belgium",
"text": "Belgium became one of the six founding members of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1951 and of the European Atomic Energy Community and European Economic Community, established in 1957."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Belgium is one of the six founding countries of the European Union and its capital, Brussels, hosts the official seats of the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, and the European Council, as well as one of two seats of the European Parliament (the other being Strasbourg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Belgium hosted the 1972 European Football Championships, and co-hosted the 2000 European Championships with the Netherlands."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "Both the European Union and NATO are headquartered in Belgium."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The average temperature is lowest in January at 3 °C (37.4 °F) and highest in July at 18 °C (64.4 °F)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Many Flemish people still speak dialects of Dutch in their local environment."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Phytogeographically, Belgium is shared between the Atlantic European and Central European provinces of the Circumboreal Region within the Boreal Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Belgium is home to two main linguistic groups or communities: the Dutch-speaking Flemish Community, which constitutes about 60 percent of the population, and the French-speaking Community, which comprises about 40 percent of all Belgians."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Belgium has three official languages: Dutch, French and German."
}
] |
Belgium is home to 3 European dialects, none of which are English.
| 0 | 0 |
Belgium
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The treaty was proclaimed on February 18."
}
] |
DlYhHDvKJgGvJpoWWODm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Treaty of Ghent (8 Stat. 218) was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and Great Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "James Carr argues that Britain negotiated the Treaty of Ghent with the goal of ending the war but that it knew that a major British expedition had been ordered to seize New Orleans."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Negotiations were held in Ghent, United Netherlands, starting in August 1814."
},
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "At last in August 1814, peace discussions began in the neutral city of Ghent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Both sides signed it on December 24, 1814, in the city of Ghent, United Netherlands (now Belgium)."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The treaty was proclaimed on February 18."
},
{
"section_header": "Agreement",
"text": "The negotiations in Ghent concluded in 1814 in anticipation that the two governments would pursue further discussions in 1815 to frame a new commercial agreement between the United States and the British Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Agreement",
"text": "The treaty thus made no changes to the prewar boundaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "News of the treaty finally reached the United States after the major American victory in the Battle of New Orleans, and the treaty won immediate wide approval from all sides."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The treaty was forward-looking and ignored matters that were no longer live issues."
}
] |
The Treaty of Ghent was never declared.
| 0 | 0 |
Treaty of Ghent
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wembley Stadium (branded as Wembley Stadium connected by EE for sponsorship reasons) is a multi-purpose stadium in Wembley, London."
}
] |
DlkDd9S0ZovUnXJ9EhoV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Construction",
"text": "All competitions and concerts planned were to be moved to suitable locations."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Construction",
"text": "Only the base of the tower was ever built before being abandoned and demolished in 1907; the site was later used as the location for the first Wembley Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports | Rugby league",
"text": "The West Yorkshire secondary school beat Castleford High School in the Year 7 boys Carnegie Champion Schools final, which was played immediately prior to the 2007 Challenge Cup Final."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wembley Stadium (branded as Wembley Stadium connected by EE for sponsorship reasons) is a multi-purpose stadium in Wembley, London."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "The Killers performed a song specially written for the Wembley Stadium: The Wembley Song."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports",
"text": "Since the new Wembley Stadium opened in 2007 Wembley has hosted games during the NFL regular season."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Pitch",
"text": "It was not good enough for a Wembley pitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports",
"text": "Wembley has had a long association with American football."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Bon Jovi, the last act to perform at the old Wembley, were scheduled to be the first artists to perform at the new Wembley but the late completion of the stadium"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wembley Stadium is owned by the governing body of English football, the Football Association (the FA), through its subsidiary Wembley National Stadium Ltd (WNSL)."
}
] |
Wembley is located in Yorkshire.
| 0 | 0 |
Wembley Stadium
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "The description of the country by the word Argentina has been found on a Venetian map in 1536.In English, the name \"Argentina\" comes from the Spanish language; however, the naming itself is not Spanish, but Italian."
}
] |
DmQ5MCEsHAnOXlqGEAmY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "The Italian naming \"Argentina\" for the country implies Terra Argentina \"land of silver\" or Costa Argentina \"coast of silver\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "The description of the country by the word Argentina has been found on a Venetian map in 1536.In English, the name \"Argentina\" comes from the Spanish language; however, the naming itself is not Spanish, but Italian."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "In English, the country was traditionally called \"the Argentine\", mimicking the typical Spanish usage la Argentina and perhaps resulting from a mistaken shortening of the fuller name 'Argentine Republic'. '"
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "Although \"Argentina\" was already in common usage by the 18th century, the country was formally named \"Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata\" by the Spanish Empire, and \"United Provinces of the Río de la Plata\" after independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "Argentina (masculine argentino) means in Italian \"(made) of silver, silver coloured\", probably borrowed from the Old French adjective argentine \"(made) of silver"
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "and it is said l'Argentina. The name Argentina was probably first given by the Venetian and Genoese navigators, such as Giovanni Caboto."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "The French word argentine is the feminine form of argentin and derives from argent \"silver\" with the suffix -in (same construction as Old French acerin \"(made) of steel\", from acier \"steel\" + -in, or sapin \"(made) of fir wood\", from OF sap \"fir\" + -in)."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "The first written use of the name in Spanish can be traced to La Argentina, a 1602 poem by Martín del Barco Centenera describing the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "In Italian, the adjective or the proper noun is often used in an autonomous way as a substantive and replaces it"
},
{
"section_header": "Name and etymology",
"text": "In 1860 a presidential decree settled the country's name as \"Argentine Republic\", and that year's constitutional amendment ruled all the names since 1810 as legally valid."
}
] |
The country of Argentina derives it's name from Italian.
| 0 | 5 |
Argentina
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Franz Liszt, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Boris Blacher, Andrew Lloyd Webber, George Rochberg and Witold Lutosławski, among others, wrote well-known variations on these themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Paganini was also the inspiration of many prominent composers."
}
] |
DmQVrzszxJE6Hh1BMLIe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "Franz Lehár – Paganini, a fictionalized operetta about Paganini (1925) Franz Liszt –"
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Franz Liszt, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Boris Blacher, Andrew Lloyd Webber, George Rochberg and Witold Lutosławski, among others, wrote well-known variations on these themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "Notable works inspired by compositions of Paganini include: Jason Becker – Caprice No. 5"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Late career and health decline",
"text": "Neither, however, considered Paganini helpful or inspirational."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Paganini was also the inspiration of many prominent composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "Notable examples include Brahms's Variations on a Theme of Paganini and Rachmaninoff's Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "7. 7. Uli Jon Roth – \"Scherzo alla Paganini\" and \"Paganini Paraphrase\" Robert Schumann – Studies after Caprices by Paganini, Op. 3 (1832; piano); 6 Concert Studies on Caprices by Paganini, Op. 10 (1833, piano)."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "August Wilhelmj – Paganini Concerto in D"
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "A movement from his piano work Carnaval (Op. 9) is named for Paganini."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspired works",
"text": "Eugène Ysaÿe – Paganini Variations for violin and pianoThe Caprice No."
}
] |
Paganini was an inspiration to Franz Liszt.
| 0 | 0 |
Niccolò Paganini
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Personal life",
"text": "Copland never enrolled as a member of any political party."
}
] |
DmgKzXoa58ydyR2ALAzQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Later years",
"text": "Much of his large estate was bequeathed to the creation of the Aaron Copland Fund for Composers, which bestows over $600,000 per year to performing groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Personal life",
"text": "Copland never enrolled as a member of any political party."
},
{
"section_header": "Critic, writer, teacher",
"text": "Everything he said was helpful in making a younger composer realize the potential of a particular work."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "Copland was however unaware until late in his life that the family name had been Kaplan, and his parents never told him this."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Study in Paris",
"text": "An article in Musical America about a summer school program for American musicians at the Fontainebleau School of Music, offered by the French government, encouraged Copland still further."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1950s and 1960s",
"text": "Called later that year to a private hearing at the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C., Copland was questioned by Joseph McCarthy and Roy Cohn about his lecturing abroad and his affiliations with various organizations and events."
},
{
"section_header": "Film",
"text": "Aaron Copland: A Self-Portrait (1985)."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Instead, he tended to compose whole sections in no particular order and surmise their eventual sequence after all those parts were complete, much like assembling a collage."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": ", He Got Game. See also List of compositions by Aaron Copland"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Thanks to Aaron, American music came into its own.\" On September 14, 1964, Aaron Copland was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson."
}
] |
Aaron Copland was never affiliated with any particular government group.
| 0 | 0 |
Aaron Copland
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "Rivera is also Milan's youngest ever goalscorer, scoring in a league match against Juventus at just 17 years."
}
] |
DmlZULyVDTeu6WZVWOPW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "He is followed in second place by Andriy Shevchenko with 175 goals in 322 games, and Gianni Rivera in third place, who has scored 164 goals in 658 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "Rivera is also Milan's youngest ever goalscorer, scoring in a league match against Juventus at just 17 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "He went on to become Milan's all-time top goalscorer, scoring 221 goals for the club in 268 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "Swedish forward Gunnar Nordahl scored 38 goals in the 1950–51 season, 35 of which were in Serie A, setting an Italian football and club record."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "two European Cup Winners' Cups: in 1967–68 and 1972–73.Milan won a tenth league title in 1979, but after the retirement of Gianni Rivera in the same year, the team went into a period of decline."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2009, after becoming Milan's second longest serving manager with 420 matches overseen, Ancelotti left the club to take over as manager at Chelsea."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Milan's next period of success came under another former player, Carlo Ancelotti."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Out on loan",
"text": "Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | First team squad",
"text": "Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "Previously, only Perugia had managed to go unbeaten over an entire Serie A season (1978–79), but finished second in the table."
}
] |
Gianni Rivera is A.C. Milan's second most youthful player to score a goal.
| 1 | 2 |
A.C. Milan
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At Yale, she supplemented her course fees by working as a waitress and typist, and appeared in over a dozen stage productions per year; at one point, she became overworked and developed ulcers, so she contemplated quitting acting and switching to study law."
}
] |
DnthhSYM4kL6QCdeVWfk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s: Theater and film debut",
"text": "I thought, I've made a terrible mistake, no more movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Death Becomes Her (1992) and the drama The Bridges of Madison County (1995) becoming her biggest earners in that period."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Longworth considers Death Becomes"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Streep said, \"She was a mentor because she said to me, 'Meryl, you're capable."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mary Louise \"Meryl\" Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s: Rise to stardom",
"text": "Streep had spent much time listening to tapes of Blixen, and began speaking in an old-fashioned and aristocratic fashion, which Pollack thought excessive."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Roger Ebert wrote that \"Meryl Streep is known for her mastery of accents; she may be the most versatile speaker in the movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting style and legacy",
"text": "The citation reads as follows, \"Meryl Streep is one of the most widely known and acclaimed actors in history."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s: Theater and film debut",
"text": "Streep thought that the script portrayed the female character as \"too evil\" and insisted that it was not representative of real women who faced marriage breakdown and child custody battles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "Reviews for the film were mostly positive, with critics praising the \"mesmerizing performances ... which offer filmgoers some grown-up laughs - and a thoughtful look at mature relationships\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At Yale, she supplemented her course fees by working as a waitress and typist, and appeared in over a dozen stage productions per year; at one point, she became overworked and developed ulcers, so she contemplated quitting acting and switching to study law."
}
] |
Meryl thought about becoming a lawyer.
| 1 | 3 |
Meryl Streep
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led his league in wins during five seasons and pitched three no-hitters, including a perfect game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Denton True \"Cy\" Young (March 29, 1867 – November 4, 1955) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher."
}
] |
DnxbyDXeF1t1XeA0aEw7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Career accomplishments",
"text": "Young established numerous pitching records, some of which have stood for over a century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the time Young retired, he had established numerous pitching records, some of which have stood for over a century."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Move to Boston of the American League",
"text": "Three months past his 41st birthday, Cy Young was the oldest pitcher to record a no-hitter, a record which would stand 82 years until 43-year-old Nolan Ryan surpassed the feat."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Cleveland Spiders",
"text": "On August 6, 1890, Young's major league debut, he pitched a three-hit 8–1 victory over the Chicago Colts."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Move to Boston of the American League",
"text": "Young finished the series with a 2–1 record and a 1.85 ERA in four appearances, and Boston defeated Pittsburgh, five games to three games."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Cleveland Naps and retirement",
"text": "He had also gained weight. In two of his last three years, he was the oldest player in the league."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Move to Boston of the American League",
"text": "Three days later, Young pitched a perfect game against Waddell and the Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Move to Boston of the American League",
"text": "At this time, Young was the second-oldest player in either league."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Move to Boston of the American League",
"text": "Young set major league records for the most consecutive scoreless innings pitched and the most consecutive innings without allowing a hit; the latter record still stands at 25.1 innings, or 76 hitless batters."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Pilgrims, led by twenty-eight game winner Cy Young, trailed the series three games to one but then swept four consecutive victories to win the championship five games to three."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led his league in wins during five seasons and pitched three no-hitters, including a perfect game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Denton True \"Cy\" Young (March 29, 1867 – November 4, 1955) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) pitcher."
}
] |
American baseball player Cy Young held records for over a century and pitched three no-hitters.
| 0 | 0 |
Cy Young
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "King Arthur (Welsh: Brenin Arthur, Cornish: Arthur Gernow, Breton: Roue Arzhur) was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries."
}
] |
Do5sReh99kJAWSmimoH6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Tennyson and the revival",
"text": "The romance tradition did, however, remain sufficiently powerful to persuade Thomas Hardy, Laurence Binyon and John Masefield to compose Arthurian plays, and T. S. Eliot alludes to the Arthur myth (but not Arthur) in his poem The Waste Land, which mentions the Fisher King."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "King Arthur (Welsh: Brenin Arthur, Cornish: Arthur Gernow, Breton: Roue Arzhur) was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In some Welsh and Breton tales and poems that date from before this work, Arthur appears either as a great warrior defending Britain from human and supernatural enemies or as a magical figure of folklore, sometimes associated with the Welsh otherworld Annwn."
},
{
"section_header": "Medieval literary traditions | Pre-Galfridian traditions",
"text": "The second is that the pre-Galfridian Arthur was a figure of folklore (particularly topographic or onomastic folklore) and localised magical wonder-tales, the leader of a band of superhuman heroes who live in the wilds of the landscape."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "Neither the Historia nor the Annales calls him \"rex\": the former calls him instead \"dux bellorum\" (leader of battles) and \"miles\" (soldier).The consensus among academic historians today"
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "Classical Latin Arcturus would also have become Art(h)ur when borrowed into Welsh, and its brightness and position in the sky led people to regard it as the \"guardian of the bear\" (which is the meaning of the name in Ancient Greek) and the \"leader\" of the other stars in Boötes."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "The historical basis for King Arthur was long debated by scholars."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "It is not even certain that Arthur was considered a king in the early texts."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "One school of thought, citing entries in the Historia Brittonum (History of the Britons) and Annales Cambriae (Welsh Annals), saw Arthur as a genuine historical figure, a Romano-British leader who fought against the invading Anglo-Saxons some time in the late 5th to early 6th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline, revival, and the modern legend | Post-medieval literature",
"text": "The end of the Middle Ages brought with it a waning of interest in King Arthur."
}
] |
King Arthur was ab Scottish leader that defended his land from the Vikings.
| 0 | 0 |
King Arthur
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "On 6 July 2015, a migrant died while attempting to climb onto a freight train while trying to reach Britain from the French side of the Channel."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "He was arrested close to the British side, after having walked about 30 miles (48 km) through the tunnel."
}
] |
DoJ7VqhONV4AAolAtQcN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "He was arrested close to the British side, after having walked about 30 miles (48 km) through the tunnel."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "On 6 July 2015, a migrant died while attempting to climb onto a freight train while trying to reach Britain from the French side of the Channel."
},
{
"section_header": "Unusual traffic | Trains",
"text": "In 1999, the Kosovo Train for Life passed through the tunnel en route to Pristina, in Kosovo."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration",
"text": "Although the facilities were fenced, airtight security was deemed impossible; migrants would even jump from bridges onto moving trains."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration",
"text": "By 1997, the problem had attracted international press attention, and by 1999, the French Red Cross opened the first migrant centre at Sangatte, using a warehouse once used for tunnel construction; by 2002, it housed up to 1,500 people at a time, most of them trying to get to the UK."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since at least 1997, people have attempted to use the tunnel to travel illegally to the UK, causing many migrants to be held up around Calais and creating ongoing issues of human rights violations, diplomatic disagreement, and violence."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "Nine migrants from Eritrea have been arrested in connection with this incident."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "In 2002, a dozen migrants died in crossing attempts."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Train failures",
"text": "One train was turned back before reaching the tunnel; two trains were hauled out of the tunnel by Eurotunnel Class 0001 diesel locomotives."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Fires",
"text": "No one was killed but several people were taken to hospitals suffering from smoke inhalation, and minor cuts and bruises."
}
] |
Many people have died or been arrested trying to pass through the tunnel illegally, or jump on trains to accomplish the same.
| 4 | 7 |
Channel Tunnel
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The historian A.H.M. Jones observed that \"It is perhaps Diocletian's greatest achievement that he reigned twenty-one years and then abdicated voluntarily, and spent the remaining years of his life in peaceful retirement.\" Diocletian was one of the few emperors of the third and fourth centuries to die naturally, and the first in the history of the empire to retire voluntarily."
}
] |
Doh0UTFjnxlNV0CWvUiW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reforms | Legal",
"text": "Diocletian's reign marks the end of the classical period of Roman law."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diocletian's reign stabilized the empire and marks the end of the Crisis of the Third Century."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Death of Numerian",
"text": "Both Eutropius and Aurelius Victor describe Numerian's death as an assassination."
},
{
"section_header": "Reforms | Economic | Taxation",
"text": "Diocletian's reforms also increased the number of financial officials in the provinces: more rationales and magistri privatae are attested under Diocletian's reign than before."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In this system of counting, the beginning of Diocletian's reign in 284 was used as the epoch, making Diocletian's first year in power into the Year 1 of that calendar."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule | Conflict with Sarmatia and Persia",
"text": "The events might have represented a formal end to Carus's eastern campaign, which probably ended without an acknowledged peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule | Maximian made co-emperor",
"text": "The assassinations of Aurelian and Probus demonstrated that sole rulership was dangerous to the stability of the empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Reforms | Legal",
"text": "Emperors in the forty years preceding Diocletian's reign had not managed these duties so effectively, and their output in attested rescripts is low."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diocletian reigned in the Eastern Empire, and Maximian reigned in the Western Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious persecutions | Great Persecution",
"text": "Before the end of February, a fire destroyed part of the Imperial palace."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The historian A.H.M. Jones observed that \"It is perhaps Diocletian's greatest achievement that he reigned twenty-one years and then abdicated voluntarily, and spent the remaining years of his life in peaceful retirement.\" Diocletian was one of the few emperors of the third and fourth centuries to die naturally, and the first in the history of the empire to retire voluntarily."
}
] |
Diocletian's reign ended with his assassination.
| 2 | 3 |
Diocletian
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Revolution (750–751)",
"text": "The Abbasid caliphs were Arabs descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the youngest uncles of Muhammad and of the same Banu Hashim clan."
}
] |
DoyjuBDePhN4DIx5DSIv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo (1261–1517)",
"text": "In the 9th century, the Abbasids created an army loyal only to their caliphate, composed of non-Arab origin people, known as Mamluks."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Arabization",
"text": "While the Abbasids originally gained power by exploiting the social inequalities against non-Arabs in the Umayyad Empire, during Abbasid rule"
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Arabization",
"text": "As knowledge was shared in the Arabic language throughout the empire, many people from different nationalities and religions began to speak Arabic in their everyday lives."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Arabization",
"text": "Resources from other languages began to be translated into Arabic, and a unique Islamic identity began to form that fused previous cultures with Arab culture, creating a level of civilization and knowledge that was considered a marvel in Europe at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Revolution (750–751)",
"text": "The Abbasid caliphs were Arabs descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, one of the youngest uncles of Muhammad and of the same Banu Hashim clan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Abbasid Caliphate ( or Arabic: اَلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّةُ, al-Khilāfah al-ʿAbbāsīyah) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo (1261–1517)",
"text": "The first Abbasid caliph of Cairo was Al-Mustansir."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Arabization",
"text": "the empire rapidly Arabized, particularly in the Fertile Crescent region (namely Mesopotamia and the Levant) as had begun under Umayyad rule."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo (1261–1517)",
"text": "The Abbasid caliphs in Egypt continued to maintain the presence of authority, but it was confined to religious matters."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo (1261–1517)",
"text": "In 1261, following the devastation of Baghdad by the Mongols, the Mamluk rulers of Egypt re-established the Abbasid caliphate in Cairo."
}
] |
The Abbasid Caliphate had Arabic lineage.
| 1 | 4 |
Abbasid Caliphate
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crucible is a 1953 play by American playwright Arthur Miller."
}
] |
Dp91arTfMkPIik45oNNP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "The play was adapted by composer Robert Ward as an opera, The Crucible, which was first performed in 1961 and received the 1962 Pulitzer Prize for Music and the New York Music Critics' Circle Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crucible is a 1953 play by American playwright Arthur Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "1996 – The Crucible with a screenplay by Arthur Miller himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Title",
"text": "Miller originally called the play Those Familiar Spirits before renaming it as The Crucible."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "The Devil in Boston. In 1953, the year the play debuted, Miller wrote, \"The Crucible is taken from history."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In the 1953 essay, Journey to The Crucible, Miller writes of visiting Salem and feeling like the only one interested in what really happened in 1692."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Editions",
"text": "Miller, Arthur The Crucible (Harmondsworth: The Viking Press, 1971); ISBN 0-14-02-4772-6 (edited; with an introduction by Gerald Weales."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "William Tuckett presented a ballet at The Royal Ballet in London in 2000 to a collage of music by Charles Ives with designs by Ralph Steadman."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence and originality",
"text": "In 1947 Feuchtwanger wrote a play about the Salem witch trials, Wahn oder der Teufel in Boston (Delusion, or The Devil in Boston), as an allegory for the persecution of communists, thus anticipating the theme of The Crucible by Arthur Miller; Wahn premiered in Germany in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "\" This does not appear to be accurate as Miller made both deliberate changes and incidental mistakes."
}
] |
The Crucible is a musical by Miller.
| 3 | 8 |
The Crucible
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "First performed on 14 February 1895 at the St James's Theatre in London, it is a farcical comedy in which the protagonists maintain fictitious personae to escape burdensome social obligations."
}
] |
DpAwAqPuK5CJPyiBs8PX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Productions | Revivals",
"text": "\" The production toured North America, and was successfully staged on Broadway in 1947.As Wilde's work came to be read and performed again, it was The Importance of Being Earnest that received the most productions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Importance of Being Earnest has been revived many times since its premiere."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I: Algernon Moncrieff's flat in Half Moon Street, W",
"text": "In the city, meanwhile, he assumes the identity of the libertine Ernest."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | First edition",
"text": "Wilde's two final comedies, An Ideal Husband and The Importance of Being Earnest, were still on stage in London at the time of his prosecution, and they were soon closed as the details of his case became public."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Operas and musicals",
"text": "In 1960, Ernest in Love was staged Off-Broadway."
},
{
"section_header": "Dramatic analysis | Structure and genre",
"text": "The genre of the Importance of Being"
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Critical reception",
"text": "In contrast to much theatre of the time, the light plot of The Importance of Being Earnest does not tackle serious social and political issues, something of which contemporary reviewers were wary."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Revivals",
"text": "The Importance of Being Earnest and Wilde's"
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | In translation",
"text": "It was sold for £650. The Importance of Being"
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Premiere",
"text": "The play's original Broadway production opened at the Empire Theatre on 22 April 1895, but closed after sixteen performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "First performed on 14 February 1895 at the St James's Theatre in London, it is a farcical comedy in which the protagonists maintain fictitious personae to escape burdensome social obligations."
}
] |
The Importance of Being Ernest was performed for the first time in Broadway, New York City.
| 2 | 6 |
The Importance of Being Earnest
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mill on the Floss is a novel by George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), first published in three volumes in 1860 by William Blackwood."
}
] |
DpenOYWTkPpSPM69ewO4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Spanning a period of 10 to 15 years, the novel details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, siblings who grow up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mill on the Floss is a novel by George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), first published in three volumes in 1860 by William Blackwood."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The first American edition was published by Harper & Brothers, Publishers, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Maggie Tulliver is the protagonist and the story begins when she is 9 years old, 13 years into her parents' marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Several years pass, during which Mr Tulliver dies."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Upon arrival in Mudport, she rejects Stephen and makes her way back to St Ogg's, where she lives for a brief period as an outcast, Stephen having fled to Holland."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "film Delhi Belly, one of the protagonists makes a sarcastic reference to \"Mill on the floss\" when he finds his friends in completely different appearances and surreal whimsical situations."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Jeremy Tulliver – Maggie and Tom's father, owner of the Mill until a lengthy lawsuit leaves him in dire financial straits."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Tom Tulliver – Maggie's brother."
},
{
"section_header": "Locations",
"text": "Dorlcote Mill – the Tulliver family home for a century"
}
] |
Spanning a period of 10 to 15 years, "The Mill on the Floss" details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, first published in four volumes in 1860 by William Blackwood.
| 0 | 0 |
The Mill on the Floss
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Nurse Davis goads Virginia into an outburst which results in Virginia being straitjacketed and expelled from Level One into the \"snake pit,\" where patients considered beyond help are simply placed together in a large padded cell and abandoned."
}
] |
DpiRb3RRfqMirUEdNoGO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Based on Mary Jane Ward's 1946 semi-autobiographical novel of the same name, the film recounts the tale of a woman who finds herself in an insane asylum and cannot remember how she got there."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "He wrote, \"A film of superficial veracity that requires a bigger man than Litvak; a good film with bad things in it.\" On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 100% based on 6 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 8.1/10.Author and film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film three and a half out of a possible four stars, calling it \"gripping\" and \"one of the first films to deal intelligently with mental breakdown and the painstakingly slow recovery"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Nurse Davis goads Virginia into an outburst which results in Virginia being straitjacketed and expelled from Level One into the \"snake pit,\" where patients considered beyond help are simply placed together in a large padded cell and abandoned."
},
{
"section_header": "Other adaptations",
"text": "The Snake Pit was dramatized as an hour-long radio play on the April 10, 1950 broadcast of Lux Radio Theater, with de Havilland reprising her film role."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Snake Pit is a 1948 American drama film directed by Anatole Litvak and starring Olivia de Havilland, Mark Stevens, Leo Genn, Celeste Holm, Beulah Bondi, and Lee Patrick."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "In 1949, Herb Stein of Daily Variety wrote \"Wisconsin is the seventh state to institute reforms in its mental hospitals as a result of The Snake Pit."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "This is a very difficult claim to verify because few of the bills introduced, regulations changed or funding increases implemented specifically mentioned The Snake Pit as a motivating factor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel was adapted for the screen by Frank Partos and Millen Brand, in screen credits order, and Arthur Laurents (uncredited)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dr. Kik, learning of this, has Virginia returned to Level One, but away from Nurse Davis's care."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Virginia moves to the lowest level (One), where she encounters Nurse Davis, the only truly abusive nurse in the hospital."
}
] |
The Snake Pit stems from a gripping film based on a novel illustrating a number of insane people.
| 0 | 0 |
The Snake Pit
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story follows the Parr family as they try to restore the public's trust in superheroes while balancing their family life, only to combat a new foe who seeks to turn the populace against all superheroes."
}
] |
DpqO4m3qbqfSPZnVyXVl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "In April 2018, early box office projections had Incredibles 2 grossing $110 million in its opening weekend in the United States and Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Incredibles 2 is a 2018 American computer-animated superhero film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Evelyn explains that she has hated superheroes since Gazerbeam and Fironic failed to save her father when he was murdered by burglars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He attempted to distinguish the script from superhero films and superhero television series released since the first film, focusing on the family dynamic rather than the superhero genre."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Violet's love interest Tony Rydinger also discovers her superhero identity, forcing agent Rick Dicker to erase his memory of her."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story follows the Parr family as they try to restore the public's trust in superheroes while balancing their family life, only to combat a new foe who seeks to turn the populace against all superheroes."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "The previews set the record for an animated film, doubling Finding Dory's $9.2 million, and were higher than the likes of fellow superhero films"
},
{
"section_header": "Voice cast",
"text": "Mr. Incredible, the father of the family who possesses super strength and limited invulnerability. Holly Hunter as Helen Parr / Elastigirl, the mother of the family who has the ability to stretch her body into many shapes and forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Later, Tony accompanies Violet to a movie with the family."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "Christos Gage also wrote (with Jean Claudio-Vinci as illustrator) another series titled Incredibles 2: Secret Identities."
}
] |
The Incredibles 2 is an anime movie about the adventures of a superhero family and the father is the President of the United States who has to hide his superhero identity.
| 1 | 3 |
Incredibles 2
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Bert Tinker (July 27, 1880 – July 27, 1948) was an American professional baseball player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Tinker was born in Muscotah, Kansas."
}
] |
DqH59ScXhqmgPmIiEWWs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Career summary",
"text": "Despite being just an average hitter, batting .268 for his career in an era of high batting averages, Tinker had a good amount of success against fellow Hall of Famer Christy Mathewson, batting .350 against the Hall of Fame pitcher over his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "Murphy named Evers the new manager of the Cubs for the 1913 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "However, his fortunes began to change in 1926, when the stock market receded and the 1926 Miami hurricane damaged significant areas of South Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "In the game characterized by Merkle's Boner, Tinker hit an inside-the-park home run against Christy Mathewson of the New York Giants, prior to Fred Merkle's baserunning gaffe."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Bert Tinker (July 27, 1880 – July 27, 1948) was an American professional baseball player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Tinker was born in Muscotah, Kansas."
}
] |
"Tinker" is actually not Joe's last name, it is Studdenbakker but he changed it so that he would not be subject to prejudice against german immigrants.
| 0 | 0 |
Joe Tinker
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | UEFA European Championship",
"text": "England's greatest achievements at the UEFA European Championship have been to finish in third place in 1968 and 1996."
}
] |
DqL2OaBQS8QRZB6pZS6q
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "The England national football team is the joint-oldest in the world; it was formed at the same time as Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England is the oldest national team in football."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The England national football team represents England in men's international football and is governed by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | UEFA European Championship",
"text": "England hosted Euro 96, and have qualified for nine UEFA European Championship finals tournaments, tied for fourth best by number of appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | UEFA European Championship",
"text": "England's greatest achievements at the UEFA European Championship have been to finish in third place in 1968 and 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The national team is one of eight national teams to have won at least one FIFA World Cup title."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Crest",
"text": "The motif of the England national football team has three lions passant guardant, the emblem of King Richard I, who reigned from 1189 to 1199."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since first entering in 1964, England have never won the UEFA European Championship, with their best performances being third-place finishes in 1968 and 1996, the latter as hosts."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record",
"text": "As of 2 September 2019 For the all-time record of the national team against opposing nations, see the team's all-time record page"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It competes in the three major international tournaments; the FIFA World Cup, the UEFA European Championship and the UEFA Nations League."
}
] |
The England national football team has won the UEFA championship numerous times.
| 0 | 0 |
England national football team
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Premieres",
"text": "The world premiere of the movie was on September 23, 1969, at the Roger Sherman Theater, in New Haven, Connecticut."
}
] |
DqvgQwJBJ3HSIQu5IuXA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Butch and Sundance kill the bandits, the first time Butch has ever shot someone."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "1979 Butch and Sundance: The Early Days, a prequel, was released starring Tom Berenger as Butch Cassidy and William Katt as the Sundance Kid."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Butch suggests \"going straight\", and he and Sundance land their first honest job as payroll guards for a mining company."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "William Goldman first came across the story of Butch Cassidy in the late 1950s and researched intermittently for eight years before starting to write the screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and nominations",
"text": "The Academy Film Archive preserved Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid in 1998.Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid was selected by the American Film Institute as the 7th greatest Western of all time in the AFI's 10 Top 10 list in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid were ranked 20th greatest heroes on \"AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Premieres",
"text": "The world premiere of the movie was on September 23, 1969, at the Roger Sherman Theater, in New Haven, Connecticut."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid is a 1969 American Western film directed by George Roy Hill and written by William Goldman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid was selected by the American Film Institute as the 7th greatest Western of all time in the AFI's 10 Top 10 list in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Adjusted for inflation, Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid ranks as the 34th top-grossing film of all time and in the top 10 for its decade, due in part to subsequent re-releases."
}
] |
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance was first shown in Connecticut.
| 1 | 3 |
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Can't Be Tamed and focus on acting",
"text": "Cyrus released her final soundtrack as \"Hannah Montana\" that October; it was a commercial failure."
}
] |
Dr5gNSVGaF6M5xF28Eu9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Can't Be Tamed and focus on acting",
"text": "Cyrus released her final soundtrack as \"Hannah Montana\" that October; it was a commercial failure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She is one of the most successful entertainers in adulthood who originated as a child star."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "The success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a \"teen idol\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "The film was a critical and commercial success earning her a Golden Globe nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "While initially intended to be a limited release, the film's success led to a longer run."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "In March 2009, Cyrus released \"The Climb\" (2009) as a single from the soundtrack to the Hannah Montana feature film."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "She released her fourth soundtrack as \"Hannah Montana\" in July 2009, which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "The song was a commercial success, and has sold over two million copies in the United States since its release."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "Cyrus embarked on her highly successful Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08) to promote its release."
}
] |
Cyrus's soundtrack "Hannah Montana" was a huge success.
| 1 | 4 |
Miley Cyrus
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Bligh reached England in April 1790, the Admiralty despatched HMS Pandora to apprehend the mutineers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fourteen were captured in Tahiti and imprisoned on board Pandora, which then searched without success for Christian's party that had hidden on Pitcairn Island."
}
] |
DrYN1wHix7OkYRlXKVHB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Mutiny | Bounty under Christian",
"text": "Bounty arrived at Tubuai on 28 May 1789."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The mutiny on the Royal Navy vessel HMS Bounty occurred in the south Pacific on 28 April 1789."
},
{
"section_header": "Retribution | HMS Pandora mission",
"text": "In November 1790, the Admiralty despatched the frigate HMS Pandora under Captain Edward Edwards to capture the mutineers and return them to England to stand trial."
},
{
"section_header": "Expedition | Tahiti",
"text": "Many led promiscuous lives among the native women—altogether, 18 officers and men, including Christian, received treatment for venereal infections—while others took regular partners."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After three weeks back at sea, Christian and others forced Bligh from the ship."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Bligh reached England in April 1790, the Admiralty despatched HMS Pandora to apprehend the mutineers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After turning back towards England, Pandora ran aground on the Great Barrier Reef, with the loss of 31 crew and four prisoners from Bounty."
},
{
"section_header": "Mutiny | Seizure",
"text": "The 25 men remaining on Bounty included the committed mutineers who had taken up arms, the loyalists detained against their will, and others for whom there was no room in the launch."
},
{
"section_header": "Retribution | HMS Pandora mission",
"text": "On 5 April 1792, they embarked for England on a British warship, HMS Gorgon, and arrived at Portsmouth on 19 June."
},
{
"section_header": "Pitcairn | Settlement",
"text": "After leaving Tahiti on 22 September 1789, Christian sailed Bounty west in search of a safe haven."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fourteen were captured in Tahiti and imprisoned on board Pandora, which then searched without success for Christian's party that had hidden on Pitcairn Island."
}
] |
After the mutiny of the HMS Bounty in 1789, some of the mutineers took off in Tahiti while others went back to England.
| 0 | 0 |
Mutiny on the Bounty
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Most Free Soilers joined the Republican Party, which emerged as the dominant political party in the United States in the subsequent Third Party System (1856–1894)."
}
] |
DryuVFSpF7XZnbL0FUHA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The party was largely focused on the single issue of opposing the expansion of slavery into the western territories of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Free Soilers in the Republican Party",
"text": "In 1865, the Civil War came to an end with the surrender of the Confederacy, and the United States abolished slavery nationwide by ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Free Soil Party was a short-lived coalition political party in the United States active from 1848 to 1854, when it merged into the Republican Party."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation of the Republican Party",
"text": "The 1856 Republican National Convention convened in Philadelphia in June 1856."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Most Free Soilers joined the Republican Party, which emerged as the dominant political party in the United States in the subsequent Third Party System (1856–1894)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation of the Free Soil Party | Wilmot Proviso",
"text": "Unlike some Northern Whigs, Wilmot and other anti-slavery Democrats were largely unconcerned by the issue of racial equality, and instead opposed the expansion of slavery because they believed the institution was detrimental to the \"laboring white man."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1852 presidential election",
"text": "In the aftermath of the decisive defeat of the Whigs, many Free Soil leaders predicted an impending realignment that would result in the formation of a larger anti-slavery party that would unite Free Soilers, Whigs, and Democrats."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation of the Republican Party",
"text": "With the collapse of the Whig Party, the 1856 presidential election became a three-sided contest between Democrats, Know Nothings, and Republicans."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation of the Republican Party",
"text": "Most victorious congressional candidates who were not affiliated with the Democratic Party had campaigned either independently of the Whig Party or in fusion with another party. \" Bleeding Kansas\", a struggle between anti-slavery and pro-slavery settlers for control of Kansas Territory, escalated in 1855 and 1856, pushing many moderate Northerners to join the nascent Republican Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Free Soilers in the Republican Party",
"text": "Like their Free Soil predecessors, Republican leaders in the late 1850s generally did not call for the abolition of slavery, but instead sought to prevent the extension of slavery into the territories."
}
] |
The United States party the Free Soil Party wanted to stop the expansion of slavery and the party would be taken into the Republican Party after 1856.
| 0 | 0 |
Free Soil Party
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon joining the Cardinals, Smith helped the team win the 1982 World Series."
}
] |
Drz0UJg9kz2IpYpg05Ix
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon joining the Cardinals, Smith helped the team win the 1982 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "Just as Herzog had predicted when he told Smith the Cardinals would win the pennant with him on the team, Smith found himself as the team's starting shortstop in the best-of-seven 1982 World Series against the Milwaukee Brewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1987–1990",
"text": "The 1987 World Series matched the Cardinals against the American League champion Minnesota Twins."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996",
"text": "The Cardinals then swept the series by winning Game 3 in San Diego."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "After the World Series championship, Smith and the Cardinals agreed on a new contract in January 1983 that paid Smith $1 million per year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "Smith later participated in the postseason for the first time when the Cardinals faced the Atlanta Braves in the best-of-five 1982 National League Championship Series (NLCS)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1987–1990",
"text": "The Cardinals earned a postseason berth with 95 wins, and subsequently faced the San Francisco Giants in the 1987 National League Championship Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1985–1986",
"text": "After Smith's teammate Jack Clark hit a late-inning home run of his own in Game 6 to defeat the Dodgers, the Cardinals moved on to face the Kansas City Royals in the 1985 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1996",
"text": "After sitting out Game 1, Smith got the start in Game 2 at Busch Stadium, helping his team go up two games in the series by notching a run, a hit and two walks at the plate, along with an assist and a putout in the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When conflict with Padres' ownership developed, he was traded to the Cardinals for shortstop Garry Templeton in 1982."
}
] |
Ozzie Smith helped the Cardinals win the 1982 World Series.
| 1 | 5 |
Ozzie Smith
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Nature of the 1892 strike",
"text": "The Homestead strike was organized and purposeful, a harbinger of the type of strike which marked the modern age of labor relations in the United States."
}
] |
DsaprNmzsEvtWZpXxqy1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Calls for state intervention",
"text": "He knew that the more chaotic the situation became, the more likely it was that Governor Robert E. Pattison would call out the state militia."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempted assassination and collapse of the strike",
"text": "Frick refused. Frick, too, needed a way out of the strike."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkerton surrender",
"text": "More than 5,000 men—most of them armed mill hands from the nearby South Side, Braddock and Duquesne works—arrived at the Homestead plant."
},
{
"section_header": "Arrival of the state militia",
"text": "But once emotions had died down, Pattison felt the need to act."
},
{
"section_header": "Nature of the 1892 strike",
"text": "The Homestead strike was organized and purposeful, a harbinger of the type of strike which marked the modern age of labor relations in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Nature of the 1892 strike",
"text": "The AA strike at the Homestead steel mill in 1892 was different from previous large-scale strikes in American history such as the Great railroad strike of 1877 or the Great Southwest Railroad Strike of 1886."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkerton surrender",
"text": "At 10:15 p.m., the two sides agreed to a transfer process."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkerton surrender",
"text": "At 4:00 p.m., events at the mill quickly began to wind down."
},
{
"section_header": "Arrival of the state militia",
"text": "The company quickly brought in strikebreakers and restarted production under the protection of the militia."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkerton surrender",
"text": "With heads uncovered, to distinguish them from the mill hands, they passed along between two rows of guards armed with Winchesters."
}
] |
The Homestead Strike was an emotional and chaotic process that got out of hand quickly.
| 1 | 4 |
Homestead Strike
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is based on Margaret Landon's novel, Anna and the King of Siam (1944), which is in turn derived from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s."
}
] |
Dt1WrcsHagz9DkieGvJ8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "The musical's most radical change from the novel was to have the King die at the end of the musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Early revivals",
"text": "Wyngarde \"too fragile to be capable of inspiring unholy terror\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "Holtzmann agreed that a musical based on Anna and the King of Siam would be ideal for her client, who purchased the rights to adapt the novel for the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is based on Margaret Landon's novel, Anna and the King of Siam (1944), which is in turn derived from the memoirs of Anna Leonowens, governess to the children of King Mongkut of Siam in the early 1860s."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "Nevertheless, the King is presented more sympathetically in the musical than in the novel or the 1946 film, as the musical omits the torture and burning at the stake of Lady Tuptim and her partner."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act 2",
"text": "The play (\"Small House of Uncle Thomas\", narrated ballet) is presented in a Siamese ballet-inspired dance."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "Rodgers and Hammerstein had disliked Landon's novel as a basis for a musical when it was published, and their views still held."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Renshaw's production: 1991 to 2002",
"text": "According to Renshaw, \"The reds and golds were very much inspired by what we saw at the royal palace\", and set and costume elements reflected images, architecture and other designs in the palace and elsewhere in Bangkok."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "In fact, both Dorothy Rodgers and Dorothy Hammerstein had read the novel in 1944 and had urged their husbands to consider it as a possible subject for a musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation",
"text": "In 1950, British actress Gertrude Lawrence's business manager and attorney, Fanny Holtzmann, was looking for a new vehicle for her client when the 1944 Margaret Landon novel Anna and the King of Siam (a fictionalized version of Leonowens' experiences) was sent to her by Landon's agent."
}
] |
The King and I was inspired from a novel.
| 1 | 3 |
The King and I
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The work has never been out of print, and it has been translated into at least 97 languages."
}
] |
Dt3ehHbQO5SDWEfY2VXG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The book has never been out of print."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The first print run of 2,000 was held back because Tenniel objected to the print quality."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "entire print run sold out quickly."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The work has never been out of print, and it has been translated into at least 97 languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Some printings of this title contain both Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "With some effort, Alice brings herself back to her normal height."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Manuscript: Alice's Adventures Under Ground",
"text": "The girls and Dodgson took another boat trip a month later when he elaborated the plot to the story of Alice, and in November he began working on the manuscript in earnest."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing style and themes | Mathematics",
"text": "Alice also ponders what it means when the changing of seats around the circular table places them back at the beginning."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | \"All in the golden afternoon...\"",
"text": "The poem might be a confusion or even another Alice-tale, for it turns out that particular day was cool, cloudy and rainy."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues."
}
] |
Alice in Wonderland was out of print for a few months back in 1900.
| 0 | 0 |
Alice in Wonderland
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Harris ended his long MLB career as a scout for the White Sox (1961–1962) and special assistant for the new expansion Washington Senators franchise that played in D.C. from 1961 to 1971 before moving on to Arlington, Texas."
}
] |
DtCHRB5ZLOimLp57Auoy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Managing career after 1925 | Senators, Tigers, Red Sox and Phillies (1926–1943)",
"text": "But Harris's stay in the Boston dugout lasted only one season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "While Harris played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Detroit Tigers, it was his long managerial career that led to his enshrinement in the Baseball Hall of Fame, elected as a manager by the Veterans Committee, in 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stanley Raymond \"Bucky\" Harris (November 8, 1896 – November 8, 1977) was an American professional baseball second baseman, manager and executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career after 1925 | Senators, Tigers, Red Sox and Phillies (1926–1943)",
"text": "Harris then took Cronin's old job, returning to Clark Griffith and the Senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career after 1925 | Senators, Tigers, Red Sox and Phillies (1926–1943)",
"text": "Harris's friends, outraged at his firing, informed Commissioner of Baseball Kenesaw Mountain Landis that Cox was violating baseball's anti-gambling mandate."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "In 1924, he was named player-manager; at the age of 27 he was the youngest manager in the Majors."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "They were the last of the 16 pre-expansion teams to integrate."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "Harris then caught on with the Scranton Miners, Norfolk Tars and Reading Pretzels through 1917, before reaching the highest level of minor league baseball with the 1918–1919 Buffalo Bisons of the International League."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bucky Harris left school at age 13 to work at a local colliery, the Butler Mine, as an office boy and, later, a weigh master."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Harris's dismissal followed not quite four months later."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Harris ended his long MLB career as a scout for the White Sox (1961–1962) and special assistant for the new expansion Washington Senators franchise that played in D.C. from 1961 to 1971 before moving on to Arlington, Texas."
}
] |
Bucky Harris's last job with Major League Baseball was as a manager for Boston.
| 0 | 0 |
Bucky Harris
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "An American film titled The Seagull went into production in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Christian Camargo directed a 2014 film adaptation of the play, titled Days and Nights, set in rural New England during the 1980s."
}
] |
DuXQGJGLTPTUhjBSHwXu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The play was also adapted as the Russian film The Seagull in 1970."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "An American film titled The Seagull went into production in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Christian Camargo directed a 2014 film adaptation of the play, titled Days and Nights, set in rural New England during the 1980s."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "A contemporary Afrikaans-language film adaptation directed by Christiaan Olwagen, titled Die Seemeeu, debuted at the Kyknet Silwerskermfees on 23 August 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Sidney Lumet's 1968 film The Sea Gull used Moura Budberg's translation."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The film starred Camargo, William Hurt, Allison Janney, Katie Holmes, Mark Rylance, and Juliet Rylance."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The 2003 film La petite Lili from director Claude Miller, starring Ludivine Sagnier as Nina renamed Lili, updates Chekhov's play to contemporary France in the world of the cinema."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "He did this to explore the ideas of liminal space and time."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism",
"text": "There are many allusions to Shakespearean plot details as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "Emily Mann wrote and directed an adaptation called A Seagull in the Hamptons."
}
] |
The Seagull has been adapted to film many times.
| 0 | 0 |
The Seagull
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Distillation is an effective and traditional method of desalination."
}
] |
Duchfwmcj0ZfSfGcRsq0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Idealized distillation model",
"text": "Although there are computational methods that can be used to estimate the behavior of a mixture of arbitrary components, the only way to obtain accurate vapor–liquid equilibrium data is by measurement."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Chemists reportedly carried out as many as 500 to 600 distillations in order to obtain a pure compound."
},
{
"section_header": "Industrial distillation",
"text": "Liquids tend to wet the surface of the packing and the vapors pass across this wetted surface, where mass transfer takes place."
},
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Components other than ethanol, including water, esters, and other alcohols, are collected in the condensate, which account for the flavor of the beverage."
},
{
"section_header": "Industrial distillation | Multi-effect distillation",
"text": "The number of effects is inversely proportional to the kW·h/m3 of water recovered figure, and refers to the volume of water recovered per unit of energy compared with single-effect distillation."
},
{
"section_header": "Azeotropic distillation",
"text": "For example, to purify ethanol beyond 95%, a drying agent (or desiccant, such as potassium carbonate) can be added to convert the soluble water into insoluble water of crystallization."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "Typically the vacuum is generated by a water aspirator or a membrane pump."
},
{
"section_header": "Azeotropic distillation",
"text": "Immiscible liquids, such as water and toluene, easily form azeotropes."
},
{
"section_header": "Azeotropic distillation",
"text": "For example, ethyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope of 95.6% at 78.1 °C."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Distilled water has been in use since at least c. 200, when Alexander of Aphrodisias described the process."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Distillation is an effective and traditional method of desalination."
}
] |
Distillation is not a worthwhile way to take mineral components out of saline water.
| 0 | 0 |
Distillation
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He was 45 years of age at the time of his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He died in his home at 10 Walsingham Terrace, Hove (now replaced by Dorset Court, Kingsway) on 6 October 1891 of pneumonia and in the arms of his wife Katharine."
}
] |
DuqbTuvzOQTgeB0dGz3e
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Charles Stewart Parnell was born in Avondale House, County Wicklow."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Charles Stewart Parnell possessed the remarkable attribute of charisma, was an enigmatic personality and politically gifted, and is regarded as one of the most extraordinary figures in Irish and British politics."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Thus, from birth, Charles Stewart Parnell possessed an extraordinary number of links to many elements of society; he was linked to the old Irish Parliamentary tradition via his great-grandfather and grandfather, to the American War of Independence via his grandfather, to the War of 1812 (where his grandfather Charles Stewart (1778–1869) had been awarded a gold medal by the United States Congress for gallantry in the U.S. Navy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Political downfall | Undaunted defiance",
"text": "Parnell fought on furiously but he was a dying man at age 45."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the third son and seventh child of John Henry Parnell (1811–1859), a wealthy Anglo-Irish Anglican landowner, and his American wife Delia Tudor Stewart (1816–1898) of Bordentown, New Jersey, daughter of the American naval hero, Admiral Charles Stewart (the stepson of one of George Washington's bodyguards)."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He was 45 years of age at the time of his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Stewart Parnell (27 June 1846 – 6 October 1891) was an Irish nationalist politician who served as Leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party from 1882 to 1891 and Leader of the Home Rule League from 1880 to 1882."
},
{
"section_header": "Portrayal in fiction",
"text": "In Knut Hamsun's 1892 novel Mysteries, the characters, on a couple of occasions, briefly discuss Charles Stewart Parnell, particularly in relation to Gladstone: \"Dr. Stenerson had a high opinion of Parnell, but if Gladstone was so opposed to him, he must know what he was about—with apologies to the host, Mr. Nagel, who couldn't forgive Gladstone for being an honourable man\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Parnell's personal complexities or his perception of a need for political expediency to his goal permitted him to condone the radical republican and atheist Charles Bradlaugh, while he associated himself with the hierarchy of the Catholic Church."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Dublin has locations named Parnell Street and Parnell Square."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He died in his home at 10 Walsingham Terrace, Hove (now replaced by Dorset Court, Kingsway) on 6 October 1891 of pneumonia and in the arms of his wife Katharine."
}
] |
Charles Stewart Parnell was dispatched by illness of the lungs at the age of forty-five.
| 0 | 2 |
Charles Stewart Parnell
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Green Day has sold more than 90 million records worldwide making them one of the highest-selling artists of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Green Day has sold more than 85 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time."
}
] |
Duun1mkcW3s70yfZIGSd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The band's 1992 album Kerplunk is one of the best selling independent albums of all time, selling over 4.5 million worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Green Day has sold more than 85 million records worldwide, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st Century Breakdown and American Idiot's stage adaptation (2007–2010)",
"text": "Green Day went on a world tour that started in North America in July 2009 and continuing around the world throughout the rest of 2009 and early 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "History | American Idiot and renewed success (2003–2006)",
"text": "The album went on to sell 6 million copies in the US.In 2005, American Idiot won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Album and was nominated in six other categories including Album of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Green Day has sold more than 90 million records worldwide making them one of the highest-selling artists of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Revolution Radio, new greatest hits compilation (2015–2017)",
"text": "The band went on a world tour supporting the album."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Breakthrough success (Dookie and Insomniac, 1994–1996)",
"text": "The album went on to sell over 10 million copies in the US."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Green Day's seventh album, a rock opera called American Idiot (2004), found popularity with a younger generation, selling six million copies in the U.S."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Middle years and decline in commercial success (Nimrod and Warning, 1997–2002)",
"text": "In 2000, Green Day released its sixth studio album Warning."
},
{
"section_header": "Related projects",
"text": "Green Day has also released an album titled Stop Drop and Roll!!!"
}
] |
Green Day is the best at selling albums since the world has existed.
| 0 | 0 |
Green Day
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Dutch universities have a tuition fee of about 2,000 euros a year for students from the Netherlands and the European Union."
}
] |
DvTA1zGzsgGEtrHK4n9B
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "The HBO (higher professional education) are universities of professional education (applied sciences) that award professional bachelor's degrees; similar to polytechnic degrees."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Dutch universities have a tuition fee of about 2,000 euros a year for students from the Netherlands and the European Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Education in the Netherlands is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "The MBO (middle-level applied education) is a form of education primarily focuses on teaching a practical trade, or a vocational degree."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Based on an aptitude test, the eighth grade teacher's recommendation and the opinion of the pupil's parents or caretakers, a choice is made for one of the three main streams of secondary education."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "The amount is about 10,000 euros for non-EU students."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Colonial heritage",
"text": "Leiden University and in particular KITLV are educational and scientific institutions that to this day share both an intellectual and historical interest in Indonesian studies."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "Universities offer of a three-year bachelor's degree, followed by a one or two year master's degree, which in turn can be followed by a four or five-year doctoral degree program."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Language",
"text": "In most lower level secondary school educations (vmbo), one additional modern foreign language is mandatory during the first two years."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "According to Dutch Central Statistics Bureau, in 2015, 28 percent of the Dutch population had a spendable income above 45,000 euros (which does not include spending on health care or education)."
}
] |
Most higher educational institutions in Netherlands only charge educational fees around two thousand euros.
| 1 | 6 |
Netherlands
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Covering an area of 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), it is the largest country in the world by area, spanning more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, stretching eleven time zones, and bordering 16 sovereign nations."
}
] |
DwTzkJXwGMqtFU9FGB74
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy",
"text": "The country has the world's largest natural gas reserves, the 8th largest oil reserves, and the second largest coal reserves."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Military",
"text": "Russia has the largest stockpile of nuclear weapons in the world, the second-largest fleet of ballistic missile submarines, and the only modern strategic bomber force outside the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Islam is the second largest religion in Russia after Russian Orthodoxy."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Russia is the largest country in the world; its total area is 17,075,200 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy",
"text": "Russia is the third largest electricity producer in the world and the 5th largest renewable energy producer, the latter because of the well-developed hydroelectricity production in the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy",
"text": "Russia is the world's leading natural gas exporter and second largest natural gas producer, while also the largest oil exporter and the largest oil producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "This ranks it as the country with the second most attractive personal tax system for single managers in the world after the United Arab Emirates."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Russia ranks as the second-most corrupt country in Europe (after Ukraine), according to the Corruption Perceptions Index."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "Russia has the world's largest forest reserves, known as \"the lungs of Europe\", second only to the Amazon Rainforest in the amount of carbon dioxide it absorbs."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Military",
"text": "Russia's tank force is the largest in the world, while its surface navy and air force are among the largest."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Covering an area of 17,125,200 square kilometres (6,612,100 sq mi), it is the largest country in the world by area, spanning more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, stretching eleven time zones, and bordering 16 sovereign nations."
}
] |
Russia is the second largest country in the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Russia
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Recognized as the first great slugger in baseball history, and among the greatest sluggers of his era, he held the record for career home runs from 1887 to 1889, with his final total of 106 tying for the fourth most of the 19th century."
}
] |
Dx0MQR31ynqdmro2eshO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Troy",
"text": "Brouthers lost 16–0, and within two weeks he was released from the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was also an active players' union member, and was elected vice president of the Brotherhood of Professional Base Ball Players."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dennis Joseph \"Dan\" Brouthers (; May 8, 1858 – August 2, 1932) was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball whose career spanned the period from 1879 to 1896, with a brief return in 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "Brouthers only played in one of those games, getting two hits in three at bats."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "During the off-season, on November 11, 1886, The Executive Council of the Brotherhood of Professional Base Ball Players‚ formed in 1885 as the first organized players' union, met and re-elected John Montgomery Ward as president, and elected Brouthers as vice president."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Big Dan\" for his size, he was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) and weighed 207 pounds (94 kg), which was large by 19th-century standards."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "The team's decline is attributed to prolonged injuries sustained by key players, while turmoil that unfolded concerning veteran stars' salary demands, and with falling attendance numbers, the club was forced to fold at the season's end."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Troy",
"text": "He hit well enough in the minors to get another shot with the Trojans, which lasted just three games when he had only two hits in 12 at bats, and he was released again."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "On September 10, 1886, Brouthers hit three home runs‚ along with a double and a single, to set the NL record with 15 total bases in one game."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Later career",
"text": "For the 1893 season, he played in only 77 of the team's games, but did well, hitting .337."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Recognized as the first great slugger in baseball history, and among the greatest sluggers of his era, he held the record for career home runs from 1887 to 1889, with his final total of 106 tying for the fourth most of the 19th century."
}
] |
Dan Brouthers was noted for being really, really good at hitting the ball with his wooden sports club.
| 0 | 0 |
Dan Brouthers
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Alternative productions, tribute and parody",
"text": "An operatic adaptation of the play has been produced by Shanghai's Hangzhou XiaoBaiHua Yue Opera House."
}
] |
Dx2m5UNOqGC5X5Tc2rmt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Tony Award-winning director Ivo van Hove made his National Theatre debut in London with a period-less production of Ibsen's masterpiece."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Performance of a production of the play, as translated and directed by Vahid Rahbani, was stopped in Tehran, Iran in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Robins also played Hedda in the first US production, which opened on 30 March 1898 at the Fifth Avenue Theatre, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play was staged in 2015 at Madrid's María Guerrero."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play has been staged since May 2019 in the National Theatre, Warsaw."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The production, which received mixed reviews, was directed by Eduardo Vasco and presented a text that was adapted by the Spanish playwright Yolanda Pallín with Cayetana Guillén Cuervo playing the lead role."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Thompson adapted the play a second time in 2005 at Buddies in Bad Times Theatre in Toronto, setting the first half of the play in the nineteenth century, and the second half during the present day."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play was staged at Chicago's Steppenwolf Theater starring actress Martha Plimpton."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play is having a worldwide tour with the Theatricalia company up until the summer of 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternative productions, tribute and parody",
"text": "In the Netflix animated show, \"Bojack Horseman,\" an episode features the main character putting on a stage production while in prison with inmates playing the roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternative productions, tribute and parody",
"text": "An operatic adaptation of the play has been produced by Shanghai's Hangzhou XiaoBaiHua Yue Opera House."
}
] |
No-one yet has made this depressing play into a musical production.
| 1 | 4 |
Hedda Gabler
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dick Tracy is an American comic strip featuring Dick Tracy (originally Plainclothes Tracy), a tough and intelligent police detective created by Chester Gould."
}
] |
Dx5Y2GCS79S8cnOXgEOZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In other media | Rights to adapt in other media",
"text": "Warren Beatty announced plans to make a sequel to his 1990 movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dick Tracy has also been the hero in a number of films, including Dick Tracy in which Warren Beatty played the lead in 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Film | 1990 film",
"text": "In 1990, Warren Beatty directed and starred as the title character in a live action all-star-cast film along with Al Pacino, Dustin Hoffman, and Madonna."
},
{
"section_header": "Comic strip | Later years",
"text": "Vitamin Flintheart reappeared occasionally as a comic-relief figure, the aged ham actor created by Gould in 1944 who had not been seen in the strip for almost three decades."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Rights to adapt in other media",
"text": "In May 2005, Beatty sued the Tribune Company, claiming he has owned the rights to the Dick Tracy character since 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dick Tracy is an American comic strip featuring Dick Tracy (originally Plainclothes Tracy), a tough and intelligent police detective created by Chester Gould."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Rights to adapt in other media",
"text": "Pressure from Beatty led to the cancellation of a proposed collaboration between artist Mike Oeming and writer Brian Bendis on a new serialized Dick Tracy comic."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Rights to adapt in other media",
"text": "The lawsuit was resolved in Beatty's favor, with a US District judge ruling that Beatty did everything contractually required of him to keep the rights to the character."
},
{
"section_header": "Comic strip | 1970s",
"text": "At this time, the standard publication size and space of newspaper comics was sharply reduced; for example, the Dick Tracy Sunday strip, which had traditionally been a full-page episode containing 12 panels, was cut in size to a half-page format that offered, at most, eight panels—these new restrictions created challenges for all comic artists."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Television | First live-action series",
"text": "Produced by P. K. Palmer, who also wrote many of the scripts, the series often featured Gould-created villains such as Flattop, Shaky, the Mole, Breathless Mahoney, Heels Beals, and Influence, all of whom appeared on film for the first time on this series."
}
] |
The comic was created by Warren Beatty.
| 2 | 3 |
Dick Tracy
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a state of total war, directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources."
}
] |
Dxqp7oiPl7KbiSI6JMvT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a state of total war, directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 30 countries, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "Most suggest that some 60 million people died in the war, including about 20 million military personnel and 40 million civilians."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War II (WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Home fronts and production",
"text": "To improve their production, Germany and Japan used millions of slave labourers; Germany used about 12 million people, mostly from Eastern Europe, while Japan used more than 18 million people in Far East Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "In Asia and the Pacific, between 3 million and more than 10 million civilians, mostly Chinese (estimated at 7.5 million), were killed by the Japanese occupation forces."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "The Soviet Union alone lost around 27 million people during the war, including 8.7 million military and 19 million civilian deaths."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "An estimated 11 to 17 million civilians died as a direct or as an indirect result of Nazi racist policies, including mass killing of around 6 million Jews, along with Roma, homosexuals, at least 1.9 million ethnic Poles and millions of other Slavs (including Russians, Ukrainians and Belarusians), and other ethnic and minority groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "Also, more than 100,000 Poles were massacred by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in the Volhynia massacres, between 1943 and 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tens of millions of people died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), premeditated death from starvation, massacres, and disease."
}
] |
World War II lasted from 1939 to 1945 directly involving more than 100 million people from more than 40 countries, resulting in 70 to 85 million fatalities.
| 0 | 0 |
World War II
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, Brett was the youngest of four sons of a sports-minded family which included Ken, the second oldest, a major league pitcher who pitched in the 1967 World Series at age 19."
}
] |
Dyrnye5qtEv5b5T95Lcs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Howard Brett (born May 15, 1953) is an American former professional baseball player who played 21 years, primarily as a third baseman, in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball activities",
"text": "Series creator Joel Church-Cooper said in a statement, \"When I created a show about a fake Kansas City legend, Jim Brockmire, I thought it only appropriate to have him worship the biggest Kansas City legend of them all -- George Brett."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1980",
"text": "Brett's batting average was at or above .400"
},
{
"section_header": "The Mendoza Line",
"text": "George Brett is credited with coining the term the Mendoza Line."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame",
"text": "Brett's No. 5 was retired by the Royals on May 14, 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "George grew up hoping to follow in the footsteps of his three older brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1980",
"text": "Brett's 1980 batting average of .390 is second only to Tony Gwynn's 1994 average of .394 (Gwynn played in 110 games and had 419 at-bats in the strike-shortened season, compared to Brett's 449 at bats in 1980) for the highest single season batting average since 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball activities",
"text": "He also runs a baseball equipment and glove company named Brett Bros. with Bobby and, until his death, Ken Brett."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball activities",
"text": "He also threw out the ceremonial first pitch to Mike Napoli at the 2012 Major League Baseball All-Star Game."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Although his three older brothers were born in Brooklyn, George was born in the northern panhandle of West Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, Brett was the youngest of four sons of a sports-minded family which included Ken, the second oldest, a major league pitcher who pitched in the 1967 World Series at age 19."
}
] |
George Brett's siblings also played baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
George Brett
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "On 30 June 2017, he married Roccuzzo at a luxury hotel named Hotel City Center in Rosario with about 260 guests attending his wedding."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "On 10 March 2018, Messi skipped the match against Málaga after Ciro was born."
}
] |
Dz1zcXeV16pjUYoMAS5R
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "Messi and Roccuzzo have three sons: Thiago (born 2012), Mateo (born 2015) and Ciro (born 2018)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "Since 2008, Messi has been in a relationship with Antonella Roccuzzo, a fellow native of Rosario."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "He has known Roccuzzo since he was five years old, as she is the cousin of his best friend since childhood, Lucas Scaglia, who is also a football player."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "On 30 June 2017, he married Roccuzzo at a luxury hotel named Hotel City Center in Rosario with about 260 guests attending his wedding."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "He missed training ahead of a match against Atlético Madrid to attend the birth of his second son, Mateo, on 11 September 2015 in Barcelona."
},
{
"section_header": "Club career | Barcelona | 2013–14: Messidependencia",
"text": "Messi continued to struggle with injury throughout 2013, eventually parting ways with his long-time personal physiotherapist."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "On 10 March 2018, Messi skipped the match against Málaga after Ciro was born."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Over time, Messi established himself as their leading brand endorser; from 2008, he had a long-running signature collection of Adidas F50 boots, and in 2015, he became the first footballer to receive his own sub-brand of Adidas boots, the Adidas Messi."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family and relationships",
"text": "Thiago was born in Barcelona on 2 November 2012, with Messi attending the birth after being given permission by Barcelona to miss training."
},
{
"section_header": "International career | 2019: Copa América",
"text": "On 21 May 2019, Messi was included in Lionel Scaloni's final 23-man Argentina squad for the 2019 Copa América."
}
] |
Lionel Messi had three sons, Thiago, Mateo, and Ciro, after he got married to his long time friend Antonella Roccuzzo.
| 1 | 4 |
Lionel Messi
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Hoagland, Ohio, in 1859, Ewing joined the National League in 1880 as a member of the Troy Trojans, but rose to stardom in 1883 as a member of the New York Gothams, later known as the Giants."
}
] |
E1DzuRz0YrtWzeJ67l6H
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In the 1947 film Life with Father, set in the late 1800s, Clarence Day's son Clarence, Jr. announces to everyone that the morning paper noted Buck Ewing had hit a home run for the Giants the day before."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William \"Buck\" Ewing (October 17, 1859 – October 20, 1906) was an American Major League Baseball player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Ewing was equally renowned for his defensive abilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Ewing was the man of whom it was said, \"He handed the ball to the second baseman from the batter's box."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Three years later, in 1939, they were among the first 19th century players elected and Ewing"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In the first elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame, Ewing and Cap Anson led all 19th century players."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "\" Primarily a catcher, Ewing was versatile enough to play all nine positions and fast enough to steal 354 bases."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Playing until 1897 with the Giants, Cleveland Spiders and Cincinnati Reds, Ewing posted consistently superb offensive numbers."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Ewing also was used as an American Association umpire for two games on June 28 and July 4, 1882.Ewing died of diabetes in Cincinnati in 1906."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1890, when a player revolt led to the formation of the short-lived Players' League, Ewing led the New York franchise as both star player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Hoagland, Ohio, in 1859, Ewing joined the National League in 1880 as a member of the Troy Trojans, but rose to stardom in 1883 as a member of the New York Gothams, later known as the Giants."
}
] |
Buck Ewing saw the day in Indiana.
| 0 | 0 |
Buck Ewing
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After 121 episodes and over 729 music performances, Glee came to an end on March 20, 2015."
}
] |
E1GWLpUNbyAMgTtNN53J
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glee (stylized in all lowercase) is an American musical comedy-drama television series that aired on the Fox network in the United States from May 19, 2009, to March 20, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After 121 episodes and over 729 music performances, Glee came to an end on March 20, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Film",
"text": "In Concert! tour and featuring the cast of the series in performance and backstage, was released in the United States and the United Kingdom on August 12, 2011, for a two-week limited engagement."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Music",
"text": "The show's 754 musical performances, with each performance delivering an individual song or a mashup of two or more songs in a single performance, have led to commercial success, with over thirty-six million copies of Glee cast single releases purchased digitally, and over eleven million albums purchased worldwide through October 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Promotion",
"text": "Macy's invited them to perform at the 2009 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, but host broadcaster NBC declined because Glee aired on a rival network."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcast | UK trademark dispute",
"text": "In the United Kingdom, E4 broadcast the first two seasons of Glee, showing episodes months after they were first aired in the US."
},
{
"section_header": "Related media",
"text": "Five's controller Richard Woolfe stated: \"There's an explosion in musical performance groups and Don't Stop Believing will tap into that exciting groundswell."
},
{
"section_header": "Related media",
"text": "Solo singers were also sought to join a group to represent the United Kingdom on the American glee club circuit."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Music",
"text": "The cast performance of \"Don't Stop Believin'\" was certified gold on October 13, 2009, achieving over 500,000 digital sales, and on March 16, 2011, received platinum certification for having sales of over a million."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview",
"text": "Artie has directed Tina in a film, Mercedes is a highly successful recording artist, and Sue has just been re-elected Vice President of the United States."
}
] |
Glee (stylized in all lowercase), an American musical comedy-drama television series that aired on the Fox network in the United States, had 121 episodes and over 729 music performances
| 0 | 0 |
Glee (TV series)
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Typology | Common attributes",
"text": "Another widespread belief concerning ghosts is that they are composed of a misty, airy, or subtle material."
}
] |
E1gylxWO1rz64t6mBrBb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Typology | Common attributes",
"text": "Ghosts are often depicted as being covered in a shroud and/or dragging chains."
},
{
"section_header": "By religion | Judaism and Christianity",
"text": "It supposedly leaves the host body once it has accomplished its goal, sometimes after being helped."
},
{
"section_header": "Typology | Common attributes",
"text": "Another widespread belief concerning ghosts is that they are composed of a misty, airy, or subtle material."
},
{
"section_header": "By religion | Judaism and Christianity",
"text": "Some Christian denominations consider ghosts as beings who while tied to earth, no longer live on the material plane and linger in an intermediate state before continuing their journey to heaven."
},
{
"section_header": "Depiction in the arts | Renaissance to Romanticism (1500 to 1840)",
"text": "These clanking ghosts being hoisted about the stage"
},
{
"section_header": "Depiction in the arts | Renaissance to Romanticism (1500 to 1840)",
"text": "Armor, being out-of-date by the time of the Renaissance, gave the stage ghost a sense of antiquity."
},
{
"section_header": "Typology | Locale",
"text": "Many cultures and religions believe the essence of a being, such as the 'soul', continues to exist."
},
{
"section_header": "Typology | Locale",
"text": "A place where ghosts are reported is described as haunted, and often seen as being inhabited by spirits of deceased who may have been former residents or were familiar with the property."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Classical Antiquity | Archaic and Classical Greece",
"text": "Ghosts in the classical world often appeared in the form of vapor or smoke, but at other times they were described as being substantial, appearing as they had been at the time of death, complete with the wounds that killed them."
},
{
"section_header": "By culture | South and Southeast Asia | Bengal and East India",
"text": "In Bengal, ghosts are believed to be the spirit after death of an unsatisfied human being or a soul of a person who dies in unnatural or abnormal circumstances (like murder, suicide or accident)."
}
] |
Ghosts are sometimes shown to be made of a misty material but are also represented by being covered in a shroud or with dragging chains.
| 1 | 2 |
Ghosts
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell."
}
] |
E2ARxQZZNOkA4evpDv7y
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Nuclei per cell | Anucleated cells",
"text": "The best-known anucleated cell is the mammalian red blood cell, or erythrocyte, which also lacks other organelles such as mitochondria, and serves primarily as a transport vessel to ferry oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues."
},
{
"section_header": "Structures",
"text": "The nucleus is the largest organelle in animal cells."
},
{
"section_header": "Function",
"text": "The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control center of the cell."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The nucleus was the first organelle to be discovered."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells."
},
{
"section_header": "Dynamics and regulation | Nuclear transport",
"text": "Specialized export proteins exist for translocation of mature mRNA and tRNA"
},
{
"section_header": "Dynamics and regulation | Assembly and disassembly",
"text": "The destruction of the lamin networks is controlled by specialized apoptotic proteases called caspases, which cleave the lamin proteins and, thus, degrade the nucleus' structural integrity."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The function of the nucleus as carrier of genetic information became clear only later, after mitosis was discovered and the Mendelian rules were rediscovered at the beginning of the 20th century; the chromosome theory of heredity was therefore developed."
},
{
"section_header": "Structures | Other nuclear bodies | Fougaro System",
"text": "The fougaro system (Greek; Fougaro, chimney) is a sub-organelle system in the nucleus that may be a mechanism to recycle or remove molecules from the cell to the external medium."
}
] |
Cell nucleus is a highly specialized organelle that serves as the information processing and administrative center of the neutron.
| 0 | 0 |
Cell nucleus
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1989–2003: Early life",
"text": "Her younger brother, Austin Kingsley Swift, is an actor."
}
] |
E2S98MvheZ2BZGUGeFn1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "Swift was the youngest artist to win Album of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2004–2008: Career beginnings and Taylor Swift",
"text": "With \"Our Song\", Swift became the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2008–2010: Fearless and acting",
"text": "Swift became the youngest artist to be named Entertainer of the Year by the Country Music Association (CMA)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2004–2008: Career beginnings and Taylor Swift",
"text": "\" Swift became the youngest artist signed by the Sony/ATV Tree publishing house but left the Sony-owned RCA Records at the age of 14."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "In 2015, Swift became the youngest woman to be included on Forbes' list of the 100 most powerful women, ranked at number 64."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2004–2008: Career beginnings and Taylor Swift",
"text": "She was one of the recipients of the Nashville Songwriters Association's Songwriter/Artist of the Year in 2007, becoming the youngest person to be honored with the title."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At age 14, she became the youngest artist signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house and, at age 15, she signed her first record deal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its third single, \"Our Song\", made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Billboard Country Airplay chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "As a songwriter, she has been honored by the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame, and was the youngest person included on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2004–2008: Career beginnings and Taylor Swift",
"text": "Swift won accolades for Taylor Swift."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1989–2003: Early life",
"text": "Her younger brother, Austin Kingsley Swift, is an actor."
}
] |
Swift is the youngest of her siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
Taylor Swift
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His family were all Lutheran Protestants in the Evangelical Church of Prussia, which since 1817 included both Calvinist and Lutheran parishioners."
}
] |
E2dYjMxCXOjG07IFpfQQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Paul was proud of his family and could trace ancestors back to 1289."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Ludwig Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Paul Ludwig Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "und von Hindenburg (listen), known simply as Paul von Hindenburg (German: [ˈpaʊl fɔn"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Analysis of Political Career & Cultural Impact",
"text": "After overseeing Germany's crushing victory at Tannenberg, Paul von Hindenburg became the center of a massive personality cult that persisted throughout his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Hitler becomes chancellor",
"text": "During the summer of 1934, Hindenburg grew increasingly alarmed at Nazi excesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "True to family tradition his father supported his family as an infantry officer; he retired as a major."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidential governments",
"text": "Hindenburg for his part grew increasingly annoyed with Brüning, complaining that he was growing tired of using Article 48"
},
{
"section_header": "Presidential governments",
"text": "The depression grew worse, unemployment was soaring, and now the constitutional system had been drastically shaken."
},
{
"section_header": "In the Republic | Second retirement",
"text": "Hindenburg was financially sustained by a fund set up by a group of admiring industrialists."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His family were all Lutheran Protestants in the Evangelical Church of Prussia, which since 1817 included both Calvinist and Lutheran parishioners."
}
] |
Paul von Hindenburg grew up in a catholic family.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul von Hindenburg
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The film switches to real photos and footage showing that Doss was awarded the Medal of Honor by President Harry S. Truman for rescuing 75 soldiers at Hacksaw Ridge."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "After treating the soldier, a sniper shot fractured Doss's arm and he crawled 300 yards (270 m) to safety after being left alone for five hours."
}
] |
E34YU8fFKpGEXPfglzAJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hacksaw Ridge is a 2016 biographical war film directed by Mel Gibson and written by Andrew Knight and Robert Schenkkan, based on the 2004 documentary The Conscientious Objector."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Despite being beaten one night by his fellow soldiers, he refuses to identify his attackers and continues training."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Doss enlists in the Army to serve as a combat medic."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Smitty is killed, while Howell and several of Doss's squad mates are left injured on the battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "After treating the soldier, a sniper shot fractured Doss's arm and he crawled 300 yards (270 m) to safety after being left alone for five hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"The Guardian also awarded the film four stars, and stated that Gibson had \"absolutely hit Hacksaw Ridge out of the park."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" The Daily Telegraph awarded four stars, and added: \"Hacksaw Ridge is a fantastically moving and bruising war film that hits you like a raw topside of beef in the face—a kind of primary-coloured Guernica that flourishes on a big screen with a crowd."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In an ambush set by Japanese soldiers feigning surrender, Doss manages to save Glover and others by deflecting enemy grenades."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The film switches to real photos and footage showing that Doss was awarded the Medal of Honor by President Harry S. Truman for rescuing 75 soldiers at Hacksaw Ridge."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "On July 28, 2016, Lionsgate released the only official trailer for Hacksaw Ridge which garnered millions of views."
}
] |
Hacksaw Ridge is a 2016 biographical war film about an unarmed soldier, Doss, who sees his injured brothers left in the open for more attacks from the Japanese and decides to die with them after being hit from a bullet.
| 0 | 0 |
Hacksaw Ridge
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Importance | In popular culture",
"text": "A year later, the film King Kong depicted Kong, a large stop motion ape that climbs the Empire State Building, bringing the building into the popular imagination."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "The movie, which depicted a large stop motion ape named Kong climbing the Empire State Building, made the still-new building into a cinematic icon."
}
] |
E4DoafIivZb8hpR5twqC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Loss of \"tallest building\" title",
"text": "A revision in the World Trade Center's plan brought the twin towers to 1,370 feet (420 m) each or 110 stories, taller than the Empire State."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "At the time, most engineers agreed that it would be difficult to build a building taller than 1,200 feet (370 m), even with the hardy Manhattan bedrock as a foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "After the construction of the first World Trade Center, architect Paul Goldberger noted that the Empire State Building \"is famous for being tall, but it is good enough to be famous for being good."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century | 2000s",
"text": "This action merged the building's title and lease for the first time in half a century."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Empire State Building Run-Up",
"text": "The record time is 9 minutes and 33 seconds, achieved by Australian professional cyclist Paul Crake in 2003, at a climbing rate of 6,593 ft (2,010 m) per hour."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "It has an indoor and outdoor observation deck on the 86th floor, the highest floor within the actual tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "The historian John Tauranac calls the tower \"'the' twentieth-century New York building\", despite the existence of taller and more modernist buildings."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "The movie, which depicted a large stop motion ape named Kong climbing the Empire State Building, made the still-new building into a cinematic icon."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | In popular culture",
"text": "A year later, the film King Kong depicted Kong, a large stop motion ape that climbs the Empire State Building, bringing the building into the popular imagination."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Loss of \"tallest building\" title",
"text": "In response to Wien's opposition, Port Authority executive director Austin J. Tobin said that Wien was only opposing the project because it would overshadow his Empire State Building as the world's tallest building."
}
] |
The giant animal with a regal title in that famous tale actually climbed the Chrystler building which was much taller at the time.
| 3 | 8 |
Empire State Building
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Text and date",
"text": "Charles Whitworth argues that The Comedy of Errors was written \"in the latter part of 1594\" on the basis of historical records and textual similarities with other plays Shakespeare wrote around this time."
}
] |
E5GwZNf7pELsukIt7GMW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Comedy of Errors is one of William Shakespeare's early plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Text and date",
"text": "Charles Whitworth argues that The Comedy of Errors was written \"in the latter part of 1594\" on the basis of historical records and textual similarities with other plays Shakespeare wrote around this time."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Musicals",
"text": "A New Comedy of Errors, or Too Many Twins (1940), adapted from Plautus, Shakespeare, and Molière, staged in modern dress at London's Mercury Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "It was a musical, loosely based on \"Comedy of Errors\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance",
"text": "Two early performances of The Comedy of Errors are recorded."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatrical | Classical Adaptations",
"text": "Hull adapted the play a second time as The Comedy of Errors."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatrical | Classical Adaptations",
"text": "A Farce. In Three Acts by William Woods, published in 1780."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatrical | Modern Adaptations",
"text": "The Comedy of Errors The Comedy of Errors adapted and directed by Sean Graney in 2010 updated Shakespeare's text to modern language, with occasional Shakespearean text, for The Court Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism",
"text": "For centuries, scholars have found little thematic depth in The Comedy of Errors."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism",
"text": "The Comedy of Errors and The Tempest were the only two of Shakespeare's plays to comply with this standard."
}
] |
The Comedy of Errors was written by William Shakespeare.
| 1 | 1 |
The Comedy of Errors
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and incorporated in Delaware."
}
] |
E6gnTdQnNPXulZ9uPafJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On January 23, 2018, GoDaddy acquired Main Street Hub."
},
{
"section_header": "IPO and private equity",
"text": "Scott W. Wagner (and former GoDaddy Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer) was appointed Chief Executive Officer on December 31, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure",
"text": "They also have a 270,000-square-foot (25,000 m2) facility in Phoenix, Arizona."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Philanthropy",
"text": "In 2009, GoDaddy donated $50,000 to the Lincoln Family Downtown YMCA in Arizona when the organization requested only $1,000."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "GoDaddy Inc. is an American publicly traded Internet domain registrar and web hosting company headquartered in Scottsdale, Arizona and incorporated in Delaware."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "And we heard that loud and clear.\" He goes on to say that Buddy was purchased by a reputable breeder and is part of the GoDaddy family as Chief Companion Officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | Super Bowl advertisements",
"text": "This spike was tied to GoDaddy's \"News\" advertisement airing."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Shutdown of RateMyCop.com",
"text": "On March 11, 2008, GoDaddy shut down RateMyCop.com — a RateMyProfessors-type site where people would comment on their interactions with law enforcement officers."
},
{
"section_header": "IPO and private equity",
"text": "CEO Blake Irving, joined GoDaddy on January 6, 2013 and served as Chief Executive Officer before retiring on December 31, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Service outage",
"text": "Wagner stood by the quality of GoDaddy's infrastructure, citing a 99.999% uptime."
}
] |
GoDaddy's main office is in Arizona.
| 0 | 0 |
GoDaddy
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "The film won seven Academy Awards and received three other nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today)."
}
] |
E6o1tHwqG43b3OHm1GkW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Newman had been advised to avoid doing comedies because he didn't have the light touch, but accepted the part to prove that he could handle comedy just as well as drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "The film won seven Academy Awards and received three other nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "Treemonisha received its first full staging, as part of a Afro-American Music Workshop at Morehouse College, in Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "Inspired by Schuller's recording, the producer of the movie"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today)."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "The movie was issued on DVD by Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment in 2000."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Principal photography",
"text": "Hill decided that the film would be reminiscent of movies from the 1930s and watched films from that decade for inspiration."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Roger Ebert gave the film a perfect four out of four stars and called it \"one of the most stylish movies of the year.\" Gene Siskel awarded three-and-a-half stars out of four, calling it \"a movie movie that has obviously been made with loving care each and every step of the way.\" Vincent Canby of The New York Times wrote that the film was \"so good-natured, so obviously aware of everything it's up to, even its own picturesque frauds, that I opt to go along with it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released on Christmas Day of 1973, The Sting received universal acclaim and was hugely successful at the 46th Academy Awards, being nominated for ten Oscars and winning seven, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Writing (Original Screenplay)."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "Joplin's music was no longer popular by the 1930s, although its use in The Sting evokes the 1930s gangster movie, The Public Enemy, which featured Joplin's music."
}
] |
The movie wasn't well received.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sting
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Crystal habit and structure",
"text": "Both α-quartz and β-quartz are examples of chiral crystal structures composed of achiral building blocks ("
}
] |
E6qfgmkKq1stv7hfzds1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms."
},
{
"section_header": "Crystal habit and structure",
"text": "Both α-quartz and β-quartz are examples of chiral crystal structures composed of achiral building blocks ("
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to microstructure)",
"text": "Although many of the varietal names historically arose from the color of the mineral, current scientific naming schemes refer primarily to the microstructure of the mineral."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Milky quartz",
"text": "Milk quartz or milky quartz is the most common variety of crystalline quartz."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Smoky quartz",
"text": "Smoky quartz is a gray, translucent version of quartz."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Rose quartz",
"text": "Rose quartz is a type of quartz which exhibits a pale pink to rose red hue."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Rose quartz",
"text": "Additionally, there is a rare type of pink quartz (also frequently called crystalline rose quartz) with color that is thought to be caused by trace amounts of phosphate or aluminium."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Blue quartz",
"text": "Blue quartz contains inclusions of fibrous magnesio-riebeckite or crocidolite."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Dumortierite quartz",
"text": "Inclusions of the mineral dumortierite within quartz pieces often result in silky-appearing splotches with a blue hue, shades giving off purple and/or grey colors additionally being found. \" Dumortierite quartz\" (sometimes called \"blue quartz\") will sometimes feature contrasting light and dark color zones across the material."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties (according to color) | Rose quartz",
"text": "Some rose quartz contains microscopic rutile needles which produces an asterism in transmitted light."
}
] |
Quartz is composed primarily of carbon and selenium.
| 1 | 2 |
Quartz
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona ( BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain."
}
] |
E7TqcTDbpgoSwrrk9c2B
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona ( BAR-sə-LOH-nə, Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə], Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Spanish Civil War and the Franco period",
"text": "During the Spanish Civil War, the city, and Catalonia in general, were resolutely Republican."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The Spanish Civil War and the Franco period",
"text": "Barcelona remained the second largest city in Spain, at the heart of a region which was relatively industrialised and prosperous, despite the devastation of the civil war."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The city also has the largest Jewish community in Spain, with an estimated 3,500 Jews living in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Airports",
"text": "It is the second-largest airport in Spain, and the largest on the Mediterranean coast, which handled more than 50.17 million passengers in 2018, showing an annual upward trend."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barcelona is a major cultural, economic, and financial centre in southwestern Europe, as well as the main biotech hub in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After merging with the Kingdom of Aragon, Barcelona continued to be an important city in the Crown of Aragon as an economic and administrative centre of this Crown and the capital of the Principality of Catalonia."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and administrative divisions",
"text": "The city is also the capital of the Province of Barcelona and the Barcelonès comarca (district)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Founded as a Roman city, in the Middle Ages Barcelona became the capital of the County of Barcelona."
}
] |
Barcelona is a Spanish city in southwestern coast of Spain and the capital and largest city in Catalonia.
| 0 | 0 |
Barcelona
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robin Hood is a legendary heroic outlaw originally depicted in English folklore and subsequently featured in literature and film."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Robin Hood of Wakefield",
"text": "The antiquarian Joseph Hunter (1783–1861) believed that Robin Hood had inhabited the forests of Yorkshire during the early decades of the fourteenth century."
}
] |
E8CPSRJVViI6NEwKayKI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Robin Hood of Wakefield",
"text": "Hunter pointed to two men whom, believing them to be the same person, he identified with the legendary outlaw: Robert Hood who is documented as having lived in the city of Wakefield at the start of the fourteenth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Ballads and tales | Robin Hood on the early modern stage",
"text": "When asked about the exiled Duke Senior, the character of Charles says that he is \"already in the forest of Arden, and a many merry men with him; and there they live like the old Robin Hood of England\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Robin Hood of Wakefield",
"text": "The antiquarian Joseph Hunter (1783–1861) believed that Robin Hood had inhabited the forests of Yorkshire during the early decades of the fourteenth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Early references",
"text": "The majority of these references date from the late 13th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Early references",
"text": "Written around the year 1460 by a monk in Latin, it says: Around this time [i.e., reign of Edward I], according to popular opinion, a certain outlaw named Robin Hood, with his accomplices, infested Sherwood and other law-abiding areas of England with continuous robberies."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity | Early references",
"text": "Following this, John Major mentions Robin Hood within his Historia Majoris Britanniæ (1521), casting him in a positive light by mentioning his and his followers' aversion to bloodshed and ethos of only robbing the wealthy; Major also fixed his floruit not to the mid-13th century but the reigns of Richard I of England and his brother, King John."
},
{
"section_header": "Historicity",
"text": "A difficulty with any such historical research is that Robert was a very common given name in medieval England, and 'Robin' (or Robyn) was its very common diminutive, especially in the 13th century; it is a French hypocorism, already mentioned in the Roman de Renart in the 12th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Associated locations | Sherwood Forest",
"text": "Around this time, according to popular opinion, a certain outlaw named Robin Hood, with his accomplices, infested Sherwood and other law-abiding areas of England with continuous robberies'."
},
{
"section_header": "Ballads and tales",
"text": "The setting of the early ballads is usually attributed by scholars to either the 13th century or the 14th, although it is recognised they are not necessarily historically consistent."
},
{
"section_header": "Associated locations | Grave at Kirklees",
"text": ", 1247Despite the unconventional spelling, the verse is in Modern English, not the Middle English of the 13th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robin Hood is a legendary heroic outlaw originally depicted in English folklore and subsequently featured in literature and film."
}
] |
It is believed that Robin Hood lived in England around the early 13th century.
| 2 | 5 |
Robin Hood
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | The First Lady of MGM",
"text": "Shearer was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress on six occasions, winning only for The Divorcee in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Shearer was the first person to receive five Academy Award nominations for acting."
}
] |
E912sBUXbLLZ9GskZw33
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood",
"text": "\" Returning to the set, Shearer plunged into an emotional scene."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Irving Thalberg",
"text": "Thalberg would listen patiently, then invariably advise Norma to keep toeing the line, that MGM knew best, and that the movies she complained about had made her a popular actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The First Lady of MGM",
"text": "Shearer was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress on six occasions, winning only for The Divorcee in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The First Lady of MGM",
"text": "so Shearer could enter, so Norma made her grand entrance through wider doors leading from another room."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pre-Code",
"text": "Shearer won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in The Divorcee, and a series of highly successful pre-Code films followed, including Let Us Be Gay (1930),"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The First Lady of MGM",
"text": "Shearer also took on another play popularized by Cornell in Romeo and Juliet (1936) (her first film of the 1930s to lose money), and Marie Antoinette (1938) ("
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood",
"text": "Shearer was momentarily thrown by their confused introduction, but soon found herself \"impressed by his air of dispassionate strength, his calm self-possession and the almost black, impenetrable eyes set in a pale olive face\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 1994, Turner Classic Movies began showcasing her films, most of which had not been seen since the reconstitution of the Production Code in 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The First Lady of MGM",
"text": "a budget of almost $2,500,000 was too great for the studio to expect a profit), though their elaborate sets and costumes helped make the films immensely popular with audiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Most of Shearer's MGM films are broadcast on Turner Classic Movies, and many of them are also available on DVD from Warner Home Video."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Shearer was the first person to receive five Academy Award nominations for acting."
}
] |
Norma Shearer set a record from her 1930 movie.
| 0 | 0 |
Norma Shearer
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Göbekli Tepe (Turkish: [ɟœbecˈli teˈpe], \"Potbelly Hill\") is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey approximately 12 km (7 mi) northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "More than 200 pillars in about 20 circles are known (as of May 2020) through geophysical surveys."
}
] |
E9KvByN8n8OiKJbkDxRO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Importance",
"text": "Most of these constructions seem to be smaller than Göbekli Tepe, and their placement evenly between contemporary settlements indicates that they were local social-ritual gathering places, with Göbekli Tepe perhaps as a regional centre."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "This means that the people who built Göbekli Tepe had at least some rudimentary knowledge of geometry."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "The authors also say that, compared to previous estimations, the amount of manpower required to build Göbekli Tepe should be multiplied by three."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation",
"text": "Though no tombs or graves have yet been found, Schmidt believed that graves remain to be discovered in niches located behind the walls of the sacred circles."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation",
"text": "Zooarchaeological analysis shows that gazelle were only seasonally present in the region, suggesting that events such as rituals and feasts were likely timed to occur during periods when game availability was at its peak."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Göbekli Tepe (Turkish: [ɟœbecˈli teˈpe], \"Potbelly Hill\") is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey approximately 12 km (7 mi) northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa."
},
{
"section_header": "Complex | Plateau",
"text": "Unequivocally Neolithic are three T-shaped pillars that had not yet been levered out of the bedrock."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance",
"text": "Some researchers believe that the construction of Göbekli Tepe may have contributed to the later development of urban civilization, or, as excavator Klaus Schmidt put it, \"First came the temple, then the city.\" In addition to its large dimensions, the side-by-side existence of multiple pillar shrines makes the location unique."
},
{
"section_header": "Complex | Layer II",
"text": "A stone pillar resembling totem pole designs was discovered at Göbekli Tepe, Layer II in 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "More than 200 pillars in about 20 circles are known (as of May 2020) through geophysical surveys."
}
] |
Göbekli Tepe is a ritual structure built as a sacred temple with twenty pillars in about three circles in a Region of Tibet.
| 0 | 0 |
Göbekli Tepe
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Fahrenheit 451 is set in an unspecified city (likely in the American Midwest) in the year 1999 (according to Ray Bradbury's Coda), though it is written as if set in a distant future."
}
] |
E9nIFsWqeoMrJnEVy9jb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "but what is important is that he wrote about book burning\", thus referencing Fahrenheit 451 and Ray Bradbury."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Fahrenheit 451 is set in an unspecified city (likely in the American Midwest) in the year 1999 (according to Ray Bradbury's Coda), though it is written as if set in a distant future."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian novel by American writer Ray Bradbury, first published in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "In 2017, the literary book, \"The Bookshop\", was made into a movie, and one of the characters who read \"Fahrenheit 451\" wrote to the bookshop owner, requesting that she send him more books from Ray Bradbury, rather than books on poems and romance."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "The stage was set for Bradbury to write the dramatic nuclear holocaust ending of Fahrenheit 451, exemplifying the type of scenario feared by many Americans of the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Comics",
"text": "Entitled Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451: The Authorized Adaptation, the paperback graphic adaptation was illustrated by Tim Hamilton."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "According to Bradbury, it is the people, not the state, who are the culprit in Fahrenheit 451."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a 1956 radio interview, Bradbury said that he wrote Fahrenheit 451 because of his concerns at the time (during the McCarthy era) about the threat of book burning in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "In a 2007 interview, Bradbury maintained that people misinterpret his book and that Fahrenheit 451 is really a statement on how mass media like television marginalizes the reading of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and development",
"text": "Fahrenheit 451 developed out of a series of ideas Bradbury had visited in previously written stories."
}
] |
The book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury is set in Michigan.
| 0 | 0 |
Fahrenheit 451
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover is a novel by English author D. H. Lawrence, first published privately in 1928 in Italy and in 1929 in France."
}
] |
EA95N5sbe3yiJ6JQ7gwA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film and television",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover has been adapted for film and television several times: L'Amant de lady Chatterley (1955), French drama film."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover has been adapted for BBC Radio 4 by Michelene Wandor and was first broadcast in September 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Editions",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover and A Propos of 'Lady Chatterley's Lover'."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover is a novel by English author D. H. Lawrence, first published privately in 1928 in Italy and in 1929 in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Standard editions",
"text": "The Second Lady Chatterley's Lover."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film and television",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover (1981) Lady Chatterley's Lover (1981) Frence film directed by Just Jaeckin and produced by Menahem Golan and Yoram Globus, starred Sylvia Kristel and Nicholas Clay. (Jaeckin had previously directed Kristel in Emmanuelle, which was released in 1974.) Lady Chatterley (1993), is a BBC Television serial which was directed by Ken Russell for BBC Television; it starred Joely Richardson and Sean Bean and incorporated some material from the longer second version John Thomas and Lady Jane."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover was banned for obscenity in the United States in 1929."
},
{
"section_header": "Standard editions",
"text": "Michael Squires, ed. Michael Squires, ed. (1928). Lady Chatterley's Lover."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "Although he never followed through, he included Lady Chatterley's Lover as an example of an obscene book that must not reach domestic audiences, declaring \"I've not taken ten minutes on Lady Chatterley's Lover, outside of looking at its opening pages."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That novel, which also involves a gamekeeper becoming the lover of a member of the upper classes, although the relationship is homosexual, was an influence on Lady Chatterley's Lover."
}
] |
Lady Chatterley's Lover was released in England for the first time.
| 0 | 0 |
Lady Chatterley's Lover
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities, with the relatively densely clustered architecture of the site core covering an area of at least 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi)."
}
] |
EB3Y66tOCZrRwXKjZfRz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities and it was likely to have been one of the mythical great cities, or Tollans, referred to in later Mesoamerican literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities, with the relatively densely clustered architecture of the site core covering an area of at least 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Great North Platform | Additional structures",
"text": "Sacbe Number One is a causeway that leads to the Cenote Sagrado, is the largest and most elaborate at Chichen Itza."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "According to post-Conquest sources (Maya and Spanish), pre-Columbian Maya sacrificed objects and human beings into the cenote as a form of worship to the Maya rain god Chaac."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Casa Colorada Group",
"text": "This building's name has been long used by the local Maya, and some authors mention that it was named after a deer painting over stucco that doesn't exist anymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Casa Colorada Group",
"text": "In one chamber there are extensive carved hieroglyphs that mention rulers of Chichen Itza and possibly of the nearby city of Ek Balam, and contain a Maya date inscribed which correlates to 869 AD, one of the oldest such dates found in all of Chichen Itza."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism",
"text": "Friedrichsthal was the first to photograph Chichen Itza, using the recently invented daguerreotype."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The city may have had the most diverse population in the Maya world, a factor that could have contributed to the variety of architectural styles at the site."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "The book recounted Stephens' visit to Yucatán and his tour of Maya cities, including Chichén Itzá."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Great North Platform | Great Ball Court",
"text": "It is the largest and best preserved ball court in ancient Mesoamerica."
}
] |
It used to be one of the largest Maya cities.
| 5 | 6 |
Chichen Itza
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Her parents were Thomas Norval Hepburn (1879–1962), a urologist at Hartford Hospital, and Katharine Martha Houghton (1878–1951), a feminist campaigner."
}
] |
EBAytE4au9as1TBCIMW2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Success in later years (1963–1970)",
"text": "The movie dealt with the subject of interracial marriage, with Hepburn's niece, Katharine Houghton, playing her daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "After Hepburn's death in 2003, the intersection of East 49th Street and 2nd Avenue was renamed \"Katharine Hepburn Place\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "Other exhibitions have been held to showcase Hepburn's career."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "Three years later Bryn Mawr College, Hepburn's alma mater, launched the Katharine Houghton Hepburn Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Breaking into theatre (1928–1932)",
"text": "The Warrior's Husband proved to be Hepburn's breakout performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood success (1932–1934)",
"text": "The picture was not commercially successful, but Hepburn's reviews were good."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Final years and death",
"text": "In May 2003, an aggressive tumor was found in Hepburn's neck."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Final years and death",
"text": "Hepburn's death received considerable public attention."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "Selections from the New York collection, which documents Hepburn's theatrical career, were presented in a five-month exhibition, Katharine Hepburn: In Her Own Files, in 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood success (1932–1934)",
"text": "\" Hepburn's third picture confirmed her as a major actress in Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Her parents were Thomas Norval Hepburn (1879–1962), a urologist at Hartford Hospital, and Katharine Martha Houghton (1878–1951), a feminist campaigner."
}
] |
Katherine Hepburn was Audrey Hepburn's daughter.
| 0 | 0 |
Katharine Hepburn
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Supposedly named after Abraham Rycken, who bought the island in 1664, the island was originally under 100 acres (40 ha) in size, but has since grown to more than 400 acres (160 ha)."
}
] |
EBTYNpo84TvPbBFvrx2h
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Historic use",
"text": "The island is thought to be named after Abraham Rycken, a Dutch settler who moved to Long Island in 1638 and whose descendants owned Rikers Island until 1884, when it was sold to the city for $180,000.The island was used as a military training ground during the Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Supposedly named after Abraham Rycken, who bought the island in 1664, the island was originally under 100 acres (40 ha) in size, but has since grown to more than 400 acres (160 ha)."
},
{
"section_header": "Inmate deaths | Jerome Murdough",
"text": "A settlement of $2.25 million occurred."
},
{
"section_header": "Inmate deaths | Bradley Ballard",
"text": "In July, he was sent to the psychiatric prison ward at Bellevue Hospital Center, where he stayed for 38 days before being sent back to Rikers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conversion to jail",
"text": "Landfill continued to be added to the island until 1943, eventually enlarging the original 90-acre (36 ha) island to 415 acres (168 ha)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conversion to jail",
"text": "This required the permission of the federal government, since the expansion extended the island's pier line."
},
{
"section_header": "Abuse and neglect of prisoners | Solitary confinement | Kalief Browder",
"text": "Kalief Browder was accused of robbing a back pack at the age of 16."
},
{
"section_header": "Abuse and neglect of prisoners | Rulings related to strip searches",
"text": "On October 4, 2007, the New York City Department of Corrections conceded that tens of thousands of nonviolent inmates taken to Rikers Island on misdemeanor charges had been wrongly strip-searched in violation of a 2002 court settlement, and were entitled to payment for damages."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conversion to jail",
"text": "The ferry boats were sold for salvage in about 2003, and the owner of the shipyard that built VCBC, Avondale Shipyard, bought the two BIBBYs."
},
{
"section_header": "Inmate deaths | Jason Echevarria",
"text": "In November 2015, Echevarria's family was awarded a $3.8 million settlement regarding the matter."
}
] |
The origins of Rikers Island's settlement dates back to mid 1600s when a Dutch settler bought the island.
| 1 | 5 |
Rikers Island prison
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His mother, Kate Manush, was born in Wisconsin, the daughter of German immigrants."
}
] |
EBhtB8Hqip77G4Kw9LWo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Manush was nicknamed \"Heinie\" due to his German ancestry."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Hall of Fame and legacy",
"text": "\" In the dining car, O'Brien continues even as he orders, \"Filet mignon that's for me, filet mignon that's for me, Heinie Manush, Heinie Manush, Heinie Manush, Heinie Manush, filet mignon, medium rare, Heinie Manush, Heinie Manush."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His mother, Kate Manush, was born in Wisconsin, the daughter of German immigrants."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Hall of Fame and legacy",
"text": "\"The 1942 motion picture Obliging Young Lady opens with a comedic sequence in which Edmond O'Brien keeps repeating \"Heinie Manush, Heinie Manush\" in cadence with the sound of the train on which he is riding."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Hall of Fame and legacy",
"text": "At one point, a porter interrupts, \"Who is Heinie Manush?\", and O'Brien replies, \"The great baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His brother Frank Manush was 18 years older than Heinie and played professional baseball from 1907 to 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Emmett Manush (July 20, 1901 – May 12, 1971), nicknamed \"Heinie\", was an American baseball outfielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Washington Senators",
"text": "After the game, baseball commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis opined that Manush should not have been ejected and ruled that Manush would be permitted to play the next day."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "After Manush slumped in 1925, Heilmann, who had a talent for placing his hits, \"took Manush in tow and taught him some tricks.\" After Heilmann's lessons, Manush developed a talent for dropping hits over second base between the left and center fielders."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Washington Senators",
"text": "In Game 4, Manush was ejected by umpire Charlie Moran after arguing Moran's calling Manush out on a close play at first base."
}
] |
Heinie Manush was German descant.
| 1 | 8 |
Heinie Manush
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Kings Mountain was a military engagement between Patriot and Loyalist militias in South Carolina during the Southern Campaign of the American Revolutionary War, resulting in a decisive victory for the Patriots."
}
] |
EBo0K8cA09faIRAtm8WH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle took place on October 7, 1780, 9 miles (14 km) south of the present-day town of Kings Mountain, North Carolina in what is now rural Cherokee County, South Carolina, where the Patriot militia defeated the Loyalist militia commanded by British Major Patrick Ferguson of the 71st Foot."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In The Winning of the West, Theodore Roosevelt wrote of Kings Mountain, \"This brilliant victory marked the turning point of the American Revolution.\" Thomas Jefferson called it, \"The turn of the tide of success.\" President Herbert Hoover at Kings Mountain said, This is a place of inspiring memories."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "Kings Mountain is one of many rocky forested hills in the upper Piedmont, near the border between North and South Carolina."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The Battle of Kings Mountain lasted 65 minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "The Loyalists camped on a ridge west of Kings Pinnacle, the highest point on Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "They took about 700 Loyalist prisoners."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Kings Mountain was a pivotal moment in the history of the American Revolution."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "By sunrise of the 7th, they forded the Broad River, fifteen miles from Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "Now 1400 strong, the Patriots marched to South Mountain, North Carolina,"
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "Needing to hurry, the Patriot militia put 900 men on horseback and rode for Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Kings Mountain was a military engagement between Patriot and Loyalist militias in South Carolina during the Southern Campaign of the American Revolutionary War, resulting in a decisive victory for the Patriots."
}
] |
battle of Kings Mountain took place in North America.
| 3 | 5 |
Battle of Kings Mountain
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He supported Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War and played a key role in keeping Portugal and Spain neutral during World War II while still providing aid and assistance to the Allies."
}
] |
ECHtO3wloWCmOL2EvkY1
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SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Family",
"text": "do Resgate Salazar de Oliveira, an elementary school teacher; Elisa Salazar de Oliveira; Maria Leopoldina Salazar de Oliveira; and Laura Salazar de Oliveira, who in 1887 married Abel Pais de Sousa, brother of Mário Pais de Sousa, who served as Salazar's Interior Minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Evaluation",
"text": "The Portuguese historian, scholar, and editor, A. H. de Oliveira Marques, wrote of Salazar: \"He considered himself the guide of the nation,"
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | Securing the regime | Spanish Civil War",
"text": "The pact proved to be a decisive instrument in keeping the Iberian Peninsula out of Hitler's continental system."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Family",
"text": "He was the only male child of two fifth cousins, António de Oliveira (1839–1932) and his wife Maria"
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | Formation of the Estado Novo",
"text": "Salazar was, in effect, the dictator of Portugal, but he preferred a passive public and a limited state where social power remained in the hands of the Church, the army, and the big landowners."
},
{
"section_header": "Evaluation",
"text": "Life declared that \"most of what is good in modern Portugal can be credited to Dr. António de Oliveira Salazar (...) The dictator is everything that most Portuguese are not – calm, silent, ascetic, puritanical, a glutton for work, cool to women."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | Background",
"text": "Salazar would keep in mind the political chaos of this time when he later ruled Portugal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "António de Oliveira Salazar (; Portuguese: [ɐ̃ˈtɔniu dɨ oliˈvɐjɾɐ sɐlɐˈzaɾ]; 28 April 1889 – 27 July 1970) was a Portuguese statesman who served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and Estado Novo | World War II",
"text": "Salazar was widely praised for keeping Portugal neutral during the Second World War."
},
{
"section_header": "Evaluation",
"text": "Salazar was to him a learned and impressive thinker – part professor, part priest, part recluse of unshakable beliefs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He supported Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War and played a key role in keeping Portugal and Spain neutral during World War II while still providing aid and assistance to the Allies."
}
] |
Antonio de Oliveira Salazar had a big part of keeping Portugal out of WWII.
| 0 | 0 |
Antonio de Oliveira Salazar
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "On Stranger Tides (2011) and Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017) In 2003, Rush played Superintendent Francis Hare in Ned Kelly with Heath Ledger, Orlando Bloom and Naomi Watts."
}
] |
ECQpCLhp2cMkRAjzi8CJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s: The Kings Speech, continued work",
"text": "Rush returned as Captain Hector Barbossa in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, starring Johnny Depp, in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "That same year starred in the film Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, as Captain Hector Barbossa."
},
{
"section_header": "Defamation case | Further allegations",
"text": "She alleged that he had sent her sexually inappropriate texts, had touched her back at an awards show, and had danced naked in front of her while they were in the dressing room."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s: The Kings Speech, continued work",
"text": "He resigned from the post in December 2017 after Sydney Theatre Company announced they had received an accusation of inappropriate behaviour against him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is particularly known for his role as Captain Barbossa in the Pirates of the Caribbean films, and has appeared in films including Elizabeth (1998), Les Miserables (1998), Frida (2001), Munich (2005), and The Book Thief (2013)."
},
{
"section_header": "Defamation case",
"text": "Eryn Jean Norvill, who had starred as Cordelia alongside Rush, alleged that the actor had touched her inappropriately without her consent and that he had followed her into a toilet during an after-party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Geoffrey Roy Rush (born 6 July 1951) is an Australian actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Defamation case",
"text": "It ultimately came to light that the Telegraph did not interview Norvill about her experience, and, in November of 2017, provided Rush with only a bare few hours to respond to the serious allegations."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s: The Kings Speech, continued work",
"text": "He spoke his lines in Polish for the part."
},
{
"section_header": "Defamation case",
"text": "The Daily Telegraph published a front-page article alleging that Rush engaged in \"inappropriate behaviour\" onstage with a co-star during the Sydney Theatre Company's 2015 production of King Lear."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "On Stranger Tides (2011) and Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017) In 2003, Rush played Superintendent Francis Hare in Ned Kelly with Heath Ledger, Orlando Bloom and Naomi Watts."
}
] |
Disney refused to let Geoffrey Rush return to the part of Captain Barbossa for the 2017 'Pirates' film after allegations of inappropriate behavior.
| 2 | 7 |
Geoffrey Rush
|
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