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Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon III (February 8, 1925 – June 27, 2001) was an American actor and musician who was nominated for an Academy Award eight times, winning twice."
}
] |
JkOkSlHWN6wc5eNf96zp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "In 1972, at the 44th Academy Awards, Jack Lemmon presented the Honorary Academy Award to silent screen legend Charlie Chaplin."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The amateur who helps his team most in the Pro-Am portion is annually awarded the Jack Lemmon Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "Matthau went on to win an Academy Award for his performance in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Lifetime awards",
"text": "In 1996 Lemmon was awarded the Honorary Golden Bear award at the 46th Berlin International Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Lifetime awards",
"text": "In 1995 Lemmon was awarded the inaugural Harvard Arts Medal."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "Having won the Best Supporting actor Academy Award for Mister Roberts, he became the first actor to achieve that particular double, although Helen Hayes had achieved this feat three years earlier in the equivalent female categories."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He starred in over 60 films, such as Mister Roberts (1955, for which he won the year's Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor), Some Like It Hot (1959), The Apartment (1960), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), Irma la Douce (1963), The Great Race (1965), The Odd Couple (1968, and its sequel The Odd Couple II (1998), both with frequent co-star Walter Matthau), Save the Tiger (1973, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor), The China Syndrome (1979), Missing (1982), Long Day's Journey into Night (1987, for which he won a Golden Globe) and Glengarry Glen Ross (1992)."
},
{
"section_header": "Lifetime awards",
"text": "In 1986 the U.S. National Board of Review of Motion Pictures gave Lemmon a \"Career Achievement\" Award; two years later, the American Film Institute gave him its Lifetime Achievement Award in March 1988."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1979–2001: Later career",
"text": "For his role as Morrie Schwartz in his final television role, Tuesdays with Morrie (1999), Lemmon won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1966–1978: Mid-career",
"text": "\" Wilder though also once said: \"Happiness is working with Jack Lemmon\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon III (February 8, 1925 – June 27, 2001) was an American actor and musician who was nominated for an Academy Award eight times, winning twice."
}
] |
Jack Lemmon won one Academy Award.
| 0 | 0 |
Jack Lemmon
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | CORE",
"text": "Penn is the founder of the nonprofit organization Community Organized Relief Effort (CORE), which has distributed aid to Haiti following the 2010 earthquake and Hurricane Matthew as well as administered free COVID-19 tests in the U.S. amid the COVID-19 pandemic."
}
] |
JkVGbqZvivhACgPIXfuA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | Release of Jacob Ostreicher from Bolivian prison",
"text": "Penn is believed to have played a role in getting American entrepreneur Jacob Ostreicher released from a Bolivian prison in 2013, and was credited by Ostreicher for having personally nursed him back to health upon his release."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In addition to his film work, Penn has engaged in political and social activism, including his criticism of the George W. Bush administration, his contact with the Presidents of Cuba and Venezuela, and his humanitarian work in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the 2010 Haiti earthquake."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | Relief efforts following 2010 Haiti earthquake",
"text": "We've got to have equal rights for everyone!\" After the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Penn founded the J/P Haitian Relief Organization, which has been running a 55,000 person tent camp."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | CORE",
"text": "Penn is the founder of the nonprofit organization Community Organized Relief Effort (CORE), which has distributed aid to Haiti following the 2010 earthquake and Hurricane Matthew as well as administered free COVID-19 tests in the U.S. amid the COVID-19 pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | Hurricane Katrina",
"text": "In September 2005, Penn traveled to New Orleans, Louisiana, to aid Hurricane Katrina victims."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Oscar green card joke",
"text": "If they had their way, you wouldn't have great filmmakers like Alejandro working in this country."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views and activism | Relief efforts following 2010 Haiti earthquake",
"text": "Due to his visibility as an on-the-ground advocate for rescue and aid efforts in the aftermath, Penn was designated by president Michel Martelly as Ambassador-at-Large for Haiti, the first time that a non-Haitian citizen has been designated as such in the country's history."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "The Academy Awards first recognized his work in nominating him for playing a racist murderer on death row in the drama film"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | El Chapo interview",
"text": "Mexican authorities said they were seeking to question Penn over the interview, which had not been approved by either the American or Mexican government."
}
] |
American actor Sean Penn worked to get American entrepreneur released from a Bolivian prison after he worked on aid relief in Jamaica after the 2010 earthquake and hurricane.
| 0 | 0 |
Sean Penn
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "Webern's music, along with that of Berg, Křenek, Schoenberg, and others, was denounced as \"cultural Bolshevism\" and \"degenerate art\" by the Nazi Party in Germany, and both publication and performances of it were banned soon after the Anschluss in 1938, although neither did it fare well under the preceding years of Austrofascism."
}
] |
JkasxKerLxH67AGoESlN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Anton Friedrich Wilhelm von Webern (German: [ˈantɔn ˈveːbɐn] (listen); 3 December 1883 – 15 September 1945) was an Austrian composer and conductor."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Youth, education, and other early experiences in Austria-Hungary",
"text": "Webern was born in Vienna, then Austria-Hungary, as Anton Friedrich Wilhelm von Webern."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "As early as 1933, an Austrian gauleiter on Bayerischer Rundfunk mistakenly and very likely maliciously characterized both Berg and Webern as Jewish composers."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Performance style",
"text": "Webern) and Berg's Violin Concerto under his direction, many such detailed markings in his scores, and finally by his compositional process as both publicly stated and later revealed in the musical and extramusical metaphors and associations everywhere throughout his sketches."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "Ironically, the Russians pronounced Görgi a \"Nazi spy\" when he was discovered due to the Nazi munitions and propaganda in the Weberns' basement store-room."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "Violinist Louis Krasner painted not a sentimental portrait but one imbued with a wealth of factual and personal detail for its publication in 1987, describing Webern as clearly naive and idealistic but not entirely without his wits, shame, or conscience; Krasner carefully contextualizes Webern as a member of Austrian society at the time, one departed by Schoenberg and one in which the already pro-Nazi Vienna Philharmonic had even refused to play the late Berg's Violin Concerto."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Red Vienna in the First Austrian Republic",
"text": "14–15), Webern wrote to Berg that Stravinsky's Berceuses"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "Whether this was for Krasner's safety or to save Webern the embarrassment of Krasner's presence during a time of possible celebration in the pro-Nazi Webern family (or indeed in most of pro-Nazi Mödling, by Krasner's description as well as one even more vivid of Arnold Greissle-Schönberg), Krasner was ambivalent and uncertain, withholding judgment."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Red Vienna in the First Austrian Republic",
"text": "From 1918 to 1921, Webern helped organize and operate the Society for Private Musical Performances, which gave concerts of then-recent or -new music by Béla Bartók, Berg, Ferruccio Busoni, Debussy, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Mahler, Maurice Ravel, Max Reger, Erik Satie, Strauss, Stravinsky, and Webern himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Red Vienna in the First Austrian Republic",
"text": "\" After the dissolution of the Society amid catastrophic hyperinflation in 1921, Webern conducted the Vienna Workers' Symphony Orchestra and Chorus from 1922 to 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Civil War, Austrofascism, Nazism, and World War II",
"text": "Webern's music, along with that of Berg, Křenek, Schoenberg, and others, was denounced as \"cultural Bolshevism\" and \"degenerate art\" by the Nazi Party in Germany, and both publication and performances of it were banned soon after the Anschluss in 1938, although neither did it fare well under the preceding years of Austrofascism."
}
] |
Austrian composer Anton Webern was publicly condemned by the Nazis.
| 0 | 0 |
Anton Webern
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek."
}
] |
JlBO0IgDuVl2aok6A2UT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "R.U.R. was successful in its time in Europe and North America."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play by the Czech writer Karel Čapek."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Critical reception",
"text": "John Clute has lauded R.U.R. as \"a play of exorbitant wit and almost demonic energy\" and lists the play as one of the \"classic titles\" of inter-war science fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Adaptations",
"text": "On 11 February 1938, a thirty-five-minute adaptation of a section of the play was broadcast on BBC Television – the first piece of television science-fiction ever to be broadcast."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered on 25 January 1921 and introduced the word \"robot\" to the English language and to science fiction as a whole."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "One of the robots is seen driving a car with \"RUR\" as the license plate number."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act I",
"text": "By the time the play takes place – around the year 2000 – Robots are cheap and available all over the world."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 1995 science fiction series The Outer Limits, in the remake of the \"I, Robot\" episode from the original 1964 series, the business where the robot Adam Link is built is named \"Rossum Hall Robotics\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The 1935 Soviet film Loss of Sensation, though based on the 1929 novel Iron Riot, has a similar concept to R.U.R., and all the robots in the film prominently display the name \"R.U.R.\" In the American science fiction television series Dollhouse, the antagonist corporation, Rossum Corp., is named after the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history | Adaptations",
"text": "In 1941 BBC radio presented a radio play version, and in 1948, another television adaptation – this time of the entire play, running to ninety minutes – was screened by the BBC."
}
] |
R.U.R. is a 1920 science fiction play and was successful in its time in Europe and North America.
| 0 | 0 |
R.U.R.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Night of the Long Knives (German: Nacht der langen Messer ), or the Röhm Purge, also called Operation Hummingbird (German: Unternehmen Kolibri), was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany from June 30 to July 2, 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finally, Hitler used the purge to attack or eliminate German critics of his new regime, especially those loyal to Vice-Chancellor Franz von Papen, as well as to settle scores with old enemies."
}
] |
JlPlMztKINqWo9DVzFHL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Night of the Long Knives was a turning point for the German government."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Night of the Long Knives represented a triumph for Hitler, and a turning point for the German government."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Night of the Long Knives (German: Nacht der langen Messer ), or the Röhm Purge, also called Operation Hummingbird (German: Unternehmen Kolibri), was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany from June 30 to July 2, 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The phrase \"Night of the Long Knives\" in the German language predates the killings and refers generally to acts of vengeance."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reaction",
"text": "Rumours about the Night of the Long Knives rapidly spread."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Reaction",
"text": "Almost unanimously, the army applauded the Night of the Long Knives, even though the generals Kurt von Schleicher and Ferdinand von Bredow were among the victims."
},
{
"section_header": "Purge | Against conservatives and old enemies",
"text": "The Gestapo also murdered Erich Klausener, the leader of Catholic Action, and a close Papen associate."
},
{
"section_header": "Purge | Against conservatives and old enemies",
"text": "He lifted his arm in the Nazi salute and called out \"Heil Hitler"
},
{
"section_header": "Hitler and the Sturmabteilung (SA)",
"text": "Deprived of Communist party meetings to disrupt, the stormtroopers would sometimes run riot in the streets after a night of drinking; they would attack passers-by and then attack the police who were called to stop them."
},
{
"section_header": "Purge | Against conservatives and old enemies",
"text": "The Party had generally been aligned with the Social Democrats and Catholic Church during the rise of Nazism, being critical of Nazi ideology, but voting nonetheless for the Enabling Act of 1933 which granted Hitler dictatorial authority."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Finally, Hitler used the purge to attack or eliminate German critics of his new regime, especially those loyal to Vice-Chancellor Franz von Papen, as well as to settle scores with old enemies."
}
] |
The Night of the Long Knives, also called Operation Hummingbird, was a violent eradication and turning point for Nazi Germany because Hitler felt the drive to kill off his leaders who were critical of him or who had past associations with his enemies.
| 0 | 0 |
Night of the Long Knives
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "PSG have a long-standing rivalry with Olympique de Marseille."
}
] |
JlVx1uX7lnciY571A4uP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Le Classique",
"text": "Paris Saint-Germain shares an intense rivalry with Olympique de Marseille"
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters",
"text": "Things came to a head in 2010 before a match against Olympique de Marseille in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "PSG have a long-standing rivalry with Olympique de Marseille."
},
{
"section_header": "Friendly tournaments | Tournoi de Paris",
"text": "Initially held by Racing Paris between 1957 and 1966, the Tournoi de Paris briefly returned in 1973 with new organizers Paris FC, before current hosts Paris Saint-Germain successfully relaunched the competition in 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Grounds | Parc des Princes",
"text": "It was the curtain-raiser for that season's opening Ligue 1 match between Paris FC (PFC) and Sochaux."
},
{
"section_header": "Identity | Crest evolution",
"text": "The first crest of Paris Saint-Germain was basically the same as the original Paris FC (PFC) logo."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Paris FC remained in Ligue 1, while PSG were administratively relegated to Division 3."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, they have yet to earn their main objective, the UEFA Champions League."
},
{
"section_header": "Grounds | Stade Municipal Georges Lefèvre",
"text": "It was one of PSG's main grounds until 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "PSG got their revenge in 1974 when they returned to Ligue 1 and Paris FC slipped into the division below."
}
] |
The main competitor of Paris Saint-Germain F.C is the Olympique de Marseille.
| 4 | 6 |
Paris Saint-Germain F.C.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Babur and Humayun (1526–1556)",
"text": "The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline (1707–1857)",
"text": "After a crushing defeat in the war of 1857–1858 which he nominally led, the last Mughal, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British East India Company and exiled in 1858."
}
] |
JlcBOl8B2b9eX5OAKMoe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Akbar to Aurangzeb (1556–1707)",
"text": "He expanded the empire to include almost the whole of South Asia, but at his death in 1707, \"many parts of the empire were in open revolt\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "The Mughal Empire was definitive in the early-modern and modern periods of South Asian history, with its legacy in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan seen in cultural contributions such as: Centralized imperial rule that consolidated the smaller polities of South Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "meaning “son-in-law”), was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Babur and Humayun (1526–1556)",
"text": "The Sur Empire (1540–1555), founded by Sher Shah Suri (reigned 1540–1545), briefly interrupted Mughal rule."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline (1707–1857)",
"text": "The far-off Indian campaign of Nadir Shah, who had previously reestablished Iranian suzerainty over most of West Asia, the Caucasus, and Central Asia, culminated with the Sack of Delhi and shattered the remnants of Mughal power and prestige."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Reduced subsequently, especially during the East India Company rule in India, to the region in and around Old Delhi, the empire was formally dissolved by the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "Among the Mughal UNESCO World Heritage Sites in South Asia are: Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, Red Fort, Humayun's Tomb, Lahore Fort, Shalamar Gardens and the Taj Mahal, which is described as \"the jewel of Muslim art in India, and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage.\" Contemporaries referred to the empire founded by Babur as the Timurid empire, which reflected the heritage of his dynasty, and this was the term preferred by the Mughals themselves."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the Mughal empire was created and sustained by military warfare, it did not vigorously suppress the cultures and peoples it came to rule; rather it equalized and placated them through new administrative practices, and diverse ruling elites, leading to more efficient, centralised, and standardized rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Science | Astronomy",
"text": "During the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Hindu king Jai Singh II of Amber continued the work of Mughal astronomy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The relative peace maintained by the empire during much of the 17th century was a factor in India's economic expansion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Babur and Humayun (1526–1556)",
"text": "The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline (1707–1857)",
"text": "After a crushing defeat in the war of 1857–1858 which he nominally led, the last Mughal, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was deposed by the British East India Company and exiled in 1858."
}
] |
The Mughal Empire was an empire that ruled over South Asia during the 1500s to 1800s.
| 0 | 0 |
Mughal Empire
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Critical reception and legacy",
"text": "Among these new additions were \"Andy the Night-Watch\", \"Isa Nutter,\" \"Plymouth Rock Joe\" and \"The Epilogue.\" Spoon River Anthology was a critical and commercial success."
}
] |
Jlm3VkdMCpUPnyVFpfAI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical reception and legacy",
"text": "\"Masters capitalized on the success of The Spoon River Anthology with a 1924 sequel, The New Spoon River, in which Spoon River became a suburb of Chicago and its inhabitants have been urbanized."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception and legacy",
"text": "Among these new additions were \"Andy the Night-Watch\", \"Isa Nutter,\" \"Plymouth Rock Joe\" and \"The Epilogue.\" Spoon River Anthology was a critical and commercial success."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "By the time Masters wrote the poems that would become Spoon River Anthology, he had already published some poetry, with some success; these prior poems, however, were more conventional in style and subject matter."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception and legacy",
"text": "The second work was less successful and received poorer reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Songwriter Michael Peter Smith's song \"Spoon River\" is loosely based on Spoon River Anthology."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 2011 \"Spoon River Anthology\" was adapted by Tom Andolora into a theatre production with music, called The Spoon River Project."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 2015 \"Spoon River Anthology\" was adapted by Maureen Lucy O'Connell into a play with music called \"Spoon River: the Cemetery on the Hill."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "Masters in particular credited Reedy with introducing him to the Greek Anthology, a collection of classical period epigrams, to which Spoon River Anthology is stylistically similar."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "non all'amore né al cielo, a concept album inspired by Spoon River Anthology."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Percy Grainger wrote a piano-centric work inspired by Spoon River Anthology and based on a preexisting fiddle tune called \"Spoon River\" which has since been adapted for bands."
}
] |
Spoon Silver Anthology was not successful.
| 0 | 0 |
Spoon River Anthology
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Early childhood",
"text": "D.C. He was the third child of Charles August Lindbergh (birth name Carl Månsson; 1859–1924) who had emigrated from Sweden to Melrose, Minnesota as an infant, and his only child with his second wife, Evangeline Lodge Land Lindbergh (1876–1954), of Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Augustus Lindbergh (February 4, 1902 – August 26, 1974) was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, and activist."
}
] |
JmFBJsAPPn19D5WNhy5H
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life | Double life and secret German children",
"text": "Reeve Lindbergh, Lindbergh's youngest child with Anne, wrote in her personal journal in 2003, \"This story reflects absolutely Byzantine layers of deception on the part of our shared father."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Early childhood",
"text": "D.C. He was the third child of Charles August Lindbergh (birth name Carl Månsson; 1859–1924) who had emigrated from Sweden to Melrose, Minnesota as an infant, and his only child with his second wife, Evangeline Lodge Land Lindbergh (1876–1954), of Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Kidnapping of Charles Lindbergh Jr.",
"text": "On the evening of March 1, 1932, twenty-month-old(1 year 8 months) Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr. was abducted from his crib in the Lindbergh's rural home, Highfields, in East Amwell, New Jersey, near the town of Hopewell."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Early aviation career",
"text": "He also briefly worked as an airplane mechanic at the Billings, Montana, municipal airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Air Mail pilot",
"text": "Just before signing on to fly with CAM, Lindbergh had applied to serve as a pilot on Richard E. Byrd's North Pole expedition, but apparently his bid came too late."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Early aviation career",
"text": "Though Lindbergh had not touched an airplane in more than six months, he had already secretly decided he was ready to take to the air by himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Fame",
"text": "And it changed aviation forever because all of a sudden the Wall Streeters were banging on doors looking for airplanes to invest in."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Double life and secret German children",
"text": "After Brigitte and Anne Lindbergh had both died, she made her findings public; in 2003 DNA tests confirmed that Lindbergh had fathered Astrid and her two siblings."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to fame | Air Mail pilot",
"text": "Lindbergh and three other RAC pilots, Philip R. Love, Thomas P. Nelson, and Harlan A. \"Bud\" Gurney, flew the mail over CAM-2 in a fleet of four modified war-surplus de Havilland DH-4 biplanes."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Double life and secret German children",
"text": "He fathered three children with hatmaker Brigitte Hesshaimer (1926–2001), who had lived in the small Bavarian town of Geretsried."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Augustus Lindbergh (February 4, 1902 – August 26, 1974) was an American aviator, military officer, author, inventor, and activist."
}
] |
Charles Lindbergh was the father of a missing child and was a airplane pilot.
| 0 | 0 |
Charles Lindbergh
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company was founded in 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff, Parker Harris, Dave Moellenhoff, and Frank Dominguez as a software as a service (SaaS) company."
}
] |
JmPvfkqCFVsLDTJmsVQj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Operations | Leadership",
"text": "Marc Benioff, Chairman & CEO, co-founder of the company (1999– ) Parker Harris, Co-Founder, oversees product strategy (1999– ) Bret Taylor, President, Chief Product Officer ("
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company was founded in 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff, Parker Harris, Dave Moellenhoff, and Frank Dominguez as a software as a service (SaaS) company."
}
] |
Salesforce.com was originally established in 1999.
| 1 | 3 |
Salesforce.com
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Descent and inheritance",
"text": "Through his mother, Hugh was the nephew of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor; Henry I, Duke of Bavaria; Bruno"
}
] |
JmbbN6DjF8IemJwZ0KWK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Election",
"text": "Louis V, following Louis IV and Lothair, declared that he would take the counsels of the duke of the Franks for his policies."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise of the Robertians",
"text": "Once in power, Louis IV granted him the title of dux Francorum (\"Duke of the Franks\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Descent and inheritance",
"text": "Gerberga was the wife of Louis IV, King of France and mother of Lothair of France and Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine."
},
{
"section_header": "France under Ottonian influence",
"text": "Otto I, King of Germany, intended to bring western Francia under his control, which was possible since he was the maternal uncle of Hugh Capet and Lothair of France, the new king of the Franks, who succeeded Louis IV in 954, at the age of 13."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", he was elected as the successor of the last Carolingian king, Louis V. Hugh was descended from Charlemagne's sons Louis the Pious and Pepin of Italy through his mother and paternal grandmother, respectively, and was also a nephew of Otto the Great."
},
{
"section_header": "Election",
"text": "However, even if Louis died childless, there remained a Carolingian who could ascend the throne: Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine, brother of Lothair, uncle of Louis V, first cousin of Hugh Capet through their mothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Descent and inheritance",
"text": "Through his mother, Hugh was the nephew of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor; Henry I, Duke of Bavaria; Bruno"
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage and issue",
"text": "Their children are as follows: Gisela, or Gisele, who married Hugh I, Count of Ponthieu Hedwig, or Hathui, who married Reginar IV, Count of Hainaut"
},
{
"section_header": "Rise of the Robertians",
"text": "To block his rivals, Hugh the Great brought Louis d'Outremer, the dispossessed son of Charles the Simple, from his exile at the court of Athelstan of England to become king as Louis"
},
{
"section_header": "Hugh Capet in literature",
"text": "Hugh Capet is encountered in the Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri (c.1265-1321); the poet places him on the fifth terrace of Mount Purgatory (Purgatorio, Canto XX) among sinners performing penitence for avarice."
}
] |
Capet was the nephew of Louis IV.
| 2 | 5 |
Hugh Capet
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "A television mini-series of the book, with script by Dennis Potter, music by Richard Rodney Bennett, and with Mary Steenburgen and Peter Strauss as Nicole and Dick, was made by the BBC and shown in 1985 by the BBC in the United Kingdom, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in Canada, and Showtime in the United States."
}
] |
JmfpOqKVSHtEmct9Qf7n
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "The song \"Tender Is the Night\" from the movie soundtrack was nominated for the 1962 Academy Awards for Best Song."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "The film Tender is the Night (1962), based on the novel, starred Jason Robards and Jennifer Jones as the Divers."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "A stage adaptation by Simon Levy, with permission of the Fitzgerald Estate, was produced at The Fountain Theatre, Los Angeles in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in other works | References in film",
"text": "Tender is the Night has appeared in several films."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fitzgerald considered Tender is the Night to be his greatest work."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tender is the Night is the fourth and final novel completed by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "A television mini-series of the book, with script by Dennis Potter, music by Richard Rodney Bennett, and with Mary Steenburgen and Peter Strauss as Nicole and Dick, was made by the BBC and shown in 1985 by the BBC in the United Kingdom, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in Canada, and Showtime in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "It won the PEN Literary Award in Drama and several other awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "Boris Eifman's 2015 ballet Up and Down is based loosely on the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In its first three months of release, Tender Is the Night sold 12,000 copies compared to This Side of Paradise, which sold over 50,000 during a similar frame."
}
] |
Tender is the Night was adapted to TV.
| 0 | 0 |
Tender is the Night
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of immigration and emigration."
}
] |
JmfzHCbpQjdDN50Fplxt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early walls",
"text": "Later, the Han, the Northern Dynasties and the Sui all repaired, rebuilt, or expanded sections of the Great Wall at great cost to defend themselves against northern invaders."
},
{
"section_header": "Course | Ming Great Wall",
"text": "South of Badaling is the Juyong Pass; when used by the Chinese to protect their land, this section of the wall had many guards to defend China's capital Beijing."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of immigration and emigration."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "Its purpose, however, was not defense but rather to prevent Han Chinese migration into Manchuria."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "Similar in function to the Great Wall (whose extension, in a sense, it was), but more basic in construction, the Liaodong Wall enclosed the agricultural heartland of the Liaodong province, protecting it against potential incursions by Jurched-Mongol Oriyanghan from the northwest and the Jianzhou Jurchens from the north."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Wall of China (Chinese: 萬里長城; pinyin: Wànlǐ Chángchéng) is the collective name of a series of fortification systems generally built across the historical northern borders of China to protect and consolidate territories of Chinese states and empires against various nomadic groups of the steppe and their polities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Several walls were being built from as early as the 7th century BC by ancient Chinese states; selective stretches were later joined together by Qin Shi Huang (220–206 BC), the first emperor of China."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "Poetic and informal names for the wall included \"the Purple Frontier\" (紫塞, Zǐsāi) and"
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics",
"text": "Wooden gates could be used as a trap against those going through."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later on, many successive dynasties have built and maintained multiple stretches of border walls."
}
] |
It has severed many purposes including protection against invaders.
| 3 | 4 |
Great Wall of China
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "The six foot, three inch, 230-pound Lombardi was legendarily slow-footed, and during the course of his major league career he grounded into 261 double plays."
}
] |
Jn9Qk4ufuYvgxtdH5H9v
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "\"Lombardi's Big Snooze\"",
"text": "Unfortunately for the Reds and Lombardi, he had failed to wear his protective cup and Lombardi was in pain and dazed."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi flourished in his first year for Cincinnati, batting .303"
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi became one of the Reds' most productive and popular players."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1953, Lombardi had been battling depression and agreed to go to a sanatorium."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Lombardi was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame in 1958."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi played his rookie season for the Robins in 1931 and hit .297."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Defenses would often position all four infielders in the outfield when Lombardi came to the plate."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "While on his way to the facility, Lombardi slit his throat from ear to ear with a razor."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Minor League",
"text": "Lombardi started his professional baseball career for his hometown Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi finished his professional career in the minor leagues for the Oakland Oaks, a championship team in 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "The six foot, three inch, 230-pound Lombardi was legendarily slow-footed, and during the course of his major league career he grounded into 261 double plays."
}
] |
Although Lombardi was 6'3", he was slow-paced.
| 3 | 4 |
Ernie Lombardi
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Seeking to outdo their Athenian rivals, the Eleans employed the renowned sculptor Phidias, who had previously made the massive statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there."
}
] |
JnIG60xWRZNPMsrc0y94
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue of Zeus was commissioned by the Eleans, custodians of the Olympic Games, in the latter half of the fifth century BC for their newly constructed Temple of Zeus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Seeking to outdo their Athenian rivals, the Eleans employed the renowned sculptor Phidias, who had previously made the massive statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "The sanctuary at Olympia fell into disuse."
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "But earlier loss or damage is implied by Lucian of Samosata in the later 2nd century, who referenced it in Timon: \"they have laid hands on your person at Olympia, my lord High-Thunderer, and you had not the energy to wake the dogs or call in the neighbours; surely they might have come to the rescue and caught the fellows before they had finished packing up the loot.\" The approximate date of the statue (the third quarter of the 5th century BC) was confirmed in the rediscovery (1954–58) of Phidias' workshop, approximately where Pausanias said the statue of Zeus was constructed."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "where down to the present day the bronze jar stood to cover the place.\" According to Roman historian Suetonius, the Roman Emperor Caligula gave orders that \"such statues of the gods as were especially famous for their sanctity or their artistic merit, including that of Jupiter at Olympia, should be brought from Greece, in order to remove their heads and put his own in their place."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him—whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Phidias could see him—the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad: ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "\" It seems that if Zeus were to stand up,\" the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, \"he would unroof the temple.\" The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, made with ivory and gold panels on a wooden substructure."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Zeus' golden sandals rested upon a footstool decorated with an Amazonomachy in relief."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zeus was the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus."
}
] |
The Eleans were oversaw the creation of the Statue of Zeus at Olympia
| 0 | 0 |
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
|
Geography
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe honours those who fought and died for France in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces."
}
] |
Jnn9H7XlnJcjtp4pZW2I
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe honours those who fought and died for France in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "The names of those who died on the battlefield are underlined."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "La Résistance de 1814, by Antoine Étex commemorates the French Resistance to the Allied Armies during the War of the Sixth Coalition."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "The steel and new media installation interrogates the symbolism of the national monument, questioning the balance of its symbolic message during the last two centuries, oscillating between war and peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "The face of the allegorical representation of France calling forth her people on this last was used as the belt buckle for the honorary rank of Marshal of France."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "The architect, Jean Chalgrin, died in 1811 and the work was taken over by Jean-Nicolas Huyot."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "POUR LA PATRIE 1914–1918 (\"Here lies a French soldier who died for the fatherland 1914–1918\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "The sculptural group celebrates the cause of the French First Republic during the 10 August uprising."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "The inside walls of the monument list the names of 660 people, among which are 558 French generals of the First French Empire; The names of those generals killed in battle are underlined."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "This group served as a recruitment tool in the early months of World War I and encouraged the French to invest in war loans in 1915–1916."
}
] |
It does honour those who fought and died for France during different wars.
| 4 | 9 |
Arc de Triomphe
|
Science
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Death",
"text": "A few months later, on 4 July 1934, she died at the Sancellemoz sanatorium in Passy, Haute-Savoie, from aplastic anaemia believed to have been contracted from her long-term exposure to radiation."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Death",
"text": "Because of their levels of radioactive contamination, her papers from the 1890s are considered too dangerous to handle."
}
] |
JoU919TzpVTKQZ8YMraj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Nobel Prizes",
"text": "Curie's quest to create a new laboratory did not end with the University of Paris, however."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "Maria's father was an atheist; her mother a devout Catholic."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "Maria's loss of the relationship with Żorawski was tragic for both."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "The deaths of Maria's mother and sister caused her to give up Catholicism and become agnostic."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | New elements",
"text": "She hypothesized that the radiation was not the outcome of some interaction of molecules but must come from the atom itself."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "Less than three years earlier, Maria's oldest sibling, Zofia, had died of typhus contracted from a boarder."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Death",
"text": "Although her many decades of exposure to radiation caused chronic illnesses (including near-blindness due to cataracts) and ultimately her death, she never really acknowledged the health risks of radiation exposure."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years",
"text": "Maria's mother Bronisława operated a prestigious Warsaw boarding school for girls; she resigned from the position after Maria was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | New elements",
"text": "They were unaware of the deleterious effects of radiation exposure attendant on their continued unprotected work with radioactive substances."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "As a result of Rutherford's experiments with alpha radiation, the nuclear atom was first postulated."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Death",
"text": "A few months later, on 4 July 1934, she died at the Sancellemoz sanatorium in Passy, Haute-Savoie, from aplastic anaemia believed to have been contracted from her long-term exposure to radiation."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Death",
"text": "Because of their levels of radioactive contamination, her papers from the 1890s are considered too dangerous to handle."
}
] |
Maria's life was ended , somewhat predictably, by radiation.
| 3 | 8 |
Maria Skłodowska-Curie
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by the American poet Walt Whitman (1819–1892)."
}
] |
JofvBp3qtsP2UUM3sE5g
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This resulted in vastly different editions over four decades—the first, a small book of twelve poems and the last, a compilation of over 400."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response and controversy",
"text": "Thomas Wentworth Higginson wrote, \"It is no discredit to Walt Whitman that he wrote Leaves of Grass, only that he did not burn it afterwards.\" The Saturday Press printed a thrashing review that advised its author to commit suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response and controversy",
"text": "Critic Rufus Wilmot Griswold reviewed Leaves of Grass in the November 10, 1855, issue of The Criterion, calling it \"a mass of stupid filth\", and categorized its author as a filthy free lover."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Whitman's collection of poems in Leaves of Grass is usually interpreted according to the individual poems contained within its individual editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | \"Deathbed edition\"",
"text": "By the time this last edition was completed, Leaves of Grass had grown from a small book of 12 poems to a hefty tome of almost 400 poems."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poems of Leaves of Grass are loosely connected, with each representing Whitman's celebration of his philosophy of life and humanity."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Initial publication",
"text": "The title Leaves of Grass was a pun."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Episode eight of season five (\"Gliding Over All\", after poem 271 of Leaves of Grass) pulls together many of the series' references to Leaves of Grass, such as the fact that Walter White has the same initials as Walt Whitman (as noted in episode four of season four, \"Bullet Points\", and made more salient in \"Gliding Over All\"), that leads Hank Schrader to realize Walt is Heisenberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history and origin | Sections",
"text": "By its later editions, Leaves of Grass had grown to fourteen sections."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Whitman was a believer in phrenology (in the 1855 preface to Leaves of Grass"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leaves of Grass is a poetry collection by the American poet Walt Whitman (1819–1892)."
}
] |
The author Leaves of Grass, a compilation of poems was a French nobleman.
| 3 | 5 |
Leaves of Grass
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Prague Spring (Czech: Pražské jaro, Slovak: Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic."
}
] |
JohauUGQsQOoxYlDbfJx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Memory | Conflicted memories",
"text": "The Prague Spring also influenced a renewal of the Prague artistic and cultural scene as well as a liberalization of society which deeply marked the following years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Prague Spring (Czech: Pražské jaro, Slovak: Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "A decade later, a period of Chinese political liberalization became known as the Beijing Spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Socialism with a human face | Action Programme",
"text": "The programme was based on the view that \"Socialism cannot mean only liberation of the working people from the domination of exploiting class relations, but must make more provisions for a fuller life of the personality than any bourgeois democracy."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1963 Liblice Conference",
"text": "In May 1963, some Marxist intellectuals organized the Liblice Conference that discussed Franz Kafka's life, marking the beginning of the cultural democratization of Czechoslovakia which ultimately led to the 1968 Prague Spring, an era of political liberalization."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "\"The Prague Spring is featured in several works of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Memory | Conflicted memories",
"text": "Indeed, the great achievements of the Prague Spring, i. e."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Normalization and censorship",
"text": "\"While this was not yet the end of the media's freedom after the Prague Spring, it was the beginning of the end."
},
{
"section_header": "Memory | Conflicted memories",
"text": "The memory of the Prague Spring is thus largely obscured and often overviewed."
},
{
"section_header": "Memory | Conflicted memories",
"text": "In addition, the revitalization of the society was also an essential component of the Prague Spring."
}
] |
Prague Spring was a liberalization of the Crimean people.
| 0 | 0 |
Prague Spring
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She co-owned the Newark Eagles baseball franchise in the Negro leagues with her husband Abe Manley from 1935 to 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Newark Eagles",
"text": "She displayed particular skill in the area of marketing and often scheduled promotions that advanced the Civil Rights Movement."
}
] |
JosRbBx648cEZowGtr79
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "She related a story of when her husband, Abe Manley took her to Tiffany's in New York for an engagement ring."
},
{
"section_header": "Activism",
"text": "Another example of the relationship Effa helped forge with the community was copying a practice of another team which allowed the city's youth to attend games for free."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She co-owned the Newark Eagles baseball franchise in the Negro leagues with her husband Abe Manley from 1935 to 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Newark Eagles",
"text": "She married Abe Manley in 1935 after meeting him at a New York Yankees game, and he involved her extensively in the operation of his own club, the Newark Eagles in Newark, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "She moved into a rest home run by former Negro league player Quincy Trouppe."
},
{
"section_header": "Activism",
"text": "Because of Effa Manley, the Newark Eagles were as important to black Newark as the Dodgers were to Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Newark Eagles",
"text": "She displayed particular skill in the area of marketing and often scheduled promotions that advanced the Civil Rights Movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Effa Louise Manley (March 27, 1897 – April 16, 1981) was an American sports executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 2010, her life was the subject of a children's book, She Loved Baseball: The Effa Manley Story, written by Audrey Vernick and illustrated by Don Tate."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Regardless of her ethnic origins, Effa Manley thought of herself as a black woman and was perceived by all who knew her as just that.\" Author Ted Schwarz wrote, \"She was a white woman who passed as a black... She could stay in any hotel she desired."
}
] |
Effa Manley was talented in marketing helping her husband Ronnie Manly run the Yankees.
| 0 | 0 |
Effa Manley
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes and elements | Soft Kitty",
"text": "In the show, the song \"Soft Kitty\" was described by Sheldon as a song sung by his mother when he was ill."
}
] |
JotpQ9Fc92XFGRckVWTm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "The Canadian alternative rock band Barenaked Ladies wrote and recorded the show's theme song, which describes the history and formation of the universe and the Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "Lorre and Prady phoned him shortly thereafter and asked him to write the theme song."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "Having been asked to write songs for other films and shows, but ending up being rejected because producers favored songs by other artists, Robertson agreed to write the theme only after learning that Lorre and Prady had not asked anyone else."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "Although some unofficial pages identify the song title as \"History of Everything,\" the cover art for the single identifies"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "On October 9, 2007, a full-length (1 minute and 45 seconds) version of the song was released commercially."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters",
"text": "A competent artist, Stuart is a graduate of the prestigious Rhode Island School of Design, and though he is socially awkward"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "Co-lead singer Ed Robertson was asked by Lorre and Prady to write a theme song for the show after the producers attended one of the band's concerts in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes and elements | Sheldon and Amy's relationship",
"text": "Amy accepts Sheldon's romantic speech even after learning that it is a line from the first Spider-Man movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Theme song",
"text": "In September 2015, TMZ uncovered court documents showing that Steven Page sued former bandmate Robertson over the song, alleging that he was promised 20 percent of the proceeds, but that Robertson has kept that money for himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The show's pilot episode premiered on September 24, 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes and elements | Soft Kitty",
"text": "In the show, the song \"Soft Kitty\" was described by Sheldon as a song sung by his mother when he was ill."
}
] |
The damnable cat song has a place in the show's Wiki article, even though the word 'bazinga' does not.
| 1 | 6 |
The Big Bang Theory
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Differences from the book",
"text": "Unlike the book, the film covers only the first seven months of the Watergate scandal, from the time of the break-in to Nixon's second inauguration on January 20, 1973."
}
] |
JpJ0qvvzJPV2DS9kjzlh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly ranked All the President's Men as one of its 25 \"Powerful Political Thrillers\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Sundance Productions, which Redford owns, produced a two-hour documentary entitled \"All The President's Men\" Revisited."
},
{
"section_header": "Differences from the book",
"text": "The film introduced the catchphrase \"follow the money\" in relation to the case, which did not appear in the book or any documentation of Watergate."
},
{
"section_header": "Differences from the book",
"text": "Unlike the book, the film covers only the first seven months of the Watergate scandal, from the time of the break-in to Nixon's second inauguration on January 20, 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "All the President's Men grossed $70.6 million at the box office."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "It simultaneously recounts how The Washington Post broke Watergate and how the scandal unfolded, going behind the scenes of the film."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Broadcast on Discovery Channel Worldwide on March 24, 2013, the documentary focuses on the Watergate case and the subsequent film adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Footage from the film is used, as well as interviews with Redford and Hoffman as well as actual central characters including Woodward, Bernstein, Bradlee, John Dean and Alexander Butterfield."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Directed by Alan J. Pakula with a screenplay by William Goldman, it is based on the 1974 non-fiction book of the same name by Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, the two journalists investigating the Watergate scandal for The Washington Post."
}
] |
The 1976 film All the President's Men is not based on a book.
| 0 | 0 |
All the President's Men (film)
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "\" Jackson's portrayal the film was likened to Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly in The Devil Wears Prada."
}
] |
JpK6AY0WPhXksrTkeVnx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "Her performance earned Black Reel Awards nominations in the categories of Outstanding Supporting Actress and Outstanding Ensemble."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "In November 2010, Jackson starred as Joanna in the drama For Colored Girls, the film adaptation of Ntozake Shange's 1975 play For Colored Girls"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "Her performance earned an Image Award for \"Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1993–1996: Janet, Poetic Justice, and Design of a Decade",
"text": "While the film received mixed reviews, her performance was described as \"beguiling\" and \"believably eccentric.\" Jackson's ballad \"Again\", which was written for the film, received Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations for \"Best Original Song."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1993–1996: Janet, Poetic Justice, and Design of a Decade",
"text": "\"The Janet World Tour launched in support of the studio album garnered criticism for Jackson's lack of vocal proficiency and spontaneity, but earned critical acclaim for her showmanship."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1997–1999: The Velvet Rope",
"text": "The concert won an Emmy Award from a total of four nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1986–1988: Control",
"text": "It also won four American Music Awards from twelve nominations, an unbroken record."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1989–1992: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814",
"text": "Joel Selvin of the San Francisco Chronicle wrote \"the 23-year-old has been making smash hit records for four years, becoming a fixture on MTV and a major role model to teenage girls across the country\", and William Allen, then-executive vice president of the United Negro College Fund, told the Los Angeles Times, \"Jackson is a role model for all young people to emulate and the message she has gotten to the young people of this country through the lyrics of 'Rhythm Nation 1814' is having positive effects."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2000–2003: Nutty Professor II: The Klumps and All for You",
"text": "Richard Harrington of the Washington Post said Jackson's performance surpassed her contemporaries, but Bob Massy of Spin thought her dancers \"threw crisper moves\" and her supporting singers were mixed nearly as high, though declared \"Janet cast herself as the real entertainment.\" Jackson donated a portion of the tour's proceeds to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2014: Film projects and True You",
"text": "\" Jackson's portrayal the film was likened to Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly in The Devil Wears Prada."
}
] |
Janet Jackson's performance in For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf earned awards nominations.
| 3 | 4 |
Janet Jackson
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "The book was published simultaneously in America and England in late 1860; the title for the British edition was Transformation: Or the Romance of Monte Beni."
}
] |
JpTVW2WgMJk3JfMMAgka
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni, also known by the British title Transformation, was the last of the four major romances by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and was published in 1860."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "He considered several, including Monte Beni; or, The Faun: A Romance, The Romance of a Faun, Marble and Life; a Romance, Marble and Man; a Romance, and St. Hilda's Shrine."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "On October 10, 1859, he wrote to his American publisher James Thomas Fields that his wife enjoyed what she had read thus far and \"speaks of it very rapturously."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "The book was published simultaneously in America and England in late 1860; the title for the British edition was Transformation: Or the Romance of Monte Beni."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Donatello amazingly resembles the marble Faun of Praxiteles, and the novel plays with the characters’ belief that the Count may be a descendant of the antique Faun."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Marble Faun, written on the eve of the American Civil War, is set in a fantastical Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "A Marble Faun is also the title of a book of poetry published in 1924 by William Faulkner."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "In early 1858, Hawthorne was inspired to write his romance when he saw the Faun of Praxiteles in the Palazzo Nuovo of the Capitoline Museum in Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "The alternate title was chosen by the publishers and was used against Hawthorne's wishes."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Donatello, the Count of Monte Beni, is often compared to Adam and is in love with Miriam."
}
] |
Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni was also known as The Faun of Praxiteles in its pre-publication draft form edited by his American publisher, James Thomas Fields.
| 1 | 1 |
The Marble Faun
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Heiress received universal critical acclaim and won four Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Catherine Sloper (Olivia de Havilland) is a plain, painfully shy woman whose exacting, and emotionally detached father, New York physician Austin Sloper (Ralph Richardson), makes no secret of his disappointment in her."
}
] |
Jpm6UMV9IYdtIBVizkSf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Heiress is a 1949 American drama film produced and directed by William Wyler and starring Olivia de Havilland as Catherine Sloper, Montgomery Clift as Morris Townsend, and Ralph Richardson as Dr. Sloper."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Catherine Sloper (Olivia de Havilland) is a plain, painfully shy woman whose exacting, and emotionally detached father, New York physician Austin Sloper (Ralph Richardson), makes no secret of his disappointment in her."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written American Drama"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1996, The Heiress was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is about a young naive woman who falls in love with a handsome young man, despite the objections of her emotionally abusive father who suspects the man of being a fortune hunter."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He is terribly bitter about the loss of his charming and beautiful wife, whom he feels fate replaced with a simple and unalluring daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Heiress received universal critical acclaim and won four Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "When they return to New York, Dr. Sloper threatens to disinherit his daughter if she marries Morris, and they have a bitter argument in which he makes his disdain and distaste for her abundantly clear, and she realizes how poorly he views her."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "play The Heiress. The play was suggested by the 1880 novel Washington Square by Henry James."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "After seeing The Heiress on Broadway, Olivia de Havilland approached William Wyler about directing her in a screen adaptation of the play."
}
] |
The Heiress is a 1949 award-winning American film about a daughter who is a disappointment to her father.
| 0 | 0 |
The Heiress
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She developed a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shells, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963, which she shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Wigner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the second woman to win a Nobel Prize in physics, the first being Marie Curie."
}
] |
Jq3vybhR6gy5jhQ4xMjJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Nuclear shell model",
"text": "In 1963, Goeppert Mayer, Jensen, and Wigner shared the Nobel Prize for Physics \"for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the second woman to win a Nobel Prize in physics, the first being Marie Curie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Maria Goeppert Mayer (June 28, 1906 – February 20, 1972) was a German-born American theoretical physicist, and Nobel laureate in Physics for proposing the nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1986, the Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award for early-career women physicists was established in her honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her examiners were three Nobel prize winners: Max Born, James Franck and Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus (in 1954, 1925, and 1928, respectively)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She developed a mathematical model for the structure of nuclear shells, for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963, which she shared with J. Hans D. Jensen and Eugene Wigner."
},
{
"section_header": "Nuclear shell model",
"text": "\" She was the second female Nobel laureate in physics, after Marie Curie, and would be the last for over half a century, until Donna Strickland was awarded the prize in 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Maria Goeppert married Joseph Edward Mayer and moved to the United States, where he was an associate professor at Johns Hopkins University."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "After her death, the Maria Goeppert Mayer Award was created by the American Physical Society (APS) to honor young female physicists at the beginning of their careers."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Crater Goeppert Mayer on Venus, which has a diameter of about 35 km, is also named after Goeppert-Mayer."
}
] |
Maria Goeppert Mayer won the Nobel Prize.
| 1 | 4 |
Maria Goeppert-Mayer
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rangers Football Club is a Scottish professional football club based in the Govan district of Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although not its official name, it is often referred to as Glasgow Rangers."
}
] |
JqRrZGHLZ4f8YNKByUbE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Sponsors | Official Partners",
"text": "Tennent's Lager Official Payments Partner – Sporting Pay Official Video Game Partner – eFootball Pro Evolution Soccer 2021"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although not its official name, it is often referred to as Glasgow Rangers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rangers has a long-standing rivalry with Celtic, the two Glasgow clubs being collectively known as the Old Firm, which is considered one of the world's biggest football derbies."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters and rivalries | Rivalries",
"text": "The club's most distinct rivalry is with Glasgow neighbours Celtic F.C.; the two clubs are collectively known as the Old Firm."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "The series was originally broadcast in the winter of 2003 with a follow up episode in 2011.In 2008, celebrity chef Gordon Ramsay returned to Rangers, the club he played for as a youth, to teach them how to cook in Series 4, Episode 12 of The F Word."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rangers Football Club is a Scottish professional football club based in the Govan district of Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Insolvency and the lower leagues",
"text": "Under McCall, Rangers finished third in the league and then reached the Premiership play-off final, which they lost 6–1 on aggregate to Motherwell."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation, early years and William Wilton",
"text": "After finishing joint-top with Dumbarton, a play-off held at Cathkin Park finished 2–2 and the title was shared for the only time in its history."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsors | Official Partners",
"text": "Official Academy Partner – Carrick Packaging Official Lager Partner –"
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsors | Official Partners",
"text": "Official Kit Manufacturer, Retail, Merchandise and Licensing Partner - Castore Official Club Sponsor – 32Red Official Sleeve Partner - Tomket Tires"
}
] |
The Rangers F. C. or officially known as Glasgow Rangers play in Scotland's top soccer league.
| 0 | 5 |
Rangers F.C.
|
Music
| 9 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and children",
"text": "Conor died on 20 March 1991 at the age of four after falling out of an open bedroom window on the 53rd floor of a Manhattan apartment building."
}
] |
JqxGe2WH5op94YwNmI9v
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and children",
"text": "Although both were married to other partners at the time, they had a daughter in January 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and children",
"text": "They have three daughters , Julie Rose (born 13 June 2001), Ella May (born 14 January 2003), and Sophie Belle (born 1 February 2005) His grandson Isaac Eric Owen Bartlett was born in June 2013 to his oldest daughter Ruth and her husband Dean Bartlett."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Clapton, Old Sock and I Still Do",
"text": "The album includes the original 14 tracks, remastered, as well as 6 additional tracks, including 2 versions of \"My Father's Eyes\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Clapton, Old Sock and I Still Do",
"text": "On 24 June 2011, Clapton was in concert with Pino Daniele in Cava de' Tirreni stadium before performing a series of concerts in South America from 6 to 16 October 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | Cream",
"text": "\"White Room\" (No. 6, 1968) and \"Crossroads\" (No. 28, 1969) – a live version of Robert Johnson's \"Cross Road Blues\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Clapton, Old Sock and I Still Do",
"text": "On 30 April 2014, Clapton announced the release of The Breeze: An Appreciation of JJ Cale as an homage to J. J. Cale who died on 26 July 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career, breakthrough, and international success | Cream",
"text": "Recordings from the London shows, Royal Albert Hall London May 2-3-5-6, 2005, were released on CD, LP and DVD in late 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "In his autobiography, Clapton recounted the first time he saw Holly and his Fender, saying, \"I thought I'd died and gone to heaven ... it was like seeing an instrument from outer space"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Collaboration albums",
"text": "He learned that Clapton's father was Edward Walter Fryer, born 21 March 1920, in Montreal and died 15 May 1985 in Newmarket, Ontario."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Collaboration albums",
"text": "On 29 November 2002, the Concert for George was held at the Royal Albert Hall, a tribute to George Harrison, who had died a year earlier of lung cancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and children",
"text": "Conor died on 20 March 1991 at the age of four after falling out of an open bedroom window on the 53rd floor of a Manhattan apartment building."
}
] |
Clapton had a daughter that died when she was 6.
| 3 | 9 |
Eric Clapton
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Other acts to have performed at the stadium are Metallica, One Direction, U2, The Killers, Green Day, Foo Fighters, Eminem, Madonna, Taylor Swift, Beyoncé, Coldplay, Oasis, Take That, BTS and AC/DC."
}
] |
JqzWDsVs4U6nM4BuMcUc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "With the first show being sold out in under 30 minutes, a second London show was added to the schedule, set for July 3, 2016 which also sold out."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Beyoncé performed 2 sold-out shows on her Formation Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "On 10–12 July 2015, Ed Sheeran performed three sold-out shows at Wembley as part of his world tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "June also saw two sold-out shows by Fleetwood Mac's new line-up."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Madonna played Wembley in 2008 during her Sticky and Sweet Tour, to a sold-out audience of 74,000."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "In June 2019 the Spice Girls performed the last 3 sold out dates of their Spice World - 2019 Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Bid to buy",
"text": "The offer was withdrawn on 17 October 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports | Boxing",
"text": "Joshua in 2018 additionally took on Alexander Povetkin at the stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Bid to buy",
"text": "In April 2018, Shahid Khan, the owner of Fulham F.C. and the Jacksonville Jaguars, put forward an offer to purchase Wembley Stadium from the FA."
},
{
"section_header": "Stadium | Covering",
"text": "The sliding roof design minimises the shadow by having the roof pulled back on the east, west and south."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Other acts to have performed at the stadium are Metallica, One Direction, U2, The Killers, Green Day, Foo Fighters, Eminem, Madonna, Taylor Swift, Beyoncé, Coldplay, Oasis, Take That, BTS and AC/DC."
}
] |
Kanye West had a sold out show at Wembley Stadium in 2018.
| 0 | 0 |
Wembley Stadium
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founder of the Democratic Party, he had previously served as the ninth governor of New York, the tenth United States secretary of state, and the eighth vice president of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
}
] |
JrVyeeZcmMXQqLpxQlXp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Trained as a lawyer, he quickly became involved in politics as a member of the Democratic-Republican Party, and won a seat in the New York State Senate, then the United States Senate in 1821."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founder of the Democratic Party, he had previously served as the ninth governor of New York, the tenth United States secretary of state, and the eighth vice president of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Jackson administration | Presidential election of 1836",
"text": "Van Buren's competitors in the election of 1836 were three members of the Whig Party, which remained a loose coalition bound by mutual opposition to Jackson's anti-bank policies."
},
{
"section_header": "Jackson administration | Presidential election of 1836",
"text": "By the end of the campaign of 1836, the new party system was almost complete, as nearly every faction had been absorbed by either the Democrats or the Whigs."
},
{
"section_header": "Jackson administration | Vice-presidency",
"text": "During Jackson's second term, the president's supporters began to refer to themselves as members of the Democratic Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Jackson administration | Presidential election of 1836",
"text": "President Andrew Jackson declined to seek another term in the 1836 presidential election, but he remained influential within the Democratic Party as his second term came to an end."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, Van Buren is largely regarded today as a leader in the formation of the two-party system in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Also, in an episode of The Monkees, \"Dance, Monkee, Dance\", a dance instruction studio offers free lessons to anyone who can answer the question, \"Who was the eighth president of the United States?\" Martin Van Buren appears at the studio to claim the prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At Jackson's behest, the 1832 Democratic National Convention nominated Van Buren for Vice President of the United States, and he took office after the Democratic ticket won the 1832 presidential election."
}
] |
Martin Van Buren was a member of the Democratic Party and President of the United States in 1836.
| 0 | 0 |
Martin Van Buren
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Bans",
"text": "In 2010, the Culpeper County, Virginia school system banned the 50th Anniversary \"Definitive Edition\" of Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, due to \"complaints about its sexual content and homosexual themes."
}
] |
JrZqGXW3znW01xY3fCd3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Bans",
"text": "\"The American Library Association stated that there have been six challenges to the book in the United States since it started keeping records on bans and challenges in 1990, and that \"[m]ost of the concerns were about sexually explicit material\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Bans",
"text": "In 2010, the Culpeper County, Virginia school system banned the 50th Anniversary \"Definitive Edition\" of Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, due to \"complaints about its sexual content and homosexual themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Publication in English",
"text": "The book appeared in the United States and in the United Kingdom in 1952, becoming a best-seller."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dagboekbrieven 14 Juni 1942 – 1 Augustus 1944 (The Annex: Diary Notes 14 June 1942 – 1 August 1944) by Contact Publishing in Amsterdam in 1947, the diary received widespread critical and popular attention on the appearance of its English language translation Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl by Doubleday & Company (United States) and Vallentine Mitchell (United Kingdom) in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "I had no idea of the depths of her thoughts and feelings.\" Michael Berenbaum, former director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, wrote, \"Precocious in style and insight, it traces her emotional growth amid adversity."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Bans",
"text": "In 2009, the terror group Hezbollah called to ban the book in Lebanese schools, arguing that the text was an apology to Jews, Zionism and Israel."
},
{
"section_header": "Copyright and ownership of the originals | Anne Frank Fonds",
"text": "The copyright however belongs to the Anne Frank Fonds, a Switzerland-based foundation of Basel which was the sole inheritor of Frank after his death in 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history",
"text": "There are two versions of the diary written by Anne Frank."
},
{
"section_header": "Copyright and ownership of the originals | Authorship",
"text": "Attard had criticised this action only as a \"question of money\", and Ertzscheid concurred, stating, \"It [the diary] belongs to everyone."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Diary of a Young Girl, also known as The Diary of Anne Frank, is a book of the writings from the Dutch language diary kept by Anne Frank while she was in hiding for two years with her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands."
}
] |
The Diary of Anne Frank was banned in the United States in 2010.
| 0 | 0 |
The Diary of Anne Frank
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Three years later, after a tryout with the Cubs didn’t pan out, he signed a contract at the age of 16 with the New York Giants."
}
] |
Jrk3HBuh4tPgOvMdORX7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Pirates, Cubs, and Dodgers",
"text": "Starting at third base ahead of Stan Hack, he was later shifted to fill a void in center field."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "\" But a bad-hop bouncer over his head in the 12th inning of the seventh game gave the series to the Senators and became an enduring moment in baseball lore. \" So they won it,\" Lindstrom later recalled. \" (Giants pitcher) Jack Bentley, who was something of a philosopher, I think summed it up after the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He came to the Pirates as \"a strong defensive player and even better right-handed line drive hitter.\" (Dave Finoli and Bill Rainer: The Pittsburgh Pirates Encyclopedia, 1933.) Lindstrom was included in the balloting for the National Baseball Hall of Fame starting in 1949, but he never received more than 4.4% of the vote from the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "For the seven comparable seasons that Lindstrom played third base, his fielding percentage tops that of Traynor each year."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born on Chicago's South Side not far from Comiskey Park, Lindstrom as a youngster was an ardent White Sox fan, often playing hooky from school to watch their games."
},
{
"section_header": "Later career and personal life",
"text": "The youngest of their three sons, Chuck Lindstrom, played briefly for the 1958 Chicago White Sox, walking and tripling for a perfect 1.000 batting average and on-base percentage in two plate appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Pirates, Cubs, and Dodgers",
"text": "\"I have been in this league 12 years,\" Lindstrom reportedly said, \"and it never happened to me until I put on a Brooklyn uniform.\" In 13 years in the major leagues, Lindstrom was in 1438 games played, compiling a .311 batting average (1747-5611), with 895 runs, 301 doubles, 81 triples, 103 home runs and 779 RBI."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "the decade's best. From his rookie season in 1924 through 1930 as a Giants third baseman, a span of seven years during which he batted .328 and played brilliantly in the field, Lindstrom seemed headed for a place among the game's all-time greatest players."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "Called up in 1924 and eventually replacing the injured Heinie Groh at third base, 18-year-old Lindstrom batted .333 in the World Series including four hits in one game against Washington's Walter Johnson while playing errorless baseball in the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Pirates, Cubs, and Dodgers",
"text": "At season's end, despite fielding .990 and again outhitting Lloyd Waner while playing in 43 fewer games, Lindstrom was traded to the Chicago Cubs where he quickly became what Cubs manager Charley Grimm later called \"a vital asset\" in the team's 1935 league championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Three years later, after a tryout with the Cubs didn’t pan out, he signed a contract at the age of 16 with the New York Giants."
}
] |
Lindstrom started playing in the NLB when he was a teenager.
| 0 | 0 |
Freddie Lindstrom
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cuban League career",
"text": "Along with Martín Dihigo and José Méndez, Torriente is considered one of the greatest baseball players from Cuba."
}
] |
JrsqXM97qq16oi2zGLYz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "He won the batting title in 1920 and in 1923 with a .412 average."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In 1923, he was sent out of the game in the third inning after objecting to Umpire Gholson's call at second base."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban League career",
"text": "He earned two batting titles and hit as high as .402."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban League career",
"text": "Along with Martín Dihigo and José Méndez, Torriente is considered one of the greatest baseball players from Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Torriente led the American Giants to Negro National League pennants from 1920 to 1922 while batting .411, .338, and .342 for these seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Indianapolis ABC's manager C.I. Taylor stated, \"If I see Torriente walking up the other side of the street, I would say, 'There walks a ballclub.'\" In the 2001 book The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, Bill James ranked Torriente as the 67th greatest baseball player ever."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cristóbal Torriente (November 16, 1893 – April 11, 1938) was a Cuban outfielder in Negro league baseball with the Cuban Stars, All Nations, Chicago American Giants, Kansas City Monarchs and Detroit Stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Torriente was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro league career",
"text": "Torriente was traded to the Kansas City Monarchs in 1926 and led the team with a .381 batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban League career",
"text": "In 1920, his team, Almendares, played a nine-game series against the New York Giants."
}
] |
Cristóbal Torriente was a Dominican baseball player who won the batting title in 1920 and 1923.
| 0 | 0 |
Cristóbal Torriente
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They played in the world's first international football match in 1872, against Scotland."
}
] |
JsQroSF6jV9V6ZqDdwSm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The England national football team represents England in men's international football and is governed by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England, as a country of the United Kingdom, is not a member of the International Olympic Committee and therefore the national team does not compete at the Olympic Games."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England is the oldest national team in football."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They played in the world's first international football match in 1872, against Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "This match, played at Hamilton Crescent in Scotland, is viewed as the first official international football match, because the two teams were independently selected and operated, rather than being the work of a single football association."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Crest",
"text": "The motif of the England national football team has three lions passant guardant, the emblem of King Richard I, who reigned from 1189 to 1199."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "The England national football team is the joint-oldest in the world; it was formed at the same time as Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It competes in the three major international tournaments; the FIFA World Cup, the UEFA European Championship and the UEFA Nations League."
},
{
"section_header": "Home stadium",
"text": "The stadium is now owned by the Football Association, via its subsidiary Wembley National Stadium Limited."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "A return fixture was organised by representatives of Scottish football teams on 30 November 1872."
}
] |
England national football team competed in the first ever international football game in the late 1800's.
| 2 | 5 |
England national football team
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The elder Ruth then became a counterman in a family-owned combination grocery and saloon business on Frederick Street."
}
] |
JtCMosAUr8bxbtOtgvdj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "Two of Ruth's victories were by the score of 1–0, one in a 13-inning game."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Due to a marketing arrangement, in 2005, the Baby Ruth bar became the official candy bar of Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Emergence as a hitter",
"text": "On September 20, \"Babe Ruth Day\" at Fenway Park, Ruth won the game with a home run in the bottom of the ninth inning, tying Williamson."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | \"Called shot\" and final Yankee years (1929–1934)",
"text": "Charlie Devens, who, in 1999, was interviewed as Ruth's surviving teammate in that game, did not think so), the incident has gone down in legend as Babe Ruth's called shot."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In her book, My Dad, the Babe, Dorothy claimed that she was Ruth's biological child by a mistress named Juanita Jennings."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "As he approached Ruth's record, Aaron stated, \"I can't remember a day this year or last when I did not hear the name of Babe Ruth."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "She died in 1904 and the bar was first marketed in 1921, at the height of the craze over Ruth."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | \"Called shot\" and final Yankee years (1929–1934)",
"text": "They were briefly silenced when Ruth hit a three-run home run off Charlie Root in the first inning, but soon revived, and the Cubs tied the score at 4–4 in the fourth inning, partly due to Ruth's fielding error in the outfield."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "One long-term survivor of the craze over Ruth may be the Baby Ruth candy bar."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He later sought to market candy bearing his name; he was refused a trademark because of the Baby Ruth bar."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The elder Ruth then became a counterman in a family-owned combination grocery and saloon business on Frederick Street."
}
] |
Babe Ruth's father worked in a bar.
| 0 | 0 |
Babe Ruth
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Linda Harris, superior court judge, adjunct law professor, and Charlie's girlfriend (season 5) Missi Pyle as Miss Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher (seasons 2, 7, 9 and 12; played by Alicia Witt in season 6) Odette Annable as Nicole, brief love interest of Walden and majority owner of a garage-based tech start-up Walden joins (season 11) Patton Oswalt as Billy Stanhope, Walden's former business partner who dates Bridget (seasons 9–10) Rebecca McFarland as Leanne, Pavlov's bartender (seasons 1–10) Robert Wagner as Nathan Krunk (alias \"Teddy Leopold\"), Evelyn's fifth husband, thought to be Courtney's father, but later revealed to be a con artist (seasons 4–5) Ryan Stiles as Herb Melnick, a pediatrician who becomes Judith's second ex-husband (seasons 2, 4–10, 12) Sophie Winkleman as Zoey Hyde-Tottingham-Pierce, Walden's love interest following his divorce from Bridget (seasons 9–10, 12) Talyan Wright as Ava Pierce, Zoey's seven-year-old daughter (seasons 9–10) Tinashe Kachingwe as Celeste Burnette, Jake's girlfriend whose father strongly disapproves of their relationship (seasons 6–7) Guest stars have included: Aisha Tyler as an adoption lawyer to whom Walden goes when he wants a child (season 12, episode 1) Alicia Witt as Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher who becomes a stripper (season 6) Allison Janney as Beverly, Alan's online dating partner (season 4) Amy Hill as Mrs. Wiggins, Alan's receptionist after Melissa leaves him (season 7) Annie Potts as Lenore, mother of Judith and Liz (season 7) Linda Harris, superior court judge, adjunct law professor, and Charlie's girlfriend (season 5) Missi Pyle as Miss Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher (seasons 2, 7, 9 and 12; played by Alicia Witt in season 6) Odette Annable as Nicole, brief love interest of Walden and majority owner of a garage-based tech start-up Walden joins (season 11) Patton Oswalt as Billy Stanhope, Walden's former business partner who dates Bridget (seasons 9–10) Rebecca McFarland as Leanne, Pavlov's bartender (seasons 1–10) Robert Wagner as Nathan Krunk (alias \"Teddy Leopold\"), Evelyn's fifth husband, thought to be Courtney's father, but later revealed to be a con artist (seasons 4–5) Ryan Stiles as Herb Melnick, a pediatrician who becomes Judith's second ex-husband (seasons 2, 4–10, 12) Sophie Winkleman as Zoey Hyde-Tottingham-Pierce, Walden's love interest following his divorce from Bridget (seasons 9–10, 12) Talyan Wright as Ava Pierce, Zoey's seven-year-old daughter (seasons 9–10) Tinashe Kachingwe as Celeste Burnette, Jake's girlfriend whose father strongly disapproves of their relationship (seasons 6–7) Guest stars have included: Aisha Tyler as an adoption lawyer to whom Walden goes when he wants a child (season 12, episode 1) Alicia Witt as Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher who becomes a stripper (season 6) Allison Janney as Beverly, Alan's online dating partner (season 4) Amy Hill as Mrs. Wiggins, Alan's receptionist after Melissa leaves him (season 7) Annie Potts as Lenore, mother of Judith and Liz (season 7) Arnold Schwarzenegger as Lieutenant Wagner (\"Of Course He's Dead\", series finale) Brad Paisley as Gretchen Martin's fiancé, before she broke it off to date Alan [real-life husband of Kimberly Williams-Paisley, who played Gretchen]"
}
] |
JtLU1XhvXDMmTX0q1BRD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Charlie Sheen's real-life brother Emilio Estevez has guest-starred as an old friend of Charlie's; his father Martin Sheen has appeared as Rose's father."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Linda Harris, superior court judge, adjunct law professor, and Charlie's girlfriend (season 5) Missi Pyle as Miss Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher (seasons 2, 7, 9 and 12; played by Alicia Witt in season 6) Odette Annable as Nicole, brief love interest of Walden and majority owner of a garage-based tech start-up Walden joins (season 11) Patton Oswalt as Billy Stanhope, Walden's former business partner who dates Bridget (seasons 9–10) Rebecca McFarland as Leanne, Pavlov's bartender (seasons 1–10) Robert Wagner as Nathan Krunk (alias \"Teddy Leopold\"), Evelyn's fifth husband, thought to be Courtney's father, but later revealed to be a con artist (seasons 4–5) Ryan Stiles as Herb Melnick, a pediatrician who becomes Judith's second ex-husband (seasons 2, 4–10, 12) Sophie Winkleman as Zoey Hyde-Tottingham-Pierce, Walden's love interest following his divorce from Bridget (seasons 9–10, 12) Talyan Wright as Ava Pierce, Zoey's seven-year-old daughter (seasons 9–10) Tinashe Kachingwe as Celeste Burnette, Jake's girlfriend whose father strongly disapproves of their relationship (seasons 6–7) Guest stars have included: Aisha Tyler as an adoption lawyer to whom Walden goes when he wants a child (season 12, episode 1) Alicia Witt as Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher who becomes a stripper (season 6) Allison Janney as Beverly, Alan's online dating partner (season 4) Amy Hill as Mrs. Wiggins, Alan's receptionist after Melissa leaves him (season 7) Annie Potts as Lenore, mother of Judith and Liz (season 7) Linda Harris, superior court judge, adjunct law professor, and Charlie's girlfriend (season 5) Missi Pyle as Miss Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher (seasons 2, 7, 9 and 12; played by Alicia Witt in season 6) Odette Annable as Nicole, brief love interest of Walden and majority owner of a garage-based tech start-up Walden joins (season 11) Patton Oswalt as Billy Stanhope, Walden's former business partner who dates Bridget (seasons 9–10) Rebecca McFarland as Leanne, Pavlov's bartender (seasons 1–10) Robert Wagner as Nathan Krunk (alias \"Teddy Leopold\"), Evelyn's fifth husband, thought to be Courtney's father, but later revealed to be a con artist (seasons 4–5) Ryan Stiles as Herb Melnick, a pediatrician who becomes Judith's second ex-husband (seasons 2, 4–10, 12) Sophie Winkleman as Zoey Hyde-Tottingham-Pierce, Walden's love interest following his divorce from Bridget (seasons 9–10, 12) Talyan Wright as Ava Pierce, Zoey's seven-year-old daughter (seasons 9–10) Tinashe Kachingwe as Celeste Burnette, Jake's girlfriend whose father strongly disapproves of their relationship (seasons 6–7) Guest stars have included: Aisha Tyler as an adoption lawyer to whom Walden goes when he wants a child (season 12, episode 1) Alicia Witt as Dolores Pasternak, Jake's teacher who becomes a stripper (season 6) Allison Janney as Beverly, Alan's online dating partner (season 4) Amy Hill as Mrs. Wiggins, Alan's receptionist after Melissa leaves him (season 7) Annie Potts as Lenore, mother of Judith and Liz (season 7) Arnold Schwarzenegger as Lieutenant Wagner (\"Of Course He's Dead\", series finale) Brad Paisley as Gretchen Martin's fiancé, before she broke it off to date Alan [real-life husband of Kimberly Williams-Paisley, who played Gretchen]"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "\"It was Mame, Mom\") Lynda Carter as herself (season 11) Marilu Henner as Linda, Walden's older, more mature love interest (season 10, episode 23) Martin Sheen as Harvey, Rose's father and Evelyn's fling (season 3) [real-life father of Charlie Sheen]"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Frances Fisher as Priscilla Honeycutt, Alan's patient (season 7, episode 19) Gail O'Grady as Mandi, mother of Kandi, ex-wife of Andy, and brief love interest of Charlie (season 3) Garry Marshall as Garry, one of Marty's friends (season 11, episode 13) Gary Busey as himself, Alan's roommate in a sanitarium (season 9) Georgia Engel as Jean, Lyndsey's mother (season 9, episodes 19–20) Harry Dean Stanton as himself,"
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "She moves in with Walden and Alan, later displaying many of Charlie's traits, including a love of women and alcohol."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Brenda Koo as Julie (season 12, episode 7) Brit Morgan as a girl Walden picks up at a bar (season 10, episode 1) Brooke Shields as Danielle, Charlie and Alan's neighbor (season 4) Camryn Manheim as Daisy, Berta's sister (season 2) Carol Kane as Shelly, Melissa's mother (season 6) Chris O'Donnell as Jill/Bill, Charlie's ex-girlfriend who since became a man (season 1, episode 18) Christian Slater as himself (series finale) Christina Moore as Cynthia Sullivan, Judith's best friend (season 5) Chuck Lorre as himself, the program's producer (\"Of Course He's Dead\", series finale) Cloris Leachman as Norma, Charlie and Alan's neighbor, Alan's \"sugar momma\", and Charlie's former \"sugar momma\" (season 3) Deanna Russo as Laurel (season 12, episode 7) Denise Richards as Lisa, Charlie's former girlfriend (season 1, episode 10; season 2, episode 9) [then-wife of Charlie Sheen]"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Diedrich Bader as Dirk, a Denver pawn-shop owner (season 11, episode 21) Diora Baird as"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Wanda, a girl who chases after Charlie when he is engaged to Chelsea (season 6, episode 16) Eddie Van Halen as himself (season 7, episode 1) Elvis Costello as himself,"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "Charlie's support, whisky and cigar group buddy (season 2, episode 1) Emilio Estevez as Andy, Charlie's long-time friend who dies before him ("
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Guest stars",
"text": "season 6, episode 11) [real-life brother of Sheen]"
}
] |
Some guest stars include Linda Harris.
| 2 | 8 |
Two and a Half Men
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gillick was born to former minor league baseball player Larry Gillick in Chico, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lawrence Patrick David Gillick (born August 22, 1937) is an American professional baseball executive."
}
] |
JtWjAgo44wwxpSA8dy22
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "In 1976, he moved, this time to the expansion Toronto Blue Jays, becoming their Vice President of Player Personnel, and in 1977, their Vice President of Baseball Operations and General Manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "On November 2, 2005, Gillick was named the Philadelphia Phillies' general manager, after which his first big move was to trade Jim Thome and cash to the Chicago White Sox for Aaron Rowand along with prospects Gio González and Daniel Haigwood, being a move which cleared the way for Phillies' Rookie of the Year Ryan Howard to become the permanent starter."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 1997, Gillick was inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gillick was born to former minor league baseball player Larry Gillick in Chico, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 2018, Gillick became the first executive inducted into the Philadelphia Baseball Wall of Fame"
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "He would eventually work his way up to the position of Director of Scouting before moving to the New York Yankees system in 1974, as a Coordinator of Player Development."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lawrence Patrick David Gillick (born August 22, 1937) is an American professional baseball executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gillick was inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 1997, the National Baseball Hall of Fame on July 24, 2011, the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 2013, and the Phillies Wall of Fame in 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "Also in 2008, he was named \"King of Baseball\", a ceremonial title awarded by Minor League Baseball to one person each year in recognition of longtime dedication and service to professional baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 2008, baseball fans nationwide voted him the MLB \" This Year in Baseball Awards\" Executive of the Year."
}
] |
Pat Gillick was raised in Canada but moved to the United States 18 yeard old to further his baseball dreams.
| 0 | 1 |
Pat Gillick
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The extended metaphor of \"crossing the bar\" represents travelling serenely and securely from life through death."
}
] |
JuINTRFjLtkdLZjF1vG2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Crossing the Bar\" is an 1889 poem by Alfred, Lord Tennyson."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Shortly before he died, Tennyson told his son Hallam to \"put 'Crossing the Bar' at the end of all editions of my poems\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "\" The words\", he said, \"came in a moment\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "In August 2018, the writer V. S. Naipaul died after reading \"Crossing the Bar\" on his deathbed in London; his family and friends citing the poem as having always held a great resonance to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The extended metaphor of \"crossing the bar\" represents travelling serenely and securely from life through death."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "In 2014, Ian Assersohn wrote a new setting of the words for male voices."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Assersohn's piece \"Crossing the Bar\" won the Composers' Competition at the Cornwall International Male Voice Choir Festival, from a field of 40 entries."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Assersohn is the Musical Director of Epsom Male Voice Choir, and the choir sang the world première of \"Crossing the Bar\" in Truro Cathedral at the Festival"
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Tennyson is believed to have written the poem (after suffering a serious illness) while on the sea, crossing the Solent from Aldworth to Farringford on the Isle of Wight."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Scholars have noted that the form of the poem follows the content: the wavelike quality of the long-then-short lines parallels the narrative thread of the poem."
}
] |
Crossing the bar is a poem that's words say; in language and lyrics not quite clear day; that changing one's state from alive into dead; is something to do with more grace, and less dread.
| 0 | 2 |
Crossing the Bar
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Sheeran was in a relationship with Scottish singer-songwriter Nina Nesbitt (who was in his music video for \"Drunk\") in 2012, before breaking up."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Nesbitt is the subject of Sheeran's songs \"Nina\" and \"Photograph\", while most of Nesbitt's album, Peroxide, is about Sheeran."
}
] |
JuSP7bSlzqYG7sTXnl4l
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2004–2010: Career beginnings",
"text": "I Wrote with Amy, which is a collection of love songs he wrote in Wales with Amy Wadge."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Sheeran was in a relationship with Scottish singer-songwriter Nina Nesbitt (who was in his music video for \"Drunk\") in 2012, before breaking up."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2014–2015: ×",
"text": "In 2015, Sheeran wrote \"Love Yourself\" for Justin Bieber's fourth album."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2004–2010: Career beginnings",
"text": "With this EP, Sheeran gained mainstream attention for having reached number 2 in the iTunes chart without any promotion or label, selling over 7,000 copies in the first week."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2014–2015: ×",
"text": "Spanning three years, Sheeran wrote more than 120 songs for the album, the earliest of which was composed shortly after + was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2016–2018: Hiatus and ÷",
"text": "By 11 March 2017 Sheeran had accumulated ten top 10 singles from ÷ on the UK Singles Chart, breaking Scottish DJ Calvin Harris's record of nine top 10 singles from one album."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2016–2018: Hiatus and ÷",
"text": "On 2 January, he posted a 10-second video on Twitter and other social media showing what was the cover design of his forthcoming album entitled ÷ (pronounced \"divide\") which was released on 3 March 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2011–2013: + and international success",
"text": "He later co-wrote and provided vocals for \"Everything Has Changed\", a single featured on Swift's fourth studio album, Red."
},
{
"section_header": "Plagiarism accusations and lawsuits",
"text": "In 2018, legal action was brought against Sheeran, Sony/ATV Music Publishing and Atlantic Records by the estate and heirs of the late producer Ed Townsend, who co-wrote the song \" Let's Get It On\" with Marvin Gaye."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2019–present: No.6 Collaborations Project",
"text": "On 30 August, the seventh single from the album, “Take Me Back to London” featuring Stormzy, reached number one in the UK.In 2019, Sheeran co-wrote country music singer Kenny Chesney's single \"Tip of My Tongue\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Nesbitt is the subject of Sheeran's songs \"Nina\" and \"Photograph\", while most of Nesbitt's album, Peroxide, is about Sheeran."
}
] |
Sheeran wrote 2 tunes about his Scottish ex-girlfriend.
| 2 | 5 |
Ed Sheeran
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elements of the play were borrowed from Shaw's 1882 novel Cashel Byron's Profession, about a man who becomes a boxer due to limited employment opportunities."
}
] |
JuqG4WLAOktf5BYUiZVv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mrs. Warren's Profession is a play written by George Bernard Shaw in 1893, and first performed in London in 1902."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Sir George Crofts: Mrs. Warren's business partner."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A 1960 German film adaption, Mrs. Warren's Profession, starred Lilli Palmer."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "in which she justifies herself, is only a paraphrase of a scene in a novel of my own, Cashel Byron's Profession (hence the title, Mrs Warren's Profession), in which a prize-fighter shows how he was driven into the ring exactly as Mrs. Warren was driven on the streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Vivie's character and the changing role of women",
"text": "Frank flirts with both Mrs. Warren and Vivie; Mrs. Warren's companion Sir George Crofts proposes marriage to Vivie despite his relationship with her mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In 2018, Eleanor Bishop's adaptation of the play was performed at the ASB Waterfront Theatre in Auckland, New Zealand by the Auckland Theatre Company."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "The play was originally banned by the Lord Chamberlain (Britain's official theatre censor) because of its frank discussion of prostitution, but was finally performed on Sunday, 5 January 1902, at London's New Lyric Club with the distinguished actor-manager Harley Granville-Barker as Frank, Fanny Brough as Mrs. Warren, George Goodhart as Sir George Crofts, Julius Knight as Praed, Madge McIntosh as Vivie and Cosmo Stuart as Rev. Samuel Gardner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elements of the play were borrowed from Shaw's 1882 novel Cashel Byron's Profession, about a man who becomes a boxer due to limited employment opportunities."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In December 1918 the play was produced in Perth, Australia by the actor manager Alan Wilkie and featured a friend and protégé of Shaw, Frediswyde Hunter-Watts, as Vivie Warren."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Vivie Warren: Mrs. Warren's daughter, recently graduated from university with honours."
}
] |
George Bernard Shaw rewrote a section of one of his older plays and included it in his new play, Mrs. Warren's Profession.
| 0 | 0 |
Mrs. Warren's Profession
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is considered a classic of children's literature and is Lewis's best-selling work, having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages."
}
] |
JusF6ocH9pBQGfe5vrLa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": ", Lewis never sold the film rights to the Narnia series."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "During interviews, the primary creator of the Japanese anime and gaming series Digimon has said that he was inspired and influenced by The Chronicles of Narnia."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "As with any popular long-lived work, contemporary culture abounds with references to the lion Aslan, travelling via wardrobe and direct mentions of The Chronicles."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Stage",
"text": "The book and lyrics were written by Jaime del Mundo and Luna Inocian, while the music was composed by Lito Villareal."
},
{
"section_header": "Reading order",
"text": "In the 2005 HarperCollins adult editions of the books, the publisher cites this letter to assert Lewis's preference for the numbering they adopted by including this notice on the copyright page: Although The Magician's Nephew was written several years after C. S. Lewis first began The Chronicles of Narnia, he wanted it to be read as the first book in the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": "In December 2008, Disney pulled out of financing the remainder of the Chronicles of Narnia film series."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy novels by British author C. S. Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "Examples include: Charlotte Staples Lewis, a character first seen early in the fourth season of the TV series Lost, is named in reference to C. S. Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Television",
"text": "Various books from The Chronicles of Narnia have been adapted for television over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Written by Lewis, illustrated by Pauline Baynes, and originally published in London between 1950 and 1956, The Chronicles of Narnia has been adapted for radio, television, the stage, and film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is considered a classic of children's literature and is Lewis's best-selling work, having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages."
}
] |
The Chronicles of Narnia is the most popular series of books written by Lewis.
| 0 | 0 |
Chronicles of Narnia
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "While Smith was having problems with the Padres' owners, the St. Louis Cardinals also found themselves unhappy with their shortstop, Garry Templeton."
}
] |
JuwhKX71VDwkaatpUq3p
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "Given the task of overhauling the Cardinals by owner Gussie Busch (and specifically to unload Templeton), Herzog was looking to trade Templeton when he was approached by Padres General Manager Jack McKeon at the 1981 baseball winter meetings."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "While Smith was having problems with the Padres' owners, the St. Louis Cardinals also found themselves unhappy with their shortstop, Garry Templeton."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "While McKeon had previously told Herzog that Smith was untouchable in any trade, the Padres were now so angry at Smith's agent Gottlieb that McKeon was willing to deal."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "It was then that Padres manager Dick Williams informed Herzog that a no-trade clause had been included in Smith's 1981 contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1982–1984",
"text": "The teams completed the trade on February 19, 1982, with the Padres sending Al Olmsted to the Cardinals, and St. Louis sending Luis DeLeon to the Padres."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "McKeon and Herzog agreed in principle to a six-player trade, with Templeton for Smith as the centerpiece."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres | Trade",
"text": "Upon learning of the trade, Smith's initial reaction was to invoke the clause and stay in San Diego, but he was still interested to hear what the Cardinals had to say."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Osborne Earl \"Ozzie\" Smith (born December 26, 1954) is an American former baseball shortstop who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres and St. Louis Cardinals from 1978 to 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | San Diego Padres",
"text": "Angered by the Padres' attitude during those contract talks, Gottlieb took out a help-wanted ad in the San Diego Union, part of which read, \"Padre baseball player wants part-time employment to supplement income.\" When Joan Kroc, wife of Padres owner Ray Kroc, publicly offered Smith a job as an assistant gardener on her estate, Smith and Gottlieb's relationship with the organization deteriorated further."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | St. Louis Cardinals | 1987–1990",
"text": "Smith was witness to change within the Cardinal organization when owner Gussie Busch died in 1989 and Herzog quit as manager during the 1990 season."
}
] |
Ozzie Smith was traded from the Cardinals to the Padres after a disagreement with the team owner.
| 1 | 4 |
Ozzie Smith
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Private life | Affairs and lovers",
"text": "Historians, scholars and biographers often agree with the names of the most prominent women who stood with Bolívar, such as Josefina \"Pepita\" Machado, Fanny du Villars and Manuela Sáenz."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Affairs and lovers",
"text": "Bolívar and Manuela met in Quito on 22 June 1822 and they began a long-term affair."
}
] |
Jv4YPaoIdPfY4HBdsSdG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and physical legacy",
"text": "The Bolivar Peninsula in Texas, Bolivar County, Mississippi, Bolivar, New York, Bolivar, West Virginia and Bolivar, Tennessee are also named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Dissolution of Gran Colombia",
"text": "Do not be deceived, Colombians!"
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Dissolution of Gran Colombia",
"text": "Please don't be foolish! Colombians!"
},
{
"section_header": "Relatives",
"text": "His eldest sister, María Antonia, married Pablo Clemente Francia and had four children: Josefa, Anacleto, Valentina, and Pablo."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Dissolution of Gran Colombia",
"text": "Simón Bolívar Colombians! Today I cease to govern you."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Netflix series is a Colombian production with Spanish as the main language."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Struggles inside Gran Colombia",
"text": "Bolivar, though, commuted the sentence."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and physical legacy",
"text": "Monuments to Bolívar's military legacy also comprise one of Venezuelan Navy's sail training barques, which is named after him, and the USS Simon Bolivar, a Benjamin Franklin-class fleet ballistic missile submarine which served with the U.S. Navy between 1965 and 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Political and military career | Consolidation of independence, 1825–1830 | Dissolution of Gran Colombia",
"text": "Colombians! I have been the victim of ignominious suspicions, with no possible way to defend the purity of my principles."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Affairs and lovers",
"text": "The relationship was controversial at the time, because Manuela was already married to James Thorne, but they became estranged in 1822 due to irreconcilable differences."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Affairs and lovers",
"text": "Historians, scholars and biographers often agree with the names of the most prominent women who stood with Bolívar, such as Josefina \"Pepita\" Machado, Fanny du Villars and Manuela Sáenz."
},
{
"section_header": "Private life | Affairs and lovers",
"text": "Bolívar and Manuela met in Quito on 22 June 1822 and they began a long-term affair."
}
] |
Bolivar had a romantic relationship with a Colombian woman named Josefa.
| 0 | 1 |
Simón Bolívar
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "Liu Chuanzhi, along with a group of ten experienced engineers, founded Lenovo in Beijing on 1 November 1984 with 200,000 yuan."
}
] |
Jvts6umbebP890bJwlcQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Lenovo Service Engine",
"text": "On 31 July 2015, Lenovo released instructions and UEFI firmware updates meant to remove Lenovo Service Engine."
},
{
"section_header": "Products and services | Personal and business computing | ThinkCentre",
"text": "ThinkCentre computers typically include mid-range to high-end processors, options for discrete graphics cards, and multi-monitor support."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "Jiǎ Xùfú (贾续福), one of the founders of Lenovo, indicated that the first meeting in preparation for starting the company was held on 17 October\\. Eleven people, the entirety of the initial staff, attended."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "Liu Chuanzhi, along with a group of ten experienced engineers, founded Lenovo in Beijing on 1 November 1984 with 200,000 yuan."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations",
"text": "In November 2015, Lenovo announced that it would start manufacturing computers in Pondicherry."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "In 1990, Lenovo started to manufacture and market computers using its own brand name."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Lenovo Service Engine",
"text": "Salon tech writer David Auerbach compared the Superfish incident to the Sony DRM rootkit scandal, and argued that \"installing Superfish is one of the most irresponsible mistakes an established tech company has ever made.\" From October 2014 through June 2015, the UEFI firmware on certain Lenovo models had contained software known as \"Lenovo Service Engine\", which Lenovo says automatically sent non-identifiable system information to Lenovo the first time Windows is connected to the internet, and on laptops, automatically installs the Lenovo OneKey Optimizer program (software considered to be bloatware) as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations",
"text": "\"In October 2012, Lenovo announced that it would start assembling computers in Whitsett, North Carolina."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "The group rebuilt itself within a year by conducting quality checks on computers for new buyers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "Lenovo soon started developing a circuit board that would allow IBM-compatible personal computers to process Chinese characters."
}
] |
Eleven computer engineers started the Lenovo Group in the mid 1980's.
| 1 | 5 |
Lenovo Group
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Retirement",
"text": "Henderson finally conceded his \"official retirement\" on July 13, 2007: \"I haven't submitted retirement papers to MLB, but I think MLB already had their papers that I was retired.\" Characteristically, he added, \"If it was a situation where we were going to win the World Series"
}
] |
Jvv5YLRCkM2WTI2BtQBz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "A free agent in March 2001, Henderson returned to the Padres."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Retirement",
"text": "Henderson finally conceded his \"official retirement\" on July 13, 2007: \"I haven't submitted retirement papers to MLB, but I think MLB already had their papers that I was retired.\" Characteristically, he added, \"If it was a situation where we were going to win the World Series"
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | San Diego Padres (1996–1997)",
"text": "Henderson signed with the San Diego Padres in the offseason, where he had another respectable year in 1996, again finishing in the top ten in the National League (NL) in walks, OBP, steals and runs."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "During the 2001 season, he broke three major league career records and reached an additional major career milestone."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "With Gwynn having 3,141 hits, it was just the second time in Major League history that a pair of teammates each had 3,000 career hits; Ty Cobb and Tris Speaker had previously played many games together for the 1928 A's."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "After scoring the game's first run, Henderson was removed from the lineup."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "That final game was also Tony Gwynn's last major league game, and Henderson had originally wanted to sit out so as not to detract from the occasion, but Gwynn insisted that Henderson play."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "Of the ten top base stealers who were still active as of 2002, the other nine each stole fewer bases in 2002 than the 42-year-old Henderson."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "At the age of 42, in his last substantial major league season, Henderson finished the year with 25 stolen bases, ninth in the NL; it also marked his 23rd consecutive season with more than 20 steals."
},
{
"section_header": "Major leagues | Second stint with the San Diego Padres (2001)",
"text": "He broke Babe Ruth's record of 2,062 career walks, Ty Cobb's record of 2,245 career runs, and Zack Wheat's record of 2,328 career games in left field, and on the final day of the season collected his 3,000th career hit, a leadoff double off"
}
] |
Henderson submitted retirement papers in 2001 after his second stint with the San Diego Padres.
| 0 | 3 |
Rickey Henderson
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was also loosely based on the life of Montana U.S. Senator Burton Wheeler, who underwent a similar experience when he was investigating the Warren Harding administration."
}
] |
Jvys384czuLls2xWnPqj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "\"Mr. Smith Goes to Washington has been called one of the quintessential whistleblower films in American history."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Academy Awards",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, but won only one."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, winning for Best Original Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Other honors",
"text": "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was named as one of the best films of 1939 by The New York Times and Film Daily, and was nominated for Best Film by the National Board of Review."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Bill Goes to Washington\", a spoof of Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Simpsons: The third season episode \" Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington\" is inspired by, and contains several references to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The fourteenth season episode \" Mr. Spritz Goes to Washington\" is also inspired by this film."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "In 1949, Columbia planned, but never actually produced, a sequel to Mr. Smith Goes to Washington, called Mr. Smith Starts a Riot."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors | Other honors",
"text": "In 1989, Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "\"Mr. Benny Goes to Washington\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was also loosely based on the life of Montana U.S. Senator Burton Wheeler, who underwent a similar experience when he was investigating the Warren Harding administration."
}
] |
The film Mr. Smith Goes to Washington was based on a strue story.
| 0 | 0 |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "He was the second of four children born to socialite Martha Stewart \"Mittie\" Bulloch and businessman and philanthropist Theodore Roosevelt Sr. (brother of Robert Roosevelt and James A. Roosevelt, all sons of Cornelius Roosevelt)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was born on October 27, 1858, at 28 East 20th Street in Manhattan, New York City."
}
] |
JwHGCXQ80fkPxae2t2LA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reentering public life | New York City Police Commissioner",
"text": "In 1894, Roosevelt met Jacob Riis, the muckraking Evening Sun newspaper journalist who was opening the eyes of New Yorkers to the terrible conditions of the city's millions of poor immigrants with such books as How the Other Half Lives."
},
{
"section_header": "First marriage and widowerhood",
"text": "He assumed custody of his daughter when she was three."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was born on October 27, 1858, at 28 East 20th Street in Manhattan, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Reentering public life | New York City Police Commissioner",
"text": "When he left I had seen its golden age... There is very little ease where Theodore Roosevelt leads, as we all of us found out."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "Roosevelt said, \"My father, Theodore Roosevelt, was the best man I ever knew."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Persona and masculinity",
"text": "Henry F. Pringle, who won the Pulitzer Prize in biography for his Theodore Roosevelt (1931) stated: The Theodore Roosevelt of later years was the most adolescent of men"
},
{
"section_header": "Emergence as a national figure | War in Cuba",
"text": "Men working closely with Roosevelt customarily called him \"Colonel\" or \"Theodore\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He was 60 years old. Upon receiving word of his death, his son Archibald telegraphed his siblings: \"The old lion is dead.\" Woodrow Wilson's vice president, Thomas R. Marshall, said that \"Death had to take Roosevelt sleeping, for if he had been awake, there would have been a fight."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and cultural depictions",
"text": "Moreover, Theodore Roosevelt National Park in the state of North Dakota is named after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Audiovisual media",
"text": "Theodore Roosevelt was one of the first presidents whose voice was recorded for posterity."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "He was the second of four children born to socialite Martha Stewart \"Mittie\" Bulloch and businessman and philanthropist Theodore Roosevelt Sr. (brother of Robert Roosevelt and James A. Roosevelt, all sons of Cornelius Roosevelt)."
}
] |
Theodore Roosevelt was a New Yorker and had three siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
Theodore Roosevelt
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story of Rhodopis, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo sometime between around 7 BC and AD 23, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is usually considered to be the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story."
}
] |
JwHnukswzgpAHSALankV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | Non-European versions | Ye Xian",
"text": "Variants of the story are also found in many ethnic groups in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | Non-European versions | One Thousand and One Nights",
"text": "Several different variants of the story appear in the medieval One Thousand and One Nights, also known as the Arabian Nights, including \"The Second Shaykh's Story\", \"The Eldest Lady's Tale\" and \"Abdallah ibn Fadil and His Brothers\", all dealing with the theme of a younger sibling harassed by two jealous elders."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thousands of variants are known throughout the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | Non-European versions | One Thousand and One Nights",
"text": "One of the tales, \"Judar and His Brethren\", departs from the happy endings of previous variants and reworks the plot to give it a tragic ending instead, with the younger brother being poisoned by his elder brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary versions",
"text": "contes du temps passé (1697), and by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms' Fairy Tales (1812)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Cinderella\", or \"The Little Glass Slipper\", is a folk tale embodying an element of unjust oppression and triumphant reward."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "du temps passé in 1697. Another version was later published by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms' Fairy Tales in 1812."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot variations and alternative tellings",
"text": "Folklorists have long studied variants on this tale across cultures."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary versions | Aschenputtel, by the Brothers Grimm",
"text": "She plants the twig over her mother's grave, waters it with her tears and over the years, it grows into a glowing hazel tree."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot variations and alternative tellings | The Revelation",
"text": "In many variants of the tale, the prince is told that Cinderella can not possibly be the one, as she is too dirty and ragged."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story of Rhodopis, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo sometime between around 7 BC and AD 23, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is usually considered to be the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story."
}
] |
The folk tale Cinderella has over a thousand variants and the first version is from China.
| 1 | 3 |
Cinderella
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai was the second-most populous city in India after Delhi and the seventh-most populous city in the world with a population of roughly 20 million."
}
] |
Jx3dqR8bFtUspLVnfKPS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Mumbai is India's largest city (by population) and is the financial and commercial capital of the country as it generates 6.16% of the total GDP."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnic groups and religions",
"text": "Mumbai is also home to the largest population of Parsi Zoroastrians in the world, numbering about 60,000 though with a sharply declining population."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Language",
"text": "Mumbai has a large polyglot population like all other metropolitan cities of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai was the second-most populous city in India after Delhi and the seventh-most populous city in the world with a population of roughly 20 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As per Indian government population census of 2011, Mumbai was the most populous city in India with an estimated city proper population of 12.5 million living under Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "As of 2008, the Globalization and World Cities Study Group (GaWC) has ranked Mumbai as an \"Alpha world city\", third in its categories of Global cities."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Mumbai is the third most expensive office market in the world, and was ranked among the fastest cities in the country for business startup in 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai city was 12,479,608."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent India",
"text": "From being an ancient fishing community and a colonial centre of trade, Mumbai has become South Asia's largest city and home of the world's most prolific film industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "is estimated to $151 to $368 billion (PPP metro GDP) ranking it either the most or second-most productive metro area of India."
}
] |
Mumbai is the most populated city in India and third largest in GDP.
| 2 | 3 |
Mumbai
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal philosophy and religious beliefs",
"text": "These works show that Euler was a devout Christian who believed the Bible to be inspired; the Rettung was primarily an argument for the divine inspiration of scripture."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal philosophy and religious beliefs",
"text": "Much of what is known of Euler's religious beliefs can be deduced from his Letters to a German Princess and an earlier work, Rettung der Göttlichen Offenbahrung Gegen die Einwürfe der Freygeister (Defense of the Divine Revelation against the Objections of the Freethinkers)."
}
] |
Jx5S5gzmjBw1VjrscYvR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Selected bibliography",
"text": "Euler, Leonhard (2015). Elements of Algebra."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, Switzerland, where Leonhard spent most of his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Return to Russia and death",
"text": "In 1785, the Russian Academy of Sciences put a marble bust of Leonhard Euler on a pedestal next to the Director's seat and, in 1837, placed a headstone on Euler's grave."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "A statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics: \"Read Euler, read Euler, he is the master of us all.\" Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland, to Paul III Euler, a pastor of the Reformed Church, and Marguerite née Brucker, another pastor's daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Paul was a friend of the Bernoulli family; Johann Bernoulli, then regarded as Europe's foremost mathematician, would eventually be the most important influence on young Leonhard."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At that time Euler's main studies included theology, Greek and Hebrew at his father's urging to become a pastor, but Bernoulli convinced his father that Leonhard was destined to become a great mathematician."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; German: [ˈɔʏlɐ] (listen); 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, such as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory, while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected bibliography",
"text": "Euler has an extensive bibliography."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to mathematics and physics | Number theory",
"text": "Euler proved Newton's identities,"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Saint Petersburg",
"text": "Euler succeeded him as the head of the mathematics department."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal philosophy and religious beliefs",
"text": "These works show that Euler was a devout Christian who believed the Bible to be inspired; the Rettung was primarily an argument for the divine inspiration of scripture."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal philosophy and religious beliefs",
"text": "Much of what is known of Euler's religious beliefs can be deduced from his Letters to a German Princess and an earlier work, Rettung der Göttlichen Offenbahrung Gegen die Einwürfe der Freygeister (Defense of the Divine Revelation against the Objections of the Freethinkers)."
}
] |
Leonhard Euler was an agnostic.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonhard Euler
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Away from Her (2007). Christie was born on 14 April 1940 at Singlijan Tea Estate, Chabua, Assam, British India."
}
] |
Jx6Nbj7glp2Zuy9DeovV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Julie Frances Christie (born 14 April 1940) is a British actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Away from Her (2007). Christie was born on 14 April 1940 at Singlijan Tea Estate, Chabua, Assam, British India."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In January 2008, several news outlets reported that the couple had quietly married in India two months earlier, in November 2007, which Christie called \"nonsense\", adding, \"I have been married for a few years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She received the Academy Award for Best Actress and the BAFTA Award for Best British Actress in a Leading Role for her performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She appeared in a segment of the film, New York"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "According to Life magazine, 1965 was \"The Year of Julie Christie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her parents separated when Julie was a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Appearing in six films that were ranked in the British Film Institute's 100 greatest British films of the 20th century, in recognition of her contribution to British cinema Christie received BAFTA's highest honour, the Fellowship in 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1967, Time magazine said of her: \"What Julie Christie wears has more real impact on fashion than all the clothes of the ten best-dressed women"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Don't Look Now in particular has received acclaim, with Christie nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, and in 2017 a poll of 150 actors, directors, writers, producers and critics for Time Out magazine ranked it the greatest British film ever."
}
] |
Julie Christie is a British actress who was born in New Delhi, India.
| 0 | 0 |
Julie Christie
|
Science
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately 860 light-years (260 pc) from Earth."
}
] |
JxHTZq3AKHYW34UZEtp3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "In the Southern Hemisphere, Rigel is the first bright star of Orion visible as the constellation rises."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Two stars in the system can be resolved by large telescopes, and the brighter of the two is a spectroscopic binary."
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system",
"text": "The two spectroscopic components Rigel Ba and Rigel Bb cannot be resolved in optical telescopes but are known to both be hot stars of spectral type around B9."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "The \"beta\" designation is commonly given to the second-brightest star in each constellation, but Rigel is almost always brighter than α Orionis (Betelgeuse)."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "With the constellation representing the mythological Greek huntsman Orion, Rigel is his knee or (as its name suggests) foot; with the nearby star Beta Eridani marking Orion's footstool."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "The two powerful families fought the Genpei War; the stars were seen as facing off against each other and only kept apart by the three stars of Orion's Belt."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation | Spectroscopy",
"text": "The line profile changes are interpreted as variations in the quantity and velocity of material being expelled from the star."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation | Spectroscopy",
"text": "As early as 1888, the heliocentric radial velocity of Rigel, as estimated from the Doppler shifts of its spectral lines, was seen to vary."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "Astronomer James B. Kaler has speculated that Rigel was designated by Bayer during a rare period when it was outshone by the variable star Betelgeuse, resulting in the latter star being designated \"alpha\" and Rigel designated \"beta\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "Rigel is a prominent equatorial navigation star, being easily located and readily visible in all the world's oceans (the exception is the area north of the 82nd parallel north)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately 860 light-years (260 pc) from Earth."
}
] |
Rigel is the dim star in the constellation of Leo and can be seen with a telescope.
| 1 | 7 |
Rigel
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Southern New England",
"text": "The Narragansetts, Wampanoags, Podunks, Nipmucks, and several smaller bands were virtually eliminated as organized bands, and even the Mohegans were greatly weakened."
}
] |
JxMT9H4ontq5vKZKZm8G
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "Prior to King Philip's War, tensions fluctuated between Indian tribes and the colonists, but relations were generally peaceful."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "The colonists progressively expanded throughout the territories of the several Algonquian-speaking tribes in the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Southern theater, 1675 | The Great Swamp Fight",
"text": "The colonists distrusted the tribe and did not understand the various alliances."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Secondary sources",
"text": "Zelner, Kyle F. A Rabble in Arms: Massachusetts Towns and Militiamen during King Philip's War (New York: New York University Press, 2009) excerpt and text search"
},
{
"section_header": "Southern theater, 1675 | Raid on Swansea",
"text": "The war quickly spread and soon involved the Podunk and Nipmuck tribes."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Southern New England",
"text": "The tribe nevertheless lost members and eventually its identity as the result of the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "King Philip's War began the development of an independent American identity."
},
{
"section_header": "Southern theater, 1676 | Battle of Mount Hope",
"text": "His capture marked the final event in King Philip's War, as he was also beheaded."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Secondary sources",
"text": "King Philip's War: The History and Legacy of America's Forgotten Conflict.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Southern New England",
"text": "Metacomet's Pennacook allies had made a separate peace with the colonists as the result of early battles that are sometimes identified as part of King Philip's War."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Southern New England",
"text": "The Narragansetts, Wampanoags, Podunks, Nipmucks, and several smaller bands were virtually eliminated as organized bands, and even the Mohegans were greatly weakened."
}
] |
During King Philip's War, the Wampanoag tribe expanded as it took in other tribes that were decimated by the colonists.
| 0 | 0 |
King Philip's War
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Carey moved to Florida, and became involved in real estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He self-published a book on baseball strategy and authored magazine articles for publications such as Esquire."
}
] |
JxXCzaj7ALOhvmrZL3Px
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "Carey ended up in a slump that summer and one day Clarke commented to McKechnie that they should replace Carey, even if they had to replace him with a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "The President of the Central League recommended Carey to the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball's (MLB) National League at the end of the 1910 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "The Pirates bought Carey and McCarthy from South Bend on August 15, and Carey made his MLB debut with the Pirates, appearing in two games as a replacement for Fred Clarke."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "He also recorded 25 assists. Able to make a career in baseball, Carey decided to drop out of Concordia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carey was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "Adams and Bigbee were released, while Carey was suspended."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "Carey returned to play for South Bend in the 1910 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "The Pirates placed Carey on waivers and he was claimed by the Brooklyn Robins."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "After the 1915 season, Carey went on a barnstorming tour with Dave Bancroft."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "In 1924, Carey altered his batting stance based on Ty Cobb's."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Carey moved to Florida, and became involved in real estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He self-published a book on baseball strategy and authored magazine articles for publications such as Esquire."
}
] |
Carey wrote a guide on baseball and took interest in selling and buying properties after MLB.
| 1 | 2 |
Max Carey
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Tiskilwa, Illinois, Giles attended Washington & Lee University and served as an infantry officer in France during World War I. Before becoming a full-time baseball executive he worked as a football and basketball official in the Missouri Valley Conference, a major U.S. college sports league."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "Also, Minor League Baseball gives out the Warren Giles Award to outstanding minor league presidents."
}
] |
JxgHr6l6zseuiY6qF38L
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "As a foreshadowing of his most powerful position in professional baseball, Giles spent part of the 1936 season as president of the International League."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "Also, Minor League Baseball gives out the Warren Giles Award to outstanding minor league presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Warren Crandall Giles (May 28, 1896 – February 7, 1979) was an American professional baseball executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "Giles is interred in Riverside Cemetery in Moline, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "Giles was elected president of the Moline, Illinois, Plowboys baseball club in the Class B Three-I League at age 23 in 1919, beginning his 50-year career in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Tiskilwa, Illinois, Giles attended Washington & Lee University and served as an infantry officer in France during World War I. Before becoming a full-time baseball executive he worked as a football and basketball official in the Missouri Valley Conference, a major U.S. college sports league."
},
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "the 1938 Major League Executive of the Year award from The Sporting News."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "The National League Championship Series trophy is named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "National League president",
"text": "Under Giles, the National League began a 33-year (1956–1988) streak during which it dominated the American League in attendance—a remarkable achievement, given that the Junior Circuit had two more member teams than the NL during 13 of those seasons (in 1961 and 1977–1988).During the early weeks of the 1963 season, Giles became a figure of some controversy after he instructed the NL's umpires to strictly enforce the balk rule then in place."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Giles spent 33 years in high-level posts in Major League Baseball as club president and general manager of the Cincinnati Reds (1937–1951) and president of the National League (1951–1969), and was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame."
}
] |
Buried in Moline, Illinois, Warren Giles has an award named after him, enjoyed sports in college, and became president of the National League and the International League in professional baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
Warren Giles
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Premier League champions (2015–16)",
"text": "Leicester won the Premier League on 2 May 2016 after Tottenham threw away a 2–0 lead against Chelsea, drawing 2–2 at the \"Battle of Stamford Bridge\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leicester City Football Club is an English professional football club based in Leicester in the East Midlands."
}
] |
JyF9zIKyqJ7QVWQEeZeT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Records and statistics",
"text": "Leicester are joint equal with Manchester City for having won the most English second tier titles (7)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leicester City Football Club is an English professional football club based in Leicester in the East Midlands."
},
{
"section_header": "Player statistics | International honours",
"text": "The number of caps won whilst at the club are given, along with the date of the first cap being won while with Leicester City."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Premier League champions (2015–16)",
"text": "Reacting to City winning the Premier League, Executive chairman Richard Scudamore said: If this was a once in every 5,000-year event, then we've effectively got another 5,000 years of hope ahead of us."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding and early years (1884–1949)",
"text": "The club was reformed as \"Leicester City Football Club\", particularly appropriate as the borough of Leicester had recently been given city status."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Premier League champions (2015–16)",
"text": "On 30 June 2015, Pearson was sacked, with the club stating,"
},
{
"section_header": "League history",
"text": "Leicester have played outside the top two tiers only once in their history to date; during the 2008–09 season they played in League One, the third tier of English football, after relegation from the Championship the season prior."
},
{
"section_header": "Player statistics | Football League 100 Legends",
"text": "It also included Premier League players, and the following former Leicester City players were included: Arthur Rowley Gordon Banks"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Post-World War II (1949–2000)",
"text": "Leicester won their final game of the season, which guided them clear of relegation to the third tier of the football league."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Premier League champions (2015–16)",
"text": "The scale of the surprise attracted global attention for the club and the city of Leicester."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Premier League champions (2015–16)",
"text": "Leicester won the Premier League on 2 May 2016 after Tottenham threw away a 2–0 lead against Chelsea, drawing 2–2 at the \"Battle of Stamford Bridge\"."
}
] |
Leicester City Football Club have won the premier league at least once in since 2015.
| 0 | 0 |
Leicester City F.C.
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "\"Esther Greenwood has an obvious mental break – that being her suicide attempt which dictates the latter half of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book is often regarded as a roman à clef because the protagonist's descent into mental illness parallels Plath's own experiences with what may have been clinical depression or bipolar II disorder."
}
] |
JySl9z5zSA1baBvURdY1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Plath speaks through Esther's narrative to describe her experience of her mental health treatment."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "\"Esther Greenwood has an obvious mental break – that being her suicide attempt which dictates the latter half of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "This novel gives an account of the treatment of mental health in the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "However, when considering the nature of Sylvia Plath's own life and death and the parallels between The Bell Jar and her life, it is hard to ignore the theme of mental illness."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Just as this novel gives way to feminist discourse and challenges the way of life for women in the 1950s, it also gives a case study of a woman struggling with mental health."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Esther Greenwood, the main character in The Bell Jar, describes her life as being suffocated by a bell jar."
},
{
"section_header": "Parallels between Plath's life and the novel",
"text": "A good portion of this part of the novel closely resembles the experiences chronicled by Mary Jane Ward in her autobiographical novel The Snake Pit; Plath later stated that she had seen reviews of The Snake Pit and believed the public wanted to see \"mental health stuff,\" so she deliberately based details of Esther's hospitalization on the procedures and methods outlined in Ward's book."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "It is this success that puts the unattainable goals into her head, and when she doesn't achieve them, her mental health suffers."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "The first is formed from early traumatic experiences, her father's death when she was 9 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She reminisces about her friend Buddy, whom she has dated more or less seriously, and who considers himself her de facto fiancé."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book is often regarded as a roman à clef because the protagonist's descent into mental illness parallels Plath's own experiences with what may have been clinical depression or bipolar II disorder."
}
] |
The novel is considered to be a reflection of the author's own experiences with mental health.
| 1 | 3 |
The Bell Jar
|
Geography
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Ramadan observance",
"text": "On the higher floors, the sun can still be seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level."
}
] |
JzMGwISAlyGBuNiugRJi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Ramadan observance",
"text": "On the higher floors, the sun can still be seen for several minutes after it has set at ground level."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "The building has 2,909 stairs from the ground floor to the 160th floor."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 2016 American science fiction film Independence Day: Resurgence, the Burj Khalifa was seen where it—along with many other structures—is being thrown into London by the aliens using their mothership's anti-gravity pull."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Ramadan observance",
"text": "This has led Dubai clerics to rule that those living above the 80th floor should wait 2 additional minutes to break their Ramadan fast, and those living above the 150th floor, 3 minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Observation deck",
"text": "Tickets start at 135 AED, or US$36.75."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Air conditioning",
"text": "The air conditioning system draws air from the upper floors where the air is cooler and cleaner than on the ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "Floors through to 108 have 900 private residential apartments (which, according to the developer, sold out within eight hours of being on the market)."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In The Amazing Race 15, the season's competing teams visited the building during Leg 5 to retrieve a clue from the 124th floor, during which time the building was still under construction and still under its original name of Burj Dubai."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Burj Khalifa park",
"text": "Burj Khalifa is surrounded by an 11 ha (27-acre) park designed by landscape architects SWA Group."
},
{
"section_header": "Other uses | BASE jumping",
"text": "The building has been used by several experienced BASE jumpers for authorised and unauthorised BASE jumping: In May 2008, Hervé Le Gallou and David McDonnell, dressed as engineers, entered Burj Khalifa (around 650 metres (2,130 ft) at the time), and jumped off a balcony situated several floors below the 160th floor."
}
] |
The sun can still be seen for several minutes on the higher floors after it has set a ground level.
| 0 | 3 |
Burj Khalifa
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., commonly referred to as The Sketch Book, is a collection of 34 essays and short stories written by the American author Washington Irving."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Irving's stories were highly influenced by German folktales; \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" was inspired by a folktale recorded by Karl Musäus."
}
] |
JzdSdjDfK9rDZoFciWfp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publishing history | Author's revised edition",
"text": "Irving also slightly changed the order of the sketches, placing a number of essays from the seventh American installment earlier in the collection, and moving \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" into a place of prominence as the final story in the collection (\"L'Envoy\" being merely a thank you to readers)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., commonly referred to as The Sketch Book, is a collection of 34 essays and short stories written by the American author Washington Irving."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Irving's stories were highly influenced by German folktales; \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" was inspired by a folktale recorded by Karl Musäus."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "Apart from \"Rip Van Winkle\" and \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" – the pieces which made both Irving and The Sketch Book famous – the collection of tales includes \"Roscoe\", \"The Broken Heart\", \"The Art of Book-making\", \"A Royal Poet\", \"The Spectre Bridegroom\", \"Westminster Abbey\", \"Little Britain\", and \"John Bull\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents",
"text": "Consequently, modern editions – based on Irving's own changes for the Author's Revised Edition – do not reflect the order in which the sketches originally appeared."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The collection includes two of Irving's best-known stories, attributed to the fictional Dutch historian Diedrich Knickerbocker: \"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow\" and \"Rip Van Winkle\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents",
"text": "Two more essays, \"A Sunday in London\" and \"London Antiques\", were added by Irving in 1848 for inclusion in the Author's Revised Edition of The Sketch Book for publisher George Putnam."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on American culture",
"text": "Except Pennsylvania German Settlers, who were enthusiastic celebrators of Christmas, Irving contributed to a revival of customs in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Irving spent late 1818 and the early part of 1819 putting the final touches on the short stories and essays that he would eventually publish as The Sketch Book through 1819 and 1820."
},
{
"section_header": "Publishing history | American editions",
"text": "The first American edition of The Sketch Book initially comprised twenty-nine short stories and essays, published in the United States in seven paperbound installments, appearing intermittently between June 23, 1819, and September 13, 1820."
}
] |
The essay collection The Sketch Book was based off German legends.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in a 1947 version of Hollywood where cartoon characters and people co-exist, the film follows Eddie Valiant, a private investigator who must exonerate Roger Rabbit, a \"Toon\" (i.e., cartoon character) who is accused of murdering a wealthy businessman."
}
] |
JzwZCSLRWP7Zw59PJ6vZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Eddie Murphy reportedly turned down the role as he misunderstood the concept of cartoon characters and human beings co-existing; he later regretted this decision."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Proposed sequel",
"text": "The proposed film is set to a prequel, taking place five years before Who Framed Roger Rabbit and part of the story is about how Roger met Jessica."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Who Framed Roger Rabbit was placed on 43 critics' top ten lists, third to only The Thin Blue Line and Bull Durham in 1988."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in a 1947 version of Hollywood where cartoon characters and people co-exist, the film follows Eddie Valiant, a private investigator who must exonerate Roger Rabbit, a \"Toon\" (i.e., cartoon character) who is accused of murdering a wealthy businessman."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Animation and post-production",
"text": "Due to Zemeckis' dynamic camera moves, the animators had to confront the challenge of ensuring the characters were not \"slipping and slipping all over the place.\" After rough animation was complete, it was run through the normal process of traditional animation until the cels were shot on the rostrum camera with no background."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "The work of American composer Carl Stalling heavily influenced Silvestri's work on Who Framed Roger Rabbit."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Rubber mannequins of Roger Rabbit, Baby Herman, and the Toon Patrol would portray the animated characters during rehearsals to teach the actors where to look when acting with \"open air and imaginative cartoon characters\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "Who Censored Roger Rabbit?, the toons were comic-strip characters rather than movie stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The actor who played the voice of Roger, Charles Fleischer, insisted on wearing a Roger Rabbit costume while on the set, to get into character."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Amblin Entertainment, which consisted of Steven Spielberg, Frank Marshall and Kathleen Kennedy, were approached to produce Who Framed Roger Rabbit alongside Disney."
}
] |
Who Framed Roger Rabbit is about a place where humans and animated characters both exist together.
| 0 | 0 |
Who Framed Roger Rabbit
|
Geography
| 9 |
[
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall, the oldest existing part of the Palace of Westminster, was erected in 1097 by King William II ('William Rufus'), at which point it was the largest hall in Europe."
}
] |
JzygFrCcDzLawEAnG3p9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "St Edward the Confessor, the penultimate Anglo-Saxon monarch of England, built a royal palace on Thorney Island just west of the City of London at about the same time as he built Westminster Abbey (1045–1050)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The Palace of Westminster was the monarch's principal residence in the late Medieval period."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "The rebuilding had been begun by King Henry III in 1245, but by Richard's time had been dormant for over a century."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "Important state ceremonies were held in the Painted Chamber which had been originally built in the 13th century as the main bedchamber for King Henry III."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall, the oldest existing part of the Palace of Westminster, was erected in 1097 by King William II ('William Rufus'), at which point it was the largest hall in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The oldest existing part of the Palace (Westminster Hall) dates from the reign of William I's successor, King William II."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The predecessor of Parliament, the Curia Regis (Royal Council), met in Westminster Hall (although it followed the King when he moved to other palaces)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "Because it was originally a royal residence, the Palace included no purpose-built chambers for the two Houses."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "A major renovation project undertaken by Christopher Wren in the late 17th century completely redesigned the building's interior."
},
{
"section_header": "Exterior",
"text": "Westminster Hall, which was built in the 11th century and survived the fire of 1834, was incorporated in Barry's design."
}
] |
Palace of Westminster's Hall was built in late 1000s by the King at the time.
| 4 | 9 |
Palace of Westminster
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "At the end of 1882 it was completed and fully furnished, allowing Ludwig to take provisional lodgings there and observe the ongoing construction work."
}
] |
K0Vx7Y6okMhxaL7Y41Xu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "In 1884, the King was able to move into the (still unfinished) Palas, and in 1885, he invited his mother Marie to Neuschwanstein on the occasion of her 60th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "The topping out ceremony for the Palas was in 1880, and in 1884, the King was able to move in to the new building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Funding",
"text": "Neuschwanstein, the symbolic medieval knight's castle, was not King Ludwig II's only huge construction project."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "In 1868, the ruins of the medieval twin castles were completely demolished; the remains of the old keep were blown up."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "With the palace under construction at the King's death, one of the major features of the palace remained unbuilt."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "In the nineteenth century only ruins remained of the twin medieval castles, but those of Hinterhohenschwangau served as a lookout place known as Sylphenturm."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inspiration and design",
"text": "The operatic themes moved gradually from Tannhäuser and Lohengrin to Parsifal."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inspiration and design",
"text": "Neuschwanstein embodies both the contemporaneous architectural fashion known as castle romanticism (German: Burgenromantik), and King Ludwig II's enthusiasm for the operas of Richard Wagner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since then more than 61 million people have visited Neuschwanstein Castle."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "When the young king came to power in 1864, the construction of a new palace in place of the two ruined castles became the first in his series of palace building projects."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "At the end of 1882 it was completed and fully furnished, allowing Ludwig to take provisional lodgings there and observe the ongoing construction work."
}
] |
The king moved into Neuschwanstein Castle to watch its remaining construction.
| 0 | 0 |
Neuschwanstein Castle
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her career spanned more than seven decades."
}
] |
K0wThF2Ja5jQUigNaUGP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Later life",
"text": "Wyman was a recluse and made only a few public appearances in her last years in part due to suffering from diabetes and arthritis."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "For many years, Wyman's birthdate was widely reported to be January 4, 1914, but research by biographers and genealogists indicated that she was actually born three years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "That same year, she began a radio singing career, calling herself Jane Durrell and adding years to her birth date to work legally because she was under-aged."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | \"B\" pictures",
"text": "Playing with Dynamite (1939), but it was the last in the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wyman's professional career began at age 16 in 1933, when she signed with Warner Bros. Wyman followed common practice at the time when she added three years to her age."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Semi-retirement | Falcon Crest",
"text": "In the spring of 1981 (a few months after her ex-husband became the president), Wyman's career enjoyed a resurgence when she was cast as the scheming Californian vintner and matriarch Angela Channing in The Vintage Years, which was retooled as the primetime soap opera Falcon Crest."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages | Ernest Wyman",
"text": "The couple would divorce after two years."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After Wyman's death, a release posted on her official website confirmed these details."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Wyman's biological parents were married in March 1916 in Jackson County, Missouri, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Universal melodramas and television",
"text": "Wyman began a TV series Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside Theatre (1955–58)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her career spanned more than seven decades."
}
] |
Jane Wyman's career lasted for less than forty years.
| 2 | 4 |
Jane Wyman
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tillie, the Draytons' black maid for 22 years, also opposes the match, telling Joanna that John is trying to \"get above himself\" by marrying a white woman."
}
] |
K12uDV4hi9wj7RLJeqrw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner is a 1967 American drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer, and written by William Rose."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": "Guess Who's Coming to Dinner was a box-office hit in 1968 throughout the United States, including in Southern states where it was traditionally assumed that few white filmgoers would want to see any film with black leads."
},
{
"section_header": "Variant versions",
"text": "The original version of the film that played in theaters in 1968 contained a moment in which Tillie responds to the question \"Guess who's coming to dinner now?\" with the sarcastic one-liner: \"The Reverend Martin Luther King?\" After King's assassination on April 4, 1968, this line was removed from the film, so by August 1968, almost all theaters' showings of this film had this line omitted."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tillie, the Draytons' black maid for 22 years, also opposes the match, telling Joanna that John is trying to \"get above himself\" by marrying a white woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "She would play Spencer's and my daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "The 2005 film Guess Who starring Ashton Kutcher and Bernie Mac is a loose remake, styled as a comedy rather than a drama, with the racial roles reversed: Black parents are caught off-guard when their daughter brings home the young white man she has chosen to marry."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "\"The part of my daughter,\" Kate said, \"was a difficult one."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "At age 67, Spencer Tracy was in poor health with heart disease, diabetes, high-blood pressure, respiratory disease, and other ailments."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": ", Lawrence Van Gelder wrote: \"the suspicion arises that were the film made today its makers would come to grips a good deal more bluntly with the problems of intermarriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After learning of John, the Monsignor shares Joanna's enthusiasm for the pending nuptials and tells her father as much."
}
] |
In the film Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, the maid tells the daughter to follow her heart.
| 0 | 0 |
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A forced march from Vienna by Marshal Davout and his III Corps plugged the gap left by Napoleon just in time."
}
] |
K1PxQRtTyhJGcigkjXkI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz in the Austrian Empire (modern-day Slavkov u Brna in the Czech Republic)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Endgame",
"text": "A famous episode occurred during this retreat: Russian forces that had been defeated by the French right withdrew south towards Vienna via the Satschan frozen ponds."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Austerlitz (2 December 1805/11"
},
{
"section_header": "Military and political results",
"text": "It was a harsh end for Austria, but certainly not a catastrophic peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Allied plans and dispositions",
"text": "Although the Tsar and his immediate entourage pushed hard for a battle, Emperor Francis of Austria was more cautious and, as mentioned, he was seconded by Kutuzov, the Commander-in-chief of the Russians and the Allied troops."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "The song takes the perspective of a soldier, who \"lost an eye at Austerlitz\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Battlefield",
"text": "The battle took place about ten kilometres (six miles) southeast of the town of Brno, between that town and Austerlitz (Czech: Slavkov u Brna) in what is now the Czech Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "France and Austria agreed to an armistice immediately and the Treaty of Pressburg followed shortly after, on 26 December."
},
{
"section_header": "Military and political results",
"text": "I am a little weary.... I embrace you.\" Napoleon's comments in this letter led to the battle's other famous designation, \"Battle of the Three Emperors.\" However, Emperor Francis of Austria was not present at the battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical views",
"text": "Some historians suggest that Napoleon was so successful at Austerlitz that he lost touch with reality, and what used to be French foreign policy became a \"personal Napoleonic one\" after the battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A forced march from Vienna by Marshal Davout and his III Corps plugged the gap left by Napoleon just in time."
}
] |
The Battle of Austerlitz occurred in Austria.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Austerlitz
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Tower | Name",
"text": "On 2 June 2012, The Daily Telegraph reported that 331 Members of Parliament, including senior members of all three main parties, supported a proposal to change the name from Clock Tower to Elizabeth Tower in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II in her diamond jubilee year."
}
] |
K1UiDdMhMONYFPVFbP7J
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Tower | Name",
"text": "On 26 June 2012, the House of Commons confirmed that the name change could go ahead."
},
{
"section_header": "Tower | Name",
"text": "The change was marked by a naming ceremony in which the Speaker of the House of Commons, John Bercow, unveiled a name plaque attached to the tower on the adjoining Speaker's Green."
},
{
"section_header": "Tower | Name",
"text": "The Prime Minister, David Cameron, announced the change of name on 12 September 2012 at the start of Prime Minister's Questions."
},
{
"section_header": "Tower | Name",
"text": "On 2 June 2012, The Daily Telegraph reported that 331 Members of Parliament, including senior members of all three main parties, supported a proposal to change the name from Clock Tower to Elizabeth Tower in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II in her diamond jubilee year."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "On 21 August 2017, Big Ben's chimes were silenced for four years to allow essential restoration work to be carried out on the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance",
"text": "ITN's News at Ten opening sequence formerly featured an image of the tower with the sound of Big Ben's chimes punctuating the announcement of the news headlines of the day."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance",
"text": "Big Ben is a focal point of New Year celebrations in the United Kingdom, with radio and television stations airing its chimes to welcome the start of the New Year."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On 31 May 2009, celebrations were held to mark the tower's 150th anniversary."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance",
"text": "The chimes of Big Ben have also been used at the state funerals of monarchs on three occasions: firstly, at the funeral of King Edward VII in 1910, when Big Ben chimed 68 times, one stroke for each year of the monarch's life; secondly, at the funeral of King George V in 1936 (70 strokes); and finally, at the funeral of King George VI in 1952 (56 strokes).Londoners who live an appropriate distance from the tower and Big Ben can, by means of listening to the chimes both live and on analogue radio, hear the bell strike thirteen times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The official name of the tower in which Big Ben is located was originally the Clock Tower; it was renamed Elizabeth Tower in 2012 to mark the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom."
}
] |
Big Ben's name was changed to celebrate the birthday of the monarch.
| 0 | 0 |
Big Ben
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Flick was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963 after being unanimously elected by the Veterans Committee (VC)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Later career",
"text": "As of 2003, there were six Hall of Famers without a World Series appearance who played most of their careers after 1903; three of them – Flick, Lajoie and Addie Joss – played together with Cleveland from 1902 to 1910."
}
] |
K1WPlmfoUGk4XhfPzRLW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "\"Subsequent to his induction, writers have questioned the validity of Flick's Hall of Fame membership."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Flick was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963 after being unanimously elected by the Veterans Committee (VC)."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Flick was enshrined in the Greater Cleveland Sports Hall of Fame in 1977, and the Ohio Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "He was the oldest living inductee in Hall of Fame history."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "At his induction, the 87-year-old Flick said, \"This is a bigger day than I've ever had before."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Later career",
"text": "The Mud Hens released him at the end of the 1912 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Later career",
"text": "As of 2003, there were six Hall of Famers without a World Series appearance who played most of their careers after 1903; three of them – Flick, Lajoie and Addie Joss – played together with Cleveland from 1902 to 1910."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "The race for the batting title came down to the end of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "In July 1910, the Naps sold Flick to the Kansas City Blues of the American Association, but Flick refused to report to Kansas City, which cancelled the transaction."
}
] |
Flick was not inducted into the hall of fame until 50 years after the end of his career. 1910
| 0 | 1 |
Elmer Flick
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zootopia (released as Zootropolis or Zoomania in several countries) is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated buddy cop comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
}
] |
K27PogIoOYk260a8ySiT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other countries",
"text": "Zootopia received a scattered release as Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures took advantage of school holidays in various markets."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zootopia (released as Zootropolis or Zoomania in several countries) is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated buddy cop comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Zootopia was released by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment on Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D, DVD, and Digital HD platforms on June 7, 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "The first teaser trailer was released online at Walt Disney Animation Studios' YouTube page on June 11, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "The official theatrical trailer for the film was released online at Walt Disney Animation Studios' YouTube page on New Year's Eve 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The soundtrack was released on March 4, 2016 by Walt Disney Records."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Release and alternative titles",
"text": "Zootopia was released in Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, and IMAX 3D, making it the first Disney animated film shown in domestic IMAX theatres since Treasure Planet (2002)."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "A second teaser trailer was released online again at Walt Disney Animation Studios' YouTube page on November 23, 2015, featuring a sequence of the film where the main characters encounter a Department of Mammal Vehicles (based on the DMV) run entirely by sloths."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Release and alternative titles",
"text": "This was due to Disney being unable to trademark the name \"Zootopia\" in these territories for various legal reasons, including Danish Givskud Zoo registering the name Zootopia in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Re-release",
"text": "On June 22, 2020, amid the reopening of movie theaters due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, Disney announced that Zootopia, along with 11 other Disney owned movies were to return to US theaters during a 4-week period."
}
] |
Zootopia was released by Walt Disney Pictures.
| 1 | 3 |
Zootopia
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In 2002, he received the Disney Legend award."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "He performed \"Two Worlds\" at that year's ceremony and the Disney-themed Super Bowl halftime show."
}
] |
K2DREnst9x7mIupyhWJZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In 2006, he worked with Disney on a musical production of Tarzan."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In 2002, he received the Disney Legend award."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Collins was also influenced by the jazz and big band drummer Buddy Rich, whose opinion on the importance of the hi-hat prompted him to stop using two bass drums and start using the hi-hat."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "Disney hired Collins and Tina Turner to perform on the soundtrack to its 2003 animated feature Brother Bear, which included the song \"Look Through My Eyes\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "He performed \"Two Worlds\" at that year's ceremony and the Disney-themed Super Bowl halftime show."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly reviewed by saying that \"even Phil Collins must know that we all grew weary of Phil Collins\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In the months surrounding his departure from Genesis Collins formed the Phil Collins Big Band, seating himself on the drums."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "To learn his parts, Collins devised his own notation on sheets."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In June 1999, Collins was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2006: Phil Collins Big Band, Dance into the Light, Disney work, and Testify",
"text": "In October 1996, Collins released his sixth solo album, Dance into the Light."
}
] |
Collins is famous for his work with Disney.
| 1 | 2 |
Phil Collins
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His role in helping form the nation, however, would be overshadowed when he killed fellow Founding Father Alexander Hamilton in an 1804 duel and the charges of treason brought against him in 1807."
}
] |
K2E6Bqtq2to4gqNOv7Wn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Before the duel proper, Hamilton took a good deal of time getting used to the feel and weight of the pistol (which had been used in the duel at the same Weehawken site in which his 19-year-old son had been killed), as well as putting on his glasses to see his opponent more clearly."
},
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Each man took one shot, and Burr's shot fatally injured Hamilton, while Hamilton's shot missed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His role in helping form the nation, however, would be overshadowed when he killed fellow Founding Father Alexander Hamilton in an 1804 duel and the charges of treason brought against him in 1807."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War",
"text": "Burr distinguished himself during the Battle of Quebec on December 31, 1775, where he attempted to recover Montgomery's corpse after he had been killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Burr responded by challenging Hamilton to a duel, personal combat under the formalized rules for dueling, the code duello."
},
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "In April, the Albany Register published a letter from Dr. Charles D. Cooper to Philip Schuyler, which relayed Hamilton's judgment that Burr was \"a dangerous man and one who ought not to be trusted with the reins of government,\" and claiming to know of \"a still more despicable opinion which General Hamilton has expressed of Mr. Burr\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Character",
"text": "Aaron Burr was a man of complex character who made many friends, but also many powerful enemies."
},
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Additionally, Hamilton wrote several letters, including a Statement on Impending Duel With Aaron Burr and his last missives to his wife dated before the duel, which also attest to his intention."
},
{
"section_header": "Duel with Alexander Hamilton",
"text": "Dueling had been outlawed in New York; the sentence for conviction of dueling was death."
},
{
"section_header": "Character",
"text": "Although Hamilton considered Jefferson a political enemy, he also believed him a man of public virtue."
}
] |
Burr killed a man in a duel.
| 0 | 0 |
Aaron Burr
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" Much like the release of Guardians of the Galaxy, the film received mixed reviews upon release in China, due to poor translations."
}
] |
K2SrETYBc81RE7ciks5t
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The translations, which were said to be too literal, were thought \"to have been done by Google Translate.\" In December 2015, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences placed Avengers: Age of Ultron on their shortlist of potential nominees for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 88th Academy Awards, but ultimately did not nominate it for the award."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Promotion",
"text": "we don't already know\" adding, \"Here we have the fourth and final Avengers: Age of Ultron trailer"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "No one taught her how to control it properly... she can connect to this world and parallel worlds at the same time, and parallel times."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "On August 6, Whedon announced on social media that he had completed principal photography on Avengers: Age of Ultron."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "Feige explained that they simply liked the title Age of Ultron but the plot was taken from decades of Avengers story arcs."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Merchandise",
"text": "In March 2015, Disney said it planned to broaden its merchandising strategy with Avengers: Age of Ultron by expanding the target demographics to women and to fans of the individual superheroes that make up the Avengers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron grossed $459 million in the United States and Canada and $943.8 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $1.403 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside territories",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron earned $200.2 million in its first weekend from 44 countries, opening in first in all, which was 44% above its predecessor's opening."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Promotion",
"text": "\"On February 3, 2014, Marvel \"stealth released\" a one-shot digital-only tie-in comic, Avengers: Age of Ultron Prelude—This Scepter'd Isle."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Avengers: Age of Ultron is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Avengers, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" Much like the release of Guardians of the Galaxy, the film received mixed reviews upon release in China, due to poor translations."
}
] |
The Avengers: Age of Ultron was not translated properly to Chinese.
| 0 | 0 |
Avengers: Age of Ultron
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Entropy of a system",
"text": "Unlike many other functions of state, entropy cannot be directly observed but must be calculated."
}
] |
K2fe87OFxhGdkGUpb2Bn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "This definition describes the entropy as being proportional to the natural logarithm of the number of possible microscopic configurations of the individual atoms and molecules of the system (microstates) that could cause the observed macroscopic state (macrostate) of the system."
},
{
"section_header": "Interdisciplinary applications of entropy | Cosmology",
"text": "The entropy of a black hole is proportional to the surface area of the black hole's event horizon."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "Specifically, entropy is a logarithmic measure of the number of states with significant probability of being occupied: S"
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Entropy of a system",
"text": "Unlike many other functions of state, entropy cannot be directly observed but must be calculated."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1877 Boltzmann visualized a probabilistic way to measure the entropy of an ensemble of ideal gas particles, in which he defined entropy as proportional to the natural logarithm of the number of microstates such a gas could occupy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "{\\displaystyle S} is the natural logarithm of the number of microstates, multiplied by the Boltzmann constant kB. Formally (assuming equiprobable microstates), S"
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "\\log } is the matrix logarithm."
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "observer B uses U, V, W, X, then, by changing X, observer B can cause an effect that looks like a violation of the second law of thermodynamics to observer A."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For example, the entropy of an ideal gas is proportional to the number of gas molecules"
},
{
"section_header": "Definitions and descriptions | Statistical mechanics",
"text": "For example, if observer A uses the variables U, V and W, and"
}
] |
Entropy can be calculated as being proportional to the natural logarithm of a surface area that is observed.
| 0 | 0 |
Entropy
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The poem's title does not refer to the extreme of sexual rape, but to an earlier alternative definition of the word derived from the Latin rapere (supine stem raptum), \"to snatch, to grab, to carry off\"—in this case, the theft and carrying away of a lock of hair."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope."
}
] |
K2y0pJGWqY9BRiHMvJPG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "In terms of the sensibilities of the age, however, even this non-consensual personal invasion might be interpreted as bringing dishonour."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He then proceeds to tell the story of this offence."
},
{
"section_header": "Dedicatory letter",
"text": "I know how disagreeable it is to make use of hard words before a lady; but 'tis so much the concern of a poet to have his works understood and particularly by your sex, that you must give me leave to explain two or three difficult terms."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rape of the Lock is a mock-heroic narrative poem written by Alexander Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A lord has assaulted a \"gentle belle\" (line 8), causing her to reject him."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Modern adaptations of The Rape of the Lock include Deborah Mason's opera-ballet, on which the composer worked since 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Parody and interpretation",
"text": "The 1714 edition of The Rape of the Lock and those that followed from Lintot's press had come with six woodcuts designed by Louis Du Guernier."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "[it] inscribes Belinda's name\", contributed to the eventual naming of three of the moons of Uranus after characters from The Rape of the Lock: Umbriel, Ariel, and Belinda."
},
{
"section_header": "Dedicatory letter",
"text": "The human persons are as fictitious as the airy ones, and the character of Belinda, as it is now managed, resembles you in nothing but in Beauty."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Pope's poem uses the traditional high stature of classical epics to emphasise the triviality of the incident."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The poem's title does not refer to the extreme of sexual rape, but to an earlier alternative definition of the word derived from the Latin rapere (supine stem raptum), \"to snatch, to grab, to carry off\"—in this case, the theft and carrying away of a lock of hair."
}
] |
The Rape of the Lock is not using the term to the physically assault a person and is a mock-heroic story.
| 2 | 3 |
The Rape of the Lock
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Comic book adaptation",
"text": "Marvel Comics and religious book publisher Thomas Nelson produced a comic book adaptation of The Screwtape Letters in 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film adaptation",
"text": "The Screwtape Letters is to be a live-action film."
}
] |
K3DGVaLHJC1TfbqjYQmF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Annotated Screwtape Letters",
"text": "An annotated edition of The Screwtape Letters was released in 2013 by HarperOne."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sequels | \"Screwtape Proposes a Toast\"",
"text": "In this sense \"Screwtape Proposes a Toast\" is more strongly political than The Screwtape Letters, wherein no strong stand is made on political issues of the day, such as World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film adaptation",
"text": "The Screwtape Letters is to be a live-action film."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film adaptation",
"text": "The Screwtape Letters is a planned film based on the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sequels | \"Screwtape Proposes a Toast\"",
"text": "The short sequel \"Screwtape Proposes a Toast\" (1959), first published as an article in the Saturday Evening Post, is an addendum to The Screwtape Letters; the two works are often published together as one book. \" Screwtape Proposes a Toast\" takes the form of an after-dinner speech given by Screwtape at the Tempters' Training College for young demons."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary sequels | Other literary sequels",
"text": "Peschke, Jim (2010). The Michael Letters: Heaven's answer to Screwtape."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Screwtape Letters became one of Lewis' most popular works, although he said it was \"not fun\" to write and \"resolved never to write another 'Letter'\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "In 2010, the Marine Corps Gazette began publishing a series of articles entitled \"The Attritionist Letters\" styled in the manner of The Screwtape Letters."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Music",
"text": "Sings Mi Fa Mi (2007) were inspired by a passage from The Screwtape Letters."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage adaptation",
"text": "The Fellowship for the Performing Arts obtained from the Lewis estate the rights to adapt The Screwtape Letters for the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Comic book adaptation",
"text": "Marvel Comics and religious book publisher Thomas Nelson produced a comic book adaptation of The Screwtape Letters in 1994."
}
] |
There will be a movie of The Screwtape Letters.
| 1 | 3 |
The Screwtape Letters
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At its center, the Works and Days is a farmer's almanac in which Hesiod instructs his brother Perses in the agricultural arts."
}
] |
K3Fr33zI89E769t08hbe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Works and Days (Ancient Greek: Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι, Erga kai Hēmerai) is a didactic poem written by the ancient Greek poet Hesiod around 700 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the poem Hesiod also offers his brother extensive moralizing advice on how he should live his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In the Works and Days, Hesiod describes himself as the heir of a farm bequeathed to him and his brother Perses."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Nelson, Stephanie A., God and the Land: The Metaphysics of Farming in Hesiod and Vergil, New York and Oxford, 1998"
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Verdenius, Willem Jacob, A Commentary on Hesiod Works and Days vv."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "After death they were transported to the Isles of the Blessed where they lived a postmortem life of plenty similar to the Golden Age."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Nisbet, Gideon, Hesiod, Works and Days: A Didaxis of Deconstruction?, Greece and Rome 51 (2004),"
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Bartlett, Robert C. \" An Introduction to Hesiod's Works and Days\", The Review of Politics 68 (2006), pp."
},
{
"section_header": "Select editions and translations | Translations",
"text": "[2] Frazer, R. M. (1983), The Poems of Hesiod, Norman, Oklahoma, ISBN 0"
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "following few hundred verses—by far the most famous portion of the poem—comprise a series of mythological examples and gnomic statements outlining Hesiod's conception of justice and the necessity of work with the ostensible goal of persuading Perses to follow a proper path in life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At its center, the Works and Days is a farmer's almanac in which Hesiod instructs his brother Perses in the agricultural arts."
}
] |
THe Works and Days is a poem that was written about the rural farm life.
| 0 | 0 |
Works and Days
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Role of women | Political, social, and economic equality",
"text": "Spartan women, of the citizenry class, enjoyed a status, power, and respect that was unknown in the rest of the classical world."
}
] |
K3GxGKTegdvVU90vcx3p
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Role of women | Political, social, and economic equality",
"text": "The higher status of females in Spartan society started at birth; unlike Athens, Spartan girls were fed the same food as their brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Role of women | Political, social, and economic equality",
"text": "Spartan women, of the citizenry class, enjoyed a status, power, and respect that was unknown in the rest of the classical world."
},
{
"section_header": "Role of women | Political, social, and economic equality",
"text": "Spartan women were also literate and numerate, a rarity in the ancient world."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Classical Sparta",
"text": "In the Second Messenian War, Sparta established itself as a local power in the Peloponnesus and the rest of Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Life in Classical Sparta | Education",
"text": "According to some sources, the older man was expected to function as a kind of substitute father and role model to his junior partner; however, others believe it was reasonably certain that they had sexual relations (the exact nature of Spartan pederasty is not entirely clear)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hellenistic and Roman Sparta",
"text": "Nonetheless, it was able to continue as a regional power for over two centuries."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Classical Sparta",
"text": "In later Classical times, Sparta along with Athens, Thebes, and Persia were the main powers fighting for supremacy in the northeastern Mediterranean."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure of Classical Spartan society | Constitution",
"text": "Political power was transferred to the ephors and gerousia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Hellenistic and Roman Sparta",
"text": "Sparta played no active part in the Achaean War in 146 BCE when the Achaean League was defeated by the Roman general Lucius Mummius."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Classical Sparta",
"text": "In the course of the Peloponnesian War, Sparta, a traditional land power, acquired a navy which managed to overpower the previously dominant flotilla of Athens, ending the Athenian Empire."
}
] |
Females from Sparta had power unlike other parts of the world.
| 0 | 1 |
Sparta
|
Popular Culture
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Setting | Origins",
"text": "Her main classical source of inspiration is the Greek myth of Theseus and the Minotaur, in which, as a punishment for past crimes, Minos forces Athens to sacrifice seven youths and seven maidens to the Minotaur, which kills them in a vast labyrinth."
}
] |
K3SiCW2vRSmsTEYv3Jze
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On August 17, 2012, Amazon announced The Hunger Games trilogy as its top seller, surpassing the record previously held by the Harry Potter series."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Trilogy | The Hunger Games",
"text": "This forces the authorities to concede just in time to save their lives."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In August 2012, the series ranked second, exceeded only by the Harry Potter series in NPR's poll of the top 100 teen novels, which asked voters to choose their favorite young adult books."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Trilogy | The Hunger Games",
"text": "The authorities are furious at being made fools of, and the only way to try to allay their anger is to pretend that her actions were because of her love for Peeta."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Origins",
"text": "Collins also cites as a classical inspiration the Roman gladiator games."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Trilogy | Mockingjay",
"text": "After a Mexican standoff with the Capitol, the District 13 residents took to living underground and rebuilding their strength."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Trilogy | Catching Fire",
"text": "In Catching Fire, which begins six months after the conclusion of The Hunger Games, Katniss learns that her defiance in the previous novel has started a chain reaction that has inspired rebellion in the districts."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Origins",
"text": "Collins says she drew inspiration for the series from both classical and contemporary sources."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Origins",
"text": "A contemporary source of inspiration was Collins' recent fascination with reality television programs."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Trilogy | The Hunger Games",
"text": "The Hunger Games follows 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen, a girl from District 12 who volunteers for the 74th Hunger Games in place of her younger sister Primrose Everdeen."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Origins",
"text": "Her main classical source of inspiration is the Greek myth of Theseus and the Minotaur, in which, as a punishment for past crimes, Minos forces Athens to sacrifice seven youths and seven maidens to the Minotaur, which kills them in a vast labyrinth."
}
] |
The author of the hunger games took heavy inspiration from Harry Potter.
| 7 | 9 |
The Hunger Games
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs, including comic books, films, novels, audio dramas, and the television series Torchwood (2006–2011), The Sarah Jane Adventures (2007–2011), K-9 (2009–2010), and Class (2016), and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture."
}
] |
K3Vjc3hgnhg60THMeZd8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and other appearances | Books",
"text": "Since the relaunch of the programme in 2005, a new range of novels have been published by BBC Books."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | The Doctor | Meetings of different incarnations",
"text": "Additionally, multiple incarnations of the Doctor have met in various audio dramas and novels based on the television show."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs, including comic books, films, novels, audio dramas, and the television series Torchwood (2006–2011), The Sarah Jane Adventures (2007–2011), K-9 (2009–2010), and Class (2016), and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and other appearances | Dr. Who films",
"text": "After the film, he continued the role in audio books and was confirmed as the eighth incarnation through flashback footage and a mini episode in the 2005 revival, effectively linking the two series and the television movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Adversaries | The Master",
"text": "The Master returned in the 1996 television movie of Doctor Who, and was played by American actor Eric Roberts."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | The Doctor | Changes of appearance",
"text": "The casting of a new Doctor has often inspired debate and speculation."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology and canonicity",
"text": "Since the creation of the Doctor Who character by BBC Television in the early 1960s, a myriad of stories have been published about Doctor Who, in different media: apart from the actual television episodes that continue to be produced by the BBC, there have also been novels, comics, short stories, audio books, radio plays, interactive video games, game books, webcasts, DVD extras, and stage performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and other appearances | Books",
"text": "Doctor Who books have been published from the mid-sixties through to the present day."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and other appearances | Books",
"text": "Numerous non-fiction books about the series, including guidebooks and critical studies, have also been published, and a dedicated Doctor Who Magazine with newsstand circulation has been published regularly since 1979."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and other appearances | Spin-offs",
"text": "Such spin-offs include the novel and audio drama series Faction Paradox, Iris Wildthyme and Bernice Summerfield; as well as the made-for-video series P.R.O.B.E.; the Australian-produced television series K-9, which aired a 26-episode first season on Disney XD; and the audio spin-off Counter-Measures."
}
] |
Doctor Who has inspired movies, books, novels, dramas and televisions series.
| 0 | 0 |
Doctor Who
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After several lineup changes in its early years, the band settled on nine members for more than a decade: Crahan, Jordison, Gray, Craig Jones, Mick Thomson, Corey Taylor, Sid Wilson, Chris Fehn, and Jim Root."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa."
}
] |
K42OVWmcQjbZD6PR8p9x
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram",
"text": "The nonagram was created by the band's members around the same time the band was founded."
},
{
"section_header": "Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram",
"text": "Each star point was meant to stand for each of the nine members of the original band, with at least one member, Chris Fehn, possessing a nonagram tattoo."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Iowa and hiatus (2001–2003)",
"text": "Recording of their second album ended in February 2001 and the band embarked on their Iowa World Tour."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Iowa and hiatus (2001–2003)",
"text": "In mid-2002, Slipknot went on hiatus because of internal conflicts, and band members focused on side projects."
},
{
"section_header": "History | All Hope Is Gone, third hiatus and Gray's death (2008–2010)",
"text": "founded the eponymous band Sid."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses) and second hiatus (2003–2007)",
"text": "On December 5, 2006, Slipknot released its third DVD Voliminal: Inside the Nine."
},
{
"section_header": "History | All Hope Is Gone, third hiatus and Gray's death (2008–2010)",
"text": "In 2010, Gray was planning to tour with the supergroup, Hail!, but on May 24, 2010, he was found dead in an Urbandale, Iowa hotel room."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Iowa and hiatus (2001–2003)",
"text": "drummer Jordison created Murderdolls with vocalist Wednesday 13, percussionist Crahan founded To My Surprise and DJ Wilson went solo as DJ Starscream."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Fourth hiatus, Fehn's departure, and We Are Not Your Kind (2017–present)",
"text": "We Are Not Your Kind, along with its tracklist and a music video for \"Unsainted\", where the new masks and outfits for the nine band members were shown for the first time, including an as-yet-unknown new percussionist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Slipknot is an American heavy metal band from Des Moines, Iowa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After several lineup changes in its early years, the band settled on nine members for more than a decade: Crahan, Jordison, Gray, Craig Jones, Mick Thomson, Corey Taylor, Sid Wilson, Chris Fehn, and Jim Root."
}
] |
The band Slipknot was founded in Iowa and had nine members.
| 0 | 0 |
Slipknot (band)
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The 2017 CIA Factbook reported that around 54.7% of Haitians profess to being Catholics while Protestants made up about 28.5% of the population (Baptist 15.4%, Pentecostal 7.9%, Seventh-day Adventist 3%, Methodist 1.5%, other 0.7%)."
}
] |
K454jxHGuN84AnNhXoWE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Aristide era (2004–present)",
"text": "Over time these protests evolved into demands for the resignation of president Moïse."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Haiti's population is about 10,788,000 (July 2018 est.) with half of the population younger than age 20."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Other sources put the Protestant population higher than this, suggesting that it might have formed one-third of the population in 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "Haiti relies upon imports for half its food needs and 80% of its rice."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Haitian penitentiary system",
"text": "Port-au-Prince penitentiary is home to half of Haiti's prisoners."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Aristide era (2004–present)",
"text": "This was the country's most severe earthquake in over 200 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The 2017 CIA Factbook reported that around 54.7% of Haitians profess to being Catholics while Protestants made up about 28.5% of the population (Baptist 15.4%, Pentecostal 7.9%, Seventh-day Adventist 3%, Methodist 1.5%, other 0.7%)."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Like other countries in Latin America, Haiti has witnessed a general Protestant expansion, which is largely Evangelical and Pentecostal in nature."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Aristide era (2004–present)",
"text": "The 2018 and 2019 Haitian protests are demonstrations in cities throughout Haiti that began on 7 July 2018, in response to increased fuel prices."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Duvalier era (1986–2004)",
"text": "The election had been boycotted by the opposition, then organized into the Convergence Démocratique, over a dispute in the May legislative elections."
}
] |
Over half of the population of Haiti is Protestant.
| 4 | 4 |
Haiti
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the second edition, Walpole applied the word 'Gothic' to the novel in the subtitle – \"A Gothic Story\"."
}
] |
K48stJDujEpUqyZUeuie
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Castle of Otranto was written in 1764 during Horace Walpole's tenure as MP for King's Lynn."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and adaptations | Literary",
"text": "She explained: This Story is the literary offspring of The Castle of Otranto, written upon the same plan, with a design to unite the most attractive and interesting circumstances of the ancient Romance and modern Novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel merged medievalism and terror in a style that has endured ever since."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "He employed an archaic style of writing to further reinforce this."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and adaptations | Film adaptations",
"text": "It took the form of a pseudo-documentary frame story in live action with an abridged adaptation of the story itself presented in cut-out animation in the style of Gothic art."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary elements | The Castle of Otranto and Shakespeare",
"text": "\"In Otranto, the castle and its labyrinths become grounds for incest that signal the dissolution of familial bonds\", which is also a major point of issue in Hamlet since Hamlet's mother (Gertrude) and his uncle (Claudius) were, in a way, related before their marriage."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Castle of Otranto tells the story of Manfred, lord of the castle, and his family."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Criticism | Articles",
"text": "Cohenour, Gretchen. \" A Man's Home is His Castle: Bloodlines and The Castle of Otranto.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Manfred – the lord of the Castle of Otranto."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "He also later goes on to rule the Castle of Otranto."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the second edition, Walpole applied the word 'Gothic' to the novel in the subtitle – \"A Gothic Story\"."
}
] |
The Castle of Otranto was written in the style of the transcendentalists.
| 0 | 0 |
The Castle of Otranto
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Youth and accession",
"text": "Philip was the youngest son of the king Amyntas III and Eurydice I."
}
] |
K50xdSd2R49r5RVjFmA6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a member of the Argead dynasty of Macedonian kings, the third son of King Amyntas III of Macedon, and father of Alexander the Great and Philip III."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Youth and accession",
"text": "Philip was the youngest son of the king Amyntas III and Eurydice I."
},
{
"section_header": "Tomb of Philip II at Aigai",
"text": "Tomb II instead was identified in the study as that of King Arrhidaeus and his wife Eurydice II."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip II of Macedon (Greek: Φίλιππος Β΄ ὁ Μακεδών; 382–336 BC) was the king (basileus) of the kingdom of Macedon from 359 BC until his assassination in 336 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Tomb of Philip II at Aigai",
"text": "In 1977, Greek archaeologist Manolis Andronikos started excavating the Great Tumulus at Aigai near modern Vergina, the capital and burial site of the kings of Macedon, and found that two of the four tombs in the tumulus were undisturbed since antiquity."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Asian campaign (336 BC)",
"text": "At first, all went well. The Greek cities on the western coast of Anatolia revolted until the news arrived that Philip had been assassinated and had been succeeded as king by his young son Alexander."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Fictional portrayals",
"text": "Fredric March portrayed Philip II of Macedon in the film Alexander the Great (1956)."
},
{
"section_header": "Tomb of Philip II at Aigai",
"text": "More recent research gives further evidence that Tomb II contains the remains of Philip II."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Fictional portrayals",
"text": "Val Kilmer portrayed Philip II of Macedon in Oliver Stone's 2004 biopic Alexander."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Fictional portrayals",
"text": "Sunny Ghanshani portrayed Philip II of Macedon in Siddharth Kumar Tewary's series Porus."
}
] |
Philip II of Macedon was the oldest son of a king.
| 1 | 3 |
Philip II of Macedon
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner."
}
] |
K5YHeQuEjAfN5C93VvzG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Appendix: Compson: 1699–1945",
"text": "Having been written sixteen years after The Sound and the Fury, the appendix presents some textual differences from the novel, but serves to clarify the novel's opaque story."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1931, however, when Faulkner's sixth novel, Sanctuary, was published—a sensationalist story, which Faulkner later said was written only for money—The Sound and the Fury also became commercially successful, and Faulkner began to receive critical attention."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is a widely influential work of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is a novel by the American author William Faulkner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Published in 1929, The Sound and the Fury was Faulkner's fourth novel, and was not immediately successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The Sound and the Fury is set in Jefferson, Mississippi, in the first third of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "In 1945, Faulkner wrote a \"Compson Appendix\" to be included with future printings of The Sound and the Fury."
},
{
"section_header": "Limited edition",
"text": "In 2012, The Folio Society released an edition, limited to 1,480 copies, of The Sound and the Fury."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Sound and the Fury sixth on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Appendix: Compson: 1699–1945",
"text": "At Faulkner's behest, however, subsequent printings of The Sound and the Fury frequently contain the appendix at the end of the book; it is sometimes referred to as the fifth part."
}
] |
The Sound and the Fury was written by Shakespeare.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sound and the Fury
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "Strict rules against nepotism prevented Johns Hopkins University from hiring Goeppert Mayer as a faculty member."
},
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "These rules, created at many universities to prevent patronage, had by this time lost their original purpose and were primarily used to prevent the employment of women married to faculty members."
}
] |
K6RGUFcnSkuzCcZ2EBGE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1986, the Maria Goeppert-Mayer Award for early-career women physicists was established in her honor."
},
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "She was given a job as an assistant in the Physics Department working with German correspondence, for which she received a very small salary, a place to work and access to the facilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "After her death, the Maria Goeppert Mayer Award was created by the American Physical Society (APS) to honor young female physicists at the beginning of their careers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Strict rules against nepotism prevented Johns Hopkins University from taking her on as a faculty member, but she was given a job as an assistant and published a landmark paper on double beta decay in 1935."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "A purported shortage of women mathematics teachers for schools for girls led to an upsurge of women studying mathematics at a time of high unemployment, and there was even a female professor of mathematics at Göttingen, Emmy Noether, but most were only interested in qualifying for their teaching certificates."
},
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "These rules, created at many universities to prevent patronage, had by this time lost their original purpose and were primarily used to prevent the employment of women married to faculty members."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the second woman to win a Nobel Prize in physics, the first being Marie Curie."
},
{
"section_header": "Manhattan Project",
"text": "When the nearby Argonne National Laboratory was founded on July 1, 1946, Goeppert Mayer was also offered a part-time job there as a senior physicist in the theoretical physics division."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Open to all female physicists who hold Ph.D.s, the winner receives money and the opportunity to give guest lectures about her research at four major institutions."
},
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "This ended when the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, and many academics, including Born and Franck, lost their jobs."
},
{
"section_header": "United States",
"text": "Strict rules against nepotism prevented Johns Hopkins University from hiring Goeppert Mayer as a faculty member."
}
] |
Maria Goeppert-Mayer's career was notably stalled for some time thanks to unscrupulously utilized regulations which were misused to stop women from being given jobs in a particular institution of learning.
| 0 | 0 |
Maria Goeppert-Mayer
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (; Russian: Леонид Ильич Брежнев, IPA: [lʲɪɐˈnʲid ɪˈlʲjidʑ ˈbrʲeʐnʲɪf] (listen); Ukrainian: Леонід Ілліч Брежнєв, 19 December 1906 – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union as General Secretary of the governing Communist Party (1964–1982) and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1977–1982)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | World War II (1941–1945)",
"text": "When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, Brezhnev was, like most middle-ranking Party officials, immediately drafted."
}
] |
K6tpdOqCZVOZyr03lCJT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brezhnev was born into a Russian worker's family in Kamenskoye, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Russian Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | World War II (1941–1945)",
"text": "When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941, Brezhnev was, like most middle-ranking Party officials, immediately drafted."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In another poll in 2013, Brezhnev was voted the best Russian leader of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader of the Soviet Union (1964–1982) | Foreign and defense policies | Sino–Soviet relations",
"text": "Leonid Brezhnev, a pragmatic politician who promoted the idea of \"stabilization\", could not comprehend why Mao would start such a \"self-destructive\" drive to finish the socialist revolution, according to himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (; Russian: Леонид Ильич Брежнев, IPA: [lʲɪɐˈnʲid ɪˈlʲjidʑ ˈbrʲeʐnʲɪf] (listen); Ukrainian: Леонід Ілліч Брежнєв, 19 December 1906 – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who led the Soviet Union as General Secretary of the governing Communist Party (1964–1982) and as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1977–1982)."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader of the Soviet Union (1964–1982) | Domestic policies | Society",
"text": "The standard of living in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) had fallen behind that of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (GSSR) and the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (ESSR) under Brezhnev; this led many Russians to believe that the policies of the Soviet Government were hurting the Russian population."
},
{
"section_header": "Leader of the Soviet Union (1964–1982) | Cult of personality",
"text": "Russian historian Roy Medvedev emphasizes the bureaucratic mentality and personality strengths that enabled Brezhnev to gain power."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In an opinion poll by VTsIOM in 2007 the majority of Russians chose to live during the Brezhnev era rather than any other period of 20th century Soviet history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Origins (1906–1939)",
"text": "Brezhnev was born on 19 December 1906 in Kamenskoye, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Russian Empire (now Kamianske, Ukraine), to metalworker Ilya Yakovlevich Brezhnev and his wife, Natalia Denisovna Mazalova."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Origins (1906–1939)",
"text": "Brezhnev's ethnicity was given as Ukrainian in some documents, including his passport, and Russian in others."
}
] |
Leonid Brezhnev was a Russian leader and was drafted.
| 2 | 7 |
Leonid Brezhnev
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Edward Ives (; October 20, 1874 – May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer, one of the first American composers of international renown."
}
] |
K7U5BropK2kr3IPq1Ez5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Planet Arts Records released Mists: Charles Ives for Jazz Orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "In 1899, Ives moved to employment with the insurance agency Charles H. Raymond & Co., where he stayed until 1906."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "His widow, who died in 1969 at age 92, bequeathed the royalties from his music to the American Academy of Arts and Letters for the Charles Ives Prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "American singer and composer Frank Zappa included Charles Ives in a list of influences that he presented in the liner notes of his debut album Freak Out! (1966)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Edward Ives (; October 20, 1874 – May 19, 1954) was an American modernist composer, one of the first American composers of international renown."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Charles got his influences by sitting in the Danbury town square and listening to his father's marching band and other bands on other sides of the square simultaneously."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "His name is Ives. Ives reportedly also won the admiration of Gustav Mahler, who said that he was a true musical revolutionary."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Ives had a successful career in insurance."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "It was from him that Ives also learned the music of Stephen Foster."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Ives came downstairs with tears in his eyes."
}
] |
Charles Ives was raised in London.
| 2 | 6 |
Charles Ives
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Hank Greenberg was born Hyman Greenberg on January 1, 1911, in Greenwich Village, New York City, to Romanian Orthodox Jewish parents, David and Sarah Greenberg, who had emigrated from Bucharest."
}
] |
K7YseIXXwJhl6rxFCJK7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Hank Greenberg: The Story of My Life."
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Hank Greenberg; Ira Berkow (2001)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "It ended with Greenberg's grand slam on the next pitch, clinching Hal Newhouser's 25th victory of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Management and ownership",
"text": "During Veeck and Greenberg's first season, the White Sox won their first AL pennant since 1919."
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Hank Greenberg: The Hero Who Didn't Want To Be One."
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "John Rosengren (2013). Hank Greenberg: The Hero of Heroes."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Early years",
"text": "\" The complete text of the poem is at the end of Greenberg's biography page at the website of the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "Murderers Row team George Pipgras—supposedly said, \" Sorry Hank, but"
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Ira Berkow (2001). Hank Greenberg: Hall-of-Fame Slugger."
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Shelley Sommer (2011). Hammerin' Hank Greenberg: Baseball Pioneer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Hank Greenberg was born Hyman Greenberg on January 1, 1911, in Greenwich Village, New York City, to Romanian Orthodox Jewish parents, David and Sarah Greenberg, who had emigrated from Bucharest."
}
] |
Hank Greenberg's mother was from Russia.
| 0 | 0 |
Hank Greenberg
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JFK was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director for Stone and Best Supporting Actor for Jones and won two for Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing."
}
] |
K7izWDWbFkEw2kH4lkbI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "\"Roger Ebert of Chicago Sun-Times went on to name Stone's film as the best film of the year and one of the top ten films of the decade, as well as one of The Great Movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "But he went out on a limb, way out."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 5th Most Controversial Movie Ever."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Stone recalls, \"He had the first draft, and I went through probably six or seven drafts."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": ", the movie rushes toward judgment for three breathless hours, lassoing facts and factoids by the thousands, then bundling them together into an incendiary device that would frag any viewer's complacency."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "That was the idea of JFK – that was the essence of it: basically, that's why I called it JFK."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "Pretty much like in the movie, he just started to talk.\" According to Stone, I feel this was in the spirit of the truth because Garrison also met a deep throat type named Richard Case Nagell, who claimed to be a CIA agent and made Jim aware of a much larger scenario than the microcosm of New Orleans."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "When Stone set out to write the screenplay, he asked Sklar (who also edited Marrs' book) to co-write it with him and distill the Garrison and Marrs books and Rusconi's research into a script that would resemble what he called \"a great detective movie.\" Stone told Sklar his vision of the film: I see the models as Z and Rashomon"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "JFK was released in theaters on December 20, 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "However, Warren Beatty owned the rights and so Stone pitched JFK."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JFK was nominated for eight Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Director for Stone and Best Supporting Actor for Jones and won two for Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing."
}
] |
The JFK movie went 2 for 9 at the Oscars.
| 1 | 2 |
JFK (film)
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "In 1995 a remake was produced, starring Harrison Ford, Julia Ormond, and Greg Kinnear in the roles originally played by Bogart, Hepburn, and Holden, respectively."
}
] |
K7ofSclnf8NlE7RXEMjo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film opened in New York and Los Angeles on September 23, 1954 and was number one at the US box office for two weeks."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Best known for playing tough detectives and adventurers, Bogart was cast against type as a smart businessman gradually transformed into a romantic lead."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "In a 1974 interview, Head stated that she was responsible for creating the dresses, with inspiration from some Givenchy designs that Hepburn liked, but that she made important changes, and the dresses were not by Givenchy."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Sabrina had been on the point of sailing for France, where she is to attend Le Cordon Bleu, the leading culinary school in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The location used to portray the Larrabee family's mansion in Glen Cove, New York was 'Hill Grove', the home of George Lewis in Beverly Hills, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes",
"text": "In 1995 a remake was produced, starring Harrison Ford, Julia Ormond, and Greg Kinnear in the roles originally played by Bogart, Hepburn, and Holden, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sabrina ( Sabrina Fair/La Vie en Rose in the United Kingdom) is a 1954 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Billy Wilder, adapted for the screen by Wilder, Samuel A. Taylor, and Ernest Lehman from Taylor's 1953 play Sabrina Fair."
}
] |
There was a new one made with the guy that played Luke Skywalker as one of the lead actors.
| 1 | 3 |
Sabrina (1954 film)
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Though Jackman reprised and developed his themes for Captain America and the Winter Soldier from the previous film, and introduced motifs for the new characters Spider-Man, Black Panther, and Zemo, he was wary of pushing the audience to one side of the central conflict or the other by using character-specific music; Jackman composed a new main theme for the film to represent the Civil War, \"a generic theme to balance everything out\", \"toward which all the characters can gravitate."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "He found the movie to be tonally different from the previous one, which necessitated a much more symphonic and orchestral score."
}
] |
K8OQIRfiTmuXMCAHUcyq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Captain America: Civil War begins the next wave of Marvel movies with an action-packed superhero blockbuster boasting a decidedly non-cartoonish plot and the courage to explore thought-provoking themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Though Jackman reprised and developed his themes for Captain America and the Winter Soldier from the previous film, and introduced motifs for the new characters Spider-Man, Black Panther, and Zemo, he was wary of pushing the audience to one side of the central conflict or the other by using character-specific music; Jackman composed a new main theme for the film to represent the Civil War, \"a generic theme to balance everything out\", \"toward which all the characters can gravitate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Captain America: Civil War is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Captain America, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "\" Jackman also wrote a thriller theme that appears whenever the mystery surrounding Zemo's plan is explored."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "Captain America: Civil War earned $75.5 million on its opening day."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Promotion",
"text": "In one program, Everhart discusses events leading to Captain America: Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Theatrical",
"text": "Captain America: Civil War was the first film released in Phase Three of the MCU."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "On the Spider-Man suit, Joe Russo described it as \"a slightly more traditional, Steve Ditko influenced suit,\" and that the film would explore the way the suit operates, particularly the mechanical eyes."
},
{
"section_header": "Future",
"text": "According to Feige, Civil War is the conclusion of the Captain America trilogy that began with The First Avenger."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Samuel L. Jackson, who appeared as Nick Fury in the two previous Captain America films, said he was \"surprised\" to discover that he would not be in Captain America: Civil War, after \"the Russo Brothers told [him he] was.\" Moore stated that Fury was not included \"because he didn't add anything to the Civil War story they were telling\", while Markus stated that they did not want him to choose any particular side because \"that's not his place in the universe\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "He found the movie to be tonally different from the previous one, which necessitated a much more symphonic and orchestral score."
}
] |
Captain America: Civil War superhero production was an opportunity for the composer to explore thought-provoking themes that would influence the audience to cheer for the underdog.
| 0 | 0 |
Captain America: Civil War
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "17-year-old Holden Caulfield lives in an unspecified institution in California after the end of World War II."
}
] |
K8PfukgLuF2J5wMoFXts
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Catcher in the Rye is a novel by J. D. Salinger, partially published in serial form in 1945–1946 and as a novel in 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Bill Gates said that The Catcher in the Rye is one of his favorite books."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Around one million copies are sold each year, with total sales of more than 65 million books."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In June 2009, the BBC's Finlo Rohrer wrote that, 58 years since publication, the book is still regarded \"as the defining work on what it is like to be a teenager.\" Adam Gopnik considers it one of the \"three perfect books\" in American literature, along with Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and The Great Gatsby, and believes that \"no book has ever captured a city better than Catcher in the Rye captured New York in the fifties."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The story \"I'm Crazy\", which was published in the December 22, 1945 issue of Collier's, contained material that was later used in The Catcher in the Rye."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempted adaptations | Banned fan fiction",
"text": "The issue is complicated by the nature of Colting's book, 60 Years Later: Coming Through the Rye, which has been compared to fan fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Censorship and use in schools",
"text": "Between 1961 and 1982, The Catcher in the Rye was the most censored book in high schools and libraries in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Censorship and use in schools",
"text": "According to the American Library Association, The Catcher in the Rye was the 10th most frequently challenged book from 1990 to 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "When asked if he cares about anything, Holden shares a selfless fantasy he has been thinking about (based on a mishearing of Robert Burns's Comin' Through the Rye), in which he imagines himself as making a job of saving children running through a field of rye by catching them before they fell off a nearby cliff (a \"catcher in the rye\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Holden shops for a special record, \"Little Shirley Beans\", for his 10-year-old sister Phoebe."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "17-year-old Holden Caulfield lives in an unspecified institution in California after the end of World War II."
}
] |
The book, The Catcher in the Rye, was published in 1951 and is based on a fifteenth year old.
| 0 | 2 |
The Catcher in the Rye
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Series overview",
"text": "It follows the life of Elena Gilbert (Nina Dobrev), a teenage girl who has just lost both parents in a car accident, as she falls in love with a 162-year-old vampire named Stefan Salvatore (Paul Wesley)."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Initially, Kevin Williamson had little interest in developing the series, finding the premise too similar to Stephenie Meyer's successful novels, Twilight."
}
] |
K8daDyC9abniZFu4EjmR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Spin-off",
"text": "Claire Holt made a special cameo in The Vampire Diaries, in the episodes"
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "the pilot for The Vampire Diaries with Williamson and Julie Plec set as the head writers and executive producers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Ratings",
"text": "In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 TV shows with the most Facebook Likes found that \"as with several other shows that focus on the supernatural,\" The Vampire Diaries was \"slightly more popular outside of cities."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Now there is a spin-off called The Originals, that goes into depth about the original vampire family from The Vampire Diaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Spin-off",
"text": "Michael Trevino made a special cameo on episodes of The Originals, \"Bloodletting\" and \"The River In Reverse.\" Joseph Morgan, Daniel Gillies, and Claire Holt returned to The Vampire Diaries in a special cameo on the series' 100th episode \"500 Years of Solitude\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Spin-off",
"text": "To date, The Originals: The Awakening is the only web series in The Vampire Diaries universe."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview",
"text": "It follows the life of Elena Gilbert (Nina Dobrev), a teenage girl who has just lost both parents in a car accident, as she falls in love with a 162-year-old vampire named Stefan Salvatore (Paul Wesley)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The Vampire Diaries initially received mixed reviews, which through the course of the show, improved significantly."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media releases",
"text": "Vampire Diaries Season 2 will be available on DVD and Blu-ray on August 30, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media releases",
"text": "The Vampire Diaries: Season 3 will be available on DVD and Blu-ray on September 11 and A and on September 5, 2012, for Regions 4 and B. The Vampire Diaries: Season 4 is available on DVD and Blu-ray in A as of September 15, 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Initially, Kevin Williamson had little interest in developing the series, finding the premise too similar to Stephenie Meyer's successful novels, Twilight."
}
] |
The Vampire Diaries almost wasn't made because the producer thought it was too much like Gilmore Girls with vampires.
| 0 | 0 |
The Vampire Diaries
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Bolton, Massachusetts, Robinson was a catcher in the minor New England League in 1885 and made it to the major leagues in 1886 with the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, where he remained until 1890."
}
] |
K8pauHXov22fS7or3Kel
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Those two clubs lost in the World Series to the Boston Red Sox and Cleveland Indians, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wilbert Robinson (June 29, 1864 – August 8, 1934), nicknamed \"Uncle Robbie\", was an American catcher, coach and manager in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Bolton, Massachusetts, Robinson was a catcher in the minor New England League in 1885 and made it to the major leagues in 1886 with the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, where he remained until 1890."
},
{
"section_header": "Robinson and Ruth Law",
"text": "From this point on, Robinson referred to airplanes as fruit flies."
},
{
"section_header": "Robinson and Ruth Law",
"text": "The grapefruit made such a mess that Robinson thought he had lost his eye because of the acid and the bloodlike splatter that covered him."
},
{
"section_header": "Robinson and Ruth Law",
"text": "On March 13, 1915, at spring training in Daytona Beach, Florida, Robinson decided to try to set a record of sorts by catching a baseball dropped from an airplane being flown 525 feet (160 m) overhead."
},
{
"section_header": "American League Orioles",
"text": "Robinson succeeded McGraw as manager of the Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Robinson was manager when Al López started out as a catcher in the majors."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Robinson was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945 by the Old-Timers Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement and death",
"text": "After his retirement from managing, Robinson became the president of the Atlanta Crackers minor league team."
}
] |
Wilbert Robinson was called "Uncle Robbie" and his birthplace is Boston, Massachusetts.
| 1 | 2 |
Wilbert Robinson
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Additional scenes were filmed in Arizona, Utah's Monument Valley, and Montana's Glacier National Park."
}
] |
K99zZu2oAOgfb5BJA0Dn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom and stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright, Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson and Sally Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Symbolism | Feather",
"text": "\"In The Simpsons episode \"Gump Roast\" opening scene, Homer Simpson is shown on a park bench, same like Forrest Gump."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Additional scenes were filmed in Arizona, Utah's Monument Valley, and Montana's Glacier National Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The most notable place was Grandfather Mountain, where a part of the road subsequently became known as \"Forrest Gump Curve\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Script",
"text": "The film is based on the 1986 novel by Winston Groom."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In December 2011, Forrest Gump was selected for preservation in the Library of Congress' National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel sequel",
"text": "It is based on the original novel's sequel, Gump and Co. written by Winston Groom in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As Forrest is finally reunited with Jenny, she introduces him to their son, named Forrest Gump,"
},
{
"section_header": "Novel sequel",
"text": "During the course of the sequel novel, Gump runs into Tom Hanks and at the end of the novel in the film's release, including Gump going on The David Letterman Show and attending the Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel sequel",
"text": "On the very first page of the sequel novel, Forrest Gump tells readers \"Don't never let nobody make a movie of your life's story,\" though \"Whether they get it right or wrong, it doesn't matter."
}
] |
The film, Forrest Gump, based on the novel of the same name, was filmed in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado.
| 3 | 7 |
Forrest Gump
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "This was particularly true in the area of the present-day state of Louisiana, which also contained a large number of free people of color."
}
] |
K9AMFFoDnCvLSNzJlZm5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, France only controlled a small fraction of this area, with most of it inhabited by Native Americans; for the majority of the area, what the United States bought was the \"preemptive\" right to obtain Native American lands by treaty or by conquest, to the exclusion of other colonial powers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the time of the purchase, the territory of Louisiana's non-native population was around 60,000 inhabitants, of whom half were African slaves."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "This was particularly true in the area of the present-day state of Louisiana, which also contained a large number of free people of color."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Following the establishment of the United States, the Americans controlled the area east of the Mississippi and north of New Orleans."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "New Orleans was already important for shipping agricultural goods to and from the areas of the United States west of the Appalachian Mountains."
},
{
"section_header": "Domestic opposition and constitutionality",
"text": "The Louisiana Purchase was the latter, a treaty."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery",
"text": "The Louisiana Territory was broken into smaller portions for administration, and the territories passed slavery laws similar to those in the southern states but incorporating provisions from the preceding French and Spanish rule (for instance, Spain had prohibited slavery of Native Americans in 1769, but some slaves of mixed African-Native American descent were still being held in St. Louis in Upper Louisiana when the U.S. took over)."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on Native Americans",
"text": "Felix S. Cohen, Interior Department Lawyer who helped pass ICCA, is often quoted as saying, \"practically all of the real estate acquired by the United States since 1776 was purchased not from Napoleon or any other emperor or czar but from its original Indian owners\", roughly estimating that Indians had received twenty times as much as France had for the Territory bought by the United States, \"somewhat in excess of 800 million dollars\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Louisiana Purchase was by far the largest territorial gain in U.S. history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Louisiana Purchase (French: Vente de la Louisiane 'Sale of Louisiana') was the acquisition of the territory of Louisiana by the United States from France in 1803."
}
] |
There were no unenslaved Africans in the areas covered by the Louisiana Purchase when it was bought.
| 2 | 2 |
Louisiana Purchase
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lena Marquard died of an abdominal infection in 1899 and Rube's grandmother took responsibility for raising him."
}
] |
K9eZg582Z1TnTRyDJ71b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Marquard quit school after the fifth grade; biographer Larry Mansch writes that he \"simply refused to attend any longer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lena Marquard died of an abdominal infection in 1899 and Rube's grandmother took responsibility for raising him."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Marquard died in Baltimore, Maryland on June 1, 1980 at the age of 93."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rube Marquard was born in Cleveland, Ohio to German immigrant Fred Marquard and Lena Heiser Marquard."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Marquard allegedly celebrated by buying an opal stickpin to reward himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1914, Marquard went 12–22, and in 1915, he joined the Brooklyn Robins."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Marquard was a performer in vaudeville, appearing with Blossom Seeley and later marrying her."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Richard Marquard Jr. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\"Newspaper reports first mentioned Marquard in 1905 when he played with an amateur team in Cleveland."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Bill James described Marquard as \"probably the worst starting pitcher in the Hall of Fame.\" Marquard had been interviewed for the popular baseball book, The Glory of Their Times, in the early 1960s, and his chapter is thought to be one of the primary reasons for his election."
}
] |
Marquard was raised by his Aunt after his mother died and quit school after 3rd grade.
| 1 | 6 |
Rube Marquard
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "But the Hall of Fame was also damaged. ... The message that got through to the public, loosely translated, was that the Hall of Fame was a racist institution. ... Bowie Kuhn would have been a better friend to the Hall of Fame if he had led them to come to terms with their institutional racism in private, rather than leading them to expose it to the public.\" After being in office for over ten years, Kuhn had grown a strong reputation for being hard on players who abused drugs."
}
] |
KAMGUGpyLXbVJJy4Ekyc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "Kuhn was quick to punish players who used drugs with heavy fines and suspensions."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Charles O. Finley",
"text": "Though he had a reputation as an owners' commissioner, Kuhn did not avoid confronting at least one owner whom he disliked."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Ted Turner",
"text": "Kuhn concluded that Turner's statement was not in the \"best interest of baseball\" and fined Turner, suspended him from baseball for one year, and penalized his club with the loss of a draft choice."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Curt Flood | Flood v. Kuhn",
"text": "Flood's attorney, former Supreme Court Justice Arthur Goldberg, asserted that the reserve clause depressed wages and limited players to one team for life."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner",
"text": "Recalling the event to The Washington Post, Kuhn believed that \"that afternoon...the idea of a lifetime baseball pass was discussed,\" and upon their return from Iran, each of the 52 hostages was given one of these unique passes."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "In 1983, four players from the Kansas City Royals – Willie Wilson, Jerry Martin, Willie Aikens, and Vida Blue – were found guilty of cocaine use."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "Kansas City Royals catcher Darrell Porter told the Associated Press that during the winter of 1979–1980 he became paranoid, convinced that Kuhn knew about his drug abuse, was trying to sneak into his house, and planned to ban him from baseball for life."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "In addition, such established stars as Ferguson Jenkins, Keith Hernandez, Dave Parker, and other veteran players such as Dale Berra, admitted to having problems with drugs."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "But the Hall of Fame was also damaged. ... The message that got through to the public, loosely translated, was that the Hall of Fame was a racist institution. ... Bowie Kuhn would have been a better friend to the Hall of Fame if he had led them to come to terms with their institutional racism in private, rather than leading them to expose it to the public.\" After being in office for over ten years, Kuhn had grown a strong reputation for being hard on players who abused drugs."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner",
"text": "Kuhn suspended numerous players for involvement with drugs and gambling, and took a strong stance against any activity that he perceived to be \"not in the best interests of baseball\"."
}
] |
Kuhn was not lenient on his views on drug use.
| 2 | 2 |
Bowie Kuhn
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie is an epic poem by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, written in English and published in 1847."
}
] |
KAOSGwwyWL9Yc2jSgNEV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Evangeline is one of the few nineteenth-century compositions in that meter which is still read today."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Film",
"text": "The film was one of the duo's biggest hits but is now lost."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Landmarks and statues",
"text": "Another site claiming to have relation to the historical figures that Evangeline was based upon is the Arceneaux House in Hamshire, Texas, which is marked by a Texas Historical Marker."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "An opera based on Evangeline, composed by Colin Doroschuk, debuted in 2012 in reduced concert form, and was first performed in full in 2014 at Opéra-Théâtre de Rimouski."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Film",
"text": "In 1919, Raoul Walsh made a film based on the poem for 20th Century Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "The Canadian folk singer-songwriter Susan Crowe mentions the \"statue of Evangeline\" in her song \"Your One and Only Life\", the first track on an album entitled The Door to the River released in 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though the choice was criticized, it became Longfellow's most famous work in his lifetime and remains one of his most popular and enduring works."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "A half-hour suite of guitar music by guitarist and composer Loren Mazzacane Connors, based on scenes in the Longfellow story, was released as a compact disc titled Evangeline (RoadCone, 1998), with a title track vocal by Suzanne Langille."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "Indie folk artist Tony Halchak released an EP titled A Tale of Acadie in 2011, based on the poem but told from Gabriel's point of view."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response",
"text": "A reviewer for The Metropolitan Magazine said, \"No one with any pretensions to poetic feeling can read its delicious portraiture of rustic scenery and of a mode of life long since defunct, without the most intense delight\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie is an epic poem by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, written in English and published in 1847."
}
] |
Evangeline is a based on a girl's diary.
| 0 | 0 |
Evangeline
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Sinatra had three children, Nancy (born 1940), Frank Jr. (1944–2016), and Tina (born 1948) with his first wife, Nancy Sinatra (née Barbato; March 25, 1917 – July 13, 2018), to whom he was married from 1939 to 1951.Sinatra had met Barbato in Long Branch, New Jersey in the late 1930s, where he spent most of the summer working as a lifeguard."
}
] |
KB2xSzkH3dze8IHwhz3k
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dolly found Sinatra work as a delivery boy at the Jersey Observer newspaper, where his godfather Frank Garrick worked, and after that, Sinatra was a riveter at the Tietjen and Lang shipyard."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | Columbia years and career slump (1946–1952)",
"text": "Sinatra's last two albums with Columbia, Dedicated to You and Sing and Dance with Frank Sinatra, were released in 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | Onset of Sinatramania and role in World War II (1942–1945)",
"text": "Perfectly simple: It was the war years and there was a great loneliness, and I was the boy in every corner drugstore, the boy who'd gone off drafted to the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry",
"text": "Lahr comments that the new Sinatra was \"not the gentle boy balladeer of the forties."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | Hoboken Four and Harry James (1935–1939)",
"text": "Dorsey was a major influence on Sinatra and became a father figure."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Farrow said that Sinatra might be the father of her son Ronan Farrow (born 1987)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Sinatra's illiterate father was a bantamweight boxer who fought under the name Marty O'Brien."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and death",
"text": "The words \"The Best Is Yet to Come\", plus \"Beloved Husband & Father\" are imprinted on Sinatra's grave marker."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | Hoboken Four and Harry James (1935–1939)",
"text": "Sinatra later said that \"The only two people I've ever been afraid of are my mother and Tommy Dorsey\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sinatra retired for the first time in 1971, but came out of retirement two years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Sinatra had three children, Nancy (born 1940), Frank Jr. (1944–2016), and Tina (born 1948) with his first wife, Nancy Sinatra (née Barbato; March 25, 1917 – July 13, 2018), to whom he was married from 1939 to 1951.Sinatra had met Barbato in Long Branch, New Jersey in the late 1930s, where he spent most of the summer working as a lifeguard."
}
] |
Frank Sinatra was the father to two boys.
| 0 | 0 |
Frank Sinatra
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (French: Massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy) in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations and a wave of Catholic mob violence, directed against the Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants) during the French Wars of Religion."
}
] |
KBnLU56ujYIMhzoB8bPw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the royal family",
"text": "Over the centuries, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre has inevitably aroused a great deal of controversy."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "\"The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and the events surrounding it were incorporated into D.W. Griffith's film Intolerance (1916)."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the religious factions",
"text": "With these words, the most popular preacher in Paris legitimised in advance the events of St. Bartholomew's Day\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "Who entitled The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (French: Massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy) in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations and a wave of Catholic mob violence, directed against the Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants) during the French Wars of Religion."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "A Huguenot on St. Bartholomew's Day (1852), which depicts a Catholic woman attempting to convince her Huguenot lover to wear the white scarf badge of the Catholics and protect himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the royal family",
"text": "The Parisian St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre resulted from this conjunction of interests, and this offers a much better explanation as to why the men of the Duke of Anjou acted in the name of the Lieutenant General of the Kingdom, consistent with the thinking of the time, rather than in the name of the King."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "Charles IX.The St Bartholomew's Day Massacre is the setting for Tim Willocks' historical novel, The Twelve Children of Paris (Matthias Tannhauser Trilogy:2) (2013), and Ken Follett's book A Column of Fire, published in 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the religious factions",
"text": "Holt, notable for re-emphasising the importance of religious issues, as opposed to political/dynastic power struggles or socio-economic tensions, in explaining the French Wars of Religion, also re-emphasised the role of religion in the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre."
},
{
"section_header": "Massacres | In the provinces",
"text": "It has been claimed that the Huguenot community represented as much as 10% of the French population on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, declining to 7-8% by the end of the 16th century, and further after heavy persecution began once again during the reign of Louis XIV, culminating with the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes."
}
] |
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre was the killing of Protestants.
| 1 | 4 |
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
|
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