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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers remain the tallest twin towers in the world."
}
] |
KBx0K3HP6Fr6FfGCIfCK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH)'s official definition and ranking, they were the tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to 2004, until they were surpassed by Taipei 101."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Tower 2 (Samsung C&T) became the first to reach the world's tallest building at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers remain the tallest twin towers in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The buildings are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur, along with nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower; they remain the tallest buildings in Kuala Lumpur."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "As a result of the Malaysian government specifying that the buildings be completed in six years, two construction consortia were hired to meet the deadline, one for each tower."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Interiors with furniture were completed on 1 January 1996, the spires of Tower 1 and Tower 2 were completed on 1 March 1996, 3 years after its construction was started, and the first batch of Petronas personnel moved into the building on 1 January 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers, also known as the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara Petronas, or Menara Berkembar Petronas), are twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "There are 29 double-deck passenger elevators, but there are different sets that service certain floors of the towers, specifically two sets of six of these double-deck passenger elevators to floors 1–23 and 1–37 respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture | Notable events",
"text": "The second attempt on 20 March 2007, exactly 10 years later, was also stopped on the same floor, though on the other tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "The lift operating chart of the Petronas Towers"
}
] |
Petronas Towers were the tallest towers for six years until Taipei 101 became the tallest.
| 4 | 5 |
Petronas Towers
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wiest won Best Supporting Actress for her performance, the second time Allen directed her to an Academy Award."
}
] |
KC2FeywrHRr1cUl6M7NV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bullets over Broadway is a 1994 American black comedy crime film directed by Woody Allen, written by Allen and Douglas McGrath and starring an ensemble cast including John Cusack, Dianne Wiest, Chazz Palminteri and Jennifer Tilly."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage musical",
"text": "Allen adapted the film as a stage Jukebox musical, titled Bullets Over Broadway the Musical."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Bullets over Broadway received a positive response from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Nominated",
"text": "Dianne Wiest Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest Society of Texas Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Won",
"text": "Dianne Wiest New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress –"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wiest won Best Supporting Actress for her performance, the second time Allen directed her to an Academy Award."
}
] |
The 1994 film Bullets over Broadway stars Dianne Wiest who won an Academy Award for her part.
| 0 | 0 |
Bullets over Broadway
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1964, Goldwater mobilized a large conservative constituency to win the hard-fought Republican presidential primaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Criticism of the Eisenhower Administration",
"text": "Goldwater was outspoken about the Eisenhower administration, calling some of the policies of the Eisenhower administration too liberal for a Republican President. \"... Democrats delighted in pointing out that the junior senator was so headstrong that he had gone out his way to criticize the president of his own party."
}
] |
KCEQEff20hcgYD9BWIaO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Political career | Criticism of the Eisenhower Administration",
"text": "\" There was a Democratic majority in Congress for most of Eisenhower's career and Goldwater felt that President Dwight Eisenhower was compromising too much with Democrats in order to get legislation passed."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | 1964 presidential campaign",
"text": "Bush's son, George H. W. Bush (then running for the Senate from Texas against Democrat Ralph Yarborough), was also a strong Goldwater supporter in both the nomination and general election campaigns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although raised as an Episcopalian, Goldwater was the first candidate of ethnically Jewish heritage to be nominated for President by a major American party (his father was Jewish)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1964, Goldwater mobilized a large conservative constituency to win the hard-fought Republican presidential primaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Criticism of the Eisenhower Administration",
"text": "Goldwater was outspoken about the Eisenhower administration, calling some of the policies of the Eisenhower administration too liberal for a Republican President. \"... Democrats delighted in pointing out that the junior senator was so headstrong that he had gone out his way to criticize the president of his own party."
},
{
"section_header": "Books",
"text": "With No Apologies: The Personal and Political Memoirs of Senator Barry M. Goldwater."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | 1964 presidential campaign",
"text": "Goldwater would defeat Rockefeller in the winner-take-all California primary and secure the nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | 1964 presidential campaign",
"text": "Because of President Johnson's popularity, Goldwater refrained from attacking the president directly."
},
{
"section_header": "Goldwater Scholarship",
"text": "The Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Program was established by Congress in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Buildings and monuments",
"text": "Among the buildings and monuments named after Barry Goldwater are: the Barry M. Goldwater Terminal at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, Goldwater Memorial Park in Paradise Valley, Arizona, the Barry Goldwater Air Force Academy Visitor Center at the United States Air Force Academy, and Barry Goldwater High School in northern Phoenix."
}
] |
Barry Goldwater embraced politics mobilizing Democrats to nominate him as President.
| 0 | 0 |
Barry Goldwater
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "The couple had two children together, Kelly and Garth."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "He was the youngest child of Troyal Raymond Brooks Jr. (1931–2010), a draftsman for an oil company, and Colleen McElroy Carroll (1929–1999), a 1950s-era country singer of Irish ancestry who recorded on the Capitol Records label and appeared on Ozark Jubilee."
}
] |
KCVhDcScvEiniuj6ITGZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "This was the second marriage for each of his parents, giving Brooks four older half-siblings (Jim, Jerry, Mike, and Betsy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Charitable activities",
"text": "In 1999, Brooks began the Teammates for Kids Foundation, which provides financial aid to charities for children."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Charitable activities",
"text": "Brooks' Teammates for Kids Foundation provided more than $1 million in funding to Habitat to help build homes in Thailand following the Asian tsunami."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "The couple had two children together, Kelly and Garth."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2005, Brooks started a partial comeback, giving select performances and releasing two compilation albums."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1995–98: More albums released and second world tour",
"text": "In November 1995, Brooks released Fresh Horses, his first album of new material in two years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1995–98: More albums released and second world tour",
"text": "The album spawned two additional number-one singles, \"Two Pina Coladas\" and \"To Make You Feel My Love\" (a Bob Dylan cover), which also was a top 10 hit on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart and was released on the soundtrack to the film, Hope Floats."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1989–90: Breakthrough success",
"text": "Each of these songs, as well as \"Two of a Kind, Workin' on a Full House\", reached No. 1 on the Hot Country Songs chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2009–2013: Las Vegas concert residency",
"text": "His first performances at Encore Las Vegas coincided with his wedding anniversary, and his wife Trisha Yearwood joined him for two songs."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–2015: Man Against Machine, GhostTunes, and world tour",
"text": "In February 2014, Brooks announced two concerts at Croke Park, Dublin, Ireland to be held on July 25 and 26, 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "He was the youngest child of Troyal Raymond Brooks Jr. (1931–2010), a draftsman for an oil company, and Colleen McElroy Carroll (1929–1999), a 1950s-era country singer of Irish ancestry who recorded on the Capitol Records label and appeared on Ozark Jubilee."
}
] |
Brooks's parents had two kids and he was eldest.
| 0 | 0 |
Garth Brooks
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Indeed, the early Willaert admired Josquin so much that he wrote a mass, Missa Mente Tota, in double canon throughout with two free voices, based upon a movement of a famous Josquin motet (Vultum tuum deprecabuntur)."
}
] |
KDByi5ZP9SilI9gLLYgt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "An anecdote survives that indicates the musical ability of the young composer: Willaert was surprised to discover the choir of the papal chapel singing one of his own compositions, most likely the six-part motet Verbum bonum et suave, and even more surprised to learn that they thought it had been written by the much more famous composer Josquin."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Indeed, the early Willaert admired Josquin so much that he wrote a mass, Missa Mente Tota, in double canon throughout with two free voices, based upon a movement of a famous Josquin motet (Vultum tuum deprecabuntur)."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "Adrian Willaert: a guide to research"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adrian Willaert (c. 1490 – 7 December 1562) was a Netherlandish composer of the Renaissance and founder of the Venetian School."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "Article \"Adrian Willaert,\" in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In Paris he met Jean Mouton, the principal composer of the French royal chapel and stylistic compatriot of Josquin des Prez, and studied with him."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influence",
"text": "Willaert was no less distinguished as a teacher than as a composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influence",
"text": "Willaert was one of the most versatile composers of the Renaissance, writing music in almost every extant style and form."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influence",
"text": "Another composer stylistically descended from Willaert was Lassus."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influence",
"text": "While more recent research has shown that Willaert was not the first to use this antiphonal, or polychoral method — Dominique Phinot had employed it before Willaert, and Johannes Martini even used it in the late 15th century – Willaert's polychoral settings were the first to become famous and widely imitated."
}
] |
Adrian Willaert dislike that people compared his music to the famous composer Josquin.
| 2 | 4 |
Adriaan Willaert
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "In 2011, 23.9 percent declared no religious affiliation, compared to 16.5 percent in 2001."
}
] |
KDG9px7TECGsoWL8N9rF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The majority of Canadians consider religion to be unimportant in their daily lives, but still believe in God."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "With Christianity in decline after having once been central and integral to Canadian culture and daily life, Canada has become a post-Christian, secular state."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "It is also the fastest growing religion in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The practice of religion is now generally considered a private matter throughout society and the state."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Islam is the largest non-Christian religion in Canada, constituting 3.2 percent of its population."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Law",
"text": "The Statute of Westminster 1931 granted full autonomy and the Constitution Act, 1982, ended all legislative ties to Britain, as well as adding a constitutional amending formula and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Education",
"text": "According to a 2019 report by the OECD, Canada is one of the most educated countries in the world; the country ranks first worldwide in the number of adults having tertiary education, with over 56 percent of Canadian adults having attained at least an undergraduate college or university degree."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "1.5 percent of the Canadian population is Hindu and 1.4 percent is Sikh."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations and military",
"text": "Canada seeks to expand its ties to Pacific Rim economies through membership in the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum ("
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "In 2011, 23.9 percent declared no religious affiliation, compared to 16.5 percent in 2001."
}
] |
10% of Canadians don't have ties to any specific religion.
| 0 | 0 |
Canada
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "The exact date of composition of The Two Gentlemen of Verona is unknown, but it is generally believed to have been one of Shakespeare's earliest works."
}
] |
KDq4996L4UZ0fvu7HIMS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Two Gentlemen is also featured in Shakespeare in Love (1998)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Two Gentlemen is often regarded as one of Shakespeare's weakest plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "It has been argued that Two Gentlemen may have been Shakespeare's first work for the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Two Gentlemen of Verona is a comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1589 and 1593."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "The exact date of composition of The Two Gentlemen of Verona is unknown, but it is generally believed to have been one of Shakespeare's earliest works."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "In 2000, episode three of season four of Dawson's Creek, \"Two Gentlemen of Capeside\" loosely adapted the plot of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio",
"text": "In 2007, producer Roger Elsgood and director Willi Richards adapted the play into a radio drama called The Two Gentlemen of Valasna."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "However, Tarlton died in September 1588, and Warren notes several passages in Two Gentlemen which seem to borrow from John Lyly's Midas, which wasn't written until at least late-1589."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and analysis | Themes",
"text": "One of the dominant theories as regards the value of Two Gentlemen is that thematically, it represents a 'trial run' of sorts, in which Shakespeare deals briefly with themes which he would examine in more detail in later works."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and analysis | Themes",
"text": "Writing in 1905, Chambers stated that Two Gentlemen was Shakespeare's first essay at originality, at fashioning for himself the outlines of that romantic or tragicomic formula in which so many of his most characteristic dramas were afterwards to be cast."
}
] |
The Two Gentlemen of Verona's time of creation is mysterious
| 0 | 0 |
Two Gentlemen of Verona
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ellen Burstyn (born Edna Rae Gillooly; December 7, 1932) is an American actress."
}
] |
KDvfQPr4HhxeDkfIHWct
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "From 1955 to 1956, Burstyn appeared as an \"away"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ellen Burstyn (born Edna Rae Gillooly; December 7, 1932) is an American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1984–2005: Television films and continued success",
"text": "In 1987, she appeared in Dear America: Letters Home from Vietnam and Look Away, both which were television movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1971–1983: Film breakthrough",
"text": "Upon its release on November 22, the film garnered mixed reviews, with Janet Maslin of The New York Times stating, \"Slade's screenplay isn't often funny, and it's full of momentous events that can't be laughed away\", but praises Burstyn for giving the role \"warmth and grace\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Burstyn majored in fashion illustration."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–2015: Further work in film and television",
"text": "Burstyn reacted, \"I thought it was fabulous."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–2015: Further work in film and television",
"text": "In 2006, Burstyn appeared in the epic drama"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1958–1970: Early work",
"text": "She was credited as Ellen McRae until 1967, when she and her then-husband Neil Nephew both changed their surname to Burstyn, and she began to be credited as Ellen Burstyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Burstyn, Ellen (2006). Lessons in Becoming Myself."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Burstyn then decided to become an actress and chose the name \"Ellen McRae\" as her professional name; she later changed her surname after her 1964 marriage to Neil Burstyn."
}
] |
Burstyn passed away in 1932.
| 0 | 0 |
Ellen Burstyn
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "Although his solo work was not as commercially successful as most Queen albums, the two off-Queen albums and several of the singles debuted in the top 10 of the UK Music Charts."
}
] |
KEMsrXFPtycC7F7XAeBV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "Although his solo work was not as commercially successful as most Queen albums, the two off-Queen albums and several of the singles debuted in the top 10 of the UK Music Charts."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "The album was a commercial success, and the album's title track debuted at No. 8 in the UK and was also a hit in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "As well as his work with Queen, Mercury put out two solo albums and several singles."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Posthumous Queen album",
"text": "The album featured Mercury's previously unreleased final recordings from 1991, as well as outtakes from previous years and reworked versions of solo works by the other members."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "In September 2006 a compilation album featuring Mercury's solo work was released in the UK in honour of what would have been his 60th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Voice",
"text": "The research team studied vocal samples from 23 commercially available Queen recordings, his solo work, and a series of interviews of the late artist."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "\"There Must Be More to Life Than This\" was eventually reworked by Queen and released on their compilation album Queen Forever in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "Mercury included the solo version of \"There Must Be More To Life Than This\" on his Mr. Bad Guy album."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "His first solo effort goes back to 1972 under the pseudonym Larry Lurex, when Trident Studios' house engineer Robin Geoffrey Cable was working in a musical project, at the time when Queen were recording their debut album; Cable enlisted Mercury to perform lead vocals on the songs"
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Solo career",
"text": "\"There Must Be More to Life Than This\"."
}
] |
Mercury's solo work was more commercially successful than Queen albums.
| 3 | 6 |
Freddie Mercury
|
Science
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Karen Spärck Jones FBA (26 August 1935 – 4 April 2007) was a pioneering British computer scientist responsible for the concept of inverse document frequency, a technology that underlies most modern search engines."
}
] |
KElPwwb2Dom0Nzh9xQ0C
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2019, The New York Times published her belated obituary in its series Overlooked, calling her \"a pioneer of computer science for work combining statistics and linguistics, and an advocate for women in the field.\" From 2008, to recognize her achievements in the fields of IR and NLP, the Karen Spärck Jones Award is awarded to a new recipient with outstanding research in one or both of her fields."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Karen Ida Boalth Spärck Jones was born in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "An annual British Computer Society Karen Spärck Jones lecture is named in her honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Spärck Jones worked at the Cambridge Language Research Unit from the late 1950s, then at Cambridge University Computer Laboratory from 1974 until her retirement in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She continued to work in the Computer Laboratory until shortly before her death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Karen Spärck Jones FBA (26 August 1935 – 4 April 2007) was a pioneering British computer scientist responsible for the concept of inverse document frequency, a technology that underlies most modern search engines."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Formerly known as Canalside West, the Spärck Jones building houses the University's School of Computing and Engineering."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spärck Jones was educated at a grammar school in Huddersfield and then from 1953 to 1956 at Girton College, Cambridge, studying history, with an additional final year in Moral Sciences (philosophy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her father was Owen Jones, a lecturer in chemistry, and her mother was Ida Spärck, a Norwegian who moved to Britain during World War II leaving on one of the last boats out of Norway after the German invasion in 1940."
}
] |
Karen Sparck Jones is who you can blame for Google, Yahoo, and other similar sites thanks to the work in her field.
| 3 | 6 |
Karen Sparck Jones
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In 2004 Santo and his battle against diabetes were the subject of a documentary, This Old Cub."
}
] |
KFjqVzO7JHrb8v5nz4dC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "As part of the publicity surrounding \"Ron Santo Day\" at Wrigley Field on August 28, 1971, he revealed his struggle with diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since 1979, Santo endorsed the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation's annual Ron Santo Walk to Cure Diabetes in Chicago."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Charities",
"text": "The Santo family has been involved with the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation since 1979, with the annual Ron Santo Walk to Cure Diabetes in Chicago having raised over $65 million for the organization."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In 2004 Santo and his battle against diabetes were the subject of a documentary, This Old Cub."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Santo had both his legs amputated below the knee as a result of his diabetes: the right in 2001 and the left in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Santo shared a bond in this respect with 2008 Cubs rookie Sam Fuld, who also suffers from type 1 diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Because the methods of regulating diabetes in the 1960s and 1970s were not as advanced as they are today, Santo gauged his blood sugar levels based on his moods."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In the early years of his playing career, he carefully concealed the fact that he had type 1 diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Broadcast career",
"text": "He worked with play-by-play announcer Pat Hughes, and these radio broadcasts were also known as the Pat and Ron Show."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy | Golden Era Committee",
"text": "\" On April 19, 2007, the Illinois House of Representatives adopted HB 109 (Cross), urging the Veterans Committee of the Baseball Hall of Fame to elect Ron Santo to the Baseball Hall of Fame."
}
] |
Ron Santo was diabetic.
| 0 | 0 |
Ron Santo
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A graduate of Columbia University, Collins holds major league career records in several categories and is among the top few players in several other categories."
}
] |
KFm4buoqGcc83ENbtRY6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "His son, Eddie Jr., was an outfielder who played for Yale University."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "In 1910, Collins stole a career-high 81 bases, the first American League player to steal 80+ bases in a season, and played on the first of his six World Series championship teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "Collins finished his career with 1,300 runs batted in."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins coached and managed in the major leagues after retiring as a player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When he signed with the Philadelphia organization, Collins was still a student at Columbia."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "Collins was renowned for his intelligence, confidence, batting prowess and speed."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "Collins returned to Philadelphia to rejoin the Athletics in 1927 as a player-coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing and front-office career",
"text": "Author Howard Bryant wrote that Collins' prejudice also extended to Jews and Catholics."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Return to the Athletics",
"text": "To date, Collins is the only MLB player to play for two teams for at least 12 seasons each."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing and front-office career",
"text": "After two seasons as a coach, Collins was hired as the general manager of the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A graduate of Columbia University, Collins holds major league career records in several categories and is among the top few players in several other categories."
}
] |
Eddie Collins never passed the 12th grade of high school.
| 0 | 1 |
Eddie Collins
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has recently started testing robotic delivery services and building drone delivery airports, as well as operating driverless delivery by unveiling its first autonomous truck."
}
] |
KHD6ihazqqgT8dtDaOCT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JD.com, Inc. (Chinese: 京东; pinyin: Jīngdōng), also known as Jingdong and formerly called 360buy, is a Chinese e-commerce company headquartered in Beijing."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 2007: began using the domain name 360buy.com, and the company name was changed to Jingdong Mall."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "In response, Dangdang also began to offer discounts to customers such as 30 yuan off when they spend 199 yuan or more."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has recently started testing robotic delivery services and building drone delivery airports, as well as operating driverless delivery by unveiling its first autonomous truck."
},
{
"section_header": "Digital marketing | Jingteng Plan",
"text": "“The precise orientation, closed-loop experience, user portraits, personalized creativity, unity of product and effect, and scientific measure of effectiveness” are said to be the six major aspects of the Jingteng Plan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JD.com has invested in high tech and AI delivery through drones, autonomous technology and robots, and possesses the largest drone delivery system, infrastructure and capability in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Digital marketing | Partnership with Ruyi",
"text": "As stated in the press release, JD would deploy its smart logistics, supply chain solutions, big data-enabled inventory management and membership systems for Ruyi’s subsidiary brands."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "On the morning of December 16, Dangdang stated that the company would invest 40 million Chinese yuan to give discounts to customers."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 2015: JD.com launch the Russian site aims to expand its business to global. June 2016- Wal-Mart sells its Chinese e-Commerce business Yihaodian to JD.com in exchange for a 5.9% equity stake valued at $1.5 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Digital marketing | Jingteng Plan",
"text": "In 2015, JD.com and Tencent announced the launch of the \"Jingteng Plan\" (Chinese: 京腾计划), a portmanteau of the two companies' names, which will provide merchants with a complete solution to establish a brand and promote marketing effectiveness by linking JD.com consumption data with Tencent social data."
}
] |
JD.com, Inc. is a Chinese conglomerate that not long ago began experimenting with versions of mechanical systems to replace some human operations.
| 0 | 0 |
JD.com
|
NOCAT
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and ministry",
"text": "Mastai's parents opposed the marriage and, in the event, he did not appear at the church on the appointed day."
}
] |
KHEaFr0F7MiYQDA0mM6L
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He conferred the title Our Mother of Perpetual Help on a famous Byzantine icon from Crete entrusted to the Redemptorists."
},
{
"section_header": "Sovereignty of the Papal States | Reforms in the Papal States",
"text": "He also showed himself hostile to Austrian influences, greatly to the delight of the Italian patriots, who hailed Pio Nono as the coming redeemer of Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Policies toward other nations | Mexico",
"text": "Relations with the Vatican would only be resumed when Maximilian sent the recently converted American Catholic priest Father Fischer to Rome as his envoy."
},
{
"section_header": "Policies toward other nations | Mexico",
"text": "As the days passed, Charlotte's mental state deteriorated."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Election",
"text": "Gizzi was favoured by the French government but failed to get further support from the cardinals, and the conclave ended up ultimately as a contest between Lambruschini and Mastai Ferretti."
},
{
"section_header": "Policies toward other nations | Italy",
"text": "The Pope, claiming to be above national interests, refused to go to war with Austria, which totally reversed the up to now popular view of him in his native Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1854, he promulgated the dogma of the Immaculate Conception, articulating a long-held Catholic belief that Mary, the Mother of God, was conceived without original sin."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and ministry",
"text": "the young Count Mastai was engaged to be married to an Irishwoman, Miss Foster (the daughter of the Bishop of Kilmore), and arrangements were made for the wedding to take place in the Church of San Luigi Dei Francesi."
},
{
"section_header": "Policies toward other nations | Russia",
"text": "Pius first tried to position himself in the middle, strongly opposing revolutionary and violent opposition against the Russian authorities and appealing to them for more ecclesiastical freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and ministry",
"text": "Mastai's parents opposed the marriage and, in the event, he did not appear at the church on the appointed day."
}
] |
Pope Pius IX did not show up the day of his wedding due to his father and mother opposition.
| 2 | 5 |
Pope Pius IX
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "Hip-Hop Songs. On June 18, 2017, Beyoncé's father Mathew Knowles confirmed that she and Jay-Z had welcomed twins: a daughter named Rumi and a son named Sir."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "They made it to the top of the list the following year, with a combined total of $122 million between June 2008 and June 2009.At the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, Beyoncé revealed that she was pregnant with their first child."
}
] |
KHH0rvbYllgKrxKyRiRr
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "In 2002, Jay-Z and singer Beyoncé collaborated on the song \"'03 Bonnie & Clyde\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Business career",
"text": "The shares were eventually sold to singer, rapper, actor and entrepreneur Will Pan, making Pan the first American of Taiwanese descent to own a U.S. professional sports franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "Business career",
"text": "Rocawear has clothing lines and accessories for men, women and children."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "The song detailed the couple's pregnancy struggles, including a miscarriage Beyoncé had suffered."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "Beyoncé and Jay-Z were listed as the most powerful couple for Time magazine's 100 most influential people of 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "They generally avoid discussing their relationship, and Beyoncé has stated her belief that this has helped them, while Jay-Z agreed in a People article that they do not \"play with [their] relationship\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2001–2002: Feud with Nas, The Blueprint and The Blueprint2",
"text": "For this second-degree felony, Jay-Z was sentenced to three years' probation."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2017–2018: 4:44 and Everything Is Love",
"text": "A physical edition was released on July 7, including three additional tracks."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "They made it to the top of the list the following year, with a combined total of $122 million between June 2008 and June 2009.At the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, Beyoncé revealed that she was pregnant with their first child."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "Their relationship became a matter of public record on April 22, 2008, but Beyoncé did not publicly debut her $5 million Lorraine Schwartz-designed wedding ring until the Fashion Rocks concert on September 5, 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationship with Beyoncé",
"text": "Hip-Hop Songs. On June 18, 2017, Beyoncé's father Mathew Knowles confirmed that she and Jay-Z had welcomed twins: a daughter named Rumi and a son named Sir."
}
] |
The rapper Jay-Z has three children with the singer Beyonce.
| 0 | 0 |
Jay-Z
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While he was briefly promoted to the Class AAA Louisville Colonels in 1960, he spent the entire next season with the Class AA Austin Senators."
}
] |
KHI0NQQhe6wBPfrtnctq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In addition, Phil played American Legion Baseball growing up."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While he was briefly promoted to the Class AAA Louisville Colonels in 1960, he spent the entire next season with the Class AA Austin Senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Havlicek. The baseball field on which he played at Bridgeport High School's Perkins Field athletic complex was renamed \"The Niekro Diamond\" in 2008 after both Phil and his brother, fellow major league pitcher Joe Niekro."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Phil and his younger brother Joe Niekro amassed 539 wins between them, the most combined wins by brothers in baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed \"Knucksie\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That season, Phil and Joe Niekro were NL co-leaders in wins."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1987)",
"text": "At the age of 48, Niekro was the oldest player in major league history to play regularly until Julio Franco played at age 49 in 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Niekro was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Talk about a weird assist: 2-5-3 on a strikeout.\" After the end of his professional baseball career, Niekro managed the all-women Colorado Silver Bullets baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1987)",
"text": "He set a major league record by playing 24 seasons in the major leagues without a World Series appearance."
}
] |
Phil Niekro played baseball for the Austin Senators.
| 0 | 3 |
Phil Niekro
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Antony and Cleopatra (First Folio title: The Tragedie of Anthonie, and Cleopatra) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Mark Antony—one of the triumvirs of the Roman Republic, along with Octavius and Lepidus—has neglected his soldierly duties after being beguiled by Egypt's Queen, Cleopatra."
}
] |
KHdODyQVMOntTqyhf0pf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Since Egypt has been defeated, the captive Cleopatra is placed under a guard of Roman soldiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Antony and Cleopatra (First Folio title: The Tragedie of Anthonie, and Cleopatra) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Themes and motifs | Empire | Sexuality and empire",
"text": "Antony, the Roman soldier characterised by a certain effeminacy, is the main article of conquest, falling first to Cleopatra and then to Caesar (Octavius)."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | The characterization of Rome and Egypt | Egypt from the Roman perspective",
"text": "In the beginning of the play Cleopatra calls attention to this saying"
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | The characterization of Rome and Egypt | Egypt from the Roman perspective",
"text": "The Romans view Egypt as a distraction that can send even the best men off course."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | The characterization of Rome and Egypt | Egypt from the Roman perspective",
"text": "Orientalism plays a very specific, and yet, nuanced role in the story of Antony and Cleopatra."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | The characterization of Rome and Egypt | Egypt from the Roman perspective",
"text": "This plays into the idea that Cleopatra has been made out to be an \"other\", with terms used to describe her like \"gypsy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and cultural references | Selected stage productions",
"text": "1953, Michael Redgrave played Antony and Peggy Ashcroft played Cleopatra at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Mark Antony—one of the triumvirs of the Roman Republic, along with Octavius and Lepidus—has neglected his soldierly duties after being beguiled by Egypt's Queen, Cleopatra."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and criticism | Structure: Egypt and Rome | Literary devices used to convey the differences between Rome and Egypt",
"text": "In Antony and Cleopatra, Shakespeare uses several literary techniques to convey a deeper meaning about the differences between Rome and Egypt."
}
] |
Anthony and Cleopatra was a play by Shakespeare that is about the Queen of Egypt and a Roman soldier.
| 2 | 5 |
Antony and Cleopatra
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Agamemnon was the commander-in-chief of the Greeks during the Trojan War."
}
] |
KI1MrTQ6rI8NEAHeNGtc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Greek mythology, Agamemnon (Greek: Ἀγαμέμνων, Ἀgamémnōn) was a king of Mycenae, the son, or grandson, of King Atreus and Queen Aerope of Mycenae, the brother of Menelaus, the husband of Clytemnestra and the father of Iphigenia, Electra or Laodike (Λαοδίκη), Orestes and Chrysothemis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Legends make him the king of Mycenae or Argos, thought to be different names for the same area."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Several alternatives to the human sacrifice have been presented in Greek mythology."
},
{
"section_header": "Other stories",
"text": "In works of art, there is considerable resemblance between the representations of Zeus, king of the gods, and Agamemnon, king of men."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Agamemnon was the commander-in-chief of the Greeks during the Trojan War."
},
{
"section_header": "Trojan War",
"text": "Agamemnon, having realized Achilles's importance in winning the war against the Trojan Army, sent ambassadors begging for Achilles to return, offering him riches and the hand of his daughter in marriage, but Achilles refused, only being spurred back into action when his closest friend, Patroclus, was killed in battle by Hector, eldest son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Other stories",
"text": "His tomb was pointed out among the ruins of Mycenae and at Amyclae."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During this period, Agamemnon and his brother, Menelaus, took refuge with Tyndareus, King of Sparta."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In old versions of the story, the scene of the murder, when it is specified, is usually the house of Aegisthus, who has not taken up residence in Agamemnon's palace, and it involves an ambush and the deaths of Agamemnon's followers as well (or it seems to be an ancestral home of both Agamemnon and Aegisthus since Agamemnon's wife is stated to be there as well"
},
{
"section_header": "Other stories",
"text": "He is generally depicted with a sceptre and diadem, conventional attributes of kings."
}
] |
Mythologically, the king of Mycenae Agamemnon was involved in the Trojan War.
| 0 | 0 |
Agamemnon
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (US: , UK: , American Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ɣiˈʝeɾmo aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician, who served as the 28th President of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973."
}
] |
KI2Sza8yH4REfAIAbkTb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (US: , UK: , American Spanish: [salβaˈðoɾ ɣiˈʝeɾmo aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician, who served as the 28th President of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "Foreign relations during Allende's presidency | Relationships with the Soviet Union",
"text": "Latin America was also a better region for KGB agents to get in touch with their informants from the CIA or other contacts from the United States than inside that country."
},
{
"section_header": "Coup | Death",
"text": "When in 2011 a Chilean court opened a criminal investigation into the circumstances of Allende's death, Pinochet had long since left power and Chile had meanwhile become one of the most stable democracies in the Americas according to The Economist magazine's democracy index."
},
{
"section_header": "Political involvement up to 1970",
"text": "During the Fifties, Allende introduced legislation that established the Chilean national health service, the first program in the Americas to guarantee universal health care."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "Well-known relatives of Salvador Allende include his daughter Isabel Allende Bussi (a politician) and his first cousin once removed Isabel Allende Llona (a writer)."
},
{
"section_header": "Crisis | Allende's response",
"text": "Allende wrote: \"Chilean democracy is a conquest by all of the people."
},
{
"section_header": "1970 election",
"text": "Schneider was a defender of the \"constitutionalist\" doctrine that the army's role is exclusively professional, its mission being to protect the country's sovereignty and not to interfere in politics."
},
{
"section_header": "1970 election",
"text": "Indeed, former president Jorge Alessandri had been elected in 1958 with only 31.6% of the popular vote, defeating Allende."
},
{
"section_header": "1970 election",
"text": "Allende won the 1970 Chilean presidential election as leader of the Unidad Popular (\"Popular Unity\") coalition."
}
] |
Salvador Allende was the first Marxist to be elected president in a liberal democracy in Latin America in which he served as the 28th President of Mexico.
| 0 | 0 |
Salvador Allende
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Albigensian Crusade or the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229; French: Croisade des albigeois, Occitan: Crosada dels albigeses) was a 20-year military campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, in southern France."
}
] |
KIzVJ3N9qGsz6hchqwCJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Albigensian Crusade is considered by many historians to be an act of genocide against the Cathars."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | French royal intervention",
"text": "Not wanting to storm the well-fortified walls of the town, Louis settled in for a siege."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Initial success 1209 to 1215 | Fall of Carcassonne",
"text": "Simon de Montfort, a prominent French nobleman, was then appointed leader of the Crusader army, and was granted control of the area encompassing Carcassonne, Albi, and Béziers."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Sects such as the Paulicians in Armenia, Bogomils from Bulgaria and the Balkans, Arnoldists in northern Italy, Petrobrusians in southern France, Henricans in Switzerland and France, and Waldensians of the Piedmont area on the border of France and Italy, were violently persecuted and repressed."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Influence",
"text": "As a result of the Albigensian Crusade, there were only a small number of French recruits for the Fifth and Sixth crusades."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Albigensian Crusade or the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229; French: Croisade des albigeois, Occitan: Crosada dels albigeses) was a 20-year military campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, in southern France."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Initial success 1209 to 1215 | Toulouse",
"text": "Innocent trusted Peter and was hoping to bring an end to the Albigensian Crusade in order to launch a new crusade in the Middle East and to maintain pressure on the Moors."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Albigensian Crusade had a role in the creation and institutionalization of both the Dominican Order and the Medieval Inquisition."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Genocide",
"text": "Kurt Jonassohn and Karin Solveig Björnson describe the Albigensian Crusade as \"the first ideological genocide\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Initial success 1209 to 1215 | Lastours and the castle of Cabaret",
"text": "Montfort broke free from the siege but Castelnaudary fell that December to Raymond's troops and Raymond's forces went on to liberate over thirty towns before the counter-attack ground to a halt at Lastours in the autumn."
}
] |
The Albigensian Crusade was initiated by a leader wanting to liberate Italy from the Cathars.
| 0 | 0 |
Albigensian Crusade
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He defeated the Sarmatians and Carpi during several campaigns between 285 and 299, the Alamanni in 288, and usurpers in Egypt between 297 and 298."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diocletian (; Diocletian (; Latin : Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus; born Diocles; 22 December 244 – 3 December 311) was a Roman emperor from 284 to 305."
}
] |
KJSTpAohJZUsh72WQWFG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early rule | Maximian made co-emperor",
"text": "His co-ruler had to be from outside his family, raising the question of trust."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule | Maximian made Augustus",
"text": "On his return to the East, Diocletian managed what was probably another rapid campaign against the resurgent Sarmatians."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule | Conflict with Sarmatia and Persia",
"text": "The Sarmatians requested that Diocletian either help them recover their lost lands or grant them pasturage rights within the empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His parents gave him the Greek name Diocles, or possibly Diocles Valerius."
},
{
"section_header": "Tetrarchy | Foundation of the Tetrarchy",
"text": "This arrangement is called the tetrarchy, from a Greek term meaning \"rulership by four\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Illness and abdication",
"text": "The Roman people did not give enough deference to his supreme authority; it expected him to act the part of an aristocratic ruler, not a monarchic one."
},
{
"section_header": "Tetrarchy | Conflict in the Balkans and Egypt",
"text": "The Sarmatians' defeat kept them from the Danube provinces for a long time."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Era of Martyrs (Latin: anno martyrum or AM), also known as the Diocletian era (Latin: anno Diocletiani), is a method of numbering years used by the Church of Alexandria beginning in the 4th century"
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule",
"text": "He eventually made his way to northern Italy and made an imperial government, but it is not known whether he visited the city of Rome at this time."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rule",
"text": "Nevertheless, if Diocletian ever did enter Rome shortly after his accession, he did not stay long; he is attested back in the Balkans by 2 November 285, on campaign against the Sarmatians."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He defeated the Sarmatians and Carpi during several campaigns between 285 and 299, the Alamanni in 288, and usurpers in Egypt between 297 and 298."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diocletian (; Diocletian (; Latin : Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus; born Diocles; 22 December 244 – 3 December 311) was a Roman emperor from 284 to 305."
}
] |
Greek ruler Diocletian was known for conquering the Sarmatians.
| 0 | 0 |
Diocletian
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Margaret \"Maggie\" Fitzgerald (Hilary Swank), a waitress from a Missouri town in the Ozarks, shows up in the Hit Pit, a run-down Los Angeles gym owned and operated by Frankie Dunn (Clint Eastwood), an old Irish-American, cantankerous boxing trainer."
}
] |
KJc6VmSECb76t3P1ra4v
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"Clint Eastwood's assured direction - combined with knockout performances from Hilary Swank and Morgan Freeman - help Million Dollar Baby to transcend its clichés, and the result is deeply heartfelt and moving."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Top ten lists",
"text": "Million Dollar Baby was listed on many critics' top ten lists."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Michael Medved stated: \"My main objection to Million Dollar Baby always centered on its misleading marketing, and effort by Warner Brothers to sell it as a movie about a female Rocky, with barely a hint of the pitch-dark substance that led Andrew Sarris of the New York Observer ... to declare that 'no movie in my memory has depressed me more than Million Dollar Baby.'\"In"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Million Dollar Baby was theatrically released on December 15, 2004 by Warner Bros. Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Million Dollar Baby initially had a limited release, opening in eight theaters in December 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Million Dollar Baby received the award for Best Picture of 2004 at the 77th Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun Times gave the film four stars and stated that \"Clint Eastwood's Million Dollar Baby is a masterpiece, pure and simple,\" listing it as the best film of 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Million Dollar Baby is classical in the clean, clear, strong lines of its story and characters, and had an enormous emotional impact\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Development and production",
"text": "The term 'Million Dollar Baby' was from the nose art of a World War II Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bomber."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He secures Maggie a $1 million match in Las Vegas, Nevada, against the WBA women's welterweight champion,"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Margaret \"Maggie\" Fitzgerald (Hilary Swank), a waitress from a Missouri town in the Ozarks, shows up in the Hit Pit, a run-down Los Angeles gym owned and operated by Frankie Dunn (Clint Eastwood), an old Irish-American, cantankerous boxing trainer."
}
] |
The female boxer in the film Million Dollar Baby was waiting tables before she moved to LA.
| 0 | 0 |
Million Dollar Baby
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "By the 1940s, Rice had become a poultry farmer."
}
] |
KKBu2UgxZRhgFxDUsS1N
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "They lived in Watseka, Illinois, where Rice ran the family farm, worked at several jobs in the area, and attended tryouts for various professional baseball teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "Leigh is credited with two acts which influenced Rice's subsequent career: he changed the player's name from \"Edgar\" to \"Sam\", and he convinced the Senators to let Rice play in the outfield instead of pitching."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edgar Charles \"Sam\" Rice (February 20, 1890 – October 13, 1974) was an American pitcher and outfielder in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "As the ultimate contact man with the picture-perfect swing, Rice was never a home run threat, but his speed often turned singles into doubles, and his 1920 stolen base total of 63 earned him the timely nickname \"Man o' War\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1913, he joined the United States Navy and served on the USS New Hampshire, a 16,000-ton battleship that was large enough to field a baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "The Senators held \"Sam Rice Day\" in late 1932, where the team presented him with several gifts, including a check for more than $2200 and a new Studebaker automobile."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "Rice played on that team during one season."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1914, Rice joined the Petersburg Goobers of the Virginia League as a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "He did not play in 1913. Probably wracked with grief, Rice spent the next year wandering the area and working at several jobs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "By the 1940s, Rice had become a poultry farmer."
}
] |
Sam Rice raised dairy cows professionally after his stint as a baseball man.
| 0 | 0 |
Sam Rice
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has received four Academy Award nominations, winning the Best Supporting Actor Oscar for his performance as U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard in the 1993 thriller film The Fugitive."
}
] |
KKb3ol6cEL7TAKmg6bNe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "College | College football",
"text": "Jones played guard on Harvard's undefeated 1968 football team."
},
{
"section_header": "College",
"text": "He was the roommate of future Vice President Al Gore."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "At the 2000 Democratic National Convention, he gave the nominating speech for his college roommate, Al Gore, as the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "College | College football",
"text": "He was named as a first-team All-Ivy League selection, and played in the 1968 Game."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Later years (2005–present)",
"text": "For the former, he was nominated for an Academy Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tommy Lee Jones (born September 15, 1946) is an American actor and filmmaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has received four Academy Award nominations, winning the Best Supporting Actor Oscar for his performance as U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard in the 1993 thriller film The Fugitive."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Increased exposure (1983–2004)",
"text": "His performance as Deputy U.S. Marshal Samuel Gerard in The Fugitive received broad acclaim and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and a sequel."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early acting and film (1960s–1980)",
"text": "In 1970, he landed his first film role, coincidentally playing a Harvard student in Love Story (Erich Segal, the author of Love Story, said that he based the lead character of Oliver on aspects of two undergraduate roommates he knew while on a sabbatical at Harvard, Jones and Al Gore).In"
},
{
"section_header": "College",
"text": "As an upperclassman, he stayed in Dunster House with roommates Gore and Bob Somerby, who later became editor of the media criticism site The Daily Howler."
}
] |
Although Tommy Lee Jones has received five Academy Award nominations, he played guard on Harvard's undefeated 1968 football team, and was even the roommate of future Vice President Al Gore.
| 0 | 0 |
Tommy Lee Jones
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Second unit director and supervising stunt coordinator Guy Norris was in charge of over 150 stunt performers, which included Cirque du Soleil performers and Olympic athletes."
}
] |
KL4cfaWhPbSFzDgbTtAY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "Some critics have named Mad Max: Fury Road one of the greatest action films ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road is a 2015 Australian post-apocalyptic action film co-written, co-produced, and directed by George Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Prequel comics",
"text": "The third, Mad Max: Fury Road –"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite this, the film was praised for its screenplay, Miller's direction, action sequences, score, cinematography, editing, costume design, visuals, and the performances of the cast (particularly Hardy and Theron), while also being ranked by many critics as the best film of 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Prequel comics",
"text": "The final issue, Mad Max: Fury Road – Mad Max #2, was released on 5 August."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road contains 2,000 visual effects shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road became a moderate box office success theatrically."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Top ten lists",
"text": "Mad Max: Fury Road was listed on many critics' top ten lists."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In July 2010, Miller announced plans to shoot two Mad Max films back-to-back, entitled Mad Max: Fury Road and Mad Max: Furiosa."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"With exhilarating action and a surprising amount of narrative heft, Mad Max: Fury Road brings George Miller's post-apocalyptic franchise roaring vigorously back to life."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Second unit director and supervising stunt coordinator Guy Norris was in charge of over 150 stunt performers, which included Cirque du Soleil performers and Olympic athletes."
}
] |
Circus performers were part of Mad Max: Fury Road action sequences.
| 2 | 5 |
Mad Max: Fury Road
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the third of his three detective stories featuring the fictional C. Auguste Dupin, the other two being \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" and \"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\"."
}
] |
KLZLd62UtxwjkRu8ShCb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "These stories are considered to be important early forerunners of the modern detective story."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Purloined Letter\" is a short story by American author Edgar Allan Poe."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the third of his three detective stories featuring the fictional C. Auguste Dupin, the other two being \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" and \"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Dupin is not a professional detective."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "\"The Purloined Letter\" completes Dupin's tour of different settings."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "In \"The Purloined Letter\", however, Dupin undertakes the case for financial gain and personal revenge."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "He is not motivated by pursuing truth, emphasized by the lack of information about the contents of the purloined letter."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He explains that D— knew the police detectives would have assumed that the blackmailer would have concealed the letter in an elaborate hiding place, and thus hid it in plain sight."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "So femininity exists as an 'effect' of the delusion of possession of a lack otherwise displaced (as a masculine effect?) by the endless purloining of the letter."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The prefect says that he and his police detectives have searched D-'s town house and have found nothing."
}
] |
The Purloined Letter is a detective story.
| 0 | 0 |
The Purloined Letter
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Importance | In popular culture",
"text": "According to the building's official website, more than 250 movies contain depictions of the Empire State Building."
}
] |
KLdUiWrEhGGqyAEZtCWK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | In popular culture",
"text": "According to the building's official website, more than 250 movies contain depictions of the Empire State Building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Planning process | Design changes",
"text": "40 Wall Street (then the Bank of Manhattan Building) and the Chrysler Building in Manhattan both vied for this distinction and were already under construction when work began on the Empire State Building."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years | Other events",
"text": "The idea, however, was impractical and dangerous due to powerful updrafts caused by the building itself, the wind currents across Manhattan, and the spires of nearby skyscrapers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "The movie, which depicted a large stop motion ape named Kong climbing the Empire State Building, made the still-new building into a cinematic icon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Empire State Building is an American cultural icon: it has been featured in more than 250 TV shows and movies since the film King Kong was released in 1933."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1929, Empire State Inc. acquired the site and devised plans for a skyscraper there."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Site",
"text": "In 1799, John Thompson (or Thomson; accounts vary) bought a 20-acre (8 ha) tract of land roughly bounded by present-day Madison Avenue, 36th Street, Sixth Avenue, and 33rd Street, immediately north of the Caspar Samler farm."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The Empire State Building is located on the west side of Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, between 33rd Street to the south and 34th Street to the north."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Empire State Building stood as the world's tallest building until the construction of the World Trade Center in 1970; following its collapse in the September 11, 2001 attacks, the Empire State Building was again the city's tallest skyscraper until 2012."
}
] |
The Empire State Building is a skyscraper and has been in a varies movies in the Manhattan borough.
| 0 | 3 |
Empire State Building
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Films",
"text": "The 1961 film adaptation of the musical received praise from critics and the public, and became the second-highest-grossing film of the year in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Films",
"text": "A 2020 film adaptation, written by Tony Kushner, directed by Steven Spielberg and choreographed by Justin Peck, was filmed in 2019."
}
] |
KLkjLdkVg4gMiQA1kuak
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "References in popular culture",
"text": "The 2005 short musical comedy film West Bank Story, which won the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film, concerns a love story between a Jew and a Palestinian and parodies several aspects of West Side Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings",
"text": "In 1962, Dave Brubeck recorded jazz versions of selections from the film score on Music From West Side Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings",
"text": "The recording process was filmed as a documentary, The Making of West Side Story, by the BBC for Unitel, produced by Humphrey Burton and directed by Christopher Swann."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Collaboration and development",
"text": "There he met Sondheim, who had heard that East Side Story, now retitled West Side Story, was back on track."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings",
"text": "In 1962, Oscar Peterson and his trio recorded a jazz version, West Side Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Production period",
"text": "It has been rumored that while Bernstein was off trying to fix the musical Candide, Sondheim wrote some of the music for West Side Story, and that Bernstein's co-lyricist billing mysteriously disappeared from the credits of West Side Story during the tryout, presumably as a trade-off."
},
{
"section_header": "Films",
"text": "Kushner reportedly kept the story closer to the original Broadway musical than the 1961 film, stating that \"[T]here are aspects of urban life in '57, '58, '59 that weren't touched on in the 1961 movie that we are focusing on."
},
{
"section_header": "Films",
"text": "A 2020 film adaptation, written by Tony Kushner, directed by Steven Spielberg and choreographed by Justin Peck, was filmed in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "West Side Story is a musical with a book by Arthur Laurents, music by Leonard Bernstein and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Collaboration and development",
"text": "Bernstein composed West Side Story and Candide concurrently, which led to some switches of material between the two works."
},
{
"section_header": "Films",
"text": "The 1961 film adaptation of the musical received praise from critics and the public, and became the second-highest-grossing film of the year in the United States."
}
] |
West Side Story was turned into a film in 1967.
| 2 | 4 |
West Side Story
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "The twist ending, however, is a sign of \"bad faith\" on Poe's part because readers would not reasonably include an orangutan on their list of potential murderers."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "\" Modern readers are occasionally put off by Poe's violation of an implicit narrative convention: readers should be able to guess the solution as they read."
}
] |
KM0LTqkios36oR1DYuP8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe published in Graham's Magazine in 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "In 1843, Poe had the idea to print a series of pamphlets with his stories entitled The Prose Romances of Edgar A. Poe."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The story was adapted in a short silent film made in 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "Poe's role in the creation of the detective story is reflected in the Edgar Awards, given annually by the Mystery Writers of America."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "The twist ending, however, is a sign of \"bad faith\" on Poe's part because readers would not reasonably include an orangutan on their list of potential murderers."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Morgue Street is a 2012 short film directed by Alberto Viavattene starring Federica Tommasi and Désirée Giorgetti."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "This version included 52 changes from the original text from Graham's, including the new line: \"The Prefect is somewhat too cunning to be profound\", a change from the original \"too cunning to be acute\". \" The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" was also reprinted in Wiley & Putnam's collection of Poe's stories simply called Tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A film in 1971 directed by Gordon Hessler with the title Murders in the Rue Morgue had little to do with the Poe story."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspiration",
"text": "Poe would likely have known the story, which features an analytical man who discovers a murderer, though the two plots share little resemblance."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis",
"text": "Poe scholar Arthur Hobson Quinn speculates that later detective stories might have set up M. Le Bon, the suspect who is arrested, as appearing guilty as a red herring, though Poe chose not to."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "\" Modern readers are occasionally put off by Poe's violation of an implicit narrative convention: readers should be able to guess the solution as they read."
}
] |
The ending of this short story by Edgar Allen Poe is somewhat controversial.
| 1 | 2 |
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gordon Stanley \"Mickey\" Cochrane (April 6, 1903 – June 28, 1962), nicknamed \"Black Mike\", was an American professional baseball player, manager and coach."
}
] |
KM3Mr08mLU3HiQmnjsKv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "Cochrane was educated at Boston University, where he played five sports, excelling at football and basketball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cochrane was born in Massachusetts and was a multi-sport athlete at Boston University."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "Although Cochrane considered himself a better football player than a baseball player, professional football was not as established as Major League Baseball at the time, so he signed with the Portland Beavers of the Pacific Coast League in 1924.After just one season in the minor leagues, Cochrane was promoted to the major leagues, making his debut with the Philadelphia Athletics on April 14, 1925 at the age of 22."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gordon Stanley \"Mickey\" Cochrane (April 6, 1903 – June 28, 1962), nicknamed \"Black Mike\", was an American professional baseball player, manager and coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Yankee Hall of Fame slugger Mickey Mantle was named after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After college, he chose baseball over basketball and football."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "A deal to send Cochrane to Detroit was quickly arranged, and Navin immediately named him player-manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, The Sporting News ranked him 65th on its list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was chosen as the American League (AL) Most Valuable Player in 1928 and he appeared in the World Series from 1929 to 1931."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Navin had originally hoped to acquire Babe Ruth and name him player-manager, but after those talks fizzled, he turned to the A's."
}
] |
Mickey Cochrane was know as "White Lightning" and was a football player at Boston University.
| 2 | 5 |
Mickey Cochrane
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1529, Pizarro obtained permission from the Spanish crown to lead a campaign to conquer Peru and went on his third, and successful, expedition."
}
] |
KMB5YxYpH7yOPWdu3m0Y
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Second expedition (1526) | The Famous Thirteen",
"text": "Pizarro, meanwhile, continued receiving the same accounts of a powerful monarch who ruled over the land they were exploring."
},
{
"section_header": "Pizarro's death",
"text": "However, in 1977, men working on the cathedral's foundation discovered a lead box in a sealed niche, which bore the inscription \" Here is the head of Don Francisco Pizarro Demarkes, Don Francisco Pizarro who discovered Peru and presented it to the crown of Castile."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Capitulación de Toledo",
"text": "Francisco de Orellana joined the group and would later discover and explore the length of the Amazon River."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Atahualpa agreed to meet Pizarro in his Cajamarca plaza fortress the next day."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "As Tumbes no longer afforded safe accommodations, Pizarro led an excursion into the interior in May 1532 and established the first Spanish settlement in Peru, San Miguel de Piura, and a repartimiento."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "After a week, he returned with an envoy from the Inca himself, with presents and an invitation to visit the Inca ruler's camp."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro González (; Spanish: [fɾanˈθisko piˈθaro]; c. 1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Pizarro's death",
"text": "\" A team of forensic scientists from the United States, led by William R. Maples, was invited to examine the two bodies and they soon determined that the body which had been honored in the glass case for nearly a century had been incorrectly identified."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Second expedition (1526)",
"text": "Here, they found a large native population recently brought under Inca rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1529, Pizarro obtained permission from the Spanish crown to lead a campaign to conquer Peru and went on his third, and successful, expedition."
}
] |
Francisco Pizarro's exploration of South America led to Spain's rule over present day Peru.
| 0 | 0 |
Francisco Pizarro
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Political career | First Senate term",
"text": "In 1998, Senate Minority Whip Wendell Ford decided to retire after 24 years in the Senate—at the time, the longest term in Kentucky history (a record later surpassed by Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the United States Senate from Kentucky in 1998 and served two terms as the Republican junior U.S. Senator."
}
] |
KN6ELfxJu5oAqXv7bLKb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Political career | Local and state positions",
"text": "Bunning was the Republican candidate for Governor of Kentucky in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Local and state positions",
"text": "First elected to office in 1977, Bunning served two years on the city council of Fort Thomas, Kentucky before running for and winning a seat in the Kentucky Senate as a Republican."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the United States Senate from Kentucky in 1998 and served two terms as the Republican junior U.S. Senator."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | First Senate term",
"text": "In 1998, Senate Minority Whip Wendell Ford decided to retire after 24 years in the Senate—at the time, the longest term in Kentucky history (a record later surpassed by Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell)."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | House of Representatives",
"text": "He won easily in November and was reelected five more times without serious opposition in what was considered the most Republican district in Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After retiring from baseball, Bunning returned to his native northern Kentucky and was elected to the Fort Thomas city council, then the Kentucky Senate, in which he served as minority leader."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Aborted 2010 re-election campaign",
"text": "By comparison, all other Republican senators facing competitive 2010 races had at least $850,000 at that point."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bunning gave his farewell speech to the Senate on December 9, 2010, and was succeeded by fellow Republican Rand Paul on January 3, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Education and family",
"text": "Bunning was born in Southgate, Kentucky, the son of Gladys (née Best) and Louis Aloysius Bunning."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | First Senate term",
"text": "Bunning won the Republican nomination for the seat, and faced fellow Congressman Scotty Baesler, a Democrat from the Lexington-based 6th District, in the general election."
}
] |
Bunning was a senator for the Republican party from Kentucky.
| 2 | 4 |
Jim Bunning
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "More recently, the book has been recognized as \"Most Important 20th-Century Novel (for Older Readers)\" in the Children's Books of the Century poll in Books for Keeps."
}
] |
KNBokZbNyWYwYVWANWyv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Hobbit, or There and Back Again is a children's fantasy novel by English author J. R. R. Tolkien."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "More recently, the book has been recognized as \"Most Important 20th-Century Novel (for Older Readers)\" in the Children's Books of the Century poll in Books for Keeps."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre",
"text": "The book is popularly called (and often marketed as) a fantasy novel, but like Peter Pan and Wendy by J. M. Barrie and The Princess and the Goblin by George MacDonald, both of which influenced Tolkien and contain fantasy elements, it is primarily identified as being children's literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "W. H. Auden, in his review of the sequel The Fellowship of the Ring calls The Hobbit \"one of the best children's stories of this century\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre",
"text": "Both are key elements of works intended for children, as is the \"home-away-home\" (or there and back again) plot structure typical of the Bildungsroman."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre",
"text": "Jane Chance, however, considers the book to be a children's novel only in the sense that it appeals to the child in an adult reader."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre",
"text": "The Hobbit has been called \"the most popular of all twentieth-century fantasies written for children\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept and creation | Influences",
"text": "Incidents in both The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings are similar in narrative and style to the novel, and its overall style and imagery have been suggested as having had an influence on Tolkien."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept and creation | Influences",
"text": "One of the greatest influences on Tolkien was the 19th-century Arts and Crafts polymath William Morris."
},
{
"section_header": "Concept and creation | Publication | Revisions",
"text": "However, because of its common denotation of a garden gnome, derived from the 16th-century Paracelsus, Tolkien abandoned the term."
}
] |
The Hobbit, or There and Back Again, is a children's novel by J. R. R. Tolkien and has been identified as quite important in this century.
| 0 | 0 |
The Hobbit
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "She remains the only woman to occupy the Office of the Prime Minister of India."
}
] |
KNzkQXgpA4lmXoy5AS6f
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "First term as Prime Minister between 1966 and 1977 | 1971–1977 | Verdict on electoral malpractice",
"text": "\" Mrs Gandhi has still today overwhelming support in the country,\" he said."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, Indira Gandhi was named \"Woman of the Millennium\" in an online poll organised by the BBC."
},
{
"section_header": "Assassination",
"text": "She was declared dead at 2:20 PM."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "She remains the only woman to occupy the Office of the Prime Minister of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Family, personal life and outlook",
"text": "To the rural and urban poor, untouchables, minorities and women in India, Gandhi was \"Indira Amma or Mother Indira.\" She married Feroze Gandhi at the age of 25, in 1942."
},
{
"section_header": "Views on women",
"text": "Even though men surrounded Gandhi during her upbringing, she still had a female role model as a child."
},
{
"section_header": "1977 election and opposition years | In opposition and return to power",
"text": "or \"that woman\" as some called her)."
},
{
"section_header": "Assassination",
"text": "The site where she was cremated is known today as Shakti Sthal."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "In the 1950s, Indira, now Mrs. Indira Gandhi after her marriage, served her father unofficially as a personal assistant during his tenure as the first prime minister of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of India."
}
] |
Indira Gandhi was and still to today the 1st and only Woman PM of India.
| 0 | 0 |
Indira Gandhi
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He served on active duty from October 1945 until spring 1947."
}
] |
KO1iVE92HQNtbi6jfedb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He then missed the 1946 and 1947 seasons because of a stint in the United States Army."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodger executive",
"text": "Tommy Lasorda was named Vice-President of the Dodgers upon his retirement from managing in 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "The Dodgers retired his uniform number (2) on August 15, 1997 and renamed a street in Dodgertown as \"Tommy Lasorda Lane\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | 2001 All-Star Game",
"text": "While at the plate, Vladimir Guerrero lost his bat while swinging, and it flew towards Lasorda, causing him to fall backwards, but Tommy was unharmed."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He made his only start for the Dodgers on May 5, 1955 but was removed after the first inning after tying a Major League record with three wild pitches in one inning and being spiked by Wally Moon of the St. Louis Cardinals."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He served on active duty from October 1945 until spring 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Dodgers' third-base coach",
"text": "In 1973, Lasorda became the third-base coach on the staff of Hall of Fame manager Walter Alston, serving for almost four seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial record | Public persona",
"text": "In June 2005, President George W. Bush asked Lasorda to serve as a delegate to the U.S. National Day at the World Exposition in Aichi, Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "On May 31, 1948, he struck out 25 Amsterdam Rugmakers in a 15-inning game, setting a professional record (since broken), and drove in the winning run with a single."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial record | Public persona",
"text": "Lasorda and Lasorda Foods President Steven Fox, who together owned a majority of Lasorda Foods' stock, were paid in Modami shares."
}
] |
Tommy Lasorda did not serve in the army.
| 0 | 0 |
Tommy Lasorda
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 1998: The company was founded as Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd selling magneto-optical in Beijing, China."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "May 2018: Metcash partnered with JD.Com to sell groceries in China."
}
] |
KOvvlHbPQJEGOzc3TihU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It started as an online magneto-optical store, but soon diversified, selling electronics, mobile phones, computers and similar items."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 1998: The company was founded as Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd selling magneto-optical in Beijing, China."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "May 2018: Metcash partnered with JD.Com to sell groceries in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is partly owned by Tencent, which has a 20% stake in the company."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "As a result, JD.com launched the second promotion to sell books at a lower price than Dangdang that afternoon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company changed its domain name to 360buy.com in June 2007 and then to JD.com in 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "May 2019: company partners with Jiangsu Xinning Modern Logistics in order to automate its logistic services."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company was founded by Liu Qiangdong on June 18, 1998, and its retail platform went online in 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "June 2007: began using the domain name 360buy.com, and the company name was changed to Jingdong Mall."
},
{
"section_header": "Price war with Dangdang | Price war in physical books",
"text": "In November 2011, the second stage of the competition was triggered by Suning.com, a B2C shopping platform, announcing they would expand their business to include book selling."
}
] |
JD.com is a Korean manufacturing company that sells cell phones.
| 3 | 4 |
JD.com
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the 19th century, the cathedral was the site of the coronation of Napoleon I and the funerals of many Presidents of the French Republic."
}
] |
KPh5B4OSNFKUsXcj80Rr
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | French Revolution and Napoleon",
"text": "Napoleon also named Paris's new bishop, Jean-Baptiste de Belloy, who restored the cathedral's interior."
},
{
"section_header": "History | French Revolution and Napoleon",
"text": "The twenty-eight statues of biblical kings located at the west façade, mistaken for statues of French kings, were beheaded."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Restoration",
"text": "After the Napoleonic Wars, Notre-Dame was in such a state of disrepair that Paris officials considered its demolition."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century | 2019 fire",
"text": "The decoration was rescued from Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral after the fire."
},
{
"section_header": "History | French Revolution and Napoleon",
"text": "With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon Bonaparte restored Notre-Dame to the Catholic Church, though this was only finalized on 18 April 1802."
},
{
"section_header": "Towers and the spire",
"text": "The rooster weathervane atop the spire contained three relics: a tiny piece from the Crown of Thorns in the cathedral treasury, and relics of Saint Denis and Saint Genevieve, patron saints of Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Notre-Dame de Paris (French: [nɔtʁə dam də paʁi] (listen) ; meaning \"Our Lady of Paris\"), referred to simply as Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité in the 4th arrondissement of Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "History | French Revolution and Napoleon",
"text": "Charles Percier and Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine made quasi-Gothic modifications to Notre-Dame for the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French within the cathedral."
},
{
"section_header": "History | French Revolution and Napoleon",
"text": "Many of the heads were found during a 1977 excavation nearby, and are on display at the Musée de Cluny."
},
{
"section_header": "Bells",
"text": "It is named after Maurice de Sully, the bishop of Paris who laid the first stone for the construction of the cathedral."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the 19th century, the cathedral was the site of the coronation of Napoleon I and the funerals of many Presidents of the French Republic."
}
] |
Notre-Dame de Paris was the location of the crowning of Napoleon.
| 0 | 0 |
Notre-Dame de Paris
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They have an older half-brother, John, and a younger sister, Margaret, 13."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of the Dashwood sisters, Elinor (age 19) and Marianne (age 16 1/2) as they come of age."
}
] |
KPirAZZNXu0q1f5haWdS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical views",
"text": "The article also differs from other reviews in that it claims that the \"prevailing merit\" of the book is not in its sketch of the two sisters; rather, the book is effective because of its \"excellent treatment of the subordinate characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of the Dashwood sisters, Elinor (age 19) and Marianne (age 16 1/2) as they come of age."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The two couples live as neighbours, with both sisters and husbands in harmony with each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "having gradually come to love him."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Main characters",
"text": "She decides her conduct should be more like that of her elder sister, Elinor. Edward Ferrars – the elder of Fanny Dashwood's two brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "By changing the title, Austen added \"philosophical depth\" to what began as a sketch of two characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical views",
"text": "Ruoff's first two chapters deal extensively with the subject of wills and the discourse of inheritance."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "Elinor is described as a character with great \"sense\" (although Marianne, too, is described as having sense), and Marianne is identified as having a great deal of \"sensibility\" (although Elinor, too, feels deeply, without expressing it as openly)."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical views",
"text": "In the chapter \"Sense and Sensibility: Opinions Too Common and Too Dangerous\" from her book Jane"
},
{
"section_header": "Critical views",
"text": "Gene Ruoff's book Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility explores these issues in a book-length discussion of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They have an older half-brother, John, and a younger sister, Margaret, 13."
}
] |
Sense and Sensibility is a book about two sisters coming of age and they have two siblings.
| 3 | 8 |
Sense and Sensibility
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda is the oldest known Vedic Sanskrit text."
}
] |
KPtvREuGmsDVK6iaPnlY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेदः ṛgvedaḥ, from ṛc \"praise\" and veda \"knowledge\") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rigveda is the oldest known Vedic Sanskrit text."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Hymns",
"text": "The hymns of the Rigveda are in different poetic metres in Vedic Sanskrit."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentaries and Translations | Western and other Authors | Significance",
"text": "The text is a highly stylized poetical Vedic Sanskrit with praise addressed to the Vedic gods and chieftains."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Collection and organisation",
"text": "This redaction also included some additions (contradicting the strict ordering scheme) and orthoepic changes to the Vedic Sanskrit such as the regularization of sandhi (termed orthoepische Diaskeuase by Oldenberg, 1888)."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Recensions",
"text": "Several shakhas (\"branches\", i. e. recensions) of Rig Veda are known to have existed in the past."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentaries and Translations | Western and other Authors | Historical and societal context",
"text": "However, about 300 words in the Rigveda are neither Indo-Aryan nor Indo-European, states the Sanskrit and Vedic literature scholar Frits Staal."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentaries and Translations | Indian Authors",
"text": "Sayana a Sanskrit scholar of 14th century provided a commentary on the complete text of Rigveda in his book Rigveda Samhita."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentaries and Translations | Indian Authors",
"text": "Sri Aurobindo finds Sayana's interpretation to be ritualistic in nature and having often inconsistent interpretation of Vedic terms and trying to fit the meaning to a narrow mold, he finds that if sayana's interepretation were to be accepted it would seem to believe that Rig veda to be a unquestioning tradition of faith starting from an original error."
},
{
"section_header": "Text | Manuscripts | Versions",
"text": "The oldest of the Pune collection is dated to 1464."
}
] |
Rig Veda is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns, and is the oldest known Vedic Sanskrit text.
| 0 | 0 |
Rig Veda
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Various family crises, including bankruptcy, Mr Tulliver's rancorous relationship with Philip Wakem's father, which results in the loss of the mill and Mr Tulliver's untimely death, intensify Tom's and Maggie's differences and highlight their love for each other."
}
] |
KPzDa6LGBuYrcns6urGm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "film Delhi Belly, one of the protagonists makes a sarcastic reference to \"Mill on the floss\" when he finds his friends in completely different appearances and surreal whimsical situations."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Their relationship is coloured by Maggie's desire to recapture the unconditional love of her father before his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Various family crises, including bankruptcy, Mr Tulliver's rancorous relationship with Philip Wakem's father, which results in the loss of the mill and Mr Tulliver's untimely death, intensify Tom's and Maggie's differences and highlight their love for each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Spanning a period of 10 to 15 years, the novel details the lives of Tom and Maggie Tulliver, siblings who grow up at Dorlcote Mill on the River Floss."
},
{
"section_header": "Locations",
"text": "Dorlcote Mill – the Tulliver family home for a century"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Jeremy Tulliver – Maggie and Tom's father, owner of the Mill until a lengthy lawsuit leaves him in dire financial straits."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Having struggled through the waters in a boat to find Tom at the old mill, she sets out with him to rescue Lucy Deane and her family."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Critics have asserted that Maggie's need for love and acceptance is her underlying motivation throughout The Mill on the Floss, claiming that the conflicts that arise in the novel invariably stem from her frustrated attempts at gaining this acceptance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Mill on the Floss is a novel by George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans), first published in three volumes in 1860 by William Blackwood."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Eliot, George. The Mill on the Floss."
}
] |
The Mill on the Floss is a novel about the Tulliver family, specifically Maggie dealing with the death of her father and trying to find her place in the world and in love.
| 2 | 7 |
The Mill on the Floss
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot accuracy",
"text": "Ruby Keeler refused to allow her name to be used, so the writers used an alias, \"Julie Benson\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot accuracy",
"text": "Some of the plot details were fictionalized."
}
] |
KQ0H8nq3Y7ovvNUHTqCA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The character Julie Benson is modeled on his real-life wife Ruby Keeler)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stars Larry Parks as Jolson, Evelyn Keyes as Julie Benson (approximating Jolson's wife, Ruby Keeler), William Demarest as his manager, Ludwig Donath and Tamara Shayne as his parents, and Scotty Beckett as the young Jolson."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "She walks out of the picture, and out of his life, leaving Al to his first love: singing."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Jolson Story is a 1946 American Technicolor musical biography film which purports to tell the life story of singer Al Jolson."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Al persuades her to continue with it."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Al agrees, but insists on choosing his own material."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "It is love at first sight for Al, and only a few hours after meeting her, he proposes to her. (Al Jolson was actually married four times."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Baron invites Al to join his Broadway show."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Asa changes his mind, and his name: he begins to perform as Al Jolson."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dockstader realizes that it was really Al who was on stage, and hires him to join his minstrel show."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot accuracy",
"text": "Ruby Keeler refused to allow her name to be used, so the writers used an alias, \"Julie Benson\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot accuracy",
"text": "Some of the plot details were fictionalized."
}
] |
Al Jolson's wife contributed to the screenplay that was a semi-biographical recounting of his life.
| 0 | 0 |
The Jolson Story
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Pacino began smoking and drinking at age nine, and used marijuana casually at age 13, but he abstained from hard drugs."
}
] |
KQ9SRax51M6sfNoegK90
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His parents divorced when he was two years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Pacino had a ten-year relationship with Argentine actress Lucila Polak from 2008 to 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Pacino began smoking and drinking at age nine, and used marijuana casually at age 13, but he abstained from hard drugs."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | 1980s",
"text": "Pacino earned a Golden Globe nomination for his role as Cuban drug lord Tony Montana."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | 2000s",
"text": "Desson Thomson wrote in The Washington Post, \"Al Pacino has played the mentor"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Keaton said of Pacino, \"Al was simply the most entertaining man... To me, that's, that is the most beautiful face."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | 2010s",
"text": "In February 2012, Barack Obama awarded Al Pacino the National Medal of Arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His two closest friends died from drug abuse at the ages of 19 and 30."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | 2000s",
"text": "As a result, Electronic Arts was not permitted to use Pacino's likeness or voice in the game, although his character does appear in it."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In his teenage years, Pacino was known as \"Sonny\" to his friends."
}
] |
Al Pacino started using alcohol and drugs when he was less than ten years old.
| 2 | 5 |
Al Pacino
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "Austin, Fort Worth, and El Paso are among the 20 largest U.S. cities."
}
] |
KQI4oapRrn2Gz0PSdzON
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "While Houston is the largest city in Texas and the fourth-largest city in the United States, the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area is larger than Houston."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "Austin, Fort Worth, and El Paso are among the 20 largest U.S. cities."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "Texas has the largest number of people of all states, living in colonias."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Transportation | Airports",
"text": "American Airlines Group's American / American Eagle, the world's largest airline in total passengers-miles transported and passenger fleet size, uses DFW as its largest and main hub."
},
{
"section_header": "Healthcare",
"text": "Texas had only one city (Austin, ranked 21st) in the top 25 among the \"fittest cities\" in America."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Texas self-perception",
"text": "Texas was the largest U.S. state, until Alaska became a state in 1959."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "Hidalgo County, as of 2011, has the largest number of colonias."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "If Texas were a sovereign state, it would be the 10th largest economy in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Cities, towns, and metropolitan areas",
"text": "The region of 60,000 square miles (160,000 km2) contains most of the state's largest cities and metropolitan areas as well as 17 million people, nearly 75 percent of Texas's total population."
}
] |
Texas is the largest contiguous state in the US and has 5 of the largest cities in America.
| 0 | 0 |
Texas
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The empire ended with the fall of Angkor in the 15th century."
}
] |
KQMC6LwlHfTL0ZdqRc60
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "Finally, the empire fell, marked by the abandonment of Angkor for Phnom Penh in 1431, caused by Siamese pressure."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Rooney, Dawn F. (2005). Angkor: Cambodia's wondrous khmer temples (5th ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline",
"text": "By the 14th century, the Khmer empire suffered a long, arduous, and steady decline."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline | Angkor after the 15th century",
"text": "Inscriptions from the 17th century testify to Japanese settlements alongside those of the remaining Khmer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The empire ended with the fall of Angkor in the 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: The Khmer Empire (; Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ Anachak Khmer), also known as the Angkor Empire (Khmer: អាណាចក្រអង្គរ: Anachak Angkor), the predecessor state to modern Cambodia (\"Kampuchea\" or \"Srok Khmer\" to the Khmer people), was a Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation and growth | Yasodharapura – the first city of Angkor",
"text": "The war ended with a victory for the Chola dynasty and of the Khmer Empire, and major losses for the Srivijaya Empire and the Tambralinga kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "The King of Java ordered the Minister of Khmer Empire to seek the successor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Golden age of Khmer Civilization | Suryavarman II – Angkor Wat",
"text": "The 12th century was a time of conflict and brutal power struggles."
},
{
"section_header": "Relations with regional powers",
"text": "During the formation of the empire, the Khmer had close cultural, political, and trade relations with Java and with the Srivijaya empire that lay beyond Khmer's southern seas."
}
] |
The Khmer Empire fell in the 5th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Khmer Empire
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "After a little girl named Fern Arable pleads for the life of the runt of a litter of piglets, her father gives her the pig to nurture, and she names him Wilbur."
}
] |
KQVLC6A1Fu5AMZsrzLp6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Death",
"text": "Death is a major theme seen throughout Charlotte's Web and is brought forth by that of the spider, Charlotte's web."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He is befriended by a barn spider named Charlotte, whose web sits in a doorway overlooking Wilbur's enclosure."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Charlotte's Web was generally well-reviewed when it was released."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "White incorporated details from Comstock's accounts of baby spiders, most notably the \"flight\" of the young spiders on silken parachutes."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Williams’ initial drawings depicted a spider with a woman’s face, and White suggested that he simply draw a realistic spider instead."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Change",
"text": "For Norton D. Kinghorn, Charlotte's web also acts as a signifier of change."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Charlotte's Web was published three years after White began writing it."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Charlotte A. Cavatica, or simply Charlotte, is a spider who befriends Wilbur."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Further generations of spiders keep Wilbur company in subsequent years."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Charlotte's Web was released on October 15, 1952.Since White published Death of a Pig in 1948, an account of his own failure to save a sick pig (bought for butchering), Charlotte's Web can be seen as White's attempt \"to save his pig in retrospect\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "After a little girl named Fern Arable pleads for the life of the runt of a litter of piglets, her father gives her the pig to nurture, and she names him Wilbur."
}
] |
Charlotte's Web is about a spider building its web which gets destroyed by rain and then the spider has to rebuild it.
| 1 | 3 |
Charlotte's Web
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His career began in 1995, at the age of 12, when he was signed by Birdman and joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label."
}
] |
KQe8kZ46nE4eE1iPeLey
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For many years, Lil Wayne was the flagship artist of Cash Money Records, before ending his association with the company in June 2018.Lil Wayne's solo debut album"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His career began in 1995, at the age of 12, when he was signed by Birdman and joined Cash Money Records as the youngest member of the label."
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Pusha T",
"text": "However, once the feud between Lil Wayne and Birdman arose, Pusha T sent out a tweet encouraging Lil Wayne to sign to G.O.O.D. Music, which also insulted Birdman for his hand-rubbing habit."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–13: I Am Not a Human Being series and Tha Carter IV",
"text": "Tha Carter IV was later delayed into 2011, after Lil Wayne began recording from scratch after his release from prison."
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Juvenile",
"text": "The two eventually reconciled once again, and Juvenile re-signed with Cash Money Records in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His mother and stepfather later disallowed him from continuing to record with Cash Money as his grades in school were falling and they worried that Birdman and his associates were bad influences, but he eventually persuaded them to let him return and he was again doing so by 1997; by this time he was recording as Lil Wayne."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health issues",
"text": "Lil Wayne was transferred to a local hospital upon arrival."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lil Wayne gained more prominence with his sixth album Tha Carter III (2008), which became his most successful album to date, with first-week sales of over one million copies in the US."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He also recorded his first ever collaboration album True Story with rapper B.G.."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dwayne Michael Carter Jr. (born September 27, 1982), better known by his stage name Lil Wayne, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, record executive, entrepreneur, and actor."
}
] |
Lil Wayne was only 12 when he was first signed by a record company.
| 1 | 4 |
Lil Wayne
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In addition to consumer electronics of which it had been the world's largest maker in the late 20th century, Panasonic offers a wide range of products and services, including rechargable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, and even home renovation and construction."
}
] |
KQfFnewqvheY9cdi5ObM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Current operations | Panasonic Europe",
"text": "In 2012, Panasonic had around a 10 per cent share of the consumer electronics market in Europe, ranking third behind Samsung Electronics (with 26 per cent) and LG Electronics (with 12 per cent).Panasonic operates a chain of stores in the United Kingdom and Ireland called \"Panasonic Store\" which exclusively sell Panasonic products."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand names",
"text": "In September 2013, the company announced a revision of the decade-old tagline to better illustrate the company vision: \"A Better Life, A Better World."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In addition to consumer electronics of which it had been the world's largest maker in the late 20th century, Panasonic offers a wide range of products and services, including rechargable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, and even home renovation and construction."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "During World War II the company operated factories in Japan and other parts of Asia which produced electrical components and appliances such as light fixtures, motors, electric irons, wireless equipment and its first vacuum tubes."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "Matsushita's brother-in-law, Toshio Iue, founded Sanyo as a subcontractor for components after World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Current operations | Panasonic Europe",
"text": "Volume production commenced in January 2011.In May 2015, Panasonic launched its virtual solar service to UK consumers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ltd. (松下電器産業株式会社, Matsushita Denki Sangyō Kabushiki-gaisha), founded in 1918 as a lightbulb socket manufacturer, is a major Japanese multinational electronics company, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka."
},
{
"section_header": "Current operations | Panasonic Europe",
"text": "In November 2010, Panasonic Electric Works established Panasonic Electric Works Vossloh-Schwabe Serbia d.o.o, a new company in Svilajnac, Serbia, to manufacture energy-efficient electronic devices (ballasts) for lighting fixtures."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "It had gotten strengthened by VHS, the de facto standard of consumer videotape that Matsushita and JVC co-introduced."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "In 1998, Matsushita sold Anam National to Anam Electronics."
}
] |
Panasonic is the biggest company of consumer electronics in the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Panasonic
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This battle is notable for the use of the English longbow in very large numbers, with the English and Welsh archers comprising nearly 80 percent of Henry's army."
}
] |
KQjHxD98mTV2B5jXrkvy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Setting | English deployment",
"text": "Henry made a speech emphasising the justness of his cause, and reminding his army of previous great defeats the kings of England had inflicted on the French."
},
{
"section_header": "Fighting | Main French assault",
"text": "When the archers ran out of arrows, they dropped their bows and using hatchets, swords and the mallets they had used to drive their stakes in, attacked the now disordered, fatigued and wounded French men-at-arms massed in front of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting | Battlefield",
"text": "The precise location of the battle is not known."
},
{
"section_header": "Fighting | Main French assault",
"text": "In such a \"press\" of thousands of men, Rogers suggested that many could have suffocated in their armour, as was described by several sources, and which was also known to have happened in other battles."
},
{
"section_header": "Numbers at Agincourt",
"text": "By contrast, Juliet Barker, in her book Agincourt: The King, the Campaign, the Battle (also published in 2005) argues the English and Welsh were outnumbered \"at least four to one and possibly as much as six to one\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Numbers at Agincourt",
"text": "Ian Mortimer, in his 2009 book 1415: Henry V's Year of Glory, notes how Curry \"minimises French numbers (by limiting her figures to those in the basic army and a few specific additional companies) and maximises English numbers (by assuming the numbers sent home from Harfleur were no greater than sick lists)\", but agrees that previous estimates have exaggerated the odds, and suggests that \"the most extreme imbalance which is credible is fifteen thousand French troops against 8,100 English: a ratio of about two-to"
},
{
"section_header": "Fighting | Main French assault",
"text": "The English Gesta Henrici described three great heaps of the slain around the three main English standards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Agincourt (; French: Azincourt [azɛ̃kuʁ]) was a major English victory in the Hundred Years' War."
},
{
"section_header": "Numbers at Agincourt",
"text": "Anne Curry in her 2005 book Agincourt: A New History, argues (based on research into the surviving administrative records) that the French army was about 12,000 strong, and the English army about 9,000, giving proportions of four to three."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In the words of Juliet Barker, the battle \"cut a great swath through the natural leaders of French society in Artois, Ponthieu, Normandy, Picardy.\"Estimates"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This battle is notable for the use of the English longbow in very large numbers, with the English and Welsh archers comprising nearly 80 percent of Henry's army."
}
] |
The Battle of Agincourt in known for the great utilization of the English bow that was lengthier than previous bows.
| 2 | 4 |
Battle of Agincourt
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The Crying Game received worldwide acclaim from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The film went into production with an inadequate patchwork of funding, leading to a stressful and unstable filming process."
}
] |
KQmVPIwNy6yRYCNBsKeV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "The film went on to success around the world, including re-releases in Britain and Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "\"The Crying Game\" – Boy George"
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "\"The Crying Game\" – Dave Berry"
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The Crying Game received worldwide acclaim from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "When Jody tries to escape, Fergus pursues him but cannot bring himself to shoot the fleeing man in the back."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "\"The Crying Game was placed on over 50 critics' ten-best lists in 1992, based on a poll of 106 film critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The soundtrack to the film, The Crying Game: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, released on 23 February 1993, was produced by Anne Dudley and Pet Shop Boys."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The film has a 94% \"fresh\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 66 reviews with the consensus: \"The Crying Game is famous for its shocking twist, but this thoughtful, haunting mystery grips the viewer from start to finish."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crying Game is a 1992 thriller film written and directed by Neil Jordan, produced by Stephen Woolley, and starring Stephen Rea, Miranda Richardson, Jaye Davidson, Adrian Dunbar, and Forest Whitaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A critical and commercial success, The Crying Game won the BAFTA Award for Best British Film as well as the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, alongside Oscar nominations for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor for Rea,"
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The film went into production with an inadequate patchwork of funding, leading to a stressful and unstable filming process."
}
] |
The Crying Game is an award-winning movie from Britain to Ireland and had little financial backing.
| 0 | 0 |
The Crying Game
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Michael Faraday (; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry."
}
] |
KQqyyMkyjZiVzuVN1KQW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Scientific achievements | Electricity and magnetism",
"text": "Faraday instead proposed that only a single \"electricity\" exists, and the changing values of quantity and intensity (current and voltage) would produce different groups of phenomena."
},
{
"section_header": "Commemorations",
"text": "He wrote about Faraday in an essay entitled, A Night in Pietramala: “He is always the natural philosopher."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Correspondence of Michael Faraday."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "1842 Faraday, Michael (1839)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Chatto and Windus. Faraday, Michael (1932–1936)."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards named in Faraday's honor",
"text": "The Royal Society of London Michael Faraday Prize"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards named in Faraday's honor",
"text": "The Institute of Physics Michael Faraday Medal and Prize"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Faraday, Michael (1861). W. Crookes (ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Faraday, Michael (1873). W. Crookes (ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Faraday, Michael (1991). F.A.J.L. James (ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Michael Faraday (; 22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry."
}
] |
Michael Faraday is a lyricist who wrote multiple songs for groups like Fleetwood Mac, The Beatles and The Rolling Stones.
| 0 | 0 |
Michael Faraday
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Clarkson was one of five sons of a prosperous jeweler."
}
] |
KR2Vz2HfWw01IqrFtlK9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "After attending business school and playing semipro ball, Clarkson signed as a free agent with the Worcester Ruby Legs of the National League in 1882."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Beaneaters (1888–1892) | A 49-win season in 1889",
"text": "The 1889 season was Clarkson's best for Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Gibson Clarkson (July 1, 1861 – February 4, 1909) was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The Clarkson's also had two maternal cousins, Walter Hackett and Mortimer"
},
{
"section_header": "Career overview",
"text": "Clarkson's election to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1963 was by the Veterans Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Chicago White Stockings (1884–1887) | A 53-win season in 1885",
"text": "Clarkson's performance in 1885 led the National League in wins (53) and strikeouts (308) and ranks as one of the most remarkable in major league history."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Beaneaters (1888–1892) | A 49-win season in 1889",
"text": "While Clarkson's 1889 numbers are comparable to those he posted in 1885, the game and distance to the plate had changed, and no other pitcher pitched nearly as many games or innings as Clarkson in 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Boston Beaneaters (1888–1892) | A 49-win season in 1889",
"text": "As a measure of his dominance, Clarkson's 49 wins were 11 more than any other pitcher; his 620 innings were 200 more than any other pitcher; and his 68 complete games were 22 more than any other pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Chicago White Stockings (1884–1887)",
"text": "Say to him after a game: 'Grand work, John, I will probably use you again tomorrow, for we've got to have that game,' and he would go out the next day and stand all batters on their heads.'\" Alfred H. Spink, The National Game (1910), quoted in Bill James, The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract (2001), p. 873."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Clarkson was one of five sons of a prosperous jeweler."
}
] |
John Clarkson's father was into jewelry business.
| 0 | 4 |
John Clarkson
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered posthumously at the Theatre of Dionysus in 405 BC as part of a tetralogy that also included Iphigeneia at Aulis and Alcmaeon in Corinth, and which Euripides' son or nephew is assumed to have directed."
}
] |
KSX0SrUY9GqYwIyZCZ2V
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bacchae (; Greek: Βάκχαι, Bakchai; also known as The Bacchantes ) is an ancient Greek tragedy, written by the Athenian playwright Euripides during his final years in Macedonia, at the court of Archelaus I of Macedon."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "The Bacchae had an enormous impact on ancient literature, and its influence can be seen in numerous Greek and Roman authors."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "in The Cambridge Companion to Greek Tragedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Various interpretations",
"text": "At one time the interpretation that prevailed was that the play was an expression of Euripides’ religious devotion, as though after a life of being critical of the Greek gods and their followers, the author finally repented of his cynicism, and wrote a play that honors Dionysus and that carries a dire warning to anyone who doesn't believe."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tragedy is based on the Greek myth of King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother Agave, and their punishment by the god Dionysus (who is Pentheus's cousin)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bacchae is considered to be not only one of Euripides's greatest tragedies, but also one of the greatest ever written, modern or ancient."
},
{
"section_header": "Various interpretations",
"text": "The Bacchae what he had always done, pointing out the inadequacy of the Greek gods and religions."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "It was Nietzsche's \"Birth of Tragedy\" in 1872 that re-posed the question of Dionysus's relation with the theatre and awakened interest in The Bacchae."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Operatic versions",
"text": "The work premiered at Ircam during the 2010 Agora Festival, starring Médéric Collignon."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "It seems to have been one of Horace's favorite tragedies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It premiered posthumously at the Theatre of Dionysus in 405 BC as part of a tetralogy that also included Iphigeneia at Aulis and Alcmaeon in Corinth, and which Euripides' son or nephew is assumed to have directed."
}
] |
The Greek tragedy Bacchae was famous during the authors life.
| 0 | 0 |
Bacchae
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "George and Ira frequented the local Yiddish theaters, with George occasionally appearing onstage as an extra."
}
] |
KSm0mLjvx9G4jQntPONV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Namesakes",
"text": "The Gershwin Theatre on Broadway is named after George and Ira."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Namesakes",
"text": "The Gershwin Hotel in the Flatiron District of Manhattan in New York City was named after George and Ira."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Tin Pan Alley and Broadway, 1913–1923",
"text": "It earned him 50 cents. In 1916, Gershwin started working for Aeolian Company and Standard Music Rolls in New York, recording and arranging."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | New York, 1929–1935",
"text": "He was inspired to write the music to his opera Porgy and Bess while on this working vacation."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | New York, 1929–1935",
"text": "\"It wasn't a musical work per se, and it wasn't a drama per se"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | New York, 1929–1935",
"text": "1931's Of Thee I Sing became the first musical comedy to win the Pulitzer Prize for Drama; the winners were George S. Kaufman, Morrie Ryskind, and Ira Gershwin."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "George lived a boyhood not unusual in New York tenements, which included running around with his friends, roller-skating and misbehaving in the streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Estate",
"text": "In September 2013, a partnership between the estates of Ira and George Gershwin and the University of Michigan was created and will provide the university's School of Music, Theatre, and Dance access to Gershwin's entire body of work, which includes all of Gershwin's papers, compositional drafts, and scores."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Ancestors",
"text": "Once in New York, he changed his first name to Morris."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Nice Work If You Can Get It (2012), a musical with a score by George and Ira Gershwin"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life",
"text": "George and Ira frequented the local Yiddish theaters, with George occasionally appearing onstage as an extra."
}
] |
George Gershwin refined his theatrical talents in by working for regional theatres in upstate New York.
| 0 | 2 |
George Gershwin
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof (Matthew McConaughey), an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched, while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack, and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée."
}
] |
KT7XuLvhrvgS8k2U5Ebw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In his interviews with Borten, Woodroof implied that this, along with interactions with gay people living with AIDS through the buyers club, led to a rethinking of his apparent anti-gay sentiments and changed his views on gay people."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Drug treatments",
"text": "Medical historian Jonathan Engel, who wrote \"The Epidemic: A History of AIDS,\" states that AZT was in fact a relatively effective treatment for the period, consistently prolonging lives for a year at a time when AIDS had a 100% mortality rate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack, and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1, 2013, by Focus Features, entering wide release on November 22."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Upon its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, Dallas Buyers Club received universal acclaim by critics and audiences, who greatly praised the film for its acting (particularly for McConaughey and Leto), screenplay and direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" The Wrap's Alonso Duralde said why he watched the film, \"McConaughey is the only reason to see Dallas Buyers Club, but he's enough of a reason to see Dallas Buyers Club."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In July 1985, promiscuous Dallas electrician and rodeo cowboy Ron Woodroof (Matthew McConaughey) is diagnosed with AIDS and given 30 days to live."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement, he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms, and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the \"Dallas Buyers Club\" while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Pick this up before or after you go and see Dallas Buyers Club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof (Matthew McConaughey), an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched, while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized."
}
] |
The 2013 film Dallas Buyers Club is about living through the AIDS epidemic.
| 0 | 0 |
Dallas Buyers Club
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel features the character David Copperfield, and is written in the first person, as a description of his life until middle age, with his own adventures and the numerous friends and enemies he meets along his way."
}
] |
KTvtDeUkNa2Ks9j5OoM6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Point of view | First person narrator",
"text": "His point of view is that of the adult he has become, as he expresses himself just as he is writing."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Bildungsroman | The happiness of maturity with Agnes",
"text": "That said, the writer David, now David Copperfield, realised the vow expressed to Agnes (when he was newly in love with Dora, in Chapter 35."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film and TV",
"text": "2019 The Personal History of David Copperfield, a film directed by Armando Iannucci"
},
{
"section_header": "Point of view | First person narrator",
"text": "The use of the first person determines the point of view: the narrator Copperfield, is a recognised writer, married to Agnes for more than ten years, who has decided to speak in public about his past life."
},
{
"section_header": "Major print editions of David Copperfield | List of editions",
"text": "And his name is DAVID COPPERFIELD.\") And his name is DAVID COPPERFIELD.\") 1962 (reprinted 2006 with an afterward by Gish Jen) US, Signet Classics ISBN 0-451-53004-7."
},
{
"section_header": "Sources and context | Dickens's personal past",
"text": "In fact, if the preoccupation with the adventures of an individualized hero, associated with a parade of comic or grotesque characters, looks back to Dickens's earlier novels, the interest in personal development, the pessimistic atmosphere, and the complex structure of Copperfield foreshadows the novels to come."
},
{
"section_header": "Illustrations | Other illustrators",
"text": "This created the opportunity for new illustrators in new editions of the novels, as both Fred Barnard (Household Edition) and Frank Reynolds (1911 edition of David Copperfield) provided, for example; their styles were different from that of Phiz who provided the illustrations for the first publications of the novel in 1850 and during the author's life."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio",
"text": "The Personal History of David Copperfield - BBC Radio 4, 1991 - a ten-part series with Gary Cady as David Copperfield, Miriam Margolyes, John Moffatt, Timothy Spall and Sheila Hancock"
},
{
"section_header": "Sources and context | Dickens's personal past",
"text": "The intensely personal memories of Dickens are, according to Paul Schlicke, remarkably transmuted into fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Development of the novel | Publication in monthly instalments",
"text": "\"The Personal History, Adventures, Experience, and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger, of Blunderstone Rookery\" was published from 1 May 1849 to 1 November 1850 in 19 monthly one-shilling instalments, containing 32 pages of text and two illustrations by Hablot Knight Browne (\"Phiz\"), with a title cover simplified to The Personal History of David Copperfield."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel features the character David Copperfield, and is written in the first person, as a description of his life until middle age, with his own adventures and the numerous friends and enemies he meets along his way."
}
] |
David Copperfield is expressed in 1st person style.
| 0 | 0 |
David Copperfield
|
NOCAT
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Son of a minor daimyo, Tokugawa once lived as a hostage, on behalf of his father, under another Daimyo."
}
] |
KUPBWAECkpqaeDT7E7QA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Son of a minor daimyo, Tokugawa once lived as a hostage, on behalf of his father, under another Daimyo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "subordinate Toyotomi Hideyoshi, before declaring allegiance to Toyotomi and fighting on his behalf."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life (1542–1556)",
"text": "As both husband and wife remarried and both went on to have further children, Ieyasu eventually had 11 half-brothers and sisters."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life (1542–1556)",
"text": "Nobunaga agreed, and so Ieyasu (now nine) was taken as a hostage to Sunpu."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu and Hideyoshi (1584–1598)",
"text": "In 1598, with his health clearly failing, Hideyoshi called a meeting that would determine the Council of Five Elders, who would be responsible for ruling on behalf of his son after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Ieyasu in popular culture | Impostor theory",
"text": "Variations include that the switch actually occurred much earlier in Motoyasu's life when he was being a hostage."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Conflict with Takeda",
"text": "Despite his initial reticence, Ieyasu was convinced by one of his generals to retreat."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life (1542–1556)",
"text": "Yoshimoto agreed to an alliance under the condition that Hirotada send his young heir to Sunpu Domain as a hostage."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Alliance with Oda",
"text": "In one engagement, he was nearly killed when struck by two bullets which did not penetrate his armour."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power (1556–1584) | Death of Nobunaga",
"text": "The leader of Kai province made the mistake of killing one of Ieyasu's aides."
}
] |
Tokugawa Ieyasu was a hostage on behalf of his sister.
| 2 | 7 |
Tokugawa Ieyasu
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play premiered on Broadway in February 1949, running for 742 performances, and has been revived on Broadway four times, winning three Tony Awards for Best Revival."
}
] |
KUcNbMUOzjnb06nXuo5G
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is considered by some critics to be one of the greatest plays of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play premiered on Broadway in February 1949, running for 742 performances, and has been revived on Broadway four times, winning three Tony Awards for Best Revival."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play has been revived on Broadway four times: June 26, 1975, at the Circle in the Square Theatre, running for 71 performances."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Charley and Bernard",
"text": "Meaning that he can and cannot see at the same time, since his way of seeing or visualizing the future is completely wrong.\" One thing that is apparent from the Death of a Salesman is the hard work and dedication of Charley and Bernard."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In the United Kingdom",
"text": "Drama critic John Gassner wrote that \"the ecstatic reception accorded Death of Salesman has been reverberating for some time wherever there is an ear for theatre, and it is undoubtedly the best American play since A Streetcar Named Desire.\" The play reached London on July 28, 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Death of a Salesman is a 1949 stage play written by American playwright Arthur Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In China",
"text": "Death of a Salesman was welcomed in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Willy Loman",
"text": "One analyst of the play writes: \"Society tries to teach that, if people are rich and well-liked, they will be happy."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Linda scolds Willy for being so critical, and Willy goes to the kitchen for a snack."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In the United Kingdom",
"text": "The Times criticized it, saying that \"the strongest play of New York theatrical season should be transferred to London in the deadest week of the year.\" However, the public understanding of the ideology of the play was different from that in America."
}
] |
Death of a Salesman has been performed on Broadway over 700 times and is considered by some critics to be one of the greatest plays of the 20th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Death of a Salesman
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christopher Mathewson (August 12, 1880 – October 7, 1925), nicknamed \"Big Six\", \"The Christian Gentleman\", \"Matty\", and \"The Gentleman's Hurler\", was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher, who played 17 seasons with the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "The Giants also lost the 1913 World Series, a 101-win season cemented by Mathewson's final brilliant season on the mound: a league-leading 2.06 ERA in over 300 innings pitched complemented by 0.6 bases on balls per nine innings pitched."
}
] |
KVYsmnHFCvkcjaUEOZmO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was among the most dominant pitchers in baseball history, and ranks in the all-time top 10 in several key pitching categories, including wins, shutouts, and ERA."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "The Giants also lost the 1913 World Series, a 101-win season cemented by Mathewson's final brilliant season on the mound: a league-leading 2.06 ERA in over 300 innings pitched complemented by 0.6 bases on balls per nine innings pitched."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "He also led the league in innings pitched and shutouts, and held hitters to an exceptionally low 0.827 WHIP."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "In 10 of his 17 years in the majors, he was in double figures in RBIs, with a season-high of 20 in 1903."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball honors",
"text": "In 1999, he ranked number seven on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, the highest-ranking National League pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christopher Mathewson (August 12, 1880 – October 7, 1925), nicknamed \"Big Six\", \"The Christian Gentleman\", \"Matty\", and \"The Gentleman's Hurler\", was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher, who played 17 seasons with the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Three years with the Reds",
"text": "The high-scoring game was a win for Mathewson's Reds over Brown's Cubs, 10-8.Mathewson retired as a player after the season and managed the Reds for the entire 1917 season and the first 118 games of 1918, compiling a total record of 164-176 as a manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league career and early major league career",
"text": "Later that month, the Cincinnati Reds picked up Mathewson off the Norfolk roster."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "Besides winning 31 games, Mathewson allowed only 1.28 earned runs for every nine innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Career with the Giants",
"text": "His career ERA of 2.13 and 79 career shutouts are among the best all time for pitchers, and his 373 wins are still number one in the National League, tied with Grover Cleveland Alexander."
}
] |
Christy Mathewson was a Major League Baseball left-handed pitcher, who played 17 seasons with the Cincinnati Reds, and ranks in the all-time top 10 in several key pitching categories, including wins, shutouts, and ERA.
| 0 | 0 |
Christy Mathewson
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on 14 March 1879."
}
] |
KWdEApKUKl4LvMV4QFFb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "In May 1904, their son Hans Albert Einstein was born in Bern, Switzerland."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life and education",
"text": "Albert Einstein was born in Ulm, in the Kingdom of Württemberg in the German Empire, on 14 March 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1930–1931: Travel to the US",
"text": "After arriving in New York City, Einstein was taken to various places and events, including Chinatown, a lunch with the editors of The New York Times, and a performance of Carmen at the Metropolitan Opera, where he was cheered by the audience on his arrival."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Albert Einstein ( EYEN-styne; German: [ˈalbɛʁt ˈʔaɪnʃtaɪn] (listen); 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Personal life | Political and religious views",
"text": "He served on the advisory board of the First Humanist Society of New York, and was an honorary associate of the Rationalist Association, which publishes New Humanist in Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1930–1931: Travel to the US",
"text": "Also during his stay in New York, he joined a crowd of 15,000 people at Madison Square Garden during a Hanukkah celebration."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1921–1922: Travels abroad",
"text": "Einstein visited New York City for the first time on 2 April 1921, where he received an official welcome by Mayor John Francis Hylan, followed by three weeks of lectures and receptions."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Personal life | Political and religious views",
"text": "For the seventy-fifth anniversary of the New York Society for Ethical Culture, he stated that the idea of Ethical Culture embodied his personal conception of what is most valuable and enduring in religious idealism."
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "A more complete list of his publications may be found at List of scientific publications by Albert Einstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Marriages and children",
"text": "Their son Eduard was born in Zürich in July 1910."
}
] |
Physicist Albert Einstein was born in New York.
| 0 | 0 |
Albert Einstein
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure",
"text": "In 2013, GoDaddy was reported as the largest ICANN-accredited registrar in the world, at the size of four times their closest competitor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On January 29, 2020, GoDaddy announced an agreement to acquire Over."
}
] |
KWuSWXVVzY1KfU1678Ck
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Security breach",
"text": "The breach lasted for a period of six months before detection by the company's security team on April 23rd, 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Security breach",
"text": "On October 19th, 2019 GoDaddy experienced a security breach that affected 28,000 customer's hosting accounts."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On April 6, 2020, GoDaddy acquired Neustar's domain name registry service business and renames it GoDaddy Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Other",
"text": "Rival domain name registrar NameCheap claimed that GoDaddy was in violation of ICANN rules by providing incomplete information in order to hinder the protest moves of domain names from GoDaddy to NameCheap, an accusation which GoDaddy denied, claiming that it was following its standard business practice to prevent WHOIS abuse."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Backing of SOPA and resultant boycott",
"text": "When pressed, he said “We’re going to step back and let others take leadership roles.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure",
"text": "In 2013, GoDaddy was reported as the largest ICANN-accredited registrar in the world, at the size of four times their closest competitor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "In July 2012, GoDaddy announced that it would acquire Outright for an undisclosed amount."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Acquisitions",
"text": "On January 29, 2020, GoDaddy announced an agreement to acquire Over."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Company growth",
"text": "In 2001, soon after Network Solutions was no longer the only place to register a domain, GoDaddy was approximately the same size as competitors Dotster and eNom."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | Super Bowl advertisements",
"text": "Inc. According to comScore, GoDaddy ranked first in advertiser Web site follow-through."
}
] |
GoDaddy Inc. secured nineteen other businesses beginning in 2012 until 2020 and is quadruple the size of its rivals.
| 0 | 0 |
GoDaddy
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "A sole, token gas lamp is located at N. Holliday Street and E. Baltimore Street as a monument to the first gas lamp in America, erected at that location."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "For example, Baltimore, the first US city to install gas streetlights, removed nearly all of them."
}
] |
KX3AvUjdHMZtmiZbEiuQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "Among the economic impacts of gas lighting was much longer work hours in factories."
},
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "The brighter lighting which gas provided allowed people to read more easily and for longer."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "With gas lighting, theatres would no longer need to have people tending to candles during a performance, or having to light each candle individually."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "They were no longer places for mingling and orange selling, but places of respected entertainment."
},
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "Baltimore was the first American city with gas street lights; Peale's Gas Light Company of Baltimore on February 7, 1817 lit its first street lamp at Market and Lemon Streets (currently Baltimore and Holliday Streets)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early technology",
"text": "In 1820, Paris adopted gas street lighting."
},
{
"section_header": "Widespread use",
"text": "This was particularly important in Great Britain during the winter months when nights are significantly longer."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "\" Theatres also no longer needed to worry about wax dripping on the actors during a show."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "In 2018, there were 417 points (about 650 lanterns) of street gas lighting in Prague."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "A sole, token gas lamp is located at N. Holliday Street and E. Baltimore Street as a monument to the first gas lamp in America, erected at that location."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "For example, Baltimore, the first US city to install gas streetlights, removed nearly all of them."
}
] |
Maryland no longer has any gas street lights.
| 3 | 5 |
Gaslight
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Philip Anthony Hopkins (born 31 December 1937) is a Welsh actor, director and film producer."
}
] |
KXbgGB5tqlGxcbFretay
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "Perhaps Hopkins' most famous role is as the cannibalistic serial killer Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1991, with Jodie Foster as Clarice Starling, who also won for Best Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "Director Jonathan Demme wanted a British actor for the role, with Jodie Foster stating, \"Lecter is a manipulator and has a way of using language to keep people at bay."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the mid-1970s, Richard Attenborough, who would direct five Hopkins films, called him \"the greatest actor of his generation.\" In 1991 he portrayed Hannibal Lecter in The Silence of the Lambs, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "Hopkins reprised his role as Lecter twice; in Ridley Scott's Hannibal (2001), and Red Dragon (2002)."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "I suppose I'll just have to settle for being a respectable actor poncing around the West End and doing respectable BBC work for the rest of my life.\" Hopkins played the iconic villain in adaptations of the first three of the Lecter novels by Thomas Harris."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "Making a name for himself as a screen actor, in 1972 he starred as British politician David Lloyd George in Young Winston, and in 1977 he played British Army officer John Frost in the World War II-set film"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Philip Anthony Hopkins (born 31 December 1937) is a Welsh actor, director and film producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "The terminally rude. His original portrayal of the character in The Silence of the Lambs has been labelled by the AFI as the number-one film villain."
},
{
"section_header": "Other work",
"text": "To play another actor is fun because you know the ins and outs of their thinking – especially with someone like Sir, who is a diabolically insecure, egotistical man.\" He spoke again on the impact the role had on him in 2018, \"When I was at the Royal National Theatre all those years ago, I knew I had something in me, but I didn’t have the discipline."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Role as Hannibal Lecter",
"text": "However, Hopkins stated that Red Dragon would feature his final performance as the character, and that he would not reprise even a narrative role in the latest addition to the series, Hannibal Rising."
}
] |
Anthony Hopkins is a British actor who played Hannibal Lecter in Silent of the Lambs.
| 0 | 0 |
Anthony Hopkins
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "His second marriage was to Fannie Taylor Briggs in January 1912; he raised her five-year-old daughter from her previous marriage, Audrey, as his own daughter."
}
] |
KXhzIWjyGC8TBbBvXKzA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "With the Tigers, Barrow feuded with shortstop Kid Elberfeld."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In May 1950, an exhibition game was played in honor of Barrow, with Barrow managing a team of retired stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Barrow was considered a potential successor to AL president Ban Johnson in 1927, but Barrow declared that he was not interested in the job."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Barrow was born in Springfield, Illinois, the oldest of four children, all male, born to Effie Ann Vinson-Heller and John Barrow."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early career",
"text": "Barrow managed the Tigers again in 1904, but unable to coexist with Frank Navin, Yawkey's secretary-treasurer, Barrow tendered his resignation."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Return to baseball",
"text": "When Ruth told Barrow that he could only pitch or hit, Barrow decided that Ruth's bat was more useful than his pitching, and transitioned him from a pitcher into an outfielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barrow was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Return to baseball",
"text": "Barrow returned to baseball in 1910, managing Montreal."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Barrow remained as chairman of the board and an informal adviser."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | New York Yankees",
"text": "AL president Will Harridge offered Barrow the job of Commissioner of Baseball to succeed Kenesaw Mountain Landis; Barrow declined, as he felt he was too old and his health was in decline."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "His second marriage was to Fannie Taylor Briggs in January 1912; he raised her five-year-old daughter from her previous marriage, Audrey, as his own daughter."
}
] |
Barrow had 2 kids with his 2nd wife.
| 0 | 1 |
Ed Barrow
|
History
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jack was a salesman and storyteller whose grandparents were Irish Catholic emigrants from County Tipperary, while Nelle was of English, Irish and Scottish descent."
}
] |
KY9Sfy4DBNMJssMgtzqF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As president of the Screen Actors Guild, Reagan worked to root out communist influence."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (1989–2004) | Public speaking",
"text": "In 1992 Reagan established the Ronald Reagan Freedom Award with the newly formed Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1981–1989) | First term | Civil rights",
"text": "In 1982, he signed a bill extending the Voting Rights Act for 25 years after a grass-roots lobbying and legislative campaign forced him to abandon his plan to ease that law's restrictions."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "That year, the Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center was dedicated in Washington,"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (1989–2004) | Public speaking",
"text": "Previously, on November 4, 1991, the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library was dedicated and opened to the public."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1981–1989) | First term",
"text": "Ronald Reagan was 69 years old when he was sworn into office for his first term on January 20, 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "This entitled him to the use of the post-nominal letters \"GCB\" but, as a foreign national, not to be known as \"Sir Ronald Reagan\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Ronald Wilson Reagan was born on February 6, 1911, in an apartment on the second floor of a commercial building in Tampico, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "Congress authorized the creation of the Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home in Dixon, Illinois in 2002, pending federal purchase of the property."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "After Reagan's death, the United States Postal Service issued a President Ronald Reagan commemorative postage stamp in 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jack was a salesman and storyteller whose grandparents were Irish Catholic emigrants from County Tipperary, while Nelle was of English, Irish and Scottish descent."
}
] |
Ronald Reagan had roots from Ireland.
| 6 | 8 |
Ronald Reagan
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part I",
"text": "The film opens in 1935, when Lawrence is killed in a motorcycle accident."
}
] |
KYHCJavPGS3GZ6DtRgIK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Representation of other characters",
"text": "He was present with Lawrence from the beginning of the Aqaba expedition and in fact helped to plan it, along with Lawrence and Prince Faisal."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Representation of Lawrence",
"text": "The perceived problems with the portrayal begin with the differences in his physical appearance; the 6-foot-2-inch (1.88 m) Peter O'Toole was almost 9 inches (23 cm) taller than the 5-foot-5-inch (1.65 m) Lawrence."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy | Representation of Lawrence",
"text": "Even during the war, Lowell Thomas wrote in With Lawrence in Arabia that he could take pictures of him only by tricking him, but Lawrence later agreed to pose for several photos for Thomas's stage show."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part I",
"text": "While crossing the Sinai Desert, Daud dies when he stumbles into quicksand."
},
{
"section_header": "Later film",
"text": "It depicts events in the lives of Lawrence and Faisal subsequent to Lawrence of Arabia and featured Ralph Fiennes as Lawrence and Alexander Siddig as Prince Faisal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lawrence of Arabia is a 1962 British epic historical drama film based on the life of T. E. Lawrence."
},
{
"section_header": "Later film",
"text": "In 1990, the made-for-television film A Dangerous Man: Lawrence After Arabia was aired."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | New restoration, Blu-ray, and theatrical re-release",
"text": "The digital restoration was done by Sony Colorworks DI, Prasad Studios, and MTI Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Theatrical run",
"text": "Lawrence of Arabia was re-released theatrically in 2002 to celebrate the film's fortieth anniversary."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Upon its release, Lawrence of Arabia was a huge critical and financial success and it remains popular among viewers and critics alike."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part I",
"text": "The film opens in 1935, when Lawrence is killed in a motorcycle accident."
}
] |
Lawrence of Arabia begins as the titular Lawrence dies.
| 0 | 0 |
Lawrence of Arabia (film)
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dr. Kik wants to get to the \"causes of her unconscious rejection.\" The film includes many flashbacks, including her earlier failed engagement to Gordon as well as childhood issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Much of the film was filmed in the Camarillo State Mental Hospital in California."
}
] |
KYHQ5sF9AbvivP0JopXK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "He wrote, \"A film of superficial veracity that requires a bigger man than Litvak; a good film with bad things in it.\" On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 100% based on 6 reviews, with a weighted average rating of 8.1/10.Author and film critic Leonard Maltin awarded the film three and a half out of a possible four stars, calling it \"gripping\" and \"one of the first films to deal intelligently with mental breakdown and the painstakingly slow recovery"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Dr. Kik wants to get to the \"causes of her unconscious rejection.\" The film includes many flashbacks, including her earlier failed engagement to Gordon as well as childhood issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Much of the film was filmed in the Camarillo State Mental Hospital in California."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "The critics were generally positive, with Louella Parsons declaring: \"It is the most courageous subject ever attempted on the screen\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact",
"text": "The film also won the International Prize at the Venice Film Festival in 1949, where it was cited for \"a daring inquiry in a clinical case dramatically performed.\" The film led to changes in the conditions of mental institutions in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "Other film analysts view it as successful in conveying Ward's view of the uncertainties of post-World War II life and women's roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Censorship",
"text": "Due to public concerns that the extras in the film were in fact real mental patients being exploited, the British censor added a foreword explaining that everyone who appeared on screen was a paid actor and that conditions in British hospitals were unlike those portrayed in the film and cut 1,000 feet of the film deleting all sequences involving patients in straitjackets and lighter scenes evoking laughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The mental hospital is organized on a spectrum of \"levels."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "process\". The film has come under fire from some women's rights authors for a seeming misportrayal of Virginia's difficulties and the implication that accepting a subservient role as a wife and mother is part of her \"cure\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Despite this setback, Dr. Kik's care continues to improve Virginia's mental state."
}
] |
The film was critically acclaimed and praised for broaching mental health issues.
| 2 | 4 |
The Snake Pit
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After her parents' divorce, Christie spent time with her mother in rural Wales."
}
] |
KYmo1YHDwHek9JBKzKTK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Christie returned to the United Kingdom in 1977, living on a farm in Wales."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After being asked to leave the Convent of Our Lady as well, she later attended Wycombe Court School, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, during which time she lived with a foster mother from the age of six."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "After the relationship ended, they worked together again in the comedies Shampoo (1975) and"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After her parents' divorce, Christie spent time with her mother in rural Wales."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "According to Life magazine, 1965 was \"The Year of Julie Christie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Christie is married to journalist Duncan Campbell; they have lived together since 1979, but the date they married is disputed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Julie Frances Christie (born 14 April 1940) is a British actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her parents separated when Julie was a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1967, Time magazine said of her: \"What Julie Christie wears has more real impact on fashion than all the clothes of the ten best-dressed women"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In July 2006 she was a member of the jury at the 28th Moscow International Film Festival."
}
] |
Julie Christie did not live with her father after he and her mother ended their marriage.
| 1 | 4 |
Julie Christie
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In Thebes, Palamon and Arcite, cousins and close friends, are bound by duty to fight for Creon, though they are appalled by his tyranny."
}
] |
KYp9XtgiBBSa0PVsVbNk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "After a convivial dinner with reminiscences, the two fight."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Two Noble Kinsmen is a Jacobean tragicomedy, first published in 1634 and attributed to John Fletcher and William Shakespeare."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text",
"text": "Links between The Two Noble Kinsmen and contemporaneous works point to 1613–1614 as its date of composition and first performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In addition to whatever public performances there were around 1613–1614, evidence suggests a performance of The Two Noble Kinsmen at Court in 1619."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The two argue, but Arcite offers to bring Palamon food, drink and armaments so that they can meet in an equal fight over Emilia."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In 1664, after theatres had re-opened after Charles II returned to the throne at the beginning of the English Restoration period, Sir William Davenant produced an adaptation of The Two Noble Kinsmen for the Duke's Company titled The Rivals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This play is believed to have been William Shakespeare's final play before he retired to Stratford-Upon-Avon and died three years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | In popular culture",
"text": "In The Simpsons' Season 15 episode \"Co-Dependent's Day,\" after Moe Szyslak unthinkingly gives away a rare 1886 bottle of Château Latour, he proceeds to dry his tears with another priceless collector's item, an original manuscript of The Two Noble Kinsmen."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text",
"text": "In Francis Beaumont's The Masque of the Inner Temple and Gray's Inn (1613), the second anti-masque features this cast of rural characters: pedant, May Lord and Lady, servingman and chambermaid, tavern host and hostess, shepherd and his wench, and two \"bavians\" (male and female baboon)."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Hippolyta and Emilia intervene and so Theseus agrees to a public tournament between the two for Emilia's hand."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "In Thebes, Palamon and Arcite, cousins and close friends, are bound by duty to fight for Creon, though they are appalled by his tyranny."
}
] |
In the play The Two Noble Kinsmen, two of the characters fight for the evil king because they believe in his cause.
| 3 | 6 |
The Two Noble Kinsmen
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "On June 6, 2017, the company invested in a $5 million financing round by Doc+.In May 2017, all Yandex services were banned in Ukraine by Presidential Decree"
}
] |
KZ5uEVoDlLjdiVvjXyqr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "On June 1, 2017, Yandex closed its offices in Kiev and Odessa, Ukraine after the Security Service of Ukraine raided the offices and accused the company of illegally collecting Ukrainian users’ data and sending it to Russian security agencies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yandex N.V. (; Russian: Яндекс, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian multinational corporation specializing in Internet-related products and services, including transportation, search and information services, eCommerce, navigation, mobile applications, and online advertising."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "In 2008, Yandex extended its presence in Ukraine by increasing bandwidth between Moscow data centers and UA-IX in Ukraine fivefold."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "On June 6, 2017, the company invested in a $5 million financing round by Doc+.In May 2017, all Yandex services were banned in Ukraine by Presidential Decree"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "In September 2005, Yandex opened an office in Ukraine and launched www.yandex.ua."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "In 2009, all services of www.yandex.ua were localized for the Ukrainian market."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "In 2010, Yandex launched its \"Poltava\" search engine algorithm for Ukrainian users, based on its MatrixNet technology."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s",
"text": "In 2007, Yandex introduced a customized search engine for Ukrainian users; Yandex also opened its development center in Kiev in May 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "In June 2019, RBC News reported that Yandex had refused a request by the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) under the Yarovaya law to surrender encryption keys that could decrypt the private data of its e-mail service and cloud storage users."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010s",
"text": "In June 2012, Yandex acquired a 25% stake in Seismotech, a company that provides services in the area of interpretative processing of seismic data and software development, for $1 million."
}
] |
The Russian multinational corporation Yandex was accused of illegally collecting Ukrainian users' data but despite this they have not been banned in the Ukraine.
| 1 | 3 |
Yandex
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "Reynolds says that Prohibition split attitudes about morality, and in the novel Hemingway made clear his dislike of Prohibition."
}
] |
KZN4XzoXzOrM14Ow8AiD
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "In his essay \"Alcoholism in Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises\", Matts Djos says the main characters exhibit alcoholic tendencies such as depression, anxiety and sexual inadequacy."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "All of the characters drink heavily during the fiesta and generally throughout the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In the years since its publication, the novel has been criticized for its antisemitism, as expressed in the characterization of Robert Cohn."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "Aldridge writes that The Sun Also Rises has kept its appeal because the novel is about being young."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "In The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway contrasts Paris with Pamplona, and the frenzy of the fiesta with the tranquillity of the Spanish countryside."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The reviewer for the Chicago Daily Tribune wrote of the novel, \"The Sun Also Rises is the kind of book that makes this reviewer at least almost plain angry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Hemingway apparently maneuvered Boni & Liveright into terminating their contract so he could have The Sun Also Rises published by Scribner's instead."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "In the 1990s, British editions were titled Fiesta: The Sun Also Rises."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "\"The success of The Sun Also Rises guaranteed interest from Broadway and Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The corrida, the fiesta, and nature",
"text": "Reynolds says that Prohibition split attitudes about morality, and in the novel Hemingway made clear his dislike of Prohibition."
}
] |
Hemingway expresses his disdain for alcohol throughout his novel, The Sun Also Rises.
| 0 | 1 |
The Sun Also Rises
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "Alternatively, the statue perished along with the temple, which was severely damaged by fire in 425 AD."
}
] |
KZw7IwpEbh1eRkPYlIML
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the statue was lost and destroyed during the 5th century AD; details of its form are known only from ancient Greek descriptions and representations on coins."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "where down to the present day the bronze jar stood to cover the place.\" According to Roman historian Suetonius, the Roman Emperor Caligula gave orders that \"such statues of the gods as were especially famous for their sanctity or their artistic merit, including that of Jupiter at Olympia, should be brought from Greece, in order to remove their heads and put his own in their place."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "The sanctuary at Olympia fell into disuse."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "The 11th-century Byzantine historian Georgios Kedrenos records a tradition that it was carried off to Constantinople, where it was destroyed in the great fire of the Palace of Lausus, in 475 AD."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue of Zeus was commissioned by the Eleans, custodians of the Olympic Games, in the latter half of the fifth century BC for their newly constructed Temple of Zeus."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him—whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Phidias could see him—the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad: ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν"
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "But earlier loss or damage is implied by Lucian of Samosata in the later 2nd century, who referenced it in Timon: \"they have laid hands on your person at Olympia, my lord High-Thunderer, and you had not the energy to wake the dogs or call in the neighbours; surely they might have come to the rescue and caught the fellows before they had finished packing up the loot.\" The approximate date of the statue (the third quarter of the 5th century BC) was confirmed in the rediscovery (1954–58) of Phidias' workshop, approximately where Pausanias said the statue of Zeus was constructed."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "\" It seems that if Zeus were to stand up,\" the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, \"he would unroof the temple.\" The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, made with ivory and gold panels on a wooden substructure."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Zeus' golden sandals rested upon a footstool decorated with an Amazonomachy in relief."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "Alternatively, the statue perished along with the temple, which was severely damaged by fire in 425 AD."
}
] |
The Statute of Zeus was destroyed and not during a bombing in the Battle of Olympia in Greece between the Allies and Benito Mussolini.
| 2 | 6 |
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Hoyt Wilhelm (July 26, 1922 – August 23, 2002), nicknamed \"Old Sarge\", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher with the New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, California Angels, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1952 and 1972."
}
] |
Ka37WU91oSwZYUzvlF21
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Middle career",
"text": "After the 1968 season, MLB expanded and an expansion draft was conducted in which the new teams could select certain players from the established teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He was the oldest player in Major League Baseball for each of his final seven seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "After his retirement as a player, Wilhelm managed two minor league teams in the Atlanta Braves system for single seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "After Wilhelm failed to garner enough votes for induction in 1983, sportswriter Jim Murray criticized the voters, saying that while Wilhelm never had the look of a baseball player, he was \"the best player in history at what he does.\" He fell short by 13 votes in 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Wilhelm was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Middle career",
"text": "Sportswriter Bob Driscoll later attributed Wilhelm's difficulties in the mid-1950s to the decline in the career of Giants catcher Wes Westrum, writing that baseball was \"a game of inches, and for Hoyt, Wes had been that inch in the right direction.\" On February 26, 1957, Wilhelm was traded by the Giants to the St. Louis Cardinals for Whitey Lockman."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Wilhelm was named to the NL All-Star team that year, but he did not play in the game because team manager Charlie Dressen did not think that any of the catchers could handle his knuckleball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "He signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers on July 10, 1971, and appeared in nine games for the Dodgers, giving up two earned runs in 17 2⁄3 innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Wilhelm was the first relief pitcher elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Wilhelm was on the ballot for the Baseball Hall of Fame for eight years before he was elected."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Hoyt Wilhelm (July 26, 1922 – August 23, 2002), nicknamed \"Old Sarge\", was an American Major League Baseball pitcher with the New York Giants, St. Louis Cardinals, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, California Angels, Atlanta Braves, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Dodgers between 1952 and 1972."
}
] |
Hoyt Wilhelm was baseball player for 10 different teams.
| 0 | 0 |
Hoyt Wilhelm
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Classified as both gothic fiction and a ghost story, the novella focuses on a governess who, caring for two children at a remote estate, becomes convinced that the grounds are haunted."
}
] |
Ka8aUsBxYXbAWbCz2PYP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Turn of the Screw is an 1898 horror novella by Henry James that first appeared in serial format in Collier's Weekly magazine (January 27 – April 16, 1898)."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The Turn of the Screw was first published in the magazine Collier's Weekly, serialised in 12 instalments (27 January – 16 April 1898)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Classified as both gothic fiction and a ghost story, the novella focuses on a governess who, caring for two children at a remote estate, becomes convinced that the grounds are haunted."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "In The Collier's Weekly Version of The Turn of the Screw (2010), the tale is presented in its original serial form with a detailed analysis of the changes James made over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "The imagery of The Turn of the Screw is reminiscent of gothic fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "In October 1898 the novella appeared with the short story \"Covering End\" in a volume titled The Two Magics, published by Macmillan in New York City and by Heinemann in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Editions | 21st century",
"text": "The Collier's Weekly Version of The Turn of the Screw, edited by Peter G. Beidler (Seattle: Coffeetown Press, 2010) ISBN 978-1-60381-018-0."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "\" The Haunting of Henry James: Jealous Ghosts, Affinities and The Others\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "They note that James's letters, his New York Edition preface, and his Notebooks contain no definite evidence that The Turn of the Screw was intended as anything other than a straightforward ghost story, and James certainly wrote ghost stories that did not depend on the narrator's imagination."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Henry James's Legacy: The Afterlife of His Figure and Fiction."
}
] |
The Turn of the Screw is an 1898 horror novella by Henry James that first appeared in serial format in Collier's Weekly magazine in which it was classified as both gothic fiction and a ghost story.
| 0 | 0 |
The Turn of the Screw
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The mitochondrion (, plural mitochondria) is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms."
}
] |
KaAQ4IQFQZZmc5NMcWof
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Organization and distribution",
"text": "A single mitochondrion is often found in unicellular organisms."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The mitochondrion (, plural mitochondria) is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms."
},
{
"section_header": "Organization and distribution",
"text": "Mitochondria (and related structures) are found in all eukaryotes (except two—the Oxymonad Monocercomonoides and Henneguya salminicola)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To date, only one eukaryote, Monocercomonoides, is known to have completely lost its mitochondria, and one multicellular organism, Henneguya salminicola, is known to have retained mitochondrion-related organelles in association with a complete loss of their mitochondrial genome."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and evolution",
"text": "By this, mitochondria, hydrogenosomes, mitosomes, and related organelles as found in some loricifera (e. g. Spinoloricus) and myxozoa (e. g. Henneguya zschokkei) are together classified as MROs, mitochondrion-related organelles."
},
{
"section_header": "Organization and distribution",
"text": "The mitochondria can be found nestled between myofibrils of muscle or wrapped around the sperm flagellum."
},
{
"section_header": "Organization and distribution",
"text": "Mitochondria in cells are always distributed along microtubules and the distribution of these organelles is also correlated with the endoplasmic reticulum."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Because of this double-membraned organization, there are five distinct parts to a mitochondrion."
},
{
"section_header": "Genome | Lack of mitochondrial DNA",
"text": "Eukaryotic cells typically have mitochondrial DNA; however, mitochondria that lack their own DNA have been found in a marine parasitic dinoflagellate from the genus Amoebophyra."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin and evolution",
"text": "A mitochondrion contains DNA, which is organized as several copies of a single, usually circular chromosome."
}
] |
The mitochondrion is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms
| 0 | 0 |
Mitochondrion
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the second and only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy that won the first prize at the dramatic competitions in Athens' City Dionysia festival in 472 BC, with Pericles serving as choregos."
}
] |
KadDi2R8FDiOfK0J5DQz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Persians (Ancient Greek: Πέρσαι, Persai, Latinised as Persae) is an ancient Greek tragedy written during the Classical period of Ancient Greece by the Greek tragedian Aeschylus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the second and only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy that won the first prize at the dramatic competitions in Athens' City Dionysia festival in 472 BC, with Pericles serving as choregos."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsequent production history",
"text": "Actors delivered the play in Ancient and Modern Greek, while English subtitles were projected on YouTube."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsequent production history",
"text": "Οn the occasion of the 2500th anniversary of the Battle of Salamis, in July 25th, 2020, \"Persians\" was the first Ancient Greek Tragedy that was played at its natural environment, i.e. the open-air theatre of Epidaurus, and was live streamed internationally via YouTube."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsequent production history",
"text": "Audiences valued the way this production required them to shift their attention between the spectacular landscape surrounding them, the particular history of the area, and the modern adaptation of the ancient Greek text performed onstage."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The climax of the messenger's speech is his rendition of the battle cry of the Greeks as they charged: \"On, sons of Greece!"
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion",
"text": "The sympathetic school has the considerable weight of Aristotelian criticism behind it; indeed, every other extant Greek tragedy arguably invites an audience's sympathy for one or more characters on stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion",
"text": "Interpretations of Persians either read the play as sympathetic toward the defeated Persians or else as a celebration of Greek victory within the context of an ongoing war."
},
{
"section_header": "Discussion",
"text": "The second, Phoenician Women (written in 476 BCE, four years before Aeschylus' version), treated the same historical event as Aeschylus' Persians."
},
{
"section_header": "Place in Aeschylus' work",
"text": "Given Aeschylus' propensity for writing connected trilogies, the theme of divine retribution may connect the three."
}
] |
The Persians is an ancient Greek tragedy written during the Classical period of Ancient Greece by the Greek tragedian Aeschylus, and is the only surviving part of a now otherwise lost trilogy.
| 0 | 0 |
The Persians
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022–23."
}
] |
KaxicmifaSSFZXIqDSvQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Ottoman period (1517–1917)",
"text": "Adjacent to the Dome of the Rock, the Ottomans built the free-standing Dome of the Prophet in 1620.Large-scale renovation was undertaken during the reign of Mahmud II in 1817."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Original Umayyad construction",
"text": "Shelomo Dov Goitein of the Hebrew University has argued that the Dome of the Rock was intended to compete with the many fine buildings of worship of other religions: \"The very form of a rotunda, given to the Qubbat as-Sakhra, although it was foreign to Islam, was destined to rival the many Christian domes.\" K.A.C. Creswell in his book"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Dome of the Rock (Arabic: قبة الصخرة"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kippat ha-Sela) is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem."
},
{
"section_header": "Architectural homages",
"text": "The Dome of the Rock has inspired the architecture of a number of buildings."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Original Umayyad construction",
"text": "The initial octagonal structure of the Dome of the Rock and its round wooden dome had basically the same shape as is does today."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Interior decoration",
"text": "The dedicatory inscription in Kufic script placed around the dome contains the date believed to be the year the Dome was first completed, AH 72 (691/2 CE), while the name of the corresponding caliph and builder of the Dome, al-Malik, was deleted and replaced by the name of Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833) during whose reign renovations took place."
},
{
"section_header": "Accessibility",
"text": "The Dome of the Rock has been depicted on the Obverse and reverse of several Middle East currencies: The Dome is maintained by the Ministry of Awqaf in Amman, Jordan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Dome of the Rock is in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Crusaders",
"text": "The Templars, active from c. 1119, identified the Dome of the Rock as the site of the Temple of Solomon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022–23."
}
] |
The Dome of the Rock still has it's orginal dome although it is in need of renovations.
| 1 | 4 |
Dome of the Rock
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glass describes himself as a composer of \"music with repetitive structures\", which he has helped evolve stylistically."
}
] |
KbEzH9kx0hx0NDPCvSLF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glass describes himself as a composer of \"music with repetitive structures\", which he has helped evolve stylistically."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life, friends, and collaborators",
"text": "Glass has described himself as \"a Jewish-Taoist-Hindu-Toltec-Buddhist\", and he is a supporter of the Tibetan independence movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and collaborations",
"text": "Glass describes himself as a \"classicist\", pointing out he is trained in harmony and counterpoint and studied such composers as Franz Schubert, Johann Sebastian Bach, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart with Nadia Boulanger."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1967–1974: Minimalism: From Strung Out to Music in 12 Parts",
"text": "As he pointed out: \"I had worked for eight or nine years inventing a system, and now I'd written through it and come out the other end.\" He now prefers to describe himself as a composer of \"music with repetitive structures\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 2005–07: Songs and Poems",
"text": "Glass himself pointed out \"in many ways it owes more to Schubert than to Bach\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "Glass has nothing—though he presumably deludes himself into thinking he does: hence the preponderance of slow, reflective solo writing in the piece which assumes there's something to reflect on."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glass's work has been described as minimal music, having similar qualities to other \"minimalist\" composers such as La Monte Young, Steve Reich, and Terry Riley."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1991–96: Cocteau trilogy and symphonies",
"text": "Glass's prolific output in the 1990s continued to include operas with an opera triptych (1991–1996), which the composer described as an \"homage\" to writer and film director Jean Cocteau, based on his prose and cinematic work: Orphée (1949), La Belle"
},
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "Tape 2: Philip Glass. Produced and directed by Robert Ashley Philip Glass, from Four American Composers (1983); directed by Peter Greenaway"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1991–96: Cocteau trilogy and symphonies",
"text": "Another commission by Dennis Russell Davies was a second series for piano, the Etudes for Piano (dedicated to Davies as well as the production designer Achim Freyer); the complete first set of ten Etudes has been recorded and performed by Glass himself."
}
] |
Philip Glass describes himself as a composer of "music with high pitches".
| 0 | 5 |
Philip Glass
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not was Hemingway's second novel set in the United States, after The Torrents of Spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel had its origins in two short stories published earlier in periodicals by Hemingway (\"One Trip Across\" and \"The Tradesman's Return\") which make up the opening chapters, and a novella, written later, which makes up about two-thirds of the book."
}
] |
KbgqUoECHaPutf66BFf6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not is a novel by Ernest Hemingway (publ."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "A second story was written and published in Esquire in 1936, at which point Hemingway decided to write a novel about Harry Morgan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Have and Have Not was Hemingway's second novel set in the United States, after The Torrents of Spring."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel had its origins in two short stories published earlier in periodicals by Hemingway (\"One Trip Across\" and \"The Tradesman's Return\") which make up the opening chapters, and a novella, written later, which makes up about two-thirds of the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "Cosmopolitan Magazine published a section of the novel as \"One Trip Across\" in 1934; Esquire Magazine published a section as \"The Tradesman's Return\" in 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "To Have and Have Not began as a short story—published as \"One Trip Across\" in Cosmopolitan in 1934—introducing the character Harry Morgan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers describes the novel as heavily influenced by the Marxist ideology Hemingway was exposed to by his support of the Republican faction in the Spanish Civil War while he was writing it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The narrative is told from multiple viewpoints, at different times, by different characters, and the characters' names are frequently supplied under the chapter headings to indicate who is narrating that chapter."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and publication history",
"text": "It was also published as an Armed Services Edition during WWII."
},
{
"section_header": "Film adaptations",
"text": "The second film version, titled The Breaking Point (1950), was directed by Michael Curtiz and stars John Garfield and Patricia Neal with Juano Hernandez as Morgan's partner."
}
] |
To Have and Have Not is a second novel by Ernest Hemingway and began as a couple of smaller narratives published separately.
| 0 | 0 |
To Have and Have Not
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Results of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "It provided a large capital influx to German industry, which continued to rebuild and expand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Because the Plan resolved a serious international crisis, Dawes shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925 for his work."
}
] |
KbnZ7MyM7GJrA7yZSzBH
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Main points of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "Dawes and Sir Austen Chamberlain shared the Nobel Peace Prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Because the Plan resolved a serious international crisis, Dawes shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925 for his work."
},
{
"section_header": "Results of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "It provided a large capital influx to German industry, which continued to rebuild and expand."
},
{
"section_header": "Results of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "The Dawes Plan was also the beginning of the ties between German industry and American investment banks."
},
{
"section_header": "Main points of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "However, the Dawes Plan was considered by the Germans as a temporary measure and they expected a revised solution in the future."
},
{
"section_header": "Results of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "The Dawes Plan resulted in French troops leaving the Ruhr Valley."
},
{
"section_header": "Main points of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "The Dawes Plan went into effect in September 1924."
},
{
"section_header": "Main points of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "In 1928, German Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann called for a final plan to be established, and the Young Plan was enacted in 1929."
},
{
"section_header": "Main points of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "In an agreement of August 1924, the main points of The Dawes Plan were: The Ruhr area was to be evacuated by foreign troops"
},
{
"section_header": "Results of the Dawes Plan",
"text": "The Ruhr occupation resulted in a victory for the German steel industry and the German re-armament program."
}
] |
The plan was successful in helping Germans rebuild earning Dawes and Chamberlain a Nobel Peace Prize.
| 3 | 6 |
Dawes Plan
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Civil War-era legal status of fugitive slaves",
"text": "But for some time the Fugitive Slave Law was considered still to hold in the case of fugitives from masters in the border states who were loyal to the Union government, and it was not until June 28, 1864, that the Act of 1850 was fully repealed."
}
] |
KbtVgEqq8uvszaywfWDK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "1850 Fugitive Slave Act",
"text": "The severity of this measure led to gross abuses and defeated its purpose; the number of abolitionists increased, the operations of the Underground Railroad became more efficient, and new personal liberty laws were enacted in Vermont (1850), Connecticut (1854), Rhode Island (1854), Massachusetts (1855), Michigan (1855), Maine (1855 and 1857), Kansas (1858) and Wisconsin (1858)."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War-era legal status of fugitive slaves",
"text": "But for some time the Fugitive Slave Law was considered still to hold in the case of fugitives from masters in the border states who were loyal to the Union government, and it was not until June 28, 1864, that the Act of 1850 was fully repealed."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War-era legal status of fugitive slaves",
"text": "With the beginning of the Civil War, the legal status of the slave was changed by his masters being in arms."
},
{
"section_header": "1850 Fugitive Slave Act",
"text": "The arrests of Thomas Sims and of Shadrach Minkins in Boston in 1851; of Jerry M. Henry, in Syracuse, New York, in the same year; of Anthony Burns in 1854, in Boston; and of the two Garner families in 1856, in Cincinnati, with other cases arising under the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, probably had as much to do with bringing on the Civil War as did the controversy over slavery in the Territories."
},
{
"section_header": "Pre-colonial and colonial eras",
"text": "Both Africans and Native Americans were enslaved in the New England colonies even in the 18th century."
},
{
"section_header": "1850 Fugitive Slave Act",
"text": "The demand from the South for more effective Federal legislation was voiced in the second fugitive slave law, drafted by Senator James Murray Mason of Virginia, grandson of George Mason, and enacted on September 18, 1850, as a part of the Compromise of 1850."
},
{
"section_header": "1850 Fugitive Slave Act",
"text": "the law of 1850 aroused much bitterness."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War-era legal status of fugitive slaves",
"text": "By the congressional Act Prohibiting the Return of Slaves of March 13, 1862, any slave of a disloyal master who was in territory occupied by Northern troops was declared ipso facto free."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Compromise of 1850 entailed a series of laws that allowed enslavement in the new territories and forced officials in free states to give a hearing to slave-owners who enslaved people without a jury."
},
{
"section_header": "1785 attempt",
"text": "There were two attempts at implementing a fugitive slave law in the Congress of the Confederation in order to provide slave-owners who enslaved free people with a way of forcing enslavement onto free people."
}
] |
It took fourteen years for slaves to be fully free of the 1850 fugitive slave act, which was a poor measure to decrease abolitionists anyways, even in places that fought for the North.
| 1 | 4 |
Fugitive slave laws
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (French: Massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy) in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations and a wave of Catholic mob violence, directed against the Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants) during the French Wars of Religion."
}
] |
Kbveyz47q40xIqyAecaH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the religious factions",
"text": "According to Reuters and the Associated Press, at a late-night vigil, with the hundreds of thousands of young people who were in Paris for the celebrations, he made the following comments: \"On the eve of Aug. 24, we cannot forget the sad massacre of St. Bartholomew's Day, an event of very obscure causes in the political and religious history of France. ... Christians did things which the Gospel condemns."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the royal family",
"text": "Over the centuries, the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre has inevitably aroused a great deal of controversy."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "\"The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and the events surrounding it were incorporated into D.W. Griffith's film Intolerance (1916)."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the religious factions",
"text": "With these words, the most popular preacher in Paris legitimised in advance the events of St. Bartholomew's Day\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (French: Massacre de la Saint-Barthélemy) in 1572 was a targeted group of assassinations and a wave of Catholic mob violence, directed against the Huguenots (French Calvinist Protestants) during the French Wars of Religion."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "Who entitled The Massacre of St Bartholomew's Eve"
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "A Huguenot on St. Bartholomew's Day (1852), which depicts a Catholic woman attempting to convince her Huguenot lover to wear the white scarf badge of the Catholics and protect himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the royal family",
"text": "The Parisian St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre resulted from this conjunction of interests, and this offers a much better explanation as to why the men of the Duke of Anjou acted in the name of the Lieutenant General of the Kingdom, consistent with the thinking of the time, rather than in the name of the King."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural references",
"text": "Charles IX.The St Bartholomew's Day Massacre is the setting for Tim Willocks' historical novel, The Twelve Children of Paris (Matthias Tannhauser Trilogy:2) (2013), and Ken Follett's book A Column of Fire, published in 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretations | Role of the religious factions",
"text": "Holt, notable for re-emphasising the importance of religious issues, as opposed to political/dynastic power struggles or socio-economic tensions, in explaining the French Wars of Religion, also re-emphasised the role of religion in the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre."
}
] |
The St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre was perpetrated by Muslims and other Islamic elements, against Christian people in France.
| 0 | 0 |
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, US also ; German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] (listen); 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian-born composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter."
}
] |
Kbz9OxRIigaA4SBPOKnx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1901–1914: experimenting in atonality",
"text": "During the summer of 1910, Schoenberg wrote his Harmonielehre (Theory of Harmony, Schoenberg 1922), which remains one of the most influential music-theory books."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "The second, 1908–1922, is typified by the abandonment of key centers, a move often described (though not by Schoenberg) as \"free atonality\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Schoenberg's approach, bοth in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of the 20th-century musical thought."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1901–1914: experimenting in atonality",
"text": "He was not completely cut off from the Vienna Conservatory, having taught a private theory course a year earlier."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Schoenberg's archival legacy is collected at the Arnold Schönberg Center in Vienna."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and legacy | Relationship with the general public",
"text": "Ben Earle (2003) found that Schoenberg, while revered by experts and taught to \"generations of students\" on degree courses, remained unloved by the public."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1901–1914: experimenting in atonality",
"text": "he was responsible for introducing many of Schoenberg's works, and Schoenberg himself, to Britain (as well as Webern, Berg and others)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many of Schoenberg's practices, including the formalization of compositional method and his habit of openly inviting audiences to think analytically, are echoed in avant-garde musical thought throughout the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Textbooks",
"text": "Theory of Harmony, English edition, translated by Roy E. Carter, based on the third edition of original, as Theory of Harmony."
},
{
"section_header": "Textbooks",
"text": "2010. Theory of Harmony, 100th Anniversary Edition."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, US also ; German: [ˈʃøːnbɛɐ̯k] (listen); 13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian-born composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter."
}
] |
Arnold Schoenberg was a scientist that founded the theory, Schoenberg's cat, a thought experiment, sometimes described as a paradox.
| 0 | 4 |
Arnold Schoenberg
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "Hanks is a collector of manual typewriters and uses them almost daily."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "A supporter of NASA's manned space program, Hanks said he originally wanted to be an astronaut."
}
] |
Kc3TLFI8QZP1RUBFhlaq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Writings",
"text": "Hanks wrote a collection of short stories inspired by his typewriter collection, Uncommon Type, which was published in 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "Hanks is a collector of manual typewriters and uses them almost daily."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "A supporter of NASA's manned space program, Hanks said he originally wanted to be an astronaut."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "He also produced the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon about the Apollo program to send astronauts to the moon."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Other activities",
"text": "In August 2014, Hanks released Hanx Writer, an iOS app meant to emulate the experience of using a typewriter; within days the free app reached number one on the App Store."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While Hanks's family religious history was Catholic and Mormon, he has characterized his teenage self as being a \"Bible-toting evangelical\" for several years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2004–present: Later critical acclaim",
"text": "Revolving around four friends who make a voyage to the moon, the short story is titled after the Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Despite being a fan of the Oakland Athletics and the Raiders when they were based in Oakland, Hanks stated in April 2017 he would boycott the NFL for two years after the Raiders filed for relocation to Las Vegas."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1988–2003: Established star",
"text": "Hanks and Tracy were the same age at the time they received their Academy Awards: 37 for the first and 38 for the second.)Hanks's next role as astronaut and commander Jim Lovell in the 1995 film Apollo 13 reunited him with Ron Howard."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2004–present: Later critical acclaim",
"text": "In Saving Mr. Banks, co-starring Emma Thompson and directed by John Lee Hancock, he played Walt Disney, being the first actor to portray Disney in a mainstream film."
}
] |
Hanks had an interest in being an astronaut and he collects old typewriters.
| 0 | 0 |
Tom Hanks
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "His father is of half Puerto Rican and half Ashkenazi Jewish descent (from Ukraine and Hungary), and is originally from Brooklyn, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "His mother emigrated from the Philippines to Hawaii as a child, and was of Filipina, and some Spanish, ancestry."
}
] |
KcKSoXpbcxvS8x7DtkhL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style and themes",
"text": "Mars possesses a three octave tenor vocal range."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "Mars is one of six children and came from a musical family which exposed him to a diverse mix of music genres, including reggae, rock, hip hop, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "His father is of half Puerto Rican and half Ashkenazi Jewish descent (from Ukraine and Hungary), and is originally from Brooklyn, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "His father's various businesses, that ranged from temporary-tattoo parlor to memorabilia shops, failed."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Showmanship",
"text": "\" she had witnessed in a long time and noticed the concert attracted a wide-ranging audience of all age groups."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is known for his stage performances, retro showmanship, and for performing in a wide range of musical styles, including pop, R&B, funk, soul, reggae, hip hop, and rock."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style and themes",
"text": "Jim Farber of the New York Daily News praised Mars's voice due to \"the purity, cream and range of mid-period Michael Jackson\" in a review of a concert promoting Unorthodox Jukebox."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style and themes",
"text": "Jon Caramanica of The New York Times commented that he is one of the most \"versatile and accessible singers in pop, with a light, soul-influenced voice that's an easy fit in a range of styles, a universal donor\", while Tim Sendra from AllMusic described Mars's vocals on Doo-Wops & Hooligans as \"the kind of smooth instrument that slips into your ear like honey.\" Jody Rosen from Rolling Stone called Mars a \"nimble, soulful vocalist\" on Unorthodox Jukebox."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Endorsements",
"text": "In 2011, Mars appears in two commercials for Bench as part of their clothing line \"Bench On Mars\" and \"Bruno Mars Gets Khaki in Bench\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "However, Mars never waivered."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "His mother emigrated from the Philippines to Hawaii as a child, and was of Filipina, and some Spanish, ancestry."
}
] |
Mars has a mixed heritage that ranges from Jewish to Filipino.
| 4 | 6 |
Bruno Mars
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"While Wilson's combativeness and excessive alcohol consumption made him one of the most colorful sports personalities of his era, his drinking and fighting undoubtedly contributed to a premature end to his athletic career and, ultimately, his premature death."
}
] |
KcmTQzB7U2JJAFuUD8ov
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Lewis Robert Wilson was born April 26, 1900, in the Pennsylvania steel mill town of Ellwood City, north of Pittsburgh."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lewis Robert \"Hack\" Wilson (April 26, 1900 – November 23, 1948) was an American Major League Baseball player who played 12 seasons for the New York Giants, Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "A Martinsburg street is named Hack Wilson Way in his honor, and the access road to a large city park within his home town, Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, is known as Hack Wilson Drive."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "A granite tombstone was unveiled, with the inscription, \"One of Baseball's Immortals, Lewis R. (Hack) Wilson, Rests Here."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "His mother, Jennie Kaughn, 16, was an unemployed drifter from Philadelphia; his father, Robert Wilson, 24, was a steel worker."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Lewis left school to take a job at a locomotive factory, swinging a sledge hammer for four dollars a week."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | New York Giants",
"text": "\"During the 1925 World Series — between the Senators and the Pittsburgh Pirates — Wilson's son, Robert, was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "Though the accident did not appear serious at first, pneumonia and other complications developed and he died of internal hemorrhaging on November 23, 1948, at the age of 48.Wilson — once the highest-paid player in the National League — died penniless; his son, Robert, refused to claim his remains."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Glory years with the Cubs",
"text": "There was nothing to gain, Wilson said, by fighting a defeated boxer."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Glory years with the Cubs",
"text": "The fan sued Wilson for $20,000, but a jury ruled in his favor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"While Wilson's combativeness and excessive alcohol consumption made him one of the most colorful sports personalities of his era, his drinking and fighting undoubtedly contributed to a premature end to his athletic career and, ultimately, his premature death."
}
] |
Lewis Robert "Hack" Wilson was known for being inebriated and belligerent.
| 0 | 0 |
Hack Wilson
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In antiquity, Pythagoras was credited with many mathematical and scientific discoveries, including the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the Theory of Proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, and the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus."
}
] |
KdLBuYXh7Skyge0d0Hc4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Family and friends",
"text": "Porphyry writes that Pythagoras had two sons named Telauges and Arignote, and a daughter named Myia, who \"took precedence among the maidens in Croton and, when a wife, among married women."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "A late source gives Pythagoras's mother's name as Pythaïs."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Family and friends",
"text": "Diogenes Laërtius records Milo's wife's name as Myia."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Pythagoras's name led him to be associated with Pythian Apollo (Pūthíā); Aristippus of Cyrene in the 4th century BC explained his name by saying, \"He spoke [ἀγορεύω, agoreúō] the truth"
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Family and friends",
"text": "This association may been the result of confusion with a different man named Pythagoras, who was an athletics trainer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Family and friends",
"text": "\" Iamblichus mentions none of these children and instead only mentions a son named Mnesarchus after his grandfather."
},
{
"section_header": "Legends",
"text": "When Pythagoras crossed the river Kosas (the modern-day Basento), \"several witnesses\" reported that they heard it greet him by name."
},
{
"section_header": "Later influence in antiquity | In early Christianity",
"text": "Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430 AD) rejected Pythagoras's teaching of metempsychosis without explicitly naming him, but otherwise expressed admiration for him."
},
{
"section_header": "Attributed discoveries | In mathematics",
"text": "Pythagoras's biographers state that he also was the first to identify the five regular solids and that he was the first to discover the Theory of Proportions."
},
{
"section_header": "Attributed discoveries | In mathematics",
"text": "According to a popular legend, after he discovered this theorem, Pythagoras sacrificed an ox, or possibly even a whole hecatomb, to the gods."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In antiquity, Pythagoras was credited with many mathematical and scientific discoveries, including the Pythagorean theorem, Pythagorean tuning, the five regular solids, the Theory of Proportions, the sphericity of the Earth, and the identity of the morning and evening stars as the planet Venus."
}
] |
The mathematical method that bears his name was not discovered by him but simply named after him.
| 0 | 3 |
Pythagoras
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The song was popular in the Union during the American Civil War."
}
] |
KelvAqtjtzNX0FXUYjVO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | First public performance",
"text": "The American Civil War had begun the previous month."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The song was popular in the Union during the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | Creation of other versions",
"text": "Other versions include the \"Marching song of the 4th Battalion of Rifles, 13th Reg., Massachusetts Volunteers\" and the \"Kriegslied der Division Blenker\", written for the Blenker Division, a group of German soldiers who had participated in the European revolutions of 1848/49 and fought for the Union in the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Other related texts",
"text": "The tune was later also used for \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\" (written in November 1861, published in February 1862; this song was directly inspired by \"John Brown's Body\"), \"Marching Song of the First Arkansas,\" \"The Battle Hymn of Cooperation,\" \"Bummers, Come and Meet Us\" (see facsimile), and many other related texts and parodies during and immediately after the American Civil War period."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the tune",
"text": "If so, that sub-text was considerably enhanced and expanded as the various \"John Brown\" lyrics took on themes related to the famous abolitionist and the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | Creation of other versions",
"text": "Once \"John Brown's Body\" became popular as a marching song, more literary versions of the \"John Brown\" lyrics were created for the \"John Brown\" tune."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"John Brown's Body\" (originally known as \"John Brown's Song\") is a United States marching song about the abolitionist John Brown."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the tune",
"text": "The tune and variants of the \"Say, brothers\" hymn text were popular in southern camp meetings, with both African-American and white worshipers, throughout the early 1800s, spread predominantly through Methodist and Baptist camp meeting circuits."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | First public performance",
"text": "Newspapers reported troops singing the song as they marched in the streets of Boston on July 18, 1861, and there was a \"rash\" of broadside printings of the song with substantially the same words as the undated \"John Brown Song!\" broadside, stated by Kimball to be the first published edition, and the broadside with music by C. S. Marsh copyrighted on July 16, 1861, also published by C.S. Hall (see images displayed on this page)."
},
{
"section_header": "History of the text of \"John Brown's Body\" | Other claims of authorship | Other claimants",
"text": "\" \"Shoo, Fly Don't Bother Me,\" and \"When Johnny Comes Marching Home,\"—and to have played a role in the composition of Swanee River.) In the late 1800s, during the song's height of popularity, a number of other authors claimed to have played a part in the origin of the song."
}
] |
John Brown's Body is a marching song that was favored throughout the American Civil War.
| 3 | 6 |
John Brown's Body
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early gas lights were ignited manually, but many later designs are self-igniting."
}
] |
Kf2xqii7MrGKgMvZi4He
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "The Park Estate in Nottingham retains much of its original character, including the original gas lighting network."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "The village of Riverside, Illinois, still uses its original gas street lights that are an original feature of the Frederick Law Olmsted planned community."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use",
"text": "Gaslight was the leading cause of behavior change in theaters."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Public illumination preceded the discovery and adoption of gaslight by centuries."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In coal mining, accumulating and escaping gases were known originally for their adverse effects rather than their useful qualities."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern outdoor usage",
"text": "South Orange, New Jersey, has adopted the gaslight as the symbol of the town, and uses them on nearly all streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Early gas lights were ignited manually, but many later designs are self-igniting."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "The new system by inventor Thomas Edison was designed to function similar to gas lighting."
},
{
"section_header": "Decline",
"text": "This time period also saw the development of the first electric power utility designed for indoor use."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical use | Types of lighting instruments",
"text": "In the 20th century, it enabled better and safer theater productions, with no smell, relatively very little heat, and more freedom for designers."
}
] |
Gaslight original designs self-ignited.
| 0 | 0 |
Gaslight
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Leo Molitor (born August 22, 1956), nicknamed \"Molly\" and"
}
] |
KfXNFtnjQQsLpeznbYKk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Near the end of the streak, columnist Mike Downey wrote that \"the amazing thing about Paul Molitor's recent bat-o-rama is not that he has hit in 33 straight games but that he has played in 33 straight games."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Cretin High School, he was selected in the 28th round of the 1974 free agent draft as a pitcher by the St. Louis Cardinals, but opted instead to attend college at the University of Minnesota."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Molitor was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Leo Molitor (born August 22, 1956), nicknamed \"Molly\" and"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molitor grew up in Minnesota and attended the University of Minnesota before beginning his MLB career."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "During his Hall of Fame induction speech, Molitor mentioned his difficult family relationships; the divorce from Linda caused such hard feelings that his ex-wife and daughter almost did not attend his induction ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor struggled with injuries for much of his early career, being placed on the disabled list six times between 1980 and 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Molitor also remains the last MLB player to drive in 100 or more runs in a season while hitting fewer than 10 home runs ("
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "You find a positive in it. It makes you appreciate the things that are good.\" He claims to have stopped using drugs in 1981, and has since visited schools to lecture about the dangers of drug use."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Ignitor\", is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player and former manager of the Minnesota Twins, who is in the Baseball Hall of Fame."
}
] |
Paul Molitor was called "Scout" as a kid by his friends and family because he dreamed of being scouted by the MLB straight out of high school.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul Molitor
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first published serially in the journal The Russian Messenger in 1868–69."
}
] |
Kg5yZL8OJ3hK1VgjANE1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Style | Temporality",
"text": "Dostoevsky's notebooks for The Idiot during the time of its serial publication clearly indicate that he never knew what successive installments would contain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first published serially in the journal The Russian Messenger in 1868–69."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "French and English translations were published in 1887, and a German translation in 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "He was contracted by Mosfilm to write a screenplay in 1983, but production halted after he announced his intent never to return to the Soviet Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "BBC Radio 7 broadcast a 4-episode adaptation of The Idiot entitled Fyodor Dostoevsky's The Idiot, in June 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "English translations",
"text": "Since The Idiot was first published in Russian, there have been a number of translations into English, including those by: Frederick Whishaw (1887) Constance Garnett (1913) Revised by Anna Brailovsky (2003) Eva Martin (1915) David Magarshack (1955) John W. Strahan (1965) Henry Carlisle and Olga Andreyeva Carlisle (1980) Alan Myers (1992) Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (2002) David McDuff (2004) Ignat Avsey ("
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Atheism and Christianity in Russia",
"text": "Dostoevsky's personal image of Christian faith, formed prior to his philosophical engagement with Orthodoxy but never abandoned, was one that emphasized the human need for belief in the immortality of the soul, and identified Christ with ideals of \"beauty, truth, brotherhood and Russia\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Critical reception of The Idiot at the time of its publication in Russia was almost uniformly negative."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Tarkovsky's other films, such as Stalker, incorporate many themes from The Idiot."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Nonetheless, in January 1868 the first chapters of The Idiot were sent off to The Russian Messenger."
}
] |
The Idiot was never published in the newspaper.
| 2 | 7 |
The Idiot
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Lowood Institution",
"text": "At Lowood Institution, a school for poor and orphaned girls, Jane soon finds that life is harsh."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Lowood Institution",
"text": "Many students fall ill when a typhus epidemic strikes; Helen dies of consumption in Jane's arms."
}
] |
KgVMZYrJd8T9QcNjrxcw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Thornfield Hall",
"text": "After six years as a student and two as a teacher at Lowood, Jane decides to leave in pursuit of a new life, growing bored of her life at Lowood."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Proposals",
"text": "They live together in an old house in the woods called Ferndean Manor."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 1",
"text": "Eliza Reed: Jane's thirteen-year-old first cousin."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 1",
"text": "Georgiana Reed: Jane's eleven-year-old first cousin."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 1",
"text": "As the final chapter of the novel states that she has been married to Edward Rochester for ten years, she is approximately thirty at its completion."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 28",
"text": "He wants Jane to marry him and serve as his assistant on his missionary journey to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 1",
"text": "John Reed: Jane's fourteen-year-old first cousin who bullies her incessantly, sometimes in his mother's presence."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Thornfield Hall",
"text": "She then writes to her Uncle John, telling him of her happy news."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Chapter 1",
"text": "Though facially plain, Jane is passionate and strongly principled, and values freedom and independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Gateshead Hall",
"text": "Jane Eyre, aged 10, lives at Gateshead Hall with her maternal uncle's family, the Reeds, as a result of her uncle's dying wish."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Lowood Institution",
"text": "At Lowood Institution, a school for poor and orphaned girls, Jane soon finds that life is harsh."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Lowood Institution",
"text": "Many students fall ill when a typhus epidemic strikes; Helen dies of consumption in Jane's arms."
}
] |
Jane Eyre is a happy, feel-good book about a ten year old girl's life journey, learning to be independent and live her dream.
| 0 | 0 |
Jane Eyre
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship."
}
] |
KgqevhZKuf1j9O26wZZw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Toward the end of his career, he played about 2,000 innings at third base and about 1,175 innings in the outfield, excelling at both."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | Pennant races and outside interests (1951–1953)",
"text": "During the last game of the regular season, in the 13th inning, he had a hit to tie the game and then hit a home run in the 14th inning, which proved to be the winning margin."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers' 1955 World Series championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | World Championship and retirement (1954–1956)",
"text": "Robinson, then 37 years old, missed 49 games and did not play in Game 7 of the World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | World Championship and retirement (1954–1956)",
"text": "The following autumn, Robinson won his only championship when the Dodgers beat the New York Yankees in the 1955 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | World Championship and retirement (1954–1956)",
"text": "Robinson ended his major league career when he struck out to end Game 7 of the 1956 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Pasadena Junior College",
"text": "Robinson received a two-year suspended sentence, but the incident—along with other rumored run-ins between Robinson and police—gave Robinson a reputation for combativeness in the face of racial antagonism."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minor leagues",
"text": "Although Sandel induced Robinson to ground out at his first at bat, Robinson ended up with four hits in his five trips to the plate; his first hit was a three-run home run in the game's third inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "During his career, the Dodgers played in six World Series, and Robinson himself played in six All-Star Games."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Major leagues | MVP, Congressional testimony, and film biography (1948–1950)",
"text": "Ultimately, the Dodgers won the National League pennant, but lost in five games to the New York Yankees in the 1949 World Series."
}
] |
Robinson participated in 6 World Series in MLB.
| 0 | 3 |
Jackie Robinson
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Clothing brand",
"text": "The clothing line, 'Tattered and Torn', was launched by the band Slipknot in 2008 and runs as an imprint of Bravado, a company that runs the band's merchandising."
}
] |
KhgDfVlt8cu7BGkiOsU0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Clothing brand",
"text": "Currently the line is limited to shirts and hoodies but was expected to develop into a full-range clothing line."
},
{
"section_header": "Clothing brand",
"text": "The clothing line, 'Tattered and Torn', was launched by the band Slipknot in 2008 and runs as an imprint of Bravado, a company that runs the band's merchandising."
},
{
"section_header": "Clothing brand",
"text": "\" The first items from the clothing line went on sale in late July 2008 through Hot Topic stores across North America and the Hot Topic website."
},
{
"section_header": "Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram",
"text": "An essential element for the band's image is the Slipknot logo."
},
{
"section_header": "Image and identities | Slipknot logo and nonagram",
"text": "The nonagram is arguably the best-known sigil of Slipknot"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Slipknot and emergence (1998–2000)",
"text": "In early 2000, Slipknot was certified platinum; a first for an album released by Roadrunner Records."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Slipknot and emergence (1998–2000)",
"text": "Partway through the recording process of the album, Slipknot returned to Des Moines for the Christmas period."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Slipknot and emergence (1998–2000)",
"text": "The singles received some airplay, but Slipknot quickly developed a large following, mainly from touring and word of mouth."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Slipknot and emergence (1998–2000)",
"text": "Slipknot later recruited Jim Root to complete their lineup and the band returned to Malibu to continue work on the album."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Slipknot and emergence (1998–2000)",
"text": "Chris Fehn was brought in to replace Darner on percussion before Slipknot traveled to Malibu, California, to work on their debut album in September 1998."
}
] |
Slipknot has its own apparel line.
| 0 | 0 |
Slipknot (band)
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ibsen's model for Hedvig, especially her outward appearance, was a 13-year-old Italian-resident German girl he met in Gossensaß in the summer of 1884, Martha Kopf (born 1870), daughter of the sculptor Joseph von Kopf, who lived in Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ibsen wrote in a letter to his son Sigurd Ibsen: \"The German sculptor, Professor Kopf from Rome, has with him a 13-year-old daughter, who is the most excellent model for Hedvig that I could wish for; she is beautiful, has a serious face and personality, and is a little greedy."
}
] |
Khhpr8ahYKziZtxUYoY0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Paus and sister Hedvig Ibsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The character Old Ekdal is regarded by most Ibsen scholars as one of Ibsen's most important literary portraits of his father Knud Ibsen."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ibsen wrote in a letter to his son Sigurd Ibsen: \"The German sculptor, Professor Kopf from Rome, has with him a 13-year-old daughter, who is the most excellent model for Hedvig that I could wish for; she is beautiful, has a serious face and personality, and is a little greedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A 1983 film version in English by Tutte Lemkow, directed by Henri Safran, with the characters' names completely anglicized, starred Jeremy Irons and Liv Ullmann."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Gina Ekdal, his wife Hedvig, their daughter, aged fourteen"
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In old Ekdal's character, however, the poet looks at his father, \"the forlorn Knud Ibsen, in a conciliatory and compassionate way\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "No one can find a wound, and Relling has to examine the girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ibsen had previously portrayed his father as the characters \"Jon Gynt\" and \"Daniel Hejre\", where the son's judgment of his father's wastefulness was both harsh and bitter."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Høydalsmo Stave Church).The character Hedvig is named after the Paus family, where the Hedvig name had been passed on for generations, and more specifically after Ibsen's grandmother Hed(e)vig"
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ibsen's model for Hedvig, especially her outward appearance, was a 13-year-old Italian-resident German girl he met in Gossensaß in the summer of 1884, Martha Kopf (born 1870), daughter of the sculptor Joseph von Kopf, who lived in Rome."
}
] |
Henry Ibsen modeled the character of Hedvig on his sister.
| 0 | 0 |
The Wild Duck
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title of this poem means 'It is sweet and fitting'."
}
] |
KhjceJAumtUGft0AXPJo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The style of \"Dulce et Decorum est\" is similar to the French ballade poetic form."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The speaker of the poem describes the gruesome effects of the gas on the man and concludes that, if one were to see first-hand the reality of war, one might not repeat mendacious platitudes like dulce et decorum est pro patria mori: \" How sweet and honourable it is to die for one's country\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "In 1913, the line Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori was inscribed on the wall of the chapel of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Owen wrote a number of his most famous poems at Craiglockhart, including several drafts of \"Dulce et Decorum est\", \"Soldier's Dream\", and \"Anthem for Doomed Youth\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title of this poem means 'It is sweet and fitting'."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title and the Latin exhortation of the final two lines are drawn from the phrase \"Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori\" written by the Roman poet Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus): These words were well known and often quoted by supporters of the war near its inception and were, therefore, of particular relevance to soldiers of the era."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of Owen's most renowned works, the poem is known for its horrific imagery and condemnation of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Latin title is taken from Ode 3.2 (Valor) of the Roman poet Horace and means \"it is sweet and fitting\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is followed by pro patria mori, which means \"to die for one's country\"."
}
] |
Dulce Et Decorum Est means "It is sweet and fitting" and has vivid imagery of war.
| 1 | 4 |
Dulce Et Decorum Est
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1939, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and was the first MLB player to have his uniform number (4) retired by a team."
}
] |
KhtMbe6F6Lp012yxdHls
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1939, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and was the first MLB player to have his uniform number (4) retired by a team."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | Retirement",
"text": "Yankees retired Gehrig's uniform number \"4\", making him the first player in Major League Baseball history to be accorded that honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Lou Gehrig Memorial Award is given annually to the MLB player who best exhibits Gehrig's integrity and character."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939)",
"text": "Gehrig wore the number \"4\" because he hit behind Babe Ruth, who batted third in the lineup."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | Retirement",
"text": "Believing the idea was valid and the best thing to do, he wanted the appreciation day to be soon, and the Yankees proclaimed Tuesday, July 4, 1939, \"Lou Gehrig Appreciation Day\" at Yankee Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Records, awards, and accomplishments",
"text": "Sixty years after his farewell to baseball, Gehrig received the most votes of any baseball player on the Major League Baseball All-Century Team, chosen by fan balloting in 1999.In 1999 editors at Sporting News ranked Lou Gehrig sixth on their list of \"Baseball's 100 Greatest Players\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | Retirement",
"text": "Turning tearfully to Gehrig, the manager said, \"Lou, what else can I say except that it was a sad day in the life of everybody who knew you when you came into my hotel room that day in Detroit and told me you were quitting as a ballplayer because you felt yourself a hindrance to the team."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Following his retirement from baseball, Lou Gehrig wrote, \"Don't think I am depressed or pessimistic about my condition at present\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | \"The luckiest man on the face of the earth\"",
"text": "Having always avoided public attention, Gehrig did not want to speak, but the crowd chanted for him and he had memorized some sentences beforehand."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | Retirement",
"text": "\"Yankees Manager Joe McCarthy, struggling to control his emotions, then spoke of Lou Gehrig, with whom he had a close, almost father-and-son–like bond."
}
] |
Lou Gehrig was the second MLB player to have his uniform number (4) retired by a team.
| 3 | 5 |
Lou Gehrig
|
Science
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "The species Trichinella spiralis, commonly known as the 'trichina worm', occurs in rats, pigs, bears, and humans, and is responsible for the disease trichinosis."
}
] |
Ki8uWG9u7L9xUWJ8yq2h
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "The species Trichinella spiralis, commonly known as the 'trichina worm', occurs in rats, pigs, bears, and humans, and is responsible for the disease trichinosis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A third of the genera occur as parasites of vertebrates; about 35 nematode species occur in humans."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy | Digestive system",
"text": "In stylet-bearing species, these may even be injected into the prey."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "Baylisascaris usually infests wild animals, but can be deadly to humans, as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy | Digestive system",
"text": "The oral cavity is lined with cuticle, which is often strengthened with structures, such as ridges, especially in carnivorous species, which may bear a number of teeth."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "In contrast, entomopathogenic nematodes parasitize insects and are mostly considered beneficial by humans, but some attack beneficial insects."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy",
"text": "The mouth has either three or six lips, which often bear a series of teeth on their inner edges."
},
{
"section_header": "Parasitic species",
"text": "Nematodes that commonly parasitise humans include ascarids (Ascaris), filarias, hookworms, pinworms (Enterobius), and whipworms (Trichuris trichiura)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The location of towns would be decipherable since, for every massing of human beings, there would be a corresponding massing of certain nematodes."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Phylogeny",
"text": "Along with the Scalidophora (formerly Cephalorhyncha), the Nematoida form the clade Cycloneuralia, but much disagreement occurs both between and among the available morphological and molecular data."
}
] |
The species Trichinella occurs in rats, pigs, bears , and humans.
| 0 | 7 |
Nematoda
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime."
}
] |
KiW7RbWotJXlP7oPIsu3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background and title",
"text": "This idea, first suggested by Orwell's US publisher, seems far too cute for such a serious book."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was published on 8 June 1949 by Secker & Warburg as Orwell's ninth and final book completed in his lifetime."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "1985 parodies many of the main scenes in Orwell's novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Nationalism",
"text": "Nineteen Eighty-Four expands upon the subjects summarised in Orwell's essay"
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "In 1970, the American rock group Spirit released the song \"1984\" based on Orwell's novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Before the album was made, Bowie's management (MainMan) had planned for Bowie and Tony Ingrassia (MainMan's creative consultant) to co-write and direct a musical production of Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, but Orwell's widow refused to give MainMan the rights."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "The book also shows mass media as a catalyst for the intensification of destructive emotions and violence."
},
{
"section_header": "Sources for literary motifs",
"text": "[Orwell's sometime publisher] who had put their faith in a strategy of construction Popular Front governments and the peace bloc between Russia, Britain and France."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Doublespeak and groupthink are both deliberate elaborations of doublethink, and the adjective \"Orwellian\" means similar to Orwell's writings, especially Nineteen Eighty-Four."
},
{
"section_header": "World in novel | Living standards",
"text": "\" The Book\" indicates that is because the middle class, not the lower class, traditionally starts revolutions."
}
] |
It was Orwell's 10th book.
| 1 | 8 |
Nineteen Eighty-Four
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Bolton, Massachusetts, Robinson was a catcher in the minor New England League in 1885 and made it to the major leagues in 1886 with the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, where he remained until 1890."
}
] |
Kj7nH2JcgriMjiAmj4bb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Robinson was manager when Al López started out as a catcher in the majors."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wilbert Robinson (June 29, 1864 – August 8, 1934), nicknamed \"Uncle Robbie\", was an American catcher, coach and manager in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Bolton, Massachusetts, Robinson was a catcher in the minor New England League in 1885 and made it to the major leagues in 1886 with the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, where he remained until 1890."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He lasted in the majors until 1902, playing much of his career with two separate Baltimore Orioles franchises – from 1890 to 1899 with the Orioles team which folded after the 1899 National League season, and in 1901–02 with the American League team which moved to New York City in 1903 and became the Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Robinson would not don the manager's cap again in the majors until 1914, when he took over the Brooklyn franchise in the National League."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Over the course of his career, Robinson played 1,316 games as a catcher, which prepared him for his second baseball career as a manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "A highlight of his career was a seven-hit game June 10, 1892."
},
{
"section_header": "American League Orioles",
"text": "Couldn't he have made some of them against Giants manager McGraw?\") Robinson and McGraw joined as business partners in the Baltimore Orioles, a team that would debut in the new American League (AL) in 1901."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The star catcher of the Orioles dynasty which won three straight titles from 1894 to 1896, he compiled a career batting average of .273, with a peak of .353 in the heavy-hitting season of 1894."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "Robinson's brother, Fred Robinson, also played briefly in the majors, appearing in 3 games for the 1884 Cincinnati Outlaw Reds of the Union Association."
}
] |
Wilbert Robinson started his career in the Major League in the 1880's.
| 0 | 3 |
Wilbert Robinson
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bronze Horseman (Russian: Медный всадник, literally \"copper horseman\") is an equestrian statue of Peter the Great in the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg, Russia."
}
] |
KjrnfQY58d3tBoFZkY1h
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "Due to the popularity of his work, the statue came to be called the \"Bronze Horseman\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "Catherine largely forgot about him afterwards, and came to see the Bronze Horseman as her own oeuvre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bronze Horseman (Russian: Медный всадник, literally \"copper horseman\") is an equestrian statue of Peter the Great in the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg, Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "It took 12 years, from 1770 to 1782, to create the Bronze Horseman, including pedestal, horse and rider."
},
{
"section_header": "Siege of Leningrad",
"text": "A 19th-century legend states that while the Bronze Horseman stands in the middle of Saint Petersburg, enemy forces will not be able to conquer the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "The Bronze Horseman is the title of a poem written by Aleksandr Pushkin in 1833, widely considered to be one of the most significant works of Russian literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Thunder Stone",
"text": "Falconet wanted to work on shaping the stone in its original location, but Catherine ordered it be moved before being cut."
},
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "Evgenii curses the statue, furious at Peter the Great for founding a city in such an unsuitable location and indirectly causing the death of his beloved."
},
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "Coming to life, the horseman chases Evgenii through the city."
},
{
"section_header": "Thunder Stone",
"text": "He developed a metallic sledge that slid over bronze spheres"
}
] |
The Bronze Horseman is located in Paris.
| 1 | 3 |
The Bronze Horseman
|
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