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Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Elements | Shakespearean influence",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy has commonly been called \"Hamlet on Harleys\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Shakespearean influence",
"text": "\" Ron Perlman believed they were \"going to stick to the structure of Hamlet all the way to the end (of the series).\"Numerous episode titles refer to Hamlet including: Season 1, Episode 9, \"Hell Followed\"."
}
] |
U7I9o40SYgOEdxTsBuG1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Love, brotherhood, loyalty, betrayal, and redemption are consistent themes throughout the show."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy is an American crime drama television series created by Kurt Sutter that aired from 2008 to 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception | Season four",
"text": "TIME said the fourth season was the strongest since season two, but the show needed to end sooner rather than later."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Another video game based on Sons of Anarchy was announced in February 2014, confirmed for mobile platforms in August, and the name Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect revealed in December of that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect was an episodic adventure video game developed by Silverback Games and published by Orpheus Interactive."
},
{
"section_header": "Other media | Sons of Anarchy: The Prospect",
"text": "A Sons of Anarchy game was originally planned to be developed by a studio of Rockstar Games for PC and console platforms, but was canceled shortly after in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview",
"text": "Each season involved parallel plot lines that intertwine and overlap, centering on both the personal and family life of Jackson \"Jax\" Teller (Charlie Hunnam) and on SAMCRO (Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club, Redwood Original)."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Soundtracks",
"text": "The first five-song EP, entitled Sons of Anarchy: North Country – EP, was released on September 8, 2009 and featured the full version of the Emmy Award nominated theme song \"This Life\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Series overview | Season 1 (2008)",
"text": "Jax's best friend Opie has just been released from prison for serving time for a club-related crime."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception | Season three",
"text": "He also commented that the series handled themes of loyalty and family especially well."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Shakespearean influence",
"text": "Sons of Anarchy has commonly been called \"Hamlet on Harleys\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Elements | Shakespearean influence",
"text": "\" Ron Perlman believed they were \"going to stick to the structure of Hamlet all the way to the end (of the series).\"Numerous episode titles refer to Hamlet including: Season 1, Episode 9, \"Hell Followed\"."
}
] |
A theme of the television show Sons of Anarchy relates directly to a classic play about tragic young love that ends in death for both the boy and the girl.
| 1 | 5 |
Sons of Anarchy
|
Technology
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was started in 1998 as an e-mail service and went on to become a major corporate figure in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet."
}
] |
U7NRgbe8V2Ez0pN1YsQp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of 2013 according to comScore, websites owned by Mail.ru collectively had the largest audience in Russia and captured the most screen time."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The business was originally owned by Port.ru, a company founded in 1998 by Eugene Goland, Michael Zaitsev and Alexey Krivenkov as spin-off from DataArt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was started in 1998 as an e-mail service and went on to become a major corporate figure in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At the end of 2012, Mail.ru Group bought the Ukrainian email service mail.ua and the registration of email addresses using this domain started on 23 April 2013.On 03 October 2016, Mail.ru announced that they had acquired 100% of the game developer Pixonic's shares."
}
] |
Mail.Ru originally started as a dating website.
| 1 | 8 |
Mail.Ru
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eilleen Twain OC (eye-LEEN) (born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965), known professionally as Shania Twain, is a Canadian singer and songwriter."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Twain was born Eilleen Regina Edwards in Windsor, Ontario, on August 28, 1965, to Sharon (née Morrison) and Clarence Edwards."
}
] |
U7iQ9s1oGkCgt5mFJyZJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "During this time, she changed her name to Shania, which was said to be an Ojibwa word which means \"on my way.\" However, Twain's biographer, Robin Eggar, writes: \"There is a continuing confusion about what 'Shania' means and if indeed it is an Ojibwe word or phrase at all. ... There is no mispronounced or misheard phrase in either Ojibwe or Cree that comes close to meaning 'on my way.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "Yet the legend of her name continues to be repeated in the media to this day."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Twain was born Eilleen Regina Edwards in Windsor, Ontario, on August 28, 1965, to Sharon (née Morrison) and Clarence Edwards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eilleen Twain OC (eye-LEEN) (born Eilleen Regina Edwards; August 28, 1965), known professionally as Shania Twain, is a Canadian singer and songwriter."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours",
"text": "In 2016, Twain was declared the \"Artist of a Lifetime\" by CMT and was given a special award during the 2016 Artists of the Year ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "\"she's on the way\". Twain's self-titled debut album was released in 1993 in North America and garnered her audiences outside Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "While Shania Twain only reached No. 67 on the US Country Albums Chart, it gained positive reviews from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "It is therefore possible that someone with an imperfect knowledge of the Ojibwe language created Shania with the incorrect idea it would mean"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "Several years later, when Twain's siblings moved out on their own, she assembled a demo tape of her songs and her Huntsville manager set up a showcase for her to present her material to record executives."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1993–1994: Shania Twain",
"text": "However, Twain's future success generated enough interest for the album to be certified platinum six years later by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over 1 million."
}
] |
Shania Twain's given name was Sandra Edwards.
| 2 | 4 |
Shania Twain
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "In 85 BC, Caesar's father died suddenly, so Caesar was the head of the family at 16."
}
] |
U7thjkCWCzgi1xTg2SO0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | Family",
"text": "Posthumously adopted: Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, his great-nephew by blood (grandson of Julia, his sister), who later became Emperor Augustus."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | The name Gaius Julius Caesar",
"text": "The title became Kaiser in German and Tsar or Czar in the Slavic languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | The name Gaius Julius Caesar",
"text": "Caesar's cognomen itself became a title; it was promulgated by the Bible, which contains the famous verse \"Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Consulship and military campaigns",
"text": "At the instigation of Pompey and his father-in-law Piso, Transalpine Gaul (southern France) was added later after the untimely death of its governor, giving him command of four legions."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | The name Gaius Julius Caesar",
"text": "With the evolution of the Romance languages, the affricate [ts] became a fricative [s] (thus, [ˈseːsar]) in many regional pronunciations, including the French one, from which the modern English pronunciation is derived."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | The name Gaius Julius Caesar",
"text": "This means that for almost two thousand years after Julius Caesar's assassination, there was at least one head of state bearing his name."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | The name Gaius Julius Caesar",
"text": "In Greek, during Caesar's time, his family name was written Καίσαρ (Kaísar), reflecting its contemporary pronunciation."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | Family",
"text": "Julia MinorWivesFirst marriage to Cornelia (Cinnilla), from 84 BC until her death in 69 or 68 BC"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Name and family | Family",
"text": "ParentsFather Gaius Julius Caesar the Elder (proconsul of Asia in 90s BC) Mother Aurelia (one of the Aurelii Cottae)SistersJulia Major"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historiography",
"text": "Many rulers in history became interested in the historiography of Caesar."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "In 85 BC, Caesar's father died suddenly, so Caesar was the head of the family at 16."
}
] |
After an untimely death of his dad, Julius Caesar became the leader of his family as a teenager.
| 0 | 0 |
Julius Caesar
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe."
}
] |
U9JtVw08VflL72GmdQcw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "1710–1716: Sweden and Northern Germany",
"text": "Charles was then at war with much of Northern Europe, and Stralsund was doomed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "1702–1710: Russia and the Baltic provinces",
"text": "After years of marches and fighting around Poland he finally had to invade Augustus' hereditary Saxony to take him out of the war."
},
{
"section_header": "1716–1718: Norway",
"text": "This resulted in Great Britain declaring war on Sweden in 1717."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The formal conclusion of the Great Northern War came with the Swedish-Hanoverian and Swedish-Prussian Treaties of Stockholm (1719), the Dano-Swedish Treaty of Frederiksborg (1720), and the Russo-Swedish Treaty of Nystad (1721)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "During the Thirty Years' War Sweden gained tracts in Germany as well, including Western Pomerania, Wismar, the Duchy of Bremen, and Verden."
},
{
"section_header": "1719–1721: Sweden",
"text": "One group headed for the coast of Uppland, the second to the vicinity of Stockholm, and the last to coast of Södermanland."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Russian fortunes began to reverse in the final years of the 17th century, notably with the rise to power of Peter the Great, who looked to address the earlier losses and re-establish a Baltic presence."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The remaining Swedish forces in plague-stricken areas south and east of the Baltic Sea were evicted, with the last city, Riga, falling in 1710."
},
{
"section_header": "1710–1716: Sweden and Northern Germany",
"text": ", Brandenburg-Prussia openly joined the coalition by declaring war on Sweden in the summer of 1715."
}
] |
The Great Northern War lasted 11 years.
| 0 | 0 |
Great Northern War
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Hurt began his career in stage productions, only later acting in films."
}
] |
U9MuPn3dZiAgGB7TnMeE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"Hurt has four children: one with Jennings, two with Heidi Henderson, and one with French actress, film director and screenwriter Sandrine Bonnaire."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Hurt began his career in stage productions, only later acting in films."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He received the Best Male Performance Prize at the Cannes Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Actor for Kiss of the Spider Woman in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurt remained an active stage actor throughout the 1980s, appearing in Off-Broadway productions including Henry V, Fifth of July, Richard II and A Midsummer Night's Dream."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His first major film role was in the science-fiction film Altered States where his performance as an obsessed scientist gained him wide recognition."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt dated Marlee Matlin for one year, and they cohabited for two years."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He studied at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He has received three additional Oscar nominations: Best Actor for Children of a Lesser God (1986) and Broadcast News (1987; he was thus nominated for Best Actor for three consecutive years) and Best Supporting Actor for A History Of Violence (2005)."
}
] |
William Hurt is an actor who has performed on stage and in films.
| 1 | 3 |
William Hurt
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined)."
}
] |
U9vhKczwDje8ZnLWkBfy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "Those terms are that the prize shall be given \"for the American novel published during the year which shall best present the wholesome atmosphere of American life, and the highest standard of American manners and manhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "Arrowsmith was awarded the 1926 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, but Lewis declined the award."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "The New York Times reported that according to observers, the real reason was that Lewis was still upset that Main Street did not win the prize in 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "In a letter to the committee, he wrote: I wish to acknowledge your choice of my novel Arrowsmith for the Pulitzer Prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "And the Pulitzer Prize for Novels is peculiarly objectionable because the terms of it have been constantly and grievously misrepresented."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined)."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Arrowsmith has been compared with The Citadel by A. J. Cronin (first published after Arrowsmith in 1937), which also deals with the life experiences of a young idealistic doctor who tries to challenge and improve the existing system of medical practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lewis was greatly assisted in its preparation by science writer Paul de Kruif, who received 25% of the royalties on sales, although Lewis was listed as the sole author."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "While on the island, he becomes romantically involved with a wealthy socialite whom he later marries."
}
] |
Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925, winning the Pulitzer Prize a year later.
| 0 | 0 |
Arrowsmith (novel)
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Culture and tourism",
"text": "The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) classifies the Palace of Westminster, along with neighbouring Westminster Abbey and St Margaret's, as a World Heritage Site."
}
] |
UAjOITIMFr2feoyxDARK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The House of Commons, which did not have a chamber of its own, sometimes held its debates in the Chapter House of Westminster Abbey."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and tourism",
"text": "The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) classifies the Palace of Westminster, along with neighbouring Westminster Abbey and St Margaret's, as a World Heritage Site."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "St Edward the Confessor, the penultimate Anglo-Saxon monarch of England, built a royal palace on Thorney Island just west of the City of London at about the same time as he built Westminster Abbey (1045–1050)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its name, which derives from the neighbouring Westminster Abbey, may refer to either of two structures: the Old Palace, a medieval building-complex destroyed by fire in 1834, or its replacement, the New Palace that stands today."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall, the oldest existing part of the Palace of Westminster, was erected in 1097 by King William II ('William Rufus'), at which point it was the largest hall in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Security | Incidents",
"text": "In October 2009, at least forty Greenpeace activists climbed to the roof of Westminster Hall to call for the adoption of policies combating climate change."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall has served numerous functions."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall has also served ceremonial functions."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "Calls for an entirely new palace went unheeded as instead more buildings of varying quality and style were added."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tsar Nicholas I of Russia called the new palace \"a dream in stone\"."
}
] |
The Palace of Westminster is sometimes called Westminster Abbey.
| 0 | 1 |
Palace of Westminster
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "The traditional Cuban meal is not served in courses; all food items are served at the same time."
}
] |
UBMDkTRBsWmUtaWhgDr0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Many of the meat dishes are cooked slowly with light sauces."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Cuban cuisine is a fusion of Spanish and Caribbean cuisines."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "The traditional Cuban meal is not served in courses; all food items are served at the same time."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Food rationing, which has been the norm in Cuba for the last four decades, restricts the common availability of these dishes."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Spanish colonization and rule (1492–1898)",
"text": "Its economy was based on serving the empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Cuban recipes share spices and techniques with Spanish cooking, with some Caribbean influence in spice and flavor."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "Black beans and rice, referred to as moros y cristianos (or moros for short), and plantains are staples of the Cuban diet."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cuisine",
"text": "The typical meal could consist of plantains, black beans and rice, ropa vieja (shredded beef), Cuban bread, pork with onions, and tropical fruits."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independence movements",
"text": "The United States declined to recognize the new Cuban government, although many European and Latin American nations did so."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Republic (1902–1959) | First years (1902–1925)",
"text": "In 1912, the Partido Independiente de Color attempted to establish a separate black republic in Oriente Province, but was suppressed by General Monteagudo with considerable bloodshed."
}
] |
Cuban cuisine is served in many separate dishes at intervals.
| 0 | 0 |
Cuba
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is in dactylic hexameter and contains 828 lines."
}
] |
UBy9MbpQJpbtgRMtCrQ9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Works and Days (Ancient Greek: Ἔργα καὶ Ἡμέραι, Erga kai Hēmerai) is a didactic poem written by the ancient Greek poet Hesiod around 700 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "pp. 147–63. Peabody, Berkley, The Winged Word: A Study in the Technique of Ancient Greek Oral Composition as Seen Principally Through Hesiod's Works and Days, State University of New York Press, 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "He predicts that Zeus will destroy his race, too, when men are born gray-haired and all moral and religious standards are ignored."
},
{
"section_header": "Select editions and translations | Translations",
"text": "English translation with introduction and facing Greek text."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Verdenius, Willem Jacob, A Commentary on Hesiod Works and Days vv."
},
{
"section_header": "Select editions and translations | Translations",
"text": "– English translation with introduction and facing Greek text."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Nisbet, Gideon, Hesiod, Works and Days: A Didaxis of Deconstruction?, Greece and Rome 51 (2004),"
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Bartlett, Robert C. \" An Introduction to Hesiod's Works and Days\", The Review of Politics 68 (2006), pp."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "The smaller bird was shrieking and crying, to which the hawk responded: Barron, J.P.; Easterling, P.E. (1985), \"Hesiod\", in P.E. Easterling; B.M.W. Knox (eds.), The Cambridge History of Classical Literature: Greek Literature, Cambridge, pp."
},
{
"section_header": "Select editions and translations | Critical editions",
"text": "Sinclair, T. A. (1932), Hesiod, Works and Days, London."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is in dactylic hexameter and contains 828 lines."
}
] |
The Works and Days is written in the standard meter for Greek poetic epics.
| 0 | 0 |
Works and Days
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He oversaw three pennant-winning St. Louis Cardinals teams, winning two World Series, and another pennant with the Boston Braves, the last National League title in Boston baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Southworth was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008."
}
] |
UC0fkQ8ovszvvZGI98Ej
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Southworth had a son, Billy Southworth Jr., and a cousin, Bill Southworth, who both played professional baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and playing career",
"text": "Billy Southworth Jr. later became a professional baseball player for several seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Southworth was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career as a manager",
"text": "Late in the season, Southworth received word that Billy Jr. had been accidentally shot by a neighbor in Columbus."
},
{
"section_header": "Later managerial career",
"text": "Sain and Southworth rarely spoke after 1948.During the following season, 1949, Boston struggled on the field and was in chaos off the diamond."
},
{
"section_header": "Later managerial career",
"text": "With Boston at 55–54 on August 16, Southworth turned the Braves over to coach Johnny Cooney for the remainder of 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career as a manager",
"text": "Southworth's managerial career began in 1928 with the Rochester Red Wings of the AA International League (IL), the top club in the Cardinals' farm system."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He oversaw three pennant-winning St. Louis Cardinals teams, winning two World Series, and another pennant with the Boston Braves, the last National League title in Boston baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also belongs to the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He is also a member of the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame."
}
] |
Billy Southworth played for the Boston Red Sox and a Hall of Famer.
| 0 | 0 |
Billy Southworth
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "With the assistance of the Italian merchant banker Lodovico della Fava and the Italian banker Girolamo Frescobaldi, Henry VII became deeply involved in the trade by licensing ships, obtaining alum from the Ottoman Empire, and selling it to the Low Countries and in England."
}
] |
UCLac96teWkmIsMYhxlM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "With the English economy heavily invested in wool production, Henry VII became involved in the alum trade in 1486."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "Henry VII was much enriched by trading alum, which was used in the wool and cloth trades as a chemical fixative for dyeing fabrics."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "With the assistance of the Italian merchant banker Lodovico della Fava and the Italian banker Girolamo Frescobaldi, Henry VII became deeply involved in the trade by licensing ships, obtaining alum from the Ottoman Empire, and selling it to the Low Countries and in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "This trade made an expensive commodity cheaper, which raised opposition from Pope Julius II, since the Tolfa mine was a part of papal territory and had given the Pope monopoly control over alum."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and memory",
"text": "In 1622 Francis Bacon published his History of the Reign of King Henry VII."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "Since alum was mined in only one area in Europe (Tolfa, Italy), it was a scarce commodity and therefore especially valuable to its land holder, the pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "In 1494, Henry embargoed trade (mainly in wool) with the Netherlands in retaliation for Margaret of Burgundy's support for Perkin Warbeck."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign",
"text": "Edward was the son of George, Duke of Clarence, and as such he presented a threat as a potential rival to the new King Henry VII for the throne of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign | Trade agreements",
"text": "The Merchant Adventurers, the company which enjoyed the monopoly of the Flemish wool trade, relocated from Antwerp to Calais."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry VII (Welsh: Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death."
}
] |
King Henry VII invested in trading alum.
| 1 | 3 |
Henry VII of England
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families."
}
] |
UCSl9KRx0YqcH7Q7F9Ve
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "On the night before the wedding, she takes the drug and, when discovered apparently dead, she is laid in the family crypt."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | 20th-century theatre | Ballet",
"text": "She introduced changes to the story, notably that of presenting the two families as multiracial."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | Love",
"text": "Right before her suicide, she grabs Romeo's dagger, saying \"O happy dagger!"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | 20th-century theatre",
"text": "A mock-Victorian revisionist version of Romeo and Juliet's final scene (with a happy ending, Romeo, Juliet, Mercutio, and Paris restored to life, and Benvolio revealing that he is Paris's love, Benvolia,"
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation | Dramatic structure",
"text": "Paris' love for Juliet also sets up a contrast between Juliet's feelings for him and her feelings for Romeo."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | Love",
"text": "in the Catholic religion, suicides were often thought to be condemned to hell, whereas people who die to be with their loves under the \"Religion of Love\" are joined with their loves in paradise."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The Prince, now having lost a kinsman in the warring families' feud, exiles Romeo from Verona, under penalty of death if he ever returns."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | Duality (light and dark)",
"text": "This paradox of imagery adds atmosphere to the moral dilemma facing the two lovers: loyalty to family or loyalty to love."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | Love",
"text": "Throughout the story, both Romeo and Juliet, along with the other characters, fantasise about it as a dark being, often equating it with a lover."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The families are reconciled by their children's deaths and agree to end their violent feud."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star-crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families."
}
] |
Romeo and Juliet is a love story about two teenagers who end up taking their own life to only have their families unite before their suicides.
| 0 | 0 |
Romeo and Juliet
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent."
},
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "The highest mountain on or adjacent to the Tropic of Cancer is Yu Shan in Taiwan; though it had glaciers descending as low as 2,800 metres (9,190 ft) during the Last Glacial Maximum, none survive and at present no glaciers exist within 470 kilometres (290 mi) of the Tropic of Cancer; the nearest currently surviving are the Minyong and Baishui in the Himalayas to the north and on Iztaccíhuatl to the south."
}
] |
UCwIi5AoDd19pCmfvxKV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, marking the most southerly position at which the Sun can be directly overhead, is the Tropic of Capricorn."
},
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "The highest mountain on or adjacent to the Tropic of Cancer is Yu Shan in Taiwan; though it had glaciers descending as low as 2,800 metres (9,190 ft) during the Last Glacial Maximum, none survive and at present no glaciers exist within 470 kilometres (290 mi) of the Tropic of Cancer; the nearest currently surviving are the Minyong and Baishui in the Himalayas to the north and on Iztaccíhuatl to the south."
},
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "Most regions on the Tropic of Cancer experience two distinct seasons: an extremely hot summer with temperatures often reaching 45 °C (113 °F) and a warm winter with maxima around 22 °C (72 °F)."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "During the winter solstice, there are 10 hours, 41 minutes of daylight."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "When this line of latitude was named in the last centuries BC, the Sun was in the constellation Cancer (Latin for crab) at the June solstice, the time each year that the Sun reaches its zenith at this latitude."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "Distance between Antarctic Circle and Tropic of Cancer is essentially constant as they move in tandem."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "The word \"tropic\" itself comes from the Greek \"trope (τροπή)\", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to \"turn back\" at the solstices."
},
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "Using 23°26'N for the Tropic of Cancer, the tropic passes through the following countries and territories starting at the prime meridian and heading eastward: Excluding cooler highland regions in China, the climate at the Tropic of Cancer is generally hot and dry except for easterly coastal areas where orographic rainfall can be very heavy, in some places reaching 4 metres (160 in) annually."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent."
}
] |
The Tropic of Cancer has the Sun directly overhead in the winter and it's highest mountain is in Taiwan.
| 0 | 0 |
Tropic of Cancer
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Secret Garden is a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett first published in book form in 1911, after serialization in The American Magazine (November 1910 – August 1911)."
}
] |
UDcKINSEKs1NsXLnGMGE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Parts of it were written during Burnett's visits to Buile Hill Park, Maytham Hall in Kent, England, where Burnett lived for a number of years during her marriage, is often cited as the inspiration for the book's setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in England, it is one of Burnett's most popular novels and seen as a classic of English children's literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Secret Garden is a novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett first published in book form in 1911, after serialization in The American Magazine (November 1910 – August 1911)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Burnett kept an extensive garden, including an impressive rose garden."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "This version was mainly black-and-white, with the sequences set in the restored garden filmed in Technicolor."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "However, this is only temporary: she is soon sent to England, to live with her wealthy hunchbacked uncle Archibald Craven (whom she has never met) at his isolated mansion Misselthwaite Manor on the Yorkshire Moors."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Theatre",
"text": "In 2020, the Scottish family theatre company Red Bridge Arts produced a retelling of the story set in modern-day Scotland, adapted by Rosalind Sydney."
}
] |
It is a movie by Frances Burnett that is set in England.
| 0 | 0 |
The Secret Garden
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Film version",
"text": "The movie earned mixed reviews, with a 60% \"fresh\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes."
}
] |
UE5UQ4r2oDYMQg7v4mWE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "The Bostonians is allegedly based on the novel \"The Evangelist,\" by Alphonse Daudet."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "The title refers, not to the people of Boston in general, but to the two characters Olive and Verena, \"as they appeared to the mind of Ransom, the southerner, and outsider, looking at them from New York.\" The Bostonians was not well received by contemporary critics, especially on the western side of the Atlantic."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "James himself once wrote an observation that The Bostonians had never, \"even to my much-disciplined patience, received any sort of justice."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "Albert Bigelow Paine wrote in his annotation, \"It is as easy to understand Mark Twain's enjoyment of Indian Summer as his revolt against Daniel Deronda and The Bostonians."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "Darrel Abel observes that when the novel was first published in Century Magazine in 1885, the people of Boston were very displeased: The Bostonians resented its satire upon their intellectual and humanitary aspirations."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "The Bostonians considered Miss Birdseye an insulting caricature of Miss Elizabeth Peabody, the sister-in-law of Hawthorne, associate of Alcott, and friend of Emerson, and therefore too sacrosanct a personage to be placed in a humorous light."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bostonians is a novel by Henry James, first published as a serial in The Century Magazine in 1885–1886 and then as a book in 1886."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Unlike much of James' work, The Bostonians deals with explicitly political themes: feminism and the general role of women in society."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "\"James bemoaned the adverse effect that this novel and The Princess Casamassima (published in the same year) had on his critical fortunes."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "Edmund Wilson wrote in 1938, in his book The Triple Thinkers: Ten Essays on Literature, \"The first hundred pages of The Bostonians, with the arrival of the young Southerner in Boston and his first contacts with the Boston reformers, is, in its way, one of the most masterly things that Henry James ever did.\" The quiet but significant struggle between Olive Chancellor and Basil Ransom does seem more pertinent and engrossing today than it might have appeared to 19th century readers, because it records the struggles of a historical period that has had, we can now see, a profound impact upon the kind of country America has become."
},
{
"section_header": "Film version",
"text": "The movie earned mixed reviews, with a 60% \"fresh\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes."
}
] |
The Bostonians got positive critics during its release.
| 0 | 0 |
The Bostonians
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Military service",
"text": "Because of McCarthy's various lies about his military heroism, his \"Tail-Gunner Joe\" nickname was sarcastically used as a term of mockery by his critics."
}
] |
UEJkKVyCMcCEP3WlegmG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Military service",
"text": "He volunteered to fly twelve combat missions as a gunner-observer, acquiring (or perhaps giving himself) the nickname \"Tail-Gunner Joe.\" McCarthy remained in the Marine Corps Reserve after the war, attaining the rank of major."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He volunteered to fly twelve combat missions as a gunner-observer, acquiring the nickname \"Tail-Gunner Joe\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "Bob Hope was one of the first comedians to make jokes about Senator Joe McCarthy."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | \"Enemies within\"",
"text": "\"There is some dispute about whether or not McCarthy actually gave the number of people on the list as being \"205\" or \"57\"."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Fame, notoriety, and personal life",
"text": "McCarthy sought to discredit his critics and political opponents by accusing them of being Communists or communist sympathizers."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "After being elected president, Eisenhower made it clear to those close to him that he did not approve of McCarthy and he worked actively to diminish his power and influence."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "Those who expected that party loyalty would cause McCarthy to tone down his accusations of Communists being harbored within the government were soon disappointed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some of his claims of heroism were later shown to be exaggerated or falsified, leading many of his critics to use \"Tail-Gunner Joe\" as a term of mockery."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Military service",
"text": "Because of McCarthy's various lies about his military heroism, his \"Tail-Gunner Joe\" nickname was sarcastically used as a term of mockery by his critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Senate campaign",
"text": "It was during this campaign that McCarthy started publicizing his war-time nickname \"Tail-Gunner Joe\", using the slogan, \"Congress needs a tail-gunner\"."
}
] |
Joe McCarthy exaggerated his Marine missions which changed the meaning of his nickname "Tail-Gunner Joe" from being a hero to being a joke.
| 1 | 1 |
Joe McCarthy
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "The poem contains elements thought to be autobiographical, as Byron generated some of the storyline from experience gained during his travels through Portugal, the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea between 1809 and 1811."
}
] |
UFunAUvrohPQJcflscnh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence | The Byronic hero",
"text": "The protagonist of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage embodied the example of the self-exiled Byronic hero."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage is a long narrative poem in four parts written by Lord Byron."
},
{
"section_header": "Imitations",
"text": "Its English translation by J. W. Lake, The Last Canto of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, was published from Paris in 1826."
},
{
"section_header": "Imitations",
"text": "William Lisle Bowles responded to his interment with a generous elegy in the six stanzas of \"Childe Harold's Last Pilgrimage\" (1826)."
},
{
"section_header": "Imitations",
"text": "But, though \"more sustained in thought than anything else he ever attempted\", it was written piecemeal and the fragments were never unified or published until midway through the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "The fictive narrator",
"text": "Lord Byron avows the intent of this hero's introduction to be the 'giving some connection to the piece'; but we cannot, for the life of us, discover how the piece is more connected, by assigning the sentiments which it conveys to a fictitious personage, who takes no part in any of the scenes described, who achieves no deeds, and who, in short, has no one province to perform, than it would have been had Lord Byron spoken in his own person, and been the 'hero of his own tale'."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "The poem contains elements thought to be autobiographical, as Byron generated some of the storyline from experience gained during his travels through Portugal, the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea between 1809 and 1811."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Throughout the poem, Byron, in character of Childe Harold, regretted his wasted early youth, hence re-evaluating his life choices and re-designing himself through going on the pilgrimage, during which he lamented various historical events including the Iberian Peninsular War among others."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Translated into English, the quote emphasizes how the travels have resulted in a greater appreciation of his own country: The universe is a kind of book of which one has read only the first page when one has seen only one's own country."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Byron later wrote, \"I awoke one morning and found myself famous\"."
}
] |
Shilde Harold's Pilgrimage is thought to be partially based on the author's own life.
| 0 | 0 |
Childe Harold's Pilgrimage
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played for Chicago until 1950, then was a minor league manager and major league coach for many years."
}
] |
UG8FOhu9wIlkEiFA4yq9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1989, The New York Times profiled the then 82-year-old Appling, who had been an annual Spring Training coach with the Atlanta Braves for 14 years and was also serving as a minor league coach during the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lucius Benjamin \"Luke\" Appling (April 2, 1907 – January 3, 1991), nicknamed \"Old Aches and Pains\" was an American shortstop in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Chicago White Sox (1930–1950)."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Appling was a major league coach for the Cleveland Indians, Detroit Tigers, Baltimore Orioles, Athletics and White Sox during the 1960s and early 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "On January 3, 1991, two days after retiring from the Atlanta coaching staff, Appling was in a hospital in Cumming, Georgia, suffering from an abdominal aortic aneurysm."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played for Chicago until 1950, then was a minor league manager and major league coach for many years."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB playing career | Later career",
"text": "In 1940, Appling hit .348 with a career-high 13 triples."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB playing career | Early career",
"text": "Appling appeared in only six games for the White Sox in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Appling was signed by the Southern League Atlanta Crackers that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Attending Oglethorpe College in Atlanta, Appling stayed for two years."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "He died in Georgia in 1991. Appling was born in High Point, North Carolina."
}
] |
Luke Appling did not coach after his professional career.
| 0 | 2 |
Luke Appling
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Ike Turner",
"text": "After the birth of their son Ronnie in October 1960, they moved to Los Angeles in 1962 and married in Tijuana."
}
] |
UGYholD3LF1miZLcd1l4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ike & Tina Turner | Early success: 1960–1965",
"text": "\"I Idolize You\", \"Poor Fool\", and \"Tra La La La La\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She married Ike Turner in 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Children",
"text": "Ronnie Turner is married to French-American singer Afida Turner."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo career | Early solo career: 1977–1983",
"text": "She played a series of shows in Las Vegas in a cabaret setting, influenced by the cabaret shows she witnessed while a member of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Ike Turner",
"text": "On multiple occasions, Ike claimed that he was never officially married to Tina and that her birth name is Martha Nell Bullock (not Anna Mae Bullock)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Ike Turner",
"text": "After the birth of their son Ronnie in October 1960, they moved to Los Angeles in 1962 and married in Tijuana."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Early relationships",
"text": "\" Their relationship ended after she discovered that Taylor had married another girl he impregnated."
},
{
"section_header": "Ike & Tina Turner | Mainstream success: 1966–1975",
"text": "The success of the albums led to the revue headlining in Las Vegas where their shows were attended by a variety of celebrities including David Bowie, Sly Stone, Janis Joplin, Cher, James Brown, Ray Charles, Elton John, and Elvis Presley."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two years after her mother left the family, her father married another woman and moved to Detroit in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and marriages | Erwin Bach",
"text": "In July 2013, after a 27-year romantic relationship, they married in a civil ceremony on the banks of Lake Zurich in Küsnacht, Switzerland."
}
] |
Tina Turner got married in LA.
| 1 | 4 |
Tina Turner
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "The couple had no children. After he retired from baseball in 1938, Bottomley and his wife moved to the Bourbon, Missouri, area, where he raised Hereford cattle."
}
] |
UGwj3h5GDULkAkF4RIAx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Leroy Bottomley (April 23, 1900 – December 11, 1959) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "The couple had no children. After he retired from baseball in 1938, Bottomley and his wife moved to the Bourbon, Missouri, area, where he raised Hereford cattle."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bottomley was nicknamed \"Sunny Jim\" because of his cheerful disposition."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Cardinals",
"text": "During his time in the minor leagues, the media began to call Bottomley \"Sunny Jim\", due to his pleasant disposition."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Bottomley was the second player in baseball history to hit 20 or more doubles, triples, and home runs in one season Bottomley was the second player in baseball history to hit 20 or more doubles, triples, and home runs in one season (Frank Schulte being the first) and the first of two players (Lou Gehrig being the other) to collect 150 or more doubles, triples, and home runs in a career."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Before the 1936 season, the Reds traded Bottomley to the St. Louis Browns of the American League (AL), who were managed by Hornsby, for Johnny Burnett."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Bottomley was among the ten oldest players in the AL that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "In 1938, Bottomley served as the player-manager of Syracuse."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | St. Louis Browns",
"text": "Bottomley decided to return to baseball in 1937."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Bottomley returned to baseball as a scout for the Cardinals in 1955."
}
] |
American baseball player Jim Bottomley had twelve children.
| 0 | 0 |
Jim Bottomley
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has the smallest named cast of any play by Shakespeare."
}
] |
UHEaVbpIbf5Jms7BKDPB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Two Gentlemen is often regarded as one of Shakespeare's weakest plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "The exact date of composition of The Two Gentlemen of Verona is unknown, but it is generally believed to have been one of Shakespeare's earliest works."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "It has been argued that Two Gentlemen may have been Shakespeare's first work for the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and analysis | Themes",
"text": "Writing in 1905, Chambers stated that Two Gentlemen was Shakespeare's first essay at originality, at fashioning for himself the outlines of that romantic or tragicomic formula in which so many of his most characteristic dramas were afterwards to be cast."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Two Gentlemen of Verona is a comedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1589 and 1593."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text | Date",
"text": "The first evidence of its existence is in a list of Shakespeare's plays in Francis Meres's Palladis Tamia, published in 1598, but it is thought to have been written in the early 1590s."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance",
"text": "Directed by Arne Pohlmeier, and spoken in Shona, the entire play was performed with a cast of two; Denton Chikura and Tonderai Munyevu."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and analysis | Themes | Love and friendship",
"text": "\" At the very centre of this is the contest between love and friendship; \"an essential part of the comicality of The Two Gentlemen of Verona is created by the necessary conflict between highly stylised concepts of love and friendship."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Two Gentlemen is also featured in Shakespeare in Love (1998)."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "In 2000, episode three of season four of Dawson's Creek, \"Two Gentlemen of Capeside\" loosely adapted the plot of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has the smallest named cast of any play by Shakespeare."
}
] |
Two Gentlemen of Verona has the shortest cast list of all of Shakespeare's plays.
| 0 | 0 |
Two Gentlemen of Verona
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Mid-career work",
"text": "The Rescuers. During this time, she also appeared on television, guest-starring in the popular series Kojak (1976) and Hawaii Five-O (1977).Page appeared as the mother of three siblings and wife of a prominent attorney in Woody Allen's Interiors (1978)."
}
] |
UHVaiLfFKyNr3CCFB6mQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Later work and final performances",
"text": "Strasberg later founded the Mirror Theater Ltd with its repertory program the Mirror Repertory, and Page accepted the role of Founding Artist in Residence."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Later work and final performances",
"text": "On television, Page had a supporting role in the miniseries The Dollmaker (1984), opposite Jane Fonda and Amanda Plummer."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "At the end of the show's evening performance, the play's producer announced that Page had been found dead in her lower Manhattan townhouse."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Geraldine Sue Page (November 22, 1924 – June 13, 1987) was an American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Page continued to appear in television and on stage and earned her first Tony Award nomination for her performance in Sweet Bird of Youth (1959–60), a role she reprised in the 1962 film adaptation, the latter of which earned her a Golden Globe Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "ISBN 978-1-557-83566-6. OCLC 1023578411.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Carroll, Joseph (2013). \" Geraldine Page\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "Terror Television: American Series, 1970-1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "I love everything but eggplant.\" On June 13, 1987, Page failed to arrive at the Neil Simon Theatre for both the afternoon and evening performances of Sir Noël Coward's Blithe Spirit, which had begun its run in March."
},
{
"section_header": "Works cited",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-713-45305-8. OCLC 906521157.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) Schechner, Richard (1964). \" The Bottomess Cup: An interview with Geraldine Page\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early stage and film",
"text": "Between 1966 and 1969, Page appeared in two holiday-themed television productions based on stories by Truman Capote: \"The Christmas Memory\" (for ABC Stage 67) and the television film The Thanksgiving Visitor, both of which earned her two consecutive Emmy Awards for Best Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Mid-career work",
"text": "The Rescuers. During this time, she also appeared on television, guest-starring in the popular series Kojak (1976) and Hawaii Five-O (1977).Page appeared as the mother of three siblings and wife of a prominent attorney in Woody Allen's Interiors (1978)."
}
] |
Geraldine Page had roles in a couple of evening television programs in the Seventies.
| 0 | 0 |
Geraldine Page
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "They are proportional, and if the damping ratio goes to zero they are the same, but for non-zero damping they are not the same frequency."
}
] |
UHVmyDdeDOZehhMFoPbY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator | Resonance of a pendulum",
"text": "{1-2\\zeta ^{2}}},} but the definitions of ω0 and ζ change based on the physics of the system."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "It is possible to write the steady-state solution for x(t) as a function proportional to the driving force with an induced phase change φ,"
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "They are proportional, and if the damping ratio goes to zero they are the same, but for non-zero damping they are not the same frequency."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonators",
"text": "To cause resonance, the phase of a sinusoidal wave after a roundtrip must be equal to the initial phase, so the waves reinforce the oscillation."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "For systems with a very small damping ratio and a driving frequency near the resonant frequency, the steady state oscillations can become very large."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Transfer function, frequency response, and resonance for an RLC series circuit | Resonance of voltage across the inductor",
"text": "The capacitor's voltage grows slowly by integrating the current over time and is therefore more sensitive to lower frequencies, whereas the inductor's voltage grows when the current changes rapidly and is therefore more sensitive to higher frequencies."
},
{
"section_header": "Types of resonance | Mechanical and acoustic resonance",
"text": "It may cause violent swaying motions and even catastrophic failure in improperly constructed structures including bridges, buildings, trains, and aircraft."
},
{
"section_header": "Examples",
"text": "Many sounds we hear, such as when hard objects of metal, glass, or wood are struck, are caused by brief resonant vibrations in the object."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "Consider a damped mass on a spring driven by a sinusoidal, externally applied force."
},
{
"section_header": "Resonance in linear systems | Resonance of a driven, damped harmonic oscillator",
"text": "m k {\\displaystyle \\zeta ={\\frac {c}{2{\\sqrt {mk}}}}} is called the damping ratio."
}
] |
Resonance damping causes the frequency of the system to change.
| 0 | 0 |
Resonance
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "The first Star Wars film in 1977 was a cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people."
}
] |
UHqtIBxkXgn8XddICrMb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Film | Skywalker saga | Original trilogy",
"text": "Star Wars was released on May 25, 1977, and first subtitled"
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Audio | Audio novels",
"text": "The first Star Wars audio work is The Story of Star Wars, an LP using audio samples from the original film and a new narration to retell the story, released in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "The first Star Wars film in 1977 was a cultural unifier, enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Merchandising",
"text": "Star Wars Trading Cards have been published since the first \"blue\" series, by Topps, in 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Print media | Comics",
"text": "The 1977 installments were the first original Star Wars stories not directly adapted from the films to appear in print form, as they preceded those of the Star Wars comic series."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Print media",
"text": "Star Wars in print predates the release of the first film, with the December 1976 novelization of Star Wars, initially subtitled \"From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Merchandising",
"text": "In 1977, the board game Star Wars: Escape from the Death Star was released, not to be confused with the board game with the same name published in 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | LucasArts and modern self-published games (1993–2014)",
"text": "In 1993, LucasArts released Star Wars: X-Wing, the first self-published Star Wars video game and the first space flight simulator based on the franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Merchandising",
"text": "Kenner made the first Star Wars action figures to coincide with the release of the film, and today the original figures are highly valuable."
},
{
"section_header": "Film | Anthology films",
"text": "Focused on how the Rebels obtained the Death Star plans introduced in the 1977 film,"
}
] |
The first Star Wars film was released in 1977.
| 0 | 0 |
Star Wars
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He retired after 13 seasons in 1936."
}
] |
UHue4eLFqiPRfzxe3tyn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "For the seven comparable seasons that Lindstrom played third base, his fielding percentage tops that of Traynor each year."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "in an era when fielders’ gloves were little more than padded strips of leather with a baseball-sized pocket in the palm, Lindstrom for three of the next four seasons led National League third basemen in fielding percentage."
},
{
"section_header": "Later career and personal life",
"text": "After coaching the Northwestern University baseball team for 13 seasons, he was appointed postmaster of Evanston, Illinois, a position he held until 1972."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "the decade's best. From his rookie season in 1924 through 1930 as a Giants third baseman, a span of seven years during which he batted .328 and played brilliantly in the field, Lindstrom seemed headed for a place among the game's all-time greatest players."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "Called up in 1924 and eventually replacing the injured Heinie Groh at third base, 18-year-old Lindstrom batted .333 in the World Series including four hits in one game against Washington's Walter Johnson while playing errorless baseball in the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Pirates, Cubs, and Dodgers",
"text": "But after one outstanding season, Lindstrom again found himself involved with a team expected to contend for a pennant struggling with controversy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He retired after 13 seasons in 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 2001, baseball writer Bill James ranked Lindstrom as the worst third baseman in the Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born on Chicago's South Side not far from Comiskey Park, Lindstrom as a youngster was an ardent White Sox fan, often playing hooky from school to watch their games."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Donald Dewey and Nick Acocella (All Time All Star Baseball Book, Elysian Fields Press, 1992) list Lindstrom as the New York Giants all-time third baseman."
}
] |
Lindstrom stopped playing baseball after thirteen seasons.
| 0 | 0 |
Freddie Lindstrom
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto."
}
] |
UI8ylCUsN2rbrneehO1U
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Reeves, Keanu (texts by); Grant, Alexandra (photographs by) (2014)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Shadows: A Collaborative Project by Alexandra Grant and Keanu Reeves."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Reeves, Keanu (text by); Grant, Alexandra (drawings by, book design by) (2011)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "His next release, the comedy Keanu, was better received."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Keanu Charles Reeves was born in Beirut, Lebanon, on September 2, 1964, the son of Patricia (née Taylor), a costume designer and performer, and"
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "An unofficial holiday was created when a Facebook fan page declared June 15 as \"Cheer-up Keanu Day\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Keanu Charles Reeves ( kee-AH-noo; born September 2, 1964) is a Canadian actor, musician, film producer, director, comic book writer and artist."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1984–1990: Early work",
"text": "Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a 79% approval rating with the critical consensus: \"Keanu Reeves and Alex Winter are just charming, goofy, and silly enough to make this fluffy time-travel Adventure work\"."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "The images were posted on the 4chan discussion board and were soon distributed via several blogs and media outlets, leading to the \"Sad Keanu\" meme being spread on the internet."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Silva alleged that Reeves' Porsche hit and injured him when Reeves was leaving a Los Angeles medical facility."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Beirut, Lebanon, Reeves grew up in Toronto."
}
] |
Keanu Reeves was raised in the Middle East.
| 2 | 4 |
Keanu Reeves
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glenda May Jackson (born 9 May 1936) is a British actress and politician."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Glenda May Jackson was born on 9 May 1936 in Birkenhead, Cheshire, where her father was a builder and her mother worked in shops and as a cleaner."
}
] |
UIKQ3G8BGc8s88A4Vvfv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1969–1980: Critical and commercial success",
"text": "\" In 1978, she scored box office success in the United States in the romantic comedy House Calls, which co-starred Walter Matthau."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glenda May Jackson (born 9 May 1936) is a British actress and politician."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1969–1980: Critical and commercial success",
"text": "\"In the process of gaining funding for The Music Lovers (1970) from United Artists"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Glenda May Jackson was born on 9 May 1936 in Birkenhead, Cheshire, where her father was a builder and her mother worked in shops and as a cleaner."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had a son, Dan Hodges (born 1969), who is now a newspaper columnist and former Labour Party adviser and commentator."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "Another speech of Jackson's went viral in June 2014 when she gave a scathing assessment of Iain Duncan Smith's tenure as Secretary of State for Work and Pensions, telling him that he was responsible for the \"destruction of the welfare state and the total and utter incompetence of his department\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "She has stated that she felt Britain was being \"destroyed\" by the policies of Thatcher and the Conservative government, so that she was willing to do \"anything that was legal\" to oppose her."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "She stated: \"I will be almost 80 and by then it will be time for someone else to have a turn.\" The eventual election was held two days before her 79th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "She accused Thatcher of treating \"vices as virtues\" and stated that, because of Thatcherism, the UK was susceptible to unprecedented unemployment rates and homelessness."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1992–2015: Political career",
"text": "Jackson is also a republican."
}
] |
Jackson was born in the United States.
| 0 | 0 |
Glenda Jackson
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Also, the sequence in which a drunken Dick is beaten by police in Rome was written in this first version as well (with Francis as the beaten victim); this was based on a real incident that happened to Fitzgerald in Rome in 1924."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Fitzgerald's father died in 1931, an event that was written into the final novel as Dick's father's death."
}
] |
UInjwizDORifWeFCnYp8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Appearances in other works | References in film",
"text": "Tender is the Night has appeared in several films."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fitzgerald considered Tender is the Night to be his greatest work."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tender is the Night is the fourth and final novel completed by American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "The song \"Tender Is the Night\" from the movie soundtrack was nominated for the 1962 Academy Awards for Best Song."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV and stage adaptations",
"text": "The film Tender is the Night (1962), based on the novel, starred Jason Robards and Jennifer Jones as the Divers."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In its first three months of release, Tender Is the Night sold 12,000 copies compared to This Side of Paradise, which sold over 50,000 during a similar frame."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception | Legacy and modern analysis",
"text": "Ernest Hemingway remarked that, in retrospect, \"Tender Is the Night gets better and better\" and felt that both he and critics had initially only been interested in dissecting its weaknesses, rather than giving due credit to its merits."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Fitzgerald wrote the final version of Tender"
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception | Legacy and modern analysis",
"text": "Is the Night even more. Christian Messenger argues that Fitzgerald's book hinges on the sustaining sentimental fragments: “On an aesthetic level, Fitzgerald’s working through of sentiment’s broken premises and rhetoric in Tender heralds a triumph of modernism in his attempt to sustain his sentimental fragments and allegiances in new forms.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Is the Night in 1932 and 1933, while renting the La Paix estate from Baltimore architect Bayard Turnbull."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Also, the sequence in which a drunken Dick is beaten by police in Rome was written in this first version as well (with Francis as the beaten victim); this was based on a real incident that happened to Fitzgerald in Rome in 1924."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Fitzgerald's father died in 1931, an event that was written into the final novel as Dick's father's death."
}
] |
Portions of Tender is the Night are autobiographical.
| 1 | 2 |
Tender is the Night
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males."
}
] |
UJ3Sa4jjosOBJyuIODRj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "Some nematodes are hermaphroditic, and keep their self-fertilized eggs inside the uterus until they hatch."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "Reproduction is usually sexual, though hermaphrodites are capable of self-fertilization."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "Most nematode species are dioecious, with separate male and female individuals, though some, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, are androdioecious, consisting of hermaphrodites and rare males."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "In females, the ovaries each open into an oviduct (in hermaphrodites, the eggs enter a spermatheca first) and then a glandular uterus."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "Males are usually smaller than females or hermaphrodites (often much smaller) and often have a characteristically bent or fan-shaped tail."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "Due to the lack of knowledge regarding many nematodes, their systematics is contentious."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "A complete checklist of the world's nematode species can be found in the World Species Index: Nematoda."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "A major effort to improve the systematics of this phylum is in progress and being organised by the 959 Nematode Genomes."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "The Secernentea—a group that includes virtually all major animal and plant 'nematode' parasites—apparently arose from within the Adenophorea."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and systematics | Nematode systematics",
"text": "The old group \"Chromadoria\" seems to be another paraphyletic assemblage, with the Monhysterida representing a very ancient minor group of nematodes."
}
] |
Most nematodes are hermaphrodites.
| 0 | 1 |
Nematoda
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "The first film began production in Spring 2011, and was released in March 2012."
}
] |
UJHagbW3fMleIZeWKsuM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "The first film began production in Spring 2011, and was released in March 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the time the film adaptation of The Hunger Games was released in 2012, the publisher had reported over 26 million Hunger Games trilogy books in print, including movie tie-in books."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "Film adaptations Lionsgate Entertainment acquired worldwide distribution rights to a film adaptation of The Hunger Games, produced by Nina Jacobson's Color Force production company."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "Collins adapted the novel for film herself, along with director Gary Ross."
},
{
"section_header": "Novels | Prequel | The Ballad of Songbirds and Snakes",
"text": "Collins stated that the book would explore the 10 years after the end of the war where the people of Panem try to get back on their feet and figure out how to go on within their new reality."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "The cast included Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss, Josh Hutcherson as Peeta, and Liam Hemsworth as Gale."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "For Catching Fire, Ross was replaced as director by Francis Lawrence; the film was released in November 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "Lawrence then directed Mockingjay, parts 1 and 2, released in November 2014 and November 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture | Adaptations",
"text": "There is a film version of the prequel that is in progress with Francis Lawrence as the director."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novels have all been developed into films starring Jennifer Lawrence, with the film adaptation of Mockingjay split into two parts."
}
] |
The movie adaptation of The Hunger Games came out in after 2011.
| 2 | 9 |
The Hunger Games
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "In 2012, Garibaldi's descendants announced that, with permission from authorities, they would have Garibaldi's remains exhumed to confirm through DNA analysis that the remains in the tomb are indeed Garibaldi's."
}
] |
UJYsnWcl8XGhWouz2Y2U
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Garibaldi's letter regarding the Ottomans",
"text": "Only thus can you make yourself independent and free."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Image",
"text": "Garibaldi's popularity, skill at rousing the common people, and his military exploits are all credited with making the unification of Italy possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "He was buried in his farm on the island of Caprera alongside his last wife and some of his children."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Image",
"text": "You Germans, with your grave and philosophic character, might well be the ones who could win the confidence of others and guarantee the future stability of the international community."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Image",
"text": "Let us hope that in the centre of Europe you can then make a unified nation out of your fifty million."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Campaign of 1860",
"text": "An apocryphal but realistic story had him say to his lieutenant Nino Bixio, \"Here we either make Italy, or we die."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Cultural depictions",
"text": "People in Indian Creek wanted to use the gold to finance a dam, but Mandati plans to lend support to General Garibaldi and Italian reunification."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Final struggle with Austria",
"text": "Garibaldi took up arms again in 1866, this time with the full support of the Italian government."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Image",
"text": "Many Europeans expected that the 1871 unification of Germany would make Germany a European and world leader that would champion humanitarian policies."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | South America",
"text": "Once there, he took up the cause of the Riograndense Republic in its attempt to separate from Brazil, joining the rebels known as the Ragamuffins in the Ragamuffin War of 1835."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "In 2012, Garibaldi's descendants announced that, with permission from authorities, they would have Garibaldi's remains exhumed to confirm through DNA analysis that the remains in the tomb are indeed Garibaldi's."
}
] |
Garibaldi's relatives wanted to dig up his grave to make sure it was really him that was buried.
| 0 | 0 |
Giuseppe Garibaldi
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today)."
}
] |
UJiZ6hkjrk94EE7oYuSX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "Its \"making of\" featurette, The Art of the Sting, included interviews with cast and crew."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The night before the sting, Hooker sleeps with Loretta, a waitress from a local restaurant."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Newman needed a hit considering his last five films that he had made prior to The Sting had been box-office disappointments."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The Sting had Marvin Hamlisch score Joplin's music for the film, thereby bringing Joplin to a mass, popular public."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "\"A \"A deluxe DVD – The Sting: Special Edition (part of the Universal Legacy Series) – was released in September 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Principal photography",
"text": "Co-producer Tony Bill was an antique car buff who helped round up several period cars to use in The Sting."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "Joplin's music was no longer popular by the 1930s, although its use in The Sting evokes the 1930s gangster movie, The Public Enemy, which featured Joplin's music."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" She also noted that \"the absence of women really is felt as a lack in this movie.\" John Simon wrote The Sting as a comedy-thriller- \"works endearingly without a hitch\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 2005, The Sting was selected for preservation in the U.S. National Film Registry of the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant.\" In 1936, in the waning years of the Great Depression."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sting is a 1973 American caper film set in September 1936, involving a complicated plot by two professional grifters (Paul Newman and Robert Redford) to con a mob boss (Robert Shaw)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film received rave reviews and was a box office smash in 1973–74, taking in more than US$160 million ($800 million today)."
}
] |
The sting got favorable critics.
| 2 | 8 |
The Sting
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "Plutarch, Appian and Florus all claim that Spartacus died during the battle, but Appian also reports that his body was never found."
}
] |
UKRbKEh8OM2ldP18CEsk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "One episode of 2007–2008 BBC's docudrama Heroes and Villains features Spartacus."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "They were surprised when Spartacus, who had made ropes from vines, climbed down the cliff side of the volcano with his men and attacked the unfortified Roman camp in the rear, killing most of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In communism",
"text": "Spartacus Books, one of the longest running collectively-run leftist book stores in North America, is also named in his honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "The rebels also defeated a second expedition, nearly capturing the praetor commander, killing his lieutenants and seizing the military equipment."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "Spartacus now turned his forces around and brought his entire strength to bear on the legions in a last stand, in which the rebels were routed completely, with the vast majority of them being killed on the battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and recognition | In communism",
"text": "Karl Marx listed Spartacus as one of his heroes and described him as \"the most splendid fellow in the whole of ancient history\" and a \"great general, noble character, real representative of the ancient proletariat\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "The final battle that saw the assumed defeat of Spartacus in 71 BC took place on the present territory of Senerchia on the right bank of the river Sele in the area that includes the border with Oliveto Citra up to those of Calabritto, near the village of Quaglietta, in the High Sele Valley, which at that time was part of Lucania."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Florus described him as one \"who, from a Thracian mercenary, had become a Roman soldier, that had deserted and became enslaved, and afterward, from consideration of his strength, a gladiator\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Spartacus (Greek: Σπάρτακος Spártakos; Latin: Spartacus; c. 111–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with Crixus, Gannicus, Castus, and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Video games",
"text": "In Spartacus Legends, Spartacus appears as an endgame boss."
},
{
"section_header": "Third Servile War",
"text": "Plutarch, Appian and Florus all claim that Spartacus died during the battle, but Appian also reports that his body was never found."
}
] |
Spartacus was killed but no one saw him dead.
| 3 | 4 |
Spartacus
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Caldwell Calhoun (; March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina who served as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832."
}
] |
ULZ93UqyY6FxiJizW03Q
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "The Electoral College elected Calhoun vice president by a landslide on 1 December 1824."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "The only other man who accomplished this feat was George Clinton, who served as Vice President from 1805 to 1812 under Thomas Jefferson and James Madison."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "Calhoun was initially a candidate for President of the United States in the election of 1824."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "The USS John C. Calhoun, in commission from 1963 to 1994, was a Fleet Ballistic Missile nuclear submarine."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "Other states soon followed, and Calhoun therefore allowed himself to become a candidate for vice president rather than president."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "Calhoun thus became the second of two vice presidents to serve under two different presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Monuments and memorials",
"text": "In 1910, the state of South Carolina gave a statue of John C. Calhoun to the National Statuary Hall Collection."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | Resignation",
"text": "Biographer John Niven argues \"that these moves were part of a well-thought-out plan whereby Hayne would restrain the hotheads in the state legislature and Calhoun would defend his brainchild, nullification, in Washington against administration stalwarts and the likes of Daniel Webster, the new apostle of northern nationalism.\" Calhoun was the first of two vice presidents to resign, the second being Spiro Agnew in 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "Calhoun failed to win the endorsement of the South Carolina legislature, and his supporters in Pennsylvania decided to abandon his candidacy in favor of Jackson's, and instead supported him for vice president."
},
{
"section_header": "Vice Presidency | 1824 and 1828 elections and Adams presidency",
"text": "Hamilton spoke about this prospect with Governor John Forsyth of Georgia, who acted as a mediator between the Jackson campaign and Crawford."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Caldwell Calhoun (; March 18, 1782 – March 31, 1850) was an American statesman and political theorist from South Carolina who served as the seventh vice president of the United States from 1825 to 1832."
}
] |
John C. Calhoun was a Northern man that was vice president in 1824.
| 1 | 3 |
John C. Calhoun
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Theatrical",
"text": "Goodfellas premiered at the 47th Venice International Film Festival, where Scorsese received the Silver Lion award for best director."
}
] |
ULg9thbjvnxRPigj2P79
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "It was also the first time he was obliged by Warner Bros. to preview the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Time included Goodfellas in their list of Time's All-Time 100 Movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "In the first test screening there were 40 walkouts in the first ten minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The 100 Greatest Films, Empire listed Goodfellas at #6 on their \"500 Greatest Movies Of All Time,\" and Total Film voted Goodfellas #1 as the greatest film of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "It was shown twice in California, and a lot of audiences were \"agitated\" by Henry's last day as a wise guy sequence."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Lists",
"text": "Goodfellas is 39th on James Berardinelli's 2014-made list of the top 100 films of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" In his review for Time, Richard Corliss wrote, \"So it is Scorsese's triumph that GoodFellas offers the fastest, sharpest 2½-hr."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Lists",
"text": "In 2012, the Motion Picture Editors Guild listed Goodfellas as the fifteenth best-edited film of all time based on a survey of its membership."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "In his review for the Chicago Sun-Times, Roger Ebert wrote, \"No finer film has ever been made about organized crime – not even The Godfather.\" In his review for the Chicago Tribune, Gene Siskel wrote, \"All of the performances are first-rate; Pesci stands out, though, with his seemingly unscripted manner."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "and it felt very real. And yet that was the first mob movie that Scorsese ever dealt with a mob crew."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Theatrical",
"text": "Goodfellas premiered at the 47th Venice International Film Festival, where Scorsese received the Silver Lion award for best director."
}
] |
Goodfellas was shown for the first time in Italy.
| 0 | 0 |
Goodfellas
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy",
"text": "If Plantae are defined more narrowly, to be the Viridiplantae, then the red algae might be considered their own kingdom, or part of the kingdom Protista."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Species of red algae",
"text": "Over 7,000 species are currently described for the red algae, but the taxonomy is in constant flux with new species described each year."
}
] |
ULy3za33NcqDraqeUrnZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy",
"text": "The authors use a hierarchical arrangement where the clade names do not signify rank; the class name Rhodophyceae is used for the red algae."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy",
"text": "\"Many studies published since Adl et al. 2005 have provided evidence that is in agreement for monophyly in the Archaeplastida (including red algae)."
},
{
"section_header": "Morphology | Cell structure | Chloroplasts",
"text": "Other pigments include chlorophyll a, α-"
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy",
"text": "Below are other published taxonomies of the red algae using molecular and traditional alpha taxonomic data; however, the taxonomy of the red algae is still in a state of flux (with classification above the level of order having received little scientific attention for most of the 20th century)."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Classification comparison",
"text": "Some sources (such as Lee) place all red algae into the class \"Rhodophyceae\". (Lee's organization is not a comprehensive classification, but a selection of orders considered common or important.) A subphylum - Proteorhodophytina - has been proposed to encompass the existing classes Compsopogonophyceae, Porphyridiophyceae, Rhodellophyceae and Stylonematophyceae."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "meaning 'plant'), are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae."
},
{
"section_header": "Morphology | Storage products",
"text": "The major photosynthetic products include floridoside (major product), D‐isofloridoside, digeneaside, mannitol, sorbitol, dulcitol etc."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Species of red algae",
"text": "Over 7,000 species are currently described for the red algae, but the taxonomy is in constant flux with new species described each year."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The majority of species (6,793) are found in the Florideophyceae (class), and mostly consist of multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry",
"text": "An additional difference of about 1.71‰ separates groups intertidal from those below the lowest tide line, which are never exposed to atmospheric carbon."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy",
"text": "If Plantae are defined more narrowly, to be the Viridiplantae, then the red algae might be considered their own kingdom, or part of the kingdom Protista."
}
] |
Rhodophyceae are included in the Chromalveolata super group in taxonomy.
| 0 | 2 |
Rhodophyta
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A lifelong partnership in music began, as Clara herself was an established pianist and music prodigy."
}
] |
UMRq8VQAtweSCLQYF0xf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert Schumann (German: [ˈʃuːman]; 8 June 1810 – 29 July 1856) was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Clara and Robert also maintained a close relationship with German composer Johannes Brahms."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1830–34 | Papillons",
"text": "Schumann's mother said to Clara, \"You must marry my Robert one day.\" The Symphony in G minor was not published during Schumann's lifetime but has been played and recorded in recent times."
},
{
"section_header": "Media portrayals",
"text": "Geliebte Clara (\"Beloved Clara\") was a 2008 Franco-German-Hungarian film about the lives of Clara and Robert."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "List of compositions by Robert Schumann"
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Category :Compositions by Robert Schumann"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1840, after a long and acrimonious legal battle with Wieck, who opposed the marriage, Schumann married Wieck's daughter Clara."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1830–34 | Papillons",
"text": "Raro may represent either the composer himself, Wieck's daughter Clara, or the combination of the two (Clara + Robert)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1840–49",
"text": "After a long and acrimonious legal battle with her father, Schumann married Clara Wieck on 12 September 1840, at Schönefeld, the day before her 21st birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1830–34",
"text": "To this end he began a study of music theory under Heinrich Dorn, a German composer six years his senior and, at that time, conductor of the Leipzig Opera."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A lifelong partnership in music began, as Clara herself was an established pianist and music prodigy."
}
] |
German composer Robert Schumann married a cellist.
| 0 | 0 |
Robert Schumann
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Known for his trademark Cockney accent, he has appeared in more than 130 films during a career spanning over 60 years, and is considered a British film icon."
}
] |
UN8deBRdizJ9JPPRn7lj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "\" Over the years Caine himself had parodied his catchphrase and his \"interesting facts\", and has imitated others' impressions of him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Known for his trademark Cockney accent, he has appeared in more than 130 films during a career spanning over 60 years, and is considered a British film icon."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 2000s",
"text": "It was reported by Empire magazine that Caine had said that Harry Brown (released on 13 November 2009) would be his last lead role."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 2000s",
"text": "In the 2000s, Caine appeared in Miss Congeniality (2000), Last Orders (2001), The Quiet American (2002), for which he was Oscar-nominated, and others."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1950s",
"text": "He has described the first nine years of his career as \"really, really brutal\" as well as \"more like purgatory than paradise\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1950s",
"text": "He moved to the Lowestoft Repertory Company in Suffolk for a year when he was 21."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1950s",
"text": "Caine took over the role when O'Toole left to make Lawrence of Arabia and went on to a four-month tour of the UK and Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "One of the most discussed end scenes in film, what happened to the coachload of gold teetering over the edge of a cliff has been debated in the decades since the film was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 2000s",
"text": "In the 2007 remake of Sleuth, Caine took over the role Laurence Olivier played in the 1972 version and Jude Law played Caine's original role."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | 1960s",
"text": "The Elephant to Hollywood, Caine had been signed to a seven-year contract by Joseph E. Levine, whose Embassy Films was distributing Zulu."
}
] |
Michael Caine's acting career has lasted over sixty years.
| 0 | 0 |
Michael Caine
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, and dancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "Peter Gene Hernandez was born on October 8, 1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Peter Hernandez and Bernadette San Pedro Bayot, and was raised in the Waikiki neighborhood of Honolulu."
}
] |
UNtuEipKg2rqHCiWt2DZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mars is accompanied by his band, The Hooligans, who play a variety of instruments, such as electric guitar, bass, piano, keyboards, drums, and horns, and also serve as backup singers and dancers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peter Gene Hernandez (born October 8, 1985), known professionally as Bruno Mars, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist, and dancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Doo-Wops & Hooligans",
"text": "He added: \"I was given a number one record"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Doo-Wops & Hooligans",
"text": "Doo-Wops & Hooligans received further promotion when the singer embarked on his first headlined concert tour, The Doo-Wops & Hooligans Tour, which ran from November 2010 to January 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2015–present: Super Bowl 50 Halftime performance and 24K Magic",
"text": "Five months later, British pop singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran, American country singer-songwriter Chris Stapleton, and Mars released a single titled \"Blow\" for the former's fourth album, No.6 Collaborations Project (2019)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Doo-Wops & Hooligans",
"text": "At the 2012 Grammy Awards, Mars lost all the six categories in which he was nominated to British singer Adele."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and achievements",
"text": "Bruno Mars has earned numerous awards and honors throughout his career, including eleven Grammy Awards, three Brit Awards, four Guinness World Record nine American and 10 Soul Train Music Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Race",
"text": "Mars has spoken often about his influences and has given credit to several black artists, such as Babyface, Teddy Riley, and Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2012: Doo-Wops & Hooligans",
"text": "During this period, Mars appeared on a number of collaborative singles, including \"Lighters\", with American hip hop duo Bad Meets Evil, issued on July 5, 2011, \"Mirror\", with American rapper Lil Wayne, released on September 13, 2011, and \"Young, Wild & Free\" with American hip hop artists Wiz Khalifa and Snoop Dogg, available for purchase on October 11, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "He adopted his stage name from the childhood nickname his father gave him, adding \"Mars\" at the end because: \"I felt like I didn't have [any] pizzazz, and"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1985–2003: Early life and musical beginnings",
"text": "Peter Gene Hernandez was born on October 8, 1985, in Honolulu, Hawaii, to Peter Hernandez and Bernadette San Pedro Bayot, and was raised in the Waikiki neighborhood of Honolulu."
}
] |
American singer Bruno Mars is accompanied by The Hooligans and was given the name Williamette Bayot at birth.
| 0 | 0 |
Bruno Mars
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Alex Pompez owned the Cuban Stars of the Eastern Colored League between 1923 and 1928 and the New York Cubans of the Negro National League from 1935 to 1951."
}
] |
UO1q7J20wR46nOBSbv0I
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alejandro \"Alex\" Pompez (May 3, 1890 – March 14, 1974) was an American executive in Negro league baseball who owned the Cuban Stars (East) and New York Cubans franchises from 1916 to 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Alex Pompez owned the Cuban Stars of the Eastern Colored League between 1923 and 1928 and the New York Cubans of the Negro National League from 1935 to 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Outside baseball and numbers (illegal gambling), he owned and operated a cigar shop in downtown Manhattan."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez was one of New York's leading numbers bankers during the 1920s but was forced to join Dutch Schultz in 1932."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "He signed numerous Latin American players for his Negro league teams, including Martín Dihigo, Minnie Miñoso and Alejandro Oms."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez was born on May 3, 1890, in Key West, Florida, the oldest of four children born to Cuban immigrants Jose and Loretta Pompez."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was posthumously inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Jose Pompez was on the board of directors for the Key West chapter of the Cuban Revolutionary Party; he was elected to the Florida House of Representatives as a Republican in 1892."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "He was hired by the New York Giants to oversee their Latin American operations in 1950.Pompez served on the Baseball Hall of Fame's special Committee on Negro League Baseball in the early 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "In 1948, sensing that baseball's integration would change the Negro leagues, Pompez arranged for the New York Cubans to become a minor league affiliate of the New York Giants."
}
] |
Pompez owned the Cuban Stars during his career and 1 other baseball team.
| 0 | 0 |
Alex Pompez
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Smith Patton Jr. (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a general of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, and the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Postwar | Accident and death",
"text": "Think of the waste. \" Moments later his car collided with an American army truck at low speed."
}
] |
UOODhipFlJsbPjSlkaEY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "George Smith Patton Jr. was born on November 11, 1885, in San Gabriel, California, to George Smith Patton Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Smith Patton Jr. (November 11, 1885 – December 21, 1945) was a general of the United States Army who commanded the U.S. Seventh Army in the Mediterranean theater of World War II, and the U.S. Third Army in France and Germany after the Allied invasion of Normandy in June 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Postwar | Accident and death",
"text": "Observing derelict cars along the side of the road, Patton said, \"How awful war is."
},
{
"section_header": "Postwar | Accident and death",
"text": "Think of the waste. \" Moments later his car collided with an American army truck at low speed."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II",
"text": "During maneuvers the Third Army conducted in 1940, Patton served as an umpire, where he met Adna R. Chaffee Jr. and the two formulated recommendations to develop an armored force."
},
{
"section_header": "Inter-war years",
"text": "There, he met Army Chief of Staff George C. Marshall, who was so impressed with him that Marshall considered Patton a prime candidate for promotion to general."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | As viewed by Allied and Axis leaders",
"text": "General Bradley and the Army Air Forces General Carl Spaatz shared the number one position, Walter Bedell Smith was ranked number three, and Patton number four."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II",
"text": "Patton was promoted to brigadier general on October 2, made acting division commander in November, and on April 4, 1941 was promoted again to major general and made Commanding General (CG) of the 2nd Armored Division."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Ancestry",
"text": "His paternal grandfather was George Smith Patton, who commanded the 22nd Virginia Infantry under Jubal Early in the Civil War and was killed in the Third Battle of Winchester, while his great-uncle Waller T. Patton was killed in Pickett's Charge during the Battle of Gettysburg."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "They had three children, Beatrice Smith (born March 1911), Ruth Ellen (born February 1915), and George Patton IV (born December 1923)."
}
] |
George Smith Patton Jr. was an Army General during World War 2 and passed away in a car accident.
| 0 | 0 |
Patton
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Stitch Fix was founded in 2011 by Katrina Lake and former J.Crew buyer Erin Morrison Flynn."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Stitch Fix started to be profitable in 2014."
}
] |
UPdqKmqYp2OueSaYB8Sj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stitch Fix is an online personal styling service in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Service",
"text": "Stitch Fix is a personal styling service that sends individually picked clothing and accessories items for a one-time styling fee."
},
{
"section_header": "Service",
"text": "Customers fill out a survey online about their style preferences."
},
{
"section_header": "Service",
"text": "These boards may be viewed by a Stitch Fix stylist."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October 2018, several class action lawsuits were brought against Stitch Fix alleging that the company violated federal securities laws by making misleading statements about its growth prospects."
},
{
"section_header": "Service",
"text": "Once the shipment is received, the customer has three days to choose to keep the items or return some or all of them."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Stitch Fix started to be profitable in 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It uses recommendation algorithms and data science to personalize clothing items based on size, budget and style."
},
{
"section_header": "Service",
"text": "The company uses data science and has combined personal stylists and machine learning (AI) for personalized recommendation."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "It was the first female led company to launch an IPO in over a year."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Stitch Fix was founded in 2011 by Katrina Lake and former J.Crew buyer Erin Morrison Flynn."
}
] |
It took three years for the online personal styling service, Stitch Fix, to make money.
| 0 | 0 |
Stitch Fix
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Cádiz",
"text": "The same month, Admiral Lord Nelson returned home to Britain after two years of duty at sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They encountered the British fleet under Admiral Lord Nelson, recently assembled to meet this threat, in the Atlantic Ocean along the southwest coast of Spain, off Cape Trafalgar, near the town of Los Caños de Meca."
}
] |
UPl6rfjPWtzBfSFUMGbR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Pursuit of Villeneuve",
"text": "Early in 1805, Vice Admiral Lord Nelson commanded the British fleet blockading Toulon."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Cádiz",
"text": "The same month, Admiral Lord Nelson returned home to Britain after two years of duty at sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Consequences",
"text": "The statue of Lord Nelson in Bridgetown, Barbados, in what was also once known as Trafalgar Square, was erected in 1813."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They encountered the British fleet under Admiral Lord Nelson, recently assembled to meet this threat, in the Atlantic Ocean along the southwest coast of Spain, off Cape Trafalgar, near the town of Los Caños de Meca."
},
{
"section_header": "The battle | Battle",
"text": "Leading the northern, windward column in Victory was Nelson, while Collingwood in the 100-gun Royal Sovereign led the second, leeward, column."
},
{
"section_header": "Consequences",
"text": "In 1808, Nelson's Pillar was erected by leading members of the Anglo-Irish aristocracy in Dublin to commemorate Nelson and his achievements ("
},
{
"section_header": "The fleets | British",
"text": "On 21 October, Admiral Nelson had 27 ships of the line under his command."
},
{
"section_header": "The battle | Nelson's plan",
"text": "The first, led by his second-in-command Vice-Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood, was to sail into the rear of the enemy line, while the other, led by Nelson, was to sail into the centre and vanguard."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | In other media",
"text": "Admiral over the Oceans is a song composed by Swedish Power Metal band, Civil War, detailing the battle from the point of view of a sailor and from Nelson himself."
},
{
"section_header": "The fleets | Franco-Spanish",
"text": "Against Nelson, Vice-Admiral Villeneuve, sailing on his flagship Bucentaure, fielded 33 ships of the line, including some of the largest in the world at the time."
}
] |
The battle was lead by Admiral Lord Nelson from Russia.
| 2 | 4 |
Battle of Trafalgar
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "However, the narrator reveals that he has waited three years before writing and stating the Time Traveller has not returned from his journey."
}
] |
UQpAijSSwvuRmWQdWkp3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The portion of the novella that sees the Time Traveller in a distant future where the sun is huge and red also places The Time Machine within the realm of eschatology, i.e. the study of the end times, the end of the world, and the ultimate destiny of humankind."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Returning to the site where he arrived, the Time Traveller is shocked to find his time machine missing and eventually concludes that it has been dragged by some unknown party into a nearby structure with heavy doors, locked from the inside, which resembles a Sphinx."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "In The Time Ships, Stephen Baxter's sequel to The Time Machine, the Time Traveller encounters his younger self via time travel."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio and audio | 2009 BBC Radio 3 broadcast",
"text": "It also retained the deleted ending from the novella as a recorded message sent back to Wells from the future by the traveller using a prototype of his machine, with the traveller escaping the anthropoid creatures to 30 million AD at the end of the universe before disappearing or dying there."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels by other authors",
"text": "The intervention of Holmes and Watson succeeds in calling back the missing Time Traveler, who has resolved to prevent the time machine's existence, out of concern for the danger it could make possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels by other authors",
"text": "It features a \"manuscript\", which reports the Time Traveller's activities after the end of the original story."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "The events of this story are portrayed as having inspired Wells to write The Time Machine."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "The Space Machine by Christopher Priest gives the Time Traveller's name as William Reynolds."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "It has also been suggested that the Time Traveller was based on Thomas Edison."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels by other authors",
"text": "After visiting a futuristic 1995 where London is in the sky and the weather is created by companies, as well as the year 2123 where he meets two Egyptians who study history using intuition instead of actual science, the time traveler, who is given the name James MacMorton, travels to the past and ends up weeks before the time machine was built, causing it to disappear."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "However, the narrator reveals that he has waited three years before writing and stating the Time Traveller has not returned from his journey."
}
] |
The Time Machine ends with the time traveller missing.
| 1 | 2 |
The Time Machine
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "Giles was elected president of the Moline, Illinois, Plowboys baseball club in the Class B Three-I League at age 23 in 1919, beginning his 50-year career in baseball."
}
] |
URcpyeTLNcjyBjZCEgwB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Warren Crandall Giles (May 28, 1896 – February 7, 1979) was an American professional baseball executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "After serving as an executive with the Reds, Houston Colt .45s/Astros and Phillies, he became a part-owner of the Phillies in 1981, and served as their club president until 1997 before becoming board chairman and then chairman emeritus."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "Also, Minor League Baseball gives out the Warren Giles Award to outstanding minor league presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "As a foreshadowing of his most powerful position in professional baseball, Giles spent part of the 1936 season as president of the International League."
},
{
"section_header": "National League president",
"text": "Giles' presidency also saw the National League widen its advantage over the American League in the signing of African-American and Latin American players, resulting in a three-decade-long domination of the Major League Baseball All-Star Game."
},
{
"section_header": "President/GM of the Cincinnati Reds",
"text": "Giles was elected president of the Moline, Illinois, Plowboys baseball club in the Class B Three-I League at age 23 in 1919, beginning his 50-year career in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Giles spent 33 years in high-level posts in Major League Baseball as club president and general manager of the Cincinnati Reds (1937–1951) and president of the National League (1951–1969), and was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame honors",
"text": "His son, Bill Giles, has also had lengthy baseball career."
},
{
"section_header": "National League president",
"text": "Under Giles, the National League began a 33-year (1956–1988) streak during which it dominated the American League in attendance—a remarkable achievement, given that the Junior Circuit had two more member teams than the NL during 13 of those seasons (in 1961 and 1977–1988).During the early weeks of the 1963 season, Giles became a figure of some controversy after he instructed the NL's umpires to strictly enforce the balk rule then in place."
},
{
"section_header": "National League president",
"text": "The same expansion brought Major League Baseball to Texas and the Southwest, with the Houston Colt .45s."
}
] |
Warren Giles was an American professional baseball executive who at only 24 became president of a baseball club and was part-owner of the Phillies in 1981.
| 1 | 5 |
Warren Giles
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Homage to Catalonia is George Orwell's personal account of his experiences and observations fighting for the POUM militia of the Republican army during the Spanish Civil War."
}
] |
URm1RQhn8eoNi0A1PIXu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "Homage to Catalonia is one of the few exceptions and the reason is simple."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Homage to Catalonia is George Orwell's personal account of his experiences and observations fighting for the POUM militia of the Republican army during the Spanish Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "\"No one who was in Spain during the months when people still believed in the revolution will ever forget that strange and moving experience."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary of chapters | Chapter six",
"text": "\" It is described herein. It is one of the most significant military actions that Orwell participates in during his entire time in Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews",
"text": "After years of neglect Homage to Catalonia re-emerged in the 1950s, following on from the success of Orwell's later books."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Homage to Catalonia was commercially unsuccessful, only selling 638 copies, but Barcelona under the Anarchists would remain with Orwell."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "The struggle was called off by the CNT leaders after four days."
},
{
"section_header": "Overview",
"text": "After nine months of animal husbandry and writing up Homage to Catalonia at their cottage at Wallington, Hertfordshire, Orwell's health declined, and he had to spend several months at a sanatorium in Aylesford, Kent."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary of chapters | Chapter one",
"text": "He describes the deficiencies of the POUM workers' militia, the absence of weapons, the recruits mostly boys of sixteen or seventeen ignorant of the meaning of war, half-complains about the sometimes frustrating tendency of Spaniards to put things off until \"mañana\" (tomorrow), notes his struggles with Spanish (or more usually, the local use of Catalan)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary of chapters | Chapter eight",
"text": "The latter half of this chapter is devoted to describing the conflict between the anarchist CNT and the socialist Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT) and the resulting cancellation of the May Day demonstration and the build-up to the street fighting of the Barcelona May Days."
}
] |
Homage to Catalonia recounts one families' struggles during the conflict in Spain.
| 3 | 7 |
Homage to Catalonia
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Origin",
"text": "Eiffel openly acknowledged that inspiration for a tower came from the Latting Observatory built in New York City in 1853."
}
] |
US9TwAsx7HpqpwFfKIeO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The tower also lost its standing as the world's tallest tower to the Tokyo Tower in 1958 but retains its status as the tallest freestanding (non-guyed) structure in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "At the same time the lift in the north pillar was removed and replaced by a staircase to the first level."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "At the same time, two new emergency staircases were installed, replacing the original spiral staircases."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Artists' protest",
"text": "A petition called \"Artists against the Eiffel Tower\" was sent to the Minister of Works and Commissioner for the Exposition, Adolphe Alphand, and it was published by Le Temps on 14 February 1887: We, writers, painters, sculptors, architects and passionate devotees of the hitherto untouched beauty of Paris, protest with all our strength, with all our indignation in the name of slighted French taste, against the erection … of this useless and monstrous Eiffel Tower …"
},
{
"section_header": "Replicas",
"text": "Tokyo Tower in Japan, built as a communications tower in 1958, was also inspired by the Eiffel Tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Restaurants",
"text": "Additionally, there is a champagne bar at the top of the Eiffel Tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower ( EYE-fəl; French: tour Eiffel [tuʁ‿ɛfɛl] (listen)) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "This renewed concerns about the structural integrity of the tower, and sensational headlines such as \"Eiffel Suicide!\" and \"Gustave Eiffel Has Gone Mad"
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Wind considerations",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower sways by up to 9 centimetres (3.5 in) in the wind."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origin",
"text": "Eiffel openly acknowledged that inspiration for a tower came from the Latting Observatory built in New York City in 1853."
}
] |
The Eiffel Tower had the same architect as the Statue of Liberty.
| 2 | 6 |
Eiffel Tower
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Jordan became a grandfather in 2019 when his daughter Jasmine gave birth to a son, whose father is professional basketball player Rakeem Christmas."
}
] |
USASnIKAfxrtg9yessLG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, is an American former professional basketball player and the principal owner of the Charlotte Hornets of the National Basketball Association (NBA)."
},
{
"section_header": "National team career",
"text": "Jordan and fellow Dream Team members Ewing and Mullin are the only American men's basketball players to win Olympic gold medals as amateurs and professionals."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Since 1976, the year of the NBA's merger with the American Basketball Association, Jordan and Pippen are the only two players to win six NBA Finals playing for one team."
},
{
"section_header": "National team career",
"text": "Jordan played on two Olympic gold medal-winning American basketball teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His biography on the official NBA website states: \"By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time.\" He was integral in helping to popularize the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "I think it was the exposure of Michael Jordan; the marketing of Michael Jordan."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Many of Jordan's contemporaries have said that Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement",
"text": "Since 2004, Jordan has owned Michael Jordan Motorsports, a professional closed-course motorcycle road racing team that competed with two Suzukis in the premier Superbike championship sanctioned by the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) until the end of the 2013 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Player profile",
"text": "For a guard, Jordan was also a good rebounder (6.2 per game).In 1988, Jordan was honored with the NBA's Defensive Player of the Year Award and became the first NBA player to win both the Defensive Player of the Year and Most Valuable Player awards in a career (since equaled by Hakeem Olajuwon, David Robinson, and Kevin Garnett; Olajuwon is the only player other than Jordan to win both during the same season)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In August 2009, the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts, opened a Michael Jordan exhibit that contained items from his college and NBA careers, as well as from the 1992 \"Dream Team\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Jordan became a grandfather in 2019 when his daughter Jasmine gave birth to a son, whose father is professional basketball player Rakeem Christmas."
}
] |
American basketball player Michael Jordan has multiple grandkids.
| 0 | 0 |
Michael Jordan
|
NOCAT
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kamehameha V (Lota Kapuāiwa Kalanimakua Aliʻiōlani Kalanikupuapaʻīkalaninui; December 11, 1830 – December 11, 1872), reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1863 to 1872."
}
] |
USfkJbREhMEJ209eOO1r
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Growth in travel to Hawaii",
"text": "Growth in travel to the islands increased during Kamehameha's reign."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kamehameha V (Lota Kapuāiwa Kalanimakua Aliʻiōlani Kalanikupuapaʻīkalaninui; December 11, 1830 – December 11, 1872), reigned as the fifth monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi from 1863 to 1872."
},
{
"section_header": "New constitution and new laws",
"text": "Under his reign, the laws against \"kahunaism\" were repealed."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "He was the last ruling monarch of the House of Kamehameha styled under the Kamehameha name."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "The constitution, in case I make no nomination, provides for the election of the next King; let it be so.\" With no heir at his death, the next monarch would be elected by the legislature."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "He was buried in the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii at Mauna ʻAla."
},
{
"section_header": "Succession",
"text": "His sister and only named Heir Apparent to the throne, Crown Princess Victoria Kamāmalu had died childless in 1866 and through the remainder of his reign, Kamehameha V did not name a successor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After leaving school (Kamehameha Kapalama in Hawaii), he traveled abroad with his brother Alexander Liholiho."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1862, he was officially added to the line of succession in an amendment to the 1852 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii."
},
{
"section_header": "New constitution and new laws",
"text": "On August 20, 1864, he signed the 1864 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii and took an oath to protect it."
}
] |
Kamehameha V reigned as the sixth monarch of Hawaii.
| 2 | 6 |
Kamehameha V
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Aesthetics",
"text": "It was originally reddish brown; this changed in 1968 to a bronze colour known as \"Eiffel Tower Brown\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Aesthetics",
"text": "The tower is painted in three shades: lighter at the top, getting progressively darker towards the bottom to complement the Parisian sky."
}
] |
USiWlFui60QcHmaKEIpi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Aesthetics",
"text": "The tower is painted in three shades: lighter at the top, getting progressively darker towards the bottom to complement the Parisian sky."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "A fire started in the television transmitter on 3 January 1956, damaging the top of the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Maintenance",
"text": "Maintenance of the tower includes applying 60 tons of paint every seven years to prevent it from rusting."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Engraved names",
"text": "At the beginning of the 20th century, the engravings were painted over, but they were restored in 1986–87 by the Société Nouvelle d'exploitation de la Tour Eiffel, a company operating the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Maintenance",
"text": "Lead paint was still being used as recently as 2001 when the practice was stopped out of concern for the environment."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inauguration and the 1889 exposition",
"text": "Tickets cost 2 francs for the first level, 3 for the second, and 5 for the top, with half-price admission on Sundays, and by the end of the exhibition there had been 1,896,987 visitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Aesthetics",
"text": "It was originally reddish brown; this changed in 1968 to a bronze colour known as \"Eiffel Tower Brown\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origin",
"text": "After some debate about the exact location of the tower, a contract was signed on 8 January 1887."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origin",
"text": "Sauvestre added decorative arches to the base of the tower, a glass pavilion to the first level, and other embellishments."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origin",
"text": "Eiffel was to receive all income from the commercial exploitation of the tower during the exhibition and for the next 20 years."
}
] |
The tower is painted in 3 shades and was originally silver.
| 2 | 7 |
Eiffel Tower
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "William Shakespeare was the son of John Shakespeare, an alderman and a successful glover (glove-maker) originally from Snitterfield, and Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowning farmer."
}
] |
USkg5DiHqYn3Vo5tvVeX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plays | Performances",
"text": "\"The actors in Shakespeare's company included the famous Richard Burbage, William Kempe, Henry Condell and John Heminges."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Classification of the plays",
"text": "Shakespeare's works include the 36 plays printed in the First Folio of 1623, listed according to their folio classification as comedies, histories, and tragedies."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "In 1709, Rowe passed down a tradition that Shakespeare played the ghost of Hamlet's father."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Shakespeare's work has made a lasting impression on later theatre and literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Scholars have identified 20,000 pieces of music linked to Shakespeare's works."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | London and theatrical career",
"text": "genius\". Greene's attack is the earliest surviving mention of Shakespeare's work in the theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Poems | Sonnets",
"text": "Published in 1609, the Sonnets were the last of Shakespeare's non-dramatic works to be printed."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "\"Shakespeare influenced novelists such as Thomas Hardy, William Faulkner, and Charles Dickens."
},
{
"section_header": "Speculation about Shakespeare | Religion",
"text": "The strongest evidence might be a Catholic statement of faith signed by his father, John Shakespeare, found in 1757 in the rafters of his former house in Henley Street."
},
{
"section_header": "Speculation about Shakespeare | Authorship",
"text": "Around 230 years after Shakespeare's death, doubts began to be expressed about the authorship of the works attributed to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "William Shakespeare was the son of John Shakespeare, an alderman and a successful glover (glove-maker) originally from Snitterfield, and Mary Arden, the daughter of an affluent landowning farmer."
}
] |
William Shakespeare's father worked in the carnival as a snake charmer.
| 0 | 0 |
William Shakespeare
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "During the 1970s, Total Football (Dutch: Totaalvoetbal) was invented, pioneered by Ajax and led by playmaker Johan Cruyff and national team head coach Rinus Michels."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "Since then everything looks more or less the same to me ... Their 'carousel' style of play was amazing to watch and marvelous for the game."
}
] |
UT9IDKDfbnjVdQ0JiUVu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Golden generations: 1996–2014",
"text": "Dutch football legend Johan Cruyff criticised the team's star players for poor build up play and sloppy execution of the easy passes."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "There, with the use of \"Total Football\" tactics, they recorded their first win in World Cup competition against Uruguay."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "Spain's winning goal came off a play in the 116th minute after the Netherlands went down to ten men."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Recent call-ups",
"text": "The following players have been called up for the team in the last 12 months."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "After finishing runner-up in Group 4 behind Peru, they recorded wins against Austria and Italy to set up a final with Argentina."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Kits and crest",
"text": "The Netherlands national football team famously plays in bright orange shirts."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Golden generations: 1996–2014",
"text": "Under new coach Bert van Marwijk, the Dutch went on to secure a 100% record in their World Cup 2010 qualification campaign to qualify for the World Cup."
},
{
"section_header": "Home stadiums",
"text": "The Dutch national team does not have a national stadium but plays mostly at the Johan Cruyff Arena."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "During the 1970s, Total Football (Dutch: Totaalvoetbal) was invented, pioneered by Ajax and led by playmaker Johan Cruyff and national team head coach Rinus Michels."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "Since then everything looks more or less the same to me ... Their 'carousel' style of play was amazing to watch and marvelous for the game."
}
] |
The Dutch came up with a new tactical method for playing football.
| 0 | 3 |
Netherlands national football team
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez was born on May 3, 1890, in Key West, Florida, the oldest of four children born to Cuban immigrants Jose and Loretta Pompez."
}
] |
UTwwOE6blOjrniRyBP0q
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Alex and his family struggled financially after his father willed his estate to the insurgency."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Alex Pompez owned the Cuban Stars of the Eastern Colored League between 1923 and 1928 and the New York Cubans of the Negro National League from 1935 to 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alejandro \"Alex\" Pompez (May 3, 1890 – March 14, 1974) was an American executive in Negro league baseball who owned the Cuban Stars (East) and New York Cubans franchises from 1916 to 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez was born on May 3, 1890, in Key West, Florida, the oldest of four children born to Cuban immigrants Jose and Loretta Pompez."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez scouted Latin America for the Giants, and they signed several players through Pompez, including Camilo Pascual, Tony Oliva and Orlando Cepeda."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez decided to return to the U.S. as a state witness in the investigation."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Several owners in the Negro National League, including Pompez, were numbers bankers."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "In 1950, Pompez submitted a favorable scouting report to the Giants on Fidel Castro."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez died in 1974 and is buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Pompez was one of New York's leading numbers bankers during the 1920s but was forced to join Dutch Schultz in 1932."
}
] |
Alex Pompez was a Cuban-American.
| 0 | 0 |
Alex Pompez
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture."
}
] |
UU4PoNRLbABnn7a4mdrT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Yet, he still remains a transcendent figure both in specifically political contexts and as a wide-ranging popular icon of youthful rebellion."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A major figure of the Cuban Revolution, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol of rebellion and global insignia in popular culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Congo",
"text": "Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who had fraternal relations with Che since his 1959 visit, saw Guevara's plan to fight in Congo as \"unwise\" and warned that he would become a \"Tarzan\" figure, doomed to failure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Guevara remains both a revered and reviled historical figure, polarized in the collective imagination in a multitude of biographies, memoirs, essays, documentaries, songs, and films."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In contrast, Guevara remains a hated figure amongst many in the Cuban exile and Cuban-American community of the United States, who view him as \"the butcher of La Cabaña\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban Revolution | Invasion, warfare, and Santa Clara",
"text": "To quell the rebellion, Cuban government troops began executing rebel prisoners on the spot, and regularly rounded up, tortured, and shot civilians as a tactic of intimidation."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "He was very much alive.\" The discovery of Che's remains metonymically activated a series of interlinked associations—rebel, martyr, rogue figure from a picaresque adventure, savior, renegade, extremist—in which there was no fixed divide among them."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-execution and memorial",
"text": "In the view of military historian Erik Durschmied: \"In those heady months of 1968, Che Guevara was not dead."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Che Guevara as \"an honest and committed revolutionary\", but also criticizes the fact that \"he never embraced socialism in its most democratic essence\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bolivia",
"text": "Before he departed for Bolivia, Guevara altered his appearance by shaving off his beard and much of his hair, also dying it grey so that he was unrecognizable as Che Guevara."
}
] |
Che Guevara is a figure of rebellion.
| 1 | 6 |
Che Guevara
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Around this time, he had given some thought to starting his own advertising agency."
}
] |
UUJcC2fnZZAmZJfuWFXb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ford Christopher Frick (December 19, 1894 – April 8, 1978) was an American sportswriter and baseball executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After working as a teacher and as a sportswriter for the New York American, he served as public relations director of the National League (NL), then as the league's president from 1934 to 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ford C. Frick Award recognizes outstanding MLB broadcasters."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He attended DePauw University, where he played first base for the DePauw baseball team and ran track."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He took classes at International Business College in Fort Wayne, then worked for a company that made engines for windmills."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The recognition from the flood helped Frick get a position with the New York American in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Frick presided over the expansion of the American and National Leagues from eight to ten teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Baseball Hall of Fame created the Ford C. Frick Award in 1978, and presents the award annually to a baseball broadcaster for major contributions to the game."
},
{
"section_header": "NL President",
"text": "An American Communist Party newspaper known as the Daily Worker asked Frick in 1937 about the feasibility of racially integrating baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | The \"asterisk\"",
"text": "Frick indeed called for some \"distinctive mark\" next to it in the \"record books\" - the asterisk as a designation was immediately suggested by New York Daily News sportswriter Dick Young - but MLB actually had no direct control over any record books until many years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Around this time, he had given some thought to starting his own advertising agency."
}
] |
American sportswriter Ford Christopher Frick ran his own company.
| 0 | 0 |
Ford Frick
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The buildings are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur, along with nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower; they remain the tallest buildings in Kuala Lumpur."
}
] |
UUSkPhKfwaOs1dCnvtc9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers, also known as the Petronas Twin Towers (Malay: Menara Petronas, or Menara Berkembar Petronas), are twin skyscrapers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The buildings are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur, along with nearby Kuala Lumpur Tower; they remain the tallest buildings in Kuala Lumpur."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The opening of the 2010 film Fair Game had scenes with the twin towers along with the skyline of Kuala Lumpur."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "A distinctive postmodern style was chosen to create a 21st-century icon for Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "The twin towers were built on the site of Kuala Lumpur's race track."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Applying a tube-structure for extreme tall buildings is a common phenomenon."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In the 2016 film Independence Day: Resurgence, the towers are dropped onto the London Tower Bridge by aliens, with a character commenting: \"They like to get the landmarks\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH)'s official definition and ranking, they were the tallest buildings in the world from 1998 to 2004, until they were surpassed by Taipei 101."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Petronas Towers remain the tallest twin towers in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "Below the twin towers is Suria KLCC, a shopping mall, and Petronas Philharmonic Hall, the home of the Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra."
}
] |
The twin skyscrapers are a landmark of Kuala Lumpur standing at 99-floors tall.
| 1 | 5 |
Petronas Towers
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco."
}
] |
UUghzIAI0X5MEu1fIcCt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was translated into English by William Weaver in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Games",
"text": "La Abadía del Crimen Extensum (The Abbey of Crime Extensum), a free remake of La Abadía del Crimen written in Java, was released on Steam in 2016 with English-, French-, Italian-, and Spanish-language versions."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "This text has also been translated as \"Yesterday's rose stands only in name, we hold only empty names."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The book's last line, \"Stat rosa pristina nomine, nomina nuda tenemus\" translates as: \" the rose of old remains only in its name; we possess naked names."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Music",
"text": "The Name of the Rose (1996), whose eponymous track is loosely based around some of the philosophical concepts of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "According to nominalism, universals are bare names: there is not a universal rose, only the name rose."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "They chose The Name of the Rose."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes",
"text": "The Name of the Rose has been described as a work of postmodernism."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The Name of the Rose \"came to me virtually by chance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Name of the Rose (Italian: Il nome della rosa [il ˈnoːme della ˈrɔːza]) is the 1980 debut novel by Italian author Umberto Eco."
}
] |
The novel The Name of the Rose was written in French and translated into English in 1983.
| 0 | 0 |
The Name of the Rose
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The stone originally weighed about 1500 tonnes, but was carved down during transportation to its current size."
}
] |
UVDU4Ka4BSCrLRI5jf5D
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bronze Horseman (Russian: Медный всадник, literally \"copper horseman\") is an equestrian statue of Peter the Great in the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg, Russia."
},
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "Due to the popularity of his work, the statue came to be called the \"Bronze Horseman\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "Catherine largely forgot about him afterwards, and came to see the Bronze Horseman as her own oeuvre."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "The statue portrays Peter the Great sitting heroically on his horse, his outstretched arm pointing towards the River Neva."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "Catherine the Great, a German princess who married into the Romanov line, was anxious to connect herself to Peter the Great to gain legitimacy in the eyes of the people."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "It took 12 years, from 1770 to 1782, to create the Bronze Horseman, including pedestal, horse and rider."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "On 7 August 1782, fourteen years after excavation of the pedestal began, the finished statue was unveiled in a ceremony with thousands in attendance."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "'Catherine the Second to Peter the First, 1782', an expression of her admiration for her predecessor and her view of her own place in the line of great Russian rulers."
},
{
"section_header": "Statue",
"text": "The equestrian statue of Peter"
},
{
"section_header": "Poem",
"text": "Evgenii curses the statue, furious at Peter the Great for founding a city in such an unsuitable location and indirectly causing the death of his beloved."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The stone originally weighed about 1500 tonnes, but was carved down during transportation to its current size."
}
] |
The Bronze Horseman is a statue of Peter the Great has a mass of about fifteen thousand tons.
| 0 | 0 |
The Bronze Horseman
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The risqué humour (often about sexual intrigue) and mostly gentle satiric barbs in these pieces, together with Offenbach's facility for melody, made them internationally known, and translated versions were successful in Vienna, London and elsewhere in Europe."
}
] |
UVjhYS5gIo5wCxzyXPiY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jacques Offenbach (, also US: , French: [ʒak ɔfɛnbak], German: [ˈʔɔfn̩bax] (listen); 20 June 1819 – 5 October 1880) was a German-born French composer, cellist and impresario of the Romantic period."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Salle Choiseul",
"text": "An earlier biographer, André Martinet, wrote, \"Jacques spent money without counting."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early years",
"text": "Both brothers adopted French forms of their names, Julius becoming Jules and Jacob becoming Jacques."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Other works",
"text": "Offenbach composed more than 50 non-operatic songs between 1838 and 1854, most of them to French texts, by authors including Alfred de Musset, Théophile Gautier and Jean de La Fontaine, and also ten to German texts."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Cello virtuoso",
"text": "Offenbach composed songs and incidental music for eleven classical and modern dramas for the Comédie Française in the early 1850s."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Then, as a contrast, he could compose songs of a simplicity, grace and beauty like the Letter Song from La Périchole, \"Chanson de Fortunio\", and the Grand Duchess's tender love song to Fritz: \"Dites-lui qu'on l'a remarqué distingué\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Cello virtuoso",
"text": "He made a favourable impression on the composer and conductor Fromental Halévy, who gave him lessons in composition and orchestration and wrote to Isaac Offenbach in Cologne that the young man was going to be a great composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and reputation | Influence",
"text": "The two creators of the Savoy operas, the librettist, Gilbert, and the composer, Sullivan, were both indebted to Offenbach and his partners for their satiric and musical styles, even borrowing plot components."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "Among other well-known Offenbach numbers are the Doll Song, \"Les oiseaux"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and reputation | Influence",
"text": "In Gammond's view, the Viennese composer most influenced by Offenbach was Franz von Suppé, who studied Offenbach's works carefully and wrote many successful operettas using them as a model."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The risqué humour (often about sexual intrigue) and mostly gentle satiric barbs in these pieces, together with Offenbach's facility for melody, made them internationally known, and translated versions were successful in Vienna, London and elsewhere in Europe."
}
] |
French composer Jacques Offenbach wrote satire into his songs.
| 0 | 0 |
Jacques Offenbach
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Peck's parents divorced when he was five, and he was brought up by his maternal grandmother, who took him to the movies every week."
}
] |
UVnQ0aydvLaGV93Ivwhy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "While he was a student there, his grandmother died."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "She converted to her husband's religion, Catholicism, and Peck was raised as a Catholic."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Peck's parents divorced when he was five, and he was brought up by his maternal grandmother, who took him to the movies every week."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his Irish-born paternal grandmother Catherine Ashe (1864–1926), Peck was related to Thomas Ashe (1885–1917), who participated in the Easter Rising less than three weeks after Peck's birth and died while being force-fed during his hunger strike in 1917."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | Overseas and New York (1954–1957)",
"text": "This was because new US tax laws had drastically raised the tax rate on high-income earners, but the tax amount due would be reduced if you worked outside the country for extended periods."
},
{
"section_header": "Death | Legacy",
"text": "Originally presented at the Dingle International Film Festival in his ancestral home in Dingle, Ireland, since 2014 it has been presented at the San Diego International Film Festival in the city where he was born and raised."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | Rapid critical and commercial success (1944–1946)",
"text": "\"In \"In Peck's next film he played a pristine, kind-hearted father, opposite wife Jane Wyman, whose son finds and insists on raising a three-day-old fawn in 1870s Florida, in The Yearling (1946)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They had a son, Anthony Peck (b. 1956), and a daughter, Cecilia Peck (b. 1958)."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | Worldwide fame (1950–1953)",
"text": "Peck makes the most of a colorful role."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | Overseas and New York (1954–1957)",
"text": "Peck did not have a film released in 1955."
}
] |
Peck was raised by his grandmother.
| 2 | 6 |
Gregory Peck
|
Technology
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Business units | Finance | Financial services",
"text": "The company is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan."
}
] |
UVsq3B0Ksy5BLbqxX7Lq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo",
"text": "On 7 May 1946, Ibuka was joined by Akio Morita to establish a company called Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo (東京通信工業, Tōkyō Tsūshin Kōgyō) (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo",
"text": "In 1946, Masaru Ibuka started an electronics shop in a department store building in Tokyo."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Globalization",
"text": "Ohga would succeed Morita as chief executive officer in 1989."
},
{
"section_header": "Business units | Entertainment | Sony Pictures Entertainment",
"text": "With 12.5% box office market share in 2011, the company was ranked third among movie studios."
},
{
"section_header": "Business units | Finance | Financial services",
"text": "The company is headquartered in Tokyo, Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Globalization",
"text": "In 2005, Howard Stringer replaced Nobuyuki Idei as chief executive officer, marking the first time that a foreigner had run a major Japanese electronics firm."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Name",
"text": "The primary reason they did not is that the railway company Tokyo Kyuko was known as TTK."
},
{
"section_header": "Business units | Finance | Financial services",
"text": "Sony Financial accounts for half of Sony's global earnings."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate information | Finances",
"text": "In May 2012, Sony's Market Capitalization was valued at about $15 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo",
"text": "Sony began in the wake of World War II."
}
] |
Sony's head office is located in Tokyo.
| 3 | 7 |
Sony
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War",
"text": "The First Boer War, also known as the First Anglo-Boer War or the Transvaal War, was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 and was the first clash between the British and the South African Republic (Z.A.R.) Boers."
}
] |
UW5WZHE2nJzRhSyI0W6F
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | Second Anglo-Boer War",
"text": "Over the following decade, many returned to South Africa and never signed the undertaking."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Afrikaner separatist militias",
"text": "He preached reconciliation as 'prescribed by God' in his later years."
},
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War",
"text": "The British consolidated their power over most of the colonies of South Africa in 1879 after the Anglo-Zulu War, and attempted to impose an unpopular system of confederation on the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Present military: South African National Defence Force",
"text": "Some of the Traditional South African Regiments have been serving the country for over a hundred and fifty years under various iterations of political systems and different governments."
},
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | Jameson Raid",
"text": "The Jameson Raid (29 December 1895 – 2 January 1896) was a raid on Paul Kruger's Transvaal Republic carried out by Leander Starr Jameson and his Rhodesian and Bechuanaland policemen over the New Year weekend of 1895–96."
},
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | First Anglo-Boer War",
"text": "The First Boer War, also known as the First Anglo-Boer War or the Transvaal War, was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 and was the first clash between the British and the South African Republic (Z.A.R.) Boers."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II | Military contributions in World War II",
"text": "Ultimately, Smuts would pay a steep political price for his closeness to the British establishment, to the King, and to Churchill which had made Smuts very unpopular among the conservative nationalistic Afrikaners, leading to his eventual downfall, whereas most English-speaking whites and a minority of liberal Afrikaners in South Africa remained loyal to him. (See Jan Smuts during World War II.) South Africa and its military forces contributed in many theatres of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | Jameson Raid",
"text": "It was intended to trigger an uprising by the primarily British expatriate workers (known as Uitlanders, or in English \"Foreigners\") in the Transvaal but failed to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Afrikaner separatist militias",
"text": "Terre'Blanche was sentenced for the attempted murder of security guard, Paul Motshabi, but he only served three years."
},
{
"section_header": "Boer Wars | Second Anglo-Boer War",
"text": "The war was fought between Great Britain and the two independent Boer republics of the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (referred to as the Transvaal by the British)."
}
] |
The Boer Wars were spread over many years between South Africa and English militias.
| 1 | 4 |
Boer Wars
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Chan was born and raised in Hong Kong, although her ancestors came from Shunde, Guangdong."
}
] |
UWLuYGCzBgATAk1mz708
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Margaret Chan is married to David Chan, who is an ophthalmologist."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017 | Second term",
"text": "In 2016 at the request of the WHA, Chan launched the Health Emergencies Programme."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This is a Hong Kong name; Fung is the maiden name and Chan is the married name."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003",
"text": "Chan survived the transition from British to PRC-HKSAR rule in June 1997."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017",
"text": "Chan served two terms of five years apiece as Director-General of the WHO."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Chan was born and raised in Hong Kong, although her ancestors came from Shunde, Guangdong."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early career",
"text": "Chan joined the Government of British Hong Kong in December 1978 as a medical officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Chan completed the Program for Management Development (PMD 61) at Harvard Business School in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017 | Second term",
"text": "Chan was again heavily criticised because of the slow response of the WHO to the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017",
"text": "In her acceptance speech, Chan indicated that universal coverage is a 'powerful equaliser' and the most powerful concept of public health."
}
] |
Chan grew up in Japan.
| 0 | 0 |
Margaret Chan
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was captain of the fencing team."
}
] |
UWh95p5bZZpaWesbHpFL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Raised Jewish, Zuckerberg once identified as an atheist but has since revised his views."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy and Chan Zuckerberg Initiative",
"text": "In October 2014, Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan donated US$25 million to combat the Ebola virus disease, specifically the West African Ebola virus epidemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Software developer | Early years",
"text": "Mark created them. \" Zuckerberg himself recalls this period: \"I had a bunch of friends who were artists."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Facebook",
"text": "On July 21, 2010, Zuckerberg reported that the company reached the 500 million-user mark."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Facebook",
"text": "\" Mark was clearly on to great things,\" said Laine, who was Facebook's fourteenth user."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mark Elliot Zuckerberg (; born May 14, 1984) is an American media magnate, internet entrepreneur, and philanthropist."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Facebook",
"text": "According to Zuckerberg, the group planned to return to Harvard, but eventually decided to remain in California."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Facebook",
"text": "Once at college, Zuckerberg's Facebook started off as just a \"Harvard thing\" until Zuckerberg decided to spread it to other schools, enlisting the help of roommate Dustin Moskovitz."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "On April 11, 2013, Zuckerberg led the launch of a 501(c)(4) lobbying group called FWD.us."
},
{
"section_header": "Depictions in media | The Social Network",
"text": "The film is based on the book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich, which the book's publicist once described as \"big juicy fun\" rather than \"reportage\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was captain of the fencing team."
}
] |
Mark Zuckerberg was once the leader of a combat sports group.
| 1 | 5 |
Mark Zuckerberg
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Works | Vocal music",
"text": "Partie a 4 in G major features no figuration for the lower part, which means that it was not a basso continuo and that, as Jean M. Perreault writes, \"this work may well count as the first true string quartet, at least within the Germanophone domain.\" Johann Gottfried Walther famously described Pachelbel's vocal works as \"more perfectly executed than anything before them\"."
}
] |
UY1exGIKsOlJDB5CKPVe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Fugues",
"text": "Pachelbel wrote more than one hundred fugues on free themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1673–1690: Career (Vienna, Eisenach, Erfurt)",
"text": "He requested a testimonial from Eberlin, who wrote one for him, describing Pachelbel as a 'perfect and rare virtuoso' –"
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard music | Chorale preludes",
"text": "Pachelbel wrote numerous chorales using this model (\"Auf meinen lieben Gott\", \"Ach wie elend ist unsre Zeit\", \"Wenn mein Stündlein vorhanden ist\", etc.), which soon became a standard form."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1673–1690: Career (Vienna, Eisenach, Erfurt)",
"text": "Pachelbel became godfather to Johann Ambrosius' daughter, Johanna Juditha, taught Johann Christoph Bach (1671–1721), Johann Sebastian's eldest brother, and lived in Johann Christian Bach's (1640–1682) house."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "He wrote more than two hundred pieces for the instrument, both liturgical and secular, and explored most of the genres that existed at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1653–1674: Early youth and education (Nuremberg, Altdorf, Regensburg)",
"text": "Johann Pachelbel was born in 1653 in Nuremberg into a middle-class family, son of Johann (Hans) Pachelbel (born 1613 in Wunsiedel, Germany), a wine dealer, and his second wife Anna (Anne) Maria Mair."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1673–1690: Career (Vienna, Eisenach, Erfurt)",
"text": "In June 1678, Pachelbel was employed as organist of the Predigerkirche in Erfurt, succeeding Johann Effler (c. 1640–1711; Effler later preceded Johann Sebastian Bach in Weimar)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | 1690–1706: Final years (Stuttgart, Gotha, Nuremberg)",
"text": "When former pupil Johann Christoph Bach married in October 1694, the Bach family celebrated the marriage on 23 October 1694 in Ohrdruf, and invited him and other composers to provide the music; he probably attended—if so, it was the only time Johann Sebastian Bach, then nine years old, met Johann Pachelbel."
},
{
"section_header": "Posthumous influence",
"text": "However, he did influence Johann Sebastian Bach indirectly; the young Johann Sebastian was tutored by his older brother Johann Christoph Bach, who studied with Pachelbel, but although J.S. Bach's early chorales and chorale variations borrow from Pachelbel's music, the style of northern German composers, such as Georg Böhm, Dieterich Buxtehude, and Johann Adam Reincken, played a more important role in the development of Bach's talent."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "For a complete list of works which includes pieces with questionable authorship and lost compositions, see List of compositions by Johann Pachelbel."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Vocal music",
"text": "Partie a 4 in G major features no figuration for the lower part, which means that it was not a basso continuo and that, as Jean M. Perreault writes, \"this work may well count as the first true string quartet, at least within the Germanophone domain.\" Johann Gottfried Walther famously described Pachelbel's vocal works as \"more perfectly executed than anything before them\"."
}
] |
Johann Pachelbel wrote music exclusively for instrumentalists.
| 1 | 2 |
Johann Pachelbel
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "\"The Berlin Congress of 1878 and the Origins Of World War I."
}
] |
UYUcZ3GQ66fnYOEp0fFw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Great powers in Balkans",
"text": "The Balkans were a major stage for competition between the European great powers in the second half of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "Medlicott, William Norton. Congress of Berlin and After (1963) Medlicott, W. N. \"Diplomatic Relations after the Congress of Berlin\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In Russia, the Congress of Berlin was considered to be a dismal failure."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "\"The Berlin Congress of 1878 and the Origins Of World War I."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "How and even whether that was to proceed would be the major question to be answered at the Congress of Berlin."
},
{
"section_header": "Bismarck as host",
"text": "Also, at the Congress of Berlin, \"Germany could not look for any advantage from the crisis\" that had occurred in the Balkans in 1875."
},
{
"section_header": "Bismarck as host",
"text": "One reason that Bismarck was able to mediate the various tensions at the Congress of Berlin was his diplomatic persona."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "The Origins of the War of 1914: European relations from the Congress of Berlin to the eve of the Sarajevo murder."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "The Idea of National Self-Determination and the Recognition of New States at the Congress of Berlin (1878)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bismarck as host",
"text": "Bismarck's ultimate goal during the Congress of Berlin was not to upset Germany's status on the international platform."
}
] |
The Congress of Berlin happened in the 19th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Congress of Berlin
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play satirizes the hypocrisies of French aristocratic society, but it also engages a more serious tone when pointing out the flaws that all humans possess."
}
] |
UZAUVda206wiXlXetzpo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Misanthrope, or the Cantankerous Lover (French: Le Misanthrope ou l'Atrabilaire amoureux; French pronunciation: [lə mizɑ̃tʁɔp u latʁabilɛːʁ amuʁø]) is a 17th-century comedy of manners in verse written by Molière."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Martin Crimp's adaptation, starring Damian Lewis and Keira Knightley, opened at the Comedy Theatre, London in December 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Alceste The protagonist and \"misanthrope\" of the title."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molière has received much criticism for The Misanthrope."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage productions",
"text": "The Misanthrope was first performed at the Stratford Festival in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage productions",
"text": "Brian Bedford returned to Broadway to star as Alceste at the Circle in the Square Theatre January 27 - March 27, 1983 with Carole Shelley as Arsinoe, Mary Beth Hurt as Celimene and Stanley Tucci as Dubois in a production directed by Stephen Porter using the Richard Wilbur translation."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Despite his sour reputation as \"the misanthrope\", Alceste does have women pining for him, particularly the prudish Arsinoé and the honest Eliante."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The School for Lies by David Ives (2011) was described by the New York Times as a \"freewheeling rewrite of The Misanthrope\".."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Grouch, a more modern verse version of The Misanthrope by Ranjit Bolt was first performed at West Yorkshire Playhouse in February 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Justin Fleming has translated and adapted The Misanthrope in varied rhyme scheme with Alceste as a woman and Celimene as a young man for Bell Shakespeare Company and Griffin Theatre Company co-production in the Sydney Opera House Playhouse Theatre 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play satirizes the hypocrisies of French aristocratic society, but it also engages a more serious tone when pointing out the flaws that all humans possess."
}
] |
The Misanthrope comedy mocks Marie Antoinette's kingdom.
| 0 | 1 |
The Misanthrope
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1986, Levi-Montalcini and collaborator Stanley Cohen received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, as well as the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research."
}
] |
UZGWkqi5bS3wMVJTlXPl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career and research",
"text": "Levi-Montalcini earned a Nobel Prize along with Stanley Cohen in 1986 in the physiology or medicine category."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with colleague Stanley Cohen for the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rita Levi-Montalcini (US: , Italian: [ˈriːta ˈlɛːvi montalˈtʃiːni]; 22 April 1909 – 30 December 2012) was an Italian Nobel laureate, honored for her work in neurobiology."
},
{
"section_header": "Career and research",
"text": "The two earned their Nobel Prizes for their research in to the nerve growth factor (NGF), the protein that causes cell growth due to stimulated nerve tissue."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1986, Levi-Montalcini and collaborator Stanley Cohen received the Nobel Prize in Medicine, as well as the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "This made her the fourth Nobel Prize winner to come from Italy's small (less than 50,000 people) but very old Jewish community, after Emilio Segrè, Salvador Luria (a university colleague and friend) and Franco Modigliani."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1985, she was awarded the Ralph W. Gerard Prize in Neuroscience."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the time of her death, she was the oldest living Nobel laureate."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "She had two sisters: Anna, five years older than Rita, and Paola, her twin sister, a popular artist who died on 29 September 2000, age 91."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The vision of Rita Levi-Montalcini came true with the issuing of the Trieste Declaration of Human Duties and the foundation in 1993 of the International Council of Human Duties, International Council of Human Duties (ICHD), at the University of Trieste."
}
] |
Rita Levi-Montalciniwon won the Nobel prize.
| 1 | 4 |
Rita Levi-Montalcini
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Brazil occupies a large area along the eastern coast of South America and includes much of the continent's interior, sharing land borders with Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Colombia to the northwest; and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and France (French overseas region of French Guiana) to the north."
}
] |
UZU9d4UZTToZD9q975QK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transport",
"text": "Coastal shipping links widely separated parts of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "An equatorial climate characterizes much of northern Brazil."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The official Portuguese name of the land, in original Portuguese records, was the \"Land of the Holy Cross\" (Terra da Santa Cruz), but European sailors and merchants commonly called it simply the \"Land of Brazil\" (Terra do Brasil) because of the brazilwood trade."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Brazil occupies a large area along the eastern coast of South America and includes much of the continent's interior, sharing land borders with Uruguay to the south; Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest; Bolivia and Peru to the west; Colombia to the northwest; and Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and France (French overseas region of French Guiana) to the north."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transport",
"text": "There are about 2,500 airports in Brazil, including landing fields: the second largest number in the world, after the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "Some early sailors called it the \"Land of Parrots\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Administrative divisions",
"text": "Despite this, states have much less autonomy to create their own laws than in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in 1500 of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral, who claimed the area for the Portuguese Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early republic",
"text": "Vargas committed suicide in August 1954 amid a political crisis, after having returned to power by election in 1950."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Portuguese colonization",
"text": "The land now called Brazil was claimed for the Portuguese Empire on 22 April 1500, with the arrival of the Portuguese fleet commanded by Pedro Álvares Cabral."
}
] |
Brazil does not have much land that is not coastal.
| 0 | 0 |
Brazil
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Interior | The Big Void",
"text": "In 2017, scientists from the ScanPyramids project discovered a large cavity above the Grand Gallery using muon radiography, which they called the \"ScanPyramids Big Void\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | The Big Void",
"text": "To verify the \"ScanPyramids Big Void\" and pinpoint the same, a Japanese team of researchers from Kyushu University, Tohoku University, the University of Tokyo and the Chiba Institute of Technology plans to rescan the structure with a newly developed muon detector in 2020."
}
] |
UZfVzGKezM85YuoteYaa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Materials | Casing stones",
"text": "Later explorers reported massive piles of rubble at the base of the pyramids left over from the continuing collapse of the casing stones, which were subsequently cleared away during continuing excavations of the site."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Queen's Chamber",
"text": "The shafts in the Queen's Chamber were explored in 1993 by the German engineer Rudolf Gantenbrink using a crawler robot he designed, Upuaut 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Looting",
"text": "E. S. Edwards discusses Strabo's mention that the pyramid \"a little way up one side has a stone that may be taken out, which being raised up there is a sloping passage to the foundations\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Modern entrance",
"text": "Due to a number of historical and archaeological discrepancies, many scholars (with Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy perhaps being the first) contend that this story is apocryphal."
},
{
"section_header": "Materials | Casing stones",
"text": "In 1303 AD, a massive earthquake loosened many of the outer casing stones, which in 1356 were carted away by Bahri Sultan An-Nasir Nasir-ad-Din al-Hasan to build mosques and fortresses in nearby Cairo."
},
{
"section_header": "Materials | Casing stones",
"text": "Petrie related the precision of the casing stones as to being \"equal to opticians' work of the present day, but on a scale of acres\" and \"to place such stones in exact contact would be careful work; but to do so with cement in the joints seems almost impossible\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Pyramid complex",
"text": "On the south side are the subsidiary pyramids, popularly known as the Queens' Pyramids."
},
{
"section_header": "Pyramid complex",
"text": "The Great Pyramid is surrounded by a complex of several buildings including small pyramids."
},
{
"section_header": "Pyramid complex",
"text": "In light of this new discovery, as to where then the pyramid workers may have lived, Lehner suggested the alternative possibility they may have camped on the ramps he believes were used to construct the pyramids or possibly at nearby quarries."
},
{
"section_header": "Pyramid complex",
"text": "There are only a few remnants of the causeway which linked the pyramid with the valley and the Valley Temple."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | The Big Void",
"text": "In 2017, scientists from the ScanPyramids project discovered a large cavity above the Grand Gallery using muon radiography, which they called the \"ScanPyramids Big Void\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | The Big Void",
"text": "To verify the \"ScanPyramids Big Void\" and pinpoint the same, a Japanese team of researchers from Kyushu University, Tohoku University, the University of Tokyo and the Chiba Institute of Technology plans to rescan the structure with a newly developed muon detector in 2020."
}
] |
There's a massive inaccessible cavern in the pyramid that has yet to be properly mapped or explored.
| 3 | 5 |
Great Pyramid of Giza
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States Senator."
}
] |
UZlfKRjpGunOyZNotNEl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Lawyer and state senator | Early career and involvement in politics",
"text": "Since the leading candidate in opposition to President John Quincy Adams was General Andrew Jackson, a Mason who mocked opponents of the order, Anti-Masonry became closely associated with opposition to Jackson, and to his policies once he was elected president in 1828.Governor DeWitt Clinton had nominated Seward as Cayuga County Surrogate in late 1827 or early 1828, but as Seward was unwilling to support Jackson, he was not confirmed by the state Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawyer and state senator | State senator and gubernatorial candidate",
"text": "During his term as state senator, Seward traveled extensively, visiting other anti-Jackson leaders, including former president Adams."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | 1864 election; Hampton Roads Conference",
"text": "Administration forces turned back Dickinson's bid, nominating instead Military Governor of Tennessee Andrew Johnson, with whom Seward had served in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "U.S. Senator | Second term",
"text": "In a message to Congress in December 1857, President Buchanan advocated the admission of Kansas as a slave state under the Lecompton Constitution, passed under dubious circumstances."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | Involvement in wartime detentions",
"text": "Greenhow had sent a stream of reports south, which continued even after she was placed under house arrest."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawyer and state senator | State senator and gubernatorial candidate",
"text": "Kentucky Senator Henry Clay, an opponent of Jackson, was a Mason, and thus unacceptable as party standard-bearer."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | 1864 election; Hampton Roads Conference",
"text": "Seward was by then unpopular among many Republicans and opponents sought to prompt his replacement by making Lincoln's running mate former New York Democratic senator Daniel S. Dickinson; under the political customs of the time, one state could not hold two positions as prestigious as vice president and Secretary of State."
},
{
"section_header": "Lawyer and state senator | State senator and gubernatorial candidate",
"text": "The Regency (or the Democrats, as the national party led by Jackson and supported by Van Buren was becoming known) controlled the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State | Lincoln administration | Diplomacy",
"text": "With two more such vessels under construction the following year, supposedly for French interests, Seward pressed Palmerston not to allow them to leave port, and, nearly complete, they were seized by British officials in October 1863."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of New York",
"text": "Although the Van Buren administration had agreed with Seward that McLeod should be tried under state law, its successor did not, and urged that charges against McLeod be dropped."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was United States Secretary of State from 1861 to 1869, and earlier served as governor of New York and as a United States Senator."
}
] |
Seward was Secretary of State under Andrew Jackson.
| 0 | 0 |
William H. Seward
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "HP was incorporated on August 18, 1947, and went public on November 6, 1957.Of the many projects they worked on, their first financially successful product was a precision audio oscillator known as the Model HP200A."
}
] |
UZu5dr2tUWWVj9DAfAlZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "HP Associates was co-founded by another former Bell Labs researcher, MOSFET (MOS transistor) inventor Mohamed Atalla, who served as Director of Semiconductor Research."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "Hewlett-Packard's HP Associates division, established around 1960, developed semiconductor devices primarily for internal use."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "During the 1960s, HP partnered with Sony and the Yokogawa Electric companies in Japan to develop several high-quality products."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "They tossed a coin to decide whether the company they founded would be called Hewlett-Packard (HP) or Packard-Hewlett."
},
{
"section_header": "Products and organizational structure",
"text": "Founded in 1966, HP Labs aimed to deliver new technologies and to create business opportunities that go beyond HP's current strategies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The company was founded in a one-car garage in Palo Alto, California by Bill Hewlett and David Packard in 1939, and initially produced a line of electronic test and measurement equipment."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "HP experimented with using Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) minicomputers with its instruments, but after deciding that it would be easier to build another small design team than deal with DEC, HP entered the computer market in 1966 with the HP 2100 / HP 1000 series of minicomputers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "In 1963, HP and Yokogawa formed the joint venture Yokogawa-Hewlett-Packard to market HP products in Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "The series was produced for 20 years, in spite of several attempts to replace it, and was a forerunner of the HP 9800 and HP 250 series of desktop and business computers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1960s",
"text": "Instruments and calculators were some of the products using semiconductor devices from HP Associates."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "HP was incorporated on August 18, 1947, and went public on November 6, 1957.Of the many projects they worked on, their first financially successful product was a precision audio oscillator known as the Model HP200A."
}
] |
HP was founded in the 1960s.
| 0 | 0 |
Hewlett-Packard
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2008–2012: Guardiola era",
"text": "In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico."
}
] |
UZvxnO4x1sdYR0M3JBwj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1978: Club de Fútbol Barcelona",
"text": "However, they lost 2–3 to Benfica in the final."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1923–1957: Rivera, Republic and Civil War",
"text": "Events like this made CF Barcelona represent much more than just Catalonia and many progressive Spaniards saw the club as a staunch defender of rights and freedoms."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "There are also other facilities, which include: Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper (FC Barcelona's training ground) Masia-Centre de Formació Oriol Tort (Residence of young players) Mini Estadi (Home of the reserve team) Palau Blaugrana (FC Barcelona indoor sports arena) Palau Blaugrana 2 (Secondary indoor arena of FC Barcelona) Palau de Gel (FC Barcelona ice rink) S"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1899–1922: Beginnings",
"text": "The last edition was held in 1914 in the city of Barcelona, which local rivals Espanyol won."
},
{
"section_header": "Club rivalries | El derbi Barceloní",
"text": "The founding message of the club was clearly anti-Barcelona, and they disapprovingly saw FC Barcelona as a team of foreigners."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2008–2012: Guardiola era",
"text": "In November 2010, Barcelona defeated their main rival Real Madrid 5–0 in El Clásico."
},
{
"section_header": "Club rivalries | El derbi Barceloní",
"text": "Barça's local rival has always been Espanyol."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1923–1957: Rivera, Republic and Civil War",
"text": "He was dubbed the martyr of barcelonisme, and his murder was a defining moment in the history of FC Barcelona and Catalan identity."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1978–2000: Núñez and stabilization",
"text": "In 1978, Josep Lluís Núñez became the first elected president of FC Barcelona, and, since then, the members of Barcelona have elected the club president."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1899–1922: Beginnings",
"text": "FC Barcelona had a successful start in regional and national cups, competing in the Campionat de Catalunya and the Copa del Rey."
}
] |
FC Barcelona and Benfica are staunch rivals.
| 2 | 6 |
FC Barcelona
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "This construction is the first phase in an overall plan to renovate JFK airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "On January 7, 2020, construction began on expanding and improving Terminal 8."
}
] |
UaAPHp8sAJSQI9ifHPWg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 7",
"text": "Despite being operated by British Airways, a major A380 operator, Terminal 7 is not currently able to handle the aircraft type."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Other facilities",
"text": "In the lawsuit, the owner stated that Ark had incurred large operational losses because many animals were instead being transported to a United States Department of Agriculture facility in Newburgh."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early operations",
"text": "Idlewild at the time had a single 79,280-square-foot (7,365 m2) terminal building; by 1949, the terminal building was being expanded to 215,501 square feet (20,021 m2)."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 5",
"text": "terminal has a TSA Pre check point for expedited security checks and is open from 3am to 11pm."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Separate terminals",
"text": "The terminal was demolished in 1995 and replaced with the current Terminal 1.American Airlines opened Terminal 8 in February 1960."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "American Airlines, the third-largest carrier at JFK, manages Terminal 8 and is the largest carrier at the terminal."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals",
"text": "At JFK, all terminals are currently managed by airlines or consortiums of the airlines serving them, with the exception of the Schiphol Group-operated Terminal 4."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reconstruction",
"text": "No start date has yet been proposed for the project; in July 2017, Cuomo's office began accepting proposals for master plans to renovate the airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "In 1999, American Airlines began an eight-year program to build the largest passenger terminal at JFK, designed by DMJM Aviation to replace both Terminal 8 and Terminal 9."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Other facilities",
"text": "Sheltair is the current FBO on the field serving General Aviation traffic."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "This construction is the first phase in an overall plan to renovate JFK airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities | Terminals | Terminal 8",
"text": "On January 7, 2020, construction began on expanding and improving Terminal 8."
}
] |
Terminal 8 is being currently being redone and is the starting point of a multiphase rehabilitation of JFK.
| 0 | 0 |
John F. Kennedy International Airport
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation."
}
] |
UaeXeI07WctqBIqFKBlc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In industrial chemistry, distillation is a unit operation of practically universal importance, but it is a physical separation process, not a chemical reaction."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "This process is one of the simplest unit operations, being equivalent to a distillation with only one equilibrium stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "The unit process of evaporation may also be called \"distillation\": In rotary evaporation a vacuum distillation apparatus is used to remove bulk solvents from a sample."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications of distillation",
"text": "This results in a more detailed control of the separation process."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Vacuum distillation",
"text": "Once the pressure is lowered to the vapor pressure of the compound (at the given temperature), boiling and the rest of the distillation process can commence."
},
{
"section_header": "Distillation in food processing | Distilled beverages",
"text": "Some of these beverages are then stored in barrels or other containers to acquire more flavor compounds and characteristic flavors."
},
{
"section_header": "Laboratory scale distillation | Other types",
"text": "Catalytic distillation is the process by which the reactants are catalyzed while being distilled to continuously separate the products from the reactants."
},
{
"section_header": "Idealized distillation model | Continuous distillation",
"text": "Equilibrium stages are ideal steps where compositions achieve vapor–liquid equilibrium, repeating the separation process and allowing better separation given a reflux ratio."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Coffey's continuous still may be regarded as the archetype of modern petrochemical units."
}
] |
Distillation is the process of separating the ions in compound units formula.
| 0 | 0 |
Distillation
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bert Blyleven (born Rik Aalbert Blijleven, April 6, 1951) is a Dutch American former professional baseball pitcher who played from 1970 to 1992."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Blyleven was born in the Netherlands but was raised in Garden Grove, California where he attended Santiago High School."
}
] |
UbDRfFLV8Mdw2zg71xLM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Bert was a terrific pitcher—a dominating pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentating career",
"text": "Fans—both at home and at road games—carry signs to the games saying \"Circle me Bert."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bert Blyleven (born Rik Aalbert Blijleven, April 6, 1951) is a Dutch American former professional baseball pitcher who played from 1970 to 1992."
},
{
"section_header": "Commentating career",
"text": "In 1996, Blyleven became a color commentator for the Twins."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father moved the family to Melville, Saskatchewan when Blyleven was two years old, and he then moved his family to Southern California when Blyleven was five years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "\"Blyleven was a pitching coach for the Netherlands in the 2009 World Baseball Classic."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Blyleven missed the entire 1991 season following rotator cuff surgery."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Blyleven was one of baseball's most notorious dugout pranksters during his playing days."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A renowned curveball pitcher, Blyleven was a two-time All-Star and World Series champion."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Blyleven became disgruntled with the Pirates and threatened to retire during the 1980 season if he was not traded."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Blyleven was born in the Netherlands but was raised in Garden Grove, California where he attended Santiago High School."
}
] |
Bert Blyleven was Irish descant.
| 0 | 3 |
Bert Blyleven
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He died on 14 December 2013 at Wellington Hospital in St John's Wood, London, at the age of 81."
}
] |
UbGXClCXjvHroYpmxeiy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "O'Toole retired from acting in July 2012 due to a recurrence of stomach cancer."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "His stomach cancer was misdiagnosed as resulting from his alcoholic excess."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Final years",
"text": "On 10 July 2012, O'Toole released a statement announcing his retirement from acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "His support of Sunderland was passed on to him through his father, who was a labourer in Sunderland for many years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Final years",
"text": "O'Toole's final performances came in Highway to Hell (2012) and For Greater Glory: The True Story of Cristiada (2012)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "O'Toole underwent surgery in 1976 to have his pancreas and a large portion of his stomach removed, which resulted in insulin-dependent diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In an interview for The New York Times, he said \"No one can take Jesus away from me... there's no doubt there was a historical figure of tremendous importance, with enormous notions."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "O'Toole and his girlfriend, model Karen Brown, had a son, Lorcan O'Toole (born 17 March 1983), when O'Toole was fifty years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | The Ruling Class",
"text": "O'Toole did not make a film for several years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Partnership with Jules Buck",
"text": "O'Toole turned down the lead role in The Cardinal (1963)."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He died on 14 December 2013 at Wellington Hospital in St John's Wood, London, at the age of 81."
}
] |
O'Toole passed away from complications from stomach cancer in 2012.
| 0 | 2 |
Peter O'Toole
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early proposals in Panama",
"text": "In 1848, the discovery of gold in California, on the West Coast of the United States, generated renewed interest in a canal crossing between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans."
}
] |
UbSRree8MnWJP1BMEGJs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early proposals in Panama",
"text": "His report was published as a book entitled The Practicability and Importance of a Ship Canal to Connect the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Goethals replaces Stevens as chief engineer",
"text": "This flooded the Culebra Cut, thereby joining the Atlantic and Pacific oceans via the Panama Canal."
},
{
"section_header": "Canal | Layout",
"text": "While globally the Atlantic Ocean is east of the isthmus and the Pacific is west, the general direction of the canal passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific is from northwest to southeast, because of the shape of the isthmus at the point the canal occupies."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early proposals in Panama",
"text": "In 1848, the discovery of gold in California, on the West Coast of the United States, generated renewed interest in a canal crossing between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans."
},
{
"section_header": "History | United States construction of the Panama canal, 1904–1914",
"text": "Gatun Lake would connect to the Pacific through the mountains at the Gaillard (Culebra) Cut."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early proposals in Panama",
"text": "They referred to it as the Atlantic and Pacific Canal, and it was a wholly British endeavor."
},
{
"section_header": "Issues leading to expansion | Water issues",
"text": "The mean sea level at the Pacific side is about 20 cm (8 in) higher than that of the Atlantic side due to differences in ocean conditions such as water density and weather."
},
{
"section_header": "Canal | Layout",
"text": "The layout of the canal as seen by a ship passing from the Atlantic to the Pacific is: From the formal marking line of the Atlantic Entrance, one enters Limón Bay (Bahía Limón), a large natural harbor."
},
{
"section_header": "Canal | Layout",
"text": "Nearby is Panama City. From this harbor an entrance/exit channel leads to the Pacific Ocean (Gulf of Panama), 8¼ mi (13.2 km) from the Miraflores Locks, passing under the Bridge of the Americas."
}
] |
The Panama Canal connects both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
| 0 | 0 |
Panama Canal
|
History
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes."
}
] |
UbwTdRByS76RIP6tkbHh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Marathon was a watershed in the Greco-Persian wars, showing the Greeks that the Persians could be beaten; the eventual Greek triumph in these wars can be seen to have begun at Marathon."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "The distance between the two armies at the point of battle had narrowed to \"a distance not less than 8 stadia\" or about 1,500 meters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Greek army decisively defeated the more numerous Persians, marking a turning point in the Greco-Persian Wars."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "Herodotus suggests that this was the first time a Greek army ran into battle in this way; this was probably because it was the first time that a Greek army had faced an enemy composed primarily of missile troops."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "However, it was also the result of the longer-term interaction between the Greeks and Persians."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude",
"text": "Herodotus suggests that command rotated between the strategoi, each taking in turn a day to command the army."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "Among the dead were the war archon Callimachus and the general Stesilaos."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle",
"text": "Passing through the hail of arrows launched by the Persian army, protected for the most part by their armour, the Greek line finally made contact with the enemy army."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude",
"text": "There does, however, seem to have been a delay between the Athenian arrival at Marathon and the battle; Herodotus, who evidently believed that Miltiades was eager to attack, may have made a mistake while seeking to explain this delay."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Marathon run",
"text": "In some medieval codices of Herodotus, the name of the runner between Athens and Sparta before the battle is given as Philippides, and this name is also preferred in a few modern editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes."
}
] |
The Battle of Marathon was a war between the people of St. Petersburg and the Greek army.
| 2 | 6 |
Battle of Marathon
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "The first change in the crest occurred in 1908 when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle."
}
] |
UcSvsadeWEHFVxsQTpkC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "The next change in the configuration of the crest did not occur until the presidency of Pedro Parages in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "The first change in the crest occurred in 1908 when the letters adopted a more streamlined form and appeared inside a circle."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "At that time, King Alfonso XIII granted the club his royal patronage which came in the form of the title \"Real Madrid,\" meaning \"Royal.\" Thus, Alfonso's crown was added to the crest and the club styled itself Real Madrid Club de Fútbol."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "By the early 1940s, the manager changed the kit again by adding buttons to the shirt and the club's crest on the left breast, which has remained ever since."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "One of the modifications made was changing the mulberry stripe to a more bluish shade."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "In addition, the whole crest was made full color, with gold being the most prominent, and the club was again called Real Madrid Club de Fútbol."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "With the dissolution of the monarchy in 1931, all the royal symbols (the crown on the crest and the title of Real) were eliminated."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "It was an initiative undertaken by Escobal and Quesada in 1925; the two were traveling through England when they noticed the kit worn by London-based team Corinthian F.C., one of the most famous teams at the time known for its elegance and sportsmanship."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Crests",
"text": "The most recent modification to the crest occurred in 2001 when the club wanted to better situate itself for the 21st century and further standardize its crest."
},
{
"section_header": "Crests and colours | Colours",
"text": "It was decided that Real Madrid would wear black shorts in an attempt to replicate the English team, but the initiative lasted just one year."
}
] |
Real Madrid C.F. changes their team crest multiple times.
| 1 | 2 |
Real Madrid C.F.
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "I've never seen anyone who could affect a game like that.\" Gossage said that Rivera \"might be the greatest closer of all-time\" but suggested that the modern closer's job has become too specialized and easy compared to multiple-inning \"firemen\" from Gossage's era; Rivera had only one regular season save of seven-plus outs in his career, whereas Gossage logged 53."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013."
}
] |
Ucr7zrBl4QgCDtvVa3ZT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1995–2013) | 2006–2008",
"text": "He averaged 9.81 strikeouts per 9 innings pitched, his best mark as a closer."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 2016, ESPN.com ranked Rivera 49th on its list of the greatest MLB players, while The Athletic ranked him the 91st-greatest player in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Hall of Fame starter-turned-closer Dennis Eckersley called him \"the best ever, no doubt\", while Trevor Hoffman said he \"will go down as the best reliever in the game in history\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1995–2013) | 1998–2001",
"text": "On July 8, he saved two games, each played in a different ballpark, as part of a day-night doubleheader against the New York Mets at Shea Stadium and Yankee Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In a 2009 ESPN.com poll, Rivera was voted one of the top five postseason players in MLB history."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1995–2013) | 2013",
"text": "During the All-Star Game, held at Citi Field in New York, Rivera was called upon to pitch in the eighth inning for his final All-Star appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1995–2013) | 2013",
"text": "On September 22, 2013, a day that Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg declared \"Mariano Rivera Day\", the Yankees held a 50-minute pre-game tribute to Rivera at Yankee Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The family lived in Panama until 2000, when they relocated to Westchester County, New York; as of January 2019, Rivera resides in Rye, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Business interests and endorsements",
"text": "Rivera was an investor in two New York area restaurants: \"Clubhouse Grill\", which opened in New Rochelle in 2006 as \"Mo's New York Grill\"; and Siro's, which opened in Manhattan in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "I've never seen anyone who could affect a game like that.\" Gossage said that Rivera \"might be the greatest closer of all-time\" but suggested that the modern closer's job has become too specialized and easy compared to multiple-inning \"firemen\" from Gossage's era; Rivera had only one regular season save of seven-plus outs in his career, whereas Gossage logged 53."
}
] |
Mariano Rivera is considered the greatest closer in baseball history and the best player on the New York Mets.
| 5 | 8 |
Mariano Rivera
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origins | Initiation of project",
"text": "Public opinion strongly favoured a drive-through tunnel, but concerns about ventilation, accident management and driver mesmerisation led to the only shortlisted rail submission, CTG/F-M, being awarded the project in January 1986."
}
] |
UdHQlXneZjpPEXlAaa2t
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Origins | Initiation of project",
"text": "Flexilink continued rousing opposition throughout 1986 and 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Initiation of project",
"text": "Public opinion strongly favoured a drive-through tunnel, but concerns about ventilation, accident management and driver mesmerisation led to the only shortlisted rail submission, CTG/F-M, being awarded the project in January 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Completion",
"text": "The tunnel was officially opened, one year later than originally planned, by Queen Elizabeth II and the French president, François Mitterrand, in a ceremony held in Calais on 6 May 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Operation | No-deal Brexit plan",
"text": "Under a planned legislation which was published on 12 February 2019, it will give the UK and France time to renegotiate the terms under which the railway service operates."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Completion",
"text": "Eurotunnel completed the tunnel on time. (A BBC TV television commentator called Graham Fagg \"the first man to cross the Channel by land for 8000 years\".) The two tunnelling efforts met each other with an offset of only 36.2 cm."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "Working from both the English side and the French side of the Channel, eleven tunnel boring machines or TBMs cut through chalk marl to construct two rail tunnels and a service tunnel."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "At the peak of construction 15,000 people were employed with daily expenditure over £3 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Geology",
"text": "A 1986 survey showed that a tributary crossed the path of the tunnel, and so the tunnel route was made as far north and deep as possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Tunnelling",
"text": "The French TBMs then completed the tunnel and were dismantled."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "In 1985 prices, the total construction cost was £4.65 billion (equivalent to £13 billion in 2015), an 80% cost overrun."
}
] |
Initial plans for the construction of the tunnel were completed in 1986
| 1 | 6 |
Channel Tunnel
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
}
] |
Ue3LKj4FehisGr3xQfht
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His father, Abraham Van Buren, was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen in Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631, and purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founder of the Democratic Party, he had previously served as the ninth governor of New York, the tenth United States secretary of state, and the eighth vice president of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Van Buren's home in Kinderhook, New York, which he called Lindenwald, is now the Martin Van Buren National Historic Site."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency, 1837–1841 | Presidential election of 1840",
"text": "They threw such jabs as \"Van, Van, is a used-up man\" and \"Martin Van Ruin\" and ridiculed him in newspapers and cartoons."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Retirement",
"text": "He is buried in the Kinderhook Reformed Dutch Church Cemetery, as are his wife Hannah, his parents, and his son Martin Van Buren Jr."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Martin Van Buren ( van BEWR-ən; born Maarten Van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was an American statesman who served as the eighth president of the United States from 1837 to 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Her second marriage produced five children, of which Martin was the third."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Also, in an episode of The Monkees, \"Dance, Monkee, Dance\", a dance instruction studio offers free lessons to anyone who can answer the question, \"Who was the eighth president of the United States?\" Martin Van Buren appears at the studio to claim the prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "As noted in a 2014 Time magazine article on the \"Top 10 Forgettable Presidents\": Making himself nearly disappear completely from the history books was probably not the trick the \"Little Magician\" Martin Van Buren had in mind, but his was the first truly forgettable American presidency."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1840, a surge of new voters — who nicknamed him \"Martin Van Ruin\" — helped turn out of office."
}
] |
Martin Van Buren is the tenth president of America.
| 1 | 5 |
Martin Van Buren
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His fourth album Views (2016) sat atop the Billboard 200 for 13 nonconsecutive weeks, becoming the first album by a male solo artist to do so in over a decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Drake's fourth commercial mixtape Dark Lane Demo Tapes (2020) featured"
}
] |
UeHA9Mqr35WMyrKZBK22
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Aubrey Drake Graham (born October 24, 1986) is a Canadian rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, and entrepreneur."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Career beginnings",
"text": "Degrassi: The Next GenerationAt age 15, eager to begin as an actor, a high school friend introduced Drake to his father, an acting agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2015: Nothing Was the Same and If You're Reading This It's Too Late",
"text": "In late 2014, Drake announced that he began recording sessions for his fourth studio album."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Career beginnings",
"text": "The agent found Drake a role on the Canadian teen drama series Degrassi: The Next Generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2012: Musical breakthrough with Thank Me Later and Take Care",
"text": "In comparison to his debut album, Drake revealed to Y.C Radio 1 that Thank Me Later was a rushed album, stating, \"I didn't get to take the time that I wanted to on that record."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style",
"text": "Most of his songs contain R&B and Canadian hip hop elements, and he combines rapping with singing."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "A prominent figure in pop culture, Drake is widely credited for popularizing the Toronto sound to the music industry and leading the \"Canadian Invasion\" of the American charts."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2001–2009: Career beginnings",
"text": "The only money I had coming in was off of Canadian TV.\" He appeared in a total of 100 episodes between 2001 and 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2018–2019: Scorpion and return to television",
"text": "During a performance in Edmonton on November 7, Drake announced his intention to begin composing his next project in early 2019.In February 2019, he received his fourth Grammy Award for Best Rap Song, for \"God's Plan\", at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2015: Nothing Was the Same and If You're Reading This It's Too Late",
"text": "Despite debate on whether it was an album or a mixtape, its commercial stance quantifies it as his fourth retail project with Cash Money Records, a scheme that was rumoured to allow Drake to leave the label."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His fourth album Views (2016) sat atop the Billboard 200 for 13 nonconsecutive weeks, becoming the first album by a male solo artist to do so in over a decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Drake's fourth commercial mixtape Dark Lane Demo Tapes (2020) featured"
}
] |
Drake is a Canadian actor that has recorded 7 albums.
| 3 | 5 |
Drake (musician)
|
Geography
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) on 13 August 1961."
}
] |
UevpCSXaUW5CFw8NSum0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Fall of the Berlin Wall",
"text": "But this starting time delay was not communicated to Schabowski."
},
{
"section_header": "Fall of the Berlin Wall",
"text": "The GDR has announced that, starting immediately, its borders are open to everyone."
},
{
"section_header": "Fall of the Berlin Wall",
"text": "The longtime leader of East Germany, Erich Honecker, resigned on 18 October 1989 and was replaced by Egon Krenz that day."
},
{
"section_header": "Fall of the Berlin Wall",
"text": "This was the start of what East Germans generally call the \"Peaceful Revolution\" of late 1989."
},
{
"section_header": "Fall of the Berlin Wall",
"text": "Many of those people started to cross into West Berlin, without a shot being fired."
},
{
"section_header": "Concerts by Western artists and growing anti-Wall sentiment | Bruce Springsteen, 1988",
"text": "You are now among #Heroes. Thank you for helping to bring down the #wall.\" On 19 July 1988, 16 months before the Wall came down, Bruce Springsteen and the E-Street Band, played Rocking the Wall, a live concert in East Berlin, which was attended by 300,000 in person and broadcast on television."
},
{
"section_header": "Official crossings and usage | Defection attempts",
"text": "The guards often let fugitives bleed to death in the middle of this ground, as in the most notorious failed attempt, that of Peter Fechter (aged 18) at a point near Zimmerstrasse in East Berlin."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Eastern Bloc and the Berlin airlift",
"text": "Continual economic growth starting in the 1950s fueled a 20-year \"economic miracle\" (\"Wirtschaftswunder\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction begins, 1961 | Immediate effects",
"text": "The construction of the Wall had caused considerable hardship to families divided by it."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The only one of the much slimmer observation towers (BT-11) in the Erna-Berger-Strasse also in Mitte—however, was moved by a few meters for construction work and is no longer in the original location; There is an exhibition about the wall in the area of the Potsdamer Platz in planning."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) on 13 August 1961."
}
] |
The construction of the Wall started on 18 July 1959.
| 1 | 7 |
Berlin Wall
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio and television",
"text": "There have been many radio versions of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Apart from several \"made-for-television\" versions, The Importance of Being"
}
] |
UfrfXhKtc0ysT1YKeRBt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication | In translation",
"text": "Yet there are many different possible titles in German, mostly concerning sentence structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio and television",
"text": "There have been many radio versions of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Dramatic analysis | Use of language",
"text": "There are three different registers detectable in the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Critical reception",
"text": "No doubt seriously. \" The play was so light-hearted that many reviewers compared it to comic opera rather than drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Operas and musicals",
"text": "According to a study by Robert Tanitch, by 2002 there had been least eight adaptations of the play as a musical, though \"never with conspicuous success\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Many names and ideas in the play were borrowed from people or places the author had known; Lady Queensberry, Lord Alfred Douglas's mother, for example, lived at Bracknell."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Earnest has been adapted for the English-language cinema at least three times, first in 1952 by Anthony Asquith who adapted the screenplay and directed it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Importance of Being Earnest has been revived many times since its premiere."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | In translation",
"text": "In a study of Italian translations, Adrian Pablé found thirteen different versions using eight titles."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Radio and television",
"text": "It was adapted for Australian TV in 1957."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Apart from several \"made-for-television\" versions, The Importance of Being"
}
] |
The play has been adapted to many different formats.
| 0 | 0 |
The Importance of Being Earnest
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "John met gaffer/cameraman Patrick McDermott a year after her 1995 divorce from Matt Lattanzi."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "McDermott disappeared following a 2005 fishing trip off the Californian coast."
}
] |
UgtDc9eA5GZBocwM8ya7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | New image",
"text": "Newton-John explains: \"I just wasn't in the mood for tender ballads."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | New image",
"text": "2.That same year Newton-John and Pat Farrar (formerly Pat Carroll) founded Koala Blue."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Career beginnings",
"text": "While in Britain, Newton-John missed her then-boyfriend, Ian Turpie, with whom she had co-starred in an Australian telefilm, Funny Things Happen Down Under."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Motherhood, cancer and advocacy",
"text": "The CD was the \"heart\" of their Body – Heart – Spirit Wellness Collection, which also featured a re-branded Liv-Kit and breast-health dietary supplements."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Ewbank, Tim (2008). Olivia: The Biography of Olivia Newton-John."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | New image",
"text": "I've my dominant self, my need-to-be-dominated self, the sane Olivia and the crazy Olivia."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Olivia Newton-John\". In Kingsbury, Paul (ed.)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "pp. pp. 380–381. Newton-John, Olivia (2018)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After the war he became Headmaster at Cambridgeshire High School for Boys and was in that role when Olivia was born."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | New image",
"text": "The tour was filmed for her Olivia in Concert television special, which premiered on HBO in January 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "John met gaffer/cameraman Patrick McDermott a year after her 1995 divorce from Matt Lattanzi."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "McDermott disappeared following a 2005 fishing trip off the Californian coast."
}
] |
Olivia Newton-John's boyfriend's body wasn't ever found after he went missing from a boat.
| 0 | 0 |
Olivia Newton-John
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Life of Pi is a 2012 adventure drama film based on Yann Martel's 2001 novel of the same name."
}
] |
Ugz96WwAILm3jdf5nFQ0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Marketing",
"text": "This was later followed by the release of The Making of Life of Pi: A Film, a Journey, a book by Jean-Christophe Castelli that details how Life of Pi was brought to the big screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The writer has been told that Pi's life story would be a good subject for a book."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "The British Film Institute's Sight & Sound magazine suggested that, \"Life of Pi can be seen as the film Rhythm & Hues has been building up to all these years, by taking things they learned from each production from Cats & Dogs to Yogi Bear, integrating their animals in different situations and environments, pushing them to do more, and understanding how all of this can succeed both visually and dramatically.\"Artist"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"A 3D adaptation of a supposedly \"unfilmable\" book, Ang Lee's Life of Pi achieves the near impossible – it's an astonishing technical achievement that's also emotionally rewarding."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "And I was concerned that as soon as you put my name on it, everybody would have a different experience."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "In February 2003 Gabler acquired the project to adapt Life of Pi into a film."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Marketing",
"text": "During the marketing campaign for Life of Pi, the film was promoted as \"the next Avatar\" in trailers and TV spots."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Ultimately, Shyamalan chose to film Lady in the Water after The Village; he said later, \"I was hesitant [to direct] because the book has kind of a twist ending."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Life of Pi is a 2012 adventure drama film based on Yann Martel's 2001 novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The family books passage with the animals on a Japanese freighter."
}
] |
Life of Pi, the film, is constructed from a book with a different title.
| 0 | 2 |
Life of Pi (film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The star of the Indians pitching staff, he won over 20 games each year from the epidemic-shortened 1918 season through 1921, leading the AL in shutouts twice and in strikeouts and earned run average (ERA) once each during his nine years with the club."
}
] |
UhDKa8tYUEkifORzyrm2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His baseball career in Shamokin was short-lived; after five games, Coveleski relocated to Lancaster, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Cleveland Indians",
"text": "He was scheduled to pitch in the first week of the season against his brother Harry, but the matchup never took place at Harry's behest."
},
{
"section_header": "Washington Senators and New York Yankees",
"text": "During his first season in Washington, Coveleski bounced back from his 1924 season, and by mid-July, critics regarded his success as the biggest surprise in baseball; Cleveland had considered him to be past his best."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "\"When it came to throwing a baseball, why it was easy to pitch\", Coveleski recalled."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "After his playing career ended, he dropped the \"e\" at the end of his name, as he never corrected anyone if his last name was incorrectly spelled."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "He never considered himself a strikeout pitcher, and it was not unusual for him to pitch a complete game having thrown 95 pitches or less."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Coveleski was rarely able to play baseball as a child due to his work schedule."
},
{
"section_header": "Cleveland Indians",
"text": "In 1919, Coveleski pitched in 43 games, starting 34, and had a 24–12 record and an ERA of 2.61.At the beginning of the 1920 season, the spitball was banned by Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "In 1929, after leaving major league baseball, Coveleski relocated to South Bend, Indiana."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "In 1969, Coveleski was named to the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans' Committee alongside 1920s pitcher Waite Hoyt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The star of the Indians pitching staff, he won over 20 games each year from the epidemic-shortened 1918 season through 1921, leading the AL in shutouts twice and in strikeouts and earned run average (ERA) once each during his nine years with the club."
}
] |
Stan Coveleski never had any of his seasons of baseball cut short by plague.
| 0 | 0 |
Stan Coveleski
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "The word \"tropic\" itself comes from the Greek \"trope (τροπή)\", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to \"turn back\" at the solstices."
}
] |
UhJS52NFyi4dI0xEMEmL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "When this line of latitude was named in the last centuries BC, the Sun was in the constellation Cancer (Latin for crab) at the June solstice, the time each year that the Sun reaches its zenith at this latitude."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to the ecliptic, the plane in which the Earth orbits around the Sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "The word \"tropic\" itself comes from the Greek \"trope (τροπή)\", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to \"turn back\" at the solstices."
},
{
"section_header": "Name",
"text": "Due to the precession of the equinoxes, this is no longer the case; today the Sun is in Taurus at the June solstice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The equivalent line of latitude south of the Equator is called the Tropic of Capricorn, and the region between the two, centered on the Equator, is the tropics."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "North of the tropic are the subtropics and the North Temperate Zone."
},
{
"section_header": "Climate",
"text": "Using 23°26'N for the Tropic of Cancer, the tropic passes through the following countries and territories starting at the prime meridian and heading eastward: Excluding cooler highland regions in China, the climate at the Tropic of Cancer is generally hot and dry except for easterly coastal areas where orographic rainfall can be very heavy, in some places reaching 4 metres (160 in) annually."
},
{
"section_header": "Drift",
"text": "Distance between Antarctic Circle and Tropic of Cancer is essentially constant as they move in tandem."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, marking the most southerly position at which the Sun can be directly overhead, is the Tropic of Capricorn."
}
] |
The Tropic of Cancer's name is from a term in Greece.
| 1 | 1 |
Tropic of Cancer
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religious beliefs",
"text": "After the success of his song \"Jesus Walks\" from the album The College Dropout, West was questioned on his beliefs and said, \"I will say that I'm spiritual."
}
] |
UhUvKy13uFbqGtgAnE7E
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2003–2006: The College Dropout and Late Registration",
"text": "The song nevertheless reached the top 20 of the Billboard pop charts, despite industry executives' predictions that a song containing such blatant declarations of faith would never make it to radio."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | 1990s–2000s",
"text": "Impacted by the death of his mother, Donda West, as well as the broken engagement from his fiancee, designer Alexis Phifer, he wrote more sensitive pop songs about love and relationships."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religious beliefs",
"text": "In January 2019, West re-affirmed his Christian faith on Twitter."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | General",
"text": "He said, \"All good. Kanye West, I got super respect for Kanye."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At age thirteen, West wrote a rap song called \"Green Eggs and Ham\" (the title of a best-selling children's book by Dr. Seuss) and persuaded his mother to pay for time in a recording studio."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "On October 1, 2011, Kanye West premiered his women's fashion label, DW Kanye West at Paris Fashion Week."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His Christian faith, as well as his marriage to television personality Kim Kardashian, have also been a source of media attention."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "In September 2010, West wrote a series of apologetic tweets addressed to Swift including \"Beyonce didn't need that."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Kanye West and friend, Rhymefest, also founded \"Donda's House, Inc\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Influence",
"text": "\" But Kanye does think. Constantly."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religious beliefs",
"text": "After the success of his song \"Jesus Walks\" from the album The College Dropout, West was questioned on his beliefs and said, \"I will say that I'm spiritual."
}
] |
Kanye West wrote a song about his faith in Islam.
| 2 | 6 |
Kanye West
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his playing career ended, Simmons served as a coach for the Athletics and Cleveland Indians."
}
] |
UhWmdwXVmQK2F3XMz2kQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "After his playing days ended, Simmons served as a coach for Mack's Athletics (1945–49) and the Cleveland Indians (1950)."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "While Cleveland manager Al López encouraged Simmons to think about his decision, Simmons said he could no longer help the team."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his playing career ended, Simmons served as a coach for the Athletics and Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Bucketfoot Al\", he played for two decades in Major League Baseball (MLB) as an outfielder and had his best years with Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics during the late 1920s and early 1930s, winning two World Series with Philadelphia."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Simmons was the right fielder on Stein's Polish team."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "In early April 1951, Simmons announced he was dealing with an undisclosed illness and would be stepping down as a coach of the Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics (1924–1932)",
"text": "In a final season with Philadelphia, Simmons led the AL with 216 hits."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Later career (1933–1944)",
"text": "Newspaper reports speculated that Athletics owner Connie Mack might be breaking apart the Athletics team that had been so successful between 1929 and 1931.During his first season in Chicago, Simmons batted .331 with 14 home runs, 119 RBI and 200 hits."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics (1924–1932)",
"text": "Simmons led the A's to the AL pennant in 1929 as Philadelphia went 104–46, finishing 18 games ahead of the New York Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Simmons was known by his birth last name (Szymanski) until he was playing for a local minor league team and he was tired of hearing people mispronounce it."
}
] |
Al Simmons did coach a few teams including the Mack's Athletics
| 1 | 2 |
Al Simmons
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Impact on Axis powers",
"text": "The agreement proved to be one of the first steps towards the formation of the United Nations."
}
] |
Uijs33HAGxxmbhGIkvS1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and by United Nations",
"text": "On 1 January 1942, a larger group of nations, which adhered to the principles of the Atlantic Charter, issued a joint Declaration by United Nations, which stressed their solidarity in the defence against Hitlerism."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The adherents to the Atlantic Charter signed the Declaration by United Nations on 1 January 1942, which was the basis for the modern United Nations."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on Axis powers",
"text": "The agreement proved to be one of the first steps towards the formation of the United Nations."
},
{
"section_header": "Content and analysis",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter made clear that the United States was supporting the United Kingdom in the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on Axis powers",
"text": "In Tokyo, the Atlantic Charter rallied support for the militarists in the Japanese government, which pushed for a more aggressive approach against the United States and Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "FDR and the Creation of the U.N. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press."
},
{
"section_header": "Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and by United Nations",
"text": "Among his papers he had found one copy signed by himself and me, but strange to say both signatures were in his own handwriting.\" The Allied nations and leading organizations quickly and widely endorsed the charter."
},
{
"section_header": "Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and by United Nations",
"text": "At the subsequent meeting of the Inter-Allied Council in London on 24 September 1941, the governments-in-exile of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Yugoslavia, together with the Soviet Union and representatives of the Free French Forces unanimously adopted adherence to the common principles of policy set forth by the United Kingdom and United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Jordan, Jonathan W. (2015), American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II (NAL/Caliber 2015)."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions | Poland",
"text": "Churchill was unhappy with the inclusion of references to the right to \"self-determination\" and stated that he considered the Charter an \"interim and partial statement of war aims designed to reassure all countries of our righteous purpose and not the complete structure which we should build after the victory.\" An office of the Polish Government in Exile wrote to warn Władysław Sikorski that if the charter was implemented with regard to national self-determination, it would make the desired Polish annexation of Danzig, East Prussia and parts of German Silesia impossible, which led the Poles to approach Britain to ask for a flexible interpretation of the charter."
}
] |
The Atlantic Power led to the creation of the United Nations.
| 1 | 5 |
Atlantic Charter
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He died in 1977 and was buried at the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland."
}
] |
Uj2rkSsSUnkbelWDJhHc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "In 1953, Lombardi had been battling depression and agreed to go to a sanatorium."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "While on his way to the facility, Lombardi slit his throat from ear to ear with a razor."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Cincinnati Chapter of the BBWAA annually award the Ernie Lombardi Award to the Reds' team MVP."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Hershberger, who thought he had been having difficulties playing as a replacement for an injured Lombardi for a few games in 1940, told manager Bill McKechnie in private that \"my father killed himself, and I'm going to do it, too!\" After failing to appear at the stadium the next day, the Reds checked Hershberger's room at the hotel on August 3 only to find that he had slit his throat and wrist."
},
{
"section_header": "\"Lombardi's Big Snooze\"",
"text": "Unfortunately for the Reds and Lombardi, he had failed to wear his protective cup and Lombardi was in pain and dazed."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi flourished in his first year for Cincinnati, batting .303"
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi became one of the Reds' most productive and popular players."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Lombardi was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame in 1958."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Lombardi played his rookie season for the Robins in 1931 and hit .297."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Major league",
"text": "Defenses would often position all four infielders in the outfield when Lombardi came to the plate."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He died in 1977 and was buried at the Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland."
}
] |
Ernie Lombardi had depression, and killed himself with a straight razor.
| 0 | 0 |
Ernie Lombardi
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received seven nominations at the 58th Academy Awards (including for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor) with Huston winning for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nevertheless it was a box office disappointment, grossing only $26 million against its $16 million budget."
}
] |
UjHOu4EAbVc2DIAxFAWa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Prizzi's Honor was theatrically released on June 14, 1985 by 20th Century Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Anjelica Huston was paid the SAG-AFTRA scale rate of $14,000 for her role in Prizzi's Honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Prizzi's Honor is a 1985 American black comedy crime film directed by John Huston from a screenplay written by Richard Condon and Janet Roach based on Condon's 1982 novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Jack Nicholson's average-guyness as Charley, the clan's enforcer, is the film's touchstone: this is a baroque comedy about people who behave in ordinary ways in grotesque circumstances, and it has the juice of everyday family craziness in it.\" Roger Ebert gave the film three and half stars out of four and wrote:\"This is the most bizarre comedy in many a month, a movie so dark, so cynical and so funny that perhaps only Jack Nicholson and Kathleen Turner could have kept straight faces during the love scenes.\" On Rotten Tomatoes Prizzi's Honor holds an 86% rating based on thirty-six reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received seven nominations at the 58th Academy Awards (including for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor) with Huston winning for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "We don’t even want her in this movie.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "She would go on to win the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance, beating both Nicholson and her father in their respective nominations for Best Actor and Best Director."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the last of John Huston's films to be released during his lifetime."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the film, two highly skilled assassins are hired to kill each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In time, the don tells Charley that his wife's \"gotta go.\" In time, the don tells Charley that his wife's \"gotta go.\" Things come to a head in California when, acting as if everything were all right, Charley comes home to his wife. (A famous line from the movie, spoken by Charley, is \"Do I marry her?"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nevertheless it was a box office disappointment, grossing only $26 million against its $16 million budget."
}
] |
Prizzi's Honor did not win any of the film honors it was selected for and was not well attended at movie theaters.
| 0 | 0 |
Prizzi's Honor
|
NOCAT
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Norman Thomas \"Turkey\" Stearnes (May 8, 1901 – September 4, 1979) was an American baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues."
}
] |
UjU87KvdYoSgLFTUUqyz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He began his career in professional baseball in 1920 with the Nashville Giants, then played for the Detroit Stars, beginning in 1923."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Norman Thomas \"Turkey\" Stearnes (May 8, 1901 – September 4, 1979) was an American baseball outfielder in the Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Other work and later life",
"text": "Stearnes was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2000, 21 years after his death in Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1931, the Stars failed to pay Stearnes his salary because of the Great Depression, so he moved from team to team for the remainder of his career, retiring in 1942 as a member of the Kansas City Monarchs."
},
{
"section_header": "Other work and later life",
"text": "Despite his accomplishments, Stearnes had to work winters in Detroit's auto plants to survive, primarily in a factory owned by Walter Briggs, who was the owner of the Detroit Tigers, a team he couldn't play for because he was black."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Born in Nashville, Tennessee, Stearnes acquired his nickname at an early age from his unusual running style."
},
{
"section_header": "Other work and later life",
"text": "A plaque in Stearnes' honor is on display outside the center field gate at the Tigers' home field, Comerica Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The 175-pound Stearnes was a fast baserunner despite his awkward-looking running form, and was one of the best outfielders of his generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 2001, writer Bill James ranked Stearnes as the 25th greatest baseball player of all-time and the best left fielder in the Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Stearnes' known career statistics include a .344 batting average, 176 home runs, 750 games, and a .621 slugging percentage."
}
] |
Turkey Stearnes is the mascot for the Detroit Stars.
| 3 | 5 |
Turkey Stearnes
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "Reeves' casual personality and ability to establish rapport with his manner have been observed by the public, leading him to be dubbed the \"Internet's boyfriend\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "When asked by Stephen Colbert about his views on what happens after death, Reeves replied, \"I know that the ones who love us will miss us\"."
}
] |
UjqaBRmRkWvYwFVX1Khj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "The Guardian's Cath Clarke questioned Reeves' acting–writing \"he keeps his face statue-still\", and added \"three movies in, franchise bloat is beginning to set in\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Reeves, Keanu (texts by); Grant, Alexandra (photographs by) (2014)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Shadows: A Collaborative Project by Alexandra Grant and Keanu Reeves."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "Erwin Stoff of 3 Arts Entertainment has served as Reeves' agent and manager since he was 16, and produced many of his films."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2005–2013: Thrillers, documentaries and directorial debut",
"text": "He portrayed Klaatu, an alien sent from outer space to try to change human behaviour or eradicate humans because of their environmental impact."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Reeves, Keanu (text by); Grant, Alexandra (drawings by, book design by) (2011)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "When asked by Stephen Colbert about his views on what happens after death, Reeves replied, \"I know that the ones who love us will miss us\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2005–2013: Thrillers, documentaries and directorial debut",
"text": "Many critics were unimpressed with the heavy use of special effects; The Telegraph credited Reeves' ability to engage the audience, but thought the cinematography was abysmal and"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present",
"text": "His next release, the comedy Keanu, was better received."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "In 2016, The Hollywood Reporter calculated that Reeves had earned $250 million from The Matrix franchise, making him one of the highest paid actors."
},
{
"section_header": "In the media",
"text": "Reeves' casual personality and ability to establish rapport with his manner have been observed by the public, leading him to be dubbed the \"Internet's boyfriend\"."
}
] |
Keanu Reeves has many controversies regarding his behaviour on and off set.
| 0 | 0 |
Keanu Reeves
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "In four World Series appearances (1920, 1930-1932) In four World Series appearances (1920, 1930-1932) he hit .316 (6-for-19) with 1 run and 2 RBI."
}
] |
UkiA9CQYkzYtGFIdbwKP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "At the time of his retirement, he was the last player who was legally allowed to throw a spitball, as he was one of 17 spitballers permitted to throw the pitch after it was otherwise outlawed in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Burleigh Arland Grimes (August 18, 1893 – December 6, 1985) was an American professional baseball player, and the last pitcher officially permitted to throw the spitball."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "In four World Series appearances (1920, 1930-1932) In four World Series appearances (1920, 1930-1932) he hit .316 (6-for-19) with 1 run and 2 RBI."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Grimes made the most of this advantage, winning 270 games, and pitched in four World Series over the course of his 19-year career."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "He is listed in the Baseball Hall of Shame series for having thrown a ball at the batter in the on-deck circle."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Burleigh Grimes also participated in boxing as a child."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "When the spitball was banned in 1920, he was named as one of 17 established pitchers who were allowed to continue to throw the pitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Babe Ruth was one of Grimes's coaches."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "He also drew 69 bases on balls."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career",
"text": "He had acquired a lasting field reputation for his temperament."
}
] |
Burleigh Grimes was one of the last person to be able to throw spit balls and played in three World Series.
| 0 | 5 |
Burleigh Grimes
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Both of his parents were Christians."
}
] |
Ukvv3jshQUC2jYqwTATX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Beliefs",
"text": "The chief surviving sources are his works To King Helios and To the Mother of the Gods, which were written as panegyrics, not theological treatises."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Restoration of state Paganism | Juventinus and Maximus",
"text": "Despite this inadvertent reconciliation of paganism to Christianity, however, many of the Church fathers viewed the emperor with hostility, and told stories of his supposed wickedness after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Julian's support of Jews caused Jews to call him \"Julian the Hellene\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "In 363, not long before Julian left Antioch to launch his campaign against Persia, in keeping with his effort to foster religions other than Christianity, he ordered the Temple rebuilt."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "A personal friend of his, Ammianus Marcellinus, wrote this about the effort: Julian thought to rebuild at an extravagant expense the proud Temple once at Jerusalem, and committed this task to Alypius of Antioch."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Fires breaking out stopped this."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Alypius set vigorously to work, and was seconded by the governor of the province; when fearful balls of fire, breaking out near the foundations, continued their attacks, till the workmen, after repeated scorchings, could approach no more: and he gave up the attempt."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "The failure to rebuild the Temple has been ascribed to the Galilee earthquake of 363."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Although there is contemporary testimony for the miracle, in the Orations of St. Gregory Nazianzen, this may be taken to be unreliable."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious issues | Attempt to rebuild the Jewish Temple",
"text": "Sabotage by Christians is a possibility, as is an accidental fire."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Both of his parents were Christians."
}
] |
The mother and father of Julian were Jewish.
| 2 | 5 |
Julian (emperor)
|
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