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Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe (October 20, 1890 – July 10, 1941), known professionally as Jelly Roll Morton, was an American ragtime and jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morton's claim to have invented jazz in 1902 was criticized."
}
] |
TXwZguHn7p0SuJ3iUllt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "If we read the words that he himself wrote, we learn that he almost had an inferiority complex and said that he created his own style of jazz piano because 'All my fellow musicians were much faster in manipulations, I thought than I, and I did not feel as though I was in their class.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Form and compositions",
"text": "Several of Morton's compositions were musical tributes to himself, including \"Winin' Boy\", \"The Jelly Roll Blues\" (subtitled \"The Original Jelly-Roll\"); and \"Mr. Jelly Lord\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"I Thought I Heard Buddy Bolden Say\", the last a tribute to New Orleans musicians from the turn of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morton was jazz's first arranger, proving that a genre rooted in improvisation could retain its essential characteristics when notated."
},
{
"section_header": "Representation in other media",
"text": "\" The reference is thought to be to the childhood memory of listening to his father's Morton recordings."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "The article was reproduced in Mister Jelly Roll (University of California Press, 1950), a biography of Morton by Alan Lomax."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "His songs \"Jelly Roll Blues\", \"New Orleans Blues\","
},
{
"section_header": "Representation in other media",
"text": "sings \" And it stoned me to my soul, stoned me just like Jelly Roll, and it stoned me."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "In 1915 \"Jelly Roll Blues\" was one of the first jazz compositions to be published."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His composition \"Jelly Roll Blues\", published in 1915, was one of the first published jazz compositions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferdinand Joseph LaMothe (October 20, 1890 – July 10, 1941), known professionally as Jelly Roll Morton, was an American ragtime and jazz pianist, bandleader, and composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Morton's claim to have invented jazz in 1902 was criticized."
}
] |
Jelly Roll Morton was a musician who thought he created a music genre.
| 1 | 5 |
Jelly Roll Morton
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The basic SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "The standard International System of Units (SI) unit of mass is the kilogram (kg)."
}
] |
TXxYsFn5kLTpQKjt8Ohb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In relativity | General relativity",
"text": "However, it turns out that it is impossible to find an objective general definition for the concept of invariant mass in general relativity."
},
{
"section_header": "In relativity | General relativity",
"text": "= 9×1016 m2/s2). In general relativity, the equivalence principle is the equivalence of gravitational and inertial mass."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The basic SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Newtonian mass | Inertial mass",
"text": "In this case, m2 is our \"reference\" object, and we can define its mass m as (say) 1 kilogram."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "The standard International System of Units (SI) unit of mass is the kilogram (kg)."
},
{
"section_header": "Newtonian mass | Universal gravitational mass",
"text": "If a large collection of small objects were formed into a giant spherical body such as the Earth or Sun, Newton calculated the collection would create a gravitational field proportional to the total mass of the body, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance to the body's center."
},
{
"section_header": "Units of mass",
"text": "However, because precise measurement of a cubic decimeter of water at the proper temperature and pressure was difficult, in 1889 the kilogram was redefined as the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram of cast iron, and thus became independent of the meter and the properties of water."
},
{
"section_header": "Atomic mass",
"text": "Typically, the mass of objects is measured in relation to that of the kilogram, which is defined as the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram (IPK), a platinum alloy cylinder stored in an environmentally-monitored safe secured in a vault at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France."
},
{
"section_header": "In relativity | Special relativity",
"text": "For example, if one takes exactly one kilogram of ice, and applies heat, the mass of the resulting melt-water will be more than a kilogram: it will include the mass from the thermal energy (latent heat) used to melt the ice; this follows from the conservation of energy."
},
{
"section_header": "Phenomena",
"text": "A body's mass also determines the degree to which it generates or is affected by a gravitational field."
}
] |
Mass of items are generally calculated by kilograms.
| 0 | 0 |
Mass
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are broadly categorized under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao."
}
] |
TYCbWSl1cNVslwc6mkeW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both within the single urban area of Metro Manila."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography and environment",
"text": "Manila Bay, upon the shore of which the capital city of Manila lies, is connected to Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the Philippines, by the Pasig River."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cinema",
"text": "and It's Showtime. Philippine cinema has a long history and is popular domestically, but has faced increasing competition from American, Asian and European films."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "The Philippines is a founding and active member of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations)."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Administrative divisions",
"text": "As of 2015, Calabarzon was the most populated region while the National Capital Region (NCR) the most densely populated."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Prehistory (pre–900)",
"text": "From there, they rapidly spread downwards to the rest of the islands of the Philippines and Southeast Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Manila hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Colonial rule (1565–1946)",
"text": "The Spaniards established Manila, at what is now Intramuros, as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transportation",
"text": "The Pasig River Ferry serves the cities of Manila, Makati, Mandaluyong, Pasig and Marikina in Metro Manila."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Colonial rule (1565–1946)",
"text": "Daniel Burnham built an architectural plan for Manila which would have transformed it into a modern city."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Situated in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands that are broadly categorized under three main geographical divisions from north to south: Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao."
}
] |
The Southeast Asian country of the Philippines which consist of about 7,641 islands has its capital in Manila which is not it's most populous city.
| 0 | 0 |
Philippines
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won the BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Film and received seven nominations at the 71st Academy Awards, including for Best Picture and Best Actress for Blanchett, winning Best Makeup."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is based on the early years of Elizabeth's reign, where she is elevated to the throne after the death of her half-sister Mary I, who had imprisoned her."
}
] |
TYDLHPtAKOE2d3UuGnEF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Blanchett's performance brought her to international recognition, and she won several awards for her portrayal of Elizabeth, including a Golden Globe and a BAFTA."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won the BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Film and received seven nominations at the 71st Academy Awards, including for Best Picture and Best Actress for Blanchett, winning Best Makeup."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is based on the early years of Elizabeth's reign, where she is elevated to the throne after the death of her half-sister Mary I, who had imprisoned her."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As her early years continue, she faces plots and threats to take her down."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mary's Protestant half-sister, Elizabeth, under house arrest for conspiracy charges, is freed and crowned the Queen of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "1571.The film portrays Kat Ashley, head lady-in-waiting to the Queen, as being the same age as Elizabeth, but in reality, at the time of Elizabeth's coronation, Kat Ashley was around 57 years old and died six years later in 1565."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elizabeth is a 1998 British biographical drama film written by Michael Hirst, directed by Shekhar Kapur, and starring Cate Blanchett in the title role of Queen Elizabeth I of England, alongside Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes, John Gielgud, Fanny Ardant, and Richard Attenborough."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "It was Henri's brother Francis, Duke of Anjou, 22 years younger than Elizabeth, who seriously pursued the English queen beginning in 1578, when she was 45 years old and he was 23."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In actuality, Elizabeth was imprisoned on 18 March 1554 and released in May; it was not announced that the Queen was believed to be pregnant until September of that same year."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "The film also glosses over the considerable real-life age difference between the Queen and the Duc d'Anjou (in 1570 she was 37 years-old compared to the 19-year-old Duc D'Anjou)."
}
] |
The film Elizabeth about the early years of Queen Elizabeth I of England won the BAFTA.
| 0 | 0 |
Elizabeth (film)
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poem tells the Biblical tale of the rebellion of Absalom against King David; in this context it is an allegory used to represent a story contemporary to Dryden, concerning King Charles II and the Exclusion Crisis (1679-1681)."
}
] |
TYOuroY36FCq45h5ZJQc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "The result is that Absalom takes the advice of the double agent Hushai over the good advice of Achitophel."
},
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "When David's renowned advisor, Achitophel (Achitophel in the Vulgate) joins Absalom's rebellion, another advisor, Hushai, plots with David to pretend to defect and give Absalom advice that plays into David's hands."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis | Plot analysis",
"text": "Through biblical allusions Dryden connects ancient fatherhood with current events not only to show a precedent, but also to show how it connects with a royal’s responsibilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "Achitophel, realising that the rebellion is doomed to failure, goes home and hangs himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis | Plot analysis",
"text": "There are many different ways of understanding Dryden’s poem Absalom and Achitophel."
},
{
"section_header": "Satire",
"text": "Absalom and Achitophel is \"generally acknowledged as the finest political satire in the English language\"."
},
{
"section_header": "A second part written by Nahum Tate",
"text": "Absalom and Achitophel stands alone as a complete poem by John Dryden as it was published in 1681."
},
{
"section_header": "Satire",
"text": "It is also described as an allegory regarding contemporary political events, and a mock heroic narrative."
},
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "Sam. 18:9). The death of his son, Absalom, causes David enormous personal grief."
},
{
"section_header": "Biblical background",
"text": "The beautiful Absalom is distinguished by his extraordinarily abundant hair, which is thought to symbolise his pride (2 Sam. 14:26)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poem tells the Biblical tale of the rebellion of Absalom against King David; in this context it is an allegory used to represent a story contemporary to Dryden, concerning King Charles II and the Exclusion Crisis (1679-1681)."
}
] |
Absalom and Achitophel narrates a biblical event.
| 0 | 0 |
Absalom and Achitophel
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Political career",
"text": "In a heavily Democratic state, Goldwater became a conservative Republican and a friend of Herbert Hoover."
}
] |
TYYodHzhBP4LNbwW2NAP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Hobbies and interests | Kachina dolls",
"text": "Eventually his doll collection included 437 items and was presented in 1969 to the Heard Museum in Phoenix."
},
{
"section_header": "Hobbies and interests | Kachina dolls",
"text": "In 1916 Goldwater visited the Hopi Reservation with Phoenix architect John Rinker Kibby, and obtained his first kachina doll."
},
{
"section_header": "Hobbies and interests | UFOs",
"text": "About ten or twelve years ago I made an effort to find out what was in the building at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base where the information has been stored that has been collected by the Air Force, and I was understandably denied this request."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Family",
"text": "Goldwater's son Barry Goldwater Jr. served as a United States House of Representatives member from California from 1969 to 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Relatives",
"text": "1988. 1988. ISBN 978-0385239479 Goldwater's son Barry Goldwater Jr. served as a Congressman from California from 1969 to 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Return to the Senate",
"text": "The 1974 election saw Goldwater easily reelected over his Democratic opponent, Jonathan Marshall, the publisher of The Scottsdale Progress."
},
{
"section_header": "Goldwater Scholarship",
"text": "The Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Program was established by Congress in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Buildings and monuments",
"text": "Among the buildings and monuments named after Barry Goldwater are: the Barry M. Goldwater Terminal at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, Goldwater Memorial Park in Paradise Valley, Arizona, the Barry Goldwater Air Force Academy Visitor Center at the United States Air Force Academy, and Barry Goldwater High School in northern Phoenix."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | 1964 presidential campaign",
"text": "Goldwater would defeat Rockefeller in the winner-take-all California primary and secure the nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Hobbies and interests | Photography",
"text": "When Kennedy received the photo, he returned it to Goldwater, with the inscription, \"For Barry Goldwater—"
},
{
"section_header": "Political career",
"text": "In a heavily Democratic state, Goldwater became a conservative Republican and a friend of Herbert Hoover."
}
] |
Barry Goldwater, a Democrat from California, has a collection of kachina dolls with over 437 items in the collection.
| 3 | 6 |
Barry Goldwater
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century."
}
] |
TZHq4coOgiTWcS5QOloC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History, art and fashion",
"text": "The color pink has been described in literature since ancient times."
},
{
"section_header": "Science and nature | Pigments - Pinke",
"text": "In the 17th century, the word pink or pinke was also used to describe a yellowish pigment, which was mixed with blue colors to yield greenish colors."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Pink in other languages",
"text": "In recent times a word based on the English version, pinku (ピンク), has begun to be used."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Politics",
"text": "Pink, being a 'watered-down' red, is sometimes used in a derogatory way to describe a person with mild communist or socialist beliefs (see Pinko)."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and definitions",
"text": "The verb \"to pink\" dates from the 14th century and means \"to decorate with a perforated or punched pattern\" (possibly from German picken, \"to peck\").While the word \"pink\" was first used as a noun to refer to a color in the 17th century, the verb \"pink\" continues to be reflected today as the name of hand-held scissors that cut a zig-zagged line to prevent fraying that are referred to as pinking shears."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Gender",
"text": "Another factor was the popularity of blue and white sailor suits for young boys, a fashion that started in the late 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History, art and fashion | 20th century - present",
"text": "Mamie's strong liking of pink led to the public association with pink being a color that \"ladylike women wear."
},
{
"section_header": "History, art and fashion",
"text": "\" Lucretius used the word to describe the dawn in his epic poem On the Nature of Things (De rerum natura).Pink was not a common color in the fashion of the Middle Ages; nobles usually preferred brighter reds, such as crimson."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Social movements",
"text": "A Dutch newsgroup about homosexuality is called nl.roze (roze being the Dutch word for pink), while in Britain, Pink News is a gay newspaper and online news service."
}
] |
The color pink has been described since ancient times but only started being used as a word in the 17th century.
| 1 | 2 |
Pink
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Namesakes",
"text": "James Douglas, Jr. bought an apartment in Paris for his friend Georges Clemenceau in 1926 to use as a retirement home."
}
] |
TZRuI7BmJJyrFiFoy8CT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Paris Peace Conference | Rhineland and the Saar",
"text": "Clemenceau said to Lloyd George in June: \"We need a barrier behind which, in the years to come, our people can work in security to rebuild its ruins."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He stopped short of the more extreme attacks."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "His father, Benjamin Clemenceau (1810–1897), came from a long line of physicians, but he lived off his lands and investments and did not practice medicine."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism and American experience",
"text": "Clemenceau worked in New York City in the years 1865–69, following the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "Namesakes",
"text": "The French aircraft carrier Clemenceau was named after Georges Clemenceau."
},
{
"section_header": "Paris Peace Conference | Defence of the Treaty",
"text": "He said that any attempt to partition Germany would be self-defeating and that France must find a way of living with sixty million Germans."
},
{
"section_header": "Paris Peace Conference | Defence of the Treaty",
"text": "It was now the turn of the working class to rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Clemenceau's First Ministry, 25 October 1906 – 24 July 1909",
"text": "Georges Clemenceau – President of the Council and Minister of the Interior"
},
{
"section_header": "Clemenceau's Second Ministry, 16 November 1917 – 20 January 1920",
"text": "Georges Clemenceau – President of the Council and Minister of War"
},
{
"section_header": "Namesakes",
"text": "One of Beirut's streets is named in honour of Georges Clemenceau."
},
{
"section_header": "Namesakes",
"text": "James Douglas, Jr. bought an apartment in Paris for his friend Georges Clemenceau in 1926 to use as a retirement home."
}
] |
A buddy of Georges Clemenceau purchased a condo for him to live in after her stopped working.
| 0 | 0 |
Georges Clemenceau
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He emerged victorious in the civil wars against emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of the Roman Empire by 324."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Dacia Ripensis (now Serbia), he was the son of Flavius Constantius, an Illyrian army officer who became one of the four emperors of the Tetrarchy."
}
] |
TZWclO1iL4kiNNOVCxUB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Civil wars | Wars against Licinius",
"text": "Thus Constantine became the sole emperor of the Roman Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Dacia Ripensis (now Serbia), he was the son of Flavius Constantius, an Illyrian army officer who became one of the four emperors of the Tetrarchy."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In the later Byzantine state, it became a great honor for an emperor to be hailed as a \"new Constantine\"; ten emperors carried the name, including the last emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It subsequently became the capital of the Empire for more than a thousand years, the later Eastern Roman Empire being referred to as the Byzantine Empire by modern historians."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil wars | Wars against Licinius",
"text": "This dubious arrangement eventually became a challenge to Constantine in the West, climaxing in the great civil war of 324."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He emerged victorious in the civil wars against emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of the Roman Empire by 324."
},
{
"section_header": "Later rule | Religious policy",
"text": "Constantine was the first emperor to stop the persecution of Christians and to legalize Christianity, along with all other religions/cults in the Roman Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historiography",
"text": "Modern interpretations of Constantine's rule begin with Jacob Burckhardt's The Age of Constantine the Great (1853, rev. 1880)."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil wars | War against Maxentius",
"text": "The keepers prophesied that, on that very day, \"the enemy of the Romans\" would die."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Constantine the Great (Latin: Flavius Valerius Constantinus; Ancient Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος, romanized: Kōnstantînos; 27 February c. 272 – 22 May 337), also known as Constantine I, was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337."
}
] |
Constantine the Great was born in modern day Serbia and became emperor of the Roman Empire in 324.
| 0 | 0 |
Constantine the Great
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Persian campaign | Death",
"text": "On the third day a major hemorrhage occurred and the emperor died during the night."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Persian campaign | Death",
"text": "He received a wound from a spear that reportedly pierced the lower lobe of his liver, the peritoneum and intestines."
}
] |
TZsMToMZKbu3ftdMm9VV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Rebellion in Paris",
"text": "His forces claimed control of Illyricum and his general, Nevitta, secured the pass of Succi into Thrace."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Empire and administration",
"text": "In his first panegyric to Constantius, Julian described the ideal ruler as being essentially primus inter pares (\"first among equals\"), operating under the same laws as his subjects."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "It was first staged in Paris in 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Rebellion in Paris",
"text": "Notably absent at the time was the prefect Florentius, who was seldom far from Julian's side, though now he was kept busy organizing supplies in Vienne and away from any strife that the order could cause."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Rebellion in Paris",
"text": "In February 360, Constantius II ordered more than half of Julian's Gallic troops to join his eastern army, the order by-passing Julian and going directly to the military commanders."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Persian campaign | Into enemy territory",
"text": "Passing Dura on April 6, the army made good progress, bypassing towns after negotiations or besieging those which chose to oppose him."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Rebellion in Paris",
"text": "Although Julian at first attempted to expedite the order, it provoked an insurrection by troops of the Petulantes, who had no desire to leave Gaul."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early life",
"text": "Julian began his study of Neoplatonism in Asia Minor in 351, at first under Aedesius, the philosopher, and then Aedesius' student Eusebius of Myndus."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Caesar in Gaul",
"text": "At first reluctant to trade his scholarly life for war and politics, Julian eventually took every opportunity to involve himself in the affairs of Gaul."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "This work made use of the Roman Emperor's life in order to address contemporary English political and theological debates – specifically, to reply to the conservative arguments of Dr Hickes's sermons, and defend the lawfulness of resistance in extreme cases."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Persian campaign | Death",
"text": "On the third day a major hemorrhage occurred and the emperor died during the night."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Persian campaign | Death",
"text": "He received a wound from a spear that reportedly pierced the lower lobe of his liver, the peritoneum and intestines."
}
] |
Julian passed away from the first recorded case of cancer.
| 0 | 0 |
Julian (emperor)
|
History
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918."
}
] |
Ta4toqVaJ3XL0WfqzrNZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Prelude | Sarajevo assassination",
"text": "On 28 June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, visited the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb Yugoslav nationalist, assassinated the Austro-Hungarian heir Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, leading to the July Crisis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918."
},
{
"section_header": "War crimes | Rape of Belgium",
"text": "The German army executed over 6,500 French and Belgian civilians between August and November 1914, usually in near-random large-scale shootings of civilians ordered by junior German officers."
},
{
"section_header": "Conscription | Britain",
"text": "Conscription lasted until mid-1919."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude | Sarajevo assassination",
"text": "With a pistol, Princip shot and killed Ferdinand and his wife Sophie."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude | Sarajevo assassination",
"text": "Although they were reportedly not personally close, the Emperor Franz Joseph was profoundly shocked and upset."
},
{
"section_header": "Progress of the war | Allied victory: summer 1918 onwards | Armistices and capitulations",
"text": "German Emperor Wilhelm II in his telegram to Bulgarian Tsar Ferdinand"
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "The term \"world war\" was first used in September 1914 by German biologist and philosopher Ernst Haeckel, who claimed that \"there is no doubt that the course and character of the feared 'European War' ... will become the first world war in the full sense of the word,\" citing a wire service report in The Indianapolis Star on 20 September 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "War crimes | Baralong incidents",
"text": "All German survivors were summarily executed by Baralong's crew on the orders of Lieutenant Godfrey Herbert, the captain of the ship."
}
] |
World War l was from 1914 to 1919 and started because of the execution of Franz Ferdinand.
| 1 | 9 |
World War I
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jay Hanna \"Dizzy\" Dean (January 16, 1910 – July 17, 1974), also known as Jerome Herman Dean (both the 1910 and 1920 Censuses show his name as \"Jay\"), was an American professional baseball pitcher."
}
] |
TaWZnH48Kli8WIKiE7r2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Injury-shortened career",
"text": "At age 37, Dean pitched four innings, allowing no runs, and rapped a single in his only at-bat."
},
{
"section_header": "Ace of the Gashouse Gang",
"text": "\" On September 21, Dean pitched no-hit ball for eight innings against the Brooklyn Dodgers, finishing with a three-hit shutout in the first game of a doubleheader, his 27th win of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "Dean was also referenced in the 1939 Laurel and Hardy film A Chump at Oxford, when Oliver Hardy unknowingly called the character of the actual dean at the famous Oxford University a \"dizzy dean\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "In the sketch, Abbott is explaining to Costello that many ballplayers have unusual nicknames including Dizzy Dean, his brother Daffy Dean, and their \"French cousin Goofé Dean\" (\"goofy\" pronounced with a French accent)."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "Dean was mentioned in the poem \"Line-Up for Yesterday\" by Ogden Nash: Dean was referenced in the classic TV sitcom"
},
{
"section_header": "Career statistics",
"text": "Dean was an effective hitting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Ace of the Gashouse Gang",
"text": "Dean was known for antics which inspired his nickname."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dean was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury-shortened career",
"text": "At the time Dean was injured he sported a 12–7 record."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury-shortened career",
"text": "Dean would later call it the greatest outing of his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jay Hanna \"Dizzy\" Dean (January 16, 1910 – July 17, 1974), also known as Jerome Herman Dean (both the 1910 and 1920 Censuses show his name as \"Jay\"), was an American professional baseball pitcher."
}
] |
Dean passed away in '74.
| 0 | 0 |
Dizzy Dean
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Release | File sharing",
"text": "According to copyright infringement-tracking site Excipio, Frozen was the second most pirated film of 2014, behind The Wolf of Wall Street, with over 29.9 million illegal downloads via torrent sites."
}
] |
TdKzrDphYwTNgEqXCxKP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Lawsuit against Phase 4 Films",
"text": "Phase 4 was also required to pay Disney $100,000 before January 27, 2014, and make \"all practicable efforts\" to remove copies of Frozen Land from stores and online distributors before March 3, 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music and sound design",
"text": "In February 2013, Christophe Beck was hired to score the film, following his work on Paperman, a Disney animated short film released the year prior to Frozen."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Controversies | Perceived LGBT parallels",
"text": "They don't want the truth.\" Several viewers outside the film industry, such as evangelical pastors and commentators, argued that Frozen promotes normalization of homosexuality, while others believed that the main character, Elsa, represents a positive image of LGBT youth, viewing the film and the song \" Let It Go\" as a metaphor for coming out."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Controversies | Perceived LGBT parallels",
"text": "I think it's up to them.\" She also mentioned that Disney films were made in different eras and were all celebrated for different reasons, but a 2013 film would have a \"2013 point of view\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "On November 6, 2013, Disney Consumer Products began releasing a line of toys and other merchandise relating to the film in Disney Store and other retailers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "The film made its debut outside North America on the same weekend as its wide North American release and earned $16.7 million from sixteen markets."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Commercial analysis",
"text": "DiCaprio go under – several times,\" and thought the same would happen with Frozen."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Franchise",
"text": "By the time the merchandise shortage was finally resolved in early November 2014 (nearly a year after the film's release), Disney had sold over three million Frozen costumes in North America alone."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "In a May 2015 interview, Buck said, \"We have lots of things to figure out but at least we know where we are going.\" In March 2016, Bell stated that voice recording for the film was due to start later in the month, but in September of that same year, she retracted her earlier comments as mistaken and explained that she had been working instead on other Frozen projects such as the upcoming holiday special."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Controversies | \"Let it Go\" lawsuit",
"text": "On November 24, 2017, musical artist Jaime Ciero sued Demi Lovato, Idina Menzel, Walt Disney Animation Studios and others involved with the song \"Let it Go,\" accusing them of ripping off his 2008 single \"Volar.\" In May 2018, it was ruled in court that the original songwriters, Bobby Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez, would be released from the lawsuit due to the three-year statute of limitations for copyright claims."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | File sharing",
"text": "According to copyright infringement-tracking site Excipio, Frozen was the second most pirated film of 2014, behind The Wolf of Wall Street, with over 29.9 million illegal downloads via torrent sites."
}
] |
Viewing of Frozen by people who did not pay was provably less than any other Disney film released the same year.
| 2 | 8 |
Frozen (2013 film)
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a three-act play written by Tennessee Williams; an adaptation of his 1952 short story Three Players of a Summer Game; he wrote the play between 1953 and 1955."
}
] |
Tdwh5dyN4XREWJ6cWRdR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is the story of a Southern family in crisis, especially the husband Brick and wife Margaret (usually called Maggie or \"Maggie the Cat\"), and their interaction with Brick's family over the course of one evening's gathering at the family estate in Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a three-act play written by Tennessee Williams; an adaptation of his 1952 short story Three Players of a Summer Game; he wrote the play between 1953 and 1955."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof features motifs such as social mores, greed, superficiality, mendacity, decay, sexual desire, repression and death."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dialogue throughout is often written using nonstandard spelling intended to represent accents of the Southern United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1976, a television version of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof was produced, starring the then husband-and-wife team of Natalie Wood and Robert Wagner, and featuring Laurence Olivier as Big Daddy and Maureen Stapleton as Big Mama."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He states that Skipper took Maggie to bed to prove her wrong."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Paul Newman, the film's star, also had stated his disappointment with the adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Falsehoods and untruths",
"text": "Big Daddy states that Brick's disgust with mendacity is really disgust with himself for rejecting Skipper before his suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play was adapted as a motion picture of the same name in 1958, starring Elizabeth Taylor and Paul Newman as Maggie and Brick, with Burl Ives and Madeleine Sherwood recreating their stage roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of Williams's more famous works and his personal favorite"
}
] |
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a play by a man that is named after a state in the United States.
| 1 | 5 |
Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bell Jar is the only novel written by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath."
}
] |
Te0p9HNXIQPY0Cv4lwGD
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "However, when considering the nature of Sylvia Plath's own life and death and the parallels between The Bell Jar and her life, it is hard to ignore the theme of mental illness."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bell Jar is the only novel written by the American writer and poet Sylvia Plath."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book is often regarded as a roman à clef because the protagonist's descent into mental illness parallels Plath's own experiences with what may have been clinical depression or bipolar II disorder."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Esther Greenwood, the main character in The Bell Jar, describes her life as being suffocated by a bell jar."
},
{
"section_header": "Parallels between Plath's life and the novel",
"text": "The woman claimed that Plath had put so many details of the students' lives into The Bell Jar that \"they could never look at each other again,\" and that it had caused the breakup of her marriage and possibly others."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Throughout the novel, Esther talks of this bell jar suffocating her and recognizes moments of clarity when the bell jar is lifted."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Bell Jar received \"warily positive reviews.\" The short time span between the publication of the book and Plath's suicide resulted in \"few innocent readings\" of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Analysis of the phrase \"bell jar\" shows it represents \"Esther's mental suffocation by the unavoidable settling of depression upon her psyche\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Psychiatrist Aaron Beck studied Esther's mental illness and notes two causes of depression evident in her life."
},
{
"section_header": "Style and major themes | Mental health",
"text": "Scholars argue about the nature of Esther's \"bell jar\" and what it can stand for."
}
] |
Sylvia Path is the author of The Bell Jar and 3 other books about mental illness.
| 2 | 4 |
The Bell Jar
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis (born 29 April 1957) is a retired English actor with dual British and Irish citizenship."
}
] |
Te83j9ZnFV7D86bNaSeY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Day-Lewis has held dual British and Irish citizenship since 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Daniel Michael Blake Day-Lewis (born 29 April 1957) is a retired English actor with dual British and Irish citizenship."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Day-Lewis starred in the American film"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He stated: \"I do have dual citizenship, but I think of England as my country."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "I never asked Daniel about his process."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, who was born in the Irish town of Ballintubbert, County Laois, was of Protestant Anglo-Irish descent, lived in England from the age of two, and was appointed Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the Name of the Father (1993), Gangs of New York (2002), and Phantom Thread (2017)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "“If you eliminate the top ten middleweights in Britain, any of the other guys Daniel could have gone in and fought."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Day-Lewis returned to the US in 1993, playing Newland Archer in Martin Scorsese's adaptation of the Edith Wharton novel The Age of Innocence."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "Joe Queenan in The Guardian stated: \"Arguing whether Daniel Day-Lewis is a greater actor than Laurence Olivier, or Richard Burton, or Marlon Brando, is like arguing whether Messi is more talented than Pelé, whether Napoleon Bonaparte edges out Alexander the Great as a military genius.\" Day-Lewis himself"
}
] |
Daniel Day-Lewis is an American actor with dual American and Irish citizenship since 1993.
| 0 | 0 |
Daniel Day-Lewis
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lawrence of Arabia is a 1962 British epic historical drama film based on the life of T. E. Lawrence."
}
] |
TepO3p1GHcBqVdy1V0A6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2004, it was voted the best British film of all time in a Sunday Telegraph poll of Britain's leading filmmakers."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 2004, it was voted the best British film of all time by over 200 respondents in a Sunday Telegraph poll of Britain's leading filmmakers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lawrence of Arabia is a 1962 British epic historical drama film based on the life of T. E. Lawrence."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama and the BAFTA Awards for Best Film and Outstanding British Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 1999, the film placed third in the British Film Institute's poll of the best British films of the 20th century, and in 2001 the magazine Total Film called it \"as shockingly beautiful and hugely intelligent as any film ever made\" and \"faultless\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, the British Film Institute named the film the third-greatest British film of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Film director Steven Spielberg considers this his favourite film of all time and the one that inspired him to become a filmmaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "The film shows Lawrence representing the Allied cause in the Hejaz almost alone, with Colonel Brighton (Anthony Quayle) the only British officer there to assist him."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "It was ranked in the top ten films of all time in the 2002 Sight & Sound directors' poll."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "In fact, there were numerous British officers such as colonels Cyril Wilson, Stewart Francis Newcombe, and Pierce C. Joyce, all of whom arrived before Lawrence began serving in Arabia."
}
] |
Lawrence of Arabia is a 1962 British epic historical drama film, and was voted the best British film of all time in a Sunday Telegraph poll of Britain's leading filmmakers.
| 0 | 0 |
Lawrence of Arabia (film)
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life as a slave",
"text": "Though the exact date of his birth is unknown, he later chose to celebrate the 14th of February as his birthday, remembering that his mother called him her “Little Valentine.”"
}
] |
TfBCRu0lB2353MLTxn2c
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life as a slave | Early learning and experience | The Auld family",
"text": "Under her husband's influence, Sophia came to believe that education and slavery were incompatible and one day snatched a newspaper away from Douglass."
},
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher | Return to the United States",
"text": "Douglass also came to disagree with Garrison."
},
{
"section_header": "From slavery to freedom",
"text": "If life is more than breath, and the 'quick round of blood,' I lived more in one day than in a year of my slave life."
},
{
"section_header": "Abolitionist and preacher | Return to the United States",
"text": "Douglass's change of opinion about the Constitution and his splitting from Garrison around 1847 became one of the abolitionist movement's most notable divisions."
},
{
"section_header": "Life as a slave | Birth family",
"text": "Douglass was of mixed race, which likely included Native American and African on his mother's side, as well as European."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years in Washington, D.C.",
"text": "Her father complimented her for reaching out to Douglass."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and honors",
"text": "This was only 19 days before his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years in Washington, D.C.",
"text": "In 1892, at an Indianapolis conference convened by Bishop Henry McNeal Turner, Douglass spoke out against the separatist movements, urging blacks to stick it out."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War years | Fight for emancipation and suffrage",
"text": "He made plans with Lincoln to move liberated slaves out of the South."
},
{
"section_header": "Life as a slave | Birth family",
"text": "… I do not recollect ever seeing my mother by the light of day."
},
{
"section_header": "Life as a slave",
"text": "Though the exact date of his birth is unknown, he later chose to celebrate the 14th of February as his birthday, remembering that his mother called him her “Little Valentine.”"
}
] |
Frederick Douglass' came out from his mother's womb on Valentine's Day.
| 2 | 4 |
Frederick Douglass
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James VI was the first cousin twice removed of Queen Elizabeth I of England, and when she died childless in March 1603, he became King of England as James I. Charles was a weak and sickly infant, and while his parents and older siblings left for England in April and early June that year, due to his fragile health, he remained in Scotland with his father's friend Lord Fyvie, appointed as his guardian."
}
] |
TfCx5F95qKHWxjBIetRl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal rule | Finances",
"text": "To raise revenue without reconvening Parliament, Charles resurrected an all-but-forgotten law called the \"Distraint of Knighthood\", in abeyance for over a century, which required any man who earned £40 or more from land each year to present himself at the king's coronation to be knighted."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Titles and styles",
"text": "The authors of his death warrant referred to him as \"Charles Stuart, King of England\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his succession in 1625, Charles quarrelled with the Parliament of England, which sought to curb his royal prerogative."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In mid-July 1604, Charles left Dunfermline for England where he was to spend most of the rest of his life."
},
{
"section_header": "English Civil War | Captivity",
"text": "The royalists rose in May 1648, igniting the Second Civil War, and as agreed with Charles, the Scots invaded England."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "Charles was accused of treason against England by using his power to pursue his personal interest rather than the good of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Titles and styles",
"text": "The KingThe official style of Charles I as king in England was \"Charles, by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc.\" The style \"of France\" was only nominal, and was used by every English monarch from Edward III to George III, regardless of the amount of French territory actually controlled."
},
{
"section_header": "Heir apparent",
"text": "The Spanish insisted on toleration of Catholics in England and the repeal of the penal laws, which Charles knew would never be agreed by Parliament, and that the Infanta remain in Spain for a year after any wedding to ensure that England complied with all the terms of the treaty."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal rule | Parliament prorogued",
"text": "The following eleven years, during which Charles ruled England without a Parliament, are referred to as the personal rule or the \"eleven years' tyranny\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious conflicts",
"text": "Puritan reformers thought Charles was too sympathetic to the teachings of Arminianism, which they considered irreligious, and opposed his desire to move the Church of England in a more traditional and sacramental direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James VI was the first cousin twice removed of Queen Elizabeth I of England, and when she died childless in March 1603, he became King of England as James I. Charles was a weak and sickly infant, and while his parents and older siblings left for England in April and early June that year, due to his fragile health, he remained in Scotland with his father's friend Lord Fyvie, appointed as his guardian."
}
] |
Charles I of England was a hearty and robust child, earning the nickname Charles the Mighty.
| 0 | 0 |
Charles I of England
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "He describes James's style of expressing consciousness as \"a system of clauses, sub-clauses, modifications, qualifications and in some cases ruminations\", which anticipates the later styles of stream of consciousness writing by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "Although the narrative is very focused compared to his earlier works, with minimal characters, the writing is complex and elaborate."
}
] |
TfUTJQNPsLfsAidJcF7R
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Golden Bowl is a 1904 novel by Henry James."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "Some critics believe that The Golden Bowl was an inspiration for Iris Murdoch, a known fan of James, and, in particular, her novel A Severed Head."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "\"The author Rebecca West, on the other hand, said of it that \"winter had fallen on [James'] genius in The Golden Bowl."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical editions",
"text": "Henry James, The Golden Bowl ("
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "McCrum included the novel in The Guardian's list of 100 Best Novels, describing it as an \"amazing, labyrinthine, terrifying and often claustrophobic narrative.\" Author Colm Toibin called The Golden Bowl Henry James's best work, in part because James \"stripped down\" the number of characters to four."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "John Banville also compared James's modernist stream of consciousness technique, which characterizes The Golden Bowl, to James Joyce, summarizing it as \"a style designed to catch, with immense, with fiendish, subtlety, and in sentences of labyrinthine intricacy, the very texture of conscious life."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "Henry James himself had a high regard for his last work, describing it to his American publisher as \"distinctly the most done of my productions - the most composed and constructed and completed... I hold the thing the solidest, as yet, of all my fictions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Set in England, this complex, intense study of marriage and adultery completes what some critics have called the \"major phase\" of James' career."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Novels of Henry James by Edward Wagenknecht (New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., 1983) ISBN 0"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "-8044-2959-6 The Novels of Henry James by Oscar Cargill (New York: Macmillan Co., 1961) Gibson, Suzie."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "He describes James's style of expressing consciousness as \"a system of clauses, sub-clauses, modifications, qualifications and in some cases ruminations\", which anticipates the later styles of stream of consciousness writing by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "Although the narrative is very focused compared to his earlier works, with minimal characters, the writing is complex and elaborate."
}
] |
Henry James was known for his austere sentence construction, with the novel The Golden Bowl serving as the epitome of the style he honed throughout his career as an author.
| 0 | 3 |
The Golden Bowl
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Big Dan\" for his size, he was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) and weighed 207 pounds (94 kg), which was large by 19th-century standards."
}
] |
TfWHRiqXUYoeAlCpSVef
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Brouthers may have been named after Saint Denis, as a local Catholic church by that name was founded in the same year.:4 Brouthers had siblings named Martin, Ellen and Margaret.:4–5"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The 19-year-old Brouthers was cleared of any wrongdoing by the authorities."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "Brouthers was then purchased by the Boston Beaneaters of the NL on October 16."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Later career",
"text": "Brouthers is still among the all-time leaders in many offensive categories."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brouthers was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945 by the Veterans Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Troy",
"text": "Brouthers lost 16–0, and within two weeks he was released from the club."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The spelling of the family's name gradually shifted from Brooder to Bruder to Brouthers by 1880."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "Brouthers' numbers declined as well, as he did not produce at the same level of his previous seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Detroit and The Brotherhood",
"text": "Brouthers only played in one of those games, getting two hits in three at bats."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Boston",
"text": "Brouthers signed with the Boston Reds, and batted .330 while leading the league in on-base percentage and slugging."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed \"Big Dan\" for his size, he was 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) and weighed 207 pounds (94 kg), which was large by 19th-century standards."
}
] |
Brouthers was referred to as "Big Dan" in MLB.
| 0 | 0 |
Dan Brouthers
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Format",
"text": "Anne's already budding literary ambitions were galvanized on 29 March 1944 when she heard a London radio broadcast made by the exiled Dutch Minister for Education, Art, and Science, Gerrit Bolkestein, calling for the preservation of \"ordinary documents—a diary, letters ... simple everyday material\" to create an archive for posterity as testimony to the suffering of civilians during the Nazi occupation."
}
] |
Tg67QWbxDqUJEAQL0v8X
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Format",
"text": "It is believed that these names were taken from characters found in a series of popular Dutch books written by Cissy van Marxveldt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its popularity inspired the 1955 play The Diary of Anne Frank by the screenwriters Frances Goodrich and Albert Hackett, which they adapted for the screen for the 1959 movie version."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Diary of a Young Girl, also known as The Diary of Anne Frank, is a book of the writings from the Dutch language diary kept by Anne Frank while she was in hiding for two years with her family during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Since the second surviving volume (a school exercise book) begins on 22 December 1943, and ends on 17 April 1944, it is assumed that the original volume or volumes between December 1942 and December 1943 were lost - presumably after the arrest, when the hiding place was emptied on Nazi instructions."
},
{
"section_header": "Dear Kitty",
"text": "There has been much conjecture about the identity or inspiration of Kitty, who in Anne's revised manuscript is the sole recipient of her letters."
},
{
"section_header": "Copyright and ownership of the originals | Authorship",
"text": "Anne Frank Fonds' claim, however, only referred to the heavily edited 1947 Dutch edition, not to the original diary."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to the Anne Frank House, the red, checkered autograph book which Anne used as her diary was actually not a surprise, since she had chosen it the day before with her father when browsing a bookstore near her home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dagboekbrieven 14 Juni 1942 – 1 Augustus 1944 (The Annex: Diary Notes 14 June 1942 – 1 August 1944) by Contact Publishing in Amsterdam in 1947, the diary received widespread critical and popular attention on the appearance of its English language translation Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl by Doubleday & Company (United States) and Vallentine Mitchell (United Kingdom) in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Publication in English",
"text": "In 1989, an English edition of this appeared under the title of The Diary of Anne Frank: The Revised Critical Edition, including Mooyaart-Doubleday's translation and Anne Frank's versions A and B, based on the Dutch critical version of 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Editorial history | Publication in Dutch",
"text": "\" The book sold well; the 3000 copies of the first edition were soon sold out, and in 1950 a sixth edition was published."
},
{
"section_header": "Format",
"text": "Anne's already budding literary ambitions were galvanized on 29 March 1944 when she heard a London radio broadcast made by the exiled Dutch Minister for Education, Art, and Science, Gerrit Bolkestein, calling for the preservation of \"ordinary documents—a diary, letters ... simple everyday material\" to create an archive for posterity as testimony to the suffering of civilians during the Nazi occupation."
}
] |
Anne was inspired to begin her diary by a popular Dutch book series.
| 2 | 2 |
The Diary of Anne Frank
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "In late 1914 Méndez developed arm trouble and cut back on his pitching, eventually stopping altogether."
}
] |
TgRcvqE8KBhJuDQB4Nd3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "In 1907 Méndez was discovered by Bebé Royer of the Almendares team in the Cuban League."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "In an article in Baseball Magazine in March 1913, Ira Thomas (a catcher with the Philadelphia Athletics who had visited Havana twice) wrote the following about Méndez: Méndez is a remarkable man."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "His career Cuban League record was 76–28, and he ranks first all-time in career winning percentage (minimum of 40 wins) with .731."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Cuban League",
"text": "Source: Figueredo, pp. 72, 78–79, 86, 91–92, 98, 104, 108–109, 114, 118–119, 139, 148, 150, 154–155, 160, 165, 172, 503."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Cuban League",
"text": "More comprehensive statistics for 1908–13 are available from Seamheads.com."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "The average major league winning percentage of the opposing pitchers he faced was .595; he faced star pitchers including Eddie Plank, whom he beat twice, and Chief Bender, whom he beat once."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "Negro league baseball statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference (Negro leagues) The following statistics are from a compilation by Scott Simkus of the 1909 Cuban Stars games against all competition."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "The compilation is missing games during the first month of their tour and for some games is compiled from line scores rather than box scores."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "Source: 1909 Cuban Stars statistics compiled by Scott Simkus. \" 1909 Cuban Stars\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "July 8, 2007. Retrieved June 17, 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "In late 1914 Méndez developed arm trouble and cut back on his pitching, eventually stopping altogether."
}
] |
José Méndez's career as a pitcher ended after he subbed as a catcher and discovered he liked it.
| 0 | 0 |
José Méndez
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 51st Academy Awards, it received eight nominations including for the Best Picture, winning three; Best Original Screenplay, with Voight and Fonda winning Best Actor and Best Actress respectively."
}
] |
TgTZKq4NnPhq4CT5vH1z
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Coming Home premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where Voight won the award for Best Actor for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 51st Academy Awards, it received eight nominations including for the Best Picture, winning three; Best Original Screenplay, with Voight and Fonda winning Best Actor and Best Actress respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received various awards and nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home was theatrically released on February 15, 1978 to critical and commercial success."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home is a 1978 American romantic drama war film directed by Hal Ashby from a screenplay written by Waldo Salt and Robert C. Jones and from a story by Nancy Dowd."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Coming Home was conceived by Jane Fonda as the first feature for her own production company, IPC Films (for Indochina Peace Campaign), with her associate producer Bruce Gilbert, a friend from her protest days."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 36th Golden Globe Awards, it received six nominations including for the Best Motion Picture – Drama with Voight and Fonda winning Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Critics praised its direction, screenplay and performances, while the film grossed $36 million worldwide against its $3 million budget, becoming the 15th highest-grossing film of 1978."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "With nothing else to do, she decides to volunteer at a local veterans' (VA) hospital, partially inspired by her bohemian friend Vi Munson, whose brother Billy has come home after just two weeks in Vietnam with grave emotional problems and now resides in the VA hospital."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Alan J. Pakula's Comes a Horseman (1978)."
}
] |
Coming Home was awarded 3 Academy Awards.
| 0 | 3 |
Coming Home (1978 film)
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He later said that he thought of the idea of the curveball when fooling around with clam shells as a teenager in Ware."
}
] |
ThLfy2uyViAtj8jxSNrh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His pitching skills led to his being called \"Candy\", a popular 19th-century nickname for a man who was the best at his craft."
},
{
"section_header": "Invention of the curveball",
"text": "Cummings said that he discovered the idea of the curveball while studying the movement sea shells made when thrown."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After the latter game, baseball writer Henry Chadwick commented on the skills of the young Cummings and his promising future with the Excelsior club."
},
{
"section_header": "Invention of the curveball",
"text": "Cummings is often credited with being the first pitcher to throw a curveball, reportedly in 1867 at Worcester, Massachusetts while playing for the Brooklyn Excelsiors; some sources say later with the Brooklyn Stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Arthur \"Candy\" Cummings (October 18, 1848 – May 16, 1924) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Invention of the curveball",
"text": "He would later recall from that game: \"I became fully convinced that I had succeeded ... the batters were missing a lot of balls; I began to watch the flight of the ball through the air, and distinctly saw it curve.\" Another pitcher to claim inventing the curveball was Fred Goldsmith."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the age of 17, Cummings made his baseball debut in the National Association of Base Ball Players with the Excelsior baseball club of Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career",
"text": "Among other records, Cummings was the first player to record two complete games in one day: September 9, 1876 when he beat the Cincinnati Reds twice, 14–4 and 8–4.Cummings left the NL after pitching only 19 games with the Cincinnati Reds to become the President of the new International Association for Professional Base Ball Players."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He later said that he thought of the idea of the curveball when fooling around with clam shells as a teenager in Ware."
}
] |
Candy came up with the concept of throwing a ball so that it did not go straight while flinging about sea bivalves as a young man.
| 1 | 1 |
Candy Cummings
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel has spawned numerous theatrical, film, and television interpretations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dracula is an 1897 Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker."
}
] |
ThkeeWxPm4u4i9q3Ekrq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Universal Studios continued to feature the character of Dracula in many of their horror films from the 1930s and 1940s."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The character of Count Dracula has remained popular over the years, and many films have used the character as a villain, while others have named him in their titles, including Dracula's Daughter and The Brides of Dracula."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 1931 film was one of the most commercially successful adaptations of the story to date; it and the Deane/Balderston play that preceded it set the standard for film and television adaptations of the story, with the alterations to the novel becoming standard for later adaptations for decades to come."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Stoker himself wrote the first theatrical adaptation, which was presented at the Lyceum Theatre on 18 May 1897 under the title Dracula, or The Undead shortly before the novel's publication and performed only once, in order to establish his own copyright for such adaptations."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The now-lost film, however, was not an adaptation of Stoker's novel, but featured an original story."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "F. W. Murnau's unauthorised film adaptation Nosferatu was released in 1922, and the popularity of the novel increased considerably, owing to an attempt by Stoker's widow to have the film removed from public circulation."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Later film adaptations include John Badham's 1979 Dracula, starring Frank Langella and inspired by the 1977 Broadway revival of the Deane/Hamilton play, and Francis Ford Coppola's 1992"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1958, film company Hammer Film Productions followed the success of its The Curse of Frankenstein from the previous year with Dracula, released in the United States as Horror of Dracula, directed by Terence Fisher."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Between 1879 and 1898, Stoker was a business manager for the Lyceum Theatre in London, where he supplemented his income by writing many sensational novels, his most successful being the vampire tale Dracula published on 26 May 1897."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "This attempt failed to avoid a court case, however; Florence Stoker sued Prana Film, and all copies of the film were ordered to be destroyed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel has spawned numerous theatrical, film, and television interpretations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dracula is an 1897 Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker."
}
] |
Dracula is a 1897 book that has had many film and tv adaptations.
| 1 | 4 |
Dracula
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The most famous of Thurber's stories, it first appeared in The New Yorker on March 18, 1939, and was first collected in his book My World and Welcome to It (Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1942)."
}
] |
Thv5YvptDE2wPvh61aVy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty\" (1939) is a short story by James Thurber."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage adaptations",
"text": "This musical version of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty depicts Mitty at age 40, tempted by \"would-be chanteuse\" Willa De Wisp to leave his wife Agnes and really live \"the Secret Life\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage adaptations",
"text": "\"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty\" was adapted for the stage by Thurber as part of the 1960 Broadway theater revue A Thurber Carnival."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "In his 2001 book The Man Who Was Walter Mitty: The Life and Work of James Thurber (ISBN 0-930751-13-2), author Thomas Fensch suggests that the character was largely based on Thurber himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The most famous of Thurber's stories, it first appeared in The New Yorker on March 18, 1939, and was first collected in his book My World and Welcome to It (Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1942)."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage adaptations",
"text": "The original cast for the sketch was as follows: Peggy Cass as Mrs. Mitty Tom Ewell as Walter Mitty"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "My First Hundred Years in Hollywood, described the actor Errol Flynn in the following way: \"To the Walter Mittys of the world he was all the heroes in one magnificent, sexy, animal package.\" The short story deals with a vague and mild-mannered man who drives into Waterbury, Connecticut, with his wife for their regular weekly shopping and his wife's visit to the beauty parlor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The name Walter Mitty and the derivative word \"Mittyesque\" have entered the English language, denoting an ineffectual person who spends more time in heroic daydreams than paying attention to the real world, or more seriously, one who intentionally attempts to mislead or convince others that he is something that he is not."
},
{
"section_header": "1947 film",
"text": "In a letter to Life magazine, Thurber expressed his considerable dissatisfaction with the script, even as Goldwyn insisted in another letter that Thurber approved of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As the story ends, Mitty imagines himself facing a firing squad, \"inscrutable to the last.\" Each of the fantasies is inspired by some detail of Mitty's mundane surroundings: The powering up of the \"Navy hydroplane\" in the opening scene is followed by Mrs. Mitty's complaint that Mitty is \"driving too fast\"."
}
] |
The Secret Life of Walter Mitty is the most famous story the author has written.
| 0 | 0 |
The Secret Life of Walter Mitty
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Issues | Texas",
"text": "New Mexico had long prohibited slavery, a fact that affected the debate over its territorial status, but many New Mexican leaders opposed joining Texas primarily because Texas's capital lay hundreds of miles away and"
}
] |
TiaQiMIFW1U8dzr7rfvp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Issues | Texas",
"text": "Texas was staunchly committed to slavery, with its constitution making it illegal for the legislature to free slaves."
},
{
"section_header": "Passage | Opposition",
"text": "President Taylor opposed the compromise and continued to call for immediate statehood for both California and New Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Provisions | Settlement of borders",
"text": "The general solution that was adopted by the Compromise of 1850 was to transfer a considerable part of the territory claimed by Texas state to the federal government; to organize two new territories formally, the Territory of New Mexico and the Territory of Utah, which expressly would be allowed to locally determine whether they would become slave or free territories, to add another free state to the Union (California), to adopt a severe measure to recover slaves who had escaped to a free state or free territory (the Fugitive Slave Law); and to abolish the slave trade in the District of Columbia."
},
{
"section_header": "Issues | Texas",
"text": "New Mexico had long prohibited slavery, a fact that affected the debate over its territorial status, but many New Mexican leaders opposed joining Texas primarily because Texas's capital lay hundreds of miles away and"
},
{
"section_header": "Other proposals",
"text": "New Mexico would get all Texas land north of the 34th parallel north, including today's Texas Panhandle, while the area to the south, including the southeastern part of today's New Mexico, would be divided at the Colorado River of Texas into two Southern states, balancing the admission of California and New Mexico as free states."
},
{
"section_header": "Issues | Texas",
"text": "The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo made no mention of the claims of the Republic of Texas; Mexico simply agreed to a Mexico–United States border south of both the \"Mexican Cession\" and the Republic of Texas claims."
},
{
"section_header": "Other proposals",
"text": "According to historian Mark Stegmaier, \"The Fugitive Slave Act, the abolition of the slave trade in the District of Columbia, the admission of California as a free state, and even the application of the formula of popular sovereignty to the territories were all less important than the least remembered component of the Compromise of 1850—the statute by which Texas relinquished its claims to much of New Mexico in return for federal assumption of the debts.\" Proposals in 1846 to 1850 on the division of the Southwest included the following (some of which are not mutually exclusive): The Wilmot Proviso banning slavery in any new territory to be acquired from Mexico, not including Texas, which had been annexed the previous year."
},
{
"section_header": "Passage | Debate and results",
"text": "The president quickly signed each bill into law save for the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850; he ultimately signed that law as well after Attorney General Crittenden assured him that the law was constitutional."
},
{
"section_header": "Issues",
"text": "Since Texas was a slave state, not only the residents of that state but also both camps on a national scale had an interest in the size of Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Issues",
"text": "Pro-slavery and anti-slavery interests were each concerned with both the amount of land on which slavery was permitted and with the number of States in the slave or free camps."
}
] |
New Mexico and Texas both staunchly opposed the act, and the freeing of slaves in general.
| 3 | 5 |
Compromise of 1850
|
Science
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Current can be measured using an ammeter."
}
] |
Tj5lyD5POSlqidiMaL5v
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Electric current can be directly measured with a galvanometer, but this method involves breaking the electrical circuit, which is sometimes inconvenient."
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Current can be measured using an ammeter."
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Current can also be measured without breaking the circuit by detecting the magnetic field associated with the current."
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Devices, at the circuit level, use various techniques to measure current: Shunt resistors"
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Transformers (however DC cannot be measured) Magnetoresistive field sensors"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They also create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers."
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Rogowski coils current clamps"
},
{
"section_header": "Current measurement",
"text": "Hall effect current sensor transducers"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The ampere (symbol: A) is an SI base unit Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter."
},
{
"section_header": "Current density and Ohm's law",
"text": "V R , {\\displaystyle I={V \\over R}\\,,} where I {\\displaystyle I} is the current, measured in amperes; V {\\displaystyle V} is the potential difference, measured in volts; and R {\\displaystyle R} is the resistance, measured in ohms."
}
] |
An electric current can be measured by an inductor.
| 0 | 1 |
Electric current
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "A major career break came when Washington starred as Dr. Phillip Chandler in NBC's television hospital drama"
}
] |
TjYVUKzu3nEl9E1xvPWv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Washington was reunited with Lee to play one of his most critically acclaimed roles, the title character of 1992's Malcolm X."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "He was one of only a few African-American actors to appear on the series for its entire six-year run."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He then attended graduate school at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco, California, where he stayed for one year before returning to New York to begin a professional acting career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "He also appeared in several television, motion picture and stage roles, such as the films A Soldier's Story (1984), Hard Lessons (1986) and Power (1986)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) named Washington as one of three people (the others being directors Oliver Stone and Michael Moore) with whom they were willing to negotiate for the release of three defense contractors the group had held captive from 2003 to 2008.On May 18, 1991"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Malcolm graduated from the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in film studies, and Olivia played a role in Lee Daniels's film The Butler."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Return to theater",
"text": "In the spring of 2010, Washington played Troy Maxson, opposite Viola Davis, in the Broadway revival of August Wilson's Fences, for which he won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play on June 13, 2010.From April to June 2014, Washington played the leading role in the Broadway production of Lorraine Hansberry's classic drama"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In mid-2004, Washington visited Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) at Fort Sam Houston, where he participated in a Purple Heart ceremony, presenting medals to three Army soldiers recovering from wounds they received while stationed in Iraq."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early work",
"text": "A major career break came when Washington starred as Dr. Phillip Chandler in NBC's television hospital drama"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "On June 25, 1983, Washington married Pauletta Pearson, whom he met on the set of his first screen work, the television film Wilma."
}
] |
One of Denzel's noteworthy roles was playing a medical administrator on a long-running television program.
| 1 | 3 |
Denzel Washington
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Killebrew earned 12 letters in various sports and was named an All-American quarterback at Payette High School; his uniform number was later retired by the school."
}
] |
TjgLniC4HmNCaap0fJUQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Legacy",
"text": "Killebrew is the model for the Major League Baseball Players Alumni Association, an organization which Killebrew helped found in 1982.Killebrew was known as an all-around gentleman during his playing career."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During his 22-year career in Major League Baseball (MLB), primarily with the Minnesota Twins, Killebrew was a prolific power hitter who, at the time of his retirement, had the fourth-most home runs in major league history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Killebrew earned 12 letters in various sports and was named an All-American quarterback at Payette High School; his uniform number was later retired by the school."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Washington Senators",
"text": "Killebrew signed his contract under Major League Baseball (MLB)'s Bonus Rule, which required that he spend two full seasons on the major league roster."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Harmon will long be remembered as one of the most prolific home run hitters in the history of the game and the leader of a group of players who helped lay the foundation for the long-term success of the Twins franchise and Major League Baseball in the Upper Midwest."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Legacy",
"text": "The man hit 573 major league home runs and no umpire ever swung a bat for him."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Washington Senators",
"text": "He made his major league debut four days after signing and six days from his 18th birthday (becoming the youngest active player in the majors at the time), running for pinch-hitter Clyde Vollmer, who had been hit by a pitch with the bases loaded by Chicago White Sox starter Jack Harshman."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Washington Senators",
"text": "A year and one day after making his major league debut, Killebrew hit his first major league home run on June 24, 1955 in the 5th inning off Detroit Tigers starter Billy Hoeft, five days shy of his 19th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, a painter and sheriff, was a member of an undefeated Millikin College football team who was later named an All-American under eventual Pro Football Hall of Fame coach Greasy Neale."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-career",
"text": "While with Oakland, he also served as a major- and minor-league hitting instructor."
}
] |
Harmon Killebrew played Major League Baseball and his home town school made it so that nobody could wear his football numeral.
| 0 | 0 |
Harmon Killebrew
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He held starring roles in the films"
}
] |
TjxL79b5yuRie46zwTqa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Performing as a child, Timberlake sang country and gospel music: at the age of 11, he appeared on the television show Star Search, performing country songs as \"Justin Randall\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1995–2002: NSYNC",
"text": "In late 1999, Timberlake appeared in the Disney Channel movie Model Behavior."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "With Timberlake's agreement to host the tournament, its name was changed to the Justin Timberlake Shriners Hospitals for Children Open."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Justin Randall Timberlake was born on January 31, 1981 in Memphis, Tennessee to Lynn (Bomar) Harless and Charles Randall Timberlake, a Baptist church choir director."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981), occasionally known by his initials JT, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, and record producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Business ventures",
"text": "The pair reports inspiration from fellow Memphis native Elvis Presley: \"Elvis is the perfect mixture of Justin and I,\" Ayala says."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2017: The 20/20 Experience, 2 of 2, and Trolls",
"text": "After four years not performing in concert, Timberlake appeared the night before the 2013 Super Bowl and performed during the \"DirecTV Super Saturday Night\", on February 2, 2013 in New Orleans."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2017: The 20/20 Experience, 2 of 2, and Trolls",
"text": "Timberlake performed at the \"In Performance at the White House: Memphis Soul\" concert, held in the East Room of the White House and hosted by President Barack Obama, celebrating Memphis soul music from the 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "Timberlake has been active in several charitable pursuits, initially through NSYNC's \"Challenge for the Children\" aimed at a range of charities, and since 2001 through his \"Justin Timberlake Foundation,\" which initially funded music education programs in schools, but now has a much broader agenda."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2013–2017: The 20/20 Experience, 2 of 2, and Trolls",
"text": "During 2015, Timberlake performed along with Jimmy Fallon the Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary's cold open, returned to The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon as a guest to perform a sixth edition of the sketch \"History of Rap\", and performed along with Chris Stapleton at the Country Music Association Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He held starring roles in the films"
}
] |
Justin Timberlake has performed in movies.
| 2 | 4 |
Justin Timberlake
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Terms of Endearment is a 1983 American comedy-drama film adapted from Larry McMurtry's 1975 novel, directed, written, and produced by James L. Brooks, and starring Shirley MacLaine, Debra Winger, Jack Nicholson, Danny DeVito, Jeff Daniels, and John Lithgow."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway (MacLaine) and her daughter Emma (Winger)."
}
] |
Tk6lDaQPAaPtyl5lPnkg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Box office",
"text": "Terms of Endearment was commercially successful."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film covers 30 years of the relationship between Aurora Greenway (MacLaine) and her daughter Emma (Winger)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Widowed Aurora Greenway (Shirley MacLaine) keeps several suitors at arm's length in Houston, focusing instead on her close, but controlling, relationship with daughter Emma (Debra Winger)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Terms of Endearment is a 1983 American comedy-drama film adapted from Larry McMurtry's 1975 novel, directed, written, and produced by James L. Brooks, and starring Shirley MacLaine, Debra Winger, Jack Nicholson, Danny DeVito, Jeff Daniels, and John Lithgow."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "The site's consensus reads: \"A classic tearjerker, Terms of Endearment isn't shy about reaching for the heartstrings – but is so well-acted and smartly scripted that it's almost impossible to resist.\" Metacritic reports a score of 79/100 based on reviews from 10 critics, indicating \"Generally favorable reviews\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Anxious to escape her mother, Emma marries callow young college professor Flap Horton (Jeff Daniels) over her mother's objections, moves away, and has three children."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "American Film Institute (nominations): AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: Aurora: \" Would you like to come in?"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Aurora stays by Emma's side through her treatment and hospitalization, even while dealing with her own pain after Garrett suddenly ends their relationship."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "In his movie guide, Leonard Maltin awarded the film a rare four-star rating, calling it a \"Wonderful mix of humor and heartache\", and concluded the film was \"Consistently offbeat and unpredictable, with exceptional performances by all three stars\"."
}
] |
Terms of Endearment was a 1980s movie that was about a mother's relationship with her daughter.
| 1 | 3 |
Terms of Endearment
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Utah War",
"text": "Believing the Latter-day Saints to be in open rebellion, Buchanan in July 1857 sent Alfred Cumming, accompanied by the army, to replace Young as governor."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Utah War",
"text": "In September 1857, the Utah Territorial Militia, associated with the Latter-day Saints, perpetrated the Mountain Meadows massacre against Arkansans headed for California."
}
] |
TkYFEhdlJmiGqAcxS9Jh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "Buchanan is the only president with military experience who was not an officer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Military service",
"text": "When the British invaded neighboring Maryland in 1814, he served in the defense of Baltimore as a private in Henry Shippen's Company, 1st Brigade, 4th Division, Pennsylvania Militia, a unit of yagers."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Personnel | Judicial appointments",
"text": "Buchanan appointed one Justice, Nathan Clifford, to the Supreme Court of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Panic of 1857",
"text": "The Panic of 1857 began in the summer of that year, ushered in by the collapse of 1,400 state banks and 5,000 businesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Congressional and diplomatic career | Secretary of State",
"text": "He and Polk nearly doubled the territory of the United States through the Oregon Treaty and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which included territory that is now Texas, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Colorado."
},
{
"section_header": "Congressional and diplomatic career | Ambassador to the United Kingdom",
"text": "Pierce won the 1852 election, and he accepted the position of United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Bleeding Kansas",
"text": "In a December 1857 meeting with Stephen Douglas, the chairman of the Senate Committee on Territories, Buchanan demanded that all Democrats support the administration's position of admitting Kansas under the Lecompton Constitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Bleeding Kansas",
"text": "On one side were Buchanan, most Southern Democrats, and the \"doughfaces\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "Historical rankings of presidents of the United States without exception place Buchanan among the least successful presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Utah War",
"text": "In September 1857, the Utah Territorial Militia, associated with the Latter-day Saints, perpetrated the Mountain Meadows massacre against Arkansans headed for California."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1857–1861) | Utah War",
"text": "Believing the Latter-day Saints to be in open rebellion, Buchanan in July 1857 sent Alfred Cumming, accompanied by the army, to replace Young as governor."
}
] |
I In 1857, President Buchanan ordered military infantry to invade one of the United States territories.
| 0 | 0 |
James Buchanan
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Symbolism and allusion",
"text": "The Faerie Queene was then banned in Scotland."
}
] |
TkasBSPJMZZ4dhNIIHKt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Though the 1590 edition of The Faerie Queene has Scudamour united with Amoret through Britomart's assistance, the continuation in Book IV has them separated, never to be reunited."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Artegall has a companion in Talus, a metal man who wields a flail and never sleeps or tires but will mercilessly pursue and kill any number of villains."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Poetic structure",
"text": "The Faerie Queene was written in Spenserian stanza, which Spenser created specifically for The Faerie Queene."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Symbolism and allusion",
"text": "The Faerie Queene was then banned in Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Spenser's intentions",
"text": "The Faerie Queene still being incomplete."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "He is on a quest from the Faerie Queene to slay the Blatant Beast."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Spenser's intentions",
"text": "The Faerie Queene was written for Elizabeth to read and was dedicated to her."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Faerie Queene is an English epic poem by Edmund Spenser."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Poetic structure",
"text": "Over two thousand stanzas were written for the 1590 Faerie Queene."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Whitaker, Virgil K. (1952), \"The Theological Structure of the Faerie Queene,"
}
] |
The Faerie Queene was never outlawed.
| 0 | 0 |
The Faerie Queene
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It qualifies as the world's tallest arch."
}
] |
Tkgz9kXTxrQxsySDKsaB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Inspired by the Arch of Titus in Rome, Italy, the Arc de Triomphe has an overall height of 50 metres (164 ft), width of 45 m (148 ft) and depth of 22 m (72 ft), while its large vault is 29.19 m (95.8 ft) high and 14.62 m (48.0 ft) wide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It qualifies as the world's tallest arch."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paris's Arc de Triomphe was the tallest triumphal arch until the completion of the Monumento a la Revolución in Mexico City in 1938, which is 67 metres (220 ft) high."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile (UK: , US: , French: [aʁk də tʁijɔ̃f də letwal] (listen); lit. '\" Triumphal Arch of the Star\"') is one of the most famous monuments in Paris, France, standing at the western end of the Champs-Élysées at the centre of Place Charles de Gaulle, formerly named Place de l'Étoile—the étoile or \"star\" of the juncture formed by its twelve radiating avenues."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "La Grande Arche in La Defense near Paris is 110 metres high."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Arch of Triumph in Pyongyang, completed in 1982, is modelled on the Arc de Triomphe and is slightly taller at 60 m (197 ft)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "After the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel and the Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, the Grande Arche is the third arch built on the same perspective."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "Major academic sculptors of France are represented in the sculpture of the Arc de Triomphe: Jean-Pierre Cortot; François Rude; Antoine Étex; James Pradier and Philippe Joseph Henri Lemaire."
},
{
"section_header": "Access",
"text": "Another 40 steps remain to climb in order to reach the top, the terrasse, from where one can enjoy a panoramic view of Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe honours those who fought and died for France in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces."
}
] |
Arc de Triomphe is one of the most famous monuments in Paris, France, and qualifies as the world's tallest arch with an overall height of 50 metres (164 ft).
| 0 | 0 |
Arc de Triomphe
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Macbeth Macbeth (; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606."
}
] |
TkhaJXXsvPk5cSQ08oCS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Shakespeare's day to the Interregnum",
"text": "The only eyewitness account of Macbeth in Shakespeare's lifetime was recorded by Simon Forman, who saw a performance at the Globe on 20 April 1610."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Restoration and eighteenth century",
"text": "The first professional performances of Macbeth in North America were probably those of The Hallam Company."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Restoration and eighteenth century",
"text": "John Philip Kemble first played Macbeth in 1778."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Macbeth Macbeth (; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs",
"text": "Macbeth was first printed in the First Folio, but has no Quarto version – if there were a Quarto, it would probably be longer than the Folio version."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | 20th century to present",
"text": "Two developments changed the nature of Macbeth performance in the 20th century: first, developments in the craft of acting itself, especially the ideas of Stanislavski and Brecht; and second, the rise of the dictator as a political icon."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | 20th century to present",
"text": "Barry Jackson, at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre in 1923, was the first of the 20th-century directors to costume Macbeth in modern dress."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | 20th century to present",
"text": "The play has been translated and performed in various languages in different parts of the world, and Media Artists was the first to stage its Punjabi adaptation in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Restoration and eighteenth century",
"text": "Ferdinand Fleck, notable as the first German actor to present Shakespeare's tragic roles in their fullness, played Macbeth at the Berlin National Theatre from 1787."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text",
"text": "The following lines (Act V, Scene 1, 24–30) are, according to scholars, a clear allusion to the scene in which Banquo's ghost haunts Macbeth at the dinner table: Macbeth was first printed in the First Folio of 1623 and the Folio is the only source for the text."
}
] |
Macbeth was first performed in 1610.
| 0 | 0 |
Macbeth
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Tourism and development",
"text": "The gateway is amongst the prime tourist attractions in Mumbai."
}
] |
TkiFAV15KgyAF0QPEP7q
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Tourism and development",
"text": "The gateway is a protected monument in Maharashtra under the aegis of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI)."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "The gateway was built to commemorate the arrival of George V, Emperor of India and Mary of Teck, Empress consort, in India at Apollo Bunder, Mumbai (then Bombay) on 2 December 1911 prior to the Delhi Durbar of 1911; it was the first visit of a British monarch to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The gateway is also the monument from where the last British troops left India in 1948, following Indian independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Location and jetties",
"text": "The first jetty is exclusive to the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, while the second and third are used for commercial ferry operations, the fourth one is closed, and the fifth is exclusive to the Royal Bombay Yacht Club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Gateway of India is an arch-monument built in the early twentieth century in the city of Mumbai, in the Indian state of Maharashtra."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "Gammon India had undertaken construction work for the gateway."
},
{
"section_header": "Design and architecture",
"text": "The cost of the construction was ₹21 lakhs (two million one hundred thousand rupees), borne by the then government."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "The monument commemorates the legacy of British colonial rule, namely the first visit of a British monarch to India and its use as an entry point for prominent colonial personnel into British India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was erected to commemorate the landing in December 1911 at Apollo Bunder, Mumbai (then Bombay) of King-Emperor George V and Queen-Empress Mary, the first British monarch to visit India."
},
{
"section_header": "History and significance",
"text": "Since its construction, the gateway has remained amongst the first structures visible to visitors arriving in Bombay by the sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism and development",
"text": "The gateway is amongst the prime tourist attractions in Mumbai."
}
] |
The Gateway of India is one of the most popular monuments in Bombay.
| 0 | 0 |
Gateway of India
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In general, the details of Aristotle's life are not well-established."
}
] |
TlCd7YLxasGHNJbj5tyZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Aristotle (; Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs, pronounced [aristotélɛːs]; 384–322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "Aristotle, whose name means \"the best purpose\" in Ancient Greek, was born in 384 BC in Stagira, Chalcidice, about 55 km (34 miles) east of modern-day Thessaloniki."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "In general, the details of Aristotle's life are not well-established."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | On the medieval Islamic world",
"text": "Most of the still extant works of Aristotle, as well as a number of the original Greek commentaries, were translated into Arabic and studied by Muslim philosophers, scientists and scholars."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | On medieval Europe",
"text": "These thinkers blended Aristotelian philosophy with Christianity, bringing the thought of Ancient Greece into the Middle Ages."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "This period in Athens, between 335 and 323 BC, is when Aristotle is believed to have composed many of his works."
},
{
"section_header": "Natural philosophy | Biology | Scientific style",
"text": "He used the ancient Greek term pepeiramenoi to mean observations, or at most investigative procedures like dissection."
},
{
"section_header": "Life",
"text": "The biographies written in ancient times are often speculative and historians only agree on a few salient points."
},
{
"section_header": "Natural philosophy | Biology | Scientific style",
"text": "From the data he collected and documented, Aristotle inferred quite a number of rules relating the life-history features of the live-bearing tetrapods (terrestrial placental mammals) that he studied."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Aristotle was born in the city of Stagira in Northern Greece."
}
] |
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece whose life was well documented and supported.
| 0 | 0 |
Aristotle
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rodney Cline Carew (born October 1, 1945) is a Panamanian former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman, second baseman and coach who played from 1967 to 1985 for the Minnesota Twins and the California Angels."
}
] |
TlrncJYeaNGPluTJh3jr
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "a painter. Carew is a Zonian and was born to a Panamanian mother on a train in the town of Gatún, which, at that time, was in the Panama Canal Zone."
},
{
"section_header": "After retirement",
"text": "On January 19, 2004, Panama City's National Stadium was renamed \"Rod Carew Stadium\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "This marked the 41st time in Major League history and the 20th time in AL history that a runner had stolen every base in an inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rodney Cline Carew (born October 1, 1945) is a Panamanian former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman, second baseman and coach who played from 1967 to 1985 for the Minnesota Twins and the California Angels."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "In the top of the second inning on April 11, 1967, at Memorial Stadium against the Baltimore Orioles, Carew hit a single for his first major league hit in his first plate appearance, he would finish the game going 2–4."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Carew is the son of Olga Teoma, and Eric Carew, Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In appreciation for this, Mrs. Carew named the boy Rodney Cline Carew."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Carew walked, then executed a double steal with Tovar as Tovar stole home and Carew stole second."
},
{
"section_header": "Outside baseball | Confusion over conversion to Judaism",
"text": "But guess who is: Hall of Famer Rod Carew. -"
},
{
"section_header": "After retirement",
"text": "Further, Carew became involved in the branding and launching of a Left Ventricular Assist Device wear company, Carew Medical Wear"
}
] |
Carew was born in Panama.
| 0 | 0 |
Rod Carew
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "A story circulated that Hunter's family gave him the nickname as a child when he went missing and was later found with a string of catfish; there is no truth to that explanation."
}
] |
TltZRJHVpSTOdRTPctDo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Augustus Hunter (April 8, 1946 – September 9, 1999), nicknamed \"Catfish\", was a professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "In 1966 and 1967, Hunter was named to the American League All-Star team."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "In 1976, Hunter won 17 games, led the Yankees in complete games and innings pitched, and was again named to the All-Star team."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Buttermaker asks, \"Who do you think you are, Catfish Hunter?\" Amanda responds by asking, \"Who's he?\" In the movie Grumpier Old Men, an enormous and highly prized fish is named \"Catfish Hunter\" by the locals."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "A story circulated that Hunter's family gave him the nickname as a child when he went missing and was later found with a string of catfish; there is no truth to that explanation."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Reception",
"text": "But he told great stories. He had a heck of a sense of humor."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball and highest-paid pitcher in history when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "He led the league in wins (23) for the second year in a row, and also led the league in innings pitched (328) and complete games (30) to finish second to Jim Palmer of the Baltimore Orioles in the American League Cy Young balloting."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Hunter got off to a rough start going 0–3 in his first three starts, but settled down and was named to his seventh All-Star team."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During his senior year in November 1963, Hunter's right foot was wounded by a brother in a hunting accident; he lost one of his toes and shotgun pellets lodged in his foot."
}
] |
American baseball player Catfish Hunter was named for a story of how he survived after he got lost in the woods.
| 0 | 0 |
Catfish Hunter
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her father's parents were Italian emigrants from Pacentro, while her mother was of French-Canadian descent."
}
] |
TmDTNTlcuIDk79iZKbGj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Influences",
"text": "According to Taraborrelli, the defining moment of Madonna's childhood was the death of her beloved mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The 100 Most Influential Musicians of All Time (2010), Madonna's levels of power and control were \"unprecedented\" for a woman in the entertainment industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2006: American Life and Confessions on a Dance Floor",
"text": "Madonna also signed a contract with Callaway Arts & Entertainment to be the author of five children's books."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As a businesswoman, Madonna founded an entertainment company called Maverick (including the label Maverick Records) in 1992."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Madonna later acknowledged that she had not grasped the concept of her mother dying."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Influences",
"text": "saying—after I got over my heartache—I'm going to be really strong if I can't have my mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her father's parents were Italian emigrants from Pacentro, while her mother was of French-Canadian descent."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her \"Little Nonnie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1958–1981: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her mother was at a loss to explain her medical condition, and often began to cry when Madonna questioned her about it."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Influences",
"text": "As they grew older, Madonna and her sisters felt deep sadness as the memory of their mother began drifting away from them."
}
] |
The entertainer, Madonna's mother is French-Canadian.
| 2 | 6 |
Madonna (entertainer)
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On November 21, 2019, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Donald Trump."
}
] |
TmMTtDCp3qMeTlP5oIPq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "Based on the popular video game, the digital adventuress was played on the big screen by Voight's own real-life daughter Angelina Jolie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On November 21, 2019, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Donald Trump."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is the father of actress Angelina Jolie and actor James Haven."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "Roberts was also honored for his performance, receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Their children, James Haven (born May 11, 1973) and Angelina Jolie (born June 4, 1975), would go on to enter the film business as actors and producers."
},
{
"section_header": "Political views",
"text": "In May 2008, Voight paid a solidarity visit to Israel in honor of its 60th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jon Voight (; born December 29, 1938) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Jon Voight appears briefly as himself in the episode and bites Kramer on the arm."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "On March 26, 2019, Voight was appointed to a six-year term on the Board of Trustees of the Kennedy Center in Washington DC."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1960s",
"text": "Voight's film debut did not come until 1967, when he took a part in Phillip Kaufman's crimefighter spoof, Fearless Frank."
}
] |
Jon Voight's daughter is Angelina Jolie and was awarded the Medal of Honor in 2019.
| 0 | 1 |
Jon Voight
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spärck Jones was educated at a grammar school in Huddersfield and then from 1953 to 1956 at Girton College, Cambridge, studying history, with an additional final year in Moral Sciences (philosophy)."
}
] |
TmPcjMflbgP9vNWJKFhW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Karen Ida Boalth Spärck Jones was born in Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Formerly known as Canalside West, the Spärck Jones building houses the University's School of Computing and Engineering."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "An annual British Computer Society Karen Spärck Jones lecture is named in her honour."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Spärck Jones worked at the Cambridge Language Research Unit from the late 1950s, then at Cambridge University Computer Laboratory from 1974 until her retirement in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Her main research interests, since the late 1950s, were natural language processing and information retrieval."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spärck Jones was educated at a grammar school in Huddersfield and then from 1953 to 1956 at Girton College, Cambridge, studying history, with an additional final year in Moral Sciences (philosophy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "She briefly became a school teacher, before moving into computer science."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Karen Spärck Jones FBA (26 August 1935 – 4 April 2007) was a pioneering British computer scientist responsible for the concept of inverse document frequency, a technology that underlies most modern search engines."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2019, The New York Times published her belated obituary in its series Overlooked, calling her \"a pioneer of computer science for work combining statistics and linguistics, and an advocate for women in the field.\" From 2008, to recognize her achievements in the fields of IR and NLP, the Karen Spärck Jones Award is awarded to a new recipient with outstanding research in one or both of her fields."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her father was Owen Jones, a lecturer in chemistry, and her mother was Ida Spärck, a Norwegian who moved to Britain during World War II leaving on one of the last boats out of Norway after the German invasion in 1940."
}
] |
Karen Sparck Jones went to school in the 1950s in England.
| 0 | 4 |
Karen Sparck Jones
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Brothers Karamazov (Russian: Бра́тья Карама́зовы, Brat'ya Karamazovy, pronounced [ˈbratʲjə kərɐˈmazəvɨ]), also translated as The Karamazov Brothers, is the final novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dostoevsky died less than four months after its publication."
}
] |
TnGUZaktHR5nc4UwhP5B
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Parts of the biographical section of Zosima's life are based on \"The Life of the Elder Leonid\", a text he found at Optina and copied \"almost word for word.\" Although written in the 19th century, The Brothers Karamazov displays a number of modern elements."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Brothers Karamazov (Russian: Бра́тья Карама́зовы, Brat'ya Karamazovy, pronounced [ˈbratʲjə kərɐˈmazəvɨ]), also translated as The Karamazov Brothers, is the final novel by Russian author Fyodor Dostoevsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Book Thirteen: The Brothers Karamazov",
"text": "Alyosha promises to remember Kolya, Ilyusha, and all the boys and keep them close in his heart, even though he will have to leave them and may not see them again until many years have passed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dostoevsky died less than four months after its publication."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Russian politician Vladimir Putin has described The Brothers Karamazov as one of his favorite books."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "For example, the attorney Fetyukovich (based on Vladimir Spasovich) is characterized by malapropisms (e.g. 'robbed' for 'stolen', and at one point declares possible suspects in the murder 'irresponsible' rather than innocent)."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "In an essay on The Brothers Karamazov, written after the Russian Revolution and the First World War, Nobel Prize-winning author Hermann Hesse described Dostoevsky as not a \"poet\" but a \"prophet\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters | Alexei Fyodorovich Karamazov",
"text": "The narrator identifies him as the hero of the novel in the opening chapter, as does the author in the preface."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Contemporary Turkish Nobel Prize-winning writer Orhan Pamuk said during a lecture in St. Petersburg that the first time he read The Brothers Karamazov, his life was changed."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Book Thirteen: The Brothers Karamazov",
"text": "Alyosha then recounts the Christian promise that they will all be united one day after the Resurrection."
}
] |
Brothers Karamazov was printed months after the authors passing and is based on his life.
| 0 | 0 |
The Brothers Karamazov
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Louisville Colonels",
"text": "Dreyfuss enjoyed the game of baseball."
}
] |
TnHrGh2ul1dN96NfJ51K
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bernhard \"Barney\" Dreyfuss (February 23, 1865 – February 5, 1932) was an executive in Major League Baseball who owned the Pittsburgh Pirates franchise from 1900 to his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Once in America, Barney Dreyfuss lived and worked with the Bernheim family in Paducah, Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Louisville Colonels",
"text": "Dreyfuss enjoyed the game of baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dreyfuss is often credited with the creation of the modern baseball World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Dreyfuss was named to the Honor Rolls of Baseball in 1946 and inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008 following his election by the Veterans Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Benswanger ran the team until it was sold in 1946, ending the Dreyfuss-Benswanger family's half-century in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He also built one of baseball's first modern steel and concrete baseball parks, Forbes Field, in 1909."
},
{
"section_header": "Louisville Colonels",
"text": "He fueled his interest by organizing amateur baseball teams first for the distillery workers, then semi-pro clubs around Louisville."
},
{
"section_header": "Pittsburgh Pirates | 1910 to 1932",
"text": "He also worked to abolish the three-man commission that ran the National League in favor of appointing a baseball commissioner, a post to be occupied by Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis."
}
] |
Barney Dreyfuss hated baseball.
| 2 | 7 |
Barney Dreyfuss
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of October 2019, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 21st richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$37.6 billion."
}
] |
TnM1yPFprq87vOcHrvPR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Nike Inc.",
"text": "The first Tiger samples would take more than a year to be shipped to Knight; during that time he found a job as an accountant in Portland."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In total, he has donated over $2 billion to the three institutions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of October 2019, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 21st richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$37.6 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Accolades",
"text": "His lifetime gifts now approach $2 billion.\" In 2000, Knight was inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame for his Special Contribution to Sports in Oregon."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy | University of Oregon | Oregon Ducks",
"text": "The sports complex was named the Marcus Mariota Sports Performance Center and includes motion capture systems, neurocognitive assessment tools, 40-yard dash track, and steam machines made by Nike to help athletes break into their footwear more quickly."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy | Other projects",
"text": "On June 25, 2015, OHSU met that $500 million goal, and Knight announced his upcoming $500 million donation, to bring the total to $1 billion raised."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy | University of Oregon | Controversy",
"text": "Prior to his appointment at UO, Kilkenny had been the chairman and chief executive officer of the San Diego-based Arrowhead General Insurance Agency, and grew the business into a nationwide organization, with written premiums of nearly US$1 billion when he sold the company in 2006."
}
] |
Phil Knight's assets are more than 30 billion.
| 2 | 5 |
Phil Knight
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1939–1952: Controversies and fading popularity | The Great Dictator",
"text": "The Great Dictator received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor."
}
] |
TnRwI3G7mrds6WuOgZpw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "The latter has since been presented annually to filmmakers as The Chaplin Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1923–1938: Silent features | Travels, Paulette Goddard, and Modern Times",
"text": "Like its predecessor, Modern Times employed sound effects but almost no speaking."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "Chaplin received many awards and honours, especially later in life."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "Chaplin received three Academy Awards: an Honorary Award for \"versatility and genius in acting, writing, directing, and producing The Circus\" in 1929, a second Honorary Award for \"the incalculable effect he has had in making motion pictures the art form of this century\" in 1972, and a Best Score award in 1973 for Limelight (shared with Ray Rasch and Larry Russell)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Marcel Marceau said he was inspired to become a mime artist after watching Chaplin, while the actor Raj Kapoor based his screen persona on the Tramp."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1953–1977: European years | Final works and renewed appreciation",
"text": "It was his first to use Technicolor and the widescreen format, while he concentrated on directing and appeared on-screen only in a cameo role as a seasick steward."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "He was also awarded honorary Doctor of Letters degrees by the University of Oxford and the University of Durham in 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "From the film industry, Chaplin received a special Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival in 1972, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Lincoln Center Film Society the same year."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1923–1938: Silent features | City Lights",
"text": "One journalist wrote, \"Nobody in the world but Charlie Chaplin could have done it."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition",
"text": "He was further nominated in the Best Actor, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Picture (as producer) categories for The Great Dictator, and received another Best Original Screenplay nomination for Monsieur Verdoux."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1939–1952: Controversies and fading popularity | The Great Dictator",
"text": "The Great Dictator received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor."
}
] |
Charlie Chaplin was a silent screen actor but had a speaking role that was award winning.
| 0 | 0 |
Charlie Chaplin
|
Technology
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Football",
"text": "Panasonic is an official partner and sponsor of AFC Champions League and Major League Soccer."
}
] |
TnmXNUGNW6i97bP24kjt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "Panasonic currently sponsors Japanese IndyCar Series driver Takuma Sato in his Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing car."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "Panasonic was also a sponsor in NASCAR's Busch Series in 2005, sponsoring the No. 67 Smith Brothers Racing Dodge for Ken Schrader, Bryan Reffner, C.W. Smith, and Johnny Benson, Jr.."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "Panasonic was a primary sponsor of Toyota's Formula One program, Panasonic Toyota Racing."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "In 2007, Panasonic became a technology partner with Hendrick Motorsports, and will serve as a primary sponsor of the team's No. 24 car with Jeff Gordon for two races in 2014 and through 2015 .Panasonic has been a top level sponsor of the Olympic Games since the Seoul Olympics in 1988.Panasonic was the official partner and sponsor of the Boston Celtics from 1975 to 1989, along with Technics."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Football",
"text": "Panasonic is an official partner and sponsor of AFC Champions League and Major League Soccer."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Football",
"text": "Panasonic sponsors the German footballer Marco Reus, who plays for Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund and Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "On September 8, 2016, Panasonic was unveiled as the title sponsor for the new Jaguar Formula E team."
},
{
"section_header": "Current operations | Panasonic Corporation in Indonesia",
"text": "Seigo Saifu is the current President Director and Rachmat Gobel is the current President Commissioner."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Other",
"text": "On February 14, 2017, Panasonic was unveiled as the main sponsor of Lega Basket Serie A, the highest professional basketball league in Italy and one of the top ranked national domestic league in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Sponsorships | Football",
"text": "Between 1981 and 1983, Panasonic was the shirt sponsor of English football club Nottingham Forest F.C.On January 16, 2010, Panasonic signed a three-year, ₹ 47 million (£518.5K ) jersey sponsorship deal for the India national football team."
}
] |
Panasonic is currently sponsoring the MLS.
| 1 | 8 |
Panasonic
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "After Hadrian | Tourism",
"text": "Although Hadrian's Wall was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, it remains unguarded, enabling visitors to climb and stand on the wall, although this is not encouraged, as it could damage the historic structure."
}
] |
TornwLkZhd6RhOMqesGU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Purpose of construction",
"text": "These troubles may have influenced Hadrian's plan to construct the wall as well as his construction of frontier boundaries in other areas of the Empire, but to what extent is unknown."
},
{
"section_header": "After Hadrian",
"text": "Archaeologists have revealed that some parts of the wall remained occupied well into the 5th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Purpose of construction",
"text": "The frontiers of Rome were never expected to stop tribes from migrating or armies from invading, and while a frontier protected by a palisade or stone wall would help curb cattle-raiders and the incursions of other small groups, the economic viability of constructing and keeping guarded a wall 72 miles (116 km) long along a sparsely populated border to stop small-scale raiding is dubious."
},
{
"section_header": "Purpose of construction",
"text": "Hadrian's Wall was probably planned before Hadrian's visit to Britain in 122."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Hell's Kitchen is named \"Hadrian's Wall\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Roman-period names",
"text": "Hadrian's family name was Aelius, and the most likely reading of the inscription is Valli Aelii (genitive), Hadrian's Wall, suggesting that the wall was called by the same name by contemporaries."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Hadrian's Wall by Adrian Goldsworthy is a short history of the wall (April 2018)."
},
{
"section_header": "After Hadrian",
"text": "The campaign ended inconclusively and the Romans eventually withdrew to Hadrian's Wall."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In comparison, the Antonine Wall, thought by some to be based on Hadrian's wall (the Gillam hypothesis), was not declared a World Heritage site until 2008.It is a common misconception that Hadrian's Wall marks the boundary between England and Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "After Hadrian",
"text": "Bede obviously identified Gildas's stone wall as Hadrian's Wall (actually built in the 120s) and he would appear to have believed that the ditch-and-mound barrier known as the Vallum (just to the south of and contemporary with, Hadrian's Wall) was the rampart constructed by Severus."
},
{
"section_header": "After Hadrian | Tourism",
"text": "Although Hadrian's Wall was declared a World Heritage Site in 1987, it remains unguarded, enabling visitors to climb and stand on the wall, although this is not encouraged, as it could damage the historic structure."
}
] |
Hadrian's Wall is well guarded.
| 0 | 0 |
Hadrian's Wall
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas."
}
] |
TpdL3xW5jEcn4MuX8qlq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Bulgaria's highest-ranked higher education institution is Sofia University."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "Bulgaria is a parliamentary democracy where the prime minister is the head of government and the most powerful executive position."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Structure and sectors",
"text": "Although cereal and vegetable output dropped by 40% between 1990 and 2008, output in grains has since increased, and the 2016–2017 season registered the biggest grain output in a decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Bulgaria's geographic coordinates are 43° N 25° E."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Placed 39th in 2018, it is Bulgaria's highest-ranked club in UEFA."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Former Statistics head Reneta Indzhova has disputed the 2011 census figures, suggesting the actual population is smaller than reported."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Science and technology",
"text": "Bulgaria's first geostationary communications satellite—BulgariaSat-1—was launched by SpaceX in 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "After the Liberation, Ivan Mrkvička, Anton Mitov, Vladimir Dimitrov, Tsanko Lavrenov and Zlatyu Boyadzhiev introduced newer styles and substance, depicting scenery from Bulgarian villages, old towns and historical subjects."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Administrative divisions",
"text": "It includes 27 provinces and a metropolitan capital province (Sofia-Grad)."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Legal system",
"text": "The Ministry of the Interior also heads the Border Police Service and the National Gendarmerie—a specialized branch for anti-terrorist activity, crisis management and riot control."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The capital and largest city is Sofia; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas."
}
] |
Bulgaria's biggest town is Denia while the head of government is in Sofia.
| 0 | 0 |
Bulgaria
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "And I'm not even frontin'. \"West demonstrated an affinity for the arts at an early age; he began writing poetry when he was five years old."
}
] |
TqBEcpmc6PjEJO0RMstU
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "And I'm not even frontin'. \"West demonstrated an affinity for the arts at an early age; he began writing poetry when he was five years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "West got his big break in the year 2000, when he began to produce for artists on Roc-A-Fella Records."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from high school, West received a scholarship to attend Chicago's American Academy of Art in 1997 and began taking painting classes, but shortly after transferred to Chicago State University to study English."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After his parents divorced when he was three years old, he moved with his mother to Chicago, Illinois."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "West started rapping in the third grade and began making musical compositions in the seventh grade, eventually selling them to other artists."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2017–present: Ye, Jesus Is King, and further collaborations",
"text": "In April 2018, West announced plans to write a philosophy book entitled Break the Simulation, later clarifying that he was sharing the book \"in real time\" on Twitter and began posting content that was likened to \"life coaching\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "Though he had developed his rapping long before he began producing, it was often a challenge for West to be accepted as a rapper, and he struggled to attain a record deal."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1996–2002: Early work and Roc-A-Fella Records",
"text": "Kanye West began his early production career in the mid-1990s, creating beats primarily for burgeoning local artists, eventually developing a style that involved speeding up vocal samples from classic soul records."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2017–present: Ye, Jesus Is King, and further collaborations",
"text": "Later in 2018, West began collaborating with other new acts besides Lil Pump."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family",
"text": "West began an on-and-off relationship with designer Alexis Phifer in 2002, and they became engaged in August 2006."
}
] |
Kanye West began demonstrating an affinity for the arts at an early age and began writing poetry when he was five years old.
| 3 | 5 |
Kanye West
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Opposition to the Vietnam War | 1970 arrest",
"text": "Fonda's mugshot from the arrest, in which she raises her fist in a sign of solidarity, has since become a widely published image of the actress."
}
] |
TqWRHfPJJfs2CjlFDzrb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jane Seymour Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is an American actress, political activist, and former fashion model."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Opposition to the Vietnam War | 1970 arrest",
"text": "Fonda's mugshot from the arrest, in which she raises her fist in a sign of solidarity, has since become a widely published image of the actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Opposition to the Vietnam War | 1970 arrest",
"text": "Fonda alleged that the arresting officer told her he was acting on direct orders from the Nixon White House."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Native Americans",
"text": "In addition to environmental reasons, Fonda has been a critic of oil pipelines because of their being built without consent on Native American Land."
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Opposition to the Vietnam War | 1970 arrest",
"text": "On November 3, 1970, Fonda was arrested by authorities at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport on suspicion of drug trafficking."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Resurgence and critical acclaim (1970–1979)",
"text": "There isn't another young dramatic actress in American films who can touch her\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Resurgence and critical acclaim (1970–1979)",
"text": "She has somehow got to a plane of acting at which even the closest closeup never reveals a false thought and, seen on the movie streets a block away, she's Bree, not Jane Fonda, walking toward us."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Resurgence and critical acclaim (1970–1979)",
"text": "Critical reaction was mixed, but Fonda's comic performance was praised; Vincent Canby of The New York Times remarked, \"I never have trouble remembering that Miss Fonda is a fine dramatic actress"
},
{
"section_header": "Political activism | Native Americans",
"text": "Fonda went on to say that we need to \"help men understand why they are so threatened – and change the way we view masculinity.\" Fonda went to Seattle, in 1970 to support a group of Native Americans who were led by Bernie Whitebear."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "The couple had a daughter, Vanessa Vadim, born on September 28, 1968 in Paris and named after the actress and activist Vanessa Redgrave."
}
] |
Jane Fonda, an American actress and activist, has never been arrested.
| 1 | 3 |
Jane Fonda
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "\"The Prague Spring is featured in several works of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "The event has been referenced in popular music, including the music of Karel Kryl, Luboš Fišer's Requiem, and Karel Husa's Music for Prague 1968."
}
] |
Tqqj4FAQuvt6eWXCyIBS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Socialism with a human face | Action Programme",
"text": "Those who drafted the Action Programme were careful not to criticize the actions of the post-war Communist regime, only to point out policies that they felt had outlived their usefulness."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "\"The Prague Spring is featured in several works of literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1963 Liblice Conference",
"text": "This conference was unique because it symbolized Kafka's rehabilitation in the Eastern Bloc after having been heavily criticized, led to a partial opening up of the regime and influenced the relaxation of censorship."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | 1963 Liblice Conference",
"text": "This conference had a revolutionary effect and paved the way for the reforms while making Kafka the symbol of the renaissance of Czechoslovakian artistic and intellectual freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Memory | Conflicted memories",
"text": "The Prague Spring also influenced a renewal of the Prague artistic and cultural scene as well as a liberalization of society which deeply marked the following years."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Husák worked to reinstate the power of the police and strengthen ties with the rest of the Communist bloc."
},
{
"section_header": "Soviet reaction | Invasion",
"text": "Preceding the invasion was a rather calm period without any major events taking place in Czechoslovakia."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "The Czech musical film, Rebelové from Filip Renč, also depicts the events, the invasion and subsequent wave of emigration."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Prague Spring inspired music and literature including the work of Václav Havel, Karel Husa, Karel Kryl and Milan Kundera's novel"
},
{
"section_header": "Soviet reaction | Reactions to the invasion",
"text": "Canadian delegates immediately introduced another motion asking for a UN representative to travel to Prague and work toward the release of the imprisoned Czechoslovak leaders."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Cultural impact",
"text": "The event has been referenced in popular music, including the music of Karel Kryl, Luboš Fišer's Requiem, and Karel Husa's Music for Prague 1968."
}
] |
The event has not been a subject artists have used in their work.
| 0 | 0 |
Prague Spring
|
NOCAT
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Pius IX celebrated his silver jubilee in 1871, going on to have the longest reign in the history of the post-apostolic papacy, 31 years, 7 months, and 23 days."
},
{
"section_header": "Last years and death",
"text": "Pope Pius IX died on 7 February 1878, aged 85, concluding the longest pontificate in papal history, after that of Saint Peter, whom tradition holds had reigned for 37 years."
}
] |
Tr9si95gj4miFvGXLp41
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pius IX (Italian: Pio IX; born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878) was Pope from 1846, the longest-reigning Roman Pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Last years and death",
"text": "Pope Pius IX died on 7 February 1878, aged 85, concluding the longest pontificate in papal history, after that of Saint Peter, whom tradition holds had reigned for 37 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Pius IX celebrated his silver jubilee in 1871, going on to have the longest reign in the history of the post-apostolic papacy, 31 years, 7 months, and 23 days."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "There is also a stop on the Montreal Metro system called Pie-IX serving Olympic Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Election",
"text": "By the second day of the conclave, on 16 June 1846, during an evening ballot, Mastai Ferretti was elected pope."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In two nights after his 1846 pardon freeing all political prisoners, thousands of Romans with torches roamed to the Quirinal Palace, where Pius IX lived, celebrating the pope with Evvivas, speeches and music through both nights."
},
{
"section_header": "Papacy | Governing the church | Canonizations and beatifications",
"text": "Pope Pius IX canonized 52 saints during his pontificate."
},
{
"section_header": "Sovereignty of the Papal States",
"text": "Pius IX was not only pope, but until 1870, also the last Sovereign Ruler of the Papal States."
},
{
"section_header": "Theology | Encyclicals",
"text": "Pius IX was the first pope to popularize encyclicals on a large scale to foster his views."
},
{
"section_header": "Sovereignty of the Papal States | Military",
"text": "A distinct military body was the specially-selected and trained Swiss Guard, who served as the Pope's personal bodyguard."
}
] |
Pius IX is the second longest serving pope in Roman history.
| 0 | 0 |
Pope Pius IX
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Replicas",
"text": "There are various scale models of the tower in the United States, including a half-scale version at the Paris Las Vegas, Nevada, one in Paris, Texas built in 1993, and two 1:3 scale models at Kings Island, Ohio, and Kings Dominion, Virginia, amusement parks opened in 1972 and 1975 respectively."
}
] |
TrFMDEqcFndBd15Mn9qm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler Building in New York City was topped out."
},
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The tower has lost its standing both as the world's tallest structure and the world's tallest lattice tower but retains its status as the tallest freestanding (non-guyed) structure in France."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "In 1987, A.J. Hackett made one of his first bungee jumps from the top of the Eiffel Tower, using a special cord he had helped develop."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "Although construction involved 300 on-site employees, only one person died, due to Eiffel's safety precautions and the use of movable gangways, guardrails and screens."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft)."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Accommodation",
"text": "When originally built, the first level contained three restaurants — one French, one Russian and one Flemish — and an \"Anglo-American Bar\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Restaurants",
"text": "This restaurant has one star in the Michelin Red Guide."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inauguration and the 1889 exposition",
"text": "Eiffel invited Edison to his private apartment at the top of the tower, where Edison presented him with one of his phonographs, a new invention and one of the many highlights of the exposition."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "In April 1935, the tower was used to make experimental low-resolution television transmissions, using a shortwave transmitter of 200 watts power."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Subsequent events",
"text": "The new cars operate in pairs, with one counterbalancing the other, and perform the journey in one stage, reducing the journey time from eight minutes to less than two minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Replicas",
"text": "There are various scale models of the tower in the United States, including a half-scale version at the Paris Las Vegas, Nevada, one in Paris, Texas built in 1993, and two 1:3 scale models at Kings Island, Ohio, and Kings Dominion, Virginia, amusement parks opened in 1972 and 1975 respectively."
}
] |
The one in the US is taller, and cleaner.
| 3 | 5 |
Eiffel Tower
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Other incidents",
"text": "From 12 September 2019, the climate change campaign group, Heathrow Pause attempted to disrupt flights into and out of Heathrow Airport in London by flying drones in the airport's exclusion zone."
}
] |
Trdsge4sjyGD6cLPmAad
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Terrorism and security incidents",
"text": "On 13 July 2015, thirteen activists belonging to the climate change protest group Plane Stupid managed to break through the perimeter fence and get onto the northern runway."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Terrorism and security incidents",
"text": "At about 09:45 GMT the protesters unveiled a \"Climate Emergency – No Third Runway\" banner over the aircraft's tailfin."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents",
"text": "The pilot and co-pilot ejected and survived, but the four other occupants were killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents",
"text": "This resulted in a rolling movement to port which could not be controlled during the approach, causing the aircraft to contact the grass and swerve towards the terminal building."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Terrorism and security incidents",
"text": "On 25 February 2008, Greenpeace activists protesting against the planned construction of a third runway managed to cross the tarmac and climb atop a British Airways Airbus A320, which had just arrived from Manchester Airport."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Other incidents",
"text": "From 12 September 2019, the climate change campaign group, Heathrow Pause attempted to disrupt flights into and out of Heathrow Airport in London by flying drones in the airport's exclusion zone."
},
{
"section_header": "Terminals | Terminal assignments",
"text": "As of July 2019, Heathrow's four passenger terminals are assigned as follows:\nFollowing the opening of Terminal 5 in March 2008, a complex programme of terminal moves was implemented."
},
{
"section_header": "Access | Inter-terminal transport",
"text": "Plans exist to extend the Pod system to connect Terminals 2 and 3 to remote car parks."
},
{
"section_header": "Incidents and accidents | Terrorism and security incidents",
"text": "They chained themselves together in protest, disrupting hundreds of flights."
},
{
"section_header": "Traffic and statistics | Busiest routes",
"text": "Heathrow Airport processed 80,884,310 passengers in 2019."
}
] |
In a late 2019 protest, climate activists caused chaos by piloting remote controlled vehicles into Heathrow's airspace.
| 3 | 10 |
Heathrow Airport
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "As the tallest building in the world, at that time, and the first one to exceed 100 floors, the Empire State Building became an icon of the city and, ultimately, of the nation."
}
] |
Tre8YGzXvNUfp1XK1bg4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "\"As an icon of the United States"
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "As the tallest building in the world and the first one to exceed 100 floors, the Empire State Building immediately became an icon of the city and of the nation."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "The writer Benjamin Flowers states that the Empire State was \"a building intended to celebrate a new America, built by men (both clients and construction workers) who were themselves new Americans.\" The architectural critic Jonathan Glancey refers to the building as an \"icon of American design\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Profitability",
"text": "The Empire State Building only started becoming profitable in the 1950s, when it was finally able to break even for the first time."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | Iconic status",
"text": "In 2013, Time magazine noted that the Empire State Building \"seems to completely embody the city it has become synonymous with\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Interior",
"text": "The Empire State Building was the first building to have more than 100 floors."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "As the tallest building in the world, at that time, and the first one to exceed 100 floors, the Empire State Building became an icon of the city and, ultimately, of the nation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of 2020, the building is the seventh-tallest building in New York City, the ninth-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States, the 48th-tallest in the world, and the fifth-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas."
},
{
"section_header": "Importance | In popular culture",
"text": "As an icon of New York City, the Empire State Building has been featured in various films, books, TV shows, and video games."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Opening and early years",
"text": "According to The New York Times, builders and real estate speculators predicted that the 1,250-foot-tall (380 m) Empire State Building would be the world's tallest building \"for many years\", thus ending the great New York City skyscraper rivalry."
}
] |
The Empire State Building was the first structure to have 115 floors thus becoming an iconic building in both New York and the United States.
| 1 | 4 |
Empire State Building
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Referred to as the \"Princess of Pop\", Spears was credited as one of the \"driving force[s] behind the return of teen pop in the late 1990s\"."
}
] |
TrkuSFEOcDPuzxRmsdBF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Public image",
"text": "A doll. Britney is a drag queen."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "eighteen years as a performer, Billboard described her as having \"earned her title as one of pop's reigning queens."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "With \"... Baby One More Time\", [Spears] changed the sound of pop forever: It's Britney, bitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "On January 8, 2014, Spears won Favorite Pop Artist at the 40th People's Choice Awards at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style",
"text": "Spears is described as a pop singer and generally explores the genre in the form of dance-pop."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Referred to as the \"Princess of Pop\", Spears was credited as one of the \"driving force[s] behind the return of teen pop in the late 1990s\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style",
"text": "Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone wrote: \"Spears carries on the classic archetype of the rock & roll teen queen, the dungaree doll, the angel baby who just has to make a scene.\" In a review for ... Baby One"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2001–2002: Britney and Crossroads",
"text": "\" The album was honored with two Grammy nominations—Best Pop Vocal Album and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for \"Overprotected\"— and was listed in 2008 as one of Entertainment Weekly's \"100 Best Albums from the Past 25 Years\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "Spears announced through her Twitter account in August 2014 that she would be releasing an intimate apparel line called \"The Intimate Britney Spears\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Britney Jean and Britney: Piece of Me",
"text": "Spears began work on her eighth studio album, Britney Jean, in December 2012, and enlisted"
}
] |
Britney Spears was dubbed the queen of pop.
| 1 | 2 |
Britney Spears
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Current building use",
"text": "Since the bank's closing in 1841, the edifice has performed a variety of functions."
}
] |
Ts77GBxUow9Eu3e2Ne4m
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Second Bank of the United States, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was the second federally authorized Hamiltonian national bank in the United States during its 20-year charter from February 1816 to January 1836."
},
{
"section_header": "Terms of charter",
"text": "The Second Bank of the United States was America's central bank, comparable to the Bank of England and the Bank of France, with one key distinction – the United States government owned one-fifth (20%) of its capital."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Jackson's Bank War",
"text": "Jackson proceeded to destroy the bank as a financial and political force by removing its federal deposits, and in 1833, federal revenue was diverted into selected private banks by executive order, ending the regulatory role of the Second Bank of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "BUS regulatory mechanisms",
"text": "The primary regulatory task of the Second Bank of the United States, as chartered by Congress in 1816, was to restrain the uninhibited proliferation of paper money (bank notes) by state or private lenders, which was highly profitable to these institutions."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "The Greek Revival style used for the Second Bank contrasts with the earlier, Federal style in architecture used for the First Bank of the United States, which also still stands and is located nearby in Philadelphia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Failing to secure recharter, the Second Bank of the United States became a private corporation in 1836, and underwent liquidation in 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The bank's formal name, according to section 9 of its charter as passed by Congress, was \"The President, Directors, and Company, of the Bank of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "Strickland's design for the Second Bank of the United States is in essence based on the Parthenon in Athens, Greece, and is a significant early and monumental example of Greek Revival architecture."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture",
"text": "The architect of the Second Bank of the United States was William Strickland (1788–1854), a former student of Benjamin Latrobe (1764–1820), the man who is often called the first professionally trained American architect."
},
{
"section_header": "Terms of charter",
"text": "Headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the bank was authorized to establish branch offices where it deemed suitable and these were immune from state taxation."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture | Current building use",
"text": "Since the bank's closing in 1841, the edifice has performed a variety of functions."
}
] |
The Second Bank of the United States was the second federally authorized Hamiltonian national bank in the United States during its 20-year charter until the bank's closing in 1851.
| 0 | 0 |
Second Bank of the United States
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a concept that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density) towards itself."
}
] |
TsB8gIPejgW998Qx3MzQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Methods of calculation | Pauling electronegativity",
"text": "Br 2.00 eV) As only differences in electronegativity are defined, it is necessary to choose an arbitrary reference point in order to construct a scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a concept that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons (or electron density) towards itself."
},
{
"section_header": "Methods of calculation | Mulliken electronegativity",
"text": "Robert S. Mulliken proposed that the arithmetic mean of the first ionization energy (Ei) and the electron affinity (Eea) should be a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract electrons."
},
{
"section_header": "Methods of calculation | Allred–Rochow electronegativity",
"text": "A. Louis Allred and Eugene G. Rochow considered that electronegativity should be related to the charge experienced by an electron on the \"surface\" of an atom: The higher the charge per unit area of atomic surface the greater the tendency of that atom to attract electrons."
},
{
"section_header": "Group electronegativity",
"text": "The terms group electronegativity and substituent electronegativity are used synonymously."
},
{
"section_header": "Group electronegativity",
"text": "Kabachnik parameters are group electronegativities for use in organophosphorus chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Trends in electronegativity | Electronegativity and hybridization scheme",
"text": "The electronegativity of an atom changes depending on the hybridization of the orbital employed in bonding."
},
{
"section_header": "Group electronegativity",
"text": "In organic chemistry, electronegativity is associated more with different functional groups than with individual atoms."
},
{
"section_header": "Correlation of electronegativity with other properties",
"text": "The wide variety of methods of calculation of electronegativities, which all give results that correlate well with one another, is one indication of the number of chemical properties which might be affected by electronegativity."
},
{
"section_header": "Correlation of electronegativity with other properties",
"text": "In general, the greater the difference in electronegativity between two atoms"
}
] |
Electronegativity does not define the tendency of a fragment.
| 3 | 5 |
Electronegativity
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Augustus Hunter (April 8, 1946 – September 9, 1999), nicknamed \"Catfish\", was a professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a member of five World Series championship teams."
}
] |
TseubXezIqKImt8Nlds6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Reception",
"text": "If you didn't know he was making that kind of money, you'd never guess it because he was humble, very reserved about being a star-type player... almost a little bit shy."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Free agency",
"text": "Hunter recalled being scared after he was declared a free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He was unconscious for several days after the fall, but he had returned home from that hospitalization when he died."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Reception",
"text": "After Hunter's death, former teammate Reggie Jackson described Hunter as a \"fabulous human being."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Free agency",
"text": "Twenty days later on December 16, arbitrator Peter Seitz decided in favor of Hunter, officially making him a free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "In 1976, Hunter won 17 games, led the Yankees in complete games and innings pitched, and was again named to the All-Star team."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "Hunter never played in the minor leagues and his first major league victory came on July 27, 1965 in Fenway Park against the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "The Jim \"Catfish\" Hunter Memorial is located in Hertford."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "In 2004, the Oakland Athletics began the Catfish Hunter Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Buttermaker asks, \"Who do you think you are, Catfish Hunter?\" Amanda responds by asking, \"Who's he?\" In the movie Grumpier Old Men, an enormous and highly prized fish is named \"Catfish Hunter\" by the locals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Augustus Hunter (April 8, 1946 – September 9, 1999), nicknamed \"Catfish\", was a professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a member of five World Series championship teams."
}
] |
Despite what it may seem, Catfish Hunter never spent days tirelessly dogging those who projected themselves to be something they were not in online discourse.
| 0 | 4 |
Catfish Hunter
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974 in Los Angeles, California, the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground comix writer, publisher, and distributor of comic books."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in the Uffizi museum in Florence, Italy, when he first kicked."
}
] |
TtNltjRLTbnWqH0YaIap
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (, Italian: [diˈkaːprjo]; born November 11, 1974) is an American actor, producer, philanthropist, and environmentalist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "DiCaprio was named Leonardo because his pregnant mother was looking at a Leonardo da Vinci painting in the Uffizi museum in Florence, Italy, when he first kicked."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Environmental activism",
"text": "He established the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation in 1998, a non-profit organization devoted to promoting environmental awareness."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and acting background",
"text": "Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio was born on November 11, 1974 in Los Angeles, California, the only child of Irmelin (née Indenbirken), a legal secretary, and George DiCaprio, an underground comix writer, publisher, and distributor of comic books."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Philanthropy",
"text": "In 1998, DiCaprio and his mother donated $35,000 for a \"Leonardo DiCaprio Computer Center\" at the library in Los Feliz, the site of his childhood home."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2014–present: Emphasis on documentaries | Upcoming projects",
"text": "Later that year, Paramount won a bidding war against Universal Pictures for the rights to adapt Walter Isaacson's biography of Leonardo da Vinci."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "DiCaprio is the founder of Appian Way Productions—a production company that has produced some of his films and the documentary series Greensburg (2008–2010)—and the Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation, a non-profit organization devoted to promoting environmental awareness."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1991–1996: Career beginnings",
"text": "He replaced River Phoenix, who died before filming began."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Los Angeles, DiCaprio began his career by appearing in television commercials in the late 1980s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2002–2009: Move into film production",
"text": "To prepare, he spent six months in Africa, learned about camouflage from people in South African military and interviewed and recorded people in the country to improve his South African accent."
}
] |
Leonardo DiCaprio was born on Veteran's Day and called Leonardo after his Uncle Leonardo who died while in the military.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonardo DiCaprio
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Death",
"text": "Death is a major theme seen throughout Charlotte's Web and is brought forth by that of the spider, Charlotte's web."
}
] |
Tto5GEdtvmBRVKNHCQlG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Innocence",
"text": "Sophie Mills states that the two characters can identify with one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "In some passages, she is the heroine of the story."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "She is the only human in the story capable of understanding nonhuman conversation."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "White’s publishers were at one point concerned with the book’s ending and tried to get White to change it."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She misses most of the fair's events in order to go on the Ferris wheel with Henry Fussy, one of her classmates."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": ", Wilbur names one of them Nellie, while the remaining two name themselves Joy and Aranea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A live-action film version of E. B. White's original story was released in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Fern often sits on a stool, listening to the animals' conversation, but over the course of the story, as she starts to mature"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" It was one of the \"Top 100 Chapter Books\" of all time in a 2012 poll by School Library Journal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel tells the story of a livestock pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a barn spider named Charlotte."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Death",
"text": "Death is a major theme seen throughout Charlotte's Web and is brought forth by that of the spider, Charlotte's web."
}
] |
Demise is one of the sweeping themes of the story.
| 1 | 4 |
Charlotte's Web
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Allan Huber \"Bud\" Selig (; born July 30, 1934) is an American baseball executive who currently serves as the Commissioner Emeritus of Baseball."
}
] |
TuTlN6KPaXsmjJFCuxsz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "One of the games played in Milwaukee that year was against the expansion Seattle Pilots, the team that would become the Brewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "Selig arranged for major league games to be played at Milwaukee County Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Selig Experience",
"text": "In May 2015, the Milwaukee Brewers honored Bud Selig with the unveiling of the Selig Experience exhibit at Miller Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Selig Experience",
"text": "The Selig Experience is a fifteen-minute documentary showing Bud Selig's life and work for the Milwaukee Brewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "When his quest to keep the team in Milwaukee finally failed after the 1965 season, he changed the group's name to Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club, Inc., after the minor league baseball team he grew up watching, and devoted himself to returning Major League Baseball to Milwaukee."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "On August 24, 2010, a statue of Selig, the Selig Monument, commissioned by Brewers owner Mark Attanasio and designed by artist Brian Maughan, was unveiled outside Miller Park in Milwaukee."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "When Selig was only three, Marie began taking him and his older brother, Jerry, to Borchert Field, where the minor league Milwaukee Brewers played."
},
{
"section_header": "Milwaukee Brewers owner",
"text": "During Selig's tenure as club president, the Brewers participated in postseason play in 1981, when the team finished first in the American League East during the second half of the season, and in 1982, when the team made it to the World Series, under the leadership of future Hall of Famers Robin Yount and Paul Molitor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Allan Huber \"Bud\" Selig (; born July 30, 1934) is an American baseball executive who currently serves as the Commissioner Emeritus of Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Commissioner (1998–2015) | Controversies",
"text": "You shouldn't even have two days off after the season.\" Related to the contraction controversy in 2001, Rob Dibble posted an open letter to Bud Selig, criticizing his actions for benefiting only the Milwaukee Brewers."
}
] |
Bud Selig played baseball professionally for the Milwaukee Brewers.
| 0 | 0 |
Bud Selig
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JFK is a 1991 American political thriller film directed by Oliver Stone."
}
] |
TvJDa5hN29f4R0ivZZAO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Zachary Sklar, a journalist and a professor of journalism at the Columbia School of Journalism, met Garrison in 1987 and helped him rewrite a manuscript that he was working on about Kennedy's assassination."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was adapted by Stone and Zachary Sklar from the books On the Trail of the Assassins (1988) by Jim Garrison and Crossfire: The Plot That Killed Kennedy (1989) by Jim Marrs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JFK is a 1991 American political thriller film directed by Oliver Stone."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite the controversy surrounding its historical depiction, JFK received critical praise for the performances of its cast, Stone's directing, score, editing, and cinematography."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Principal photography",
"text": "Richardson said of Stone's style of direction, \"Oliver disdains convention, he tries to force you into things that are not classic."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Sklar edited the book and it was published in 1988."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "Stone and Sklar used composite characters, most notably the \"Mr. X\" character played by Donald Sutherland."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "When Stone set out to write the screenplay, he asked Sklar (who also edited Marrs' book) to co-write it with him and distill the Garrison and Marrs books and Rusconi's research into a script that would resemble what he called \"a great detective movie.\" Stone told Sklar his vision of the film: I see the models as Z and Rashomon"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "Sklar spent a year researching and writing a 550-page triple-spaced screenplay and then Stone rewrote it and condensed it closer to normal screenplay length."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Rita Kempley in The Washington Post wrote, Quoting everyone from Shakespeare to Hitler to bolster their arguments, Stone and Sklar present a gripping alternative to the Warren Commission's conclusion."
}
] |
JFK was directed by Zachary Sklar.
| 0 | 0 |
JFK (film)
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The only player to be named Most Valuable Player (MVP) of both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), he was named the NL MVP after leading the Cincinnati Reds to the pennant in 1961 and was named the AL MVP in 1966 with the Baltimore Orioles after winning the Triple Crown; Robinson's 49 home runs (HR) that year tied for the most by any AL player between 1962 and 1989, and stood as a franchise record for 30 years."
}
] |
TwU99yVpMnZa5lLd4bRA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Robinson won the American League Triple Crown (.316 BA, 49 HR, 122 RBI) – only two players (Carl Yastrzemski and Miguel Cabrera) have since won the award in either league – and the two MVP awards, which made him the first player in baseball history to earn the title in both leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "He is one of only two major league players, the other being Nolan Ryan, to have his number retired by three different organizations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The only player to be named Most Valuable Player (MVP) of both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), he was named the NL MVP after leading the Cincinnati Reds to the pennant in 1961 and was named the AL MVP in 1966 with the Baltimore Orioles after winning the Triple Crown; Robinson's 49 home runs (HR) that year tied for the most by any AL player between 1962 and 1989, and stood as a franchise record for 30 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Baltimore Orioles (1966–1971)",
"text": "In the Orioles' four-game sweep of the defending champion Los Angeles Dodgers, Robinson hit two home runs—one in Game One (which Baltimore won 5–2), and one in Game Four (the only run of the game in a 1–0 series-clinching victory)."
},
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "Instead, managers are supposed to discreetly switch position players in between innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "However, LeCroy, the third-string catcher, had allowed Houston Astros baserunners to steal seven bases over seven innings and had committed two throwing errors."
},
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "After Robinson had spent some years known in baseball as the Director of Discipline, he was chosen by Major League Baseball in 2002 to manage the Expos, which MLB owned at that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For most of the last two decades of his life, Robinson served in various executive positions for Major League Baseball, concluding his career as honorary President of the American League."
},
{
"section_header": "Manager | Managing career",
"text": "During a game against the Houston Astros on May 25, 2006, Robinson pulled Nationals catcher Matt LeCroy during the middle of the seventh inning, violating an unwritten rule that managers do not remove position players in the middle of an inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Extra Innings. Extra Innings. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0070531838."
}
] |
Robinson is only one of two players to ever become MVP in both MLB leagues.
| 2 | 4 |
Frank Robinson
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture | Followers and international influence",
"text": "The Mahatma Gandhi District in Houston, Texas, United States, an ethnic Indian enclave, is officially named after Gandhi."
}
] |
TwULfEvydt3HH4TdCNfX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Struggle for Indian independence (1915–1947) | Khilafat movement",
"text": "Deadly religious riots re-appeared in numerous cities, with 91 in United Provinces of Agra and Oudh alone."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture | Awards",
"text": "When the 14th Dalai Lama was awarded the Prize in 1989, the chairman of the committee said that this was \"in part a tribute to the memory of Mahatma Gandhi\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture",
"text": "These include M.G.Road (the main street of a number of Indian cities including Mumbai and Bangalore), Gandhi Market (near Sion, Mumbai) and Gandhinagar (the capital of the state of Gujarat, Gandhi's birthplace)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Struggle for Indian independence (1915–1947) | Partition and independence",
"text": "Jinnah rejected Gandhi's proposal and called for Direct Action Day, on 16 August 1946, to press Muslims to publicly gather in cities and support his proposal for the partition of the Indian subcontinent into a Muslim state and non-Muslim state."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and background",
"text": "Karamchand and Putlibai had three children over the ensuing decade: a son, Laxmidas (c. 1860–1914); a daughter, Raliatbehn (1862–1960); and another son, Karsandas (c. 1866–1913).On 2 October 1869, Putlibai gave birth to her last child, Mohandas, in a dark, windowless ground-floor room of the Gandhi family residence in Porbandar city."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture | Film, theatre and literature",
"text": "The 1989 Marathi play Me Nathuram Godse Boltoy and the 1997 Hindi play Gandhi Ambedkar criticised Gandhi and his principles."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture",
"text": "Innumerable streets, roads and localities in India are named after M.K.Gandhi."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture | Awards",
"text": "Time magazine named Gandhi the Man of the Year in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary works",
"text": "Gandhi's complete works were published by the Indian government under the name"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Three years in London | Called to the bar",
"text": "In 1893, a Muslim merchant in Kathiawar named Dada Abdullah contacted Gandhi."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and depictions in popular culture | Followers and international influence",
"text": "The Mahatma Gandhi District in Houston, Texas, United States, an ethnic Indian enclave, is officially named after Gandhi."
}
] |
In 1989, the city of Boston named a part of the city after him.
| 4 | 6 |
Mahatma Gandhi
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland."
}
] |
TwenkKamFX9hrWvetVoO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Migration",
"text": "In 2011, citizens of the new EU member states made up 13 per cent of the immigrants entering the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Administrative divisions",
"text": "Local councils are made up of elected councillors, of whom there are 1,223; they are paid a part-time salary."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and terminology",
"text": "Although the United Kingdom is a sovereign country, England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are also widely referred to as countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sport",
"text": "England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland usually compete as separate countries in international competitions."
},
{
"section_header": "History | To the Treaty of Union of 1706",
"text": "Subsequent medieval English kings completed the conquest of Wales and made unsuccessful attempts to annex Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sport",
"text": "Scotland, England (and Wales), and Ireland (including Northern Ireland) have competed at the Cricket World Cup, with England winning the tournament in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "All pupils in Wales are either taught Welsh as a second language up to age 16, or are taught in Welsh, as a first language."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Migration",
"text": "Throughout the 19th century a small population of German immigrants built up, numbering 28,644 in England and Wales in 1861."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Devolved administrations",
"text": "The UK does not have a codified constitution and constitutional matters are not among the powers devolved to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland."
}
] |
The U.K made up of 4 countries including Ireland and Wales.
| 0 | 0 |
United Kingdom
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Agamemnon's father, Atreus, murdered the sons of his twin brother Thyestes and fed them to Thyestes after discovering Thyestes' adultery with his wife Aerope."
}
] |
Twvp7BRV54HZbb8SsP1c
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Agamemnon's family history had been tarnished by murder, incest, and treachery, consequences of the heinous crime perpetrated by his ancestor, Tantalus, and then of a curse placed upon Pelops, son of Tantalus, by Myrtilus, whom he had murdered."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Agamemnon's father, Atreus, murdered the sons of his twin brother Thyestes and fed them to Thyestes after discovering Thyestes' adultery with his wife Aerope."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In old versions of the story, the scene of the murder, when it is specified, is usually the house of Aegisthus, who has not taken up residence in Agamemnon's palace, and it involves an ambush and the deaths of Agamemnon's followers as well (or it seems to be an ancestral home of both Agamemnon and Aegisthus since Agamemnon's wife is stated to be there as well"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon Agamemnon's return from Troy, he was killed (according to the oldest surviving account, Odyssey 11.409–11) by Aegisthus, the lover of his wife Clytemnestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to Greece",
"text": "Agamemnon's son Orestes later avenged his father's murder, with the help or encouragement of his sister Electra, by murdering Aegisthus and Clytemnestra (his own mother), thereby inciting the wrath of the Erinyes (English: the Furies), winged goddesses who tracked down wrongdoers with their hounds' noses and drove them to insanity."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to Greece",
"text": "In Homer's version of the story in the Odyssey, Aegisthus ambushes and kills Agamemnon in a feasting hall under the pretense of holding a feast in honor of Agamemnon's return home from Troy."
},
{
"section_header": "Return to Greece",
"text": "Clytemnestra also killed Cassandra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In some later versions Clytemnestra herself does the killing, or she and Aegisthus act together, killing Agamemnon in his own home."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Aegisthus murdered Atreus, restored Thyestes to the throne and took possession of the throne of Mycenae and jointly ruled with his father."
},
{
"section_header": "Other stories",
"text": "There, the former king met Odysseus and explained just how he was murdered before he offered Odysseus a warning about the dangers of trusting a woman."
}
] |
Agamemnon's dad murder killed his nephews.
| 0 | 0 |
Agamemnon
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "Schubert's immediate ancestors came originally from the province of Zuckmantel in Austrian Silesia."
}
] |
Twzx0WHgEdrTpbelX85g
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Final illness and death",
"text": "In 1872, a memorial to Franz Schubert was erected in Vienna's Stadtpark."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Publication – catalogue | Deutsch catalogue",
"text": "Franz Schubert: Thematic Catalogue of his Works in Chronological Order)."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "He was the twelfth child of Franz Theodor Florian Schubert (1763–1830) and Maria Elisabeth Katharina Vietz (1756–1812)."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition | In film and television",
"text": "Schubert's life was covered in the documentary Franz Peter Schubert: The Greatest Love and the Greatest Sorrow by Christopher Nupen (1994), and in the documentary Schubert –"
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition | Tributes by other musicians",
"text": "German electronic music group Kraftwerk has an instrumental piece titled Franz Schubert on their 1977 album Trans-Europe Express."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Publication – catalogue | Deutsch catalogue",
"text": "This was first published in English in 1951 (Schubert Thematic Catalogue) and subsequently revised for a new edition in German in 1978 (Franz Schubert: Thematisches Verzeichnis seiner Werke in chronologischer Folge –"
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition | Commemorations",
"text": "In Vienna, there were ten days of concerts, and the Emperor Franz Joseph gave a speech recognising Schubert as the creator of the art song, and one of Austria's favourite sons."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "Franz Peter Schubert was born in Himmelpfortgrund (now a part of Alsergrund), Vienna, Archduchy of Austria on 31 January 1797, and baptised in the Catholic Church the following day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Franz Peter Schubert (German: [ˈfʁant͡s ˈpeːtɐ ˈʃuːbɐt]; 31 January 1797 – 19 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Teacher at his father's school",
"text": "In that year, he was also introduced to Anselm Hüttenbrenner and Franz von Schober, who would become his lifelong friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "Schubert's immediate ancestors came originally from the province of Zuckmantel in Austrian Silesia."
}
] |
Franz Schubert had roots from Germany.
| 0 | 0 |
Franz Schubert
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He reveals that he has built a machine capable of carrying a person through time, and returns at dinner the following week to recount a remarkable tale, becoming the new narrator."
}
] |
TxApQDPIVKaPEJijGbbT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film adaptations | 1978 television film",
"text": "It was a modernization of the Wells's story, making the Time Traveller a 1970s scientist working for a fictional US defence contractor, \"the Mega Corporation\"."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "The events of this story are portrayed as having inspired Wells to write The Time Machine."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "In the 1978 telefilm version of the story, the Time Traveller (this time a modern-day American) is named Dr. Neil Perry."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "In The Time Ships, Stephen Baxter's sequel to The Time Machine, the Time Traveller encounters his younger self via time travel."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "In the Doctor Who comic strip story \"The Eternal Present\", the character of Theophilus Tolliver is implied to be the Time Traveller of Wells's novella."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "\"How do you know about that?\" Moses—my hated first name, for which I had been endlessly tormented at school—and which I had kept a secret since leaving home!\" This is a reference to H.G. Wells's story \"The Chronic Argonauts\", the story which grew into The Time Machine, in which the inventor of the Time Machine is named Dr. Moses Nebogipfel; the surname of Wells's first inventor graces another character in Baxter's book (see above)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Time Machine is a science fiction novella by H. G. Wells, published in 1895 and written as a frame narrative."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film adaptations | 1960 film",
"text": "In 1960, the novella was made into an American science fiction film, also known promotionally as H.G. Wells's The Time Machine."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "The Space Machine by Christopher Priest gives the Time Traveller's name as William Reynolds."
},
{
"section_header": "The Time Traveller",
"text": "It has also been suggested that the Time Traveller was based on Thomas Edison."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He reveals that he has built a machine capable of carrying a person through time, and returns at dinner the following week to recount a remarkable tale, becoming the new narrator."
}
] |
The Time Machine is a fictional story about time travel.
| 0 | 0 |
The Time Machine
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in Texas, Gomez began her career by appearing on the children's television series Barney & Friends (2002–2004)."
}
] |
TxsM7AvhmpUSp0penXbF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "In 2011, Gomez starred in the film Monte Carlo."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Gomez was slated to release two films under the company."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Upon receiving the role, Gomez and her mother moved to Hollywood, Los Angeles, California; Lovato and her family also moved to Hollywood, hoping to achieve similar success to Gomez."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Hoping to achieve a successful crossover into music, Gomez formed the pop-rock band Selena Gomez & the Scene through her record deal with Hollywood Records."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Gomez recorded the theme song for the series, titled \"Everything is Not What It Seems\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Gomez formed her own production company in 2008, which she called July Moon Productions."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "The name of the band is an \"ironic jab\" at the people who called Gomez a \"wannabe scene\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Gomez appeared in a cameo role in the film The Muppets and appeared in the Disney shows"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "The series quickly became a hit for the network, propelling Gomez to more mainstream success."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2007–2012: Breakthrough with Disney and Selena Gomez & the Scene",
"text": "Later that year, Gomez had the supporting role of Helga in the animated film Horton Hears a Who!"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born and raised in Texas, Gomez began her career by appearing on the children's television series Barney & Friends (2002–2004)."
}
] |
Gomez is a Texan.
| 0 | 1 |
Selena Gomez
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "US President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and UK Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, discussed what would become the Atlantic Charter in 1941 during the Atlantic Conference in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland."
}
] |
Tz6WXhjX4I24l3EdH0sI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Participants",
"text": "United KingdomPrime Minister Winston Churchill"
},
{
"section_header": "Content and analysis",
"text": "The Atlantic Charter made clear that the United States was supporting the United Kingdom in the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "US President, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and UK Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, discussed what would become the Atlantic Charter in 1941 during the Atlantic Conference in Placentia Bay, Newfoundland."
},
{
"section_header": "Participants",
"text": "Admiral Sir Dudley Pound, Royal Navy United StatesPresident Franklin D. Roosevelt"
},
{
"section_header": "Acceptance by Inter-Allied Council and by United Nations",
"text": "At the subsequent meeting of the Inter-Allied Council in London on 24 September 1941, the governments-in-exile of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, and Yugoslavia, together with the Soviet Union and representatives of the Free French Forces unanimously adopted adherence to the common principles of policy set forth by the United Kingdom and United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "On first meeting, Churchill and Roosevelt were silent for a moment until Churchill said \"At long last, Mr. President\", to which Roosevelt replied \"Glad to have you aboard, Mr. Churchill\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin of name",
"text": "When it was released to the public, the charter was titled \"Joint Declaration by the President and the Prime Minister\" and was generally known as the \"Joint Declaration.\" The Labour Party newspaper Daily Herald coined the name Atlantic Charter, but Churchill used it in Parliament on 24 August 1941, which has since been generally adopted."
},
{
"section_header": "Content and analysis",
"text": "There were eight principal points of the charter: no territorial gains were to be sought by the United States or the United Kingdom; territorial adjustments must be in accord with the wishes of the peoples concerned; all people had a right to self-determination; trade barriers were to be lowered; there was to be global economic co-operation and advancement of social welfare; the participants would work for a world free of want and fear; the participants would work for freedom of the seas; there was to be disarmament of aggressor nations, and a common disarmament after the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "United States relations Bayly, C.; Harper, T. (2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on imperial powers and imperial ambitions",
"text": "The problems came not from Germany and Japan but from those of the allies that had empires and resisted self-determination, especially the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the Netherlands."
}
] |
President Churchill and Prime Minister Roosevelt were the main participants from the United States and the United Kingdom.
| 0 | 0 |
Atlantic Charter
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory received mixed reviews from critics throughout its first season, but reception was more favorable in the second and third seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite the mixed reviews, seven seasons of the show have ranked within the top ten of the final television season ratings, ultimately reaching the no. 1 spot in its eleventh season."
}
] |
TzeYs2YIt6IgKLAOn1Iv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Canadian ratings",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory has pulled ahead and has now become the most-watched entertainment television show in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | U.S. ratings",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory started off slowly in the ratings, failing to make the top 50 in its first season (ranking 68th), and ranking 40th in its second season."
},
{
"section_header": "Offshoots | Television special",
"text": "On May 16, 2019, a television special titled Unraveling the Mystery: A Big Bang Farewell aired following the series finale of The Big Bang Theory."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | U.S. ratings",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory did not place first in syndication ratings for the 2013–14 television season, beaten out by Judge Judy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | U.S. ratings",
"text": "When the third season premiered on September 21, 2009, however, The Big Bang Theory ranked as CBS's highest-rated show of that evening in the adults"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | U.S. ratings",
"text": "By the end of the 2012–13 television season, The Big Bang Theory had dethroned Judge Judy as the ratings leader in all of syndicated programming with 7.1, Judy descending to second place for that season with a 7.0."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Canadian ratings",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory is telecast throughout Canada via the CTV Television Network in simultaneous substitution with cross-border CBS affiliates."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "On January 20, 2016, The Big Bang Theory also won the International category at the UK's National Television Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Recurring themes and elements | Vanity cards",
"text": "Like most shows created by Chuck Lorre, The Big Bang Theory ends by showing for one second a vanity card written by Lorre after the credits, followed by the Warner Bros. Television closing logo."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "first and second pilots of The Big Bang Theory were directed by James Burrows, who did not continue with the show."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory received mixed reviews from critics throughout its first season, but reception was more favorable in the second and third seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite the mixed reviews, seven seasons of the show have ranked within the top ten of the final television season ratings, ultimately reaching the no. 1 spot in its eleventh season."
}
] |
The Big Bang Theory television show had positive and negative comments from the professional viewpoint, and its viewers helped to slowly increase the ratings.
| 0 | 0 |
The Big Bang Theory
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Transformers: Dark of the Moon is a 2011 American science fiction action film directed by Michael Bay, and it is based on the Transformers toy line."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Transformers: Dark of the Moon first premiered at the Moscow International Film Festival on June 23, 2011."
}
] |
U0dgtDRaaeALqdVwIU9M
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "A Walmart exclusive edition of Transformers: Dark of the Moon also was released on September 30, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "The Blu-ray 3D release of the film was released on January 31, 2012.Transformers: Dark of the Moon was released on 4K UHD Blu-ray on December 5, 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Having been called Transformers 3 up to that point, the film's final title was revealed to be Dark of the Moon in October 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Transformers: Dark of the Moon first premiered at the Moscow International Film Festival on June 23, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Novelizations",
"text": "In May 2011, the novelization, junior novel, and graphic novel of Transformers: Dark of the Moon were released."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "The PAL DVD and Blu-ray Discs of Transformers: Dark of the Moon was released on November 28, 2011.In North America, it sold 716,218 DVD units (equivalent of $13,565,169) in its first week, topping the weekly DVD chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "It was announced in November 2010 that unlike Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, no scenes in the film were shot with IMAX 3D cameras."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Initially scheduled to be released on July 1, 2011, the release was brought forward to June 29, 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Video game",
"text": "Electronic Arts released the game Transformers: Dark of the Moon on June 28, 2011 for Nokia Symbian smartphones, Apple products iPod Touch, iPhones, and iPad and Research"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "On October 1, 2009, Bay revealed that Transformers: Dark of the Moon had already gone into pre-production, and its planned release was back to its originally intended date of July 1, 2011, rather than 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Transformers: Dark of the Moon is a 2011 American science fiction action film directed by Michael Bay, and it is based on the Transformers toy line."
}
] |
Dark of the Moon was released in 2010.
| 0 | 0 |
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year."
}
] |
U1jcnZ5rL8gql9t1DQAw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "In 1909, James revised Daisy Miller extensively for the New York Edition."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It portrays the courtship of the beautiful American girl Daisy Miller by Winterbourne, a sophisticated compatriot of hers."
},
{
"section_header": "Key themes",
"text": "The names of the characters are also symbolic."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "The novella was adapted in 2017 as a five-part radio drama on BBC Radio 4 for its 15 Minute Drama's \"Love Henry James\" series."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "Daisy Miller was an immediate and widespread popular success for James, despite some criticism that the story was \"an outrage on American girlhood\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "In the 1890s, a short walking-skirt called the rainy daisy, supposedly named for Daisy Miller, was introduced."
},
{
"section_header": "Derivative works",
"text": "A rap adaptation of Daisy Miller appears on Heavy Jamal's album Shining Sky Lobster."
},
{
"section_header": "Key themes",
"text": "At first sight, it seems that Winterbourne is genuinely torn between romantic attachment and his suffocating social milieu – and that might have made for an engaging, but not uncommon study of love versus convention; however, James' keen observation reveals something deeper than that, for even as he protests his aunt's attacks on Daisy's character (yes, she is uncultivated, he admits, but she is not the reprobate for which the entire world has decided to mistake her), he is less disappointed than relieved when a nocturnal encounter with the girl and her suitor, Giovanelli, appears to prove Mrs Costello right: \"Winterbourne stopped, with a sort of horror; and, it must be added, with a sort of relief."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Randolph considers their hometown of Schenectady, New York, to be absolutely superior to all of Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Key themes",
"text": "From their first meeting at Vevey, to the story's dramatic conclusion in Rome, Winterbourne's interest in Daisy is subject to constant censure from his carefully \"exclusive\" aunt, Mrs Costello, and her forensically respectable social circle: the girl is \"not nice\", they say; she is overly familiar with her family's courier, she has been observed in inappropriate situations with dubious young \"gentlemen\" and Winterbourne would clearly do well to distance himself, before the inevitable scandal unfolds."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daisy Miller is a novel by Henry James that first appeared in Cornhill Magazine in June–July 1878, and in book form the following year."
}
] |
Daisy Miller is the love interest for the main character in a famous work set amongst social climbing Americans who party hard in New England in the 1920s.
| 0 | 0 |
Daisy Miller
|
Geography
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is by far the largest and busiest metro in India, and second oldest after the Kolkata Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Initial construction",
"text": "Physical construction work on the Delhi Metro started on 1 October 1998."
}
] |
U2F5sw5sxhDpZPsfUshq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "The concept of a mass rapid transit for New Delhi first emerged from a traffic and travel characteristics study which was carried out in the city in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is by far the largest and busiest metro in India, and second oldest after the Kolkata Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Background",
"text": "In 1984, the Urban Arts Commission came up with a proposal for developing a multi-modal transport system, which would consist of constructing three underground mass rapid transit corridors as well augmenting the city's existing suburban railway and road transport networks."
},
{
"section_header": "Lines | Rapid Metro Gurugram",
"text": "Sekanderpur station is also an interchange station of the Yellow Line of Delhi Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Delhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving Delhi and its satellite cities of Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida, Bahadurgarh and Ballabhgarh, in the National Capital Region of India."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Initial construction",
"text": "The Delhi Metro became the second underground rapid transit system in India, after the Kolkata Metro, when the Vishwa Vidyalaya–Kashmere Gate section of the Yellow Line opened on 20 December 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction accidents",
"text": "On 12 July 2009, a section of a bridge collapsed while it was being erected at Zamrudpur, near East of Kailash, on the Central Secretariat – Badarpur corridor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An exclusive 'METRO SONG-zindagi hai Delhi metro' composed by music director Vaibhav Saxena was also released and played at metro stations and FM stations."
},
{
"section_header": "Lines | Pink Line (Line 7)",
"text": "It consists of 38 metro stations from Majlis Park to Shiv Vihar, both in North Delhi."
},
{
"section_header": "Lines | Yellow Line (Line 2)",
"text": "The Metro Museum at Patel Chowk Metro station is a collection of display panels, historical photographs and exhibits, tracing the genesis of the Delhi Metro."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Initial construction",
"text": "Physical construction work on the Delhi Metro started on 1 October 1998."
}
] |
Delhi Metro is the oldest station that was erected in for mass transit.
| 1 | 6 |
Delhi Metro
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "und seine Tiere (Doctor Dolittle and his Animals), a silent animated short in German by Lotte Reiniger 1970–1972: Doctor Dolittle animated TV series, produced at DePatie-Freleng Enterprises for 20th Century Fox TelevisionThe Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (ドリトルせんせいものがたり) (1984, U.S.-Japan coproduction, not aired in Japan until 1997) 2011: The Voyages of Young Doctor Dolittle direct-to-video animated film, starring Jane Seymour, Jason Alexander, and Tim CurryAudio: 1933–1934: NBC radio series 1995–2001: BBC audio books read by Alan BennettStages 1973: stage adaptation by the Philadelphia Boys Choir & Chorale, which was used during their concert tour to Belgium and Kenya 1998: Doctor Dolittle stage musical by Leslie Bricusse, based on the 1967 film musical 2007: stage musical adaptation by TheatreWorksUSA, written by Randy Courts and Mark St. GermainFilm: 1967: Doctor Dolittle, starring Rex Harrison 1998: Dr. Dolittle and its sequels: Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), Dr. Dolittle 3 (2006),"
}
] |
U2kEt1HEfQl2DREWeRLo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Gub's Book: An Encyclopaedia of Food (1932) Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928) Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933) Doctor Dolittle's Birthday Book (1936) Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (copyrighted 1923, but not published until 1948) There have been a number of adaptations of the Doctor Dolittle stories in other media: Animation: 1928: Doktor Dolittle"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Story of Doctor Dolittle."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "The stories, in order of publication, are: The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920) The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922) Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923) Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924) \"Doctor Dolittle Meets a Londoner in Paris\" (1925) Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925) Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926) Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927) Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928) Gub Gub's Book: An Encyclopaedia of Food (1932) Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933) Doctor Dolittle's Birthday Book (1936) Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (copyrighted 1923, but not published until 1948) Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary (1950) Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952) \"The Sea Dog\" \"Dapple\" \"The Dog Ambulance\" \"The Stunned Man\" \"The Crested Screamers\" \"The Green Breasted Martins\" \"The Story of the Maggot\" \"The Lost Boy\"Gub Gub's Book: An Encyclopaedia of Food (1932) is purportedly written by the pig."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "It appeared between Doctor Dolittle's Return and Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle begins in 1839."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "Only then follows the second book, The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922), continued by Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925)."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "The first book is followed by Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924), Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926), Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary (1950), and Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923)."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "After that, the publishing order is restored; Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927) is followed by Doctor Dolittle in the Moon (1928) and Doctor Dolittle's Return (1933), ending with Doctor Dolittle and the Secret Lake (1948).The stories, in order of internal chronology, are: The Story of Doctor Dolittle (1920)\"The Green Breasted Martins\" (follows Chapter XII in The Story of Doctor Dolittle; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924) Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926)\"The Crested Screamers\" (takes place within Part One, Chapter 12 of Doctor Dolittle's Caravan; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)) \"The Lost Boy\" (takes place within Part One, Chapter 12 of Doctor Dolittle's Caravan; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))Doctor Dolittle and the Green Canary (1950)\"Doctor Dolittle Meets a Londoner in Paris\" (1925 – uncollected)Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923) The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922) Doctor Dolittle's Zoo (1925) Doctor Dolittle's Garden (1927)\"The Sea Dog\" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)) \"Dapple\" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)) \"The Dog Ambulance\" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)) \"The Stunned Man\" (takes place at the beginning of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952)) \"The Story of the Maggot\" (given a greatly reduced summary at the conclusion to early printings of Part Two, Chapter 4 of Doctor Dolittle's Garden; collected in Doctor Dolittle's Puddleby Adventures (1952))Gub"
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "The next three, Doctor Dolittle's Post Office (1923), Doctor Dolittle's Circus (1924), and Doctor Dolittle's Caravan (1926) take place during and/or after the events of The Story of Doctor Dolittle."
},
{
"section_header": "Stories",
"text": "The sequel The Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (1922) won the prestigious Newbery Medal."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "und seine Tiere (Doctor Dolittle and his Animals), a silent animated short in German by Lotte Reiniger 1970–1972: Doctor Dolittle animated TV series, produced at DePatie-Freleng Enterprises for 20th Century Fox TelevisionThe Voyages of Doctor Dolittle (ドリトルせんせいものがたり) (1984, U.S.-Japan coproduction, not aired in Japan until 1997) 2011: The Voyages of Young Doctor Dolittle direct-to-video animated film, starring Jane Seymour, Jason Alexander, and Tim CurryAudio: 1933–1934: NBC radio series 1995–2001: BBC audio books read by Alan BennettStages 1973: stage adaptation by the Philadelphia Boys Choir & Chorale, which was used during their concert tour to Belgium and Kenya 1998: Doctor Dolittle stage musical by Leslie Bricusse, based on the 1967 film musical 2007: stage musical adaptation by TheatreWorksUSA, written by Randy Courts and Mark St. GermainFilm: 1967: Doctor Dolittle, starring Rex Harrison 1998: Dr. Dolittle and its sequels: Dr. Dolittle 2 (2001), Dr. Dolittle 3 (2006),"
}
] |
Doctor Dolittle was a television show for awhile.
| 0 | 0 |
Doctor Dolittle
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Fast food",
"text": "In addition to the traditional food, fast food is also very famous across the country."
}
] |
U2ohPy5YHqU7UfuskqBl
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Unlike Middle Eastern cuisine, Pakistani cooking uses large quantities of spices, herbs, and seasoning."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Fast food",
"text": "In addition to the traditional food, fast food is also very famous across the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Most of those dishes have their roots in British, Indian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern cuisine."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Fast food",
"text": "In big cities, there is a presence of outlets of many International Fast Food Restaurants that includes KFC, McDonald's, Pizza Hut, Subway, Domino's, Burger King, Hardee's, Papa John's Pizza, Dunkin' Donuts, Baskin-Robbins and Taco Bell etc."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Garlic, ginger, turmeric, red chili, and garam masala are used in most dishes, and home cooking regularly includes curry, roti, a thin flatbread made from wheat, is a staple food, usually served with curry, meat, vegetables, and lentils."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Pakistani cuisine is similar to that of other regions of South Asia, with some of it being originated from the royal kitchens of 16th-century Mughal emperors."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Lassi is a traditional drink in the Punjab region."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion | Islam",
"text": "Sufism, a mystical Islamic tradition, has a long history and a large following among the Sunni Muslims in Pakistan, at both the academic and popular levels."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society | Food and drink | Traditional food",
"text": "Black tea with milk and sugar is popular throughout Pakistan and is consumed daily by most of the population."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture and society",
"text": "Civil society in Pakistan is largely hierarchical, emphasising local cultural etiquette and traditional Islamic values that govern personal and political life."
}
] |
Fast food cuisine is not very desired in large cities of Pakistan as they prefer traditional Middle eastern cooking.
| 3 | 6 |
Pakistan
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Yankee Doodle Dandy was adapted as a radio play on the October 19, 1942 broadcast of The Screen Guild Theater, starring James Cagney with Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable."
}
] |
U3QX3Rl4cXRaRaOmu2K3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "In Yankee Doodle Dandy, Eddie Foy, Jr. played the role of his own father."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and honors",
"text": "The Yankee Doodle Boy 2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes: \"My mother thanks you."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1993, Yankee Doodle Dandy was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\", and in 1998, the movie was ranked #100 on the 100 Years...100 Movies list, by the American Film Institute."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "This made it the biggest box-office success in the company's history up to that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yankee Doodle Dandy is a 1942 American biographical musical film about George M. Cohan, known as \"The Man Who Owned Broadway\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1993, Yankee Doodle Dandy was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Yankee Doodle Dandy was adapted as a radio play on the October 19, 1942 broadcast of The Screen Guild Theater, starring James Cagney with Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical numbers",
"text": "\"The Yankee Doodle Boy\" (reprise) – Played by Orchestra behind end credits."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and production",
"text": "Because of Cohan's failing health, Warner Brothers moved up the scheduled gala premiere from July 4 to May 29; the original date had been chosen because of the film's patriotic theme and because Cohan really had been born on the Fourth of July, as he wrote in the lyrics of his \"Yankee Doodle Dandy."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "James Cagney reprised the role of George M. Cohan in the movie The Seven Little Foys (1955), but only on the condition that he receive no money: He did the film as a tribute to Eddie Foy."
}
] |
There was an audio-only version of Yankee Doodle Dandy made after the successful movie, though it used an altered cast.
| 0 | 0 |
Yankee Doodle Dandy
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He received his nickname as a child in Somerville, Massachusetts, because he frequented a grocery store and often asked for pie."
}
] |
U3T6Vv3ge50aPoEf3ya2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The store owner called him \"Pie Face\", which was later shortened to Pie by his friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career",
"text": "The loss of the pennant devastated Traynor."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement and legacy",
"text": "Traynor retired from broadcasting in 1965."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement and legacy",
"text": "Traynor was buried in Homewood Cemetery in Pittsburgh."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Stallings ran Traynor off the field, telling him not to return."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Traynor was born in Framingham, Massachusetts, to parents who had emigrated from Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Traynor played his final game on August 14, 1937."
},
{
"section_header": "Career statistics",
"text": "Traynor is the only MLB player to steal home plate in an All-Star Game."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career",
"text": "Traynor became the Pirates' player-manager during the 1934 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Traynor ended the season eighth in Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award balloting."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He received his nickname as a child in Somerville, Massachusetts, because he frequented a grocery store and often asked for pie."
}
] |
Traynor was called "Pie" because he always baked pies for friends.
| 3 | 7 |
Pie Traynor
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Instead, Alexandre Desplat was hired to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Composer Nicholas Hooper, who scored Order of the Phoenix and Half-Blood Prince, did not return for Deathly Hallows."
}
] |
U3V5jVIUKZwxC4dueBEg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Sets",
"text": "He said, \"We made a very different kind of film, which was shot a great deal on location."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "The film also featured the song \"O Children\" by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It is the second film in the Harry Potter film series to be nominated for a Visual Effects Oscar (the previous one being Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban)."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Michael Gambon as Albus Dumbledore, former headmaster of Hogwarts killed by Severus Snape in the previous film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Sets",
"text": "Stuart Craig, set designer for all of the previous Harry Potter films, returned for the final two parts."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The film was long-listed for eight different categories, including Best Cinematography, Production Design, and Original Score, at the 64th BAFTA awards, and ultimately was nominated for Best Special Visual Effects and Make-up."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Visual effects",
"text": "The visual-effects company Framestore produced most of the creature CGI, as in previous films, as well as the animated Tale of the Three Brothers sequence, which was directed and designed by Ben Hibon."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Scott Bowles of USA Today called it, \"Menacing and meditative, Hallows is arguably the best instalment of the planned eight-film franchise, though audiences who haven't kept up with previous chapters will be hopelessly lost\", while Lisa Schwarzbaum of Entertainment Weekly likewise praised the film as \"the most cinematically rewarding chapter yet."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Composer Nicholas Hooper, who scored Order of the Phoenix and Half-Blood Prince, did not return for Deathly Hallows."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Instead, Alexandre Desplat was hired to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1."
}
] |
The film featured a different composer from previous films.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered one of the greatest offensive and defensive center fielders in the history of Major League Baseball (MLB), he compiled a career batting average of .345 (sixth all-time)."
}
] |
U3sGGBaBn78NTsv9Lcxa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tristram Edgar Speaker (April 4, 1888 – December 8, 1958), nicknamed \"The Gray Eagle\", was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "In 1910 the Red Sox signed left fielder Duffy Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "As a youth, Speaker broke his arm after he fell from a horse; the injury forced him to become left-handed."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Speaker became the regular starting center fielder for Boston in 1909 and light-hitting Denny Sullivan was sold to the Cleveland Naps."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He became the regular center fielder by 1909 and led the Red Sox to World Series championships in 1912 and 1915."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Stint as player-manager",
"text": "During that championship season, Speaker is credited with introducing the platoon system, which attempted to match right-handed batters against left-handed pitchers and vice versa."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered one of the greatest offensive and defensive center fielders in the history of Major League Baseball (MLB), he compiled a career batting average of .345 (sixth all-time)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Stint as player-manager",
"text": "Sportswriter John B. Sheridan was among the critics of the system, saying, \"The specialist in baseball is no good and won't go very far... The whole effect of the system will be to make the players affected half men... It is farewell, a long farewell to all that player's chance of greatness... It destroys young ball players by destroying their most precious quality – confidence in their ability to hit any pitcher, left or right, alive, dead, or waiting to be born.\" Baseball Magazine was supportive, pointing out that Speaker had results that backed up his system."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Speaker was born on April 4, 1888, in Hubbard, Texas, to Archie and Nancy Poer Speaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Speaker was the star of the Million-Dollar Outfield."
}
] |
Tristram Edgar Speaker was a left fielder.
| 0 | 0 |
Tris Speaker
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Quantum mechanical",
"text": "For example, in momentum space the momentum operator is represented as p"
}
] |
U3sGVcz41JlzR7jlmsh3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Generalized",
"text": "They introduce a generalized momentum, also known as the canonical or conjugate momentum, that extends the concepts of both linear momentum and angular momentum."
},
{
"section_header": "Quantum mechanical",
"text": "For example, in momentum space the momentum operator is represented as p"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Newtonian mechanics, linear momentum, translational momentum, or simply momentum (pl. momenta) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object."
},
{
"section_header": "Electromagnetic | Conservation | Vacuum",
"text": "If momentum is to be conserved over the volume V over a region Q, changes in the momentum of matter through the Lorentz force must be balanced by changes in the momentum of the electromagnetic field and outflow of momentum."
},
{
"section_header": "Newtonian | Application to collisions | Inelastic collisions",
"text": "Rockets also make use of conservation of momentum: propellant is thrust outward, gaining momentum, and an equal and opposite momentum is imparted to the rocket."
},
{
"section_header": "In deformable bodies and fluids | Conservation in a continuum",
"text": "The local conservation of momentum is expressed by the Cauchy momentum equation: ρ D"
},
{
"section_header": "Generalized | Lagrangian mechanics",
"text": "This is the generalization of the conservation of momentum."
},
{
"section_header": "Electromagnetic | Conservation | Vacuum",
"text": "i of the momentum is d d"
},
{
"section_header": "In deformable bodies and fluids | Acoustic waves",
"text": "It is possible for momentum flux to occur even though the wave itself does not have a mean momentum."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In these systems the conserved quantity is generalized momentum, and in general this is different from the kinetic momentum defined above."
}
] |
Momentum is usually denoted by "p."
| 0 | 2 |
Momentum
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Family roots",
"text": "Louis David Brandeis (later: Louis Dembitz Brandeis — see below) was born on November 13, 1856, in Louisville, Kentucky, the youngest of four children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brandeis settled in Boston, where he founded a law firm (that is still in practice today as Nutter McClennen & Fish) and became a recognized lawyer through his work on progressive social causes."
}
] |
U417Fs9KY8IY5BuaCdFI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, to Jewish immigrant parents from Bohemia (now in the Czech Republic), who raised him in a secular home."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Family roots",
"text": "Louis David Brandeis (later: Louis Dembitz Brandeis — see below) was born on November 13, 1856, in Louisville, Kentucky, the youngest of four children."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and marriage",
"text": "The newlywed couple moved into a modest home in Boston's Beacon Hill district and had two daughters, Susan Brandeis Gilbert, born in 1893, and Elizabeth Brandeis Rauschenbush, born in 1896.Alice supported her husband's resolve to devote most of his time to public causes."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Family life",
"text": "Having been raised partly on German culture, Louis read and appreciated the writings of Goethe and Schiller, and his favorite composers were Beethoven and Schumann."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career in law | First law firm: Warren and Brandeis",
"text": "The new firm was eventually successful, having gained new clients from within the state and in several neighboring states, as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Family life",
"text": "His parents raised their children to be \"high-minded idealists\" rather than depending solely on religion for their purpose and inspiration."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "The remains of both Justice Brandeis and his wife are interred beneath the portico of the Brandeis School of Law of the University of Louisville, in Louisville, Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career in law | First law firm: Warren and Brandeis",
"text": "Their former professors referred a number of clients to the firm, garnering Brandeis more financial security and eventually the freedom to take an active role in progressive causes."
},
{
"section_header": "Public advocate",
"text": "The great name, the glory of Boston, is in our keeping."
},
{
"section_header": "Namesake institutions",
"text": "The University of Louisville's Louis D. Brandeis School of Law."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brandeis settled in Boston, where he founded a law firm (that is still in practice today as Nutter McClennen & Fish) and became a recognized lawyer through his work on progressive social causes."
}
] |
Louis was born and raised in Kentucky but moved to Boston eventually.
| 0 | 0 |
Louis Brandeis
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mourning Becomes Electra is a play cycle written by American playwright Eugene O'Neill."
}
] |
U4C5jfMDfnX42q1Tptm7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "Thus, Mourning Becomes Electra is extraordinarily lengthy."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "His wife Doctor Joseph Blake – a family physician"
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "There are literary readings that classify Mourning Becomes Electra in the naturalism movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mourning Becomes Electra is a play cycle written by American playwright Eugene O'Neill."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "Mourning Becomes Electra is divided into three plays with themes that correspond to the Oresteia trilogy."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "Electra becomes Lavinia, Aegisthus becomes Adam Brant, etc."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "Clytemnestra becomes Christine, Orestes becomes Orin,"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "For example, Agamemnon from the Oresteia becomes General Ezra Mannon."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters and background",
"text": "Christine Mannon, his wife Lavinia Mannon – their daughter"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Act III One week later, Lavinia stands stiffly at the top of the front stairs with Christine."
}
] |
Mourning Becomes Electra was a movie by Emma Ames and Christine Mannon that is based on the book by Joseph Blake.
| 0 | 1 |
Mourning Becomes Electra
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope bridge in Peru, and the events that lead up to their being on the bridge."
}
] |
U4KqXgzi9vnhyodXTXis
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence | Influences",
"text": "David Mitchell's novels Ghostwritten and Cloud Atlas, echo the story in many ways, most explicitly through the character Luisa Rey."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Four: Uncle Pio; Don Jaime",
"text": "After many years of success, the Perichole becomes bored with the stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and sources",
"text": "However, the central idea of the work, the justification for a number of human lives that comes up as a result of the sudden collapse of a bridge, stems from friendly arguments with my father, a strict Calvinist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A friar who witnesses the accident then goes about inquiring into the lives of the victims, seeking some sort of cosmic answer to the question of why each had to die."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It tells the story of several interrelated people who die in the collapse of an Inca rope bridge in Peru, and the events that lead up to their being on the bridge."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part Five: Perhaps an Intention",
"text": "At the Convent of Santa María Rosa de las Rosas, the Abbess feels, having lost Pepita and the twin brothers, that her work to help the poor and infirm will die with her."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence | Influences",
"text": "The novel is mentioned in passing by a character in Joe Hill's 2016 novel The Fireman."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence | Influences",
"text": "Qui non riposano, a 1945 novel by Indro Montanelli, takes inspiration from the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and influence",
"text": "Time magazine included the novel in its TIME 100 Best English-language Novels from 1923 to 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and sources",
"text": "But in my novel I have left this question unanswered."
}
] |
This novel is sad and in it many humans die from the same cause.
| 0 | 0 |
The Bridge of San Luis Rey
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is based partially on the life of Moll King, a London criminal whom Defoe met while visiting Newgate Prison."
}
] |
U5AAXBaXDx7pSgboGNKM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Defoe's Whig views are nevertheless evident in the story of Moll, and the novel's full title gives some insight into this and the outline of the plot:It is usually assumed that the novel was written by Daniel Defoe, and his name is commonly given as the author in modern printings of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The ruse is successful and she marries a supposedly rich man who claims to own property in Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After her husband/brother dies, Moll tells her (Lancashire) husband the entire story"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Moll Flanders is a novel by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1722."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, or theatrical adaptations",
"text": "This adaptation shares only the title character, as most elements of the original novel are missing."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, TV, or theatrical adaptations",
"text": "This film is one of the closest adaptations to the novel, though it ends when she is still a relatively young woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is based partially on the life of Moll King, a London criminal whom Defoe met while visiting Newgate Prison."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages, relationships, and children",
"text": "The following maps out Moll's relationships and marriages in the order that they appeared in the novel as well as any children that might have been born as a result of their union."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Works of criticism",
"text": "Watt, Ian The Rise of the Novel: Studies in Defoe, Richardson and Fielding (London: Pimlico, 2000) ISBN 978-0712664271."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriages, relationships, and children",
"text": "The lack of character names and Defoe's inability to keep clear distinctions between his many, nameless characters give the reader the difficult task of keeping track of not just characters as a whole, but specifically Moll's marriages, relationships, and children, which make up a majority of her life's story."
}
] |
The novel is supposedly a recounting of the story of a malefactor.
| 0 | 0 |
Moll Flanders
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 2,130 consecutive games",
"text": "During the streak sportswriters in 1931 nicknamed Gehrig \"the Iron Horse\"."
}
] |
U5CNKHfLhBdEKknUfkkf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 2,130 consecutive games",
"text": "During the streak sportswriters in 1931 nicknamed Gehrig \"the Iron Horse\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gehrig was renowned for his prowess as a hitter and for his durability, which earned him his nickname \"The Iron Horse."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis",
"text": "Her call was transferred to Charles William Mayo, who had been following Gehrig's career and his mysterious loss of strength."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis",
"text": "As Gehrig's debilitation became steadily worse, his wife Eleanor called the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | Retirement",
"text": "New York Mayor Fiorello La Guardia called Gehrig \"the greatest prototype of good sportsmanship and citizenship\" and"
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Diagnosis | \"The luckiest man on the face of the earth\"",
"text": "On July 4, 1939, Gehrig delivered what has been called \"baseball's Gettysburg Address\" to a sold-out crowd at Yankee Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939) | 1927",
"text": "the famed \"Murderers' Row\". Ruth's celebrity was so great that Gehrig's ghostwritten syndicated newspaper column that year was called \"Following the Babe\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Yankees (1923–1939)",
"text": "so he played first base, often the position for a strong hitter but weaker fielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Later, in 1923, he played first base and pitched for the Columbia baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Memorial plaques",
"text": "As of December 26, 2011, the first-mentioned plaque is not present due to ongoing construction."
}
] |
Lou Gehrig was first called "The Iron Horse."
| 0 | 5 |
Lou Gehrig
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and served as the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1864."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | National politics",
"text": "Pendleton ran as an antiwar Democrat in the 1864 presidential elections for Vice President, together with George McClellan."
}
] |
U5IL4ApQshntN0JNXHls
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | National politics",
"text": "Their opponents were Lincoln (President) and Andrew Johnson (nominee for Vice President)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He represented Ohio in both houses of Congress and served as the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States in 1864."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | National politics",
"text": "Pendleton ran as an antiwar Democrat in the 1864 presidential elections for Vice President, together with George McClellan."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Out of office",
"text": "Pendleton stepped away from politics, and in 1869, he became president of the Kentucky Central Railroad."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After the assassination of President James A. Garfield, he wrote and helped pass the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Out of office",
"text": "\" The following year, he was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Ohio and again lost, this time to Rutherford B. Hayes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "President Grover Cleveland appointed him as the ambassador to the German Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Out of office",
"text": "He led for the first 15 ballots and was nearly the nominee, but his support disappeared and he lost to Horatio Seymour, primarily for his support of the \"Ohio idea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as the president of the Kentucky Central Railroad before returning to Congress."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Later life",
"text": "Instead, President Grover Cleveland appointed him Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Germany the year that he left office, which he served until April 1889."
}
] |
Pendleton was once a nominee for Vice President.
| 0 | 0 |
George H. Pendleton
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s."
}
] |
U5nLJnyGVhEyVjzKUwIf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Power vacuum and the Seabury Commission (1925–1932)",
"text": "This bright period of influence for Tammany Hall was short-lived."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Indian Summer, 1950s",
"text": "During DeSapio's reign, Costello was the main person who influenced the decisions made by Tammany Hall officials."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Power vacuum and the Seabury Commission (1925–1932)",
"text": "Police received protection money from shopkeepers, rackets surrounded the fish and poultry markets, as well as the docks, and licensing fees for various professions were increased with Tammany Hall middlemen reaping the benefits."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Immigrant support",
"text": "However, after protests by Irish militants in 1817, and the invasion of several of their offices, Tammany Hall realized the potential influence Irish immigrants would have in the city."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1870–1900 | Fassett Committee",
"text": "This first committee featured testimony from Croker's brother-in-law, revealing gifts of cash surrounding his hotel business."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Power vacuum and the Seabury Commission (1925–1932)",
"text": "Other questioning focused on the combined police, court, and bail bonding scheme surrounding the improper arrest of prostitutes and innocent women."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Machine politics versus the reformers",
"text": "Most of the time they looked to Albany and Washington for their sphere of influence."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1789–1840",
"text": "Tammany Hall soon realized its influence over the local political scene was no match for that of Clinton, in part because Burr's support among New York City's residents greatly faded after he shot and killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel."
},
{
"section_header": "Headquarters | 14th Street headquarters",
"text": "By the 1860s, Tammany under Tweed had much greater influence – and affluence, so new headquarters was deemed desirable."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century | Indian Summer, 1950s",
"text": "The once mighty Tammany political machine, now deprived of its leadership, quickly faded from political importance, and by 1967 it ceased to exist; its demise as the controlling group of the New York Democratic Party was sealed when the Village Independent Democrats under Ed Koch wrested away control of the Manhattan party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s."
}
] |
Tammany Hall exerted its influence in Boston and its surrounding villages.
| 1 | 2 |
Tammany Hall
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "It is now the world's largest producer of cashew nuts, with a one-third global share; the largest producer of black pepper, accounting for one-third of the world's market; and the second-largest rice exporter in the world after Thailand since the 1990s."
}
] |
U5ubssyG51Ndlyo2X9pj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Dynastic Vietnam",
"text": "From the 16th century onward, civil strife and frequent political infighting engulfed much of Vietnam."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "Most of the clean water supply infrastructure is not widely developed."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "Based on a 2008 survey by the Vietnam Water Supply and Sewerage Association (VWSA), existing water production capacity exceeded demand, but service coverage is still sparse."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "There is also concern over the safety of existing water resources for urban and rural water supply systems."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In 2010, Vietnam was ranked as the eighth-largest crude petroleum producer in the Asia and Pacific region."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The soil in much of the southern part of Vietnam is relatively low in nutrients as a result of intense cultivation."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "Most of the country's urban water supply systems have been developed without proper management within the last 10 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "It is only available to a small proportion of the population with about one third of 727 district towns having some form of piped water supply."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Water supply and sanitation",
"text": "Inspections are to be conducted without notice since there have been many cases involving health issues caused by poor or polluted water supplies as well unhygienic conditions reported every year."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Health",
"text": "The actual number of HIV-positive individuals is estimated to be much higher."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Agriculture",
"text": "It is now the world's largest producer of cashew nuts, with a one-third global share; the largest producer of black pepper, accounting for one-third of the world's market; and the second-largest rice exporter in the world after Thailand since the 1990s."
}
] |
Vietnam produces much of the earth's supply of peppercorn.
| 0 | 0 |
Vietnam
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The longest-serving manager in Major League Baseball history"
}
] |
U5vrLRnP4a911Dwl2itx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personality",
"text": "However, he did not want to cross the dictatorial commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis who represented the majority of MLB owners that opposed integrated baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "They lost the 1905 World Series to the New York Giants (four games to one, all shutouts, with Christy Mathewson hurling three shutouts for a record 27 scoreless innings in one World Series)."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "That team won the pennant in 1929, 1930 and 1931, beating the Chicago Cubs in the 1929 World Series (when they came from 8–0 behind in Game 4, plating a Series record ten runs in the seventh inning and winning the game, 10–8, and then from two runs down in the bottom of the ninth in Game 5 for a walk-off Series win) and easily defeating the St. Louis Cardinals in 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Owner",
"text": "Officially, it was announced that he died of \"old age and complications from his hip surgery\" Mack's funeral was held in his parish church, St. Bridget's, and he was buried in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Cheltenham Township just outside Philadelphia, with baseball Commissioner Ford Frick, the AL and NL presidents, and all 16 MLB owners serving as pallbearers."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "James summed up Mack's managerial approach as follows: he favored a set lineup, did not generally platoon hitters; preferred young players to veterans and power hitters to those with high batting averages; did not often pinch-hit, use his bench players or sacrifice much (even so, the A's led the league in sacrifice bunts in 1909, 1911 and 1914); believed in \"big-inning\" offense rather than small ball; and very rarely issued an intentional walk."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "Mack was widely praised in the newspapers for his intelligent and innovative managing, which earned him the nickname \"the Tall Tactician\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "In 1901 Mack became manager, treasurer and part owner of the new American League's Philadelphia Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "During that season, Giants manager John McGraw said that Mack had \"a big white elephant on his hands\" with the Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Managing | Managerial career",
"text": "\" Shortstop Eddie Joost said \"He wasn't senile, but there were lapses.\" Despite growing speculation he would step down, Mack brushed it all off and stated simply that he would keep managing as long as he was physically able to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Owner",
"text": "When Mack resigned as manager, he largely withdrew from active control of the team."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The longest-serving manager in Major League Baseball history"
}
] |
Mack was the longest-serving manager in MLB.
| 0 | 1 |
Connie Mack
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The text centers on Billy's capture by the German Army and his survival of the Allied firebombing of Dresden as a prisoner of war, an experience which Vonnegut himself lived through as an American serviceman."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Germans hold Billy and his fellow prisoners in an empty slaughterhouse called Schlachthof-fünf (\"slaughterhouse five\")."
}
] |
U67TQXizSnrof8RutcYt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ": A Duty-Dance with Death is a science fiction-infused anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut, first published in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "He and fellow prisoners-of-war survived the bombing while being held in a deep cellar of Schlachthof Fünf (\"Slaughterhouse-Five\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Billy and Rosewater find the Trout novels helpful in dealing with the trauma of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The text centers on Billy's capture by the German Army and his survival of the Allied firebombing of Dresden as a prisoner of war, an experience which Vonnegut himself lived through as an American serviceman."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "During World War II, he was held as a prisoner-of-war in Dresden and survived the firebombing, experiences which had a lasting effect on his post-war life."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The Germans hold Billy and his fellow prisoners in an empty slaughterhouse called Schlachthof-fünf (\"slaughterhouse five\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Censorship controversy",
"text": "The Kurt Vonnegut Memorial Library countered by offering 150 free copies of the novel to Republic High School students on a first-come, first-served basis."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Narrator: Recurring as a minor character, the narrator seems anonymous while also clearly identifying himself as Kurt Vonnegut, when he says, \"That was I."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The author later appears as a sick fellow prisoner in Billy Pilgrim's World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions and references | Allusions to other works",
"text": "Fictional novelist Kilgore Trout, often an important character in other Vonnegut novels, is a social commentator and a friend to Billy Pilgrim in Slaughterhouse-Five."
}
] |
Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut is a 1969 novel is about a prisoner of war being help in a slaughterhouse.
| 0 | 0 |
Slaughterhouse Five
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played his entire career in Major League Baseball as a catcher for the Cincinnati Reds from 1967 through 1983."
}
] |
U6I86ix443OuDrBAFVIc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Johnny filed for divorce in 2000 on grounds of marital infidelity."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career statistics",
"text": "Having huge hands (a famous photograph features him holding seven baseballs in his right hand), Bench also tended to block breaking balls in the dirt by scooping them with one hand instead of the more common and fundamentally proper way: dropping to both knees and blocking the ball using the chest protector to keep the ball in front."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and post-career activities",
"text": "The larger-than-life bronze statue by Tom Tsuchiya, shows Bench in the act of throwing out a base runner."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | 1960s",
"text": "Maloney nevertheless insisted on repeatedly \"shaking off\" his younger catcher by throwing fastballs instead of the breaking balls that Bench had called for."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and post-career activities",
"text": "Bench has also broadcast games on television and radio, and is an avid golfer, having played in several Champions Tour tournaments."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played his entire career in Major League Baseball as a catcher for the Cincinnati Reds from 1967 through 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and post-career activities",
"text": "In 1989, he became the first individual baseball player to appear on a Wheaties box, a cereal he ate as a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and post-career activities",
"text": "For a time in the 1980s Bench was a commercial spokesman for Krylon paint, featuring a memorable catchphrase: \"I'm Johnny Bench, and this is Johnny Bench's bench."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and post-career activities",
"text": "In a September 2008 interview with Heidi Watney of the New England Sports Network, Johnny Bench, who was watching a Cleveland Indians/Boston Red Sox game at Fenway Park, did an impression of late Chicago Cubs announcer Harry Caray after Red Sox third baseman Kevin Youkilis, a native of Cincinnati, made a tough play."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career statistics",
"text": "The mitt allowed Bench to tuck his throwing arm safely to the side when receiving the pitch."
}
] |
Johnny Bench made an entire career out of squatting on the ground and having grown men throw balls at him.
| 0 | 0 |
Johnny Bench
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water."
}
] |
U6Maq5XWyUpktETs9Vwd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Motion | Ogives",
"text": "They are linked to seasonal motion of glaciers; the width of one dark and one light band generally equals the annual movement of the glacier."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glaciers form only on land and are distinct from the much thinner sea ice and lake ice that form on the surface of bodies of water."
},
{
"section_header": "Motion | Speed",
"text": "In glaciated areas where the glacier moves faster than one km per year, glacial earthquakes occur."
},
{
"section_header": "Glacial geology | Drumlins",
"text": "One of these fields is found east of Rochester, New York; it is estimated to contain about 10,000 drumlins."
},
{
"section_header": "Glacial geology",
"text": "Permeability and water pressure at the glacier"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glaciers cover about 10% of Earth's land surface."
},
{
"section_header": "Glacial geology",
"text": "Relative ease of erosion of the surface under the glacier"
},
{
"section_header": "Types | Classification by thermal state",
"text": "The ice of a polar glacier is always below the freezing point from the surface to its base, although the surface snow pack may experience seasonal melting."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Glaciers are broken into zones based on surface snowpack and melt conditions."
},
{
"section_header": "Types | Classification by size, shape and behavior",
"text": "Only nunataks protrude from their surfaces."
}
] |
A glacier only manifests on a surface of water.
| 0 | 0 |
Glacier
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the \"Five Civilized Tribes\", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers."
}
] |
U6TzZftA39vGugdOObds
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Slavery among the Cherokee",
"text": "The raiders took as captive Clarinda Allington, a white adolescent girl, and she was adopted into a Cherokee family and assimilated."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Civil War",
"text": "The American Civil War was devastating for both East and Western Cherokee."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Reconstruction and late 19th century",
"text": "The US government also acquired easement rights to the western part of the territory, which became the Oklahoma Territory, for the construction of railroads."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Marriage",
"text": "Such \"Intermarried Whites\" were listed in a separate category on the registers of the Dawes Rolls, prepared for allotment of plots of land to individual households of members of the tribe, in the early twentieth-century federal policy for assimilation of the Native Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Removal era | Trail of Tears",
"text": "In 1839, as President of the Western Cherokee, Sequoyah signed an Act of Union with John Ross that reunited the two groups of the Cherokee Nation."
},
{
"section_header": "Early cultures",
"text": "De Soto's expedition visited villages in present-day western Georgia and eastern Tennessee, recording them as ruled by the Coosa chiefdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Cultural institutions",
"text": "In 2007, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians entered into a partnership with Southwestern Community College and Western Carolina University to create the Oconaluftee Institute for Cultural Arts (OICA), to emphasize native art and culture in traditional fine arts education, thus preserving traditional art forms and encouraging exploration of contemporary ideas."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Removal era",
"text": "In 1802, the federal government promised to extinguish Indian titles to lands claimed by Georgia in return for Georgia's cession of the western lands that became Alabama and Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "Early cultures",
"text": "The American writer John Howard Payne wrote about pre-19th-century Cherokee culture and society."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Reconstruction and late 19th century",
"text": "By the late 19th century, the Eastern Band of Cherokee were laboring under the constraints of a segregated society."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the \"Five Civilized Tribes\", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers."
}
] |
The Cherokee assimilated to western culture since the 19th century.
| 0 | 3 |
Cherokee
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined)."
}
] |
U6ZkodzjQWUqh3IoLnum
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "Arrowsmith was awarded the 1926 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, but Lewis declined the award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Arrowsmith is a novel by American author Sinclair Lewis, first published in 1925."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, radio and television adaptations",
"text": "It was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Adapted Screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It won the 1926 Pulitzer Prize (which Lewis declined)."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "In a letter to the committee, he wrote: I wish to acknowledge your choice of my novel Arrowsmith for the Pulitzer Prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "And the Pulitzer Prize for Novels is peculiarly objectionable because the terms of it have been constantly and grievously misrepresented."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "All prizes, like all titles, are dangerous."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "That prize I must refuse, and my refusal would be meaningless unless I explained the reasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "The New York Times reported that according to observers, the real reason was that Lewis was still upset that Main Street did not win the prize in 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Pulitzer Prize",
"text": "The seekers for prizes tend to labor not for inherent excellence but for alien rewards; they tend to write this, or timorously to avoid writing that, in order to tickle the prejudices of a haphazard committee."
}
] |
The author for the book Arrowsmith was awarded but declined the 1925 Pulitzer Prize award.
| 0 | 0 |
Arrowsmith (novel)
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hackman decided that he wanted to become an actor when he was ten years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hackman was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of Eugene Ezra Hackman and Anna Lyda Elizabeth (née Gray)."
}
] |
U6pasC3lzBRARQTtgbIt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His family moved frequently, finally settling in Danville, Illinois, where they lived in the house of his English-born maternal grandmother, Beatrice."
},
{
"section_header": "Works or publications",
"text": "Hackman, Gene, and Daniel Lenihan."
},
{
"section_header": "Works or publications",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-312-36373-4. Hackman, Gene."
},
{
"section_header": "Works or publications",
"text": "ISBN 978-1-451-62356-7. Hackman, Gene."
},
{
"section_header": "Works or publications",
"text": "ISBN 978-1-557-04398-6. Hackman, Gene, and Daniel Lenihan."
},
{
"section_header": "Works or publications",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-312-32425-4. Hackman, Gene, and Daniel Lenihan."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hackman's first marriage was to Faye Maltese."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "His parents divorced in 1943 and his father subsequently left the family."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "He has one brother, Richard. He has Pennsylvania Dutch (German), English, and Scottish ancestry; his mother was Canadian, and was born in Lambton, Ontario."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hackman's father operated the printing press for the Commercial-News, a local paper."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hackman decided that he wanted to become an actor when he was ten years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hackman was born in San Bernardino, California, the son of Eugene Ezra Hackman and Anna Lyda Elizabeth (née Gray)."
}
] |
Gene Hackman's family moved from Pennsylvania when he was eight to help him find work as an actor.
| 2 | 6 |
Gene Hackman
|
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