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Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Juan Antonio Marichal Sánchez (born October 20, 1937) (nicknamed The Dominican Dandy) is a Dominican former professional baseball player."
}
] |
SOXAtOrjvMjHuhcxqp8A
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | 1970–1975",
"text": "After the 1973 season, the Giants sold Marichal to the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Marichal also played for the Boston Red Sox and Los Angeles Dodgers for the final two seasons of his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Juan Antonio Marichal Sánchez (born October 20, 1937) (nicknamed The Dominican Dandy) is a Dominican former professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "From the age of six, Marichal aspired to become a professional baseball player, but his mother discouraged this, instead urging him to get an education."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Roseboro incident",
"text": "The Giants were in a tight pennant race with the Dodgers (as well as the Pirates, Reds, and Braves) and the race was decided with only two games to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the time, there were no players from the Dominican Republic in Major League Baseball, and his goal was viewed to be unrealistic."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 1999, he ranked #71 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 2015 the Estadio Quisqueya in his home country was renamed Quisqueya stadium Juan Marichal after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball, most notably for the San Francisco Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Roseboro incident",
"text": "Ironically, the Giants went on a 14-game win streak that started during Marichal's absence and by then it was a two-team race as the Pirates, Reds, and Braves fell further behind."
}
] |
Juan Marichal is a Cuban baseball player that played for the Giants and the Red Sox.
| 1 | 6 |
Juan Marichal
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Heilmann died from lung cancer in July 1951; he was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame six months later in January 1952 after garnering 86.75% of the votes."
}
] |
SPS3bchD4gYj1j3jUUwF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Heilmann's older brother, Walter, was a gifted athlete who attended Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory (then \"Sacred Heart College\") in San Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Detroit Tigers | 1925 season",
"text": "Going into the final day of the season, Heilmann trailed Speaker and needed a strong performance to pass him."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He graduated from Sacred Heart in 1912 at age 17 with a collegiate certificate."
},
{
"section_header": "Radio career",
"text": "He was honored between games of a double-header and presented with a solid gold pass for all games played at Briggs Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "After graduating from Sacred Heart, Heilmann worked as a bookkeeper for the Mutual Biscuit Company."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Heilmann followed his older brother to what is now Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory, where he played football, track and field, and basketball, but not baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Detroit Tigers | 1914 to 1920 seasons",
"text": "He continued to improve at the plate in 1917, once again ranking among the American League leaders with 85 RBIs (fourth), five home runs (seventh) and 11 triples (eighth); but he was called \"Slug\" due to his notoriously slow running and difficulties in the field."
},
{
"section_header": "Career accomplishments and legacy",
"text": "Heilmann's notable accomplishments include the following: Heilmann's .342 batting average ranks 12th in major league history."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Detroit Tigers | 1921 season",
"text": "Others attributed Heilmann's improvement to the \"live-ball era\" that started in 1920 and forced outfielders to spread out and play deeper, allowing more of Heilmann's line drives to fall into the wider gaps."
},
{
"section_header": "Radio career",
"text": "Baseball historian Marc Okkonen grew up listening to Heilmann's broadcasts and later recalled Heilmann's tendency to drop the letter \"r\" from the end of words, referring to Hal Newhouser as \"Newhousa\" and Bob Feller as \"Fellah\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Heilmann died from lung cancer in July 1951; he was posthumously elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame six months later in January 1952 after garnering 86.75% of the votes."
}
] |
Harry Heilmann's passed away due to a heart attack.
| 2 | 4 |
Harry Heilmann
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early history",
"text": "Pleistocene sediments found along the coastal areas around Kandivali in northern Mumbai suggest that the islands were inhabited since the South Asian Stone Age."
}
] |
SPkDQUNFY9sXczJ4uNOY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "In the suburbs, the soil cover is largely alluvial and loamy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early history",
"text": "Pleistocene sediments found along the coastal areas around Kandivali in northern Mumbai suggest that the islands were inhabited since the South Asian Stone Age."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Soil cover in the city region is predominantly sandy due to its proximity to the sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mumbai is the centre of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, the sixth most populous metropolitan area in the world with a population of over 23 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As per Indian government population census of 2011, Mumbai was the most populous city in India with an estimated city proper population of 12.5 million living under Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai."
},
{
"section_header": "Sports",
"text": "If approved, the track will be clubbed with a theme park and will spread over an area of some 160 to 200 ha (400 to 500 acres)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai was the second-most populous city in India after Delhi and the seventh-most populous city in the world with a population of roughly 20 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnic groups and religions",
"text": "Mumbai is also home to the largest population of Parsi Zoroastrians in the world, numbering about 60,000 though with a sharply declining population."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai city was 12,479,608."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Language",
"text": "Mumbai has a large polyglot population like all other metropolitan cities of India."
}
] |
Soil samples reveal that Mumbai has been populated since the Iron Age.
| 0 | 0 |
Mumbai
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The film later won five including Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Film Editing, and Best Director for Spielberg; his second win in that category."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, and Best Original Screenplay."
}
] |
SPunNXt1YTqTpqVDH3bv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "In a poll in 2015, Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the Oscar for Best Picture to Saving Private Ryan."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st Academy Awards, where it won five awards including Spielberg's second win for Best Director, Best Film Editing, Best Cinematography, Best Sound, and Best Sound Effects Editing, though it lost the Academy Award for Best Picture to Shakespeare in Love in a controversial Oscars upset."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards at the 71st Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Tom Hanks, and Best Original Screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The film later won five including Best Cinematography, Best Sound, Best Sound Effects Editing, Best Film Editing, and Best Director for Spielberg; his second win in that category."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "In a controversial upset, the film lost the Best Picture award to Shakespeare in Love, being one of a few that have won the Best Director award without also winning Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The film also won the Golden Globes for Best Motion Picture – Drama and Director, the BAFTA Award for Special Effects and Sound, the Directors Guild of America Award, a Grammy Award for Best Film Soundtrack, the Producers Guild of America Golden Laurel Award, and the Saturn Award for Best Action, Adventure, or Thriller Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Legacy",
"text": "Saving Private Ryan was voted as the greatest war film in a 2008 Channel 4 poll of the 100 greatest war films."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since its release, Saving Private Ryan has been considered one of the greatest films ever made and has been lauded as influential on the war film genre."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Legacy",
"text": "The American Film Institute has included Saving Private Ryan in many of its lists, ranking it as the 71st-greatest American movie in AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition), as well as the 45th-most thrilling film in AFI's 100 Years... 100 Thrills, the 10th-most inspiring in AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers, and the eighth-best epic film in \"AFI's 10 Top 10\"."
}
] |
The 1998 American epic war film Saving Private Ryan won five Academy Awards.
| 4 | 6 |
Saving Private Ryan
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother, a cook, gave birth to him when she was 19 years old."
}
] |
SPzotJHPyxOxPqM7pNOM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–07: Mixtapes and collaborations",
"text": "ranked a list of 77 of Lil Wayne's songs from 2007 and ranked his verse in DJ Khaled's"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2006–07: Mixtapes and collaborations",
"text": "Another article, built around Lil Wayne's 2007 mixtape work, cites his creative practice as an example of post-performance creative practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For many years, Lil Wayne was the flagship artist of Cash Money Records, before ending his association with the company in June 2018.Lil Wayne's solo debut album"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2004–2006: Tha Carter, Tha Carter II, and Like Father, Like Son",
"text": "In addition, the album's cover art featured the debut of Wayne's now-signature dreadlocks."
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Pusha T",
"text": "Pusha T called Wayne's diss track \"horrible\" and said he felt it did not deserve a response."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health issues",
"text": "Lil Wayne was transferred to a local hospital upon arrival."
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Jay-Z",
"text": "On August 24, 2011, a song called \"It's Good\" by Lil Wayne (featuring Drake and Jadakiss) was leaked online and included Lil Wayne responding \"Talkin' 'bout baby money?"
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Pusha T",
"text": "However, once the feud between Lil Wayne and Birdman arose, Pusha T sent out a tweet encouraging Lil Wayne to sign to G.O.O.D. Music, which also insulted Birdman for his hand-rubbing habit."
},
{
"section_header": "Feuds | Pusha T",
"text": "In 2012 after much speculation that Pusha T was subliminally dissing Canadian rapper and Wayne's Young Money signee Drake in several songs, the speculation heightened after the release of Pusha T's \"Exodus 23:1\" song."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–2010: Tha Carter III, We Are Young Money, and Rebirth",
"text": ", Jay-Z performed \"Mr. Carter\" with Lil Wayne at select shows."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother, a cook, gave birth to him when she was 19 years old."
}
] |
Lil Wayne's mom was an educator.
| 0 | 0 |
Lil Wayne
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Founding",
"text": "The Greek generals Eudemus and Peithon ruled in the Indus Valley until around 317 BCE, when Chandragupta Maurya (with the help of Chanakya, who was now his advisor) orchestrated a rebellion to drive out the Greek governors, and subsequently brought the Indus Valley under the control of his new seat of power in Magadha."
}
] |
SQ520wVwuuDRN1C4MAV3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Timeline",
"text": "322 BCE: Chandragupta Maurya founded the Mauryan Empire by defeating the Nanda Dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest of Magadha",
"text": "The Macedonians (described as Yona or Yavana in Indian sources) may then have participated, together with other groups, in the armed uprising of Chandragupta Maurya against the Nanda dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Chandragupta Maurya",
"text": "Megasthenes in particular was a notable Greek ambassador in the court of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "However, the Puranas themselves make no mention of Mura and do not talk of any relation between the Nanda and the Maurya dynasties."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding",
"text": "According to several legends, Chanakya travelled to Magadha, a kingdom that was large and militarily powerful and feared by its neighbours, but was insulted by its king Dhana Nanda, of the Nanda dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Chandragupta Maurya",
"text": "According to Plutarch Chandragupta Maurya subdued entire India"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest of Magadha",
"text": "Chanakya contacted the prime minister, Rakshasas, and made him understand that his loyalty was to Magadha, not to the Nanda dynasty, insisting that he continue in office."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya raised an army, with the assistance of Chanakya, author of Arthasastra, and overthrew the Nanda Empire in c. 322 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Chandragupta Maurya",
"text": "He also had a Greek ambassador at his court, named Deimachus."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest of Magadha",
"text": "Ultimately Nanda resigned, handing power to Chandragupta, and went into exile and was never heard of again."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Founding",
"text": "The Greek generals Eudemus and Peithon ruled in the Indus Valley until around 317 BCE, when Chandragupta Maurya (with the help of Chanakya, who was now his advisor) orchestrated a rebellion to drive out the Greek governors, and subsequently brought the Indus Valley under the control of his new seat of power in Magadha."
}
] |
Chandragupta Maurya supported the Greeks in overthrowing the Nanda dynasty.
| 0 | 0 |
Maurya Empire
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Georgia Guidestones are a granite monument erected in 1980 in Elbert County, Georgia, in the United States."
}
] |
SQOUbLCulMloXvjqpoKD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet",
"text": "It also speaks of a time capsule buried under the tablet, but spaces on the stone reserved for filling in the dates on which the capsule was buried and is to be opened have not been inscribed, so it is uncertain if the time capsule was put in place."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet",
"text": "On To be opened on The words appear as shown under the time capsule heading; no dates are engraved."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet",
"text": "Time Capsule Placed six feet below this spot"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An additional stone tablet, which is set in the ground a short distance to the west of the structure, provides some notes on the history and purpose of the guidestones."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet | Physical data",
"text": "WEST OF ELBERTON, GEORGIA."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Joe Fendley of Elberton Granite assumed that Christian was \"a nut\" and attempted to discourage him by giving a quote several times higher than any project the company had taken, explaining that the guidestones would require additional tools and consultants."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet",
"text": "A few feet to the west of the monument, an additional granite ledger has been set level with the ground."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Georgia Guidestones are a granite monument erected in 1980 in Elbert County, Georgia, in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet | Guidestone languages",
"text": "Below the two columns of text is written the caption \"GUIDESTONE LANGUAGES\", with a diagram of the granite slab layout beneath it."
},
{
"section_header": "Explanatory tablet | Guidestone languages",
"text": "The names of eight modern languages are inscribed along the long edges of the projecting rectangles, one per edge."
}
] |
The "Georgia Guidestones", the time capsule under it, and the tablet west of it explaining its purpose and languages, are not in the European ex-soviet state.
| 0 | 0 |
Georgia Guidestones
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Burt Lancaster died at his apartment in Century City, California, after suffering a third heart attack at 4:50 am on October 20, 1994, at the age of 80."
}
] |
SQhklO3rgHESNlqU0wu6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He continued acting into his late 70s, until a stroke in 1990 forced him to retire; four years later he died from a heart attack."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Burt Lancaster died at his apartment in Century City, California, after suffering a third heart attack at 4:50 am on October 20, 1994, at the age of 80."
},
{
"section_header": "Circus career",
"text": "At the age of 9, Lancaster met Nick Cravat with whom he developed a lifelong partnership."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Before he graduated from DeWitt Clinton, his mother died of a cerebral hemorrhage."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Norma Productions",
"text": "It was originally going to be produced by Hellinger and when Hellinger died, another took over."
},
{
"section_header": "Health problems",
"text": "As Lancaster aged, he became increasingly wracked with atherosclerosis, and had complications with a routine gall bladder operation in January 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Health problems",
"text": "Lancaster's acting career ended after the 77-year-old suffered a stroke on November 30, 1990, which left him partially paralyzed and largely unable to speak."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Collaborations with younger filmmakers",
"text": "In 1966, at the age of 52, Lancaster appeared nude in director Frank Perry's film The Swimmer (1968), in what the critic Roger Ebert called \"his finest performance\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Hecht and Lancaster",
"text": "The film shows Stroud transferred to the maximum security Alcatraz prison where he is not allowed to keep birds and as he ages he gets married, markets bird remedies, helps stop a prison rebellion, and writes a book on the history of the U.S. penal system, but never gets paroled."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career | Hecht-Hill-Lancaster",
"text": "The Hecht-Hill-Lancaster Productions company dissolved in 1960 after Hill ruptured his relationship with both Hecht and Lancaster."
}
] |
Lancaster died from a stroke at the age of 79.
| 1 | 5 |
Burt Lancaster
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Today, the site of the Church is within the current walls of the old city of Jerusalem."
}
] |
SQiWZRrHdMzQCPvPJL4N
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The Christian Quarter and the (also Christian) Armenian Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem are both located in the northwestern and western part of the Old City, due to the fact that the Holy Sepulchre is located close to the northwestern corner of the walled city."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Christian pilgrim hospices have been maintained in this area near the Holy Sepulchre since at least the time of Charlemagne."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The area immediately to the south and east of the sepulchre was a quarry and outside the city during the early first century as excavations under the Lutheran Church of the Redeemer across the street demonstrated."
},
{
"section_header": "Status Quo | 2018 Tax/Land affair",
"text": "The church leaders warned that if the organization gets the access to control the sites, Christians will lose access to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre."
},
{
"section_header": "Status Quo",
"text": "An Ottoman status quo decided upon in 1757 upholds the state of affairs for certain Holy Land sites, including the Church of the Holy Sepulchre."
},
{
"section_header": "Status Quo | 2018 Tax/Land affair",
"text": "The city hall stressed that the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and all other churches are exempt from the taxes, with the changes only affecting establishments like \"hotels, halls and businesses\" owned by the churches."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reconstruction (11th century)",
"text": "Contemporary sources credit the emperor with spending vast sums in an effort to restore the Church of the Holy Sepulchre after this agreement was made."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Crusader period (1099–1244)",
"text": "Historians agree that the fate of Jerusalem and thereby the Church of the Holy Sepulchre was of concern to if not the immediate goal of papal policy in 1095."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "Today, the site of the Church is within the current walls of the old city of Jerusalem."
},
{
"section_header": "Location",
"text": "The church is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Old City of Jerusalem."
}
] |
Church of the Holy Sepulchre is located in Rome.
| 2 | 5 |
Church of the Holy Sepulchre
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively; it was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises."
}
] |
SRFJjlxBizwXH5OJAOqh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Sundance Productions, which Redford owns, produced a two-hour documentary entitled \"All The President's Men\" Revisited."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars Robert Redford and Dustin Hoffman as Woodward and Bernstein, respectively; it was produced by Walter Coblenz for Redford's Wildwood Enterprises."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Robert Redford bought the rights to Woodward and Bernstein's book in 1974 for $450,000 with the notion to adapt it into a film with a budget of $5 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "All the President's Men grossed $70.6 million at the box office."
},
{
"section_header": "\"All The President's Men\" Revisited",
"text": "Footage from the film is used, as well as interviews with Redford and Hoffman as well as actual central characters including Woodward, Bernstein, Bradlee, John Dean and Alexander Butterfield."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Entertainment Weekly ranked All the President's Men as one of its 25 \"Powerful Political Thrillers\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "All the President's Men is a 1976 American political thriller film about the Watergate scandal, which brought down the presidency of Richard M. Nixon."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the 1977 Oscar for Best Picture to All the President's Men instead of Rocky."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "3 1⁄2 stars out of 4, and wrote: \"It provides the most observant study of working journalists we're ever likely to see in a feature film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Karl Malden, Hal Holbrook (who would play Deep Throat), John Forsythe, Leslie Nielsen, Henry Fonda, Richard Widmark, Christopher Plummer, Anthony Quinn, Gene Hackman, Burt Lancaster, Robert Stack, Robert Mitchum and Telly Savalas were also considered for the role."
}
] |
All the President's Men starred Robert Redford
| 0 | 0 |
All the President's Men (film)
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "The postal delivery service in Britain had existed in the same form for about 150 years—from its introduction in 1635, mounted carriers had ridden between \"posts\" where the postmaster would remove the letters for the local area before handing the remaining letters and any additions to the next rider."
}
] |
SRG4bGNnzmRSIce48yzs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "Even more dramatic improvements were made by John Palmer at the British Post Office."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "A service to Edinburgh was added the next year, and Palmer was rewarded by being made Surveyor and Comptroller General of the Post Office."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "It occurred to him that this stagecoach service could be developed into a national mail delivery service, so in 1782 he suggested to the Post Office in London that they take up the idea."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Royal Mail stagecoaches",
"text": "The postal delivery service in Britain had existed in the same form for about 150 years—from its introduction in 1635, mounted carriers had ridden between \"posts\" where the postmaster would remove the letters for the local area before handing the remaining letters and any additions to the next rider."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Widely used before steam-powered, rail transport was available, a stagecoach made long scheduled trips using stage stations or posts where the stagecoach's horses would be replaced by fresh horses."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The first recorded stagecoach route in Britain started in 1610 and ran from Edinburgh to Leith."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Improved coach design",
"text": "After the expiry of his patent most British horse carriages were equipped with elliptic springs; wooden springs in the case of light one-horse vehicles to avoid taxation, and steel springs in larger vehicles."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Spent horses were replaced with fresh horses at stage stations, posts, or relays."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Decline and evolution | Competitive display and sport",
"text": "the 1860s did see the start of a coaching revival spurred on by the popularity of Four-in-hand driving as a sporting pursuit (the Four-In-Hand Driving Club was founded in 1856 and the Coaching Club in 1871)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Improved coach design",
"text": "Steel springs had been used in suspensions for vehicles since 1695."
}
] |
The British Post Office started using them in 1635.
| 0 | 0 |
Stagecoach
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "This gives Mexico one of the world's most diverse weather systems."
}
] |
SRXW64s1cKPAGUjHrO2b
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Many parts of Mexico, particularly the north, have a dry climate with sporadic rainfall while parts of the tropical lowlands in the south average more than 2,000 mm (78.7 in) of annual precipitation."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "This gives Mexico one of the world's most diverse weather systems."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Temperatures here remain high throughout the year, with only a 5 °C (9 °F) difference between winter and summer median temperatures."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "This gives them a year-round temperate climate with yearly temperature averages (from 16 to 18 °C or 60.8 to 64.4 °F) and cool nighttime temperatures throughout the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "Mexico is founding member of several international organizations, most notably the United Nations, the Organization of American States, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the OPANAL and the Rio Group."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Architecture",
"text": "Juan O'Gorman was one of the first environmental architects in Mexico, developing the \"organic\" theory, trying to integrate the building with the landscape within the same approaches of Frank Lloyd Wright."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Political consolidation and one-party rule (1920–2000)",
"text": "Obregón instigated land reform and strengthened the power of organized labor."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Mexican Spanish refers to the varieties of the language spoken in the country, which differ from one region to another in sound, structure, and vocabulary."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "With over 200,000 different species, Mexico is home of 10–12% of the world's biodiversity."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Many large cities in Mexico are located in the Valley of Mexico or in adjacent valleys with altitudes generally above 2,000 m (6,562 ft)."
}
] |
Mexico has one of the most differing climate organization.
| 0 | 0 |
Mexico
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "FC Bayern Munich was founded by members of a Munich gymnastics club (MTV 1879)."
}
] |
SRznf14zYNA8YxCCEGJG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalries",
"text": "Bayern is one of three professional football clubs in Munich."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "V. (German pronunciation: [ˈfuːsbalˌklʊp ˈbaɪɐn ˈmʏnçn̩]), commonly known as FC Bayern München (German pronunciation: [ʔɛf tseː ˈbaɪɐn ˈmʏnçn̩]), FCB, Bayern Munich, or FC Bayern, is a German professional sports club based in Munich, Bavaria."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Women's team",
"text": "In the 2011–12 season on 12 May 2012, FC Bayern Munich dethroned the German Cup title holders 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In terms of revenue, Bayern Munich is the biggest sports club in Germany and the fourth highest-earning football club in the world, generating €629.2 million in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The golden years (1965–1979)",
"text": "Bayern Munich are one of four German clubs to win the Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal in the same season along with Borussia Dortmund, 1."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "FC Bayern Munich was founded by members of a Munich gymnastics club (MTV 1879)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "By 1920, it had over 700 members, making it the largest football club in Munich."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Reserve team",
"text": "This ended 33 consecutive years of playing in the highest league that the German Football Association permits the second team of a professional football team to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Senior football",
"text": "The senior football department was founded in 2002, making it the youngest division of the club, and consists of five teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Senior football",
"text": "The division is intended to enable senior athletes to participate in the various senior citizen competitions in Munich."
}
] |
FC Bayern Munich, one of three football clubs in Munich, was formed by German dock workers looking for reputation in their favorite sport, football.
| 0 | 0 |
FC Bayern Munich
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Notable motifs | The mysterious 666 briefcase",
"text": "Tarantino has said there is no explanation for its contents – it is simply a MacGuffin, a pure plot device."
}
] |
SS1NUKbq4ZQIDQwEHNsG
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Release and box office",
"text": "\" From Cannes forward, Tarantino was on the road continuously, promoting the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Notable motifs | The mysterious 666 briefcase",
"text": "Analyzing the notion, Roger Ebert dismissed it as \"nothing more than a widely distributed urban legend given false credibility by the mystique of the Net\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Release and box office",
"text": "As MovieMaker puts it, \"The movie was nothing less than a national cultural phenomenon."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Summary",
"text": "Jules and Vincent leave the diner with the briefcase."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Release and box office",
"text": "Popular engagement with the film, such as speculation about the contents of the precious briefcase, \"indicates the kind of cult status that Pulp Fiction achieved almost immediately\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Homage as essence | Cinema",
"text": "Tarantino is a cinematic kleptomaniac – he literally can't help himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Summary",
"text": "They take the briefcase to Marsellus, but have to wait while he bribes champion boxer Butch Coolidge to take a dive in his upcoming match."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Summary",
"text": "Hitmen Jules Winnfield and Vincent Vega arrive at an apartment to retrieve a briefcase for their boss, gangster Marsellus Wallace, from a business partner, Brett."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Notable motifs | The mysterious 666 briefcase",
"text": "The idea that the briefcase contains Marsellus' soul gained popular currency in the mid-1990s."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Summary",
"text": "After Vincent checks the contents of the briefcase, Jules shoots one of Brett's associates, then declaims a passage from the Bible before he and Vincent kill Brett for trying to double-cross Marsellus."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Notable motifs | The mysterious 666 briefcase",
"text": "Tarantino has said there is no explanation for its contents – it is simply a MacGuffin, a pure plot device."
}
] |
The briefcase in Pulp Fiction has nothing in it, it is only there to help propel the plot forward.
| 0 | 0 |
Pulp Fiction
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1939–1952: Controversies and fading popularity | The Great Dictator",
"text": "It was this physical resemblance that supplied the plot for Chaplin's next film, The Great Dictator, which directly satirised Hitler and attacked fascism."
}
] |
SS3yj4pX9TFIY2m4ckEI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1914–1917: Entering films | Mutual",
"text": "The actress Minnie Maddern Fiske wrote that \"a constantly increasing body of cultured, artistic people are beginning to regard the young English buffoon, Charles Chaplin, as an extraordinary artist, as well as a comic genius\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1889–1913: Early years | Background and childhood hardship",
"text": "Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on 16 April 1889 to Hannah Chaplin (born Hannah Harriet Pedlingham Hill) and Charles Chaplin Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The British Film Institute has also established the Charles Chaplin Research Foundation, and the first international Charles Chaplin Conference was held in London in July 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Filmmaking | Style and themes",
"text": "The camera is there to photograph the actors\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1914–1917: Entering films | Mutual",
"text": "For The Pawnshop, he recruited the actor Henry Bergman, who was to work with Chaplin for 30 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1889–1913: Early years | Young performer",
"text": "Through his father's connections, Chaplin became a member of the Eight Lancashire Lads clog-dancing troupe, with whom he toured English music halls throughout 1899 and 1900."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chaplin began performing at an early age, touring music halls and later working as a stage actor and comedian."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1923–1938: Silent features | Lita Grey and The Circus",
"text": "Their first son, Charles Spencer Chaplin, Jr., was born on 5 May 1925, followed by Sydney Earl Chaplin on 30 March 1926.It"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1889–1913: Early years | Young performer",
"text": "He supported himself with a range of jobs, while nursing his ambition to become an actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | 1939–1952: Controversies and fading popularity | The Great Dictator",
"text": "It was this physical resemblance that supplied the plot for Chaplin's next film, The Great Dictator, which directly satirised Hitler and attacked fascism."
}
] |
English actor Sir Charles Chaplin was a fascist.
| 1 | 4 |
Charlie Chaplin
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; born c. 1270, died 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence."
}
] |
SSSJb2tMZx1xxiiwLmyM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "In the early 19th century, Walter Scott wrote of Wallace in his short essay Exploits and Death of William Wallace, the \"Hero of Scotland\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "William Wallace was a member of the lesser nobility, but little is definitely known of his family history or even his parentage."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Blind Harry's assertion that William was the son of Sir Malcolm of Elderslie has given rise to a tradition that William's birthplace was at Elderslie in Renfrewshire, and this is still the view of some historians, including the historical William Wallace Society itself."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Beer",
"text": "A brewery in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, makes a Scottish ale named \"William Wallace\", and Scottish Maclays Brewery had a beer called \"Wallace\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Start of the uprising",
"text": "The first act definitely known to have been carried out by Wallace was his murder of William de Heselrig, the English High Sheriff of Lanark, in May 1297."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; born c. 1270, died 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Start of the uprising",
"text": "He then joined with William the Hardy, Lord of Douglas, and they carried out the raid of Scone."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "Henty, a producer of and writer for the Boy's Own Paper story paper, portrays the life of William Wallace, Robert the Bruce, The Black Douglas, and others, while dovetailing the events of his novel with historical fiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Capture and execution",
"text": "Wallace was transported to London, lodged in the house of William de Leyrer, then taken to Westminster Hall, where he was tried for treason and for atrocities against civilians in war, \"sparing neither age nor sex, monk nor nun."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle of Falkirk",
"text": "There is a surviving letter from the French king dated 7 November 1300 to his envoys in Rome demanding that they should help Sir William."
}
] |
William Wallace was Irish.
| 0 | 0 |
William Wallace
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Manuel Debussy remained in Paris and joined the forces of the Commune; after its defeat by French government troops in 1871 he was sentenced to four years' imprisonment, although he only served one year."
}
] |
SShXEGxRWYcL95eRNeou
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "She outlived her father by scarcely a year, succumbing to the diphtheria epidemic of 1919."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Among his fellow Communard prisoners was his friend Charles de Sivry, a musician."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "Claude-Emma, affectionately known as \"Chouchou\", was a musical inspiration to the composer (she was the dedicatee of his Children's Corner suite)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "In 1870, to escape the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War, Debussy's pregnant mother took him and his sister Adèle to their paternal aunt's home in Cannes, where they remained until the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on later composers",
"text": "In the aftermath of the First World War, the young French composers of Les Six reacted against what they saw as the poetic, mystical quality of Debussy's music in favour of something more hard-edged."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "(Achille) Claude Debussy (French: [aʃil klod dəbysi]; 22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences | Musical",
"text": "With the advent of the First World War, Debussy became ardently patriotic in his musical opinions."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1903–1918",
"text": "The First World War was still raging and Paris was under German aerial and artillery bombardment."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Late works, 1906–1917",
"text": "En blanc et noir (In white and black, 1915), a three-movement work for two pianos, is a predominantly sombre piece, reflecting the war and national danger."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on later composers",
"text": "\"Bartók first encountered Debussy's music in 1907 and later said that \"Debussy's great service to music was to reawaken among all musicians an awareness of harmony and its possibilities\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Manuel Debussy remained in Paris and joined the forces of the Commune; after its defeat by French government troops in 1871 he was sentenced to four years' imprisonment, although he only served one year."
}
] |
Claude Debussy's father was sent to prison because he fought for the losing side in a Franco-Prussian War.
| 1 | 5 |
Claude Debussy
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and afterward | Legacy",
"text": "Benedict Arnold's name became synonymous with \"traitor\" soon after his betrayal became public, and biblical themes were often invoked."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the winter of 1782, he and Peggy moved to London, England."
}
] |
SSkEyYi7PfONLfoWXXWU
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death and afterward | Legacy",
"text": "George Canning Hill authored a series of moralistic biographies in the mid-19th century and began his 1865 biography of Arnold: \"Benedict, the Traitor, was born…\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and afterward | Legacy",
"text": "Benedict Arnold's name became synonymous with \"traitor\" soon after his betrayal became public, and biblical themes were often invoked."
},
{
"section_header": "Revolutionary War (British service) | British surrender and exile in England",
"text": "In London, Arnold aligned himself with the Tories, advising Germain and King George III to renew the fight against the Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "New businesses, new controversies",
"text": "The family left Saint John to return to London in December 1791.In July 1792, Benedict Arnold fought a bloodless duel with the Earl of Lauderdale after the Earl impugned his honor in the House of Lords."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and afterward",
"text": "Arnold was buried at St. Mary's Church, Battersea in London, England."
},
{
"section_header": "New businesses, new controversies",
"text": "After her first voyage, Arnold returned to London in 1786 to bring his family to Saint John."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brigadier General Benedict Arnold (14 January 1741"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Benedict Arnold was born a British subject, the second of six children of Benedict Arnold (1683–1761) and Hannah Waterman King in Norwich, Connecticut Colony on 14 January 1741."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "The house where Arnold lived at 62 Gloucester Place in central London bears a plaque describing him as an \"American Patriot\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the winter of 1782, he and Peggy moved to London, England."
}
] |
The traitor Benedict Arnold was exiled to London.
| 0 | 0 |
Benedict Arnold
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "George Ruth Jr. was born in the house of his maternal grandfather, Pius Schamberger, a German immigrant and trade unionist."
}
] |
STSnxDyykTvouzglNzTB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "George Herman Ruth Jr. was born in 1895 at 216 Emory Street in the Pigtown section of Baltimore, Maryland."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Ruth's parents, Katherine (née Schamberger) and George Herman Ruth Sr., were both of German ancestry."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "George Ruth Jr. was born in the house of his maternal grandfather, Pius Schamberger, a German immigrant and trade unionist."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Herman \"Babe\" Ruth Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948) was an American professional baseball player whose career in Major League Baseball (MLB) spanned 22 seasons, from 1914 through 1935."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "According to the 1880 census, his parents were born in Maryland."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Ruth was sent to St. Mary's because George Sr. ran out of ideas to discipline and mentor his son."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor league, Baltimore Orioles",
"text": "Ruth pitched the middle three innings and gave up two runs in the fourth, but then settled down and pitched a scoreless fifth and sixth innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "Ruth started and won Game 2, 2–1, in 14 innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Emergence as a hitter",
"text": "The Cubs tied the game in the eighth inning, but the Red Sox scored to take a 3–2 lead again in the bottom of that inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "Ruth took a 3–2 lead into the ninth, but lost the game 4–3 in 13 innings."
}
] |
George Herman Ruth was born in Germany.
| 1 | 3 |
Babe Ruth
|
History
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate came to an official end in 1868 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, leading to the \"restoration\" (王政復古, Ōsei fukko) of imperial rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate declined during the Bakumatsu (\"final act of the shogunate\") period from 1853 and was overthrown by supporters of the Imperial Court in the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
}
] |
STqGNt9TlM46WsGdJOUg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Government | Shogunate and domains | Policies to control the daimyos",
"text": "The shogunate had the power to discard, annex, and transform domains, although they were rarely and carefully exercised after the early years of the Shogunate, to prevent daimyōs from banding together."
},
{
"section_header": "Late Tokugawa shogunate (1853–1867)",
"text": "Although these two groups were the most visible powers, many other factions attempted to use the chaos of the Bakumatsu era to seize personal power."
},
{
"section_header": "Late Tokugawa shogunate (1853–1867)",
"text": "The first related to those lords who had fought against Tokugawa forces at Sekigahara (in 1600) and had from that point on been exiled permanently from all powerful positions within the shogunate."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate came to an official end in 1868 with the resignation of the 15th Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, leading to the \"restoration\" (王政復古, Ōsei fukko) of imperial rule."
},
{
"section_header": "Institutions of the shogunate | Gaikoku bugyō",
"text": "The gaikoku bugyō were administrators appointed between 1858 and 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Shogunate and domains",
"text": "The shōgun also administered the most powerful han, the hereditary fief of the House of Tokugawa, which also included many gold and silver mines."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tokugawa shogunate declined during the Bakumatsu (\"final act of the shogunate\") period from 1853 and was overthrown by supporters of the Imperial Court in the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Shogunate and domains | Policies to control the daimyos",
"text": "Additional rules on the samurai would be issued over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Relations with the Emperor",
"text": "Government administration would be formally returned from the shogun to the Emperor during the Meiji Restoration in 1868."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Shogunate and domains",
"text": "They were ranked by size, which was measured as the number of koku of rice that the domain produced each year."
}
] |
The Tokugawa shogunate concluded in 1868 after losing power in the preceeding years.
| 3 | 7 |
Tokugawa shogunate
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Goldwasser's research areas include computational complexity theory, cryptography and computational number theory."
}
] |
SUKFJUo4SRJdFZX8IM78
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shafrira \"Shafi\" Goldwasser (Hebrew: שפרירה גולדווסר) is an Israeli-American computer scientist and winner of the Turing Award in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Goldwasser was awarded the 2012 Turing Award along with Silvio Micali for their work in the field of cryptography."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Since November 2016, Goldwasser is Chief Scientist and Co-Founder of Duality Technologies, an Israeli-American start-up which offers secure data analytics using advanced cryptographic techniques."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Her work in number theory includes the invention with Joe Kilian of primality proving using elliptic curves."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Her work in complexity theory includes the classification of approximation problems, showing that some problems in NP remain hard even when only an approximate solution is needed, and pioneering methods for delegating computations to untrusted servers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She is the RSA Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT, a professor of mathematical sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, co-founder and chief scientist of Duality Technologies and the director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing in Berkeley, CA."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "Goldwasser was a co-recipient of the 2012 Turing Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Goldwasser is featured in the Notable Women in Computing cards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "On 26 June 2019 Goldwasser was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science by the University of Oxford."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "On January 1, 2018, Goldwasser became the director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at the University of California, Berkeley."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Goldwasser's research areas include computational complexity theory, cryptography and computational number theory."
}
] |
Scientist Shafrira Goldwasser has performed work in codebreaking.
| 0 | 0 |
Shafi Goldwasser
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "There is no definitive explanation for the origin of the name \"Maine\", but the most likely is that early explorers named it after the former province of Maine in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On March 15, 1820, under the Missouri Compromise, it was admitted to the Union as the 23rd state."
}
] |
SURxb06DPG4vb1oVpYIt
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "In 2010, a study named Maine as the least religious state in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Toponymy",
"text": "There is no definitive explanation for the origin of the name \"Maine\", but the most likely is that early explorers named it after the former province of Maine in France."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The French named the entire area Acadia, including the portion that later became the state of Maine."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On March 15, 1820, under the Missouri Compromise, it was admitted to the Union as the 23rd state."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Maine ( (listen)) is the northernmost state in the Northeastern United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and government | State and local politics",
"text": "On May 6, 2009, Maine became the fifth state to legalize same-sex marriage; however, the law was repealed by voters on November 3, 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and government | State and local politics",
"text": "On November 6, 2012, Maine, along with Maryland and Washington, became the first state to legalize same-sex marriage at the ballot box."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Maine is the easternmost state in the United States both in its extreme points and in its geographic center."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Food",
"text": "In 2018, HealthIQ.com named Maine the 3rd most vegan state."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Maine is the only state to border only one other state, is the easternmost among the contiguous United States, and is the northernmost state east of the Great Lakes."
}
] |
Maine became the 23rd state in the United States and has no known explanation of its name.
| 1 | 2 |
Maine
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "That September, an admittedly nervous Watson delivered an address at UN Headquarters in New York City to launch the UN Women campaign HeForShe, which calls for men to advocate for gender equality."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That same year, she was appointed as a UN Women Goodwill ambassador and helped launch the UN Women campaign HeForShe, which advocates for gender equality."
}
] |
SUWWLeBIOrLjFLG3sihJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson (born 15 April 1990) is an English actress, model, and activist."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "That September, an admittedly nervous Watson delivered an address at UN Headquarters in New York City to launch the UN Women campaign HeForShe, which calls for men to advocate for gender equality."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That same year, she was appointed as a UN Women Goodwill ambassador and helped launch the UN Women campaign HeForShe, which advocates for gender equality."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "Watson also gave a speech about gender equality in January 2015, at the World Economic Forum's annual winter meeting."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Modelling and fashion",
"text": "Draped in an Elie Saab haute couture design donated to Tussauds by the designer, Nicole Fenner stated, \"Emma is one of the most requested personalities by our guests."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2004–2011: Harry Potter and other roles",
"text": "She also appeared in a music video for One Night Only, after meeting lead singer George Craig at the 2010 Winter/Summer Burberry advertising campaign."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her modelling work has included campaigns for Burberry and Lancôme."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "One book is selected per month and is discussed in the last week of that month."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From 2011 to 2014, Watson split her time between working on films and continuing her education, graduating from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature in May 2014."
}
] |
English actress Emma Watson has worked on a campaign for gender equality.
| 2 | 4 |
Emma Watson
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Wannsee Conference",
"text": "Under Eichmann's supervision, large-scale deportations began almost immediately to extermination camps at Bełżec, Sobibor, Treblinka and elsewhere."
}
] |
SUbVeYfwJulQ2695W0nS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eichmann and his staff became responsible for Jewish deportations to extermination camps, where the victims were gassed."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "The prosecution proved that Eichmann had visited places where exterminations had taken place, including Chełmno extermination camp, Auschwitz, and Minsk (where he witnessed a mass shooting of Jews), and therefore was aware that the deportees were being killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Wannsee Conference",
"text": "Under Eichmann's supervision, large-scale deportations began almost immediately to extermination camps at Bełżec, Sobibor, Treblinka and elsewhere."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was tasked by SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich with facilitating and managing the logistics involved in the mass deportation of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in Nazi-occupied Eastern Europe during World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Transition from emigration to deportation",
"text": "Under the Nisko Plan, Eichmann chose Nisko as the location for a new transit camp where Jews would be temporarily housed before being deported elsewhere."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "In addition to being found guilty of crimes against Jews, he was convicted for crimes against Poles, Slovenes and Gypsies."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Transition from emigration to deportation",
"text": "On his own initiative, Eichmann also laid plans to deport Jews from Vienna."
},
{
"section_header": "Second World War | Transition from emigration to deportation",
"text": "Within a few days of his appointment, Eichmann formulated a plan to deport 600,000 Jews into the General Government."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "Eichmann was convicted on 15 counts of crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes against the Jewish people, and membership in a criminal organisation."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "The legal basis of the charges against Eichmann was the 1950 Nazi and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law, under which he was indicted on 15 criminal charges, including crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes against the Jewish people, and membership in a criminal organisation."
}
] |
Eichmann was against deporting Jews to extermination camps.
| 2 | 5 |
Adolf Eichmann
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "So a set of Andy's toys and new characters Hee-Hee, and Gladiola are trying to figure out who stole the toys one by one in a whodunit-style murder mystery story."
}
] |
SUfizI3DM0cbc1DOPmOL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "On March 23, 2010, Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released separately on Blu-ray/DVD combo packs; Toy Story included a small feature of \"The Story of Toy Story 3\" and Toy Story 2 included one on the \"Characters of Toy Story 3.\" Mattel, Thinkway Toys, and Lego are among companies that produced toys to promote the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Toy Story 3 also became the first-ever Pixar film—and the first animated feature film since Shrek—to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, though six of Pixar's previous films were nominated for the Best Original Screenplay: Toy Story, Finding Nemo, The Incredibles, Ratatouille, WALL-E, and Up."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "The film score for Toy Story 3 was composed and conducted by Randy Newman, his sixth for Pixar after Toy Story, A Bug's Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., and Cars."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "On October 2, 2009, Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were re-released as a double feature in Disney Digital 3-D."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" In USA Today, Claudia Puig gave the film a complete 4-star rating, writing \"This installment, the best of the three, is everything a movie should be: hilarious, touching, exciting, and clever.\" Lou Lumenick of the New York Post wrote \"Toy Story 3 (which is pointlessly being shown in 3-D at most locations) may not be a masterpiece, but it still had me in tears at the end."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "Sneak peeks of Toy Story 3 were also revealed, primarily on Disney Channel."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "In January 2012, Intrada released the Toy Story 3 soundtrack on CD."
},
{
"section_header": "Voice cast",
"text": "The character of Slinky Dog appeared to be in limbo after the death of his original voice actor Jim Varney on February 10, 2000, three months after Toy Story 2 was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The site's critical consensus reads, \"Deftly blending comedy, adventure, and honest emotion, Toy Story 3 is a rare second sequel that really works.\" Toy Story 3 was the best-reviewed film of 2010 on Rotten Tomatoes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Toy Story 3 was the first film to be released theatrically with Dolby Surround 7.1 sound."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "So a set of Andy's toys and new characters Hee-Hee, and Gladiola are trying to figure out who stole the toys one by one in a whodunit-style murder mystery story."
}
] |
Toy Story 3 was originally to be a crime story.
| 2 | 4 |
Toy Story 3
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That year, she founded the non-profit Happy Hippie Foundation, which focuses on youth homelessness and the LGBT community."
}
] |
SVo1ZqCWLyv638AkxvTL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy",
"text": "She had met him at My Friend's Place, an organization that helps homeless youth find shelter, work, health care and education."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy",
"text": "Cyrus stated: \"I want (kids) to do something they love."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "That year, she founded the non-profit Happy Hippie Foundation, which focuses on youth homelessness and the LGBT community."
},
{
"section_header": "Philanthropy",
"text": "In January 2011, Cyrus met an ailing fan with spina bifida with the charity Kids Wish Network."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Bangerz and Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz",
"text": "About two months into her tour, Cyrus' Alaskan Klee Kai was found mauled to death at her home after fighting with a coyote."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her music has spanned a range of styles, including pop, country pop, and hip hop."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "It was met with a warm critical and commercial reaction, becoming a crossover hit in both pop and country"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2016–2017: The Voice and Younger Now",
"text": "On May 11, 2017, Cyrus released \"Malibu\" as the lead single from her sixth album."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2016–2017: The Voice and Younger Now",
"text": "On October 5, 2017, Cyrus confirmed that she would not be returning to The Voice for season fourteen."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Musical style and influences",
"text": "Cyrus hoped that the release of Breakout (2008) would help distance her from this sound; the project features Cyrus experimenting with various genres."
}
] |
In 2017, she founded a non-profit organization that helps kids in developing countries.
| 0 | 3 |
Miley Cyrus
|
Literature
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old."
}
] |
SVrGk5MI3D9UqzpXOeAb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "The Gita is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Theology | Brahman-atman",
"text": "In the Gita, the soul of each human being is considered to be identical to every other human being and all beings, but it \"does not support an identity with the Brahman\", according to Fowler."
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Chapters | Chapter 11 (55 verses)",
"text": "This is an idea found in the Rigveda and many later Hindu texts, where it is a symbolism for atman (soul) and Brahman (Absolute Reality) eternally pervading all beings and all existence."
},
{
"section_header": "Date",
"text": "While the year and century is uncertain, states Richard Davis, the internal evidence in the text"
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "Swami Vivekananda, the 19th-century Hindu monk and Vedantist, stated that the Bhagavad Gita may be old"
},
{
"section_header": "Content | Chapters | Chapter 18 (78 verses)",
"text": "It covers many topics, states Easwaran."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Dharma | The Field of Dharma",
"text": "This dharma has \"resonances at many different levels\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Theology | The nature of the world",
"text": "It considers this transient reality as Maya."
},
{
"section_header": "Manuscripts",
"text": "According to Gambhirananda, the old manuscripts may have had 745 verses, though he agrees that 700 verses is the generally accepted historic standard."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Dharma",
"text": "It is more broadly, the \"duty\" and a \"metaphysically congealed act\" for Arjuna."
}
] |
It is considered by many to be more than 4500 years old.
| 4 | 9 |
Bhagavadgita
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, with operations in over 170 countries."
}
] |
SWQsuaGvIrAkttpcbycA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Headquarters and offices",
"text": "IBM operates in 174 countries as of 2016, with mobility centers in smaller markets areas and major campuses in the larger ones."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, with operations in over 170 countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "IBM has continually shifted business operations by focusing on higher-value, more profitable markets."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "By 1933 most of the subsidiaries had been merged into one company, IBM."
},
{
"section_header": "Headquarters and offices",
"text": "Its principal building, referred to as CHQ, is a 283,000-square-foot (26,300 m2) glass and stone edifice on a 25-acre (10 ha) parcel amid a 432-acre former apple orchard the company purchased in the mid-1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Products and services",
"text": "IBM SoftLayer is a dedicated server, managed hosting and cloud computing provider, which in 2011 reported hosting more than 81,000 servers for more than 26,000 customers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At least 70% of IBMers are based outside the United States, and the country with the largest number of IBMers is India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nicknamed Big Blue, IBM is one of 30 companies included in the Dow Jones Industrial Average and one of the world's largest employers, with (as of 2018) over 352,600 employees, known as \"IBMers\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Watson never liked the clumsy hyphenated name \"Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company\" and on February 14, 1924, chose to replace it with the more expansive title \"International Business Machines\"."
},
{
"section_header": "People and culture | Employees",
"text": "IBM's culture has evolved significantly over its century of operations."
}
] |
The company has operations in more than one hundred and seventy countries.
| 2 | 3 |
IBM
|
History
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Voyages | \"Third voyage\" (1501–1502)",
"text": "That land would eventually become present-day Brazil."
}
] |
SWWV4oIw9Y39wzCjWfSv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Voyages | \"Second voyage\" (1499–1500)",
"text": "The armada left Spain on 18 May 1499 and stopped first in the Canary Islands before reaching South America somewhere near present-day Surinam or French Guiana."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Voyages | \"Third voyage\" (1501–1502)",
"text": "That land would eventually become present-day Brazil."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Amerigo Vespucci (, Italian: [ameˈriːɡo veˈsputtʃi]; 9 March 1454 – 22 February 1512) was an Italian merchant, explorer, and navigator from the Republic of Florence (modern Italy), from whose name the terms America and Americas are derived."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Voyages | \"Third voyage\" (1501–1502)",
"text": "Upon landing they encountered a hostile band of natives who killed and ate one of the crewmen."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "In 1538, Gerardus Mercator used America to name both the North and South continents on his influential map."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "A suitable form would be Amerige, meaning Land of Amerigo, or America, since Europe and Asia have received women's names."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "It was decorated with prominent portraits of Ptolemy and Vespucci and, for the first time, the name America was applied to a map of the New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "According to the Tradition of Ptolemy and the Contributions of Amerigo Vespucci and Others."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The claim inspired cartographer Martin Waldseemüller to recognize Vespucci's accomplishments in 1507 by applying the Latinized form America for the first time to a map showing the New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Voyages",
"text": "Traditionally, Vespucci's voyages are referred to as the \"first\" through \"fourth\", even by historians who refute one or more of the trips."
}
] |
Amerigo Vespucci, an Italian merchant, claims he was on the first voyages to South America where he arrived at present day Ecuador.
| 3 | 6 |
Amerigo Vespucci
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1955, a young Henry Hill becomes enamored of the criminal life and Mafia presence in his working class Italian-American neighborhood in Brooklyn."
}
] |
SWZyWVWHGIzSdRvNovJZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "This milestone was celebrated with Henry Hill hosting a private screening for a select group of invitees at the Museum of the American Gangster, in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Goodfellas is based on New York crime reporter Nicholas Pileggi's book Wiseguy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "In his review for The New York Times, Vincent Canby wrote, \"More than any earlier Scorsese film, Goodfellas is memorable for the ensemble nature of the performances... The movie has been beautifully cast from the leading roles to the bits."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Jimmy is serving a 20 years to life sentence in a New York prison for murder, in which he will be paroled in 2004, when he will be 78 years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The unsanctioned murder of a made man invites retribution; realizing this, Jimmy, Henry, and Tommy cover up the murder by burying the body in Upstate New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Photography",
"text": "Liotta met him in an undisclosed city; Hill had seen the film and told the actor that he loved it."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Photography",
"text": "I used her life with her parents as an emotional guideline for the role.\" Paul Sorvino had no problem finding the voice and walk of his character, but found it challenging finding what he called \"that kernel of coldness and absolute hardness that is antithetical to my nature except when my family is threatened.\" The film was shot on location in Queens, New York state, New Jersey, and parts of Long Island during the spring and summer of 1989, with a budget of $25 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Soundtrack",
"text": "In a given scene, he only used music contemporary to or older than the scene's setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In his voiceover narration, as dead bodies are being discovered all over the city, Henry theorizes that Jimmy would have killed them anyway rather than share the profits of the heist."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He sets up a drug deal with his Pittsburgh associates, but is arrested by narcotics agents, and jailed."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1955, a young Henry Hill becomes enamored of the criminal life and Mafia presence in his working class Italian-American neighborhood in Brooklyn."
}
] |
Goodfellas is set in New York City.
| 0 | 0 |
Goodfellas
|
Music
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1990s",
"text": "Live at the BBC, the first official release of unissued Beatles performances in seventeen years, appeared in 1994."
}
] |
SX24in74JuoHwAjzFpff
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1990s",
"text": "Live at the BBC, the first official release of unissued Beatles performances in seventeen years, appeared in 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 2010s",
"text": "In 2013, a second volume of BBC recordings, titled On Air – Live at the BBC Volume 2, was released."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "At a show in Atlanta, the Beatles gave one of the first live performances ever to make use of a foldback system of on-stage monitor speakers."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | First visit to the United States and the British Invasion",
"text": "They gave their first live US television performance two days later on The Ed Sullivan Show, watched by approximately 73 million viewers in over 23 million households, or 34 percent of the American population."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1990s",
"text": "Documenting their history in the band's own words, the Anthology project included the release of several unissued Beatles recordings."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "Released in early October, \"Love Me Do\" peaked at number seventeen on the Record Retailer chart."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Magical Mystery Tour and Yellow Submarine",
"text": "The group were less involved with Yellow Submarine, which only featured the band appearing as themselves for a short live-action segment."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Please Please Me and With the Beatles",
"text": "Around 50 to 100 journalists and photographers, as well as representatives from the BBC, also joined the airport reception, the first of more than 100 such events."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Abbey Road, Let It Be and separation",
"text": "Preston received label billing on the \"Get Back\" single – the only musician ever to receive that acknowledgment on an official Beatles release."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Abbey Road, Let It Be and separation",
"text": "The project's impetus came from an idea Martin attributes to McCartney, who suggested they \"record an album of new material and rehearse it, then perform it before a live audience for the very first time – on record and on film\"."
}
] |
Live at the BBC, the first official release of unissued performances in seventeen years, appeared in 1996.
| 2 | 8 |
The Beatles
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "As a child, Banks was not very interested in baseball, preferring swimming, basketball and football."
}
] |
SXqlUogqJFkBYfhXRAfm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Banks participated in a trend toward lighter baseball bats after he accidentally picked up a teammate's bat and liked that it was easy to generate bat speed."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Move to first base",
"text": "Ernie had an unfailing instinct for doing the wrong thing."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Robinson told Banks, \"Ernie, I'm glad to see you're up here"
},
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "In 2008, Banks released a charity wine called Ernie Banks 512 Chardonnay, the proceeds of which were donated to his foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Banks and Bob Nelson became the first black owners of a U.S. Ford Motor Company dealership in 1967, Ernie Banks Ford on Chicago's south side."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "At the same time that Anderson threw the new ball towards second baseman Taylor, Dark threw the original ball to shortstop Ernie Banks."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "Banks was named to the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "As a child, Banks was not very interested in baseball, preferring swimming, basketball and football."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": ", Banks received a visit from Jackie Robinson that influenced his quiet presence in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "Banks was voted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1977, his first year of eligibility."
}
] |
Ernie Banks did only like baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
Ernie Banks
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eddie Clarence Murray (born February 24, 1956), nicknamed \"Steady Eddie\", is a former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman and designated hitter."
}
] |
SY4yuW78BlyqMDBhvIzP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Murray played Little League baseball under coach Clifford Prelow, an ex-Dodger minor leaguer. (In his Hall of Fame induction speech, Murray thanked Prelow for teaching him not just the game of baseball, but love for the game as well.) Prelow remembers that young Murray was a well behaved player."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eddie Clarence Murray (born February 24, 1956), nicknamed \"Steady Eddie\", is a former Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman and designated hitter."
},
{
"section_header": "Outside baseball",
"text": "In 2008, Murray released a charity wine called Eddie Murray 504 Cabernet, a nod to his 504 career home runs, with all of his proceeds donated to the Baltimore Community Foundation."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Cleveland Indians (1994-1996)",
"text": "One of his hits was a single in the bottom of the 11th inning of Game 3 off of Alejandro Peña to score Álvaro Espinoza."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Last seasons (1996–1997)",
"text": "His last home run was with the Angels, hitting one off Bob Tewksbury in the second inning in a 4-3 loss."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Union Craft Brewery in Baltimore makes \"Steady Eddie,\" a wheat IPA named after him."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Murray was named the fifth best first baseman in major league history in the New Bill James Historical Abstract (2010).A bronze statue of Eddie Murray's left-handed hitting stance was unveiled at Oriole Park at Camden Yards on August 11, 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | New York Mets (1992–1993)",
"text": "This was the last time in his career that Murray hit the 100 RBI mark."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career",
"text": "Murray served as the hitting coach for the Cleveland Indians from 2002 to 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Murray was the eighth child of twelve and still has five sisters and four brothers."
}
] |
Eddie Murray was the voice of a not so well behaved donkey in a movie.
| 0 | 0 |
Eddie Murray
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 and 1982–83 seasons, in the top flight of Italian football, known as Serie A"
}
] |
SaL485LZgQqqGrGNphFK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Milan team of 1989–90, nicknamed the \"Immortals\" in the Italian media, has been voted the best club side of all time in a global poll of experts conducted by World Soccer magazine."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Retired numbers",
"text": "* Might be restored for one of his two sons, should either of them play professionally for the club."
},
{
"section_header": "A.C. Milan as a company",
"text": "According to The Football Money League published by consultants Deloitte, in the 2005–06 season, Milan was the fifth-highest earning football club in the world with an estimated revenue of €233.7 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Milan has won a joint record three Intercontinental Cups and one FIFA Club World Cup, seven European Cup/Champions League titles (Italian record), the UEFA Super Cup a joint record five times and the Cup Winners' Cup twice."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1983, Milan won the Serie B title for the second time in three seasons to return to Serie A, where they achieved a sixth-place finish in 1983–84."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Associazione Calcio Milan (Italian pronunciation: [assotʃatˈtsjoːne ˈkaltʃo ˈmiːlan]), commonly referred to as A.C. Milan or simply Milan, is a professional football club in Milan, Italy, founded in 1899."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club is one of the wealthiest in Italian and world football."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "since 1929–30.A.C. Milan's 18 FIFA and UEFA trophies is the fourth highest out of any club (joint with Boca Juniors), and the most out of any Italian club."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "A.C. Milan was founded as Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club in 1899 by"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Despite winning their final 4 games, Milan missed out on the Champions League by 1 point, finishing 5th on 68 points."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 and 1982–83 seasons, in the top flight of Italian football, known as Serie A"
}
] |
Since its founding, A.C. Milan has only missed playing in the highest level of Italian soccer on three occasions / seasons.
| 1 | 3 |
A.C. Milan
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "On July 1, 2018, the film passed $648 million at the worldwide box office, surpassing the $633 million the original film made in its entire theatrical run."
}
] |
SadqDAU3xjETs2i8dtOk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Animation",
"text": "One advantage that Pixar had with Incredibles 2 was the advancement of technology the company had seen since the original film and a team of much more experienced animators."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "One challenge in writing Incredibles 2 was how to deal with the large number of superhero films and television series that had been released since the first film, such as the Marvel Cinematic Universe."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "It was more the family dynamic, and how do superhero things play into that.\" He said he wanted to include some unused ideas from the first film, and that the new story would focus on Helen Parr / Elastigirl."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "It made $71.6 million on its first day, including previews, the best ever for an animated film (besting Dory's $54.7 million by 31%) and 14th-highest all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Animation",
"text": "The studio also used physically based human eye models for the characters for the first time, even if the eyes are larger and more stylized than in real humans."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "On September 2, its 80th day of release, it became the first animated film to gross over $600 million domestically."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Incredibles 2 was named by the National Board of Review as the Best Animated Film of 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "You will with Incredibles 2.\" Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune, gave the film 2.5 out of 4 stars and said, \"Incredibles 2 is content to punch the clock and stick to straight, bombastic action mode."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Following immediately after the events of the first film, the Incredibles and Frozone battle the Underminer who has just appeared to terrorize Municiberg."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Merchandise",
"text": "A Lego video game adaptation of both films was released on the same day as Incredibles 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "On July 1, 2018, the film passed $648 million at the worldwide box office, surpassing the $633 million the original film made in its entire theatrical run."
}
] |
Incredibles 2 made more money than the first film.
| 3 | 4 |
Incredibles 2
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid, and matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico."
}
] |
SairCr9RalfrpLXRAsrh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Club rivalries | Rivalry with A.C. Milan",
"text": "The team against which Barcelona has played the most matches (19), it is also the second most played match in European competitions, tied with Real Madrid–Juventus and both after Real Madrid–Bayern Munich (24)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1978–2000: Núñez and stabilization | The Dream Team era",
"text": "It was ten years after the inception of the youth programme, La Masia, when the young players began to graduate and play for their first team."
},
{
"section_header": "Club rivalries | El derbi Barceloní",
"text": "The founding message of the club was clearly anti-Barcelona, and they disapprovingly saw FC Barcelona as a team of foreigners."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1978: Club de Fútbol Barcelona",
"text": "He was crowned European Footballer of the Year in 1973 during his first season with Barcelona (his second Ballon d'Or win; he won his first while playing for Ajax in 1971)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2014–present: Bartomeu era",
"text": "On 29 May 2017, former player Ernesto Valverde was named as Luis Enrique's successor signing a two-year contract with an option for a further year."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "There are also other facilities, which include: Ciutat Esportiva Joan Gamper (FC Barcelona's training ground) Masia-Centre de Formació Oriol Tort (Residence of young players) Mini Estadi (Home of the reserve team) Palau Blaugrana (FC Barcelona indoor sports arena) Palau Blaugrana 2 (Secondary indoor arena of FC Barcelona) Palau de Gel (FC Barcelona ice rink) S"
},
{
"section_header": "Club rivalries | El derbi Barceloní",
"text": "In recent years the rivalry has become less political, as Espanyol translated its official name and anthem from Spanish to Catalan."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1899–1922: Beginnings",
"text": "On 4 February 1917, the club held its first testimonial match to honour Ramón Torralba, who played from 1913 to 1928."
},
{
"section_header": "Kits and crest",
"text": "In Catalonia the common perception is that the colours were chosen by Joan Gamper and are those of his home team, FC Basel."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1899–1922: Beginnings",
"text": "The match was against local side Terrassa where Barcelona won the match"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid, and matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico."
}
] |
FC Barcelona plays their rival team every year and the match has a classic name.
| 2 | 3 |
FC Barcelona
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche), also referred to as the Chunnel, is a 50.45-kilometre (31.35 mi) railway tunnel that connects Folkestone (Kent, England) with Coquelles (Pas-de-Calais, France), beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover."
}
] |
Saq2ZW4jVz1mfIuOE9f2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The tunnel connects end-to-end with the high-speed railway lines of the LGV Nord in France and High Speed 1 in England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Channel Tunnel (French: Le tunnel sous la Manche), also referred to as the Chunnel, is a 50.45-kilometre (31.35 mi) railway tunnel that connects Folkestone (Kent, England) with Coquelles (Pas-de-Calais, France), beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration | Illegal attempts to cross and deaths",
"text": "Nine migrants from Eritrea have been arrested in connection with this incident."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration",
"text": "An estimated 3,000 to 5,000 migrants were waiting in Calais for a chance to get to England."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering",
"text": "The three bores are connected by cross-passages and piston relief ducts."
},
{
"section_header": "Operation | Usage and services | Passenger traffic volumes",
"text": "Eurostar was initially limited by the lack of a high-speed connection on the British side."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "The vehicle shuttle terminals are at Cheriton (part of Folkestone) and Coquelles, and are connected to the English M20 and French A16 motorways respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Tunnelling",
"text": "The objective was to construct two 7.6-metre-diameter (25 ft) rail tunnels, 30 metres (98 ft) apart, 50 kilometres (31 mi) in length; a 4.8-metre-diameter (16 ft) service tunnel between the two main ones; pairs of 3.3-metre-diameter (11 ft) cross-passages linking the rail tunnels to the service one at 375-metre (1,230 ft) spacing; piston relief ducts 2 metres (7 ft) in diameter connecting the rail tunnels 250 metres (820 ft) apart; two undersea crossover caverns to connect the rail tunnels, with the service tunnel always preceding the main ones by at least 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) to ascertain the ground conditions."
},
{
"section_header": "Unusual traffic | Other",
"text": "In 2009, former F1 racing champion John Surtees drove a Ginetta G50 EV electric sports car prototype from England to France, using the service tunnel, as part of a charity event."
},
{
"section_header": "Regional impact",
"text": "The South East of England is likely to benefit developmentally and socially from faster and cheaper transport to continental Europe, but the benefits are unlikely to be equally distributed throughout the region."
}
] |
The tunnel connects England with Spain.
| 3 | 3 |
Channel Tunnel
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title Brave New World derives from Miranda's speech in William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Act V, Scene"
}
] |
SbQW1gdEhzRBdATNu7g4
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "Brave New World Revisited (Harper & Brothers, US, 1958; Chatto & Windus, UK, 1959), written by Huxley almost thirty years after Brave New World, is a non-fiction work in which Huxley considered whether the world had moved toward or away from his vision of the future from the 1930s."
},
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "In Brave New World Revisited, he concluded that the world was becoming like Brave New World much faster than he originally thought."
},
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "In Huxley's last novel, Island, he again expounds similar ideas to describe a utopian nation, which is generally viewed as a counterpart to Brave New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Sources of names and references",
"text": "The limited number of names that the World State assigned to its bottle-grown citizens can be traced to political and cultural figures who contributed to the bureaucratic, economic, and technological systems of Huxley's age, and presumably those systems in Brave New World."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Brave New World character Mustapha Mond, Resident World Controller of Western Europe, is named after Sir Alfred Mond."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Brave New World was Huxley's fifth novel and first dystopian work."
},
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "The last chapter of the book aims to propose action which could be taken to prevent a democracy from turning into the totalitarian world described in Brave New World."
},
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "He believed when he wrote the original novel that it was a reasonable guess as to where the world might go in the future."
},
{
"section_header": "Brave New World Revisited",
"text": "Brave New World Revisited is different in tone because of Huxley's evolving thought, as well as his conversion to Hindu Vedanta in the interim between the two books."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Big Read. On 5 November 2019, the BBC News listed Brave New World on its list of the 100 most influential novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title Brave New World derives from Miranda's speech in William Shakespeare's The Tempest, Act V, Scene"
}
] |
The 1930s novel Brave New World gets it's name from a line in a play.
| 0 | 0 |
Brave New World
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932, the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963."
}
] |
SbRYWRVPVgHgoAFEuZFt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Reserve team",
"text": "This ended 33 consecutive years of playing in the highest league that the German Football Association permits the second team of a professional football team to play."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Robbery – Robben and Ribery (2007–2019)",
"text": "However, Klinsmann was sacked even before the end of his first season as Bayern trailed Wolfsburg in the league, had lost the quarterfinal of the DFB-Pokal to Bayer Leverkusen, and had been made look silly in the Quarterfinal of the Champions League when FC Barcelona scored four times in the first half of the first leg and"
},
{
"section_header": "Stadiums",
"text": "Bayern played its first training games at the Schyrenplatz in the centre of Munich."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The golden years (1965–1979)",
"text": "He replaced Bayern's offensive style of play with a more disciplined approach, and in doing so achieved the first league and cup double in Bundesliga history in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "The club won this league in its first year, but did not win it again until the beginning of World War I in 1914, which halted all football activities in Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "FC Bayern Munich was founded by members of a Munich gymnastics club (MTV 1879)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | The golden years (1965–1979)",
"text": "In their first Bundesliga season, Bayern finished third and also won the DFB-Pokal."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1900–1965)",
"text": "In the following years, the club won some local trophies and in 1910–11 Bayern joined the newly founded \"Kreisliga\", the first regional Bavarian league."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Other sports | Chess",
"text": "The women play in the 2. Bundesliga, with their biggest success being the rise to the league in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Other departments | Football | Women's team",
"text": "In 2015 they won the Bundesliga for the first time, without any defeat."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Bayern won its first national championship in 1932, the club was not selected for the Bundesliga at its inception in 1963."
}
] |
FC Bayern Munich has played football in the Bundesliga since the year the league was first made.
| 0 | 0 |
FC Bayern Munich
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Juventus Football Club (from Latin: iuventūs, \"youth\"; Italian pronunciation: [juˈvɛntus]), colloquially known as Juventus and Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]), is a professional football club based in Turin, Piedmont, Italy, that competes in the Serie A, the top flight of Italian football."
}
] |
SbU7TvPfZC824H8lpnzk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "The sale of Zinedine Zidane from Juventus to Real Madrid of Spain in 2001 was the world football transfer record at the time, costing the Spanish club around €77.5 million (150 billion lire)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Juventus Football Club (from Latin: iuventūs, \"youth\"; Italian pronunciation: [juˈvɛntus]), colloquially known as Juventus and Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]), is a professional football club based in Turin, Piedmont, Italy, that competes in the Serie A, the top flight of Italian football."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "On 26 July 2016, Argentine forward Gonzalo Higuaín became the third highest football transfer of all-time and highest ever transfer for an Italian club, at the time, when he was signed by Juventus for €90 million from Napoli."
},
{
"section_header": "Club statistics and records",
"text": "The first ever official game participated in by Juventus was in the Third Federal Football Championship, the predecessor of Serie A, against Torinese in a Juventus loss 0–1."
},
{
"section_header": "Financial information",
"text": "According to the Deloitte Football Money League, a research published by consultants Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu on 17 January 2014, Juventus are the ninth-highest earning football club in the world with an estimated revenue of €272.4 million, the most for an Italian club."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1897–1918)",
"text": "The club joined the Italian Football Championship in 1900."
},
{
"section_header": "Financial information",
"text": "The club's training ground was owned by Campi di Vinovo S.p.A, controlled by Juventus Football Club S.p.A. to 71.3%."
},
{
"section_header": "Colours, badge, nicknames and symbols",
"text": "Juventus was the first team in association football history to adopt a star, who added one above their badge in 1958 to represent their tenth Italian Football Championship and Serie A title, and has since become popularized with other clubs as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Financial information",
"text": "The club is also ranked ninth on Forbes' list of the most valuable football clubs in the world with an estimate value of US$850 million (€654 million), making them the second richest association football club in Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Historic four consecutive doubles and nine consecutive league titles (2011–present)",
"text": "On 14 December 2015, Juventus won the Serie A Football Club of the Year award for the 2014–15 season, the fourth time in succession."
}
] |
Juventus F.C. is a Spanish football club.
| 0 | 0 |
Juventus F.C.
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is considered to be one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's \"fathers of the fatherland\", along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini."
}
] |
ScAm23gfhkhBZHu8AfWb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He contributed to the Italian unification and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The expedition was a success and concluded with the annexation of Sicily, Southern Italy, Marche and Umbria to the Kingdom of Sardinia, before the creation of a unified Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Return to Italy | North America and the Pacific",
"text": "At Lima, Garibaldi was generally welcomed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is considered to be one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's \"fathers of the fatherland\", along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Expedition against Rome",
"text": "The fighting ended quickly, as Garibaldi forbade his men to return fire on fellow subjects of the Kingdom of Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Image",
"text": "Garibaldi, along with Giuseppe Mazzini and other Europeans, supported the creation of a European federation."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Final struggle with Austria",
"text": "The sides signed an armistice by which Austria ceded Venetia to Italy, but this result was largely due to Prussia's successes on the northern front."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1848, Garibaldi returned to Italy and commanded and fought in military campaigns that eventually led to Italian unification."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Cultural depictions",
"text": "Garibaldi had asked for financing and volunteers from around the world as he launched his Redshirts in July 1860 to invade Sicily and conquer the Kingdom of Naples for annexation to what would finally become the newly-born Kingdom of Italy with King Victor Emmanuel II."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Return to Italy | North America and the Pacific",
"text": "Figari and Garibaldi bought the Commonwealth in Baltimore, and Garibaldi left New York for the last time in November 1853."
}
] |
Garibaldi was a large figure in the creation of the Kingdom of Italy and was an impressive military general in his time.
| 0 | 4 |
Giuseppe Garibaldi
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Among the teams he built are the 1985 Royals and 1995 Braves, both World Series champions."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Schuerholz was born in [Baltimore], the son of John Schuerholz Sr., who played in the Philadelphia Athletics minor league system from 1937 to 1940."
}
] |
ScZnARrbpKw26DXZhb0N
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The duo of Schuerholz and Cox produced an unprecedented run of success for the franchise, highlighted by the 1995 World Series Championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Among the teams he built are the 1985 Royals and 1995 Braves, both World Series champions."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Schuerholz was born in [Baltimore], the son of John Schuerholz Sr., who played in the Philadelphia Athletics minor league system from 1937 to 1940."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Boland Schuerholz Jr. (; born October 1, 1940) is an American baseball front office executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Before joining Atlanta, he spent 22 years with the Kansas City Royals organization, including nine (1982–1990) as the club's general manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Schuerholz has sent many assistants to general manager positions around the league, including Wren and Braves former GM John Coppolella."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During his time with the Braves, they won three National League pennants and played in five National League Championship series."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Gorman and Schuerholz left for the Royals."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The Baltimore Orioles hired Schuerholz in 1966 as a result of a letter Schuerholz wrote to team owner Jerold Hoffberger."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "This money was used to upgrade the school's baseball facility, which was named after Schuerholz."
}
] |
John Schuerholz is a Maryland born man who has been involved in two World Series organization.
| 0 | 0 |
John Schuerholz
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "The Writer's Guild of America West ranked the show as the 74th best-written TV series of all time."
}
] |
Scb7MzGwakrP9CA4MZW7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "Season one holds a Metacritic score of 75 out of 100, based on 30 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable\" reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception | Critics' top ten lists",
"text": "After its first five seasons, House was included in various critics' top-ten lists; these are listed below in order of rank."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution",
"text": "That same year, House was the top-rated television program in Germany, the number 2 show in Italy, and number 3 in the Czech Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "House received largely positive reviews on its debut; the series was considered a bright spot amid Fox's schedule, which at the time was largely filled with reality shows."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The show received high critical acclaim, and was consistently one of the highest rated series in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "She continued saying \"House used to be one of the best shows on TV, but it's gone seriously off the rails\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Kutner was written out of the series in episode 20 of season 5 after Penn took a position in the Obama White House Office of Public Engagement and Intergovernmental Affairs."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "It holds a Metacritic score of 77 out of 100, based on ten reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast and characters | Main characters",
"text": "Under orders from Cuddy to recruit a new team, House considers 40 doctors."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "House was among the top ten series in the United States from its second season through the fourth season."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "The Writer's Guild of America West ranked the show as the 74th best-written TV series of all time."
}
] |
It is considered one of the top 100 shows by some publications.
| 0 | 0 |
House (TV series)
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Techniques and influences | Ridiculing solemnity",
"text": "Sterne was no friend of gravitas, a quality which excited his disgust."
},
{
"section_header": "Techniques and influences | Ridiculing solemnity",
"text": "Among the subjects of such ridicule were some of the opinions contained in Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy, a book that mentions sermons as the most respectable type of writing, and one that was favoured by the learned."
}
] |
Sd44eLEOPf1yPSiTFnU7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, also known as just Tristram Shandy, is a novel by Laurence Sterne."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence | Abolitionists",
"text": "\" \" he wrote. In July 1766 Sancho's letter was received by Reverend Laurence Sterne shortly after he had just finished writing a conversation between his fictional characters Corporal Trim and his brother Tom in Tristram Shandy, wherein Tom described the oppression of a black servant in a sausage shop in Lisbon, which he had visited."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence",
"text": "The medieval structure still stands today, and is under the care of the Laurence Sterne Trust since its acquisition in the 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "References to Tristram Shandy",
"text": "Well known in philosophy and mathematics, the so-called paradox of Tristram Shandy was introduced by Bertrand Russell in his book The Principles of Mathematics to evidentiate the inner contradictions that arise from the assumption that infinite sets can have the same cardinality—as would be the case with a gentleman who spends one year to write the story of one day of his life, if he were able to write for an infinite length of time."
},
{
"section_header": "References to Tristram Shandy",
"text": "Heinrich Heine (1796–1856) mentioned the book in his writings."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence",
"text": "The novel's success has resulted in permanent additions to the English lexicon; within the text of Tristram Shandy Sterne describes the novel as \"Shandean\", coining a term which still carries the meaning that Sterne originally attached to it when he wrote, \"I write a careless kind of a civil, nonsensical, good humoured Shandean book...\" Strongly influenced by Cervantes' Don Quixote, Sterne's Tristram Shandy also gave rise to the term \"cervantic\" (which Sterne at the time spelled \"cervantick\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis and style",
"text": "A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "References to Tristram Shandy",
"text": "Russian writer Alexander Zhitinsky made multiple references to Tristram Shandy in his novel The Flying House, or Conversations with Milord (the \"milord\" of the title being Sterne)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sterne had read widely, which is reflected in Tristram Shandy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and influence",
"text": "Through time, it has come to be seen as one of the greatest comic novels in English."
},
{
"section_header": "Techniques and influences | Ridiculing solemnity",
"text": "Sterne was no friend of gravitas, a quality which excited his disgust."
},
{
"section_header": "Techniques and influences | Ridiculing solemnity",
"text": "Among the subjects of such ridicule were some of the opinions contained in Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy, a book that mentions sermons as the most respectable type of writing, and one that was favoured by the learned."
}
] |
Through Tristram Shandy, Laurence Sterne mocks 'respectable' writing and serious tone openly.
| 0 | 1 |
Tristram Shandy
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights."
}
] |
SdTuQZ3oBibJ1vE0qwFq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "His depictions of Pamplona, beginning with The Sun Also Rises, helped to popularize the annual running of the bulls at the Festival of St. Fermin."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "During the fiesta the characters drink, eat, watch the running of the bulls, attend bullfights, and bicker with each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "Hemingway would not see a stage or film adaption anytime soon: he sold the film rights to RKO Pictures in 1932, but only in 1956 was the novel adapted to a film of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "In the 1990s, British editions were titled Fiesta: The Sun Also Rises."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "\"The success of The Sun Also Rises guaranteed interest from Broadway and Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Paris and the Lost Generation",
"text": "The first book of The Sun Also Rises is set in mid-1920s Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "Aldridge writes that The Sun Also Rises has kept its appeal because the novel is about being young."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and adaptations",
"text": "Conrad Aiken thought the book was perfect for a film adaptation solely on the strength of dialogue."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "By 1983, The Sun Also Rises had been in print continuously since its publication in 1926, and was likely one of the most translated titles in the world."
}
] |
The Sun Also Rises was a film about the Running of the Bulls.
| 0 | 0 |
The Sun Also Rises
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Post-war career",
"text": "Coward's new plays after the war were moderately successful but failed to match the popularity of his pre-war hits."
}
] |
Sdi5VTU3oLyD8uAJ8xRr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Post-war career",
"text": "He wrote it as his swan song as a stage actor: \"I would like to act once more before I fold my bedraggled wings."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Post-war career",
"text": "Coward's new plays after the war were moderately successful but failed to match the popularity of his pre-war hits."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Inter-war successes",
"text": "And youth pervaded the Savoy last night, applauding everything so boisterously that you felt, not without exhilaration, that you were in the midst of a 'rag'.\" One critic, who noted the influence of Bernard Shaw on Coward's writing, thought more highly of the play than of Coward's newly found fans: \"I was unfortunately wedged in the centre of a group of his more exuberant friends who greeted each of his sallies with 'That's a Noëlism!'"
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Inter-war successes",
"text": "Coward disliked long runs, and after this he made a rule of starring in a play for no more than three months at any venue."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Inter-war successes",
"text": "Coward's last pre-war plays were This Happy Breed, a drama about a working-class family, and Present Laughter, a comic self-caricature with an egomaniac actor as the central character."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reputation and legacy",
"text": "Only one man combined all fourteen different labels – The Master.\" Tynan's was the first generation of critics to realise that Coward's plays might enjoy more than ephemeral success."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and appearances | Plays",
"text": "terms\". The best-known plays of Coward's middle period, the late 1930s and the 40s, Present Laughter, This Happy Breed and Blithe Spirit are more traditional in construction and less unconventional in content."
},
{
"section_header": "Works and appearances | Musicals and revues",
"text": "This was before his first major success as a playwright and actor, in The Vortex, written the following year and staged in 1924."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coward achieved enduring success as a playwright, publishing more than 50 plays from his teens onwards."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Post-war career",
"text": "Sail Away (1961), set on a luxury cruise liner, was Coward's most successful post-war musical, with productions in America, Britain and Australia."
}
] |
Coward's plays after the war were more successful than before the war.
| 0 | 0 |
Noël Coward
|
Geography
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A comprehensive archaeological survey, using advanced technologies, has concluded that the walls built by the Ming dynasty measure 8,850 km (5,500 mi)."
}
] |
Se2th6jkWnAJyWy5rrRk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "The Manchus quickly seized Beijing, and eventually defeated both the rebel-founded Shun dynasty and the remaining Ming resistance, establishing the Qing dynasty rule over all of China."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The most well-known sections of the wall were built by the Ming dynasty (1368–1644)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The frontier walls built by different dynasties have multiple courses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later on, many successive dynasties have built and maintained multiple stretches of border walls."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A comprehensive archaeological survey, using advanced technologies, has concluded that the walls built by the Ming dynasty measure 8,850 km (5,500 mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "As Mongol raids continued periodically over the years, the Ming devoted considerable resources to repair and reinforce the walls."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "During the 1440s–1460s, the Ming also built a so-called \"Liaodong Wall\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early walls",
"text": "Non-Han dynasties also built their border walls: the Xianbei-ruled Northern Wei, the Khitan-ruled Liao, Jurchen Jin and the Tangut-established Western Xia, who ruled vast territories over Northern China throughout centuries, all constructed defensive walls but those were located much to the north of the other Great Walls as we know it, within China's province of Inner Mongolia and in Mongolia itself."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Ming era",
"text": "The Ming had failed to gain a clear upper hand over the Mongolian tribes after successive battles, and the long-drawn conflict was taking a toll on the empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Course | Ming Great Wall",
"text": "Here the first major walls erected during the Ming dynasty cut through the Ordos Desert to the eastern edge of the Yellow River loop."
}
] |
The wall that the Ming dynasty built is over 5000 miles.
| 3 | 8 |
Great Wall of China
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ozymandias\" ( oz-ee-MAN-dee-əs) is the title of two related sonnets published in 1818."
}
] |
Se6HMJlpQpN1VfRmNZsu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "In antiquity, Ozymandias (Ὀσυμανδύας) was a Greek name for the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and publication history | Shelley's poem",
"text": "Shelley's poem was published on 11 January 1818 under the pen name Glirastes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ozymandias\" ( oz-ee-MAN-dee-əs) is the title of two related sonnets published in 1818."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and interpretation | Hubris",
"text": "The name \"Ozymandias\" is a rendering in Greek of a part of Ramesses II's throne name, User-maat-re Setep-en-re."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Shelley and Smith: Two Sonnets on Ozymandias\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "It had been expected to arrive in London in 1818, but did not arrive until 1821."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and publication history | Shelley's poem",
"text": "Shelley's poem was later republished under the title \"Sonnet."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and publication history | Publication history",
"text": "Shelley and Smith both chose a passage from the writings of the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus, which described a massive Egyptian statue and quoted its inscription: \"King of Kings Ozymandias am I."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis and interpretation | Form",
"text": "Shelley's \"Ozymandias\" is a sonnet, written in iambic pentameter, but with an atypical rhyme scheme (ABABA CDCEDEFEF) when compared to other English-language sonnets, and without the characteristic octave-and-sestet structure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Smith's poem was published in The Examiner three weeks after Shelley's, on February 1, 1818."
}
] |
The 1818 sonnet "Ozymandias" is named after an Egyptian pharaoh.
| 0 | 0 |
Ozymandias
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part 1",
"text": "The novel's protagonist, Okonkwo, is famous in the villages of Umuofia for being a wrestling champion, defeating a wrestler nicknamed \"Amalinze The Cat\" (because he never lands on his back)."
}
] |
SeLqASRub4LDLCROURTf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part 1",
"text": "As a result, he often beats his wives and children, and is unkind to his neighbours."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part 1",
"text": "The novel's protagonist, Okonkwo, is famous in the villages of Umuofia for being a wrestling champion, defeating a wrestler nicknamed \"Amalinze The Cat\" (because he never lands on his back)."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "She receives severe beatings from Okonkwo just like his other wives; but unlike them, she is known to talk back to Okonkwo."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Okonkwo, the protagonist, has three wives and ten (total) children, and becomes a leader of his clan."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Unoka is Okonkwo's father, who defied typical Igbo masculinity by neglecting to grow yams, take care of his wives and children, and pay his debts before he dies."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "It has come to be seen as the archetypal modern African novel in English, and is read in Nigeria and throughout Africa."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part 3",
"text": "When the District Commissioner comes to Okonkwo's house to take him to court, he finds that Okonkwo has hanged himself to avoid being tried in a colonial court."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is seen as the archetypal modern African novel in English, and one of the first to receive global critical acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, television, music and theatrical adaptations",
"text": "In 2019, the lyrics of \"No Holiday for Madiba\", a song honoring Nelson Mandela include the phrase, \"things fall apart\", in reference to the book's title."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part 2",
"text": "He wants to be with the missionaries because his beliefs have changed while being introduced to Christianity by Mr. Brown."
}
] |
The book's antagonist, Okonkwo, is famous for beating a wrestler but he is a lover not a fighter, which can be seen with his wives and children.
| 2 | 7 |
Things Fall Apart
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cabell \"Cab\" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor."
}
] |
SeOPJoAHWt9J9Lq0fda9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1930–1955: Success",
"text": "Fredi Washington was cast as Calloway's love interest in Cab Calloway's Hi-De-Ho (1934)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cabell \"Cab\" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography | Select compilations",
"text": ": Blues Makes Me Happy (Coral) 1968: Cab Calloway '68 (Pickwick International) 1974: : Blues Makes Me Happy (Coral) 1968: Cab Calloway '68 (Pickwick International) 1974: Hi De Ho Man (Columbia)1983: Mr. Hi."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Awards and honors",
"text": "1993: Cab Calloway School of the Arts dedicated in his name in Wilmington, Delaware 1995: Inducted into International Jazz Hall of Fame 1999: Grammy Hall of Fame Award for \"Minnie the Moocher\" 2008: Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award 2019"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Awards and honors",
"text": "First run in 2003, The Calloway has since undergone various distance and surface changes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calloway had several hit records in the 1930s and 1940s, becoming known as the \"Hi-de-ho\" man of jazz for his most famous song, \"Minnie the Moocher\", originally recorded in 1931."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "It was disclosed in 2019 that demolition of the abandoned structure, along with the rest of the block, is planned for the creation of a park to be named Cab Calloway Legends Park in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography | Albums",
"text": "Gone Records) 1959: Hi De Hi De Ho (RCA Victor) 1962"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1961–1993: Later years",
"text": "Calloway remained a household name due to TV appearances and occasional concerts in the US and Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriages and children",
"text": "In January 1927, Calloway had a daughter named Camay with Zelma Proctor, a fellow student."
}
] |
Cab Calloway was a Cuban jazz singer who changed his name from Carlos Cortez in 1934.
| 1 | 6 |
Cab Calloway
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed \"Knucksie\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves."
}
] |
SeWDhEJQhao7kPdWTCY8
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "In 1984, he signed with the New York Yankees."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "He was released by the Yankees before the 1986 season started."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In addition, Phil played American Legion Baseball growing up."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "Instead, Niekro struck Burroughs out to end the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "At 46 years, 188 days, Niekro became the oldest pitcher to pitch a shutout in the major leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "On October 6, 1985, Niekro gained entry into the 300 win club with a shutout win over the Toronto Blue Jays."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Cleveland Indians (1986-1987)",
"text": "After two seasons in New York, Niekro pitched for the Cleveland Indians in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "He went on to win 16 games and make his fifth and final All-Star appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "This record stood for nearly 25 years before Jamie Moyer (47 years, 170 days) bested the feat in May 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | New York Yankees (1984-1985)",
"text": "He did not throw his trademark knuckleball throughout the game until the final hitter, former AL MVP Jeff Burroughs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed \"Knucksie\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves."
}
] |
Phil Niekro played most of his career with the New York Yankees.
| 2 | 6 |
Phil Niekro
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference and as deep as 175 metres (574 ft) beneath the France–Switzerland border near Geneva."
}
] |
Sfb1l2fZzg6UWnSwK1F0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundreds of universities and laboratories, as well as more than 100 countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Design",
"text": "The tunnel crosses the border between Switzerland and France at four points, with most of it in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Computing and analysis facilities",
"text": "It is an international collaborative project that consists of a grid-based computer network infrastructure initially connecting 140 computing centres in 35 countries (over 170 in 36 countries as of 2012)."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Detectors",
"text": "Seven detectors have been constructed at the LHC, located underground in large caverns excavated at the LHC's intersection points."
},
{
"section_header": "Operational history | Inaugural tests (2008) | Quench incident",
"text": "Shortly after the incident CERN reported that the most likely cause of the problem was a faulty electrical connection between two magnets, and that – owing to the time needed to warm up the affected sectors and then cool them back down to operating temperature – it would take at least two months to fix."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference and as deep as 175 metres (574 ft) beneath the France–Switzerland border near Geneva."
},
{
"section_header": "Operational history | Run 2: second operational run (2015–2018)",
"text": "On 5 April 2015, the LHC restarted after a two-year break, during which the electrical connectors between the bending magnets were upgraded to safely handle the current required for 7 TeV per beam (14 TeV)."
},
{
"section_header": "Purpose",
"text": "Why are there apparent violations of the symmetry between matter and antimatter?"
},
{
"section_header": "Design",
"text": "Rather than having continuous beams, the protons are bunched together, into up to 2,808 bunches, with 115 billion protons in each bunch so that interactions between the two beams take place at discrete intervals, mainly 25 nanoseconds (ns) apart, providing a bunch collision rate of 40 MHz."
},
{
"section_header": "Popular culture",
"text": "The episode includes actual footage from the repair facility to the inside of the collider, and explanations of the function, engineering, and purpose of the LHC.The Large Hadron Collider was the focus of the 2012 student film Decay, with the movie being filmed on location in CERN's maintenance tunnels."
}
] |
It is located between the border of two European countries.
| 1 | 5 |
Large Hadron Collider
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He spent 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) playing for the St. Louis Cardinals, from 1941-44 and 1946-63."
}
] |
SghdBoWOU4gvx4aadk0l
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Governor Jay Nixon commented: \"Stan Musial was a great American hero who—with the utmost humility—inspired us all to aim high and dream big."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He spent 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) playing for the St. Louis Cardinals, from 1941-44 and 1946-63."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "League Baseball has lost one of its true legends in Stan Musial, a Hall of Famer in every sense and a man who led a great American life\", Commissioner Bud Selig said."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Minor leagues (1938–1941)",
"text": "Musial spent the 1940 season with the Cardinals' other Class D team, the Daytona Beach Islanders, where he developed a lifelong friendship with manager Dickie Kerr."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1946–1963) | 1955–1959",
"text": "Musial entered the game as a pinch hitter in the fourth inning, and played left field as the game entered extra innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stanley Frank Musial (; born Stanislaw Franciszek Musial; November 21, 1920 – January 19, 2013), nicknamed Stan the Man, was an American baseball outfielder and first baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1946–1963) | 1946–1949",
"text": "He approached the 1949 season with the intent to try to hit more home runs, stating he had hit 39 the previous season \"without trying\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1946–1963) | 1955–1959",
"text": "Seeking more revenue for the players' pension fund, Major League Baseball held two All-Star games in a season for the first time through 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1941–1944)",
"text": "He finished the season leading the major leagues in hitting with a .357 batting average and led the NL in hits (220), doubles (48), triples (20), total bases (347), on-base percentage (.425), and slugging percentage (.562)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Major leagues (1941–1944)",
"text": "The Cardinals were in the midst of a pennant race with the Brooklyn Dodgers; in 12 games, Musial collected 20 hits for a .426 batting average."
}
] |
Stan Musial spent more than 20 seasons in the American Major League Baseball.
| 1 | 6 |
Stan Musial
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some also believe that the poem was written in response to the loss of his son, William (born to Mary Shelley) in 1819."
}
] |
ShHg3fhyXNaU0839ivmF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to the West Wind\" is an ode, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1819 near Florence, Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The poem \"Ode to the West Wind\" consists of five sections (cantos) written in terza rima."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | First Canto",
"text": "The first few lines contain personification elements, such as \"leaves dead\" (2), the aspect of death being highlighted by the inversion which puts \"dead\" (2) at the end of the line."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | First Canto",
"text": "However, one must not think of this ode as an optimistic praise of the wind; it is clearly associated with autumn."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Fourth Canto",
"text": "come true is by pain or death, as death leads to rebirth."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Third Canto",
"text": "This refers to the effect of west wind in the water."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Fourth Canto",
"text": "With this knowledge, the West Wind becomes a different meaning."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The Ode is written in iambic pentameter."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Fourth Canto",
"text": "This may be a reference to the years that have passed and \"chained and bowed\" (55) the hope of the people who fought for freedom and were literally imprisoned."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Fourth Canto",
"text": "The author thinks about being one of them and says \"If I were a . . .\" (43 ff.)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some also believe that the poem was written in response to the loss of his son, William (born to Mary Shelley) in 1819."
}
] |
Some people have interpreted Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley to be about the death of child.
| 0 | 0 |
Ode to the West Wind
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founder of the Democratic Party, he had previously served as the ninth governor of New York, the tenth United States secretary of state, and the eighth vice president of the United States."
}
] |
ShKyE5PDB7047IXO0NOE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Jackson administration | Secretary of State",
"text": "Van Buren quickly agreed, and he resigned as governor the following month; his tenure of forty-three days is the shortest of any Governor of New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career | 1828 elections",
"text": "After some initial reluctance, Van Buren chose to run for Governor of New York in the 1828 election."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials and popular culture",
"text": "Van Buren's home in Kinderhook, New York, which he called Lindenwald, is now the Martin Van Buren National Historic Site."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Election of 1844",
"text": "He also convinced Silas Wright to run for Governor of New York so that the popular Wright could help boost Polk in the state."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He ran successfully for Governor of New York in order to support Jackson's campaign, but resigned shortly after Jackson was inaugurated so he could accept appointment as Jackson's Secretary of State."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founder of the Democratic Party, he had previously served as the ninth governor of New York, the tenth United States secretary of state, and the eighth vice president of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1840, a surge of new voters — who nicknamed him \"Martin Van Ruin\" — helped turn out of office."
},
{
"section_header": "Early political career",
"text": "In 1812, Van Buren won his party's nomination for a seat in the New York State Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Van Buren married Hannah Hoes (or Goes) in Catskill, New York, on February 21, 1807."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life | Election of 1848",
"text": "At a convention held in June 1848, in Utica, New York, the Barnburners nominated Van Buren for president."
}
] |
Martin Van Buren was the 9th governor of New York.
| 1 | 4 |
Martin Van Buren
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The building was the first commercial office building in New York City to receive the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, where it won a gold rating."
}
] |
ShZ6BHIh0kKgQQW9Hyxz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "A shipping and receiving ramp, which served the entire World Trade Center complex, occupied the eastern quarter of the 7 World Trade Center footprint."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "Two pedestrian bridges connected the main World Trade Center complex, across Vesey Street, to the third floor of 7 World Trade Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "The final design for 7 World Trade Center was for a much larger building than originally planned when the substation was built."
},
{
"section_header": "New building | Opening",
"text": "Silverstein Properties also has offices and the Silver Suites executive office suites in 7 World Trade Center, along with office space used by the architectural and engineering firms working on 1 World Trade Center, 150 Greenwich Street, 175 Greenwich Street, and 200 Greenwich Street."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "After the World Trade Center bombings of February 26, 1993, New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani decided to situate the emergency command center and associated fuel tanks at 7 World Trade Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "The original 7 World Trade Center was a 47-story building, designed by Emery Roth & Sons, with a red granite facade."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | Design and layout",
"text": "In all, 7 World Trade Center had 1,868,000 sq ft (173,500 m2) of office space."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The building was the first commercial office building in New York City to receive the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification, where it won a gold rating."
},
{
"section_header": "Original building (1987–2001) | 9/11 and collapse | Reports",
"text": "Subsequently, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was authorized to lead an investigation into the structural failure and collapse of the World Trade Center Twin Towers and 7 World Trade Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "7 World Trade Center (7 WTC) refers to two buildings that have existed at the same location within the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan, New York City."
}
] |
The 7 World Trade Center, that replaced the original World Trade Center, received a silver rating for environmental design.
| 0 | 0 |
7 World Trade Center
|
Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cityscape",
"text": "The District is divided into four quadrants of unequal area: Northwest (NW), Northeast (NE), Southeast (SE), and Southwest (SW)."
}
] |
ShghBWCk8P7HCInBQOq2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "The District's four NCAA Division"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Retrocession and the Civil War",
"text": "Therefore, the District's area consists only of the portion originally donated by Maryland."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The creek also formed a portion of the now-filled Washington City Canal, which allowed passage through the city to the Anacostia River from 1815 until the 1850s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1846, Congress returned the land originally ceded by Virginia, including the city of Alexandria; in 1871, it created a single municipal government for the remaining portion of the District."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Crime",
"text": "A 2010 study found that 5% percent of city blocks accounted for more than 25% of the District's total crimes."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Washington is one of 13 cities in the United States with teams from all four major professional men's sports and is home to one major professional women's team."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Half of residents had at least a four-year college degree in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Transportation",
"text": "A portion of the proposed highway funding was directed to the region's public transportation infrastructure instead."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "Blizzards affect Washington on average once every four to six years."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Politics",
"text": "The Attorney General of the District of Columbia is elected to a four-year term."
},
{
"section_header": "Cityscape",
"text": "The District is divided into four quadrants of unequal area: Northwest (NW), Northeast (NE), Southeast (SE), and Southwest (SW)."
}
] |
The district's city portion is split in four.
| 0 | 3 |
Washington, D.C.
|
Geography
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "Residing on the 41st and 42nd floors, the skybridge connects a conference room, an executive dining room and a prayer room."
}
] |
Si9NaPE9BqHwg4lhAvKf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "Residing on the 41st and 42nd floors, the skybridge connects a conference room, an executive dining room and a prayer room."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "The towers feature a double decker skybridge connecting the two towers on the 41st and 42nd floors, which is the highest 2-story bridge in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "Visitors are only allowed on the 41st floor as the 42nd floor can only be used by the tenants of the building."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "Another set of 5 passenger lifts transport passengers to the 41st and 42nd floors where they can switch lifts to reach the upper zones of the buildings, each double-deck passenger lift with the capacity of 52 passengers or, 26 passengers per deck."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "Instead of being directly connected to the towers, the skybridge can shift or slide in and out of them to counterbalance any effect from the wind."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Skybridge",
"text": "The same floor is also known as the podium, since visitors going to higher levels have to change elevators here."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture | Notable events",
"text": "In his first attempt on 20 March 1997, police arrested him at the 60th floor, 28 floors away from the \"summit\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "All main lifts are double-decker with the lower deck of the lift taking passengers to even-numbered floors and upper deck to odd-numbered floors."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Lift system",
"text": "There are 29 double-deck passenger elevators, but there are different sets that service certain floors of the towers, specifically two sets of six of these double-deck passenger elevators to floors 1–23 and 1–37 respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "History and architecture",
"text": "All the completed floors were tested but it was found that only one had used a bad batch and it was demolished."
}
] |
The skybridge of the 41st floor and 42nd floors connects a conference room, am executive dining room and a prayer room.
| 2 | 8 |
Petronas Towers
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Ancestry",
"text": "No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, and no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence, so historians dismiss the claim that Alois' father was Jewish."
}
] |
SiHZ5T21KwYi8OuMvcGX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Ancestry",
"text": "official Hans Frank suggested that Alois' mother had been employed as a housekeeper by a Jewish family in Graz, and that the family's 19-year-old son Leopold Frankenberger had fathered Alois."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Childhood and education",
"text": "After Alois's sudden death on 3 January 1903, Hitler's performance at school deteriorated and his mother allowed him to leave."
},
{
"section_header": "Entry into politics",
"text": "From that moment on, I belonged to Adolf Hitler body and soul."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | World War I",
"text": "On a recommendation by Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann, Hitler's Jewish superior, he received the Iron Cross, First Class on 4 August 1918, a decoration rarely awarded to one of Hitler's Gefreiter rank."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Childhood and education",
"text": "His father beat him, although his mother tried to protect him."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancestry",
"text": "In 1842, Johann Georg Hiedler married Alois's mother Maria Anna."
},
{
"section_header": "The Holocaust",
"text": "The laws stripped all non-Aryans of their German citizenship and forbade the employment of non-Jewish women under the age of 45 in Jewish households."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Early adulthood in Vienna and Munich",
"text": "On 21 December 1907, his mother died of breast cancer at the age of 47, when he himself was 18."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as part of a Jewish conspiracy."
},
{
"section_header": "The Holocaust",
"text": "If the international Jewish financiers in and outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into a world war, then the result will not be the Bolshevisation of the earth, and thus the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe!"
},
{
"section_header": "Ancestry",
"text": "No Frankenberger was registered in Graz during that period, and no record has been produced of Leopold Frankenberger's existence, so historians dismiss the claim that Alois' father was Jewish."
}
] |
Adolf Hitler's mother was Jewish.
| 2 | 4 |
Adolf Hitler
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Early plays",
"text": "Harris began his career on the stage."
}
] |
SiYugsqolU3FeBgkcjMb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "The One Percent with Hilary Swank and Ed Helms."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edward Allen Harris (born November 28, 1950) is an American actor, producer, director, and screenwriter."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "For his lead role as Miles Roby in the 2005 miniseries Empire Falls, Harris was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "Two years later, Harris was nominated for his fourth Academy Award (third in the Best Supporting Actor category) for his role as Richard Brown in the British American drama film The Hours."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Harris received an honorary degree from Muhlenberg College on May 17, 2015.Harris is one of several actors who have been dubbed \"the thinking woman's sex symbol\" (others include Hugh Laurie and Denzel Washington)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "They have one daughter, Lily Dolores Harris (born May 3, 1993).On March 20, 2012, the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (AFTRA) merged to form a new union, SAG-AFTRA."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "In 1998, his co starring role in The Truman Show earned him a second nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, and a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture win."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "He won the Valladolid International Film Festival Award for Best Actor for his performance in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "He was nominated for his first Academy Award for Best Actor (and third Oscar overall) for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Subsequent success and acting career",
"text": "He also won the Theatre World Award and Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actor in a Play for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early plays",
"text": "Harris began his career on the stage."
}
] |
Ed Harris started off as a live in-person actor.
| 0 | 0 |
Ed Harris
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story of the book primarily concerns the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion and obsession with the beautiful former debutante Daisy Buchanan."
}
] |
Sicixe01W40bU4OV2JrW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story of the book primarily concerns the young and mysterious millionaire Jay Gatsby and his quixotic passion and obsession with the beautiful former debutante Daisy Buchanan."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "One evening, Nick dines with his distant relative, Daisy Buchanan, in the fashionable town of East Egg."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Daisy is married to Tom Buchanan, formerly a Yale football star whom Nick knew during his college days."
},
{
"section_header": "Alternative titles",
"text": "Another difference is that the argument between Tom Buchanan and Gatsby is more even, although Daisy still returns to Tom."
},
{
"section_header": "Contemporary reception",
"text": "Generally the most effusive of the positive reviews was Edwin Clark of The New York Times, who felt the novel was \"A curious book, a mystical, glamourous story of today."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "He is obsessed with Daisy Buchanan, a beautiful debutante whom he met when he was a young military officer stationed at the Army's Camp Taylor in Louisville, Kentucky, during World War I. Gatsby"
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Buchanan and Mitchell were both Chicagoans with an interest in polo."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical analysis | Themes | Gender relations",
"text": "Although early scholars viewed the character of Daisy Buchanan to be a \"monster of bitchery,\" later scholars such as Leland S. Person, Jr. asserted that Daisy's character exemplifies the marginalization of women in the East Egg social milieu that Fitzgerald depicts."
},
{
"section_header": "Cover art",
"text": "They look out of no face, but instead, from a pair of enormous yellow spectacles which pass over a non-existent nose.\" Although this passage has some resemblance to the painting, a closer explanation can be found in the description of Daisy Buchanan as the \"girl whose disembodied face floated along the dark cornices and blinding signs.\" Years later, Ernest Hemingway wrote in A Moveable Feast that when Fitzgerald lent him a copy of The Great Gatsby to read, he immediately disliked the cover, but \"Scott told me not to be put off by it, that it had to do with a billboard along a highway in Long Island that was important in the story."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "She is Nick's second cousin once removed, and the wife of Tom Buchanan."
}
] |
The story of the book is primarily about Daisy Buchanan.
| 2 | 5 |
The Great Gatsby
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The name of the company, Adobe, comes from Adobe Creek in Los Altos, California, which ran behind Warnock's house."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "That creek is so named because of the type of clay found there, which alludes to the creative nature of the company's software."
}
] |
Sj2xpX9ouRBZDKisX0TO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October 2018, Adobe officially changed its name from Adobe Systems Incorporated to Adobe Inc."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In October 2008, Adobe Systems Canada Inc. was named one of \"Canada's Top 100 Employers\" by Mediacorp Canada Inc. and was featured in Maclean's newsmagazine."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In the same year, Adobe acquired LaserTools Corp and Compution Inc."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The name of the company, Adobe, comes from Adobe Creek in Los Altos, California, which ran behind Warnock's house."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "That creek is so named because of the type of clay found there, which alludes to the creative nature of the company's software."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Inc. In 1994, Adobe acquired Aldus and added PageMaker and After Effects to its product line later in the year; it also controls the TIFF file format."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Security",
"text": "Observers noted that Adobe was spying on its customers by including spyware in the Creative Suite 3 software and quietly sending user data to a firm named Omniture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adobe Inc. ( ə-DOH-bee), is an American multinational computer software company headquartered in San Jose, California, and incorporated in Delaware."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In July 2010, Adobe bought Day Software integrating their line of CQ Products: WCM, DAM, SOCO, and MobileIn January 2011, Adobe acquired DemDex, Inc. with the intent of adding DemDex's audience-optimization software to its online marketing suite."
},
{
"section_header": "Products",
"text": "Graphic design software Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Pagemaker, Adobe Lightroom, Adobe InDesign, Adobe InCopy, Adobe ImageReady, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Freehand, Adobe FrameMaker, Adobe Fireworks, Adobe Acrobat, Adobe XD"
}
] |
Adobe Inc. was named after the pond that was near the creator's hometown.
| 0 | 0 |
Adobe Inc.
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Major strategies",
"text": "There are six major parasitic strategies, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism, trophically transmitted parasitism, vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation."
}
] |
SjAd71ZYRp6633ZEuGeh
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taxonomic range | Animals",
"text": "Parasitism is widespread in the animal kingdom, and has evolved independently from free-living forms hundreds of times."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary ecology | Coevolution | Coevolution favouring mutualism",
"text": "This process may have been involved in the symbiogenesis which formed the eukaryotes from an intracellular relationship between archaea and bacteria, though the sequence of events remains largely undefined."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Social parasitism",
"text": "Intraspecific social parasitism occurs in parasitic nursing, where some individual young take milk from unrelated females."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Social parasitism",
"text": "An extreme example of interspecific social parasitism is found in the ant Tetramorium inquilinum, an obligate parasite which lives exclusively on the backs of other Tetramorium ants."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Brood parasitism",
"text": "In brood parasitism, the hosts act as parents as they raise the young as their own."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Major strategies | Parasitic castrators",
"text": "Parasitic castrators partly or completely destroy their host's ability to reproduce, diverting the energy that would have gone into reproduction into host and parasite growth, sometimes causing gigantism in the host."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Social parasitism",
"text": "A mechanism for the evolution of social parasitism was first proposed by Carlo Emery in 1909."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Brood parasitism",
"text": "The eggs of some brood parasites mimic those of their hosts, while some cowbird eggs have tough shells, making them hard for the hosts to kill by piercing, both mechanisms implying selection by the hosts against parasitic eggs."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Major strategies | Parasitic castrators",
"text": "The host's other systems are left intact, allowing it to survive and sustain the parasite."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Variations | Brood parasitism",
"text": "Brood parasites include birds in different families such as cowbirds, whydahs, cuckoos, and black-headed ducks."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolutionary strategies | Major strategies",
"text": "There are six major parasitic strategies, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism, trophically transmitted parasitism, vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation."
}
] |
There are 6 main Parasite forms.
| 0 | 0 |
Parasite
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Walter Francis O'Malley (October 9, 1903 – August 9, 1979) was an American sports executive who owned the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers team in Major League Baseball from 1950 to 1979."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1958, as owner of the Dodgers, he brought major league baseball to the West Coast, moving the Dodgers from Brooklyn to Los Angeles despite the Dodgers being the second most profitable team in baseball from 1946–1956, and coordinating the move of the New York Giants to San Francisco at a time when there were no teams west of Kansas City, Missouri."
}
] |
SjjvbugN5tEuJDjtPTvN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Retirement from presidency",
"text": "O'Malley felt the price wars would be the downfall of baseball because the fans only have so much money."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Other controversies and management philosophy",
"text": "O'Malley liked clubhouse turmoil only slightly less than free agent disloyalty."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Other controversies and management philosophy",
"text": "Then Lasorda, who had been a long-time employee in as a coach and minor league baseball manager, took over as manager for another 20 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Other controversies and management philosophy",
"text": "In the 1960s, O'Malley attempted to buy out the contract of Shigeo Nagashima of the Tokyo Yomiuri Giants from Matsutaro Shoriki."
},
{
"section_header": "Pre-baseball career",
"text": "Subsequently, Walter started the Walter F. O'Malley Engineering Company and published the Subcontractors Register with his uncle, Joseph O'Malley (1893–1985).Walter eventually concentrated on the field of law, starting with work on wills and deeds."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Control",
"text": "Robinson liked to argue with umpires, and Alston rarely did so."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers",
"text": "Daily News columnist Jimmy Powers would deride Rickey for selling off players and for general miserliness."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "He needed another team to go with him, for had he moved out west alone,"
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Control",
"text": "O'Malley tried to raise money and get the political backing to build a new ballpark elsewhere in Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Edwin O'Malley encouraged Walter to break off his engagement, and after Walter refused his parents did not attend the wedding."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Walter Francis O'Malley (October 9, 1903 – August 9, 1979) was an American sports executive who owned the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers team in Major League Baseball from 1950 to 1979."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1958, as owner of the Dodgers, he brought major league baseball to the West Coast, moving the Dodgers from Brooklyn to Los Angeles despite the Dodgers being the second most profitable team in baseball from 1946–1956, and coordinating the move of the New York Giants to San Francisco at a time when there were no teams west of Kansas City, Missouri."
}
] |
Walter O'Malley is another guy that didn't ever play baseball professionally, but is now a part of the sport's 'history' because he had enough money to buy and sell people like commodities.
| 0 | 0 |
Walter O'Malley
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 1995–96",
"text": "In 1995, the Atlanta Braves won Cox's only World Series championship, over the Cleveland Indians."
}
] |
Sjnm2iCx1vmQFzfbpkIg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "He won a World Series Championship in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 1991",
"text": "It was the second World Series in which the home team won every game."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 1995–96",
"text": "In 1995, the Atlanta Braves won Cox's only World Series championship, over the Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 1991",
"text": "The two teams met in the 1991 World Series, which the Twins won in seven games."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Atlanta Braves have since retired the number 6 in commemoration of Bobby Cox."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led the Atlanta Braves to the World Series championship in 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 1997–2001",
"text": "The Braves made it back to the World Series in 1999, but lost to the defending World Series Champion New York Yankees in four straight games."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1986–2010) | 2002–2010",
"text": "On October 2, 2010, the Atlanta Braves honored Bobby Cox at Turner Field in a sold-out game."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Bobby Cox is married to Pamela and has eight children."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "\"Cox is also the only person among all players and managers to be ejected from two World Series games (1992 and 1996)."
}
] |
Bobby Cox won multiple World Series with the Atlanta Braves.
| 0 | 0 |
Bobby Cox
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Gardner Radbourn (December 11, 1854 – February 5, 1897), nicknamed \"Old Hoss\", was an American professional baseball pitcher who played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
}
] |
SkSrhYBMy2ZkqMXyVuDi
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1855, the Radbourn family moved to Bloomington, Illinois, where Radbourn was raised."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Radbourn was born on December 11, 1854, in Rochester, New York, the second of eight children to Charles and Caroline (Gardner) Radbourn."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Radbourn was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Radbourn was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Providence Grays | 1884 season | Statistical notes",
"text": "all credit Radbourn with 60 wins (against 12 losses)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After a one-year stint with the club, Radbourn joined the Providence \"Grays."
},
{
"section_header": "Providence Grays | 1884 season",
"text": "Early in the season, Radbourn shared pitching duties with Charlie Sweeney."
},
{
"section_header": "Providence Grays | 1884 season | Statistical notes",
"text": "The official scorer decided that Radbourn had pitched the most effectively, and awarded him the win."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Radbourn is also known for being the first person photographed gesturing the middle finger."
},
{
"section_header": "Providence Grays | 1881–1883 seasons",
"text": "Radbourn pitched 325.1 innings and compiled a win-loss record of 25-11."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles Gardner Radbourn (December 11, 1854 – February 5, 1897), nicknamed \"Old Hoss\", was an American professional baseball pitcher who played 12 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
}
] |
Radbourn was called "Young Buck."
| 0 | 0 |
Charles Radbourn
|
Geography
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Areas | World Showcase | Alcohol policy",
"text": "Unlike Magic Kingdom, which up until 2012 did not serve alcohol and now only serves it in all table service locations, most stores and restaurants at Epcot, especially in the World Showcase, serve and/or sell a variety of alcoholic beverages including specialty drinks, craft beers, wines, and spirits reflective of the respective countries."
}
] |
SkUxMZkPrvsvfseHc0uF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Areas",
"text": "The International Gateway is directly accessible to guests arriving from the Disney Skyliner and the nearby Epcot Area Resorts and Disney's Hollywood Studios."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970s: Concept evolves into park",
"text": "Because the idea of EPCOT was never implemented, Disney remained almost the sole landowner in the district allowing it to maintain control of the RCID and the cities of Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista; Disney further cemented this control by deannexing Celebration from the RCID."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2019, Epcot hosted 12.444 million guests, ranking it as the fourth-most-visited theme park in North America and the seventh-most-visited theme park in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Annual events",
"text": "Guests can meet gardening experts and learn new ideas they can use in their own home gardens."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970s: Concept evolves into park",
"text": "However, the idea of EPCOT was instrumental in prompting the state of Florida to create the Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID) and the cities of Bay Lake and Reedy Creek (now Lake Buena Vista), a legislative mechanism allowing Disney to exercise governmental powers over Walt Disney World."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010-present: Transformation and redesign | World Discovery",
"text": "The dormant Wonders of Life pavilion will be renovated into Play!, an attraction where guests will interact with popular Disney characters in various activities."
},
{
"section_header": "The Official Album of Walt Disney World EPCOT Center",
"text": "The Official Album of Walt Disney World EPCOT Center was the official album for EPCOT Center in 1983."
},
{
"section_header": "Annual events",
"text": "The World Showcase pavilions feature storytellers describing their nation's holiday traditions, and three nightly performances of the \"Candlelight Processional\" featuring an auditioned mass choir and a celebrity guest narrating the story of Christmas."
},
{
"section_header": "Areas | World Showcase | The World Showcase Adventure",
"text": "The attraction is an electronic scavenger hunt that has guests using special \"Kimmunicators\" (in actuality, customized cell phones) to help teenage crime-fighters Kim Possible and Ron Stoppable solve a \"crime\" or disrupt an evil-doer's \"plans for global domination."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2010-present: Transformation and redesign",
"text": "The park's name will change from \"Epcot\" to \"EPCOT\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Areas | World Showcase | Alcohol policy",
"text": "Unlike Magic Kingdom, which up until 2012 did not serve alcohol and now only serves it in all table service locations, most stores and restaurants at Epcot, especially in the World Showcase, serve and/or sell a variety of alcoholic beverages including specialty drinks, craft beers, wines, and spirits reflective of the respective countries."
}
] |
Guests are not allowed to ingest inebriating fluids in Epcot.
| 4 | 6 |
Epcot
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His military service complete, Doby returned to baseball in 1946, and along with teammate Monte Irvin, helped the Eagles win the Negro League World Series."
}
] |
SkXxhEpaIZsm1XwvPCIZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Nippon baseball (1962)",
"text": "That year, Doby came out of retirement and became one of the first Americans to play professional baseball in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball league when he and Don Newcombe, a former teammate with the Newark Eagles, signed contracts with the Chunichi Dragons."
},
{
"section_header": "Negro leagues and World War II",
"text": "On May 31, Doby appeared in his first professional game when the Eagles played against the New York Cubans at Yankee Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Nippon baseball (1962)",
"text": "After the season, Doby returned to the U.S. in October and resumed his work as a liquor retailer."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial and executive appointments",
"text": "After Robinson's hire as manager, Doby returned to work for the Expos."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During summer vacation Doby played baseball with a black semi-pro team, the Smart Sets, where he played with future Hall of Fame shortstop Monte Irvin."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Larry played out his career with dignity and then slid gracefully into various front-office positions in basketball and then later in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Integration of American League (1947)",
"text": "Noted former player Rogers Hornsby said, after watching Doby play one time in 1947: Bill Veeck did the Negro race no favor when he signed Larry Doby to a Cleveland contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Integration of American League (1947)",
"text": "\"I walked down that line, stuck out my hand, and very few hands came back in return."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 17 years of age, he began his professional baseball career with the Newark Eagles as the team's second baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League Baseball career | Later years (1956–1960)",
"text": "\"You know, when we dealt for Doby, we weren't worried about Larry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His military service complete, Doby returned to baseball in 1946, and along with teammate Monte Irvin, helped the Eagles win the Negro League World Series."
}
] |
Larry Doby was injured during WWII and unable to return to playing professional baseball.
| 0 | 0 |
Larry Doby
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "Justin Davidson of New York magazine has criticized Glass, saying, \"Glass never had a good idea he didn't flog to death: He repeats the haunting scale 30 mind-numbing times, until it's long past time to go home.\" Richard Schickel of Time criticized Glass's score for The Hours, saying, \"This ultimately proves insufficient to lend meaning to their lives or profundity to a grim and uninvolving film, for which Philip Glass unwittingly provides the perfect score—tuneless, oppressive, droning, painfully self-important."
}
] |
Sl1gBMiCkYDwijJsZaGS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "Tape 2: Philip Glass. Produced and directed by Robert Ashley Philip Glass, from Four American Composers (1983); directed by Peter Greenaway"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Glass, Philip (1987). Music by Philip Glass."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1937–1964: Beginnings, early education and influences",
"text": "He studied the flute as a child at the university-preparatory school of the Peabody Institute."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1975–79: Another Look at Harmony: The Portrait Trilogy",
"text": "The piece was praised by The Washington Post as \"one of the seminal artworks of the century\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "A Composer's Notes: Philip Glass and the Making of an Opera (1985); directed by Michael Blackwood"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1937–1964: Beginnings, early education and influences",
"text": "At the age of 15, he entered an accelerated college program at the University of Chicago where he studied mathematics and philosophy."
},
{
"section_header": "Documentaries about Glass",
"text": "Looking Glass (2005); directed by Éric Darmon Glass: A Portrait of Philip in Twelve Parts (2007) ; directed by Scott Hicks"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Glass founded the Philip Glass Ensemble, with which he still performs on keyboards."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life, friends, and collaborators",
"text": "In 1987, he co-founded the Tibet House US with Columbia University professor Robert Thurman and the actor Richard Gere at the request of the 14th Dalai Lama."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer and pianist."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "Justin Davidson of New York magazine has criticized Glass, saying, \"Glass never had a good idea he didn't flog to death: He repeats the haunting scale 30 mind-numbing times, until it's long past time to go home.\" Richard Schickel of Time criticized Glass's score for The Hours, saying, \"This ultimately proves insufficient to lend meaning to their lives or profundity to a grim and uninvolving film, for which Philip Glass unwittingly provides the perfect score—tuneless, oppressive, droning, painfully self-important."
}
] |
Philip Glass is universally praised.
| 1 | 3 |
Philip Glass
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1558, Catholic Queen Mary dies from a cancerous tumour in her uterus."
}
] |
SlAS3oRkdBIrAGEdwwIZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mary's Protestant half-sister, Elizabeth, under house arrest for conspiracy charges, is freed and crowned the Queen of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Under Elizabeth's orders, Walsingham apprehends the priest, who divulges the names of the conspirators and a Vatican agreement to elevate Norfolk to the English crown if he weds Mary, Queen of Scots."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Walsingham arrests Norfolk and executes him and every conspirator except Lord Robert."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "For instance, the film depicts Mary I of England as being pregnant prior to Elizabeth's imprisonment."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1558, Catholic Queen Mary dies from a cancerous tumour in her uterus."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Proclaiming herself married to England, she ascends the throne as \"the Virgin Queen.\" The costuming and shot composition of the coronation scene are based on Elizabeth's coronation portrait."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "Mary of Guise was not assassinated by Walsingham, but died naturally from edema on 11 June 1560.William Cecil, Baron Burghley was portrayed by the 75-year-old Richard Attenborough in the film, but the real Lord Burghley was only 37 years old when Elizabeth was crowned, thirteen years older than her."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical accuracy",
"text": "When the Queen did not deliver, Elizabeth remained at court through 18 October 1555 until after it had become apparent that Mary was not pregnant and after the Queen's husband Philip II of Spain had gone abroad."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elizabeth is a 1998 British biographical drama film written by Michael Hirst, directed by Shekhar Kapur, and starring Cate Blanchett in the title role of Queen Elizabeth I of England, alongside Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes, John Gielgud, Fanny Ardant, and Richard Attenborough."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In response to the Act's passage, the Vatican sends a priest to England to aid Norfolk and his cohorts in their growing plot to overthrow Elizabeth."
}
] |
Elizabeth crowned as Queen of England after she conspiratorially has Mary executed.
| 1 | 1 |
Elizabeth (film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Sam Crawford and Ty Cobb were teammates for parts of thirteen seasons."
}
] |
SlrzH2l91Q42dw55u4bO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Crawford was an established star when Cobb arrived, and Cobb eagerly sought his advice."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Sam Crawford and Ty Cobb were teammates for parts of thirteen seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "Cobb used that friendship to his advantage."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "Near the end of the season, Cobb's Tigers had a long series against Jackson's Cleveland Naps."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "perks not offered to Crawford."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Cobb was not popular with his teammates, and as Cobb became the biggest star in baseball, Crawford was unhappy with the preferential treatment given to Cobb."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Crawford learned about the letter in 1946 and accused Cobb of being a \"cheapskate\" who never helped his teammates."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "He said that Cobb had not been a very good fielder, \"so he blamed me.\" Crawford denied intentionally trying to deprive Cobb of stolen bases, insisting that Cobb had \"dreamed that up\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "They played beside each other in right and center field, and Crawford followed Cobb in the batting order year after year."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalry with Sam Crawford",
"text": "Although they may not have spoken to each other, Cobb and Crawford developed an ability to communicate non-verbally with looks and nods on the base paths."
}
] |
After 14 long seasons together, Crawford and Cobb established a friendship.
| 0 | 0 |
Ty Cobb
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is about three United States servicemen re-adjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell."
}
] |
SmAH6haPB9ylXbYZYzVb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1989, The Best Years of Our Lives was one of the first 25 films selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and honors",
"text": "In 1989, the National Film Registry selected it for preservation in the United States Library of Congress as \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film is about three United States servicemen re-adjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He is promoted to vice president in charge of small loans, as the president views his military experience as valuable in dealing with other returning servicemen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Best Years of Our Lives won seven Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Director (William Wyler), Best Actor (Fredric March),"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Several decades later, film critic David Thomson offered tempered praise: \"I would concede that Best Years is decent and humane... acutely observed, despite being so meticulous a package."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Upon its release, The Best Years of Our Lives received extremely positive reviews from critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Best Years of Our Lives has a 96% \"Fresh\" rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 56 reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Radio adaptation",
"text": "On April 17, 1949, Screen Directors Playhouse presented The Best Years of Our Lives on NBC."
}
] |
The 1946 The Best Years of Our Lives about servicemen coming back after serving in the military was one of the early films to be entered into the Library of Congress.
| 0 | 0 |
The Best Years of Our Lives
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Quakers, also called Friends, are a historically Christian denomination known formally as the Religious Society of Friends or Friends Church."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Immigration into North America",
"text": "The persecution of Quakers in North America began in July 1656 when English Quaker missionaries Mary Fisher and Ann Austin"
}
] |
SmB3QUfg5rNybfmJaPyE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Beginnings in England",
"text": "With the restructuring of the family and household came new roles for women; Fox and Fell viewed the Quaker mother as essential to developing \"holy conversation\" in her children and husband."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Immigration into North America",
"text": "The persecution of Quakers in North America began in July 1656 when English Quaker missionaries Mary Fisher and Ann Austin"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Splits",
"text": "Around the time of the American Revolutionary War, some American Quakers split from the main Society of Friends over issues such as support for the war, forming groups such as the Free Quakers and the Universal Friends."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Beginnings in England",
"text": "During and after the English Civil War (1642–1651) many dissenting Christian groups emerged, including the Seekers and others."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Friends and slavery",
"text": "But until the American Revolutionary War, it was fairly common for Friends in Colonial America to own slaves."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The first Quakers lived in mid-17th-century England."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conscientious objection",
"text": "During World War I and World War II, Friends' opposition to war was put to the test."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conscientious objection",
"text": "Birmingham in England had a strong Quaker community during the war."
},
{
"section_header": "National and international divisions and organisation | North and South America",
"text": "FGC is theologically the most liberal of the three groups, while EFCI is the most evangelical."
},
{
"section_header": "National and international divisions and organisation | Europe",
"text": "The number has declined steadily since the mid-20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Quakers, also called Friends, are a historically Christian denomination known formally as the Religious Society of Friends or Friends Church."
}
] |
Quakers is a religious group that came about after a war in the mid 1600s and came to America in 1656.
| 2 | 7 |
Quakers
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "Coal accounts for 70% of primary energy production, followed by hydroelectric power with 17%."
}
] |
SmRoQ5sEd4vwsuii48mM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "North Korea's long-term objective is to curb fossil fuel usage and reach an output of 5 million kilowatts from renewable sources by 2044, up from its current total of 430,000 kilowatts from all sources."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "North Korea's energy infrastructure is obsolete and in disrepair."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The longest river is the Amnok (Yalu) River which flows for 790 kilometers (491 mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics",
"text": "His grandfather Kim Il-sung, the founder and leader of North Korea until his death in 1994, is the country's \"eternal President\", while his father Kim Jong-il who succeeded Kim Il-sung as the leader was announced \"Eternal General Secretary\" and \"Eternal Chairman of the National Defence Commission\" after his death in 2011.According to the Constitution of North Korea, there are officially three main branches of government."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "North Korea has some 5,200 kilometers of railways mostly in standard gauge which carry 80% of annual passenger traffic and 86% of freight, but electricity shortages undermine their efficiency."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "After the division of the country into North and South Korea, the two sides used different terms to refer to Korea: Chosun or Joseon (조선) in North Korea, and Hanguk (한국) in South Korea."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "North Korea is generally viewed as a totalitarian Stalinist dictatorship, particularly noting the elaborate cult of personality around the Kim dynasty."
},
{
"section_header": "Society | Formal ranking of citizens' loyalty",
"text": "There are 3 main classifications and about 50 sub-classifications."
},
{
"section_header": "Society | Health",
"text": "According to a 2003 report by the United States Department of State, almost 100% of the population has access to water and sanitation."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "Transport infrastructure includes railways, highways, water and air routes, but rail transport is by far the most widespread."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "Coal accounts for 70% of primary energy production, followed by hydroelectric power with 17%."
}
] |
The use of flowing water to generate electricity is the main source of energy of North Korea.
| 4 | 7 |
North Korea
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He made a tremendous change in the game, opening up the West Coast to Major League Baseball.\" When asked how he wanted to be remembered, O'Malley said, \"for planting a tree."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "\" Following the 1957 Major League Baseball season, he moved the Dodgers to Los Angeles, and New York's Dodgers fans felt betrayed."
}
] |
SmV540Y5ebQcYDni3Q7e
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Walter Francis O'Malley (October 9, 1903 – August 9, 1979) was an American sports executive who owned the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers team in Major League Baseball from 1950 to 1979."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Retirement from presidency",
"text": "Supposedly Major League Baseball instructed the Dodgers not to surrender such a clause for the good of the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "He made a tremendous change in the game, opening up the West Coast to Major League Baseball.\" When asked how he wanted to be remembered, O'Malley said, \"for planting a tree."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "The dual moves broke the hearts of New York's National League fans but ultimately were successful for both franchises – and for Major League Baseball as a whole."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "In the years following the move of the New York clubs, Major League Baseball added two completely new teams in California, as well as two in Texas, two in Canada, two in Florida, one each in the Twin Cities, Denver, and Phoenix, and two teams at separate times in Seattle."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "During the first year after the move, the Dodgers made $500,000 more profit than any other Major League Baseball team and paid off all of their debts."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "\" Following the 1957 Major League Baseball season, he moved the Dodgers to Los Angeles, and New York's Dodgers fans felt betrayed."
},
{
"section_header": "Pre-baseball career",
"text": "Subsequently, Walter started the Walter F. O'Malley Engineering Company and published the Subcontractors Register with his uncle, Joseph O'Malley (1893–1985).Walter eventually concentrated on the field of law, starting with work on wills and deeds."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Move to Los Angeles",
"text": "The National League returned to New York with the introduction of the New York Mets four years after the Dodgers and Giants had departed for California."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodgers | Other controversies and management philosophy",
"text": "third baseman Ron Cey was the longest-running intact infield in major league history."
}
] |
Walter O'Malley is responsible for bringing major league baseball to California.
| 0 | 0 |
Walter O'Malley
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "On Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 77% based on 275 reviews, with an average score of 7.13/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating to reviews, the film has a score of 65 out of 100, based on 41 critics, indicating \"generally favourable reviews\"."
}
] |
SnD3E5va9ODMNn8mJLTF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Part 1 was filmed back-to-back with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 is a 2010 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "Instead, Alexandre Desplat was hired to compose the score for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 was nominated for Best Art Direction and Best Visual Effects at the 83rd Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\" On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating to reviews, the film has a score of 65 out of 100, based on 41 critics, indicating \"generally favourable reviews\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"Keith Uhlich of Time Out New York named Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 the seventh-best film of 2010, calling it an \"elatingly downbeat blockbuster\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Marketing",
"text": "On the same day, the Warner Bros. Harry Potter website was updated to reveal twelve miniature clips from the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "On Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 77% based on 275 reviews, with an average score of 7.13/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and is followed by the concluding entry, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "In total overseas earnings, it surpassed Philosopher's Stone ($657.2 million) to become the highest grossing Harry Potter film overseas."
}
] |
The film, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1, earned stellar reviews from online rating websites.
| 2 | 5 |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Iván Rodríguez Torres (born November 27, 1971), nicknamed \"Pudge\", is a former Major League Baseball catcher."
}
] |
SncPTrvWg2p8i87ea3sE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minor leagues",
"text": "At the beginning of the 1991 season, Rodriguez played 50 games with the Tulsa Drillers, a AA team, where he batted .274 in 175 at-bats."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement and honors",
"text": "On August 12, the Rangers retired his jersey, with the team (and the opponent, the Houston Astros) wearing throwback jerseys to the 1999 era in which Rodriguez played."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Texas Rangers",
"text": "His nine home runs in April matched a team record that was shared (through 2008) with Alex Rodriguez (2002), Carl Everett (2003), and Ian Kinsler (2007)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "That same night, having been called up from double A (Rodriguez bypassed AAA) by the Texas Rangers, Rodríguez made his major league debut, in which he threw out two White Sox would-be base stealers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Iván Rodríguez Torres (born November 27, 1971), nicknamed \"Pudge\", is a former Major League Baseball catcher."
}
] |
Rodriguez was sometimes referred to as "Pudge".
| 1 | 4 |
Iván Rodríguez
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 90th Academy Awards, it received eight nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director (Nolan's first Oscar nomination for directing); it went on to win for Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing."
}
] |
SnmpIIcLf9agKdKoonOP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received eight nominations at the 23rd Critics' Choice Awards, winning for Best Editing, eight at the 71st British Academy Film Awards, winning for Best Sound, and three at the 75th Golden Globe Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It also won the Best Sound award at the 71st British Academy Film Awards as well as seven nominations: for Best Film, Best Direction, Best Original Music, Best Cinematography, Best Editing, Best Production Design, and Best Special Visual Effects."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "At the 90th Academy Awards, it was awarded Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing, with five further nominations for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Cinematography, Best Original Score, and Best Production Design."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dunkirk is a 2017 war film written, directed, and produced by Christopher Nolan that depicts the Dunkirk evacuation of World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dunkirk portrays the evacuation from three perspectives: land, sea, and air."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "At the 75th Golden Globe Awards, it received three nominations, for Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, and Best Original Score."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 90th Academy Awards, it received eight nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director (Nolan's first Oscar nomination for directing); it went on to win for Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Peter Travers of Rolling Stone awarded it his first four-star rating of 2017 as \"maybe the greatest war film ever\", adding: \"There's little doubt that [Nolan] has, without sentimentality or sanctimony, raised [the survival film]"
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Dunkirk received a special IMAX screening at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival, the first Nolan film to appear at the festival since Following, nineteen years earlier."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "He won the role after auditioning against hundreds of candidates, when Nolan was unaware of his renown as a singer."
}
] |
The 2017 film Dunkirk won in three categories at the Academy Awards.
| 0 | 0 |
Dunkirk (2017 film)
|
Science
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "She remembers that when she was a little girl and could not sleep, she did not count numbers, as you would expect from a child, but started to multiply numbers by two from memory."
}
] |
So5IXEkCTRbqcNJ4jgR0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "Math. Math. Phys., 3 (1), pp."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Thus, as a child, she already familiarized herself with the properties of exponential growth."
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "I. Daubechies, S. Jaffard, and J.L. Journe, A simple Wilson orthonormal basis with exponential decay, SIAM J. Math."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "She remembers that when she was a little girl and could not sleep, she did not count numbers, as you would expect from a child, but started to multiply numbers by two from memory."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "The Simons Foundation, a private foundation based in New York City that funds research in mathematics and the basic sciences, gave Daubechies the Math + X Investigator award, which provides money to professors at American and Canadian universities to encourage new partnerships between mathematicians and researchers other fields of science."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The name Daubechies is widely associated with the orthogonal Daubechies wavelet and the biorthogonal CDF wavelet."
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "Cohen, I. Daubechies, and A. Ron"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Daubechies was born in Houthalen, Belgium, as the daughter of Marcel Daubechies (a civil mining engineer) and Simonne Duran (then a homemaker, later a criminologist)."
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "D. Aerts and I. Daubechies, A characterization of subsystems in physics, Lett."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Daubechies is recognized for her study of the mathematical methods that enhance image-compression technology."
}
] |
Daubechies would do math in her head to fall asleep as a child.
| 2 | 3 |
Ingrid Daubechies
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tramar Lacel Dillard (born September 17, 1979), better known by his stage name Flo Rida (, floh RY-də), is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Carol City, Florida."
}
] |
SoJIVn4Zzdx9whkSRgdC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1979–2006: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Tramar Lacel Dillard was born in Carol City, Florida on September 17, 1979."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Tramar Lacel Dillard (born September 17, 1979), better known by his stage name Flo Rida (, floh RY-də), is an American rapper, singer and songwriter from Carol City, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1979–2006: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "His parents raised him together with his seven sisters, the youngest of whom is his twin."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2011–2013: Wild Ones",
"text": "On April 1, 2012, Flo Rida appeared at WWE's WrestleMania XXVIII in a segment with Heath Slater, Curt Hawkins, and Tyler Reks, in which Slater called Flo Rida \"Florida\" and the rapper shoved him into a wall."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2011: Only One Flo (Part 1)",
"text": "In March 2010, Flo Rida announced on Twitter that the album would be titled The Only One."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1979–2006: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "He returned to Florida to continue pursuing his music career after receiving a phone call from a representative of the independent label Poe Boy Entertainment."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2011: Only One Flo (Part 1)",
"text": "Flo Rida collaborated with UK girl group The Saturdays, recording a new version of their single, \"Higher\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2011: Only One Flo (Part 1)",
"text": "In December 2010, Flo Rida created his own label, International Music Group, inspired by Nicki Minaj's signing with Lil Wayne's."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2014–present: My House and upcoming fifth studio album",
"text": "\"Got Me Runnin' Round.\" Flo Rida was also featured in Jeremih's track"
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2010–2011: Only One Flo (Part 1)",
"text": "On June 28, 2010, Flo Rida released the song \"Club Can't Handle Me\" featuring David Guetta, which was stated to be the official first single for the album."
}
] |
Flo Rida was born and raised in Florida.
| 0 | 0 |
Flo Rida
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film earned rentals of $2.5 million in the United States and Canada but did not perform as well overseas."
}
] |
SoNAKeN69feferqzqDpv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Defiant Ones is a 1958 adventure drama film which tells the story of two escaped prisoners, one white and one black, who are shackled together and who must co-operate in order to survive."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"Variety magazine likewise praised the acting and discussed the film's major theme, writing, \"The theme of The Defiant Ones is that what keeps men apart is their lack of knowledge of one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes, tributes and parodies",
"text": "The basis of The Defiant Ones was revisited several times in popular media: Warner Bros. parodied the film in Friz Freleng's 1961 cartoon D' Fightin' Ones, in which Sylvester the Cat escapes from captivity in a dogcatcher truck while chained to a bulldog."
},
{
"section_header": "Remakes, tributes and parodies",
"text": "In the \"Coyote Lovely\" episode, after handcuffing Lana and Cyril together, Archer says \"... just like The Defiant Ones.\" In the video game Red Dead Redemption 2, a side mission involves two shackled men, Mr. Black & Mr. White, escaping a chain gang."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "When the film was first released, Bosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, lauded the production and the acting in the film, writing, \"A remarkably apt and dramatic visualization of a social idea—the idea of men of different races brought together to face misfortune in a bond of brotherhood—is achieved by producer Stanley Kramer in his new film, The Defiant Ones... Between the two principal performers there isn't much room for a choice."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "One night in the American South, a truck loaded with prisoners in the back swerves to miss another truck and crashes through a barrier."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The film earned rentals of $2.5 million in the United States and Canada but did not perform as well overseas."
}
] |
The Defiant Ones was more successful abroad than in America.
| 2 | 7 |
The Defiant Ones
|
Music
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Music for film",
"text": "Glass has composed many film scores, starting with the orchestral score for Koyaanisqatsi (1982), and continuing with two biopics, Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985, resulting in the String Quartet No. 3) and Kundun (1997) about the Dalai Lama, for which he received his first Academy Award nomination."
}
] |
Sp8E6qxlGNG2wjYVYhaI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1975–79: Another Look at Harmony: The Portrait Trilogy",
"text": "\"Part Two\" was included in Dance (a collaboration with visual artist Sol LeWitt, 1979), and \"Part Four\" was renamed as Mad Rush, and performed by Glass on several occasions such as the first public appearance of the 14th Dalai Lama in New York City in Fall 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1937–1964: Beginnings, early education and influences",
"text": "His composition teachers included Vincent Persichetti and William Bergsma."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1980–86: Completing the Portrait Trilogy: Akhnaten and beyond",
"text": "This composition was initially regarded by the composer as a piece of Gebrauchsmusik ('music for use')—\"like salt and pepper ... just something for the table\", as he noted."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1967–1974: Minimalism: From Strung Out to Music in 12 Parts",
"text": "The first concert of Glass's new music was at Jonas Mekas's Film-Makers Cinemathèque (Anthology Film Archives) in September 1968."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1964–1966: Paris",
"text": "He renounced all his compositions in a moderately modern style resembling Milhaud's, Aaron Copland's, and Samuel Barber's, and began writing pieces based on repetitive structures of Indian music and a sense of time influenced by Samuel Beckett: a piece for two actresses and chamber ensemble, a work for chamber ensemble and his first numbered string quartet (No. 1, 1966).Glass then left Paris for northern India in 1966, where he came in contact with Tibetan refugees and began to gravitate towards Buddhism."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 1967–1974: Minimalism: From Strung Out to Music in 12 Parts",
"text": "This concert included the first work of this series with Strung Out (performed by the violinist Pixley-Rothschild) and Music in the Shape of a Square (performed by Glass and Gibson)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 2008–present: Chamber music, concertos, and symphonies",
"text": "Tim Fain (2010, first performance of the complete work 2011), are recent entries in the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 2008–present: Chamber music, concertos, and symphonies",
"text": "The symphony's first performance took place on January 1, 2012, at the Brucknerhaus in Linz, Austria ("
},
{
"section_header": "Influences and collaborations | Recording work",
"text": "In 1993 Glass formed another record label, Point Music; in 1997, Point Music released Music for Airports, a live, instrumental version of Eno's composition of the same name, by Bang on a Can All-Stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and work | 2008–present: Chamber music, concertos, and symphonies",
"text": "It is Glass's first opera in German, and was premiered by the Bruckner Orchestra Linz and Dennis Russell Davies in September 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Music for film",
"text": "Glass has composed many film scores, starting with the orchestral score for Koyaanisqatsi (1982), and continuing with two biopics, Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985, resulting in the String Quartet No. 3) and Kundun (1997) about the Dalai Lama, for which he received his first Academy Award nomination."
}
] |
Philip Glass's first music composition for a movie was in 1981.
| 1 | 6 |
Philip Glass
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later years | Death and succession",
"text": "Her favourite pet Pomeranian, Turi, was laid upon her deathbed as a last request."
}
] |
SpG8MWDdEH6f6j0TaXZC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion."
},
{
"section_header": "Heir presumptive",
"text": "The Duchess avoided the court because she was scandalised by the presence of King William's illegitimate children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "She hated Conroy, and despised \"that odious Lady Flora\", because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage",
"text": "The Queen hated being pregnant, viewed breast-feeding with disgust, and thought newborn babies were ugly."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "Peel refused to govern under the restrictions imposed by the Queen, and consequently resigned his commission, allowing Melbourne to return to office."
},
{
"section_header": "1842–1860",
"text": "The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage",
"text": "Albert became an important political adviser as well as the Queen's companion, replacing Melbourne as the dominant influential figure in the first half of her life."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign",
"text": "Victoria believed the rumours."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years | Death and succession",
"text": "Her favourite pet Pomeranian, Turi, was laid upon her deathbed as a last request."
}
] |
Victoria famously hated dogs and only allowed cats in her court as companions.
| 0 | 1 |
Queen Victoria
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Suffering from seizures and headaches, he was immediately rushed to Hong Kong Baptist Hospital, where doctors diagnosed cerebral edema."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "The headache and cerebral edema that occurred in his first collapse were later repeated on the day of his death."
}
] |
SpeTxZEXI6NTUY1DO0FK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal | Family",
"text": "In the 2018 biography Bruce Lee: A Life"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bruce Lee was born on November 27, 1940, at the Chinese Hospital in Chinatown, San Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal | Friends, students, and contemporaries",
"text": "Both were very competitive of their success."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lee and his parents returned to Hong Kong when he was three months old."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bruce's father, Lee Hoi-chuen, was Han Chinese, and his mother, Grace Ho (何愛瑜), was of Eurasian ancestry."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "According to the Chinese zodiac, Lee was born in both the hour and the year of the Dragon, which according to tradition is a strong and fortuitous omen."
},
{
"section_header": "Career and education | 1959 to 1964: Continuous studies and martial arts breakthrough",
"text": "In Cadwell's account, \"The fight ensued, it was a no-holds-barred fight, it took three minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Career and education | 1940 to 1958: Early Roles, schooling and martial arts initiation",
"text": "Because of this, Lee was introduced into films at a very young age and appeared in several films as a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal | Family",
"text": "Lee died when his daughter Shannon was four."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Philosophy",
"text": "Lee's philosophy was very much in opposition to the conservative worldview advocated by Confucianism."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Suffering from seizures and headaches, he was immediately rushed to Hong Kong Baptist Hospital, where doctors diagnosed cerebral edema."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "The headache and cerebral edema that occurred in his first collapse were later repeated on the day of his death."
}
] |
Bruce Lee died of a pulmonary embolism that took his life very quickly.
| 0 | 5 |
Bruce Lee
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The recognition from the flood helped Frick get a position with the New York American in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was able to file his story a day earlier than other reporters."
}
] |
SptxgnzAhmYYoGtFGNkf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He had suffered a series of strokes in his later years."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | The \"asterisk\"",
"text": "Frick called a press conference to issue a ruling that a player must hit more than 60 home runs in his first 154 games in order to be considered the record holder - giving birth to a misunderstanding that an asterisk was placed next to Maris' record when Maris did so in a newly expanded 162-game season."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | The \"asterisk\"",
"text": "Frick's most highly criticized decision as commissioner was to request baseball record-keepers to list the single-season home run records of Babe Ruth and Roger Maris separately in 1961, based on the length of the season played."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Around this time, he had given some thought to starting his own advertising agency."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ford C. Frick Award recognizes outstanding MLB broadcasters."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | The \"asterisk\"",
"text": "Within a few years the controversy died down and all prominent baseball record keepers listed Maris as the single-season record holder."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "In response, Frick overruled the fan vote, removed two Reds from the starting lineup and appointed two replacements from other teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ford Christopher Frick (December 19, 1894 – April 8, 1978) was an American sportswriter and baseball executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner",
"text": "Inaction was sometimes cited by Frick's critics as one of his weaknesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner | The \"asterisk\"",
"text": "Frick indeed called for some \"distinctive mark\" next to it in the \"record books\" - the asterisk as a designation was immediately suggested by New York Daily News sportswriter Dick Young - but MLB actually had no direct control over any record books until many years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The recognition from the flood helped Frick get a position with the New York American in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was able to file his story a day earlier than other reporters."
}
] |
Ford Frick's career was kick started by his capacity to record people's suffering more efficiently than his competitors.
| 0 | 8 |
Ford Frick
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and transition in rule",
"text": "His territories had been divided among his adult sons a year earlier: to Carloman he gave Austrasia, Alemannia, and Thuringia, and to Pippin the Younger Neustria, Burgundy, Provence, and Metz and Trier in the \"Mosel duchy\"; Grifo was given several lands throughout the kingdom, but at a later date, just before Charles died."
}
] |
SpuK0fWVeLI85NFX555s
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Vinchy",
"text": "Richard Gerberding points out that up to this time, much of Martel's support was probably from his mother's kindred in the lands around Liege."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and transition in rule",
"text": "His territories had been divided among his adult sons a year earlier: to Carloman he gave Austrasia, Alemannia, and Thuringia, and to Pippin the Younger Neustria, Burgundy, Provence, and Metz and Trier in the \"Mosel duchy\"; Grifo was given several lands throughout the kingdom, but at a later date, just before Charles died."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718",
"text": "Before the end of the year, Charles Martel had escaped from prison and been acclaimed mayor by the nobles of Austrasia."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Vinchy",
"text": "Willibrord subsequently baptized Martel's son Pepin."
},
{
"section_header": "Consolidation of power | Wars of 718–732",
"text": "They were easily defeated (724), but Ragenfrid gave up his sons as hostages in turn for keeping his county."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and historiography",
"text": "According to British medieval historian Paul Fouracre, this was \"the single most important text in the construction of Charles Martel's reputation as a seculariser or despoiler of church lands\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718 | Battle of Amblève",
"text": "According to one source, he split his forces into several groups which fell at them from many sides."
},
{
"section_header": "Contesting for power | Civil war of 715–718",
"text": "That same year, Dagobert III died and the Neustrians proclaimed Chilperic II, the cloistered son of Childeric II, as king."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation and historiography",
"text": "In October 732—just 100 years after the death of Mahomet—Charles gained a brilliant victory over Abdur Rahman, who was called back to Africa by revolts of the Berbers and had to give up the struggle. ... After his victory, Charles took the offensive\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "He was the first to call himself Duke and Prince of the Franks, a title later taken up by Charles."
}
] |
Martel's lands had been split up among his sons a year before his passing.
| 3 | 3 |
Charles Martel
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Peter Zenger (October 26, 1697 – July 28, 1746) was a German printer and journalist in New York City."
}
] |
SqdIW3hoa4jPycJQJrWM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zenger printed The New York Weekly Journal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1733, Zenger began printing The New York Weekly Journal, in which the journal voiced opinions critical of the colonial governor, William Cosby."
},
{
"section_header": "Primary sources",
"text": "The tryal of John Peter Zenger, of New-York, printer, who was lately try'd and acquitted for printing and publishing a libel against the government: with the pleadings and arguments on both sides London : Printed for J. Wilford 1738"
},
{
"section_header": "Libel case | \"Cato\" article",
"text": "In an issue of The New York Weekly Journal prior to Zenger's arrest, it is a typical attack against the government in Zenger's newspaper."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "By 1720, he was taking on printing work in Maryland, though he returned to New York permanently by 1722.:1124 After a brief partnership with Bradford in 1725, Zenger set up as a commercial printer on Smith Street in Manhattan."
},
{
"section_header": "Libel case",
"text": "Supported by members of the Popular Party, Zenger's New-York Weekly Journal continued to publish articles critical of the royal governor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Peter Zenger (October 26, 1697 – July 28, 1746) was a German printer and journalist in New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The Zenger family immigrated to New York in 1710 as part of a large group of German Palatines, and Nicolaus Zenger was one of those who died before settlement.:1123 The governor of New York had agreed to provide apprenticeships for all the children of immigrants from the Palatinate, and John Peter was bound for eight years as an apprentice to William Bradford, the first printer in New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Zenger died in New York on July 28, 1746, with his wife continuing his printing business."
},
{
"section_header": "Primary sources",
"text": "pp: 223-245. pp: 223-245. online John Peter Zenger; his press, his trial, and a bibliography of Zenger imprints ... also a reprint of the first edition of the trial by Livingston Rutherfurd New York : Dodd, Mead & company 1904"
}
] |
John Peter Zenger was a Swiss artist and columnist that ended up printing The New York Weekly Journal.
| 0 | 3 |
John Peter Zenger
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Spiritual beliefs",
"text": "In 1973, Eastwood told the film critic Gene Siskel, \"No, I don't believe in God.\" Eastwood has said that he finds spirituality in nature (as suggested by his Western, Pale Rider, 1985), stating that \"I was born during the Depression"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Spiritual beliefs",
"text": "and I was brought up with no specific church."
}
] |
Sri6MEf7qZZvauWHOzJD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Roger Ebert wrote, \"Streep and Eastwood weave a spell, and it is based on that particular knowledge of love and self that comes with middle age."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "The first, Flags of Our Fathers, focused on the men who raised the American flag on top of Mount Suribachi and featured the film debut of Eastwood's son Scott."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1950s: Early career struggles",
"text": "Eastwood was not especially happy with his character; Eastwood was almost 30, and Rowdy was too young and cloddish for Eastwood's comfort."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1960s",
"text": "Richard Harrison suggested Eastwood to Leone because Harrison knew Eastwood could play a cowboy convincingly."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s",
"text": "However, it grossed less than $1 million and, according to Eastwood and Lang, flopped due to poor publicity and the \"emasculated\" role of Eastwood."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1960s",
"text": "Stardom brought Eastwood more roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1960s",
"text": "Eastwood was paid $750,000 for the war epic"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Properties",
"text": "show Mrs. Eastwood & Company."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "\"The best thing we could do is just get Mike Bloomberg in there,\" Eastwood said."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "An ongoing lawsuit, in response to Eastwood allegedly ramming a woman's car, resulted in no Eastwood films being shown in cinemas in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Spiritual beliefs",
"text": "In 1973, Eastwood told the film critic Gene Siskel, \"No, I don't believe in God.\" Eastwood has said that he finds spirituality in nature (as suggested by his Western, Pale Rider, 1985), stating that \"I was born during the Depression"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Spiritual beliefs",
"text": "and I was brought up with no specific church."
}
] |
Eastwood was not raised with any particular denomination of Christianity.
| 4 | 7 |
Clint Eastwood
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After working as a fashion model, Hayward traveled to Hollywood in 1937 to audition for the role of Scarlett O'Hara."
}
] |
SrwcAN0R8znPkrRrkmjC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Susan Hayward (born Edythe Marrenner; June 30, 1917 – March 14, 1975) was an American actress and model."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Before her Catholic baptism, Hayward was a proponent of astrology."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After working as a fashion model, Hayward traveled to Hollywood in 1937 to audition for the role of Scarlett O'Hara."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "She became a popular figure in the area in the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak",
"text": "Although Hayward never truly became known as a singer because she disliked her own singing, she portrayed singers in several films."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak",
"text": "Hayward won a Best Actress Oscar for her portrayal of the real life death row inmate."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | United Artists and Republic",
"text": "Hayward costarred in I Married a Witch (1942) with Fredric March and Veronica Lake, as the fiancé of Wallace Wooly (March) before Lake's witch appears in the 1940s from a Puritanical stake burning 300 years prior."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She began her career as a model, traveling to Hollywood in 1937 to secure the role of Scarlett O'Hara in the successful film Gone with the Wind."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her paternal grandmother, Kate Harrigan, was an actress from County Cork, Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Peak",
"text": "Susan Hayward performed in the musical biography of singer Jane Froman in the 1952 film, With a Song in My Heart, a role which won her the Golden Globe for Best Actress Comedy film."
}
] |
Hayward was a model before she became an actress.
| 1 | 7 |
Susan Hayward
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "In the early 1960s he lived in Galesburg, Illinois where he was reduced to working as a greeter at a locally owned steak house."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "He took them to the playoffs where they lost in the first round 2 games to 1 against the Rockford Peaches."
}
] |
SsOjtyDEGlUUKvKYPMka
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "Foxx worked as a minor league manager and coach after his playing days ended, including managing the Fort Wayne Daisies of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League for one season in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "In the early 1960s he lived in Galesburg, Illinois where he was reduced to working as a greeter at a locally owned steak house."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "Foxx had a city baseball field named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Beast\", was an American professional baseball first baseman who played 20 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Athletics, Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, and Philadelphia Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "Foxx served as head coach for the University of Miami baseball team for two seasons, going 9–8 in 1956 and 11–12 in 1957."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies",
"text": "Ruth began his big-league career as a pitcher; Foxx ended his big-league career as one."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies",
"text": "At the end of his career, his 534 home runs placed him second only to Ruth on the all-time list, and first among right-handed hitters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Foxx became the second player in MLB history to hit 500 career home runs, attaining that plateau at age 32 years and 336 days."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies",
"text": "Foxx was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1951."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball career",
"text": "He took them to the playoffs where they lost in the first round 2 games to 1 against the Rockford Peaches."
}
] |
After his professional baseball career ended he spent his days quietly with his family and worked at a baseball museum.
| 1 | 3 |
Jimmie Foxx
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Collins died of pneumonia on March 6, 1943 at the age of 73."
}
] |
StA03bdrBtLLRRXr2A0X
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jimmy Collins was born in Niagara Falls, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Jimmy Collins married Sarah Murphy in 1907, and the couple had two daughters."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Boston-based Celtic punk band Dropkick Murphys recorded the song \"Jimmy Collins' Wake\" on their 2013 album Signed and Sealed in Blood."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins was especially regarded for his defense."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | National League star",
"text": "Collins was returned to the Beaneaters after the 1895 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minor leagues",
"text": "in 76 games. In 1894, Collins was moved to the outfield by the Bisons."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Collins died of pneumonia on March 6, 1943 at the age of 73."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | First World Series",
"text": "In 1902, Collins was limited to 108 games by injury, and the Americans finished third."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Remaining career",
"text": "As a player, Collins batted .276, but again missed time due to injury."
}
] |
Jimmy Collins did die of a heart attack.
| 0 | 0 |
Jimmy Collins
|
Science
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career in anthropology | Post-war",
"text": "She continued her teaching after the war, advancing to the rank of full professor only two months before her death, in New York on September 17, 1948."
}
] |
StIbb0bIVYEOGuVKE1Ho
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career in anthropology | Post-war",
"text": "She continued her teaching after the war, advancing to the rank of full professor only two months before her death, in New York on September 17, 1948."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in anthropology | Post-war",
"text": "After the war was over, she focused on finishing her book The Chrysanthemum and the Sword."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "When she was four years old her grandmother took her to see an infant that had recently died."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood",
"text": "A year later he died, ten days after returning from a trip to Trinidad to search for a cure."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in anthropology | Post-war",
"text": "Before World War II began, Benedict was giving lectures at the Bryn Mawr College for the Anna Howard Shaw Memorial Lectureship."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | College and marriage",
"text": "However, she was unhappy with this job as well and, after one year, left to teach English in Pasadena at the Orton School for Girls."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | College and marriage",
"text": "The summer after her first year teaching at the Orton School she returned home to the Shattucks' farm to spend some time in thought and peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Patterns of Culture",
"text": "Benedict was among the leading cultural anthropologists who were recruited by the US government for war-related research and consultation after the US entry into World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in anthropology | Relationship with Margaret Mead",
"text": "After Benedict died of a heart attack in 1948, Mead kept the legacy of Benedict's work going by supervising projects that Benedict would have looked after, and editing and publishing notes from studies that Benedict had collected throughout her life."
},
{
"section_header": "Work | Patterns of Culture",
"text": "This also formed a central argument in her later work on the Japanese following World War II."
}
] |
Ruth Benedict stopped teaching after the war and died in 1945.
| 2 | 3 |
Ruth Benedict
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father, McGraw has two half-brothers, Mark and Matthew, and a half-sister named Cari."
}
] |
StXKMvokkALj6Isx70sS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Samuel Timothy McGraw (born May 1, 1967) is an American singer, actor, and record producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "The Dallas Observer said the role was \"played with unexpected ferocity by country singer Tim McGraw\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "A man who was friends with Curb Records executives heard the demo while driving with Tug one day and recommended that Curb contact the young singer."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "Three more singles were released from Tim McGraw: \"Welcome to the Club\", \"Memory Lane\", and \"Two Steppin' Mind\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2000s | Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors",
"text": "In 2002, McGraw bucked country music traditions by recording his seventh studio album Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors with his tour band The Dancehall Doctors."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "McGraw married fellow country singer Faith Hill in 1996 and has three daughters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He has been married to singer Faith Hill since 1996, and is a son of former MLB pitcher Tug McGraw."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1990s | Tim McGraw",
"text": "In a 2001 retrospective on McGraw's career in Billboard, a former program director for Nashville station WSM-FM said that he added the song to the station's playlist because it showed \"undeniable promise\", while another former program director at WXTU in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, recalled that McGraw's debut single was \"terrible\" but that he booked the singer to make an appearance at the station due to his father's fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Discography | Studio albums",
"text": "Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment"
},
{
"section_header": "Acting career",
"text": "Also in 2010, McGraw starred in Country Strong as James Canter, the husband and manager of the fictional country singer Kelly Canter (portrayed by Gwyneth Paltrow)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father, McGraw has two half-brothers, Mark and Matthew, and a half-sister named Cari."
}
] |
American singer Tim McGraw has siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
Tim McGraw
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City."
}
] |
StrbYlvlItoSflJ8ufR4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Conception",
"text": "They changed the title to Six of One, mainly because they felt Friends Like Us was too similar to the ABC sitcom These Friends of Mine."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After several script rewrites and changes, including title changes to Six of One and Friends"
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "Friends has also developed an alternative family lifestyle by representing young people that live unconventional domestic lives."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the show revolves around six friends in their 20s and 30s who live in Manhattan, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "According to a pop-culture expert at the University at Buffalo, Friends is \"one of those rare shows that marked a change in American culture.\" The images of youth and the roles they portray are better defined and represent a lifestyle that centres around creating and sustaining relationships between friends running their own lives and seeking help from each other."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Broadcast | United States",
"text": "After the produced pilot lived up to NBC's hopes, the series premiered with the name Friends on September 22, 1994, in the coveted Thursday 8:30"
},
{
"section_header": "Home media | Blu-ray and DVD",
"text": "Other merchandise includes a Friends version of the DVD game \" Scene It?\", and a quiz video game for PlayStation 2 and PC entitled Friends: The One with All the Trivia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Friends received acclaim throughout its run, becoming one of the most popular television shows of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "As the series progressed, reviews became more positive, and Friends became one of the most popular sitcoms of its time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards",
"text": "The series also won an American Comedy Award, one GLAAD Media Award, one Golden Globe Award, three Logie Awards, six People's Choice Awards, one Satellite Award, and one Screen Actors Guild Award."
}
] |
Friends is focused on six friends who live in Brooklyn.
| 3 | 7 |
Friends
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "Eliot's characters often undergo a journey – either physical or spiritual or both."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Hollow Men\" (1925) is a poem by T. S. Eliot."
}
] |
SuFMS3sNOKqJpFuXBYpd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "The Hollow Men seems to follow the otherworldly journey of the spiritually dead."
},
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "These \"hollow men\" have the realization, humility and acknowledgement of their guilt and their status as broken, lost souls."
},
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "The \"hollow men\" fail to transform their motions into actions, conception to creation, desire to fulfillment."
},
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "And as the poem and their journey ends, they see \"the horror, the horror\" that Kurtz sees in the Heart of Darkness."
},
{
"section_header": "Journey of the character",
"text": "Eliot's characters often undergo a journey – either physical or spiritual or both."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence in culture | Literature",
"text": "King also makes reference to \"The Hollow Men\" in Pet Sematary (1983) with: \" Or maybe someone who had escaped from Eliot's poem about the hollow men."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Hollow Men\" (1925) is a poem by T. S. Eliot."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication information",
"text": "\" The third poem became Part III of The Hollow Men."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication information",
"text": "In the case of The Hollow Men four of the five sections of the poem were previously published: \"Poème\", published in the Winter 1924 edition of Commerce (with a French translation), became Part I of The Hollow Men."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence in culture",
"text": "Additionally, the March 1925 of Dial published The Hollow Men, I-III which was finally transformed to The Hollow Men Parts I, II, and IV in Poems: 1909–1925.(Publication information from Gallup) The Hollow Men has had a profound effect on the Anglo-American cultural lexicon—and by a relatively recent extension, world culture—since it was published in 1925."
}
] |
The Hollow Men is a poem that is about a journey.
| 0 | 0 |
The Hollow Men
|
NOCAT
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern veneration",
"text": "In 1873, a holiday called Kigensetsu was established on February 11."
}
] |
SuIb8rD58VJFh0El279Z
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Modern veneration",
"text": "After World War II, the holiday was criticized as too closely associated with the \"emperor system."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern veneration",
"text": "Before and during World War II, expansionist propaganda made frequent use of the phrase hakkō ichiu, a term coined by Tanaka Chigaku based on a passage in the Nihon Shoki discussing Emperor Jimmu."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern veneration",
"text": "In 1873, a holiday called Kigensetsu was established on February 11."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern veneration",
"text": "For the 1940 Kigensetsu celebration, marking the supposed 2,600th anniversary of Jimmu's enthronement, the Peace Tower was constructed in Miyazaki."
}
] |
Kigensetsu was critized after World War II for being to close to the "emperor system."
| 2 | 3 |
Emperor Jimmu
|
Science
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003",
"text": "Her performance during the SARS outbreak, which ultimately led to 299 deaths, attracted harsh criticism from the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and many SARS victims and their relatives."
}
] |
SvES7HS8ESYQspN1CC50
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003",
"text": "Her profile was raised by her handling, in those positions, of the 1997 H5N1 avian influenza outbreak and the 2003 SARS outbreak in Hong Kong."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003",
"text": "Her performance during the SARS outbreak, which ultimately led to 299 deaths, attracted harsh criticism from the Legislative Council of Hong Kong and many SARS victims and their relatives."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In early 2018 she joined the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).She was widely criticized for her handling of the 1997 H5N1 avian influenza outbreak and the 2003 SARS outbreak in Hong Kong, and for extravagant travel expenses while director-general of the WHO."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director of Health in Hong Kong, 1994–2003",
"text": "On the other hand, the SARS expert committee established by the HKSAR government to assess its handling of the crisis, opined that the failure was not Chan's fault, but due to the structure of Hong Kong's health care system, in which the separation of the hospital authority from the public health authority resulted in problems with data sharing."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017",
"text": "Appointed to the post in November 2006, Chan's first term ran through to June 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017",
"text": "Chan's new term began on 1 July 2012 and continued until 30 June 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Director-General of WHO, 2006–2017 | First term",
"text": "Chan's comments marked a significant departure from that of her predecessor, Gro Harlem Brundtland, who said in 2001 that North Korea's health system was near collapse."
}
] |
Chan's handling of the SARS outbreak attracted severe remarks.
| 4 | 6 |
Margaret Chan
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Critical response and impact",
"text": "Modern scholars and critics generally view the short story as an allegorical tale written to expose the contradictions in place concerning Puritan beliefs and societies."
}
] |
SvJFPu8TzuTBZjIcEPw5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In his writings Hawthorne questioned established thought—most specifically New England Puritanism and contemporary Transcendentalism."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story takes place in 17th-century Puritan New England, a common setting for Hawthorne's works, and addresses the Calvinist/Puritan belief that all of humanity exists in a state of depravity, but that God has destined some to unconditional election through unmerited grace."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "The story begins at dusk in Salem Village, Massachusetts as young Goodman Brown leaves Faith, his wife of three months, for some unknown errand in the forest."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Arriving back at his home in Salem the next morning, Goodman Brown is uncertain whether the previous night's events were real or a dream, but he is deeply shaken, and his belief he lives in a Christian community is distorted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hawthorne frequently focuses on the tensions within Puritan culture, yet steeps his stories in the Puritan sense of sin."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Much of Hawthorne's fiction, such as The Scarlet Letter, is set in 17th-century colonial America, particularly Salem Village."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "The third part shows his return to society and to his home, yet he is so profoundly changed that in rejecting the greeting of his wife Faith, Hawthorne shows Goodman Brown has lost faith and rejected the tenets of his Puritan world during the course of the night."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response and impact",
"text": "However, there have been many other interpretations of the text including those who believe Hawthorne sympathizes with Puritan beliefs."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Hawthorne aims to critique the ideals of Puritan society and express his disdain for it, thus illustrating the difference between the appearance of those in society and their true identities."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical response and impact",
"text": "Modern scholars and critics generally view the short story as an allegorical tale written to expose the contradictions in place concerning Puritan beliefs and societies."
}
] |
"Young Goodman Brown" is about Puritan New England in Salem.
| 3 | 4 |
Young Goodman Brown
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Albee's play was adapted by screenwriter Michael Hirst into a 1991 film of the same name starring Vanessa Redgrave and Keith Carradine."
}
] |
SwUBtUnOnt6qV7Bxlseu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Ballad of the Sad Café was adapted into a stage play of the same name by Edward Albee in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ballad of the Sad Café, first published in 1951, is a book by Carson McCullers comprising a novella of the same title along with six short stories: \"Wunderkind\", \"The Jockey\", \"Madame Zilensky and the King of Finland\", \"The Sojourner\", \"A Domestic Dilemma\", and \"A Tree, a Rock, a Cloud\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Albee's play was adapted by screenwriter Michael Hirst into a 1991 film of the same name starring Vanessa Redgrave and Keith Carradine."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot of the novella",
"text": "\"The Ballad of the Sad Cafe\" opens in a small, isolated town in the Southern United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The American playwright Edward Albee adapted the novella as a stage play in 1963, which itself was adapted into a 1991 film of the same name starring Vanessa Redgrave and Keith Carradine."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The first edition of the book also included McCullers' previously published novels"
}
] |
Th 1951 book The Ballad of the Sad Café was adapted into a film.
| 0 | 2 |
The Ballad of the Sad Cafe
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Best friends Thelma Dickinson (Geena Davis) and Louise Sawyer (Susan Sarandon) set out for a weekend vacation at a fishing cabin in the mountains to take a break from their dreary lives in Arkansas."
}
] |
SwdQKjueNwXRMdaF62TJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It stars Geena Davis as Thelma and Susan Sarandon as Louise, two friends who embark on a road trip which ends up in unforeseen circumstances."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Thelma wants to go to the police, but Louise fears that no one will believe Thelma's claim of attempted rape since Thelma was drinking and dancing with Harlan, and they will be subsequently charged with murder."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Thelma and Louise are finally cornered by the authorities only one hundred yards from the edge of the Grand Canyon."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Thelma tells Louise she understands if she wants to go back home, knowing she has Jimmy waiting for her, but explains she cannot go back to Darryl."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Louise finds them and threatens to shoot Harlan."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "While back on the road, Thelma reflects on what Harlan had done with her and tries to ask Louise if what happened with her also happened to Louise in Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Louise promises they will keep going together."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They decide to go on the run, but Louise insists that they travel from Oklahoma to Mexico without going through Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thelma & Louise is a 1991 American female buddy road film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Callie Khouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Reception",
"text": ", Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise is a potent, well-acted road movie that transcends the feminist message at its core."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Best friends Thelma Dickinson (Geena Davis) and Louise Sawyer (Susan Sarandon) set out for a weekend vacation at a fishing cabin in the mountains to take a break from their dreary lives in Arkansas."
}
] |
Siblings Thelma & Louise go on a road trip to find their long lost family member.
| 0 | 0 |
Thelma & Louise
|
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