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Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Official derivative publications | \"Dracula's Guest\"",
"text": "It was, according to most contemporary critics, the deleted first (or second) chapter from the original manuscript and the one which gave the volume its name, but which the original publishers deemed unnecessary to the overall story."
}
] |
RtMf4WELbE7gV1aFVTKl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Official derivative publications | \"Dracula's Guest\"",
"text": "The short story \"Dracula's Guest\" was posthumously published in 1914, two years after Stoker's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Official derivative publications | \"Dracula's Guest\"",
"text": "It was, according to most contemporary critics, the deleted first (or second) chapter from the original manuscript and the one which gave the volume its name, but which the original publishers deemed unnecessary to the overall story."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The now-lost film, however, was not an adaptation of Stoker's novel, but featured an original story."
},
{
"section_header": "Official derivative publications | \"Dracula's Guest\"",
"text": "The short story climaxes in an old graveyard where the Englishman, caught in a blizzard, takes refuge in the marble tomb of \"Countess Dolingen of Gratz\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "A short note at the end of the final chapter is written 7 years after the events outlined in the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As time passes she begins to suffer from episodes of sleepwalking and dementia, as witnessed by Mina."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Dead Un-Dead was one of Stoker's original titles for Dracula, and the manuscript was entitled simply The Un-Dead up until a few weeks before publication."
},
{
"section_header": "Official derivative publications | Dracula the Un-dead",
"text": "In 2009, a sequel was published, written by Bram Stoker's great grand-nephew Dacre Stoker and Ian Holt."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The 1931 film was one of the most commercially successful adaptations of the story to date; it and the Deane/Balderston play that preceded it set the standard for film and television adaptations of the story, with the alterations to the novel becoming standard for later adaptations for decades to come."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Invasion literature was at a peak, and Stoker's formula was very familiar by 1897 to readers of fantastic adventure stories."
}
] |
Dracula had one official secondary story which was published a short time after Stoker's death and was likely just the cut beginning chapters of the original story.
| 3 | 3 |
Dracula
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A right-handed pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers/Los Angeles Dodgers for his entire career in Major League Baseball"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Pitching for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers, he teamed with Sandy Koufax during the late 1950s and early and middle 1960s to form one of the most dominating pitching duos in history."
}
] |
RtZnU16I5Quxx78gDP0A
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Drysdale and Meyers had three children together: Don Junior (\"DJ\") (son), Darren (son), and Drew (daughter)."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He won three NL Player of the Month awards: June 1959 (6-0 record, 1.71 earned run average, 51 strikeouts),"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Pitching for the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers, he teamed with Sandy Koufax during the late 1950s and early and middle 1960s to form one of the most dominating pitching duos in history."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "At the time of his retirement, Drysdale was the last remaining player on the Dodgers who had played for Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "In the meantime, Drysdale filled in for Jackson on play-by-play for the early innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career | 1988",
"text": "In his final start of the year, Hershiser needed to pitch 10 shutout innings to set the mark – meaning not only that he would have to prevent the San Diego Padres from scoring, but that his own team would also need to fail to score in order to ensure extra innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Drysdale was a good hitting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In 1962, Drysdale won 25 games and the Cy Young Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Drysdale was occasionally used as a pinch-hitter, once during the World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "In 1984, Drysdale called play-by-play (alongside Reggie Jackson and Earl Weaver) for the National League Championship Series between the San Diego Padres and Chicago Cubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A right-handed pitcher for the Brooklyn Dodgers/Los Angeles Dodgers for his entire career in Major League Baseball"
}
] |
Drysdale played for three teams.
| 0 | 0 |
Don Drysdale
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His works include three symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's \"Symposium\", the original score for the film On the Waterfront, and theater works including On the Town, Wonderful Town, Candide, and his MASS."
}
] |
RtkIz3ekpvfKSTets9EW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonard Bernstein ( BURN-styne; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, pianist, music educator, author, and lifelong humanitarian."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His works include three symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's \"Symposium\", the original score for the film On the Waterfront, and theater works including On the Town, Wonderful Town, Candide, and his MASS."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1960s | Kaddish and Chichester Psalms",
"text": "The two major works he produced at this time were his Kaddish Symphony, dedicated to the recently assassinated President John F. Kennedy, and the Chichester Psalms, which he produced during a sabbatical year he took from the Philharmonic in 1965 to concentrate on composition."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Film scores",
"text": "On the Town, 1949 (only part of his music was used) On the Waterfront, 1954 (soundtrack) West Side Story, 1961"
},
{
"section_header": "Influence and characteristics as a composer",
"text": "Bernstein's works were performed several times for Pope John Paul II, including at World Youth Day in Denver on August 14, 1993 (excerpts from MASS), and at the Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah on April 7, 1994, with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (Chichester Psalms and Symphony No. 3, Kaddish [excerpt]) in the Sala Nervi at the Vatican."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Felicia Montealegre Bernstein Fund of Amnesty International USA",
"text": "In October 1976, Leonard Bernstein led the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra and legendary pianist Claudio Arrau in an Amnesty International Benefit Concert in Munich."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1960s | Advocating for composers",
"text": "He also conducted an LP of his 1944 musical On The Town, the first (almost) complete recording of the original featuring several members of the original Broadway cast, including Betty Comden and Adolph Green. (The 1949 film version only contains four of Bernstein's original numbers.) Bernstein also collaborated with the experimental jazz pianist and composer Dave Brubeck resulting in the recording Bernstein Plays Brubeck Plays Bernstein (1961)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1935–1940: Education | Early musical influences",
"text": "Other students in the class included Lukas Foss, who also became a lifelong friend."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | The Final Concert at Tanglewood",
"text": "Bernstein made his final performance as a conductor at Tanglewood on August 19, 1990, with the Boston Symphony Orchestra playing Benjamin Britten's \"Four Sea Interludes\" from Peter Grimes, and Beethoven's Symphony No. 7."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Death and legacy",
"text": "On August 25, 2018 (his 100th birthday), he was honored with a Google Doodle."
}
] |
Leonard Bernstein ( BURN-styne; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American composer, conductor, pianist, music educator, author, and lifelong humanitarian who's works include two symphonies, Chichester Psalms, Serenade after Plato's "Symposium", and the original score for the film On the Waterfront.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonard Bernstein
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower's electoral victory against Democrat Adlai Stevenson II, Truman went into a financially difficult retirement, marked by the founding of his presidential library and the publication of his memoirs."
}
] |
RtrZccZK5jw0R7AXMeGe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1945–1953) | 1948 election",
"text": "This rebellion on the right was matched by one on the left, led by Wallace on the Progressive Party ticket."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States from 1945 to 1953, succeeding upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt after serving as vice president."
},
{
"section_header": "Tributes and legacy | Legacy",
"text": "\" When he left office in 1953, Truman was one of the most unpopular chief executives in history."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1945–1953) | First term (1945–1949) | Assuming office and the atomic bomb",
"text": "Truman continued to strongly defend himself in his memoirs in 1955–1956, stating many lives could have been lost had the United States invaded mainland Japan without the atomic bombs."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Online sources",
"text": "\"Harry S Truman – 1948\". United States Federal Archives."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1945–1953) | First term (1945–1949) | Marshall Plan, Cold War, and China",
"text": "The Nationalists had been major wartime allies and had large-scale popular support in the United States, along with a powerful lobby."
},
{
"section_header": "Military service | World War I",
"text": "To show their appreciation of his leadership, his men presented him with a large loving cup upon their return to the United States after the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Harry S. Truman Library & Museum",
"text": "Harry S. Truman\". The Examiner."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Online sources",
"text": "\"Israel: From Darling of the Left to Pariah State\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Tributes and legacy | Sites and honors",
"text": "Across Britain he was hailed; London's Daily Telegraph characterized Truman as the \"Living and kicking symbol of everything that everybody likes best about the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower's electoral victory against Democrat Adlai Stevenson II, Truman went into a financially difficult retirement, marked by the founding of his presidential library and the publication of his memoirs."
}
] |
Harry S. Truman, the 33rd president of the United States, lived lavishly after he left office focusing his attention on large parties.
| 1 | 3 |
Harry S. Truman
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pali: निब्बान nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa, literally \"blown out\", as in an oil lamp) is commonly associated with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release, the liberation from repeated rebirth in saṃsāra."
}
] |
RtzZeVw16X5GLgcAs3iX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Mahatma Gandhi, the Hindu and Buddhist understanding of nirvana are different because the nirvana of the Buddhists is shunyata, emptiness, but the nirvana of the Gita means peace and that is why it is described as brahma-nirvana (oneness with Brahman)."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Johnson the term nirvana is borrowed from the Buddhists to confuse the Buddhists, by linking the Buddhist nirvana state to the pre-Buddhist Vedic tradition of metaphysical absolute called Brahman."
},
{
"section_header": "Buddhism",
"text": "The first is called sopadhishesa-nirvana (nirvana with a remainder), the second parinirvana or anupadhishesa-nirvana (nirvana without remainder, or final nirvana).In"
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "The term Brahma-nirvana appears in verses 2.72 and 5.24-26 of the Bhagavad Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Zaehner, Johnson and other scholars, nirvana in the Gita is a Buddhist term adopted by the Hindus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Indian religions, nirvana is synonymous with moksha and mukti."
},
{
"section_header": "Sikhism",
"text": "Nirvana appears in Sikh texts as the term Nirban."
},
{
"section_header": "Buddhism",
"text": "Nirvana (nibbana) literally means \"blowing out\" or \"quenching\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism",
"text": "The concept of Nirvana is described differently in Buddhist and Hindu literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Jainism",
"text": "The terms moksa and nirvana are often used interchangeably in the Jain texts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pali: निब्बान nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa, literally \"blown out\", as in an oil lamp) is commonly associated with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release, the liberation from repeated rebirth in saṃsāra."
}
] |
Nirvana was not invented by Kurt Cobain.
| 3 | 3 |
Nirvana
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown's most productive period was when he played for the Chicago Cubs from 1904 through 1912."
}
] |
Ru4PQzlXzy7G89YbdbID
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "However, Brown continued to play, signing with the Louisville Colonels, who traded him to the Cincinnati Reds for the 1913 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "After the 1913 season, Brown jumped to the Federal League, signing his contract on the same day as Joe Tinker."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "During this stretch, he won 20 or more games six times and was part of two World Series championships."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Mathewson's Reds prevailed 10-8 over Brown's Cubs, as the Cubs' ninth-inning rally fell short."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "According to his biography, in an exhibition game against the famous House of David touring team in 1928, at the age of 51, he pitched three innings as a favor to the local team, and struck out all nine batters he faced."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Brown was born in Nyesville, Indiana."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown was a switch-hitter, which was and is unusual for a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown was a third baseman in semipro baseball in 1898 when his team's pitcher failed to appear for a game and Brown was put in to pitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brown was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In late 1909, Brown was on a team that played some games in Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Brown's most productive period was when he played for the Chicago Cubs from 1904 through 1912."
}
] |
Brown signed with the Yankees in his 20s.
| 1 | 7 |
Mordecai Brown
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "O'Neill takes this one step further in Desire Under the Elms and makes Abbie's misguided actions the begetting and murder of her child."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Abbie faints. Abbie faints. Act 3, Scene 4 Ephraim wakes up, and Abbie tells him she has murdered the baby and that it wasn't his."
}
] |
RuDUtZuW29xtA9H1q3fj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Desire Under the Elms is a 1924 play written by Eugene O'Neill."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "Desire Under the Elms was inspired by plot elements and characters from the Euripides play Hippolytus."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "\" This can be seen in Desire under the Elms through Eben's opinion that Ephraim worked his mother to death and largely drives the plot."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "In Desire Under the Elms: In the Light of Strindberg's Influence, Murray Hartman also saw strong parallels between Desire Under the Elms and the work of August Strindberg, writing \"At any rate, there is hardly a plot element in the play that cannot be traced to one or more sources in Strindberg.\" He details several elements of O'Neill and Strindberg's biographies that are similar, and how they manifest in Desire Under the Elms, in addition to naming several specific works of Strindberg's, such as The People of Hemsö, The Bridal Crown, and The Son of a Servant."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "O'Neill takes this one step further in Desire Under the Elms and makes Abbie's misguided actions the begetting and murder of her child."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Abbie faints. Abbie faints. Act 3, Scene 4 Ephraim wakes up, and Abbie tells him she has murdered the baby and that it wasn't his."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Like Mourning Becomes Electra, Desire Under the Elms signifies an attempt by O'Neill to adapt plot elements and themes of Greek tragedy to a rural New England setting."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Abbie goes upstairs and finds Eben, they kiss, and she says the baby looks just like him."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "They walk outside; taunt their father, Ephraim, and his new wife, Abbie; and then leave for California."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "She has killed their son. Enraged, Eben condemns her and runs out to get a sheriff to take her away."
}
] |
In the play Desire Under the Elms, Abbie kills her baby boy that has Ephraim as a father.
| 0 | 0 |
Desire Under the Elms
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book was also banned for obscenity in the United States (1929–59), Canada, Australia, India, and Japan."
}
] |
RuZ31YYpFvimhjn81EPG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover was banned for obscenity in the United States in 1929."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "Although he never followed through, he included Lady Chatterley's Lover as an example of an obscene book that must not reach domestic audiences, declaring \"I've not taken ten minutes on Lady Chatterley's Lover, outside of looking at its opening pages."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "The ban on Lady Chatterley's Lover, Tropic of Cancer, and Fanny Hill was fought and overturned in court with assistance by publisher Barney Rosset and lawyer Charles Rembar in 1959."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural influence",
"text": "In the United States, the full publication of Lady Chatterley's Lover was a significant event in the \"sexual revolution\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film and television",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover has been adapted for film and television several times: L'Amant de lady Chatterley (1955), French drama film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The book was also banned for obscenity in the United States (1929–59), Canada, Australia, India, and Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Editions",
"text": "Lady Chatterley's Lover and A Propos of 'Lady Chatterley's Lover'."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film and television",
"text": "starring Danielle Darrieux, was banned in the United States because it \"promoted adultery\", but was released in 1959 after the Supreme Court reversed that decision."
},
{
"section_header": "Standard editions",
"text": "The Second Lady Chatterley's Lover."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | United States",
"text": "In 1930, Senator Bronson Cutting proposed an amendment to the Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act, which was then being debated, ending the practice of having United States Customs censor allegedly obscene imported books."
}
] |
Lady Chatterley's Lover was banned from several countries including the United States.
| 0 | 2 |
Lady Chatterley's Lover
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "De Niro is an outspoken critic of President Donald Trump."
}
] |
RvBpdB36l2cSP75kgKXP
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "\" In 2020, he criticized the Trump administration and defended himself, saying, \"As a citizen, I have as much right as anybody ―"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1973: Early roles and breakthrough",
"text": "Next, De Niro starred in De Palma's comedy Hi, Mom! (1970), a sequel to Greetings."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "De Niro is an outspoken critic of President Donald Trump."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1973: Early roles and breakthrough",
"text": "Also in 1969, he appeared in De Palma's comedy The Wedding Party; although it was filmed in 1963, it was kept unreleased for six years."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1981–1991: Dramas, comedies and awards success",
"text": "While Pauline Kael opined De Niro \"lazy\" for undertaking small roles, De Palma defended him by saying he was \"experimenting with those characters\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "In 1998, De Niro lobbied U.S. Congress against impeaching President Bill Clinton."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition and legacy",
"text": "A. O. Scott said that De Niro \"was transforming himself — physically, vocally, psychologically — with each new role."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–2016: Further film roles",
"text": "De Niro was also appointed President of the Jury for the 2011 Cannes Film Festival, making it the second time he has served."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1963–1973: Early roles and breakthrough",
"text": "The Hollywood Reporter wrote, \"De Niro proves himself to be one of the best and most likable young character actors in movies with this performance\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1974–1980: Scorsese collaboration and acclaim",
"text": "The critic from The Hollywood Reporter highlighted \"De Niro is incredible and makes the actor almost unrecognizable as himself; he looks amazingly like La Motta."
}
] |
When asked about the current U.S President, De Niro has had nothing to say but kept his comments to himself.
| 4 | 6 |
Robert De Niro
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Amsterdam Stock Exchange is considered the oldest “modern\" securities market stock exchange in the world."
}
] |
RvCKSr3g6w59KlVnkS3B
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Housing",
"text": "The housing market is heavily regulated."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Retail",
"text": "Some of these markets are held daily, like the Albert Cuypmarkt and the Dappermarkt."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Retail",
"text": "The city also features a large number of open-air markets such as the Albert Cuyp Market, Westerstraat-markt, Ten Katemarkt, and Dappermarkt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Amsterdam Stock Exchange is considered the oldest “modern\" securities market stock exchange in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Centre of the Dutch Golden Age",
"text": "In 1602, the Amsterdam office of the international trading Dutch East India Company became the world's first stock exchange by trading in its own shares."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "as well as those of Deloitte, the Gemeentelijk Vervoerbedrijf (municipal public transport company), and the Dutch tax offices (Belastingdienst); around the Johan Cruyff Arena in Amsterdam Zuidoost; around the Amstel railway station in the Amsterdam-Oost district to the east of the historical city."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Museums",
"text": "Rembrandt's masterpiece The Night Watch is one of the top pieces of art of the museum."
},
{
"section_header": "Cityscape and architecture | Architecture",
"text": "It was constructed around 1425 and is one of only two existing wooden buildings."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Retail",
"text": "Others, like the Westerstraatmarkt, are held every week."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Music",
"text": "In the 1950s Johnny Jordaan rose to fame with \"Geef mij maar Amsterdam\" (\"I prefer Amsterdam\"), which praises the city above all others (explicitly Paris); Jordaan sang especially about his own neighbourhood, the Jordaan (\"Bij ons in de Jordaan\")."
}
] |
The Amsterdam market where they trade pieces of public companies has been around longer than any other "modern" market on earth.
| 0 | 0 |
Amsterdam
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In folklore, a ghost (sometimes known as an apparition, haunt, phantom, poltergeist, shade, specter or spectre, spirit, spook, and wraith) is the soul or spirit of a dead person or animal that can appear to the living."
}
] |
RvfAzLDdetzm6Nelalw2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Typology | Anthropological context",
"text": "Some people believe the ghost or spirit never leaves Earth until there is no-one left to remember the one who died."
},
{
"section_header": "Depiction in the arts",
"text": "Spirits of the dead appear in literature as early as Homer's Odyssey, which features a journey to the underworld and the hero encountering the ghosts of the dead, and the Old Testament, in which the Witch of Endor summons the spirit of the prophet Samuel."
},
{
"section_header": "Typology | Ghosts and the afterlife",
"text": "This is depicted in artwork from various ancient cultures, including such works as the Egyptian Book of the Dead, which shows deceased people in the afterlife appearing much as they did before death, including the style of dress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite centuries of investigation, there is no scientific evidence that any location is inhabited by spirits of the dead."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In folklore, a ghost (sometimes known as an apparition, haunt, phantom, poltergeist, shade, specter or spectre, spirit, spook, and wraith) is the soul or spirit of a dead person or animal that can appear to the living."
},
{
"section_header": "By religion | Judaism and Christianity",
"text": "Christians are taught that it is sinful to attempt to conjure or control spirits in accordance with Deuteronomy XVIII: 9–12.Some ghosts are actually said to be demons in disguise, who the Church teaches, in accordance with I Timothy 4:1, that they \"come to deceive people and draw them away from God and into bondage.\" As a result, attempts to contact the dead may lead to unwanted contact with a demon or an unclean spirit, as was said to occur in the case of Robbie Mannheim, a fourteen-year-old Maryland youth."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Scientific view",
"text": "People who experience sleep paralysis often report seeing ghosts during their experiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Metaphorical usages",
"text": "Nick Harkaway has considered that all people carry a host of ghosts in their heads in the form of impressions of past acquaintances – ghosts who represent mental maps of other people in the world and serve as philosophical reference points."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Classical Antiquity | Archaic and Classical Greece",
"text": "The spirit of the dead was believed to hover near the resting place of the corpse, and cemeteries were places the living avoided."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Scientific view",
"text": "Joe Nickell of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry wrote that there was no credible scientific evidence that any location was inhabited by spirits of the dead."
}
] |
Ghosts are always spirits of dead people.
| 0 | 0 |
Ghosts
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Research conducted by his third wife Susan in 2017 revealed that his biological father and mother were Michael Joseph Geheran and Mary Ann Moroney, both Irish immigrants from Counties Leitrim and Clare respectively."
}
] |
Rvg2GU1VM3zMCoRlpQkY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | Comeback attempt",
"text": "Covering Palmer's spring training workouts, Richard Hoffer of Sports Illustrated said that Palmer's comeback was not entirely about money."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1970s",
"text": "Surgery was considered, but Palmer's pain lessened and he was able to return to play in August."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Research conducted by his third wife Susan in 2017 revealed that his biological father and mother were Michael Joseph Geheran and Mary Ann Moroney, both Irish immigrants from Counties Leitrim and Clare respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1980s",
"text": "The 17 years between Palmer's first World Series win in 1966 and"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Moroney eventually married John Lane and the couple had a daughter, Patricia, Palmer’s biological half-sister, who died of leukemia at age 40 in 1987. (As of May 2018, the Palmers were still searching for Patricia Lane's daughter, whose married name is Kimberly Hughes and who would be Jim Palmer's half-niece.) Geheran died in 1959 and Moroney in 1979.Two days after his birth, Palmer was adopted by Moe Wiesen and his wife"
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1960s",
"text": "He hit the first of his three career major-league home runs, a two-run shot, in the fourth inning of that game, off Yankees starter Jim Bouton."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After his adoptive father died of a heart attack in 1955, the nine-year-old Jim, his mother and his sister moved to Beverly Hills, California where he began playing in youth-league baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | Comeback attempt",
"text": "To help Palmer's pitching motion, Collazo and Palmer completed unusual drills that involved Palmer placing a knee or foot on a chair as he tossed the ball."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | Legacy",
"text": "Palmer's career earned run average (2.856) is the third lowest among starting pitchers whose careers began after the advent of the live-ball era in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Career in baseball | 1970s",
"text": "During the latter year, he won the first of four consecutive Gold Glove Awards. (Jim Kaat, who had won the award 14 years in a row, moved to the National League, where he won the award that year and in 1977.) In 1977–78, Palmer won 20 and 21 games."
}
] |
Jim Palmer's parents were German immigrants.
| 1 | 5 |
Jim Palmer
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "The 1,296 pieces of glass that make up the clock faces are also to be removed and replaced."
}
] |
RvyuROO4cx7r3TZNodCr
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bells | Great Bell",
"text": "The main bell, officially known as the Great Bell but better known as Big Ben, is the largest bell in the tower and part of the Great Clock of Westminster."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "One of the most visible changes to the tower will be the restoration of the clock-face framework to its original colour of Prussian blue, used when the tower was first built in 1859, with the black paint used to cover up the soot-stained dial frames being stripped away."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "The Ayrton Light at the top of the tower, which is lit when Parliament is sitting, will also be fully dismantled and restored with the other lights in the Belfry, the lights being replaced with low energy LEDs."
},
{
"section_header": "Tower | Origin",
"text": "Elizabeth Tower, previously called the Clock Tower but more popularly known as Big Ben, was raised as a part of Charles Barry's design for a new palace, after the old Palace of Westminster was largely destroyed by fire on the night of 16 October 1834."
},
{
"section_header": "Nickname",
"text": "The origin of the nickname Big Ben is the subject of some debate."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance",
"text": "To welcome in 2012, the clock tower was lit with fireworks that exploded at every toll of Big Ben."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "On 21 August 2017, Big Ben's chimes were silenced for four years to allow essential restoration work to be carried out on the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "the then Prime Minister Theresa May. The striking and tolling of the bells for important occasions, such as New Year's Eve and Remembrance Sunday, will be handled via an electric motor; and at least one of the four clock faces will remain visible during the restoration."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With a few exceptions, such as New Year's Eve and Remembrance Sunday, the bells are to be silent until the work is completed in 2021."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The clock tower has been part of a Grade I listed building since 1970 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "2017 renovation",
"text": "The 1,296 pieces of glass that make up the clock faces are also to be removed and replaced."
}
] |
Every part of Big Ben will be restored except for the clock faces.
| 0 | 0 |
Big Ben
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Soon after, Darius died. In October 486 BCE, the body of Darius was embalmed and entombed in the rock-cut tomb at Naqsh-e Rostam, which he had been preparing."
}
] |
Rw2kl8PuyScR0G7VyEmJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Invasion of the Indus Valley",
"text": "Darius then marched through the Bolan Pass and returned through Arachosia and Drangiana back to Persia."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Invasion of the Indus Valley",
"text": "Darius I controlled the Indus Valley from Gandhara to modern Karachi and appointed the Greek Scylax of Caryanda to explore the Indian Ocean from the mouth of the Indus to Suez."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Accession",
"text": "There are different accounts of the rise of Darius to the throne from both Darius himself and Greek historians."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | European Scythian campaign",
"text": "This gave Darius the initiative."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "However, his son Cambyses was the heir to the throne, not Darius, causing Cyrus to wonder if Darius was forming treasonable and ambitious designs."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign | Elimination of Intaphernes",
"text": "One evening, Intaphernes went to the palace to meet Darius, but was stopped by two officers who stated that Darius was with a woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Military campaigns | Babylonian revolt",
"text": "Darius felt that the Babylonian people had taken advantage of him and deceived him, which resulted in Darius gathering a large army and marching to Babylon."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "Darius was the son of Hystaspes and the grandson of Arsames."
},
{
"section_header": "Early reign | Early revolts",
"text": "Following his coronation at Pasargadae, Darius moved to Ecbatana."
},
{
"section_header": "Government | Organization",
"text": "These satraps were personally picked by Darius to monitor these provinces."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Soon after, Darius died. In October 486 BCE, the body of Darius was embalmed and entombed in the rock-cut tomb at Naqsh-e Rostam, which he had been preparing."
}
] |
Darius I was cremated when he passed and the ashes were released into the ocean.
| 3 | 4 |
Darius I
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "It was nominated in nine categories at the 82nd Academy Awards and won in six: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing."
}
] |
RwJoAX2b772YTp8MP6cq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "The Hurt Locker was nominated for three Golden Globe Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "Starting with its initial screening at the 2008 Venice International Film Festival, The Hurt Locker has earned many awards and honors."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "In February 2010, the film's producer Nicolas Chartier emailed a group of Academy Award voters in an attempt to sway them to vote for The Hurt Locker instead of \"a $500M film\" (referring to Avatar) for the Best Picture award."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "It was nominated in nine categories at the 82nd Academy Awards and won in six: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, Best Sound Editing, Best Sound Mixing, and Best Film Editing."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "Bigelow became the first and, to date, only woman to win an Oscar for Best Director."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "The Hurt Locker is one of only five films that have won all three major U.S. critics group prizes (LA, NY, NSFC), together with Goodfellas, Schindler's List, L.A. Confidential, and The Social Network."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "Kathryn Bigelow was awarded the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Achievement in Feature Film for the film, the first and, to date, only time a female director has ever won."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Since the film was not released in the United States until 2009, it was eligible for the Academy Awards only the following year, where it was nominated for nine Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "The Academy banned him from attending the award ceremony, the first time the Academy has ever banned an individual nominee."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and accolades",
"text": "It lost the award for Best Actor to Crazy Heart, Best Original Score to Up, and Best Cinematography to Avatar."
}
] |
The Hurt Locker was suggested to win nine awards at one award show.
| 0 | 0 |
The Hurt Locker
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Death of a Salesman is a 1949 stage play written by American playwright Arthur Miller."
}
] |
RwoYVSBI7o17k9HwIyex
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "William \"Willy\" Loman: The salesman."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Reality and illusion",
"text": "Death of a Salesman uses flashbacks to present Willy's memory during the reality."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In India",
"text": "Compared to Tennessee Williams and Beckett, Arthur Miller and his Death of a Salesman were less influential."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In the United States",
"text": "Death of a Salesman first opened on February 10, 1949, to great success."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Death of a Salesman is a 1949 stage play written by American playwright Arthur Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In China",
"text": "Death of a Salesman was welcomed in China."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Willy Loman",
"text": "Willy Loman dreams of being a successful salesman like Dave Singleman, somebody who has both wealth and freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In the United Kingdom",
"text": "Drama critic John Gassner wrote that \"the ecstatic reception accorded Death of Salesman has been reverberating for some time wherever there is an ear for theatre, and it is undoubtedly the best American play since A Streetcar Named Desire.\" The play reached London on July 28, 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | In India",
"text": "Rajinder Paul said that \"Death of a Salesman has only an indirect influence on Indian theatre practitions.\" However, it was translated and produced in Bengali as 'Pheriwalar Mrityu' by the theater group Nandikar."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "It won the Tony Award for Best Play, Best Supporting or Featured Actor (Arthur Kennedy), Best Scenic Design (Jo Mielziner), Producer (Dramatic), Author (Arthur Miller), and Director (Elia Kazan), as well as the 1949 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Play."
}
] |
Death of a Salesman is a 1949 novel by U.S author William Loman.
| 2 | 7 |
Death of a Salesman
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The War of the Pacific (Spanish: The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War (Spanish: Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884."
}
] |
RwyYh3240MajxsWPEHbt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The 1929 Tacna–Arica compromise gave Arica to Chile and Tacna to Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Peace | Peace treaty between Chile and Peru",
"text": "Finally, in 1929, mediation under US President Herbert Hoover caused the Treaty of Lima to be signed by which Chile kept Arica, and Peru reacquired Tacna."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The War of the Pacific (Spanish: The War of the Pacific (Spanish: Guerra del Pacífico), also known as the Saltpeter War (Spanish: Guerra del salitre) and by multiple other names, was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–Peruvian alliance from 1879 to 1884."
},
{
"section_header": "Peace | Peace treaty between Chile and Peru",
"text": "Chile was also to occupy the provinces of Tacna and Arica for 10 years, when a plebiscite was to be held to determine nationality."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Battles were fought in the Pacific Ocean, the Atacama Desert, the Peruvian deserts, and the mountainous regions in the Andes."
},
{
"section_header": "Peace | Peace treaty between Chile and Peru",
"text": "On October 20, 1883, hostilities between Chile and Peru formally came to an end under the Treaty of Ancón, whose terms had Peru formally cede Tarapacá Province to Chile, and the use of the guano and nitrate resources to repay Peru's debts were regulated."
},
{
"section_header": "War | Land war | Campaign of Tacna and Arica",
"text": "Meanwhile, Chile continued its advances in the Tacna and Arica Campaign."
},
{
"section_header": "Peace | Peace treaty between Bolivia and Chile",
"text": "In return, Chile agreed to build the Arica–"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peru, bound to Bolivia by a secret 1873 treaty of alliance, tried to mediate the dispute but on 1 March 1879, Bolivia declared war on Chile and called on Peru to activate its alliance while Chile demanded for Peru to declare its neutrality."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Secret Treaty of Alliance of 1873",
"text": "That threw the balance of power in the South Pacific toward Chile."
}
] |
The War of the Pacific was a war between Chile and a Bolivian–American alliance from 1879 to 1884, in which the 1929 Tacna–Arica compromise gave Arica to Chile and Tacna to Peru.
| 0 | 0 |
War of the Pacific
|
History
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "William Wallace was a member of the lesser nobility, but little is definitely known of his family history or even his parentage."
}
] |
RxG2486dFY9EVv0LoDjB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Marriage",
"text": "The identity of Wallace's wife is not known for certain."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "William Wallace was a member of the lesser nobility, but little is definitely known of his family history or even his parentage."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Wallace's brothers Malcolm and John are known from other sources."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Film",
"text": "A well-known account of Wallace's life is presented in the film Braveheart (1995), directed by and starring Mel Gibson as Wallace, written by Randall Wallace, and filmed in Scotland and Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "There is no contemporary evidence linking him with either location, although both areas had connections with the wider Wallace family."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Records show early members of the family as holding estates at Riccarton, Tarbolton, and Auchincruive in Kyle, and Stenton in East Lothian."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle of Falkirk",
"text": "It also suggests that Wallace may have intended to travel to Rome, although it is not known if he did."
},
{
"section_header": "Political crisis in Scotland",
"text": "The lack of a clear heir led to a period known as the \"Great Cause\", with a total of thirteen contenders laying claim to the throne."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Film",
"text": "The film was criticised for inaccuracies regarding Wallace's title, love interests, and attire."
},
{
"section_header": "Silent years prior to the Wars of Independence",
"text": "Wallace's personal seal bears the archer's insignia, so he may have fought as an archer in Edward's army."
}
] |
Not much is known about Wallace's family tree or who his parents were.
| 1 | 6 |
William Wallace
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American."
}
] |
RxO6KdcVXWxHoPEtBkIi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Kardashian, Kim; Kardashian, Kourtney; Kardashian, Khloé (2010)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-312-62807-9. Kardashian, Kim; Kardashian, Kourtney; Kardashian, Khloé (2011)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Celebrity list, Kim Kardashian West: Selfish written by Kim Kardashian."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Breakthrough with reality television (2006–2009)",
"text": "Kardashian filed a lawsuit against Vivid Entertainment, who distributed the film as Kim Kardashian, Superstar."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Focus on social media (2014–present)",
"text": "In June 2014, Kardashian released a mobile game for iPhone and Android called Kim Kardashian: Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Breakthrough with reality television (2006–2009)",
"text": "Kardashian was the third contestant to be eliminated."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religion",
"text": "Khloe Kardashian was appointed the godmother of North."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Kardashian Konfidential. St. Martin's Press."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Breakthrough with reality television (2006–2009)",
"text": "That December, Kardashian posed in a nude pictorial for Playboy."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health and pregnancies",
"text": "Kardashian began suffering from psoriasis at the age of 30."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Their mother is of Dutch, English, Irish, and Scottish ancestry, while their father was a third-generation Armenian-American."
}
] |
Kardashian has European roots.
| 0 | 0 |
Kim Kardashian
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With an apparent magnitude of 3.4, the Andromeda Galaxy is among the brightest of the Messier objects, making it visible to the naked eye from Earth on moonless nights, even when viewed from areas with moderate light pollution."
}
] |
Ry8TPGUZ7TOvbzJreo94
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Observation history",
"text": "In 1764, Charles Messier cataloged Andromeda as object M31 and incorrectly credited Marius as the discoverer despite it being visible to the naked eye."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "With an apparent magnitude of 3.4, the Andromeda Galaxy is among the brightest of the Messier objects, making it visible to the naked eye from Earth on moonless nights, even when viewed from areas with moderate light pollution."
},
{
"section_header": "Amateur observing",
"text": "The Andromeda Galaxy is the most distant object and the only spiral galaxy outside our Milky Way able to be seen with the naked eye."
},
{
"section_header": "Amateur observing",
"text": "From the Southern Hemisphere the Andromeda Galaxy is visible between October and December, best viewed from as far north as possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Based on its appearance in visible light, the Andromeda Galaxy is classified as an SA(s)b galaxy in the de Vaucouleurs–Sandage extended classification system of spiral galaxies."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "This ring is hidden from visible light images of the galaxy because it is composed primarily of cold dust, and most of the star formation that is taking place in the Andromeda Galaxy is concentrated there."
},
{
"section_header": "PA-99-N2 event and possible exoplanet in galaxy",
"text": "PA-99-N2 was a microlensing event detected in the Andromeda Galaxy in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Collision with the Milky Way",
"text": "This makes the Andromeda Galaxy one of about 100 observable blueshifted galaxies."
},
{
"section_header": "General | Mass estimates",
"text": "Simulations of galaxies indicate the halo formed at the same time as the Andromeda Galaxy."
},
{
"section_header": "General | Luminosity estimates",
"text": "The estimated luminosity of Andromeda Galaxy, ~2.6×1010 L☉, is about 25% higher than that of our own galaxy."
}
] |
The Andromeda Galaxy is not visible to the naked eye.
| 1 | 3 |
Andromeda Galaxy
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The first crude depiction of a coach was in an English manuscript from the 13th century."
}
] |
Ry9YhxAmiGoFojFNN30S
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The stagecoach was a closed four-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses or hard-going mules."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It was used as a public conveyance on an established route usually to a regular schedule."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The novelty of this method of transport excited much controversy at the time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Improved coach design",
"text": "Steel springs had been used in suspensions for vehicles since 1695."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Widely used before steam-powered, rail transport was available, a stagecoach made long scheduled trips using stage stations or posts where the stagecoach's horses would be replaced by fresh horses."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "By the mid 17th century, a basic stagecoach infrastructure had been put in place."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "a \"great evil [...] mischievous to trade and destructive to the public health\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A stagecoach is a four-wheeled public coach used to carry paying passengers and light packages on journeys long enough to need a change of horses."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "By the end of the 17th century stagecoach routes ran up and down the three main roads in England."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "Stagecoaches also became widely adopted for travel in and around London by mid-century and generally travelled at a few miles per hour."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Origins",
"text": "The first crude depiction of a coach was in an English manuscript from the 13th century."
}
] |
The stagecoach was a closed four-wheeled vehicle used as a public transporter in the West and originated in the 12th century by the Macedonians.
| 0 | 0 |
Stagecoach
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "In 1962, Bette Davis became the first person to secure 10 Academy Award nominations for acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A recipient of two Academy Awards, she was the first thespian to garner ten nominations."
}
] |
Ryo9WnDV53THfIz7OUfV
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "The academy's nomination and winner database notes this under the 1934 best actress category and under the Bette Davis search."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "In 1962, Bette Davis became the first person to secure 10 Academy Award nominations for acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "For a period of time in the 1930s, the Academy revealed the second- and third-place vote getters in each category, Davis placed third for best actress above the officially nominated Grace Moore."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "\" The New York Times Davis established several Oscar milestones."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1930–1936: Early years in Hollywood",
"text": "This prompted an announcement from the Academy president, Howard Estabrook, who said that under the circumstances, \"any voter ... may write on the ballot his or her personal choice for the winners\", thus allowing, for the only time in the Academy's history, the consideration of a candidate not officially nominated for an award."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "and, when she was not nominated for an Academy Award, several influential people mounted a campaign to have her name included."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1949–1960: Starting a freelance career",
"text": "She was again nominated for an Academy Award, and critics such as Gene Ringgold described her Margo as her \"all-time best performance\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "Among them, she became the first person to earn five consecutive Academy Award nominations for acting, all in the Best Actress category (1938–1942)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A recipient of two Academy Awards, she was the first thespian to garner ten nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Academy Awards",
"text": "Since then only three people have surpassed this figure, Meryl Streep (with 21 nominations and three wins), Katharine Hepburn (12 nominations and four wins), and Jack Nicholson (12 nominations and three wins) with Laurence Olivier matching the number (10 nominations, 1 award).Steven Spielberg purchased Davis' Oscars for Dangerous (1935) and Jezebel (1938), when they were offered for auction for $207,500 and $578,000, respectively, and returned them to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences."
}
] |
Bette Davis is a two time Academy Award winner and she has been nominated over nine times.
| 0 | 1 |
Bette Davis
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "My Antonia, a 1995 made-for-television movie, was adapted from the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and literary significance",
"text": "My Ántonia was enthusiastically received in 1918 when it was first published."
}
] |
RyoZsvTTlbEbZuVMiZob
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "Douglas Sirk's film, The Tarnished Angels, makes reference to My Ántonia as the last book read 12 years earlier by heroine, LaVerne, played by Dorothy Malone."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and literary significance",
"text": "My Ántonia was enthusiastically received in 1918 when it was first published."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "Adapted by Annie Lareau, it ran from November 29-December 30, 2018 at the Center Theater in Seattle, WA."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "My Ántonia ( AN-tə-nee-ə) is a novel published in 1918 by American writer Willa Cather, considered one of her best works."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Books",
"text": "-3-640-14909-4 Ying, Hsiao-ling (1999) The Quest for Self-actualization: Female protagonists in Willa Cather's Prairie trilogy Bookman Books, Taipei, Taiwan, ISBN 957-586-795-5"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and literary significance",
"text": "Instead, each book contains thematic contrasts."
},
{
"section_header": "Narration",
"text": "The novel is divided into sections called Books: I The Shimerdas, II"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the final book of her \"prairie trilogy\" of novels, preceded by O Pioneers!"
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "She discovers the book in the apartment of the alcoholic reporter, Burke Devlin, played by Rock Hudson."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions to the novel",
"text": "In the final scene, as LaVerne boards her plane, Burke hands LaVerne the book, My Ántonia."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "My Antonia, a 1995 made-for-television movie, was adapted from the novel."
}
] |
The My Ántonia film was derived from the book released in 1918.
| 0 | 2 |
My Antonia
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Seger's first marriage to Renee Andrietti in 1968 lasted for \"one day short of a year\"."
}
] |
RzCRgARdsWux86LdDVyd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He married Juanita Dorricott in 1993, in a small private setting at The Village Club, in Bloomfield Hills; they have two children."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Seger's first marriage to Renee Andrietti in 1968 lasted for \"one day short of a year\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years: 1988–present",
"text": "In 2005, Seger was featured singing with 3 Doors Down on the song \"Landing in London\" from their Seventeen Days album."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In 1987, he married actress Annette Sinclair and they divorced one year later."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years: 1988–present",
"text": "Seger did go back on the road again for a 1996 tour, which was successful and sold the fourth-largest number of tickets of any North American tour that year. (Seger was once known for his concerts in small venues, as witnessed with his appearance at the 18th Amendment in Omaha, Nebraska.) Seger took a sabbatical from the music business for about ten years to spend time with his wife and two young children."
},
{
"section_header": "Regional favorite and first national hit: 1961–1976 | The Bob Seger System",
"text": "He returned the following year and put out the System's final album, 1970's Mongrel, this time without Tom Neme."
},
{
"section_header": "Regional favorite and first national hit: 1961–1976 | The Bob Seger System",
"text": "The System's first single with Capitol was the anti-war message song \"2 + 2 = ?\", which reflected a marked change in Seger's political attitudes from \"The Ballad of the Yellow Beret\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years: 1988–present",
"text": "A few weeks later, on January 18, 2017, Seger gave away the single \"Glenn Song\" on his website as a tribute marking the one year death of Eagles founding member Glenn Frey, with whom Seger was close friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years: 1988–present",
"text": "Bob Seger's next record was 1991's The Fire Inside, at a time when glam metal, grunge and alternative rock were taking the forefront."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Seger also went to Lincoln Park High School for a time."
}
] |
Bob Seger got married 3 times and his first two marriages only eclipsed the 1 year mark.
| 0 | 0 |
Bob Seger
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957."
}
] |
RzQGO4hrOAO546ODAofy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and the Truman administration",
"text": "McCarthy characterized Truman and the Democratic Party as soft on, or even in league with, Communists, and spoke of the Democrats' \"twenty years of treason\"."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Tydings Committee",
"text": "Many Democrats were incensed at McCarthy's attack on the State Department of a Democratic administration, and had hoped to use the hearings to discredit him."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career | Senate campaign",
"text": "In the general election against Democratic opponent Howard J. McMurray, McCarthy won 61.2% to Democrat McMurray's 37.3%, and thus joined Senator Wiley, whom he had challenged unsuccessfully two years earlier, in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "The Democratic candidate, William Proxmire, called the late McCarthy \"a disgrace to Wisconsin, to the Senate, and to America\"."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Tydings Committee",
"text": "The Democratic chairman of the subcommittee, Senator Millard Tydings, was reported to have said, \"Let me have him"
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Censure and the Watkins Committee",
"text": "The Democrats present unanimously favored condemnation and the Republicans were split evenly."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Fame, notoriety, and personal life",
"text": "In the 1952 Senate elections McCarthy was returned to his Senate seat with 54.2% of the vote, compared to Democrat Thomas Fairchild's 45.6%."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | Support from Roman Catholics and the Kennedy family",
"text": "Unlike many Democrats, John F. Kennedy, who served in the Senate with McCarthy from 1953 until the latter's death in 1957, never attacked McCarthy."
},
{
"section_header": "United States Senate | McCarthy and Eisenhower",
"text": "By the end of 1953, McCarthy had altered the \"twenty years of treason\" catchphrase he had coined for the preceding Democratic administrations and began referring to \"twenty-one years of treason\" to include Eisenhower's first year in office."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "While working at a law firm in Shawano, Wisconsin, he launched an unsuccessful campaign for district attorney as a Democrat in 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957."
}
] |
McCarthy was a Democrat.
| 1 | 8 |
Joseph McCarthy
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "The oldest known oral version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means \"Rosy-Cheeks\"."
}
] |
Rzz0gIu3sWyqpKxSGNiv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story of Rhodopis, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo sometime between around 7 BC and AD 23, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is usually considered to be the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "The oldest known oral version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means \"Rosy-Cheeks\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "175–ca. 235) in his Miscellaneous History, which was written entirely in Greek."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), The eagle snatched one of her sandals from her maid and carried it to Memphis; and while the king was administering justice in the open air, the eagle, when it arrived above his head, flung the sandal into his lap; and the king, stirred both by the beautiful shape of the sandal and by the strangeness of the occurrence, sent men in all directions into the country in quest of the woman who wore the sandal; and when she was found in the city of Naucratis, she was brought up to Memphis, became the wife of the king ... The same story is also later reported by the Roman orator Aelian (ca."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "Herodotus, some five centuries before Strabo, records a popular legend about a possibly-related courtesan named Rhodopis in his Histories, claiming that Rhodopis came from Thrace, and was the slave of Iadmon of Samos, and a fellow-slave of the story-teller Aesop and that she was taken to Egypt in the time of Pharaoh Amasis, and freed there for a large sum by Charaxus of Mytilene, brother of Sappho the lyric poet."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "Aelian's story closely resembles the story told by Strabo, but adds that the name of the pharaoh in question was Psammetichus."
},
{
"section_header": "Ancient versions | European versions | Rhodopis",
"text": "Aelian's account indicates that the story of Rhodopis remained popular throughout antiquity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thousands of variants are known throughout the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Works based on the Cinderella story | Films and television",
"text": "Cinderella (1950), a Walt Disney animated feature released on February 15, 1950, now considered one of Disney's classics as well as the most well known film adaptation."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary versions | Aschenputtel, by the Brothers Grimm",
"text": "However, even these may fail to bring you success, without the blessing of a godfather or a godmother.\" Another well-known version was recorded by the German brothers Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in the 19th century."
}
] |
The Greek story of Rhodopis is the most recent known version of Cinderella, recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo.
| 0 | 0 |
Cinderella
|
Technology
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "In 2006, LG overstated energy efficiency on five of its air conditioner models and was again required to offer consumers rebates to cover the extra energy costs."
},
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "In 2004, LG made 4A-rated water efficiency claims for numerous washing machines before they were certified."
}
] |
S09VqHBOGk6ipCQms8v2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Products | Home appliances",
"text": "In June 2014, LG Electronics announced the launch of its smart appliances with HomeChat messaging service in South Korea."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Mobile devices | Mobile phones",
"text": "At Consumer Electronics Show in January 2014, LG announced a US release for the G2 across several major carriers."
},
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "In 2006, LG overstated energy efficiency on five of its air conditioner models and was again required to offer consumers rebates to cover the extra energy costs."
},
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "An investigation was set up to look upon the matter revealed many causes for the accident."
},
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "In 2004, LG made 4A-rated water efficiency claims for numerous washing machines before they were certified."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Home appliances",
"text": "LG manufactures home appliances including refrigerators, washing machines, tumble dryers, vacuum cleaners, air conditioners and microwave ovens."
},
{
"section_header": "Products | Home appliances",
"text": "HomeChat employs LINE, the mobile messenger app from Korean company 'Naver', to let homeowners communicate, control, monitor and share content with LG's smart appliances."
},
{
"section_header": "Environmental record",
"text": "Choice magazine, in independent tests of popular LG fridge models in 2010, found the energy consumption in two models was higher than claimed by LG."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1960s",
"text": "It was established in the aftermath of the Korean War to provide the rebuilding nation with domestically-produced consumer electronics and home appliances."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2000s–present",
"text": "On 5 December 2012, the antitrust regulators of the European Union fined LG Electronics and five other major companies (Samsung, Thomson since 2010 known as Technicolor, Matsushita which today is Panasonic Corp, Philips and Toshiba) for fixing prices of TV cathode-ray tubes in two cartels lasting nearly a decade."
}
] |
LG Electronics has lied about the energy ratings of many of their major appliances.
| 2 | 5 |
LG Electronics
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "The Trojan Women, directed by Marti Maraden, was performed at the Stratford Shakespeare Festival at the Tom Patterson Theatre in Stratford, Ontario, Canada, from May 14 to October 5, 2008 with Canadian actress Martha Henry as Hecuba."
}
] |
S0IRNHekvFSoHA8yvHGM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "His play is called Trojan Women: A Love Story."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Throughout the play, many of the Trojan women lament the loss of the land that reared them."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "With staging by Romanian-born theater director Andrei Serban and music by American composer Elizabeth Swados, this production of The Trojan Women went on to tour more than thirty countries over the course of forty years."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "The Gate to Women's Country. Christine Evans reworks and modernizes the Trojan Women story in her 2009 play Trojan Barbie."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The four Trojan women of the play are the same that appear in the final book of the Iliad lamenting over the corpse of Hector."
},
{
"section_header": "Additional resources",
"text": "Mortal Women of the Trojan War, information on each of the Trojan women"
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "Cypriot-Greek director Mihalis Kakogiannis used Euripides' play (in the famous Edith Hamilton translation) as the basis for his 1971 film The Trojan Women."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Trojan Women was the third tragedy of a trilogy dealing with the Trojan War."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "415 BC was also the year of the scandalous desecration of the hermai and the Athenians' second expedition to Sicily, events which may also have influenced the author."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "In an attempt to reposition The Trojan Women as the third play of a trilogy, Stuttard then reconstructed Euripides’ lost Alexandros and Palamedes (in 2005 and 2006 respectively), to form a 'Trojan Trilogy', which was performed in readings at the British Museum and Tristan Bates Theatre (2007), and Europe House, Smith Square (2012), London."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Treatments and Adaptations",
"text": "The Trojan Women, directed by Marti Maraden, was performed at the Stratford Shakespeare Festival at the Tom Patterson Theatre in Stratford, Ontario, Canada, from May 14 to October 5, 2008 with Canadian actress Martha Henry as Hecuba."
}
] |
The Trojan Women was played in the recent years.
| 0 | 0 |
The Trojan Women
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Activism",
"text": "He also has his own charity foundation, the LeBron James Family Foundation, which is based in Akron."
}
] |
S0K7qn8UYUEXHp7JT1YB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The LeBron James Family Foundation charity builds upon his vision to improve education for students in Akron, Ohio."
},
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Media figure and business interests",
"text": "In 2011, James co-founded the designer retail store UNKNWN in Miami, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Activism",
"text": "He also has his own charity foundation, the LeBron James Family Foundation, which is based in Akron."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Miami Heat | 2011–2013: Back-to-back championships",
"text": "James responded with a 40-point, 18-rebound, and 9-assist outing in Game 4 to help even the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Miami Heat | 2013–2014: Final season in Miami",
"text": "In the second round of the playoffs, he tied a career postseason-high by scoring 49 points in Game 4 against the Brooklyn Nets."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Miami Heat | 2011–2013: Back-to-back championships",
"text": "Late in Game 4 of the series, James hit a three-pointer to give the Heat a lead, helping them win the game despite missing time with leg cramps."
},
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Media figure and business interests",
"text": "In February 2018 it was announced that James's production company will produce a new film in the House Party series with James expected to make a cameo."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "4× NBA Most Valuable Player: 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013"
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Miami Heat | 2011–2013: Back-to-back championships",
"text": "He also decided that his post game needed improvement, so he worked with Hakeem Olajuwon during the off-season."
},
{
"section_header": "Off the court | Activism",
"text": "Make America Great Again huh?\" He then said that \"Our youth deserve better!!\" James also called Trump a \"bum\" after the president rescinded a White House invitation to Stephen Curry."
}
] |
James has 4 aid foundations that are located in Miami, Florida and they are about improving housing for the homeless.
| 2 | 2 |
LeBron James
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later."
}
] |
S0T3NkQ0jk4ei7BINjLA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War II is generally considered to have begun on 1 September 1939, with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Home fronts and production",
"text": "To improve their production, Germany and Japan used millions of slave labourers; Germany used about 12 million people, mostly from Eastern Europe, while Japan used more than 18 million people in Far East Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of the war | Western Europe (1940–41)",
"text": "On 10 June, Italy invaded France, declaring war on both France and the United Kingdom."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 70 to 85 million fatalities."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of the war | War breaks out in Europe (1939–40)",
"text": "The United Kingdom responded with an ultimatum to Germany to cease military operations, and on 3 September, after the ultimatum was ignored, France and Britain declared war on Germany, followed by Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Chronology",
"text": "A treaty regarding Germany's future allowed the reunification of East and West Germany to take place in 1990 and resolved most post-World War II issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact | Casualties and war crimes",
"text": "Most suggest that some 60 million people died in the war, including about 20 million military personnel and 40 million civilians."
},
{
"section_header": "Course of the war | Western Europe (1940–41)",
"text": "The United States started strategic planning to prepare for a full-scale offensive against Germany."
}
] |
World War II involved millions of people and started in Europe with France and England declaring war on Germany after Germany invaded Prague.
| 0 | 0 |
World War II
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ": A Duty-Dance with Death is a science fiction-infused anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut, first published in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The narrator describes the stories of Billy Pilgrim, an American man from the fictional town of Ilium, New York who believes he was held in an alien zoo on the fictional planet of Tralfamadore and has experienced time travel."
}
] |
S1aytYjQ5EGkRFfNPUuR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "In Slaughterhouse Five, they reveal that the universe will be accidentally destroyed by one of their test pilots, and there is nothing they can do about it."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion and philosophy | Christian philosophy",
"text": "Along with asking moral questions, Slaughterhouse-Five is also a novel that focuses on the philosophies of fate and free will."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Rosewater had also suffered a terrible event during the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "He and fellow prisoners-of-war survived the bombing while being held in a deep cellar of Schlachthof Fünf (\"Slaughterhouse-Five\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The work has been called an example of \"unmatched moral clarity\" and \"one of the most enduring antiwar novels of all time\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Like much of his oeuvre, Slaughterhouse-Five is broken into small pieces, and in this case, brief experiences in one point in time."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "The narrator begins the story by describing his connection to the firebombing of Dresden and his reasons for writing Slaughterhouse-Five."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion and philosophy | Christian philosophy",
"text": "Billy Pilgrim considers his fate and actions to be a part of a larger network of actions, his future manipulated by one thing over another based on decision."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Slaughterhouse-Five, or The Children's Crusade"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Censorship controversy",
"text": "Slaughterhouse-Five continues to be controversial."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ": A Duty-Dance with Death is a science fiction-infused anti-war novel by Kurt Vonnegut, first published in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The narrator describes the stories of Billy Pilgrim, an American man from the fictional town of Ilium, New York who believes he was held in an alien zoo on the fictional planet of Tralfamadore and has experienced time travel."
}
] |
Slaughterhouse Five is a non-fictional book about the moral struggle with war and the characters are based on true events.
| 3 | 6 |
Slaughterhouse Five
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Linkin Park is among the best-selling bands of the 21st century and the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 100 million records worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Categorized as alternative rock, Linkin Park’s earlier music spanned a fusion of heavy metal and hip hop, while they later transitioned into more electronica and pop influenced music."
}
] |
S28Z5wzuCnqyJqVInOCX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–2015: The Hunting Party",
"text": "The album was produced by Shinoda and Delson, who wanted to explore musical elements from Hybrid Theory and the band's earlier material."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influences",
"text": "The album has been regarded as a turning point in the band's musical career, having a stronger emphasis on electronica."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "They have won two Grammy Awards, six American Music Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, 10 MTV Europe Music Awards and three World Music Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–2017: One More Light and Bennington's death",
"text": "The band had released a music video for their single \"Talking to Myself\" earlier that day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Categorized as alternative rock, Linkin Park’s earlier music spanned a fusion of heavy metal and hip hop, while they later transitioned into more electronica and pop influenced music."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy and influence",
"text": "The two songs making Linkin Park"
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influences",
"text": "In Minutes to Midnight the band experimented with their established sound and drew influences from a wider and more varied range of genres and styles, a process"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015–2017: One More Light and Bennington's death",
"text": "Bennington had previously performed the song at the funeral for Cornell, who had also died from a suicide by hanging two months earlier."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2013–2015: The Hunting Party",
"text": "In an interview with Fuse, Shinoda confirmed that Linkin Park had begun recording their sixth studio album in May 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and influences",
"text": "Linkin Park combines elements of rock music, hip hop and electronica, and have been categorized as alternative rock, nu metal, alternative metal, rap rock, electronic rock, hard rock, hip hop, rap metal, pop, industrial rock, and pop rock."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Linkin Park is among the best-selling bands of the 21st century and the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 100 million records worldwide."
}
] |
Linkin Park band's earlier music fused two different genres of music.
| 1 | 3 |
Linkin Park
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In January 1535, Pizarro founded the city of Lima."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Pizarro founded the city of Lima on Peru's central coast on 6 January 1535, which he considered to be one of the most important things he had created in life."
}
] |
S2CfMBxztFFe82ticTy5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "The dispute had originated from a disagreement on how to interpret the limit between the governorates."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro is depicted as a major supporting character in The Mysterious Cities of Gold, where he is obsessed with locating one of the seven lost cities of gold."
},
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "Pizarro, Francisco (15 January 2009). \" Cartas del Marqués Don Francisco Pizarro (1533–1541)\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "Pizarro, Francisco (15 January 2009)."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro and de Soto were opposed to Atahualpa's execution, but Francisco consented to the trial due to the \"great agitation among the soldiers\", particularly by Almagro."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "By 1538, it was known she had borne Pizarro two sons, Juan and Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The cities of the Inca Empire were transformed into Spanish Catholic cities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In January 1535, Pizarro founded the city of Lima."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Pizarro founded the city of Lima on Peru's central coast on 6 January 1535, which he considered to be one of the most important things he had created in life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as mayor of the newly founded Panama City for a few years, and undertook two failed expeditions to Peru."
}
] |
Francisco Pizarro was the original creator of a city in Peru
| 0 | 0 |
Francisco Pizarro
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "Anne and Frémon fled to Williamsburg on July 10, 1811, later settling in Norfolk, Virginia, taking with them household slaves Anne had inherited."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "The couple later settled in Savannah, Georgia, where she gave birth to their son Frémont out of wedlock."
}
] |
S2dNjbKfos0S5bCpfLAv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "John Charles Frémont was born on January 21, 1813, the son of Charles Frémon, a French-Canadian immigrant school-teacher, and Anne Beverley Whiting, the youngest daughter of socially prominent Virginia planter Col. Thomas Whiting."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Library in Florence, ColoradoSchools and school districts: Fremont Unified School District, Fremont, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Middle School, Roseburg, Oregon"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Senior High School, Los Angeles"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary School Carson City, Nevada"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "Hospitals: John C. Fremont Hospital, Mariposa, California (where Frémont and his wife lived during the Gold Rush) Fremont Hospital, Yuba City, CaliforniaLibraries: John C. Fremont Branch Library on Melrose Avenue in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Places",
"text": "The John C. Fremont Trail (the path of Fremont's march into Santa Barbara, California in December 1846) Fremont Campground in the Los Padres National Forest"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary Modesto, California Frémont Elementary School, Long Beach, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Charles Frémont or Fremont (January 21, 1813 – July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, military officer, and politician."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Other commemorations",
"text": "The Fremont Cannon, the \"largest and most expensive trophy in college football is a replica of a cannon that accompanied Captain John C. Frémont on his expedition through Oregon, Nevada and California in 1843–44\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "Anne and Frémon fled to Williamsburg on July 10, 1811, later settling in Norfolk, Virginia, taking with them household slaves Anne had inherited."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "The couple later settled in Savannah, Georgia, where she gave birth to their son Frémont out of wedlock."
}
] |
John C. Fremont was the child of Anne Whiting and Charles Fremont.
| 1 | 4 |
John C. Frémont
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It initially appeared in a censored and serialised version, published by the British illustrated newspaper The Graphic in 1891, then in book form in three volumes in 1891, and as a single volume in 1892."
}
] |
S2uXX1vlb8pPMVInNXV8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "He notices Tess too late to dance with her, as he is already late in returning to his brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though now considered a major 19th-century English novel, even Hardy's fictional masterpiece, Tess of the d'Urbervilles received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual morals of late Victorian England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Late one night, walking home from town with some other Trantridge villagers, Tess inadvertently antagonizes Car Darch, Alec's most recently discarded favourite, and finds herself in physical danger."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the Seventh: Fulfilment (53–59)",
"text": "He tenderly asks her forgiveness, but Tess, in anguish, tells him he has come too late."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Tess fails to meet Mrs. d'Urberville, but chances on her libertine son, Alec, who takes a fancy to Tess and secures her a position as poultry keeper on the estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "That same day, Tess participates in the village May Dance, where she first sees Angel Clare, youngest son of Reverend James Clare."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Tess feels so guilty over Prince's death and the economic consequences for the family that she agrees, against her better judgment, to visit Mrs. d'Urberville, a rich widow in a rural mansion near the town of Trantridge, and \"claim kin\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "She is unaware that in reality, Mrs. d'Urberville's husband Simon Stoke adopted the surname, even though he was unrelated to the real d'Urbervilles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "However, John is given the impression by Parson Tringham that he may have noble blood, as \"Durbeyfield\" is a corruption of \"d'Urberville\", the surname of an extinct noble Norman family."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the Sixth: The Convert (45–52)",
"text": "Tess enters the church and in the d'Urberville Aisle, Alec reappears and importunes Tess again."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It initially appeared in a censored and serialised version, published by the British illustrated newspaper The Graphic in 1891, then in book form in three volumes in 1891, and as a single volume in 1892."
}
] |
Tess of the d'Urbervilles was first printed in the late 1800s.
| 0 | 0 |
Tess of the d'Urbervilles
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1979–1991: \"Showtime\"",
"text": "It took Johnson's teammates time to acclimate themselves to his passing ability, as his \"no-look\" passes often caught them unaware."
}
] |
S39FLlhZCnZuDitwz0SR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Head coaches",
"text": "George Mikan, Jim Pollard, Jerry West, Pat Riley, Magic Johnson, Kurt Rambis, Byron Scott and Luke Walton have all played and head coached for the Lakers."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1996–2016: The Kobe Bryant era | 1996–2004: O'Neal and Bryant dynasty",
"text": "The series would go on to be known as one of the greatest playoff matchups in NBA history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The 1980s Lakers were nicknamed \"Showtime\" due to their fast break-offense led by Magic Johnson."
},
{
"section_header": "Head coaches",
"text": "There have been 22 head coaches for the Lakers franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1991–1996: Post-\"Showtime\" dry spell",
"text": "After some run-ins with Van Exel, displeasure with Harris's strategies, and a first round loss to the Rockets, Johnson decided to retire for the final time after the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Head coaches",
"text": "Assistant coach Bernie Bickerstaff served as interim head coach for five games before the Lakers selected Mike D'Antoni as their new head coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 2016–present: Post-Bryant era",
"text": "On February 21, 2017, the Lakers fired general manager Mitch Kupchak, while Magic Johnson was named as the president of basketball operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1991–1996: Post-\"Showtime\" dry spell",
"text": "On November 7, 1991, Magic Johnson announced he had tested positive for HIV and would retire immediately."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Famers, retired and honored numbers",
"text": "6 In total, Johnson was inducted into the Hall of Fame twice – as player and as a member of the 1992 Olympic team."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1991–1996: Post-\"Showtime\" dry spell",
"text": "Magic Johnson, would coach the final 16 games of the season with former teammate Michael Cooper as his lead assistant."
},
{
"section_header": "Team history | 1979–1991: \"Showtime\"",
"text": "It took Johnson's teammates time to acclimate themselves to his passing ability, as his \"no-look\" passes often caught them unaware."
}
] |
Magic Johnson liked signal he was going to send the ball to one of the members of his team, the Lakers, by slightly angling his head in that person's direction.
| 0 | 0 |
Los Angeles Lakers
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The other major powers in Europe were not willing to tolerate the potential union of two such powerful states."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip to take the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe."
}
] |
S3MfoJzf68TRqrO5CGAZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "Spain under Philip V signed separate peace treaties with Savoy and Great Britain at Utrecht on 13 July."
},
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "Negotiations at Utrecht dragged on into the next year, for the peace treaty between Spain and the Netherlands was only signed on 26 June 1714 and that between Spain and Portugal on 6 February 1715.Several other treaties came out of the congress of Utrecht."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Peace of Utrecht is a series of peace treaties signed by the belligerents in the War of the Spanish Succession, in the Dutch city of Utrecht between April 1713 and February 1715."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The treaties between several European states, including Spain, Great Britain, France, Portugal, Savoy and the Dutch Republic, helped end the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The Treaty stipulated that \"because of the great danger which threatened the liberty and safety of all Europe, from the too close conjunction of the kingdoms of Spain and France, ... one and the same person should never become King of both kingdoms\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Responses to the treaties",
"text": "The treaty's territorial provisions did not go as far as the Whigs in Britain would have liked, considering that the French had made overtures for peace in 1706 and again in 1709."
},
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "These were five separate treaties between France and Great Britain, the Netherlands, Savoy, Prussia and Portugal."
},
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "France and Great Britain had come to terms in October 1711, when the preliminaries of peace had been signed in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Negotiations",
"text": "Great Britain signed a like treaty with Spain (9 December 1713)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Performances of Peace: Utrecht 1713 (2015)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The other major powers in Europe were not willing to tolerate the potential union of two such powerful states."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Essentially, the treaties allowed Philip to take the Spanish throne in return for permanently renouncing his claim to the French throne, along with other necessary guarantees that would ensure that France and Spain should not merge, thus preserving the balance of power in Europe."
}
] |
The Peace of Utrecht was made to avoid a merge between the kingdoms of Great Britain and Spain.
| 0 | 0 |
Treaty of Utrecht
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011."
}
] |
S3Y0peZDWHAlRgMzbQ6E
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Early education and bodybuilding beginnings",
"text": "The training paid off and, in 1967, Schwarzenegger won the title for the first time, becoming the youngest ever Mr. Universe at the age of 20."
},
{
"section_header": "Bodybuilding career",
"text": "He won Mr. Europe the following year, at age 19."
},
{
"section_header": "Bodybuilding career | Mr. Olympia",
"text": "However, Schwarzenegger came back in 1970 and won the competition, making him the youngest ever Mr. Olympia at the age of 23, a record he still holds to this day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Schwarzenegger began lifting weights at the age of 15, and went on to win the Mr. Universe title at age 20 before winning the Mr. Olympia contest seven times; he remains a prominent presence in bodybuilding and has written many books and articles on the sport."
},
{
"section_header": "Books",
"text": "Arnold: Developing a Mr. Universe Physique."
},
{
"section_header": "Bodybuilding career",
"text": "His bodybuilding victories included five Mr. Universe wins (4 – NABBA [England], 1 – IFBB [USA]), and seven Mr. Olympia wins, a record which would stand until Lee Haney won his eighth consecutive Mr. Olympia title in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Bodybuilding career | Mr. Olympia",
"text": "Although significantly taller and heavier, Lou Ferrigno proved not to be a threat, and a lighter-than-usual Schwarzenegger convincingly won the 1975 Mr. Olympia."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Autobiography",
"text": "The majority of his book is about his successes in the three major chapters in his life: bodybuilder, actor, and Governor of California."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Early education and bodybuilding beginnings",
"text": "Mr. Universe competition in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Bodybuilding career | Mr. Olympia",
"text": "After the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, Schwarzenegger announced his retirement from professional bodybuilding."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as the 38th Governor of California from 2003 to 2011."
}
] |
Actor and bodybuilder Arnold Schwarzenegger was governor of California and won Mr. Universe at age 20.
| 0 | 0 |
Arnold Schwarzenegger
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its name is derived from the Greek word"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Σείριος Seirios \"glowing\" or \"scorching\"."
}
] |
S3Z9WZtb5V5jC181A1sV
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "The Greek word itself may have been imported from elsewhere before the Archaic period, one authority suggesting a link with the Egyptian god Osiris."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its name is derived from the Greek word"
},
{
"section_header": "Stellar system | Sirius A",
"text": "{H}}}}\\right]=0.5} , meaning iron is 316% as abundant as in the Sun's atmosphere."
},
{
"section_header": "Observational history | Kinematics",
"text": "Compared to the modern value of −5.5 km/s, this was an overestimate and had the wrong sign; the minus sign (−) means that it is approaching the Sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "From there is it sent via the Sun to the god of Earth (Sanat Kumara), and finally through the seven Masters of the Seven Rays to the human race."
},
{
"section_header": "Observational history",
"text": "To Greek observers, this signified emanations that caused its malignant influence."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "The proper name \"Sirius\" comes from the Latin Sīrius, from the Ancient Greek Σείριος (Seirios, \"glowing\" or \"scorcher\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "Homer, in the Iliad, describes the approach of Achilles toward Troy in these words: In Iranian mythology, especially in Persian mythology and in Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion of Persia, Sirius appears as Tishtrya and is revered as the rain-maker divinity (Tishtar of New Persian poetry)."
},
{
"section_header": "Observational history",
"text": "The ancient Greeks observed that the appearance of Sirius heralded the hot and dry summer and feared that it caused plants to wilt, men to weaken, and women to become aroused."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "The Ancient Greeks thought that Sirius's emanations could affect dogs adversely, making them behave abnormally during the \"dog days\", the hottest days of the summer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Σείριος Seirios \"glowing\" or \"scorching\"."
}
] |
Sirius is from a Greek word meaning God.
| 1 | 2 |
Sirius
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Cymbeline, the Roman Empire's vassal king of Britain, once had two sons, Guiderius and Arvirargus, but they were stolen twenty years earlier as infants by an exiled traitor named Belarius."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The treacherous Queen is now wasting away due to the disappearance of her son Cloten."
}
] |
S3w7QjNeDIxaAto5mQz7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cymbeline , also known as The Tragedie of Cymbeline or Cymbeline, King of Britain, is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain (c. 10–14) and based on legends that formed part of the Matter of Britain concerning the early Celtic British King Cunobeline."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation | British identity",
"text": "The play reinforces the Jacobean idea that Britain is the successor to the civilised virtue of ancient Rome, portraying the parochialism and isolationism of Cloten and the Queen as villainous."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "He cut the Queen, reduced the action to two places (the court and a forest in Wales)."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Cymbeline, the Roman Empire's vassal king of Britain, once had two sons, Guiderius and Arvirargus, but they were stolen twenty years earlier as infants by an exiled traitor named Belarius."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The treacherous Queen is now wasting away due to the disappearance of her son Cloten."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation | British identity",
"text": "As noted by Peter A. Parolin, Cymbeline’s scenes ostensibly set in ancient Rome are in fact anachronistic portrayals of sixteenth-century Italy, which was characterised by contemporary British authors as a place where vice, debauchery, and treachery had supplanted the virtue of ancient Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Screen adaptations",
"text": "The film was produced by the Thanhouser Company and starred Florence La Badie as Imogen, James Cruze as Posthumus, William Garwood as Iachimo, William Russell as Cymbeline, and Jean Darnell as the Queen."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation | British identity",
"text": "Other critics have resisted the idea that Cymbeline endorses James I's ideas about national identity, pointing to several characters' conflicted constructions of their geographic identities."
},
{
"section_header": "Date and text",
"text": "Milford Haven is not known to have been used during the period (early 1st century AD) in which Cymbeline is set, and it is not known why Shakespeare used it in the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In 2004 and 2014, the Hudson Shakespeare Company of New Jersey produced two distinct versions of the play."
}
] |
Cymbeline is a play by William Shakespeare set in Ancient Britain is about two boys with a stolen identity and the consequences of the action taken by a treacherous Queen.
| 0 | 0 |
Cymbeline
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture | In video games",
"text": "The lighthouse was one of the Wonders of the World that could be built in the 1991 computer game Civilization, giving a bonus to ship movement."
}
] |
S3yj5dKoEVedNibbOv6s
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, for many centuries it was one of the tallest man-made structures in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture | In video games",
"text": "The lighthouse was one of the Wonders of the World that could be built in the 1991 computer game Civilization, giving a bonus to ship movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture | In video games",
"text": "The lighthouse is featured as a wonder in the 2013 strategy game, Total War: Rome II, where it gives a minor boost to the faction occupying Alexandria."
},
{
"section_header": "Archaeological research and rediscovery",
"text": "The secretariat of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage is currently working with the Government of Egypt on an initiative to add the Bay of Alexandria (including the remains of the lighthouse) to a World Heritage List of submerged cultural sites."
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Alexandria and Pharos were later connected by a mole spanning more than 1,200 metres (0.75 miles), which was called the Heptastadion (\"seven stadia\"—a stadium was a Greek unit of length measuring approximately 180 m)."
},
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture | In literature",
"text": "Ibn Battuta visited the lighthouse in 1326, finding \"one of its faces in ruins,\" yet he could enter and noted a place for the guardian of the lighthouse to sit and many other chambers."
},
{
"section_header": "Height and description",
"text": "Battuta detailed plans of Sultan An-Nasir Muhammad to build a new lighthouse near the site of the collapsed one, but the plans were never fulfilled after the sultan's death in 1341."
},
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture",
"text": "The lighthouse remains a civic symbol of the city of Alexandria and of the Alexandria Governorate with which the city is more or less coterminous."
},
{
"section_header": "Proposed reconstruction",
"text": "In 2015, the Egyptian government and the Alexandria governorate suggested building a skyscraper on the site of the lighthouse as part of the regeneration of the eastern harbour of Alexandria Port."
},
{
"section_header": "Pharos in culture | In video games",
"text": "The Lighthouse of Alexandria is a \"Great Building\" available in the web-based game Forge of Empires."
}
] |
The Lighthouse of Alexandria is not one of the seven wonders of the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Lighthouse of Alexandria
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Applications | Measurement",
"text": "A tribometer is an instrument that measures friction on a surface."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Measurement",
"text": "A profilograph is a device used to measure pavement surface roughness."
}
] |
S4Ot7ysSzMtAkkNA2OXX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Applications | Transportation",
"text": "Incidentally, dispersing this large amount of heat safely is one technical challenge in designing brake systems."
},
{
"section_header": "Reducing friction | Lubricants",
"text": "A very small amount of frictional energy would still be dissipated."
},
{
"section_header": "Energy of friction",
"text": "When an object is pushed along a surface along a path C, the energy converted to heat is given by a line integral, in accordance with the definition of work E t"
},
{
"section_header": "Dry friction | Coefficient of friction",
"text": "Both static and kinetic coefficients of friction depend on the pair of surfaces in contact; for a given pair of surfaces, the coefficient of static friction is usually larger than that of kinetic friction; in some sets the two coefficients are equal, such as teflon-on-teflon."
},
{
"section_header": "Dry friction | Kinetic friction",
"text": "} . New models are beginning to show how kinetic friction can be greater than static friction."
},
{
"section_header": "Dry friction | Static friction",
"text": "a x {\\displaystyle F_{max}\\,} attempting to slide one surface over the other is opposed by a frictional force of equal magnitude and opposite direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Dry friction | Coefficient of friction",
"text": "Coefficients of friction range from near zero to greater than one."
},
{
"section_header": "Lubricated friction",
"text": "Lubrication is a technique employed to reduce wear of one or both surfaces in close proximity moving relative to each another by interposing a substance called a lubricant between the surfaces."
},
{
"section_header": "Dry friction | Kinetic friction",
"text": "However, Richard Feynman comments that \"with dry metals it is very hard to show any difference.\" The friction force between two surfaces after sliding begins is the product of the coefficient of kinetic friction and the normal force: F k"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Frank Philip Bowden and David Tabor (1950) showed that, at a microscopic level, the actual area of contact between surfaces is a very small fraction of the apparent area."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Measurement",
"text": "A tribometer is an instrument that measures friction on a surface."
},
{
"section_header": "Applications | Measurement",
"text": "A profilograph is a device used to measure pavement surface roughness."
}
] |
Profilometers show the amount of friction on a given surface.
| 0 | 0 |
Friction
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453, it was converted to a mosque by Mehmed the Conqueror."
}
] |
S4ZLgI3MPRyIUzi9sne7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1453, after the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire, it was converted into a Muslim mosque."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453, it was converted to a mosque by Mehmed the Conqueror."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Mosque (1453–1935)",
"text": "Mehmed attended the first Friday prayer in the mosque on 1 June 1453."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Mosque (1453–1935)",
"text": "When Sultan Mehmed and his entourage entered the church, he ordered that it be converted into a mosque at once."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reversion to mosque (2018–present)",
"text": "It is the fourth Byzantine church converted from museum to a mosque during Erdoğan's rule."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reversion to mosque (2018–present) | International reaction",
"text": "The Muslim Brotherhood was also in favour of the news."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Mosque (1453–1935)",
"text": "Constantinople fell to the attacking Ottoman forces on 29 May 1453."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reversion to mosque (2018–present)",
"text": "The mayor of Istanbul, Ekrem İmamoğlu, said that he supports the conversion \"as long as it benefits Turkey\", adding that he always said that Hagia Sophia is a mosque and for him it has remained a mosque since 1453."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reversion to mosque (2018–present) | International reaction",
"text": "Pakistani politician Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi of the Pakistan Muslim League (Q) welcomed the ruling, claiming it was \"not only in accordance with the wishes of the people of Turkey but the entire Muslim world\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Reversion to mosque (2018–present) | International reaction",
"text": "When President Erdoğan announced that the first Muslim prayers would be held inside the building on 24 July, he added that \"like all our mosques, the doors of Hagia Sophia will be wide open to locals and foreigners, Muslims and non-Muslims.\" Presidential spokesman İbrahim Kalın said that the icons and mosaics of the building would be preserved, and that \"in regards to the arguments of secularism, religious tolerance and coexistence, there are more than four hundred churches and synagogues open in Turkey today."
}
] |
It was converted into a Muslim mosque in 1453.
| 0 | 0 |
Hagia Sophia
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Richard III was killed and his forces defeated at Bosworth Field, Henry assumed the throne as Henry VII and married Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV, thereby uniting the two claims."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, represented by a red rose, and the House of York, represented by a white rose."
}
] |
S5C9WBfObQCqdnEddAUQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Later stages | Henry VII",
"text": "Many historians consider the accession of Henry VII to mark the end of the Wars of the Roses."
},
{
"section_header": "Later stages | Richard III",
"text": "The restoration of Edward IV in 1471 is sometimes seen as marking the end of the Wars of the Roses proper."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession",
"text": "The question of succession after Edward III's death in 1377 is said to be the cause of the Wars of the Roses."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Henry VI",
"text": "Some authorities date the start of the War of the Roses from the death of Humphrey."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The wars heralded the end of the medieval period in England and the movement towards the Renaissance."
},
{
"section_header": "Name and symbols",
"text": "The name \"Wars of the Roses\" refers to the heraldic badges associated with two rival branches of the same royal house, the White Rose of York and the Red Rose of Lancaster."
},
{
"section_header": "Middle stages | Yorkist triumph",
"text": "The Battle of Towton, near York, was the biggest battle of the Wars of the Roses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival cadet branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster, represented by a red rose, and the House of York, represented by a white rose."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Disputed succession | House of York",
"text": "G.M. Trevelyan has written that \"the Wars of the Roses were to a large extent a quarrel between Welsh Marcher Lords, who were also great English nobles, closely related to the English throne.\" Anne de Mortimer had died in 1411."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins of the conflict | Henry VI",
"text": "In 1450, there was a violent popular revolt in Kent, Jack Cade's Rebellion, which is often seen as the prelude to the Wars of the Roses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Richard III was killed and his forces defeated at Bosworth Field, Henry assumed the throne as Henry VII and married Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV, thereby uniting the two claims."
}
] |
The Wars of the Roses was a dispute and was ended by the unity by marriage .
| 0 | 0 |
Wars of the Roses
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Marriage",
"text": "The couple never had children during their fourteen years of marriage."
}
] |
S62FBfDM5BrCcrhBkTGe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Supervision of shipbuilding",
"text": "Decatur and his wife Susan lived together all through this period."
},
{
"section_header": "War of 1812 | Command of USS President",
"text": "He was also allowed to write a letter to his wife."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "By an act of Congress on March 3, 1837, she was granted a pension retroactive to Decatur's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "At this point Decatur requested that his will be brought forward so as to receive his signature, granting his wife all his worldly possessions, with directives as to who would be the executors of his will."
},
{
"section_header": "First Barbary War | Second attack on Tripoli",
"text": "Making their way into the west end of Tripoli harbor, they began bombarding Tripoli on August 3, 1804.Preble divided his gunboats into two divisions, putting Decatur in command of the second division."
},
{
"section_header": "Quasi-War",
"text": "Upon returning home and arriving on the Delaware River on April 3, 1800, it was discovered that United States had incurred damage from the storms she had weathered at sea."
},
{
"section_header": "Supervision of shipbuilding",
"text": "In the spring of 1806, Decatur was given command of a squadron of gunboats stationed in the Chesapeake Bay at Norfolk, Virginia, the home of his future wife, Susan Wheeler."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Decatur was born on January 5, 1779 in Sinepuxent, Maryland, to Stephen Decatur Sr., a merchant captain and later an officer in the young American navy during the American Revolution, and his wife Ann (Pine) Decatur."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Decatur did not tell his wife, Susan, about the forthcoming duel but instead wrote to her father asking that he come to Washington to stay with her, using language that suggested that he was facing a duel and that he might lose his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Before allowing himself to be carried in, he insisted that his wife and nieces be taken upstairs, sparing them the sight of his grave condition."
},
{
"section_header": "Marriage",
"text": "The couple never had children during their fourteen years of marriage."
}
] |
Decatur had 3 kids with his wife.
| 0 | 0 |
Stephen Decatur
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Feige said this was done because the film is Marvel's first since Lee died, and they wanted to start the film by acknowledging him with a celebration of his legacy rather than add a somber memorial to the end of the film."
}
] |
S6LRP1USD8LDjLgxFitG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Mar-Vell was originally written as a male love interest to Danvers as in the comics, but after struggling to cast the character co-director Anna Boden suggested that they cast a woman instead, and tie her into the Supreme Intelligence storyline by combining those characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Audience response",
"text": "The announcement said this was part of a larger redesign of the site, and that the \"Want to See\" feature would be restored once the film was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Feige said this was done because the film is Marvel's first since Lee died, and they wanted to start the film by acknowledging him with a celebration of his legacy rather than add a somber memorial to the end of the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Audience response",
"text": "Rotten Tomatoes changed the \"Want to See\" feature shortly after, showing only the number of people indicating interest in the film instead of a percentage."
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "Toprak wanted Captain Marvel's theme to be recognizable from its first two notes."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "Fleck and Boden were not expected to return to direct the film, with the studio searching instead for a female director."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The Hindustan Times, collating multiple reviews of the film, noted praise for Brie Larson's performance but also criticism for the film's \"convoluted plot and lack of originality\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Audience response",
"text": "Ahead of the film's release, Captain Marvel's \"Want to See\" score—an audience anticipation poll on Rotten Tomatoes—"
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "In August 2020, Nia DaCosta was hired as the sequel's director."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Feige said that a writer and director for the film would be announced soon, and female filmmakers were being considered for the project, but he could not promise that filmmakers from a certain demographic would be hired for the film."
}
] |
The director originally wanted to do a film about Jean Grey.
| 2 | 3 |
Captain Marvel (film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "West Ham have been winners of the FA Cup three times; in 1964, 1975 and 1980, and have also been runners-up twice; in 1923 and 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club based in Stratford, East London."
}
] |
S6d6wNwVYcgW4MI9myPB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "The club promotes the popular idea of West Ham being \"The Academy of Football\", with the moniker adorning the ground's new stadium façade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club based in Stratford, East London."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "West Ham, during the 2007–08 season, had an average of 6.61 English players in the starting line up, higher than any other Premier League club, which cemented their status as one of the few Premier League clubs left that were recognised to be bringing through young English talent and were recognised as having \"homegrown players."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)",
"text": "Fenton succeeded in getting the club once again promoted to the top level of English football in 1958."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "Much of the success of The Academy has been attributed to Tony Carr, who was West Ham youth coach between 1973 and 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "\" Between 2000 and 2011, the club produced eight England players, as many as Manchester United and one fewer than Arsenal."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "Most notably, the club contributed three players to the World Cup-winning England side of 1966, including club icon Bobby Moore, as well as Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst who between them scored all of England's goals in the eventual 4–2 victory."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "Since the late 1990s, Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick and Glen Johnson began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for much bigger clubs."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Korr, Charles (1986). West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club."
},
{
"section_header": "The Academy of Football",
"text": "Frustratingly for fans and managers alike, the club has struggled to retain many of these players due to (predominantly) financial reasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "West Ham have been winners of the FA Cup three times; in 1964, 1975 and 1980, and have also been runners-up twice; in 1923 and 2006."
}
] |
West Ham United Football Club is an English professional football club promoting themselves as The Academy of Football and have been winners of the FA Cup more than twice.
| 0 | 0 |
West Ham United F.C.
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "In 1982, Parker Brothers published the first Star Wars video game for the Atari 2600, Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, followed soon the year later by Star Wars: Jedi Arena, the first video game to depict lightsaber combat."
}
] |
S6iBmluA1j7GSxjBAdwM
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "The first era began with the first officially licensed electronic Star Wars game: Kenner's 1979 table-top Star Wars Electronic Battle Command."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "In 1982, Parker Brothers published the first Star Wars video game for the Atari 2600, Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, followed soon the year later by Star Wars: Jedi Arena, the first video game to depict lightsaber combat."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | LucasArts and modern self-published games (1993–2014)",
"text": "In 1993, LucasArts released Star Wars: X-Wing, the first self-published Star Wars video game and the first space flight simulator based on the franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | LucasArts and modern self-published games (1993–2014)",
"text": "Dark Forces (1995), a hybrid adventure game incorporating puzzles and strategy, was the first Star Wars first-person shooter."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "The next game, Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1984), has more traditional raster graphics, while the following Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1985) has vector graphics."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "They were followed in 1983 by Atari's rail shooter arcade game Star Wars, with vector graphics to replicate the Death Star trench run scene from the 1977 film."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": ": The Empire Strikes Back in 1992 are platform games for the Nintendo Entertainment System, but the first one never saw release outside Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "Nintendo's Star Wars in 1987, a different Star Wars in 1991 and Star Wars"
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games | Early licensed games (1979–1993)",
"text": "Super Star Wars in 1992 is a platform game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, with two sequels over the next two years."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media | Video games",
"text": "Star Wars games have gone through three significant development eras, marked by a change in leadership among the developers: the early licensed games, those developed after the creation of LucasArts, and those created after the closure of the Lucasfilm division by Disney and the transfer of the license to Electronic Arts."
}
] |
The first digital Star Wars game came out in the early 1980's.
| 0 | 0 |
Star Wars
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks, California, he hitchhiked to Vulcan, Alberta, to toil as a kid pitcher with the semi-pro Vulcan Elks of the Foothills-Wheatbelt League."
}
] |
S6jVOaKUCb7CsCRO2sWF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Gillick retired from playing and began a front-office career in 1963, when he became the assistant farm director with the Houston Astros."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Upon his hiring, the responsibility fell on Gillick to trade Ken Griffey, Jr. to Cincinnati after Griffey played out his final season in Seattle."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was also a gifted pitcher, playing on the 1958 National Title baseball team at USC and spending five years in the minor league systems of the Baltimore Orioles and Pittsburgh Pirates, venturing as high as Triple-A. A left-hander, Gillick posted a win/loss record of 45–32 with an earned run average of 3.42 in 164 minor league games."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gillick was born to former minor league baseball player Larry Gillick in Chico, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 1997, Gillick was inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Gillick returned to his senior advisor role after the Phillies promoted Andy MacPhail to president, who first joined the Phillies organization as a special assistant to Gillick during the 2015 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and awards",
"text": "In 2002, Gillick was inducted into the Toronto Blue Jays' Level of Excellence"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Gillick had to wire his grandmother for $25 to finance his last leg from Montana to Vulcan."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "Gillick remained in the organization as a senior advisor to Amaro and Phillies president David Montgomery."
},
{
"section_header": "Front office career",
"text": "In August 2014, Gillick became interim president of the Phillies while Montgomery was on medical leave."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating from Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks, California, he hitchhiked to Vulcan, Alberta, to toil as a kid pitcher with the semi-pro Vulcan Elks of the Foothills-Wheatbelt League."
}
] |
Pat Gillick bummed rides to Canada so he could play semi-pro.
| 3 | 7 |
Pat Gillick
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Also including, the town's bowling alley is the Bowladrome Lanes, located at 56 State Street, Struthers, Ohio. Weirton, West Virginia, for mill and trailer shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Steubenville, Ohio, for some mill and neighborhood shots."
}
] |
S73gXvRQZPZPSEv0hxft
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Filming",
"text": "The Clairton scenes comprise footage shot in eight different towns in four states: West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Washington, and Ohio."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Also including, the town's bowling alley is the Bowladrome Lanes, located at 56 State Street, Struthers, Ohio. Weirton, West Virginia, for mill and trailer shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Steubenville, Ohio, for some mill and neighborhood shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Struthers, Ohio, for external house and long-range road shots."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Lemko Hall, Cleveland, Ohio. Also located in Tremont, the wedding banquet was filmed here."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming",
"text": "All scenes were shot on location (no sound stages)."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and Nooksack Falls in the North Cascades range of Washington, deer hunting scenes."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "U.S. Steel Central Furnaces in Cleveland, Ohio."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming | Filming locations",
"text": "US St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral, in the Tremont neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Revisionism following Heaven's Gate",
"text": "\"However , many critics, including David Thomson and A. O. Scott., maintain that The Deer Hunter is still a great film, the power of which has not diminished."
}
] |
The film was shot in many locations including Washington, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.
| 0 | 1 |
The Deer Hunter
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "War of 1812 | United States captures Macedonian",
"text": "Macedonian had no option but surrender, and thus was taken as a prize by Decatur."
}
] |
S7OSQgfEozfzZwV4NahX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Decatur supervised the construction of several U.S. naval vessels, one of which he later commanded."
},
{
"section_header": "War of 1812",
"text": "Upon the onset of the war President James Madison ordered several naval vessels to be dispatched to patrol the American coastline."
},
{
"section_header": "Quasi-War",
"text": "During the months that followed 25 armed enemy craft were captured or destroyed."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Following were naval officers and seamen."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He was met with much criticism among fellow naval officers, among whom Decatur was one of the most outspoken."
},
{
"section_header": "First Barbary War | Second attack on Tripoli",
"text": "After catching up with and pulling alongside the Tripolitan ship, Decatur was the first to board the enemy vessel with Midshipman Macdonough at his heels along with nine volunteer crew members."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Decatur, who was now on the board of naval commissioners, strongly opposed Barron's reinstatement and was notably critical about the prospect in communications with other naval officers and government officials."
},
{
"section_header": "War of 1812",
"text": "Consequently, the war was fought mostly in the naval theater where Decatur and other naval officers played major roles in the success of the United States' efforts during this time."
},
{
"section_header": "Second Barbary War | Command of USS Guerriere",
"text": "This attracted much attention and prompted the departure of several dispatch vessels to warn Hammida of the squadron's arrival."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "At the university, Decatur met and became friends with Charles Stewart and Richard Somers, who would later become naval officers themselves."
},
{
"section_header": "War of 1812 | United States captures Macedonian",
"text": "Macedonian had no option but surrender, and thus was taken as a prize by Decatur."
}
] |
Decatur was an accomplished naval officer and captured several enemy vessels.
| 0 | 2 |
Stephen Decatur
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Thanatopsis\" is a poem by the American poet William Cullen Bryant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Meaning 'a consideration of death', the word is derived from the Greek 'thanatos' (death) and 'opsis' (view, sight)."
}
] |
S7SBcUOBNeuWJEjmgT7u
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The author republished the poem in 1821 in a collection of works called Poems."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "The band's first album, Thanatopsis, was also named after this poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Thanatopsis\" is a poem by the American poet William Cullen Bryant."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Poems was considered by many to be the first major book of American poetry."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "The experimental band Thanatopsis (featuring Buckethead and Travis Dickerson) was named after this poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "The electronic artist Daedelus named the last song on the album Exquisite Corpse after the poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": ", Solly offers the final nine lines of the poem (\"So live . . ."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "The Avant Garde film-maker Ed Emshwiller's 1962 short film Thanatopsis was inspired by the poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances in popular culture",
"text": "In the 2020 film Driveways, Jerry Adler quotes the poem as a sudden memory from his childhood; a sign he has dementia."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "He sent the two poems without his son's knowledge to the editors at the North American Review, where they were published in September 1817."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Meaning 'a consideration of death', the word is derived from the Greek 'thanatos' (death) and 'opsis' (view, sight)."
}
] |
The poem "Thanatopsis" translates too thoughts of dying.
| 0 | 0 |
Thanatopsis
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Because it was composed and preserved in writing rather than orally, the text exhibits less variation than other classical epics."
}
] |
S7rGhIqNYLBxlpL6bkF5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Aeneid ( ih-NEE-id; Latin: Aeneis [ae̯ˈneːɪs]) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Because it was composed and preserved in writing rather than orally, the text exhibits less variation than other classical epics."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Propaganda",
"text": "Rather than use Aeneas indirectly as a positive parallel to Augustus as in other parts of the poem, Virgil outright praises the emperor in Book 6, referring to Augustus as a harbinger for the glory of Rome and new levels of prosperity."
},
{
"section_header": "Style | Structure",
"text": "The Aeneid comes to an abrupt ending, and scholars have speculated that Virgil died before he could finish the poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Another continental work displaying the influence of the Aeneid is the 16th-century Portuguese epic Os Lusíadas, written by Luís de Camões and dealing with Vasco da Gama's voyage to India."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Pietas",
"text": "Throughout the Aeneid, Aeneas serves as the embodiment of pietas, with the phrase \"pious Aeneas\" occurring 20 times throughout the poem, thereby fulfilling his capacity as the father of the Roman people."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The Aeneid was written in a time of major political and social change in Rome, with the fall of the Republic and the Final War of the Roman Republic having torn through society and many Romans' faith in the \"Greatness of Rome\" severely faltering."
},
{
"section_header": "Style | Structure",
"text": "This epic consists of twelve books, and the narrative is broken up into three sections of four books each, respectively addressing Dido; the Trojans' arrival in Italy; and the war with the Latins."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The poem was unfinished when Virgil died in 19 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Parodies and travesties",
"text": "In 1798, «Eneyida» — Ukrainian mock-heroic burlesque poem, was written by Ivan Kotlyarevsky."
}
] |
The twelve part epic poem The Aeneid by Virgil was passed down orally and was written in chaotic times.
| 0 | 0 |
Aeneid
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although some modern scholars have been critical of Jefferson and slavery, Jefferson continues to rank highly, among the top ten U.S. presidents."
}
] |
S8XQwcWJc1jTqEhBl696
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809."
},
{
"section_header": "Interests and activities | American Philosophical Society",
"text": "He became the society's third president on March 3, 1797, a few months after he was elected Vice President of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He had previously served as the second vice president of the United States between 1797 and 1801."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although some modern scholars have been critical of Jefferson and slavery, Jefferson continues to rank highly, among the top ten U.S. presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Interests and activities | American Philosophical Society",
"text": "Jefferson was a member of the American Philosophical Society for 35 years, beginning in 1780."
},
{
"section_header": "Interests and activities | American Philosophical Society",
"text": "\"Jefferson served as APS president for the next eighteen years, including through both terms of his presidency."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career 1775–1800 | Notes on the State of Virginia",
"text": "Jefferson received a letter of inquiry in 1780 about the geography, history, and government of Virginia from French diplomat François Barbé-Marbois, who was gathering data on the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1801–1809)",
"text": "He signed the Military Peace Establishment Act on March 16, 1802, thus founding the United States Military Academy at West Point."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (1809–1826) | Final days, death, and burial",
"text": "Jefferson's remains were buried at Monticello, under an epitaph that he wrote: HERE WAS BURIED THOMAS JEFFERSON, AUTHOR OF THE DECLARATION OF AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE, OF THE STATUTE OF VIRGINIA FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM, AND FATHER OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Historical reputation",
"text": "\"The Siena Research Institute poll of presidential scholars, begun in 1982, has consistently ranked Jefferson as one of the five best U.S. presidents, and a 2015 Brookings Institution poll of American Political Science Association members ranked him as the fifth greatest president."
}
] |
Thomas Jefferson was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809, and ranks low among the top U.S. presidents.
| 0 | 0 |
Thomas Jefferson
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015."
}
] |
S8oEgvcbcJpF8hwqt70z
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Popularity",
"text": "More than 250 million people have visited the tower since it was completed in 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Tourism | Popularity",
"text": "In 2015, there were 6.91 million visitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Illumination copyright",
"text": "SNTE made over €1 million from copyright fees in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inauguration and the 1889 exposition",
"text": "The main structural work was completed at the end of March 1889 and, on 31 March, Eiffel celebrated by leading a group of government officials, accompanied by representatives of the press, to the top of the tower."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Inauguration and the 1889 exposition",
"text": "Because the lifts were not yet in operation, the ascent was made by foot, and took over an hour, with Eiffel stopping frequently to explain various features."
},
{
"section_header": "Taller structures",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler Building in New York City was topped out."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Wind considerations",
"text": "The Eiffel Tower sways by up to 9 centimetres (3.5 in) in the wind."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Engraved names",
"text": "Eiffel chose this \"invocation of science\" because of his concern over the artists' protest."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Artists' protest",
"text": "Prior to the Eiffel Tower's construction, no structure had ever been constructed to a height of at least 300 metres, and many people believed it impossible."
}
] |
The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889 ans in 2015 over six million people went up it.
| 0 | 0 |
Eiffel Tower
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Ton Koopman – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Vol I, Harpsichord Works 1 Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Ton Koopman – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Vol I, Harpsichord Works 1 (BuxWV 250, 230, 238, 233, 245, 235, 247, 228, 242, 226, 243, 234, 232), Antoine Marchand Records, CC74440 – Vol VI, Harpsichord Works 2 (BuxWV 246, 236, 249, 239, Suite in a (deest), 168, 244, 227, 165, 248, 240, 237, 166, Anh 6, 241, 229), Antoine Marchand Records, CC74445 (complete) Rinaldo Alessandrini (BuxWV 163, 234, 164, 166, 226, 174, 248, 250) Lars Ulrik Mortensen (BuxWV 243, 168, 238, 162, 250, 165, 223, 233, 176, 226, 249, 166, 179, 225, 247, 242, 174, 245, 171, 235, 170, 215) Cantatas"
}
] |
S9QUWjRWkZlKarq6AsgI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia, Volume 5, Vocal Works 2 (BuxWV 2, 10, 12, 19, 20, 40, 43, 50–52, 64, 70, 81, 110, 113, 114, 120, 123, 124, Anh 1) Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia, Volume 5, Vocal Works 2 (BuxWV 2, 10, 12, 19, 20, 40, 43, 50–52, 64, 70, 81, 110, 113, 114, 120, 123, 124, Anh 1) Ton Koopman, Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir, Bettina Pahn and Johannette Zomer (soprano), Bogna Bartosz, Patrick Van Goethem and Daniel Taylor (alto), Jörg Dürmüller and Andreas Karasiak (tenor), Donald Bentvelsen and Klaus Mertens (bass),"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Sacred Cantatas (BuxWV 47, 94, 56, 73, 174, 12, 48, 38, 60), Emma Kirkby et al.,"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "recorded 1957, remastered 1999 – Marienkirche, Lübeck) Hans Davidsson (complete organ works – Volume 1: Dieterich Buxtehude and the Mean-Tone Organ, Volume 2: The Bach Perspective, and Volume 3: Dieterich Buxtehude and the Schnitger Organ) Christopher Herrick (to be recorded from 2007) Helga Schauerte-Maubouet : (Complete Organ Works), Syrius (SYR 141.347/348/359/366/371), 2000–2002,"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "sung by Johannette Zomer Membra Jesu Nostri, Masaaki Suzuki, Bach Collegium Japan, Bis Records"
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Keyboard works | Other keyboard works",
"text": "It may be that the more developed harpsichord writing by Buxtehude simply did not survive: in his writings, Johann Mattheson mentioned a cycle of seven suites by Buxtehude, depicting the nature of planets, but these pieces are lost."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "298–2 298–2 Membra Jesu Nostri, Netherlands Bach Society, Jos van Veldhoven (cond), vocalists Anne Grimm, Johannette Zomer sopranos, Peter de Groot counter-tenor,"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia, Volume 2, Vocal Works 1, Wacht!"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Ton Koopman – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Vol I, Harpsichord Works 1 Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Harpsichord music Huguette Grémy-Chauliac - L'Œuvre pour clavecin (3-CD set - CD 1: BuxWV 249, 236, 229, 235, Suite in G minor, 226, 233, 247; CD 2: BuxWV 241, 244, 242, 232, 227, Suite in D minor, 246, 240, 238, 230; CD 3: BuxWV 237, 243, 245, 234, 228, 248, 250), Solstice (éditeur phonographique) (FYCD035-37) Lionel Rogg – Bach & Buxtehude on the Pedal Harpsichord (baroquecds.com – BuxWV 137, 146, 149, 153, 160, 161) Simone Stella – Dieterich Buxtehude – Complete Harpsichord Music (4-CD set – CD 1: BuxWV 248, 240, 237, Ahn. 6, 234, 232, 179, 230, 242, 166; CD 2: BuxWV 247, 241, 228, Suite in a (deest), 243, Suite in d (Ed. Roger 1710), 229, 163; CD 3: BuxWV 246, 235, 249, 239, 226, 168, 244, 231, 165; CD 4: 245, 238, 233, 227, 236, 250), OnClassical (OC51-54Bv) also licensed for Brilliant Classics (94312) Ton Koopman – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Vol I, Harpsichord Works 1 (BuxWV 250, 230, 238, 233, 245, 235, 247, 228, 242, 226, 243, 234, 232), Antoine Marchand Records, CC74440 – Vol VI, Harpsichord Works 2 (BuxWV 246, 236, 249, 239, Suite in a (deest), 168, 244, 227, 165, 248, 240, 237, 166, Anh 6, 241, 229), Antoine Marchand Records, CC74445 (complete) Rinaldo Alessandrini (BuxWV 163, 234, 164, 166, 226, 174, 248, 250) Lars Ulrik Mortensen (BuxWV 243, 168, 238, 162, 250, 165, 223, 233, 176, 226, 249, 166, 179, 225, 247, 242, 174, 245, 171, 235, 170, 215) Cantatas"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "Ton Koopman (complete) – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Ton Koopman (complete) – Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia series; Vol III, Organ works 1 (BuxWV 139, 141, 146, 156, 160, 162, 169, 178, 197, 210, 213, 220),"
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings | Available media",
"text": "CC72246 Dieterich Buxtehude – Opera Omnia, Volume 11"
}
] |
12 available pieces of media for Dietrich Buxtehude were works with Bach.
| 0 | 0 |
Dietrich Buxtehude
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He compiled over 200 hits in three separate seasons and won the World Series in 1925 with the Pirates."
}
] |
S9bk1KLjGCSRGv7aYJyZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "The Pirates won the NL Pennant and faced the Washington Senators in the 1925 World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "The Pirates made the World Series in 1927, but due to the dispute with Donie Bush, Cuyler did not play a single game in the series and remained on the bench despite fans wanting him to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He compiled over 200 hits in three separate seasons and won the World Series in 1925 with the Pirates."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "This was the only time Cuyler would win a World Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "Cuyler only hit .269 in the World Series, but his two-run double in the bottom of the eighth inning of game seven scored the deciding runs, the Pirates won Game 7 9–7."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds, and Brooklyn Dodgers from 1921 until 1938."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs and later career",
"text": "As a free agent, he was signed by the Cincinnati Reds in July 1935."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Chicago Cubs and later career",
"text": "Cuyler returned to the World Series, he hit .300 for the series, but the Cubs lost the series 1 game to 4.In"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "In the second explanation, \"Kiki Cuyler\" came from the player's stuttering problem and the way it sounded when Cuyler said his own last name."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Pittsburgh Pirates",
"text": "Two explanations have been given for the origin of Cuyler's nickname, \"Kiki\"."
}
] |
Kiki Cuyler played for the Cincinnati Reds and won a World Series with the Pirates.
| 0 | 5 |
Kiki Cuyler
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839 in Burton's Gentleman's Magazine, then included in the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque in 1840."
}
] |
S9eQsoZj8sjU0ipHu4Sc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "This connection was emphasized in Roderick's poem \"The Haunted Palace\", which seems to be a direct reference to the house that foreshadows doom."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and criticism",
"text": "\"\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" has been criticized for being too formulaic."
},
{
"section_header": "Character descriptions | Narrator",
"text": "In \"The Fall of the House of Usher\", Poe's unnamed narrator is called to visit the House of Usher by Roderick Usher."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" was first published in September 1839 in Burton's Gentleman's Magazine."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media",
"text": "The Fall of the House of Usher is an opera composed by Peter Hammill with a libretto by Chris Judge Smith released in 1991 on Some Bizzare Records; in 1999, Hammill revised his work and released it as The Fall of the House of Usher (Deconstructed & Rebuilt)."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" is considered the best example of Poe's \"totality\", wherein every element and detail is related and relevant."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media",
"text": "The Fall of the House of Usher (2015), narrated by Christopher Lee, is an animated short film which is part of Extraordinary Tales."
},
{
"section_header": "In other media",
"text": "In 2002 Lance Tait wrote a one-act play The Fall of the House of Usher, based on Poe's tale."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Opium, which Poe mentions several times in both his prose and poems, is mentioned twice in the tale."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" shows Poe's ability to create an emotional tone in his work, specifically feelings of fear, doom, and guilt."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Fall of the House of Usher\" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe, first published in 1839 in Burton's Gentleman's Magazine, then included in the collection Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque in 1840."
}
] |
The Fall of the House of Usher is a lyrical long poem.
| 0 | 0 |
The Fall of the House of Usher
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I."
}
] |
S9h5U2lC8a0kapBnenNT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Field Marshal Sir Edmund Ironside saw Tannenberg as the “… greatest defeat suffered by any of the combatants during the war”."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-war legacy",
"text": "The PC game Tannenberg (video game) released in 2017 is squad-based multiplayer first-person shooter set during"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-war legacy",
"text": "However, it was blown up in World War II by the Germans during their retreat from Prussia in January 1945.German film director Heinz Paul made a film, Tannenberg, about the battle, shot in East Prussia in 1932."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Little had been achieved during the day, when they had intended to spring the trap."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "He requested that the battle be named Tannenberg (an imaginative touch that both Ludendorff and Hoffmann claimed as their own)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "They were in a cauldron centered at Frogenau, east of Tannenberg, and throughout the day were relentlessly pounded by artillery."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Gen. Basil Gourko, commanding the Russian First Army Cavalry Division (and from 1916–17 chief of the general staff), was told later that Samsonov did not know what was happening on his flanks because he was observing the action from a rise in the ground a distance from his wireless set and reports were not relayed to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the battle actually took place near Allenstein (Olsztyn), Hindenburg named it after Tannenberg, 30 km (19 mi) to the west, in order to avenge the defeat of the Teutonic Knights 500 years earlier at the Battle of Grunwald by Poland-Lithuania (which was also known as the Battle of Tannenberg in German)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Hoffmann, who had been an observer with the Japanese in Manchuria, tried to ease their nerves by telling how Samsonov and Rennenkampf had quarreled during that war, so they would do nothing to help one another."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Tannenberg was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I."
}
] |
The Battle of Tannenberg happened during WWII.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Tannenberg
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hampi or Hampe, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-central Karnataka, India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It became the pilgrimage centre of the Hindu religion."
}
] |
SA29CvXkjp4TSjMOWFqE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Muslim monuments",
"text": "These are neither in the sacred centre nor in the royal centre of the Hampi site."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Vitthala temple and market complex",
"text": "It is the most artistically sophisticated Hindu temple in Hampi, and is part of the sacred centre of Vijayanagara."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hampi or Hampe, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-central Karnataka, India."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Archaeological site",
"text": "The ruins of Hampi were surveyed in 1800 by Scottish Colonel Colin Mackenzie, first Surveyor General of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Pattabhirama temple complex",
"text": "The Pattabhirama temple complex is in the southern suburban centre outside the sacred centre and the urban core, about 500 metres (550 yd) from the ASI Hampi museum."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Hemakuta hill monuments",
"text": "The site has several important inscriptions, is easily accessible and provides views of the some parts of Hampi and the fertile, agricultural valley that separates the sacred centre from the urban core with its royal centre."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Archaeological site",
"text": "The Archaeological Survey of India continues to conduct excavations in the area."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Hazara Rama temple",
"text": "The Hazara Rama temple, referred to as the Ramachandra temple in inscriptions, occupied the western part of the urban core in the royal centre section of Hampi."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Vitthala temple and market complex",
"text": "It hosted a Vaishnava matha (monastery), designed as a pilgrimage centre centred around the Alvar tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | 14th century and after",
"text": "It grew into one of the famed Hindu empires of South India that ruled for over 200 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It became the pilgrimage centre of the Hindu religion."
}
] |
Hampi is a centre for Hindus in India.
| 1 | 5 |
Hampi
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "lit. ' \" The Red One\"') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Main structures | Hall of the Abencerrajes",
"text": "The Sala de los Abencerrajes (Hall of the Abencerrages) derives its name from a legend according to which the father of Boabdil, the last sultan of Granada, having invited the chiefs of that line to a banquet, massacred them here."
}
] |
SA3CjeTbqqgSamvXAI39
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Main structures",
"text": "The Alhambra resembles many medieval Christian strongholds in its threefold arrangement as a castle, a palace and a residential annex for subordinates."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | In film",
"text": "Marcel L'Herbier's 1921 film El Dorado features many scenes shot in and around the Alhambra palace."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The palace complex was designed with the mountainous site in mind and many forms of technology were considered."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | In astronomy",
"text": "There is a main belt asteroid named Alhambra."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "lit. ' \" The Red One\"') is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | In film",
"text": "The fictional Broadway theatre (the interior actually Auckland, New Zealand's Civic Theatre), in which Kong is displayed as the 'Eighth Wonder of the World' in 2005's King Kong, is named \"The Alhambra\".2018 South Korean television series Memories of the Alhambra is based in Granada, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Main structures | Royal complex",
"text": "The Mexuar is modest in decor and houses the functional areas for conducting business and administration."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | In music",
"text": "In pop and folk music, Alhambra is the subject of the Ghymes song of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | In literature",
"text": "Philippa Gregory's The Constant Princess, depicting Catalina the Infanta of Spain as she lived in the Alhambra after her parents took Granada."
},
{
"section_header": "Main structures | Royal complex",
"text": "This area contains a bathroom with running water (cold and hot), baths, and pressurized water for showering."
},
{
"section_header": "Main structures | Hall of the Abencerrajes",
"text": "The Sala de los Abencerrajes (Hall of the Abencerrages) derives its name from a legend according to which the father of Boabdil, the last sultan of Granada, having invited the chiefs of that line to a banquet, massacred them here."
}
] |
The Alhambra is in Spain and has an area named after an event where many people where killed in the palace.
| 4 | 6 |
The Alhambra
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Landis received national attention in 1907 when he fined Standard Oil of Indiana more than $29 million ($800 million in 2020) for violating federal laws forbidding rebates on railroad freight tariffs."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death."
}
] |
SAnne8ni0oakekiJf5M0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Washington years and aftermath (1893–1905)",
"text": "Kenesaw Landis had appeared before Judge Gresham in court."
},
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922)",
"text": "He was a great showman, theatrical in appearance, with his sharp jaw and shock of white hair, and people always crowded into his courtroom, knowing there would be something going on."
},
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922) | Standard Oil (1905–1909)",
"text": "The tycoon duly came to Landis's Chicago courtroom, making his way through a mob anxious to see the proceedings."
},
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922) | Wartime cases (1917–1919)",
"text": "While the jury was being selected, Berger was indicted on additional espionage charges for supposedly violating the law during an earlier, unsuccessful political campaign."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner (1920–1944) | World War II, death, and legacy",
"text": "a game cleansed of the nasty spots which followed World War I. Kenesaw Mountain Landis put the fear of God into weak characters who might otherwise have been inclined to violate their trust."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Landis received national attention in 1907 when he fined Standard Oil of Indiana more than $29 million ($800 million in 2020) for violating federal laws forbidding rebates on railroad freight tariffs."
},
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922) | Federal League and Baby Iraene cases (1909–1917)",
"text": "Although Landis was an autocrat in the courtroom, he was less so at home."
},
{
"section_header": "Judge (1905–1922) | Wartime cases (1917–1919)",
"text": "Baker urged Landis to make speeches in support of the war instead, which he did."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball Commissioner (1920–1944) | Establishing control | Ruth-Meusel barnstorming incident",
"text": "Barrow had no objection but warned Ruth he must obtain Landis's consent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and pre-judicial career (1866–1905) | Boyhood and early career (1866–1893)",
"text": "When Kenesaw was eight, the elder Landis moved his family to Delphi, Indiana and subsequently to Logansport, Indiana where the doctor purchased and ran several local farms—his war injury had caused him to scale back his medical practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kenesaw Mountain Landis (; November 20, 1866 – November 25, 1944) was an American jurist who served as a United States federal judge from 1905 to 1922 and the first Commissioner of Baseball from 1920 until his death."
}
] |
Judge Kenesaw Landis violated laws and appeared in several courtrooms asking for consent to make amends.
| 0 | 0 |
Kenesaw Landis
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen questions and rebels against the Catholic and Irish conventions under which he has grown, culminating in his self-exile from Ireland to Europe."
}
] |
SAqMtrMnrVPbaYN91UQN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of Irish writer James Joyce."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "{{}} Stephen Dedalus – The main character of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Hugh Leonard's stage work Stephen D is an adaptation of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Stephen Hero."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "In September 1907, however, he abandoned this work, and began a complete revision of the text and its structure, producing what became A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Joyce fully employs the free indirect style to demonstrate Stephen's intellectual development from his childhood, through his education, to his increasing independence and ultimate exile from Ireland as a young man."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Characters and places are no longer mentioned simply because the young Joyce had known them."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Emma Clery – Stephen's beloved, the young girl to whom he is fiercely attracted over the course of many years."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Identity",
"text": "Towards the beginning of the novel, Joyce depicts the young Stephen's growing consciousness, which is said to be a condensed version of the arc of Dedalus' entire life, as he continues to grow and form his identity."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Künstlerroman written in a modernist style, it traces the religious and intellectual awakening of young Stephen Dedalus, Joyce's fictional alter ego, whose surname alludes to Daedalus, Greek mythology's consummate craftsman."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "artes.(\"And he turned his mind to unknown arts.\") At the request of its editors, Joyce submitted a work of philosophical fiction entitled \"A Portrait of the Artist\" to the Irish literary magazine Dana on 7 January 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen questions and rebels against the Catholic and Irish conventions under which he has grown, culminating in his self-exile from Ireland to Europe."
}
] |
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and is about a young man's self-exile to Morocco.
| 0 | 0 |
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Predators, poaching and hunting",
"text": "Adult rhinoceros have no real predators in the wild, other than humans."
}
] |
SBNZ4H3QKIk6gOR3c8gp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Members of the rhinoceros family are some of the largest remaining megafauna, with all species able to reach or exceed one tonne in weight."
},
{
"section_header": "Predators, poaching and hunting",
"text": "Adult rhinoceros have no real predators in the wild, other than humans."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution | Hyracodontidae",
"text": "The smallest hyracodontids were dog-sized; the largest was Paraceratherium, one of the largest known land mammals that ever existed."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Javan rhinoceros",
"text": "According to 2015 estimates, only about 60 remain, in Java, Indonesia, all in the wild."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A rhinoceros (, from Greek rhinokerōs, meaning 'nose-horned', from rhis, meaning 'nose', and keras, meaning 'horn'), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species therein."
},
{
"section_header": "Characteristics | Sumatran rhinoceros",
"text": "The Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis) is the smallest extant rhinoceros species, as well as the one with the most hair."
},
{
"section_header": "Predators, poaching and hunting",
"text": "Young rhinos can however fall prey to big cats, crocodiles, African wild dogs, and hyenas."
},
{
"section_header": "Horn trade and use",
"text": "International trade in rhinoceros horn has been declared illegal by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1977."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and naming",
"text": "There are two living Rhinocerotini species, the Indian rhinoceros and the Javan rhinoceros, which diverged from one another about 10 million years ago."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By weight, rhino horns cost as much as gold on the black market."
}
] |
Rhinoceros are some of the largest remaining megafauna, with all species able to reach or exceed one tonne in weight, and have no real predators in the wild, other than humans.
| 0 | 0 |
Rhinoceros
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background | \"All in the golden afternoon...\"",
"text": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865, three years after Lewis Carroll and the Reverend Robinson Duckworth, on 4 July, rowed up the Isis river in a boat with three young girls—a day known as the \"golden afternoon,\" prefaced in the novel as a poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | \"All in the golden afternoon...\"",
"text": "During the trip Dodgson told the girls a story that featured a bored little girl named Alice who goes looking for an adventure."
}
] |
SBjNHqeK2YL1mdERwdJa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Poems and songs",
"text": "The main characters in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland are the following: Carroll wrote multiple poems and songs for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, including: \"All in the golden afternoon... \"—the prefatory verse to the book, an original poem by Carroll that recalls the rowing expedition on which he first told the story of Alice's adventures underground"
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Publication timeline",
"text": "1907 : Copyright on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland expires in UK, entering the tale into the public domain."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "On 26 November 1865, Dodgson's tale was published by Macmillan of London as Alice's Adventures in Wonderland under the pseudonym \"Lewis Carroll\" with illustrations by John Tenniel."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been translated into at least 97 languages, or as many as 174 languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history | Publication timeline",
"text": "2008 : Folio publishes Alice's Adventures Under Ground facsimile edition (limited to 3,750 copies, boxed with The Original Alice pamphlet)."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influence | Cinema and television",
"text": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1910), a silent film directed by Edwin Stanton Porter"
},
{
"section_header": "Poems and songs",
"text": "\"They told me you had been to her...\"—White"
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Manuscript: Alice's Adventures Under Ground",
"text": "On 26 November 1864, Dodgson gave Alice the handwritten manuscript of Alice's Adventures Under Ground, with illustrations by Dodgson himself, dedicating it as \"A Christmas Gift to a Dear Child in Memory of a Summer's Day\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | \"All in the golden afternoon...\"",
"text": "During the trip Dodgson told the girls a story that featured a bored little girl named Alice who goes looking for an adventure."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (commonly shortened to Alice in Wonderland) is an 1865 novel by English author Lewis Carroll (the pseudonym of Charles Dodgson)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | \"All in the golden afternoon...\"",
"text": "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland was published in 1865, three years after Lewis Carroll and the Reverend Robinson Duckworth, on 4 July, rowed up the Isis river in a boat with three young girls—a day known as the \"golden afternoon,\" prefaced in the novel as a poem."
}
] |
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland saw its origins in a tale told while on a picnic.
| 0 | 0 |
Alice in Wonderland
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father, Francisco was a second cousin, once removed, of Hernán Cortés."
}
] |
SC2IIvpCawc9DtRhWE5R
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "Pizarro, Francisco (15 January 2009). \" Cartas del Marqués Don Francisco Pizarro (1533–1541)\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "Pizarro, Francisco (15 January 2009)."
},
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "\"Francisco Pizarro response to a petition by Pedro del Barco\", 14 April 1539."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro and de Soto were opposed to Atahualpa's execution, but Francisco consented to the trial due to the \"great agitation among the soldiers\", particularly by Almagro."
},
{
"section_header": "Works of Pizarro",
"text": "\" Cédula de encomienda de Francisco Pizarro a Diego Maldonado, Cuzco, 15 de abril de 1539\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Expeditions to South America | Conquest of Peru (1532)",
"text": "By 1538, it was known she had borne Pizarro two sons, Juan and Francisco."
},
{
"section_header": "Pizarro's death",
"text": "However, in 1977, men working on the cathedral's foundation discovered a lead box in a sealed niche, which bore the inscription \" Here is the head of Don Francisco Pizarro Demarkes, Don Francisco Pizarro who discovered Peru and presented it to the crown of Castile."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "By his marriage to N de Trujillo, Pizarro had a son also named Francisco, who married his relative Inés Pizarro, without issue."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Cáceres, Spain (then in the Crown of Castile) in modern-day Extremadura, Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "Francisco Pizarro is depicted as a major supporting character in The Mysterious Cities of Gold, where he is obsessed with locating one of the seven lost cities of gold."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his father, Francisco was a second cousin, once removed, of Hernán Cortés."
}
] |
Francisco Pizarro was related to Hernan Cortes.
| 0 | 0 |
Francisco Pizarro
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He published a U.S. history in 1868–1870, laying out the Lost Cause of the Confederacy: that secession was legal, and the attacks from the North aggression."
}
] |
SCK0Wz972gIjAEvZoIp7
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Works | Books",
"text": "A compendium of the history of the United States from the earliest settlements to 1872 : designed to answer the purpose of a text book in schools, colleges as well as to meet the wants of general readers."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career",
"text": "By the time of the Civil War, Stephens owned 34 slaves and several thousand acres."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Books",
"text": "1883. 1883. 1875 A compendium of the history of the United States from the earliest settlements to 1883."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Books",
"text": "Designed to answer the purpose of a text-book in schools and colleges as well as to meet the wants of general readers."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "A sculpture of Stephens appears in the National Statuary Hall Collection, representing one of two figures from Georgia history, the other being Crawford W. Long."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He published a U.S. history in 1868–1870, laying out the Lost Cause of the Confederacy: that secession was legal, and the attacks from the North aggression."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "He described himself, on the title page of the 1876 edition of his Compendium, as \"Professor Elect of History and Political Science at the University of Georgia\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In the introduction to Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens, there is this about his mother and her family: \"Margaret came of folk who had a liking for books, and a turn for law, war, and meteorology."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He [Alexander Stephens] was thrifty, generous, progressive; one of the best lawyers in the land; a reader and collector of books; a close observer of the weather, and father of the Weather Bureau of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Books",
"text": "1878. A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States; Its Causes, Character, Conduct and Results, presented as a series of Colloquies at Liberty Hall."
}
] |
Stephens wrote his own US history book.
| 4 | 7 |
Alexander H. Stephens
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "Orthodox Judaism continues to stress the importance of Talmud study as a central component of Yeshiva curriculum, in particular for those training to become rabbis."
}
] |
SCyuENDcjAMm9gjPk4BS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Reform Judaism",
"text": "The rise of Reform Judaism during the 19th century saw more questioning of the authority of the Talmud."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "Orthodox Judaism continues to stress the importance of Talmud study as a central component of Yeshiva curriculum, in particular for those training to become rabbis."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship | Commentaries",
"text": "Two of the most significant of these are the Yad Ramah by rabbi Meir Abulafia and Bet Habechirah by rabbi Menahem haMeiri, commonly referred to as \"Meiri\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "Talmudic study amongst the laity is widespread in Orthodox Judaism, with daily or weekly Talmud study particularly common in Haredi Judaism and with Talmud study a central part of the curriculum in Orthodox Yeshivas and day schools."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Humanistic Judaism",
"text": "Within Humanistic Judaism, Talmud is studied as a historical text, in order to discover how it can demonstrate practical relevance to living today."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "Ownership and reading of the Talmud is not widespread among Reform and Reconstructionist Jews, who usually place more emphasis on the study of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "Conservative Judaism similarly emphasizes the study of Talmud within its religious and rabbinic education."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "There are significant differences between the two Talmud compilations."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "The Rohr Jewish Learning Institute has popularized the \"MyShiur – Explorations in Talmud\" to show how the Talmud is relevant to a wide range of people."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in Judaism | Present day",
"text": "The regular study of Talmud among laymen has been popularized by the Daf Yomi, a daily course of Talmud study initiated by rabbi Meir Shapiro in 1923; its 13th cycle of study began in August 2012 and ended with the 13th Siyum HaShas on January 1, 2020."
}
] |
Talmud is still significant in Judaism and more so for people studying to be rabbis.
| 2 | 3 |
Talmud
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "John Charles Frémont was born on January 21, 1813, the son of Charles Frémon, a French-Canadian immigrant school-teacher, and Anne Beverley Whiting, the youngest daughter of socially prominent Virginia planter Col. Thomas Whiting."
}
] |
SDE4cGissBrZzbNz7T7E
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Middle School, Roseburg, Oregon"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Senior High School, Los Angeles"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary School Carson City, Nevada"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Library in Florence, ColoradoSchools and school districts: Fremont Unified School District, Fremont, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "Hospitals: John C. Fremont Hospital, Mariposa, California (where Frémont and his wife lived during the Gold Rush) Fremont Hospital, Yuba City, CaliforniaLibraries: John C. Fremont Branch Library on Melrose Avenue in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary Modesto, California Frémont Elementary School, Long Beach, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Places",
"text": "The John C. Fremont Trail (the path of Fremont's march into Santa Barbara, California in December 1846) Fremont Campground in the Los Padres National Forest"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Frémont Elementary School, Taylorsville, Utah"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Other commemorations",
"text": "The Fremont Cannon, the \"largest and most expensive trophy in college football is a replica of a cannon that accompanied Captain John C. Frémont on his expedition through Oregon, Nevada and California in 1843–44\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Other commemorations",
"text": "In 2013, the Georgia Historical Society erected a historical marker at the birthplace of John C. Frémont in Savannah, Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life, education, and career",
"text": "John Charles Frémont was born on January 21, 1813, the son of Charles Frémon, a French-Canadian immigrant school-teacher, and Anne Beverley Whiting, the youngest daughter of socially prominent Virginia planter Col. Thomas Whiting."
}
] |
John C. Fremont had Scottish roots from his daddy.
| 0 | 0 |
John C. Frémont
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a left fielder in Major League Baseball for six teams from 1979 to 2002 and was best known for his 13 seasons with the Montreal Expos."
}
] |
SDcm8r7ISKsNvMDXXgqd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Expos career",
"text": "On December 28, 1995, the White Sox traded Raines to the New York Yankees for future considerations; in February 1996, the teams agreed on Blaise Kozeniewski as the return."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Raines reportedly received over 100 scholarship offers to play college football."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Expos career",
"text": "Raines later admitted he left Montreal because he wanted to win a World Series and did not believe the Expos \"had what it took\", even though he ended up not winning the title in Chicago after all but years later with the New York Yankees instead."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a left fielder in Major League Baseball for six teams from 1979 to 2002 and was best known for his 13 seasons with the Montreal Expos."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Expos career",
"text": "The Expos traded Raines to the Chicago White Sox on December 20, 1990, along with Jeff Carter and a player to be named later (PTBNL), later identified as Mario Brito, in exchange for Iván Calderón and Barry Jones."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Discussing his decision to play professional baseball instead of football he stated, \"... in football I was a running back, so in the NFL my career would have probably lasted six or seven years and in baseball I ended up playing 23 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career",
"text": "He was a coach for the White Sox from November 2004 until October 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Recovery and return",
"text": "On August 21, 2001, Raines and his son, Tim Raines Jr., became the first father-son pair to play against each other in an official professional baseball game, when the Lynx played the Rochester Red Wings (the two had faced each other earlier in the year during spring training)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Recovery and return",
"text": "On October 4, Raines Jr. played"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Expos career",
"text": "In his first season in the American League, Raines hit for a .268 average but with a .359 on-base percentage; he was second on the team in runs scored as the White Sox finished the season in second place in the American League Western Division."
}
] |
Tim Raines could of played college football and is best known for playing with the Chicago White Sox and the New York Yankees.
| 1 | 6 |
Tim Raines
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "In February 2018, the estate of Paul Zindel initiated a lawsuit in United States District Court for the Central District of California against director Guillermo del Toro and associate producer Daniel Kraus, alleging that The Shape of Water \"brazenly copies the story, elements, characters, and themes\" of Zindel's 1969 work Let Me Hear You Whisper, which depicts a cleaning lady bonding with a dolphin and attempting to rescue it from a secret research laboratory's nefarious uses."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "Responding to Jeunet's accusations of plagiarism by email, del Toro cited on the influences of Terry Gilliam's works as the inspiration for The Shape of Water."
}
] |
SDvyIl2o6g5HBUF8OIqz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "The idea for The Shape of Water formed during del Toro's breakfast with Daniel Kraus in 2011, with whom he later co-wrote the novel Trollhunters."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The website's critical consensus reads, \"The Shape of Water finds Guillermo del Toro at his visually distinctive best—and matched by an emotionally absorbing story brought to life by a stellar Sally Hawkins performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Shape of Water is a 2017 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by Guillermo del Toro and written by del Toro and Vanessa Taylor."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "Responding to Jeunet's accusations of plagiarism by email, del Toro cited on the influences of Terry Gilliam's works as the inspiration for The Shape of Water."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "People can lower their guard a little bit more and listen to the story and listen to the characters and talk about the issues, rather than the circumstances of the issues.\" A fan of her performances in Happy-Go-Lucky and Fingersmith, Del Toro wrote the script with Sally Hawkins in mind for the part and pitched the idea to her while he was intoxicated at the 2014 Golden Globes."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "I'd never heard of this play before making The Shape of Water, and none of my collaborators ever mentioned the play.\" Distributor Fox Searchlight also denied the claim and said that it would \"vigorously defend\" itself in court."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "In February 2018, the estate of Paul Zindel initiated a lawsuit in United States District Court for the Central District of California against director Guillermo del Toro and associate producer Daniel Kraus, alleging that The Shape of Water \"brazenly copies the story, elements, characters, and themes\" of Zindel's 1969 work Let Me Hear You Whisper, which depicts a cleaning lady bonding with a dolphin and attempting to rescue it from a secret research laboratory's nefarious uses."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Visuals",
"text": "These are not concerns that I had when I was nine or seven.\" Guillermo Del Toro was torn between making the film in color or in black and white, and was at one point leaning toward the latter."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Plagiarism accusations",
"text": "There have also been accusations that The Shape of Water plagiarised Amphibian Man, a 1962 Soviet film based on a 1928 Soviet novel of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "There's no sense trying to analyze how he does it.\" For the Minnesota Daily, Haley Bennett reacted positively, writing, \"The Shape of Water has tenderness uncommon to del Toro films. ... While The Shape of Water isn't groundbreaking, it is elegant and mesmerizing."
}
] |
Some guy who wrote a story about a porpoise instead of some sort of eldritch swamp-being accused Guillermo det Toro of stealing his super original idea to make The Shape of Water.
| 0 | 0 |
The Shape of Water
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Walter Johnson was the second of six children (Effie, Leslie, Earl, Blanche) born to Frank Edwin Johnson (1861–1921) and Minnie Olive Perry (1867–1967) on a rural farm four miles west of Humboldt, Kansas."
}
] |
SDwqRdFAtvy7pIZ0EoC2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In May 1918, Johnson pitched 40 consecutive scoreless innings; he is the only pitcher with two such 40+ inning streaks."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Johnson lost the first and fifth games of the 1924 World Series, but became the hero by pitching four scoreless innings of relief in the seventh and deciding game, winning in the 12th inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson holds the record for most three-pitch innings by any major league pitcher with four."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Walter Johnson was the second of six children (Effie, Leslie, Earl, Blanche) born to Frank Edwin Johnson (1861–1921) and Minnie Olive Perry (1867–1967) on a rural farm four miles west of Humboldt, Kansas."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Johnson was the first American League pitcher to strike out four batters in one inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In April and May, he pitched 55.2 consecutive scoreless innings, still the American League record and the third-longest streak in history."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Johnson later attended Fullerton Union High School where he struck out 27 batters during a 15-inning game against Santa Ana High School."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "His earned run average of 1.14 in 1913 was the fourth-lowest ever at the time he recorded it; it remains the sixth-lowest today, despite having been surpassed by Bob Gibson in 1968 (1.12) for lowest ERA ever by a 300+ inning pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He addressed the farmers on industrial problems, and the businessmen on farm problems.\" Walter married Hazel Lee Roberts June 24, 1914, and they had five children."
}
] |
Walter Johnson was born in a farm in California.
| 0 | 3 |
Walter Johnson
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the only child of Mildred Burgess (née LaRue; 1896–1967) and John Uhler Lemmon II (1893–1962), president of the Doughnut Corporation of America."
}
] |
SDxN716l22E8caLrEQYa
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Often unwell as a child, Lemmon had three significant operations on his ears before he turned 10."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the only child of Mildred Burgess (née LaRue; 1896–1967) and John Uhler Lemmon II (1893–1962), president of the Doughnut Corporation of America."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Uhler Lemmon II was of Irish heritage, and Jack Lemmon was raised Catholic."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Lemmon was a registered Democrat."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1949–1965: Early years",
"text": "Lemmon received Oscar nominations for his performances in Some Like it"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1949–1965: Early years",
"text": "Lemmon starred in six films directed by Quine."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Lemmon was married twice. His first wife was actress Cynthia Stone, with whom he had a son, Chris Lemmon (born 1954), but the couple divorced over their incompatibility."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1949–1965: Early years",
"text": "Lemmon became a professional actor, working on radio and Broadway."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1949–1965: Early years",
"text": "Lemmon worked with director Billy Wilder on seven films."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1979–2001: Later career",
"text": "Lemmon received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1988."
}
] |
Lemmon was an only child.
| 0 | 1 |
Jack Lemmon
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Celtic Football Club ( SEL-tik) is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Celtic Football Club was formally constituted at a meeting in St. Mary's church hall in East Rose Street (now Forbes Street), Calton, Glasgow, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid on 6 November 1887, with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the East End of Glasgow by raising money for the charity Walfrid had instituted, the Poor Children's Dinner Table."
}
] |
SE5WufbwtapUC3ieGlRj
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Supporters | The Old Firm and sectarianism",
"text": "Traditionally fans of rivals Rangers came from Scottish or Northern Irish Protestant backgrounds and support British Unionism."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters | Irish republicanism",
"text": "Some groups of Celtic fans have expressed their support for Irish republicanism and the Irish Republican Army by singing or chanting about them at matches."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on other clubs",
"text": "Based in Bloemfontein, they play in the Premier Soccer League."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence on other clubs",
"text": "It was one of the most successful teams in Ireland until it withdrew from the Irish League in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Celtic and charity",
"text": "The Charity Fund has since then merged with the Celtic Foundation, forming the Celtic FC Foundation, and continues to raise money for local, national and international causes."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Women's team",
"text": "In 2007 the club launched their women's first team, sometimes known as Celtic Women."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Greatest ever team",
"text": "In 2002 the greatest ever Celtic team was voted by supporters: Ronnie Simpson Danny McGrain Tommy Gemmell"
},
{
"section_header": "Crest and colours",
"text": "Plain white socks came into use in the mid 1960s, and white has been the predominant colour worn since then."
},
{
"section_header": "Supporters | Irish republicanism",
"text": "In 2008 and 2010, there were protests by groups of fans over the team wearing the poppy for Remembrance Day, as the symbol is offensive to many in Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Players | Former players",
"text": "For further information, see List of Celtic F.C. players for players with over 100 appearances or other stated notability, List of Celtic F.C. international footballers and Category: Celtic FC players for a general list of ex-players."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Celtic Football Club ( SEL-tik) is a Scottish professional football club based in Glasgow, which plays in the Scottish Premiership."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Celtic Football Club was formally constituted at a meeting in St. Mary's church hall in East Rose Street (now Forbes Street), Calton, Glasgow, by Irish Marist Brother Walfrid on 6 November 1887, with the purpose of alleviating poverty in the East End of Glasgow by raising money for the charity Walfrid had instituted, the Poor Children's Dinner Table."
}
] |
Celtic F.C. is an Irish soccer team that came about in 1886 and in Dublin.
| 2 | 3 |
Celtic F.C.
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the first installment in a three-part film adaptation based on J. R. R. Tolkien’s 1937 novel The Hobbit."
}
] |
SF6Ym5eAlgmYA3RyjS8b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | High frame rate",
"text": "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey used a shooting and projection frame rate of 48 frames per second, becoming the first feature film with a wide release to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey is a 2012 epic high fantasy adventure film directed by Peter Jackson."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Animal deaths",
"text": "According to news reports, up to 27 animals died during the production of The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Video games",
"text": "Guardians of Middle-earth, which was released with the special disclaimer on the front art, marking the connection to the feature film and contains models and characters from The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, including Nori, Gollum, Dwalin and others. Lego The Lord of the Rings, which was released around the same time as the motion picture and contains a Lego model of Radagast, based on his portrayal in The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Pick-ups for An Unexpected Journey were filmed in July 2012 as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey grossed $303 million in the United States and Canada and $718.1 million elsewhere for a worldwide total of $1.021 billion, becoming the 15th film in history to reach $1 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Peter Travers of Rolling Stone criticised the film's use of \"48 frames per second… Couple that with 3D and the movie looks so hyper-real that you see everything that's fake about it"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "In January 2013, it was announced The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey was nominated in the Best Live Action Motion Picture category at the Cinema Audio Society Awards, awarded on 16 February."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Marketing",
"text": "On 8 October 2012, Wellington Mayor Celia Wade-Brown announced that for the week of the premiere of The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, the capital of New Zealand would be renamed the \"Middle of Middle-earth\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "as much of the Rings trilogy was… there is much that is flat-footed and tedious as well, especially in the early going.\" Kate Muir of The Times gave the film four out of five stars, saying Martin Freeman \"perks up\" the film as Bilbo Baggins and that Jackson's use of 48 frames per second 3D technology gives the film \"lurid clarity\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the first installment in a three-part film adaptation based on J. R. R. Tolkien’s 1937 novel The Hobbit."
}
] |
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey the second movie of a trilogy film series.
| 0 | 0 |
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zora Neale Hurston (January 7, 1891 – January 28, 1960) was an American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker."
}
] |
SFOhugPy8TFqFXsK78Bo
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary career | Posthumous recognition",
"text": "Zora Neale Hurston's hometown of Eatonville, Florida, celebrates her life annually in Zora Neale Hurston Festival of the Arts and Humanities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Zora Neale Hurston (January 7, 1891 – January 28, 1960) was an American author, anthropologist, and filmmaker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Interest was revived in 1975 after author Alice Walker published an article, \"In Search of Zora Neale Hurston\", in the March issue of Ms. magazine that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Anthropological and folkloric fieldwork",
"text": "She moved to Fort Pierce, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life and education",
"text": "When she was three, her family moved to Eatonville, Florida."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurston was born in Notasulga, Alabama, and moved with her family to Eatonville, Florida, in 1894."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary career | 1920s",
"text": "In 1929, Hurston moved to Eau Gallie, Florida, where she wrote Mules and Men."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "Walker commissioned a gray marker inscribed with \"ZORA NEALE HURSTON /"
},
{
"section_header": "Literary career | Posthumous recognition",
"text": "The Zora Neale Hurston House in Fort Pierce has been designated as a National Historic Landmark."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Death",
"text": "In 1979, Stetson Kennedy of Jacksonville, who knew Hurston through his work with the Federal Writers Project, added additional papers (Zora Neale Hurston Papers, University of Florida Smathers Libraries, August 2008)."
}
] |
Zora Neale Hurston was a Canadian author who moved to Florida as a teenager.
| 2 | 5 |
Zora Neale Hurston
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "South Africa has a mixed economy, the second largest in Africa after Nigeria."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and government | Foreign relations",
"text": "South Africa is one of the founding members of the African Union (AU), and has the second largest economy of all the members."
}
] |
SFfVN91MTRaQ6CwMmTgB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Despite this, South Africa is still burdened by a relatively high rate of poverty and unemployment, and is also ranked in the top ten countries in the world for income inequality, measured by the Gini coefficient."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In August 2013, South Africa was ranked as the top African Country of the Future by fDi magazine based on the country's economic potential, labour environment, cost-effectiveness, infrastructure, business friendliness, and foreign direct investment strategy."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "South Africa has a mixed economy, the second largest in Africa after Nigeria."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics and government | Foreign relations",
"text": "South Africa is one of the founding members of the African Union (AU), and has the second largest economy of all the members."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "World Bank research shows that South Africa has one of the widest gaps between per capita GDP versus its Human Development Index (HDI) ranking, with only Botswana showing a larger gap."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Climate",
"text": "The coldest place on mainland South Africa is Sutherland in the western Roggeveld Mountains, where midwinter temperatures can reach as low as −15 °C (5 °F)."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Science and technology",
"text": "It is the expressed objective of the government to transition the economy to be more reliant on high technology, based on the realisation that South Africa cannot compete with Far Eastern economies in manufacturing, nor can the republic rely on its mineral wealth in perpetuity."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In 2015, 71 percent of net wealth are held by 10 percent richest of the population, whereas 60 percent of the poorest held only 7 percent of the net wealth and the Gini coefficient was 0.63, whereas in 1996 was 0.61.Unlike most of the world's poor countries, South Africa does not have a thriving informal economy."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "is the lowland part of the Great Karoo (see map at top right), which is climatically and botanically almost indistinguishable from the Karoo above the Great Escarpment."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The country is one of the few in Africa never to have had a coup d'état, and regular elections have been held for almost a century."
}
] |
It is one of top 5 economies in Africa.
| 0 | 0 |
South Africa
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Macbeth Macbeth (; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606."
}
] |
SGX3yA8Cv38rY5NNtKQz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Restoration and eighteenth century",
"text": "Hannah Pritchard was his greatest stage partner, having her premiere as his Lady Macbeth in 1747."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs",
"text": "Macbeth is an anomaly among Shakespeare's tragedies in certain critical ways."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first published in the Folio of 1623, possibly from a prompt book, and is Shakespeare's shortest tragedy."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Shakespeare's day to the Interregnum",
"text": "The only eyewitness account of Macbeth in Shakespeare's lifetime was recorded by Simon Forman, who saw a performance at the Globe on 20 April 1610."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a tragedy of character",
"text": "Shakespeare's audience, in this view, expected villains to be wholly bad, and Senecan style, far from prohibiting a villainous protagonist, all but demanded it."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a tragedy of character",
"text": "John Dover Wilson hypothesised that Shakespeare's original text had an extra scene or scenes where husband and wife discussed their plans."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a tragedy of moral order",
"text": "Whatever Shakespeare's degree of sympathy with such inversions, the play ends with a thorough return to normative gender values."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a tragedy of character",
"text": ", Returning were as tedious as go o'er.\" While working on Russian translations of Shakespeare's works, Boris Pasternak compared Macbeth to Raskolnikov, the protagonist of Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a poetic tragedy",
"text": "This dependence, though most closely associated with Andrew Cecil Bradley, is clear as early as the time of Mary Cowden Clarke, who offered precise, if fanciful, accounts of the predramatic lives of Shakespeare's female leads."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and motifs | As a tragedy of moral order",
"text": "Macbeth's generally accepted indebtedness to medieval tragedy is often seen as significant in the play's treatment of moral order."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Macbeth Macbeth (; full title The Tragedy of Macbeth) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare; it is thought to have been first performed in 1606."
}
] |
The Shakespeare's tragedy premiered in the 17th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Macbeth
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the \"Five Civilized Tribes\", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Slavery among the Cherokee",
"text": "Of the Five Civilized Tribes removed to Indian Territory, the Cherokee were the largest tribe and held the most enslaved African Americans."
}
] |
SGcAU1VcKQ5JR2vDevQZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Reconstruction and late 19th century",
"text": "In 1905, the Five Civilized Tribes of the Indian Territory proposed the creation of the State of Sequoyah as one to be exclusively Native American, but failed to gain support in Washington, D.C.."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Slavery among the Cherokee",
"text": "Of the Five Civilized Tribes removed to Indian Territory, the Cherokee were the largest tribe and held the most enslaved African Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 18th century | Scots (and other Europeans) among the Cherokee in the 18th century",
"text": "Some had mixed-race children who would later become significant leaders among the Five Civilized Tribes of the Southeast."
},
{
"section_header": "Membership controversies | Tribal recognition and membership",
"text": "Their ancestors did not appear on the Final Rolls of the Five Civilized Tribes, registered under the Dawes Commission."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the 19th century, European settlers in the United States classified the Cherokee of the Southeast as one of the \"Five Civilized Tribes\", because they were agrarian and lived in permanent villages and began to adopt some cultural and technological practices of the European American settlers."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Slavery among the Cherokee",
"text": "From the late 1700s to the 1860s, the Five Civilized Tribes in the American Southeast began to adopt some colonial and American customs."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Civil War",
"text": "The American Civil War was devastating for both East and Western Cherokee."
},
{
"section_header": "Membership controversies | Cherokee Freedmen",
"text": "This was in the wake of the American Civil War, when the U.S. emancipated slaves and passed US constitutional amendments granting freedmen citizenship in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Civil War",
"text": "The Eastern Band, aided by William Thomas, became the Thomas Legion of Cherokee Indians and Highlanders, fighting for the Confederacy in the American Civil War."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 19th century | Civil War",
"text": "He became a Brigadier General of the Confederate States; the only other American Indian to hold the rank in the American Civil War was Ely S. Parker with the Union Army."
}
] |
The Cherokee was one of the Five Civilized Tribes and had slaves.
| 0 | 0 |
Cherokee
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Three weeks after the Paris victory parade in 1919 (marking the end of hostilities in World War I), Charles Godefroy flew his Nieuport biplane under the arch's primary vault, with the event captured on newsreel."
}
] |
SHF4Bh8AtW4sdFDnGXTH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although it is not named an Arc de Triomphe, it has been designed on the same model and in the perspective of the Arc de Triomphe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "After the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel and the Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, the Grande Arche is the third arch built on the same perspective."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "It was originally decided on 12 November 1919 to bury the unknown soldier's remains in the Panthéon, but a public letter-writing campaign led to the decision to bury him beneath the Arc de Triomphe."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "The ceiling with 21 sculpted roses Interior of the Arc de Triomphe"
},
{
"section_header": "Access",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe is accessible by the RER and Métro, with exit at the Charles de Gaulle—Étoile station."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "On 7 August 1919, Charles Godefroy successfully flew his biplane under the Arc."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "The Arc de Triomphe is located on the right bank of the Seine at the centre of a dodecagonal configuration of twelve radiating avenues."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 21st century",
"text": "In late 2018, the Arc de Triomphe suffered acts of vandalism as part of the Yellow vests movement protests."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "Above the volunteers is the winged personification of Liberty."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "the Champs-Élysées and U.S. airplanes fly overhead on 29 August 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Three weeks after the Paris victory parade in 1919 (marking the end of hostilities in World War I), Charles Godefroy flew his Nieuport biplane under the arch's primary vault, with the event captured on newsreel."
}
] |
An airplane just above the arc of the Arc de Triomphe in 1919 and was photographed.
| 0 | 1 |
Arc de Triomphe
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "There are two closely related notions of capacitance: self capacitance and mutual capacitance."
}
] |
SJMBmJo25cnDZI5xwX4h
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The notion of mutual capacitance is particularly important for understanding the operations of the capacitor, one of the three elementary linear electronic components (along with resistors and inductors)."
},
{
"section_header": "Negative capacitance in semiconductor devices",
"text": "Negative capacitance has been demonstrated and explored in many different types of semiconductor devices."
},
{
"section_header": "Capacitance in electronic and semiconductor devices",
"text": "In general, capacitance is a function of frequency."
},
{
"section_header": "Self capacitance",
"text": "This self capacitance is an important consideration at high frequencies: It changes the impedance of the coil and gives rise to parallel resonance."
},
{
"section_header": "Mutual capacitance | Capacitance matrix",
"text": "Since no actual device holds perfectly equal and opposite charges on each of the two \"plates\", it is the mutual capacitance that is reported on capacitors."
},
{
"section_header": "Mutual capacitance | Capacitance matrix",
"text": "If three (nearly ideal) conductors are given charges Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 {\\displaystyle Q_{1},Q_{2},Q_{3}} , then the voltage at conductor 1 is given by V 1 ="
},
{
"section_header": "Stray capacitance",
"text": "Any two adjacent conductors can function as a capacitor, though the capacitance is small unless the conductors are close together for long distances or over a large area."
},
{
"section_header": "Measuring capacitance",
"text": "Many DVMs (digital volt meters) have a capacitance-measuring function."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The capacitance is a function only of the geometry of the design (e.g. area of the plates and the distance between them) and the permittivity of the dielectric material between the plates of the capacitor."
},
{
"section_header": "Capacitance of conductors with simple shapes",
"text": "There is no solution in terms of elementary functions in more complicated cases."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "There are two closely related notions of capacitance: self capacitance and mutual capacitance."
}
] |
There are three types of capacitance and mutual capacitance is important in the function of a capacitor.
| 0 | 0 |
Capacitance
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Indian Postal Service issued a commemorative postage stamp honouring Chandragupta Maurya in 2001."
}
] |
SJmaOXhiKG5AroYWTUdy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Empire",
"text": "Maurya with his counsellor Chanakya together built one of the largest empires ever on the Indian subcontinent."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography",
"text": "One medieval commentator states Chandragupta to be the son of one of the Nanda’s wives with the name Mura."
},
{
"section_header": "Empire | Infrastructure projects",
"text": "Chandragupta's empire also built mines, manufacturing centres, and networks for trading goods."
},
{
"section_header": "Empire | Infrastructure projects",
"text": "Roy stated this network boosted trade and commerce, and helped move armies rapidly and efficiently."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In popular culture",
"text": "In 2018, a television series called Chandragupta Maurya portrays the life of Chandragupta Maurya."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Together, Chandragupta and Chanakya built one of the largest empires on the Indian subcontinent."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Conquest of the Nanda empire",
"text": "With the defeat of Nanda, Chandragupta Maurya founded the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Southern conquest",
"text": "According to Upinder Singh, these poems may be mentioning Mokur and Koshar kingdoms of Vadugars (northerners) in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, with one interpretation being that the Maurya empire had an alliance with these at some point of time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chandragupta Maurya was a pivotal figure in the history of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Indian Postal Service issued a commemorative postage stamp honouring Chandragupta Maurya in 2001."
}
] |
Chandragupta Maurya was immortalized on tiny adhesive squares by the country's courier network in the 2,000's
| 0 | 6 |
Chandragupta Maurya
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lyft, Inc. is an American ridesharing company based in San Francisco, California and operating in 644 cities in the United States and 12 cities in Canada."
}
] |
SK519BNhyUwSsNhCpvsn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Car rides",
"text": "Lyft is the basic and most popular offering that matches passengers with nearby drivers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lyft, Inc. is an American ridesharing company based in San Francisco, California and operating in 644 cities in the United States and 12 cities in Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company continued to offer scooters for rent in San Francisco, while Miami government asked Lyft to halt operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Car rides",
"text": "Once their account is set up, passengers can request a ride from a nearby driver."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Ratings",
"text": "Any driver averaging a low rating by a passenger will not be matched with that passenger again."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "\"In 2013, San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee proclaimed July 13 as Lyft Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Car rides",
"text": "Lyft XL matches passengers with a vehicle that can seat at least six passengers."
},
{
"section_header": "Product overview | Car rides",
"text": "Lyft offers five types of rides within the app: Shared Ride, which is not available in all cities, is the cheapest option and will match passengers with other riders who are going in the same direction."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In December 2015, Lyft became the first ridesharing company allowed to pick up passengers at Los Angeles International Airport."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In September 2015, Lyft announced a relocation of its customer service operations to Nashville and mentioned that a full relocation would be possible in the future from San Francisco."
}
] |
Lyft is an American ridesharing company based in San Francisco, and is the basic and most popular offering that matches passengers with nearby drivers.
| 0 | 0 |
Lyft
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Beliefs",
"text": "Brahms was baptised into the Lutheran church as an infant, and was confirmed at aged fifteen (at St. Michael's Church, Hamburg), but has been described as an agnostic and a humanist."
}
] |
SKA3fu5joDK2n874D3R9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Early career (1850–1862)",
"text": "1850 also marked Brahms's first contact (albeit a failed one) with Robert Schumann; during Schumann's visit to Hamburg that year, friends persuaded Brahms to send the former some of his compositions, but the package was returned unopened."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years (1833–1850)",
"text": "Johann Jakob gave his son his first musical training; Johannes also learnt to play the violin and the basics of playing the cello."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Style and influences",
"text": "You couldn't commission great music from Beethoven since he created only lesser works on commission—his more conventional pieces, his variations and the like.\" Brahms collected first editions and autographs of Mozart and Haydn's works and edited performing editions."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His reputation and status as a composer are such that he is sometimes grouped with Johann Sebastian Bach and Ludwig van Beethoven as one of the \"Three Bs\" of music, a comment originally made by the nineteenth-century conductor Hans von Bülow."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years (1833–1850)",
"text": "Brahms's father, Johann Jakob Brahms (1806–72), was from the town of Heide in Holstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Style and influences",
"text": "He studied the music of pre-classical composers, including Giovanni Gabrieli, Johann Adolph Hasse, Heinrich Schütz, Domenico Scarlatti, George Frideric Handel, and, especially, Johann Sebastian Bach."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Maturity (1862–1876)",
"text": "Premieres of the first three movements were given in Vienna, but the complete work was first given in Bremen in 1868 to great acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Style and influences",
"text": "The influence of Chopin and Mendelssohn on Brahms is less obvious, although occasionally one can find in his works what seems to be an allusion to one of theirs (for example, Brahms's Scherzo, Op. 4, alludes to Chopin's Scherzo in B-flat minor; the scherzo movement in Brahms's Piano Sonata in F minor, Op. 5, alludes to the finale of Mendelssohn's Piano Trio in C minor).Brahms considered giving up composition when it seemed that other composers' innovations in extended tonality resulted in the rule of tonality being broken altogether."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Years of fame (1876–1890)",
"text": "Richard Strauss, who had been appointed assistant to von Bülow at Meiningen, and had been uncertain about Brahms's music, found himself converted by the Third Symphony and was enthusiastic about the Fourth: \"a giant work, great in concept and invention."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Early years (1833–1850)",
"text": "Marxsen conveyed to Brahms the tradition of these composers and ensured that Brahms's own compositions were grounded in that tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Beliefs",
"text": "Brahms was baptised into the Lutheran church as an infant, and was confirmed at aged fifteen (at St. Michael's Church, Hamburg), but has been described as an agnostic and a humanist."
}
] |
Johannes Brahms was religious for most of his life and had a great deal of effect on his music composition.
| 2 | 4 |
Johannes Brahms
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Her experience running the ever-expanding Systers mailing list, which she founded in 1987, led her to work in email communication."
}
] |
SKB0nWCVhkAVgAJts0ss
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Her experience running the ever-expanding Systers mailing list, which she founded in 1987, led her to work in email communication."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "In 1987, Borg founded Systers, the first email network for women in technology."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "In 1992, when Mattel Inc. began selling a Barbie doll that said math class is tough, the voices of protest that started with the Systers list played a role in getting Mattel to remove that phrase from Barbie's microchip."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "Borg oversaw Systers until 2000."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "Systers occasionally tackled issues that were not highly technical but pertained to its members."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "A dozen of the women at the conference made plans to eat lunch together, and that is where the idea for Systers was formed."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "Systers membership was limited to women with highly technical training and discussions were strictly confined to technical issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Soon after starting at Xerox, she founded the Institute for Women and Technology, having previously founded the Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing in 1994."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Systers",
"text": "Systers was established to provide a private space for its members to seek input and share advice based on their common experiences."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Awards and recognition",
"text": "Borg received the EFF Pioneer Award from the Electronic Frontier Foundation and was recognized by the Girl Scouts of the USA, as well as listed on Open Computing Magazine's Top 100 Women in Computing."
}
] |
Anita Borg founded the Systers mailing list in 1987.
| 0 | 5 |
Anita Borg
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Playing for the Washington Senators from 1915 until 1933, he was regularly among the American League leaders in runs scored, hits, stolen bases and batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Rice made his debut as a relief pitcher, he is best known as an outfielder."
}
] |
SKYlPwFsCyI0aRS41GPa
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | The catch",
"text": "In Game 3 of the 1925 World Series, the Senators were leading the Pittsburgh Pirates, 4–3."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although Rice made his debut as a relief pitcher, he is best known as an outfielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was known as \"Eddie\" during his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Early baseball career",
"text": "In 1914, Rice joined the Petersburg Goobers of the Virginia League as a pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rice was best known for making a controversial catch in the 1925 World Series which carried him over the fence and into the stands."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | The catch",
"text": "With two out in the top of the inning, Pirate catcher Earl Smith drove a ball to right-center field."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | The catch",
"text": "Some Pittsburgh fans sent signed and notarized documents claiming that they saw a fan pick up the ball and put it back in Rice's glove."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Later career",
"text": "Though Rice hit .310 in 1931 across 120 games, Dave Harris got significant playing time when the team was facing lefthanded pitchers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edgar Charles \"Sam\" Rice (February 20, 1890 – October 13, 1974) was an American pitcher and outfielder in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In an appearance on April 21, Rice entered the game as a relief pitcher and finished the last three innings of a Pavers victory, giving up one run in a game marked by forceful winds."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Playing for the Washington Senators from 1915 until 1933, he was regularly among the American League leaders in runs scored, hits, stolen bases and batting average."
}
] |
Rice was most known as a pitcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates.
| 1 | 1 |
Sam Rice
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Announced acquisition",
"text": "However, on June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway announced it would be purchasing Grubhub for $7.3 billion in an all-stock deal."
}
] |
SKf0dOguvfrgO9Kc3yOh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Delivery",
"text": "In the U.S. its competitors include Uber Eats, DoorDash, Postmates, EatStreet, Amazon Restaurants and Online Restaurants."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Announced acquisition",
"text": "On May 12, 2020, Uber announced that it was approaching Grubhub with a takeover offer."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy | Allegations of monopolistic behavior",
"text": "In April 2020, a group of New Yorkers sued DoorDash, GrubHub, Postmates, and Uber Eats, accusing them of using their market power monopolistically by only listing restaurants on their apps if the restaurant owners signed contracts which include clauses that require prices be the same for dine-in customers as for customers receiving delivery."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Grubhub and Seamless merger",
"text": "In May 2013, Grubhub and Seamless announced that they were merging, with Seamless representing 58% of the equity and GrubHub representing 42% of the equity of the combined business; the merger was finalized in early August 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Announced acquisition",
"text": "However, on June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway announced it would be purchasing Grubhub for $7.3 billion in an all-stock deal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On June 9, 2020, Just Eat Takeaway, a European food delivery service, announced an agreement to buy Grubhub for $7.3 billion in stock."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Delivery",
"text": "In February 2020, the company announced the launch of its new Grubhub+ monthly subscription program, which offers free, unlimited food delivery from partner restaurants for monthly fee."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Grubhub history",
"text": "Grubhub completed the acquisition of AllMenus that month."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Grubhub history",
"text": "GrubHub completed its acquisition of OrderUp in October 2018.LevelUp, a Boston-based diner engagement and payment solutions platform was acquired by Grubhub in September 2018."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Grubhub history",
"text": "In October 2017, Grubhub announced that had it completed its acquisition of Eat24."
}
] |
Grubhub almost merged with Uber but was bought by Amazon in 2020.
| 0 | 0 |
Grubhub
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson."
}
] |
SKqHnDCGr0r98pUPubq3
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson (born 15 April 1990) is an English actress, model, and activist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Her parents divorced when she was young, and Watson moved to England to live with her mother in Oxfordshire while spending weekends at her father's house in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Paris and brought up in Oxfordshire, Watson attended the Dragon School and trained as an actress at the Oxford branch of Stagecoach Theatre Arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "In May 2007, she took AS levels in English, Geography, Art, and History of Art."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "On 25 May 2014, she graduated from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Modelling and fashion",
"text": "Draped in an Elie Saab haute couture design donated to Tussauds by the designer, Nicole Fenner stated, \"Emma is one of the most requested personalities by our guests."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From 2011 to 2014, Watson split her time between working on films and continuing her education, graduating from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature in May 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Modelling and fashion",
"text": "She's a true English rose known and loved by millions of film and fashion fans around the world\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–present",
"text": "Watson also had a supporting role in the apocalyptic comedy"
}
] |
Emma Watson was born in Ireland to English parents.
| 3 | 6 |
Emma Watson
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Hidalgo was the second-born child of Don Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla and Doña Ana María Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor."
}
] |
SLFpSXSKyBnT1VzNbChY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ignacio Hidalgo-Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor (8 May 1753 – 30 July 1811), more commonly known as Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or Miguel Hidalgo (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel iˈðalɣo]), was a Spanish Roman Catholic priest, a leader of the Mexican War of Independence, and recognized as the Father of the Nation."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Hidalgo was the second-born child of Don Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla and Doña Ana María Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\"Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla had the unique distinction of being a father in three senses of the word: a priestly father in the Roman Catholic Church, a biological father who produced illegitimate children in violation of his clerical vows, and the father of his country."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\" He has been hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustín de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "During this period, Don Cristóbal was determined that Miguel and his younger brother Joaquín should both enter the priesthood and hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution",
"text": "The heads remained there for ten years until the end of the Mexican War of Independence to serve as a warning to other insurgents."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution",
"text": "Insurgent fighting evolved into guerrilla warfare, and eventually the next major insurgent leader, José María Morelos Pérez y Pavón, who had led rebel movements with Hidalgo, became head of the insurgents, until Morelos himself was captured and shot in 1815."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Later, political movements would favor the more liberal Hidalgo over the conservative Iturbide, and 16 September 1810 became the officially recognized day of Mexican independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The reason for this is that Hidalgo is considered to be \"precursor and creator of the rest of the heroes of the (Mexican War of) Independence.\" Diego Rivera painted Hidalgo's image in half a dozen murals."
},
{
"section_header": "Execution",
"text": "There are many theories about how he was executed, the most famous that he was killed by firing squad in the morning of 30 July and then decapitated."
}
] |
Ignacio Hidalgo-Costilla y Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñor (8 May 1753 – 30 July 1811), the first child of Don Cristóbal Hidalgo y Costilla and Doña Ana María Gallaga Mandarte Villaseñorwas a Spanish Roman Catholic priest, a leader of the Mexican War of Independence, and recognized as the Father of the Nation.
| 0 | 0 |
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He earned his nickname in 1929 in San Antonio, Texas, while in the U.S. Army and pitching for the Fort Sam Houston baseball team."
}
] |
SLHMwdHwGBi97EcKewDd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jay Hanna \"Dizzy\" Dean (January 16, 1910 – July 17, 1974), also known as Jerome Herman Dean (both the 1910 and 1920 Censuses show his name as \"Jay\"), was an American professional baseball pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He earned his nickname in 1929 in San Antonio, Texas, while in the U.S. Army and pitching for the Fort Sam Houston baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "The United States Congress designated the U.S. Post Office in Wiggins, Mississippi as the \"Jay Hanna 'Dizzy' Dean Post Office\" in 2000 by Public Law 106-236."
},
{
"section_header": "Ace of the Gashouse Gang",
"text": "Americans saw in these players a spirit of hard work and perseverance, as opposed to the haughty, highly-paid New York Giants, whom the Cardinals chased for the National League pennant."
},
{
"section_header": "Ace of the Gashouse Gang",
"text": "Dean was known for antics which inspired his nickname."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury-shortened career",
"text": "At age 37, Dean pitched four innings, allowing no runs, and rapped a single in his only at-bat."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "MVP in 1934 Inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame Despite having what amounted to only half a career, in 1999, he ranked Number 85 on \"The Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players\", and was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Ace of the Gashouse Gang",
"text": "After the season, Dean was awarded the National League's Most Valuable Player Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury-shortened career",
"text": "While pitching for the NL in the 1937 All-Star Game, Dean faced Earl Averill of the American League Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "Dizzy Dean in one of the characters of Mr. Vértigo, the novel written by the American author Paul Auster in 1994."
}
] |
American baseball player Jay Hanna "Dizzy" Dean got his nickname in the U.S. Army.
| 0 | 0 |
Dizzy Dean
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Casualties",
"text": "In total, 907 were killed during the 74 days of the conflict: Argentina – 649Ejército Argentino (Army) –"
}
] |
SLMXAhtrLkHSe4O0I4Jb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Casualties",
"text": "A total of 255 British servicemen and 3 female Falkland Island civilians were killed during the Falklands War."
},
{
"section_header": "Argentine invasion | Position of third-party countries",
"text": "In the House of Commons afterwards, Margaret Thatcher said: “…the New Zealand Government and people have been absolutely magnificent in their support for this country [and] the Falkland Islanders, for the rule of liberty and of law\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Land battles | Fall of Stanley",
"text": "During this battle, 13 were killed when HMS Glamorgan, straying too close to shore while returning from the gun line, was struck by an improvised trailer-based Exocet MM38 launcher taken from the destroyer ARA Seguí by Argentine Navy technicians."
},
{
"section_header": "Argentine invasion | Position of third-party countries",
"text": "Peru also openly sent \"Mirages, pilots and missiles\" to Argentina during the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Casualties",
"text": "the 86 Royal Navy personnel, 22 were lost in HMS Ardent, 19 + 1 lost in HMS Sheffield, 19 + 1 lost in HMS Coventry and 13 lost in HMS Glamorgan."
},
{
"section_header": "British task force | Escalation of the air war",
"text": "Therefore, the Argentines were forced to launch their major strikes from the mainland, severely hampering their efforts at forward staging, combat air patrols, and close air support over the islands."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Memorials",
"text": "During the war, British dead were put into plastic body bags and buried in mass graves."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In total, 649 Argentine military personnel, 255 British military personnel, and three Falkland Islanders died during the hostilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In Argentina, defeat in the Falklands War meant that a possible war with Chile was avoided."
},
{
"section_header": "Air and sea battles",
"text": "The Argentines lost 22 aircraft in the attacks."
},
{
"section_header": "Casualties",
"text": "In total, 907 were killed during the 74 days of the conflict: Argentina – 649Ejército Argentino (Army) –"
}
] |
Close to 300 people lost their life during the Falklands War.
| 0 | 1 |
Falklands War
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Canopus , also designated α Carinae, Latinised to Alpha Carinae, is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina and the second-brightest star in the night sky."
}
] |
SLR865QNtxlvVeQZLiKq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "No star closer than Canopus is more luminous than it, and it has been the brightest star in Earth's night sky during three epochs over the past four million years."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "The third is in the right foote of the Centaure.\" In the Southern Hemisphere, Canopus and Sirius are both visible high in the sky simultaneously, and reach a meridian just 21 min apart."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "It has been classified as a less luminous supergiant (luminosity class Ib), although it is now considered to be a bright giant."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance | India",
"text": "The Bedouin people of the Negev and Sinai also knew Canopus as Suhayl, and used it and Polaris as the two principal stars for navigation at night."
},
{
"section_header": "Physical characteristics",
"text": "Canopus is bright at microwave wavelengths, one of the few F-class stars to be detected by radio."
},
{
"section_header": "Role in navigation",
"text": "The south celestial pole can be approximately located using Canopus and another bright star, Achernar."
},
{
"section_header": "Spectrum",
"text": "In the Bright Star Catalogue 5th edition it is given the spectral class F0II, the luminosity class indicating a bright giant."
},
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "The first of these is that bright Star in the sterne of Argo which they call Canobus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Canopus , also designated α Carinae, Latinised to Alpha Carinae, is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina and the second-brightest star in the night sky."
},
{
"section_header": "Distance",
"text": "The larger distance derives from the assumption of a very bright absolute magnitude for Canopus."
}
] |
Canopus is the penultimate star in the sky in terms of ranked brightness, right behind Polaris as the most luminous.
| 0 | 0 |
Canopus
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan."
}
] |
SLXnjL3xIyfQUwScJ9lv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ferdinand Magellan ( or ; Portuguese: Fernão de Magalhães,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The expedition reached the Philippine islands, where Magellan was killed during the Battle of Mactan."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and travels",
"text": "Magellan was born in the Portuguese town of Sabrosa in or around 1480."
},
{
"section_header": "Reputation following circumnavigation",
"text": "The Portuguese regarded Magellan as a traitor for having sailed for Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born around 1480 into a family of minor Portuguese nobility, Magellan became a skilled sailor and naval officer and was in service of the Portuguese crown in Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "Mendoza was killed during the conflict, and Magellan sentenced Quesada and Cartagena to being beheaded and marooned, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "On 27 April, Magellan and members of his crew attempted to subdue the Mactan natives by force, but in the ensuing battle, the Europeans were overpowered and Magellan was killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "While exploring the strait, one of the remaining four ships, the San Antonio, deserted the fleet, returning east to Spain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "IPA: [fɨɾˈnɐ̃w dɨ mɐɣɐˈʎɐ̃jʃ]; Spanish: Fernando de Magallanes, IPA: [feɾˈnando ðe maɣaˈʎanes]; c. 1480 – 27 April 1521) was a Portuguese explorer who organised the Spanish expedition to the East Indies from 1519 to 1522, resulting in the first circumnavigation of the Earth, which was completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano."
},
{
"section_header": "Voyage of circumnavigation | Voyage",
"text": "Magellan befriended local leaders on the island of Limasawa, and on 31 March, held the first Mass in the Philippines, planting a cross on the island's highest hill."
}
] |
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was killed in the Philippines.
| 0 | 0 |
Ferdinand Magellan
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his resignation as governor, Frémont retired from politics and died destitute in New York City in 1890."
}
] |
SM8W9COHkQbUpt10vvyo
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Middle School, Roseburg, Oregon"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Senior High School, Los Angeles"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary School Carson City, Nevada"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Library in Florence, ColoradoSchools and school districts: Fremont Unified School District, Fremont, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "Hospitals: John C. Fremont Hospital, Mariposa, California (where Frémont and his wife lived during the Gold Rush) Fremont Hospital, Yuba City, CaliforniaLibraries: John C. Fremont Branch Library on Melrose Avenue in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Fremont Elementary Modesto, California Frémont Elementary School, Long Beach, California"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Places",
"text": "The John C. Fremont Trail (the path of Fremont's march into Santa Barbara, California in December 1846) Fremont Campground in the Los Padres National Forest"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Organizations",
"text": "John C. Frémont Elementary School, Taylorsville, Utah"
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Other commemorations",
"text": "The Fremont Cannon, the \"largest and most expensive trophy in college football is a replica of a cannon that accompanied Captain John C. Frémont on his expedition through Oregon, Nevada and California in 1843–44\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Places and organizations named in commemoration | Other commemorations",
"text": "In 2013, the Georgia Historical Society erected a historical marker at the birthplace of John C. Frémont in Savannah, Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After his resignation as governor, Frémont retired from politics and died destitute in New York City in 1890."
}
] |
John C. Fremont was poor when he died.
| 0 | 4 |
John C. Frémont
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life | Contract dispute",
"text": "Midway through the 1901 season, the Boston Americans of the upstart American League offered $1,500 ($46,098) to Toledo to buy out Joss's contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Contract dispute",
"text": "The St. Louis Cardinals of the National League (NL) matched Boston's offer; Toledo rejected both offers."
}
] |
SMGJQ7NVT1ghUnRGrTKI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death and benefit game",
"text": "\"I'll do anything they want for Addie Joss' family\", Johnson said."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and benefit game",
"text": "\"The memory of Addie Joss is sacred to everyone with whom he ever came in contact."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Contract dispute",
"text": "The St. Louis Cardinals of the National League (NL) matched Boston's offer; Toledo rejected both offers."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Addie Joss was born on April 12, 1880, in Woodland, Dodge County, Wisconsin."
},
{
"section_header": "Recognition",
"text": "The Naps lost 5–3. Boston Globe sports editor Jason Nason campaigned for Joss' induction into the Hall of Fame starting in the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Journalism and engineering interests",
"text": "The Press introduced Joss in columns this way: \"Of all the baseball players in the land, Addie Joss is far and away the best qualified for this work."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Contract dispute",
"text": "Midway through the 1901 season, the Boston Americans of the upstart American League offered $1,500 ($46,098) to Toledo to buy out Joss's contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adrian \"Addie\" Joss (April 12, 1880 – April 14, 1911), nicknamed \"The Human Hairpin,\" was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Journalism and engineering interests",
"text": ", Joss worked on designing an electric scoreboard that would later be known as the Joss Indicator."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and benefit game",
"text": "Joss could not stand on his own and his speech was slurred."
}
] |
Addie Joss could of been traded to Boston or the Cardinals.
| 3 | 7 |
Addie Joss
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "A cup inscribed \"ΦΕΙΔΙΟΥ ΕΙΜΙ\" or"
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "\"I belong to Phidias\" was found at the site."
}
] |
SMOnW6vu9Be6QRtadIYI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 12.4 m (41 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias around 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him—whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Phidias could see him—the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad: ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Seeking to outdo their Athenian rivals, the Eleans employed the renowned sculptor Phidias, who had previously made the massive statue of Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the statue was lost and destroyed during the 5th century AD; details of its form are known only from ancient Greek descriptions and representations on coins."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "The sanctuary at Olympia fell into disuse."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The statue of Zeus was commissioned by the Eleans, custodians of the Olympic Games, in the latter half of the fifth century BC for their newly constructed Temple of Zeus."
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "But earlier loss or damage is implied by Lucian of Samosata in the later 2nd century, who referenced it in Timon: \"they have laid hands on your person at Olympia, my lord High-Thunderer, and you had not the energy to wake the dogs or call in the neighbours; surely they might have come to the rescue and caught the fellows before they had finished packing up the loot.\" The approximate date of the statue (the third quarter of the 5th century BC) was confirmed in the rediscovery (1954–58) of Phidias' workshop, approximately where Pausanias said the statue of Zeus was constructed."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The sculptor also was reputed to have immortalised Pantarkes, the winner of the boys' wrestling event at the eighty-sixth Olympiad who was said to have been his \"beloved\" (eromenos), by carving Pantarkes kalos (\"Pantarkes is beautiful\") into Zeus's little finger, and by placing a relief of the boy crowning himself at the feet of the statue."
},
{
"section_header": "Loss and destruction",
"text": "where down to the present day the bronze jar stood to cover the place.\" According to Roman historian Suetonius, the Roman Emperor Caligula gave orders that \"such statues of the gods as were especially famous for their sanctity or their artistic merit, including that of Jupiter at Olympia, should be brought from Greece, in order to remove their heads and put his own in their place."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "\" It seems that if Zeus were to stand up,\" the geographer Strabo noted early in the 1st century BC, \"he would unroof the temple.\" The Zeus was a chryselephantine sculpture, made with ivory and gold panels on a wooden substructure."
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "A cup inscribed \"ΦΕΙΔΙΟΥ ΕΙΜΙ\" or"
},
{
"section_header": "Phidias' workshop",
"text": "\"I belong to Phidias\" was found at the site."
}
] |
The sculptor of the Statue of Zeus at Olympia had a tumbler with his name on it.
| 0 | 0 |
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
|
Music
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Kenny G was born in Seattle, Washington."
}
] |
SMPF6V2TOrcBo1A06As8
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His mother was from Saskatchewan, Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Kenny G was born in Seattle, Washington."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kenny G filed for divorce in August"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "At the end of the scene, Kenny G appears as a janitor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kenny G now lives in Malibu, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Equipment",
"text": "He has created his own line of saxophones called \"Kenny G Saxophones\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "It helped Kenny G get back to the Billboard 200 at number 86."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "And then I heard Kenny G, and I never put on another Miles record.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kenny G married Janice DeLeon in 1980, and they divorced in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Continued popularity",
"text": "\"I'm Your Daddy\". Kenny G said he knew nothing of Weezer before the performance."
}
] |
Kenny G is from Canada.
| 0 | 2 |
Kenny G
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film differs substantially from the novel."
}
] |
SNR1AJGxig3NkRMTfhPY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "As Forrest is finally reunited with Jenny, she introduces him to their son, named Forrest Gump,"
},
{
"section_header": "Symbolism | Feather",
"text": "\"In The Simpsons episode \"Gump Roast\" opening scene, Homer Simpson is shown on a park bench, same like Forrest Gump."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is based on the 1986 novel of the same name by Winston Groom and stars Tom Hanks, Robin Wright, Gary Sinise, Mykelti Williamson and Sally Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reception",
"text": "Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote, \"I've never met anyone like Forrest Gump in a movie before, and for that matter I've never seen a movie quite like 'Forrest Gump.'"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In 1981 at a bus stop in Savannah, Georgia, a man named Forrest Gump recounts his life story to strangers who sit next to him on a bench."
},
{
"section_header": "Symbolism | Political interpretations",
"text": "\"In 1995, National Review included Forrest Gump in its list of the \"Best 100 Conservative Movies\" of all time, and ranked it number four on its 25 Best Conservative Movies of the Last 25 Years list."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "On his first day of school, Forrest meets a girl named Jenny Curran, and the two become best friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel sequel",
"text": "On the very first page of the sequel novel, Forrest Gump tells readers \"Don't never let nobody make a movie of your life's story,\" though \"Whether they get it right or wrong, it doesn't matter."
},
{
"section_header": "Novel sequel",
"text": "\" The first chapter of the book suggests the real-life events surrounding the film have been incorporated into Forrest's storyline, and that Forrest got a lot of media attention as a result of the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Script",
"text": "Both center on the character of Forrest Gump."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film differs substantially from the novel."
}
] |
The Forrest Gump movie is faithful to the book of the same name.
| 0 | 0 |
Forrest Gump
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7."
}
] |
SNcGK6ksNLov4JDcF0eH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "Nitrogen is one of the most important elements in organic chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "C– N bonds are strongly polarised towards nitrogen."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "The amount of nitrogen in a chemical substance can be determined by the Kjeldahl method."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Allotropes | Black nitrogen",
"text": "In early 2020, researchers at the university of Bayreuth found a new allotrope, the so-called 'black nitrogen'."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "In these compounds, nitrogen is usually trivalent (though it can be tetravalent in quaternary ammonium salts, R4N+), with a lone pair that can confer basicity on the compound by being coordinated to a proton."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "In particular, nitrogen is an essential component of nucleic acids, amino acids and thus proteins, and the energy-carrying molecule adenosine triphosphate and is thus vital to all life on Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Safety | Liquid",
"text": "Liquid nitrogen readily evaporates to form gaseous nitrogen, and hence the precautions associated with gaseous nitrogen also apply to liquid nitrogen."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1910, Lord Rayleigh discovered that an electrical discharge in nitrogen gas produced \"active nitrogen\", a monatomic allotrope of nitrogen."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Allotropes",
"text": "Atomic nitrogen, also known as active nitrogen, is highly reactive, being a triradical with three unpaired electrons."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Allotropes",
"text": "Given the great reactivity of atomic nitrogen, elemental nitrogen usually occurs as molecular N2, dinitrogen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nitrogen is the chemical element with the symbol N and atomic number 7."
}
] |
Nitrogen has the abbreviation NT.
| 0 | 0 |
Nitrogen
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry Keeler (March 3, 1872 – January 1, 1923), nicknamed \"Wee Willie\", was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1892 to 1910, primarily for the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas in the National League, and the New York Highlanders in the American League."
}
] |
SNzPM3fIsEYxqeLefNLB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "In 1978, Pete Rose tied Keeler's single season mark of 44 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Keeler's advice to hitters was \"Keep your eye clear, and hit 'em where they ain't\"—\"they\" being the opposing fielders."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "He was one of the smallest players to play the game, standing"
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "In one of the most one-sided trades in baseball history, Hanlon obtained Dan Brouthers and Keeler from Brooklyn in exchange for Billy Shindle and George Treadway."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of the greatest contact hitters of all time and notoriously hard to strike out"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Keeler, one of the best hitters of his time, was elected into the National Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry Keeler (March 3, 1872 – January 1, 1923), nicknamed \"Wee Willie\", was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball who played from 1892 to 1910, primarily for the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas in the National League, and the New York Highlanders in the American League."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career",
"text": "Keeler also had eight consecutive seasons with 200 hits or more, a record broken by Ichiro Suzuki in 2009.In 1901, when Ban Johnson formed the American League, one of the first acts was to raid the National League and offer their stars big contracts."
}
] |
Willie Keeler's moniker on the field was "Wee Willie".
| 1 | 1 |
Willie Keeler
|
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