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History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Election of 1880",
"text": "The New York World summed up Arthur's presidency at his death in 1886: \"No duty was neglected in his administration, and no adventurous project alarmed the nation.\" Mark Twain wrote of him, \"It would be hard indeed to better President Arthur's administration.\" Conkling and his fellow Stalwarts, including Arthur, wished to follow up their 1879 success at the 1880 Republican National Convention by securing the nomination for their ally, ex-President Grant."
}
] |
RJv8a78ie0vtfSUJkSE6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st president of the United States from 1881 to 1885."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency 1881–1885 | Judicial appointments",
"text": "Arthur made appointments to fill two vacancies on the United States Supreme Court."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Birth and family",
"text": "Chester Alan Arthur was born October 5, 1829, in Fairfield, Vermont."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Birth and family",
"text": "He was named \"Chester\" after Chester Abell, the physician and family friend who assisted in his birth, and \"Alan\" for his paternal grandfather."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Birth and family",
"text": "In 1828, the family moved again, to Fairfield, where Chester Alan Arthur was born the following year; he was the fifth of nine children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early career | Civil War",
"text": "The couple took their son's death hard, and when they had another son, Chester Alan Jr., in 1864, they lavished attention on him."
},
{
"section_header": "Election of 1880",
"text": "The New York World summed up Arthur's presidency at his death in 1886: \"No duty was neglected in his administration, and no adventurous project alarmed the nation.\" Mark Twain wrote of him, \"It would be hard indeed to better President Arthur's administration.\" Conkling and his fellow Stalwarts, including Arthur, wished to follow up their 1879 success at the 1880 Republican National Convention by securing the nomination for their ally, ex-President Grant."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Birth and family",
"text": "George (1836–1838) Mary (1841–1917), the wife of John E. McElroy, an Albany businessman and insurance executive, and Arthur's official White House hostess during his presidencyThe family's frequent moves later spawned accusations that Chester Arthur was not a native-born citizen of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "On April 5, 1882, Arthur was elected to the District of Columbia Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States (MOLLUS) as a Third Class Companion (insignia number 02430), the honorary membership category for militia officers and civilians who made significant contributions to the war effort."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Birth and family",
"text": "Had that been true, opponents might have argued that Arthur was constitutionally ineligible for the vice presidency under the United States Constitution's natural-born-citizen clause."
}
] |
Chester Alan Arthur, the 21st president of the United States, was disdained by the people of his time and publicly made fun of by Mark Twain.
| 0 | 0 |
Chester A. Arthur
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Heart of Darkness is criticised in postcolonial studies, particularly by Nigerian novelist Chinua Achebe."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It provided the inspiration for Francis Ford Coppola's 1979 film Apocalypse Now."
}
] |
RK5DdRfMFxW19I2UIl0R
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Film and television",
"text": "A film documenting the production, titled Hearts of Darkness: A Filmmaker's Apocalypse, showed some of the difficulties which director Coppola faced making the film, which resembled some of the novella's themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It provided the inspiration for Francis Ford Coppola's 1979 film Apocalypse Now."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Film and television",
"text": "Ad Astra is loosely inspired by the events of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Radio and stage",
"text": "The production starred James McAvoy as Marlow."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Video games",
"text": "The last area of the game is called \"The Heart of Darkness\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Film and television",
"text": "James Gray's 2019 science fiction film"
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication",
"text": "When Conrad began to write the novella, eight years after returning from Africa, he drew inspiration from his travel journals."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Film and television",
"text": "Perhaps the most known adaptation is Francis Ford Coppola's 1979 film Apocalypse"
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication",
"text": "The volume consisted of Youth: a Narrative, Heart of Darkness and The End of the Tether in that order."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Heart of Darkness is criticised in postcolonial studies, particularly by Nigerian novelist Chinua Achebe."
}
] |
Heart of Darkness has inspired the production of a film.
| 4 | 7 |
Heart of Darkness
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lazzeri was born and raised in San Francisco, California."
}
] |
RKLAQ6UBlwmC34Wklcut
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lazzeri also played semi-professional baseball and trained to become a prizefighter."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "Lazzeri batted .248 with 14 home runs in 135 games for Peoria, before being recalled to Salt Lake City."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Yankees",
"text": "Despite the games he missed, Lazzeri tied Joe Judge for third place in Most Valuable Player voting, with the award being won by Mickey Cochrane."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Lazzeri is also the only player in major league baseball to hit a natural cycle with the final home run being a grand slam on June 3, 1932.The Veterans Committee elected Lazzeri to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lazzeri was born on December 6, 1903, to Augustine and Julia Lazzeri, who had emigrated from Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At age 15, Lazzeri was expelled from school."
},
{
"section_header": "Minor league career",
"text": "The Cincinnati Reds passed on Lazzeri as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lazzeri was born and raised in San Francisco, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Later career",
"text": "The Yankees released Lazzeri following the 1937 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Koenig considered Lazzeri the team's most valuable player."
}
] |
Tony Lazzeri is from Sicily and trained to be a prizefighter.
| 2 | 3 |
Tony Lazzeri
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Life expectancy went from 36 years (in 1895) to 72 years (in the year 2000)."
}
] |
RKVsJI0fGqdQmRBPK4bA
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Throughout the 19th century, the population of Mexico had barely doubled."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Painting",
"text": "Some of the most outstanding painters in the late 20th century and early 21st century"
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Emigration",
"text": "At the turn of the 21st century, this figure more than doubled to 9.5 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Painting",
"text": "Most art in the colonial era was religious, but starting in the late seventeenth century and most prominently in the eighteenth century, secular portraits and casta painting appeared."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Ethnicity and race",
"text": "Modern Asian immigration began in the late 19th century, and at one point in the early 20th century the Chinese were the second largest immigrant group."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Transportation",
"text": "Starting in the late nineteenth century, Mexico was one of the first Latin American countries to promote railway development, and the network covers 30,952 km (19,233 mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "It is commonly believed that football was introduced in Mexico by Cornish miners at the end of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "From the late nineteenth century Porfiriato, Protestants began to make inroads in Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Painting",
"text": "Freedom of design is observed in relation to the color and texture of the canvases and murals as a period of transition between the 20th century and the 21st century."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Indigenous civilizations",
"text": "This usage has been the subject of debate since the late 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics",
"text": "Life expectancy went from 36 years (in 1895) to 72 years (in the year 2000)."
}
] |
The duration of life for the citizens of Mexico doubled from the late 19th century till the start of the 21st century.
| 0 | 0 |
Mexico
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Banks signed with the Chicago Cubs in late 1953, making his major league debut on September 17 at age 22 and playing in 10 games at Wrigley Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ernest Banks (January 31, 1931 – January 23, 2015), nicknamed \"Mr. Cub\" and \"Mr. Sunshine\", was an American professional baseball player who starred in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a shortstop and first baseman for the Chicago Cubs between 1953 and 1971."
}
] |
RKjhcRbLVNhEcToJ5zvN
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Move to first base",
"text": "Banks competed with John Boccabella for a starting position at first base."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "He played and was the starting NL shortstop in his first of 13 All-Star Games that season."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Move to first base",
"text": "In 1965, Banks hit 28 home runs, had 107 RBI, a .265 batting average, and played and started at first base in the All-Star Game."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Move to first base",
"text": "He was not selected to be an All-Star for the first of two All-Star games that season since 1959, when MLB started having two All-Star Games per season through 1962, but was selected as a reserve player."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He remarried in 1984. In 1993, his third wife Marjorie was part of a group that met with MLB executives to discuss race relations in baseball after allegations of racial slurs surfaced against Cincinnati Reds owner Marge Schott."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ernest Banks (January 31, 1931 – January 23, 2015), nicknamed \"Mr. Cub\" and \"Mr. Sunshine\", was an American professional baseball player who starred in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a shortstop and first baseman for the Chicago Cubs between 1953 and 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Later years",
"text": "At the 1990 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, the first one held at Wrigley Field since Banks' playing days, he threw out the ceremonial first pitch to starting catcher Mike Scioscia."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Final seasons",
"text": "Banks finished his career with 512 home runs; his 277 home runs as a shortstop were a career record at the time of his retirement. (Cal Ripken, Jr now holds the record for most home runs as a shortstop with 345.) Banks holds Cubs records for games played (2,528), at-bats (9,421), extra-base hits (1,009) and total bases (4,706)."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Banks said, \"I kept my mouth shut but tried to make a difference."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Move to first base",
"text": "Banks hit only 15 home runs; Cubs finished the 1966 season in last place with a 59–103 win-loss record, the worst season of Durocher's career."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Banks signed with the Chicago Cubs in late 1953, making his major league debut on September 17 at age 22 and playing in 10 games at Wrigley Field."
}
] |
Ernest Banks started his MLB career with the Boston Red Sox.
| 0 | 0 |
Ernie Banks
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A remake of the film was released in 1955 under the name The Rains of Ranchipur."
}
] |
RLswHgleaCncyLqdHLKc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rains Came is a 1939 20th Century Fox film based on an American novel by Louis Bromfield (published in June 1937 by Harper & Brothers)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A remake of the film was released in 1955 under the name The Rains of Ranchipur."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "\"TCM.com reports some of cinematographer Arthur Miller's recollections about The Rains Came, including his \"obsession\" with the rain."
},
{
"section_header": "Accolades | 1955 adaptation",
"text": "The Rains Came was remade in 1955 as The Rains of Ranchipur, with Richard Burton, Lana Turner and Fred MacMurray in the Power, Loy and Brent roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "I was turning a little blue when he finally called 'Cut!'"
}
] |
The Rains Came is a movie based on a novel and a remake was called The Rains Poured Down.
| 0 | 0 |
The Rains Came
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities and it was likely to have been one of the mythical great cities, or Tollans, referred to in later Mesoamerican literature."
}
] |
RMCVTtTpdPzkQnkL06dm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities and it was likely to have been one of the mythical great cities, or Tollans, referred to in later Mesoamerican literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description",
"text": "Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities, with the relatively densely clustered architecture of the site core covering an area of at least 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi)."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Casa Colorada Group",
"text": "In one chamber there are extensive carved hieroglyphs that mention rulers of Chichen Itza and possibly of the nearby city of Ek Balam, and contain a Maya date inscribed which correlates to 869 AD, one of the oldest such dates found in all of Chichen Itza."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The city may have had the most diverse population in the Maya world, a factor that could have contributed to the variety of architectural styles at the site."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "The book recounted Stephens' visit to Yucatán and his tour of Maya cities, including Chichén Itzá."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chichen Itza was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Terminal Classic period."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Spanish conquest",
"text": "The Maya became more hostile over time, and eventually they laid siege to the Spanish, cutting off their supply line to the coast, and forcing them to barricade themselves among the ruins of the ancient city."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "The book prompted other explorations of the city."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Modern history",
"text": "For 30 years, Thompson explored the ancient city."
},
{
"section_header": "Site description | Architectural groups | Great North Platform | Great Ball Court",
"text": "In one panel, one of the players has been decapitated; the wound emits streams of blood in the form of wriggling snakes."
}
] |
It was one of the smalest Maya cities.
| 0 | 1 |
Chichen Itza
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education | In Pennsylvania Magazine",
"text": "Paine barely survived the transatlantic voyage."
}
] |
RMWxrHm3JX5QSiHOy08R
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Thomas Edison",
"text": "The inventor Thomas Edison said: I have always regarded Paine as one of the greatest of all Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | South America",
"text": "It subsequently circulated widely in South America and through it Uruguayan"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | South America",
"text": "In turn, many of Artigas's writings drew directly from Paine's, including the Instructions of 1813, which Uruguayans consider to be one of their country's most important constitutional documents, was one of the earliest writings to articulate a principled basis for an identity independent of Buenos Aires."
},
{
"section_header": "American Revolution | Funding the Revolution",
"text": "There remains some question as to the relationship of Henry Laurens and Thomas Paine to Robert Morris as the Superintendent of Finance and his business associate Thomas Willing who became the first president of the Bank of North America in January 1782."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Although the original building is no longer there, the present building has a plaque noting that Paine died at this location."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Despite claims that Thomas changed the spelling of his family name upon his emigration to America in 1774, he was using \"Paine\" in 1769, while still in Lewes, Sussex."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thomas Paine (born Thomas Pain) (February 9, 1737"
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On the morning of June 8, 1809, Paine died, aged 72, at 59 Grove Street in Greenwich Village, New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "One by one most of his old friends and acquaintances had deserted him."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Mary became pregnant; and, after they moved to Margate, she went into early labour, in which she and their child died."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education | In Pennsylvania Magazine",
"text": "Paine barely survived the transatlantic voyage."
}
] |
Thomas Paine almost died on his journey to America.
| 2 | 4 |
Thomas Paine
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a career spanning 570 games, Feller pitched 3,827 innings and posted a win–loss record of 266–162, with 279 complete games, 44 shutouts, and a 3.25 earned run average (ERA)."
}
] |
RMb3S3QgNN3t5glP7bUu
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert William Andrew Feller (November 3, 1918 – December 15, 2010), nicknamed \"The Heater from Van Meter\" , \"Bullet Bob\", and \"Rapid Robert\", was an American baseball pitcher who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "From the age of 15, he began to pitch for the Oakviews after a starting pitcher was injured; while doing so, Feller continued to play American Legion baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Dispute with Commissioner Chandler",
"text": "Throughout his career, Feller played exhibition games during the off-season, playing in towns unaccustomed to seeing major league ballplayers."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Each year, American Legion Baseball presents the \"Bob Feller Pitching Award\" to the pitcher \"with the most strikeouts in regional and national competition.\" Feller was elected the inaugural president of the Major League Baseball Players' Association in 1956."
},
{
"section_header": "Dispute with Commissioner Chandler",
"text": "Feller also believed it was \"grossly unfair\" that major leaguers who were U.S. citizens could not play in winter leagues but Latin Americans were permitted."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "During this time, he continued to play on the Farmers Union team in the American Amateur Baseball Congress, and had 19 wins and four losses for Farmers Union one season."
},
{
"section_header": "Dispute with Commissioner Chandler",
"text": "In 1947, Feller announced that he would pitch in the Cuban winter league during the off-season, but Commissioner Chandler ruled no major leaguer could play in Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Dispute with Commissioner Chandler",
"text": "Players had to notify the Commissioner of Baseball, A.B. \"Happy\" Chandler, before participating in exhibition games and were not allowed to begin games before the conclusion of the major-league season."
},
{
"section_header": "Records",
"text": "\" Feller was ranked 36th on Sporting News's list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players and also the publication's \"greatest pitcher of his time\" as well as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a career spanning 570 games, Feller pitched 3,827 innings and posted a win–loss record of 266–162, with 279 complete games, 44 shutouts, and a 3.25 earned run average (ERA)."
}
] |
Bob Feller was an American baseball pitcher who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball played a total of 570 games.
| 0 | 0 |
Bob Feller
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His paternal grandparents are Irish, and Sheeran has stated that his father is from a \"very large\" Catholic family."
}
] |
RNTDkkmx8Z16wvtPvvrB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2004–2010: Career beginnings",
"text": ", Ed Sheeran: Live at the Bedford and Songs"
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2016–2018: Hiatus and ÷",
"text": "The same day he also became the first artist to debut at number one and number two on the German Single Charts."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Acting",
"text": "The company released a limited edition ketchup product known as Ed Sheeran X Heinz ketchup, also known as “Heinz Edchup”."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2014–2015: ×",
"text": "The concert was documented and aired on 16 August 2015 on NBC; the one-hour special Ed Sheeran – Live at Wembley Stadium also included behind-the-scenes footage."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Acting",
"text": "A representative from Heinz started that “1/3 of @HEINZ Instagram posts include people mentioning or tagging Ed, dating all the way back to 2014.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Plagiarism accusations and lawsuits",
"text": "In 2018, legal action was brought against Sheeran, Sony/ATV Music Publishing and Atlantic Records by the estate and heirs of the late producer Ed Townsend, who co-wrote the song \" Let's Get It On\" with Marvin Gaye."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2004–2010: Career beginnings",
"text": "In February 2010, Sheeran posted a video through SB.TV, and rapper Example invited Sheeran to tour with him."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 2019–present: No.6 Collaborations Project",
"text": "On 10 May 2019, Sheeran released the single"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Sheeran is a supporter of his local football club"
},
{
"section_header": "Influences",
"text": "Sheeran collaborated with his idol Eric Clapton in April 2016, with Sheeran stating to People magazine, \"I sang on Eric Clapton's album"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His paternal grandparents are Irish, and Sheeran has stated that his father is from a \"very large\" Catholic family."
}
] |
Ed Sheeran is German descent from his father's side.
| 0 | 2 |
Ed Sheeran
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dandridge became known for his short, bowed legs, which later led to nicknames including \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\"."
}
] |
RNfNZk1ZChRykUD5mpgc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After sustaining a leg injury in football, Dandridge's father made him quit that sport."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dandridge became known for his short, bowed legs, which later led to nicknames including \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Raymond Emmitt Dandridge (August 31, 1913 – February 12, 1994), nicknamed \"Hooks\" and \"Squat\", was an American third baseman in baseball's Negro leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dandridge was born in Richmond, Virginia, to Archie and Alberta Thompson Dandridge."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Dandridge was also a tutor to the young Willie Mays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, Dandridge was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame and, late in his life, Dandridge was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dandridge excelled as a third baseman and he hit for a high batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Dandridge lived for a while in Buffalo, New York, before he and his family returned to Richmond."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "By the time that Major League Baseball was racially integrated, Dandridge was considered too old to play."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Monte Irvin, who played both in the Negro leagues and the major leagues and saw every great fielding third baseman of two generations, said that Dandridge was the greatest of them all, adding that Dandridge almost never committed more than two errors in a season."
}
] |
Dandridge earned his moniker from his father because he always wore suspenders and squatted in the outfield
| 1 | 1 |
Ray Dandridge
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Student days",
"text": "Bernhard Mahler supported his son's ambitions for a music career, and agreed that the boy should try for a place at the Vienna Conservatory."
}
] |
RNrenQ5jLtqzHUhV0ViH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gustav Mahler (German: [ˈmaːlɐ]; 7 July 1860 – 18 May 1911) was an Austro-Bohemian Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Bohemia (then part of the Austrian Empire) to Jewish parents of humble origins, the German-speaking Mahler displayed his musical gifts at an early age."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Antecedents and influences",
"text": "Mahler was a \"late Romantic,\" part of an ideal that placed Austro-German classical music on a higher plane than other types, through its supposed possession of particular spiritual and philosophical significance."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "\" Mitchell concludes with the statement: \"Even were his own music not to survive, Mahler would still enjoy a substantial immortality in the music of these pre-eminent successors who have embraced his art and assimilated his techniques.\" In Hamburg, the Gustav Mahler Museum is dedicated to Gustav Mahler's life and work."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "It is situated in the animal park next to the Gustav Mahler Stube."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "There, Mahler and his wife Alma resided from 1907 to 1910.In Jihlava, in the restored house where Mahler grew up, there is a Gustav Mahler museum dedicated to his youth and the town during his life there."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Last years, 1908–11 | Illness and death",
"text": "In 1940 she published a memoir of her years with Mahler, entitled Gustav Mahler: Memories and Letters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The International Gustav Mahler Institute was established in 1955 to honour the composer's life and achievements."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early conducting career 1880–88 | Prague and Leipzig",
"text": "Mahler's involvement with the Weber family was complicated by Mahler's alleged romantic attachment to Carl von Weber's wife Marion Mathilde (1857–1931) which, though intense on both sides (so it was rumoured for example by English composer Ethel Smyth), ultimately came to nothing."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Last years, 1908–11 | Illness and death",
"text": "The International Gustav Mahler Society was founded in 1955 in Vienna, with Bruno Walter as its first president and Alma Mahler as an honorary member."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Student days",
"text": "Bernhard Mahler supported his son's ambitions for a music career, and agreed that the boy should try for a place at the Vienna Conservatory."
}
] |
Austro-Bohemian Romantic composer Gustav Mahler was discouraged by his parents from pursuing music.
| 0 | 0 |
Gustav Mahler
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Hampi or Hampe is from Old Kannada word Pampaa which means big or great."
}
] |
ROP9fEYTANbetI6hcAE4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Archaeological site",
"text": "This translation, for the first time, uses Arabic terms such as \"zenana\" to describe some of the Hampi monuments."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Elephant stables and enclosure",
"text": "The enclosure is close to the elephant stables; it was thus named in a Persian memoir whose 19th-century translation was an early introduction to Hampi ruins for many."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Archaeological site",
"text": "A translation of the memoirs written by Abdul Razzaq, a Persian envoy in the court of Devaraya II (1424–1446), published in the early 1880s described some monuments of the abandoned site."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Ancient to 14th century CE",
"text": "Hampi became the second royal residence; one of the Hoysala kings was known as Hampeya-Odeya or \"lord of Hampi\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Achyutaraya temple and market complex",
"text": "It is one of the four largest complexes in Hampi."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Hindu monuments | Mahanavami platform, public square complex",
"text": "This was burnt down during the destruction of Hampi."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hampi or Hampe, also referred to as the Group of Monuments at Hampi, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site located in east-central Karnataka, India."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Muslim monuments",
"text": "These are neither in the sacred centre nor in the royal centre of the Hampi site."
},
{
"section_header": "Texts and history | Archaeological site",
"text": "Mackenzie wrote that the Hampi site was abandoned and only wildlife live there."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "Hampi is located in hilly terrain formed by granite boulders"
},
{
"section_header": "Origin",
"text": "Hampi or Hampe is from Old Kannada word Pampaa which means big or great."
}
] |
Hampi translates to mountain.
| 0 | 0 |
Hampi
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars an ensemble cast, which includes Eileen Atkins, Bob Balaban, Alan Bates, Charles Dance, Stephen Fry, Michael Gambon, Richard E. Grant, Derek Jacobi, Kelly Macdonald, Helen Mirren, Jeremy Northam, Clive Owen, Ryan Phillippe, Maggie Smith, Kristin Scott Thomas, and Emily Watson."
}
] |
ROSgbXVnUXyyFlBiV08C
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Home media | Soundtrack",
"text": "Jeremy Northam, who plays Novello, sings all the songs and his brother, Christopher, accompanies him on the piano."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gosford Park premiered on 7 November 2001 at the London Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development and writing",
"text": "Fellowes began looking through some books and came up with Gosford Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Gosford Park premiered on 7 November 2001 at the London Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "Emanuel Levy, an independent critic, gave Gosford Park an A minus rating."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Alan Rickman, Joely Richardson and Judi Dench were also considered for roles in the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Accolades",
"text": "Gosford Park was nominated for 61 different awards following its release, winning 25 of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Lady Trentham and Lady Sylvia discuss Mrs Croft and Mrs Wilson's long-standing feud, leading Mary to realize Mrs Wilson is Robert’s mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical reception",
"text": "Michael Phillips placed Gosford Park at number nine on his list of Best Films of the Decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Development on Gosford Park began in 1999, when Bob Balaban asked Altman if they could develop a film together."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film stars an ensemble cast, which includes Eileen Atkins, Bob Balaban, Alan Bates, Charles Dance, Stephen Fry, Michael Gambon, Richard E. Grant, Derek Jacobi, Kelly Macdonald, Helen Mirren, Jeremy Northam, Clive Owen, Ryan Phillippe, Maggie Smith, Kristin Scott Thomas, and Emily Watson."
}
] |
Kevin Hart plays a lead role in Gosford Park.
| 0 | 5 |
Gosford Park
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is inspired by the life story of Spartacus, the leader of a slave revolt in antiquity, and the events of the Third Servile War."
}
] |
ROfC3N32e4CzB6M4igvS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Kubrick complained that the character of Spartacus had no faults or quirks."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Kubrick wanted to shoot at a slow pace of two camera set-ups a day, but the studio insisted that he do 32; a compromise of eight had to be made."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "On one occasion he threatened to quit to Ed Muhl, to which Kubrick told him: \"You can do your job by sitting in your chair and shutting up."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Political commentary, Christianity, and reception",
"text": "Howard Fast, who wrote the book on which the film was based, \"was jailed for his refusal to testify, and wrote the novel Spartacus while in prison\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay development",
"text": "Otto Preminger made public that Trumbo wrote the screenplay for his film Exodus, and Kirk Douglas publicly announced that Trumbo was the screenwriter of Spartacus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Spartacus is a 1960 American epic historical drama film directed by Stanley Kubrick, written by Dalton Trumbo, and based on the 1951 novel of the same title by Howard Fast."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Political commentary, Christianity, and reception",
"text": "The hearings, where witnesses were demanded to \"name names\" of supposed communist sympathizers, resemble the climactic scene when the slaves, asked by Crassus to give up their leader by pointing him out from the multitude, each stand up to proclaim, \"I'm Spartacus\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Spartacus was filmed using the 35 mm Super 70 Technirama format and then blown up to 70 mm film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "\" Metacritic reports a score of 87/100 based on 17 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "One of these, a proud and gifted Thracian named Spartacus (Kirk Douglas), is so uncooperative in his position in a mining pit that he is sentenced to death by starvation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is inspired by the life story of Spartacus, the leader of a slave revolt in antiquity, and the events of the Third Servile War."
}
] |
Spartacus is based on a made up character.
| 4 | 6 |
Spartacus (film)
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poems deal with themes relating to decadence and eroticism."
}
] |
ROgljdrCbJ9ATPyRrvCO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The opening verse contains the lyric \"When angels cry blood on Flowers of Evil in bloom.\" French songwriter and musician Neige used poems from Les Fleurs du mal as lyrics for several songs that he wrote with different bands."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "no Hana, as well as its title track, after Les Fleurs du mal."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The intention is to convert the entirety of Les Fleurs du Mal to cantastoria in seven years."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The 2009 manga The 2009 manga Aku no Hana is named after Les Fleurs du mal."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Les Fleurs du mal (French pronunciation: [le flœʁ dy mal]; English: The Flowers of Evil) is a volume of French poetry by Charles Baudelaire."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Symphonic metal band Therion released an album named Les Fleurs du Mal in 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Henri Dutilleux's Tout un monde lointain... for cello and orchestra (1970) is strongly influenced by Les Fleurs du Mal."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Sopor Aeternus & the Ensemble of Shadows released an album named Les Fleurs du Mal and also an 8 and half minute song too."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The movie Immortal (2004, Dominique Brunner); In the scene on the Eiffel Tower, Jill (Linda Hardy) is reading from the book Les Fleurs Du Mal."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "An episode of the television show The Batman was named \"Fleurs du Mal\" in homage to the poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The poems deal with themes relating to decadence and eroticism."
}
] |
Les Fleurs du Mal focuses on several topics.
| 1 | 3 |
Les Fleurs du Mal
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The House of Mirth is a 1905 novel by American author Edith Wharton."
}
] |
ROlV3ytZCSuhjSBECfSF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carol Singley, in her introduction to Edith Wharton's The House of Mirth: A Case Book states \"[The House of Mirth] is a unique blend of romance, realism, and naturalism, [and thus] transcends the narrow classification of a novel of manners."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The House of Mirth is a 1905 novel by American author Edith Wharton."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel The House of Mirth (1905) has been adapted to radio, the stage and the cinema."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Composer Garth Baxter has written the opera Lily based upon The House of Mirth, with a libretto by Lisa VanAuken."
},
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "The final title Wharton chose for the novel was The House of Mirth (1905), taken from the Old Testament: The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Play of the novel The House of Mirth (1906), by Edith Wharton and Clyde Fitch."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The House of Mirth was Wharton's second published novel, preceded by two novellas, The Touchstone (1900) and Sanctuary (1903), and The Valley of Decision (1902)."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The House of Mirth (1956), directed by John Drew Barrymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Background, theme, and purpose",
"text": "Wharton revealed in her introduction to the 1936 reprint of The House of Mirth her choice of subject and her major theme: When I wrote House of Mirth I held, without knowing it, two trumps in my hand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": ", The House of Mirth was serialized in Scribner's Magazine beginning in January 1905."
}
] |
The novel, The House of Mirth was written by a United States national.
| 2 | 5 |
The House of Mirth
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Process",
"text": "Energy released in most nuclear reactions is much larger than in chemical reactions, because the binding energy that holds a nucleus together is greater than the energy that holds electrons to a nucleus."
}
] |
ROmAhSwHXOrtAzH45FlW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Nuclear fusion in stars",
"text": "In the 20th century, it was recognized that the energy released from nuclear fusion reactions accounts for the longevity of stellar heat and light."
},
{
"section_header": "Important reactions | Criteria and candidates for terrestrial reactions",
"text": "To evaluate the usefulness of these reactions, in addition to the reactants, the products, and the energy released, one needs to know something about the nuclear cross section."
},
{
"section_header": "Important reactions | Neutronicity, confinement requirement, and power density",
"text": "The last column is the neutronicity of the reaction, the fraction of the fusion energy released as neutrons."
},
{
"section_header": "Nuclear fusion in stars",
"text": "The net result is the fusion of four protons into one alpha particle, with the release of two positrons and two neutrinos (which changes two of the protons into neutrons), and energy."
},
{
"section_header": "Process",
"text": "Energy released in most nuclear reactions is much larger than in chemical reactions, because the binding energy that holds a nucleus together is greater than the energy that holds electrons to a nucleus."
},
{
"section_header": "Artificial fusion | Thermonuclear fusion",
"text": "Thermonuclear weapons produce what amounts to an uncontrolled release of fusion energy."
},
{
"section_header": "Process",
"text": "For larger nuclei, however, no energy is released, since the nuclear force is short-range and cannot continue to act across longer nuclear length scales."
},
{
"section_header": "Important reactions | Criteria and candidates for terrestrial reactions",
"text": "Reactions that release no neutrons are referred to as aneutronic."
},
{
"section_header": "Nuclear fusion in stars",
"text": "Francis Aston had also recently shown that the mass of a helium atom was about 0.8% less than the mass of the four hydrogen atoms which would, combined, form a helium atom, suggesting that if such a combination could happen, it would release considerable energy as a byproduct."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fusion of nuclei lighter than these releases energy (an exothermic process), while fusion of heavier nuclei results in energy retained by the product nucleons, and the resulting reaction is endothermic."
}
] |
Nuclear fusion is a reaction that releases energy
| 0 | 0 |
Nuclear fusion
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Plans to build a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802, but British political and media pressure over the compromising of national security had disrupted attempts to build a tunnel."
}
] |
RPc07BDDED0RJHZYYwoI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Tunnelling",
"text": "The tunnel also had the challenge of time: being privately funded, early financial return was paramount."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Tunnelling",
"text": "Six machines were used; all commenced digging from Shakespeare Cliff, three marine-bound and three for the land tunnels."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Plans to build a cross-Channel fixed link appeared as early as 1802, but British political and media pressure over the compromising of national security had disrupted attempts to build a tunnel."
},
{
"section_header": "Operation | No-deal Brexit plan",
"text": "Trains will be permitted to use the Channel Tunnel for three months if the UK leaves the EU without a deal, under a proposed European Commission law."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Arrangement",
"text": "The British Channel Tunnel Group consisted of two banks and five construction companies, while their French counterparts, France–Manche, consisted of three banks and five construction companies."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Earlier proposals",
"text": "These early works were encountered more than a century later during the TML project."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An early unsuccessful attempt at building a tunnel was made in the late 19th century, on the English side, \"in the hope of forcing the hand of the English Government\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Engineering | Railway design | Track system",
"text": "The two crossovers are the largest artificial undersea caverns ever built; 150 m long, 10 m high and 18 m wide."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Safety",
"text": "The three tunnels contain 6,000 tonnes (6,600 tons) of air that needs to be conditioned for comfort and safety."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Fires",
"text": "There have been three fires in the tunnel, all on the heavy goods vehicle (HGV) shuttles, that were significant enough to close the tunnel, as well as other more minor incidents."
}
] |
The Channel Tunnel was built in the early 1900s and has three crossways.
| 1 | 1 |
Channel Tunnel
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Cárdenas, Matanzas, he died at age 41 in Havana."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "José de la Caridad Méndez (March 19, 1887 – October 31, 1928) was a Cuban right-handed pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro Leagues."
}
] |
RPlZj6lVFv5CDK6qWiTu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "The Cincinnati Reds were visiting Havana playing the Cuban League teams, and Méndez completely dominated, pitching 25 consecutive scoreless innings in 3 appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "He pitched a 10-inning no-hitter on July 24, 1909."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "He played with several other teams, including the Chicago American Giants and the Detroit Stars, before finally signing on in 1920 as playing manager with Wilkinson's Kansas City Monarchs in the new Negro National League."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "His next appearance came in relief, where he held the Reds scoreless for 7 innings on just 2 hits."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Cárdenas, Matanzas, he died at age 41 in Havana."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "In his first start, he allowed just one single, by Miller Huggins in the 9th inning, while striking out nine."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "Several days later Almendares played a minor league all-star team from Key West, and Méndez pitched two more shutouts, the second a no-hitter, giving him 43 consecutive scoreless innings against major and minor league competition."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "Negro league baseball statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference (Negro leagues) The following statistics are from a compilation by Scott Simkus of the 1909 Cuban Stars games against all competition."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "According to a compilation of box scores by Gary Ashwill, during 1908–13 against major league competition Méndez compiled a record of 9–11 in 24 games, pitching 18 complete games and 204 innings, with a total run average of 3.26."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the U.S. National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "José de la Caridad Méndez (March 19, 1887 – October 31, 1928) was a Cuban right-handed pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro Leagues."
}
] |
Mendez was born in Mexico and played baseball until he passed early in life before he was 50.
| 0 | 0 |
José Méndez
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "McGraw's father (whose name was also John) and his older brother Michael emigrated from Ireland in 1856."
}
] |
RPq3T9rGQDUHUoLNLBbc
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The younger John McGraw was named \"John\" after his father, and \"Joseph\" after his grandfather back in Ireland."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "They had the younger John McGraw on April 7, 1873."
},
{
"section_header": "Posthumous honors",
"text": "The John McGraw Monument stands in his hometown of Truxton."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "It was there that the elder John McGraw married young Ellen Comerfort."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | 1899–1932",
"text": "When McGraw learned that Giants owner Harry Hempstead and other heirs of Hempstead's predecessor, John T. Brush, wanted out of baseball before the 1919 season, McGraw set about finding a buyer."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Style of play",
"text": "When, as a young player, McGraw tried to block Cleveland's Buck Ewing from third base, Ewing \"went into him with such force that he knocked McGraw off his feet\", John B. Foster of The Cleveland Leader wrote."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "John McGraw, Sr.'s first wife died, and he began moving around looking for work — a search that ultimately led him to Truxton, New York, in 1871."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "McGraw's father (whose name was also John) and his older brother Michael emigrated from Ireland in 1856."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Joseph McGraw (April 7, 1873 – February 25, 1934), nicknamed \"Little Napoleon\" and \"Mugsy\", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) player and manager of the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "From that day onward, young John was raised by a kindly neighbor, Mary Goddard, under whose care he did quite well."
}
] |
The daddy of John McGraw was Irish.
| 2 | 4 |
John McGraw
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Later on, Stanley repeats gossip to Stella that he has gathered on Blanche, telling her that Blanche was fired from her teaching job for involvement with an under-aged student and that she lived at a hotel known for prostitution."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After the loss of her family home to creditors, Blanche DuBois travels from the small town of Laurel, Mississippi, to the New Orleans French Quarter to live with her younger married sister, Stella, and brother-in-law, Stanley Kowalski."
}
] |
RPxCJhdjow8RbZN2XahW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "\"A Streetcar Named Success\"",
"text": "It is often included in paper editions of A Streetcar Named Desire."
},
{
"section_header": "\"A Streetcar Named Success\"",
"text": "\"A Streetcar Named Success\" is an essay by Tennessee Williams about art and the artist's role in society."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Streetcar Named Desire is a play written by Tennessee Williams that opened on Broadway on December 3, 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Later on, Stanley repeats gossip to Stella that he has gathered on Blanche, telling her that Blanche was fired from her teaching job for involvement with an under-aged student and that she lived at a hotel known for prostitution."
},
{
"section_header": "\"A Streetcar Named Success\"",
"text": "A version of this essay first appeared in The New York Times on November 30, 1947, four days before the opening of A Streetcar Named Desire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Streetcar Named Desire, Williams’ most popular work, is considered to be one of the best and most critically successful plays of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "In 2015, Gillian Anderson directed and starred in a short film prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire, titled The Departure."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "In a 1992 episode of The Simpsons, \"A Streetcar Named Marge\", a musical version of the play, Oh, Streetcar!, was featured."
},
{
"section_header": "Stage productions | Revivals",
"text": "The Sydney Theatre Company production of A Streetcar Named Desire premiered on September 5 and ran until October 17, 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Auction record",
"text": "On October 1, 2009, Swann Galleries auctioned an unusually fine copy of A Streetcar Named Desire, New York, 1947, signed by Williams and dated 1976 for $9,000, a record price for a signed copy of the play."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After the loss of her family home to creditors, Blanche DuBois travels from the small town of Laurel, Mississippi, to the New Orleans French Quarter to live with her younger married sister, Stella, and brother-in-law, Stanley Kowalski."
}
] |
In Tennessee Wiliams's play A Streetcar Named Desire, the younger sister has been fired from her teaching job.
| 0 | 0 |
A Streetcar Named Desire
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Anti-competitive practices",
"text": "The Federal Trade Commission intervened and forced Adobe to sell FreeHand back to Altsys, and also banned Adobe from buying back FreeHand or any similar program for the next 10 years (1994-2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Anti-competitive practices",
"text": "When Adobe acquired Macromedia in December 2005, it stalled development of Freehand in 2007, effectively rendering it obsolete."
}
] |
RQbo1yIhtpJ3blN4pWhi
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Stable and full-featured, Photoshop 1.0 was ably marketed by Adobe and soon dominated the market."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Anti-competitive practices",
"text": "The suit alleged that Adobe has violated federal and state antitrust laws by abusing its dominant position in the professional vector graphic illustration software market and that Adobe has engaged in a series of exclusionary and anti-competitive acts and strategies designed to kill FreeHand, the dominant competitor to Adobe's Illustrator software product, instead of competing on the basis of product merit according to the principals of free market capitalism."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Customer data breach",
"text": "The company did not make it clear if all the personal information was encrypted, such as email addresses and physical addresses, though data privacy laws in 44 states require this information to be encrypted."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Security",
"text": "A report by security researchers from Kaspersky Lab criticized Adobe for producing the products having top 10 security vulnerabilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Customer data breach",
"text": "Another security firm, Sophos, showed that Adobe used a weak encryption method permitting the recovery of a lot of information with very little effort."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Anti-competitive practices",
"text": "The Federal Trade Commission intervened and forced Adobe to sell FreeHand back to Altsys, and also banned Adobe from buying back FreeHand or any similar program for the next 10 years (1994-2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Products",
"text": "A microstock agency that presently provides over 57 million high-resolution, royalty-free images and videos available to license (via subscription or credit purchase methods)."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "A class-action lawsuit alleging that the company suppressed employee compensation was filed against Adobe, and three other Silicon Valley-based companies in a California federal district court in 2013."
},
{
"section_header": "Products",
"text": "eLearning software Adobe Captivate Prime (LMS platform), Adobe Captivate, Adobe Presenter Video Express and Adobe Connect (also a webconferencing platform) Digital Marketing Management Software Adobe Marketing Cloud, Adobe Experience Manager (AEM 6.2) , XML Documentation add-on (for AEM), Mixamo"
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In the mid-1980s, Adobe entered the consumer software market with Illustrator, a vector-based drawing program for the Apple Macintosh."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticisms | Anti-competitive practices",
"text": "When Adobe acquired Macromedia in December 2005, it stalled development of Freehand in 2007, effectively rendering it obsolete."
}
] |
Adobe has dominated the market by cut-throat, anti-consumer, and federally illegal methods, which have not been addressed again since a decision that only delayed them by a decade.
| 0 | 0 |
Adobe Inc.
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The principle states that the necessity for [self-defense] must be \"instant, overwhelming, and leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation\", as formulated by Daniel Webster in his response to British claims that they attacked the Caroline in self-defense."
}
] |
RQhnwBJa7pWdgD6jt1I8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the aftermath, the incident led to the legal principle of the \"Caroline test\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Shortly after the incident, a Canadian sheriff named Alexander McLeod claimed that he had helped attack the Caroline during the Caroline affair."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Anticipatory self-defense",
"text": "This formulation is part of the Caroline test."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to scholars, the \"Caroline test\" remains an accepted part of international law today."
},
{
"section_header": "Events",
"text": "commanding a party of militia, acting on information and guidance from Alexander McLeod that the vessel belonged to Mackenzie, crossed the international boundary and seized the Caroline, chased off the crew, towed her into the current, set her afire, and cast her adrift over Niagara Falls, after killing one black American named Amos Durfee in the process."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Anticipatory self-defense",
"text": "The Caroline affair is also now invoked frequently in the course of the dispute around preemptive strike (or preemption doctrine)."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "McLeod was arrested in the United States in 1840 for his role in Durfee's death during the attack."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "This caused yet another international incident, as the British demanded his release, stating that he should not be held criminally responsible for following orders."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The trial attempted to identify who exactly had shot Durfee, but this proved futile."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "McLeod was acquitted of all charges as witness statements made it clear that he had no involvement in the incident."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The principle states that the necessity for [self-defense] must be \"instant, overwhelming, and leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation\", as formulated by Daniel Webster in his response to British claims that they attacked the Caroline in self-defense."
}
] |
The Caroline test was written from the aftermath of the by a man who has the same last name as the dictionary.
| 0 | 0 |
Caroline affair
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is fluent in French and maintains a home outside Paris."
}
] |
RQlb6H4g9dGPAuKNQb98
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is fluent in French and maintains a home outside Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Two of his classmates there were Christopher Reeve and Robin Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He has received three additional Oscar nominations: Best Actor for Children of a Lesser God (1986) and Broadcast News (1987; he was thus nominated for Best Actor for three consecutive years) and Best Supporting Actor for A History Of Violence (2005)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "For his role in the series, Hurt earned a 2009 Primetime Emmy Award nomination in the \"Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series\" category."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1985 Hurt garnered critical acclaim and multiple acting awards, including an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Actor, for Kiss of the Spider Woman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hurt remained an active stage actor throughout the 1980s, appearing in Off-Broadway productions including Henry V, Fifth of July, Richard II and A Midsummer Night's Dream."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He received the Best Male Performance Prize at the Cannes Film Festival and the Academy Award for Best Actor for Kiss of the Spider Woman in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Hurt also starred in Tuck Everlasting as Angus Tuck."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Hurt is a private pilot and owner of a Beechcraft Bonanza."
}
] |
American actor William Hurt speaks German and has a home outside of Zurich.
| 0 | 0 |
William Hurt
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born Anakin Skywalker, the character is a primary antagonist in the original trilogy and a primary protagonist in the prequel trilogy."
}
] |
RRZDlyODCQS5hCxyJ9Bv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Appearances | Video games",
"text": "Vader plays a central role in Star Wars: The Force Unleashed (2008), where he is the playable character for the first level of the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born Anakin Skywalker, the character is a primary antagonist in the original trilogy and a primary protagonist in the prequel trilogy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Jake Lloyd and Hayden Christensen played the character in the prequel trilogy in the first and next two films, respectively, with Christensen also portraying the character's ghost in re-releases of Return of the Jedi from 2004 onwards."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural impact",
"text": "The Warner Bros. animated show based on the Looney Tunes, Loonatics Unleashed has a Sylvester the Cat type character named Sylth Vester, a parody and play on the character and name of Darth Vader respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation and development | Concept and writing",
"text": "In the first draft of The Star Wars, tall, grim general \"Darth Vader\" was already close in line with his final depiction, and the protagonist Annikin Starkiller had a role similar to that of his son Luke 's as the 16-year-old son of a respected warrior."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation and development | Concept and writing",
"text": "This change in character would provide a springboard to the \"tragedy of Darth Vader\" storyline that underlies the prequel trilogy."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances | Skywalker saga | Original trilogy",
"text": "Darth Vader first appears in Star Wars as a ruthless cyborg serving the Galactic Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Darth Vader is a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation and development | Name",
"text": "As no other character with the title \"Darth\" was introduced until the release of The Phantom Menace (1999), some viewers interpreted it as the character's first name, in part because Obi-Wan Kenobi addresses him as \"Darth\" in the original film."
},
{
"section_header": "Appearances | Video games",
"text": "After Vader kills her for her failure to retrieve a Jedi Holocron, the protagonist, Padawan Cal Kestis, must escape from Vader, who attempts to get the Holocron in his possession."
}
] |
The Darth Vader character played the protagonist in the first trilogy.
| 0 | 0 |
Darth Vader
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family | Woody Allen",
"text": "They worked together on eight films between 1971 and 1993, and Keaton has said that Allen remains one of her closest friends."
}
] |
RRxQmGyrNHqMvEL6W76h
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "After acting in Hair for nine months, she auditioned for a part in Woody Allen's production of Play It Again, Sam."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Diane Keaton was born Diane Hall in Los Angeles, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "In The New Yorker Pauline Kael wrote that the film was \"perhaps the most revealing American movie of the era\", saying of Keaton: Diane Keaton may be a star without vanity: she's so completely challenged by the role of Faith that all she cares about is getting the character right."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s",
"text": "Then there is Diane Keaton in Looking for Mr. Goodbar."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family | Woody Allen",
"text": "Keaton has had several romantic associations with noted entertainment industry personalities, starting with her audition for the 1969 Broadway production of Play It Again, Sam, directed by Woody Allen."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting style and legacy",
"text": "Nobody can be grave and goofy all at once like Diane Keaton."
},
{
"section_header": "Acting style and legacy",
"text": "The New York Times described Keaton as \"remarkably skilled\" at portraying Woody Allen's \"darling flustered muse\" in his comedies, as well as \"shy, self-conscious women overcome by the power of their own awakened eroticism\" in dramatic films like Looking for Mr. Goodbar, Reds, Shoot the Moon and Mrs. Soffel."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "\" That same year Keaton made a cameo in Allen's film Radio Days as a nightclub singer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Diane Keaton (born January 5, 1946) is an American actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "After nearly being passed over for being too tall (at 5 ft 8 in (173 cm), she is 2 inches (5 cm) taller than Allen), she won the part."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family | Woody Allen",
"text": "They worked together on eight films between 1971 and 1993, and Keaton has said that Allen remains one of her closest friends."
}
] |
Diane Keaton has been in 8 of Woody Allen's movies.
| 1 | 3 |
Diane Keaton
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Teacher's education",
"text": "Bruckner's father died in 1837, when Bruckner was 13 years old."
}
] |
RS2t56tAJMh5fmf7uBu9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "they had eleven children, Anton Bruckner being the eldest."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Bruckner's grandfather was appointed schoolmaster in Ansfelden in 1776; this position was inherited by Bruckner's father, Anton Bruckner Sr., in 1823."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions",
"text": "Sometimes Bruckner's works are referred to by WAB numbers, from the Werkverzeichnis Anton Bruckner, a catalogue of Bruckner's works edited by Renate Grasberger."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "When his father became ill, Anton returned to Ansfelden to help him in his work."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Teacher's education",
"text": "Despite his musical abilities, Bruckner's mother sent her son to a teaching seminar in Linz in 1841."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Early life",
"text": "Anton Bruckner was born in Ansfelden (then a village, now a suburb of Linz) on 4 September 1824."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Teacher's education",
"text": "Asperges me (WAB 4), which the young teacher's assistant, out of line of his position, signed with \"Anton Bruckner m.p.ria. Comp[onist]\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Compositions | Symphonies | Structure",
"text": "Over the course of his output, one senses an ever-increasing interest in cyclic integration that culminates in his masterpiece, the Symphony No. 8 in C minor, a work whose final page integrates the main themes of all four movements simultaneously.\" In 1990, the American artist Jack Ox gave a paper called The Systematic Translation of Anton Bruckner's Eighth Symphony into a series of Thirteen Paintings at the Bruckner Symposium in Linz Austria; here she structurally analyzed all of the Eighth Symphony's themes."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception in the 20th century",
"text": "His plan for one of the bell towers in Linz to play a theme from Bruckner's Fourth Symphony never came to pass."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | The Vienna period",
"text": "The Anton Bruckner Private University for Music, Drama, and Dance, an institution of higher education in Linz, close to his native Ansfelden, was named after him in 1932 (as the \"Bruckner Conservatory Linz\" until 2004)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | Teacher's education",
"text": "Bruckner's father died in 1837, when Bruckner was 13 years old."
}
] |
Anton Bruckner's mother passed away when Anton was only thirteen.
| 1 | 3 |
Anton Bruckner
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Military career | Early service as officer",
"text": "Upon graduating from the Japanese Military Academy (ranked 10th of 363 cadets) in March 1905, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the infantry of the IJA."
}
] |
RSSMhNstFCiPfNKgPf2r
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Before becoming Japan's head of government, Tojo was among the most outspoken proponents for preventive war against the United States prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II",
"text": "Tojo had been so demonized in the United States during the war that, for the American people, Tojo was the face of Japanese militarism, and it was inconceivable that the United States would make peace with a government headed by Tojo."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon becoming Prime Minister in October 17, 1941, he oversaw the conquest of much of Asia and the Pacific until the defeat of Japanese forces at Midway and Guadalcanal."
},
{
"section_header": "Military career | Early service as officer",
"text": "Tojo wrote with bitterness at the time that American whites would never accept Asians as equals and"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hideki had an education typical of a Japanese youth in the Meiji era."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II",
"text": "noted that \"even the most hard-headed of the Japanese militarists could dimly perceive that Japan would be at the end of her tether in that case\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "A World In Arms A Global History of World War II."
},
{
"section_header": "World War II",
"text": "In the early years of the war, Tojo had popular support as Japanese forces moved from one victory to another."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Hideki Tojo was born in the Kōjimachi district of Tokyo on December 30, 1884, as the third son of Hidenori Tojo, a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "In 2012's Emperor, Hideki Tojo is portrayed by Shōhei Hino."
},
{
"section_header": "Military career | Early service as officer",
"text": "Upon graduating from the Japanese Military Academy (ranked 10th of 363 cadets) in March 1905, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the infantry of the IJA."
}
] |
Hideki Tojo was never actually in the Japanese armed forces before becoming the head of the government.
| 0 | 0 |
Hideki Tojo
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Formation and \"Runaway\" (1980–1983)",
"text": "Jon Bon Jovi began performing music live in 1975, at the age of 13, playing piano and guitar with his first band, Raze."
}
] |
RSpKEpOHyegiKkfEbMLf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Keep the Faith, Cross Road and These Days (1992–1996)",
"text": "To promote Keep The Faith they returned to their roots playing a few dates at the small New Jersey clubs where they had started their career."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo projects",
"text": "Alec John Such took a fall off his motorcycle, injuring his bass-playing hand and forcing him to develop a whole new way to hold and play his instrument."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation and \"Runaway\" (1980–1983)",
"text": "Tapped to play lead guitar for a short tour supporting \"Runaway\" was Bon Jovi's friend and neighbor, Dave Sabo (\"The Snake\"), though he never officially joined the band."
},
{
"section_header": "Solo projects",
"text": "In 1997, Jon Bon Jovi landed lead roles in several movies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It consists of singer Jon Bon Jovi, keyboardist David Bryan, drummer Tico Torres, guitarist Phil X, and bassist Hugh McDonald."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Crush, Bounce and This Left Feels Right (1999–2003)",
"text": "While on tour, Bon Jovi released a collection of live performances from throughout their career in an album titled One Wild Night Live 1985–2001."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Burning Bridges and This House Is Not for Sale (2015–2018)",
"text": "Integrity matters and we're at a place in our career where we don't have anything left to prove.\" The album's lead single, \"This House Is Not for Sale\" featuring a music video, was released August 12, 2016, which also featured the promotion of unofficial members Hugh McDonald and Phil X to full-time band members."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Have a Nice Day and Lost Highway (2005–2008)",
"text": "A duet version of \"Who Says You Can't Go Home\" with country singer Jennifer Nettles of the band Sugarland, peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Bon Jovi"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Burning Bridges and This House Is Not for Sale (2015–2018)",
"text": "I love Jon, and I still see the possibility of a return.\" On July 31, 2015, Bon Jovi released twin lead singles"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Have a Nice Day and Lost Highway (2005–2008)",
"text": "A Nice Day, the band started gearing up for the new 2005–2006 worldwide"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation and \"Runaway\" (1980–1983)",
"text": "Jon Bon Jovi began performing music live in 1975, at the age of 13, playing piano and guitar with his first band, Raze."
}
] |
The lead singer of Bon Jovi started his career playing bass when he was a teenager.
| 0 | 0 |
Bon Jovi
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founding work of Western literature, it is often labeled \"the first modern novel\" and many authors consider it to be the best literary work ever written."
}
] |
RT0ilZBWDUYVzq9vRl9k
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A founding work of Western literature, it is often labeled \"the first modern novel\" and many authors consider it to be the best literary work ever written."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "The translation, as literary critics claim, was not based on Cervantes' text but mostly upon a French work by Filleau de Saint-Martin and upon notes which Thomas Shelton had written."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "Many derivative editions were also written at the time, as was the custom of envious or unscrupulous writers."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Spurious Second Part by Avellaneda",
"text": "In its prologue, the author gratuitously insulted Cervantes, who not surprisingly took offense and responded; the last half of Chapter LIX and most of the following chapters of Cervantes' Segunda Parte lend some insight into the effects upon him; Cervantes manages to work in some subtle digs at Avellaneda's own work, and in his preface to Part II, comes very near to criticizing Avellaneda directly."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many critics came to view the work as a tragedy in which Don Quixote's idealism and nobility are viewed by the post-chivalric world as insane, and are defeated and rendered useless by common reality."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Spurious Second Part by Avellaneda",
"text": "Avellaneda's identity has been the subject of many theories, but there is no consensus as to who he was."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2 | The Third Sally",
"text": "Sancho later gets his comeuppance for this when, as part of one of the Duke and Duchess's pranks, the two are led to believe that the only method to release Dulcinea from her spell is for Sancho to give himself three thousand three hundred lashes."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "There are many translations of the book, and it has been adapted many times in shortened versions."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Spurious Second Part by Avellaneda",
"text": "The second part of Cervantes' Don Quixote, finished as a direct result of the Avellaneda book, has come to be regarded by some literary critics as superior to the first part, because of its greater depth of characterization, its discussions, mostly between Quixote and Sancho, on diverse subjects, and its philosophical insights."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "The novel is considered a satire of orthodoxy, veracity and even nationalism."
}
] |
It is considered by many authors as the second best literary work ever written after "The Three Musketeers".
| 3 | 6 |
Don Quixote
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Final years | Death",
"text": "The cause of death was not disclosed."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years | Death",
"text": "Cuban state television announced that Castro had died on the night of 25 November 2016."
}
] |
RTU7Kebdcf4A8bEok6pH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; American Spanish: [fiˈðel aleˈxandɾo ˈkastɾo ˈrus]; 13 August 1926 – 25 November 2016) was a Cuban revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and President from 1976 to 2008."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Consolidating leadership: 1959–1960",
"text": "On 16 February 1959, Castro was sworn in as Prime Minister of Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "Premiership | Consolidating leadership: 1959–1960",
"text": "Angered, Castro in turn announced his resignation as prime minister, blaming Urrutia for complicating government with his \"fevered anti-Communism\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Pink tide: 2000–2006",
"text": "He was the first Canadian government leader to visit the island since Pierre Trudeau was in Havana in 1976."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After Batista's overthrow in 1959, Castro assumed military and political power as Cuba's Prime Minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Cuban Revolution | Provisional government: 1959",
"text": "As a result, Prime Minister José Miró Cardona resigned, going into exile in the U.S. and joining the anti-Castro movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ideologically a Marxist-Leninist and Cuban nationalist, he also served as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 1961 until 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Pink tide: 2000–2006",
"text": "Meanwhile, in 1998, Canadian Prime Minister Jean Chrétien arrived in Cuba to meet Castro and highlight their close ties."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal and public life | Family, friends, and extramarital affairs",
"text": "From 1980 until his death in 1995, Naranjo headed Castro's team of advisers."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency | Foreign wars and NAM Presidency: 1975–1979",
"text": "Cuba's relations across North America improved under Mexican President Luis Echeverría, Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, and U.S. President Jimmy Carter."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years | Death",
"text": "The cause of death was not disclosed."
},
{
"section_header": "Final years | Death",
"text": "Cuban state television announced that Castro had died on the night of 25 November 2016."
}
] |
Fidel Castro as a Cuban revolutionary and politician who served as Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and President from 1976 to 2008 until his death due to heart complications.
| 0 | 0 |
Fidel Castro
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away."
}
] |
RTm5WR0QpzmEtNwqo3sY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Legacy",
"text": "Many Greenback activists, including 1880 Presidential nominee James B. Weaver, later participated in the Populist Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Establishment",
"text": "The Greenback Party of 1876 drew the support almost exclusively from farmers — few urban workmen cast ballots for the Greenback ticket."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Development",
"text": "In 1880 the Greenback Party broadened its platform to include support for an income tax, an eight-hour day, and allowing women the right to vote."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Decline and dissolution",
"text": "In the election of 1884, the party failed to win any House seats outright, although they did win one seat in conjunction with Plains States Democrats, James B. Weaver, as well as a handful of other seats by endorsing the Democratic nominee."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Background",
"text": "Chief among these supporters of so-called \"Greenbackism\" was the National Labor Union (NLU), established in 1866."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Legacy",
"text": "By the middle of the 1880s, Greenback Labor nationally was losing its labor-based support, in part as a result of craft union voluntarism and in part as a result of Irish defections back to the Democratic Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Establishment",
"text": "The convention nominated New York economics pamphleteer Peter Cooper as its Presidential standard-bearer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Initially an agrarian organization associated with the policies of the Grange, from 1878 the organization took the name Greenback Labor Party and attempted to forge a farmer–labor alliance, adding industrial reforms to its agenda, such as support of the 8-hour day and opposition to the use of state or private force to suppress union strikes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Greenback Party (known successively as the Independent Party, the National Independent Party, and the Greenback Labor Party) was an American political party with an anti-monopoly ideology which was active between 1874 and 1889."
}
] |
The Greenback party supported presidential nominees in the 1868 and 1872 elections.
| 2 | 5 |
Greenback Party
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn."
}
] |
RVAMSvFIKTUeH5zL9809
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "Haydn took Beethoven with him to Eisenstadt for the summer, where Haydn had little to do, and taught Beethoven some counterpoint."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Criticism and analysis",
"text": "On jokes in Haydn and Beethoven."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Criticism and analysis",
"text": "Rosen, Charles (1997). The classical style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the older brother of composer Michael Haydn."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "While traveling to London in 1790, Haydn had met the young Ludwig van Beethoven in his native city of Bonn."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Evolution of Haydn's style",
"text": "Notably, Beethoven adopted the practice of taking his time and aiming high."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Structure and character of his music",
"text": "Haydn also differs from Mozart and Beethoven in his recapitulation sections, where he often rearranges the order of themes compared to the exposition and uses extensive thematic development."
},
{
"section_header": "Works | Structure and character of his music",
"text": "His practice, however, differed in some ways from that of Mozart and Beethoven, his younger contemporaries who likewise excelled in this form of composition."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | The London journeys",
"text": "On Haydn's return, Beethoven came to Vienna and was Haydn's pupil up until the second London journey."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Retirement, illness, and death",
"text": "The very frail composer was brought into the hall on an armchair to the sound of trumpets and drums and was greeted by Beethoven, Salieri (who led the performance) and by other musicians and members of the aristocracy."
}
] |
Haydn was an instructor for Beethoven.
| 1 | 4 |
Joseph Haydn
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It aimed at determining the territories of the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and came to an end with the signing of the Treaty of Berlin, which replaced the preliminary Treaty of San Stefano, which had been signed three months earlier between Russia and the Ottoman Empire."
}
] |
RVAwM8FHWJbBt7qWeeOw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a meeting of the representatives of the era's six great powers in Europe (Russia, Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Italy and Germany), the Ottoman Empire and four Balkan states (Greece, Serbia, Romania and Montenegro)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It aimed at determining the territories of the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and came to an end with the signing of the Treaty of Berlin, which replaced the preliminary Treaty of San Stefano, which had been signed three months earlier between Russia and the Ottoman Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "References and further reading",
"text": "The Idea of National Self-Determination and the Recognition of New States at the Congress of Berlin (1878)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bismarck as host",
"text": "The ambassadors from the small Balkan territories whose fate was being decided were barely even allowed to attend the diplomatic meetings, which were between mainly the representatives of the great powers."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Slavic states of the Balkans had learned that banding together as Slavs benefited them less than playing to the desires of a neighboring great power."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In Imperial Russia, Pan-Slavism meant the creation of a unified Slavic state, under Russian direction, and was essentially a byword for Russian conquest of the Balkan peninsula."
},
{
"section_header": "Great powers in Balkans",
"text": "The Balkans were a major stage for competition between the European great powers in the second half of the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Great powers in Balkans",
"text": "Germany, as the most powerful continental nation since the 1871 Franco-Prussian War had little direct interest in the settlement and so was the only power that could mediate the Balkan question credibly."
},
{
"section_header": "Great powers in Balkans",
"text": "Ottoman brutality in the Serbian–Ottoman War and the violent suppression of the Herzegovina Uprising fomented political pressure within Russia, which saw itself as the protector of the Serbs, to act against the Ottoman Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Great powers in Balkans",
"text": "The Congress of Berlin was thus mainly a dispute among supposed allies of Bismarck and his German Empire, the arbiter of the discussion, would thus have to choose before the end of the congress which of their allies to support."
}
] |
The Congress of Berlin was a meeting of the representatives of the era's six great powers in Europe , the Ottoman Empire and four Balkan states aimed at determining the territories of the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78.
| 0 | 0 |
Congress of Berlin
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At the time of its establishment in January 2002, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld said the detention camp was established to detain extraordinarily dangerous people, to interrogate detainees in an optimal setting, and to prosecute detainees for war crimes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The camp was established by US President George W. Bush's administration in 2002 during the War on Terror."
}
] |
RVsWr5Ww6OR53MH2KvGH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "President Obama's failed attempt to close the camp",
"text": "Guantánamo Bay would be best closed by returning the base to Cuban sovereignty, arguing it is \"where [Guantánamo Bay] belongs historically."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "At the time of its establishment in January 2002, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld said the detention camp was established to detain extraordinarily dangerous people, to interrogate detainees in an optimal setting, and to prosecute detainees for war crimes."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities",
"text": "From 2003 to 2006, the CIA operated a small site, known informally as \"Penny Lane,\" to house prisoners whom the agency attempted to recruit as spies against Al-Qaeda."
},
{
"section_header": "President Obama's failed attempt to close the camp",
"text": "At the end of December 2013, President Obama stated he has not given up the idea of trying terror suspects housed at Guantanamo Bay in United States courts."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal issues | Lease agreement for Guantanamo",
"text": "The base, which is considered legally to be leased by the Cuban government to the American navy, is on territory that is recognized by both governments to be sovereign Cuban territory."
},
{
"section_header": "Facilities",
"text": "The housing at Penny Lane was less sparse by the standards of Guantanamo Bay, with private kitchens, showers, televisions, and beds with mattresses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, also referred to as Guantánamo, GTMO, and Gitmo (), which is on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In April 2011, WikiLeaks began publishing 779 secret files relating to prisoners in the Guantanamo Bay detention camp."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal issues | International law",
"text": "In April 2004, Cuban diplomats tabled a United Nations resolution calling for a UN investigation of Guantánamo Bay."
},
{
"section_header": "President Obama's failed attempt to close the camp",
"text": "The bill prohibits the use of funds to \"modify or construct facilities in the United States to house detainees transferred from\" Guantánamo Bay."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The camp was established by US President George W. Bush's administration in 2002 during the War on Terror."
}
] |
The Guantanamo Bay detention camp was originally established to house Cuban spies in the 1970's.
| 0 | 0 |
Guantanamo Bay detention camp
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Hitachi was founded in 1910 by electrical engineer Namihei Odaira in Ibaraki Prefecture."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company's first product was Japan's first 4-kilowatt (5 hp) induction motor, initially developed for use in copper mining."
}
] |
RVzSiTl6xEZZLHKAn1kz
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In October the same year, Honda was reported to be in talks with Hitachi to merge the two companies' car parts businesses, creating a components supplier with almost $17 billion in annual sales, the second largest among the Japanese car parts companies."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Hitachi was founded in 1910 by electrical engineer Namihei Odaira in Ibaraki Prefecture."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In February 2017, Hitachi and Honda announced a partnership to develop, produce and sell motors for electric vehicles."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "On March 14, 2018, Zoomdata announced its partnership with Hitachi INS Software to help develop big data analytics market in Japan."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsidiaries | Hitachi Vantara | Hitachi Works",
"text": "Yamate Works, the oldest of the three factories, was founded in 1910 by Namihei Odaira as an electrical equipment repair and manufacturing facility."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company's first product was Japan's first 4-kilowatt (5 hp) induction motor, initially developed for use in copper mining."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The company began as an in-house venture of Fusanosuke Kuhara's mining company in Hitachi, Ibaraki."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the parent company of the Hitachi Group (Hitachi Gurūpu) and formed part of the Nissan zaibatsu and later DKB Group of companies before DKB merged into the Mizuho Financial Group."
},
{
"section_header": "Subsidiaries | Hitachi Vantara | Hitachi Rail",
"text": "The purchase was completed later that year, at which point the company was renamed as Hitachi Rail Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Hitachi retained the control of the new company with a 67 percent stake."
}
] |
Hitachi is a company that started in 1910 and created a motor.
| 0 | 0 |
Hitachi
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest by his father King Dasharatha, on request of his step-mother Kaikeyi, his travels across forests in India with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana, the kidnapping of his wife by Ravana, the great king of Lanka, resulting in a war with him and Ram's eventual return to Ayodhya to be crowned king."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the most sacred book, and is read by millions of people every year."
}
] |
RW4ZK4zcagkC9Pu0CR0Z
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters | Ikshvaku Dynasty",
"text": "She follows her husband into exile and is abducted by the Lanka's king Ravana."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the most sacred book, and is read by millions of people every year."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions | Southeast Asian | Myanmar",
"text": "It is also considered the unofficial national epic of Myanmar."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Stage",
"text": "Currently, it is the largest yearly, Western version of the epic being performed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ramayana (; Sanskrit: रामायणम्, Rāmāyaṇam [ɽaːˈmaːjɐɳɐm]) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Mahābhārata."
},
{
"section_header": "Versions | India | Jain version",
"text": "In the Jain epic of Ramayana, it is not Rama who kills Ravana as told in the Hindu version."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Sundara Kanda",
"text": "He locates Sita in Ashoka grove, where she is being wooed and threatened by Ravana and his rakshasis to marry Ravana."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Allies of Rama",
"text": "In the epic Ramayana, Jambavantha helped Rama find his wife Sita and fight her abductor, Ravana."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Aranya Kanda",
"text": "Ravana asks Sita to marry him, but she refuses, being eternally devoted to Rama."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Uttara Kanda",
"text": "Uttara Kanda is the last book of Ramayana."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest by his father King Dasharatha, on request of his step-mother Kaikeyi, his travels across forests in India with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana, the kidnapping of his wife by Ravana, the great king of Lanka, resulting in a war with him and Ram's eventual return to Ayodhya to be crowned king."
}
] |
Ramayana is an epic that follows the exile of Ravana and the book is considered to be sacred.
| 0 | 0 |
Ramayana
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Klein was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, on October 7, 1904."
}
] |
RWcJhVpUvKU7HeCeIO5g
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the son of immigrant farmers Frank and Margaret Klein."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Klein was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, on October 7, 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Later career",
"text": "His fourth home run that game was a leadoff home run in the top of the tenth inning, the Phillies scored 2 more runs to win the game 9-6 after ten innings."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Peak years",
"text": "On May 26, 1933 the Phillies lost a 14 inning game to the St. Louis Cardinals, during this game Klein hit for the cycle for the second time in his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "However, Baseball Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis discovered that the Cardinals owned a team in Dayton, Ohio, that also played in the Central League with Fort Wayne."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Klein joined the Phillies in July."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Klein was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Later career",
"text": "On November 21, 1933 Klein was traded to the Cubs for $65,000 (equivalent to $1,283,792 in 2019) and three other players, Klein did not perform as well in Chicago as he did when he was with the Phillies."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Richard Nixon put Klein on his all time baseball team, the campaigning worked, and Klein was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1980 via the Veterans Committee."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "By 1947, Klein was living with his brother, and his wife in Indianapolis, Indiana."
}
] |
Klein was born in Ohio to immigrant farmers.
| 0 | 3 |
Chuck Klein
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\" \" Yaz\" attended Notre Dame on a basketball scholarship (his career Long Island high school scoring mark at Bridgehampton broke one previously held by Jim Brown) briefly before embarking on his baseball career."
}
] |
RWdT0li7VrpdBBDT9F08
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "However, he did not sign with either team, as he played college baseball for the Vanderbilt Commodores."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Carl also played Little League Baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "Prior to his induction in the Baseball Hall of Fame, in 1986, Carl Yastrzemski was inducted into the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Carl Michael Yastrzemski (; nicknamed \"Yaz\"; born August 22, 1939) is an American former Major League Baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\" \" Yaz\" attended Notre Dame on a basketball scholarship (his career Long Island high school scoring mark at Bridgehampton broke one previously held by Jim Brown) briefly before embarking on his baseball career."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Raised on his father's potato farm, Carl played on sandlot baseball teams with his father, who, he maintains, was a better athlete than he was."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Yastrzemski, who had studied business at Notre Dame, fulfilled a promise to his parents by finishing his degree at Merrimack College in North Andover, Massachusetts, in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Yastrzemski was born in Southampton, New York to Carl Yastrzemski, Sr. and Hattie Skonieczny."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Retirement",
"text": "In 1999, Yastrzemski ranked number 72 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "Carl's son Carl Michael Yastrzemski Jr., known as Mike, was drafted by the Atlanta Braves in the third round in 1984."
}
] |
Noted Baseball man Carl Yastrzemski had his college paid for thanks to his basketball prowess.
| 0 | 0 |
Carl Yastrzemski
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "During the early years of his career, Molitor began using cocaine and marijuana."
}
] |
RXEHUgaGjqluvuBFroWc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molitor grew up in Minnesota and attended the University of Minnesota before beginning his MLB career."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Molitor was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Leo Molitor (born August 22, 1956), nicknamed \"Molly\" and"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "quickly became an offensive juggernaut."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "Agent Ron Simon said, \"I was also talking with Milwaukee, but it became clear to us that Milwaukee didn't have the same kind of interest in signing Molitor, perhaps because of their financial situation.\"Molitor"
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "In 1996, Molitor became the second 40-year-old, after Hall of Famer Sam Rice, to have a 200-hit season, leading the league with 225, while also leading the league in singles with 167."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Near the end of the streak, columnist Mike Downey wrote that \"the amazing thing about Paul Molitor's recent bat-o-rama is not that he has hit in 33 straight games but that he has played in 33 straight games."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "He became only the second person to be elected to the Hall of Fame as a player and win the Manager of the Year Award behind Frank Robinson, who was named AL Manager of the Year in 1989 while managing the Baltimore Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "Although Molitor wanted to remain with Milwaukee when he became a free agent after the 1992 season, the franchise offered him a one-year contract with a $900,000 pay cut (to $2.5 million), while the Toronto Blue Jays offered a three-year, $13 million ($23,000,000 in current dollar terms) deal, leading to his signing with the Blue Jays."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "In 1984, Molitor struggled with elbow problems, played in only 13 games and ultimately underwent surgery in an attempt to salvage his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "During the early years of his career, Molitor began using cocaine and marijuana."
}
] |
Paul Molitor became alcoholic at the beginning of his career.
| 1 | 4 |
Paul Molitor
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cobb ranks fifth all-time in number of games played and committed 271 errors, the most by any American League (AL) outfielder."
}
] |
RXkQRhCF1J62etXvEeqY
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cobb ranks fifth all-time in number of games played and committed 271 errors, the most by any American League (AL) outfielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "This game went 17 innings to a tie, and a few days later, we clinched our first pennant."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "Lucker and Cobb had traded insults with each other through the first couple of innings."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "In the seventh inning, he tied the game with a two-run double."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Cobb as player/manager",
"text": "Cobb and Browns player-manager George Sisler each pitched in the final game, Cobb pitching a perfect inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "notably the 26 hits in a nine-inning game allowed by Allan Travers, who pitched one of the sport's most unlikely complete games."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Move to Philadelphia",
"text": "Cobb ranks 14th on the all-time list for errors committed by an outfielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1915–1921",
"text": "When his Tigers showed up in New York to play the Yankees for the first time that season, writers billed it as a showdown between two stars of competing styles of play."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "This helped to make the other side hurry the play in a close game later on."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | 1911–1914",
"text": "If we were five or six runs ahead, I'd try some wild play, such as going from first to home on a single."
}
] |
Cobb ranks first all-time in number of games played.
| 2 | 5 |
Ty Cobb
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; born c. 1270, died 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence."
}
] |
RY8VLdxkJiS0nW1HrHiG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Capture and execution",
"text": "Wallace was transported to London, lodged in the house of William de Leyrer, then taken to Westminster Hall, where he was tried for treason and for atrocities against civilians in war, \"sparing neither age nor sex, monk nor nun."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir William Wallace (Scottish Gaelic: Uilleam Uallas, pronounced [ˈɯʎam ˈuəl̪ˠəs̪]; Norman French: William le Waleys; born c. 1270, died 23 August 1305) was a Scottish knight who became one of the main leaders during the First War of Scottish Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Beer",
"text": "A brewery in Bridge of Allan, Scotland, makes a Scottish ale named \"William Wallace\", and Scottish Maclays Brewery had a beer called \"Wallace\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Political crisis in Scotland",
"text": "With Scotland threatening to descend into civil war, King Edward I of England was invited in by the Scottish nobility to arbitrate."
},
{
"section_header": "Political crisis in Scotland",
"text": "In retaliation for Scotland's treaty with France, Edward I invaded, storming Berwick-upon-Tweed and commencing the Wars of Scottish Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Political crisis in Scotland",
"text": "By July, Edward had instructed his officers to receive formal homage from some 1,800 Scottish nobles (many of the rest being prisoners of war at that time)."
},
{
"section_header": "Silent years prior to the Wars of Independence",
"text": "Campaigns like Edward I of England's wars in Wales might have provided a good opportunity for a younger son of a landholder to become a mercenary soldier."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Film",
"text": "In the film Outlaw King (2018), Robert the Bruce is prompted to plan a revolt against the English after observing rioting induced by the public display of the quartered body of Wallace."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle of Falkirk",
"text": "There is also a report from an English spy at a meeting of Scottish leaders, where they said Wallace was in France."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In August 1305, Wallace was captured in Robroyston, near Glasgow, and handed over to King Edward I of England, who had him hanged, drawn and quartered for high treason and crimes against English civilians."
}
] |
William Wallace let the British troops in a war against the Scottish.
| 2 | 4 |
William Wallace
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The most distinctive xylem cells are the long tracheary elements that transport water."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "By 1891, the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger had shown that the transport of water in plants did not require the xylem cells to be alive."
}
] |
RYQNztmpZPh8XiS6QU1e
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The word \"xylem\" is derived from the Greek word ξύλον (xylon), meaning \"wood\"; the best-known xylem tissue is wood, though it is found throughout a plant."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "By 1891, the Polish-German botanist Eduard Strasburger had shown that the transport of water in plants did not require the xylem cells to be alive."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The most distinctive xylem cells are the long tracheary elements that transport water."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "This is the only type of xylem found in the earliest vascular plants, and this type of cell continues to be found in the protoxylem (first-formed xylem) of all living groups of vascular plants."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "As water transport mechanisms, and waterproof cuticles, evolved, plants could survive without being continually covered by a film of water."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport",
"text": "Transpirational pull requires that the vessels transporting the water be very small in diameter; otherwise, cavitation would break the water column."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Cohesion-tension theory",
"text": "Because of this tension, water is being pulled up from the roots into the leaves, helped by cohesion (the pull between individual water molecules, due to hydrogen bonds) and adhesion (the stickiness between water molecules and the hydrophilic cell walls of plants)."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "This allowed plants to fill more of their stems with structural fibers, and also opened a new niche to vines, which could transport water without being as thick as the tree they grew on."
},
{
"section_header": "Primary and secondary xylem",
"text": "Metaxylem develops after the protoxylem but before secondary xylem."
}
] |
Xylem is derived from the Greek word, meaning plant, while xylem cells are the elements that transport oxygen, requiring them to be alive.
| 0 | 0 |
Xylem
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2020, he was listed at number 4 on The Irish Times list of Ireland's greatest film actors."
}
] |
RYVgb6OYwG9dFKUJyBzk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Partnership with Jules Buck",
"text": "Even prior to the making of Lawrence O'Toole announced he wanted to form a production company with Jules Buck."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peter Seamus O'Toole (; 2 August 1932 – 14 December 2013) was a British stage and film actor of Irish descent."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\"Upon leaving school, O'Toole obtained employment as a trainee journalist and photographer on the Yorkshire Evening Post, until he was called up for national service as a signaller in the Royal Navy."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Records from the Leeds General Registry Office confirm that a Peter J (James) O'Toole was born there in 1932."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "On 18 May 2014, a new prize was launched in memory of Peter O'Toole at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School; this includes an annual award given to two young actors from the School, including a professional contract at Bristol Old Vic Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Goodbye Mr Chips",
"text": "O'Toole starred in a war film for director Peter Yates, Murphy's War (1971), appearing alongside Sian Phillips."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Partnership with Jules Buck",
"text": "Starring alongside Peter Sellers, it was a huge success."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In a 17 January 2007 interview, O'Toole stated that British actor Eric Porter had most influenced him, adding that the difference between actors of yesterday and today is that actors of his generation were trained for \"theatre, theatre, theatre\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "fans Richard Harris, Kenneth Griffith, Peter Finch and Richard Burton."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Early theatre appearances",
"text": "The show transferred to the West End in April and won O'Toole Best Actor of the Year in 1959."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2020, he was listed at number 4 on The Irish Times list of Ireland's greatest film actors."
}
] |
Peter O'Toole isn't even in the Irish's top 3 actors.
| 1 | 8 |
Peter O'Toole
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Measurement of pressure",
"text": "Xylem transport is driven by a combination of transpirational pull from above and root pressure from below, which makes the interpretation of measurements more complicated."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Measurement of pressure",
"text": "Until recently, the differential pressure (suction) of transpirational pull could only be measured indirectly, by applying external pressure with a pressure bomb to counteract it."
}
] |
RZHImBJojleTnGdPEAz6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Protoxylem and metaxylem",
"text": "As a young vascular plant grows, one or more strands of primary xylem form in its stems and roots."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "Once plants had evolved this level of controlled water transport, they were truly homoiohydric, able to extract water from their environment through root-like organs rather than relying on a film of surface moisture, enabling them to grow to much greater size."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Measurement of pressure",
"text": "Until recently, the differential pressure (suction) of transpirational pull could only be measured indirectly, by applying external pressure with a pressure bomb to counteract it."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Patterns of protoxylem and metaxylem",
"text": "The other three terms are used where there is more than one strand of primary xylem."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Measurement of pressure",
"text": "Xylem transport is driven by a combination of transpirational pull from above and root pressure from below, which makes the interpretation of measurements more complicated."
},
{
"section_header": "Evolution",
"text": "The presence of xylem vessels is considered to be one of the key innovations that led to the success of the angiosperms."
},
{
"section_header": "Main function – upwards water transport | Measurement of pressure",
"text": "When the technology to perform direct measurements with a pressure probe was developed, there was initially some doubt about whether the classic theory was correct, because some workers were unable to demonstrate negative pressures."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Patterns of protoxylem and metaxylem",
"text": "Mesarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the middle of a strand in both directions."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Patterns of protoxylem and metaxylem",
"text": "Exarch is used when there is more than one strand of primary xylem in a stem or root, and the xylem develops from the outside inwards towards the center, i.e. centripetally."
}
] |
Xylem relies on pressure to feed a plant.
| 1 | 3 |
Xylem
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | Skin and skeleton",
"text": "Echinoderms have a mesodermal skeleton composed of calcareous plates or ossicles."
}
] |
RZcJ80SDCir96EjzUob4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "The characteristics of adult echinoderms are the possession of a water vascular system with external tube feet and a calcareous endoskeleton consisting of ossicles connected by a mesh of collagen fibres."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | Other organs",
"text": "Echinoderms are an exception having both a coelomic circulatory system (i.e., the water vascular system) and a haemal circulatory system (i.e., the haemal and perihaemal systems).Haemal and perihaemal systems are derived from the coelom and form an open and reduced circulatory system."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology",
"text": "Many crinoids and some seastars exhibit symmetry in multiples of the basic five, with starfish such as Labidiaster annulatus known to possess up to fifty arms, and the sea-lily Comaster schlegelii having two hundred."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Sexual reproduction",
"text": "Some echinoderms brood their eggs."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "The larvae of echinoderms have bilateral symmetry"
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy and evolution",
"text": "All echinoderms are marine and nearly all are benthic."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | Other organs",
"text": "The coelomic cavities of echinoderms are complex."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The echinoderms are important both ecologically and geologically."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology",
"text": "Echinoderms evolved from animals with bilateral symmetry."
},
{
"section_header": "Regeneration",
"text": "Many echinoderms have remarkable powers of regeneration."
},
{
"section_header": "Anatomy and physiology | Skin and skeleton",
"text": "Echinoderms have a mesodermal skeleton composed of calcareous plates or ossicles."
}
] |
Echinoderm have an endoskeleton.
| 0 | 0 |
Echinoderm
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the most successful of three films Stone made about American presidents, followed by Nixon with Anthony Hopkins in the title role and W. with Josh Brolin as George W. Bush."
}
] |
RZeai3MtnxGnOA1gi9Ga
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "JFK is a 1991 American political thriller film directed by Oliver Stone."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "The site's consensus reads, \"As history, Oliver Stone's JFK is dubious, but as filmmaking it's electric, cramming a ton of information and excitement into its three-hour runtime and making great use of its outstanding cast.\" Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"A\" on an A+ to F scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "The Sydney Morning Herald named JFK as the best film of 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the most successful of three films Stone made about American presidents, followed by Nixon with Anthony Hopkins in the title role and W. with Josh Brolin as George W. Bush."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media and alternate versions",
"text": "On January 16, 2001, the Director's Cut was re-released on DVD as part of the Oliver Stone Collection box set, with the film on one disc and supplemental material on the second."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "\"Time ran its own critique of the film-in-progress on June 10, 1991 and alleged that Stone was trying to suppress a rival JFK assassination film based on Don DeLillo's 1988 novel Libra."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "Richard Corliss, Time's film critic, wrote: Whatever one's suspicions about its use or abuse of the evidence, JFK is a knockout."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "JFK was released in theaters on December 20, 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical reaction",
"text": "\"TIME magazine ranked it the fourth best film of 1991, while also including it in \"Top 10 Historically Misleading Films."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Kennedy's assassination had always had a profound effect on Stone: \"The Kennedy murder was one of the signal events of the postwar generation, my generation.\" Stone met Garrison and grilled him with a variety of questions for three hours."
}
] |
The 1991 film JFK was one of three films by Oliver Stone about U.S. presidents.
| 3 | 5 |
JFK (film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, Brett was the youngest of four sons of a sports-minded family which included Ken, the second oldest, a major league pitcher who pitched in the 1967 World Series at age 19."
}
] |
RabDGWD2wMzN2Oo9oq05
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Howard Brett (born May 15, 1953) is an American former professional baseball player who played 21 years, primarily as a third baseman, in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Kansas City Royals."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1980",
"text": "For the three hot months of June, July, and August 1980, George Brett played in 60 American League games and hit .459 (111–242), most of it after a return from a monthlong injury."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "George grew up hoping to follow in the footsteps of his three older brothers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999 on the first ballot and is the only player in MLB history to win a batting title in three different decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1986–1993",
"text": "This feat made Brett the only major league player to win batting titles in three different decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Although his three older brothers were born in Brooklyn, George was born in the northern panhandle of West Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1975–1979",
"text": "The Royals won the first of three straight American League West Division titles, beginning a great rivalry with the New York Yankees—whom they faced in the American League Championship Series each of those three years."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-baseball activities",
"text": "Series creator Joel Church-Cooper said in a statement, \"When I created a show about a fake Kansas City legend, Jim Brockmire, I thought it only appropriate to have him worship the biggest Kansas City legend of them all -- George Brett."
},
{
"section_header": "The Mendoza Line",
"text": "George Brett is credited with coining the term the Mendoza Line."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Kansas City Royals (1973–1993) | 1975–1979",
"text": "However, Kansas City once again lost to the Yankees in the ALCS, but not before Brett hit three home runs off Catfish Hunter in Game Three, becoming the second player to hit three home runs in an LCS game (Bob Robertson was the first, having done so in Game two of the 1971 NLCS)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Glen Dale, West Virginia, Brett was the youngest of four sons of a sports-minded family which included Ken, the second oldest, a major league pitcher who pitched in the 1967 World Series at age 19."
}
] |
American baseball player George Brett had three siblings.
| 0 | 0 |
George Brett
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000, the Patriots have become one of the most successful teams in NFL history, claiming 16 AFC East titles as part of 18 consecutive winning seasons since 2001."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise history",
"text": "When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970, the Patriots were placed in the American Football Conference (AFC) East division, where they still play today."
}
] |
Ras64HBFI2BsNpVhMfjz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Baltimore Ravens",
"text": "The two teams met again on January 20, 2013, in the AFC Championship, where the Ravens won 28–13."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries",
"text": "In terms of number of games played, the Patriots have competed most against other teams in the AFC East division: the Buffalo Bills, Miami Dolphins, and New York Jets, who were all a part of the AFC East division since the AFL-NFL Merger, as well as the former AFL Eastern division."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | New York Jets",
"text": "The Patriots and Jets have been in the same division (what is now the AFC East) since both teams' foundings in 1960, and have played each other at least twice a year since then."
},
{
"section_header": "Players of note | New England Patriots Hall of Fame members",
"text": "The New England Patriots feature 28 former players and two contributors in their team hall of fame, established in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts",
"text": "The Patriots played the Colts in the playoffs again on January 18, 2015, in the AFC title game, winning 45–7."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Baltimore Ravens",
"text": "The Patriots trailed by as much as 14 twice, before beating the Ravens 35–31 to advance to the AFC Championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Baltimore Ravens",
"text": "The Ravens played the Patriots for the third consecutive season in the 2011 AFC Championship Game, which the Ravens lost 23–20."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Patriots compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's American Football Conference (AFC) East division."
},
{
"section_header": "Franchise history",
"text": "When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970, the Patriots were placed in the American Football Conference (AFC) East division, where they still play today."
},
{
"section_header": "Rivalries | Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts",
"text": "The Colts broke a six-game Patriot winning streak in the rivalry in November 2005, then won twice in 2006; in the AFC Championship Game the Colts erased a 21–6 halftime lead; the game lead tied or changed seven times in the second half before a late touchdown led to a 38–34 Colts win."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000, the Patriots have become one of the most successful teams in NFL history, claiming 16 AFC East titles as part of 18 consecutive winning seasons since 2001."
}
] |
The New England Patriots have won at least 18 AFC division championships.
| 1 | 5 |
New England Patriots
|
Science
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spärck Jones was educated at a grammar school in Huddersfield and then from 1953 to 1956 at Girton College, Cambridge, studying history, with an additional final year in Moral Sciences (philosophy)."
}
] |
Raw5igHAOoVECY0d0xgS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spärck Jones was educated at a grammar school in Huddersfield and then from 1953 to 1956 at Girton College, Cambridge, studying history, with an additional final year in Moral Sciences (philosophy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Spärck Jones worked at the Cambridge Language Research Unit from the late 1950s, then at Cambridge University Computer Laboratory from 1974 until her retirement in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal Life",
"text": "She was married to fellow Cambridge computer scientist Roger Needham until his death in 2003."
}
] |
Karen Sparck Jones studied biology at Girton College in Cambridge.
| 2 | 3 |
Karen Sparck Jones
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The palace is owned by the monarch in right of the Crown and, for ceremonial purposes, retains its original status as a royal residence."
}
] |
RbOCVi1e7SNjcyCXxms1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Palace is one of the centres of political life in the United Kingdom; \"Westminster\" has become a metonym for the UK Parliament and the British Government, and the Westminster system of government commemorates the name of the palace."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The \"Model Parliament\", the first official Parliament of England, met there in 1295, and almost all subsequent English Parliaments and then, after 1707, all British Parliaments have met at the Palace."
},
{
"section_header": "Security | Incidents",
"text": "Perceval remains the only British Prime Minister to have been assassinated."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Commons Chamber",
"text": "By tradition, the British Sovereign does not enter the Chamber of the House of Commons."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Westminster Hall",
"text": "Westminster Hall, the oldest existing part of the Palace of Westminster, was erected in 1097 by King William II ('William Rufus'), at which point it was the largest hall in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The Palace of Westminster was the monarch's principal residence in the late Medieval period."
},
{
"section_header": "Security | Incidents",
"text": "On 2 February 1988, the House debated the Local Government Bill's controversial Clause 28, a measure to prohibit the promotion of homosexuality in schools."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Commons Chamber",
"text": "There are green benches on either side of the House; members of the Government party occupy benches on the Speaker's right, while those of the Opposition occupy benches on the Speaker's left."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Old Palace",
"text": "The Palace of Westminster site was strategically important during the Middle Ages, as it was located on the banks of the River Thames."
},
{
"section_header": "Interior | Prince's Chamber",
"text": "The room also contains a statue of Queen Victoria, seated on a throne (itself placed on a pedestal) and holding a sceptre and a laurel crown, which show that she both governs and rules."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The palace is owned by the monarch in right of the Crown and, for ceremonial purposes, retains its original status as a royal residence."
}
] |
The Palace of Westminster is property of the British Government, not the monarchy.
| 0 | 0 |
Palace of Westminster
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He made seven All-Star Game appearances, and was the World Series MVP in 1993."
}
] |
RbUcKLMz2Fb6ormemM9S
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Ignitor\", is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player and former manager of the Minnesota Twins, who is in the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He made seven All-Star Game appearances, and was the World Series MVP in 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "Molitor is also the first player in World Series history to have at least two home runs, two doubles, and two triples in one series (1993)."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "Molitor hit 2 doubles, 2 triples, and 2 home runs in the Series, earning the World Series MVP Award and tied a World Series record by batting .500 (12-for-24) in the six-game series."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Molitor was rewarded for his efforts in leading the Twins back to the postseason after losing 103 games the season prior, the first team in history to achieve this feat, by being named American League Manager of the Year in November 2017."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "In 1999, Molitor ranked No. 99 on The Sporting News' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and he was nominated as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor was part of a young Milwaukee Brewers team that lost the 1982 World Series in seven games to the St. Louis Cardinals."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "Including Game 1 of the 1982 World Series, he recorded eight 5-hit games and four 200+ hit seasons in his 21 year major league career."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Molitor also remains the last MLB player to drive in 100 or more runs in a season while hitting fewer than 10 home runs ("
}
] |
Paul Molitor is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player and former manager of the Minnesota Twins, and also made seven All-Star Game appearances, and was the World Series MVP in 1993.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul Molitor
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rose Tattoo is a three-act play written by Tennessee Williams in 1949 and 1950; after its Chicago premiere on December 29, 1950, he made further revisions to the play for its Broadway premiere on February 2, 1951, and its publication by New Directions the following month."
}
] |
Rbbml7gDGzdWZpQCR9VF
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "New Directions Publishing reissued the play in 2010 with a new introduction by playwright John Patrick Shanley."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Rose Tattoo is a three-act play written by Tennessee Williams in 1949 and 1950; after its Chicago premiere on December 29, 1950, he made further revisions to the play for its Broadway premiere on February 2, 1951, and its publication by New Directions the following month."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | 1995 Revival",
"text": "Miss Yorke Miss Yorke Fiddle Viracola – Violetta"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | 1951 Original Broadway Production",
"text": "Miss Yorke Miss Yorke Phyllis Love – Rosa Delle Rose"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | 1966 Revival",
"text": "Lucia Barbara Townsend – Miss Yorke"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | 2019 Revival",
"text": "Alvaro Mangiacavallo Cassie Beck – Miss Yorke"
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play was recreated for a July 5, 1953, hour-long radio adaptation on the program Best Plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Tucci was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The original Broadway play starred Maureen Stapleton, Phyllis Love, and Eli Wallach."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "Other original cast members of the 1951 Broadway play included Martin Balsam and Vivian Nathan."
}
] |
The play was first shown in New York.
| 0 | 0 |
The Rose Tattoo
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Patriotism",
"text": "The devil says \"I am merely an honest American like yourself — and of the best descent — for, to tell the truth, Mr. Webster, though I don't like to boast of it, my name is older in this country than yours.\" Webster insists on a jury trial as an American right, with Americans for the jury and an American judge."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The devil",
"text": "\" The names Benét gives the devil—Mr. Scratch or the stranger—were both used around New England and other parts of the pre-Civil-War United States: \"Perhaps Scratch will do for the evening."
}
] |
RbvhTFsMXz4McUTUQXMc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Devil and Daniel Webster\" is a short story by Stephen Vincent Benét."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mr. Scratch tells Webster, \"I shall call upon you, as a law-abiding citizen, to assist me in taking possession of my property,\" and so begins the argument."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Benet's story centers on a New Hampshire farmer who sells his soul to the devil and is defended by Daniel Webster, a fictional version of the famous 19th century American statesman, lawyer and orator."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "\" Webster makes him agree \"never to bother Jabez Stone nor his heirs or assigns nor any other New Hampshire man till doomsday!\" Mr. Scratch offers to tell Webster's fortune in his palm."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mr. Scratch congratulates Webster, and the contract is torn up."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "It goes poorly for Webster, since the signature and the contract are clear and Mr. Scratch will not compromise."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At midnight of the appointed date, Mr. Scratch arrives and is greeted by Webster, presenting himself as Stone's attorney."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Mr. Scratch agrees after Webster says that he can select the judge and jury, \"so long as it is an American judge and an American jury."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Screen",
"text": "Phil Reisman, Jr. adapted the story for a live television performance of \"The Devil and Daniel Webster\" on Breck Sunday Showcase (NBC, Feb 14, 1960, 60 min), starring Edward G. Robinson (Daniel Webster), David Wayne (Mr. Scratch), and Tim O'Connor (Jabez Stone)."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | Patriotism",
"text": "The devil says \"I am merely an honest American like yourself — and of the best descent — for, to tell the truth, Mr. Webster, though I don't like to boast of it, my name is older in this country than yours.\" Webster insists on a jury trial as an American right, with Americans for the jury and an American judge."
},
{
"section_header": "Major themes | The devil",
"text": "\" The names Benét gives the devil—Mr. Scratch or the stranger—were both used around New England and other parts of the pre-Civil-War United States: \"Perhaps Scratch will do for the evening."
}
] |
In Stephen Vincent Benet's story, Mr. Scratch tells Webster that he is an Englishman.
| 0 | 0 |
The Devil and Daniel Webster
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Francis Rizzuto (September 25, 1917 – August 13, 2007), nicknamed \"The Scooter\", was an American Major League Baseball shortstop."
}
] |
RcTZ7Aq8Bv8wdra1Drpe
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "His nickname, at times attributed to Yankees broadcaster Mel Allen, was actually bestowed on Rizzuto (according to him) by minor league teammate Billy Hitchcock because of the way Rizzuto ran the bases."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The slick-fielding Rizzuto is also regarded as one of the best bunters in baseball history."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "And holy cow , Chambliss hits one over the fence, he is being mobbed by the fans, and this field will never be the same, but the Yankees have won it in the bottom of the 9th, seven to six!\" Rizzuto was also on the mic for the one-game playoff that decided the dramatic 1978 AL East race between the Yankees and the Boston Red Sox, the Pine Tar game involving George Brett in 1983, and Phil Niekro's 300th career win in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "Holy cow, Chris Chambliss on one swing!\" [As fans poured onto the field, tearing it up for souvenirs] \"And the Yankees win the American League pennant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Francis Rizzuto (September 25, 1917 – August 13, 2007), nicknamed \"The Scooter\", was an American Major League Baseball shortstop."
},
{
"section_header": "Other",
"text": "Rizzuto and former teammate Yogi Berra were partners in a bowling alley venture in Clifton, New Jersey, originally called Rizzuto-Berra Lanes."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "And In 1947 the increasingly valued Rizzuto recorded a .969 fielding average, breaking Crosetti's 1939 team record for shortstops of .968."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "While leading the league in fielding percentage, Rizzuto handled 238 consecutive chances without an error, setting the single-season record for shortstops."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "ESPN reported that the photo of Jeter and Rizzuto taken that evening is one of Jeter's most prized possessions."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting career",
"text": "Announcing partner Bobby Murcer had already left to attend the funeral, and Rizzuto understandably assumed that he would be allowed to miss the game to attend the funeral with former teammates as well."
}
] |
Rizzuto had a nickname on field, Ol' Rizzy due to him being older than his teammates.
| 0 | 0 |
Phil Rizzuto
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Like most of Pynchon's output, Lot 49 is often described as postmodernist literature."
}
] |
RcncEFpuGA6FUkcSBFwc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Crying of Lot 49 (1965) is the shortest novel published by American author Thomas Pynchon."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Like most of Pynchon's output, Lot 49 is often described as postmodernist literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The Crying of Lot 49. J. B. Lippincott."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "The Crying of Lot 49. Harper and Row, 1986, reissued 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions in the book",
"text": "As ever with Pynchon's writing, the labyrinthine plots offer myriad linked cultural references."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions in the book",
"text": "J. Kerry Grant wrote A Companion to the Crying of Lot 49 in an attempt to catalogue these references but it is neither definitive nor complete."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions in the book | The Beatles",
"text": "The Crying of Lot 49 was published shortly after Beatlemania and the \"British invasion\" that took place in the United States and other Western countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Allusions in the book | Remedios Varo",
"text": "Near the beginning of The Crying of Lot 49, Oedipa recalls a trip to an art museum in Mexico with Inverarity, during which she encountered a painting, Bordando el Manto Terrestre by Remedios Varo."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The symbol appears to be a muted variant of the coat of arms of Thurn and Taxis: an 18th-century European postal monopoly that suppressed all opposition, including Trystero (or Tristero), a competing postal service that was defeated but possibly driven underground."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The book ends with Oedipa at an auction of Inverarity's possessions, waiting on the bidding of lot 49, which contains his stamp collection."
}
] |
Thomas Pynchon's, The Crying of Lot 49, was written in the 1960's, but the author chose to use the romantic style of writing commonly found in 18th century literature.
| 2 | 4 |
The Crying of Lot 49
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918."
}
] |
RdCLOoxWOputm0cmo3qd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Conscription | Britain",
"text": "Recognition of work of national importance also diminished, and in the last year of the war there was some support for the conscription of clergy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude | July Crisis",
"text": "This also led to the general mobilisation in Austria-Hungary on 4 August."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, despite the conclusive Allied victory (and the creation of the League of Nations during the Peace Conference, intended to prevent future wars), a second world war followed just over twenty years later."
},
{
"section_header": "Conscription | Britain",
"text": "Conscription lasted until mid-1919."
},
{
"section_header": "Progress of the war | Eastern Front | Czechoslovak Legion",
"text": "The last transport was the American ship Heffron in September 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Progress of the war | Southern theatres | Ottoman Empire",
"text": "The Persian Campaign was to last until 1918 and end in failure for the Ottomans and their allies."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "World War I was a significant turning point in the political, cultural, economic, and social climate of the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath | Formal end of the war",
"text": "Legally, the formal peace treaties were not complete until the last, the Treaty of Lausanne, was signed."
},
{
"section_header": "Names",
"text": "Prior to World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War."
}
] |
World War I lasted for almost 4 years.
| 0 | 0 |
World War I
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Water",
"text": "Water transport in Mumbai consists of ferries, hovercrafts and catamarans."
}
] |
RdQ6cGmErCU5G9mZKrTy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Bus",
"text": "Mumbai's transport system has been categorised as one of the most congested in the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Water",
"text": "Water transport in Mumbai consists of ferries, hovercrafts and catamarans."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Sea",
"text": "Mumbai Port has one of the best natural harbours in the world, and has extensive wet and dry dock accommodation facilities."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Bus",
"text": "Though 88% of the city's commuters travel by public transport, Mumbai still continues to struggle with traffic congestion."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Railway",
"text": "The Mumbai Suburban Railway, popularly referred to as Locals forms the backbone of the city's transport system."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport",
"text": "Public transport systems in Mumbai include the Mumbai Suburban Railway, Monorail, Metro, Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport (BEST) buses, black-and-yellow meter taxis, auto rickshaws and ferries."
},
{
"section_header": "Education | Higher education",
"text": "Most colleges in the city are affiliated with the University of Mumbai, one of the largest universities in the world in terms of the number of graduates."
},
{
"section_header": "Education | Higher education",
"text": "The University of Mumbai is one of the premier universities in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Bus",
"text": "The Navi Mumbai Municipal Transport (NMMT) and Thane Municipal Transport (TMT) also operate their buses in Mumbai, connecting various nodes of Navi Mumbai and Thane to parts of Mumbai."
},
{
"section_header": "Transport | Public transport | Bus",
"text": "Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) lanes have been planned throughout Mumbai."
}
] |
There is only one type of water transport in Mumbai while their general transport system is one of the most congested in the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Mumbai
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Williams has won 25 Grammy Awards, seven British Academy Film Awards, five Academy Awards, and four Golden Globe Awards."
}
] |
ReygczagNToiV41BASSd
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Williams has won the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition for his scores for Star Wars, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Superman,"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Williams has won 25 Grammy Awards, seven British Academy Film Awards, five Academy Awards, and four Golden Globe Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "In 2020, Williams won the Grammy Award for \"Best Instrumental Composition\" for composing Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge Symphonic Suite, and he received his 52nd Oscar nomination for \"Best Original Score\" at the 92nd Academy Awards for Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "John Williams has been nominated for 52 Academy Awards, winning 5; 6 Emmy Awards, winning 3; 25 Golden Globe Awards, winning 4; 71 Grammy Awards, winning 25; and has received 7 British Academy Film Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Conducting and performing",
"text": "After entreaties by the management and personal apologies from the musicians, Williams withdrew his resignation and continued as principal conductor for nine more years."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television scoring",
"text": "Williams won an Annie Award for his score for The Adventures of Tintin."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television scoring",
"text": "He received a Grammy nomination for his work on the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "After moving to Los Angeles, he began working as a session musician, most notably for composer Henry Mancini."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and television scoring",
"text": "Spielberg has said, \"I call it an honorable privilege to regard John Williams as a friend."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Towner Williams (born February 8, 1932) is an American composer, conductor, and pianist."
}
] |
John Williams was a musician and won 26 Grammys.
| 0 | 0 |
John Williams
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Smith has appeared in more than 60 films and over 70 plays, and is one of Britain's most recognisable actresses."
}
] |
RfFEhqWBeVnI0kfO4FUk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours",
"text": "Smith was made a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) for services to drama in the 2014 Queen's Birthday Honours, becoming the third actress to receive the honour, after Sybil Thorndike (1970) and Judi Dench (2005)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Smith has appeared in more than 60 films and over 70 plays, and is one of Britain's most recognisable actresses."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours",
"text": "Smith was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1970 New Year Honours, and was raised to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 1990 New Year Honours, for services to the performing arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The new play by Christopher Hampton was drawn from the life and testimony of Brunhilde Pomsel (1911–2017), in which Smith was alone on stage, performing a 100-minute-long monologue to the audience."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dame Margaret Natalie Smith (born 28 December 1934) is an English actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was made a Dame by Queen Elizabeth II in 1990 for contributions to the performing arts, and a Companion of Honour in 2014 for services to drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours",
"text": "Smith was made a Fellow of the British Film Institute in recognition of her outstanding contribution to film culture in 1992."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honours",
"text": "A six-time Academy Award nominee, Smith won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of an idealistic, unorthodox schoolteacher in the 1969 film"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She appeared in her first film in 1956, in an uncredited role in Child in the House, and made her Broadway debut the same year playing several roles in the review"
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She received her third Academy Award nomination for the 1972 film Travels with My Aunt."
}
] |
Maggie Smith is an English actress, and has appeared in more than 100 films and over 100 plays, and was made a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH), becoming the third actress to receive the honour.
| 0 | 0 |
Maggie Smith
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Leo Molitor (born August 22, 1956), nicknamed \"Molly\" and"
}
] |
RfGnHhw0wbv1t9G6oN5M
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Molitor grew up in Minnesota and attended the University of Minnesota before beginning his MLB career."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minnesota Twins",
"text": "Molitor also remains the last MLB player to drive in 100 or more runs in a season while hitting fewer than 10 home runs ("
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Ignitor\", is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) player and former manager of the Minnesota Twins, who is in the Baseball Hall of Fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "He made his MLB debut in 1978, playing in 125 games and hitting .273 with 6 home runs, 45 RBIs and 30 stolen bases."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Molitor was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor batted .355 during the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching and managerial career | Early career",
"text": "Molitor was a hitting coach with the Mariners in 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "Only Ichiro and Molitor played beyond 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Milwaukee Brewers",
"text": "Molitor was moved to third base before the 1982 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Accomplishments",
"text": "Molitor was elected to the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Paul Leo Molitor (born August 22, 1956), nicknamed \"Molly\" and"
}
] |
Molitor was referred to as "Molly" and "The Ignitor" in MLB.
| 0 | 0 |
Paul Molitor
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It also premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or, with Voight winning Best Actor."
}
] |
RfUTQ0vMeJKgOXfHJHPm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Coming Home premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where Voight won the award for Best Actor for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It also premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or, with Voight winning Best Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 51st Academy Awards, it received eight nominations including for the Best Picture, winning three; Best Original Screenplay, with Voight and Fonda winning Best Actor and Best Actress respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the 36th Golden Globe Awards, it received six nominations including for the Best Motion Picture – Drama with Voight and Fonda winning Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home was theatrically released on February 15, 1978 to critical and commercial success."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home is a 1978 American romantic drama war film directed by Hal Ashby from a screenplay written by Waldo Salt and Robert C. Jones and from a story by Nancy Dowd."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards and nominations",
"text": "American Film Institute lists AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies –"
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Alan J. Pakula's Comes a Horseman (1978)."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "In all fairness to you and this amazing cast you need an extremely talented actor for this role and not a poor singer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received various awards and nominations."
}
] |
Actor Voight won the Best Actor award for 1978 movie Coming Home when it showcased the Cannes Film Festival.
| 1 | 3 |
Coming Home (1978 film)
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Sexual reproduction",
"text": "Fungi employ two mating systems: heterothallic species allow mating only between individuals of opposite mating type, whereas homothallic species can mate, and sexually reproduce, with any other individual or itself."
}
] |
RffNzNM1KpjLAm8xPPz6
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Human use | Model organisms",
"text": "For example, the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis was formulated by scientists using the bread mold Neurospora crassa to test their biochemical theories."
},
{
"section_header": "Pathogenic mechanisms",
"text": "One mechanism by which C. neoformans survives the hostile macrophage environment is by up-regulating the expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress response."
},
{
"section_header": "Morphology | Microscopic structures",
"text": "Septa have pores that allow cytoplasm, organelles, and sometimes nuclei to pass through; an example is the dolipore septum in fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology | Symbiosis | With insects",
"text": "At least one species of stingless bee has a relationship with a fungus in the genus Monascus, where the larvae consume and depend on fungus transferred from old to new nests."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction",
"text": "It is estimated that a third of all fungi reproduce using more than one method of propagation; for example, reproduction may occur in two well-differentiated stages within the life cycle of a species, the teleomorph and the anamorph."
},
{
"section_header": "Pathogenic mechanisms",
"text": "This process requires a gene called DMC1, which is a conserved homologue of genes recA in bacteria and RAD51 in eukaryotes, that mediates homologous chromosome pairing during meiosis and repair of DNA double-strand breaks."
},
{
"section_header": "Pathogenic mechanisms",
"text": "U. maydis can respond to the oxidative burst with an oxidative stress response, regulated by the gene YAP1."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology | Symbiosis | With plants",
"text": "Mycorrhizal symbiosis between plants and fungi is one of the most well-known plant–fungus associations and is of significant importance for plant growth and persistence in many ecosystems; over 90% of all plant species engage in mycorrhizal relationships with fungi and are dependent upon this relationship for survival."
},
{
"section_header": "Growth and physiology",
"text": "The vast majority of filamentous fungi grow in a polar fashion (extending in one direction) by elongation at the tip (apex) of the hypha."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Taxonomic groups",
"text": "One 2006 study concludes that the Microsporidia are a sister group to the true fungi; that is, they are each other's closest evolutionary relative."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Sexual reproduction",
"text": "Fungi employ two mating systems: heterothallic species allow mating only between individuals of opposite mating type, whereas homothallic species can mate, and sexually reproduce, with any other individual or itself."
}
] |
Some, but not all, fungi species pass on their genes "sexually".
| 0 | 0 |
Fungus
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Cabot Lodge (May 12, 1850 – November 9, 1924) was an American Republican senator and historian from Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A member of the conservative wing of the Republican Party, Lodge opposed Roosevelt's third party bid for president in 1912, but the two remained close friends."
}
] |
Rgl4bjFd0VB4pY34Naon
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the Senate, he sponsored the unsuccessful Lodge Bill, which sought to protect the voting rights of African Americans."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | Civil rights",
"text": "In 1890, Lodge co-authored the Federal Elections Bill, along with Sen. George Frisbie Hoar, that guaranteed federal protection for African American voting rights."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Cabot Lodge (May 12, 1850 – November 9, 1924) was an American Republican senator and historian from Massachusetts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A member of the conservative wing of the Republican Party, Lodge opposed Roosevelt's third party bid for president in 1912, but the two remained close friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Historian",
"text": "Lodge was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1878."
},
{
"section_header": "Historian",
"text": "In 1881, he was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career | League of Nations",
"text": "Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., Lodge's grandson, served as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations from 1953 to 1960."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career",
"text": "In 1880–1882, Lodge served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives."
},
{
"section_header": "Historian",
"text": "His teacher and mentor during his graduate studies was Henry Adams; Lodge maintained a lifelong friendship with Adams."
},
{
"section_header": "Publications",
"text": "Charles Scribner's Sons. Roosevelt, Theodore, and Henry Cabot Lodge."
}
] |
American historian Henry Cabot Lodge sponsored bills to get African Americans voting rights and served as a Representative and he opposed Roosevelt's third term.
| 0 | 0 |
Henry Cabot Lodge
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "His father, aged sixty-three when George Frideric was born, was an eminent barber-surgeon who served the court of Saxe-Weissenfels and the Margraviate of Brandenburg."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Handel composed more than forty opera serias in over thirty years, and since the late 1960s, with the revival of baroque music and historically informed musical performance, interest in Handel's operas has grown."
}
] |
Rh4U79C9a0K7A7lS2kBI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (; born Georg Friederich Händel"
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "Two younger sisters were born after the birth of George Frideric: Dorthea Sophia, born 6 October 1687, and Johanna Christiana, born 10 January 1690."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "His father, aged sixty-three when George Frideric was born, was an eminent barber-surgeon who served the court of Saxe-Weissenfels and the Margraviate of Brandenburg."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Handel composed more than forty opera serias in over thirty years, and since the late 1960s, with the revival of baroque music and historically informed musical performance, interest in Handel's operas has grown."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | After the death of Handel's father",
"text": "It was German custom for friends and family to compose funeral odes for a substantial burgher like Georg, and young Handel discharged his duty with a poem dated 18 February and signed with his name and (in deference to his father's wishes) \"dedicated to the liberal arts."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Early education",
"text": "This did nothing to dampen young Handel's inclination; in fact, it did the reverse."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "Handel was born in 1685 in Halle, Duchy of Magdeburg (then part of Brandenburg-Prussia), to Georg Händel and Dorothea Taust."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "Georg Händel (senior) was born at the beginning of the war, and was apprenticed to a barber in Halle at the age of 14, after his father died."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years | Family",
"text": "The Thirty Years War brought extensive destruction to Halle, and by the 1680s it was impoverished."
},
{
"section_header": "Move to London",
"text": "The conception of an opera as a coherent structure was slow to capture Handel's imagination and he composed no operas for five years."
}
] |
George Frideric Handel's dad was not young when he was born and composed many operas in thirty years.
| 0 | 0 |
George Frideric Handel
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and"
}
] |
RiN3WReltFSgkQcGBfK6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography and environment",
"text": "New Zealand is located near the centre of the water hemisphere and is made up of two main islands and a number of smaller islands."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography and environment",
"text": "Elsewhere the plate boundary involves the subduction of one plate under the other, producing the Puysegur Trench to the south, the Hikurangi Trench east of the North Island, and the Kermadec and Tonga Trenches further north."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It comprises two main landmasses—the North Island (Te Ika-a-Māui) and the South Island (Te Waipounamu)—and"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "New Zealand is about 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the islands of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography and environment | Climate",
"text": "Conditions vary sharply across regions from extremely wet on the West Coast of the South Island to almost semi-arid in Central Otago and the Mackenzie Basin of inland Canterbury, and subtropical in Northland."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography and environment",
"text": "The two main islands (the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Māui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamu) are separated by Cook Strait, 22 kilometres (14 mi) wide at its narrowest point."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations and military",
"text": "New Zealand is involved in the Pacific Islands Forum, the Pacific Community, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (including the East Asia Summit)."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Local government and external territories",
"text": "The Realm of New Zealand, one of 16 Commonwealth realms, is the entire area over which the queen of New Zealand is sovereign, and comprises New Zealand, Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Infrastructure",
"text": "State-owned Transpower operates the high-voltage transmission grids in the North and South Islands, as well as the Inter-Island HVDC link connecting the two together."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "Māori had several traditional names for the two main islands, including Te Ika-a-Māui (the fish of Māui) for the North Island and Te Waipounamu (the waters of greenstone) or Te Waka o Aoraki (the canoe of Aoraki) for the South Island."
}
] |
New Zealand is one of two islands, the West and East Island.
| 0 | 0 |
New Zealand
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Doom has formulated a solvent mixture called \"Dip\" that is capable of killing the otherwise invulnerable toons."
}
] |
RiaauA2T7ZGiCbM8c2D5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "They wrote scripts that had either Jessica Rabbit or Baby Herman as the villain, but they made their final decision with newly created character Judge Doom."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "Before finally agreeing on Who Framed Roger Rabbit as the film's title, working titles included Murder in Toontown, Toons, Dead Toons Don't Pay Bills, The Toontown Trial, Trouble in Toontown, and Eddie Goes to Toontown."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "While investigating, Eddie meets Judge Doom, Toontown's sinister superior court judge, and his police team, the Toon Patrol, a gang of toon weasels hired by Doom to find and arrest Roger."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "A heartbroken Roger aggressively declares that he and Jessica will be happy again, and flees."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "R.K. Maroon, head of Maroon Cartoons, is anxious about the recent poor performances of one of his biggest stars, Roger Rabbit."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Music",
"text": "The work of American composer Carl Stalling heavily influenced Silvestri's work on Who Framed Roger Rabbit."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "She and Eddie are then kidnapped by Doom and the Toon Patrol."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Proposed sequel",
"text": "The proposed film is set to a prequel, taking place five years before Who Framed Roger Rabbit and part of the story is about how Roger met Jessica."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Writing",
"text": "Who Censored Roger Rabbit?, the toons were comic-strip characters rather than movie stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Amblin Entertainment, which consisted of Steven Spielberg, Frank Marshall and Kathleen Kennedy, were approached to produce Who Framed Roger Rabbit alongside Disney."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Doom has formulated a solvent mixture called \"Dip\" that is capable of killing the otherwise invulnerable toons."
}
] |
In Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Doom creates a potion that turns happy toons instead sad ones.
| 2 | 7 |
Who Framed Roger Rabbit
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield commemoration",
"text": "Battlefields can host memorials to the battles that took place there."
}
] |
RianPpfii1T23gn6r1fN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "Many battlefields from specific historic battles are preserved as historic landmarks."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield commemoration",
"text": "Battlefields can host memorials to the battles that took place there."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A battlefield, battleground, or field of battle is the location of a present or historic battle involving ground warfare."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield commemoration",
"text": "Later these trophies might be replaced by more permanent memorials in stone or bronze."
},
{
"section_header": "Choice of battlefields",
"text": "The occurrence of a battle at a particular location may be entirely accidental, if an encounter between hostile forces occurs with neither side having expected the encounter."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Other legal regimes promote the preservation of certain battlefields as sites of historic importance."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "The study area of a battlefield includes all places related to contributing to the battle event: where troops deployed and maneuvered before, during, and after the engagement; it is the maximum delineation of the historical site and provides more of the tactical context of a battle than does the core area."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "The core area of a battlefield is within the study area and includes only those places where the combat engagement and key associated actions and features were located; the core area includes, among other things, what often is described as \"hallowed ground\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "A battlefield is typically the location of large numbers of deaths."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "Given the intensity of combat, it may not be possible to easily retrieve bodies from the battlefield leading to the observation that \"[a] battlefield is a graveyard without the gravestones\"."
}
] |
Some battlegrounds have been preserved some with memorials.
| 0 | 3 |
Battleground
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It began in 1837 when William Lyon Mackenzie and other Canadian rebels, with support from US citizens, fled to an island in the Niagara River, in the ship Caroline."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "British forces crossed the Niagara River, to board and capture the vessel where it was moored, at Schlosser's Landing, in US territory."
}
] |
RifSAm2TIRS7D33y3gNZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "British forces set fire to the Caroline and set it adrift in the Niagara River, about two miles above Niagara Falls."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Caroline affair (also known as the Caroline case) was a diplomatic crisis beginning in 1837 involving the United States, Britain, and the Canadian independence movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It began in 1837 when William Lyon Mackenzie and other Canadian rebels, with support from US citizens, fled to an island in the Niagara River, in the ship Caroline."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "British forces crossed the Niagara River, to board and capture the vessel where it was moored, at Schlosser's Landing, in US territory."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For example, Tom Nichols (2008) has stated: Thus the destruction of an insignificant ship in what one scholar has called a \"comic opera affair\" in the early 19th century nonetheless led to the establishment of a principle of international life that would govern, at least in theory, the use of force for over 250 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In retaliation, a private militia composed of both US citizens and Canadians attacked a British vessel and destroyed it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The diplomatic crisis was defused by the negotiations that led to the Webster-Ashburton Treaty in 1842, in which both the US and British admitted to wrongdoing."
},
{
"section_header": "Events",
"text": "commanding a party of militia, acting on information and guidance from Alexander McLeod that the vessel belonged to Mackenzie, crossed the international boundary and seized the Caroline, chased off the crew, towed her into the current, set her afire, and cast her adrift over Niagara Falls, after killing one black American named Amos Durfee in the process."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "During 1838, there were several other clashes pitting British forces against private militia."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "After these defeats, Mackenzie fled to Navy Island in the Niagara River, which they declared the Republic of Canada, on board the vessel SS Caroline."
}
] |
The Caroline is known as a crisis regarding an insignificant ship destroyed by British forces near Niagara Falls in 1837.
| 0 | 0 |
Caroline affair
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In The Winning of the West, Theodore Roosevelt wrote of Kings Mountain, \"This brilliant victory marked the turning point of the American Revolution.\" Thomas Jefferson called it, \"The turn of the tide of success.\" President Herbert Hoover at Kings Mountain said, This is a place of inspiring memories."
}
] |
Rildhqxg7t1fDdGjrfwR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Kings Mountain was a pivotal moment in the history of the American Revolution."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle was a pivotal moment in the Southern campaign."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "In The Winning of the West, Theodore Roosevelt wrote of Kings Mountain, \"This brilliant victory marked the turning point of the American Revolution.\" Thomas Jefferson called it, \"The turn of the tide of success.\" President Herbert Hoover at Kings Mountain said, This is a place of inspiring memories."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "Coming after a series of disasters and humiliations in the Carolinas—the fall of Charleston and capture of the American army there, the destruction of another American army at the Battle of Camden, the Waxhaws Massacre—the surprising decisive victory at Kings Mountain was a great boost to Patriot morale."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Battle of Kings Mountain was a military engagement between Patriot and Loyalist militias in South Carolina during the Southern Campaign of the American Revolutionary War, resulting in a decisive victory for the Patriots."
},
{
"section_header": "Aftermath",
"text": "The Battle of Kings Mountain lasted 65 minutes."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "The Loyalists camped on a ridge west of Kings Pinnacle, the highest point on Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "By sunrise of the 7th, they forded the Broad River, fifteen miles from Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude to battle | Muster at Sycamore Shoals",
"text": "Needing to hurry, the Patriot militia put 900 men on horseback and rode for Kings Mountain."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "However, the Patriots caught up with the Loyalists at Kings Mountain near the border with South Carolina."
}
] |
The battle of Kings mountain was seen as the pivotal moment in the American Revolution.
| 1 | 2 |
Battle of Kings Mountain
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Book of Daniel is a 2nd-century BC biblical apocalypse combining a prophecy of history with an eschatology (a portrayal of end times) cosmic in scope and political in focus."
}
] |
RjBBvkFO3q2nRra6sUtW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Composition | Dating",
"text": "Daniel is, however, quoted in a section of the Sibylline Oracles commonly dated to the middle of the 2nd century BC, and was popular at Qumran at much the same time, suggesting that it was known from the middle of that century."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Dating",
"text": "Further evidence of the book's date is in the fact that Daniel is excluded from the Hebrew Bible's canon of the prophets, which was closed around 200 BC, and the Wisdom of Sirach, a work dating from around 180 BC, draws on almost every book of the Old Testament except Daniel, leading scholars to suppose that its author was unaware of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Book of Daniel is a 2nd-century BC biblical apocalypse combining a prophecy of history with an eschatology (a portrayal of end times) cosmic in scope and political in focus."
},
{
"section_header": "Manuscripts",
"text": "The Book of Daniel is preserved in the 12-chapter Masoretic Text and in two longer Greek versions, the original Septuagint version, c. 100 BC, and the later Theodotion version from c. 2nd century AD."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Dating",
"text": "Chapters 10–12 must therefore have been written between 167 and 164 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Dating",
"text": "The prophecies of Daniel are accurate down to the career of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, king of Syria and oppressor of the Jews, but not in its prediction of his death: the author seems to know about Antiochus' two campaigns in Egypt (169 and 167 BC), the desecration of the Temple (the \"abomination of desolation\"), and the fortification of the Akra (a fortress built inside Jerusalem), but he seems to know nothing about the reconstruction of the Temple or about the actual circumstances of Antiochus' death in late 164 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical background",
"text": "The obvious conclusion is that the account must have been completed near the end of the reign of Antiochus but before his death in December 164 BC, or at least before news of it reached Jerusalem, and the consensus of modern scholarship is accordingly that the book dates to the period 167–163 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition | Authorship",
"text": "The stories of the first half are considered legendary in origin, and the visions of the second the product of anonymous authors in the Maccabean period (2nd century BC).Although"
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Western culture",
"text": "The book has also inspired musicians, from medieval liturgical drama to the 20th century compositions of Darius Milhaud."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre, meaning, symbolism and chronology | Meaning, symbolism and chronology",
"text": "The book is filled with monsters, angels, and numerology, drawn from a wide range of sources, both biblical and non-biblical, that would have had meaning in the context of 2nd-century Jewish culture, and while Christian interpreters have always viewed these as predicting events in the New Testament—\"the Son of God\", \"the Son of Man\", Christ and the Antichrist—the book's intended audience is the Jews of the 2nd century BC."
}
] |
The Book of Daniel dates back to the first century BC.
| 0 | 0 |
The Book of Daniel
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of October 2019, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 21st richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$37.6 billion."
}
] |
Rjp3NfmZ6SDVz1zLeLjy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As of October 2019, Knight was ranked by Forbes as the 21st richest person in the world, with an estimated net worth of US$37.6 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Nike Inc.",
"text": "Jeff Johnson, Nike's first employee, suggested calling the firm \"Nike,\" named after the Greek winged goddess of victory, and Blue Ribbon Sport was subsequently renamed Nike in 1971.Nike's \"swoosh\" logo, now considered one of the most powerful logos in the world, was commissioned for US$35 from graphic design student Carolyn Davidson in 1971."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Nike Inc.",
"text": "The two men agreed to a partnership by handshake on January 25, 1964, the birth date of Blue Ribbon Sports (BRS), the company that would later become Nike."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Nike Inc.",
"text": "According to Nike's website, Knight said at the time: \"I don't love it, but it will grow on me.\" In September 1983, Davidson was given an undisclosed amount of Nike stock for her contribution to the company's brand."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "According to one source, \"When his father refused to give him a summer job at his newspaper [the now defunct Oregon Journal], believing that his son should find work on his own,\" Knight \"went to the rival Oregonian, where he worked the morning shift tabulating sports scores and"
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Phil Knight serves as Chairman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A noted philanthropist, Knight has donated hundreds of millions of dollars to each of his alma maters, as well as Oregon Health & Science University."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Nike Inc.",
"text": "Immediately after graduating from the University of Oregon, Knight enlisted in the army and served one year on active duty and seven years in the Army Reserve."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Nike CEO role",
"text": "According to a February 10, 2012 filing by attorney John F. Coburn III, on behalf of Knight, Knight owned 67,097,005 shares of Class A Common Stock and 7,740 shares of Class B Common Stock in the Nike corporation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Nike CEO role",
"text": "In September 2017, Knight decided to come out of retirement to put black back in the UNC jerseys for the Phil Knight Classic in Portland, Oregon."
}
] |
Phil Knight is well known through his multiple connections with Nike and according to Forbes is one of the top 25 richest people in the world.
| 3 | 7 |
Phil Knight
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon release, the film was well-received by critics and grossed over $1 billion worldwide, becoming the second Pixar film to gross $1 billion after Toy Story 3 (2010), the third highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 22nd-highest-grossing of all-time at the time of its theatrical run."
}
] |
RkjeE6JENp9CgVhwxUOx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Finding Dory grossed $486.3 million in the U.S. and Canada and $542.3 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.029 billion, against a budget of $200 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Upon release, the film was well-received by critics and grossed over $1 billion worldwide, becoming the second Pixar film to gross $1 billion after Toy Story 3 (2010), the third highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 22nd-highest-grossing of all-time at the time of its theatrical run."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "It jumped 18.5% over its Monday gross, a rare achievement for a film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "This also marks the first time that an animated film has grossed over $50 million in a single day."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "Now You See Me 2. In the same weekend along with its $73 million take in North America, the film helped Pixar cross the $10 billion mark worldwide since Toy Story (1995)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "By its fourth weekend, the animated film helped Disney push past the $3 billion mark internationally and $5 billion globally."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Worldwide, it is the third-highest-grossing film of 2016 (behind Civil War and Rogue One), the highest-grossing animated film of 2016, the fourth-highest-grossing Pixar film ever (behind Incredibles 2, Toy Story 3 and Toy Story 4), the ninth highest-grossing animated film of all time (behind the 2019 version of The Lion King, Frozen II, Frozen, Incredibles 2, Minions, Toy Story 3, Toy Story 4 and Despicable Me 3), and the 41st highest-grossing film of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Outside North America",
"text": "However, if previews are excluded, Finding Dory is ahead."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "In the United States and Canada, Finding Dory opened on June 17, 2016, alongside Central Intelligence, with projections having the film grossing $110–120 million in its opening weekend, with some estimates going as high as $130 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Once on board the truck, Dory persuades Hank to return to the sea with her, and together, they hijack the truck and drive it over busy highways, creating havoc, before crashing it into the sea, freeing all the fish."
}
] |
Finding Dory did gross over a billion of dollars worldwide.
| 0 | 0 |
Finding Dory
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kell also was hard to strike out; he struck out only 287 times in 6,702 at-bats during his career."
}
] |
RkqsABoiaiMsLu7EU0Us
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Clyde Kell (August 23, 1922 – March 24, 2009) was an American Major League Baseball third baseman who played 15 seasons for the Philadelphia Athletics (1943–1946), Detroit Tigers (1947–1952), Boston Red Sox (1952–1954), Chicago White Sox (1954–1956), and Baltimore Orioles (1956–57)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kell also was hard to strike out; he struck out only 287 times in 6,702 at-bats during his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "One year later, Kell batted .340, leading the league with 218 hits and 56 doubles, but lost the batting title to Williams' teammate, Red Sox second baseman Billy Goodman."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Kell's brother, Everett \"Skeeter\" Kell, played the 1952 season for the Philadelphia Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Kell finished his career with the Baltimore Orioles (1956–57), where he helped fellow Arkansan and Hall of Famer Brooks Robinson take over the third base position for the team."
},
{
"section_header": "Broadcasting | Broadcasting style",
"text": "\"I got up, made the play at third, then passed out.\" He would also recount his early career interactions with the Hall of Fame owner and 50+ year manager of the Philadelphia Athletics, Connie Mack, whom he always referenced respectfully as “Mr. Mack”."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Kell died at age 86 in his sleep in his hometown of Swifton, Arkansas on March 24, 2009.Fox Sports Detroit, by then the Tigers' local TV rights holder, honored Kell with re-airings of the special FSN Basement: All Star Edition 2005 featuring interviews with Kell and Al Kaline, each recalling their memories of playing for the Tigers and working together in the television booth."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "While with the Tigers, Kell wore three different numbers: 21, 15, and 7."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "When the novelist threw out the first pitch at a June 15, 1999 Tigers game, Leonard wore a No. 21 jersey that was presented to him by the Tigers in an homage to Kell."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "A solid right-handed hitter and a sure-handed fielder, Kell was a ten-time All-Star, batted over .300 nine times and topped the league's third basemen in assists and total chances four times and in fielding percentage seven times."
}
] |
George Clyde Kell (August 23, 1922 – March 24, 2009) was an American Major League Baseball third baseman who played 15 seasons for the Philadelphia Athletics (1943–1946), Detroit Tigers (1947–1952), Boston Red Sox (1952–1954), Chicago White Sox (1954–1956), and Baltimore Orioles (1956–57)in which he struck out only 287 times in 6,702 at-bats during his career.
| 0 | 0 |
George Kell
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Childhood",
"text": "After high school, she attended the all-female, tuition-free Hunter College, where her mother hoped she would learn to become a teacher."
}
] |
RlGcJaUeg0dOipiTbKlq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Other women saw her curiosity as abandoning the only acceptable path for a woman in science at the time, becoming a high school science teacher, but Yalow wanted to be a physicist."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "One of these mentees, Dr. Narayana Panicker Kochupillai, went on to become a leading endocrinology researcher in India, studying thyroid hormones and iodine deficiency."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "In this way, Yalow's legacy in endocrinology was carried on."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Childhood",
"text": "Instead, Yalow decided to study physics."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "The VA wanted to establish research programs to explore medical uses of radioactive substances."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Yalow's first job after teaching and taking classes at the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana graduate school was as an assistant electrical engineer at Federal Telecommunications Laboratory."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "During her time at the University of Illinois, she took extra undergraduate courses to increase her knowledge because she wanted to do original experimental research in addition to her regular teaching duties."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "but she never quit nor turned her back on other young women, if she believed they had the potential to become real scientists."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Childhood",
"text": "After high school, she attended the all-female, tuition-free Hunter College, where her mother hoped she would learn to become a teacher."
},
{
"section_header": "Scientific career",
"text": "Originally used to study insulin levels in diabetes mellitus, the technique has since been applied to hundreds of other substances – including hormones, vitamins and enzymes – all too small to detect previously."
}
] |
Yalow's mom wanted her to study to become a nurse.
| 1 | 2 |
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play premiered in Chicago in 1944."
}
] |
RlQf4cqQbIGJVm978ikf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Original Broadway cast",
"text": "The Glass Menagerie opened on Broadway in the Playhouse Theatre on March 31, 1945, and played there until June 29, 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Glass Menagerie was Williams' first successful play; he went on to become one of America's most highly regarded playwrights."
},
{
"section_header": "Later stage productions",
"text": "The Glass Menagerie has had several Broadway revivals."
},
{
"section_header": "Autobiographical elements",
"text": "With the success of The Glass Menagerie, Williams was to give half of the royalties from the play to his mother."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Glass Menagerie is a memory play by Tennessee Williams that premiered in 1944 and catapulted Williams from obscurity to fame."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Two Hollywood film versions of The Glass Menagerie have been produced."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He and Laura share a quiet dance, in which he accidentally brushes against her glass menagerie, knocking a glass unicorn to the floor and breaking off its horn."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "The story is also written from narrator Tom Wingfield, and many of his soliloquies from The Glass Menagerie seem lifted straight from this original."
},
{
"section_header": "Later stage productions",
"text": "In October 2016, it was announced that The Glass Menagerie would be returning to the West End, opening in February 2017 at the Duke of York's Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Later stage productions",
"text": "Calista Flockhart played Laura in her Broadway debut."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play premiered in Chicago in 1944."
}
] |
The Glass Menagerie was played for the First time in Broadway.
| 1 | 6 |
The Glass Menagerie
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Booking.com was formed when bookings.nl, founded in 1996 by Geert-Jan Bruinsma, merged in 2000 with Bookings Online, founded by Sicco and Alec Behrens, Marijn Muyser and Bas Lemmens, which operated as Bookings.org."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is owned and operated by and is the primary revenue source of United States-based Booking Holdings and is headquartered in Amsterdam."
}
] |
RlQzSatANC3gFZTqNaGC
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "This acquisition was praised by some social media as “the best acquisition in Internet history” since no other acquisition in the digital travel market had been shown to be as profitable."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The integrations of Booking.com and Active Hotels successfully helped the parent improve its financial position from a loss of $19 million in 2002 to $1.1 billion in profit in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies and criticism | Allegations of market dominance",
"text": "In April 2015, The European Union warned that Booking.com is one of several internet firms that may have reached market dominance beyond the point of no return."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Booking.com was formed when bookings.nl, founded in 1996 by Geert-Jan Bruinsma, merged in 2000 with Bookings Online, founded by Sicco and Alec Behrens, Marijn Muyser and Bas Lemmens, which operated as Bookings.org."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In July 2005, the company was acquired by Priceline Group (now called Booking Holdings) for $133 million, and later it cooperated with ActiveHotels.com, a European online hotel reservation company, purchased by Priceline Group 9 months earlier for $161 million in Sept 2004.In 2006, Active Hotels Limited officially changed its name to Booking.com Limited."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is owned and operated by and is the primary revenue source of United States-based Booking Holdings and is headquartered in Amsterdam."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Operation | Applications development",
"text": "In October 2012, the company launched its first app for Microsoft Windows, using Windows 8.In October 2012, the company updated the version of the iPhone app with a new function, Passbook."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies and criticism | Brand hijacking accusations by German hotelier",
"text": "In February 2015, an open letter published by German hotelier Marco Nussbaum, co-founder and CEO of the \"prizeotel\" budget-design hotel brand, was highly critical of Booking.com's \"brand hijacking\" activity."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies and criticism | Violations of Turkish competition law",
"text": "In March 2017, a Turkish court halted activities of Booking.com due to a violation of Turkish competition law."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The name and URL were changed to Booking.com and"
}
] |
Booking.com, formerly Bookings.org, has its headquarters in New York merged with Active Hotels to be one of the most profitable acquisition in internet history.
| 0 | 0 |
Booking.com
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918, speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson."
}
] |
RlWIj9dGIxMSs8joXJVY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Speech",
"text": "Wilson subsequently used the Fourteen Points as the basis for negotiating the Treaty of Versailles, which ended the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Allies",
"text": "After the speech, Colonel House worked to secure the acceptance of the Fourteen Points by Entente leaders."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Allies",
"text": "On October 16, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson and Sir William Wiseman, the head of British intelligence in America, had an interview."
},
{
"section_header": "Text",
"text": "In his speech to Congress, President Wilson declared fourteen points which he regarded as the only possible basis of an enduring peace."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918, speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson."
},
{
"section_header": "Speech",
"text": "The speech, known as the Fourteen Points, was developed from a set of diplomatic points by Wilson and territorial points drafted by the Inquiry's general secretary, Walter Lippmann, and his colleagues, Isaiah Bowman, Sidney Mezes, and David Hunter Miller."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | Central Powers",
"text": "Indeed, in a note sent to Wilson by Prince Maximilian of Baden, the German imperial chancellor, in October 1918 requested an immediate armistice and peace negotiations on the basis of the Fourteen Points."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction | United States",
"text": "Most of these fourteen points... would be interpreted... to mean anything or nothing.\"Senator"
},
{
"section_header": "Treaty of Versailles",
"text": "President Wilson became physically ill at the beginning of the Paris Peace Conference, giving way to French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau to advance demands that were substantially different from Wilson's Fourteen Points."
}
] |
The Fourteen Points were written and presented to U.S political leaders by Woodrow Wilson
| 3 | 4 |
Fourteen Points
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although he often referred to himself as an American composer, he kept his Italian citizenship."
}
] |
Rm3bWWzsxQhcWIJ1BWyJ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "She took Gian Carlo with her, and in 1928 she enrolled him at Philadelphia's Curtis Institute of Music, but she returned to Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gian Carlo Menotti (, Italian: [dʒaŋ ˈkarlo meˈnɔtti]; July 7, 1911 – February 1, 2007) was an Italian-American composer and librettist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Born in Cadegliano-Viconago, Italy, near Lake Maggiore and the Swiss border, Menotti was the sixth of eight children of Alfonso and Ines Menotti, his father being a coffee merchant."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although he often referred to himself as an American composer, he kept his Italian citizenship."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "In 2010, the main theatre in Spoleto was renamed as the Teatro Nuovo Gian Carlo Menotti to honour his role as creator and spirit of the festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Armed with a letter of introduction from the wife of Arturo Toscanini, Gian Carlo studied composition at Curtis under Rosario Scalero."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "While there, he jokingly referred to himself as \"Mr McNotti\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career as composer",
"text": "The Island God (which he suppressed, though its libretto was printed by the Metropolitan Opera and can be found in many libraries) and The Last Savage were the only other operas he wrote in Italian, the rest being in English."
},
{
"section_header": "Career as composer",
"text": "His most successful works were composed in the 1940s and 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Menotti died on February 1, 2007, at the age of 95 in a hospital in Monte Carlo, Monaco, where he had a home."
}
] |
Gian Carlo Menotti was an Italian-American composer but only liked to be referred to as a composer from Italy.
| 0 | 0 |
Gian Carlo Menotti
|
History
| 10 |
[
{
"section_header": "Pursuits",
"text": "Nero studied poetry, music, painting and sculpture."
}
] |
RmEdQRLiZSvE9BcFuIBb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Pursuits",
"text": "Ancient sources were critical of Nero's emphasis on the arts, chariot-racing and athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "In Jewish and Christian tradition | Jewish tradition",
"text": "He then asked a passing child to repeat the verse he had learned that day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "On 9 June in AD 68, he committed suicide, becoming the first Roman Emperor to do so, after learning that he had been tried in absentia and condemned to death as a public enemy."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "Otho used \"Nero\" as a surname and reerected many statues to Nero."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "Vitellius overthrew Otho. Vitellius began his reign with a large funeral for Nero complete with songs written by Nero."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "It was said that the common Roman hailed Otho as Nero himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "This belief came to be known as the Nero Redivivus Legend."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "Members of the military were said to have mixed feelings, as they had allegiance to Nero, but had been bribed to overthrow him."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "According to Suetonius and Cassius Dio, the people of Rome celebrated the death of Nero."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "Champlin, however, doubts that the practice is necessarily negative and notes that some continued to create images of Nero long after his death."
},
{
"section_header": "Pursuits",
"text": "Nero studied poetry, music, painting and sculpture."
}
] |
Nero did learn about arts.
| 2 | 10 |
Nero
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "José de la Caridad Méndez (March 19, 1887 – October 31, 1928) was a Cuban right-handed pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro Leagues."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was one of the first group of players elected to the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939."
}
] |
RmMZkOGYSXKgDKYfcIcv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected to the U.S. National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was one of the first group of players elected to the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "He played with several other teams, including the Chicago American Giants and the Detroit Stars, before finally signing on in 1920 as playing manager with Wilkinson's Kansas City Monarchs in the new Negro National League."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "The Cincinnati Reds were visiting Havana playing the Cuban League teams, and Méndez completely dominated, pitching 25 consecutive scoreless innings in 3 appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Career pitching statistics | Pre-league play in the United States",
"text": "Negro league baseball statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference (Negro leagues) The following statistics are from a compilation by Scott Simkus of the 1909 Cuban Stars games against all competition."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "In an article in Baseball Magazine in March 1913, Ira Thomas (a catcher with the Philadelphia Athletics who had visited Havana twice) wrote the following about Méndez: Méndez is a remarkable man."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "He appeared in four games, with a 2–0 record including a shutout victory in the deciding final game."
},
{
"section_header": "Injury and recovery: 1914–1928",
"text": "During the winters, Méndez returned to pitching in the Cuban League in 1920/21."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "He pitched a 10-inning no-hitter on July 24, 1909."
},
{
"section_header": "Dominating pitcher: 1908–1914",
"text": "In 1907 Méndez was discovered by Bebé Royer of the Almendares team in the Cuban League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "José de la Caridad Méndez (March 19, 1887 – October 31, 1928) was a Cuban right-handed pitcher and manager in baseball's Negro Leagues."
}
] |
José Méndez helped build the Cuban Baseball Hall of Fame and was finally elected into the hall in 1940 just before his death.
| 1 | 2 |
José Méndez
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Associated Press reported in 1993 that Muhammad Ali was tied with Babe Ruth as the most recognized athletes in America."
}
] |
RnplycS0y3kDUlN3yB0Q
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Associated Press reported in 1993 that Muhammad Ali was tied with Babe Ruth as the most recognized athletes in America."
},
{
"section_header": "Cancer and death (1946–1948)",
"text": "Introduced along with his surviving teammates from 1923, Ruth used a bat as a cane."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Ruth got along well with everyone except team captain Leo Durocher, who was hired as Grimes' replacement at season's end."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor league, Baltimore Orioles",
"text": "There are various accounts of how Ruth came to be called \"Babe\", but most center on his being referred to as \"Dunnie's babe\" or a variant."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "In 2018, President Donald Trump announced that Ruth, along with Elvis Presley and Antonin Scalia, would posthumously receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Braves (1935)",
"text": "As it turned out, Fuchs and Ruppert had both known all along that Ruth's non-playing positions were meaningless."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Boston Red Sox (1914–1919) | Developing star",
"text": "There are legends—filmed for the screen in The Babe Ruth Story (1948)—that"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "If sport has become the national religion, Babe Ruth is the patron saint."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | New York Yankees (1920–1934) | \"Called shot\" and final Yankee years (1929–1934)",
"text": "The Yankees finished second, 18 games behind the Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Minor league, Baltimore Orioles",
"text": "He offered Ruth to the reigning World Series champions, Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics, but Mack had his own financial problems."
}
] |
Babe Ruth along with Muhammad Ali are the most recognized athletes.
| 2 | 5 |
Babe Ruth
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Brinton McClellan (December 3, 1826 – October 29, 1885) was an American soldier, civil engineer, railroad executive, and politician who served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey."
}
] |
RnrDyXcOeJpdxJox55RT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "Letter of the Secretary of War by George Brinton McClellan."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "The Life, Campaigns, and Public Services of General George B McClellan."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "George Brinton McClellan was born in Philadelphia, on December 3, 1826, the son of a prominent surgeon, Dr. George McClellan, the founder of Jefferson Medical College."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Western Virginia",
"text": "McClellan's first military operations were to occupy the area of western Virginia that wanted to remain in the Union and subsequently became the state of West Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Building an army",
"text": "He viewed slavery as an institution recognized in the Constitution, and entitled to federal protection wherever it existed (Lincoln held the same public position until August 1862)."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected works",
"text": "The Report of Captain George B. McClellan, One of the Officers Sent to the Seat of War in Europe, in 1855 and 1856, 1857."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "George Brinton McClellan (December 3, 1826 – October 29, 1885) was an American soldier, civil engineer, railroad executive, and politician who served as the 24th Governor of New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War | Maryland campaign",
"text": "The General had his head uncovered, and received gracefully the salutations of the people."
},
{
"section_header": "Postbellum years",
"text": "He and his family then embarked on another three-year stay in Europe (1873–75).In March 1877 the Governor of New York, Lucius Robinson, nominated McClellan to serve as the first state Superintendent of Public Works, but the New York State Senate rejected him as \"incompetent for"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "McClellan Fitness Center is a United States Army gym located at Fort Eustis, Virginia near his Peninsula Campaign."
}
] |
George Brinton McClellan held public office as the head of state in Virginia.
| 1 | 4 |
George B. McClellan
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "All four of his grandparents hailed from Louisiana."
}
] |
RoV53P471QJ8qql1bVUr
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Artistry and legacy | Influences and musicianship",
"text": "Prince also wrote songs for other artists, and some songs of his were covered by musicians, such as the hit songs \"Manic Monday” (performed by The Bangles), \"I Feel For You\", originally on Prince's self-titled second album from 1979, covered by Chaka Khan, and \"Nothing Compares 2 U\", written for Prince's side project the Family, and covered very successfully by Sinead O'Connor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After a brief period of living with his father, who bought him his first guitar, Prince moved into the basement of his neighbors, the Anderson family, after his father kicked him out."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Prince saw Michael T. Schulenberg, a Twin Cities specialist in family medicine, in Excelsior on April 7, 2016, and again on April 20."
},
{
"section_header": "Achievements",
"text": "Prince's backing band The Revolution also has a star on the mural, to the immediate right of Prince's."
},
{
"section_header": "Achievements",
"text": ", Prince's star was repainted in gold leaf during the night of May 4, 2016, about two weeks after Prince's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2016: Final albums",
"text": "Prince's penultimate album, Hit n"
},
{
"section_header": "Posthumous projects | 2017",
"text": "On July 13, the court voided Universal's deal with Prince's estate, though Universal will continue to administer Prince's songwriting credits and create merchandise."
},
{
"section_header": "Legal issues | Copyright issues",
"text": "Prince's promoter AEG stated that the only offending items on the three fansites were live shots from Prince's 21 nights in London at the O2 Arena earlier in the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1984: Beginnings and breakthrough",
"text": "The cost of recording the album was twice Prince's initial advance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1975–1984: Beginnings and breakthrough",
"text": "Prince used the Prince's Music Co. to publish his songs."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "All four of his grandparents hailed from Louisiana."
}
] |
Prince's family was from the South.
| 0 | 0 |
Prince (musician)
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | Super Bowl advertisements",
"text": "GoDaddy's 2007 Super Bowl XLI advertisement was criticized in The New York Times as being \"cheesy\"; in National Review as \"raunchy, 'Girls-Gone-Wild' style\"; and \"just sad\" by Barbara Lippert in Adweek, who gave the advertisement a \"D\" grade."
}
] |
RobTUX8kehUlBc01Cb2b
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "GoDaddy claims the ad was supposed to be funny and an attempt to make fun of all the puppies shown in Super Bowl ads."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "All ads were listed as \"Private\" on their YouTube channel."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "We hoped our ad would increase awareness of that cause."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Implementation of Selective DNS Blackout policy",
"text": "GoDaddy has refused to comment on the policy or the perception that their servers cannot handle the load or they are giving preference to their platinum level customers at first."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "On January 27, 2015 GoDaddy released its Super Bowl ad on YouTube."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Company name",
"text": "One employee said, \"How about Big Daddy?\" However, the domain name had already been purchased, so Parsons replied, \"How about Go Daddy?\" The name was available, so he bought it."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "The ad found very few fans from the online community."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "Most notably, Budweiser's famous Super Bowl ad also featured a Retriever puppy."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Animal rights | Super Bowl XLIX Puppy Ad",
"text": "Animal advocates took to social media calling the ad disgusting, callous and that the commercial advocated puppy mills."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | China domains",
"text": "GoDaddy’s top lawyer Christine Jones told Congress, “We were having to contact Chinese users to ask for their personal information and begrudgingly give it to Chinese authorities."
},
{
"section_header": "Marketing | Sports sponsorships | Super Bowl advertisements",
"text": "GoDaddy's 2007 Super Bowl XLI advertisement was criticized in The New York Times as being \"cheesy\"; in National Review as \"raunchy, 'Girls-Gone-Wild' style\"; and \"just sad\" by Barbara Lippert in Adweek, who gave the advertisement a \"D\" grade."
}
] |
There are seriously people that give letter grades to ads, and they like GoDaddy, giving one of their big sports ads an 'A'.
| 0 | 0 |
GoDaddy
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "Finley gave Hunter the nickname \"Catfish\" in 1965 because he thought his 19-year-old pitcher needed a flashy nickname."
}
] |
RpChWHZZ58L90Tv61KNf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Augustus Hunter (April 8, 1946 – September 9, 1999), nicknamed \"Catfish\", was a professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "Bob Dylan wrote the song \"Catfish\" in 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hunter has been the subject of numerous popular culture references, including the Bob Dylan song \"Catfish\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "Finley gave Hunter the nickname \"Catfish\" in 1965 because he thought his 19-year-old pitcher needed a flashy nickname."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Kansas City/Oakland Athletics",
"text": "A story circulated that Hunter's family gave him the nickname as a child when he went missing and was later found with a string of catfish; there is no truth to that explanation."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "The others were Walter Johnson (10), Lefty Grove (7), and Bob Feller (5)."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Popular culture",
"text": "the song was later released by Dylan, Joe Cocker and Kinky Friedman."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His older brothers taught him to pitch, and his pitching skill began to attract scouts from MLB teams to Hertford."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees",
"text": "Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball and highest-paid pitcher in history when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Honors",
"text": "The Jim \"Catfish\" Hunter Memorial is located in Hertford."
}
] |
Catfish Hunter was a professional MLB player that got his nickname from Bob Dylan.
| 0 | 0 |
Catfish Hunter
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although, it did not bring an end to the war, victory which would only be secured 14 more years after the battle, Bannockburn was a landmark in Scottish history."
}
] |
RpKQMX44ROYM0UtdkBUv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Robert the Bruce over the army of King Edward II of England in the First War of Scottish Independence."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "Most medieval battles were short-lived, lasting only a few hours, so the Battle of Bannockburn is unusual in that it lasted two days."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Wars of Scottish Independence between England and Scotland began in 1296 and initially the English were successful under the command of Edward I, having won victories at the Battle of Dunbar (1296) and at the Capture of Berwick (1296)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | English retreat",
"text": "Weighing the available evidence, Reese concludes that \"it seems doubtful if even a third of the foot soldiers returned to England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although, it did not bring an end to the war, victory which would only be secured 14 more years after the battle, Bannockburn was a landmark in Scottish history."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "On 23 June 1314 two English cavalry formations advanced."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "Bohun charged at Bruce and, when the two passed side by side, Bruce split Bohun's head with his axe."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, Robert de Brus's nephew, who was leader of the Scottish advanced guard, hearing that his uncle had repulsed the advanced guard of the English on the other side of the wood, thought that he must have his share, and issuing from the wood with his division marched across the open ground towards the two afore-named lords."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "The first was commanded by the Earl of Gloucester and by the Earl of Hereford."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | First day of battle",
"text": "William was killed, Thomas was taken prisoner, his horse being killed on the pikes, and he himself carried off with the Scots on foot when they marched off, having utterly routed the squadron of the said two lords."
}
] |
The Battle of Bannockburn was a two day battle that concluded the First War that gave the Scottish independence from England.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Bannockburn
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Kill a Mockingbird was Lee's only published book until Go Set a Watchman, an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird, was published on July 14, 2015."
}
] |
RpSySBWxJhGDMURfmxac
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960."
},
{
"section_header": "Biographical background and publication",
"text": "The book was published on July 11, 1960."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Play",
"text": "To underscore this sentiment, Lee demanded that a book of recipes named Calpurnia's Cookbook not be published and sold out of the Monroe County Heritage Museum."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Courage and compassion",
"text": "Charles J. Shields, who wrote the first book-length biography of Harper Lee, offers the reason for the novel's enduring popularity and impact"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "To Kill a Mockingbird was Lee's only published book until Go Set a Watchman, an earlier draft of To Kill a Mockingbird, was published on July 14, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Biographical background and publication",
"text": "Hoping to be published, Lee presented her writing in 1957 to a literary agent recommended by Capote."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Honors",
"text": "During the years immediately following the novel's publication, Harper Lee enjoyed the attention its popularity garnered her, granting interviews, visiting schools, and attending events honoring the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Social commentary and challenges",
"text": "A teaching guide for the novel published by The English Journal cautions, \"what seems wonderful or powerful to one group of students may seem degrading to another\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Harper Lee had remained famously detached from interpreting the novel since the mid-1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Social commentary and challenges",
"text": "Its publication is so closely associated with the Civil Rights Movement that many studies of the book and biographies of Harper Lee include descriptions of important moments in the movement, despite the fact that she had no direct involvement in any of them."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown."
}
] |
Harper Lee only had one book published.
| 2 | 4 |
To Kill a Mockingbird
|
Literature
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is set in the 1840s in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy."
}
] |
RpgQLhlIM6kua53J2TRf
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tom Sawyer, an orphan, lives with his Aunt Polly and his half-brother Sid in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, Missouri sometime in the 1840s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is set in the 1840s in the fictional town of St. Petersburg, inspired by Hannibal, Missouri, where Twain lived as a boy."
},
{
"section_header": "Inception",
"text": "By the time he wrote Tom Sawyer, Twain was already a successful author based on the popularity of The Innocents Abroad."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels and other works featuring Tom Sawyer",
"text": "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) Tom Sawyer Abroad (1894) Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) Tom Sawyer Abroad (1894) Tom Sawyer, Detective (1896)Tom Sawyer, the story's title character, also appears in two other uncompleted sequels: Huck and Tom Among the Indians and Tom Sawyer's Conspiracy."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Theatrical",
"text": "In 2015, the Mark Twain House and Museum selected 17-year-old Noah Altshuler (writer of Making the Move), as Mark Twain Playwright in Residence, to create a modern, meta-fictional adaptation of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer for regional and commercial production."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "The English edition was based on this corrected copy, while the illustrated American edition was based on the original manuscript."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Tom falls in love with Becky Thatcher, a new girl in town and the daughter of a prominent judge."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the novel Tom Sawyer has several adventures, often with his friend Huckleberry Finn."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Video games",
"text": "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, an action-platformer for the Nintendo Entertainment System."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and influences | Comic books",
"text": "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Capstone Publishers, 2007) — adapted by Daniel Strickland"
}
] |
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was based in a fictional town.
| 1 | 1 |
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Naval career",
"text": "From 1946 to 1953, Carter and Rosalynn lived in Virginia, Hawaii, Connecticut, New York and California, during his deployments in the Atlantic and Pacific fleets."
}
] |
Rq3hxEckAvqBAqbHULX5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was the eldest son of Bessie Lillian (née Gordy) and James Earl Carter Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "1976 presidential campaign | Democratic primary",
"text": "When Wallace proved to be a spent force, Carter swept the region."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Religion",
"text": "As president, Carter prayed several times a day, and professed that Jesus was the driving force in his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Governor of Georgia (1971–1975)",
"text": "Therefore, he negotiated a bill allowing him to propose executive restructuring and to force a vote on it."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1977–1981) | Foreign policy | Soviet Union",
"text": "The talk of a comprehensive test ban treaty materialized with the signing of the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty II by Carter and Leonid Brezhnev on June 18, 1979.In"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician, philanthropist, and former farmer who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James Earl Carter Jr. was born on October 1, 1924, at the Wise Sanitarium (now the Lillian G. Carter Nursing Center) in Plains, Georgia, a hospital where his mother was employed as a registered nurse."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency (1981–present) | Criticism of American policy",
"text": "He spoke out after the assassination attempt on Reagan, and voiced his agreement with Reagan on building neutron arms in the wake of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan."
},
{
"section_header": "Presidency (1977–1981) | Domestic policy | Deregulation",
"text": "The Civil Aeronautics Board's powers of regulation were to be phased out, eventually allowing market forces to determine routes and fares."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II), and the return of the Panama Canal Zone to Panama."
},
{
"section_header": "Naval career",
"text": "From 1946 to 1953, Carter and Rosalynn lived in Virginia, Hawaii, Connecticut, New York and California, during his deployments in the Atlantic and Pacific fleets."
}
] |
James Carter was in the Armed Forces.
| 1 | 3 |
Jimmy Carter
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Cold Blood is a non-fiction novel by American author Truman Capote, first published in 1966; it details the 1959 murders of four members of the Herbert Clutter family in the small farming community of Holcomb, Kansas."
}
] |
Rq8CF7ZgWSWjJHovq8lJ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Cold Blood has been lauded for its eloquent prose, extensive detail, and triple narrative which describes the lives of the murderers, the victims, and other members of the rural community in alternating sequences."
},
{
"section_header": "Capote's research | Veracity",
"text": "In Cold Blood brought Capote much praise from the literary community."
},
{
"section_header": "Reviews and impact",
"text": "Its characters pulse with recognisable life; its places are palpable."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Cold Blood was an instant success and is the second-best-selling true crime book in history, behind Vincent Bugliosi's Helter Skelter (1974) about the Charles Manson murders."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "In Cold Blood was first published in book form by Random House on January 17, 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Parts of the book differ from the real events, including important details."
},
{
"section_header": "Coverage and public discussion",
"text": "Inspired by that article, Truman Capote wrote, in 1965 serialized in The New Yorker, and in 1966 published as a \"non-fiction novel\", titled In Cold Blood, a true-crime book that detailed the murders and trial."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Cold Blood is a non-fiction novel by American author Truman Capote, first published in 1966; it details the 1959 murders of four members of the Herbert Clutter family in the small farming community of Holcomb, Kansas."
},
{
"section_header": "Capote's research | Veracity",
"text": "Alvin Dewey was the lead investigator portrayed in In Cold Blood, and he said that the scene in which he visits the Clutters' graves was Capote's invention."
},
{
"section_header": "Crime",
"text": "Hickock soon hatched the idea to steal the safe and start a new life in Mexico."
}
] |
In Cold Blood is based on a real life murder.
| 0 | 0 |
In Cold Blood
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story is set in Middle-earth sixty years before the main events of The Lord of the Rings, and portions of the film are adapted from the appendices to Tolkien's The Return of the King."
}
] |
RqFN4HIscoiszSZx7iEA
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The Hobbit films were produced back to back, like The Lord of the Rings films."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "The characters of Galadriel, Saruman, and Frodo Baggins appear in the novel The Lord of the Rings, but not in the novel The Hobbit. (Radagast was also dropped from the film version of Lord of the Rings, merely being mentioned in passing)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is followed by The Desolation of Smaug (2013) and The Battle of the Five Armies (2014), and together, they act as a prequel to Jackson's The Lord of the Rings film trilogy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story is set in Middle-earth sixty years before the main events of The Lord of the Rings, and portions of the film are adapted from the appendices to Tolkien's The Return of the King."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "A film adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's novel The Hobbit (1937) was in development for several years after the critical and financial success of The Lord of the Rings film trilogy (2001–2003), co-written, co-produced, and directed by Peter Jackson."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The main contention of debate was regarding the film's length, its controversial High Frame Rate, and whether or not the film matched the level of expectation built from The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, while the film's visual style, special effects, music score, and cast were praised, especially the performances of Martin Freeman, Ian McKellen, Richard Armitage, and Andy Serkis."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "An Unexpected Journey led the nominations at the 39th Saturn Awards with nine, more than The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring which earned eight nominations at the time of its release."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film grossed over $1.021 billion at the box office, surpassing both The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers nominally, becoming the fourth highest-grossing film of 2012 and the 45th highest-grossing film of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "Gandalf, Gollum, Bilbo Baggins, Elrond and the Necromancer appear in both novels, although the latter is referred to in Lord of the Rings as Sauron."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Score",
"text": "The score reprised many themes from the Lord of the Rings trilogy but also introduced numerous new themes, including Shore's orchestral setting of the diegetic \"Misty Mountains\" song."
}
] |
The film is a sequel to the Lord of the Rings films.
| 0 | 0 |
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was posthumously honored by Jamaica soon after his death with a designated Order of Merit by his nation."
}
] |
RqPDw130nHvdX2BtlbDM
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1974–76: Line-up changes and shooting",
"text": "Nonetheless, the concert proceeded, and an injured Marley performed as scheduled, two days after the attempt."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "Bob Marley's full name is Robert Nesta Marley, though some sources give his birth name as Nesta Robert Marley, with a story that when Marley was still a boy a Jamaican passport official reversed his first and middle names because Nesta sounded like a girl's name."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1974–76: Line-up changes and shooting",
"text": "When asked why, Marley responded, \"The people who are trying to make this world worse aren't taking a day off."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1979–81: Later years",
"text": "In early 1980, he was invited to perform at 17 April celebration of Zimbabwe's Independence Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was posthumously honored by Jamaica soon after his death with a designated Order of Merit by his nation."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "Just two days earlier he had collapsed during a jogging tour in Central Park and was brought to the hospital where he learned that his cancer had spread to his brain."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1962–72: Early years",
"text": "A three-day jam session with Norman and others, including Norman's co-writer Al Pyfrom, resulted in a 24-minute tape of Marley performing several of his own and Norman-Pyfrom's compositions."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical career | 1974–76: Line-up changes and shooting",
"text": "On 3 December 1976, two days before \"Smile Jamaica\", a free concert organised by the Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley in an attempt to ease tension between two warring political groups, Marley, his wife, and manager Don Taylor were wounded in an assault by unknown gunmen inside Marley's home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1977, Marley was diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma; he died as a result of the illness in 1981."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and career",
"text": "In 1955, when Bob Marley was 10 years old, his father died of a heart attack at the age of 70."
}
] |
Robert "Bob" Marley Day, the day of his birth, was declared to be a national holiday in Jamaica after he died.
| 0 | 0 |
Bob Marley
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids (and thus proteins), in the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate."
}
] |
RqhDC8yQwMA8UjHxg6b6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "Nitrogen is one of the most important elements in organic chemistry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nitrogen occurs in all organisms, primarily in amino acids (and thus proteins), in the nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and in the energy transfer molecule adenosine triphosphate."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Atomic",
"text": "Thus, for example, nitrogen occurs as diatomic molecules and therefore has"
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Oxoacids, oxoanions, and oxoacid salts",
"text": "They are an intermediate step in the oxidation of ammonia to nitrite, which occurs in the nitrogen cycle."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Allotropes",
"text": "Given the great reactivity of atomic nitrogen, elemental nitrogen usually occurs as molecular N2, dinitrogen."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Organic nitrogen compounds",
"text": "Many organic functional groups involve a carbon–nitrogen bond, such as amides (RCONR2), amines (R3N), imines (RC(=NR)R), imides (RCO)2NR, azides (RN3), azo compounds (RN2R), cyanates and isocyanates (ROCN or RCNO), nitrates (RONO2), nitriles and isonitriles (RCN or RNC), nitrites (RONO), nitro compounds (RNO2), nitroso compounds (RNO), oximes (RCR=NOH), and pyridine derivatives."
},
{
"section_header": "Occurrence",
"text": "Nitrogen compounds constantly interchange between the atmosphere and living organisms."
},
{
"section_header": "Chemistry and compounds | Oxoacids, oxoanions, and oxoacid salts",
"text": "base-catalysed decomposition occurs via [HONNO]− to nitrous oxide and the hydroxide anion."
},
{
"section_header": "Properties | Atomic",
"text": "Nor does it occur with oxygen, since the increased nuclear charge is sufficient to overcome inter-electron repulsion effects."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The nitrogen cycle describes movement of the element from the air, into the biosphere and organic compounds, then back into the atmosphere."
}
] |
Nitrogen only occurs in some organisms.
| 0 | 0 |
Nitrogen
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Chance was also elected to the Fresno County Athletic Hall of Fame's first class, in 1959.A baseball field in Fresno named after Chance operated from 1935 to 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Joe DiMaggio played in the first-ever game at Frank Chance Field."
}
] |
RqlWF0vQTQ6OKI2stMHn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Chance had a .310 batting average in 1904, good for sixth place in the NL."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Later career",
"text": "Powers and Chance remained good friends for the rest of his life."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | New York Yankees",
"text": "The Yankees sat in last place on the next-to-last day of the 1913 season, but won their final game to finish in seventh place."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Chance also hit six home runs, tying him with Dan McGann, Red Dooin, and Cozy Dolan for third place, his 42 stolen bases tied McGann for fourth place, and his 89 runs scored were seventh-best."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Joe DiMaggio played in the first-ever game at Frank Chance Field."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "created the Frank L. Chance Research Fellowship Foundation in his memory."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Frank Leroy Chance (September 9, 1877 – September 15, 1924) was an American professional baseball player."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "As Bill Hanlon, the Cubs' first baseman, left the team, manager Frank Selee moved Chance to first base."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | New York Yankees",
"text": "After this was accepted by team owner Frank J. Farrell, Chance resigned with three weeks remaining in the season, and Peckinpaugh served as player–manager for the remainder of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Returning to college the next year, Chance led his team to a third-place finish in an amateur tournament of 50 teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Chance was also elected to the Fresno County Athletic Hall of Fame's first class, in 1959.A baseball field in Fresno named after Chance operated from 1935 to 1941."
}
] |
Frank Chance did such good baseball that a place of baseballing was entitled after him in the 30's.
| 2 | 2 |
Frank Chance
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Retirement and death",
"text": "He had been playing with fireworks when one went off in his closed fist."
}
] |
RrDRXTvDgFKxSS9qwJlk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Historian R. Hal Williams was working on a new biography of Blaine, tentatively titled James G. Blaine: A Life in Politics, until his death in 2016."
},
{
"section_header": "1884 presidential election | Campaign against Cleveland",
"text": "On some of the most damaging correspondence, Blaine had written \"Burn this letter,\" giving Democrats the last line to their rallying cry: \"Blaine, Blaine, James G. Blaine, the continental liar from the state of Maine, 'Burn this letter!'\"To counter"
},
{
"section_header": "1876 presidential election | Plumed Knight",
"text": "Blaine was nominated by Illinois orator Robert G. Ingersoll in what became a famous speech: This is a grand year—a year filled with recollections of the Revolution ... a year in which the people call for the man who has torn from the throat of treason the tongue of slander, the man who has snatched the mask of Democracy from the hideous face of rebellion ... Like an armed warrior, like a plumed knight, James G. Blaine from the state of Maine marched down the halls of the American Congress and threw his shining lance full and fair against the brazen foreheads of every traitor to his country and every maligner of his fair reputation."
},
{
"section_header": "House of Representatives, 1863–1876 | Blaine Amendment",
"text": "The bill passed the House but failed in the Senate."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State, 1889–92 | Relations with European powers",
"text": "A dispute over seal hunting in the waters off Alaska was the cause of Blaine's first interaction with Britain as Harrison's Secretary of State."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State, 1889–92 | Latin America and reciprocity",
"text": "When the news reached Washington, Blaine was in Bar Harbor recuperating from a bout of ill health and"
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement and death",
"text": "Blaine had always believed his health to be fragile, and by the time he joined Harrison's cabinet he truly was unwell."
},
{
"section_header": "1884 presidential election | Campaign against Cleveland",
"text": "At the same time, Democratic operatives accused Blaine and his wife of not having been married when their eldest son, Stanwood, was born in 1851; this rumor was false, however, and caused little excitement in the campaign."
},
{
"section_header": "Secretary of State, 1881 | Private life",
"text": "Blaine appeared before Congress in 1882 during an investigation into his War of the Pacific diplomacy, defending himself against allegations that he owned an interest in the Peruvian guano deposits being occupied by Chile, but otherwise stayed away from the Capitol."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement and death",
"text": "With these family issues and his declining health, Blaine decided to retire and announced that he would resign from the cabinet on June 4, 1892."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement and death",
"text": "He had been playing with fireworks when one went off in his closed fist."
}
] |
James G. Blaine passed away from falling because of firecracker accident that caused his health to deteriorate.
| 2 | 2 |
James G. Blaine
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Children",
"text": "Wonder has nine children by five different women."
}
] |
RrizQZ4ZELorP9JvQv6i
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and recognition | Honorary degrees",
"text": "Stevie Wonder has received many honorary degrees in recognition of his music career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1961–1969: Sixties singles",
"text": "Before signing, producer Clarence Paul gave him the name Little Stevie Wonder."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970–1979: Seventies albums and classic period",
"text": "He also co-wrote and produced the Syreeta Wright album Stevie Wonder Presents: Syreeta."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980–1990: Commercial period",
"text": "\"It's You\" with Stevie and a few songs of her own."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Blind since shortly after his birth, Wonder was a child prodigy known as Little Stevie Wonder, leading him to sign with Motown's Tamla label at the age of 11."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1961–1969: Sixties singles",
"text": "In 1969 Stevie Wonder participated in the Sanremo Music Festival with the song \"Se tu ragazza mia\", in conjunction with Gabriella Ferri."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1961–1969: Sixties singles",
"text": "The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie was recorded next, an instrumental album consisting mainly of Paul's compositions, two of which, \"Wondering\" and \"Session Number 112\", were co-written with Wonder."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1961–1969: Sixties singles",
"text": "he recorded an album of instrumental soul/jazz tracks, mostly harmonica solos, under the title Eivets Rednow, which is \"Stevie Wonder\" spelled backward."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "When people in decades and centuries to come talk about the history of music, they will talk about Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Ray Charles and Stevie Wonder [...]"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stevland Hardaway Morris (né Judkins; born May 13, 1950), known professionally as Stevie Wonder, is an American singer, songwriter, musician and record producer."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Children",
"text": "Wonder has nine children by five different women."
}
] |
Stevie Wonder has 9 kids.
| 0 | 0 |
Stevie Wonder
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hitler married Eva Braun there on 29 April 1945, less than 40 hours before they committed suicide."
}
] |
RsDGBTokdZt81Ix4Gtdb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Hitler shot himself in the Führerbunker that afternoon, and Braun took cyanide."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Hitler married Eva Braun after midnight on 28–29 April in a small civil ceremony within the Führerbunker."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Eva Braun and Joseph Goebbels joined them in April, while Magda Goebbels and their six children took residence in the upper Vorbunker."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hitler married Eva Braun there on 29 April 1945, less than 40 hours before they committed suicide."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "Later that morning, Weidling informed Hitler that the defenders would probably exhaust their ammunition that night and again asked him for permission to break out."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Hitler took up residence in the Führerbunker on 16 January 1945, and it became the centre of the Nazi regime until the last week of World War II in Europe."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "2 May. The bodies of Goebbels' six children were discovered on"
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "\"SS -Brigadeführer Wilhelm Mohnke, commander of the centre government district of Berlin, informed Hitler during the morning of 30 April that he would be able to hold for less than two days."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-war events",
"text": "Hitler's bodyguard, Rochus Misch, one of the last people living who was in the bunker at the time of Hitler's suicide, was on hand for the ceremony."
},
{
"section_header": "Events in 1945",
"text": "On the same day, General Hans Krebs made his last telephone call from the Führerbunker to Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel, Chief of German Armed Forces High Command (OKW) in Fürstenberg."
}
] |
Hitler and Eva Braun were wed in the Führerbunker and took their own lives almost 2 days later.
| 2 | 4 |
Führerbunker
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
}
] |
RssZru15xnsUA9WHLAbv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "When Adam was 17, his father relented and he was permitted to study at the Paris Conservatoire, but only after he promised that he would learn music only as an amusement, not as a career."
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "List of operas by Adolphe Adam"
},
{
"section_header": "Works",
"text": "List of ballets by Adolphe Adam."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adam also played the timpani in the orchestra of the Conservatoire; however, he did not win the Prix de Rome and his father did not encourage him to pursue a music career, as he won second prize."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adolphe Charles Adam (French: [adɔlf adɑ̃]; 24 July 1803 – 3 May 1856) was a French composer and music critic."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career",
"text": "As a child, Adolphe Adam preferred to improvise music on his own rather than study music seriously and occasionally truanted with writer Eugène Sue who was also something of a dunce in early years."
}
] |
Adolphe Adam's father was an instructor.
| 0 | 0 |
Adolphe Adam
|
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