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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.%20Herman%20Magnuson
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E. Herman Magnuson
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Earnest Herman Magnuson (October 9, 1894 – July 15, 1955) was an American politician from New York.
Life
He was born on October 9, 1894, in Halmstad, Sweden. The family emigrated to the United States in 1901, and settled in Wilcox, Pennsylvania. In 1907, they removed to Jamestown, Chautauqua County, New York. He engaged in the insurance business and entered politics as a Republican.
Magnuson was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1941 until his death in 1955, sitting in the 163rd, 164th, 165th, 166th, 167th, 168th, 169th and 170th New York State Legislatures.
He died suddenly on July 15, 1955, while on vacation in Visby, Gotland, Sweden; and was buried at the Lake View Cemetery in Jamestown.
Sources
1894 births
1955 deaths
Politicians from Jamestown, New York
New York (state) Republicans
Members of the New York State Assembly
People from Halmstad
Swedish emigrants to the United States
20th-century American politicians
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37338812
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NA-42%20%28Tribal%20Area-III%29
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NA-42 (Tribal Area-III)
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NA-42 (Tribal Area-III) () is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan comprising Mohmand District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It was renumbered from NA-36 to NA-42 in the 2018 delimitations.
Members of Parliament
2002–2018: NA-36 (Tribal Area I)
Since 2018: NA-42 (Tribal Area-III)
Election 2002
General elections were held on 10 Oct 2002. Maulana Ghulam Muhammad Sadiq an Independent candidate won by 16,358 votes.
Election 2008
The result of general election 2008 in this constituency is given below.
Result
Bilal Rehman succeeded in the election 2008 and became the member of National Assembly.
Election 2013
General elections were held on 11 May 2013. Bilal Rehman an Independent candidate won by 9,005 votes and became the member of National Assembly.
Election 2018
General elections were held on 25 July 2018.
See also
NA-41 (Tribal Area-II)
NA-43 (Tribal Area-IV)
References
External links
Election result's official website
42
42
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40408177
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball%20at%20the%201979%20Pan%20American%20Games
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Baseball at the 1979 Pan American Games
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Baseball competitions at the 1979 Pan American Games in San Juan, Puerto Rico were held on July 2nd–12th. The venues for the competition were the Juan Ramón Loubriel Stadium, the Guaynabo Municipal Stadium and the Parque Yldefonso Solá Morales.
Cuba entered the competition as the two-time defending champions, having won the gold medal in 1971 and 1975. They successfully defended their title, with the Dominican Republic finishing second.
Medalists
Results
The tournament consisted of a single round-robin group where all nine teams played each other once. Medals were awarded to the top three teams in the group at the end of the tournament.
References
1979 Pan American Games
1979
Pan American Games
1979 Pan American Games
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1769709
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangpa%20Kagyu
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Shangpa Kagyu
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The Shangpa Kagyu (, "Oral Tradition of the man from Shang") is known as the "secret lineage" of the Kagyu school of Vajrayana or Tibetan Buddhism and differs in origin from the better known Dagpo Kagyu schools. The Dagpo Kagyu are the lineage of Tilopa through his student Naropa, often traced through Naropa's famous student Marpa Lotsawa and thus called "Marpa Kagyu", while the Shangpa lineage descends from Tilopa's student Niguma, who was Naropa's sister, as well as from the teachings of Sukhasiddhi. Its founder was Khyungpo Naljor, the student of both women, whose monastery in the Shang Valley gave its name to the tradition.
The principal Shangpa dharmapala is the six-armed Mahākāla.
The Shangpa tradition was revitalized in the 20th century by the first Kalu Rinpoche, who had many students both in Tibet and in the West.
Origins
The Shangpa Kagyu lineage was founded by the eleventh-century Tibetan scholar Khyungpo Naljor. Seeking to increase his understanding of the teachings he received in Tibet, he traveled to India, where he met the female mystic yogini, Niguma. (Vajradhara Niguma is the full Tibetan name of the Indian yogini Vimalashri. He received many teachings from her; in particular, the teachings of a special tradition of Mahamudra and the Six Yogas of Niguma, which are similar but not identical to the Six Dharmas of Naropa.
Khyungpo Naljor was a Tibetan yogi and Bonpo and Niguma's most famous disciple. He was the only one to whom she imparted her most secret teachings. He also met and studied with the dakini Sukhasiddhi, another female mystic and student of the mahasiddha Virūpa, as well as Vajrāsana, Maitripada, Rāhula, and others.
Thang Tong Gyalpo was another famous yogi instructed by Niguma in a vision. He started his own religious tradition () within the Shangpa Kagyu lineage.
On his return to Tibet, Khyungpo Naljor established a monastery at Shang in Tsang. This was his main seat, and he became known as the Lama of Shang. Although he was reputed to have founded hundreds of monasteries and had thousands of students, he passed the teachings of Niguma to only one of his students, Mochok Rinchen Tsondru. The Shangpa lineage is often referred to as the "secret lineage" because Niguma instructed Khyungpo Neljor to transmit the teachings to only one student for the first seven generations beginning with Vajradhara and Niguma.
From Mochok Rinchen Tsondru, the lineage was passed to Kyergang Chokyi Senge, Nyenton Rigung Chokyi Sherab, and Songjay Tenpa Tsondru Senge. These first seven teachings are known as the Seven Great Jewels of the Shangpa tradition. Songjay Tenpa was the first teacher who gave these instructions to more than one of his disciples, and from this point on, several different lines of transmission developed. The intention for keeping the lineage secret in this fashion was to protect it from becoming an established monastic tradition. As one of the more esoteric traditions, it was meant to be practiced rather than codified.
Although the Shangpa teachings were highly regarded and were assimilated by many schools, the tradition itself ceased to exist as an independent school with the dissolution of the Jonangpas in the 17th century. However, its teachings were still practiced and transmitted. In the 19th century Jamgon Kongtrul gathered together the surviving transmissions and ensured their continued survival by including them in his Treasury of Key Instructions.
The lineage transmission has also been incorporated into the Sakya school and other Kagyu schools. Je Tsongkhapa, who founded the Gelug school, was also versed in the doctrine of the Shangpa Kagyu.
Modern lineage holders
In the west, the principal teacher of the Shangpa Kagyu lineage was the first Kalu Rinpoche. He received the lineage teachings in the early 1940s when he went for training at Tsa Tsa Monastery in Eastern Tibet. He trained with the Abbot of the monastery, the 8th Tsa Tsa Drubgen, Yizhin Norbu, also called Karma Singhe and the White Crown Master. The Karma Kagyu regent Tai Situpa described Yizhin Norbu as “one of the most learned and accomplished Kagyu masters now living.”
There, Kalu Rinpoche received the complete cycle of the Shangpa teachings during a closed retreat. Tsa Tsa monastery is also a major Dakpo Kagyu Centre and preserves the Rimé movement. The Tsa Tsa Drubgen Yizhin Norbu died in the middle of June, 2005. The Shangpa traditions are currently held by his regent and successor the second Gyalten Thongwa Rangdrol.
After the first Kalu Rinpoche died his student Bokar Tulku Rinpoche became the main lineage holder. After Bokar Tulku Rinpoche died, Yangsi Kalu, a young tulku who finished a Shangpa three-year retreat in September 2008, became the holder of the seat of the lineage (the monastery of Sonada in northern India). The other current holders of the Shangpa lineage are the lamas who have been entrusted by Vajradhara Kalu Rangjung Künchab, for example Norlha Rinpoche, Denys Rinpoche, as well as Ven Mogchok Rinpoche currently living and teaching in France. A list of Kalu Rangjung Kunchab contemporary heirs is available on Shangpa Resource center web Site
Wangchen Rinpoche is a current lineage holder, who was recognized by Dorje Chang Kalu Rinpoche as “Kalu the Younger”, his meditation companion in Tibet.
Practice and doctrine
There are many unique teachings in the Shangpa tradition, but the most important are "The Five Golden Teachings", also called the Five Golden Doctrines of the Shangpas (), a group of teachings envisioned as forming a tree,.
The innermost teachings are the "Six Yogas of Niguma" or more properly called "Six Dharmas of Niguma" (), which are very similar to the Six Yogas of Naropa practiced by the Dagpo schools. The Six Dharmas of Niguma include the teachings on tummo (inner fire), illusory body yoga, dream yoga, clear light yoga (sheer clarity), phowa (consciousness transference), and bardo (the intermediary state between death and birth) yoga.
The next tier includes "The Locket Tradition of Mahamudra" which combines the mahamudra teachings of Niguma, Maitripa, and Sukhasiddhi.
The teachings on the three methods of carrying one's understanding from meditation into daily activities.
The practice of development and completion with the white and red dakinis.
The teaching of the deathless nature of mind and body.
See also
Kyabje Kalu Rinpoche
Shangpa-Kagyü Resource Center
References
Further reading
Sarah Harding Niguma, Lady of Illusion (Tsadra Foundation). Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications (2012).
Jamgon Kongtrul Timeless Rapture: Inspired Verses of the Shangpa Masters. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications (2004).
Kapstein, Matthew “The Shangs-pa bKa'-brgyud: an unknown school of Tibetan Buddhism” in M. Aris and Aung San Suu Kyi (eds.), Studies in Honor of Hugh Richardson Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1980, pp. 138–44.
Kapstein, Matthew “The Illusion of Spiritual Progress”, in Robert Buswell, ed., Paths to Liberation, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1992. pp. 193–224
Riggs, Nicole (2000) Like An Illusion: Lives of the Shangpa Kagyu Masters Dharma Cloud Press, Oregon. .
2nd Dalai Lama. Tantric Yogas of Sister Niguma, Snow Lion Publications, 1st ed. U. edition (May 1985), (10), (13)
External links
The Palden Shangpa Kagyu Website - Dedicated to the Shangpa Kagyu lineage.
Samdrub Darjay Choling Monastery - Home monastery in Sonada, India
Kagyu Dzamling Kunchab, New York, NY, USA - Founded by Kyabje Dorje Chang Kalu Rinpoche, his Eastern Seat in the USA
Chinese article
Karmaling - a French center that follows the Shangpa Kagyu lineage
Shangpa (Kagyud)@khandro.net
Shangpa Kagyu
Kagyu lineages
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Grayson
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Victoria Grayson
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Victoria Eleanor Grayson (née Victoria Eleanor Harper) is the main antagonist of the ABC television series Revenge. She is portrayed by Madeleine Stowe.
Stowe's portrayal of the character has received critical praise. She has been nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama.
Personality
Victoria Grayson, considered by many Hamptonites as "the Queen of the Hamptons," with a net worth of $1 billion, is the glamorous and powerful matriarch of the Grayson family. Beneath her glamorous public face, however, she is a cold, ruthless manipulator and murderer who will stop at nothing to protect her social status, and who will eliminate anyone who gets in her way.
Early life
Victoria was born to wealthy parents Maxwell and Marion Harper. Maxwell walked out on his family, leaving Marion to raise their child alone and penniless. Marion killed her subsequent boyfriend Thomas, and manipulated the 15-year-old Victoria into taking the blame, claiming self-defense. Victoria then spent the next several months in a mental hospital. Upon getting out, Victoria unknowingly reconnected with her father, who she believed to be another one of her mother's boyfriends, and was manipulated by him into an incestuous relationship. When she tried to end it, he sexually assaulted her. Marion blamed her for her own rape, and threw her out of the house. To stay off the street, Victoria became friends with a man named Jimmy Brennan, who eventually raped her and got her pregnant. She gave birth to a son, Patrick, whom she gave up for adoption when she was accepted into a prestigious school in Paris. There, she began a relationship with a man named Pascal LeMarchal, who ended up cheating on her. Upon returning to the U.S., she ran an art forgery scam with her boyfriend Dominik, yet soon abandoned him to seduce the wealthy Conrad Grayson. Conrad was married to his wife Stevie at the time, who was struggling with alcoholism. While Stevie was in rehab, Victoria faked a pregnancy to pressure Conrad into divorcing his wife and marrying her.
Although she succeeded in obtaining a life of wealth and status, Victoria's marriage to Conrad was a loveless one. However in spite of this, their son Daniel was the highlight of Victoria's life. She fell in love with her neighbor David Clarke, who worked for Conrad's company Grayson Global and had a daughter of his own named Amanda. Fearing that Conrad would find out about her affair with David and leave her with nothing, Victoria framed David for money laundering in connection with a terrorist attack that brought down Flight 197, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of passengers. David was sentenced to life in prison, while Amanda was sent to the foster care system. Victoria, all the while, paid off her and Conrad's conspirators to ensure Amanda would remain locked up until the age of 18. Shortly after, Victoria realized she was pregnant with David's child, so she lured Conrad into bed to make him believe that the child was his. She named the baby girl Charlotte after David's favorite aunt. Years later, Amanda dedicates herself to avenging her family; to that end, she reinvents herself as Emily Thorne and embarks upon an intricate scheme to ruin Victoria's life.
Overview
Conrad Grayson, Victoria's husband, hints that she comes from a working-class background. She faked her pregnancy to get the wealthy Conrad to marry her. Several flashbacks and conversations reveal that she had an affair with David Clarke, the man that she and her husband framed for a plane crash. After David Clarke was convicted, Victoria went to prosecutor Kingsley to admit her role in his framing. Conrad stopped her. He promised Kingsley unbridled political support. Another flashback reveals that she was responsible for having Amanda Clarke institutionalized by promising the court-appointed psychiatrist, Dr. Michelle Banks, her own private practice with a steady stream of wealthy clients.
Season 1
In the episode "Pilot" Victoria learns of Conrad's affair with her best friend, Lydia Davis. Emily Thorne tampers with Conrad's room service meal at the South Fork Inn, where Conrad and Lydia secretly chose to meet. After having a sexual affair with Lydia and eating soup, Conrad has stomach pains and is in need of emergency medical attention.
Victoria rushes to the hospital thinking that Conrad is in a serious condition. Victoria then notices a South Fork Inn robe in the hospital bed and fiercely says, "Don't do it again" to her husband.
Emily mentions seeing Lydia outside the South Fork Inn and helps Victoria realize that Lydia is sleeping with Conrad. Victoria makes a beautiful speech and tells the crowd that Lydia has won the art auction. However, Victoria sends Lydia home with the Van Gogh "as a reminder of the friendship they shared."
In the episode "Trust" Victoria begins to suspect that Emily is not who she says she is. Victoria asks Frank Stevens to find information about Emily's past, in order to protect her son Daniel.
In the episode "Betrayal" the Grayson family goes to Senator Tom Kingsley. Victoria remembers when she was in love with David Clarke and the fact that he would be convicted. She revealed evidence to Kingsley exonerating David, however, Kingsley had ignored it when Conrad offered to support his political ambitions. In the present, during dinner with Victoria, Conrad, his wife, and a staffer, Kingsley receives two video e-mails showing him with his now-former mistress, Erin, whom he had given money for an abortion. Victoria throws a fundraiser for him and a still-pregnant Erin, appears smiling happily. The political speech on his computer tablet becomes an announcement of his retirement from public life.
In the episode "Duplicity" Emily's next target is Dr. Michelle Banks, a psychologist who kept her at a mental hospital. Emily publicly shows recorded video clips of meetings with Banks' patients, one of which shows Victoria saying that she sometimes wishes that her daughter, Charlotte, had not been born. Charlotte sees the video and leaves the house. Victoria is furious and threatens Dr. Banks, who later disappears.
In the episode "Guilt" Victoria gets upset when she learns that Conrad is helping Lydia. Lydia returns to the Hamptons hoping to expose Emily and get her life back. Later Victoria is seated next to a woman who lost her family in the plane crash. She learns that Lydia's introduction speech will expose the Graysons' involvement in the plane crash. To prevent this from happening, Victoria comes to Lydia and says nice things so Lydia won't do it and she doesn't expose any of Victoria's crimes.
In the episode "Charade" Ryan Huntley, an attorney, approaches Victoria regarding her divorce from Conrad. Huntley has some conditions for his new client, such as financial transparency and Victoria's full support to do whatever is necessary to take Conrad down. The Grayson's celebrate their wedding anniversary, but it ends with Victoria kicking Conrad out. Later, Frank calls her while he is being killed.
In "Treachery" Victoria brings Lydia to her house when Lydia comes out of her coma, with her memories missing. Victoria shows Lydia a copy of the scathing speech she intended to make the night she fell over her balcony. Victoria and Conrad get into a heated discussion about the investigation involving Frank.
In the episode "Suspicion" Victoria is alone in her home after driving Daniel to move in with Emily, and Charlotte is mad at her. After finding out about Declan and Charlotte, Victoria confiscates Charlotte's phone and car keys before she heads to the Stowaway. Victoria tries to pay off Declan, and she thinks it worked. She then finds out that Conrad took Lydia away.
In the episode "Duress" Victoria is upset that Daniel wants something small for his birthday. During the divorce settlement meeting, Victoria's lawyer points out that because she was pregnant when she signed the pre-nup, Victoria had the right to take 50 percent of Conrad's earnings. She later reveals to the lawyer that she lied at the time and that she miscarried after 10 weeks. Emily sees an interview where her father stated that Victoria's then-newborn daughter, Charlotte, may be his, as a result of their affair, and her half-sister.
In the episode "Infamy" Emily sends an anonymous tape of David to Conrad that reveals Charlotte as David's daughter. Realizing she's cornered, Victoria invites Amanda over to confirm she was the one who sent the tape and to get proof that she is who she claims to be. She later sends somebody to get the rest of the tapes from Amanda's bedroom that Emily had planted there. Victoria is shocked and upset when Daniel proposes to Emily and she accepts, but decides to be supportive, so Daniel will be able to gain access to his trust fund and control of Grayson Global. When Huntley makes it clear he is unsure if he can trust her anymore, Victoria fires him. She also tells Daniel the truth about Charlotte but insinuates the pregnancy was forced by David Clarke.
In the episode "Reckoning" Victoria is set on delivering the evidence to the SEC about Conrad, after she finds out he is also going to be prosecuted for the murder-for-hire that killed David Clarke in prison. Shortly before leaving to go to Washington, D.C. to testify against Grayson Conrad, she finds out that Lydia is no longer willing to help her testify in the case. She convinces Lydia that this is her last chance for immunity in the trial. Victoria tries to console Daniel after finding out that Emily broke off their engagement, causing an argument. Conrad makes a last-ditch effort to convince Victoria not to go to Washington, D.C. to testify, telling her that this may be her last chance to save their family. Victoria goes against Conrad's wishes. Charlotte is in her bedroom at Grayson Manor watching the news, where she learns that Victoria's plane crashed. Lydia was killed, but Victoria fled before take-off, after getting a tip-off from a white-haired-man, who killed David Clarke and was responsible for the plane crash.
Season 2
In "Destiny" just before Charlotte is taken back to rehab after failing a rigged drug test, she reveals to Emily that Victoria is alive and under government protection until they can rebuild the case against Conrad. She has secretly been in contact with Charlotte, as well as the white-haired man, who is hiding her and getting her and Charlotte fake identities so they can leave the country. She and Conrad later frame him for kidnapping her.
In "Intuition" Amanda has her baby shower at Grayson Manor. Amanda sneaks away and confronts Victoria about her handwriting on a sign-in sheet from the hospital where her mother was institutionalized. During the argument, Victoria reveals to Amanda that her mother faked her death because in a mental fit, she had tried to kill young Amanda. They get into a scuffle about the sign-in sheet which ends with Victoria accidentally pushing Amanda off the balcony. She is taken to a hospital, where she eventually recovers and gives birth, while Victoria burns the sheet.
In the episode "Victory" Emily comes across information that Victoria had a son 40 years ago, but gave him up for adoption. This leads Emily to send 11 black roses to Victoria, with a note attached, "I'll be wearing the 12th rose" and hires a masked man to wear the black rose. Victoria reveals to Conrad that she had an abortion years ago. She visits the orphanage where she gave up her son and learns he only came to look for her once, years ago, but the nun had kept Victoria's secret. Victoria leaves the orphanage satisfied that her biological son Patrick was placed in a good home and does not know her identity.
In the season 2 finale, Victoria becomes the First Lady of New York and in the closing scene, she answers the door at Grayson Manor and exclaims, "Patrick."
Season 3
Throughout season 3 Victoria became closer to learning Emily's real identity and once learning she was Amanda Clarke she killed Emily's partner in her revenge plan and boyfriend Aiden instantly and placed his body in her Hamptons beach house. Emily went to extreme measures in the season 3 finale by forcing Victoria's former therapist Michelle Banks to place Victoria into solitary confinement at a mental health facility, the same one Victoria visited Emily's mother Kara Clarke in 20 years ago. The season ends with Emily walking away from a struggling Victoria as she repeatedly screams that Emily is Amanda Clarke.
Season 4
In the fourth season premiere, Victoria escapes the mental health facility Emily placed her in, six months earlier. She returns and confronts Emily at her former residence Grayson Manor, which Emily now owns and tells Emily it's my turn for revenge. She leaves after a few minutes and is kidnapped by her ex-lover David Clarke.
She manages to turn him against his daughter, Amanda by not telling him who she really is. Eventually, he discovers the truth and begins plotting her death however, Amanda convinces him to just let it go.
Victoria eventually regains the Grayson fortune when Conrad's dad dies. She attempts to live a life without revenge. She is devastated when Margaux, who is pregnant with her grandchild, loses her baby. The loss causes Victoria to believe that Amanda is the root of everything wrong in her life and she decides to destroy her.
After Amanda reveals her true identity to the world, Victoria is regarded as a monster by everyone. She manages to trick Nolan's ex-wife, Louise into retrieving a flashdrive that contains evidence of all of Amanda's illegal activity.
Just when she is about to turn it over the evidence to the FBI, Amanda pickpockets it and destroys it. This pushes Victoria over the edge and she decides to end it once and for all. She breaks into Grayson Manor and turns on the gas. While sitting in her favorite chair from when she lived there, She turns on a lighter, causing the mansion to explode, killing her instantly and making it look like Amanda killed her.
In "Aftermath" a body is pulled from the rubble of Grayson Manor and identified as Victoria Grayson. Mason Treadwell reveals to Amanda that he helped Victoria with her plan to frame Amanda for murder. Mason sends Amanda a video message featuring Victoria saying that she killed herself so Amanda could suffer in prison greatly. Amanda is arrested for murder as Mason had planted Victoria's blood and hair in her car.
In "Plea" Amanda thinks that Victoria faked her death and planted someone else's body and switched the dental records to make it look like she is dead. She explains this to Ben and it shown in series of flashbacks; showing Victoria carrying out stages of her plan including planting the body of Mary Gaines in Grayson Manor. Ben goes to New Jersey to the house of the deceased Mary Gaines and discovers Victoria alive and well, but before he is able to leave and share the secret, he is killed by White Gold an assassin Margaux Lemarchal hired.
In "Two Graves", Victoria reveals that she had used her mother's body to a fake her death. It is also revealed in a flashback that Victora's biological father was the man she thought was her stepfather. Near the end, Amanda and Victoria face each other down with Victoria having set up cameras to record her death so that Amanda would go down for it. However, before Amanda can fire, Victoria is fatally shot by David to spare Amanda having to commit murder. Before dying, Victoria shoots Amanda in the back, but she survives her wound. While David goes down for her murder, he is granted compassionate release due to his cancer and dies at home. Amanda has nightmares about the fact that she had to get a heart transplant to survive her wound but she does not know that the heart was Victoria's, whether or not the dream was real remain unknown.
Reception
The character has received positive reviews by media outlets. Entertainment Weekly described Victoria as a "full-tilt silent-assassin mode." Actress Madeleine Stowe received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a TV Drama.
References
External links
Victoria Grayson on IMDb
Revenge (TV series) characters
Fictional female businesspeople
Fictional characters from New York (state)
Television characters introduced in 2011
Fictional housewives
Fictional socialites
Fictional murderers
Fictional characters involved in incest
Fictional con artists
Female characters in television
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20H.%20McConnell
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David H. McConnell
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David Hall McConnell Sr. (July 18, 1858 – January 20, 1937) was an American businessman who was the founder and president of the "California Perfume Company", which then became Avon Products.
Early life
David Hall McConnell was born in Oswego, New York, son of James and Isabel (Hall) McConnell, who came from County Cavan, Ireland, in 1845.
Career
On June 16, 1909, McConnell and Alexander D. Henderson, signed an agreement of Corporation for the California Perfume Company in the state of New Jersey. On January 28, 1916, the California Perfume Company was incorporated in the state of New York. McConnell, Henderson, and William Scheele were listed as company officials. The name, California Perfume Company, was a suggestion made by a friend of McConnell's who had written to him describing California because of the great abundance of flowers in California.
Through subsequent changes in name it became Allied Products, Inc., and incorporated in 1924, being an outgrowth of the California Perfume Company of Canada, Ltd., which was started in 1906; Hinze Ambrosia, Inc., and Technical Laboratories, Inc.
McConnell was president, chairman of the board and principal owner of Avon Allied Products, Inc., and its affiliated companies until his death. He was also treasurer of G.W. Carnrick & Co., manufacturers of pharmaceutical supplies in Newark, NJ, and a director of the Holly Hill Fruit Products, Inc., a large orange grove and canning enterprise of Davenport, FL. He was one of the founders of the Suffern National Bank of which he became vice president in 1901, president in 1922 and chairman of the board in 1927. He was again elected chairman of the board and president in 1933 and continued in one or the other office until his death.
Personal life
For varying periods he was superintendent of schools in Suffern; president of the Suffern Board of Education, and treasurer of the Rockland County Republican committee.
Marriage and children
McConnell was married in Chicago on March 31, 1885, to Lucy Emma Hayes, daughter of Ward Hays of La Porte, Indiana. They had three children, including large scale philanthropist Edna McConnell Clark.
Death
On January 20, 1937, McConnell died at his family home in Suffern, New York at age 78. His son, David McConnell, Jr. became the new President. He is buried at the Airmont Lutheran Cemetery in Suffern, Rockland County, New York.
References
External links
Avon corporate website
"D. H. McConnell, Sr. Photo Gallery"
"David Hall McConnell, Sr."
1858 births
1937 deaths
People from Oswego, New York
American businesspeople
American people of Irish descent
Perfumers
American company founders
20th-century American businesspeople
Businesspeople from New York (state)
People associated with direct selling
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central%20Plateau%20languages
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Central Plateau languages
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The twenty Central Plateau languages are a residual branch of the Plateau family spoken in central Nigeria. Tyap (or Katab) has 130,000 speakers, and the closely related Jju (or Kaje) has well over 300,000. Hyam (or Jabba) has another 100,000. Cori is famous for being one of very few languages with six tone levels, though only three are needed for writing.
Classification
The Central Plateau languages are a close geographical group with numerous connections; however, they are to some extent a residual group and may be a sprachbund. The following classification is taken from Blench (2008). A distinction between North Plateau and the rest of Central Plateau is possible but appears to be geographic; Gerhardt (1994) argues they belong together.
Each of the second-level bullets is a single language or dialect cluster and is obviously valid. However, most of the first-level groups (Hyamic, North Plateau, Gyongic, Koro) are not self-evident and may continue to be revised.
Rigwe (Irigwe)
Izeric
Izere: NE & NW Izere, Cèn, Ganàng
Fəràn (Firan) – clearly related to Izere
Tyapic
Tyap (Katab): Tyap proper, Gworok, Takat (Attakar), Tyecha̱rak (Kacecere), Sholyia̱ (Sholio), Fantswam (Kafanchan), Tyuku
Jju (Kaje) – probably part of the Tyap cluster
Hyamic
Cori (Kyoli)
Dangana
Hyam (Jabba): Hyam of Nok, Sait, Dzar; maybe Yaat, Ankun also separate
Shamang
Zhire (Shang is relexified Zhire)
Koro
Koro: Ashe, Begbere-Ejar
Yeskwa (Nyankpa)
Idun, Gwara
Gyongic
Gyong (Kagoma)
Nghan (Kamantan)
North Plateau (Northwest)
Adara (Eda, Edra)
Kuturmi
Kulu (Ikulu)
Idon
Doka
Iku (Iku-Gora-Ankwe)
Blench (2018) splits the Central Plateau languages into a Northwest Plateau group consisting of Eda/Edra, Acro-Obiro (Kuturmi), Kulu, Idon, Doka, Iku-Gora-Ankwe, and a West-Central Plateau linguistic area consisting of the Rigwe, Tyapic, Izeric, Hyamic, Koro, and Gyongic groups.
Many of the languages, including Jju, were formerly classified as part of a Southern Zaria group in earlier classifications.
Names and locations
Below is a list of language names, populations, and locations from Blench (2019).
Footnotes
References
Blench, Roger (2008). Prospecting proto-Plateau. Manuscript.
External links
Plateau materials from Roger Blench
Plateau languages
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19666668
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr%20Bukharov
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Aleksandr Bukharov
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Aleksandr Yevgenyevich Bukharov (; born 12 March 1985) is a Russian former footballer who played as a striker.
Career
With FC Rubin Kazan he won the Russian Premier League 2008. At that season he broke the record for the fastest goal in the Russian Premier League, scoring after 26 seconds. On 19 July 2010 signed four-year contract with FC Zenit Saint Petersburg.
On 22 February 2018, he was released from his FC Rostov contract by mutual consent.
On 25 July 2018, he returned to FC Rubin Kazan, signing a one-year contract. He left Rubin upon the expiration of his contract on 17 June 2019.
International career
He made his debut for the Russian national team in October 2009 in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Azerbaijan. After 6 years without call-ups, he returned to the national team for two friendly games in March 2017.
Career statistics
Club
Notes
International goals
Scores and results list Russia's goal tally first.
External links
Player page on the official FC Rubin Kazan website
Profile at Zenit site
Player profile
References
1985 births
People from Naberezhnye Chelny
Living people
Russian footballers
Association football forwards
Russia under-21 international footballers
Russia-2 international footballers
Russia international footballers
FC Chernomorets Novorossiysk players
FC Rubin Kazan players
FC Zenit Saint Petersburg players
FC Anzhi Makhachkala players
FC Rostov players
Russian Premier League players
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players
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9783658
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trefftz%20method
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Trefftz method
|
In mathematics, the Trefftz method is a method for the numerical solution of partial differential equations named after the German mathematician Erich Trefftz(de) (1888–1937). It falls within the class of finite element methods.
Introduction
The hybrid Trefftz finite-element method has been considerably advanced since its introduction about 30 years ago. The conventional method of finite element analysis involves converting the differential equation that governs the problem into a variational functional from which element nodal properties – known as field variables – can be found. This can be solved by substituting in approximate solutions to the differential equation and generating the finite element stiffness matrix which is combined with all the elements in the continuum to obtain the global stiffness matrix. Application of the relevant boundary conditions to this global matrix, and the subsequent solution of the field variables rounds off the mathematical process, following which numerical computations can be used to solve real life engineering problems.
An important aspect of solving the functional requires us to find solutions that satisfy the given boundary conditions and satisfy inter-element continuity since we define independently the properties over each element domain.
The hybrid Trefftz method differs from the conventional finite element method in the assumed displacement fields and the formulation of the variational functional. In contrast to the conventional method (based on the Rayleigh-Ritz mathematical technique) the Trefftz method (based on the Trefftz mathematical technique) assumes the displacement field is composed of two independent components; the intra-element displacement field which satisfies the governing differential equation and is used to approximate the variation of potential within the element domain, and the conforming frame field which specifically satisfies the inter-element continuity condition, defined on the boundary of the element. The frame field here is the same as that used in the conventional finite element method but defined strictly on the boundary of the element – hence the use of the term "hybrid" in the method's nomenclature. The variational functional must thus include additional terms to account for boundary conditions, since the assumed solution field only satisfies the governing differential equation.
Advantages over conventional finite element method
The main advantages of the hybrid Trefftz method over the conventional method are:
the formulation calls for integration along the element boundaries only which allows for curve-sided or polynomial shapes to be used for the element boundary,
presents expansion bases for elements that do not satisfy inter-element continuity through the variational functional, and
this method allows for the development of crack singular or perforated elements through the use of localized solution functions as the trial functions.
Applications
Since its mainstream introduction some 30 years ago, this modified finite element method has become increasingly popular to applications such as elasticity, Kirchhoff plates, thick plates, general three-dimensional solid mechanics, antisymmetric solid mechanics, potential problems, shells, elastodynamic problems, geometrically nonlinear plate bending, and transient heat conduction analysis among various others. It is currently being applied to steady, non-turbulent, incompressible, Newtonian fluid flow applications through ongoing research at the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (FEIT) at the Australian National University (ANU) in Canberra, Australia. The hybrid Trefftz method is also being applied to some fields, e.g. computational modeling of hydrated soft tissues or water-saturated porous media, through ongoing research project at the Technical University of Lisbon, Instituto Superior Técnico in Portugal.
Notes
References
External links
Hybrid-Trefftz research project at Instituto Superior Técnico in Lisbon, Portugal
Numerical differential equations
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13923160
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone%20numbers%20in%20Myanmar
|
Telephone numbers in Myanmar
|
Telephone numbers in Myanmar are 8 to 11 digits long including the trunk prefix. (E.g. 01 123456, 09262214662)
09784453160
Myanmar
Format
In Yangon, the format is 01 MMM MMMM e.g. 01 243 5774
In Mandalay, the format is 02 MMM MMMM e.g. 02 403 3655
In Nay Pyi Taw, the format is 067 MMM MMMM e.g. 067 435 3241
In Maubin, the format is 045 MMM MMMM e.g. 045307--
There are four mobile operators in Myanmar.
All mobile operators numbers are with 09.
All of them have the same format except MPT.
For Telenor, Ooredoo, and Mytel, they have 11 digits with the prefix.
Telenor start with 097 e.g. 09790000979
Ooredoo start with 099 e.g. 09970000234
Mytel start with 096 e.g. 09690000966
Emergency numbers
See also
Telecommunications in Burma
References
Burma
Myanmar-related lists
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9858641
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason%20Bloom%20%28lacrosse%29
|
Jason Bloom (lacrosse)
|
Jason Bloom (born September 4, 1982 in Coquitlam, British Columbia) is a lacrosse player on the Washington Stealth of the National Lacrosse League. He also played for Coquitlam Adanacs of the Western Lacrosse Association in the summer of 2006. Bloom was the captain of the Under-19 British Columbia Selects, MVP of the B.C. Provincials in 1999, two-time gold medal winner at the Canadian Nationals with the B.C. Selects (1999, 2000) and was selected to the first team British Columbia Major Junior A All-Star team in 2001 for hockey.
College career
Bloom earned a psychology degree from Ohio State University, where he captained the Buckeyes in 2004 and 2005. He was a four-time Ohio State Scholar-Athlete and a two-time Academic All-Big Ten selection.
Professional career
Bloom played two season with the Colorado Mammoth, before being traded to the Boston Blazers for current Colorado captain John Gallant. Bloom joined the Boston Blazers for their inaugural season during the 2009 NLL season, and was named NLL Transition Player of the Week during 2009. Bloom was traded in June 2009 to the Washington Stealth, and was named team captain shortly thereafter. Bloom helped the Stealth win the 2010 NLL Championship, and is the youngest captain in the NLL to ever do so. Has a young family and works in commercial real estate in Seattle for GVA Kidder Mathews.
Statistics
NLL
References
External links
Ohio State Bio Page
Canadian lacrosse players
Colorado Mammoth players
Lacrosse people from British Columbia
Ohio State Buckeyes men's lacrosse players
Boston Blazers players
Living people
1982 births
People from Coquitlam
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6013189
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9%20Ruellan
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André Ruellan
|
André Ruellan (7 August 1922 – 10 November 2016) was a French science fiction and horror writer who has also used the pseudonym of Kurt Steiner, Kurt Wargar and André Louvigny.
Overview
Among the best authors published by the Angoisse horror imprint of Editions Fleuve Noir in the 1950s was André Ruellan, a physician who used the pseudonym of Kurt Steiner to pen 22 novels, mastering all the classic themes and creating some new ones as well. Perhaps because of Ruellan's medical background, the strength of his novels lay in their detailed, almost clinical, atmosphere of heavy, oppressive, bludgeoning horror, which anticipated the stronger, gorier, books of the next decades.
For the Anticipation science fiction imprint of Fleuve Noir, Ruellan also penned two heroic fantasy novels starring the futuristic knight, Dal Ortog Dal of Galankar. The world of Ortog is a futuristic Earth where sophisticated science cohabits with a pseudo-medieval society. In the first novel, Ortog is sent by its ruler, Karella, to find a cure for the slow death that is killing Earth and its inhabitants after a devastating interplanetary war. Ortog eventually returns with such a cure, but too late to save his love, Karella’s daughter, Kalla. In the sequel, Ortog, and his friend Zoltan, embark on an Orpheus-like quest through the dimensions of Death to find Kalla’s soul and bring her back to Earth. He eventually finds her, loses her again and returns to Earth, cursed with immortality.
Ruellan's science fiction novels are equally remarkable. Le 32 Juillet [32 July] (1959) describes how a man finds himself in another dimension and explores the vast insides of a giant organism. Les Enfants de l'Histoire [The Children Of History] (1969) is a thinly-disguised allegory of the political events of May 1968 recast in future guise. Le Disque Rayé [The Scratched Record] (1970) involves a complex time loop. Brebis Galeuses [Black Sheep] (1974) is a clever medical dystopia.
André Ruellan has written a number of screenplays for film director Alain Jessua. His novel Le Seuil du Vide was adapted into an eponymous 1971 film.
Selected bibliography
(as Kurt Steiner except where otherwise mentioned.)
Alerte aux Monstres [Alert, Monsters] (As Kurt Wargar) (1953)
Le Bruit du Silence [The Sound Of Silence] (1955)
Pour Que Vive Le Diable [For The Devil To Live] (1956)
Fenêtres sur l'Obscur [Windows Into Darkness] (1956)
De Flamme et d'Ombre [Of Flame And Shadow] (1956)
Le Seuil du Vide [The Threshold Of The Void] (1956)
Les Rivages de la Nuit [The Shores Of Night] (1957)
Je Suis Un Autre [I Am Other] (1957)
Les Dents Froides [The Cold Teeth] (1957)
L'Envers du Masque [The Other Side Of The Mask] (1957)
Les Pourvoyeurs [The Purveyors] (1957)
Sueurs [Sweat] (1957)
L'Herbe aux Pendus [The Herb Of The Hanged Men] (1958)
La Marque du Démon [The Mark Of The Demon] (1958)
Lumière de Sang [Blood Light] (1958)
Syncope Blanche [White Faint] (1958)
La Village de la Foudre [The Village Of Lightning] (1958)
Le Prix du Suicide [The Price Of Suicide] (1958)
Menace d'Outre-Terre [Menace From Beyond] (1958)
La Chaîne de Feu [The Chain Of Fire] (1959)
Dans un Manteau de Brume [In A Cloak Of Mist] (1959)
Mortefontaine [Deadfountain] (1959)
Salamandra (1959)
Le 32 Juillet [July 32] (1959)
Glace Sanglante [Bloody Ice] (1960)
Le Masque des Regrets [The Mask Of Regrets] (1960)
Aux Armes d'Ortog [Under Ortog's Arms] (1960) (translated by Brian Stableford in Ortog (2009) )
S.O.S. Passé [SOS Past] (As André Louvigny) (1960)
Manuel du Savoir-Mourir [Manual Of How-To-Die] (As André Ruellan) (1963)
Les Improbables (1965)
Les Océans du Ciel [The Oceans Of The Sky] (1967)
Ortog et les Ténèbres [Ortog And The Darkness] (1969) (translated by Brian Stableford in Ortog (2009) )
Les Enfants de l'Histoire [The Children Of History] (1969)
Le Disque Rayé [The Scratched Record] (1970)
Tunnel (As André Ruellan) (1973)
Brebis Galeuses [Black Sheep] (1974)
Un Passe Temps [A Pastime] (1979)
Les Chiens [The Dogs] (As André Ruellan) (1979)
Mémo (As André Ruellan) (1984)
Grand Guignol 36-88 (1988)
Le Terme (As André Ruellan) (1995)
Albert et Georgette (As André Ruellan) (1995)
On a Tiré sur le Cercueil [They Shot At The Coffin] (As André Ruellan) (1997)
References
External links
1922 births
2016 deaths
French science fiction writers
French fantasy writers
French male novelists
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59579190
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019%20Oracle%20Challenger%20Series%20%E2%80%93%20Newport%20Beach
|
2019 Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach
|
The 2019 Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the second edition of the tournament, which is part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2019 WTA 125K series. It took place from January 21–27, 2019 in Newport Beach, United States.
Point distribution
Men's singles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings are as of 14 January 2019.
Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
Ulises Blanch
Taylor Fritz
Marcos Giron
Patrick Kypson
Roy Smith
The following player received entry into the singles main draw as an alternate:
Collin Altamirano
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
Maxime Cressy
Evan Song
The following player received entry as a lucky loser:
Alafia Ayeni
Women's singles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings are as of 14 January 2019.
Other entrants
The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
Hanna Chang
Haley Giavara
Elizabeth Halbauer
Maegan Manasse
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
Giuliana Olmos
Katie Volynets
Withdrawals
Before the tournament
Sofia Kenin → replaced by Urszula Radwańska
Kristína Kučová → replaced by Lena Rüffer
Anna Karolína Schmiedlová → replaced by Mari Osaka
CoCo Vandeweghe → replaced by Kayla Day
Women's doubles main draw entrants
Seeds
1 Rankings as of 14 January 2019
Other entrants
The following pair received wildcard into the doubles main draw:
Gail Brodsky / Francesca Di Lorenzo
Champions
Men's singles
Taylor Fritz def. Brayden Schnur, 7–6(9–7), 6–4
Women's singles
Bianca Andreescu def. Jessica Pegula 0–6, 6–4, 6–2
Men's doubles
Robert Galloway / Nathaniel Lammons def. Romain Arneodo / Andrei Vasilevski 7–5, 7–6(7–1)
Women's doubles
Hayley Carter / Ena Shibahara def. Taylor Townsend / Yanina Wickmayer, 6–3, 7–6(7–1)
References
External links
Official website
2019
Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach
Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach
Oracle Challenger Series – Newport Beach
January 2019 sports events in the United States
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12060562
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Irondequoit%20Central%20School%20District
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West Irondequoit Central School District
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The West Irondequoit Central School District is a public school district in New York State that serves approximately 4000 students in the western half of the town of Irondequoit in Monroe County, with over 600 employees and an operating budget of $74.4 million (~$20,319 per student).
The average class size is 21 students and the student-teacher ratio is 13.6:1(elementary), 13.6:1(middle-high school).
The District motto is "Peak Performance".
Dr. Aaron Johnson is the Superintendent of Schools.
History
A high school building was erected in 1924 as the Irondequoit Free Union School, District Number 3. In 1953, District Number 3 and District Number 4 combined to become the West Irondequoit Central School District.
Board of education
The Board of Education (BOE) consists of 7 members who serve rotating 3-year terms. Elections are held each May for board members and to vote on the School District Budget. Student representatives, elected by the student body for 1-year terms, also attend BOE meetings; their vote is unofficial.
Current board members are:
Ann Cunningham, President
Matthew Metras, Vice President
Justin Connor
Matthew Fink
Matthew Sullivan
Rosa Vargas-Cronin
John Vay
Schools
Elementary school
Briarwood Elementary School (K-3), Principal - Brenna Farrell
Brookview Elementary School (K-3), Principal - Alicia Spitz
Colebrook Elementary School (K-3), Principal - Brenna Farrell
Listwood Elementary School (K-3), Principal - Kelly Santora
Seneca Elementary (K-3), Principal - Alicia Spitz
Southlawn Elementary (K-3), Principal - Kelly Santora
Middle school
Iroquois Middle School (4-6), Principal - Christian Zwahlen
Rogers Middle School (4-6), Principal - Michelle Flood
High school
Dake Junior High School (7-8), Principal - Maryanne Heiman
Irondequoit High School (9-12), Principal - Alecia Zipp-McLaughlin
Reorganization
To improve K-3 achievement, the administration of the elementary schools changed in July 2007 one principal per school to one principal for each pair of schools: Briarwood/Colebrook, Brookview/Seneca and Listwood/Southlawn.
References
External links
York State School Boards Association
Education in Monroe County, New York
School districts in New York (state)
School districts established in 1953
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54417652
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menaka%20%281955%20film%29
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Menaka (1955 film)
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Menaka is a 1955 Indian, Tamil language film directed by V. C. Subburaman. It is a remake of the 1935 film of the same name. The film featured K. R. Ramaswamy and Lalitha in the lead roles.
Plot
The story is about a loving couple getting separated by designs of evil doers. However, after many sufferings, they re-unite.
Cast
List adapted from the database of Film News Anandan and from the Hindu review article.
Male cast
K. R. Ramasamy
K. Sarangapani
T. K. Ramachandran
D. Balasubramaniam
Acharya
Friend Ramasami
T. N. Sivathanu
M. S. Karuppaiah
T. V. Sethuraman
V. P. Balaraman
V. P. S. Mani
Female cast
Lalitha
Ragini
C. K. Saraswathi
M. S. S. Bhagyam
K. S. Angamuthu
Indira
S. K. Venubai
K. S. Adilakshmi
K. S. Rajam
K. S. Chandra
Dance
Padmini
Kushalakumari
Production
This is the second edition of the same story by Vaduvur Duraisami Iyengar that he first published as a novel. Then it was staged as a successful play by TKS Brothers. It was made into a film in 1935 with the same title. K. R. Ramaswamy who featured in a supporting role in the 1935 edition, was the hero in this 1955 edition.
The film was produced and directed by V. C. Subburaman. Screenplay and dialogues were written by A. T. Krishnaswamy. Cinematography was handled by P. Balasubramaniam, R. R. Chandran and M. S. Mani while the editing was done by B. V. M. V. Ramaraju was in charge of art direction while the choreography was done by V. Madhavan. Still photography was by R. N. Nagaraja Rao.
Soundtrack
Music was composed by T. G. Lingappa, C. N. Pandurangan and Vedha while the lyrics were penned by Kannadasan, Ku. Sa. Krishnamoorthy, A. Maruthakasi, K. P. Kamatchisundaram, K. D. Santhanam and S. D. Sundharam. Singer is K. R. Ramaswamy while the playback singers are P. Leela, (Radha) Jayalakshmi, Soolamangalam Rajalakshmi, A. P. Komala, A. M. Rajah and Sirkazhi Govindarajan.
Reception
Menaka was poorly received by critics, and underperformed at the box office.
References
1955 drama films
1955 films
Films based on Indian novels
Films scored by T. G. Lingappa
Indian drama films
Remakes of Indian films
Indian films based on plays
Indian films
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5671959
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27m%20So%20Excited
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I'm So Excited
|
"I'm So Excited" is a song by American vocal group the Pointer Sisters. Jointly written and composed by the sisters in collaboration with Trevor Lawrence, it was originally released in September 1982, reaching number 30 on the US Billboard Hot 100. This was followed by a remixed re-release in July 1984, reaching number 9 on the Billboard Hot 100. Billboard named the song number 23 on their list of "100 Greatest Girl Group Songs Of All Time".
Background
The song was originally recorded for and appeared on the Sisters' 1982 album, So Excited!, and was subsequently released as a single. Upon its release, the single charted at No. 28 on the Billboard Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart, No. 30 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 46 on the Billboard R&B Singles chart.
Two years later, on the group's RIAA certified multi-Platinum album Break Out, a slightly remixed and edited version of the song was included and re released as a single. This time, it peaked at No. 9 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 25 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.
In March 2001, the song was included in the RIAA and National Endowment for the Arts project Songs of the Century, a list intended to "promote a better understanding of America's musical and cultural heritage." The song was ranked #264 out of 365 songs.
The song was featured in the movie Summer Lovers (1982), though it was not included on the movie's soundtrack. It was also featured in the theatrical and VHS releases of National Lampoon's Vacation (1983), but was replaced with the sonically unrelated "Little Boy Sweet" by June Pointer on future versions. In 1985 it featured prominently in the opening scene (a lengthy flashback to a yacht party that plays again later) in the miniseries "Deceptions" starring Stefanie Powers. Later on, it featured in Hot Shots! Part Deux (1993) and briefly in Eddie Murphy's version of The Nutty Professor (1996).
Other films that featured the song include Protocol (1984), Playing for Keeps (1986), Working Girl (1988), Riff-Raff (1991), The Story of Us (1999), Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen (2009), and I'm So Excited (2013) which also takes its name from the song itself.
Music video
A music video was filmed for the 1982 release of the single, directed by choreographer Kenny Ortega. In the clip, the sisters are seen getting ready for a formal party at a high society club.
Anita Pointer is shown dressing and applying make up; Ruth Pointer, in nothing but a nightgown, is shown rolling around on her bed and throwing her garments around; and June Pointer is wearing nothing at all and taking a bubble bath. Once the sisters arrive at the club, they are photographed, attracting the attention of the other party goers. By the video's end, they have the club on its feet jamming to the song. On the video also appears Dorian Harewood.
Personnel
Anita Pointer – lead vocals
Ruth Pointer – backing vocals
June Pointer – backing vocals
John Barnes – acoustic piano
Michael Boddicker – synthesizer programming
Greg Phillinganes – synthesizers
William "Smitty" Smith – organ
George Doering – guitar
Lee Ritenour – guitar
Nathan Watts – bass
John "J.R." Robinson – drums
Paulinho da Costa – percussion
Personnel (1983)
Lead vocals: Anita Pointer
Backing vocals: Ruth Pointer, June Pointer
Drums: John "J.R." Robinson
Percussion: Paulinho da Costa
Bass: Nathan East
Keyboards, synthesizers: Michael Boddicker, Greg Phillinganes, William D. "Smitty" Smith
Guitars: George Doering, Lee Ritenour
Trumpet: Chuck Findley
Trombone: Richard Hyde
Saxophone: Jim Horn
Programming: Michael Boddicker
Charts
Weekly charts
Year end charts
Usage in media
The song was first heard in the 1982 adult romance comedy, Summer Lovers.
The song was used in the hit comedy Hot Shots! Part Deux, during the love scene between Topper Harley (Charlie Sheen) and Michelle Huddleston (Brenda Bakke).
In the second season of Saved by The Bell, a singing group performs it, and the scene has led to many YouTube reenactments and even a recreation by Jessie's portrayer, Elizabeth Berkley, on Dancing with the Stars.
The song appears in advertising of Wowcher in the United Kingdom since 2019; the lyrics in these adverts are “I’m so excited and I just can’t hide, I’ve just seen a Wowcher deal and I think I like it… And if you price real low, I can’t say no.”
Certifications
References
External links
1982 singles
1984 singles
The Pointer Sisters songs
Song recordings produced by Richard Perry
Songs written by Anita Pointer
1982 songs
Planet Records singles
RCA Records singles
Carroll Baker songs
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34283782
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20Hemmann
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Alfred Hemmann
|
Alfred Hemmann (13 October 1895 – 26 September 1957) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross of Nazi Germany. Hemmann surrendered to Soviet forces in May 1945 in the Courland Pocket; he was released in 1955.
Awards and decorations
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 21 August 1941 as Oberstleutnant and commander of Infanterie-Regiment 426
References
Citations
Bibliography
1895 births
1957 deaths
German military personnel of World War I
German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union
Lieutenant generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht)
People from Gliwice
People from the Province of Silesia
Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 2nd class
Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross
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4537569
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan%20Sydney
|
Joan Sydney
|
Joan Sydney (born 5 September 1938) is an English-Australian actress, known for her work in radio, theatre, television serials and soap opera and films
Sydney emigrated to Australia from London in 1965 and started her career in theatre, before appearing on the small screen, where her best known roles include soap operas including A Country Practice as Maggie Sloane, E Street as Mary Patchett, All Saints as Mary Price and Neighbours as Valda Sheergold.
She was the second actress to play the fictional Wandin Valley hospital matron in ACP after original Helen Scott. Her successor Anne Brennan (Mary Regan) used the title of Director of Nursing, though subsequently after Brannon left, the title was changed back to Matron, during the tenure of Rosemary Prior (Maureen Edwards).
Biography
Early life
Joan Sydney was born in London, England, United Kingdom on 5 September 1938 and has had a long career in all genres of the entertainment industry, including radio, television, mini-series and made for television films.
Career
After appearing on stage and film in her native England, Sydney made her screen debut aged 19 in the 1957 film version of English play When We Are Married. She emigrated to Perth, Western Australia in 1965, where she has become a staple of the small screen since 1978 and subsequently New South Wales
She remains best known for her long-running Logie Award-winning role in the Seven Network rural series A Country Practice from 1983-1990 as Margaret "Maggie" Sloan, the no-nonsense but compassionate matron of the fictional Wandin Valley Bush Nursing Hospital.
Sydney won the Silver Logie Award for Most Popular Actress for her performance in 1989. Whilst appearing in A Country Practice whilst also starring in a movie-length pilot for a subsequently unmade series in 1987 called Sisterly Love.
In 1993, after twelve seasons on air, A Country Practice was abruptly cancelled, but the rival Network Ten picked it up soon afterwards. Production was relocated from Pitt Town, NSW to Emerald, Victoria and, after having spent time in England, Sydney returned as Matron, one of a few actors including the late Joyce Jacobs and Andrew Blackman to transfer to the new ACP network relaunch
In 1990, Sydney went on to another popular soap opera, E Street in the role of publican Mary Patchett.
In 2002 she joined the long-running serial Neighbours as Valda Sheergold, initially on a semi-regular recurring basis, before becoming a permanent member of the cast for the 2007–2008 season.
Apart from her more permanent roles she has also had guest roles in many other programs including sitcom Mother and Son, and dramas All Saints, Something in the Air and Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries.
In 2013 she featured in the telemovie Cliffy, based on the life of Australian athlete Cliff Young.
Personal life
Sydney's son Tony Braxton-Smith, was the former CEO of Journey Beyond (known then as Great Southern Rail). Sydney was the elder sister of actress Maggie King.
Filmography
Theatre stage roles
SOURCE: AusStage
Sydney has had roles in theatre in both England and then locally in Australia since 1968. Prior to her role in the telemovie Cliff, in 2002 she toured in the production Talking Heads and DeckChair in 2005.
Awards
References
External links
1938 births
20th-century Australian actresses
Australian television actresses
Australian stage actresses
English emigrants to Australia
Living people
Logie Award winners
21st-century Australian women
21st-century Australian people
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61059899
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956%20Ohio%20gubernatorial%20election
|
1956 Ohio gubernatorial election
|
The 1956 Ohio gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1956. Republican nominee C. William O'Neill defeated Democratic nominee Michael DiSalle with 56.04% of the vote.
Primary elections
Primary elections were held on May 8, 1956.
Democratic primary
Candidates
Michael DiSalle, former Mayor of Toledo
John E. Sweeney, former Ohio Secretary of State
Robert W. Reider
Frank X. Kryzan, Mayor of Youngstown
Oscar L. Fleckner
Results
Republican primary
Candidates
C. William O'Neill, Ohio Attorney General
John William Brown, incumbent Lieutenant Governor
Results
General election
Candidates
C. William O'Neill, Republican
Michael DiSalle, Democratic
Results
References
1956
Ohio
Gubernatorial
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19649103
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglesia%20de%20San%20Bernardo%2C%20Mexico%20City
|
Iglesia de San Bernardo, Mexico City
|
The Church of San Bernardo () stands at the corner of Avenida 20 de Noviembre and Venustiano Carranza Street just south of the Zocalo or main plaza of Mexico City. It was part of a convent of the same name that was founded in 1636, but was closed along with all convents and monasteries during the La Reforma period in 1861. Currently, only the church remains of the convent complex.
The church was built between 1685 and 1687 in Baroque style.
Description
The church was part of a convent of the same name which was sponsored by Juan Marquez de Orozco, a merchant who left his fortune to the Church with the stipulation that the money be used to found a convent for the Cistercian Order. After Orozo's death, José Retes de Largacha, Marquis of San Jorge, became the convent's benefactor, purchasing the land for the church and convent. . The convent was founded in 1636, by three of Orozco's sisters and two other nuns, all from the Convent of Regina Coeli. . The church was consecrated in 1690. In the 18th century, Miguel de Berrio y Saldivar, Count of San Mateo Valparaiso, took charge of repair work, leading to the use of geometrically-cut tezontle stone. The church was rededicated in 1777 .
During the Reform period under Benito Juárez, all monasteries and convents were closed and this convent was demolished, except for the church. Its demolition paved the way of the opening of the street that would become 20 de Noviembre.
Much of the façade's surface is covered in tezontle a reddish, porous volcanic rock. The decoration of the main façade of the church is what is called a "discreet" expression of the Baroque style, meaning not all of the surface is covered in decoration, but the sections which do have them are done in that style. The work done on this church has been compared to the filigree done by silversmiths. Where the Baroque style really stands out is the profusion of decoration surrounding the niches; one of which holds an image of Saint Bernard and the other a figure of the Virgin of Guadalupe. This figure used to be on the opposite side of the church/convent, but when it was dismantled, it was moved here. The main architect of the church was Juan de Zepeda .
On the exterior is a bronze plaque that reads "Las Religiosas Concepcionistas del Convento del Dulcísimo Nombre de María del Glorioso San Bernardo. Fundado el 30 III 1636 in este Lugar, Celebramos 350 años de su fundación, 1986"
The Church's interior has a neo-classic altar.
See also
List of colonial churches in Mexico City
References
1630s in Mexico
1636 establishments in New Spain
Baroque church buildings in Mexico
Historic center of Mexico City
Roman Catholic churches in Mexico City
Spanish Colonial architecture in Mexico
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1687
17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Mexico
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10852719
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Len%20Bracko
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Len Bracko
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Leonard Clarence Bracko (December 2, 1943 – August 19, 2017) was a Canadian politician. He was a city councillor for St. Albert City Council and a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.
A high school social studies teacher by profession, Bracko first ran for the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in 1989 in the riding of St. Albert, under the banner of the Liberal Party. He finished second to Progressive Conservative Dick Fowler, a former mayor of St. Albert. Later that year, Bracko was elected to St. Albert City Council. He served one three-year term on it and then retired to run for the provincial legislature again.
In the 1993 provincial election, Bracko defeated Fowler, then the Minister of Justice and Attorney General, by 1,500 votes. As a member of the Liberal official opposition caucus, he served as Municipal Affairs critic. In the 1997 provincial election, he lost his seat to Progressive Conservative Mary O'Neill by sixteen votes in the election's closest race. He faced O'Neill again in the 2001 provincial election and lost by two thousand votes.
In 2001, Bracko returned to St. Albert City Council in that year's election. He was the only member of council to support the Ray Gibbon Drive alignment for the west regional road; the other members of council favoured the west bypass alignment that had earlier been rejected. In light of this, Bracko soon dropped his opposition to the bypass alignment. He was re-elected in 2004, 2007, and 2010.
Bracko and his wife, Barb, were active with Habitat for Humanity and travelled to Nepal in 2002 to help build houses. He was an honorary chief of the Maasai tribe, an honour that was bestowed on him in 2004 when he travelled to Mozambique on behalf of the Federation of Canadian Municipalities business.
References
Bracko announced his intention to run again (St. Albert Gazette)
Alberta Liberal Party MLAs
Canadian schoolteachers
2017 deaths
St. Albert, Alberta city councillors
1943 births
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35524482
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aidan%20Sezer
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Aidan Sezer
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Aidan Sezer (born 24 June 1991) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a and for the Leeds Rhinos in the Betfred Super League.
He previously played for the Gold Coast Titans, Canberra Raiders and most recently the Huddersfield Giants in the Betfred Super League. Sezer has played for the Indigenous All Stars and New South Wales City sides.
Background
Sezer was born in Bankstown, New South Wales, Australia to a Turkish father, Yücel, and an Indigenous Australian mother.
Sezer played his junior football for the East Hills Bulldogs before being signed by the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs. Sezer played in the Bulldogs Toyota Cup team in 2010–2011, scoring over 300 points. On 31 August 2010, Sezer was named at five-eighth in the 2010 NYC Team of the Year. At the end of 2011, Sezer signed with the Gold Coast Titans after a lack of first-grade opportunities at the Bulldogs.
Playing career
2012
In round 7 of the 2012 NRL season, Sezer made his NRL debut for the Gold Coast Titans against the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles at five-eighth and scored a try in the Titans 26–14 upset win at Brookvale Oval. In December 2012, Sezer re-signed with the Gold Coast on a two-year contract. Sezer finished his debut year in the NRL with him playing in 18 matches, scoring four tries, kicking seven goals and kicking one field goal for the Gold Coast Titans in the 2012 NRL season. On 4 December 2012, Sezer re-signed with the Gold Coast for three years until the end of the 2015 NRL season.
2013
On 9 February 2013, Sezer played for the Indigenous All Stars team in the 2013 All Stars match against the NRL All Stars off the interchange bench in the Indigenous Team 32–6 win at Suncorp Stadium. Sezer finished the 2013 NRL season with him playing in 22 matches, scoring one try, kicking 75 goals and kicking two field goals for the Gold Coast Titans.
2014
In round 10 against the Brisbane Broncos at Suncorp Stadium, Sezer suffered a pectoral muscle injury in the Gold Coast's 22–8 loss which made him miss three months of football, until making a return in Round 22 against the Sydney Roosters at SFS which the Gold Coast lost the match 26–18. Sezer finished the Gold Coast Titans 2014 NRL season with him playing in 13 matches, scoring four matches, kicking 23 goals and kicking one field goal in an injury riddled year.
2015
On 20 January, Sezer was named in the Gold Coast 2015 NRL Auckland Nines squad. On 10 April, he signed a three-year contract with the Canberra Raiders starting in 2016. He finished his last year with the Gold Coast, having played in 18 matches, scoring three tries, kicking 51 goals and one field goal.
2016
In round 1 of the 2016 NRL season, Sezer made his club debut for the Canberra Raiders against the Penrith Panthers, playing at halfback and scoring two tries in the club's 30–22 win at Canberra Stadium. On 8 May 2016, Sezer played for City Origin against Country Origin, where he played at five-eighth and kicked 6 goals in the 44–30 win in Tamworth. Sezer finished the 2016 NRL season with him playing in 24 matches, scoring 5 tries and kicking 5 goals in his first year with the Canberra club.
2017
In February 2017, Sezer was selected in Canberra's 2017 Auckland Nines squad. On 10 February 2017, Sezer played for the Indigenous All Stars against the World All Stars in the 2017 All Stars match, playing off the interchange bench in the 34–8 win at Hunter Stadium. In round 5 against the Parramatta Eels, Sezer played his 100th NRL career match in the 30–18 win at Canberra Stadium. Sezer finished the 2017 NRL season with him playing in all of the Raiders 24 matches, scoring 4 tries and kicking 12 goals. Sezer and his halves partner Blake Austin were subjected to criticism at the end of the season for not lifting their game to close out matches and were taking the back seat for hooker Josh Hodgson who did the key playmaking a little too often than they should have.
2018
On 27 June 2018, Sezer extended his contract with the Canberra club to the end of the 2020 NRL season. Sezer finished the 2018 NRL season with him playing in 18 matches, scoring 2 tries, kicking 8 goals and 1 field goal for the Raiders. In October 2018, Sezer alongside Raiders team-mate Emre Guler trained with the Turkey national rugby league team for the 2018 Emerging Nations World Championship matches.
2019
Sezer started the 2019 NRL season as the club's first choice halfback and kicked a field goal in the opening round as Canberra defeated the Gold Coast 21–0. In round 2, Sezer suffered an oblique injury and was replaced by Sam Williams. Due to the good form of Canberra and Williams, Sezer was kept in reserve grade to play for Canberra's feeder club side the Mount Pritchard Mounties after recovering from his injury.
In round 23, Sezer played his 150th NRL game in Canberra's 14–18 loss to the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles at GIO stadium in Canberra. In round 24, Sezer kicked 3 field goals in Canberra's 15–14 win against the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks at Pointsbet Stadium, including the game winner in golden point extra time.
Sezer played for Canberra in the 2019 NRL Grand Final which was their first decider in 25 years. Canberra would go on to lose the final 14–8 against the Sydney Roosters at ANZ Stadium.
On 28 November, it was announced that Sezer had signed a two-year deal to join Super League side Huddersfield.
2020
Sezer made 16 appearances for Huddersfield in the 2020 Super League season as the club missed out on the finals.
2021
In round 5 of the 2021 Super League season, Sezer scored two tries and kicked two goals as Huddersfield defeated Leeds 14-13 to claim their first win of the year.
On 25 June 2021 he played for the Combined Nations All Stars in their 26-24 victory over England, staged at the Halliwell Jones Stadium, Warrington, as part of England’s 2021 Rugby League World Cup preparation.
On 19 July, it was announced that Sezer would leave Huddersfield at the end of 2021 to take up a two-year deal with eight time Super League Champions Leeds.
References
External links
Canberra Raiders profile
Raiders profile
1991 births
Living people
Australian Muslims
Australian people of Turkish descent
Australian rugby league players
Burleigh Bears players
Canberra Raiders players
Combined Nationalities rugby league team players
Gold Coast Titans players
Huddersfield Giants players
Indigenous All Stars players
Indigenous Australian rugby league players
Leeds Rhinos players
New South Wales City Origin rugby league team players
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league halfbacks
Rugby league players from Sydney
Turkey national rugby league team players
Turkish rugby league players
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51917586
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northfield%20School%20of%20the%20Liberal%20Arts
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Northfield School of the Liberal Arts
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Northfield School of the Liberal Arts is a private classical Christian school in Wichita, Kansas. It was established in 1993, and operates from grades 6 to 12. It has its roots in the Liberal Arts, but also puts a large emphasis on the great books: a collection of 150 books that are important to the development of western thought.
References
External links
1993 establishments in Kansas
Christian schools in Kansas
Classical Christian schools
Schools in Wichita, Kansas
Private middle schools in Kansas
Private high schools in Kansas
Educational institutions established in 1993
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60833052
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate%20of%20South%20Brazil
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Climate of South Brazil
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The climate of South Brazil, which is located below the Tropic of Capricorn in a temperate zone, is influenced by the system of disturbed circulation of the South, which produces the rains, mainly in the summer. It is also influenced by the system of disturbed circulation of the West, that brings rains and storms, sometimes hail, producing winds with bursts of .
Regarding temperatures: the winter is cool and the summer is hot. The annual medium temperatures range from , and in places with altitudes above , drops to approximately . Some parts of the southern region also have an oceanic climate.
In the summer, mainly in January, in the valleys of the rivers Paranapanema, Paraná and Ibicuí-Jacuí, the medium temperature is in excess of , and the medium temperature of the river Uruguay surpasses . The average maximum temperature stays around on the elevated surfaces of the plateau and, in the lowest areas, between .
In the winter, mainly in July, the medium temperature stays relatively low, oscillating between , except for the valleys of the rivers Paranapanema and Paraná, besides the coast of Paraná and Santa Catarina, where the averages are approximately . The average maximum temperature is also low, around , in the big valleys and in the coast, and in the plateau region. The average minimum temperature varies from
, and the thermometer frequently registers temperatures near 0 °C or below, accompanied by frost and snow, in consequence of the invasion of polar masses.
The annual medium pluviosity oscillates from , except along the coast of Paraná and west of Santa Catarina, where the values are in excess of , and in the north of Paraná and in a small coastal area of Santa Catarina, which have lower recordings down to . The maximum pluviometric indexes occur in the winter and the minimum in the summer throughout almost the whole area.
Charts of selected cities
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20101206014542/http://www.brazil.org.uk/brazilinbrief/climate.html
South
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38222646
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FPV%20GT%20R-spec
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FPV GT R-spec
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The FPV GT R-spec is a range of enhanced FPV vehicles characterised by an upgraded handling package fitted to the base model GT, range-topping GT-P and turbocharged F6 Typhoon models. At the time of its production, the GT & GT-P "R-spec" was the quickest Australian production car ever produced.
Overview
With the introduction of the Ford Falcon BF Mk2, FPV introduced the "R-spec" in limited numbers. The biggest upgrade comprised new suspension dampers supplied by Delphi, which provided better steering feel, turn-in and response without compromising general road comfort. FPV also added a higher capacity separate oil cooler to automatic transmission models to cater for track use. This upgraded handling package was tested by legendary Australian racing identity John Bowe, who was able to cut 3 seconds a lap over the normal GT models at Winton Raceway.
BF series
GT "40th Anniversary"
The FPV GT-P "40th Anniversary" model commemorates 40 years of the Falcon "GT" nameplate in Australia, commencing with the original XR series of 1967. It was released in April 2007 and retailed for $65,110 (excluding dealer delivery and statutory charges).
Only 200 units were built, 175 released to Australia and 25 to New Zealand making it, not only the first "R-spec" model, but is also the rarest. Each car was fitted with a unique build number badge in the centre console and all vehicles sold came with a certificate of authenticity, FPV floor mats, Recaro GT-P front seats and integrated iPod/MP3 player input. The "GT-P 40th Anniversary" was available with six-speed manual or six-speed automatic transmission with over-rev upshift function and could be optioned with upgraded 6 piston front / 4 piston rear Brembo brakes- a $7,000 option. In total, 111 units were manual (with 14 also featuring the upgraded Brembo brakes) and 89 automatic vehicles (with 9 autos also fitted with the upgraded front & rear Brembo brake package).
All vehicles were finished in Silhouette black with contrasting stripe packages (with one GT-P vehicle, build number 146, produced with promotional 'Brembo red' stripes over Silhouette black). All vehicles were fitted with 19-inch alloy wheels with black accents to complete the exterior package.
When this model was released, build number 1 and 40 were not available for sale to the general public due to the significances of the numbers.
F6 Typhoon "R-Spec"
FPV followed on with the FPV F6 Typhoon. In 2007, 300 limited edition "R-Spec" versions of the BF MKII F6 Typhoon were made available. This model was equipped with several upgrades including stiffer suspension and 19x8-inch alloy wheels which sought to improve the car's handling. Additional upgrades also included leather seats as standard, "R-Spec" floor mats, Interior Car Console MP3 accessory port and F6 R Spec build plates and badging. Colours that the "R-Spec" Typhoon was released in included Winter White, Lightning Strike, Vixen, Neo, Ego, Bionic and Silhouette. Apart from their badging, "R-Spec" Typhoons can be identified by their Thurderstorm Grey inserts seen on the front and rear bumper bars, fog light surrounds, rear spoiler pillars and alloy wheels. The "R-Spec" model was also available as a special order in custom option colour choices. At least 9 units are known to be painted in Ford's Conquer Blue metallic with Dark Argent inserts.
The BF F6 is the only non V8-engined "R-Spec" product ever made by FPV.
GT "Cobra"
In 2008, FPV released a total of 400 Cobra "R-Spec" sedans (plus 100 FPV Super Pursuit "Cobra" utes not badged "GT" or "R-Spec"), which featured a distinctive blue on white paint scheme seen on the XC series Falcon Cobra models of 1978. Relative to other FPV models, power was increased to (up from ), making this the only "R-Spec" to feature both the upgraded handling package and engine upgrade. On release, FPV dealers were charging vastly more (up to an additional $44,000) than the recommended retail price, with early buyers also selling their cars at a premium. This Cobra model has since become highly collectable.
FG series
GT "R-Spec"
In 2011, FPV presented the GT "Black" at the Sydney Motor Show,. The car featured not only a new look but wheels and suspension changes. The car that went on sale unfortunately was reduced to a simple blacked out paint job and a new matte black strip kit. It wasn't until the R-Spec arrived a year later that the concept changes started to appear.
In 2012 FPV released codename "Panther", a new track-focused "GT R-Spec", using the current "GT" with its / supercharged 5.0-litre V8 engine, in so doing creating Australia's fastest accelerating production car. Although rated at , actual engine outputs were closer to , with many production models running up at the rear wheels when dyno-tested. For many enthusiasts, this GT "R-Spec" is seen as the spiritual successor of the original "GT-HO" models that ended with the 1971 Ford XY Falcon GT. Ford (and FPV), however, have always remained reluctant to recycle the "HO" nameplate on its modern-day products. The GT R-Spec is still the fastest ever Australian produced Ford over the 1/4mile.
A raft of changes included a launch control system, stiffer engine and transmission mounts and retuned suspension. The suspension gained stiffer upper control arm bushes, stiffer upper strut mounts and retuned dampers at the front, with the rear gaining higher spring rates, retuned dampers, a larger anti-roll bar and reinforced lower control arms. The rear also gained a wider 9-inch wheel package shod with 275/30 R19 tyres and revised toe-link settings. This "R-Spec" also ended up being a louder car than the regular GT and GT-P despite no particular changes to that effect. The R-Spec split public and owners on not only looks but the package as well. For the first and only time Ford/FPV produced a car with major changes in drive and handling. Many existing FPV owners were quick to down play what was actually quiet a good package which significantly improved drive and performance.
In total, 175 units were built painted Silhouette black with red accents and a "C" stripe down each side, echoing the 2012 Ford Mustang "302 Boss" Laguna Seca. Kinetic blue, Vixen and Winter white were the other colours available to order, featuring black accents and stripe package instead.
The NSW Police Force received a Winter White "R-Spec" (build no. 150) to commemorate its 150th Anniversary in 2012. With the power upgraded to , it was the most powerful Australian highway patrol car ever that has been used for public liaison and awareness purposes at motorsport events across the state.
Performance
1/4 mile 12.5 at
0–100 km/h (0-62 mph) in 4.5 seconds
These times better those set by the rival HSV W427 in 2008, then at the time Australia's quickest production car. Owners have run as quick as 12.1 over the 1/4 mile and 4.3s to 100 km/h.
FG GT-F "351"
In 2014, as a final send-off for the GT, FPV released 550 examples of the GT-F "351". This time, however, "351" nameplate which was used as a tribute to the original Ford Falcon GTs referred to the engine output in kW rather than the forebear's historic cubic capacity. The GT-F received all the suspension and drivetrain upgrades from the FG "R-Spec", coupled with an engine featuring a 4% increase remap tune to bring an output to (with an "over-boost function" bringing power to over for short periods, dependent on conditions) around 10-15 kW (13-20 hp) more at the rear wheels. From the outside, the GT-F borrowed the visual features of the preceding "R-Spec" without, however, bearing that badge. It featured a unique stripe kit consisting of a single stripe over the top of the car's body, and the black painted accents on specific areas of the car. Despite the extra engine power, the GT-F was no faster than previous "R-Spec" cars in either a 0-100 sprint or over the 1/4mile during extensive media testing.
Ford and FPV's limited development budget saw this project completed in just 2 months. The last GT-F unit numbered 500 (50 units went to NZ) was sold on an eBay charity auction for $234,000 and featured a one-off colour and personalised features for the winning bidder.
References
External links
Ford Performance Vehicles
GT R-Spec
Cars of Australia
GT R Spec
Full-size vehicles
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Sports sedans
Cars introduced in 2012
2010s cars
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1721545
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contributory%20negligence
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Contributory negligence
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In some common law jurisdictions, contributory negligence is a defense to a tort claim based on negligence. If it is available, the defense completely bars plaintiffs from any recovery if they contribute to their own injury through their own negligence.
Because the contributory negligence doctrine can lead to harsh results, many common law jurisdictions have abolished it in favor of a "comparative fault" or "comparative negligence" approach. A comparative negligence approach reduces the plaintiff's damages award by the percentage of fault that the fact-finder assigns to the plaintiff for his or her own injury. For example, if a jury thinks that the plaintiff is 30% at fault for his own injury, the plaintiff's damages award will be reduced by 30%.
History
The doctrine of contributory negligence was dominant in U.S. jurisprudence in the 19th and 20th century. The English case Butterfield v. Forrester is generally recognized as the first appearance, although in this case the judge held that the plaintiff's own negligence undermined his argument that the defendant was the proximate cause of the injury. Whether contributory negligence is construed as negating proximate causation or as an affirmative defense, the effect is the same either way: the plaintiff's contributory negligence bars his or her recovery.
Burden of proof
In some jurisdictions, in order to successfully raise a contributory negligence defense, the defendant must prove the negligence of a plaintiff or claimant. In others, the burden of proof is on a plaintiff to disprove his or her own negligence.
Even if the plaintiff was negligent, the tortfeasor may still be held liable if he or she had the last clear chance to prevent the injury, meaning that even though the plaintiff was negligent the defendant was the last person with a clear opportunity to take action that would have prevented the plaintiff's injury from occurring.
Examples of contributory negligence
Example 1: A pedestrian crosses a road negligently and is hit by a driver who was driving negligently. Since the pedestrian has also contributed to the accident, they may be barred from complete and full recovery of damages from the driver (or their insurer) because the accident was less likely to occur if it hadn't been for their failure to keep a proper lookout.
Example 2: Another example of contributory negligence is where a plaintiff actively disregards warnings or fails to take reasonable steps for his or her safety, such as diving in shallow water without checking the depth first.
Pleading requirements
In some jurisdictions, such as United States federal courts, contributory negligence must be pleaded in the defendant's answer to the complaint as an affirmative defense. But in some jurisdictions it may be applied by the court in a tort matter irrespective of whether it was pleaded as a defense.
Availability
The contributory negligence defense is not available to a tortfeasor whose conduct rises above the level of ordinary negligence to intentional or malicious wrongdoing.
The classic version of contributory negligence, where a plaintiff who is even 0.01% negligent is barred from recovery, nowadays is referred to as "pure contributory negligence." Some states have adopted a "modified" or "mixed" version of contributory negligence where the plaintiff is only barred from recovery if he or she was more than a certain percentage at fault (typically, more than 50% at fault for his or her own injury).
Australia
In Australia, civil liability is governed by the Australian common law and the relevant statutes of the States and Territories. Most jurisdictions have enacted legislation that covers findings of non-absolute contributory negligence otherwise known as comparative negligence. In New South Wales, upon a finding by the court of contributory negligence, the award of damages is reduced by the same percentage as the plaintiff's own negligence. For example, if the plaintiff was 50% negligent in causing his or her own accident, but would otherwise be entitled to $100,000 in damages, a court will award only $50,000. A court is also permitted find that 100% contributory negligence is applicable in which case the plaintiff is not entitled to any damages. However, a finding of 100% contributory negligence has never been upheld by an appeal court in Australia and the provision of the Civil Liability Act has received been identified by some judges and academics as a strange provision. Determining the extent of the contributory negligence is subjective and heavily dependent on the evidence available. Parties will often work to negotiate a mutually satisfactory percentage figure when engaging in alternative dispute resolution (such as mediation). If the matter does not settle, a percentage figure is ultimately assigned by the court at the hearing.
In Australia, contributory negligence is available when the plaintiff's own negligence contributed to its own injuries. Also refer to Pennington v Norris for second test.
United States
In the United States, the pure contributory negligence only applies in Alabama, Maryland, North Carolina and Virginia. The District of Columbia largely follows the contributory negligence model, but with exceptions for motor vehicle accidents involving pedestrians and bicycles. Indiana applies pure contributory negligence to medical malpractice cases and tort claims against governmental entities. In the other 45 states in the U.S., plaintiff's recovery is simply diminished by the extent to which he or she contributed to the harm under principles of comparative negligence, with some states using a mixed model of comparative and contributory negligence. A state with a mixed model may, for example, prevent a plaintiff from recovering damages if the plaintiff is determined to bear more than 50% of the responsibility for his or her own injury.
It is not a defense to any intentional tort.
United Kingdom
In England and Wales, it is not possible to defeat a claim under contributory negligence and therefore completely deny the victim compensation. It does however allow for a reduction in damages recoverable to the extent that the court sees fit.
In England and Wales, it is not a defense to the tort of conversion or trespass to chattels.
India
In India compensation in favour of victim gets reduced in proportion with his negligence.
See also
Comparative negligence
Comparative responsibility
Damages
Last clear chance
In pari delicto
References
External links
Worldlii links to resources on the subject of damages
Tort law
Law of negligence
Legal doctrines and principles
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54975976
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr.%20Charles%20Smith
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Dr. Charles Smith
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Dr. Charles Smith (born 1940, New Orleans, Louisiana) is a visual artist, historian, activist and minister who lives and works in Hammond, Louisiana. His sculptural work focuses on African and African American history.
Early life and education
Charles Smith was born in New Orleans in 1940 to Bertha Mary Smith. When Smith was 14 his father was drowned in a hate crime. His mother moved him and his two sisters to Chicago after his father's racially motivated murder. They lived in the diverse Maxwell Street District near 14th Street. A year later, in 1955, Mrs. Smith took Charles to view the body of Emmett Till at the Roberts Temple Church of God. These experiences helped to seed Smith's understanding of racism in the States.
In 1964 Smith worked for Trans World Airlines and as a postal carrier, working the two jobs in order to save money to purchase a home for his new wife and himself. In 1966 Smith was drafted into the Marine Corps where he spent two years in Vietnam, being honorably discharged with a Purple Heart in 1968 due to injury. The physical impact of Agent Orange caused health issues that continue to this day. He was also severely psychologically and spiritually impacted from experiences there, resulting in Smith's divorce and increasing Posttraumatic stress disorder through 18 years of post-combat struggle before finding his calling as an artist.
Besides his formal studies at the Virginia Black Training Academy, for his numerous years of life experience, studying and wisdom, Smith began using his self-imposed title, as an equivalency to a PhD.
Career
Thematically, Charles' work confronts what he sees as the erasure of Black history by recreating scenes and icons of those narratives in a formula of concrete and mixed media of his invention. His work is created and in situ is housed primarily outdoors. In 2000, he co-founded the Algiers Folk Art Zone & Blues Museum along with artist Charles Gillam Sr.
Aurora, Illinois
In 1986 Smith began fourteen years of often twelve-hour-day cathartic creative work on his home in Aurora, Illinois as an art environment. He said God told him to make art as a weapon to combat his depression, pain and anger. He built sculptures and monuments to memorialize moments in Black history and racism. He began with his own experience and struggle as a US Marine Corps veteran and has documented moments before American slavery through the present. He established this outdoor museum as the non-profit African American History Museum and Black Veteran's Archive. His Aurora site culminated in 600 sculptures and 150 fixed pieces. The Art Institute of Chicago named his museum a Millennium Site in 1999.
Smith is one of three living artists whose work is part of the John Michael Kohler Art Center's permanent collection. The Kohler Foundation purchased 448 of Smith's work from his Aurora, Illinois in 2000, of which 200 remained in their Art Center's permanent collection.
Smith maintains a relationship to Aurora Illinois, having set up a foundation to care for the site after his departure. In 2004 there was an opening celebration cosigned by Kane County and Aurora Township with tourism in mind. Despite this first property falling to disrepair and precarious community support, the remaining sculptures still paint a narrative that draws tourists. Emmett Till's mother, Mamie Till, wrote Smith a letter thanking him for creating a work so impactful.
Hammond, Louisiana
In 2002 Smith was traveling to New Orleans to help his ailing mother when he stopped to rest and found a grave stone of Peter Hammond's "Unnamed Slave Boy." This became a calling for him to relocate to Hammond, Louisiana and has established his second art environment and a new Museum there.
The Hammond site's house references Egyptian architecture and ancient tomb and is boldly painted black and white. The steps to the front door read, "Trust God."
Exhibitions
Smith's work is in the permanent collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
His work was included in Life, Liberty & Pursuit of Happiness at the American Visionary Art Museum in 2010.
In 2017 he lectured at the African American Men of Unity in Aurora and at The Road Less Traveled conference in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. His work was auctioned at the New Orleans Botanical Garden benefit in 2017.
His work was included in The Kohler Art Center's 50th Anniversary exhibition series, The Road Less Traveled in 2017-18. His exhibition for this series was honored as the number two selection for "Best of 2017" in Art Forum magazine.
In 2018 Smith's work was included the 10-artist exhibition, Chicago Calling: Art Against the Flow, curated by Lisa Stone and Kenneth Burkhart at Intuit: The Center for Intuitive and Outsider Art as part of Art Design Chicago. Included in the exhibit with Smith's work were works by Henry Darger, Gregory Warmack (known as “Mr. Imagination”), Joseph Yoakum and Lee Godie. Smith was the only living artist in the exhibition.
Works
Smith heavily uses metaphor, symbolism, news stories, historical narratives and his own experiences in the formal choices and spatial relationships of his sculptures to create his dense art environments. Visitors weave around the pieces following his often life-sized dioramas and the literal path he has made for tours. Besides his life experience, his motivation is to heal the world by educating people about Black history through his work. The installation was constantly evolving and changing as Smith built new work. "Everything moves along extemporaneously as God moves me. He shows me how to do it, where to put it, and how to construct it." Smith said.
Middle Passage was created out of large rock, broken concrete, and wood. It depicted the narrative of Black people in Africa, going through the Middle Passage and into slavery. The work was installed on North Avenue at South Kendall Street in Aurora, Illinois. The sculpture acted as a perimeter protecting to his environment and went on to include imagery from the Civil Rights Movement, all with three-quarters to life sized figures. Most of his work is built with found materials with a cement mixture covering armatures and then painted. He calls the patina the sculptures gain through exposure to the outdoor elements "weatherization."
Sergeant Ramey was at the center of his Aurora property atop his roof. It is a memorial depicting one of Smith's close friends who died in combat, a memory that stays with Smith.
Smith's goal has been to teach Black youth about their history and he wants to have work installed at certain points along I-55 to memorialize not only the Great Migration but also his family's migration from New Orleans to Chicago. Each site would document and offer healing lessons on Black history.
Personal life
Smith was married in 1964 and divorced after his return from combat in 1968. Alongside his sculptural work Smith was an ordained minister. He was a pastor at God's House of Prayer and Holiness in Memphis Tennessee.
Much of his work outside of his sculpture is working to help heal people psychologically. He's advocated for other Vietnam veterans, worked with the Congressional Black Caucus on Agent Orange and on Jesse Jackson's PUSH coalition.
References
External links
The John Michael Kohler Art Center
1940 births
Living people
African-American artists
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
People from New Orleans
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American people
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46395244
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air%20Spain
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Air Spain
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Air Spain was a Spanish charter airline that operated from 1965 to 1975. Its main base was Son Sant Joan Airport, in Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands.
Air Spain declared bankruptcy in 1975 and its fleet was sold off by the following year.
History
Air Spain was established in January 1965 by Lieutenant General Rafael García Valiño and Banco del Noroeste. Its Director General was José Maria Rivero de Aguilar and its Director of Operations Colonel Carbó. Both directors were relatives of General García Valiño and both were as well from military background, which facilitated their relationship with the Director General of Civil Aviation and made possible the issuing of licenses, a common practice in Francoist Spain.
The airline began operations in May 1967 using former British Eagle Bristol Britannia turboprop aircraft. With the aim of modernizing the fleet, the Britannias were replaced between 1971 and 1973 by former Eastern Air Lines Douglas DC-8-20.
As a result of increased operation costs owing to the lack of passenger traffic during the winter months and the 1973 oil crisis, the airline ceased operations in February 1975.
Destinations
Air Spain was geared mainly towards tourism in Spain, which at that time was booming. International services were operated between different European cities and the airports of the Balearic Islands, Barcelona, the Canary Islands, Málaga, Alicante and Girona. Flights were on a charter basis, reaching a peak during the summer months in Peninsular Spain destinations, as well as in the Balearic Islands.
Fleet
4 Bristol Britannia
6 Douglas DC-8-20
See also
List of defunct airlines of Spain
References
External links
Aerobernie - Air Spain
Airlines - Spain
Defunct airlines of Spain
Airlines established in 1965
Airlines disestablished in 1975
1975 disestablishments in Spain
Spanish companies established in 1965
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31012125
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count%20of%20Chinch%C3%B3n
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Count of Chinchón
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Count of Chinchón () is a title of Spanish nobility. It was initially created on 9 May 1520 by King Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (Charles I of Spain), who granted the title to Fernando de Cabrera y Bobadilla.
History
The title, and its dominion over the territory of twenty towns including Chinchón itself, remained in the Cabrera family until 1683. At that point, the Italian aristocratic Savelli family acquired the county.
In 1738, José Sforza-Cesarini-Savelli, 11th Count of Chinchón, sold the territory and the title to King Philip V of Spain's son, Philip, 12th Count of Chinchón. He ceded the county on 28 May 1761 to his younger brother, Luis, 13th Count of Chinchón. However, Luis and his successors would lose the rights to the Spanish throne following a battle of succession amongst his brothers (Charles III of Spain was the victor).
The title was recreated on 25 April 1794 by Charles IV of Spain for Luis' son, Luis María de Borbón y Vallabriga, who took the title of 14th Count of Chinchón. His sister later became the 15th Countess of Chinchón and when she died in 1828, she was succeeded by her daughter, Carlota de Godoy. The Italian Ruspoli family subsequently acquired the title through the marriage of Camillo Ruspoli with Carlota de Godoy.
List of titleholders
The dominion of Chinchón
This extensive state was granted in perpetuity by the Catholic Monarchs by Royal Order given at Toledo on July 20, 1489, and endorsed by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, his secretary, in favor of Andrés de Cabrera and Beatriz de Bobadilla, the first Marquis of Moya. The señorío included twenty villages and numerous places, with 1,200 vasallos, that had been dismembered shortly before the jurisdiction of the city of Segovia and incorporated to Corona. The villas in it included Valdelaguna, Chinchón, Valdeconejos, Bayona de Tajuña, San Martin de la Vega, Ciempozuelos and Seseña, all in the sexmo of Valdemoro; And in that of Casarrubios, those of Moraleja de Enmedio, Moraleja la Mayor, Serranillos, La Cabeza, Zarzuela, Puebla de Mari Martín, Tiracentenos, Sacedón, Cienvallejos, Odón, Brunete, Quijorna and Vega Sagrilla, with all their lands
And pastures, and with "civil and criminal jurisdiction high and low, a mere and mixed empire, and separately by itself and on their own in them and each of them, mayors, sheriff, clerk and crier, gallows and pillory, Chain of scourge, and the other insignia of our righteousness. "
On July of that year, the Marquises of Moya had given power to Martin de Alarcon, commander of the Membrilla, to take possession of these villas and jurisdiction on his behalf. The Catholic Monarchs issued a Royal Decree on July 6 ordering all of them to give possession to the said Marquises as new lords. The city of Segovia strongly opposed this dismemberment and moved several lawsuits against the counts of Chinchón, demanding the suppression of the mercy and maintaining the right of all the pastors of its community of city and earth to use of the pastures of the señorío. These lawsuits lasted for 112 years and during that time it was provided that the meadows, ejidos and watering places included in the donation to the marquises of Moya were reduced to the common pasture of the Segovians. On June 12, 1592, through the mediation of Bishop Andrés Pacheco, a concord was signed between this consistory and Diego Fernandez de Cabrera and Bobadilla, III Count of Chinchón, which ended the litigation and was confirmed by King Felipe II in Illescas on 29 May of the same year and at San Lorenzo del Escorial on 17 July 1793.3
The first marquises of Moya linked the señorío de Chinchón, along with the perpetual offices of mayor and guard of the Reales Alcázares de Segovia and treasurer of his mint, in a mayorazgo that they founded in the head of Fernando de Cabrera and Bobadilla, his Second son, that in 1520 was created I count of Chinchón.
House of Cabrera and descendants
• I Count: Fernando de Cabrera y Bobadilla, 1st Count of Chinchón, mayor and perpetual guard of the Royal Alcazar of Segovia and treasurer of the mint of this city, knight of Santiago and commander of Montemolín. He fought against the comuneros with the degree of great captain, died in 1521 and was buried with his wife in the disappeared church of Our Lady of Grace of Chinchón, and later transferred to the new one of the Assumption.
He married Teresa de la Cueva, a native of Cuéllar, daughter of Francisco I Fernandez de la Cueva and Mendoza, II Duke of Alburquerque, II Count of Ledesma and II of Huelma, and Francisca de Toledo, his wife, daughter of the first dukes Of Alba.
In 1521, his son succeeded him:
• II Count: Pedro Fernandez de Cabrera y Bobadilla, natural and II Count of Chinchón, butler of King Felipe II and minister of his Councils of State, War, Italy and Aragon.4 He possessed the perpetual offices of his father, to which he added those of Ensign Major of Segovia5 and general treasurer of the Kingdom and Crown of Aragon, with place in this council and in the one of Italy, also by interest of inheritance.
He married Mencía de Mendoza and Cerda, daughter of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, I Count of Mélito and Aliano (titles of the kingdom of Naples), and of Ana de la Cerda, his wife, Miedes, Galve, Pastrana and Mandayona; Granddaughter of Cardinal Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza, archbishop of Toledo, and of Mencía de Lemos, and maternal of Inigo López de la Cerda, of the counts of Medinaceli, and of Brianda de Castro.
In 1575 his son succeeded
• III Count: Diego Fernández de Cabrera y Bobadilla (nc1535), III Count of Chinchón, treasurer of the Crown of Aragon and the Mint of Segovia, second lieutenant of this city and mayor of his Royal Alcazar, patron and general protector of the Franciscan Order, all in perpetuity. It served to the King in the relief of Mazalquivir (1563) and in the wars with France, being in Batalla de San Quintín (1557).
It happened to his father in the general treasury of Aragon, perpetual office by which he was born member of the Supreme Council of that crown, with voice also of Italy. He held the position when the Alterations of Aragon took place, and "it was unpleasant to the Aragonese, because they feared that it did not correspond to their wills".
He married Ines Pacheco, his second cousin, a native of Escalona, who was baptized on July 10, 1537, daughter of Diego López Pacheco, III Marquis of Villena, III Duke of Escalona, III Count of Xiquena and VI of San Esteban de Gormaz, and Of Luisa de Cabrera and Bobadilla, III marquesa de Moya; Granddaughter of ... and mother of Juan Perez de Cabrera and Bobadilla, II Marquis of Moya, and Ana de Mendoza, of the Dukes of the Infantado.
Around 1600 his son succeeded
• IV Count: Luis Jerónimo Fernández de Cabrera y Bobadilla (1586-1647), IV Count of Chinchón, Viceroy of Peru, Commander of Campo de Criptana in the Order of Santiago. Born in Madrid, he was baptized in San Nicolás on October 20, 1586, and died in the same town on October 28, 1647.
It was the last one of his house that possessed the dignity of general treasurer of Aragon, with place in the Council of this crown and voice also in the one of Italy. He entered to practice it by Real Despacho of 18 November 1612, after fulfilling the minimum age required of 25 years; He renounced it about 1625, and S.M. It was again granted to Juan de Mendoza and Luna, III marquis de Montesclaros, by Royal Office of January 8, 1627.15
He married twice: first with Ana Osorio, who had no succession, daughter of Pedro Álvarez Osorio, VIII Marquis of Astorga, IX Count of Trastamara and VIII of Santa Marta.
And the second time he married Francisca Enríquez de Ribera, a native of Seville. This lady, being viceroy of Peru, cured of fevers in 1629 thanks to the treatment with quina bark. His case became famed and contributed to the dissemination of this indigenous medicine of the Indies, which in his memory was called chinchona. She was the sister of Inés de Guzmán, a woman of Andrés de Castro (of the counts of Lemos, cousin of her husband) and mother of the VI and the VIII Countess of Chinchón. Daughter of Perafán de Ribera and Inés Enríquez Tavera de Saavedra, heiress of the house and mayorazgo of Saavedra and I:st Countess de la Torre, lady of honor of the Queen of France and lady of honor of the one of Spain; Granddaughter of Perafán de Ribera, descendant of the adelantados of Andalusia, and Antonia de Guzmán.
In 1647 he succeeded his only son, born of the second marriage:
• V Count: Francisco Fausto Fernández de Cabrera y Bobadilla, V Count of Chinchón, I Marquis of San Martín de la Vega. He was born on January 25, 1629, in the place of San Bayaque, corregimiento de Saña and Kingdom of Peru, 14 and died on October 3, 1665.16 In 1636, when he was still a child and in the life of his father, King Philip IV granted him The title of waiting of marquess of San Martin de la Vega, on one of the towns of the sexmo of Valdemoro that integrated the señorío of Chinchón.
He married Juana de Cordoba and Velasco, the natural daughter of Luis de Velasco and Tovar, the Mudo, I Viscount of Sauquillo and I Marquis of Fresno, knight of the Order of Santiago and commander of Portezuelo in that of Alcantara, and granddaughter of Constable Juan Fernandez de Velasco and Tovar, V Duque de Frías, and Juana de Córdoba and Aragon, his second wife.18 They had no offspring.
In October 1665 happened to him to his cousin
• VI Countess: Inés de Castro Cabrera y Bobadilla (c.1635-1665), VI Countess of Chinchón, II Marquesa de San Martín de la Vega, Queen of the Marian Queen of Austria, a member of the Second Count of Chinchón, daughter of the Comendador Andrés de Castro and granddaughter of the V Counts of Lemos. She was the second cousin of her predecessor for the line of succession of the house, which was the paternal of both, but also her carnal cousin, for their mothers were sisters. And he survived only two months, for he died in Madrid on December 27, 1665.16 At this time he came into possession of the mayorazgo and jurisdictions, but did not title.
He married in the Royal Palace of Buen Retiro, on November 11, 1657,16 with Jose Alejo de Cárdenas Ulloa y Zúñiga (c.1630-1665), XI Count of Puebla del Maestre, X de Nieva and Villalonso, II Marquis Of Bacares, VI of La Mota and V of Auñón, lord of the house of Valda and added in Azcoitia, patron of the church of Santa Maria la Real of this town and of the convent of San Felipe el Real of Madrid, elect extraordinary ambassador From SMC In France (1685), butler of King Charles II and the gentleman of his Chamber with entry, son of Diego de Cárdenas y Herrera, X conde de la Puebla del Maestre, I marqués de Bacares and III de Auñón, knight of Santiago, assistant and Master of the general field of Seville, and Mariana de Ulloa Zúñiga and Velasco, his wife, IX Countess of Nieva and V Marquesa de la Mota.
In 1666 his daughter succeeded
• VII Countess: Francisca de Cárdenas Cabrera y Bobadilla (1660-1669), VII Countess of Chinchón, XII of Puebla del Maestre, XI de Nieva and Villalonso, IV Marquesa de Bacares, VII de la Mota, VI de Auñón and III de San Martín De la Vega, girl of the Queen mother Mariana of Austria. She died on October 23, 1669, at the age of nine, 16 and was buried in the convent of Preachers of Our Lady of Atocha.
In 1669 his carnal aunt, his mother's sister, succeeded him:
• VIII Countess: Francisca de Castro Cabrera y Bobadilla, VIII Countess of Chinchón, IV Marquesa de San Martín de la Vega. He married twice: first with Francisco de Guzman († 1672), son of Pedro de Guzmán, III marquis de la Algaba and VI of Ardales, VI conde de Teba, and in second nuptials with Enrique de Benavides and Bazán, marquis de Bayona. The VIII Countess died without descent on February 22, 1683.16
In 1683 his third cousin succeeded• IX Count: Julio Savelli and Peretti, IX Count of Chinchón, III Prince of Albano and II of Venafro, II Duke of Ariccia, Marquis of San Martino, Count of Celano, Baron of Pescina, perpetual marshal of the Holy Roman Church, Lord of San Rufino, San Benedetto dei Marsi, Aschi, Cocullo, Venere, Cerchio, Lecce dei Marsi, Gioia dei Marsi, Biseglia, San Sebastiano, Sperone, Ortucchio, Torre in Pietra, Palidoro, Tor Lupara, Montana, Grotta Scrofana, Stazzano and Castel Cretone, Toisón de Oro. Top affiliated as tataranieto II Count of Chinchón: great-grandson of Leonor de la Cerda and grandson of the I princes of Venafro. Some sources consider him to be great of Spain, concessionaire of a dignity of such supposedly created by King Philip IV towards 1683.2
He married twice: first with Anna Aldobrandini, his carnal cousin, daughter of Pietro Aldobrandini, Duke of Carpineto, and Carlotta Savelli, his wife, who was the sister of Julio's father; Granddaughter of Gian Francesco Aldobrandini, general of the Holy Roman Church, the offshoot of a minor branch of the Aldobrandini established in Florence, and of Olimpia Aldobrandini, of the major branch, princess of Rossano, who was sister of Cardinal camerlengo Pietro Aldobrandini and niece carnal Of Pope Clement VIII, 20 and maternal of the I princes of Albano, already mentioned.
And secondly he married Caterina Giustiniani, daughter of Andrea Giustiniani, I Prince of Bassano, and Maria Flaminia Pamphili. Of the first she had a legitimate son:
In 1719 his nephew grandson succeeded
•X Count: Juan Jorge Sforza Cesarini Savelli (Rome 1678 - Pamplona 1729), 21 X Count of Chinchón. No descendants.
In 1729 his nephew Carnal happened
• XI Count: José Sforza Cesarini Savelli (1705-1774), 11th Count of Chinchón, prince of Santa Flora, Genzano and Valmontone, Duke of Segni, etc., knight of the Golden Fleece (1738). Last county holder of the downline of the first concessionaire. He married Maria Francisca Giustiniani, of the princes of Bassano, and they had numerous descendants. Three of their sons gave birth to the Sforza-Cesarini lines: the firstborn of the princes of Santa Flora and Genzano, the dukes of Segni, and the counts of Celano.
House of Borbón and descendants
Alienation in favor of the Duke of Parma (1738)
The title and state of count of Chinchón was sold in 1738 by the XI count, Jose Sforza Cesarini Savelli, with license of King Felipe V, in favor of the
• XII Count: Infante de España Don Felipe de Borbón, XII Count of Chinchón (son of the King and Isabel de Farnesio, his second consort), who later became Duke of Parma, Plasencia and Guastalla. He married Princess Luisa Isabel of France, also of the house of Bourbon, daughter of the Kings Luis XV of France and Maria Leszczynska, its first consort, of the real house of Poland, and had descendants in which follows the house of Parma.
Alienation in favor of the infant Don Luis (1761)
The Duke of Parma again sold the county of Chinchón 28 May 1761, with license of its brother King Carlos III, in favor of a whole brother and smaller of both:
• XIII Count: Luis of Bourbon and Farnese. He had been archbishop of Toledo and Seville and cardinal of the title of Santa Maria della Scala, but resigned his ecclesiastical positions and obtained the resignation of the clerical state to marry Maria Teresa Of Vallabriga and Rozas, 1 daughter of Luis de Vallabriga and Maria Josefa de Rozas y Melfort, III Countess of Castelblanco.
Second Creation (1794)
The second creation of the county was made effective by Royal Decree of Carlos IV given 25 April 1794. This is the current date of creation according to the Diputación Permanente de Títulos del Reino, also mentioning the date of 1520 as the Primitive creation.
• XIV Count: Luis María Cardinal de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas, XIV conde de Chinchón, 24 concessionaire of the greatness of Spain in 1799, Marquis de San Martín de la Vega, son morganático of the infant Don Luis. He was like his father archbishop of Seville and Toledo, cardinal of the title of Santa Maria della Scala and knight of the Golden Toisón. No descendants.
The 1 July 1803 yielded the county to its sister
• XV Countess: Maria Teresa de Borbón y Vallabriga, XV Countess of Chinchón, great of Spain, I Countess of Boadilla del Monte (title that was elevated to marquesado in the person of its daughter Carlota). He married Manuel Godoy and Álvarez de Faria, Prince of Peace, I Duke of Alcudia and I of Sueca, both with greatness, I Baron de Mascalbó, I Prince of Bassano (Pontifical title) and I Count of Evoramonte (title From Portugal). This marriage was declared void.
His only daughter succeeded him:
• XVI Countess: Carlota Luisa Manuela de Godoy y Borbón, XVI Countess of Chinchón, II Duchess of Sueca, twice gandee of Spain, I marquess of Boadilla del Monte. King Ferdinand VII restored half of the property seized to his father. He inherited the magnificent collection of works of art of his uncle Cardinal Luis María Cardinal de Borbón y Vallabriga, Farnesio y Rozas, as well as all the paintings of his aunt María Luisa de Borbón and Vallabriga, both brothers of his mother. He married in Rome on November 8, 1821, with Camilo Rúspoli and Khevenhüller-Mestch (1788-1864), Roman prince, leader of the dragon squadron of Pope Leo XII, knight of the Order of Malta, master of Granada and great cross of Carlos III, son of Francesco Ruspoli, III prince of Cerveteri, and of the countess Maria Leopoldina de Khevenhüller-Metsch. his son grandson her:
•XVII Count: Carlos Luis Rúspoli and Álvarez de Toledo (1858-1936), XVII Count of Chinchón (by cession of his grandmother, former Countess, and resignation of his father Adolfo Rúspoli), III Duke of Alcudia and III of Sueca, three times Grandee of Spain, IV count of Evoramonte. He married twice: first with Carmen Caro and Caro, from the Counts of Caltavuturo,
He was succeeded by his son from the first marriage
• XVIII Count: Camilo Carlos Adolfo Rúspoli y Caro, XVIII Count of Chinchón, IV Duke of Alcudia and IV of Sueca, three times grandee of Spain, V Marquis of Boadilla del Monte. He married Belén Morenés and Arteaga, the eighteenth Countess of Bañares.
He was succeeded by his son
•XIX Count: Carlos Oswaldo Rúspoli and Morenés (1932-2016), XIX Count of Chinchón, V Duke of Alcudia and V of Sueca, three times grandee of Spain. He was born in San Sebastián on August 5, 1932, and died a widower and without descendants in Madrid on October 25, 2016. His nephew succeeded him:
•XX Count: Luis Carlos Ruspoli y Sanchíz, Morenés y Núñez-Robres (1963 –), XX Count of Chinchón, VI Duke of la Alcudia, VI Duke of Sueca, VIII Marquess of Boadilla del Monte and III Baron of Mascalbó, three times grandee of Spain. Married in Madrid, 1992 with Doña María Álvarez de las Asturias Bohorques y Rumeu, de Silva y Cruzat, daughter of Don Luis Álvarez de las Asturias Bohorques y Silva, Goyeneche y Mitjans, son of the Dukes of Gor, and Doña María Rumeu y Cruzat, de Armas y Suárez de Argudín, daughter of the Marqueses of Casa Argudín.
Family Trees
House of Cabrera and descendants
House of Borbón and descendants
See also
Chinchón
The Countess of Chinchon
References
Castilian nobility
1520 establishments in Spain
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Gwin
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William Gwin
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William Gwin may refer to:
William M. Gwin (1805–1885), American medical doctor and politician
William Gwin (naval officer) (1832–1863), officer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War
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32696257
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huelyn%20Duvall
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Huelyn Duvall
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Huelyn Wayne Duvall (August 18, 1939 – May 15, 2019) was an American rock and roll and rockabilly musician.
Career
Huelyn Duvall was born on August 18, 1939 in Garner, Texas to William Daniel Duvall and Ila Lee Measures Duvall. Duvall is known for his 1950's recordings such as "Little Boy Blue", "Boom Boom Baby", "Three Months To Kill", "Pucker Paint", and "Double Talkin' Baby", among others. He has performed with Eddie Cochran, Johnny Horton, Bobby Darin, Dale Hawkins, The Champs, and others. "Little Boy Blue" charted on Billboard in 1958, and Eddie Cochran told him it was one of his favourite songs. Duvall recorded "Boom Boom Baby" two years prior to Billy "Crash" Craddock and his version of "Double Talkin' Baby" was sent to Gene Vincent as well as "Modern Romance" to Sanford Clark.
Duvall died on May 15, 2019, at age 79.
Legacy
Huelyn Duvall was named as an influence by Robert Plant.
Discography
Singles
1957 – "Teen Queen" b/w "Comin' Or Goin'" (Challenge, CH-1012)
1958 – "Hum-Dinger" b/w "You Knock Me Out" (Challenge, 59002)
1958 – "Little Boy Blue" b/w "Three Months To Kill" (Challenge, 59014) No. 88 U.S. Pop
1958 – "Friday Night On A Dollar Bill" b/w "Juliet" (Challenge, 59025)
1959 – "Across The Aisle" b/w "It's No Wonder" (Starfire, 600)
1959 – "Tearstained Letters" b/w "Beautiful Dreamer" (Twinkle, 506)
1960 – "Pucker Paint" b/w "Boom Boom Baby" (Challenge, 59069)
2015 – "Blue Suede Shoes" feat. Long John and his Ballroom Kings (Rydell's, RR 721, France)
(Some of the singles were released in Sparton records and Apex in Canada as well)
Albums
2003 – She's My Baby (Brazos Valley Records)
2004 – The Reunion (Brazos Valley Records)
2004 – Ramblin' + Boppin''' (Rhythm Bomb Records)
2008 – Get Carried Away (Goofin' Records)
2015 – Original Singles Collection (CAB Records)
EPs
2011 – Baby Make A Move (Goofin' Records)
2014 – Double Talkin' Baby (Sleazy Records)
2016 – Got a Little Girl (CAB Records)
2018 – Greetings From El Paso (CAB Records)
Compilations
1996 – Is You is or is You Ain't? (Sundazed Records)
2003 – Three Months to Kill'' (Collector Records)
Personnel
Huelyn Duvall – Guitar and vocals
The Jordanaires – Backing vocals on "Friday Night On A Dollar Bill", "You Knock Me Out", "Boom Boom Baby", and the unissued- "Fools Hall Of Fame"
References
External links
Huelyn Duvall official website
Huelyn Duvall discography on Rockin' Country Style
Huelyn Duvall discography at WangDangDula.com
Discogs entry
1939 births
2019 deaths
American rock musicians
American rockabilly musicians
Challenge Records artists
Challenge Records (1950s) artists
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51574838
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square%20des%20Francine
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Square des Francine
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Square des Francine is a public park created from a former watering pool for horses, situated at the edge of the Avenue de Sceaux in Versailles, France. In 2016 the pool was transformed into a geometrical shrubbery park with a playground for children around a fountain.
The Francines were the family who over several generations created and oversaw the hydraulic system that ran the many fountains in the garden of Versailles during the 17th and 18th centuries. The newly created fountain is named in their honour.
History
Originally, the Square des Francine was a vacant lot in the royal domain and dominated by the Gobert reservoirs, which was transformed into the Jardin des Etangs Gobert (Gobert Pond Garden) in 2014.
In 1808, renovations by the architect Jean-Prospèr Marital created a drinking trough 32m in diameter surrounded by a stone wall and a paved ground for receiving horses, and a wall built to hide the view from the Palace of Versailles
In 1934, the field around the horse watering pool was registered in Monuments historiques (national heritage site in France) as "Abreuvoir Louis XIV" (Horse-watering-pool of Louis XIV).
During World War II, the original construction was destroyed leaving only the semicircular wall seen today.
Between 1955 and 1957, the city of Versailles developed the site into a public park with a pond of 80m2 surrounded by 4 wings of playing zone and the ring formed walking place around the wings.
Between 2012 and 2014, as part of a development plan for the Versailles Chantiers area, the semicircular wall was renovated. The rest of the area was also developed and the Square des Francine was opened to the public in 2016.
Structure of the Square des Francine
a semicircular paved wall at the edge of South-East
Inside of the wall, the shrubbery is geometrically planted, and some benches are placed
the pond has been removed and replaced by a dry fountain
The north-west side is a playground for children
Embedded in the centre of the wall is a plaque dedicated by the Mayor dated 1808 , surmounted by the Versailles coat of arms.
Movie filmed at Square des Francine
Park Benches (France, 2009)
The project of the development of Versailles Chantiers area (2012-2019)
The city of Versailles develop the building of the SNCF train station of Versailles Chantiers and its area for:
The Jardin des Etangs Gobert (2014)
The Square des Francine (2016)
The extended part of the SNCF station of Versailles Chantiers (2016)
Two new buildings for offices, apartments, shops and services (2019)
A bus station and a car parking (2019)
A new head office of Nature et Découverte (2019)
References
Buildings and structures in Versailles
Squares in France
Fountains in France
Versailles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruika%20Sato
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Ruika Sato
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Ruika Sato (born 27 March 1992) is a Japanese judoka. She competed in the women's 78 kg event at the World Judo Championships in 2013, 2014 and 2017.
In 2018, she won the gold medal in the women's 78 kg event at the 2018 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia.
References
External links
Living people
1992 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Japanese female judoka
Judoka at the 2018 Asian Games
Asian Games gold medalists for Japan
Asian Games medalists in judo
Medalists at the 2018 Asian Games
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Winslow%20Austin
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Louis Winslow Austin
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Louis Winslow Austin (October 30, 1867 – June 27, 1932) was an American physicist known for his research on long-range radio transmissions.
Austin was born in Orwell, Vermont, and educated at Middlebury College (class of 1889) and the University of Strasbourg (then in Germany), from which he received a Ph.D. in 1893. From 1893-1901, he taught physics as an instructor and assistant professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, then returned to Germany for two years at the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt in Berlin where he performed research on hot gases.
In 1904 Austin joined the National Bureau of Standards to study radio propagation. After the United States Navy established its Naval Radio Telegraphic Laboratory (later the Naval Research Laboratory) within the bureau, Austin served as its director from 1908–1923, and from 1923-1932 as chief of the Radio Physics Laboratory.
Austin's research focused on radio propagation and static, and more specifically the influence of temperature, humidity, magnetic storms, and sunspots on long-range radio transmissions. Under his direction, the Navy conducted long-distance wireless measurements in 1909 and 1910 between the USS Birmingham and USS Salem, as they steamed to Liberia and back, and Fessenden's station at Brant Rock, Massachusetts. Austin measured received impulses from the ships on the 3,750 and 1,000 meter wavelengths to determine the relationships between radio frequency, distance, and received signal strength. These measurements led Austin and collaborator Dr. Louis Cohen to develop the empirical Austin-Cohen formula for predicting radio signal strength at long distances.
Austin joined the Institute for Radio Engineers (now IEEE) in 1913, in 1914 served as its third president, and in 1927 received its Medal of Honor "for his pioneer work in the quantitative measurement and correlation of factors involved in radio wave transmission." He also served as a U.S. representative at numerous international radio conferences. Austin died on June 27, 1932, in Washington, D.C.
Personal life
Louis Winslow Austin was born 30 October 1867 at Orwell, Addison Co., Vermont, USA. He was the only child of Lewis Augustine Austin and Mary Louise Austin née Taft. As a child, he lived with his parents at Manchester, Bennington Co., Vermont, USA 1868-1872 and Meriden, Sullivan Co., New Hampshire, USA 1872-1880. He lived at Middleburg, Vermont from 1880-1889. Strassburg, Germany (now France) 1889-1893. Madison, WI, 1893-1901, where he concluded as Assistant Professor of Physics at the University of Wisconsin. He married Laura Osborne (born 10 August 1875, McGregor, Clayton County, Iowa) on 16 August 1898 at La Crosse, La Crosse County, Wisconsin.
Laura Alma Austin née Osborne was born 10 August 1875 at McGregor, Clayton Co., Iowa. She was the second of three children to Willis Leroy Osborne and Julia Livia Osborne née Colman. She lived with her parents at McGregor, Iowa 1875-1877 and La Crosse, Wisconsin 1877-1898 until her marriage. She was a student at the University of Wisconsin, graduating in the class of 1897 with a degree of Arts Bachelor. She was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta fraternity. Laura remained actively involved with her alma mater throughout her life. She was a life member of the Alumni Association of the University of Wisconsin and served several roles within the organisation. She frequently accompanied her husband in his travels (England, 1912; Panama, 1915; Puerto Rico, 1920; Europe, 1921; Europe, 1922; Japan, 1927). There were no children to the marriage.
Professional life
Brief chronology
Louis Austin studied science at Middlebury College, Vermont (close to his birthplace of Orwell) and graduated there in 1898.
Then he studied at Clark.
He travelled to Strassburg, Germany (now France).
He studied at the University of Strassburg.
In 1893 he was awarded a Doctorate of Philosophy in Physical Science.
In 1893 he returned to the US and took up a teaching position at the University of Wisconsin
In 1901 he again travelled to Germany and worked for two years on the staff of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt at Berlin-Charlottenburg.
In 1902 he returned to the US and continued his teaching career at the University of Wisconsin
In 1904 he commenced employment with the then Bureau of Standards (later renamed National Bureau of Standards, now National Institute of Standards and Technology).
In 1908 the United States Navy established the Naval Radio-Telegraphic Research Laboratory within the Bureau of Standards and Austin was appointed its Chief from inception and remained in that post until 1923.
From 1923 until his passing in 1932 he continued his work at the Bureau of Standards.
Middlebury College, Middlebury, Addison Co., Vermont, US: 1887-1889
Austin commenced his studies at Middlebury College, circa 1887 and graduated as Bachelor of Arts in 1889.
University of Strassburg, Strassburg, Germany: 1889-1890
Clark University, Worcester, Worcester Co., Massachusetts, US: 1890-1891
Austin served one year as Fellow in Physics at Clark University in Massachusetts, then returned to Germany to complete his doctoral studies.
University of Strassburg, Strassburg, Germany: 1891-1893
University of Wisconsin, Madison, Dane Co., Wisconsin, USA: 1893-1897
Austin commenced with the University of Wisconsin (now University of Wisconsin-Madison) as an Instructor in Physics in 1893, soon after the award of his Ph.D. In 1895 he was promoted to the position of Assistant Professor of Physics. At the time, the President of the University was Charles Kendall Adams and the Vice President was John Barber Parkinson. Physics then came within the College of Letters and Science under Dean Edward Asahel Birge. Other faculty members in the field of Physics at the time were Benjamin Warner Snow (Professor of Physics), John Eugene Davies (Professor of Electricity and Magnetism and Mathematical Physics), Charles Burton Thwing (Instructor in Physics) and Ervin Sidney Ferry (Instructor in Physics, taking over the position vacated by Austin in 1895).
Laboratory practice was a significant part of Austin's curriculum and in this he greatly emphasised the need for careful attention to detail to achieve the highest possible accuracy with the instruments available. This approach was heavily influenced by his time in Germany and served him well throughout his later career.
He was a close associate of Thwing, who had also received a Ph.D. in Germany (University of Bonn, under the supervision of Professor Heinrich Hertz). In their approaches to laboratory practice, Thwing and Austin were closely similar. Finding little introductory laboratory material available, together they authored in 1895 a useful book "Exercises in Physical Measurement" for first year laboratory students. It was published the following year and immediately found application both in the classes of the University and more widely. Within its pages one can see evidence of future techniques which would place him at the forefront of the radio pioneering empiricists.
Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt, Charlottenburg, Germany: 1901-1902
Returning to Germany in 1901, Austin worked at the renowned Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR) now Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Charlottenburg (now a suburb of Berlin). There he studied the properties of gases at high temperatures. Together with colleague Starke, he is credited with the discovery of secondary electron emission in 1902, which they reported in an article in Annalen der Physik. But the discovery had to await almost two decades for commercial applications to develop in the form of the photomultiplier, a key enabler of television technology and today's advances in neutrino detectors. The primary function of the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt in Germany was to establish national metrological standards including measurement and calibration techniques. In the USA that function was charged to the Bureau of Standards and Austin's work at the PTR would have been favourably viewed by his future employer.
University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, USA: 1902-1904
Austin resumed his position of Assistant Professor of Physics the University of Wisconsin in 1902 and continued there until 1904.
Bureau of Standards, Washington, District of Columbia, USA: 1904-1908
Naval Radio-Telegraphic Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, District of Columbia, USA: 1908-1923
Bureau of Standards, Washington, District of Columbia, US: 1923-1932
Austin-Cohen Formula
A mathematical model for propagation of radio frequency electromagnetic waves along the surface of the earth was for some decades one of the greatest mathematical challenges, engaging the minds of some of our foremost mathematicians. Throughout that period, as each new model was developed and promoted, it had to withstand the immediate question "how well does it match the Austin-Cohen formula?" This was the lasting testament of a few years circa 1911 of exacting measurements undertaken by Austin and his friend and colleague Louis Cohen. As in so many scientific accomplishments, there were elements of serendipity to the experiments. As is now well known the independent variables are frequency/wavelength, distance, surface conductivity. The latter variable is particularly troublesome varying greatly with the type of the ground (rock, soil, clay or sand), its depth profile, cover and moisture content; almost impossible to measure directly. A further complication is that the type of ground will itself vary over large distances of the order of hundreds of kilometres. Today effective ground conductivity is mostly calculated from measurement of the actual attenuation of radio waves propagating over that surface. But Austin's then employer was the US Department of Navy and they were principally interested in communications shore to ship and ship to ship. Austin's measurements were almost entirely over sea which has the admirable quantity of both homogeneity and constancy of surface conductivity. By eliminating conductivity from the variable set, Austin meticulous measurements with carefully calibrated but rudimentary instruments of the day, produced a clean set of data of field strength against frequency and distance. The resulting empirical model was simple, elegant and precise. It would provide for decades both his employers with a scientific basis to plan their naval radio communications services as well as the brightest mathematicians a yardstick against which to test their surfacewave propagation deterministic models. Had Austin extended his data to include the land of highly variable surface conductivity to the north, west and south of the transmitters available to him, the resultant data would have been almost chaotic for the day and likely necessitated a stochastic model for solution, similar to the problem of night-time skywave propagation to which he devoted much of his time in his remaining two decades.
Notes
References
"The Institute Medal of Honor", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1928, Vol. 16, Issue 8
Yeang, Chen-Pang, "Scientific Fact or Engineering Specification? The U.S. Navy's Experiments on Long-Range Wireless Telegraphy Circa 1910", Technology and Culture, Volume 45, Number 1, January 2004, pp. 1–29.
Yeang, Chen-Pang, "The study of long-distance radio-wave propagation, 1900-1919", Historical studies in the physical and biological sciences, 2003, vol. 33, no2, pp. 369–403. ISSN 0890-9997.
Louis Winslow Austin, Hamlin Family Tree, Rootsweb World Connect
Biographies
Obituary - Louis Winslow Austin, 1932, Science, Vol. 76, No. 1963, pp 137
IEEE History Center biography
Britannica Online entry
Orrin E. Dunlap Jr., Radio's One Hundred Men of Science
"Louis Winslow Austin", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1932, Vol. 20, Issue 8
J. E. Brittain, "Electrical Engineering Hall of Fame: Louis W. Austin", Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005, Vol. 93, Issue 12
Publications
Miscellaneous
L. W. Austin, "The effect of extreme cold on magnetism", 1894
L. W. Austin & C. B. Thwing, "Exercises in physical measurement", 1896, Allyn & Bacon
L. W. Austin, "Experimental-untersuchungen über die elastische Längs- und Torsions-nachwirkung"
L. W. Austin, and C. W. Eastman, "On the relation between heat conductivity and density in some of the common woods", 1902
L. Austin & H. Starke, "Ueber die Reflexion der Kathodenstrahlen und eine damit verbundene neue Erscheinung secundaerer Emission", Annalen der Physik, 1902, Vol. 9, P.271
Kritische Bemerkungen zu der Mitteilung der Herren Austin und Starke über Kathodenstrahlreflexion. Sonderabdruck aus 'Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft', Jahrgang 4, Nr. 8). Braunschweig, 1902
Physical Review
Louis W. Austin, "An Experimental Research on the Longitudinal and Torsional Elastic Fatigue", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1894, 1, 401–425
Louis W. Austin & Charles B. Thwing, "An Experimental Research on Gravitational Permeability", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1897, 5, 294–300
Louis W. Austin, "On the Change in Length of Soft Iron in an Alternating Magnetic Field", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1900, 10, 180–186
Louis W. Austin, "A Modification of Mance's Method of Determining Battery Resistance", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1900, 11, 117–117
Louis W. Austin, "The Application of the Manometric Flame to the Telephone", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1901, 12, 121–124
L. Holborn & L. W. Austin, "On the Specific Heat of Gases at High Temperatures", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1905, 21, 209–228
L. W. Austin, "On an Emission of Negatively Charged Particles Produced by Canal Rays", Physical Review (Series I), 1906, 22, 5, 312
L. W. Austin, "The Electrolytic Wave Detector", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1906, 22, 364–365
L. W. Austin, "The High Resistance Contact Thermo-electric Detector for Electrical Waves", Phys. Rev. (Series I), 1907, 24, 508–510
Bureau of Standards
L. W. Austin, "Detector for very small alternating currents and electrical waves", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1905, Vol. 1, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Positive charges carried by the canal rays", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1905, Vol. 1, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "On the platinum point electrolytic detector for electrical waves", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1906, Vol. 2, Issue 2
K. E. Guthe & L. W. Austin, "Experiments on the Heusler magnetic alloys", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1906, Vol. 2, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "The production of high frequency oscillations from the electric arc", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1907, Vol. 3, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Some contact rectifiers of electric currents", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1908, Vol. 5, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "A method for producing feebly damped high frequency electrical oscillations for laboratory measurements", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1908, Vol. 5, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "On the advantages of a high spark frequency in radio-telegraphy", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1908, Vol. 5, Issue 1 (Broken link, reported to publisher 24 Dec 2012, will be fixed)
L. W. Austin, "The comparative sensitiveness of some common detectors of electric oscillations", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1910, Vol. 6, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "The measurement of electrical oscillations in the receiving antenna", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1911, Vol. 7, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Some experiments with coupled high frequency circuits", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1911, Vol. 7, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Some quantitative experiments in long distance radiotelegraphy", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1911, Vol. 7, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Antenna resistance", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1913, Vol. 9, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Energy losses in some condensers used in high-frequency circuits", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1913, Vol. 9, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Quantitative experiments in radiotelegraphic transmission", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1914, Vol. 11, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Note on the resistance of radiotelegraphic antennas", Bulletin of the Bureau of Standards, 1916, Vol. 12, Issue 3
Institute of Radio Engineers
L. W. Austin, "The relation between effective resistance and frequency in radio telegraphic condensers", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1913, Vol. 1, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "The effect of a parallel condenser in the receiving antenna", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1914, Vol. 2, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Seasonal Variation in the Strength of Radiotelegraphic Signals", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1915, Vol. 3, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Experiments at the U. S. Naval Radio Station Darien, Canal Zone", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1916, Vol. 4, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "The Measurement of Radiotelegraphic Signals with the Oscillating Audion", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1917, Vol. 5, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Note on: The Measurement of Radiotelegraphic Signals with the Oscillating Audion", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1917, Vol. 5, Issue 5
L. W. Austin, "Resonance Measurements in Radiotelegraphy with the Oscillating Audion", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1919, Vol. 7, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "A New Method of Using Contact Detectors in Radio Measurements", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1919, Vol. 7, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Calculation of Antenna Capacity", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1920, Vol. 8, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Discussion of: Measurement of the electromagnetic field of waves received during trans-oceanic radio transmission", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1920, Vol. 8, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Quantitative Experiments with Coil Antennas in Radio Telegraphy", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1920, Vol. 8, Issue 5
L. W. Austin, "The Relation between Atmospheric Disturbances and Wave Length in Radio Reception", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1921, Vol. 9, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "The Reduction of Atmospheric Disturbances in Radio Reception", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1921, Vol. 9, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, March and April, 1922", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1922, Vol. 10, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the United States Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, May and June, 1922", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1922, Vol. 10, Issue 5
L. W. Austin, "The Monthly Averages of Signal Strength of Nauen in Washington, 1915-1921 and the Monthly Averages of Atmospheric Disturbances in Washington, 1918-1921", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1922, Vol. 10, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, July and August, 1922", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1922, Vol. 10, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Reception Measurements at Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Washington", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1922, Vol. 10, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the United States Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, January and February, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Observations on Lafayette and Nauen Stations in Washington, March 1, 1922, to February 28, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 5
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the United States Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, November and December, 1922", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Loop Uni-Directional Receiving Circuits for the Determination of the Direction of Atmospheric Disturbances", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the United States Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, September and October, 1922", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., May and June, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the United States Naval Radio Research Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, March and April, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1923, Vol. 11, Issue 4
L. W. Austin & E. B. Judson, "A Method of Measuring Radio Field Intensities and Atmospheric Disturbances", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 5
L. W. Austin, "Field Intensity Measurements in Washington on the Radio Corporation Stations at New Brunswick and Tuckerton, New Jersey", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Bureau of Standards, Washington, September and October, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Radio Physical Laboratory, Bureau of Standards, Washington, July and August, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Bureau of Standards, Washington, November and December, 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Long Distance Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1923", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1924, Vol. 12, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Some Trans-Pacific Radio Field Intensity Measurements", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1925, Vol. 13, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "A Suggestion for Experiments on Apparent Radio Direction Variations", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1925, Vol. 13, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "International Union for Scientific Radio Telegraphy U.R.S.I. Long Distance Radio Receiving Measurements in 1924", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1925, Vol. 13, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "A New Phenomenon in Sunset Radio Direction Variations", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1925, Vol. 13, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, R. L. Smith-Rose & R. H. Barfield, "Discussion on: A New Phenomenon in Sunset Radio Direction Variations", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1925, Vol. 13, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Direction Determinations of Atmospheric Disturbances on the Isthmus of Panama", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1926, Vol. 14, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "The Present Status of Radio Atmospheric Disturbances", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1926, Vol. 14, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Preliminary Note on Proposed Changes in the Constants of the Austin-Cohen Transmission Formula", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1926, Vol. 14, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Long Distance Radio Receiving Measurements and Atmospheric Disturbances at the Bureau of Standards in 1925", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1926, Vol. 14, Issue 5
L. W. Austin & I. J. Wymore, "Radio Signal Strength and Temperature", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1926, Vol. 14, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Discussion on: Long Distance Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1925", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1927, Vol. 15, Issue 6
L. W. Austin, "Discussion on: Long Distance Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1925", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1927, Vol. 15, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Radio Atmospheric Disturbances and Solar Activity", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1927, Vol. 15, Issue 10
L. W. Austin, "Long-Wave Radio Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1926, with Some Comparisons of Solar Activity and Radio Phenomena", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1927, Vol. 15, Issue 10
L. W. Austin, "Discussion on Long Distance Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1925", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1927, Vol. 15, Issue 12
L. W. Austin, "Discussion on Long Distance Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1925", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1928, Vol. 16, Issue 3
L. W. Austin, "Long-Wave Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1927", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1928, Vol. 16, Issue 9
L. W. Austin, "Report of the Chairman of the Commission on Radio Wave Propagation, International Union of Scientific Radio Telegraphy", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1928, Vol. 16, Issue 3
L. W. Austin & I. J. Wymore, "On the Influence of Solar Activity on Radio Transmission", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1928, Vol. 16, Issue 2
L. W. Austin, "Experiments in Recording Radio Signal Intensity", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1929, Vol. 17, Issue 7
L. W. Austin, "Long-Wave Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1928", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1930, Vol. 18, Issue 1
L. W. Austin, "Long Wave Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1929", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1930, Vol. 18, Issue 9
L. W. Austin, E. B. Judson & I. J. Wymore-Shiel "Solar and Magnetic Activity and Radio Transmission", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1930, Vol. 18, Issue 12
L. W. Austin, "Long-Wave Radio Receiving Measurements at the Bureau of Standards in 1930", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1931, Vol. 19, Issue 10
L. W. Austin, "A Method of Representing Radio Wave Propagation Conditions", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1931, Vol. 19, Issue 9
L. W. Austin, "Tables of North Atlantic Radio Transmission Conditions for Long-Wave Daylight Signals for the Years 1922-1930", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1932, Vol. 20, Issue 4
L. W. Austin, "Solar Activity and Radiotelegraphy", Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers, 1932, Vol. 20, Issue 2
1867 births
1932 deaths
American physicists
Middlebury College alumni
University of Strasbourg alumni
American electrical engineers
Radio pioneers
IEEE Medal of Honor recipients
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
People from Orwell, Vermont
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Mideast%20Conference
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American Mideast Conference
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The American Mideast Conference (AMC) was an affiliate of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics that included eight member institutions in Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Massachusetts. Founded in 1949, it was known as the Mid-Ohio League, and named the Mid-Ohio Conference from 1962 until 1998, when it adopted its final moniker. The name change was the first step in a multi-phase expansion that extended the conference into states beyond Ohio before the league was eventually disbanded in 2012.
In its final five years the conference experienced a number of changes, with numerous members moving to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Former members Roberts Wesleyan and Walsh University received admission to the NCAA and underwent the process of transferring athletics into Division II; Houghton College transitioned to Division III and joined the Empire 8 conference in 2012–13. Daemen, Roberts Wesleyan, and Point Park applied for NCAA Division II status in June 2011 and in July 2011 Roberts Wesleyan was approved for membership. In June 2011 former AMC members Cedarville, Notre Dame College, Urbana, and Ursuline College announced the creation of a new NCAA DII conference that hoped to develop and expand for an anticipated lifting of the moratorium on new NCAA DII conferences in 2013. In July 2011, Cedarville, and Notre Dame were awarded NCAA provisional status, while Malone University and Ursuline College were granted candidacy year two, all three left the NAIA and AMC for the 2011–12 academic year. With the addition of Fisher College from the collapsed Sunrise Athletic Conference, there were reports that the AMC would operate as an eight team conference in 2011–12 with the eight teams being Carlow, Daemen, Fisher, Houghton, Point Park, Roberts Wesleyan, Wilberforce, and Walsh. However, on January 12, 2012, the Kentucky Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, now known as the River States Conference, announced that it had accepted Point Park University and Carlow University as full members beginning with the 2012–13 school year. This left Fisher College and Wilberforce University as the only remaining members, but as they have now become NAIA independent schools in the Association of Independent Institution, the conference has been shut down.
Sports
The AMC formerly sponsored 15 sports:
Women's championships: cross-country, soccer, volleyball, basketball, softball, golf, tennis, track and field
Men's championships: cross-country, soccer, basketball, baseball, golf, tennis, track and field
Past members
A list of past members of the American Mideast Conference:
Final members schools
Members schools leaving before 2012
Membership timeline
Administration
Presidents of member institutions maintained active rolls of governance over the organization by way of the Council of Presidents.
Additionally, the AMC included a staff of conference officials:
James D. Houdeshell, Commissioner
Mark Womack, AMC Administrative Assistant
Deron Brown, Supervisor of Umpires, Baseball
Linda Cairney, Supervisor of Umpires, Softball
Bill Ek, Supervisor of Officials, Basketball
Karen Fulks, Treasurer
James Phipps, Eligibility Chair
Diane Plas, Supervisor of Officials, Women's Basketball, Volleyball
Kim Vieira, Supervisor of Officials, Men's and Women's soccer
See also
List of NAIA conferences
List of NAIA institutions
References
1949 establishments in the United States
Sports leagues disestablished in 2012
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senator%20Hooker
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Senator Hooker
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Senator Hooker may refer to:
Cheryl Hooker (born 1950), Vermont State Senate
S. Percy Hooker (1860–1915), New York State Senate
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dohis
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Dohis
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Dohis is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
Population
See also
Communes of the Aisne department
References
Communes of Aisne
Aisne communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic%20grading%20in%20Austria
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Academic grading in Austria
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In Austria, academic grades use a 5-point grading scale, where:
1 ("Sehr gut" - "very good") is the best possible grade and indicates outstanding performance with minor errors.
2 ("Gut" - "good") is the next-highest grade and is given for performance that is above-average standard but with some errors.
3 ("Befriedigend" - "satisfactory") indicates generally sound work with a number of notable errors.
4 ("Genügend" - "adequate") is the lowest passing grade and is given if the standard has been met but with a significant number of shortcomings.
5 ("Nicht genügend" - "unsatisfactory") is the lowest possible grade and the only failing grade (earned for less than 50% of the maximum achievable credit).
Details of the Austrian system
The Austrian grading system offers a range of five different grades (1 to 5), with 1 ("Sehr gut") being the highest and 5 ("Nicht genügend") the lowest grade. Students must be evaluated according to objective standards and need to earn at least a grade of 4 ("Genügend") in order to pass a course. Usually, the top 10% of successful students in class earn a 1 ("Sehr gut"). However, all passing grades (1 to 4) permit for further studies at university.
The GPA is commonly used to measure academic success and has become increasingly important for application purposes. Nowadays, most employers ask for your last school certificate when applying for an apprenticeship. The Austrian system is similar to the German system.
Austria
Grading
Grading
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14781986
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobulashvili
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Kobulashvili
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The Kobulashvili (Kobulidze; ) was a Georgian noble family whose origins can possibly be traced back to K'obul, High Constable of Iberia (fl. 637/642), commemorated in the inscription from the Monastery of the Holy Cross at Mtskheta.
The family was subsequently established in the Kingdom of Kakheti and confirmed as princes (knyaz Kobulov, Кобуловы) of the Russian Empire in 1826.
References
Noble families of Georgia (country)
Russian noble families
Georgian-language surnames
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronnie%20Clayton%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201937%29
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Ronnie Clayton (footballer, born 1937)
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Ronald Clayton (born 18 January 1937) is an English former professional footballer who played as an inside right in the Football League for Brighton & Hove Albion. He was on the books of Arsenal without playing for their first team, and also played non-league football for Hereford United, Hastings United, Rugby Town and Hinckley Athletic. In 1965, he played abroad in the Eastern Canada Professional Soccer League with Toronto Inter-Roma. In 1969, he played in the National Soccer League with Toronto Ukraina.
In 1977, he was the head coach for London City in the National Soccer League.
References
1937 births
Living people
Footballers from Kingston upon Hull
English footballers
Association football inside forwards
Hereford United F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. players
Hastings United F.C. (1948) players
Rugby Town F.C. (1945) players
Hinckley Athletic F.C. players
Toronto Roma players
Toronto Ukrainians players
Southern Football League players
English Football League players
Eastern Canada Professional Soccer League players
Canadian National Soccer League coaches
Canadian National Soccer League players
English football managers
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30630741
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Devananda%20Gaudiya%20Math
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Sri Devananda Gaudiya Math
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Sri Devananda Gaudiya Math (also Matha, or Mutt) is situated at Teghori Pada in Nabadwip dham of district Nadia in the West Bengal state of India, and is a matha and prominent holy place of the Gaudiya Vaishnavas, as well the headquarters of the Sri Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti. It is located in the middle of the place earlier known as Koladvipa. The Math has been continuing as a famous religious spot thronged by thousands of devotees every year.
Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti
The Sri Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti or Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti (GVS) is the one of oldest Gaudiya Vaishnava missionary and monastic organisations, established in 1940 in British India. Its founder-president-acharya became Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja.
In April 1940, after the prominent guru-reformer Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura Prabhupada entered aprakata-lila (departure), Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja as one of his disciples and former member of the defunct Gaudiya Math, established the Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti (lit. "Gaudiya Vedanta Society") in a rented building in Calcutta. He later purchased an extensive piece of land at Nabadwip on which he established Sri Devananda Gaudiya Math with a beautiful temple. The Math became the headquarters of a new mission with branches across India, predominantly in West Bengal, Assam and Odisha.
The monks, whose sannyasa guru was Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja, received the name Bhakti Vedanta, one of them, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, the founder of the ISKCON.
According to official website of the organisation, its present president-acharya is Bhakti Vedanta Budhayan Goswami since 2020.
Inside the Temple
The following deities preside in the five chambers of the temple and samadhi mandir respectively:
Temple
Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura Prabhupada,
Sri Gauranga and Sri Radha-Vinoda-bihari, and
Sri Koladeva, or Varahadeva, the presiding deity of Sri Koladvipa.
Samadhi
Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja
Srila Bhaktivedanta Vamana Gosvami Maharaja
Nava-vidha Bhakti
The temple's nine towers each represent one limb of nava-vidha-bhakti, the nine types of devotional
service.
Hearing,
Chanting,
Remembering,
Serving the Lord's lotus feet,
Worshipping,
Offering prayers,
Engaging as a servant,
Serving as a friend, and
Completely surrendering oneself.
Nava-vidha Khandas
The matha is divided into the following nine parts (khandas):
Paramartha-khanda – the printing press where devotional literature and magazines are produced.
Kirtana-khanda – the place where sankirtana, lectures on Bhagavatam and other scriptures take place.
Upasya-khanda – the temple where the deities of Srila Sarasvati Thakura Prabhupada, Sri Gauranga, Sri Radha-Vinona-bihari and Sri Koladeva are worshipped.
Sevaka-khanda – the place where the residents of the matha live.
Bhoga-khanda – the storehouse and kitchen.
Govardhana-khanda – the cow shed.
Vaisnnava-granthagara-khanda – the library.
Udayana-Khanda – the garden.
Jnana-khanda – the bathrooms and latrines.
These sections are divided on the basis of activities favourable to bhakti, which are to be accepted and those unfavourable which are to be avoided. Jnana and karma which are devoid of bhakti are always to be rejected just as one rejects stools. For this reason the bathrooms and latrines of the matha are called Jnana-khanda.
It was Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami's long-held desire that a deity of Sri Koladeva be established on the Ganga's western bank in the old Kuliya-nagara. To fulfill this desire, Srila
Bhakti Prajnana kesava Gosvami Maharaja has manifested the service of Sri Koladeva at the place.
The Past and the Present
Srila Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Gosvami Maharaja – Founder Acharya.
(Pre-ISKCON and sannyasa guru of A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.
Srila Bhakti Vedanta Bamana Goswami Maharaja – next Acharya.
Srila Bhakti Vedanta Paryataka Maharaja – present Acharya.
Srila Bhakti Vedanta Acharya Maharaja – present Secretary.
Gallery
See also
Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Goswami
References
Footnotes
Bibliography
Secondary sources
Primary sources
External links
The Brahma-Madhva-Gaudiya Disciplic Succession and Its Unique Characteristics of Which We are a Part
Navadvipa Parikrama 2010 - Sripad Madhava Maharaja translated into English Srila Gurudeva’s short Bengali discourse.
Sri Srimad Bhakti Prajnana Kesava Goswami - The founder of Sri Devananda Gaudiya Matha.
Hindu monasteries in India
Hindu temples in West Bengal
Radha Krishna temples
Gaudiya Vaishnavism
1940 establishments in British India
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37946408
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malekeh%20Jahan
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Malekeh Jahan
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Malekeh-Jahan (; 18751947) was the queen consort and cousin of Mohammad Ali Shah, and a member of the Qajar dynasty. Jahan is the daughter of Prince Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh and mother of Ahmad Shah Qajar. When she became queen, she naturally was called Queen Jahan. However, Queen Jahan also can be interpreted as Malekeh-ye Jahan or "Queen of the World."
After the death of Mohammad Ali Shah she kept the family together in exile in Europe.
She has also written "Borhan-ol-Iman" (which means proof of faith) which contains some supplications and praying notes.
References
Philip Mansel, Sultans in Splendor, Vendome Press, Paris, 1987.
Soltan Ali Kadjar, Les Rois Oublies, Edition Kian No1, Paris, 1997.
External links
Malekek Jahan at Qajar(Kadjar) Pages
1875 births
1947 deaths
Qajar royal consorts
19th-century Iranian women
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36674888
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un%20uomo%20a%20met%C3%A0
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Un uomo a metà
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Un uomo a metà (internationally released as Almost a Man and Half a Man) is a 1966 Italian drama film directed by Vittorio De Seta. The film entered the competition at the 1966 Venice Film Festival, in which Jacques Perrin was awarded with the Volpi Cup for Best Actor.
Plot
While locked up in a mental health clinic, Michele looks back on his life. This includes reflecting on his controlling mother and selfish brother, who influenced Michele's neurosis that makes it difficult for him to establish relationships with women.
Cast
Jacques Perrin as Michele
Lea Padovani as Madre di Michele
Gianni Garko as Fratello di Michele
Ilaria Occhini as Elena
Rosemary Dexter as Marina
Pier Paolo Capponi as Ugo
Francesca De Seta as Simonetta
Kitty Swan as Girl at park
Ivan Rassimov
Music
All music by Ennio Morricone.
"Requiem Per Un Destino" – 23:08 (Chorus and orchestra)
References
External links
1966 films
Italian films
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1219777
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuele%20Pirro
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Emanuele Pirro
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Emanuele Pirro (born 12 January 1962) is an Italian racing driver who has raced in Formula One, touring cars and in endurance races such as the 24 Hours of Le Mans which he has won a total of five times. Two times Italian Karting Champion (1976, 1979), Formula Fiat Abarth Champion (1980), two times Italian Touring Car Champion (1994, 1995), two times Italian Overall Champion (1995, 1996) and German Touring Car Champion (1996), he also achieved records in endurance racing that place him amongst the best in the discipline, including; five wins in the 24 Hours of Le Mans (2000, 2001, 2002, 2006, 2007), two times ALMS Champion (2001, 2005), two times winner of the 12 Hours of Sebring (2000, 2007), three times winner of Petit Le Mans (2001, 2005, 2008), winner of the 24 Hours Nürburgring (1989), two times winner of the Macau Guia Race (1991, 1992) and two times winner of the Goodwood RAC Historic TT. He has taken part in over 500 official national and international races.
Personal life
He was born in Rome, however he traces his roots to the small town of Latera near Viterbo through his mother's family. He is married to Marlene, with whom he has two sons, Cristoforo, born in 1993 (Mechanical Engineer, currently Performance Engineer in F1) and Goffredo, born in 1996 (Automotive Engineer specialised in Motorsport).
Career
He began racing cars in 1980 after having raced seven years in go-karts, where he was two time Italian Champion and runner up in both the European and the World Karting Championships. He went on to win races in all the feeder series he competed in including F3, F3000 and Formula Nippon.
Formula One
In 1988 he was contracted by McLaren to become test driver to develop the new Honda powertrain for the MP4/4, staying on in that role for the following 3 seasons.
His racing career in F1 started at the 1989 French Grand Prix for the Benetton-Ford team, replacing Johnny Herbert who was still recovering from injuries sustained in a F3000 accident. For the 1990 and 1991 seasons, he raced for BMS Scuderia Italia.
Touring cars
Together with his single seater commitments he raced as a factory driver for BMW in touring car racing up until 1993. He raced and won in ETCC, WTCC, Italian Supertouring and DTM. In DTM he became one of the only drivers to win in his debut in the series. Notably, he won the 24 Hours Nürburgring, the Macau Guia Race twice, and the Wellington 500 four times, with the legendary BMW M3 E30 and team Schnitzer. After leaving BMW in 1993 he joined Audi to win the 1994 and 1995 Italian Touring Car Championships followed by the German Touring Car Championship in 1996. Between the years of 1994 and 1996 racing in the Italian and German Supertouring championships, he contested a total of 70 races finishing only once outside of the top 10 after being taken out at the start in 1994 at the Salzburgring.
Sportscars
After his debut in endurance races at the young age of 19 winning in his class with the Lancia Beta Montecarlo Gr.5 at the 24 Hours of Daytona, winning the Kyalami 9 Hours and a terrible experience at Le Mans the same year, he scarcely participated in these races except sporadic appearances in Japan, first with a Nissan Gr.C at the Fuji 1000 km and with a Porsche 962 Gr.C at the Suzuka 1000 km. That is until his return to Le Mans in 1998 with a McLaren F1 alongside Dindo Capello and Thomas Bscher ending with a retirement. In 1999 Audi unveiled the R8R with which he scored his first of a record breaking nine consecutive podiums at the French classic. In 2000 along with Tom Kristensen and Frank Biela he scored the first of three consecutive wins with the new Audi R8. In 2006 together with Frank Biela and Marco Werner he became the first driver to win the 24 Hours of Le Mans with a diesel car, repeating the win in the following year. In 2008 he announced the end of his racing career with Audi sportscars. Between the years of 1999 and 2008 he won five 24 Hours of Le Mans, two ALMS championships, two 12 Hours of Sebring and three Petit Le Mans. After 2008 he competed in a number of additional races including a 12 Hours of Sebring and 24 Hours of Le Mans with Drayson Racing in a Lola-Judd LMP1 car, the 24 hours of the Nuerburgring with an Audi R8 GT3, the 2011 Gold Coast 500 in the Australian V8 Supercars Championship.
After racing
He regularly competes in historic racing. In 2010 Pirro won the Monaco Historic Grand Prix in the Formula 3 Class.
In roles still linked to motorsport, he serves as a Brand Ambassador for Audi, and is a member of; FIA Drivers’ Commission, FIA Circuits’ Commission, FIA Historic Motorsport Commission, ACI Circuits and Safety Commission. In addition, he is the President of the Italian Karting Commission, and Vice President of the Grand Prix Drivers’ Club and the Club des Pilotes des 24 Heures du Mans. He is also a Steward for F1 races, TV pundit and is a frequent guest speaker at events hosted by multinational companies.
He owns the Faloria Mountain Spa Resort, a 5-star hotel in Cortina d’Ampezzo.
Finally he has been a regular player for over 25 years in the Nazionale Piloti football team and the “Star Team for the Children” for Prince Albert of Monaco as well as taking part in other charity events.
Race results
Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
Complete European Formula Two Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
Complete International Formula 3000 results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
Complete Japanese Formula 3000 Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Formula One results
(key)
Complete Deutsche Tourenwagen Meisterschaft/Masters results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
1 – A non-championship one-off race was held in 2004 at the streets of Shanghai, China.
Complete Italian Touring Car Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Super Tourenwagen Cup results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete American Le Mans Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap.)
Macau Grand Prix Guia Race results
Spa 24 hours : 1st: 1986, 1990
4 hours of Jarama: 1st: 1987
Grand Prix of Nürburgring 1st,1986
References
"Five-time LeMans winner Emanuele Pirro joins APR Motorsport for Rolex 24 at Daytona". APR Motorsport. 4 January 2012. Retrieved 13 January 201
Sources
Profile at www.grandprix.com
External links
1962 births
Living people
Racing drivers from Rome
Italian racing drivers
Italian Formula One drivers
Italian expatriates in Monaco
European Formula Two Championship drivers
Japanese Formula 3000 Championship drivers
Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters drivers
Benetton Formula One drivers
Scuderia Italia Formula One drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans winning drivers
American Le Mans Series drivers
International Formula 3000 drivers
World Touring Car Championship drivers
Supercars Championship drivers
24 Hours of Daytona drivers
Rolex Sports Car Series drivers
World Sportscar Championship drivers
Porsche Supercup drivers
24 Hours of Spa drivers
European Touring Car Championship drivers
12 Hours of Sebring drivers
24H Series drivers
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41029713
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyun%20%28Korean%20name%29
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Hyun (Korean name)
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Hyun, also spelled Hyeon or Hyon, Hyoun, is a Korean surname, a single-syllable Korean given name, and an element in many two-syllable Korean given names. As given name meaning differs based on the hanja used to write it. There are 42 hanja with the reading "hyun" on the South Korean government's official list of hanja which may be used in given names.
As a surname
Overview
The family name Hyun is written with only one hanja (; 검을 현 geomeul hyeon) meaning "dark" or "mysterious". The 2000 South Korean Census found 81,807 people and 25,547 households with this family name. In a study by the National Institute of the Korean Language based on 2007 application data for South Korean passports, it was found that 80.5% of people with this surname spelled it in Latin letters as Hyun in their passports. Another 14.9% spelled it as Hyeon, and 2.2% as Hyoun. Rarer alternative spellings (the remaining 2.4%) included Heon and Hyean.
Clans
The surviving bon-gwan (origin of a clan lineage, not necessarily the actual residence of the clan members) as of 2000 included:
Yeonju (Nyongbyon County), North Pyongan Province: 59,096 people and 18,686 households. Yeonju is an old name of Nyongbyon County, and is located in territory which became part of North Korea after the division of Korea. The clan members claim descent from Hyeon Dam-yun (현담윤; 玄覃胤), who held the position of munha sirang pyeongjangsa (문하시랑평장사; 門下侍郞平章事) in the Secretariat-Chancellery under Myeongjong of Goryeo (r. 1170–1197).
Seongju, North Gyeongsang Province: 4,938 people and 1,438 households. They are a branch of the Yeonju clan, claiming descent from Hyeon Dam-yun via Hyeon Gyu (현규; 玄珪), who held the position of gunsu (군수; 郡守) for Gobu County (; 古阜郡), Jeolla Province (today Jeongeup, North Jeolla Province) under Sejong of Joseon (r. 1418–1450).
Gyeongju, North Gyeongsang Province: 3,534 people and 1,099 households. They claim descent from Hyeon Myeong (현명, 玄命), an official under Injo of Joseon (r. 1623–1649).
Yeongju, North Gyeongsang Province: 1,724 people and 531 households.
Changwon, South Gyeongsang Province: 1,261 people and 376 households. They are a branch of the Yeonju clan, claiming descent from Hyeon Dam-yun via his son Hyeon Deok-yu (현덕유; 玄德裕), who was also an official under Myeongjong of Goryeo.
Other bon-gwan: 12,343 people and 3,387 households.
Unknown bon-gwan: 172 people and 30 households.
People
People with the surname Hyun include:
Hyun Jae-myung (1902–1960), South Korean composer
Hyun Soong-jong (born 1919), South Korean politician
Hyon Chol-hae (born 1934), North Korean general
Hyon Yong-chol (born c. 1940s), North Korean general
Hyun Kil-un (born 1940), South Korean writer
Hyun Ki-young (born 1941), South Korean author
Hyun Jae-hyun (born 1949), South Korean businessman
Hyun In-taek (born 1954), South Korean politician
Hyeon Taeghwan (born 1964), South Korean scientist
Hyun Jung-hwa (born 1969), South Korean table tennis player
Insoo Hyun (born ), Korean American bioethics professor
Hyun Jin-young (born Huh Hyun-seok, 1971), South Korean singer
Hyun Sook-hee (born 1973), South Korean judo practitioner
Hyun Joo-yup (born 1975), South Korean basketball player
Hyon Song-wol (born 1977), North Korean pop singer
Martin Hyun (born 1979), German ice hockey player and writer
Hyun Woo-sung (born 1979), South Korean actor
Hyun Young-min (born 1979), South Korean football player
Hyun Hye-sung (born 1986), South Korean field hockey player
Hyun Jyu-ni (born 1985), South Korean actress
Hyun Seung-hee (born 1996), main singer of the South Korean girl group Oh My Girl
Hyun Seung-min (born 1999), South Korean actress
Hyon Hak-bong, North Korean diplomat
As a given name
As name element
Many names containing this syllable have been popular for newborn children in South Korea, for newborn girls in the 1950s through the 1990s, and for newborn boys from the 1980s up through the 2010s:
Newborn boys
Hyun-jun (8th place in 2008 and 2009)
Hyun-woo (5th place in 1980, 2nd place in 1990, 3rd place in 2008, 5th place in 2009)
Do-hyun (9th place in 2008, 10th place in 2011)
Dong-hyun (8th place in 1980, 9th place in 1990, 10th place in 2008)
Seung-hyun (10th place in 1990)
Sung-hyun (4th place in 1990)
Newborn girls
Hyun-joo (4th place in 1970)
Hyun-jung (2nd place in 1970, 8th place in 1980)
Hyun-sook (6th place in 1950, 8th place in 1960
Ji-hyun (9th place in 1990)
Other given names containing this element include:
First syllable
Hyun-a
Hyun-hee
Hyun-jin
Hyun-kyung
Hyun-mi
Hyun-seok
Hyun-sik
Hyun-soo
Hyun-tae
Hyun-wook
Second syllable
Dae-hyun
Jae-hyun
Joo-hyun
Jung-hyun
Kwang-hyun
Sang-hyun
Seo-hyun
Si-hyun
Soo-hyun
Tae-hyun
People
People with the single-syllable given name Hyun include:
Entertainers
Joo Hyun (born Joo Il-choon, 1943), South Korean actor
Woo Hyun (born 1964), South Korean actor
Lee Hyun (born 1983), South Korean singer
Footballers
Cho Hyun (born 1974), South Korean midfielder (K-League)
Choi Hyun (born 1978), South Korean goalkeeper (K-League)
Yoo Hyun (born 1984), South Korean goalkeeper (K-League)
Park Hyun (born 1988), South Korean midfielder (K-League Challenge)
Kim Hyun (born 1993), South Korean striker (K-League 2)
Other
Choe Hyon (1907–1982), North Korean general and politician
Yoon Hyun (born 1966), South Korean judo practitioner
Joh Hyun (born 1969), South Korean novelist
Jung Hyun (born 1994), South Korean baseball player
Chung Hyeon (born 1996), South Korean tennis player
Na Hyun, South Korean screenwriter and director
See also
List of Korean family names
List of Korean given names
References
Korean given names
Korean-language surnames
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6493852
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACDF
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ACDF
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ACDF may refer to:
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, a common surgical procedure
Archive of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, the Catholic Church's documents dealing with doctrinal and theological issues related to church teaching
Aeronautique Club de France, a French flying club based on Meaux-Esbly airfield, France, and created in 1897
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4931549
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rene%20Naufahu
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Rene Naufahu
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Rene Naufahu (born May 1970) is a New Zealand-born actor, screenwriter and director.
Career
Naufahu is perhaps best known for being an original cast member of the New Zealand soap opera Shortland Street, playing paramedic Sam Aleni for the show's first four years. In the United States, he is better known for portraying various characters in the Power Rangers franchise, such as Emperor Grumm of Power Rangers S.P.D. and Mentor Ji from Power Rangers Samurai and Power Rangers Super Samurai.
In 2006, at the Air New Zealand Screen Awards, he won Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role as Erasmus, in the Toa Fraser film No.2. The film won the Audience Award, World Cinema - Dramatic, after sellout screenings at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival.
In 2005, he co-wrote television drama The Market with Brett Ihaka and Matthew Grainger. He was also one of the show's directors, alongside Damon Fepulea'i and Geoff Cawthorn.
He attended the Amsterdam-based Binger Institute's Script Development program in 2003.
Naufahu's first feature film as director is crime thriller The Last Saint, which began filming in September 2013.
Criminal convictions
On 1 September 2017, Naufahu pleaded guilty in Auckland's District Court to six charges of indecent assault. The charges related to six women who attended private acting lessons conducted by Naufahu in Auckland between 2011 and 2013. In January 2018 he was sentenced to one year of home detention. Naufahu had an earlier conviction for common assault and wilful damage arising from an altercation in a Christchurch bar in 2001, for which he was fined by the court.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
1970 births
Living people
Actors of Samoan descent
New Zealand people of Tongan descent
New Zealand people of Samoan descent
New Zealand male film actors
New Zealand male television actors
People convicted of indecent assault
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45265227
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arild%20Busterud
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Arild Busterud
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Arild Busterud (born 26 January 1948 in Løten) is a Norwegian track and field athlete known for the hammer throw. He won two successive national championships in 1975 and 1976. He continued throwing into masters age groups, setting the current world record in the M60 division. While the Masters division throws lighter implements as competitors get older, his world record is less than half a meter less than his (nearly identical) national championship winning marks.
References
Living people
Norwegian male hammer throwers
1948 births
World record holders in masters athletics
People from Løten
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41362618
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hac%C4%B1ilyasl%C4%B1
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Hacıilyaslı
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Hacıiyaslı is a village in Mut district of Mersin Province, Turkey. At , it is situated in the Göksu River valley. Its distance to Mut is and to Mersin is . The village was founded by a Turkmen tribe named Karadöneli. As of 2012, the population of Hacıilyaslı was 382. Main economic activity is animal husbandry. Valuable produce cultivated at Hacıilyaslı include olive agricultural crops.
References
Villages in Mut District
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28748673
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krasa%20Rossii
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Krasa Rossii
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Krasa Rossii (Russian:The Beauty of Russia) is one of the national beauty pageant in Russia that sends the country's representatives to the Miss Earth pageant. The pageant also sent representatives at Miss Asia Pacific/International in the past, other being Miss Russia
History
The pageant was established in 1995 and one of the two longest-running beauty contests in Russia. The pageant has been called the Beauty Olympics in Russia.
Titleholders
Wins by Regions
This tally contains regions winning the Krasa Rossii title only and not the Miss Earth Russia title.
Miss Earth representatives
The Miss Earth pageant began in 2001 and since then 2008, Krasa Rossii sends usually their winners to Miss Earth pageant.
Notes:
No representatives were sent in 2002–2004 and 2007.
See also
Miss Russia
Miss Earth
Russia at major beauty pageants
References
External links
Krasa Rossii Official site
Beauty pageants in Russia
Recurring events established in 1995
Russian awards
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68618991
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Irish%20Division%2C%20Royal%20Artillery
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South Irish Division, Royal Artillery
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The South Irish Division, Royal Artillery, was an administrative grouping of garrison units of the Royal Artillery and Artillery Militia in Ireland from 1882 to 1889.
Organisation
Under General Order 72 of 4 April 1882 the Royal Artillery (RA) broke up its existing administrative brigades of garrison artillery (7th–11th Brigades, RA) and assigned the individual batteries to 11 new territorial divisions. These divisions were purely administrative and recruiting organisations, not field formations. For the first time the part-time Artillery Militia were associated with the regulars. The Regular Army batteries were grouped into one brigade, usually of nine sequentially-numbered batteries and a depot battery. For these units the divisions represented recruiting districts – batteries could be serving anywhere in the British Empire and their only connection to brigade headquarters (HQ) was for the supply of drafts and recruits. The artillery militia units (sometimes referred to as regiments) already comprised a number of batteries, and were redesignated as brigades, losing their county titles in the process.
Composition
South Irish Division, RA, listed as 11th in order of precedence, was organised with the following composition:
HQ at Cork
1st Brigade
HQ at Kinsale
1st Bty at Mount Wise, Devonport – formerly 12th Bty, 10th Bde
2nd Bty at Plymouth – formerly 17th Bty, 11th Bde
3rd Bty at Devonport – formerly 18th Bty, 11th Bde
4th Bty at Portsmouth – formerly 11th Bty, 8th Bde
5th Bty at Jutogh – formerly 11th Bty, 9th Bde
6th Bty at Thayetmyo – formerly 11th Bty, 11th Bde
7th Bty at Malta – formerly 2nd Bty, 11th Bde
8th Bty at Malta – formerly 3rd Bty, 11th Bde
9th Bty at Malta – formerly 4th Bty, 11th Bde
Depot Bty at Kinsale – formerly Depot Bty, 10th Bde
2nd Brigade at Macroom – formerly West Cork Artillery Militia (6 btys)
3rd Brigade at Cork – formerly Royal Cork City Artillery Militia (4 btys)
4th Brigade at Limerick – formerly Limerick City Artillery Militia (6 btys)
5th Brigade at Clonmel – formerly South Tipperary Artillery Militia (8 btys)
6th Brigade at Waterford – formerly Waterford Artillery Militia (8 btys)
7th Brigade at Ennis – formerly 3rd Battalion, Royal Munster Fusiliers (8 btys)
Disbandment
On 1 July 1889 the garrison artillery was reorganised again into three large territorial divisions of garrison artillery (Eastern, Southern and Western) and one of mountain artillery. The assignment of units to them seemed geographically arbitrary, with all the Irish militia units being grouped in the Southern Division, for example, but this related to where the need for coastal artillery was greatest, rather than where the units recruited. The regular batteries were distributed across most of the divisions and completely renumbered.
See also
Royal Garrison Artillery
List of Royal Artillery Divisions 1882–1902
North Irish Division, Royal Artillery
Southern Division, Royal Artillery
Footnotes
Notes
References
J.B.M. Frederick, Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
Lt-Gen H.G. Hart, The New Annual Army List, Militia List, Yeomanry Cavalry List and Indian Civil Service List for 1884, London: John Murray, 1883.
Lt-Gen H.G. Hart, The New Annual Army List, Militia List, Yeomanry Cavalry List and Indian Civil Service List for 1890, London: John Murray, 1889.
Lt-Col M.E.S. Lawes, Battery Records of the Royal Artillery, 1859–1877, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1970.
Norman E.H. Litchfield, The Militia Artillery 1852–1909 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges), Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1987, ISBN 0-9508205-1-2.
Col K. W. Maurice-Jones, The History of Coast Artillery in the British Army, London: Royal Artillery Institution, 1959/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2005, ISBN 978-1-845740-31-3.
War Office, Monthly Army List, London: HM Stationery Office, 1882–89.
Royal Artillery divisions
Military units and formations established in 1882
Military units and formations disestablished in 1889
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciella%20masanensis
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Luciella masanensis
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Luciella masanensis is a species of heterotrophic marine dinoflagellates.
References
Dinophyceae
Species described in 2007
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64373116
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey%20Waddington
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Geoffrey Waddington
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Geoffrey Waddington (September 23, 1904, Leicester, England - January 3, 1966, Toronto) was a Canadian conductor and violinist.
Waddington was raised in Lethbridge, Alberta, where he began playing violin as a child; he was conducting by the time he was twelve years old. In 1922, he began working in radio and also took a position at the Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947 he began conducting for the CBC, and in 1952 founded the CBC Symphony Orchestra, which he led and directed through 1964. His position at CBC made him influential in identifying and popularizing Canadian classical musicians of distinction, and he commissioned several works from Canadian composers.
References
Canadian conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Canadian classical violinists
1904 births
1966 deaths
20th-century Canadian male musicians
20th-century Canadian violinists and fiddlers
Canadian male violinists and fiddlers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan%20Brittany
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Morgan Brittany
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Morgan Brittany was born in Los Angeles (born Suzanne Cupito) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Katherine Wentworth, the scheming younger half-sister of Pamela Ewing and Cliff Barnes, on the prime-time soap opera Dallas.
Career
Early child career
Brittany began her acting career as a child under her real name Suzanne Cupito. Brittany appeared on many programs in the 1950s and 1960s. She began her career as a child actress at age five in a 1957 episode of the CBS television network anthology series Playhouse 90 (or at that same age in an episode of Sea Hunt). In January 1960, she displayed her talent as a ballet dancer on The Dinah Shore Chevy Show. Three months later, she followed that up with her first of three Twilight Zone episodes, uncredited as a little girl in "Nightmare as a Child"; she also portrayed Sissy Johnson in the season four episode "Valley of the Shadow" and Susan in the season five episode "Caesar and Me".
She was featured in the musical film Gypsy (1962), as Baby June. She appeared in the episode "Daughter for a Day" on ABC's My Three Sons (1962) as Jeannie Hill. She appeared uncredited in the birthday party and school house scenes in Alfred Hitchcock's The Birds (1963). In 1963, she played the role of Winter Night in the episode "Incident of the Hostages" on CBS's Rawhide. In 1964, she starred as a blind girl named Minerva Gordon in a two-part episode of The Outer Limits titled "The Inheritors" with Robert Duvall, and Kim Hector, appeared in the Western film Stage to Thunder Rock. In 1966, she appeared in the series finale of the Western Branded, playing an orphan named "Kellie" in the episode of the same name. She was part of the ensemble cast in the film Yours, Mine and Ours (1968), which is led by Lucille Ball and Henry Fonda. Brittany was also in the season eight premiere episode of The Andy Griffith Show titled "Opie's First Love" as Mary Alice.
She did two episodes of Lassie, "Lassie and the Swamp Girl" and "Little Dog Lost" as "Mattie" in the mid-1960s. She followed that up with appearances on Gunsmoke and other shows. At the age of 15, after appearing in Yours, Mine and Ours (1968), her childhood career came to an end and she concentrated on getting her education at Cleveland High School, Reseda, California.
Adult career
At age 18, Cupito changed her name to Morgan Brittany and then appeared with Gene Kelly in his Las Vegas show, Gene Kelly's Wonderful World of Girls, as a dancer. She then moved to New York City, where she modeled for the Ford Modeling Agency, and appeared in several TV commercials and print ads (including a three-year stint as "The Ultra Brite Toothpaste Girl"), and was spokesmodel for brands such as L'Oreal, Maybelline, Ford, Levi's and Camay. In December 1972, she played Cynthia, a childhood friend of Bridget's (Meredith Baxter), in episode 12, "The Homecoming" on Bridget Loves Bernie. In 1974, she was hired by the Japanese cosmetics company Kanebo to be the "face" of their product "Ireine", and so moved to Tokyo from 1974 to 1976 and traveled around the world as the image of "Kanebo Cosmetics".
Brittany portrayed actress Vivien Leigh in Gable and Lombard (1976) a biography of Clark Gable and Carole Lombard. She also has a cameo appearance in the John Schlesinger film The Day of the Locust (1975) as Leigh in the climax of the film. That was followed by TV movies and series, such as The Amazing Howard Hughes (1977), Delta County, U.S.A. (1977), The Initiation of Sarah (1978), Death Car on the Freeway (1979), The Dream Merchants (1980) and LBJ: The Early Years (1987). She appeared in the TV movie The Fantastic Seven (aka Stunt Seven) in 1979 with Christopher Lloyd, Patrick Macnee, and Elke Sommer. In 1980, while filming an episode of The Dukes of Hazzard, Brittany met her future husband, stuntman Jack Gill.
She appeared again as Leigh in the climax of the made-for-TV movie about the search for an actress to star in Gone With the Wind's film adaptation, The Scarlett O'Hara War (1980), which marked the second of her three portrayals of the British actress. This caught the attention of the producers of Dallas, who were searching for an actress to play Katherine Wentworth, the scheming half-sister of Pamela Ewing and Cliff Barnes. She debuted on Dallas in the 1981–82 season and her role as Katherine continued, on and off, until 1987. In 1985, she returned for a cameo in that season's finale where her character killed Bobby Ewing by running him over with a car, killing herself in the process. She made a brief, final appearance on the series in 1987, after it had been revealed that Bobby's and Katherine's deaths had been a dream.
In 1984, Brittany co-starred in the short-lived ABC drama series, Glitter, as Kate Simpson, a reporter for an entertainment magazine. This was one of several collaborations with producer Aaron Spelling throughout her career. Her first show with him had been an appearance in Burke's Law, in 1964 when Brittany was a child. Later, as an adult, she appeared in seven episodes of The Love Boat, Hotel, Fantasy Island, Melrose Place, and the 1990s revival of Burke's Law. She appeared in The Wild Women of Chastity Gulch (1982) starring Joan Collins.
Brittany and Bruce Jenner hosted the syndicated sports show Star Games. She later hosted over 100 episodes of the magazine show Photoplay, produced by Jack Haley Jr. She has guest starred on other series, including Married... with Children, Murder, She Wrote, The Perry Mason Mysteries, Dear John, Sabrina the Teenage Witch and The Nanny. In film, Brittany starred in Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat (1989).
Recent years
In the 1990s, Brittany appeared in independent films, including Riders in the Storm (1995), Legend of the Spirit Dog (1997), The Protector (1997), The Biggest Fan (2002), Mothers and Daughters (2006) and Americanizing Shelley (2007). She also appeared in the docudrama, 1 a Minute (2010), and made a guest appearance on the television series Sabrina, the Teenage Witch and Son of the Beach.
Personal life
As of 2014, Brittany is a conservative political commentator and author. She writes a weekly column for WorldNetDaily.
Her first book, with co-authors Ann-Marie Murrell and Dr. Gina Loudon, What Women Really Want, was released September 2, 2014. She is a recurring guest on Hannity (FOX News), and The Rick Amato Show (One America) and has appeared on The Kudlow Report (CNBC), Fox & Friends, The Dennis Miller Show and Huckabee. Brittany is a co-owner and anchor for PolitiChicks, an online news site with a conservative perspective. Her second book with co-author Ann-Marie Murrell was released in 2017. PolitiChicks: A Clarion Call to Political Activism is a compilation book of essays from "PolitiChicks" writers. Brittany now travels the country speaking at major venues like The Heritage Foundation and other conservative organizations.
Brittany married stuntman Jack Gill in 1981. They are the parents of actress Katie Gill and musician/stuntman Cody Gill.
References
External links
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from Los Angeles
American child actresses
American film actresses
American soap opera actresses
American television actresses
California Republicans
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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2299017
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadel
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Stadel
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Stadel may refer to:
Places
Stadel bei Herrieden, a village in Ansbach, Bavaria, Germany
Stadel bei Niederglatt, a municipality of the canton of Zürich, Switzerland
Stadel (Winterthur), a quarter of Winterthur, Switzerland
Stadel Mountain, a mountain of Delaware County, New York, United States
People with the surname
George Stadel (1881–1952), American tennis player
Willi Stadel (1912–1999), German gymnast
See also
Hohlenstein-Stadel, a cave of Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Städel Museum, an art museum in Frankfurt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny%20Bucha
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Johnny Bucha
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John George Bucha (January 22, 1925 – April 28, 1996) was an American professional baseball player whose 18-year career included 84 games in Major League Baseball (MLB) over three seasons. A catcher and native of Allentown, Pennsylvania, Bucha appeared in only two games for the St. Louis Cardinals, but was a full-year member of the Redbirds (getting into 22 games) and the Detroit Tigers (appearing in 60 contests). He threw and batted right-handed, stood tall and weighed .
Bucha's playing career lasted from 1943 through 1960. He joined the Cardinals' organization as an 18-year-old, playing for his hometown Allentown Wings of the Class B Interstate League. His minor league career would see him play in over 1,400 games, including over 1,000 games in Triple-A. At the MLB level, Bucha collected 40 hits, including ten doubles and one home run, in 195 career at bats. His home run came on September 9, 1953, against pitcher Harry Byrd at Connie Mack Stadium, as Bucha's Tigers defeated the Philadelphia Athletics, 8–2.
Bucha began 1954 with the Tigers' Triple-A affiliate, the Buffalo Bisons, but on June 9 he was traded to the Brooklyn Dodgers, along with Chuck Kress and Ernie Nevel, in exchange for Wayne Belardi. Bucha remained at the Triple-A level for the rest of his baseball career.
References
External links
1925 births
1996 deaths
Allentown Cardinals players
Allentown Wings players
Baseball players from Pennsylvania
Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players
Columbus Red Birds players
Detroit Tigers players
Houston Buffaloes players
Major League Baseball catchers
Miami Marlins (IL) players
Montreal Royals players
Omaha Cardinals players
Rochester Red Wings players
St. Louis Cardinals players
St. Paul Saints (AA) players
San Diego Padres (minor league) players
Sportspeople from Allentown, Pennsylvania
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberto%20Amodeo
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Alberto Amodeo
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Alberto Amodeo (born 7 December 2000) is an Italian Paralympic swimmer. He represented Italy at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.
Career
Amodeo represented Italy in the men's 400 metre freestyle S8 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics and won a silver medal.
References
External links
2000 births
Living people
Italian male freestyle swimmers
Medalists at the World Para Swimming European Championships
Paralympic swimmers of Italy
Swimmers at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Medalists at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
Paralympic silver medalists for Italy
Paralympic medalists in swimming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musumba
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Musumba
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Musumba is a city in Lualaba Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is the former capital of the Kingdom of Lunda. The practices of the Lunda kingdom still persist in Musumba.
Musumba was the birthplace of Moïse Tshombe, a Congolese businessman and politician.
References
Populated places in Lualaba Province
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5434141
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footrot%20Flats%3A%20The%20Dog%27s%20Tale
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Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale
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Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale (stylised as Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tail Tale) is a 1986 New Zealand animated comedy film based on cartoonist Murray Ball's comic strip Footrot Flats about a New Zealand farmer and his border collie sheepdog. The film was written by Ball and Tom Scott, directed by Ball, and produced by John Barnett and Pat Cox, with music by Dave Dobbyn. The voice cast includes leading New Zealand actors John Clarke, Peter Rowley, Rawiri Paratene, Fiona Samuel and Billy T. James. It was New Zealand's first feature-length animated film. The film was released in November 1986 in New Zealand by Kerridge-Odeon, and opened in Australia on 9 April 1987. Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale grossed $2,500,000 at the New Zealand box office (making it one of the most successful local films of the 1980s).
In Australia, it grossed $4,317,000 which is equivalent to $11 million in 2016.
Plot
Set in a rural environs outside the fictional town of Raupo in New Zealand, the film centres on sheep and cattle farmer Wal Footrot (John Clarke) and his border collie sheepdog named Dog (Peter Rowley). Wal is assisted on his farm, Footrot Flats, by his nature-loving neighbour Cooch Windgrass (Peter Hayden), local boy Rangi Jones (Rawiri Paratene) and Wal's niece Pongo Footrot (Fiona Samuel).
Wal and Cooch are menaced by their unpleasant neighbours, the Murphys, comprising patriarch Irish (Peter Hayden) and his two sons Spit (Brian Sergent) and Hunk (Marshall Napier), who attempt to steal Cooch's deer and stag. When the Murphys buzz Wal's shearing shed from their "deer slayer" helicopter, Dog is stampeded into a sheep dip and starts to drown. This prompts a flashback sequence in which Dog recalls being given as a puppy to Wal by Aunt Dolly (Dorothy McKegg), and first meeting his future girlfriend Jess.
Wal's two non-farming preoccupations are his girlfriend, local hairdresser Cheeky Hobson (Fiona Samuel), and impressing a selector for New Zealand's national rugby team, the All Blacks. Dog opposes Wal's relationship with Cheeky, but has problems of his own when Jess is swept away in a flood and ends up at the Murphys' farm, where she is threatened by rats and ferocious "croco-pigs". Dog saves Jess from the rats, but the two dogs are then hunted by Irish Murphy. Meanwhile, Rangi has managed to get Wal away from a rugby game and over to the Murphys' farm. Dog and Jess end up floating out toward the sea on a raft with the fearless cat Horse, who has been shot by Irish. Rangi and Wal rescue Jess, but Dog and Horse are swept out to sea. Wal, Rangi, Pongo, Cooch and Jess rush to the beach but cannot see Dog or Horse. The two are given up for dead, before surfing in on a giant wave that dumps them ashore. The film ends by showing the Dog and Jess as proud parents of a litter of puppies.
Cast
John Clarke as Wal Footrot
Peter Rowley as Dog
Rawiri Paratene as Rangi
Fiona Samuel as Cheeky Hobson/Pongo
Peter Hayden as Irish Murphy/Cooch Windgrass
Dorothy McKegg as Aunt Dolly
Billy T. James as Pawai
Brian Sergent as Spit Murphy
Marshall Napier as Hunk Murphy
Michael Haigh as The Rugby Commentator
Production
Irish-born filmmaker Pat Cox, who had moved to New Zealand in 1973, was an early fan of the Footrot Flats comic strip and felt it would make a good animated film. In 1981, he contacted Murray Ball and suggested the comic be made into a feature-length movie. Ball initially rejected the idea but was later persuaded. The two subsequently met and began working on a story. The process of developing the comic strip into a film took almost six years.
Scripting
Ball's cartoonist friend Tom Scott was called in to co-write the script, as Ball had never written a script before, whereas Scott had previously written a teleplay. It took them one year to plot a rough storyline, as they were both busy with their regular work. Scott recounted in his 2017 memoir that Ball's fertile imagination resulted in a manuscript "bulky enough to derail a train".
Scott suggested using some jokes from published strips, but Ball was adamant the film should be all-new material. Ball created a new character, Vernon the Vermin, the King of the Rats, to give the movie a new villain. Scott, who suffers from a fear of drowning, came up with the suggestion for the storm and flooding, and the climactic scene of Dog and Horse being washed out to sea.
After the first script outline was completed, Cox provided considerable feedback on pacing and structure. Ball and Scott then spent almost another year completing the storyline. They had received a $1,500 script development grant from the New Zealand Film Commission. The film's working title, which was just a joke, was Raiders of the Lost Dog Kennel: A dog's life.
Financing
The project stalled following completion of the script, as Cox initially had trouble obtaining financing. He finally secured funding from newspaper group INL and teamed up with New Zealand producer John Barnett, who convinced merchant bankers Fay, Richwhite to underwrite the film. According to Cinema Papers magazine, Barnett and Cox raised the entire NZ$5 million budget in 10 days from 600 investors, with INL having a 20% stake.
Animating
Animation director Robbert Smit was flown over from Sydney to New Zealand to ensure the story was right from an animator's point of view. Animation took 15 months and comprised 100,000 individually hand-drawn and painted animation frames. About 200 animators worked on the film in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
"We knew nothing about film animation," Tom Scott said in 1987. "I think that has really helped in achieving our unique animation style. We didn't set out at all to be like Disney. We wanted it to be just like opening up the comic strip — then someone taps a magic wand and the scene floods with colour and the characters start to walk and talk." Much of the animators' work (done in Sydney) was critiqued or edited by Ball (in Gisborne, New Zealand) by facsimile.
Casting
A major challenge facing the producers was to get the voice casting right so that audiences who had created their own voices for the characters through the comic strip would not be disappointed. This was tackled by employing a cast of New Zealand's top comedy talent at the time.
On 21 January 1986, it was announced the film would be released in cinemas by Christmas 1986, with Murray Ball as director, while John Barnett and Pat Cox would produce it through a company called Magpie Productions Ltd. Dave Dobbyn, who was living in Sydney at the time, was invited to compose the music.
On 28 March 1986, it was announced that John Clarke would play Wal Footrot. Peter Rowley was cast as Dog, Rawiri Paratene as Rangi, Fiona Samuel as Cheeky Hobson and Pongo, Peter Hayden as Irish Murphy and Cooch Windgrass, Dorothy McKegg as Aunt Dolly, Billy T. James as Pawai, Brian Sergent as Spit Murphy, Marshall Napier as Hunk Murphy and Michael Haigh as the Rugby Commentator.
Kerridge-Odeon acquired distribution rights to the film.
Soundtrack
New Zealand musician Dave Dobbyn scored the music for the film and its soundtrack. The soundtrack's first single, "Slice of Heaven" (featuring Herbs), was released before the film and topped the charts in New Zealand for eight weeks from 5 October to 23 November 1986. It also went to number 1 in Australia for four weeks in May/June 1987. A second single, "You Oughta Be in Love", reached number 2 in New Zealand. The soundtrack also contains "Let's Get Canine" performed by Dobbyn, Betty-Anne Monga and Ardijah, "I Dream of Rugby" performed by Dobbyn and Sacred Heart College Choir, "Vernon the Vermin" performed by Dobbyn and Ardijah, and "Nuclear Waste" performed by Dobbyn and Herbs.
Reception
Opening at 28 cinemas in New Zealand in November 1986, Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale drew the largest opening week box office of any movie release in the country at the time. The film grossed $2,500,000 at the New Zealand box office, making it the top grossing local film until The Piano in 1993. In Australia, it grossed $4,317,000 at the box office, making it the most successful animated film in Australia, a position it held until Disney's The Lion King in 1994.
The film received generally positive reviews, with The New Zealand Herald giving it a four and a half stars out of five and The Australian giving it four out of five. A review by The Age newspaper praised the film for being faithful to the spirit of the comic strip, saying its "bucolic rough-house charm ... should bring it considerable success". The review was more critical of the plot, noting:
Cinema Papers magazine criticized the producers' decision to follow the Disney convention of incorporating musical numbers into animated features. Reviewers R.J. Thompson and Sue Turnbull wrote: "The songs add little to the essential narrating, but at the same time twist the film into something else -- a series of alternations which don't speak to each other, an interrupted replica of a Hollywood musical, neither lyrical nor ironic." They also criticized the voices of Dog ("too tentative and young") and Cheeky ("too refined"). They said John Clarke does wonderfully well as Wal but should have been cast as Dog, the most articulate and cynical of the characters. They declared the film is cuter than the comic strip and largely fails because it has turned the strip into a film about humans who own animals. "As everyone knows, that should be the other way around."
The Canberra Times''' reviewer Dougal McDonald wrote that while Murray Ball had devised enough gags and situations to sustain 72 minutes of animated film in the constrictions of a coherent plot line, he had "kept the ingredients but not the flavour". He said the result is "Saturday matinee, school holidays stuff, no matter how devoted you may be to Ball on the printed page". He also noted the absence of a few of the comic strip's characters: Prince Charles the corgi, Cooch's cousin Kathy and Cecil the ram.
When Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale screened in Los Angeles, California, in 1987, film critic Charles Solomon gave it two and a half stars out of four and the following review:
The film received a limited re-release in New Zealand cinemas in 2011, at which time co-producer John Barnett ruled out the possibility of a sequel, saying the time had passed.
Home mediaFootrot Flats: The Dog's Tale was released on VHS. It was later released on DVD on 9 April 2004 for its 18th anniversary. It was re-released on DVD and for the first time on Blu-ray on 12 January 2011. It is also available for purchase and streaming on Amazon. A copyright warning at the end of the film states: Anyone caught pirating this picture will be eaten by The Murphys' Hellhounds.
Accolades
Tie-in books
A tie-in book, Magpie Productions Presents Footrot Flats - The Dog's Tail Tale by Murray Ball and Tom Scott, and featuring animation stills from the movie, was released in 1986. A more detailed book, Footrot Flats: The Dog's Tale, The Making of the Movie'' by Lesley Stevens, was published by Inprint in 1986.
See also
List of animated feature films of 1986
References
External links
Footrot Flats at NZ On Screen
1986 films
1986 animated films
New Zealand films
New Zealand animated films
Animated comedy films
Films set in New Zealand
Animated films based on comics
Films based on comic strips
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18960031
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audience%20Measurement%20and%20Analytics%20Ltd.%20%28aMap%29
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Audience Measurement and Analytics Ltd. (aMap)
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Audience Measurement & Analytics Limited (aMap) is an overnight TV audience measurement system that used to provide data on television in India such as demographics, ownership, and viewership. It also runs the AmapDigital, an overnight DTH (Direct-to-home) TV audience measurement panel. The data is now being provided by Broadcast Audience Research Council (BARC) India.
Background
aMap began in 2004 on the basis of its research in India, which showed that a number of opinion leaders felt that the industry required an audience measurement system.
aMap collects viewership data using Telecontrol VIII data collection units sourced from Telecontrol AG, and wireless connections using GSM modems.
Activities
aMap provides data on television ratings, gross rating points (GRP), reach, time spent, market share, target groups, connectivity of channels, content analysis and more.
aMap has an overnight panel encompassing 6,000 metered homes.
aMap delivers data overnight so that yesterday’s data can be accessed today by the subscribers. Over and above the usual demographics like SEC, age, gender and C&S availability, viewing data is also reported across durable ownership, vehicle ownership, type of TV, size of household, occupation and education of individuals, monthly household income, children at home, chief wage earner, type of dwelling and more.
aMap's methodology
A team of Telecontrol experts, three professors at IIM Ahmedabad has developed mathematical and statistical modules that help aMap undertaking a data health check every day.
aMap chosen as audience measurement currency by Eurodata TV worldwide
Eurodata TV Worldwide has released, ‘One Television Year in the World’ a handbook on TV audience measurement data across the world.
“Eurodata TV Worldwide” is the international data bank of TV programmes and audiences, which now covers over 2000 channels throughout 80 territories and provides daily program information including: content, production, international distribution and the audience levels for targeted programs, all data emanating directly from the authorized institute based in each country. For India the institute is aMap.
Connectivity data
aMap is the only system in India that gathers and disseminates connectivity data on an overnight basis, for three times of the day. To aMap’s subscribers, data is provided on an overnight basis by market and by band. The bands in which data is disseminated are Prime band, Colour Band, S Band, Ultra High Frequency (UHF) and Hyper Band.
It gives the percentage of homes that receive a channel on a particular band.
Audience Research Laboratory
aMap collaborated with Optimum Media Solutions (OMS)–a media agency and Mudra Institute of Communications Ahmedabad (MICA) to set up the “aMap OMS Audience Research laboratory” at the MICA campus. The laboratory was inaugurated in 2006. The lab is operated under the directions of its advisory council. It works with experts in social sciences, psychology, anthropology, advocacy and market research to explore audience research data.
See also
TAM Media Research
Broadcast Audience Research Council (BARC) India
References
External links
Official website
Public opinion research companies
Market research companies of India
Audience measurement
Indian companies established in 2004
Television terminology
Technology companies established in 2004
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11736942
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20X%20Street%20Murders
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The X Street Murders
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"The X Street Murders" is a locked room mystery short story by Joseph Commings, featuring his detective Brooks U. Banner.
Plot summary
The story begins on X Street in Washington, D.C., where the New Zealand legation is located. Caroll Lockyear walks out of the legation at 11:29. The secretary, Gertrude Wagner, writes down an appointment that Lockyear has for next week with Mr. Gosling. On her desk is a sealed envelope containing something heavy that is inscribed, Deliver to Mr. Kermit Gosling, at 11:30 a.m. sharp. As Lockyear leaves, Gertrude walks past Captain Cozzens and Alvin Odel, whose job it is to watch Gosling's office. Gertrude opens the door, and three shots ring out. Gosling has three bullet holes in him, and he is dying. Odel and Cozzens run in, asking "Where is the gun?" Gertrude opens the envelope on her desk, and a wisp of smoke comes out. The gun that killed Gosling had been sitting on Gertrude's desk in a sealed envelope since it was delivered earlier that morning.
Senator Banner is at The Idle Hour Club when a letter calls him to the legation to lend his investigative talents. The gun is revealed to be a Russian Tokarev. Banner investigates, and discovers the envelope was delivered at 10 a.m. by a 10-year-old kid who didn't say whether it had been given to him by a man or a woman. The envelope was untouched until it was taken to Gosling's room.
Gertrude is stalked by Odel, who is convinced she is the killer. Gertrude tries to convince him that she is not the killer but Odel believes it is her, because she is from East Germany. Gertrude leaves, but before she does, she slips Odel a piece of paper with two circles on it; a small one inside a big one. Gertrude leaves, and meets up with the real killer, on X Street, who shoots her to death.
A patrolman finds Gertrude's body. The gun that shot her is revealed to be an American .38. Odel shows Banner the drawing of a circle within a circle. Banner rushes McKitrick and the group to the legation, where he is waiting. As they arrive, Banner gives everyone the answer. They search the legation, looking for a recording tape, which is found in a light socket. Banner has them arrest Caroll Lockyear.
Banner reveals that Gertrude was being forced to help Lockyear with his murder plot. Lockyear was a Communist agent, and Gertrude's mother and father were stuck in East Germany. Lockyear claimed he could get them out, but threatened to have them killed unless she helped him. Using a tape recorder, Lockyear recorded three minutes of silence, then fired three shots with the Tokarev, then recorded more silence. The day he killed Gosling, Lockyear arranged for the delivery of an envelope containing a toy gun to Gertrude's desk. He then went to the legation with a briefcase that had an identical empty envelope in it, and a silenced Tokarev. He stalled Gosling until a time as close to 11:30 as possible, then shot him and started the tape recording. Lockyear sealed the gun into the empty envelope. As Lockyear left, he put his briefcase on Gertrude's desk, holding the envelope against it. He picked the other envelope on Gertrude's desk up and replaced it with the envelope holding the real gun. After the shots on the tape recording were heard, when everyone was examining Gosling's body, Gertrude shut off the tape recorder. She had drawn the two circles to draw attention to a reel of recording tape. Lockyear killed her, thinking she had already destroyed the tape.
1962 short stories
Mystery short stories
Locked-room mysteries
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65091292
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanton%20Jina%20Gbiele%20Festival
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Kanton Jina Gbiele Festival
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Kanton Jina Gbiele Festival is an annual festival celebrated by the chiefs and people of Tumu Traditional Area in the Upper West Region of Ghana. It is usually celebrated in the month of January.
Celebrations
During the festival, visitors are welcomed to share food and drinks. The people put on traditional clothes and there is durbar of chiefs. There is also dancing and drumming.
Significance
This festival is celebrated to mark an event that took place in the past and make the people think about what happened. The people make companions with the present and adjust their lifestyles. It is claimed this festival is in the remembrance of the Ruler of the people Late Kanton I.
References
Festivals in Ghana
Upper West Region
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8897816
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi%20Scott%20%28bishop%29
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Levi Scott (bishop)
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Levi Scott (October 11, 1802 – July 13, 1882) was an American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, elected in 1852.
Birth, family and early life
Scott was born near Cantwell's Bridge, now Odessa, Delaware. His parents were Methodists, his father a class-leader and local preacher who entered the Itinerant Ministry of the Philadelphia Annual Conference of the M.E. Church in 1803. He died the following year.
He labored on a farm until his sixteenth year, when he began a mechanical occupation. He was converted to Christ in 1822 and united with the church.
Ordained ministry
After great hesitation, and under a thorough conviction of duty, he accepted a license to preach in 1825. The following year he was received into the Philadelphia Conference.
Scott was appointed, successively, to Talbot, Dover, St. George's Charge, Philadelphia, and West Chester. In 1832, on account of impaired health, he received the supernumerary relation. The following year he was able to resume his work. In 1834, he was unexpectedly appointed Presiding Elder of the Delaware District.
Scott continued to fill pastoral charges until, in 1840, and at the earnest solicitation of Dr. Durbin, he accepted the position of principal of the Dickinson Grammar School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. He served in this position for three years before returning again to pastoral work, which was more to his taste.
Scott was elected a member of every General Conference of the M.E. Church from 1836 to 1852. The 1848 General Conference elected him the assistant book agent of the Methodist Book Concern in New York City.
Episcopal ministry
After serving four years with the book concern, the Scott was elected to the episcopacy of the Methodist Episcopal Church by the 1852 General Conference. As a bishop he traveled extensively through all the states and territories in which his denomination was active. The year after his election, Bishop Scott sailed for Africa, visiting the missions on that coast and presiding at the session of the Liberia Annual Conference. He also visited the conferences on the US Pacific Coast three times. He was the senior bishop of the M.E. Church until his death, following the death of Bishop Thomas Asbury Morris in 1874.
See also
List of bishops of the United Methodist Church
References
Cyclopaedia of Methodism, Matthew Simpson, D.D., LL.D., Ed., (Revised Edition.) Philadelphia, Louis H. Everts, 1880, pp. 790–91.
Leete, Frederick DeLand, Methodist Bishops. Nashville, The Methodist Publishing House, 1948.
1802 births
1882 deaths
Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church
American Methodist bishops
People from New Castle County, Delaware
19th-century Methodist bishops
19th-century American bishops
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45154386
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincar-Janko
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Cincar-Janko
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Janko Popović (; 1779–1833), nicknamed Cincar Janko (Цинцар-Јанко), was a Serbian vojvoda, one of the most prominent leaders of the First Serbian Uprising.
Early life
Janko was born in 1779 in Ohrid, in a family of priests. His father came from the Aromanian village of Dolna Belica. where his cousin Cincar Marko Kostić, another leader in the Serbian Uprising was born. After he had murdered a certain Turk, Janko fled northwards and around the year 1800 and settled in Valjevo where he lived as a tradesman. His nickname was Cincar ("Aromanian"), because of his roots.
Serbian Uprising (1804-1813)
When the outlawed janissaries from Belgrade decided to preemptively murder all the important Serbs in the district they controlled, Popović was also imprisoned, but was in the end released due to the pleading of many citizens of Valjevo.
Having lived through this ordeal, Popović joined the insurrection immediately. From 1804 until 1811 he fought against the Turks mostly on Drina River. He took part in the taking of Karanovac (nowadays Kraljevo) in 1805, battle of Lješnica (1806) and the battle of Čučuge (1806). He was appointed to be the commander of bećari, unmarried men or Serbs from out of Serbia, who – unlike the rest of the peasant army which was not too keen of leaving their villages for too long – were the most mobile part of the insurrectionist army.
Cincar Janko distinguished himself in the battle of Mišar (1806) and in the consequent pursuing of the defeated Bosnian army during which he even crossed into the Habsburg Empire to attack those who sought refuge there. Because of this incident, the Austrians will continue pressing for his trial. In late 1806 he took part in the liberation of Belgrade. In 1807 he was at the head of the Šabac garrison and fought in the skirmished on River Drina.
In 1809 he is given the title of vojvoda (“duke”) and is commanding troops that crossed into Bosnia. In 1810 Popović was wounded in the battle of Tičar, near Loznica.
He was famous for taking part in duels that took place before the battle would start.
During the Uprising Cincar Janko continued, as much as he could, with trade. He also bought himself a house in Belgrade.
In the conflict between the supreme commander Karadjordje and some of the leaders of the Insurrection, Cincar Janko took Karadjordje’s side. Cincar Janko became vojvode of the County of Požarevac. He remained on this position until the end of the Uprising.
During the 1813 Ottoman offensive Cincar Janko was defending Deligrad on the southern front but had to retreat, first to Požarevac and then to Belgrade, where from he crossed to the Habsburg Empire.
Life in Russia (1813-1830)
Because of the 1809 border incident Cincar Janko was now put to trial and imprisoned in Arad. Upon the insisting of the Russian Emperor he was released and joined the other leaders of the Insurrection in Russia. Like many of them, Cincar Janko lived in Hotin (today in Ukraine) until 1830. His sons got educated as officers of the Russian army in which they started their career but later returned to Serbia with their father.
Return to Serbia and Death (1830-1833)
After the Sultan had granted Serbia autonomy, Prince of Serbia Miloš Obrenović, allowed most of the exiled vojvodas to return. Cincar Janko did so and settled in Šabac. In 1833 he got sick; on his way to the Sokobanja spa he stopped at Ravanica Monastery where he died.
Popović was a brave man and an able leader. All of his life he remained a devout Orthodox Christian. He helped several churches in Serbia and in the Habsburg Empire. He is mentioned in many epic folk songs as well as in Sima Milutinović Sarajlija’s epic Serbijanka.
His descendants took the surname Cincar-Janković and were an eminent Belgrade family.
References
External links
M. Dj. Milićević, Pomenik, Belgrade 1888, 1979
Mala enciklopedija Prosveta, Belgrade 1959, 1986, vol. 3, p. 878
A. Gavrilović, Znameniti Srbi 19. veka, Belgrade-Zagreb 1901
Riznica srpska http://www.riznicasrpska.net/ponossrpstva/index.php?topic=211.0
1779 births
1833 deaths
People from Ohrid
Military personnel from Požarevac
People of the First Serbian Uprising
19th-century Serbian people
Serbian people of Aromanian descent
Burials at Serbian Orthodox monasteries and churches
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15517061
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20Catholic%20Diocese%20of%20Innsbruck
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Innsbruck
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The Roman Catholic Diocese of Innsbruck () is a Latin rite suffragan diocese in the Ecclesiastical province of the Metropolitan of Salzburg (in western Austria), covering the Bundesland (state) Tyrol.
Its cathedral episcopal see is the Innsbruck Cathedral, dedicated to Saint James, in the city of Innsbruck.
It also has four Minor basilicas : Herz-Jesu-Basilika, dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, in Hall in Tirol; St. Michael, in Absam; Unsere Liebe Frau von der Unbefleckten Empfängnis, Immaculate Conception, in Wilten and Zisterzienserkirche, Cistercian monastery in Stams.
History
Established on 11 December 1925 as Apostolic Administration of Innsbruck – Feldkirch, on territory split off from Diocese of Brixen
6 August 1964: Promoted as Diocese of Innsbruck – Feldkirch
8 December 1968: Renamed as Diocese of Innsbruck / Œnipontan(us) (Latin), having lost territory to establish Diocese of Feldkirch
It enjoyed a Papal visit from Pope John Paul II in June 1988.
Statistics
As per 2014, it pastorally served 395,490 Catholics (72.8% of 543,173 total) on 9,845 km² in 243 parishes and 49 missions with 344 priests (193 diocesan, 151 religious), 64 deacons, 803 lay religious (246 brothers, 557 sisters) and 6 seminarians.
Episcopal Ordinaries
(al Roman rite)
Apostolic Administrators of Innsbruck – Feldkirch
Sigismund Waitz (born Italy) (1921–1938), Titular Bishop of Cibyra (1913.05.09 – 1934.12.17), previously Auxiliary Bishop of Diocese of Brixen (Italy) (1913.05.09 – 1934.12.17); later Metropolitan Archbishop of Salzburg (Austria) ([1934.12.10] 1934.12.17 – death 1941.10.30)
Auxiliary Bishop: Franz Tschann (born Italy) (1936.08.08 – retired 1955.10.01), Titular Bishop of Panium (1936.08.08 – death 1956.10.10)
Paulus Rusch (1938.10.15 – 1964.08.06 see below) (born Germany), Titular Bishop of Lycopolis (1938.10.15 – 1947.12.09); next Titular Bishop of Meloë in Isauria (1947.12.09 – 1964.09.26)
Auxiliary Bishop: Bruno Wechner (1954.12.31 – 1968.12.09), Titular Bishop of Cartennæ (1954.12.31 – 1968.12.09); later first Bishop of daughter see Feldkirch (Austria) (1968.12.09 – retired 1989.01.21), died 1999Suffragan Bishops of Innsbruck
Paulus Rusch (see above'' 1964.08.06 – death 1980.08.13)
Reinhold Stecher (1980.12.15 – retired 1997.10.10), died 2013
Alois Kothgasser, Salesians (S.D.B.) (1997.10.10 – 2002.11.27), next Metropolitan Archbishop of Salzburg (Austria) (2002.11.27 – retired 2013.11.04)
Manfred Scheuer (2003.10.21 – 2015.11.18), next Bishop of Linz (Austria) (2015.11.18 – ...)
Hermann Glettler (appointed 2017.09.27)
See also
List of Catholic dioceses in Austria
Roman Catholicism in Austria
Sources and external links
GCatholic.org - data for all sections
Diocese website
Catholic Hierarchy
References
Roman Catholic dioceses in Austria
Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Salzburg
Organisations based in Innsbruck
Religious organizations established in 1925
Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
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25802534
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schizothorax%20labrosus
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Schizothorax labrosus
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Schizothorax labrosus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schizothorax from Lugu Lake in Ninglang, Yunnan.
References
Schizothorax
Fish described in 1981
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8398652
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That%27s%20the%20Way%20It%20Is%20%28Elvis%20Presley%20album%29
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That's the Way It Is (Elvis Presley album)
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That's the Way It Is is the twelfth studio album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released on RCA Records, LSP 4445, in November 1970. It consists of eight studio tracks recorded at RCA Studio B in Nashville, and four live in-concert tracks recorded at The International Hotel in Las Vegas. It accompanied the theatrical release of the documentary film Elvis: That's the Way It Is, although it is not generally considered a soundtrack album. The album peaked at number 21 on the Billboard 200 and at number eight on the country chart. It was certified Gold on June 28, 1973 by the Recording Industry Association of America and up-graded to Platinum, for sales of a million copies on March 8, 2018.
Content
The original vinyl LP consisted of eight tracks recorded in the studio in Nashville at the marathon sessions in June 1970 that would also yield several singles and the Elvis Country album, and four tracks from his August 1970 engagement at The International Hotel in Las Vegas. The track "You Don't Have to Say You Love Me" had been released as the advance single on October 6; its b-side, "Patch It Up", appears in a live version here. "The Next Step Is Love" had previously been released as a B-side in July 1970, and its A-side "I've Lost You" appears in a live version here too. The concert version of "I Just Can't Help Believin" from this album was released as a single in the United Kingdom in November 1971, reaching number six on the UK Singles Chart. Its b-side "How the Web Was Woven" was also taken from this album. A rehearsal version of the latter song was featured in the 1970 documentary Elvis: That's the Way It Is.
Reissues
In 2009, the Follow That Dream label released The Wonder of You which contains the full concert from August 13, 1970. Some concert footage from that date was used in the documentary.
On July 6, 2012, Follow That Dream released a two-disc LP special edition of the album. This edition offers highlights from the 2-CD Follow That Dream release. It contains 21 tracks and features different takes of the songs.
Track listing
Original release
2000 special edition
2008 FTD 2 discs Special Edition
2012 LP Special Edition
Personnel
Sourced from Keith Flynn.
Studio tracks
Elvis Presley – lead vocals, guitar, harmony vocals on “Bridge Over Troubled Water”
James Burton – lead guitar
Chip Young – rhythm guitar
Charlie Hodge – harmony vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar
David Briggs – piano, organ on "How the Web Was Woven"
Norbert Putnam – bass
Jerry Carrigan – drums
Charlie McCoy – organ, harmonica, marimba on "Just Pretend,” “Twenty Days and Twenty Nights,” and “Bridge Over Troubled Water”
Farrell Morris – percussion, vibes
Weldon Myrick – steel guitar on "How the Web Was Woven"
The Jordanaires – backing vocals
The Imperials – backing vocals
Live tracks
Elvis Presley – lead vocals, guitar
James Burton – lead guitar
John Wilkinson – rhythm guitar
Charlie Hodge – harmony and backing vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar, scarves
Glen Hardin – piano, electric piano
Jerry Scheff – bass
Ronnie Tutt – drums
Millie Kirkham – backing vocals
The Sweet Inspirations – backing vocals
The Imperials – backing vocals
The Joe Guercio Orchestra
Charts
Certifications
References
External links
Albums produced by Felton Jarvis
1970 albums
Elvis Presley albums
RCA Records albums
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1855762
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C3%A9n
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Eén
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Eén (stylized as één; ) is a public Dutch-language TV station in Belgium, owned by the VRT, which also owns Ketnet, Canvas and several radio stations. Although the channel is commercial-free, short sponsorship messages are broadcast in between some programmes.
Eén focuses on drama, entertainment, news and current affairs in a similar vein to BBC One in the United Kingdom. The station was formerly known as VRT TV1 until the current Eén branding was launched as part of a major station revamp on 21 January 2005, with a look created by BBC Broadcast.
Eén is the equivalent of its French-language counterpart, La Une, the first channel of the Belgian Francophone broadcaster, RTBF.
On-screen presentation
Continuity
With its sister channel Ketnet, Eén was one of 21 stations in Europe to utilise in-vision continuity presentation. Four regular staff announcers (as of January 2014) were presenting in-vision and out-of-vision links from lunchtime until around midnight or in the early hours (if necessary) each day.
The last team of announcers was composed of:
Andrea Croonenberghs (senior announcer)
Geena Lisa Peeters
Eva Daeleman
Saartje Vandendriessche
The in-vision presentation was ditched on 26 July 2015. Since that day, it is replaced by out-of-vision continuity.
Seasonal identity
As of its 2007 rebrand as één, the channel uses different idents, logos, blips and a different colour scheme every season. This seasonality concept was abolished when Eén got a new look, created by Gédéon Programmes, in early 2009.
Logo history
Programming
Foreign language programmes and segments of local TV programmes with foreign language dialogue (e.g. interviews with people speaking in other languages) are shown with Dutch subtitles.
Belgian
1000 Zonnen
Blokken
Dans Mondial
Debby and Nancy's Happy Hour
De bedenkers
De Laaste Show
De Pappenheimers
De Rode Loper
De Slimste Mens ter Wereld
De Zevende Dag
Eurosong
Fata Morgana
F.C. De Kampioenen
Gentse Waterzooi
Het Journaal
Koppen
Man Bijt Hond
Peter Live
Professor T.
Salamander
Sorry voor alles
Sportweekend
Studio 1
Thuis
Tomtesterom
Tour
Villa Politica
Vlaanderen Vakantieland
Volt
Witse
International
'Allo 'Allo
3rd Rock from the Sun
Agatha Christie's Poirot
Are You Being Served?
Bergerac
The Bill
The Border
Desperate Housewives
Doc Martin
Doctor Who
Downton Abbey
How to Get Away with Murder
The Last Ship
Married... with Children
MasterChef
MasterChef Australia
Merseybeat
Midsomer Murders
Miranda
The Missing
Monarch of the Glen
The Musketeers
The Nanny
Neighbours
The Player
Primeval
Psi Factor
The Saint
Scott & Bailey
Sea Patrol
S1NGLE
Sold
Versailles
Victoria
Teletext
VRT offered a teletext service as of 8 May 1980 which was stopped on 1 June 2016. The page 888 is still available for subtitles. The service was used by 576,094 persons per day in 2010. The number dropped down to 123,709 in 2014.
References
External links
1953 establishments in Belgium
Dutch-language television networks
Television channels in Belgium
Television channels in Flanders
Television channels and stations established in 1953
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38848421
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eupithecia%20peckorum
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Eupithecia peckorum
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Eupithecia peckorum, or Peck's pug moth, is a moth in the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Roger L. Heitzman and Wilbur R. Enns in 1977. It is found in the United States in eastern Texas, Missouri, Mississippi and Louisiana.
The length of the forewings is 8.3-9.2 mm. The forewings are faintly reddish brown. The anterior portion is grayish, becoming brown posteriorly.
Etymology
The species is named in honor of araneologist Dr. and Mrs. William B. Peck of Central Missouri State University, Warrensburg.
References
Moths described in 1977
peckorum
Moths of North America
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29150687
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coll%20de%20Balaguer
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Coll de Balaguer
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The Coll de Balaguer is a mountain pass in Catalonia, Spain. It is located at the point where the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range reaches the sea, in L'Almadrava, within the Vandellòs i l'Hospitalet de l'Infant municipality, Baix Camp.
Despite its scant altitude this pass has been an important communication line between the Terres de l'Ebre region and the Camp de Tarragona since ancient times. Nowadays highways AP-7, N-340, as well as the RENFE Barcelona-Valencia railway line go through the Coll de Balaguer pass.
There are the ruins of a 13th-century castle overlooking the pass from the time of the fight against the Saracens. The Vandellòs Nuclear Power Plant is located right south of Coll de Balaguer.
See also
Catalan Pre-Coastal Range
References
Mountain passes of Spain
Landforms of Catalonia
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26786483
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93China%20relations
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Algeria–China relations
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Algeria and China have traditionally strong relations, celebrating the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations in 2018. In 2010, relations were considered the strongest of all Arab-Chinese relations behind Sudanese-Chinese relations. While relations are firmly grounded in commercial ties, diplomatic relations have notably extended into socio-cultural and political spheres.
In 2014, the Sino-Algerian bilateral relationship was elevated to a "Comprehensive Strategic Partnership," the first of its kind in the Sino-Arab world. Chinese top political advisor, Yu Zhengsheng, stated the goals of this partnership were to "enhance exchanges at all levels, cement political mutual trust and promote pragmatic cooperation" between the two nations. In 2018, Chinese President Xi Jinping echoed similar rhetoric, pledging to help promote further development of the partnership and continue the trend towards closer diplomatic ties.
History of diplomatic relations
Algeria–China relations have played an important role amidst the backdrop of Algeria's turbulent 20th century history. Algeria's struggle for independence from France in the 1950s was, in many ways, rooted to the rise of a socialist political philosophy as a welcomed alternative to the perceived oppressive nature of the liberal-capitalist French state. China was an early supporter of the Front de Libération Nation (FLN) – the socialist revolutionary party which continues to dominate Algerian politics today.
Some critics suggest that China was acting as a pseudo-colonial force attempting to shape the FLN, in a similar way to the Viet-Minh movement in Indo-China, into an instrument of revolutionary strategy against France and the West generally. However, the early relationship between FLN members and Maoist China did reap mutual benefits. According to researcher Kyle Haddad-Fonda, the association gave "ideological credibility" to the burgeoning Algerian FLN and helped to garner support and solidify their regional reputation. On the other hand, China was permitted to "champion a revolutionary cause" in line with their socialist ideology – expanding their sphere of influence into the Maghreb region while maintaining an ultimately politically passive role which did not overtly threaten Algeria's sense of independence.
China was the first non-Arab country to recognise the FLN as Algerian provisional government in December 1958. China's foreign policy continued to follow a similar style of passive support in the region, providing economic investment – filling the gaps as Western nations started pulling out of the unstable region - while avoiding military intervention. For example, between 1958 and 1962, China provided assistance to the Armée de Libération Nationale – the armed wing of the FLN – in the form of funds, arms and training for Algerian officers, forms of practical support that avoided an obvious influx of Chinese military. For this reason, some commentators have suggested the Sino-Algerian relationship took the form of an "illusory alliance" rather than a military one.
The involvement of China was welcomed by Algeria. The Algerian Foreign Minister, Abdelkader Messahel, remarked in a 2018 speech on "the vital contribution that China has brought to the Algerian revolution (1954-1962) to help it regain its independence. The unwavering support of China continued as it was the first country to recognise the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic (GPRA) a few weeks after its proclamation in September 1958."
After Algeria gained independence in 1962, China continued to ‘fill the void’ left by Western nations. China provided material support, including immediately dispatching a medical team, donating shipments of wheat, laminated steel, school equipment, a 13,000-ton freighter, and four transport aircraft and alleviating financial burden by extending a $50 million low-interest loan.
During the Cold War, Algeria emerged as a leader of the Third World and a beacon of anti-colonialism and national liberation movements in Africa. According to Derek Mitchell, China's foreign policy was based on a "solidarity with the 'third world' to distinguish itself from the bipolar Cold War rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union." China was attempting to compete with the hegemonic influence of Soviet Union and the West in Algeria, and Algerian policy became a key source of conflict in the competition between China and the Soviet Union.
In the 1970s, the influential role of China in the North Africa region became apparent when China stepped in to mediate small-scale disputes between Algeria and regional competitor Morocco which threatened to disrupt the stability of the region. While the United Nations had tried and failed to resolve these conflicts, some commentators argue that it was China's good relations with the two countries and growing economic investment in the region which allowed China's involvement to be successful.
While China, historically, did dominate relations as a 'foreign power', the relationship between the two countries remained bilateral. In 1971, for example, Algeria played an important role in helping China to gain a seat at both the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council.
In the 1990s – the "dark decade" dominated by the Algerian Civil War – China continued to provide aid in the form of military funding, such as US$100 million in arms, but avoided an overt military presence.
At a ceremony celebrating the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two states, the Chinese Ambassador to Algeria, Li Lianhe, stated "these strong bilateral relations have been founded by the old generation, as they grew up to reach the level of Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, which is a great achievement in the process of fruitful progress of bilateral ties."
There is a sense of continued solidarity between Algeria and China which stems from both their historical association to the "Third World" and, now, their mutual sense of belonging to the "Developing World". Former Chinese Ambassador of RPC in Algeria, Liu Yuhe, declared in 2010, that despite differences in GDP, "China and Algeria remain developing countries."
Economy
The importance of China's economic engagement with the North African region – and specifically with Algeria – could hardly be understated. Some researchers have described China as taking a "hegemonic role" in the region, and others have criticised China for pursuing "self-serving" economic policy of indiscriminate resource extraction. China has transitioned from being an external, often passive supporter of anti-colonisation movements into the preeminent economic partner of several African countries. Algeria is the North African country with closest economic ties with China, and on an African scale, ranks third behind South Africa and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Notably, China has achieved this influential role not through military campaigns or colonisation but through infrastructure and economic development projects.
Development projects
From 2000 to 2011, there were approximately 9 Chinese official development finance projects identified in Algeria. These projects range from an offer of a preferential loan of about US$48 million in 2004, to the construction of an Opera House at a total cost of 300 million yuan in 2010.
At the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), Chinese president Xi Jinping announced US$60 billion in aid, investment and loans for Africa in the next three years. This is one of a series of substantial moves from Beijing to compound its investment Africa; Chinese loans to Africa have increased from $1 billion in 200–2002 to $52 billion in 2015–2017. China's involvement in Algeria specifically has also mirrored this trend. Between 2001 and 2016, China has transformed from barely registering in Algeria's foreign trade to overtaking France as Algeria's number one source of imports.
In 2018, China donated US$28.8 million to Algeria as part of an agreement to improve Algerian-Chinese economic and technical cooperation.
Construction
A key factor leading to Algeria-China strong economic ties was the withdrawal of Western corporations from Algeria during the Algerian Civil War. When Algeria then embarked on a post-war reconstruction program, China was able to develop economic links with Algeria through heavy development of state infrastructure. These include the building of the new airport in Algiers, the Foreign Office, the Constitutional Court, the Olympic Stadium of Oran and the largest prison in Algeria.
Recently, Chinese companies have won the rights to two-thirds of the 1216-km east–west highway – at over $11 billion, this is the largest project in Algeria – as well as the construction of what will be the third largest mosque in the world. One of the most overt signs of Chinese construction was the gift of $38 million for the Opera of Algiers in 2015 – a project whose importance lies not only in the financial worth but also in the symbolic gesture from China in support of Algerian design and Algerian cultural achievements.
Energy
Algeria's economy is dominated by the hydrocarbon sector, accounting for around 28% of GDP, 58% of government revenues and 98% of all exports. Algeria has two nuclear reactors, one of which is the Chinese-built El Salaam nuclear reactor. Nuclear energy offers an opportunity to diversify Algeria's energy supply and move beyond hydrocarbon dependence. However, initially, the potential for militarisation of nuclear reactors was a cause for concern among Western States. This led to close Sino-Algerian cooperation denouncing suggestions of impropriety, resulting in Algeria agreeing to ratify the UN Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1995.
Automobile industry
Another approach to diversifying Algeria's economy has come from the Algerian government's eagerness to have Chinese automaker companies invest in Algeria.
In 2008, China and Algeria established the Jiangling Economic and Free Trade Zone in Mostagenm, which focused on car assembly involving Chinese companies Jiangling Motors Group and Jiangxi Coal Corporation Group and their Algerian partner, Groupe Mazouz.
In 2009, the Complementary Finance Law adopter by Algeria requires foreign investors to have Algerian partners as majority shareholders. This was followed in February 2015 by an executive order requiring foreign car deals to establish assembly plants In Algeria itself, in attempts to attract foreign investment and stimulate local production.
Trade
The economic ties between Algeria and China are not limited to a one way flow from China to Algeria of investment and development. Bilateral trade has increased rapidly in recent years, and China has recently surpassed France as the premier supplier to Algeria. China's exports to Algeria are dominated by manufactured goods, while Chinese imports from Algeria are dominated by crude oil and petroleum products. This agreement meets rapidly developing China's need for raw materials, while in Algeria consumer goods from China have become indispensable to every day life. There is the added advantage that this inflow of goods are not detrimental to the Algerian local production (which is virtually non-existent).
Algeria has recently joined the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative which focuses on upgrading transport logistics platforms to cope with growing traffic from global trade. One aim of the government's strategy is to interconnect transport logistics platforms, reducing the cost of transporting goods. The Algerian Transport and Public Works Minister, Adelghani Zalene, stated that “we [the Algerian government] are glad to join the initiative, in which China will share its experience and know-hows with the African continent, including Algeria, as part of a global developing process.”
Contemporary diplomatic policy
China's diplomatic policy in Algeria and in the Arab world is not clear cut. According to Alice Ecknman, China has no real position on the status of women, the state or religion. Despite China's poor track record of domestic treatment of Muslims, the growing super power has still been expanding relationships in the Arab World. China has become one of the most influential economic partners with Algeria - a nation for whom Islam remains at the centre of state politics.
Algeria's foreign policy is driven by pragmatism. According to François Lafargue, “Algeria plays a subtle game between Washington, Paris, Moscow and Beijing. Algiers sees the United States as the power capable of helping them stabilize the region, France as a traditional trading and cultural partner, Moscow as an arms supplier, and Beijing as a diplomatic ally capable of accelerating its development without imposing constraints.” On a diplomatic visit to Algeria in 2014, Hillary Clinton described Algeria as a "dynamic catalyst to promote regional stability and security."
In July 2019, UN ambassadors of 37 countries, including Algeria, have signed a joint letter to the UNHRC defending China's treatment of Uyghurs and other Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang region.
Bibliography
La Chine en Algérie : Approches socio-économiques, sous la direction de Abderrezak Adel, Thierry Pairault et Fatiha Talahite, Paris, MA Éditions – ESKA, 2017
References
China
Africa–China relations
Bilateral relations of China
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellen%20Auensen
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Ellen Auensen
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Ellen Auensen (born 28 June 1944) is a Norwegian illustrator.
She was born in Oslo. She finished her secondary education at Oslo Cathedral School in 1963, and graduated from the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry in 1968. In the same year she was hired as an illustrator and political cartoonist in the newspaper Morgenbladet. She was awarded the Narvesen Prize in 1973. She was the only female illustrator to win this award; two men Gösta Hammarlund and Henry Imsland won it in the 1950s. Some of her political cartoons were released as books with writings by Knut Bøckman: Ellen 72: Se Norges blomsterdal (1972), Ellen 73: Mot den evige sne (1973) and Ellen 75: I hine hårde dage (1975).
From 1978 to 1990 she lived in Sweden and worked for Sveriges Radio and Swedish publishing houses. After returning to Norway she mainly illustrated book covers after 1990.
References
1944 births
Living people
Artists from Oslo
Oslo National Academy of the Arts alumni
Norwegian illustrators
Norwegian women illustrators
Norwegian editorial cartoonists
Norwegian expatriates in Sweden
People educated at Oslo Cathedral School
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57826686
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kina%20Bona
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Kina Bona
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Sir Kina Bona is a judge of the Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea. He is a former president of the Papua New Guinea Law Society.
References
Papua New Guinean judges
Papua New Guinean knights
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53867382
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonsas%20Danys
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Alfonsas Danys
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Alfonsas Danys (16 September 1924 – 2014) was a Lithuanian writer known for satire works, detective fiction and novels about a rural life, Interwar, World War II and the Soviet Lithuania.
Early life and education
Danys was born to a Lithuanian family of farmers in 1924 in Trumpiškiai, Rokiškis, Lithuania. He was raised in a family of five children: he had one brother and three sisters. In 1937, due to a fire, his parents lost all the buildings and animals on the farm.
Danys studied at Rokiškis gymnasium. His first employment was a teacher’s job at Pakriauniai elementary school where he worked for 2 years since 1944 autumn. In 1946, he moved to Kaunas to study at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. In 1947, he moved to Vilnius to study law. In Vilnius, he held a variety of jobs including work at the confectionery factory "Žibutė" where he began writing. Danys finished Lithuanian language and literature studies at the Vilnius Pedagogical Institute. His longest employment started in 1953 at the Lithuanian government body where he worked for 33 years. Danys has begun his career as an assistant editor of government news at the Lithuanian branch of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Later he worked as a chief editor and translator at the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet. As a specialist in Lithuanian language philology, Danys was responsible for translating legal documents from Russian to Lithuanian.
Writing career
Danys wrote his first book ("Saldaus Gyvenimo Klampynėse") after a work experience at the confectionery factory. The theme of the book was the impact of communism on human mentality and how thefts became a norm in society.
Danys started to write satires and feuilletons when he worked at the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. He wrote under a pseudonym "Banys". Since 1961, satires were published by "Šluota" and other magazines. 250 of works were published since then.
In 1982, "Pergalė" magazine has published parts of a satire novel "Rūkytas Kumpis" where Danys wrote about the Soviet government in a humorous tone. This event has prevented to publish more of Danys works during the Soviet Lithuania.
All Danys works were published only after 1990 when Lithuania got the independence from the Soviet Union. The first book was published when he was 54 years old.
Works
The most popular works of Alfonsas Danys are the series of four novels that talk about the Interwar, World War II and Postwar periods. The books were inspired by a resistance among intellectuals and artists to adapt their ideas to the ideology of the communism during the Soviet occupation. In Soviet Lithuania, only the works which were adapted to fit the view of the Soviet ideology were allowed to be published. All artists, including writers, scriptwriters and cinema directors were forced to adapt the original stories with the demands of the Soviets. Danys was also asked to include the Soviet ideas to a movie script "Kruvina Puota" ("Blood Feast") that he wrote, although a writer refused to follow a demand of the Soviet censorship and he burned a script instead. This event inspired Danys to write the series of four novels connected by the same characters.
The Four Novel Series
The series is an analysis of a certain type of people who lived during the Interwar, World War II and Postwar periods. The series theme is a divide between rural people who supported different ideologies during the World War - Nazis, Soviets or Lithuanian Forest Brothers. The second theme is the agriculture reform called the collectivization of agriculture during which all private land was nationalised by the Soviet Union. The drama of the land nationalisation highlights Lithuanians as an agrarian society who were fighting for their own piece of land in this Earth. The novels show the impact of the Soviet and Nazi occupation on rural people's life, on identity and patriotism of Lithuanians which lasted longer than the occupation itself.
"Sutryptų Vilčių Aimana" is the first book in the series. The novel covers the events during the German occupation of Lithuania during the World War II including the Holocaust in Lithuania. The novel was originally written in 1970, published in 1998.
"Kruvina Puota" is the second book in the series. The novel was inspired by true facts and Lithuanian partisans which Danys got to know about during his work as a rural teacher. The novel shows a reality of a guerrilla warfare that was on between civilians and the Soviet occupants in 1944-1953. The core theme of the book is a divide between youth from the same village. The novel analyses complicated interpersonal relationships between partisans, the cruelty of the Soviet occupation and the perception of communism and Lithuanian patriotism of rural people. The novel was originally written in 1970-1975, published in 1997.
"Užkasti Akmenys" is the third book in the series. The novel talks about a cruel process of taking a land away from people and establishing kolkhozes and state farms in the Soviet Lithuania. The book name means a common behaviour between people whose land was taken away: they buried stones to mark where their private land ended to express a wish to get their land and freedom back. The novel was originally written in 1977, published in 2003.
"Skaudūs Praeities Sopuliai" is the last book in the series. The novel shows life several generations after the war. It talks about the lasting impact of painful experiences on those who lived during a war time. It also shows how past political events and supporting one ideology or the other impacted the destiny of children and grandchildren. The novel was originally written in 1984-1986, published in 2001.
Other Works
The novel "Saldaus Gyvenimo Klampynėse" is the first book written by Danys. The story is happening during the first years of the post-World War II when communism started to establish in Lithuania. The character of the book is a young charismatic man who discloses how employees of the factory were forced to steal from a workplace for survival. The core theme of the novel is an internal conflict and an attempt of young people to find a right choice for life in the new Soviet Lithuania. The novel was written in 1955, published in 2009.
The novel "Žemės Trauka" talks about conflicting worldviews between descendants from wealthy families. The core theme of the book is a connection with nature and a mother land. The novel was written in 1983-1987, published in 2004.
The novel "Rasoti Takai" talks about events during the Interwar period (1918–1938) when Lithuania was an independent country and when a land was respected and highly appreciated. The novel highlights the aspirations of people to find a meaning in life and to comprehend that after many years of oppression when the freedom is achieved people have to change their worldview and do it by themselves. The novel talks about interpersonal relationships between youth, love, selfish attempts to secure a material wealth through arranged marriage. The novel was published in 2006.
Awards
The novel "Kraujo Lašas Auskaruose" won a prize from "Lietuvos Šaulių Sąjunga" in 1993. The novel "Kelionė į Nebūtį" won the same prize from "Lietuvos Šaulių Sąjunga" in 1995.
The novel "Žemės Trauka" won fourth place in the competition run by the emigrants newspaper "Lietuvių Balsas" in 2001.
Legacy
In 2000, Danys built a cross "In the memory of Daniai family" in his native land at Trumpiškiai where it used to be a family house. In 2014, in the same location at Trumpiškiai, his grandson Žilvinas Danys has started to create a Lithuanian ethnographic architecture park with the traditional type of sculptures called "stogastulpis". The park is dedicated to a Danys and his brother doctor Jurgis Danys.
Bibliography
Danys, Alfonsas (1978). "Visiems Užteks": Satire. – Vilnius: Vaga."
— (1993)."Kruvinas Akordas": Detective Fiction. – Kaunas: Europa.
— (1993). "Kraujo Lašas Auskaruose": Detective Fiction Story. – Kaunas: Europa.
— (1994). "Nuodų Taurė": Detective Fiction Story. – Kaunas: Europa.
— (1995). "Kelionė į Nebūtį": Novel. – Vilnius: Žiburys.
— (1996). "Vaišės Prieš Mirtį": Detective Fiction Story. – Vilnius: Pradai.
— (1997). "Krypuojantis Vežimas": Satire. – Vilnius: Rotas.
— (1997). "Kruvina Puota": Novel. – Vilnius: Horizontas.
— (1998). "Sava Kišenė Ne Svetima": Satire Story. – Vilnius: Rotas.
— (1998). "Sutryptų Vilčių Aimana": Novel. – Vilnius: Horizontas.
— (1999). "Rūkytas Kumpis": Satire Novel. – Vilnius: Rotas.
— (1999). "Šūvių Aidai Gūdumoje": Detective Fiction Story. – Vilnius: Rotas.
— (2001). "Skaudūs Praeities Sopuliai": Novel. – Vilnius: Rotas.
— (2003). "Užkasti Akmenys": Novel. – Vilnius: Baltijos Spaudos ir Prekybos B-vės Sp.
— (2004). "Žemės Trauka": Novel. – Vilnius: Trys Žvaigždutės: Pasaulinės Lietuvių Vaikų Literatūros Asociacija "Lietuviška Vaikų Knyga".
— (2005). "Jupiteris Žemėje": Novel. – Vilnius: Trys Žvaigždutės.
— (2006). "Rasoti Takai": Novel. – Vilnius: Trys Žvaigždutės.
— (2009). "Saldaus Gyvenimo Klampynėse": Novel. – Vilnius: Petro Ofsetas.
— (2013). "Dvikovos Pinklėse": Novel. – Kaunas: Diremta.
— (2014). "Brydė Rytmetyje": Novel. – Kaunas: Diremta.
References
External links
Alfonsas Danys Electronic Library
Alfonsas Danys Wikipedia Page in Lithuanian
Jurgis Danys Wikipedia Page in Lithuanian
1924 births
2014 deaths
People from Rokiškis
Lithuanian male writers
Lithuanian novelists
Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-photorealistic%20rendering
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Non-photorealistic rendering
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Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) is an area of computer graphics that focuses on enabling a wide variety of expressive styles for digital art, in contrast to traditional computer graphics, which focuses on photorealism. NPR is inspired by other artistic modes such as painting, drawing, technical illustration, and animated cartoons. NPR has appeared in movies and video games in the form of cel-shaded animation (also known as "toon" shading) as well as in scientific visualization, architectural illustration and experimental animation.
History and criticism of the term
The term non-photorealistic rendering is believed to have been coined by the SIGGRAPH 1990 papers committee, who held a session entitled "Non Photo Realistic Rendering".
The term has received some criticism:
The term "photorealism" has different meanings for graphics researchers (see "photorealistic rendering") and artists. For artists—who are the target consumers of NPR techniques—it refers to a school of painting that focuses on reproducing the effect of a camera lens, with all the distortion and hyper-reflections that it creates. For graphics researchers, however, it refers to an image that is visually indistinguishable from reality. In fact, graphics researchers lump the kinds of visual distortions that are used by photorealist painters into "non-photorealism".
Describing something by what it is not is problematic. Equivalent (made-up) comparisons might be "non-elephant biology" or "non-geometric mathematics". NPR researchers have stated that they expect the term will disappear eventually and be replaced by the now more general term "computer graphics", with "photorealistic graphics" being the term used to describe "traditional" computer graphics.
Many techniques that are used to create 'non-photorealistic' images are not rendering techniques. They are modelling techniques, or post-processing techniques. While the latter are coming to be known as 'image-based rendering', sketch-based modelling techniques, cannot technically be included under this heading, which is very inconvenient for conference organisers.
The first conference on non-photorealistic animation and rendering included a discussion of possible alternative names. Among those suggested were "expressive graphics", "artistic rendering", "non-realistic graphics", "art-based rendering", and "psychographics". All of these terms have been used in various research papers on the topic, but the "non-photorealistic" term seems to have nonetheless taken hold.
The first technical meeting dedicated to NPR was the ACM-sponsored Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Rendering and Animation (NPAR) in 2000. NPAR is traditionally co-located with the Annecy Animated Film Festival, running on even numbered years. From 2007 onward, NPAR began to also run on odd-numbered years, co-located with ACM SIGGRAPH.
3D
Three-dimensional NPR is the style that is most commonly seen in video games and movies. The output from this technique is almost always a 3D model that has been modified from the original input model to portray a new artistic style. In many cases, the geometry of the model is identical to the original geometry, and only the material applied to the surface is modified. With increased availability of programmable GPU's, shaders have allowed NPR effects to be applied to the rasterised image that is to be displayed to the screen. The majority of NPR techniques applied to 3D geometry are intended to make the scene appear two-dimensional.
NPR techniques for 3D images include cel shading and Gooch shading.
For enhanced legibility, the most useful technical illustrations for technical communication are not necessarily photorealistic. Non-photorealistic renderings, such as exploded view diagrams, greatly assist in showing placement of parts in a complex system.
2D
The input to a two dimensional NPR system is typically an image or video. The output is a typically an artistic rendering of that input imagery (for example in a watercolor, painterly or sketched style) although some 2D NPR serves non-artistic purposes e.g. data visualization.
The artistic rendering of images and video (often referred to as image stylization) traditionally focused upon heuristic algorithms that seek to simulate the placement of brush strokes on a digital canvas.
Arguably, the earliest example of 2D NPR is Paul Haeberli's 'Paint by Numbers' at SIGGRAPH 1990. This (and similar interactive techniques) provide the user with a canvas that they can "paint" on using the cursor — as the user paints, a stylized version of the image is revealed on the canvas. This is especially useful for people who want to simulate different sizes of brush strokes according to different areas of the image.
Subsequently, basic image processing operations using gradient operators or statistical moments were used to automate this process and minimize user interaction in the late nineties (although artistic control remains with the user via setting parameters of the algorithms). This automation enabled practical application of 2D NPR to video, for the first time in the living paintings of the movie What Dreams May Come (1998).
More sophisticated image abstractions techniques were developed in the early 2000s harnessing computer vision operators e.g. image salience, or segmentation operators to drive stroke placement. Around this time, machine learning began to influence image stylization algorithms notably image analogy that could learn to mimic the style of an existing artwork.
The advent of deep learning has re-kindled activity in image stylization, notably with neural style transfer (NST) algorithms that can mimic a wide gamut of artistic styles from single visual examples. These algorithms underpin mobile apps capable of the same e.g. Prisma
In addition to the above stylization methods, a related class of techniques in 2D NPR address the simulation of artistic media. These methods include simulating the diffusion of ink through different kinds of paper, and also of pigments through water for simulation of watercolor.
Artistic rendering
Artistic rendering is the application of visual art styles to rendering. For photorealistic rendering styles, the emphasis is on accurate reproduction of light-and-shadow and the surface properties of the depicted objects, composition, or other more generic qualities. When the emphasis is on unique interpretive rendering styles, visual information is interpreted by the artist and displayed accordingly using the chosen art medium and level of abstraction in abstract art. In computer graphics, interpretive rendering styles are known as non-photorealistic rendering styles, but may be used to simplify technical illustrations. Rendering styles that combine photorealism with non-photorealism are known as hyperrealistic rendering styles.
Notable films and games
This section lists some seminal uses of NPR techniques in films, games and software. See cel-shaded animation for a list of uses of toon-shading in games and movies.
References
Further reading
Some key papers in the development of NPR are:
"Paint by Numbers: Abstract Image Representations", by Paul Haeberli, SIGGRAPH 90
"Comprehensible rendering of 3-D shapes", by Saito and Takahashi, SIGGRAPH 90
"Wet and Sticky: A Novel Model for Computer-Based Painting", by Tunde Cockshott, PhD Thesis, Glasgow University, 1991
"Computer-Generated Pen-and-Ink Illustration", by Winkenbach and Salesin, SIGGRAPH 94
"Interactive Pen-and-Ink Illustration", by Salisbury, Anderson, Barzel, Salesin, SIGGRAPH 94
"Painterly Rendering for Animation", by Barb Meier, SIGGRAPH 96
"A Non-Photorealistic Lighting Model For Automatic Technical Illustration", by Amy Gooch, Bruce Gooch, Peter Shirley, Elaine Cohen, SIGGRAPH 98
External links
Tunde Cockshott's Wet and Sticky revisited
Stylized Depiction in Computer Graphics: An annotated survey of online NPR resources
NPAR conference
Blender NPR: Dedicated to Stylize and Non-Photorealistic Rendering
Online image based NPR system
3D rendering
Computer graphics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Mackall
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Steve Mackall
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Stephen James "Steve" Mackall (born December 9, 1959) is a Canadian-American voice actor, voice-over announcer, comedian, director, screenwriter and songwriter. He was known as the voice of NBC's Must See TV", and performed voice of the lead character of Marsupilami in both the Disney animated television series Raw Toonage (1992) and Marsupilami (1993).
Background
Mackall graduated from Padua Franciscan High School and Ohio University. After having won a trip to Los Angeles as first prize in a 1986 HBO comedy contest in Washington D.C., he decided to leave Washington and live in Los Angeles, working as a copywriter while pursuing his comedy career. He began doing voice-over work in commercials in 1989. Representative samples of his commercial work include being the voice of the cereal box for General Mills' 1993 Fingos promotion campaign, and products and companies including CompUSA and Froot Loops, as well as being voice-over announcer for NBC, The WB, and Fox Kids Network.
He is also recognized as the voice of 'Hyperman' in the Adventures of Hyperman CD Rom Game released in 1995 which was followed by the Hyperion Animation/CBS Television Series, The Adventures of Hyperman, that aired from November 4, 1995 to August 10, 1996.
Filmography
Television voice
Raw Toonage (12 episodes, 1992) as Marsupilami
The Pink Panther (2 episodes, 1993)
Marsupilami (13 episodes, 1993) as Marsupilami
Duckman: Private Dick/Family Man (1 episode, 1994)
The Shnookums and Meat Funny Cartoon Show (1 episode, 1995) as Husband
The Adventures of Hyperman (1995) as Hyperman
Quack Pack (1 episode, 1996)
Mighty Ducks (26 episodes, 1996-1997) as Nosedive Flashblade
Timon & Pumbaa (4 episodes, 1995-1999) as Happy Dog
Digimon: Digital Monsters (1 episode, 2001) as Fox Kids' Digimon Announcer
Totally Spies! (1 episode, 2001) as Macker, the Safecracker
Mon Colle Knights " (2001) a Fox Kids' Mon Colle Knights Announcer
Film voice
All Dogs Go to Heaven 2 (1996) as Short Customs Dog
Mighty Ducks the Movie: The First Face-Off (1997) as Nosedive
Annabelle's Wish (1997) as Owliver
The Secret of NIMH 2: Timmy to the Rescue (1998) as Dr. Valentine
Dead Man on Campus (1998) as TV Show Host (live acting)
Disaster! (2006) as V.D. Johnson / Astronomer
Screenwriter
Avenging Angelo (2002)
Stealing Cars (2015)
Theater
Wherever I Go, There we Are
The LAF Supper
Recognition
Los Angeles Times writes that "Mackall is one of a small group of Hollywood artists who have achieved a faceless fame..." "probably best known as the voice of NBC's Must See TV", and Cleveland Plain Dealer wrote that he was "valued as an artist who can improvise voices for anything from animals to inanimate objects."
Of Mackall's one man show, Wherever I Go, There we Are. LA Weekly wrote that his "wealth of experience as a voiceover artist and comedy scribe manifests itself in his artfully layered, near flawlessly timed and often funny solo act." They noted that his personal enthusiasm connected with the audience in a manner that reminded of Will Rogers. In their review, Backstage West wrote that when recounting the nine stories which made up his performance, "Mackall is a strong performer" whose "speaking ability commands the attention and carries the audience through captivating and well-detailed portraits of near-otherworldly scapes."
References
External links
1959 births
Living people
Canadian male voice actors
Male actors from Toronto
Male actors from Los Angeles
American male voice actors
20th-century American male actors
20th-century Canadian male actors
21st-century American male actors
21st-century Canadian male actors
American male video game actors
Canadian male video game actors
American male stage actors
Canadian male stage actors
American casting directors
Canadian casting directors
Canadian expatriate male actors in the United States
American voice directors
Canadian voice directors
American television writers
Canadian television writers
American male television writers
Writers from Toronto
American impressionists (entertainers)
Canadian impressionists (entertainers)
Walt Disney Animation Studios people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976%20Boston%20Red%20Sox%20season
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1976 Boston Red Sox season
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The 1976 Boston Red Sox season was the 76th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished third in the American League East with a record of 83 wins and 79 losses, games behind the New York Yankees, who went on to win the AL championship.
Offseason
November 17, 1975: Juan Beniquez and Steve Barr were traded by the Red Sox to the Texas Rangers for pitcher Ferguson Jenkins.
December 12, 1975: Roger Moret was traded by the Red Sox to the Atlanta Braves for Tom House.
February 15, 1976: Gene Michael was signed as a free agent by the Red Sox.
March 3, 1976: Dick Drago was traded by the Red Sox to the California Angels for John Balaz, Dick Sharon, and Dave Machemer.
Regular season
Highlights
The Red Sox did not come close to repeating the previous year's success. An off-season contract dispute with Fred Lynn was a distraction. In early May, a brawl with the New York Yankees led to a shoulder injury for Bill Lee, one of their best pitchers and a 17-game winner in 1975; Lee would be out until mid-1977, and his loss was keenly felt.
On June 15, Oakland Athletics owner Charlie Finley attempted to sell left fielder Joe Rudi and relief pitcher Rollie Fingers to the Red Sox for $1 million each, and starting pitcher Vida Blue to the New York Yankees for $1.5 million. Three days later, Commissioner of Baseball Bowie Kuhn voided the transactions, citing "the best interests of baseball."
The Red Sox' beloved owner, Tom Yawkey, died of leukemia in July. Manager Darrell Johnson was fired shortly thereafter, and replaced by coach Don Zimmer. Overall, it was a disappointing season for a talented but underachieving team.
Season standings
Record vs. opponents
Notable transactions
April 7, 1976: Diego Seguí was released by the Red Sox.
May 4, 1976: Gene Michael was released by the Red Sox.
June 3, 1976: Bernie Carbo was traded by the Red Sox to the Milwaukee Brewers for Bobby Darwin and Tom Murphy.
June 8, 1976: Wade Boggs was drafted by the Red Sox in the 7th round of the 1976 Major League Baseball Draft. Player signed June 10, 1976.
Opening Day lineup
Source:
Roster
Statistical leaders
Source:
Batting
Source:
Pitching
Source:
Awards and honors
Dwight Evans – Gold Glove Award (OF)
Luis Tiant – AL Player of the Month (August)
All-Star Game
Carlton Fisk, reserve C
Fred Lynn, starting CF
Luis Tiant, reserve P
Carl Yastrzemski, reserve OF
Farm system
The Pawtucket Red Sox were known as the Rhode Island Red Sox during the 1976 season.
LEAGUE CHAMPIONS: Winston-Salem, Elmira
Source:
References
External links
1976 Boston Red Sox team page at Baseball Reference
1976 Boston Red Sox season at baseball-almanac.com
Boston Red Sox seasons
Boston Red Sox
Boston Red Sox
Red Sox
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeiller
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Zeiller
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Zeiller is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Charles René Zeiller (1847–1915), French mining engineer and paleobotanist
Johann Jakob Zeiller (1708–1783), Austrian painter
Paul Zeiller (1658–1738), Austrian painter
See also
Zeiler
Zeller (surname)
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40834953
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20African%20Championships%20in%20Athletics%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%205000%20metres
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2002 African Championships in Athletics – Women's 5000 metres
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The women's 5000 metres event at the 2002 African Championships in Athletics was held in Radès, Tunisia on August 6.
Results
References
2002 African Championships in Athletics
5000 metres at the African Championships in Athletics
2002 in women's athletics
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44768254
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibson%20Lake%20%28Monestime%20Township%29
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Gibson Lake (Monestime Township)
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Gibson Lake is a lake mostly in geographic Monestime Township and partly in geographic Olynik Township in Algoma District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Great Lakes Basin and lies about east of the northern terminus of Ontario Highway 810.
The primary outflow is an unnamed creek at the southwest which eventually flows to the Aux Sables River, which in turn flows via the Spanish River to Lake Huron.
See also
List of lakes in Ontario
References
Other map sources:
Lakes of Algoma District
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29038294
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti%20marxiste%E2%80%93l%C3%A9niniste%20du%20Qu%C3%A9bec%20candidates%20in%20the%202008%20Quebec%20provincial%20election
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Parti marxiste–léniniste du Québec candidates in the 2008 Quebec provincial election
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The Parti marxiste–léniniste du Québec fielded twenty-three candidates in the 2008 provincial election, none of whom were elected. Information about these candidates may be found on this page.
Candidates
Chapleau: Pierre Soublière
Pierre Soublière, a teacher, has been a Marxist-Leninist party candidate in four federal and four provincial elections. He has also contributed articles to the party's paper, TML Daily. He is a member of NOWAR-PAIX; during the 2008 election, he called for an anti-war government and for people from the workplace to be elected to parliament.
Châteauguay: Hélène Héroux
Hélène Héroux has been a Marxist-Leninist candidate in six federal and six provincial elections. In 2006, she identified as a cashier.
Hull: Gabriel Girard-Bernier
Gabriel Girard-Bernier is a political activist in the Outaouais region. He was the student association president at Cégep de l'Outaouais and has been active in the Canadian anti-war movement. A 2006 article listed him as a twenty-two-year-old journalism student. He has been a Marxist-Leninist candidate in three federal elections and three provincial elections and has written for TML Daily, the party's paper. In 2008, Girard-Bernier wrote a piece condemning the New Democratic Party's support for "asymmetrical federalism" and supporting Quebec's right to self-determination up to and including the right of succession.
Notre-Dame-de-Grâce: Linda Sullivan
Linda Sullivan has run as a Marxist-Leninist candidate in three federal and three provincial elections. She identified as a student in 2006 and as an events coordinator in 2008.
References
Candidates in Quebec provincial elections
Quebec 2008
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13524704
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takuya%20Tsukahara
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Takuya Tsukahara
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is a Japanese photographer.
References
External links
Japanese photographers
1937 births
Living people
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54532325
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canton%20of%20Ch%C3%A2teau-Chinon
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Canton of Château-Chinon
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The canton of Château-Chinon (before 2015: Canton of Château-Chinon (Ville)) is an administrative division of the Nièvre department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Château-Chinon (Ville).
It consists of the following communes:
Achun
Alligny-en-Morvan
Alluy
Arleuf
Aunay-en-Bazois
Biches
Blismes
Brinay
Château-Chinon (Campagne)
Château-Chinon (Ville)
Châtillon-en-Bazois
Châtin
Chaumard
Chougny
Corancy
Dommartin
Dun-sur-Grandry
Fâchin
Gien-sur-Cure
Glux-en-Glenne
Gouloux
Lavault-de-Frétoy
Limanton
Mont-et-Marré
Montapas
Montigny-en-Morvan
Montreuillon
Montsauche-les-Settons
Moux-en-Morvan
Onlay
Ougny
Ouroux-en-Morvan
Planchez
Saint-Agnan
Saint-Brisson
Saint-Hilaire-en-Morvan
Saint-Léger-de-Fougeret
Saint-Péreuse
Tamnay-en-Bazois
Tintury
References
Cantons of Nièvre
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18004143
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilerhorn%20%28Bernese%20Alps%29
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Wilerhorn (Bernese Alps)
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The Wilerhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Wiler and in the canton of Valais. It lies west of the Bietschhorn, on the range separating the Lötschental from the main Rhone valley. It should not be confused with the Wilerhorn that is in the canton of Bern but the Emmental Alps.
References
External links
Wilerhorn on Hikr
Mountains of the Alps
Alpine three-thousanders
Mountains of Switzerland
Mountains of Valais
Bernese Alps
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26886259
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterio%20de%20San%20Jer%C3%B3nimo%2C%20Granada
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Monasterio de San Jerónimo, Granada
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The Royal Monastery of St. Jerome () is a Roman Catholic Hieronymite monastery in Granada, Spain. Architecturally, it is in the Renaissance style. The church, famous for its architecture, was the first in the world consecrated to the Immaculate Conception of Mary.
History
The monastery was founded by the Catholic Monarchs Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon in Santa Fe outside the city of Granada, during the siege of the latter city, the last stage of the Reconquista. The construction of the current buildings in Granada properly began in 1504, and the monastery relocated at that time. The principal architect and sculptor was Diego de Siloé; others involved as architects or sculptors included Jacopo Torni (from Florence), Juan de Aragón, Juan Bautista Vázquez the Younger (Vázquez el Mozo), Pedro de Orea, and Pablo de Rojas, the last three associated with the Granadan school of sculpture.
The Hieronymites are an Augustinian order. The monastery church follows the usual plan for churches of this order, a Latin Cross with an elevated choir at the foot and the altar behind a wide staircase. The mannerist altarpiece of the main chapel is considered the point of departure of Andalusian sculpture as such; it is mainly the work of Pablo de Rojas. The richly decorated Renaissance interior features coffering, scalloping and sculptures, and is a late work of Renaissance humanism. The iconographic program highlights the military and the heroic grandeur of the Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, known as the Gran Capitán ("Great Captain"), who is buried in the crossing with his wife, Doña Maria de Manrique.
As of 1513, the church was under construction under the leadership of Jacopo Torni 1513. Upon his death in 1526, the task devolved to Diego de Siloé. The main chapel was completed in 1522 and the bodies of the Great Captain and his wife were moved from the Casa Grande of the Convent of Saint Francis.
Although occupied again today by the same order of monks as at the time of its founding, the monastery has undergone many vicissitudes, including invasion by the French in the Napoleonic era during the Peninsular War. The Hieronymites were expelled and the monastery eventually became a near-ruin. The State undertook a restoration of the building in 1916–1920, hiring the architect Fernando Wihelmi for the job. The slender tower of the church had been demolished by the French, who used its stones to build the bridge known as the Puente Verde, which crosses the River Genil, linking the Paseo de la Bomba to the Avenida de Cervantes. Only in the 1980s was the tower re-erected; the project was completed in 1989.
Architecture
The monastery has two cloisters, each built around a garden. The older of the two has more genuinely Renaissance decoration: seven arcosolia in the style of chapels, richly adorned in classical style, configure a funerary space that was originally intended to receive the Great Captain's remains into the monastery. The second cloister, now the enclosure of the monastery's community of monks, was the residence of the Empress Isabella of Portugal on her wedding voyage after her marriage to Charles I of Spain (Holy Roman Emperor Charles V).
The gateway that separates the grounds of the monastery from the Calle Rector López Argueta is, indeed, original to the monastery, but had disappeared in the 19th century and was only returned to its position in the 1960s after being found abandoned in a courtyard of in the Vega de Granada. The sculpture of the Virgin of Sorrows on the gate is not original.
From the beginning of 2004 until March 2005, the main altarpiece underwent restoration work under the aegis of the Ministry of Culture; during this time, the altarpiece was covered by a giant blow-up photo of itself.
See also
San Juan de Dios Hospital (Granada)
History of early modern period domes
Buildings and structures in Granada
Roman Catholic churches in Granada
Renaissance architecture in Granada
Monasteries in Andalusia
Hieronymite monasteries
Christian monasteries established in the 16th century
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5004337
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Buck
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Frank Buck
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Frank Buck is the name of:
Frank Buck (politician) (born 1943), Democratic party state legislator in Tennessee
Frank Buck (animal collector) (1884–1950), American hunter and filmmaker
Frank E. Buck (1884-1970), Canadian horticulturalist.
Frank H. Buck (1887–1942), Democratic party U.S. Representative from California 1933–1942
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46754164
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Ida%20%28Douglas%20County%2C%20Minnesota%29
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Lake Ida (Douglas County, Minnesota)
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Lake Ida is a lake in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.
Lake Ida was named for a friend of a pioneer settler.
See also
List of lakes in Minnesota
References
Lakes of Minnesota
Lakes of Douglas County, Minnesota
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9281420
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackson%27s
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Jackson's
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Jackson's or Jacksons may refer to:
Jackson's House, student-body subdivision at Canadian secondary school Upper Canada College
Jackson's (restaurant), in Perth, Western Australia
Jacksons Stores, a British convenience store chain
William Jackson Food Group, a food manufacturer in the United Kingdom
Jacksons (department store), a department store chain in the United Kingdom
Jacksons Corner, a prominent landmark in Reading, Berkshire, England
Jacksons, British Columbia, a settlement in British Columbia, Canada
Jacksons, New Zealand, a settlement in New Zealand
See also
Jackson (disambiguation)
The Jacksons (disambiguation)
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18766121
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otterburne
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Otterburne
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Otterburne is a small settlement in the Rural Municipality of De Salaberry, Manitoba, located about 50 kilometers south of Winnipeg. It is named after Otterburn, Northumberland in England, and is the location of Providence University College and Theological Seminary.
On 30 July 2005, a wind storm reaching speeds of over 150 km/h ripped through the Otterburne area, destroying trees, damaging buildings, and picking up irrigation wheels which weighed over 15 tonnes. Eyewitnesses reported that they had seen a tornado.
References
External links
ePodunk file
Reference by the Providence College and Theological Seminary
Localities in Manitoba
Unincorporated communities in Eastman Region, Manitoba
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12242156
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yank%20Robinson
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Yank Robinson
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William H. "Yank" Robinson (September 19, 1859 – August 25, 1894) was an American professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1884 to 1892 for the Detroit Wolverines, Baltimore Monumentals, St. Louis Browns, Pittsburgh Burghers, Cincinnati Kelly's Killers, and Washington Senators.
Robinson was a starter for St. Louis Browns teams that won four consecutive American Association pennants and the 1886 World Series. While playing for the Browns, he set the major league record with 116 walks in 1888 and broke his own record with 118 walks in 1889. During his peak years from 1887 to 1890, Robinson drew 472 free passes (427 walks and 45 times hit by pitch) and 400 hits in 2,115 plate appearances, giving him a "free pass" percentage of .223 and an on-base percentage of .412. His Offensive WAR ratings of 3.8, 3.7 and 3.6 ranked sixth in the American Association in 1886 and 1887 and eighth in 1888.
Early years
Robinson was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1859. He came from a poor background, left home at a young age and moved to Boston where he played sandlot baseball.
Professional baseball
Detroit and Baltimore
In August 1882, Robinson was playing minor league baseball in Natick, Massachusetts, when he was given a try-out with the Detroit Wolverines who were in the midst of a six-game losing streak against Providence and Boston. Robinson made his major league debut on August 24, 1882, in the Wolverines' final game at Boston. He remained with the team for the remainder of the 1882 season, appearing in 10 games at shortstop, one as an outfielder and one as a pitcher.
After his short stint with Detroit in 1882, Robinson spent the 1883 season in the minor leagues playing for the East Saginaw Grays in the Northwestern League. He played shortstop and compiled a .215 batting average for East Saginaw.
In 1884, Robinson returned to a major league with the Baltimore Monumentals of the Union Association. He played 71 games at third base for the Monumentals, but also demonstrated versatility by playing 14 games at shortstop, 11 games at catcher, and 11 games as a pitcher. He compiled a .267 batting average, led the league with 37 walks, and ranked fourth in the league with 101 runs scored. As a pitcher, he compiled a 3-3 record with a 3.48 earned run average (ERA), pitched three complete games, and led the Union Association with eight games finished as a relief pitcher. The St. Louis Post-Dispatch called Robinson "the best all-around player in the Union Association."
St. Louis Browns
1885 season
In December 1884, after the Baltimore Monumentals disbanded, Robinson had offers from multiple teams but signed with the St. Louis Browns, the team that later became the St. Louis Cardinals, for $2,100. The Browns had finished in fourth place in 1884, and Robinson was one of the final additions to a team that went on to win four consecutive American Association pennants under player-manager Charles Comiskey from 1885 to 1888.
During the 1885 season, Comiskey made use of Robinson's versatility, positioning him in the outfield for 52 games, second base for 19 games, catcher for five games, third base for two games, and even one game at first base. He also scored five runs in the 1885 World Series.
1886 and 1887: peak seasons
In 1886, Robinson became the Browns' starting second baseman, a position he held for the next four years. Robinson had a good year at the plate in 1886, batting .274 with 71 RBIs. He ranked second in the league in times hit by pitch (15), fourth in stolen bases (51), fifth in bases on balls (64), seventh in times on base (211), eighth in on-base percentage (.377) and ninth in doubles (26). Applying the modern measure of Wins Above Replacement (WAR), Robinson had the best season of his career in 1886 with an Offensive WAR of 3.8, sixth best in the American Association. Robinson also played a key role in helping the Browns win the 1886 World Series with a post-season batting average of .316, three RBIs and five runs.
During the 1887 season, Robinson compiled career highs with 75 stolen bases, a .305 batting average, a .445 on-base percentage, 74 RBIs, 32 doubles and 17 times hit by pitch. His Offensive WAR rating of 3.7 is the sixth highest in the American Association for 1887. He also posted a .326 batting average in the 1887 World Series.
1888 and 1889: master of the free pass
Prior to 1880, nine balls (pitches outside the strike zone) were required for a batsman to draw a walk, and the major league record was 29 walks in a season. The number of balls required to draw a walk was progressively reduced to eight balls in 1880, six in 1884, five in 1887, and, finally, four in 1889.
Robinson was one of the first players to exploit fully the new rules governing bases on balls. In 1887, his 92 walks and 17 times hit by pitch elevated his on-base percentage to .445. Then, in 1888 and 1889, Robinson became the master of the free pass. He set a new major league record in 1888 with 116 walks and broke his own record with 118 walks the following year. Robinson actually tallied more walks (234) than hits (199) during the 1888 and 1889 seasons. His combined batting average in 1888 and 1889 was an anemic .219, but his 234 walks (and willingness to be hit by a pitch, a category in which he was a league leader five times) turned him into a potent offensive weapon with a .389 on-base percentage over the two seasons combined. His .400 on-base percentage in 1888 was the highest in the American Association.
On strike in 1889
On May 2, 1889, Robinson began a strike that was the talk of baseball for a few days. Shortly before a game, team manager Charles Comiskey told Robinson to get a pair of padded playing trousers, as the trousers he was wearing were too small for him. Robinson sent a boy to retrieve the padded trousers from his room across the street from the ball park. Robinson gave the boy a note of explanation to show the gate keeper upon his return. When the boy returned, the gate keeper adamantly refused to admit the boy, saying he had strict instructions from the owner Chris von der Ahe not to admit anybody without a ticket. On learning what had happened, Robinson called the gate keeper and angrily berated him. The gate keeper was reduced to tears and complained to von der Ahe.
The owner confronted Robinson and gave him a tongue-lashing in front of teammates and spectators seated in the grandstand. Robinson responded in kind, and von der Ahe imposed a $25 fine against Robinson. Robinson apologized for his angry outburst to the gate keeper, but asserted that the fine was unjust and refused to travel to Kansas City with the team unless the fine was removed. Initially, Robinson's teammates supported him and refused to board the train as well, but under threat of being fined themselves the other players took a later train. Robinson refused to return to the team until the fine was remitted, and von der Ahe announced that he would increase the fine by $25 for each day that Robinson failed to report.
After a few games without Robinson, von der Ahe announced that a deal had been worked out between Comiskey and Robinson. Von der Ahe conceded that he "acted hastily" in berating Robinson on the bench. An adjustment was reached on the amount of the fine, and Robinson agreed to return to work. However, ill feeling between Robinson and von der Ahe persisted and contributed to Robinson's decision to move to the Players' League in 1890.
Players' League
When Robinson jumped to the Players' League in 1890, playing for the Pittsburgh Burghers, the gap between Robinson's batting average and on-base percentage grew to a remarkable 205 points. During that season, Robinson had 70 hits for a .229 batting average, but his 101 bases on balls elevated his on-base percentage to .434, fourth highest in the Players' League.
Over the four years from 1887 to 1890, Robinson drew 472 free passes (427 walks and 45 times hit by a pitch) and only 400 hits in 2,115 plate appearances, giving him a "free pass" percentage of .223 and an on-base percentage of .412. Applying the modern measure of wins above replacement (WAR), Robinson's propensity to draw free passes made him one of the most valuable players in baseball during his peak years. His Offensive WAR ratings of 3.8, 3.7 and 3.6 ranked sixth in the American Association in 1886 and 1887 and eighth in 1888.
Cincinnati and Washington
In April 1891, Robinson signed to play second base for the Cincinnati Kelly's Killers. By that time, Robinson had developed a reputation as a drinker, and the Sporting Life reported on the signing as follows: "Robby is a brilliant player, and if he will refrain from his bibulous habits he will be a great help to the club." Robinson compiled a .178 batting average in 97 games for Cincinnati, but his talent for drawing walks, totaling 68 in 1891, gave him a respectable .328 on-base percentage. The Kelly's Killers disbanded in August 1891, and Robinson returned to the Browns for a single game late in the season.
Robinson concluded his major league playing career with Washington Senators in 1892. He appeared in 58 games at third base for Washington and compiled a .179 batting average. According to one source, Robinson's "skills and health had slipped badly" by the 1892 season. Robinson appeared in his last major league game on August 10, 1892.
Defensive woes
While Robinson played at every position other than center field, and even pitched a few games, he spent most of his career as an infielder, playing 698 games as a second baseman, 143 as a third baseman, and 66 as a shortstop. For an infielder who posted batting averages as low as .177 in 1891, .179 in both 1882 and 1892, and .208 in 1889, the historical expectation would be the classic "good field, no hit" infielder.
At least two modern accounts support the notion that Robinson was a good fielder. In his 1999 book on the early St. Louis Browns, J. Thomas Hetrick stated: Performing gloveless at second base, Robinson was known for his range, accurate throwing arm, and double-play acrobatics. Ambidextrous, Robinson sometimes startled the opposition with lefthanded throws across his chest to nail base runners heading to third.
Similarly, baseball historian Robert L. Tiemann acknowledged that Robinson's refusal to wear a glove rendered him "less than outstanding on ground balls", but praised him for his "good range" and "accurate throws" and concluded that, overall, Robinson "excelled at second base because of his agility and quickness."
While Robinson did rank second among the American Association's second basemen with 66 double plays turned in 1886, the historical record does not support the claim that he was an excellent, or even average, fielder. To the contrary, he never ranked higher than fifth in range factor, assists or putouts among the second basemen in the eight-team American Association. Moreover, he compiled a career fielding percentage of .897 and consistently ranked at or near the bottom of the American Association's second basemen in fielding percentage. He committed 103 errors in 1886, including a league-leading 95 errors at second base, and ranked among the league leaders in errors by a second baseman every year from 1886 to 1891. Perhaps most tellingly, and even though he played only nine major league seasons at second base, his 471 career errors at the position continue to rank 11th all time in major league history.
Although every player has an off day, Robinson reached an all-time low in fielding on May 26, 1891, when, while playing for the Cincinnati Kelly's Killers, he had seven fielding chances and committed seven errors.
Death
In April 1893, less than eight months after Robinson played in his last major league game, the Sporting Life newspaper reported that a private telegram said that Robinson was dying of consumption (pulmonary tuberculosis) and had been "reduced to a mere skeleton, weighing in the neighborhood of ninety pounds." He had reportedly signed a contract to play for Louisville in 1893, but traveled instead to Hot Springs, Arkansas, to receive treatment for his illness.
Two weeks later, Sporting Life published a retraction of its account and noted: "The story that second baseman Yank Robinson is dying with consumption is untrue. Yank is at Hot Springs and is in good health. The tale was probably designed as a big free advertisement for Yank, and in that particular was successful. It probably however lost him a chance of an engagement by Louisville."
The following year, in August 1894, Robinson died from tuberculosis at the St. Louis home of friend Patsy Tebeau. He was 34 years old and left $770 to be divided between Tebeau and a brother in Cleveland. He was buried at the Calvary Cemetery in St. Louis.
References
1859 births
1894 deaths
19th-century baseball players
Major League Baseball second basemen
Baltimore Monumentals players
Cincinnati Kelly's Killers players
Detroit Wolverines players
Pittsburgh Burghers players
St. Louis Browns (AA) players
Washington Senators (1891–1899) players
East Saginaw Grays players
Baseball players from Philadelphia
19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
Tuberculosis deaths in Missouri
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15752129
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Parnell%20%28sport%20shooter%29
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Edward Parnell (sport shooter)
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Edward Louis Parnell (21 June 1875 – 2 February 1941) was a British sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.
Early life
Parnell was born at Bovey Tracey, in the County of Devon, in England.
Olympian
In 1912 he won the silver medal with the British team in the team military rifle competition. In the 600 metre free rifle event he finished 18th, and in the 300 metre military rifle, three positions he finished 56th.
Military career
Pre-1908 Parnell was a commissioned officer in the British Army's 2nd (South) Middlesex Volunteer Reserve Corps, a unit with a high reputation for rifle sports marksmanship in British Army military circles. Post-1908 he served with the 13th County of London Regiment ("The Kensingtons"), Territorial Force.
Parnell was mobilised on 4 August 1914 on the outbreak of World War I, and went out to the Western Front as a Captain with the 1st Kensingtons on 4 November 1914.
In October 1917 his only child, Leslie Parnell, was killed during the Battle of Passchendaele as a subaltern with the 2nd Battalion of the 4th East Lancashire Regiment (on attachment from his father's corps) aged 20.
Parnell was demobilised at the war's end in 1918 with the rank of Major.
Death
He died on 2 February 1941 in Totnes in the county of Devon aged 65. His grave is located at St. Mary's Church, Long Ditton, in the county of Surrey, England.
References
External links
Profile at DatabaseOlympics.com
1875 births
1941 deaths
British male sport shooters
ISSF rifle shooters
Olympic shooters of Great Britain
Shooters at the 1912 Summer Olympics
Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain
Olympic medalists in shooting
Medalists at the 1912 Summer Olympics
People from Teignbridge (district)
British Army personnel of World War I
London Regiment officers
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15139166
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheaton%20Township%2C%20Barry%20County%2C%20Missouri
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Wheaton Township, Barry County, Missouri
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Wheaton Township is one of twenty-five townships in Barry County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,138.
Geography
Wheaton Township covers an area of and contains one incorporated settlement, Wheaton.
The streams of Joyce Creek, Pogue Creek and Woodward Creek run through this township.
References
USGS Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
External links
US-Counties.com
City-Data.com
Townships in Barry County, Missouri
Townships in Missouri
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3920347
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newport%20Borough%20Police
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Newport Borough Police
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In the United Kingdom, Newport Borough Police could refer to one of either
the Newport Borough Police (Monmouthshire) a force covering the borough of Newport in Monmouthshire
the Newport Borough Police (Isle of Wight), a force covering the borough of Newport on the Isle of Wight, Hampshire
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1168010
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life%20of%20Jesus%20in%20the%20New%20Testament
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Life of Jesus in the New Testament
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The life of Jesus in the New Testament is primarily outlined in the four canonical gospels, which includes his genealogy and nativity, public ministry, passion, prophecy, resurrection and ascension. Other parts of the New Testament – such as the Pauline epistles which were likely written within 20 to 30 years of each other, and which include references to key episodes in Jesus' life, such as the Last Supper, and the Acts of the Apostles, (1:1–11) which includes more references to the Ascension episode than the canonical gospels - also expound upon the life of Jesus. In addition to these biblical texts, there are extra-biblical texts that Christians believe make reference to certain events in the life of Jesus, such as Josephus on Jesus and Tacitus on Christ.
In the gospels, the ministry of Jesus starts with his Baptism by John the Baptist. Jesus came to the Jordan River where he was baptized by John the Baptist, after which he fasted for forty days and nights in the Judaean Desert. This early period also includes the first miracle of Jesus in the Marriage at Cana.
The principle locations for the ministry of Jesus were Galilee and Judea, with some activities also taking place in nearby areas such as Perea and Samaria. Jesus' activities in Galilee include a number of miracles and teachings.
Genealogy and Nativity
The genealogy and Nativity of Jesus are described in two of the four canonical gospels: the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke. While Luke traces the genealogy upwards towards Adam and God, Matthew traces it downwards towards Jesus. Both gospels state that Jesus was begotten not by Joseph, but conceived miraculously in the womb of Mary, mother of Jesus by the Holy Spirit. Both accounts trace Joseph back to King David and from there to Abraham. These lists are identical between Abraham and David (except for one), but they differ almost completely between David and Joseph. Matthew gives Jacob as Joseph's father and Luke says Joseph was the son of Heli. Attempts at explaining the differences between the genealogies have varied in nature. Much of modern scholarship interprets them as literary inventions.
The Luke and Matthew accounts of the birth of Jesus have a number of points in common; both have Jesus being born in Bethlehem, in Judea, to a virgin mother. In the Luke account Joseph and Mary travel from their home in Nazareth for the census to Bethlehem, where Jesus is born and laid in a manger. Angels proclaim him a savior for all people, and shepherds come to adore him; the family then returns to Nazareth. In Matthew, The Magi follow a star to Bethlehem, where the family are living, to bring gifts to Jesus, born the King of the Jews. King Herod massacres all males under two years old in Bethlehem in order to kill Jesus, but Jesus's family flees to Egypt and later settles in Nazareth. Over the centuries, biblical scholars have attempted to reconcile these contradictions, while modern scholarship mostly views them as legendary. Generally, they consider the issue of historicity as secondary, given that gospels were primarily written as theological documents rather than chronological timelines.
Ministry
The five major milestones in the New Testament narrative of the life of Jesus are his Baptism, Transfiguration, Crucifixion, Resurrection and Ascension.
In the gospels, the ministry of Jesus starts with his Baptism by John the Baptist, when he is about thirty years old. Jesus then begins preaching in Galilee and gathers disciples. After the proclamation of Jesus as Christ, three of the disciples witness his Transfiguration. After the death of John the Baptist and the Transfiguration, Jesus starts his final journey to Jerusalem, having predicted his own death there. Jesus makes a triumphal entry into Jerusalem, and there friction with the Pharisees increases and one of his disciples agrees to betray him for thirty pieces of silver.
In the gospels, the ministry of Jesus begins with his baptism in the countryside of Roman Judea and Transjordan, near the river Jordan, and ends in Jerusalem, following the Last Supper with his disciples. The Gospel of Luke (3:23) states that Jesus was "about 30 years of age" at the start of his ministry. A chronology of Jesus typically has the date of the start of his ministry estimated at around 27–29 and the end in the range 30–36.
Jesus' early Galilean ministry begins when after his Baptism he goes back to Galilee from his time in the Judean desert. In this early period he preaches around Galilee and recruits his first disciples who begin to travel with him and eventually form the core of the early Church as it is believed that the Apostles dispersed from Jerusalem to found the Apostolic Sees. The Major Galilean ministry which begins in Matthew 8 includes the commissioning of the Twelve Apostles, and covers most of the ministry of Jesus in Galilee. The Final Galilean ministry begins after the death of John the Baptist as Jesus prepares to go to Jerusalem.
In his later Judean ministry Jesus starts his final journey to Jerusalem through Judea. As Jesus travels towards Jerusalem, in the later Perean ministry, about one third the way down from the Sea of Galilee (actually a fresh water lake) along the River Jordan, he returns to the area where he was baptized. The final ministry in Jerusalem is sometimes called the Passion Week and begins with Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem. The gospels provide more details about the final ministry than the other periods, devoting about one third of their text to the last week of the life of Jesus in Jerusalem. In the gospel accounts, towards the end of the final week in Jerusalem, Jesus has the Last Supper with his disciples, and the next day is betrayed, arrested and tried. The trial ends in his crucifixion and death. Three days after his burial, he is resurrected and appears to his disciples and a multitude of his followers (numbering around 500 in total) over a 40-day period 1 Corinthians 15 NIVEvidence for the Resurrection, after which he ascends to Heaven.
Locations of Ministry
In the New Testament accounts, the principle locations for the ministry of Jesus were Galilee and Judea, with activities also taking place in surrounding areas such as Perea and Samaria.
The gospel narrative of the ministry of Jesus is traditionally separated into sections that have a geographical nature.
Galilean ministry: Jesus' ministry begins when after his baptism, he returns to Galilee, and preaches in the synagogue of Capernaum. The first disciples of Jesus encounter him near the Sea of Galilee and his later Galilean ministry includes key episodes such as the Sermon on the Mount (with the Beatitudes) which form the core of his moral teachings. Jesus' ministry in the Galilee area draws to an end with the death of John the Baptist.
Journey to Jerusalem: After the death of the Baptist, about half way through the gospels (approximately Matthew 17 and Mark 9) two key events take place that change the nature of the narrative by beginning the gradual revelation of his identity to his disciples: his proclamation as Christ by Peter and his transfiguration. After these events, a good portion of the gospel narratives deal with Jesus' final journey to Jerusalem through Perea and Judea. As Jesus travels towards Jerusalem through Perea he returns to the area where he was baptized.
Final week in Jerusalem: The final part of Jesus' ministry begins (Matthew 21 and Mark 11) with his triumphal entry into Jerusalem after the raising of Lazarus episode which takes place in Bethany. The gospels provide more details about the final portion than the other periods, devoting about one third of their text to the last week of the life of Jesus in Jerusalem which ends in his crucifixion. The New Testament accounts of the resurrection appearances of Jesus and his ascension are also in Judea.
Baptism and temptation
The Baptism of Jesus marks the beginning of his public ministry. This event is recorded in the Canonical Gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. In John 1:29–33, rather than a direct narrative, John the Baptist bears witness to the episode.
In the New Testament, John the Baptist preached a "baptism with water", not of forgiveness but of penance or repentance for the remission of sins (), and declared himself a forerunner to one who would baptize 'with the Holy Spirit and with fire' (). In so doing he was preparing the way for Jesus. Jesus came to the Jordan River where he was baptized by John. The baptismal scene includes the Heavens opening, a dove-like descent of the Holy Spirit, and a voice from Heaven saying, "This is my beloved Son with whom I am well pleased."
Most modern scholars view the fact that Jesus was baptized by John as an historical event to which a high degree of certainty can be assigned. James Dunn states that the historicity of the Baptism and crucifixion of Jesus "command almost universal assent". Along with the crucifixion of Jesus most scholars view it as one of the two historically certain facts about him, and often use it as the starting points for the study of the historical Jesus.
The temptation of Jesus is detailed in the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. In these narratives, after being baptized, Jesus fasted for forty days and nights in the Judaean Desert. During this time, Satan appeared to Jesus and tempted him. Jesus having refused each temptation, Satan departed and angels came and brought nourishment to Jesus.
Calling the disciples and early Ministry
The calling of the first disciples is a key episode in the gospels which begins the active ministry of Jesus, and builds the foundation for the group of people who follow him, and later form the early Church. It takes place in , and on the Sea of Galilee. reports the first encounter with two of the disciples a little earlier in the presence of John the Baptist. Particularly in the Gospel of Mark the beginning of the ministry of Jesus and the call of the first disciples are inseparable.
In the Gospel of Luke (), the event is part of the first miraculous catch of fish and results in Peter as well as James and John, the sons of Zebedee, joining Jesus vocationally as disciples. The gathering of the disciples in follows the many patterns of discipleship that continue in the New Testament, in that who have received someone else's witness become witnesses to Jesus themselves. Andrew follows Jesus because of the testimony of John the Baptist, Philip brings Nathanael and the pattern continues in where the Samaritan Woman at the Well testifies to the town people about Jesus.
This early period also includes the first miracle of Jesus in the Marriage at Cana, in the Gospel of John where Jesus and his disciples are invited to a wedding and when the wine runs out Jesus turns water into wine by performing a miracle.
Ministry and miracles in Galilee
Jesus' activities in Galillee include a number of miracles and teachings. The beginnings of this period include The Centurion's Servant (8:5–13) and Calming the storm (Matthew 8:23–27) both dealing with the theme of faith overcoming fear. In this period, Jesus also gathers disciples, e.g. calls Matthew. The Commissioning the twelve Apostles relates the initial selection of the twelve Apostles among the disciples of Jesus.
In the Mission Discourse, Jesus instructs the twelve apostles who are named in Matthew 10:2–3 to carry no belongings as they travel from city to city and preach. Separately in Luke 10:1–24 relates the Seventy Disciples, where Jesus appoints a larger number of disciples and sent them out in pairs with the Missionary's Mandate to go into villages before Jesus' arrival there.
After hearing of John the Baptist's death, Jesus withdraws by boat privately to a solitary place near Bethsaida, where he addresses the crowds who had followed him on foot from the towns, and feeds them all by "five loaves and two fish" supplied by a boy. Following this, the gospels present the Walking on water episode in Matthew 14:22–23, Mark 6:45–52 and
John 6:16–21 as an important step in developing the relationship between Jesus and his disciples, at this stage of his ministry. The episode emphasizes the importance of faith by stating that when he attempted to walk on water, Peter began to sink when he lost faith and became afraid, and at the end of the episode, the disciples increase their faith in Jesus and in Matthew 14:33 they say: "Of a truth thou art the Son of God".
Major teachings in this period include the Discourse on Defilement in Matthew 15:1–20 and Mark 7:1–23 where in response to a complaint from the Pharisees Jesus states: "What goes into a man's mouth does not make him 'unclean,' but what comes out of his mouth, that is what makes him 'unclean.'".
Following this episode Jesus withdraws into the "parts of Tyre and Sidon" near the Mediterranean Sea where the Canaanite woman's daughter episode takes place in Matthew 15:21–28 and Mark 7:24–30. This episode is an example of how Jesus emphasizes the value of faith, telling the woman: "Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted." The importance of faith is also emphasized in the Cleansing ten lepers episode in Luke 17:11–19.
In the Gospel of Mark, after passing through Sidon Jesus enters the region of the Decapolis, a group of ten cities south east of Galilee, where the Healing the deaf mute miracle is reported in Mark 7:31–37, where after the healing, the disciples say: "He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak." The episode is the last in a series of narrated miracles which builds up to Peter's proclamation of Jesus as Christ in Mark 8:29.
Proclamation as Christ
The Confession of Peter refers to an episode in the New Testament in which in Jesus asks a question to his disciples: "Who do you say that I am?" Apostle Peter proclaims Jesus to be Christ – the expected Messiah. The proclamation is described in the three Synoptic Gospels: Matthew 16:13–20, Mark 8:27–30 and Luke 9:18–20.
Peter's Confession begins as a dialogue between Jesus and his disciples in which Jesus begins to ask about the current opinions about himself among "the multitudes", asking: "Who do the multitudes say that I am?" The disciples provide a variety of the common hypotheses at the time. Jesus then asks his disciples about their own opinion: But who do you say that I am? Only Simon Peter answers him: You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.
In Matthew 16:17 Jesus blesses Peter for his answer, and later indicates him as the rock of the Church, and states that he will give Peter "the keys of the kingdom of heaven".
In blessing Peter, Jesus not only accepts the titles Christ and Son of God which Peter attributes to him, but declares the proclamation a divine revelation by stating that his Father in Heaven had revealed it to Peter. In this assertion, by endorsing both titles as divine revelation, Jesus unequivocally declares himself to be both Christ and the Son of God. The proclamation of Jesus as Christ is fundamental to Christology and the Confession of Peter, and Jesus' acceptance of the title is a definitive statement for it in the New Testament narrative. While some of this passage may well be authentic, the reference to Jesus as Christ and Son of God is likely to be an addition by Matthew.
Transfiguration
The Transfiguration of Jesus is an episode in the New Testament narrative in which Jesus is transfigured (or metamorphosed) and becomes radiant upon a mountain. The Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 17:1–9, Mark 9:2–8, Luke 9:28–36) describe it, and 2 Peter 1:16–18 refers to it. In these accounts, Jesus and three of his apostles go to a mountain (the Mount of Transfiguration). On the mountain, Jesus begins to shine with bright rays of light. Then the prophets Moses and Elijah appear next to him and he speaks with them. Jesus is then called "Son" by a voice in the sky, assumed to be God the Father, as in the Baptism of Jesus.
The Transfiguration is one of the miracles of Jesus in the Gospels. This miracle is unique among others that appear in the Canonical gospels, in that the miracle happens to Jesus himself. Thomas Aquinas considered the Transfiguration "the greatest miracle" in that it complemented baptism and showed the perfection of life in Heaven. The Transfiguration is one of the five major milestones in the gospel narrative of the life of Jesus, the others being Baptism, Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Ascension. In the New Testament, Transfiguration is a pivotal moment, and the setting on the mountain is presented as the point where human nature meets God: the meeting place for the temporal and the eternal, with Jesus himself as the connecting point, acting as the bridge between heaven and earth.
Final journey to Jerusalem
After the death of John the Baptist and the Transfiguration, Jesus starts his final journey to Jerusalem, having predicted his own death there. The Gospel of John states that during the final journey Jesus returned to the area where he was baptized, and John 10:40–42 states that "many people believed in him beyond the Jordan", saying "all things whatsoever John spake of this man were true". The area where Jesus was baptised is inferred as the vicinity of the Perea area, given the activities of the Baptist in Bethabara and Ænon in John 1:28 and 3:23. Scholars generally assume that the route Jesus followed from Galilee to Jerusalem passed through Perea.
This period of ministry includes the Discourse on the Church in which Jesus anticipates a future community of followers, and explains the role of his apostles in leading it. It includes the parables of The Lost Sheep and The Unforgiving Servant in Matthew 18 which also refer to the Kingdom of Heaven. The general theme of the discourse is the anticipation of a future community of followers, and the role of his apostles in leading it. Addressing his apostles in 18:18, Jesus states: "what things soever ye shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven; and what things soever ye shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven". The discourse emphasizes the importance of humility and self-sacrifice as the high virtues within the anticipated community. It teaches that in the Kingdom of God, it is childlike humility that matters, not social prominence and clout.
At the end of this period, the Gospel of John includes the Raising of Lazarus episode in John 11:1–46 in which Jesus brings Lazarus of Bethany back to life four days after his burial. In the Gospel of John, the raising of Lazarus is the climax of the "seven signs" which gradually confirm the identity of Jesus as the Son of God and the expected Messiah. It is also a pivotal episode which starts the chain of events that leads to the crowds seeking Jesus on his Triumphal entry into Jerusalem – leading to the decision of Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin to plan to kill Jesus.
Final week in Jerusalem
The description of the last week of the life of Jesus (often called the Passion week) occupies about one third of the narrative in the canonical gospels. The narrative for that week starts by a description of the final entry into Jerusalem, and ends with his crucifixion.
The last week in Jerusalem is the conclusion of the journey which Jesus had started in Galilee through Perea and Judea. Just before the account of the final entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, the Gospel of John includes the Raising of Lazarus episode, which builds the tension between Jesus and the authorities. At the beginning of the week as Jesus enters Jerusalem, he is greeted by the cheering crowds, adding to that tension.
The week begins with the Triumphal entry into Jerusalem. During the week of his "final ministry in Jerusalem", Jesus visits the Temple, and has a conflict with the money changers about their use of the Temple for commercial purposes. This is followed by a debate with the priests and the elder in which his authority is questioned. One of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, decides to betray Jesus for thirty pieces of silver.
Towards the end of the week, Jesus has the Last Supper with his disciples, during which he institutes the Eucharist, and prepares them for his departure in the Farewell Discourse. After the supper, Jesus is betrayed with a kiss while he is in agony in the garden, and is arrested. After his arrest, Jesus is abandoned by most of his disciples, and Peter denies him three times, as Jesus had predicted during the Last Supper. The final week that begins with his entry into Jerusalem, concludes with his crucifixion and burial on that Friday.
Passion
Betrayal and arrest
In Matthew 26:36–46, Mark 14:32–42, Luke 22:39–46 and John 18:1, immediately after the Last Supper, Jesus takes a walk to pray, Matthew and Mark identifying this place of prayer as Garden of Gethsemane.
Jesus is accompanied by Peter, John and James the Greater, whom he asks to "remain here and keep watch with me." He moves "a stone's throw away" from them, where he feels overwhelming sadness and says "My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass me by. Nevertheless, let it be as you, not I, would have it." Only the Gospel of Luke mentions the details of the sweat of blood of Jesus and the visitation of the angel who comforts Jesus as he accepts the will of the Father. Returning to the disciples after prayer, he finds them asleep and in Matthew 26:40 he asks Peter: "So, could you men not keep watch with me for an hour?"
While in the Garden, Judas appears, accompanied by a crowd that includes the Jewish priests and elders and people with weapons. Judas gives Jesus a kiss to identify him to the crowd who then arrests Jesus. One of Jesus' disciples tries to stop them and uses a sword to cut off the ear of one of the men in the crowd. Luke states that Jesus miraculously healed the wound and John and Matthew state that Jesus criticized the violent act, insisting that his disciples should not resist his arrest. In Matthew 26:52 Jesus makes the well known statement: all who live by the sword, shall die by the sword.
Justice
In the narrative of the four canonical gospels after the betrayal and arrest of Jesus, he is taken to the Sanhedrin, a Jewish judicial body. Jesus is tried by the Sanhedrin, mocked and beaten and is condemned for making claims of being the Son of God. He is then taken to Pontius Pilate and the Jewish elders ask Pilate to judge and condemn Jesus—accusing him of claiming to be the King of the Jews.
After questioning, with few replies provided by Jesus, Pilate publicly declares that he finds Jesus innocent, but the crowd insists on punishment. Pilate then orders Jesus' crucifixion. Although the Gospel accounts vary with respect to various details, they agree on the general character and overall structure of the trials of Jesus.
After the Sanhedrin trial Jesus is taken to Pilate's court in the praetorium. Only in the Gospel of Luke, finding that Jesus, being from Galilee, belonged to Herod Antipas' jurisdiction, Pilate decides to send Jesus to Herod. Herod Antipas (the same man who had previously ordered the death of John the Baptist) had wanted to see Jesus for a long time, because he had been hoping to observe one of the miracles of Jesus. However, Jesus says almost nothing in response to Herod's questions, or the vehement accusations of the chief priests and the scribes. Herod and his soldiers mock Jesus, put a gorgeous robe on him, as the King of the Jews, and sent him back to Pilate. And Herod and Pilate become friends with each other that day: for before they were at enmity. After questioning Jesus and receiving very few replies, Herod sees Jesus as no threat and returns him to Pilate.
After Jesus' return from Herod's court, Pilate publicly declares that he finds Jesus to be innocent of the charges, but the crowd insists on capital punishment. The universal rule of the Roman Empire limited capital punishment strictly to the tribunal of the Roman governor and Pilate decided to publicly wash his hands as not being privy to Jesus' death. Pilate thus presents himself as an advocate pleading Jesus' case rather than as a judge in an official hearing, yet he orders the crucifixion of Jesus.
Crucifixion and burial
Jesus' crucifixion is described in all four canonical gospels, and is attested to by other sources of that age (e.g. Josephus and Tacitus), and is regarded as a historical event.
After the trials, Jesus made his way to Calvary (the path is traditionally called via Dolorosa) and the three synoptic gospels indicate that he was assisted by Simon of Cyrene, the Romans compelling him to do so. In Luke 23:27–28 Jesus tells the women in multitude of people following him not to cry for him but for themselves and their children. Once at Calvary (Golgotha), Jesus was offered wine mixed with gall to drink — usually offered as a form of painkiller. Matthew's and Mark's gospels state that he refused this.
The soldiers then crucified Jesus and cast lots for his clothes. Above Jesus' head on the cross was the inscription King of the Jews, and the soldiers and those passing by mocked him about the title. Jesus was crucified between two convicted thieves, one of whom rebuked Jesus, while the other defended him. Each gospel has its own account of Jesus' last words, comprising the seven last sayings on the cross. In John 19:26–27 Jesus entrusts his mother to the disciple he loved and in Luke 23:34 he states: "Father, forgive them; for they know not what they do", usually interpreted as his forgiveness of the Roman soldiers and the others involved.
In the three synoptic gospels, various supernatural events accompany the crucifixion, including darkness of the sky, an earthquake, and (in Matthew) the resurrection of saints. The tearing of the temple veil, upon the death of Jesus, is referenced in the synoptic. The Roman soldiers did not break Jesus' legs, as they did to the other two men crucified (breaking the legs hastened the crucifixion process), as Jesus was dead already; this further fulfilled prophecy, as noted in John 19:36, "For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken." One of the soldiers pierced the side of Jesus with a lance and blood and water flowed out. In Mark 15:39, impressed by the events the Roman centurion calls Jesus the Son of God.
Following Jesus' death on Friday, Joseph of Arimathea asked the permission of Pilate to remove the body. The body was removed from the cross, was wrapped in a clean cloth and buried in a new rock-hewn tomb, with the assistance of Nicodemus. In Matthew 27:62–66 the Jews go to Pilate the day after the crucifixion and ask for guards for the tomb and also seal the tomb with a stone as well as the guard, to be sure the body remains there.
Resurrection and Ascension
The gospels state that the first day of the week after the crucifixion (typically interpreted as a Sunday), the followers of Jesus encounter him risen from the dead, after his tomb was discovered to be empty. The New Testament does not include an account of the "moment of resurrection" and in the Eastern Church icons do not depict that moment, but show the Myrrhbearers, and depict scenes of salvation.
The resurrected Jesus then appears to his followers that day and a number of times thereafter, delivers sermons and has supper with some of them, before ascending to Heaven. The gospels of Luke and Mark include brief mentions of the Ascension, but the main references to it are elsewhere in the New Testament.
The four gospels have variations in their account of the resurrection of Jesus and his appearances, but there are four points at which all gospels converge: the turning of the stone that had closed the tomb, the visit of the women on "the first day of the week;" that the risen Jesus chose first to appear to women (or a woman) and told them (her) to inform the other disciples; the prominence of Mary Magdalene in the accounts. Variants have to do with the precise time the women visited the tomb, the number and identity of the women; the purpose of their visit; the appearance of the messenger(s)—angelic or human; their message to the women; and the response of the women.
In Matthew 28:5, Mark 16:5, Luke 24:4 and John 20:12 his resurrection is announced and explained to the followers who arrive there early in the morning by either one or two beings (either men or angels) dressed in bright robes who appear in or near the tomb. The gospel accounts vary as to who arrived at the tomb first, but they are women and are instructed by the risen Jesus to inform the other disciples. All four accounts include Mary Magdalene and three include Mary the mother of Jesus. The accounts of Mark 16:9, John 20:15 indicate that Jesus appeared to the Magdalene first, and Luke 16:9 states that she was among the Myrrhbearers who informed the disciples about the resurrection. In Matthew 28:11–15, to explain the empty tomb, the Jewish elders bribe the soldiers who had guarded the tomb to spread the rumor that Jesus' disciples took his body.
Resurrection appearances
In Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene soon after his resurrection. At first she does not recognize him and thinks that he is the gardener. When he says her name, she recognizes him yet he tells her Noli me Tangere, do not touch me, "for I am not yet ascended to my Father."
Later that day, at evening, Jesus appears to the disciples and shows them the wounds in his hands and his side in . Thomas the Apostle is not present at that meeting and later expresses doubt about the resurrection of Jesus. As Thomas is expressing his doubts, in the well known Doubting Thomas episode in John 20:24–29 Jesus appears to him and invites him to put his finger into the holes made by the wounds in Jesus' hands and side. Thomas then professes his faith in Jesus. In , in the Great Commission Jesus appears to his followers on a mountain in Galilee and calls on them to baptize all nations in the name of the "Father, Son, and Holy Spirit".
describes the Road to Emmaus appearance in which while a disciple named Cleopas was walking towards Emmaus with another disciple, they met Jesus, who later has supper with them. has a similar account that describes the appearance of Jesus to two disciples while they were walking in the country, at about the same time in the Gospel narrative. In the Miraculous catch of 153 fish Jesus appears to his disciples on the Sea of Galilee, and thereafter Jesus encourages Apostle Peter to serve his followers.
Ascension
The Ascension of Jesus (anglicized from the Vulgate Latin Acts 1:9-11 section title: Ascensio Iesu) is the Christian teaching found in the New Testament that the resurrected Jesus was taken up to heaven in his resurrected body, in the presence of eleven of his apostles, occurring 40 days after the resurrection. In the biblical narrative, an angel tells the watching disciples that Jesus' second coming will take place in the same manner as his ascension.
The canonical gospels include two brief descriptions of the Ascension of Jesus in Luke 24:50–53 and Mark 16:19, in which it takes place on Easter Sunday. A more detailed account of Jesus' bodily Ascension into the clouds is given in the Acts of the Apostles (1:9–11) where the narrative starts with the account of Jesus' appearances after his resurrection and describes the event as taking place forty days later.
Acts 1:9–12 specifies the location of the Ascension as the "mount called Olivet" near Jerusalem. Acts 1:3 states that Jesus: :"showed himself alive after his passion by many proofs, appearing unto them by the space of forty days, and speaking the things concerning the kingdom of God". After giving a number of instructions to the apostles
Acts 1:9 describes the Ascension as follows:"And when he had said these things, as they were looking, he was taken up; and a cloud received him out of their sight." Following this two men clothed in white appear and tell the apostles that Jesus will return in the same manner as he was taken, and the apostles return to Jerusalem.
In Acts 2:30–33, Ephesians 4:8–10 and 1 Timothy 3:16 (where Jesus as taken up in glory) the Ascension is spoken of as an accepted fact, while Hebrews 10:12 describes Jesus as seated in heaven.
See also
Gospels, chronology and historicity
Baptism of Jesus
Christ myth theory
Chronology of Jesus
Gospel harmony
Historical Jesus
Jesus in Christianity
Life of Christ in art
Ministry of Jesus
Timeline of Christianity
Timeline of the Bible
Associated sites
Ænon
Al Maghtas
Bethabara
New Testament places associated with Jesus
Qasr el Yahud
Notes
References
Further reading
Bruce J. Malina: Windows on the World of Jesus: Time Travel to Ancient Judea. Westminster John Knox Press: Louisville (Kentucky) 1993
Bruce J. Malina: The New Testament World: Insights from Cultural Anthropology. 3rd edition, Westminster John Knox Press Louisville (Kentucky) 2001
Ekkehard Stegemann and Wolfgang Stegemann: The Jesus Movement: A Social History of Its First Century. Augsburg Fortress Publishers: Minneapolis 1999
Biblical exegesis
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan%20Francescato
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Ivan Francescato
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Ivan Francescato (10 February 1967 – 19 January 1999) was an Italian rugby union player.
Francescato began his career in his native city, Treviso, like his five elder siblings before him, all of whom played the game at high levels; three (besides him) made the Italian National team, Bruno, Nello and Rino. He got his technical and athletic training in the youth development teams at A.S. Ruggers Tarvisium 69.
He made his debut in the Italian Championship on 14 September 1986, as a centre, against A.S.R. Milano in Milan. He remained faithful to Benetton Treviso throughout his life. Francescato also played as a scrum half.
Francescato made his International debut on 7 October 1990 against Romania. His last appearance for the Azzurri was on 8 November 1997 against South Africa. Perhaps his most famous moment in an Italian shirt was scoring one of the tries of the tournament in the 1991 World Cup in the game against the USA, in which he stepped and feinted past several American defenders before touching down between the posts.
Ivan Francescato died suddenly of a heart attack at 3 a.m. at his home in Treviso. The Benetton Treviso rugby board decided to retire the number 13 shirt for the season.
Italian team statistics
38 appearances
77 points scored
16 tries
2 Rugby World Cups Contested: 1991, 1995.
Italian National Championships: 4 (1989, 1992, 1997, 1998 with Benetton Treviso)
External links
Ivan Francescato International Statistics
1967 births
1999 deaths
Sportspeople from Treviso
Italian rugby union players
Italy international rugby union players
Benetton Rugby players
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopy%20Center%20of%20Southern%20Nevada
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Endoscopy Center of Southern Nevada
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Endoscopy Center of Southern Nevada is a private same day surgery facility localed in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is owned by Dipak Desai (65%), Eladio Carrera (14%) Clifford Carrol and Vishvinder Sharma.
In February 2008, the Southern Nevada Health District sent out notices to 40,000 patients informing them that they may have been exposed to Hepatitis C and HIV at the center from "unsafe injection practices related to the administration of anesthesia medication might have exposed patients to the blood of other patients". This was at the time, the largest such notification in the United States. This was the result of an investigation by the health district, the Nevada State Bureau of Licensure and Certification (BLC) and with consultation from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prior to this, the largest outbreak, linked to bad injection practices, occurred in Fremont, Nebraska, where 99 cancer patients were infected at an oncology center from 2001 to 2002. At least one died.
2008 Hepatitis C outbreak
The Southern Nevada Health District began an investigation into the center in January 2008 after receiving reports of two Hepatitis C cases, the normal amount that the Health District sees in an average year. The common factor was the Endoscopy Center. Later the Health District determined that five additional patients apparently contracted Hepatitis C after being patients there on the same day in September. The exposures are believed to have occurred between March 2004 and January 11, 2008.
The city of Las Vegas closed the center on February 29, 2008 when it issued an emergency suspension of its business license. The city denied an appeal of this suspension on March 3, 2008.
Investigations by the FBI and the Nevada Attorney General were announced to investigate the practices at the center.
On March 3, 2008 it was announced that the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department and the Clark County District Attorney would be conducting an investigation into shoddy medical practices that exposed patients to potentially deadly infections.
On July 17, 2009 the center, along with others involved in the problem, filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy.
In 2010, Depak Desai, a board member of the Hindu Temple of Las Vegas and a doctor at the Endoscopy Center, was convicted on 27 charges, including second-degree murder and insurance fraud. He was sentenced to life with a possibility of parole after 18 years. In 2017, Desai was moved from Northern Nevada Correctional Center to Renown Regional Medical Center in Reno. He later died on April 10th. Desai was suffering from multiple strokes before his trial began in 2010.
Related centers
Other centers involved in the investigation include:
Gastroenterology Center of Nevada – multiple locations
Spanish Hills Surgical Center
Desert Shadow Endoscopy Center
References
Healthcare in Las Vegas
Companies that have filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Dresser%20%282015%20film%29
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The Dresser (2015 film)
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The Dresser is a 2015 British television drama film directed by Richard Eyre and based on the 1980 play by Ronald Harwood. It stars Ian McKellen, Anthony Hopkins, Emily Watson, Vanessa Kirby, Sarah Lancashire and Edward Fox. The story examines the relationship between an aging Shakespearean actor and his theatrical dresser, as well as the other members of his theatrical company, as he grapples with the approach of senility and irrelevance. Like the play which serves as its basis, the film's central relationship draws inspiration from Shakespeare's King Lear. The film premiered on BBC Two on 31 October 2015.
Plot
The film centres on the relationship between an ageing Shakespearean actor, named only as "Sir", and his theatrical dresser, Norman. It is set entirely in the backstage area (and briefly, the main stage) of a London playhouse during the Blitz.
It opens with a meeting between Norman and Sir's (apparent) wife, "Her Ladyship", in Sir's dressing room following a difficult visit to Sir in hospital. At Her Ladyship's frantic behest, Norman explains the events which had led to Sir's admission. He had discovered Sir wandering the streets of London during an air raid: his erratic behaviour, including trampling his hat and coat and making a public spectacle, induced Norman to take him to the hospital, despite his being scheduled for a performance of King Lear that evening. Norman regrets this, while Her Ladyship, concerned for Sir's ability to perform, considers cancelling the performance on account of illness. Norman, who has been with Sir as his dresser for nearly thirty years, and has never seen his company cancel a performance, pleads with Her Ladyship and company stage manager Madge (Sarah Lancashire) to postpone the cancellation and allow him to visit Sir in the hospital. As he begs, Sir reappears in his dressing room, having "discharged himself" from medical care.
Sir insists that he be allowed to prepare for the evening's performance, to the shock and dismay of Her Ladyship and Madge. Obviously exhausted, and approaching senility or dementia, the elderly Sir views each performance as essential to his reputation as a respected classical actor. Sir begins to prepare between bouts of amnesia and jealous weeping, accidentally blackening himself for the role of Othello instead of King Lear and forgetting the lines which begin the play; meanwhile, Norman attempts to defuse his flaring temper with silliness and reminiscing. Her Ladyship and Madge both attempt to check in on Sir, but Norman refuses to let them enter. Various members of the company, whose numbers have been dwindling with the loss of so many young actors to the war in Europe, appear for Sir's appraisal, including the pretty young actress Irene (Vanessa Kirby) toward whom Sir behaves inappropriately; demure and miscast Thornton (Edward Fox) in the role of Fool; and the standoffish Oxenby as Edmund, who refuses to "muck in" and assist with offstage production activities. Sir attempts to write in his memoirs without success.
The performance finally begins, as the sheepish but obviously attention-hungry Norman makes a fool of himself in his curtain speech warning of the air raid. As the play approaches Sir's first entrance, it is unclear whether he will be physically able to perform; however, after initially missing his cue, he begins a passionate, inspired performance of the play's most important speeches. Oxenby begrudgingly assists with the backstage sounds for the storm scene, while Norman plainly relishes any role given to him in the running of the production.
During the interval, Sir returns exhausted to his dressing room while Norman congratulates him and prepares him to sleep until his next entrance; however, Her Ladyship enters and awakens him, imploring him to retire from the stage following the performance. Sir refuses, and Her Ladyship laments his self-centred, egotistical nature and her own choice to live endlessly live in his shadow. It is revealed that Sir refused to divorce his first wife for Her Ladyship because he hoped to retain eligibility for a knighthood. She threatens to leave the company and Sir forever, but Sir pleads for her not to go; when it becomes apparent Her Ladyship has relented, he turns malicious and belittles her hopes for a life outside his shadow. After she leaves, Irene attempts to enter, but Sir has her summon Madge, to whom he tells his wishes for his press clippings of theatrical reviews for his career, and to whom he gives an heirloom ring from actor Edmund Kean. Madge reveals she has loved Sir since her time at the company began, which Sir uses to assuage his wounded ego. Irene then enters, and Sir makes a sexual advance after signing a photograph for her. Norman returns and jealously listens through the door. Sir takes Irene in his arms as he would Cordelia, then casts her off; as Irene exits, Norman accosts her about what occurred, but Irene refuses to divulge any information. Norman expels her from the company, against the authority of Sir.
The play resumes, and Sir continues his exceptional performance. After the curtain falls, Sir changes out of his costume and shows some tenderness toward Norman, asking what will happen to him if Sir is unable to continue performing, an idea Norman dismisses. Thornton appears and expresses his joy at having played the principal role of Fool, extemporising on the opportunity theatre offers to even older actors. Sir becomes distant and withdrawn, dismissing Norman's attempts at cheer and preparation for the next night's performance of Richard III. Her Ladyship appears to say a spiteful goodnight, followed by Oxenby, who diminishes Sir's authority in the company. Sir becomes distraught, and Norman's attempts to comfort Sir as he lies down to sleep are largely ignored. Norman asserts that he is "never despairing," and claims to be unconcerned about his own legacy, in contrast to Sir. Sir asks Norman to read aloud the dedication to his memoirs, which contain dedications to Her Ladyship and the "spirit of all actors and those who do the work of the theatre ... and the memory of William Shakespeare"; as Norman does so, Sir dies. Norman slowly realises this, and becomes distraught and spiteful towards Sir, who has failed to mention him in the dedications. He calls for Madge, who is tender with Sir's remains. While Madge telephones Her Ladyship to give her the news, Norman secretly adds "dressers" to the list of dedications. Norman is obviously contemptuous and expresses cowardice about his own future. As Madge begins to leave in tears, Norman claims he "wouldn't give [Sir] a good character in a court of law." The two scrap, and Madge leaves distraught; Norman is left alone with Sir's body. He begins to tell one of the stories which used to cheer Sir, but stops himself.
Cast
Ian McKellen as Norman
Anthony Hopkins as "Sir"
Emily Watson as "Her Ladyship"
Vanessa Kirby as Irene
Sarah Lancashire as Madge
Edward Fox as Thornton; Fox had played the role of Oxenby in the 1983 cinema film of the play
Tom Brooke as Oxenby / Edmond
Matthew Cottle as Albany
Ian Conningham as Kent
Helen Bradbury as Regan
John Ashton as Gloucester
Annalisa Rossi as Goneril
Carl Sanderson as Cornwall
Production
Filming began in London in March 2015.
References
External links
2015 television films
2015 films
2015 drama films
British films
British television films
British drama films
Remakes of British films
English-language films
Films about actors
Films about old age
Films directed by Richard Eyre
Films set on the home front during World War II
Films scored by Stephen Warbeck
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68486469
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustaf%20Einar%20Du%20Rietz
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Gustaf Einar Du Rietz
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Gustaf Einar Du Rietz (1895–1967) was a Swedish lichenologist and ecologist. He was part of a Swedish Australasian Botanical Expedition to New Zealand in 1926 to study lichens in New Zealand along with his wife Greta Sernander-Du Rietz, who was also a lichenologist. He later became professor of plant ecology at the University of Uppsala in 1934.
References
Swedish lichenologists
1895 births
1967 deaths
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20786325
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991%20Bangladesh%20census
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1991 Bangladesh census
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In 1991, the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, conducted a national census in Bangladesh. They recorded data from all of the districts and upazilas and main cities in Bangladesh including statistical data on population size, households, sex and age distribution, marital status, economically active population, literacy and educational attainment, religion, number of children etc. According to the census, Hindus were 10.5 per cent of the population, down from 12.1 per cent as of 1981.
Bangladesh have a population of 106,314,992 as per 1991 census report. Majority of 93,886,769 reported that they were Muslims, 11,184,337 reported as Hindus, 616,626 as Buddhists, 350,839 as Christians and 276,418 as others.
See also
Demographics of Bangladesh
2001 Bangladesh census
2011 Bangladesh census
References
External links
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, "Census Reports: Population Census-2001", 2001. The 1991 census figures can be seen compared to the 2001 census.
Censuses in Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Census
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32626817
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamran%20Sheeraz
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Kamran Sheeraz
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Kamran Pasha Sheeraz (born 28 December 1973) is a former English cricketer. Sheeraz was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Wellington, Shropshire.
Sheeraz made his debut in county cricket for Bedfordshire against Suffolk in the 1992 MCCA Knockout Trophy. That season he also played 7 Minor Counties Championship matches. He later made his first-class debut for Gloucestershire against Northamptonshire in the 1994 County Championship. He made 12 further first-class appearances, the last of which came against Glamorgan in the 1997 County Championship. In his 13 first-class matches for the county, he took 27 wickets at an average of 40.88, with best figures of 6/67. These figures came against the touring West Indians in 1995, a match in which he also took 5/44 to give him is only 10 wicket haul in a match in his first-class career. He made his List A debut for Gloucestershire against Derbyshire in the 1994 AXA Equity & Law League. He made 19 further List A appearances for Gloucestershire, the last of which came against Pakistan A in 1997. In his 20 List A matches for the county, he took 13 wickets at an average of 50.07, with a best figures of 2/20. Following the end of the 1994 season, Sheeraz played for Rawalpindi B in Pakistan, making 2 List A appearances in the Willis Cup against Islamabad and United Bank Limited, taking 3 wickets in his 2 matches for the team.
With opportunities limited at Gloucestershire, he returned to Bedfordshire in 1997, appearing in a single Minor Counties Championship match against Northumberland, before leaving Gloucestershire at the end of the 1998 season. In 1999, he joined Shropshire, making his debut for the county against the Hampshire Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy, which was his only List A appearance for Shropshire. In this match he took the wicket of Andrew Perry for the cost of 38 runs from 10 overs, while with the bat he was run out for a duck. He went on to make 2 appearances in the 1999 MCCA Knockout Trophy against the Derbyshire Cricket Board and Cheshire, before making 3 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made no further Minor counties or List A appearances for Shropshire after this season.
References
External links
Kamran Sheeraz at ESPNcricinfo
Kamran Sheeraz at CricketArchive
1973 births
Living people
People from Wellington, Shropshire
English cricketers
Bedfordshire cricketers
Gloucestershire cricketers
Shropshire cricketers
Rawalpindi B cricketers
Pakistani cricketers
English people of Pakistani descent
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