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24
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86,731,614 |
{
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|
that improvement in the definition of pest problems is often required to help target limited applied research funds more accurately and to develop control strategies which are appropriate for producer and consumer. Decision tools may help to identify gaps in knowledge but research priorities, frequently determined by organizational, political and social factors, were beyond the scope of the text. The contentious issue raised in the preface that improved pest management is more likely to be achieved through better application of current technologies than from new methods, including biotechnology, remains unresolved. After a useful introduction to the philosophy and concepts of decision tools in pest management, the text is divided into three major sections concerning problem definition, computing techniques and implementation. Although the term 'pest' is used to include insects, diseases, weeds, rodents and birds, the experience of the contributors means that insect problems dominate: weeds and diseases which frequently determine crop protection strategies are only cursorily discussed. The reviews of modelling techniques and their application were particularly useful and 1 feel compelled to highlight the chapter by Knight and Day! The work is generously supplied with diagrams and tables and is easy to read, and overall stimulates new ways of thinking about approaches to crop protection.
|
2022-01-17T20:56:30.169Z
|
56,693,707 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/IEMBS.1989.95594",
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|
The state-space analysis technique is applied to characterizing the time-varying interaction between the left ventricle and systematic vascular bed. An analog model of the circulatory system is developed. Pressure and flow waveforms in the system are computed by numerically integrating the five simultaneous state equations that represent the system dynamics. The model-predicted waveforms agree well with the psychological responses regarding the changes in peripheral resistance, vascular capacitance, viscoelastic loss, aortic valve stenosis, and intraaortic balloon pumping.<<ETX>>
|
2022-04-30T12:29:05.649Z
|
109,813,235 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2172/10181444",
"MAG": "1527907242",
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"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1394876/m2/1/high_res_d/10181444.pdf"
}
|
This report presents the results of the preliminary assessment (PA) conducted by Argonne National Laboratory at the Georgia Army National Guard property located on Hunter Army Airfield (HAA) near Savannah, Georgia, known as Army Aviation Support Facility (AASF) No. 3. Preliminary assessments of federal facilities are being conducted to compile the information necessary for completing preremedial activities and to provide a basis for establishing corrective actions in response to releases of hazardous substances. The principal objective of the PA is to characterize the site accurately and determine the need for further action by examining site activities, types and quantities of hazardous substances utilized, the nature and amounts of wastes generated or stored at the facility, and potential pathways by which contamination could affect public health and the environment. This PA satisfies, for the AASF No. 3 property, requirements of the Department of Defense Installation Restoration Program (IRP). The scope of this assessment is limited to the facilities and past activities contained within the area now occupied by AASF No. 3. However, this assessment report is intended to be read in conjunction with a previous IRP assessment of HAA completed in 1992 (USATHAMA 1992) and to provide comprehensive information on AASFmore » No. 3 for incorporation with information contained in that previous assessment for the entirety of HAA.« less
|
2022-04-30T12:42:47.912Z
|
245,711,794 |
{
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"DOI": "10.37064/ai.v9i2.10624",
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"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
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|
Dakwah Islam adalah kewajiban yang harus dilakukan umat muslim, terutama oleh ulama dan dai. Kegiatan menyampaikan ajaran Islam kepada seseorang atau sekelompok orang supaya mereka memeluk Islam atau melaksanakan ajaran Islam demi mencapai kebahagiaan di dunia dan akhirat. Kegiatan dakwah Islam makin lama makin memiliki beragam tantangan yang tidak mudah, bahkan bisa dikatakan sangat berat. Tantangan berdakwah di era milenial berhadapan dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi. Dakwah harus menyesuaikan diri dengan perkembangan perangkat yang terus berkembang pesat. Salah satu strategi yang tepat dilaksanakan dalam menghadapi pola hidup modern dalam kaitannya dengan penggunaan media dakwah kontemporer adalah memperbanyak pengenalan tentang tatacara penggunaan media dakwah kepada seluruh media yang ada, mendorong pencipta aplikasi untuk mengarahkan ciptaanya dalam mempermudah mengakses materi dakwah di internet, mengarahkan pengguna internet untuk lebih banyak membuka aplikasi keagamaan dibandingkan dengan aplikasi lainnya, membuka lebih luas untuk mempelajari pembuatan aplikasi yang bernuansa agama dibanding dengan aplikasi permainan.
|
2022-05-20T07:04:13.474Z
|
211,309,899 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17265/2328-7144/2019.01.001",
"MAG": "2982295342",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Religious freedom is one of the fundamental human rights that are enshrined both internationally and nationally. All modern States ought, within their internal law, to defend the right of religious freedom in order to preserve the peaceful nature of a modern society. This work has attempted to study the existing literature, to carry out comparative law research and to criticize the current situation linking religious freedom as a supreme and constitutional good and the tax obligation of natural persons that is consistent with their mandatory contribution to public burdens on the basis of their ability to pay and their social role.
|
2022-06-30T20:52:09.548Z
|
249,632,196 |
{
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.54941/ahfe1001618",
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|
this papers aims to present a survey of the perception of the barriers to implementing reverse logistics practices in South African construction organisations. Despite the extensive research on forward logistics and RL, there is a paucity of studies that examine the barriers to implementing RL particularly within the South African construction industry that hinders the implementation of RL. Data were collected by utilising the use of questionnaires. The quantitative survey data were subjected to descriptive analysis. The following barriers were indicated as most significant; lack of awareness of reverse logistics practices, lack of knowledge of the revenue reverse logistics brings. The least ranked barriers are limited forecasting and planning in reverse logistics, lack of pressure from community and perceived idea that the cost of adopting RL is high. First, the reported findings are focussed on one study that used questionnaire surveys within the construction industry; therefore, the results may not be generalisable to other contexts. The barriers identified could be used as a road map for the development of appropiate solutions for the successful implementation of RL.
|
2022-06-14T16:39:50.677Z
|
24,485,838 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1176/PS.44.3.236",
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|
OBJECTIVE
Fifty-three state hospital patients discharged to group homes in the community in 1978-79 were followed up at three and 11 years to assess their quality of life and several other dimensions of their community experience.
METHODS
A structured interview was used to obtain data on patients' perceptions of and degree of satisfaction with aspects of their lives one month before hospital discharge and at three and 11 years after. Group home staff rated patients' functioning at follow-up. Data on rehospitalizations over the 11-year period were collected.
RESULTS
At 11-year follow-up, 30 of the surviving 40 patients were living in noninstitutional settings: nine in independent or semi-independent settings and 21 in group homes. The 30 patients perceived that their quality of life outside the hospital had improved in several ways, including the extent of their social networks, the quality of their living environment, and their capacity to meet basic needs. When data were averaged over the 11 years and corrected for the shorter time in the study of subjects who died, patients spent only 2.6 percent of the follow-up period in the hospital. Only one patient at 11 years wanted to return to the hospital.
CONCLUSIONS
The finding that even the small minority of patients who required multiple rehospitalizations preferred community life may have important clinical and policy implications for setting the threshold of hospital discharge.
|
2022-09-13T15:34:08.883Z
|
247,210,781 |
{
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"DOI": "10.7860/jcdr/2022/50491.16046",
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"license": "CCBYNCND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2022/50491.16046"
}
|
Derangements in coagulation profile due to on-going anticoagulant medication can complicate the most primitive physiology in a woman, ovulation. Unmonitored anticoagulant therapy can lead to an array of complications, one of which is intraperitoneal haemorrhage secondary to numerous medical and surgical conditions. The resultant haemoperitoneum can cause sudden hypovolemic shock, especially in a patient with compromised cardiovascular status. This report narrates the case of a 30 years old nulliparous female patient on anticoagulant therapy, operated for multiple cardiac defects and developed massive haemoperitoneum as a consequence of ovulation. The patient presented in shock to the Emergency Department with unstable haemodynamic status. A multi-disciplinary approach to the case converged on ruptured functional ovarian cyst as a working diagnosis. Conservative management of haemoperitoneum was decided upon, whereby correcting shock and providing pro-coagulant therapy along with blood products was the main line of management. All efforts failed soon after when the cyst wall ruptured catastrophically, leading to collapse of the general condition of the patient. Surgical approach was undertaken and a ruptured ovarian cyst wall was identified to be the cause. The cyst wall was subsequently repaired electrosurgically and the patient recovered well with an uneventful postoperative period. However, the characteristic feature of this case is the lack of follow-up due to lockdown restrictions of this continuum, the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The management of such cases must be carefully titrated, keeping in mind the risks and benefits of both pro-coagulant and anti-coagulant therapy wherein one can jeopardise the effects of the other.
|
2022-03-24T13:26:38.574Z
|
233,385,722 |
{
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"DOI": "10.21107/agriekonomika.v9i2.6824",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/agriekonomika/article/download/6824/5180"
}
|
The productivity of white pepper plants and the low quality of yields are the main problems that should be corrected in the management of smallholder plantations in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This study aims to determine the factors affecting farmer participation in implementing GAP, as well as how the GAP was implemented. The study was conducted in 3 districts namely West Bangka, Central Bangka, and South Bangka as a center of white pepper production. The respondents consisting of 142 farmers who applied GAP and 82 non-GAP farmers. By using the logit model, it is found that older farmers, more educated, have more family members, have larger planting areas and farmers who are more active in participating in GAP socialization will have more chances of deciding to implement GAP. The implementation of white pepper GAP for each component, on average ranged from 67 to 95 percent.
|
2022-11-10T16:43:50.089Z
|
165,999,413 |
{
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"DOI": "10.5569/1134-7147.64.02",
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"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.5569/1134-7147.64.02"
}
|
espanolEn las ultimas decadas, las politicas de inclusion social han venido marcadas por una perspectiva muy centrada en las personas en situacion de vulnerabilidad o de exclusion. Se trataba de individualizar las intervenciones con base en la idea de que los itinerarios de inclusion deben disenarse atendiendo a cuales son las barreras en cada caso. Sin dejar de considerar la validez de estos enfoques, parece pertinente plantear, al mismo tiempo, algunos cambios en nuestras sociedades que favorezcan una ampliacion de los espacios de inclusion. El objetivo de este articulo es exponer y reflexionar en torno a algunas de las alternativas que, a lo largo de los ultimos anos, se han ido planteando como respuesta al desempleo y a la precarizacion de una buena parte del empleo. Todas ellas proponen una nueva cultura del trabajo que permita que un mayor numero de personas accedan al empleo y a los derechos sociales. EuskaraAzken hamarkadetako gizarteratze-politikak nabarmendu izan dira kalteberatasun eta gizarte-bazterketa egoeran dauden biztanleen ikuspegian zentratu izanagatik. Horren asmoa izan da kasu bakoitzean agertutako trabak aintzat hartuta inklusiorako ibilbideak indibidualizatutako moduen eskuartzeen bidez diseinatzea. Ikuspegi horien baliagarritasunaz beste, aldi berean, zentzuzkoa ematen du gizarteratzeko guneak zabaldu ahal izateko aldaketa batzuk sartu ahal izatea egungo gizarte garaikideetan. Artikulu honen xedea da langabezia eta enpleguaren ezegonkortasunaren inguruan azken urteotako aukera horietako batzuk azaldu eta berauen inguruko hausnarketa burutzea. Horiek guztiek proposatzen dute lanaren kultura berri baten alde egitea, modu horretan biztanle gehiagok sarbidea izateko bai enplegu bai eskubide sozialen eremuan.
|
2022-11-18T01:03:20.818Z
|
31,087,225 |
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"DOI": "10.1590/S0004-27302012000900014",
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"url": null
}
|
occer is a physically demanding sport in which muscular damage and trauma are frequent occurrences (1,2). These occurrences are especially true for those ath-letes involved in top-division clubs at national or international levels. Many factors may come into play when determining the degree of muscular damage that may oc-cur during a soccer match, such as intensity of physical participation, environmental conditions, skill level, prior level of rest, and aggressiveness of the teams involved in the match (2).It is well-established that a multitude of hormones influence the degree of protein turnover in the human body. These hormones are typically categorized as anabolic (promoting protein synthesis) or catabolic (promoting protein degradation) in terms of their influence on protein turnover. Cellular protein turnover status can influence the structural integrity of a muscle, and thus its potential for damage (i.e., less integrity → greater risk of damage) (3). The disposition of anabolic and catabolic hormones to influence protein turnover and, in turn, their influence on the structural status of skel -etal muscles, led us to speculate as to whether the basal hormonal status of an athlete before a soccer match would be a factor that potentially affects their muscle response to damage. To address this assumption, we conducted a preliminary study to examine the relationship between basal levels of anabolic-catabolic hormones and muscle dam -age, assessed by creatine kinase response following a 90-minute soccer match. The study of muscular damage following sport activity is critical because of the influence such damage has on the adaptation and training responses of athletes and their ability to perform and compete in subsequent sport events (1,3).Twelve healthy male soccer players were recruited to participate in this study. All of them signed a written informed consent form before starting the study. These players were all experienced sportsmen and had participated in top-division soccer for a num -ber of years (minimum 2 years as professionals). Their physical characteristics were as follows (mean ± SD): age = 26.3 ± 3.8 yrs., height = 177.8 ± 2.9 cm, and body mass = 75.5 ± 8.3 kg. Subjects rested and performed minimal physical activity in the 24 hours prior to the match. On the day of the match, basal, resting blood samples were collected from the subjects by venipuncture at 8 am in the morning, after a 12-hour fast. Collected blood samples were handled using standard clinical procedures to ensure they were viable for later hormonal-hematological analysis. The soccer match took place in the afternoon of the day of blood sampling, at around 5 pm. The average temperature during the match was 27
|
2022-12-13T03:50:26.526Z
|
85,127,889 |
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"DOI": "10.7853/KJVS.2011.34.3.245",
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|
In the present study, we carried out a seropositive survey of Neospora (N) caninum and Toxoplasma (T) gondii in cattle at northern area of Gyeongnam province, Korea. Serum sample was obtained from Holstein cattle (n=248, 44 farms in 5 counties) and Korean indigenous cattle (n=120, 23 farms in 4 counties). All 368 sera were tested for antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seropositive of N. caninum at farm and heads were 41.8% (28/67) and 12.8% (47/368), respectively. Twenty-five cattle (6.8%) were seropositive to T. gondii, and eighteen (26.9%) of 67 studied farms had cows seropositive to T. gondii. The seroprevalence of Holstein cattle was much higher than that of Korean indigenous cattle. There was no apparent association of T. gondii seropositivity with age, while the seropositivity for N. caninum was associated with cattle age. The farm of cattle above the age of 5 years (16.8%) was more infective than less than 4 years (9.3%). This is the first report on seroprevalence of N. canium and T. gondii in Holstein and Korean indigenous cattle in Gyeongnam, Korea.
|
2022-12-26T16:23:47.974Z
|
36,585,215 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1074/jbc.C000308200",
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"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Apoptosis induced by high level oxidative stress accompanies diverse cellular biochemical events including activation of the stress signal cascades of JNK and NF-κB. We report here selective activation of p38 MAPK cascade and mitotic arrest under a low level oxidative stress that lacks apoptosis induction. U937 human lymphoid cells treated with low dose (0.02 mm) H2O2 rapidly caused p38 MAPK cascade activation detectable by phosphorylation of MKK3/6, p38 MAPK, activating transcription factor-2, and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein, leaving the JNK and NF-κB cascades unaffected. The p38 kinase activation was sustained for 24 h under the low level stress conditions and led to formation of polyploid nuclei.N-Acetyl-l-cysteine, a precursor of anti-oxidant glutathione, canceled both p38 MAPK activation and abnormal cell cycle progression, whereas blockage of the kinase by specific inhibitor SB203580 allowed the appearance of apoptotic cells. Thus, mimicking the effects of nocodazole, the low level oxidative stimulus caused inhibition of cell division in the M phase through p38 MAPK activation. The kinase cascade may serve as a primary transducer of cytoplasmic oxidative signals to nucleus for stress-relieving gene expression and cell cycle control before apoptosis-inducing signals are transduced. This is the first report demonstrating that oxidative stress can participate in cell cycle control by induction of a signal cascade.
|
2022-12-28T16:15:18.675Z
|
96,649,045 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1002/(SICI)1096-9888(199608)31:8<861::AID-JMS361>3.0.CO;2-A",
"MAG": "2084060011",
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}
|
A number of star-burst type tetranuclear complexes denoted by [Met(II)L 2 B] 3 RuX 8 (Met = Ru, Os) were examined by positive electrospray (ES) mass spectrometry, where L is bpy (2,2'-bipyridine) or btfmb (4,4'-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), bridging ligand B is 1,1'-dimethyl-2,2'-bis(2-pyridyl)-6,6'-bibenzimidazole (dmbpbim), 2,2'-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)-4,4'-bipyridine (bbbpyH 2 ) or the related ligand, and X is ClO 4 - . Multiply charged ions with the charge state from 8+ to 3+ were observed in the full- scan ES mass spectra. Different charged ions were generated by the combination of counterion loss and protonation/deprotonation of the bridging ligand B. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) of the multiply charged ion made it clear that loss of one or more HX neutral is a major process for lower charge states, whereas complete fragmentation takes place for higher charge states and the fragments are based on a subunit group of [Met(II)L 2 B] 2+ . Insertion of formal O 2 - produced from ClO 4 - counterion was observed for the complexes without active protons even if low-energy CID experiments, but not for the complexes with active protons. Advantages of ES mass spectrometry are demonstrated for these multinuclear compounds and the CID chemistry of the ions investigated is discussed.
|
2022-07-31T00:01:08.743Z
|
20,250,756 |
{
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"DOI": "10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06183-1",
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}
|
BACKGROUND
In recent years, an increasing number of runners prefer jogging barefoot or in minimalistic shoes. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution of plantar pressure during jogging barefoot, in minimalistic shoes, or in shoes with cushioned soles, as these forces modulate the risk of injury.
METHODS
The study included nine men aged between 24 and 25 years, who engaged in long-distance running. The plantar pressure of three foot zones (forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot) was examined with WIN-POD electronic podometer during running barefoot, in minimalistic shoes, or in shoes with cushioned soles.
RESULTS
Individuals who ran barefoot showed the greatest forefoot pressure, followed by those running in minimalistic shoes and cushioned shoes. In contrast, the heel pressure in individuals running in cushioned shoes was significantly greater than in those using minimalistic shoes or running barefoot.
CONCLUSIONS
Switching from running in cushioned shoes to jogging barefoot is associated with the accumulation of greatest pressure in the forefoot and midfoot. The accumulation of the greatest pressure at the insertion of plantar aponeurosis can lead to the injuries of musculoskeletal system, in particular plantar aponeurositis. Even distribution of pressure among various parts of the foot in persons running in minimalistic shoes is associated with lower risk of injury than in the case of running barefoot.
|
2022-09-12T13:36:28.807Z
|
76,372,108 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1200/JCO.2005.23.16_SUPPL.4094",
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|
4094 Background: Pancreatic carcinoma has a poor prognosis and Chemotherapy remains the most common approach in advanced disease. Gemcitabine is the only approved drug to be used as single agent in APC. However, recent publications showed a promising results of the combination of Oxaliplatin and 5-FU (Ducreux et al Ann Oncol 2004). Therefore, we conducted a phase II trial investigating the efficacy of FOLFOX-6 in APC pts. Methods: From January 2003 through November 2004, 30 eligible patients were included. Objectives were: response rate, progression free survival and toxicity profile. Treatment plan was Oxaliplatin 100 mg/m2 and Folinic Acid 400 mg/m2 on day 1 followed by a 5-FU bolus 400 mg/m2 and 3000 mg/m2 46-h infusion every 2 weeks. Patients were evaluable according to the RECIST criteria. Results: 23 out of 30 pts had metastatic disease and 29 had adenocarcinoma. 176 cycles were delivered with a mean of 5.9 cycles/patient (extremes: 1 - 12). 25 patients were evaluable for response since 2 pts had an...
|
2022-09-14T04:46:55.153Z
|
220,008,333 |
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"DOI": "10.1136/bmj.1.1735.705",
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|
place of meetiiig was ( lianged to F'loreince, whsere, accordingly, thle secoind CSongre^ss asseiiibled in 1869. Its 1'resident was I)r. S;alvatore de Itenzi, of -Naples, w}io welcomed thle mnembe rs in a speecli in Latiin, tlle oldl I uiiiversal language " of science. Tle attendaiiee at tllis C:oiigress was not vcery large, in fact tlse niumber of foreign meiiibers was undler a liuiidred. Tlse Franco-Prussianl war followinig SOOIi after raised feelintrs ver iniimical tothle international goodfellowship upon wliieli suc I assellblages must be basebd aiid tlius the ]prospect for tlle future of tllese conlgresses ap)peared to be bacd.
|
2022-10-21T01:05:01.051Z
|
28,221,219 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1109/SINKHROINFO.2017.7997553",
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|
High quality of the provided communication services can be reached by package networks by the organization of network synchronization of the time scales (TS). The report summarizes the experience of comparing the TS of the leading watches of the corporate telecommunication network with the state time scale - UTC (SU). The methods of realization of checking of a time scale and methods of distribution of time signals on a network are considered. In the report are presented the results of approbation on real networks of the technique of measuring the difference (divergence) of TS on the networks elements proposed by research and development company “KOMETEH”. Results of pilot studies are given and practical recommendations about distribution of time scale signals over a network with the required accuracy with using the equipment of domestic production are made.
|
2022-12-19T08:35:17.167Z
|
236,437,334 |
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"DOI": "10.3389/fcell.2021.717610",
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"PubMedCentral": "8353273"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.717610/pdf"
}
|
Inflammation is regulated by the host and is a protective response activated by the evolutionarily conserved immune system in response to harmful stimuli, such as dead cells or pathogens. cGAS-STING pathway is a vital natural sensor of host immunity that can defend various tissues and organs against pathogenic infection, metabolic syndrome, cellular stress and cancer metastasis. The potential impact of cGAS-STING pathway in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, alcoholic/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), hepatic B virus infection, and other liver diseases has recently attracted widespread attention. In this review, the relationship between cGAS-STING pathway and the pathophysiological mechanisms and progression of liver diseases is summarized. Additionally, we discuss various pharmacological agonists and antagonists of cGAS-STING signaling as novel therapeutics for the treatment of liver diseases. A detailed understanding of mechanisms and biology of this pathway will lay a foundation for the development and clinical application of therapies for related liver diseases.
|
2022-12-22T17:58:03.758Z
|
227,024,970 |
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"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1671-7368.2013.08.025",
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}
|
Retrospective study was conducted to analyze the efficacies of using round hepatic and falciform ligaments in acute abdominal repair for 22 cases between December 2010 to March 2013. There was no occurrence of perioperative mortality. Twenty patients (90%) were followed up for 3 to 24 months. All cases recovered favorably and no complications of common bile duct stricture, bile leakage, postoperative hemorrhage or pancreatic fistula occurred. The anatomic and morphological advantages of pedicled ligamentum teres hepatic and falciform ligaments have made it a high-quality autologous biological repair material applicable for a variety of acute abdominal repairs.
Key words:
Pedicled ligamentum teres hepatic and falciform ligament; Abdomen, acute
|
2022-01-27T02:23:43.961Z
|
90,599,243 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4314/TJPR.V16I6.11",
"MAG": "2726447793",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose: To investigate the inhibitory effects of okra ( Abelmoschus esculentus Linn.) extract on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia. Methods: Okra was extracted with ethanol by Soxhlet extraction. Non-cytotoxic doses of okra at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL were used in this study. BV2 cells were cultured and treated with LPS in the presence or absence of okra at the concentrations indicated above. ROS, nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrotic factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) p65 and Akt were determined. Results: Treatment of BV2 cells with okra concentrations of 50, 100 and 200μg/mL significantly suppressed LPS-induced NO as well as ROS compared to untreated cells. There was also a significant decrease in the production of TNF-α and IL-1β in okra-treated BV2 microglia cells. The level of LPSinduced NF-kB p65 phosphorylation was significantly decreased by okra treatment. In addition, okra inhibited LPS-induced Akt phosphorylation, which is an upstream molecule of NF-kB. Conclusion: Okra exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells by suppressing Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. This suggests that okra might be a valuable agent for the treatment of anti-neuroinflammatory diseases mediated by microglial cells. Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus Linn, Inflammatory cytokines, Lipopolysaccharide, Neuroinflammation, Microglia, Reactive oxygen species
|
2022-09-30T01:08:43.609Z
|
238,702,944 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-172901/v1",
"MAG": "3195292271",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-172901/latest.pdf"
}
|
Objective
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a kind of stem cells with high differentiation potential and immunomodulatory ability, which has a broad prospect in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study is to investigate whether BMSCs could improve TNBS-induced colitis in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats through inducing Tregs differentiation by expressing PD-L1.
Methods
BMSCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometry before being transfected with PD-L1 siRNA recombinant lentiviral vector. Then SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Colitis induced by TNBS (sigma Aldrich) except normal group. On the fourth day of modeling, the rats in BMSCs control group and PD-L1 siRNA BMSCs group were injected with corresponding BMSCs through tail vein for 1 week, the dose was 5 × 106 cells. The normal group and model group were given the same volume of PBS.
Results
PD-L1 siRNA BMSCs and BMSCs could reach colon tissue in TNBS-induced colitis. BMSCs control group significantly improved the clinical symptoms and histopathological severity of TNBS induced colitis, but PD-L1 siRNA BMSCs group did not. We found that the percentage of Tregs in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes decreased, the expression of PD-L1, IL10, PTEN was down-regulated, and the expression of p-Akt and p-mTOR was up-regulated in colon tissue after PD-L1 siRNA intervention.
Conclusion
This study suggested that BMSCs can induce the differentiation of Treg through inhibiting Akt/mTOR pathway by expressing PD-L1, which can significantly improve the symptoms and pathological damage of ulcerative colitis rats and affect the immune function.
|
2022-10-26T16:35:19.261Z
|
13,000,076 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0160842",
"MAG": "2497176862",
"PubMedCentral": "4980028"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0160842&type=printable"
}
|
Microtubules play critical roles in vital cell processes, including cell growth, division, and migration. Microtubule-targeting small molecules are chemotherapeutic agents that are widely used in the treatment of cancer. Many of these compounds are structurally complex natural products (e.g., paclitaxel, vinblastine, and vincristine) with multiple stereogenic centers. Because of the scarcity of their natural sources and the difficulty of their partial or total synthesis, as well as problems related to their bioavailability, toxicity, and resistance, there is an urgent need for novel microtubule binding agents that are effective for treating cancer but do not have these disadvantages. In the present work, our lead discovery effort toward less structurally complex synthetic compounds led to the discovery of a series of acridinones inspired by the structure of podophyllotoxin, a natural product with important microtubule assembly inhibitory activity, as novel mechanism-based tubulin assembly inhibitors with potent anticancer properties and low toxicity. The compounds were evaluated in vitro by wound healing assays employing the metastatic and triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Four compounds with IC50 values between 0.294 and 1.7 μM were identified. These compounds showed selective cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 and DU-145 cancer cell lines and promoted cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis. Consistent with molecular modeling results, the acridinones inhibited tubulin assembly in in vitro polymerization assays with IC50 values between 0.9 and 13 μM. Their binding to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin was confirmed through competitive assays.
|
2022-12-29T16:31:57.561Z
|
153,962,792 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12968/bjhc.2006.12.12.24213",
"MAG": "1997000935",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The NHS deficit in England was small in comparison to overall expenditure but created a political circus that has led to the Secretary of State putting her job on the line by promising financial balance at the end of March 2007. She has promised a report on the causes of the deficits before the year's end.
|
2022-02-09T02:05:14.423Z
|
110,882,726 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.175-176.801",
"MAG": "2044385944",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
As time goes by and shape of body shape change, clothing sizes of national standard GB1335-1997 don't quite match Fig., and low coverage rate of size series becomes obvious situation, especially in recommended size configuration area. So there is an urgent need to study on configuration of human body and garment match, and then rationality of current size configuration was perfected. In view of national size configuration, shirt armhole was used as a sample; two sets of data were built and studied in recommended and non-recommended configuration area. The correlation and stability of chest girth change and D-value which obtained from armhole length and arm root girth were analyzed in detail. The possibility and feasibility of match between size configuration and body shape were shown. New way of analysis was explored by experiments, which could be used for reference in further research of size series.
|
2022-02-10T04:46:21.949Z
|
34,657,000 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/rpd/ncu361",
"MAG": "1986377503",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In view of the importance of zero-dose background (null signal) in influencing the coefficient of variation in low-dose region, a technique for the estimation of the same from composite (gross) signal is developed for CaSO4:Dy-based personnel monitoring system being used in India. The technique is based on simple analysis of glow curves (GCs) of unexposed and exposed dosemeters, evolution of trend/model for the zero-dose curves, generation of simulation protocol for individual zero-dose curves, establishment of characteristics of GCs of exposed dosemeters and finally preparation of an algorithm to segregate the components from composite signal. The technique offers the separation of real-time background and gives superior results over other method of approximation of the background. The results also prove efficiency of the empirical trending and simulation protocol of background GCs. The proposed technique can be implemented in routine monitoring without any extra man hours and reader time.
|
2022-02-12T09:09:13.891Z
|
137,074,100 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.892061",
"MAG": "2048469977",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Photo-responsive multi-bilayered film consisting of azobenzene polymer liquid crystals (PAzo) and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) was prepared on a glass substrate by spin coating of the polymer solutions alternately. The reflectivity of the multi-bilayered film disappeared by annealing at 80 °C. The disappearance of the reflection by the annealing was related to the thermal out-of-plane molecular orientation of PAzo even in the multi-bilayered film, leading to a very small difference in refractive indices between PAzo and PVA. The reflectance of the multi-bilayered film was increased again by UV irradiation because of the transformation from the out-of-plane orientation to the in-plane random orientation, resulting in the restoration of difference in the refractive indices. In this way, the on-off switching of the reflection was achieved by combination of the thermally spontaneous out-of-plane molecular orientation and following photoisomerization of PAzo comprising the multi-bilayered film.
|
2022-02-09T10:49:08.923Z
|
245,332,716 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18051/univmed.2021.v40.216-225",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://univmed.org/ejurnal/index.php/medicina/article/download/1150/682"
}
|
BACKGROUNDBreastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) could be an indicator of the performance of mothers in breastfeeding during the immediate postpartum time period. The factor most affecting the duration and success of breastfeeding is the self-efficacy perception of the mothers. This study was carried out to determine the BSE and the factors related to it in the early postpartum period.
METHODSA cross-sectional study was performed involving 264 mothers. Data were collected by using a questionnaire and the BSE scale (BSES). The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding descriptive characteristics (age, educational status, family type, income level, etc.) and obstetric characteristics regarding pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding status (number of pregnancies, number of births, type of delivery, planned and desired pregnancy, birth weight, first breast-feeding time after birth, etc.). Simple and multiple linear regression were performed to examine factors related to BSE.
RESULTSThe mean BSE score of the mothers participating in the study was 65.20 ± 9.3. Simple and multiple linear regression models indicated that significant determinants of BSE score include having nuclear family type, having social security, a greater number of pregnancies, a greater number of births, the status of antenatal visits in pregnancy, the status of getting information about breastfeeding, and short first breastfeeding time. Getting information about breastfeeding was the most influential factor of BSE (Beta=3.432; 95% CI : 32.771-51.626; p=0.000).
CONCLUSIONSIn this study, getting information about breastfeeding was the most influential factor of BSE in the early postpartum period. A woman's level of breastfeeding self-efficacy should be determined during the early postpartum period.
|
2022-09-06T10:33:45.455Z
|
96,440,614 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/17457289.2018.1531010",
"MAG": "2894823999",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17457289.2018.1531010?needAccess=true"
}
|
ABSTRACT One key trend changing political environments across advanced industrial democracies is increasing electoral volatility. Despite extensive research, at the individual level we still know relatively little about the mechanisms behind electoral volatility during election campaigns, including the impact of political knowledge. Against this background and based on a four-wave panel study in the context of the 2014 Swedish national election, the purpose of this paper is to investigate (a) patterns of intra-election volatility and the impact of (b) political knowledge on patterns of electoral volatility. Distinguishing between party alienation, crystallization, wavering, reinforcement, and conversion, among other things, findings show some effects from political knowledge on patterns of electoral volatility but only for acquired political knowledge.
|
2022-12-02T10:17:51.020Z
|
43,558,544 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/07315724.2002.10719235",
"MAG": "2334328446",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine whether there are age differences in the plasma parent vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) responses to eight weeks of supplementation with 20 μg/day of vitamin D3. Methods: Twenty-five healthy young men (age 18–35) and 25 healthy older men (62–79) were randomly assigned to supplementation with 20 μg/day of vitamin D3 or to no intervention and followed for eight weeks. Plasma vitamin D3 was measured by high performance liquid chromatography and 25OHD was measured by competitive protein binding. Results: Both young and old men in the supplemented group had pronounced, rapid and similar increases in plasma vitamin D3, whereas vitamin D3 concentrations were stable in the control group. By the end of the eight-week adaptation period, plasma vitamin D3 of young and old men had increased by 4.3 and 6.2 nmol/L respectively. In the supplemented group, mean 25OHD concentrations of both the young and old men increased during the study, and the magnitude of the change after eight weeks was nearly identical in the two age groups (22.5 and 22.1 nmol/L in the young and the old men, respectively). In the control group there was a modest decrease in 25OHD of both the young and old men. Conclusions: There appears to be no age-related impairment among men in the absorption or metabolism of 20 μg/day of vitamin D3 taken orally for at least eight weeks.
|
2022-12-20T10:49:57.747Z
|
110,242,677 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/10464883.1994.10734599",
"MAG": "2070082367",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This article describes an innovative attempt to teach environmental design to beginning students at the University of California, Berkeley. The particular project was built around the instructors' desire to have students work in clay, a fluid modeling medium, and to strive for personal engagements with the notions of history and culture. Clay was chosen because of the difficulties beginning students often have developing good ideas by means of more traditional methods of representation. Its lifelike properties helped students' realize their ideas almost immediatlely and allowed building and designing to become a single act. The emphasis on engagement with history and culture was intended to lead students away from shallow imitations of popular imagery toward deeper personal resources of design. The project began with each student being asked to create a historical narrative that outlined the housing needs of a real or fictitious ancestor. Such personal investigations were particularly effective in a multi...
|
2022-02-10T05:17:02.057Z
|
39,615,891 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.13.5587",
"MAG": "2305691551",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
At our request the paper entitled “Normalization of CA19-9 following resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is not tantamount to being cured?” (Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 16, 661-666) has been retracted. The reason was the authers found the mistake to review the patient’s medical records carelessly. Nonsecretors (CA19-9 < 5 U/mL) are likely to be Lewis a-b- antigen negative (Ann Surg Oncol 2013;20:2188-2196; Int J Cancer 2015; 136:22162227). Previous study has been demonstrated that CA19-9 nonsecretors underwent curative resection of pancreatic cancer had poor prognosis, and were analyzed as a separate group (Am J Clin Oncol 2014;37:550-554). Seventeen nonsecretors (0.8 U/ml to 5 U/mL, page 622, Table 1) need to be excluded from this study in our original project design. However, these patients were not excluded in our published paper (Asian Pac J Cancer Prev.2015;16:661-666.), and all the data need to be revised. As a result, the original conclusions have been compromised, especially in the patients with double-negative (postoperative CA19-9 ≤ 37 U/mL and no lymph node metastasis). We are so sorry for this mistake.
|
2022-07-04T18:54:18.481Z
|
217,529,449 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5281/ZENODO.832258",
"MAG": "3009784351",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We present the first results from the largest Ha survey of star formation and AGN activity in galaxy clusters. Using 9 different narrow band filters, we select > 3000 Ha emitters within 19 clusters and their larger scale environment over a total volume of 1.3⇥ 105 Mpc3. The sample includes both relaxed and merging clusters, covering the 0.15 0.31 redshift range and spanning from 5⇥ 1014 M to 30⇥ 1014 M . We find that the Ha luminosity function (LF) for merging clusters has a higher characteristic density f ⇤ compared to relaxed clusters. f ⇤ drops from cluster core to cluster outskirts for both merging and relaxed clusters, with the merging cluster values ⇠ 0.3 dex higher at each projected radius. The characteristic luminosity L⇤ drops over the 0.5 2.0 Mpc distance from the cluster centre for merging clusters and increases for relaxed objects. Among disturbed objects, clusters hosting large-scale shock waves (traced by radio relics) are overdense in Ha emitters compared to those with turbulence in their intra-cluster medium (traced by radio haloes). We speculate that the increase in star formation activity in disturbed, young, massive galaxy clusters can be triggered by interactions between gas-rich galaxies, shocks and/or the intra-cluster medium, as well as accretion of filaments and galaxy groups. Our results indicate that disturbed clusters represent vastly different environments for galaxy evolution compared to relaxed clusters or average field environments.
|
2022-08-31T10:01:48.367Z
|
172,109,524 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17341/GAZIMMFD.416350",
"MAG": "2892915652",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Gunumuzde mikrodizi teknolojisi sayesinde genlerin farkli seviyelerini es zamanli olarak ifade etmek mumkun hale gelmistir. Genler icindeki gizli bilgilerin temsil edilmesi, genlerin anlasilabilirligini kolaylastirmakta; ancak gen sayisinin fazla olmasi ve veri setlerindeki yuksek gurultu miktari gen verilerinin anlasilmasini zorlastirmaktadir. Bunun icin genlerin anlasilabilirligini kolaylastirmak amaciyla kumeleme kullanilmaktadir. Mikrodizi verileri cok boyutlu verilere en iyi orneklerdendir. Cok boyutlu verileri kumelendirmek icin calisma kapsaminda standart K-means ve PSO kumeleme algoritmalari icin baslangic kume merkezlerinin secimine yonelik yeni yontemler onerilmistir. Ayrica obek (coreset) yaklasimi PSO algoritmasina uyarlanmistir. Gelistirilen yontemlerin dogrulugu; literaturde sikca kullanilan veri setleri uzerinde test edilmis ve bu yaklasimlar Colon Cancer mikrodizi veri seti uzerinde calistirilmistir. Baz alinan standart K-means ve PSO kumeleme yontemleri ile gelistirilen yaklasimlar karsilastirilmis; performanslari cozume ulasilan ortalama iterasyon sayisi, Rand ve Silhouette indeksleri kullanilarak degerlendirilmistir. Deneysel calismalarda, gelistirilen yaklasimlarin oznitelik secimi yapilmis normalize veri setleri uzerinde basarili sonuclar verdigi gozlemlenmistir.
|
2022-09-12T00:50:51.467Z
|
228,907,815 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.24143/2073-1574-2020-4-16-22",
"MAG": "3103897582",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://vestnik.astu.org/en/storage/download/60361"
}
|
The article discusses the results of experiments on measuring vibration of the hull of a small vessel using various methods of vibroinsulation of outboard motors SEA PRO (nominal capacity 5 h.p.) and SEA PRO (nominal capacity 2.5 h.p.). There have been recorded the harmful effects of prolonged exposure to vibration on the human body, as well as on the boat hull and outboard motor. The peak vibration level was measured and the effectiveness of different types of vibroinsulation was evaluated. The experiments were carried out using a vibrometer Ekofizika-110A made in Russia (relative measurement error ± 0.5 dB) and a vibrometer AR63A made in China (relative measurement error ± 5%). The illustrations of the vibrometers used are presented. It was determined that a multi-layer transom cover is a fairly effective way to reduce the vibration of the motor boat hull. The highest efficiency was achieved for the outboard motor SEA PRO 5.0 when it was running at full speed; a 17.3% reduction in vibration was recorded when using the relative value of vibration acceleration (dB). For the outboard motor SEA PRO 2.5 running at medium speed the decreased vibration (9.5%) was recorded when using the relative value of vibration acceleration (dB). The conclusion has been made about the prospects of reducing the vibration of outboard motors and the need for scientific and experimental research, as well as for the development of standards for permissible vibration of the motor boat hull, which can limit the harmful effect on the crew, the boat structure and the outboard motor. The formula of the logarithmic levels of vibration acceleration in relative units is given in accordance with generally accepted sanitary rules and regulations.
|
2022-09-12T07:02:04.890Z
|
144,439,232 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/444934",
"MAG": "2074919222",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The general question to which we address ourselves in this article is, "What contribution can social psychological theory make to a comparative analysis of educational systems?" In reviewing literature on theory in comparative education it becomes evident that little speculation has occurred concerning the contribution which social psychological theory might make in building a cogent system for analyzing educational processes across societies. In fact, the great bulk of what has been written in comparative education tends to be descriptive rather than theoretical. This absence of well-formulated theory has not gone unheeded. Critics in the field have indicated their awareness of needs
|
2022-09-13T14:34:38.312Z
|
145,795,362 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1355/SJ28-3B",
"MAG": "2093007980",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Early photographic and anthropological processes produced specific forms of colonial knowledge. Images of Borneo captured during the colonial period thus offer a snapshot of the emerging field of anthropology. British explorer A.C. Haddon played a role in shaping early anthropological theory, from his 1898 expedition in Torres Straits and Sarawak to the subsequent analysis of his findings upon his return to Britain. During this time, the study of exotic people and places was the object of a new form of empiricism; the period also coincided with the circulation of a range of images of Asia. These images played a crucial part in constructing popular assumptions about colonized peoples and their social positions in the colonial hierarchy. Haddon’s photographic collections were connected to a larger process of colonial knowledge production in which various images — including other photographs, early film footage, paintings and etchings — wrestled with competing representations of the region. His photographs of Sarawak convey the struggle in the emerging discipline of anthropology to distil objective “truths” while competing with the subjective experiences afforded by social relations with local communities.
|
2022-10-30T16:56:55.461Z
|
253,825,409 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.53350/pjmhs22169798",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Goal: To identify the characteristics, outcomes and treatment options of odontogenic infections through a retrospective analysis of cases treated for odontogenic abscess. Place and Duration: In the Oral and Maxillofacial department of Cat D Hospital Gara Tajik Peshawar for the duration from June 2021 to November 2021. Methods: A total of 80 patients were included in this study. Age, gender, affected facial spaces, affected teeth, the type of antibiotic therapy, hospital stays, previous medication, past medical history and body temperature during the admission were the studied variables. Results: Patients' age ranged from 5-85 years, and 42.4% of those who had an odontogenic infection were under 35. Most patients had body temperatures between 37 to 37.5 °C. The mandibular third molars are the most affected teeth. The 7.5% of the mandibular molars were most severely affected among children. 37.5% of patients have 1-44 days stay in hospital. The most often found bacterial strain was streptococci. The commonly involved space was the buccal space, 10 patients have Ludwig's angina and 48.8% multi-space involvement. Penicillin G with metronidazole or metronidazole and cefazoline were the most often prescribed antibiotic combinations. The 2.5% was the mortality rate and all cases have Ludwig's angina. Conclusions: The submandibular and buccal spaces are the main affected facial spaces. Penicillin, the most widely used antibiotic, has been proven to be successful in treating infections of the jaw. Odontogenic abscesses are most frequently linked to the eruption of the mandibular molars. Keywords: Abscess, Infection, and Antibiotics
|
2022-11-24T17:25:19.640Z
|
45,523,030 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1017/S0031819100018593",
"MAG": "2145968743",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
THIS small book is a model of its kind, providing, as it does, an excellent summary of the existing knowledge of animal behaviour, and being full of suggestions with regard to further profitable experimentation. But it is more than a pleasantly written resume, compiled by a man who obviously knows his subject and is intrigued by the many problems in this field which seem to defy human understanding. It is a challenge to zoologists.The Behaviour of Animals: an Introduction to its Study.By Dr. E. S. Russell. Pp. viii + 184 + 6 plates. (London: Edward Arnold and Co., 1934.) 10s. 6d. net.
|
2022-12-04T00:27:03.592Z
|
109,840,118 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ISEMC.1991.148242",
"MAG": "1984239805",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Measurements were made on three cables in the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) testbed aircraft (EMPTAC) using the horizontally polarized dipole (HPD) and TRESTLE EMP simulators as well as the random repetitive square-wave pulse generator (R/sup 2/SPG) and a damped sine-wave generator. The currents were analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. The R/sup 2/SPG produced a greater induced current, by a factor of 4 to 60, than either of the EMP simulators. The pulsewidths and the frequency content were similar for all of the test points obtained with the R/sup 2/SPG and EMP simulators, and, by careful selection of the charge and feed cables, cold be made essentially identical. This confirms the assumption that the R/sup 2/SPG excited the cable system at its resonant frequency. The amplitudes of the R/sup 2/SPG and the damped sine-wave generator were closer to each other in both the time and frequency domains. The damped sine-wave generator was able to couple more energy to the cable when the lowest carrier frequencies (0.1 and 1 MHz) were used. On the other hand, the damped sine-wave current transient had a much narrower bandwidth than the R/sup 2/SPG-induced current transient. Thus the R/sup 2/SPG waveform was much more suitable for upset testing than the damped sine-wave.<<ETX>>
|
2022-12-19T18:58:12.170Z
|
16,532,700 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/01.PSY.0000097338.75454.29",
"MAG": "1974894193",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Objective To determine if inducing self-blame would lead to increases in shame and guilt as well as increases in proinflammatory cytokine activity and cortisol. Based on previous research and theory, it was hypothesized that induced shame would be specifically associated with elevations in proinflammatory cytokine activity. Materials and Methods Healthy participants were randomly assigned to write about traumatic experiences in which they blamed themselves (N = 31) or neutral experiences (N = 18) during three 20-minute experimental laboratory sessions over 1 week. Tumor necrosis factor-&agr; receptor levels (sTNF&agr;RII), an indicator of proinflammatory cytokine activity, &bgr;2-microglobulin, cortisol (all obtained from oral fluids), and emotion were assessed prewriting and postwriting. Results Participants in the self-blame condition showed an increase in shame and guilt as well as an increase in sTNF&agr;RII activity when compared with those in the control condition. Cortisol and &bgr;2-microglobulin levels were unaffected by the procedures. Those individuals in the self-blame condition reporting the greatest increases in shame in response to the task showed the greatest elevations in proinflammatory cytokine activity, while levels of guilt and general negative emotion were unrelated to cytokine changes. Conclusion These data suggest that inducing self-related emotions can cause changes in inflammatory products, and that shame may have specific immunological correlates.
|
2022-12-21T09:04:38.600Z
|
226,927,027 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.17076/ECO1083",
"MAG": "2948233626",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The patterns of heavy metals (HM) accumulation in fish from lakes of the Murmansk Region within the Green Belt of Fennoscandia (GBF) exposed to long-term air-borne pol-lution associated with the operation of a non-ferrous metal processing enterprise have been studied. The detrimental effects of air-borne water pollution from the Kola GMK mine and smelter do not depend on the dominant wind directions. The reduction in emis-sions from the Nickel site of the Kola GMK in the past decades has not led to a significant decrease in the level of anthropogenic load. On the contrary, a long-term upward trend is observed in the content of Cu in the organs of whitefish, char, pike and perch in all the lakes studied. The accumulation of Cu and Ni in fish target organs tended to decrease along the distance gradient from the source of pollution. The revealed pattern is con-sistent with the intensity of pathologies development in whitefish organs. The common whitefish (Coregonuslavaretus(L., 1758)) is the most reliable test object that reflects the degree of pressure from long-term exposure to HM. The size of the catchment area is supposed to predetermine the intensity and rate of HM accumulation in fish organisms. The cumulative effect of persistent anthropogenic HM load on waterbodies in the study area, climate change processes, and man-induced eutrophication of waters can show in a decline in the biological diversity of the fish fauna in GBF, reduction in the number of valuable fish species. The identified patterns can be used in assessing the state both of existing and planned protected areas inside GBF.
|
2022-02-07T23:43:01.681Z
|
1,660,732 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/GCCE.2017.8229444",
"MAG": "2779422483",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The aim of this research is developing a system that estimates the direction of users by attaching multiple antennas to users. We proposed the method of direction estimation using RSSI of multiple XBees antennas attached to the helmet as a wearable device. In this study, we used a bucket filled with water to simulate the human head and confirmed that direction estimation is sufficiently possible. The result suggests that it is possible to estimate the direction when the antenna is attached on the helmet.
|
2022-04-10T15:09:16.246Z
|
245,107,128 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.46281/ijibfr.v8i1.1479",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.cribfb.com/journal/index.php/ijibfr/article/download/1479/1085"
}
|
This research aims to determine the viability for the operation of Islamic banks within the Omani banking system. By looking into various opportunities for Islamic banking in Oman and given the unique rules on transactions (fiqh muamalat) of Islamic banking based on the Shariah precepts or the so-called Islamic law. As the establishment of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is rapidly growing in Oman, many SMEs can draw support from Islamic banks. The study used a mixed method approach to answer the research questions. Do the participants patronize Islamic banking over conventional banking?. The study compared both conventional and Islamic Banking. The population of the study represented bank officers, bank employees and customers. The sample of the study (n=100) participated in the survey. Another selected sample participated in interviews. Findings revealed different views over Islamic banking. Islamic banking is careful to provide products and services. Also, they are found to be capable of offering products and processes that answers the need of certain aspects with a risk management framework that is distinct from what normal banking provides. The study findings support the need for Islamic banking systems as it would be easier to spread Islamic banking and financing.
|
2022-06-12T18:46:45.186Z
|
71,830,105 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/CPM.0b013e3181c79533",
"MAG": "2045014553",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It has been well established that flexible bronchoscopy and topical anesthesia can cause a decline in lung function, including a temporary reduction in FEV1 in normal patients and those with lung obstruction. Pulmonologists are asked frequently to evaluate and bronchoscope patients with very severe lung obstruction. We performed a literature search to evaluate the myth that flexible bronchoscopy is unsafe for patients with very severe lung obstruction. Myth: Flexible bronchoscopy is unsafe and should not be performed in patients with severe obstructive lung disease as defined by a Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1) of <35% predicted.
|
2022-08-31T10:43:26.896Z
|
112,039,223 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1115/2001-GT-0300",
"MAG": "2312459419",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In a twin-spool jet engine the HP-compressor experiences a rotating inlet distortion if rotating stall in the upstream LP-compressor occurs. This destabilizing effect on the compressor operating behavior may lead to HP-compressor instabilities like rotating stall or surge. In order to investigate this specific type of unsteady inlet distortion a 5-stage HP-compressor is operated with a newly developed high rotation speed distortion generator in the inlet duct. It produces a rotating inlet distortion with up to 65% of the compressor design speed rotating clockwise or counterclockwise with the compressor rotor. Kulite pressure sensors as well as hot-wire probes are installed to resolve the unsteady character of the inlet distortion, to define the compressor map and to analyse the stall inception process. Describing the rotating inlet distortion and its influence on the compressor operating behavior will be the major objective of this paper. In the experiment the distortion speed of an inlet distortion rotating clockwise with the compressor rotor is varied at different compressor speeds and the effects on the surge margin are analysed.Copyright © 2001 by ASME
|
2022-09-09T07:30:55.198Z
|
252,844,100 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1089/mdr.2022.0134",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes several serious health problems and numerous forms of virulence. During the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections, the development of multidrug-resistant isolates creates significant clinical problems. Using antivirulence compounds to disrupt pathogenicity rather than killing the bacterium may be an interesting strategy to overcome this problem, because less harsh conditions will exist for the development of resistance. To reduce pathogenicity and biofilm formation, newly synthesized analogs of imidazolyl (8n) and previously synthesized analogs (8a-8m) with a similar backbone [the 5-(imidazolyl-methyl) thiazolidinediones] were tested against pyoverdine and pyocyanin production, protease activity, and biofilm formation. Compared to the positive control group, the best compounds reduced the production of pyoverdine (8n) by 89.57% and pyocyanin (8i) by 22.68%, and protease activity (8n) by 2.80% for PAO1 strain, at a concentration of 10 μM. Moreover, the biofilm formation assay showed a reduction of 87.94% (8i) for PAO1, as well as 30.53% (8d) and 44.65% (8m) for 1074 and 1707 strains, respectively. The compounds used in this study did not show any toxicity in the human dermal fibroblasts and 4T1 cells (viability higher than 90%). The in silico study of these compounds revealed that their antivirulence activity could be due to their interaction with the PqsR, PqsE, and LasR receptors.
|
2022-10-13T16:11:02.949Z
|
98,002,044 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1006/JCAT.1994.1005",
"MAG": "2060489588",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The formation of acetates by the dissociation of acetic acid on the clean Rh(111) surface and by reactions of acetic acid, acetaldehyde, and ethanol with preadsorbed oxygen atoms was examined using HREELS and TPD. Acetate intermediates were identified by the characteristic vibrations of the O-C-O moiety symmetrically bonded to the surface via both oxygen atoms. Acetates formed from acetic acid on the clean Rh(111) surface decomposed via two pathways. C-O scission by 278 K released adsorbed carbon monoxide and atomic oxygen; decarboxylation at 372 K liberated carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Acetates were formed after the adsorption of both ethanol and acetaldehyde on the Rh(111)-(2 x 2)O surface, as well as after the adsorption of acetic acid. For the alcohol and the aldehyde, the adsorbed intermediate involved in the reaction with atomic oxygen was likely [eta][sup 2](C,O)-acetaldehyde. For acetic acid on the Rh(111)(2 x 2)O surface, acetates were formed via direct transfer of the acid hydrogens to the surface oxygen atoms to form surface hydroxyls. When oxygen atoms were present on the surface, the only pathway for acetate decomposition was decarboxylation at 430 K. Thus coadsorbed oxygen atoms provide significant stabilization of acetates on Rh(111), as previously observed for formates onmore » the same surface. In the presence of adsorbed oxygen, a portion of the methyl groups of surface acetates was oxidized to CO at temperatures below those expected for reactions of atomic carbon and oxygen species. This observation suggests that oxygen intervenes in the acetate decomposition pathway prior to the complete fragmentation of these intermediates. 63 refs., 11 figs., 10 tabs.« less
|
2022-12-03T14:24:21.235Z
|
236,284,452 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21203/RS.3.RS-565180/V1",
"MAG": "3169646957",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Our purpose was to assess the ability of photoacoustic imaging (PAI) to objectively predict ischemic intestinal pathological damage during surgery for acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI). PAI uses laser light to detect relative amounts of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in intestinal tissue. In 18 rats, AMI was induced by clamping the mesenteric and marginal vessels of the ileum for 0 minutes in the sham group (n = 6), 30 minutes in the mild group (n = 6), and 180 minutes in the severe group (n = 6). After 60 minutes of reperfusion, the damage of the intestine was evaluated pathologically. Oxygenation of the intestine was monitored throughout the procedure in real time by the PAI system and compared between the mild and severe groups. All rats showed irreversible (i.e. transmucosal or transmural infarction) damage in the severe group. After reperfusion, the oxygenation in the mild group recovered immediately and was significantly higher than in the severe group at 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 minutes (P = .007, 014, 016, 008, and 003, respectively). Oxygenation showed a significant strong negative correlation with the pathological severity. In conclusion, PAI could objectively predict irreversible ischemic damage immediately after reperfusion, which potentially prevents inadequate surgery.
|
2022-12-10T09:35:06.556Z
|
100,613,716 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/OM200361M",
"MAG": "2323573277",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The peralkylated magnesium complex Mg(AlMe4)2 reacts with bis-N,N′-diimine PhCH═NCH2CH2N═CHPh to yield the compound [PhCH(Me)NCH2CH2N═CHPh]Mg(AlMe4)(AlMe3), via an alkyl migration. Such a 1,2-addition of the Mg–CH3 moiety to the unsaturated N═C imino group is also observed for [MgMe2], affording dimagnesium complex [{PhCH(Me)NCH2CH2N═CHPh}Mg(Me)]2. In contrast, treatment of PhCH═NCH2CH2N═CHPh with AlMe3 gives the donor-adduct [PhCH═NCH2CH2N═CHPh][(AlMe3)2]. Based on these distinct reactivities a plausible reaction mechanism for the formation of [PhCH(Me)NCH2CH2N═CHPh]Mg(AlMe4)(AlMe3) is proposed. Donor-adduct formation is also observed when the perethylated barium aluminate [Ba(AlEt4)2]n is reacted with a β-diimine, affording the complex [Ba(AlEt4)2(PhC═NCH2CH2N═CPh)]n. The scope of this reaction behavior was further investigated by reacting Mg(AlMe4)2, AlMe3, and [MgMe2] with β-diimines bearing substituted phenyl rings. Neither the ortho-methyl- nor the meta-tert-butyl-disubstituted proligands show any r...
|
2022-12-13T05:28:21.527Z
|
244,501,739 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21608/shedet.004.04",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://shedet.journals.ekb.eg/article_87828_e009cfa17b0615338b46f389172fe214.pdf"
}
|
This article deals with publication of three unpublished incomplete limestone stelae from Ihnasya El-Medina necropolis. The first stela was found in 2010, during work digging for a water-pipe project at the depth of five meters underground in front of El-Masharka district. The second and the third stelae were found by some thieves in the region of Ihnasya city. The police officers found two stelae and filed the report under the misdemeanor number 4083/Ihnasya 2009. These stelae were dedicated to the gods Osiris and Anubis; and are now preserved in Ihnasya El-Medina Magazine. Publishing these three stelae in one article due to that they are from one area, and it seems that they have the same type. صخلملا ةلمتكم ریغ تاحول ةثلاث ةساردو رشن ثحبلا اذھ لوانتی تدجو .ةنیدملا ایسانھإ ةنابج نم ،يریجلا رجحلا نم ماع يف يلولاا ةحوللا 2010 بیبانأ عورشم رفح ءانثأ .ةكرشملا ةقطنم مامأ ،راتمأ ةسمخ يلاوح قمع يلع ،هایملا امأ راثلاا صوصل ضعب اھفشتكإ ،ةثلاثلاو ةیناثلا ناتحوللا كلذو ةطرشلا طابض مھدجو دقو .ةنیدملا ایسانھإ ةقطنم يف مقر رضحملا يف ةطرشلا ریرقتل ً اقفو 4083 ماعل ایسانھإ / 2009 ،ریزوأ تادوبعملا يلإ تاحوللا هذھ تسرك دقو . نیدملا ایسانھإ نزخم يف ةظوفحم ً اعیمج يھو ،سیبونأو .ة نلأ ً ارظن ،ةدحاو لاقم يف تاحوللا هذھ ةاسردو رشن يتأیو ایسانھإ ةنابج يھو ةدحاو ةنابج نم اوتآ تاحول ثلاثلا .تاحوللا نم عونلا سفن يلإ تاحوللا يمتنتو ،ةنیدملا
|
2022-01-27T03:21:27.754Z
|
164,659,920 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/073953291403500211",
"MAG": "2581016731",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dean Starkman, The Watchdog That Didn't Bark: The Financial Crisis and the Disappearance of Investigative Journalism (New York: Columbia Journalism Review Books, 2014). Hardcover, 368 pages, $24.95Review by Marc EdgeDean Starkman has arguably emerged as one of the most incisive contemporary analysts of the news media business through his articles in the Columbia Journalism Review. As editor of CJR's business news section The Audit, he has trenchantly dissected some of journalism's most pressing modern issues. His "Hamster Wheel" article in 2010 pointed to the do-more-with-less meme sweeping the news business as a result of the recent recession and a growing "digital first" focus. The following year, he caused no small amount of consternation with his article "Confidence Game," which outed what he called the Future of News (FON) consensus. He argues that the digital gurus pushing the FON consensus, mostly Big Apple academics, have played right into the hands of an increasingly corporate media ownership by justifying reckless and unnecessary cuts in newsroom staffing and thus marginalizing reporting in the public interest. Best of all, Starkman's analysis is usually delivered in a freewheeling, rollicking style, more so in his magazine articles than in his new book, The Watchdog That Didn't Bark, which is written in a more straight-forward, restrained style. In it, Starkman combines the Hamster Wheel and FON perspectives by examining how business journalism failed to investigate and hold accountable Wall Street banks and sub-prime mortgage lenders in the years leading up to the 2008 financial crisis. He does so by counterpoising the accountability reporting pioneered by muckrakers, whose journalism reined in the robber barons a century ago, with the access reporting more typical today, as exemplified by what he calls the "CNBCization" of business news. "What journalism was able to do in 1903 it could not muster in 2003," Starkman writes. "And that's tragic."CNBC is hardly the sole culprit in the demise of accountability reporting on business, according to Starkman. He takes a methodically historical approach in showing how the Wall Street Journal, from its founding in 1889 by Charles Dow and Edward Jones, ebbed and flowed from access reporting to accountability reporting and back again. Its purchase in 1902 by Clarence Barron led to some of the worst journalistic excesses of the Roaring '20s,and its newsroom corruption even became a subject of post-crash Senate hearings. Bernard Kilgore helped revive the Journal's fortunes as managing editor in the 1940s by emphasizing narrative journalism, and this long-form accountability reporting set the industry standard for decades. Since its purchase by Rupert Murdoch in 2007, however, the Journal has fallen back into mostly access reporting, according to Starkman, with a focus on merger and acquisition scoops at the expense of the investigative journalism, loudly disdained by its new proprietor. …
|
2022-02-08T20:20:24.316Z
|
169,712,182 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5465/255348",
"MAG": "2796011838",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
In response to an earlier article in this journal by Eugene Mccann titled “An Aspect of Management Philosophy in the United States and Latin America,” the article discusses management in Latin Amer...
|
2022-02-08T17:43:56.622Z
|
198,020,252 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22363/2313-2329-2019-27-1-63-71",
"MAG": "2949224713",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://journals.rudn.ru/economics/article/download/21301/17030"
}
|
The main approaches to understanding the essence of “stability of banking system” are conducted in the article. The basic principles are also given, inherent in a stable banking system. Further, the main factors affecting the stability of the banking system are considered. The article determined the components of ensuring the assessment of the bank’s financial stability. The basic principles of effective banking supervision are the actual minimum standard for prudent regulation and supervision of banks and banking systems. Initially issued by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in 1997, they are used by countries as a guide to assess the quality of their surveillance systems and to determine future work towards achieving a basic level of rational oversight practices. The core principles are also used by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank in the context of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) to assess the effectiveness of banking supervisory systems and country practices.
|
2022-09-30T01:12:42.410Z
|
16,552,692 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/1882362.1882414",
"MAG": "2061713319",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Research into how humans interact with computers has a long and rich history. Only a small fraction of this research has considered how humans interact with computers when engineering software. A similarly small amount of research has considered how humans interact with humans when engineering software. For the last forty years, we have largely taken an artifact-centric approach to software engineering research. To meet the challenges of building future software systems, I argue that we need to balance the artifact-centric approach with a human-centric approach, in which the focus is on amplifying the human intelligence required to build great software systems. A human-centric approach involves performing empirical studies to understand how software engineers work with software and with each other, developing new methods for both decomposing and composing models of software to to ease the cognitive load placed on engineers and on creating computationally intelligent tools aimed at focusing the humans on the tasks only the humans can solve.
|
2022-11-13T02:30:39.595Z
|
253,862,430 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/14614448221135879",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Utilizing the #MeToo movement as its case, this article examines celebrities’ symbolic power using social media’s connectivity to enlarge the impact of social causes. This article adopts social network analysis as the primary method to explore the relationship between two #MeToo networks and media coverage regarding celebrities’ roles. Based on theories of social capital and celebrity capital, the results of this article find that famous people’s symbolic power in one social field can transfer into the social activism field through investment in their celebrity capital and social capital.
|
2022-11-25T17:46:00.327Z
|
123,084,404 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01621459.1976.10480356",
"MAG": "2100911240",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Abstract Four new methods for classification of multivariate binary data are presented, based on an orthogonal expansion of the density in terms of discrete Fourier series. The performance of these methods in 11 populations of various structures was measured in terms of mean error of misclassification and was compared to three well-known methods. Also, performance in density estimation was measured for the appropriate methods. In general, the new methods seem to be superior for classification as well as for density estimation.
|
2022-11-26T20:26:40.876Z
|
46,050,822 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1161/01.CIR.0000151805.86933.35",
"MAG": "2026231330",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Received March 16, 2004; revision received July 23, 2004; accepted September 30, 2004.
With improving survival, the heart transplant recipient faces an increasing number of medical problems caused by both aging and the cumulative complications of immunosuppressive drugs.1 The availability of new drugs to treat infection, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, renal insufficiency, diabetes, osteoporosis, gout, and malignancies has resulted in the heart transplant recipient and their physicians facing an almost overwhelming number of important drug–drug interactions. In parts 1 through 3 of this series, we reviewed commonly used immunosuppressive drugs and their pharmacology, as well as the common medical problems faced by the heart transplant recipient. In this article, we provide an overview of the mechanisms of common and important potential drug–drug interactions and guidelines for avoiding these interactions.
The risk for drug–drug interactions is increased by advanced age, polypharmacy, medications with a narrow therapeutic index, or medications requiring intensive monitoring. All of these factors except advanced age are present in the heart transplant recipient. A 10-fold interpatient variability may exist in the magnitude of a drug interaction resulting from patient-related and drug-related factors.2
Patient-related factors predisposing to drug interactions include concomitant diseases, genetics, diet, and environmental exposures. For example, commonly used immunosuppressants, antifungal agents, and lipid-lowering medications are metabolized through the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system and effluxed from cells by the multiple drug resistance transporter protein p-glycoprotein (P-gp). Both systems are found in the liver and gastrointestinal tract and exhibit genetic polymorphism.2 The CYP450 enzymes belong to a superfamily of oxygenases; the primary purpose of these oxygenases is to add a functional group to a drug to increase its polarity and to promote its excretion from the body. If enzymes possess >40% homology, they are grouped together into families designated by an Arabic numeral (eg, the …
|
2022-12-16T00:30:05.996Z
|
220,599,165 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acsomega.0c02742",
"MAG": "3040006456",
"PubMedCentral": "7364851"
},
"license": "acs-specific: authorchoice/editors choice usage agreement",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.0c02742"
}
|
Bipolar plates, accounting for a large proportion of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), are highly susceptible to corrosion by H+, SO42–, and so on because of the strong acid-rich and oxygen/hydrogen-rich environments. In this work, the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy bipolar plates modified in the cathodic environment of PEMFCs has been investigated. A honeycomb structure is constructed by anodizing on an aluminum alloy (AA5052) bipolar plate, and a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) film is prepared by infusing PAN solution on the surface. From scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, we observe that the porous structure of the aluminum alloy surface is more advantageous for enhancing the mechanical engagement between PAN and the aluminum alloy. Therefore, the PAN film is dense and smooth. Electrochemical tests confirm that the PAN film greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy bipolar plate under the cathodic environment of the PEMFC. When graphene oxide (GO) is added, the charge-transfer resistance (Rct) is not only improved but also the stability under oxygen-rich acidic conditions is prolonged.
|
2022-12-11T02:11:40.017Z
|
25,491,658 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1210/ENDO-125-3-1498",
"MAG": "1982635552",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
To assess a potential underlying rhythm in the sensitivity of the pregnant primate myometrium to oxytocin we infused five pregnant rhesus monkeys (gestational age, 121-142 days) with oxytocin at three different periods of the 24-h day, in the order night, afternoon, and morning, via the maternal inferior vena cava. Oxytocin was administered for 1 min every 5 min over 30 min at four doses 400, 800, 2000, and 4000 pg/min.kg. The response of the myometrium, evaluated as the number of contractions per pulse of oxytocin, was greatest in the early hours of darkness. Studies in three additional monkeys in which the order of the oxytocin challenge tests was changed, again showed that the response to oxytocin was greatest in the hours of darkness. We conclude that an underlying, as yet undefined, rhythm exists in the sensitivity of the pregnant primate myometrium to oxytocin at different times of the 24-h day. This change in myometrial sensitivity may be due to variation in one or more of the many potential regulatory sites of oxytocin's action at the cellular level. We hypothesize that this difference in myometrial sensitivity to oxytocin plays a role in the switch from myometrial contractures to contractions that occurs around the hours of darkness, e.g. postsurgery, during food withdrawal, and before delivery.
|
2022-12-11T22:47:59.991Z
|
143,901,539 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1559-1816.1995.TB01595.X",
"MAG": "2005218763",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
A global self-orientations model of the relationship between subjective physical attractiveness and personality is described and tested. This model, which proposes that self-esteem and two types of social desirability (self-presentation and self-deception) are causal antecedents in the self-rated looks-personality link, was supported in two studies. In Studies 1 (n= 243 females) and 2 (n= 160 males), self-esteem and social desirability independently had an impact on self-judgments of both physical attractiveness and personality, and statistically controlling for the impact of the global self-orientations substantially reduced the covariation between subjective attractiveness and personality scores. In addition, consistent with previous research, self-rated attractiveness was found to be significantly correlated with a wider range of personality attributes than was objective attractiveness.
|
2022-12-19T23:45:48.248Z
|
207,429,266 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4049/jimmunol.1301828",
"MAG": "2147854121",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) inhibit proliferation of activated T cells, and IFN-γ plays an important role in this process. This IFN-γ–licensed veto property is IDO-dependent. To further decipher the mechanistic underpinnings of MSC veto function on T cells, we investigated the effect of MSCs and IFN-γ–licensed MSCs on T cell effector function as assayed by cytokine secretion of T cells. Although MSCs and IFN-γ–licensed MSCs inhibit T cell proliferation, only IFN-γ–licensed MSCs significantly inhibit Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2) production by T cells. Additionally, IFN-γ–licensed MSCs inhibit T cell degranulation as well as single, double, and triple cytokine–producing T cells. Although IFN-γ–licensed MSCs upregulate their IDO activity, we found that MSC IDO catalytic function is dispensable with regard to MSC-driven inhibition of T cell effector function. Novel flow cytometry based functional screening of MSC-expressed, IFN-γ–licensed inhibitory molecules identified B7H1 and B7DC/PD1 pathways as essential effectors in blocking T cell function. Small interfering RNA–mediated blocking of B7H1 and B7DC reverses the inhibitory potential of IFN-γ–licensed MSCs on T cell effector function. Mechanistic analysis revealed that clustering of MHC and coinhibitory molecules are indispensable for the inhibitory effect of IFN-γ MSCs. Although exogenous IL-2 reverses B7H1-Ig–mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation, it does not affect the veto function of IFN-γ MSCs on both T cell proliferation and effector function. Our results reveal a new immunosuppressive property of IFN-γ–licensed MSCs that inhibits T cell effector function independent of IDO but through the ligands for PD1.
|
2022-12-28T05:51:12.557Z
|
7,826,650 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.18632/ONCOTARGET.1908",
"MAG": "2163431615",
"PubMedCentral": "4102805"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Survival of colorectal cancer patients is strongly dependent on development of distant metastases. S100A4 is a prognostic biomarker and inducer for colorectal cancer metastasis. Besides exerting intracellular functions, S100A4 is secreted extracellularly. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is one of its interaction partners. The impact of the S100A4-RAGE interaction for cell motility and metastasis formation in colorectal cancer has not been elucidated so far. Here we demonstrate the RAGE-dependent increase in migratory and invasive capabilities of colorectal cancer cells via binding to extracellular S100A4. We show the direct interaction of S100A4 and RAGE, leading to hyperactivated MAPK/ERK and hypoxia signaling. The S100A4-RAGE axis increased cell migration (P<0.005) and invasion (P<0.005), which was counteracted with recombinant soluble RAGE and RAGE-specific antibodies. In colorectal cancer patients, not distantly metastasized at surgery, high RAGE expression in primary tumors correlated with metachronous metastasis, reduced overall (P=0.022) and metastasis-free survival (P=0.021). In summary, interaction of S100A4-RAGE mediates S100A4-induced colorectal cancer cell motility. RAGE by itself represents a biomarker for prognosis of colorectal cancer. Thus, therapeutic approaches targeting RAGE or intervening in S100A4-RAGE-dependent signaling early in tumor progression might represent alternative strategies restricting S100A4-induced colorectal cancer metastasis.
|
2022-12-29T17:19:29.575Z
|
221,584,485 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/codi.12223",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
It was a late colleague of Gemellus, who, along with others, first showed how effective an enteral diet could be in the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD). Therefore, Gemellus was particularly interested to read a report from Sweden of the efficacy of an exclusive enteral nutritional (EEN) regime in children with this condition (Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2012; 47: 1454–1459). The researchers studied the intestinal microflora of 18 children (median age 13.5 years) before and after a 6-week course of EEN. These children were compared with 12 healthy teenagers. A standard polymeric liquid formulation (Nutrison Standard ; Nutricia, Stockholm, Sweden) was used and all other foodstuffs were restricted. The authors used the pattern of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the faeces to create both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory index scores. The results showed that 11 (79%) children with small bowel/colonic CD responded positively to EEN treatment and showed improved index scores. However, those patients with perianal CD alone showed no response at all. The researchers postulated that the change in the microflora afforded by the EEN diet is effective in the small bowel but is largely neutralized by the time it reaches the nether regions. Whatever the reality, EEN still has an important place in the treatment of little people with CD as steroids are so damaging to them.
|
2022-01-27T01:41:09.607Z
|
81,879,901 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1253/CIRCREP.CR-18-0026",
"MAG": "2911095626",
"PubMedCentral": "7890273"
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Please find supplementary file(s); http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-18-0026 I n patients with femoropopliteal chronic total occlusion (FP-CTO), intraluminal angioplasty (IA) is often substituted for by subintimal angioplasty (SA).1 The reason for these angioplasties demonstrating the same clinical results, however, is unclear. Here, we report the differences in the 2 procedures using high-resolution angioscopy with a 9,000-pixel imaging sensor. Figure shows intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and high-resolution angioscopy of SA (Figure A,B) and IA (Figure C,D) for FP-CTO. A high-resolution angioscopy movie showing pull-back from the distal FP-CTO after SA is given in Supplementary Movie 1, and that after IA is given in Supplementary Movie 2. We found that there were markedly fewer thrombi and dissections in vessels undergoing SA than in vessels undergoing IA. Less vessel damage caused by SA might contribute to the suppression of excessive healing processes after the Received December 12, 2018; accepted December 12, 2018; J-STAGE Advance Publication released online January 8, 2019 Time for primary review: 1 day Department of Cardiology, Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan Mailing address: Yuhei Nojima, MD, Department of Cardiovascular, Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital, 8-24 Hayashida-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8014, Japan. E-mail: yuheinojima@gmail.com ISSN-2434-0790 All rights are reserved to the Japanese Circulation Society. For permissions, please e-mail: cr@j-circ.or.jp High-Resolution Angioscopy After Subintimal vs. After Intraluminal Angioplasty for Femoropopliteal Chronic Total Occlusion
|
2022-02-11T02:21:38.406Z
|
123,270,639 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.626043",
"MAG": "2118237545",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
We have experimentally found that, for a communication system with many PDL and PMD components, the global PDL and the product of the maximum and minimum transmission coefficients (TmaxTmin) are wavelength dependent, even though they were treated as wavelength independent in the most of the simulations. At a given wavelength, however the PDL and PMD elements are concatenated, the global TmaxTmin of the system is equal to the products of the TmaxTmin of each comprising element.
|
2022-02-09T18:48:10.140Z
|
57,761,116 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": "1901.02989",
"DOI": "10.4271/12-03-03-0015",
"MAG": "3096055387",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "http://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.02989"
}
|
Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is an Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) that enables vehicle following with desired inter-vehicular distances. Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) is upgraded ACC that utilizes additional inter-vehicular wireless communication to share vehicle states such as acceleration to enable shorter gap following. Both ACC and CACC rely on range sensors such as radar to obtain the actual inter-vehicular distance for gap-keeping control. The range sensor may lose detection of the target, the preceding vehicle, on curvy roads or steep hills due to limited angle of view. Unfavourable weather conditions, target selection failure, or hardware issue may also result in target detection loss. During target detection loss, the vehicle following system usually falls back to Cruise Control (CC) wherein the follower vehicle maintains a constant speed. In this work, we propose an alternative way to obtain the inter-vehicular distance during target detection loss to continue vehicle following. The proposed algorithm integrates inter-vehicular communication, accurate vehicle localization, and a digital map with lane center information to approximate the inter-vehicular distance. In-lab robot following experiments demonstrated that the proposed algorithm provided desirable inter-vehicular distance approximation. Although the algorithm is intended for vehicle following application, it can also be used for other scenarios that demand vehicles' relative distance approximation. The work also showcases our in-lab development effort of robotic emulation of traffic for connected and automated vehicles.
|
2022-07-31T04:44:14.422Z
|
247,262,156 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1117/12.2611453",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
This paper builds a model for the benchmarking and the selection of a suitable LED for wireless optical communication, in particular for indoor LiFi Infrared or visible light communication. It reviews LED measurements and theoretical models for such trade-off and applies these into communication bit-rate throughput expressions. While illumination LEDs are chosen for a large quantum efficiency, for communications also a large 3 dB bandwidth is preferred. In the LED, electron hole pairs recombine radiatively (thereby emitting a photon) or non-radiatively (causing a leakage current and reducing EQE). Non-radiative recombination also contributes to the response speed of the LED and increases its 3 dB bandwidth. On the other hand, a reduction in effective optical power may counterproductively lead to an inadequate signal-to-noise ratio. A trade-off is postulated empirically, in the form of a rule of thumb: “transmit power raised to the power alpha times bandwidth raised to the power one minus alpha” appears to be an LED constant. This semi-empirical model gives straight lines on a log-log scale. This paper searches for a theoretical justification for such a model, where current density acts as a parameter to make the trade-off. According to communication theory, the achievable bit rate grows approximately linearly with an increasing bandwidth but approximately logarithmically with the received energy per bit. However, this needs to be reviewed for a gentle low pass roll-off of the LED response, as it allows modulation far beyond the 3 dB bandwidth. These lead to a perspective on how to operate the LED: a system design faces the challenge to trade-off power versus bandwidth according to the physics LED properties, to optimize a communication throughput target.
|
2022-08-24T20:09:24.214Z
|
51,822,995 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.5642/ALISO.19841004.05",
"MAG": "2617774566",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Although much work has been done on the family Polemoniaceae, most notably on experimental taxonomy, studies on the anatomy of the family have been remarkably few. Grant's (1959) summary of systematic work, as well as the compilation of Metcalfe and Chalk (1950) demonstrates the paucity of studies. No investigation of wood anatomy of Polemoniaceae has been generated since those summaries were prepared. To be sure, few studies on wood anatomy of predominantly herbaceous families have been done until the past two decades. Wood accumulation is limited in Polemoniaceae (Acanthogilia and Cantua are the only genera in which maximal stem diameter typically exceeds 2 cm). Therefore few specimens of polemoniaceous wood are present in wood collections, and data on wood anatomy are accordingly scanty. In addition, the woodier species of Polemoniaceae are mostly from the Cordilleran areas (often granitic zones) of North and South America, areas which have been little visited by those collecting wood samples or studying wood anatomy.
|
2022-11-17T16:11:55.113Z
|
252,464,792 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/jmri.28432",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
BACKGROUND
4D Flow MRI is a quantitative imaging technique to evaluate blood flow patterns; however, it is unclear how compressed sensing (CS) acceleration would impact aortic hemodynamic quantification in type B aortic dissection (TBAD).
PURPOSE
To investigate CS-accelerated 4D Flow MRI performance compared to GRAPP-accelerated 4D Flow MRI (GRAPPA) to evaluate aortic hemodynamics in TBAD.
STUDY TYPE
Prospective.
POPULATION
Twelve TBAD patients, two volunteers.
FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE
1.5T, 3D time-resolved cine phase-contrast gradient echo sequence.
ASSESSMENT
GRAPPA (acceleration factor [R] = 2) and two CS-accelerated (R = 7.7 [CS7.7] and 10.2 [CS10.2]) 4D Flow MRI scans were acquired twice for interscan reproducibility assessment. Voxelwise kinetic energy (KE), peak velocity (PV), forward flow (FF), reverse flow (RF), and stasis were calculated. Plane-based mid-lumen flows were quantified. Imaging times were recorded.
TESTS
Repeated measures analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients (r), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
RESULTS
The KE and FF in true lumen (TL) and PV in false lumen (FL) did not show difference among three acquisition types (P = 0.818, 0.065, 0.284 respectively). The PV and stasis in TL were higher, KE, FF, and RF in FL were lower, and stasis was higher in GRAPPA compared to CS7.7 and CS10.2. The RF was lower in GRAPPA compared to CS10.2. The correlation coefficients were strong in TL (r = [0.781-0.986]), and low to strong in FL (r = [0.347-0.948]). The ICC levels demonstrated moderate to excellent interscan reproducibility (0.732-0.989). The FF and net flow in mid-descending aorta TL were significantly different between CS7.7 and CS10.2.
CONCLUSION
CS-accelerated 4D Flow MRI has potential for clinical utilization with shorter scan times in TBAD. Our results suggest similar hemodynamic trends between acceleration types, but CS-acceleration impacts KE, FF, RF, and stasis more in FL.
EVIDENCE LEVEL
1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.
|
2022-11-27T18:05:04.858Z
|
10,150,481 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1152/ajpgi.00074.2016",
"MAG": "2391891625",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://www.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/ajpgi.00074.2016"
}
|
Abnormal glucose metabolism is present in almost 40% of patients after acute pancreatitis, but its pathophysiology has been poorly investigated. Pancreatic hormone derangements have been sparingly studied to date, and their relationship with abnormal glucose metabolism is largely unknown. The aim was to investigate the associations between pancreatic hormones and glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, including the effect of potential confounders. This was a cross-sectional study of 83 adult patients after acute pancreatitis. Fasting venous blood was collected from all patients and used for analysis of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide, amylin, somatostatin, C-peptide, glucose, and hemoglobin A1c. Statistical analyses were conducted using the modified Poisson regression, multivariable linear regression, and Spearman's correlation. Age, sex, body mass index, recurrence of acute pancreatitis, duration from first attack, severity, and etiology were adjusted for. Increased insulin was significantly associated with abnormal glucose metabolism after acute pancreatitis, in both unadjusted (P = 0.038) and adjusted (P = 0.001) analyses. Patients with abnormal glucose metabolism also had significantly decreased pancreatic polypeptide (P = 0.001) and increased amylin (P = 0.047) in adjusted analyses. Somatostatin, C-peptide, and glucagon were not changed significantly in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Increased insulin resistance and reduced insulin clearance may be important components of hyperinsulinemic compensation in patients after acute pancreatitis. Increased amylin and reduced pancreatic polypeptide fasting levels characterize impaired glucose homeostasis. Clinical studies investigating islet-cell hormonal responses to mixed-nutrient meal testing and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps are now warranted for further insights into the role of pancreatic hormones in glucose metabolism derangements secondary to pancreatic diseases.
|
2022-12-09T13:44:23.807Z
|
30,364,189 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.4081/MONALDI.2005.594",
"MAG": "2401428498",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
UNLABELLED
Patients affected by heart failure have a compromised quality of life (QOL) and in the last few years "health related quality of life" has become an important outcome indicator for the evaluation of heart failure treatment.
METHODS
Translation into Italian of the Left Ventricular Dysfunction Questionnaire (LVD-36), a new, 36-item, disease-specific health status instrument for patients with congestive heart failure, and its subsequent validation by administration to 50 consecutive patients in our heart failure outpatient clinic. The Italian LVD-36 was compared to the "The Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire" (MLHF).
RESULTS
The Italian version of the LVD-36 correlates well with MLHF for ejection fraction (EF), NYHA class I and II, etiology and therapy. Since, however, the LVD-36 has only one domain, it may be able to offer more synthetic information than MLHF about patients' status.
CONCLUSIONS
The Italian version of the LVD-36 appears to be a reliable instrument for assessing patients' QOL and the degree of limitations imposed on them by the disease. It is short, clear and easy to complete. In patients with heart failure the LVD-36 correlates well with the MLHF and may be considered a new disease-specific instrument to estimate changes in health status, and an useful support in optimizing therapeutic options.
|
2022-12-10T22:37:08.007Z
|
16,556,198 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1145/1348246.1348247",
"MAG": "2001668586",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Most contemporary Web frameworks may be classified as server-centric. An overview of such Web frameworks is presented. It is based on information gleaned from surveying 80 server-centric Web frameworks, as well as from popular related specifications. Requirements typically expected of a server-centric Web framework are discussed. Two Web framework taxonomies are proposed, reflecting two orthogonal ways of characterizing a framework: the way in which the markup language content of a browser-destined document is specified in the framework (presentation concerns); and the framework's facilities for the user to control the flow of events between browser and server (control concerns).
|
2022-12-17T23:04:17.309Z
|
33,259,566 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/acssynbio.7b00181",
"MAG": "2009890102",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Education. B.Sc. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel; M.Sc. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Advisors: Zvi Selinger and ChaimGilon; Ph.D. HebrewUniversity of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, Bioelectrochemistry, Advisor: Itamar Willner. Postdoctoral Studies: Genetic code expansion, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla CA, Advisor: Peter G. Schultz. Current Position. Associate Professor, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. Nonscientific Interests. Tracking, hiking, camping, biking, movies. Lital Alfonta’s research group is interested in finding the limits and the governing factors of the translational machinery in prokaryotes throughout evolution using synthetic biology tools. In addition, studying the interface between microorganisms and enzymes to electrodes is one of the major directions the group has been taking in recent years with aiming toward understanding electron transfer processes, and engineering enzymes and microorganisms for improved electron transfer. (Read Alfonta’s article DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.7b00019).
|
2022-12-30T00:21:37.363Z
|
94,099,950 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21236/ada059017",
"MAG": "1663801871",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
}
|
Abstract : Continuous, in situ rate measurements were employed to evaluate the influence of gas phase supersaturation on the gallium arsenide epitaxial growth kinetics relative to the extent of heterogeneous nucleation and extraneous deposition on fused silica. The resulting kinetic data permit establishment of the optimum conditions for selective epitaxial growth of gallium arsenide at subnormal temperatures using the classic gallium/arsenic trichloride/hydrogen chemical vapor deposition process. Specifically, the extent of extraneous deposition is minimized through the use of low arsenic partial pressures entering the source region or through the use of small source surface areas.
|
2022-02-10T16:32:02.127Z
|
129,083,545 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.15835/BUASVMCN-AGR:8756",
"MAG": "1863223777",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The Sasar River basin covers an area of 311 sq.km and it is situated in NW Romania. The investigated area is included, mainly, in the industrial area of the city of Baia Mare, an ar ea with ancient traditions related to the exploitation of non-ferrous ores. Therefore, the mining exploitation activities have created pressing conditions on the environmental and public health of the analyzed area.The dynamic indicators of water quality on specific toxic pollutants ( metals ) for the period 19982007 were analyzed in three sections located upstream and downstream from the industrial centers of Baia Sprie and Baia Mare.The analyses of the dynamics of heavy metals in the waters of the Sasar River have found that, the main issues are high Pb and Cu indicators for the upstream section of Baia Sprie; as for the section downstream of Baia Mare, the Zn, Cd and Mn indicators are found in such concentrations that their values determine a high level of toxicity for the monitoring section.There is a clear reduction trend in specific toxic pollutants for the upstream section of Baia Sprie. Special problems continue to be reported for zinc, cadmium, manganese and lead, for the sections downstream of Baia Mare and upstream from the confluence of the Sasar and Firiza Rivers.
|
2022-05-13T00:36:20.220Z
|
251,292,567 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.56355/ijfrls.2022.1.1.0005",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://frontlinejournals.com/ijfrls/sites/default/files/IJFRLS-2022-0005.pdf"
}
|
Natural forest ecosystems provide services that contribute to human well-being such as food, medicines, fuel wood, fresh water and climate regulation. In spite of this, most natural forest ecosystems have been converted or modified into agricultural areas and other human land use to maximize single-purpose use. The objective of this study was to determine spatio-temporal pattern of land cover change in the study area from 1984 to 2019 in Sokoto-Rima River Basin. The methodologies used in the study area include GIS analysis for land use land cover mapping. The result shows that land-use change has taken place in the study area and that human activities had taken a considerable toll on the land-use change. From 1984 to 2019 forest area had decreased at the rates of 7.29% and 9.45%, while grass land increased by 6.69%, also farmland and built-up increase.
|
2022-08-26T13:57:14.272Z
|
210,900,582 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20964/2020.02.21",
"MAG": "2998336806",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.20964/2020.02.21"
}
|
AlCrN coatings are deposited on high-speed steel by a multi-arc ion plating technique at various N2 flow rates. The effects of N2 flow rate on microstructure, elemental composition, deposition rate and corrosion properties of the AlCrN coatings are investigated. The results indicate that the macroparticles and pits on the coating surfaces can be reduced with raising the N2 flow rate, so that the surfaces become flatter. For the N2 flow rate ranging from 300 to 500 sccm, the phases of the coatings are composed of intermetallic phase AlN and fcc-(Cr, Al) N with (111) preferred orientation, causing the decrease of growing tendency towards preferential orientation. Then with increasing the N2 flow rate to 700-900 sccm, the coatings exhibit a single (fcc) phase. In the case of 900 sccm, the corrosion resistance of AlCrN coated sample exhibits a improvement with the highest electrode potential and the lowest corrosion current density when compared with the other coated samples.After appropriately increasing the N2 flow rate, the AlCrN coating becomes a potential material for corrosion resistance.
|
2022-09-07T02:49:44.285Z
|
246,835,565 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21070/acopen.5.2021.2553",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.5.2021.2553"
}
|
This study aims to determine the Effect of Institutional Ownership, Company Size, Research And Development (R&D) on Extent Intellectual Capital Disclosure (Studies on High IC Intensive manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015-2018). The sampling method used is purposive sampling method. The number of companies sampled in this study are 12 High IC Intensive Manufacturing Companies Listed on the IDX for the 2015-2018 period. The data used is secondary data. The data analysis method used in this research is Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study indicate that institutional ownership has an effect on Extent Intellectual Capital Disclosure. Firm size has an effect on Extent Intellectual Capital Disclosure. Influential R&D Extent Intellectual Capital Disclosure. Institutional ownership, company size, research and development affect the Extent Intellectual Capital Disclosure.
|
2022-09-16T03:07:30.671Z
|
122,702,863 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/J.1365-2966.2008.13169.X",
"MAG": "2145973692",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
The properties of bipolar outflows depend on the structure in the environment as well as the nature of the jet. To help distinguish between the two, we investigate here the properties pertaining to the ambient medium. We execute axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations, injecting continuous atomic jets into molecular media with density gradients (protostellar cores) and density discontinuities (thick swept-up sheets). We determine the distribution of outflowing mass with radial velocity (the mass spectrum) to quantify our approach and to compare to observationally determined values. We uncover a sequence from clump entrainment in the flanks to bow shock sweeping as the density profile steepens. We also find that the dense, highly supersonic outflows remain collimated but can become turbulent after passing through a shell. The mass spectra vary substantially in time, especially at radial speeds exceeding 15 km s -1 . The mass spectra also vary according to the conditions: both envelope-type density distributions and the passage through dense sheets generate considerably steeper mass spectra than a uniform medium. The simulations suggest that observed outflows penetrate highly non-uniform media.
|
2022-12-16T20:37:54.519Z
|
158,614,226 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1108/MD-12-2016-0877",
"MAG": "2769467142",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to measure the impact of transformational leadership, entrepreneurial competence and technical competence on firm performance via innovativeness in owner-managed small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
Design/methodology/approach
Data were gathered from 178 owner-managers of SMEs operating in Malaysia using a self-report questionnaire. The data were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling.
Findings
The results show that, except in the link between transformational leadership and process innovativeness, all relationships linking transformational leadership, entrepreneurial and technical competence with innovativeness, and linking innovativeness with firm performance are significant.
Research limitations/implications
The self-report questionnaires that were administered to owner-managers of SMEs constitute a limitation for this research, as they may not always produce reliable and valid responses due to single informant response and common method bias.
Practical implications
The study findings have strong theoretical and managerial implications for owner-managed SMEs seeking to adopt the four core metrics, namely, transformational leadership, entrepreneurial competence, technical competence and innovativeness, as the management core, all of which are necessary for meaningful, sustainable, disruptive transformation to do well in business, even with limited resources.
Originality/value
The value of this study lies in its effort to focus on the core competence of owner-managed SMEs, which remains relatively underexplored in the context of developing countries. Moreover, little is yet known about their combined effects on firm performance.
|
2022-12-17T05:51:12.513Z
|
254,774,675 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.47218/jkpbl.v10i1.164",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://ejournal.pancabhakti.ac.id/index.php/jkpbl/article/download/164/85"
}
|
Anak yang dirawat di rumah sakit akan memperoleh tindakan dan perawatan sesuai dengan penyakit dan kebutuhan dasarnya. Salah satu tindakan yang rutin dilakukan adalah tindakan pemasangan infus yang menimbulkan nyeri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat nyeri pemasangan infus pada anak prasekolah yang dilakukan dan tidak dilakukan teknik distraksi visual kartu. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan case control design dimana pengukuran respon nyeri dilakukan terhadap 30 responden yang tebagi dalam dua kelompok yaitu kelompok yang diberi perlakuan teknik distraksi visual kartu dan kelompok yang tidak diberikan perlakuan teknik distraksi visual kartu. Peneliti menggunakan skala Wong Baker Pain Rating Scale untuk mengukur tingkat nyeri responden. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Mann Withney. Hasil yang didapatkan setelah diberikan teknik distraksi visual kartu pada 15 responden kelompok intervensi mengalami tingkat nyeri sedang dan ringan sementara pada 15 responden kelompok kontrol tidak diberikan intervensi tingkat nyerinya adalah kategori sedang dan berat, analisis lebih lanjut menggunakan uji statistik didapatkan p value 0,000 yang berarti terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara tingkat nyeri pemasangan infus dan tekhnik distraksi visual kartu. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan adalah bahwa teknik distraksi visual kartu mampu menurunkan tingkat nyeri anak usia prasekolah saat dilakukan tidakan pemasangan infus.
|
2022-12-19T08:25:35.744Z
|
251,711,646 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1101/2022.08.18.504375",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2022/08/18/2022.08.18.504375.full.pdf"
}
|
Background The domesticated turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) is a species of significant agricultural importance and is the second largest contributor, behind broiler chickens, to world poultry meat production. The previous genome is of draft quality and partly based on the chicken (Gallus gallus) genome. A high-quality reference genome of Meleagris gallopavo is essential for turkey genomics and genetics research and the breeding industry. Results By adopting the trio-binning approach, we were able to assemble a high-quality chromosome-level F1 assembly and two parental haplotype assemblies, leveraging long-read technologies and genomewide chromatin interaction data (Hi-C). These assemblies cover 35 chromosomes in a single scaffold and show improved genome completeness and continuity. The three assemblies are of higher quality than the previous draft quality assembly and comparable to the current chicken assemblies (GRCg6a and GRCg7). Comparative analyses reveal a large inversion of around 19 Mbp on the Z chromosome not found in other Galliformes. Structural variation between the parent haplotypes were identified in genes involved in growth providing new target genes for breeding. Conclusions Collectively, we present a new high quality chromosome level turkey genome, which will significantly contribute to turkey and avian genomics research and benefit the turkey breeding industry.
|
2022-08-26T14:19:43.307Z
|
132,572,111 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/2016GC006555",
"MAG": "2994087864",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dawsonite is often associated with CO2‐rich gas reservoirs, and it is regarded as a “trace mineral” for recording migration and accumulation of CO2. Following accepted petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical principles, we used several methods (described herein) to study the Cretaceous dawsonite‐bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Songliao Basin, China. We used the ideas of “sequencing” and “timing” to verify the influx stages of CO2 and hydrocarbons, dividing their influx sequence pattern and building a CO2‐influx timeframe. First, we determined the stable isotopic ratios of dawsonite and CO2 in gas and oil reservoirs, and found that the CO2 in? dawsonite is of a mantle‐derived magma origin. Second, we differentiated an early/late‐stage oil and gas influx and a midmantle source influx through the study of diagenetic paragenetic sequences, formation water, and fluid inclusions in the dawsonite‐bearing sandstones. Combining burial/thermal‐history curves and illite K‐Ar dates from the study area, we determined that the early‐stage oil and gas influx, late oil and gas influx, and medium CO2 influx occurred at 85–58.8 Ma, 41–20 Ma, and 58.8–41 Ma (Paleocene and Eocene), respectively. Finally, we observed a coupling relationship between CO2 influx and Shuangliao volcanic activities and material compositions, as constrained by volcanic activity history in the basin since the Late Cretaceous.
|
2022-09-01T21:51:24.348Z
|
229,502,302 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22059/JNE.2020.297011.1905",
"MAG": "3109773640",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
با توجه به اهمیت مسائل محیطزیستی در کنار ثبات اقتصادی و عدالت اجتماعی، مسأله پایداری در کشاورزی اهمیت یافته که از ارکان توسعه پایدار به شمار میآید. در این پژوهش پایداری اجتماعی، محیطزیستی و اقتصادی در مقیاس منطقهای در شهرستان گرگان با استفاده از روش تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره بررسی گردید. آمار و اطلاعات موردنیاز از مدیریت جهادکشاورزی شهرستان گرگان و تکمیل پرسشنامه از 110 کشاورز بهدست آمد. همچنین، برای وزندهی معیارها و زیرمعیارهای تعیینکننده پایداری از نظرات متخصصان محیطزیست، اقتصادکشاورزی، ترویج کشاورزی، گیاهپزشکی و زراعت استفاده شد. وزن معیارهای پایداری اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطزیستی بر اساس نظر متخصصان به ترتیب 35/0، 25/0 و 40/0 در پایداری کل در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج، شاخصهای کودها، آفتکشها، مصرف آب، ماشینآلات و سن کشاورزان اثر منفی و تحصیلات، اندازه خانوار، اشتغالزایی کشاورزی، ارزش و حاشیه ناخالص محصول اثر مثبت بر پایداری دارند. سیبزمینی با وزن 276/0 به عنوان محصول پایدارتر انتخاب شد. گندم، برنج و سویا به ترتیب با وزن 249/0، 245/0 و 23/0 در اولویتهای بعدی هستند. براساس معیارهای اجتماعی، محیطزیستی و اقتصادی به ترتیب، برنج با نمره 266/0،گندم با نمره 421/0 و سیب-زمینی با 412/0 بالاترین پایداری را داشتند. بعلاوه، پایداری محیطزیستی بیشتر از پایداری اقتصادی و اجتماعی است. بر اساس تحلیل حساسیت عملکرد، پایداری با افزایش وزن معیار محیطزیستی تا سطح 46/0 پایداری گندم افزایش خواهد یافت. همچنین، با افزایش وزن معیارهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی تغییری در اولویتبندی محصولات انجام نمیشود. براساس نتایج، پیشنهاد میشود برای افزایش پایداری ارقامی با عملکرد بالاتر برای محصولات و راهکارهای بیولوژیکی برای دفع آفات استفاده شود.
|
2022-01-24T18:36:38.775Z
|
55,343,484 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/EJIL/13.1.201",
"MAG": "1996284256",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Through an economic analysis of the work of the United Nations Compensation Commission (UNCC), this Comment seeks to understand better the process by which liability is imposed for losses caused by aggressive war. It concludes that a loss is appropriately compensable by an aggressor state if the war is a "but for" cause of the loss and ex ante the war increased the likelihood that the loss would occur. The loss need not be as foreseeable as in the law of negligence. The total amount of losses appropriately compensable under this standard may, however, exceed the maximum that is desirable or even practical to collect. Iraq involves such a shortfall. Collecting more would hinder its reintegration into the world community. Moreover, any increase in the UNCC tax rate on Iraq's oil revenues is likely to reduce, not enhance, total revenues because of the added disincentives to export. Because of this shortfall, the practice of denying Iraq formal access to UNCC proceedings involves no procedural unfairness. The UNCC is effectively only deciding who, among all claimants against Iraq, should receive money from a fixed, maximally extractable sum. UNCC decisions also violate no norm of substantive fairness. The money extracted by the UNCC and the economic effect of the more formal sanctions imposed on Iraq, while both burdens on the Iraqi people, do not raise comparable fairness issues. As a general matter, imposing the losses on the people of the aggressor state, even if onerous, is not more unfair than leaving them to be borne by the victims of the aggressive war. Moreover, payments to the UNCC are in essence a tax on Iraq's oil wealth, not on the fruits of the labour, skills and non-oil resources of the Iraqi people. Unlike the more formal sanctions, the UNCC payments simply deprive the Iraqi people of a portion of the good luck they had to have oil resources in the first place.
|
2022-03-16T08:57:18.308Z
|
86,481,617 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3923/BIOTECH.2004.200.204",
"MAG": "2115976608",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Studies on the removal of three basic dyes (Basic Blue 3, Basic Red 22, Basic Black 9) from aqueous solutions by adsorption on Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) biosolids (sludge) as an adsorbent were carried out with an aim to obtain information on treating effluents from textile and/or dye industries. A series of experiments were undertaken in a batch adsorption technique to access the effect of the process variables i.e. initial dye concentration, contact time, initial pH, adsorbent dose, temperature and agitation rate. The adsorption capacity of basic dyes was higher (22-24 mg gG1) with the lower values of the temperature (25-30°C), adsorbent dosage (0.5-0.75% w/v), higher values of the initial pH (8-9) and agitation rate (150-200 rpm). The equilibrium in the solution was observed within 2 h of operation. The equilibrium isotherm for each dye was determined to describe the biosorption processes. The results showed that the equilibrium data were fitted by both of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms while Freundlich isotherms was slightly better fitted for Basic Blue 3 and
Langmuir was for the Basic Black 9 in terms of regression coefficients (R2).
|
2022-08-20T05:10:43.477Z
|
84,888,309 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/01448765.2001.9754907",
"MAG": "2072345992",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
ABSTRACT Carrots were grown organically using different levels of green manure, and examined by means of biocrystallization and chemical analyses. Firstly, to determine the ability of the biocrystallization method to discriminate the effects of green manure treatments (10), harvest times (4) and years (2), based on visual scoring of the morphological feature crystal coordination. Secondly, to examine the relationship between the biocrystallization variable and 11 chemical variables: Ca, Mg, fructose, glucose, sucrose, β-carotene, vitamin C, dry matter, total-N, nitrate-N and total amino acids. The field trial was designed in order to generate a wide range in N-availability. The chemical variables showed systematic differences in physiological and qualitative properties among the carrot samples. The biocrystallization variable discriminated the factors treatment and year (p < 0.01), with identical patterns of discrimination among the two years, and discriminated minor differences among the harvest times (p ~ 0.05). The lowest levels of coordination were found in samples from near-N-depleted plots, and vice versa; however the overall linear relationship to N-availability and the N-related variables was weak. In conditional covariance analyses, involving all 12 variables, the biocrystallization variable was in both years conditionally correlated only with total amino acids. When including treatment as discrete variable, the biocrystallization variable was conditionally correlated only with this variable. It was concluded that the biocrystallization variable detected differences among the treatments which could not be explained solely by differences in the chemical variables.
|
2022-08-29T22:35:14.052Z
|
144,196,243 |
{
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1080/15456870802086945",
"MAG": "2005807448",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Interpersonal communication is sometimes defined quantitatively (i.e., discourse between 2 and 4 interactants), though it may be defined qualitatively: Unlike mass-mediated communication, which is characterized by interactant anonymity and interchangeability, interpersonal communication hinges on the once-occurrence and noninterchangeability—the existential particularity—of interactants and interaction. Accordingly, this article advances a communicological orientation toward interpersonal communication by focusing on those aspects and dimensions of communication that critically depend on the once-occurrence and noninterchangeability of interactants and their interaction. I begin by exploring some main obstacles to recognizing particularity. Next, I examine how agency and efficacy in interpersonal communication amount to reckoning with once-occurrence and noninterchangeability. Finally, I illustrate the vitality of particularity in two domains of interpersonal communication: face-to-face conversation and family bonds. Whether our theories comprehend the facts or not would seem to be of lesser moment than that they be simple enough for us to comprehend. Lee Thayer (1987, p. 227) In Greece, just as in philosophy's youth on the whole, the difficulty was to attain the abstract, to abandon existence, which continually yields the particular; now there is the opposite difficulty, to attain existence. Soren Kierkegaard (1992, p. 331)
|
2022-09-01T22:21:27.450Z
|
251,648,508 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fmolb.2022.854170",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9437278"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.854170/pdf"
}
|
Many eukaryotic and some bacterial RNAs are modified at the 5′ end by the addition of cap structures. In addition to the classic 7-methylguanosine 5′ cap in eukaryotic mRNA, several non-canonical caps have recently been identified, including NAD-linked, FAD-linked, and UDP-glucose-linked RNAs. However, studies of the biochemical properties of these caps are impaired by the limited access to in vitro transcribed RNA probes of high quality, as the typical capping efficiencies with NAD or FAD dinucleotides achieved in the presence of T7 polymerase rarely exceed 50%, and pyrimidine derivatives are not incorporated because of promoter sequence limitations. To address this issue, we developed a series of di- and trinucleotide capping reagents and in vitro transcription conditions to provide straightforward access to unconventionally capped RNAs with improved 5′-end homogeneity. We show that because of the transcription start site flexibility of T7 polymerase, R1ppApG-type structures (where R1 is either nicotinamide riboside or riboflavin) are efficiently incorporated into RNA during transcription from dsDNA templates containing both φ 6.5 and φ 2.5 promoters and enable high capping efficiencies (∼90%). Moreover, uridine-initiated RNAs are accessible by transcription from templates containing the φ 6.5 promoter performed in the presence of R2ppUpG-type initiating nucleotides (where R2 is a sugar or phosphate moiety). We successfully employed this strategy to obtain several nucleotide-sugar-capped and uncapped RNAs. The capping reagents developed herein provide easy access to chemical probes to elucidate the biological roles of non-canonical RNA 5′ capping.
|
2022-09-09T04:44:30.088Z
|
37,072,910 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2741/E238",
"MAG": "2335572732",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Rodents provide an excellent experimental model to study human placental development. In this review, our aim was to explain major events that underlie the placental development in mammals in general, and specifically in rodent. Those events include trophoblast cell proliferation, decidual reaction and contact between the mesenchyme of the allantois with ectoplacental cone, all orchestrated by activation of a series of genes. We also aimed to compare molecular and genetic events of rodent and human placentation. Employing the rodent placenta development model will yield better understanding of these processes in other mammals, especially in humans.
|
2022-12-11T07:43:02.301Z
|
23,028,966 |
{
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"DOI": "10.1097/00006842-199107000-00007",
"MAG": "2334113642",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
&NA; The forearm blood flow (FABF) and other cardiovascular responses of 20 black men with a parental history of hypertension were compared with the responses of 18 black men without a parental history of hypertension. The results showed that sons of hypertensive parents had higher systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure than sons of normotensive parents during the initial assessment as well as significantly higher self‐determined home SBP. Sons of hypertensive parents had higher SBP responses than sons of normotensive parents during mental challenge and the cold pressor, but there were no group differences in DBP, heart rate (HR), (FABF), or forearm vascular resistance (FAVR) responses to the stressors. Significant positive correlations between HR and FABF responses to the stressors were observed for sons of hypertensive parents. Finally, the results showed that the BP and FAVR responses to the cold pressor (a painful task that elicits alpha‐adrenergic activity) were significantly higher than responses to mental challenge (a task that elicits beta‐adrenergic activity) for both groups. The implications of these results are discussed in light of current research suggesting that blacks may have a greater tendency toward BP responses mediated by alpha‐adrenergic increases in vascular resistance.
|
2022-12-12T05:14:42.655Z
|
1,796,927 |
{
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03603.x",
"MAG": "2121932349",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Post‐kala‐azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a common complication following kala‐azar (visceral leishmaniasis). In a prospective study in a village in the endemic area for kala‐azar in the Sudan, 105 of 183 (57%) kala‐azar patients developed PKDL. There was a significantly higher PKDL rate (69%) in those who received inadequate and irregular treatment of kala‐azar than in those who were treated with stibogluconate 20 mg kg−1 daily for 15 days (35%). The group of patients who developed PKDL did not differ from those who did not develop PKDL with regard to age and sex distribution, reduction in spleen size, and conversion in the leishmanin skin test (LST). In a clinical study, 416 PKDL patients were analysed and divided according to grade of severity. Severe PKDL was more frequent in younger age groups (P < 0·001); there was an inverse correlation between grade and conversion in the LST (P < 0·01). In 16% of patients tested, parasites were demonstrated in inguinal lymph node or bone marrow aspirates, indicating still visceral disease (para‐kala‐azar dermal leishmaniasis); there was no correlation between the presence of parasites and grade of severity. Conversion rates in the LST were lower than in those who did not have demonstrable parasites (11% and 37%, respectively; P < 0·01). In the absence of reliable and practical diagnostic tests, PKDL may be diagnosed on clinical grounds and differentiated from other conditions, of which miliaria rubra was the most common. Differentiation from leprosy was most difficult.
|
2022-12-17T10:51:56.807Z
|
30,087,135 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/0953-8984/21/42/424101",
"MAG": "2060672646",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Many-body correlations in electrolyte systems are important when the electrostatic coupling and/or the volume fraction of ions are not low. Such correlations are ignored in the traditional theories of electrolytes based on the Poisson–Boltzmann approximation. In the general case, the ion density profiles (ion–surface correlation functions) and the ion–ion correlation functions in diffuse electric double layers are strongly interdependent. Both have to be included in the treatment of the system to capture many essential properties. In this work the coupling between the ion–ion and ion–surface correlations and effects of this coupling are illustrated explicitly and graphically (visually). The average forces that act on the ions in the double layer are analysed. This leads to an understanding of mechanisms in action in the inhomogeneous electrolyte near a surface. Charge separation in an electrolyte outside an uncharged surface and charge inversion of highly charged surfaces are thereby used as examples of what insights can be gained by this kind of approach. Some links to mechanisms behind like-charge attraction are also discussed.
|
2022-12-18T22:30:11.457Z
|
250,885,352 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.30.1333",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Dynamics of vesicle deformation in a pulsed electric field has been studied in the framework of perturbation theory. The membrane is assumed to be initially insulating and to become a conductor after a cerain period of time, tp, by electroporation. The dynamical behavior was found to be influenced not only by tp but also by the ratio of the conductivity inside the vesicle and that outside.
|
2023-01-01T16:29:34.161Z
|
231,970,466 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0243476",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "7894946"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0243476&type=printable"
}
|
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131517.].
|
2022-01-27T02:24:43.500Z
|
184,275,571 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780195315431.001.0001",
"MAG": "2496967109",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Water is thicker than blood : , Water is thicker than blood : , کتابخانه دیجیتال و فن آوری اطلاعات دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)
|
2022-02-08T12:00:00.601Z
|
157,169,820 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21831/economia.v12i1.9523",
"MAG": "2551806089",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/economia/article/download/9523/8143"
}
|
Abstrak: Pengaruh Manajemen Likuiditas, Manajemen Aset dan Manajemen Utang Terhadap Laba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan model regresi linier berganda yang dapat digunakan sebagai model penaksir terhadap laba. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap perusahaan porselin, keramik dan gelas yang listing di BEI pada periode 2009-2015, memunyai laporan keuangan auditan dan memeroleh laba selama periode tersebut. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover Ratio (TATO), dan Debt Ratio (DR). Ketiga variabel ini masing-masing digunakan sebagai proksi manajemen likuiditas, manajemen aset, dan manajemen utang. Sementara, Return on Assets Ratio (ROA) adalah variabel dependen yang digunakan sebagai proksi laba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen likuiditas, manajemen aset dan manajemen utang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap laba. Kata kunci: Current Ratio, Debt Ratio, Return on Asset, Total Asset Turnover Abstract: Effect of Liquidity Management, Asset Management and Liability Management on Profit. The purpose of this research is to propose a multiple linear regression model that can be used as a profit prediction model. The research was conducted to the porcelain, ceramic and glass companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period of 2009-2015. They had to have audited financial reports and make a profit over that period. In this research, the independent variables were Current Ratio (CR), Total Assets Turnover Ratio (TATO), and Debt Ratio (DR). These variables were used as proxy for liquidity management, asset management, and liability management. Meanwhile, Return on Assets ratio (ROA) was dependent variable used as a proxy for profit. The result showed that liquidity management, asset management and debt management have significant effect on profit. Keyword: Current Ratio, Debt Ratio, Return on Asset, Total Asset Turnover
|
2022-02-09T00:24:39.902Z
|
147,863,591 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3724/SP.J.1042.2014.00953",
"MAG": "2370328993",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
}
|
Action memory is a type of memory involved with better awareness and enactment. It not only emphasizes the influence of better awareness on memory, but also stresses the integration of physical enactment on memory. The early researches mainly paid attention on the action memory as well as the affected factors through the SPT paradigm, and proposed four theories to account for the enactment effect. However, all of the theories could not reveal the processing mechanism of action memory completely as each of the theories focused on the enactment effect from different angles. Some of empirical researches attempted to explore the mechanism of action memory from the source monitoring. But, the results did still not lead to an agreement so far.
|
2022-06-13T17:24:50.415Z
|
221,079,253 |
{
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1093/tbm/ibz122",
"MAG": "3047996180",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "pd",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://academic.oup.com/tbm/article-pdf/10/3/565/33585947/ibz122.pdf"
}
|
In Veterans Health Administration's (VA) Primary Care-Mental Health Integration (PC-MHI) models, primary care providers, care managers, and mental health clinicians collaboratively provide depression care. Primary care patients, however, still lack timely, sufficient access to psychotherapy treatment. Adapting PC-MHI collaborative care to improve uptake of evidence-based computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (cCBT) may be a potential solution. Understanding primary care-based mental health clinician perspectives is crucial for facilitating adoption of cCBT as part of collaborative depression care. We examined PC-MHI mental health clinicians' perspectives on adapting collaborative care models to support cCBT for VA primary care patients. We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with PC-MHI nurse care managers, licensed social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists in one VA health-care system. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, coded using the constant comparative method, and analyzed for overarching themes. Although cCBT awareness and knowledge were not widespread, participants were highly accepting of enhancing PC-MHI models with cCBT for depression treatment. Participants supported cCBT delivery by a PC-MHI care manager or clinician and saw it as an additional tool to engage patients, particularly younger Veterans, in mental health treatment. They commented that current VA PC-MHI models did not facilitate, and had barriers to, use of online and mobile treatments. If effectively implemented, however, respondents thought it had potential to increase the number of patients they could treat. There is widespread interest in modernizing health systems. VA PC-MHI mental health clinicians appear open to adapting collaborative care to increase uptake of cCBT to improve psychotherapy access.
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2022-06-24T21:01:11.552Z
|