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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Albright
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David Albright, M.Sc., is an American physicist and a weapons expert who is the founder of the non-governmental Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS), its current president, and author of several books on proliferation of atomic weapons. Albright holds a Master of Science in physics from Indiana University in 1980, Master of Science in mathematics from Wright State University in 1977 and a bachelor of science from Wright State University in 1975. He has taught physics at George Mason University in Virginia.
From 1990 to 2001, Albright was a member of the Colorado State Health Advisory Panel, participating in its assessment of the toxicological and radiological effects on the population near the Rocky Flats atomic weapons production site.
From 1992 to 1997, David Albright was associated with the International Atomic Energy Agency's Action Team. In June 1996, he was invited to be the first non-governmental inspector of Iraq's nuclear program and questioned Iraqi officials about that country's uranium enrichment program.
In 2001, Albright prepared an analysis, for CNN, of documents found in an abandoned Al Qaeda safe house in Kabul believed to have been used by Abu Khabbab, who they described as "Osama bin Laden's top chemical and biological weapons commander". Albright confirmed that the abandoned documents included plans for a nuclear bomb and extensive training notes on the handling of radiological material.
In September 2002, Albright and his organizati
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgy%20Golitsyn
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Georgy Sergeyevich Golitsyn () (born January 23, 1935 in Moscow) is a prominent Russian scientist in the field of Atmospheric Physics, full member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (later of Russia) since 1987, Editor-in-Chief of Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, , member of the Academia Europaea since 2000.
1990-2009 - Director of the A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, RAS, Moscow, Russia. He is a member of the princely house of Golitsyn. His father is the Russian writer Sergei Mikhailovich Golitsyn.
In the 1960s studied atmospheric circulation on other planets. In 1969 he predicted the small difference between nighttime and daytime temperature on Venus and its high wind velocities. He also developed a model for study of dust storms on Mars. He was also able to show that severe forest fires in Siberia in 1915 had caused global cooling.
Golitsyn is regarded by some in Russia as the author of the nuclear winter theory, which was also developed by Vladimir Alexandrov and G.I.Stenchikov and by the authors of the so-called TTAPS study. In 1982 he became aware of the work of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on the subject and attended the TTAPS review meeting with Alexandrov and Nikolai Moiseev in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in April 1983. He applied his model of dust storms to the situation that might follow a nuclear catastrophe and reported his findings at the first Meeting of the Committee of Soviet Scientists in Defence of Peace Against the Nu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCB
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ASCB may refer to:
Accreditation Service For Certifying Bodies (Europe)
Address Space Control Block
Advertising Standards Complaints Board
American Society for Cell Biology
Andres Soriano Colleges of Bislig
Army Sports Control Board
Associação dos Servidores Civis do Brasil (Association of Civil Servants in Brazil)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American%20Society%20for%20Cell%20Biology
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The American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) is a professional society that was founded in 1960.
History
On 6 April 1959 the United States National Academy of Sciences passed a resolution for the establishment of a "national society of cell biology to act as a national representative to the International Federation for Cell Biology".
The ASCB was first organized at an ad hoc meeting in the office of Keith R. Porter at Rockefeller University on May 28, 1960. In the 1940s, Porter was one of the first scientists in the world to use the then-revolutionary technique of electron microscopy (EM) to reveal the internal structure of cells. Other early ASCB leaders—George Palade, Don Fawcett, Hewson Swift, Arthur Solomon, and Hans Ris—also were EM pioneers. All early ASCB leaders were concerned that existing scientific societies and existing biology journals were not receptive to this emerging field that studied the cell as the fundamental unit of all life.
The ASCB was legally incorporated in New York State on July 31, 1961. A call for membership went out, enlisting ASCB's first 480 members. The first ASCB Annual Meeting was held November 2–4, 1961, in Chicago, where 844 attendees gathered for three days of lectures, slides, and movies showing cellular structure. The results of a mail ballot were read out and Fawcett was declared ASCB's first president.
The ASCB did not remain an EM society. New technologies and new discoveries in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and li
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relational%20quantum%20mechanics
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Relational quantum mechanics (RQM) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics which treats the state of a quantum system as being observer-dependent, that is, the state is the relation between the observer and the system. This interpretation was first delineated by Carlo Rovelli in a 1994 preprint, and has since been expanded upon by a number of theorists. It is inspired by the key idea behind special relativity, that the details of an observation depend on the reference frame of the observer, and uses some ideas from Wheeler on quantum information.
The physical content of the theory has not to do with objects themselves, but the relations between them. As Rovelli puts it:
"Quantum mechanics is a theory about the physical description of physical systems relative to other systems, and this is a complete description of the world".
The essential idea behind RQM is that different observers may give different accurate accounts of the same system. For example, to one observer, a system is in a single, "collapsed" eigenstate. To a second observer, the same system is in a superposition of two or more states and the first observer is in a correlated superposition of two or more states. RQM argues that this is a complete picture of the world because the notion of "state" is always relative to some observer. There is no privileged, "real" account.
The state vector of conventional quantum mechanics becomes a description of the correlation of some degrees of freedom in the observer, wi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power%20iteration
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In mathematics, power iteration (also known as the power method) is an eigenvalue algorithm: given a diagonalizable matrix , the algorithm will produce a number , which is the greatest (in absolute value) eigenvalue of , and a nonzero vector , which is a corresponding eigenvector of , that is, .
The algorithm is also known as the Von Mises iteration.
Power iteration is a very simple algorithm, but it may converge slowly. The most time-consuming operation of the algorithm is the multiplication of matrix by a vector, so it is effective for a very large sparse matrix with appropriate implementation.
The method
The power iteration algorithm starts with a vector , which may be an approximation to the dominant eigenvector or a random vector. The method is described by the recurrence relation
So, at every iteration, the vector is multiplied by the matrix and normalized.
If we assume has an eigenvalue that is strictly greater in magnitude than its other eigenvalues and the starting vector has a nonzero component in the direction of an eigenvector associated with the dominant eigenvalue, then a subsequence converges to an eigenvector associated with the dominant eigenvalue.
Without the two assumptions above, the sequence does not necessarily converge. In this sequence,
,
where is an eigenvector associated with the dominant eigenvalue, and . The presence of the term implies that does not converge unless . Under the two assumptions listed above, the sequence defined b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Johnson
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Richard or Dick Johnson may refer to:
Academics
Dick Johnson (academic) (1929–2019), Australian academic
Richard C. Johnson (1930–2003), professor of electrical engineering
Richard A. Johnson, artist and professor at the University of New Orleans
Richard Johnson, former director of the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies
Arts and entertainment
Richard Johnson (war artist) (born 1966), Canadian journalist and war artist
Richard S. Johnson (artist) (born 1939), American painter
Richard Johnson (actor) (1927–2015), English actor
Richard Johnson (columnist), American gossip columnist
Richard Johnson (director) (born 1974), American film director who founded Joystick Films in 2005
Dick Johnson (clarinetist) (1925–2010), musician, played in the Artie Shaw band
Richard Johnson (16th century) (1573–c. 1659), romance writer
Richard B. Johnson (born 1943), Abominable Firebug author
Richard Johnson (pianist) (born 1975), American composer, jazz pianist, and music professor
Richard "Dick" Johnson, subject of the 2020 documentary Dick Johnson Is Dead
Dick Johnson, alias of the bandit Ramirez in Giacomo Puccini's La fanciulla del West
Aviation
Dick Johnson (test pilot) (1917–2002), founding member of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots in 1955
Dick Johnson (glider pilot) (1923–2008), glider pilot, aeronautical engineer and writer
Richard Johnson, test-pilot of the X-4 Bantam
Law and politics
Richard Mentor Johnson (1780–1850), American politician
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed%20Martin%20Missiles%20and%20Fire%20Control
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Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control (MFC) is one of the four core business areas for American company Lockheed Martin.
MFC provides air and missile defense systems; tactical missiles and air-to-ground precision strike weapon systems; logistics; fire control systems; mission operations support, readiness, engineering support and integration services; manned and unmanned ground vehicles; and energy management solutions. MFC also has contracts with the U.S. Government for various classified programs.
MFC has approximately 15,500 employees. It is based in the Dallas suburb of Grand Prairie, Texas. Major LM MFC facilities are located in Orlando, Florida; Grand Prairie, Texas; Archbald, Pennsylvania; Chelmsford, Massachusetts; East Camden, Arkansas; Horizon City, Texas; Lufkin, Texas; Ocala, Florida; Santa Barbara, California; Troy, Alabama and Ampthill Bedfordshire (a part of Lockheed Martin UK).
Financials
MFC made $1.4 billion in operating profit on sales of $10.1 billion in 2019. This was out of total Lockheed Martin profits of $6.6 billion on sales of $59.8 billion. Lockheed Martin projects MFC's 2020 profits will be $1.5 billion on sales of $11.0-11.3 billion. For context, based on 2019 sales, this would put MFC at No. 314 on the 2019 Fortune 500 were it a stand-alone corporation.
History
MFC became a Lockheed Martin business area on December 31, 2012, when the Lockheed Martin Electronic Systems business area was split into two new business areas: MFC and Missio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorodnitsyn%20Computing%20Centre
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Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre (), known as the Computing Centre of the Academy of Sciences (CC RAS) until 2015, is a research institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. It was established in 1955.
Its areas of research include:
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Mathematical Physics
Mathematical modeling of Climatic Ecological Processes and other Nonlinear Phenomena
Solid mechanics and Elastic-Plastic Problems
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Computer Aided Design
Optimization Methods, Linear and Nonlinear programming
Analytical mechanics and Lyapunov's Stability of Motion
Rigid body dynamics and Space Dynamics
Interactive Optimization and Decision support systems
Parallel Computing
Artificial Intelligence
Mathematical modeling of Economic Processes
Software development
The game Tetris was created by Alexey Pajitnov at the Computing Centre.
After 15 June 2015, CC RAS was included in Federal research centre "Informatic and Control" of RAS and now no longer exists as an independent institute.
Scientists
Andrey Ershov
Andrey Markov Jr.
Nikita Moiseyev
Valentin Vital'yevich Rumyantsev
Yuri Zhuravlyov
Leonid Khachiyan
Vladimir Alexandrov
External links
Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre website
Journal of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Computing in the Soviet Union
Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter-Frans%20Pauwels
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Peter-Frans Pauwels (born June 1965) is a Dutch entrepreneur.
In 1991, soon after he completed his studies in Business and Computer Science at the Universiteit van Amsterdam, he founded, with his former university mate Pieter Geelen, a company called Palmtop Software, which was later renamed to TomTom.
In 2006, the Dutch magazine Quote stated that Pauwels was then the richest Dutch person less than 41 years old, with a fortune of about 766 million euros. In 2010, Quote ranked Pauwels the 100th richest Dutch person, with 280 million euros.
References
1965 births
Living people
Dutch businesspeople
University of Amsterdam alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic%20unit
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In mathematics, elliptic units are certain units of abelian extensions of imaginary quadratic fields constructed using singular values of modular functions, or division values of elliptic functions. They were introduced by Gilles Robert in 1973, and were used by John Coates and Andrew Wiles in their work on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. Elliptic units are an analogue for imaginary quadratic fields of cyclotomic units. They form an example of an Euler system.
Definition
A system of elliptic units may be constructed for an elliptic curve E with complex multiplication by the ring of integers R of an imaginary quadratic field F. For simplicity we assume that F has class number one. Let a be an ideal of R with generator α. For a Weierstrass model of E, define
where P is a point on E, Δ is the discriminant, and x is the X-coordinate on the Weierstrass model. The function Θ is independent of the choice of model, and is defined over the field of definition of E.
Properties
Let b be an ideal of R coprime to a and Q an R-generator of the b-torsion. Then Θa(Q) is defined over the ray class field K(b), and if b is not a prime power then Θa(Q) is a global unit: if b is a power of a prime p then Θa(Q) is a unit away from p.
The function Θa satisfies a distribution relation for b = (β) coprime to a:
See also
Modular unit
References
Robert, Gilles Unités elliptiques. (Elliptic units) Bull. Soc. Math. France, Supp. Mém. No. 36. Bull. Soc. Math. France, Tome 101. Soci
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyubomir%20Neikov
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Lyubomir Neikov (; born 7 February 1972, in Cherven Bryag) is a Bulgarian comedian and actor. He is known for his work on television and in theatre. He graduated from the Technical School of electrical engineering and later he graduated from NATFIZ in 1998, specializing in Doll Acting. In 1998 he started working on Slavi's Show, where he was part of "The Actor Trio" together with Krasi Radkov and Viktor Kalev. He portrayed many different characters on the show, including The MC Pharaoh and Bate Boiko. In 2006 he quit the show and the trio disintegrated. In 2007 he started his own show named "Komitsite" (Bulgarian:"Комиците") ("The Comedians" - in English) with the famous Bulgarian actors Hristo Garbov, Chrastio Lafazanov and Ruslan Maynov. This show is in competition with Slavi's Show - the same show where Neykov worked before.
Neikov played the role of Omar Sharif in the 2008 political satire War, Inc., starring John Cusack, Marisa Tomei, Hilary Duff, Ben Kingsley and Dan Aykroyd.
He is married since 1998.
Filmography
External links
Bulgarian male film actors
Bulgarian male stage actors
Bulgarian male television actors
1972 births
Living people
People from Cherven Bryag
20th-century Bulgarian male actors
21st-century Bulgarian male actors
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics%20of%20Down%20syndrome
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Down syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of an extra copy of genetic material on chromosome 21, either in whole (trisomy 21) or part (such as due to translocations). The effects of the extra copy varies greatly from individual to individual, depending on the extent of the extra copy, genetic background, environmental factors, and random chance. Down syndrome can occur in all human populations, and analogous effects have been found in other species, such as chimpanzees and mice. In 2005, researchers have been able to create transgenic mice with most of human chromosome 21 (in addition to their normal chromosomes).
A typical human karyotype is shown here. Every chromosome has two copies. In the bottom right, there are chromosomal differences between males (XY) and females (XX), which do not concern us. A typical human karyotype is designated as 46,XX or 46,XY, indicating 46 chromosomes with an XX arrangement for females and 46 chromosomes with an XY arrangement for males. For this article, we will use females for the karyotype designation (46,XX).
Trisomy 21
Trisomy 21 (47,XY,+21) is caused by a meiotic nondisjunction event. A typical gamete (either egg or sperm) has one copy of each chromosome (23 total). When it is combined with a gamete from the other parent during conception, the child has 46 chromosomes. However, with nondisjunction, a gamete is produced with an extra copy of chromosome 21 (the gamete has 24 chromosomes). When combined wi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.B.%20Wilson%20Medal
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The E.B. Wilson Medal is the American Society for Cell Biology's highest honor for science and is presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society for significant and far-reaching contributions to cell biology over the course of a career. It is named after Edmund Beecher Wilson.
Medalists
Source : ASCB
See also
List of medicine awards
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Medicine awards
Biology awards
American awards
Awards established in 1981
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith%20R.%20Porter%20Lecture
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This lecture, named in memory of Keith R. Porter, is presented to an eminent cell biologist each year at the ASCB Annual Meeting. The ASCB Program Committee and the ASCB President recommend the Porter Lecturer to the Porter Endowment each year.
Lecturers
Source: ASCB
See also
List of biology awards
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Biology education
American awards
Recurring events established in 1982
1982 establishments in the United States
Science lecture series
Biological events
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WICB%20Junior%20and%20Senior%20Awards
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The Women In Cell Biology Committee of the American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) recognizes outstanding achievements by women in cell biology by presenting three (previously only two) Career Recognition Awards at the ASCB Annual Meeting. The Junior Award is given to a woman in an early stage of her career (generally seven or eight years in an independent position) who has made exceptional scientific contributions to cell biology and exhibits the potential for continuing a high level of scientific endeavor while fostering the career development of damaged young scientists. The Mid-Career Award (introduced in 2012) is given to a woman at the mid-career level who has made exceptional scientific contributions to cell biology and/or has effectively translated cell biology across disciplines, and who exemplifies a high level of scientific endeavor and leadership. The Senior Award is given to a woman or man in a later career stage (generally full professor or equivalent) whose outstanding scientific achievements are coupled with a long-standing record of support for women in science and by mentorship of both men and women in scientific careers.
Senior awardees
Source: WICB
2020 Erika Holzbaur
2019 Rong Li
2018 Eva Nogales
2017 Harvey Lodish
2016 Susan Gerbi
2015 Angelika Amon
2014 Sandra L. Schmid
2013 Lucille Shapiro
2012 Marianne Bronner
2011 Susan Rae Wente
2010 Zena Werb
2009 Janet Rossant
2008 Fiona Watt
2007 Frances Brodsky
2006 Joseph Gall
2005 Elizabeth Blackburn
2004 Su
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early%20Career%20Life%20Scientist%20Award
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The ASCB Early Career Life Scientist Award is awarded by the American Society for Cell Biology to an outstanding scientist who earned his doctorate no more than 12 years earlier and who has served as an independent investigator for no more than seven years. The winner speaks at the ASCB Annual Meeting and receives a monetary prize.
Awardees
Source: American Society for Cell Biology
2020 James Olzmann
2019 Cignall Kadoch
2018 Sergiu Pasca
2017 Meng Wang
2016 Bo Huang;Valentina Greco
2015 Vladimir Denic
2014 Manuel Thery
2013 Douglas B. Weibel
2012 Iain Cheeseman
2012 Gia Voeltz
2011 Maxence V. Nachury
2010 Anna Kashina
2009 Martin W. Hetzer
2008 Arshad B. Desai
2007 Abby Dernburg
2006 Karsten Weis
2005 Eva Nogales
2004 No award this year
2003 Frank Gertler
2002 Kathleen Collins and Benjamin Cravatt
2001 Daphne Preuss
2000 Erin O'Shea
1999 Raymond Deshaies
See also
List of biology awards
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Biology awards
Early career awards
American science and technology awards
Awards established in 1999
1999 establishments in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIFA
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The acronym CIFA may stand for:
Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture
Cayman Islands Football Association
Chartered Institute for Archaeologists, a professional organization
Cook Islands Football Association
Counterintelligence Field Activity
CIFA (computer) (Calculatorul Institutului de Fizică Atomică (Atomic Physics Institute Computer), an early Romanian computer
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20S.%20Ward
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Richard Samuel Ward FRS (born 6 September 1951) is a British mathematical physicist. He is a Professor of Mathematical & Theoretical Particle Physics at the University of Durham.
Work
Ward earned his Ph.D. from the University of Oxford in 1977, under the supervision of Roger Penrose. He is most famous for his extension of Penrose's twistor theory to nonlinear cases, which he with Michael Atiyah used to describe instantons by vector bundles on the three-dimensional complex projective space. He has related interests in the theory of monopoles, topological solitons and skyrmions.
Honors and awards
Ward was awarded the Whitehead Prize in 1989 for his work in mathematical physics. He was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society of London in 2005. His certificate of election reads:
Bibliography
Books
Twistor geometry and field theory (with Raymond O. Wells Jr), Cambridge University Press 1990
Integrable systems: twistors, loop groups, and Riemann surfaces (with Nigel Hitchin, Graeme Segal), Oxford, Clarendon Press 1999
Selected academic works
.
.
.
References
Academics of Durham University
Fellows of the Royal Society
Living people
1951 births
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Ro%C4%8Dek
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Martin Roček is a professor of theoretical physics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and a member of the C. N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics. He received A.B. and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard University in 1975 and 1979. He did post-doctoral research at the University of Cambridge and Caltech before becoming a professor at Stony Brook University.
He was one of the co-inventors of hyperkähler quotients, a hyperkahler analogue of Marsden–Weinstein reduction and the structure of Bihermitian manifolds. His research interests include supersymmetry, string theory and applications of generalized complex geometry, and with S. J. Gates, M. T. Grisaru, and W. Siegel, Rocek coauthored Superspace, or One thousand and one lessons in supersymmetry (1984), the first comprehensive book on supersymmetry.
He is the local coordinator of the annual Simons Workshop in Mathematics and Physics jointly hosted by Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Department of Mathematics of the Stony Brook University.
References
"Twisted multiplets and new supersymmetric nonlinear sigma-models"
External links
Martin Rocek's page at YITP
5th Simons Workshop in Mathematics and Physics
Living people
Theoretical physicists
String theorists
Stony Brook University faculty
New Trier High School alumni
Harvard University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Sutcliffe
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Paul Michael Sutcliffe is British mathematical physicist and mathematician, currently Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Durham. He specialises in the study of topological solitons.
He serves as the Project Director of the SPOCK (Scientific Properties of Complex Knots) research programme dedicated to the study of knotted structures. Related subjects of research include skyrmions.
Sutcliffe was awarded the LMS Whitehead Prize in 2006 for contributions to the study of topological solitons and their dynamics.
Education
Sutcliffe graduated from Durham University in 1989.
Bibliography
Books
Topological solitons (with Nick Manton), Cambridge University Press 2004
Selected academic works
.
.
.
References
External links
Home Page
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Academics of Durham University
Alumni of University College, Durham
21st-century English mathematicians
Whitehead Prize winners
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propellane
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In organic chemistry, propellane is any member of a class of polycyclic hydrocarbons, whose carbon skeleton consists of three rings of carbon atoms sharing a common carbon–carbon covalent bond. The concept was introduced in 1966 by D. Ginsburg Propellanes with small cycles are highly strained and unstable, and are easily turned into polymers with interesting structures, such as staffanes. Partly for these reasons, they have been the object of much research.
Nomenclature
The name derives from a supposed resemblance of the molecule to a propeller: namely, the rings would be the propeller's blades, and the shared C–C bond would be its axis. The bond shared by the three cycles is usually called the "bridge"; the shared carbon atoms are then the "bridgeheads".
The IUPAC nomenclature of the homologue series of all-carbon propellanes would be called tricyclo[x.y.z.01,(x+2)]alkane. More common in literature is the notation means the member of the family whose rings have x, y, and z carbons, not counting the two bridgeheads; or x + 2, y + 2, and z + 2 carbons, counting them. The chemical formula is therefore . The minimum value for x, y, and z is 1, meaning three fused cyclopropyl-rings forming the [1.1.1]propellane. There is no structural ordering between the rings; for example, [1.3.2]propellane is the same substance as [3.2.1]propellane. Therefore, it is customary to sort the indices in decreasing order, .
Further, heterosubstituted propellanes or structurally embedded pro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinidad%20Independent%20School%20District
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Trinidad Independent School district is a public school district based in Trinidad, Texas (USA).
The district consists of one campus serving grades PK-12.
Academic achievement
According to tea.state.tx.us/ 2015 Trinidad School District has the rating of "met standard," with a distinction in Mathematics. They are a very driven UIL Academic school.
UIL Academics
Trinidad has a very competitive UIL Academic program, and in 2014-2015 competed at the State level in multiple events including One Act Play.
Athletics
Trinidad High School plays six-man football, volleyball, basketball, softball and track.
Six-man Football State Champions (1998)
See also
List of school districts in Texas
List of high schools in Texas
References
External links
Trinidad ISD
School districts in Henderson County, Texas
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Bruijn%20torus
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In combinatorial mathematics, a De Bruijn torus, named after Dutch mathematician Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn, is an array of symbols from an alphabet (often just 0 and 1) that contains every possible matrix of given dimensions exactly once. It is a torus because the edges are considered wraparound for the purpose of finding matrices. Its name comes from the De Bruijn sequence, which can be considered a special case where (one dimension).
One of the main open questions regarding De Bruijn tori is whether a De Bruijn torus for a particular alphabet size can be constructed for a given and . It is known that these always exist when , since then we simply get the De Bruijn sequences, which always exist. It is also known that "square" tori exist whenever and even (for the odd case the resulting tori cannot be square).
The smallest possible binary "square" de Bruijn torus, depicted above right, denoted as de Bruijn torus (or simply as ), contains all binary matrices.
B2
Apart from "translation", "inversion" (exchanging 0s and 1s) and "rotation" (by 90 degrees), no other de Bruijn tori are possible – this can be shown by complete inspection of all 216 binary matrices (or subset fulfilling constrains such as equal numbers of 0s and 1s).
The torus can be unrolled by repeating n−1 rows and columns. All n×n submatrices without wraparound, such as the one shaded yellow, then form the complete set:
{| class="wikitable"
| 1 || style="background:#ccc;"|0 || 1 || 1 || rowspan="5"
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft%20photon
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In particle physics, soft photons are photons having photon energies much smaller than the energies of the particles participating in a particular scattering process, and they are not energetic enough to be detected. Such photons can be emitted from (or absorbed by) the external (incoming and outgoing) lines of charged particles of the Feynman diagram for the process. Even though soft photons are not detected, the possibility of their emission must be taken into account in the calculation of the scattering amplitude.
Taking the soft photons into account multiplies the rate of a given process by a factor which approaches zero. However, there exists also an infrared-divergent contribution to the scattering rate related to virtual soft photons that are emitted from one of the external lines and absorbed in another (or in the same line). The two factors cancel each other, leaving a finite correction which depends on the sensitivity with which photons can be detected in the experiment.
The Weinberg's soft phothon theorem simplify the calculation of the contribute of soft photons to the scattering of particles.
References
Gauge theories
Scattering theory
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLOS%20Computational%20Biology
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PLOS Computational Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering computational biology. It was established in 2005 by the Public Library of Science in association with the International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) in the same format as the previously established PLOS Biology and PLOS Medicine. The founding editor-in-chief was Philip Bourne and the current ones are Feilim Mac Gabhann and Jason Papin.
Format
The journal publishes both original research and review articles. All articles are open access and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.
Since its inception, the journal has published the Ten Simple Rules series of practical guides, which has subsequently become one of the journal's most read article series.
The Ten Simple Rules series then led to the Quick Tips collection, whose articles contain recommendations on computational practices and methods, such as dimensionality reduction for example.
In 2012, it launched the Topic Page review format, which dual-publishes peer-reviewed articles both in the journal and on Wikipedia. It was the first publication of its kind to publish in this way.
See also
PLOS
PLOS Biology
BMC Bioinformatics
References
External links
PLOS Computational Biology - List of quick tips articles
PLOS Computational Biology - List of ten simple rules articles
Creative Commons Attribution-licensed journals
Bioinformatics and computational biology journals
Monthly journals
English
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heineman
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Heineman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Benjamin W. Heineman (1914–2012), American railroad executive
Benjamin W. Heineman, Jr. (born 1944), American journalist, lawyer and business executive
Dannie Heineman (1872–1962), Belgian-American engineer and businessman
Dannie Heineman Prize for Astrophysics
Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics
Dave Heineman (born 1948), American politician and 39th governor of Nebraska
Fred Heineman (1929–2010), American politician from North Carolina
Laurie Heineman (born 1948), American actress and teacher
Rebecca Heineman (born 1963), American video game programmer
Scott Heineman (born 1992), American professional baseball player
Tyler Heineman (born 1991), American professional baseball player
See also
Heinemann (disambiguation)
Jamie Hyneman
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BTeV%20experiment
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The BTeV experiment — for B meson TeV (teraelectronvolt) — was an experiment in high-energy particle physics designed to challenge the Standard Model explanation of CP violation, mixing and rare decays of bottom and charm quark states. The Standard Model has been the baseline particle physics theory for several decades and BTeV aimed to find out what lies beyond the Standard Model. In doing so, the BTeV results could have contributed to shed light on phenomena associated with the early universe such as why the universe is made up of matter and not anti-matter.
The BTeV Collaboration was a group of about 170 physicists drawn from more than 30 universities and physics institutes from Belarus, Canada, China, Italy, Russia, and the United States of America. The BTeV experiment was designed to utilize the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, located in the far west suburbs of Chicago, Illinois in the USA. The experiment was scheduled to start in 2006, followed by commissioning in 2008, and data-taking in 2009.
The BTeV Project was terminated by the United States Department of Energy on 2005-02-07 after being removed from the President's Budget for the 2006 fiscal year.
External links
BTeV website
Record of BTeV experiment on INSPIRE-HEP
Particle experiments
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Radiochemistry
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Applied Radiochemistry is an important collection of lectures by German chemist Otto Hahn published in English in 1936 by the Cornell University Press (Ithaca, New York) and simultaneously by the Oxford University Press (London). Edited by H. Milford, and spanning 278 pages, the volume presents the content of a group of lectures delivered by Hahn between March and June 1933, when he was a lecturer of chemistry at Cornell University.
The work was cited by fellow Nobel laureate Glenn Seaborg as a major influence on his own early work in radiochemistry. The articles were delivered at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Berlin.
Open Library OL6344670M
References
External links
AIP Niels Bohr Library holdings entry
1937 review in The Journal of Physical Chemistry:
Glenn T. Seaborg
Otto Hahn
Radiochemistry
1936 non-fiction books
Books of lectures
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladim%C3%ADr%20List
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Vladimír List (June 4, 1877 in Prague – May 27, 1971 in Brno) was a Czech electrical engineer, scientist and university teacher active in area of technical standardization.
From 1895 to 1899 List had studied mechanical engineering at the Czech Technical University in Prague but became interested in electrotechnics. In 1900 and 1901 he studied it at the Montefiore Institute in Liège, Belgium. After return he became chief designer in František Křižík's company where he worked on problems of electrification of railways and the industry (1902–08). In 1904 he married Helena Gebauerová, daughter of bohemist Jan Gebauer. In 1908 List became professor at the Czech Technical University in Brno (during 1917-18 he served as its rector).
In 1910 he helped to set up specialised magazine Elektrotechnický obzor, in 1913 he participated on systematic electrification of Moravia and convinced the authorities of necessity to build public high-voltage transmission lines. In 1926 he proposed construction of Prague Metro, not realized at the time.
Since 1926 he was editor of book series Technický průvodce – Elektrotechnika (Technical Guide - Electrotechnics). He had written about 600 publications, many of them textbooks (well known were Základy elektrotechniky I and II).
After communist takeover in Czechoslovakia (1948) List was sent to pension but he still published (his last article for magazine "Elektrotechnický obzor" was written in 1970 when he was 93 years old).
Technical standardization
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kary
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Kary may refer to:
Kary (name), is both a surname and a given name
Kary, South Dakota, a ghost town
KARY-FM, a radio station in Grandview, Washington, United States
Kary, the fire fiend in the video game Final Fantasy
K-ary, referring to arity in mathematics and computer science
See also
Cary (disambiguation)
Karey (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MHV
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MHV may refer to:
MHV Amplitudes (particle physics) - maximally helicity violating amplitudes
MHV connector (electronics) - miniature high voltage RF connector
Mojave Air & Space Port, FAA and IATA code
Mouse hepatitis virus
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overconvergent%20modular%20form
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In mathematics, overconvergent modular forms are special p-adic modular forms that are elements of certain p-adic Banach spaces (usually infinite dimensional)
containing classical spaces of modular forms as subspaces. They were introduced by Nicholas M. Katz in 1972.
References
Robert F. Coleman, Classical and overconvergent modular forms. Les Dix-huitièmes Journées Arithmétiques (Bordeaux, 1993). J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux 7 (1995), no. 1, 333–365.
Robert F. Coleman Classical and Overconvergent Modular Forms of Higher Level, J. Theor. Nombres Bordeaux 9 (1997), no. 2, 395–403.
Katz, Nicholas M. p-adic properties of modular schemes and modular forms. Modular functions of one variable, III (Proc. Internat. Summer School, Univ. Antwerp, Antwerp, 1972), pp. 69–190. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, Vol. 350, Springer, Berlin, 1973.
Modular forms
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education%20in%20Lebanon
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Education in Lebanon is regulated by the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MEHE). In Lebanon, the main three languages, English and/or French with Arabic are taught from early years in schools. English or French are the mandatory media of instruction for mathematics and sciences for all schools. Education is compulsory from age 3 to 14.
According to a 2013 World Economic Forum (WEF) report, Lebanon was ranked 17th in overall quality of education, and 5th in science and mathematics. The survey was carried out as part of the WEF's Global Competitiveness Report. According to Muhammad Faour, a nonresident senior associate at the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, "this assessment is a significant departure from the results of student achievement tests in every international test Lebanon and Qatar have participated in."
According to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and compiled from an amalgamation of international assessments, including the OECD's Pisa tests, the TIMSS tests run by US-based academics as well as the TERCE tests in Latin America, Lebanon ranked 13th globally in mathematics and sciences. In the international student achievement tests in math and sciences (TIMSS) in 2007 and 2011 for grade 8, Lebanese students scored well below the international average of 500. In math, Lebanon scored 449 both during 2007 and 2011.
Lebanon's adult literacy rate was 97.9% in 2014 according to the UN Human Development Index, ranking it
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20weight%20matching
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In computer science and graph theory, the maximum weight matching problem is the problem of finding, in a weighted graph, a matching in which the sum of weights is maximized.
A special case of it is the assignment problem, in which the input is restricted to be a bipartite graph, and the matching constrained to be have cardinality that of the smaller of the two partitions. Another special case is the problem of finding a maximum cardinality matching on an unweighted graph: this corresponds to the case where all edge weights are the same.
Algorithms
There is a time algorithm to find a maximum matching or a maximum weight matching in a graph that is not bipartite; it is due to Jack Edmonds, is called the paths, trees, and flowers method or simply Edmonds' algorithm, and uses bidirected edges. A generalization of the same technique can also be used to find maximum independent sets in claw-free graphs.
More elaborate algorithms exist and are reviewed by Duan and Pettie (see Table III). Their work proposes an approximation algorithm for the maximum weight matching problem, which runs in linear time for any fixed error bound.
References
Combinatorial optimization
Computational problems in graph theory
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclotomic%20unit
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In mathematics, a cyclotomic unit (or circular unit) is a unit of an algebraic number field which is the product of numbers of the form (ζ − 1) for ζ an nth root of unity and 0 < a < n.
Properties
The cyclotomic units form a subgroup of finite index in the group of units of a cyclotomic field. The index of this subgroup of real cyclotomic units (those cyclotomic units in the maximal real subfield) within the full real unit group is equal to the class number of the maximal real subfield of the cyclotomic field.
If is the power of a prime, then is not a unit; however the numbers for , and ±ζ generate the group of cyclotomic units.
If is a composite number having two or more distinct prime factors, then is a unit. The subgroup of cyclotomic units generated by with is not of finite index in general.
The cyclotomic units satisfy distribution relations. Let be a rational number prime to and let denote . Then for we have
Using these distribution relations and the symmetry relation a basis Bn of the cyclotomic units can be constructed with the property that for .
See also
Elliptic unit
Modular unit
Notes
References
Algebraic number theory
Cyclotomic fields
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bondi%20k-calculus
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Bondi k-calculus is a method of teaching special relativity popularised by Sir Hermann Bondi, that has been used in university-level physics classes (e.g. at the University of Oxford), and in some relativity textbooks.
The usefulness of the k-calculus is its simplicity. Many introductions to relativity begin with the concept of velocity and a derivation of the Lorentz transformation. Other concepts such as time dilation, length contraction, the relativity of simultaneity, the resolution of the twins paradox and the relativistic Doppler effect are then derived from the Lorentz transformation, all as functions of velocity.
Bondi, in his book Relativity and Common Sense, first published in 1964 and based on articles published in The Illustrated London News in 1962, reverses the order of presentation. He begins with what he calls "a fundamental ratio" denoted by the letter (which turns out to be the radial Doppler factor). From this he explains the twins paradox, and the relativity of simultaneity, time dilation, and length contraction, all in terms of . It is not until later in the exposition that he provides a link between velocity and the fundamental ratio . The Lorentz transformation appears towards the end of the book.
History
The k-calculus method had previously been used by E. A. Milne in 1935. Milne used the letter to denote a constant Doppler factor, but also considered a more general case involving non-inertial motion (and therefore a varying Doppler factor). Bondi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepnogorsk
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Stepnogorsk (; ) is a town in Akmola Region, Kazakhstan.
History
Stepnogorsk was established in 1959, and has been a town since 1964. It began as a closed town with code names Tselinograd-25 (), Makinsk-2 (). The town is known as a nuclear and biochemical site, which was known as the Stepnogorsk Scientific and Technical Institute for Microbiology.
Population
References
External links
STEPNOGORSK Online - Unofficial web site since 1999 mirror (in Russian)
Advertising and Information Portal town Stepnogorsk Kazakhstan (in Russian)
Cities and towns in Kazakhstan
Populated places in Akmola Region
Cities and towns built in the Soviet Union
Populated places established in 1959
Weapons test sites
1959 establishments in the Soviet Union
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Ussing
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Hans Henriksen Ussing (30 December 1911 – 22 December 2000) was a Danish scientist, best known for having invented the Ussing chamber.
In the early 1950s Ussing was the first to describe the mechanism by which ions are actively transported across frog skin.
He studied biology and geography at the University of Copenhagen. In 1943 he received his master's degree (with honors).
In 1970 he was awarded the Amory Prize of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
References
External links
The Royal Society: Hans Henriksen Ussing (Biography) (PDF; 1,1 MB)
www.frontiersin.org
Hans Ussing (physiologicinstruments.com)
1911 births
2000 deaths
Danish scientists
20th-century Danish inventors
Foreign Members of the Royal Society
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladder%20stone%20%28animal%29
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Bladder stones or uroliths are a common occurrence in animals, especially in domestic animals such as dogs and cats. Occurrence in other species, including tortoises, has been reported as well. The stones form in the urinary bladder in varying size and numbers secondary to infection, dietary influences, and genetics. Stones can form in any part of the urinary tract in dogs and cats, but unlike in humans, stones of the kidney are less common and do not often cause significant disease, although they can contribute to pyelonephritis and chronic kidney disease. Types of stones include struvite, calcium oxalate, urate, cystine, calcium phosphate, and silicate. Struvite and calcium oxalate stones are by far the most common. Bladder stones are not the same as bladder crystals but if the crystals coalesce unchecked in the bladder they can become stones.
Signs and symptoms
Bladder stones may cause blood in the urine (animal)in the (hematuria) but sometimes there may be no signs at all. Painful urination or straining to urinate are other signs. Urinary tract infections are commonly associated with bladder stones. Smaller stones may become lodged in the urethra, especially in male animals, causing urinary tract obstruction and the inability to urinate. This condition causes acute kidney failure, hyperkalemia, sepsis, and death within a few days.
Mechanism
Oversaturation of urine with crystals is by far the biggest factor in stone formation in dogs and cats. This oversaturation
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego%20Mindstorms%20NXT
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Lego Mindstorms NXT is a programmable robotics kit released by Lego on August 2, 2006.
It replaced the first-generation Lego Mindstorms kit, which was called the Robotics Invention System. The base kit ships in two versions: the Retail Version (set #8527) and the Education Base Set (set #9797). It comes with the NXT-G programming software, or optionally LabVIEW for Lego Mindstorms. A variety of unofficial languages exist, such as NXC, NBC, leJOS NXJ, and RobotC. The second generation of the set, the Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0, was released on August 1, 2009, featuring a color sensor and other upgraded capabilities. The third generation, the EV3, was released in September 2013.
NXT Intelligent Brick
The main component in the kit is a brick shaped computer called the NXT Intelligent Brick. It can take input from up to four sensors and control up to three motors, via a modified version of RJ12 cables, very much similar to but incompatible with RJ11 phone cords. The plastic pin to hold the cable in the socket is moved slightly to the right. The brick has a 100×64 pixel monochrome LCD and four buttons that can be used to navigate a user interface using hierarchical menus. It has a 32-bit ARM7TDMI-core Atmel AT91SAM7S256 microcontroller with 256 KB of FLASH memory and 64 KB of RAM, plus an 8-bit Atmel AVR ATmega48 microcontroller, and bluetooth support. It also has a speaker and can play sound files at sampling rates up to 8 kHz. Power is supplied by 6 AA (1.5 V each) batteries in
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MBC%20Paper%20of%20the%20Year
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Chosen by Molecular Biology of the Cell Associate Editors, the MBoC Paper of the Year is awarded to the first author of the paper judged to be the best of the year in the field of molecular biology, from June to May.
Awardees
Source: MBoC
See also
List of biology awards
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Biology awards
American science and technology awards
Awards established in 1991
1991 establishments in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular%20Biology%20of%20the%20Cell
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Molecular Biology of the Cell is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society for Cell Biology. It covers research on the molecular basis of cell structure and function. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 4.803. It was originally established as Cell Regulation in 1989.
The Editor-in-Chief is Matthew Welch (University of California, Berkeley). Previous Editors-in-Chief include: Erkki Ruoslahti (of Cell Regulation) and David Botstein and Keith Yamamoto (of MBoC) and their successors Sandra Schmid and David Drubin.
References
External links
American Society for Cell Biology
Molecular and cellular biology journals
English-language journals
Biweekly journals
Academic journals established in 1989
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies of the United States
1991 establishments in the United States
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merton%20Bernfield%20Memorial%20Award
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The Merton Bernfield Memorial Award, formerly known as the Member Memorial Award
For Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Fellows, was established in memory of deceased colleagues donations from members of the American Society for Cell Biology. The winner is selected on merit and is invited to speak in Minisymposium at the ASCB Annual Meeting. The winner also receives financial support.
Awardees
Source:
2019 Veena Padmanaban
2018 Kelsie Eichel
2017 Lawrence Kazak
2016 Kara McKinley
2015 Shigeki Watanabe
2014 Prasanna Satpute-Krishnan
2013 Panteleimon Rompolas
2012 Ting Chen and Gabriel Lander
2011 Dylan Tyler Burnette
2010 Hua Jin
2009 Chad G. Pearson
2008 Kenneth Campellone
2007 Ethan Garner
2006 Lloyd Trotman
2005 Stephanie Gupton
2004 Chun Han
2003 Erik Dent
2002 Christina Hull
2001 Sarah South and James Wohlschlegel
See also
List of biology awards
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Biology awards
American science and technology awards
Awards established in 2001
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCB%20Public%20Service%20Award
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The American Society for Cell Biology's highest honor for Public Service, the ASCB Public Service Award is for outstanding national leadership in support of biomedical research. The awardees are selected by the ASCB Public Policy Committee.
Awardees
Source: ASCB
2022 George Langford
2021 Raynard Kington and Donna Ginther
2020 Anthony Fauci
2019 James F. Deatherage
2018 Senator Roy Blunt (R-Mo) and Representative Tom Cole (R-OK)
2016 Senator Richard Durbin
2014 Rush Holt Jr.
2013 Jeremy Berg
2012 Keith Yamamoto
2010 Tom Pollard
2009 Larry Goldstein
2008 Maxine Singer
2007 Representative Michael N. Castle (R-DE)
2006 Barbara Forrest and Ken Miller
2005 Senator Arlen Specter (R-PA)
2004 Elizabeth Blackburn
2003 Paul Berg
2002 Matthew Meselson
2001 Christopher Reeve
2000 Donna Shalala, US Health & Human Services Secretary
1999 Harold Varmus
1998 J. Michael Bishop
1997 Representative George Gekas (R-PA)
1996 Marc Kirschner
1995 Representative John Porter (R-IL)
1994 Senator Tom Harkin (D-IA)
See also
List of biomedical science awards
External links
ASCB Public Service Award
References
American Society for Cell Biology
Biomedical awards
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadim%20Knizhnik
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Vadim Genrikhovich Knizhnik (Russian: Вади́м Ге́нрихович Кни́жник; 20 February 1962, Kiev – 25 December 1987, Moscow) was a Soviet physicist of Jewish and Russian descent.
Biography
Knizhnik studied physics from 1978 to 1984 at the Moscow Institute for Physics and Technology. He has received his PhD at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics. His supervisor was Prof. A. Polyakov, however, at the time of his PhD courses ("aspirantship") Vadim was already a first-class physicist, and supervising him was a pure formality. In 1986 he became a member of the Landau Institute. His distinguished abilities showed quite early. At the secondary school he won twice the USSR national physics olympiad. He wrote his first scientific article (in collaboration with Prof. L. Andreev) as a student in 1982. This article has dealt with kinetic properties of quantum crystals. From 1984 he turned to quantum field theory and made very important contributions to string theory. Knizhnik died of a heart attack at the very young age of 25.
See also
Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov equations
References
External links
Russian Jewish Encyclopedia, retrieved November 24, 2006
1962 births
1987 deaths
Scientists from Kyiv
Ukrainian Jews
Soviet Jews
Soviet physicists
Jewish physicists
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology alumni
Russian string theorists
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Bredig
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Georg Bredig (October 1, 1868 – April 24, 1944) was a German physical chemist.
Bredig was a faculty member at the University of Leipzig (1895-1901) and professor of chemistry at Heidelberg (1901–1910); Technische Hochschule, Zurich (1910); and Technische Hochschule, Karlsruhe (1911–1933).
Bredig did fundamental research in catalysis, preparing aqueous colloidal dispersions of metals and comparing the catalytic properties of metal colloids to the action of enzymes (or "ferments"). He made significant contributions in reaction kinetics and electrochemistry.
Despite being a respected scientist in his field, Bredig was forced to leave the university by the National Socialists in 1933, ending his teaching and research career. Princeton University offered Bredig a pro forma position, enabling him to emigrate to the United States in 1940.
Life
Georg Bredig was the son of Max Bredig and his wife Ernestine (Troplowitz) Bredig. He was born on October 1, 1868, in Glogau, Niederschlesien, Silesia Province. The family was of Jewish descent, but Bredig identified himself as a Protestant. Like Fritz Haber, another German chemist of Jewish descent, Bredig felt a deeply patriotic attachment to Germany.
Education and early catalysis research
In 1886, Bredig began studying natural sciences at the Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg.
After one term he moved to Friedrich-Wilhelm University in Berlin (later Humboldt University of Berlin) where he studied from 1886-1889. Among his teach
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand%20Redtenbacher
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Ferdinand Jakob Redtenbacher (July 25, 1809 in Steyr, Upper Austria – April 16, 1863 in Karlsruhe) is regarded as the founder of science-based mechanical engineering.
Life
Redtenbacher, son of an ironmonger from Steyr, first went through an apprenticeship in commerce and accounting. After a short interlude as technical illustrator in the "Baudirektion" (building authority) in Linz, he attended the Polytechnikum in Vienna from 1825 until 1829. He stayed there until 1834 as an assistant to Johann Arzberger. In 1835, he accepted an invitation to become a professor at the Höhere Industrieschule in Zürich, where he taught mathematics and geometry.
In 1841 he finally became professor in mechanics and mechanical engineering at the Polytechnikum Karlsruhe.
In 1857 Redtenbacher became director of the entire Polytechnic School and was re-elected annually thereafter. At the same time he held the only professorship at the mechanical-technical school. He was the director of Polytechnikum Karlsruhe between 1857 and 1862, he transformed it into a school of international standing.
In 1859, this school was renamed the mechanical engineering school and a new building initiated and designed by Redtenbacher was opened on the former riding arena of the dragoon barracks.
After 1860 the number of students fell again, which can be explained by Redtenbacher's stomach illness and his irritation and differences with his professor colleagues. According to a contemporary report, his art of present
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAVON
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RAVON (Robust Autonomous Vehicle for Off-road Navigation) is a robot being developed at the Robotics Research Lab at University of Kaiserslautern, Germany. The vehicle is used as a testbed to investigate behaviour-based strategies on motion adaptation, localization and navigation in rough outdoor terrain. The basis vehicle was produced by Robosoft.
Description
The vehicle uses a 3D laser scanner.
The vehicle is an example of using behavior-based components on two layers of a multi-layer control system. It also uses a form of short-term memory to prevent collisions with obstacles that it observed some time ago.
The vehicle was experimentally tested at the 2nd Military European Land Robot Trial 2008.
Technical specifications
Length: 2.35 m
Width: 1.4 m
Height: 1.2 m
Weight: 750 kg
Power Supply: 8 spiral cell batteries (12 V, 55 Ah each)
Operation Time: about 4 hours
Drive: 4WD with four independent electric motors
Steering: front and rear wheel steering via linear motors
Velocity: 10 km/h max.
Controller: 2 Motorola 56F803 DSPs
Computer: 4 On-board PCs
Floor Clearance: 0.3 m
Max. Slope: 100% (at 7 km/h)
References
External links
Robotics Research Lab
University of Kaiserslautern
Official Website of Ravon
Robits
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marvin%20%28robot%29
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Mobile Autonomous Robot Vehicle for Indoor Navigation (Marvin) is a mobile robot developed at Robotics Lab at University of Kaiserslautern, Germany.
This platform consists of a differential drive, a bumper for basic operational safety, planar laser range scanners at the front and back side for obstacle detection, a belt of ultrasonic sensors for recognizing jutting edges such as table tops, a web cam, another fixed laser scanner at a height of one meter for a view free of clutter and a stereo microphone system for localization of sound sources. Its control system follows a behavior-based approach and its mapping abilities rely on a 2D geometric and topological strategy.
Technical specifications
Length: 72 cm
Width: 72 cm
Height: 120 cm
Weight: about 80 kg
Payload: about 100 kg
Power Supply: 2 lead batteries, each 12V
Operation Time: 3 hours
Drive: Differential drive with 2 electric motors
Max. Speed: 4.3 km/h
Controller: 2 Maxon-Motor control system, controlled through a DSP-Board
Computer: 1 onboard PC
Sensors: 2 Sick AG Laser scanners, Ultrasonic belt, 2 Microphones, Camera on pan-tilt unit
External links
Individual robots
Robots of Germany
Differential wheeled robots
2000s robots
Technical University of Kaiserslautern
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sami%20Khiyami
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Sami Khiyami () is a Syrian diplomat, former Syrian ambassador to London.
Background
Born on 28 August 1948, Khiyami studied Electrical Engineering at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon, and Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, France. An electronics expert by training, he has held a number of professional roles, including senior advisor to the Syrian banking industry and a member of the board of Syrian Arab Airlines. He speaks Arabic, English, French, and German.
Issues
In July 2006, Khiyami announced to the London media that Syria was attempting to dissuade Hezbollah from continuing to launch rocket attacks on Israel, the latter being part of the claimed justification for Israel's July air strikes on Lebanon.
Khiyami has also argued that the international community, when gauging its response to the Middle East conflict, should examine the totality of the conflict's victims.
Khiyami was seen as collaborating closely with Ghayth Armanazi of the Syrian Media Centre, London, and the British Syrian Society.
On April 28, 2011, Khiyami's invitation to Prince William's wedding was formally withdrawn due to Syria's violent response to protesters.
Khiyami left his position as ambassador to the United Kingdom in March 2012. He quit the diplomatic service shortly thereafter, citing the excessive use of violence of the Syrian governments against protesters as the reason for his resignation.
According to German and Arabic media reports Khiyami is among the founding members
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symplectic%20sum
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In mathematics, specifically in symplectic geometry, the symplectic sum is a geometric modification on symplectic manifolds, which glues two given manifolds into a single new one. It is a symplectic version of connected summation along a submanifold, often called a fiber sum.
The symplectic sum is the inverse of the symplectic cut, which decomposes a given manifold into two pieces. Together the symplectic sum and cut may be viewed as a deformation of symplectic manifolds, analogous for example to deformation to the normal cone in algebraic geometry.
The symplectic sum has been used to construct previously unknown families of symplectic manifolds, and to derive relationships among the Gromov–Witten invariants of symplectic manifolds.
Definition
Let and be two symplectic -manifolds and a symplectic -manifold, embedded as a submanifold into both and via
such that the Euler classes of the normal bundles are opposite:
In the 1995 paper that defined the symplectic sum, Robert Gompf proved that for any orientation-reversing isomorphism
there is a canonical isotopy class of symplectic structures on the connected sum
meeting several conditions of compatibility with the summands . In other words, the theorem defines a symplectic sum operation whose result is a symplectic manifold, unique up to isotopy.
To produce a well-defined symplectic structure, the connected sum must be performed with special attention paid to the choices of various identifications. Loosely speaking,
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-128
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STS-128 (ISS assembly flight 17A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS) that launched on August 28, 2009. carried the Multi-Purpose Logistics Module Leonardo as its primary payload. Leonardo contained a collection of experiments for studying the physics and chemistry of microgravity. Three spacewalks were carried out during the mission, which removed and replaced a materials processing experiment outside ESA's Columbus module, and returned an empty ammonia tank assembly.
The mission's first launch attempt was delayed due to weather concerns, including multiple weather violations in NASA's launch rules, beginning over two hours before the scheduled launch. The second launch attempt, scheduled for August 26, 2009, at 01:10:22 EDT, was called off the previous evening due to an anomaly in one of the orbiter's fuel valves. The launch finally took place on August 28, 2009, at 23:59 EDT. Discovery landed on September 11, 2009, at Edwards Air Force Base, which was the last landing of a shuttle to occur at the California site.
Crew
Crew notes
Nicole Stott was originally scheduled to return aboard Soyuz TMA-15, but a change in the flight plan was made due to the possible flight delays in future shuttle missions, which could have extended Canadian astronaut Robert Thirsk's mission beyond the six-month duration preferred for station crew members.
STS-128 was the final Space Shuttle flight used for ISS crew rotation, with Nicole Stott replacing Tim
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy%20Anne%20Sakovich
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Nancy Anne Sakovich (born October 8, 1961) is a Canadian actress and former model.
Life and career
Sakovich grew up in Ottawa, Ontario, and attended Laurentian High School.She began modeling locally as a teenager.
In 1981, she started studying at Trent University (Ontario) and earned a degree in biology.
Discovered by the Elite Modeling Agency, she traveled the world as an international model, moving first to New York, then settling in Europe where for three years she graced covers and runways in Germany, Italy, France and England.
Back in Canada, she appeared on various TV commercials, including Jamieson Vitamins and a series of commercials for the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.
After modeling, Sakovich turned to acting. She did a commercial for a large auto maker, and began doing guest roles for TV shows like CBC's Street Legal. She quickly landed roles in variety of TV productions, including a title role in Golden Will: The Silken Laumann Story, recurring roles on TV shows Katts and Dog, Relic Hunter, and Doc, and a major secondary role in Category 6: Day of Destruction.
She also presented the 10th Gemini Awards(1996) as a host, and participated in the MPICA's "Light, Camera, Auction" annual charity event in 2002.
Sakovich is most famous for her role as the series lead, senior data analyst Lindsay Donner, in the TV series Psi Factor: Chronicles of the Paranormal.
She now lives in Toronto, Ontario.
Partial filmography
References
External links
Nancy Anne Sa
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20string%20theory
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The history of string theory spans several decades of intense research including two superstring revolutions. Through the combined efforts of many researchers, string theory has developed into a broad and varied subject with connections to quantum gravity, particle and condensed matter physics, cosmology, and pure mathematics.
1943–1959: S-matrix theory
String theory represents an outgrowth of S-matrix theory, a research program begun by Werner Heisenberg in 1943 following John Archibald Wheeler's 1937 introduction of the S-matrix. Many prominent theorists picked up and advocated S-matrix theory, starting in the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s. The field became marginalized and discarded in the mid 1970s and disappeared in the 1980s. Physicists neglected it because some of its mathematical methods were alien, and because quantum chromodynamics supplanted it as an experimentally better-qualified approach to the strong interactions.
The theory presented a radical rethinking of the foundations of physical laws. By the 1940s it had become clear that the proton and the neutron were not pointlike particles like the electron. Their magnetic moment differed greatly from that of a pointlike spin-½ charged particle, too much to attribute the difference to a small perturbation. Their interactions were so strong that they scattered like a small sphere, not like a point. Heisenberg proposed that the strongly interacting particles were in fact extended objects, and because there are
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kummer%20sum
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In mathematics, Kummer sum is the name given to certain cubic Gauss sums for a prime modulus p, with p congruent to 1 modulo 3. They are named after Ernst Kummer, who made a conjecture about the statistical properties of their arguments, as complex numbers. These sums were known and used before Kummer, in the theory of cyclotomy.
Definition
A Kummer sum is therefore a finite sum
taken over r modulo p, where χ is a Dirichlet character taking values in the cube roots of unity, and where e(x) is the exponential function exp(2πix). Given p of the required form, there are two such characters, together with the trivial character.
The cubic exponential sum K(n,p) defined by
is easily seen to be a linear combination of the Kummer sums. In fact it is 3P where P is one of the Gaussian periods for the subgroup of index 3 in the residues mod p, under multiplication, while the Gauss sums are linear combinations of the P with cube roots of unity as coefficients. However it is the Gauss sum for which the algebraic properties hold. Such cubic exponential sums are also now called Kummer sums.
Statistical questions
It is known from the general theory of Gauss sums that
In fact the prime decomposition of G(χ) in the cyclotomic field it naturally lies in is known, giving a stronger form. What Kummer was concerned with was the argument
of G(χ). Unlike the quadratic case, where the square of the Gauss sum is known and the precise square root was determined by Gauss, here the cube of
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20D.%20Roberts
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John Dombrowski Roberts (June 8, 1918 – October 29, 2016) was an American chemist. He made contributions to the integration of physical chemistry, spectroscopy, and organic chemistry for the understanding of chemical reaction rates. Another characteristic of Roberts' work was the early use of NMR, focusing on the concept of spin coupling.
Career
Roberts received both a B.A. (1941) and Ph.D. (1944) from the University of California, Los Angeles, working under Professor William Gould Young. He held several positions at the California Institute of Technology, including division chairman of chemistry and chemical engineering from 1963 to 1968, dean of the faculty and provost from 1980 to 1983 and Institute Professor of chemistry, emeritus (1988–2016) in the Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering. He is credited with bringing the first female graduate student, Dorothy Semenow, to Caltech when he moved from MIT. He was a consultant for DuPont Central Research (1950–2008) and for Oak Ridge.
He published his autobiography in 1990, The Right Place at the Right Time. Roberts died on October 29, 2016, at the age of 98 from a stroke.
Awards and honors
Roberts was elected a Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1952. He was elected Member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1956 at 38 years old. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1974. In 1978, he was elected a Fellow of The Explorers Club. In 1984, Roberts received the Golden Plate Aw
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time%20Squared%20Academy
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Times2 STEM Academy is a charter school in Providence, Rhode Island that specializes in teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Current
The elementary, middle school and high school (grades K–12) was established in 1998. It uses standards-based instruction and computer technology to teach science and mathematics. Algebra I and general science are taught to eighth grade students.
High school students are introduced to project-based learning – for example at the laboratory sciences at Providence College, a lead higher education partner. Seniors undertake internships in engineering, math, science, technology, and enrichment courses at local colleges and universities.
The current elementary principal is Glenn Piros who joined in August 2013. He replaced Tom Lombardi who had replaced Antonio DiManna, who was principal until June 2011. The current executive director is Dr. Rudy Moseley, who joined in October 2015.
Educational program
Students are taught using practices such as student-generated projects, enrichment initiatives, multiple assessments, and university and business partnerships.
Times2 STEM Academy uses the New Standards for curriculum development and implementation in its core subject areas. By using literacy and writing across all curricular areas, teachers build a foundation of learning that supports the school's program.
To assist the middle and upper school in identifying those competencies and qualities that are crucial for students to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon%20Berson
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Solomon Aaron Berson (April 22, 1918 – April 11, 1972) was an American physician and scientist whose discoveries, mostly together with Rosalyn Yalow, caused major advances in clinical biochemistry. Five years after Berson's death, Yalow received a Nobel Prize, which cannot be awarded posthumously, for their joint work on the radioimmunoassay.
Biography
Early life
Born in New York City, Berson was a keen musician and chess player. He graduated from the City College of New York in 1938. After failing to obtain a place in medical school he earned an MSc (1939) and an anatomy instructorship at New York University before finally securing a place in NYU medical school in 1941. He completed his degree (Alpha Omega Alpha) in 1945, and after internships in Boston and two years in the army he returned to New York to do an internal medicine residency at the Bronx Veterans Administration Hospital.
Scientific career
Berson's scientific work started in 1950, when he became a member of the Radioisotope Service of the hospital, where he teamed with Rosalyn Yalow in what eventually became an historic research partnership. He also set up a thyroid service, where his approach was felt lastingly. Their early laboratory work concerned iodine and human serum albumin metabolism, but later on in the decade they shifted their focus to insulin, a hormone which was difficult to measure in the blood. They developed the radioimmunoassay, which gave very good results, and published their findings i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuphar%20advena
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Nuphar advena (spatterdock or cow lily or yellow pond-lily) is a species of Nuphar native throughout the eastern United States and in some parts of Canada, such as Nova Scotia. It is similar to the Eurasian species N. lutea, and is treated as a subspecies of it by some botanists, though differing significantly in genetics.
It is locally naturalized in Britain.
Uses
Spatterdock was long used in traditional medicine, with the root applied to the skin and/or both the root and seeds eaten for a variety of conditions. The seeds are edible, and can be ground into flour. The root is edible too, but can prove to be incredibly bitter in some plants.
References
External links
Yellow Pond Lily
Nymphaeaceae
Aquatic plants
Edible plants
Medicinal plants
Flora of Northern America
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-simplicial%20set
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In mathematics, a pro-simplicial set is an inverse system of simplicial sets.
A pro-simplicial set is called pro-finite if each term of the inverse system of simplicial sets has finite homotopy groups.
Pro-simplicial sets show up in shape theory, in the study of localization and completion in homotopy theory, and in the study of homotopy properties of schemes (e.g. étale homotopy theory).
References
.
.
Simplicial sets
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XF5700%20Mantis%20Experimental%20Fighter
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XF5700 Mantis Experimental Fighter is a space combat simulator developed by Paragon Software and published by MicroProse under their Microplay Software label for DOS in 1992.
Gameplay
Using what was dubbed "real physics", the XF5700 Mantis attempts to simulate space physics otherwise known as Newtonian physics. If the thrust is hit, the craft will glide through space (like a boat through water) and will not change directions readily like in other space sims. The game's artificial intelligence is faulty at times, Sirian craft could always target the player and plot a suicide course against the player rather than trying to kill the wingmates. Some missions tend to be repetitive. Later on, a digitized speechpack upgrade was released.
Later on a CD-ROM version was released, containing (very early) video-captured sequences, the speech pack, numerous new animated cutscenes and an extra campaign, where you fought a new alien race called the "rexum".
Plot
Based on Warhead by Glyn Williams, Mantis takes the plot further by using 90 missions. In what is possibly a rewrite of Williams's game, the invasion by the Sirian aliens (now dubbed "Sirians") takes place on March 16, 2094, leaving 3 billion humans dead. Earth was unprepared for the attack due to a recent war in the Middle East (Eurisian War) that took place thus exhausting the resources for defense against aliens. After Earth was devastated, the governments were dissolved in favor of a unified power called the Fist of Earth. FO
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Bishop%27s%20Stortford%20High%20School
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The Bishop's Stortford High School (often abbreviated to TBSHS) is a comprehensive secondary school, with a coeducational sixth form, in Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England. The school admits boys aged 11 to 16 in the first five forms, with a mixed sixth form of boys and girls aged 16 to 18. The school has specialisms in Mathematics and Computing, focusing on these areas as well as music, drama and sport, possessing state-of-the-art in-house computing facilities and providing assistance to local schools in this area. The current Headmaster, Mr D Reeve, was appointed in January 2014.
History
From the 1980s onwards the school extensively added to its original buildings; a dedicated Sixth Form Centre was built and the Turing Suite (an extensive computing and ICT facility, named after Alan Turing) was constructed. A drama studio named 'Broadway' and an on-site sports pavilion were also added to the school, in addition to the set of playing fields at Jobber's Wood. The school site also has 'Newton', a combined Design technology, Science and Languages block named after Sir Isaac Newton, which opened in 1995.
Awards and recognition
Former Deputy Head Paul Noble was recognised as a regional winner in the 2000 BT Award for Most Creative Use of ICT – Secondary.
In 2003, two students from the school were national champions in the English-Speaking Union's Public Speaking Competition, winning the English national final out of a field of 500 schools. In the faceoff of the English
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug%20Lee
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Doug Lee may refer to:
Doug Lee (basketball) (born 1964), US basketball player
Doug Lee (musician) in Mekong Delta (band)
See also
Doug Lea, professor of computer science
Douglas Lee (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbert%20Dysart%20Botts
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Elbert Dysart Botts (January 2, 1893 – April 10, 1962) was the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) engineer credited with overseeing the research that led to the development of Botts' dots and possibly the epoxy used to attach them to the road.
Botts was born in Missouri in 1893 and was a professor of chemistry at San Jose State College when he was recruited to Caltrans.
He is credited with leading the division of the Caltrans research laboratory (Translab) that conducted the initial research into identifying the best shapes and materials for raised pavement markers. Much of the necessary field research was conducted by his team on a new freeway in West Sacramento in the spring of 1955. Although the initial goal was to improve lane visibility, it was at this point that the tactile feedback provided by the dots was discovered.
At Caltrans, Botts dots were developed as a way to address the problem of paint disappearing when under water.
Botts never lived to see the success of his research. He died in April 1962 and his work on the dots was filed away; it was not even mentioned in his obituary in Translab's internal newsletter. Two years later, his research was rediscovered when his division, now under the direction of Herbert Rooney, decided to conduct further research into raised pavement markers. At this time, Translab developed the modern pattern of interspersing plastic square reflectors between groups of four round polyester or epoxy dots. This pattern
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9%20van%20Monckhoven
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Désiré Charles Emanuel van Monckhoven (1834–1882) was a Belgian chemist, physicist, and photographic researcher. He was also an inventor and author.
Background
Monckhoven studied chemistry and lived at Ghent, in the Flemish Region of Belgium. At 18 he published his Traite general de pbotographie, In 1862 he published Traite populaire de photographie sur collodion. He introduced the dialytic enlarger and in 1864 made improvements to David Acheson Woodward's solar camera used for making photographic enlargements. Monckhoven also studied photographic optics, publishing Photographische Optik, in 1866. In 1867 he moved to Vienna and set up a studio with portrait photographer Rabending before returning to Ghent in 1870. Here he set up a laboratory where he carried out experiments in the ripening of gelatine silver bromide. Instruction sur le procede au gelatino-bromure d' argent was published in 1879 and Du gelatino-bromure d' argent in 1880.
Works
He wrote several of the earliest books on photography and photographic optics. His original French works were later translated to English and other languages.
He invented or developed an enlarger (1864), a dry collodion process (1871), improvements of the carbon print process (1875–80), and improved silver-bromide gelatine emulsions.
Selected work
1857 – Méthodes simplifiées de photographie sur papier (Simplified methods of photography on paper). Paris : Marion.
1858 – Procédé nouveau de photographie sur plaques de fer: et noti
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Period%20mapping
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In mathematics, in the field of algebraic geometry, the period mapping relates families of Kähler manifolds to families of Hodge structures.
Ehresmann's theorem
Let be a holomorphic submersive morphism. For a point b of B, we denote the fiber of f over b by Xb. Fix a point 0 in B. Ehresmann's theorem guarantees that there is a small open neighborhood U around 0 in which f becomes a fiber bundle. That is, is diffeomorphic to . In particular, the composite map
is a diffeomorphism. This diffeomorphism is not unique because it depends on the choice of trivialization. The trivialization is constructed from smooth paths in U, and it can be shown that the homotopy class of the diffeomorphism depends only on the choice of a homotopy class of paths from b to 0. In particular, if U is contractible, there is a well-defined diffeomorphism up to homotopy.
The diffeomorphism from Xb to X0 induces an isomorphism of cohomology groups
and since homotopic maps induce identical maps on cohomology, this isomorphism depends only on the homotopy class of the path from b to 0.
Local unpolarized period mappings
Assume that f is proper and that X0 is a Kähler variety. The Kähler condition is open, so after possibly shrinking U, Xb is compact and Kähler for all b in U. After shrinking U further we may assume that it is contractible. Then there is a well-defined isomorphism between the cohomology groups of X0 and Xb. These isomorphisms of cohomology groups will not in general pres
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tightness
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Tightness may refer to:
In mathematics,
Tightness of (a collection of) measures is a concept in measure (and probability), theory in mathematics
Tightness (topology) is also a cardinal function used in general topology
In economics,
Tightness refers to the degree to which the number of unemployed workers exceed the number of posted job vacancies (or vice versa).
Market tightness, a point in time where it is very difficult to invest, but it is far easier to sell or to remove investments in return of monetary rewards
In other fields,
Tightness of a rope indicates the rope is under tension
Tightness of a sealing means it is impermeable, that it seals well
Tightness is the art of being 'tight' (i.e., stingy or miserly)
Tightness can refer to something being cool
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University%20of%20Ruse
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"Angel Kanchev" University of Ruse () is a public university in the city of Ruse, Bulgaria. The university was formed on 21 July 1995 by the dissolution of Higher Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Mechanisation and Electrification of Agriculture () which was commonly known as () with establishment date 12 November 1945. This was the first national higher technical school outside the Bulgarian capital.
The University of Ruse employs 31 professors, 177 docents and another 85 assistants with Doctor of Science qualification.
The tradition and the geography of the University of Ruse determine its mission and its strategic role of an educational, scientific and intellectual center of the Ruse region and northeast Bulgaria on the national and the international levels. The university has two subsidiaries structures in the cities of Silistra and Razgrad.
University of Ruse was selected by the European Commission for the TEMPUS program of 18 universities from 11 Central European countries that have achieved the best results in the transformation of higher education. It is a regular member of the European Universities Association (EUA) and of the Danube Rectors' Conference (DRC). It participates in CEEPUS, SOCRATES / ERASMUS and LEONARDO DA VINCI programs. International approval is to confirm that he built and developed as a modern university with European level of education. Due to the implementation of the credit system, the university has been conferred the ECTS label.
Faculti
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus%20von%20Dinkelsb%C3%BChl
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Nikolaus von Dinkelsbühl was an Austrian Roman Catholic clergyman, pulpit orator and theologian.
Biography
He was born c. 1360, in Dinkelsbühl. He studied at the University of Vienna where he is mentioned as baccalaureus in the faculty of Arts in 1385. Magister in 1390, he lectured in philosophy, mathematics and physics until 1397, and from 1402 to 1405. From 1397 he was dean of the faculty; he studied theology, lecturing until 1402 on theological subjects, first as cursor biblicus, and later on the Sentences of Peter Lombard. In 1405 he became bachelor of Divinity, in 1408 licentiate and in 1409 doctor and member of the theological faculty. Rector of the university, 1405–6, he declined the honor of a re-election in 1409. From 1405 he was also canon at the Viennese cathedral of St. Stephen. The supposition of several early authors that he was a member of the Order of the Hermits of St. Augustine is incorrect, for he could not have been rector of the university had he been a member of any order.
Eminent as teacher and pulpit orator, Nikolaus possessed great business acumen and was frequently chosen as ambassador both by the university and the reigning prince. He represented Duke Albert V of Austria at the Council of Constance (1414–18) and the University of Vienna in the trial of Thiem, dean of the Passau cathedral.
When Emperor Sigismund came to Constance, Nikolaus delivered an address on the abolition of the schism ("Sermo de unione Ecclesiae in Concilium Constantiense,
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNQX
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DNQX (6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione) is a competitive antagonist at AMPA and kainate receptors, two ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) subfamilies. It is used in a variety of molecular biology subfields, notably neurophysiology, to assist researchers in determining the properties of various types of ion channels and their potential applications in medicine.
DNQX (an AMPA receptor antagonist) displays significant effects on neurons. When applied to rat hippocampus neurons in culture, it produces a dose-dependent neurotoxicity which intriguingly seems to operate through a mechanism independent of ionotropic glutamate receptors. This effect is specific to neurons and does not impact the surrounding glial cells.
In the context of amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice, DNQX demonstrates the capacity to block both the onset and the manifestation of this sensitization. Rather than impacting the overall amphetamine activity, DNQX specifically intervenes in the sensitization process. This phenomenon might be attributed to the activation of excitatory amino acid receptors which subsequently provoke an increased dopamine release in the striatum. Therefore, DNQX's actions appear to be both potent and specific hinting at complex mechanisms beyond traditional ionotropic glutamate receptor pathways.
An activation of both AMPA/kainate and dopaminergic receptors in the nucleus accumbens may be crucial for the reward response triggered by psychostimulant drugs. Dopamin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaffer%20%28company%29
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Shaffer, a subsidiary of NOV Inc., is a manufacturer and distributor of pressure control devices for the petroleum industry. The company's products include blowout preventers, control systems, riser string packages, choke valves, riser tensioners, and drill string compensators.
History
In 1922, William D. Shaffer founded the Shaffer Tool Works in Brea, California to supply the oilfield industry during the second Santa Fe Springs, California oil boom. The company was incorporated in 1938. Shaffer bought the oil field equipment business of Alco Products in 1962.
In 1968, Shaffer, except its Houston, Texas-based Bayport Fabrication division, was bought by Oakland-based Rucker Corporation for and changed its name to Rucker Shaffer. It was again sold in 1977 to National Lead, which became known as NL Shaffer. In 1979, NL Shaffer purchased Koomey Control Systems. In 1992, NL Shaffer joined with Varco, which merged with National Oilwell to become National Oilwell Varco in 2005.
Notable firsts
Developed the first subsea well completion system in the mid 1950s for Texaco and Union Oil.
Developed the first spherical blowout preventer in 1972.
Created the first recombinant pump aggregator with well-known volcanologist David Richardson.
References
Further reading
Manufacturing companies of the United States
Petroleum production
Manufacturing companies established in 1928
American companies established in 1928
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yahalom%20%28surname%29
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Yahalom may refer to:
Joseph Yahalom (; born 1941), an Israeli professor of Hebrew literature
Shaul Yahalom (; born 1947), Israeli politician
Yaglom
Yaglom, Jaglom () are Russianized Hebrew form:
Isaak Moiseevich Yaglom (; 1921, Kharkiv - 1988), a Jewish Ukrainian/Soviet mathematician and author of popular mathematics books
Akiva Moiseevich Yaglom (; 1921, Kharkiv - 2007), a Jewish Ukrainian-Russian physicist, mathematician, statistician, and meteorologist
Henry Jaglom, film director
References
Hebrew-language surnames
Surnames of Jewish origin
Surnames of Ukrainian origin
ru:Яхалом (значения)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20McSween
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Harry "Hap" Y. McSween Jr. is Chancellor's Professor Emeritus of Planetary Geoscience at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville. He has published papers and popular books about meteorites and planetary exploration, and textbooks on geochemistry and cosmochemistry.
Biography
McSween was born September 29, 1945, in Charlotte, North Carolina. After finishing school he attended The Citadel, where he graduated with a B.S. in chemistry in 1967. He then pursued an M.S. in geology at the University of Georgia, where he graduated in 1969. The title of his thesis was "Petrological and geochemical studies in the Coronaca area, Greenwood County, South Carolina". He then joined the Air Force where he was a pilot flying C-141 aircraft around the world.
After his military service he went on to Harvard, where he became John A. Wood's first graduate student. It was here that Edward Stolper and he came up with the idea that some meteorites might originate from Mars. After graduating with a PhD in 1977, he joined the faculty of the University of Tennessee. He became involved with the Mars Pathfinder mission in 1997 as a member of the science team, then on the team for Mars Global Surveyor. Since then McSween has been a co-investigator on the Mars Odyssey, Mars Exploration Rovers and Dawn asteroid orbiter missions.
McSween has been the elected President of the Meteoritical Society, Chair of the Planetary Division of the Geological Society of America, and Councilor and President of the Geol
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20environmental%20books
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Humans have been writing about the environment for centuries, and the environment has figured prominently as a theme in both Western and Eastern philosophies. Books about or featuring the environment as a prominent theme have proliferated especially since the middle of the twentieth century. The rise of environmental science, which has encouraged interdisciplinary approaches to studying the environment, and the environmental movement, which has increased public and political awareness of humanity's impact on the environment, have been highly influential. The 1962 publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring has been regarded as particularly important in popularizing environmental science and helping to launch the modern environmental movement. The emergence of the environmental humanities, including fields like environmental history, has also been important in bridging divides between the sciences and humanities and encouraging further interdisciplinary approaches. The environment also features prominently in much fictional literature.
This page is a list of environmental books. In this context they are notable books that feature the environment as a major theme, including human impacts on the environment.
Non-fiction environmental books
Non-fiction accounts are ones that are presented as factual, although often in the context of subjective argument. Non-fiction environmental books may, for example, be the products of scholarly or journalistic work. The books in this list i
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Adem
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José Adem (27 October 1921 – 14 February 1991) was a Mexican mathematician who worked in algebraic topology, and proved the Adem relations between Steenrod squares.
Life and education
Born José Adem Chahín in Tuxpan, Veracruz, (published his works as José Adem), Adem showed an interest in mathematics from an early age, and moved to Mexico City in 1941 to pursue a degree in engineering and mathematics. He obtained his B.S. in mathematics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) in 1949. During this time met Solomon Lefschetz, a famous algebraic topologist who was spending prolonged periods of time in Mexico. Lefschetz recognized Adem's mathematical talent, and sent him as a doctoral student to Princeton University where he graduated in 1952. His dissertation, Iterations of the squaring operations in algebraic topology, was written under the supervision of Norman Steenrod and introduced what are now called the Adem relations.
His brother is geophysicist Julián Adem, who obtained a Ph.D. in applied mathematics from Brown University in 1953. Julián's son is topologist Alejandro Adem.
Career
Adem became a researcher at the Mathematics Institute of UNAM (1954–1961), and then head of the Mathematics Department at the Instituto Politécnico Nacional (1961–1973).
He was elected to El Colegio Nacional on 4 April 1960.
In 1951 he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. In 1956, Adem started the second series of the Boletín de la Sociedad Matemática Mexicana.
Publicati
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Form%20factor%20%28quantum%20field%20theory%29
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In elementary particle physics and mathematical physics, in particular in effective field theory, a form factor is a function that encapsulates the properties of a certain particle interaction without including all of the underlying physics, but instead, providing the momentum dependence of suitable matrix elements. It is further measured experimentally in confirmation or specification of a theory—see experimental particle physics.
Photon–nucleon example
For example, at low energies the interaction of a photon with a nucleon is a very complicated calculation involving interactions between the photon and a sea of quarks and gluons, and often the calculation cannot be fully performed from first principles. Often in this context, form factors are also called "structure functions", since they can be used to describe the structure of the nucleon.
However, the generic Lorentz-invariant form of the matrix element for the electromagnetic current interaction is known,
where represents the photon momentum (equal in magnitude to E/c, where E is the energy of the photon). The three functions: are associated to the electric and magnetic form factors for this interaction, and are routinely measured experimentally; these three effective vertices can then be used to check, or perform calculations that would otherwise be too difficult to perform from first principles. This matrix element then serves to determine the transition amplitude involved in the scattering interaction or the re
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLP-FRT%20recombination
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In genetics, Flp-FRT recombination is a site-directed recombination technology, increasingly used to manipulate an organism's DNA under controlled conditions in vivo. It is analogous to Cre-lox recombination but involves the recombination of sequences between short flippase recognition target (FRT) sites by the recombinase flippase (Flp) derived from the 2 µ plasmid of baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The 34bp minimal FRT site sequence has the sequence
5'3'
for which flippase (Flp) binds to both 13-bp 5'-GAAGTTCCTATTC-3' arms flanking the 8 bp spacer, i.e. the site-specific recombination (region of crossover) in reverse orientation. FRT-mediated cleavage occurs just ahead from the asymmetric 8bp core region (5'3') on the top strand and behind this sequence on the bottom strand. Several variant FRT sites exist, but recombination can usually occur only between two identical FRTs but generally not among non-identical ("heterospecific") FRTs.
Biological function
In yeast, this enzyme corrects decreases in 2 µ plasmid copy number caused by rare missegregation events. It does so by causing recombination between the two inverted repetitions on the 2 µ plasmid during DNA replication. This changes the direction of one replication fork, causing multiple rounds of copying in a single initiation.
Mutations of the FRT site sequence
Senecoff et al. (1987) investigated how nucleotide substitutions within the FRT affected the efficacy of the FLP-mediated recombination. The aut
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class%20formation
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In mathematics, a class formation is a topological group acting on a module satisfying certain conditions. Class formations were introduced by Emil Artin and John Tate to organize the various Galois groups and modules that appear in class field theory.
Definitions
A formation is a topological group G together with a topological G-module A on which G acts continuously.
A layer E/F of a formation is a pair of open subgroups E, F of G such that F is a finite index subgroup of E. It is called a normal layer if
F is a normal subgroup of E, and a cyclic layer if in addition the quotient group is cyclic.
If E is a subgroup of G, then AE is defined to be the elements of A fixed by E.
We write
Hn(E/F)
for the Tate cohomology group
Hn(E/F, AF) whenever E/F is a normal layer. (Some authors think of E and F as fixed fields rather than subgroup of G, so write F/E instead of E/F.)
In applications, G is often the absolute Galois group of a field, and in particular is profinite, and the open subgroups therefore correspond to the finite extensions of the field contained in some fixed separable closure.
A class formation is a formation
such that for every normal layer E/F
H1(E/F) is trivial, and
H2(E/F) is cyclic of order |E/F|.
In practice, these cyclic groups come provided with canonical generators uE/F ∈ H2(E/F),
called fundamental classes, that are compatible with each other in the sense that
the restriction (of cohomology classes) of a fundamental class is another fundamental class.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact%20inhibition
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In cell biology, contact inhibition refers to two different but closely related phenomena: contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL) and contact inhibition of proliferation (CIP). CIL refers to the avoidance behavior exhibited by fibroblast-like cells when in contact with one another. In most cases, when two cells contact each other, they attempt to alter their locomotion in a different direction to avoid future collision. When collision is unavoidable, a different phenomenon occurs whereby growth of the cells of the culture itself eventually stops in a cell-density dependent manner. Both types of contact inhibition are well-known properties of normal cells and contribute to the regulation of proper tissue growth, differentiation, and development. It is worth noting that both types of regulation are normally negated and overcome during organogenesis during embryonic development and tissue and wound healing. However, contact inhibition of locomotion and proliferation are both aberrantly absent in cancer cells, and the absence of this regulation contributes to tumorigenesis.
Mechanism
Contact inhibition is a regulatory mechanism that functions to keep cells growing into a layer one cell thick (a monolayer). If a cell has plenty of available substrate space, it replicates rapidly and moves freely. This process continues until the cells occupy the entire substratum. At this point, normal cells will stop replicating.
As motile cells come into contact in confluent cultures, they e
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTX
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PTX may refer to:
Places
Plano, Texas, a city in the United States
Contador Airport (IATA airport code: PTX, ICAO airport code: SKPI) Pitalito, Huila, Colombia.
Putian West railway station (rail code: PTX) Guancheng Hui, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
Biology and medicine
Pentraxin, a protein domain and family
Paclitaxel, an anticancer drug
Pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of G-protein coupled receptors
Palytoxin, an extremely poisonous vasoconstrictor
Picrotoxin, a poisonous crystalline plant alkaloid
Pumiliotoxin, found in dart frogs
Pneumothorax, a medical condition also sometimes called "collapsed lung"
Computing
Parallel Thread Execution, an intermediary assembler language by NVIDIA
ptx (Unix), a Unix command-line utility producing a permuted index
.ptx, RAW image format for Pentax cameras
.ptx, the file extension for the session project file for Pro Tools 10 and later
Other uses
PTX, a series of military explosives from WWII, see List of explosives used during World War II
PTX, a series of fictional robots in the video game 2nd Super Robot Wars Original Generation
Pentatonix, an American a cappella group
PTX (album), a 2014 album by Pentatonix
Prescient Therapeutics (stock ticker: PTX) drug company
Pillowtex Corporation (stock ticker: PTX) bedware company
See also
Providence Therapeutics (product code prefix: PTX) a biotechnology company
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s%20Laczkovich
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Miklós Laczkovich (born 21 February 1948) is a Hungarian mathematician mainly noted for his work on real analysis and geometric measure theory. His most famous result is the solution of Tarski's circle-squaring problem in 1989.
Career
Laczkovich received his degree in mathematics in 1971 at Eötvös Loránd University, where he has been teaching ever since, currently leading the Department of Analysis. He was also a professor at University College London, where he is now a professor emeritus. He became corresponding member (1993), then member (1998) of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He has held several guest professor positions in the UK, Canada, Italy and the United States.
Also being a prolific author, he published over 100 papers and two books, one of which, Conjecture and Proof, was an international success. One of his results is the solution of the Kemperman problem: if f is a real function which satisfies 2f(x) ≤ f(x + h) + f(x + 2h) for every h > 0, then f is monotonically increasing.
Books
Honours
Ostrowski Prize (1993)
Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (corresponding: 1993, full: 1998)
Széchenyi Prize (1998)
Trivium
Laczkovich enjoys and performs classical music; he has been active in various choirs in the past decades.
References
External links
Homepage at Eötvös Loránd University
Homepage at University College London
A:N:S Chorus, an ensemble focused on 15th-century polyphonic music, of which he is a member
1948 births
Living people
20
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zo%C3%A1rd%20Ge%C5%91cze
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Zoárd Geőcze de Szendrő (1873–1916) was a Hungarian mathematician famous for his theory of surfaces (Horváth 2005:219ff). He was born on 23 August 1873 in Budapest, Hungary and died on 26 November 1916 in Budapest.
References
János Horváth, ed. (2005), A Panorama of Hungarian Mathematics in the Twentieth Century, volume 1, Springer.
19th-century Hungarian mathematicians
20th-century Hungarian mathematicians
1873 births
1916 deaths
Mathematicians from Austria-Hungary
Zoard
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shotgun%20lipidomics
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In lipidomics, the process of shotgun lipidomics (named by analogy with shotgun sequencing) uses analytical chemistry to investigate the biological function, significance, and sequelae of alterations in lipids and protein constituents mediating lipid metabolism, trafficking, or biological function in cells.
Lipidomics has been greatly facilitated by recent advances in, and novel applications of, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS).
Lipidomics is a research field that studies the pathways and networks of cellular lipids in biological systems (i.e., lipidomes) on a large scale. It involves the identification and quantification of the thousands of cellular lipid molecular species and their interactions with other lipids, proteins, and other moieties in vivo. Investigators in lipidomics examine the structures, functions, interactions, and dynamics of cellular lipids and the dynamic changes that occur during pathophysiologic perturbations. Lipidomic studies play an essential role in defining the biochemical mechanisms of lipid-related disease processes through identifying alterations in cellular lipid metabolism, trafficking and homeostasis. The two major platforms currently used for lipidomic analyses are HPLC-MS and shotgun lipidomics.
History
Shotgun lipidomics was developed by Richard W. Gross and Xianlin Han, by employing ESI intrasource separation techniques. Individual molecular species of most major and many minor lipid classes can be fingerprinted and q
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic%20acyclic%20finite%20state%20automaton
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In computer science, a deterministic acyclic finite state automaton (DAFSA),
also called a directed acyclic word graph (DAWG; though that name also refers to a related data structure that functions as a suffix index)
is a data structure that represents a set of strings, and allows for a query operation that tests whether a given string belongs to the set in time proportional to its length. Algorithms exist to construct and maintain such automata, while keeping them minimal.
A DAFSA is a special case of a finite state recognizer that takes the form of a directed acyclic graph with a single source vertex (a vertex with no incoming edges), in which each edge of the graph is labeled by a letter or symbol, and in which each vertex has at most one outgoing edge for each possible letter or symbol. The strings represented by the DAFSA are formed by the symbols on paths in the graph from the source vertex to any sink vertex (a vertex with no outgoing edges). In fact, a deterministic finite state automaton is acyclic if and only if it recognizes a finite set of strings.
Comparison to tries
By allowing the same vertices to be reached by multiple paths, a DAFSA may use significantly fewer vertices than the strongly related trie data structure. Consider, for example, the four English words "tap", "taps", "top", and "tops". A trie for those four words would have 12 vertices, one for each of the strings formed as a prefix of one of these words, or for one of the words followed by the end
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter%20Hendrik%20Schoute
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Pieter Hendrik Schoute (21 January 1846, Wormerveer – 18 April 1913, Groningen) was a Dutch mathematician known for his work on regular polytopes and Euclidean geometry.
He started his career as a civil engineer, but became a professor of mathematics at Groningen and published some thirty papers on polytopes between 1878 and his death in 1913. He collaborated with Alicia Boole Stott on describing the sections of the regular 4-polytopes.
In 1886, he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Citations
References
Pieter Hendrik Schoute, Analytical treatment of the polytopes regularly derived from the regular polytopes., 1911, published by J. Muller in Amsterdam, Written in English. - 82 pages
External links
19th-century Dutch mathematicians
20th-century Dutch mathematicians
Geometers
1846 births
1923 deaths
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
People from Zaanstad
Delft University of Technology alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20phylogenetics%20software
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This list of phylogenetics software is a compilation of computational phylogenetics software used to produce phylogenetic trees. Such tools are commonly used in comparative genomics, cladistics, and bioinformatics. Methods for estimating phylogenies include neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony (also simply referred to as parsimony), UPGMA, Bayesian phylogenetic inference, maximum likelihood and distance matrix methods.
List
See also
List of phylogenetic tree visualization software
References
External links
Complete list of Institut Pasteur phylogeny webservers
ExPASy List of phylogenetics programs
A very comprehensive list of phylogenetic tools (reconstruction, visualization, etc.)
Another list of evolutionary genetics software
A list of phylogenetic software provided by the Zoological Research Museum A. Koenig
MicrobeTrace available at https://github.com/CDCgov/MicrobeTrace/wiki
Genetics databases
Phylo
Phylogenetics
Phylogenetics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan%20Jansz%20de%20Jonge%20Stampioen
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Jan Jansz de Jonge Stampioen (1610, Rotterdam - 1653, The Hague) was a Dutch mathematician famous for his published work on spherical trigonometry. In 1638 he moved to The Hague to become tutor of William II, Prince of Orange. In 1644 he was employed to tutor Christiaan Huygens in mathematics.
External links
Biography
Frontpage of the book on algebra (1639) for William II
1610 births
1653 deaths
17th-century Dutch mathematicians
Dutch cartographers
Scientists from Rotterdam
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence%20%28computer%20science%29
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In computer science, persistence refers to the characteristic of state of a system that outlives (persists more than) the process that created it. This is achieved in practice by storing the state as data in computer data storage. Programs have to transfer data to and from storage devices and have to provide mappings from the native programming-language data structures to the storage device data structures.
Picture editing programs or word processors, for example, achieve state persistence by saving their documents to files.
Orthogonal or transparent persistence
Persistence is said to be "orthogonal" or "transparent" when it is implemented as an intrinsic property of the execution environment of a program. An orthogonal persistence environment does not require any specific actions by programs running in it to retrieve or save their state.
Non-orthogonal persistence requires data to be written and read to and from storage using specific instructions in a program, resulting in the use of persist as a transitive verb: On completion, the program persists the data.
The advantage of orthogonal persistence environments is simpler and less error-prone programs.
The term "persistent" was first introduced by Atkinson and Morrison in the sense of orthogonal persistence: they used an adjective rather than a verb to emphasize persistence as a property of the data, as distinct from an imperative action performed by a program. The use of the transitive verb "persist" (describing an act
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighted%20majority%20algorithm%20%28machine%20learning%29
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In machine learning, weighted majority algorithm (WMA) is a meta learning algorithm used to construct a compound algorithm from a pool of prediction algorithms, which could be any type of learning algorithms, classifiers, or even real human experts.
The algorithm assumes that we have no prior knowledge about the accuracy of the algorithms in the pool, but there are sufficient reasons to believe that one or more will perform well.
Assume that the problem is a binary decision problem. To construct the compound algorithm, a positive weight is given to each of the algorithms in the pool. The compound algorithm then collects weighted votes from all the algorithms in the pool, and gives the prediction that has a higher vote. If the compound algorithm makes a mistake, the algorithms in the pool that contributed to the wrong predicting will be discounted by a certain ratio β where 0<β<1.
It can be shown that the upper bounds on the number of mistakes made in a given sequence of predictions from a pool of algorithms is
if one algorithm in makes at most mistakes.
There are many variations of the weighted majority algorithm to handle different situations, like shifting targets, infinite pools, or randomized predictions. The core mechanism remains similar, with the final performances of the compound algorithm bounded by a function of the performance of the specialist (best performing algorithm) in the pool.
See also
Randomized weighted majority algorithm
References
Machine l
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predecessor
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Predecessor may refer to:
A holy person announcing the approaching appearance of a prophet, see precursor
Predecessor (graph theory), a term in graph theory
The predecessor problem, a problem in theoretical computer science
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Barres
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Ben A. Barres (September 13, 1954 – December 27, 2017) was an American neurobiologist at Stanford University. His research focused on the interaction between neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. Beginning in 2008, he was chair of the Neurobiology Department at Stanford University School of Medicine. He transitioned to male in 1997, and became the first openly transgender scientist in the National Academy of Sciences in 2013.
Early life and education
Barres was born on September 13, 1954, in West Orange, New Jersey, assigned female as Barbara A. Barres. As a child, his salesman father and homemaker mother saw him as a tomboy. He later recalled: "Internally I felt strongly that I was a boy. This was evident in everything about my behavior." Attending a West Orange school, Barres excelled in mathematics and science and was impressed by his eighth-grade teacher, Jeffrey Davis.
At the age of 17, he learned that he had been born with Müllerian agenesis, for which he received surgical correction. He obtained a Bachelor of Science in Biology from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1976), a medical degree (MD) from Dartmouth Medical School (1979), and a residency in neurology at Weill Cornell Medicine. During his residency, Barres noted the lack of knowledge about the causes or cures of neurodegeneration. In studying pathology reports, he noticed a correlation between neural degeneration and irregular patterns of glial cells in the brain and, intrigued, resigned his re
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexicographic%20product
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In mathematics, a lexicographical or lexicographic product may be formed of
graphs – see lexicographic product of graphs
orders – see lexicographical order
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20J.%20Asher
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David J. Asher (born 1966, Edinburgh) is a British astronomer, who works at the Armagh Observatory (IAU code 981) in Northern Ireland.
He studied mathematics at Cambridge and received his doctorate from Oxford.
He is known for the meteor research that he conducts with Robert McNaught.
In 1999 and 2000, they accurately gauged when the Leonids meteor shower would peak, while underestimating the peak intensities.
The Mars-crosser asteroid 6564 Asher, discovered by Robert McNaught in 1992, was named in his honor.
References
External links
David Asher at star.arm.ac.uk
1966 births
21st-century British astronomers
20th-century British astronomers
Discoverers of asteroids
Living people
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varol%20Akman
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Varol Akman (born 8 June 1957, Antalya, Turkey) is Professor of Computer Engineering in Bilkent University, Ankara.
An academic of engineering background, Akman obtained his B.A in Electrical Engineering from the Middle East Technical University in Ankara. He then continued his graduate studies and obtained his Ph.D. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute under the tutelage of influential logician William Randolph Franklin.
Among his research interests are artificial intelligence, linguistics, social aspects of the Internet, Donald Davidson's philosophy and pragmatics. His articles have been published in journals such as Pragmatics and Cognition, Computational Intelligence, Minds and Machines, and Language and Communication.
He was influential in the founding of the Department of Philosophy in Bilkent University.
References
External links
list of publications
dblp computer science bibliography profile
Web of Science profile
Scopus profile
Semantic Scholar profile
Google Scholar profile
PhilPeople profile
ORCID profile
ResearchGate profile
Turkish non-fiction writers
Turkish scientists
Turkish computer scientists
1957 births
Living people
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGill%20University%20Solarcar%20Team
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McGill University's Solar Car Team was composed of students from the faculties of Engineering and Computer Science. From 1990 - 2010, the team designed, built, tested and raced 3 generations of solar vehicles in international competitions. Under the brand Team iSun, the team placed 9th in the 2003 American Solar Challenge from Chicago to Los Angeles, and notably produced the lightest solar vehicle in the competition at 318 lbs. Through the production and racing of solar vehicles, the students on the team learn and exercise teamwork, personal initiative, and responsibility - not only in the engineering disciplines of design and analysis, but also in construction, marketing, project management, and promotion. Team members make an effort to promote engineering and computer science careers in their frequent meetings with elementary school, high school, and CEGEP students.
The Cars
Team RaPower
McGill University's first generation solar car
Team Northern Sun
McGill University's second generation solar car
Team iSun
iSun is McGill University's third generation solar car.
iSun raced in the 2002 Formula Sun Grand Prix in Topeka Kansas, and the 2003 American Solar Challenge from Chicago to Los Angeles where iSun was the lightest entry weighing in a 318 lbs.
Name:
No. of Passager: 1
Speed: Drove at 109 km/h during NASC, top achievable speed 130 km/h
Weight: 340 lb without driver; 520 lb with the driver.
Battery: 30 kg lithium polymer battery pack from Kokam
Motor: New Generatio
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zahn%27s%20construct
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Zahn's construct, in computer science, was a proposed structure for structured control flow in computer programming languages first described by Charles T. Zahn in 1974. The construct is primarily described in terms of an extension to looping constructs to recognize multiple means by which a loop could terminate. For example, a search loop might terminate early, when the target is found; or it might terminate after the search has been completed unsuccessfully. Zahn's construct can be used to avoid GO TO statements when determining which case was encountered. Zahn does this by introducing a new kind of variable called a situation indicator in a CASE-like construct following the loop.
Donald Knuth, in his paper "Structured Programming with Go To Statements", describes two forms of Zahn's construct as follows:
loop until <situation 1> or ... or <situation n>:
<statement list 0>
repeat;
then <situation 1> => <statement list 1>;
...
<situation n> => <statement list n>;
fi
and:
begin until <situation 1> or ... or <situation n>:
<statement list 0>;
end;
then <situation 1> => <statement list 1>;
...
<situation n> => <statement list n>;
fi
There must also be a statement to set a specific situation indicator and exit the body of the construct.
The following simple example involves searching a two-dimensional table for a particular item.
exitwhen found or missing;
for I := 1 to N do
for J := 1 to M do
if table[I,J] = targe
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert%20Stead
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Gilbert Stead (3 February 1888 – 5 July 1979) was a British professor of physics and pioneer in the development of radiology as a recognized medical specialty.
Stead worked at the Cavendish Laboratory and graduated from Cambridge in 1913. During WWI he was at HM Signals School in Portsmouth. After the war, he returned to Cavendish Laboratory and taught. Beginning in 1923 he also taught classes at Guy's Hospital where he brought his knowledge of radiology to the practice of medicine. He relinquished his Cambridge professorship in 1938 when he became a governor at Guy's Hospital. He retired from Guy's Hospital in 1953.
Stead wrote the text Elementary Physics, which, when it was published in 1924, was "hailed as a superb source of help to struggling radiology and medical students." This text was continuously in print, published in updated editions, for over 50 years. In 1939, he wrote the book Notes in Practical Physics which was widely used in British schools.
Degrees, awards, honors
M.A., D.Sc. (Doctor of Science), Fellow of the Institute of Physics, Fellow of the Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures & Commerce, and Fellow of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, President of the British Institute of Radiology from 1947-1948, Chair of Physics at Guy's Hospital 1938-1953.
Selected publications
Stead, Gilbert (1924) Elementary Physics, and subsequent editions through 1975;
Stead, Gilbert (1939) Notes in Practical Physics;
Stead, Gilbert (1956) “Sixt
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond%20Gilmartin
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Raymond V. Gilmartin (born March 6, 1941) is an American former business executive and an adjunct professor of management practice at the Harvard Business School.
Biography
Early life
Raymond Gilmartin was born on March 6, 1941, in Sayville, New York. He received his B.S. in electrical engineering from Union College in 1963, being the first member of his immediate family to attend college, and an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1968. In the interim between colleges, he worked as an engineer at Kodak and met his future wife.
Family life
Gilmartin married Gladys Higham in 1965, and had three children as of 2005. Gilmartin has been a resident of Park Ridge, New Jersey.
Career
After graduation from Harvard, Gilmartin worked as a consultant at Arthur D. Little for eight years.
Gilmartin joined Becton Dickinson (BD) in 1976 as a vice president and rose to hold president, chairman and CEO positions at the company by the time of his departure in 1994. Gilmartin's work at BD has been considered instrumental in supporting the company's transition from a regional to a multinational company. Gilmartin then moved to Merck & Co, Inc., hired as president and CEO in 1994, and adding the role of chairman the same year upon retirement of P. Roy Vagelos.
Gilmartin's new position at Merck was a shock to pharmaceutical industry analysts as he was the first CEO ever recruited from outside the company since its founding in 1891, and despite his having managed at BD, Gilmartin was con
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%20Kapustin
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Anton Nikolayevich Kapustin (born November 10, 1971, Moscow) is a Russian-American theoretical physicist and the Earle C. Anthony Professor of Theoretical Physics at the California Institute of Technology. His interests lie in quantum field theory and string theory, and their applications to particle physics and condensed matter theory. He is the son of the pianist-composer Nikolai Kapustin.
Education
Kapustin obtained a B.S. in physics from Moscow State University in 1993. He received a Ph.D. in physics from the California Institute of Technology in 1997 with John Preskill as his advisor.
Research
He has made several contributions to dualities and other aspects of quantum field theories, in particular topological field theories and supersymmetric gauge theories. With Edward Witten he discovered deep connections between the S-duality of supersymmetric gauge theories and the geometric Langlands correspondence. In recent years, he has focused on mathematical structures in and classification schemes of topological field theories and symmetry-protected topological phases.
References
External links
Homepage
Living people
California Institute of Technology faculty
Mathematical physicists
American string theorists
1971 births
Soviet physicists
20th-century American physicists
Russian physicists
Simons Investigator
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