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21876_bsard
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Lorsque les résultats de l'analyse des risques visée à l'article VI.1-6 révèlent des risques pour la sécurité et la santé des travailleurs, les mesures spécifiques de protection, de prévention et de surveillance prévues dans les chapitres IV, V et IX du présent titre sont appliquées.Ces mesures spécifiques sont inscrites au plan global de prévention visé à l'article I.2-8.
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When the results of the risk analysis referred to in Article VI.1-6 reveal risks to the safety and health of workers, the specific measures of protection, prevention, and monitoring provided for in Chapters IV, V, and IX of this title are applied. These specific measures are included in the overall prevention plan referred to in Article I.2-8.
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21885_bsard
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Lorsqu'une des situations visées à l'article VI.1-21 se présente, l'employeur prend immédiatement des mesures pour en atténuer les effets et en informer les travailleurs concernés.Afin de rétablir la situation normale :1° l'employeur met en oeuvre les mesures adéquates pour remédier le plus rapidement possible à la situation;2° seuls les travailleurs indispensables à l'exécution des réparations et autres travaux nécessaires sont autorisés à travailler dans la zone touchée.
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When one of the situations referred to in Article VI.1-21 occurs, the employer immediately takes measures to mitigate the effects and to inform the concerned workers. In order to restore the normal situation:
1° the employer implements appropriate measures to remedy the situation as quickly as possible;
2° only workers essential to the execution of repairs and other necessary work are allowed to work in the affected area.
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21896_bsard
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Il est interdit d'utiliser dans des colles, des solvants contenant plus de 1 pourcent en volume de sulfure de carbone.
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It is prohibited to use in adhesives, solvents containing more than 1 percent by volume of carbon disulfide.
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21918_bsard
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L'analyse des échantillons prélevés est effectuée par :1° le laboratoire de l'employeur; ou2° un laboratoire agréé ou accrédité pour le mesurage de l'agent concerné.En cas de contestation au sujet des résultats des analyses, ceux-ci sont confiés à un service ou un laboratoire agréé à cette fin par le Ministre en application du livre II, titre 6.
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The analysis of the collected samples is carried out by: 1° the employer's laboratory; or 2° a laboratory approved or accredited for the measurement of the concerned agent. In case of dispute regarding the results of the analyses, they are entrusted to a service or a laboratory approved for this purpose by the Minister in application of Book II, Title 6.
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21922_bsard
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Le présent titre s'applique aux activités dans lesquelles les travailleurs sont exposés ou susceptibles d'être exposés à des agents cancérigènes, mutagènes ou reprotoxiquesrésultant du travail.Le présent titre ne s'applique pas lorsque les travailleurs sont exposés exclusivement aux rayonnements ionisants.Toutefois, le présent titre ne s'applique qu'aux agents visés à l'annexe VI.2-3, pour autant que l'analyse des risques démontre un effet cancérigène pour la sécurité et la santé des travailleurs.
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The present title applies to activities in which workers are exposed or likely to be exposed to carcinogenic, mutagenic, or reprotoxic agents resulting from work. The present title does not apply when workers are exclusively exposed to ionizing radiation. However, the present title only applies to the agents referred to in Annex VI.2-3, provided that the risk analysis demonstrates a carcinogenic effect on the safety and health of workers.
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21937_bsard
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Sans préjudice du champ d'application visé à l'article I.1-2, le présent titre est également d'application aux entreprises agréées visées à l'article 6bis de la loi.
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Without prejudice to the scope referred to in Article I.1-2, this title also applies to the approved enterprises referred to in Article 6bis of the law.
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21946_bsard
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L'employeur d'une entreprise extérieure qui vient effectuer chez un employeur, un indépendant ou un particulier des travaux d'entretien ou de réparation, d'enlèvement de matériaux ou démolition, prend, avant de commencer les travaux, toutes les mesures nécessaires pour identifier les matériaux qu'il soupçonne contenir de l'amiante.Lorsqu'il effectue ces travaux pour un employeur, il lui demande l'inventaire visé à l'article VI.3-4.Il lui est interdit de commencer les travaux tant que l'inventaire n'a pas été mis à sa disposition.Si le moindre doute existe concernant la présence d'amiante dans un matériau ou dans une construction, il applique les dispositions du présent titre.
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The employer of an external company who comes to carry out maintenance or repair work, removal of materials, or demolition at the premises of another employer, an independent contractor, or an individual, shall take all necessary measures to identify the materials suspected to contain asbestos before starting the work. When carrying out these works for an employer, he shall request the inventory referred to in Article VI.3-4. He is prohibited from starting the work until the inventory has been made available to him. If there is any doubt about the presence of asbestos in a material or in a structure, he shall apply the provisions of this title.
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21952_bsard
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L'avis des travailleurs concernés et du Comité est demandé sur l'analyse des risques, qui leur est soumise sous forme écrite.En cas de travaux autorisés visés à l'article VI.3-13, alinéa 2, qui concernent des lieux de travail fixes, l'avis du Comité est demandé préalablement.Les litiges et désaccords concernant l'analyse ou sa révision sont tranchés par le fonctionnaire chargé de la surveillance.
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The opinion of the concerned workers and the Committee is requested on the risk analysis, which is submitted to them in written form. In the case of authorized works referred to in Article VI.3-13, paragraph 2, which concern fixed workplaces, the opinion of the Committee is requested beforehand. Disputes and disagreements concerning the analysis or its revision are settled by the official in charge of supervision.
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21955_bsard
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Le mesurage de la teneur de l'air en amiante sur le lieu de travail est effectué conformément à la norme NBN T96-102* " Atmosphères des lieux de travail - Détermination de la concentration en fibres d'amiante - Méthode de la membrane filtrante avec microscopie optique au contraste de phase " ou à toute autre méthode qui donne des résultats équivalents.
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The measurement of the air content of asbestos at the workplace is carried out in accordance with the NBN T96-102* standard "Workplace atmospheres - Determination of asbestos fiber concentration - Membrane filter method with phase contrast microscopy" or any other method that provides equivalent results.
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21961_bsard
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Le conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail indique, après concertation avec le conseiller en prévention sécurité du travail, et après accord du Comité, les postes de travail où les échantillonnages seront effectués et en détermine la durée.La durée des différents échantillonnages est également déterminée en tenant compte de la charge optimale des filtres mentionnée sous le point 4.4 de la norme NBN T96-102.A défaut d'un accord au sein du Comité, l'affaire est soumise au fonctionnaire chargé de la surveillance qui détermine d'office ces postes de travail et la durée de ces échantillonnages. Ce dernier peut imposer à tout moment des mesurages additionnels.
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The occupational health physician-advisor, after consultation with the occupational safety advisor, and with the agreement of the Committee, shall indicate the workplaces where sampling will be carried out and determine its duration. The duration of the various samplings is also determined taking into account the optimal filter load mentioned in section 4.4 of the NBN T96-102 standard. In the absence of an agreement within the Committee, the matter is referred to the official in charge of supervision who determines ex officio these workplaces and the duration of the samplings. The latter may impose additional measurements at any time.
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21976_bsard
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Lorsque l'exposition des travailleurs est sporadique, que son intensité est faible et qu'il ressort des résultats de l'analyse des risques visée à l'article VI.3-15 que la valeur limite ne sera pas dépassée, les dispositions des articles VI.3-23, VI.3-27 à VI.3-35, VI.3-38, § 3 et du chapitre X du présent titre ne s'appliquent pas lorsque le travail consiste en :a) des activités d'entretien de courte durée, non continues, pendant lesquelles le travail ne porte que sur de l'amiante non friable et ne comportant aucun risque de diffusion de fibres d'amiante;b) le retrait sans détérioration de matériaux non dégradés dans lesquels les fibres d'amiante sont fermement liées dans une matrice;c) l'encapsulage et le gainage de matériaux en bon état contenant de l'amiante;d) la surveillance et le contrôle de l'air et le prélèvement d'échantillons en vue de déceler la présence d'amiante dans un matériau donné.
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When the exposure of workers is sporadic, its intensity is low, and it is apparent from the results of the risk analysis referred to in Article VI.3-15 that the limit value will not be exceeded, the provisions of Articles VI.3-23, VI.3-27 to VI.3-35, VI.3-38, § 3 and of Chapter X of the present title do not apply when the work consists of: a) short-term maintenance activities, which are not continuous, during which the work only involves non-friable asbestos and does not entail any risk of asbestos fiber release; b) the removal without deterioration of non-degraded materials in which the asbestos fibers are firmly bound within a matrix; c) the encapsulation and coating of materials in good condition containing asbestos; d) the monitoring and control of air and the collection of samples to detect the presence of asbestos in a given material.
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21999_bsard
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L'employeur met à la disposition des travailleurs des vêtements de travail et de protection, ainsi que des appareils respiratoires et veille à ce qu'ils soient portés.Les vêtements de protection se composent notamment de sous-vêtements jetables ou en coton, de bas, d'une combinaison, d'une combinaison jetable, de gants et de chaussures ou de bottes de sécurité. Ils offrent une protection maximale contre l'exposition à l'amiante, conformément aux dispositions y afférentes du livre IX, titre 2.Les modalités additionnelles pour l'utilisation des appareils respiratoires sont fixées dans l'annexe VI.3-4, 1.C.Les équipements de protection sont - pour autant qu'ils ne soient pas nettoyés dans le sas d'une façon appropriée et sans risque de contamination par des fibres d'amiante - après usage, transportés dans des emballages fermés hermétiquement, et traités et nettoyés dans des installations adéquates.L'employeur met à la disposition des visiteurs des équipements de protection appropriés qui garantissent le même degré de protection.
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The employer provides workers with work and protective clothing, as well as respiratory devices, and ensures that they are worn. Protective clothing includes, in particular, disposable or cotton underwear, socks, a suit, a disposable suit, gloves, and safety shoes or boots. They offer maximum protection against exposure to asbestos, in accordance with the relevant provisions of Book IX, Title 2. Additional modalities for the use of respiratory devices are set out in Annex VI.3-4, 1.C. Protective equipment is - unless it is cleaned in the airlock in an appropriate manner and without risk of contamination by asbestos fibers - after use, transported in hermetically sealed packaging, and treated and cleaned in adequate facilities. The employer provides visitors with appropriate protective equipment that guarantees the same level of protection.
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22010_bsard
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§ 1er. La demande d'agrément ou de renouvellement d'agrément est adressée sous pli recommandé à la poste au directeur général HUT.§ 2. La demande mentionne les types de techniques de travaux de démolition ou d'enlèvement auxquels se rapporte la demande d'agrément.§ 3. Les documents suivants sont joints à la demande :1° si le demandeur est une entreprise, une copie des statuts de l'entreprise ou le numéro d'entreprise de la Banque-carrefour des entreprises;2° une copie du certificat visé à l'article VI.4-4, 2°, alinéa 2;3° une copie de la note contenant les informations et instructions visées à l'article VI.3-36;4° une copie des attestations dont il ressort que chaque personne, visée à l'article VI.4-4, 4°, a suivi la formation de base avec le recyclage annuel visée au même article et, le cas échéant, une copie de l'attestation dont il ressort que la formation pour chef de chantier visée au même article a été suivie;5° l'adresse de l'endroit fixe visé à l'article VI.4-4, 6°.Les documents visés à l'alinéa 1er sont rédigés dans une des trois langues nationales.
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§ 1. The application for accreditation or renewal of accreditation is sent by registered mail to the Director General HUT.
§ 2. The application shall state the types of demolition or removal techniques to which the accreditation application relates.
§ 3. The following documents shall be attached to the application:
1° if the applicant is a company, a copy of the company's statutes or the company's business number from the Crossroads Bank for Enterprises;
2° a copy of the certificate referred to in Article VI.4-4, 2°, paragraph 2;
3° a copy of the note containing the information and instructions referred to in Article VI.3-36;
4° a copy of the certificates showing that each person referred to in Article VI.4-4, 4°, has completed the basic training with annual refresher as referred to in the same article, and where applicable, a copy of the certificate showing that the training for site supervisor referred to in the same article has been completed;
5° the address of the fixed location referred to in Article VI.4-4, 6°.
The documents referred to in the first paragraph are written in one of the three national languages.
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22030_bsard
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L'analyse des risques visée aux articles VII.1-3 et VII.1-4 doit être renouvelée régulièrement et, en tout cas, lors de tout changement des conditions pouvant affecter l'exposition des travailleurs à des agents biologiques et s'il s'avère qu'un travailleur est atteint d'une infection ou d'une maladie qui résulterait d'une telle exposition.
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The risk analysis referred to in Articles VII.1-3 and VII.1-4 must be renewed regularly and, in any case, when any change in conditions that may affect the exposure of workers to biological agents occurs, and if it turns out that a worker is suffering from an infection or a disease that would result from such exposure.
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22038_bsard
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Sans préjudice des dispositions de l'article VII.1-14, l'exposition des travailleurs doit être évitée par des mesures appropriées de confinement physique si les résultats de l'analyse des risques visée aux articles VII.1-3 et VII.1-4 révèlent un risque concernant la sécurité ou la santé des travailleurs.
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Without prejudice to the provisions of Article VII.1-14, workers' exposure must be avoided by appropriate measures of physical containment if the results of the risk analysis referred to in Articles VII.1-3 and VII.1-4 reveal a risk concerning the safety or health of workers.
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22047_bsard
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Lorsqu'une souche est atténuée ou qu'elle a perdu des gènes notoires de virulence, le confinement requis par la classification de sa souche parentale ne doit pas nécessairement être appliqué, sous réserve d'évaluation appropriée du risque qu'elle représente sur le lieu de travail. C'est le cas lorsque cette souche doit être utilisée comme produit ou composant d'un produit à destination prophylactique ou thérapeutique.
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When a strain is attenuated or has lost notorious virulence genes, the containment required by the classification of its parental strain does not necessarily have to be applied, subject to an appropriate assessment of the risk it poses in the workplace. This is the case when this strain is to be used as a product or component of a product for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes.
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22053_bsard
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Ce chapitre s'applique aux employeurs occupant des travailleurs qui effectuent des activités comportant une manipulation ou un contact direct avec des denrées ou substances alimentaires destinées à la consommation ou à la vente et qui sont susceptibles d'être souillées ou contaminées.
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This chapter applies to employers who employ workers engaged in activities involving the handling or direct contact with foodstuffs or substances intended for consumption or sale and which are likely to be soiled or contaminated.
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22065_bsard
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Compte tenu des dispositions du livre Ier, titre 4, l'employeur prend les mesures visées aux articles VII.1-43 à VII.1-48 pour assurer la surveillance appropriée de la santé des travailleurs affectés à des activités pour lesquelles l'analyse des risques révèle un risque concernant leur santé.A cette fin l'employeur est tenu de soumettre à l'évaluation de santé préalable, l'évaluation de santé périodique, et le cas échéant, à l'examen de reprise de travail, les travailleurs affectés à des activités pour lesquelles l'analyse des risques révèle un risque concernant leur santé.
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Considering the provisions of Book I, Title 4, the employer shall take the measures referred to in Articles VII.1-43 to VII.1-48 to ensure appropriate health monitoring of workers assigned to activities for which the risk analysis reveals a health risk. To this end, the employer is required to submit workers assigned to activities for which the risk analysis reveals a health risk to the preliminary health assessment, the periodic health assessment, and where appropriate, to the return-to-work examination.
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22070_bsard
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Le travailleur est informé par le conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail de la nature et des résultats des examens prévus dans le cadre de la surveillance médicale et biologique. Le travailleur a accès à ces résultats. Ceux-ci sont transmis, à la demande et après accord écrit du travailleur, au médecin de son choix.
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The worker is informed by the occupational health and safety advisor-doctor of the nature and results of the examinations provided for in the context of medical and biological monitoring. The worker has access to these results. These are transmitted, upon request and after written consent of the worker, to the doctor of their choice.
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22085_bsard
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Dès qu'il a procédé aux interventions demandées, le médecin vaccinateur choisi par le travailleur qui n'est pas le conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail fait parvenir, sous pli fermé et personnel, le "Certificat de vaccination et de test tuberculinique" complété, daté et signé, au conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail, dont les nom, prénom et adresse sont inscrits sur ce certificat.En cas de contre-indication, il mentionne, dans la case "Remarques" de ce document, les raisons de sa décision. Il indique également la date à laquelle il reverra le travailleur intéressé.
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As soon as he has carried out the requested interventions, the vaccinating physician chosen by the worker, who is not the occupational health physician, sends the "Vaccination and Tuberculin Testing Certificate" completed, dated, and signed, in a sealed and personal envelope, to the occupational health physician, whose name, first name, and address are written on this certificate. In case of contraindication, he mentions, in the "Remarks" section of this document, the reasons for his decision. He also indicates the date on which he will see the concerned worker again.
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22096_bsard
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Le conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail établit pour chaque entreprise et établissement une stratégie de revaccination en tenant compte de l'efficacité de protection du schéma vaccinal et du type de vaccin utilisé, et des résultats du contrôle de la réponse immunitaire. Cette stratégie est soumise pour avis au Comité.
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The occupational health prevention advisor establishes a revaccination strategy for each company and establishment, taking into account the protective efficacy of the vaccination schedule and the type of vaccine used, and the results of the immune response monitoring. This strategy is submitted for opinion to the Committee.
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22098_bsard
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Sans préjudice des dispositions de l'article VII.1-9, si les résultats de l'analyse des risques révèlent l'existence d'un risque pour la santé ou la sécurité des travailleurs, l'employeur met à la disposition du fonctionnaire chargé de la surveillance, à sa demande, des informations écrites appropriées sur :1° les activités au cours desquelles les travailleurs ont été ou ont pu être exposés à des agents biologiques;2° le nombre de travailleurs exposés;3° le nom du conseiller en prévention compétent et du conseiller en prévention-médecin du travail;4° les mesures de protection et de prévention prises, y compris les procédures et méthodes de travail;5° un plan d'urgence pour la protection des travailleurs contre l'exposition à un agent biologique du groupe 3 ou du groupe 4 du fait de la défaillance du confinement physique.
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Without prejudice to the provisions of Article VII.1-9, if the results of the risk analysis reveal the existence of a risk to the health or safety of workers, the employer shall make available to the officer in charge of supervision, upon request, appropriate written information on:
1° the activities during which workers have been or may have been exposed to biological agents;
2° the number of exposed workers;
3° the name of the competent prevention advisor and the occupational health prevention advisor;
4° the protective and preventive measures taken, including procedures and methods of work;
5° an emergency plan for the protection of workers against exposure to a biological agent of group 3 or group 4 due to the failure of physical containment.
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22126_bsard
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Dans tous les cas, les EPC doivent :1° être appropriés aux risques à prévenir, en ne constituant pas eux-mêmes un danger, en n'induisant pas un nouveau danger ou en n'augmentant pas le risque existant ;2° être adaptés au poste de travail.Si la présence de dangers multiples nécessite l'utilisation simultanée de plusieurs EPC, ces équipements sont compatibles et maintiennent leur efficacité par rapport aux risques correspondants.
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In all cases, PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) must: 1° be appropriate for the risks to be prevented, without constituting a danger themselves, not inducing a new danger, or not increasing the existing risk; 2° be adapted to the workstation. If the presence of multiple hazards requires the simultaneous use of several PPE, these pieces of equipment are compatible and maintain their effectiveness with respect to the corresponding risks.
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22139_bsard
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L'employeur prend les mesures nécessaires pour que les EPC soient utilisés de telle façon que leur contribution en matière de réduction des risques soit la plus efficace possible durant toute la durée requise pour effectuer les tâches qui requièrent leur utilisation.
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The employer shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the PPE is used in such a way that their contribution to risk reduction is as effective as possible for the entire duration required to perform the tasks that require their use.
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22147_bsard
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L'employeur identifie les dangers qui peuvent donner lieu à l'utilisation d'EPI.A cet effet, il peut utiliser le schéma indicatif repris à l'annexe IX.2-1.
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The employer identifies the hazards that may require the use of PPE. To this end, they may use the indicative diagram included in Annex IX.2-1.
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22175_bsard
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L'employeur peut prendre des mesures de telle sorte qu'un vêtement de travail soit réservé à un même travailleur, du fait des caractéristiques physiques de ce travailleur, et en tenant compte de la nature, de la durée ou de la diversité des activités exercées.
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The employer may take measures to ensure that a work garment is assigned to the same worker, due to the physical characteristics of that worker, and taking into account the nature, duration, or diversity of the activities performed.
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22186_bsard
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L'entreprise de travail intérimaire fournit les informations suivantes sur la fiche de poste de travail;1° ses coordonnées et la date de remise d'une copie à l'intérimaire, visées à la rubrique C de l'annexe X.2-1;2° les coordonnées de l'intérimaire, visées à la rubrique D de l'annexe X.2-1.
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The temporary employment agency provides the following information on the workstation form: 1° its contact details and the date of handing over a copy to the temporary worker, as referred to in section C of Annex X.2-1; 2° the contact details of the temporary worker, as referred to in section D of Annex X.2-1.
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22195_bsard
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§ 1er. Une base de données centralisée, qui contient au moins les données reprises dans le modèle fixé à l'annexe X.2-2, est constituée conformément à la loi du 8 décembre 1992 relative à la protection de la vie privée à l'égard des traitements de données à caractère personnel, pour chaque intérimaire soumis à la surveillance de santé. Cette base de données a notamment pour but de permettre le suivi de la surveillance de santé, d'éviter des répétitions inutiles d'évaluations de santé et de faciliter l'échange de données.§ 2. Cette base de données est gérée par le service central de prévention pour le secteur du travail intérimaire, tel que visé par l'arrêté royal du 4 décembre 1997 visant à établir un service central de prévention pour le secteur du travail intérimaire. Cette gestion consiste à déterminer les modalités de rédaction, de fonctionnement, d'accès, de contrôle et de conservation des données, conformément aux dispositions du présent titre.§ 3. Les services internes et externes des entreprises de travail intérimaire et des utilisateurs sont tenus de transmettre les données respectives visées au § 1er au service précité chargé de la gestion centrale, sous format électronique déterminé par la commission paritaire pour le travail intérimaire.
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§ 1. A centralized database, which contains at least the data included in the model set out in Annex X.2-2, is established in accordance with the Law of December 8, 1992, on the protection of privacy in relation to the processing of personal data, for each temporary worker subject to health monitoring. The purpose of this database is, in particular, to enable the follow-up of health monitoring, to avoid unnecessary repetitions of health assessments, and to facilitate the exchange of data.
§ 2. This database is managed by the central prevention service for the temporary work sector, as referred to in the Royal Decree of December 4, 1997, establishing a central prevention service for the temporary work sector. This management involves determining the procedures for drafting, operating, accessing, controlling, and conserving data, in accordance with the provisions of this title.
§ 3. The internal and external services of temporary employment agencies and users are required to transmit the respective data referred to in § 1 to the aforementioned service in charge of central management, in an electronic format determined by the joint committee for temporary work.
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22196_bsard
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Le contrat conclu entre l'entreprise de travail intérimaire et le service externe auquel cette entreprise est affiliée, pour l'exécution des tâches que le service externe doit remplir en application du présent titre, et le cas échéant, le contrat entre l'entreprise de travail intérimaire et l'utilisateur pour l'exécution des tâches visées à l'article X.2-7, § 2, fixent le tarif pour ces tâches.Le contrat conclu entre l'utilisateur et le service externe auquel il est affilié, pour l'exécution des tâches que le service externe doit remplir en application du présent titre, fixe le tarif pour ces tâches.
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The contract concluded between the temporary work agency and the external service to which this agency is affiliated, for the performance of the tasks that the external service must fulfill in application of this title, and where applicable, the contract between the temporary work agency and the user for the performance of the tasks referred to in Article X.2-7, § 2, sets the rate for these tasks. The contract concluded between the user and the external service to which it is affiliated, for the performance of the tasks that the external service must fulfill in application of this title, sets the rate for these tasks.
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22209_bsard
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§ 1er. L'interdiction visée à l'article X.3-8 n'est pas d'application aux personnes visées à l'article X.3-2, 1°, a), si les conditions suivantes sont remplies :1° ces personnes sont âgées d'au moins 16 ans;2° l'employeur veille à ce que ces personnes aient reçu une formation spécifique et adéquate en fonction du secteur dans lequel l'activité est exécutée ou vérifie qu'ils aient reçu la formation professionnelle nécessaire;3° l'employeur prend les mesures de prévention visées à l'article X.3-4, s'assure que ces mesures de prévention sont effectives et contrôlées par un membre de la ligne hiérarchique désigné par l'employeur, ou par l'employeur lui-même;4° l'employeur veille à ce que les activités et la présence aux endroits, telles que visées à l'article X.3-8, alinéa 2, ne puissent avoir lieu qu'en présence d'un travailleur expérimenté.§ 2. L'interdiction visée à l'article X.3-8 n'est pas d'application aux personnes visées à l'article X.3-2, 1°, b), c) et d), si les conditions suivantes sont remplies :1° les activités ou la présence aux endroits, telles que visées à l'article X.3-8, alinéa 2, sont indispensables à leur formation professionnelle;2° l'employeur prend les mesures visées au § 1er, 3° et 4°.
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§ 1. The prohibition referred to in Article X.3-8 does not apply to the persons referred to in Article X.3-2, 1°, a), if the following conditions are met: 1° these persons are at least 16 years old; 2° the employer ensures that these persons have received specific and adequate training according to the sector in which the activity is carried out or verifies that they have received the necessary vocational training; 3° the employer takes the preventive measures referred to in Article X.3-4, ensures that these preventive measures are effective and controlled by a member of the management line designated by the employer, or by the employer himself; 4° the employer ensures that the activities and presence in places, as referred to in Article X.3-8, paragraph 2, can only take place in the presence of an experienced worker.
§ 2. The prohibition referred to in Article X.3-8 does not apply to the persons referred to in Article X.3-2, 1°, b), c) and d), if the following conditions are met: 1° the activities or presence in places, as referred to in Article X.3-8, paragraph 2, are essential to their vocational training; 2° the employer takes the measures referred to in § 1, 3° and 4°.
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22226_bsard
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Les travailleuses visées à l'article X.5-1, alinéa 2, dès qu'elles ont connaissance de leur état, en informent leur employeur de préférence par écrit.
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The female workers referred to in Article X.5-1, paragraph 2, as soon as they become aware of their condition, shall inform their employer, preferably in writing.
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22242_bsard
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Sont assujettis à un droit de 2 euros les actes de refus de transcription de saisie, ainsi que les certificats, copies ou extraits, délivrés par l'Administration générale de la Documentation patrimoniale, dans le cadre de la publicité hypothécaire.
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Documents subject to a fee of 2 euros include acts of refusal to transcribe seizures, as well as certificates, copies, or extracts, issued by the General Administration of Property Documentation, in the context of mortgage publicity.
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22252_bsard
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Sont exemptés du droit:1° les actes et écrits dressés ou délivrés pour l'exécution des lois, règlements et transactions au bénéfice de l'Etat, des communautés, des régions, des provinces, communes et organismes publics relatifs aux impôts, expropriations et remembrements de biens ruraux;2° les actes et écrits relatifs au Code wallon de l'aménagement du territoire, de l'urbanisme et du patrimoine du 14 mai 1984, au Code bruxellois de l'aménagement du territoire du 9 avril 2004 et au décret flamand portant organisation de l'aménagement du territoire du 18 mai 1999, ainsi que leurs arrêtés d'exécution;3° les actes et écrits dressés ou délivrés pour l'application des lois sur l'emploi des langues en matière judiciaire et en matière administrative;4° les exploits d'huissier de justice dressés en remplacement d'un pli judiciaire dans le cas prévu à l'article 46, § 2, du Code judiciaire.L'exploit doit mentionner, en tête, qu'il est dressé en remplacement d'un pli judiciaire et indiquer l'article du Code judiciaire en vertu duquel la signification a été faite;5° les actes et écrits relatifs à l'exécution de la loi du 16 janvier 2003 portant création d'une Banque-Carrefour des Entreprises, modernisation du registre de commerce, création de guichets-entreprises agréés et portant diverses dispositions;6° les récépissés délivrés pour constater la remise de livrets d'épargne ou carnets de dépôt à ou par l'établissement émetteur et les arrêtés de compte portés sur ces livrets;7° les récépissés délivrés ou dressés pour constater la remise ou le dépôt de titres au porteur en vue de leur dématérialisation ou pour constater l'inscription de valeurs mobilières dans les comptes visés à l'article 1er, 3°, de la loi du 2 janvier 1991 relative au marché des titres de la dette publique et aux instruments de la politique monétaire et à l'article 1er, § 1er, alinéa 3, de la loi du 22 juillet 1991 relative aux billets de trésorerie et aux certificats de dépôts, ainsi que les arrêtés et extraits des comptes sur lesquels sont inscrits ces titres;8° les actes et écrits relatifs au recouvrement des avances payées par l'Etat en exécution des dispositions du Code judiciaire concernant l'assistance judiciaire;9° les actes et écrits relatifs à la reconnaissance volontaire d'un enfant naturel;10° les actes et écrits délivrés aux autorités ou administrations publiques étrangères en exécution d'accords internationaux;11° les actes et écrits relatifs aux interventions visées par la loi du 21 février 2003 créant un Service des créances alimentaires au sein du SPF Finances;2° les actes visés à l'article 103 du Code des droits d'enregistrement, d'hypothèque et de greffe.13° la déclaration de renonciation devant un notaire visée à l'article 784, alinéa 1er, du Code civil, dans les conditions visées à l'alinéa 3 du même article.13° la procuration authentique visée à l'article 9, § 3, de la loi du 25 ventôse an XI contenant organisation du notariat.
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Exempt from the duty are:
1° the deeds and documents drawn up or issued for the execution of laws, regulations, and transactions for the benefit of the State, communities, regions, provinces, municipalities, and public bodies related to taxes, expropriations, and rural property consolidations;
2° the deeds and documents related to the Walloon Code of Land Use Planning, Urban Planning, and Heritage of May 14, 1984, the Brussels Code of Land Use Planning of April 9, 2004, and the Flemish decree on the organization of spatial planning of May 18, 1999, as well as their implementing orders;
3° the deeds and documents drawn up or issued for the application of the laws on the use of languages in judicial and administrative matters;
4° the bailiff's writs drawn up in replacement of a judicial document in the case provided for in Article 46, § 2, of the Judicial Code. The writ must mention at the beginning that it is drawn up in replacement of a judicial document and indicate the article of the Judicial Code under which the service was made;
5° the deeds and documents related to the execution of the law of January 16, 2003, creating a Crossroads Bank for Enterprises, modernizing the trade register, creating approved enterprise counters, and containing various provisions;
6° the receipts issued to acknowledge the delivery of savings books or deposit books to or by the issuing institution and the account statements made on these books;
7° the receipts issued or drawn up to acknowledge the delivery or deposit of bearer securities for their dematerialization or to acknowledge the registration of securities in the accounts referred to in Article 1, 3°, of the law of January 2, 1991, on the public debt securities market and monetary policy instruments, and in Article 1, § 1, paragraph 3, of the law of July 22, 1991, on treasury bills and deposit certificates, as well as the orders and extracts of the accounts on which these securities are registered;
8° the deeds and documents related to the recovery of advances paid by the State in execution of the provisions of the Judicial Code concerning legal aid;
9° the deeds and documents related to the voluntary recognition of a natural child;
10° the deeds and documents issued to foreign public authorities or administrations in execution of international agreements;
11° the deeds and documents related to the interventions referred to by the law of February 21, 2003, creating a Maintenance Claims Service within the SPF Finances;
12° the deeds referred to in Article 103 of the Code of Registration, Mortgage, and Registry Duties.
13° the declaration of renunciation before a notary referred to in Article 784, paragraph 1, of the Civil Code, under the conditions referred to in paragraph 3 of the same article.
14° the authentic power of attorney referred to in Article 9, § 3, of the law of 25 Ventôse year XI containing the organization of the notariat.
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22255_bsard
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La solution des difficultés qui peuvent s'élever relativement à la perception ou au recouvrement des droits avant l'introduction des instances appartient au ministre des Finances ou au fonctionnaire délégué par lui.Si après échanges de vues, le désaccord avec le ministre ou le fonctionnaire délégué par lui persiste sur une difficulté visée à l'alinéa 1er, le contribuable peut introduire une demande de conciliation auprès du service de conciliation fiscale visé à l'article 116 de la loi du 25 avril 2007 portant des dispositions diverses (IV).Le Roi peut déterminer les difficultés relatives à la perception et au recouvrement des droits pour lesquelles l'intervention du service de conciliation fiscale est exclue.Le ministre des Finances conclut les transactions avec les contribuables, pourvu qu'elles n'impliquent pas exemption ou modération d'impôt.
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The resolution of difficulties that may arise in relation to the collection or recovery of duties before the introduction of legal proceedings falls under the Minister of Finance or the official delegated by him. If after an exchange of views, the disagreement with the minister or the official delegated by him persists on a difficulty referred to in paragraph 1, the taxpayer may file a request for conciliation with the tax conciliation service referred to in Article 116 of the law of April 25, 2007 containing various provisions (IV). The King may determine the difficulties related to the collection and recovery of duties for which the intervention of the tax conciliation service is excluded. The Minister of Finance concludes settlements with taxpayers, provided that they do not involve exemption or moderation of tax.
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22267_bsard
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La taxe exigible est liquidée:1° pour les achats ou acquisitions, sur les sommes, non compris le courtage de l'intermédiaire, à acquitter par l'acquéreur;2° pour les ventes ou cessions, sur les sommes à recevoir par le vendeur ou cédant, sans déduction du courtage de l'intermédiaire;3° pour les rachats visés à l'article 120, 3°, sur la valeur nette d'inventaire des actions, sans déduction du chargement forfaitaire;4° pour les rachats d'actions de capitalisation visés à l'article 120, 3°, sur la valeur d'inventaire de ces actions, sans déduction du chargement forfaitaire, mais diminuée du précompte mobilier retenu, lorsque le rachat est fait par :a) un organisme de placement collectif agréé conformément à la directive 2009/65/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 13 juillet 2009, portant coordination des dispositions législatives, réglementaires administratives concernant certains organismes de placement collectif en valeurs mobilières ;b) un organisme de placement collectif établi en dehors du territoire où le Traité sur le fonctionnement de l'Union européenne est applicable en vertu de son article 355.
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The tax due is assessed: 1° for purchases or acquisitions, on the sums, excluding the intermediary's brokerage, to be paid by the buyer; 2° for sales or transfers, on the sums to be received by the seller or transferor, without deduction of the intermediary's brokerage; 3° for redemptions referred to in article 120, 3°, on the net asset value of the shares, without deduction of the lump-sum loading; 4° for redemptions of capitalization shares referred to in article 120, 3°, on the inventory value of these shares, without deduction of the lump-sum loading, but reduced by the withholding tax retained, when the redemption is made by: a) a collective investment scheme approved in accordance with Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 13 July 2009, on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to certain undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities; b) a collective investment scheme established outside the territory where the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union is applicable pursuant to its article 355.
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22292_bsard
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§ 1er. La taxe est remboursée lorsque celle-ci représente une somme supérieure à celle qui était légalement due au dernier jour de la période de référence. Le Roi détermine les modalités et le bureau compétent pour la demande de remboursement.§ 2. Si la part dans la valeur moyenne des instruments financiers imposables sur des comptes-titres, définie à l'article 152, 7°, représente un montant supérieur par rapport à la part dans l'indivision qui, légalement ou contractuellement, revient au titulaire, le titulaire peut réclamer le remboursement de la taxe payée. Le titulaire présente à cet effet les pièces justificatives nécessaires pour l'établissement de la part légale ou contractuelle.Lorsque la taxe a été retenue dans le chef du titulaire qui détient soit partiellement, soit totalement un ou plusieurs comptes-titres en usufruit ou en nue-propriété, et que la partie sur laquelle la retenue a été calculée, représente une somme plus élevée que la part légale ou contractuelle de l'usufruit ou de la nue-propriété, le titulaire peut revendiquer le remboursement de la taxe payée. Pour le calcul de la part légale ou contractuelle de l'usufruitier ou du nu-propriétaire dans la valeur moyenne en vue du remboursement, l'usufruit est évalué selon les règles de l'annexe à l'arrêté ministériel du 1er juillet 2017 établissant les tables de conversion de l'usufruit visées à l'article 745sexies, § 3, du Code civil.En cas de remboursement, la fraction qui est supérieure à la part légale ou contractuelle dans les instruments financiers imposables visée à l'alinéa 1er ou 2, détenue ou non dans plusieurs comptes-titres, est ajoutée à la part des co-bénéficiaires, de l'usufruitier ou du nu-propriétaire comme fixée à l'article 152, 7°, pour calculer la taxe finalement due. La différence entre la taxe finalement due et la taxe déjà acquittée est à la charge du co-bénéficiaire dans l'indivision, de l'usufruitier ou du nu-propriétaire. Lorsque les co-bénéficiaires dans l'indivision, l'usufruitier ou le nu-propriétaire sont des personnes physiques qui ne sont pas titulaires d'un compte-titres, ils seront, en cas de remboursement, traités eux-mêmes comme des titulaires lorsque la fraction qui leur revient est égale ou supérieure au montant visé à l'article 151.Lorsque le remboursement, visé à l'alinéa 3, donne lieu à une imputation de la fraction qui dépasse la part légale ou contractuelle du titulaire chez un ou plusieurs co-bénéficiaires dans l'indivision, chez l'usufruitier ou chez le nu-propriétaire, chaque co-bénéficiaire dans l'indivision, chaque usufruitier ou chaque nu-propriétaire, de même que le titulaire, est tenu solidairement de la taxe due pour le règlement de cette fraction.Le Roi peut déterminer dans quels cas une déclaration conjointe doit être choisie et en fixer les modalités.§ 3. Au cas où une partie ou la totalité de la taxe payée est remboursée, les intérêts moratoires sur les sommes à rembourser sont dus de plein droit au taux fixé en matière civile et au plus tard à partir du premier jour du huitième mois qui suit le mois au cours duquel la demande de remboursement a été introduite, pour autant que le bureau compétent ait déjà confirmé que le dossier est complet. Cet intérêt est calculé par mois civil sur le montant de chaque paiement arrondi au multiple inférieur de 10 euros; le mois pendant lequel a eu lieu le paiement est négligé.§ 3/1. En cas de décision définitive sur une procédure de règlement des différends visée aux articles 3, 4, 6 10 ou 15 de la loi du 2 mai 2019 transposant la directive (UE) 2017/1852 du conseil du 10 octobre 2017 concernant les mécanismes de règlement des différends fiscaux dans l'union européenne, un droit à restitution naît le cas échéant le jour de la renonciation au droit à toute voie de recours interne, sauf dans le cas visé à l'article 15, § 4, alinéa 3 de la loi précitée.§ 4. Le remboursement est effectué uniquement lorsque le montant qui fait l'objet d'un remboursement est supérieur à 10 euros.§ 5. Le Roi détermine la manière et les conditions selon lesquelles le remboursement est effectué et détermine également le délai dans lequel chaque remboursement doit être demandé avec un maximum de deux ans à compter du jour auquel la taxe devient exigible.
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§ 1. The tax is refunded when it represents an amount greater than what was legally due on the last day of the reference period. The King determines the procedures and the competent office for the refund request.
§ 2. If the share in the average value of taxable financial instruments on securities accounts, defined in article 152, 7°, represents an amount greater than the share in the joint ownership which, legally or contractually, belongs to the holder, the holder may claim a refund of the tax paid. For this purpose, the holder presents the necessary supporting documents to establish the legal or contractual share.
When the tax has been withheld on behalf of the holder who holds either partially or totally one or several securities accounts in usufruct or bare ownership, and the part on which the withholding was calculated represents a sum higher than the legal or contractual share of the usufruct or bare ownership, the holder may claim a refund of the tax paid. For the calculation of the legal or contractual share of the usufructuary or bare owner in the average value for the purpose of the refund, the usufruct is evaluated according to the rules of the annex to the ministerial decree of July 1, 2017, establishing the conversion tables of usufruct referred to in article 745sexies, § 3, of the Civil Code.
In the event of a refund, the fraction that is greater than the legal or contractual share in the taxable financial instruments referred to in paragraph 1 or 2, held or not in several securities accounts, is added to the share of the co-beneficiaries, the usufructuary or the bare owner as set out in article 152, 7°, to calculate the tax finally due. The difference between the tax finally due and the tax already paid is the responsibility of the co-beneficiary in the joint ownership, the usufructuary or the bare owner. When the co-beneficiaries in the joint ownership, the usufructuary or the bare owner are natural persons who do not hold a securities account, they will, in the event of a refund, be treated themselves as holders when the fraction that belongs to them is equal to or greater than the amount referred to in article 151.
When the refund, referred to in paragraph 3, results in an allocation of the fraction that exceeds the legal or contractual share of the holder to one or more co-beneficiaries in the joint ownership, to the usufructuary or to the bare owner, each co-beneficiary in the joint ownership, each usufructuary or each bare owner, as well as the holder, is jointly liable for the tax due for the settlement of this fraction.
The King may determine in which cases a joint declaration must be chosen and set the modalities.
§ 3. In the event that a part or the whole of the tax paid is refunded, moratory interests on the sums to be refunded are due by right at the rate set in civil matters and at the latest from the first day of the eighth month following the month during which the refund request was introduced, provided that the competent office has already confirmed that the file is complete. This interest is calculated per calendar month on the amount of each payment rounded down to the nearest multiple of 10 euros; the month during which the payment was made is disregarded.
§ 3/1. In the event of a final decision on a dispute resolution procedure referred to in articles 3, 4, 6, 10 or 15 of the law of May 2, 2019, transposing Council Directive (EU) 2017/1852 of October 10, 2017, concerning the mechanisms for the resolution of tax disputes in the European Union, a right to restitution arises where applicable on the day of the waiver of the right to any domestic remedy, except in the case referred to in article 15, § 4, paragraph 3 of the aforementioned law.
§ 4. The refund is made only when the amount to be refunded is greater than 10 euros.
§ 5. The King determines the manner and conditions according to which the refund is made and also determines the deadline within which each refund must be requested, with a maximum of two years from the day on which the tax becomes chargeable.
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22294_bsard
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173 devient art. 173.1 Les opérations d'assurances sont assujetties à une taxe annuelle lorsque le risque se situe en Belgique.Le risque de l'opération d'assurance est réputé se situer en Belgique lorsque le preneur d'assurance a sa résidence habituelle en Belgique ou, si le preneur d'assurance est une personne morale, lorsque l'établissement de cette personne morale auquel le contrat se rapporte se situe en Belgique.Le risque de l'opération d'assurance est également réputé se situer en Belgique dans les cas suivants:1° si les biens se trouvent en Belgique, lorsque l'opération d'assurance est relative:a) soit à des immeubles;b) soit à des immeubles et à leur contenu, dans la mesure où celui-ci est couvert par la même police d'assurance;c) soit à des biens meubles contenus dans un immeuble, à l'exception des biens en transit commercial, même si l'immeuble et son contenu ne sont pas couverts par la même police d'assurance;2° si l'immatriculation a lieu en Belgique, lorsque l'opération d'assurance est relative à des véhicules de toute nature;3° si le contrat est souscrit en Belgique, lorsqu'il s'agit d'une opération d'assurance d'une durée inférieure ou égale à quatre mois qui est relative à des risques encourus au cours d'un voyage ou de vacances, quelle que soit la branche concernée.Par établissement au sens de l'alinéa 2, on entend l'établissement principal de la personne morale et toute autre présence permanente de cette personne morale, quelle que soit sa forme.
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Article 173 becomes Article 173.1 Insurance operations are subject to an annual tax when the risk is located in Belgium. The risk of the insurance operation is deemed to be located in Belgium when the policyholder has their habitual residence in Belgium or, if the policyholder is a legal entity, when the establishment of that legal entity to which the contract relates is located in Belgium. The risk of the insurance operation is also deemed to be located in Belgium in the following cases: 1° if the property is in Belgium, when the insurance operation relates to: a) either buildings; b) either buildings and their contents, to the extent that they are covered by the same insurance policy; c) either movable property contained in a building, with the exception of goods in commercial transit, even if the building and its contents are not covered by the same insurance policy; 2° if the registration takes place in Belgium, when the insurance operation relates to vehicles of any kind; 3° if the contract is taken out in Belgium, when it concerns an insurance operation of a duration of four months or less which relates to risks incurred during a trip or holiday, regardless of the branch concerned. By establishment in the sense of paragraph 2, is meant the main establishment of the legal entity and any other permanent presence of that legal entity, whatever its form.
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22299_bsard
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La taxe est réduite à 2 p.c. pour les opérations d'assurances sur la vie, même si elles sont liées à un fonds d'investissement, et les constitutions de rentes viagères ou temporaires, lorsqu'elles sont conclues par des personnes physiques.Par dérogation à l'alinéa 1er, la taxe est réduite à 1,10 p.c. pour les opérations d'assurances temporaires au décès à capital décroissant qui servent à la garantie d'un emprunt hypothécaire conclu pour acquérir ou conserver un bien immobilier, lorsqu'elles sont conclues par des personnes physiques.Par dérogation à l'alinéa 1er, la taxe est ramenée à 1,10 pour cent pour les contrats d'assurance qui répondent aux critères et conditions de la loi du 26 décembre 2013 portant des dispositions diverses en matière de prêts-citoyen thématiques.Le concept assurances sur la vie couvre les assurances de personnes, à caractère forfaitaire, pour lesquelles la survenance de l'événement assuré ne dépend que de la durée de la vie humaine.
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The tax is reduced to 2 percent for life insurance operations, even if they are linked to an investment fund, and the establishment of life or temporary annuities, when they are concluded by natural persons. Notwithstanding the first paragraph, the tax is reduced to 1.10 percent for temporary death insurance operations with decreasing capital that serve as a guarantee for a mortgage loan concluded to acquire or retain real estate, when they are concluded by natural persons. Notwithstanding the first paragraph, the tax is reduced to 1.10 percent for insurance contracts that meet the criteria and conditions of the law of December 26, 2013, containing various provisions regarding thematic citizen loans. The concept of life insurance covers personal insurance with a lump sum character, for which the occurrence of the insured event depends only on the duration of human life.
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22307_bsard
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Toute inexactitude ou omission constatée dans le relevé ou la déclaration dont il est question aux troisarticles précédents est punie d'une amende égale à cinq fois le droit éludé, sans qu'elle puisse être inférieure à 50 EUR.
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Any inaccuracy or omission found in the statement or declaration referred to in the three preceding articles is punishable by a fine equal to five times the duty evaded, provided that it cannot be less than 50 EUR.
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22311_bsard
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Le taux de la taxe est fixé à 9,25 p.c.
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The rate of the tax is set at 9.25 percent.
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22339_bsard
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Le gouvernement est autorisé, en vue de sauvegarder la beauté des édifices, monuments, sites et paysages, à interdire l'apposition dans des endroits déterminés, de toutes affiches généralement quelconques ou d'affiches excédant une certaine dimension. Les infractions aux arrêtés royaux pris en exécution du présent article sont punies d'une amende de ,25 à 50 EUR. Les dispositions du premier livre du Code pénal seront appliquées à ces infractions. Le jugement de condamnation prononcera la destruction, aux frais du condamné, de l'affiche illégalement établie.
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The government is authorized, in order to safeguard the beauty of buildings, monuments, sites, and landscapes, to prohibit the posting of any posters in specified places, or posters exceeding a certain size. Violations of the royal decrees issued in execution of this article are punishable by a fine of 25 to 50 EUR. The provisions of the first book of the Penal Code will be applied to these offenses. The judgment of conviction shall order the destruction, at the expense of the convicted person, of the illegally established poster.
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22350_bsard
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Les intermédiaires non constitués ou non établis en Belgique peuvent, lorsqu'ils gèrent un compte soumis à la taxe, faire agréer par le ministre des Finances ou son délégué un représentant responsable établi en Belgique. Ce représentant s'engage solidairement envers l'Etat belge à la déclaration et au paiement de la taxe, ainsi qu'à l'exécution de toutes les obligations dont l'intermédiaire est tenu conformément au présent titre.En cas de décès du représentant responsable, de retrait de son agrément ou d'un évènement entraînant son incapacité à agir comme représentant, il doit être pourvu à son remplacement dans le mois.Le Roi détermine les conditions et les règles complémentaires de l'agrément du représentant responsable.
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Intermediaries not constituted or not established in Belgium may, when managing an account subject to tax, have a responsible representative established in Belgium approved by the Minister of Finance or his delegate. This representative undertakes joint and several liability towards the Belgian State for the declaration and payment of the tax, as well as for the fulfillment of all obligations that the intermediary is subject to in accordance with the present title. In the event of the death of the responsible representative, withdrawal of his approval, or an event causing his incapacity to act as a representative, a replacement must be provided within one month. The King determines the conditions and additional rules for the approval of the responsible representative.
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22399_bsard
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Afin d'éviter qu'un condamné soit soumis à une peine déraisonnablement lourde, le juge tient compte, dans la fixation de la peine, des amendes fiscales dues.L'article 42, 3°, du Code pénal n'est pas d'application aux avantages patrimoniaux tirés directement des infractions fiscales, aux biens et valeurs qui leur ont été substitués et aux revenus de ces avantages investis si l'action de l'administration fiscale est déclarée fondée et a donné lieu au paiement effectif de l'entièreté de cette action.
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To prevent a convicted person from being subjected to an unreasonably harsh penalty, the judge takes into account the fiscal fines owed when determining the sentence. Article 42, 3°, of the Penal Code does not apply to property benefits derived directly from tax offenses, to the goods and values that have been substituted for them, and to the income from these benefits invested if the action of the tax administration is declared founded and has resulted in the effective payment of the entirety of this action.
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22422_bsard
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Lorsque l'obligation de déclaration incombe au contribuable concerné et qu'il existe plusieurs contribuables concernés, celui d'entre eux qui transmet les informations conformément à l'article 211bis/8 est celui qui occupe la première place dans la liste ci-après :1° le contribuable concerné qui a arrêté avec l'intermédiaire le dispositif devant faire l'objet d'une déclaration ;2° le contribuable concerné qui gère la mise en oeuvre du dispositif.Un contribuable concerné n'est dispensé de l'obligation de transmettre les informations que dans la mesure où il fournit une preuve écrite que ces mêmes informations, visées à l'article 211bis, § 6/3, ont déjà été transmises par un autre contribuable concerné.
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When the obligation to declare falls on the concerned taxpayer and there are several concerned taxpayers, the one among them who transmits the information in accordance with Article 211bis/8 is the one who occupies the first place in the following list: 1° the concerned taxpayer who has concluded with the intermediary the arrangement that must be declared; 2° the concerned taxpayer who manages the implementation of the arrangement. A concerned taxpayer is exempt from the obligation to transmit the information only to the extent that they provide written proof that the same information, referred to in Article 211bis, § 6/3, has already been transmitted by another concerned taxpayer.
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22428_bsard
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La Belgique comprend trois communautés : la Communauté française, la Communauté flamande et la Communauté germanophone.
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Belgium comprises three communities: the French Community, the Flemish Community, and the German-speaking Community.
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22434_bsard
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§ 1. § 2. § 3. Les membres du personnel et le patrimoine de la province de Brabant seront répartis entre la province du Brabant wallon, la province du Brabant flamand, la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, les autorités et institutions visées aux articles 135 et 136, ainsi que l'autorité fédérale, suivant les modalités réglées par une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa.Après le prochain renouvellement des conseils provinciaux et jusqu'au moment de leur répartition, le personnel et le patrimoine restés communs sont gérés conjointement par la province du Brabant wallon, la province du Brabant flamand et les autorités compétentes dans la région bilingue de Bruxelles-Capitale.§ 4. § 5.
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§ 1. § 2. § 3. The staff members and assets of the province of Brabant shall be divided between the province of Walloon Brabant, the province of Flemish Brabant, the Brussels-Capital Region, the authorities and institutions referred to in Articles 135 and 136, as well as the federal authority, according to the modalities set by a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph. After the next renewal of the provincial councils and until their distribution, the staff and assets that remain common are managed jointly by the province of Walloon Brabant, the province of Flemish Brabant, and the competent authorities in the bilingual region of Brussels-Capital. § 4. § 5.
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22442_bsard
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La liberté individuelle est garantie.Nul ne peut être poursuivi que dans les cas prévus par la loi, et dans la forme qu'elle prescrit.Hors le cas de flagrant délit, nul ne peut être arrêté qu'en vertu d'une ordonnance motivée du juge qui doit être signifiée au plus tard dans les quarante-huit heures de la privation de liberté et ne peut emporter qu'une mise en détention préventive.
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Individual freedom is guaranteed. No one may be prosecuted except in cases provided for by law, and in the form prescribed by it. Except in the case of flagrante delicto, no one may be arrested except by a reasoned order of the judge, which must be served at the latest within forty-eight hours of the deprivation of liberty and can only result in pre-trial detention.
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22494_bsard
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Sauf le cas de flagrant délit, aucun membre de l'une ou de l'autre Chambre ne peut, pendant la durée de la session, en matière répressive, être renvoyé ou cité directement devant une cour ou un tribunal, ni être arrêté, qu'avec l'autorisation de la Chambre dont il fait partie.Sauf le cas de flagrant délit, les mesures contraignantes requérant l'intervention d'un juge ne peuvent être ordonnées à l'égard d'un membre de l'une ou de l'autre Chambre, pendant la durée de la session, en matière répressive, que par le premier président de la cour d'appel sur demande du juge compétent. Cette décision est communiquée au président de la Chambre concernée.Toute perquisition ou saisie effectuée en vertu de l'alinéa précédent ne peut l'être qu'en présence du président de la Chambre concernée ou d'un membre désigné par lui.Pendant la durée de la session, seuls les officiers du ministère public et les agents compétents peuvent intenter des poursuites en matière répressive à l'égard d'un membre de l'une ou de l'autre Chambre.Le membre concerné de l'une ou de l'autre Chambre peut, à tous les stades de l'instruction, demander, pendant la durée de la session et en matière répressive, à la Chambre dont il fait partie de suspendre les poursuites. La Chambre concernée doit se prononcer à cet effet à la majorité des deux tiers des votes exprimés.La détention d'un membre de l'une ou de l'autre Chambre ou sa poursuite devant une cour ou un tribunal est suspendue pendant la session si la Chambre dont il fait partie le requiert.
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Except in the case of flagrante delicto, no member of either House may, during the session, in criminal matters, be referred or directly summoned before a court or tribunal, nor arrested, without the authorization of the House to which he or she belongs. Except in the case of flagrante delicto, coercive measures requiring the intervention of a judge may not be ordered against a member of either House, during the session, in criminal matters, except by the first president of the court of appeal upon request of the competent judge. This decision is communicated to the president of the concerned House. Any search or seizure carried out under the preceding paragraph may only be done in the presence of the president of the concerned House or a member designated by him. During the session, only public ministry officers and competent agents may initiate criminal proceedings against a member of either House. The concerned member of either House may, at all stages of the investigation, request, during the session and in criminal matters, that the House to which he or she belongs suspend the proceedings. The concerned House must decide on this by a two-thirds majority of the votes cast. The detention of a member of either House or his or her prosecution before a court or tribunal is suspended during the session if the House to which he or she belongs so requires.
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22507_bsard
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Toute assemblée du Sénat qui serait tenue hors du temps de la session de la Chambre des représentants, est nulle de plein droit.
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Any meeting of the Senate that is held outside the session time of the Chamber of Representatives is null and void by operation of law.
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22525_bsard
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La régence ne peut être conférée qu'à une seule personne.Le Régent n'entre en fonction qu'après avoir prêté le serment prescrit par l'article 91.
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The regency can only be conferred upon a single person. The Regent does not enter into office until after having taken the oath prescribed by Article 91.
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22528_bsard
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Seuls les Belges peuvent être ministres.
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Only Belgians may be ministers.
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22550_bsard
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A l'intérieur des frontières de l'Etat, les membres des Parlements de Communauté et de régiondes communautés et des régions, mentionnées aux articles 2 et 3, ont droit au libre parcours sur toutes les voies de communication exploitées ou concédées par les pouvoirs publics.
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Within the borders of the State, the members of the Community and Regional Parliaments, referred to in Articles 2 and 3, have the right to free passage on all means of communication operated or granted by the public authorities.
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22588_bsard
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Aucun juge ne peut accepter d'un gouvernement des fonctions salariées, à moins qu'il ne les exerce gratuitement et sauf les cas d'incompatibilité déterminés par la loi.
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No judge may accept salaried functions from a government unless they perform them for free and except in cases of incompatibility determined by law.
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22590_bsard
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Il y a des juridictions militaires lorsque l'état de guerre visé à l'article 167, § 1er, alinéa 2, est constaté. La loi règle l'organisation des juridictions militaires, leurs attributions, les droits et obligations des membres de ces juridictions, et la durée de leurs fonctions.Il y a des tribunaux de commerce dans les lieux déterminés par la loi. Elle règle leur organisation, leurs attributions, le mode de nomination de leurs membres, et la durée des fonctions de ces derniers.La loi règle aussi l'organisation des juridictions du travail, leurs attributions, le mode de nomination de leurs membres et la durée des fonctions de ces derniers.Il y a des tribunaux de l'application des peines dans les lieux déterminés par la loi. Elle règle leur organisation, leurs attributions, le mode de nomination de leurs membres et la durée des fonctions de ces derniers.Disposition transitoireL'alinéa 1er entre en vigueur à la date de l'abrogation de la loi du 15 juin 1899 comprenant les titres Ier et II du Code de procédure pénale militaire.Jusqu'à cette date, la disposition suivante reste en vigueur :Des lois particulières règlent l'organisation des tribunaux militaires, leurs attributions, les droits et obligations des membres de ces tribunaux, et la durée de leurs fonctions.
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Military jurisdictions exist when the state of war referred to in Article 167, § 1, paragraph 2, is declared. The law governs the organization of military jurisdictions, their powers, the rights and obligations of the members of these jurisdictions, and the duration of their functions. There are commercial courts in places determined by law. It regulates their organization, their powers, the method of appointment of their members, and the duration of the functions of the latter. The law also regulates the organization of labor jurisdictions, their powers, the method of appointment of their members, and the duration of the functions of the latter. There are sentence enforcement courts in places determined by law. It regulates their organization, their powers, the method of appointment of their members, and the duration of the functions of the latter.
Transitional Provision
Paragraph 1 comes into force on the date of the repeal of the law of June 15, 1899, comprising titles I and II of the Military Penal Procedure Code.
Until that date, the following provision remains in force:
Special laws regulate the organization of military courts, their powers, the rights and obligations of the members of these courts, and the duration of their functions.
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22605_bsard
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§ 1. Aucun impôt au profit de l'Etat ne peut être établi que par une loi.§ 2. Aucun impôt au profit de la communauté ou de la région ne peut être établi que par un décret ou une règle visée à l'article 134.La loi détermine, relativement aux impositions visées à l'alinéa 1er, les exceptions dont la nécessité est démontrée.§ 3. Aucune charge, aucune imposition ne peut être établie par la province ou la collectivité supracommunaleque par une décision de son conseil.La loi détermine, relativement aux impositions visées à l'alinéa 1er, les exceptions dont la nécessité est démontrée.La loi peut supprimer en tout ou en partie les impositions visées à l'alinéa 1er.§ 4. Aucune charge, aucune imposition ne peut être établie par l'agglomération, par la fédération de communes et par la commune que par une décision de leur conseil.La loi détermine, relativement aux impositions visées à l'alinéa 1er, les exceptions dont la nécessité est démontrée.
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§ 1. No tax for the benefit of the State may be established except by law. § 2. No tax for the benefit of the community or the region may be established except by a decree or a rule referred to in Article 134. The law determines, with respect to the taxes referred to in the first paragraph, the exceptions whose necessity is demonstrated. § 3. No charge, no tax may be established by the province or the supra-municipal community except by a decision of its council. The law determines, with respect to the taxes referred to in the first paragraph, the exceptions whose necessity is demonstrated. The law may abolish in whole or in part the taxes referred to in the first paragraph. § 4. No charge, no tax may be established by the agglomeration, by the federation of municipalities, and by the municipality except by a decision of their council. The law determines, with respect to the taxes referred to in the first paragraph, the exceptions whose necessity is demonstrated.
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22606_bsard
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Les impôts au profit de l'Etat, de la communauté et de la région sont votés annuellement.Les règles qui les établissent n'ont force que pour un an si elles ne sont pas renouvelées.
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Taxes for the benefit of the State, the community, and the region are voted on annually. The rules that establish them are only valid for one year unless they are renewed.
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22630_bsard
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Le pouvoir législatif fédéral a le droit de déclarer qu'il y a lieu à la révision de telle disposition constitutionnelle qu'il désigne.Après cette déclaration, les deux Chambres sont dissoutes de plein droit.Il en sera convoqué deux nouvelles, conformément à l'article 46.Ces Chambres statuent, d'un commun accord avec le Roi, sur les points soumis à la révision.Dans ce cas, les Chambres ne pourront délibérer si deux tiers au moins des membres qui composent chacune d'elles ne sont présents; et nul changement ne sera adopté s'il ne réunit au moins les deux tiers des suffrages.Disposition transitoireToutefois, les Chambres, constituées à la suite du renouvellement des Chambres du 13 juin 2010 peuvent, d'un commun accord avec le Roi, statuer sur la révision des dispositions, articles et groupements d'articles suivants, exclusivement dans le sens indiqué ci-dessous :1° les articles 5, alinéa 2, 11bis, 41, alinéa 5, 159 et 190 en vue d'assurer l'exercice complet de l'autonomie des régions à l'égard des provinces sans préjudice des dispositions spécifiques actuelles de la loi du 9 août 1988 portant modification de la loi communale, de la loi électorale communale, de la loi organique des centres publics d'aide sociale, de la loi provinciale, du Code électoral, de la loi organique des élections provinciales et de la loi organisant l'élection simultanée pour les Chambres législatives et les conseils provinciaux et de celles relatives à la fonction des gouverneurs, et de limiter la signification du mot "province" utilisé dans la Constitution à sa seule signification territoriale, en dehors de toute signification institutionnelle;2° l'article 23 en vue de garantir le droit aux allocations familiales;3° le titre III en vue d'y insérer une disposition pour interdire de modifier la législation électorale à moins d'un an de la date prévue pour les élections;4° les articles 43, § 1er, 44, alinéa 2, 46, alinéa 5, 69, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83 et 168 en vue d'exécuter la réforme du bicaméralisme et de confier à la Chambre des représentants les compétences législatives résiduelles;5° les articles 46 et 117 en vue de prévoir que les élections législatives fédérales auront lieu le même jour que les élections pour le Parlement européen et qu'en cas de dissolution anticipée, la durée de la nouvelle législature fédérale ne pourra excéder le jour des élections pour le Parlement européen qui suivent cette dissolution ainsi que de permettre à une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa, de confier aux communautés et aux régions la compétence de régler, par décret spécial ou ordonnance spéciale, la durée de la législature de leurs parlements ainsi que de fixer la date de l'élection pour ceux-ci et de prévoir qu'une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa, règle la date d'entrée en vigueur des nouvelles règles reprises dans le présent point concernant les élections;6° l'article 63, § 4, en vue d'ajouter un alinéa disposant que pour les élections pour la Chambre des représentants, la loi prévoit des modalités spéciales aux fins de garantir les intérêts légitimes des néerlandophones et des francophones dans l'ancienne province du Brabant, et qu'une modification aux règles fixant ces modalités spéciales ne peut être apportée que par une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa;7° le titre III, chapitre IV, section II, sous-section III, en vue d'y insérer un article permettant à une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa, d'attribuer, pour la région bilingue de Bruxelles-Capitale, à la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, des compétences non dévolues aux communautés dans les matières visées à l'article 127, § 1er, alinéa 1er, 1° et, pour ce qui concerne les matières visées au 1°, le 3°;8° le titre III, chapitre IV, section II, sous-section III, en vue de permettre à une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa, de simplifier les procédures de coopération entre les entités;9° l'article 143 en vue d'ajouter un paragraphe qui exclut la procédure de conflit d'intérêts à l'égard d'une loi ou d'une décision de l'autorité fédérale qui modifie la base imposable, le taux d'imposition, les exonérations ou tout autre élément intervenant dans le calcul de l'impôt des personnes physiques;10° le titre III, chapitre VI, en vue d'y insérer une disposition prévoyant qu'une modification aux éléments essentiels de la réforme concernant l'emploi des langues en matière judiciaire au sein de l'arrondissement judiciaire de Bruxelles, ainsi qu'aux aspects y afférents relatifs au parquet, au siège et au ressort ne pourra être apportée que par une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa;11° l'article 144 en vue de prévoir que le Conseil d'Etat et, le cas échéant, des juridictions administratives fédérales, peuvent se prononcer sur les effets en droit privé de leurs décisions;12° l'article 151, § 1er, en vue de prévoir que les communautés et les régions disposent du droit d'ordonner des poursuites dans les matières qui relèvent de leur compétence, via le Ministre fédéral de la Justice qui en assure l'exécution immédiate, et pour permettre à une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa, de prévoir la participation des communautés et des régions, dans les matières qui relèvent de leurs compétences, à propos de la politique de recherche et de poursuite du ministère public, des directives contraignantes de politique criminelle, de la représentation dans le Collège des procureurs généraux, ainsi que de la note-cadre Sécurité intégrale et du Plan national de Sécurité;13° l'article 160 en vue d'ajouter un alinéa disposant qu'une modification aux nouvelles compétences et modalités de délibération de l'assemblée générale de la section du contentieux administratif du Conseil d'Etat ne pourra être apportée que par une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa;14° le titre IV en vue d'y insérer un article disposant que pour les élections pour le Parlement européen, la loi prévoit des modalités spéciales aux fins de garantir les intérêts légitimes des néerlandophones et des francophones dans l'ancienne province du Brabant, et qu'une modification aux règles fixant ces modalités spéciales ne peut être apportée que par une loi adoptée à la majorité prévue à l'article 4, dernier alinéa;15° l'article 180 en vue de prévoir que les assemblées qui légifèrent par voie de décret ou de règle visée à l'article 134 pourront confier des missions à la Cour des Comptes, le cas échéant, moyennant rémunération.Les Chambres ne pourront délibérer sur les points visés à l'alinéa 1er si deux tiers au moins des membres qui composent chacune d'elles ne sont présents; et nul changement ne sera adopté s'il ne réunit au moins les deux tiers des suffrages.La présente disposition transitoire ne constitue pas une déclaration au sens de l'article 195, alinéa 2.
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The federal legislative power has the right to declare that there is a need to revise such constitutional provision as it designates. After this declaration, both Chambers are dissolved as of right. Two new ones will be convened in accordance with Article 46. These Chambers shall decide, in agreement with the King, on the points submitted for revision. In this case, the Chambers may not deliberate unless at least two-thirds of the members who make up each of them are present; and no change will be adopted unless it gathers at least two-thirds of the votes.
Transitional provision
However, the Chambers, constituted following the renewal of the Chambers of June 13, 2010, may, in agreement with the King, decide on the revision of the following provisions, articles, and groups of articles, exclusively in the direction indicated below:
1° Articles 5, paragraph 2, 11bis, 41, paragraph 5, 159, and 190 with a view to ensuring the full exercise of autonomy by the regions with respect to the provinces without prejudice to the specific current provisions of the law of August 9, 1988, amending the communal law, the communal electoral law, the organic law of the public centers for social welfare, the provincial law, the Electoral Code, the organic law of the provincial elections and the law organizing the simultaneous election for the legislative Chambers and the provincial councils and those relating to the function of the governors, and to limit the meaning of the word "province" used in the Constitution to its sole territorial meaning, outside of any institutional significance;
2° Article 23 in order to guarantee the right to family allowances;
3° Title III in order to insert a provision to prohibit changing the electoral legislation less than one year before the scheduled election date;
4° Articles 43, § 1, 44, paragraph 2, 46, paragraph 5, 69, 71, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, and 168 with a view to implementing the reform of bicameralism and to entrust the Chamber of Representatives with the residual legislative powers;
5° Articles 46 and 117 in order to provide that federal legislative elections will take place on the same day as the elections for the European Parliament and that in the event of early dissolution, the duration of the new federal legislature may not exceed the day of the elections for the European Parliament following this dissolution as well as to allow a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph, to entrust the communities and regions with the power to regulate, by special decree or special ordinance, the duration of the legislature of their parliaments as well as to set the date of the election for these and to provide that a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph, regulates the date of entry into force of the new rules included in this point concerning the elections;
6° Article 63, § 4, in order to add a paragraph providing that for the elections for the Chamber of Representatives, the law provides for special arrangements to guarantee the legitimate interests of Dutch speakers and French speakers in the former province of Brabant, and that a change to the rules setting these special arrangements can only be made by a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph;
7° Title III, Chapter IV, Section II, Subsection III, in order to insert an article allowing a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph, to attribute, for the bilingual region of Brussels-Capital, to the Brussels-Capital Region, competences not devolved to the communities in the matters referred to in Article 127, § 1, paragraph 1, 1° and, concerning the matters referred to in 1°, 3°;
8° Title III, Chapter IV, Section II, Subsection III, in order to allow a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph, to simplify the procedures for cooperation between the entities;
9° Article 143 in order to add a paragraph that excludes the conflict of interest procedure with respect to a law or a decision of the federal authority that modifies the tax base, the tax rate, exemptions, or any other element involved in the calculation of personal income tax;
10° Title III, Chapter VI, in order to insert a provision providing that a change to the essential elements of the reform concerning the use of languages in judicial matters within the judicial district of Brussels, as well as to the related aspects concerning the public prosecutor's office, the bench, and the jurisdiction, can only be made by a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph;
11° Article 144 in order to provide that the Council of State and, where appropriate, federal administrative jurisdictions, may rule on the private law effects of their decisions;
12° Article 151, § 1, in order to provide that the communities and regions have the right to order prosecutions in matters within their competence, via the Federal Minister of Justice who ensures their immediate execution, and to allow a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph, to provide for the participation of the communities and regions, in matters within their competences, concerning the policy of investigation and prosecution of the public prosecutor's office, binding criminal policy directives, representation in the College of Attorneys General, as well as the Integrated Security framework note and the National Security Plan;
13° Article 160 in order to add a paragraph providing that a change to the new competences and deliberation modalities of the general assembly of the administrative litigation section of the Council of State can only be made by a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph;
14° Title IV in order to insert an article providing that for the elections for the European Parliament, the law provides for special arrangements to guarantee the legitimate interests of Dutch speakers and French speakers in the former province of Brabant, and that a change to the rules setting these special arrangements can only be made by a law adopted by the majority provided for in Article 4, last paragraph;
15° Article 180 in order to provide that the assemblies that legislate by way of decree or rule referred to in Article 134 may entrust missions to the Court of Audit, where appropriate, subject to remuneration.
The Chambers may not deliberate on the points referred to in paragraph 1 if at least two-thirds of the members who make up each of them are not present; and no change will be adopted unless it gathers at least two-thirds of the votes.
This transitional provision does not constitute a declaration within the meaning of Article 195, paragraph 2.
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22631_bsard
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Aucune révision de la Constitution ne peut être engagée ni poursuivie en temps de guerre ou lorsque les Chambres se trouvent empêchées de se réunir librement sur le territoire fédéral.
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No revision of the Constitution may be initiated or continued in times of war or when the Chambers are prevented from meeting freely within the federal territory.
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2048_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX : US-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation--intermediate and long-term survival rates.
PURPOSE: To retrospectively assess the local control and intermediate- and long-term survival of Patients, patients with liver metastases from breast cancer liver metastases, breast cancer who have undergone percutaneous ultrasonography (US)-guided radiofrequency (RF) ablation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the hospital ethics committee, and all Patients, patients provided written informed consent. RF ablation was used to treat 87 breast cancer liver metastases, breast cancer (mean diameter, 2.5 cm) in 52 female Patients, patients (median age, 55 years). Inclusion criteria were as follows: fewer than tumor, five tumors, tumors , maximum tumor, five tumors, tumors diameter of 5 cm or smaller, and disease either confined to the liver or stable with medical therapy. Forty-five (90%) of 50 Patients, patients had previously undergone chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or both, and had no response or an incomplete response to the treatment. Contrast material-enhanced computed tomography and US were performed to evaluate complications and technical success and to assess for local tumor, five tumors, tumors progression during follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess survival, and results were compared between groups with a log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was used to assess independent prognostic factors that affected survival. RESULTS: Complete tumor, five tumors, tumors necrosis was achieved in 97% of tumor, five tumors, tumors . Two (4%) minor complications occurred. Median time to follow-up from diagnosis of liver metastasis and from RF ablation was 37.2 and 19.1 months, respectively. Local tumor, five tumors, tumors progression occurred in 25% of Patients, patients . New intrahepatic metastases developed in 53% of Patients, patients . From the time of first RF ablation, overall median survival time and 5-year survival rate were 29.9 months and 27%, respectively. From the time the first liver metastasis was diagnosed, overall median survival time was 42 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 32%. Patients, patients with tumor, five tumors, tumors 2.5 cm in diameter or larger had a worse prognosis (hazard ratio, 2.1) than did Patients, patients with tumor, five tumors, tumors smaller than 2.5 cm in diameter. CONCLUSION: Survival rates in selected Patients, patients with breast cancer liver metastases, breast cancer treated with RF ablation are comparable to those reported in the literature that were achieved with surgery or laser ablation.
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4099_biomrc
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Title: Progress and challenges for cell encapsulation in XXXX therapy.
Cell encapsulation provides a method to circumvent the host immune system by encapsulating cells or tissues in immunoisolating, semipermeable membranes before implantation. The technology has been widely studied with an aim of developing bio-organs transplantable into patients without the need of immunosuppression, and in cancer, tumours, neoplasms, tumour therapy, the principle of cell encapsulation may be further exploited. Encapsulated recombinant cells represent factories or bioreactors for the production of therapeutic proteins. By implanting the bioreactors in the vicinity of the cancer, tumours, neoplasms, tumour , long-term local de novo delivery of the therapeutic proteins may be achieved. Malignant patients313 such as glioblastoma multiforme, GBM ( glioblastoma multiforme, GBM ) remain highly lethal cancer, tumours, neoplasms, tumour , refractory to current therapies. Researchers and medical professionals are working on developing translational therapies to combat these aggressive cancer, tumours, neoplasms, tumour . Numerous clinical trials on gene therapy for patients1 patients have been conducted over the last decade, but the results have largely been disappointing. Cell encapsulation represents an alternative method for local delivery of therapeutic proteins with antineoplastic properties to patients1 patients . The concept has not yet reached clinical trials, but encouraging results have been achieved in rat, rats bearing patients1 when implanting endostatin-secreting encapsulated cells into the rat, rats brain. This review primarily focuses on the recent progress that has been made with cell encapsulation technology. In addition, the challenges this field faces before clinical application in patients313 patients is discussed.
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2051_biomrc
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Title: XXXX group V: an analysis of prognostic factors.
A retrospective analysis of the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis) experience with retinoblastoma is presented. Seventy-five Patients, patients, patient were diagnosed with retinoblastoma between 1958 and 1983, of which 53 (71%) had at least one Reese-Ellsworth group V eye. Nineteen group V Patients, patients, patient and one group II Patients, patients, patient developed extraocular disease recurrence. The cumulative actuarial rate of recurrence at 12 years was 36% for Patients, patients, patient with group V disease. The median time from diagnosis to recurrence for unilateral Patients, patients, patient was seven months and for bilateral Patients, patients, patient 28 months (P = .001). Patients, patients, patient developing extraocular disease had a 10-year actuarial survival rate postrecurrence of 34%. The four long-term survivors of extraocular recurrences had had isolated orbital or local soft tissue recurrences only. Features of group V Patients, patients, patient associated with extraocular recurrences were identified by univariate life table analyses. Clinical poor-risk factors included the nongenetic form of the disease (P = .03) and male sex (P = .02). Pathologic poor risk factors included rubeosis (P = .01), undifferentiated histology (P = .03), large tumor size (P = .05), and intraocular extension to the anterior segment (P = .02), retinal pigment epithelium (P = .03), choroid (P less than .001), and optic nerve beyond the lamina cribrosa (P = .02). Treatment-associated poor-risk factors included an optic nerve length of less than 5 mm removed at enucleation (P = .003). Multivariate life table analyses demonstrated the following parameters to be independent poor-prognostic factors: optic nerve length of less than 5 mm removed at enucleation (P = .001), optic nerve involvement (P = .004), and large tumor size (P = .01). These results will help to identify Patients, patients, patient with retinoblastoma who are at greatest risk for extraocular recurrence.
| null |
4100_biomrc
|
Title: Facilitation of spatial working memory performance following intra-prefrontal cortical administration of the adrenergic alpha1 agonist XXXX .
RATIONALE: Spatial working memory is dependent on the appropriate functioning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). PFC activity can be modulated by noradrenaline (NA) released by afferent projections from the locus coeruleus. The coreuleo-cortical NA system could therefore be a target for delay-dependent impairment, cognitive enhancers of spatial working memory . Of the three classes of NA receptor potentially involved, the a2 and a1 classes seem most significant, though agents targeting these receptors have yielded mixed results. This may be partially due to the use of behavioural assays that do not translate effectively from the laboratory to the clinical setting. Use of a paradigm with improved translational potential may be essential to resolve these discrepancies. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PFC-infused a2 and a1 adrenergic receptor agonists on spatial working memory performance in the touchscreen continuous trial-unique non-matching to location (cTUNL) task in rat, rats . METHODS: Young male rat, rats were trained in the cTUNL paradigm. Cannulation of the mPFC allowed direct administration of GABA agonists for task validation, and phenylephrine and guanfacine to determine the effects of adrenergic agonists on task performance. RESULTS: Infusion of muscimol and baclofen resulted in a delay-dependent impairment, cognitive enhancers of spatial working memory . Administration of the a2 agonist guanfacine had no effect, whilst infusion of the a1 agonist phenylephrine significantly improved working memory performance. CONCLUSIONS: Spatial working memory as measured in the rat, rats cTUNL task is dependent on the mPFC. Enhancement of noradrenergic signalling enhanced performance in this paradigm, suggesting a significant role for the a1 receptor in this facilitation.
| null |
4102_biomrc
|
Title: Bariatric surgery and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes among @entity28 XXXX .
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether bariatric surgery is associated with women592 ( women592 ). METHODS: We performed a population-based retrospective cohort study to estimate the relationship between prior bariatric surgery and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The data were collected from the 2012 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS). Pregnancies in obese women with a prior bariatric surgery were compared to those of obese women without. Outcomes of interest were women468 , women592 , intrauterine fetal demise , large for gestational age, postpartum hemorrhage , failed induction of labor , cesarean delivery and operative vaginal delivery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS: 186 605 obese women with singleton gestations were identified. Among these, 1585 (0.8%) women had a prior bariatric surgery. Prior bariatric surgery was associated with an increased risk of women592 (5.7% versus 2.2%, adjusted odds ratio 2.89, 99% CI 1.55-5.39, p < 0.0001) even after adjusting for confounding factors. No differences were seen in our other outcomes of interest. CONCLUSION: Singleton gestations in obese women with a prior bariatric surgery have an increased risk of women592 . It may be reasonable screen these pregnancies for the development of growth restriction.
| null |
3_biomrc
|
Title: Recognition of familiar and unfamiliar melodies in normal aging and XXXX .
We tested normal young and elderly adults and elderly patients, persons95 ( patients, persons95 ) patients, persons on recognition memory for tunes. In Experiment 1, patients, persons95 patients, persons and age-matched controls received a study list and an old/new recognition test of highly familiar, traditional tunes, followed by a study list and test of novel tunes. The controls performed better than did the patients, persons95 patients, persons . The controls showed the "mirror effect" of increased hits and reduced false alarms for traditional versus novel tunes, whereas the patients, persons false-alarmed as often to traditional tunes as to novel tunes. Experiment 2 compared young adults and healthy elderly patients, persons using a similar design. Performance was lower in the elderly group, but both younger and older subjects showed the mirror effect. Experiment 3 produced confusion between preexperimental familiarity and intraexperimental familiarity by mixing traditional and novel tunes in the study lists and tests. Here, the subjects in both age groups resembled the patients, persons of Experiment 1 in failing to show the mirror effect. Older subjects again performed more poorly, and they differed qualitatively from younger subjects in setting stricter criteria for more nameable tunes. Distinguishing different sources of global familiarity is a factor in tune recognition, and the data suggest that this type of source monitoring is impaired in patients, persons95 and involves different strategies in younger and older adults.
| null |
4104_biomrc
|
Title: Ethanolamine oleate versus botulinum toxin in the treatment of idiopathic XXXX .
BACKGROUND: Botulinum toxin (BT) injection reduces lower esophageal sphincter pressure and alleviates symptoms in idiopathic achalasia (IA). Ethanolamine oleate (EO) has also been introduced for the treatment of IA. We compared the long-term efficacy of BT and EO injections in the treatment of IA. METHODS: A total of 189 IA Patients, patients were evaluated prospectively, of whom 21 were unwilling to undergo or were poor candidates for pneumatic balloon dilation and Heller myotomy and were enrolled in the study. Eleven Patients, patients were treated by BT, and 10 by EO injections. Patients, patients were followed up by achalasia symptom score (ASS), timed barium esophagogram (TBE), and high-resolution manometry at baseline and post-treatment. A good initial response was defined as a decrease in ASS to 4 or less, and a reduction in barium column height and volume in TBE by >50%. RESULTS: All 10 EO group Patients, patients and 10 of 11 BT group Patients, patients showed a good initial response. Four EO group relapsers and 6 BT group relapsers were managed effectively by re-injections. Mean duration of follow up was 27.38 months. On completion of the study, a sustained good response was seen in 9 and 6 Patients, patients in EO and BT groups, respectively (P=0.149). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that BT and EO have comparable efficacy in the treatment of IA. However, the cost of EO is about 2 times lower than BT.
| null |
2057_biomrc
|
Title: Involvement of @entity32 in acute coronary syndromes assessed by levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and soluble XXXX .
OBJECTIVES: Inflammation is important in the development of atherosclerosis . Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interferon-gamma which participate in collagen degradation are pathological factors in plaque vulnerability as an important mechanism underlying patients187 . This study investigated whether inflammation is related to the onset of patients187 . METHODS: This study included 56 patients with patients187 (ACS group), 104 patients with chronic coronary artery disease (S group), and 38 control subjects with no evidence of ischemic heart disease (C group). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), patients495 , and interferon-gamma were measured in peripheral blood samples. Soluble adhesion molecules ( VCAM-1 , ICAM-1 ) were also measured as inflammatory markers. RESULTS: The hs-CRP level was significantly higher in the ACS group (44.5 mg/l) than in the S group (2.1 mg/l) and the C group (0.6 mg/l) (p < 0.0001). The patients495 level was also significantly higher in the ACS group (333.8 ng/ml) than in the S group (110.8 ng/ml) and the C group (72.0 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). The VCAM-1 level was significantly higher in the ACS group (506.5 ng/ml) than in the C group (448.8 ng/ml) (p < 0.05). The ICAM-1 level and the interferon-gamma level did not differ between the groups. There was a significant positive correlation between the level of hs-CRP and the level of the collagen degradation product patients495 (r = 0.52) in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that plaque destabilized by patients495 produced in response to inflammation participates in the mechanism of patients187 .
| null |
8_biomrc
|
Title: Differential diagnosis and treatment of XXXX .
ectopia lentis, Ectopia lentis, ectopia lentis disorders continues to be a perplexing diagnostic and therapeutic problem for most ophthalmologists. However, thorough investigation, both systemic and ocular, can in most cases, establish either an environmental etiology or the nature of the heritable disorder. In cases with systemic disease and ectopia lentis, Ectopia lentis, ectopia lentis disorders , the ophthalmologist should insure that each patients, patient obtains adequate consultation with other specialists in order that proper prophylactic and therapeutic measures are available. The patients, patient614 , homocystinuria , and the Weill-Marchesani syndrome, Weill-Marchesani together account for the majority of dislocated lenses . Each of these requires a somewhat different therapeutic approach. Glaucoma, glaucoma should be recognized as a frequent complication in each of these conditions but is most serious in the Weill-Marchesani syndrome, Weill-Marchesani in which it often occurs early in life and remains unrecognized until serious damage has occurred. Because of the pupillary-block nature of the Glaucoma, glaucoma in this condition, a prophylactic peripheral iridectomy must be seriously considered in every case while lens surgery should be undertaken if the Glaucoma, glaucoma cannot be controlled by medical or surgical means. In homocystinuria , because of the potential vascular complications of general anesthesia, the ophthalmologist is often in a dilemma. The lens in this condition seems to be more mobile than in other ectopia lentis, Ectopia lentis, ectopia lentis disorders and therefore likely to compromise vision earlier in life. However, due to the risk of vascular thrombosis , lens surgery should be delayed whenever possible until the patients, patient is old enough to tolerate local anesthesia. Likewise, patients, patient with the patients, patient614 should be handled conservatively and, in general, function quite well simple with spectacle correction. Due to the high frequency of immediate surgical complications, it is advisable to avoid an open-sky technique to lens removal, using aspiration or a pars plana approach instead.
| null |
11_biomrc
|
Title: Telomerase activity in XXXX @entity2615 .
BACKGROUND: Gradual telomere erosion eventually limits the replicative life span of somatic cells and is regarded as an ultimate benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour suppressor mechanism, eliminating cells that have accumulated genetic alterations. Telomerase, which has been found in over 85% of human benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour , elongates telomeres and may be required for tumorigenesis by the process of immortalisation. Malignant mesothelioma, pleural malignant mesothelioma is an incurable benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour with a poor prognosis. The disease becomes symptomatic decades after exposure to human355 fibres, suggesting the long term survival of pre-malignant cell clones. This study investigated the presence of telomerase in Malignant mesothelioma, pleural malignant mesothelioma , which may be the target for future anti-telomerase drugs. METHODS: Telomerase activity was semiquantitatively measured in extracts from 22 primary pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma , two benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour of the pleura, four pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma cell lines, and six short term mesothelial cell cultures from normal pleura using a non-isotopic dilution assay of the telomeric repeat amplification protocol. RESULTS: Twenty of the 22 primary pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma (91%) and all benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour derived pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma cell lines were telomerase positive. Different levels of enzyme activity were observed in the benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour of different histological subtypes. Telomerase activity could not be detected in the six normal mesothelial cell cultures or in the two pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma . Both benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour showed strong telomerase activity. CONCLUSIONS: Telomerase activity is found in a high proportion of pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma and anti-telomerase drugs might therefore be useful clinically. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that telomerase activity may be a feature of human05 in pleural mesotheliomas, mesotheliomas, mesothelioma and possibly in many other benign solitary fibrous tumours, cancers, tumours, malignancy, tumour .
| null |
5_biomrc
|
Title: @entity12698 enhances radiation response of secondary @entity3478 of a XXXX @entity1149 via antiangiogenesis in vivo.
PURPOSE: metastases840 ( metastases840 ) inhibitors mediate a systemic antitumor activity via antiangiogenesis and seem to enhance the response of tumor, primary tumors to radiation. Radiosensitizing effects of metastases840 inhibition have not been reported for bone metastases . Therefore, the aim of this study was the investigation of the radiosensitizing effects of the selective metastases840 inhibitor Human2698 in secondary bone tumors of a Human149 in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human A549 lung Human89 were implanted into a cranial window preparation in male SCID Human9 (n = 24). Animals were treated with either Human2698 or radiation (7 Gy single photon dose) alone or a combination of Human2698 and radiation, respectively. Untreated animals served as controls. The impact of radiation and metastases840 inhibition on angiogenesis, microcirculation, and tumor, primary tumors growth was analyzed over 28 days by means of intravital microscopy and histological methods. RESULTS: Monotherapies with radiation as well as Human2698 had significant antitumor effects compared to untreated controls. Both therapies reduced tumor, primary tumors growth and vascularization to a similar extent. The simultaneous administration of Human2698 and radiation further enhanced the antitumor and antiangiogenic effects of single-beam radiation. With the combined treatment approach, tumor, primary tumors vascularization and tumor, primary tumors size were decreased by 57% and 51%, respectively, as compared to monotherapy with radiation. CONCLUSION: The combined application of radiation therapy and metastases840 inhibition showed synergistic effects concerning the inhibition of tumor, primary tumors growth and tumor, primary tumors angiogenesis. Therefore, the combination of radiation with metastases840 inhibitor therapy represents a promising approach to improve the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy of bone metastases .
| null |
2059_biomrc
|
Title: Context-dependent effects of yolk XXXX on nestling growth and immune function in a multibrooded passerine.
UNASSIGNED: Female birds may adjust their offspring phenotype to the specific requirements of the environment by differential allocation of physiologically active substances into yolks, such as androgens . Yolk androgens have been shown to accelerate embryonic development, growth rate and competitive ability of nestlings, but they can also entail immunological costs. The balance between costs and benefits of androgen, Androgen allocation is expected to depend on nestling environment. We tested this hypothesis in a multibrooded passerine, the spotless starling, Sturnus unicolor. We experimentally manipulated yolk androgen, Androgen levels using a between-brood design and evaluated its effects on nestling development, survival and immune function. Both in first and replacement broods, the embryonic development period was shorter for androgen, Androgen -treated chicks than controls, but there were no differences in second broods. In replacement broods, androgen, Androgen -treated chicks were heavier and larger than those hatched from control eggs, but this effect was not observed in the other breeding attempts. androgen, Androgen exposure reduced survival with respect to controls only in second broods. Regarding immune function, we detected nonsignificant trends for androgen, Androgen treatment to activate two important components of innate and adaptive immunity ( IL-6 and Ig-A levels, respectively). Similarly, androgen, Androgen -treated chicks showed greater lymphocyte proliferation than controls in the first brood and an opposite trend in the second brood. Our results indicate that yolk androgen, Androgen effects on nestling development and immunity depend on the environmental conditions of each breeding attempt. Variation in maternal androgen, Androgen allocation to eggs could be explained as the result of context-dependent optimal strategies to maximize offspring fitness.
| null |
2064_biomrc
|
Title: Radiofrequency Ablation for XXXX : Utility of Conventional Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Guiding and Assessing Early Therapeutic Response and Short-Term Follow-Up Results.
UNASSIGNED: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in guiding and assessing early therapeutic response to radiofrequency (RF) ablation for Patients, patients, patient57 ( Patients, patients, patient57 ; up to 3 lesions, each <=3 cm in diameter) and to report the short-term follow-up results. Between September 2011 and January 2013, 63 Patients, patients, patient with 78 Patients, patients, patient57 ( <=3 cm) underwent conventional US- and CEUS-guided percutaneous RF ablation. CEUS was repeated after 20-30 min to assess therapeutic response, and local efficacy was further confirmed by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 1 mo after tumor, local tumor, tumors ablation. Patients, patients, patient were followed periodically to look for tumor, local tumor, tumors or disease progression. Survival probability was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Complete ablation was achieved for 76 (97.4%) of 78 Patients, patients, patient57 in one (n = 73) or two (n = 3) sessions. No major complications were observed in any Patients, patients, patient . The overall concordance in assessment of therapeutic efficacy of RF ablation between CEUS and MRI was 97.4% (76/78 tumor, local tumor, tumors ). The concordance test gave a value of k = 0.74 (p < 0.001), indicating that CEUS had a high diagnostic agreement with MRI. During a mean follow-up of 20 mo, the tumor, local tumor, tumors progression rate was 5.3% (4/76 tumor, local tumor, tumors ). The 1-, 1.5- and 2-y cumulative survival rates were 98.4%, 96.1% and 92.6%, respectively. Although CEUS has some intrinsic limitations, the combined use of conventional US and CEUS provides a safe and efficient tool to guide RF ablation for Patients, patients, patient57 3 cm or smaller, with encouraging results in terms of survival rate and minimal complications. Moreover, the immediate post-procedural CEUS can be a reliable alternative to contrast-enhanced MRI for assessing the early therapeutic response to RF ablation.
| null |
4112_biomrc
|
Title: @entity1425 and @entity935 colocalization with XXXX in various peripheral tissues: @entity2997 effects.
Chemical sympathectomy with guanethidine (Gnt) selectively destroys the postganglionic noradrenergic neurons, whereas dopaminergic fibers and nonneural catecholamine -secreting cells are spared. As a result, the relative proportions of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine, Epinephrine (E), and dopamine (DA) in tissues can be differentially affected. This study was done to show the possible differences in the relative amount of catecholamines in some organs and tissues that might indicate the nature of the secretory cells from which they originate. The contents of NE, E, and DA were assessed in rats neonatally treated with Gnt. Gnt-treated rats showed significantly lower levels of NE (P < 0.01) in all tissues except the adrenal gland and paraganglia. epinephrine, Epinephrine was present in all tissues with mean levels below 25 ng/g, with the exception of the adrenal gland (700 microg/gland) and paraganglia (100 ng/g). Only the heart showed lower values in Gnt-treated rats . Mean DA levels were also very high in paraganglia (530 ng/g). In the Gnt-treated rats , DA levels fell practically to zero except in the duodenum, mesentery, and adrenal, whereas there were high levels in the paraganglia, which were significantly different from controls. The results suggest that the three catecholamines are contained mainly in noradrenergic sympathetic fibers of muscle, white adipose tissue, heart, liver, pancreas, and spleen. The duodenum and mesentery may have dopaminergic fibers or E- and DA-containing nonneural cells. Hepatic-vagus paraganglia contain all the catecholamines in relatively high amounts in nonneural cells, and Gnt treatment raises DA levels without affecting the other amines .
| null |
4114_biomrc
|
Title: [Determination of trace @entity349 in hair by XXXX generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry].
A method for determination of trace mercury in hair by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry under normal or high temperature and high humidity condition was described. The ways of samples pretreatment, analysis and rapid clearing up bad memory were researched. The results showed: that the effect of instability of mercury can be cushioned under high temperature and high humidity condition by choosing much negative high pressure and control long the fluorescence intensity of standard blank. There weren't evident differences in the measure results of standard graph, standard and sample between normal and high temperature and high humidity conditions. When the reducer concentration was more than 2.5 percent or less than 1.5 percent the fluorescence signal was often overrun or disappeared. The sensitivity and stability of instrument weren't easily balanced. Due to sulfuric acid remainder, the fluorescence intensity of sample blank was higher than that of standard blank, especially under high temperature and high humidity, so in the proceed of sample pretreatment sulfuric acid was used scarcely. The bad memory effect can be cleared up rapidly by correction of negative high pressure and correction of of timized standard graph. The method was rapid and accurate. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was equal to or small than 1.1%. The detection limit of the method was 0.006 ng x mL(-1).
| null |
2068_biomrc
|
Title: Risk for XXXX associated with maternal and paternal age.
UNASSIGNED: The role of reproductive factors, such as parental age, in the pathogenesis of child778 is being intensively examined; the results of individual studies are controversial. This meta-analysis aims to quantitatively synthesize the published data on the association between parental age and risk of two major distinct child778 in the offspring. Eligible studies were identified and pooled relative risk (RR) estimates were calculated using random-effects models, separately for childhood childhood ALL, ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( childhood ALL, ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia ) and acute myeloid leukemia, AML, childhood AML ( acute myeloid leukemia, AML, childhood AML ). Subgroup analyses were performed by study design, geographical region, adjustment factors; sensitivity analyses and meta-regression analyses were also undertaken. 77 studies (69 case-control and eight cohort) were deemed eligible. Older maternal and paternal age were associated with increased risk for childhood ALL, ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (pooled RR = 1.05, 95 % CI 1.01-1.10; pooled RR = 1.04, 95 % CI 1.00-1.08, per 5 year increments, respectively). The association between maternal age and risk of acute myeloid leukemia, AML, childhood AML showed a U-shaped pattern, with symmetrically associated increased risk in the oldest (pooled RR = 1.23, 95 % CI 1.06-1.43) and the youngest (pooled RR = 1.23, 95 % CI 1.07-1.40) extremes. Lastly, only younger fathers were at increased risk of having a child with acute myeloid leukemia, AML, childhood AML (pooled RR = 1.28, 95 % CI 1.04-1.59). In conclusion, maternal and paternal age represents a meaningful risk factor for child778 , albeit of different effect size by child778 subtype. Genetic and socio-economic factors may underlie the observed associations. Well-adjusted studies, scheduled by large consortia, are anticipated to satisfactorily address methodological issues, whereas the potential underlying genetic mechanisms should be elucidated by basic research studies.
| null |
21_biomrc
|
Title: [ @entity2690 -dependent XXXX . Study and follow-up of 100 cases].
Clinical records of one hundred pediatric patients, child affected by patients, child723 have been analyzed. All the patients, child have been followed since the beginning of the disease and they have had a check up on average of four months (weight, height, blood pressure, HbA1 , C peptide , Triglyceridemia, renal function were evaluated). The method of home-self-monitoring was applied. After four years, and periodically thereafter, microvascular abnormalities were evaluated in all the patients, child by fluorescein angiography. patients, child6 was evaluated only in symptomatic patients, child by peripheral nerve conduction. The average follow up period was 6.1 years (range 1-20). RESULTS: the onset of the disease was expressed in 11% of the cases by coma , in 14% by patients, child270 , in the remaining cases by hyperglycemia only. The severity of initial symptoms has progressively and significantly decreased in the last years. In 7% of the subjects diabetes affected more members of the same family (4 couples of siblings and 3 couples of parent- patients, child ). An infection preceding the onset of the disease was present in the history of 23% of the cases. Islet cell antibodies were found in 83% of the studied cases at the onset of the disease. In 80 out of the 100 patients, child a detailed history has been obtained about the occurrence of patients, child270 episodes after the first admission and about the occurrence of severe hypoglycemic crises ( seizures and/or coma ). 17% of the patients, child presented at least one patients, child270 episode after the first admission (the main cause was infection before 12 years of age, an emotional problem thereafter).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
28_biomrc
|
Title: Primary XXXX : case report with long-term clinical and MRI follow-up.
UNASSIGNED: patient595 ( patient595 ) is a rare systemic disorder caused by the bacteria patient599 . In its classic form, it manifests with gastrointestinal symptoms, gastrointestinal problems including diarrhea , abdominal pain , and weight loss . However, various other systems can be affected, including the central nervous system (CNS). Even more rarely, the CNS is primarily affected without gastrointestinal symptoms, gastrointestinal problems and with a negative small bowel biopsy. The incidence of primary CNS patient595 is unknown. We report the case of a young female with the primary CNS form of patient595 . In this report, we highlight the main clinical features and diagnostic procedures that lead to the diagnosis and comment on the treatment and clinical response. We stress the importance of neuroimaging and brain biopsy. A unique feature of this case is that the patient has been followed up for 12 years. At the time of diagnosis, no neurological manifestations were detected, although a tumor-like lesion in the right temporal lobe and hypothalamic infiltration were present on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The first neurological manifestations developed 2 years later despite recommended antibiotic treatment, with cognitive impairment developing more than 10 years later. According to the MRI findings and clinical course, the disease was active for several years when multiple lesions on MRI appeared despite antibiotic therapy. In the discussion, we compare the present case with similar cases previously reported and we elaborate on the similarities and discrepancies in clinical features, diagnostic procedures, results, and treatment options.
| null |
4127_biomrc
|
Title: Abstinence from night sleep as a treatment for XXXX . The earliest observations in a Danish mental hospital (1954) and an analysis of the causal mechanism.
In the early 1950s before antidepressants were in use, I conceived the idea of treating patients, patient, people with pure endogenous depressions, depression by having them abstain from night sleep for two or more nights. The idea was based on several clinical observations: "It looks as if sleep as such has an unfortunate influence on the state of the endogenous depressions, depression and as if the organism itself resists the sleep rhythm during the period of endogenous depressions, depression ." My first clinical experiment was conducted in June 1954 and was followed later by several others. At that time, I could not ascertain from the available literature whether this therapy had been tried elsewhere. The experiments completely confirmed that the hypothesis was correct--that the patients, patient, people ' condition had improved and that the treatment influenced the subcortical processes which determined the complaint. This led to studies on the transmitter function in the states of sleeping and waking, respectively, among healthy and sick patients, patient, people or, more precisely, the influence of darkness and light, respectively, on these functions. The studies appeared to confirm that therapy in which the patients, patient, people is kept awake encourages the production of activating substances such as antidepressants. The most recent research on melatonin , which is formed in the corpus pineale, is briefly discussed. Provisional results seem to indicate that this substance has an inhibiting effect on vital brain functions in periods of darkness (periods of sleep) and thus contributes to the maintenance of the endogenous depressions, depression because melatonin is especially produced in the dark periods of the daily cycle. These investigations, though still at an experimental stage, suggest exciting possibilities, also for psychiatry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
2089_biomrc
|
Title: Clinical trials in XXXX older adults: home versus clinic assessments.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the reliability of instruments used in clinical trials involving cognitively impaired older adults when the instruments are administered in-home rather than in-clinic and to compare withdrawal rates is these two groups. DESIGN: This study was part of a larger n-of-1 clinical trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of a patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS1926 inhibitor ( Brofaromine ) in patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS with patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS95 . patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS were initially assessed at the clinic (baseline) and then randomly allocated to in-home or in-clinic assessments for the remainder of the trial. The baseline and second assessment (performed before initiation of the treatment) were used for the reliability analysis. Withdrawal rates were examined over the course of the 6-month trial. SETTING: Assessments took place at a geriatric clinic in an urban university teaching hospital and at residences of some of the patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS . patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS : Forty-six patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS95 patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS participated in the study, of which, 22 were randomized to in-home assessments and 24 to in-clinic assessments. MEASUREMENTS: Test-retest reliability was measured for all five instruments used in the study and was based on the first two assessments. Sample size requirements, based on within-group variance, were calculated. Withdrawal rates were obtained for the total duration of the trial. RESULTS: Test-retest reliability of the instruments, as determined by intraclass correlations, was good in both groups but favored in-clinic for all but one instrument (range: 0.47-0.90 for in-home vs 0.57-0.92 for in-clinic). Sample size requirements based on reliability assessment data were found to be larger for some instruments when administered in-home. Only four in-home patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS withdrew before completion of the study, compared with eight in-clinic patients, Participants, PARTICIPANTS . CONCLUSION: The results suggest the in-home assessments in cognitively impaired older adults may result in lower withdrawal rates but may necessitate larger sample sizes to offset larger test-retest variability.
| null |
4139_biomrc
|
Title: Predictors of clinically significant postoperative events after XXXX surgery.
BACKGROUND: Craniosynostosis, craniosynostosis, open craniosynostosis surgery is associated with clinically significant postoperative events requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. The authors investigate specific variables, which might influence the risk for these events, and thereby make recommendations regarding the need for postoperative ICU admission. METHODS: A retrospective review of 225 children, patients, Children undergoing Craniosynostosis, craniosynostosis, open craniosynostosis repair at a single center during a 10-yr period is reported. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of predefined clinically relevant postoperative cardiorespiratory and hematological events requiring ICU admission. RESULTS: The incidences of postoperative cardiorespiratory and hematological events requiring ICU care were 14.7% (95% CI, 10.5 to 20.1%) and 29.7% (95% CI, 24.0 to 36.3%), respectively. Independent predictors of children, patients, Children37 were body weight less than 10 kg, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 3 or 4, intraoperative transfusion of greater than 60 ml/kg packed erythrocytes, and the occurrence of an intraoperative complication . The independent predictors of hematological events were body weight less than 10 kg, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 3 or 4, intraoperative transfusion of greater than 60 ml/kg packed erythrocytes, transfusion of hemostatic products (fresh-frozen plasma, platelets, and/or cryoprecipitate), and tranexamic acid, Tranexamic acid not administered. CONCLUSIONS: children, patients, Children undergoing Craniosynostosis, craniosynostosis, open craniosynostosis surgery are at increased risk for clinically significant postoperative events requiring ICU admission if they are less than 10 kg body weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 3 or 4, require intraoperative transfusion of greater than 60 ml/kg of packed erythrocytes, receive hemostatic blood products, or if they develop a significant intraoperative complication . tranexamic acid, Tranexamic acid administration was associated with fewer postoperative events. A predictive clinical algorithm for pediatric children, patients, Children having major Craniosynostosis, craniosynostosis, open craniosynostosis surgery was developed and validated to risk stratify these children, patients, Children .
| null |
4140_biomrc
|
Title: Heterogeneity of @entity73 and its Variation with the Severity of @entity303 in @entity1 with XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Currently, the lack of awareness of deficits, i.e., patients054 , is a major obstacle in the healthcare circuit that delays the diagnosis of patients95 ( patients95 ). However, a clear framework is lacking in the literature related to this phenomenon in terms of its definition, mechanisms, and objects. The aim of this study is to assess the different levels of cognitive anosognosia using a prediction-performance procedure and to identify the potential correlates of these levels. A sample of patients with probable patients95 was divided into three groups according to the severity of Dementia, dementia (mild (MiD), moderate (MoD), and moderately severe ( patients1159 ) Dementia, dementia ), ranked according to the results of the Mini-Mental State Examination. We observed the following three scores: the real score, the prediction score, and the patients054 score. These scores were calculated based on the prediction-performance task MISAwareness from the Dementia, dementia Rating Scale for cognitive processes (i.e., Attention, Initiation, Conceptualization, Construction, and Memory). We obtained a strong plateau effect between the MiD and MoD groups for patients054 scores for actual performance or prediction for both the level of overall functioning and for specific processes. The sole exception was the result for memory processes. Moreover, the profiles of the patients ' responses on the Memory subscale were substantially different and, indeed, opposite from those for the other processes. The main results confirm the multidimensionality of patients054 and its variability with the stage of Dementia, dementia and specifically implicate memory processes that indicate a cleavage between memory and other cognitive functions.
| null |
2100_biomrc
|
Title: [The effectiveness of a combination of @entity206 plus XXXX and local injection of antibiotics into the prostate in @entity5116 ].
Seventy out- patients suffering from chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated with a combination of trimethoprim plus patients215 or trimethoprim alone. A combination of 300 mg. patients215 plus 160 mg. trimethoprim ( rifaprim ) was used. Forty-four patients were administered rifaprim at doses of 920 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Twenty-six patients were administered trimethoprim at doses of 320 mg. (twice a day) for two months. Cultures of the expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) yielded gram-positive bacteria in 61 patients and gram-negative bacteria in 9. In rifaprim group, clinical responses were excellent in 9 cases, moderate in 23 cases and poor in 12 cases. The efficacy rate was 73%. In trimethoprim group, excellent in 1 case, moderate in 14 cases and poor in 11 cases. The efficacy rate was 60%. Seven patients of chronic bacterial prostatitis were treated by local injection of tobramycin into the prostate. The antibiotic level in the prostatic fluid twenty-four hours after injection was very high. The patients58 and discomfort experienced by the patients during injection into the prostate were minimal. Local necrosis was not found after histologic or electron microscopic studies of biopsied prostatic specimen after the injection. Results show that this simple method should be valuable in the treatment of the refractory group of chronic bacterial prostatitis .
| null |
54_biomrc
|
Title: Usefulness of twice-daily XXXX in preventing development of tolerance in @entity951 .
Development of tolerance to nitrates during long-term therapy is a major concern. It has been suggested that patients5230 (IS-5MN), an active metabolite of isosorbide dinitrate , administered twice daily 12 hours apart does not lead to development of tolerance. The duration of effects of IS-5MN at a dose of 20 and 40 mg and of placebo was studied in patients with angina pectoris who responded to nitrates after the first dose (n = 12) and after 1 week of twice-daily therapy (n = 9). The study was double-blind, randomized and crossover in design. Compared with placebo values, after the first dose of 20 and 40 mg IS-5MN, exercise duration was higher at 2 hours (p less than 0.001) and 6 hours (p less than 0.02). After 1 week of twice-daily therapy at these doses, exercise duration increased at 2 hours (p less than 0.05) but not at 6 or 10 hours after the dose. After the first dose of 20 and 40 mg IS-5MN, standing systolic blood pressure decreased at 2 hours (p less than 0.02). Blood pressure did not change significantly after chronic therapy. Tolerance to antianginal effects during twice-daily therapy with 20 and 40 mg of IS-5MN developed despite higher plasma IS-5MN concentrations at 2 and 6 hours during twice-daily therapy than after the first dose. The tolerance during twice-daily therapy with IS-5MN was characterized by a reduced peak effect at 2 hours and shortened duration of action compared with first-dose effects.
| null |
4150_biomrc
|
Title: The XXXX biofilm matrix contains DNA, and an endogenous nuclease controls its incorporation.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. gonorrhoeae has been shown to produce biofilms both in experimental flow chambers and in the human host. Our laboratory has shown that extracellular DNA is an essential component of the gonococcal matrix. We have also identified a gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. gonorrhoeae , which we designated Nuc, nuc . This gene has homology with the staphylococcus-secreted thermonuclease. Our laboratory has characterized Nuc, nuc through phenotypic analysis of a Nuc, nuc deletion mutant. Biofilms grown with this strain are significantly thicker and of greater biomass than the Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. gonorrhoeae 1291 parent strain. Confocal microscopy indicates that the increased size of the mutant biofilms appears to be due to elevated amounts of extracellular DNA in the biofilm matrix. Chromosomal complementation of the Nuc, nuc mutation restored the wild-type biofilm phenotype. In addition, we have cloned and expressed the Nuc, nuc protein in Escherichia coli , and our data indicate that it has the ability to digest multiple forms of DNA and is a thermonuclease. The ability of Nuc, nuc to digest DNA also extends to its ability to disrupt established gonococcal biofilms through degradation of the DNA in the biofilm matrix. Our studies indicate that the Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. gonorrhoeae biofilm contains DNA and that the Nuc, nuc protein appears to play a role in biofilm formation and remodeling.
| null |
4152_biomrc
|
Title: Comparative study of @entity8185 and XXXX safety in healthy Thai volunteers.
OBJECTIVE: As part of new drug development initiatives in Thailand, a new tablet formulation of dihydroartemisinin ( DHA , an antimalarial drug) has been developed. Our previous bioequivalence study indicated that the new and reference DHA formulations were well tolerated; however, a significant decrease in hemoglobin was detected after a single 200-mg oral dose. To explore further, a clinical study with an emphasis on hematological parameters was conducted. METHODS: A single-center, randomized, single-blind, cross-over clinical study was conducted in 18 healthy volunteers with a dosage of 300 mg daily for 2 days. Artesunate was used as a comparator. Adverse events were monitored and laboratory parameters on study Days 0, 2, 5, and 7 post drug administrations were analyzed. RESULTS: Eighteen volunteers completed both rounds of the study. Both drugs were well tolerated. All adverse events were mild. Significant decrease in hemoglobin compared to baseline was detected for both drugs 7 days after administration ( DHA : 0.48 g/dl, p = 0.007; artesunate 0.38 g/dl, p = 0.001). Transient bone marrow suppression was evidenced by reduction of reticulocytes with a lowest number on study Day 5 (artesunate 75% reduction in reticulocyte count; DHA 47%, p < 0.001 for both drugs compared to baseline). CONCLUSION: The present study confirmed our previous finding on significant decrease in hemoglobin. Artesunate appeared to have more negative effects on the numbers of reticulocytes and white blood cells than DHA . Systemic laboratory and toxicity profiles presented in this study may be used as a framework for future clinical studies of artemisinin and its derivatives.
| null |
2107_biomrc
|
Title: Evaluation of a novel microextraction technique for aqueous samples: porous membrane envelope filled with multiwalled XXXX nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer.
A novel microextraction technique based on membrane-protected multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MWCNTs-MIP) was developed. In this technique, MWCNTs-MIP were packed inside a polypropylene membrane envelope, which was then clamped onto a paper clip. For extraction, the packed membrane envelope was first impregnated with toluene and then placed in sample solutions. Target analytes in the solutions were first extracted into toluene in the membrane envelope, and were then extracted specifically onto the MWCNTs-MIP. After the extraction, target analytes were desorbed in methanol for liquid chromatography analysis. MWCNTs-MIP of prometryn were used as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of this novel microextraction technique. Factors affecting the extraction including organic solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, salt concentration, and pH were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for the selected triazine herbicides were 0.08-0.38 g/L. The prepared membrane envelope could be used at least 50 times. The developed method was used for the analysis of the triazines spiked in river water, wastewater, and liquid milk, with recoveries ranging from 79.3-97.4, 58.9-110.3 and 76.2-104.9%, respectively.
| null |
4156_biomrc
|
Title: Biomechanical properties of the XXXX 's aortic root and ascending aorta before and after personalised external aortic root support surgery.
UNASSIGNED: patients, patient614 is an inherited systemic connective tissue disease which may lead to aortic root disease causing dilatation, dissection and rupture of the aorta. The standard treatment is a major operation involving either an artificial valve and aorta or a complex valve repair. More recently, a personalised external aortic root support (PEARS) has been used to strengthen the aorta at an earlier stage of the disease avoiding risk of both rupture and major surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the stress and strain fields of the patients, patient614 aortic root and ascending aorta before and after insertion of PEARS in order to understand its biomechanical implications. Finite element (FE) models were developed using patients, patient -specific aortic geometries reconstructed from pre and post-PEARS magnetic resonance images in three patients, patient614 patients, patient . For the post-PEARS model, two scenarios were investigated-a bilayer model where PEARS and the aortic wall were treated as separate layers, and a single-layer model where PEARS was incorporated into the aortic wall. The wall and PEARS materials were assumed to be isotropic, incompressible and linearly elastic. A static load on the inner wall corresponding to the patients, patient ' pulse pressure was applied. Results from our FE models with patients, patient -specific geometries show that peak aortic stresses and displacements before PEARS were located at the sinuses of Valsalva but following PEARS surgery, these peak values were shifted to the aortic arch, particularly at the interface between the supported and unsupported aorta. Further studies are required to assess the statistical significance of these findings and how PEARS compares with the standard treatment.
| null |
60_biomrc
|
Title: Adaptive seamless design for an efficacy trial of replication-competent adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy and radiation in newly-diagnosed XXXX (ReCAP Trial).
PURPOSE: Cumulative evidence has suggested investigation of the efficacy of Replication-Competent Adenovirus-mediated Suicide Gene Therapy in newly-diagnosed prostate cancer, Prostate Cancer (ReCAP). There is a challenge in designing an efficacy trial for newly-diagnosed prostate cancer, Prostate Cancer given its long natural history. The regulatory agency recommended a Phase II trial for safety before conducting the efficacy trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The ReCAP trial is an adaptive seamless, multi-site open-label, randomized Phase II/III trial. Two hundred eighty patients, men will be randomized to receive either replication-competent adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy followed by radiation ( patients, men8504 ) or radiation alone ( Arm 2 ). Phase II trial component will include the first 21 patients, men in patients, men8504 with complete patients, men37 through day 90 for safety evaluation. The primary efficacy endpoint is the time free from biochemical and/or clinical failure (FFF). The secondary efficacy endpoints are 2-year prostate biopsies and overall survival. Unequal spaced interim looks are proposed with the adaptive sample-size re-estimation. RESULTS: This trial has been approved by the FDA for the study therapy investigation and is currently recruiting patients, men . CONCLUSIONS: Challenges remain in designing newly-diagnosed prostate cancer, Prostate Cancer trials. Adaptive seamless design is time-saving and a cost-effective design in the development of novel medical therapies, but requires a specified statistical plan in the decision process involved.
| null |
4158_biomrc
|
Title: [Clinic-pathologic characteristics of XXXX combined with @entity1893 ].
This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of patient, patients with autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases combined with patient, patients893 ( patient, patients893 ). The clinical characteristics and pathologic patterns of 6 patient, patients with patient, patients893 who concurrently suffered from autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases were analysed retrospectively from aspects of clinical course, pathologic features, and therapy. Treatment outcomes for autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases and patient, patients893 were observed. The results showed that 6 patient, patients included 4 females and 2 males, range in age from 28 to 65 years with a median age of 56 years. The autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases are patient, patients0632 ( patient, patients0632 , 2 cases), "Crohns disease", CD9 ( "Crohns disease", CD9 , 2 cases), ulcerative colitis, UC ( ulcerative colitis, UC , 1 case) and "Crohns disease", CD ( "Crohns disease", CD , 1 case). The patient, patients893 located not only in the lymph node (n = 3) but also in extranodal sites (n = 3). Histologically, 3 cases were patient, patients892 ( patient, patients892 ), 2 cases were extranodal nasal NK/ T lymphoma (ENKL) and 1 case was ulcerative colitis, UC91 , not otherwise specified. Based on CD10 , Bcl-6 and patient, patients4546 expression patterns, all 3 patient, patients892 were classified as non-GC subtype. EBER positive tumor cells were detected in 2 case of ENKL. 5 patient, patients achieved a complete remission (83%) and 1 patient, patients was primary drug-resistant after CHOP chemotherapy or involved radiotherapy. Median survival from the time of lymphoma diagnosis was 3 years. 1 patient, patients showed clinical improvement of the patient, patients0632 symptoms, 2 patient, patients ( "Crohns disease", CD and ulcerative colitis, UC ) showed stable state of disease and 2 patient, patients with "Crohns disease", CD9 and 1 patient, patients with patient, patients0632 needed continuing treatment for their autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases after chemotherapy for patient, patients893 . It is concluded that the development of patient, patients893 is one of the most serious complications in patient, patients with autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases . There is an increased frequency of non-GC subtype patient, patients892 . CHOP combined with or without radiotherapy proves to be effective for autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases patient, patients with aggressive patient, patients893 but ineffective for concurrent autoimmune disease, autoimmune diseases .
| null |
4155_biomrc
|
Title: Profiling of @entity2801 mutations in Korean XXXX .
Haemophilia A, HA ( Haemophilia A, HA ) is an X chromosome-linked inherited bleeding disorder caused by heterogeneous mutations of coagulation factor VIII, FVIII ( coagulation factor VIII, FVIII ). Although more than 900 mutations of coagulation factor VIII, FVIII gene are reported in the HAMSTeRS database, the mutation data regarding the coagulation factor VIII, FVIII gene in the Korean population is currently insufficient. The aim of this study was to profile the mutations of coagulation factor VIII, FVIII in Korean Haemophilia A, HA , 38 unrelated Korean Haemophilia A, HA male patients, patient were examined. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the patients, patient . Long distance-PCR was performed for the identification of inversions in intron 22 and intron 1. Then gross exon deletion was examined to the inversion-negative patients, patient by multiplex-PCR. Finally, direct sequencing was performed on exons 1-26, 5'- and 3'-UTR. We identified 33 mutations from the 38 patients, patient . These included 15 inversions in intron 22 (39.5%), one inversion in intron 1 (2.6%), one gross exon deletion (2.6%), five deletions (13.2%), two insertions (5.3%), six missense (15.8%) and three nonsense mutations (7.9%). Mutation types for five patients, patient (13.2%) were not identified in this study. We determined that the most common defect in coagulation factor VIII, FVIII in this study was an inversion mutation in intron 22; this is consistent with the findings of other studies. For the first time in Korean Haemophilia A, HA , a patients, patient with intron 1 inversion was found. In addition, we report eight novel mutation types which never been reported in HAMSTeRS database. The mutation data in this study should prove useful as a reference for the diagnosis of Haemophilia A, HA and the detection of carriers in the Korean population.
| null |
4163_biomrc
|
Title: From the archives of the AFIP. XXXX : radiologic-pathologic correlation.
Vascular lesions of bone and soft tissue are relatively common musculoskeletal neoplasms . hemangioma, Osseous hemangioma, Hemangioma is the most frequently encountered angiomatous lesions, angiomatous lesion . hemangioma, Osseous hemangioma, Hemangioma commonly involves the spine and calvaria and often has a characteristic radiographic appearance, with either coarsened trabeculae lying adjacent to the vascular channels or multifocal lytic areas creating a honeycomb pattern. Soft-tissue hemangioma, Osseous hemangioma, Hemangioma is the most frequent soft-tissue neoplasm of infancy and childhood. Radiography and computed tomography (CT) may show phleboliths in cavernous soft-tissue hemangioma, Osseous hemangioma, Hemangioma . The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging appearance, however, is often more distinctive, because fat overgrowth and serpentine vascular channels can be seen. Lymphangioma usually occurs in the neck and axillae of young children as a soft-tissue mass composed of large cavernous spaces and is well evaluated with CT, ultrasound, or MR imaging. Vascular lesions can also diffusely involve both bone and soft tissue in angiomatosis . A group of children46 , including hemangioendothelioma , hemangiopericytoma , and neoplasm426 , may have a nonspecific imaging appearance; however, the vascular pattern can be recognized in some cases, allowing radiologic diagnosis. Imaging is important throughout the evaluation of angiomatous lesions, angiomatous lesion for detection, diagnosis, preoperative assessment, and treatment.
| null |
4164_biomrc
|
Title: Overexpression of a splice variant of oncostatin M receptor beta in @entity1 XXXX .
BACKGROUND: Expression of oncostatin M receptor beta ( human, patients8037 ) has been reported in human, patients tumor, cancers , however its role in human, patients721 ( human, patients721 ) remains unknown. Using differential display, earlier we reported the identification of an alternatively spliced variant of human, patients8037 in human, patients721 . Here in we characterized this novel variant encoding a soluble form of this receptor (sOSMRb) and determined its clinical significance and correlation with the expression of oncostatin ( OSM ) and human, patients778 inhibitory factor receptor beta ( LIFR b) in human, patients721 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In silico analysis was carried out to characterize the differentially expressed transcript of human, patients8037 and its expression was determined in ESCCs and matched normal esophageal tissues using semiquantitative RT-PCR. The expressions of both truncated and full length human, patients8037 proteins were analyzed in human, patients721 tissues and human, patients ' sera using western blotting and immunoprecipitation. By immunoprecipitation we have also shown direct interaction between sOSMRB and OSM . We also explored the relationship between expression of OSM and its receptors, human, patients8037 and LIFRb, in primary human, patients ESCCs and normal epithelia using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Overexpression of alternatively spliced human, patients8037 b transcript was detected by RT-PCR in 9 of 11 ESCCs. Analysis of the soluble receptor revealed absence of sOSMRb protein in esophageal tissues, however, immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis showed its presence in sera of human, patients721 human, patients further confirming expression of the alternatively spliced human, patients8037 b in human, patients721 human, patients . Immunohistochemical analysis in tissue microarray, TMA ( tissue microarray, TMA ) format showed expression of human, patients8037 , LIFR and OSM in 11/50 (23%), 47/50 (94%) and 47/50 (94%) ESCCs, respectively. Strong correlation was observed between cytoplasmic expression of LIFRb and OSM in tumor, cancers cells (p = 0.000, O.R = 50, 95%CI = 8-31.9), and nuclear expression of LIFRb and OSM (p = 0.039 OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1-8.2), suggesting that LIFRb serves as the major receptor in ESCCs. CONCLUSION: An alternatively spliced variant of human, patients8037 transcribing a soluble form of this receptor has been characterized in human, patients721 . We speculate that the truncated human, patients8037 characterized here in may act as a neutralizing receptor for OSM . Our immunohistochemical study showed that human, patients8037 and its pathway is not activated in ESCCs.
| null |
4167_biomrc
|
Title: Activated platelets are the source of elevated levels of soluble @entity2936 ligand in the circulation of @entity29 XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The CD40 / patients, human, PATIENTS1603 system, a key regulator and amplifier of immune reactivity, is activated in inflammatory bowel disease, IBD ( inflammatory bowel disease, IBD ) mucosa. AIMS: To determine whether plasma levels of sCD40L are elevated in CD, "Crohns disease" ( CD, "Crohns disease" ) and ulcerative colitis, UC ( ulcerative colitis, UC ) patients, human, PATIENTS compared with normal controls, to investigate the cellular source of sCD40L, and to explore patients, human, PATIENTS1603 induction mechanisms. patients, human, PATIENTS : CD, "Crohns disease" , ulcerative colitis, UC , and normal control subjects were studied. METHODS: The concentration of sCD40L in plasma and supernatants of freshly isolated platelets and autologous peripheral blood T cells (PBT) was measured by ELISA. Surface patients, human, PATIENTS1603 expression level was measured by flow cytometry in resting and thrombin activated platelets, and unstimulated and CD3/ patients, human, PATIENTS361 stimulated PBT before and after coculture with patients, human, PATIENTS intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (HIMEC). RESULTS: Compared with normal controls, plasma sCD40L levels were significantly higher in both CD, "Crohns disease" and ulcerative colitis, UC patients, human, PATIENTS and proportional to the extent of mucosal inflammation . Platelets from inflammatory bowel disease, IBD patients, human, PATIENTS displayed a significantly higher surface patients, human, PATIENTS1603 expression than those from control subjects, and released greater amounts of sCD40L than autologous PBT . Contact with patients, human, PATIENTS356 activated HIMEC induced significant upregulation of patients, human, PATIENTS1603 surface expression and release by platelets. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of sCD40L in the circulation of inflammatory bowel disease, IBD patients, human, PATIENTS reflect enhanced surface expression and release of patients, human, PATIENTS1603 by platelets. This phenomenon translates to an increased platelet activation state apparently induced by passage through an inflamed mucosal microvascular bed, a conclusion supported by the positive correlation of plasma sCD40L levels with the extent of anatomical involvement by inflammatory bowel disease, IBD . These results suggest that platelet-endothelial interactions critically contribute to activation of the CD40 pathway in inflammatory bowel disease, IBD .
| null |
4168_biomrc
|
Title: Effect of desmopressin on XXXX and @entity190 in @entity1 undergoing valvular heart surgery.
BACKGROUND: patients90 after cardiac surgery can be caused by impaired platelet (PLT) function after cardiopulmonary bypass. Desmopressin or DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin ( DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin ) is a synthetic analog of vasopressin. DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin can increase the level of von Willebrand factor and coagulation factor VIII, thus it may enhance PLT function and improve coagulation. In this study, we assessed the effects of DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin on patients423 and patients90 in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS: A total of 102 patients undergoing valvular heart surgery (from October 2010 to June 2011) were divided into DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin group (n = 52) and control group (n = 50). A dose of DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (0.3 g/kg) was administered to the patients intravenously when they were being re-warmed. At the same time, an equal volume of saline was given to the patients in the control group. patients423 rate was measured with the AggRAM four-way patients423 measurement instrument. The patients90 and transfusion, hemoglobin levels, PLT counts, and urine outputs at different time were recorded and compared. RESULTS: The postoperative patients90 in the first 6 h was significantly reduced in DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin group (202 119 ml vs. 258 143 ml, P = 0.023). The incidence of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion was decreased postoperatively in DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin group (3.8% vs. 12%, P = 0.015). There was no significant difference in the patients423 , urine volumes, red blood cell transfusions and patients90 after 24 h between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of DDAVP, 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin can reduce the first 6 h patients90 and FFP transfusion postoperatively in patients undergoing valvular heart surgery, but has no effect on patients423 .
| null |
2123_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX kallikrein 14: a new potential biomarker for @entity5344 .
human, patients, Human kallikrein gene 14, KLK14 ( kallikrein gene 14, KLK14 ) is a recently discovered member of the tissue kallikrein family of secreted cancers, best cancer, malignancies63 proteases, which includes human, patients, Human6914 / human, patients, Human486 , the cancers, best cancer, malignancies biomarker to date. Given that kallikrein gene 14, KLK14 is hormonally regulated, differentially expressed in endocrine-related cancers, best cancer, malignancies , and a prognostic marker for breast and ovarian cancer, breast and ovarian cancers at the mRNA level, we hypothesize that its encoded protein, hK14 , like human, patients, Human6914 / human, patients, Human486 , may constitute a new biomarker for endocrine-related cancers, best cancer, malignancies . The objective of this study was to generate immunological reagents for hK14 , to develop an ELISA and immunohistochemical techniques to study its expression in normal and cancerous tissues and biological fluids. Recombinant hK14 was produced in human, patients, Human0056 , purified by affinity chromatography, and injected into human, patients, Human9 and rabbits for polyclonal antibody generation. Using the human, patients, Human9 and rabbit antisera, a sandwich-type immunofluorometric ELISA and immunohistochemical methodologies were developed for hK14 . The ELISA was sensitive (detection limit of 0.1 micro g/liter), specific for hK14 , linear from 0 to 20 micro g/liter with between-run and within-run coefficients of variation of <10%. hK14 was quantified in human, patients, Human tissue extracts and biological fluids. Highest levels were observed in the breast, skin, prostate, seminal plasma, and amniotic fluid, with almost undetectable levels in normal serum. hK14 concentration was higher in 40% of ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal ovarian tissues. Serum hK14 levels were elevated in a proportion of human, patients, Human with ovarian (65%) and breast (40%) cancers, best cancer, malignancies . Immunohistochemical analyses indicated strong cytoplasmic staining of hK14 by the epithelial cells of normal and malignant skin, ovary, breast, and testis. In conclusion, we report the first ELISA and immunohistochemical assays for hK14 and describe its distribution in tissues and biological fluids. Our preliminary data indicate that hK14 is a potential biomarker for breast and ovarian cancer, breast and ovarian cancers .
| null |
76_biomrc
|
Title: Genotyping of XXXX @entity6467 3 Isolated from Shanxi Province in China by MLVA16 and HOOF.
BACKGROUND: brucellosis, Brucellosis presents a significant economic burden for China because it causes reproductive failure in host species and chronic health problems in humans, human . These problems can involve multiple organs. brucellosis, Brucellosis is highly endemic in Shanxi Province China. Molecular typing would be very useful to epidemiological surveillance. The purpose of this study was to assess the diversity of Brucella melitensis biovar, Brucella melitensis strains for epidemiological surveillance. Historical monitoring data suggest that Brucella melitensis biovar, Brucella melitensis 3 is the predominant strain associated with the epidemic of brucellosis, Brucellosis in Shanxi Province. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Multiple-locus variable-number repeat analysis (MLVA-16) and hypervariable octameric oligonucleotide fingerprinting (HOOF-print) were used to type a humans, human -hosted Brucella melitensis biovar, Brucella melitensis population (81 strains). Sixty-two MLVA genotypes (discriminatory index: 0.99) were detected, and they had a genetic similarity coefficient ranging from 84.9% to 100%. Eighty strains of the population belonged to the eastern Mediterranean group with panel 1 genotypes 42 (79 strains) and 43 (1 strain). A new panel 1 genotype was found in this study. It was named 114 MLVAorsay genotype and it showed similarity to the two isolates from Guangdong in a previous study. Brucella melitensis biovar, Brucella melitensis is distributed throughout Shanxi Province, and like samples from Inner Mongolia, the eastern Mediterranean genotype 42 was the main epidemic strain (97%). The HOOF-printing showed a higher diversity than MLVA-16 with a genetic similarity coefficient ranging from 56.8% to 100%. CONCLUSIONS: According to the MLVA-16 and HOOF-printing results, both methods could be used for the epidemiological surveillance of brucellosis, Brucellosis . A new genotype was found in both Shanxi and Guangdong Provinces. In areas with brucellosis, Brucellosis , the MLVA-16 scheme is very important for tracing cases back to their origins during outbreak investigations. It may facilitate the expansion and eradication of the disease.
| null |
4173_biomrc
|
Title: Preclinical evaluation and quantification of 18F-FPEB as a radioligand for PET imaging of the metabotropic XXXX receptor 5.
UNASSIGNED: The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 ( mGluR5 ) is a high interest target for PET imaging as it plays a role in several pathologies, including addiction, schizophrenia and fragile X syndrome . METHODS: We studied the pharmacokinetics of (18)F-FPEB , a selective PET radioligand for mGluR5 , and used it to quantify mGluR5 in rat brain. Quantification was performed using both arterial sampling in combination with compartment models as well as simplified reference methods. SRTM, MRTM0, and Logan Non-Invasive were tested as reference models with BPND as outcome parameter. Additionally, test-retest scans were performed in six animals. RESULTS: (18)F-FPEB uptake in rat brain was consistent with its known distribution. No radiometabolites were present in the brain and binding was specific as shown in blocking experiments, which also confirmed the cerebellum as a viable reference region. A two tissue compartment model was used to determine BPND for the striatum (11.7 1.5), nucleus accumbens (10.6 2.0), hippocampus (9.0 1.2), cortex (7.2 1.0) and thalamus (4.0 0.9). Reference methods were able to estimate these values with small bias (<2%). Test-retest analysis showed high repeatability between scans below 6 %, also for shorter scan durations of 30 and 60 min. CONCLUSION: Due to its favorable reversible kinetics, high specificity and absence of brain radiometabolites (18)F-FPEB proves a highly useful tracer for in vivo visualization of the mGluR5 in rat brain. Moreover, reference tissue models allow non-invasive, rapid scanning with good test-retest.
| null |
78_biomrc
|
Title: [Transient XXXX in magnetic resonance imaging].
This study was aimed at assessing the MR patterns of transient cancer72 and, consequently, the role of MRI in the diagnosis and follow-up of this condition. Even though this condition was originally observed in pregnant women, patients, woman, patient, men , young or middle-aged women, patients, woman, patient, men are most frequently affected. There is a spontaneous onset of women, patients, woman, patient, men58 , usually progressing over several weeks. The women, patients, woman, patient, men have no risk factors for avascular necrosis, osteonecrosis ; they may have a history of minor women, patients, woman, patient, men30 and there is a possible relationship to the third trimester of pregnancy. Laboratory values are negative. women, patients, woman, patient, men58 may be severe enough to cause the women, patients, woman, patient, men to limp and to impair joint function. The possible causes of transient women, patients, woman, patient, men70 have been debated by many authors and include women, patients, woman, patient, men30 , synovitis , cancer31 and transient or reversible ischemia . Transient women, patients, woman, patient, men70 is a self-limiting disease which does not require surgical treatment. The differential diagnosis of transient cancer72 is very important because this condition may simulate cancer , cancer414 , osteomyelitis or avascular necrosis, osteonecrosis . We report the initial and follow-up features of transient cancer72 on the MR images of 6 women, patients, woman, patient, men (M/F = 5/1; age: 37-49 years, mean: 41.8 years). The right side was involved in 3 women, patients, woman, patient, men , the left side in 2 women, patients, woman, patient, men . The women, patients, woman, patient, men with bilateral transient women, patients, woman, patient, men70 was a women, patients, woman, patient, men in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In all women, patients, woman, patient, men , MRI was performed with an 0.5 T MR unit. The MR changes in our 6 women, patients, woman, patient, men were rather uniform and included heterogeneous decrease in the signal intensity of the affected bone marrow on T1-weighted images and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted and STIR images, with no evidence of focal lesions. This pattern is known as the " bone marrow edema " (BME) pattern. All the women, patients, woman, patient, men received conservative treatment. The clinical symptoms and the MR abnormalities regressed completely within 6-10 months, with no late sequelae. To conclude, this follow-up MR study demonstrates the transient, reversible cancer72 . Until the natural history of the BME pattern is better understood, we suggest a conservative management of this condition, especially in the women, patients, woman, patient, men with no risk factors for avascular necrosis, osteonecrosis . Radiographic and MR follow-up is recommended.
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79_biomrc
|
Title: Two cases of concurrent development of @entity4407 with XXXX , one related to clonal B-cell @entity6113 , tested by array comparative genomic hybridization.
We present two cases of concurrent development of ET, essential thrombocythemia ( ET, essential thrombocythemia ) with patients, patient072 ( patients, patient072 ) and one related to clonal B-cell lymphocytosis ( myeloproliferative neoplasm, MPN315 ). Both patients, patient were referred for lymphocytosis and patients, patient148 . A bone marrow biopsy revealed infiltration of small, mature lymphocytes and patients, patient373 . Flow cytometric immunophenotyping and immunoglobulin (IG) gene clonality tests revealed clonal B lymphocytes. Both patients, patient were positive for the JAK2 V617F mutation in whole bone marrow aspirate. The JAK2 V617F mutation was present in isolated B lymphocytes of patients, patient 1, but not patients, patient 2. Cytogenetics were normal in both patients, patient . An array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses of B cells revealed a gain of 4q28.3, which is reported in patients, patient893 , in patients, patient 1, and deletion 22q11.22, which is associated with patients, patient072 , and a gain of Xp22.31 in patients, patient 2. In both patients, patient , B cells showed no myeloproliferative neoplasm, MPN ( myeloproliferative neoplasm, MPN )-specific genetic abnormalities . These results suggest that different oncogenic mechanisms in each cell lineage may underlie the concurrent development of ET, essential thrombocythemia and patients, patient072 (or myeloproliferative neoplasm, MPN315 ). Array CGH may be helpful in identifying the pathogenic mechanism in cases of concurrent development of lymphoid neoplasm and myeloproliferative neoplasm, MPN .
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2138_biomrc
|
Title: Achieving Benchmark Results for Neonatal Palliation of @entity1699 and XXXX in an Emerging Program.
BACKGROUND: Results of surgical management of patients, patient699 ( patients, patient699 ) and patients, patient54 are often compared to published benchmark data which reflect the use of a variety of surgical and hybrid protocols. We report encouraging results achieved in an emerging program, despite a learning curve at all care levels. Rather than relying on a single preferred protocol, surgical management was based on matching surgical strategy to individual patients, patient factors. METHODS: From 2010 to 2014, a total of 47 consecutive patients, patient with patients, patient699 or patients, patient54 with ductal-dependent systemic circulation underwent initial surgical palliation, including 30 Norwood stage I, 8 hybrid stage I, and 9 salvage-to-Norwood procedures. True hybrid procedures entailed bilateral pulmonary artery banding and ductal stenting. In the salvage-to-Norwood strategy, ductal stenting was withheld in favor of continued prostaglandin infusion in anticipation of a deferred Norwood procedure. Cardiac comorbidities (obstructed patients, patient700 , poor ventricular function, and atrioventricular valve regurgitation ) and noncardiac comorbidities influenced the choice of treatment strategies and were analyzed as potential risk factors for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support or in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: Overall hospital survival was 81% (Norwood 83.3%, hybrid 88%, "salvage" 67%; P = .4942). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support was used for eight (17%) patients, patient with two survivors. For cases with obstructed patients, patient700 (n = 10, 21%), management choices favored a hybrid or salvage strategy (P = .0026). Aortic atresia (n = 22, 47%) was treated by a Norwood or salvage-to-Norwood. No cardiac, noncardiac, or genetic comorbidities were identified as independent risk factors for ECMO or discharge mortality in a multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our emerging program achieved outcomes that compare favorably to published benchmark data with respect to hospital survival. These results reflect rigorous interdisciplinary teamwork and a flexible approach to surgical palliation based on matching surgical strategy to patients, patient factors. With major associated cardiac/noncardiac comorbidity and antegrade coronary flow, a true hybrid with ductal stenting was our preferred strategy. For high-risk situations such as aortic atresia with obstructed pulmonary venous return , the salvage hybrid-bridge-to-Norwood strategy may help achieve survival albeit with increased resource utilization.
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2139_biomrc
|
Title: Clinicopathologic Effect of XXXX Mutation in @entity11511 .
BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to determine the frequencies and clinicopathologic effect of a patients, PATIENTS5786 [DNA ( cytosine -5)-methyltransferase 3A] mutation in patients, PATIENTS with patients, PATIENTS1511 ( patients, PATIENTS1511 ). patients, PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 64 patients, PATIENTS with patients, PATIENTS1511 who had been admitted to Mansoura University Oncology Center were included in the present study. For all patients, PATIENTS , DNA extraction and amplification with sequencing analysis using the 310 ABI genetic analyzer for detection of a mutation ( R882H ). RESULTS: The patients, PATIENTS5786 mutation ( R882H ) was found in 12 of the 64 patients, PATIENTS (18.8%). The patients, PATIENTS5786 mutation was frequently detected in the older age group and was associated with high leukocytic counts, a high bone marrow blast cell percentage, and the frequent presence of extramedullary disease. However, it was not associated with the hemoglobin level, red blood cell count, or platelet count. The patients, PATIENTS with mutant patients, PATIENTS1511 had a low tendency to achieve remission after induction. These patients, PATIENTS had significantly shorter overall survival and shorter disease-free survival compared with those with wild-type patients, PATIENTS1511 (P = .037 and P = .006, respectively). CONCLUSION: patients, PATIENTS5786 is frequently mutated in patients, PATIENTS1511 and is associated with distinct clinicopathologic entities and a poor prognosis. These findings could help in risk stratification and treatment decisions for patients, PATIENTS with patients, PATIENTS1511 .
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