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2329_biomrc
|
Title: Role of XXXX and @entity34513 in @entity741 postconditioning.
BACKGROUND: Ischemic postconditioning (IPost) has aroused much attention since 2003 when it was firstly reported. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in IPost has rarely been reported. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether miRNAs were involved in the protective effect of IPost against myocardial IR injury, myocardial ischemia -reperfusion (IR) injury and the probable mechanisms involved. METHODS: Thirty SD rats weighing 250-300 g were equally randomized to three groups: Control group, where the rats were treated with thoracotomy only; IR group, where the rats were treated with ischemia for 60 min and reperfusion for 180 min; and IPost group, where the rats were treated with 3 cycles of transient IR just before reperfusion. The extent of myocardial infarction , LDH and CK activities were measured immediately after treatment. Myocardial apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. The myocardial tissue was collected after IR or IPost stimulation to evaluate the miRNAs expression level by miRNA-microarray and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Real-time PCR was conducted to identify changes in mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes such as Bcl-2 , Bax and Caspase-9, CASP9 ( Caspase-9, CASP9 ), and Western blot was used to compare the protein expression level of Caspase-9, CASP9 in the three groups. The miRNA mimics and anti-miRNA oligonucleotides (AMO) were transferred into the cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes and myocardium before they were treated with IR. The effect of miRNAs on apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Caspase-9, CASP9 , as one of the candidate target of miR-133a, MiR-133a , was compared during IR after the miR-133a, MiR-133a mimic or AMO-133a was transferred into the myocardium. RESULTS: IPost reduced the IR-induced infarct size of the left ventricle, and decreased CK and LDH levels. TUNEL assay showed that myocardial apoptosis was attenuated by IPost compared with IR. MiRNA-microarray and RT-PCR showed that myocardial-specific miR-1 and miR-133a, MiR-133a were down-regulated by IR, and up-regulated by IPost compared with IR. Furthermore, IPost up-regulated the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 , down-regulated that of Bax and Caspase-9, CASP9 . Western blot showed that IPost also down-regulated the Caspase-9, CASP9 protein expression compared with IR. The results of flow cytometry and TUNEL assay showed that up-regulation of miR-1 and miR-133a, MiR-133a decreased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. miR-133a, MiR-133a mimic down-regulated Caspase-9, CASP9 protein expression and attenuated IR-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION: MiRNAs are associated with the protective effect of IPost against myocardial IR injury, myocardial ischemia . IPost can up-regulate miR-1 and miR-133a, MiR-133a , and decrease apoptosis of cardiomyocyte. Myocardial-specific miR-1 and miR-133a, MiR-133a may play an important role in IPost protection by regulating apoptosis-related genes. miR-133a, MiR-133a may attenuate apoptosis of myocardiocytes by targeting Caspase-9, CASP9 .
| null |
4378_biomrc
|
Title: Comparison of the efficacy of @entity14294 5 mg and XXXX 5 mg in @entity14687 @entity1 .
BACKGROUND: Nonsedating H(1)-antihistamines are recommended for the treatment of patients, patient10 by the recent EAACI/GA(2)LEN/EDF guidelines. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy, after 4 weeks of treatment, with patients, patient4294 5 mg and patients, patient4295 5 mg, both once daily in the morning, in symptomatic patients, patient4687 ( patients, patient4687 ) patients, patient . METHODS: This multi-center, randomized, double-blind study involved 886 patients, patient (438 on patients, patient4294 and 448 on patients, patient4295 ). The primary objective was to compare their efficacy on the mean patients, patient11 severity score after 1 week of treatment. Mean patients, patient11 severity score over 4 weeks and patients, patient11 duration score, number and size of wheals, mean patients, patient4687 composite score (sum of the scores for patients, patient11 severity and numbers of wheals), quality of life, and the patients, patient 's and investigator's global satisfaction with treatment, were secondary efficacy measures. RESULTS: patients, patient4294 led to a significantly greater decrease in patients, patient11 severity than patients, patient4295 over the first treatment week; mean patients, patient11 severity scores of 1.02 and 1.18 for patients, patient4294 and patients, patient4295 , respectively (P < 0.001). The result was similar for the entire 4-week treatment period (P = 0.004). In addition, patients, patient4294 decreased patients, patient11 duration and the mean patients, patient4687 composite scores to a significantly greater extent than patients, patient4295 during the first week (P = 0.002 and 0.005, respectively) and over the entire study (P = 0.009 and P < 0.05, respectively). Similarly, patients, patient4294 increased the patients, patient ' global satisfaction after one and 4 weeks (P = 0.012 and 0.021, respectively), compared with patients, patient4295 . Safety and tolerability were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: patients, patient4294 5 mg was significantly more efficacious than patients, patient4295 5 mg in the treatment of patients, patient4687 symptoms.
| null |
4379_biomrc
|
Title: Angiotensin converting enzyme in XXXX brain visualized by quantitative in vitro autoradiography.
Angiotensin converting enzyme was localized in rat brain by quantitative in vitro autoradiography using an [125I]labelled converting enzyme inhibitor called "351A". This radioligand was found to bind with high affinity and specificity to angiotensin converting enzyme. Very high levels of converting enzyme were observed in the ventricular choroid plexus, ependyma of all ventricles and large and medium blood vessels, subfornical organ, and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis. High levels of converting enzyme were found in the basal ganglia including caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus, entopenduncular nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulata. The neurosecretory nuclei, paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus, as well as the median eminence and posterior pituitary displayed high levels of the enzyme. In the amygdala, basolateral, lateral, basomedial, medial and anterior cortical nuclei showed moderate converting enzyme activity. The medial habenula and molecular layer of the dentate gyrus showed high levels of activity. In the cerebellum, dense labelling was observed in the Purkinje cell layer. Moderate levels of converting enzyme occurred in the gelatinosus subnucleus of the caudal part of the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal. There was a close correspondence between the distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II in the neurosecretory nuclei (paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei) and median eminence and this suggests a role of angiotensin converting enzyme in the production of angiotensin II in this system. There was also a good correspondence between the distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme and angiotensin II in the subfornical organ, median preoptic nucleus, and organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, structures abutting the anterior wall of the third ventricle which are implicated in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. A striking discrepancy occurs in the basal ganglia which is reported to contain very little angiotensin II or angiotensin II receptors but is very rich in angiotensin converting enzyme. It is concluded that the enzyme may act to convert circulating angiotensin I to angiotensin II in circumventricular organs; generate intraneuronal angiotensin II in pathways such as the hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract; and process neuropeptides other than angiotensin II in regions such as basal ganglia.
| null |
283_biomrc
|
Title: Endovascular treatment of XXXX is associated with a low incidence of @entity1150 .
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to define the incidence of women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 ( women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 ) after endovascular treatment of women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men028 ( women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men028 ). Because aortic endograft placement requires prolonged femoral vessel instrumentation, it may be hypothesized that these women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men are at increased risk for development of an acute women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 . women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men (42 women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men , eight women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men ) ranging in age from 48 to 85 years (mean, 72 years) underwent endovascular treatment of an AAA from January 2000 to August 2001. Clinical examination and bilateral lower extremity duplex ultrasonography for women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 were performed on the first postoperative day and at the 1-month follow-up visit. No women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men had a prior women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 or identifiable hypercoagulable state. Seven women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men (14%) had concurrent malignant disease . Preoperative antiplatelet agents were administered in 26 women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men (52%), and nine (18%) were on women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men229 therapy before surgery. No new women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 prophylaxis was initiated perioperatively. Epidural anesthesia was used in 60% of the women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men , with general endotracheal anesthesia used in the remainder. Risk factors for women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 were evaluated with univariate statistical analysis. RESULTS: Three women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men (6%) had an women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 develop. Two occurred in the femoral veins, and one occurred in the popliteal vein. Of these women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men , one had been continued on perioperative anticoagulation therapy, and the remaining two were started on low-molecular weight heparin and women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men229 therapy on recognition of the women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 . One women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men had an intraoperative injury of the affected common femoral vein, and this individual was the only one to have clinical signs of a women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 . The mean follow-up period was 8 +/- 0.8 months. In this experience, factors that may have placed women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men at increased risk for an acute women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 were not identified. CONCLUSION: Six percent of women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men undergoing endovascular repair of women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men028 had postoperative women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 develop. These women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men had a number of risk factors for the development of a women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 ; however, no specific factor was identified that predisposed to women, patients, patient, PATIENTS, men150 .
| null |
285_biomrc
|
Title: @entity6 -related changes in @entity9484 -induced release of striatal biogenic XXXX .
In vivo voltammetry was used to measure the synaptic release of rat, rats striatal dopamine, Dopamine and serotonin after the administration of the amino acid L-tryptophan to streptozocin -induced diabetic, diabetes rat, rats . dopamine, Dopamine and serotonin release from rat, rats striatum was studied at a short-term or acute (3-day) interval and a long-term or chronic (3- to 7-wk) interval after the induction of diabetic, diabetes . The study was also done in age-, sex-, and food-matched controls. The findings show that L-tryptophan decreased dopamine, Dopamine release from rat, rats striatum in nondiabetic rat, rats . The decreased striatal dopamine, Dopamine release, after L-tryptophan administration, was exacerbated in acutely diabetic, diabetes rat, rats and further exacerbated in chronically diabetic, diabetes rat, rats . By contrast, rat, rats striatal serotonin release predictably increased after L-tryptophan injection in nondiabetic rat, rats . A further increased striatal serotonin release was seen in acutely diabetic, diabetes rat, rats . Chronically diabetic, diabetes rat, rats , however, responded to L-tryptophan with a dramatic and significant decrease in striatal serotonin release. The results show that in acutely diabetic, diabetes and normal rat, rats , L-tryptophan administration reduced striatal dopamine, Dopamine and increased striatal serotonin release, whereas in chronically diabetic, diabetes rat, rats , the release of both biogenic amines was decreased. The findings indicate that the progression of diabetic, diabetes is associated with an impaired ability to release primary neurotransmitter biogenic amines .
| null |
2334_biomrc
|
Title: Effects of @entity1732 , @entity2879 and XXXX treatment on Leydig cell structure and transcription of steroidogenic enzymes in @entity35 testis.
UNASSIGNED: Cytotoxic anticancer chemotherapy affects pituitary-testicular hormonal axis in humans and in animals. This study investigated the effects on Leydig cells of three cycles of humans732 , etoposide and cisplatin (0.75, 7.5, and 1.5mg/kg, respectively; humans2962 ) chemotherapy in rat testis. The chemotherapy has induced humans373 of and degenerative changes in Leydig cells at the end of humans2962 exposure, which remained so even after a recovery time of 63 days. The increased testicular oxidative stress at the end of the chemotherapy returned to normal level after the recovery time. The chemotherapy has stimulated the transcription of humans5090 ( humans5090 ), StAR, steroidogenic acute-regulatory protein ( StAR, steroidogenic acute-regulatory protein ), cytochrome P450 humans65 side-chain cleavage ( CYP11A1 ), CYP17A1 , and inhibited that of 17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ( HSD17B6 ) and humans8946 in association with increased humans65 and decreased testosterone levels. Even after the recovery time, the chemotherapy still had inhibitory effects on the transcription of all of the above genes in addition to luteinizing hormone receptor and HSD3B1 , but not on the StAR, steroidogenic acute-regulatory protein gene. The humans65 and testosterone levels also did not show any significant differences with the control group. The decreased testosterone level at the end of chemotherapy was probably due to inhibition of HSD3B1 and HSD17B6 genes. In conclusion, clinically relevant dose-levels and treatment protocols of humans2962 chemotherapy adversely affect Leydig cell function. The humans2962 chemotherapy inhibits the transcription of steroidogenic enzymes and that these effects sustain over an extended period of time without returning to normal levels.
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2335_biomrc
|
Title: Prevention of XXXX with @entity8673 in @entity1 with @entity1007 . West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group.
BACKGROUND: Lowering the blood men65 level may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease . This double-blind study was designed to determine whether the administration of Pravastatin, pravastatin to men with men007 and no history of myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction reduced the combined incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction and death from coronary heart disease . METHODS: We randomly assigned 6595 men , 45 to 64 years of age, with a mean (+/- SD) plasma men65 level of 272 +/- 23 mg per deciliter (7.0 +/- 0.6 mmol per liter) to receive Pravastatin, pravastatin (40 mg each evening) or placebo. The average follow-up period was 4.9 years. Medical records, electrocardiographic recordings, and the national death registry were used to determine the clinical end points. RESULTS: Pravastatin, pravastatin lowered plasma men65 levels by 20 percent and low-density-lipoprotein men65 levels by 26 percent, whereas there was no change with placebo. There were 248 definite coronary events (specified as nonfatal myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction or death from coronary heart disease ) in the placebo group, and 174 in the Pravastatin, pravastatin group (relative reduction in risk with Pravastatin, pravastatin , 31 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 17 to 43 percent; P < 0.001). There were similar reductions in the risk of definite nonfatal myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction (31 percent reduction, P < 0.001), death from coronary heart disease (definite cases alone: 28 percent reduction, P = 0.13; definite plus suspected cases: 33 percent reduction, P = 0.042), and death from all cardiovascular causes (32 percent reduction, P = 0.033). There was no excess of deaths from noncardiovascular causes in the Pravastatin, pravastatin group. We observed a 22 percent reduction in the risk of death from any cause in the Pravastatin, pravastatin group (95 percent confidence interval, 0 to 40 percent; P = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with Pravastatin, pravastatin significantly reduced the incidence of myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes without adversely affecting the risk of death from noncardiovascular causes in men with moderate men007 and no history of myocardial infarctions, myocardial infarction .
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4383_biomrc
|
Title: Intravenous XXXX for the treatment of @entity955 and @entity5069 after cardiopulmonary bypass. Comparison with @entity7306 and digoxin in a randomised trial.
The efficacy of Sotalol, sotalol in treating acute atrial fibrillation and flutter after open heart surgery was compared with that of a digoxin/ disopyramide combination. Forty adult patients with postoperative atrial arrhythmias were randomised into either group 1 ( Sotalol, sotalol 1 mg/kg bolus intravenously plus 0.2 mg/kg intravenously over 12 hours) or group 2 (digoxin 0.75 mg intravenously, then two hours later disopyramide 2 mg/kg intravenous bolus and 0.4 mg/kg/h intravenously for 10 hours). In each group, 17 out of 20 patients reverted to sinus or junctional rhythm within 12 hours. The time to reversion in group 1 was significantly shorter than in group 2. Systolic blood pressure fell by greater than or equal to 20 mm Hg or to less than or equal to 90 mm Hg during drug administration in 17 out of 20 patients in group 1 ( Sotalol, sotalol withdrawn in two) and in none out of 20 in group 2. Two patients in group 1 developed transient patients168 ( Sotalol, sotalol withdrawn in one). None of 17 patients in group 1 and two of 17 in group 2 relapsed temporarily into atrial fibrillation during the 12 hours of intravenous treatment. On continued oral treatment, one late relapse occurred in group 1 and five in group 2, and five patients in group 2 had disopyramide withdrawn because of anticholinergic side effects (acute urinary retention in four). Sotalol, sotalol was as effective as the digoxin/ disopyramide combination and acted significantly faster. Sensitivity to beta blockade in these patients may be related to high plasma catecholamine concentrations known to occur after cardiopulmonary bypass.
| null |
4388_biomrc
|
Title: Place of @entity204 of Houston area residents with XXXX over a two-year period.
The majority of cancer, palliative cancer patients, patient wish to die at home. Improved understanding of place of death and its relevant demographic predictors is important for the planning of cancer, palliative cancer care programs. The purpose of this study was to determine the place and predictors of site of death in cancer, palliative cancer patients, patient in a major U.S. metropolitan area. Death certificate data over two years were analyzed for Houston area residents with cancer, palliative cancer who died in the Houston area. Information was obtained on factors that might be associated with the place where cancer, palliative cancer patients, patient die. For the purpose of this study, we looked at the following variables: primary site of cancer, palliative cancer (hematological, breast, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, lung, and other); black, white, Hispanic, or Asian; age at death ; marital status; sex; whether or not veteran of U.S. armed forces; levels of education; and area of residency within the Houston area. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. The majority of patients, patient died in the hospital (51-52% both years), with the next most frequently occurring group dying at home (34-35% both years). Stepwise multivariate analysis resulted in a 6-variable logistic regression model. In this model, the odds of dying in hospital were increased by a factor of 2.7 if the patients, patient had a hematological cancer, palliative cancer (P<0.0001), a factor of 1.6 if the patients, patient lived in Harris County (P<0.0001), and a factor of 1.5 if the patients, patient was black (P<0.0001). Further characterization of factors associated with increased risk of hospital death rate is needed and systems should be developed to enable the majority of cancer, palliative cancer patients, patient to access palliative care services in the multiple settings in which they die.
| null |
4390_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX and pneumothorax are risk factors for mortality in persistent pulmonary @entity101 of the newborn in Thai neonates.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, treatment modalities, and complications, and identify the mortality risk factors, of infants with short-term persistent pulmonary infants01 of the newborn (PPHN). METHODS: The clinical data of infants diagnosed with PPHN at Hat Yai Hospital from January 2010 to February 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess factors associated with mortality. RESULTS: The records of 119 infants were analyzed. Of these, 47 died giving an in-hospital mortality rate of 39.5%. The prevalence of PPHN (based on inborn births) was 2.8 per 1000 live births. The mean gestational age and birth weight were 39.1 1.6 weeks and 3044 563 g, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that pneumothorax [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.07 (95% CI 1.09-3.93)] and acute kidney injury [adjusted HR = 2.99 (95% CI 1.59-5.61)] were factors associated independently with an increased risk for death , while infants who received total parenteral nutrition [adjusted HR = 0.22 (95% CI 0.10-0.50)] had lower mortality. CONCLUSION: A high mortality rate of PPHN was observed in this study. Significantly higher mortality was noted in infants complicated with pneumothorax and acute kidney injury .
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4392_biomrc
|
Title: Smartphone Application for the Analysis of Prosodic Features in Running Speech with a Focus on XXXX : System Performance Evaluation and Case Study.
UNASSIGNED: patients, patient62 is one of the most common patients, patient316 characterized by large and invalidating mood swings. Several projects focus on the development of decision support systems that monitor and advise patients, patient , as well as clinicians. Voice monitoring and speech signal analysis can be exploited to reach this goal. In this study, an Android application was designed for analyzing running speech using a smartphone device. The application can record audio samples and estimate speech fundamental frequency, F0, and its changes. F0-related features are estimated locally on the smartphone, with some advantages with respect to remote processing approaches in terms of privacy protection and reduced upload costs. The raw features can be sent to a central server and further processed. The quality of the audio recordings, algorithm reliability and performance of the overall system were evaluated in terms of voiced segment detection and features estimation. The results demonstrate that mean F0 from each voiced segment can be reliably estimated, thus describing prosodic features across the speech sample. Instead, features related to F0 variability within each voiced segment performed poorly. A case study performed on a patients, patient62 patients, patient is presented.
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297_biomrc
|
Title: Clinical efficacy of the RIT 4237 live attenuated @entity291 rotavirus vaccine in @entity1 vaccinated before a rotavirus XXXX .
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 331 human, patients, infants aged 6 to 12 months received orally, at an interval of 1 month, either two doses of live attenuated bovine rotavirus vaccine strain RIT 4237 or equivalent placebo. The vaccinations were carried out during September to November, a non-rotavirus season; only three cases of rotavirus diarrhea occurred in the study group before the vaccinations were completed. During the epidemic season from December to May, 31 human, patients, infants with clinically significant rotavirus diarrhea required therapy. Five of these were among the 168 vaccine recipients, and 26 among the 160 placebo recipients (P less than 0.001), giving a vaccine protection rate of 82%. The incidence of clinically significant diarrhea from all causes was reduced by 76% in the vaccinees. As determined by an enzyme immunoassay antibody test with homologous virus antigen, seroconversion after vaccination was obtained in 53% of the initially seronegative human, patients, infants . Clinical protection correlated well with seroconversion, but the vaccinees who failed to seroconvert also had less rotavirus diarrhea than the placebo recipients, suggesting that immunity may be mediated by factors other than serum EIA antibody. Seventeen of the 23 rotavirus isolates in the epidemic season that were typed were of serotype 1, two were of serotype 2, and four were of serotype 3. The protection rates against clinically significant diarrhea were 72%, 100%, and 100% for serotypes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. We conclude that human, patients, infants8330 associated with human, patients, infants rotaviruses can be significantly reduced by vaccination with the live attenuated RIT 4237 bovine rotavirus vaccine before the epidemic season.
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2346_biomrc
|
Title: High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Reduces XXXX in @entity14000 .
OBJECTIVES: patients, patient4000 ( patients, patient4000 ) is one of the most intractable pain disorders , especially in elderly patients, patient . There is evidence that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces neuropathic pain ; however, its effectiveness for patients, patient4000 is unknown. This study investigated the efficacy of high-frequency rTMS in patients, patient with patients, patient4000 . DESIGN: A total of 40 patients, patient were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of real or sham rTMS of the primary motor cortex. Each stimulation session consisted of a series of 300 five-second pulses with a frequency of 10 Hz and an interval of 3 seconds between each train, giving a total of 1500 pulses per session. The primary outcome was patients, patient58 intensity measured before stimulation from first intervention (T0) to the final stimulation (T10), and 1 and 3 months after final stimulation (T11 and T12). Other outcomes measured included scores on the short form patients, patient58 questionnaire, self-rating depression scale, quality of life (QOL), sleep quality, the patients, patient global impression of change, medication regulation, and reported adverse events. RESULTS: The real rTMS group demonstrated greater reduction of visual analogue scale (VAS) than the sham group at each time point except for T0 (P = 0.399) and T1 (P = 0.091). Mean VAS reduction in the real rTMS group was 16.89% for duration of disease longer than 6 months. These analgesic effects were associated with long-term improvement in rating-scale items related to QOL. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that rTMS is an effective and safe therapy in patients, patient with patients, patient4000 .
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4395_biomrc
|
Title: Biomimetic scaffolds for regeneration of volumetric muscle loss in skeletal XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Skeletal muscle injuries typically result from traumatic incidents such as different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma where soft-tissue extremity different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma are present in one of four cases. Further, about 4.5 million reconstructive surgical procedures are performed annually as a result of car accidents, cancer ablation, or cosmetic procedures. These combat- and different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma -induced skeletal muscle injuries are characterized by volumetric muscle loss (VML), which significantly reduces the functionality of the injured muscle. While skeletal muscle has an innate repair mechanism, it is unable to compensate for VML different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma because large amounts of tissue including connective tissue and basement membrane are removed or destroyed. This results in a significant need to develop off-the-shelf biomimetic scaffolds to direct skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, the structure and organization of native skeletal muscle tissue is described in order to reveal clear design parameters that are necessary for scaffolds to mimic in order to successfully regenerate muscular tissue. We review the literature with respect to the materials and methodologies used to develop scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration as well as the limitations of these materials. We further discuss the variety of cell sources and different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma models to provide some context for the multiple approaches used to evaluate these scaffold materials. Recent findings are highlighted to address the state of the field and directions are outlined for future strategies, both in scaffold design and in the use of different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma models to evaluate these materials, for regenerating functional skeletal muscle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Volumetric muscle loss (VML) different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma result from traumatic incidents such as those presented from combat missions, where soft-tissue extremity different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma are represented in one of four cases. These different injury, injuries, combat injuries, trauma remove or destroy large amounts of skeletal muscle including the basement membrane and connective tissue, removing the structural, mechanical, and biochemical cues that usually direct its repair. This results in a significant need to develop off-the-shelf biomimetic scaffolds to direct skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we examine current strategies for the development of scaffold materials designed for skeletal muscle regeneration, highlighting advances and limitations associated with these methodologies. Finally, we identify future approaches to enhance skeletal muscle regeneration.
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300_biomrc
|
Title: Percutaneous management of XXXX after upper gastrointestinal surgery.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the benefit of percutaneous interventional management of patients, patient with postoperative patients, patient157 on clinical outcome. Primary study endpoints were closure of the patients, patient157 and duration of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) treatment. Secondary study endpoints were necessity of additional CT-guided drainage catheter placement, course of serum CRP level as parameter for inflammation, reduction of inflammation , and patients, patient ' survival. METHODS: Between January 2004 and April 2008, all patients, patient who underwent PTBD placement after upper gastrointestinal surgery were analyzed regarding site of patients, patient157 and previous attempt of operative patients, patient157 repair, interval between initial surgery and PTBD placement, procedural interventional management, course of inflammation, reduction of inflammation parameters, duration of PTBD therapy, PTBD-related complications, and patients, patient ' survival. RESULTS: Thirty patients, patient underwent PTBD placement for treatment of postoperative bile leaks . In 12 patients, patient (40%), PTBD was performed secondary to a surgical attempt of patients, patient157 repair. Additional percutaneous drainage of bilomas was performed in 14 patients, patient (47%). CRP serum level decreased from 138.1 73.4 mg/l before PTBD placement to 43.5 33.4 mg/l 30 days after PTBD placement. The mean duration of patients, patient4063 treatment was 55.2 32.5 days in the surviving patients, patient . In one patients, patient , a delayed stenosis of the bile duct required balloon dilation . Two PTBD-related complications ( portobiliary fistula , hepatic artery aneurysm ) occurred, which were successfully treated by embolization. Overall survival was 73% (22 patients, patient ). CONCLUSIONS: PTBD treatment is an effective therapy. PTBD treatment and additional CT-guided drainage of bilomas helped to reduce intraabdominal inflammation, reduction of inflammation , as shown by inflammation, reduction of inflammation parameters.
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4394_biomrc
|
Title: Preclinical development of highly effective and safe DNA vaccines directed against XXXX E6 and E7.
To allow vaccination irrespective of HLA type, DNA vaccines encoding full-length antigens are required. However, here, we demonstrate that the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines encoding the full-length human papillomavirus (HPV ) type 16 E7 and E6 proteins is highly reduced compared to vaccines encoding only the immunodominant epitope. Furthermore, the low remaining immunogenicity is essentially lost for both E7 and E6 when a nononcogenic "gene-shuffled" variant is utilized. To address these issues, we tested whether alterations in transgene design can restore the immunogenicity of full-length and gene-shuffled DNA vaccines. Remarkably, genetic fusion of E7 with tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC) resulted in a dramatic increase in immunogenicity both for the full-length and the gene-shuffled version of E7. Moreover, the TTFC fusion vaccines were more immunogenic than a vaccine encoding a fusion of E7 and mycobacterial heat shock protein-70, which has recently been tested in a clinical trial. Interestingly, vaccination with these TTFC fusion vaccines also resulted in extremely persistent T-cell responses. The E7-specific CD8(+) T cells induced by TTFC fusion vaccines were functional in terms of IFN-y production, formation of immunological memory, in vivo cytolytic activity and tumor eradication. Finally, we show that genetic fusion with TTFC also improves the immunogenicity of a gene-shuffled E6 DNA vaccine. These data demonstrate that genetic fusion with tetanus toxin fragment C can dramatically improve the immunogenicity of full-length and gene-shuffled DNA vaccines. The DNA fusion vaccines developed here will be evaluated for the treatment of HPV-positive carcinomas in future studies.
| null |
2350_biomrc
|
Title: Association of @entity23353 gene promoter region XXXX with risk of @entity64 in Han Chinese.
BACKGROUND: ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke is a suddenly developing temporary or often permanent damage of the brain . Several candidate genes have been shown to have an impact in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke . Recently, the -1131T>C polymorphism in APOA5, apolipoprotein A5 ( APOA5, apolipoprotein A5 ) gene has been reported to be associated with ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke in different racial groups, but no data is available currently in Han Chinese. Our study is to investigate the association between the APOA5, apolipoprotein A5 gene polymorphism -1131T>C and the susceptibility to ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke in Han Chinese. METHODS: 310 controls and 342 patients with classified ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke were performed to detect the -1131T>C alleles genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in independent case-control study. RESULTS: TG levels of subjects carrying -1131C allele were elevated compared to the subjects with -1131T allele in all ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke subgroups and in controls. The serum TC, LDL-C and HDL-C levels did not differ between subjects with T or C alleles in each group. The overall distribution of APOA5, apolipoprotein A5 -1131T>C genotype among stroke patients and controls was significantly different (P<0.01). Frequencies of CC homozygote and C allele were significantly higher in all stroke subgroups than those in control group. After adjustment for conventional risk factors, logistic regression analysis showed that C allele carrier (CC+CT) of -1131T>C was an independent risk factor for all stroke subgroups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: APOA5, apolipoprotein A5 gene -1131T>C polymorphism is independently associated with the development of ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population, and CC homozygote may have a promoting effect on ischemic stroke, Ischemic stroke .
| null |
303_biomrc
|
Title: Intensity-modulated salvage radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost for local recurrence of XXXX : a pilot study on the place of PET- @entity1877 for guiding target volume delineation.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the first cases of salvage radiotherapy (RT) using the intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) targeted on patients, patient877 positron emission tomography (PET) uptake in a local recurrent prostate cancer , after a radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Four patients, patient received salvage irradiation for biochemical relapse that occurred after the initial radical prostatectomy. The relapse occurred from 10 months to 6 years with PSA levels ranging from 2.35 to 4.86 ng ml(-1). For each patients, patient , an (18)F-choline PET-CT showed a focal patients, patient877 uptake in prostatic fossa, with standardized uptake value calculated on the basis of predicted lean body mass (SUL) max of 3.3-6.8. No involved lymph node or distant metastases were diagnosed. IMRT doses were of 62.7 Gy (1.9 Gy/fraction, 33 fractions), with a SIB of 69.3 Gy (2.1 Gy/fraction, 33 fractions) to a PET-guided target volume. RESULTS: Acute patients, patient37 were limited. We observed no gastrointestinal toxicity >= grade 2 and only one grade 2 genitourinary patients, patient37 . At 1-month follow-up evaluation, no complication and a decrease in PSA level (6.8-43.8% of the pre-therapeutic level) were reported. After 4 months, a decrease in PSA level was obtained for all the patients, patient , ranging from 30% to 70%. At a median follow-up of 15 months, PSA level was controlled for all the patients, patient , but one of them experienced a distant lymph node recurrence. CONCLUSION: Salvage irradiation to the prostate bed with SIB guided by PET-CT is feasible, with biological efficacy and no major acute patients, patient37 . Advances in knowledge: IMRT with PET-oriented SIB for salvage treatment of prostate cancer is possible, without major acute patients, patient37 .
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4398_biomrc
|
Title: Percutaneous drainage versus emergency cholecystectomy for the treatment of acute XXXX in critically ill @entity1 : does it matter?
BACKGROUND: The aim if this study was to compare percutaneous drainage, PD ( percutaneous drainage, PD ) of the gallbladder to emergency cholecystectomy (EC) in a well-defined Patients, patients, patient group with sepsis related to acute calculous/ acalculous cholecystitis (ACC/AAC). METHODS: Between 2001 and 2007, all consecutive Patients, patients, patient of our ICU treated by either percutaneous drainage, PD or EC were retrospectively analyzed. Cases were collected from a prospective database. Percutaneous drainage was performed by a transhepatic route and EC by open or laparoscopic approach. Patients, patients, patient ' general condition and organ dysfunction were assessed by two validated scoring systems (SAPS II and SOFA, respectively). Morbidity, mortality, and long-term outcome were systematically reviewed and analyzed in both groups. RESULTS: Forty-two Patients, patients, patient [median age = 65.5 years (range = 32-94)] were included; 45% underwent EC (ten laparoscopic, nine open) and 55% percutaneous drainage, PD (n = 23). Both Patients, patients, patient groups had similar preoperative characteristics. Percutaneous drainage and EC were successful in 91 and 100% of Patients, patients, patient , respectively. Organ dysfunctions were similarly improved by the third postoperative/postdrainage days. Despite undergoing percutaneous drainage, PD , two Patients, patients, patient required EC due to gangrenous cholecystitis, calculous cholecystitis . The conversion rate after laparoscopy was 20%. Overall morbidity was 8.7% after percutaneous drainage, PD and 47% after EC (P = 0.011). Major morbidity was 0% after percutaneous drainage, PD and 21% after EC (P = 0.034). The mortality rate was not different (13% after percutaneous drainage, PD and 16% after EC, P = 1.0) and the deaths were all related to the Patients, patients, patient ' preexisting disease. Hospital and ICU stays were not different. Recurrent symptoms (17%) occurred only after ACC in the percutaneous drainage, PD group. CONCLUSIONS: In high-risk Patients, patients, patient , percutaneous drainage, PD and EC are both efficient in the resolution of Patients, patients, patient4784 . However, EC is associated with a higher procedure-related morbidity and the laparoscopic approach is not always possible. Percutaneous drainage represents a valuable intervention, but secondary cholecystectomy is mandatory in cases of acute gangrenous cholecystitis, calculous cholecystitis .
| null |
4401_biomrc
|
Title: Binding of a major secretory protein from bull seminal vesicles to XXXX spermatozoa.
The seminal vesicles synthesize in an androgen -dependent manner a neutral protein of 13.5 kDa molecular weight that makes up about 40% of their secretion ("major protein"). An antiserum against this protein raised in rabbits was used to localize the antigen within the seminal vesicles. In addition to intraluminal secretion of the seminal vesicles and the ampulla of the vas deferens, ejaculated and ampullary spermatozoa revealed an intense immunoreaction, which was restricted to the neck region of the sperm head and the middle piece, while the principal piece of the tail as well as the sperm head were devoid of immunoreactive material. Comparison of spermatozoa taken from the tail of the epididymis with ampullary spermatozoa showed that about 90% of the latter, but only 10-20% of the former presented this distributional pattern of immunoreactive sites. Epididymal epithelium as well as calf seminal vesicle epithelium showed no immunoreactivity with major protein antiserum. Using a pre-embedding staining technique with gold-labeled primary or secondary antibodies, respectively, no immunostaining could be achieved at the ultrastructural level. Incubation experiments of epididymal spermatozoa in EGTA -containing solutions in the absence of calcium resulted in a gradual labilization and eventual loss of the plasma membrane of the sperm middle piece. After removal of (at least part of) the plasma membrane, bound major protein could be visualized immunohistochemically close to the mitochondria of the middle piece using a gold-labeled primary or secondary antibody. The acceptor site for major protein therefore seems to reside inside the plasma membrane of the sperm middle piece.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
305_biomrc
|
Title: OS041. XXXX protects normal integration of the trophoblast into endothelial cellular networks in an in vitro model of @entity1468 .
INTRODUCTION: Failure of the trophoblast to appropriately invade uterine spiral arteries is thought to be an initiating event in human468 , a disorder associated with endothelial dysfunction . A dyslipidemia characterised by low plasma levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL) and elevated human674 has also been described in human468 . The pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a inhibits trophoblast invasion of uterine endothelial cells. Previous work using an in vitro JEG-3 cell/Uterine endothelial cell co-culture model investigated the effect of apoliopoprotein A-I, the main apolipoprotein component of HDL, on trophoblast incorporation into endothelial tubules in the presence and absence of TNF-a . These effects are now investigated using the human invasive trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. OBJECTIVES: This study asks if human675 , which has established anti-inflammatory properties, can protect against the deleterious effect of TNF-a on trophoblast-endothelial cell interactions. METHODS: The in vitro trophoblast-uterine endothelial cell co-culture model was used to investigate the effect of human675 on trophoblast incorporation into endothelial tubules in the presence and absence of TNF-a . Uterine endothelial cells were pre-incubated with lipid free human675 (final human675 concentration 1 mg/mL) for 16h prior to seeding on matrigel coated plates. Tubules formed within 4h. Fluorescence-labelled HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells were then co-cultured with the endothelial cells TNF-a (final concentration of 0.2ng/mL). Bright field and fluorescent images were captured after 24h. The effect of TNF-a on HTR-8/SVneo cell invasion was quantified with Image J software. Integration of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells into uterine endothelial tubular networks was also imaged using live cell imaging techniques (Zeiss Axiovert). RESULTS: TNF-a inhibited HTR-8/SVneo (trophoblast) cell integration into endothelial tubular structures by 24.1 3.7% p<0.001. This effect was reversed when the endothelial cells were pre-incubated for 16h with lipid free human675 (p<0.001 compared to non-incubated cells). Live cell images of the co-culture clearly demonstrate a disruption to the normal integration of trophoblast into endothelial tubular structures in the presence of TNF-a . The protective effect conferred by pre-incubation of endothelial cells with human675 against TNF-a is also clearly visible. CONCLUSION: human675 has been shown to enhance trophoblast-endothelial cell integration in the presence of a pro-inflammatory stimulus. A healthy lipid profile may affect pregnancy outcomes by priming endothelial cells in preparation for trophoblast invasion.
| null |
2354_biomrc
|
Title: Fistulotomy and drainage of deep postanal space abscess in the treatment of posterior horseshoe XXXX .
BACKGROUND: Posterior horseshoe fistula with deep postanal space abscess is a complex disease. Most women, patients, men have a history of anorectal abscess drainage or surgery for fistula -in-ano. METHODS: Twenty-five women, patients, men who underwent surgery for posterior horseshoe fistula with deep postanal space abscess were analyzed retrospectively with respect to age, gender, previous surgery for fistula -in-ano, number of external openings, diagnostic studies, concordance between preoperative studies and operative findings for the extent of disease, operating time, healing time, complications, and recurrence. RESULTS: There were 22 (88%) women, patients, men and 3 (12%) women, patients, men with a median age of 37 (range, 25-58) years. The median duration of disease was 13 (range, 3-96) months. There was one external opening in 12 (48%) women, patients, men , 2 in 8 (32%), 3 in 4 (16%), and 4 in 1 (4%). Preoperative diagnosis of horseshoe fistula was made by contrast fistulography in 4 (16%) women, patients, men , by ultrasound in 3 (12%), by magnetic resonance imaging in 6 (24%), and by physical examination only in the remainder (48%). The mean +/- SD operating time was 47 +/- 10 min. The mean +/- SD healing time was 12 +/- 3 weeks. Three of the 25 women, patients, men (12%) had diabetes mellitus type II . Nineteen (76%) women, patients, men had undergone previous surgery for fistula -in-ano, while five (20%) had only perianal abscess drainage. Neither morbidity nor mortality developed. All women, patients, men were followed up for a median of 35 (range, 6-78) months and no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Fistulotomy of the tracts along the arms of horseshoe fistula and drainage of the deep postanal space abscess with posterior midline incision that severs both the lower edge of the internal sphincter and the subcutaneous external sphincter and divides the superficial external sphincter into halves gives excellent results with no recurrence. When it is necessary, severing the halves of the superficial external sphincter unilaterally or even bilaterally in the same session does not result in anal incontinence . Close follow-up of women, patients, men until the wounds completely healed is essential in the prevention of premature wound closure and recurrence.
| null |
2356_biomrc
|
Title: Comparison of different types of stationary phases for the analysis of soy XXXX by HPLC.
Nowadays, there are new technologies in high-performance liquid chromatography columns available enabling faster and more efficient separations. In this work, we compared three different types of columns for the analysis of main soy isoflavones . The evaluated columns were a conventional reverse phase particle column, a fused-core particle column, and a monolithic column. The comparison was in terms of chromatographic parameters such as resolution, asymmetry, number of theoretical plates, variability of retention time, and peak width. The lower column pressure was provided by the monolithic column, although lower chromatographic performance was achieved. Conventional and fused-core particle columns presented similar pressure. Results also indicate that direct transfer between particle and monolithic columns is not possible requiring adjustment of conditions and a different method optimization strategy. The best chromatographic performance and separation speed were observed for the fused-core particle column. Also, the effect of sample solvent on the separation and peak shape was evaluated and indicated that monolithic column is the most affected especially when using higher concentrations of acetonitrile or ethanol . Sample solvent that showed the lowest effect on the chromatographic performance of the columns was methanol . Overall evaluation of methanol and acetonitrile as mobile phase for the separation of isoflavones indicated higher chromatographic performance of acetonitrile , although methanol may be an attractive alternative. Using acetonitrile as mobile phase resulted in faster, higher resolution, narrower, and more symmetric peaks than methanol with all columns. It also generated the lower column pressure and flatter pressure profile due to mobile phase changes, and therefore, it presents a higher potential to be explored for the development of faster separation methods.
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4404_biomrc
|
Title: @entity3009 -independent protection by @entity1483 from oliguric XXXX in conscious @entity35 .
In 38 conscious rats divided into seven groups, acute unilateral oliguric renal failure, ischemic renal failure was induced by 1 hour of renal artery occlusion, complete occlusion of the left renal artery while the contralateral kidney remained intact. Renal excretory function of the left kidney was monitored up to 144 hours after ischemia, ischemic and revealed a typical course of oliguric renal failure, ischemic renal failure with oligoanuria persisting for more than 48 hours. Urinary osmolality and sodium concentration became plasma isotonic after release of renal artery occlusion, complete occlusion of the left renal artery and approximated control values on day 6 after ischemia, ischemic . In nine rats , the i.v. infusion of furosemide before (6 microgram/min/100 g body wt) and after (12 microgram/min/100 g body wt) renal artery occlusion, complete occlusion of the left renal artery protected the ischemia, ischemic kidney from oligoanuria with endogenous creatinine clearance of 0.42 +/- 0.11 ml/min/g kidney wt 5 hours after ischemia, ischemic . Tubular absorption of sodium and water was at least partially preserved 36 hours after ischemia, ischemic when infusion of furosemide was stopped. The loop diuretic significantly (P less than 0.01) increased total urinary prostaglandin (PG) E2 excretion before and after renal artery occlusion, complete occlusion of the left renal artery ; and 5 hours after ischemia, ischemic , PGE2 excretion from the ischemia, ischemic kidney significantly exceeded that from the intact kidney (P less than 0.05). Indomethacin (1 mg/100 g body wt) administered in six animals markedly suppressed control PGE2 excretion (P less than 0.05) as well as the furosemide -induced rise in urinary PG excretion before and after ischemia, ischemic but did not modify the protective effect of the diuretic in this experimental model. Inhibition of PG synthesis, however, reduced urinary flow rate and sodium and potassium excretion of the contralateral intact kidney and almost completely prevented its compensatory rise in creatinine clearance. The results indicate that mechanisms other than the intrarenal prostaglandin system must be considered to mediate the protective effects of furosemide in acute oliguric renal failure, ischemic renal failure .
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4406_biomrc
|
Title: Multidrug resistance proteins in XXXX and @entity302 .
tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by seizures that are refractory to medication in severely affected individuals. The mechanism involved in drug resistance in tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers is unknown. The proteins patients262 (multidrug resistance) and patients1092 ) are linked to chemotherapy resistance in tumor cells. However, the relationship between refractoriness to antiepileptic drugs and patients262 or patients1092 brain expression has been poorly studied. We have previously described a case of tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers with refractory epilepsy that expressed multidrug resistance gene ( patients262 ) in tuber cells from epileptogenic brain lesion . In this retrospective study, we describe the expression of patients262 and patients1092 in the tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers of three pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers and refractory epilepsy surgically treated. Monoclonal antibodies for patients262 and patients1092 proteins were used for immunohistochemistry. In epileptogenic cortical tuber brain specimens, patients262 and patients1092 proteins were strongly immunoreactive in abnormal balloon cells, dysplastic neurons, astrocytes, microglial cells, and some blood-brain vessels. A more extensive patients262 immunoreactivity was observed. These data suggest that refractory epilepsy phenotype in tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers can be associated with the expression of both multidrug resistance patients262 and patients1092 transporters in tuberous sclerosis, Tuberous sclerosis, epileptogenic cortical tubers .
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4407_biomrc
|
Title: Fibrinolytic therapy of St. Jude valve XXXX under guidance of digital cinefluoroscopy.
Fibrinolytic therapy is an alternative to urgent reoperation for woman, patients, patient with St. Jude prosthetic valve thrombosis , but requires an accurate method for repeated assessment of prosthetic function. Since the St. Jude valve is not well visualized by conventional cinefluoroscopy, digital subtraction techniques were developed that improved visualization of the value and allowed assessment of leaflet separation and velocity. A 74 year old woman, patients, patient with prosthetic valve thrombosis 5 years after St. Jude aortic valve placement had an opening angle of 58 degrees (normal range 10 to 13; n = 8) with a maximal opening velocity of 1.37 degrees/ms (normal range 2.46 to 2.93). The closing angle was 125 degrees (normal range 120 to 127) with a maximal closing velocity of 1.38 degrees/ms (normal range 2.24 to 3.60). The woman, patients, patient received 250,000 U of streptokinase intravenously, then 100,000 U/h for 72 hours. Improvement in auscultatory findings occurred at 12 hours; repeat digital cinefluoroscopy showed an opening angle of 20 degrees with a maximal velocity of 2.77 degrees/ms, and a closing angle of 126 degrees with a maximal velocity of 1.91 degrees/ms. Digital cinefluoroscopy 4 weeks after discharge on woman, patients, patient229 and dipyridamole therapy was unchanged. There have been no woman, patients, patient031 after 6 months of follow-up. Thus, digital cinefluoroscopy is a new noninvasive technique that permits accurate measurement of normal and abnormal St. Jude leaflet function. Intravenous streptokinase dissolution of prosthetic valve thrombosis under digital cinefluoroscopic guidance may be an acceptable alternative to emergency reoperation. The frequency and significance of residual subclinical leaflet dysfunction after fibrinolytic therapy and the indications for elective reoperation require further evaluation.
| null |
2360_biomrc
|
Title: @entity703 . The seventh sickle cell XXXX .
Over the last 22 years, we have encountered 34 examples of a highly aggressive tumor, neoplasm, tumors with a microscopic morphology that is highly predictive of finding sickled erythrocytes in the tissue. With the exception of one women, patients, patient, men , all are believed to have had sickle cell trait or, in one case, women, patients, patient, men3654 . These 33 women, patients, patient, men are the subject of this report and, where their race was known, they were all blacks between the ages of 11 and 39 years. Between the ages of 11 and 24 years, males predominated by 3 to 1. Beyond age 24, however, the tumor, neoplasm, tumors occurred equally in women, patients, patient, men and women, patients, patient, men . The dominant tumor, neoplasm, tumors mass was in the medulla and ranged from 4 to 12 cm in diameter. Mean size was 7 cm; median, 6 cm. Peripheral satellites in the renal cortex and pelvic soft tissues, as well as venous and lymphatic invasion, were usually present. The lesions exhibited a reticular, yolk sac-like, or adenoid cystic appearance, often with poorly differentiated areas in a highly desmoplastic stroma admixed with neutrophils and usually marginated by lymphocytes. The tumor, neoplasm, tumors had usually metastasized when first discovered, and none was confined to the kidney at the time of nephrectomy. The mean duration of life after surgery was 15 weeks. These tumor, neoplasm, tumors probably arise in the calyceal epithelium in or near the renal papillae, renal disease , the same site that produces the more familiar picture of unilateral renal papillae, renal disease11 in women, patients, patient, men with sickle cell trait. We have concluded that renal medullary carcinoma represents another example of renal papillae, renal disease associated with sickle cell disorders . The other six are unilateral renal papillae, renal disease11 , tumor, neoplasm, tumors720 , women, patients, patient, men985 , women, patients, patient, men188 , inability to concentrate urine, and pyelonephritis .
| null |
2361_biomrc
|
Title: [Effects of cognitive state on balance XXXX in institutionalised elderly].
BACKGROUND: Ageing has been linked to a high prevalence of cognitive impairment , which, in turn, has been related to balance participants, people32 . The aim of this study was to identify whether there are differences between subjects with and without cognitive impairment regarding the quality of gait and balance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational study was conducted on institutionalised participants, people older than 65years (n=82). Gait and balance was evaluated after the assessment of cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Single and dual tests were used including, the 6-minute walking, stride length, and gait speed. Timed Up and Go tests were also used to evaluate balance. RESULTS: The participants, people were divided into three groups: 28 subjects in the group without cognitive impairment (MMSE>= 27), 29 subjects with mild (27<MMSE <=21) and 26 subjects with moderate cognitive impairment (MMSE<21). Gait assessment showed significant between-groups differences in all the variables (P<.05). The variables assessing balance also showed significantly worse values in those groups with cognitive impairment . CONCLUSION: The severity of cognitive impairment is related to impaired balance and gait, thus the clinical monitoring of these variables in population at risk is needed.
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4415_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX , self-perceived health status and health risk behaviors: gender differences.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between women, Men, men02 and health risk behaviors and self-perceived health status by gender. METHODS: A total of 39.821 adults (30+ years old) who participated in the system Vigil ncia de Fatores de Risco e Prote o para Doen as Cr nicas por Inqu rito Telef nico (VIGITEL--Telephone-Based Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for women, Men, men02 ) carried out in 27 Brazilian capitals in 2006 were included in the study. The dependent variable was medical diagnosis reporting of diabetes , women, Men, men01 and myocardial infarct or stroke . Respondents were grouped into three categories: no disease; one women, Men, men02 ; and two or more. The associations between the dependent variable and sociodemographic characteristics, behavioral risk factors (smoking, consumption of fatty meat and whole milk, leisure-time physical inactivity, low fruit and vegetable intake and intake of added salt) and self-perceived health status were assessed in women, Men, men and women, Men, men using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: women, Men, men02 reporting was higher among older women, Men, men and women, Men, men with lower schooling, BMI > or = 30 kg/m2 and who were on a diet. There was an inverse association between number of risk behaviors and two or more women, Men, men02 (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.54;0.76 among women, Men, men and OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.77;0.97 among women, Men, men ). Those women, Men, men (OR: 33.61; 95% CI: 15.70;71.93) and women, Men, men (OR: 13.02; 95% CI: 6.86; 24.73) who self-perceived their health as poor reported more women, Men, men02 . There was no statistical interaction between self-perceived health status and gender. CONCLUSIONS: An inverse association between number of risk behaviors and reporting of two or more women, Men, men02 suggests a reverse causality and/or higher survival rates among those who take better care of themselves. women, Men, men seem to have poorer perception of their health status compared to women, Men, men , after adjustment for confounders.
| null |
4417_biomrc
|
Title: Red cell volume distribution curves in the diagnosis of glomerular and non-glomerular XXXX .
It has been suggested that measurement of red blood cell (RBC) volume, by red cell analyzers (RCA), may be used to distinguish glomerular from non-glomerular hematuria . The RCA measures all urinary particles, including RBC. We found that red cell volume distribution curves (RVDC) obtained with a Coulter S+IV RCA were non-specific in predicting the cause of hematuria . Normal RBC added to urine at about 15,000/mm3 produced the expected non-glomerular RCVDC but at decreasing RBC concentrations mixed and then glomerular RCVDCs were found. Urine from 7 normal subjects (6 without urinary RBC) showed particle volume distribution curves identical to glomerular RCVDC. These urinary particles were examined by SEM, scanning electron microscopy ( SEM, scanning electron microscopy ) after filtration (3 microns and 0.8 micron pore size). Hematuric urine from a patients, patient after prostatectomy contained RBC (3.5-9.5 microns diameter) and particulate debris (1.0-7.5 microns diameter). Similar results were obtained for a patients, patient with crescentic glomerulonephritis (particles 1-13 microns diameter). Attempts to separate glomerular urinary RBC from debris by centrifugation against a sucrose polymer were unsuccessful. The shape of the RCVDC obtained with RCA is altered by the presence of debris in urine. The true MCV of glomerular RBC is still unknown. The usefulness of RCA in the diagnosis of hematuria is limited to patients, patient with large numbers of urinary RBC.
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2372_biomrc
|
Title: Impact of abdominal CT imaging on the management of XXXX : an update.
BACKGROUND: Abdominal computed tomographic scanning (ACTS) has recently been shown to be an accurate diagnostic tool for appendicitis and may improve the negative exploration rate in our patients, women, patient population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 224 patients, women, patient evaluated for appendicitis during 1998. Forty-two patients, women, patient underwent appendectomy on clinical grounds alone (Group I), 182 patients, women, patient underwent ACTS (Group II), and 79 patients, women, patient in Group II were explored for appendicitis . Diagnostic errors, alternative diagnoses, and perforation rates were noted. RESULTS: There were five negative explorations in Group I (11.9%) and five in Group II (6.3%), resulting in a combined negative rate of 8.3%. The negative exploration rate in patients, women, patient was 23.5% in Group I and 5.3% in Group II (P = 0.07), producing a combined negative rate of 10.9%. Fifty-eight alternative diagnoses were made by ACTS. The ACTS made a critical difference in the management of 67% of patients, women, patient over 50 years of age and in 79% of Group II patients, women, patient . CONCLUSIONS: The negative exploration rate for appendicitis at our institution fell from 13.6 to 8.3% with selective use of ACTS. The most striking benefit occurred in patients, women, patient and in patients, women, patient over 50 years of age.
| null |
326_biomrc
|
Title: Comparison of intravenous versus intracarotid therapy with @entity3600 in a @entity35 XXXX model.
Currently numerous clinical trials are in progress utilizing intracarotid (i.c.) BCNU, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) for the treatment of malignant gliomas based upon the proposed focal nature of these tumor, tumors and the assumption that the i.c. route delivers higher levels of drug to the tumor, tumors . To date, however, increased efficacy in an animal model has not been clearly demonstrated for the i.c. delivery of BCNU. We have evaluated the dose-response curve for the i.v. and i.c. administration of BCNU, 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea in a commonly utilized experimental brain tumor model, the 9L rat gliosarcoma . An initial toxicity trial utilizing the i.p. 10% lethal dose (LD10) of BCNU by the i.v. and i.c. routes failed to demonstrate any significance in toxicity between the two routes. Tumor-bearing animals were then treated on Day 15-16 after tumor, tumors inoculations with 1, 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the LD10 dose by either the i.v. or the i.c. route. Both i.v. and i.c. BCNU gave maximum survival increases at 75-100% LD10 doses, and there was no therapeutic advantage seen from i.c. delivery. However, at 50% of the LD10 dose (6.65 mg/kg), triplicate experiments demonstrated that the i.c. but not the i.v. dose maintained maximum efficacy equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given either i.v. or i.c. When the dose was reduced to 25% of the LD10 dose (3.33 mg/kg), two of three experiments showed efficacy of the i.c. delivery of this lower drug dosage to be equivalent to 100% of the LD10 given i.v. or i.c. The i.v. dosage resulted in a significant reduction in survival in all three trials. At 10% of the LD10 dose (1.30 mg/kg), neither the i.v. nor the i.c. administration retained equivalent efficacy to 100% of the LD10. However, in one of two trials, the i.c. groups had statistically better survival than controls, while in neither experiment was any advantage over controls seen in the i.v. treated groups. At 1% of the LD10 dose, neither the i.v. nor the i.c. route demonstrated any therapeutic efficacy. From our data, the advantage of the i.c. delivery of BCNU in the intracranial 9L rat gliosarcoma appears to be in the fact that significantly lower dosages than those given i.v. may be utilized to achieve equivalent survival with potentially less systemic toxicity .
| null |
4423_biomrc
|
Title: Interhospital transfer for intact XXXX repair.
OBJECTIVE: Medically complex patients, patient, Patient who need patients, patient, Patient028 ( patients, patient, Patient028 ) repair are at increased risk of mortality. We study the effects of interhospital transfer to high-volume hospitals (HVHs) on postoperative complications and mortality after complications in these patients, patient, Patient . METHODS: Data for 491,779 patients, patient, Patient undergoing intact patients, patient, Patient028 surgery were extracted using Medicare files. patients, patient, Patient demographics, comorbidities, hospital volume, repair type, and patients, patient, Patient transfer status were collected. Primary outcomes were postoperative complications and failure to rescue within 30 days after surgery. Data were analyzed using multivariable and propensity analysis. RESULTS: From 2000 to 2011, the percentage of patients, patient, Patient transferred to another hospital for surgery before starting treatment more than doubled from .7% to 1.9% for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR; P < .001) and from 1.2% to 3.7% for open repair (P < .001). At baseline, transferred patients, patient, Patient had more congestive heart failure (18.7% vs 11.2%; P < .001), coronary (17.4% vs 15.0%; P < .001), pulmonary (38.3% vs 33.6%; P < .001), and patients, patient, Patient77 (8.1% vs 4.6%; P < .001) comorbidities. Transferred patients, patient, Patient incurred more complications after EVAR (25.1% vs 12.8%; P < .001) or open repair (42.3% vs 35.5%; P < .001). After propensity matching for comorbidities and demographics, there were fewer complication rates (40.4% vs 47.8%; P < .001) and decreased failure to rescue (5.5% vs 6.5%; P = .04) after open repair in patients, patient, Patient transferred to HVHs than in patients, patient, Patient who remained at the primary, low-volume hospital for surgery. Complication rates after EVAR for nontransferred patients, patient, Patient at low-volume hospitals and transferred patients, patient, Patient at HVHs were similar (23.9% vs 24.7%; P = .55). After propensity matching, there was no significant difference in failure to rescue (P = .06) after EVAR between patients, patient, Patient transferred to HVHs and nontransferred patients, patient, Patient who had procedures at low-volume hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: Transfer of medically complex patients, patient, Patient to HVHs for open patients, patient, Patient028 repair improves outcomes in patients, patient, Patient028 surgery. Complication rates decrease, and survival of transferred patients, patient, Patient increases when they undergo open repair at HVHs.
| null |
4424_biomrc
|
Title: Outpatient therapy with XXXX and low-dose @entity900 for metastatic @entity14 resistant to @entity1487 .
Chemotherapy with irinotecan hydrochloride, irinotecan and low-dose cisplatin was tested for the treatment of metastatic patients4 showing resistance to patients487 . Eleven consecutive patients with advanced metastatic patients4 (performance status: 0 to 2), who had shown tumor progression on chemotherapy with patients487 / leucovorin , were treated with irinotecan hydrochloride, irinotecan (60 mg/m2) plus cisplatin (6 mg/m2) by 90-min intravenous infusion. Treatment was repeated weekly for 3 weeks during admission and then fortnightly on an outpatient basis. Objective responses were observed in four patients (36%; 95% confidence interval: 11%-69%). The median duration of response was 5.5 months and six patients are still alive. The time to disease progression was longer in the no change group (7.0+/-3.6 months: mean +/- SD) than in the responder group (5.5+/-1.9 months), and there was no difference of median survival between the two groups (10.0 versus 10.3 months). The overall median survival was 8.2 months (range: 4 to 12+ months). This treatment was well tolerated. Six patients experienced grade 1 or 2 patients210 , while grade I diarrhea and nausea occurred in three and five patients , respectively. Based on the good response, excellent quality of life, and convenience, the present regimen seems to be reasonable second-line outpatient chemotherapy for patients with metastatic patients4 showing resistance to patients487 .
| null |
329_biomrc
|
Title: Regional differences in the responses of XXXX cardiac tissue to @entity5402 and their potentiation by hypothermia.
The responses of guinea-pig isolated cardiac tissues to carbachol, Carbachol were examined. Tension, tension responses of paced left atria and right ventricular papillary muscles, rate responses of spontaneously beating right atria and working hearts and contractility (+dP/dt) of paced and unpaced working hearts were obtained at 38 degrees C. carbachol, Carbachol induced negative inotropic and chronotropic responses of atria, abolishing Tension, tension and rate at the maxima. The spontaneously beating heart also exhibited negative chronotropy. The papillary muscles displayed partial inhibition of Tension, tension but, in tissues from reserpine -pretreated animals, negative inotropy was absent. Similarly, no reduction of contractility of paced working hearts was obtained. It was concluded that muscarinic receptors mediating a direct inhibition of ventricular muscle are virtually absent and that the small response obtained in untreated tissue may be due either to inhibition of endogenous catecholamine release via presynaptic receptors or to antagonism of released norepinephrine . Lowering the temperature to 30 or 25 degrees C affected resting Tension, tension , rate and contractility and the magnitude of carbachol, Carbachol responses. The concentration-response curves, when plotted as a percentage of the maximum, were displaced to the left by cooling of the atria and papillary muscles. The papillary muscles now exhibited a response after reserpine pretreatment. In working hearts, the concentration-response curves for the fall in spontaneous rate were also shifted to the left, but this was not significant, probably because the temperature could be reduced to only 30 degrees C, below which contractions ceased. Cooling of guinea-pig isolated cardiac preparations therefore induced supersensitivity to the muscarinic effects of carbachol, Carbachol .
| null |
330_biomrc
|
Title: Opposite effects of the same drug: reversal of topical XXXX by nocebo information.
UNASSIGNED: Several studies have shown that psychological factors such as learning, expectation, and emotions can affect pharmacological treatment and shape both favorable and adverse effects of drugs. This study investigated whether nocebo information provided during administration of an analgesic cream could reverse topical women337 to women931 . Furthermore, we tested whether nocebo effects were mediated by negative emotional activation. A total of 142 healthy volunteers (73 women ) were randomized into 6 groups. A topical analgesic cream (Emla) was administered together with suggestions of women337 in 1 group, whereas another group received Emla with suggestions of women931 . Two other groups received a placebo cream together with the same information as the groups receiving Emla. A fifth group received Emla with no specific information about the effect, and the sixth group received no treatment but the same women58 induction as the other groups. women58 stimulation (48 C) was administered during a pretest and 2 posttests. women58 was continuously recorded during stimulation, and measures of subjective stress and blood pressure were obtained before the pretest, after the application of cream, and after the posttests. The results revealed that women58 was significantly lower in the group receiving Emla with positive information and highest in the groups receiving suggestions of women931 , regardless of whether Emla or the placebo was administered. Mediation analyses showed that stress and blood pressure mediated women931 after nocebo suggestions. These results suggest that nocebo information can reverse topical women337 and that emotional factors can explain a significant proportion of variance in nocebo women931 .
| null |
2379_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX and the ' @entity299 '.
OBJECTIVES: To review the current literature pertaining to the cardiovascular adaptations to exercise and the impact on the physical examination, the electrocardiogram, and the echocardiogram, and to distinguish those physiologic changes from pathologic conditions associated with sudden cardiac death in athletes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Specific cardiovascular adaptations occur in response to regular physical exercise. The extent of these changes depend on the type and duration of exercise as well as the gender of the athlete. These cardiac adaptations are morphologically different from those conditions associated with sudden cardiac death . In the athlete younger than 35 years, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cardiac condition, cardiac abnormality associated with sudden death . Right ventricular dysplasia , idiopathic left ventricular hypertrophy , coronary anomalies , premature atherosclerosis , and Marfan syndrome compose the majority of the remaining causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes. In the athlete older than 35 years, coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of sudden death followed by those conditions responsible for sudden death in the younger athlete. Despite this, regular exercise before or following a myocardial infarction provides a protective effect with respect to overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and fatal reinfarction rates. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular adaptation to regular physical exercise leads to morphologic changes in the myocardium that influence the cardiac examination, the electrocardiogram, and the echocardiogram. Knowledge and recognition of those changes can allow the clinician to distinguish normal physiologic changes from cardiac condition, cardiac abnormality . Proper detection of athletes at high risk for sudden cardiac death and abstention from vigorous physical activity in these athletes may prevent sudden death .
| null |
4428_biomrc
|
Title: Inspiratory pressure-volume curves obtained using automated low constant flow inflation and automated occlusion methods in XXXX @entity1 with a new device.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the inspiratory volume pressure (VP) curves of the respiratory system (rs) produced by static occlusion (OCC) and dynamic low constant flow inflation (LCFI) methods using a new device in ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome ) patients, PATIENTS . SETTING: A multidisciplinary 24-bed ICU in a tertiary university hospital. patients, PATIENTS : Eleven intubated and mechanically ventilated patients, PATIENTS with ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome . MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: OCC and LCFI methods were performed using the same ventilator, which had been specifically implemented for this purpose. LCFI of 5, 10, and 15 l/min and OCC were applied in a random order at zero end-expiratory positive pressure. Airway pressure was measured both proximal (P(ao)) and distal (P(tr)) to the endotracheal tube. patients, PATIENTS166 ( patients, PATIENTS166 ) and maximal slope (C(max,rs)) were estimated using unbiased iterative linear regressions. patients, PATIENTS166 (rs) was obtained in all patients, PATIENTS under LCFI and in nine patients, PATIENTS under OCC. With LCFI of 5, 10, 15 l/min and OCC the average patients, PATIENTS166 (rs) values were 12.2 +/- 3.9, 12.9 +/- 4, 14.3 +/- 3.4, and 11.9 cm H(2)O for P(ao) and 11.9 +/- 3.9, 11.5 +/- 3.3, 12.5 +/- 3.4 and 11.8 +/- 4.4 for P(tr), respectively. Only the mean values of patients, PATIENTS166 (rs) for P(ao) with LCFI at 15 l/min were significantly different from those obtained for OCC. The C(max,rs) values found with the two methods were similar. CONCLUSIONS: An LCFI less than or equal to 10 l/min seems to be a quick, safe, and reliable method to determine patients, PATIENTS166 (rs) and C(max,rs) at the bedside.
| null |
2377_biomrc
|
Title: Isolated lung perfusion with melphalan: pharmacokinetics and XXXX in a @entity1707 model.
BACKGROUND: In humans, patients, patient with unresectable lung cancer or pulmonary metastases, isolated lung perfusion (ILP) has been described as an alternative method to deliver high-dose chemotherapy to the lungs, thereby minimizing systemic humans, patients, patient37 . Pharmacokinetics of ILP have not been extensively investigated. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of ILP with melphalan in a humans, patients, patient707 model with emphasis on pharmacokinetics and acute lung damage . METHODS: Five humans, patients, patient707 underwent ILP with melphalan. Blood and tissue samples were obtained for determination of melphalan levels. Tissue biopsies were taken for microscopic evaluation of lung damage. RESULTS: During ILP, no hemodynamic effects of importance were noted. No systemic leakage of melphalan was observed in any of the animals. Compared with normal lung tissue, microscopic examination of lung tissue after perfusion without melphalan showed pulmonary edema . Directly after melphalan perfusion additional hemorrhagic areas were seen; however, electron microscopy displayed no irreversible endothelial damage. CONCLUSION: This study on humans, patients, patient707 proved to be a well reproducible model for ILP with melphalan. Pharmacokinetics show a safety profile with no systemic humans, patients, patient37 , which could justify further humans, patients, patient studies, necessary to determine its effect on pulmonary metastases in humans, patients, patient , especially in case of adjuvant therapy after surgical resection or in unresectable disease.
| null |
336_biomrc
|
Title: mAb C19 targets a novel surface marker for the isolation of @entity1 cardiac progenitor cells from XXXX heart tissue and differentiated hESCs.
AIMS: Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have been isolated from adult and developing hearts using an anti-mouse Sca-1 antibody. However, the absence of a human Sca-1 homologue has hampered the clinical application of the CPCs. Therefore, we generated novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specifically raised against surface markers expressed by resident human CPCs. Here, we explored the suitability of one of these mAbs, mAb C19, for the identification, isolation and characterization of CPCs from fetal heart tissue and differentiating cultures of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). METHODS _ RESULTS: Using whole-cell immunization, mAbs were raised against Sca-1 + CPCs and screened for reactivity to various CPC lines by flow cytometry. mAb C19 was found to be specific for Sca-1 + CPCs, with high cell surface binding capabilities. mAb C19 stained small stem-like cells in cardiac tissue sections. Moreover, during differentiation of hESCs towards cardiomyocytes, a transient population of cells with mAb C19 reactivity was identified and isolated using magnetic-activated cell sorting. Their cell fate was tracked and found to improve cardiomyocyte purity from hESC-derived cultures. mAb C19+ CPCs, from both hESC differentiation and fetal heart tissues, were maintained and expanded in culture, while retaining their CPC-like characteristics and their ability to further differentiate into cardiomyocytes by stimulation with TGFb1 . Finally, gene expression profiling of these mAb C19+ CPCs suggested a highly angiogenic nature, which was further validated by cell-based angiogenesis assays. CONCLUSION: mAb C19 is a new surface marker for the isolation of multipotent CPCs from both human heart tissues and differentiating hESCs.
| null |
2386_biomrc
|
Title: Differential gene expression between @entity10281 and non- XXXX @entity5157 ( @entity5157 L.) hives.
BACKGROUND: hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior is a complex, genetically-based quantitative trait that serves as a key defense mechanism against parasites and diseases in honeybee, Apis mellifera, honeybees . Yet, the genomic basis and functional pathways involved in the initiation of this behavior are still unclear. Deciphering the genomic basis of hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior is a prerequisite to developing an extensive repertoire of genetic markers associated to the performance level of this quantitative trait. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed an RNA-seq on brain samples of 25 honeybee, Apis mellifera, honeybees per hives from five hygienic and three non-hygienic hives . RESULTS: This analysis revealed that a limited number of functional genes are involved in honeybee, Apis mellifera, honeybees hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior . The genes identified, and especially their location in the honeybee, Apis mellifera, honeybees genome, are consistent with previous findings. Indeed, the genomic sequences of most differentially expressed genes were found on the majority of the QTL regions associated to the hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior described in previous studies. According to the Gene Ontology annotation, 15 genes are linked to the GO-terms DNA or nucleotide binding, indicating a possible role of these genes in transcription regulation. Furthermore, GO-category enrichment analysis revealed that electron carrier activity is over-represented, involving only genes belonging to the cytochrome P450. Cytochrome P450 enzymes' overexpression can be explained by a disturbance in the regulation of expression induced by changes in transcription regulation or sensitivity to xenobiotics. Over-expressed cytochrome P450 enzymes could potentially degrade the odorant pheromones or chemicals that normally signal the presence of a diseased brood before activation of the removal process thereby inhibit hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior . CONCLUSIONS: These findings improve our understanding on the genetics basis of the hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior . Our results show that hygienic behavior, Hygienic behavior relies on a limited set of genes linked to different regulation patterns (expression level and biological processes) associated with an over-expression of cytochrome P450 genes.
| null |
4435_biomrc
|
Title: Fractionated stereotactic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (FS-IMRT) for small XXXX .
Eight patients with acoustic neuromas were treated using a novel method developed at our institution for delivering fractionated stereotactic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (FS-IMRT). We present treatment parameters, dosimetry analysis, and preliminary clinical outcome. The method incorporates high-precision invasive fixation, obliquely-oriented tomotherapy arcs, and reduced dimension pencil beams. The delivered dose distributions for the 8 patients treated from April 1999 to May 2001 were assessed for dose conformality, homogeneity, and doses to organs at risk. Total doses prescribed were 54 Gy in daily doses of 1.8 Gy. Results show that the median planning target volume (gross tumor volume plus a safety margin of 2 mm) was 2.48 cm3 (1.64 to 16.86 cm3) and that the median conformality and homogeneity indices were 1.69 (1.56 to 2.16) and 1.12 (1.09 to 1.19), respectively. The respective average mean and maximum doses to the brain stem were 12.67 Gy and 53.86 Gy. The treatment parameters for the novel FS-IMRT method developed here document excellent dose conformality and normal tissue sparing. Preliminary short-term follow-up (mean 17, median 18.5 months) revealed a 100% local control and hearing preservation rate. No new persistent impairment of facial and trigeminal nerve was observed. Our current follow-up experience indicates a reasonable potential for achieving outcomes comparable to established stereotactic radiotherapy techniques.
| null |
4436_biomrc
|
Title: @entity230 after the Kasai procedure for XXXX : the effect of age at Kasai portoenterostomy.
UNASSIGNED: The use of adjuvant steroids following Kasai porteoenterostomy (KPE) for biliary atresia is controversial. The aim of this study was twofold: a systematic review of published literature and an update of the clinical Kings College Hospital series to look for evidence of an effect of age on the outcome in a group of BA infants treated with high-dose steroids . This clinical study included infants treated between January 2006 and June 2014 who underwent KPE by day 70 of life and who received high-dose steroids (oral prednisolone starting 5 mg/kg/day). They were subdivided into cohorts according to age at which KPE was performed. The outcome measured was clearance of infants087 (<20 mol/L) by 6 months and native liver survival. R * C (2) analysis and log-rank tests were used, respectively, and P <= 0.05 was regarded as significant. 104 infants were included with a median age at KPE of 45 (range 12-70) days. 71/104 (67 %) cleared their infants087 by 6 months of age. Age-cohort analysis showed a trend (P = 0.03) favouring early KPE (e.g. 100 % of 11 infants operated on <30 days clearing their infants087 compared to 66 % of those operated on between 61 and 70 days). There was a significant native liver survival benefit for those operated on <45 days (5 year NLS estimate 69 versus 46 %; P = 0.05). Clearance of infants087 is related to the age at KPE in infants who receive high-dose steroids . Native liver survival appears to be improved as a result of this. This is the first study to show tangible longer-term benefit from high-dose steroids in biliary atresia .
| null |
2389_biomrc
|
Title: Preliminary study of @entity146 using XXXX in gastric and @entity14 .
AIM: To investigate the utility of men, patient, women, Patients, patients46 ( men, patient, women, Patients, patients46 ) using 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid ( 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid ) to detect men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 . METHODS: This prospective single-center study investigated inter-subject variability in men, patient, women, Patients, patients with early-stage men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 indicated for endoscopic resection. Subjects were men, patient, women, Patients, patients with men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 who had undergone endoscopic resection between November 2012 and November 2013. Selection criteria included age 20-80 years, either sex, and provision of informed consent. men, patient, women, Patients, patients were orally administered 20 mg/kg of 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid enteric-coated capsules (SBI ALApromo Co., Tokyo, Japan). Administration of 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid was followed by endoscopic resection of men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 , and the resected specimens were examined using a video autofluorescence processor and a fluorescence endoscope (SAFE-3000 and EB-1970AK, respectively; Pentax, Tokyo, Japan). The primary endpoint was the presence of fluorescence in tumor, tumors . Endoscopic, macroscopic, and histopathologic findings of tumor, tumors were assessed. We also evaluated adverse events of the present procedure as a secondary endpoint and examined each men, patient, women, Patients, patients for the presence of known adverse effects of 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid , namely, hematocytopenia, Liver dysfunction, liver dysfunction , tumor, tumors51 , nausea , and photosensitivity. RESULTS: We enrolled 10 men, patient, women, Patients, patients (7 men, patient, women, Patients, patients , 3 men, patient, women, Patients, patients ) (n = 13 lesions: 10 gastric/3 men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 ). Fluorescence was detected in 7/13 (53.8%) lesions. No significant differences in sex (male: 55.6% vs female: 50.5%, P = 1.00), age (67.1 1.9 years vs 65.0 2.0 years, P = 0.45), tumor, tumors color (reddish: 60.0% vs discolored: 33.3%, P = 0.56), tumor, tumors diameter (15.0 2.1 mm vs 14.2 2.3 mm, P = 0.80), macroscopic type (protruded: 70.0% vs depressed 0%, P = 0.07), histologic type (differentiated type: 58.3% vs 0%, P = 0.46), invasion depth (mucosal layer: 55.6% vs submucosal layer: 33.3%, P = 1.00), lymphatic invasion (present: 33.3% vs absent: 50.0%, P = 1.00), venous invasion (present: 0% vs absent: 54.5%, P = 1.00) or procedure time of endoscopic resection (36.3 8.3 min vs 36.7 9.0 min, P = 0.98) were observed between the men, patient, women, Patients, patients with and without fluorescence. Fluorescence detection rate tended to be high for elevated lesions . Liver dysfunction, liver dysfunction developed in 4/10 (40.0%) men, patient, women, Patients, patients . The extent of the Liver dysfunction, liver dysfunction was a slight increase in transaminases and total bilirubin levels, which spontaneously improved in the men, patient, women, Patients, patients . None of the men, patient, women, Patients, patients developed photosensitivity. CONCLUSION: Results of this preliminary study suggest the utility of men, patient, women, Patients, patients46 using 5-ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid for screening of men, patient, women, Patients, patients4 .
| null |
342_biomrc
|
Title: Effects of alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonists on rough-and-tumble play in juvenile @entity35 : evidence for a site of action independent of non-adrenoceptor XXXX binding sites.
The pharmacological specificity of alpha-2 adrenoceptor involvement in the modulation of rough-and-tumble play behavior was assessed in juvenile rat, rats . The alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonists idazoxan and RX821002 both increased the frequency of pinning in individually housed rat, rats that were given a brief opportunity to play. Dorsal contacts, a measure of play solicitation, were not consistently affected by these compounds. Since RX821002 shows little affinity for non-adrenoceptor imidazoline binding sites, it is likely that the facilitation of play following administration of these two compounds is due to blockade of alpha-2 receptors. The effect of RX821002 and idazoxan is unlikely to be an artifact associated with using rat, rats that are reared in isolation, as RX821002 also increased pinning, as well as dorsal contacts, in group-housed rat, rats that were isolated for a short period (4h) before the play session. The alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin , which also binds to alpha-2B receptors, reduced the frequency of both pinning and dorsal contacts. There was a strong trend for St 587 , a centrally active alpha-1 agonist, to attenuate the effect of prazosin on play. While this leaves open the possibility that prazosin may be reducing play through alpha-1 blockade, antagonist activity at alpha-2B receptors cannot be ruled out. From these data, we conclude that the facilitation of play following idazoxan and RX821002 is likely due to blockade of alpha-2A adrenoceptors. These findings add further support for a specific role of alpha-adrenoceptors in the modulation of playfulness in the juvenile rat, rats .
| null |
344_biomrc
|
Title: Molecular analysis of multidrug resistance in Shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157:H7 isolated from meat and dairy products.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is an important food-borne pathogen that has been implicated in numerous disease outbreaks worldwide. Little is known about the extent and molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in STEC O157:H7 of food origin. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the genetic basis of multidrug resistance in 54 STEC O157:H7 strains isolated from 1600 food samples (800 meat products and 800 dairy products) collected from different street venders, butchers, retail markets, and slaughterhouses in Egypt. Thirty-one of 54 (57.4%) isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotypes to at least three classes of antimicrobials. The highest incidence of antimicrobial resistance was to kanamycin (96.8%), followed by spectinomycin (93.6%), ampicillin (90.3%), streptomycin (87.1%), and tetracycline (80.6%). PCR and DNA sequencing were used to screen and characterize integrons and antibiotic resistance genes, and 29.6% and 5.6% of isolates were positive for class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. b-Lactamase-encoding genes were identified in 63.0% of isolates as follows: blaTEM-1 and blaTEM-52 in 35.2% and 1.9% isolates respectively; blaCMY-2 in 13.0% isolates; blaCTX-M in 5.6% isolates; blaSHV-12 in 5.6% isolates; and blaOXA-1 in 1.9% isolate. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were identified in 13.0% of isolates as follows: qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in 5.6%, 3.7%, and 3.7% isolates, respectively. Finally, the florfenicol resistance gene floR was identified in 7.4% of isolates. This study demonstrated that meat and dairy products are potential sources of multidrug resistant STEC O157:H7. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of class 2 integrons, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in STEC O157:H7.
| null |
349_biomrc
|
Title: Recanalization of XXXX using the Magnarail system: technique and procedural outcome.
Angioplasty for occluded coronary arteries is less successful than for sub-total stenoses. The Magnarail system (Schneider) has been designed to improve success rates. We used the system in 112 patients, patient with patients, patient563 (TIMI flow < or = 1) which the operator felt suitable for angioplasty. It was successful (defined as < 50% stenosis) in 75.9% overall, 65.9% in occlusions > 3 months and 83.3% < 3 months. Intimal dissection occurred in 26 instances, more commonly after right coronary angioplasties. One patients, patient died and one procedure was complicated by coronary perforation treated surgically. The procedure was less successful in the right coronary artery (p = 0.02). Coronary calcification (p = 0.03), the absence of a tapered occlusion (p = 0.04) and the absence of collaterals from another vascular territory (p = 0.04) were all associated with angiographic failure. The mean fluoroscopy time for the procedures was 22.8 +/- 16.9 minutes. The Magnarail system seems highly effective in recanalization of patients, patient563 .
| null |
4445_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX after live related donor hepatectomy: Incidence, predictors and implications for safety of thoracic epidural catheter.
BACKGROUND: coagulopathy, Coagulopathy after living donor hepatectomy (LDH) may endanger donor safety during removal of thoracic epidural catheter (TEC). The present study was conducted to evaluate the extent and duration of immediate postoperative coagulopathy after LDH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of perioperative record of LDH over three years was conducted after IRB approval. Variables such as age, gender, BMI, ASA classification, liver volume on CT scan, preoperative and postoperative INR, platelet count (PC) and ALT of each donor for five days was noted. In addition, duration of surgery, remnant as percentage total liver volume (Remnant%), blood loss , day of peak in PC and INR were also noted. coagulopathy, Coagulopathy was defined as being present if INR exceeded 1.5 or platelet count fell below 1 * 10 5 /mm 3 on any day. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 for Windows. Between group comparison was made using the Student 't' test for continuous variables and chi square test for categorical variables. Univariate analysis was done. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to find independent factor associated with coagulopathy, Coagulopathy . RESULTS: Eighty four (84) donors had coagulopathy, Coagulopathy on second day (mean INR 1.9 0.42). Low BMI, % of remnant liver and duration of surgery were independent predictors of coagulopathy, Coagulopathy . Right lobe hepatectomy had more coagulopathy, Coagulopathy than left lobe and low BMI was the only independent predictor. There was no correlation of coagulopathy, Coagulopathy with age, gender, blood loss , presence of epidural catheter, postoperative ALT or duration of hospital stay. High INR was the main contributor for coagulopathy, Coagulopathy . CONCLUSIONS: coagulopathy, Coagulopathy is seen after donor hepatectomy. We recommend removal of the epidural catheter after the fifth postoperative day when INR falls below 1.5.
| null |
4448_biomrc
|
Title: Efficacy of combined regenerative treatments in @entity1 mandibular class II XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The treatment of molar furcation defects remains a considerable challenge in clinical practice. The degree of success in the management of furcation involvement is highly variable and inversely related to initial PD, probing depth ( PD, probing depth ) measurements in these lesions. The identification of clinical measurements influential to the treatment outcomes is critical to optimize the results of surgical periodontal therapy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical response of mandibular buccal Class II furcation lesions to a combined regenerative treatment modality. METHODS: Sixty patients were divided into two (n = 30) treatment groups. An experimental combined regenerative therapy (ET) was compared to open flap debridement (OFD). The ET was a combination of a composite graft consisting of bioabsorbable hydroxyapatite and tetracycline (3:1), a guided tissue regeneration barrier, and a coronally advanced flap. The clinical variables evaluated were plaque, bleeding on probing, patients464 , PD, probing depth , vertical attachment level (VAL), horizontal attachment level (HAL), furcation vertical height, furcation horizontal depth, and the amount of tissue under the barrier membrane at uncovering. Reevaluation was performed 12 months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: Both treatments resulted in improvements in all clinical variables evaluated. Postoperative measurements revealed a reduction in PD, probing depth of 3.65 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.60 +/- 1.0 mm; VAL gains of 3.05 +/- 0.6 mm and 0.65 +/- 0.6 mm and HAL gains of 3.45 +/- 1.3 mm and 0.55 +/- 0.7 mm in the ET and OFD groups, respectively. In the ET group, significant positive correlations were found between baseline PD, probing depth and PD, probing depth reduction at 12 months, and the initial VAL correlated positively with patients017 . The horizontal furcation depth and amount of tissue formed under the membrane at uncovering correlated positively with patients0273 . For the OFD group, the initial PD, probing depth correlated positively with patients0273 and correlated negatively with recession. Initial VAL correlated positively with patients0273 . The initial HAL correlated negatively with recession at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: ET exhibited significantly better clinical results, with more patients0273 , and a higher frequency of furcation closure compared to OFD and showed promise as a regenerative treatment technique. The ability to predict a response to treatment based upon pretreatment parameters was not consistent between groups; thus, prediction of treatment outcomes based on pretreatment measurements should be carefully evaluated for each treatment modality.
| null |
355_biomrc
|
Title: Double antibody radioimmunoassay for monitoring metastatic XXXX .
We previously reported the production of a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies which recognize glycoproteins abnormally expressed in women, human, patients breast tumours, breast cancer, breast tumour, breast neoplasms . Using two of these antibodies, a double antibody radioimmunoassay was designed to quantify levels of these breast tumours, breast cancer, breast tumour, breast neoplasms marker glycoproteins in serum. Marker levels greater than 28 units were considered abnormal. Using this criterion, 63% and 75% of women, human, patients with breast tumours, breast cancer, breast tumour, breast neoplasms stages I and II, respectively, and 88% of those with metastatic disease were found to have elevated marker levels. Thirteen percent of women, human, patients with non-malignant women, human, patients558 also had elevated marker levels. Elevated marker levels were also detected in women, human, patients with non breast tumours, breast cancer, breast tumour, breast neoplasms . One hundred and eleven women, human, patients with metastatic disease were followed. Eighty-two percent of those with progressive disease and 73% of those where disease regressed had 20% changes in marker levels. These changes in marker levels preceded by up to 6 months changes in disease state. From these results we conclude that this assay may be useful for monitoring the course of disease in breast tumours, breast cancer, breast tumour, breast neoplasms women, human, patients .
| null |
2404_biomrc
|
Title: A wait-and-see strategy with subsequent self-expanding metal stent on demand is superior to prophylactic bypass surgery for unresectable XXXX .
BACKGROUND: A Patients, patients, patient with unresectable periampullary malignancy found at laparotomy has traditionally received a prophylactic double bypass (biliary and duodenal), associated with considerable morbidity. With modern endoscopic treatments, surgical bypass has become questionable. This study aims to compare the two strategies. Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SU) performs a double bypass (DoB) routinely, and Sk ne University Hospital Lund (SUL) secures biliary drainage endoscopically and treats only symptomatic duodenal obstruction, duodenal obstructions (Wait and See, WaS). METHOD: Between 2004 and 2013, 73 Patients, patients, patient from SU and 70 from SUL were retrospectively identified. Demographics, tumour -related factors and postoperative outcomes during the remaining lifetime were noted. RESULTS: The DoB group had significantly more complications (67% vs. 31%, p = 0.00002) and longer hospital stay (14 vs. 8 days, p = 0.001) than the WaS-group. The two groups had similar proportion of Patients, patients, patient in need of readmission. The DoB Patients, patients, patient and the WaS Patients, patients, patient with metallic biliary stents were comparable regarding their need of re-interventions and hospitalisation due to biliary obstruction . Surgical duodenal bypass did not prevent future duodenal obstruction, duodenal obstructions . CONCLUSION: Patients, patients, patient with unresectable periampullary malignancies can safely be managed with endoscopic drainage on demand and with lower morbidity and shorter hospital stay than with surgical prophylactic bypass.
| null |
4453_biomrc
|
Title: Implications of asymptomatic endocervical @entity491 in XXXX .
Genital tract infection is a known cause of male and female infertility . In this retrospective study, we investigated the effect of treatment of asymptomatic leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis on pregnancy rates. Twenty-five infertile women, Patients, patients with asymptomatic leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis received broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment (100 mg doxycycline , 200 mg ofloxacin , and 500 mg metronidazole twice a day for 7-10 days). Pregnancy rates and resolution of leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis were evaluated 6 months after treatment. Eleven women, Patients, patients (44%) had persistent leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis and 16 (64%) had become pregnant within 6 months after treatment. Successful treatment of leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis resulted in an increase in the pregnancy rate: 13 of the 14 women, Patients, patients (93%) who were cured of leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis became pregnant, while 3 of the 11 (27%) who did not become pregnant were cured (p = 0.002). women, Patients, patients who did not achieve pregnancy were older (p = 0. 002) than those who did. women, Patients, patients who were not cured were also older than those who were (p = 0.014). Our findings suggest that the treatment for leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis is less effective for older women, Patients, patients than for younger women, Patients, patients . However, treatment of asymptomatic leukocytosis, cervical leukocytosis appears to help preserve the fertility of women, Patients, patients with this disease.
| null |
357_biomrc
|
Title: [Breast lesions associated with XXXX . Study of 200 excision specimens].
Two hundred cases of breast carcinoma, breast cancer were studied, with particular attention to adjacent non-malignant modifications considered by some authors as preneoplastic changes. carcinomatous lesions, Diverse proliferative lesions were recognized in 82% of cases. women, patients373 was present in 51.5% of cases and was more often ductal (83/200) than lobular (40/200). Microscopic cysts were noted in 72% of cases. Calcifications, easily identified by mammography were present in 20% of cases and were associated with women, patients373 in 4/5 of cases. The mean of women, patients was 58 years. For comparative studies of histologic lesions the following age categories were evaluated: category I less than 50 years (57 women, patients ), category II greater than or equal to 50 years (143 women, patients ). women, patients137 , adenosis , and, to a lesser degree, sclerosing adenosis and macroscopic cysts were more frequently associated with breast carcinoma, breast cancer in women, patients younger than 50. Fibro- atrophic or lipomatous changes were more often found in the older group of women, patients , as expected. women, patients463 adenosis was significantly more frequent in breasts with multifocal infiltrating women, patients89 . Such changes must be considered as risk factors by pathologists when present in mammary specimens without carcinomatous lesions, Diverse proliferative lesions , and careful study should be undertaken to locate a possible in situ microscopic women, patients89 . No differences appeared in lesions associated with breast carcinoma, breast cancer in women, patients with or without a familial history of breast carcinoma, breast cancer .
| null |
360_biomrc
|
Title: Repair of massive XXXX with "quilted" mesh.
INTRODUCTION: Prosthetic reinforcement is a critical component of hernia repair. For massive defects, mesh overlap is often limited by the dimensions of commercially available implants. In scenarios where larger mesh prosthetics are required for adequate reinforcement, it may be necessary to join several pieces of mesh together using non-absorbable suture. Here, we report our outcomes for abdominal wall reconstructions in which "quilted" mesh was utilized for fascial reinforcement. METHODS: Patients, patients, patient undergoing open incisional hernia repair utilizing posterior component separation and transversus abdominis muscle release, with use of quilted synthetic mesh placed in the retromuscular position, were reviewed. Main outcome measures included Patients, patients, patient , hernia , and operative characteristics and post-operative outcomes, including surgical site occurrence (SSO), surgical site infection, SSI ( surgical site infection, SSI ), and recurrence. RESULTS: Thirty-two Patients, patients, patient (mean age 55.7 9.3, BMI 38.3 5.8 kg/m(2)) underwent open ventral hernia, ventral hernias repair with "quilted" mesh placed in the retromuscular position. The mean defect area was 760.1 311.0 cm(2) with a mean width of 24.7 6.4 cm. Quilted meshes consisted of two-piece (69 %), three-piece (19 %) and four-piece (12 %) configurations. Wound morbidity consisted of eight (25 %) SSOs, including four (13 %) SSIs, all of which resolved without mesh excision. With mean follow-up of 9.0 13.6 months, there were two (6.3 %) lateral recurrences, both unassociated with mesh-to-mesh suture line failure. CONCLUSIONS: Massive ventral hernia, ventral hernias that require giant mesh prosthetics, currently not commercially available, may be successfully repaired using multiple mesh pieces sewn together in a quilt-like fashion. Such retromuscular repairs are durable, without added morbidity due to the mesh-to-mesh suture line. However, additional operative time is required for quilting the mesh together, prompting strong calls for manufacturing of larger mesh prosthetics.
| null |
4457_biomrc
|
Title: Clinical Research Abstracts of the British XXXX Veterinary Association Congress 2015.
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is common in equids, with a high risk of re-injury associated with changes in tendon stiffness . In vivo measurement of limb stiffness has been shown to correlate with tendon stiffness after injury [1] but requires kinematic analysis which is impractical in a clinical setting. We have developed a simple system for measuring limb stiffness statically, which could be used as a tool for monitoring SDFT healing. OBJECTIVES: To validate a goniometric measurement of limb stiffness . STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. METHODS: Initially, forelimb stiffness indices were determined at the walk for 6 equids using a validated kinematic analysis [1]. Limb stiffness indices were then calculated using portable floor scales to record ground reaction force (GRF), and an electrogoniometer to record metacarpophalangeal joint angle. Goniometric limb stiffness indices were subsequently measured in 11 horse, horses ranging from 2 to 20 years of age, with no clinical evidence of SDFT injury, tendon healing post injury . Strength and significance of correlation and agreement between the measurement methods was assessed and association between limb stiffness , limb (left vs. right), weight and age of horse, horses and were calculated. RESULTS: There were strong positive correlations between GRF and joint angle (R(2) = 0.98) and between the static and kinematic methods (R = 0.78, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between limb stiffness and weight (R(2) = 0.85, P<0.01), but no association with age or limb. CONCLUSIONS: This study validated the measurement of limb stiffness in a clinical setting. The positive correlation of limb stiffness and weight supports the theory of an optimised limb spring [2] for energy-efficient cursorial locomotion which may, in turn, provide a clinically-relevant measure of running efficiency and therefore the quality of SDFT injury, tendon healing post injury . Ethical animal research: Owner consent was obtained. SOURCE OF FUNDING: None. Competing interests: None declared.
| null |
4460_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX : CT and MR findings.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the CT and MR characteristics of Brenner tumors, tumors , rare epithelial neoplasms of the ovary. METHOD: CT and MR scans of eight pathologically proven Brenner tumors, tumors of the ovary (seven benign, one malignant, and one associated with mucinous cystadenoma ) were retrospectively reviewed. The masses were analyzed for location, size, external configuration, internal architecture, enhancement pattern, presence of calcification , and metastatic spread. RESULTS: The patients ' median age was 63 years (range 39-79 years), and the mean size of the Brenner tumors, tumors was 11.4 cm (7.5-17 cm). All Brenner tumors, tumors were unilateral and had a well-defined margin. The mass was mostly solid in three, mostly cystic in one, and "mixed" solid and cystic in four cases. The Brenner tumors, tumors with cystic components (n = 5) were mostly multilocular in appearance (n = 4). All the solid components showed mild homogeneous enhancement on postcontrast CT and MRI. Extensive amorphous calcification within the solid component on CT was seen in five of six cases (83%). No characteristic findings discriminating patients0968 could be found. CONCLUSION: Extensive amorphous calcification in a solid mass or solid component in a multilocular cystic mass is a characteristic finding of patients0968 and MRI.
| null |
4461_biomrc
|
Title: @entity10895 XXXX in mitochondrial dysfunction: Interesting phenotypic and MRI observations.
An 11-year-old girl, patient manifested with photophobia , girl, patient736 , external ophthalmoplegia , hypotonia , weakness of proximal limb muscles , hyporeflexia , and generalized seizures (six months). Her elder sister had had uncontrolled seizures and photophobia and died at seven years of age. In the patient, serum lactate was high (55 mg/dl). Muscle biopsy revealed characteristic ragged red and ragged blue fibers, diagnostic of girl, patient2295 . Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the DNA obtained from the muscle biopsy of the girl, patient did not show any characteristic mutation. Four months later, the girl, patient was admitted with a one-week history of girl, patient0895 partialis girl, patient0895 (EPC). EEG revealed Periodic Lateralized Epileptiform Discharges (PLEDs), once in 2-4 seconds, over the right temporo-occipital leads. MRI revealed signal change of right motor cortex, which had restricted diffusion. MR spectroscopy (MRS) from this region revealed lactate peak. EPC remained refractory to multiple anti- epileptic drugs, immuno-modulators, coenzyme-Q, and carnitine . This thought provoking report expands the spectrum of mitochondrial cytopathies.
| null |
2416_biomrc
|
Title: Detection of crossing vessels in pediatric XXXX : Clinical patterns and imaging findings.
BACKGROUND: Pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO ( ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO ) is caused by congenital intrinsic narrowing and/or a lower pole-crossing renal artery. When a CRV, crossing renal vessel ( CRV, crossing renal vessel ) is missed at the time of pyeloplasty, a redo-pyeloplasty is often required. OBJECTIVES: The aims were to analyze clinical predictors for the presence of a CRV, crossing renal vessel in ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO and the utility of functional magnetic resonance urography (fMRU) in preoperative identification of a crossing vessel. METHODS: Using an Institutional Review Board approved registry database, we identified 166 patients, infants, child from July of 2007 until January of 2014 who had undergone open, laparoscopic, or robotic assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty at our institution. We abstracted data including age at surgery, preoperative symptoms, preoperative imaging findings, and whether or not a CRV, crossing renal vessel was identified intraoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Of the 166 patients, infants, child identified, 78 were found to have a CRV, crossing renal vessel at the time of surgery and 88 did not. The surgical approach was distributed as 104 robotic assisted laparoscopic, 51 open, and 11 pure laparoscopic. On univariate analysis, older age at presentation and patients, infants, child58 at presentation predicted the presence of a CRV, crossing renal vessel ; antenatal hydronephrosis was a negative predictor, though 20 of 68 (25.6%) patients, infants, child diagnosed with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO antenatally did have a CRV, crossing renal vessel . Subgroup analysis of patients, infants, child undergoing preoperative MRU showed a sensitivity of 88.2% and specificity of 91.7% for the detection of CRVs. DISCUSSION: This study confirmed the importance of looking for a crossing vessel in all cases, with the knowledge that increased age and patients, infants, child58 at presentation were more likely to be associated with a crossing vessel. In addition, fMRU is a valuable source of information in the preoperative identification of the presence of a crossing vessel. The study has limitations including being retrospective in nature, and that the sensitivity of fMRU to identify CRVs was based on the read of an experienced uroradiologist who specializes in MRU, so may not correlate with the standard clinical read of an fMRU. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the need to maintain a high index of suspicion for the presence of a CRV, crossing renal vessel when intervening in a clinically symptomatic older patients, infants, child , although 25% of patients, infants, child with antenatally detected ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO did have one too. Our subset analysis demonstrated that MRU is a reliable method of detecting crossing vessels.
| null |
2417_biomrc
|
Title: Pharmacokinetic synergy from the XXXX extract of Taxus chinensis improves the bioavailability of @entity1311 .
BACKGROUND: Taxus chinensis (Pilger) Rehd is widely distributed in China and the northern hemisphere, and the most popular medicinal component isolated from Taxus chinensis is paclitaxel ( PTX ), which has now become the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for breast cancer and ovarian cancer . Oral administration of pure PTX as a potential anti- tumor, cancer agent is compromised by low bioavailability. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: In the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, drug co-administration in the form of mixtures or formula could achieve pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic synergies. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there exist any 'inherent' phytochemical synergy from Taxus chinensis extract that could improve PTX bioavailability. STUDY DESIGN: Pharmacokinetic study of PTX after oral administration of Taxus chinensis extracts or single PTX was performed. In addition, comparative cytotoxic studies were carried out on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. METHODS: The plasma concentrations of PTX were determined using a validated high performance chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. The cytotoxicity was compared using the MTT assay. RESULTS: Oral administration of taxane fractions isolated from Taxus chinensis (containing 17.2% PTX ) could achieve remarkably higher blood concentration and systemic exposure of PTX in rats , while the retention of PTX was significantly improved. Further tissue distribution analysis revealed that the penetration of PTX into major tissues was drastically increased compared with that of single PTX . In addition, in MCF-7 cells, the co-existing components in taxane mixtures could strengthen the inhibitory effects of PTX on tumor, cancer cell proliferation. CONCLUSION: Together, these results support that administration of PTX in the form of taxane mixtures may become a novel approach to improve the poor bioavailability of PTX . Moreover, the inherent synergy from Taxus chinensis taxane extracts promises a novel strategy to strengthen PTX efficacy.
| null |
372_biomrc
|
Title: @entity884 due to XXXX .
Three fatal cases of listerial endocarditis were studied. The first case occurred in an apparently healthy 58-year-old woman, patients, patient, man , who presented with symptoms of pneumonitis . The second case developed in a 75-year-old woman, patients, patient, man with adenocarcinoma of the lung and aortic stenosis . In the third woman, patients, patient, man , an 83-year-old woman, patients, patient, man , aortic valve vegetations with perforations were found at necropsy. A colonic adenocarcinoma was found in the first and third cases. Ampicillin , alone or with an aminoglycoside , was the antibiotic used. Urgent valve replacement was performed in the first case. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from blood cultures in all three cases. A review of 41 other woman, patients, patient, man with listerial endocarditis showed a nonspecific clinical picture, but septic complications occurred in one-half of the cases. Thirty-nine woman, patients, patient, man had at least one predisposing factor, which was underlying heart disease in 25 cases. The mortality rate was 48%.
| null |
2421_biomrc
|
Title: Amyloid b oligomer-induced @entity1366 -dependent serine 636/639 phosphorylation of @entity10175 impairs insulin signaling and glycogen storage in XXXX astrocytes.
AIMS: This study is to investigate the effect of amyloid b1-42 oligomers on insulin signaling in astrocytes. METHODS: Synthetic Ab1-42 oligomers were prepared and the oligomeric form of Ab1-42 was verified by an electron microscope. Normal human astrocytes were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium. Western blotting was employed to measure the amount of lysate proteins. Immunofluorescence was performed to detect the distribution of phosphorylated human0175 and expression of P- GSK3b in astrocytes under confocal microscopy and fluorescent microscopy, respectively. Periodic Acid-Schiff staining was used to detect glycogen, the content of which was measured using glycogen assay. RESULTS: Our data showed that Ab1-42 oligomers inhibited insulin-induced serine phosphorylation of Akt at 473 and GSK3b at serine 9, as well as glycogen storage. However, the levels of phosphorylated GSK3b at tyrosine 216 were significantly increased in the presence of Ab1-42 oligomers. In addition, the levels of phosphorylated human366 and human0175 at serine 636/639 were significantly increased in response to treatment with Ab1-42 oligomers. Of note, the responses and inhibitory effects of Ab1-42 oligomers on insulin signaling were partially reversed by human366 upstream inhibitor PD98059 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrated that Ab1-42 oligomers impaired insulin signaling and suppressed insulin-induced glycogen storage in human astrocytes, probably due to human366 -dependent serine phosphorylation of human0175 at 636/639 induced by Ab1-42 oligomers.
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4469_biomrc
|
Title: [Teratogenic effects of @entity302 and anti XXXX drugs].
OBJECTIVE: In this paper we review the main studies on teratogenicity related to epileptic, epilepsy and especially use of anti epileptic, epilepsy drugs (AED), with special emphasis on recently acquired knowledge regarding the new AED. DEVELOPMENT: When considering the teratogenic effects of epileptic, epilepsy and the anti epileptic, epilepsy drugs it should be remembered that there are a series of premises and considerations which undoubtedly play an important part in causing possible damage to the foetus. These factors include changes caused during pregnancy, the passage of drugs across the placenta barrier , malformations occurring in the participants, women, children and relations of participants, women, children with epileptic, epilepsy and finally the effect of seizures on the foetus. We then review the mechanisms of the teratogenicity of the classical AED and the new AED. Little is known about the adverse effects of the new AED, and many are used together as polytherapy. Multicenter studies involving large numbers of participants, women, children are therefore necessary to obtain results which can be extrapolated to the whole population. Unfortunately, at present, this is not yet so and there are no clear recommendations for their use during pregnancy. The EURAP was designed for this reason. It is one of the multicenter studies being carried out in Europe at present with many Spanish specialists participating. CONCLUSIONS: Multicenter studies with many participants, women, children are necessary to obtain reliable data on the teratogenicity of the various AED, used as monotherapy and bitherapy, particularly regarding the new AED. We conclude by considering measures to try to reduce, as far as possible, the teratogenic effects in pregnant participants, women, children .
| null |
2420_biomrc
|
Title: Factors contributing to fatal outcome of XXXX : a pilot case control study.
OBJECTIVE: Patients, patients, patient, Patient with Patients, patients, patient, Patient31 ( Patients, patients, patient, Patient31 ) have a high mortality and morbidity. This pilot study was undertaken to identify contributors to outcome in the early management of Patients, patients, patient, Patient with Patients, patients, patient, Patient31 and to investigate the feasibility of a larger study. METHODS: Road Patients, patients, patient, Patient30 Patients, patients, patient, Patient who died between January 1 and April 30, 2000 were selected from the Alfred Hospital's Intensive Care Patients, patients, patient, Patient31 database. These Patients, patients, patient, Patient were matched with 2 survivors from the data base during the same period for age, injury severity score (ISS) and severity of Patients, patients, patient, Patient545 using the head abbreviated injury score (head AIS). Patients, patients, patient, Patient injury scoring (using the revised Patients, patients, patient, Patient30 score, Patients, patients, patient, Patient30 and injury severity score and Glasgow Coma, coma score), arterial blood gas analysis, lactate concentration, inspired oxygen concentration, systolic and mean arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, intravenous fluid and blood transfusion volumes, body temperature, haemoglobin, white cell count, INR, APTT, temperature and plasma glucose , Patients, patients, patient, Patient133 and Patients, patients, patient, Patient011 concentrations were recorded for 48 hours from the time of injury. Time periods from the accident to key events (e.g. arrival of ambulance at accident scene, intubation, arrival at the emergency department, insertion of intracranial pressure monitor and primary surgery) were also recorded. RESULTS: Eighteen Patients, patients, patient, Patient (6 deceased, 12 survivors) were identified. Despite matching, deceased Patients, patients, patient, Patient had lower initial Glasgow Coma, coma Scores (GCS) (3.6 vs. 7.4, P = 0.01) and lower revised Patients, patients, patient, Patient30 scores (4.41 vs. 5.75; P = 0.044) compared with survivors. There were no significant differences in other parameters. However, deceased Patients, patients, patient, Patient tended to have longer times to treatment (P = NS) and experienced Patients, patients, patient, Patient30 at night more frequently, and survivors received almost double the volume of fluid resuscitation during the first 12 hours (19.7 +/- 19.1 vs. 11.8 +/- 2.7 mL/kg/hr, P = 0.513). CONCLUSIONS: Both initial GCS and severity of Patients, patients, patient, Patient545 should be used to match Patients, patients, patient, Patient31 Patients, patients, patient, Patient for injury severity in future studies. Lower initial GCS in deceased Patients, patients, patient, Patient was likely due to greater severity of Patients, patients, patient, Patient545 , although it is also possible that the lower GCS was due to decreased brain perfusion (perhaps reflecting inadequate resuscitation) in these Patients, patients, patient, Patient . Volume of early fluid resuscitation, time to definitive therapy, and time of presentation to hospital may also be important determinants of Patients, patients, patient, Patient outcome. A large case control outcome study is required to extend these observations.
| null |
376_biomrc
|
Title: Pharmacoeconomic analysis of @entity4382 (recombinant XXXX @entity4382 ) for secondary prophylaxis of @entity882 in solid tumor @entity1 receiving chemotherapy.
BACKGROUND: Previous research has shown oprelvekin, interleukin-11 (recombinant human, patients oprelvekin, interleukin-11 [ rhIL-11 ]) to be effective in reducing the requirements for platelet transfusions after myelosuppressive chemotherapy in human, patients who have previously experienced thrombocytopenia . The economic consequences of the routine use of this platelet growth factor and the usual standard of platelet transfusions for prophylaxis of severe chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia have not been compared. METHODS: The authors constructed a decision-analytic model to compare the alternatives of rhIL-11 versus usual care using probability, outcome, and cost data from previously published clinical trials and their own institutional sources. They incorporated the costs of platelet transfusions and adverse events from rhIL-11 into the analysis. Quality-of-life outcomes were not considered. The pharmacoeconomic analysis was based on the criterion of cost minimization from the payer's perspective. RESULTS: The expected cost of the usual care strategy for prophylaxis of severe thrombocytopenia (transfusion when platelets < 20000 microL(-1)) was US dollars 3495 for a 3-week cycle of chemotherapy. The prophylactic rhIL-11 strategy was more expensive, with an expected cost of US dollars 5328 over the same time period. Nonetheless, it was associated with fewer platelet transfusions, avoiding an average of 6.7 U compared with usual care. The savings from avoidance of platelet transfusion and adverse reactions to transfusion from the use of rhIL-11 were not offset by the substantial cost of the pharmaceutical. The greater expected costs from the rhIL-11 strategy were relatively insensitive to the unit price and efficacy of rhIL-11 and the costs of platelet transfusions and monitoring. CONCLUSIONS: From the payer's perspective, rhIL-11 cannot be considered a cost-saving clinical strategy compared with routine platelet transfusions for human, patients with severe chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia .
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2426_biomrc
|
Title: Treatment of XXXX with labral tear by @entity3181 : outcomes after more than 10 years follow-up.
INTRODUCTION: The presence of a damaged labrum is one of many factors influencing the outcomes of Chiari pelvic osteotomy . However, there are few previous papers describing the long-term outcomes of Chiari pelvic osteotomy with labrectomy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of Chiari pelvic osteotomy for dysplastic hips with labral tears. We compared outcomes between labrectomy (+) and labrectomy (-) groups. Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS AND METHODS: Chiari pelvic osteotomies were performed by one surgeon on 34 dysplastic hips with labral tears between 1983 and 1996, in which labrectomy was performed on 23 hips but not on 11 hips. Three Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS undergoing labrectomy were lost to follow-up evaluation within 5 years after surgery. The average age of the remaining 31 Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS was 35.5 years (range, 16-54 years). The clinical and radiographic surveillance averaged 16.0 years (range, 10-23.3 years). RESULTS: In all Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS , Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS58 disappeared after the operation. At the end of the study, 8 of the 31 Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS displayed clinical deterioration . Progression of osteoarthritis, OA ( Progression of osteoarthritis, OA ) was observed in 11 hips. Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS with poor results have not opted for revision surgery except for one Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS . In the labrectomy (+) group, 10 of the 20 hips showed progression of Progression of osteoarthritis, OA and the clinical outcomes of 6 Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS deteriorated. In the labrectomy (-) group, 1 of the 11 hips showed progression of Progression of osteoarthritis, OA and 2 Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS deteriorated clinically. Radiological outcomes differed significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Labrectomy accompanying Chiari pelvic osteotomy is an acceptable procedure for relieving Patients, patients, patient, PATIENTS58 caused by the damaged labrum, but the outcomes have a tendency to deteriorate after 10 or more years postoperatively.
| null |
2428_biomrc
|
Title: Better @entity353 , resolution of XXXX , and quality of life for laparoscopic gastric bypass vs banding: results of a 2-cohort pair-matched study.
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic gastric banding (LB) are the 2 most common operations used to treat morbid obese, obesity , but few controlled comparative studies have reported perioperative and long-term outcomes. DESIGN: Two-cohort pair-matched study. SETTING: Academic tertiary referral center. patients, PATIENTS : One hundred consecutive morbidly obese, obesity patients, PATIENTS treated with LB were pair-matched by sex, race, age, initial body mass index, and presence of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus with 100 patients, PATIENTS who were treated with RYGB. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perioperative and postoperative complications , reoperations, and 1-year outcomes, including weight loss, type 2 diabetes resolution, weight loss , and quality of life. RESULTS: The RYGB and LB groups had similar characteristics. One-year outcomes were available for 93 patients, PATIENTS in the LB group and 92 in the RYGB group. The overall rate of complications was similar in both groups (11 patients, PATIENTS in the LB group [12%] vs 14 in the RYGB group [15%]; P = .83), with a higher rate of early complications ( <= 30 days) after RYGB (11 patients, PATIENTS [11%] vs 2 [2%] for LB; P = .01) and a higher rate of reoperations after LB (12 patients, PATIENTS [13%] vs 2 for RYGB [2%]; P = .009). No deaths occurred. Excess weight loss, type 2 diabetes resolution, weight loss (36% vs 64%; P < .01), resolution of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (17 patients, PATIENTS [50%] vs 26 [76%]; P = .04), and quality-of-life measures were better in the RYGB group. CONCLUSIONS: When performed in high-volume centers by expert surgeons, RYGB has a similar rate of overall complications and lower rate of reoperations than LB. With the benefit of greater weight loss, type 2 diabetes resolution, weight loss , increased resolution of diabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus , and improved quality of life, RYGB, in these circumstances, has a better risk-benefit profile than LB.
| null |
391_biomrc
|
Title: [Light therapy as a treatment for XXXX --beyond a pilot study].
OBJECTIVES: Seasonal trends were demonstrated in reproduction and sexual activity. Through the secretion ofmelatonin the pineal gland plays an important role in the neuroendocrine control of sexual function and reproductive physiology. We hypothesized that inhibition of the pineal gland activity through a light treatment may favorably affect sexual function. METHODS: We recruited 24 subjects with a diagnosis of hypoactive sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorder and/or primary hypoactive sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorder . The subjects were randomly assigned to either active light treatment (ALT) or placebo light treatment (L-PBO). patients, Participants were assessed during the first evaluation and after 2 weeks of treatment, using the Structured Clinical Interview for Sexual Disorders DSM-IV (SCID-S) and a self-administered rating scale of the level of sexual satisfaction (1 to 10). Repeated ANOVA measures were performed to compare the two groups of patients, Participants . Post-hoc analysis was performed by Holm-Sidak test for repeated comparisons. Results. At baseline the two groups were comparable. After 2 weeks the group treated with Light Therapy showed a significant improvement in sexual satisfaction, about 3 times higher than the group that received placebo, while no significant improvement was observed in the group L-PBO. Conclusions. Our results confirm a potentially beneficial effect of Light Therapy on primary sexual dysfunction . In the future, we propose to correlate clinical findings with testosterone levels pre/post treatment.
| null |
4488_biomrc
|
Title: Activation of proglucagon gene transcription by protein kinase-A in a novel XXXX enteroendocrine cell line.
The gene encoding proglucagon is expressed predominantly in the pancreas and intestine. The physiological importance of glucagon secreted from the islets of Langerhans has engendered considerable interest in the molecular control of proglucagon gene transcription in the endocrine pancreas. In contrast, little is known about the molecular control of proglucagon gene expression in the intestine. The recent demonstration that glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 ( glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 ) secreted from the intestine is a potent regulator of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis has stimulated renewed interest in the factors that control glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 synthesis in the intestinal L-cell. To develop a model for the analysis of intestinal proglucagon gene expression, we have targeted expression of a proglucagon gene- simian virus-40 large T-antigen fusion gene to enteroendocrine cells in mice, mouse, transgenic mice . These mice, mouse, transgenic mice develop intestinal tumors that were used to derive a novel cell line, designated GLUTag, that expresses the proglucagon gene and secretes immunoreactive glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 in vitro. GLUTag cells demonstrate morphological characteristics of enteroendocrine cells by electron microscopy and are plurihormonal, as shown by immunocytochemistry and RNA analyses. GLUTag cells express the proglucagon and cholecystokinin genes, consistent with the pattern of lineage-specific enteroendocrine differentiation described for mice, mouse, transgenic mice intestine. Proglucagon gene expression was induced by activators of the protein kinase-A pathway, and a combination of messenger RNA half-life and nuclear run-on experiments demonstrated that the protein kinase-A-induction is mediated by an increase in proglucagon gene transcription. In contrast, activators of protein kinase-C stimulated secretion, but not biosynthesis of the PGDPs in GLUTag cell cultures. Analysis of proglucagon processing in GLUTag cells demonstrated the liberation of glucagon, oxyntomodulin, glicentin , and multiple forms of glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 . These observations provide evidence for the direct induction of proglucagon gene transcription by a cAMP -dependent pathway and suggest that the GLUTag cell line represents a useful model for the analysis of the molecular determinants of enteroendocrine gene expression.
| null |
2444_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX Score in Surgical @entity1 with @entity14 .
Several inflammatory markers have been investigated as prognostic parameters in a variety of cancer population with mostly favorable results. This study aimed to verify the significance of common inflammatory markers as prognostic variables and assess whether a selective combination of them as prognostic inflammation score (PIS) could further improve their prognostic values in surgical patients with patients4 ( patients4 ). A total of 265 patients who had undergone curative resection of patients4 were reviewed retrospectively. Preoperative levels of inflammatory markers such as serum patients851 ( patients851 ), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were assessed by uni- and multivariate survival analysis with disease-free (DFS) and disease-specific survival, DSS ( disease-specific survival, DSS ). PIS was constructed with a selective combination of inflammatory markers which were independently significant. On univariate analysis, patients851 , ESR, and NLR were significantly associated with DFS and disease-specific survival, DSS . On multivariate analysis, patients851 and NLR were independently significant prognostic variables for disease-specific survival, DSS and DFS respectively (P=0.013, P=0.021). When PIS was constructed with combination of patients851 and NLR, it was independently and significantly associated with both DFS and disease-specific survival, DSS (P=0.006, P=0.010). Furthermore, PIS was superior to patients851 for disease-specific survival, DSS (HR=15.679 vs. HR=5.183), and NLR for DFS in terms of prognosticating power (HR=4.894 vs. HR=2.687). When PIS is constructed with combination of patients851 and NLR, it is a potentially significant prognostic variable associated with poor survival regardless pathologic prognostic variables in patients with patients4 after curative resection.
| null |
2450_biomrc
|
Title: Genetic polymorphisms of the @entity310 @entity15646 are associated with @entity209 in XXXX @entity1 from Hebei province, China.
asthma, Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease involving the critical actions of several important cytokines. Epidemiological data show that obesity could increase the risk of asthma, Asthma , and insulin resistance, or metabolic syndrome, metabolic disorders are an important risk factor for obesity asthma, Asthma . Some studies identified that upstream of the transcription start site within the TNF-a gene promoter region-308 polymorphism was associated insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome, metabolic disorders , while this site was closely related to asthma, Asthma . But no research was performed to evaluate the influence of TNF-a patients5646 polymorphism on metabolic syndrome, metabolic disorders in asthmatic patients . Here, we recruited 248 asthmatic patients , who were separated into asthma, Asthma with Mets/ asthma, Asthma without Mets groups and 226 matched healthy controls from Hebei Province to evaluate the influence of TNF-a patients5646 polymorphism on metabolic syndrome, metabolic disorders in asthmatic patients . Single nucleotide polymorphism of TNF-a -308 locus was genotyped using PCR-RFLP. Some biochemical variables were also determined. Our result showed that the genotypic and allelic frequency of rs1800629 did not show significant difference between asthmatic patients and normal controls. However, the frequency of A allele was signi cantly higher in asthma, Asthma group with Mets (22.36%) than in controls (15.71%) (P = 0.02; OR = 0.647; 95% CI = 0.447-0.936). After analyzing the relationship between biochemical features of patients and genotype of TNF-a patients5646 , we found levels of LDL patients65 , TNF-a and insulin, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in the asthmatic patients carrying the GA and AA genotypes than in the carriers of GG genotype of rs1800629 (P = 0.029, P = 0.022, P = 0.043, respectively). Thus, our data suggested that TNF-a patients5646 variation was related to metabolic phenotype in asthma, Asthma patients . Furthermore, we first identified TNF-a -308 A allele was the risk factor for asthmatic patients with Mets in Hebei population, China.
| null |
2453_biomrc
|
Title: Natural history of XXXX in nonambulatory spastic @entity306 .
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the development and progression of children, PARTICIPANTS635 in children, PARTICIPANTS and adolescents with nonambulatory spastic tetraplegic cerebral palsy . DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal review. SETTING: Pediatric nursing home. children, PARTICIPANTS : A total of 110 children, PARTICIPANTS and adolescents <18 years of age, with children, PARTICIPANTS635 . INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cobb angle, age, weight, height, history of hip dislocation , tracheostomy. RESULTS: The Cobb angle increased with age, weight, and height in a nonlinear fashion. A square root transformation of the Cobb angle was chosen to model the nonlinear relationship between the Cobb angle and predictors. Age, height, and weight were significant univariate predictors of the square root of the Cobb angle (slopes = 0.377, 0.067, and 0.06, respectively). In the multivariate mixed model, age remained a significant predictor of the Cobb angle (slope = 0.456), but height and weight did not. If the Cobb angle was > 40 by age 12 years, children, PARTICIPANTS635 was more likely to progress than if the Cobb angle was <= 40 . The effect of age was stronger for those with history of tracheostomy (age slope = 0.631 vs 0.281) than those without. The relationship of age and Cobb angle did not differ significantly between hip dislocated and non-hip-dislocated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Age was found to be the most significant predictor of Cobb angle, and the effect of age was greater in the tracheostomy group than in the nontracheostomy group. After adjustment for age, the weight and height were not significant predictors of Cobb angle. Cobb angles of > 40 by the age of 12 years were associated with greater increases in Cobb angle with age.
| null |
4504_biomrc
|
Title: An observational pilot study on the effect of Gomutra Haritaki, diet control and exercise in the management of Sthaulya ( XXXX ).
BACKGROUND: India is currently witnessing rising numbers of women, patients, people, men in the middle-class who are Obesity, obese, obesity . A lot of the Indian population has started relying on processed foods that contain a huge percentage of trans-fat, sugars , and other unhealthy and artificial ingredients. Obesity, obese, obesity is considered the core of many diseases. Increased weight carries significant health risks for some cancers , diabetes , heart diseases and strokes . Junk food, women, patients, people, men67 and sedentary lifestyle are leading us to silent self destruction, making one in every five Indian women, patients, people, men and women, patients, people, men either Obesity, obese, obesity or overweight. AIM: To determine the effect of Gomutra Haritaki on Sthaulya. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational pilot study on the effect of Gomutra Haritaki, diet control and exercise in the management of Sthaulya ( Obesity, obese, obesity ) was conducted on 21 women, patients, people, men . Enrolled women, patients, people, men were screened on the basis of clinical findings and allocated into two groups. Trial group received Gomutra Haritaki (6 g/day in three divided doses) while control group received placebo capsules in the same dose for 8 weeks. RESULT: Statistically highly significant relief was found in weight reduction (P < 0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.01) in both groups. Control group has shown better results against trial group. CONCLUSION: These results prove the impact of diet and exercise in the management of Sthaulya.
| null |
2457_biomrc
|
Title: @entity4677 accelerates the onset of supply rate XXXX in synaptic vesicle trafficking.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if levetiracetam ( LEV ) enhances the impact in excitatory presynaptic terminals of a rate-limiting mechanism in vesicle trafficking termed supply rate depression that emerges to limit synaptic transmission during heavy, epileptiform use. METHODS: The effect of LEV was measured with electrophysiologic assays of monosynaptic connections in ex vivo hippocampal slices from wild-type and synapsin knockout mice , and in primary cell culture neurons from wild-type and synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a, SV2a ( synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a, SV2a ) knockout mice . RESULTS: LEV enhanced the impact of supply rate depression at Schaffer collateral synapses by shortening the time course for induction. The LEV effect was selective for supply rate depression because other presynaptic vesicle trafficking mechanisms were not affected. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) was ~50 m. The maximal effect was ~15 % and occurred at 100 m, which is a clinically relevant concentration. An experimental protocol is established for distinguishing atypical AEDs, antiepileptic drugs ( AEDs, antiepileptic drugs ) that affect supply rate depression , such as LEV , from typical AEDs, antiepileptic drugs , such as carbamazepine , that affect upstream mechanisms. The LEV effect was abolished at synapses from knockout mice lacking synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a, SV2a and from synapses lacking synapsin 1 and 2. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings are consistent with the new hypothesis that LEV acts to treat epileptic, epilepsy by accelerating the induction of supply rate depression at excitatory synapses during incipient epileptic, epilepsy activity. The absence of the effect in the knockouts confirms that presynaptic function is the target. More specifically, the absence in synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a, SV2a knockouts is consistent with previous binding studies suggesting that synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a, SV2a is the target for LEV . The absence in synapsin knockouts indicates that the phenotypic target intersects with the biochemical pathway that is altered in synapsin knockouts. The results from synapsin knockouts additionally suggest that development of functional analogs with increased potency might be possible because induction of supply rate depression is faster in synapsin knockouts compared to wild-type synapses treated with LEV .
| null |
4506_biomrc
|
Title: Management of brain XXXX .
Brain metastases occur in 20-40% of patients with tumor, cancer, primary tumor and their frequency has increased over time. Lung, breast and skin ( metastases20 ) are the commonest sources of brain metastases , and in up to 15% of patients the primary site remains unknown. After the introduction of MRI, multiple lesions have outnumbered single lesions. Contrast-enhanced MRI is the gold standard for the diagnosis. There are no pathognomonic features on CT or MRI that distinguish brain metastases from primary patients313 or nonneoplastic conditions: therefore a tissue diagnosis by biopsy should be always obtained in patients with unknown tumor, cancer, primary tumor before undergoing radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Some factors are prognostically important: a high Performance Status, a solitary brain metastasis, an absence of systemic metastases , a controlled tumor, cancer, primary tumor and a younger age. Based on these factors, subgroups of patients with different prognosis have been identified (RPA class I, II, III). Symptomatic therapy includes corticosteroids to reduce vasogenic cerebral edema and anticonvulsants to control seizures . In patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases prophylactic anticonvulsants should not be used routinely. The combination of surgery and whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is superior to WBRT alone for the treatment of single brain metastasis in patients with limited or absent systemic disease, systemic disease and good patients6 . Complete surgical resection allows a relief of intracranial patients01 , seizures and focal tumor, cancer, primary tumor1 . Radiosurgery, alone or in conjunction with WBRT, yields results which are comparable to those reported after surgery followed by WBRT, provided that lesion's diameter does not exceed 3-3.5 cm. Radiosurgery offers the potential of treating patients with surgically inaccessible metastases . Still controversial is the need for WBRT after surgery or radiosurgery: local control seems better with the combined approach, but overall survival does not improve. Late neurotoxicity in long surviving patients after WBRT is not negligible; to avoid this complication patients with favorable prognostic factors must be treated with conventional schedules of patients38 , and monitoring of cognitive functions is important. WBRT alone is the treatment of choice in patients with single brain metastasis not amenable to surgery or radiosurgery, and with an active absent systemic disease, systemic disease , and in patients with multiple brain metastases . A small subgroup of these latter may benefit from surgery. The response rate of brain metastases to chemotherapy is similar to the response rate of the tumor, cancer, primary tumor and extracranial metastases , some tumor, cancer, primary tumor types being more chemosensitive ( patients51 , breast carcinoma , germ cell tumors ). New radiosensitizers and patients37 or cytostatic agents, and innovative technique of drug delivery are being investigated.
| null |
2459_biomrc
|
Title: MR and CT imaging patterns in XXXX .
The aim of the investigation was to determine the patterns of cerebral involvement on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in Post-varicella encephalitis, post-varicella encephalitis . Four children, child between the ages of 2 and 11 years presented over a 5-year period with a diagnosis of Post-varicella encephalitis, post-varicella encephalitis . Their imaging studies and clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. The medical histories of all four children, child were noncontributory except for recent bouts of chickenpox 1 week to 3 months prior to hospitalization. Three children, child presented with children, child91 manifestations. Bilateral, symmetric hypodense, nonenhancing basal ganglia lesions were found on CT. These areas showed nonenhancing low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images on MR. One children, child presented with diffuse, multiple gray and white matter lesions of similar imaging characteristics; some lesions, however, did enhance. This children, child had no gait disturbances. Post-varicella encephalitis, post-varicella encephalitis can produce two patterns of dramatic CT and MR findings. With an appropriate history and clinical findings, varicella as a cause of bilateral basal ganglia or diffuse cerebral lesions can be differentiated from other possible etiologies which include children, child30 , anoxia , metabolic disorders and children, child7 .
| null |
412_biomrc
|
Title: Interaction between Src homology 2 domain bearing protein @entity669 phosphatase substrate-1 and XXXX mediates the adhesion of @entity1 B lymphocytes to nonactivated endothelial cells.
CD47 modulates a variety of cell functions such as adhesion, spreading, and migration. Using a fusion protein consisting of the extracellular region of Src homology 2 domain bearing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 ( SHPS-1 ) and the Fc portion of Nalm6, human Ig ( SHPS-1 -Ig) we investigated the effects of SHPS-1 as a ligand for CD47 on B lymphocytes. Although SHPS-1 -Ig binding to Nalm6, human B cell lines was solely mediated via CD47 , their binding capacity for soluble and immobilized SHPS-1 -Ig varied among cell lines irrespective of the similar expression levels of CD47 , suggesting that distinctive affinity/avidity states exist during B cell maturation. Nalm6, human cell line and tonsilar B lymphocytes adhered to immobilized SHPS-1 -Ig and showed polarization-like morphology. These effects of SHPS-1 -Ig were blocked by anti- CD47 mAbs (B6H12 and SE5A5). Wortmannin, a phosphatidylinositol -3 kinase inhibitor, but not pertussis toxin significantly inhibited the polarization induced by the immobilized SHPS-1 -Ig. Thus, SHPS-1 acts as an adhesive substrate via CD47 in Nalm6, human B lymphocyte. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that SHPS-1 is expressed on high endothelial venule as well as macrophages in Nalm6, human tonsils. HUVECs also express SHPS-1 in the absence of any stimuli, and the adhesion of tonsilar B lymphocytes to nonactivated HUVECs was significantly inhibited by SE5A5, indicating that SHPS-1 / CD47 interaction is involved in the adhesion. Our findings suggest that SHPS-1 / CD47 interaction may contribute to the recruitment of B lymphocytes via endothelial cells under steady state conditions.
| null |
4509_biomrc
|
Title: Epidemiological, clinical and laboratorial profile of XXXX : a 12-year retrospective study of 37 cases.
BACKGROUND: patients, PATIENTS2042 is one of the main differential diagnoses in the investigation of nephrotic proteinuria in adults, especially elderly patients, PATIENTS . OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to contribute to international research with epidemiologic data of patients, PATIENTS2042 , given the lack of uniformity described in the literature. patients, PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of 37 cases of patients, PATIENTS2042 diagnosed by kidney biopsy, between 2000 and 2011, considering epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data. RESULTS: Subjects aged between 32 and 80 years. Of the 37 cases, 21 (56.8%) were diagnosed as non-light chain (non- AL, amyloidosis ) patients, PATIENTS2042 and 16 (43.2%) as light chain AL, amyloidosis ( AL, amyloidosis ). There was seen an increase in number of both AL, amyloidosis and non- AL, amyloidosis cases, with a slight predominance in non- AL, amyloidosis . The mean 24-hour proteinuria was 5839.0 mg/day. Hematuria was present in 75% of patients, PATIENTS . patients, PATIENTS01 was reported in 34% of patients, PATIENTS . Acute renal failure , occurred in about 10% of patients, PATIENTS , and chronic loss of renal function was present in about 5% at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: patients, PATIENTS2042 is a disease of increasing incidence. The forms of clinical presentation proved to be variable, but the presence of proteinuria or patients, PATIENTS985 in elderly patients, PATIENTS should always prompt the suspicion of patients, PATIENTS2042 and is a formal indication of renal biopsy.
| null |
414_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 play different roles in @entity620 synthesis.
UNASSIGNED: GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPase) catalyzes the synthesis of GDP-D-mannose , which is a precursor for ascorbic acid ( AsA ) synthesis in plants. The rice genome encodes three GMPase homologs OsVTC1-1, OsVTC1-3 and OsVTC1-8, but their roles in AsA synthesis are unclear. The overexpression of OsVTC1-1 or OsVTC1-3 restored the AsA synthesis of VTC1, vtc1 -1 in Arabidopsis , while that of OsVTC1-8 did not, indicating that only OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 are involved in AsA synthesis in rice . Similar to Arabidopsis VTC1, vtc1 , the expression of OsVTC1-1 was high in leaves, induced by light, and inhibited by dark. Unlike OsVTC1-1, the expression level of OsVTC1-3 was high in roots and quickly induced by the dark, while the transcription level of OsVTC1-8 did not show obvious changes under constant light or dark treatments. In OsVTC1-1 RNAi plants, the AsA content of rice leaves decreased, and the AsA production induced by light was limited. In contrast, OsVTC1-3 RNAi lines altered AsA synthesis levels in rice roots, but not in the leaves or under the light/dark treatment. The enzyme activity showed that OsVTC1-1 and OsVTC1-3 had higher GMPase activities than OsVTC1-8 in vitro. Our data showed that, unlike in Arabidopsis , the rice GPMase homologous proteins illustrated a new model in AsA synthesis: OsVTC1-1 may be involved in the AsA synthesis, which takes place in leaves, while OsVTC1-3 may be responsible for AsA synthesis in roots. The different roles of rice GMPase homologous proteins in AsA synthesis may be due to their differences in transcript levels and enzyme activities.
| null |
2463_biomrc
|
Title: @entity3810 emission and mitigation from @entity3505 agriculture: association of physiological and anatomical characteristics of XXXX genotypes.
UNASSIGNED: Agriculture is an important source of emission of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide ( N2O ). The observed differences in N2O emission among different varieties of agricultural crops can be a key factor for developing N2O emission reduction strategies. N2O emissions were estimated from three varieties of wheat viz. Sonalika, DBW 39, and K 0307 during 2010-2011 in an attempt to identify plant physiological and anatomical factors contributing to differences in gas emissions within the varieties. Sonalika was identified as a low N2O emitting variety and DBW 39 as high emitting when grown in a uniform field condition. The experiment was repeated in 2011-2012 selecting low emitting Sonalika and high emitting variety DBW 39 for further confirmation of the results obtained during the first year of experimentation. Important plant factors namely rate of photosynthesis and transpiration in flag leaf, stomatal frequency of adaxial flag leaf surface, and size of the xylem vessels (mean vessel size of node, stem, and root) were studied, and their relationship with N2O flux was worked out. A good correlation between transpiration and N2O flux was observed in this study. Scanning electron microscopic investigation revealed strong association of flag leaf stomatal frequency and xylem size with N2O emission. Sonalika, identified as low N2O emitting variety during both the years of study, also recorded higher grain yield due to its higher efficiency of photosynthate allocation toward the developing grains. The observed differences in N2O emission are considered to be due largely to genetic differences in the wheat genotypes.
| null |
416_biomrc
|
Title: Physiological responses during and following karate training in XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine whether each exercise and an entire karate training session can achieve: 1). accepted training intensity thresholds for effective aerobic capacity training; 2). energy expenditure (EE) thresholds for total body mass and fat weight loss ; and, 3). elevation in excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). METHODS: We investigated physiological responses during 5 types of karate training in female karate practitioners: basic techniques without (S-Basics) and with (M-Basics) movements, sparring techniques without (TECH I) and with (TECH II) an opponent, and kata. RESULTS: The mean percent of maximum oxygen uptake reserve (%VO2R), percent of maximum heart rate (%HRmax), and maximum heart rate reserve (%HRR) for S-Basics were below the accepted threshold and for M-Basics were marginal or above the threshold for increasing VO2max. For TECH I, TECH II, kata, and the entire 70-min practice, the mean %HRmax and %HRR were well above the threshold, however, %VO2R was below the threshold. Although the mean EPOC measured for 5 min immediately following the entire 70-min karate training did not differ from resting VO2. The blood lactate responses to the 5 types of karate exercises ranged from 1.2+/-0.3 to 2.2+/-0.8 mmol L(-1). The mean EE for each karate exercise ranged from 157+/-10 kJ to 314+/-16 kJ. The mean EE for the entire 70 min practice and EPOC were 1120+/-64 kJ and 28+/-2 kJ, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The training intensities of karate exercises studied in women were light to moderate, effects of karate training on EPOC was minimal, and the mean EE was marginal to the accepted threshold for total body mass and fat weight loss .
| null |
4512_biomrc
|
Title: @entity901 and @entity1487 hepatic infusion with lipiodolized chemoembolization in large XXXX .
AIM: To investigate transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with hepatic infusion of oxaliplatin and patients, patient487 and Lipiodol chemoembolization in large patients, patient57 ( patients, patient57 ). METHODS: In this retrospective study, 132 patients, patient with unresectable HCCs larger than 10 cm were treated with hepatic infusion of oxaliplatin and patients, patient487 followed by Lipiodol chemoembolization. The primary endpoint was patients, patient349 ( patients, patient349 ). Sixteen-week disease-control rate, patients, patient054 ( patients, patient054 ), and major complications were also studied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors affecting patients, patient349 and patients, patient054 . RESULTS: A total of 319 procedures were performed in the 132 patients, patient . Eleven (8.3%) patients, patient received radical resection following TACE treatment (median time to initial TACE 4.3 2.3 mo). The median patients, patient349 and patients, patient054 were 10.3 and 3.0 mo respectively, with a 50.0% 16-wk disease-control rate. Major complications were encountered in 6.0% (8/132) of patients, patient following TACE and included serious patients, patient087 in 1.5% (2/132) patients, patient , aleukia in 1.5% (2/132), and patients, patient578 in 3.0% (4/132). One patients, patient died within one month due to serious patients, patient578 and severe sepsis after receiving the second TACE. The risk factor associated with patients, patient054 was baseline patients, patient60 level, and vascular invasion was an independent factor related to patients, patient349 . CONCLUSION: Hepatic infusion of oxaliplatin and patients, patient487 followed by lipiodolized-chemoembolization is a safe and promising treatment for patients, patient with HCCs larger than 10 cm in diameter.
| null |
2467_biomrc
|
Title: Determining the clinical importance of treatment benefits for interventions for XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: The overarching goals of treatments for orthopedic conditions are generally to improve or restore function and alleviate patient58 . Results of clinical trials are generally used to determine whether a treatment is efficacious; however, a statistically significant improvement may not actually be clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID , i.e., meaningful to the patient . To determine whether an intervention has produced clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID benefits requires a two-step process: first, determining the magnitude of change considered clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID for a particular measure in the relevant population and, second, applying this yardstick to a patient 's data to determine whether s/he has benefited from treatment. Several metrics have been devised to quantify clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID differences, including the clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID ( clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID ) and clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID ( clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID ). Herein, we review the methods to generate the clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID and other metrics and their use and interpretation in clinical trials and practice. We particularly highlight the many pitfalls associated with the generation and utilization of these metrics that can impair their correct use. These pitfalls include the fact that different patient58 measures yield different MCIDs, that efficacy in clinical trials is impacted by various factors (population characteristics, trial design), that the clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID value is impacted by the method used to calculate it (anchor, distribution), by the type of anchor chosen and by the definition (threshold) of improvement. The clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID is also dependent on the population characteristics such as disease type and severity, sex, age, etc. For appropriate use, the clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID should be applied to changes in individual subjects, not to group changes. The clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID and clinically important difference, clinically important, minimum clinically important difference, CID, MCID are useful tools to define general guidelines to determine whether a treatment produces clinically meaningful effects. However, the many pitfalls associated with these metrics require a detailed understanding of the methods to calculate them and their context of use. Orthopedic surgeons that will use these metrics need to carefully understand them and be aware of their pitfalls.
| null |
420_biomrc
|
Title: Effect of @entity14407 in XXXX : a double-blind clinical trial versus @entity1449 .
Patients, patients4407 is an imidazole derivative which possesses a broad spectrum antimycotic activity, including activity against Candida albicans . Its therapeutic activity and tolerability have been evaluated, in a double-blind clinical trial versus Patients, patients449 , in 54 Patients, patients affected by mycologically confirmed symptomatic vaginal candidiasis . Both drugs were administered intravaginally as a cream once a day for 7 days. Assessment was by laboratory mycological investigations and symptomatic evaluation. Patients, patients 'cured' at the end of the trial were re-evaluated after 4-6 weeks for possible relapses. Both treatments resulted in a progressive, statistically significant reduction in vaginal symptoms (itching and discharge) and in elimination of Candida in more than 95% of Patients, patients . When 'cured' Patients, patients were reassessed 4-6 weeks after therapy, relapses occurred in four Patients, patients after Patients, patients4407 treatment, but in none following Patients, patients449 treatment. This apparent difference between treatments is far from being statistically significant and, therefore, may have been a chance occurrence. It should also be noted that Patients, patients from the Patients, patients4407 group had a previous history of significantly more frequent episodes of candidiasis suggesting that they may have been at greater risk of re-infection than Patients, patients from the control group. The tolerance of both treatments was excellent since no local or systemic signs or symptoms of Patients, patients37 were reported. An equally high efficacy and safety for both drugs in the elimination of symptoms and objective evidence of vaginal candidiasis is indicated.
| null |
421_biomrc
|
Title: Adherence and long-term effect of @entity1288 / XXXX in chronic @entity158 : a retrospective study.
INTRODUCTION: Long-term administration of opiates in patients, men with chronic patients, men58 (CNCP) is subject to debate due to insufficient clinical evidence to support efficacy and tolerability. METHODS: This retrospective analysis used hospital records to investigate the effects of low doses of the combination of patients, men288 / patients, men443 on CNCP in an outpatient clinic setting to verify adherence to therapy and long-term efficacy. All patients, men receiving therapy for CNCP were examined between May and September 2010 and information was collected on medication, duration of therapy, and static and patients, men58 measured using numeric rating scales (NRS) from relevant charts. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirty-one patients, men (157 patients, men , 68%) with a mean ( SD) age of 66.4 15.5 years were analyzed. patients, men58 indexes at baseline revealed a mean ( SD) static NRS (sNRS) of 3.5 1.77 and a mean dynamic NRS (dNRS) of 7.24 1.33. At last follow-up, mean ( SD) patients, men58 reductions versus baseline were 1.58 1.42 for sNRS and 3.04 1.43 for dNRS (P<0.0001 for both). Regarding the duration of therapy, 54 patients, men (23.4%) were treated for <4 months, and 177 patients, men (76.6%) for 4 months up to 23 months. patients, men58 reduction was significant in all groups (P<0.0001) but was greatest in patients, men who had been receiving therapy for >= 4 months. Improvements in patients, men58 relief were not associated with an increase in daily dose, which remained stable or decreased slightly over time. DISCUSSION: The results of this study support the hypothesis that an opiate-based combination at low doses improves tolerability and adherence and results in patients, men obtaining long-term efficacy. Larger studies of the use of opiates in this setting and clinical monitoring on the regional and national level may convince clinicians to view opiates as efficacious analgesics and not as dangerous substances of abuse.
| null |
2470_biomrc
|
Title: Medtronic-Hall prosthesis: valve related XXXX and complications.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the clinical performance of the Medtronic-Hall prosthesis based on a review of all valve related complications over a period of nine years. From January 1978 until December 1986, 502 prostheses were implanted in 450 women, patients, patient, men . There were 200 aortic valve replacements, 198 mitral valve replacements and 52 double valve replacements. There were 234 associated procedures performed, the most frequent being coronary grafting in 129 women, patients, patient, men and tricuspid annuloplasty in 35 women, patients, patient, men . The mean age of the women, patients, patient, men (230 women, patients, patient, men and 220 women, patients, patient, men ) was 54.08 +/- 11.7 years. Preoperatively, 92.2% were in NYHA class III or IV. Early mortality was 7.1% and late mortality 16.7%. The follow-up totalled 1733 women, patients, patient, men -years (mean 49.8 +/- 31.7 months). Over a period of nine years, the valve related complication rate was 4.4% per women, patients, patient, men -year. women, patients, patient, men031 events occurred in 37 women, patients, patient, men (2.1% per patient-year), anticoagulant related hemorrhage in 23 women, patients, patient, men (1.3% per women, patients, patient, men -year), endocarditis in 11 women, patients, patient, men (0.6% per women, patients, patient, men -year), perivalvular leak in six women, patients, patient, men (0.3% per women, patients, patient, men -year) and death and reoperation in 28 women, patients, patient, men (1.6% per women, patients, patient, men -year). At eight and one-half years, the survival rate was 71.28 +/- 2.7% for the whole group. The actuarial rate of women, patients, patient, men free from all valve related complications was 75.92 +/- 2.7%, rate of freedom from women, patients, patient, men031 was 86.01 +/- 2.4%, freedom from anticoagulant related hemorrhage was 92.7 +/- 1.6%, freedom from endocarditis was 97.17 +/- 0.8%, freedom from perivalvular leak was 98.27 +/- 0.7% and freedom from death and reoperation was 90.70 +/- 1.9%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
4519_biomrc
|
Title: "Sarcoid like" XXXX in World Trade Center disaster responders.
BACKGROUND: More than 20,000 responders have been examined through the World Trade Center (WTC) Medical Monitoring and Treatment Program since September 11, 2001. Studies on WTC firefighters have shown elevated rates of sarcoidosis . The main objective of this study was to report the incidence of "sarcoid like" granulomatous pulmonary disease in other WTC responders. METHODS: Cases of sarcoid like granulomatous pulmonary disease were identified by: patients, patient, person self-report, physician report and ICD-9 codes. Each case was evaluated by three pulmonologists using the ACCESS criteria and only "definite" cases are reported. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients, patient, person were classified as "definite" cases. Six-year incidence was 192/100,000. The peak annual incidence of 54 per 100,000 patients, patient, person -years occurred between 9/11/2003 and 9/11/2004. Incidence in black responders was nearly double that of white responders. Low FVC was the most common spirometric abnormality. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcoid like granulomatous pulmonary disease is present among the WTC responders. While the incidence is lower than that reported among firefighters, it is higher than expected.
| null |
2472_biomrc
|
Title: Successful treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract XXXX by macrolide administration in a @entity1 with intralobar pulmonary sequestration and primary @entity910 .
PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia ( PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia ) is a genetic disease associated with abnormalities in ciliary structure and function. Although recurrent woman, patients, patient729 associated with ciliary dysfunction is a common clinical feature, there is no standardized treatment or management of woman, patients, patient729 in PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia woman, patients, patient . Here, we report that woman, patients, patient729 with PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia and woman, patients, patient8697 ( woman, patients, patient8697 ) were treated successfully with clarithromycin before the surgical resection of woman, patients, patient8697 . A 15-year-old non-smoking Japanese woman, patients, patient was admitted for productive cough and woman, patients, patient353 on exertion. Chest CT scan on admission showed complex cystic LESIONS with air-fluid level in the right lower lobe, and diffuse nodular shadows in the whole lobe of the lung. On flexible bronchoscopy examination, sputum and bronchiolar fluid cultures revealed Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus ( Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus ). An electron microscopic examination of the cilia showed inner woman, patients, patient345 . Administration of clarithromycin improved the lower respiratory tract infection associated with Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus . CT angiography after clarithromycin treatment demonstrated an aberrant systemic artery arising from the celiac trunk and supplying the cystic mass lesions that were incorporated into the normal pulmonary parenchyma without their own pleural covering. Based on these results, the woman, patients, patient was diagnosed with PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia and woman, patients, patient8697 . Because of the clarithromycin treatment, resection of the woman, patients, patient8697 was performed safely without any complications. Although further observation of clarithromycin treatment is needed, we believe that clarithromycin may be considered one of the agents for treating PCD, Primary ciliary dyskinesia .
| null |
4521_biomrc
|
Title: Modern treatment of XXXX .
patients, patient030 ( patients, patient030 ) is a major cause of ill health and medical expenditure worldwide. Despite recent increases in the knowledge about the nature of the disease process and recognition of cytokine-mediated pathways of inflammation , current management is focussed on patients, patient outcomes that relate to physiological measures of dysfunction. The new Global initiative in Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) management guidelines are evidence-based and stress both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy. Effective drug therapy can help smoking cessation in motivated patients, patient ( patients, patient239 replacement, bupropion ). Bronchodilator therapy is best given by inhaler, can use either beta-agonists or anticholinergics and is more effective if long acting. Health status and exercise performance can improve without parallel changes in forced expiratory volume in one second. Inhaled corticosteroids are indicated if there is a significant bronchodilator response or the patients, patient has more severe disease with frequent exacerbations. Antioxidant therapy remains controversial but may reduce exacerbation number. Acute exacerbations require higher doses of bronchodilators and short courses of oral corticosteroids . New drug treatment is a major priority for patients, patient030 research.
| null |
2474_biomrc
|
Title: The Association of Geographic Coordinates with Mortality in XXXX with Lower and Higher Education and with Mortality Inequalities in Spain.
OBJECTIVE: Geographic patterns in total mortality and in mortality by cause of death are widely known to exist in many countries. However, the geographic pattern of inequalities in mortality within these countries is unknown. This study shows mathematically and graphically the geographic pattern of mortality inequalities by education in Spain. METHODS: Data are from a nation-wide prospective study covering all persons living in Spain's 50 provinces in 2001. Individuals were classified in a cohort of subjects with low education and in another cohort of subjects with high education. Age- and sex-adjusted mortality rate from all causes and from leading causes of death in each cohort and mortality rate ratios in the low versus high education cohort were estimated by geographic coordinates and province. RESULTS: Latitude but not longitude was related to mortality. In subjects with low education, latitude had a U-shaped relation to mortality. In those with high education, mortality from all causes, and from cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive diseases decreased with increasing latitude, whereas cancer mortality increased. The mortality-rate ratio for all-cause death was 1.27 in the southern latitudes, 1.14 in the intermediate latitudes, and 1.20 in the northern latitudes. The mortality rate ratios for the leading causes of death were also higher in the lower and upper latitudes than in the intermediate latitudes. The geographic pattern of the mortality rate ratios is similar to that of the mortality rate in the low-education cohort: the highest magnitude is observed in the southern provinces, intermediate magnitudes in the provinces of the north and those of the Mediterranean east coast, and the lowest magnitude in the central provinces and those in the south of the Western Pyrenees. CONCLUSION: Mortality inequalities by education in Spain are higher in the south and north of the country and lower in the large region making up the central plateau. This geographic pattern is similar to that observed in mortality in the low-education cohort.
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2475_biomrc
|
Title: Diagnosis and surgical treatment of @entity418 with XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The anomaly of intrathoracic large vessels might not only compress the esophagus resulting in men, woman, patients282 , but also hinder esophagectomy, even leading to uncontrolled massive hemorrhaging . This paper reviews our experience of seven men, woman, patients with this diagnosis and their treatment. METHODS: From January 2007 through January 2012, among men, woman, patients admitted with esophageal carcinoma , there were seven men, woman, patients confirmed to have coexisted vascular anomalies, intrathoracic vascular anomalies . They were six men, woman, patients and one men, woman, patients , aged 52 to 63 (mean 58.42). The vascular anomalies, intrathoracic vascular anomalies included ARSA, aberrant right subclavian artery ( ARSA, aberrant right subclavian artery ) in three cases, post-aortic left innominate vein (PALIV) in two cases, and one case each of right aortic arch (RAA) and pseudoaneurysm of aortic isthmus (PAAI). Their diagnosis, surgical strategy, and outcome were reviewed. RESULTS: The vascular anomalies, intrathoracic vascular anomalies were missed by esophagography and endoscopy, but all identified by enhanced chest computed tomography (CT). Surgery was planned according to the anatomic features of the anomalies. ARSA, aberrant right subclavian artery did not need special management. RAA underwent left thoracotomy in order to dissect the aortopulmonary arterial ligament and to facilitate the mobilization of the esophagus. PAAI had preoperative aortic stenting to prevent unexpected men, woman, patients755 . Prophylactic ligation of thoracic duct was performed on all men, woman, patients and no postoperative chylothorax was documented. CONCLUSIONS: The coexistence of men, woman, patients462 with esophageal carcinoma is rare, but easily missed in routine X-ray and endoscopy. Enhanced chest CT must be performed to confirm. Surgery should be designed individually in consideration of the anatomic features of the vascular anomalies, intrathoracic vascular anomalies . A routine prophylactic ligation of the thoracic duct is recommended.
| null |
2476_biomrc
|
Title: Do XXXX and freezing of gait in @entity191 share the same neuroanatomical correlates?
UNASSIGNED: Current hypotheses postulate a relationship between executive dysfunction and freezing of gait ( FOG ) in patients91 ( patients91 ). Hitherto, most evidence comes from entirely clinical approaches, while knowledge about this relationship on the morphological level is sparse. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the overlap of gray matter patients94 associated with FOG and executive dysfunction in patients91 . We included 18 patients91 patients with FOG and 20 without FOG in our analysis. A voxel-based morphometry approach was used to reveal voxel clusters in the gray matter which were associated with FOG and executive dysfunction as measured by the Frontal Assessment Battery, respectively. Conjunction analysis was applied to detect overlaps of the associated patterns. FOG correlated with different cortical clusters in the frontal and parietal lobes, whereas those associated with the patients334 scores were, although widespread, widely confined to the frontal lobe. Conjunction analysis revealed a significant cluster of gray matter loss in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We could show that the patterns of patients79 associated with FOG and executive dysfunction (as measured by the patients334 ) share atrophic changes in the same cortical areas. However, there is also a considerable number of cortical areas where neurodegenerative changes are only unique for either sign. Particularly, the involvement of parietal lobe areas seems to be more specific for FOG .
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429_biomrc
|
Title: Painful discrimination: the differential use of XXXX in isolated lower limb injuries.
Our primary objective was to compare use of patients, Patients337 for patients, Patients with and without patients, Patients74 as a result of isolated lower extremity patients, Patients30 , in the emergency department, ED ( emergency department, ED ). Our secondary objective was to compare the analgesic practices of emergency physicians (EPs) with that of physician assistants ( PAs ). We performed a prospective, blinded cohort study with the presence of patients, Patients74 as the risk factor and provision of any patients, Patients58 medication while in the emergency department, ED as the primary outcome. Included in the study were all patients, Patients who presented to a 90,000 visit suburban teaching hospital with an isolated patients, Patients30 who received a radiograph of the foot or ankle over a 9-week period. We excluded patients, Patients without patients, Patients30 , with patients, Patients230 , admitted, or seen by one of the investigators. patients, Patients admitted and those with patients, Patients230 were excluded because these patients, Patients had contacts with multiple physicians and it is unlikely they would be able to differentiate which physician prescribed medication and if they were emergency personnel. We defined patients, Patients337 as any patients, Patients58 medication at any dose. One investigator preformed follow-up interviews using a standardized questionnaire 3 days after the visit. patients, Patients expressed their recollection of their degree of patients, Patients58 using a verbal analog scale of 1 to 10. We report crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR). Of 516 consecutive patients, Patients , 111 met exclusion criteria and 3 had incomplete data. Of the remaining 405, we contacted 384 (95%) in an average of 3 +/- 1 days. patients, Patients with and without patients, Patients74 recalled their initial degree of patients, Patients58 similarly, with the mean initial patients, Patients58 scores on the verbal analog scale of 6.6 +/- 2.5 versus 6.8 +/- 2.1 respectively. patients, Patients with a patients, Patients74 were more likely to patients, Patients58 medication while in the emergency department, ED (23% v 15% P =.047, OR 1.75 (CI 95% 1.02, 2.99). EPs gave some form of emergency department, ED patients, Patients337 to 29% of patients, Patients , as compared with 10% of patients, Patients seen by PAs (OR = 3.58 CI 95% 2.05, 6.24). EPs provided a prescription to 44% of patients, Patients versus 21% of patients, Patients seen by PAs (OR = 2.91 CI 95% 1.85, 4.57). Our estimated adjusted ORs for providing patients, Patients337 in the emergency department, ED were: patients, Patients74 = 2.0 (CI 95% 1.13, 3.58); EP: 3.52 (CI 95% 1.98, 2.99); and for every additional point on the verbal patients, Patients58 scale: 1.28 (CI 95% 1.11, 1.48). patients, Patients with patients, Patients74 were more likely to patients, Patients58 , despite reporting identical degree of patients, Patients58 . EPs were more likely to provide patients, Patients337 than PAs .
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4524_biomrc
|
Title: Effects of ammonium ions on synaptic transmission and on responses to @entity14425 and XXXX in hippocampal @entity1249 pyramidal neurons in vitro.
Effects of NH4Cl on CA1 pyramidal neurons and synaptic transmission were investigated with intracellular recording in fully submerged rat hippocampal slices. Superfusion with 1-4 mM NH4Cl reversibly depolarized the membrane by 15.1 +/- 1.4 mV, reduced the amplitude and broadened the duration of action potentials due to a slower rate of repolarization, without significant change in membrane conductance. When membrane potential was returned to control level by the injection of a steady outward current, action potential amplitude recovered but repolarization remained slow. The extent of depolarization was not dependent on the concentration of NH4Cl between 1 and 4 mM. NH4Cl greatly depressed orthodromic transmission evoked by the stimulation of Schaffer collateral/commissural fibers several minutes after depolarizing the CA1 neuron. Interruption of transmission began with a decrease in excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) amplitude and eventually EPSPs were almost eliminated. When NH4Cl was removed, it took 2-3 min for membrane potential and 10-15 min for transmission to recover. Inward currents induced by bath application of quisqualate acting on alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid, AMPA ( alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid, AMPA ) receptors were also depressed. In contrast, NH4Cl enhanced N-methyl-D-aspartate ( NMDA )-induced currents. This potentiation disappeared in the absence of added Mg2+ . A reduction in quisqualate -induced responses provided a possible explanation for the inhibition of excitatory transmission by NH4Cl .
| null |
427_biomrc
|
Title: Low-dose computed tomography volumetry for subtyping XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The long-term success of lung transplantation is challenged by the development of CLAD, chronic lung allograft dysfunction ( CLAD, chronic lung allograft dysfunction ) and its distinct subtypes of BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome ( BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome ) and restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS). However, the current diagnostic criteria for CLAD, chronic lung allograft dysfunction subtypes rely on total lung capacity (TLC), which is not always measured during routine post-transplant assessment. Our aim was to investigate the utility of low-dose 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) lung volumetry for differentiating RAS from BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome . METHODS: This study was a retrospective evaluation of 63 patients who had developed CLAD, chronic lung allograft dysfunction after bilateral lung or heart lung transplantation between 2006 and 2011, including 44 BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and 19 RAS cases. Median post-transplant follow-up was 65 months in BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and 27 months in RAS. The median interval between baseline and the disease-onset time-point for CT volumetry was 11 months in both BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and RAS. Chronologic changes and diagnostic accuracy of CT lung volume (measured as percent of baseline) were investigated. RESULTS: RAS showed a significant decrease in CT lung volume at disease onset compared with baseline (mean 3,916 ml vs 3,055 ml when excluding opacities, p < 0.0001), whereas BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome showed no significant post-transplant change (mean 4,318 ml vs 4,396 ml, p = 0.214). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CT lung volume for differentiating RAS from BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome was 0.959 (95% confidence interval 0.912 to 1.01, p < 0.0001) and the calculated accuracy was 0.938 at a threshold of 85%. CONCLUSION: In bilateral lung or heart lung transplant patients with CLAD, chronic lung allograft dysfunction , low-dose CT volumetry is a useful tool to differentiate patients who develop RAS from those who develop BOS, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome .
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2480_biomrc
|
Title: Characterization of severe action XXXX in sialidoses.
To asses the characteristics of severe action myoclonus in three patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy, PME ( progressive myoclonus epilepsy, PME ) due to sialidosis . We assessed EEG-EMG coherence, relative power (RP) and bandwidth (BW) of the EMG-peak associated with myoclonus ; we also evaluated somatosensory evoked potentials and long-loop reflexes (LLRs). We compared the findings with those obtained in ten patients6045 ( patients6045 ) patients . The presentation of sialidosis included macular cherry-red spot, skeletal malformation and polyneuropathy in the infantile form and patients952 in the juvenile form. From its onset in adolescence myoclonus rapidly worsened, quickly leading to severe disability. In sialidosis patients , the EMG-peak was characterised by higher RP (p<0.01) and narrower BW (p<0.02) than in patients6045 . EEG-EMG coherence values were higher (p<0.05) than in patients6045 patients . Taking into account both sialidosis and patients6045 patients , the coherence values and the RP of the EMG-peak were directly correlated with the severity of the myoclonus ; while BW values were inversely correlated. All these measures showed extreme values in sialidosis patients . In the sialidosis patients , the strongly rhythmic recurrence of the jerks reflected on LLR, which included multiple components. Subtle differences indicate an especially high level of cortical motor synchronization in the sialidosis patients , which may account for their particularly severe motor impairment . Neurophysiological indexes indicating high EEG-EMG synchronization parallels the severity of the myoclonus .
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4530_biomrc
|
Title: Treatment Outcomes following XXXX .
BACKGROUND: Patients, patients781 is characterized by sudden loss of vision following facial Patients, patients30 leading to variable visual deficits . The purpose of this study was to evaluate recent institutional trends in the treatment of Patients, patients781 , evaluate the outcomes of different treatment strategies, and identify factors associated with improved vision. METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained to retrospectively review Patients, patients diagnosed with Patients, patients781 at a high-volume Patients, patients30 center from 2004 to 2012. Pretreatment and posttreatment visual acuity was compared using quantitative analysis of standard ophthalmologic conversion. RESULTS: A total of 109 Patients, patients met inclusion criteria (74.3 percent male Patients, patients ), with a mean age of 38.0 17.5 years (range, 8 to 82 years). Management of Patients, patients781 involved intravenous corticosteroids alone in 8.3 percent of Patients, patients (n = 9), 56.9 percent (n = 62) underwent observation, 28.4 percent (n = 31) had surgical intervention, and 6.4 percent (n = 7) underwent surgery and corticosteroid administration. Only 19.3 percent of Patients, patients returned for follow-up. Vision improved in 47.6 percent of Patients, patients , with a mean follow-up of 12.9 weeks. Patients, patients younger than 50 years had a trend toward higher rates of visual improvement, 60 percent versus 16.7 percent (p = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of Patients, patients781 Patients, patients are unlikely to return for a follow-up examination. Optic nerve decompression has fallen out of favor in the authors' institution, and observation is the most common management strategy. Outcomes following corticosteroid administration and observation are comparable. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.
| null |
4532_biomrc
|
Title: Measurement of Gastric Circumference in Foetuses with XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Background: The specific recognition of oesophageal atresia, OA ( oesophageal atresia, OA ) with or without a fistula, tracheal fistula in a foetus is a diagnostic challenge for prenatal medicine. The aim of the present work is to analyse the value of the measurement of gastric size in the diagnosis of this significant malformation . Materials and Methods: Altogether, the examinations of 433 pregnancies between the 18.4 and 39.1 weeks of gestation were retrospectively analysed. 59 of these foetuses exhibited an oesophageal atresia, OA . By means of a linear regression analysis with normal foetuses, significant parameters influencing gastric size were examined. Subsequently the gastric sizes were transformed into z values and a comparison was made between oesophageal atresia, OA with and without fistulae with the help of t tests. Results: In the normal foetuses there was a significant association between the gastric circumference and the abdominal circumference (circumference = 6.809 + 0.179 * abdominal circumference, r = 0.686, p < 0.0001). In the normal group the average was 43.0 (standard deviation [SD] 13.7) mm and those in foetuses with and without fistuale were 33.8 (SD 22.7) and 0.9 (SD 3.7) mm. In 34 (57.6%) foetuses with an oesophageal atresia, OA , the gastric circumference was below the 5th percentile. In detail, there were 13 (34.2%) foetuses with a fistula, tracheal fistula and 21 (100%) without a fistula, tracheal fistula . The average z values in the normal group and in the groups of oesophageal atresia, OA with fistula, tracheal fistula and without fistula, tracheal fistula amounted to 0.0 (SD 1.0), -1.3 (SD 2.2) and -4.5 (SD 1.0). Conclusion: Measurements of the gastric circumference below the 5th percentile should lead to further diagnostic measures, especially when associated with polyhydramnios . Although oesophageal atresia, OA without a fistula, tracheal fistula is always conspicuous, only about one in three OAs with fistula, tracheal fistula are associated with a significantly smaller stomach.
| null |
436_biomrc
|
Title: Plasma level of the endogenous @entity1372 pump ligand marinobufagenin is related to the salt-sensitivity in XXXX .
OBJECTIVE:: Salt-induced elevation of the endogenous digitalis like men, women, humans372 pump ligand marinobufagenin ( MBG ) in the Dahl salt-sensitive rats resulted in elevated blood pressure (BP). Here, we tested, in men, women, humans , whether MBG levels are related to ambulatory 24-h BP (ABP), controlled long-term increase of salt-intake induces changes in MBG and any salt-induced change in MBG is related to salt sensitivity. METHODS:: Thirty-nine healthy individuals (53 11 years old; 20 men, women, humans and 19 men, women, humans ) had a total daily men, women, humans219 intake of 50mmol (low-salt) and 150mmol (high-salt) for 4 weeks each, in a random order. ABP and MBG in plasma and urine were measured at baseline (unstandardized salt intake) and after high and low-salt intake. RESULTS:: At baseline, plasma MBG (P- MBG ) was related to 24-h SBP (r=0.43, P=0.007) and DBP (r=0.32, P=0.047), whereas 24-h urinary excretion of MBG (UE- MBG ) was related to 24-h DBP only (r=0.42, P=0.008). Sex-specific analyses revealed that these relationships were significant in men, women, humans only. Compared with low-salt, high-salt diet increased P- MBG (P=0.029), mainly driven by results in men, women, humans . Male P- MBG responders vs. nonresponders (above vs. below median of high-salt induced P- MBG increase) had markedly enhanced SBP (10.4 6.4 vs. 1.0 6.0mmHg; P=0.003) and DBP (6.7 5.0 vs. -0.6 3.6mmHg; P=0.001) salt sensitivity. CONCLUSION:: In men, women, humans , MBG increases with 24-h ABP, and similar to Dahl salt-sensitive rats , 4 weeks of high-salt induced MBG response is accompanied by marked salt sensitivity. However, these patterns seem to be sex-specific and are not observed in men, women, humans .
| null |
4535_biomrc
|
Title: Xylanase increased the ileal digestibility of nonstarch polysaccharides and concentration of low molecular weight nondigestible XXXX in @entity1707 fed high levels of @entity3505 distillers dried grains with solubles.
UNASSIGNED: The objective was to study the effect of a commercially available xylanase (CAX), an experimental xylanase (EX), and EX in combination with protease (EXP) on the degradation of nondigestible carbohydrates (NDC) and AID, apparent ileal digestibility ( AID, apparent ileal digestibility ) of nutrients in wheat distillers dried grains with solubles (wDDGS). The control and 3 enzyme diets contained 96% wDDGS supplemented with vitamins, minerals, lysine , and chromic oxide as a digestibility marker in addition to enzyme premix. Eight ileal cannulated pigs were fed 4 experimental diets containing 96% wDDGS-a control diet or 1 of 3 diets with CAX, EX, or EXP-in a double 4 * 4 Latin square design. The experimental period lasted 7 d; adaptation lasted 4 d, and the ileal digesta were collected for 8 h on d 5 and 7, when spot samples of feces were also collected. Digesta samples were analyzed for NDC, total and soluble nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP), low molecular weight (LMW) NDC, OM, CP, fat, starch, and marker. Compared with the control diet, addition of CAX, EX, and EXP increased the AID, apparent ileal digestibility of arabinoxylan by 32 ( < 0.001), 28 ( = 0.001), and 24% ( = 0.004), respectively. In addition, EXP increased the AID, apparent ileal digestibility of noncellulosic polysaccharide glucose by 21% compared with the control ( = 0.005). Compared with the control, addition of EX, EXP, and CAX decreased the concentration of soluble arabinoxylan in ileal digesta by 40 ( < 0.0001), 40 ( < 0.0001), and 21% ( = 0.022), respectively. Furthermore, addition of CAX, EXP, and EX increased the concentration of LMW arabinoxylan in ileal digesta by 40 ( = 0.0001), 36 ( = 0.0006), and 24% ( = 0.023), respectively, compared with the control. Addition of EX and EXP decreased the concentration of soluble NSP of ileal digesta by 25 ( = 0.001) and 26% ( < 0.001), respectively, compared with the control diet. Addition of CAX ( < 0.0001) and EXP ( = 0.013) increased the arabinose -to- xylose ratio in the insoluble arabinoxylan fraction in ileal digesta compared with the control diet, and CAX increased the uronic acid -to-xylose ratio of the ileal insoluble NSP fraction ( < 0.0001) compared with the control diet. Enzyme addition did not affect AID, apparent ileal digestibility of OM, CP, starch, and fat ( > 0.3). In conclusion, addition of xylanases to wDDGS diets increased the ileal digestibility of NSP and generated LMW NDC components in the small intestine of pigs but did not affect ileal digestibility of nutrients in the current study.
| null |
4537_biomrc
|
Title: [Participation of neuropeptide Y Y3-receptor subtype in the increase in lung vascular permeability--for therapy of XXXX ].
In order to find some treatments for respiratory failure caused by neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema , we investigated the mechanism of neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema . Previously, stimulation of sympathetic nerves caused an increase in pulmonary vascular permeability, possibly due to neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y injected into the trachea increased lung vascular permeability dose-dependently, the ED50 of which was 0.3-1 nM. Such an effect remained even after treatment with reserpine , as well as in the presence of alpha- and beta-blockers. And norepinephrine enhanced the effect of neuropeptide Y on lung vascular permeability. These responses were almost similar to those obtained by stimulation of sympathetic nerves. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y, in fibrin-induced neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema , was localized in alveolar macrophages and alveolar spaces, amounting to approximately 200 nM in edema fluid. The value was significantly greater than that obtained in hydrostatic neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema by 10-30 times. Peptide YY , an analogue of neuropeptide Y, had no action on lung vascular permeability, whereas the effect of neuropeptide Y was inhibited by pretreatment with neuropeptide Y- 13-36, an antagonist for Y3-recetor subtype. These results suggested that neuropeptide Y enhances the lung vascular permeability via Y3-recetor subtype. Neuropeptide Y- 13-36, in fibrin-induced neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema , decreased a ratio of protein concentration in edema fluid to that in serum, indicating that neuropeptide Y actually acts a role in the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema, pulmonary edema , via an increase in lung vascular permeability.
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