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2489_biomrc
|
Title: Alcoholism, XXXX , and drug use in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
This note reviews recent literature relating to the use of women, men67 , tobacco , and intravenous drugs in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Trends in substance use among subpopulations are discussed in relation to changes in the major population health indicators since 1990. This article summarizes recent work into understanding the role of substance use and misuse in the region in explaining demographic developments in terms of life expectancy and population growth. In 1993, 80% of Russian males drank, and among these, women, men67 intake averaged near 600 grams per day. Smoking is much more prevalent among Russian women, men (61.4%) than among women, men (10.3%). In 2003, 185.8 per 100 thousand Russian women, men were drug addicted . High rates of male women, men67 abuse, suicide, accidents, violence, and cardiovascular disease appear to be major causes of the large falls in life expectancy and rising gender gaps in life expectancy in the region. Life expectancy at birth in Russia was estimated at 60.5 years for males and 74 years for females in 2005. Russia's population is now declining at a rate of 0.37% per annum, and with more than 1% of the population estimated to be HIV positive, it is likely that this population decline will accelerate further in the near future. Many of these population trends are mirrored across the former Soviet Union.
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2491_biomrc
|
Title: Dermatophytosis of @entity7928 caused by XXXX .
M. canis, Nannizzia otae, Microsporum canis was isolated from the inflammatory skin lesions of a Bengal tiger in April, 1979. In clinical findings rounded area of alopecia, 3 to 8 cm in size was observed on the right haunch and the tail. The skin lesions were covered with thin scales, but the inflammatory changes were not severe. Findings, on physical examination, were unremarkable and the animal appeared healthy except for the skin lesions . The infected hairs were invaded by the fungal elements and arthroconidia were around the hair shaft. Cuticles and cortex of the infected hairs were brittle. They were evidently digested and were easily pulled out from the hair follicles. In mycological findings numerous and typical macroconidia were observed. By cross mating of a isolate from tiger and M. canis, Nannizzia otae, Microsporum canis (-) strains, cleistothecia were produced. Both organic iodide and undecylenic acid ointment were effective for therapy. In this paper the dermatophytosis of tiger caused by M. canis, Nannizzia otae, Microsporum canis is described.
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4539_biomrc
|
Title: Persistence of systolic coronary flow reversal predicts @entity409 after reperfused anterior XXXX .
OBJECTIVE: To investigate serial assessments of systolic coronary flow reversal in the Patients, patients, PATIENTS188 related artery for predicting poor left ventricular functional recovery after reperfused acute myocardial infarction . SETTING: Regional hospital. Patients, patients, PATIENTS AND METHODS: 49 Patients, patients, PATIENTS with anterior acute myocardial infarction had transthoracic Doppler echocardiography to record coronary flow velocity in the left anterior descending coronary artery immediately after successful primary coronary angioplasty (day 0), and at 48 hours, one week, and three weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Coronary flow velocity at each time point; regional wall motion score index (RWMSI) at day 0 and at three weeks. Irreversible dysfunction was defined as a decrease in RWMSI to < 0.22. RESULTS: Measurements of coronary flow velocity could be made in 45 Patients, patients, PATIENTS . Patients, patients, PATIENTS were divided into three groups: no systolic flow reversal (group 1, n = 27), systolic flow reversal observed only on day 0 (group 2, n = 8), and systolic flow reversal persisting until 48 hours (group 3, n = 10). Although baseline RWMSI was similar among the three groups, the value at three weeks was significantly higher in group 3 than in the other two groups. In predicting irreversible dysfunction , the persistence of systolic flow reversal up to 48 hours had a higher positive predictive value (100%) than the presence of systolic flow reversal on day 0 (67%, p < 0.04). The negative predictive value of systolic flow reversal at 48 hours (83%) was comparable in accuracy to the presence of systolic flow reversal on day 0 (85%, NS). CONCLUSIONS: In reperfused anterior acute myocardial infarction , serial assessment of coronary flow velocity in the left anterior descending coronary artery is feasible using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, and the persistence of systolic flow reversal at 48 hours is a more specific marker of irreversible dysfunction than peak creatine kinase or diastolic deceleration time.
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2492_biomrc
|
Title: Disparities in outpatient and home health service utilization following XXXX : results of a 9-year cohort study in Northern California.
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether there are disparities in utilization of outpatient and home care services after stroke . DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: The Kaiser Permanente of Northern California health care system, which provides health care for approximately 3.3 million members. PARTICIPANTS, patients : A total of 11,119 PARTICIPANTS, patients hospitalized for a stroke between 1996 and 2003 and followed for 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Receipt of outpatient rehabilitation (physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech pathology, or physical medicine and rehabilitation/physiatry visits), and/or home health care. RESULTS: There were significant differences in outpatient rehabilitation visits and home health enrollment during the year after acute care discharge for all the parameters under study. Older age and female gender were associated with less outpatient rehabilitation treatment, but these subpopulations were more likely to be enrolled in home health care. Non-whites, PARTICIPANTS, patients from urban areas, those with ischemic strokes , and those with longer acute care hospital stays had relatively more outpatient rehabilitation and were also more likely to be enrolled in the home health program. In addition, PARTICIPANTS, patients living in geographic areas with a median household income of 80,000 or more had significantly more outpatient rehabilitation visits than did PARTICIPANTS, patients living in lower income areas. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in outpatient rehabilitation visits and in home health care exist in this large integrated health system in terms of age, gender, race/ethnicity, residence area, type of stroke , and length of stay in an acute care hospital. The Kaiser Permanente integrated health care system seems to have outpatient stroke rehabilitation and home health programs that are providing care without disparities in relation to non-white populations, but other disparities appear to exist that may be related to socioeconomic factors, referral patterns, family support systems, or other cultural factors that have not been identified.
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444_biomrc
|
Title: Juvenile generalized @entity1569 with XXXX mutation treated with short-term infliximab.
UNASSIGNED: A 8-year-old Chinese boy with generalized boy569 (GPP) refractory to cyclosporine and boy667 was treated successfully with two infusions of infliximab 3.3 mg/kg. He remained in remission for 21 months. Direct sequencing of IL36RN gene showed a homozygous mutation, c.115 + 6T>C . Juvenile GPP is a rare severe form of boy569 occasionally associated with life-threatening complications. Like acitretin, cyclosporine and boy499 , infliximab has been reported to be effective for juvenile GPP in case reports. However, there is a lack of data in the optimal treatment course of infliximab for juvenile GPP. Prolonged administration of these medications may cause toxic or fatal complications . We suggest that short-term infliximab regimen should be recommended as a choice for acute juvenile GPP refractory to traditional systemic therapies. WBC count and CRP are sensitive parameters to reflect the disease activity and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Monitoring CD4 T lymphocyte count, preventing and correcting CD4 lymphocytopenia are important in the treatment course of juvenile GPP.
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2495_biomrc
|
Title: @entity1474 modify expression of TGF-b in a co-culture model ultilising human colorectal cells and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells exposed to @entity24046 , XXXX and @entity794 .
UNASSIGNED: Commensal bacteria and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( PUFAs, PUFA ) have both been shown independently to modulate immune responses. This study tested the hypothesis that the different colonic immunomodulatory responses to commensal ( Lactobacillus gasseri, L. gasseri ) and pathogenic bacteria ( Escherichia coli, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus ) may be modified by PUFAs, PUFA . Experiments used a Transwell system combining the colorectal cell line HT29, or its mucous secreting sub-clone HT29- MTX , with peripheral blood mononuclear cells to analyse immunomodulatory signalling in response to bacteria, with and without prior treatment with arachidonic acid , eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid . Lactobacillus gasseri, L. gasseri increased transforming growth factor b1 (TGF-b1) mRNA and protein secretion in colonic cell lines when compared with controls, an effect that was enhanced by pre-treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid . In contrast, the Gram-negative pathogen E. coli LF82 had no significant effect on TGF-b1 protein. Lactobacillus gasseri, L. gasseri also increased IL-8 mRNA but not protein while Escherichia coli, E. coli increased both; although differences between PUFAs, PUFA treatments were detected, none were significantly different to controls. Colonic epithelial cells show different immunomodulatory signalling patterns in response to the commensal Lactobacillus gasseri, L. gasseri compared to Escherichia coli, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus and pre-treatment of these cells with PUFAs, PUFA can modify responses. Practical applications: We have demonstrated an interaction between dietary PUFAs, PUFA and epithelial cell response to both commensal and pathogenic bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract by utilising in vitro co-culture models. The data suggest that n-3 PUFAs, PUFA may provide some protection against the potentially damaging effects of pathogens. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of combining n-3 PUFAs, PUFA and the commensal bacteria, and potential probiotic, Lactobacillus gasseri, L. gasseri are illustrated by the increased expression of immunoregulatory TGF-b1.
| null |
4544_biomrc
|
Title: Neuropathology of early and late deaths after XXXX .
A previous study indicated that the mortality rate after severe head injury (Glasgow coma score less than or equal to 7) was higher on each of the first 2 days after Patients, patients30 (early deaths) than on any subsequent day (late deaths). The low Glasgow coma scores, high incidence of unreactive pupils, and refractoriness to treatment of Patients, patients dying within 48 hours of Patients, patients30 suggested that many such Patients, patients had sustained irreversible Patients, patients545 . To determine the extent to which events at impact sealed the fate of those dying early deaths after head injury , we compared the pathology of cases of early and late death. Of 2000 Patients, patients with head injury admitted to the neurosurgery service during a 6-year period, there were 138 deaths and 56 autopsies. Seventy-two per cent of the Patients, patients who died during the first 48 hours after Patients, patients30 had widespread homogenizing necrosis of neuron or direct brain stem Patients, patients30 , considered to represent irreversible brain damage . Only 19% of those dying later deaths had these pathological changes. Patients, patients with severe homogenizing necrosis or direct brain stem damage were usually injured in high speed motor vehicle accidents and had low Glasgow coma scores and unreactive pupils on admission to the hospital. They usually did not have Patients, patients410 , but had brain swelling and herniations . Patients, patients dying without homogenizing necrosis or direct brain stem Patients, patients30 usually were injured by blows or falls, usually had Patients, patients410 , and less often had unreactive pupils and low Glasgow coma scores on admission. The findings suggest that there is a significant irreducible mortality rate after head injury incurred in high speed motor vehicle accidents. Recognition of such cases is important in the comparison of series and in the evaluation of treatment for head injury .
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4542_biomrc
|
Title: Repeated primary care consultations for non-specific physical symptoms in XXXX in UK: a cohort study.
BACKGROUND: children, Participants, child109 ( children, Participants, child109 ), such as children, Participants, child0 and abdominal pain , are common reasons for children, Participants, child to consult primary care. children, Participants, child109 represent a significant burden not only on society, but also on health care services, through frequent physician consultations and referrals to secondary care. Research evidence suggests a positive relationship between health and consulting behavior of parents and their children, Participants, child , but research on whether repeated physician consultations for children, Participants, child109 in children, Participants, child is influenced by parental consultations for children, Participants, child109 is lacking. The aim was to measure the frequency of repeated physician consultations for children, Participants, child109 in children, Participants, child , and investigate whether this is influenced by maternal consultations for children, Participants, child109 . METHODS: A cohort study of children, Participants, child registered with primary care practices contributing to the Consultation in Primary Care Archive database. children, Participants, child were children, Participants, child -mother pairs registered between January 2007 and December 2010. The cohort comprised all children, Participants, child (n = 1437) aged 2 to 16 years who consulted a physician for children, Participants, child109 in 2009. Mothers' consultations for children, Participants, child109 were measured between 2007 and 2008. Main outcome measures were repetition and frequency of consultations for children, Participants, child109 in children, Participants, child (consultations for children, Participants, child109 in both 2009 and 2010). RESULTS: Overall, 27% of children, Participants, child had repeated consultations for children, Participants, child109 . The three most common repeated consultations were for back children, Participants, child58 , children, Participants, child142 and abdominal pain . Exposure to maternal consultation for children, Participants, child109 was associated with 21% increase in consultation frequency for children, Participants, child109 (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.21; 95% CI 1.12, 1.31). After adjusting for children, Participants, child age and maternal age, maternal consultation for children, Participants, child109 was associated with an increased risk of repeated consultations for children, Participants, child109 in children, Participants, child (relative risk 1.41; 95% CI 1.16, 1.73). This association was also significant for specific children, Participants, child109 groups including children, Participants, child6 . CONCLUSIONS: Repeated consultation for children, Participants, child109 is common among children, Participants, child . It is important for primary care physicians and secondary care clinicians, managing children, Participants, child referred from primary care for children, Participants, child109 , to be aware that consultation for children, Participants, child109 in mothers is a risk factor for repeated consultations for children, Participants, child109 among children, Participants, child . More research is needed to uncover exactly how parental health influences health and consulting behavior of children, Participants, child .
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2501_biomrc
|
Title: Effect of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade on the 0.4 Hz sympathetic rhythm in conscious XXXX .
1. The present study examined the origin of the 0.4 Hz rhythm in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in rats . It was anticipated that, after elimination of 0.4 Hz oscillations of arterial pressure (AP) by alpha-adrenoceptor blockade, the persistence or disappearance of a 0.4 Hz rhythm in RSNA would point to an endogenous (central oscillator) or baroreflex origin, respectively. 2. Arterial pressure and RSNA were recorded in seven conscious rats , before and after acute alpha-adrenoceptor blockade with phentolamine (5 mg/kg, i.v.). In each condition, power and coherence spectra were calculated over 15 min periods of rest. 3. In control conditions, highly coherent AP and RSNA oscillations were observed near 0.4 Hz. After phentolamine administration, spectral power in the mid-frequency (0.27-0.74 Hz) band was significantly reduced for both AP and RSNA and maximum power was shifted towards 0.7 Hz. 4. The disappearance of the RSNA rhythm at 0.4 Hz after phentolamine administration favours the hypothesis of a baroreflex origin. The new oscillation near 0.7 Hz can derive either from the activity of a previously unrecognized central oscillator or from a faster feedback mechanism involving cotransmitters of noradrenaline acting with shorter time constants (e.g. ATP ).
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458_biomrc
|
Title: Preconditioning offers cardioprotection in hyperlipidemic @entity35 hearts: possible role of XXXX (D2) signaling.
BACKGROUND: Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) induced cardioprotection has been reported to be blunted in hyperlipidemic subjects. dopamine, Dopamine , via its D2 receptor signaling, appears to mimic the signaling cascade involved in myocardial preconditioning and is also involved in the inhibition of Hyperlipidemia, hyperlipidemia induced mediators. The present study was designed to investigate the possible involvement of D2 receptors in IPC and to see whether dopamine, Dopamine preconditioning can offer cardioprotection in hyperlipidemic rat, Wistar, rats hearts. METHODS: rat, Wistar, rats albino rat, Wistar, rats were divided into 8 groups and fed on normal or high fat diet for 4 weeks. Hyperlipidemia, hyperlipidemia was confirmed after 4 weeks by serum lipid estimations. Isolated perfused hearts were subjected to ischemic, ischemia preconditioning or dopamine, Dopamine induced pharmacological preconditioning followed by 30-min ischemic, ischemia insult and 60-min reperfusion. Clozapine was administered as D2 antagonist. Coronary perfusate (basal and post- ischemic, ischemia ) was collected for the estimations of LDH ( Lactate dehydrogenase) and CKMB ( Creatine kinase MB). Hearts were then removed and frozen for infarct size measurement. RESULTS: A significant increase body weight, serum lipids except HDL was noted in high fat diet fed rat, Wistar, rats , as compared to normal rat, Wistar, rats . The level of LDH, CKMB in coronary effluent and infarct size were found to be decreased in preconditioned normal hearts, as compared to hearts treated with ischemic, ischemia reperfusion. This effect was found to be blunted in hyperlipidemic animals. dopamine, Dopamine (10 M) alone and in combination with ischemic, ischemia preconditioning significantly reduced the levels of LDH, CKMB and infarct size in hyperlipidemic hearts, as compared to preconditioned and non-preconditioned hyperlipidemic hearts. This effect was abolished significantly by Clozapine (D2 antagonist). CONCLUSION: The present study reveals possible involvement of D2 receptors in ischemic, ischemia preconditioning and suggests that dopamine, Dopamine preconditioning may offer significant cardioprotection in hyperlipidemic rat, Wistar, rats hearts.
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460_biomrc
|
Title: Implication of Sarcopenia and XXXX on Lung Function in Healthy Elderly: Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Previous studies have demonstrated a positive association between obesity and decreased lung function . However, the effect of muscle and fat has not been fully assessed, especially in a healthy elderly population. In this study, we evaluated the impact of low muscle mass (LMM) and LMM with obesity on pulmonary impairment in healthy elderly subjects. Our study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2011. women, Men, men and women, Men, men aged 65 yr or older were included. Muscle mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. LMM was defined as two standard deviations below the sex-specific mean for young healthy adults. Obesity was defined as body mass index >= 25 kg/m(2). The prevalence of LMM in individuals aged over 65 was 11.9%. LMM and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 second) were independently associated after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, obesity5 consumption, and frequency of exercise. LMM with obesity was also related to a decrease in pulmonary function. This study revealed that LMM is an independent risk factor of decreased pulmonary function in healthy Korean women, Men, men and women, Men, men over 65 yr of age.
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4556_biomrc
|
Title: Expression of colonic antigens by goblet and columnar epithelial cells in @entity4628 mucosa: their association with inflammatory change and XXXX .
AIMS: To investigate colonic metaplasia of goblet and columnar epithelial cells in ileal pouch mucosa; to correlate this with the degree of morphological and inflammatory change; and to assess whether such changes are related to the presence of ulcerative colitis79 . METHODS: Biopsy specimens of ileal pouch mucosa were taken from 31 patients (30 with ulcerative colitis , one with patients412 ) either before (eight patients ) or after (23 patients ) ileostomy closure. A simple morphological technique was used to assess changes in villous height. Inflammatory change was estimated using an established scoring system for pouchitis , and acquisition of colonic antigens was determined by immunohistochemistry using three monoclonal antibodies which recognise components of the two major epithelial cell types in the colorectum. The degree of staining with the monoclonal antibodies was graded and the grades correlated with an index of villous atrophy and with the inflammatory scores. RESULTS: Five of eight (63%) pre-closure and 15 of 23 (65%) post-closure biopsy specimens showed increased staining with an antibody against components of columnar epithelial cells. One of eight (12%) pre-closure and 15 of 23 (65%) post-closure biopsy specimens stained with an antibody for colonic mucin. Although both types of staining showed a positive correlation with the pouchitis score, they also occurred in the absence of inflammation . CONCLUSIONS: Both goblet and columnar cells acquire colonic characteristics which are incomplete, but may represent a true adaptive response as they can develop in the absence of inflammation . As the change in goblet cells occurs after ileostomy closure, ulcerative colitis79 is likely to be a major contributory factor. Changes in columnar cells may occur before ileostomy closure in the absence of ulcerative colitis79 .
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2510_biomrc
|
Title: Number and ultrastructure of epithelial cells in crypts and villi along the XXXX - @entity6 small intestine: a quantitative study on the effects of insulin and @entity3650 reductase inhibition.
This study has quantified the effects of insulin treatment with and without aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on intestinal epithelial cell morphology in streptozotocin - diabetic rats . Epithelial volumes, villous and microvillous surface areas and mean volumes of cells (and their nuclei) in crypts and villi were estimated in each of four segments and in the entire intestine. We derived total numbers of cells, quantified the ultrastructural features of average cells and explored variation along the intestine and between experimental groups. In crypts, insulin and ponalrestat had significant effects on cell number (reduced towards normal values) and size (volume and apex area increased beyond normal values). There were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat for cell volume and apex area (insulin producing more exaggerated effects when given without ponalrestat ). On villi, insulin and ponalrestat returned cell numbers towards normal values but neither treatment normalised cell size or the number and area of microvilli per cell. Indeed, ponalrestat increased microvillous number and area beyond values found in untreated diabetic animals. Again, there were interaction effects between insulin and ponalrestat. Patterns of segmental variation seen in crypts of normal rats (values tending to be higher in proximal or mid-intestinal regions) were not preserved, and only some of the segmental differences seen on villi (higher values at proximal or mid-intestinal sites) were maintained during therapy. Apart from reducing the abnormally high numbers of cells in untreated diabetic rats , these results show that insulin and ponalrestat treatment fail to restitute epithelial cell morphology in the small intestines of experimental diabetic rats .
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4560_biomrc
|
Title: Association of @entity1709 with XXXX and other @entity1374 and their relationship to the origin of the @entity1709 .
women, Patients, patients709 is localized hyperpigmentation over the forehead, upper lips, cheeks, and chin. In this study, evidence suggesting an association between women, Patients, patients669 and women, Patients, patients709 and the relationship of women, Patients, patients374 to the origin of women, Patients, patients709 is presented. A total of 108 nonpregnant women, Patients, patients , aged 20-56 yr, were divided into 2 groups for the purpose of this study: 1) women, Patients, patients709 , 84 women, Patients, patients ; 2) control group, 24 women, Patients, patients from the Dermatology Clinic matched for age and sex. women, Patients, patients374 ( women, Patients, patients374 ) were sought in all subjects. TRH-TSH tests were performed in women, Patients, patients with women, Patients, patients709 and in those women, Patients, patients with goiter and/or positive women, Patients, patients374 tests from the control group. Studies were completed with serum T4, T3, and antithyroglobulin antibody (TGHA) measurements in all women, Patients, patients with women, Patients, patients374 . In women, Patients, patients with women, Patients, patients709 , the frequency of women, Patients, patients374 (58.3%) was 4 times greater than in the control group. The women, Patients, patients374 -negative women, Patients, patients had 1) simple goiter (13.1%), 2) women, Patients, patients95 (2.4%), and 3) TSH hyperresponse to TRH in nongoitrous women, Patients, patients (10.7%). women, Patients, patients with positive women, Patients, patients374 tests (32.1%) were divided into 2 subgroups. One comprised those women, Patients, patients with an apparently normal thyroid gland and thyroid function (n = 7), while the other included all women, Patients, patients with goiter and/or subclinical women, Patients, patients375 (n = 20). Regarding the origin of the women, Patients, patients709 , it was found that 70% of women, Patients, patients who developed women, Patients, patients709 during pregnancy or while using oral contraceptives had women, Patients, patients374 compared to 39.4% of women, Patients, patients with idiopathic women, Patients, patients709 . Subjects from the control group had a 12.5% incidence of women, Patients, patients374 , and only 8.3% had positive women, Patients, patients374 . women, Patients, patients72 , women, Patients, patients420 , or both could be the triggering factor in the development of women, Patients, patients709 in women, Patients, patients who have a particular predisposition toward both women, Patients, patients709 and women, Patients, patients669 . women, Patients, patients with idiopathic women, Patients, patients709 had a lower frequency of women, Patients, patients374 , suggesting that there may be different genetic patterns linked to women, Patients, patients669 . We conclude that there is a true association between women, Patients, patients669 and women, Patients, patients709 , mostly in women, Patients, patients whose women, Patients, patients709 develops during pregnancy or after ingestion of oral contraceptive drugs.
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4562_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX Supplementation Prevents High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance in @entity35 through Transcriptional and Nontranscriptional Mechanisms.
sialic acid, N-Acetylneuraminic acid ( Neu5Ac ) is a biomarker of cardiometabolic diseases . In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that dietary Neu5Ac may improve cardiometabolic indices. A high fat diet (HFD) + Neu5Ac (50 or 400 mg/kg BW/day) was fed to rats and compared with HFD + simvastatin (10 mg/kg BW/day) or HFD alone for 12 weeks. Weights and serum biochemicals (lipid profile, oral glucose tolerance test, leptin, adiponectin, and insulin) were measured, and mRNA levels of insulin signaling genes were determined. The results indicated that low and high doses of sialic acid, N-Acetylneuraminic acid (SA) improved metabolic indices, although only the oral glucose tolerance test, serum triglycerides , leptin, and adiponectin were significantly better than those in the HFD and HFD + simvastatin groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results showed that only high-dose SA significantly affected the transcription of hepatic and adipose tissue insulin signaling genes. The data suggested that SA prevented HFD-induced insulin resistance in rats after 12 weeks of administration through nontranscriptionally mediated biochemical changes that may have differentially sialylated glycoprotein structures at a low dose. At higher doses, SA induced transcriptional regulation of insulin signaling genes. These effects suggest that low and high doses of SA may produce similar metabolic outcomes in relation to insulin sensitivity through multiple mechanisms. These findings are worth studying further.
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2519_biomrc
|
Title: The liposome-incorporating cell wall skeleton of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Gu in can directly enhance the susceptibility of @entity5 cells to lymphokine-activated killer cells through up-regulation of XXXX ligands.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a preclinical evaluation of the ability of natural killer cells to cytolyze human, RT-112, T2450 cells that were modified to show enhanced expression of natural-killer group 2, member D, NKG2D ( natural-killer group 2, member D, NKG2D ) ligands by R8-liposome-bacillus Calmette-Gu in (BCG)-cell wall skeleton (CWS) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The human, RT-112, T24 cells and human, RT-112, T24 cells were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS and BCG for 2, 4, or 6 h, and then the surface expression of natural-killer group 2, member D, NKG2D ligands was analyzed using TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained with a conventional preparation kit, and then lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from these purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells via human, RT-112, T24199 stimulation. The anti- cancer, tumour effect of LAK cells against untreated and R8-liposome-BCG-CWS co-cultured with cells of the human, RT-112, T24 human, RT-112, T2450 cell lines T24 and RT-112 was analyzed using the cytotoxic WST-8 assay method at 4 h of culture at various effector/target (E : T) ratios. RESULTS: Major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B ( human, RT-112, T24532 ) expression was increased 1.5-fold on human, RT-112, T24 cells and human, RT-112, T24 cells with BCG. cancer, tumour0372 expression was also increased 1.5-fold on human, RT-112, T24 cells and human, RT-112, T24 cells with BCG. R8-liposome-BCG-CWS increased the surface expression of human, RT-112, T24532 2.2-fold on human, RT-112, T24 cells but did not increase it significantly on human, RT-112, T24 cells. cancer, tumour0372 expression was increased 2.2-fold on human, RT-112, T24 cells, although no differences were observed between the expression of ULBP2 and 3 with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS. human, RT-112, T24 cells that were co-cultured with R8-liposome-BCG-CWS showed an 1.3-fold increase in sensitivity to cytolysis by LAK cells at an E : T ratio of 4 and human, RT-112, T24 cells showed an 1.4-fold increase at an E : T ratio of 2. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, the induction of surface natural-killer group 2, member D, NKG2D ligands by R8-liposome-BCG-CWS rendered cancer, tumour cells more susceptible to cytolysis by LAK cells. human, RT-112, T24 cells and human, RT-112, T24 cells, even when cultured singly in the absence of immune cells, can directly respond to R8-liposome-BCG-CWS. The results obtained in the present study may therefore indicate a novel adoptive immunotherapy against human, RT-112, T2450 .
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472_biomrc
|
Title: Seroprevalence, correlates, and characteristics of undetected XXXX in England.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the seroprevalence, correlates, and characteristics of undetected coeliac disease in a large adult population sample in Cambridge, UK. METHODS: The Cambridge General Practice Health Study invited individuals from 12 general practices, aged 45-76 years, to attend for a health survey that included a bone density measurement, between 1990 and 1995. A total of 7550 participants' serum samples were tested for antiendomysial antibody ( participants0208 ). Seroprevalence of undetected coeliac disease was based on participants0208 positivity. Differences between participants0208 positive and negative participants of various physiological correlates and reported characteristics were estimated by multivariate logistic and linear regression and adjusted for age, sex, social class, and smoking behaviour. RESULTS: The seroprevalence of undetected coeliac disease in this general population sample aged 45-76 was 1.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-1.4). participants0208 positive participants (n=87) were on average slightly lighter by 2.2 kg (p=0.08), were more likely to have reported their general health as being "good or excellent" ( odds ratio (OR) 1.76 (95% CI 0.90-3.46)), and were less likely to report being a current smoker (OR for current versus never 0.36 (95% CI 0.14-0.90)) than participants0208 negative participants . participants0208 positivity was associated with an 8% reduction in mean serum participants65 (0.5 mmol/l; p<0.01) and reductions in mean haemoglobin (0.3 g/dl; p<0.01), total protein (1.0 g/l; p<0.05), and corrected serum calcium (0.02 mmol/l; p<0.05). There was an increased risk of participants70 in participants0208 positive participants (OR 3.1 (95% CI 1.3-7.2)) and of mild anaemia (OR 4.6 (95% CI 2.5-8.2)) compared with participants0208 negative participants . CONCLUSIONS: Undetected coeliac disease is likely to affect approximately 1% of the population of England aged 45-76 years, a value similar to several other countries. Those affected report "better health" but they do have an increased risk of participants70 and mild anaemia . In contrast, they have a favourable cardiovascular risk profile that may afford protection from ischaemic heart disease and stroke .
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2520_biomrc
|
Title: Surgical Treatment of XXXX : Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Resection Is Predominantly Used for Complex Cases and Is Associated With Increased Postoperative Complications and Prolonged Hospitalization.
INTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic (LAP) colectomy is now the "gold" standard for diverticulitis ; the role of HAL, hand-assisted LAP ( HAL, hand-assisted LAP ) and Open methods today is unclear. This study assessed the elective use of these methods for diverticulitis . METHODS: A retrospective review of demographic, comorbidity (Carlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]), resection type, and short-term outcomes was carried out. RESULTS: There were 125 (44.5%) LAP, 125 (44.5%) HAL, hand-assisted LAP , and 31 (11%) Open cases (overall N = 281). The mean age, body mass index, and percentage of high-risk patients (CCI score >2) of the HAL, hand-assisted LAP group were greater (P < .05) than the LAP group (vs Open, P = ns). The Open group's mean age and percent with CCI >2 was greater when compared with the LAP group (P < .05). More Open (P < .05) and HAL, hand-assisted LAP patients had complex disease (Open, 63%; HAL, hand-assisted LAP , 40%, LAP, 22%) and were diverted (Open, 35%; HAL, hand-assisted LAP , 10%; LAP, 3%). Time to bowel movement was not different; however, there was a stepwise increase in median length of stay (LOS; days) from the LAP (5 days) to HAL, hand-assisted LAP (6 days) to Open group (7 days) (P < .05 for all). The LAP complication rate (22.4%) was lower (P < .05) than the HAL, hand-assisted LAP (42.4%) or Open groups' (45.2%) rates. The LAP surgical site infection rate (5.6%) was lower (P < .05) than the HAL, hand-assisted LAP (12.8%) or Open groups (19.6%). CONCLUSION: The HAL, hand-assisted LAP and Open groups had more high risk, complex disease, diverted, and older patients than the LAP group; likewise, the overall complication rate and LOS was higher in the HAL, hand-assisted LAP and Open groups. Use of HAL, hand-assisted LAP methods likely contributed to the high minimally invasive surgery utilization rate (89%).
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4569_biomrc
|
Title: The effectiveness of interventions to reduce the household economic burden of XXXX : a systematic review.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the nature, scope and effectiveness of interventions to reduce the household economic burden of patients, patient30 . METHODS: We systematically reviewed reports published on or before 31 January 2014 that we found in the CENTRAL, CINAHL, Econlit, Embase, MEDLINE, PreMEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. We extracted data from prospective controlled trials and assessed the risk of bias. We narratively synthesized evidence. FINDINGS: Nine of the 4330 studies checked met our inclusion criteria - seven had evaluated changes to existing health-insurance programmes and two had evaluated different modes of delivering information. The only interventions found to reduce out-of-pocket expenditure significantly were those that eliminated or substantially reduced co-payments for a given patients, patient population. However, the reductions only represented marginal changes in the total expenditures of patients, patient . We found no studies that had been effective in addressing broader household economic impacts - such as catastrophic health expenditure - in the disease populations investigated. CONCLUSION: In general, interventions designed to reduce the complex household economic burden of patients, patient30 appear to have had little impact on household economies. We only found a few relevant studies using rigorous study designs that were conducted in defined patients, patient populations. The studies were limited in the range of interventions tested and they evaluated only a narrow range of household economic outcomes. There is a need for method development to advance the measurement of the household economic consequences of patients, patient30 and facilitate the development of innovative interventions to supplement the strategies based on health insurance.
| null |
4571_biomrc
|
Title: Evaluation and comparison of anticonvulsant activity of XXXX and @entity9885 in experimentally induced animal models of @entity302 .
BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is one common neurological disorder requiring newer targets and newer drugs for its efficient management. In the recent days brain renin angiotensin system has gained immense importance because of its involvement in seizure, Seizure, convulsions regulation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare antiepileptic activity of different doses olmesartan, Olmesartan and Telmisartan, telmisartan on MES and PTZ induced seizure, Seizure, convulsions models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Swiss albino mice weighing around 25-30g of either sex were divided into 6 groups: Control ( Distilled Water- 10ml/kg), Standard - Sodium valproate (40mg/kg), O1 - olmesartan, Olmesartan (2.5mg/kg), O2 - olmesartan, Olmesartan (5mg/kg), T1 - Telmisartan, telmisartan (5mg/kg), T2 - Telmisartan, telmisartan (10mg/kg). After 1hour of administration of control , test and standard drugs (orally), seizure, Seizure, convulsions were induced by administering PTZ (70mg/kg - i.p.) in PTZ model. seizure, Seizure, convulsions latency was the parameter recorded. In MES model, suppression of tonic hind limb extension was taken as measure of efficacy. RESULT: The results were analysed by one-way-ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test. In MES test, dose dependently olmesartan, Olmesartan and Telmisartan, telmisartan significantly reduced the duration of tonic hindlimb extension in comparison to control (p<0.05). T2 - 9 + 0.89secs significantly reduced the tonic hind limb extension compared to other test groups (p<0.05). The percentage inhibition of seizure, Seizure, convulsions was T2-44.3%, O2-28.2%, T1-17.5%, O1- 12.3% respectively. In PTZ test, dose dependently olmesartan, Olmesartan and Telmisartan, telmisartan produced significant increase in seizure, Seizure, convulsions latency (p<0.05). T2 - 206.6+9.83secs significantly increased seizure, Seizure, convulsions latency compared to other test groups (p<0.05). Percentage protection from seizure, Seizure, convulsions is T2-52.6%, O2- 45.13%, T1- 37.5%, O1- 38.4% respectively. CONCLUSION: AT1 receptor antagonist, Telmisartan, telmisartan and olmesartan, Olmesartan in a dose dependent manner showed increase in antiepileptic activity. Temisartan at higher dose produced significant antiepileptic activity in comparison to olmesartan, Olmesartan .
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474_biomrc
|
Title: Optimizing the tensile properties of XXXX hydrogel for the construction of a bioprosthetic @entity340 .
Although bioprosthetic heart valves offer the benefits of a natural opening and closing, better hemodynamics, and avoidance of life-long anticoagulant therapy, they nevertheless tend to fail in 10-15 years from tears and calcification . Several authors, including the present ones, have identified the rigid stent as a factor contributing to these failures. The ultimate solution is an artificial heart valve that has mechanical properties that allow it to move in conformity with the aortic root during the cardiac cycle, has superior hemodynamics, is nonthrombogenic, will last more than 20 years, and mitigates the need for anticoagulants. We have identified a polymer, polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA ) hydrogel, that has mechanical properties similar to soft tissue. The purpose of this research is to match the tensile properties of PVA to the porcine aortic root and to fabricate a stent prototype for a bioprosthetic heart valve with the use of the PVA hydrogel. Specimens of 15% w/w PVA were prepared by processing through 1-6 cycles of freezing (-20 degrees C) at 0.2 degrees C/min freeze rate and thawing (+20 degrees C) at different thawing rates (0.2 degrees C/min and 1 degrees C/min), for different holding times (1 and 6 h) at -20 degrees C. Subsequently tensile tests and stress-relaxation tests were conducted on the specimens. The different holding times at -20 degrees C demonstrated no difference in the result. The slower thawing rate improved the tensile properties but did not produce significant changes on the stress-relaxation properties. The nonlinear stress-strain curve for the PVA after the fourth freeze-thaw cycle matched the porcine aortic root within the physiological pressure range. The stress-relaxation curve for PVA also approximated the shape of the aortic root. The complex geometry of an artificial heart valve stent was successfully injection molded. These results, in combination with other preliminary findings for biocompatibility and fatigue behavior , suggest that PVA hydrogel is a promising biomaterial for implants, catheters, and artificial skin.
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4573_biomrc
|
Title: Role of impression cytology during XXXX .
AIMS: Evaluation of the morphological damage to the ocular surface of patients, patient operated for biliopancreatic diversion for pathological obesity and the correlation of impression cytology with vitamin A plasma levels, adaptometry, and other general variables. METHODS: 48 patients, patient (15 males, 33 females, age range 21-73) and 34 normal subjects were examined with fluorescein and rose bengal, a plasma dose of vitamin A , and adaptometry. The results of the various tests were subdivided into three levels (0 = normal, 1 = moderately altered, 2 = seriously altered). The impression cytology and adaptometry results were correlated with vitamin A levels and other patients, patient data (age, nutritional condition, time since operation, percentage weight loss ). All the examinations were repeated after intramuscular therapy with vitamin A . RESULTS: Corneoconjunctival alterations visible with fluorescein and rose bengal staining were present in 67.7% of cases, impression cytology alterations in 93.7%, adaptometric alterations in 82.2%; vitamin A plasma levels were below normal in 95.8% of cases. After the therapy with vitamin A a significant reduction was found for every examination. The correlation between impression cytology and adaptometry and vitamin A plasma levels and between corneoconjunctival alterations and vitamin A plasma levels was significant. There was no significant correlation between impression cytology and nutritional condition, age time since operation, and percentage weight loss . CONCLUSION: These results show impression cytology is a specific indicator for patients, patient129 because it is not influenced by other factors related to the general condition of the patients, patient . Many patients, patient with patients, patient129 not demonstrating ocular symptoms of changes visible with fluorescein and rose bengal showed alterations with impression cytology.
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2525_biomrc
|
Title: @entity5 : effective treatment with a combination of @entity786 , @entity1891 , and XXXX .
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy and patients, PATIENTS37 of combination chemotherapy in patients, PATIENTS with advanced, malignant pheochromocytoma . DESIGN: Nonrandomized, single-arm trial. SETTING: Governmental medical referral center. patients, PATIENTS : Fourteen patients, PATIENTS with malignant pheochromocytoma confirmed by histologic tests. All patients, PATIENTS had metastatic disease and elevated urinary catecholamine secretion. INTERVENTIONS: After optimization of antihypertensive therapy, patients, PATIENTS received cyclophosphamide , 750 mg/m2 body surface area on day 1; patients, PATIENTS891 , 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1, and dacarbazine , 600 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2, every 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide , patients, PATIENTS891 , and dacarbazine produced a complete and partial response rate of 57% (median duration, 21 months; range, 7 to more than 34). Complete and partial biochemical responses were seen in 79% of patients, PATIENTS (median duration, more than 22 months; range, 6 to more than 35). All responding patients, PATIENTS had objective improvement in performance status and blood pressure. patients, PATIENTS37 included expected hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal effects of chemotherapy without serious sequelae. There were four minor malignant pheochromocytoma51 episodes and one minor patients, PATIENTS01 episode. CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide , patients, PATIENTS891 , and dacarbazine is effective for advanced malignant pheochromocytoma . Urinary catecholamines are useful to ascertain biochemical response to therapy.
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2527_biomrc
|
Title: Rituximab, XXXX , @entity786 , and @entity2664 : a new, highly active chemoimmunotherapy regimen for @entity1072 .
PURPOSE: The addition of monoclonal antibodies to chemotherapy has significantly improved treatment of Patients, patients, PATIENTS072 ( Patients, patients, PATIENTS072 ). Based on excellent results with the chemotherapy-only regimen fludarabine , cyclophosphamide , and mitoxantrone (FCM), we built a new chemoimmunotherapy combination--rituximab plus FCM (R-FCM). We report a phase II clinical trial consisting of an initial treatment with R-FCM followed by rituximab maintenance. Patients, patients, PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-two untreated Patients, patients, PATIENTS072 Patients, patients, PATIENTS age 70 years or younger received rituximab 500 mg/m(2) on day 1 (375 mg/m(2) the first cycle), fludarabine 25 mg/m(2) IV on days 1 to 3, cyclophosphamide 200 mg/m(2) on days 1 to 3, and mitoxantrone 6 mg/m(2) IV on day 1, given at 4-week intervals with up to six cycles supported with colony-stimulating factor. Patients, patients, PATIENTS achieving response received maintenance with rituximab 375 mg/m(2) every 3 months for 2 years. RESULTS: The overall response, MRD, minimal residual disease ( MRD, minimal residual disease ) -negative complete response (CR), MRD, minimal residual disease -positive CR, and partial response rates were 93%, 46%, 36%, and 11%, respectively. Severe Patients, patients, PATIENTS398 developed in 13% of Patients, patients, PATIENTS . Major and minor infections were reported in 8% and 5% of cycles, respectively. Advanced clinical stage, del(17p), or increased serum beta2-microglobulin levels correlated with a lower CR rate. CONCLUSION: R-FCM is highly effective in previously untreated Patients, patients, PATIENTS072 , with an 82% CR rate and a high proportion of MRD, minimal residual disease -negative CRs (46%). Treatment Patients, patients, PATIENTS37 is acceptable. Parameters correlating with a lower response rate were advanced clinical stage, high serum beta2-microglobulin levels, and del(17p). Based on these results, R-FCM warrants further investigation in randomized clinical trials.
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4586_biomrc
|
Title: A survey of indications, results and complications of surgery for tophaceous XXXX .
AIMS: To document the indications, results and complications associated with surgery for tophaceous gout in Middlemore Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective study of the notes of all Patients, patients, people who underwent surgery for tophaceous gout at Middlemore Hospital from July 1995 to July 2001 was performed. Serum Patients, patients, people011 and uric acid results were obtained and the use of allopurinol assessed. RESULTS: 45 Patients, patients, people underwent surgery for gouty tophi. 89% were males and 11% females. 16% were Maori, 38% Pacific Patients, patients, people , 42% Europeans and 4% were from other ethnic backgrounds. Renal impairment (serum Patients, patients, people011 . >0.11 mmol/L) was the most common associated medical problem (38%), followed by Patients, patients, people01 (27%), ischaemic heart disease, heart disease and/or congestive ischaemic heart disease, heart disease (20%) and diabetes mellitus (18%). 68% of Patients, patients, people had elevated serum urate levels (>0.42 mmol/L) and only 31% had previously been taking allopurinol . Sepsis control in infected or ulcerated tophi was the main indication for surgery (51%), followed by mechanical problems caused by foot, elbow and hand tophi (27%). The diagnosis of soft tissue masses was unclear in 18% of the Patients, patients, people prior to surgery. 4% of Patients, patients, people underwent tophus surgery mainly for Patients, patients, people58 control. 53% of Patients, patients, people experienced delayed wound healing as a result of complications of surgery with the majority of these Patients, patients, people (16/24, 67%) having infected or ulcerated tophi prior to surgery. Three Patients, patients, people (7%) required digital amputations for ongoing sepsis . 47% of Patients, patients, people did not have any complication of surgery and had complete wound healing within one week. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery for tophaceous gout is associated with a relatively high rate of complication when sepsis is the main indication. Patients, patients, people with gout in this study population had several associated medical co-morbidities, which contributed to the high complication rate. Gout control was poor as evidenced by a high rate of hyperuricaemia, and less than one third of the study population were on allopurinol . Better control of gout would reduce the risk of tophi formation and the need for surgery.
| null |
2540_biomrc
|
Title: Is @entity6741 -dependent lipase concentration in serum of any help in XXXX diagnosis?
The diagnostic value of bile salt, Bile salt -dependent lipase for pancreatic diseases was tested in sera of 187 patients . Of these patients , 76 suffered from pancreatic carcinoma , 43 from nonmalignant benign liver diseases, liver diseases ( cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis ), 18 from acute pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer , and 20 from chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer . The remaining subjects were controls without pancreatic pathology. bile salt, Bile salt -dependent lipase was determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using polyclonal antibodies. Amylase and CA 19-9 antigen were also determined. In sera from control patients , the mean level of bile salt, Bile salt -dependent lipase was 1.5 micrograms/L. This level is quite similar to that of patients with benign liver diseases, liver diseases (1.1 micrograms/L) and with chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer (1.4 micrograms/L), but it was raised to 3.5 micrograms/L in patients with acute pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer and decreased to 0.5 microgram/L in subjects with pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer . Thirty percent of control subjects and 73% of cancer patients had a bile salt, Bile salt -dependent lipase serum level below the cutoff value of 0.5 microgram/L. In acute pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer , 11 of 16 subjects had levels above 1.5 micrograms/L. Amylase level largely increased in acute pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer but was normal in all other groups. Concerning CA 19-9 antigen, 65% of control patients and > 80% of patients with nonmalignant pancreatic or benign liver diseases, liver diseases had normal levels. In sera from cancer patients , 80% presented with high levels. Accordingly, 36 of 38 patients with pancreatitis, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer had either low serum levels of bile salt, Bile salt -dependent lipase (< 0.5 microgram/L) or high values of CA 19-9 antigen (> 37 U/ml; sensitivity 95%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
2541_biomrc
|
Title: Healing of XXXX using compression therapy: Predictions of a mathematical model.
UNASSIGNED: Venous Leg Ulceration (VLU) is a chronic condition for which healthcare systems worldwide face rising treatment costs. VLU can be due to patients01 which causes the veins to become cuffed with fibrin, inhibiting the supply of nutrients to the wound site. For patients that cannot tolerate compression therapy with an inelastic short stretch (SS) bandage, the mainstay treatment, an elastic three layered (3L) bandage is an alternative. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to investigate whether the healing of venous ulcers under SS and 3L bandages occurs at different rates and to postulate the reason for any difference. The two treatments were applied to a simplified wound geometry, under the assumption that the rate limiting step of healing is the supply of oxygen to the wounded tissue. Clinical data of wound size over time under the two treatments from Weller et al. (2012) was used to fit key, unknown, model parameters using a least squares approach. Numerical results are presented for the oxygen distribution within the wound space, using the fitted parameter values. The 3L bandage allows more oxygen flow into the wound than the SS bandage and, hence, the 3L bandage results in faster healing, however the difference is more significant for wounds of larger initial size. The model can be used as a predictive tool in a clinical setting to estimate the time to heal for a wound of a given initial size, treated with either a SS or 3L bandage.
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2542_biomrc
|
Title: The prognostic value of lymph node ratio after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and XXXX surgery.
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy decreases total lymph nodes harvested and possibly affects lymph node staging after total mesorectal excision in Patients, patients, PATIENTS with rectal cancer . OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare staging by lymph node ratio with staging by absolute number of positive lymph nodes. DESIGN: This study is a retrospective cohort review. SETTING: : A tertiary care referral center was the setting for this investigation. Patients, patients, PATIENTS : A total of 281 consecutive Patients, patients, PATIENTS who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision after histologically confirmed rectal cancer between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2008 were included in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lymph node ratio is the number of positive lymph nodes divided by the total number of lymph nodes within one sample. Risk categories of low (0 to < 0.09); medium (0.09 to < 0.36); and high (>= 0.36) for lymph node ratio were chosen by significance with the use of Cox proportional hazards models. These categories were then used in a reclassification table and compared with positive lymph node stage: low (0 positive nodes), medium (1-3 nodes), and high (> 3) by 5-year mortality rates. RESULTS: The majority (87%) of Patients, patients, PATIENTS were concordant in risk assessment. Thirty Patients, patients, PATIENTS were downstaged to lower risk lymph node ratio categories without showing actual lower mortality rates. Seven Patients, patients, PATIENTS were upstaged to a high-risk lymph node ratio category with a supporting higher 5-year mortality rate. When limiting the analysis to those with fewer than 12 nodes, 136 (95%) Patients, patients, PATIENTS were concordant in risk assessment; all 30 incorrectly downstaged Patients, patients, PATIENTS were removed, but the 7 correctly upstaged Patients, patients, PATIENTS remained. CONCLUSIONS: Patients, patients, PATIENTS who undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiation before rectal cancer surgery frequently have fewer than 12 lymph nodes harvested despite maintaining vigorous surgical standards. Lymph node ratios may provide excellent prognostic value and are possibly a better independent staging method than absolute positive lymph node counts when less than 12 lymph nodes are harvested after neoadjuvant treatment.
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493_biomrc
|
Title: The Management and Site-Specific Prognostic Factors of Primary Oral Mucosal XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Primary oral mucosal cutaneous malignant melanoma, malignant melanoma (POMM) is uncommon. Its biological behavior is more aggressive than that of cutaneous malignant melanoma, malignant melanoma . Its site-specific prognostic factors and optimal management have not been determined yet. Retrospective POMM case analysis from peer-reviewed publications in the PubMed and Embase electronic database from January 1984 to December 2013, in which therapy and outcome data were available, was performed. A total of 151 primary cases were extracted from 39 peer-reviewed English literatures. The study population includes 63 males and 88 females with a medium age of 61 years. The treatment protocols include surgery alone (18%), radiotherapy alone (14%), surgery plus radiotherapy (14%), surgery plus chemotherapy (31%), as well as surgery plus chemoradiotherapy (15%) and chemoradiotherapy (8%). The male patients have a higher risk for metastasis than the female patients do (odds ratio [OR]; 3.41, P = 0.021). The POMM originating from specialized mucosa was associated with increased risk for tumor recurrence and mortality (OR, 4.03, P = 0.001; OR, 2.03, P = 0.031, respectively). The patients who had surgery-based multiple therapy have a significantly longer survival compared with those who had surgery alone and those who had no surgical treatment (P = 0.000). The age of 60 years or younger (hazard ratio [HR], 4.69; P = 0.000), nonsurgical treatment (HR, 12.838; P = 0.000), and surgery alone (HR, 1.517; P = 0.001) were independent adverse prognostic factors for overall survival. Taken together, the study results suggest that surgery-based multiple therapy is the most effective treatment protocol. The age of 60 years, nonsurgical treatment, and surgery alone were independent adverse prognostic factors for overall survival.
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2545_biomrc
|
Title: @entity2548 and bone healing: experimental study in the XXXX .
The incidence of patients74 is greater in patients with hemodialysis than in the general population. Surgically created anastomosis8 are widely used in end-stage patients77 patients for the vascular access of hemodialysis. Despite occurrence of patients74 at the fistula site in the forearm, bone mineral density is similar in both arms. The effects of anastomosis8 on patients74 healing have not been widely studied. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that a patients74 distal to a surgically-created anastomosis8 has negative effects in a rat osteotomy model. The tibial bones were patients74 in a monocortical fashion bilaterally. No fixation method was used. The right side was used as control. On the left side of the rat , a side-to-side arteriovenous anastomosis was done between the common femoral vessels proximal to the patients74 line under magnification with the operating microscope. Three weeks later, bone segments, including the monocortical osteotomy line, were removed and examined histopathologically. Although the gross appearance of callus formation was not different in both groups, histopathologically, there were more dead medullary bone and less cartilage cells around the osteotomy line in the bone associated with the anastomosis8 . But with short-term evaluation of the patients74 sites after opening an arteriovenous connection proximal to the patients74 site, no real difference was noted related to patients74 healing.
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498_biomrc
|
Title: Identification of @entity23819 intermedius Group by MALDI- XXXX @entity15 .
The Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius intermedius Group includes S. intermedius , Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini, coagulase-positive bacteria commonly isolated from animals. The identification of organisms belonging to this group is presently carried out using molecular methods. This study assessed the suitability of MALDI- TOF MS for their identification. 69 strains of different biological and geographic origins, identified by partial hsp60 gene sequencing as S. intermedius (n=15), Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius (n=32) and S. delphini (n=22), were analyzed by MALDI- TOF MS . The estimated sensitivity, specificity and efficiency were calculated. In addition we computed the agreement between the outcome of MALDI- TOF MS identification and partial hsp60 gene sequencing. The sensitivity of MALDI- TOF MS was higher for S. intermedius [0.95 (95% CI: 0.68-0.99)], than for Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius [0.78 (95% CI: 0.60-0.90)] and S. delphini [0.64 (95% CI: 0.41-0.83)], whereas the specificity was 1 for S. intermedius and S. delphini and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.86-0.99) for Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius . The Cohen's kappa coefficient indicated almost perfect agreement between MALDI- TOF MS and hsp60 gene sequencing for the identification of S. intermedius [0.96 (95% CI: 0.87-1.04)], and substantial agreement for S. delphini and Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius [0.70 (95% CI: 0.52-0.89) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.616-0.92), respectively]. The overall efficiency of the proteomic identification ranged between 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78-0.95) for Staphylococcus, S. pseudintermedius and S. delphini and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.92-0.99) for S. intermedius . MALDI- TOF MS is thus a valuable and reliable tool for the rapid and accurate identification of bacteria belonging to the S. intermedius Group.
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499_biomrc
|
Title: [Transient XXXX attack: the only presenting @entity50 ].
INTRODUCTION: ICHT, Intracranial hypertension ( ICHT, Intracranial hypertension ) is the most frequent presenting venous sinus thrombosis, syndrome of dural vein sinus thrombosis ( patient, man9312 ). A transient ischemic attack as an acute mode of onset is exceptional. CASE REPORT: A right handed, forty years old patient, man with a medical history of recurrent headaches, microcephalia and calcifications in his brain, presenting to the emergency department with left paresis that lasted a few minutes and with a complete recovery. The cerebral and neck magnetic resonance (MR) including MR angiography showed superior sagittal sinus, both transverse sinuses and right sigmoid sinus thrombosis with an increase in size of superficial cerebral venous that drained to the left sigmoid sinus. There was no evidence of intracranial dural malformations . The cerebral MR did not show any abnormal parenchymal enhancement ( edema , patient, man416 , hemorrhage ) including diffusion-weighted IMR. The digital subtraction angiography (ADC) confirmed the same findings as the MR angiography. The diagnosis was a chronic patient, man9312 . We studied stroke in a young adult and we did not find other irregularities. The neurological examination was normal when the patient, man left the hospital with an antiplatelet drug. CONCLUSIONS: Focal neurological deficit is an exceptional event of a chronic vein sinus thrombosis during follow-up. Isolated cases regarding an acute time course have been described. The interest of this case lies in the fact that venous sinus thrombosis, syndrome of dural vein sinus thrombosis rarely has transitory focal deficit in its course and we found no such description as onset symptoms.
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4594_biomrc
|
Title: Capsule thickness of XXXX lenses with and without @entity9998 .
Lens capsule thickness was measured in 105 cataractous, cataract lenses with and without exfoliation syndrome . The lenses were removed by intracapsular cryoextraction. Forty lenses (38%) showed exfoliation, while 65 (62%) were exfoliation negative. Thickness values were measured by light microscopy from the central anterior capsule, central posterior capsule and from the equator. The mean thickness values were for the central anterior capsule 8.2 +/- 3.2 mu, for the central posterior capsule 3.2 +/- 1.4 and for the equator 3.9 +/- 1.3. There was no statistical difference between the exfoliation-positive and exfoliation-negative lenses. The capsule thickness varied greatly throughout the present material. The highest value, 22.4 mu, was measured from an exfoliation-negative central anterior lens capsule of a male patient aged 33 years. The lowest value, 0.6 mu, was measured from an exfoliation-positive central posterior capsule of a male patient aged 64 years. The central posterior capsule is the thinnest area of the lens capsule. The findings call for great caution in polishing the posterior capsule during extracapsular cataractous, cataract surgery. The higher complication rate in eyes with exfoliation syndrome cannot be explained by thinner lens capsules but rather on the more friable zonules.
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4597_biomrc
|
Title: Anal cushion lifting method is a novel radical management strategy for XXXX that does not involve excision or cause postoperative anal complications.
AIM: To describe the anal cushion lifting (ACL) method with preliminary clinical results. METHODS: Between January to September 2007, 127 Patients, patients, patient who received ACL method for hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid was investigated with informed consent. In this study, three surgeons who specialized in anorectal surgery performed the procedures. Patients, patients, patient with grade two or more severe hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid according to Goligher's classification were considered to be indicated for surgery. The Patients, patients, patient were given the choice to undergo either the ACL method or the ligation and excision method. ACL method is an original technique for managing hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid without excision. After dissecting the anal cushion from the internal sphincter muscle, the anal cushion was lifted to oral side and ligated at the proper position. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Patients, patients, patient were recorded including complications after surgery. RESULTS: A total of 127 Patients, patients, patient were enrolled. Their median age was 42 (19-84) years, and 74.8% were female. In addition, more than 99% of the Patients, patients, patient had grade 3 or worse hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid . The median follow-up period was 26 (0-88) mo, and the median operative time was 15 (4-30) min. After surgery, analgesics were used for a median period of three days (0-21). Patients, patients, patient58 control was achieved using extra-oral analgesic drugs, although some Patients, patients, patient required intravenous injections of analgesic drugs. The median duration of the Patients, patients, patient ' postoperative hospital stay was 7 (2-13) d. A total of 10 complications (7.9%) occurred. Bleeding was observed in one Patients, patients, patient and was successfully controlled with manual compression. Urinary retention occurred in 6 Patients, patients, patient , but it disappeared spontaneously in all cases. Recurrent hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid developed in 3 Patients, patients, patient after 36, 47, and 61 mo, respectively. No anal stenosis or persistent anal Patients, patients, patient58 occurred. CONCLUSION: We consider that the ACL method might be better than all other current methods for managing hemorrhoids, hemorrhoid .
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4598_biomrc
|
Title: Surface display of an anti-DEC-205 single chain Fv fragment in XXXX increases internalization and plasmid transfer to dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo.
BACKGROUND: Lactic acid bacteria, LAB ( Lactic acid bacteria, LAB ) are promising vehicles for delivery of a variety of medicinal compounds, including antigens and cytokines. It has also been established that Lactic acid bacteria, LAB are able to deliver cDNA to host cells. To increase the efficiency of Lactic acid bacteria, LAB -driven DNA delivery we have constructed L. plantarum, Lactobacillus plantarum strains targeting DEC-205, which is a receptor located at the surface of dendritic cells (DCs). The purpose was to increase uptake of bacterial cells, which could lead to improved cDNA delivery to immune cells. RESULTS: Anti-DEC-205 antibody (aDec) was displayed at the surface of L. plantarum, Lactobacillus plantarum using three different anchoring strategies: (1) covalent anchoring of aDec to the cell membrane (Lipobox domain, Lip); (2) covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LPXTG domain, CWA); (3) non-covalent anchoring to the cell wall (LysM domain, LysM). aDec was successfully expressed in all three strains, but surface location of the antibody could only be demonstrated for the two strains with cell wall anchors (CWA and LysM). Co-incubation of the engineered strains and DCs showed increased uptake when anchoring aDec using the CWA or LysM anchors. In a competition assay, free anti-DEC abolished the increased uptake, showing that the internalization is due to specific interactions between the DEC-205 receptor and aDec. To test plasmid transfer, a plasmid for expression of GFP under control of an eukaryotic promoter was transformed into the aDec expressing strains and GFP expression in DCs was indeed increased when using the strains producing cell-wall anchored aDec. Plasmid transfer to DCs in the gastro intestinal tract was also detected using a mice, mouse model. Surprisingly, in mice, mouse the highest expression of GFP was observed for the strain in which aDec was coupled to the cell membrane. CONCLUSION: The results show that surface expression of aDec leads to increased internalization of L. plantarum, Lactobacillus plantarum and plasmid transfer in DCs and that efficiency depends on the type of anchor used. Interestingly, in vitro data indicates that cell wall anchoring is more effective, whereas in vivo data seem to indicate that anchoring to the cell membrane is preferable. It is likely that the more embedded localization of aDec in the latter case is favorable when cells are exposed to the harsh conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract.
| null |
4595_biomrc
|
Title: Working mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test for XXXX in @entity309 .
BACKGROUND: This paper demonstrates the mechanism of a multidimensional computerized adaptive test (CAT) to measure Patients, patients, patient295 in Patients, patients, patient with rheumatoid arthritis, RA ( rheumatoid arthritis, RA ). A CAT can be used to precisely measure Patients, patients, patient -reported outcomes at an individual level as items are consequentially selected based on the Patients, patients, patient 's previous answers. The item bank of the CAT Fatigue rheumatoid arthritis, RA has been developed from the Patients, patients, patient ' perspective and consists of 196 items pertaining to three Patients, patients, patient295 dimensions: severity, impact and variability of Patients, patients, patient295 . METHODS: The CAT Fatigue rheumatoid arthritis, RA was completed by fifteen Patients, patients, patient . To test the CAT's working mechanism, we applied the flowchart-check-method. The adaptive item selection procedure for each Patients, patients, patient was checked by the researchers. The estimated Patients, patients, patient295 levels and the measurement precision per dimension were illustrated with the selected items, answers and flowcharts. RESULTS: The CAT Fatigue rheumatoid arthritis, RA selected all items in a logical sequence and those items were selected which provided the most information about the Patients, patients, patient 's individual Patients, patients, patient295 . Flowcharts further illustrated that the CAT reached a satisfactory measurement precision, with less than 20 items, on the dimensions severity and impact and to somewhat lesser extent also for the dimension variability. Patients, patients, patient ' Patients, patients, patient295 scores varied across the three dimensions; sometimes severity scored highest, other times impact or variability. The CAT's ability to display different Patients, patients, patient295 experiences can improve communication in daily clinical practice, guide interventions, and facilitate research into possible predictors of Patients, patients, patient295 . CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the CAT Fatigue rheumatoid arthritis, RA measures precise and comprehensive. Once it is examined in more detail in a consecutive, elaborate validation study, the CAT will be available for implementation in daily clinical practice and for research purposes.
| null |
4600_biomrc
|
Title: Anteroposterior rectopexy in the treatment of XXXX without overt rectal prolapse.
There is evidence that the patients066 is associated with rectal prolapse either overt or internal. The anterior rectal wall is affected in most cases and a modified abdominal rectopexy has been used with the aim of supporting both the anterior and posterior aspects of the rectum. Fourteen patients aged 19-70 years (mean 34.2 years) in whom conservative treatment has failed, have been treated by anteroposterior rectopexy. Tenesmus, bleeding and the passage of mucus have been abolished or greatly improved in 12, 14 and 13 patients respectively. The number of attempts to defaecate per 24 h has fallen from 8.7 +/- 1.4(s.e.m.) pre-operatively to 3.4 +/- 1.0(s.e.m.) postoperatively (P less than 0.05) and the time spent in the lavatory has been reduced from 146 +/- 18(s.e.m.) min to 15 +/- 3(s.e.m.) min. Two patients have developed severe patients142 postoperatively and two others have had persistent or recurrent tenesmus. Combined anteroposterior rectopexy has improved 12 out of 14 patients with the solitary patients066 without external rectal prolapse when assessed at 2-48 months postoperatively.
| null |
2552_biomrc
|
Title: Potential biological role of laccase from the sponge XXXX as an antibacterial defense component.
BACKGROUND: Laccases are copper -containing enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of a wide variety of phenolic substrates. METHODS: We describe the first poriferan laccase from the marine demosponge Suberites domuncula . RESULTS: This enzyme comprises three characteristic multicopper oxidase homologous domains. Immunohistological studies revealed that the highest expression of the laccase is in the surface zone of the animals. The expression level of the laccase gene is strongly upregulated after exposure of the animals to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide. To allow the binding of the recombinant enzyme to ferromagnetic nanoparticles, a recombinant laccase was prepared which contained in addition to the His-tag, a Glu -tag at the N-terminus of the enzyme. The recombinant laccase was enzymatically active. The apparent Michaelis constant of the enzyme is 114 M, using syringaldazine as substrate. Exposure of E. coli to the nanoparticles, coated with Glu -tagged laccase, and to the mediator "2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)" in the presence of lignin, as the oxidizable substrate, resulted in an almost complete inhibition of colony formation. Quantitative studies of the effect of the laccase-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were performed using E. coli grown in suspension in reaction tubes within a magnetic nanoparticle separator. CONCLUSIONS: This newly designed magnetic nanoparticle separator allowed a removal of the nanoparticles after terminating the reaction. Using this system, a strong dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of E. coli by the laccase iron oxide nanoparticles was determined. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: From our data we conclude that the sponge laccase is involved in the anti-bacterial defense of the sponge organism.
| null |
4603_biomrc
|
Title: Tubular complexes in @entity8629 - and @entity3952 -induced @entity788 in XXXX : glycoconjugate pattern, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural findings.
Ductlike tubular complexes in cerulein -induced pancreatitis and oleic acid -induced pancreatic insufficiency were studied to analyze further their origin and development. Immunocytochemistry for pancreatic enzymes, lectin-binding studies, and ultrastructural investigations were combined with autoradiographic quantitation of labeling indices of ductlike cells in tubular complexes. In one group of rats , pancreatitis was induced by infusion of cerulein (10 micrograms kg-1 h-1). In a second group, pancreatic insufficiency was induced by intraductal injection of oleic acid (50 microliters). The investigations were carried out at distinct intervals following induction of pancreatic injury . In both groups of animals, after 3 days, a significant widening of acinar lumina was paralleled by a decreasing height of acinar cells, which showed pronounced retrogressive changes. At this time, acinar cells bound all of the lectins used and retained their immunoreactivity for amylase, trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, and lipase . At further intervals, acinar structures formed typical ductlike complexes, with a progressive loss of immunoreactivity for pancreatic enzymes and a reduced lectin-binding for L-fucose and N-acetylgalactosamine . Autoradiographic quantitation demonstrated no significant labeling of acinar cells undergoing tubular dedifferentiation. In both models, tubular complexes were removed by macrophages. It is concluded that lining cells in tubular complexes represent degenerating acinar cells that have no regenerative potency and have lost their secretory and membrane characteristics.
| null |
2555_biomrc
|
Title: Phylogenetic analysis of subgroup J avian leucosis virus from broiler and native XXXX in Taiwan during 2000-2002.
Subgroup J avian leucosis virus ( ALV -J) causes great economic losses in the poultry industry. One in 3 grandparent farms was closed due to ALV -J infection in 1998 in Taiwan. The remaining 2 farms were forced to import breeding chicks from different breeding companies afterwards. We report on the ALV -J infection status among these breeders, their progeny and Taiwan native chickens during 2000-2002. The weekly mortality for the male line among the infected breeders was higher than that for the female line. Sixty-three percent (5/8) of the broiler flocks were infected with ALV -J. The surface (SU) portion of the env gene from the ALV -J field isolates was cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic results show that all of the isolates fell into 2 clusters. Unexpectedly, the isolates from the same breeds fell into different clusters, with a cluster including isolates from different breeding companies. ALV -Js from native chickens crossbred with imported chickens were placed into the same clusters as those from the imported breeds. The high similarities observed in different ALV -J isolates suggest that different ALV -Js were mixed in the pedigree generations in different breeding lines.
| null |
4606_biomrc
|
Title: Characterization of XXXX fragments produced by @entity59907 .
Cleavage of parathyroid hormone by cathepsin D was studied. Four primary products were detected and separated by high performance liquid chromatography. Two of the fragments are fluorescent and therefore contain residue 23 ( tryptophan ). These fragments are NH2 -terminal in origin. The other two cross-react with antisera directed against COOH -terminal portions of the hormone; they are the complementary COOH -terminal fragments. Microsequencing and amino acid analysis showed that the two COOH -terminal fragments are 35-84 and 38-84 bovine parathyroid hormone . By CNBr cleavage and amino acid analysis, the two NH2 -terminal fragments were shown to be the complementary 1-37 and 1-34 fragments. The 1-37 fragment is transitory and is rapidly hydrolyzed to 1-34, so that only relatively small amounts are detected at any one time. However, 34-84 was not converted to 38-84, although cleavage at other sites in the COOH -terminal fragments was observed with more exhaustive digestion. The 1-34 fragment appears to be the final product of the action of cathepsin D on parathyroid hormone . Both enzymatically produced NH2 -terminal fragments were fully active in the renal membrane adenylyl cyclase assay system.
| null |
510_biomrc
|
Title: Exploring the Altered Dynamics of @entity1 Central XXXX Metabolic Pathway in Cancer Cells: A Classical Control Theoretic Approach.
BACKGROUND: In contrast with normal cells, most of the tumor, cancer cells depend on aerobic glycolysis for energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate, ATP ( adenosine triphosphate, ATP ) bypassing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Moreover, compared to normal cells, tumor, cancer cells exhibit higher consumption of glucose with higher production of lactate . Again, higher rate of glycolysis provides the necessary glycolytic intermediary precursors for DNA, protein and lipid synthesis to maintain high active proliferation of the tumor, cancer cells. In this scenario, classical control theory based approach may be useful to explore the altered dynamics of the tumor, cancer cells. Since the dynamics of the tumor, cancer cells is different from that of the normal cells, understanding their dynamics may lead to development of novel therapeutic strategies. METHOD: We have developed a model based on the state space equations of classical control theory along with an order reduction technique to mimic the actual dynamic behavior of mammalian central tumor, cancer05 metabolic (CCM) pathway in normal cells. Here, we have modified Michaelis Menten kinetic equation to incorporate feedback mechanism along with perturbations and cross talks associated with a metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we have perturbed the proposed model to reduce the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Thereafter, we have connected proportional-integral (PI) controller(s) with the model for tuning it to behave like the CCM pathway of a tumor, cancer cell. This methodology allows one to track the altered dynamics mediated by different enzymes. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The proposed model successfully mimics all the probable dynamics of the CCM pathway in normal cells. Moreover, experimental results demonstrate that in tumor, cancer cells, a coordination among enzymes catalyzing pentose phosphate pathway and intermediate glycolytic enzymes along with switching of pyruvate kinase (M2 isoform) plays an important role to maintain their altered dynamics.
| null |
4607_biomrc
|
Title: Mortality and renal function decline among a community-based Chinese population with normal or mildly XXXX .
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies of the mortality and renal outcomes among the population with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >30 mL/ participants, patients, person009 .73 m(2) and among the elderly are limited, especially in developing countries. METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 1563 residents aged 59.5 9.4 years from an urban district of Beijing, China. All participants, patients, person had an eGFR >30 mL/ participants, patients, person009 .73 m(2). Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and eGFR were assessed at baseline, and their relation with mortality and renal function decline after a 4-year follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS: During 4 years (6142 participants, patients, person -years) of follow-up, 59 deaths occurred (9.6 per 1000 participants, patients, person -years). After adjusting for potential confounders, albuminuria was associated with increased risk of mortality, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.09 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53-6.26]. Altogether 183 participants, patients, person (12.3%) developed renal function decline, with a median change of eGFR of -20.0 mL/ participants, patients, person009 .73 m(2). Presence of albuminuria was significantly associated renal function decline, with an OR of 1.79 (95% CI 1.02-3.15). Plasma uric acid (OR = 1.25/59 mol/L increase, 95% CI 1.10-1.43) and age (OR = 1.35/5 years increase, 95% CI 1.22-1.50) was also independently associated with renal function decline. Baseline eGFR was not significantly associated with either mortality or renal function decline in our analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with eGFR, albuminuria is a strong independent predictor for both mortality and renal function decline among a Chinese population with normal or mildly impaired renal function . Furthermore, plasma uric acid level and age are also independently associated with renal function decline and therefore may be used for identifying participants, patients, person at higher risk of chronic kidney disease progression.
| null |
2559_biomrc
|
Title: Correction for preload in assessment of myocardial contractility in aortic and @entity339 . Application of the concept of systolic XXXX .
With single-beat analysis, the new concept of systolic myocardial stiffness is applied to provide a new approach for the assessment of myocardial contractility in aortic and mitral valve disease, mitral regurgitation . Seventy Patients, patients underwent diagnostic right and left heart catheterization. Twenty-six Patients, patients had aortic stenosis , 18 had aortic insufficiency , and 26 had mitral valve disease, mitral regurgitation . Patients, patients with aortic stenosis were divided into two groups on the basis of left ventricular mass index less than 172 g/m2 ( Patients, patients673 ) and mass index greater than or equal to 172 g/m2 (AS2). The mitral valve disease, mitral regurgitation Patients, patients were divided into those in normal sinus rhythm ( MR1 ) and those in atrial fibrillation (MR2). Nine Patients, patients without significant coronary or cardiovascular disease served as controls. Thirteen Patients, patients with aortic stenosis and eight with aortic insufficiency were evaluated (average, approximately 18 months) after successful aortic valve replacement. With simultaneous left ventricular pressure and cineangiographic methods, myocardial contractility was assessed by the conventional ejection fraction-afterload relation (uncorrected for preload) and by two new methods that permit the correction of the ejection fraction for preload. Assessments of the contractile state by these two new methods differed from those by the conventional method in 20-40% of the cases studied. Contractile state improved postoperatively in aortic stenosis and aortic insufficiency even in Patients, patients with preoperative depressed contractile states. In Patients, patients with mitral valve disease, mitral regurgitation , there was considerable heterogeneity of contractile function preoperatively. Severe left Patients, patients23 in aortic stenosis was not a marker for postoperative outcome since contractility was normal postoperatively in Patients, patients673 and AS2 in equal numbers. This study demonstrates that preload correction is important in a preoperative assessment of contractility in aortic and mitral valve disease, mitral regurgitation but that it is less important postoperatively, presumably because of reductions in the preload.
| null |
514_biomrc
|
Title: Genetic Evaluation of Copy Number Variations, Loss of Heterozygosity, and Single-Nucleotide Variant Levels in XXXX Embryonic Stem Cells With or Without Skewed X Chromosome Inactivation.
UNASSIGNED: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibiting skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) have been reported. The copy number variations (CNVs), loss of heterozygosity (LOH), or single- nucleotide variant (SNV) events in those epigenetically distinct cells remain unknown, and whether such genetic abnormalities will influence the XCI status of hESCs is unclear. In this study, three hESCs with skewed XCI, three with random XCI, and two male hESC lines at different passages were analyzed for CNVs and LOH levels using a high-resolution genotyping microarray. Whole-exome sequencing was used to investigate the potentially damaging SNVs. On average, 17.6 CNVs and 5.3 cases of LOH were identified in the skewed hESCs, which were similar to the rates observed in random hESCs. Five recurrent CNV regions were uniquely identified in the skewed hESCs, but all of them were considered polymorphisms. With the exception of a nongenic CNV , no additional CNVs were detected on the X chromosome in the skewed hESCs. Although the XCI status in two hESC lines was observed to be changed from random to skewed, no significant CNV difference was identified before and after the XCI change. SNV analysis indicated that normal alleles are maintained for most genes within copy-neutral LOH regions. Three types of expression patterns were observed in heterozygous alleles, and the damaging SNVs in skewed hESCs favored the expression of the wild-type alleles. In conclusion, in the present study, we did not find genetic differences in the CNV and LOH levels between hESCs with and without skewed XCI. Wild-type allele expression in the presence of damaging SNVs on the X chromosome in skewed hESCs might alleviate adverse effects in those hESCs.
| null |
4610_biomrc
|
Title: @entity8 in chronic aristolochic acid XXXX and protective effects of Cozaar.
BACKGROUND: To investigate the nephropathy, renal microvascular injury, Renal microvascular injury in chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy, renal microvascular injury, Renal microvascular injury (AAN) and the protective effects of Cozaar. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, Rats were randomized into three groups. Sprague-Dawley rats, Rats in the model group received Caulis Aristolochiae manshuriensis (CAM) decoction by gavage (10 mL/kg/day); those in the Cozaar group were gavaged with CAM and Cozaar (33.3 mg/kg/day); and those in the control group only received an equal daily volume of saline solution by gavage. Kidney tissues were observed under a light and electron microscope. CD34 , caspase-3 , and bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 ( bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 ) were determined by immunohistochemistry, and expressions of angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2 , Tie-2 , bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 , and vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF ( vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF ) mRNA were monitored via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: (1) The kidney tissue injury in the chronic AAN model group was apparent, compared to the normal structure in the normal control group, and the Cozaar group showed relieved injury. (2) The expression of caspase-3 in the model group was elevated, while expressions of bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 and CD34 were decreased (p < 0.05). Cozaar lessened caspase-3 expression (p < 0.05) and promoted bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 and CD34 expressions (p < 0.05). (3) Real-time PCR demonstrated a downregulation of Ang-1 , Tie-2 , bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 , and vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF mRNA (p < 0.05) and an upregulation of Ang-2 mRNA (p < 0.01) in the renocortex, while Cozaar upregulated the expression of Ang-1 , Tie-2 , bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 , and vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF mRNA (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: nephropathy, renal microvascular injury, Renal microvascular injury was observed in chronic AAN, which was hypothetically correlated with a lack in the expressions of Ang-1 , bone morphogenetic protein-7, BMP-7 , Tie-2 , and vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF and an excess in caspase-3 and Ang-2 . Cozaar can significantly ameliorate the nephropathy, renal microvascular injury, Renal microvascular injury and protect renal function.
| null |
2565_biomrc
|
Title: Current prescription pattern of maintenance treatments for XXXX @entity1 in Korea: A focus on the transition from acute treatments.
AIMS: We examined prescription patterns in maintenance treatment for recovered patients62 patients and compared these with acute treatments. METHODS: Using retrospective methods, the patients62 patients in clinical recovery (Clinical Global Impression Bipolar Version score <= 2 for 6 months) after acute episode were selected. We reviewed differences between prescription patterns at remission and after a maintenance period of at least 6 months. RESULTS: A total of 340 patients62 patients were selected. During the maintenance period, more than half of the patients (192, 56.5%) took a patients316 ( patients316 ) + antipsychotic (AP) combination. Among the patients316 , patients092 (149, 43.8%) was most prescribed, and patients091 (98, 28.8%) was second, but as patients moved into maintenance treatment, patients091 use decreased, and the use of lamotrigine (86, 25.3%) increased. Preferred AP were patients089 (125, 36.8%), patients770 (67, 19.7%), patients090 (48, 14.1%), and patients037 (39, 11.5%). The use of patients037 in maintenance was greatly decreased compared with that during acute treatment (67, 19.7%). Most patients did not take an antidepressant (AD), but the proportion using one or more AD was increased during maintenance (17.9% to 30.3%), and bupropion (28, 8.2%) was the preferred AD. Doses were decreased in all drugs, but lamotrigine was maintained at a dose of 133.2 68.5 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS: The most common prescription combination for patients62 maintenance treatment was patients316 + AP. The use of AP was decreased, whereas the use of AD in combination with patients316 and/or AP was increased. The doses of patients316 and AP were generally decreased during the maintenance periods, with the exception of lamotrigine .
| null |
518_biomrc
|
Title: A Matched Case-Control Study Using the Propensity Score on Differences in the Characteristics of XXXX between Younger and Older Koreans: Proximal Shift in the Distribution of @entity1127 among Older Koreans.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Several studies have found that the frequency of patients127 increases significantly from the age of 50 years. The goal of this study was to determine the differences in the clinical characteristics of patients127 between patients aged 50 years and older, and younger patients . METHODS: The colonoscopy database of 3,304 patients at the Yeungnam University Medical Center between January 2009 and December 2009 was reviewed retrospectively. In total, 679 patients were divided into the younger group (n=170) and the older group (aged >= 50 years) (n=509). A matched case-control study was performed using propensity scores and 117 patients selected from each group. RESULTS: Compared to the younger group, the older group had a significantly higher proportion of female patients , and patients with patients01 , a smoking history, and a history of taking medications. After performing the matched case-control study, 234 patients and 679 patients586 were included in the analysis. Compared to the younger patients , the older patients had a significantly higher proportion of multiple lesions (57.3% vs 25.6%, p<0.001), left- and right-side distribution (35.9% vs 12.0%, p<0.001), and larger patients127 (mean 9.1 mm vs 6.3 mm, p<0.001). A left-sided distribution was less common in the older group than in the younger group (35.0% vs 51.3%, p=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: The methods used to screen for patients4 in older patients should include colonoscopy due to the shift to the right side as a common location for patients127 in that age group.
| null |
4616_biomrc
|
Title: Partial purification and properties of XXXX liver polynucleotide phosphorylase.
1. Polynucleotide phosphorylase has been isolated and partially purified from crude preparations of guinea-pig liver nuclei. 2. The enzyme is particulate and associated with RNA and lipids characteristic of membranes. 3. It has phosphorolysis and exchange activities, but the latter may be due to a contaminating enzyme. 4. The phosphorolysis activity is dependent on bivalent cations, preferably Mg(2+) , has a pH optimum between 8.6 and 9.2 and is inhibited by potassium chloride and sodium chloride . 5. The enzyme catalyses phosphorolysis of poly A, poly C, poly U, rRNA and tRNA. Poly G is only phosphorolysed to a very small extent and DNA is not a substrate. 6. The enzyme appears to lack nucleoside diphosphate polymerization activity.
| null |
4618_biomrc
|
Title: [Validation of a questionnaire for the diagnosis of XXXX ].
PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a questionnaire for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with symptoms suggestive of eye surface pathology. To evaluate the efficacy of dry eye, dry eyes treatment. METHODS: Samples were chosen among dry eye, dry eyes patients (n=44). A control group was chosen among the healthy population. The questionnaire was filled in at the beginning and end of the treatment with patients6313 + polyvinyl alcohol (Siccafluid, Thea , Spain) four times a day. Initial and final punctuation was established and confronted with other classic diagnostic tests; fluorescein tear break up time, Schirmer test and Rose Bengal staining. RESULTS: Red eyes, lid inflammation , discharge, dry eye, dry eyes , sandy and foreign body sensations, burning, itching, discomfort, pricking, tearing and photophobia got significantly better after treatment (p<0.05). Lid reddening, lid inflammation , flakes in lashes, sticky eyes in the morning, teary eyes, transitory blurring vision and heavy sensation didn't improve (p>0.05). Total punctuation was significantly reduced at one month of treatment (p<0.01). Validation of the test was done against other standard tests (Schirmer test and Rose Bengal). We found a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 71.5% for Schirmer test and a sensibility of 77% and specificity of 65% if gold standard was Rose Bengal. Predictive value (positive and negative), global value of the test and likelihood ratios were also assessed. CONCLUSION: This questionnaire is useful for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with dry eye, dry eyes and other ocular surface symptoms. patients6313 + polyvinyl alcohol is useful for the treatment of patients with secretor tear insufficiency.
| null |
4619_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX , @entity390 , @entity391 and ocular complications delay discharge following ambulatory microdiscectomy.
OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, microsurgical discectomy is being performed as an outpatient procedure. A retrospective chart review was done to document factors that delayed discharge or led to unanticipated admission. METHODS: After Institutional Review Board approval, the hospital medical records of 106 patients who underwent microsurgical discectomy on an ambulatory basis were reviewed. All patients were operated upon by a single surgeon at the Toronto Western Hospital. Perioperative data were collected on specifically designed data sheets. All anesthetic and surgical factors that affected discharge were noted. RESULTS: Of the 106 patients reviewed, only six required unanticipated admission. Two patients were admitted due to nausea and vomiting , one due to severe patients58 , one due to urinary retention and two were surgical causes (dural tear). Eight patients had delayed discharge. Anesthesia causes were severe nausea , severe patients58 , low oxygen saturation, sore throat and dry eyes . Two patients had surgical causes. The incidence of patients209 was 9.4%. Eighty patients (75.4%) complained of patients58 in the postanesthesia care unit. Of these, 33.9% had visual analogue pain scale scores more than 6. CONCLUSION: Ambulatory lumbar microdiscectomy can be carried out as an ambulatory procedure with an acceptably low unanticipated admission rate (5.7%). The percentage of patients with severe nausea (16%) and patients58 (33.9%) is high. Adequate perioperative patients58 management and effective control of nausea and vomiting may further improve the patients ' experience after anesthesia for ambulatory microdiscectomy.
| null |
524_biomrc
|
Title: Comparing 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open approaches for resection of pediatric XXXX : Evidence from NSQIP.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Thoracoscopic surgery has been increasingly utilized in treating pediatric congenital lung malformations, CLM ( congenital lung malformations, CLM ). Comparative studies evaluating 30-day outcomes between thoracoscopic and open resection of congenital lung malformations, CLM are lacking. METHODS: There were 258 Patients, patients, patient identified in pediatric NSQIP with a congenital lung malformations, CLM and pulmonary resection in 2012-2013. Comparisons of Patients, patients, patient characteristics and outcomes between surgical approaches were made using standard univariate statistics. In addition, a propensity score match was performed to evaluate outcomes in similar Patients, patients, patient cohorts. RESULTS: One-hundred twelve Patients, patients, patient (43.4%) received thoracoscopic resections and 146 Patients, patients, patient (56.6%) received open resections. Patients, patients, patient undergoing open resections were more likely to be less than 5months of age and have a comorbidity/preoperative condition (47.3% vs. 25.0%, p<0.001). The extent of resection was a lobectomy in 84.8% of thoracoscopic and 92.5% of open resection Patients, patients, patient . Median operative time was similar between both groups (thoracoscopic 172 vs. open 153.5minutes). On univariate analysis, thoracoscopic resection was associated with decreased postoperative complications (9.8% vs. 25.3%, p=0.001) and LOS (3 vs. 4days, p<0.001). However, after adjusting for similar Patients, patients, patient and operative characteristics, no significant differences were encountered between techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Thoracoscopic and open resection provide comparable 30-day outcomes and safety in the management of congenital lung malformations, CLM .
| null |
2572_biomrc
|
Title: Skin @entity10631 in primary XXXX @entity1 .
Skin manifestations are prevalent in Participants, participants, children, patients200 ( Participants, participants, children, patients200 ). In a large proportion of Participants, participants, children, patients , they manifest as presenting signs and serve as important factors for the early diagnosis of Participants, participants, children, patients200 . Only a few studies describing the spectrum of skin lesions, Skin infections, skin disorders in Participants, participants, children, patients200 are available. The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of skin manifestations in Participants, participants, children, patients with Participants, participants, children, patients200 . Participants, participants, children, patients were 128 pediatric Participants, participants, children, patients with Participants, participants, children, patients200 (aged <16 years) registered prospectively over 6 years. Skin manifestations were observed in 61 Participants, participants, children, patients (48%), and those manifestations were the presenting features in 50 (39% of total Participants, participants, children, patients200 and 82% of those with skin lesions, Skin infections, skin disorders ). skin lesions, Skin infections, skin disorders were the most prevalent manifestations , seen in 39 Participants, participants, children, patients (30%), followed by eczema, eczemas in 24 (19%). skin lesions, Skin infections, skin disorders were significantly more prevalent in those with Participants, participants, children, patients54 in phagocyte number, function, or both, as well as in those with well-defined immunodeficiencies . Although widely present in all Participants, participants, children, patients with Participants, participants, children, patients200 , eczema, eczemas was a consistent feature (100%) in Participants, participants, children, patients with Participants, participants, children, patients4783 and Participants, participants, children, patients7454 ( Participants, participants, children, patients7454 ). Erythroderma of infancy with diffuse alopecia was seen exclusively in Participants, participants, children, patients with severe Participants, participants, children, patients200 , telangiectasia in Participants, participants, children, patients with Participants, participants, children, patients129 , and partial albinism with silvery gray hair in those with Participants, participants, children, patients3277 . Autoimmune skin manifestations were observed in 6% of reported cases of Participants, participants, children, patients200 . This study highlights the importance of awareness of skin manifestations of Participants, participants, children, patients200 to assist in the early diagnosis and management of these disorders.
| null |
2573_biomrc
|
Title: A chronic XXXX model by coronary artery ligation in the @entity1237 .
The availability of a reliable heart failure model in large animals is important. We report upon our efforts to develop a chronic heart failure model in seven goats using sequential ligation of the LAD, left anterior descending ( LAD, left anterior descending ) coronary artery and its diagonal branch. After anesthesia and left thoracotomy, the LAD, left anterior descending artery was ligated, and the diagonal vessel at the same level was ligated one hour later. Cardiac measurements were performed with a thermodilution catheter and by ultrasonography. Two months after the operation, the same measurements were made and animals were sacrificed for postmortem examinations of their hearts. Hemodynamic measurements, except cardiac output, showed no significant changes immediately after the coronary artery ligation. Echocardiographic measurements showed significant changes in the ejection fraction and fractional shortening without changes in left ventricular dimensions. Wall motion analyses demonstrated variable degrees of anteroseptal dyskinesia, akinesia and dyskinesia, akinesia in all animals immediately after coronary artery ligation. Five animals have undergone hemodynamic and ultrasonographic studies 2 months after coronary artery ligation. The results obtained from these animals showed significant increases in central venous pressure, right ventricular pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and pulmonary artery capillary wedge pressure, and a significant decrease in cardiac output. Increases in left ventricular dimensions and decreases in ejection fraction with fractional shortening in ultrasonographic studies were also observed. Pathologically, well-demarcated thin-walled anteroseptal infarcts , with chamber enlargement, were clearly seen with dilatation of the heart chambers in all specimens. Based on this study, we conclude that goats , like sheep , can provide a reliable model of chronic heart failure by coronary artery ligation and in view of the many advantages offered by goats , we believe that this animal model will be useful for cardiac experimentation.
| null |
2576_biomrc
|
Title: Prospective study of educational background and XXXX in Japan.
BACKGROUND: Different lifestyle choices are commonly regarded as a reflection of socioeconomic status, and the latter is inversely correlated with the risk of developing cancer, stomach cancer . However, the details of this association are still unclear in terms of the degree to which lifestyle factors are having impact. To explain the correlation between socioeconomic status and cancer, stomach cancer , we therefore examined the roles played by different lifestyle factors. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of diet and cancer, stomach cancer was initiated in Japan during 1988. Data were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. A follow-up survey was conducted annually, and the cause of death was recorded from the death certificate. The total of 127,477 study participants, women, person, men resided in 45 areas of Japan, and we retrieved data for 18,746 participants, women, person, men and 26,184 participants, women, person, men for the present analysis. After 328,030 participants, women, person, men -years of follow-up, 379 deaths from cancer, stomach cancer were detected: 261 in participants, women, person, men and 118 in participants, women, person, men . RESULTS: For participants, women, person, men , the age-adjusted relative risk was lowest in the highly educated group (relative risk = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.50-1.04). Relative risk after adjustment for age and dietary choices (including pickles, vegetables, fruit, green tea, and preference for salty foods) was the same as the age-adjusted relative risk (relative risk = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.50-1.04). CONCLUSION: The expected inverse correlation between education level and death from cancer, stomach cancer was observed in participants, women, person, men . However, this association could not be explained by differences in dietary habits, smoking, or participants, women, person, men67 consumption associated with socioeconomic status.
| null |
4624_biomrc
|
Title: Differential potentiation by depolarization of the effects of @entity460 antagonists on contraction and XXXX current in @entity840 heart.
1. The effects of elevation of extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o) on the negative inotropic potencies of three representative calcium antagonists, diltiazem , verapamil and nifedipine , were investigated in guinea-pig papillary muscle preparations. 2. The negative inotropic effect of diltiazem was potentiated 110 fold when [K+]o was raised from 2.7 mM to 12.7 mM. The effect of verapamil was also potentiated to a lesser extent, but that of nifedipine was not affected. 3. Resting membrane potentials in ventricular muscles were about -80 mV and -60 mV in 2.7 mM K+ and 12.7 mM K+, respectively. 4. To clarify the mechanism responsible for the differential potentiation of the negative inotropic effects, the blocking actions of the three calcium antagonists on the L-type Ca2+ channel current (ICa(L)) were compared at the holding potentials of -80 mV and -60 mV by the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. 5. The use-dependent blocking effect of diltiazem on ICa(L) was enhanced markedly by the change in the holding potential from -80 mV to -60 mV. The effect of verapamil was also enhanced to a lesser extent but that of nifedipine was not affected in this range of depolarization. 6. The differential effects of the [K+]o elevation on the negative inotropic potencies of the three calcium antagonists are explained by the differences in voltage-dependency of their use-dependent blocking effects on ICa(L). 7. The properties of diltiazem and verapamil observed in this study may contribute to their protective effects on the ischaemic myocardium, without affecting the normal myocardium.
| null |
4628_biomrc
|
Title: Linear accelerator radiosurgery for XXXX in and around the cavernous sinus.
OBJECTIVE: A retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of linear accelerator radiosurgery in the treatment of cavernous tumor0 . METHODS: Between 1993 and 2001, 42 patients, patient with patients, patient653 involving the cavernous sinus underwent linear accelerator radiosurgery at our institution. A mean radiation dose of 14 Gy was delivered to the tumor margin. The median tumor volume was 8.2 cm3 (mean, 8.4 cm3). Median follow-up was 36 months (mean, 38 mo). RESULTS: Control of tumor growth was achieved in 97.5% of the patients, patient . There was no mortality or permanent extraocular motor or edema611 . Treatment-related complications included new patients, patient6 in 4.7% and a new visual field defect in 2.8%. Two patients, patient required shunt placement after developing patients, patient276 . One patients, patient with symptomatic temporal lobe edema underwent partial excision of the tumor . Improvement of existing patients, patient29 was noted in 29% of affected trigeminal nerves, in 22% of oculomotor nerves, and in 13% of Cranial Nerves IV and VI. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that linear accelerator radiosurgery can achieve a high control rate of patients, patient653 involving the cavernous sinus with no mortality and a low incidence of morbidity.
| null |
2584_biomrc
|
Title: Unilateral @entity6391 with XXXX in the fellow eye.
PURPOSE: The purpose was to report a case of unilateral retinitis pigmentosa with ametropic amblyopia, amblyopia in the other eye. METHODS: Eight years ago, a 36-year-old woman, patient complained of peripheral visual field loss in her left eye when she covered her right eye. Complete ophthalmological examinations including fundus photography and fluorescein angiography, full-field electroretinography, dark adaptation, and microperimetry were performed. RESULTS: Best-corrected visual acuity of the woman, patient was 0.2 with +2.5 diopters in her right eye and 0.3 with +1.5 diopters in her left eye. Fundus examination did not reveal any abnormalities in the right eye , but narrow retinal vessels, optic disc pallor, and peripheral retinal pigment clumping was found in the left eye. The full-field electroretinography was normal in the right eye, but rod response, cone response, and combined response were non-recordable, and 30-Hz response was very small in the left eye. Dark adaptation thresholds were normal in the right eye, but were dramatically elevated in the left eye. Microperimetry was normal in the right eye, but the visual field was reduced to a 2x5 degrees central field in the left eye. CONCLUSION: Unilateral retinitis pigmentosa with ametropic amblyopia, amblyopia in the other eye is a rare condition. The woman, patient presented here had a case of unilateral retinitis pigmentosa with the other eye with ametropic amblyopia, amblyopia . It is necessary to perform functional and morphological ophthalmological examinations to confirm the diagnosis.
| null |
4636_biomrc
|
Title: The distribution of primary @entity842 synthase- and XXXX - immunoreactive afferents in the dorsal funiculus of the lumbosacral spinal cord in a @entity235 .
1. The aim of the present study was to examine the distribution of unmyelinated, small-diameter myelinated neuronal nitric oxide synthase immunoreactive (nNOS-IR) axons and large-diameter myelinated neuronal nitric oxide synthase and parvalbumin -immunoreactive (PV-IR) axons in the dorsal funiculus (DF) of sacral (S1-S3) and lumbar (L1-L7) segments of the dog .2. nNOS and PV immunohistochemical methods were used to demonstrate the presence of nNOS-IR and PV-IR in the large-diameter myelinated, presumed to be proprioceptive, axons in the DF along the lumbosacral segments.3. Fiber size and density of nNOS-IR and PV-IR axons were used to compartmentalize the DF into five compartments (CI-CV). The first compartment (CI) localized in the lateralmost part of the DF, containing both unmyelinated and small-diameter myelinated nNOS-IR axons, is homologous with the dorsolateral fasciculus, or Lissauer tract. The second compartment (CII) having similar fiber organization as CI is situated more medially in sacral segments. Rostrally, in lower lumbar segments, CII moves more medially, and at upper lumbar level, CII reaches the dorsomedial angle of the DF and fuses with axons of CIV . CIII is the largest in the DF and the only one containing large-diameter myelinated nNOS-IR and PV-IR axons. The largest nNOS-IR and PV-IR axons of CIII (8.0-9.2 mum in diameter), presumed to be stem Ia proprioceptive afferents, are located in the deep portion of the DF close to the dorsal and dorsomedial border of the dorsal horn. The CIV compartment varies in shape, appearing first as a small triangular area in S3 and S2 segments, homologous with the Philippe-Gombault triangle. Beginning at S1 level, CIV acquires a more elongated shape and is seen throughout the lumbar segments as a narrow band of fibers extending just below the dorsal median septum in approximately upper two-thirds of the DF. The CV is located in the basal part of the DF. In general, CV is poor in nNOS-IR fibers; among them solitary PV-IR fibers are seen.4. The analysis of the control material and the degeneration of the large- and medium-caliber nNOS-IR fibers after unilateral L7 and S1 dorsal rhizotomy confirmed that large-caliber nNOS-IR and and PV-IR axons, presumed to be proprioceptive Ia axons, and their ascending and descending collaterals are present in large number in the DF of the lumbosacral intumescence. However, in the DF of the upper lumbar segments, the decrease in the number of nNOS-IR and PV-IR fibers is quite evident.
| null |
541_biomrc
|
Title: Clinical and microbiological efficacy of XXXX in the treatment of @entity4760 .
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and microbiological efficacy of MDT, maggot debridement therapy ( MDT, maggot debridement therapy ) in the management of diabetic foot ulcers unresponsive to conventional treatment and surgical intervention. METHOD: Consecutive diabetic patients with foot wounds presenting at the vascular surgery unit and the diabetic foot unit of Alexandria Main University Hospital were selected for MDT, maggot debridement therapy . Lucilia sericata medicinal maggots were applied to the patients066 for three days per week. Changes in the percentage of necrotic tissue and patients066 surface area were recorded each week over the 12-week follow-up period. Semiquantitative swab technique was used to determine the bacterial load before and after MDT, maggot debridement therapy . RESULTS: The sample comprised 10 patients with 13 diabetic foot ulcers . The mean baseline patients066 surface area was 23.5cm2 (range 1.3-63.1), and the mean percentage of necrotic tissue was 74.9% (range 29.9-100). Complete debridement was achieved in all patients066 in a mean of 1.9 weeks (range 1-4). Five patients066 (38.5%) were completely debrided with one three-day MDT, maggot debridement therapy cycle. The mean reduction in patients066 size was significant at 90.2%, and this occurred in a mean of 8.1 weeks (range 2-12). The mean weekly reduction in patients066 size was 16.1% (range 8.3-50). Full wound healing occurred in 11 patients066 (84.6%) within a mean of 7.3 weeks (range 2-10). The bacterial load of all patients066 reduced sharply after the first MDT, maggot debridement therapy cycle to below the 10(5) threshold, which facilitates healing. CONCLUSION: The results highlight the potential benefits of MDT, maggot debridement therapy in diabetic wound care in developing countries. MDT, maggot debridement therapy was proved to be a rapid, simple and efficient method of treating these patients066 .
| null |
2589_biomrc
|
Title: @entity1618 and Regulatory T Cells Cooperate in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy To Ameliorate XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Human studies demonstrated that allergen-specific immunotherapy (IT) represents an effective treatment for allergic diseases, chronic allergic asthma, allergic disease . IT involves repeated administration of the sensitizing allergen, indicating a crucial contribution of T cells to its medicinal benefit. However, the underlying mechanisms of IT, especially in a Human02 , are far from being definitive. In the current study, we sought to elucidate the suppressive mechanisms of IT in a Human9 model of allergic diseases, chronic allergic asthma, allergic disease . OVA-sensitized Human9 were challenged with OVA or PBS for 4 wk. After development of airway inflammation, chronic airway inflammation , Human9 received OVA-specific IT or placebo alternately to airway challenge for 3 wk. To analyze the T cell-mediated mechanisms underlying IT in vivo, we elaborated the role of T-bet-expressing Th1 cells, T cell-derived Human618 , and Ag-specific thymic as well as peripherally induced Foxp3 (+) regulatory T (Treg) cells. IT ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation, chronic airway inflammation in a chronic asthma model. Of note, IT even resulted in a regression of structural changes in the airways following chronic inhaled allergen exposure. Concomitantly, IT induced Th1 cells, Foxp3 (+), and Human618 -producing Treg cells. Detailed analyses revealed that thymic Treg cells crucially contribute to the effectiveness of IT by promoting Human618 production in Foxp3 -negative T cells. Together with the peripherally induced Ag-specific Foxp3 (+) Treg cells, thymic Foxp3 (+) Treg cells orchestrate the curative mechanisms of IT. Taken together, we demonstrate that IT is effective in a chronic allergic diseases, chronic allergic asthma, allergic disease and dependent on Human618 and thymic as well as peripherally induced Ag-specific Treg cells.
| null |
2590_biomrc
|
Title: Bacteria and granulation tissue associated with XXXX .
OBJECTIVES: Although complications ( infection , development of granulation tissue) of patients, patient346 Montgomery T-tubes have been reported, the microbiological consequences and the origin of granulation tissue have not yet been evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective trial. METHODS: Twenty-three Montgomery T-tubes from 10 patients, patient were analyzed with regard to the development of granulation tissue, bacterial growth (including genotyping with polymerase chain reaction), and results of sensitivity testing. Furthermore, stent sterilization (n = 6) was investigated. RESULTS: Granulation tissue occurred with 74% of the stents, and all specimens showed signs of infection but no foreign body reaction. The predominant organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, S aureus (35%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P aeruginosa (17%). The differences between groups with and without granulation tissue were significant for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P aeruginosa . Polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting of the Staphylococcus aureus, S aureus obtained from 15 stents (n = 3 patients, patient ) revealed a total of seven different genotypes. Whereas two of these patients, patient harbored six different genotypes of Staphylococcus aureus, S aureus , the third patients, patient was persistently colonized by Staphylococcus aureus, S aureus over a 15-month period with the identical genotype. Susceptibility testing showed most commonly (65%) sensitivity to a combination of patients, patient15 - clavulanate and ofloxacin . After sterilization, 92% of analyzed stent segments showed no bacterial growth. CONCLUSIONS: Granulation tissue commonly occurred next to the patients, patient346 (subglottic area, stoma) where Staphylococcus aureus, S aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P aeruginosa were commonly isolated. A combination of mechanical irritation and bacterial infection seems to account for the development of granulation tissue. Polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting showed both prolonged persistence and a change of colonizing strains after multiple stent replacements. A combination of patients, patient15 - clavulanate and ofloxacin is the most effective antibiotic therapy. Sterilization of the cost-intensive patients, patient346 stents is feasible, and reuse in the same patients, patient is justifiable from economic aspects.
| null |
4642_biomrc
|
Title: Multi-institutional validation of a novel textural analysis tool for preoperative stratification of suspected XXXX on diffusion-weighted MRI.
PURPOSE: Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirate cytology fails to diagnose many malignant thyroid nodules; consequently, patients may undergo diagnostic lobectomy. This study assessed whether textural analysis (TA) could noninvasively stratify thyroid nodules accurately using diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI). METHODS: This multi-institutional study examined 3T DW-MRI images obtained with spin echo echo planar imaging sequences. The training data set included 26 patients from Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the test data set included 18 thyroid cancer patients from Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, New York, USA). Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were compared over regions of interest (ROIs) defined on thyroid nodules. TA, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and feature reduction were performed using the 21 MaZda-generated texture parameters that best distinguished benign and malignant ROIs. RESULTS: Training data set mean ADC values were significantly different for benign and malignant nodules (P = 0.02) with a sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 63%, respectively, and a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73. The LDA model of the top 21 textural features correctly classified 89/94 DW-MRI ROIs with 92% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and an AUC of 0.97. This algorithm correctly classified 16/18 (89%) patients in the independently obtained test set of thyroid DW-MRI scans. CONCLUSION: TA classifies thyroid nodules with high sensitivity and specificity on multi-institutional DW-MRI data sets. This method requires further validation in a larger prospective study. Magn Reson Med, 2015. 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Magn Reson Med 75:1708-1716, 2016. 2015 The Authors. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance.
| null |
2597_biomrc
|
Title: Simultaneous use of lateral calcaneal ostectomy and subtalar arthroscopic debridement for XXXX after a calcaneal @entity174 .
Inadequate primary treatment of calcaneal patients74 frequently results in persistent, patients58 . This can be caused by subtalar arthritis , an patients01 , and/or calcaneal fibular impingement of the peroneal tendons . Many patients experience multiple disorders simultaneously, requiring a combination of procedures to treat the injury. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic debridement with lateral calcaneal ostectomy for patients58 after a calcaneal patients74 . Four feet (4 patients ) were treated with arthroscopic debridement and lateral calcaneal ostectomy. The patients were 3 males and 1 female, with a mean age of 55.3 14.1 years. The mean follow-up duration was 33.5 10.5 months postoperatively. Three patients patients538 as a result of their condition. The patients were examined for improvement in patients58 levels using the numeric patients58 intensity scale and healing was assessed using the Japanese Society of Surgery of the Foot score. The mean Japanese Society of Surgery of the Foot score improved from 64.5 13.8 preoperatively to 82.5 7.1 postoperatively. The mean postoperative numeric patients58 intensity scale score was 2.3 1.9. No complications, such as deep infection or problems with wound healing, were observed in any of the patients . The simultaneous use of arthroscopic subtalar debridement and lateral calcaneal ostectomy is a valuable intervention for the treatment of patients58 after a calcaneal patients74 in patients who present with patients01 and mild or no degenerative changes in the subtalar joint.
| null |
2599_biomrc
|
Title: [Impaired cognitive function as an independent risk factor for the in-hospital mortality in the elderly with XXXX ].
HF, Heart failure, heart failure ( HF, Heart failure, heart failure ) and impaired cognitive function are frequent causes of hospitalization in elderly patients . Independently, both clinical syndromes are associated with increased mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of impaired cognitive function on in-hospital mortality in old patients with HF, Heart failure, heart failure . A modified Mini-Mental State Exam (MMMSE) was performed in 598 consecutive patients (65-102 years old; 355 female) with HF, Heart failure, heart failure . All patients were stratified into low (6.3 +/- 1.2 points), medium (19.7 +/- 4.7 points) or high (29.1 +/- 2.1 points) tertile group according to MMMSE results. Total in-hospital mortality was 52.0% in the lowest, 34.2% in the medium and 15.1% in the highest tertile (Pearson Chi-square p < 0.0001 for trend). The comparison of in-hospital mortality between tertiles of MMMSE was done with the use of logistic regression adjusted to age, sex, and the presence of diabetes mellitus , patients77 and anemia . Comparison of in-hospital mortality between patients from the lowest tertile of MMSE with the highest one revealed that odds ratio was 5.93 (95% CI: 3.58-9.80; p < 0.0001) whereas it was 2.67 (95% CI: 1.60-4.67; p = 0.0002) for patients from the medium tertile. The obtained results show that the worse cognitive function is, the worse in-hospital prognosis can be observed in older patients with HF, Heart failure, heart failure . Moreover, it also suggests that impaired cognitive function may be an independent risk factor for mortality in elderly HF, Heart failure, heart failure patients .
| null |
4649_biomrc
|
Title: VHPB: summary of strategies and recommendations. XXXX Prevention Board.
The Viral Hepatitis, viral hepatitis Prevention Board (VHPB) believes that stronger action is needed to control infants, people, infant956 . Vaccinating those identified as at 'high risk' has failed to make a significant impact on the epidemiology of the disease. Many infants, people, infant with infants, people, infant956 do not fall into any of the 'classic' high-risk groups and efforts to reach these groups have been unsuccessful. The VHPB supports the recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) that infants, people, infant956 vaccine should be incorporated into national universal vaccination programmes by 1997. The recommendation came initially from the Global Advisory Group of the Expanded Programme on Immunization and was endorsed in 1992 by the World Health Assembly, the governing body of WHO which consists of representatives of all WHO member states. The WHO Working Group on the control of Viral Hepatitis, viral hepatitis in Europe, which met in Munich in 1991, concluded that the routine immunization of infants, people, infant and adolescents should receive the highest priority. Universal infants, people, infant and adolescent strategies have their own benefits and drawbacks; the VHPB has looked carefully into the rationale for and against these strategies. The prerequisites for implementing these strategies are discussed. A combined infants, people, infant and adolescent strategy emerges as having many of the advantages of the individual approach and fewer disadvantages. Universal vaccination is clearly the most effective strategy for preventing infants, people, infant956 . Its timely and successful implementation, even in countries with medium and low prevalence, is a priority. There is no reason why infants, people, infant956 should not follow the success of infants, people, infant4333 , polio, diphtheria and measles vaccination.
| null |
554_biomrc
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Title: Incident reporting in acute XXXX management.
Incident reporting is an effective tool for continuous quality improvement in clinical practice. A prospective study on voluntary incident reporting in patients, Human58 management was conducted at a major teaching hospital in Hong Kong. Over a 12-month period, 53 incidents were reported in 1275 patients, Human who received patients, Human58 relief treatments which were supervised by the acute patients, Human58 service. The majority of the incidents were first detected by the patients, Human58 team. The most common incidents involved delivery circuits, delivery pump and drug administration. A large proportion (81.4%) of the incidents were thought to be preventable. patients, Human factors were involved in 41.9% of the patients, Human reported, most commonly associated with unfamiliar technique/inexperience, inattention and inadequate communication. Four patients, Human developed major morbidity of which two were attributed to inadequate patients, Human337 , while three others had major physiological changes without morbidity. Strategies have been formulated to prevent further occurrence of these incidents. We propose that incident reporting is a potentially useful tool in identifying and preventing adverse events in postoperative pain management.
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4651_biomrc
|
Title: Concurrent chemoradiation therapy with XXXX and @entity1311 for locally advanced @entity1149 : long-term follow-up of a phase I trial.
The purpose of this trial was to evaluate the feasibility of concurrent Patients, patients311 / cisplatin and conventional thoracic irradiation in locally advanced Patients, patients149 ( Patients, patients149 ). Ambulatory Patients, patients with medically inoperable or unresectable stage II-III Patients, patients149 , and performance status 0-2 were eligible. Patients, patients were not excluded from this trial if they had lost more than 5% of their body weight during the preceding 3 months, and/or if they had small ipsilateral Patients, patients143 . The initial dose of Patients, patients311 / cisplatin was 110 and 50 mg/m(2), and was escalated through five dose levels. Four cycles of chemotherapy were planned; the first two cycles were given concurrently with radiotherapy (4 weeks apart), followed by two additional cycles (every 3 weeks). Conventional chest radiotherapy to a total dose of 60 Gy (2 Gy per day) was delivered in 6 weeks. Forty-three Patients, patients were enrolled of which 38 were evaluable for response. Dose-limiting Patients, patients37 were grade 4 Patients, patients398 (43% of Patients, patients ) and grade 3 esophagitis (26% of Patients, patients ) during the chemoradiotherapy phase. Grade > or = 2 acute and late pulmonary toxicity occurred in 10 and 68% of the Patients, patients , respectively. In most Patients, patients , prompt symptomatic and radiologic improvement was observed with early Patients, patients34 administration. The volume of lung receiving 15-30 Gy was correlated with late pulmonary toxicity . The overall response was 84% with ten complete and 22 partial responses. The median survival was 16.5 months (95% confidence interval, 9.5 to 25) for those Patients, patients evaluable for response. After a median follow-up of 70 months, 5 (13%) Patients, patients are alive without evidence of disease. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of Patients, patients311 and cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy is at dose level 3 Patients, patients311 (135 mg/m(2)) and cisplatin (75 mg/m(2)). Patients, patients37 , although significant, was manageable in the great majority of the Patients, patients . The activity observed with this regimen is particularly noteworthy when considering the advanced nature of these Patients, patients , and the fact that Patients, patients (N=18) with poor risk factors were included in the study.
| null |
556_biomrc
|
Title: Antigen-induced XXXX in @entity95 : a comparative study between high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pathologic findings.
The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility and value of high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of synovitis in rabbits, rabbit knee joint in antigen-induced arthritis, AIA ( antigen-induced arthritis, AIA ). Thirty-six rabbits, rabbit were divided into three groups, each injected with different doses of ovalbumin (OVA) into the right knee joint. On week 1 and 4, 6 randomly selected in each group were killed. Each knee joint undergone the high-resolution ultrasound to measure capsule thickness and contrast-enhanced ultrasound to measure synovium thickness. The results from the ultrasound examinations were compared with those of pathologic examinations. Different OVA doses resulted in different modeling success rate, different pathological synovitis score, and different capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound. The diagnostic accuracy of synovitis by ultrasound was high. The ultrasound measurement revealed that the capsule thickness on week 4 was lessened than that on week 1, while the synovial thickness on week 4 was greater than that on week 1. Both the joint capsule and synovium thickness measured by ultrasound were significantly and positively correlated to the pathologic synovitis score (P < 0.05). The synovial thickness on week 4 is more correlated to the synovitis score than the capsule thickness, rather than that on week 1. Injection of OVA of different doses results in different modeling success rate and synovitis severity. The high-resolution ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound can be used to determine whether the antigen-induced arthritis, AIA was made successfully and evaluate the synovitis severity. In chronic inflammatory phase, the contrast-enhanced ultrasound has better effect.
| null |
561_biomrc
|
Title: Influence of widow inheritance on the epidemiology of XXXX in Africa.
The deeply rooted tradition of widow inheritance is a determinant of sex among the Luo which is widely practiced by Luo groups in Uganda, Tanzania, Zaire, and Sudan. This practice of sexual networking whereby women, men who inherit widows have multiple sex partners, high frequency of exchange between widows, and low levels of condom use, however, encourages the spread of HIV . The authors interviewed 92 widows of mean age 34 years to investigate this traditional behavior among the Luo in South Nyanza District, Kenya. Subjects were widows of Luo women, men who had died of a women, men02 between November 1991 and October 1992. 47 had already been inherited and 34 were planning to be, while 11 refused to be inherited for fear of spreading HIV . Of the women, men who inherited them, 80% were married, one third had histories of inheriting other widows, and some were paid to take on their new responsibilities. Only two widows reported ever using condoms since the demise of their spouse even though sexual intercourse is an essential component of widow inheritance. The lack of condom use corresponds with the lack of knowledge about the ability of condoms to prevent the spread of HIV ; only 9% reported being aware of this condom attribute. 87% of the widows, however, reported that sexual intercourse with multiple partners can lead to the transmission of HIV . 70% felt that monogamy and avoiding prostitutes can prevent the spread of HIV . These findings point to the urgent need for community based AIDS education targeting elders, women, men , and youth.
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4658_biomrc
|
Title: Plasma apolipoprotein E and XXXX risk: the AIBL study of aging.
OBJECTIVE: There is mounting evidence for the contribution of apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 to the pathophysiology of participants, patients95 ( participants, patients95 ). Studies also indicate that plasma apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels may reflect disease status, suggesting that apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 is a potential participants, patients95 biomarker. However, while some studies of apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels in plasma have presented correlations with participants, patients95 pathology, others have not. Thus, there is a lack of consensus as to the suitability of plasma apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 as an participants, patients95 biomarker. The major objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate total plasma apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 as well as levels of the apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 form in a large, highly characterized cohort which included both healthy controls and participants, patients with early-stage participants, patients95 . METHODS: Total apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 and apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 were measured in 1,079 individuals drawn from the highly characterized Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study. Total and isoform-specific plasma apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels were then compared with cerebral Ab load, as assessed by PET using Pittsburgh compound B ( PiB ). RESULTS: Total apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 and apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels were found to be significantly lower in participants, patients with participants, patients95 in the entire cohort, and decrease with Ab load in the PiB -PET subset. apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels were significantly lower among 4 homozygous individuals. In apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 / 4 heterozygote carriers, apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels decrease, indicating that apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels increase with disease. CONCLUSION: Analysis of cross-sectional data from the AIBL study indicates that plasma apoE, apoE4, APOE 3, ApoE, apoE3 levels are altered in participants, patients95 and correlate with participants, patients95 pathology level. The significance of these findings will be determined in the AIBL longitudinal study of aging.
| null |
564_biomrc
|
Title: Inability to acquire spatial information and deploy spatial search strategies in XXXX with lesions in dorsomedial striatum.
UNASSIGNED: Dorsal striatum has been shown to contribute to spatial learning and memory, but the role of striatal subregions in this important aspect of cognitive functioning remains unclear. Moreover, the spatial-cognitive mechanisms that underlie the involvement of these regions in spatial navigation have scarcely been studied. We therefore compared spatial learning and memory performance in mice with lesions in dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) using the hidden-platform version of the Morris water maze (MWM) task. Compared to sham-operated controls, animals with DMS damage were impaired during MWM acquisition training. These mice displayed delayed spatial learning , increased thigmotaxis, and increased search distance to the platform, in the absence of major motor dysfunction , working spatial reference memory, memory defects or changes in anxiety or exploration. They failed to show a preference for the target quadrant during probe trials, which further indicates that spatial reference memory, memory defects was impaired in these animals. Search strategy analysis moreover demonstrated that DMS-lesioned mice were unable to deploy cognitively advanced spatial search strategies. Conversely, MWM performance was barely affected in animals with lesions in DLS. In conclusion, our results indicate that DMS and DLS display differential functional involvement in spatial learning and memory. Our results show that DMS, but not DLS, is crucial for the ability of mice to acquire spatial information and their subsequent deployment of spatial search strategies. These data clearly identify DMS as a crucial brain structure for spatial learning and memory, which could explain the occurrence of neurocognitive impairments in brain disorders that affect the dorsal striatum.
| null |
566_biomrc
|
Title: Use of low-dose XXXX in decreasing cytokine release during bilateral total knee replacement.
BACKGROUND: IL-6, Interleukin 6 ( IL-6, Interleukin 6 ), a marker of inflammation , is one of the major cytokines released during joint replacement. In the orthopedic patients, patient population, high levels have been linked to many adverse effects including acute respiratory distress syndrome , postoperative mental status changes, and fever . We looked to assess the efficacy of low-dose steroids on the postinflammatory response as measured by IL-6, Interleukin 6 in patients, patient undergoing bilateral total knee replacement (BTKR). The role of steroids has never been evaluated before in that setting. METHODS: Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 30 patients, patient undergoing BTKR. The study was powered in order to detect at least a 25% decrease in IL-6, Interleukin 6 from control. hydrocortisone, Hydrocortisone (100 mg) or placebo was given at 2 doses 8 hrs apart to the study and control group respectively. Clinical outcome was assessed as well. RESULTS: Levels of IL-6, Interleukin 6 were 40% lower in the study group by 10 hrs (P = 0.0037) but were similar to the control group at 24 hrs. Greater hemodynamic stability was noted in the study group with fewer episodes of hypotension postoperatively (P = 0.031). Range of motion gained on discharge was also greatest in the study group (P = 0.049). Absence of infection and normal wound healing were noted in all patients, patient . CONCLUSIONS: The use of hydrocortisone, Hydrocortisone significantly decreased the inflammatory response in patients, patient undergoing BTKR as measured by IL-6, Interleukin 6 production. Further studies looking at clinical implications of such findings in a larger patients, patient population and with a longer course of steroids are warranted.
| null |
4666_biomrc
|
Title: Upregulation of MicroRNA-126 Contributes to Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function in @entity1150 via Its Target XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Deep vein thrombosis, DVT ( Deep vein thrombosis, DVT ) is a common complication of surgery. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are recruited into resolving venous thrombi. In this report, we investigated the effects of miR-126 on EPCs function and venous thrombus resolution. We demonstrated that overexpression of miR-126 enhanced EPCs' migration and tubulogenic activity in vitro, and promoted EPCs' homing and thrombus resolving in vivo. Moreover, we identified that miR-126 directly targeted PIK3R2 and affected PI3K /Akt signaling axis. Overall, our findings demonstrated that miR-126 promoted EPCs function through suppressing PIK3R2 expression and modulation of miR-126 may represent a potential therapeutic intervention for treating Deep vein thrombosis, DVT . J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 1613-1623, 2015. 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
| null |
2619_biomrc
|
Title: Beta-blocker drug therapy reduces secondary XXXX formation in @entity0 and improves @entity5 specific survival.
Laboratory models show that the beta-blocker, propranolol , can inhibit patients, patient063 -induced breast cancer cell migration. We hypothesised that breast cancer patients, patient receiving beta-blockers for patients, patient01 would show reduced metastasis, Metastasis, metastases and improved clinical outcome. Three patients, patient subgroups were identified from the medical records of 466 consecutive female patients, patient (median age 57, range 28-71) with operable breast cancer and follow-up (>10 years). Two subgroups comprised 43 and 49 patients, patient01 patients, patient treated with beta-blockers or other antihypertensives respectively, prior to disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour diagnosis. 374 patients, patient formed a non- patients, patient01 control group. metastasis, Metastasis, metastases development, disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour recurrence and hazards risk were statistically compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to model survival and metastasis, Metastasis, metastases918 . Beta-blocker treated patients, patient showed a significant reduction in metastasis, Metastasis, metastases development (p=0.026), disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour recurrence (p=0.001), and longer disease free interval (p=0.01). In addition, there was a 57% reduced risk of metastasis, Metastasis, metastases (Hazards ratio=0.430; 95% CI=0.200-0.926, p=0.031), and a 71% reduction in breast cancer mortality after 10 years (Hazards ratio=0.291; 95% CI=0.119-0.715, p=0.007). This proof-of-principle study showed beta-blocker therapy significantly reduces distant metastasis, Metastasis, metastases , disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour recurrence, and disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour -specific mortality in breast cancer patients, patient suggesting a novel role for beta-blocker therapy. A larger epidemiological study leading to randomised clinical trials is needed for breast and other disease free interval, tumour, cancer, tumour types including colon, prostate and ovary.
| null |
571_biomrc
|
Title: [ XXXX therapy by transdermal @entity3575 ].
INTRODUCTION: Several investigations have shown that constant rate infusions of opioids are highly effective in the provision of postoperative pain relief. However, such treatment require intravenous access, the availability of infusion pumps and adequate monitoring system. We have studied a transdermal fentanyl, Fentanyl formulation (F-TTS, developed by ALZA Corporation, Palo Alto, USA) which should avoid these problems. METHODS: The study was performed in orthopaedic Patients, patients scheduled for hip arthroplasty. 40 Patients, patients were included consecutively in a double-blind parallel comparison of F-TTS (n = 20) and placebo (n = 20) patches. The patches were applied 0.5 hours prior to epidural anaesthesia and changed after 24 hours. F-TTS is designed to deliver fentanyl, Fentanyl at the same rate of 75 micrograms/h. For 36 hours blood samples, Patients, patients58 scores, respiratory patterns and vital signs were collected frequently. Patients, patients could have supplemental pethidine on demand (50 mg/2 h) if the Patients, patients58 relief was inadequate. RESULTS: fentanyl, Fentanyl blood concentrations increased (verum) during the 24 hours period (removal) and decreased slightly after that. At the end of the investigation (36 h) fentanyl, Fentanyl concentration remained significantly elevated (about 60% of 24-hours value). F-TTS provided good postoperative pain relief although 11 Patients, patients (of 20) required supplemental pethidine . Patients, patients with F-TTS, however had very little pethidine compared to Patients, patients with placebo. Two Patients, patients (one of each group) had to be eliminated from the study due to severe Patients, patients576 or inadequate pethidine requirement respectively. The incidence of other side effects such as nausea , vomiting and micturition difficulties were similar in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
| null |
4668_biomrc
|
Title: Nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplant for XXXX with cholangiopathy.
OBJECTIVE: children, patients112 is a rare genetic immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in the gene encoding children, patients1603 ( children, patients1603 , children, patients1603 ). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the prospect of immune reconstitution in children, patients112 . Standard HSCT using high-dose chemoradiotherapy can be followed by serious hepatic problems, including veno-occlusive disease , graft-versus-host disease, Graft-versus-host disease , and/or drug-induced hepatotoxicity. In children, patients whose liver function is compromised before HSCT, such as in children, patients112 caused by cholangiopathy and hepatitis related to children, patients292 , there is a higher likelihood of hepatotoxicity. We explored nonmyeloablative HSCT in 2 children, patients with children, patients112 . Nonmyeloablative HSCT without liver transplant for children, patients112 , to our knowledge, has not been described previously. METHODS: Two children, patients with children, patients112 and persistent infections had documented cholangiopathy on liver biopsy. Both children, patients underwent nonmyeloablative HSCT from HLA-matched siblings with fludarabine , children, patients863 , and anti-thymocyte globulin as their preparative regimen. graft-versus-host disease, Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine . RESULTS: Both children, patients are >2 years after their HSCT. One remains a mixed chimera, and the other shows 100% donor chimerism. Both children, patients are now free of infections and are no longer dependent on intravenous gammaglobulin. Both show response to immunizations. Both have had resolution of their cholangiopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Nonmyeloablative HSCT from HLA-matched siblings can offer immune reconstitution without hepatotoxicity in children, patients with children, patients112 and preexisting cholangiopathy. Even with stable mixed chimerism after allogeneic HSCT, children, patients may be able to enjoy a normal phenotype. Nonmyeloablative HSCT warrants additional study in children, patients112 .
| null |
2624_biomrc
|
Title: Early 'shallow' needle-knife papillotomy and guidewire cannulation: an effective and safe approach to XXXX .
INTRODUCTION: Needle-knife sphincterotomy (NKS), known as 'precut', is used worldwide to facilitate access to the common bile duct when standard cannulation has failed. This procedure is considered hazardous because it is burdened with high procedural related complications ( Minor bleeding, bleeding and perforation). Its right timing is still debated. In this study we report our results using a modified precut approach, early shallow needle-knife papillotomy (eSNKP) coupled with guidewire cannulation in case of patients829 . We evaluated its safety and effectiveness. METHODS: From 2012 to 2014, 1034 patients underwent therapeutic ERCP. A total of 138 of them presented patients829 and were treated with eSNKP performed after 5 failed attempts of standard guidewire cannulation. Deep biliary cannulation rate was recorded, as well as intraoperative and postoperative complication rate. RESULTS: Successful biliary deep cannulation was achieved in 132/138 patients (95.7%) by means of eSNKP. In 6 patients (4.3%), cannulation failed even after eSNKP. ERCP was newly performed 72 hours later with successful and immediate guidewire biliary cannulation. Overall morbidity was 10.1% (14/138). No perforation occurred. Minor bleeding, bleeding occurred in 4/138 cases (2.9%) and 10/138 patients (7.2%) developed mild pancreatitis . CONCLUSION: In case of patients829 , eSNKP followed by guidewire cannulation increases the successful deep biliary cannulation with low rate of complications.
| null |
583_biomrc
|
Title: Influence of exercise and quiet rest on state XXXX .
A series of investigations was performed in which Ss rested quietly for 40-min and performed aerobic exercise on separate occasions. Blood pressure (BP) and state anxiety were assessed prior to and following the conditions. In the first experiment, 15 normotensive Ss were assessed during the 3-h following the treatments. The results revealed that state anxiety and BP were reduced following both conditions. The exercise-induced reduction in systolic BP, BP reductions remained significant for 2 to 3 h (P less than 0.05), whereas the reduction in systolic BP, BP reductions returned to baseline within 20-min following cessation of quiet rest. The second experiment involved an evaluation of the effects of exercise and quiet rest on 15 pharmacologically controlled hypertensive Ss . A significant reduction in systolic BP, BP reductions (P less than 0.05) was observed following exercise and quiet rest. State anxiety was reduced following quiet rest and exercise (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that exercise and quiet rest have similar effects on state anxiety , and both conditions are followed by a transitory reduction in blood pressure. These anti- anxiety effects, however, are sustained for a longer period following exercise.
| null |
584_biomrc
|
Title: Is there a relationship between genetic merit and enteric @entity577 emission rate of lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy XXXX ?
UNASSIGNED: The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of cows, cow, Cow genetic merit on enteric methane ( CH4 ) emission rate. The study used a data set from 32 respiration calorimeter studies undertaken at this Institute between 1992 and 2010, with all studies involving lactating Holstein-Friesian dairy cows, cow, Cow . cows, cow, Cow genetic merit was defined as either profit index, PIN ( profit index, PIN ) or profitable lifetime index (PLI), with these two United Kingdom genetic indexes expressing the expected improvement in profit associated with an individual cows, cow, Cow , compared with the population average. While profit index, PIN is based solely on milk production, PLI includes milk production and a number of other functional traits including health, fertility and longevity. The data set had a large range in profit index, PIN (n=736 records, - 30 to + 63) and PLI (n=548 records, - 131 to + 184), days in milk (18 to 354), energy corrected milk yield (16.0 to 45.6 kg/day) and CH4 emission (138 to 598 g/day). The effect of cows, cow, Cow genetic merit ( profit index, PIN or PLI) was evaluated using ANOVA and linear mixed modelling techniques after removing the effects of a number of animal and diet factors. The ANOVA was undertaken by dividing each data set of profit index, PIN and PLI into three sub-groups ( profit index, PIN : 15, PLI: 67) with these being categorised as low, medium and high genetic merit. Within the profit index, PIN and PLI data sets there was no significant differences among the three sub-groups in terms of CH4 emission per kg feed intake or per kg energy corrected milk yield, or CH4 energy (CH4-E) output as a proportion of energy intake. Linear regression using the whole profit index, PIN and PLI data sets also demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between either profit index, PIN or PLI, and CH4 emission per kg of feed intake or CH4 -E output as a proportion of energy intake. These results indicate that cows, cow, Cow genetic merit ( profit index, PIN or PLI) has little effect on enteric CH4 emissions as a proportion of feed intake. Instead enteric CH4 production may mainly relate to total feed intake and dietary nutrient composition.
| null |
4686_biomrc
|
Title: Mesenteric arterial bypass grafts: early and late results and suggested surgical approach for chronic and acute XXXX .
BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study were to determine the early and late results of placement of arterial bypass grafts in the treatment of chronic and acute intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia and to ascertain whether multiple grafts provide better late results than a single graft. METHODS: Records of 34 patients who underwent mesenteric vascular graft placement were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: All 21 patients with chronic intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia had a history of intestinal angina and weight loss . Food fear was reported by 33% of patients ; also, diarrhea in 57%, patients142 in 29%, acalculous cholecystitis in 19%, intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia or peptic ulcer in 19%, and elevation of liver enzymes in 22% were reported. Angiogram showed more than 50% stenosis or occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in 100% of patients , celiac artery in 90%, and inferior mesenteric artery in 90%. Although not described previously, a reduction in collateral flow from the internal iliac arteries was caused by severe pelvic disease in 56% of patients . There were no in-hospital deaths. The rate of survival at 1 year was 100%; at 2 years it was 93% +/- 6%, at 3 years 86% +/- 9%, at 5 years 79% +/- 11%, and at 10 years 50% +/- 15%. During follow-up, graft thrombosis occurred in three patients . Of the patients who underwent only a single SMA or celiac bypass, two of five died of patients188 ; only one of 16 patients who underwent both celiac and SMA bypass had to undergo a repeat surgical procedure because of graft occlusion. Three of 16 retrograde bypasses thrombosed, compared with zero of five prograde bypasses. In nine patients who underwent placement of mesenteric bypass grafts because of acute intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia caused by acute mesenteric thrombosis , the early mortality rate was 22%; the two deaths were the result of intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia . The cumulative survival rate was 78% +/- 14% at 1 month, 65% +/- 17% at 1 year, and 52% +/- 16% at 5 years. One of the two late deaths was due to graft thrombosis and patients188 . Three of four patients who underwent concomitant mesenteric bypass at the time of aneurysm repair or aortobifemoral bypass survived the surgical procedure. CONCLUSIONS: When chronic and acute mesenteric ischemia are diagnosed and treated with a bypass graft, the early and late results are good. Complete revascularization of the SMA and celiac artery or pelvis or both and prograde bypass may reduce the risk of late intestinal ischemia, ischemic gastritis, ischemia, bowel ischemia .
| null |
2638_biomrc
|
Title: Cardiovascular effects of vasopressors in @entity1508 -anesthetized XXXX before and after @entity548 .
Exogenously administered vasopressors (sympathomimetics) were evaluated in halothane -anesthetized dogs to determine the effects of these drugs on cardiovascular function before and after hemorrhage . Six dogs were anesthetized with thiamylal sodium (20 mg/kg of body weight) and halothane (1.25 minimal alveolar concentration) in 100% oxygen . After instrumentation, cardiac output, systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, and an index of cardiac contractility (dP/dT) were measured. stroke, Stroke volume, cardiac index (CI), stroke, Stroke index (SI), rate-pressure product, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were calculated. epinephrine, Epinephrine (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 micrograms/kg/min [low, medium, and high doses, respectively]) and Dobutamine, dobutamine (1, 5, and 10 micrograms/kg/min [low, medium, and high doses, respectively]) were infused. Methoxamine was given in a bolus of 0.22 mg/kg, IV. All measurements were taken at 2.5 minutes after infusion, and were repeated after removal of 40% of the estimated blood volume. Dobutamine, dobutamine administered at the low dose before hemorrhage increased SAP and dP/dT. At the high and medium dose, Dobutamine, dobutamine significantly increased CI, dP/dT, and SAP, with no significant change in HR or SVR. The medium dose of epinephrine, Epinephrine was the most effective dose of epinephrine, Epinephrine at increasing key variables (CI, SI, dP/dT). The response of CI and SI to this dose was not significantly different from the changes seen with high-dose administration of Dobutamine, dobutamine . The dP/dT was significantly lower with epinephrine, Epinephrine than with Dobutamine, dobutamine , and SVR and HR were unchanged with epinephrine, Epinephrine , except at the low dose, which decreased SVR.
| null |
2640_biomrc
|
Title: Model-Based Determination of Effective Blood Concentrations of @entity205 for Neutrophil Response in the Treatment of Severe @entity2150 in XXXX .
UNASSIGNED: Optimal immunosuppressive therapy in acquired severe aplastic anemia, SAA ( severe aplastic anemia, SAA ) remains to be refined, especially cyclosporine ( CsA ) use. Current recommendations state that CsA children, patients503 ( children, patients503 ) should be maintained between 200 and 400 ng/mL despite the lack of supporting data. This study aimed at quantifying relationships between CsA exposure and neutrophil response and determining an effective range for CsA children, patients503 . Twenty-three severe aplastic anemia, SAA children, patients treated with CsA were retrospectively analyzed. Nonlinear mixed effect modeling approaches were used to develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model. The pharmacokinetic model described the relationships between CsA doses and children, patients503 . The pharmacodynamic model allowed to estimate boundaries for optimal CsA effects, neutrophils being used as biomarker of response. A time-to-event model linked effective concentration to time-to-therapeutic success. CsA children, patients503 were adequately described by a two-compartment model with first-order absorption, a lag time, and a linear elimination. The efficient range of CsA children, patients503 was estimated between 87 and 120 ng/mL. Model-based simulations and external validation in three additional children, patients confirmed these results. This original modeling approach was successful in describing the relationship between CsA children, patients503 and neutrophil response in severe aplastic anemia, SAA children, patients . Although further evaluation of the model is necessary, this work suggests that an optimal CsA children, patients503 target of 100 ng/mL would be associated with a better neutrophil response in children, patients with severe aplastic anemia, SAA .
| null |
2639_biomrc
|
Title: A mathematical model of the XXXX nephron: glucose transport.
Mathematical models of the proximal tubule (PT), loop of Henle (LOH), and distal nephron have been combined to simulate transport by rat renal tubules. The ensemble is composed of 24,000 superficial (SF) nephrons and 12,000 juxtamedullary (JM) nephrons in 5 classes (according to LOH length); all coalesce into 7,200 connecting tubules (CNT). Medullary interstitial solute concentrations are specified. The model equations require that each nephron glomerular filtration rate (GFR) satisfies a tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) relationship, and each initial hydrostatic pressure yields a common CNT pressure; that common CNT pressure is determined from an overall distal hydraulic resistance to flow. By virtue of the greater GFR for JM nephrons, fluid delivery to SF and JM tubules is comparable. Glucose reabsorption is restricted to the PT, cotransported with one Na in the convoluted tubule ( SGLT2 ), and two Na in the straight tubule ( SGLT1 ). Increasing ambient glucose from 5 to 10 mM increases proximal Na reabsorption and decreases distal delivery. This is mitigated by a TGF-mediated increase in GFR, and may thus be an etiology for TGF-mediated glomerular hyperfiltration. With SGLT2 inhibition by 95%, the model predicts that under normoglycemic conditions about 60% of filtered glucose will still be reabsorbed, so that profound glycosuria is not to be expected. Compared with glucose-driven osmotic diuresis, SGLT2 inhibition provokes greater natriuresis. When hyperglycemia is superimposed on SGLT2 inhibition, the model suggests that natriuresis may be severe, reflecting synergy of a proximal diuretic and osmotic diuresis. In sum, the model captures TGF-mediated diabetic hyperfiltration and predicts glomerular protection with SGLT2 inhibition.
| null |
2642_biomrc
|
Title: [Decrease in @entity301 mortality in 1974-1992 largely explainable by changes in XXXX and smoking risk factors].
OBJECTIVE: To ascertain to what extent the dramatic decrease in CHD, coronary heart disease ( CHD, coronary heart disease ) mortality from 1972 to the present can be attributed to a change in risk factors. DESIGN: Descriptive study based on literature data. SETTING: The Netherlands. METHODS: Changes in four risk factors were assessed: a survey on trends in average systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum women, people, men65 from three national screening projects, conducted 1974-1980, among 30,000 women, people, men and women, people, men aged 37-43 years, 1981-1986 among 80,000 women, people, men aged 33-37 years, and 1987-1992 among 42,000 women, people, men and women, people, men aged 20-59 years, and the percentage of smokers observed by the Foundation on Public Health and Smoking in yearly surveys among 20,000 women, people, men from the age of 15. Using a preventable proportion calculation, the effect on mortality was estimated of the observed changes in these risk factors, applying published relative risks and regression coefficients for these risk factors for women, people, men . The estimated curves were compared with the coronary mortality curves observed by the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics. RESULTS: From 1974 to 1992 a substantial decrease in the percentage of smokers and in women, people, men a moderate decrease in average serum women, people, men65 level were observed. Serum women, people, men65 decreased little in women, people, men . Changes in blood pressure were not consistent. The calculations predicted a 33% decrease in CHD, coronary heart disease mortality; the decrease actually observed was 48% for women, people, men aged 20-69 and 42% for women, people, men . CONCLUSION: It appears that by far the largest proportion of the decrease in CHD, coronary heart disease mortality can be explained by a decrease in the values of relevant risk factors ( women, people, men65 and smoking) and only a small part by improved therapy.
| null |
594_biomrc
|
Title: Transfer of @entity309 into @entity466 @entity19 . The pathogenetic implications of T cell populations oligoclonally expanding in the XXXX .
To investigate the pathogenicity of T cells infiltrating in the rheumatoid joints, RA , mononuclear cells (MNC), predominantly T cells, isolated from either synovial fluid or synovial tissues of the patients with rheumatoid joints, RA were transferred into SCID, severe combined immunodeficient ( SCID, severe combined immunodeficient ) patients9 by intraarticular injections. According to our observations in this experimental system, patients with rheumatoid joints, RA could be classified into at least two groups. In one group of patients , the infiltrating MNC induced patients373 in the recipient SCID, severe combined immunodeficient patients9 (the positive group). Whereas, in the other group no patients373 was observed (the negative group). The induction of patients373 observed in the positive group was prevented by an anti-human CD3 antibody ( patients9 ), indicating T cell mediation. Analysis of T cell receptor (TCR) V beta usage by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in the infiltrating MNC transferred into SCID, severe combined immunodeficient patients9 revealed a marked skew towards the preferential use of certain V beta genes, which was not seen in the peripheral blood MNC, in only the positive group. The patterns of TCR/V beta skew were not uniform among the patients . The analysis of the PCR-amplified genes of such skewed TCR/ V beta by single strand conformational polymorphism showed distinct bands, indicating that the T cell populations expanding in rheumatoid joints, RA of the positive group were oligoclonal. Furthermore, the enrichment of the T cell populations expressing such skewed TCR/V beta by in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood MNC of the patients with the relevant superantigen enabled the induction of patients373 in the SCID, severe combined immunodeficient patients9 . These results suggest that the pathogenic T cells could be activated locally in rheumatoid joints, RA by certain antigens in some, but not in all patients with rheumatoid joints, RA .
| null |
2644_biomrc
|
Title: Impact of anti- @entity1722 therapy on @entity1349 in @entity1722 -overexpressing XXXX @entity1 with brain metastases.
BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-based therapy after diagnosis of brain metastases (BM) may improve survival due to prolonged systemic disease control. We investigated whether lapatinib may yield additional survival benefit. METHODS: Eighty Patients, patients with BM from Patients, patients722 -positive breast cancer were identified. Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of at least 70 was required. We included a control group of 37 Patients, patients treated before 2003, when continuation of trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was not yet recommended. Remainders received either trastuzumab or lapatinib and trastuzumab (either concomitantly or sequentially) with or without chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median Patients, patients349 ( Patients, patients349 ) in Patients, patients receiving trastuzumab after diagnosis of BM was 13 months; corresponding numbers were 9 months in Patients, patients treated with chemotherapy, and 3 months with radiotherapy alone. Median Patients, patients349 was not reached in the lapatinib group. Addition of lapatinib prolonged Patients, patients349 over trastuzumab alone (P=0.002). After correction for potential confounders, lapatinib therapy remained an independent positive predictor for survival (HR 0.279; P=0.012). INTERPRETATION: This retrospective single-centre study suggests that the introduction of lapatinib improved survival in Patients, patients with BM from Patients, patients722 -positive breast cancer . Patients, patients with KPS >= 70 may benefit when treated with lapatinib in addition to trastuzumab after completion of local therapy.
| null |
2647_biomrc
|
Title: Selection Of The Optimal Level Of Distal Fixation For Correction Of XXXX 's Hyperkyphosis.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of the method for selecting the distal level of fusion in treatment of patients, Children514 in patients, Children with Scheuermann, "Scheuermanns disease" . BACKGROUND: The fusion area needs to include all the kyphotic deformity in Scheuermann, "Scheuermanns disease" patients, Children ; however, precise levels of the distal fixation have not been determined yet. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients, Children were operated in the Department of patients, Children and Adolescent Spine Pathology between 2007 and 2010. These patients, Children were divided into two groups: in group I (n = 29) a lower instrumented vertebra corresponded to the sagittal stable one and in group II (n = 7) - this vertebra located proximally. RESULTS: The mean preoperative kyphosis was 79.3 11.6 , the postoperative - 40.6 11.9 (correction of 49.9%), loss of correction was 4.9 7.0 . Sagittal balance changed from -0.3 3.2 cm before surgery to -1.7 2.1 cm after surgery. Distal junctional kyphosis developed in 1 case (4%) in Group I, and in 5 cases (71%) in Group II. CONCLUSION: A distal level of instrumentation ending at the first lordotic vertebra is not justified and causes violation of sagittal balance and development of patients, Children513 . The inclusion of a sagittal stable vertebra in fusion prevents the development of this undesirable situation.
| null |
604_biomrc
|
Title: Protective effect of XXXX on a reperfusion model after transient cerebral ischemia: Temporal evolution on perfusion MR imaging and histopathologic findings.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The goal of thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke is early recanalization, but this may result in delayed reperfusion injury . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of agmatine in a transient ischemia, ischemic cat model by using MR perfusion imaging and histopathologic analyses. METHOD: One-hour temporary occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery of cats was performed in the control ischemia, ischemic group (n = 10), and 100 mg/kg of agmatine was intravenously injected immediately after recanalization in the agmatine -treated group (n = 15). MR imaging was performed at 1, 24, and 48 hours after recanalization, and the perfusion patterns were investigated. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick and end-labeling (TUNEL) and patients710 - patients711 (H_E) stainings were performed at the corresponding sections. RESULTS: In the control ischemia, ischemic group, the number of TUNEL-positive cells was significantly increased in the areas with reperfusion hyperemia (P < .05). In the agmatine -treated group, no significant increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells was noted in the areas of reperfusion hyperemia . The difference in the number of TUNEL-positive cells between the control ischemia, ischemic and agmatine -treated group in the areas of reperfusion hyperemia was significant (P < .05). The total number of TUNEL-positive cells and the area of severe ischemia, ischemic neuronal damage on H_E stain were also significantly attenuated in the agmatine -treated cats compared with the control ischemia, ischemic cats (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that agmatine has neuroprotective effects against reperfusion injury and ischemia, ischemic .
| null |
4701_biomrc
|
Title: Influence of @entity3405 antibiotics and XXXX on composition and immunogenicity of @entity526 outer membrane.
The effects of subinhibitory concentrations of different beta-lactam antibiotics and one quinolone on the sedimentation of outer membranes (OMs) of Escherichia coli and on the qualitative properties and immunogenicity of OM components were studied. Membranes were prepared by osmotic lysis of plasmolyzed bacteria. OM and cytoplasmic membrane vesicles were separated by sucrose density ultracentrifugation. Two peaks of OM vesicles with different buoyant densities could be isolated; the quantitative contribution of these to the total OM varied, depending upon the growth phase. In early log phase, the OM consisted mainly of lighter material; in late log and stationary phases, the OM consisted mainly of heavier material. Moxalactam , imipenem, and ciprofloxacin inhibited the formation of heavier material in all growth phases. The immunogenicity of OM vesicles was tested in mice by the hemolytic plaque test. The lighter OM material was markedly less immunogenic than the heavier OM material. The vesicles from antibiotic-treated bacteria and those from early-log-phase cells were less immunogenic than vesicles from untreated late-log-phase and stationary-phase bacteria. These changes were found for the immune response against lipopolysaccharides, as well as against OM proteins. Thus, the immunogenicity of OM components seems to be dependent upon the quantitative composition of lighter and heavier compounds, which is strongly influenced by growth phase and treatment with certain antibiotics.
| null |
4702_biomrc
|
Title: XXXX selectively kills hepatocellular carcinoma cells and preferentially inhibits their invasion via ROS-ER-MAPKs- @entity3726 .
UNASSIGNED: HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas ( HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas ) are highly malignant and aggressive tumors lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Piperlongumine (PL), a natural product isolated from longer pepper plants, is recently identified as a potent cytotoxic compound highly selective to cancer cells. Here, we reported that PL specifically suppressed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cell migration/invasion via endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-MAPKs- CHOP signaling pathway. PL selectively killed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cells but not normal hepatocytes with an IC50 of 10-20 M while PL at much lower concentrations only suppressed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cell migration/invasion. PL selectively elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cells, which activated or up-regulated downstream PERK / cancer593 / Grp78 , p38 / JNK / Erk and CHOP subsequently. Administration of antioxidants completely abolished PL's effects on cell death and migration/invasion. However, pharmacological inhibition of ER stress-responses or MAPKs signaling pathways with corresponding specific inhibitors only reversed PL's effect on cell migration/invasion but not on cell death. Consistently, knocking-down of CHOP by RNA interference only reversed PL-suppressed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cell migration. Finally, PL significantly suppressed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas development and activated the ER-MAPKs- CHOP signaling pathway in HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas xenografts in vivo. Taken together, PL selectively killed HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cells and preferentially inhibited HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas cell migration/invasion via ROS-ER-MAPKs- CHOP axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy for the highly malignant and aggressive HCC, Hepatocellular carcinomas clinically.
| null |
605_biomrc
|
Title: Stoichiometry of foliar XXXX constituents varies along light gradients in temperate woody canopies: implications for foliage morphological plasticity.
Foliar morphology and chemical composition were examined along a light gradient in the canopies of five deciduous temperate woody species, ranked according to shade-tolerance as Populus tremula L. < Fraxinus excelsior L. < Tilia cordata Mill. = Corylus avellana L. < Fagus sylvatica L. Foliar carbon was divided between structural (cell-wall polysaccharides, lignin) and nonstructural (proteins, ethanol -soluble carbohydrates , starch) fractions. Foliar morphology of all species was strongly affected by irradiance. Both leaf dry mass per area (M(A)), a product of leaf density and thickness, and leaf dry to fresh mass ratio (D(w)), characterizing the apoplastic leaf fraction, increased with increasing relative irradiance (I(sum), calculated as the weighted mean of fractional penetration of diffuse and direct irradiance). Though the relationships were qualitatively identical among the taxa, more shade-tolerant species generally had lower values of M(A) than shade-intolerant species, and their morphological relationships with irradiance were curvilinear; however, there were no signs of saturation even at the highest irradiances in shade-intolerant species. In all species, lignin concentrations increased and cell-wall polysaccharide concentrations decreased with increasing irradiance. Consequently, biomass investment in structural leaf components appeared to be relatively constant along light gradients. The relationship between irradiance and structural compounds tended to be asymptotic in the more shade-tolerant species, whereas M(A) was linearly correlated with concentrations of structural leaf components, suggesting that similar factors were responsible for the curvature in the morphological and chemical relationships with irradiance. Because lignin increases tissue elastic modulus thereby rendering leaves more resistant to low leaf water potentials, we conclude that changes in stoichiometry of cell wall components were related to foliage acclimation to the gradients of water deficit that develop in the canopy and inherently accompany light gradients. We also conclude that increased lignification decreased leaf expansion growth, and that species differences in lignification were partly responsible for the observed interspecific variability in morphological plasticity. Analysis of structural leaf compounds provided no indication of how shade-intolerant species with low investments in lignin acclimated to gradients of water availability in the canopy. Because shade-intolerant species generally had higher capacities for photosynthesis than shade-tolerant species, we postulated that they should also have a greater ability for osmotic adjustment of leaf water potential with photosynthates. The concentrations of soluble carbohydrates increased with increasing irradiance in all species; however, the osmotic adjustment achieved in this way was similar in all species, except for shade-intolerant F. excelsior, which had a lower potential for osmotic adjustment with carbohydrates than the other taxa. Although we did not determine whether the gradients of stem water potential and leaf water deficits were similar in canopies of different species, we demonstrated that water relations play a central role in determining foliar structure and composition along light gradients in the canopy.
| null |
2656_biomrc
|
Title: Does Thermosensitive Liposomal XXXX Improve End-Point Survival after Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation of @entity96 in a @entity19 Model?
UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the role of thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated vinorelbine (Thermo-Vin) in combined radiofrequency (RF) ablation of liver tumors . Materials and Methods Approval from the institutional animal care and use committee was obtained before this study. First, the anticancer efficacy of Thermo-Vin was assessed in vitro (H22 cells) for 72 hours at 37 C or 42 C. Next, 203 H22 liver adenocarcinomas were implanted in 191 mice for in vivo study. tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors were randomized into seven groups: (a) no treatment, (b) treatment with RF ablation alone, (c) treatment with RF ablation followed by free vinorelbine (Free-Vin) at 30 minutes, (d) treatment with RF ablation followed by empty liposomes (Empty-Lip+RF), (e) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (5 mg/kg), (f) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (10 mg/kg), and (g) treatment with RF ablation followed by Thermo-Vin (20 mg/kg). tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors destruction areas and pathologic changes were compared for different groups at 24 and 72 hours after treatment. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare end-point survival ( tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors < 30 mm in diameter). Additionally, the effect of initial tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors size on long-term outcome was analyzed. Results In vitro, both Free-Vin and Thermo-Vin dramatically inhibited H22 cell viability at 24 hours. Likewise, in vivo, 10 mg/kg Thermo-Vin+RF ablation increased tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors destruction compared with RF ablation (P = .001). Intratumoral vinorelbine accumulation with Thermo-Vin+RF increased 15-fold compared with Free-Vin alone. Thermo-Vin substantially increased apoptosis at the coagulation margin and suppressed cellular proliferation in the residual tumor (P < .001). The Thermo-Vin+RF study arm also had better survival than the arm treated with RF ablation alone (mean, 37.6 days 20.1 vs 23.4 days 5.0; P = .001), the arm treated with Free-Vin+RF (23.3 days 1.2, P = .002), or the arm treated with Empty-Lip+RF (20.8 days 0.4, P < .001) in animals with medium-sized (10-12-mm) tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors . No significant difference in end-point survival was noted in the treatment arms with large or small tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors . Conclusion Thermo-Vin can effectively increase tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors destruction and improve animal survival. End-point survival is most affected in animals with medium-sized tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors , suggesting that combination therapy should be tailored to tumor, Tumors, Tumor, tumors size and the expected volume of ablation of the device used. ( ) RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
| null |
607_biomrc
|
Title: Expression analysis of @entity1759 isoforms S and V3, in XXXX with @entity1721 .
OBJECTIVES: patients759 is a member of the cell adhesion molecules family. Naturally, CD44S, along with CD44V3 influence the cell motility, migration, and adhesion, while in tumor cells they lead to tumor invasion, progression, and metastasis . The purpose of this research is to evaluate the CD44S and CD44V3 expression in patients721 ( patients721 ) and to reveal their correlations with clinicopathological features of patients . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fresh tumoral and distant tumor -free esophageal tissues were obtained from 50 patients with patients721 . Using quantitative real-time PCR, the expression levels of CD44S and CD44V3 were quantified and compared in both groups of cells. The patients had not received any therapeutic interference, such as chemotherapy or radiation, prior to sampling. RESULTS: Significant overexpression of CD44S and CD44V3 mRNA was observed in 13 (26.0%, P=0.03) and 11 (22.0%, P=0.007) tumor specimens, respectively. The expression of the genes were significantly correlated not only with each other (P=0.0001), but also with differentiation grade of tumor (P=0.033), stage of tumor progression (P=0.003), and depth of tumor invasion (P=0.00). In addition, low level of CD44V3 mRNA expression was attended to be associated with tumor invasion. CONCLUSION: There is no correlation between patients759 S expression with clinicopathological features of patients ; however, simultaneous expression of these genes has an important effect on tumorigenesis.
| null |
2652_biomrc
|
Title: Diagnostic laparoscopy in XXXX : a prospective, randomized study.
BACKGROUND: The optimal strategy for identifying patients with abdominal stab wounds requiring surgical repair has not been defined. The potential benefits of diagnostic laparoscopy by incorporating it into the routine diagnostic workup of patients with anterior abdominal stab wounds was evaluated in a two-layer, randomized study. METHODS: From May 1997 through January 2002, stable patients without peritonitis but with demonstrated peritoneal violation were randomized (A) to exploratory laparotomy (AEL) (n = 23) or diagnostic laparoscopy (ADL) (n = 20). Simultaneously, patients with equivocal peritoneal violation on local wound exploration were randomized (B) to diagnostic laparoscopy (BDL) (n = 28) or expectant nonoperative management (BNOM) (n = 31). Hospital morbidity, length of stay, and costs were primary endpoints, with postdischarge disability being a secondary endpoint. RESULTS: In patients with peritoneal penetration (AEL vs. ADL), there were minimal differences in the therapeutic operation rate (8 of 23 [AEL] vs. 8 of 20 [ADL], p = 0.761), mortality (none), morbidity (3 of 23 vs. 2 of 20, p = 0.999), hospital stay (mean +/- SD) (5.7 +/- 2.5 vs. 5.1 +/- 4.0 days, p = 0.049), hospital costs (4.6 +/- 1.3 vs. 4.8 +/- 1.9 x 1,000 EUR, p = 0.576), and length of sick leave (34 +/- 12 vs. 29 +/- 11 days, p = 0.305). In patients with equivocal peritoneal penetration (BDL vs. BNOM), laparoscopy found more mostly minor organ injuries (7 of 28 [BDL] vs. 1 of 31 [BNOM], p = 0.022) with no significant difference in therapeutic operations (3 of 28 vs. 1 of 31, p = 0.337) or morbidity (3 of 28 vs. 0 of 31, p = 0.101), but was associated with increased length of stay (2.6 +/- 2.1 vs. 1.9 +/- 1.8 days, p = 0.022), hospital costs (4.2 +/- 1.3 vs. 1.5 +/- 1.1 x 1,000 EUR, p = 0.000), and sick leave requirements (18 of 23 vs. 8 of 28 of eligible patients , p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: In patients with demonstrated peritoneal violation, laparoscopy offers little benefit over exploratory laparotomy. In patients with equivocal peritoneal penetration on local wound exploration, laparoscopy detects more mostly minor organ injuries than expectant nonoperative management but is associated with increased hospital stay, costs, and sick leave requirements. Overall, diagnostic laparoscopy cannot be recommended as a routine diagnostic tool in anterolateral abdominal and thoracoabdominal stab wounds.
| null |
609_biomrc
|
Title: Molecular and clinical aspects of drug-induced XXXX .
Drug-induced gingival overgrowth lesions, gingival overgrowth is a tissue-specific condition and is estimated to affect approximately one million North Americans. Lesions occur principally as side-effects from phenytoin , oral cancer94 , or ciclosporin therapy in approximately half of the human, people who take these agents. Due to new indications for these drugs, their use continues to grow. Here, we review the molecular and cellular characteristics of human, people gingival overgrowth lesions, gingival overgrowth and highlight how they differ considerably as a function of the causative drug. Analyses of molecular signaling pathways in cultured human, people gingival fibroblasts have provided evidence for their unique aspects compared with fibroblasts from the lung and kidney. These findings provide insights into both the basis for tissue specificity and into possible therapeutic opportunities which are reviewed here. Although ciclosporin -induced gingival overgrowth lesions, gingival overgrowth exhibit principally the presence of inflammation and little fibrosis , oral cancer94 - and especially phenytoin -induced lesions are highly fibrotic. The increased expression of markers of gingival fibrosis , particularly human, people2020 [also known as human, people2020 ( human, people2020 )], markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and more recently periostin and members of the human, people2553 oxidase family of enzymes have been documented in phenytoin or oral cancer94 lesions. Some oral fibrotic conditions such as human, people2120 and oral submucous fibrosis , after subsequent additional genetic damage, can develop into oral cancer . Since many pathways are shared, the study of gingival fibrosis and comparisons with characteristics and molecular drivers of oral cancer would likely enhance understandings and functional roles of molecular drivers of these oral pathologies.
| null |
2657_biomrc
|
Title: @entity11 : XXXX -enhanced Molecular MR Imaging and Optical Imaging for Potential Intraoperative Delineation of Tumor Margins.
UNASSIGNED: Purpose To investigate the possibility of using motexafin gadolinium ( MGd )-enhanced molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and optical imaging to identify the true margins of gliomas, allow complete removal of gliomas . Materials and Methods The animal protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats, rats with gliomas, allow complete removal of gliomas were randomized into six groups of six Sprague-Dawley rats, rats . Five groups were euthanized 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes after intravenous administration of 6 mg/kg of MGd , while one group received only saline solution as a control group. After craniotomy, optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging were performed to identify the tumor, glioma tumor margins. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare optical photon intensity and MR imaging signal-to-noise ratios. Histologic analysis was performed to confirm the intracellular uptake of MGd by tumor, glioma tumor cells and to correlate the tumor, glioma tumor margins delineated on both optical and MR images. Results Both optical imaging and T1-weighted MR imaging showed tumor, glioma tumor margins. The highest optical photon intensity (2.6 * 10(8) photons per second per mm(2) 2.3 * 10(7); analysis of variance, P < .001) and MR signal-to-noise ratio (77.61 2.52; analysis of variance, P = .006) were reached at 15-30 minutes after administration of MGd , with continued tumor, glioma tumor visibility at 2-4 hours. Examination with confocal microscopy allowed confirmation that the fluorescence of optical images and MR imaging T1 enhancement exclusively originated from MGd that accumulated in the cytoplasm of tumor, glioma tumor cells. Conclusion MGd -enhanced optical and MR imaging can allow determination of tumor, glioma tumor margins at the optimal time of 15-120 minutes after administration of MGd . Clinical application of these results may gliomas, allow complete removal of gliomas in a hybrid surgical setting in which intraoperative optical and MR imaging are available. ( ) RSNA, 2015.
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4709_biomrc
|
Title: Incidence and Risk Factors for Respiratory Complications in XXXX Undergoing Esophagectomy for Malignancy: A NSQIP Analysis.
Respiratory complications are the most frequent adverse events in Patients, patients undergoing esophagectomy for cancer , and their occurrence may negatively affect postoperative recovery and outcomes. We queried the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program dataset to study the rate and influence of pneumonia , unplanned intubation, and ventilator dependency >48 hours on the early outcomes after esophagectomy and risk factors for their development. We included adult Patients, patients with an esophageal or gastric cancer diagnosis who were treated with esophagectomy between 2005 and 2012 and grouped them into 2 categories with respect to development of Patients, patients576 . Early surgical outcomes (including 30-day mortality, overall morbidity, return to operating room, and length of hospital stay) were compared. Risk factors associated with Patients, patients576 after esophagectomy were assessed using modified Poisson regression. A total of 2945 Patients, patients were identified and Patients, patients576 were observed in 687 (23.3%) of them. We observed a significant Patients, patients576 rates after esophagectomy throughout the studied years. Patients, patients who developed Patients, patients576 were older and had more comorbidities and longer operative time. These Patients, patients also had statistically significantly higher rates of 30-day mortality and overall morbidity and were more likely to return to the operating room and to stay in the hospital longer. On multivariable analysis, numerous factors, including advanced age, smoking, alcohol use, Patients, patients353 , history of Patients, patients030 , and prolonged operative time, were found to be risk factors for developing Patients, patients576 . As the development of Patients, patients576 leads to worse early surgical outcomes after esophagectomy, efforts should be made to prevent their occurrence by identifying Patients, patients with significant risk factors.
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614_biomrc
|
Title: Endoscopic surgery for XXXX : an eighteen year experience.
INTRODUCTION: Curative resection of malignant tumours of the skull base is increasingly undertaken endoscopically. Hitherto the diverse histology, rarity and long natural history have made it difficult to accrue statistically robust cohorts for comparison with conventional craniofacial resection. It is now possible to make such a comparison in a large personal cohort. METHOD: Data on all cases of sinonasal malignancy undergoing endoscopic resection with curative intent over an eighteen year period were collected prospectively and analysed for survival and prognostic factors. RESULTS: There were 140 cases, 68 women, men and 72 women, men , aged 20-92 years (mean 63 yrs). Follow-up ranged from 6-184 months (mean 60 months). Eighteen different histopathologies were represented with olfactory neuroblastoma (36), malignant melanoma (33) and adenocarcinoma (19) being the commonest. Additional radiotherapy was given in 95 cases and chemotherapy in 49. Overall survival is 84% at 5 years and 69% at 10 years. Overall disease-free survival was 77% at 5 years and 56% at ten. Overall and disease-free survival at 5 (and 10) years is, respectively, 97% and 90% for olfactory neuroblastoma , 79% and 68% for adenocarcinoma and 56% and 39% for malignant melanoma . CONCLUSION: These results show that endoscopic resection is an alternative to conventional craniofacial resection in selected cases.
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613_biomrc
|
Title: The @entity876 Arg72Pro polymorphism, XXXX , and invasive @entity1544 .
A. Storey et al. [Nature (Lond.), 393: 229-234, 1998)] reported a 7-fold increased risk of tumor, cervical cancer associated with having an tumor, cervical cancer34 / tumor, cervical cancer34 polymorphism at codon 72 of p53 compared with the Pro/ tumor, cervical cancer34 heterozygotes (odds ratio, 7.4; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-29.4). Complementary in vitro studies suggested that the HPV E6 oncoprotein more readily targets the invasive cervical cancer69 form, as opposed to the women521 form, of p53 for degradation. We investigated the impact of this polymorphism in a population-based case-control study of invasive cervical cancer . Using a PCR assay to detect the p53 codon 72 polymorphism, we tested blood samples from 111 women with invasive women544 of the cervix identified by a population-based registry and 164 random-digit telephone-dialed controls. The distribution of the genotype among control women was 38% heterozygous, 7% women521 homozygous, and 55% invasive cervical cancer69 homozygous, and among the cases was 38%, 6%, and 56%, respectively. There was no increased risk of women544 associated with homozygosity for the invasive cervical cancer69 allele (odds ratio, 1.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.7). Furthermore, there was no modification of this result by women082 ) DNA status of the tumor, cervical cancer , age, or smoking status. Among controls, there was no association between the polymorphism and women799 L1 seropositivity. However, among case subjects, the codon 72 polymorphism may be related to women799 L1 seropositivity status.
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