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# 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
## Report
### Practice
Practice started on the Friday with Alonso leading at the end of both practice sessions. In both sessions, he outpaced his teammate and the closest Ferrari driven by Felipe Massa. BMW Sauber were pleased with 5th place in the first session and 7th in the second from Nick Heidfeld despite his report that the car was \"very difficult to drive\". Robert Kubica\'s car suffered a fuel leak resulting in him being unable to post a timed lap in the morning session. Kubica also told the press after the fuel leak, \"the car has been quite difficult to drive.\" Both Red Bull drivers finished in the top ten of the morning practice. Honda was slower than its customer team Super Aguri in the first practice, but Barrichello was faster than Takuma Sato in the second practice. Toyota\'s suspension problems meant that their second practice was cut short, but not before Ralf Schumacher narrowly missed a groundhog that ran across the track. After experiencing problems with Jarno Trulli\'s suspension, Toyota stopped both drivers for 45 minutes as a precautionary measure. By the time they got the cars back on the track, they only managed a few extra laps until the problem recurred. Heikki Kovalainen ended his practice day by going into the wall at turn 7, damaging the suspension. His teammate, Fisichella, performed better, staying in the top 8 in both sessions. At the end of the afternoon practice, Mark Webber slowed down unexpectedly before turn 8 causing Scott Speed to drive into the back of the Red Bull. Webber had overtaken Speed just before this incident.
The Saturday morning practice session was 17 minutes shorter than the scheduled 60 minutes, due to Kovalainen\'s Renault having a suspected engine failure. The failure caused oil to be split on the track, this failure persisted during the race weekend. This resulted in a red flag period, from 10:33 am until 10:50 am local time. Hamilton led the practice with the fastest lap; with Räikkönen, Alonso and Massa posting the second, third and fourth fastest laps respectively. Sato finished the session with the fifth fastest lap in the Super Aguri car, outpacing the Honda works team for the second time during the race weekend. Toyota continued a disappointing race weekend, with the 14th and 16th fastest laps. Their suspension problems from the day before had not been resolved, and the two drivers were given instructions to avoid the kerbs at turn 8 to minimise further damage to the suspension. Red Bull came back with both of the two repaired cars entering the top ten.
### Qualifying
In qualifying Hamilton took his first pole position as part of a McLaren one-two. Heidfeld improved on his practice performance to take third position, in front of the Ferraris of Räikkönen and Massa. Massa shared the third row with Mark Webber, who did not seem to be suffering the same braking problem that almost put teammate David Coulthard out in the first session of qualifying. Coulthard had only one attempt at a lap in the second session as a result. Nico Rosberg, Robert Kubica, Giancarlo Fisichella and Jarno Trulli completed the top ten.
Consistent with previous form, the Hondas of Barrichello and Button failed to make it into the top ten; they qualified 13th and 15th respectively. Takuma Sato once again outqualified the two Honda cars, just missing out on the top ten, in front of Vitantonio Liuzzi. He made it through to the second session of qualifying by 94 hundredths of a second, where he qualified in 14th. Scott Speed was the slowest car in the second session of qualifying putting him in 16th position.
Anthony Davidson missed out on the second session of qualifying, putting his Super Aguri in 17th position, 3 places behind his teammate Sato. Ralf Schumacher and his team were disappointed with qualifying in 18th. Heikki Kovalainen crashed into the wall at turn 5, damaging his rear suspension and losing his rear wing, resulting in the session being stopped temporarily. Once the debris had been cleared, Kovalainen in his repaired car managed one impressive lap that put him in 13th, after which six drivers outqualified him. Kovalainen then had to make an engine change due to an engine failure and was demoted to the back of the grid. Wurz, Sutil and Albers qualified in 19th, 20th and 21st respectively after being pushed up a place by Kovalainen\'s engine change.
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# 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
## Report
### Race
Lewis Hamilton led from the start, preventing Fernando Alonso from overtaking at turn one. Alonso ran wide allowing Nick Heidfeld to overtake him and move into second place. Alonso damaged his car in the process and subsequently ran off the track at turn one a further three times during the race. Jenson Button had a gearbox problem at the start of the race and was unable to select first gear causing him stall on the grid. Christijan Albers started from pit lane. The first accident of the race involved Scott Speed who clipped the rear wing of Wurz\' Williams and went into the hairpin with a broken suspension.
Alonso ran across the grass at turn one again on lap 15, which resulted in him falling further behind Hamilton. Three laps later he made a similar mistake at the same turn, resulting in him sliding across the grass for the third time in the race. This caused him to drop back to fourth as it allowed Massa to go round the inside of Alonso into third. Massa moved into second when Heidfeld pitted on lap 20. Hamilton pitted on lap 22, rejoining the race in third place.
On lap 22 Adrian Sutil crashed at turn four and the safety car had to be deployed; Hamilton had pitted just before the incident. Thus the pit lane was closed but Fernando Alonso and Nico Rosberg were forced to pit in order to avoid running out of fuel, and were given ten-second stop-and-go penalties. When the pit lane was re-opened and the rest of the field pitted, Massa and Giancarlo Fisichella left the pit lane while the red light was still on. Both were later disqualified from the race on lap 51.
The race was restarted on lap 26, and on the approach to the hairpin later in the lap Robert Kubica hit the back of Jarno Trulli\'s Toyota. The impact forced Kubica onto the grass at the edge of the track, where a bump launched his car into and along the concrete wall just before the hairpin. After losing three wheels, the nose and suffering major damage to the sidepods in the initial impact, the BMW flipped back across the track and came to rest against the barrier in the run-off area on the other side of the track. Although initial reports said that he had broken his leg, Kubica only suffered a sprained ankle and concussion. The safety car was deployed again after this crash. The safety car was also deployed on lap 50, due to debris from a crash involving Christijan Albers on the previous lap, and on lap 55 due to Vitantonio Liuzzi crashing into the wall of champions once again. On Lap 58, Jarno Trulli was trying to pass Wurz, but his front track rod clipped away causing him to crash. Cement was placed at the hairpin around Kubica\'s accident. Räikkönen ran wide after he misjudged the braking on the dust. The Super Aguri of Takuma Sato went past him as a result and moved into 10th place. On lap 37, Trulli and Nico Rosberg were battling for position going into turn 1. Both span off the track in almost synchronized fashion without touching each other but were able to keep going. This occurrence amused reporters due to it resembling a form of dance. Anthony Davidson also made an unscheduled pit stop, claiming after the race that a beaver had damaged his front wing although Canadian reports said it more likely to have been a groundhog. One lap later David Coulthard was forced to retire due to a gearbox problem. Ralf Schumacher also stopped on this lap and this allowed Massa, Fisichella and Sato to move ahead of both of them. Räikkönen had his second pit stop on lap 52 at the same time as Alonso. The latter was able to pass him just after they had exited the pits side by side. This moved him into 5th.
Including the two disqualifications, ten drivers failed to finish the race, six of them because of accidents including Kubica. Four of them gearbox failures. Several cars were damaged during the race: Wurz\'s rear wing was damaged in the incident that took out Speed, while Davidson hit a groundhog on the racetrack. This meant that the safety car had to be deployed on four occasions. At the final restart on lap sixty, all of the remaining twelve cars were on the same lap creating some close racing and a lot of overtaking. Hamilton sustained his consistent pace throughout all of the incidents and pulled clear of Heidfeld in the closing stages, taking his first race win relatively comfortably. Barrichello dropped ten places on his final pit stop. Hamilton\'s championship lead was strengthened when Sato overtook the reigning world champion to move into sixth place around the outside of the final chicane, having switched to the harder tyres on his final stop.
Austria\'s Alexander Wurz drove through the field in his Williams from 19th at the start to finish third by taking one pitstop, completing 40 laps on super soft tires. By finishing third, Wurz recorded his third and final career podium in the race that marked ten years since his debut race in F1. His podium remains the last scored by an Austrian driver. This was the first podium finish for Williams since the 2005 European Grand Prix, with Nick Heidfeld in second place after trailing Hamilton for the majority of the race. The safety car deployments also allowed Heikki Kovalainen to move up to fourth after starting at the back of the grid. The race was the first time in the 2007 season where a driver from a team other than Ferrari or McLaren made the podium.
Sato overtook the McLaren-Mercedes of world champion Fernando Alonso on lap 67, just after overtaking Ralf Schumacher and having overtaken Ferrari\'s Kimi Räikkönen earlier in the race. He finished sixth after having a race that had seen him move from the middle of the grid; to the back of the pack and to a high of fifth before a pit-stop error caused him to move back to eleventh; were moved up 5 places in the last 15 laps. Sato was voted \"Driver of the Day\" on the ITV website over Hamilton\'s first win. This was the last time that Super Aguri scored Formula One points, and its biggest single points haul. The team\'s only other point came at the 2007 Spanish Grand Prix.
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# 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
## Report
### Post-race {#post_race}
Reaction to the race was mainly focused on Hamilton and the fact that it was his first Grand Prix victory, making him the first black driver to ever win a Formula One race. It was also thought impressive that it had taken only six races for him to win and, in the process, take the lead in the drivers\' championship at the age of 22. Niki Lauda said he was \"stunned\" by the victory and Damon Hill believed \"People should not underestimate what he had achieved in a short space of time\". Speculation began about the possibility of him winning the drivers championship.
Alonso and the Ferrari team were disappointed with the outcome of the race. Alonso was now eight points behind Hamilton in the drivers championship, as a result of finishing 7th. Ferrari lost ground in both the constructors and driver championship, after gaining a total of just four points from the race. Alonso believed Hamilton to have been \"very lucky\" to have won the race and did not congratulate his teammate after the race. Hamilton\'s performance was felt to have been faultless and all the more impressive due to four separate deployments of the Safety Car.
As a result of his crash Kubica was unable to race at the next Grand Prix in the United States. The decision to not allow him to race was made by the sport\'s governing body the FIA, as they believed it was a too much of a risk for him to race in case of another crash so soon after this one, despite Kubica stating that he was \"ready to race\". He was replaced by Sebastian Vettel for the next race.
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# 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
## Classification
### Qualifying {#qualifying_1}
Driver Constructor Q1 Q2 Q3
--------- ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- -----------------------------
1 2 Lewis Hamilton align=\"center\" nowrap\|McLaren-Mercedes 1:16.576 **1:15.486** **1:15.707** 1
2 1 Fernando Alonso McLaren-Mercedes 1:16.562 1:15.522 1:16.163 2
3 9 Nick Heidfeld BMW Sauber 1:17.006 1:15.960 1:16.266 3
4 6 Kimi Räikkönen Ferrari **1:16.468** 1:16.592 1:16.411 4
5 5 Felipe Massa Ferrari 1:16.756 1:16.138 1:16.570 5
6 15 Mark Webber Red Bull-Renault 1:17.315 1:16.257 1:16.913 6
7 16 Nico Rosberg Williams-Toyota 1:17.016 1:16.190 1:16.919 7
8 10 Robert Kubica BMW Sauber 1:17.267 1:16.368 1:16.993 8
9 3 align=\"center\" nowrap\|`{{flagicon|Italy}}`{=mediawiki} Giancarlo Fisichella Renault 1:16.805 1:16.288 1:17.229 9
10 12 Jarno Trulli Toyota 1:17.324 1:16.600 1:17.747 10
11 22 Takuma Sato Super Aguri-Honda 1:17.490 1:16.743 11
12 18 Vitantonio Liuzzi Toro Rosso-Ferrari 1:17.541 1:16.760 12
13 8 Rubens Barrichello Honda 1:17.011 1:17.116 13
14 14 David Coulthard Red Bull-Renault 1:17.436 1:17.304 14
15 7 Jenson Button Honda 1:17.522 1:17.541 15
16 19 Scott Speed Toro Rosso-Ferrari 1:17.433 1:17.571 16
17 23 Anthony Davidson Super Aguri-Honda 1:17.542 17
18 11 Ralf Schumacher Toyota 1:17.634 18
19 4 Heikki Kovalainen Renault 1:17.806 22`{{ref|1|1}}`{=mediawiki}
20 17 Alexander Wurz Williams-Toyota 1:18.089 19
21 20 Adrian Sutil Spyker-Ferrari 1:18.536 20
22 21 Christijan Albers Spyker-Ferrari 1:19.196 21
Source:
Notes
- -- Heikki Kovalainen was given a ten-place grid penalty after he made an unscheduled engine change. This was due to an engine failure during the Saturday practice session (P3).
### Race {#race_1}
Driver Constructor Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
----- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ------ ------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------- --------
1 2 **Lewis Hamilton** align=\"center\" nowrap\| **McLaren-Mercedes** 70 1:44:11.292 1 **10**
2 9 **Nick Heidfeld** **BMW Sauber** 70 +4.343 3 **8**
3 17 **Alexander Wurz** **Williams-Toyota** 70 +5.325 19 **6**
4 4 **Heikki Kovalainen** **Renault** 70 +6.729 22 **5**
5 6 **Kimi Räikkönen** **Ferrari** 70 +13.007 4 **4**
6 22 **Takuma Sato** **Super Aguri-Honda** 70 +16.698 11 **3**
7 1 **Fernando Alonso** **McLaren-Mercedes** 70 +21.936 2 **2**
8 11 **Ralf Schumacher** **Toyota** 70 +22.888 18 **1**
9 15 Mark Webber Red Bull-Renault 70 +22.960 6
10 16 Nico Rosberg Williams-Toyota 70 +23.984 7
11 23 Anthony Davidson Super Aguri-Honda 70 +24.318 17
12 8 Rubens Barrichello Honda 70 +30.439 13
Ret 12 Jarno Trulli Toyota 58 Accident 10
Ret 18 Vitantonio Liuzzi Toro Rosso-Ferrari 54 Accident 12
Ret 21 Christijan Albers Spyker-Ferrari 47 Collision damage PL`{{ref|2|2}}`{=mediawiki}
Ret 14 David Coulthard Red Bull-Renault 36 Gearbox 14
Ret 10 Robert Kubica BMW Sauber 26 Accident 8
Ret 20 Adrian Sutil Spyker-Ferrari 21 Accident 20
Ret 19 Scott Speed Toro Rosso-Ferrari 8 Collision 16
Ret 7 Jenson Button Honda 0 Gearbox 15
DSQ 5 Felipe Massa Ferrari 51 Exited pits under red light`{{ref|3|3}}`{=mediawiki} 5
DSQ 3 align=\"center\" nowrap\| `{{flagicon|Italy}}`{=mediawiki} Giancarlo Fisichella Renault 51 Exited pits under red light`{{ref|3|3}}`{=mediawiki} 9
Notes:
- -- Christijan Albers started from pit lane.
- -- Felipe Massa and Giancarlo Fisichella were disqualified for exiting the pit lane when the red light was on.
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# 2007 Canadian Grand Prix
## Championship standings after the race {#championship_standings_after_the_race}
Drivers\' Championship standings
+/-- Driver Points
--------- --- ----------------- --------
1 1 Lewis Hamilton 48
1 2 Fernando Alonso 40
3 Felipe Massa 33
4 Kimi Räikkönen 27
5 Nick Heidfeld 26
Source:
Constructors\' Championship standings
+/-- Constructor Points
--------- --- ------------------ --------
1 McLaren-Mercedes 88
2 Ferrari 60
3 BMW Sauber 38
4 Renault 21
5 Williams-Toyota 13
Source:
- **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.
## Awards
ITV\'s coverage of this race won a BAFTA in 2007, in the category \"Best Sport\"
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# Moorbank Botanic Gardens
The **Moorbank Botanic Garden** was a university botanical garden in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It occupied a 3 hectare site on Claremont Road to the west of the main Newcastle University campus, and was developed in the 1920s. Moorbank was leased from the Freemen of Newcastle until 2013, when the lease was not renewed and gardens were closed.
## History
The first plants at Moorbank were grown in 1923. The area under cultivation was extended in 1980 using plants from the collection of Randle Cooke, a plant collector from Corbridge, who bequeathed his garden to the university. The glasshouse complex was erected in 1985 and held collections of tropical and desert plants.
It was announced in 2012 that Newcastle University would be withdrawing its support for the facility as botany was no longer so important in its research profile. The gardens closed in November 2013.
### Uses
The glasshouses were divided into cool areas (8--10 °C in winter) and warmer areas (min 16 °C in winter). They contain plants being used for research. Outside were formal plantings and collections of rhododendron, potentilla and medicinal plants.
Through a volunteer network the garden was opened to the public on certain days via the National Gardens Scheme. The garden linked with Tyne and Wear Museums to provide environmental workshops for primary schools and was a venue for adult evening classes in painting and photography. In 2012, the garden received Heritage Lottery Fund funding to improve public access to the gardens
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# Electoral district of Paterson
**The Patterson** was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian State of New South Wales from 1859 to 1880. It was named after the Paterson River, which was named after Colonel William Paterson. The river flows from Barrington Tops to the Hunter River at Morpeth. The district was created in 1858 replacing part of the 3 member district of Durham and comprised the midland and northern parts of the County of Durham. In 1880 it was replaced by Durham
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# Kevan James
**Kevan David James** (born 18 March 1961) is an English former first-class cricketer who spent most of his career with Hampshire whom he won the NatWest Trophy and Benson & Hedges Cup with in the early 1990s.
He born at Lambeth in 1961 and educated at the Edmonton County School, in the London Borough of Enfield.
A middle-order batsman and left-arm seam bowler, he toured Australia and the West Indies with Young England before forging a successful career with Hampshire. He also played some first-class cricket for Wellington in New Zealand. James is perhaps best known for a game against the Indians in 1996 when he took a record equaling four wickets in four balls, and followed it up with a hundred later in the match. These Indian wickets included Sachin Tendulkar and Rahul Dravid. The Cricinfo report from the match claimed that no-one, in the history of cricket, had taken four wickets in four balls and scored a hundred in the same game. The second player to have accomplished a 4-in-4 and a century was Kelly Smuts, for Eastern Province (EP) against Boland at Paarl in 2015--16.
His brother, Martin, played List A cricket for Hertfordshire.
Since at least 2003, James has been reporting on Hampshire for BBC Radio Solent and is currently the lead Hampshire commentator for the BBC\'s ball-by-ball radio coverage of county cricket. He\'s also well known for his big deep booming voice
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# Alaska Newspapers, Inc.
**Alaska Newspapers, Inc.** (ANI) was, until August 2011, the publisher of six weekly Alaska newspapers, a quarterly magazine, and several special publications including a shopper, visitor\'s guides, and programs.
ANI was founded by Edgar Blatchford in 1983 with the purchase of the Seward Phoenix Log. In 1990, The Tundra Drums was added to the company\'s portfolio in a partnership with Calista Corporation, an Alaska Native Regional Corporation created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971. ANI has its headquarters in Anchorage, Alaska and is currently a majority-owned subsidiary of Calista.
## Newspapers
Alaska Newspapers, Inc. (ANI), published six weekly newspapers serving Bush Alaska. As of August 2011, all of these newspapers had been sold or were in the process of being sold to new owners. The *Arctic Sounder*, the *Bristol Bay Times* and the *Dutch Harbor Fisherman* were sold to new publishers Jason Evans and Kiana Peacock. The *Seward Phoenix Log* and the *Tundra Drums* were sold to Edgar Blatchford. The Cordova Times was sold to Jennifer Gibbins, who was editor of the paper for the last year.
- *[Arctic Sounder](http://www.thearcticsounder.com)*, serving the Northwest Arctic Borough and the North Slope Borough;
- *[Bristol Bay Times](http://www.thebristolbaytimes.com)* serving the Bristol Bay communities of Dillingham, King Salmon, Naknek, and surrounding villages.
- *[Cordova Times](http://www.thecordovatimes.com)* serving Cordova and Prince William Sound.
- *[Dutch Harbor Fisherman](http://www.thedutchharborfisherman.com)* serving communities in the Aleutians and Pribilofs.
- *[Seward Phoenix Log](http://www.thesewardphoenixlog.com)* serving the eastern Kenai Peninsula communities of Seward, Moose Pass, and Cooper Landing.
- *[Tundra Drums](http://www.thetundradrums.com)* serving Bethel and other villages on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta.
ANI formerly published three additional newspapers, the *Anchorage Chronicle,* the *Valdez Vanguard* and *The Bering Strait Record*. The *Anchorage Chronicle*, a general-interest weekly newspaper serving Anchorage, began publication in 2001, but shut down in 2004 due to its failure in the highly competitive Anchorage market to gain enough subscriptions or rack sales to entice advertisers. The *Valdez Vanguard,* a weekly newspaper serving Valdez, was sold in 2003 to its competitor, the Valdez Star. *The Bering Strait Record* was founded in Nome, Alaska in 1997, but was closed by publisher Chris Casati in 2000.
## Other publications {#other_publications}
Alaska Newspapers, Inc. also publishes the quarterly magazine *First Alaskans*.
The *Alaska Bush Shopper* is a monthly shopping guide for residents of Bush Alaska. *Alaska Bush Shopper* is distributed via mail to over 230 regional villages in addition to being included as an insert in ANI\'s weekly newspapers.
ANI\'s other publications include a quarterly statewide health feature called *Healthy Life*; the monthly feature *Kids These Days* highlighting achievements of youth in villages and communities around Alaska; the annual feature *Career & Education Guide*\' programs for annual events including the Camai Dance Festival, the Seward Silver Salmon Derby, the Seward Mount Marathon Race, and visitor\'s guides to Dutch Harbor and Unalaska, Seward, and Prince William Sound.
## Camai Printing {#camai_printing}
ANI\'s subsidiary **Camai Printing**, also headquartered in Anchorage, provides traditional print services, such as printing of letterhead, business cards, 4-color posters, brochures, and envelopes as well as newsprint web press printing services
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# Diloma
***Diloma*** is a genus of medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Trochidae, the top snails.
There is also a genus *Diloma*, F.H.Wind & P.Cepek, 1979 a genus of phytoplankton in the class Prymnesiophyceae
## Description
The solid shell is imperforate and depressed globose. It is slate-colored or black, sometimes (especially if worn) reddish or brownish. The conic spire is short. The apex is acute, usually reddish. The sutures are linear. The five whorls are slightly convex, rapidly increasing and spirally obsoletely striate. The body whorl is usually depressed or subconcave below the suture. The base of the shell is rounded, eroded and iridescent in front of the aperture. The aperture is huge, oblique iridescent. The outer lip is rather thin, not black-margined within; but bordered by a brilliantly iridescent band; The columella is concave, obsoletely subdentate below, very broad and flattened or excavated on the face. It is composed principally of an opaque white layer which also lines the base but does not extend to the edge of the lip. The length of the shell varies between 15 mm and 26 mm. Its diameter varies between 17 mm and 24 mm.
## Distribution
This genus occurs in the Indo-Pacific, including New Zealand, Japan, and other areas.
## Species
Phylogram of the species in the genus *Diloma*:
Other species in the genus not included in the phylogram include:
- *Diloma durvillaea* Spencer, Marshall & Waters, 2009Spencer H. G., Marshall B. A. & Waters J. M. (2009). \"Systematics and phylogeny of a new cryptic species of *Diloma* Philippi (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae) from a novel habitat, the bull kelp holdfast communities of southern New Zealand\". *Invertebrate Systematics* **23**: 19-25. `{{doi|10.1071/IS08030}}`{=mediawiki}. [PDF](http://www.publish.csiro.au/?act=view_file&file_id=IS08030.pdf).
```{=html}
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```
- *Diloma nanum* Gould, 1861
Species brought into synonymy:
- *Diloma constellatum* Souverbie, 1863: synonym of *Austrocochlea constellata* (Souverbie, 1863)
- *Diloma coracina* Suter, H., 1909: synonym of *Diloma arida* (Finlay, 1927)
- *Diloma gaimardi* Hutton: synonym of *Diloma aethiops* Gmelin, 1791
- *Diloma impervia* (Menke, 1843): synonym of *Oxystele impervia* (Menke, 1843)
- *Diloma piperinum* (Philippi, 1849): synonym of *Austrocochlea piperina* (Philippi, 1849)
- *Diloma sinensis* (Gmelin, 1791) :synonym of *Oxystele sinensis* (Gmelin, 1791)
- *Diloma suavis* (Philippi, 1849): synonym of *Pictodiloma suavis* (Philippi, 1849)
- *Diloma tabularis* (Krauss, 1848): synonym of *Oxystele tabularis* (Krauss, 1848)
- *Diloma tigrina* (Anton, 1838): synonym of *Oxystele tigrina* (Anton, 1838)
- *Diloma variegata* (Anton, 1838): synonym of *Oxystele variegata* (Anton, 1838)
- *Diloma novaezelandiae* Anton, 1839: synonym of *Diloma subrostrata* (Gray in Yate, 1835)
- *Diloma (Chlorodiloma) millelineata* (Bonnett, 1864): synonym of *Chlorodiloma millelineata* (Bonnett, 1864)
- *Diloma (Fractarmilla) lenior* Finlay, H.J
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# Robert Curson
**Robert Curson** (c. lk=no`{{mdash}}`{=mediawiki}1535) was an English courtier at the court of Henry VIII of England, and also that of emperor Maximilian I.
He was born in Blaxhall, Suffolk
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# 2007 United States Grand Prix
The **2007 United States Grand Prix** (formally the **2007 Formula 1 United States Grand Prix**) was a Formula One motor race held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana, in the United States on 17 June 2007. The 73-lap race was the seventh race of the 2007 FIA Formula One World Championship and was won by McLaren-Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton. His teammate, Fernando Alonso, finished the race in second position whilst Ferrari driver, Felipe Massa, completed the podium by finishing third. This was the debut race of the future four time world champion Sebastian Vettel with BMW Sauber F1 Team.
The race was Formula One\'s final visit to Indianapolis, after an eight-season period. The event was removed from the 2008 calendar a few months later and Formula One did not return to the United States until November 2012, at the Circuit of the Americas.
## Report
### Background
Robert Kubica\'s massive crash at the Canadian Grand Prix resulted in the season\'s first driver change. Although Kubica passed the medical examination and did not seem to show any ill effects, the FIA medical delegate decided it would be best to rest him for the weekend, and not risk another concussion so close to the previous one. He was replaced in the BMW Sauber team by Formula Renault 3.5 Series championship leader, 19-year-old German Sebastian Vettel, who made his Formula One debut at the Indianapolis circuit.
### Practice
Friday\'s morning practice was dominated by McLaren and BMW Sauber, with Fernando Alonso putting in the fastest time. Sebastian Vettel started his first race weekend with a fourth fastest time. Ferrari, who expected that their pace would return at Indianapolis, found themselves on either side of Williams driver Nico Rosberg with the fifth and seventh fastest times.
### Qualifying
David Coulthard\'s Red Bull-Renault was the first car to leave the pit lane in part one of the qualifying session. His partner, Mark Webber, was close behind followed by the Spyker and Williams cars. With about six minutes left in the session, Coulthard spun out in turn eight. Fernando Alonso ran first, Nick Heidfeld second, and Lewis Hamilton closely behind in third. Although they struggled, both Ferraris made it, as well as Vettel. Scott Speed failed to make it out of Q1 in his native country, along with team-mate Vitantonio Liuzzi, Adrian Sutil, Takuma Sato, Alexander Wurz, and Christijan Albers.
McLaren and Ferrari began part two of their battle with Hamilton taking the top spot early. However, his team-mate, Fernando Alonso took top spot midway through. Felipe Massa, Kimi Räikkönen, and Heidfeld along with the two McLarens made the top five again. Webber made it to the next session, although his team-mate Coulthard was relegated along with 2002 United States Grand Prix winner Rubens Barrichello. Barrichello\'s partner Jenson Button was also relegated, along with Nico Rosberg, Anthony Davidson, and Ralf Schumacher.
In part three Hamilton was first out and set the quickest time with a 1:13:089. Alonso was about four tenths behind, followed by Heidfeld and the Ferraris. Giancarlo Fisichella and Heikki Kovalainen, both Renault drivers, also were near the top, but Jarno Trulli and Webber knocked Fisichella down the order. With about 5 minutes left, Massa took first spot and Räikkönen took second. Hamilton was bumped to third, Alonso fourth, and Heidfeld remained fifth. About one minute later, Hamilton took the top spot, and Alonso second. Alonso had one lap left, but could only get within about 2 tenths of a second of rookie teammate Lewis Hamilton. Massa and Räikkönen were dropped to third and fourth respectively. Heidfeld held on to fifth, with Kovalainen in sixth, bouncing back from his disappointing 22nd starting position in Canada. Vettel finished seventh, just two spots behind his temporary partner, Heidfeld. Trulli was 8th, with Red Bull-Renault\'s Mark Webber ninth and Fisichella tenth.
### Race
Lewis Hamilton, on the pole, sped off the grid. Fernando Alonso stayed close behind, followed by the Ferraris. The drama in turn one was in the middle of the pack. Vettel ran wide and lost places, but escaped damage. Ralf Schumacher, who started in 12th, turned in late, and ended up crashing into David Coulthard, who he had started alongside. Jenson Button and Nico Rosberg, 13th and 14th respectively, escaped but Rubens Barrichello got caught up. Schumacher was out on the spot, while Coulthard and Barrichello limped back to the pits and retired.
Later, Kimi Räikkönen was caught by Nick Heidfeld and Heikki Kovalainen. Up front, the top four were running strongly until the pit stops came around. The top four all went in early, soon followed by Heidfeld in the BMW Sauber, leaving sixth place qualifier Kovalainen in first. He led five laps, and Hamilton then regained the lead (Alonso and Massa led one lap each).
Despite a mid-race challenge from team-mate Fernando Alonso, in which the two McLaren drivers were racing side-by-side for the lead down the main straight, Hamilton maintained the lead to win his second-ever Formula One Grand Prix race, the other victory being in the previous event at Montreal. This marked McLaren\'s first 1-2 finish at the circuit and their first win at Indianapolis since Mika Häkkinen\'s final Grand Prix win in 2001.
Takuma Sato spun off at turn 3 after managing to pass Adrian Sutil. Sato had been due a drive-through penalty for overtaking under yellow flags, but this was changed to a 10-place grid penalty for the next race.
There were also three mechanical retirements -- Nico Rosberg in the Williams suffered an engine failure with only five laps to go, while BMW Sauber\'s Nick Heidfeld and Toro Rosso\'s Vitantonio Liuzzi also retired from the race due to mechanical failure.
| 951 |
2007 United States Grand Prix
| 0 |
10,120,514 |
# 2007 United States Grand Prix
## Classification
### Qualifying {#qualifying_1}
Driver Constructor Q1 Q2 Q3
--------- ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- ----
1 2 Lewis Hamilton align=\"center\" nowrap\|McLaren-Mercedes 1:12.563 1:12.065 **1:12.331** 1
2 1 Fernando Alonso McLaren-Mercedes **1:12.416** **1:11.926** 1:12.500 2
3 5 Felipe Massa Ferrari 1:12.731 1:12.180 1:12.703 3
4 6 Kimi Räikkönen Ferrari 1:12.732 1:12.111 1:12.839 4
5 9 Nick Heidfeld BMW Sauber 1:12.543 1:12.188 1:12.847 5
6 4 Heikki Kovalainen Renault 1:12.998 1:12.599 1:13.308 6
7 10 Sebastian Vettel BMW Sauber 1:12.711 1:12.644 1:13.513 7
8 12 Jarno Trulli Toyota 1:13.186 1:12.828 1:13.789 8
9 15 Mark Webber Red Bull-Renault 1:13.425 1:12.788 1:13.871 9
10 3 align=\"center\" nowrap\|`{{flagicon|Italy}}`{=mediawiki} Giancarlo Fisichella Renault 1:13.168 1:12.603 1:13.953 10
11 14 David Coulthard Red Bull-Renault 1:13.424 1:12.873 11
12 11 Ralf Schumacher Toyota 1:12.851 1:12.920 12
13 7 Jenson Button Honda 1:13.306 1:12.998 13
14 16 Nico Rosberg Williams-Toyota 1:13.128 1:13.060 14
15 8 Rubens Barrichello Honda 1:13.203 1:13.201 15
16 23 Anthony Davidson Super Aguri-Honda 1:13.164 1:13.259 16
17 17 Alexander Wurz Williams-Toyota 1:13.441 17
18 22 Takuma Sato Super Aguri-Honda 1:13.477 18
19 18 Vitantonio Liuzzi Toro Rosso-Ferrari 1:13.484 19
20 19 Scott Speed Toro Rosso-Ferrari 1:13.712 20
21 20 Adrian Sutil Spyker-Ferrari 1:14.122 21
22 21 Christijan Albers Spyker-Ferrari 1:14.597 22
Source:
### Race {#race_1}
Driver Constructor Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
----- ---- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ------ -------------------------------------------- ------ --------
1 2 **Lewis Hamilton** align=\"center\" nowrap\| **McLaren-Mercedes** 73 1:31:09.965 1 **10**
2 1 **Fernando Alonso** **McLaren-Mercedes** 73 +1.518 2 **8**
3 5 **Felipe Massa** **Ferrari** 73 +12.836 3 **6**
4 6 **Kimi Räikkönen** **Ferrari** 73 +15.422 4 **5**
5 4 **Heikki Kovalainen** **Renault** 73 +41.402 6 **4**
6 12 **Jarno Trulli** **Toyota** 73 +1:06.703 8 **3**
7 15 **Mark Webber** **Red Bull-Renault** 73 +1:07.331 9 **2**
8 10 **Sebastian Vettel** **BMW Sauber** 73 +1:07.783 7 **1**
9 3 align=\"center\" nowrap\| `{{flagicon|Italy}}`{=mediawiki} Giancarlo Fisichella Renault 72 +1 lap 10
10 17 Alexander Wurz Williams-Toyota 72 +1 lap 17
11 23 Anthony Davidson Super Aguri-Honda 72 +1 lap 16
12 7 Jenson Button Honda 72 +1 lap 13
13 19 Scott Speed Toro Rosso-Ferrari 71 +2 laps 20
14 20 Adrian Sutil Spyker-Ferrari 71 +2 laps 21
15 21 Christijan Albers Spyker-Ferrari 70 +3 laps 22
16 16 Nico Rosberg Williams-Toyota 68 Engine 14
17 18 Vitantonio Liuzzi Toro Rosso-Ferrari 68 Water pressure 19
Ret 9 Nick Heidfeld BMW Sauber 55 Hydraulics 5
Ret 22 Takuma Sato Super Aguri-Honda 13 Spun off 18
Ret 14 David Coulthard Red Bull-Renault 0 align=\"center\" nowrap\| Collision damage 11
Ret 8 Rubens Barrichello Honda 0 Collision damage 15
Ret 11 Ralf Schumacher Toyota 0 Collision 12
| 443 |
2007 United States Grand Prix
| 1 |
10,120,514 |
# 2007 United States Grand Prix
## Championship standings after the race {#championship_standings_after_the_race}
Drivers\' Championship standings
+/-- Driver Points
--------- --- ----------------- --------
1 Lewis Hamilton 58
2 Fernando Alonso 48
3 Felipe Massa 39
4 Kimi Räikkönen 32
5 Nick Heidfeld 26
Source:
Constructors\' Championship standings
+/-- Constructor Points
--------- --- ------------------ --------
1 McLaren-Mercedes 106
2 Ferrari 71
3 BMW Sauber 39
4 Renault 25
5 Williams-Toyota 13
Source:
- **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings
| 85 |
2007 United States Grand Prix
| 2 |
10,120,532 |
# Apsley Road Playground
**Apsley Road Playground** is a park and playground situated in South Norwood, London, England. It is managed by the London Borough of Croydon and covers an area of 0.25 acre. The park is mainly located on Apsley Road which is also the main entrance for the park. It is more targeted to the surrounding residential area. The playground\'s nearest Tramlink stop is Harrington Road.
## Facilities
In the playground there is children\'s play equipment. At night the playground is locked.
## History
The site was purchased by the Borough of Croydon in 1946 to build a children\'s playground and was previously a property known as 15 Apsley Road.
The children\'s playground was created in 1951. An air raid shelter at the rear of 15 Apsley Road was removed in 1973
| 134 |
Apsley Road Playground
| 0 |
10,120,535 |
# Wilkinson County School District (Mississippi)
The **Wilkinson County School District** is a public school district based in Woodville, Mississippi (USA). The district\'s boundaries parallel that of Wilkinson County. In addition to Woodville, the district includes the Wilkinson County portions of Centreville and Crosby.
## Schools
- Wilkinson County High School (*Unincorporated area* near Woodville)
- William Winans Middle School (Centreville)
- Wilkinson County Elementary School (*Unincorporated area* with Wilkinson County High School)
- Finch Elementary School (*Unincorporated area* near Centreville)
## Demographics
### 2007-08 school year {#school_year}
There were a total of 1,371 students enrolled in the Wilkinson County School District during the 2007--2008 school year. The gender makeup of the district was 49% female and 51% male. The racial makeup of the district was 99.56% African American, 0.36% White, and 0.07% Hispanic
| 134 |
Wilkinson County School District (Mississippi)
| 0 |
10,120,537 |
# M. V. Sridhar
**Maturi Venkat Sridhar** (2 August 1965 -- 30 October 2017) was an Indian first-class cricketer. He represented Hyderabad between 1988/89 and 1999/00, making 6701 runs at 48.91 with 21 hundreds. His highest score of 366 was the cornerstone for Hyderabad when they posted the record breaking total of 944/6 (declared) against Andhra in the 1993--94 Ranji Trophy; Noel David and Vivek Jaisimha scored double centuries. While Sridhar was batting, 850 runs were scored - the most runs added during a batsman\'s innings in first-class history. He was the secretary of MVSR Engineering College in Hyderabad.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
He studied at the All Saints High School and Osmania Medical College.
## Death
On 30 October 2017, Sridhar suffered a heart attack at his home. He was declared dead upon arrival at the hospital. He is survived by his wife, a son and a daughter
| 151 |
M. V. Sridhar
| 0 |
10,120,553 |
# Pelagio Galvani
**Pelagio Galvani** (c. 1165 -- 30 January 1230, Portuguese: *Paio Galvão* Latin: **Pelagius**) was a Leonese cardinal, and canon lawyer. He became a papal legate and leader of the Fifth Crusade.
Born at Guimarães, his early life is little known. It is repeatedly claimed that he entered the Order of Saint Benedict but this is not proven. Pope Innocent III created him cardinal-deacon of Santa Lucia in Septisolio around 1206. Later, he was promoted to the rank of cardinal-priest of S. Cecilia (probably on 2 April 1211), and finally opted for the suburbicarian see of Albano in the spring of 1213. He subscribed the papal bulls between 4 May 1207 and 26 January 1230. He was sent on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople in 1213. During this two-year mission he attempted to close Orthodox churches and imprison the clergy, but this caused such domestic upset that Henry of Flanders, the Latin Emperor of Constantinople, reversed his actions which had caused the \"tempest which held the city of Constantine in its grip\", as noted a contemporary historian. Three years later he was elected Latin Patriarch of Antioch but his election was not ratified by the Holy See. He was dispatched in 1218 by Pope Honorius III to lead the Fifth Crusade at Damietta in Egypt, and made a poor strategic decision in turning down favourable peace offers made by the sultan al-Kamil. During his absence, the see of Albano was administer by Thomas of Capua.
He became dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals at the election to the papacy of Cardinal Ugolino Conti, who became Pope Gregory IX, on 19 March 1227. He was one of the leaders of the papal army in 1229--1230 during the War of the Keys against the Emperor Frederick II. He died at Monte Cassino and was buried there
| 307 |
Pelagio Galvani
| 0 |
10,120,592 |
# George Sharp (cricketer)
**George Sharp** (born 12 March 1950) is an English former first-class cricketer and umpire. He was born at West Hartlepool, County Durham.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
Sharp spent 17 years at Northamptonshire and played more than 300 games, as a wicketkeeper batsman.
## Umpiring career {#umpiring_career}
Sharp umpired 15 Tests and 31 One Day Internationals. He umpired over 300 matches in First-class and List A cricket. Sharp continued to umpire matches in England until 2015, when he turned 65. ECB policy requires all umpires to retire when they reach this age, in order to allow younger umpires to gain employment. Sharp and fellow Northamptonshire team-mate and umpire Peter Willey challenged this decision at an employment tribunal, alleging age discrimination on the part of the ECB, but lost their case
| 133 |
George Sharp (cricketer)
| 0 |
10,120,595 |
# Pierre Camu
**Pierre Francis Camu**, `{{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC|CQ|MSRC}}`{=mediawiki} (March 19, 1923 -- September 5, 2023) was a Canadian geographer, civil servant, academic, and transport executive.
## Biography
Born in Montreal, Quebec, Camu received a Master of Arts degree in 1947 and a Ph.D. in Geography in 1951 from the Université de Montréal. From 1947 to 1949, he did his post-graduate studies at Johns Hopkins University. From 1949 to 1956, he worked with the geography branch of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys in Ottawa. From 1956 to 1960, he was a Professor of Economic Geography at Université Laval. In 1960, he became Vice-President of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority (now called Saint Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation) and was president from 1965 to 1973. From 1973 to 1977, he was president of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters. From 1977 to 1979, he was Chairman of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). From 1979 to 1984, he was president of March Shipping Company. From 1984 to 1988, he was a vice-president at Lavalin Inc. (now SNC Lavalin). From 1988 to 1992, he was Chairman of the Petroleum Monitoring Agency.
In 1966, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1976, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1998, he was made a Knight of the National Order of Quebec. In 1999, he was awarded the Camsell Medal by the Royal Canadian Geographical Society.
Camu died on September 5, 2023, at the age of 100
| 251 |
Pierre Camu
| 0 |
10,120,600 |
# Shirokanedai
`{{nihongo|'''Shirokanedai'''|白金台}}`{=mediawiki} is a district of Minato, Tokyo. The district today is made up of 5 *chome*. As of November 1, 2007, the population of Shirokanedai is 10,001.
The former neighborhood of Shirokanedai (Shirokanedaimachi, 白金台町) consisted only of very narrow area along Meguro-dori (Tokyo Prefectural Route 312) and the former imperial estate called Shirokane Goryochi. It was merged with nearby neighborhoods after the promulgation of the current addressing system in 1969.
## Overview
Located at the southwestern end of Minato, the neighborhood of Shirokanedai lies between Ebisu, Kamiōsaki and Higashigotanda on the west, Takanawa on the east, and Shirokane on the north. Shopping amenities and apartment buildings are densely spread along Meguro-dori, Gaien Nishi-dori and Sakurada-dori; however, most in Shirokanedai are quiet residential areas. Shirokanedai remains abundant in natural green space, for historically Shirokanedai-cho was home to the former imperial estate called Shirokane Goryochi (now the Institute for Nature Study and the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum are located) and several national institutions such as the former Institute of Public Health and the former Institute of Infectious Diseases (now the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo). Later, Shirokanedai came to be considered one of the most upmarket residential areas in Tokyo, and women resident there --- stereotypically wealthy, idle and fashion-conscious --- are jocularly referred to as *shiroganeeze* (シロガネーゼ), an imitation of Milanese for residents of Milan. The most famous street in this area is Gaien Nishi-dori, popularly known as `{{Nihongo|Platinum Street|プラチナ通り|Purachina-dori}}`{=mediawiki}, a sort of local equivalent of the prestigious Via Montenapoleone in Milan. The restaurants in this street are very popular for wedding ceremonies.
## Places
### Shirokanedai 1-chōme {#shirokanedai_1_chōme}
- Meiji Gakuin University
- Meiji Gakuin Senior High School
- Kakurin-ji, a Buddhist temple known as Seishōkō
-
- , a wedding venue with restaurants and large Japanese gardens, former residence of Fusanosuke Kuhara
### Shirokanedai 2-chōme {#shirokanedai_2_chōme}
- Takanawadai Station
- Hatakeyama Memorial Museum of Fine Art
- Shoei Girls\' Junior and Senior High School
### Shirokanedai 3-chōme {#shirokanedai_3_chōme}
- Myōen-ji
- Zuishō-ji
### Shirokanedai 4-chōme {#shirokanedai_4_chōme}
- Shirokanedai Station
- Embassy of the State of Eritrea in Japan
- , built in 1938 as National Institute of Public Health
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo
### Shirokanedai 5-chōme {#shirokanedai_5_chōme}
- Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan
- Embassy of the Republic of Zimbabwe in Japan
- The Institute for Nature Study, National Museum of Nature and Science, a nature preserve park
- Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum, former residence of Prince Asaka Yasuhiko
- Matsuoka Museum of Art
## Education
Minato City Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools.
Shirokanedai 1-3 chōme, 4-chōme 1-5 and 7-19-ban, and 5-chōme 13-25-ban are zoned to Shirokane Elementary School (白金小学校) and Takamatsu Junior High School (高松中学校). Shirokanedai 4-chōme 6-20-ban and 5-chōme 1-12-ban are zoned to Shirogane-no-oka Gakuen (白金の丘学園) for elementary and junior high school.
The Shoei Girls\' Junior and Senior High School, a private girls\' school, is in Shirokanedai
| 500 |
Shirokanedai
| 0 |
10,120,609 |
# Diloma aethiops
***Diloma aethiops***, whose common names include **scorched monodont**, **spotted black topshell**, and in the Māori language **pūpū**, **pūpū-mai**, or **māihi** is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, subfamily Monodontinae.
## Description
The size of the shell varies between 15 mm and 30 mm. The thick, solid, imperforate shell has a depressed conical shape. It is blackish, dotted upon the ribs with yellow or white. The conic spire is more or less depressed with an acute apex. The five whorls are spirally strongly ridged. The ridges are nodulous and number three on the penultimate whorl. The interstices are spirally striate. The body whorl is depressed, angulate at the periphery, and concentrically lirate below. The lirae are coarsely granulose, about 5 in number. The aperture is very oblique. The outer lip is edged with blackish, then nacreous, and lined with opaque white, the thickening slightly notched at the place of the periphery. The oblique columella is nearly straight, flat, opaque white and backed by nacreous.
Animal: The foot is yellow below, with a brown stripe round the contour, black on the sides, with touches of yellowish-white behind; filaments greenish; mouth yellowish.
## Distribution and Habitat {#distribution_and_habitat}
This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is common to abundant in rocky intertidal areas, where it is the only trochid found on open rock surfaces, in sheltered areas and semi-exposed coasts. In harbours or estuaries it often occurs with *D. subrostrata* on hard packed mud among empty bivalve shells
| 256 |
Diloma aethiops
| 0 |
10,120,617 |
# HMS Prince Regent (1814)
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``
| 21 |
HMS Prince Regent (1814)
| 0 |
10,120,631 |
# Stanton Fredericks
**Stanton \"Stiga\" Fredericks** (born 13 June 1978) is a South African former association football player who played as midfielder and has represented South Africa. Stanton retired from football in May 2013.
## Career
Fredericks previously had a loan spell at Supersport United. He also spent three seasons with FC Moscow, appearing in 13 Russian Premier League matches
| 60 |
Stanton Fredericks
| 0 |
10,120,661 |
# Larisa Mikhalchenko
**Larisa Mikhalchenko** (*Лариса Михальченко*; born 16 February 1963) is a Ukrainian former discus thrower. Her personal best throw is 70.80 metres, achieved in June 1988 in Kharkov. She was born in Lviv, Ukrainian SSR
| 37 |
Larisa Mikhalchenko
| 0 |
10,120,662 |
# Liepāja Special Economic Zone
The **Liepaja Special Economic Zone** (Latvian: *Liepājas SEZ*) is the only special economic zone in the Baltics consisting of a seaport, industrial area and international airport. Liepāja special economic zone was established in 1997 to develop port operations, cargo handling, logistics, manufacturing and air transportation. The goal of the Liepāja SEZ is to attract investments for the development of the port, manufacturing, and creating new working places.
## Operations
Companies with SEZ status operating in the free zone have the right to the following tax exemptions:
**Direct tax rebates**
- 80% rebate on the applicable corporate income tax
- 80% rebate on the applicable property tax
**Indirect tax reductions**
- 0% rate of the Value Added Tax (VAT), applicable for virtually all supplies and services
- excise tax and customs duty exemptions
The Liepāja SEZ covers approximately 30 sqkm which is almost 65% of the city\'s territory. The SEZ territory consists of:
- Port (3.7 sqkm land territory, 8.1 sqkm - port aquatorium). Industrial area of the town with a total area of 5.4 sqkm
- Liepāja International Airport with a total area of 2.5 sqkm
- Former military base Karosta with a total area of approximately 20 sqkm
There are various business and industrial parks (VOBP, Liepaja Business Center, Lauma, Karosta Industrial Park, etc.), providing production facilities for business companies within the Liepaja SEZ territory.
## Legislation
The Liepaja SEZ was established by the Special Economic Zone Law on the Liepaja Special Economic Zone. The Liepaja Special Economic Zone territorial borders are specified in the Appendix to the aforementioned law. The Liepaja SEZ is also subject to the law of Ports of Latvia.
## LSEZ company investments {#lsez_company_investments}
| 284 |
Liepāja Special Economic Zone
| 0 |
10,120,662 |
# Liepāja Special Economic Zone
## Achievements and recognitions {#achievements_and_recognitions}
In 2019, the fDi Magazine, which is the flagship publication for the fDi Intelligence portfolio, and a publication from the Financial Times, granted the below mentioned awards to the Liepaja Special Economic Zone Authority:
- Investment of 45 million euros in the port infrastructure by the Liepaja SEZ Authority for dredging deeper access channels, and building new access roads and railway parks. These are just a few recent large-scale port development projects implemented by the Liepaja Special Economic Zone Authority. The Liepaja Port is the fastest growing port in the Baltic Sea region. In the last two years, the Liepaja Port, thanks to the efforts of the stevedoring companies, has made an increase of its cargo turnover by more than ten per cent and has reached a record cargo turnover of 7,54 million tons. Regular ferry line departures between Liepaja and Travemünde in Germany make Liepaja port a gateway for new German car deliveries to the Baltic states. The port stevedoring companies are building new warehouses, open storage areas and are able to provide multimodal logistics solutions, all of which have served as substantial background to award the Liepaja SEZ Authority with a certificate for Port Development.
- The Liepaja Special Economic Zone is commended also for infrastructure upgrades. Currently, there are five active business parks operating in the Liepaja SEZ, offering almost 400,000 sqm of production facilities. In 2019, the Liepaja SEZ received a 25 million EUR investment in port infrastructure. The investment was aimed at dredging the port waterway access canal and for the inner port to reach the depth of 14 m, thereby servicing the Panamax type vessels. The investment also allows for the construction of a new berth to service the Panamax vessels, and implementing the breakwater repairs. Furthermore, efforts by stevedore and logistic companies that have ranked the Liepaja SEZ Authority among the specialism winners for Logistics include:
- LSEZ SIA Duna having increased its warehouse area up to 8700 sqm
- LSEZ SIA, Mols L having increased its warehouse area up to 12000 sqm
- LSEZ SIA DanStore having increased its warehouse area up to 27000 sqm
- LSEZ SIA Baltex Bulk having increased its warehouse area up to 18000 sqm
- Liepaja International Airport\'s integration with Liepaja Special Economic Zone, facilitating daily flights operated by airBaltic airlines. (In connection with the airport\'s runway renovation and upcoming technical training program, the air-Baltic Pilot Academy has decided to open a new flight base and aircraft maintenance center in the coming years to service Boeing aircraft. This is a result of complex and continuous efforts to attract long-term strategic partners for sustainable development of the airport of Liepaja, which has resulted in the specialism award by the fDI Magazine to the Liepaja SEZ Authority in Aviation.)
- The Liepaja SEZ Authority having developed a number of attractive employment programs, facilitating Liepaja SEZ tenants to engage skillful specialists and professionals. (For instance, the programs consist of a website vacancy promotion, promoting manufacturing companies to students (including site visits), as well as, the Latvian expats attraction program.) This has also been assessed and commended by the fDI Magazine for Workforce Amenities
| 533 |
Liepāja Special Economic Zone
| 1 |
10,120,696 |
# HMS Lichfield
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name **HMS *Lichfield***, after the town of Lichfield in Staffordshire.
- was a 20-gun fireship, originally the Royalist ship *Patrick*. She was captured in 1658 by the Parliamentarians and renamed. She was renamed *Happy Entrance* in 1665. Her fate is unknown.
- was a 48-gun fourth rate launched in 1695, rebuilt in 1730 and broken up in 1744.
- was a 50-gun fourth rate launched in 1746 and wrecked on the north African coast in 1758.
There was also `{{HMS|Lichfield Prize}}`{=mediawiki}, a 36-gun fifth rate captured from the French in 1703 and sold in 1706
| 107 |
HMS Lichfield
| 0 |
10,120,698 |
# Yamazaki Station (Kyoto)
is a passenger railway station in the town of Ōyamazaki, Otokuni District, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).
## Lines
Yamazaki Station is served by the Tōkaidō Main Line (JR Kyōto Line), and lies 14.1 km from the starting point of the line at `{{STN|Kyoto|x}}`{=mediawiki} and 527.7 kilometers from `{{STN|Tokyo|x}}`{=mediawiki}. Only local trains stop at this station.
## Layout
The station has two island platforms serving four tracks (compatible with 12-car trains) and one outbound siding track. The outer track side of each platform is closed to permit the passing of express trains. Since the platform is on a slope, the station building is located below the platform. The station is staffed.
### Platforms
## History
Yamazaki Station opened on 9 August 1876.
Station numbering was introduced to the station in March 2018 with Yamazaki being assigned station number JR-A36. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR West.
## Passenger statistics {#passenger_statistics}
According to the Kyoto Prefecture statistical book, the station was used by 5,941 passengers per day
| 191 |
Yamazaki Station (Kyoto)
| 0 |
10,120,730 |
# John Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort
**John Joshua Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort**, KP, PC, PC (Ire), FRS (12 August 1751 -- 7 April 1828) was a British judge, diplomat, Whig politician and poet.
## Background and education {#background_and_education}
Carysfort was the son of John Proby, 1st Baron Carysfort, and the Hon. Elizabeth, daughter of Joshua Allen, 2nd Viscount Allen. He was educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge.
## Political and judicial career {#political_and_judicial_career}
Carysfort succeeded his father as second Baron in 1772. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1779 and made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick in 1784. In 1789 he was admitted to the Irish Privy Council, created **Earl of Carysfort** in the Peerage of Ireland and appointed Joint Master of the Rolls in Ireland, which he remained until 1801. The office was then generally regarded as a sinecure. In February 1790 he was returned to the House of Commons for East Looe, a seat he held until June the same year, and then represented Stamford until 1801. He was also Envoy to Berlin between 1800 and 1802. On 18 February 1793, he was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Northamptonshire.
In 1801 he was created **Baron Carysfort**, of the Hundred of Norman Cross in the County of Huntingdon, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, which gave him a seat in the British House of Lords. He served as a Commissioner of the Board of Control and as Joint Postmaster General under Lord Grenville from 1806 to 1807 and was sworn of the British Privy Council in 1806.
In 1810 Carysfort published *Dramatic and Narrative Poems*.
## Family
Lord Carysfort lived at Elton Hall, Huntingdonshire, which he inherited from his father. He married, firstly, Elizabeth Osbourne, daughter of Sir William Osborne, 8th Baronet, in 1774. They had three sons and one daughter. After Elizabeth\'s early death in 1783 he married, secondly, Elizabeth Grenville, daughter of Prime Minister George Grenville, in 1787. They had three daughters. Lord Carysfort died in April 1828, aged 76, and was predeceased by his eldest son, William, being succeeded in his titles by his second but eldest surviving son John. Lady Carysfort died in December 1842, aged 86
| 374 |
John Proby, 1st Earl of Carysfort
| 0 |
10,120,741 |
# Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum
The `{{Nihongo|'''Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum'''|東京都庭園美術館|Tōkyō-to Teien Bijutsukan}}`{=mediawiki} is an art museum in Shirokanedai in Tokyo, Japan.
The museum is located in Minato ward, just east of Meguro Station. The Art Deco building, completed in 1933, has interiors designed by Henri Rapin and features decorative glass work by René Lalique.
## History
The Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum building was previously the residence of Prince Asaka Yasuhiko and his family from 1933 to 1947. The prince, who studied at the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr in France, and travelled to the United States in 1925, was greatly enamoured of the Art Deco movement. On his return to Japan he commissioned the construction of his own private residence in this style. Although many of the interiors were designed according to plans submitted by Henri Rapin, the main architect of the building itself is credited as Gondo Yukichi of the Works Bureau of the Imperial Household Ministry.
After World War II the building served as the official residence of the Prime Minister (1947--50), and as a State Guest House (1950--74). The residence was first opened to the public as a museum in 1983. It is one of Japan\'s many museums which are supported by a prefectural government. *Teien* means Japanese garden, and the museum is so named because the building is surrounded by a garden and sculptures.
## Current facilities {#current_facilities}
After undergoing extensive renovation in 2013, the museum was re-opened in November 2014. The new museum annex, designed in collaboration with Hiroshi Sugimoto includes modern exhibition spaces, a café and museum shop.
## Gallery
<File:Prince> Asaka residence.jpg\|Prince Asaka Residence <File:Teien> Museum Garden.jpg\|Teien Museum from Garden <File:Teien> Annex.jpg\|Teien Museum Annex (completed 2014) <File:Tokyo_Metropolitan_Museum_entrance.jpg%7CMuseum> Entrance Winter Garden in Tokyo Metropolotan Teien Art Museum.jpg\|Winter garden on the rooftop Ceiling illumination made of staind glass ceiling in the Tokyo Metropolotan Teien Art Museum.jpg\|The illumination made of stained glass Private Dining Room in the Tokyo Metropolotan Teien Art Museum.jpg\|This room was used for the Asakanomiya family\'s daily meals. A lighting fixture of René Lalique in the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum.jpg\|A lighting fixture of René Lalique in the great dining room A lighting fixture of René Lalique in the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum2.jpg\|A lighting fixture of René Lalique in the great dining room The figure of penguins in the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum.jpg\|Ornament of pottery in around 1920 of Danish Royal Copenhagen which was modeled on the penguin put in the room Great Dining Hall in the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum.jpg\| A great dining room The porcelain fountain in the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum
| 438 |
Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum
| 0 |
10,120,750 |
# Zuzana Hlavoňová
**Zuzana Hlavoňová** (née **Kováčiková** `{{IPA|cs|ˈzuzana ˈɦlavoɲovaː ˈkovaːtʃɪkovaː}}`{=mediawiki}), born 16 April 1973) is a Czech Republic former high jumper. Born in Šaľa, Czechoslovakia, she competed at three Olympic Games, and won silver medals at the 1999 World Indoor Championships and the 2000 European Indoor Championships. Her personal best jump is 2.00 metres, achieved in June 2000 in Prague.
## Achievements
Representing `{{TCH}}`{=mediawiki}
------------------------------------
1992
Representing `{{CZE}}`{=mediawiki}
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2004
**Notes:**
- \(q\) indicates overall position in qualifying round
- \(#\) indicates height achieved in qualifying round. Only shown if superior to height reached in final
| 102 |
Zuzana Hlavoňová
| 0 |
10,120,805 |
# Roy O. Woodruff
**Roy Orchard Woodruff** (March 14, 1876 -- February 12, 1953) was a politician and soldier from the U.S. state of Michigan.
Woodruff was born of English and Scottish ancestry to Charles Woodruff and Electa A. (Wallace) Woodruff in Eaton Rapids, Michigan. He attended the common schools and the high school of Eaton Rapids, and apprenticed to the printing business from 1891 to 1899. He enlisted as a corporal in Company G, Thirty-third Regiment, Michigan Volunteer Infantry, during the Spanish--American War. He saw active service and was mustered out.
Woodruff graduated from the dental department of the Detroit College of Medicine in 1902 and practiced dentistry in Bay City from 1902 to 1911. On 26 April 1905 he married Vera May Hall, the daughter of Michigan Republican State Central Committee member De Vere Hall. He was mayor of Bay City from 1911 to 1913.
In 1912, Woodruff defeated incumbent Republican U.S. Representative George A. Loud to be elected as the candidate of the Progressive Party from Michigan\'s 10th congressional district to the 63rd Congress, serving from March 4, 1913, to March 3, 1915. Woodruff and William J. MacDonald (12th district) were the only two Michiganders elected to the U.S. House from the Progressive Party. He was not a candidate for re-nomination in 1914 and served for two years in the First World War as an Infantry officer, acquiring the rank of major during his service in France.
In 1920, Woodruff returned to Congress, elected as a Republican from the same district to the 67th Congress. He was subsequently re-elected to the fifteen succeeding Congresses, serving from March 4, 1921, to January 3, 1953. On June 11, 1921, just three months after returning to office, he married his second wife Daisy E. Fish. He was re-elected unopposed in 1922 and 1926 and was alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Michigan in 1940. He was not a candidate for re-nomination in 1952 to the 83rd Congress.
Roy O. Woodruff was a Baptist, later Presbyterian and a member of the American Dental Association, American Legion, United Spanish War Veterans, Freemasons, Elks, and Odd Fellows. He died in Washington, D.C., a little over a month after leaving office and a month before his seventy-seventh birthday. He is interred in Elm Lawn Cemetery of Bay City
| 385 |
Roy O. Woodruff
| 0 |
10,120,812 |
# Karel Poma
**Karel Emiel Hubert, Baron Poma** (14 March 1920 -- 27 December 2014) was a Belgian liberal and politician for the PVV.
He was a son of Carolus Poma, who was a lieutenant of the Antwerp fire brigade, and subsequently council member (1946--1958) and mayor (1953--1958) of the town Wilrijk. He was married to Juliana Walgraeve, and together they had two children; a son Peter (b. 1950) and a daughter Kathleen (b. 1954).
## Education
Poma went to high school at the Royal Athenaeum of Antwerp, where he graduated in *Latin-Sciences* (1938). In 1943, he obtained a Licentiate in Sciences at the University of Ghent (Ghent, Belgium). In 1946, he obtained a PhD degree in science from the same university. He graduated as a bacteriologist at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) in 1946. During World War II, he was active in the resistance against the Nazi occupation of Belgium, for which he was honored after the war.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
Poma started his professional career in 1945 at the Antwerp Water Works (AWW) and became head of the laboratory of the AWW. He left the AWW in 1971, to be able to dedicate himself entirely to his political mandate. He was part-time docent environmental hygiene, for engineers and graduates of health care (physicians and nursing staff) at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (1979--1990).
## Political career {#political_career}
From 1965 to 1985, Poma was a member of the Belgian parliament for the liberal party PVV. From 1965 to 1971 and 1981 to 1985, he was a senator. From 1971 to 1981, he was a member of parliament. From 1977 to 1981, he was floor leader for the PVV in the Culture Council and, from 1980 to 1981, of the Flemish Council.
Poma was twice a member of the executive:
- From 1974 to 1977 he was a secretary of state for the environment in the first government led by Leo Tindemans.
- From 1981 to 1985 Poma was a member of the Flemish Executive as its vice-chairman and minister for culture, media, sport, youth and research and development.
From 1976 to 1982, he was a member of the village council of Wilrijk; and 1982 to 1988, a member of the city council of Antwerp (Wilrijk became a part of Antwerp in 1982). In 1968 and from 1973 to 1974, he was president of the Liberaal Vlaams Verbond (LVV).
## Honours
- Knighted by King Albert II
- 8 July 2005: created baron by royal decree
| 417 |
Karel Poma
| 0 |
10,120,820 |
# Alexandre Péclier
**Alexandre Péclier** is a French rugby union player who currently plays for the French club of CS Bourgoin-Jallieu. He earned his first cap for the France national team on July 3, 2004 against the United States. He has won the European Shield in 1997 with Bourgoin, where he played during 10 seasons
| 55 |
Alexandre Péclier
| 0 |
10,120,821 |
# Thomas Blezard
**Thomas Blezard** (November 24, 1838 -- April 19, 1902) was an Ontario political figure.
## Early life and career {#early_life_and_career}
Blezard was born in Otonabee Township, Peterborough County, Upper Canada in 1838.
He represented Peterborough East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal member from 1879 to 1902.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
In 1865, he married Mary Meikle. He served on the township council for nine years and the county council for five years.
## Legacy
The Blezard Valley neighbourhood in Sudbury was named after him
| 91 |
Thomas Blezard
| 0 |
10,120,827 |
# Baron Waltham
**Baron Waltham**, of Philipstown in the King\'s County, was a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1762 for John Olmius, previously Member of Parliament for Weymouth and Melcombe Regis and Colchester. His son, the second Baron, represented Maldon in the House of Commons. However, he was childless and on his death in 1787 the barony became extinct. The Honourable Elizabeth Olmius, only daughter of the first Baron, married John Luttrell, later third Earl of Carhampton. In 1787 he assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Olmius as a mark of respect for his father-in-law. However, the earldom and its subsidiary titles became extinct on his death in 1829.
The family seat was New Hall, near Boreham, Essex
| 125 |
Baron Waltham
| 0 |
10,120,842 |
# Fred Basolo
**Fred Basolo** (11 February 1920 -- 27 February 2007) was an American inorganic chemist. He received his Ph.D. at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1943, under Prof. John C. Bailar, Jr. Basolo spent his professional career at Northwestern University. He was a prolific contributor to the fields of coordination chemistry, organometallic, and bioinorganic chemistry, publishing over 400 papers. He supervised many Ph.D. students. With colleague Ralph Pearson, he co-authored the influential monograph \"Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions\", which illuminated the importance of mechanisms involving coordination compounds. This work, which integrated concepts from ligand field theory and physical organic chemistry, signaled a shift from a highly descriptive nature of coordination chemistry to a more quantitative science.
## Biography
Giovanni Basolo and Catherina Morena Basolo immigrated from the Piedmont area of Italy to Illinois. They had three children there; the youngest was Alfredo Basolo (he began calling himself \"Fred\" when he entered elementary school). He was educated in the local public schools, then entered Southern Illinois Normal School (now Southern Illinois University, receiving his B.Ed. in 1940. He transferred to University of Illinois for graduate school, receiving his M.Ch in 1942 and his Ph.D. in Chemistry in 1943. He spent the remaining World War II years performing vital research at Rohm & Haas. In Fall 1946 he accepted a position as Instructor of Chemistry at Northwestern University at Evanston, Illinois. He tutored a first-year chemistry student, Mary Nutely that year. She ended up failing her chemistry class, but they were married on 14 June 1947. They eventually had four children (three daughters and a son, all of whom became educators as adults). The Basolo family spent 1954-55 in Europe thanks to a Guggenheim Grant. Basolo worked in the laboratory of Danish chemist Jannik Bjerrum; they were also able to tour several countries, including Italy, where they met his parents\' relatives. Basolo advanced steadily through the academic ranks at NU: Instructor (1946--50); Assistant Professor (1950--55); Associated Professor (1955--58); Professor (1958--79); Distinguished Professor (1980-1990). He chaired the Chemistry Department from 1969 to 1972.
In 1997 he and his wife were in an automobile accident. She succumbed to her injuries on 5 February 1997; he had several surgeries to repair his back, but lost the use of his legs. For the last ten years of his life he used a motorized wheelchair for mobility. He died at the Midwest Palliative and Hospice Care Center in Skokie, Illinois of congestive heart failure.
## Publications
Among the many topics on which Basolo published were the indenyl effect, the reaction of coordinated ligands, and synthetic models for myoglobin.
His autobiography, *From Coello to Inorganic Chemistry: A Lifetime of Reactions*, was published in 2002.
## Honors and awards {#honors_and_awards}
A member of the National Academy of Sciences, Basolo was awarded the George Pimentel Award in Chemical Education.
- 1983 President of the American Chemical Society.
- 1983 The same year, he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
- 1992 Chemical Pioneer Award from the American Institute of Chemists
- 1993 American Institute of Chemists Gold Medal
| 517 |
Fred Basolo
| 0 |
10,120,847 |
# David Kannemeyer
**David Kannemeyer** (born 8 July 1977) is a South African former professional soccer player who played as a left back. He played for Cape Town Spurs, Ajax Cape Town, Kaizer Chiefs, Mamelodi Sundowns, SuperSport United and Mpumalanga Black Aces, and he also played for the South Africa national team.
## Club career {#club_career}
Kannemeyer was a founding member of Ajax Cape Town when Cape Town Spurs and Seven Stars amalgamated in 1999. In 2001, he moved to Kaizer Chiefs for R700 000
| 85 |
David Kannemeyer
| 0 |
10,120,848 |
# Lewis Sperry
**Lewis Sperry** (January 23, 1848 -- June 22, 1922) was a United States representative from Connecticut. He was born at East Windsor Hill, South Windsor, Connecticut. He attended the district school and Monson Academy, Monson, Massachusetts and was graduated from Amherst College, Massachusetts in 1873. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in March 1875 and commenced practice in Hartford, Connecticut.
Sperry was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1876. Later, he was elected as a Democrat to the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1891 - March 3, 1895). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1894 to the Fifty-fourth Congress. After Congress, he again resumed the practice of his profession in Hartford, Connecticut. He died at East Windsor Hill, town of South Windsor, Connecticut in 1922 and was buried in South Windsor Cemetery
| 144 |
Lewis Sperry
| 0 |
10,120,881 |
# Malaysia Federal Route 109
**Federal Route 109**, or **Jalan Sungai Perak Kanan** or **Jalan Sungai Manik**, is a federal road in Perak, Malaysia. It is also a main route to Pasir Salak Historical Complex in Pasir Salak.
The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 109 is located at Bota Kanan, at its junction with the Federal Route 5, the main trunk road of the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
## Features
At most sections, the Federal Route 109 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, with a speed limit of 90 km/h.
## List of junctions and town {#list_of_junctions_and_town}
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| Km | Exit | Junctions | To | Remarks |
+=============================================+======+==============================+===========================================================================================================================+=============+
| \ | | **Bota**\ | **North**\ | Junctions |
| **0** | | Bota Kanan | `{{JKR(A)|17}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Parit**\ | |
| | | | Parit\ | |
| | | | \ | |
| | | | \ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} **Ipoh--Lumut Highway**\ | |
| | | | \ | |
| | | | **West**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} **Sultan Idris Shah II Bridge**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Bota Kiri\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Ayer Tawar\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Sitiawan\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|100}}`{=mediawiki} Lumut\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|100}}`{=mediawiki} Pangkor Island\ | |
| | | | \ | |
| | | | **East**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Bandar Seri Iskandar\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Teronoh\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR|5}}`{=mediawiki} Ipoh | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Kubang Chandong | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Ayer Mati | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Teluk Bakong | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Tua | Kampung Tanjung | T-junctions |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Lambor Kanan | **West**\ | T-junctions |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Bota Kiri**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} **Lambor Bridge**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} Lambor Kiri\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki}Bota Kiri\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} Pasir Salak | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Tanjung Perdayong | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Teluk Sareh | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Melayu | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Pulau Tiga Kanan | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Geronggong | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Bandar Lama | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Tengah | **West**\ | T-junctions |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|---}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Dato\' Sagor**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|---}}`{=mediawiki} **Dato\' Sagor Bridge**\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} Pasir Salak\ | |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|18}}`{=mediawiki} Pasir Salak Historical Complex | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Kota | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | **Kampung Gajah** | **Northeast**\ | T-junctions |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|15}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Tanjung Tualang**\ | |
| | | | Tanjung Tualang\ | |
| | | | Mambang Di Awan\ | |
| | | | Malim Nawar\ | |
| | | | Batu Gajah | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Telok | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Alah | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Batu Hampar | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Pasir Panjang | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Pulau Besar | Kampung Kuala Kinta | T-junctions |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Pasir Pulai | The site of British fort\ | T-junctions |
| | | | Grave of J.W.W. Birch\ | |
| | | | *(first British resident in Perak)* | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | **Sungai Terus bridge** | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Parit Besar | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Jong Buruk | Kampung Pasir Segunchang | T-junctions |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| **Sungai Kinta bridge\ | | | | |
| Jambatan Laxamana\ | | | | |
| Perak Tengah--Hilir Perak district border** | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Permatang Pelandok | Kampung Labu Kubong | T-junctions |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Jalan Labu Kubong | **East**\ | T-junctions |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|16}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Labu Kubong**\ | |
| | | | Tapah\ | |
| | | | Langkap | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Sungai Tungku | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Jalan Chikus | **Northeast**\ | T-junctions |
| | | | `{{JKR(A)|122}}`{=mediawiki} **Jalan Chikus**\ | |
| | | | Chikus\ | |
| | | | Tapah\ | |
| | | | Sungai Kerawai Halt\ | |
| | | | *(The site of the first train crash in Malaya in 1888)* | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Sungai Manik | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Kampung Seberang | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | **Railway crossing bridge** | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | Taman Melor | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| | | **Sungai Bidor bridge**\ | | |
| | | **Jambatan Ahmad Siffuddin** | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| \ | | Taman Desa Laksamana | | |
| **53** | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------+
| 53
| 903 |
Malaysia Federal Route 109
| 0 |
10,120,884 |
# Barry Dickins
**Barry Dickins** (born 6 November 1949) is a prolific Australian playwright, author, artist, actor, educator and journalist, probably best known for his historical dramas and his reminiscences about growing up and living in working class Melbourne. His most well-known work is the award-winning stage play *Remember Ronald Ryan*, a dramatization of the life and death of Ronald Ryan, the last man executed in Australia. He has also written dramas and comedies about other controversial figures such as poet Sylvia Plath, opera singer Joan Sutherland, criminal Squizzy Taylor, actor Frank Thring, playwright Oscar Wilde and artist Brett Whiteley.
Dickins primarily writes for Australia\'s independent theatre scene, frequently collaborating with La Mama Theatre, Malthouse Theatre, The Pram Factory, Griffin Theatre Company, fortyfivedownstairs and St Martin Youth Theatre.
## Biography
Dickins was born in the Melbourne suburb of Reservoir. Leaving school early he worked for five years in a factory in North Melbourne, and then as a set-painter for television programs being produced at Channel 7. Through his association with La Mama Theatre, his first play, a translation of Ibsen\'s *Ghosts*, was performed in 1974. He has written a further 50 since then, along with numerous short stories, biographies, opinion pieces, essays and children\'s books. His play *[Remember Ronald Ryan](https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/30768544)* won the 1995 Victorian Premier\'s Literary Award. He had a long career as an educator, spending 41 years teaching English and creative writing at various schools in Melbourne (including Scotch College, Melbourne Grammar and West Preston Primary School). His experiences in the classroom served as the basis for his 2013 memoirs, *Lessons in Humility: 40 years of teaching*.
Dickins has made numerous appearances on the stage and on the screen. His first acting role was in Barry Oakley\'s *The Ship\'s Whistles*, which was staged in 1978 at the Pram Factory Front Theatre, under the direction of Paul Hampton. Since then he has appeared in: Paul Cox\'s *Man of Flowers* (1983); James Clayden\'s *With Time to Kill* (1987); Brian McKenzie\'s *With Love to the Person Next to Me* (1987); Paul Cox\'s *The Gift* (1988; Paul Cox\'s *Golden Braid* (1990) (which Dickins also co-wrote); Brian McKenzie\'s *People Who Still Use Milk Bottles* (1990); Frank Howson\'s *Flynn* (1993); and Elise McCredie\'s *Strange Fits of Passion* (1999). He also had guest roles on the television shows *Winners* (1985) and *Wedlocked* (1995) In 1985, he appeared in a revival of Graeme Blundell\'s *Balmain Boys Don\'t Cry* (renamed *The Balmain Boys*) at the Kinsela\'s Cabaret Theatre in Darlinghurst, New South Wales. His most recent stage performance was a dramatic reading of the monologue *Ryan* (a continuation of his earlier work *Remember Ronald Ryan*), which was performed as part of a QandA event held at Melbourne based bookshop, Collected Works.
In 2009, he published his memoirs *[Unparalleled Sorrow](https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/28571480?q&versionId=44566586+178993073)*, which discusses his career and his battle with depression.
2015 saw the publication by Black Pepper publishing of *A Line Drawing of My Father*, a memoir of the author\'s father Len Dickins, who served in the Second World War and was a commercial printer thereafter. It also gives a portrait of the working class northern suburbs of Melbourne.
In 2015, Dickins became a Writer-in-Residence and Creative Writing lecturer at Victoria University in Footscray, Melbourne. He held the position for less than 12 months, before being unexpectedly let go by the campus coordinators during the Christmas break.
In June 2017 Dickins was found guilty of making a false police report after claiming officers had conducted an improper strip search upon him. The Magistrate remarked of Dickins\' report, \"for reasons which I truly cannot fathom, Mr Dickins invented a set of facts, which were not true and, in my view, he knew them not to be true\". For this Dickins was placed on a 12-month good behaviour bond with no conviction recorded. His then employer, The Sunday Age, was later found to have breached Australian Press Council principles in light of their publication of Dickins\' account of the alleged police misconduct
| 660 |
Barry Dickins
| 0 |
10,120,922 |
# Japan Radio Company
is a Japanese company specialising in the field of wireless electronics for the communications industry.
## History
Established in 1915, the company has produced a wide variety of products including marine electronics, measuring equipment for telecommunication, radio broadcasting equipment, and amateur radio equipment, including the JST-145dx/JST-245dx HF transceivers, which were the last amateur radio transceivers produced by JRC, ending in 2002
| 65 |
Japan Radio Company
| 0 |
10,120,946 |
# Karachi Cantonment
The **Karachi Cantonment** (*کراچی چھاؤنی*) is a cantonment town of the city of Karachi, in Sindh, Pakistan.
## History
It serves as a Pakistan Army military base and residential establishment. It was originally established by the British in August 1839 as a military base for the British Army, and was taken over by the Pakistan Army in 1947. The cantonment maintains sewerage, sanitation, roads, buildings control, transfer of immoveable properties, death, birth and marriage record of the respective area.
## Demographics
Census Population
-------- ------------
1981 27,430
1998 58,088
2017 68,422
2023 86,338
## Railway Station {#railway_station}
The biggest and busiest railway station of Pakistan, Karachi Cantonment railway station, is also located here.
## Dumlottee Wells {#dumlottee_wells}
Wells were dug and built near the river at Dumlottee in 1881, which supplied five million gallons of water to Karachi Cantonment every day. Dumlottee wells were designed and built by British engineers Temple and Currie in 1882.
## Boundaries
- North: Garden Area
- South: Karachi Cantonment railway station
- East: FTC Bridge
- West: Arts Council of Pakistan, Sindh Assembly Building
## Landmarks
- Karachi Cantonment Railway Station
- Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road
- Shara-e-Faisal
- Finance and Trade Centre
- Fleet Club
- Services Club
- St
| 210 |
Karachi Cantonment
| 0 |
10,120,949 |
# County Durham (UK Parliament constituency)
**Durham** or **County Durham** was a county constituency in northern England, which elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1675 until 1832.
## History
The constituency consisted of the whole county of Durham (including the enclaves of Norhamshire, Islandshire and Bedlington, all situated within the boundaries of Northumberland and now part of that county, and of Crayke, now in North Yorkshire).
Because of its semi-autonomous status as a county palatine, Durham had not been represented in Parliament during the medieval period; from 1543 it was the only part of England which elected no MPs. In 1621, Parliament passed a bill to enfranchise the county, but James I refused it the royal assent, as he considered that the House of Commons already had too many members and that some decayed boroughs should be abolished first; a similar bill in 1624 failed to pass the House of Lords. During the Commonwealth, County Durham was allowed to send members to the First and Second Parliaments of the Protectorate, though the privilege was not maintained when Parliament reverted to its earlier electoral arrangements from 1658. After the Restoration, Durham\'s right to return MPs was recognised in 1661, and finally confirmed by the Durham (Representation of) Act 1672 (25 Cha. 2. c. 9); however, it did not come into effect until 1675 when the Speaker was authorised to issue his warrant. The county returned two members, and the same act also established Durham City as a parliamentary borough with its own two members.
As in other county constituencies, until 1832 the franchise was defined by the Forty Shilling Freeholder Act 1430, which gave the right to vote to every man who possessed freehold property within the county valued at £2 or more per year for the purposes of land tax; it was not necessary for the freeholder to occupy his land, nor even in later years to be resident in the county at all.
By the time of the Reform Act 1832, the county had a population of just over 250,000, although this was slightly reduced by the boundary changes which severed the enclaves and made them part of Northumberland or the North Riding of Yorkshire for parliamentary purposes. The electorate was only a fraction of this number: at the general election of 1790, 5,578 voted, and in 1820 the number was only 3,741. Although nobody could exert the degree of control over the voters that was common in many boroughs, several of the major local landowners had significant influence, in particular the Vane Earls of Darlington.
In 1832 the county\'s representation was doubled, and the constituency divided into two new two-member constituencies, North Durham and South Durham.
## Members of Parliament {#members_of_parliament}
Election First member First party Second member Second party
------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ------------------- -- -------------------------------- -------------------
1654 George Lilburne Robert Lilburne
1656 Thomas Lilburne James Clavering, Bt
June 1675 John Tempest Royalist Thomas Vane
October 1675 Christopher Vane
February 1679 Anti-exclusionist Sir Robert Eden, Bt Anti-exclusionist
August 1679 William Bowes Unclear Thomas Fetherstonhalgh
1681
1685 Robert Byerley Tory William Lambton Tory
1689
1690 Sir Robert Eden, Bt Tory
1695 Sir William Bowes Unclear
1698 Sir Robert Eden, Bt Country/Tory Lionel Vane Unclear
1701 (Jan) William Lambton Tory
1701 (Nov) Whig
1702 Sir Robert Eden, Bt Tory Sir William Bowes Unclear
1705
1707 John Tempest Tory
1708 William Vane, of West Auckland Whig
1710 William Lambton Tory
1713 Sir John Eden Tory John Hedworth Independent Whig
1715
1722
1727 George Bowes Whig
1734
1741
1747 Patriot Whig Hon. Henry Vane Whig
1753 by-election Hon. Henry Vane Whig
1754
1758 by-election Captain the Hon. Raby Vane
1760 by-election Robert Shafto Tory (probable)
1761 Hon. Frederick Vane
1768 Sir Thomas Clavering, Bt Whig
1774 Sir John Eden, Bt Whig
1780
1784
1790 Rowland Burdon Tory Captain Ralph Milbanke Whig
1796
1802
1806 Sir Thomas Liddell, Bt Tory
1807 Sir Henry Vane-Tempest, Bt Tory
1812 Viscount Barnard Whig
1813 by-election John George Lambton Radical
1815 by-election Hon. William Powlett Whig
1818
1820
1826
1828 by-election William Russell Whig
1830
1831 Sir Hedworth Williamson, Bt Whig
1832 *Constituency divided
| 693 |
County Durham (UK Parliament constituency)
| 0 |
10,120,994 |
# Guillaume Boussès
**Guillaume Boussès** (born 12 October 1981) is a French rugby union player who currently plays for Racing Metro 92 after signing from Stade Français. He earned his first and last cap for the France national team on 5 February 2006 against Scotland
| 45 |
Guillaume Boussès
| 0 |
10,121,000 |
# Clifton Cantonment
The **Clifton Cantonment** (*کلفٹن چھاؤنی}}*) is a cantonment town within the city of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
It serves as a military base and residential establishment. It was established by the British Indian Army during 19th century British India, and was taken over by the Pakistan Army in 1947. The cantonment maintains its own infrastructure of water supply and electricity, and is outside of the jurisdiction of the Karachi Metropolitan Corporation. *Cantonment Board Clifton* provides municipal services
| 79 |
Clifton Cantonment
| 0 |
10,121,011 |
# André Bureau
**André Bureau**, `{{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC|OQ}}`{=mediawiki} (October 10, 1935 -- April 12, 2019) was a Canadian lawyer and communications executive.
Born in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, he received an LL.B. from Université Laval in 1958 and a D.E.A. from the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne in 1960. He was called to the Quebec Bar in 1959.
From 1968 to 1972, he was an Executive Vice-President at *La Presse*, one of Quebec\'s largest French-language daily newspapers. He returned to practicing law from 1973 to 1976 before being appointed Executive Vice-President at Télémédia Communications Ltée in 1976. He was president from 1980 to 1981 and president of Telemedia Ventures from 1981 to 1982. From 1982 to 1983, he was president and CEO of Canadian Satellite Communications Inc. From 1983 to 1989, he was Chairman of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). He then became President and CEO of Astral Inc and president of Astral Broadcasting Group Inc. In 1989, he practiced with Heenan Blaikie as counsel.
In 1993, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1992, he was made a Knight of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. In 2004, he was inducted into the Canadian Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame. In 2012, he was made an Officer of the National Order of Quebec. Bureau died on April 12, 2019
| 223 |
André Bureau
| 0 |
10,121,012 |
# Metacomic
**Metacomic** is a metafictional comics style in which the characters realize that they are living in a comic. In a metacomic, the characters are able to take advantage of the comic\'s structure to progress in the storyline. In brief, a metacomic is a comic about a comic.
## Elements
- Using the comic structure as an advantage (making the characters travel across comic panels, interact with speech balloons and other panels, or using the characters\' speech as a \"real\", solid object).
- Drawing the author themselves into the comic to act as a character and interact with other characters.
- Using direct help from the author (the author\'s \"hand\" might appear to the comic and draw a helpful object, delete enemies with an eraser, or touch/move the characters).
## Examples
- *Krazy Kat* by George Herriman
- *`{{Interlanguage link|L'Origine|fr}}`{=mediawiki}* by `{{Interlanguage link|Marc-Antoine Mathieu|fr}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Understanding Comics* by Scott McCloud
- *Fight Club 2* by Chuck Palahniuk
- *Opus* by Satoshi Kon
- Deadpool in Marvel Comics
- The author of and characters from the webcomic *Sinfest*
- The creators of the graphic novel *Logicomix*
- *[Imbattable](https://www.dupuis
| 188 |
Metacomic
| 0 |
10,121,015 |
# Malir Cantonment
The **Malir Cantonment** (*ملیر چھاؤنی*) is a cantonment town of the city of Karachi, in Sindh, Pakistan. It serves as a military base and residential establishment.
## History
Declared a cantonment by the Royal British Government as POW Camp by Muhammad Irfan Malik and Ismail Sherwani on 11 October 1941, in the exigencies of World War II, this cantonment was taken over by the Pakistan Army in 1947. This cantonment serves as the main cantonment of Southern areas of Sindh province. It houses civil residences like the *Cantonment Bazar Area*, DOHS l & 2, Askari-5 and Falcon Complex, Army Cantonment is stretched over an area of 12 square kilometers. On 21 February 1948, Quaid-e-Azam visited a Pakistani Military unit for the first time, 5 Heavy Anti-Aircraft regiment (later 5 Light Army Air defence) in Malir Cantonment. Malir Cantonment is administratively governed through Cantonment Board Malir, a Local Body by its charter, under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Defence, through the Military Lands and Cantonment Department (ML&C), headed by a Director General. The governance of the Cantonment Board derives authority from the Cantonment Act, 1924 and rules made thereunder. The cantonment maintains its own infrastructure of water supply, electricity and is outside the jurisdiction of City District Government Karachi.
## Population
Roughly it is around 180,000 and includes all the ethnic and linguistic groups of Pakistan. Majority of its population consists of serving and retired armed services personnel along with notable civilian businessmen and bureaucrats.
## Landmarks
- Fazaia Inter College
- Army public school north
- Army public school south
- Defence Officers Club
- Combined Military Hospital CMH Malir Cantt
- Askari Star Mall
- Indus project cp6
- PAF Base Malir
- Ordnance Center
- Headquarters Mechanized Division
- Headquarters Air Defence Division
- SAAD (School of Army Air Defence)
- Inter Services Selection Board (ISSB)
- DOHS 1 & 2
- Station Headquarters
- Tipu Sultan Co-operative Housing Society \[Exists within Cantonment Limits\]
- Gulshan-e-Roomi \[Exists within Cantonment Limits\]
- Air Defence Brigade
- AFOHS Complex, New Malir (Falcon Housing Scheme Phase II, Chota Malir)
- Saadi Town \[Exists within Cantonment Limits\]
- Falcon Complex (AFOHS) Phase I Scheme for PAF Officers &
- Capital Cooperative Housing Society
- ASKARI-V Housing Scheme.
- KESC Society
- Sumaira Bungalows
- Gulshan-e-Umair (Exists within Cantonment limits )
- Encroached Kachhi Aabadi
- Rizwan Pakwan House.
- Cantt Bazaar Area.
- D. O. H. S. Phase I
- D. O. H. S
| 415 |
Malir Cantonment
| 0 |
10,121,035 |
# Maruschka Detmers
**Maruschka Detmers** (born 16 December 1962, Schoonebeek) is a Dutch actress. She moved to France as a teenager after finishing school, where she captured the attention of director Jean-Luc Godard. In 1983, she made her dramatic debut under Godard\'s direction in *Prénom Carmen*. Other noteworthy films include *Hanna\'s War* (1988) and *The Mambo Kings* (1992), but she is best known for her role in *Devil in the Flesh* (1986).
## Family
Detmers is the mother of actress Jade Fortineau (born 1991) by her relationship with French actor Thierry Fortineau.
## Filmography
- *First Name: Carmen* (1983)
- *Le Faucon* (1983)
- *La Pirate* (1984)
- *La vengeance du serpent à plumes* (1984)
- *Via Mala* (1985, mini TV series)
- *Lime Street* (1985, TV series)
- *Il diavolo in corpo* (1986)
- *Come sono buoni i bianchi* (1988)
- *Hanna\'s War* (1988)
- *`{{Interlanguage link multi|Deux (1989 film)|fr|3=Deux (film, 1989)|lt=Deux}}`{=mediawiki}* (1989)
- *Comédie d\'été* (1989)
- *Le Brasier* (1991)
- *Armen and Bullik* (1992, TV)
- *The Mambo Kings* (1992)
- *Elles n\'oublient jamais* (1994)
- *The Shooter* (1995)
- *Méfie-toi de l\'eau qui dort* (1996)
- *Comme des rois* (1997)
- *Rewind* (1998)
- *Clarissa (1998 film)* (1998, TV)
- *`{{Interlanguage link multi|St. Pauli Night|de|St
| 209 |
Maruschka Detmers
| 0 |
10,121,053 |
# Chapchai Nirat
**Chapchai Nirat** (*ชัพชัย นิราช*; born 5 June 1983) is a Thai professional golfer.
## Career
Chapchai is the son of a Thai national team golfer, and turned professional in 1998 as a fifteen-year-old. He won for the first time as a pro at the 2004 Genting Masters in Malaysia. He joined the Asian Tour in 2005, and had a second-place finish in his rookie season. In 2007 he won the TCL Classic, which is co-sanctioned by the Asian Tour and the European Tour and the Hana Bank Vietnam Masters. He was the third Thai to win a European Tour event.
In March 2009, Nirat shot 32-under-par over 72 holes to claim the SAIL Open, setting a new Asian Tour record for the best 72-hole score.
## Professional wins (11) {#professional_wins_11}
### European Tour wins (1) {#european_tour_wins_1}
+-----+-------------+----------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+=============+================+=======================+============+==================+
| 1 | 18 Mar 2007 | TCL Classic^1^ | −22 (61-66-68-71=266) | 3 strokes | Rafael Echenique |
+-----+-------------+----------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------+
^1^Co-sanctioned by the Asian Tour
### Asian Tour wins (4) {#asian_tour_wins_4}
+-----+-------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner(s)-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+=============+=====================================+=======================+============+==================================================================+
| 1 | 18 Mar 2007 | TCL Classic^1^ | −22 (61-66-68-71=266) | 3 strokes | Rafael Echenique |
+-----+-------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2 | 25 Nov 2007 | Hana Bank Vietnam Masters | −12 (68-71-70-67=276) | 2 strokes | Simon Griffiths, `{{flagicon|THA}}`{=mediawiki} Chawalit Plaphol |
+-----+-------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 3 | 21 Mar 2009 | SAIL Open | −32 (62-62-65-67=256) | 11 strokes | Gaganjeet Bhullar, `{{flagicon|AUS}}`{=mediawiki} Richard Moir |
+-----+-------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 4 | 21 Sep 2014 | Worldwide Holdings Selangor Masters | −10 (68-69-69-68=274) | Playoff | Antonio Lascuña |
+-----+-------------+-------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+
^1^Co-sanctioned by the European Tour
**Asian Tour playoff record (1--1)**
No. Year Tournament Opponent Result
----- ------ ------------------------------------- ----------------- ------------------------------------
1 2014 Worldwide Holdings Selangor Masters Antonio Lascuña Won with par on first extra hole
2 2015 CIMB Niaga Indonesian Masters Lee Westwood Lost to birdie on first extra hole
### Asian Development Tour wins (1) {#asian_development_tour_wins_1}
+-----+------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+---------------------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+============+====================================+=======================+============+=====================+
| 1 | 4 Dec 2016 | ADT Thongchai Jaidee Foundation^1^ | −12 (73-71-67-65=276) | 6 strokes | Sorachut Hansapiban |
+-----+------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+---------------------+
^1^Co-sanctioned by the All Thailand Golf Tour
### All Thailand Golf Tour wins (4) {#all_thailand_golf_tour_wins_4}
+-----+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+=============+====================================+=======================+============+========================+
| 1 | 7 Apr 2007 | Singha Pattaya Open | | | |
+-----+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------+
| 2 | 25 May 2014 | Singha Championship | −14 (69-67-71-67=274) | 2 strokes | Thitiphun Chuayprakong |
+-----+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------+
| 3 | 3 Aug 2014 | Singha Chiang Mai Open^1^ | −23 (65-67-65-64=261) | 2 strokes | Pipatpong Naewsuk |
+-----+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------+
| 4 | 4 Dec 2016 | ADT Thongchai Jaidee Foundation^2^ | −12 (73-71-67-65=276) | 6 strokes | Sorachut Hansapiban |
+-----+-------------+------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+------------------------+
^1^Co-sanctioned by the ASEAN PGA Tour\
^2^Co-sanctioned by the Asian Development Tour
### Thailand PGA Tour wins (1) {#thailand_pga_tour_wins_1}
+-----+-------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+-------------------------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+=============+======================================+=======================+============+=========================+
| 1 | 22 Sep 2018 | Singha-SAT Kanchanaburi Championship | −13 (67-67-66-67=267) | 3 strokes | Chonlatit Chuenboonngam |
+-----+-------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+------------+-------------------------+
### TrustGolf Tour wins (1) {#trustgolf_tour_wins_1}
+-----+-------------+------------------+----------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of\ | Runner-up |
| | | | | victory | |
+=====+=============+==================+======================+================================================================+===========+
| 1 | 17 Apr 2021 | Thailand Mixed#2 | −16 (66-68-66=200)\* | Shared title with `{{flagicon|THA}}`{=mediawiki} Prom Meesawat | |
+-----+-------------+------------------+----------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------+-----------+
*\*Note: The 2021 Thailand Mixed #2 was shortened to 54 holes due to COVID-19 restrictions.*
### Other wins (1) {#other_wins_1}
- 2004 Genting Masters (Malaysia)
## Results in World Golf Championships {#results_in_world_golf_championships}
Tournament 2008 2009
-------------- ------ ------
Match Play
Championship T61
Invitational
Champions T33
\"T\" = Tied\
Note that the HSBC Champions did not become a WGC event until 2009
| 711 |
Chapchai Nirat
| 0 |
10,121,064 |
# Hizen-Hama Station
is a passenger railway station in located in the city of Kashima, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu.
## Lines
The station is served by the Nagasaki Main Line and is located 57.6 km from the starting point of the line at `{{STN|Tosu|x}}`{=mediawiki}.
## Station layout {#station_layout}
The station consists of a side platform and an island platform serving three tracks. A siding branches off track 1. The station building is an old timber building of western design and houses a waiting room and a tourist information centre. The station is unstaffed but a ticket window is managed by a Kan\'i itaku agent. Only some types of tickets are sold and there is no POS machine. Access to the island platform is by means of a footbridge.
### Platforms
<file:View> from overpass of Hizen-Hama Station (north).jpg\|A view of the platforms and tracks. Platform 1 is to the left. Note the siding branching off track 1. <file:Platform> of Hizen-Hama Station 2.jpg\|Another view of the platforms, showing the footbridge. <file:Hizen-Hama> Station Sign 2.jpg\|Station name board.
## History
Japanese Government Railways (JGR) built the station in the 1930s during the development of an alternative route for the Nagasaki Main Line along the coast of the Ariake Sea. By March 1930, the track had been extended from `{{STN|Hizen-Yamaguchi|x}}`{=mediawiki} to `{{STN|Hizen-Ryūō|x}}`{=mediawiki}. In the next phase of expansion, the track was extended to Hizen-Hama which opened as the new southern terminus on 30 November 1930. It became a through-station when the track was extended to `{{STN|Tara|x}}`{=mediawiki} on 16 April 1934. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor of JGR, on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Kyushu.
## Passenger statistics {#passenger_statistics}
In fiscal 2016, the daily average number of passengers using the station (boarding passengers only) was above 100 and below 323. The station did not rank among the top 300 busiest stations of JR Kyushu.
## Surrounding area {#surrounding_area}
- Yūtoku Inari Shrine - Japan\'s third biggest Inari shrine. Hizen-Hama is the closest station although the previous station `{{STN|Hizen-Kashima|x}}`{=mediawiki} is more convenient for passengers taking a limited express train
| 357 |
Hizen-Hama Station
| 0 |
10,121,072 |
# Clive Forster-Cooper
Sir **Clive Forster-Cooper**, FRS (3 April 1880 -- 23 August 1947) was an English palaeontologist and director of the Cambridge University Museum of Zoology and Natural History Museum in London. He was the first to describe *Paraceratherium*, also commonly known as *Indricotherium* or *Baluchitherium*, the largest known land mammal.
## Early life {#early_life}
Forster-Cooper was born on 3 April 1880 in Hampstead, London, the second child and only son of John Forster Cooper and his wife Mary Emily Miley. His maternal grandfather, Miles Miley, was an amateur botanist and naturalist, and encouraged Clive Forster-Cooper in his interest in natural history. He was educated at Summer Fields School, Oxford, Rugby School. In 1897 he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge, and took a BA in 1901 and MA in 1904.
## Early career {#early_career}
In 1900, Forster Cooper travelled with John Stanley Gardiner to the Maldive and Laccadive Islands to undertake collections and study the formation of coral reefs. From 1902 to 1903 he was naturalist to the North Seas Fisheries Commission Scientific Investigations, sailing around the Indian Ocean, taking soundings and collecting fauna and flora of the Seychelles. In 1905 Forster-Cooper joined the Percy Sladen expedition to the Indian Ocean, with Stanley Gardiner. In 1906, he returned to Cambridge and continued to work on the collections made on the expeditions to the Indian Ocean. In 1907 he met Dr C. W. Andrews, a specialist in the history of the elephant, at the British Museum of Natural History and became interested in fossil mammals.
As a result of this meeting, in 1907 he joined Dr Andrews\' collecting expedition to the Fayum. His increasing interest in vertebrate palaeontology led him to the American Museum of Natural History, New York, where he worked under H. F. Osborn, then Professor of Zoology at Columbia University and Curator of the museum. He spent a year in America working closely Osborn, Matthew, Walter W. Granger and W. K. Gregory, studying the American collections of fossil mammals, and taking part in one of Granger\'s collecting expeditions to Wyoming.
He returned to Cambridge University, where he organized an expedition to collect large mammalian fauna, including specimens of the gigantic rhinoceros *Baluchitherium*, from the Bugti beds of Baluchistan.
## Work at the University of Cambridge {#work_at_the_university_of_cambridge}
He became director of the Cambridge University Museum of Zoology in 1914, where he worked until 1938. During the First World War, he worked on human animal parasites at the School of Tropical Medicine in the University of Liverpool, which examined the action of quinine on malaria. On his return to Cambridge University after the war, he held a variety of posts in the Zoological Laboratory, including lecturer and reader in Vertebrata, and was a fellow of Trinity Hall. The museum archives hold five books of Foster Cooper\'s lecture notes.
## Directorship of the Natural History Museum {#directorship_of_the_natural_history_museum}
Forster-Cooper was appointed director of the Natural History Museum in London 1938. A large part of its collection was preserved in highly flammable alcohol in glass jars, and during the Second World War, the museum was bombed a number of times. Forster Cooper oversaw the removal of much of the important parts of the collection to storage at Tring.
He was elected to the Royal Society in 1936 and knighted in 1946. He was also a foreign member of the New York Academy of Sciences and of the American Museum of Natural History.
He died on 23 August 1947.
## Private life {#private_life}
On 25 July 1912 at Holy Trinity Church, Chelsea Borough, London County, Forster Cooper married Rosalie, eldest daughter of R. Tunstall-Smith, of Baltimore, Maryland, USA, by his first wife Emily Rosalie Lee Andrews (1860--1889). They had two sons and one daughter. His daughter served as a bomb spotter in London during World War II and later married an American GI and moved to the United States. He was knighted in 1946 and died on 23 August 1947. Lady Forster-Cooper died in St Marylebone in 1965.
| 666 |
Clive Forster-Cooper
| 0 |
10,121,072 |
# Clive Forster-Cooper
## Publications
- 1903\. *Fauna and geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes*. Cambridge University Press. (Articles on Cephalochorda, Antipatharia and Nemertinea.)
- 1907\. (With J. S. Gardiner.) *The Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean in 1905. Description of the expedition*. Trans. Linn. Soc. (Zoo.), 12, 1--55. Part II. Mauritius to Seychelles. Trans. Linn. Soc. (Zoo.), 12, 111--175.
- 1910\. *Microchoerus erinaceus*, Wood. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, 6, 39--43.
- 1911\. *Paraceratherium bugtiense, a new genus of Rhinocerotidae from the Bugti Hills of Baluchistan*. Preliminary notice. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, 8, 711--716.
- 1913\. *Thaumastotherium osborni, a new genus of Perissodactyles from the Upper Oligocene deposits of the Bugti Hills of Baluchistan*. Preliminary notice. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, 12, 367--381.
- 1913\. *New Anthracotheres and allied forms from Baluchistan*. Preliminary notice. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, 12, 514--522.
- 1915\. *New genera and species of mammals from the Miocene deposits of Baluchistan*. Preliminary notice. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 8, 16, 404--410.
- 1920\. *Chalicotheriodea from Baluchistan*. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. pp. 357--366.
- 1922\. *Metamynodon bugtiensis, sp. n., from the Dera Bugti deposits of Baluchistan*. Preliminary notice. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 9, 617.
- 1922\. *Miocene Proboscidia from Baluchistan*. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. pp. 609--626.
- 1922\. *Macrotherium salinum, sp. n., a new Chalicothere from India*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 10, 542.
- 1922\. *A case of secondary adaptation in a tortoise*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 10, 155--157.
- 1923\. *Note on a lower jaw of an African Elephant*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 12, 263--264.
- 1923\. *Carnivora from the Dera Bugti deposits of Baluchistan*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 12, 259.
- 1923\. *Baluchitherium osborni (? syn. Indricotherium turgaicum, Borrissyak)*. Phil. Trans. B, 212, 35--66.
- 1924\. *On the skull and dentition of Paraceratherium bugtiense: a genus of aberrant rhinoceroses, from the Lower Miocene deposits of Dera Bugti*. Phil. Trans. B, 212, 369--394.
- 1924\. *The Anthracotheriidae of the Dera Bugti deposits in Baluchistan*. Mem. Geol. Surv. India, Palaeontol. Indica, n.s. Mem. no. 2, 8, 1--59.
- 1924\. *On remains of extinct Proboscidea in the Museums of Geology and Zoology in the University of Cambridge*. I. Elephas antiquus. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. (Biol. Soc.), 1, no. 2, 108--120.
- 1925\. *Notes on the species of Ancodon from the Hempstead Beds*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 16, 113--138.
- 1926\. *Brachyodus woodi, a new species from the Hempstead Beds*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 9, 17, 337.
- 1928\. *On the ear region of certain of the Chrysochloridae*. Phil. Trans. B, 216, 265--283.
- 1928\. *Pseudamphimeryx hantonensis*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 10, 2, 49--55.
- 1928\. (With C. W. Andrews.) *On a specimen of Elephas antiquus from Upnor*. B.M.N.H. monograph.
- 1932\. *The genus Hyracotherium. A revision and description of new specimens found in England*. Phil. Trans. B, 221, 431--448.
- 1932\. *Mammalian remains from the Lower Eocene of the London Clay*. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 10, 9, 458--467.
- 1934\. *The extinct rhinoceroses of Baluchistan*. Phil. Trans. 223, 569--616.
- 1934\. *A note on the body scaling of Pterichthyodes*. Palaeobiol. 6, 25--29.
- 1937\. *The Middle Devonian fish fauna of Achanarras*. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb. 59, pt. 1, no. 7, 223--239.
## Taxon named in his honor {#taxon_named_in_his_honor}
- The red-bar anthias, *Pseudanthias cooperi*
| 570 |
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# Opera House Casino, Scarborough
The **Opera House Casino** is a casino located in Scarborough, North Yorkshire, England. It took three years to build and was expected to employ about 110 people, when it opened in October 2005.
The casino was a £7 million development funded by the Shaw family, headed by Nikolas Shaw and was the biggest entertainment investment in Scarborough for over thirty years. It was the first privately funded casino in the UK since the gambling laws were amended by the Gambling Act 2005.
The casino is some 23000 sqft in size. On opening it was reported to have eleven gaming tables, twenty electronic gambling terminals and the same number of slot machines, and a number of bars. It holds Texas Hold\'em Poker tournaments in one of its bars where up to 55 players can be seated.
The casino broke British records by signing up over 5,000 members before it had even opened
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# Manora Cantonment
The **Manora Cantonment** (*منوڑہ چھاؤنی*) is a cantonment town in a small Manora Island, located just south of Karachi, in Sindh, Pakistan. It serves as a military base and residential establishment. Established by the British Indian Army in 19th-century British India, the cantonment was taken over by the Pakistan Army upon the country\'s independence in 1947. The cantonment maintains its own infrastructure of water supply, electricity and is outside the jurisdiction of City District Government of Karachi
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# Norman J. Warren
**Norman John Warren** (25 June 1942 -- 11 March 2021) was an English film director best known for such 1970s horror films as *Satan\'s Slave* (1976), *Prey* (1977) and *Terror* (1978). Warren is also known for sex comedies such as *Outer Touch* (also known as *Outer Spaced* and *Spaced Out*, 1979).
Along with the films of Pete Walker, Warren\'s movies are sometimes dubbed \"New Wave\" British horror, on the basis that they upped the ante in terms of sexual explicitness and gore from that of the Hammer and Amicus productions that dominated the genre in UK cinema up to the early 1970s.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Warren was born in Hammersmith. His father Stanley was a survivor of the October 1942 sinking of HMS *Curacoa*. After contracting polio when he was five years old, Warren permanently lost the use of his right arm. His gradual recovery, which included prolonged iron lung treatment, left him unable to attend school for four years.
An avid film fan from childhood, Warren entered the film industry as a runner on *The Millionairess* (1960) and as an assistant director (*The Dock Brief*, 1962) before directing the short film *Fragment* (1965). Calcutta-born Bachoo Sen (1934--2002), owner of the Astral Cinema in Brewer Street, London, who had an interest in film production, saw *Fragment* and subsequently hired Warren to direct two feature-length sex films, *Her Private Hell* (1968) and *Loving Feeling* (1969). Both were successes, but Warren saw little of the profits.
Not wanting to be typecast as a director of sex films, Warren turned down a third directing offer from Sen (*Love Is a Splendid Illusion*, 1970) and had to wait several years to raise the money required to make *Satan\'s Slave* (1976), the first of a series of horror films that he directed. Warren\'s final two films, *Bloody New Year* and *Gunpowder* (both 1987), were hampered by low budgets imposed by producer Maxine Julius.
Although Warren did not release a feature film between 1987 and 2016, he continued to work in the industry directing music videos and educational short films such as *Person to Person*, a BBC film designed for students of English. His horror films developed a following, culminating in the making of *Evil Heritage*, a 1999 documentary about his work, and the release of a DVD box set in 2004.
In 2007, Warren worked on the supplementary features for the Region 1 DVD releases of *Corridors of Blood* (1958), *The Haunted Strangler* (1958) and *First Man into Space* (1959). He was a regular guest at Manchester\'s Festival of Fantastic Films.
In 2016, Warren announced whilst being interviewed by journalist Steve Green that he was in post-production on a new feature film, a thriller set in London\'s Chinatown. The completion of *Susu* was confirmed at Birmingham FearFest in May 2017, at which Warren was a guest of honour.
## Death
Warren died on 11 March 2021, aged 78. His manager said he had been in poor health for a year prior
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# Lumut Bypass
**Lumut Bypass**, **Federal Route 100**, is a highway bypass in Manjung district, Perak, Malaysia. It is also a main bypass to Lumut and Teluk Batik. The motorists will be using this road from Ipoh-Lumut Highway (Federal Route 5) to Pangkor Island. The Kilometre Zero of the Federal Route 100 starts at Simpang Empat, Teluk Muroh junctions, at its interchange with the Federal Route 18, connecting Lumut to Sitiawan.
## Features
At most sections, the Federal Route 100 was built under the JKR R5 road standard, allowing maximum speed limit of up to 90 km/h
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# Australia and the United Nations
Australia was one of the founding members of the United Nations (UN) in 1945 and has been actively engaged in the organisation since its formation. The UN is seen by the Australian Government as a means to influence events which directly affect Australia\'s interests but over which they have little unilateral control.
## Diplomatic representation {#diplomatic_representation}
Australia has a permanent diplomatic mission to the UN in New York City along with missions in Geneva, Vienna and Nairobi. The Australian Mission is headed by an Ambassador and Permanent Representative and staffed by officers from the Department of Foreign Affairs, AusAid, the Australian Defence Force, the Australian Federal Police, as well as local employees. The Mission provides the core of Australia\'s delegation to UN conferences and meetings in New York, including regular and special sessions of the United Nations General Assembly. It also participates in the ongoing work of the UN\'s other organisations, such as the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council, and follows the activities of the UN\'s specialised agencies and programs.
Australia is the twelfth largest financial contributor to the UN. Australia contributed more than US\$87 million in the years 2004 to 2006, with a regular budget of US\$22.9 million, peacekeeping costs of approximately US\$60 million, and over US\$4 million contribution to International Tribunals.
Australia has been an elected member of the United Nations Security Council on five occasions in the past. H. V. Evatt, a former Opposition Leader of Australia and prominent figure in the Australian Labor Party, was President of the United Nations General Assembly in 1948.
### UN service {#un_service}
UN Organisation Terms served
----------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
UNSC 1946--1947, 1956--1957, 1973--1974, 1985--1986, 2013--2014
ECOSOC 1992--1997, 2002--2012, 2016--date
UNHRC 1991--1997, 2003--2006, 2018--2020
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# Australia and the United Nations
## Australian involvement in UN peacekeeping operations {#australian_involvement_in_un_peacekeeping_operations}
Australians were the first peacekeepers to serve under United Nations auspices when they sent military observers to Indonesia in 1947 during the independence struggle. About 65,000 Australian personnel have partaken in more than fifty peacekeeping operations, in about 25 different conflicts. Operations include military observation, monitoring cease-fires, clearing landmines, humanitarian aid and the repatriation of refugees.
Since 1947 Australians have joined peacekeeping operations in Cambodia, Korea, Namibia, Rwanda, and Somalia among others. All three services of the Australian Defence Force, as well as police officers and civilians, have been involved in peacekeeping activities.
The most significant recent involvement from Australian peacekeeping troops is in the newly formed country of East Timor. Australia initially offered between 1,000 and 1,300 infantry, three Royal Australian Navy ships (HMAS *Manoora* and HMAS *Kanimbla* already stationed nearby, and HMAS *Tobruk*) along with other support capabilities. Australia\'s involvement in East Timor is through UNMISET, the United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor, and UNOTIL, the United Nations Office in Timor Leste and UNMIT, the United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste.
Australia also has peacekeepers from the Australian Defence Force participating in the United Nations Mission in Sudan, to support the African Union\'s Mission in Darfur.
Seven Australians have commanded or led multinational peacekeeping operations. Nine Australian peacekeepers have died on UN missions.
UN Operation name UN Operation title Location Dates of Australian involvement Number of Australians involved Australian role
-------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
None UN Consular Commission Indonesia 1947 4 Military observers
UNGOC UN Good Offices Commission Indonesia 1947--1949 About 45 ADF personnel Monitor ceasefires and ensure the peace between Dutch and Indonesian nationalists
UNCI UN Commission for Indonesia Indonesia 1949--1951 About 45 ADF personnel Monitor ceasefires and ensure the peace between Dutch and Indonesian nationalists
UNCOK UN Commission on Korea Korea 1950 2 Military observers
UNMOGIP UN Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan Kashmir 1950--1985 Up to 18 Military observers and air transport
UNCURK UN Commission for the Unification and Rehabilitation of Korea Korea 1951 1 Military observer
UNCMAC UN Command Military Armistice Commission Korea 1953--present Originally 6, with 2 continually serving. Estimated 68 total Armistice monitoring
UNTSO UN Truce Supervision Organization Israel and neighbouring Middle East countries 1956--present Up to 13. Estimated 700 total Military observers
ONUC Operation des Nations Unies au Congo (UN Operation in the Congo) Congo 1960--1961 Army medical team of 3 seconded to the International Red Cross Medical team
UNTEA UN Temporary Executive Authority Western New Guinea 1962--1963 4 Army pilots, 7 RAAF ground crew and 2 Sioux helicopters Cholera eradication program
UNYOM UN Yemen Observation Mission Yemen 1963 2 Military observers
UNFICYP UN Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus Cyprus 1964--present 15 Australian Federal Police officers. Estimated 1000 in total Law and order
UNIPOM UN India-Pakistan Observation Mission India and Pakistan 1965--1966 3; 1 seconded from UNTSO, 2 seconded from UNMOGIP Military observers
UNDOF UN Disengagement Observer Force Israel and Syria 1974 Several redeployed from UNTSO. None currently Military observers
UNEF II UN Emergency Force II Sinai 1976--1979 46 RAAF detachment operating 4 UH-1 helicopters Ceasefire monitoring between Israel and Egypt
UNIFIL UN Interim Force in Lebanon Lebanon 1978 A few through detachment from UNTSO Military observers
UNIIMOG UN Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group Iran and Iraq 1988--1990 Up to 16 in Iran only Military observers
UNBRO UN Border Relief Operation Thailand/Cambodia border 1989--1993 2 Federal Police Law and order, and police training
UNTAG UN Transition Assistance Group Namibia 1989--1990 613 in two rotations; 28 electoral supervisors Engineering support and election supervision
UNMCTT UN Mine Clearance Training Team Afghanistan and Pakistan 1989--1993 10 teams of 6--9 Army field engineers. Estimated 95 total Demining
UNSCOM UN Special Commission Iraq 1991--1999 Between 2--6 ADF personnel on 3--6-month tours, 1 RAAF Image Analyst on rotation for up to 3 years. Estimated total 96 Inspection of Iraqi chemical, biological and nuclear weapons capabilities
MINURSO Mission des Nations Unies pour un Referendum au Sahara Occidental (UN Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara) Western Sahara 1991--1994 5 45 person contingents. Total 225 Communications
UNAMIC UN Advance Mission in Cambodia Cambodia 1991--1992 65 Military observers, signals and support
UNTAC UN Transitional Authority in Cambodia Cambodia 1992--1993 Up to 1,215 ADF personnel Movement Control Group (May - Sep 1992); Force Communications Unit
UNOSOM I UN Operation in Somalia Somalia 1992--1993 30 Movement control unit
UNITAF Unified Task Force Somalia 1992--1993 About 1,200. 1 Royal Australian Regiment Battalion Group, HQ group, and HMAS Tobruk Protecting delivery of humanitarian aid, law and order, and establishing functional legal, social and economic systems
UNPROFOR UN Protection Force in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Macedonia Former Yugoslavia 1992 Several Military observers and liaison
UNOSOM II UN Operation in Somalia II Somalia 1993--1995 36 Movements and Air Traffic Control Staff, 12-man Ready Reaction Security Team (mainly SAS) and HQ staff. 50 personnel per tour, about 250 in total Movement control unit, HQ staff, security
UNAMIR II UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda Rwanda 1994--1995 More than 600 in 2 contingents Medical, infantry protection, support troops
ONUMOZ UN Operation in Mozambique Mozambique 1994 15 police, 4 ADF Police and demining
MINUGUA UN Verification Mission in Guatemala Guatemala 1997 1 Military observer
UNAMET UN Mission in East Timor East Timor 1999 50 police, 6 military liaison officers Facilitating referendum
INTERFET International Force East Timor under UN mandate East Timor 1999--2000 5,500 Establishing security, facilitating humanitarian aid and reconstruction
UNTAET UN Transitional Administration in East Timor East Timor 2000--2002 Up to 2,000 maintaining security, facilitating reconstruction
UNMEE United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea Ethiopia and Eritrea 2000--present 2 ADF officers, 16 in total Training mission personnel and mapping
UNMISET UN Mission of Support in East Timor East Timor 2002--2005 Up to 1,600 Maintaining security, facilitating reconstruction
UNMOVIC UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission for Iraq Iraq 2002--2003 A few trained, two Royal Australian Air Force Armourers deployed to Iraq with one FSGT Michael Avenell taking up a role with UNMOVIC in the UNHQ New York until its disbandment Weapons inspectors
UNAMA UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan Afghanistan 2003--2004 1 Military advisor
UNMIS (Operation Azure) United Nations Mission in the Sudan Sudan 2005--present 15 Military observers, logistics, air movement controllers
UNOTIL (Operation Tower) United Nations Office in Timor-Leste East Timor 2005--present About 17 Military and police support
## Australia-UN relations in 2008 {#australia_un_relations_in_2008}
In March 2008, senior United Nations officials travelled to Canberra to meet Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, elected three months earlier. According to *The Age*, the aim was to \"repair relations\". Hilde Johnson, deputy director of UNICEF, stated that Rudd was showing \"stronger support\" for the United Nations and multilateralism than his predecessor John Howard had. During Howard\'s Prime Ministership, UN high commissioner for human rights Mary Robinson had criticised Australia\'s human rights record. Johnson stated that the new Australian government had \"explicitly said there\'s going to be a change, that the government will engage strongly and pro-actively with the UN\". For the Australian government, Bob McMullan said that his country\'s \"relationship with the major multi-lateral organisations has deteriorated in a manner that is quite contrary to Australia\'s long-term interests and needs to be repaired\".
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# Australia and the United Nations
## Australian Contributions to UN Regular Budget as at 2016 {#australian_contributions_to_un_regular_budget_as_at_2016}
Scale of assessments adopted in UN resolution 67/238 Contributions (USD) Scale of assessments for 2016 Gross contributions (USD) Credit from staff assessment Net contributions (USD) Total contributions (USD)
------------------------------------------------------ --------------------- ------------------------------- --------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------- ---------------------------
2.074 \$933,300 2
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# Rânca
**Rânca** (`{{IPA|ro|ˈrɨŋka}}`{=mediawiki}) is a recently developed Romanian resort, located at 1,600 meters (5,250 ft) elevation, at the foothill of Păpuşa Peak in the Parâng Mountains.
It is located 17.9 kilometers away from Novaci, Gorj County, after passing on the Transalpina (DN67C) road through the Parâng Mountains. There are views of the Parângu Mare peak and, when the weather is clear, one can see Peleaga peak of the Retezat Mountains. During the winter, there are more than five ski slopes open ranging from low to increased difficulty.
There is a variety of accommodations, ranging from hotels to small family businesses. The shops that can be found in Rânca can provide supplies of food and some other necessities to backpackers and bikers.
Every year in September on the Trasalpina road between Novaci and Rânca, the Rânca Stage of the National Rally Championship of Hill Climb is held
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# Eucalyptus forrestiana
***Eucalyptus forrestiana***, commonly known as **fuchsia gum** or **fuchsia mallee**, is a species of small tree or mallet and is endemic to an area near Esperance, Western Australia. It has smooth grey bark, narrow oblong to lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds that are square in cross-section, red at maturity and arranged singly in leaf axils, yellow flowers and four-angled, winged fruit.
## Description
*Eucalyptus forrestiana* is a small tree or mallet that typically grows to a height of 1.5-6 m and does not form a lignotuber. It has smooth grey over pale brown bark and a dense dark green canopy. Young plants and coppice regrowth have dull greyish green, petiolate leaves that are arranged alternately, egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 30-100 mm long and 20-60 mm wide. Adult leaves are also arranged alternately, lance-shaped, the same glossy green on both sides when mature, 55-95 mm long and 15-25 mm wide. The flowers buds are arranged singly in leaf axils on a flattened peduncle 22-55 mm long, the pedicel 13-20 mm long. Mature buds are red, oblong in side view, square in cross-section, 35-43 mm long and 11-20 mm wide with a narrow wing on each corner and a flat, disc-like operculum. Flowering occurs from January to March or from April to June and the flowers are yellow. The fruit is a similar shape to the flower buds, 35-50 mm long and 17-33 mm wide with the valves enclosed below the level of the rim.
## Taxonomy
*Eucalyptus forrestiana* was first formally described in 1904 by the botanist Ludwig Diels in the journal *Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie*, in an article jointly authored with Georg August Pritzel. The specific epithet (*forrestiana*) honours \"Sir John Forrest\", explorer, botanical collector and later the first Premier of Western Australia and member of the first Federal Parliament.
## Distribution
Fuchsia gum is found around salt lakes and on sand plains in a small area in near-coastal between Ravensthorpe and Cape Arid National Park, extending inland as far as Mt. Nye and Mt. Beaumont in Western Australia, where it grows in clay-sandy soils.
## Conservation status {#conservation_status}
This eucalypt is classified as \"not threatened\" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
## Use in horticulture {#use_in_horticulture}
*Eucalyptus forrestiana* is commonly used as a small street tree in semi-arid areas due to its highly decorative appearance
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# Marek Bliziński
**Marek Bliziński** (22 March 1947 -- 17 March 1989) was a Polish jazz guitarist and composer. He played with Michał Urbaniak, Wojciech Karolak and Zbigniew Namysłowski.
Bliziński was the first Polish world-class jazz guitarist. Stylistically, he belonged to the jazz mainstream, continuing the tradition of electric jazz guitar started by Charlie Christian and represented later by musicians such as Kenny Burrell, Barney Kessel, Wes Montgomery, Jim Hall, Joe Pass, Pat Metheny, and John Scofield.
## Career
Bliziński grew up in a family with strong cultural traditions. He got hit first guitar on Christmas 1962 and taught himself how to play. He founded the band Czterech (The Four) in 1966, where he played the music of J.S. Bach transcribed for three guitars and drums. The band won the Igrce Gliwickie competition in 1967; Bliziński won the first prize in the instrumental category. He wrote in one of his letters:
> I learned a lot while working with this band. I developed my technique and started to pay more respect to time: tempo and precision in rhythm; most of all however, I learned inner discipline ― indispensable in self-development.
In 1971 he was already collaborating with Krzysztof Sadowski and Wanda Warska. He founded the quartet Generacja (\"Generation\"), which won a prize in the Jazz nad Odrą festival; Bliziński himself won the 3rd prize in the instrumental category. In the years that followed, he played with Zbigniew Namysłowski, Michał Urbaniak, Tomasz Stańko, Jan Jarczyk, Włodzimierz Nahorny, Adam Makowicz, Novi, Bemibek, the Polish Radio\'s Jazz Studio conducted by Jan \"Ptaszyn\" Wróblewski, the Polish Radio and Television orchestra conducted by A. Trzaskowski, Wojciech Karolak and Janusz Muniak.
Bliziński\'s technique was dazzling. He worked very hard, practising constantly, aiming at maximal precision. He started his own trio in the late 70s, with which he played in jazz clubs and recorded his first album, *The Wave* (Poljazz). When the Jazz Forum magazine held a contest in 1982, Bliziński attracted the highest number of votes in the jazz guitar category. In the following years, Marek Bliziński and Jarosław Śmietana became the two most popular jazz guitar players in Poland.
Bliziński was recruited by Zbigniew Namysłowski in 1983. He played with Air Condition on jazz festivals in Europe and Canada. Johnny Olson wrote in the Swedish paper *Nya Wermlands-Tidningen* on April 26, 1983:
> Shocking. I was knocked out by his strikingly good guitar playing. He stands still as a statue, with no expression on his face but with what seems to be a direct connection between his brain and guitar. His playing reveals sound knowledge of guitar improvisation history. On four bars distance he went up to his knees in blues mud, somewhere in the Mississippi delta, rendered guitar canons of the 1950s and finally sailed across some funk patterns of the kind that make you feel dizzy. Technical problems seem to be totally unknown to him. He swings strongly when he wants to. Whatever he does, he does it with a temporal precision sharp as a razor. A noteworthy man: one of the best I\'ve ever heard, and I\'ve heard quite a few in my life.
Despite releasing popular records with other musicians, Bliziński\'s solo records had little success. Disappointed with imperfect recordings, he used all his savings for instruments and his own recording studio. He started working with his fellow musicians for the Royal Viking lines. Between cruises, he worked on his next solo album.
He was a universal guitarist and a good bass guitar player. His playing was characterized by perfect technique, moderation and good taste. As a soloist, he represented gentle virtuosity, free from cheap tricks, preferring full sound and a natural use of the instrument. Kazimierz Czyż wrote:
> His playing is characterised by a synthesis of focus and a unique selection of sounds. He never performs with the aim of showing off, in a manner where fingers are faster than thought; instead, he is always focused and seems to play for himself, without attempting to boast. It\'s probably this introvert approach to performing that makes him almost unnoticeable; there is only his music on the stage.
He was an appraised theoretician. Taciturn and not particularly communicative in person, he was vastly knowledgeable. He published the book *Jazz Guitar* in 1983, written in surprisingly comprehensible language. This compendium of knowledge about guitar playing was complemented by his teaching experience, gained during jazz workshops in Chodzież and Mąchocice.
He occasionally collaborated with the *Jazz Forum* and *Jazz* magazines, writing reviews of records and books related to jazz guitar.
## Illness
Hardly anybody knew about Bliziński\'s illness. He underwent an operation for skin cancer in 1985, which seemed to be a success. He was strongly advised to avoid the sun. He went on another cruise in 1988. Many months spent on sea had a negative effect on him. He started losing moral support, fell into depression and became weaker and weaker. Two weeks before the end of a cruise near Jamaica, the doctor on board ordered his immediate return home.
In a Warsaw hospital he was diagnosed with dangerous metastases of an advanced cancer. He died three months later in a hospital in Potocka street in Warsaw, six days before his 42nd birthday.
: Original text from note \"About author\", written by Janusz Popławski, from the book *Gitara Jazzowa* (*Jazz Guitar*). Publication approved by the author
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# Vital du Four
**Vital du Four** (Bazas, 1260-Avignon, 1327) was a French Franciscan theologian and scholastic philosopher, and prior of Eauze.
He became Cardinal in 1312 and bishop of Albano in 1321.
## Works
- *Quaestiones disputate de rerum principio*, wrongly attributed to Duns Scotus in: *Quaestiones disputatae De rerum principio, tractatus De primo rerum omnium principio*, novis curis edidit Marianus Fernandez Garcia, Quaracchi, 1910, pp. 1--624.
## Studies
- John F. Lynch, *The Theory of Knowledge of Vital du Four*, St. Bonaventure, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1972
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# Eliksem
**Eliksem** is a village located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. It is part of the municipality of Landen.
The village is known for the Battle of Elixheim, where the word *Elixheim* is an 18th-century English/French transformation of *Eliksem*
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# Pathirappally
**Pathirappally** is a coastal village in Alleppey District, Kerala state, India. It lies along the new coastal road, about 5 km from the town of Alleppey. It is a village in Mararikulam South and Aryad panchayats of Alappuzha district, Kerala.
## Nearer Places {#nearer_places}
The most famous Film Studio Named Udaya Studio is situated here. KSDP (Kerala State Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Limited) is situated near this Studio
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# Andhradesa
**Āndhradeśa** (`{{Translation|Country of Āndhra}}`{=mediawiki}) is a historical region in the Deccan Plateau of the Indian subcontinent, deriving its name from the ancient Andhras tribe, who inhabited and ruled the region since the Iron Age. The core territory of Andhradesa encompassed Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. At its zenith, the Andhradesa extended its influence over parts of present-day Maharashtra, Odisha, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
The Āndhras were an ancient non-Aryan tribe who lived around the deltas of the Godāvarī and Kṛṣṇa rivers. Andhras were mentioned in the ancient Hindu scriptures such as the *Aitareya Brahmana* (c. 500 BCE)*, Ramayana, Mahabharata* and *Puranas*. Greek historian Megasthenes reported in his *Indica* (c. 310 BCE) that Andhras were living in the Godavari and Krishna river deltas, and were famous for their military strength which was second only to Mauryans in all of India. They had 30 fortified towns along the Godavari River and an army of 100,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 1,000 elephants. They were also mentioned at the time of the death of the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka in 232 BCE.
## Etymology
Andhradesa, an ancient region, derived its name from the Andhras tribe that flourished along the Godavari and Krishna river deltas. The term Andhradesa is a compound word, derived from the words \"Andhra\" and \"desa\". \"Andhra\" refers to the ancient Andhras tribe, while \"desa\" denotes country or territory.
**Other names**`{{div col|colwidth=20em}}`{=mediawiki}
- Andhra
- Andhrapatha
- Andhramandala
- Andhrabhumi
## Extent
The heartland of Andhradesa lay in the fertile deltaic regions of the Godavari and Krishna rivers. These mighty rivers, carrying vast quantities of silt from the Western Ghats, formed expansive deltas that enriched the surrounding lands. The Kolanu lake (Kolleru Lake), situated between these deltas, played a significant role in the region\'s ecology and history. The deltaic region, with its rich alluvial soil and abundant water resources, supported a thriving agricultural economy, fostering the growth of prosperous cities and towns.
Historically, Andhapura serving as its earliest capital. Later, Dhanakataka gained prominence which was visited by the Chinese Buddhist piligrim Xuanzang. Its core territory encompassed modern-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. The *Periplus of the Erythraean Sea*, as well as Ptolemy\'s writings, mention about Andhradesa.
At its zenith, the region extended its influence over parts of present-day Maharashtra, Odisha, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Gujarat. Geographically, Andhradesa encompassed the eastern Deccan Plateau, bounded by the Balaghat Range to the west and the Eastern Ghats to the east. This region\'s diverse landscape, including fertile coastal plains and rugged plateaus, significantly influenced its historical trajectory and cultural development.
## Religion
Buddhism spread rapidly among the non-Aryan tribes of the Andhra region, gaining wider acceptance there than in Aryan society. The number of Buddhist sites in the northern districts of the former Madras State, particularly within the Andhra region, greatly outnumbers those found in the southern districts. From Sālihunde in present-day Visakhapatnam district in the north to Chinna Ganjam in Guntur district in the south, and from Gooty in Anantapur district in the west to Bhattiprolu in the east, the Andhra region experienced remarkable growth in Buddhist culture and art during the three centuries before and after the birth of Christ. A study of various Buddhist sites across South India indicates the existence of five major ancient trade and pilgrimage routes, all converging at Vengi, located centrally in the Andhra region. Most Buddhist establishments were situated along these routes, which connected Vengi to Kalinga, Dravida, Karnata, Maharashtra, and Kosala.
## Currency
The coinage of the period indicates that lead and potin were more commonly used than copper. The large and diverse range of coin issues suggests the existence of a vast empire extending from coast to coast. Additionally, the discovery of a significant number of Roman coins provides evidence of active maritime trade with the Romans.
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# Andhradesa
## Economy
The *Periplus of the Erythraean Sea* mentions of export of onyx stones, porcelain, muslin, cotton, perfumes, gum, and silk. Ptolemy refers to the Andhra people, trade along the eastern coast of India, and the ports of Kontakossyla, Koddura, and Allosygne. He also notes the port of Apheterion in the Maisolia region, corresponding to the Krishna River delta.
Maritime trade played a crucial role in the prosperity of Buddhism in the Andhra region for nearly six centuries, from approximately 300 BCE to 300 CE. Many Buddhists were drawn from the mercantile classes, whose wealth contributed significantly to the construction of major Buddhist sites such as Amaravati, Nagarjunakonda, and other stupas. Ancient market towns in the Andhra region included Dhannakataka (circa 250 BCE), Kevurura, Vijayapura, and Narasala.
## Subdivisions
### Kingdoms
Various dynasties have ruled the region, including the Andhras (or Satavahana), Andhra Ikshvakus, Salankayana dynasty, Vishnukundina dynasty, Eastern Chalukyas, the Kakatiyas, Nayakas and Vijayanagara Empire.
### Culture and language {#culture_and_language}
The Bhattiprolu script and the Telugu-Canarese script evolved in the Andhradesa
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# Oscar Ntwagae
**Oscar Selele Ntwagae** (22 July 1977, in Brakpan, Gauteng -- 27 August 2010, in Germiston, Gauteng) was a South African association football defender for Premier Soccer League club Platinum Stars.
Platinum Stars had confirmed before his death that he had just rejoined the club on a three-year deal.
The 31-year-old left Stars for Mamelodi Sundowns in 2005 and spent three seasons with The Brazilians before joining city rivals SuperSport United in the off-season.
Ntwagae was killed on 27 August 2010 after being knocked down by a motorist in Germiston after coming back from Jomo Cosmos training where he was attending trials
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# Joseph Dayo Oshadogan
**Joseph Dayo Oshadogan** (born 27 June 1976) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a defender.
## Club career {#club_career}
Oshadogan was born in 1976 in Genoa to a Nigerian father and an Italian mother. He grew up in Pisa, where he spent some time as part of the local team\'s youth system.
In 1994, he moved to Foggia, where he made his professional debut in the Serie B on 26 August 1995. He played at the club for four seasons, his longest stint at one club in his career.
In 1999, he signed for AS Roma, but left the *Giallorossi* soon later to join Reggina, where he spent two seasons.
After a two-year spell at Cosenza, in 2003 he joined French side AS Monaco, where he played only four domestic league matches in two seasons.
He then returned to Italy, joining Ternana, which he left following disagreements with the club management.
In May 2007 he joined Widzew Łódź, becoming the team captain, but left the club early in 2008, refusing to return to Poland after having been fined by club management.
Oshadogan ended his career back in Italy at Virtus Lanciano where he stayed for two seasons, from 2008 to 2010.
## International career {#international_career}
Oshadogan was also capped three times for the Italian under-21 national team, making him the first coloured player to represent Italy, making his debut for the *Azzurrini* on 3 October 1996, a 3--0 away win to Moldova
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# King's Meaburn
**King\'s Meaburn** (`{{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|m|iː|b|ɜːr|n}}`{=mediawiki}) is a small village and civil parish in Cumbria, England. It is located 5 mi from Appleby-in-Westmorland and 10 mi from Penrith, situated in the valley of the River Lyvennet. The river flows just to the west of the village and was crossed by a ford on the road to Newby and Morland. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 105, which increased to 135 according to the 2011 Census.
The village is renowned for hosting an annual Beer Festival at The White Horse.
## History
King\'s Meaburn was believed to be an Anglo-Saxon settlement during the 7th and 8th centuries, which is supported by the Anglo-Saxon origin of its name. The name \"Meaburn\" derives from \"Meadburn,\" signifying a meadow by a stream.
The name King\'s Meaburn goes back to the 12th century. The King at the time, Henry II, gave part of the village\'s lands to Sir Hugh de Morville, and the other part to his sister, Maud de Veteripont. Sir Hugh eventually fell out of favour with the King, after which the King reclaimed Sir Hugh\'s section of the land, and hence the name King\'s Meaburn. The land that belonged to Maud was and to this day (September 2008) is called Maulds Meaburn.
One notable event in the village was in 1745 when Charles Edward Stuart aka Bonnie Prince Charlie and some of his soldiers crossed the ford in the village on their way to rendezvous with more of his troops in Shap. `{{clear left}}`{=mediawiki}
## Geography and Weather {#geography_and_weather}
Due to the village\'s position relative to the nearby mountains, the village can be subject to strong winds known as the Helm Wind.
## Churches
Churches in King\'s Meaburn include St Mary\'s, the Wesleyan Chapel and the New Methodist Church.
## Watermill
Steele\'s Mill is now a holiday cottage. It retains a waterwheel, three grinding stones set into a floor, and the original apple-wood cogs and gearing encased in glass.
## Public Services {#public_services}
The village has an inn called the White Horse Inn which doubles up as a post office. King\'s Meaburn used to have a school until it closed down in 1983
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# Mark Clisby
Mark Wallis Clisby is an Australian lawyer, author, journalist and military historian.
Born in South Australia, Clisby was educated at St Peter\'s College, Adelaide and graduated from the University of Adelaide with a Bachelor of Laws. He has also been awarded a Bachelor of Arts and an honours degree in history from the University of Adelaide. Clisby is also a qualified captain in the Royal Australian Infantry Corps.
Clisby gained some notoriety in 2002 when he was caught up in a public campaign by the then Minister for Immigration and Border Protection Philip Ruddock, the object of which was to eliminate migration appeals to the Australian Courts. As a consequence of this he was struck from the Migration Agent register.
Clisby is currently working on his second book which will be titled *The Citizen\'s Tool Kit* and will be a handbook on Australia\'s unique system of Government
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# A. H. Sahu Khan
**Dr. Abdul Habib Sahu Khan** (8 June 1918 -- 29 August 2007) served two terms as an Indian nominated member of the Legislative Council of Fiji from 1957 to 1963. His brother Abdul Rahman was also an MLC during the 1940s.
## Biography
Dr. Sahu Khan was born on 8 June, 1918 in Suva, Fiji. In 1934, he left for New Zealand to complete his education, where was accepted into the University of Otago Dunedin School of Medicine shortly after, and became a doctor. He joined the Royal New Zealand Army Medical Corps after the beginning of World War 2, and earned 2 service medals. He returned to Fiji in 1946, where he was welcomed in the Suva City Town Hall.
He is credited with proposing the idea of the South Pacific Games during the 1959 South Pacific Conference in Rabaul, Papua New Guinea which led to the first games in Fiji in 1963.
In 1962, Alick Downer, the Australian Minister for Immigration at the time, invited Dr. Sahu Khan and his family to become citizens of Australia, to which he accepted, and moved to Sydney, where he lived the rest of his life.
He introduced the Nadi Township Board electoral system in 1967, and was the first elected chairman.
Sahu Khan died in Sydney, Australia on 29 August, 2007, and was buried in Rookwood Cemetery
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# Mosaic (Love of Diagrams album)
***Mosaic*** is an album by Australian indie rock band Love of Diagrams. It was released in 2007 by Matador Records.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Form and Function\"
2. \"The Pyramid\"
3. \"Pace or the Patience\"
4. \"At 100%\"
5. \"Interlude\"
6. \"Ms v. Export\"
7. \"Confrontation\"
8. \"Single Cable\"
9. \"Double\"
10. \"All the Time\"
11. \"Trouble\"
12. \"What Was I Supposed to Do\"
13
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# Larry Noble (politician)
**Larry L. Noble** was an Iowa State Senator from the 35th District. He served in the Iowa Senate from 2007 until his resignation on December 17, 2010, to become Commissioner of the Iowa Department of Public Safety. He earned his BA in Criminal Justice Administration from Central Missouri State University (now the University of Central Missouri) in 1973.
Noble was elected in 2006 with 16,694 votes (52%), defeating Democratic opponent Merle O. Johnson. He was re-elected in 2010 with 27,563 votes, running unopposed
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# Millers Falls Company
**Millers Falls Co.** is a tool manufacturing company originally based in Millers Falls, Massachusetts.
It was established in Greenfield, Massachusetts in 1868 as Gunn & Amidon by Levi J. Gunn and Charles H. Amidon. Gunn and Amidon, along with a third partner, Henry L. Pratt built a factory in the north of Greenfield. After the Greenfield factory burned down, the company was reorganized as the Millers Falls Manufacturing Co. It merged with **Backus Vise Co.** in 1872 to form **Millers Falls Co.**.
In 1931 Millers Falls tools purchased the majority of the shares of Goodell-Pratt tools and merged with that manufacturer in 1932.
In 1962 the company was acquired by Ingersoll Rand.
In 1982, Ingersoll Rand sold the Millers Falls business to the newly created *Millers Falls Tool Co.* The company was headquartered in Alpha, New Jersey. Since 2002 the company trademark has belonged to Hangzhou Great Star Industrial, of Hangzhou, China.
## Publications
- *The catalogue*, regularly published, with issues between 1883 and 1992 on record in libraries. `{{OCLC|26652313}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{OCLC|39795487}}`{=mediawiki}
- *A complete list in miniature of Russell\'s world renowned scroll saw designs.*, 1880. `{{OCLC|41665062}}`{=mediawiki}
- *A complete list in miniature of Wild\'s latest scroll saw designs*, 1880. `{{OCLC|41664814}}`{=mediawiki}
- *A complete list in miniature of Bowman\'s famous scroll saw designs*, 1880. `{{OCLC|41664680}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Tool practice : a treatise on the proper use and care of tools, containing information and advice of use to the mechanic, instructive and an inspiration to the apprentice*, 1911. `{{OCLC|39395025}}`{=mediawiki}
- *You and your company*, 1952. `{{OCLC|50944526}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Hand Tools*, 1999
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# Fisher Electronics
**Fisher Electronics** was an American company specialising in the field of hi-fi electronics. The company and the name was bought by Japanese electronics conglomerate Sanyo in 1975.
## History
Fisher Electronics was an American audio equipment manufacturer founded in 1945 by Avery Fisher in New York City, New York. Originally named the Fisher Radio Corporation, the company is considered a pioneer in high fidelity audio equipment. Fisher initially developed, manufactured and marketed high-performance audio products under the trade name \"The Fisher\".
In February 1969, Emerson Electric announced plans to purchase Fisher Radio. To purchase Fisher, Emerson initially agreed to exchange 736,000 shares in a transaction worth approximately \$75 million. Emerson later agreed to pay approximately \$37 million in stock to acquire Fisher. The purchase was completed later that year. Emerson subsequently sold Fisher to Sanyo Electric of Japan in 1975. In 2000, Fisher\'s entire product lineup was re-branded as Sanyo. Upon the acquisition of Sanyo by Panasonic in 2011, Sanyo\'s product lineup was, in turn, re-branded as Panasonic. Avery Fisher remained as a consultant for Emerson and Sanyo.
Fisher is generally known to be the first company to introduce separate audio components. Originally, hi-fi systems were integrated all into one chassis.
## The Fisher `{{anchor|the_fisher}}`{=mediawiki} {#the_fisher}
*The Fisher* was the brand name for high-end, high quality hi-fi electronic equipment manufactured in New York by The Fisher Radio Corp. during the \"golden age\" of the vacuum tube, which was named after the company founder, Avery Fisher.
During this period, similar brands were H.H. Scott, Marantz, Harman Kardon, and McIntosh. Some of the early 1960s models were also available as kits. Fisher tube equipment is considered quite collectible today.
Fisher\'s first receiver was the model 500, a mono AM/FM receiver using two EL37 output tubes. It had a brass-plated face panel and an optional mahogany or \"blonde\" wooden case. This early mono receiver should not be confused with the later stereo tube receiver models, the 500B and 500C. These later receivers made in the early 1960s were stereo using push-pull 7591 output tubes. They were also sold with optional wood cabinets and had aluminum faceplates instead of the brass on the earlier 500 receiver.
Well-known models include (but are not limited to):
- FM-1000/FMR-1 Broadcast Monitor Tuner, considered one of the best tube tuners, collectible
- FM-200-B Tuner -- similar to FM-1000 above, but for home use
- FM-100-B Tuner
- 800 Series Receiver A, B, C, AM/FM, 7591A outputs
- 500 Series Receiver A, B, C, FM only, 7591A outputs
- 400 Series Receiver, FM only, 7868 outputs, similar to model 500, but with fewer features
- X-1000 Series Integrated Amplifier
- X-200 Series Integrated Amplifier
- X-100 Series Integrated Amplifier
*The Fisher* was also used on Fisher\'s early US made solid-state equipment, such as the model 210 receiver.
Fisher FM tuners and receivers often used similar designs and components thus allowing parts to be swapped between various models. A good example is the FM stereo multiplex decoder module.
Fisher was the first to introduce stereo receivers with four channels. These innovations were brief and occurred in the mid-1970s which some`{{who|date=March 2015}}`{=mediawiki} consider The Second Golden Age of High Fidelity. Like many new concepts of the time such as Beta Format and VHS, there were a number of competing four channel formats. One was CD-4 (by JVC) and the others were SQ, QS and UD-4. None were particularly successful due to higher hardware costs, incompatibilities between formats and that some purists thought that \"four channel\" was a fad, which it proved to be. `{{confusing|date=June 2020}}`{=mediawiki} At the time the concept of a sub-woofer was in its infancy. Now, it is common to see 5+1 systems which had their heritage in the \"confrontation\" of four-channel and stereo high fidelity coupled with a sub woofer.`{{confusing|date=June 2020}}`{=mediawiki}
### Other consumer products {#other_consumer_products}
Under Sanyo ownership, Fisher also commercialized a range of consumer products including
- television sets, HiFi VHS recorders, projectors and DVD players, digicams and surveillance equipment
- audio systems and dictation machines, mobile devices and phones
- household machinery and air conditioners
In particular, the air conditioning business of Sanyo and Fisher brands was unified in 2000 under the Sanyo Electric Air Conditioning Co. Ltd. scheme, to end up eventually in 2011 with the buyout from Panasonic.
## Photo gallery {#photo_gallery}
<File:FisherAllegroX19.JPG%7CFisher> Allegro Model X19 Tube 20 watt stereo amplifier and matching FM Multiplex Tuner, c. 1962 <File:Fisher64b.jpg%7CFisher> Marketing Brochure and Component Price List circa 1964 <File:Fisher> Radio Custom Electra Console 02.jpg\|Fisher Custom Electra Console -- 1967 -- Model E-492-W -- 21-R Solid State Chassis -- 45 Watts -- Made in US -- Turn Table: Dual 1010 (W. Germany). <File:Fisher> Allegro 007.jpg\|Fisher Allegro A19 Tube Tuner and Model X19 Amplifier as removed from \"portable console\" <File:800BFacplateCrop.jpg%7CCirca> 1962 Fisher Model 800B AM/FM Tube Stereo Receiver 32 watts per channel <File:Fisher> 800B Tube Stereo Receiver (internal view).jpg\|Fisher 800B Tube Stereo Receiver <File:800BbeamFMcrop.jpg%7CFisher> often used the Tuning Eye or \"Stereo Beam\" and \"Stereo Beacon\" as shown on the Model 800B <File:Realistic214Front.jpg%7CExtremely> rare Model 214 FM Multiplex Tube Tuner made by Fisher and sold with Realistic badging through RadioShack stores c. 1962 <File:Fisher> MC-3010.JPG\|Fisher MC-3010 Integrated Component System (Receiver and 8-Track Player/Recorder Combo c. 1975) <File:Fisher> Electronics record player and tape deck.jpg\|A Fisher Electronics record player and tape deck, without speakers <File:Fisher> television 2
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# Basil James
**Basil B. James** (May 18, 1920 -- April 10, 1998) was a two-time American National Champion jockey.
## Biography
Born in Loveland, Colorado, Basil James became a jockey in California while in his teens and in 1936 at age sixteen he led all U.S. jockeys with 245 wins. After a successful 1937, in January 1938 he was suspended for ninety days after \"grabbing Herb Litzenberger during the running of the seventh race\" at Santa Anita Park. Once he served his suspension, James continued winning and in 1939 was the United States Champion Jockey by earnings.
## World Record & National Championships {#world_record_national_championships}
On April 11, 1936, Basil James rode Indian Broom to a World record time for a mile and one-eighth on dirt at California\'s Tanforan Racetrack. In an interview several days later, James said that Indian Broom could have gone even faster as he had \"never made a move\" with the colt. Basil James finished 1936 as the United States Champion Jockey by wins and in 1939 would be the United States Champion Jockey by earnings.
Basil James\' most famous horse was the Hall of Fame colt Alsab who was voted U. S. 2-Year-Old and 3-Year Old Champion male horse. Aboard Alsab he won the 1942 Preakness Stakes setting a new race record and winning by a length ahead of the second-place finisher, but his career was interrupted later that year as a result of his World War II service with the United States Army. When he returned to racing in 1946, Basil James continued to win major stakes races on the New York State circuit. He retired from riding in 1956 but came back again in 1959 then in 1963 joined the staff at Longacres Racetrack near Seattle, Washington where he worked for the next thirty years.
Suffering from Alzheimer\'s disease, Basil James was living in a nursing home in Des Moines, Washington when he died in 1998.
## Recognition
In 1967 Basil James was inducted into the State of Washington Sports Hall of Fame for his accomplishments in the sport of horse racing.
In 2005 he was inducted into the Washington Thoroughbred Racing Hall of Fame in the jockey category.
James was inducted into the Washington Horse Racing Hall of Fame, including a plaque in his honor displayed in the Hall of Fame housed at Emerald Downs, for his performance as a jockey.
In 2019, the *Times Herald-Record* highlighted Basil James\' win riding Alsab at the 1942 Preakness Stakes as an event of importance in the history of sports that took place on the date 9 May
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# Vuyo Mere
**Vuyo Mere** (born 5 March 1984) is a South African soccer player who plays as a defender for Premier Soccer League club TS Galaxy.
In 2024, Mere retired from soccer at the age of 40. He was retained by TS Galaxy, entering their coaching staff. Mere became assistant manager of their Diski Challenge Shield team under his former teammate Bernard Parker. Mere was also named as one of three assistant coaches to first-team manager Sead Ramovic
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# 1974 AD
**1974 AD** is a Nepali rock band, formed in Kathmandu, Nepal in the early 1990s. They experiment with various genres of music including Nepali folk, ragas, rock, funk, blues and jazz. 1974 AD are amongst the most successful recording artists in Nepal. Most of their albums are ranked amongst the top-ten best-selling albums according to Hits FM of Nepal. In 2000, their concert, \'Rock Yatra,\' was watched by more than 60,000 people, the largest attendance for a concert in Nepal.
Songs and albums produced by 1974 AD are usually in the Nepali language. Lyrics include themes of patriotism, Nepali virtues, unity, love and nationalism. There is a lot of variety in the music of 1974 AD. They have successfully tried various genres of music. Their songs, like \"Nepali,\" \"Sambodhan,\" \"Pahilo Junima,\" \"Parelima,\" \"Samjhi Baschu\" and \"Chudaina Timro Mayale\" and others, were some of the biggest hits in Nepalese music. The song \"Nepali Ho\" from their highest selling album Satabdi has been received as the most patriotic commercial song till date.
## Formation (1994) {#formation_1994}
The group was formed during the 90s by a group of teachers from Gyanodaya School in Lalitpur, Nepal. The founding members were guitarist Phiroj Shyangden, bassist Nirakar Yakthumba Limbu and drummer Bhanu A. During the early days the band played various genres for music like hard rock, heavy metal, rock and blues.
Drummer Bhanu A was influenced by blues music. When they played cover tunes he sang Gary Moore numbers like \"Walking by Myself\". They played several gigs in and around Kathmandu where they covered numbers by Bryan Adams, Deep Purple and other rock groups. He is also a good guitarist and his bluesy rock style has inspired many guitarists in Nepal. His style has the flavor of guitarists like Gary Moore, Ritchie Blackmore and Eddie Van Halen.
The band mainly performed their own compositions. The hit tune is \"Mayaluleh\" from their debut album \"Time Out\", established 1974 AD as a household name. During this time, future members Adrian Pradhan and Sanjay Shrestha were involved with their own bands. Adrian used to be in a hard rock band from Kalimpong called \"Flames\".
\"Flames\" held their first concert in Dasharath Stadium in Kathmandu during the winter of 1994. They were basically a cover band doing songs from Iron Maiden, Metallica, Extreme, and other rock acts. Adrian Pradhan played rhythm guitar and performed vocals. The influence of early heavy metal can be heard in Adrian\'s singing style. Adrian initially started playing with 1974 AD in 1994 as a piano player and featured permanently in the band since 1998 as a vocalist, drummer and a harmonica player. Percussionist Sanjay Shrestha, who used to play the drums for the St Xavier\'s school band, was involved with Nepali fusion rock act Shristi.
Flute maestro Manoj Singh would soon join 1974 AD and enjoy the popularity of the highly successful band and also contribute to the diversity of sound in the band. During the late 90s local guitar enthusiast Manoj K.C from Dhobighat, Lalitpur joined 1974 AD, completing the lineup. Together they would form a solid act and go on to conquer the hearts of millions of die-hard fans.
## Fame and fortune {#fame_and_fortune}
The band was very popular in the Kathmandu and Lalitpur rock scene in the mid 90s even before they started churning out big hits like \"Mayalule\" and other tunes. But the release of their debut album established them as a household name in Nepali music. Their compositions which include lyrics on patriotism, self pride as a Nepali, and love and unity amongst Nepali people are big hits in Nepali pop culture. They have come up with songs that have helped the nation unite and express mutual feelings at times of big changes in the country as in the form of political and other big events. The songs can be melodic but at the same time very dark with the lyrics and message they carry. The music covers various genres like heavy metal, hard rock, blues, reggae and funk/soul.
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# 1974 AD
## Departure of Phiroj (2008--2012) {#departure_of_phiroj_20082012}
While Manose Singh continues to contribute to the bands newer compositions, given his other musical commitment, Phiroj Shyangden has now exited the band for personal reasons. Not surprisingly, many fans feel a loss, some more than others, in the sound and image of the band. But the band, now with Adrian on vocals and Sanjay on drums, continues to find newer sound. Their new album 8:18 (aath:athara) has been received well by the audience. Numbers like Timi Bina, Bardaan and Rain Song from the album emerged to become winner. However, exit of Phiroj Shyangnden, one of the key members of the band and also the most influential guitarist in Nepal was something that severely hit the band\'s latest album.
## Return of Phiroj (2010-2012) {#return_of_phiroj_2010_2012}
During their historic US tour of 2012, the band reunited with Phiroj for a few songs in their New York concert on April 21, 2012. After the successful reunion and with the help of the organizer, Karma Tenzing the band decided to collaborate again for their next show in Baltimore, scheduled 2 weeks after. Band members Nirakar and Sanjay stated in Nepali that Phiroj had \"never left 1974 AD to begin with. He always was and still is a part of them\". They confirmed to various media outlets that the band had reunited again. In the winter of 2012, Phiroj returned to Nepal and performed in more concerts at St. Xavier\'s and in various Nepalese cities with the band. The band even recorded a few songs for their next album. Phiroj is now back in New York and according to him, the album release would coincide with the band\'s 20th anniversary in 2014. The album was cancelled and after the tour they went on a 6-year long hiatus from recording songs
## 9th album (2016-2019) {#th_album_2016_2019}
After six years of inactivity, 1974 AD emerged with new faces to record a new studio album. Adrian and Phiroj left the band for personal reasons, and were replaced by singer Rohit John Chettri and pianist Prajjwal Mukhiya. Additionally, the band added a new horn section with Jacko Wacko and Pratik Baniya in trumpet and trombone, respectively. They recorded their new album, Hazaar Sapana, and went on a US tour and on the WAVE \'Rock The Nation\' Tour to promote the album. The album became a commercial success relative to others in the music industry of Nepal. Shortly after the release of the album, the band released a song titled, \'Pirai Pir\', recounting the stories of the people who suffered during the massive 2015 earthquake, and describing how they could rise up from the loss. The band toured to promote the new songs.
## Nirantarta reunion (2019-present) {#nirantarta_reunion_2019_present}
In an event titled 'Nirantarta', held at Moksh, Jhamshikhel, Kathmandu, Nepal, on 8 July 2019, the band announced the reunion with their original lineup, Phiroj Shyangden, Adrian Pradhan, Manoj Kumar KC, Nirakar Yakthumba and Sanjay Shrestha. The event had acoustic sets of their originals with four members performing, while Phiroj Shyangden, who is presently at New York joined through skype video call. The band informed that they will be working on new songs and release their new album, possibly, by the end of 2019. Yakthumba was quoted as saying \"We have already started working on a new album. We have so many songs that we are not even sure which to include in the record
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# Jeremiah Donovan
**Jeremiah Donovan** (October 18, 1857 -- April 22, 1935) was a saloon owner and Democratic politician in Norwalk, Connecticut. He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1903 and 1904. He served in the Connecticut Senate representing the 26th District from 1905 to 1909, and from 1911 to 1913. He served in the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut\'s 4th congressional district from 1913 to 1915. He was the 17th mayor of the city of Norwalk, Connecticut from 1917 to 1921.
## Early life {#early_life}
He was born in Ridgefield, Connecticut where he attended the public schools and was graduated from Ridgefield Academy. He moved to South Norwalk in 1870. He engaged in the retail liquor business until 1898 when he retired. His saloon at the corner of Washington and Water streets is still in business, now named Donovan\'s and Mackenzie\'s.
## Political career {#political_career}
Donovan was a member of the Norwalk city council and also served as deputy sheriff. Donovan was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention from 1896 to 1916. He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1903 and 1904 and served in the Connecticut Senate 1905-1909. He was elected to the Sixty-third Congress from March 4, 1913 to March 3, 1915, but was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1914 to the Sixty-fourth Congress. He was the mayor of the city of Norwalk, Connecticut 1917-1921. He retired before dying in Norwalk, Connecticut in 1935. He was buried at St. John\'s Cemetery
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# Teens for Christ
**Teens for Christ** (**TFC**) is a non-profit organization whose aim is that of \"turning teenagers into fully committed followers of Jesus Christ\". To reach young people, Teens for Christ hosts weekly meetings during the school year in various locations throughout local communities.
## History of TFC {#history_of_tfc}
Youth For Christ was formed in the 1940s in Allen County, Ohio. During the 1980s, the local *Youth For Christ* became *Teens For Christ* and started to hold chapter meetings in various homes throughout the area. During the 1990s, TFC accepted the mandate to \"Turn Teenagers into Fully Committed Followers of Jesus Christ\" under the leadership of then Executive Director, Buck Sutton. From the 90s, with three senior high chapters totaling 30 teens and 8 volunteer leaders, today\'s roster encompasses 17 chapters and over 60 volunteers. Teens for Christ hosted an annual summer Boot Camp in Canada where students are physically, mentally, and spiritually pushed through an intense week of training on Treasure Island, a privately owned, 60 acre island located in Ontario, Canada. The camp is modeled on the military idea of boot camp. The kids are divided into platoons. Each platoon has a leadership team consisting of four to five adults. In addition, the teenagers in the platoon are ranked according to how many years they have attended. First years are privates; second years are corporals. Third years are sergeants, and fourth years are staff sergeants.
In October 2008, TFC Arkansas was launched in Gentry, Arkansas, led by TFC alumni David Young. In September 2009, the Rockford, Illinois, chapter was launched. In 2009, TFC launched a ministry training school, Young Ministry Institute (YMI). The program required students to attend classes, complete online studies, ministry training, mentorship development, and work in administrative roles during the day while oversee local area chapters during the evenings. The unpaid program cost students \$10,000 a year for those pursuing their bachelor\'s degree from Biblical Studies from Clarks Summit University or \$4000 a year for those completing the YMI certificate program.
Teens for Christ continued to expand their reach by launching an annual conference for grades 8-12, Converge. In 2018, they claimed to be the largest youth conference in Ohio. Converge was closed indefinitely after the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the conference\'s Facebook page. In January 2020, Matt Dungan became the youth ministry director of Teens for Christ. While Buck Sutton remained involved in leadership with Teens for Christ, he started a new church in Lima, Ohio called Living Hope. In 2020, their average attendance was 100 congregants and online viewership of the church livestreams were over 1,800 views a service.
In July 2022, allegations of abuse were shared in a letter that circulated online. The letter detailed alleged sexual harassment, misconduct, and abuse at the hands of leadership and described the organization as exhibiting \"cult-like\" behaviors. The Allen Count Sheriff\'s department urged victims to share information about the organization and shared information with federal authorities as many incidents occurred allegedly across multiple states and cities. In August 2022, the board temporarily suspended the local Lima, Ohio chapters and all staff allegedly involved were placed on paid administrative leave. The investigation is still pending as more victims share complaints with local authorities.
## Teens for Christ International {#teens_for_christ_international}
### TFC Kenya {#tfc_kenya}
TFC Kenya began in August 2005 with a man named Moses Omondi. He started in a handful of schools, and has since expanded to over 100 schools in areas of Kenya, including Nairobi and Kisumu. This ministry is reaching over 35,000 teens a week in over 130 chapters.
### TFC Bangladesh {#tfc_bangladesh}
TFC Bangladesh was launched in June 2008. It reaches over 9,000 students through more than 150 chapters in the capital (Dhaka), the nearby Gopalganj District and Savar Upazila, Chittagong Division in the southeast of the country, Khulna Division in the southwest, and Rajshahi Division in the west.
This ministry is also part of Teens For Christ\'s efforts to team up with a ministry that has planted 80 churches within the past five years in this area of the world.
### TFC Rwanda {#tfc_rwanda}
TFC Rwanda was started by Aminadab Mbanzabugabo Muteteri in 2014 after his Bible college and two years of working for TFC in Kenia. It was started in Rusizi, Western Provinces, but is now also in four provinces of Ruanda with 17 full time stuff and some volunteers represented. They are reaching already over 30.000 teenagers and want to expand to reach teenagers all over the country every week in the Chapter meetings and offer discipleship programs to them
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# Frindsbury Extra
**Frindsbury Extra** is a civil parish divided into commercial, suburban residential and rural parts on the Hoo Peninsula in Medway, a ceremonial part of Kent. It is contiguous with the fully urbanised Frindsbury part of Strood and is bounded by Cliffe and Cliffe Woods to the north, Hoo to the east, and the River Medway to the south-east at Upnor (or Upnor-on-Medway) and a long, narrow meander of the river in the far south. On Medway Council it has councillors representing the **Strood Rural** ward currently on almost identical boundaries.
## History
On 30 September 1894, the Local Government Board confirmed an order of Kent County Council, and Frindsbury civil parish was divided into Frindsbury Intra, and Frindsbury Extra. Intra joined the municipal borough of Rochester, while part of Frindsbury Extra joined Strood Rural District. The remaining part of Frindsbury Extra joined Rochester in 1934.
Since 1998 it is one of 11 civil parishes in the Unitary Borough --- approximately a quarter of the land of the borough is unparished for local administration.
## Geography
As a lowest-level administrative area, Frindsbury Extra contains the villages or dependent residential localities of:
- Wainscott (its most populous part, contiguous with Frindsbury)
- Upnor on the Medway
- Lower Upnor
- Upper Upnor
- Chattenden
- White Wall
- Stone Horse.
As with Frindsbury Intra, today known interchangeably as North Strood or Frindsbury, which is contiguous with Strood and immediately north of Strood railway station, Wainscott is south of the A289 dual carriageway. The rest of the parish is north of this road. The former council offices of Strood Rural District are in Frindsbury Extra.
## Demography
Output area Homes owned outright Owned with a loan Socially rented Privately rented Other km² green spaces km² roads km² water km² domestic gardens km² domestic buildings km² non-domestic buildings Usual residents km²
------------------ ---------------------- ------------------- ----------------- ------------------ ------- ------------------ ----------- ----------- ---------------------- ------------------------ ---------------------------- ----------------- ------
Frindsbury Extra 854 1149 281 239 56 6.00 0.48 0.25 0.63 0.17 0.29 6501 8
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| 0 |
10,121,367 |
# Staci Appel
**Staci Lynn Appel** (born April 19, 1966) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Iowa. She served in the Iowa Senate as the Assistant Majority Leader from 2007 to 2011 representing the 37th district. A Democrat, in 2014 she unsuccessfully ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives for Iowa\'s 3rd congressional district.
## Early life {#early_life}
Appel was born in Waterloo, Iowa. She grew up in Iowa City, Iowa, and attended Iowa City West High School.
## Career
Appel worked for 12 years as a financial consultant with Merrill Lynch and UBS Paine Webber.
Appel served on several committees in the Iowa Senate: the Agriculture committee; the State Government committee; the Ways and Means committee; and the Education committee, where she was vice chair. She also served as vice chair of the Administration and Regulation Appropriations Subcommittee.
Appel was elected in 2006 with 12,827 votes (50%), defeating Republican opponent Julian B. Garrett by 772 votes.
Appel\'s first bill in the Senate was a proposal to raise the minimum wage in Iowa to \$7.25. During her time in the state senate, Appel favored the Equal Pay For Equal Work Act
As a member of the Iowa Senate, Appel was appointed Assistant Majority Leader.
Appel lost her bid for reelection to state Representative Kent Sorenson in 2010, 58% to 40%.
### Political positions {#political_positions}
Appel is pro-choice and supports same-sex marriage. She has stated her support for the Affordable Care Act and would not repeal it. Appel endorsed Senator Tom Harkin\'s proposal to raise the minimum wage to \$10.10 per hour. On immigration, she has stated her support for increased border security and a pathway for citizenship for the estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants currently in the United States. On gun rights, Appel has stated that the gun-show loophole should be closed and that background checks should be required wherever a gun is purchased. On foreign policy, she has stated her opposition to Russia\'s incursions into Ukraine, though noted that \"she said she doesn\'t hear Iowans talking much about foreign policy.\"
### 2014 congressional election {#congressional_election}
`{{See also|United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2014#District 3}}`{=mediawiki} Appel ran for an open congressional seat in Iowa\'s 3rd congressional district. Incumbent congressman Tom Latham retired. She initially stated she would run for the seat, before announcing that she would not run, citing family obligations, then reversing her decision again to commit to the race. She faced Republican nominee David Young in the general election. David Young won the election with 52.8% of the vote to Appel\'s 42.2%.
Appel was endorsed by EMILY\'s List, a political action committee that supports pro-choice female Democrats, and the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee added her to their jumpstart program, which provides financial support. Stuart Rothenberg of *Roll Call* rated the race a \"Pure Toss Up\".
In May 2014, a Republican spokesperson accused Appel of plagiarizing text from another candidate\'s website, something her campaign manager said he takes responsibility for.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Appel\'s husband, Brent R. Appel, serves on the Iowa Supreme Court. The Appels live with their six children in Ackworth, Iowa
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# Ipotane
**Ipotanes** or **hippotaynes** are mythical creatures. They are usually depicted as being half-human half-horse creatures much different from the centaurs. Although sometimes attributed to Greek mythology, the term appears to have originated at a much later date, and without a definite description; they are first mentioned in John de Mandeville\'s fourteenth-century *Travels*. Ipotanes appear in modern works of the fantasy genre.
## John de Mandeville {#john_de_mandeville}
In his 1356 travelogue, *The Travels of Sir John Mandeville*, the author reports the existence of a violent race of *ipotanes*, found in Bacharie (Bactria). `{{quote|...ben many Ipotanes that dwellen sometime in the water and sometime on the land; and thei ben half men and half hors and thei eten men when thei may take him|Wyken and Worde, 1499.<ref name="Vinycomb">John Vinycomb, ''Fictitious & Symbolic Creatures in Art'', p. 144, Gale Research Company, 1906 {{ISBN|0810331470}}.</ref>}}`{=mediawiki} More recent editions of Mandeville\'s work use various spellings; *hippotaynes* (Macmillan, 1900), *hippopotami* (Penguin, 1983).
## Description
The word \"ipotane\" appears to be derived from the Greek *ιππότης* (*hippotes*), \"a knight\", which itself is derived from *ίππος* (*hippos*), \"a horse\". Mandeville\'s description is not clearly distinguishable from that of a centaur, and some depictions use the term synonymously. Some depictions show ipotanes with a human body and a horse\'s head. Other depictions have them as humans with the hindquarters of a horse.
## Modern literature {#modern_literature}
Despite their similarity to centaurs, ipotanes are not mentioned in the corpus of Greek and Roman literature. However, they appear in modern works of fantasy literature, in which they are depicted with various combinations of horse-like and human features
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# Dinesh Gunawardena
**Dinesh Chandra Rupasinghe Gunawardena** (*දිනේෂ් චන්ද්ර රූපසිංහ ගුණවර්ධන*, *தினேஷ் சந்திர ரூபசிங்க குணவர்தன*; born 2 March 1949) is a Sri Lankan politician who served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 2022 to 2024. He also held the positions of Minister of Public Administration, Home Affairs, Provincial Councils and Local Government. Gunawardena has been leader of the left-wing Mahajana Eksath Peramuna (MEP) party since 1983, was briefly the *de facto* leader of the Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna from 2022 to 2023, and has taken cabinet positions under several previous governments, including Leader of the House from 2020 until 2022.
Born in a political family, the son of Philip Gunawardena and Kusumasiri Gunawardena, and nephew of Vivienne Goonewardene, he was educated at Royal College, Colombo and later at the University of Oregon, where he advocated pacifism in the Vietnam War. Entering politics in 1983 as a Member of Parliament from Maharagama and later Colombo, his first role in government was as Minister of Transport under Ratnasiri Wickremanayake.
In 2022, Gunawardena was appointed the Prime Minister after former President Gotabaya Rajapaksa resigned amidst the ongoing economic crisis and Ranil Wickremesinghe was elected as his successor. In September 2024, Gunawardena resigned.
## Early life and family {#early_life_and_family}
Gunawardena was born into the political Gunawardena family on 2 March 1949. His father, Philip Gunawardena, was known as \"the Father of Sri Lankan socialism\" and a key independence figure, and his mother, Kusumasiri Gunawardena, was a member of parliament. His aunt, Vivienne Goonewardene, was often considered the \"foremost female figure in the Sri Lankan left\".
Educated at Royal Primary School, Colombo and Royal College, Colombo, he went on to study at the Netherlands School of Business. He also graduated with a B.B.A. from the University of Oregon, and whilst in the United States, became involved in student activism, taking part in anti-Vietnam War protests.
Gunawardena later married Ramani Wathsala Kotelawela from the Kotelawela/Jayawardena family; who is the niece of General Sir John Kotelawela, the third Prime Minister of Sri Lanka. They had one son, Yadamini, and one daughter, Sankapali. Ramani died of undiagnosed hepatitis in the mid-1980s.
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# Dinesh Gunawardena
## Political career {#political_career}
### 1972--2000
After graduation from the University of Oregon, Gunawardena worked in New York City, but returned to Sri Lanka in 1972 after his father\'s death. He was appointed to the Mahajana Eksath Peramuna\'s (MEP) central committee in August 1973, and became general-secretary of the MEP in 1974.
Gunawardena was the MEP\'s candidate in Avissawella at the 1977 parliamentary election, but failed to get elected until he ran as the MEP\'s candidate in the Maharagama Electoral District at the 1983 by-election, winning and entering Parliament. During the 1989 parliamentary election, Gunawardena successfully ran as one of the MEP\'s candidates in the multi-member Colombo Electoral District. He was again one of the MEP\'s candidates in Colombo District at the 1994 parliamentary election, but the MEP failed to win any seats in Parliament.
### 2000--2010 {#section_1}
On 27 August 2000, the MEP joined the People\'s Alliance (PA). Gunawardena contested the 2000 parliamentary election as one of the PA\'s candidates in Colombo District. He was elected and re-entered Parliament.
Following the 2000 election, he was appointed Minister of Transport, and was given the additional portfolio of Environment in September 2001. He was re-elected at the 2001 parliamentary election.
On 20 January 2004 the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) and the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) formed the United People\'s Freedom Alliance (UPFA), which the MEP joined on 2 February 2004. Gunawardena contested the 2004 parliamentary election as one of the UPFA\'s candidates in Colombo District. He was elected and re-entered Parliament. He was appointed Minister of Urban Development and Water Supply and Deputy Minister of Education after the election. In January 2007 his cabinet portfolio was changed to Minister of Urban Development and Sacred Area Development but he lost his deputy ministerial position. He was appointed Chief Government Whip in June 2008.
### 2010--present
Gunawardena was re-elected in the 2010 parliamentary election, following which he was appointed Minister of Water Supply. He lost his cabinet position following the 2015 presidential election, albeit being re-elected. In March 2017 he was suspended from parliamentary sittings for one week due to repeatedly disrupting proceedings.
On 22 July 2022, Gunawardena was appointed Prime Minister after former President Gotabaya Rajapaksa resigned amidst the ongoing economic and political crises and Ranil Wickremesinghe was elected as his successor by Parliament. Gunawardena and Wickremesinghe were classmates during school days.
On 23 September 2024, following Wickremesinghe\'s defeat in the presidential elections and the inauguration of his successor, Anura Kumara Dissanayake, Gunawardena resigned from the position of prime minister
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# 1855 in Ireland
Events from the year **1855 in Ireland**.
## Events
- 5 April -- opening of Boyne Viaduct at Drogheda by the Dublin and Belfast Junction Railway completes permanent through rail communication between the two principal cities of Ireland.
- October -- Charles Gavan Duffy, founder of the Tenant Right League, emigrates to Australia.
- Charlemont Bridge over the River Blackwater, between Moy and Charlemont is constructed.
- The Roman Catholic St Mary\'s Cathedral, Killarney, is completed.
- Dublin Zoo buys its first pair of lions.
## Arts and literature {#arts_and_literature}
- The Society for the Preservation and Publication of the Melodies of Ireland publishes *The Ancient Music of Ireland* edited by George Petrie, including the first publication of the Londonderry Air as collected from a local fiddle player by Miss Jane Ross of Limavady.
## Births
- 17 May -- Timothy Michael Healy, Nationalist politician, journalist, author, barrister and first Governor-General of the Irish Free State (died 1931).
- 17 August -- Andrew Jameson, public servant, businessman and Seanad member (died 1941).
- 25 August -- Paddy Glynn, Attorney General of Australia and Minister for External Affairs (died 1931).
- 11 September -- William Mulholland, water service engineer in Southern California (died 1935).
Full date unknown
:\*Margaret Wolfe Hungerford, novelist (died 1897).
:\*James Nowlan, President of the Gaelic Athletic Association (1901--1921) (died 1924).
## Deaths
- 14 March -- Edward Ffrench Bromhead, mathematician (born 1789)
- 13 August -- Richard Bourke, soldier and Governor of New South Wales, Australia from 1831 to 1837 (born 1777).
- James Hardiman, lawyer, librarian and historian (born 1782)
| 268 |
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10,121,412 |
# The Animals on Tour
***The Animals on Tour*** is the second American studio album by British rock band The Animals. It was released by MGM Records in February 1965 (see 1965 in music). The album included two previously released singles, \"I\'m Crying\" and \"Boom Boom\" and is mostly made up of leftovers from the British *The Animals* album (not included on the American version) and unreleased tracks intended for the British version of *Animal Tracks*.
The album was available in both mono and stereo formats. The songs on the stereo release were all rechanneled, which means that the original songs were mixed in mono and were re-mixed to simulate stereo. Rechanneling often occurred on American releases by British artists.
Despite what the title indicates, *The Animals on Tour* is not a live album; it is entirely made up of studio recordings. The album reached #99 on the *Billboard* 200
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# Hāla
**`{{IAST|Hāla}}`{=mediawiki}** (r. 20--24 CE) was a Satavahana king who ruled in present-day Deccan region. The Matsya Purana mentions him as the 17th ruler of the Satavahana dynasty.
The Maharashtri Prakrit poem by *Kouhala*, *Lilavai* (c. 800 CE) describes his romance with a princess of Simhaladvipa (identified with present-day Sri Lanka). Vijayananda, the commander-in-chief of Hala\'s army led a successful campaign in Ceylon. On his way back, he stayed at *Sapta Godavari Bhimam*. Here, he learned of Lilavai, the beautiful daughter of the king of Ceylon. He narrated her story to `{{IAST|Hāla}}`{=mediawiki}. King `{{IAST|Hāla}}`{=mediawiki} secured Lilavai and married her.
is famous for compiling an anthology of Maharashtri Prakrit poems known as the Gaha Sattasai (Sanskrit:`{{IAST|Gāthā Saptaśatī}}`{=mediawiki}), although from linguistic evidence it seems that the work now extant must have been re-edited in the succeeding century or two
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| 0 |
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# Radius of maximum wind
The **radius of maximum wind** (**RMW**) is the distance between the center of a cyclone and its band of strongest winds. It is a parameter in atmospheric dynamics and tropical cyclone forecasting. The highest rainfall rates occur near the RMW of tropical cyclones. The extent of a cyclone\'s storm surge and its maximum potential intensity can be determined using the RMW. As maximum sustained winds increase, the RMW decreases. Recently, RMW has been used in descriptions of tornadoes. When designing buildings to prevent against failure from atmospheric pressure change, RMW can be used in the calculations.
## Determination
The RMW is traditionally measured by reconnaissance aircraft in the Atlantic basin. It can also be determined on weather maps as the distance between the cyclone center and the system\'s greatest pressure gradient. Using weather satellite data, the distance between the coldest cloud top temperature and the warmest temperature within the eye, in infrared satellite imagery, is one method of determining RMW. The reason why this method has merit is that the strongest winds within tropical cyclones tend to be located under the deepest convection, which is seen on satellite imagery as the coldest cloud tops. Use of velocity data from Doppler weather radar can also be used to determine this quantity, both for tornadoes and tropical cyclones near the coast.
## Tornadoes
`{{See also|Tornado}}`{=mediawiki} In the case of tornadoes, knowledge of the RMW is important as atmospheric pressure change (APC) within sealed buildings can cause failure of the structure. Most buildings have openings totaling one square foot per 1000 cuft volume to help equalize air pressure between the inside and outside of the structures. The APC is around one-half of its maximum value at the RMW, which normally ranges between 150 ft and 500 ft from the center (or eye) of the tornado. The widest tornado as measured by actual radar wind measurements was the Mulhall tornado in northern Oklahoma, part of the 1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak, which had a radius of maximum wind of over 800 m.
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# Radius of maximum wind
## Tropical cyclones {#tropical_cyclones}
An average value for the RMW of 47 km was calculated as the mean (or average) of all hurricanes with a lowest central atmospheric pressure between a pressure of 909 hPa and 993 hPa. As tropical cyclones intensify, maximum sustained winds increase as the RMW decreases. However, values for RMW produced based on central pressure or maximum wind speed could be substantial scattering around the regression lines. The heaviest rainfall within intense tropical cyclones has been observed in the vicinity of the RMW.
The radius of maximum wind helps determine the direct strikes of tropical cyclones. Tropical cyclones are considered to have made a direct strike to a landmass when a tropical cyclone passes close enough to a landmass that areas inside the radius of maximum wind are experienced on land. The radius of maximum wind is used within the maximum potential intensity equation. The Emanuel equation for Maximum Intensity Potential relies upon the winds near the RMW of a tropical cyclone to determine its ultimate potential.
The highest storm surge is normally coincident with the radius of maximum wind. Because the strongest winds within a tropical cyclone lie at the RMW, this is the region of a tropical cyclone which generates the dominant waves near the storm, and ultimately ocean swell away from the cyclone. Tropical cyclones mix the ocean water within a radius three times that of the RMW, which lowers sea surface temperatures due to upwelling.
Much is still unknown about the radius of maximum wind in tropical cyclones, including whether or not it can be predictable
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# Patan, Chhattisgarh
**Patan** is a town and a nagar panchayat in Durg district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh.
## Geography
Patan is located at 21.03 N 81.53 E. It has an average elevation of 280 metres (918 feet).
## Demographics
India census, Patan had a population of 8,698. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Patan has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 59%. In Patan, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.
## History
Patan was a hotbed of Indian freedom struggle. Sri M. P Sawarni, Lakhan Lal Kashyap, Uday Ram Verma, Uday Ram Dikoria and many others from this region were involved in freedom struggle against the British Raj.
## Education
Patan High School was built sometime around 1953
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| 0 |
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# On Stage (EP)
***On Stage*** is a live recording of four songs performed on Kate Bush\'s Tour of Life in 1979. It was released on 31 August 1979 and peaked at number 10 on the UK chart.
## Background
*On Stage* contains recordings ostensibly from Bush\'s concert recorded live at the Hammersmith Odeon on 13 May 1979. However, the four tracks on this EP are noticeably different from those released in 1994, when 60 minutes of the 13 May 1979 concert was issued on audio CD. *On Stage* became Bush\'s first official (non-bootlegged) live performance on vinyl.
The record was usually issued in various global markets as a four-track 7\" disc running at 33RPM. However, it was also released on 12\" vinyl in some countries (Japan, Netherlands, Canada, France and Australia - with 45RPM and 33RPM speeds). Uniquely, Canada also issued the EP as a cassette. In the UK EMI issued the EP (as a promotional item) over four sides of two 7\" discs packaged in a gatefold sleeve. A 2 disc version was also chosen as the commercial Portuguese issue. The commercially available UK 7\" version (a single disc featuring all four tracks on one record) was initially packaged in a gatefold sleeve (similar to the promotional edition) which was quickly replaced by a single pocket version. Canada also issued a variant of the 7\" single in a gatefold sleeve packaged inside a limited edition 12\" outer cover.
The EP\'s peak at No 10 gave Bush her third UK top 10 hit. Studio versions of all four songs were originally released on her first two albums; \"Them Heavy People\", \"James and the Cold Gun\" and \"L\'Amour Looks Something Like You\" from *The Kick Inside* (1978) and \"Don\'t Push Your Foot on the Heartbrake\" from *Lionheart* (1978).
## Charts
+-----------------------------+----------+
| Chart (1979--1983) | Peak\ |
| | position |
+:============================+:=========+
| Canadian *RPM* Albums Chart | 57 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
| Dutch Single Top 100 | 17 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
| Irish Singles Chart | 15 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
| UK Singles Chart | 10 |
+-----------------------------+----------+
## Sales
The EP sold 5,980 units in Japan
| 355 |
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| 0 |
10,121,445 |
# 1782 in Ireland
Events from the year **1782 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: George III
## Events
- 6 February -- The collapse of a floor due to a rotten beam at Neale\'s Musick Hall, Dublin leaves many people injured, 11 of whom die shortly afterwards due to their injuries.
- \'Constitution of 1782\', the collective legal changes which restore legislative independence to the Parliament of Ireland, giving rise to \"Grattan\'s Parliament\".
- 15 February -- at a convention held in Dungannon, delegates from a number of Ulster Volunteer corps pledge support for resolutions advocating legislative independence for Ireland.
- 20 February -- the phrase \"Protestant Ascendancy\" is first used by Sir Boyle Roche (in passing) in a speech to the Irish House of Commons.
- 16 April -- Henry Grattan declares the independence of the Irish House of Commons.
- 17 May -- the Parliament of Great Britain under Prime Minister Lord Rockingham passes the Repeal of Act for Securing Dependence of Ireland Act, repealing the Dependency of Ireland on Great Britain Act 1719.
- Repeal of Poynings\' Law.
- Irish judges are granted the same security of tenure as their English counterparts.
```{=html}
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```
- Repeal of the Education Act 1695: Roman Catholics may now send their children abroad to be educated; they may also now teach classes within Ireland.
- Parliament of Ireland passes the Anonymous Persons Act, introducing a form of limited liability to encourage commerce.
- Kildare Street Club founded in Dublin.
## Births
- 1 April -- James Daly, 1st Baron Dunsandle and Clanconal, politician (died 1847).
- 26 July -- John Field, composer and pianist (died 1837).
- 25 September -- Charles Maturin, clergyman, novelist and playwright (died 1824).
- 29 September -- Windham Quin, 2nd Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, peer (died 1850).
- 11 November -- Francis Blackburne, Lord Chancellor of Ireland (died 1867).
- 23 November -- James FitzGibbon, British soldier and hero of the War of 1812 (died 1863).
Full date unknown
:\*Sir John Burke, 2nd Baronet, soldier and politician (died 1847).
:\*James Hardiman, lawyer, librarian and historian (died 1855)
| 355 |
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| 0 |
10,121,452 |
# 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division (United States)
The **2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division** is an infantry Brigade Combat Team of the United States Army based at Fort Drum, New York. It is a subordinate unit of the 10th Mountain Division.
Activated in 1985, the 10th Mountain Division\'s second brigade\'s elements saw numerous deployments to contingencies around the world in the 1990s. With the Global War on Terrorism the brigade has deployed six times: initially deployed to Uzbekistan, Kuwait and Qatar in 2001, elements of the brigade later deployed from Uzbekistan into Afghanistan; the brigade deployed again in early 2003, split across Iraq, Afghanistan and the Horn of Africa; the entire brigade returned to Iraq in 2004--2005, 2006--2007 and 2009--2010 before returning to Afghanistan in 2013 for its sixth deployment.
## Organization
The 2nd Brigade Combat Team is a subordinate unit of the 10th Mountain Division. however, its modular nature means it is capable of operating independently of the division\'s Headquarters and Headquarters Company.
As an infantry brigade combat team (IBCT), the brigade consists of a Headquarters and Headquarters Company or HHC, a squadron, and several subordinate battalions stationed at Fort Drum, New York:
- 2nd Battalion, 14th Infantry Regiment
- 4th Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment
- 2nd Battalion, 87th Infantry Regiment
- 1st Squadron, 89th Cavalry Regiment
- 2nd Battalion, 15th Field Artillery Regiment (2--15th FAR)
- 41st Engineer Battalion
- 210th Brigade Support Battalion (210th BSB)
## History
On 13 February 1985, the 10th Mountain Division (Light Infantry) was activated at Fort Drum, New York, after several decades inactive. In accordance with the Reorganization Objective Army Divisions plan, the division was no longer centered on regiments, instead two brigades were activated under the division. The 1st Brigade, 10th Mountain Division was activated at Fort Drum while the 2nd Brigade, 10th Mountain Division was activated at Fort Benning, moving to Fort Drum in 1988. The division was also assigned a round-out brigade from the Army National Guard, the 27th Infantry Brigade. The division was specially designed as a light infantry division able to rapidly deploy. Equipment design was oriented toward reduced size and weight for reasons of both strategic and tactical mobility. The division also received a distinctive unit insignia.
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# 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division (United States)
## History
### Contingencies
In 1990, the division sent 1,200 soldiers to support Operation Desert Storm. The largest of these units was the 548th Supply and Services Battalion with almost 1,000 soldiers, which supported the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized) in Iraq. Following a cease-fire in March 1991, the support soldiers began redeploying to Fort Drum through June of that year.
Hurricane Andrew struck South Florida on 24 August 1992, killing 13 people, leaving another 250,000 homeless and causing damages in excess of 20 billion dollars. On 27 September 1992, the 10th Mountain Division assumed responsibility for Hurricane Andrew disaster relief as Task Force Mountain. Division soldiers set up relief camps, distributed food, clothing, medical necessities and building supplies, as well as helping to rebuild homes and clear debris. The last of the 6,000 division soldiers to deploy to Florida returned home in October 1992.
#### Operation Restore Hope {#operation_restore_hope}
On 3 December 1992, the division headquarters was designated as the headquarters for all Army forces (ARFOR) of the Unified Task Force (UNITAF) for Operation Restore Hope. Major General Steven L. Arnold, the division commander, was named Army forces commander. The 10th Mountain Division\'s mission was to secure major cities and roads to provide safe passage of relief supplies to the Somali population suffering from the effects of the Somali Civil War. Due to 10th Mountain Division efforts, humanitarian agencies declared an end to the food emergency and factional fighting decreased. When Task Force Ranger and the SAR team were pinned down during a raid in what later became known as the Battle of Mogadishu, 10th Mountain units provided infantry for the UN quick reaction force sent to rescue them. The 10th had 2 soldiers killed in the fighting, which was the longest sustained firefight by regular U.S. Army forces since the Vietnam War. The division began a gradual reduction of forces in Somalia in February 1993, until the last soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, 22nd Infantry returned to the United States in March 1994.
#### Operation Uphold Democracy {#operation_uphold_democracy}
The division formed the nucleus of the Multinational Force Haiti (MNF Haiti) and Joint Task Force 190 (JTF 190) in Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy. More than 8,600 of the division\'s troops deployed during this operation. On 19 September 1994, the 1st Brigade conducted the Army\'s first air assault from an aircraft carrier. This force consisted of 54 helicopters and almost 2,000 soldiers. They occupied the Port-au-Prince International Airport. This was the largest Army air operation conducted from a carrier since the Doolittle Raid in World War II.
The division\'s mission was to create a secure and stable environment so the government of Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide could be reestablished and democratic elections held. After this was accomplished, the 10th Mountain Division handed over control of the MNF-Haiti to the 25th Infantry Division on 15 January 1995. The Division redeployed the last of its soldiers who served in Haiti by 31 January 1995.
#### Task Force Eagle {#task_force_eagle}
In the fall of 1998, the division received notice that it would be serving as senior headquarters of Task Force Eagle, providing a peacekeeping force to support the ongoing operation within the Multi-National Division-North area of responsibility in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Selected division units began deploying in late summer, approximately 3,000 division soldiers deployed. After successfully performing their mission in Bosnia, the division units conducted a Transfer of Authority, relinquishing their assignments to soldiers of the 49th Armored Division, Texas National Guard. By early summer 2000, all 10th Mountain Division soldiers had returned safely to Fort Drum.
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