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# Protein domain
## Domains are autonomous folding units {#domains_are_autonomous_folding_units}
### Folding
**Protein folding - the unsolved problem** : Since the seminal work of Anfinsen in the early 1960s, the goal to completely understand the mechanism by which a polypeptide rapidly folds into its stable native conformation remains elusive. Many experimental folding studies have contributed much to our understanding, but the principles that govern protein folding are still based on those discovered in the very first studies of folding. Anfinsen showed that the native state of a protein is thermodynamically stable, the conformation being at a global minimum of its free energy.
Folding is a directed search of conformational space allowing the protein to fold on a biologically feasible time scale. The Levinthal paradox states that if an averaged sized protein would sample all possible conformations before finding the one with the lowest energy, the whole process would take billions of years. Proteins typically fold within 0.1 and 1000 seconds. Therefore, the protein folding process must be directed some way through a specific folding pathway. The forces that direct this search are likely to be a combination of local and global influences whose effects are felt at various stages of the reaction.
Advances in experimental and theoretical studies have shown that folding can be viewed in terms of energy landscapes, where folding kinetics is considered as a progressive organisation of an ensemble of partially folded structures through which a protein passes on its way to the folded structure. This has been described in terms of a folding funnel, in which an unfolded protein has a large number of conformational states available and there are fewer states available to the folded protein. A funnel implies that for protein folding there is a decrease in energy and loss of entropy with increasing tertiary structure formation. The local roughness of the funnel reflects kinetic traps, corresponding to the accumulation of misfolded intermediates. A folding chain progresses toward lower intra-chain free-energies by increasing its compactness. The chain\'s conformational options become increasingly narrowed ultimately toward one native structure.
### Advantage of domains in protein folding {#advantage_of_domains_in_protein_folding}
The organisation of large proteins by structural domains represents an advantage for protein folding, with each domain being able to individually fold, accelerating the folding process and reducing a potentially large combination of residue interactions. Furthermore, given the observed random distribution of hydrophobic residues in proteins, domain formation appears to be the optimal solution for a large protein to bury its hydrophobic residues while keeping the hydrophilic residues at the surface.
However, the role of inter-domain interactions in protein folding and in energetics of stabilisation of the native structure, probably differs for each protein. In T4 lysozyme, the influence of one domain on the other is so strong that the entire molecule is resistant to proteolytic cleavage. In this case, folding is a sequential process where the C-terminal domain is required to fold independently in an early step, and the other domain requires the presence of the folded C-terminal domain for folding and stabilisation.
It has been found that the folding of an isolated domain can take place at the same rate or sometimes faster than that of the integrated domain, suggesting that unfavourable interactions with the rest of the protein can occur during folding. Several arguments suggest that the slowest step in the folding of large proteins is the pairing of the folded domains. This is either because the domains are not folded entirely correctly or because the small adjustments required for their interaction are energetically unfavourable, such as the removal of water from the domain interface.
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# Protein domain
## Domains and protein flexibility {#domains_and_protein_flexibility}
Protein domain dynamics play a key role in a multitude of molecular recognition and signaling processes. Protein domains, connected by intrinsically disordered flexible linker domains, induce long-range allostery via protein domain dynamics. The resultant dynamic modes cannot be generally predicted from static structures of either the entire protein or individual domains. They can however be inferred by comparing different structures of a protein (as in Database of Molecular Motions). They can also be suggested by sampling in extensive molecular dynamics trajectories and principal component analysis, or they can be directly observed using spectra measured by neutron spin echo spectroscopy.
## Domain definition from structural co-ordinates {#domain_definition_from_structural_co_ordinates}
The importance of domains as structural building blocks and elements of evolution has brought about many automated methods for their identification and classification in proteins of known structure. Automatic procedures for reliable domain assignment is essential for the generation of the domain databases, especially as the number of known protein structures is increasing. Although the boundaries of a domain can be determined by visual inspection, construction of an automated method is not straightforward. Problems occur when faced with domains that are discontinuous or highly associated. The fact that there is no standard definition of what a domain really is has meant that domain assignments have varied enormously, with each researcher using a unique set of criteria.
A structural domain is a compact, globular sub-structure with more interactions within it than with the rest of the protein. Therefore, a structural domain can be determined by two visual characteristics: its compactness and its extent of isolation. Measures of local compactness in proteins have been used in many of the early methods of domain assignment and in several of the more recent methods.
### Methods
One of the first algorithms used a Cα-Cα distance map together with a hierarchical clustering routine that considered proteins as several small segments, 10 residues in length. The initial segments were clustered one after another based on inter-segment distances; segments with the shortest distances were clustered and considered as single segments thereafter. The stepwise clustering finally included the full protein. Go also exploited the fact that inter-domain distances are normally larger than intra-domain distances; all possible Cα-Cα distances were represented as diagonal plots in which there were distinct patterns for helices, extended strands and combinations of secondary structures.
The method by Sowdhamini and Blundell clusters secondary structures in a protein based on their Cα-Cα distances and identifies domains from the pattern in their dendrograms. As the procedure does not consider the protein as a continuous chain of amino acids there are no problems in treating discontinuous domains. Specific nodes in these dendrograms are identified as tertiary structural clusters of the protein, these include both super-secondary structures and domains. The DOMAK algorithm is used to create the 3Dee domain database. It calculates a \'split value\' from the number of each type of contact when the protein is divided arbitrarily into two parts. This split value is large when the two parts of the structure are distinct.
The method of Wodak and Janin was based on the calculated interface areas between two chain segments repeatedly cleaved at various residue positions. Interface areas were calculated by comparing surface areas of the cleaved segments with that of the native structure. Potential domain boundaries can be identified at a site where the interface area was at a minimum. Other methods have used measures of solvent accessibility to calculate compactness.
The PUU algorithm incorporates a harmonic model used to approximate inter-domain dynamics. The underlying physical concept is that many rigid interactions will occur within each domain and loose interactions will occur between domains. This algorithm is used to define domains in the FSSP domain database.
Swindells (1995) developed a method, DETECTIVE, for identification of domains in protein structures based on the idea that domains have a hydrophobic interior. Deficiencies were found to occur when hydrophobic cores from different domains continue through the interface region.
[RigidFinder](http://rigidfinder.molmovdb.org) is a novel method for identification of protein rigid blocks (domains and loops) from two different conformations. Rigid blocks are defined as blocks where all inter residue distances are conserved across conformations.
The method [RIBFIND](http://ribfind.ismb.lon.ac.uk) developed by Pandurangan and Topf identifies rigid bodies in protein structures by performing spacial clustering of secondary structural elements in proteins. The RIBFIND rigid bodies have been used to flexibly fit protein structures into cryo electron microscopy density maps.
A general method to identify *dynamical domains*, that is protein regions that behave approximately as rigid units in the course of structural fluctuations, has been introduced by Potestio et al. and, among other applications was also used to compare the consistency of the dynamics-based domain subdivisions with standard structure-based ones. The method, termed [PiSQRD](https://web.archive.org/web/20171204052439/http://pisqrd.escience-lab.org/), is publicly available in the form of a webserver. The latter allows users to optimally subdivide single-chain or multimeric proteins into quasi-rigid domains based on the collective modes of fluctuation of the system. By default the latter are calculated through an elastic network model; alternatively pre-calculated essential dynamical spaces can be uploaded by the user.
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# Protein domain
## Domain definition from structural co-ordinates {#domain_definition_from_structural_co_ordinates}
### Example domains {#example_domains}
- Armadillo repeats: named after the β-catenin-like Armadillo protein of the fruit fly *Drosophila melanogaster*.
- Basic leucine zipper domain (bZIP domain): found in many DNA-binding eukaryotic proteins. One part of the domain contains a region that mediates sequence-specific DNA-binding properties and the Leucine zipper that is required for the dimerization of two DNA-binding regions. The DNA-binding region comprises a number of basic aminoacids such as arginine and lysine.
- Cadherin repeats: Cadherins function as Ca^2+^-dependent cell--cell adhesion proteins. Cadherin domains are extracellular regions which mediate cell-to-cell homophilic binding between cadherins on the surface of adjacent cells.
- Death effector domain (DED): allows protein--protein binding by homotypic interactions (DED-DED). Caspase proteases trigger apoptosis via proteolytic cascades. Pro-caspase-8 and pro-caspase-9 bind to specific adaptor molecules via DED domains, which leads to autoactivation of caspases.
- EF hand: a helix-turn-helix structural motif found in each structural domain of the signaling protein calmodulin and in the muscle protein troponin-C.
- Foldon domain: A small protein domain from fibritin in T4 bacteriophage that can cause proteins to trimerize.
- Immunoglobulin-like domains: found in proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). They contain about 70-110 amino acids and are classified into different categories (IgV, IgC1, IgC2 and IgI) according to their size and function. They possess a characteristic fold in which two beta sheets form a \"sandwich\" that is stabilized by interactions between conserved cysteines and other charged amino acids. They are important for protein--protein interactions in processes of cell adhesion, cell activation, and molecular recognition. These domains are commonly found in molecules with roles in the immune system.
- Phosphotyrosine-binding domain (PTB): PTB domains usually bind to phosphorylated tyrosine residues. They are often found in signal transduction proteins. PTB-domain binding specificity is determined by residues to the amino-terminal side of the phosphotyrosine. Examples: the PTB domains of both SHC and IRS-1 bind to a NPXpY sequence. PTB-containing proteins such as SHC and IRS-1 are important for insulin responses of human cells.
- Pleckstrin homology domain (PH): PH domains bind phosphoinositides with high affinity. Specificity for PtdIns(3)P, PtdIns(4)P, PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2, and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 have all been observed. Given the fact that phosphoinositides are sequestered to various cell membranes (due to their long lipophilic tail) the PH domains usually causes recruitment of the protein in question to a membrane where the protein can exert a certain function in cell signalling, cytoskeletal reorganization or membrane trafficking.
- Src homology 2 domain (SH2): SH2 domains are often found in signal transduction proteins. SH2 domains confer binding to phosphorylated tyrosine (pTyr). Named after the phosphotyrosine binding domain of the src viral oncogene, which is itself a tyrosine kinase. *See also*: SH3 domain.
- Zinc finger DNA-binding domain (ZnF_GATA): ZnF_GATA domain-containing proteins are typically transcription factors that usually bind to the DNA sequence \[AT\]GATA\[AG\] of promoters.
## Domains of unknown function {#domains_of_unknown_function}
A large fraction of domains are of unknown function. A **domain of unknown function** (DUF) is a protein domain that has no characterized function. These families have been collected together in the Pfam database using the prefix DUF followed by a number, with examples being DUF2992 and DUF1220. There are now over 3,000 DUF families within the Pfam database representing over 20% of known families. Surprisingly, the number of DUFs in Pfam has increased from 20% (in 2010) to 22% (in 2019), mostly due to an increasing number of new genome sequences. Pfam release 32.0 (2019) contained 3,961 DUFs
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# Greg Keagle
**Gregory Charles Keagle** (born June 28, 1971) is an American former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball (MLB) who played for the Detroit Tigers from `{{mlby|1996}}`{=mediawiki} to `{{mlby|1998}}`{=mediawiki}. He attended Horseheads High School in Horseheads, New York before attending Florida International University and Monroe Community College.
## Career
### The draft and minors {#the_draft_and_minors}
Keagle was selected in the sixth round, 170th overall, of the 1993 Major League Baseball Draft by the San Diego Padres. He was used almost entirely as a starter in the minors, appearing in only one game in relief before his first call to the majors. His first professional season in the Northwest League with the Spokane Indians was promising (3-3 record, 3.25 ERA), but the first half of his 1994 season was absolutely outstanding. He was 11-1 with a 2.05 ERA in 14 games for the Rancho Cucamonga Quakes and was named to the California League All-Star team. However, that success did not continue after he was promoted to the Double-A Wichita Wranglers, where he was 3-9 with a 6.27 ERA.
He remained in the Padres organization until September 17, 1995, when he was named as the player to be named later in a deal announced July 31 in which the Padres sent Andy Benes to the Seattle Mariners for Ron Villone and Marc Newfield.
In December of that year, the Tigers took him from the Mariners in the Rule 5 Draft.
### The majors {#the_majors}
Keagle was on the Tigers\' Opening Day roster in 1996, and he made his debut in their first game of the season, April 1. He pitched three innings in his first big league game, surrendering three hits, walking two and striking out two. He allowed one earned run. His first career strikeout victim was Chuck Knoblauch. He then struck out Rich Becker, who followed Knoblauch in the batting order.
Keagle did not have a very successful rookie season. In 26 games (six started), he posted a three and six record with an ERA of 7.39. He also walked 68 batters in 87+ innings of work.
He was used mostly as a starter in the final two seasons of his career, 1997 and 1998. He went three and eight combined in those final two years, posting a career best ERA of 5.59 in 1998. He did not average five innings a start in his final two seasons.
Perhaps the best game of his career came on September 12, 1997, against the Oakland Athletics. He threw seven fine innings of work, giving up only five hits, one run (a home run to Scott Spiezio) walking only one and striking out nine batters.
Overall, his career record was six and 16. He posted an ERA of 6.76, and in 171`{{fraction|2|3}}`{=mediawiki} innings of work, he walked 106 batters and struck out 128. He pitched in a total of 46 games in his career, starting exactly half of those. He hit a total of 18 batters in his career, or one every 9.53 innings of work.
He had only one career at bat, facing Denny Neagle of the Atlanta Braves on September 2, 1997, he struck out. He committed zero errors in his career, for a perfect 1.000 fielding percentage. He played his final big league game on May 26, 1998. He wore number 57 during his time in the majors.
### Back to the minors {#back_to_the_minors}
Although his major league career ended in 1998, his professional career lasted until 2005. He stayed in the Tigers\' organization in 1999, split time between the Anaheim Angels organization and the Elmira Pioneers in 2000, where he threw the first no-hitter in Pioneers history (and just one of three in Northeast League history). In 2001 and 2002, Keagle was a pitcher/coach for the Pioneers. He played in the Florida Marlins organization in all of 2003.
He last played in 2005 with the Elmira Pioneers of the Can-Am League.
### After pro baseball {#after_pro_baseball}
Since retiring from professional baseball, Keagle has coached for the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) Tigers. In 2010, he and Rob Grow, another RIT coach, started a youth baseball organization called the Grow2Pro Baseball Group. Keagle has also done color commentary for Rochester Red Wings live television broadcasts in Rochester, New York.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Greg Keagle currently resides in Pittsford, New York with his wife Danielle and their three children, Olivia, Jack, and Luke
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# Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Jena
**Johann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Jena** (28 March 1675 in Jena -- 4 November 1690 in Jena), was a duke of Saxe-Jena.
He was the youngest but sole surviving son of Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena by his wife Marie Charlotte, daughter of Henry de La Trémoille, 3rd Duke of Thouars, 2nd Duke of La Tremoille, and Prince of Talmond and Taranto.
## Life
When only three years old (1678) he succeeded his father as Duke of Saxe-Jena. In accordance with the testamentary instructions of his father, his uncle, Duke Johann Ernst II of Saxe-Weimar assumed his guardianship and the regency of the duchy; when he died in 1683, another uncle, Duke Johann Georg I of Saxe-Eisenach, assumed the regency. Three years later (1686), the new regent also died, and his cousin (son of the late Duke Johann Ernst II) and brother-in-law (he was married to his eldest and only surviving sister, Charlotte Marie) Duke Wilhelm Ernst of Saxe-Weimar was appointed to the regency.
As Johann Wilhelm lived only fifteen years and failed to reach adulthood, he never governed. With his death the line of the Dukes of Saxe-Jena had become extinct, and the duchy was divided between Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach
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# John Loughlin (political scientist)
**John Loughlin, FAcSS, FLSW**(born 1948) is a British-based academic and educator from Northern Ireland, and a noted specialist in European territorial politics.
## Career
Loughlin attended St Finian\'s Primary School followed by St. Malachy\'s College, Belfast. He then spent several years as a Cistercian monk at Portglenone Abbey where he carried out the usual studies for the priesthood in philosophy, theology and biblical studies.
From 1978-1982 he attended the Ulster Polytechnic from which he graduated with BA (Hons) in history and politics. He proceeded to the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, from which he was awarded a doctorate (Doctor of Political and Social Sciences) in 1987 for a thesis entitled *Regionalism and ethnic nationalism in France: a case study of Corsica*.
He returned to the Ulster University in 1985 where he remained for six years before moving to the Erasmus University of Rotterdam for four years. In 1995 he was appointed professor of European politics at the University of Cardiff. He was a Fellow of St Edmund\'s College where he directed the Von Hügel Institute until his retirement in September 2015. He was also a senior fellow and affiliated lecturer at the Department of Politics and International Studies of the University of Cambridge.
During his career he held a number of honorary positions at various institutions. These included:
- Visiting professor, St Mary\'s University, Twickenham, London (2017--present)
- Adjunct professor in Peace and Conflict Studies at Umeå University, Sweden (2010--2013)
- Maître de conférences, Université libre de Bruxelles (2009--2013)
- Professeur invité, Institut d\'Etudes Politiques d\'Aix-en-Provence (2004--2010)
- Visiting research fellow, Merton College Oxford University, 2004 (currently member of the Senior Common Room)
- European Studies Centre Visiting Research Fellow at St Antony\'s College Oxford University, 2005--06 (currently member of the Senior Common Room)
- Distinguished visiting research fellow at the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences in Queen Mary, University of London, 2009
- Visiting scholar of the Residential Colloquium at the Center of Theological Inquiry (founded by Princeton Theological Seminary but now an independent research institute), 2010
## Memberships
- Oblate of the Order of St Benedict (OSB Obl.) of Prinknash Abbey, Gloucesteshire, United Kingdom
- Catholic Writers Guild, United Kingdom 2012
## Awards
- Honorary doctorate, University of Umeå, Sweden (October 2009) \"in recognition of his contribution to research in the field of European politics and territorial governance\".
- Officier, Ordre des Palmes Académiques, France (2010) \"in recognition of his research on European politics and his contribution to French language and culture\".
- Honorary professor, Cardiff University (2010--2015)
- Chaire Ganshof van der Meersch, Université libre de Bruxelles (2013--14)
- Entry into Who\'s Who UK -- 2013
- Fellow, Royal Historical Society -- 2009
- Fellow, Royal Society of Arts -- 2009--2016
- Fellow, Academy of Social Sciences -- 2010
- Fellow, European Academy of Sciences and Arts -- 2013
- Fellow, Learned Society of Wales -- 2014
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# John Loughlin (political scientist)
## Publications
He is the author of the authoritative *Oxford Handbook of Local and Regional Democracy in Europe*, and numerous other books and conference proceedings, published in several languages.
### Books
- (Edited with Mark Callanan) \'A Research Agenda for Regional and Local Government\'Edward Elgar, 2021 `{{ISBN|9781839106637}}`{=mediawiki}
- (Edited with Sandrina Antunes) \'Europeanization and Territorial Politics in Small European Unitary States: A Comparative Analysis\' Routledge, 2020 `{{ISBN|9780367629632}}`{=mediawiki}
- (editor) \'Human Dignity in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition: Catholic, Orthodox, Anglican and Orthodox Perspectives\' Bloomsbury Press, 2019 `{{ISBN|9781350073692}}`{=mediawiki}
- (edited with John Kincaid and Wilfried Swenden)\'Routledge Handbook of Regionalism & Federalism\', London: Routledge, 2013 `{{ISBN|9780367581879}}`{=mediawiki}
- (edited with Frank Hendriks and Anders Lidstrom), *The Oxford Handbook of Local and Regional Democracy in Europe* Oxford University Press, 2010; paperback 2011, `{{ISBN|9780199562978}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Subnational Government: the French Experience* (Macmillan Palgrave, 2007) In 263 libraries according to
- (with Mirela Bogdani) *Albania and the European Union: The Tumultuous Journey to Integration and Accession*, (London: IB Tauris, 2007)
- *Subnational Democracy in the European Union: Challenges and Opportunities* (Oxford University Press, hardcover 2001; paperback 2004)
- (with M. Keating and K. Deschouwer), *Culture, Institutions and Regional Development: a Study of Eight European Regions*, (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2003)
- (edited with Kris Deschouwer), *The Transformation of Territorial Governance in the 21st Century*, (Brussels: Flemish Academy of Belgium for Arts and Sciences, 2007)
- (edited with David Hanley), *Spanish Political Parties*, (Cardiff: Wales University Press, 2006)
- (edited with Alain Delcamp), *La décentralisation dans les Etats de l\'Union européenne*, Coll. Les Etudes, (Paris: La Documentation Française, 2003, 2ième édition)
- (edited with Claude Olivesi and F. Daftary), *Autonomies Insulaires: vers une politique de différence pour la Corse* (Ajaccio: Albiana, 1999)
- *Regional and local democracy in the European Union* Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1999
- also published in German as *Die regionale und lokale Demokratie in der Europäischen Union* 1999
- Also published in Danish as: *Det regionale og lokale demokrati i Den Europæiske Union.* Luxembourg: Kontoret for De Europæiske Fællesskabers Officielle Publikationer, 1999
- also published in Dutch as *Regionale en lokale democratie in de Europese Unie* 1999
- also published in French as *Démocratie locale et régionale dans l\'Union européenne* 1999
- also published in Portuguese as *A democracia regional e local na União Européia* 1999
- also published in Italian as *La democrazia regionale e locale nell\'Unione europea.* 1999
- (edited with Michael Keating), *The Political Economy of Regionalism* (London: Routledge, 1997)
- (edited with Sonia Mazey), *The End of the French Unitary State? Ten Years of Regionalization in France* (London: Frank Cass Ltd., 1995)
- (edited with Arenilla Saez and T. Toonen) *Europa de las Regiones: una Perspectiva Intergubernatal* (Granada: University of Granada, 1994)
- (edited) *Southern Europe Studies Guide* (Bowker Saur Ltd, London, UK, 1993)
- Review, by Richard Gillespie *West European politics.* 18, no. 2, (1995): 457
- (edited with M. Connolly) *Public Policy in Northern Ireland: Adoption or adaptation?* (Belfast: Policy Research Institute, 1990)
### Periodical special issues {#periodical_special_issues}
- (Guest editor with David Hanley), *Religion et Politique*, (Revue de Science Politique de l'Europe Méridionale. No. 17; Nov. 2002)
### Peer-reviewed periodical articles (selected) {#peer_reviewed_periodical_articles_selected}
- \"\'Europe of the Regions\' and the Federalization of Europe\". 1996 *Publius*, pp 141--162
- (with Anders Lidstrom, and Chris Hudson. 2005. \"The Politics of Local Income Tax in Sweden: Reform and Continuity\". *Local Government Studies.* 31, no. 3: 351
- \"Reconfiguring the State: Trends in Territorial Governance in European States\" (2007) *Regional &; Federal Studies.* 17, no
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# Steve Mokone
**Stephen Madi Mokone** OIG (23 March 1932 -- 19 March 2015) was a South African footballer who was the first black South African player to play in a professional European league.
He was nicknamed *The Black Meteor* and *Kalamazoo*.
## Early years {#early_years}
Mokone was born in Doornfontein, a suburb of Johannesburg, but his family moved to Sophiatown before settling in Kilnerton in Pretoria.
## Club career {#club_career}
Mokone attracted much attention in his native South Africa, making his debut for a South Africa Black XI at the age of just 16. The Durban Bush Bucks player was close to signing for English side Newcastle United but for the intervention of his father, who wished him to continue his studies. Mokone began his professional career in 1955 with English side Coventry City, where he made four league appearances, scoring one goal in the process. Although his stay at Coventry was a short one, he was the first Black footballer to play for them in the Football League. He later played in the Netherlands with Heracles Almelo, for whom he scored twice at his debut and won the 1958 Tweede Divisie title to become a club legend. He was the first foreign professional player in Dutch football. A stand in Heracles\' Polman Stadion is named after him.
He later joined Cardiff City, making a goalscoring debut on the opening day of the 1959--60 season on 22 August 1959 during a 3--2 victory over Liverpool. He made just two more league appearances for the side, before being signed in 1959 by Spanish side FC Barcelona. However, because Barcelona had filled their quota of foreign players, he was loaned to French side Marseille. Mokone later played in Italy for Torino and in Spain for Valencia CF, before finishing his career in Canada in the Eastern Canada Professional Soccer League with the Hamilton Steelers, where he served as a player-coach, and in Australia with Sunshine George Cross.
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# Steve Mokone
## After football {#after_football}
In 1964 Mokone moved to the United States. There he was convicted and imprisoned for separate felony assaults committed in 1977 against his then wife, Joyce Maaga Mokone, and the 34-year-old female attorney who was representing Joyce Mokone in divorce and custody proceedings at the time. On 31 October 1978, Mokone pleaded guilty in Superior Court of Middlesex County New Jersey to the crime of atrocious assault for having personally attacked his wife with lye on 20 November 1977. He was subsequently sentenced to serve between 8 and 12 years in New Jersey State Prison. In 1980 Mokone stood trial in New York County, New York, accused of having orchestrated an attack on his wife\'s lawyer, Ann Boylan Rogers, in which sulfuric acid was thrown in her face outside her home in Manhattan on 8 October 1977. Rogers was left seriously disfigured and blind in one eye. Mokone was found guilty of Assault in the First Degree in May 1980 and later sentenced to serve 5 to 15 years in New York State Prison after having completed his New Jersey sentence. He was released from custody in August 1990. Mokone consistently denied his guilt and claimed that he had been specifically targeted due to his links to the left-wing, anti-apartheid ANC, who were considered a terrorist group by the CIA. Tom Egbers, in investigating the case, noted the specific and suspicious interference of both the CIA and the FBI and the leading of witnesses by the police.
In 1996, he founded the Kalamazoo South African Foundation. Dutch sports journalist Tom Egbers wrote a novel based on Mokone, which was made into a movie in 2000; both novel and movie are called *The Black Meteor* (*De Zwarte Meteoor*).
Mokone died in Washington on 19 March 2015, aged 82
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# Francisco Navarro
**Francisco Navarro Alvarado** was Vice President of Nicaragua from January 1937 to March 1939, under presidency of Anastasio Somoza García. He was elected in 1936 Nicaraguan general election and lost the position when the vice-presidency was abolished in 1939.
Navarro married Lucia Richardson, daughter of William Blaney Richardson and Rosaura Ojeda, and the aunt of New Mexico governor Bill Richardson.
His son Ernesto \"Tito\" Navarro Richardson was Labor Minister under Anastasio Somoza Debayle. His grandson Alejandro Fiallos Navarro was executive president of *Empresa Portuaria Nacional*, the Nicaraguan port authority. Alejandro\'s brother Francisco was Nicaraguan Ambassador to the United States in the early 1980s
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# Sharm El Sheikh (song)
**Sharm El Sheikh** is an Israeli song that commemorates the capture of Sharm El Sheikh during the Six-Day War. The song was sung by Yoel Dan and written by Dan, Ran Eliran, and Amos Ettinger.
## History
It was the Six-Day War of the Arabs against the Israelis in June 1967. The Israeli public feared a dramatic defeat. Ran Eliran volunteered at the start of the war to entertain the troops. On the road between one performance for the military to another in the Sinai Desert, the song Sharm El Sheikh was born.
Eliran earned a gold record. It was not only heard and enjoyed in Israel, but in the United States as well. It is a commonly used melody for the hymn \"Adon Olam
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# My Curse (song)
\"**My Curse**\" is a song by American metalcore band Killswitch Engage, the song is released as the first single from their fourth album *As Daylight Dies*. It reached #21 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, surpassing the band\'s last breakthrough single \"The End of Heartache\". The music video was directed by Lex Halaby, who has also directed videos for Hoobastank and Mudvayne. It is also one of the band\'s most well known songs.
## Music video {#music_video}
### Description
In the music video, the vast majority of the lyrics are sung cleanly (not screamed), however on the album much of the lyrics including the chorus are screamed. The music video opens in a golden field with hills in the background, focusing on a woman in a white dress with the sun shining bright in the serene blue sky. Numerous stacks of books are also present in the field; some are scattered and messily thrown about, some have insects crawling on the pages. The woman is also shown lying on top of the books.
One book in particular is picked up as the scene transitions to a man dressed in black in a small, dimly lit study with only a little sunlight shining through the slightly open drapes; the mood of the room juxtaposes the mood of the bright and open field. As he flips through the book, Howard Jones is shown singing, and then the rest of the band members appear playing their instruments. The mysterious man in black continues to pull books from the shelves and continues to flip through them; whenever the contents of a book are shown, members of Killswitch Engage are shown.
The man gazes upon an empty bookcase as the scene transitions again to the field. The woman in white and the stacks of books are shown again.
The man, still in his dimly lit room, begins to return the books to the bookcase, and unrolls a large sheet of paper that contains plans for the arrangement of the books on the bookcase. The man painstakingly reorganizes the books on the shelf according to his messily drawn plans. Still, all the while books are shown being flipped through, exposing the band singing or playing their instruments, and the man continues to draw plans and scribble out sections of the bookcase. He stares out of the window and then sits on a chair, presumably thinking of the woman standing in the field.
The empty bookcase in the field continues to stand before the rolling hills and bright blue sky. The case is then shown completely filled with the organized books, and the scene shifts back to the man whose eyes then look back up, staring at a vacant section of the bookcase. His head turns to look at a black book with the letters \"KSE\" (which stands for Killswitch Engage) printed on the cover and spine. He retrieves the book, causing other books to fall, and flips through it. This time, it is the woman who is seen in the pages staring back at the man. The man places the book in the vacant space on the shelf, at which point white beams of light emit from the shelf as the man steps backward.
When he removes the KSE book, he is able to peer through the bookcase and into the yellow field and see the woman. He reaches out through the bookcase and into the field, and the woman in the white dress takes his hand. The dark study is now empty with a vibrant light glaring through the empty section of the bookcase. The man in black is now lying in the field next to the woman in white as they gaze into each other\'s eyes; they are then seen standing side by side, staring off into the blue sky beyond the hills.
The man in black is then seen back in the study, lying dead under the fallen bookcase and atop a scattered stack of books on the floor, holding the KSE book, which falls from his hand. The plans are shown once more with a bold red circle around an \"X\" at the center of the bookcase where the KSE book was previously placed as the video fades to black.
## In popular culture {#in_popular_culture}
- The song is featured in the videogames *Burnout Dominator* along with *Burnout Paradise*, *Guitar Hero III: Legends of Rock*, *Sleeping Dogs* and as downloadable content for *Rock Band* as part of the \"Roadrunner 6 Pack\".
- The song was used as the entrance song for Tim Hague at UFC 102
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# WZJZ
**WZJZ** (100.1 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Port Charlotte, Florida, and broadcasting to the Fort Myers--Southwest Florida media market. WZJZ is owned by iHeartMedia and airs a hybrid Latin pop and adult contemporary music format branded as \"Magic 100.1\".
The station\'s studios and offices are on Metro Parkway in Fort Myers, and its transmitter is off Horseshoe Road in Punta Gorda.
## History
### Disco and smooth jazz {#disco_and_smooth_jazz}
In 1976, the station first signed on at 100.1 MHz in Port Charlotte. It had the call sign WEEJ with an effective radiated power of 3,000 watts. It began with an all disco format. Through most of the 1980s it had an adult contemporary format until switching formats various times through the 1990s. In 2003, it took the callsign WCKT as \"Cat Country 100.\"
On March 21, 2007, when it was a smooth jazz station, WZJZ moved from 107.1 FM to 100.1 FM, swapping frequencies with co-owned country music station WCKT. WCKT is now heard at 107.1, while WZJZ continues at 100.1. This gave WZJZ sizable signal improvements to the north of Fort Myers, going from Class A to Class C, while also reducing signal redundancy for the country format, as Clear Channel also owns another country station, 92.9 WIKX, in the Port Charlotte area.
### Z100
On March 29, 2009, at midnight, WZJZ began to repeatedly play the same portion of the song \"I Like to Move It\" by Reel 2 Real as a stunt in preparation for a format change. The new station was slated to be called Move 100.1. On March 30, 2009, WZJZ flipped to an upbeat rhythmic adult contemporary format and adopted the \"Z100\" moniker. Its logo was patterned after its Top 40 sister stations KKRZ in Portland, Oregon, and WHTZ in New York, New York.
### Y100
On July 25, 2011, after a weekend of stunting, WZJZ flipped to Top 40/CHR, using the moniker *Y100*, even though there is no \"Y\" in the call letters. The station\'s format and logo were patterned after its sister station in nearby Miami, WHYI, but customized for Southwest Floridians. The flip to Top 40 gave iHeartMedia two Top 40 stations in the Fort Myers market, along with rhythmic contemporary WBTT. In 2013, WZJZ once again switched its logo to match WHYI, but with some slight differences.
On March 24, 2016, at midnight, WZJZ tweaked its format to Hot AC and rebranded as \"Y100.1\".
### Magic 100.1 {#magic_100.1}
On January 12, 2024 at 5 a.m., after playing \"Enemy\" by Imagine Dragons, WZJZ shifted to a hybrid format consisting of both Spanish and English-language adult contemporary music (with the imaging of the station done entirely in Spanish), branded as \"Magic 100.1\" (the first song under the format being \"The Best\" by Tina Turner), mirroring a similar move at iHeart-owned WMIA-FM across the state in Miami; the move is an attempt to mimic the success WMIA had following its own launch the previous November
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# Lambeth CPCG
**Lambeth Community Police Consultative Group** is a community policing group for the London Borough of Lambeth. It provides a forum for consultation between the police and community in Lambeth. As well as monthly public meetings it provides community observers to specific police operations, to police training programmes and to day to day policing activity.
It was the first Community Police Consultative Group to follow from the Scarman report into the Brixton riot (1981), being established in 1982 with the participation of the then home secretary, Willie Whitelaw
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# Indica (Argentine band)
**Índica** is an Argentine psychedelic rock band formed in the 2006 in Buenos Aires, Argentina by Rubén Farzati and David Vera. The band is named after a counterculture art gallery of the late 60s, Indica Gallery, located in Masons Yard, London, England.
## History
Rubén Farzati and David Vera formed Indica to form a unique and personal musical project, trying to generate a space unexisting in the musical scenario. By the end of 2006, Índica decided to independently edit its first album called "Liebe" and starts a tour of concerts until the year 2008 when the band caught the people and several musical producers attention. In a concert in "La Trastienda" organized by Sonica/Speedy for the "selection of bands" for the Pepsi Music 2008, Índica met the music and producer Daniel Melero, who delighted with this unknown band\'s music, decided to record and produce them. Due to the great musical impact Índica generated in the "selection of bands", it is selected finalist and performs in the megafestival Pepsi Music 2008, obtaining also a discographic contract with "Arroz Discos" and its distribution by Sony Music.
## Members
Line-up:
- **Rubén Farzati** - Lead vocals, Guitar
- **David Vera** - Lead vocals, Bass
- **Guillermo Rodríguez** - Guitar
- **Matías Gallipoli** - drums
### Past members {#past_members}
- **Pablo Fabregat** - Guitar
- **Gastón Del Popolo** - drums
- **Walter Von Specht** - Guitar
## Discography
### Albums
- *Liebe* - 2006
- *Virgen de electrones* - 2009 / Arroz Discos (ARG) / PopArt (ARG) / Sony Music (ARG)
- *Octonírico* - 2015 / RED (ARG) / Ultrapop (ARG)
### Singles
- \"Astrolab\" - 2009
- \"En Trance\" - 2009
- \"Cassius Clay\" - 2009
- \"Amanecer Solo\" - 2009
- \"Próximo recuerdo\" - 2015
- \"S.O.S
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# One Europe Magazine
***One Europe Magazine*** (also known as *OEM*) was an independent European students\' magazine, written by AEGEE members (not to be confused with the modern organisation called -OneEurope), which used to act as an international forum for discussions about the variety of different opinions on political, historical and cultural themes within Europe.
## History and profile {#history_and_profile}
*OEM* was established in Paris in 1985. The magazine was published three times a year. Its goal was to establish a platform for ideas, visions, different models of European integration and to encourage discussion about general topics relevant to Europe\'s future. The magazine also covered issues that are very relevant within the main fields of action of AEGEE, active citizenship in particular. On the other hand, it was not affiliated to any political party or religious group
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# Peter Lipton
**Peter Lipton** (October 9, 1954 -- November 25, 2007) was the Hans Rausing Professor and Head of the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at Cambridge University, and a fellow of King\'s College, until his unexpected death in November 2007. According to his obituary on the Cambridge web site, he was \"recognized as one of the leading philosophers of science and epistemologists in the world.\"
## Career
Lipton was an undergraduate at Wesleyan University and a graduate student at Oxford University. Before coming to Cambridge, he taught at Clark University and Williams College. He was a member of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics and chaired the working party that produced *Pharmacogenetics: Ethical Issues*. He was also on the AskPhilosophers panel. In 2004, Lipton had the honour of being the Medawar Prize Lecturer of the Royal Society.
Lipton\'s research interests focused on the philosophy of science, including topics such as explanation, inference, testing, theory change, laws of nature, and scientific realism. Lipton\'s research in philosophy of science led him to do work in other related areas of philosophy; in epistemology, Lipton also investigated the philosophy of induction and testimony. Likewise in philosophy of mind Lipton researched notions of mental content and the mind-body problem.
He was a member of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics (2003--2007).
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Lipton lived with his wife Diana and two sons Jonah and Jacob. He was a self-confessed \"religious atheist\" and \"progressive Jew\"; he held that he could follow the customs and culture of a Jewish lifestyle, and use the teachings of Judaism to help him tackle moral problems in life, without simultaneously believing in the metaphysics of such a religion (such as the existence of God).
On 25 November 2007, Lipton suffered a fatal heart attack after playing a game of squash. He was succeeded in his capacity as Head of Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge by Professor John Forrester.
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# Peter Lipton
## Selected publications {#selected_publications}
- \"Wouldn\'t It Be Lovely: Explanation and Scientific Realism\", *Metascience* 14, 3 (2006) 331-361. (Review Symposium on the second edition of Inference to the Best Explanation, with James Ladyman, Igor Douven and Bas van Fraassen.)
- \"Science and Religion: The Immersion Solution\", in Andrew Moore & Michael Scott (eds) *Realism and Religion: Philosophical and Theological Perspectives* (Ashgate, forthcoming).
- \"Waiting for Hume\", in Marina Frasca-Spada & P.J.E. Kail (eds) *Impressions of Hume*, Oxford University Press, 2005, 59-76.
- \"The Truth about Science\", *Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society* B 360 (2005), 1259-1269.
- \"Testing Hypotheses: Prediction and Prejudice\", *Science* 307 (14 January 2005), 219-221.
- *Inference to the Best Explanation*, Routledge, 1991; expanded second edition, 2004. `{{ISBN|0-415-24202-9}}`{=mediawiki}.
- \"Epistemic Options\", *Philosophical Studies* 121 (2004) 147-158.
- \"What Good is an Explanation?\", in G. Hon & S. Rackover (eds.), *Explanation: Theoretical Approaches*, Kluwer, 2001, 43-59. Reprinted in J. Cornwell (ed.) Understanding Explanation, Oxford University Press, 2004, 1-22.
- \"Genetic and Generic Determinism: A New Threat to Free Will?\", in D. Rees and S. Rose (eds.) *Perils and Prospects of the New Brain Sciences* (CUP, 2004).
- \"The Reach of the Law\", *Philosophical Books*, 43, 4, October 2002, 254-260.
- \"Quests of a Realist\", *Metascience*, 10, 3 (2001), 347-353.
- \"The History of Empiricism\", *International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioural Sciences*, Pergamon, 2001, 4481-4485.
- \"Is Explanation a Guide to Inference?\", in G. Hon and S. Rackover (eds.), *Explanation: Theoretical Approaches*, Kluwer, 2001, 93-120.
- \"Inference to the Best Explanation\", in W.H. Newton-Smith (ed.), *A Companion to the Philosophy of Science*, Blackwell, 2000, 184-193.
- \"Tracking Track Records\", *Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society*, Supplementary Volume LXXIV (2000), 179-205.
- \"The Epistemology of Testimony\", *Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science* 29A (1998), 1-31.
- \"All Else Being Equal\", *Philosophy* 74 (1999), 155-168.
- \"Binding the Mind\", in J. Cornwell (ed.), *Consciousness and Human Identity*, Oxford University Press, 1998, 212-224.
- \"Cambridge Contributions to the Philosophy of Science\", in S. Ormrod (ed.), *Cambridge Contributions*, Cambridge University Press, 1998, 122-142.
- \"Is the Best Good Enough?\", *Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society* XCIII (1993), 89-104; reprinted in D. Papineau (ed.), Philosophy of Science, Oxford Readings in Philosophy, Oxford University Press, 1996.
- \"Popper and Reliabilism\", in A. O\"Hear (ed.), *Karl Popper: Philosophy and Problems*, Royal Institute of Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, 1995, 31-43.
- \"Making a Difference\", *Philosophica*, Vol. 51, No. 1, 1993, 39-54. Reprinted in Revue Roumaine de Philosophie, 38, 3.4, 1994, 291-303.
- \"Contrastive Explanation\", in D. Knowles (ed.), *Explanation and its Limits*, Cambridge University Press, 1990, 247-266; reprinted in D. Ruben (ed.), Explanation, Oxford Readings in Philosophy, Oxford University Press, 1993.
- \"Causation Outside the Law\", in H. Gross & T.R. Harrison (eds.), *Jurisprudence: Cambridge Essays*, Oxford University Press, 1992, 127-148
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# Route nationale 23
The **Route nationale 23** (N23) is a trunk road (nationale) in western France.
## Reclassification
Since the re-classification of roads in 2006 much of the old N23 has been downgraded as follows: In Eure-et-Loir as the RD 923, in Orne as the RD 923, Sarthe as the RD 323, in Maine-et-Loire as the RD 323 between Sarthe and Angers, after Angers is numbered the RD 723 to the department Loire-Atlantique where it is also the RD 723.
## Route
Chartres - Angers - Nantes
### Chartres to Angers (0 km to 210 km) {#chartres_to_angers_0_km_to_210_km}
The road starts in the cathedral city of Chartres with a junction with the Route nationale 10. The road heads west crossing the city\'s ring road the N123 and N154 to Rouen.
The road passes the town of Courville-sur-Eure. The road then skirts the south of *Foret de Champrond* entering the Parc Nationale du Perche. The road has a junction with the RD928 and heads south west to Nogent-le-Rotrou. The road by-passes the town to the west and thereafter is now numbered the RD923. The road follows the valley of the River Huisne.
The road comes to the town of La Ferté-Bernard. Continuing south west the road crosses the A11 autoroute. The road passes the town of Connerre. The road then comes to a junction with the N157 (to Orleans) and A28 autoroute. The road then skirts the south east of Le Mans crossing the River Sarthe.
The road passes through wooded countryside to the town of La Flèche. The road then crosses the A11 again. The N23 joins the A11 again just east of Angers.
### Angers to Nantes (210 km to 298 km) {#angers_to_nantes_210_km_to_298_km}
The road crosses the River Maine and heads west. The road now follows the north bank of the River Loire. The road passes through the town of Ancenis. An Ancenis bypass is under construction. The road continues to the town of Nantes
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# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
This is a list in alphabetical order of cricketers who have played for Somerset County Cricket Club in top-class matches from 1882 to 1885 inclusive and then continuously from 1891. Founded in 1875, the club held minor status until 1881 and again from 1886 to 1890. Somerset is classified as an important team by substantial sources from 1882 to 1885 and from 1891 to 1894; classified as an official first-class team from 1895 by Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and the County Championship clubs; classified as a List A team since the beginning of limited overs cricket in 1963. and classified as a first-class Twenty20 team since the inauguration of the Twenty20 Cup in 2003. Note that there is disagreement in the sources about the status of certain Somerset matches before 1882.
The details are the player\'s usual name followed by the years in which he was active as a Somerset player. Seasons given are first and last seasons; the player did not necessarily play in all the intervening seasons. Note that many players represented other top-class teams besides Somerset. Current players are shown as active to the latest season in which they played for the club. The list excludes Second XI and other players who did not play for the club\'s first team; and players whose first team appearances were in minor matches only. Click on the \'CA\' to access the [Cricket Archive](https://cricketarchive.com) entry for the player. For List A and Twenty20 players who did not represent Somerset in first-class cricket, see the appropriate sections below.
## A
- Aamer Sohail (2001) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2031/2031.html)
- Abdur Rehman (2012--2015) 13 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/10/10318/10318.html)
- Tom Abell (2014--2024) 125 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/385/385068/385068.html)
- Edmund Adams (1935) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3399/3399.html)
- Kasey Aldridge (2021--2024) 27 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1865/1865466/1865466.html)
- Charlie Alison (1902--1905) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3400/3400.html)
- Jim Allenby (2015--2017) 32 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/45/45498/45498.html)
- Bill Alley (1957--1968) 350 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3401/3401.html)
- Granny Alston (1933) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3402/3402.html)
- Joe Ambler (1883) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3403/3403.html)
- Stanley Amor (1908--1930) 26 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3404/3404.html)
- Gareth Andrew (2003--2005) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/10/10685/10685.html)
- Bill Andrews (1930--1947) 226 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3405/3405.html)
- Les Angell (1947--1956) 132 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3406/3406.html)
- Richard Ashley (1932) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3407/3407.html)
- Colin Atkinson (1960--1967) 163 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3408/3408.html)
- Graham Atkinson (1954--1966) 271 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3409/3409.html)
- Jon Atkinson (1985--1989) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3410/3410.html)
- Azhar Ali (2018--2021) 20 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/11/11321/11321.html)
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# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## B
- Babar Azam (2019) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/166/166944/166944.html)
- Abbas Ali Baig (1960--1962) 23 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1113/1113.html)
- Paul Bail (1985--1986) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3411/3411.html)
- Alfred Bailey (1900--1911) 40 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3412/3412.html)
- Cyril Baily (1902) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3413/3413.html)
- Frederick Baitup (1924) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3414/3414.html)
- Prince Bajana (1912--1920) 51 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3415/3415.html)
- Cameron Bancroft (2023) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/487/487928/487928.html)
- Edward Baker (1921) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3416/3416.html)
- John Baker (1952--1954) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3417/3417.html)
- William Baldock (1920--1936) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3418/3418.html)
- Edgar Ball (1914) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3419/3419.html)
- Jake Ball (2024) 6 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/370/370199/370199.html)
- Cecil Banes-Walker (1914) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3420/3420.html)
- Omari Banks (2009) 6 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/17/17514/17514.html)
- Percy Banks (1903--1908) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3421/3421.html)
- Tom Banton (2018--2024) 42 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1130/1130413/1130413.html)
- Charles Barlow (1925--1926) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3422/3422.html)
- George Barne (1904) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3423/3423.html)
- John Barnwell (1935--1948) 69 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3424/3424.html)
- Michael Barnwell (1967--1968) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3425/3425.html)
- Alexander Barrett (1896) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3426/3426.html)
- Alex Barrow (2011--2016) 40 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/370/370128/370128.html)
- Ezra Bartlett (1894--1895) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3427/3427.html)
- George Bartlett (2017--2023) 55 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1136/1136583/1136583.html)
- Ricky Bartlett (1986--1992) 50 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3428/3428.html)
- Terry Barwell (1959--1968) 43 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3429/3429.html)
- Shoaib Bashir (2023--2024) 10 matches [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.com/Surrey/Players/2230/2230878/2230878.html)
- Edward Bastard (1883--1885) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3430/3430.html)
- Michael Bates (2015) 6 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/200/200045/200045.html)
- Jeremy Batty (1995--1996) 20 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3431/3431.html)
- David Beal (1991) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3432/3432.html)
- Leslie Bean (1929) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3433/3433.html)
- Charles Bennett (1902) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3434/3434.html)
- Michael Bennett (1928--1939) 109 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3435/3435.html)
- Charles Bernard (1896--1901) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3436/3436.html)
- William Berry (1926) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3437/3437.html)
- Dom Bess (2016--2023) 27 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/995/995534/995534.html)
- Arthur Bezer (1914) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3438/3438.html)
- Ken Biddulph (1955--1961) 91 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3439/3439.html)
- Paul Bird (1994) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3440/3440.html)
- Bert Bisgood (1907--1921) 67 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3441/3441.html)
- Eustace Bisgood (1909) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3442/3442.html)
- Charles Bishop (1920--1921) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3443/3443.html)
- Ian Bishop (1996) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3444/3444.html)
- Ian Blackwell (2000--2008) 120 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7025/7025.html)
- Guy Blaikie (1921--1923) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3445/3445.html)
- Algernon Bligh (1922--1926) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3446/3446.html)
- Rayner Blitz (1986) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3447/3447.html)
- Frank Bolus (1893--1894) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3448/3448.html)
- Stephen Booth (1983--1985) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3449/3449.html)
- Ian Botham (1974--1986) 172 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1529/1529.html)
- Nicholas Boulton (1997) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7176/7176.html)
- Gerald Boundy (1926--1930) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3450/3450.html)
- Alfred Bowerman (1900--1905) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3451/3451.html)
- Peter Bowler (1995--2004) 160 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2409/2409.html)
- Charles Bowring (1913) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3452/3452.html)
- Len Braund (1899--1920) 281 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/252/252.html)
- Dennis Breakwell (1973--1983) 165 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3453/3453.html)
- Jimmy Bridges (1911--1929) 214 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3454/3454.html)
- Ben Brocklehurst (1952--1954) 64 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3455/3455.html)
- Dickie Brooks (1968) 26 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3456/3456.html)
- Jack Brooks (2019--2023) 32 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/67/67136/67136.html)
- Colin Brown (1902--1905) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3457/3457.html)
- Leigh Brownlee (1902) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3458/3458.html)
- James Bryant (2003) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/6/6311/6311.html)
- Eric Bryant (1958--1960) 22 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3459/3459.html)
- Michael Bryant (1982) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3460/3460.html)
- Bill Buck (1969) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3461/3461.html)
- Paddy Bucklan (1948) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3462/3462.html)
- John Bucknell (1895--1905) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3463/3463.html)
- Matthew Bulbeck (1998--2002) 47 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7177/7177.html)
- William Bunce (1936--1937) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3464/3464.html)
- Graham Burgess (1966--1979) 252 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3465/3465.html)
- William Burgess (1921--1922) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3466/3466.html)
- James Burke (2012) 1 match [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/176/176357/176357.html)
- Mike Burns (1997--2005) 134 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4224/4224.html)
- Neil Burns (1987--1993) 150 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3467/3467.html)
- George Burrington (1901--1902) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3468/3468.html)
- Humphrey Burrington (1903--1905) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3469/3469.html)
- George Burrough (1936) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3470/3470.html)
- Dickie Burrough (1927--1947) 171 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3471/3471.html)
- William Burrough (1906) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3472/3472.html)
- Bertie Buse (1929--1953) 304 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3473/3473.html)
- George Butler (1920) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3474/3474.html)
- Cecil Buttle (1926--1928) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3475/3475.html)
- Jos Buttler (2009--2013) 48 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/136/136065/136065.html)
- Eddie Byrom (2017--2021) 28 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1382/1382271/1382271.html)
| 627 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 1 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## C
- Andy Caddick (1991--2009) 191 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2085/2085.html)
- Bill Caesar (1946) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3476/3476.html)
- John Cameron (1932--1947) 48 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/723/723.html)
- Charlie Carter (1968--1969) 26 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3477/3477.html)
- Tom Cartwright (1970--1976) 101 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1232/1232.html)
- Box Case (1925--1935) 255 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3478/3478.html)
- Fred Castle (1946--1949) 23 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3479/3479.html)
- John Challen (1884--1899) 52 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3480/3480.html)
- Greg Chappell (1968--1969) 52 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1364/1364.html)
- Piyush Chawla (2013) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/61/61458/61458.html)
- Harry Chidgey (1900--1921) 98 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3481/3481.html)
- Albert Clapp (1885--1895) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3482/3482.html)
- Bob Clapp (1972--1977) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3483/3483.html)
- Seymour Clark (1930) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3484/3484.html)
- Vince Clarke (1994) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3485/3485.html)
- Tony Clarkson (1966--1971) 104 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3486/3486.html)
- Geoff Clayton (1965--1967) 89 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3487/3487.html)
- Matthew Cleal (1988--1989) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3488/3488.html)
- Brian Close (1971--1977) 142 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/858/858.html)
- Terence Cole (1922) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3489/3489.html)
- Edward Collings (1921--1925) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3490/3490.html)
- Boris Collingwood (1953) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3491/3491.html)
- Edward Compton (1894--1907) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3492/3492.html)
- Nick Compton (2010--2014) 67 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/44/44044/44044.html)
- Jack Conibere (1950) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3493/3493.html)
- Ulick Considine (1919--1935) 89 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3494/3494.html)
- Devon Conway (2021) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/389/389099/389099.html)
- Jimmy Cook (1989--1991) 71 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2057/2057.html)
- William Cookson (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3495/3495.html)
- Robert Coombs (1985--1986) 13 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3496/3496.html)
- Miles Coope (1947--1949) 70 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3497/3497.html)
- Richard Cooper (1972) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3498/3498.html)
- Tom Cooper (2015) 14 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/90/90181/90181.html)
- Andy Cottam (1992--1996) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3499/3499.html)
- Geof Courtenay (1947) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3500/3500.html)
- Peter Courtenay (1934) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3501/3501.html)
- David Cox (1969) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3502/3502.html)
- Jamie Cox (1999--2004) 91 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2460/2460.html)
- Fred Coyle (1903--1905) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3503/3503.html)
- Beaumont Cranfield (1897--1908) 125 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3504/3504.html)
- Lionel Cranfield (1906) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3505/3505.html)
- Humphrey Critchley-Salmonson (1910--1928) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3506/3506.html)
- Alfred Crowder (1908) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3507/3507.html)
- Martin Crowe (1984--1988) 48 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1668/1668.html)
- Thomas Crump (1885) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3508/3508.html)
- Dan Cullen (2006) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/45/45798/45798.html)
- Alec Cunningham (1930) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3509/3509.html)
- John Currie (1953) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3510/3510.html)
| 346 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 2 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## D
- John Daniell (1898--1927) 287 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3511/3511.html)
- Clive Davey (1953--1955) 13 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3512/3512.html)
- Josh Davey (2015--2024) 63 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/356/356942/356942.html)
- Philip Davey (1934--1937) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3513/3513.html)
- Ryan Davies (2016) 15 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/994/994988/994988.html)
- Steven Davies (2017--2023) 72 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/45/45352/45352.html)
- Mark Davis (1982--1987) 77 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3514/3514.html)
- Ken Day (1950--1956) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3515/3515.html)
- William Dean (1952) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3516/3516.html)
- Charles Deane (1907--1913) 36 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3517/3517.html)
- Zander de Bruyn (2008--2010) 46 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/3/3967/3967.html)
- Marchant de Lange (2021--2022) 13 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/433/433750/433750.html)
- Peter Denning (1969--1984) 269 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3518/3518.html)
- David Deshon (1947--1953) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3519/3519.html)
- Adam Dibble (2011--2015) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/136/136516/136516.html)
- Tom Dickinson (1957) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3520/3520.html)
- Sean Dickson (2023--2024) 17 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1567/1567515/1567515.html)
- Mathew Dimond (1994--1997) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3521/3521.html)
- George Dockrell (2011--2014) 29 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/130/130444/130444.html)
- Bradleigh Donelan (1994) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3522/3522.html)
- David Doughty (1963--1964) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3523/3523.html)
- Robert Draper (1925--1929) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3524/3524.html)
- Colin Dredge (1976--1988) 194 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3525/3525.html)
- Charles Dunlop (1892--1905) 43 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3526/3526.html)
- Wes Durston (2002--2009) 34 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/10/10684/10684.html)
- Keith Dutch (2001--2004) 45 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4252/4252.html)
## E
- Guy Earle (1922--1931) 152 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3527/3527.html)
- Michael Earls-Davis (1950) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3528/3528.html)
- Edward Ebdon (1891--1898) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3529/3529.html)
- John Ebdon (1898) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3530/3530.html)
- Percy Ebdon (1894) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3531/3531.html)
- Simon Ecclestone (1994--1998) 36 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3532/3532.html)
- Neil Edwards (2002--2009) 49 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/35/35820/35820.html)
- Peter Eele (1958--1965) 54 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3533/3533.html)
- Dean Elgar (2013--2017) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/94/94271/94271.html)
- Sam Ellis (1902) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3534/3534.html)
- Alfred Evans (1882--1884) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3535/3535.html)
- David Evans (1894--1902) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3536/3536.html)
- Ernest Evans (1891) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3537/3537.html)
- David Evans (1953) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3538/3538.html)
- Nick Evans (1976) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3539/3539.html)
- Percival Ewens (1923--1926) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3540/3540.html)
## F
- Cuthbert Fairbanks-Smith (1921) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3541/3541.html)
- Ernest Falck (1935--1936) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3542/3542.html)
- Harold Fear (1934) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3543/3543.html)
- Nigel Felton (1982--1988) 108 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3544/3544.html)
- Simon Ferguson (1985) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3545/3545.html)
- Geoffrey Fletcher (1939) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3546/3546.html)
- Iain Fletcher (1991--1994) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3547/3547.html)
- Nick Folland (1992--1994) 31 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3548/3548.html)
- Humphrey Forman (1910) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3549/3549.html)
- Daren Foster (1986--1989) 28 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3550/3550.html)
- Arnold Fothergill (1882--1884) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/118/118.html)
- Gerald Fowler (1891--1903) 119 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3551/3551.html)
- Bill Fowler (1882--1884) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3552/3552.html)
- Henry Fox (1882) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3553/3553.html)
- Herbert Fox (1882--1891) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3554/3554.html)
- Philip Foy (1919--1930) 21 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3555/3555.html)
- John Francis (2004--2008) 35 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9177/9177.html)
- Simon Francis (2002--2006) 40 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/6/6604/6604.html)
- Thomas Francis (1921--1925) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3556/3556.html)
- John Frazer (1921) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3557/3557.html)
- Arthur Freeman (1905) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3558/3558.html)
- Philip Fussell (1953--1956) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3559/3559.html)
| 464 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 3 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## G
- Jim Galley (1969) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3560/3560.html)
- Herbert Gamlin (1895--1896) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3561/3561.html)
- Trevor Gard (1976--1989) 112 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3562/3562.html)
- Joel Garner (1977--1986) 94 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1522/1522.html)
- Tommy Garnett (1935--1939) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3563/3563.html)
- Hubert Garrett (1913) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3564/3564.html)
- Sunil Gavaskar (1980) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1378/1378.html)
- Leslie Gay (1894) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/174/174.html)
- Carl Gazzard (2002--2009) 28 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9065/9065.html)
- Roy Genders (1949) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3565/3565.html)
- Ronald Gerrard (1935) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3566/3566.html)
- Arthur Gibbs (1919--1920) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3567/3567.html)
- Joseph Gibbs (1891--1894) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3568/3568.html)
- Arthur Gibson (1919) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3569/3569.html)
- Gary Gilder (2003) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4004/4004.html)
- George Gill (1897--1902) 93 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3570/3570.html)
- Harold Gimblett (1935--1954) 329 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/677/677.html)
- Cuthbert Godwin (1926) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3571/3571.html)
- Lewis Goldsworthy (2021--2024) 27 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2086/2086585/2086585.html)
- Brian Gomm (1939) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3572/3572.html)
- Edward Goodland (1908--1909) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3573/3573.html)
- Hugh Gore (1980) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3574/3574.html)
- Peter Graham (1948) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3575/3575.html)
- Edward Grant (1899--1901) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3576/3576.html)
- David Graveney (1991) 21 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3577/3577.html)
- Ben Green (2018--2023) 15 matches [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1118/1118517/1118517.html)
- Cleveland Greenway (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3578/3578.html)
- Leonard Greenwood (1920) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3579/3579.html)
- Chris Greetham (1957--1966) 205 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3580/3580.html)
- Thomas Gregg (1883) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3581/3581.html)
- Lewis Gregory (2011--2024) 124 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/332/332051/332051.html)
- Ernest Greswell (1903--1910) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3582/3582.html)
- Bill Greswell (1908--1930) 115 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3583/3583.html)
- Harry Griffin (1898--1899) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3584/3584.html)
- Tim Groenewald (2014--2019) 49 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/72/72460/72460.html)
- Jamie Grove (2000--2001) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4435/4435.html)
- Mike Groves (1965) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3585/3585.html)
- David Gurr (1976--1979) 24 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3586/3586.html)
| 276 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 4 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## H
- Edward Hack (1937) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3587/3587.html)
- Walter Hale (1892) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3588/3588.html)
- Egerton Hall (1884--1885) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3589/3589.html)
- Geoff Hall (1961--1965) 48 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3590/3590.html)
- Henry Hall (1882--1885) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3591/3591.html)
- Tom Hall (1953--1954) 23 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3592/3592.html)
- Jeremy Hallett (1990--1995) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3593/3593.html)
- Montague Hambling (1920--1927) 18 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3594/3594.html)
- Ralph Hancock (1907--1914) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3595/3595.html)
- William Hancock (1892) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3596/3596.html)
- Michael Hanna (1951--1954) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3597/3597.html)
- John Harcombe (1905--1919) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3598/3598.html)
- Richard Harden (1985--1998) 233 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3599/3599.html)
- Percy Hardy (1902--1914) 99 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3600/3600.html)
- Jon Hardy (1986--1990) 87 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3601/3601.html)
- Norman Hardy (1912--1921) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3602/3602.html)
- Mark Harman (1986--1987) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3603/3603.html)
- John Harris (1952--1959) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3604/3604.html)
- Eustace Hart (1930) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3605/3605.html)
- Laurie Hawkins (1928--1937) 46 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3606/3606.html)
- Andy Hayhurst (1990--1996) 122 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3607/3607.html)
- Richard Hayward (1985) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3608/3608.html)
- Esme Haywood (1925--1927) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3609/3609.html)
- Horace Hazell (1929--1952) 350 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3610/3610.html)
- Walter Hedley (1892--1904) 84 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3611/3611.html)
- John Hellard (1907--1910) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3612/3612.html)
- Matt Henry 6 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/921/921042/921042.html)
- Mervyn Herbert (1903--1924) 31 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3613/3613.html)
- Fred Herting (1960) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3614/3614.html)
- Steven Herzberg (1997) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2558/2558.html)
- Herbie Hewett (1884--1893) 51 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3615/3615.html)
- Cecil Hickley (1898--1899) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3616/3616.html)
- James Hildreth (2003--2022) 277 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/45/45433/45433.html)
- Lyonel Hildyard (1882--1883) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3617/3617.html)
- Eric Hill (1947--1951) 72 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3618/3618.html)
- Eustace Hill (1898--1901) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3619/3619.html)
- Evelyn Hill (1926--1929) 13 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3620/3620.html)
- Francis Hill (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3621/3621.html)
- Maurice Hill (1970--1971) 22 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3622/3622.html)
- Mervyn Hill (1921--1932) 42 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3623/3623.html)
- Richard Hill (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3624/3624.html)
- Vernon Hill (1891--1912) 121 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3625/3625.html)
- Jim Hilton (1954--1957) 71 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3626/3626.html)
- Harold Hippisley (1909--1913) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3627/3627.html)
- Gerard Hodgkinson (1904--1911) 19 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3628/3628.html)
- Piran Holloway (1994--2003) 114 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3629/3629.html)
- Trevor Holmes (1969) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3630/3630.html)
- Ernest Holt (1930) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3631/3631.html)
- Ernest Hood (1935) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3632/3632.html)
- Arthur Hook (1897--1906) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3633/3633.html)
- John Hook (1975) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3634/3634.html)
- Philip Hope (1914--1925) 41 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3635/3635.html)
- Adam Hose (2016--2017) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/370/370706/370706.html)
- Frederick Hotham (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3636/3636.html)
- Biron House (1912--1914) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3637/3637.html)
- David Hughes (1955) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3638/3638.html)
- Charles Hulls (1885) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3639/3639.html)
- Henry Humphries (1906) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3640/3640.html)
- George Hunt (1921--1931) 233 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3641/3641.html)
- George Hunt (1898) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3642/3642.html)
- Bert Hunt (1936) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3643/3643.html)
- Thos Hunt (2004) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/8/8246/8246.html)
- Gemaal Hussain (2011--2013) 18 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/53/53681/53681.html)
- Bruce Hylton-Stewart (1912--1914) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3644/3644.html)
- Bill Hyman (1900--1914) 38 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3645/3645.html)
## I
- Imam-ul-Haq (2022) 3 matches [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/459/459921/459921.html)
- Reggie Ingle (1923--1939) 309 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3646/3646.html)
- Colin Ingram (2014) 1 match [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/70/70877/70877.html)
- Peter Ingram (1910) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3647/3647.html)
- Frank Irish (1950) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3648/3648.html)
## J
- John Jackson (1920) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3649/3649.html)
- Paul Jarvis (1999--2000) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1879/1879.html)
- Sanath Jayasuriya (2005) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1987/1987.html)
- Frederick Jennings (1895) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3650/3650.html)
- Keith Jennings (1975--1981) 68 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3651/3651.html)
- William Jewell (1884) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3652/3652.html)
- Peter Randall Johnson (1901--1927) 229 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3653/3653.html)
- Richard Johnson (2001--2006) 66 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4473/4473.html)
- Allan Jones (1970--1975) 118 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3654/3654.html)
- Adrian Jones (1987--1990) 88 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3655/3655.html)
- Andrew Jones (1985) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3656/3656.html)
- Chris Jones (2010--2014) 37 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/317/317409/317409.html)
- Trevor Jones (1938--1948) 21 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3657/3657.html)
- Ian Jones (1999) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9202/9202.html)
- James Jones (1922--1923) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3658/3658.html)
- Steffan Jones (1997--2009) 84 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2360/2360.html)
- Frank Joy (1909--1912) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3659/3659.html)
- George Jupp (1901--1907) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3660/3660.html)
## K
- Murali Kartik (2010--2011) 19 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7118/7118.html)
- Geoff Keith (1959--1961) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3661/3661.html)
- Wilfrid Kempe (1919) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3662/3662.html)
- Gregor Kennis (1998--1999) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4492/4492.html)
- Jason Kerr (1993--2001) 58 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3663/3663.html)
- Roy Kerslake (1962--1968) 52 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3664/3664.html)
- Henry Kettlewell (1899) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3665/3665.html)
- Laurence Key (1919--1922) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3666/3666.html)
- Khan Mohammad (1951) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/934/934.html)
- Craig Kieswetter (2007--2014) 105 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/97/97648/97648.html)
- Ken Kinnersley (1932--1938) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3667/3667.html)
- Steve Kirby (2011--2013) 35 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/7/7172/7172.html)
- Mervyn Kitchen (1960--1979) 352 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3668/3668.html)
- David Kitson (1952--1954) 32 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3669/3669.html)
- Tom Kohler-Cadmore (2023--2024) 17 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/482/482906/482906.html)
| 736 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 5 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## L
- George Lambert (1960) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3670/3670.html)
- Tom Lammonby (2020--2024) 61 matches [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1676/1676403/1676403.html)
- George Langdale (1946--1949) 20 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3671/3671.html)
- Justin Langer (2006--2009) 48 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2070/2070.html)
- Charl Langeveldt (2005) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7509/7509.html)
- Brian Langford (1953--1974) 504 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3672/3672.html)
- Aaron Laraman (2003--2005) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7001/7001.html)
- Mike Latham (1961--1962) 18 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3673/3673.html)
- Mark Lathwell (1991--2001) 142 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2090/2090.html)
- Johnny Lawrence (1946--1955) 281 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3674/3674.html)
- Miles Lawrence (1959--1961) 18 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3675/3675.html)
- Cecil Leach (1924--1928) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3676/3676.html)
- Jack Leach (2012--2024) 101 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/223/223827/223827.html)
- Edwin Leat (1908--1910) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3677/3677.html)
- Fred Lee (1902--1907) 77 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3679/3679.html)
- Fred Lee (1925--1927) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3678/3678.html)
- Frank Lee (1929--1947) 328 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3680/3680.html)
- Jack Lee (1925--1936) 241 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3681/3681.html)
- Shane Lee (1996) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2241/2241.html)
- Roland Lefebvre (1990--1992) 36 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2255/2255.html)
- Ned Leonard (2021--2024) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2070/2070056/2070056.html)
- Robin Lett (2006) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/86/86348/86348.html)
- Albert Lewis (1899--1914) 208 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3682/3682.html)
- George Lillington (1883--1885) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3683/3683.html)
- Vincent Lindo (1963) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3684/3684.html)
- Anthony Ling (1939) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3685/3685.html)
- Keith Linney (1931--1937) 32 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3686/3686.html)
- Jeremy Lloyds (1979--1984) 100 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3687/3687.html)
- Bryan Lobb (1955--1969) 115 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3688/3688.html)
- Edward Lock (1891--1893) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3689/3689.html)
- Walter Lock (1928) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3690/3690.html)
- Ian Lomax (1962) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3691/3691.html)
- Geoff Lomax (1954--1962) 211 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3692/3692.html)
- Bunty Longrigg (1925--1947) 219 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3693/3693.html)
- Tom Lowry (1921--1924) 46 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/528/528.html)
- Wally Luckes (1924--1949) 365 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3694/3694.html)
- Charles Lyall (1911) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3695/3695.html)
- Dar Lyon (1920--1938) 123 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3696/3696.html)
| 276 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 6 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## M
- Jack MacBryan (1911--1931) 156 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/442/442.html)
- Colin McCool (1956--1960) 138 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/738/738.html)
- Russ McCool (1982) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3712/3712.html)
- Harry MacDonald (1896) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3697/3697.html)
- Alastair MacDonald Watson (1932--1933) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3698/3698.html)
- Stuart MacGill (1997) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4368/4368.html)
- Neil McKenzie (2007) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4054/4054.html)
- Douglas McLean (1896) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3713/3713.html)
- Nixon McLean (2003--2005) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3320/3320.html)
- Ken MacLeay (1991--1992) 27 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1718/1718.html)
- John McMahon (1954--1957) 115 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3714/3714.html)
- Peter McRae (1936--1939) 25 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3715/3715.html)
- John Madden-Gaskell (1928--1930) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4519/4519.html)
- Sajid Mahmood (2012) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/44/44467/44467.html)
- Saqib Mahmood (1999) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/8/8252/8252.html)
- Vivian Majendie (1907--1910) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3700/3700.html)
- Lionel Major (1903) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3701/3701.html)
- Neil Mallender (1987--1994) 118 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2036/2036.html)
- Fred Marks (1884) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3702/3702.html)
- Vic Marks (1975--1989) 275 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1685/1685.html)
- Edward Marsh (1885) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3703/3703.html)
- Reginald Marsh (1928--1934) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3704/3704.html)
- Alan Marshall (1914--1931) 45 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3705/3705.html)
- Leslie Marshall (1913--1931) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3706/3706.html)
- John Martin (1964--1965) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3707/3707.html)
- Henry Martyn (1901--1908) 74 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3708/3708.html)
- William Massey (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3709/3709.html)
- James Maxwell (1906--1908) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3710/3710.html)
- Charles Mayo (1928) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3711/3711.html)
- Ajantha Mendis (2011) 2 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/142/142472/142472.html)
- Patrick Mermagen (1930) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3716/3716.html)
- Craig Meschede (2011--2014) 28 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/334/334116/334116.html)
- Jack Meyer (1936--1949) 65 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3717/3717.html)
- George Mirehouse (1884--1885) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3718/3718.html)
- Colin Mitchell (1952--1954) 30 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3719/3719.html)
- Mandy Mitchell-Innes (1931--1949) 69 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/658/658.html)
- John Mitton (1920) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3720/3720.html)
- Paul Molyneux (1937) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3721/3721.html)
- Hugh Montgomery (1901--1909) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3722/3722.html)
- Bill Montgomery (1905--1907) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3723/3723.html)
- Osbert Mordaunt (1905--1910) 14 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3724/3724.html)
- Bert Morgan (1909--1910) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3725/3725.html)
- John Morrison (1920) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3726/3726.html)
- Hallam Moseley (1971--1982) 205 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3727/3727.html)
- Michael Munday (2005--2010) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/37/37360/37360.html)
- Marwood Munden (1908) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3728/3728.html)
- Ernest Murdock (1885) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3729/3729.html)
- Mushtaq Ahmed (1993--1998) 62 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1945/1945.html)
- Johann Myburgh (2014--2016) 28 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9354/9354.html)
## N
- Kumar Narayan (1909--1910) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3730/3730.html)
- George Newport (1902--1904) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3731/3731.html)
- Arthur Newton (1891--1914) 197 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3732/3732.html)
- Stephen Newton (1882--1884) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3733/3733.html)
- George Nichols (1891--1899) 134 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3734/3734.html)
- Albert North (1903--1909) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3735/3735.html)
- Edward Northway (1925--1926) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3736/3736.html)
- Reginald Northway (1929--1933) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3737/3737.html)
## O
- Alfie Ogborne (2023--2024) 2 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2291/2291399/2291399.html)
- Geoffrey Ogilvy (1936) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3738/3738.html)
- Kerry O\'Keeffe (1971--1972) 46 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1368/1368.html)
- Martin Olive (1977--1981) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3739/3739.html)
- Richard Ollis (1981--1985) 37 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3740/3740.html)
- Craig Overton (2012--2024) 124 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/383/383623/383623.html)
- Jamie Overton (2012--2020) 64 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/383/383628/383628.html)
| 463 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 7 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## P
- Edward Page (1885) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3741/3741.html)
- Lionel Palairet (1891--1909) 222 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/260/260.html)
- Richard Palairet (1891--1902) 85 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3742/3742.html)
- Gary Palmer (1982--1988) 54 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3743/3743.html)
- Ken Palmer (1955--1969) 302 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1256/1256.html)
- Roy Palmer (1965--1970) 74 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3744/3744.html)
- Arthur Pape (1912) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3745/3745.html)
- James Parfitt (1883--1885) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3746/3746.html)
- Jim Parks, Jr. (1973--1976) 47 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/994/994.html)
- Keith Parsons (1992--2006) 130 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3747/3747.html)
- Michael Parsons (2005) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/45/45134/45134.html)
- Arthur Paterson (1903) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3748/3748.html)
- Edmund Paul (1907--1910) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3749/3749.html)
- Richard Paull (1963--1964) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3750/3750.html)
- Andrew Payne (1992--1994) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3751/3751.html)
- George Peake (1885) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3753/3753.html)
- Allan Pearse (1936--1938) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3754/3754.html)
- Tony Pearson (1961--1963) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3755/3755.html)
- Anthony Pelham (1933) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3756/3756.html)
- Horace Perry (1927) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3757/3757.html)
- Richard Peters (1946) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3758/3758.html)
- Alviro Petersen (2013--2014) 17 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/35/35300/35300.html)
- Vernon Philander (2012) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/60/60236/60236.html)
- Ben Phillips (2008--2010) 28 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/4/4584/4584.html)
- Frank Phillips (1897--1911) 67 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3759/3759.html)
- Lewis Pickles (1955--1958) 47 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3760/3760.html)
- Adrian Pierson (1998--2000) 32 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4587/4587.html)
- Dudley Pontifex (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3761/3761.html)
- Ricky Ponting (2004) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2229/2229.html)
- Nigel Popplewell (1979--1985) 118 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3762/3762.html)
- Robert Porch (1895--1910) 27 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3763/3763.html)
- Albert Porter (1883) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3764/3764.html)
- Francis Portman (1897--1899) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3765/3765.html)
- Frederick Potbury (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3766/3766.html)
- Louis Powell (1927--1938) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3374/3374.html)
- Frederick Poynton (1891--1896) 25 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3767/3767.html)
- Massey Poyntz (1905--1919) 102 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3768/3768.html)
- Hugh Poyntz (1904--1921) 37 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3769/3769.html)
- Frederick Pratten (1930--1931) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3770/3770.html)
- Migael Pretorius (2024) 8 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1767/1767990/1767990.html)
- Bill Price (1901) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3771/3771.html)
- James Priddy (1933--1939) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3772/3772.html)
- Nick Pringle (1986--1991) 27 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3773/3773.html)
- Harry Pruett (1921--1926) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3774/3774.html)
## R
- Octavius Radcliffe (1885) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3775/3775.html)
- Robert Ramsay (1882) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3776/3776.html)
- Brett Randell (2024) 2 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1212/1212653/1212653.html)
- Jim Redman (1948--1953) 65 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3777/3777.html)
- Francis Reed (1882--1884) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3778/3778.html)
- Farrant Reed (1882--1885) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3779/3779.html)
- James Regan (2012) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/482/482931/482931.html)
- Matt Renshaw (2018--2024) 21 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1381/1381905/1381905.html)
- James Rew (2022--2024) 35 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2231/2231810/2231810.html)
- Viv Richards (1974--1986) 191 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1435/1435.html)
- Alfred Richardson (1895) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3780/3780.html)
- Tom Richardson (1905) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/170/170.html)
- Arthur Ricketts (1936) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3781/3781.html)
- Dudley Rippon (1914--1920) 31 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3782/3782.html)
- Sydney Rippon (1914--1937) 102 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3783/3783.html)
- Frederick Roberts (1899) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3784/3784.html)
- John Roberts (1969--1970) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3785/3785.html)
- Raymond Robertson-Glasgow (1920--1935) 77 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3786/3786.html)
- Crescens Robinson (1885--1896) 31 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3787/3787.html)
- Ellis Robinson (1950--1952) 89 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3788/3788.html)
- Peter Robinson (1965--1977) 180 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3789/3789.html)
- Ray Robinson (1964) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3790/3790.html)
- Theodore Robinson (1884--1894) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3791/3791.html)
- Ernie Robson (1895--1923) 424 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3792/3792.html)
- Brian Roe (1957--1966) 131 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3793/3793.html)
- Bill Roe (1882--1899) 66 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3794/3794.html)
- Peter Roebuck (1974--1991) 306 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3795/3795.html)
- Chris Rogers (2016) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7530/7530.html)
- Stuart Rogers (1948--1953) 118 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3796/3796.html)
- Luke Ronchi (2015) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/17/17568/17568.html)
- Brian Rose (1969--1987) 251 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1540/1540.html)
- Graham Rose (1987--2002) 244 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3797/3797.html)
- Hamilton Ross (1883--1891) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3798/3798.html)
- Tim Rouse (2016--2017) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/483/483433/483433.html)
- George Rowdon (1936) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3799/3799.html)
- Fred Rumsey (1963--1968) 153 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1233/1233.html)
- Neil Russom (1980--1983) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3800/3800.html)
| 580 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 8 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## S
- Edward Sainsbury (1882--1885) 25 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3801/3801.html)
- John Sainsbury (1951) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3802/3802.html)
- Sajid Khan (2022) 4 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1578/1578000/1578000.html)
- Oswald Samson (1900--1913) 45 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3803/3803.html)
- Arthur Sanders (1919) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3804/3804.html)
- Henry Saunders (1911--1922) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3805/3805.html)
- Donald Scott (1936) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3806/3806.html)
- Henry Scott (1882) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3807/3807.html)
- Tim Scriven (1988--1989) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3808/3808.html)
- Jake Seamer (1932--1948) 59 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3809/3809.html)
- Arthur Sellick (1905) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3810/3810.html)
- Richard Selwyn Payne (1906) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3752/3752.html)
- Kevin Shine (1996--1998) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3811/3811.html)
- Alan Shirreff (1958) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3812/3812.html)
- Shoaib Akhtar (2001) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/5/5634/5634.html)
- Ernest Shorrocks (1905) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3813/3813.html)
- Walter Shuldham (1914--1924) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3814/3814.html)
- Peter Siddle (2022--2023) 13 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/45/45315/45315.html)
- Dennis Silk (1956--1960) 33 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3815/3815.html)
- Richard Sladdin (1997) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4641/4641.html)
- Phil Slocombe (1975--1983) 135 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3816/3816.html)
- William Sloman (1895--1896) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3817/3817.html)
- Douglas Smith (1896--1898) 21 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3818/3818.html)
- Frederick Smith (1884--1885) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3819/3819.html)
- Graeme Smith (2005) 4 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/10/10283/10283.html)
- Roy Smith (1949--1955) 96 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3820/3820.html)
- William Smith (1895--1898) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3821/3821.html)
- Richard Snell (1992) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2017/2017.html)
- Steve Snell (2011--2012) 3 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/44/44032/44032.html)
- Richard Southcombe (1936--1937) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3822/3822.html)
- Albert Southwood (1911--1913) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3823/3823.html)
- Thomas Spencer (1891--1893) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3824/3824.html)
- Trevor Spring (1909--1910) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3825/3825.html)
- Edward Spurway (1885--1898) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3826/3826.html)
- Francis Spurway (1920--1929) 23 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3827/3827.html)
- Michael Spurway (1929) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3828/3828.html)
- Robert Spurway (1893--1898) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3829/3829.html)
- Sam Spurway (2006--2007) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/64/64105/64105.html)
- Richard Stanbury (1935--1936) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3830/3830.html)
- Edward Stanley (1884) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3831/3831.html)
- Henry Stanley (1894--1899) 50 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3832/3832.html)
- John Stenton (1953) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3833/3833.html)
- Harold Stephenson (1948--1964) 427 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3834/3834.html)
- David Stiff (2009--2010) 12 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/34/34341/34341.html)
- Andrew Strauss (2011) 1 match [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/7/7005/7005.html)
- Montague Sturt (1896--1910) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3835/3835.html)
- Haydn Sully (1959--1963) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3836/3836.html)
- Arul Suppiah (2002--2012) 94 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/35/35025/35025.html)
- Andy Sutton (2012) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/64/64348/64348.html)
- Leonard Sutton (1909--1912) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3837/3837.html)
- Luke Sutton (1997--1998) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/6/6988/6988.html)
- Tony Sutton (1948) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3838/3838.html)
- Ian Swallow (1990--1991) 27 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3839/3839.html)
- Harry Swayne (1894) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3840/3840.html)
- Charles Sweet (1882--1883) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3841/3841.html)
| 396 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 9 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## T
- Ernest Tandy (1904--1905) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3842/3842.html)
- Hugh Tapsfield (1892) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3843/3843.html)
- Harry Tate (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3844/3844.html)
- Walter Tate (1882) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3845/3845.html)
- Chris Tavare (1989--1993) 102 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1627/1627.html)
- Charles Taylor (1910--1911) 18 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/33/33197/33197.html)
- Derek Taylor (1970--1982) 280 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3846/3846.html)
- Nick Taylor (1986) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3847/3847.html)
- Francis Terry (1882--1885) 10 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3849/3849.html)
- Alfonso Thomas (2008--2015) 92 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/10/10430/10430.html)
- John Thomas (1901--1905) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3850/3850.html)
- Wyndham Thomas (1928) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3851/3851.html)
- Alpin Thomson (1922--1923) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3852/3852.html)
- Elliot Tillard (1912) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3853/3853.html)
- Montagu Toller (1897) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3854/3854.html)
- Gerry Tordoff (1950--1955) 54 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3855/3855.html)
- Gareth Townsend (1990--1992) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3856/3856.html)
- John Trask (1884--1895) 9 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3857/3857.html)
- William Trask (1882--1900) 47 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3858/3858.html)
- Peter Trego (2000--2018) 200 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9024/9024.html)
- Maurice Tremlett (1947--1960) 353 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/810/810.html)
- Marcus Trescothick (1993--2019) 296 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3859/3859.html)
- Alfred Trestrail (1905) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3860/3860.html)
- Graham Tripp (1955--1959) 34 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3861/3861.html)
- Benjamin Trott (1997--1998) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7178/7178.html)
- Harvey Trump (1988--1996) 106 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3862/3862.html)
- Joseph Tucker (2000--2001) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/7/7425/7425.html)
- Hervey Tudway (1910) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3863/3863.html)
- Mark Turner (2007--2009) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/60/60727/60727.html)
- Murray Turner (1984--1986) 12 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3864/3864.html)
- Robert Turner (1991--2005) 211 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3865/3865.html)
- Simon Turner (1984--1985) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3866/3866.html)
- Ted Tyler (1891--1907) 177 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/208/208.html)
## U
- Andrew Umeed (2022--2024) 15 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/130/130378/130378.html)
- Paul Unwin (1989) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3867/3867.html)
## V
- Roelof van der Merwe (2016--2022) 28 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/62/62399/62399.html)
- Paul van Meekeren (2016--2018) 3 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/130/130368/130368.html)
- Andre van Troost (1991--1998) 67 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3868/3868.html)
- Percy Vasey (1913) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3869/3869.html)
- Gilbert Vassall (1902--1905) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3870/3870.html)
- Archie Vaughan (2024) 4 matches [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2290/2290609/2290609.html)
- Tony Vickery (1947--1948) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3871/3871.html)
- Murali Vijay (2019) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/100/100713/100713.html)
- Amar Virdi (2022) 1 match [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1476/1476723/1476723.html)
- Roy Virgin (1957--1972) 321 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3872/3872.html)
| 333 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 10 |
10,130,940 |
# List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
## W
- Neil Wagner (2023) 3 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/97/97857/97857.html)
- Frederic Waldock (1920--1924) 17 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3873/3873.html)
- Micky Walford (1946--1953) 52 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3874/3874.html)
- Malcolm Walker (1952--1958) 29 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3875/3875.html)
- Max Waller (2009--2018) 9 matches [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/90/90562/90562.html)
- Launcelot Ward (1913--1920) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3876/3876.html)
- John Watson (1933--1936) 19 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3877/3877.html)
- Hugh Watts (1939--1952) 61 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3878/3878.html)
- Steve Waugh (1987--1988) 19 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/1/1794/1794.html)
- Sam Weaver (1939) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3879/3879.html)
- Thomas Webley (2003) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/35/35026/35026.html)
- Arthur Wellard (1927--1950) 391 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/700/700.html)
- Fred Welman (1882--1901) 19 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3880/3880.html)
- Albert Westcott (1894--1902) 6 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3881/3881.html)
- Edward Western (1882--1884) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3882/3882.html)
- Louis Wharton (1921--1922) 11 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3883/3883.html)
- Ellis Whately (1904) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3884/3884.html)
- Heneage Wheeler (1904) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3885/3885.html)
- Cameron White (2006--2007) 24 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/11/11866/11866.html)
- Giles White (1991) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3886/3886.html)
- Jack White (1909--1937) 409 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/405/405.html)
- Alan Whitehead (1957--1961) 38 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3887/3887.html)
- Walter Whiting (1921--1923) 8 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3888/3888.html)
- Albert Whittle (1907--1911) 29 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3889/3889.html)
- Archie Wickham (1891--1907) 82 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3890/3890.html)
- Peter Wight (1953--1965) 321 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3891/3891.html)
- Walter Wilde (1929) 7 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3892/3892.html)
- Donald Wilkins (1927) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3893/3893.html)
- Steve Wilkinson (1972--1974) 18 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3894/3894.html)
- Terry Willetts (1964--1967) 16 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3895/3895.html)
- Lloyd Williams (1955) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3896/3896.html)
- Charl Willoughby (2006--2011) 95 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/4/4146/4146.html)
- Hugh Wilson (1983--1984) 15 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3897/3897.html)
- Raymond Windsor (1969) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3898/3898.html)
- Charles Winter (1921--1925) 26 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3899/3899.html)
- Charles Winter (1882--1895) 25 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3900/3900.html)
- Harry Winter (1884) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3901/3901.html)
- John Winter (1884) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3902/3902.html)
- George Wood (1893--1894) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3903/3903.html)
- Henry Wood (1904) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3904/3904.html)
- Matthew Wood (2001--2007) 75 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/10/10818/10818.html)
- Thomas Wood (1894) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3905/3905.html)
- George Woodcock (1921) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3906/3906.html)
- George Woodhouse (1946--1953) 58 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3907/3907.html)
- Robert Woodman (2005) 3 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/64/64278/64278.html)
- Sammy Woods (1891--1910) 299 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/0/110/110.html)
- Bob Woolston (1987) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3908/3908.html)
- Damien Wright (2010) 5 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/6/6395/6395.html)
- Oswald Wright (1902) 1 match [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3909/3909.html)
- Julian Wyatt (1983--1989) 69 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3910/3910.html)
## Y
- Yawar Saeed (1953--1955) 50 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3911/3911.html)
- Tom Young (1911--1933) 310 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3912/3912.html)
- Wilfrid Young (1891--1893) 2 matches [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/3/3913/3913.html)
## List A cricketers {#list_a_cricketers}
The following have not played first-class cricket for Somerset but have played at least one match for Somerset in a List A match.
- Sonny Baker (2021--2022) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2041/2041158/2041158.html)
- Len Beel (1969) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/34/34485/34485.html)
- Curtis Campher (2023) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2017/2017187/2017187.html)
- Charlie Cassell (2024) [CA](https://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2790/2790419/2790419.html)
- George Drissell (2021) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1700/1700861/1700861.html)
- Neil Hancock (2004) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9261/9261.html)
- Jack Harding (2022) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2231/2231814/2231814.html)
- Joe Heywood (2024) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2668/2668982/2668982.html)
- Fin Hill (2023) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2462/2462960/2462960.html)
- Mahela Jayawardene (2016) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Players/6/6298/6298.html)
- Danny Lamb (2023) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/483/483924/483924.html)
- JT Langridge (2023) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2305/2305544/2305544.html)
- Riley Meredith (2024) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1381/1381886/1381886.html)
- Robert Mutch (2012) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/97/97856/97856.html)
- Kevin Parsons (1992--1993) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/9/9603/9603.html)
- Dermot Reeve (1998) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/2/2001/2001.html)
- Perry Rendell (1990) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/34/34802/34802.html)
- Ollie Sale (2022) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/483/483550/483550.html)
- George Scott (2022) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/483/483479/483479.html)
- Royston Sully (1985) [CA](http://www.cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/34/34864/34864.html)
- George Thomas (2021--2024) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2237/2237697/2237697.html)
- Josh Thomas (2022--2024) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/2310/2310871/2310871.html)
- Sam Young (2021) [CA](https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/1865/1865462/1865462
| 526 |
List of Somerset County Cricket Club players
| 11 |
10,130,959 |
# Hubert Le Sueur
**Hubert Le Sueur** (`{{IPA|fr|ybɛʁ lə sɥœʁ}}`{=mediawiki}; c. 1580 -- 1658) was a French sculptor with the contemporaneous reputation of having trained in Giambologna\'s Florentine workshop. He assisted Giambologna\'s foreman, Pietro Tacca, in Paris, in finishing and erecting the equestrian statue of Henri IV on the Pont Neuf. He moved to England and spent the most productive decades of his working career there, providing monuments, portraits and replicas of classical antiquities for the court of Charles I, where his main rival was Francesco Fanelli.
## Career
Henry Peacham was informed that Le Sueur was a pupil of Giambologna in Florence. Though he is not otherwise documented in Florence, in Paris he was recorded as *sculpteur du Roy* at the baptism of his son at Saint-Germain l\'Auxerrois in 1610, when a royal secretary and the daughter of another served as witnesses. In London he and his second wife were of the Huguenot congregation in Threadneedle Street. He worked with Pietro Tacca\'s assistants on the equestrian bronze of Henri IV on the Pont Neuf, a project that gave him technical skills that were put to use in his equestrian Charles I. Since Inigo Jones had passed through Paris in July 1613, in the train of Lord Arundel, on their way to Strasbourg, Katharine Esdaile suggested that Jones was the one who convinced Le Sueur to go to England.
The earliest occasion on which Le Sueur received an official commission in England was for twelve figures against the frieze of the grand catafalque--- both figures and hearse designed by Inigo Jones --- in James I\'s funeral, 1625. In 1631 he was dispatched to Rome to arrange to have moulds taken of classical antiquities, to complement the *Borghese Gladiator*, moulds of which had been obtained for Charles, and which Le Sueur cast in London for the Privy Garden of the Palace of Whitehall. Henry Peacham praised Le Sueur for his skill and credits the Catholic priest and agent, George Gage, with obtaining the relevant casts in Rome: \"The best of them is the Gladiator, molded from that in *Cardinall Borgheses Villa*, by the procurement and industry of ingenious Master *Gage*.\"
On a recommendation of Sir Bathazar Gerbier, he cast the famous bronze equestrian statue of the king, made in 1633 for Richard, Lord Weston, Lord High Treasurer, for his house Mortlake Park in Roehampton. This statue was ordered to be destroyed by Parliament in 1649. After being hidden by the man charged with destroying the statue, it resurfaced at the Restoration and was erected in 1675 at the original site of Charing Cross, at Trafalgar Square, London (on a small traffic island at the entrance to The Mall).
In 1634 he made for the king a cast of the *Diane Chasseresse* then still at Fontainebleau. Le Sueur created a market for the portrait bust, initiated and epitomized by a series of bronze busts and one marble bust of Charles I (1631), now at the Victoria and Albert Museum, the only work in marble by Le Sueur known to exist. A bust of Katherine, Lady Dysart, was formerly at Ham House. There are bronze sculptures by Le Sueur for tombs in Westminster Abbey, of the Stuart Kings Charles I and James I originally in niches on the former screen by Inigo Jones in Winchester Cathedral and now re-located at the west end of the Cathedral in which Le Sueur also provided the bronze reclining figure for the tomb of Lord Portland. At Oxford are his lifesize bronze standing figures of King Charles and Queen Henrietta Maria, made for Archbishop Laud, 1634, now at St John\'s College, and of William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke (1580--1630), originally standing in the forecourt at Wilton House and in 1723 donated by the 8th Earl to the Bodleian Library, Oxford, where it now stands outdoors in front of the main entrance.
With the beginnings of the English Civil War, English court patronage dried up, and Le Sueur returned to Paris in 1643, produced four busts of Richelieu for the duchesse d\'Aiguillon, and disappeared from art history. Le Sueur is last recorded as being alive in 1658, although this is not definitively his date of death; in 1668 his wife was recorded as being a widow and thus the *Oxford Dictionary of National Biography* records Le Sueur\'s date of death as being between 1658 and 1668.
His known pupils were both of Huguenot extraction as was Le Sueur himself: one was Peter Besnier (or Bennier), appointed sculptor to the king after Le Sueur\'s departure; another was John Poultrain or Colt.
## Selected works {#selected_works}
- *Bust of King Charles I*, dated 1631, by Hubert Le Sueur (V&A Museum, no. A.35-1910)
- *Equestrian statue of Charles I*, 1633; at Charing Cross, London
| 794 |
Hubert Le Sueur
| 0 |
10,130,981 |
# Miguel Simão
**Miguel Ângelo da Cruz Simão** (born 26 February 1973) is a Portuguese retired professional footballer who played mainly as a forward.
## Football career {#football_career}
Born in Porto, Simão successfully emerged through local Boavista FC\'s youth system, making his professional debuts in the Segunda Liga with C.D. Nacional and joining another club in that division, C.D. Feirense, in the following season. He first competed in the Primeira Liga with S.C. Salgueiros, playing in 22 games in 1993--94 as his team finished in 11th position (five goals scored).
Simão spent most of the following four years in the second level, the exception being the 1996--97 campaign with Salgueiros. In the 1998 summer he joined Scottish club St Johnstone, making his debut on 29 August in a 0--4 loss against Rangers at Ibrox Stadium, which proved to be manager Paul Sturrock\'s final game in charge; he played in 26 Premier League matches in his first year, netting four times.
Three days shy of celebrating one year since playing his first game for the Saints, Simão scored two late goals as a substitute against Vaasan Palloseura in the UEFA Cup, in a playoff round 2--0 home win (3--1 on aggregate). After a few months in J1 League with Sanfrecce Hiroshima, he returned to Portugal for a further two-and-a-half seasons with three clubs, appearing with Gil Vicente F.C. in the top flight
| 231 |
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| 0 |
10,130,995 |
# KWDO
**KWDO** (105.5 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to San Joaquin, California, broadcasting to the Fresno, radio market. It airs a classic country radio format. KWDO is owned by John & Katie Ostlund with the license held by One Putt Broadcasting. The studios and offices are located at 1415 Fulton Street in downtown Fresno.
The transmitter is off Manning Avenue, west of downtown Fresno, near Riverdale. KWDO has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 25,000 watts, broadcasting from a tower that is 100 meters (328 feet) in height above average terrain.
## History
The station signed on in 1999 as KWOL, although while it was still unbuilt, the Federal Communications Commission construction permit used the call sign KVPC.
On January 14, 2005, the station began stunting; after the stunt, the station officially signed on with a smooth jazz format as KJZN. This was the second station in Fresno to use the smooth jazz format, which was previously heard on KEZL (now KALZ).
On April 29, 2009, the station began stunting with Christmas music interspersed with Santa Claus-voiced liners which invited listeners to tune in at noon on May 1, if they \"can handle the truth.\" At the promised time, the station flipped to a conservative talk format, branded as \"105.5 The Truth.\"
On January 28, 2013, KJZN flipped to sports radio, branded as \"105.5 The Game,\" with programming from the CBS Sports Radio Network.
On November 25, 2014, KJZN and sister stations KFRR and KJFX were purchased by One Putt Broadcasting from Wilks Broadcasting. The purchase was consummated on January 30, 2015.
On March 5, 2015 at 6 a.m., KJZN flipped to classic hip-hop. Initially set to be branded as \"Bling 105.5", One Putt instead held an online poll to determine the new name; in mid-March, the branding was revealed as \"Rewind 105.5\".
On January 1, 2017, KJZN dropped the classic hip-hop format, flipped to Soft Adult Contemporary, and adopted the \"K-Jewel\" branding and KJWL call sign previously heard on 99.3 FM (now KJWL once again). On January 5, 2017, KJZN officially changed its call sign to KJWL.
On May 23, 2022, it was announced that KJWL would move back to 99.3 FM on May 30, replacing the \"Now FM\" format on that frequency when it launched in 2017. A new permanent format was to debut at 105.5 FM after a month of simulcasting.
On July 4, 2022, at 6 am, KJWL changed its format from classic hits to classic country, branded as \"The Legend 105.5\". On July 9, 2022, the station took on the KWDO call sign
| 431 |
KWDO
| 0 |
10,130,997 |
# Divine Trash
***Divine Trash*** is a 1998 American documentary film directed by Steve Yeager about the life and work of filmmaker John Waters, and the making of the 1972 film *Pink Flamingos*, which is written and directed by Waters and stars Divine.
*Divine Trash* premiered at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival, where it won Yeager the Filmmakers Trophy for Best Documentary.
## Cast
## Release
*Divine Trash* had its premiere at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival in Utah, where it won Yeager the Filmmakers Trophy for Best Documentary. Following its Sundance premiere, Yeager re-cut the film in order to excise roughly eight minutes of footage from films and television programs for which he had not secured the usage rights; after being re-edited, *Divine Trash* screened at the Senator Theatre in Baltimore, Maryland, on May 5, 1998.
## Reception
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 80% based on five reviews, with an average rating of 6.9/10
| 164 |
Divine Trash
| 0 |
10,131,028 |
# Chris Knowings
**Chris Knowings** is an American actor and twin brother of actress Christy Knowings. He is best known for playing Lamar Carlos Johnson in the short-lived Nickelodeon series, *Taina*, and Chris Robinson on *Sesame Street*.
## Career
Knowings began his acting career at age 13 when he appeared in *Crooklyn* from Spike Lee in 1994 as Nate Carmichael, one of the main characters of the film. He portrayed Lamar Johnson in the 2001 Nickelodeon series, *Taina*. Other TV credits include guest appearances on *Law & Order*, *New York Undercover*, and *100 Centre Street*. He also appeared in an AT&T wireless phone commercial in December 2002.
He is best known for joining the cast of *Sesame Street* in Season 38 in August 2007 as Chris Robinson. He received Daytime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Performer in a Children\'s Series in 2009 and 2010. Knowings has additionally performed voice roles on *Sesame Street,* including the off-screen narrator of some Two-Headed Monster sketches.
## Filmography
- *Nature Cat* (2018--2024) TV Series \.... Ronald (Season 2-onwards)
- *Kevin Can Wait* (2018) TV series \.... Omar (1 Episode)
- *The Cookie Thief* (2015) TV special \.... Chris Robinson
- *Sesame Street* (2007--present) TV series \.... Chris Robinson
- *LazyTown* (5 episodes/2007) TV Series\....Pixel
- *Generation Jets* (2003) TV series \.... XL\'s Brother (voice)
- *The Nick Cannon Show* (2002) \.... Himself
- *Taina* (2001--2002) \.... Lamar Carlos Johnson
- *100 Centre Street* (2001) \.... Earnest Charles Glass
- *Law & Order* (2001) \.... Student Council President Brian Ander
- *New York Undercover* (1994) \.... Tyndell Jacobs
- *Crooklyn* (1994) \..
| 267 |
Chris Knowings
| 0 |
10,131,104 |
# Australian Good Design Awards
The **Australian Good Design Awards**, formerly known as the **Australian International Design Awards** and as the **Australian Design Awards**, is an Australian awards program operated by Good Design Australia. The awards program was originally established in 1958 by the Industrial Design Council of Australia (IDCA), and recognizes achievements in industrial design.
The Australian International Design Awards has been recognized by the Commonwealth Government and the International Council of Societies of Industrial Design as a promotional body for the Australian design industry.
## Awards
There are five types of accolades issued in the Australian Good Design Awards program:
- Australian Good Design Award Winner accolade (recognizing good design)
- Australian Good Design Award Gold accolade (recognizing design excellence)
- Australian Good Design Award Best in Class accolade (recognizing best in class design in each category)
- Australian Good Design Award for Sustainability (recognizing excellence in sustainable design)
- Australian Good Design Award of the Year accolade (highest design honor in the awards and awarded to only one project)
Special Awards include:
- Australian Design Prize
- Good Design Team of the Year Award
- Michael Bryce Patron\'s Award
- Women in Design Award
- Indigenous Design Award
- Automotive Design Award
- Powerhouse Museum Design Award and Selection
## History
In 1958 the Industrial Design Council of Australia (IDCA) was established and funded by the Commonwealth Government. The goal was to educate manufacturers and consumers on the value of design and promote high standards of design in manufactured goods.
In 1964, the IDCA opened the first Australian Design Centre in Melbourne with an exhibition of selected products from the Australian Design Index. Federal and state government funding helped establish a new Design Centre in Sydney, with more centres in other cities.
In 1967 the Prince Philip Prize for Australian Design was set up, supported by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, to promote greater awareness of good design in Australian engineering. The inaugural Prince Philip Prize was awarded in 1968. Over 90 entries were received and the winning entry was a self-propelled grain header, designed by Kenneth Gibson. The Prince Philip Prize continued for twenty years.
Recognizing not only high-quality but innovative Australian-designed products, the Australian Design Award (ADA) program became a promotional tool for manufacturers and designers and provided a source of revenue for the IDCA to continue its operations. The Prince Philip Prize continued to be awarded, but only to products that had received the ADA.
Televised coverage of the Awards presentation on ABC TV reached audiences of over four million and in 1979, the first annual yearbook of ADA winners was published.
For the next two decades, however, continuing funding issues, dwindling industry support and a lack of direction was an issue with the IDCA. In 1987 to reinvigorate the movement, the government re-launched the IDCA as the Australian Design Council and the Prince Philip Prize was folded, leaving the ADA as Australia\'s top design accolade.
In 1991, control of the Australian Design Council and the ADA program moved to Standards Australia. Under Standards Australia, the ADA program continued to run, but the Australian Design Council was disbanded in 1993. New formats and incentives for the ADA program such as the Australian Design Mark certification scheme were trialed during the second half of the 1990s without success. In 1997 a revamped format was introduced to the Awards, using an online application form and first-round internet shortlisting. It attracted more than one hundred applications. The first Presentation Night was held at the Metro Theatre in Sydney. In 1998, profession-based categories were introduced.
However, the program was threatened by significant operating costs. The 1999 program was put on hold while Standards Australia explored other options to secure the future of the awards. The majority of staff was made redundant and for the first time in many years, no Design Awards were presented in Australia. The Design Institute of Australia was approached to take over the program but declined the financial commitment.
In 2008, on the 50th anniversary of the awards program, internationally designed products available for sale in Australia were allowed to enter the awards for the first time.
In late 2010, Standards Australia transferred the awards program to a new organization called Good Design Australia.
In 2015, the awards were renamed as the Australian Good Design Awards.
## Previous winners {#previous_winners}
Previous winners include:
- 2019: [Inventia](https://inventia.life/) - [RASTRUM 3D Bioprinter](https://www.design-industry.com.au/inventia-rastrum-3d-bio-printing) ([Product of the year](https://good-design.org/projects/inventia-rastrum-3d-bioprinter/))
- Caroma\'s Invisi Series II Toilet Suite and H2Zero Cube Urinal
- Qantas A380 Economy Class Seat designed by Marc Newson,
- 2005 Hella DuraRAY LED Warning Beacon
- 2004 Hella HydroLUX FF 1000 Submersible Driving Lamp System
- Ford XE Falcon
- 1987 Mitsubishi Magna wagon
- Holden VT Commodore
- Ford AU Falcon
- Ford Territory
- Holden Commodore VE Sportswagon and Ute
- Blueye Sport Goggle designed by Paul Cohen
- Victa Lawn Mower
- Bionic Ear
- winged keel
- VentrAssist Artificial Heart
- Sunbeam Mixmaster
- Test Series Cricket Helmet
- RØDE Podcaster microphone
- Dolphin Torch
- Enzie Spiral Stair
- 1974: P. A
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# Blanket stitch
The **blanket stitch** is a stitch used to reinforce the edge of thick materials. Depending on circumstances, it may also be called a *cable stitch* or a *crochet stitch*. It is \"a decorative stitch used to finish an unhemmed blanket. The stitch can be seen on both sides of the blanket.\"
## History
This stitch has long been both an application by hand and as a machine sewn stitch. When done by hand, it is sometimes considered a crochet stitch, used to join pieces together to make a blanket or other larger item. It is used in sewing leather pieces together, as traditionally done by indigenous American cultures, and even for weaving basket rims. The whipstitch is also a type of surgical suturing stitch.
When done by machine, it may be called a whip stitch or, sometimes, a Merrow Crochet Stitch, after the first sewing machine that was used to sew a blanket stitch. This machine was produced and patented by the Merrow Machine Company in 1877. The defining characteristic of the crochet machine is its ability to sew with yarn and stitch thick goods with a consistent overlock edge. From 1877 to 1925 the machine evolved dramatically, and consequently so did the capacity of manufacturers to produce goods with the whip stitch.
## Style
The blanket stitch is commonly used as a decorative stitch on an array of garments. Besides blankets, it is used on sweaters, outerwear, swimsuits, home furnishings, pillows, and much more. There are many styles of production blanket stitching, including rolled, narrow, with elastic, and traditional (see photos below).
Additionally, the term \"blanket stitch\" has become a verb, describing the application of the stitch
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# Henry Coyle (boxer)
**Henry Coyle** (born 8 July 1982) is an Irish former professional boxer who competed from 2007 to 2013. As an amateur, he won the Irish welterweight championship in 2003.
## Amateur career {#amateur_career}
Coyle boxed as an amateur winning the Irish welterweight title in 2003 after beating James Moore in the final at the National Boxing Stadium in Dublin.
In July 2006, Coyle won gold in boxing at the World Military Games in South Africa.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
Coyle made his professional debut on 16 March 2007 at Madison Square Garden in New York City, beating American Jason Collazo by a knockout (KO) in the first round. Coyle\'s second fight was a first-round technical knockout (TKO) victory against Samuel Ortiz Gomez at the Beacon Theatre on 18 May 2007. The following month, Coyle\'s third fight was against undefeated Omar Bell at the Hammerstein Ballroom. Coyle was knocked down, which was the first time Coyle had suffered a knockdown in his career. Before the fight was officially stopped, handing Coyle his first career loss, at just 29 seconds in the first round. On 14 September 2007, in his first fight back following the loss to Bell, Coyle stopped Robert Kimbrough by a first-round TKO. On 16 November 2007 at the Cicero Stadium in Cicero, Illinois, Coyle defeated Guy Packer by TKO in the first round.
On 15 November 2009, Coyle returned to the Breafy House in Castlebar County Mayo to make his Irish debut live on RTÉ on the undercard of Bernard Dunne fight against Cristian Faccio. Henry Coyle went the distance before receiving the referee\'s decision in overcoming Sergejs Savrinovics (who had lost all of his previous fights), the score cards read 78--74.
Coyle was subsequently defeated by knockout in the third round of his fight against Neil Sinclair, at the Odyssey Arena in Belfast.
Coyle claimed the vacant WBF Light Middleweight title at the Royal Theatre in Castlebar on 12 August 2011, when he beat Italy\'s Elio Cotena on a technical knockout. Coyle had been on top, winning each of the preceding rounds, and then in the fifth Cotena sustained an extremely deep`{{Clarify|date=June 2012}}`{=mediawiki} cut just above his eye after clashing with Coyle\'s head and the Italian\'s doctor intervened
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# KB Theatres
**KB Theatres** (a.k.a. KB Cinemas) was a Washington, D.C. area movie theatre chain that went out of business in January, 1994.
## History
Fred S. Kogod and Max Burka were the founders, and the K and B of the chains name. European immigrants, and brothers-in-law, the duo were successful in the grocery and real-estate business in the 1920s, before starting the chain. The first theater purchased by the company was the Princess Theater in 1926, which came as part of a larger real-estate buy. Their second theater, The Atlas located at 1331 H Street NE, Washington, D.C., was built by the company and opened in 1938 and closed in 1976.
The chain closed abruptly in January, 1994 with little warning to the community or employees. 10 of 15 theaters were sold to an investor partnership. Several KB locations were taken over by Cineplex Odeon
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# Whip stitch
A **whip stitch** is a simple sewing stitch that is used in crocheting, knitting and sewing, in which the needle is passed in and out of the fabric in a series of stitches that circle an edge of the fabric. In hand sewing, this stitch can be used to create a seam but can also be used for joining two pieces together. Whip stitching creates a nice edge and prevents the fabric from unraveling.
It is similar to the blanket stitch as it is a form of hand sewing stitch that helps in finishing edges.
## Other uses {#other_uses}
The whip stitch is often used in applique making, closing the sides of pillows and cushions, hemming jeans, attaching crocheted amigurumi toys together as it produces a neat seam, and in leather lacing as a decorative stitch in leather garments and accessories
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# Dat Whoopty Woop
***Dat Whoopty Woop*** is the debut studio album by American rapper and record producer Soopafly. It was released on July 31, 2001, through D.P.G. Recordz and distributed by Navarre Corporation. Production was handled by Daz Dillinger, who also served as executive producer, and Soopafly himself. It features guest appearances from Daz Dillinger, Big Tray Deee, Bad Azz, Crooked I, Lil\' C-Style, Gonzoe, Kurupt, Richie Rich, Snoop Dogg and Xzibit.
The album is composed mostly of unused tracks recorded for Death Row Records. The song \"Pimp City\" was included as LP and cassette bonus track for Daz\' 1998 album *Retaliation, Revenge and Get Back*, \"Like It or Not\" featured on 1999 Death Row compilation album *Suge Knight Represents: Chronic 2000 (Still Smokin\')*, and \"Way Too Often\" appeared on *Death Row Presents\... Tha Dogg Pound 2002*, which was released on the same date as *Dat Whoopty Woop*
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# Felsite Peak
**Felsite Peak** is an eroded volcanic outcrop in the Wrangell Volcanic Field, Yukon Territory, Canada, located 54 km south of Silver City, 8 km southwest of Snowshoe Peak and 30 km east of Pinnacle Peak. Felsite Peak was named after Felsite Creek and has a triple summit on the east side of the Disappointment Glacier and at the head of Felsite Creek.
It formed as a result of melting of the crust, due to subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the North American Plate and last erupted during the Pliocene. Like most volcanoes in the Yukon, it is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, that includes over 160 active volcanoes
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# Surrealist cinema
**Surrealist cinema** is a modernist approach to film theory, criticism, and production, with origins in Paris in the 1920s. The Surrealist movement used shocking, irrational, or absurd imagery and Freudian dream symbolism to challenge the traditional function of art to represent reality. Related to Dada cinema, Surrealist cinema is characterized by juxtapositions, the rejection of dramatic psychology, and a frequent use of shocking imagery. Philippe Soupault and André Breton's 1920 book collaboration *Les Champs magnétiques* is often considered to be the first Surrealist work, but it was only once Breton had completed his *Surrealist Manifesto* in 1924 that 'Surrealism drafted itself an official birth certificate.'
Surrealist films of the twenties include René Clair\'s *Entr\'acte* (1924), Fernand Léger\'s *Ballet Mécanique* (1924), Jean Renoir\'s *La Fille de l\'Eau* (1924), Marcel Duchamp\'s *Anemic Cinema* (1926), Jean Epstein\'s *Fall of the House of Usher* (1928) (with Luis Buñuel assisting), Watson and Webber\'s *Fall of the House of Usher* (1928) and Germaine Dulac\'s *The Seashell and the Clergyman* (1928) (from a screenplay by Antonin Artaud). Other films include *Un Chien Andalou* (1929) and *L\'Âge D\'Or* (1930), both by Buñuel and Salvador Dalí; Buñuel went on to direct many more films, never denying his surrealist roots. Ingmar Bergman said \"Buñuel nearly always made Buñuel films\".
## Theory
In his 2006 book *Surrealism and Cinema*, Michael Richardson argues that surrealist works cannot be defined by style or form, but rather as results of the practice of surrealism. Richardson writes: \"Within popular conceptions, surrealism is misunderstood in many different ways, some of which contradict others, but all of these misunderstandings are founded in the fact that they seek to reduce surrealism to a style or a thing in itself rather than being prepared to see it as an activity with broadening horizons. Many critics fail to recognize the distinctive qualities that make up the surrealist attitude. They seek something -- a theme, a particular type of imagery, certain concepts -- they can identify as \'surrealist\' in order to provide a criterion of judgement by which a film or artwork can be appraised. The problem is that this goes against the very essence of surrealism, which refuses to be here but is always elsewhere. It is not a thing but a relation between things and therefore needs to be treated as a whole. Surrealists are not concerned with conjuring up some magic world that can be defined as \'surreal\'. Their interest is almost exclusively in exploring the conjunctions, the points of contact, between different realms of existence. Surrealism is always about departures rather than arrivals.\" Rather than a fixed aesthetic, Richardson defines surrealism as \"a shifting point of magnetism around which the collective activity of the surrealists revolves.\"
Surrealism draws upon irrational imagery and the subconscious mind. Surrealists should not, however, be mistaken as whimsical or incapable of logical thought; rather, most Surrealists promote themselves as revolutionaries.
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# Surrealist cinema
## History
Surrealism was the first literary and artistic movement to become seriously associated with cinema, though it has also been a movement largely neglected by film critics and historians. However, shortlived though its popularity was, it became known for its dream-like quality, juxtaposition of everyday people and objects in irrational forms, and the abstraction of real life, places, and things. Highly influenced by Freudian psychology, surrealism sought to bring the unconscious mind to visual life. \"Balanced between symbolism and realism, surrealist cinema commentated on themes of life, death, modernity, politics, religion, and art itself.\"
The foundations of the movement began in France and coincided with the birth of motion pictures. France served as the birthplace of surrealist cinema because of a fortunate combination of easy access to film equipment, film financing, and a plethora of interested artists and audiences. The Surrealists who participated in the movement were among the first generation to have grown up with film as a part of daily life.
Breton himself, even before the launching of the movement, possessed an avid interest in film: while serving in the First World War, he was stationed in Nantes and, during his spare time, would frequent the movie houses with a superior named Jacques Vaché. According to Breton, he and Vaché ignored movie titles and times, preferring to drop in at any given moment and view the films without any foreknowledge. When they grew bored, they left and visited the next theater. Breton\'s movie-going habits supplied him with a stream of images with no constructed order about them. He could juxtapose the images of one film with those of another, and from the experience craft his own interpretation.
Referring to his experiences with Vaché, he once remarked, \"I think what we \[valued\] most in it, to the point of taking no interest in anything else, was its power to disorient.\" Breton believed that film could help one abstract himself from \"real life\" whenever he felt like it.
Serials, which often contained cliffhanger effects and hints of \"other worldliness,\" were attractive to early Surrealists. Examples include Houdini\'s daredevil deeds and the escapades of Musidora and Pearl White in detective stories. What endeared Surrealists most to the genre was its ability to evoke and sustain a sense of mystery and suspense in viewers.
The Surrealists saw in film a medium which nullified reality\'s boundaries. Film critic René Gardies wrote in 1968, \"Now the cinema is, quite naturally, the privileged instrument for derealising (sic) the world. Its technical resources\... allied with its photo-magic, provide the alchemical tools for transforming reality.\"
Surrealist artists were interested in cinema as a medium for expression. As cinema continued to develop in the 1920s, many Surrealists saw in it an opportunity to portray the ridiculous as rational. \"Surrealist artists realized that the film camera could capture the real world in a dreamlike way that their pens and paintbrushes could not: superimpositions, overexposures, fast-motion, slow-motion, reverse-motion, stop-motion, lens flares, large depth of field, shallow depth of field, and more bizarre camera tricks could transform the original image in front of the lens into something new once exposed on the film plate. For surrealists, film gave them the ability to challenge and mold the boundaries between fantasy and reality, especially with space and time. Like the dreams they wished to bring to life, film had no limits or rules.\" Cinema provided more convincing illusions than its closest rival, theatre, and the tendency for Surrealists to express themselves through film was a sign of their confidence in the adaptability of cinema to Surrealism\'s goals and requirements. They were the first to take seriously the resemblance between film\'s imaginary images and those of dreams and the unconscious. Luis Buñuel said, \"The film seems to be the involuntary imitation of the dream.\"
Surrealist filmmakers sought to re-define human awareness of reality by illustrating that the \"real\" was little more than what was perceived as real; that reality was subject to no limits beyond those mankind imposed upon it. Breton once compared the experience of Surrealist literature to \"the point at which the waking state joins sleep.\" His analogy helps to explain the advantage of cinema over books in facilitating the kind of release Surrealists sought from their daily pressures. The modernity of film was appealing to as well.
Critics have debated whether \"Surrealist film\" constitutes a distinct genre. Recognition of a cinematographic genre involves the ability to cite many works which share thematic, formal, and stylistic traits. To refer to Surrealism as a genre is to imply that there is repetition of elements and a recognizable, \"generic formula\" which describes their makeup. Several critics have argued that, due to Surrealism\'s use of the irrational and on non-sequitur, it is impossible for Surrealist films to constitute a genre.
While there are numerous films which are true expressions of the movement, many other films which have been classified as Surrealist simply contain Surrealist fragments. Rather than \"Surrealist film\" the more accurate term for such works may be \"Surrealism *in* film.\"
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# Surrealist cinema
## Surrealist films and filmmakers {#surrealist_films_and_filmmakers}
### Films of the Parisian Surrealist Group {#films_of_the_parisian_surrealist_group}
thumb\|thumbtime=718\|*The Seashell and the Clergyman* (1928), directed by Germaine Dulac
- *Entr\'acte*: a 22-minute, silent French film, written by René Clair and Francis Picabia, and directed by Clair, released December 4, 1924.
- *The Seashell and the Clergyman*: a 31-minute, silent film, written by Antonin Artaud, and directed by Germaine Dulac, released in February 1928.
- *L\'Étoile de mer*: a 15-minute silent French film written and directed by Man Ray, released in 1928.
- *Un Chien Andalou*: a 21-minute, silent French film, written by Salvador Dalí and Luis Buñuel, and directed by Buñuel, released in 1929.
- *Les Mystères du Château de Dé*: a 27 minute silent French film written and directed by Man Ray, released in 1929.
- *L\'Age d\'Or*: a 60-minute French film with sound, written by Dalí and Buñuel, and directed by Buñuel, released in 1930.
### Later films {#later_films}
thumb\|right\|thumbtime=10\|*Meshes of the Afternoon* (1943), directed by Maya Deren and Alexander Hammid Joseph Cornell produced surrealist films in the United States in the later 1930s (such as *Rose Hobart* in 1936). Antonin Artaud, Philippe Soupault, and Robert Desnos wrote screenplays for later films. Salvador Dalí designed a dream sequence for Alfred Hitchcock\'s film *Spellbound* (1945). It was one of the first American films to use psychoanalysis as a major element of the story. Hitchcock wanted to capture the vividness of dreams as never before and felt that Dalí was the person to help him do so. Given the importance of the dream sequence, the director gave the artist free rein to bring to the screen an innovative vision of the way dreams could be represented.
Maya Deren made numerous silent short films, among them the renowned *Meshes of the Afternoon* replete with surreal, dreamlike scenes and encounters.`{{Circular reference|date=February 2021}}`{=mediawiki}
Jan Švankmajer, a member of the still-active Czech Surrealist Group, continues to direct films.
In 1946, Dalí and Walt Disney began work on a film called *Destino*; the project was finally finished in 2003.
Many of the films of David Lynch, such as *Eraserhead* (1977), *Lost Highway* (1997), *Mulholland Drive* (2001) and *Inland Empire* (2006), have been considered surrealist. Other directors whose films have been considered surrealist include: Spanish writer, director, playwright, and member of Breton\'s Surrealist Group, Fernando Arrabal (*I Will Walk Like a Crazy Horse*); Chilean writer and director Alejandro Jodorowsky (*El Topo*, *The Holy Mountain*); and American directors Stephen Sayadian (*Dr. Caligari*) and Brian Patrick Butler (*Friend of the World*). Another filmmaker and writer known to create surrealist films is Charlie Kaufman. Some of these films include *Being John Malkovich* (1999), *Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind* (2004), *Synecdoche, New York* (2008), *Anomalisa* (2015) and *I\'m Thinking of Ending Things* (2020)
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# Oost, Limburg
**Oost** is a village (and a former municipality) in the south of the Netherlands. There it is situated near the \"Maas\" (\"Meuse\") river in the southwestern part of the province of Limburg.
Oost is the larger part of the merged administrative population centre of Oost-Maarland, which is part of the municipality of Eijsden-Margraten. This municipality borders with Belgium to the south and to the west. To the west that border mostly corresponds with the Meuse river. As Oost is situated in the westernmost part of this municipality, to the west its outlying area borders the Meuse river and Belgium.
Oost has more than 600 inhabitants and is situated 7 km south of the city of Maastricht and 3 kilometers north of Eijsden, which is the largest place in the municipality.
## History
The region around Oost has a complex history, but significantly, many centuries ago, Oost was a seignory and its own municipality and a \"ban\" (judicial district) of the Dalhem county. Since the Peace of Münster in 1648 it is part of the Northern Netherlands.
In 1828, Oost was merged with the nearby Eijsden municipality.
At the same time Maarland, the separate village a few hundred meters to the south east, that was part of another municipality also became part of Eijsden, and was joined with Oost. The name of this new \'administrative centre\' became \"Oost-Maarland\".
On January 1, 2011, the Eijsden municipality merged with the neighbouring municipality of Margraten and so Oost became part of the Eijsden-Margraten municipality.
## Name perils {#name_perils}
The name \"Oost-Maarland\" could lead to some confusion as \"Oost\" is also the Dutch word for \"East\", so it might be expected to be the eastern part of the merged village (or a place called Maarland). Oost and Maarland are situated beside one other, but Oost (despite its name) is the western part, near the river Meuse and Maarland is the southeastern part of the community. In fact, \"Oost en Maarland\" (\"Oost and Maarland\") would be a clearer place-name.
The origin of the name \"Oost\" has surprisingly nothing to do with location. It is said to be derived from \"Augusta\". Once Saint Augusta of Treviso was the patron saint of the village, that then was called \"Augustakirchen\", after the church, that then was there, dedicated to that saint. By the 18th century already the name had been deformed to \"Aoust\").
## Economy
The main economic activities in the village have, for generations, been (and still partially are with several working farms):
- Fruit growing (apples, pears, prunes, cherries, strawberries).
- Grain growing (wheat, barley, corn)
- Cattle farming (milk cows, hen\'s eggs)
Naturally jobs in industry and services in nearby larger settlements have been and still are providing employment to villagers.
Furthermore, since a number of farms have lost (a considerable part of) their agricultural land to several causes, such as extraction of grit in the river area and small industrial as well as housing projects, most of them have been rebuilt thus, that in former business buildings like stables now touristic apartments are rented out.
## Culture
- Apart from a citizen soldiery, which has its own yearly events, there\'s other folklore in this village, like in many other villages in this region, on their separate festival days with a religious background. This festival, called the \"Bronk\", starts on a Sunday in June, July or August with a procession in which the priest carries the Blessed Sacrament through the streets of the village, which for that occasion are festively decked. A typical element of these processions is the fact that on multiple stops in their route temporary altars are built, in front of which flower carpets have been laid out. When these piousnesses have ended around noon, two or three days of feasting follow. One folkloristic part of this event is the round dancing called \"Cramignon\", which also takes place in the streets, whereas the involved are moving from café to café, (but not to drink coffee).
- For a long time constantly a number of inhabitants of this village have been either musicians or board members of the military band St. Cecile, which is based in the neighbouring Eijsden and has several times ended on the first place in the highest Concert division of the World Music Contest at Kerkrade.
Results of the 16th WMC in 2013
## Nature
To the west and northwest of the village a considerable part of its former fruit-tree area were lost by the extraction of grit, which was abundantly present in the soil near the river. By now there\'s a lot of water around there, some water-recreation and some wild nature: the riverside nature reserve of \"Eijsder beemden\" (\"Eijsden meadows\", which in fact are the \"Oost meadows\").
Primarily to the north and east of the village there are still large agricultural areas with orchards, fruit plantations, grazing pastures and arable fields. Due to a nearby constructed highway, some business buildings and a reallocation however since the second half of the seventies the composing grounds with names as \"Oosterbroek\" and \"Overbroek\" have lost an considerable part of their former country charm, which also was so special as a result of their situation in the Meuse valley, with on both the east and the west side green afforested flanks of two bordering plateaux
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# Kasumi Suzuki
is a Japanese actress. She is best known for playing Lije in *Bakuryū Sentai Abaranger*, Naomi in *Drama 8 Geinōsha*, Akemi Nagase in *Kaidan Shin Mimibukuro: Yūrei Mansion*, Yuri Nakanishi in *Threads of Destiny*, and Yurine in *Karas*.
## Filmography
### Theatre
Year Title Role Note
------ --------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------- ------
2001 *Sera Myu: Tanjou Ankoku No Princess Black Lady + (Kaiteban)* Manna ---
2002 *Ojamajo Kids* Doremi Harukaze
### Television
Year Title Role Network Note
------ ---------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2003 *Bakuryū Sentai Abaranger* Lije/Kasumi TV Asahi Supporting role
2004 *Daisuki! Itsutsu-go 6* Yuka Takeuchi TBS Supporting role
2007 *Detective Academy Q* Mari Asabuki Nippon TV Episodes 4 and 5
2007 *Kamen Rider Kabuto* Keiko Kobayashi TV Asahi Episodes 37 and 38
2009 *Drama 8 Geinōsha* Naomi NHK Lead role
2008 *Threads of Destiny* Yuri Nakanishi Fuji TV Supporting role{{cite news \| url=<https://www.cinematoday.jp/news/N0016335> \| title=溝端淳平に、女子中高生600人「ヤバイ
2011 *Kamen Rider Fourze* Yayoi Tokuda/Coma Zodiarts TV Asahi Episodes 25 and 26
### Films
Year Title Role Note
------ ------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2003 *Bakuryū Sentai Abaranger Deluxe: Abare Summer is Freezing Cold!* Lije ---
2004 *Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger vs. Abaranger* Special waitress Direct-to-DVD; cameo
2005 *Zoo* --- \"Hidamari no Uta\" segment; voice only
2008 *GeGeGe no Kitarō* Ai Tanaka Supporting role
2008 *Threads of Destiny* Yuri Nakanishi Supporting role
2010 *Kaidan Shin Mimibukuro: Yūrei Mansion* Akemi Nagase \"Tsukimono\" segment; lead role{{cite news \| url=<https://www.cinematoday
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# Kelly Goodburn
**Kelly Joe Goodburn** (born April 14, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was a punter for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Iowa State Cyclones and Emporia State Hornets. Goodburn entered the NFL by signing as a free agent with the Kansas City Chiefs in 1987. He played in Super Bowl XXVI for the Washington Redskins.
Goodburn was raised in the small town of Cushing, Iowa, where he led the Eastwood Raiders to an Iowa High School Athletic Association State Championship in 1978
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# The Vista (Lewisville, Texas)
**The Vista**, formerly **Music City Mall**, and originally **Vista Ridge Mall**, is a shopping mall in Lewisville, Texas, United States, owned and managed by 1000 South Vermont LLC. Opened in 1989, it is located on the southwest corner of Round Grove Road and the portion of Interstate 35E known as Stemmons Freeway. As of January 2025, the mall contains 59 businesses. The current anchors are Dillard\'s Clearance, Cinemark, Zion Market, and [Quicklotz](https://www.quicklotz.com). The mall contains one vacant anchor, a former Macy\'s.
## History
The Vista opened on October 4, 1989, as Vista Ridge Mall. A preview party was held the night prior from 6:30PM-8:30 pm, with grand opening ceremonies taking place in the center court on October 4 at 9:30 am. Television host Bob Eubanks presided over the ribbon cutting ceremony. Several other celebrities made appearances at the mall throughout the opening weekend, including Ron Chapman of radio station KVIL, Texas Rangers baseball players Rafael Palmeiro and Julio Franco, Miss Texas Leah Kay Lyle, and Corbin Bernsen of L.A. Law. Upon opening, Vista Ridge Mall was the largest mall in the Southwestern United States.
On October 20, 1989, Cinemark opened its then flagship 12-screen location inside Vista Ridge Mall, with the marquee and ticket office located in the center court. At the time, the theater was the largest in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.
The mall opened with 74 stores, with Sears and Dillard\'s as the initial anchors. By March 1990, the mall was 65% leased, and an additional 19 stores had opened, including The Gap, Casual Corner, and The Limited. The mall added a third anchor when JCPenney opened its Vista Ridge Mall location on August 1, 1990. The fourth anchor to open was Foley\'s, a unit of May Department Stores, as part of an expansion push by the chain. The store held its dedication in 1991. In 1991, Vista Ridge Mall underwent interior renovations to make the indoor areas more appealing. The mall has won several architectural design awards, Merit Awards, and International Council of Shopping Centers MAXI Awards.The mall competes with nearby Grapevine Mills, which opened in October 1997. The August 2000 opening of Stonebriar Centre in nearby Frisco affected the sales of Lewisville\'s Vista Ridge Mall and Plano\'s Collin Creek Mall as both malls experienced what Larry Howard, vice president for development of General Growth Properties Inc., called \"some cannibalization\".
On September 22, 2006, Cinemark opened an attached 15-screen movie theater, which contains entrances both inside and outside the mall, replacing the 12-screen location which opened in 1989. The original theater has since remained unused.
Foley\'s was rebranded as Macy\'s in September 2006, as part of Federated Department Stores acquisition and rebranding of May Department Stores.
In January 2013, a man killed himself inside the mall following a domestic dispute. No other injuries or deaths occurred during the incident.
On December 9, 2013, Vista Ridge Mall was featured in an episode of the TLC series, *Bakery Boss*. On March 23, 2014, the mall was featured in an episode of the Food Network series, *Food Court Wars*. Pop singer Tiffany performed a concert at the mall during production of the episode.
For several years in the 2010s, Vista Ridge Mall hosted a \"Say Goodbye to Summer\" party for local students.
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# The Vista (Lewisville, Texas)
## Music City Mall, Lewisville (2017--2022) {#music_city_mall_lewisville_20172022}
In October 2017, the mall was sold for \$17.3 million in an online auction to Texas businessman John Bushman of ICA Properties, which owns Music City Mall, Odessa. Notably, the mall sold for less than its appraised value of \$34.5 million. Upon the purchase, Vista Ridge Mall was renamed Music City Mall, Lewisville. ICA Properties later unveiled a monument inside the mall featuring the Ten Commandments, which they have a tradition of doing at all of their properties.
On September 18, 2018, the mall hosted a grand re-opening celebration, featuring Disney Channel stars Olivia Rodrigo and Kevin Quinn. The event also included activities for families.
Following the purchase, the mall transitioned to a music-focused identity, and it became a key supporter of the local music and arts scene. Under this ownership, the mall featured multiple live performances seven days a week, which helped sustain local musicians. Music City Mall continued live performances during the COVID-19 pandemic, while adhering to CDC guidelines. The mall began hosting several events throughout the year, such as Malloween, the annual Christmas Tree Lighting ceremony, Dallas Comic Show, and ToyCon. In 2019, the mall hosted the K-Pop Together music festival. The mall still hosts some events, the most notable of which being Dallas Comic Show, which features celebrity appearances.
On May 31, 2018, Sears announced it would be closing as part of a plan to close 72 stores nationwide. The store closed in September 2018. In August 2019, Zion Market opened its first Texas location in the former Sears.
Dillard\'s transitioned into a clearance location in May 2019. The store is only accessible from exterior entrances, as it keeps the mall gate closed during business hours. On June 4, 2020, JCPenney announced it would be closing as part of a plan to close 154 stores nationwide. The store completed its liquidation on October 18, 2020.On January 6, 2021, Macy\'s announced it would be closing its location in Music City Mall as part of a plan to close 46 stores nationwide. Macy\'s completed its liquidation on March 21, 2021, leaving Dillard\'s Clearance as the only traditional department store left.
The Freeform series, *Cruel Summer*, used the mall as a filming location. The series ran from April 20, 2021, to July 31, 2023.
In September 2022, ICA Properties sold the mall to 1000 South Vermont LLC.
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# The Vista (Lewisville, Texas)
## Tenants
The Vista is home to several notable tenants. The Charming Cat Corner, a public foster home for cats, opened at the mall in 2015. Visitors can spend time with the cats, who are all available for adoption. The business was inspired by Cat cafés where visitors spend time with cats while enjoying food and beverages. The Charming Cat Corner does not offer food or beverages due to its proximity to the mall food court.
In 2017, Lest We Forget WWII Museum relocated to the mall from Valley View Center in Dallas. The museum houses World War II artifacts, uniforms, and flags.
Pros & Heroes, a sports memorabilia store, often hosts professional athletes and coaches for signing events at the mall.
Scout\'s Legacy Service Dogs, a North Texas-based service dog training organization, occasionally uses the mall as a training location.
## Anchors
Current:
- Dillard\'s Clearance *(opened 1989, converted to Clearance location in May 2019*)
- Cinemark *(opened 2006, replaced original 12-screen venue in center court)*
- Zion Market *(opened 1989 as Sears, closed September 2018, reoccupied by Zion Market in August 2019)*
- [Quicklotz](https://www.quicklotz.com) *(opened 1990 as JCPenney, closed October 18, 2020, reoccupied by Quicklotz November 1, 2024)*
Former:
- Macy\'s *(opened 1991 as Foley\'s, became Macy\'s in 2006, closed March 21, 2021)*
## Redevelopment (2022--present) {#redevelopment_2022present}
On March 21, 2022, the Lewisville City Council approved an agreement with Catalyst Urban Development to prepare for the first phases of a Music City Mall redevelopment project. The mall was then purchased by 1000 South Vermont LLC in September 2022. Upon the sale of the mall, the live performances were discontinued, and the Ten Commandments monument was removed. The following month, signage featuring the Music City Mall name and logo was removed from the building, revealing the original Vista Ridge Mall signage which sat underneath. Tenants and employees of the mall were informed that the mall would once again be renamed, this time to \"The Vista\". In November 2022, mall directories were updated to reflect the new name, although exterior signage still refers to the mall as \"Vista Ridge Mall\".
In March 2023, during the annual Lewisville City Council Retreat, plans were discussed to redevelop the mall into a mixed-use space which will tentatively contain housing, businesses, shops, restaurants, and entertainment. Concept art presented during the retreat shows that much of the mall will be demolished, however, Dillards, Zion Market, and Cinemark will remain. The glass atrium where the food court currently stands will also remain, as a tribute to the mall which was a Lewisville staple for decades.
In March 2024, during the annual Lewisville City Council Retreat, Lewisville Mayor TJ Gilmore mentioned that mall redevelopment plans had been discussed as early as 2013 or 2014. It was also mentioned that the mall owners hired their own architects and engineers to make adjustments to the redevelopment plans discussed the year prior.
On February 9, 2024, a bond election was called by the Lewisville City Council asking voters to consider various projects around the city. One of the proposals included funding for street infrastructure at the current mall site. The election was held on May 4, 2024, with the proposal being approved by 77% of voters. The project will include right-of-way, utilities, drainage, grading and erosion control, along with other engineering expenses. The total cost for the project is \$32,228,582.
Redevelopment plans have not yet been finalized as the city of Lewisville is working to find a developer for the project.
On November 1, 2024, [Quicklotz](https://www.quicklotz.com) relocated to the mall from North East Mall in Hurst, partially utilizing the space formerly occupied by JCPenney
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# List of artificial pet games
*Pet Simulator*}} A pet simulator game is a game about raising and caring for a virtual pet.
## Handheld electronic game {#handheld_electronic_game}
- Digital Monster (*Digimon*)
- Giga Pet
- Pokémon Pikachu
- Tamagotchi
- Pingu & Pinga Best Friends (Japanese: PINGU＆PINGA ちいさなともだち)
## Console or handheld {#console_or_handheld}
## Social network embedded {#social_network_embedded}
- *Pet Society*
- *PetVille*
## Mobile games {#mobile_games}
- *My Talking Angela*
- *My Talking Tom*
- *Pocket Frogs*
- *Pou*
- *Dragonvale*
## PC games {#pc_games}
- *Adopt Me!*
- *Animal Jam*
- *Busou Shinki Battle Rondo*
- *Creatures*
- *Fin Fin on Teo the Magic Planet*
- *Fish Tycoon*
- *GoPets*
- *Insaniquarium*
- *MOPy fish*
- *PF.Magic*{{\'s}} Petz series
- *Puppy Luv*
- *The Sims 2: Pets*
- *The Sims 3: Pets*
- *The Sims 4: Cats & Dogs*
- *The Sims: Unleashed*
- *Neopets*
- *Zoo Tycoon 2*
## Browser-based games {#browser_based_games}
Title Gameplay Founder/developer Release date Revenue model
------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------- ----------------------------------------
*Shining Stars* Virtual world Russ Berrie 2006
*Horse Isle* Horse-based Breeding simulation, horse riding, questing and flash-based virtual world Horse Isle 2010
*Horseland* Breeding simulation Christina (Gerskovich) Johnson 1995
*Leporidae* Rabbit breeding and showing simulation 2015
*Moshi Monsters* Virtual world Mind Candy 2007
*Neopets* Virtual world Neopets Inc
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# Oud-Valkenburg
**Oud-Valkenburg** (*English: Old-Falkenburg*) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul, and has about 115 inhabitants.
Although small, Oud-Valkenburg counts several monuments, among which are two medieval castles: *Genhoes* and *Schaloen*. Noteworthy is also the Roman Catholic church of Saint John the Baptist (medieval nave; choir and baroque altar inside by Johann Joseph Couven).
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1041 as Falchenberch, and is named after the castle. Around 1100, a new castle was built further to the west. The settlement which developed around the new castle is called Valkenburg, and the old settlement Oud-Valkenburg.
Genhoes Castle is a castle surrounded by a moat which was called Alden-Valkenburg in 1241. It was damaged by war in 1575, and restored in 1620. The U-shaped front building dates from the 18th century but burnt down in 1860.
The Catholic John the Baptist Church is a three aisled church with 11th century elements. The tower was added in the 14th century. It was enlarged several times and restored in 1984.
Oud-Valkenburg was a separate municipality until 1940, when it was merged with Valkenburg. The municipality included the villages Sibbe and IJzeren. In 1982, it became part of the municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul
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# Sufia Kamal National Public Library
The **Sufia Kamal National Public Library** (*সুফিয়া কামাল জাতীয় গণগ্রন্থাগার*) is the largest public library in Bangladesh and houses the central administration of the Department of Public Libraries, under the Ministry of Cultural Affairs. The library was named \"Central Public Library\" between 2004 and 2010. The library is located in Dhaka\'s Shahbag neighbourhood.
The auditorium (Shawkat Osman Auditorium) of the library is a major venue for cultural events in Dhaka, including the International Short and Independent Film Festival. It also houses the Library Training Institute funded and managed by the Library Association of Bangladesh (LAB). It also has a reprography service, in-house bindery and conservation section.
## History
The foundation stone for Dhaka Central Public Library was laid in 1954 with the Registrar of Dhaka University as part-time Librarian. Designated to be the centre for the public library system in the then East Pakistan on the basis of the recommendations made by Australian Library consultant Mr. L C Key in 1955, it was opened to the public on 22 March 1958 with a stock of 10,040 books. In 1978 the library moved to its building near the Shahbag Intersection from its original building designed by pioneering Bangladeshi architect Mazharul Islam, which went on to house the Dhaka University Central Library. The Department of the Public Libraries was established with Bangladesh Central Public Library as its headquarters in 1984. Between 1980 and 1985 UNESCO provided nearly 9.9 million Bangladeshi taka to develop the library.
The library has undergone a number of name changes. Previously it was named the Sufia Kamal National Public Library after the Bangladeshi writer Begum Sufia Kamal. However, in 2004 the name was changed to the \"Central Public Library\", amid protests from cultural activists who cited Sufia Kamal worthy of the honour. However, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party State Minister for Cultural Affairs, Selina Rahman, defended the decision at the time, stating, \"We\'re not changing the name, rather restoring it to its original one. Our aim is not to name any government institution after any person.\" However, in 2010 the subsequent Awami League administration again changed the name back to Sufia Kamal National Public Library.
In February 2022, the government announced that the library building would be demolished to make way for a more modern facility. In the interim, library operations would be shifted to the Institution of Diploma Engineers, Bangladesh (IDEB) at Kakrail for a minimum of three years.
## Collection
As of March 2007, the Library had 119,750 books in its collection, including old and rare books with historical value, along with a small valuable collection of 40 to 50 manuscripts titles for research and reference services. Books in the collection are mostly in Bengali and English, as well as other languages including Urdu, Hindi, Arabic and Persian. As a depository library, it deposits all Bangladeshi publications under the Copyright. The Library receives most of the Bangladeshi daily newspapers and periodicals. It also has a special collection of juvenile material and is providing separate reading facilities for children. The Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system with minor modifications is used to organise library materials.
## Library hours {#library_hours}
The library remains open from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. on all days except Fridays and national holidays. On 26 July 2003 started 24 hours reader service, which ceased on 1 March 2004 since drug abusers were taking opportunity of those hours. The district and branch libraries managed by the Department of Public Libraries remain open from 11:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on all days except Fridays and government holidays. Lending facilities were introduced in 1994. As of 2004, the average number of readers was about 2,500 a day
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# Scrambled Aches
***Scrambled Aches*** is a 1957 Warner Bros. *Looney Tunes* cartoon directed by Chuck Jones. The short was released on January 26, 1957, and stars Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner. The title is a pun on scrambled eggs.
## Plot
Wile E. Coyote (with the mock Binomial nomenclature in Dog Latin *Eternalii Famishiis*) and the Road Runner (*Tastyus Supersonicus*) are conducting their routine chase along the twisty roads in the desert. As Wile E. closes in on the Road Runner, a 4-way intersection is reached, and the Road Runner takes a left turn. Wile E. misses the turn and, as he brakes himself - digging himself into the dirt - he does not notice a \"DANGER BRIDGE OUT\" sign. Thus, he falls off the edge of the plateau, creating a coyote-shaped hole in the ground below. He emerges from the hole already planning his next scheme.
1\. Thinking simple, Wile E. attempts to merely trip the Road Runner. He uses a fake coyote foot/partial leg, to avoid unpleasant repercussions on himself, but the speed with which the Road Runner hits the foot causes the entire prop to wind tightly. Coming out from his hiding place to ponder the situation, the Coyote places his hand on the top of the leg and leans against it. It unreels, causing his body to wind tightly.
2\. Wile E. broods, scratches in the dirt and soon comes up with a new plan: Attach a stick of dynamite to a string and throw it out like a lasso. However, when Wile E. circles the string over his head, it wraps itself around his face, the dynamite then explodes.
3\. Again going for speed, the Coyote builds a contraption rigged from a fan, a sail, and roller skates to propel himself down the road. In a straight line, this idea performs excellently; however, it lacks the capacity to follow the Road Runner around a tight curve. Wile E. is thrown into an anomalous body of water, roars onto a dirt beach, and slams directly into a cliff face.
4\. Next, Wile E. holds onto a large fireworks-type rocket and lights it as the Road Runner passes, hoping to give semi-aerial chase. The firework takes off without its owner, flaying the coyote\'s chest in the process, and then it hits a curve, reverses itself and, on the way back, flays his pâté and behind. Wile E angrily walks off.
5\. Wile E. tries to pull a large boulder onto one end of a see-saw to launch himself towards the Road Runner who is standing on a high cliff, but the boulder squashes him instead.
6\. Wile E. pushes an anvil tied to a balloon off an outcropping, and then pulls the string when he hears the Road Runner, trying to flatten his nemesis. The anvil and the Road Runner converge towards the same spot in the bridge, but the Road Runner brakes just in time to avoid it. The anvil smashes through the bridge, hits a power line and is thrown back up; it drops towards the Coyote who is perched on the very edge of the outcropping. Shivering with fear, Wile E. covers his head, preparing for the impact. The anvil misses him, instead breaking through another part of the outcropping. The Coyote sighs with relief, but soon realizes he is defying gravity and is then subject to it!
7\. Again deciding to give semi-aerial chase, the Coyote retracts a massive spring attached to a cliff face and places his hindquarters into it. As the Road Runner passes on the left, Wile E. takes his hands from the ground. Rather than launching at the bird, he simply gets trapped inside the spring as it extends.
8\. Another ACME product (Dehydrated Boulders) takes the scene. Wile E. picks one of them - they are pebble-sized - and places a drop of water on it. He holds it above his head, thinking he will throw the hydrated boulder at the Road Runner below. Once it\'s fully grown, the boulder crushes the Coyote.
9\. In a final attempt to outrun and flatten the Road Runner, the Coyote constructs an outboard steam roller. When he turns it on, it rolls away from him and down the road. Wile E. runs after it. The steam roller soon encounters the Road Runner, who reverses direction and runs away. Wile E. continues to chase his creation, while in what appears to be a convenient Deus ex machina, a fork comes up ahead with a sign stating: **In case of steam roller use Detour.** The Road Runner takes the detour, with the Coyote still in hot pursuit, and zooms into a miniature \"escape tunnel\", which is actually the mouth of a cannon. Wile E. leaps behind the cannon, lights the fuse and sits down, tired but satisfied. The fuse smokes, but the cannon doesn\'t fire. Confused, Wile E. looks inside the cannon and sees a white light, accompanied by railroad noises, approaching fast. Seeing no danger, he laughs and looks inside again, but the cannon fires, and the Road Runner comes out, riding atop the cannonball. He turns to wave to the completely ashen Coyote. As he walks, his stream roller appears, rolling toward him. Wile E. holds up a sign saying: *\"This is the end\"* just as he is flattened.
## Home media {#home_media}
- Laserdisc: *Road Runner Vs. Wile E. Coyote: If At First You Don\'t Succeed\...*
- VHS: *Road Runner And Wile E
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# Bernard Zabłocki
**Bernard Zabłocki** (January 1, 1907 in Navahrudak -- March 3, 2002 in Delta, British Columbia) was a Polish microbiologist and immunologist. He was a professor at the University of Łódź (since 1950) and a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences (since 1965). Notable works include *Bakterie i wirusy chorobotwórcze człowieka* (1966) and *Podstawy współczesnej immunologii* (1973)
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# Des Moines Demons
The **Des Moines Demons** were a minor league baseball team that was located in Des Moines, Iowa from 1925 to 1937 and 1959 to 1961. The teams played at Holcomb Park. The first professional night baseball game was played at Holcomb Park when the Demons played at home on May 2, 1930.
## Demons\' Seasons {#demons_seasons}
**1925** In 1925 the Des Moines Boosters of the Western League became the **Des Moines Demons**. The club from Des Moines, Iowa broke in in fine form, winning the pennant with a 98--70 record, one game ahead of the Denver Bears. The Demons had six representatives on the All-Star team: First baseman Charles Stuvengen collected 229 hits, 18 of which were triples, to complement a .349, which was fifth in the Western League. Outfielder Sam Langford hit .339 with a league leading 160 runs. Outfielder Pug Griffin hit .320 with 23 home runs, catcher Homer Haworth hit .295, pitcher Herm Holshouser posted a record of 19--8 and pitcher Claude Thomas went 19--6. Leo Moon went 22--13 with 127 strikeouts on the season and tied for third in the league in wins and strikeouts. Left off of the All-Star team was the most productive hitter in the Triple Crown categories, Dutch Wetzel, who batted .353 and was second in the league with 32 homers.
**1926**
The Demons repeated as champions in 1926, winning another close race. Their 99--64 record gave them fewer wins than the Oklahoma City Indians, though they finished with two fewer losses and a half-game margin of victory overall. Oklahoma City claimed that other clubs (the Wichita Izzies, Lincoln Links and Tulsa Oilers) threw games to Des Moines but Western League president Mike Sexton cleared all involved parties. Des Moines lost a Mid-Western Championship to the Three-I League champion Springfield Senators team by a three games to one margin. The Demons had been led by Moon (an All-Star with a 24--8 record) and Pat Malone (28--13, second in the league in wins and first with 190 strikeouts) on the mound and Wetzel (.352 batting average, 18 home runs, sixth in average and tied for third with 394 total bases) and Griffin (an All-Star again with a .345 average and 18 homers). 40-year-old player-manager Shano Collins batted .315 with 14 home runs. **1927** Collins tied for the team lead with 11 home runs and hit .331 at age 41 in 1927 but the team fell to third at 82--72. Langford returned and led the league in hitting (.409), triples (28) and steals (31, tied for the lead with Wilbur Swansboro). He was tied for fourth in doubles (47), second in hits (250) and fourth in total bases (377). Joining him on the All-Star team were C Joe Sprinz who batted .314, utility man Al Van Camp who hit .309 with 11 home runs and pitcher Fred Ortman who went 21--11. Claude Davenport, who went 21--10, and Ortman tied for second in the league in wins; Davenport was also second in innings worked at 289. **1928** The bottom fell out for Des Moines in 1928 as they finished last in the first half (28--50) and last overall (62--98). The one bright spot was Van Camp\'s hitting, as he was fifth in the league with 19 triples, hit .351 and led the club with 15 homers. Three pitchers lost 16 or more games.
**1929** The next year brought a slight improvement to 72--86 and 7th place in the 8-team Western League. A player named Circle, whose full name is unknown, hit 26 homers, which was fifth in the Western League. **1930** The 1930 campaign saw Des Moines return to the first division with a 77--71 record and fourth-place finish. Van Camp was fourth in the circuit with a .344 average and fifth with 18 homers. All-Stars were first baseman Jim Oglesby who hit .308 with 100 RBI, outfielder Stan Keyes who hit .340 with 35 HR, 358 total bases and 140 RBI was an All-Star as well. He was 6th in average, first in homers, RBI and total bases, fifth in runs with 123 and he tied for third in the league with 18 triples. Pitcher Bud Tinning, who went 16--11 with a 4.39 ERA, was an All-Star as well. **1931** Des Moines duked it out with the Wichita Aviators throughout the 1931 season. The Demons went 39--26 to finish second in the first half, three games behind Wichita, then won 55 of 80 second-half contests to finish six and a half games ahead of the Aviators. In the championship, the Demons won four of six games. All three 1930 All-Stars returned and again made the All-Star team -- Oglesby hit .341 which was 5th in the league to go along with 119 runs, 106 RBI, 200 hits (second-most) and 278 total bases (fifth); Tinning went 24--2 with a league-leading 3.11 ERA and was second in wins and first in winning percentage; Keyes won the Triple crown with a .369 average, 38 homers and 160 RBI, which were 22 more than anyone else. He also led with 401 total bases (111 more than the next player) and 203 hits. Joining them as All-Stars were outfielder Mike Kreevich who hit .329, and P Jack Knight who went 17--7 with a 3.30 ERA, which ranked second in the league. Jim Grant went 12--11 with a 3.48 ERA, the fifth-best mark, while Johnny Niggeling was 17--12 with a 3.65 ERA. **1932** The 1932 Demons finished third in the first half (36--30) but skidded down to 35--42 in the concluding segment of the season. Oglesby made his third All-Star team in a row and finished fifth in the league with 19 triples. Jim hit .385 with nine homers and 86 RBI.
**1933** Des Moines won the most games in the Western League in 1933 at 81--47 but finished one and a half games behind the leader in both halves of the season. All-Star outfielder Leo Ogorek, who hit .321, led the league with 60 stolen bases and was fourth with 108 runs scored. Pitcher Al Gizelbach went 18--10, placing him fifth in wins, fourth in winning percentage and third with 203 strikeouts. Roy Hudson, who hit .348 with 16 homers and Mort Cooper, who went 7--5 both split the season between Des Moines and the Muskogee Oilers.
**1934** An unusual situation occurred in 1934 when Des Moines, the St. Joseph Saints and Sioux City Cowboys all posted identical 36--23 first-half records and none won the second half (Des Moines was 32--33, behind St. Joseph and ahead of Sioux City). A four-team playoff resulted with Des Moines facing the second-half champion Davenport Blue Sox while the Saints and Cowboys squared off. Davenport beat the Demons three games to one to advance to the finals. Ogorek, who hit .316, again stole the most bases with 38, tied for the hit lead (164, also a 3-way tie) and was tied for second with 108 runs. Hudson hit .318 and led the loop with 94 RBI and Fabian Gaffke hit .311 and was second with 93 RBI, tied for fourth with 163 hits, second with 17 triples, tied for fourth with 15 homers and first with 269 total bases.
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# Des Moines Demons
## Demons\' Seasons {#demons_seasons}
**1935** The Western League eliminated the split-season format in 1935 and the Demons finished third at 58--55. In the playoffs they were swept in three games by the Saints. Ogorek hit .317 and was among the leaders in outfield fielding percentage (.984, third-best), steals (25, 2 behind the leader), hits (144, third-best) and runs (92, one behind the leader) while August Luther, who hit .306, was third in homers at 15 and second with 14 triples. Claude Passeau was the staff ace at 20--11 and led the Western League in wins, strikeouts (239) and innings hurled (244).
**1936** The 1936 edition of the Des Moines Demons went 33--33 to finish fifth in the first half of the revived split-season system. They were 31--31 and third in the second half in the six-team Western League. All-Stars were pitcher Hal Turpin who went 20--10 with a 2.74 ERA, centerfielder Jim Asbell who hit .284 and catcher Hack Wilson (not the Hall of Fame player), who hit .267. Asbell tied for fourth with 13 homers. Keyes returned to blast 20 homers (second-best in the league) with 233 total bases, which was fourth best. Van Camp came back with 148 hits (fifth in the league) and tied for the league lead with 14 triples. Turpin led the league in complete games (28) and wins, was second in innings (259), third in ERA and fifth with 124 strikeouts. Julio Bonnetti, who went 14--13 with a 2.56 ERA had the best ERA in the Western League that year.
**1937** In 1937 Des Moines went 32--31 to finish second in the first half then went 25--31 in the second half as the league was crumbling. All-Stars were catcher Bus Payton who hit .276, utility man Walt Menke who hit .293 and southpaw pitcher Art McDougall who went 16--11 with a 4.02 ERA. McDougall led the Western League in complete games (24) and innings (233) and was third in wins while teammate Gil Gebo (11--15, 4.63) was fourth in innings (216), games pitched (36) and losses. Henry Martínez hit just .216 but led the team in homers (12, which ranked fifth in the Western League) and steals (28, which was third most). He struck out the most (107 times) as well. Bob Allaire hit 2.84 and was among the leaders in walks (95, tied for second) and runs (94, fourth-most) while leading with 34 steals. Harry Hughes, who hit .303, drew 109 walks, the most in the circuit. The Demons were affiliated with the St. Louis Browns in 1937.
## The end of the Demons {#the_end_of_the_demons}
After the Western League collapsed following the 1937 season, Des Moines was without baseball for its longest stretch in the 20th century as the professional game did not return until 1947 with the Des Moines Bruins .
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# Des Moines Demons
## The rebirth of the Demons: 1959--1961 {#the_rebirth_of_the_demons_19591961}
In 1959, the Demons name was revived after 21 years of non-usage. The new Des Moines Demons were a Philadelphia Phillies farm club in the Three-I League. Managed by Chuck Kress, they finished second in the first half (38--26) then won the second-half pennant (40--29) before falling to the first-half champion Green Bay Bluejays in the championship three games to one. Cal Emery hit .323 and led the league with 281 total bases, 27 homers and 129 RBI.
In 1960, Andy Seminick took over as manager and the Demons went 64--74, tied for last in the Three-I. Jerry Reimer hit .331 with 18 home runs and led the league with 179 hits and 294 total bases. Ray Culp went 6--7 and had a 6.59 ERA, not indicative of his future big-league performance.
The final year was a poor one. Kress was managing again and Des Moines finished last -- by a wide margin, with a pitiful 37--93 record. They were so bad every other team in the Three-I League\'s final season of existence finished .500 or better. Five pitchers lost in double digits while no one won more than six contests. Dick Haines led the league with a .355 average while future big-leaguer Pat Corrales batted .309. The Demons name has not been used since that time by the Des Moines teams -- when organized baseball returned to the city in 1969 the club was called the Iowa Oaks
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# Oud-Vroenhoven
**Oud-Vroenhoven** is former municipality in the Dutch province of Limburg. It merged with Maastricht in 1920.
The municipality covered a large part of the current municipality of Maastricht west of the river Meuse outside the walls of the city. In 1918, Kaiser Wilhelm II crossed into the Netherlands at the border crossing at Oud-Vroenhoven
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# Dick Lynch
**Richard Dennis Lynch** (April 29, 1936 -- September 24, 2008) was an American professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins and the New York Giants. He was a one-time Pro Bowler in 1963, when he led the NFL in interceptions. He also led the league in interceptions in 1961.
## Biography
Lynch was born in Oceanside, New York. He grew up in Bound Brook, New Jersey, and attended Phillipsburg Catholic High School.
Lynch played college football at the University of Notre Dame and is in their Hall of Fame. While known as a defensive standout as a professional, in 1957 he scored the only touchdown in Notre Dame\'s 7--0 win over the University of Oklahoma that ended the Sooners\' 47-game winning streak.
Lynch worked as a color commentator for the New York Giants\' radio broadcasts from 1967 to 2008. He was paired with several notable play-by-play announcers, including Marty Glickman, Marv Albert, Jim Gordon and Bob Papa.
His son, Richard Lynch (31), was killed in the September 11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, where he worked on the 84th floor of Two World Trade Center.
Following his death in 2008, he was inducted as one of the New York Giants\' Ring of Honor Inductees. The Ring of Honor is awarded to the franchise\'s greatest and most influential figures.
## Death
Lynch died from leukemia on September 24, 2008, aged 72, at his home in Douglaston, Queens. Lynch was married to Rosalie Lynch for over 47 years. They had six children and eleven grandchildren
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# George Barbee
**George Joseph Barbee** (December 12, 1849 -- October 30, 1939) was an English-born jockey who was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1996. Published reports indicate Barbee lived to be 89, and is buried near Belmont Park in Elmont, New York.
Barbee began his racing career as an apprentice to Tom Jennings, Sr., for whom he exercised the 1865 English Triple Crown winner Gladiateur.
Barbee moved to the United States in 1872 specifically to ride for John Chamberlain. He began his stateside career riding at Monmouth Park Racetrack.
## Racing career {#racing_career}
In 1873 Barbee won the inaugural Preakness Stakes aboard Survivor who won by 10 lengths, a record until Smarty Jones 11½ length victory in 2004. He later won two other Preakness Stakes aboard Shirley (1876) and Jacobus (1883).
His record three Preakness victories was not surpassed until Eddie Arcaro won his fourth in 1951.
In addition to the Preakness victories, Barbee won the 1874 Belmont Stakes aboard Saxon, and the 1874 and 1875 Travers Stakes aboard Attila and D\'Artagnan, respectively.
Tom Ochiltree was one of Barbee\'s most important mounts. He took the colt to victory in the Saratoga, Monmouth, Centennial, Westchester and Baltimore Cups. Other significant horses ridden by Barbee include Springbok, Duke of Magenta, Eole, and Uncas.
## Legacy
George Barbee was inducted in the Hall of Fame in 1996, chosen by the Hall of Fame\'s Historical Review Committee
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# Battle of Drocourt-Quéant Line
The **Drocourt-Quéant Line** (`{{IPA|fr|dʁɔ.kuʁ ke.ɑ̃|}}`{=mediawiki}; *Wotan Stellung*) was a set of mutually supporting defensive lines constructed by Germany between the French towns of Drocourt and Quéant during World War I. This defensive system was part of the northernmost section of the Hindenburg Line, a vast German defensive system that ran through northeastern France.
It was attacked and captured by Canadian and British troops in the closing months of the war as part of Canada\'s Hundred Days of successful offensive campaigning that helped end the war.
## Description
The Drocourt--Quéant Line (also referred to as the Drocourt--Quéant Switch) ran between the French cities of Drocourt and Quéant and was part of a defensive system that ran from a point within the Hindenburg Line, 11 mi west of Cambrai, northward to within 7 mi west of Douai and terminated along the front east of Armentières. The Drocourt--Quéant Line was a system in depth and incorporated a number of mutually supporting lines of defence. The system consisted of a front line system and a support line system, each consisting of two lines of trenches. The system incorporated numerous fortifications including concrete bunkers, machine gun posts and heavy belts of barbed wire.
## Prelude
In the days leading up to the attack, the Drocourt--Quéant Line was obscured from Canadian observation west of Cagnicourt due to a hill. An attack was ordered, with the 72nd Battalion on the left and the 5th Battalion on the right.
At 4:50 am on 1 September 1918, the Canadian soldiers attacked and captured high ground northwest of Cagnicourt, securing observation into the Drocourt--Quéant Line, but suffering heavy losses in the process.
## Capture
At 5:00 a.m. on 2 September 1918, Canadian and British forces attacked the Drocourt--Quéant Line supported by tanks and aircraft. In twilight, the Canadian 1st Division attacked the line south-eastwards, on the extreme right, south of the Arras--Cambrai road, The Canadian 4th Division attacked in the centre between Dury and the main road and the British 4th Division attacked south of the River Sensee.
Seven Canadians were awarded VCs individually that day: Bellenden Hutcheson, Arthur George Knight, William Henry Metcalf, Claude Nunney, Cyrus Wesley Peck, Walter Leigh Rayfield and John Francis Young.
The next day the Germans retreated to the Hindenburg Line with the Allies taking many prisoners. The Canadian and British troops then moved on to their next battle, the Battle of the Canal du Nord.
## Memorials
The Canadian Dury Memorial commemorates the Canadian Corps attack on the Drocourt--Quéant Line in 1918
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# Posterholt
**Posterholt** is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Roerdalen.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1147 as Posterholt. The etymology is unclear. Posterholt is a linear forest cultivation village from the 12th century. It became an independent parish in 1793.
The Catholic St Mathias was built between 1950 and 1951 to replace the earlier church which was destroyed in 1945. The tower was added between 1961 and 1962. The Aerwinckel estate was built in 1856 and designed by Pierre Cuypers to replace the medieval castle.
Posterholt was home to 605 people in 1840. It merged with the municipalities Montfort and Sint Odiliënberg in 1991, and the new municipality changed its name to Ambt Montfort three years later. In 2007, it became part of the municipality of Roerdalen.
Together with a few other villages in the region it has also an active local history association. This association is situated in St. Odiliënberg.
## Gallery
<File:Posterholt>, carnavals sculptuur met de Sint-Matthiaskerk foto11 2016-09-08 11.41.jpg\|carnival sculpture and the St Matthias Church <File:Posterholt> (Roerdalen) oudste voormalig raadhuis.JPG\|Former town hall. Now a restaurant <File:2017-09-22> 15.07.26 fotothieu.jpg\|House in Posterholt <File:2017-09-22> 15.14.02 fotothieu
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# PDIFF
In geometric topology, **PDIFF,** for *p*iecewise *diff*erentiable, is the category of piecewise-smooth manifolds and piecewise-smooth maps between them. It properly contains DIFF (the category of smooth manifolds and smooth functions between them) and PL (the category of piecewise linear manifolds and piecewise linear maps between them), and the reason it is defined is to allow one to relate these two categories. Further, piecewise functions such as splines and polygonal chains are common in mathematics, and PDIFF provides a category for discussing them.
## Motivation
PDIFF is mostly a technical point: smooth maps are not piecewise linear (unless linear), and piecewise linear maps are not smooth (unless globally linear) -- the intersection is linear maps, or more precisely affine maps (because not based) -- so they cannot directly be related: they are separate generalizations of the notion of an affine map.
However, while a smooth manifold is not a PL manifold, it carries a canonical PL structure -- it is uniquely triangularizable; conversely, not every PL manifold is smoothable. For a particular smooth manifold or smooth map between smooth manifolds, this can be shown by breaking up the manifold into small enough pieces, and then linearizing the manifold or map on each piece: for example, a circle in the plane can be approximated by a triangle, but not by a 2-gon, since this latter cannot be linearly embedded.
This relation between Diff and PL requires choices, however, and is more naturally shown and understood by including both categories in a larger category, and then showing that the inclusion of PL is an equivalence: every smooth manifold and every PL manifold *is* a PDiff manifold. Thus, going from Diff to PDiff and PL to PDiff are natural -- they are just inclusion. The map PL to PDiff, while not an equality -- not every piecewise smooth function is piecewise linear -- is an equivalence: one can go backwards by linearizing pieces. Thus it can for some purposes be inverted, or considered an isomorphism, which gives a map $\text{Diff} \to \text{PDiff} \to \text{PL}.$ These categories all sit inside TOP, the category of topological manifolds and continuous maps between them.
In summary, PDiff is more general than Diff because it allows pieces (corners), and one cannot in general smooth corners, while PL is no less general that PDiff because one can linearize pieces (more precisely, one may need to break them up into smaller pieces and then linearize, which is allowed in PDiff).
## History
That every smooth (indeed, *C*^1^) manifold has a unique PL structure was originally proven in `{{Harv|Whitehead|1940}}`{=mediawiki}. A detailed expositionary proof is given in `{{Harv|Munkres|1966}}`{=mediawiki}. The result is elementary and rather technical to prove in detail, so it is generally only sketched in modern texts, as in the brief proof outline given in `{{Harv|Thurston|1997}}`{=mediawiki}. A very brief outline is given in `{{Harv|McMullen|1997}}`{=mediawiki}, while a short but detailed proof is given in `{{Harv|Lurie|2009}}`{=mediawiki}
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# Chris Mims
**Christopher Eddie Mims** (September 29, 1970 -- October 15, 2008) was an American professional football player who was a defensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers. Mims was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the first round of the 1992 NFL draft with the 23rd overall pick. He also spent one season with the Washington Redskins. He retired in 2000 after being released by the Chicago Bears in training camp that same year.
## Early life {#early_life}
Mims father Lorenzo died at 38 in a apparent homicide when Chris was 11. Mims attended Susan Miller Dorsey High School in Los Angeles, California. As a senior, he set the school single season records for sacks and tackles. However, he failed to meet the academic qualifications to attended an NCAA university. Therefore, he chose to attend Los Angeles Pierce College, then Los Angeles Southwest Junior College. After earning better grades, he was recruited by assistant coach A. J. Christoff to the University of Tennessee where he spent two seasons. While at Tennessee, he recorded 90 tackles and 9.5 sacks.
In the October 18, 2010, issue of *Sports Illustrated*, former NFL agent Josh Luchs alleged that he paid Mims \'about \$500 a month\' during his last year at the University of Tennessee.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
Mims was selected in the first round (23rd overall) of the 1992 NFL draft. As a rookie, he appeared in 16 games with four starts. During his rookie season, he recorded 53 tackles, 10 sacks, one forced fumble and one fumble recovery as well as recording a safety. In 1993, he appeared in 16 games with seven starts. He recorded 32 tackles, seven sacks, two forced fumbles. For the 1994 season, he started all 16 games. He recorded 35 tackles (28 solo.), 11 sacks, three forced fumbles and two fumble recoveries. In 1995, he started all 15 games he appeared in. He recorded 28 tackles (24 solo.), two sacks, one forced fumble and one fumble recovery. For 1996, he start all 15 games he appeared in. He recorded 20 tackles (12 solo.), six sacks, one forced fumble and one fumble recovery.
After spending five seasons with the Chargers, Mims signed as an unrestricted free agent with the Washington Redskins on June 10, 1997. In 1997, his lone season with the Redskins, he appeared in 11 games with seven starts. For the season, he recorded 16 tackles (10 solo.), four sacks and one forced fumble.
One year, to the day after signing with the Redskins, Mims re-signed with the Chargers to a one-year contract. In 1998, after returning to the Chargers, he appeared in six games. For the season, he recorded three tackles, and two sacks. On February 8, 1999, he re-signed with the Chargers on a two-year contract. For 1999, he appeared in nine games. For the season, he recorded five tackles (four solo.). He was released on October 9, and re-signed on October 16. He was released again, for the final time by the Chargers on December 3, 1999.
On February 15, 2000, Mims was signed by the Chicago Bears. He was released on August 22, 2000, after missing a practice because he overslept.
### Career statistics {#career_statistics}
Season
------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ -----
Year Team
1992 SD 16
1993 SD 16
1994 SD 16
1995 SD 15
1996 SD 15
1997 WAS 11
1998 SD 6
1999 SD 9
[Career](https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/M/MimsCh20.htm) 104
## Later years and death {#later_years_and_death}
Mims was the sixth member of the 1994 San Diego Chargers AFC championship team to die young, the others being David Griggs, Rodney Culver, Doug Miller, Junior Seau, and Curtis Whitley. During his final years, Mims was unable to take care of himself and he lived on disability payments and avoided bill collectors.
On October 15, 2008, Mims was found dead in his Los Angeles apartment by police officers conducting a welfare check. The cause of death was determined to be an enlarged heart. He weighed 456 lb at the time of his death. A few years prior to his death, he had suffered a stroke. Mims like his father Lorenzo passed away tragically at 38 .
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# Chris Mims
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Mims had one son, Christopher Eddie Mims Jr.
### Legal troubles {#legal_troubles}
During his playing career, Mims had numerous legal troubles. Among them were charges of assault, vandalism, and driving under the influence. He was taken to court more than 20 times for unpaid bills in San Diego County. He is reported to have defaulted on a \$243,750 house loan during the Chargers\' Super Bowl season. He neglected bills for his Mercedes-Benz 600 SEL, attorneys\' fees, carpet bills, liquor bills and, at times, child support.
In 1995, he was cited by a Superior Court judge for not making monthly payments of \$5,000 to a man whose windshield he smashed in a traffic dispute. Mr. Mims got out of his vehicle in standstill traffic on Interstate 163 near Scripps Ranch, Ca. and attempted to fight a man in another vehicle. Mr. Mims broke the drivers side window in an attempt to harm the driver. The driver was a retired LAPD officer, Captain Robert Michael. Mims once realizing, fled the scene but San Diego Police caught and cited him with the San Diego Chargers ultimately paying the court ordered restitution.
In 1998, he was convicted of refusing to take a blood-alcohol test after being pulled over on suspicion of driving drunk.
In 1999, he pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor assault charge after he hit a man with a belt outside a Del Taco
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# Rijckholt
**Rijckholt** (Limburgish: *Riêkelt*) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Eijsden-Margraten.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1330 as Rykilt, and means \"mighty forest\". Rijckholt developed in the Early Middle Ages in the valley of the Maas. In the 12th century, it became a free *heerlijkheid* (=no fief) and in the 16th century until 1794, a barony.
Rijckholt castle is surrounded by a double moat. The square tower dates from the 14th century. It was destroyed in 1485 and rebuilt in 1489. The main wing was constructed 1683.
The Catholic Our Lady of Immaculate Conception Church was built in 1882 as a monastery church of the Dominicans from Lyon. In 1956, it became the village church. The monastery closed down in 1979.
Rijckholt was home to 185 people in 1840. It was a separate municipality until 1943, when it was merged with Gronsveld. In 2011, it became part of the municipality of Eijsden-Margraten.
## Sights
- Rijckholt castle
- Prehistoric flint mines
## Gallery
<File:Mergelwand> in Savelsbos nabij Gronsveld.JPG\|Marl wall in Savelsbos forest <File:Savelsbosch-Vuursteenmijn> (2).JPG\|Entrance prehistoric flintstone mine in Savelsbos forest <File:Overzicht> hoofdgebouw, overzicht voorgevel - Rijckholt - 20349066 - RCE.jpg\|Monastery Huize Immaculata <File:Rijckholt-Rijksweg> 187 (1)
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# Pico hydro
**Pico hydro** is a term used for hydroelectric power generation of under 5 kW. These generators have proven to be useful in small, remote communities that require only a small amount of electricity`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki} for example, to power one or two fluorescent light bulbs and a TV or radio in 50 or so homes. Even smaller turbines of 200--300 W may power a single home with a drop of only 1 m. Pico-hydro setups typically are run-of-stream, meaning that a reservoir of water is not created, only a small weir is common, pipes divert some of the flow, drop this down a gradient, and through the turbine before being exhausted back to the stream.
Like other hydroelectric and renewable source power generation, pollution and consumption of fossil fuels is reduced, though there is still typically an environmental cost to the manufacture of the generator and distribution methods.
## Small-scale DIY hydroplants {#small_scale_diy_hydroplants}
With a growing DIY-community and an increasing interest in environmentally friendly \"green energy\", some hobbyists have endeavored to build their own hydroelectric plants from old water mills, from kits, or from scratch. The DIY-community has used abandoned water mills to mount a waterwheel and electrical generating components. This approach has also been popularized in the TV-series *It\'s Not Easy Being Green*. These are usually smaller turbines of \~5 kW or less. Through the internet, the community is now able to obtain plans to construct DIY-water turbines, and there is a growing trend toward building them for domestic requirements. The DIY-hydroelectric plants are now being used both in developed countries and in developing countries, to power residences and small businesses. Two examples of pico hydro power can be found in the towns of Kithamba and Thimba in the Central Province of Kenya. These produce 1.1 kW and 2.2 kW, respectively. Local residents were trained to maintain the hydro schemes. The pico hydro sites in Kenya won Ashden Awards for Sustainable Energy.
Using a pumped-storage system of cisterns and small generators, pico hydro may also be effective for \"closed loop\" home systems.
## Manufacturers
In Vietnam, several Chinese manufacturers have sold pico-powerplants at prices as low as \$20--70 for a powerplant of 300--500 W. However, the devices sold are said to be low in quality and may damage connected equipment if connected improperly.
Sam Redfield of the Appropriate Infrastructure Development Group (AIDG) has developed a pico-hydro generator made from common PVC pipe and a modified Toyota alternator housed in a five gallon bucket. The generator was developed to provide power to communities without access to the electricity grid in developing countries. Envisioned as an energy source to charge cell phones, provide lighting and charge batteries, the generator is designed to be made by artisans with basic skills and can be built for less than \$150. The Toyota alternator used in the generator is converted to a permanent magnet alternator allowing it to generate power at low RPMs. The Five Gallon Bucket Hydroelectric Generator was the subject of a work group at the 2008 International Development Design Summit (IDDS) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. During the Summer of 2013, an energy project in Abra Malaga, Peru was completed using the bucket generator.
A website has been put together as a forum for ideas and further iterations of the generator that includes a *build manual*. Common centrifugal water pumps, can be operated in reverse to act as turbines. While these machines rarely have optimum hydraulic characteristics when operated as turbines, their availability and low cost makes them attractive.
## Transmission distance {#transmission_distance}
If the power will be used more than 30 m from the generator, then the transmission distance may be an important consideration. Many small systems use automotive alternators producing 12 VDC, and possibly charging a battery. For example, a 12 V system that produces 1 kW of power has a flow of 80 A and the wire size is 4-gauge. The purchase cost of two strands of wire 300 m long for this voltage and amperage was typically \$2400(US) in 2015. To avoid such a large wire cost a higher voltage and lower current is required. If a 240 VAC alternator is used instead the flow is only 4 A over 300 m of 18 gauge wire costing \$180(US). The cost of wire resulted in North America using 120/240 VAC after DC voltage lost the war of the currents in the late 1800s. Another approach to reduce wire costs is to have a 12 VDC alternator with a short high current connection to an inverter outputting 120 VAC or 240 VAC at a much lower current on a long length of thinner wire
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# Nathan Lowndes
**Nathan Peter Lowndes** (born 2 June 1977) is an English former footballer who played as a forward.
He began his career with Leeds United but failed to break into the first before his move to Watford in 1995. After making little impact at Watford, he moved to Scotland to play for St Johnstone in 1998. Three years later, he transferred to Livingston. In 2002, he was loaned out to Rotherham United, before he moved back to England permanently with Plymouth Argyle later in the year. In 2004, he joined Port Vale, where he would stay for three years. He finished his professional career with Chester City at the end of the 2007--08 campaign, though he came out of retirement to join Scone Thistle in May 2012.
## Career
Lowndes began his career with Leeds United in April 1995 but did not make any first-team appearances in his time at Elland Road. On 3 October 1995, he was signed by Watford for a fee of £40,000. Despite being seen as a promising player in three years with Watford, he only made three starts and was unable to score a goal. He played only a cameo role in the club\'s 1997--98 Second Division winning season.
On 21 August 1998, he joined Scottish club St Johnstone, who were in their second season back in the Premier League. In his first season in Perth, he helped \"Saints\" to a third-place finish (which qualified them for the following season\'s UEFA Cup), an appearance in the League Cup final, and the last four of the Scottish Cup. In the final of the League Cup at Celtic Park, he was a late substitute for George O\'Boyle, as Rangers celebrated a 2--1 win. He was the club\'s top scorer in 1999--2000 with eleven goals, which included a goal in the preliminary rounds of the UEFA Cup that helped the club reach a first round tie with AS Monaco. After the first leg, the striker told of how opponent Marco Simone came into the away dressing room and asked Lowndes for a signed shirt. Despite the striker\'s fortunes the club could not replicate the success of the previous campaign. He made just twelve appearances in the 2000--01 season as the club flirted with relegation. In his three years at McDiarmid Park, Lowndes made 63 appearances and scored 14 goals. In May 2001, Lowndes signed for Livingston, for whom he made 21 appearances and scored three goals. Livingston enjoyed a highly successful season, finishing the league campaign in third place.
In March 2002, he returned to England with Plymouth Argyle, then managed by Paul Sturrock, who had signed him to St Johnstone four years earlier. He helped the club to the Second Division title in 2003--04, scoring ten goals in 33 games. Over his two years with Plymouth, Lowndes made 57 appearances and scored twelve goals, playing mostly as a substitute or out of position at wide midfield. He joined Martin Foyle\'s Port Vale in November 2004, but was released in May 2007 after failing to make an impact at the club. He was though a first-team regular in the 2005--06 campaign, in which he made 41 of his 67 Port Vale appearances, and scored six of his seven Vale goals. He subsequently joined League Two side Chester, who were managed by Bobby Williamson, Lowndes\'s manager at Plymouth for a short time. In January 2008 he was the subject of interest from Conference side Torquay United. The move did not go through but Lowndes did not play again for Chester due to injury. On 23 April 2008 his contract was cancelled by mutual consent. In May 2012, Lowndes came out of retirement when he signed for Scottish Junior side Scone Thistle; he balanced his playing duties with his job serving Tayside Police.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
His sister, Emma Lowndes, is an actress
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# Rimburg
**Rimburg** (`{{IPA|nl|ˈrɪmbʏr(ə)x}}`{=mediawiki}) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Landgraaf, on the German border.
Rimburg was a separate municipality until 1887, when it was merged with Ubach over Worms.
Rimburg is a village (consisting of the cores and Rimburg Broekhuizen) on the River Worm in eastern South Limburg. Rimburg is part of the municipality of Landgraaf. It is part of the former municipality Ubach over Worms. In the early 1980s the municipalities of Schaesberg, Ubach over Worms and Nieuwenhagen were collectively known as the *SUN* municipalities, until they merged to form the new municipality of Landgraaf.
## History
Until 1886 Rimburg was an independent municipality; its territory extended to Brunssum.
The glory, with aldermen, was after the arrival of the French at the end of the 18th century, as well Ubach over Worms, assigned to the Canton Rolduc. When the cantonal division was disbanded in 1800, the municipality Rimburg was formed from that part of the former glory, located on the left / west bank of the river Worm. The remaining part of the former glory became German territory. The municipality Rimburg had during its existence the same government organization as Nieuwenhagen, which therefore is referred to.
The municipality was terminated by \"Law of the 16th December 1886 to union of municipalities Rimburg and Ubach over Worms.\" The effective date for termination was designated the day the board of the new municipality Ubach over Worms had its first meeting. That first meeting was held on March 15, 1887.
The last council meeting of the municipality Rimburg took place on October 9, 1886.
### World War II {#world_war_ii}
Rimburg became an independent municipality once again during World War II.
Rimburg was in the frontline and was the last part of South Limburg liberated on 2 October 1944. It played an important role in the encirclement of Aachen. During this assault the castle was heavily defended by the Germans. One part of the castle was destroyed along with many treasures.
On the German side of the Worm, there still are many bunkers that were once part of the Siegfried Line.
## Geography
The river Worm (called Wurm in Germany) flows past Rimburg and forms the natural markings of the Dutch-German state border. Across the Worm, on the territory of the German municipality Übach-Palenberg, is the castle of Rimburg, which is still in aristocratic hands.
## Sights
Sights in Rimburg include the castle, the water tower, a water mill on the bank of the Worm near the church, the church itself, and several historic farms.
On the street \"Broekhuizenstraat\", the foot of a Roman milestone can be found.
## Gallery
<File:Hoeve> De Kruisstraat in Rimburg - 2.jpg\|Farm in Rimburg <File:Rimburg> Broekhuizenstraat 107.jpg\|House in Rimburg <File:Rimburg> Kirche.jpg\|Church of Rimburg <File:Rimburg-Rimburgermolen-3
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# Trillium cernuum
***Trillium cernuum*** is a species of flowering plant in the bunchflower family Melanthiaceae. The specific epithet *cernuum* means \"drooping, curving forwards, facing downwards\",`{{r|Gledhill 2008}}`{=mediawiki} a distinctive habit of its flower. It is commonly called **nodding trillium** or **nodding wakerobin** (not to be confused with *Trillium flexipes*) since the flower is invariably found nodding beneath the leaves.`{{r|FNA|NOPD}}`{=mediawiki} It is sometimes referred to as the **northern nodding trillium** to distinguish from *Trillium rugelii*, a similar nodding species native to the southern Appalachian Mountains.`{{r|USFS}}`{=mediawiki} It is also called the **whip-poor-will flower** since presumably its bloom coincides with the spring arrival of the migrating bird with the same name.`{{r|Friends}}`{=mediawiki}
*Trillium cernuum* was thought to be one of three species of *Trillium* described by Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753 (the other two being *Trillium erectum* and *Trillium sessile*). The specimen examined by Linnaeus was actually *Trillium catesbaei*, a nodding species native to the southern Appalachian Mountains where *Trillium cernuum* does not occur. This oversight led to much confusion, some of which continues to this day. Within its natural range, *Trillium cernuum* is often confused with two closely related *Trillium* species, *Trillium erectum* and *Trillium flexipes*. The three species are known to interbreed with one another, which adds to the confusion.
The nodding trillium is the most northerly *Trillium* species in North America, occurring as far north as Hudson Bay and as far south as northern Virginia (reports south of Virginia are most likely other species such as *Trillium rugelii*, *Trillium catesbaei*, or *Trillium flexipes*). *Trillium cernuum* is found on rich, moist soils in both broadleaf and coniferous woodlands.
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# Trillium cernuum
## Description
*Trillium cernuum* is a perennial herbaceous plant that spreads by means of an underground rhizome. Up to three scapes (stems) rise directly from the rhizome, each standing 15 -- tall. At the apex of the scape is a whorl of three leaf-like bracts, each 5 -- long and 6 -- wide.`{{r|FNA}}`{=mediawiki}
Flowering occurs from late April to early June, possibly as late as July in the northern part of its range. A solitary flower hangs below the bracts (leaves) on a short recurved pedicel 1.5 -- long. The flower has three slender pale green sepals, each 9 -- long, and three strongly recurved white (rarely pink) petals, each 15 -- long and 5 -- wide. The flower is bisexual with six stamens and a single white (or pink) ovary shaped like a pyramid. Each stamen consists of a thin white filament and a pale lavender-pink (or gray) anther. The filaments and anthers are about the same length.`{{r|NOPD}}`{=mediawiki}
If the flower is successfully pollinated, a single fruit develops. Initially the fruit is white (or pink), ripening to a dark red by late summer. When ripe, the fruit is a plump six-lobed berry up to 3 cm in diameter.`{{r|FNA}}`{=mediawiki}
Historically, *Trillium cernuum* has been confused with several nodding *Trillium* species native to the southern Appalachian Mountains. (See the Taxonomy section for more background information.) Within its natural range, *T. cernuum* is often confused with two sympatric *Trillium* species, *T. erectum* and *T. flexipes*. The following table compares these three species character by character while emphasizing the important characteristics of *T. cernuum*:
*T. erectum* (red trillium)`{{r|FNA:242101991}}`{=mediawiki} *T. cernuum* (nodding trillium)`{{r|FNA}}`{=mediawiki} *T. flexipes* (drooping trillium)`{{r|FNA:242101992}}`{=mediawiki}
------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
**Stem** One or more per rhizome, clumps common; 1.5 -- long 1--2(--3) per rhizome, each 1.5 -- long One or more per rhizome, each 2 -- long
**Leaves** Sessile, rhombic to ovate-rhombic; 5 -- long and wide, widest near the middle Sessile or subsessile with narrow leaf bases; 5 -- long and 6 -- wide Sessile, rhombic; 15 -- long and wide, often wider than long
**Pedicel** Various habits but not recurved below the leaves; 1 -- long Short and **strongly recurved** below the leaves; 1.5 -- long Various habits but rarely recurved below the leaves; 4 -- long
**Flower** Usually faces downward; smells like a wet dog Nodding below the leaves Erect forms face outward
**Sepals** Green, often streaked with maroon; 10 -- long Green; 9 -- long Green, weakly recurved; 14 -- long
**Petals** Dark reddish brown, maroon, purple, or white; heavily textured; 15 -- long and 10 -- wide White (rarely pink), strongly recurved; thin textured; 15 -- long and 9 -- wide Creamy white, dark reddish brown, or maroon; heavily textured; 20 -- long and 10 -- wide
**Stamens** Anthers dark maroon, gray-maroon, or yellow with pollen; filaments as long as (or longer) than the anthers Anthers pale lavender-pink or gray; **filaments and anthers approximately equal in length** Anthers thick, creamy white or yellow; anthers at least twice as long as the filaments
**Ovary** Dark purple or maroon; ovoid to spherical; strongly ridged White or pink flushed; flask-shaped; ridged White or pink flushed; flask-shaped; strongly ridged
**Fruit** (same as ovary) White or pink initially, but ripens to dark red; ridges become angles as the fruit expands White or pink initially, but ripens to rosy red or purplish; strongly angled
Identification typically requires a mature, flowering plant. When not in flower, the three species are difficult to distinguish. Moreover, the three species are known to interbreed with one another, which can add to the confusion.
To distinguish among *T. cernuum*, *T. erectum*, and *T. flexipes*, start by examining the pedicel. If the pedicel is longer than 3 cm, it is **not** *T. cernuum*. More importantly, the pedicel of *T. cernuum* is **strongly recurved below the leaves** while the other two species rarely exhibit this behavior.
Northern forms of *T. flexipes* tend to have recurved pedicels and/or recurved petals. These forms closely resemble large plants of *T. cernuum* and so the two are often confused. In such cases, examine the stamens. The anthers of *T. cernuum* are slender, lavender-pink or purplish, with the **anthers and filaments approximately equal in length**, while the anthers of *T. flexipes* are thick, creamy white or yellow, with the anthers greatly exceeding the length of the usually very short filaments.
## Taxonomy
*Trillium cernuum* was first thought to be described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.`{{r|IPNI}}`{=mediawiki} Linnaeus gave the location of his type specimen as \"Carolina\" but *T. cernuum* (in the modern sense) does not range that far south. The resulting confusion surrounding the pedicellate-flowered *Trillium* species persisted for 150 years. In 1906, Gleason shed some light on the confusion by showing how to distinguish *T. cernuum* from *T. flexipes* on the basis of anther-filament ratio. However, Gleason mistakenly believed that the range of *T. cernuum* extended south to Georgia.`{{r|Gleason 1906}}`{=mediawiki} Finally, in 1938, Barksdale showed conclusively that the specimen described by Linnaeus was actually *T. catesbaei* and that *T. cernuum* is absent from the southern Appalachian Mountains.
, Plants of the World Online (POWO) lists 14 synonyms for *T. cernuum*.`{{r|POWO}}`{=mediawiki} Although POWO accepts no infraspecific names, numerous varieties and forms have been described. For example, Eames and Wiegand described *T. cernuum* var. *macranthum* in 1923.`{{r|Eames and Wiegand 1923}}`{=mediawiki} The typical variety, found along the North American coast from Delaware to Newfoundland, is described as a small delicate plant, while variety *macranthum*, found elsewhere, is claimed to be larger and more robust. Although there may be regional size trends, much of the variation in size is largely dependent upon soil nutrients, and so the variety is not generally accepted by botanists.`{{r|FNA}}`{=mediawiki}
Edgar T. Wherry (1885-1982) described *Trillium cernuum* f. *tangerae* in 1945.`{{r|IPNI:287494-2}}`{=mediawiki} With deep rose-colored petals, the form is thought to be a hybrid with *T. erectum*.
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# Trillium cernuum
## Distribution and habitat {#distribution_and_habitat}
The range of *Trillium cernuum* extends across Canada, from Saskatchewan in the west to Newfoundland in the east, and as far south as northern Virginia in the mid-Atlantic United States. The species is known to occur in the following provinces, states, and territories:`{{r|POWO|FNA|BONAP-state}}`{=mediawiki}
- **Canada**: Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan
- **United States**:`{{r|BONAP}}`{=mediawiki} Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin
- **Other**: Saint Pierre and Miquelon
At the southern end of its range, *T. cernuum* grows in rich, cool, moist to swampy deciduous woods, and along shrubby stream banks and pond edges of deep forests. In Michigan, it also occurs along streams and swamps, but in conifer-hardwood forests. In its northern range, it occurs in dryer (although still moist), upland deciduous-coniferous woods.`{{r|NatureServe}}`{=mediawiki}
, *T. cernuum* is globally secure.`{{r|NatureServe}}`{=mediawiki} It is vulnerable (or worse) in at least a dozen states and provinces. In particular, it is critically imperiled in Illinois, Indiana, and West Virginia.`{{r|IL DNR|IN DNR|WV DNR}}`{=mediawiki} In Lake County, Ohio, a single specimen was collected in 1879, but *T. cernuum* is now thought to be extirpated from Ohio
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# Roggel
**Roggel** (*Rogkel*) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Leudal.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1230 as Rogle. The etymology is unclear. Roggel developed along the Roggelse Beek. It used to part of the County of Horne. Later it became it part of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. In 1679, it became an independent *heerlijkheid*.
The Catholic St Peter Church is a three aisled church which was built in 1477 to replace the 13th century chapel. The latest extension was in 1929. In 1944, the tower was partially blown up and rebuilt in 1946.
Rogger was home to 281 people in 1840. The grist mill Sint-Pieter was built in 1901. After 1953, the mill went out of service. It was sold to the municipality in 1969, and restored in 1976. The wind mill is often in service.
The former municipality of Roggel merged in 1991 with Neer. The new municipality was initially named \"Roggel\", but changed its name to Roggel en Neer in 1993. In 2007 Roggel en Neer became part of the new municipality of Leudal.
## Gallery
<File:Roggel>, de Roggelse waterbol foto10 2017-05-17 12.36.jpg\|Sculpture: de Roggelse waterbol Nijken, de Sint Petrusmolen RM32694 foto2 2013-04-14 14.33
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# Animal Tracks (American album)
***Animal Tracks*** is the Animals\' third album in the United States, released as both LP Record and reel-to-reel tape. Musically, it was a hodge-podge of the group\'s recent hit singles mixed in with tracks of assorted vintage that had not been included on either of The Animals\' first two U.S. albums. As such it bore little resemblance in content or purpose to the band\'s British release also named *Animal Tracks* from four months earlier. \"The Story of Bo Diddley\" is an adaptation and expansion of a song recorded by Bo Diddley in 1960, utilizing some of the original lyrics but with additional verses and melody recapping the musician\'s life in a talking blues style
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| 0 |
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# My-HiME (manga)
is a Japanese manga series based on a Sunrise\'s *My-HiME* series, it is following a storyline different from that of the anime. It is authored by Hajime Yatate (original creator), Noboru Kimura (scenario), and Kenetsu Satō (art). It was published for 44 chapters in Akita Shoten\'s *shōnen* manga magazine *Weekly Shōnen Champion* from 2004 to 2005. It was licensed for English released in North America by Tokyopop.
## Plot
The manga follows the story of Yuuichi Tate, a recent transfer student to Fuka Academy. At Fuka, he finds out that he is the Key - the person needed to unlock greater powers - to two HiMEs, Mai Tokiha and Natsuki Kuga. The manga covers Yuuichi\'s relationship with the two girls as well as their battle against an organization attempting to take the power of the HiME Star for themselves.
## Characters
List of *My-HiME* characters}} The cast of characters is made up mostly of students and staff at Fuka Academy. Although most characters in the manga also appear in the anime series, they all differ slightly in their characteristics and relationships. In one example, Mikoto Minagi does not have any known family unlike the anime, but she still is attached to Mai. And unlike the anime, the general public are aware of the hime\'s existence or at least those attending Fuka Academy.
## Publication
The manga was serialized in Akita Shoten\'s *shōnen* manga magazine *Weekly Shōnen Champion* from August 19, 2004, to July 7, 2005. Akita Shoten collected its chapters in five *tankōbon* volumes, released from November 11, 2004, to September 8, 2005.
The manga was licensed for English release in North America by Tokyopop, who published the five volumes from November 2006 to July 2007.
### Volume list {#volume_list}
## Reception
Jason Thompson of *Manga: The Complete Guide* has described the series as \"cynical\", as it mixes several genres. He has also criticized the artwork
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# Dynamic loading
**Dynamic loading** is a mechanism by which a computer program can, at run time, load a library (or other binary) into memory, retrieve the addresses of functions and variables contained in the library, execute those functions or access those variables, and unload the library from memory. It is one of the three mechanisms by which a computer program can use some other software within the program; the others are static linking and dynamic linking. Unlike static linking and dynamic linking, dynamic loading allows a computer program to start up in the absence of these libraries, to discover available libraries, and to potentially gain additional functionality.
## History
Dynamic loading was a common technique for IBM\'s operating systems for System/360 such as OS/360, particularly for I/O subroutines, and for COBOL and PL/I runtime libraries, and continues to be used in IBM\'s operating systems for z/Architecture, such as z/OS. As far as the application programmer is concerned, the loading is largely transparent, since it is mostly handled by the operating system (or its I/O subsystem). The main advantages are:
- Fixes (patches) to the subsystems fixed all programs at once, without the need to relink them
- Libraries could be protected from unauthorized modification
IBM\'s strategic transaction processing system, CICS (1970s onwards) uses dynamic loading extensively both for its kernel and for normal application program loading. Corrections to application programs could be made offline and new copies of changed programs loaded dynamically without needing to restart CICS (which can, and frequently does, run 24/7).
Shared libraries were added to Unix in the 1980s, but initially without the ability to let a program load additional libraries after startup.
## Uses
Dynamic loading is most frequently used in implementing software plugins. For example, the Apache Web Server\'s `*.dso` \"dynamic shared object\" plugin files are libraries which are loaded at runtime with dynamic loading. Dynamic loading is also used in implementing computer programs where multiple different libraries may supply the requisite functionality and where the user has the option to select which library or libraries to provide.
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# Dynamic loading
## In C/C++ {#in_cc}
Not all systems support dynamic loading. Unix-like operating systems such as macOS, Linux, and Solaris provide dynamic loading with the C programming language \"dl\" library. The Windows operating system provides dynamic loading through the Windows API.
### Summary
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Name | Standard POSIX/Unix API | Microsoft Windows API |
+========================+============================================================+========================+
| Header file inclusion | `#include <dlfcn.h>` | `#include <windows.h>` |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Definitions for header | `dl` (`libdl.so`, `libdl.dylib`, etc. depending on the OS) | `kernel32.dll` |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Loading the library | `dlopen` | `LoadLibrary`\ |
| | | `LoadLibraryEx`\ |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Extracting contents | `dlsym` | `GetProcAddress` |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
| Unloading the library | `dlclose` | `FreeLibrary` |
+------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------+
### Loading the library {#loading_the_library}
Loading the library is accomplished with `LoadLibrary` or `LoadLibraryEx` on Windows and with `dlopen` on Unix-like operating systems. Examples follow:
#### Most Unix-like operating systems (Solaris, Linux, \*BSD, etc.) {#most_unix_like_operating_systems_solaris_linux_bsd_etc.}
``` c
void* sdl_library = dlopen("libSDL.so", RTLD_LAZY);
if (sdl_library == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// use the result in a call to dlsym
}
```
#### macOS
As a Unix library:
``` c
void* sdl_library = dlopen("libSDL.dylib", RTLD_LAZY);
if (sdl_library == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// use the result in a call to dlsym
}
```
As a macOS Framework:
``` c
void* sdl_library = dlopen("/Library/Frameworks/SDL.framework/SDL", RTLD_LAZY);
if (sdl_library == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// use the result in a call to dlsym
}
```
Or if the framework or bundle contains Objective-C code:
``` objc
NSBundle *bundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:@"/Library/Plugins/Plugin.bundle"];
NSError *err = nil;
if ([bundle loadAndReturnError:&err])
{
// Use the classes and functions in the bundle.
}
else
{
// Handle error.
}
```
#### Windows
``` c
HMODULE sdl_library = LoadLibrary(TEXT("SDL.dll"));
if (sdl_library == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// use the result in a call to GetProcAddress
}
```
### Extracting library contents {#extracting_library_contents}
Extracting the contents of a dynamically loaded library is achieved with `GetProcAddress` on Windows and with `dlsym` on Unix-like operating systems.
#### Unix-like operating systems (Solaris, Linux, \*BSD, macOS, etc.) {#unix_like_operating_systems_solaris_linux_bsd_macos_etc.}
``` c
void* initializer = dlsym(sdl_library, "SDL_Init");
if (initializer == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// cast initializer to its proper type and use
}
```
On macOS, when using Objective-C bundles, one can also:
``` objc
Class rootClass = [bundle principalClass]; // Alternatively, NSClassFromString() can be used to obtain a class by name.
if (rootClass)
{
id object = [[rootClass alloc] init]; // Use the object.
}
else
{
// Report error.
}
```
#### Windows {#windows_1}
``` c
FARPROC initializer = GetProcAddress(sdl_library,"SDL_Init");
if (initializer == NULL) {
// report error ...
} else {
// cast initializer to its proper type and use
}
```
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# Dynamic loading
## In C/C++ {#in_cc}
### Converting a library function pointer {#converting_a_library_function_pointer}
The result of `dlsym()` or `GetProcAddress()` has to be converted to a pointer of the appropriate type before it can be used.
#### Windows {#windows_2}
In Windows, the conversion is straightforward, since FARPROC is essentially already a function pointer:
``` c
typedef INT_PTR (*FARPROC)(void);
```
This can be problematic when the address of an object is to be retrieved rather than a function. However, usually one wants to extract functions anyway, so this is normally not a problem.
``` c
typedef void (*sdl_init_function_type)(void);
sdl_init_function_type init_func = (sdl_init_function_type) initializer;
```
#### Unix (POSIX) {#unix_posix}
According to the POSIX specification, the result of `dlsym()` is a `void` pointer. However, a function pointer is not required to even have the same size as a data object pointer, and therefore a valid conversion between type `void*` and a pointer to a function may not be easy to implement on all platforms.
On most systems in use today, function and object pointers are *de facto* convertible. The following code snippet demonstrates one workaround which allows to perform the conversion anyway on many systems:
``` c
typedef void (*sdl_init_function_type)(void);
sdl_init_function_type init_func = (sdl_init_function_type)initializer;
```
The above snippet will give a warning on some compilers: `warning: dereferencing type-punned pointer will break strict-aliasing rules`. Another workaround is:
``` c
typedef void (*sdl_init_function_type)(void);
union { sdl_init_function_type func; void * obj; } alias;
alias.obj = initializer;
sdl_init_function_type init_func = alias.func;
```
which disables the warning even if strict aliasing is in effect. This makes use of the fact that reading from a different union member than the one most recently written to (called \"type punning\") is common, and explicitly allowed even if strict aliasing is in force, provided the memory is accessed through the union type directly. However, this is not strictly the case here, since the function pointer is copied to be used outside the union. Note that this trick may not work on platforms where the size of data pointers and the size of function pointers is not the same.
#### Solving the function pointer problem on POSIX systems {#solving_the_function_pointer_problem_on_posix_systems}
The fact remains that any conversion between function and data object pointers has to be regarded as an (inherently non-portable) implementation extension, and that no \"correct\" way for a direct conversion exists, since in this regard the POSIX and ISO standards contradict each other.
Because of this problem, the POSIX documentation on `dlsym()` for the outdated issue 6 stated that \"a future version may either add a new function to return function pointers, or the current interface may be deprecated in favor of two new functions: one that returns data pointers and the other that returns function pointers\".
For the subsequent version of the standard (issue 7, 2008), the problem has been discussed and the conclusion was that function pointers have to be convertible to `void*` for POSIX compliance. This requires compiler makers to implement a working cast for this case.
If the contents of the library can be changed (i.e. in the case of a custom library), in addition to the function itself a pointer to it can be exported. Since a pointer to a function pointer is itself an object pointer, this pointer can always be legally retrieved by call to `dlsym()` and subsequent conversion. However, this approach requires maintaining separate pointers to all functions that are to be used externally, and the benefits are usually small.
### Unloading the library {#unloading_the_library}
Loading a library causes memory to be allocated; the library must be deallocated in order to avoid a memory leak. Additionally, failure to unload a library can prevent filesystem operations on the file which contains the library. Unloading the library is accomplished with `FreeLibrary` on Windows and with `dlclose` on Unix-like operating systems. However, unloading a DLL can lead to program crashes if objects in the main application refer to memory allocated within the DLL. For example, if a DLL introduces a new class and the DLL is closed, further operations on instances of that class from the main application will likely cause a memory access violation. Likewise, if the DLL introduces a factory function for instantiating dynamically loaded classes, calling or dereferencing that function after the DLL is closed leads to undefined behaviour.
#### Unix-like operating systems (Solaris, Linux, \*BSD, macOS, etc.) {#unix_like_operating_systems_solaris_linux_bsd_macos_etc._1}
``` c
dlclose(sdl_library);
```
#### Windows {#windows_3}
``` c
FreeLibrary(sdl_library);
```
### Special library {#special_library}
The implementations of dynamic loading on Unix-like operating systems and Windows allow programmers to extract symbols from the currently executing process.
Unix-like operating systems allow programmers to access the global symbol table, which includes both the main executable and subsequently loaded dynamic libraries.
Windows allows programmers to access symbols exported by the main executable. Windows does not use a global symbol table and has no API to search across multiple modules to find a symbol by name.
#### Unix-like operating systems (Solaris, Linux, \*BSD, macOS, etc.) {#unix_like_operating_systems_solaris_linux_bsd_macos_etc._2}
``` c
void* this_process = dlopen(NULL,0);
```
#### Windows {#windows_4}
``` c
HMODULE this_process = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
HMODULE this_process_again;
GetModuleHandleEx(0,0,&this_process_again);
```
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# Dynamic loading
## In Java {#in_java}
In the Java programming language, classes can be dynamically loaded using the **`{{Javadoc:SE|java/lang|ClassLoader}}`{=mediawiki}** object. For example:
``` java
Class type = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().loadClass(name);
Object obj = type.newInstance();
```
The Reflection mechanism also provides a means to load a class if it isn\'t already loaded. It uses the classloader of the current class:
``` java
Class type = Class.forName(name);
Object obj = type.newInstance();
```
However, there is no simple way to unload a class in a controlled way. Loaded classes can only be unloaded in a controlled way, i.e. when the programmer wants this to happen, if the classloader used to load the class is not the system class loader, and is itself unloaded. When doing so, various details need to be observed to ensure the class is really unloaded. This makes unloading of classes tedious.
Implicit unloading of classes, i.e. in an uncontrolled way by the garbage collector, has changed a few times in Java. Until Java 1.2. the garbage collector could unload a class whenever it felt it needed the space, independent of which class loader was used to load the class. Starting with Java 1.2 classes loaded via the system classloader were never unloaded and classes loaded via other classloaders only when this other classloader was unloaded. Starting with Java 6 classes can contain an internal marker indicating to the garbage collector they can be unloaded if the garbage collector desires to do so, independent of the classloader used to load the class. The garbage collector is free to ignore this hint.
Similarly, libraries implementing native methods are dynamically loaded using the `System.loadLibrary` method. There is no `System.unloadLibrary` method.
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# Dynamic loading
## Platforms without dynamic loading {#platforms_without_dynamic_loading}
Despite its promulgation in the 1980s through Unix and Windows, some systems still chose not to add---or even to remove---dynamic loading. For example, Plan 9 from Bell Labs and its successor 9front intentionally avoid dynamic linking, as they consider it to be \"harmful\". The Go programming language, by some of the same developers as Plan 9, also did not support dynamic linking, but plugin loading is available since [Go 1.8](https://tip.golang.org/doc/go1.8) (February 2017). The Go runtime and any library functions are statically linked into the compiled binary
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| 4 |
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# 1638 in Ireland
Events from the year **1638 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: Charles I
## Events
- January 13 -- proclamation enforcing the monopoly on tobacco held by the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir Thomas Wentworth.
## Arts and literature {#arts_and_literature}
- January 1 -- James Shirley\'s comedy *The Royal Master* is premiered at the Werburgh Street Theatre, Dublin.
## Births
- Valentine Browne, 1st Viscount Kenmare, peer (d. 1694)
## Deaths
- June 14 -- Claud Hamilton, 2nd Baron Hamilton of Strabane (b. c
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| 0 |
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# Roosteren
**Roosteren** (*Roostere*) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Echt-Susteren.
The village was first mentioned in 1201 as Rustern. The etymology is unclear. Roosteren developed in the Middle Ages as a linear settlement. In the 13th century, it became part of the Duchy of Guelders. The centre moved to the hamlet Scheiereynde where a church was built.
The St Jacobus de Meerdere Church is a three-aisled neoclassic church which was in 1843. It was damaged during World War II and restored in 1946. Eyckholt Castle is a late-16th century estate. A tower was added in the 19th century. Ter Borch Castle (also Roosterborch) was built around 1880 and the location of a 15th century which was demolished in 1632.
Roosteren was home to 746 people in 1840. It was a separate municipality until 1982, when it was merged with Susteren. The municipality also covered the hamlets of Visserweert, Kokkelert, and Oud-Roosteren. In 2003, it was merged into Echt-Susteren.
## Gallery
<File:Herberg> De Tramhalte in Roosteren.jpg\|Inn De Tramhalte <File:Schansberg> 3 te Roosteren.jpg\|House in Roosteren <File:Roosteren> (Echt-Susteren) kasteel Eyckholt.JPG\|Eyckholt Castle <File:Roosterborgh
| 190 |
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| 0 |
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# 1659 in Ireland
Events from the year **1659 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Lord Protector: Richard Cromwell (until 25 May)
## Events
- May 25 -- Richard Cromwell (son of Oliver) resigns as Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland.
- June 15 -- Henry Cromwell (son of Oliver) resigns as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
## Births
- September -- Claud Hamilton, 4th Earl of Abercorn, Jacobite and soldier, fought at the Battle of the Boyne (d.1691)
- October 28 -- Nicholas Brady, Anglican divine and poet (d
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| 0 |
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# Elizabeth Huckaby
**Elizabeth Paisley Huckaby** (14 April 1905 in Hamburg, Arkansas -- 18 March 1999 in Little Rock, Arkansas) was an educator.
As the Vice-Principal for Girls of Little Rock Central High School, Huckaby was given the responsibility for protecting the six female members of the first nine black students admitted to the school after desegregation. Her book *Crisis at Central High: Little Rock 1957--58*, published in 1980, was based on a diary she kept on the events.
The daughter of a Presbyterian minister, Huckaby earned a B.A. and M.A. in education from the University of Arkansas, where she was elected to Phi Beta Kappa as an undergraduate. Her husband, Glenn Huckaby, was a long-time educator with the Little Rock School District.
She was portrayed by Joanne Woodward in the 1981 TV film based on *Crisis at Central High*.
- [Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture page on Elizabeth Huckaby](http://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail
| 151 |
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| 0 |
10,131,704 |
# Jack Stroud
**Jack Chester Stroud** (January 29, 1928 -- June 1, 1994) was an American professional football player who was an offensive lineman for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Tennessee Volunteers and was selected in the fifth round of the 1951 NFL draft. He was a member of the 1956 Giants championship squad.
While at the University of Tennessee, Stroud was also a member of the track and field team and twice placed first in the javelin throw (1950, 1951) at the Southeastern Conference (SEC) meet.
In December 1970, Stroud\'s son, Jack Jr., died at age 19 from complications following shoulder surgery. The younger Stroud was a freshman football player at Tennessee
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| 0 |
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# Lenny Seidman
**Lenny Seidman** (born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a tabla player, a composer, a co-director of the Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra, and a World Music/Jazz curator at the Painted Bride Art Center in Philadelphia.
## History, ensembles, touring, teachers {#history_ensembles_touring_teachers}
Lenny Seidman is a tabla player, composer and teacher based in Philadelphia. For the past 30 years, his creative output has centered around the application of tabla to a wide range of interdisciplinary and intercultural settings.
The son of a cantor and choir leader, he graduated Temple University with a degree in accounting. Realizing that this was not his calling after a few years and after an equally discouraging stint in the army, he \"dropped out\" and began studying classical and jazz piano with aspirations of becoming a jazz pianist. Along the way, however, he experienced an epiphany in discovering Indian classical music and tabla in 1971. He immediately began studying tabla, first with Ishwarlal Misra followed by Chotelal Misra and Kiran Deshponde, all from Benares, India. Inspired by this rich, ancient musical culture and seeking deeper personal awareness of the world around him, he set off on several journeys to India, Nepal, Kashmir, Eastern and Western Europe, backpacking and hitchhiking with his tabla and quickly learning that music is the universal language no matter where he found himself. Playing tabla allowed him entry into many different communities even if he didn\'t speak the language.
His first formal entry into the magical world of music was working with improvisational musicians and dancers in Philadelphia. He was hooked. By the 80s, feeling the need to dig deeper into Indian rhythms, Lenny began learning the South Indian rhythm system with carnatic violinist Adrian L\'Armand. At the same time, he had been expanding his creative vision by integrating analog electronic music (Serge Modular) with tabla and other percussion - composing and performing pieces for independent choreographers, dance companies and installation artists and for his own music ensembles, Lotus and Shamanistics, with such creative musicians including Jamaaladeen Tacuma, Ric Iannacone, Michael Daugherty and Toshi Makihara. Memorable events include week long solo performances at ARTPARK in Lewiston NY for an outdoor fabric installation in the woods by Elaine Crivelli, several performances in East and West Berlin with Group Motion Dance Theater Co. directed by Manfred and Brigitta Fischbeck and a collaboration with choreographer/dancer Benoit LaChambre at the Canada Dance Festival in Ottawa. He continued his tabla development with performances of North and South Indian classical music with L\'Armand and with North Indian bansuri flutist, Paul John.
In 1991, Lenny became a student of tabla maestro and composer, Zakir Hussain in California that permanently cemented his commitment exclusively to tabla as his life\'s work moving forward. He subsequently designed, coordinated and performed in two intensive residencies led by Zakir and kathak dancer/choreographer, Antonia Minnecola, that involved 20 culturally diverse traditional hand drummers and dancers. This experience helped launch Seidman into dedicating himself to focusing on creating his own projects that bring cultures together.
A three-month residency in 1993 at the Headlands Center for the Arts in Sausalito, California provided Seidman a fertile cultural environment for continued study with Zakir, composing, collaborating with fellow residents and researching for what was to follow. In 1996, Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra and the Lenny Seidman Tabla Choir were born. He was awarded a fellowship/residency at APPEX (Asian Pacific Performing Arts Exchange) hosted by UCLA in 1999, that monumentally expanding Lenny\'s aesthetic and world view. This intense six-week residency, curated and coordinated by Judy Mitoma, involved living, work-shopping and performing with a large group of traditional and contemporary drummers, choreographers, and theater artists from many Pacific Rim countries. The performances took place at UCLA and other venues in Los Angeles.
Lenny was co-director with Daryl Burgee of Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra, unifying the drumming traditions of North Indian tabla, Afro-Cuban bata, Afro-Brazilian samba, and West African djembe into its own unique voice. Spoken Hand performed and conducted workshops extensively in university, festival and theater settings nationally for twenty years. Among their many accomplishments was a collaboration in 2002 with Zakir Hussain and pioneer hip-hop choreographer Rennie Harris\' Puremovement in \"Flammable Contents\". Shortly after, Spoken Hand released its first CD and followed up with their \"Skins & Songs\" CD, a collaboration with Philip Hamilton\'s \"Voices,\" with whom Lenny also performed in Poland. He completed a four-year international tour in 2007 with hip hop pioneer Rennie Harris\' PureMovement epic piece, \"Facing Mekka,\" as a musical collaborator. Seidman is director of the Lenny Seidman Tabla Choir and is an original member of Atzilut, the Middle Eastern Jewish/Arabic music ensemble noted for their \"Concerts for Peace\" performed at the United Nations, throughout the U.S., and Europe.
In other more recent projects, he was musical director and composer for Nadine Patterson\'s feature film, \"Tango Macbeth\" which screened internationally. He guest performed with the contemporary opera \"Ghosts of Monticello\" at Bucknell University in 2015 (Garrett Fisher (composer), Carmen Gillespie (librettist), and Emily Martin-Mobley (director)). In late 2015, he collaborated with butoh artist Michael Sakamoto with his tabla choir (Daniel Ando Scholnick and Mike Nevin) at the Barnes Foundation in Philadelphia.
By this time, Seidman had become hyper aware of the thread that was subconsciously weaving through his creative life over the past few decades - applying tabla to a multitude of collaborative inter cultural and interdisciplinary environments and reconciling all their inherent differences. The culmination of this formalized mission resulted in a 2017 project grant from Pew Center for Arts & Heritage to create and direct \"ARC\", a full-length contemporary suite merging the drumming traditions of tabla and taiko with choreography and dance representing Asia Pacific, African diasporic, hip hop and Western post modern. With substantial additional support from the William J. Cooper Foundation, the world premier took place at Swarthmore College in October, 2018. The cast consisted of Joe Small, Kristy Oshiro, Isaku Kageyama, Laurel Jenkins, Ani Gavino, Orlando Hunter, Daniel Ando Scholnick, Jonathan Marmor, and Seidman. A month long artist retreat at the Millay Colony for the Arts in Austerlitz, NY provided him uninterrupted time to develop his vision and compose music for this project.
Lenny had founded and coordinated several other ensembles along the way including the Shamanistics with Michael Daugherty and Ric Iannacone, and Splinter Group, a percussion/dance ensemble that included Rennie Harris, Roko Kawai, Grace Zarnoch-Green, Toshi Makihara, Joe Ruscitto and Branavan Ganesan. He has performed and/or recorded throughout the Americas, as well as abroad, with such music artists including Zakir Hussain, Kenny Endo, Simon Shaheen, Yacouba Sissoko; LL Cool J, Kenny Muhammad, I Dewa Puta Berata; Butch Morris, Yair Dalal, Kyaw Kyaw Naing, Elio Villafranca, Papo Vazquez, Adam Rudolph, Joe Small and poet Ursula Rucker.
He has also collaborated with many choreographers including Cynthia Lee, Viji Rao, Helmut Gottschild, Christine Cox, Nina Martin, Myra Bazell, Eko Supriyanto, Cheng-Chieh Yu, Sen Hea Ha, Ananya Chatterjea, Kim Arrow, and Pallabi Chakrobarty. He was a guest artist at Swarthmore College Department of Music and Dance from 1998 to 2012 teaching tabla, collaborating with their gamelan orchestra and taiko ensemble, and the kathak dance classes. Lenny has given workshops nationally, teaches tabla and rhythm theory privately, and has been the World Music and Jazz curator at the Painted Bride Art Center in Philadelphia since 1986 having programmed over 400 concerts, residencies and educational outreach activities. He continues to perform for South Asian community events.
## Grants, fellowships, commissions, residencies, awards {#grants_fellowships_commissions_residencies_awards}
Lenny\'s creative work has been supported by the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts, Independence Foundation, National Endowment for the Arts, Rockefeller Foundation\'s MAP Fund, William J. Cooper Foundation and Pew Center for Arts and Heritage. He was commissioned by Phrenic New Ballet to compose a new piece for choreographer Christine Cox\'s \"Tabula Rasa,\" and by Kim Arrow for his \"Quasimodo in the Outback\". He was awarded the APPEX Fellowship in 1999, a six-week inter-cultural residency at UCLA where he collaborated and lived with 30 performing artists from throughout Asia. He also was awarded a three-month residency at Headlands Center for the Arts in Sausalito, CA in 1993. Seidman completed a month-long artist retreat at The Millay Colony for the Arts in April 2017, and was awarded a project grant from the Pew Center for Arts & Heritage to develop \"ARC\", a performance suite that brings together the drumming traditions of tabla and taiko along with the added dimension of dance.
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# Lenny Seidman
## Compositions
- \"Rain Man of Fitz. Mercy\" - Composed in honor of his brother, Murray, who was murdered in early 2011. This piece was performed by Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra in May 2011.
- \"Taal of the Wild\" - Commissioned by the Independence Foundation. \"Taal\"(or tala) refers to the rhythmic system of Indian music. This piece was inspired by his trek into the Himalayas in Kashmir, and features themes and variations of a phrase played at 4 to the beat and 7 to the beat. \"Taal of the Wild\" is part of Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra\'s repertory, and has also been performed by the APPEX Percussion Ensemble at the Japan/American Theatre in Los Angeles.
- \"Bendir, Done Dat\" - Composed for Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra. Features a trio of Bendir(frame drum with snare) players. It is now part of Spoken Hand\'s repertory.
- \"Peshkar\" - Composed for Spoken Hand. Peshkar is one of the primary compositional forms in the classical tabla repertoire. It is now in the Spoken Hand repertory.
- \"Mudra Hang\" - Commissioned by choreographer Kim Arrow for his multimedia work, \"Quasimodo in the Outback\". Composed for the tabla choir, this suite collaborates with both live and animated dance.
- \"Dha Funk\" - Inspired by the work of South Indian violin master L.Shankar, this 19-beat cycle gets tongue-in-cheek treatment in a call-and-response recitation of the tabla drum strokes. \"Dha Funk\" is part of Spoken Hand\'s repertory.
- \"Skinful\" - This Spoken Hand Percussion Orchestra repertory piece, in a cycle of 16 beats, merges both North Indian(Hindustani) and South Indian(Carnatic) rhythmic concepts, and features a Carnatic style of melodic instrument/drum interplay. \"Skinful\" was performed by the APPEX Percussion Ensemble at UCLA.
- \"Haitian Taiko\" - Composed for tabla and Swarthmore College\'s Taiko Ensemble. The primary rhythmic theme was inspired by an Afro/Haitian rhythm, developed for the tabla choir.
- \"Batu-Batu Tukene\" - Composed for tabla and Swarthmore College\'s Balinese Gamelan ensemble Semara Santi. Batu-Batu denotes a quick, repetitive drum pattern that supports a fast passage in a gamelan composition, and tukene is a 3 count tabla phrase. This piece merges both traditions in a contemporary format, set to a 6 beat cycle in a main subdivision of 9-7-5-3.
- \"Dha Terekita Cak\" - Composed for tabla and Semara Santi Gamelan Ensemble, this piece features the rhythmic recitation practices from the Balinese gamelan and North/South Indian drumming traditions conversing with each other.
- \"Tabula Rasa\" - Commissioned by Phrenic New Ballet, this piece was composed for choreographer Christine Cox. It was recorded in a recording studio suite consisting of multi-track tabla layers of various pitches, and included an abstract electronic music section.
- \"Meet Mr. R\" - A 75-minute solo piece performed by Seidman for tabla and frame drum approximately 12 times during 1994 and 1995 for Helmut Gottschild. \"Meet Mr. R\" performed at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio; Allegheny College, Meadeville PA; University of the Arts Theater, Philadelphia PA and Painted Bride Art Center, and Philadelphia PA
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# Schaesberg
**Schaesberg** (`{{IPA|nl|ˈsxaːzbɛr(ə)x}}`{=mediawiki}; *D\'r Sjeet* `{{IPA|li|dəʀ ˈʃeːt|}}`{=mediawiki}) is a neighbourhood of Landgraaf and former village in the Dutch province of Limburg.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 16th century as Gaesberg. The etymology is unknown. Schaesberg developed in the 17th century between the Schaesberg and Strijthagen castles from the 13th century. In 1618, it became a *heerlijkheid*. In 1661, it became part of the Spanish Netherlands, and in 1713 an enclave of the Austrian Netherlands within the Dutch Republic. In 1785, it became part of the Dutch Republic.
The Catholic Peter and Paul Church was founded in 1648. In 1699, it was expanded and a tower was attached. Strijthagen Castle was built in 1530, but probably had a 13th century predecessor. It received its current form around 1700. Schaesberg castle was abandoned in 1733, and only ruins remain.
Schaesberg was home to 710 people in 1840. A railway station was built in 1896 on the Sittard to Herzogenrath (Germany) railway line. In 1949, a railway line to Simpelveld was added. The railway station was renamed Landgraaf in 1986, and the line to Simpelveld closed in 1988. In 1905, mine workers colonies were built in Schaesberg, and the village started to grow.
Schaesberg was a separate municipality until 1982, when it merged with Nieuwenhagen and Ubach over Worms to form the new municipality Landgraaf. It also became a neighbourhood of Landgraaf.
## Gallery
<File:Schaesbergmarkt.jpg%7CMarket> <File:Kasteelstrijthagen1.jpg%7CStrijthagen> Castle <File:Notariskantoor> Mickartz Schaesberg.jpg\|Villa in Schaesberg <File:Mijn> Oranje Nassau - Ingenieurswoning - Landgraaf - RM521677
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# Rachitic rosary
The **rachitic rosary** or **beading of the ribs** are the prominent knobs of bone at the costochondral joints of rickets patients. The knobs create the appearance of large beads under the skin of the rib cage, hence the name by analogy with the beads of a Catholic Christian rosary.
## Pathophysiology
In rickets, deficient or impaired vitamin D activity reduces intestinal calcium absorption, resulting in hypocalcemia. This stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion, which exacerbates phosphate loss and further depletes calcium reserves.
Rachitic rosary results from calcium deficiency, which disrupts the mineralization of osteoid and cartilage at the costochondral junctions, leading to the accumulation and excessive proliferation of uncalcified growth plate cartilage, forming palpable bony swellings.
Rickets is the most common cause of rachitic rosary, however its presence has also been noted in tumor-induced osteomalacia, primary hyperparathyroidism, and beta-thalassemia. It is usually seen in infants or children.
## Diagnosis
Rachitic rosary may be felt during palpitation on a physical exam, or can be seen on a chest X-ray. In severe cases including malnutrition, the bony protrusions may be seen through the skin.
Scorbutic rosary is a differential diagnosis for rachitic rosary. Scorbutic rosary may present as beading at the costochondral junctions in cases of advanced scurvy in children. It may be distinguished from rachitic rosary on radiographic imaging by its more angular appearance and the presence of an abrupt irregularity at the costochondral junction.
## Management
With the underlying cause treated, rachitic rosary may resolve on its own. If identified and treated early, nutritional rickets has a good prognosis
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# Martin Bergman
**Martin Bergman** (born 17 June 1957) is a British producer, writer and director who works in Hollywood.
After graduating from Cambridge University in 1979, Bergman produced several live arena shows with his Australian partner Michael Edgley, including the world tour of ice skaters Torvill and Dean. He also produced several comedy shows in Australia, Britain and the USA.
Bergman married the American comedian Rita Rudner in 1988. They have written several films, plays and TV projects together. Bergman has also directed some of these projects, and Bergman\'s company has produced many of his wife\'s shows, most notably her Las Vegas residency which sold almost two million tickets over a multi-year run. They have a daughter Molly and the three of them divide their time between homes in Southern California
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# Lewis Bush
**Lewis Fitzgerald Bush** (December 2, 1969 -- December 8, 2011) was an American professional football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Washington State Cougars.
## Early life {#early_life}
Bush prepped at Washington High School in Tacoma, Washington.
## College career {#college_career}
Bush played college football at Washington State University in Pullman, from 1988 through 1992.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
Bush was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the fourth round (99th overall) of the 1993 NFL draft. He played in the NFL for ten seasons, seven with the Chargers and three with the Kansas City Chiefs.
## Post-career {#post_career}
Bush was a pre-game commentator for San Diego Chargers radio broadcasts on KIOZ, and also worked as an Enrollment Advisor for Ashford University in 2009.
Bush died of a heart attack at age 42 in late 2011
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# 1668 in Ireland
Events from the year **1668 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: Charles II
## Events
- Roger Boyle, Earl of Orrery, resigns the office of Lord President of Munster on account of disputes with James Butler, Duke of Ormonde, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
## Births
- Thomas FitzMaurice, 1st Earl of Kerry, politician (d. 1741)
## Deaths
- 14 April -- George Hamilton, 4th Baron Hamilton of Strabane (b. c.1636/7)
- Full date unknown -- Patrick D\'Arcy, nationalist who wrote the constitution of Confederate Ireland (b
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# Kirkbride railway station
**Kirkbride** was a stone and brick built railway station with a single platform on the Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway on the Solway Plain in Cumbria, England.
The station opened in August 1856 with the line\'s extension to `{{stnlnk|Silloth}}`{=mediawiki}. The North British Railway leased the line and the station in 1862 and subsequently took it over in 1880. In 1923 the station became part of the London and North Eastern Railway and became part of British Railways after nationalisation in 1948. The station closed with the line on 7 September 1964.
The platform has been demolished, but in 2013 the station house still existed as a private residence
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# Hamamelis virginiana
***Hamamelis virginiana***, known as **witch-hazel**, **common witch-hazel**, **American witch-hazel** and **beadwood**, is a species of flowering shrub native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to Minnesota, and south to central Florida to eastern Texas.`{{r|FNA:220006023}}`{=mediawiki}
## Description
*Hamamelis virginiana* is a small, deciduous tree or shrub growing up to 6 m, rarely to 10 m tall, often with a dense cluster of stems from its base. The bark is light brown, smooth, scaly, inner bark reddish purple. The branchlets are pubescent at first, later smooth, light orange brown, marked with occasional white dots, finally dark or reddish brown. The foliage buds are acute, slightly falcate, downy, light brown. The leaves are oval, 3.7--16.7 cm long and 2.5--13 cm broad, oblique at the base, acute or rounded at the apex, with a wavy-toothed or shallowly lobed margin, and a short, stout petiole 6--15 mm long; the midrib is more or less hairy, stout, with six to seven pairs of primary veins. The young leaves open involute, covered with stellate rusty down; when full grown, they are dark green above, and paler beneath. In fall, they turn yellow with rusty spots. The leaf stipules are lanceolate, acute; they fall soon after the leaf expands.
The flowers are pale to bright yellow, rarely orange or reddish, with four ribbon-shaped petals 1--2 cm long and four short stamens, and grow in clusters; flowering begins in about mid-fall and continues until late fall. The floral `{{Wikt-lang|en|calyx|italic=no}}`{=mediawiki} is imbricate in bud, deeply four-parted, very downy, and orange brown within. Two or three bractlets appear at base. The fruit is a hard woody capsule 10--14 mm long, which splits explosively at the apex at maturity one year after pollination, ejecting the two shiny black seeds up to 10 m distant from the parent plant.`{{r|FNA:220006023|FNA:114541|MOB|Keeler 1900}}`{=mediawiki}
*Hamamelis virginiana* can be distinguished from the related *Hamamelis vernalis* by its flowering in fall, not winter.`{{r|FNA:220006023|FNA:233500659}}`{=mediawiki}
## Ecology
*Hamamelis virginiana* flowers from late September to late November, occasionally in December.`{{r|FNA:220006023}}`{=mediawiki} The pollinated ovary, protected by a persistent `{{Wikt-lang|en|calyx|italic=no}}`{=mediawiki}, enters a resting state during the winter months. Fertilization of the ovary is delayed until the following spring, usually about the middle of May, which is 5--7 months after pollination. The fruits develop over the course of the growing season, reaching maturity in late August. As the ripe fruit dries and dehisces, the seeds are ballistically ejected, typically by late October. The empty seed pod remains attached to the plant,`{{r|Guertin et al. 2017}}`{=mediawiki} sometimes for months. The seeds lie on the ground for two winters before sprouting.
*Hamamelis virginiana* is a pollinator plant that attracts moths and supports 62 species of caterpillars.`{{r|Darke and Tallamy 2014|Pollinator Partnership}}`{=mediawiki}
## Uses
Native Americans produced witch hazel extract by boiling the stems of the shrub and producing a decoction, which was used to treat swellings, inflammations, and tumors. Early Puritan settlers in New England adopted this remedy from the natives, and its use became widely established in the United States.
An extract of the plant is used in the astringent witch hazel.
*H. virginiana* produces a specific kind of tannins called *hamamelitannin s*. One of those substances displays a specific cytotoxic activity against colon cancer cells.
The bark and leaves were used by Native Americans in the treatment of external inflammations. *Pond\'s Extract* was a popular distillation of the bark in dilute alcohol.
The wood is light reddish brown, sapwood nearly white; heavy, hard, close-grained, with a density of 0.68.`{{r|Keeler 1900}}`{=mediawiki}
The forked twigs of witch-hazel are preferred as divining rods
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# Sint Geertruid
**Sint Geertruid** (Limburgish: *Se-Gietere*) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located the municipality of Eijsden-Margraten.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1178 as \"in monte\". The current name is reference to Gertrude of Nivelles. In the middle of the 13th an outpost of the Cistercian monastery Hocht was founded and the area was cultivated. Sint Geertruid became a parish in 1222.
The Catholic St Gertrudis Church is a three-aisled church with 11th century elements. The chalk stone tower was built around 1300. It was modified and extended several times throughout its history and restored between 1956 and 1957.
Sint Geertruid was home to 271 people in 1840. It was a separate municipality until 1982, when it was merged with Margraten. The municipality was formed in 1828 from parts of the municipalities of Breust and Eijsden. In 2011, it became part of the municipality of Eijsden-Margraten.
Part of the Sint Geertruid population centre in the Eijsden-Margraten municipality are also the separately situated townships of: Bruisterbosch, Herkenrade, Libeek and Moerslag.
A significant part of the \"Savelsbos\" hill side forest is situated in the outlying area of Sint Geertruid.
## Gallery
<File:Sint> Geertruid-Heerkuil 1 (1).JPG\|Sint Geertruid-Heerkuil <File:Sint> Geertruid-Kerk (1).JPG\|St Gertrudis Church <File:Voorzijde> - Sint Geertruid - 20075590 - RCE.jpg\|Village view back in 1962 <File:Sint> Geertruid Bevrijdingsmonument voor Sint-Gertrudiskerk
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# 1633 in Ireland
Events from the year **1633 in Ireland**.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: Charles I
## Events
- St Columb\'s Cathedral, Derry is completed; the first post-Reformation Anglican cathedral built in the British Isles and the first Protestant cathedral built in Europe.
## Births
- William FitzMaurice, 20th Baron Kerry
- James Hamilton, 3rd Baron Hamilton of Strabane, peer (d
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# Torrey Pines, San Diego
**Torrey Pines** is a community neighborhood of 2,600 acre in the northern coastal area of San Diego, California, United States, with large areas of office space along Interstate 5.
The large office, retail, entertainment and academic facilities in University City a.k.a. UTC (over 9 million sq. ft. of office space), Sorrento Mesa/Sorrento Valley (also over 9 million sq. ft.), Torrey Pines (over 2.6 million sq. ft.), and Del Mar Heights/Carmel Valley (over 4.4 million sq. ft.), together form San Diego\'s \"**North City edge city**\", an edge city being a major center of employment outside a traditional downtown.
The area is also home to Torrey Pines Golf Course, one of the highest-ranked municipal golf courses in the country. The course and the City of San Diego hosted the 2008 US Open and the 2021 US Open. In addition, the Farmers Insurance Open, a PGA Tour tournament, is played at Torrey Pines annually.
## Geography
Torrey Pines is bordered to the north by the city of Del Mar, to the south by La Jolla, to the east by Interstate 5, Carmel Valley, Torrey Hills, the Los Peñasquitos Canyon Reserve, and Mira Mesa; and to the west by La Jolla and the Pacific Ocean for a short distance near Torrey Pines State Beach and Torrey Pines State Park.
42 percent of the community is parks and open spaces, 24 percent is residential, 17 percent is transportation, 15 percent is industrial, 1 percent is schools, and 1 percent is commercial.
Del Mar Terraces and the Del Mar Heights are neighborhoods within this community.
## Demographics
According to January 2013 estimates by the San Diego Association of Governments, there were 6,652 people and 2,889 households residing in the neighborhood. The estimated racial makeup was 81.5% White, 8.6% Asian & Pacific Islander, 5.7% Hispanic, 3.4% other races, 0.8% African American, and 0.1% American Indian. The median age was 46.6 with 20.4% under the age of 18 (64% White, 12% Asian/P.I., 11% each Hispanic and other races, 3% African American) and 21.7% age 65 and older (96% White, 3% Asian/P.I., less than 1% all other races). The estimated median household income was \$176,362 (\$168,471 adjusted for inflation in 2010 dollars); 54% of the community made more than \$150,000; 24% made between \$60,000 and \$149,999; and 23% made less than \$60,000.
## Education
The Del Mar Union School District serves two elementary schools in Del Mar Heights neighborhood, Del Mar Hills Academy and Del Mar Heights Elementary
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