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# Hubert Deutsch
**Hubert Deutsch** (3 May 1925 -- 16 June 2018) was an Austrian conductor and administrator closely connected to the Vienna State Opera
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# Marcilly, Seine-et-Marne
**Marcilly** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁsiji|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Marcilly.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Marcilliens*
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# Waldemar Björkstén
**Waldemar Björkstén** (August 12, 1873 -- May 31, 1933) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Nina*, which won the silver medal in the 10 metre class
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# Les Marêts
**Les Marêts** (`{{IPA|fr|le maʁɛ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Les Marêts.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne département in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
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# Jacob Björnström
**Jacob Carl Gustaf Herman Björnström** (December 14, 1881 -- July 17, 1935) was a Finnish diplomat, businessman and sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Nina*, which won the silver medal in the 10 metre class.
## Early life {#early_life}
Björnström was born in Uuras, near Vyborg, in the Grand Duchy of Finland to Gustaf Herman Björnström and Olga Maria Swahn.
## Death
In 1935, Björnström was killed in an automobile accident on the Petsamo highway near Inari, Finland, that also severely injured Kristian Hanssen, the vice consul of Norway in Helsinki
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# Brother Bear (soundtrack)
***Brother Bear: An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack*** is the soundtrack to Disney\'s 2003 animated feature film *Brother Bear*. It contains the film\'s score composed by Mark Mancina and Phil Collins, as well as songs written by Collins, and performed by Tina Turner, The Blind Boys of Alabama, Oren Waters, The Bulgarian Women\'s Choir, and even Collins himself. Much of the soundtrack in the film consists of the songs performed by Collins as a montage, much like what was done with the earlier Disney soundtrack to film *Tarzan*, but not entirely. The album was released on October 21, 2003 by Walt Disney Records.
Although not released as a single, \"On My Way\" was featured prominently in commercials for the film. The song is about going off to new places with new friends, and Collins sings it during a montage when Kenai befriends Koda. The number is also sometimes listed as \"Send Me on My Way\".
As with *Tarzan*, Collins also performed French, German, Italian and Spanish versions of the songs featured.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
\"Welcome\" was also featured as the theme for Walt Disney\'s Parade of Dreams at Disneyland.
Collins performed \"Look Through My Eyes\" on the British show Top Of The Pops when it was charted at number 20
## Personnel
**Credits (Track 1)**
- Phil Collins -- vocals, drums, arrangements
- Jamie Muhoberac -- keyboards
- Carmen Rizzo -- programming
- Dan Chase -- programming
- Tim Pierce -- guitars
- Paul Bushnell -- bass
- Rob Cavallo -- arrangements
- David Campbell -- string arrangements and conductor
**Credits (Tracks 2-13)**
- Phil Collins -- instruments, vocal arrangements, arrangements (2-9), vocals (3, 4, 6-9), score composing (10-12)
- Mark Mancina -- instruments, vocal arrangements, arrangements (2, 5-8), score composing (10-12)
- Jamie Muhoberac -- keyboards
- Tim Heintz -- acoustic piano, Hammond B3 organ
- Frank Marocco -- accordion
- George Doering -- guitars
- Tim May -- guitars
- Dean Parks -- guitars
- Tim Pierce -- guitars
- Nathan East -- bass guitar
- Trey Henry -- bass guitar
- Jimmy Johnson -- bass guitar
- Kenny Wild -- bass guitar
- Luis Conte -- percussion
- Michael Fisher -- percussion
- Louis Mollino III -- percussion
- Tommy Morgan -- bass harmonica
- Pedro Eustache -- world woodwinds
- Chris Montan -- arrangements (4)
- Eddie Jobson -- choral arrangements (5)
- Tanja Andreeva -- choir coordinator (5)
- Lorena Williams -- Inuit translation (5)
- Tina Turner -- vocals (2)
- The Bulgarian Women\'s Choir -- choir (5)
- The Blind Boys of Alabama -- vocals (7)
- Oren Waters -- vocals (7)
- David Metzger -- orchestrations, vocal arrangements
- Ralph Morrison -- concertmaster
- Don Harper -- orchestra conductor
- Sandy de Crescent -- score contractor
- Reggie Wilson -- song contractor
- Carmen Carter -- vocal contractor
- Bobbi Page -- vocal contractor
- Booker White -- supervising music copyist for Walt Disney Music Library
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# Brother Bear (soundtrack)
## Production
**Track 1**
- Rob Cavallo -- producer
- Cheryl Jenets -- production coordinator
- Allen Sides -- recording
- Chris Lord-Alge -- mixing
- Keith Armstrong -- recording assistant
- Jimmy Hoyson -- recording assistant
- John Morrical -- recording assistant
- Tom Sweeney -- recording assistant
- Tal Herzberg -- Pro Tools engineer
- Doug McKeon -- Pro Tools engineer
- Bernie Grundman -- mastering at Bernie Grundman Mastering (Hollywood, California)
**Tracks 2-13**
- Phil Collins -- producer (2-9, 13)
- Mark Mancina -- producer (2, 5-8, 10, 11, 12)
- Chris Montan -- producer (4)
- Chris Goldsmith -- additional vocal production (7)
- Frank Wolf -- recording and mixing (songs)
- Steve Kempster -- recording and mixing (scores and songs)
- Chris Lord-Alge -- mixing (4)
- Jimmy Hoyson, Ivo Keremidchiev, Ron Kurz and Andrew Page -- additional engineers
- Kremena Anguelova, Vladislav Boyadjiev, Brian Dixon, Roumen Enchev, Steve Genewick, Mike Glines, Tom Hardisty, Tim Lauber, Evan Lloyd, Jason Locklin, Carsten Schmid, Ed Woolley -- assistant engineers
- Johnny Whieldon -- score assistant engineer
- Seth Dockstader, Marc Gebauer, David Marquette, Jay Selvester and Richard Wheeler -- scoring crew
- Earl Ghaffari -- music editing
- Daniel Gaber -- music editing assistant
- Geoff Callingham, Danny Gillen and Steve Jones -- technical crew for Phil Collins
- Rich Toenes -- technical support
- Chuck Choi -- technical consultant
- Bernie Grundman -- mastering (4) at Bernie Grundman Mastering (Hollywood, California)
- Tom MacDougall -- music production supervisor
- Deniece Hall -- music production coordinator
- Andrew Page -- music production manager
- Joel Berke and Jill Iverson -- music production assistants
**Other Credits**
- Chris Montan -- executive producer
- Patricia Sullivan Fourstar -- album mastering at Bernie Grundman Mastering (Hollywood, California)
- Federico F. Tio -- creative director
- John Blas and Arnaldo D\'Alfonso -- cover art
- Luis M. Fernández -- art direction
- Marcella Wong -- design
- Glen Lajeski -- creative marketing
- Lorenzo Aguis -- photos of Phil Collins
- Richard McLaren -- photo of Tina Turner
- Steve Sherman -- photo of The Blind Boys of Alabama
## Charts
**Album**
Year Chart Position
------ ------------------------------ ----------
2003 U.S. *Billboard* 200 52
2003 U.S. *Billboard* Soundtracks 2
**Singles**
Year Single Artist Chart Position
------ -------------------------- -------------- -------------------- ----------
2003 \"Look Through My Eyes\" Phil Collins Adult Contemporary 5
## Reception
- AllMusic `{{Rating|2.5|5}}`{=mediawiki} \[`{{allMusic|class=album|id=r661912|pure_url=yes}}`{=mediawiki} link\]
- Common Sense Media `{{Rating|3|5}}`{=mediawiki} [link](http://www.commonsensemedia.org/music-reviews/Brother-Bear-Soundtrack
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# Grid-tied electrical system
A **grid-tied electrical system**, also called *tied to grid* or *grid tie system*, is a semi-autonomous electrical generation or grid energy storage system which links to the mains to feed excess capacity back to the local mains electrical grid. When insufficient electricity is available, electricity drawn from the mains grid can make up the shortfall. Conversely when excess electricity is available, it is sent to the main grid. When the Utility or network operator restricts the amount of energy that goes into the grid, it is possible to prevent any input into the grid by installing Export Limiting devices.
When batteries are used for storage, the system is called battery-to-grid (B2G), which includes vehicle-to-grid (V2G).
## How it works {#how_it_works}
*Main article: Grid tie inverter* Direct Current (DC) electricity from sources such as hydro, wind or solar is passed to an inverter which is grid tied. The inverter monitors the alternating current mains supply frequency and generates electricity that is phase matched to the mains. When the grid fails to accept power during a \"black out\", most inverters can continue to provide courtesy power.
## Battery-to-grid {#battery_to_grid}
A key concept of this system is the possibility of creating an electrical micro-system that is not dependent on the grid-tie to provide a high level quality of service. If the mains supply of the region is unreliable, the local generation system can be used to power important equipment.
Battery-to-grid can also spare the use of fossil fuel power plants to supply energy during peak loads on the public electric grid. Regions that charge based on time of use metering may benefit by using stored battery power during prime time.
## Environmentally friendly {#environmentally_friendly}
Local generation can be from an environmentally friendly source such as pico hydro, solar panels or a wind turbine. Individuals can choose to install their own system if an environmentally friendly mains provider is not available in their location.
## Small scale start {#small_scale_start}
A micro generation facility can be started with a very small system such as a home wind power generation, photovoltaic (solar cells) generation, or micro combined heat and power (Micro-CHP) system.
## Sell to and buy from mains {#sell_to_and_buy_from_mains}
- Excess electricity can be sold to mains.
- Electrical shortfall can be bought from mains
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# Allan Franck
**Allan Gunthard Franck** (September 17, 1888 -- May 28, 1963) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Nina*, which won the silver medal in the 10 metre class
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# John Jackson (astronomer)
**John Jackson** (11 February 1887 -- 9 December 1958) was a Scottish astronomer.
He was awarded The Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for his work on stellar parallaxes and star positions.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Born on 11 February 1887 at Mossvale Street, Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, John Jackson was educated at Paisley Grammar School, studying a range of subjects including the sciences and French and German, but not Latin or Greek, which were compulsory if he intended to sit the entrance examinations for university.
Having excelled at science, in particular chemistry, he decided to try for the entrance exam for Glasgow University in spite of not studying the classics. During the summer of 1903 he studied hard to improve his knowledge of Latin, which saw him pass the university entrance exam sufficiently well to be awarded a £25 bursary.
Graduating in 1907 with a first class honours Master of Arts degree in mathematics and natural philosophy, he was then awarded a fellowship of £100 a year for further study. The following year he undertook a Bachelor of Science degree, again at Glasgow University, with special distinction in mathematics, natural philosophy, astronomy and chemistry, winning medals in most of these subjects.
Astronomy was studied under the tutelage of Ludwig Becker. Jackson gained a thorough grounding in the fundamental elements of the subject to the extent required for a complete understanding of astronomy. He learned how to use a variety of astronomical instruments, how to correct observations and how to apply mathematical and arithmetical analysis to solve astronomical problems. Becker\'s enthusiastic teaching methods must have had a profound influence on Jackson as he then chose to pursue a career in astronomy.
As there seemed to be no possibility of obtaining an appointment in astronomy at Glasgow, Jackson decided to go to Cambridge University, and, after taking the entrance exam, was awarded a major scholarship to study at Trinity College as an ordinary undergraduate in 1909. He already knew as much spherical and dynamic astronomy as was then taught at Cambridge, but was introduced to new subjects including solar physics and astrophysics, whilst also furthering his knowledge of pure and applied mathematics. During his time at Cambridge he was awarded further medals for his work in astronomy.
## Greenwich Observatory {#greenwich_observatory}
In 1914 a vacancy as Chief Assistant arose at the Royal Observatory Greenwich and Jackson was selected by the Astronomer Royal, Sir Frank Watson Dyson. During a Zeppelin raid on London Jackson was in the observatory grounds studying the Moon. Urged to take shelter from the bombs by Dyson, Jackson is reported to have said \'the observatory was built to observe the Moon, and I am going to observe the Moon\'.
In 1917 Jackson was granted a commission in the Royal Engineers. He was sent to France to work on sound ranging, but in the spring of 1918, after the German armies breakthrough and advances, he was sent to the British Fourth Army as a trigonometrical survey officer, plotting artillery trajectories. His experience of observing and his knowledge of spherical astronomy meant he was suitably qualified to carry out this work, even resorting to observations of the Sun to help determine ranges and positions.
Jackson returned from France in 1919 and resumed his duties at Greenwich. The first extensive task he undertook was to prepare for publication all of the observations he had made of double stars, working on this with Herbert Hall Turner, the Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford University. Jackson also worked on calculating the rotation of the planet Neptune revising the accepted notion of a 7-hour rotation to 19 hours with a possible error of 20 per cent, not too far from the true figure of 15.8 hours.
## Cape Observatory {#cape_observatory}
In 1933 a vacancy arose for the position of His Majesty\'s Astronomer at Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Jackson was appointed to the post.
Jackson\'s first task on arrival at the Cape was to work on the large collection of photographic plates taken by David Gill of the sky above Cape Town, in order to derive the proper motions of these stars. He published these in two volumes, which covered the motions and spectral types of over 41,000 stars.
Most of Jackson\'s time at the Cape was taken up with the determination of stellar parallax, a programme that had been started by his predecessor, Harold Spencer Jones. Jackson worked on this for a number of years, taking as many as 1000 photographic plates of the sky in a year from which to work from. Jackson obtained results for 1600 stars, published in three volumes of the Cape Annals. As a result of his work the knowledge of stellar parallaxes for the southern hemisphere became better known than that of the northern.
Throughout his career Jackson took part in four expeditions to observe a total eclipse of the Sun. The Greenwich observatory had planned to send an expedition to South Africa to observe the eclipse of 1 October 1940, but the outbreak of the Second World War made it impossible to send observers. Equipment was sent instead and Jackson took charge of an expedition from the Cape Observatory to the observing site, where the total eclipse was successfully viewed.
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# John Jackson (astronomer)
## Awards and legacy {#awards_and_legacy}
Jackson retired from the Cape Observatory in 1950, being replaced by his assistant Dr R. H. Stoy.
He returned to England, where he settled with his wife, Mary Beatrice Marshall, in Ewell, Surrey. In 1952 John Jackson was awarded The Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society for his work on stellar parallaxes and his contributions to the general problems of star positions and proper motions. Further accolades awarded include the Gill Medal of the Astronomical Society of Southern Africa in 1958 and he was made a CBE in 1950. He held the posts of President of the Royal Society of South Africa in 1949 and was President of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1953 to 1955. After retiring he did not leave his passion for astronomy behind, making a trip to Stromatad in Sweden to observe the total eclipse of 30 June 1954. Many of Jackson\'s medals held at Coats Observatory, Paisley, having been donated to the observatory by Paisley Grammar School. The crater Jackson on the far side of the Moon is named after him.
Ill health plagued his later years and on 9 December 1958 John Jackson died after a brief illness
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# Emil Lindh
**Emil Aleksander Lindh** (15 April 1867 -- 3 September 1937) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.
He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Lucky Girl*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class.
He was also an actor in minor roles in eight films, including *Rautakylän vanha parooni* and *Murtovarkaus*
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# Glasgow University RFC
**Glasgow University Rugby Football Club** is a rugby union club at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. The men\'s side play in the university league; the women\'s side play in the `{{Scottish rugby updater|WomenGlasgowUni}}`{=mediawiki}.
## History
GURFC was formed in 1869 and is one of the university\'s oldest student groups, predating the Glasgow University Sports Association (GUSA), to which it is now affiliated.
The team plays in black and gold, the colours of the university.
The club is a founding member of the Scottish Rugby Union and has fielded thirteen full internationalists.
In a remarkably successful 2016/17 season the 1st XV finished 1st in BUCS Scottish 1A as well as winning the BUCS Trophy. The 2nd XV finished 4th in BUCS Scottish 2A as well as reaching the final of the Scottish Conference Cup. The 3rd XV narrowly missed out on promotion coming 2nd in BUCS Scottish 4A. The club also had 7 representatives in the Scottish Students squad who defeated the Scotland U19s in February.
Involved in multiple controversial incidents, the club has been branded a *shambles* both internally and amongst the wider student population in recent years.
## Glasgow University Sevens {#glasgow_university_sevens}
Glasgow University runs its own Sevens tournament. This began in 1898 with a tournament at Gilmorehill.
## Honours
### Men
- Glasgow University Sevens
- Champions: 1950, 1971
- Clydesdale Sevens
- Champions: 1994
- Bearsden Sevens
- Champions: 1969, 1979
- Kilmarnock Sevens
- Champions: 1940, 1945
- Ayr Sevens
- Champions: 1945, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1952, 1954
- Greenock Sevens
- Champions: 1951, 1952
- Helensburgh Sevens
- Champions: 2013
- Tennents west reserve league division 3 north
- Champions: 2022
- North East Sevens
- Champions: 2019
## Notable players {#notable_players}
### Men {#men_1}
The first GURFC `{{nrut|Scotland}}`{=mediawiki} cap was Duncan MacLeod in 1886.
- Hugh MacKintosh, 16 caps, 1930--32.
- Louis Leisler Greig, `{{nrut|Scotland}}`{=mediawiki} and 1903 British Lions.
- Arthur Smith, 33 caps for `{{nrut|Scotland}}`{=mediawiki}
- Henry Melville Napier, capped for Glasgow District while with the university, later capped internationally for `{{nrut|Scotland}}`{=mediawiki} in 1877-79 when at West of Scotland. Became a noted shipbuilder and founder of Napier and Miller
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# Stuart Hughes (politician)
**Stuart Hughes** is an English politician who has represented voters at all three levels of local government in Devon, in the West of England. He represents Sidmouth Sidford as a councillor on East Devon District Council and is also a Sidmouth town councillor. He was the councillor for Sidmouth on Devon County Council until the 2025 Devon County Council election, and was also the Cabinet member for Highways Management.
After twice standing unsuccessfully for the House of Commons as a Raving Loony, he was elected at the district and county level in Devon in 1991 and 1993 for the Raving Loony Green Giant Party, becoming the party\'s first successful candidate at a contested election of any kind. However, he defected to the Conservatives in 1997 and was subsequently reelected in 2001, 2005, 2009, 2013, 2017, and 2021.
## Career
Hughes became a disc jockey in 1969. In the 1980s, he was a hotelier also an active member of the Official Monster Raving Loony Party. At the European Parliament election, 1989, Hughes stood for the Official Monster Raving Loony Party in the Devon constituency of the European Parliament, gaining 2,241 votes, less than 1% of the votes cast.
In 1989, he and others formed the breakaway Raving Loony Green Giant Party (RLGGP), mainly due to personality clashes with their local party leader, Howling Laud Hope.
He stood for parliament at the Mid Staffordshire by-election of 22 March 1990 and the Ribble Valley by-election of 7 March 1991, using the party labels \"Raving Loony Green Giant Supercalafragalistic Party\" and \"Raving Loony Green Giant Clitheroe Kid\" respectively. In Mid Staffordshire, he gained 59 votes, but improved on this in Ribble Valley to score 60.
In May 1991, Hughes was elected under the Raving Loony Green Giant Party banner to East Devon District Council and Sidmouth Town Council in the Sidmouth Woolbrook ward, after changing his name to \'Stuart Basil Fawlty Hughes\', becoming the first \"Raving Loony\" candidate to win a contested election. He formed an alliance of Independents and a sole Green Party councillor which was known as \"The Coastals\", because of the seaside seats they held. In 1993, Hughes was elected as an Independent to Devon County Council, representing the Sidmouth Rural county division.
Hughes joined the Conservatives in March 1997. This was just in time to stand as a Conservative candidate at the 1997 local elections, when he was re-elected to Devon County Council. He was re-elected again at the 2001, 2005, and 2009 elections.
A supporter of the Sidmouth Folk Week, during the early 2000s Hughes was still organising local live musical events, staging bands such as The Strawbs and The Wurzels. Some forty years on from his debut as a disc jockey, he is still operating the \'Stuart Hughes Disco Show\', using a Remote Control Frequencies sound system, a light show with LED technology and laser.
In Devon County Council, Hughes was the Cabinet member for Highways Management until 2025, and he remains a member of East Devon District Council, where he served as the Cabinet portfolio holder for Communications from 2003 to 2011. He previously served as Chairman of the county\'s Environment Economy and Culture Overview Scrutiny Committee.
Hughes is also a member of the South West Regional Flood & Coastal Committee, President of Sidmouth Town Football Club, Chairman of PATROL Parking & Traffic Regulations Outside London & a member of LGA Public Transport Consortium \"Climate change poses the greatest threat to Sidmouth\", and his political priorities include a coastal protection scheme, the creation of employment in the Sid Valley, maximising the potential of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, and pedestrianisation.
At the 2009 Devon County Council election, Hughes won 3,553 votes, being 70.7 per cent of the votes cast, and had a majority of 2,428 over the Liberal Democrat runner-up.
At the 2013 Devon County Council election, Hughes won with 1,923 votes, being 47.2% of the total. The runner-up was Lawrie Brownlee of UKIP, who received 1,505 votes or 36.9% of the total.
Hughes again won reelection in 2017. He received 2,390 votes, being 47.3%. He beat his closest opponent, Marianne P Rixson of the East Devon Alliance by 481 votes. Rixson received 1,909 votes, or 37.7%.
In 2021, the East Devon Alliance was once again the principal opposition. Hughes received 2,601 votes, or 49.4%. Louise McAllister, the East Devon Alliance candidate, received 2,431 and 46.2%.
At the 2025 Devon County Council election, Hughes lost his seat to Denise Bickley of the Liberal Democrats
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# Harry Wahl
**Harry August Wahl** (17 July 1869 -- 31 July 1940) was a Finnish businessman, violin collector, and sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat Nina, which won the silver medal in the 10 metre class.
Harry Wahl was the grandson of Vyborg-based industrialist Paul von Wahl (1797--1872). The Wahl family had made its fortune by various businesses, many of which were connected to the construction of the Saimaa Canal around the 1850s.
## Collector of string instruments {#collector_of_string_instruments}
In the 1930s, Harry Wahl owned one of the most significant collections of violins and other string instruments in Europe, including several made by Antonio Stradivari (seven violins), Guarneri (six violins) and Amati (five violins). When the Russians bombed Vyborg in 1940, violinist Onni Suhonen was worried about the violin collection which was stored in Wahl\'s empty Vyborg home.
Only two outsiders, Onni Suhonen and Yrjö Suomalainen, both well known Finnish violinists, had keys and access to Harry Wahl\'s home safe in Vyborg. Mr Suhonen knew thoroughly Wahl\'s instrument collection being a frequent visitor to Wahl\'s home where Suhonen used to play the valuable violins.
As the Russian army was heavily bombing Vyborg, Onni Suhonen managed to get a vehicle from the Finnish army to which he loaded violins to be transported to safety from the war zone. Thus the Wahl family secured altogether 32 of the best instruments in their possession while the rest were left with the Russians.
Mr Suhonen was given one or two violins from the collection as a reward for the rather dangerous rescue operation. It was publicly known he had one Amati. But some people close to him claim Mr Suhonen also had a precious early 17th century Guarneri (built 1619, according to one violin student of Mr Suhonen). This may well be true as financial wealth was heavily taxed in Finland during post war years.
After World War II Onni Suhonen told his students in Helsinki that he had to leave behind him between 40 and 60 instruments in Wahl\'s house because the car he used for evacuation of the instruments was only a normal less spacious sedan.
He said he took with him well over twenty violins and four cellos. Mr Suhonen later became professor at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki.
Harry Wahl died the same year 1940, and most of his wealth, real estate in the Vyborg area, had to be left behind as his family evacuated to Finland. There, they had to sell the instruments at low prices to start new lives, and the collection was spread around the world. One of the violins, a 1702 Stradivarius called *the Irish*, was auctioned in Japan in 1986 and purchased by the Finnish Pohjola Bank Art Foundation, and is now the only violin in Harry Wahl's original collection located in Finland
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# Mareuil-lès-Meaux
**Mareuil-lès-Meaux** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁœj lɛ mo|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mareuil-lès-Meaux.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Mareuil near Meaux*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Population
Inhabitants are called *Mareuillois* in French
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# Nacanieli Seru
{{ infobox Rugby biography \| image = \|image_size= \| caption = \| birthname= \| birth_date = `{{birth date and age|df=yes|1969|7|20}}`{=mediawiki} \| birth_place = \| height = `{{height|m=1.78}}`{=mediawiki} \| weight =115 kg \| ru_position = Prop \| amatyears1 = \| amatteam1 =QVSOB Rugby Club, Lomaiviti Rugby Club. \| years1 = \| clubs1 = \| apps1 = \| points1 = \| repyears1 = 2003 \| repteam1 = `{{nrut|Fiji}}`{=mediawiki} \| repcaps1 = 6 \| reppoints1 =0 }} **Nacanieli Seru** (born 20 July 1969 in Gau) is a Fijian rugby union footballer. He plays as a prop.
He is 1.78m tall and weighs 115 kg. He made his international debut on the tour to Australia in June 2003. A long-time member of the Suva squad, Naca won the selectors over with his aggressive front-row efforts at the trials that May. He got his first taste of action in Fiji\'s opening match of 2003 -- a narrow one-point loss to the ACT Brumbies in Canberra, and later he made his Test debut coming on as a replacement against Argentina.
Seru also played rugby league in Australia before featuring for the Fiji Bati side from 1994 - 1996. He played for the Fiji National Rugby League side against Australia during the Super League war.
He also played rugby union in Melbourne, Australia for the Powerhouse Rugby Club and Morrabin Rugby Club. He was also a member of the Victoria State side from 1997 - 1998. He was a member of the Fiji team to the 2003 Rugby World Cup
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# Marles-en-Brie
**Marles-en-Brie** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁl ɑ̃ bʁi|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Marles-en-Brie.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Marles in Brie*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Marlois*
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| 0 |
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# Paul Hudson (footballer)
**Paul Hudson** (born 20 July 1970) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Hawthorn, the Western Bulldogs and Richmond in the Australian Football League (AFL). He currently serves as a development coach with St Kilda and as the senior coach of Victorian Football League club Sandringham. Paul Hudson is also currently the Yarra Valley Grammar head coach in the AGSV competition.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
In 1990, Hudson followed in the footsteps of his father Peter Hudson and joined Hawthorn, where played until the end of the 1996 season. A half forward, he kicked 264 goals in his seven seasons at the club, averaging nearly 38 goals a year. In 1991, in just his second year of AFL football, he finished fifth in the Brownlow Medal and kicked two goals in Hawthorn\'s grand final victory. In the 1992 pre-season competition, he won the first-ever Michael Tuck Medal for his performance in the grand final. He was traded to the Western Bulldogs for the 1997 season and earned All-Australian selection in 1998. He was on-traded to Richmond at the end of 2001 and only managed three games before retiring in 2002.
## Statistics
:
\|- \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 1990 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 33 \| 7 \|\| 1 \|\| 6 \|\| 51 \|\| 33 \|\| 84 \|\| 24 \|\| 3 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 7.3 \|\| 4.7 \|\| 12.0 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 0.4 \|\| 2 \|- \| scope=\"row\" bgcolor=F0E68C \| **1991^\#^** \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 33 \| 25 \|\| 62 \|\| 49 \|\| 343 \|\| 184 \|\| 527 \|\| 137 \|\| 34 \|\| 2.5 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 13.7 \|\| 7.4 \|\| 21.1 \|\| 5.5 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 17 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 1992 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 20 \|\| 39 \|\| 39 \|\| 194 \|\| 92 \|\| 286 \|\| 86 \|\| 24 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 9.7 \|\| 4.6 \|\| 14.3 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 2 \|- \| scope=\"row\" \| 1993 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 21 \|\| 51 \|\| 39 \|\| 240 \|\| 79 \|\| 319 \|\| 110 \|\| 22 \|\| 2.4 \|\| 1.9 \|\| 11.4 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 15.2 \|\| 5.2 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 3 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 1994 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 23 \|\| 47 \|\| 36 \|\| 213 \|\| 86 \|\| 299 \|\| 101 \|\| 30 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 1.6 \|\| 9.3 \|\| 3.7 \|\| 13.0 \|\| 4.4 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 1 \|- \| scope=\"row\" \| 1995 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 21 \|\| 42 \|\| 34 \|\| 185 \|\| 69 \|\| 254 \|\| 79 \|\| 14 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 1.6 \|\| 8.8 \|\| 3.3 \|\| 12.1 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 0 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 1996 \|\| `{{AFL Haw}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 17 \|\| 22 \|\| 26 \|\| 113 \|\| 47 \|\| 160 \|\| 52 \|\| 15 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 6.6 \|\| 2.8 \|\| 9.4 \|\| 3.1 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 0 \|- \| scope=\"row\" \| 1997 \|\| `{{AFL WB}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 9 \| 20 \|\| 27 \|\| 25 \|\| 154 \|\| 78 \|\| 232 \|\| 75 \|\| 15 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 7.7 \|\| 3.9 \|\| 11.6 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 1998 \|\| `{{AFL WB}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 9 \| 23 \|\| 61 \|\| 27 \|\| 226 \|\| 105 \|\| 331 \|\| 101 \|\| 32 \|\| 2.7 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 9.8 \|\| 4.6 \|\| 14.4 \|\| 4.4 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 0 \|- \| scope=\"row\" \| 1999 \|\| `{{AFL WB}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 9 \| 22 \|\| 51 \|\| 26 \|\| 169 \|\| 72 \|\| 241 \|\| 90 \|\| 23 \|\| 2.3 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 7.7 \|\| 3.3 \|\| 11.0 \|\| 4.1 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 1 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 2000 \|\| `{{AFL WB}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 9 \| 21 \|\| 37 \|\| 26 \|\| 160 \|\| 71 \|\| 231 \|\| 91 \|\| 20 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 7.6 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 11.0 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0 \|- \| scope=\"row\" \| 2001 \|\| `{{AFL WB}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 9 \| 22 \|\| 38 \|\| 29 \|\| 128 \|\| 65 \|\| 193 \|\| 80 \|\| 15 \|\| 1.7 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 5.8 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 8.8 \|\| 3.6 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 3 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" \| scope=\"row\" \| 2002 \|\| `{{AFL Ric}}`{=mediawiki} \|\| 17 \| 3 \|\| 1 \|\| 2 \|\| 12 \|\| 6 \|\| 18 \|\| 8 \|\| 3 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 6.0 \|\| 2.7 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0 \|- class=\"sortbottom\" ! colspan=3\| Career !! 245 !! 479 !! 364 !! 2188 !! 987 !! 3175 !! 1034 !! 250 !! 2.0 !! 1.5 !! 8.9 !! 4.0 !! 13.0 !! 4.2 !! 1.0 !! 29 \|}
## Honours and achievements {#honours_and_achievements}
**Team**
- **AFL premiership player:** 1991
**Individual**
- **All-Australian team:** 1998
- **Western Bulldogs leading goalkicker:** 1998, 1999
| 822 |
Paul Hudson (footballer)
| 0 |
11,036,139 |
# Paul Hudson (footballer)
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
Hudson worked as an assistant coach with both the Brisbane Lions and Collingwood. He was later a development manager for the St Kilda Football Club through the Saints\' association with Sandringham as its VFL senior coach. His father was football manager at St Kilda under the Ken Sheldon coaching reign from 1990 until 1993
| 62 |
Paul Hudson (footballer)
| 1 |
11,036,151 |
# Marolles-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne
**Marolles-en-Brie** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁɔl ɑ̃ bʁi|-|Fr-Paris--Marolles-en-Brie.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Marolles in Brie*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Marollais*
| 31 |
Marolles-en-Brie, Seine-et-Marne
| 0 |
11,036,152 |
# Tvøst og spik
***Tvøst og spik*** (also called *Grind og spik*) is a typical dish of the Faroe Islands, a self-governing country of Denmark in the North Atlantic. *Tvøst og spik* consists of pilot whale meat, blubber and potatoes.
The meat is prepared in different ways; it can be boiled or fried fresh, it can be stored in either dry salt (*turrsaltað*) or in very salty brine (*lakasaltað*), it can be frozen and later prepared, or it can be hung up outdoors to dry, then cut in long slices (*grindalikkja*) and hung under a roof away from the rain.
The blubber can also be prepared in different ways, boiled, salted or dried, but not fried. Dried blubber can also be eaten together with dried fish, as shown on the photo. The meat is very dark, almost black.
The tradition of eating whale meat and blubber dates back many centuries, being first mentioned directly in the Faroese part of the Norwegian Gulating-law dating back to 1298. Given the isolation of the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic, food supplies from other countries were traditionally sparse, forcing the islanders to manage with whatever nature had to offer.
Faroese culinary traditions thus evolved to make heavy use of animal products from households, such sheep, cows, geese, chicken and ducks, and maritime produce, from all kinds of fish and sea birds to, from time to time, whale meat and blubber
| 237 |
Tvøst og spik
| 0 |
11,036,153 |
# Christian Staib
**Christian Fredrik Maximilian \"Fritz\" Staib** (February 10, 1892 -- May 16, 1956) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Norwegian boat *Magda IX*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class
| 47 |
Christian Staib
| 0 |
11,036,160 |
# Marolles-sur-Seine
**Marolles-sur-Seine** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁɔl syʁ sɛn|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Marolles-sur-Seine.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Marolles on Seine*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Marollais*
| 31 |
Marolles-sur-Seine
| 0 |
11,036,176 |
# Jeet Gannguli
**Jeet Gannguli** ( `{{IPA|bn|dʒit ɡaŋɡuli|pron}}`{=mediawiki}, born **Chandrajeet Ganguly**, on 24 May 1977), is an Indian playback singer and composer who works in Hindi and Bengali cinema.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Born in a Kulin Bengali Brahmin family, Gannguli was initiated into the world of music at the age of three. He was a student of Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School from where he completed his schooling. Later he graduated from the University of Calcutta. He is trained in Indian classical music under the guidance of his father Kali Ganguly and his pisima (father\'s sister) Shibani Roychowdhury. He studied western classical music, jazz and rock with jazz guitarist Carlton Kitto.
## Career
Gannguli got his first break when Sanjay Gadhvi was signed on to direct *Tere Liye* and he, in turn, signed on his friends Jeet Gannguli and Pritam as music composers. In 2002 Yash Raj Films signed Gadhvi up to direct *Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai*, for which the Gannguli-Pritam duo composed the music. But due to some misunderstanding, soon after the film, Gannguli decided to split and the partners went their separate ways.
He then started scoring music for Hindi and Bengali films, TV serials and Jingles.
He has composed several songs for several Hindi movies like *Khamoshiyan*, *Aashiqui 2*, *Hamari Adhuri Kahani*, *Rustom*, *Raaz Reboot*, etc. which became hits.
Gannguli has also composed several songs for Bengali films like *Shubhodrishti*, *Chirodini Tumi Je Amar*, *Mon Mane Na*, *Challenge*, *Dui Prithibi*, *Paglu*, *Awara*, *Paglu 2*, *Challenge 2*, *Boss: Born to Rule*, *Rangbaaz*, *Chirodini Tumi Je Amar*, *Boss 2: Back To Rule*, *Tonic*.
## Discography
### Select discography {#select_discography}
- \"Suno Na Sangemarmar\" from *Youngistaan*
- \"Teri Khushboo\" from *Mr
| 286 |
Jeet Gannguli
| 0 |
11,036,184 |
# Cassie Scerbo
**Cassandra Lynn Scerbo** is an American actress, singer and dancer. She was one of the members of the all-girl pop band Slumber Party Girls in the CBS children\'s music variety series *Dance Revolution*. In acting, she starred as Brooke in the film *Bring It On: In It to Win It* (2007), as Lauren Tanner in the ABC Family comedy-drama series *Make It or Break It* (2009--2012), and as Nova Clarke in the *Sharknado* film series alongside Ian Ziering and Tara Reid (2013--2018).
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Scerbo was born on Long Island, New York. She is of full Italian ancestry. Scerbo was raised in Parkland, Florida and played soccer for the Parkland Soccer Club. She lived in Florida from the time she was in kindergarten until she was cast in *Make It or Break It*. She attended Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland. In 2006, Scerbo successfully auditioned for the music girl group Slumber Party Girls. Scerbo was chosen as one of the five members out of over 1,000 fellow applicants. In September 2006, the group hosted the children\'s music variety series *Dance Revolution* which promoted nutrition and fitness to children. Slumber Party Girls\' original songs were dominantly featured through the series run. The group\'s debut album *Dance Revolution* was released but failed to chart. The series was not renewed for a second season. In mid-2007, as the group began working on their second record the group was confirmed to have split. That same year, Scerbo signed a solo-recording contract with Geffen Records. Her three original songs \"Betcha Don\'t Know\", \"Sugar and Spice\" and \"Top Of The World\" were all released on iTunes in 2008.
In 2007, Universal Pictures has green-lit a planned fourth installment of the *Bring It On* film series with Scerbo confirmed to star. She portrayed the role of Brooke the team captain of the East Coast Jets Cheerleading squad who have won three years in a row at Camp Spirit-Thunder. It was released direct-to-DVD on December 18, 2007 to generally negative reviews from critics. That same year, Scerbo appeared in the Disney Channel television pilot *Arwin!*. The pilot was filmed in late-2006 but was not picked up by Disney Channel.
In September 2008, Scerbo starred in the direct-to-DVD comedy film *Soccer Mom* alongside Missi Pyle and Emily Osment. In June 2009, Scerbo was cast in the ABC Family teen comedy-drama series *Make It or Break It* which premiered to 2.5 million viewers. Scerbo portrayed the role of a skilled gymnast named Lauren Tanner who aspires to make it to the Olympic Games. Due to the series success ABC Family ordered an additional 10-episodes bringing the first season episode count to 20 episodes. In January 2012, ABC Family renewed the series for a third and final season. The series finale \"United Stakes\" aired in May 2012. In April 2010, Scerbo also appeared with her *Make It or Break It* castmate Chelsea Hobbs in an episode of *CSI: Miami* entitled \"Spring Breakdown\". The episode aired on April 12, 2010.
In 2011, Scerbo starred in the ABC Family original film *Teen Spirit*. Scerbo portrayed the role of the Queen Bee of high school who is electrified to death and is not allowed to enter Heaven unless she helps the school\'s most unpopular girl become prom queen. Filming took place in Wilmington, North Carolina. The film premiered on August 7, 2011 on ABC Family.
In August 2012, Scerbo announced that she is the godmother to Tiffany Thornton\'s son.
In 2013, Scerbo starred in the Syfy original film *Sharknado* as bartender Nova Clarke; she reprised her role in the third installment *Sharknado 3: Oh Hell No!* in 2015, *Sharknado 5: Global Swarming* in 2017, and the final installment *The Last Sharknado: It\'s About Time* in 2018, in which her character has become a hardened sharknado fighter
| 640 |
Cassie Scerbo
| 0 |
11,036,186 |
# Mary-sur-Marne
**Mary-sur-Marne** (`{{IPA|fr|maʁi syʁ maʁn|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mary-sur-Marne.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Marysiens*
| 27 |
Mary-sur-Marne
| 0 |
11,036,188 |
# Max Alfthan
**Max Ferdinand Alfthan** (February 11, 1892 -- May 30, 1960) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 metre class
| 44 |
Max Alfthan
| 0 |
11,036,200 |
# Todd Viney
**Todd Viney** (born 30 March 1966) is an Australian rules football executive and former player and coach. He is currently the General Manager of Football of the North Melbourne Football Club. Viney played 13 seasons with `{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} in the VFL/AFL, and he later served as their caretaker senior coach for the final five games of the 2011 season.
## Early life {#early_life}
As a youngster, Viney was a talented tennis player and held an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder from 1983 to 1984. In July 1984, he was ranked 735 on the ATP rankings. At 18, however, he decided to switch and pursue a footballing career.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
### Melbourne Football Club {#melbourne_football_club}
A Sturt recruit, Viney was mostly a wingman and on-baller for Melbourne Football Club.
After nine seasons with the Demons, he decided to retire from football in order to become the fitness coach and hitting partner of the young tennis star Mark Philippoussis. However, Todd\'s standing with Mark\'s father/manager/coach Nick Philippoussis was very strained (as many people had warned him), and he soon resumed his football career with the Demons, midway through the 1996 season.
Viney captained the Demons in 1998 and 1999. In 1998, Viney earned All-Australian selection finished equal fifth in the 1998 Brownlow Medal. He also twice won the Keith \'Bluey\' Truscott Trophy as Melbourne\'s best and fairest.
Viney announced his retirement before the end of the 1999 season due to nerve and hamstring related injuries. He is named in Melbourne's Team of the Century, and is a member of the Club's Hall of Fame.
Viney\'s brother Jay also played with Melbourne from 1988 to 1991.
| 279 |
Todd Viney
| 0 |
11,036,200 |
# Todd Viney
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
### Melbourne Football Club {#melbourne_football_club_1}
In 2000, he joined the Melbourne Football Club coaching panel as an assistant coach in the role of midfield coach under senior coach Neale Daniher. Viney was also part of the coaching panel in the club\'s 2000 Grand Final Loss. Viney didn\'t continue in the role for the 2001 season.
### Moama Football Club {#moama_football_club}
Viney then moved to Echuca coaching country club Moama in 2003 and 2004.
### Hawthorn Football Club {#hawthorn_football_club}
Former teammate and Hawthorn Football Club senior coach Alastair Clarkson recruited Viney as an assistant coach at Hawthorn from 2005 to the end of 2008, including their 2008 premiership victory.
### Adelaide Crows {#adelaide_crows}
Viney then moved to the Adelaide Crows as an assistant coach from 2009 to 2010. Viney resigned from his role as the assistant coach of Adelaide Crows at the conclusion of the 2010 season.
### Return to Melbourne Football Club {#return_to_melbourne_football_club}
In October 2010, Viney signed with `{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} to be in charge of Melbourne\'s player development program. With Viney\'s move back to the Demons, Adelaide conceded Viney\'s talented son, Jack, to the Demons, under the father--son rule.
After Dean Bailey was sacked as senior coach in the middle of the 2011 season, the Melbourne Football Club announced that Viney would be caretaker senior coach for the remainder of the 2011 season. Melbourne under Viney, won one game and lost four games of the remaining five games left in the 2011 season, to finish in thirteenth place on the ladder. At the end of the 2011 season, Viney chose not to re-apply for the senior coaching job and was replaced by Mark Neeld as senior coach of Melbourne Football Club. Viney however remained with the club as the General Manager of Player Personnel.
Viney left the Melbourne Football Club at the end of the 2019 season.
### North Melbourne Football Club {#north_melbourne_football_club}
After three years away from the AFL, Viney was appointed General Manager of Football at `{{AFL NM}}`{=mediawiki} on 25 August 2022, to work alongside newly hired senior coach Alistair Clarkson.
| 351 |
Todd Viney
| 1 |
11,036,200 |
# Todd Viney
## Statistics
### Playing statistics {#playing_statistics}
:
\|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1987 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 16 \|\| 9 \|\| 11 \|\| 180 \|\| 79 \|\| 259 \|\| 58 \|\| 44 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 11.3 \|\| 4.9 \|\| 16.2 \|\| 3.6 \|\| 2.8 \|\| 3 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1988 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 12 \|\| 1 \|\| 7 \|\| 65 \|\| 41 \|\| 106 \|\| 21 \|\| 16 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 5.4 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 8.8 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 0 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1989 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 9 \|\| 6 \|\| 4 \|\| 90 \|\| 49 \|\| 139 \|\| 39 \|\| 11 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 0.4 \|\| 10.0 \|\| 5.4 \|\| 15.4 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 0 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1990 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 15 \|\| 12 \|\| 13 \|\| 190 \|\| 74 \|\| 264 \|\| 51 \|\| 21 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 12.7 \|\| 4.9 \|\| 17.6 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 1.4 \|\| 1 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1991 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 24 \|\| 13 \|\| 15 \|\| 412 \|\| 182 \|\| 594 \|\| 103 \|\| 36 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.6 \|\| 17.2 \|\| 7.6 \|\| 24.8 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 7 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1992 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 22 \|\| 7 \|\| 4 \|\| 234 \|\| 162 \|\| 396 \|\| 76 \|\| 40 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 10.6 \|\| 7.4 \|\| 18.0 \|\| 3.5 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 1 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1993 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 20 \|\| 6 \|\| 5 \|\| 238 \|\| 228 \|\| 466 \|\| 67 \|\| 38 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 11.9 \|\| 11.4 \|\| 23.3 \|\| 3.4 \|\| 1.9 \|\| 2 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1994 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 25 \|\| 3 \|\| 1 \|\| 258 \|\| 288 \|\| 546 \|\| 74 \|\| 59 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 11.5 \|\| 21.8 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 2.4 \|\| 2 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1995 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 17 \|\| 4 \|\| 4 \|\| 179 \|\| 175 \|\| 354 \|\| 56 \|\| 35 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 10.5 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 20.8 \|\| 3.3 \|\| 2.1 \|\| 3 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1996 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 12 \|\| 1 \|\| 8 \|\| 123 \|\| 127 \|\| 250 \|\| 44 \|\| 21 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 10.6 \|\| 20.8 \|\| 3.7 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 2 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1997 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 22 \|\| 7 \|\| 2 \|\| 261 \|\| 235 \|\| 496 \|\| 61 \|\| 60 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 11.9 \|\| 10.7 \|\| 22.5 \|\| 2.8 \|\| 2.7 \|\| 9 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1998 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 22 \|\| 15 \|\| 9 \|\| 281 \|\| 199 \|\| 480 \|\| 94 \|\| 43 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 0.4 \|\| 12.8 \|\| 9.0 \|\| 21.8 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 20 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1999 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 12 \|\| 17 \|\| 8 \|\| 12 \|\| 176 \|\| 110 \|\| 286 \|\| 52 \|\| 26 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 10.4 \|\| 6.5 \|\| 16.8 \|\| 3.1 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 5 \|- class=\"sortbottom\" ! colspan=3\| Career ! 233 ! 92 ! 95 ! 2687 ! 1949 ! 4636 ! 796 ! 450 ! 0.4 ! 0.4 ! 11.5 ! 8.4 ! 19.9 ! 3.4 ! 1.9 ! 55 \|}
### Coaching statistics {#coaching_statistics}
:
\|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center; font-weight:normal\" \| 2011\* \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Mel}}`{=mediawiki} \| 5 \|\| 1 \|\| 4 \|\| 0 \|\| 20.0% \|\| 13 \|\| 17 \|- class=\"sortbottom\" ! colspan=2\| Career totals ! 5 ! 1 ! 4 ! 0 ! 20.0% ! colspan=2\| \|} *\* = Caretaker coach*
## Honours and achievements {#honours_and_achievements}
- **Individual**
- **Keith \'Bluey\' Truscott Medal**: 1993, 1998
- **Melbourne F.C. Captain**: 1998-1999
- **All-Australian**: 1998
- **Melbourne F.C. Team of the Century**
- **AFL Rising Star Nominee**: 1993 (Round 6)
- **Melbourne F.C
| 687 |
Todd Viney
| 2 |
11,036,208 |
# Lady Mayoress
**Lady mayoress** is an official female companion to the lord mayor of a major city in the United Kingdom or Republic of Ireland, or a capital city of an Australian state. Traditionally this was the wife of a male mayor.
It is not an elected office. Lady is used here as a title of respect. The lady mayoress accompanies the lord mayor to many events and in the past may also carry out engagements on her own.
As an example, the Leeds Children\'s Charity states that \"it has been the right of every new lady mayoress to become the president of the charity\".
## Variations
The lady mayoress was traditionally the wife of a male lord mayor. In a post-patriarchal society, a female mayor can choose any lady mayoress. Some mayors have chosen their daughter, mother, or another female relative.
A male companion for a female mayor may be given the title of lord mayor\'s consort.
When Jessie Beatrice Kitson was the first female lord mayor of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England in 1942--1943, she chose her friend Elinor Gertrude Lupton as her lady mayoress.
When Bernard Atha was lord mayor of Leeds in 2000--2001, he selected 18 \"high-profile, well-known Yorkshire women\" to act in turn as his lady mayoress.
## Australia
As a colonial outpost, as in the United Kingdom, the lady mayoress of an Australian capital city is generally the wife of an elected lord mayor. A lady mayoress acts as a hostess for the city at official functions and sometimes acts as Chair of social and charitable committees.
Where a woman is elected to the office of lord mayor, there is usually no lady mayoress. Although, during part of the time in office as lord mayor of Brisbane of Sallyanne Atkinson, her mother served as lady mayoress. Atkinson\'s husband had served for a time as the president of the City of Brisbane Benefit Fund, a social and charitable organisation associated with the Brisbane City Council
| 330 |
Lady Mayoress
| 0 |
11,036,222 |
# Pekka Hartvall
**Knut Erik \"Pekka\" Hartvall** (18 February 1875 -- 18 February 1939) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 metre class
| 45 |
Pekka Hartvall
| 0 |
11,036,249 |
# Sigurd Juslén
**Sigurd Ludvig Juslén** (November 25, 1885 -- April 4, 1954) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 metre class
| 44 |
Sigurd Juslén
| 0 |
11,036,258 |
# FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013
The **FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013** took place between 20 February and 3 March 2013 in Val di Fiemme, Italy, for the third time, the event having been hosted there previously in 1991 and 2003.
## Host selection {#host_selection}
The 2013 championships had a submission deadline of 1 May 2007 to the International Ski Federation (FIS). The facility was chosen at the International Ski Congress in Cape Town, South Africa, on 29 May 2008. Five cities submitted bids for this event. This bid questionnaire used for the upcoming Nordic skiing championships was also used for the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2013.
City Country Previous championships hosted FIS delegation visit
--------------- --------- ------------------------------------ -----------------------
Falun 1954, 1974, 1993 18--19 September 2007
Lahti 1926, 1938, 1958, 1978, 1989, 2001 17--18 September 2007
Oberstdorf 1987, 2005 20--21 August 2007
Val di Fiemme 1991, 2003 27--28 August 2007
Zakopane 1929, 1939, 1962 22--23 August 2007
The finalist cities\' deadline for the application was 15 August 2007. From 20 August to 19 September 2007, the FIS Inspection group, led by Secretary-General Sarah Lewis, visited each candidate city for the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013. The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2013 (Cortina d\'Ampezzo (Italy), Schladming (Austria), St. Moritz (Switzerland), and Vail/Beaver Creek, Colorado (United States)) (The deadline for the alpine skiing championships was 31 August 2007) were visited in late 2007. This task force consisted of FIS officials and representatives of the European Broadcasting Union to review the proposed event and act as an advisory body on the feasibility of the implementation. A final report was presented to the FIS Council, FIS Technical Committee, and National Ski Associations in April 2008.
On 12--13 October 2007, delegates for the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (five total), FIS Alpine World Ski Championships (four total), FIS Ski-Flying World Championships (two total), and FIS Freestyle World Championships (two total) met in Cape Town to review the rules regarding the promotional activities during the Congress. The decision took place in Cape Town with the 17-member FIS Council in May 2008.
The finalist candidates were posted in the 14 May 2008 FIS Newsflash in an effort to show their candidacy prior to the 29 May 2008 selection.
The winner was announced to be Val di Fiemme on the third ballot of exhaustive voting, who will host their third championships.
**Voting results**
City First vote Second vote Final vote
--------------- ------------ ------------- ------------
Val di Fiemme 6 7 8
Falun 4 5 5
Zakopane 3 3 2
Lahti 2 1 Out
Oberstdorf 1 Out Out
The four cities that lost the bid for the 2013 championships submitted their bids for the 2015 championships on 1 May 2009.
| 455 |
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013
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# FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013
## Coordination group {#coordination_group}
### 2008
The coordination group for the event first took place on 24 September 2008. Local organization has already taken place given the area has hosted numerous World Cup events in cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping, along with the Tour de Ski competitions. The focus in 2008 was to develop activities for festivals leading up to and at the championships. A young team called \"Vision 2013\" will work with the tourism association in the Trentino to develop destination packages with the championships.
### 2009 {#section_1}
The organizing committee for the 2009 championships in Liberec met in Oslo with the organizing committee of the 2011 championships on 20 April 2009 to discuss lessons learned. In the presentation was a comprehensive and frank analysis of the critical areas of Liberec\'s organization. Key success factors were detailed and lessons learned were elaborated, including several recommendations to both the 2011 championships and the organizing committee for the 2013 championships. Besides the 2009, 2011, and 2013 organizing committees in attendance, other attendees included the Norwegian Ski Federation, the European Broadcasting Union television, FIS, and the APF marketing partners. A second organizing committee meeting took place in Val di Fiemme on 3 June 2009 headed by Piero De Godenz and Angelo Corradini. In discussion was great strides in facility upgrades in time for the 2012 test events, along with legacy usage after the championships. Also included were marketing campaigns with EBU and with support from the local area. At a meeting in Cavalese on 26 October 2009, the organizing committee presented a detailed chart where each person listed had specific responsibilities. Most of coordinating group members also participated in the 1991 and 2003 championships. In January 2010, the city hosted the last two stages in the 2009--10 Tour de Ski, the 100th FIS World Cup staged by the Coordinating Group. Marketing and communications presented the event\'s mission and vision while the technical side involved sport structure, roads, and media broadcasting.
### 2010 {#section_2}
At a 12 May 2010 meeting held in Cavalese, main issues dealt with were event marketing and communications. Venue construction, most notably the Predazzo ski jump renovation, was also discussed. Host broadcaster RAI presented its proposed infrastructure for broadcasting the event, including the addition fibre-optic cable for coverage. FIS Secretary-General Sarah Lewis stated that 700 people, including many youth, had volunteered for the championships as of May 2010.
## Schedule
*All times are local.*
Cross-country
Date Time Event
------------- ------- -------------------------------
21 February 12:45 Men\'s & women\'s sprint
23 February 12:45 Women\'s 2x7.5 km skiathlon
14:15 Men\'s 2x15 km skiathlon
24 February 12:00 Men\'s & women\'s team sprint
26 February 12:45 Women\'s 10 km freestyle
27 February 12:45 Men\'s 15 km freestyle
28 February 12:45 Women\'s 4 x 5 km relay
1 March 13:30 Men\'s 4 x 10 km relay
2 March 12:15 Women\'s 30 km classic
3 March 12:30 Men\'s 50 km classic
Nordic combined
+-------------+--------+------------------------------+
| Date | Time | Event |
+=============+========+==============================+
| 22 February | 10:00\ | HS106 / 10 km |
| | 15:00 | |
+-------------+--------+------------------------------+
| 24 February | 10:00\ | Team HS106 / 4x5 km |
| | 15:00 | |
+-------------+--------+------------------------------+
| 28 February | 10:00\ | HS134 / 10 km |
| | 15:30 | |
+-------------+--------+------------------------------+
| 2 March | 10:00\ | Team sprint HS134 / 2x7.5 km |
| | 15:00 | |
+-------------+--------+------------------------------+
Ski jumping
Date Time Event
------------- ------- -------------------
22 February 16:00 Women\'s HS106
23 February 17:00 Men\'s HS106
24 February 17:00 Team mix HS106
28 February 17:00 Men\'s HS134
2 March 16:30 Men\'s team HS134
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# FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013
## Events
### Cross-country skiing {#cross_country_skiing}
#### Men\'s
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| 15 kilometre freestyle interval start\ | Petter Northug\ | 34:37.1 | Johan Olsson\ | 34:48.9 | Tord Asle Gjerdalen\ | 34:59.4 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's 15 kilometre freestyle}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{SWE}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| 30 kilometre pursuit\ | Dario Cologna\ | 1:13:09.3 | Martin Johnsrud Sundby\ | 1:13:11.1 | Sjur Røthe\ | 1:13:11.3 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's 30 kilometre pursuit}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{SUI}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| 50 kilometre classical mass start\ | Johan Olsson\ | 2:10:41.4 | Dario Cologna\ | 2:10:54.3 | Alexey Poltoranin\ | 2:10:58.2 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's 50 kilometre classical}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{SWE}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{SUI}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{KAZ}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| 4 × 10 kilometre relay\ | \ | 1:41:37.2 | \ | 1:41:38.4 | \ | 1:41:39.6 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's 4 × 10 kilometre relay}}`{=mediawiki} | Tord Asle Gjerdalen\ | | Daniel Richardsson\ | | Evgeniy Belov\ | |
| | Eldar Rønning\ | | Johan Olsson\ | | Maxim Vylegzhanin\ | |
| | Sjur Røthe\ | | Marcus Hellner\ | | Alexander Legkov\ | |
| | Petter Northug | | Calle Halfvarsson | | Sergey Ustiugov | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| Sprint\ | Nikita Kriukov\ | 3:30.4 | Petter Northug\ | 3:30.8 | Alex Harvey\ | 3:31.2 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's sprint}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{RUS}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{CAN}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
| Team sprint\ | \ | 21:30.98 | \ | 21:31.44 | \ | 21:31.71 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's team sprint}}`{=mediawiki} | Alexei Petukhov\ | | Marcus Hellner\ | | Nikolay Chebotko\ | |
| | Nikita Kriukov | | Emil Jönsson | | Alexey Poltoranin | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+
#### Women\'s
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| 10 kilometre freestyle interval start\ | Therese Johaug\ | 25:23.4 | Marit Bjørgen\ | 25:33.6 | Yuliya Chekaleva\ | 25:56.1 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's 10 kilometre freestyle}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{RUS}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| 15 kilometre pursuit\ | Marit Bjørgen\ | 39:04.4 | Therese Johaug\ | 39:07.8 | Heidi Weng\ | 39:19.3 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's 15 kilometre pursuit}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| 30 kilometre classical mass start\ | Marit Bjørgen\ | 1:27:19.9 | Justyna Kowalczyk\ | 1:27:23.6 | Therese Johaug\ | 1:27:28.6 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's 30 kilometre classical}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{POL}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| 4 × 5 kilometre relay\ | \ | 1:00:36.5 | \ | 1:01:02.7 | \ | 1:01:22.3 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's 4 × 5 kilometre relay}}`{=mediawiki} | Heidi Weng\ | | Ida Ingemarsdotter\ | | Julia Ivanova\ | |
| | Therese Johaug\ | | Emma Wikén\ | | Alia Iksanova\ | |
| | Kristin Størmer Steira\ | | Anna Haag\ | | Mariya Guschina\ | |
| | Marit Bjørgen | | Charlotte Kalla | | Yuliya Chekaleva | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| Sprint\ | Marit Bjørgen\ | 3:16.6 | Ida Ingemarsdotter\ | 3:18.9 | Maiken Caspersen Falla\ | 3:20.4 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's sprint}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{SWE}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
| Team sprint\ | \ | 20:24.44 | \ | 20:32.24 | \ | 20:35.59 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's team sprint}}`{=mediawiki} | Jessie Diggins\ | | Charlotte Kalla\ | | Riikka Sarasoja-Lilja\ | |
| | Kikkan Randall | | Ida Ingemarsdotter | | Krista Lahteenmäki | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------+-----------+-----------------------+-----------+-------------------------+-----------+
### Nordic combined {#nordic_combined}
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+
| Individual large hill/10 km\ | Eric Frenzel\ | 27:22.8 | Bernhard Gruber\ | 27:59.5 | Jason Lamy-Chappuis\ | 28:00.0 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Individual large hill/10 km}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{GER}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{AUT}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{FRA}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+
| Individual normal hill/10 km\ | Jason Lamy-Chappuis\ | 29:13.2 | Mario Stecher\ | 29:13.4 | Björn Kircheisen\ | 29:13.5 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Individual normal hill/10 km}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{FRA}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{AUT}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{GER}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+
| Team normal hill/4 × 5 km\ | \ | 57:34.0 | \ | 57:34.4 | \ | 57:38.2 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Team normal hill/4 × 5 km}}`{=mediawiki} | François Braud\ | | Jørgen Gråbak\ | | Taylor Fletcher\ | |
| | Maxime Laheurte\ | | Håvard Klemetsen\ | | Bryan Fletcher\ | |
| | Sébastien Lacroix\ | | Magnus Krog\ | | Todd Lodwick\ | |
| | Jason Lamy-Chappuis | | Magnus Moan | | Bill Demong | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+
| Team sprint large hill/2 × 7,5 km\ | \ | 35:37.9 | \ | 35:54.5 | \ | 36:21.8 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Team sprint large hill/2 × 7,5 km}}`{=mediawiki} | Sébastien Lacroix\ | | Wilhelm Denifl\ | | Tino Edelmann\ | |
| | Jason Lamy-Chappuis | | Bernhard Gruber | | Eric Frenzel | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+-----------------------+---------+
### Ski jumping {#ski_jumping}
#### Men\'s {#mens_1}
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------------------+--------+-----------------------+--------+
| Men\'s individual normal hill (HS106)\ | Anders Bardal\ | 252.6 | Gregor Schlierenzauer\ | 248.4 | Peter Prevc\ | 244.3 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Men's individual normal hill}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{AUT}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{SVN}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------------------+--------+-----------------------+--------+
| Men\'s individual large hill (HS134)\ | Kamil Stoch\ | 295.8 | Peter Prevc\ | 289.7 | Anders Jacobsen\ | 289.1 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Individual large hill}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{POL}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{SVN}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{NOR}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------------------+--------+-----------------------+--------+
| Men\'s team large hill (HS134)\ | \ | 1135.9 | \ | 1121.8 | \ | 1121.0 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Team large hill}}`{=mediawiki} | Wolfgang Loitzl\ | | Andreas Wank\ | | Maciej Kot\ | |
| | Manuel Fettner\ | | Severin Freund\ | | Piotr Żyła\ | |
| | Thomas Morgenstern\ | | Michael Neumayer\ | | Dawid Kubacki\ | |
| | Gregor Schlierenzauer | | Richard Freitag | | Kamil Stoch | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------------------+--------+-----------------------+--------+
#### Women\'s {#womens_1}
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------+-----------------------------+-------+
| Women\'s individual normal hill (HS106)\ | Sarah Hendrickson\ | 253.7 | Sara Takanashi\ | 251.0 | Jacqueline Seifriedsberger\ | 237.2 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Women's individual normal hill}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{USA}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{JPN}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{AUT}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-------+-----------------------+-------+-----------------------------+-------+
#### Mixed
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------------------+-------+
| Mixed team normal hill (HS106)\ | \ | 1011.0 | \ | 986.7 | \ | 984.9 |
| `{{DetailsLink|FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013 – Mixed team normal hill}}`{=mediawiki} | Yuki Ito\ | | Chiara Hölzl\ | | Ulrike Gräßler\ | |
| | Daiki Ito\ | | Thomas Morgenstern\ | | Richard Freitag\ | |
| | Sara Takanashi\ | | Jacqueline Seifriedsberger\ | | Carina Vogt\ | |
| | Taku Takeuchi | | Gregor Schlierenzauer | | Severin Freund | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------+--------+-----------------------------+-------+------------------+-------+
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# FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2013
## Medal table {#medal_table}
## Participating nations {#participating_nations}
700 athletes 56 countries are scheduled to compete, an increase of 6 from 2011. Togo is scheduled to make its debut appearance
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# Michael Sexton (footballer)
**Michael Sexton** (born 5 March 1971) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Carlton between 1990 and 2000 in the Australian Football League.
A defender, Sexton was a member of Carlton\'s 1995 premiership team and an All-Australian in both 1996 and 1997. He was recruited from the Sandhurst Dragons.
Sexton is the brother of Ben and the cousin of Damian, who both also played in the AFL.
Sexton is member of the AFL \"Laws of the Game\", aka the Rules Committee.
## Statistics
:
\|- \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1990 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 3 \|\| 1 \|\| 1 \|\| 13 \|\| 10 \|\| 23 \|\| 7 \|\| 4 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 3.3 \|\| 7.7 \|\| 2.3 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 0 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1991 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 13 \|\| 0 \|\| 2 \|\| 100 \|\| 34 \|\| 134 \|\| 33 \|\| 15 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 7.7 \|\| 2.6 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 2.5 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 0 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1992 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 19 \|\| 1 \|\| 1 \|\| 162 \|\| 69 \|\| 231 \|\| 70 \|\| 23 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 8.5 \|\| 3.6 \|\| 12.2 \|\| 3.7 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 0 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1993 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 23 \|\| 3 \|\| 5 \|\| 252 \|\| 111 \|\| 363 \|\| 129 \|\| 27 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 11.0 \|\| 4.8 \|\| 15.8 \|\| 5.6 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 4 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1994 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 24 \|\| 1 \|\| 4 \|\| 226 \|\| 117 \|\| 343 \|\| 93 \|\| 25 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 9.4 \|\| 4.9 \|\| 14.3 \|\| 3.9 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0 \|- \|style=\"text-align:center;background:#afe6ba;\"\|1995† \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 25 \|\| 3 \|\| 3 \|\| 271 \|\| 99 \|\| 370 \|\| 116 \|\| 23 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 10.8 \|\| 4.0 \|\| 14.8 \|\| 4.6 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 2 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1996 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 23 \|\| 2 \|\| 2 \|\| 268 \|\| 115 \|\| 383 \|\| 102 \|\| 24 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 11.6 \|\| 5.0 \|\| 16.6 \|\| 4.4 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 6 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1997 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 18 \|\| 4 \|\| 0 \|\| 236 \|\| 82 \|\| 318 \|\| 93 \|\| 13 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 13.1 \|\| 4.6 \|\| 17.7 \|\| 5.2 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 2 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1998 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 22 \|\| 3 \|\| 6 \|\| 267 \|\| 104 \|\| 371 \|\| 100 \|\| 20 \|\| 0.1 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 12.1 \|\| 4.7 \|\| 16.9 \|\| 4.5 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 0 \|- ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 1999 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 24 \|\| 5 \|\| 5 \|\| 248 \|\| 118 \|\| 366 \|\| 94 \|\| 22 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 4.9 \|\| 15.3 \|\| 3.9 \|\| 0.9 \|\| 2 \|- style=\"background-color: #EAEAEA\" ! scope=\"row\" style=\"text-align:center\" \| 2000 \|style=\"text-align:center;\"\|`{{AFL Car}}`{=mediawiki} \| 14 \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 1 \|\| 44 \|\| 23 \|\| 67 \|\| 17 \|\| 5 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 7.3 \|\| 3.8 \|\| 11.2 \|\| 2.8 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0 \|- class=\"sortbottom\" ! colspan=3\| Career ! 200 ! 23 ! 30 ! 2087 ! 882 ! 2969 ! 854 ! 201 ! 0.1 ! 0.2 ! 10.4 ! 4.4 ! 14.8 ! 4.3 ! 1
| 596 |
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# Lakeland Senior High School
**Lakeland Senior High School** (abbreviated as **LSHS**) is an independent public co-educational high day school, located in the `{{WAcity|Perth}}`{=mediawiki} suburb of South Lake, Western Australia.
## History
The school was established in 1990 and caters to students from Year 7 to Year 12.
Enrolment at the school has increased over the past years. The school had 659 students in 2007 prior to rezoning four primary schools to Atwell College. Enrolments were 618 in 2008, 591 in 2009, 478 in 2010, 405 in 2011, 450 in 2012, 480 in 2013, 523 in 2014, and 750 in 2015.
The school was given Independent Public School status by the Minister of Education, Liz Constable, in 2011.
## Catchment area {#catchment_area}
Lakeland\'s catchment area has been specified by the WA Department of Education to include all or parts of the suburbs of Beeliar, Bibra Lake, Jandakot, South Lake and Yangebup. Lakeland\'s feeder primary schools are Atwell, Beeliar, Bibra Lake, Jandakot, South Lake and Yangebup.
Its neighbour high schools are Leeming Senior High School to the north, Hamilton Senior High School to the northwest, Atwell College to the south, and Southern River College to the east
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# Ifereimi Rawaqa
**Ifereimi Rawaqa** (born September 20, 1980 in Vuda, Lautoka, Fiji) is a Fijian rugby union player. He plays as a lock or flanker.
## Career
In 2002, when he was still 21 when he made his test debut in the victory over Samoa, in Apia. After four matches as a substitute, he made his first start against Tonga in the 47-20 win at Prince Charles Park in Nadi, and celebrated with a well-worked try from 35 metres out when he raced onto a chip over the top from Seru Rabeni. His build makes him an ideal line-out jumper, but he is also equipped with speed to match most wingers.
Injury saw him miss the 2003 early-season trials and he did not feature in the warm-up matches against Australia or Tonga. When Apenisa Naevo pulled up late in the first match of the New Zealand tour last August, Rawaqa was called up. He also led his provincial team Lautoka to both major trophies in Fiji in 2003 -- the Telecom Cup and the Farebrother-Sullivan Trophy, which is a challenge competition similar to New Zealand\'s Ranfurly Shield.
In 2004 Rawaqa was selected in the Pacific Islanders team where he started all 3 test matches. After an impressive showing for the Islanders he was offered a contract to play for Auckland but turned it down preferring to play for Japanese club World Fighting Bull.
Rawaqa showed his pace when he outran the Wales backline to score under the posts in what was so nearly an historic win for Fiji at Cardiff in 2005, when Fiji lost 11-10.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKnR1n2DDTY
He has played at two world cups, 2003 and 2007 being part of the historical quarter-final reaching team. He was also part of Fiji\'s 2005 Rugby World Cup Sevens winning team.
He is the elder brother of Fijian International Taniela Rawaqa who plays fullback for Fiji
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# Phoenix (1794)
***Phoenix**\'\' (also spelled***Feniks**\'\') was the first ship built in Russian America (roughly equivalent to today\'s Alaska), for the Shelikhov-Golikov Company, a precursor of the Russian--American Company (RAC). James George Shields, a British mariner in the employ of the Russian Navy, directed her construction, using mainly local materials. The ship was launched at Voskresenskaia on Resurrection Bay in the summer of 1794.
The ship was three-masted, 90 feet long, with a burthen of between 180 and 240 tons (bm) (sources differ), and mounting 22--24 light cannons. It was by far the largest and most important vessel of any Russian American fur trading company of the time.
The ship was named after the British *Phoenix*, a trading vessel involved in the maritime fur trade, which in turn was the namesake of Phoenix Bay on Afognak Island.
*Phoenix* was lost at sea in late 1799, last seen on 24 August 1799 when departing Okhotsk for Kodiak Island. Wreckage washed up on shores from Unalaska Island to the Alexander Archipelago. It was the greatest marine catastrophe in the history of Russian America. In addition to the ship itself, 103 people died, including 92 *promyshlenniki*, Captain James Shields, Bishop Joasaph Bolotov, head of the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Alaska, along with cargo worth 569,328 rubles. The total financial loss was 622,328 rubles, over twice the combined capital of the Kodiak and Unalaska RAC Departments.
The loss of *Phoenix* and its large load of colonist passengers greatly slowed the tempo of the Russian colonization of the Americas, effectively ending RAC Governor Baranov\'s plan to establish a colony south of Sitka, Alaska on either Prince of Wales Island or in Haida Gwaii. The *promyshlenniki* passengers had been essential to this plan. In addition, the loss of Bishop Joasaph and his retinue was a major blow for the Orthodox Church in America. It took 40 years for the Church to assign a new bishop to the American diocese. The loss of Captain Shields was also a major setback, as he was one of the most experienced captains and shipbuilders working in Russian America
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# Great Migration Study Project
The **Great Migration Study Project** is an ongoing scholarly endeavor to create short biographical sketches of all immigrants from Europe to colonial New England between 1620 and 1640 (the Puritan great migration). These number over 5,000 individuals, not including dependent wives and children, almost all of whom came from England (in a few cases after an interlude in the Netherlands). Directed by Robert Charles Anderson, the project is conducted in collaboration with the New England Historic Genealogical Society and has been underway since 1988.
Publications of the Great Migration Study Project include:
- *The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620--1633* \[first series\], 3 volumes (NEHGS, 1995). The first phase of the Great Migration Study Project identifies and describes all those Europeans who settled in New England prior to the end of 1633 --- over 900 early New England families.
- *The Great Migration: Immigrants to New England, 1634--1635* \[second series\], 7 volumes (NEHGS, 1999--2011). In these two years, approximately 1,300 households (families or unattached individual men and women) arrived in New England. Each volume contains about 200 individual sketches. George Freeman Sanborn and Melinde Lutz Sanborn contributed to the first two volumes of this series.
- *The Pilgrim Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth Colony* (NEHGS, 2007). The single volume contains over 200 revised sketches on every family or individual known to have resided in Plymouth Colony from the arrival of the Mayflower in 1620 until 1633. `{{ISBN|9780880822046}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *The Winthrop Fleet: Massachusetts Bay Company immigrants to New England, 1629-1630* (NEHGS, 2012). The single volume contains revised sketches of the immigrants who came to the Boston area during the first year of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. `{{ISBN|9780880822824}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *The great migration directory: immigrants to New England, 1620-1640: a concise compendium* (NEHGS, 2015). This is a list of all known immigrants during the entire project period, with their year of migration, first residence, origin in England (if known), and references to sources of further information. `{{ISBN|9780880823272}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *The Great Migration Newsletter* (NEHGS, 2017). The newsletter was published from 1990 to 2016. All newsletter issues are combined in this single volume. Articles complement the individual Great Migration sketches and examine the broad issues in understanding the lives and times of New England\'s settlers. Article topics include the settlement of early New England towns, migration patterns, 17th-century passenger lists, church records, land records, and more. `{{ISBN|9780880823678}}`{=mediawiki}.
- *Puritan pedigrees: the deep roots of the great migration to New England* (NEHGS, 2019). This book focuses on the Puritan ministers who led the Great Migration and shows their social and familial connections going back several generations in England. `{{ISBN|9780880823845}}`{=mediawiki}.
- Great Migration Parish Map. This map shows the parishes of origin for those Great Migration immigrants whose background in England is known
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# Ernst Krogius
**Ernst Edvard Krogius** (Helsinki, 6 June 1865 -- Copenhagen, 21 September 1955) was a Finnish lawyer, shipowner and sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 meter class
| 49 |
Ernst Krogius
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# Kilmeen GAA
**Kilmeen GAA** are a Junior A Gaelic football club from the south-west division (Carbery GAA) of County Cork, Ireland. The club competes in Carbery and Cork competitions. Their sister club in Hurling, Kilbree competes at Junior A level as of 2007
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# Eino Sandelin
**Eino Kauno Sandelin** (December 16, 1864 -- October 15, 1937) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 metre class
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# LandWarNet
**LandWarNet** (**LWN**) is the United States Army's contribution to the Global Information Grid (GIG) that consists of all globally interconnected, end-to-end set of Army information capabilities, associated processes, and personnel for collecting, processing, storing, disseminating, and managing information on demand supporting warfighters, policy makers, and support personnel. It includes all Army (owned and leased) and leveraged Department of Defense (DOD)/Joint communications and computing systems and services, software (including applications), data security services, and other associated services. LandWarNet exists to enable the warfighter through Mission Command, previously described as Battle Command. Other U.S. service equivalent efforts to LandWarNet include the Navy\'s \"FORCEnet\" and the Air Force\'s \"C2 Constellation.\"
## Defining LandWarNet {#defining_landwarnet}
A key document shaping the capability development (expectation) for LandWarNet is Military Operations Future Operating Capabilities. This pamphlet describes Force Operating Capabilities (FOC) desired for the U.S. Army near, mid and long term, encompassing the full spectrum of military operations, derived from analysis of joint concepts, Army Future Force concepts, and other documents developed in support of the National Military Strategy (NMS), Strategic Planning Guidance (SPG), Army Strategic Planning Guidance (ASPG), the Army Transformation Road Map (ATR), and the Army Campaign Plan (ACP).
LandWarNet is essentially the combination of the set of functional applications (for mission command, Intelligence, Logistics, etc.), transmitted over integrated network transport (space, airborne, terrestrial, infrastructure, network terminal), utilizing a common set of network services (voice, data, collaboration, mediation, storage, discovery, messaging, speed of service, quality of service, hosting, IA/Security, NetOps - information assurance, information dissemination management, and network management). LandWarNet also represents the Army's unified, coherent network capabilities development effort to bring the pieces together. The focus of this effort is providing Soldiers, leaders and units, today and in the future, the means to conduct information-enabled, joint warfighting and supporting operations.
## Cylinder slide depicting LandWarNet {#cylinder_slide_depicting_landwarnet}
LandWarNet, underpinned by integrated architectures enables, "one Mission Command System" as part of "one Network" and facilitates a consistent alignment of joint capabilities across all layers of the network (platforms & sensors, applications, services, transport and standards) to design and field an integrated system of systems. This network provides the link from Soldier to sustaining base, with tailored software applications that are optimized for conducting joint operations.
## History
GEN Byrnes (CG TRADOC) back in November 2003 determined the Army needed a single name to represent all tactical networks, both current and future. His assessment was based on the numerous questions asked of him at the JFCOM Component Commanders Conference (senior generals and admirals forum) during a discussion on Army networks. The task of finding the right name was given to the Battle Command and Awareness Division (BCAD) within TRADOC\'s Futures Center Directorate. There were numerous suggestions in the staffing process, but the name \"LandWarNet\" stood out. The name was inspired by the JTF WARNET Program under the Extending the Littoral Battlespace (ELB) Advanced Concept Technology Development (ACTD) at that time. From Nov 03 to Jan 04, the name \"LandWarNet\" initially represented all current and future tactical networks. The name caught on within a relatively short time with the other services and DoD during the Joint Battle Management Command and Control (JBMC2) document review process. In Feb 2004, the CIO/G6 for the Army incorporated the name to represent all current and future Army networks. The name had greater appeal and \"traction\" in military circles and at the Congressional level than the previous name for the Army network i.e. the Army Knowledge Enterprise (AKE).
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# LandWarNet
## Operational capabilities {#operational_capabilities}
- U.S. Army Strategic Communications Guide 2007
• LandWarNet (LWN) is the Army's part of the DoD information technology infrastructure that enables operational forces' to \"reach back\" for data, in the form of high definition intelligence products, voice, video, and data.\
• LWN is a combination of infrastructure and services, and moves information through a seamless network and enables the management of warfighting and business information.\
• LWN is a key enabler for information superiority, decision superiority, and ultimately full spectrum dominance, as well as for quality and speed of decision-making for enhanced Battle Command.\
• LWN integrates applications, services, and network transport across the warfighting, intelligence, and business domains enabling Leader-centric operations anytime, anywhere at every echelon as a part of the Joint Force.\
• LWN enables enhanced Battle Command across the full spectrum of conflict (land and cyberspace) and support to natural disasters.\
• LWN creates unprecedented levels of flexibility and agility for logistical support, actionable intelligence, and situational awareness.\
• LWN will push voice, data, and video to the edge of the tactical formations---ultimately pushing these capabilities lower and lower into our modular Army's brigades, battalions, and Soldiers - enabling distributed operations required in today's and future operations.\
• Recent combat operations highlight the critical need for mobile communications, networks, and satellite communications (for range extension) to provide interoperability within the Joint force and within the defense communications network infrastructure\
• Networked communications, as demonstrated by the Joint Network Node (JNN) system and Blue Force Tracking, enhance the speed of command and increase the Warfighter's ability to plan and execute operations over a geographically dispersed battlespace.\
• The fielding, integration and migration of robust Battle Command systems to deployed and deployable units continues to be a primary focus for the Army.\
• LWN integrates applications, services, and network transport across the warfighting, intelligence, and business domains enabling Leader-centric operations anytime, anywhere at every echelon as a part of the Joint Force.\
• LWN enables enhanced Battle Command across the full spectrum of conflict (land and cyberspace) and support to natural disasters.\
• LWN creates unprecedented levels of flexibility and agility for logistical support, actionable intelligence, and situational awareness.
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# LandWarNet
## Institutional infrastructure {#institutional_infrastructure}
U.S. Army Strategic Communications Guide 2007
• LandWarNet(LWN) is the Army's part of the DoD information technology infrastructure that enables Soldiers to \"reach back\" for data, in the form of high definition intelligence products, voice, video, and data.
• LWN is the Army\'s portion of the DoD Global Information Grid (GIG)
• LWN move information through a seamless network to better supports Soldiers and the infrastructure that supports them.
• LWN is a combination of infrastructure and services, and moves information through a seamless network and enables command and control, and the management of warfighting and business information.
• The Army is transforming data, applications, and processes to achieve knowledge sharing that optimizes decision making, mission planning, and performance across the Army.
• The Army is consolidating IT network services at Area Processing Centers to increase LWN efficiency and effectiveness and reduce network vulnerabilities
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# John Silén
**John Fredrik Silén** (June 19, 1869, Turku -- October 3, 1949, Helsinki) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Heatherbell*, which won the bronze medal in the 12 metre class
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# Patricio Sayegh
**Patricio Sayegh** (*פטריסיו סייג*; born 28 December 1967) is an Argentine former professional association footballer who was part of the 1988--89 championship squad at Maccabi Haifa.
## Biography
### Playing career {#playing_career}
In 1988, Maccabi Haifa decided to bring in Jewish players from Argentina since they would qualify as immigrants and not as transfers. The Jewish Agency for Israel paid for travel and some living expenses for new immigrants. Sayegh was brought in under these circumstances, along with Fabian Grimberg and Fabian Lagman
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# Peter Dreher
**Peter Dreher** (26 August 1932 -- 20 February 2020) was a German artist and academic teacher. He painted series of landscapes, interiors, flowers and skulls, beginning his series *Tag um Tag guter Tag* in 1974. As a professor of painting, he influenced artists including Anselm Kiefer. His works have been exhibited internationally.
## Life
Dreher was born in Mannheim, Baden-Württemberg. He began to draw at age seven, determined to become an artist. When Dreher was twelve years old, his father was killed fighting in Russia in World War II.
Dreher studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Karlsruhe in the 1950s, when the artistic trend was leaning towards figurative, with Karl Hubbuch and Wilhelm Schnarrenberger, who stood for the New Objectivity movement, and with Erich Heckel, one of the founders of Die Brücke. He had his first solo exhibition in 1954 at the Städtische Kunsthalle Mannheim.
Dreher became known for his series *Tag um Tag guter Tag* which he began in 1974, painting the same glass more than 5,000 times. He also created series of landscapes and interiors, flower pieces and skulls. While Dreher admired some ideas of Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, Robert Rauschenberg and Claes Oldenburg, he opposed various artistic trends of the 1950s and 1960s, such as abstract expressionism, minimalism, postminimalism and pop art, remaining a realistic and figurative painter.
Dreher was a lecturer of painting at the Academy of Fine Arts, Karlsruhe from 1965 at the Freiburg location, and from 1968 a professor there. Among his students were Anselm Kiefer, Klaus Merkel and Eva Rosenstiel. He retired from his position as a professor in 1997.
Dreher died in February 2020 at age 87.
## Work
### *Tag um Tag guter Tag* {#tag_um_tag_guter_tag}
In a series begun in 1974, Dreher painted the same empty glass. Called *Tag um Tag guter Tag* (*Day by Day, Good Day*), he painted it more than 2,500 times at night and more than 2,500 times during the daytime, in a process similar to meditation.
At first, Dreher had only intended to paint the glass five or six times, but found he did not want to stop. He painted the glass at least fifty times a year, and was still painting it in the 2010s, saying he would stop \"when the motivation stopped\". He always painted it centered on a 25 x 20cm neutral grey ground, from the same distance and at life scale.
### Self-portraits {#self_portraits}
From 1977 to 1979, Dreher painted on-site several self-portraits as decoration for the library of the University of Freiburg. When the building was demolished, the portraits found a new location.Currently, they are housed in the basement (1 UG.) of the library in between the bookshelves.
### Exhibitions
Dreher\'s works were shown in international exhibitions including:
- 1954: Städtische Kunsthalle Mannheim
- 1974: Museum Folkwang, Essen
- 1975: Kunstverein Freiburg
- 1976: Hans Mayer (gallerist), Düsseldorf
- 1977: Staatliche Kunsthalle Baden-Baden
- 1982: Von der Heydt-Museum, Wuppertal
- 1990: Museum für Neue Kunst Freiburg
- 1993: Badischer Kunstverein, Karlsruhe
- 2002: Patricia Sweetow Gallery, San Francisco, California
- 2008: Kunsthalle Erfurt
- 2011: Musée d\'art moderne et contemporain in Geneva
- 2013: MK Galleries, U.K
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# Makarovka
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# Guy Stair Sainty
**Guy Stair Sainty**, `{{post-nominals|country=GBR|KStJ|KC*SG}}`{=mediawiki} (born 7 December 1950) is a British art dealer and author on nobility, royal genealogy, and heraldry.
## Life and education {#life_and_education}
Guy Stair Sainty is the son of Christopher Lawrence Sainty and Virginia Cade Stair, grand-daughter of Alfred Stair. His father was Chief Engineer and Director of Carrier Engineering Co Ltd. He attended Highfield School in Hampshire and Westminster School, London, and continued his education in Rome and at The College of Law in London. In 1979, he moved to New York but returned to Europe in 2002, first to Paris and then to London where the Stair Sainty Gallery has been based since 2005. The gallery specialises primarily in French and Spanish painting from the sixteenth to the early twentieth century and has sold works of art to many of the world\'s great museums, publishing catalogues on a range of artists and schools.
He married, firstly, on 5 February 1983, Cynthia Holland Ash Volk, with three children, Charles, Clementine, and Della. The marriage ended in divorce in 1993 and ecclesiastical annulment in 1995. Sainty married Elizabeth Frost Pierson, the daughter of W. DeVier Pierson and Shirley Phelps Pierson, née Frost, a private dealer in 19th and 20th century art in New York, in Washington on 28 May 1995 and in a second ceremony at the London Oratory on 28 September 1995. With Elizabeth he had three children, George, Julian and Arabella.
Sainty is a half-brother, by his father\'s first wife, of Sir John Sainty, retired Clerk of the Parliaments.
## Publications
- *Sacred Military Order of Constantine of Saint George* 1976
- *First Painters of the King: French Royal Taste from Louis XIV the Revolution* 1985
- *François Boucher: His Circle and Influence* 1987
- *The Orders of Chivalry and Merit of the Bourbon Two Sicilies Dynasty* 1989
- *Eighty Years of French Painting: 1775-1855* 1991
- *The Orders of Saint John* 1991
- *La Insigne Orden de Tosón de Oro* 1996
- *Romance and Chivalry: Literature and History Reflected in Early 19th Century French Painting* 1996
- *An Eye on Nature II: French Landscape Painting from 1785-1900* 1999
- World Orders of Knighthood and Merit (`{{ISBN|0971196672}}`{=mediawiki}) 2006. With Rafal Heydel-Mankoo
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# Guy Stair Sainty
## Appointments, awards, and decorations {#appointments_awards_and_decorations}
Sainty has had an interest in the subject of chivalry and heraldry for many years. He is a Fellow with the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry. Sainty is a correspondent member of the Real Academia Matritense de Heraldica y Genealogia (Royal Academy of Heraldry and Genealogy of Madrid). He has served for more than twenty years as one of the consultants to the Committee on the Orders of Saint John of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta and The Alliance of the Orders of St. John of Jerusalem.
Sainty has served as a County Staff Officer (Sussex) in the St. John Ambulance. He was first appointed an Associate Officer (Brother), then promoted to an Associated Commander (Brother) on 16 June 1989, and again promoted to the rank of Associate Knight of the Venerable Order of Saint John on 30 July 1992. He was transferred to full membership as a knight of Justice with the change of Statutes in 1999, and served as Vice-Chancellor of the Priory in the US until June 2008, but has since transferred to the central roll of the Order.
Sainty is an armiger, having had arms granted by the College of Arms in London, and matriculated at the Court of the Lord Lyon in Edinburgh. Sainty has also served as a senior county staff officer to H.R.H. Prince Tomislav of Yugoslavia. He was formerly a member of the Savoy Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus but resigned in 2006 and is the Vice-Grand Chancellor of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (Hispano-Neapolitan branch), of which he is a Bailiff Grand Cross. In 2018 the [Boletín Oficial del Estado](https://tienda.boe.es/detail.php?id=978843402506600002) published [\"The Constantinian Order of Saint George\"](https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-DH-2019-149_2) by Sainty, the first publication in English by the BOE, with a translation in [Spanish](https://www.boe.es/biblioteca_juridica/abrir_pdf.php?id=PUB-DH-2019-149_1) published in 2020.
On 15 January 2014, Sainty was awarded the rank of Commander (Encomienda) of the Order of Isabella the Catholic by King Juan Carlos I and received unrestricted permission to wear the decorations on 27 July 2017.
- Knight of Justice of the Venerable Order of Saint John of Jerusalem
- Knight Commander with Star of the Order of Saint Gregory the Great
- Commander (Encomienda) of the Order of Isabella the Catholic
### Dynastic Orders {#dynastic_orders}
- Bailiff Grand Cross of the Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
## Libel suit by Rosario Poidimani {#libel_suit_by_rosario_poidimani}
In December 2003, Rosario Poidimani sued Sainty in an Italian court for libel, on account of his published analysis of the claims to the Portuguese throne of Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança and Rosario Poidimani. In August 2010, Poidimani won a decision against Sainty in the court of Vicenza. For defamation allegedly caused by the article, Sainty was ordered to pay €20,000 in the judgment. In March 2016, the Italian Court of Appeal of Venice decided in Sainty\'s favour, rejecting the claim of Poidimani. (No. 730/2016 published 30/03/2016, RG n. 2667/2010, Repert. n. 680/2016 of 30.03.2016
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# Mary Emelia Mayne
**Mary Emelia Mayne** (31 December 1858 -- 12 August 1940), was an Australian philanthropist.
## Early life {#early_life}
Mayne was born in Brisbane, Colony of New South Wales in 1858. The area would become part of the Colony of Queensland in 1859. Mary Emelia Mayne was the second youngest of five children of Irish parents, Patrick Mayne, a butcher and grazier, and his wife Mary McIntosh Mayne. She attended All Hallows\' School, a Catholic girls\' school in Brisbane, until 1877. Thereafter she oversaw and hostessed many functions at Moorlands, the family home at Auchenflower. She and her siblings all inherited real estate, giving them independent means. Neither she nor her siblings would marry.
## James O\'Neil Mayne {#james_oneil_mayne}
**James O\'Neil Mayne** (28 January 1861 -- 31 January 1939), one of her brothers, attended Brisbane Grammar School, graduated with a B.A. from the University of Sydney in 1884, and studied medicine at University College London, receiving the qualifications of Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians (LRCS) and Membership of the Royal College of Physicians (MRCS) in 1890. James Mayne worked as a doctor at the Brisbane General Hospital from 1891 until 1898. James O\'Neil Mayne died at Moorlands.
## Philanthropy
The Mayne family made Moorlands available to the Red Cross working parties during World War I, and contributed to the Anglican St Martin\'s War Memorial Hospital.
James and Mary Emelia Mayne became the principal benefactors of the University of Queensland giving it 280 hectares of land at Pinjarra Hills for agricultural education in 1923. After negotiations beginning in 1926, they paid a further £63,000 to resume over 281 hectares at St Lucia. This site became the current University of Queensland campus.
## Death
Mary Emelia Mayne died in the Mater Misericordiae Private Hospital (run by the Sisters of Mercy who also controlled her school, All Hallows\') during World War II on 12 August 1940. Mary Emelia Mayne and James O\'Neil Mayne are buried in the Toowong Cemetery in the family tomb, which the university was requested to maintain.
## Wills
Their wills demonstrate that James Mayne\'s estate was valued for probate at £113,334 and Emilia Mayne\'s at £83,375. Their chief assets were listed as the prestigious Brisbane Arcade, the Regent Building, and Moorlands. Identical wills provided that the estates be applied in perpetuity for the university\'s medical school.
## Legacy
They are commemorated by the Mayne chairs of medicine and surgery, the Dr James Mayne Building at the Royal Brisbane and Women\'s Hospital, the Mayne String Trio and Mayne Hall where there is a bronze plaque of them by Kathleen Shillam. A portrait of Mayne by Melville Haysom hangs in the University of Queensland Art Museum which is named the James and Mary Emelia Mayne Centre
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# Kilbree GAA
**Kilbree** are a Junior A hurling club from the south-west division (Carbery GAA) of County Cork, Ireland. Their sister club in Gaelic football is Kilmeen which competes at Junior A level. The club participates in Carbery and Cork competitions
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# Bertil Tallberg
**Bertil Tallberg** (September 17, 1883 -- April 20, 1963) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Lucky Girl*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class
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# Gunnar Tallberg
**Gunnar Tallberg** (December 23, 1881 -- August 27, 1931) was a Finnish sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Finnish boat *Lucky Girl*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class
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# Cold Heart (film)
***Cold Heart*** is a 2001 erotic thriller film starring Nastassja Kinski and Jeff Fahey. The film conveys the atmosphere of conspiracy, the essence of which becomes clear to an innocent victim at the very last moment.
## Plot
Dangerous psychopath Sean Clark tries to kill a woman and gets into a prison psychiatric hospital. Thanks to the efforts of a talented psychiatrist Dr. Phil Davis, Clark is released prematurely. Davis explains that he acts on behalf of Sean\'s father but mentions that his father does not want to meet or communicate with Sean. Davis gives Clark money and takes him to his new home, reminding that the main condition for the Sean\'s release is his weekly visits to Davis.
After that, Sean starts a new life. He gets a job with a large company, the owner of which turns out to be Davis\'s wife, Linda, who falls in love with Sean. In turn, Sean performs her every wish and even says to Davis that he loves his new employer.
Meanwhile, Linda suspects that her husband has an extramarital affair. Secretive phone calls, leavings for conferences (which he does not attend)---all of this convince her that she is right. One day, Linda plans to attend the presentation of her film. Her assistant, who was to accompany her, proposes to replace her with Sean. On a trip, a whirlwind romance sparks between Linda and Sean. Blinded by passion, Linda cannot suspect that all the events are the parts of her husband\'s insidious plan. He wants to profit from her death and chooses the most reliable weapon---a convicted maniac, whose guilt no one will doubt.
## Cast
- Nastassja Kinski as Linda Cross
- Jeff Fahey as Dr. Phil Davis
- Josh Holloway as Sean Clark
- Hudson Leick as Julia
- Janne Campbell as Natalie
- Lincoln Myerson as Mr
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# Good Morning Aztlán
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# Carlos Tejedor (politician)
**Carlos Tejedor** (November 4, 1817 -- January 3, 1903) was an Argentine jurist and politician, Governor of Buenos Aires Province between 1878 and 1880. Tejedor was a prominent figure in the movement against the Federalization of Buenos Aires.
## Life and times {#life_and_times}
Tejedor was born in Buenos Aires to Antonia Carrero and Antonio Tejedor, in 1817. He enrolled at the University of Buenos Aires, where he earned a law degree in 1837, and married Etelvina Ocampo. He became a prominent supporter of the interests of Buenos Aires, and joined Ramón Maza in an 1839 plot against Governor Juan Manuel de Rosas. The group protested what they saw as too many concessions on the part of Rosas toward other provincial *Caudillos* in order to buttress the fragile Argentine Confederation. Following Maza\'s execution, however, Tejedor joined Unitarian Party leader General Juan Lavalle, and fled to Chile, where he resumed his law practice and became a friend and ally of future Chilean President Manuel Montt.
He returned to Buenos Aires following Rosas\' overthrow after the Battle of Caseros of 1852, and became a central figure in the movement led by Valentín Alsina against the Federalization of Buenos Aires as the national capital through his position of editor-in-chief of *El Nacional*. He opposed the San Nicolás Agreement, Entre Ríos leader Justo José de Urquiza\'s bid for national unity, and plotted the assassination of Urquiza with the *Logia Juan-Juan*. The attempt on Urquiza a failure, a revolt erupted in Buenos Aires on September 11, 1852, and the latter province became independent of the Confederation for the remainder of the decade. Tejedor then collaborated with Dalmacio Vélez Sarsfield in the drafting of a Provincial Constitution for Buenos Aires, the following year.
Tejedor negotiated the surrender of Buenos Aires forces at the Battle of Cepeda (1859), leading to the Pact of San José de Flores and to Buenos Aires\' recognition of the Argentine Constitution. Tejedor, however, rallied opposition to the treaty, and in particular, its provisions for the federalization of the Buenos Aires Customs. Ultimately, these disputes led to the Battle of Pavón (1861), where General Bartolomé Mitre\'s victory allowed Tejedor and other Buenos Aires leaders to impose terms for the province\'s readmission into Argentina.
Following Mitre\'s 1862 election as President of Argentina, Tejedor was charged with codifying the nation\'s penal code. He was elected to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in 1866, and was appointed Foreign Minister in 1870 by President Domingo Sarmiento. His tenure in the post was highlighted by international boundary negotiations following the Paraguayan War.
Allegations of electoral fraud in the elections of 1874, in which Mitre was defeated for the Presidency, led to another revolt by the former president; its prompt defeat led to his exile, however, and Tejedor was sworn in as Congressman in his replacement. Viewed as a die-hard proponent of Buenos Aires privileges by lawmakers from the hinterland, he resigned, and served briefly as director of the National Library of Argentina, and as Ambassador to Brazil. He accepted the post of Solicitor General for President Nicolás Avellaneda in 1875, contributing to the advancement of the commercial and civil codes. He then served as Dean of the University of Buenos Aires Law School in 1876 and 1877.
Returning to politics, he was elected Governor of Buenos Aires in 1878, and in 1880, ran for the Presidency in opposition to National Autonomist Party leader Julio Roca. Winning only in Buenos Aires and Corrientes Provinces, Tejedor organized an uprising, forcing the temporary relocation of Federal Government offices to Belgrano (then a suburb of the capital). His defeat led to his resignation as governor, and negotiations begun in his stead by Mitre with the victor, President Roca, led to the definitive establishment of Buenos Aires as the nation\'s capital. He published a memoir of the events, *La defensa de Buenos Aires*, in 1881, and returned to academia and private law practice.
Tejedor was again elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1894 for Buenos Aires, serving until 1898. He died in Buenos Aires in 1903, at age 85, and was buried in the La Recoleta Cemetery. The Carlos Tejedor Partido of Buenos Aires Province is named after him
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# Pollock Medal
The **Pollock Medal** was a prize awarded to the best cadet of the season, in commemoration of Sir George Pollock\'s exploits in Afghanistan, first at the East India Company\'s Military Seminary at Addiscombe, and later at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich.
## Foundation
In 1844, the British inhabitants of Calcutta raised a subscription of 11,000 rupees to commemorate General George Pollock\'s victories in Afghanistan after the disastrous retreat of the British army of occupation from Kabul in January 1842. This was to consist of a medal to be presented twice a year "to the most distinguished cadet at the East India Company's Military Seminary, at Addiscombe, near Croydon in England, on passing the biennial examination for a commission."
## Description
The original medal, with a weight of 2oz and valued at sixteen guineas, was designed by General Macleod and was first presented in December 1847, with the following inscription:
***To commemorate eminent services***
***Major-General Sir George Pollock, K.C.B.***
***Bengal Artillery, Cabul 1842***
***Treachery avenged -- British honour vindicated -- Disasters retrieved -- British captives delivered -- Khyber Pass forced -- Jellalabad relieved -- Victories of Mamoo Khail, Jugdulluck, Tezeen, Istaliff***
And on the reverse:
***Military Seminary, Addiscombe***
***Pollock Prize***
***Presented by the British Inhabitants of Calcutta, and Awarded by the Court of Directors of the East India Company, to the most distinguished Cadet of the Season.***
## Changes
In 1861, the Secretary of State for India, who was now responsible for the management of Indian affairs after the British government had taken India over from the East India Company, decided to have a new medal of a smaller size. The medal was valued at twelve guineas, and part of the inscription recording the services of Sir George Pollock and his army was omitted.
The new version continued to have the portrait of Sir George Pollock but with the inscription:
***Pollock, Cabul, 1842***
And on its reverse:
***Pollock Prize, Royal Military Academy***
***Founded by the British inhabitants of Calcutta to commemorate the eminent services of Major-General Sir George Pollock, G.C.B., and awarded to the most distinguished Cadet of the season***
Although Sir George Pollock was not consulted over the changes, he continued to present the medal in person whenever his health allowed him until 4 months before his death, when he presented it to John Copsey Addison in June 1872.
In 1861 the East India Company handed over control of its Indian possessions to the British government and the East India Company\'s military units were incorporated into the British army. The Military Seminary at Addiscombe was closed and the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich took over the training of new officers, and the awarding of the Pollock Medal.
With the outbreak of the Second World War, the training course ceased. In 1947 the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich and Royal Military College at Sandhurst were amalgamated to become the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. Sandhurst now presents the top cadet with the Queen\'s Medal.
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# Pollock Medal
## Holders
The following is the roll of Pollock Medallists until February 1875 as recorded on tablets fixed on the walls of the great dining hall of the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich:
### Awarded at Addiscombe {#awarded_at_addiscombe}
NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO
------------------------ ------------ --------------------------------------- -- ------------------------ ---------------- ----------------------------------------
Edward C.S. Williams June, 1848 Bengal Engineers James J. McL. Innes December, 1848 Bengal Engineers
Thomas G. Montgomerie June, 1849 Bengal Engineers George A. Craster December, 1849 Bengal Engineers
Patrick Stewart June, 1850 Bengal Engineers Frederick S. Stanton December, 1850 Bengal Engineers
Henry Goodwyn June, 1851 Ditto James P. Basevi December, 1851 Bengal Engineers
Arthur M. Lang June, 1852 Bengal Engineers Salisbury M. Trevor December, 1852 Bengal Engineers
John U. Champain June, 1853 Bengal Engineers Edward R. Holland December, 1853 Bombay Engineers
William Jeffreys June, 1854 Bengal Engineers Aeneas R. R. Macdonald December, 1854 Temp. Commission H.E.I.Co\'s Engineers
Charles H. Luard June, 1855 Bengal Engineers John Eckford December, 1855 Bengal Engineers
John M. McNeile June, 1856 Bengal Engineers John Herschel December, 1856 Bengal Engineers
Keith A. Jopp June, 1857 Bombay Engineers Lewis C. Gordon December, 1857 Bengal Engineers
William M. Campbell June, 1858 Bombay Engineers William H. Pierson December, 1858 Bengal Engineers
Arthur W. Elliot June, 1859 Not appointed -- resigned the service William Shepherd December, 1859 Bengal Engineers
Allan J. C. Cunningham June, 1860 Bengal Engineers Kellow C. Pye December, 1860 Royal Engineers
William J. Williamson June, 1861 General List, Royal Infantry
### Awarded at Woolwich {#awarded_at_woolwich}
NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO
----------------------------- ----------------- ----------------------- -- ---------------------------- ---------------- -----------------
Clayton S. Beauchamp December, 1861 Royal Engineers
Thomas Fraser June, 1862 Royal Engineers Valentine F. Rowe December, 1862 Royal Engineers
Herbert P. Knocker June, 1863 Royal Engineers Francis Mascall December, 1863 Royal Engineers
Henry R. G. Georges June, 1864 Royal Engineers William G. Nicholson December, 1864 Royal Engineers
Sydney L. Jacob June, 1865 Royal Engineers Charles M. Watson December, 1865 Royal Engineers
John E. Broadbent June, 1866 Royal Engineers Harry M. Chambers December, 1866 Royal Engineers
Felician R. de Wolski June, 1867 Royal Engineers Francis J. Day December, 1867 Royal Engineers
George S. Clarke June, 1868 Royal Engineers Henry H. S. Cunynghame December, 1868 Royal Engineers
Henry J. Harman June, 1869 Royal Engineers Richard de Villamil December, 1869 Royal Engineers
Herbert C. Chermside June, 1870 Royal Engineers Philip Cardew December, 1870 Royal Engineers
Henry G. Kunhardt June, 1871 Royal Engineers Henry E. McCallum February, 1872 Royal Engineers
John C. Addison June, 1872 Royal Engineers William C. Godsal October, 1872 Royal Engineers
Henry D. Love February, 1873 Royal Engineers John C. Campbell June, 1973 Royal Engineers
Matthew H. P. R. Sankey October, 1873 Royal Engineers Charles F. Hadden February, 1874 Royal Artillery
Hugh M. Sinclair July, 1874 Royal Engineers Maurice A. Cameron February, 1875 Royal Engineers
Hubert J. Foster July, 1875 Royal Engineers Vincent H. P. Caillard February, 1876 Royal Engineers
James H. Cowan July, 1876 Royal Engineers William H Turton February, 1877 Royal Engineers
Alfred P. Codd July, 1877 Royal Engineers Henry D. Laffan December, 1877 Royal Engineers
Edward Agar April, 1878 Royal Engineers Alfred M. Mantell July, 1878 Royal Engineers
Stuart Davidson December, 1878 Royal Engineers John Winn April, 1879 Royal Engineers
James Dallas July, 1879 Royal Engineers Edward H. Hemming February, 1880 Royal Engineers
Matthew Nathan May, 1880 Royal Engineers William F. H. S. Kincaid July, 1880 Royal Engineers
Cecil Hill February, 1881 Royal Engineers James E. Edmonds July, 1881 Royal Engineers
James R. L. Macdonald February, 1882 Royal Engineers Ronald J. H. Mackenzie July, 1882 Royal Engineers
George A. S. Stone February, 1883 Royal Engineers Walter G. Lawrie July, 1883 Royal Engineers
James H. L\'E. Johnstone February, 1884 Royal Engineers Charles F. Close July, 1884 Royal Engineers
Edward A. Edgell December, 1884 Royal Engineers Hugh B. Williams April, 1885 Royal Engineers
Gerald P. Lenox-Conyngham September, 1885 Royal Engineers H. M. St A. Wade February, 1886 Royal Engineers
Charles H. Versturme July, 1886 Royal Engineers Theodore E. Naish February, 1887 Royal Engineers
Reginald F. G. Bond July, 1887 Royal Engineers Edmund G. Godfrey-Faussett February, 1888 Royal Engineers
W. M. Coldstream July, 1888 Royal Engineers Bertram H. Rooke February, 1889 Royal Engineers
James M. C. Colvin July, 1889 Royal Engineers Joseph F. W. Johnson February, 1890 Royal Engineers
Edward H. M. Leggett July, 1890 Royal Engineers Sydney G. Faber February, 1891 Royal Engineers
Reginald Polwhell July, 1891 Royal Engineers Alexander W. H. Grubb February, 1892 Royal Engineers
Charles E. Vickers July, 1892 Royal Engineers Walter C. Symon February, 1893 Royal Artillery
Edmund T. Rich July, 1893 Royal Engineers John B. Corry February, 1894 Royal Engineers
Arthur ff. Garrett August, 1894 Royal Engineers Harry O. Mance March, 1895 Royal Engineers
Lambert C. Jackson August, 1895 Royal Engineers H. de L. Pollard-Lowsey December, 1895 Royal Engineers
Robert H. Thomas June, 1896 Royal Engineers David Forster December, 1896 Royal Engineers
Charles W. Biggs June, 1897 Royal Engineers Charles M. Browne December, 1897 Royal Engineers
Phillip O. G. Usborne June, 1898 Royal Engineers Kenneth E. Edgeworth December, 1898 Royal Engineers
Charles Hordern June, 1899 Royal Engineers Christopher C. Trench December, 1899 Royal Engineers
Malcolm N. MacLeod April, 1900 Royal Engineers Edgar W. Cox December, 1900 Royal Engineers
J. A. B. P. Bowen July, 1901 Royal Engineers C. W. Bushell December, 1901 Royal Engineers
E. H. G. Kirke July, 1902 Royal Engineers C. R. Satterthwaite December, 1902 Royal Engineers
E. V. Binney July, 1903 Royal Engineers R. H. Stallard December, 1903 Royal Engineers
D. G. Courtney July, 1904 Royal Engineers R. S. Ryan December, 1904 Royal Artillery
E. M. Sinauer July, 1905 Royal Engineers R. Hamilton December, 1905 Royal Engineers
A. Carrow July, 1906 Royal Engineers C. G. Moores December, 1906 Royal Engineers
F. V. B. Witts July, 1907 Royal Engineers Rowland L. Almond December, 1907 Royal Engineers
J. P. S. Greig July, 1908 Royal Engineers R. P. Pakenham-Walsh December, 1908 Royal Engineers
C. L. T. Matheson July, 1909 Royal Engineers R. G. W. H. Stone December, 1909 Royal Engineers
C. J. S. King July, 1910 Royal Engineers W. O. Winter December, 1910 Royal Engineers
E. de S. Rideout July, 1911 Royal Engineers W. E. Euler December, 1911 Royal Engineers
A. B. Aitken July, 1912 Royal Engineers G. L. Miller December, 1912 Royal Engineers
E. F. Tickell July, 1913 Royal Engineers H. P. W. Hutson December, 1913 Royal Engineers
A. D. Panke July, 1914 Royal Engineers H. A. J. Parsons December, 1914 Royal Engineers
J. F. M. Whiteley June, 1915 Royal Engineers D. L. Middlemas December, 1915 Royal Engineers
E. G. FitzHenry June, 1916 Royal Engineers R. W. P. Yates December, 1916 Royal Engineers
D. Adamson June, 1917 Royal Engineers S. G. Galpin December, 1917 Royal Engineers
E. I. C. Jacob June, 1918 Royal Engineers W. G. C. Glossop December, 1918 Royal Artillery
J. A. Sinclair June, 1919 Royal Artillery A. H. G. Napier December, 1919 Royal Engineers
W. H. Ray December, 1919 Royal Engineers E. V. Daldy July, 1920 Royal Engineers
Not Issued December, 1920 G. N. Tuck July, 1921 Royal Engineers
N. A. M. Swettenham December, 1921 Royal Engineers A. J. H. Dove July, 1922 Royal Engineers
J. B. Tupman December, 1922 Royal Field Artillery L. R. E. Fayle July, 1923 Royal Engineers
E. L. Kellett December, 1923 Royal Engineers A. W. Kiggell July, 1924 Royal Engineers
J. C. R. Fitzgerald-Lombard December, 1924 Royal Engineers W. F. Anderson July, 1925 Royal Engineers
C. P. Jones December, 1925 Royal Engineers J. P. Chapman December, 1925 Royal Engineers
W. B. Sallitt July, 1926 Royal Engineers M. C. Perceval December, 1926 Royal Engineers
The above two lists are taken from the *Memoir to Illustrate the Origin and Foundation of the Pollock Medal* (1875), published anonymously but probably written by Field Marshal Sir Lintorn Simmons. Updated March 2016 by the son (see edit history for contact information) of the December 1928 recipient to include recipients after July 1875 using supplementary pages in his father\'s copy of the book. The following list was created from the RMAS Old College Notice Board. Note that in December 1925 there were two classes commissioned (Last of 4-term; first of 3-term.)
NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO NAME AWARDED GAZETTED TO
----------------------- ------------ ----------------- -- ----------------------------- ---------------- -----------------
R. W. Ewbank July, 1927 Royal Engineers A. E. H. Hamilton December, 1927 Royal Artillery
H. E. C. de Chassiron July, 1928 Royal Artillery W. H. C. Travers December, 1928 Royal Engineers
K. R. Brazier-Creagh 1929 Royal Artillery P. G. Hatch 1929 Royal Engineers
J. G. McKendrick 1930 Royal Engineers A. P. Lavies 1930 Royal Engineers
A. H. G. Dobson 1931 Royal Engineers D. C. Cameron 1931 Royal Engineers
A. F. Bell 1932 Royal Engineers H. L. Lloyd 1932 Royal Engineers
R. L. White 1933 Royal Engineers H. R. Carr 1933 Royal Engineers
T. G. H. Kirkwood 1934 Royal Engineers A. C. Lewis 1934 Royal Engineers
E. M. Hall 1935 Royal Engineers John E. L. Carter 1935 Royal Engineers
R. N. K. Barge 1936 Royal Engineers J. M. Flint 1936 Royal Engineers
D. Ross 1937 Royal Engineers R. F. Harris 1937 Royal Engineers
M. H. D. Lovell 1938 Royal Artillery John R. E. Hamilton-Baillie 1938 Royal Engineers
David J
| 1,533 |
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# Paul Colin (journalist)
**Paul Colin** (1895 -- 8 April 1943) was a Belgian journalist, famous as the leading journalist and editor of the Rexist collaborationist newspapers *\"Le Nouveau Journal\"* and *\"Cassandre\"*.
## Biography
His father was an important businessman who died when Colin was two. In 1914, Colin started university studies in History and Art History, but had to interrupt them because of the First World War. After the war, he became a journalist and art critic, and then the manager of the Giroux art gallery, located on the avenue des Arts in Brussels. He wrote a number of books on painting, on Belgian and European painting, Romanticism and Édouard Manet.
Colin founded a literary magazine entitled *L'Art libre* in Brussels in 1919 and edited it until 1922.
## 1930s
In the 1930s, Colin became fascinated by extreme-right movements, both fascism and nazism. In September 1939, Colin, along with Robert Poulet, Pierre Daye and ten other journalists (most of them fascists, but including some left-wing pacifists) signed a pro-German manifesto calling for Belgian neutrality in the war. This manifesto has often been claimed to be the starting-point of French-speaking journalistic collaboration in Belgium, though another version claims Paul-Henri Spaak, a socialist minister at the time, was the secret sponsor of the manifesto.
## 1940s {#s_1}
In 1940, after Belgium was occupied by Nazi Germany, Colin founded the Nazi propaganda newspaper *Le Nouveau Journal.* The first edition appeared on 1 October of that year. One of Colin\'s associates, Robert Poulet, had in the meantime secretly met King Leopold III\'s private secretary, Count Capelle, and obtained a tentative royal approval for the project.
However, as the war dragged on, German victory became less certain and food rations decreased, more and more Belgians joined the ranks of those who criticized the \"New Order\". In 1943, various members of the Belgian Resistance, led by Marcel Demonceau, hatched the plan to kill both Colin and the Rexist leader Léon Degrelle. In 1943, Colin was shot dead by a member of this Resistance group, 19-year-old Arnaud Fraiteur. The attempt on the life of Degrelle failed because Demonceau was arrested at his hiding-place in Ixelles together with many associates, British airmen and members of the Belgian London-based Intelligence Service.
It later transpired that the group had been infiltrated by a Belgian collaborator posing as \"Captain Jackson\", who claimed to be a Canadian airman; the infiltrator\'s real name was Prosper Dezitter. He might have helped plan the slaying of Colin in order to gain Demonceau\'s confidence and thus net as many Resistance and other people in hiding as possible. Fraiteur, Demonceau and many fellow members of the Resistance were later executed by the Germans at Breendonk. After the war, Dezitter was arrested in Germany, extradited, condemned to death, and shot by a firing squad at Ixelles on 17 September 1948
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# Tsubasa (train)
The `{{nihongo|'''''Tsubasa'''''|つばさ}}`{=mediawiki} is a high-speed Shinkansen train service operated on the Yamagata Shinkansen by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) since July 1992. The name was formerly used for a limited express service operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) and later by JR East, which ran from Ueno to Akita, and was discontinued in 1992 when the new shinkansen service commenced.
The Japanese word \"tsubasa\" means \"wing\".
## Service outline {#service_outline}
The services were originally operated by 7-car 400 series trains, later replaced by 7-car E3 series trains. They couple with E2 series trains for their journey from Tokyo to Fukushima, traveling at a maximum speed of 275 km/h. *Tsubasa* trains are limited to 130 km/h on the Yamagata Shinkansen from Fukushima to Shinjō since there are many sharp curves and level crossings, as the line is essentially a re-gauged narrow-gauge line.
Starting 16 March 2024, services are also operated by 7-car E8 series, gradually replacing E3 series in the future. They operate in conjunction with E5 series between Tokyo and Fukushima, increasing their maximum speed of 275 km/h to 300 km/h.
## Train formations {#train_formations}
*Tsubasa* services are operated by 7-car E3 series or E8 series sets, with car 11 at the Tokyo end. All seats are no-smoking.
Car No. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
--------------- ------------------ ------------------ ----------- ---------- ---------- -------------- --------------
Accommodation Green car Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Non-reserved Non-reserved
Facilities Wheelchair space Wheelchair space Cardphone Cardphone
## Rolling stock {#rolling_stock}
*Tsubasa* services are operated using a fleet of three E3-1000 series and twelve E3-2000 series 7-car trains. The latter were phased in from December 2008, totally replacing the older 400 series trains from April 2010.
The E8 series began operation on *Tsubasa* services on 16 March 2024.
<File:Shinkansen400> Tsubasa.JPG\|400 series, March 2008 <File:JReastE3-1000> Omiya 20110416.jpg\|E3-1000 series, April 2011 <File:E3-2000-L67-of-Yamagata-Shinkansen.jpg%7CE3-2000> series, May 2009 <File:E8系(大宮駅).jpg%7CE8> series, July 2023
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# Tsubasa (train)
## History
### Limited express service (1961--1992) {#limited_express_service_19611992}
The *Tsubasa* service commenced from the start of the revised timetable on 1 October 1961 as a limited express operating between `{{STN|Ueno|x}}`{=mediawiki} in Tokyo and `{{STN|Akita|x}}`{=mediawiki}, using new KiHa 80 series diesel multiple unit (DMU) trains in 6-car formations. Initially, there was one return service daily, with a journey time of exactly 8 hours 30 minutes in either direction, cutting two hours off the journey time for the previous direct express service between Ueno and Akita. The outward service departed from Ueno at 12:30, arriving at Akita at 21:00. The return service departed from Akita at 08:10, arriving at Ueno at 16:40.
From April 1963, the trains were increased from 6 to 7 cars to cope with the popularity of the service, and from 5 December of the same year, an additional unit was added to the formation when running between Ueno and Morioka.
From the start of the October 1968 timetable revision, services were extended to run to and from Tokyo Station, and KiHa 81 driving cars formerly used on *Hatsukari* services were added to the formations.
In February 1970, the KiHa 80 series trains were replaced by KiHa 181 series 10-car DMU formations, which were capable of running at a maximum speed of 120 km/h on the main line. In July 1971, these formations were lengthened to 12 cars.
In October 1975, electrification of the Ou Main Line was completed, and from the start of the revised timetable on 25 November, the KiHa 181 series DMUs were replaced on *Tsubasa* services by 485 series electric multiple unit (EMU) trains. From the start of the revised timetable in October 1978, three return workings operated daily, with non-reserved cars also included for the first time.
Service patterns were revised following the opening of the Tohoku Shinkansen in November 1982. Service frequency was increased to five trains in each direction daily, but most services were cut back to operate between Fukushima and Akita, with only one down service and two up services remaining between Ueno and Akita.
### Shinkansen service (1992--) {#shinkansen_service_1992}
From 1 July 1992, the *Tsubasa* name was transferred to new high-speed shinkansen services operating between Ueno and Yamagata. Services used 6-car 400 series trains coupled to a 200 series on Tōhoku Shinkansen tracks between Tokyo and Fukushima. Initially, there were 14 return workings daily. From December 1993, all trains were extended to start and terminate at Tokyo Station, and in December 1994, service frequency was increased from 14 to 15 return workings daily.
From 1 December 1995, trains were extended to 7 cars.
From 4 December 1999, *Tsubasa* services were extended to Shinjō Station, with the fastest service (*Tsubasa* 113) taking 3 hours 5 minutes. Two new E3-1000 series sets (L51 and L52) were also added to the fleet.
From 21 September 2001, double-decker E4 series replaced the 200 series trains on the Tōhoku Shinkansen.
In 2005, a third E3-1000 series trainset (L53) entered service.
From 18 March 2007, all cars were made non-smoking.
From 20 December 2008, new E3-2000 series trains entered service, replacing 400 series trainsets. The last 400 series set (L3) in service was withdrawn on 18 April 2010.
From the start of the revised timetable on 17 March 2012, nine out of sixteen daily *Tsubasa* services run coupled with *Yamabiko* services formed of E2 series trains, instead of E4 series sets, allowing the maximum speed to be raised from 240 km/h to 275 km/h on the Tōhoku Shinkansen tracks, and shaving up to 6 minutes off journey times between Tokyo and Shinjō.
Since the start of the revised timetable on 29 September 2012, all sixteen daily *Tsubasa* services run coupled with E2 series *Yamabiko* trains, allowing the maximum speed of all services to be raised from 240 km/h to 275 km/h.
From spring 2014, the entire fleet of fifteen E3-1000 and E3-2000 series sets used on *Tsubasa* services are scheduled to be reliveried in a new colour scheme designed by industrial designer Ken Okuyama. Three sets are scheduled to be repainted by June 2014, with the entire fleet of fifteen sets repainted by mid 2016.
From the start of the revised timetable on 16 March 2024, E8 series sets were introduced on *Tsubasa* services, progressively replacing the existing E3 series sets and allowing the maximum top speed to be increased from 275 to
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# Neolucanus castanopterus
***Neolucanus castanopterus*** is a beetle of the family Lucanidae.It is found in south and southeast Asia, including India and Thailand
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# Odontolabis castelnaudi
***Odontolabis castelnaudi*** is a beetle of the family Lucanidae. It is known from Borneo (Sabah, Malaysia) and Sumatra (Indonesia).
*Odontolabis castelnaudi* can grow to 90 mm in length. It is mostly black but has yellow wings sheaths
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# Odontolabis cuvera
***Odontolabis cuvera***, the **golden stag beetle**, is a beetle of the family Lucanidae, stag beetles.
## Etymology
The Latin species name *Cuvera* comes from a mythical king of riches (Kubera or \"Kuvera\") who lived in the Himalayas.
## List of subspecies {#list_of_subspecies}
- *Odontolabis cuvera alticola* Möllenkamp, 1902
- *Odontolabis cuvera boulouxi* Lacroix, 1984
- *Odontolabis cuvera cuvera* Hope, 1842 (Bhutan, India, Nepal)
- *Odontolabis cuvera fallaciosa* Boileau, 1901 (China, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam)
- *Odontolabis cuvera gestroi* Boileau, 1902 (India, Myanmar)
- *Odontolabis cuvera lunulata* Lacroix, 1984
- *Odontolabis cuvera mandibularis* Möllenkamp, 1909
- *Odontolabis cuvera sinensis* Westwood, 1848 (China)
## Description
*Odontolabis cuvera* can reach a length (mandibles included) of about 43 - in male, of about 41 - in females. Moreover, males have a conspicuously elongated and large pair of mandibles. The basic color of the body is black. Elytra have broad orange margins on the outer edge. The female closely resembles the male in coloration but it lacks long mandibles.
The remarkably disparity between male and females (sexual dimorphism) evolved through sexual selection for securing mating females. The males have also three morphological forms with variations in the size of their mandibles. These three alternative phenotypes (male trimorphism) in the types of male weapons are considered conditional reproductive strategies. In Lucanidae, there has only been two species described with this trimorphic characteristic as of 2017, with the other one being Dorcus rectus.
In the subspecies *Odontolabis cuvera sinensis* elytra are almost completely black, with a small orange border. These beetles can reach a length of about 80 mm.
## Life cycle {#life_cycle}
The females lay their eggs into leaf litter substrate and rotten wood. Larvae build their cave system and stay inside it, feeding for several years on rotting wood.
## Distribution
This beetle is native to southeast Asia and it is present in Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam.
## Gallery
<File:Odontolabis> cuvera India.jpg\|*Odontolabis cuvera* from Talakaveri, Coorg <File:Odontolabis> cuvera sinensis.JPG\|*Odontolabis cuvera sinensis*. A 65 mm long male. <File:Odontolabis> cuvera sjh.jpg\|*Odontolabis cuvera*. Adult from the Texas A&M University Insect Collection in College Station File: OdontolabisCuveraJBNHS.jpg\|*Odontolabis cuvera*. Illustration from the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
## Monograph
- Lacroix, J.-P., 1984 - *The Beetles of the World*, volume 4, Odontolabini I (Lucanidae) - Genera *Chalcodes*, *Odontolabis*, *Heterochtes*. 1984, 175 pg
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# Gean House
**Gean House**, or **The Gean**, is an early 20th-century Arts and Crafts style mansion, located on Tullibody Road, Alloa, Scotland. It was owned and used as a venue for events but has now been restored to a private residence since October 2018.
## Background
In November 1911, Alexander Forrester-Paton, of Inglewood House, Alloa, purchased 30 acre of land from the Earl of Mar and Kellie, for £6,220. His intention was to \"erect and complete in a satisfactory manner a Mansion House and relative Offices.\"
Alexander Forrester-Paton was the managing director of the Alloa-based firm of Patons, the family business founded by his grandfather to manufacture woollen yarn. Some 16 years earlier, Alexander had purchased land from the Earl to build his own family home at nearby Inglewood. Alexander Forrester-Paton also owned large estates in Clackmannanshire, and built several other buildings, such as Cowdenpark, where he lived.
Gean House was to be built as a wedding gift for Alexander\'s eldest son, also named Alexander, who worked in the family business. Plans were commissioned from William Kerr (1866--1940), partner in the local firm of John Melvin & Sons, an architect previously engaged to design Patons\' headquarters at Kilncraigs in Alloa.
The Gean House commission was not confined to the erection of one building. Kerr\'s task was to design and construct a mini-estate, including north, south and east lodges, a walled garden, glasshouses and a garage.
## Transport to Gean House {#transport_to_gean_house}
There are many paths going into forests all around the Gean House and can get right up to its fences. There is also a road that drives past the Gean House and there is various sub roads going up to the gean. [1](https://www.google.com/maps/place/Gean+House,+Alloa+FK10+2JX/@56.126268,-3.8111571,18z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m8!1m2!2m1!1sgean.+house!3m4!1s0x48887de96ff58803:0x669ab7a25758cc03!8m2!3d56.1261378!4d-3.8096001)
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# Gean House
## A contemporary design {#a_contemporary_design}
Completed in 1912, Kerr\'s design for Gean was greatly influenced by the work of English architect, Edwin Lutyens (1869--1944). Lutyen\'s early work marked the transition from the authoritative and imposing Victorian country house style to the softer, Arts and Crafts style of the Edwardian era, that sought to integrate houses and gardens into the landscape. There are therefore striking differences between the late Victorian design of Inglewood and the romantic, retro style chosen for Gean, despite being built only 12 years later.
Gean House bears all the hallmarks of Lutyen\'s romantic approach, deploying traditional materials and extensive planting. The steep roofs, tall chimneystacks and side entranceway at Gean are all notable Lutyen\'s features, as interpreted by Kerr. The design of Gean also reflects the prevalent changes in social and economic conditions. As jobs in factories and offices increasingly offered better pay, fewer hours and more independence, suitable domestic staff were becoming difficult to find. Servants therefore had to be tempted to work in country houses by ensuring that they were less arduous to run and offered improved standards of staff accommodation.
Modern, labour-saving, technology was therefore enthusiastically embraced at Gean including central heating, gas ignition coal fires and electric lighting. The service wing was designed to be very much part of the main house, with attractive, south facing, staff bedrooms overlooking the principal gardens. Only the higher sill levels of the service wing windows distinguish this section of the house.
Despite its modernity, Gean House incorporates many features to be found in country houses of earlier periods: the grand hall, complete with minstrels\' gallery, the timber-panelled dining room, the drawing room, the library and the billiard room. Inglenook fireplaces form a decorative feature throughout Gean, and a practical means of retaining fireside heat. Conservatories were no longer fashionable in Edwardian Britain, but loggias and Japanese-style gardens were very much in vogue and incorporated into the grand plan. A local firm, Robert Cairns of Alloa, was engaged to build Kerr\'s design. Gean House functioned as an affluent family home for fewer than 40 years.
## After the Patons {#after_the_patons}
Gean remained a Paton family residence until 1951, when it was donated to the Scottish Temperance Alliance for use as a conference and study centre. During the 1970s, both the north and south lodges and a policy field were sold off, and much of the parkland given to the local council. Despite raising money by dismembering the estate, the registered owners, The Gean House (Scottish Temperance Alliance) Limited, went into liquidation in 1979.
The house was sold to Donald Aarons, a Melbourne-based businessman in 1982, but remained boarded up and abandoned for a further seven years until it found new owners with ambitions to turn the house into an exclusive private hotel. A considerable investment was made in 1989 to partially restore the building and redress years of neglect. However, within a few years, the hotel business failed.
In 1999, Gean House was bought by an Alloa-based trust company, now known as Ceteris. The company fully restored the property as a venue for a wide range of business and social events. In October 2018, the property was purchased by local businessman and chairman of Alloa Athletic football club, Mike Mulraney. It was subsequently turned back into a private residence and is currently under further modernisation and restoration. Gean House is a category A listed building
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# Beverley Craven (album)
***Beverley Craven*** is the debut album by British singer-songwriter Beverley Craven, released in July 1990. The album was fully written by Craven herself and features her biggest hit single and signature song, \"Promise Me\".
## Background
Craven signed to Epic Records in 1988, and initially recorded the album with American producer Stewart Levine (of Simply Red fame). The initial results, however, were not of Craven\'s liking and, with the agreement of her label, she restarted from scratch working with Paul Samwell-Smith, who eventually produced the whole album. Levine\'s production of her songs were eventually released as b-sides to some of her singles, under the label \"West Coast Version\".
Released in July 1990, the album and its singles initially failed to reach the charts in the UK. She found however some success around continental Europe in 1990 and toured there to support the release. Craven made her first UK tour in early 1991, which was successful. In April 1991, the original lead single \"Promise Me\" was re-released, and this time it was heavily promoted. Appearances on British TV led to exposure of the single and it eventually peaked at #3 in the UK in May 1991, becoming her biggest hit.
On the back of the success of the single, the album re-entered the charts (it had previously charted at #53 in March 1991), and peaked at #3 in the UK. It spent almost a whole year in the UK charts. Craven\'s appearance at the 1992 Brit Awards (where she won the Best Newcomer award), propelled the album back into the UK top ten, at #7. The album eventually went double platinum in the UK and sold over 1.2 million copies worldwide.
## Single releases {#single_releases}
Six singles were released to promote the album. The first four singles, released in 1990, failed to chart. With the successful re-release of \"Promise Me\", previous singles were reissued as its follow-ups: \"Holding On\" (re-released in July 1991), and \"Woman to Woman\" (re-released in October 1991), both of which charted within the UK top 40. A new single, \"Memories\", was released in December 1991. In some countries of continental Europe, \"You\'re Not the First\" was also released as a single.
- \"Promise Me\" (1990/1991) UK #3
- \"Joey\" (1990)
- \"Woman to Woman\" (1990/1991) UK #40
- \"Holding On\" (1990/1991) UK #32
- \"You\'re Not the First\" (1991)
- \"Memories\" (1991) UK #68
## Track listing {#track_listing}
All songs written by Beverley Craven.
1. \"Promise Me\"
2. \"Holding On\"
3. \"Woman to Woman\"
4. \"Memories\"
5. \"Castle in the Clouds\"
6. \"You\'re Not the First\"
7. \"Joey\"
8. \"Two of a Kind\"
9. \"I Listen to the Rain\"
10
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| 0 |
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# Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering of Warsaw University of Technology
**Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering** (pl.: **Wydział Mechaniczny Energetyki i Lotnictwa**, **MEL**, **MEiL**) is located on the Central Campus of the Warsaw University of Technology. The Faculty consists of three organisation units: The Institute of Heat Engineering, the Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics and the Dean\'s Office.
## History
The Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering was created in 1960 by merging the Faculty of Aviation and the Faculty of Mechanics and Constructions. Władysław Fiszdon became the first dean of the new-created faculty. In the year 1970 the central government decided to extirpate the Polish aerospace industry, and due to this decision aviation courses were forbidden and the Faculty changed its name to the Wydział Mechaniczny Energetyki Cieplnej (Faculty of Mechanics and Power). In May 1970, the decision was canceled and the Faculty reverted to the old name.
Previous Deans:
- Janusz Frączek 2016--present
- Jerzy Banaszek 2008-2016
- Krzysztof Kędzior 2002-2008
- Tadeusz Rychter 1996-2002
- Andrzej Styczek 1990-1996
- Piotr Wolański 1987-1990
- Jacek Stupnicki 1984-1987
- Jerzy Maryniak 1978-1984
- Wiesław Łucjanek 1975-1978
- Marek Dietrich 1973-1975
- Roman Gutowski 1969-1973
- Piotr Orłowski 1967-1969
- Jan Oderfeld 1965-1967
- Zbigniew Brzoska 1963-1965
- Władysław Fiszdon 1960-1963
## Courses
- Aerospace Engineering
- Automatics and Robotics
- Mechanical Engineering
- Power Engineering
- Nuclear engineering
## Authorities
- Dean: Janusz Frączek, Ph.D., D.Sc.
- Vice-Dean for General Affairs: Artur Rusowicz, Ph.D., D.Sc.
- Vice-Dean for Teaching Affairs: Maciej Jaworski, Ph.D., D.Sc.
- Vice-Dean for Student Affairs: Marta Poćwierz, Ph.D., D.Sc
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# 93rd Illinois Infantry Regiment
The **93rd Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry** was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
## Service
The 93rd Illinois Infantry was mustered into state service at Chicago, Illinois and mustered into Federal service on October 13, 1862.
The regiment was mustered out on June 23, 1865, and discharged at Chicago, Illinois, on July 7, 1865.
## Total strength and casualties {#total_strength_and_casualties}
The regiment suffered 4 officers and 147 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 1 officer and 147 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 294 fatalities.
## Commanders
- Colonel Holden Putnam - killed November 25, 1863
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# Gleeson College
**Gleeson College** is a Catholic secondary school in Golden Grove, South Australia. The college is named after the late Emeritus Archbishop of Adelaide, James William Gleeson and the motto \"With one heart\" derives from his serving for 10 years (1971--1981) on the Pontifical Council Cor Unum (that is \"One Heart\").
The campus comprises three secondary schools, Gleeson, Golden Grove High School (State) and Pedare Christian College (Anglican / Uniting Church) linked by a central common resource area. Year 11 and 12 students are able to study at the other schools. This campus was visited by Federal Labor Leader Kevin Rudd immediately after his announcement of the current Labor education policy of creating shared facilities at close-together state, Catholic, and/or independent schools. This policy may have been encouraged by the success of the Golden Grove Secondary Campus. Its current principal is Joe Corbo.
## Campus
Located in the Golden Grove area, Gleeson College encompasses a variety of academic buildings that house classrooms, laboratories, libraries, administrative offices, and faculty rooms. These buildings serve as the primary spaces where students attend classes and engage in academic activities. Additionally, the campus has sports facilities, including a gymnasium, soccer pitch, and basketball/netball courts, catering to physical education classes, sports teams, and extracurricular activities.
In 2004, considerable building work took place, enlarging the Thomas Library into the former administrator\'s office (which was moved to its current location as mentioned above), enlarging the multimedia room (which is now just an ordinary computer room), and adding a room used for lectures and presentations.
It was intended that from the Year 2000, Gleeson would be an 8-12 school that maintained an enrolment close to 650 students. As of 2006, the enrolment number is close to 700 students, a limit imposed by the Catholic Education Office, which limits the size of schools to prevent excessive competition between neighboring Schools.
The college has three computer rooms in the school itself, as well as access to approximately seven rooms in Shared Facilities, and computers in all ordinary classrooms.
The new Micah Centre opened in 2020, purpose-designed Senior Learning Centre, a two-story facility, which features eight modern learning areas.
## One Plus Learning {#one_plus_learning}
The Shared Learning principle allows students to participate in courses that may involve students from all three schools (Gleeson College, Pedare College, and Golden Grove High). These courses are categorized as either \'Shared Learning VET\' or \'Shared Learning SACE.\' The courses are hosted by the most suitable teacher from the campus.
One+ also offers additional shared facilities and resources, including an Electronics Trade Training Centre, Science Labs, Design and Technology Centre, Music suite for recording and production, ICT and Multimedia Studios, Commercial training kitchen and dining room, Visual Arts Studio, three gyms, and a Performing Arts theatre.
## Motto
The motto of Gleeson College is *Cor Unum*, which is Latin for \"With One Heart\".
## House system {#house_system}
House Motto
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Damiani Motto \"Belong\" reflects a sense of community and unity within Damiani House, while \"Inspire\" represents the inspiration drawn from Jesus Christ in all aspects of learning and growth.
Fyfe \"Fearless in Faith\" encourages strength, courage, and fearlessness in spreading the Good News of Jesus Christ in today\'s secular world.
Hughes \"With Justice we Serve\" challenges us to strive for justice and serve others with unwavering courage.
McDonald Truth, Courage, and Unity guide McDonald House, encouraging the pursuit of truth, the development of leadership qualities, and a sense of unity and support among its members.
## Curriculum
The curriculum at Gleeson Colleges includes religious education, music, dance, drama, and visual arts, English, humanities and social sciences, mathematics, science, and technologies.
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# Gleeson College
## World Football Program {#world_football_program}
The World Football Specialist Program offers an opportunity for students who are interested in playing World Football. The program caters to both boys and girls.
## Links to schools in Japan {#links_to_schools_in_japan}
Gleeson College has hosted numerous long-term study exchanges for Japanese students from Kyoto Bunkyo High School, Kogakuin Junior High School, and Osaka Seiko High School. During their visits, these student groups engage in intensive English classes, along with regular academic subjects
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# Bad Cover Version
\"**Bad Cover Version**\" is a song by British rock band Pulp, from their 2001 album *We Love Life*. It was released 15 April 2002 as the second single from the album, charting at number 27 in the UK Singles Chart. It was the band\'s last single before their eight-year hiatus, which ended in 2011. CD1\'s B-sides appear as bonus tracks on the US release of *We Love Life*. The B-sides to CD2 are cover versions of Pulp songs performed by other artists.
## Background
\"Bad Cover Version\" began as an instrumental written by Pulp keyboardist Candida Doyle. Cocker then added lyrics; he recalled, \"I wrote the words at night, then went to bed, woke up in the morning and thought \'I bet they\'re really shit, them words.\' But then when I sang them they worked out alright\". Cocker later called it \"just a pop song\" but said that he felt it was \"quite emotional.\" The song\'s working title was \"Candy\'s Spectre.\"
## Lyrics
The song details the protagonist\'s belief that his former partner\'s current relationship is inferior to what she had with him. The latter part of the song is a list of things the narrator likens said relationship to, including The Rolling Stones since the 1980s, the TV adaptation of *Planet of the Apes*, and later episodes of *Tom and Jerry* where Tom and Jerry could talk.
Most notable is the reference to \"the second side of *\'Til the Band Comes In*\", a 1970 album by Scott Walker who produced \"Bad Cover Version\", along with the rest of the *We Love Life* album. *\'Til the Band Comes In* contains original songs on side 1, and mostly cover songs on side 2; Cocker explained, \"That record\'s always mystified me\... It\'s like he just kind of gets sick of the whole thing and gives up halfway through the record.\" Jarvis Cocker stated that the lyrics were written before he knew that Walker would be involved. He recalled,
## Release
According to Island Records\' Nigel Coxon, there was \"big debate\" over whether to release another single from *We Love Life*, given the relative under-performance of previous single \"Sunrise\"/\"The Trees\". He explained, \"\[The record company\] wants new stuff, to be fed new hits, all the time. It\'s just this overriding idea that Pulp are an old has-been\". Pulp did convince Island to release one more single, but the dispute resulted in a late release of April 2002.
In addition to non-album tracks \"Yesterday\" and \"Forever in My Dreams\", the single release featured on its B-side two covers of Pulp songs: Nick Cave\'s version of \"Disco 2000\" and Róisín Murphy\'s version of \"Sorted for E\'s & Wizz\". The single reached number 27 in the UK.
The cover for the single is similar to the cover of the David Bowie album *The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars*. The child on the cover is Pulp\'s guitarist Mark Webber.
## Video
The song\'s video features many celebrity lookalikes who gather in a West London studio to perform a \"tribute\" to Pulp, in a similar style to the video for Band Aid\'s \"Do They Know It\'s Christmas?\". All the lookalikes appear to perform their own lines in the style of the artists they are impersonating, with the exception of the Jarvis Cocker lookalike, who is miming to Cocker\'s vocal. Cocker himself appears in the video dressed as Brian May, playing the guitar note that ends the song. Kurt Cobain, who died in 1994, is the only impersonated artist who was not alive at the time of the song\'s release
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# Gosho Motoharu
**Gosho Motoharu** (*五所 元治*; 1919 -- October 27, 2012) was a prominent Japanese master of the martial arts, koryu budō or kobudō.
The Shihan (master), of the schools Niten Ichi Ryu (created by the famous rōnin Miyamoto Musashi) and Sekiguchi Ryu, Gosho Motoharu was awarded the rank of Menkyo kaiden, in both schools. He was also an iaido Hachidan (8th Dan) and kendo Nanadan (7th Dan).
Gosho Motoharu was a close disciple of the 8th Soke (headmaster) of the Niten Ichi Ryu and 14th Soke of Sekiguchi Ryu, master Aoki Kikuo. He was chosen by Aoki to be shihan and adjunct successor of both schools to ensure the teachings of the ryus to the future generations.
He was the headmaster of the Gosho-ha Hyoho Niten Ichi ryu, which was the only branch of the ryu to keep the teachings as they arrived the 20th century with Aoki. In 2007, his son, Yoshimochi Kiyoshi, succeeded Kiyonaga Fumiya, as 11th successor, at the request of the Kiyonaga family, and become the 12th successor (daijunidai seito shihan) of Hyoho Niten Ichi Ryu, reuniting the Gosho Ha and Seito (main) lineages.
## Biography
- 1919 --- Born in Oita-ken, Usa-shi
- 1929 --- Start learning budo.
- 1961 --- Receive the title of Shihan and Adjunct successor of the Kobudo schools Niten Ichi Ryu and Sekiguchi Ryu by their headmaster, Aoki Kikuo.
- 1966 --- Receive the grade of Kendo Kyoshi Nanadan (7th Dan)
- 1981 --- Represents the Niten Ichi Ryu in the official archive of the Nihon Budokan.
- 1983 --- Represents the Niten Ichi Ryu in Paris, in a demonstration broadcast by the NHK network in all Japan. In the same occasion gave classes on Niten Ichi Ryu to the French Police (by Nihon Budokan).
- 1986 --- Represents the Niten Ichi Ryu in Beijing and Shanghai (by Nihon Budokan).
- 1988 --- Represents the Niten Ichi Ryu in Australia in the commemoration of the national 200 years anniversary (by Nihon Budokan).
- 1989 --- Receive the title of Iaido Hanshi Hachidan.
- 2004 --- Requested by other masters of the Niten Ichi Ryu, founds the Gosho-ha Hyoho Niten Ichi ryu, to preserve the original teachings of the school.
- 2006 --- Writes the presentation of the Brazilian edition of Miyamoto Musashi\'s Book of Five Rings (Gorin No Sho)
- 2007 --- By request of the Ōita Kendo Association, the main lineage of the school is reestablished at Usa. His son, Kiyoshi Yoshimoti becomes the 12th successor of Niten Ichi Ryu.
- 2012 --- Died in October 27, 2012 at Ōita, Japan, at the age of 93 years.
Shihan Gosho transmitted the original teachings of Hyoho Niten Ichi Ryu to the masters Kiyoshi Yoshimoti, Ishii Toyozumi, Shigematsu Isao, and Jorge Kishikawa
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# Odontolabis femoralis
***Odontolabis femoralis*** is a beetle of the Family Lucanidae. It lives in Indonesia.
## List of subspecies {#list_of_subspecies}
- *Odontolabis femoralis femoralis* Waterhouse, 1887
- *Odontolabis femoralis kinabaluensis* Möllenkamp, 1904
- *Odontolabis femoralis waterstradti* Von Rothenburg, 1900
## Monograph
- Lacroix, J.-P., 1984 - *The Beetles of the World*, volume 4, Odontolabini I (Lucanidae) - Genera *Chalcodes*, *Odontolabis*, *Heterochtes*.[1](https://web.archive.org/web/20100807063853/http://www.insects.demon.co.uk/cm/cm-4-english
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# Chassis cab
A **chassis cab**, also called a **cab chassis** or **half truck**, is a type of vehicle construction, often found in medium duty truck commercial vehicles.
Instead of supplying the customer with a factory pre-assembled flatbed, cargo container, or other equipment, the customer is given the vehicle with just chassis rails and a cab. This allows the customer to add any desired aftermarket equipment, such as fire apparatus, ambulance, or a recreational vehicle conversion package, which can be customized for the specific needs of the customer.
Cutaway van chassis are similar vehicles, but have specific components at the rear`{{Explain|date=October 2023}}`{=mediawiki} whereas chassis cabs usually do not have additional components.
Vehicles of this type are produced by Ford, Chevrolet/GMC, and Ram Trucks.
## History
A number of 1950s cars were supplied as chassis cabs for coachbuilders to convert into hearses, ambulances, shooting brakes. Austin Motors produced the Austin Sheerline and Austin Princess model in chassis cab configuration
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# Gilbert Laws (sailor)
**Gilbert Umfreville Laws** (6 January 1870 -- 3 December 1918) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was the helmsman of the British boat *Dormy*, which won the gold medal in the 6 metre class
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# David Moore (cricket coach)
**David John Arthur Moore** (born 16 October 1964 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia) is a former Australian state cricketer. He played as a wicketkeeper for New South Wales. An ACB Level Three accredited coach, Moore was appointed the head coach of the New South Wales (NSW) women\'s side in 2001, leading the team to victory in the Women\'s National Cricket League.
He was also coach of the Balmain Cricket Club in Sydney.
As a cricketer, he represented NSW at all levels, from colts to Sheffield Shield between 1983 and 1989. His state under-19 teammates included Steve and Mark Waugh, Mark Taylor, Gavin Robertson and Brad McNamara.
A wicket-keeper, Moore played first-grade cricket in Sydney with the St George and Waverley Cricket Clubs between 1984 and 1993, making his first-class debut in 1986--87.
In 2002 David Moore was appointed as senior coach of the Commonwealth Bank Cricket Academy (CBCA). Working alongside the likes of Bennett King and Troy Cooley. He later worked with King as assistant coach of the West Indies. He also formed a close coaching partnership at NSW level with the highly regarded Steve Thomlinson.
On 3 May 2007 it was confirmed that Moore would be head coach of the West Indies replacing his former boss Bennett King for the tour of England. He is appointed as a head of program of Bangladesh cricket board in 2023
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# Actias ningpoana
***Actias ningpoana***, the **Chinese moon moth**, is a species of moth in the family Saturniidae. The species was first described by father-and-son entomologists Cajetan and Rudolf Felder in 1862. It is quite large, and has long, curved, hindwing tails. There are many congeners across Asia; the Luna moth (*A. luna*) of eastern Canada and the United States is a close relative.
## Taxonomy
The taxon *ningpoana* Felder & Felder had been regarded as a subspecies of *Actias selene* until recently [1](http://tpittaway.tripod.com/silk/a_sel.htm) and was elevated to species level in Ylla et al. (2005).
## Range
- China (Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Hainan, Sichuan, Yunnan) (Zhu & Wang, 1996)
- Russia (far east) (Zolotuhin & Chuvilin, 2009)
- India - Western Ghats
## Life cycle {#life_cycle}
### Larva
Usually very fleshy with clumps of raised bristles.
### Pupa
The pupa develops in a silken cocoon or in the soil.
### Adult
Lacking functional mouthparts, the adult lifespan is measured in days. They have small heads, densely hairy bodies, and can have a wingspan ranging from 13 to 15 centimeters.
## Host plants {#host_plants}
In Hong Kong, *A. ningpoana* has been reared on camphor (*Cinnamomum camphora*) (Hill et al
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# Don Lang (third baseman)
**Donald Charles Lang** (March 15, 1915 -- September 1, 2010) was a third baseman in Major League Baseball who played for the Cincinnati Reds (1938) and St. Louis Cardinals(1948). Born in Selma, California, he batted and threw right-handed.
Listed at 6 ft and 175 lb, Lang had a 12-season baseball career between 1936 and 1950 which was interrupted by serving to his country during World War II (Pacific, 1943--45), while property of the Boston Red Sox. He played 10 seasons in the minors, including nine of Triple-A ball, and two in major league ten years apart.
Lang entered in the majors in 1938, appearing in 25 games with the Cincinnati Reds. In 1948 he became the everyday third baseman for the St. Louis Cardinals due to a career-ending injury to incumbent Whitey Kurowski.
In 138 major league games, Lang posted a .268 batting average (100-for-373) with five home runs and 42 RBI, including 35 runs, 17 doubles, two triples and a .355 on-base percentage
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# Moving August
***Moving August*** is a 2002 American comedy film directed by Christopher Fink and starring Eddie McClintock, Sarah Wynter, Josh Holloway, and Alexandra Adi.
## Plot
The pretty and quirky interior designer Michelle Kelly (Sarah Wynter) has convinced her struggling photographer boyfriend, August Loder (Eddie McClintock) to finally move in with her. On the same morning they\'re moving August out, the girl moving in mistakenly arrives to move in\... she\'s a hot looking free-spirit named Hunter (Alexandra Adi) and August falls in love with her at first sight. August and Hunter decide to help each other move in and out. Throughout the day, their two very outrageous groups of friends tangle through conflicts and sex while August tries to decide which girl he wants to be with before it\'s too late.
## Cast
- Eddie McClintock . . . . . . August Loder
- Sarah Wynter . . . . . . Michelle Kelly
- Josh Holloway . . . . . . Loren Carol
- Alexandra Adi . . . . . . Hunter Davis
- Brenda Bakke . . . . . . Ginny Forster
- Todd Tesen . . . . . . Joe Peck
- Gavin Perry . . . . . . Adam Loder
- Christopher Fink . . . . . . Shopping Cart Guy
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# Charles Crichton (sailor)
**Charles William Harry Crichton** (7 July 1872 -- 8 November 1958) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the British boat *Dormy*, which won the gold medal in the 6 metre class
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# Barbara Buckley
**Barbara Buckley** (born November 23, 1960, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American attorney and Democratic Party politician who served as a member of the Nevada Assembly, representing Clark County District 8 from 1994 to 2011. She served as Assembly Speaker from 2007 to 2011, the first woman in Nevada history to serve as Speaker. She also served as Majority Leader of the Assembly from 2001 to 2007. Recently enacted term limits prevented Buckley from seeking re-election in the 2010 elections. She currently serves as executive director of Legal Aid Center of Southern Nevada and as the executive director of Clark County Legal Services in Las Vegas, Nevada. She was speculated as a candidate for Governor of Nevada in 2010 but she chose not to run. She considered running in 2014 but again declined to do so, saying that \"I am not getting back into the political world\".
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Buckley received a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in 1986 and a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from the University of Arizona in 1989.
Buckley is married to Chan Kendrick and together they have two children named Aiden and Ford
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# James Rolfe (composer)
**James Simon Rolfe** (born 1961) is a Canadian composer of contemporary music.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Rolfe was born in Ottawa, Ontario. He studied composition with John Beckwith at the University of Toronto and Jo Kondo in Japan.
## Career
Rolfe was the President of the Canadian League of Composers (2007--11) and has won awards for his music, most recently the 2006 Jules Léger Prize for New Chamber Music and the 2009 SOCAN Jan V. Matejcek New Classical Music Award. Rolfe lives in Toronto with his wife Juliet Palmer, who is also a composer.
## Operas
Although Rolfe\'s chamber, vocal, orchestral, and piano works are widely performed, he has become most noted for his operas. *Beatrice Chancy*, an opera set in Nova Scotia during the 19th century (libretto by George Elliott Clarke), was produced in 1998 by Toronto\'s Queen of Puddings Music Theatre Company and was subsequently filmed for television by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation in 2000. Rolfe has since composed the children\'s opera *Elijah's Kite* (libretto by Camyar Chai), which explores bullying among children, and was co-produced by Tapestry New Opera Works and the Manhattan School of Music in New York City in 2006; *Rosa* (libretto by Camyar Chai), produced by Tapestry in Toronto in 2004; *Swoon* (libretto by Anna Chatterton), produced by the Canadian Opera Company in 2006; *Orpheus and Euridice* in 2003 (libretto by André Alexis) and *Aeneas and Dido* in 2007 (libretto by André Alexis). The last two works were both commissioned and produced by Toronto Masque Theatre as companion pieces to Marc-Antoine Charpentier\'s *Descent of Orpheus to the Underworld* and Henry Purcell\'s *Dido and Aeneas*. In February 2009 Rolfe\'s opera *Inês* (with libretto by Paul Bentley) was produced and performed in Toronto by the Queen of Puddings Music Theatre Company. Based on the story of the 14th century Galician Inês de Castro, it featured fado singer Inês Santos as the lead character. Rolfe is currently composing a new opera for the Canadian Opera Company with librettist Anna Chatterton.
## Awards
- Guggenheim Fellowship (2000)
- K. M
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# Hillfort of Otzenhausen
The Celtic **hill fort of Otzenhausen** is one of the biggest fortifications the Celts ever constructed. It was built by Gauls of the Treveri tribe, who lived in the region north of the fort. The fort is located on top of the *Dollberg*, a hill near Otzenhausen in Germany, about 695 m above sea level. The only visible remains are two circular earth ramparts, covered with stones.
## History
In times of war, the circular rampart was a strong fortification against enemies. Theories suggest this one might have been more than just a refuge. There might have been a permanent settlement, a village or the seat of a local leader.
The first fortification was constructed in the 5th or 4th century BC, but the real heyday of construction dates to the 2nd and 1st century BC. For reasons yet unknown, the fort was abandoned shortly after this expansion.
## Description
The site is formed in the shape of a triangle with rounded ends. One rampart surrounds the whole fort. On the southern side, another similar embankment is built about 40 metres in front of the main one. The ends of this outer rampart approach the main one but do not touch it. Because the entrance of the main rampart is located on the western side, no significant purpose for the outer one has been determined. From west to east the fort extends 460 m, from north to south 647 m. The total length of the ramparts is 2500 metres and they contain 240,000 cubic metres of stone. Thousands of beams were attached to the ramparts which, as the diagram shows, probably presented a vertical stone wall to the exterior.
Julius Caesar describes such ramparts in Book seven, chapter 23 of his *Commentaries on the Gallic War*:
> But this is usually the form of all the Gallic walls. Straight beams, connected lengthwise and two feet distant from each other at equal intervals, are placed together on the ground; these are mortised on the inside, and covered with plenty of earth. But the intervals which we have mentioned, are closed up in front by large stones. These being thus laid and cemented together, another row is added above, in such a manner that the same interval may be observed, and that the beams may not touch one another, but equal spaces intervening, each row of beams is kept firmly in its place by a row of stones. In this manner the whole wall is consolidated, until the regular height of the wall be completed. This work, with respect to appearance and variety, is not unsightly, owing to the alternate rows of beams and stones, which preserve their order in right lines; and, besides, it possesses great advantages as regards utility and the defence of cities; for the stone protects it from fire, and the wood from the battering ram, since it (the wood) being mortised in the inside with rows of beams, generally forty feet each in length, can neither be broken through nor torn asunder.
On the western side, there was a gateway, build of wood, standing on eight posts. This gateway was double-winged and 6 m wide. A central post divided the gateway into two gates of 2.5 m each. The wooden posts sunk into the holes of the gatepost were wedged with stones. Broken rock on the ground prevented the earth from being washed away.
Perhaps there was a second gate on the eastern side, but its existence is not yet proven.
From other examples of Celtic forts, it is known that the gateway presumably was a canopied wooden battlement. Because this gateway is built to the inner side of the wall, the ends of the wall and the battlement form a small square, which can be attacked from three sides without leaving cover.
Important for the use of the fort is the existence of a spring on the top of the Dollberg. This spring is a result of the impermeable quartzite the ground consists of.
Holes in the ground, sockets for the wooden posts, prove the existence of buildings. It is unknown whether the buildings\' purpose was accommodation or storage.
## Aftermath
In the Roman times a small temple of 2.15 x 2.70 metres, dating to the 2nd or 3rd century A.D. was built of quartzite rubble stone and brick-shaped sandstone. When Germanic tribes invaded the Roman territories in 4th century A.D, the fort was used again.
During the Thirty Years War (1618--1648) the inhabitants of the surrounding villages again took refuge in the remains of the Celtic fort.
The first documented appearance of the circular ramparts occurred within the Grimburger Salbuch, a geological register of 1589, the first picture of the enclosure in the Gazette de Metz from 1836.
The same year, Count Villers von Burgesch addressed a petition to the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm III to bar the inhabitants of the nearby villages to carry off stones for use as building material. Reacting to this petition the Crown Prince, later King Friedrich Wilhelm IV visited the fort in 1837.
Excavations took place in 1883 and from 1936 to 1939.
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# Hillfort of Otzenhausen
## Present
The site can be visited all year round, but is without access for handicapped persons. Three information paths lead through the fort:
- A multilingual (D, GB, F, NL) illustrated archaeological information path leads to the most interesting sites of the fortification.
- There is also an adventure and experience path for children with 9 stations.
- The European Path of Sculptures \"Cerda&Celtoi\" is inspired by Celtic art and culture. The 18 sculptures connect the modern art center of the Europäische Akademie Otzenhausen with the historic center \"Hunnenring\".
Since 1999 the Terrex GmbH organizes excavations in and around the fortification.
Today the whole area, with the exception of the stone circles, is covered by woods
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# Yasiin Bey discography
The discography of Yasiin Bey (formerly known as **Mos Def**), an American rapper, consists of five solo studio albums, five collaborative studio albums, four compilation albums, one extended play, and 29 singles (11 as a featured artist). In 1994, Bey began his hip hop career in the underground rap group, UTD (Urban Thermo Dynamics), alongside his sibling group members DCQ and Ces, after which he pursued a solo career. In 1998, he made his mainstream debut on Rawkus Records in the duo Black Star, with rapper Talib Kweli. \"Definition\", the lead single from Black Star\'s self-titled debut album, reached No. 60 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and No. 3 on the Hot Rap Singles chart.
In 1999, Yasiin Bey released his solo debut album *Black on Both Sides*, which was certified Gold in the US and featured the singles \"Ms. Fat Booty\", which reached No. 20 on the US *Billboard* Hot Rap Singles chart, and \"Umi Says\", which reached No. 60 on the UK Singles Chart. Bey performed on several compilations from Rawkus Records and other independent compilation albums. Among them was the single \"Oh No\" with Pharaohe Monch and Nate Dogg which reached No. 83 on the Hot 100 and No. 1 on the Hot Rap Singles. In 2001, his single \"Jam on It\" from *Underground Airplay Version 1.0* reached No. 23 on the Hot Rap Tracks. In 2002, he appeared on the track \"Brown Sugar (Extra Sweet)\" on the soundtrack to the film *Brown Sugar*. Featuring Faith Evans, \"Brown Sugar (Extra Sweet)\" reached No. 95 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
In 2004, Yasiin Bey released his second solo album *The New Danger*, in which he experimented with other genres such as rock and R&B. The single \"Sex, Love & Money\" reached No. 90 on the R&B chart. Later the same year saw the release of UTD album *Manifest Destiny* under the independent label Illsion Media, run by Bey\'s brother and fellow group member DCQ. The album featured a compilation of previously unreleased and re-released tracks recorded during the original UTD run. Bey\'s third solo album, *Tru3 Magic*, was released in 2006 to very little hype. Its single \"Undeniable\" charted only on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Sales chart but was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance in 2007.
Yasiin Bey\'s fourth solo album *The Ecstatic* was released in 2009 on Downtown Records with distribution by Universal Records. His fifth album *Negus* was exclusively premiered during Art Basel in Hong Kong on March 29, 2019. According to a press release, it will never receive a physical or digital release but will be displayed at sound installations around the world.
In April 2022, a release date for the long-awaited Black Star project was officially announced. The album titled *No Fear of Time* was released via Luminary on May 3, 2022. In 2024, Bey announced an extended play *Money Christmas*, his first solo project in five years. It debuted on December 15 as a pay-per-view livestream on Bandcamp, and is set to release on March 15 the following year. Also, the same month the EP was released, Bey announced a new project with the Alchemist titled *Forensics*, which premiered on February 7 with a pay-per-view Bandcamp livestream, and it set to release on March 28.
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# Yasiin Bey discography
## Albums
### Studio albums {#studio_albums}
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | | |
+=======================================================================================+================================================+======================+======+=========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================+
| US\ | US\ | US\ | AUS\ | CAN\ |
| | R&B\ | Rap\ | | Peak positions in Canada: |
| | | | | |
| | | | | - \"The New Danger\": |
| | | | | - \"The Ecstatic\": `{{cite magazine|title=Mos Def Chart History: Canadian Albums|url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/mos-def/chart-history/cna/|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|accessdate=June 28, 2020}}`{=mediawiki} |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| *Black on Both Sides* | - Released: October 12, 1999 | 25 | 3 | --- |
| | - Label: Rawkus, Universal | | | |
| | - Format: CD, LP, cassette, digital download | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| *The New Danger* | - Released: October 12, 2004 | 5 | 2 | 1 |
| | - Label: Rawkus, Geffen | | | |
| | - Format: CD, LP, digital download | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| *True Magic* | - Released: December 29, 2006 | 77 | 25 | 12 |
| | - Label: Geffen | | | |
| | - Format: CD | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| *The Ecstatic* | - Released: June 9, 2009 | 9 | 5 | 2 |
| | - Label: Downtown | | | |
| | - Format: CD, LP, digital download | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| *Negus* | - Released: November 15, 2019 | --- | --- | --- |
| | - Label: self-released | | | |
| | - Format: Sound installation | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| \"---\" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+----------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
: List of albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
### Collaborative albums {#collaborative_albums}
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Title | Details | Chart positions |
+=========================================+======================================+=================+
| US\ | US\ | |
| | R&B\ | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Mos Def & Talib Kweli Are Black Star*\ | - Released: September 29, 1998 | 53 |
| (with Talib Kweli as Black Star) | - Label: Rawkus, Priority | |
| | - Format: CD, digital download, LP | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Manifest Destiny*\ | - Released: October 26, 2004 | --- |
| (with UTD) | - Label: Illson Media | |
| | - Format: CD, digital download, LP | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *December 99th*\ | - Released: 2016 | --- |
| (with Ferrari Sheppard, as Dec 99th) | - Label: A Country Called Earth | |
| | - Format: CD, digital download, LP | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *No Fear of Time*\ | - Released: May 3, 2022 | --- |
| (with Talib Kweli as Black Star) | - Label: Luminary | |
| | - Format: streaming | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
| *Forensics*\ | - To be released: TBA | --- |
| (with The Alchemist) | - Label: ALC | |
| | - Format: streaming | |
+-----------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-----------------+
### Compilation albums {#compilation_albums}
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| Title | Details |
+=============================================+==============================+
| *We Are Hip-Hop: Me, You, Everybody* | - Released: 2002 |
| | - Label: Sattan |
| | - Format: CD |
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| *Mos Definite* | - Released: April 20, 2007 |
| | - Label: Frequent |
| | - Format: CD |
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| *We Are Hip-Hop: Me, You, Everybody, Pt. 2* | - Released: 2008 |
| | - Label: Sattan |
| | - Format: CD |
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
| *Audio 3* | - Released: 2008 |
| | - Label: Oarfin |
| | - Format: CD |
+---------------------------------------------+------------------------------+
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# Yasiin Bey discography
## Extended plays {#extended_plays}
+-------------------+------------------------------------+
| Title | Details |
+===================+====================================+
| *Money Christmas* | - To be released: March 15, 2025 |
| | - Label: Self-released |
| | - Format: Streaming |
+-------------------+------------------------------------+
## Singles
### Solo
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| Title | Year | Chart positions | | |
+=========================================================+=========+=================+==============================================+=====+
| US\ | US R&B\ | US Rap\ | UK\ | |
| Bub.\ | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Universal Magnetic\" | 1997 | --- | ---`{{ref label|R&BBubbling|A}}`{=mediawiki} | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Ms. Fat Booty\" / \"Mathematics\" | 1999 | --- | 54 | 20 |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Umi Says\" | | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Brown Sugar (Extra Sweet)\" \[featuring Faith Evans\] | 2002 | --- | 95 | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Sex, Love & Money\" | 2004 | --- | 90 | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Close Edge\" | | --- | 44`{{ref label|sales|B}}`{=mediawiki} | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Ghetto Rock\" | | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Sunshine\" | 2005 | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Undeniable\" | 2006 | --- | 31`{{ref label|sales|B}}`{=mediawiki} | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Life in Marvelous Times\" | 2008 | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Quiet Dog Bite Hard\" | 2009 | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| \"Casa Bey\" | | --- | --- | --- |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
| | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+----------------------------------------------+-----+
- **A.** `{{note|R&BBubbling}}`{=mediawiki} Charted only on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, a 25-song extensions of the original Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.
- **B.** `{{note|sales}}`{=mediawiki} Charted only on the Hot Singles Sales or Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Sales charts.
### Collaborative singles {#collaborative_singles}
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| Title | Year | Chart positions | |
+=====================================================+======+=================+=====+
| US\ | US\ | US\ | UK\ |
| | R&B\ | Rap\ | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Body Rock\" (with Tash & Q-Tip) | 1998 | --- | 65 |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Definition\" (with Talib Kweli) | | 60 | 31 |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Respiration\" (with Talib Kweli featuring Common) | 1999 | --- | 54 |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Oh No\" (with Pharoahe Monch featuring Nate Dogg) | 2000 | 83 | 22 |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Black Iz Back\" (with Mau Maus) | | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
| \"Sensei on the Block\" (with Ski Beatz) | 2015 | --- | --- |
+-----------------------------------------------------+------+-----------------+-----+
- **A.** `{{note|sales}}`{=mediawiki} Charted only on the Hot Singles Sales or Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Sales charts.
### As featured artist {#as_featured_artist}
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| Title | Year | Chart positions | |
+==================================================+=========+=================+=======================================+
| US\ | US R&B\ | US Rap\ | US Alt\ |
| Bub.\ | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"The Love Song\"\ | 1996 | 17 | 66 |
| (Da Bush Babees featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Bullshittin\' (B.S.\'n\...)\"\ | 1998 | --- | 101 |
| (N\'Dea Davenport featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Travellin\' Man\"\ | | 13 | 76 |
| (DJ Honda featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"B-Boy Document\"\ | 1999 | --- | 63 |
| (The High & Mighty featuring Mos Def and Skillz) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"A Brighter Day\"\ | | --- | 54`{{ref label|sales|A}}`{=mediawiki} |
| (Ronny Jordan featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Six Days (Remix)\"\ | 2002 | --- | 38`{{ref label|sales|A}}`{=mediawiki} |
| (DJ Shadow featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Wylin\' Out\" (with Diverse and Prefuse 73) | | --- | 65 |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Wanna B Where U R (Thisizzaluvsong)\"\ | 2003 | --- | 116 |
| (Floetry featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Bin Laden\"\ | 2005 | --- | --- |
| (Immortal Technique featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Magnetic Arts\"\ | 2009 | --- | --- |
| (DJ Honda featuring Mos Def) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
| \"Stylo\"\ | 2010 | 3 | --- |
| (Gorillaz featuring Mos Def and Bobby Womack) | | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------+---------------------------------------+
- **A.** `{{note|sales}}`{=mediawiki} Charted only on the Hot Singles Sales or Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Sales charts.
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# Yasiin Bey discography
## Other appearances {#other_appearances}
Year Song Artist(s) Album
------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
1996 \"Intro\" Da Bush Babees *Gravity*
\"S.O.S.\"
\"Big Brother Beat\" De La Soul \"Stakes Is High\"
\"Stakes Is High (Remix)\" \[also featuring Truth Enola)\] \"Itzsoweezee (HOT)\"
\"Shinjiro\" DJ Krush *MiLight*
1997 \"Light (Can You See It?)\" *Holonic-The Self Megamix*
\"BMT\" Towa Tei, Biz Markie *Sound Museum*
\"If You Can Huh\...\" *Soundbombing*
1998 \"Crying at Airports (Shawn J. Period Remix)\" Whale \"Four Big Speakers\"
\"World Famous\" Funkmaster Flex *The Mixtape Volume 3: 60 Minutes of Funk, The Final Chapter*
\"Rock Rock Y\'all\" A Tribe Called Quest, Punchline, Wordsworth and Jane Doe *The Love Movement*
1999 \"Double Trouble\" The Roots *Things Fall Apart*
\"Next Universe\" *Soundbombing II*
\"Cross Town Beef\" Medina Green, DCQ
\"Tinseltown to the Boogiedown\" Scritti Politti *Anomie & Bonhomie*
\"If It\'s Alright Y\'all\" Brixx *Superrappin: The Album*
\"Foundation\" DJ Honda *h 2000*
\"All Praises Due\" A.D.L.I.B. *Urban Renewal: Word on the Street*
2000 \"Saturday Nite\" (J Dilla Remix) Brand New Heavies *Delicious Vinyl Presents\... Prime Cuts Vol. 1*
\"Hurricane\" Common, Black Thought, Dice Raw, Flo Brown, Jazzyfatnastees *The Hurricane (soundtrack)*
\"Eve\" Spacek \"Eve\"
\"You (Feel Good Remix)\" Samuel Christian *Black and White (soundtrack)*
\"On My Own\" The Black Eyed Peas, Les Nubians *Bridging the Gap*
\"A Tree Never Grown\" A.L., Fre, Grafh, Invincible, J-Live, Jane Doe, Kofi Taha, Rubix, Tame One & Wordsworth *Hip Hop for Respect*
\"One Four Love Pt. 2\" Cappadonna, Channel Live, Crunch Lo, Rock, Shyheim & Wise Intelligent
\"What\'s That? (¿Que Eso?)\" Tony Touch, De La Soul *The Piece Maker*
\"The Questions\" Common *Like Water for Chocolate*
\"I\'ve Committed Murder (Gang Starr Remix)\" Macy Gray, Gang Starr *Lyricist Lounge 2*
\"Ms. Fat Booty 2\" Ghostface Killah
\"Can U C the Pride in the Panther\" (Male/Female Version) 2Pac *The Rose That Grew from Concrete*
\"Love Rain (Remix)\" Jill Scott *Who Is Jill Scott?: Words and Sounds, Vol. 1*
2001 \"Do Your Best\" Femi Kuti *Fight to Win*
\"Jam on It\" DJ Spinbad *Underground Airplay Version 1.0*
\"Bounce\" DJ Hasebe *Hey World*
\"Reminisce\" Bilal, Common *1st Born Second*
\"Get Ta Steppin\'\" Hi-Tek, Vina Mojica *Hi-Teknology*
\"Street Sounds\" Charlie Hunter Quartet *Songs from the Analog Playground*
\"Creole\"
\"My Nutmeg Phantasy\" Macy Gray, Angie Stone *The Id*
2002 \"Seven Days (DJ Premier Remix)\" Craig David \"Seven Days\"
\"Breakdown\" *Brown Sugar (soundtrack)*
\"Brown Sugar (Fine)\" Adaritha
\"I Against I\" Massive Attack *Blade II (soundtrack)*
\"Freak Daddy\" *Soundbombing III*
\"Mujuo\" Toshinobu Kubota *United Flow*
2003 \"On the Run\" Mark Ronson, M.O.P. *Here Comes the Fuzz*
\"Guess You Didn\'t Love Me\" Terri Walker *Untitled*
2004 \"Two Words\" Kanye West, Freeway, Harlem Boys Choir *The College Dropout*
\"Living for Today\" Toshinobu Kubota *Time to Share*
\"She Wants to Move (Native Tongues Remix)\" N\*E\*R\*D, Common, De La Soul, Q-Tip \"Maybe\"
\"Beauty in the Dark (Groove with You)\" The Isley Brothers *Taken to the Next Phase (Reconstructions)*
2005 \"T.I.M.E.\" Scratch Perverts, Black Thought, Stephanie McKay *Fabric Big Issue CD*
\"Victory\" K-Salaam, Sizzla *The World Is Ours*
\"Love It or Leave It Alone\" Alicia Keys, Common *Unplugged*
\"Yo-Yo-Yo (Street)\" Medina Green \"Yo-Yo-Yo (Street)\"
2006 \"The Corner (Remix)\" Scarface, Common *My Homies Part 2*
\"Superstar\" Ge-ology *Facets*
\"Where We At\" Jurassic 5 *Feedback*
\"Here Comes the Champ\" Dan the Automator, Anwar Superstar *Dan the Automator Presents 2K7*
\"We Get Down\" Hi-Tek, Bootsy Collins, Raphael Saadiq *Hi-Teknology²: The Chip*
\"Let It Go\" Little Brother & DJ Drama *Separate but Equal*
2007 \"Hey Baby\" Stephen Marley *Mind Control*
\"Drunk and Hot Girls\" Kanye West *Graduation*
\"Good Night\"
\"Brooklyn in My Mind\" 9th Wonder, Jean Grae, Memphis Bleek *The Dream Merchant Vol. 2*
\"D.A.N.C.E. (Benny Blanco Remix)\" Justice, Spank Rock *†*
2008 \"No Particular Place to Go\" *Cadillac Records: Music from the Motion Picture*
\"Rising Down\" The Roots, Styles P, Dice Raw *Rising Down*
2009 \"America\" K\'naan, Chali 2na *Troubadour*
\"Mountain Sunlight\" Jazz Liberatorz *Fruit of the Past*
\"On the Vista\" BlakRoc *BlakRoc*
\"Ain\'t Nothing Like You (Hoochie Coo)\"
2010 \"Sweepstakes\" Gorillaz, Hypnotic Brass Ensemble *Plastic Beach*
\"New York Is Killing Me (Remix)\" Gil Scott-Heron ?
\"Sweetest Fruit\" Baraka Blue *SoundHeart*
\"Breakfast\" Curren\$y *Pilot Talk*
\"The Day\" (also featuring Jay Electronica)
\"Prowler 2\" (also featuring Jean Grae, Jay Electronica & Joell Ortiz) Ski Beatz rowspan=\"4\" `{{n/a}}`{=mediawiki}
\"Arials\" (also featuring Curren\$y, Whosane, Terri Walker & Stalley)
\"Cream of the Planet\"
\"Taxi\" (also featuring Whosane)
\"Lord Lord Lord\" (also featuring Swizz Beatz, Raekwon & Charlie Wilson) Kanye West G.O.O.D. Fridays
\"Don\'t Look Down\" (also featuring Lupe Fiasco & Big Sean)
2012 \"Black Radio\" Robert Glasper *Black Radio*
\"It Ain\'t My Fault\" Preservation Hall, Trombone Shorty, Allen Toussaint *St. Peter and 57th Street*
\"The Very Best\" Dee-1, Mannie Fresh *Save the Children*
2013 \"Freedom Is Everyone\'s Job\" Preservation *Old Numbers*
\"They Die By Dawn and Other Short Stories\" The Bullitts, Lucy Liu, Jay Electronica *They Die By Dawn (And Other Short Stories)*
2015 \"Back Home\" ASAP Rocky, ASAP Yams, Acid *At. Long. Last. ASAP*
\"Never Die\" Golden Rules *Golden Ticket*
2016 \"Give It Up Today (If I Ruled the World)\" Tara Maq, K\'naan, Tink *Chi-Star*
\"R.E.D.\" A Tribe Called Red *We Are the Halluci Nation*
2017 \"Buy My App\" Denmark Vessey & Azarias *Buy My Drugs*
2018 \"Kids See Ghosts\" Kids See Ghosts *Kids See Ghosts*
2019 \"Education\" MadGibbs, Black Thought *Bandana*
\"Treal\" Robert Glasper *Fuc Yo Feelings*
2020 \"Breathe\" Navy Blue *Song of Sage: Post Panic!*
2022 "Stars" J.I.D *The Forever Story*
2024 \"Space\" Hypnotic Brass Ensemble *Hypnotic Joints, Vol. 2*
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# Yasiin Bey discography
## Videos
- 1994: *Manifest Destiny* (Urban Thermo Dynamics)
- 1996: *The Love Song* (Da Bush Babees featuring Mos Def)
- 1998: *Travellin\' Man* (DJ Honda featuring Mos Def)
- 1998: *Body Rock* (Mos Def, Q-Tip & Tash)
- 1998: *Definition* (Black Star)
- 1999: *Respiration* (Black Star featuring Common)
- 1999: *Tinseltown to the Boogiedown* (Scritti Politti featuring Mos Def & Lee Majors)
- 1999: *B-Boy Document \'99* (The High & Mighty featuring Mos Def & Skillz)
- 1999: *Ms
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# Doug O'Neill
**Douglas F. O\'Neill** (born May 24, 1968) is an American Thoroughbred horse trainer. He was born in Dearborn, Michigan, and resides in California, where he trained the 2012 Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes winner, I\'ll Have Another, and 2016 Kentucky Derby winner Nyquist. O\'Neill and his family reside in Santa Monica, California.
## Early years {#early_years}
O\'Neill was born in Dearborn, Michigan and moved to Santa Monica, California when he was 10, where his father, Patrick, took him to watch horse racing at Santa Anita Park. O\'Neill became a hot walker while in high school, then went to work at Del Mar racetrack, and obtained his trainer\'s license in 1989. His brother, Dennis, is a bloodstock agent and helps select horses at auction for clients.
By the early 2000s he was a major figure on the California racing scene, and at one time had the largest stable in Southern California, and one of the largest and most successful in the United States. O\'Neill\'s first Grade 1 win came in 2002 when Sky Jack won the Hollywood Gold Cup. The win was the first time O\'Neill had even entered a horse in a Grade 1 race.
He gained national attention for his Breeders\' Cup wins and international recognition for winning the 2003 Japan Cup Dirt at Tokyo Racecourse.
J. Paul Reddam began sending horses to O\'Neill in the mid-2000s and has since been one of O\'Neill\'s most loyal clients. In 2006, O\'Neill\'s horse Lava Man won the Santa Anita Derby, Hollywood Gold Cup, and Pacific Classic.
O\'Neill\'s first horses to contest the Kentucky Derby were Liquidity and Great Hunter, both of whom raced in the 2007 Kentucky Derby.
### 2012 season
I\'ll Have Another, owned by Canadian J. Paul Reddam and trained by O\'Neill, won the 2012 Kentucky Derby on May 5, 2012. The horse also won the 2012 Preakness Stakes and was viewed as a potential Triple Crown winner. However, in the meantime, O\'Neill\'s multiple violations of medication rules caught up with him and he was given a 45-day suspension, though because O\'Neill\'s suspension was not set to begin prior to July 1, 2012, he was permitted to run I\'ll Have Another in the 2012 Belmont Stakes.
The race featured tightened security, including a \"detention barn\" where all entrants had to be stabled together in a specially designated barn, starting three days before the race. The potential for a Triple Crown also increased the scrutiny given the race. Furthermore, the New York Racing Association had also been taken over by the state of New York earlier in the year due to problems with horse deaths and questions surrounding \"exotic bets.\"
O\'Neill scratched I\'ll Have Another from the Belmont the day prior to the race, citing a tendon injury. The decision to scratch I\'ll Have Another was based on the O\'Neill\'s monitoring of swelling in the horse\'s foreleg early in the week of the Belmont, and confirmation by Dr. James Hunt, a New York-based veterinarian, that the horse risked further injury if he ran. Racing fans and some commentators speculated that O\'Neill scratched I\'ll Have Another not because of a relatively minor tendon injury, but because he \"couldn\'t doctor the horse the way he needed to because of the detention barn.\" Others dismissed this as a conspiracy theory. John Sabini, chairman of the New York State Racing and Wagering Board stated that the decision to scratch the horse was disappointing but that the trainer and owner \"put the welfare of the horse first, showing true horsemanship.\"
## 2015 season {#season_1}
In 2015, O\'Neill began to train Nyquist, another Reddam-owned colt. Nyquist went into the 2015 Breeders\' Cup with an undefeated record, won the 2015 Breeders\' Cup Juvenile and went on to become the Eclipse Award American Champion Two-Year-Old Male Horse. In 2016, the undefeated colt moved to an 8:8-0-0 record by winning the 2016 Kentucky Derby with jockey Mario Gutierrez, who had also ridden I\'ll Have Another in 2012.
Nyquist currently stands at Jonabell Farm for Darley America\'s stud division having already produced Breeders\' Cup Juvenile Fillies Winner Vequist, Summer Stakes (Canada) winner Gretzky the Great, and Queen Mary Stakes winner Crimson Advocate at Royal Ascot.
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# Doug O'Neill
## Medication violations {#medication_violations}
In May 2012, after a two-year legal battle, the California Horse Racing Board (CHRB) found that O\'Neill was responsible for a horse that tested with excess carbon dioxide levels above the permitted level of TCO2. As a result, though he was not found guilty of \"milkshaking\" the horse -- providing an \"illegal performance-enhancing mixture\" -- O\'Neill was deemed responsible for the animal\'s care, barred from horse racing for 45 days, and fined \$15,000.
A few days after I\'ll Have Another won the 2012 Derby, *The New York Times* writers Joe Drape and Walt Bogdanich ran a story discussing O\'Neill\'s extensive history of medication violations. It ran on the front page of the paper. Additional criticism came from other quarters, including Frank Deford of NPR, who expressed his view that both O\'Neill and the owner of I\'ll Have Another did not deserve to win the Belmont, describing O\'Neill as \"a charming enough character, but a drug cheat nonetheless.\" Due to the reports of multiple medication violations, O\'Neill had been nicknamed \"\'Drug\' O\'Neill.\" However, some industry experts, such as Andrew Beyer of *The Washington Post*, felt that O\'Neill was a skilled trainer who had made some mistakes but had been \"maligned.\" Taking a middle ground, Bill Dwyre of the *Los Angeles Times* viewed O\'Neill\'s violations as a \"misdemeanor.\" Bogdanich found that O\'Neill had 15 medication drug violations during his career and had \"milkshaked\" horses---an illegal treatment for fatigue that involves inserting a tube down a horse\'s esophagus to administer a mixture of substances. In a 2012 interview with NPR, Bogdanich criticized a lack of enforcement of drug rules in American horse racing, noting that although O\'Neill faced a 180-day suspension for milkshaking, any punishment imposed upon him have would little impact on his livelihood: \"He could turn it over to his assistants, his stable, and never miss a beat. The horses keep running. If they win, they keep getting their purses. You know, that\'s what America lacks that the rest of the world has. They have law and order.\" In October 2012, the *Los Angeles Times* ran a story on O\'Neill\'s gregariousness and kindness to others, suggesting that jealousy motivated his detractors.
In October 2014, O\'Neill was given another 45-day suspension as a result of a June 2013 violation at Belmont Park. By this time, O\'Neill had accumulated 19 drug violations. The New York Racing Association also fined him \$10,000. However, as happened in 2012, they agreed that he would not have to serve his suspension until after a major event, this time the 2014 Breeders\' Cup. He was also given an additional 45-day suspended sentence, which would \"be served if he incurs another medication violation before December 18, 2015, at any US track.\" Following his New York suspension, he was given a separate 45-day suspension in California, based on his violation of the CHRB restrictions from 2012 due to the 2013 New York violation. This suspension foreclosed his ability to train horses for the 2014 Breeders\' Cup. In addition, California gave him an 18-month probation period on top of the 45 day ban, during which time he cannot have any further Class I, II, or III drug violations in any part of the USA or internationally. While his previous penalties were based upon the dates that assorted complaints were filed or adjudicated, this time the ruling was that the \"deciding event\" for any violation would be the date when the offense actually occurred. His assistant trainer was put in charge of conditioning horses for his stable, and one horse was transferred to a different trainer.
When the media spotlight turned to O\'Neill in 2016, he chose not to discuss \"stuff that happened in the past that I didn\'t do,\" but also said, \"Those times have made us -- me -- realize I need to step up my game and really make sure we\'re on the same page
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# Caul (headgear)
A **caul** is a historical headress worn by women that covers tied-up hair. A fancy caul could be made of satin, velvet, fine silk or brocade, although a simple caul would commonly be made of white linen or cotton. The caul could be covered by a crespine or a hairnet to secure it from falling off.
During the second half of the thirteenth century, network caps, more properly called \"cauls\", came into fashion for ladies\' wear. These headdresses were shaped like bags, made of gold, silver or silk network. At first they fitted fairly close to the head, the edge, band or rim being placed high up on the forehead, to show some hair on the temples and around the nape; they enclosed the head and hair, and were secured by a circlet or fillet. Jewels were often set at intervals in the band, also at the intersections of the cross-bars.
## Tudor cauls {#tudor_cauls}
At the coronation of Mary I in 1553, she came to Westminster Abbey wearing a gold circlet with a jewelled caul or \"kall\" made of tinsel fabric. Some chronicle accounts mention the weight of the circlet and caul, and that Mary had sometimes to support it with her hand. These comments may imply misogynistic criticism of this unprecedented female coronation.
A Scottish diplomat James Melville of Halhill wrote that in 1564 Elizabeth I\'s golden hair was best shown when she wore an Italian-style \"kell\" and bonnet. An inventory of the jewels of Elizabeth I includes a section of \"attires\" or head-dresses with \"cawles\" and \"cawles of hair\" set with pearls and rubies. These were intended to augment the queen\'s own hair.
Elizabeth\'s gentlewomen made some of her cauls. Dorothy Abington lined cauls with silk sarsenet fabric, and Bridget Chaworth embroidered a caul of black network with trueloves of pearls for Elizabeth in 1580. Cauls and other items were made for Elizabeth by the professionals Margaret Schetz *alias* Barney and the silkman Roger Montague. He made \"fine white knotted cawles wrought with chain stitch\" in 1587. Schetz supplied \"cawles of heare lyned with taphata\", and in 1601 the silkwoman Dorothy Speckard supplied \"Two heare Cawles curiouslie made in workes of haire\"
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# 94th Illinois Infantry Regiment
The **94th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry**, nicknamed the \"McLean Regiment,\" was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
## Service
The 94th Illinois Infantry was organized in McLean County, Illinois and mustered into Federal service on August 20, 1862.
The regiment was mustered out on July 17, 1865, at Galveston, Texas..
## Total strength and casualties {#total_strength_and_casualties}
The regiment suffered 9 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds and 4 officers and 162 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 175 fatalities.
## Commanders
- Colonel William W. Orme - Promoted to brigadier general on April 4, 1863.
- Colonel John McNulta - Mustered out with the regiment
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