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# Operation Hajji Baba
## Operation
The first load of 50 passengers was delayed when a passport and security problem temporarily halted boarding. This issue was caused by the failure of local authorities to properly process the pilgrims for the American (versus commercial airline) aircraft. A new process was rapidly created with the help of the three major airlines serving the Beirut airport. Because these airlines already had all of the initial paperwork completed, they were able to coordinate the release of the passengers in blocks of 50 thus speeding up the security and passport processing and allowing boarding to continue normally.
Once this initial problem was solved, operations flowed smoothly. That is until the team realized they would have to transport more than the number of passengers they were originally told. Original estimates put the airlift requirements at about 1,500 passengers. That number was almost half of what the actual passenger load really was. This had the potential of negating any effect the mission may have since, given the resources and time available, there was no way the operation could transport all of the stranded pilgrims before Saudi Arabia closed the gates to Mecca on 27 August. Goss immediately voiced his concern to his superiors and the US State Department made an impassioned plea to the Saudi government to keep the gates open for one extra day.
Not only did the Saudi government heed the request, but they also went beyond it by keeping the gates open for two extra days. The last flight of the operation left Beirut at 0522 on 29 August 1952. When it completed its transit and landed in Jeddah, Operation Hajji Baba ended. During the four days of the operation, the C-54s had transported 3,763 passengers in the course of 75 round-trips covering over 117,000 miles. No aircraft or crew were lost during the operation.
## Aftermath
Operation Hajji Baba was a complete success in all respects. Having learned valuable lessons during the Berlin Airlift three years prior, the US Air Force and its Military Air Transport Service were able to implement a reliable and efficient airlift in an amazingly short amount of time. The operation exceeded its intended mission by transporting nearly twice the number of passengers than originally planned for and did so without injury or loss of equipment.
Even though the very anti-Western Ayatollah Seyyed Abol-Ghasem Kashani, a high profile member of the Iranian Parliament, used his flight on one of the C-54s as an opportunity to publicly voice his opposition to Western involvement in the Middle East, the reaction within the Islamic media was generally favorable with even the most hard-line press outlets giving some kind words to the effort.
In the US, *Life magazine* published a four-page pictorial featuring photos taken during the operation. The state department produced a special booklet entitled *Pilgrim Journey* along with a documentary film, each recording different aspects of the operation.
Beyond the initial publicity and news coverage of the event, Operation Hajji Baba has faded into the history books and remains only a minor footnote in the history of the humanitarian operations conducted by the US Air Force
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# B. Alan Wallace
**Bruce Alan Wallace** (born 1950) is an American Buddhologist of Tibetan Buddhism and author. He has authored many texts in the field of contemplative science, most notably *The Attention Revolution* on the cultivation of Samatha, and *Dreaming Yourself Awake* on the lucid dreaming practice of dream yoga. Wallace\'s works include an English translation of the foremost Tibetan Buddhism text, the Bardo Thodol, by Padmasambhava. He has also been active in the dialogue between established Western science and Tibetan Buddhist psychology, including staunch critiques of materialistic philosophies of mind, and emphasizing the incorporation of introspection as a technique of academic inquiry. He is founder of the Santa Barbara Institute for Consciousness Studies. Alan Wallace is widely regarded as a preeminent meditation teacher and Buddhism scholar.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Wallace was born into a family of devout Christians. His father was a Baptist Theologian. At 13 he developed a passion for science, specifically in ecology, inspired by a science teacher. At 18 he matriculated at the University of California, San Diego. Wallace began his studies of the Tibetan language and Buddhism in 1970 at the University of Göttingen in Germany, continuing his studies in Dharamsala, India, where he was ordained as a Buddhist monk by the Dalai Lama in 1975.
## Career
Wallace continued his studies and began teaching at the Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies in Mont Pèlerin, Switzerland from 1975 to 1979 and then devoted four years to full-time meditation. He was a participant and interpreter at the first Mind and Life Institute in 1987 and continued in this capacity through 2009.
In 1987, Wallace obtained a B.A. in physics, philosophy of science and Sanskrit from Amherst College, followed in 1995 by a Ph.D. in religious studies from Stanford University. His doctoral dissertation was on *The Cultivation of Sustained Voluntary Attention in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism.* He taught for four years in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California at Santa Barbara. Wallace founded the Santa Barbara Institute for Consciousness Studies in 2003, designed to integrate scientific and contemplative exploration of consciousness. Wallace and Clifford Saron established the shamatha project, which tested the effects of Buddhist meditation on 60 people engaged in a residential meditation retreat for 3 months, with Wallace serving as their instructor and Saron as the Principal Investigator for the scientific study. Research findings have been published in many peer-reviewed scientific journals regarding the effect on attention, emotions and well-being, and biomarkers.
Since 1976, Wallace has taught a wide range of Buddhist meditations worldwide and has served as interpreter for many eminent Tibetan lamas, including Dalai Lama in the interface between traditional forms of Buddhist meditation and the mind sciences. Beginning in 2010, Wallace has led a series of 8-week retreats to train students in the meditative practices of shamatha, the four immeasurables, vipashyana, and Dzogchen. Wallace is the motivating force behind the development of the Center for Contemplative Research in Tuscany, Italy, as a community of contemplatives and scientists, to integrate first-person meditative experience with third-person methods of science.
Wallace has also advocated the integration of contemplative study into America\'s higher education system. He references psychologist William James who said that an education that improved the individual\'s ability to maintain sustained, voluntary attention would be \"the education par excellence.\"
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# B. Alan Wallace
## Selected works {#selected_works}
### Books on Buddhism and Science {#books_on_buddhism_and_science}
- *Meditations of a Buddhist Skeptic: A Manifesto for the Mind Sciences and Contemplative Practice*, New York: Columbia University Press, 2011
- *Mind in the Balance: Meditation in Science, Buddhism, and Christianity.* New York: Columbia University Press, 2009 (Also published in Portuguese, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, and Tibetan translations)
- *Embracing Mind: The Common Ground of Science and Spirituality.* Co-authored with Brian Hodel. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2008 (Also published in Dutch and Spanish translations)
- *Hidden Dimensions: The Unification of Physics and Consciousness*. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007 (Also published in Dutch, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Tibetan translations)
- *Contemplative Science: Where Buddhism and Neuroscience Converge*. New York: Columbia University Press, 2007 (Also published in Portuguese, Korean, and Thai translations)
- *Buddhism and Science: Breaking New Ground.* Edited by B. Alan Wallace. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003
- *The Taboo of Subjectivity: Toward a New Science of Consciousness.* New York: Oxford University Press, 2000
- *Consciousness at the Crossroads: Conversations with the Dalai Lama on Brain-science and Buddhism.* Edited by B. Alan Wallace, Zara Houshmand & Robert B. Livingston. Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1999 (Also published in Dutch, Portuguese, Korean, Spanish, French, Chinese, Italian translations)
- *Choosing Reality: A Buddhist View of Physics and the Mind*. Revised edition. Ithaca: Snow Lion Publications, 1996. Re-edition of Choosing Reality: A Contemplative View of Physics and the Mind. Boston: Shambhala Publications, 1989 (Also published in French and Korean translations)
### Books on Tibetan Buddhism {#books_on_tibetan_buddhism}
- *Fathoming the Mind: Inquiry and Insight in Dudjom Lingpa\'s Vajra Essence*. Boston: Wisdom Publications 2018
- *Open Mind: View and Meditation in the Lineage of Lerab Lingpa,* Boston: Wisdom Publications 2017
- *Dudjom Lingpa\'s Visions of the Great Perfection,* Volumes 1--3, Boston: Wisdom Publications 2015
- *Dreaming Yourself Awake: Lucid Dreaming and Tibetan Dream Yoga for Insight and Transformation*, Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2012 (Also published in Portuguese)
- *Stilling the Mind: Shamatha Teachings from Dudjom Lingpa\'s Vajra Essence*, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2011 (Also published in Portuguese)
- *Minding Closely: The Four Applications of Mindfulness*, Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2011
- *The Attention Revolution: Unlocking the Power of the Focused Mind.* Foreword by Daniel Goleman. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2006 (Also published in Complex Chinese, Catalan, Italian, German, Indonesian, Portuguese, Romanian, Chinese, Spanish, and Mongolian translations)
- *Genuine Happiness: Meditation as a Path to Fulfillment*. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2005 (Also published in Spanish, Portuguese and Russian translations)
- *Natural Liberation: Padmasambhava\'s Teachings on the Six Bardos* (English translation). Boston: Wisdom Publications 1998
- *Buddhism with an Attitude: The Tibetan Seven-Point Mind-Training*. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2001 (Also published in Dutch, Italian, Finnish, Spanish, Portuguese, and Korean translations)
- *The Four Immeasurables: Practices to Open the Heart*. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2010. Re-edition of The Four Immeasurables: Cultivating a Boundless Heart, 2004; re-edition of Boundless Heart: The Four Immeasurables, 1999 (Also published in Italian, French, and Dutch translations)
- *Balancing the Mind: A Tibetan Buddhist Approach to Refining Attention.* Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2005. New edition of The Bridge of Quiescence: Experiencing Tibetan Buddhist Meditation. Chicago: Open Court Press, 1998
- *Tibetan Buddhism From the Ground Up.* Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1993 (Also published in Italian, Portuguese, Dutch, and Korean translations)
- *The Seven-Point Mind Training*. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 2004. Re-edition of A Passage from Solitude: A Modern Commentary on Tibetan Buddhist Mind Training. Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion Publications, 1992 (Also published in Italian translation)
- *Tibetan Tradition of Mental Development.* Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey. Sherpa Tulku, trans. Dharamsala: Library of Tibetan Works & Archives, 1974, 1976, 1978; rev. eds. 1985 & 1992 (Also published in Italian translation)
- *Spoken Tibetan*. Co-authored with Kerrith McKenzie. Mt
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# Gumpoldskirchen
**Gumpoldskirchen** (Central Bavarian: *Gumpoidskiachn*) is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Gumpoldskirchen borders on the municipalities Mödling, Guntramsdorf, Gaaden, Pfaffstätten and Traiskirchen. The municipal area extends from the flats in the Vienna Basin to forest areas of the Anninger in the Vienna Woods. Gumpoldskirchen is very famous for its wine, especially its Spätrot-Rotgipfler blend, and \"Heurigers\" as it attracts many tourists from Vienna to its hillside vineyards. Gumpoldskirchen derives its name from Gumpold of Passau.
## Climate
Gumpoldskirchen has a mild, continental climate attributed to its proximity to the spa line in Austria. The nearby Vienna Woods directly to the west affect the climate as well. There are 250 weather stations for the Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics that call Gumpoldskirchen home.
## History
The Stone Age people settled the area about 6500 years ago. The Romans then settled in the area and it was found that an important road for transport went through the current city. Even from prehistoric times, earlier civilizations were cultivating wine on the slopes of the Eichkogel.
In the 14th century, Gumpoldskirchen was already a market and court location.
Gumpoldskirchen, like so many of its neighbor principalities, was devastated twice by the first and the second Turkish Sieges.
By the end of the 18th Century, Gumpoldskirchen began to industrialize. It had many factories and greatly assisted the rapid industrialization of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
After the 1938 Anschluss, Gumpoldskirchen became a part of the Greater Vienna that the Nazis created. Toward the end of World War II, the area around Gumpoldskirchen became an area of intense battle between the coming Soviet troops and the remaining 6th SS Panzer Army.
Gumpoldskirchen was unfortunately caught up in the 1985 wine glycol scandal that saw many Austrian wine makers called out for inserting illegal (and potentially harmful) ingredients. The scandal caused harm to the Austrian wine industry that it is still fighting to overcome today.
## Population
## Sights
### Church St. Michael {#church_st._michael}
St. Michael\'s church is a gothic cathedral in Gumpoldskirchen. A recently discovered crypt was found lying under the church.
### Teutonic Order Castle {#teutonic_order_castle}
This castle was first used by the Teutonic Order in 1241 and served as a fortress for the next few hundred years. The castle was rebuilt in 1931 and after the Anschluss, was converted to a research institute for winery. Damage occurred to the castle in the late years of World War II, and in 1946, it was given back to the church. In 1998 and 1999, the castle underwent renovations and today it serves as a popular guesthouse.
### The Pillory {#the_pillory}
The pillory stands just outside town hall. It is a large stone built in 1563 with inscriptions chiseled on it. The pillory was a symbol of the market rights of the city. It was also used to punish lawbreakers who were then chained to the stone and sometimes even tortured and killed.
### Town Hall {#town_hall}
The old town hall was built during the Renaissance period and was originally a courthouse. The pillared hall can still be seen today on the second-floor. The town-hall still has old prison cells, however they are now used for storage
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# John Mackenzie (sailor)
John Mackenzie}} `{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}`{=mediawiki} `{{MedalTableTop | name= no | medals =
{{MedalSport | [[Sailing (sport)|Sailing]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{GBR2}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[Olympic Games]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1908 Summer Olympics|1908 London]] | [[Sailing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – 12 Metre|12-metre]]}}
}}`{=mediawiki}
**John Mackenzie** (21 September 1876 -- 9 December 1949) was a Scottish sailor who competed for the Royal Clyde Yacht Club at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Mackenzie was born in Greenock.
He was a crew member of the Scottish boat *Hera*, which won the gold medal in the 12-metre class
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# Lewis Sperry Chafer
**Lewis Sperry Chafer** (February 27, 1871`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki}August 22, 1952) was an American theologian. He co-founded Dallas Theological Seminary with his older brother Rollin Thomas Chafer (1868--1940), served as its first president, and was an influential proponent of Christian Dispensationalism in the early 20th century. John Hannah described Chafer as a visionary Bible teacher, a minister of the gospel, a man of prayer with strong piety. One of his students, Charles Caldwell Ryrie, who went on to become a theologian and scholar, stated that Chafer was an evangelist who was also \"an eminent theologian.\"
## Biography
### Early life {#early_life}
Chafer was born in Rock Creek, Ohio to Thomas and Lomira Chafer and was the second of three children. His father, a parson, died from tuberculosis when Lewis was 11 years old, and his mother supported the family by teaching school and keeping boarders in the family home. Chafer attended the Rock Creek Public School as a young boy, and the New Lyme Institution in New Lyme, Ohio from 1885 to 1888. Here he discovered a talent for music and choir.
Chafer quit his studies at Oberlin to work with YMCA evangelist, Arthur T. Reed of Ohio. From 1889 to 1891, Chafer attended Oberlin College, where he met Ella Loraine Case. They were married April 22, 1896 and formed a traveling evangelistic music ministry, he singing or preaching and she playing the organ. Their marriage lasted until she died in 1944.
### Ministry
Ordained in 1900 by a Council of Congregational Ministers in the First Congregational Church in Buffalo and in 1903 he ministered as an evangelist in the Presbytery of Troy in Massachusetts and became associated with the ministry of Cyrus Scofield, who became his mentor.
During this early period, Chafer began writing and developing his theology. He taught Bible classes and music at the Mount Hermon School for Boys from 1906 to 1910. He joined the Orange Presbytery in 1912 due to the increasing influence of his ministry in the south. He aided Scofield in establishing the Philadelphia School of the Bible in 1913. From 1923 to 1925, he served as general secretary of the Central American Mission.
When Scofield died in 1921, Chafer moved to Dallas, Texas to pastor the First Congregational Church of Dallas, an independent church where Scofield had ministered. Then, in 1924, Chafer and his friend William Henry Griffith Thomas realized their vision of a simple, Bible-teaching theological seminary and founded Dallas Theological Seminary (originally Evangelical Theological College). Chafer served as president of the seminary and professor of Systematic Theology from 1924 until his death. He died with friends while away at a conference in Seattle, Washington in August 1952.
In 1953, the newly built chapel was designated the Lewis Sperry Chafer Chapel after the recently passed leader.
During his life, Chafer received three honorary doctorates: Doctor of Divinity from Wheaton in 1926, Doctor of Letters from Dallas in 1942, and Doctor of Theology from the Aix-en-Province, France, Protestant Seminary in 1946.
Chafer had a tremendous influence on the evangelical movement. Among his students were Jim Rayburn, founder of Young Life (as well as many of Young Life\'s first staff members), Kenneth N. Taylor, author of The Living Bible translation, and numerous future Christian educators and pastors, including Howard Hendricks, J. Dwight Pentecost, Charles Caldwell Ryrie, J. Vernon McGee, and John Walvoord, who succeeded him as president of DTS.
### Personality
Chafer was recognized among his friends and peers for his balanced, simple life. He was a well-spoken and relaxed leader and was not a fire and brimstone preacher. Chafer believed the basic truths for Christian living are found in `{{bibleverse||Romans|5}}`{=mediawiki}, a chapter which teaches about peace, grace, weakness, hope, sacrifice, love, and joy.
In recognition of this, Dallas Theological Seminary offers a commencement award, the Lewis Sperry Chafer Award, every year to the graduating master\'s student who: \"in the judgment of the faculty because of his well‐balanced Christian character, scholarship, and spiritual leadership, best embodies and portrays the ideals of Dallas Theological Seminary.\" An additional award, the Lorrain Chafer Award, is awarded to the graduating international master\'s student who: \"in the judgment of the faculty, best evidences well‐balanced Christian character, scholarship, and spiritual leadership.\"
The Dallas Seminary Foundation has also set up a charitable giving program called the Lewis Sperry Chafer Legacy, recognizing the graciousness in Chafer\'s life.
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# Lewis Sperry Chafer
## Theology
Chafer is widely recognized as one of the founders of modern Dispensationalism and was vehemently opposed to covenant theology. Yet, he did not reject the idea of a covenant of redemption, covenant of works, and covenant of grace. He affirmed all three along with the Edenic, Adamic, Noahic, Abrahamic, Mosaic, Palestinian, Davidic, and New Covenant. He was a premillennial, pretribulational dispensationalist. His overall theology could be generally described as based on the inductive study of the entire Bible, having similarities to John Nelson Darby of the Plymouth Brethren, a mild form of Keswick Theology on Sanctification, and Presbyterianism, all of these tempered with a focus on spirituality based on simple Bible study and living.
Chafer\'s theology has been the subject of much study and debate in and out of the theological community since his death, especially on the two larger topics of dispensationalism and Christian Zionism, specifically that the Jews are a people called unto God with a separate historical purpose and plan from the Church. Chafer held much in common with Free Grace theology and influenced many of its later advocates. Similarly to Charles Ryrie, Chafer defined repentance as being a mere synonym for faith, denying that it refers to sorrow for sin.
Lewis Sperry Chafer affirmed the doctrine of the eternal generation of the Son, arguing that eternal generation is implied by many passages of the Bible, such as those referring to the begottenness of the Son. He also believed that in the work of redemption, there exists a subordination of order in the trinity where the Father sends the Son but not vice versa. He believed that this order is grounded in the eternal generation of the Son, not by any essential divine attributes.
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# Lewis Sperry Chafer
## Writings
In 1933, Dallas acquired the periodical *Bibliotheca Sacra* and began publishing it in 1934. Chafer wrote about 70 articles for this journal (see external links below).
In 1947, after 10 years of work, he completed his *Systematic Theology* in eight volumes. This was the first time that a premillennial, dispensational framework of Christian theology had been systematized into a single format. The books were so popular that it sold out the first printing in six months and needed a third printing within two years. The series has been printed many times since by a number of publishing houses.
Chafer\'s *Systematic Theology* is a standard dispensational systematic theology at Dallas Theological Seminary. Lewis Sperry Chafer wrote, \"These pages represent what has been, and is, taught in the classrooms of the Dallas Theological Seminary\". It has been claimed that \"This is the definitive work to use in understanding what Dispensationalism teaches and believes. If you are going to use "straw men" to defeat dispensational theorists, make sure your scarecrow favors Lewis Sperry Chafer.\"
## Selected publications {#selected_publications}
Many of Chafer\'s books have been reprinted multiple times by several different publishing houses. Some of these include:
- *True Evangelism*, 1911
- *The Kingdom in History and Prophecy*, 1915.
- *Salvation: A Clear Doctrinal Analysis*, 1917. Reprint, 1955. `{{ISBN|0-310-22351-2}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Seven Biblical Signs of the Times*, 1919
- *He That is Spiritual*, 1918. Reprint, 1967. `{{ISBN|0-310-22341-5}}`{=mediawiki}
- *True Evangelism: Winning Souls by Prayer*, 1919. Reprint, 1978. `{{ISBN|0-310-22381-4}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Satan: His Motive and Methods*, 1919. Reprint, 1964. `{{ISBN|0-310-22361-X}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Must We Dismiss the Millennium?* 1921
- *Grace: The Glorious Theme*, 1922. Reprint, 1950. `{{ISBN|0-310-22331-8}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Major Bible Themes*, 1926. Reprint, 1974. `{{ISBN|0-310-22390-3}}`{=mediawiki}
- *The Epistle to the Ephesians*, 1935. Reprint, 1991. `{{ISBN|0825423422}}`{=mediawiki}
- *Systematic Theology*, 1947. Reprint, 1993. `{{ISBN|0-8254-2340-6}}`{=mediawiki}
His *Systematic Theology* includes, practically word-for-word, some of his other works
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# Gerald Tait
**Thomas Gerald Tait** (7 November 1866, in Campbeltown -- 19 December 1938, in Glasgow) was a Scottish sailor who competed for the Royal Clyde Yacht Club at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
He was a crew member of the Scottish boat *Hera*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class
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# Scarboro, Calgary
**Scarboro** is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is located in the inner city, between Bow Trail, 24th Street West and 14th St West. Its north-south boundaries are 12th Avenue South and 17th Avenue South. The community is bisected by the Crowchild Trail freeway.
The community consists of Scarboro proper, located on *Scarboro Hill*, consisting mostly of detached homes, and *Upper Scarboro* (officially called *Scarboro/Sunalta West*) which consists of the remaining small residential area west of Crowchild Trail.
## Demographics
In the City of Calgary\'s 2012 municipal census, Scarboro had a population of `{{nts|880}}`{=mediawiki} living in `{{nts|343}}`{=mediawiki} dwellings, a 1.1% increase from its 2011 population of `{{nts|870}}`{=mediawiki}. With a land area of 0.5 km2, it had a population density of `{{Pop density|880|0.5|km2|sqmi}}`{=mediawiki} in 2012. Also in the 2012 municipal census, Scarboro/Sunalta West had a population of `{{nts|410}}`{=mediawiki} living in `{{nts|165}}`{=mediawiki} dwellings, a 3.3% increase from its 2011 population of `{{nts|397}}`{=mediawiki}. With a land area of 0.4 km2, it had a population density of `{{Pop density|410|0.4|km2|sqmi}}`{=mediawiki} in 2012.
It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 8 councillor, on a provincial level by Calgary-Currie MLA Nicholas Milliken, and at federal level by Calgary Centre MP Greg McLean.
Scarboro is a well established and relatively wealthy neighbourhood, with the median household income of \$79,948 (2000), and 7.5% low-income residents. As of 2000, 20.6% of the residents were immigrants. While the City of Calgary profile on Scarboro details a proportion of 27.3% of the buildings were condominiums or apartments, and 29.5% of the housing was used for renting, the actual neighbourhood consists of approximately 365 single-family dwellings. All are zoned R-1 and there are no multifamily residences or condominiums or apartments within Scarboro.
## Crime
Year Crime Rate (/100 pop.)
------ ------------------------
2018 4.1
2019 4.8
2020 2.8
2021 2.1
2022 2.6
2023 2.2
: Crime Data
## Education
The community is served by Sunalta Elementary public school and Sacred Heart Elementary (also publicly funded
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# James Clark Bunten (sailor)
**James Clark Bunten** (28 March 1875 -- 3 June 1935) was a Scottish sailor who competed for the Royal Clyde Yacht Club at the 1908 Summer Olympics.
He was a crew member of the Scottish boat *Hera*, which won the gold medal in the 12 metre class. He was born and died in Glasgow
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# Cheshire Street
**Cheshire Street** is a street in east London linking Brick Lane with Bethnal Green and Whitechapel.
It has had various names in its history, such as Hare Street, and today forms part of Brick Lane Market on Sundays. The Cheshire Street part of the market is home to various Bric A Brac stalls; prior to the area become popular with artists, the market was a source of basic items (clothes, toys etc.) for working people from the East End.
The street runs parallel to the former Bishopsgate Goods Yard and the main railway track into Liverpool Street and the railway viaduct that used to carry trains into the good yard is one of the oldest brick rail viaducts in the world, the listed Braithwaite Viaduct. It is possible to see the original brick work of this viaduct from Grimsby Street, a tributary of Cheshire Street.
The old Carpenters Arms pub, now re-opened, is also located on Cheshire Street. The notorious Kray twins bought the pub for their mother, who used to hold court in it at weekends. According to the last proprietors of the pub, the Krays installed a bespoke bar surface during the time they owned the pub - the surface employed was allegedly a coffin lid. Reggie Kray\'s funeral procession went along Cheshire Street in 2000.
The Bath House on Cheshire Street is home to the Repton Boxing Club, London\'s oldest boxing gym, alma mater to boxers such as Maurice Hope, Billy Walker, and Audley Harrison, and underworld figures such as \"Mad\" Frankie Fraser and Ray Barton.
The bath house equipment was supplied by J J Lane Ltd of Bethnal Green. The Museum of London have one of the original washing machines in their collection which was removed from the wash house prior to the refurbishment.
The Hauser & Wirth Coppermill art gallery on Cheshire Street held several exhibitions between 2005 and 2007, including shows by Martin Kippenberger, Dieter Roth, Christoph Büchel and Martin Creed, before the site was redeveloped.
The nearest London Underground stations are Bethnal Green and Whitechapel
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# Morvich
**Morvich** (April 23, 1919 -- January 26, 1946) was an American Thoroughbred who was the first California-bred racehorse to win the Kentucky Derby.
Bred by sugar magnate Adolph B. Spreckels at his Napa Stock Farm, Morvich was sired by James R. Keene\'s stallion Runnymede and was out of the mare Hymir by Dr. Leggo. He was sold to Benjamin Block. The young colt was described as an \"ugly cripple that no one thought could run until (trainer) Burlew proved them wrong.\"
## Racing career {#racing_career}
Despite the predictions at the time, under future Hall of Fame trainer Fred Burlew, in 1921 Morvich had one of the best seasons in American racing history for a two-year-old. Beginning as a lowly selling plater, he rapidly moved up, winning all 11 of his starts, a feat that ranks close to the record of 13 consecutive wins set by Tremont in 1886. Dominating performances against the best horses in his age group made Morvich the runaway winner of American Champion Two-Year-Old Colt honors.
Although Morvich did not race in 1922 leading up to the Kentucky Derby, bettors made him the heavy favorite to win. Ridden by Albert Johnson, the colt earned his 12th straight victory. In an era when the U.S. Triple Crown races had not yet become the major event for three-year-olds, Morvich did not compete in the Preakness Stakes (which was run on the same day as the Kentucky Derby in 1922). Instead, his handlers sent him to New York City to compete in the Carlton Stakes where racing fans at Aqueduct Racetrack watched as Harry Payne Whitney\'s colt Whiskaway handed Morvich his first defeat. The colt\'s knees were the likely cause of his decline. Morvich had also developed osselets in one fetlock.
Morvich ended his 1922 campaign with the Derby his only victory in five starts. After finishing unplaced in the Fall Highweight Handicap at Aqueduct Racetrack, he was retired to stud, where he proved less than successful as a sire. His only offspring of note was Downy Pillow, a Churchill Downs Debutante Stakes winner.
His death effectively marked the extinction of the Hermit male-line in the United States
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# Noel Mitten
**Noel Mitten** (born 5 January 1957) was an Irish footballer during the 1970s.
He won a league winners medal with Bohemians in 1974--75 and was Bohemian\'s top scorer that season with 8 goals in 16 league games. Mitten scored in the 1974--75 League Cup final against Finn Harps and also netted in the replay. He made five appearances in European competition for Bohemians scoring in the 1976-77 European Cup Winners\' Cup at Esbjerg fB. A former Manchester United trainee from 1972 to 1973, he later emigrated to Australia. Mitten\'s clubs in Australia included Frankston City, Essendon Croatia, Morwell Falcons, Maribyrnong Polonia and Sunshine George Cross FC.
For several years Mitten was head football (soccer) coach at Wesley College, Melbourne
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# Charles MacIver
**Charles MacIver** (28 November 1866 -- 21 December 1935) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the British boat *Mouchette*, which won the silver medal in the 12 metre class
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# Council of State Governments
**The Council of State Governments** (**CSG**) is a nonpartisan, non-profit organization in the United States that serves all three branches of state government. Founded in 1933 by Colorado state senator Henry W. Toll, CSG is a region-based forum that fosters the exchange of insights and ideas to help state officials shape public policy. The CSG National Headquarters is located in Lexington, Kentucky. The council also operates regional offices in Atlanta, Chicago, New York City and Sacramento, California. CSG maintains an office in Washington, D.C. that monitors federal government activities and their impact on state issues and programs. Other CSG services include policy academies, research briefs, webinars and [annual conferences and meetings](http://www.csg.org/events/default.aspx) at the national and regional levels.
The CSG is considered part of the \'Big Seven\', a group of organizations that represent local and state government in the United States. The CSG Justice Center, which is based in New York City and has offices across the country, provides strategies to increase public safety and strengthen communities. CSG national leadership includes a governor, who serves as the national president, and a member of a state legislature, who serves as national chair. CSG regions are chaired by state legislators. CSG membership includes 56 U.S. states and territories; six Canadian provinces also partner with the council. Annual dues are paid by each state and territory to support the council\'s operations. In addition, revenue is derived from publication sales, registration fees, corporate grants and contributions, and investment income.
## History
In 1925, Henry Wolcott Toll, then a Colorado state senator, created the American Legislators' Association, the forerunner to CSG, which provided legislators with information and opportunities to connect. Toll believed interstate cooperation was imperative for states to maintain control over inherent state issues.
CSG---the only national organization that serves all three branches of state government---was created in 1933. \"Probably 12 or 15 of us sat around a table in a small room,\" Toll recalled 25 years later. \"The Council of State Governments had never been heard of before that day.\"
About five years after CSG was conceived, a new building at 1313 East 60th St., in Chicago became the council\'s central home. In 1967, CSG and the Commonwealth of Kentucky entered into an agreement that provided CSG with a headquarters building in Lexington, Kentucky. The building was dedicated on June 9, 1969. In 1993, the state financed the construction of a second building to facilitate the council\'s continued growth.
Some CSG services have been offered since the early years. *The Book of the States*, which provides comprehensive data and analysis about state governments and their operations, was first published in 1935. *State Government News*, which later became the CSG bimonthly magazine, *Capitol Ideas*, was first published in 1958.
The Eastern Regional Conference was established in 1937. CSG opened a Washington, D.C. office in 1938. The Midwestern Legislative Conference was established in 1945. Both the Southern Conference---now the Southern Legislative Conference---and the Western Regional Conference---now CSG West---were established in 1947. In 2006, the CSG Justice Center was formed.
The CSG Henry Toll Fellowship program, a leadership development program for state officials, was established in 1986.
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# Council of State Governments
## History
### Timeline
- 1925 -- The American Legislators\' Association was established in Denver, CO
- 1930 -- The headquarters of the American Legislators\' Association moved to Chicago, IL
- 1935 -- The Council of State Governments (CSG) was established
- 1937 -- The Eastern Regional Conference (ERC) was established as the eastern regional office of CSG
- 1938 -- CSG opened a Washington D.C. office
- 1945 -- The Midwestern Legislative Conference (now a part of CSG Midwest) is established as the midwestern regional office of CSG
- 1947 -- The Southern Conference (now the Southern Legislative Conference) and the Western Regional Conference (now known as CSG West) are established to support CSG\'s work in the southern and western regions
- 1969 -- The CSG headquarters were moved to Lexington, KY
- 1986 -- The CSG Henry Toll Fellowship, a leadership development program for state officials was established
- 2006 -- The CSG Justice Center was formed out of the ERC justice program
- 2015 -- CSG rededicates its national headquarters after a \$5.5 million renovation to the original headquarters building
- 2016 -- CSG changes address to 1776 Avenue of the States
## Regional offices {#regional_offices}
CSG has 6 offices across the country including 4 regional offices, a federal affairs office in Washington D.C., and the headquarters office in Lexington, KY.
Region Headquarters U.S. States U.S. Territories Associate Members Website
------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------
**CSG West** Sacramento Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming American Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Alberta, British Columbia CSG West
**CSG Midwest** Chicago Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario CSG Midwest
**CSG South** (also known as **Southern Legislative Conference**) Atlanta Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia CSG SLC
**CSG East** (also known as **Eastern Regional Conference**) New York City Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont Puerto Rico, United States Virgin Islands, Washington, D.C. New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec CSG ERC
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# Council of State Governments
## Justice Center {#justice_center}
On December 3, 2006, The Council of State Governments\' Governing Board voted to transform the Eastern Regional Conference\'s (CSG/ERC) criminal justice program into a national Justice Center. The Justice Center\'s Board of Directors includes state legislative leaders, judges, corrections administrators, juvenile justice agency directors, and law enforcement professionals, who together represent a cross-section of the senior-level state officials who shape criminal justice policy across the country. The Justice Center is headquartered in New York City with additional offices in Austin, Seattle, Bethesda, and Washington, D.C.
## Affiliate organizations {#affiliate_organizations}
Affiliate organizations contribute specialized expertise, information, resources and issues to the overall mission of CSG. In turn, CSG offers a mechanism by which affiliates may tap into CSG\'s products and services, and a forum for bringing issues to a broader, collective state audience.
## Publications
- *Capitol Ideas* (bimonthly magazine)
- *The Current State* (weekly e-newsletter)
- *The Book of the States* (published annually since 1935, provides data and analyses about state governments and their operations)
- *Shared State Legislation* or SSL (annual volume that compiles legislation on topics of current importance to states)
## Presidents and Chairs {#presidents_and_chairs}
------ ------------------------------- ---------------- --------------------------------------- ----------------
Year President State Chair State
1938 Gov. Robert L. Cochran Nebraska Sen. Thomas Vernor Smith Illinois
1939 Gov. Robert L. Cochran Nebraska Assemblyman Harold C. Ostertag New York
1940 Gov. Lloyd C. Stark Missouri Rep. Ellwood J. Turner Pennsylvania
1941 Gov. Harold E. Stassen Minnesota Sen. Edgar Brown South Carolina
1942 Gov. Harold E. Stassen Minnesota Sen. Robert C. Hendrickson New Jersey
1943 Gov. Herbert R. O\'Conor Maryland Sen. Thurman A. Biddinger Indiana
1944 Gov. Leverett Saltonstall Massachusetts Sen. Grant Macfarlane Utah
1945 Gov. Herbert B. Maw Utah Sen. C. Petrus Peterson Nebraska
1946 Gov. Edward Martin Pennsylvania Rep. S. Denmead Kolb Maryland
1947 Gov. Millard F. Caldwell Florida Sen. John W. Van Ness Indiana
1948 Gov. Horace Hildreth Maine Sen. Charles H. Jenkins North Carolina
1949 Gov. William Preston Lane Jr. Maryland Sen. Burton M. Cross Maine
1950 Gov. Frank Carlson Kansas Sen. John W. Noble Missouri
1951 Gov. Frank J. Lausche Ohio Rep. Bernice T. Van der Vries Illinois
1952 Gov. Val Peterson Nebraska Rep. J. Maynard Magruder Virginia
1953 Gov. Allan Shivers Texas Rep. Elisha T. Barrett New York
1954 Gov. Dan Thornton Colorado Sen. Stanton Hall Mississippi
1955 Gov. Robert F. Kennon Louisiana Sen. Carleton G. Howe Vermont
1956 Gov. Arthur B. Langlie Washington Sen. Robert A. Ainsworth Jr. Louisiana
1957 Gov. Thomas B. Stanley Virginia Sen. Frank E. Panzer Wisconsin
1958 Gov. William G. Stratton Illinois Sen. John W. Noble Missouri
1959 Gov. LeRoy Collins Florida Sen. Elisha T. Barrett New York
1960 Gov. J. Caleb Boggs Delaware Sen. James J. McBride California
1961 Gov. Stephen L.R. McNichols Colorado Sen. Hal Bridenbaugh Nebraska
1962 Gov. Wesley Powell New Hampshire Speaker J. D. McCarty Oklahoma
1963 Gov. Albert D. Rosellini Washington Sen. David Davis Illinois
1964 Gov. John Anderson Jr. Kansas Sen. Clarence L. Carpenter Arizona
1965 Gov. Grant Sawyer Nevada Sen. C. George DeStefano Rhode Island
1966 Gov. John H. Reed Maine Sen. Albert M. Spradling Jr. Missouri
1967 Gov. William L. Guy North Dakota Sen. Charles Welch Jr. Utah
1968 Gov. John A. Volpe Massachusetts Sen. Edward L. Marcus Connecticut
1969 Gov. Buford Ellington Tennessee Sen. Edwin C. Becker North Dakota
1970 Gov. John A. Love Colorado Sen. Charles L. Delaney Vermont
1971 Gov. Warren E. Hearnes Missouri Sen. Charles L. Delaney Vermont
1972 Gov. Arch A. Moore Jr. West Virginia Speaker Ray S. Smith, Jr. Arkansas
1973 Gov. Marvin Mandel Maryland Assemblyman Charles J. Conrad California
1974 Gov. Daniel J. Evans Washington Speaker William J. Lanting Idaho
1975 Gov. Cal Rampton Utah Sen. John J. Marchi New York
1976 Gov. Robert D. Ray Iowa Sen. J. Harry Michael Jr. Virginia
1977 Gov. Reubin O\'Donovan Askew Florida Speaker Pro Tem John J. Thomas Indiana
1978 Gov. William G. Milliken Michigan Speaker Bill Clayton Texas
1979 Gov. Julian M. Carroll Kentucky Speaker James J. Kennelly Connecticut
1980 Gov. Otis R. Bowen, M.D. Indiana Senate Pres. Oliver Ocasek Ohio
1981 Gov. George Busbee Georgia Rep. William Grannell Oregon
1982 Gov. Richard A. Snelling Vermont Sen. Kenneth C. Royall Jr. North Carolina
1983 Gov. Scott M. Matheson Utah Rep. Timothy J. Moynihan Connecticut
1984 Gov. James R. Thompson Illinois Rep. Roy Hausauer North Dakota
1985 Gov. Charles S. Robb Virginia Sen. James I. Gibson Nevada
1986 Gov. Robert D. Orr Indiana Rep. John E. Miller Arkansas
1987 Gov. Richard H. Bryan Nevada Sen. Hugh Farley New York
1988 Gov. James Martin North Carolina Senate President Pro Tem Mary McClure South Dakota
1989 Gov. William A. O\'Neill Connecticut Senate President Arnold Christensen Utah
1990 Gov. Michael N. Castle Delaware Speaker Thomas B. Murphy Georgia
1991 Gov. Terry Branstad Iowa Sen. W. Paul White Massachusetts
1992 Gov. Zell Miller Georgia Rep. John Connors Iowa
1993 Gov. Jim Edgar Illinois Sen. Jeannette Hamby Oregon
1994 Gov. Ben Nelson Nebraska Rep. Bob Hunter North Carolina
1995 Gov. Mel Carnahan Missouri Assemblyman Bob Wertz New York
1996 Gov. Mike Leavitt Utah Senate President Stan Aronoff Ohio
1997 Gov. George Pataki New York Sen. Jeff Wells Colorado
1998 Gov. Pedro Rosselló Puerto Rico Rep. Charlie Williams Mississippi
1999 Gov. Tommy Thompson Wisconsin Sen. Kenneth McClintock Puerto Rico
2000 Gov. Paul E. Patton Kentucky Rep. Tom Ryder Illinois
2001 Gov. Dirk Kempthorne Idaho Sen. Manny Aragón New Mexico
2002 Gov. Parris Glendening Maryland Sen. John Chichester Virginia
2003 Gov. Mike Huckabee Arkansas Rep. Dan Bosley Massachusetts
2004 Gov. Frank Murkowski Alaska Sen. John Hottinger Minnesota
2005 Gov. Ruth Ann Minner Delaware Assemblyman Lynn Hettrick Nevada
2006 Gov. Jim Douglas Vermont Senate President Earl Ray Tomblin West Virginia
2007 Gov. Brad Henry Oklahoma Rep. Deborah Hudson Delaware
2008 Gov. M. Jodi Rell Connecticut Rep. Kim Koppelman North Dakota
2009 Gov. Joe Manchin III West Virginia Senator Bart Davis Idaho
2010 Gov. Mike Rounds South Dakota Senate President David Williams Kentucky
2011 Gov. Brian Schweitzer Montana Rep. Robert (Bob) Godfrey Connecticut
2012 Gov. Luis Fortuño Puerto Rico Sen. Jay Emler Kansas
2013 Gov. Jay Nixon Missouri Sen. Gary Stevens Alaska
2014 Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin West Virginia Sen. Mark Norris Tennessee
2015 Gov. Brian Sandoval Nevada Sen. Carl Marcellino New York
2016 Gov. Jack Markell Delaware \| Sen. Beau McCoy Nebraska
2017 Gov. Kate Brown Oregon \| Sen. Kelvin Atkinson Nevada
2018 Gov. Gary Herbert Utah \| Senate President Robert Stivers Kentucky
2019 Gov. Ricardo Rosselló Puerto Rico \| Sen. Lou D\'Allesandro New Hampshire
2020 Gov. Laura Kelly Kansas \| Rep. Joan Ballweg Wisconsin
2021 Gov. Laura Kelly Kansas \| Rep. Joan Ballweg Wisconsin
2022 Gov. David Ige Hawaii Sen. Sam Hunt Washington
2023 Gov. John Carney Delaware Rep
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# Motion to strike (court of law)
A **motion to strike** is a request by one party in a United States trial requesting that the presiding judge order the removal of all or part of the opposing party\'s pleading to the court. These motions are most commonly sought by the defendant, as to a matter contained in the plaintiff\'s complaint; however, they may also be asserted by plaintiffs to a defendant\'s answer or other pleadings such as cross-complaints. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure states that \"The court may strike from a pleading an insufficient defense or any redundant, immaterial, impertinent, or scandalous matter.\" Similarly, for example, the California Code of Civil Procedure provides that a motion to strike may be made to strike out any \"irrelevant, false, or improper matter inserted in any pleading.\" A motion to strike may also be used to request the elimination of all or a portion of a trial witness\'s testimony. During a jury trial, if a motion to strike witness testimony is granted, the jury is typically instructed to disregard the stricken statements
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# Mick Smyth
**Mick Smyth** (born 13 May 1940) was an Irish soccer player who played for Drumcondra, Shamrock Rovers, Bohemians and Athlone Town in the League of Ireland throughout the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and had a short spell in England with Barrow in the early 1960s.
He made his Rovers debut at Drogheda on 27 December 1964 and kept a clean sheet. A dominant goalkeeper, he won five FAI Cup winners medals in a row with Rovers from 1965 to 1969. After making 12 appearances in European competition for the Milltown club he left to join Bohemians in May 1971. He won two league winners medals in 1974/75 and 1977/78 and was named Irish Football Personality of the Year in 1977. He made 16 appearances in European competition for Bohs. Played in 136 competitive games in a row for Bohs between December 1973 until the April 1979.
Along with Johnny Fullam he signed for Athlone in August 1979. He signed back for Rovers in August 1982. He earned one cap for Ireland in 1968 against Poland. On 25 November 2008 his medals were stolen
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# Rock n' Bowl
**Rock\'n\'Bowl** is a live music venue located on S. Carrollton Avenue in New Orleans. It is a unique venue that combines a bowling alley and a music club together in one place. The club features various live music of local musicians, and is also famous for booking many zydeco acts. The past performers include Beau Jocque, Boozoo Chavis, Geno Delafose, Chris Ardoin, Snooks Eaglin, Wild Magnolias, and Anders Osborne.
## History
In 1941 the bowling alley opened on the upstairs floor of a small commercial mall building in Mid-City New Orleans under the name of \"Mid City Lanes.\" John Blancher, the current owner, purchased it in 1988 and a year later turned it into a live music venue, while keeping the bowling alley active. The first live music at the venue was performed on November 2, 1989, by Johnny J and the Hitmen. Following the change, the place became known as the Rock \'n\' Bowl, however, the original name \"Mid City Lanes\" has also been in use, and was still often found under that name alphabetically in music listings.
In the mid-1990s, Rock \'n\' Bowl® expanded to the ground floor of the same building creating another bar and stage for live shows underneath the bowling alley, called \"Bowl Me Under\".
In August 2005, the ground floor suffered severe flood damage due to Hurricane Katrina, but the second floor, with the bowling alley and main music stage, survived. The club re-opened by December 2005, one of the first business back open in Mid City New Orleans. Mid City Lanes Rock \'n\' Bowl remained open during reconstruction of the building. As of May, 2008, the ground floor has been gutted, and a brand new facade has been constructed, with one anchor tenant at the Tulane Avenue corner; The neon sign was in place, but the other artwork had been painted over and not reapplied.
In 2009, Rock \'n\' Bowl® moved to a new location about 12 blocks riverwards from the old venue on South Carrollton Avenue. The building faces Earhart Boulevard, with the parking lot facing Carrollton Avenue, with a sign similar to the former one at the old location. The new venue officially opened on April 15.
Murals of historic New Orleans scenes by artist Tony Green were dismantled and moved to the new location. The \"Mid-City\" in the former name \"Mid-City Rock \'n\' Bowl\" was dropped in deference to local neighborhood associations, since the new location is no longer within the boundaries of Mid-City
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# Chris Taylor (Christian rock musician)
**Chris Taylor** is an American singer and songwriter, based in San Antonio, Texas. He is the lead singer of Love Coma and a solo performer.
Taylor won the grand prize in a Dove soap jingle contest in 1997 with a song he called *Lather Up* which was written to the Rolling Stones tune *Start Me Up*. Taylor\'s 2000 album, *Worthless Pursuit of Things on the Earth*, was nominated as Rock Album of the Year for the 2001 Dove Awards.
## Discography
- 1997: *Good Thing* single (Rhythm House)
- 1998: *Down Goes the Day* (Rhythm House)
- 2000: *Worthless Pursuit of Things on the Earth* (Rhythm House)
- 2001: *The Lo-Fi Project* (independent)
- 2001: *Brand New Ache* (independent)
- 2004: *Under the Sun* (independent)
- 2006: *Acoustic Collection Vol. 1* (independent)
- 2008: *Rock and Roll Heart* (independent)
- 2010: *Twilight Sunrise* (independent)
- 2010: *Music is the Engine* (independent)
- 2006: *Acoustic Collection Vol. 2* (independent)
- 2011: *Everything Begins Here* (independent)
- 2011: *Songs Along the Way* compilation
- 2011: *blue*
- 2011: *Enter The Story (Christmas EP)*
- 2012: *Frame the Light*
- 2013: *Stranger\'s Clothes*
- 2013: *Travellers Hotel*
- 2013: *Postcards From the End of Time*
- 2014: *Daylight*
- 2016: *Never Ending Now*
- 2019: *Lovers Thieves Fools Pretenders*
Chris Taylor and Dave Stewart (formerly of the Eurhythmics, worked with Mick Jaggar, Bono, Sinéad O\'Connor, etc.) have co-written a song called \"Here and Gone (But Everlasting)\"
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# List of volcanoes in Cambodia
This is a list of active, dormant and extinct volcanoes in Cambodia.
Name Elevation Location
---------- ----------- ------------- --------------------
meters feet Coordinates
Yak Loum \- \- 13.730°N 107
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# A New Disease Is Born
***A New Disease Is Born*** is the third full-length studio album by the Greek/Swedish melodic death metal band, Nightrage. It was released by Lifeforce Records on 12 March 2007. The album features an entirely new lineup, excluding guitarist Marios Iliopoulos and bassist Henric Carlsson.
*A New Disease Is Born* appears in the lyrics to the song \"Drug\" from the previous album *Descent into Chaos*, which suggests a possible origin for the name of this album.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
## Videography
The album features a video for the song, \"Scathing\" directed by Bob Katsionis
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# Michael Teitelbaum
**Michael S. Teitelbaum** (born January 21, 1944) is a demographer and the former Vice President of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation in New York City. He is Senior Research Associate at the Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard Law School.
He publishes in both the popular and academic press on demographic trends, especially fertility and international migration and their causes and consequences. In the 1970s he was Staff Director of the Select Committee on Population in the U.S. House of Representatives, and in the 1980s he served as Commissioner to the U.S. Commission for the Study of International Migration and Cooperative Economic Development. From 1990-1997 he was Vice Chair and Acting Chair of the U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform often known as the Jordan Commission after its late Chair Barbara Jordan.
Teitelbaum was an undergraduate student at Reed College and later a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford University, where he earned his DPhil in demography in 1970. Between 1969 and 1973, he was an assistant professor and research associate in the Office of Population Research at Princeton University. From 1974 to 1978, he served as University Lecturer in Demography and Faculty Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford University. Teitelbaum also worked as a program officer for the Ford Foundation in 1973-1974 and 1980-1981. He joined the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation as a program director and became Vice President of this institution in 2007. In 2013, *ScienceCareers* from the journal *Science* named him Person of the Year for his \"dedicated, imaginative, and surpassingly effective work on behalf of early-career scientists.\"
## Ideas and scholarship {#ideas_and_scholarship}
Teitelbaum has produced an array of works on global and national demographic developments, focused on both fertility behavior and on international migration. His work also tackles the history of ideas about population, including insights into the political uses and repercussions of shifts in demography.
In *The Fear of Population Decline* (1985), Teitelbaum and his co-author Jay M. Winter provide a cross-national discussion of political and cultural anxieties about low fertility, highlighted by British and French military defeats and the tendency of political leaders to regard sagging population growth as an obstacle to national renewal. Great Britain\'s Royal Commission on Population in 1949 asserted that \"the failure of a society to reproduce itself indicates something wrong in its attitude to life, which is likely to involve other forms of decadence.\"
Teitelbaum and Winter have been critical of works such as Philip Longman\'s *The Empty Cradle: How Falling Birthrates Threaten World Prosperity and What to Do About It* (New York: Basic Books, 2004) that express alarms about the prospects for world civilization if procreation does not have an upsurge in the twenty-first century. In the *New York Times* (April 6, 2014), Teitelbaum and Winter warned against the \"dark prophecies\" about population decline, noting that such concerns have a long history of exaggeration that persist to this day. A century ago Theodore Roosevelt thundered against Anglo-Saxon \"race suicide,\" while Depression-era fertility declines led to books such as *The Twilight of Parenthood: A Biological Study of the Decline of Population Growth* (1934) by the socialist feminist Enid Charles. After the low fertility rates of the Great Depression were supplanted by the baby boom of the postwar period, environmentalists and left-leaning observers began to forecast mass starvation on the assumption that food production could not keep pace with high population growth rates in the developing world \[works such as Paul Erlich\'s *The Population Bomb* (1968)\].
In making his case for pro-natalist policies in the prestigious journal *Foreign Affairs* (September/October 2004), Longman has criticized Teitelbaum for focusing a historical lens on the problem of population decline: \"The matter cannot be settled by pointing to history, because no previous society has experienced aging on the scale and at the speed of that now occurring throughout the world.... Countries such as China are now aging as much in one generation as France did over the course of centuries.\"
As a foundation executive, Teitelbaum played a significant role in nurturing a network of scholars and policy experts on the economics of science and engineering. He observed that passionate debates about feared \"shortages\" of US scientists and engineers were being conducted without rigorous data and information. Thus, he helped support the formation of the Science and Engineering Workforce Project based at the National Bureau of Economic Research and led by Harvard labor economist Richard B. Freeman. Teitelbaum also realized that universities and scientific research institutes were vastly expanding the hiring of postdocs often for long periods but with little likelihood of a career path in research. He initiated a Sloan Foundation grants program to improve data collection and analysis about postdocs, and provided start-up support for the National Postdoctoral Association (NPA), founded in 2003 and now based in Washington, D.C.
Teitelbaum has brought historical approaches to the understanding of labor market conditions for scientists and engineers in the United States. In *Falling Behind? Boom, Bust & the Global Race for Scientific Talent* (Princeton University Press, 2014), he identifies five periods since World War II in which alarms were sounded that the United States was in danger of a catastrophic shortage of scientific talent. He suggests that the panics that ensued frequently lead to boom and bust cycles that are not healthy for scientific research, nor for the economic well-being of scientists and their research institutions. Nonetheless, claims of \"shortages\" of scientists and engineers continue to be strongly promoted by industry lobbyists and others. Teitelbaum\'s demonstration of the flimsy evidence underlying many such claims seems likely to be contested or ignored by well-financed advocates of shortage claims
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# Philip Hunloke
Major **Sir Philip Hunloke** `{{post-nominals|country=GBR|GCVO}}`{=mediawiki} (born **Philip Perceval**, 26 November 1868 -- 1 April 1947) was a British sailor and courtier.
He was the son of Captain Philip Perceval of the Royal Horse Guards but changed his name in 1905. He was a crew member of the British boat *Sorais*, which won the bronze medal in the 8-metre class in the 1908 Summer Olympics.
He served as a Groom in Waiting to King George V from 1911 to 1936, to Edward VIII in 1936, and an extra groom-in-waiting to George VI from 1937 to 1947. He also served in the Boer War and First World War, reaching the rank of Major. He was Commodore of the Royal Yacht Club from 1943 until his death and was a Younger Brother at Trinity House.
He was the father of the Conservative MP Henry Hunloke. His maternal grandmother was Sophia Sidney, Baroness De L\'Isle and Dudley, daughter of William IV of the United Kingdom
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# Glyndwr Jones
**Glyndwr Cennydd Jones** (born March 1969) is a chief executive officer, education professional, writer on constitutional matters, and former political candidate.
Glyndwr Cennydd Jones is the Director of a UK-wide industry body in the arts, culture and education sectors, a position he has held since September 2012. He previously had a senior role at an international awarding organisation for over 11 years and was awarded Honorary Membership of Trinity College London in 2010 for outstanding services in the field of academic quality assurance and government accreditation globally. He is co-author of a Manifesto for Performing Arts Education (2024) backed by Sir Cameron Mackintosh and Andrew Lloyd Webber KG, and the report Securing Access to Performing Arts Education for All (2023) which were released at Westminster launches following discussions by the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Performing Arts Education and Training. He also authored the booklet Graded Exams: The Definitive Guide (2014).
Glyndwr is a writer on constitutional matters and an advocate for a UK-wide constitutional convention. He released joint publications with Lord David Owen and Lord Elystan Morgan in 2017 and 2018 respectively, and a booklet of constitutional reflections in March 2022, which includes a preface by Carwyn Jones, the former First Minister of Wales for almost 10 years, and an afterword by Lord David Owen. This work led to joint interviews with Professor John Denham (former UK Cabinet Minister), Professor Jim Gallagher (former UK Director General of Devolution), David Melding (former Deputy Presiding Officer of Senedd), Markus Leitner (Swiss Ambassador to the UK), and Professor Carwyn Jones.
Glyndwr is a Fellow of the Institute of Welsh Affairs, and stood for Plaid Cymru in the constituency of Merthyr Tydfil and Rhymney during the period of the party\'s Welsh Assembly coalition with Labour in the National Assembly for Wales Election 2007, after which he has pursued his professional career. He is an advocate for greater cross-party collaboration
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# Open Doors (film)
***Open Doors*** (*\'\'\'Porte aperte\'\'\'*) is a 1990 Italian film directed by Gianni Amelio, based on the 1987 novel *Porte Aperte* by Leonardo Sciascia. Set in 1930s Palermo, the film follows a judge who challenges the prevailing support for the death penalty. His stance is tested when a man perpetrates a gruesome triple murder, sparking conflict with both the fascist regime and public sentiment, ultimately compelling him to confront his moral principles.
The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Foreign Language Film at the 63rd Academy Awards.
## Plot
In 1936, in Palermo, a former judicial officer named Tommaso Scalia brutally murders the former top lawyer, Spatafora, who was responsible for his dismissal, along with his colleague who replaced him due to their association with a fascist organization. He then proceeds to assault and kill his own wife before turning himself in to the police. The public demands Scalia\'s execution, and the justice system, aligned with Mussolini\'s regime, is eager to comply. However, a jury member named Vito Di Francesco, opposed to capital punishment, attempts to uncover the true motives behind the crimes through subtle questioning of witnesses. Throughout the trial, he clashes not only with the prosecutor and court officials, who prioritize strict adherence to state laws even at the expense of humanity, but also faces hostility from the defendant himself.
Consolo, a modest landowner serving as a juror, supports Di Francesco\'s approach. Eventually, Scalia is sentenced to a prison term instead of execution. Shortly after, Di Francesco is transferred to a remote district court, where his idea that justice should be guided by principles of fairness rather than political agendas fails to attract attention.
## Cast
- Gian Maria Volonté as Judge Vito di Francesco
- Ennio Fantastichini as Tommasco Scalia
- Renato Carpentieri as Consolo
- Tuccio Musumeci as Spatafora
- Silverio Blasi as Attorney
- Vitalba Andrea as Rosa Scalia
- Giacomo Piperno as Prosecutor
- Lydia Alfonsi as Marchesa Anna Pironti
- Renzo Giovampietro as President Sanna
## Awards and nominations {#awards_and_nominations}
### Won
- **1991 David di Donatello**:
- Best Actor - Gian Maria Volonté
- Best Costume Design - Gianna Gissi
- Best Film
- Best Sound - Remo Ugolinelli
- **3rd European Film Awards**:
- Best Cinematography
- Best Film
- Discovery of the Year Award - Ennio Fantastichini
- **Italian Golden Globes**:
- Best Actor - Gian Maria Volonté
- Best Film
- Best Screenplay
- **Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists**
- Best Director
- Best Supporting Actor - Ennio Fantastichini
- **Montpellier Mediterranean Film Festival**
- Critics Award - Gianni Amelio
- Golden Antigone - Gianni Amelio
### Nominated
- **63rd Academy Awards**:
- Best Foreign Language Film
- **1991 David di Donatello**:
- Best Cinematography - Tonino Nardi
- Best Director - Gianni Amelio
- Best Editing - Simona Paggi
- Best Producer - Angelo Rizzoli Jr
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# Bardowie Castle
**Bardowie Castle** is located 2 km east of Milngavie, in East Dunbartonshire, Scotland. The A-Listed building overlooks Bardowie Loch. The oldest sections were built in the 16th century and additions were made in the 17th and 18th centuries.
## History
Bardowie was the property of the Clan Galbraith from 1214, and passed by marriage to John Hamilton of Cadzow in the later 14th century. The tower was built in 1566, with additions made from the late 17th or early 18th century. The later part of the castle is dated 1713. In the mid 18th century the castle passed by marriage to Thomas Buchanan of Spittal-Leny, whose descendants owned the castle until the early 20th century. Thomas\' son Francis Buchanan-Hamilton claimed the chiefship of Clan Buchanan. In his 1854 *Rambles Round Glasgow*, Hugh Macdonald wrote that Bardowie Castle was \"an edifice of moderate size, somewhat timeworn, yet withal wearing an appearance of quiet cosiness and comfort\". The castle was sold several times in the 20th century, including in 1912 and 1951.
The castle has been a category A listed building since 1973. LB5726 The description stated: \"Tower c.1566, and additions made from late C17th or early C18th onwards. The latter are still occupied as a modern mansion\".
In 2002, the property was owned by motivational speaker Jack Black, the founder of MindStore, who listed it for sale when he was unable to get a permit to operate his wife\'s software business from the property. By that time, the interior had been extensively modernized. In 2004, the castle interior was described as including \"6 reception rooms, 9 bedrooms, 8 bath/shower rooms, kitchen, library, home cinema, 2 kitchenettes, sauna, gymnasium.\"
The property was listed for sale in June 2019, and the news report photos indicated that the interior had certainly been modernized. The grounds included a former orchard, tennis court, walled garden, two garages and a patio
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# Alfred Hughes (sailor)
**Alfred Collingwood Hughes** (1868 -- 17 February 1935) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the British boat *Sorais*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class
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# Association of University Programs in Health Administration
The **Association of University Programs in Health Administration** (**AUPHA**) is a non-profit organization of university-based educational programs, faculty, practitioners, and health care provider organizations.
It works to improve the delivery of health services through the educational of health care administrators. AUPHA also administers Upsilon Phi Delta, the national academic honor society health administration students.
Dan Gentry joined the AUPHA staff in March 2020
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# Hitachi Monorail
The **Hitachi Monorail System** refers to the family of monorails offered by Hitachi Rail.
## List of notable Hitachi monorails {#list_of_notable_hitachi_monorails}
Hitachi\'s designs are ALWEG-based, and are available in three configurations:
Type Capacity Axle load Track beam Maximum grade Turning radius
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- ----------------
Large 415 6%
Standard 348 6%
Small 194 6%
All specifications as per Hitachi. \"Capacity\" represents regular load (three passengers per square metre) for a four-car trainset.
All Hitachi trains except those on Japan\'s oldest operational monorail have floors entirely above all the wheels.
### Large
- Kitakyushu Monorail, opened 1984
- Osaka Monorail, opened 1990
- Tama Toshi Monorail Line, opened 1998
- Chongqing Rail Transit (Line 2 & Line 3), opened 2005 & 2011 (CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles also took part in the project)
- Panama Metro (Line 3), opening 2027-2028
### Standard
- Tokyo Monorail, opened 1964
- Okinawa Urban Monorail, opened 2003
- Palm Jumeirah Monorail, (Dubai, United Arab Emirates) opened April 2009
- Daegu Metro Line 3, (Daegu, South Korea) opened April 2015 (prototype set only, remaining 27 built by Woojin Industrial Systems)
### Small
- Sentosa Express (Sentosa, Singapore), opened 2007
## Picture gallery {#picture_gallery}
<File:Model> 1000 of Tokyo-Monorail.jpg\|Tokyo Monorail <File:Kitakyushu> monorail.jpg\|Kitakyushu Monorail <File:OsakaMonorail1000Series01.jpg>\|Osaka Monorail <File:Tama> monorail.jpg\|Tama Toshi Monorail Line <File:Omoromachi> Station exterior with train 20070102.jpg\|Okinawa Urban Monorail <File:SentosaExpressTrain-Sentosa-20060530.jpg>\|Sentosa Express <File:Dubai> Monorail 01.jpg\|Palm Jumeirah Monorail <File:Daegu> Monorail
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# Frederick Hughes (sailor)
` ``{{MedalSport|[[Sailing at the Summer Olympics|Sailing]]}}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{Medal|Country|{{GBR}}}}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{MedalCompetition|[[Olympic Games]] }}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{Medal | Bronze | [[Sailing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – 8 Metre|1908 London]] | [[8 Metre]] }}`{=mediawiki}
**Frederick Saint-John Hughes** (22 February 1866 -- 3 November 1956) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the British boat *Sorais*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class
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# Howard Griffiths (conductor)
**Howard Griffiths** (born 24 February 1950) is a British conductor.
Griffiths was born in Hastings. He studied music at the Royal College of Music, London.
He has lived in Switzerland since 1981. From 1996 to 2006, he was chief conductor and artistic director of the Zurich Chamber Orchestra (Zürcher Kammerorchester, ZKO). Griffiths is a champion of music by contemporary Turkish and Swiss composers. With the ZKO, he has also conducted works in a classical and classical modern range, including CDs of Haydn\'s Creation, symphonies by Mozart and Ferdinand Ries and works by Beethoven, Pleyel, Cherubini and Handel. He has recorded over 60 CDs under various labels.
In the UK, Griffiths was principal guest conductor of the Oxford Orchestra da Camera from 1994 to 1997. He has also been artistic director of the Orpheum Foundation for the Promotion of Young Soloists since 2000. He was appointed MBE in the 2006 New Year Honours.
From 2007 to 2018 Howard Griffiths was chief conductor of the Brandenburgisches Staatsorchester (BSOF) in Frankfurt (Oder).
Griffiths is married to the Turkish violist Semra Griffiths, who plays in the Zurich Opera orchestra. Their son Kevin Griffiths is a conductor
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# Federal War
The **Federal War** (*Guerra Federal*) --- also known as the **Great War** or the **5 Year War** --- was a civil war in Venezuela between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party over the monopoly the Conservatives held over government positions and land ownership, and their intransigence in granting any reforms. This drove the Liberals -- known as the *Federalists* -- to look for greater autonomy for the provinces: a new federalism for Venezuela, as it were. It was the biggest and bloodiest civil war that Venezuela had since its independence from Spain on 5 July 1811. Around a hundred thousand people died in the violence of the war, or from hunger or disease, in a country with a population of just over a million people.
The conflict was a struggle for power between the `{{interlanguage link|Gobierno de Julián Castro|lt=conservative government|es}}`{=mediawiki} of President Julián Castro, who had ousted his predecessor José Tadeo Monagas in March 1858, and the liberal opposition led by Ezequiel Zamora.\
The Liberals initially gained the upper hand, winning several battles in 1859, until their crushing defeat in the Battle of Coplé in February 1860. After this defeat and the death of Ezequiel Zamora, the new Liberal leader Juan Crisóstomo Falcón switched to guerrilla warfare, that by 1863 had weakened the government troops and caused the desertion of thousands of their soldiers. This forced the Conservative leader José Antonio Páez to sue for peace.
## Struggles in the government and society {#struggles_in_the_government_and_society}
Venezuela was facing many social and governmental struggles during this time period. Many factors contributed to the start of the war within the country, including social problems inherited from the struggle for independence, tensions among the diverse economic and political groups, a succession of armed movements in rural areas, and the hopes for a change in the government structure which was a centralist-federalist government.
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# Federal War
## Course of the war {#course_of_the_war}
### 1859
On 20 February 1859, Lieutenant Colonel Tirso Salaverría occupied the northern Venezuelan military base in Coro and proclaimed the creation of a federation, the abolition of the death penalty, universal suffrage and political pluralism. As a result, fighting broke out in various parts of the country, starting the Federal War in Venezuela. The first major battle was the Battle of Santa Inés on 10 December 1859. The Federalists, led by General Ezequiel Zamora, won. Zamora was able to consolidate his control of the Llanos and prepare the Liberals\' advance north.
### 1860 {#section_1}
Zamora\'s troops besieged the city of San Carlos for a week in January 1860. Ezequiel Zamora was killed by a sniper on 10 January 1860 and the Federalists had to break off the siege.
After Zamora\'s death, his brother-in-law, General Juan Crisóstomo Falcón, took command of the insurgent troops. Since they were weakened after the unsuccessful attack on San Carlos, Falcón decided to avoid battle and wait for reinforcements from a contingent under General Juan Antonio Sotillo. The government troops under General Febres Cordero went after Falcón. At Coplé, a crossroads between Calabozo, Camaguán and Guayabal, the Battle of Coplé was fought on 17 February 1860, in which the government troops were victorious.
Nevertheless, the defeated Federalists managed to withdraw in an orderly manner. Falcón changed his strategy: guerrilla warfare instead of pitched battles. On trips to Colombia, Haiti and the Caribbean, he sought and found help to continue the war.
### 1861 {#section_2}
Falcón returned to Venezuela in July 1861. The Federalists consolidated their positions so that their units could make more and more advances against the government troops. The first peace negotiations took place in December 1861, but were unsuccessful.
### 1862 {#section_3}
During 1862, the Federalists won several victories, namely at Pureche, El Corubo, Mapararí and Buchivacoa.
### 1863 {#section_4}
The government troops were now weakened by the long guerrilla war and the desertion of thousands of soldiers. When the Federalists surrounded Coro in April 1863, the Conservatives were willing to negotiate. On 22 May 1863, President José Antonio Páez and General Falcón signed the Peace Treaty of Coche (named after an estate not far from Caracas), which sealed the victory of the Liberals. Falcón became the new President.
## End of the war {#end_of_the_war}
The Federal War in Venezuela went on for four years until April 1863 due to the signing of the treaty of Coche that put an end to it. Many changes came with the end of the war:
- Juan Crisóstomo Falcón becomes president of Venezuela on 15 June 1863
- Abolition of the death penalty.
- Establishment of the Federation, with the entry into force of the constitution of 1864.
- Shortage of the agricultural activity in the plains due to the fires.
- Decrease in foreign trade.
- Reduction of the central government army.
## Important people {#important_people}
Ezequiel Zamora was the Federalist who won the Battle of Santa Ines in 1859. Zamora was a Venezuelan soldier and leader of the Federalists in the Federal War. Through his friendship with the lawyer José Manuel García, Zamora learned a lot about philosophy and the foundations of Roman law, and he soon advocated for the \"principles of equality\" and the need for Venezuela to have this implemented. He was named the Federalists\' \"Chief Operating Officer of the West\" after the battles he won there.
León de Febres Cordero was an army and political conservative from Venezuela who was a key leader in the war for independence of the country. He was also a key person in the Federal War and won many battles for the Conservatives including the battle of Coplé. Leon lost the battle of Santa Inés, where he retreated to save his troops. Later, he regathered strength, and in Caracas, Febres Cordero defeated the Federalists and celebrated victory in the battle of Coplé
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# Albert Gemmrich
**Albert Gemmrich** (born 13 February 1955) is a French former professional footballer who played as a striker. He obtained five caps scoring twice for the France national team.
## Career statistics {#career_statistics}
: *Scores and results list France\'s goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Gemmrich goal.*
No
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# Heineken Premium Light
**Heineken Light** (labelled as *Heineken 3* in Australia) is a light beer brewed by Heineken for the United States market. It was introduced in 2005. Heineken light reportedly has: 90 calories per 12 oz. bottle and 6.8 grams of carbohydrates. The beer has fewer calories, less carbohydrate, and less alcohol than lager beers such as the Heineken Pilsener. The beer has 3.3% alcohol by volume.
## Launch
Heineken started to develop Heineken Premium Light in 2004. The beer was successfully brought on the market in Phoenix, Dallas, Providence, and Tampa in 2005. On 1 March 2006 Heineken Premium Light was launched in all the states of the USA. With 68 million litres of Heineken Premium Light in 2006, the first year exceeded the estimated 40 million litres. For 2007, the estimates are over 100 million litres. Heineken mentioned in the 2006 annual report: \"The launch of this first true brand extension was the most important innovation in the actual beer since the Heineken brand was born in 1873.\"
American sales of the beer, however, declined between 2007 and 2012, with 440,000 barrels (52.5 million litres) sold in America in 2012, according to a report by Beer Marketer\'s Insights and published by *USA Today* on December 9, 2013
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# Eagle's Claw
*For the ride, visit Eagle\'s Claw (Lightwater Valley).* `{{Use Hong Kong English|date=May 2014}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox film
| name = Eagle's Claw
| image = Eagle's Claw (1978) Film Poster.jpg
| caption = [[Film poster]]
| director = [[Lee Tso Nam]]
| producer = [[Huang Feng]]
| writer =
| narrator =
| starring = [[Chi Kuan Chun|Chi Kwan Chun]]<br/>[[Wong Tao]]<br/>[[Chang Yi (actor)|Chang Yi]]<br/>[[Hwa Ling]]<br/>[[Philip Kao]]<br/>[[Leung Kar Yan]]
| music =
| cinematography =
| editing =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1978}}
| runtime =
| country = [[Hong Kong]]
| language =
| budget =
| gross =
}}`{=mediawiki}
***Eagle\'s Claw*** (also known as ***Eagle Fist***, Mandarin title ***Ying zhao tang lang **\'\', Cantonese title***Ying chau tong long**\'\') is a 1978 martial arts film directed by Lee Tso Nam, starring Wong Tao, Chang Yi and Chi Kwan Chun.
## Plot
The mainly evil Mantis Fist school and the righteous Eagle Claw have fought out a bitter rivalry over many years. The culmination in this progressive clash is the death of the Eagle\'s Claw school master due to a severe beating by his savage, eccentric rival. With the school now in turmoil, the dying master leaves the responsibilities of his legacy to his second most senior pupil (Wong Tao) while ignoring the quietly seething senior student (Chi Kwan Chun). The forgotten man cannot contain his rage for long though and storms off to the Mantis Fist school out of spite. While at his new school, the senior student begins to attract the attention of his new master\'s daughter and makes strong progress in the Mantis Fist school. However, his former friends continue to harbor resentment after his sudden exit and refuse to let the rivalry end. All is not as obvious as it seems though and the real motives of each character is revealed before the classic fight finale
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# Sharda (singer)
**Sharda Rajan Iyengar** (25 October 1933 -- 14 June 2023), known professionally as **Sharda**, was an Indian playback singer most active in the 1960s and 1970s. She won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the cabaret \"Baat Zara Hai Aapas Ki\" in *Jahan Pyar Miley* (1970), though she is most remembered for her song \"Titli Udi\" in *Suraj* (1966). In 2007, she released her album *Andaaz-E-Bayan Aur*, featuring her own compositions based on Mirza Ghalib\'s ghazals.
## Early life {#early_life}
Sharda was from an Iyengar family from Tamil Nadu, India and was inclined towards music from childhood. She graduated`{{Where|date=June 2023}}`{=mediawiki}`{{When|date=June 2023}}`{=mediawiki} with a BA degree.
## Career
Early in her career Sharda was offered a voice test by Raj Kapoor when he first heard her singing at Shrichand Ahuja\'s residence in Tehran. She got her first big break in Bollywood with the song \"Titli Udi\" in *Suraj* (1966). She was promoted by Shankar of the Shankar Jaikishan duo.
\"Titli udi\" turned out to be a top chartbuster in 1966. It so happens that the coveted Filmfare award for best playback singer had only one category (either male or female) until 1966. \"Titli Udi\" song, however, was tied as best song with Mohd Rafi\'s song \"Baharo Phool Barsao\" which had never happened before. Sharda didn\'t win the award but from then on Filmfare started giving two awards for best playback singer: one for male singer and the other for female singer. Thus Sharda made history. Thereafter Sharda was nominated four years in a row (1968--71) for best female playback singer and won another Filmfare award. In a short span Sharda won two Filmfare awards, when the Mangeshkar Sisters were dominating. Thereafter she continued singing for Shankar in nearly all of his films until his death. Her voice was last heard in *Kaanch Ki Deewar* (1986).
She sang with singers such as Mohammed Rafi, Asha Bhosle, Kishore Kumar, Yesudas, Mukesh, and Suman Kalyanpur. She lent her voice to leading ladies of the time like Vyjayanthimala, Rajshree, Sadhana, Saira Banu, Hema Malini, Sharmila Tagore, Mumtaz, Rekha, and Helen. In addition to Shankar, she recorded songs with Usha Khanna, Ravi, Dattaram, Iqbal Qureshi, and others. She was the first Indian female singer to record her own pop album in India with *Sizzlers,* released in 1971 by His Master\'s Voice.
## Original music {#original_music}
On 21 July 2007 Sharda released her Ghazal album *Andaaz-e-Bayan Aur*, a compilation of Mirza Ghalib\'s ghazals. The album was released at Juhu Jagriti Mumbai at the hands`{{What|reason=What does released at the hands of an actress mean|date=June 2023}}`{=mediawiki} of actress Shabana Azmi. Music Director Khayyam was present at the release party, where Sharda thrilled the audience by singing a few songs from the album.
Shankar composed \"Ek Chehra jo Dil Ke Kareeb\" for a film called *Garam Khoon* (1980) and sung by Lata Mangeshkar. The song was penned by Sharda under the name Singaar and picturised`{{What|reason=This is not a word|date=June 2023}}`{=mediawiki} on Sulakshana Pandit.
In the mid-1970s she directed music for films like *Maa Behen Aur Biwi*, *Tu Meri Main Tera*, *Kshitij*, *Mandir Masjid,* and *Maila Anchal*. Mohd Rafi was nominated for Filmfare Best Male Playback Singer Award for the song \"Achcha Hi Hua Dil Toot Gaya\" from *Maa Behen Aur Biwi* (1974), which he sang under Sharda\'s music direction.
## Death
Sharda died on 14 June 2023, at the age of 89.
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# Sharda (singer)
## Popular songs {#popular_songs}
- \"Titli udi\" (*Suraj*)
- \"Dekho mera dil machal gaya\" (*Suraj*)
- \"Baat Zara Hai Aapas Ki\" (*Jahan Pyar Miley*, 1970, **Filmware Award Winner**)
- \"Aa Aayega kaun yahan\" (*Gumnaam*)
- \"Jaan e Chaman Shola badan\" (*Gumnaam*) -- with Mohd Rafi
- \"Masti Aur Jawani Ho Umar Badi Mastani Ho\" (Dil Daulat Duniya) -- With Kishore Kumar & Asha Bhosle
- \"Jigar ka dard badhta ja raha hai\" (*Street Singer*) - with Mohd Rafi
- \"Bakkamma-2 Bakkamma-2 Ekkada Potao Ra\" (*Shatranj*) - with Mohd Rafi and Mehmood
- \"Leja Leja Leja mera dil\" (*An Evening in Paris*)
- \"Chale jana zara thhahro\" (*Around The World*) -- with Mukesh
- \"Tum Pyar se dekho\" (*Sapno Ka Saudagar*) -- with Mukesh
- \"Duniya ki sair kar lo\" (*Around The World*) - with Mukesh
- \"Woh Pari kahan se laun\" (*Pehchan*) -- with Mukesh and Suman Kalyanpur
- \"Kisike dil ko sanam\" (*\[\[Kal Aaj Aur Kal\]\]*)
- \"Jab bhi yeh dil udaas hota hai\" (*Seema*) -- with Mohd Rafi
- \"Aap ki Rai Mere Baare Mein kya hai kahiye\" (*Elaan*) -- with Mohd Rafi
- \"Jane Anjane Yahan sabhi hain Deewane\" (*Jane Anjane*)
- \"Jaane bhi De Sanam Mujhe, abhi jaane\...\" (*Around the World*)
- \"Man ke panchhi kaheen duur chal, duur chal\" (\"Naina\")
- \"Wahi Pyar Ke Khuda Hum Jin Pe Fida\" ( \"Paapi Pet Ka Sawal Hai\" 1984 )
- Tera ang ka rang hai anguri (Chanda aur Bijli)
- Yeh muh aur massur ki dhal (Around the world) with Mubarak Begum
- Humko tou barbad kiya hay aur kisey barbad karogey (Gunahon ka Devta 1967) - with Mohd. Rafi
- Sunn sunn re balam, dil tujhko pukarey (Pyar Mohabbat 1968)- with Mohd
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# Motion to strike (United States Congress)
A **motion to strike** is an amendment which seeks to delete language from a bill proposed in either the House of Representatives or Senate of the United States Congress, or to delete language from an earlier amendment.
It is one of three types of amendments; the other two are motion to insert, and motion to strike and insert.
A motion to **strike the last word** is a pro forma amendment under the \"five minute rule\", formally proposing to remove the last word from the text under consideration, but in practical terms simply seeking an additional five minutes to speak
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| 0 |
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# George Ratsey
**George Ernest Ratsey** (25 July 1875 -- 25 December 1942) was a British sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He is the father of George Colin Ratsey and Ernest Ratsey.
## Biography
He was a crew member of the British boat *Sorais*, which won the bronze medal in the 8 metre class. He died on 25 December 1942 in New Rochelle, New York
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# Turlough O'Connor (footballer)
**Turlough O\'Connor** (born 22 July 1946) is an Irish former footballer and manager. He is a member of the Bohemians Hall of Fame.
His two brothers Padraig O\'Connor and Michael O\'Connor also played for Athlone Town.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
He has spells as player at Limerick F.C., where he made a scoring debut in a League of Ireland Shield game at Sligo on 25 August 1963, Bohemians, Fulham, Bohemians again, Dundalk and Athlone Town. He made 191 league appearances (scoring 120 times) and 15 appearances in European competition for Bohs (scoring 1 goal) against Rangers in the European Cup [1](http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/archive/1975/1002/Pg003.html#Ar00302:52B3AD58C3C944C3C948C3E55944225D943E3B549C3F04B33FE64243965943167545E68D46067546C68C4A580A4C28224C280A4C88223B681F3D383748C86A4C7882418A9F453AB7). He was top scorer in the League of Ireland in 1973/74 and 1977/78. O\'Connor scored 24 times in 29 league appearances in the latter season. He was Bohemian\'s top scorer in 7 different seasons, his first being in 1964/65 when he scored 8 goals in just 7 games.
As of the end of the 2012 season, O\'Connor is fourth in the all time League of Ireland goalscoring chart with 178 league goals.[2](https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/iertops.html) - 120 with Bohemians, 54 with Dundalk, 4 with Athlone. He also netted 15 goals in the FAI Cup (14 with Bohs, 1 with Dundalk) and 2 goals for the Irish full international team. O\'Connor was capped twice at youth level.
## Managerial career {#managerial_career}
He was also a very successful manager and has managed Athlone Town, Dundalk and Bohemians. His best period as manager came during his 5-year tenure at Athlone Town where the League Championship was won twice and the League Cup was won three times, with the Tyler All-Ireland Cup also making its way to St. Mels Park. O\'Connor then took over Dundalk in time for the 1985/86 season. He picked up more silverware during his time at Dundalk winning 2 League Championships, an FAI Cup and 2 League Cups until he left Oriel Park in October 1993. He was not out of football long as he returned to Bohemians on 14 December 1993 where he stayed until the summer of 1998. During this time he also managed the Republic of Ireland under-17 team in the 1994 European Under-16 Championship held in Ireland in May 1994.
## Career statistics {#career_statistics}
### International goals {#international_goals}
\# Date Venue Opponent Score Result Competition
---------------------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ------- -------- -------------------------
1\. 22 November 1967 Stadión Slavia, Prague, Czechoslovakia 1--2 Win Euro 1968 qual.
2\
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# Colin Ratsey
**George Colin Ratsey** (30 July 1906 -- 12 March 1984), educated at Brighton College, was a British sailor and sail maker who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He won the silver medal in the Star class. He is the son of George Ernest Ratsey and granduncle of another Olympic sailor, Franklin Ratsey Woodroffe
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# Boomtown New Orleans
**Boomtown New Orleans** (formerly **Boomtown Westbank**) is a casino hotel located on the West Bank of Jefferson Parish in Harvey, Louisiana. It is on a 54 acre site. It is owned by Gaming and Leisure Properties and operated by Penn Entertainment.
## Casino
Boomtown is the largest riverboat casino in Southeast Louisiana since its acquisition of one of the twin River City Casino riverboats in 1998. It has over 1,500 slots and video poker games, 30 table games on the first floor, and is open 24 hours a day.
## Amenities
Boomtown has a five-story hotel with 150 rooms.
The facility offers four different dining options: NOLA Steak, The Sportsbook, Asia and Bayou Market Express. Entertainment options are Boomer\'s Nightclub where local cover bands (i.e. The Chee-Weez) and national acts come to perform and special event parties. There\'s also the ETC gift shop.
## History
Boomtown, Inc. opened its **Boomtown Westbank** casino on August 6, 1994.
The property became part of Hollywood Park, Inc. (later Pinnacle Entertainment) with its purchase in 1997 of Boomtown, Inc.
In 2006, Pinnacle approved a major expansion for Boomtown New Orleans, expected to cost \$145 million, including a 200-room, four-star hotel with a spa and salon, an expansion of the Boomers nightclub, an Asian restaurant, additional meeting space, a new employee dining area, and an expansion of the buffet. The expansion was supposed to start in the first quarter of 2007 and be finished by the second quarter of 2008.
A renewed expansion plan was announced in 2012, including a \$20-million, 150-room hotel, fitness center, meeting rooms, and 250 new parking spaces. The hotel opened on January 21, 2015.
In 2016, the property was sold to Gaming and Leisure Properties along with almost all of Pinnacle\'s real estate assets, and leased back to Pinnacle. Penn National Gaming (now Penn Entertainment) acquired Boomtown\'s operations in 2018, as part of the acquisition of Pinnacle
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# Okita Mitsu
**Okita Mitsu** (沖田 みつ; May 26, 1833 -- November 2, 1907) was the eldest sister of Okita Sōji, captain of the first unit of the Shinsengumi.
## Background
She was born the eldest daughter of Okita Katsujirō, in a samurai family from Mutsu Province. In 1846, she married Inoue Rintarō, who later became Okita Rintarō, after being adopted into the Okita family. They had a child in 1853.
In 1868, during the Boshin War, Sōji was suffering from tuberculosis and thus stayed with Mitsu and her family in Edo, while the rest of the Tokugawa shogunate forces retreated to the Tohoku region. Mitsu looked after the terminally ill Sōji, until she and her family were forced to evacuate to Shonai han. Sōji died on May 30 of that year.
Mitsu returned to Edo in 1872. Her husband died in 1883, and she went to live with her youngest son in Manchuria. She died in 1907.
## In popular culture {#in_popular_culture}
In *Gintama*, Okita Sōgo\'s sister, Okita Mitsuba, is based on her.
In the 2004 Taiga drama *Shinsengumi!*, she was portrayed by Yasuko Sawaguchi
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# William Dudley Ward
**William Dudley Ward** PC (14 October 1877 -- 11 November 1946) was an English sportsman and Liberal Party politician.
## Early life {#early_life}
Dudley Ward was born in London, the son of William Humble Dudley Ward and the great-grandson of William Humble Ward, 10th Baron Ward. His mother was the Honourable Eugenie Violet Adele Brett, daughter of William Brett, 1st Viscount Esher. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. At Cambridge, he was secretary of the Pitt Club.
## Sporting activities {#sporting_activities}
Dudley Ward rowed for Cambridge in the Boat Race in 1897 when Oxford won, and as President of Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC), he rowed in the winning Cambridge crews in the 1899 and 1900 Boat Races.
At Henley Royal Regatta, he was runner-up in Silver Goblets (pairs\' event) in 1900 with Raymond Etherington-Smith. His crew won the Stewards\' Challenge Cup in 1901. In 1902, he won the Grand Challenge Cup, the Stewards\' Challenge Cup again, and the Silver Goblets partnering Claude Taylor. In 1903 his crew won the Stewards\' and Grand again.
In the 1908 Summer Olympics, Dudley Ward was a crew member of the British boat *Sorais*, which won the bronze medal in the 8-metre class.
## Political career {#political_career}
Dudley Ward was returned to Parliament for Southampton in 1906, a seat he held until 1922, and served under H. H. Asquith as Treasurer of the Household from 1909 to 1912. During World War I he was a Lieutenant Commander in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve, though this may have been a cover for his counter-espionage work for Admiral Sir William Reginald Hall, Director of Naval Intelligence. He served under David Lloyd George as Vice-Chamberlain of the Household from 1917 to 1922. In 1922 he was admitted to the Privy Council.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Dudley Ward reportedly \"had a liking for the fleshpots and was known, on occasions, to turn up for training still dressed in white tie and tails.\" He married Winifred May \"Freda\" Birkin (better known under her married name of Freda Dudley Ward), daughter of Colonel Charles Wilfred Birkin, in 1913. She was a socialite and became a mistress of Edward, Prince of Wales. The marriage produced two daughters, of whom the elder, Penelope Dudley-Ward, was a leading actress in the 1930s and 1940s. The couple were divorced in 1931. After retiring from politics, he divided his time between England and Canada, where he was custodian of Edward, Prince of Wales\'s Alberta properties, primarily the E.P. Ranch, the royal\'s cattle ranch near Pekisko west of Calgary. An old sandstone building on Stephen Avenue where he had his offices is known as the Glanville/Ward Block. Dudley Ward died in Calgary, Alberta in November 1946, aged sixty-nine, after an operation, and is buried in the city\'s Union Cemetery. Freda remarried in 1937 and died in March 1983, aged eighty-eight
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# Johnny Keating
John Keating}} `{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}`{=mediawiki} `{{More citations needed|date=May 2015}}`{=mediawiki}
**John Keating** (10 September 1927 -- 28 May 2015) was a Scottish musician, songwriter, arranger and trombonist.
## Biography
Keating was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. After studying piano and trombone, he taught himself how to arrange and compose in his teens. From 1952, he worked with British big band leader Ted Heath as a trombonist, but within two years Heath asked him to become his primary arranger. In the early 1960s, he and songwriter Johnny Worth (writing as Les Vandyke) masterminded the career of a minor British pop star, Eden Kane. The team wrote and produced a string of British top 10 hits for Kane in 1961--63. In addition he wrote, produced or arranged hits by Adam Faith, Petula Clark, Anthony Newley, Shani Wallis, Caterina Valente, and Sammy Davis Jr. among others.
Keating arranged and conducted a series of albums for London Records\' Phase 4 series, notable for its use of synthesiser technology such as the Moog synthesizer and the EMS VCS 3. The records were often used as demonstration discs in the 1970s in Hi-Fi stores because of their quality. Much of his work was rereleased following the Lounge music revival of the mid-1990s and its use as breakbeats.
His \"Theme from Z-Cars\", a #8 hit in the 1962 UK Singles Chart, was adopted by Everton F.C. as their theme song. Additionally he composed the scores for the films *Hotel* (1967), *Robbery* (1967), and *Innocent Bystanders* (1972). His song \"Bunny Hop\" was also featured in the Tim Burton film, *Ed Wood* (1994).
As founder and principal of the Johnny Keating School of Music, Edinburgh, he was directly responsible for the musical education of many students who later became successful professionals.
In 1999, he completed a four--volume academic reference book dedicated to the art of professional songwriting: *Principles of Songwriting: A Study in Structure and Technique*.
Keating died in London, England, on 28 May 2015 at the age of 87.
## Album discography {#album_discography}
- *English Jazz* - 1956 - Bally
- *Swinging Scots* - 1957 - Dot
- *Percussive Moods* SP44005 - 1963 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *Temptation* SP44019 - 1963 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *Swing Revisited* SP44034 - 1963 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *Johnny Keating and 27 Men-The Keating Sound* SP44058 - 1966 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *Keating\...Straight Ahead* SP44072 - 1966 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *This Bird Has Flown* WS1638 - 1966 - Warner Bros.
- *Here\'s Where It Is* WS1666 - 1966 - Warner Bros.
- *Sounds Galactic - An Astromusical Odyssey* SP44154 - 1971 - London Phase 4 Stereo
- *Space Experience* CQ 32382 - 1972 - Columbia Records (Quadraphonic)
- *John Keating Conducts the London Symphony Orchestra* - 1972
- *Songs of Love* - John & Thelma Keating with the London Symphony Orchestra (1973)
- *John Keating Conducts the Electronic Philharmonic Orchestra* - 1974 - EMI
:\*\"Fanfare for the Common Man\"
:\*\"Sabre Dance\"
:\*\"Tristan und Isolde: Prelude, Act III\"
:\*\"Lohengrin: Prelude, Act III\"
:\*\"Hebridean Impressions\" (written by Keating)
- *Space Experience, Vol. 1 & 2* - 1998 - EMI (Vol
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# Fran O'Brien (footballer)
**Fran O\'Brien** (born 7 April 1955) is an Irish footballer who played during the 1970s and 1980s. He was the first player to be capped for the Republic of Ireland playing in United States, earning a total of four caps. He also coached for the premier club PacNW in Seattle.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
O\'Brien won a league winners medal with Bohemians in 1974--75. During his career with Bohs, Fran made 62 league appearances with 1 goal and 8 appearances in European competition scoring 1 goal. In 1978, O\'Brien moved along with Pat Byrne and Eddie Byrne to the Philadelphia Fury of the North American Soccer League (NASL). When the Fury moved to Montreal after the 1980 season, O\'Brien went with the team and spent the next two seasons with the renamed Montreal Manic. In 1983, he signed with the Vancouver Whitecaps and spent the next two season with them. He was selected as an NASL all-star Honorable Mention for the 1983 season and was a second team selection with the Whitecaps in 1984. When the NASL folded at the end of the 1984 season, O\'Brien signed with the Dallas Sidekicks of Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL). The Sidekicks released him on 10 September 1985 and he moved to the Tacoma Stars. He spent two seasons with the Stars before retiring and settling in Washington state. He also played with the Hamilton Steelers.
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
From 2007 to 2008, O\'Brien was the head coach of Tacoma Tide of the amateur USL Premier Development League in the United States.
He was also a coach for the premier club PacNW in Seattle, Washington.
He is the father of Leighton O\'Brien and Ciaran O\'Brien, brother of Derek O\'Brien and the uncle of Mark O\'Brien
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# Harvey Mackay
**Harvey Mackay** (born October 24, 1932) is an American businessman, author and syndicated columnist with Universal Uclick. His weekly column gives career and inspirational advice and is featured in over 100 newspapers. Mackay has authored seven *New York Times* bestselling books, including three number one bestsellers. He is also a member of the National Speakers Association Council of Peers Award for Excellence Hall of Fame.
## Early life {#early_life}
Harvey Mackay was born in 1932 in Saint Paul, Minnesota, to Jack and Myrtle Mackay and is the grandson of Russian Jewish immigrants. His father, an Associated Press correspondent, headed AP\'s Saint Paul office for 35 years. His mother was a substitute schoolteacher. Mackay held jobs from an early age, including selling magazines door-to-door, delivering papers, shoveling snow, and cutting grass. While in high school, Mackay clerked in a men\'s store during the week and worked as a golf caddy on the weekends.
Mackay graduated from Central High School in Saint Paul, Minnesota in 1950. In 1954, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in history from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities where he also lettered in golf. He graduated from the Stanford University Executive Program at the Stanford Graduate School of Business in 1968.
## Career
Following his graduation from the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Mackay became an envelope salesperson for Quality Park Envelope Company. He also joined Minneapolis' Oak Ridge Country Club, where he played golf with area businessmen. Mackay became the number one salesperson at Quality Park utilizing the connections he made at the country club. In 1959, he used the proceeds from Quality Park to purchase an insolvent envelope manufacturer with 12 employees.
From 1977 to 1981, Mackay chaired Minnesota\'s Stadium Task Force, which lobbied for the building of the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome. In 1984, Mackay and other Twin Cities business leaders purchased thousands of Minnesota Twins tickets to block owner Calvin Griffith from selling the team to outside investors and relocating it.
In 1985, the Mackay Envelope Company introduced the Photopak, an envelope that holds processed photo prints, and became an industry leader for this product. The company created the MackayMitchell Photopak division, privately owned by Harvey Mackay and Scott Mitchell, and today is the largest North American supplier of photo envelopes. In 2002, MackayMitchell Photopak purchased the photopackaging division of Mailwell Envelope. MackayMitchell Envelope Company employs 500 employees, produces 25 million envelopes a day with sales of \$100 million.
In 1988, Mackay wrote his first book, *Swim with the Sharks without Being Eaten Alive* (William Morrow and Company). It was on the *New York Times* bestsellers list for 54 weeks and has sold over 5 million copies. Mackay began his public speaking career following the release of *Swim with the Sharks.* Mackay\'s second book, *Beware the Naked Man Who Offers You His Shirt*, was published in 1990 (Ballantine Books) and reprinted in August 1996. It reached number one on the *New York Times* bestsellers list on February 25, 1990. The New York Times listed both books in its top 15 most motivational books of all time in August 1996.
In 1993, Toastmasters International named Mackay one of its top five speakers in the world. His third book, *Dig Your Well Before You're Thirsty,* was published in April 1997 and was a *New York Times* bestseller for five months. The following year, in December 1998, Ballantine Books published *Pushing the Envelope*, his fourth *New York Times* bestseller.
In 2000, Mackay sold Mackay Envelope Company to a management group. He remains an equal partner and chairman of the company. In 2007 the company changed its name to MackayMitchell Envelope Company LLC. Later that year, Ballantine Books released Mackay\'s fifth *New York Times* bestseller, *We Got Fired! . . . And It's the Best Thing that Ever Happened to Us.* It was Mackay\'s third book to reach number one on that list.
Portfolio Penguin released his next book, *Use Your Head to Get Your Foot in the Door*, his sixth *New York Times* bestseller, in February 2010. *The Mackay MBA of Selling in the Real World*, his seventh *New York Times* bestseller, was released in November 2011 by Portfolio Penguin.
Mackay\'s business thoughts have appeared in Forbes, the Harvard Business Review, Inc. magazine, Reader\'s Digest, Success magazine, and the Wall Street Journal, among other publications. He started writing a weekly column for United Feature Syndicate in 1993, which is published in major newspapers across the country. Andrews McMeel is now syndicating his column.
He has appeared on various national shows, including Larry King Live, The Oprah Winfrey Show, Good Morning America, Fox and Friends, and The Today Show, among others.
## Civic experience {#civic_experience}
Mackay has been active on 20 boards of directors. Mackay started volunteering with the American Cancer Society in Minnesota, after his mother died from cancer. Eventually, he became the Society\'s state chairman. Other boards he served on include the Minnesota Orchestra, the Guthrie Theater, the Allina Health Systems, and the Minnesota chapter of the American Heart Association. He was also president of the Minneapolis Chamber of Commerce and the University of Minnesota National Alumni Association. He served for twelve years on the board of Robert Redford\'s Sundance Institute.
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# Harvey Mackay
## Awards
Mackay received an Honorary Doctor of Laws Degree from Iowa Wesleyan College in 1981. Mackay received the Outstanding Volunteer Fundraising Award in 1982 from the Association of Fundraising Professionals, Minnesota Chapter. In 1989, he was awarded the Minnesota Entrepreneur of the Year Award. He was inducted into the Sales and Marketing Executives International (SMEI) Academy of Achievement in 1990.
He received the Muhammad Ali entrepreneur Award in 1999. He is the winner of the University of Minnesota \"M\" Club Lifetime Achievement Award.
In 2002, Mackay was elected to the Minnesota Business Hall of Fame by Twin Cities Business. He received the Horatio Alger award in 2004, the Ellis Island Medal of Honor in 2007, and the University of Minnesota Outstanding Achievement Award in 2008. He was named director emeritus of the Minnesota Orchestral Association in December 2013.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Mackay resides in the Twin Cities and Paradise Valley, Arizona with his wife Carol Ann. They have three children, David Mackay, Miriam ("Mimi") Mackay Bartimer, and Joanne (JoJo) Herzig, and 11 grandchildren
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# Howard Griffiths (presenter)
**Howard Griffiths** is a British television and radio presenter.
His broadcast career started on board Concorde en route to New York City reporting for BBC Radio 5\'s *Rave* programme, presented by Gary Slaymaker and Rob Brydon. Howard\'s popularity in Wales led to appearances on numerous radio and television programmes on BBC and ITV, including fronting his own travel series for ITV Wales which ran for two 8 part series 2002 - 2003 and hosted a live phone in programme at BBC Radio Wales from 2003. Howard was a picker on ITV\'s *Blind Date* in 1993. The first and second shows attracted 16 and 17 million viewers. He appeared on *Best of Blind Date i*n 1994 and *Best of the Last 10 years of Blind Date* 1995.
Griffiths appeared on the TV game show Family Fortunes, hosted by Les Dennis. The family reached the final where he teamed up with brother Gareth. They won a helicopter ride, technology & cash, but not the car.
In November 1998, Griffiths ran the New York Marathon with Falklands War veteran Simon Weston OBE, reporting for BBC Choice TV and BBC Radio Wales. August 1999 he presented in total darkness, live coverage of the eclipse for BBC Radio Wales, 10,000 feet above Cornwall. He was BBC Wales\' man in the *Dome on the Millennium Falcon*, for BBC\'s *Leaving the 20th Century*.
Griffiths has presented television programmes for the BBC, ITV, NHS and Ideal World, the TV shopping channel. He voiced \"Viewers Letters\" on \"*Points of View*\" BBC ONE with Terry Wogan and Jeremy Vine for many years. He fronted the *Woolite* £10 million television commercial campaign in the UK in 2008. On 7 July 2009 he reported live from Los Angeles at Michael Jackson\'s Memorial Service inside the Staples Centre for BBC. He\'s an ambassador for numerous charities, hosts events across the country.
Throughout 2015 Griffiths appeared on BBC 2 \"*Victoria Derbyshire Programme*\", ITV2 \" *All About The Bants*\", ITVBe \"*The Only Way Is Essex*\" and November 2015 Howard became a Host on series 2 of \"*Dance Mums with Jennifer Ellison*\" ITV Shiver - Lifetime UK, USA & Australia.
January 2016 Griffiths appeared on Channel 4 \"*Come Dine With Me*\". He cooked \"Cockahoop Hot Cockle Soup\", \"Shepherd\'s Delight\" and served a \"Homemade Icecream Cake\" made with banana and strawberries that looked like a dog pooh. Howard appeared on ITV \"*It Will Be Alright On The Night*\" Summer 2016. On 5 February 2017 Howard Griffiths made his first appearance on Channel 5 - \"*When Live TV Goes Horribly Wrong*\". He was a guest talking about the TV clips from around the World & the pitfalls of appearing on Live TV.
February 2017 Griffiths was a guest on a number of BBC Radio Channels, including BBC Radio 5 Live and BBC Radio Wales, talking about the return of the TV programme \"*Blind Date*\" on Channel 5. Howard was a Picker on the original ITV programme with Cilla Black in 1993.
August 2017 Howard\'s London Underground reunion story with the woman he picked on Blind Date 25 years before went viral online, Radio, TV, National Newspapers & Magazines. TV appearances included ITV Evening News & ITV Good Morning Britain.
Griffiths appears frequently on Channel 5\'s Television series \" *When\...\...Goes Horribly Wrong* \" and recently starting appearing on ITV \" This Morning \" fashion feature
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# Henry Sutton (sailor)
` ``{{MedalSport|[[Sailing at the Summer Olympics|Sailing]]}}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{Medal|Country|{{GBR}}}}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{MedalCompetition|[[Olympic Games]]}}`{=mediawiki}\
` ``{{Medal | Gold | [[Sailing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – 8 Metre|1908 London]] | [[8 Metre]] }}`{=mediawiki}
**Henry Cecil Sutton** (26 September 1868 -- 24 May 1936) was an English sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics representing Great Britain. He was a crew member of the British boat *Cobweb*, which won the gold medal in the 8 metre class
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# Johnny Fullam
**John Rowan Fullam** (22 March 1940 -- 10 June 2015) was an Irish association footballer.
## Career
Born in Dublin, Fullam began his career at Home Farm before signing for Preston North End in 1958. He scored 6 goals in 49 league appearances for Preston.
In 1961 he was asked to guest on Shamrock Rovers tour of America on the understanding that he would sign for the club. He scored his first goal in a competitive match from the penalty spot against Transport in a League of Ireland Shield game on 20 August 1961. He suffered a serious knee injury in February 1962 and missed Rovers FAI Cup win that season.
He made his European debut in the UEFA Cup Winners\' Cup against PFC Botev Plovdiv and won his first Shield medal in 1962/63. Johnny was a regular member of Rovers\' all-conquering side of 1963/64 when the Hoops almost made a clean sweep of the domestic trophies. He was one of five Rovers\' players who were on the League of Ireland XI side that beat the English Football League side 2--1 at Dalymount Park on 2 October 1963. Just over a week later he played against Valencia CF and the Rovers drew 2--2.
Johnny won the first of his six FAI Cup medals with Rovers in 1964 and in the replayed final the following year he scored the winner. He scored against Real Zaragoza in the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup in 1965. The following year he scored again in Europe in the 4--1 win over Spora Luxembourg and had two great games against FC Bayern Munich where Rovers were seven minutes from putting the eventual winners of the competition.
He was on the mark in Europe again in 1968 against Randers FC but a knee injury he received in March 1969 kept him out of Rovers\' record making six-in-a-row FAI Cup Final win. He signed for Bohemians shortly after and won yet another FAI Cup in his first season at Dalymount Park. In 1975, he won the League with Bohs and picked up another FAI Cup in 1976. He made 8 appearances in European competition for Bohs. He signed back for Rovers in the 1976 close season and captained the Milltown club to his eighth FAI Cup win in 1978. He was given a free transfer by Johnny Giles at the end of the 1978/79 season.
Fullam finished his League of Ireland career at Athlone Town, signing for them with Mick Smyth in August 1979. His last League of Ireland game was the final game of the 1979--80 League of Ireland season at St Mel\'s Park when Limerick United won the league.
He played well over 400 League of Ireland games. He had played for Rovers for eleven seasons in two spells and he was a worthy recipient of the Shamrock Rovers Hall of Fame award in 1991. He earned 11 caps playing for Republic of Ireland national football team, 10 while with Rovers. He holds the Rovers record for the most European appearances with 19 scoring the aforementioned 3 goals
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# Friedrich Sixt von Armin
**Friedrich Bertram Sixt von Armin** (27 November 1851 -- 30 September 1936) was a Prussian and German general who participated in the Franco-Prussian War and was a senior commander in the First World War. In the latter he participated in many battles on the Western Front, including the Battles of Passchendaele and the Lys. He was the recipient of many decorations for his leadership, including the Order *Pour le Mérite* with Oakleaves, Prussia\'s highest military honor.
## Family
Friedrich Bertram Sixt von Armin was born on 27 November 1851 in Wetzlar, an exclave of the Rhine Province, Kingdom of Prussia, as the son of *Heinrich* Joseph Jacob Sixt von Armin (†1872), a career officer, and Amöne, *née* Hiepe (†1901). He was married on 11 June 1882 to *Klara* Pauline Auguste Henriette Karoline von Voigts-Rhetz (1 October 1859 - 28 November 1937), the daughter of *General der Artillerie* Julius von Voigts-Rhetz (1822-1904) The couple had two daughters and three sons. One son, Friedrich-Wilhelm (1889-1914), was killed in action in France as a *Leutnant* in Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Nr. 4. Another, Hans-Heinrich, was also career officer, reaching the rank of *Generalleutnant* (lieutenant general); he was taken a prisoner of war in 1942 and died in the Soviet Union in 1952.
## Military career {#military_career}
Sixt von Armin entered service as an *Avantageur* on 16 July 1870 in *4. Garde-Grenadier-Regiment „Königin"* (later renamed *Königin Augusta Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Nr. 4*). He was wounded by rifle rounds in both legs in the fighting near Saint-Privat-la-Montagne on 18 August 1870 while serving with the regiment\'s 11th Company. He was commissioned a *Secondelieutenant* on 9 March 1872 with a Patent of 12 January 1871. He served as regimental adjutant from 18 April 1876 to 21 March 1881 and was promoted to *Premierlieutenant* on 17 February 1880.
From 1 April 1881 to 15 April 1884, Sixt von Armin served as adjutant of the 3rd Guards Infantry Brigade. This was followed by a one-year assignment to the Great General Staff on 1 May 1884, which was then extended for a second year. On 17 April 1886, he was promoted to *Hauptmann* and transferred to the auxiliary establishment (*Nebenetat*) of the Great General Staff. On 7 February 1888, he was transferred to the Great General Staff and on 26 May 1888 to the general staff of the 22nd Division. On 12 January 1889 he was assigned to the Ministry of War in Berlin. He was transferred to *Grenadier-Regiment König Friedrich Wilhelm IV. (1. Pommersches) Nr. 2* as a company commander on 15 July 1890.
On 22 March 1891, Sixt von Armin was promoted to *Major*, transferred back to the General Staff of the Army, and assigned to the general staff of the VII Army Corps. On 15 July 1893, he was transferred to the Great General Staff and on 18 August 1896, he was named a battalion commander in *Magdeburgisches Füsilier-Regiment Nr. 36*. On 22 March 1897, he was promoted to *Oberstlieutenant* and on 20 July 1897 he became Chief of the General Staff of the XIII (Württemberg) Army Corps in Stuttgart.
On 27 January 1900, Sixt von Armin was promoted to *Oberst* From 18 October 1900 to 14 November 1901, he commanded *Infanterie-Regiment Graf Bülow von Dennewitz (6. Westfälisches) Nr. 55*. He was then named Chief of the General Staff of the Guards Corps.
On 18 April 1903, Sixt von Armin was promoted to *Generalmajor*. He returned to the Ministry of War on 2 June 1903 and on 18 August was named director of the General War Department (*Allgemeines Kriegsdepartment*). In this capacity he also served as deputy plenepotentiary to the *Bundesrat* of the German Empire, chairman of the *Reichs-Rayon-Kommission*, and member of the Imperial Disciplinary Court (*Reichsdisziplinarhof*).
On 25 October 1906, Sixt von Armin was promoted to *Generalleutnant*. He was named commander of the 13th Division on 30 July 1908. On 20 March 1911, he took provisional command of the IV Army Corps in Magdeburg and on 7 April 1911, he was promoted to *General der Infanterie* and formally named commanding general of the corps.
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# Friedrich Sixt von Armin
## World War I {#world_war_i}
Sixt von Armin led the IV Army Corps into Brussels on 20 August 1914, and then engaged with the enemy in the Battle of Mons on 23 and 24 August 1914. On 26 August, the corps engaged the British at Le Cateau.
His corps then participated in the First Battle of the Marne. At the end of September 1914, as part of the Race to the Sea, the corps was transferred to the 6th Army in the Artois region, where it remained in trench warfare until mid-1916. Among the major battles were the Battle of Arras in early October 1914 and in the fighting by La Bassée and Arras, including at the Loretto Heights (*Lorettoschlacht*), followed by the Battle of Loos in the autumn of 1915, and the Battle of the Somme from 12 to 25 July 1916 and from mid-September to early October 1916. He was awarded the Order *Pour le Mérite* on 10 August 1916 for his leadership in the Battle of the Somme.
From 1 March 1917 to 29 November 1918, he was supreme commander of the 4th Army in Flanders. He led the army in the defensive battles in Flanders in 1917, especially from May to July 1917 in the Battle of Messines and at Wytschaete, and from July to early December 1917 in the Third Battle of Ypres or the Battle of Passchendaele. These battles included the Battle of Pilckem Ridge (31 July -- 2 August), the Battle of Langemarck (16--18 August), the Battle of the Menin Road Ridge (20--25 September), the Battle of Polygon Wood (26 September -- 3 October), the Battle of Poelcappelle (9 October), the First Battle of Passchendaele (12 October) and the Second Battle of Passchendaele (26 October -- 10 November). For his leadership in the heavy fighting, he would be decorated with the Oakleaves to the *Pour le Mérite* on 3 August 1917.
From 10 to 25 April 1918, during the Battle of the Lys (Fourth Battle of Ypres), the army captured Messines, Wytschaete and the Ypres bend and stormed the Kemmel. However, the German offensive then lost momentum, and the Germans went back on the defensive. The 4th Army was forced to give more ground in the Fifth Battle of Ypres, including losing control of the Flanders coast and the key submarine bases there. After the Allies defeated his forces on the Lys on 25 October, Sixt von Armin was forced to pull the 4th Army back to the Antwerp--Maas defensive position, where it remained until the Armistice.
On 29 November 1918, Sixt von Armin took command of Army Group Crown Prince Rupprecht from its namesake, Field Marshal Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria, and led the formation, redesignated Army Group A, in the withdrawal from Allied territory back to Paderborn, where Sixt von Armin\'s command was demobilized. He retired from the army on 2 January 1919.
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# Friedrich Sixt von Armin
## Later life {#later_life}
After the war, Sixt von Armin lived in Magdeburg, Province of Saxony, where he was a popular speaker and made frequent appearances at public events. When he died in 1936, he was buried with full military honors.
## Decorations and awards {#decorations_and_awards}
### Additional honours {#additional_honours}
- The honorary title \"Lion of Flanders\" (*Der Löwe von Flandern*) was given to Sixt von Armin, his Chief of the General Staff Fritz von Loßberg, and Admiral Ludwig von Schröder, the commander of the *Marinekorps Flandern*.
- A *Kaserne* (barracks) (1928) and *Sixt-von-Armin-Weg* (1933), both in Magdeburg, were named after him, although both were subsequently renamed.
- A *Bundeswehr* barracks in Wetzlar was renamed the Sixt-von-Armin-Kaserne in 1964. It was closed in 1993 and converted to commercial and residential properties
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# Lucy Hartley
**Lucy Hartley** is a British professor of English attached to the Department of English Language and Literature of the University of Michigan. Her special interests include nineteenth-century studies, intellectual and cultural history, art and politics, history and philosophy of science and interdisciplinarity theory and practice.
## Writing
Hartley is the author of two books.
*Physiognomy and the Meaning of Expression in Nineteenth-Century Culture* (2001) explores the concepts of physiognomy and eugenics and raises questions about what are \"legitimate\" sciences. She describes how \"the appeal of physiognomy lay not so much in any of its scientific pretension but rather in how it seemed to validate an already widespread cultural conviction.\"
*Democratising Beauty in Nineteenth-Century Britain: Art and the Politics of Public Life* was published by Cambridge University Press, 2017
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# 99th Illinois Infantry Regiment
border \|caption=Former Illinoisan state flag \|dates=`{{start date|1862|08|23}}`{=mediawiki} -- `{{end date|1865|08|09}}`{=mediawiki} \|country=United States \|allegiance=`{{plainlist|
* {{flagicon|United States|1863}} [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
* {{flag|Illinois}} }}`{=mediawiki} \|branch=Union Army \|type=Infantry \|size=Regiment \|equipment= \|battles=`{{plainlist|
* [[Battle of Port Gibson]]
* [[Battle of Champion Hill]]
* [[Battle of Big Black River]]
* [[Siege of Vicksburg]]
* [[Jackson Expedition]]
* [[Battle of Brownsville]]
* [[Battle of Fort Esperanza]]
* [[Fort Blakeley]]}}`{=mediawiki} }}`{{Military unit sidebar
|title=Illinois U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861-1865
|previous=[[98th Illinois Infantry Regiment]]
|next=[[100th Illinois Infantry Regiment]]
}}`{=mediawiki}
The **99th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry** was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
## Service
The 99th Illinois Infantry was organized at Florence, Illinois and mustered into Federal service on August 23, 1862.
The regiment was mustered out on July 31, 1865, and discharged at Springfield, Illinois, on August 9, 1865.
## Total strength and casualties {#total_strength_and_casualties}
The regiment suffered 4 officers and 47 enlisted men who were killed in action or who died of their wounds 1 officer and 120 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 172 fatalities.
## Commanders
- Colonel George W.K. Bailey - Mustered out December 16, 1864
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# Volnay, Côte-d'Or
**Volnay** (`{{IPA|fr|vɔlnɛ}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Côte-d\'Or department in eastern France.
In the middle of the Côte de Beaune, it is a well-known appellation of Burgundy wine.
## Population
## Wine
In general, the wines are lighter than most other red Burgundies from the Côte-d\'Or. 80,000 cases of red wine come from its 242ha of vineyards, of which 115ha is split among 26 Premier Crus. The most notable of these are Bousse d\'Or, Champans, Clos des Chenes, Clos des Ducs, Les Caillerets, Santenots and Taille Pied.
Red wine from the Santenots vineyard is classified as Volnay Santenots, whereas white wine from the same vineyard can call itself Meursault Premier Cru or Meursault Santenots
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# Lightbox (JavaScript)
**Lightbox** is a JavaScript library that displays images and videos by filling the screen, and dimming out the rest of the web page.
The original JavaScript library was written by Lokesh Dhakar. The term Lightbox may also refer to other similar JavaScript libraries. The technique gained widespread popularity due to its simple and elegant style.
The original Lightbox library used two JavaScript libraries, Prototype Javascript Framework and script.aculo.us, for its animations and positioning. In April 2012, the plugin was rewritten for jQuery. The open-source nature of Lightbox encouraged developers to modify and fork the code, resulting in plugins such as Colorbox, Magnific Popup, Slimbox or Thickbox.
Lightbox scripts are dependent upon a browser\'s JavaScript support. Browsers that do not load the script for whatever reason can instead simply load the image as a separate page load, losing the Lightbox effect but still retaining the ability to display the image
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# Destination Moon (album)
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unexpected '{'
{{album chart|BillboardJazz|3|artist=Deborah Cox|rowheader=true|accessdate=June 16, 2018}}
^
``
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# John Guthrie (bishop of Moray)
**John Guthrie** (died 28 August 1649) was a Scottish prelate active in the first half of the 17th century who became Bishop of Moray.
## Life
The son of the goldsmith Patrick Guthrie and Margaret *née* Rait, in 1597 he completed an MA at the University of St Andrews, becoming a Reader at the church of Arbroath in the same year. Two years later, on 27 August 1599, he became minister of Kinnell parish church in Angus (Presbytery of Arbroath). In the following years he was translated to various churches. In 1603, he became minister of Arbirlot parish, Angus. In 1617, he became minister in the city of Perth, before, on 15 June 1621, becoming minister of the parish of St Giles in Edinburgh.
Guthrie used his appointments as a platform for involvement in the national church. As minister of Arbirlot, he was one of the commissioners of the Presbytery of Arbroath at the Glasgow assembly of 1610. Later in that year, he got elected as clerk of the synod of St Andrews. He was a member and commissioner of the Perth assembly in 1618. In this period he established himself as an ardent supporter of the crown and its episcopalian policies. It was this that brought him the prestigious and important charge of St Giles in 1621. It was no surprise that, only two years later, he rose to episcopal rank, obtaining crown nomination to the vacant diocese of Moray on 21 July 1623. He was provided to the see on 16 August of the same year, and received consecration in October.
As Bishop of Moray, Guthrie remained a staunch royalist, an active anti-Catholic and keen promoter of ecclesiastical discipline. He took a large role in the Scottish coronation of King Charles I in 1633. Bishop Guthrie supported the King\'s plans to bring the Scottish church in line with the Church of England, authorising all ministers in Moray to obtain and use the new Scottish Book of Common Prayer. Bishop Guthrie was, however, out of touch with general religious sentiment in Scotland, and the Glasgow assembly of Scottish churchmen deposed him from his bishopric on 11 December 1638. Guthrie refused to accept this deposition and refused to recognise the legality of the National Covenant. He preached against it into the Spring of 1639 and on 11 July 1639 he was excommunicated by the Scottish church. He attempted to hold out in Spynie Palace. On 16 July 1640, Major-General Robert Monro of Foulis captured the palace. Guthrie was sent to Edinburgh and imprisoned in the city\'s Tolbooth.
He was later released, and retired to his estate, purchased in 1636, at Guthrie, Angus.
John died at Guthrie on 28 August 1649 and was buried at the Guthrie Collegiate Aisle, the local parish church.
## Family
Guthrie married Nichola Wood, by whom he had three sons (John, Patrick, and Andrew) and three daughters (Bethia, Nicolas, and Lucretia). His oldest son John (d. 1643) followed his father into the ministry, while his youngest son Andrew fought as a royalist during the English Civil War, being captured at the Battle of Philiphaugh (1645) and executed soon after
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# Diablo Theatre Company
**Diablo Theatre Company**, formerly known as **Diablo Light Opera Company**, is a non-profit theatre and arts organization based in Walnut Creek, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area. Founded in 1959 by a group of local theater enthusiasts, it has evolved over its many years, from its inception as a small theatre group, to a million dollar regional theatre company, to its current iteration as a sponsor of youth and young adult theatre education, through its SingOut! Musical Theatre for Bay Area Children and Young Adults program.
During DTC\'s years as a mainstage theatre company, it produced large-scale musicals each year in Walnut Creek, California, in the Del Valle Theater, and in the Hofmann Theatre at Dean Lesher Regional Center for the Arts. During that time, DTC was a regional theater company with Actors\' Equity Association Guest Artist Contracts. Operations and programs were housed for many years in the \"Fire House\" in Pleasant Hill, California.
Diablo Theatre Company\'s youth program, \"SingOut! Musical Theatre for Bay Area Children and Young Adults\" is a theatre program that provides education in all things musical theatre, including voice, dance, and acting. Originally known as the Youth Theatre Company of Walnut Creek, SingOut!, is headed by Chelsea Bardellini (artistic director), Kevin Weinert (musical director) and Rachel Pergamit (managing director). Diablo Theatre Company partnered with SingOut! in 2015. It produces roughly ten musicals per year, and is home to more than 300 young performers aged 4 to 18.
SingOut! youth competition teams compete annually in the Musical Theatre Competitions of America and the Junior Theatre Festival.
The company\'s productions range from classic musicals such as *The Music Man* and *My Fair Lady*, to more modern musicals such as *Annie*, *The Lion King*, *Little Shop of Horrors*, *Come From Away* and *Into the Woods*
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# Edmund Thormählen
**Edmund Gustaf Thormählen** (21 July 1865 -- 13 November 1946) was a Swedish sailor who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics. He was a crew member of the Swedish boat *Vinga*, which won the silver medal (i.e. second place) in the 8 metre class
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# Kirmen Uribe
**Kirmen Uribe** (pronounced `{{IPA|eu|ˈkiɾmen uˈɾibe|}}`{=mediawiki}; born October 5, 1970) is a Basque language writer. He won the National Prize for Literature in Spain in 2009 for his first novel *Bilbao-New York-Bilbao,* which has been translated into over 15 languages. His poetry collection *Meanwhile Take My Hand* (Graywolf, 2007), translated into English by Elizabeth Macklin, was a finalist for the 2008 PEN Award for Poetry in Translation. His works have been published in *The New Yorker, Open City* and *Little Star*.
## Early life {#early_life}
Kirmen Uribe was born in Ondarroa, a fishing town about one hour from Bilbao. Uribe\'s father (who died in 1999) was a trawlerman and his mother was a homemaker. He studied Basque Philology at the University of the Basque Country--Gasteiz, and did his graduate studies in Comparative Literature in Trento, Italy. He won his first literary prize in 1995 while he was in jail for being a conscientious objector and refusing to go to compulsory military service.
## Career
### *Bilbao-New York-Bilbao* {#bilbao_new_york_bilbao}
In 2008 Uribe published his first novel, *Bilbao--New York--Bilbao* (Elkar). The book sparked great curiosity. It received the Critics\' Prize and the Spanish Literature Prize for Narrative. In early 2010 it was brought out simultaneously in Spanish (Seix-Barral), Galician (Xerais) and Catalan (Edicions 62). The novel *Bilbao--New York--Bilbao* is set on a hypothetical flight that its narrator, one Kirmen Uribe, takes from Bilbao\'s Loiu Airport to New York\'s J.F.K. On the flight, the writer contemplates his supposed novel-in-progress, which is about three generations of a family, his own, whose life is bound up with the sea. Bilbao--New York--Bilbao is a novel with no conventional plot to speak of. Its structure is that of a net, and the knots of the net are the stories of the three generations as they intersect with crosswise stories and reflections on the twentieth century as it was experienced in the Basque Country. Ollie Brock wrote about the novel in *The Times Literary Supplement* in August 2011: \"Uribe has succeeded in realizing what is surely an ambition for many writers: a book that combines family, romances and literature, anchored deeply in a spoken culture but also in bookishness ---and all without a single note of self-congratulation\".
### *Mussche*
His second novel, *Mussche* (Susa, 2013), translated into Spanish as *Lo que mueve el mundo* (Seix Barral) is a docu-fictional novel that tells the story of one of the thousands of Basque children who left the port of Bilbao way to exile in May 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, after the bombing of Guernica. Carmen, a girl of eight years, was hosted in the home of a poet and translator (Robert Mussche) in Ghent, Belgium. The writer\'s life changes with the arrival of the child and, gradually, the events lead to an unexpected ending. "A thrilling novel from the first line to the last. The vicissitudes of the young Belgian writer related to Basque war children is a narrative tense, exemplary in its structure and that oozes authenticity" reviewed César Coca (El Correo). The novel shows the cruelty and absurdity of war to some extent, and it is recognized as a great work on the subject of anti-war. The Japanese translation, by Kaneko Nami, was awarded as the best translation of 2015 in Japan.
### *The Hour of Waking Together* {#the_hour_of_waking_together}
His last novel, *Elkarrekin esnatzeko ordua* (Susa, 2016), continues in the recovery of forgotten lives to make fiction. Tells the life of Karmele Urresti, a Basque nurse who exiles to Paris in 1937, where she becomes involved with the Basque Cultural Embassy. It is there she meets her future husband, the musician Txomin Letamendi. Together they travel Europe, but when they know that Paris has fallen to the Germans, they flee to Venezuela. In Venezuela History gets again in their lives. Txomin decides to join the Basque secret services (under the command of the American intelligence, the OSS and FBI) and so the family goes back to Europe, just in the middle of World War II. He spies on the Nazis until he gets arrested in Barcelona, under a dictatorship he won\'t survive. Karmele will have to risk everything and part, again and alone, to Venezuela. JA Masoliver Ródenas wrote in La Vanguardia about the novel: «The direct and precise prose of Kirmen Uribe doesn't have to fool us: it's the fruit of accuracy, not simplicity. His background is that of a cosmopolitan and sophisticated writer. (...) A writer of great and real talent.» The novel was simultaneously published in Basque (Susa), Spanish (Seix Barral) and Catalan (Edicions 62) and won the 2016 Spanish Critic\'s Award (Narrative in Basque) and 2016 Basque Readers Academy Award (Best Book of 2016).
### On the international scene {#on_the_international_scene}
He has participated in a number of international literary festivals including New York\'s PEN World Voices Festival, the Berlin International Poetry Festival, Tai Pei International Poetry Festival and Medellin International Poetry Festival. He has given lectures and led seminars at Stanford, Brown, New York University, University of Chicago, Ohio State, California Institute of the Arts, University of California-San Diego and the University of Foreign Studies of Tokyo, among others.
His poems have appeared in renowned periodicals and international anthologies. In May 2003 The New Yorker magazine published his poem \"May.\" Since then his work has appeared in other U.S. journals as well. In 2006, the Berlin online magazine Lyrikline published a selection of 10 of his poems in German translation; it was the first time that journal of international poetry had ever published work by a Basque writer. In 2008, the American literary critics Kevin Prufer and Wayne Millar included three of Uribe\'s poems in their New European Poets anthology.
In 2017 he was selected for the International Writers Program (IWP) in Iowa City.
## Works
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# Kirmen Uribe
## Works
### Poetry
- *Bitartean heldu eskutik* (2001), *Meanwhile Take My Hand* (English edition, 2007).
- *Zaharregia, txikiegia agian* (Too old, Too Small Maybe, collaboration; 2003)
- *Bar Puerto* (multimedia project; 2010)
- *17 segundo* (2019)
### Novels
- *Bilbao-New York-Bilbao* (2008)
- *Mussche* (2012)
- *Elkarrekin esnatzeko ordua* (2016)
- *Izurdeen aurreko bizitza* (2021)
### Children\'s books {#childrens_books}
- *Garmendia eta zaldun beltza*. 2003, Elkar.
- *Ekidazu, lehoiek ez dakite biolina jotzen*. 2003, Elkar.
- *Ez naiz ilehoria, eta zer?*. Elkar.
- *Garmendia errege*. Elkar.
- *Garmendia eta Fannyren sekretua*. Elkar.
### Essays
- *Lizardi eta erotismoa*. 1996, Alberdania.
### Anthologies/compilations
- *Portukoplak* (2006, Elkar)
- Contributor to *Ghost Fishing: An Eco-Justice Poetry Anthology* (2018, University of Georgia Press)
### Prizes
- Spanish Critics Award (Poetry in Basque) 2002 for *Meanwhile take my hand*.
- Spanish National Book Award (Narrative) 2009 for his novel *Bilbao-New York-Bilbao*.
- Spanish Critics Award (Narrative in Basque) 2009 for his novel *Bilbao-New York-Bilbao*.
- \"El Correo-Vocento\" 2010 Journalism Award for the best article in the Spanish Press.
- Spanish Critics Award (Narrative in Basque) 2017 for his novel *Elkarrekin esnatzeko ordua* (La hora de despertarnos juntos).
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# Kirmen Uribe
## Literatur
- María José Olaziregi Alustiza/Amaia Elizalde Estenaga (eds
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# Tommy Kelly (footballer)
**Tommy Kelly** was an Irish soccer player during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s.
## Career
A dynamic midfielder, his career at Dalymount Park spanned 3 different decades. He appeared in a club record 19 games in European competition and won 2 League of Ireland titles.
He joined Bohs in 1965/66 and played as a full back in the \"B\" team. He made his debut for the first team as a substitute in a 4--1 win over Drogheda on 10 April 1966. He began next season as left back until Bobby Wade returned from injury, whereby Kelly moved into the centre of midfield. It is here where he would remain for the majority of his career. He won the first of his 3 amateur international caps against Wales in October 1966. Bohs finished the 66/67 season as league runners-up and because of their strictly amateur status, they began to lose some of their key players to their professional rivals.
Kelly was among the defectors as he moved to Shamrock Rovers. However, he didn\'t stay long at Glenmalure Park, as he joined Seán Thomas in America midway through the 1967/68 season. He made one appearance in European competition in his time at Milltown.
In 1968 signed for the Boston Beacons, an embryonic soccer team in the North American Soccer League, Kelly racked up 29 appearances during his only season there.
Tommy signed for St Patrick\'s Athletic 2 months into the 1968/69 season.
Tommy would soon return to his spiritual home of Dalymount Park, signing again for the \"Gypsies\" in time for the 1969/70 season. Tommy won the man of the match as Bohs beat Sligo to win the 1970 FAI Cup Final. That cup victory meant that Bohs entered European competition for the first time and Kelly would go on to appear in 19 out of Bohs\' first 20 games in Europe. More success followed and he was ever-present in Bohs\' League winning campaign of 1974/75. He added another FAI Cup winners medal in 1976 and a 2nd league title was won in 1977/78. Kelly was still going strong as Bohs narrowly missed out on winning the title the following season. With his 39th birthday looming, Tommy hung his boots at the end of the 1981/82 season - his last match was the FAI Cup Final defeat by Limerick.
Tommy Kelly made 575 competitive appearances for Bohemians, scoring 31 goals. He also won League of Ireland XI Representative honours
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# Mount Simeon
**Mount Simeon** or **Mount Simon** (*جبل سمعان* Jabal Simʻān `{{IPA|ar|ˈʒæbæl sɪmˈʕaːn|}}`{=mediawiki}), also called **Mount Laylūn** (*جبل ليلون*), is a highland region in Aleppo Governorate in northern Syria. The mountain is located in the Mount Simeon and Aʻzāz districts of Aleppo Governorate.
It is named for Symeon the Stylite a Christian who lived atop a column in the region for 37 years and for whom a large monastery complex was established.
## Landscape
Mount Simeon is part of the Limestone Massif in the western part of the Aleppo plateau. It is located about 20 km northwest of Aleppo. The mountain runs for 50 km from north to south with a width range of 20--40 km and average elevation of 500--600 m. The highest point is Sheikh Barakāt (876 m) in the southern part of the mountain.
The valley of River ʻIfrīn runs between Mount Simeon and Mount Kurd to the west. Aʻzāz valley marks the northern boundary of the mountain, beyond which lies the Aʻzāz plain and Mount Barṣa (Barṣāyā) on the Aintab plateau. The valley of river Quweiq runs along the eastern side of the mountain. South of the mountain lie the Dāna and Atarib plains. Old routes connecting Qinnasrin to Antioch run through these plains to the ʻIfrīn valley at its westward turn and separate Mount Simeon from Ḥārim Mountains to the south
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# NGC 1907
**NGC 1907** is an open star cluster around 4,500 light years from Earth. It contains around 30 stars and is over 500 million years old. With a magnitude of 8.2 it is visible in the constellation Auriga
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# He Has Nothing But Kung Fu
***He Has Nothing But Kung Fu**\'\' aka.***Kung Fu\'s Deadly Duo**\'\' (`{{zh|功夫小子}}`{=mediawiki}) is a 1977 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Lau Kar-wing starring Gordon Liu and Wong Yue. It was Lau Kar-wing\'s first film as a director.
## Plot
Yung Wang Yu stars as Sha Shan, a crafty con-artist who uses his wiles to trick money out of the unsuspecting public while also avoiding those he enrages. One particular escapade sees him make a fool out of a local gang member who also loses a considerable amount of money in the process. Unfortunately this sets into motion a series of events which sees the shamed victim sending his vicious gang out to exact revenge and the wily young trickster with no option but to run away. During these events, he also meets a dazed amnesiac (Liu Chia Hui) he proves himself to be a formidable fighter shortly afterwards and helps his new friend out in a few close escapes from the antagonists. The mystery man - who is actually Ka Yuen, the missing son of a wealthy Admiral - uses his exceptional fighting prowess for good, defeating the oppressive enemies while also dragging the hapless Sha Shan along on a mission to rob the evil to give to the poor
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# Guntramsdorf
**Guntramsdorf** is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. As part of the \"*Industrieviertel*\", the industrial region in the southeast of Lower Austria, it is well connected to the country capital Vienna. The local rail service Badner Bahn connects Guntramsdorf with the central district of Vienna in the north and popular spa resort destination Baden bei Wien in the south. In the west of the town lies the Vienna Woods, an outlier of the Alpine foothills, featuring recreational forest areas and hiking trails, and the southeast of Guntramsdorf extends into the thermal Vienna Basin.
## History
From the 1st to the 4th century the area was a part of the Roman province of Pannonia.
First documented mention of the town\'s likely founder, Count Guntram, dates back to 859, when Count Kozel gifted lands to the monastery of Regensburg and Count Guntram\'s name appears being listed for giving testimony.
After the Anschluss of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, Guntramsdorf became a part of Greater Vienna, only to regain its status as part of Lower Austria in 1954
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# Greenleaf (automobile)
The **Greenleaf** was an automobile manufactured in Lansing, Michigan by the Greenleaf Cycle Company in 1902. The Greenleaf was a light surrey that was powered by a two-cylinder horizontal engine that developed 10 hp at 700 rpm
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# Dave Roberts (English footballer)
**David A. Roberts** was an English footballer who played as a forward in the Football League for Walsall and in the League of Ireland for Bohemians and Fordsons during the 1920s.
## Playing career {#playing_career}
### English career {#english_career}
Roberts was born in Tipton, Staffordshire. He spent two seasons with Birmingham & District League club Shrewsbury Town. Described as a \"thrustful\" player, he was Shrewsbury\'s top scorer before joining Walsall of the Third Division North at the end of the 1921--22 season. He scored freely for the reserve team, but when he got a chance in the first team, he had little success. He made his Football League debut on 16 September 1922, playing at inside right away to Chesterfield. According to the *Sheffield Daily Telegraph*, \"both in attack and defence the middle line was streets below Third Division standard, and although Archer and Roberts (the old Shrewsbury Town player) tried hard to get the attack going, they received very little support\", as Walsall lost 6--0. Roberts played twice more in Third Division matches before moving to Ireland.
### Bohemians
Roberts joined Bohemians during the 1922--23 campaign, and finished as the League of Ireland\'s top scorer in 1923--24 season. His 20 goals in 17 appearances helped Bohs win their first ever League title, which included a run of 15 successive league wins. Other members of the team included Bertie Kerr, Johnny McIlroy, Billy Otto, Christy Robinson, Jack McCarthy and Johnny Murray. In all competitions during the 1923--24 season, Roberts scored 25 goals in 27 games.
In 1925, Roberts was sentenced to a month\'s imprisonment for desertion of his family, failing to pay a maintenance order and leaving his two children chargeable to the Poor Law Guardians.
### Fordsons
Roberts played for Fordsons during the 1925--26 and 1926--27 seasons, scoring 20 goals in League competition, and helped them win the 1925--26 Free State Cup. In the final Roberts scored the opening goal, a header from a free kick, as Fordsons beat Shamrock Rovers 3--2.
### League of Ireland XI {#league_of_ireland_xi}
Roberts played three times for the League of Ireland XI. While a Bohemians player, he scored twice in a 3--3 draw with a Welsh League XI on 9 February 1924 at Dalymount Park. In March 1925 he also played in a 2--1 defeat against the same opponents. His teammates while playing in these games included fellow Bohs players Bertie Kerr, Johnny McIlroy, Christy Robinson and Johnny Murray as well as Frank Collins and John Joe Flood
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# Carlos Pizarro Leongómez
**Carlos Pizarro Leongómez** (6 June 1951 -- 26 April 1990) was a Colombian guerilla leader and politician who was the fourth commander of the 19th of April Movement (*link=no*, or M-19). Pizarro oversaw the demobilization of M-19 that transformed the guerilla army into a political party, the M-19 Democratic Alliance (*Alianza Democrática M-19*) (AD/M-19). Pizarro was assassinated on 26 April 1990 while running for the presidency of Colombia.
## Early years {#early_years}
He was the son of navy admiral Juan Antonio Pizarro and Margot Leongómez Matamoros. Admiral Pizarro had been appointed general commander of the Colombian Navy during the administration of Gustavo Rojas Pinilla. He was later appointed as military attaché at the Colombian Embassy in the United States and national representative to the Inter-American Defense Board, so the whole family moved to live in Washington, DC. Upon their return to Colombia, and following the retirement of his father from active duty in 1959, they settled in the city of Cali. Pizarro studied in several high schools and a boarding school in Bogotá, where he graduated as Bachelor.
He was admitted later in 1967 in the faculty of Law of the Jesuit Pontifical Xavierian University where two of his brothers were also studying law. There, Pizarro started becoming involved in political student activism which had become a worldwide phenomenon following the events of May 1968. Pizarro was involved in the organization of the only student strike of the university, and soon joined the Juventud Comunista Colombiana (JUCO, Colombian Communist Youth). As a result of his activism he and others in the movement, including his brother Eduardo were expelled from the University. Later Pizarro-Leongomez entered the National University of Colombia, where he continued his studies in Law and participated in political left-wing activism with JUCO.
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# Carlos Pizarro Leongómez
## The M-19 {#the_m_19}
By this time, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (*Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia*, FARC) guerrilla had been growing in power and influence and had adopted a communist ideology after having started as a liberal movement. The leaders of the FARC started thinking of switching strategies and bringing the armed conflict to the big cities, and members like Jaime Batemán Cayon started working on the organization of an urban guerrilla movement, and to do so started to recruit the young members of the JUCO. Pizarro was among those who were contacted by the guerrilla, and following these early contacts an 18 year old Pizarro decided to move to the countryside without completing his degree to engage in social work in the zones marked by the political violence that had occurred during and after the La Violencia period, and which were under the control of communists who had been liberals during the time, including the regions of Puerto Boyacá and Yacopí. Around this time he finally made the decision to enlist in the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (*Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia*, FARC) in 1972 at the age of 18. This was not an uncommon decision during the time, and there he joined many of his future comrades in the M-19 like Jaime Batemán Cayon and Álvaro Fayad. During these days the guerrilla soldiers were essentially armed farmers and their economic support came for their growing crops to sell, with interspersed combats with the army. During this period Pizarro\'s seizures caused by disrhytmia worsened.
Pizarro and the young and few members of the urban front started to have confrontations with the traditional leaders of FARC who mostly disregarded them, and resented their views. Following the death by gun squad of a fellow urban guerrilla Luis Alfonso Gil Ospina for contravening the orders of his guerrilla superiors, and the discontent with the hierarchies and rigidization of the FARC, Pizarro decided to desert FARC on September 11, 1973, the very day of the death of Salvador Allende. Back in the city he reestablished his contact with his old friend Jaime Bateman, Álvaro Fayad \"the Turk\", Luis Otero Cifuentes, Vera Grabe, Iván Marino Ospina and others. Bateman had been working towards an urban guerrilla movement since his days at the FARC, and together they founded the April 19 Movement (M-19), at the end of 1973.
The M-19 was an urban, nationalistic, Bolivarian, and social democratic guerrilla group. Following a media campaign that involved graffiti and enigmatic messages on newspapers, the M-19 conducted their first action on 17 January 1974, by stealing the sword of Simón Bolívar from the Quinta de Bolívar. The sword became the symbol of the guerrillas\' fight under the slogan of \"Bolivar your sword returns to the fight\". On January 31, 1991, Antonio Navarro, a leader of the M-19, returned the sword as part of the group\'s peace negotiations with the government.
## Arrest and amnesty {#arrest_and_amnesty}
In 1979 Pizarro was detected in Santander, after a crude attack of the army. He and several companions were taken to a military base where they were tortured.
Soon they transferred to the jail of La Picota of Bogotá, where other guerrillas were being held. He remained in jail for three years. He and his companions were freed in 1982 at the beginning of the government of Belisario Betancur after being approved by absolute majority in the Congress under an amnesty law.
After the amnesty, Pizarro continued his guerrilla activities insisting that the government establish a dialogue of peace.
## Failed peace process {#failed_peace_process}
On 24 August 1984 the sign of the Agreements of Corinto, after an attack that suffered during an ambush of the army (next to other made its companion Iván Marino Ospina) he got hurt next to its companion. In spite of the intention to lay down the arms, Pizarro ordered new battles against the army after they also attacked his main amnestied heads or in truce and the camping in truce in Yarumales.
At the beginning of 1985 in quality of supreme commander, Pizarro announces defeat the truce and the resumption of operations of the guerrilla. On 6 November of that same year, Alvaro Fayad orders the taking of the Palace of Justice in Bogotá kidnapping to the magistrates of the high courts, the objective of the taking was the judgment of the president to fail to fulfill the Agreements of Corinto. The government ignoring the requests of the group orders the army to attack the building, without surviving the guerrillas nor the hostages who requested ceasefire and the respect to the life.
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# Carlos Pizarro Leongómez
## M-19 leadership {#m_19_leadership}
### \"America\" Battalion and CNG {#america_battalion_and_cng}
Pizarro became commander of M-19 in 1986, following the Palace of Justice siege. Prior to 1986, Pizarro was the movement\'s military commander and often credited with moving the group in a more militant direction. In January 1986, from the Cauca Andes mountains, Pizarro announced the organization of the \"America\" Battalion which was composed of fighters from the National Guerrilla Coordinating Group (*Coordinadora Nacional Guerrillera*) (CNG) and foreign fighters from other Latin American countries.
The \"America\" Battalion was to operate much like the CNG, but on an international level that would include fighters from all over Latin America. The group, however, was unable to operate and consolidate due to deportation of suspicious foreigners in the Cauca Department. The group\'s victories included the seizure of neighboring areas such as Belalcázar in August 1986 and Inza in September 1986.
### AD/M-19 formation and death {#adm_19_formation_and_death}
After 19 years in operation, the group, commanded by Pizarro, began negotiating with the Colombian government, in April 1989, for demobilization conditional on certain grounds. The primary request of the group was a full pardon for all prior activities as well as the right to form a political party. M-19 in return agreed to turn over all weapons and not to return to violent activities, the demobilization date was set for mid-December 1989. The accord was signed in the town of Santo Domingo by Jaime Pardo Rueda, adviser to the president, Raul Orejuela Bueno, Minister of Interior and Pizarro, Commander of M-19.
Following the signing of the accord, M-19 announced Pizarro would officially run as the group\'s presidential nominee in the 1990 elections. He was assassinated shortly thereafter aboard an Avianca Airlines Boeing 727 plane flying from Bogotá to Barranquilla on April 26, 1990, by a young paramilitary member named Gerardo Gutierrez Uribe, aka \"Jerry\". Gutierrez Uribe himself was shot dead by Pizarro\'s security detail during the shoot-out. During the 1990 presidential campaign, three candidates were assassinated: Luis Carlos Galán, the leading Liberal candidate, Bernardo Jaramillo Ossa for the political party Unión Patriótica (UP), and Pizarro. Following the assassination, Antonio Navarro Wolff accepted the nomination of AD/M-19; he later finished third with 12.7% of the vote, losing out to César Gaviria who subsequently appointed him health minister.
Chief Prosecutor Alfonso Gomez would later charge Carlos Castaño, former leader of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (*Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia*) (AUC), for the deaths of Jaramillo Ossa and Pizarro on May 24, 1999.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Pizarro had a daughter, María José Pizarro, with Myrian Rodríguez in 1978. She compiled his letters and photographs in the 2015 book *De su puño y letra*, and later became a member of the Colombian Chamber of Representatives and Senate.
## Popular culture {#popular_culture}
- Carlos Pizarro is portrayed by actor Tiberio Cruz in the Colombian TV series *Escobar, el patrón del mal* as the character Diego Pizano.
- In the TV series *Tres Caínes*, Pizarro is portrayed by Rashed Steffen as the character César Navarro
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# Henri Grégoire (historian)
**Henri Grégoire** (`{{IPA|fr|ɑ̃ʁi ɡʁeɡwaʁ|lang}}`{=mediawiki}; Huy, Belgium, 21 March 1881 -- 28 September 1964, Brussels, Belgium) was an eminent scholar of the Byzantine Empire, virtually the founder of Byzantine studies in Belgium.
Grégoire spent most of his teaching career at the Université libre de Bruxelles. In 1904, he contributed to the *Report of the Commission of Enquiry* sent to investigate atrocities in the Congo Free State In 1918, during the German occupation of Belgium during World War I, he co-founded an underground newspaper entitled *Le Flambeau* with Anatol Mühlstein and Oscar Grosjean which continued publishing throughout the interwar years.
In 1938, he taught at the New School for Social Research and during the Second World War, joined the École libre des hautes études at the New School.
He was the editor of four journals---*Byzantion*, *Nouvelle Clio*, *Annuaire de l\'Institut de Philologie et d\'Histoire Orientales et Slaves*, and *Flambeau*---and published prolifically: by 1953 he had 575 titles in his bibliography.
Grégoire is especially remembered for his work on medieval epic poetry, notably Digenis Akritas
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# Henry Farnham Perkins
**Henry Farnham Perkins** (1877--1956) was an American zoologist and eugenicist. He worked as a professor of zoology at the University of Vermont from 1903 to 1945.
## Biography
### Early life and ancestry {#early_life_and_ancestry}
He was born at 205 South Prospect Street in Burlington, Chittenden County, Vermont, in the house where he spent his entire life in the affluent \"Burlington Hill\" neighborhood next to the University of Vermont on May 10, 1877. He was born into a family with Midwestern roots that trace back to *Mayflower* passengers, Love Brewster, a founder of the town of Bridgewater, Massachusetts; Elder William Brewster, the Pilgrim colonist leader and spiritual elder of the Plymouth Colony; and William Bradford, Governor of the Plymouth Colony and the second signer and primary architect of the Mayflower Compact in Provincetown Harbor. He was also a descendant of Martha Wadsworth Brewster, a notable 18th-century American poet and writer.
He was the only son and the second child of George Henry Perkins and the grandson of Frederick Perkins and Harriet Olmstead. Henry\'s father was a noted American educator, naturalist and Professor of Geology and kindred sciences at the University of Vermont. His father served as Dean of Arts and Sciences, vice president and was appointed interim president of the University of Vermont during World War I. He was also the state geologist of Vermont from 1898 to 1933. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Yale University, class of 1867; received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from Yale in 1869.
His mother was Mary Judd Farnham, an 1863 graduate of Knox College, and a daughter of Eli Farnham and Jerusha Brewster Loomis. She attended the debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas at Knox College on October 7, 1858. It was said of her that she was a woman of superior mental endowments. She was the president of the Vermont Chapter of the Woman\'s Christian Temperance Union, and was active in her church and philanthropic work. Her first cousin was Dr. George Trumbull Ladd an American philosopher, educator and psychologist.
Mary\'s parents had emigrated to Illinois in 1836 and were among the founders and pioneers of Galesburg, Illinois. They built a temporary cabin in Log City near current Lake Storey, just north of Galesburg, the settlers having decided that no log cabins were to be built inside the town limits. They were also instrumental in the founding of Knox College. Eli Farnham served as secretary of the Board of Trustees for nearly forty years and also the first school teacher in Galesburg.
### Education
He graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Vermont, Burlington in 1898, received his M.Sc in 1899 and was awarded his PhD in Zoology at Johns Hopkins University in 1902. The title of his doctoral thesis was *The Development of Gonionema Murbachii*, which was on the development and life cycle of Gonionema murbachii (a type of jellyfish). After receiving his doctorate, he joined the faculty of UVM where he remained until his retirement.
### Marriage and family {#marriage_and_family}
He married on June 11, 1903, at Baltimore, Baltimore County, Maryland, Mary Edmunds, born at Baltimore, Maryland on October 18, 1874, the daughter of James Richard Edmunds and Anna Smith Keyser. She was the sister of Dr. Charles Keyser Edmunds, one of his fellow graduate students at Johns Hopkins. He was president of Canton Christian College in Canton, Kwangtung Province, China and the fifth president of Pomona College in Claremont, California. Another brother was James Richard Edmunds Jr., a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, and a notable Architect in Baltimore, Maryland.
She was a descendant of John Howland, who was one of the Pilgrims who travelled from England to North America on the Mayflower, signed the Mayflower Compact, and helped found Plymouth Colony.
Henry and Mary were the parents of two children, Anna Keyser Perkins-Middlebrook, who married as her second husband, Stanwood Wollaston and Harriet Perkins.
### Career
In 1903, he was appointed associate professor of Zoology at University of Vermont, Burlington. He taught biology, entomology, anatomy and physiology, and embryology during the first half of his career. In 1911 was promoted to full professor and served as chairman of the Zoology Department. His sporadic research projects involved field studies in the rapidly fading naturalist tradition: studies of birds, game fish, and marine invertebrates. He retired in 1945 and remained active in the UVM Alumni Association until his death in 1956.
His interest in eugenics began shortly after the end of World War I. It was after World War I that he learned of a study by the U.S. Army which was used as part of the draft process. The results from the Army study showed that men from Vermont had an inordinately high rate of \"defects\" (such as diabetes, epilepsy, \"deformities\" and \"mental deficiency\"). Perkins saw this as a problem that needed to be fixed. He went about trying to \"fix\" this through investigation and social reform. This reform, as denounced by historian Nancy Gallagher in her research titled *Breeding better Vermonters*, also targeted French Canadians and American natives in Vermont state, considered *insane invasion* to eliminate.
Around the same time, he revamped his Zoology curriculum and began teaching courses specifically on Heredity and Evolution. His heredity class provided the first known venue for eugenics education at UVM and the inspiration for a \"Eugenics Survey\"---a field station to study Vermonters.
### Death
He died on November 24, 1956, in Burlington, Vermont
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# Mick O'Flanagan
**Mick O\'Flanagan** (29 September 1922 -- 13 September 2015) was an Irish sportsman who represented his country at both soccer and rugby union. As a soccer player, O\'Flanagan played for, among others, Home Farm, Bohemians and Belfast Celtic. His older brother, Kevin O\'Flanagan, was also a notable sportsman who also represented his country at both sports and played soccer for Bohs and Arsenal. On 30 September 1946, Mick and Kevin also played international soccer together for Ireland against England. A third brother, Charlie O\'Flanagan, also played for Bohs.
## Bohemians
O\'Flanagan played soccer as a youth with several clubs, most notably Home Farm, before joining Bohemians in 1939. He quickly established himself in the first team and was top goalscorer in the League of Ireland for the 1940--41 season, scoring 19 league goals. He also scored 31 times in 31 appearances in all competitions that season. In 1945, O\'Flanagan, together with his brother Kevin, was a member of the Bohs team coached by Jimmy Dunne that won the Dublin and Belfast Intercity Cup. He also scored the winning goal in the final against Belfast Celtic at Dalymount Park.
On 30 September 1946, he was working a pub in Dublin when he received a desperate phone call at 2:30 p.m. asking him to substitute for an injured Irish player in a match against England due to start at 5:30 p.m. at Dalymount Park. He rushed out and managed to play alongside his brother in the match.
In the 1946-47 Leinster Senior Cup final, Mick would score an astonishing six goals in an 11--0 win for Bohemians over Grangegorman The 1946-47 season would be the last where O\'Flanagan would play regularly for Bohemians, appearing only sporadically in the late 1940s and making a brief comeback in the 1951-52 season. In all competitions, O\'Flanagan scored 127 goals in 188 appearances, including 52 goals in 78 League matches.
## Belfast Celtic {#belfast_celtic}
During the summer of 1949, O\'Flanagan also guested for Belfast Celtic on their tour of North America. Other members of the touring party included Billy McMillan, Tom Aherne, Robin Lawler, Johnny Campbell and manager Elisha Scott. These were the last games Belfast Celtic played before the club disbanded. O\'Flanagan scored twice during the tour. His first goal came on 12 May in a 5--0 win against Ulster United, and he scored again in a 4--0 win against Montreal All-Stars on 1 June. However, the highlight of the 10 game tour came on 29 May when Celtic beat Scotland 2--0 at Triborough Stadium. During the second half, fights broke out, including one between O\'Flanagan and Scotland\'s Willie Waddell. That was the last time Scotland ever played a club side.
## Irish international {#irish_international}
### Soccer
O\'Flanagan made his only appearance for Ireland on 30 September 1946 in a 1--0 defeat against England at Dalymount Park. Among his teammates that day was his brother Kevin. Mick was only called up as a late replacement for the injured Davy Walsh and he had spent the previous night entertaining a party of English journalists at Templeogue tennis club. The following morning, he went to work in his pub in Dublin and did not learn of his call up until just a few hours before the game was due to kick off.
### Rugby
In 1947m O\'Flanagan began playing rugby union with Lansdowne FC and on 28 February 1948 he played for Ireland against Scotland in a 6--0 win at Lansdowne Road. This helped an Ireland team, featuring Karl Mullen and Jack Kyle, win the Triple Crown, Grand Slam and the 1948 Five Nations Championship.
### Personal life {#personal_life}
Mick was a publican by trade, his sporting career, like that of his brother, being strictly amateur. He ran a pub at 88 Marlborough Street in Dublin\'s City Centre which is known today as the Confession Box due to its proximity to St. Mary\'s Pro-Cathedral. It was in this pub in 1960 that the Soccer Writers Association of Ireland was established
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# Hennersdorf bei Wien
**Hennersdorf** (or **Hennersdorf bei Wien**; Central Bavarian: *Hennasduaf*) is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.
## Geography
Hennersdorf lies in the northeast corner of the district and borders directly on Vienna
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# Terry Flanagan (footballer)
**Terry Flanagan** (born 1950) was an Irish soccer player who played for Bohemians, Dundalk and Thurles Town during the 1970s.
Flanagan was top scorer in the 1973-74 League of Ireland season with 18 league goals from 26 games. His total for that season was 29 goals from 43 appearances in all competitions. He made three appearances for Bohemians in European competition, scoring once at Ibrox in the European Cup.
In November 1975 he was transfer listed. He then signed for Dundalk and scored on his debut. In his three seasons at Oriel Park he scored a total of 33 goals including the winner in a 1977-78 European Cup Winners\' Cup clash with Hajduk Split
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# Global Mission Church
**Global Mission (Jiguchon) Church** is a Baptist megachurch located in the Bundang area of Seongnam, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. The church boasts over 25,000 people in attendance every Sunday at its worship locations in Bundang and Suji District, and with over 30,000 people registered as members.
The church also has Global Department with worship services in English, Japanese, Mongolian, Chinese, and Japanese. The English Ministry (GEM) is led by Rev. Stanley Park.
GMC is actively involved in world missions and the Evangelism Explosion (E.E.) program. In 2008 it began its first E.E. in English headed by Sansook Ko. Over 300 members of the Global Missions Church are involved in E.E.
## History
It was founded in January 1994 by Daniel Dong-Won Lee. The church began as a 60-member church dedicated to spreading the gospel through missions with strong focus on cell-church ministry.
In 2011, Rev. Lee entered early retirement and was succeeded by Dr. Peter Chin
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# Hinterbrühl
**Hinterbrühl** (`{{IPA|de|ˈhintɐˌbʁyːl|-|De-Hinterbrühl.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It is home to the Seegrotte, a system of caves including Europe\'s largest underground lake. During World War II, a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was opened inside the caverns, producing parts for the He 162 *Spatz* jet fighter.
## History
Hinterbrühl was settled as early as 6,000 years ago.
Like neighboring areas, Hinterbrühl suffered mightily under the two Turkish sieges of 1529 and 1683. Since a majority of the population was killed, the area was inhabited by settlers who moved north from Styria after 1683.
From 1883 to March 31, 1932, Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram, the first electric streetcar in continental Europe, linked Hinterbrühl to Mödling railway station. Today, only the Bahnplatz remains of this historic achievement.
On August 4, 1943 a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was built in the city. The prisoners there built parts, sub-assemblies and BMW 003 *turbojet* engines for the He 162 *Spatz* (sparrow) jet fighter in a hastily converted underground factory during late autumn and spring 1945. The 162, created for the Emergency Fighter Program and the winner of the *Volksjäger* (\"People\'s Fighter\") aviation design competition, was an extremely lightweight, cheap and fast plane that could be discarded if it suffered any damage. Hinterbrühl was just part of a vast crash production program where dozens of factories of varying sizes would make parts for the jet, then send them to sites like Hinterbrühl for final assembly and transshipment to flight test centers --- or even directly to airbases, such was the desperate last-minute nature of the enterprise.
In the last days of the war in 1945, the inmates of other camps had to make a 200 km-long march to the concentration camp Mauthausen in Hinterbrühl. Virtually none of them survived. Fifty-one inmates were killed, even before the march, by gasoline injections or strangled by SS-officers. In 1988 a monument was erected above the Subterranean Lake to honor the 51 victims of this massacre.
From 1964, the SOS Children\'s Villages in Hinterbrühl was led by Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger.
## Population
## Seegrotte
The Hinterbrühl Seegrotte (Lake Grotto) is a large underground lake located in Hinterbrühl. This grotto is an important historic site. It used to be open to the public for tours. The grotto is actually an old gypsum mine. By the end of 1800 it was used to make red and white plaster. In 1912 a blast released millions of gallons of water and flooded the lower caverns of the mine, creating the largest underground lake in Europe. In the 1930s a team of cave explorers found the lake and finally managed to open the grotto for the public. The upper (non-flooded) tunnels of the same old mine were reused by Nazi German authorities as an aircraft-manufacturing facility which used forced labor.
## Höldrichsmühle
Höldrichsmühle, an old mill, is a hotel in Hinterbrühl that was featured on the 24g Austrian definitive stamp of 1945 (SG936). Höldrichsmühle was a regular subject for postcards from the late 1890s onwards. Many of these cards claim an association with the composer Franz Schubert, and there have been various plaques and internal features in support of these claims. Early postcards claim that Schubert wrote Die schöne Müllerin here, later cards claim that it was Der Lindenbaum (from Winterreise). There is no documentary evidence to support these claims, though there is a claim in Deutsch\'s *Schubert: Memoirs by his friends* made by Hermann Rollett in 1897 that he had seen Franz Schubert at Höldrichsmühle around 1825 or 1826, when Rollett was aged seven
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# Live in Japan (Rockapella album)
***Live In Japan*** is the fifteenth overall, tenth North American, and second live concert album by the a cappella group Rockapella. It was recorded during the group\'s \"Wa\" (Peace) Tour on June 2--12, 2003 at The Blue Note and was released a year later. *Live In Japan* is the final album founding member Elliott Kerman can be heard on, marking a key piece of Rockapella history as the group no longer contains any of its founding members. It is also the last album Kevin Wright can be heard on, since he left the group in December 2009.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
\| writer19 = Jimmy Hall, Jack Hall, Lewis Ross, John Anthony, Ricky Hirsch \| length19 = 3:52 \| title20 = Smile In My Heart \| writer20 = Scott Leonard \| length20 = 3:45 \| title21 = Dance With Me \| writer21 = John Hall, Johanna Hall \| length21 = 2:35 \| title22 = I\'ll Hear Your Voice \| writer22 = Scott Leonard \| length22 = 4:04 \| title23 = \"I Don\'t Speak So Good\..
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# Kaltenleutgeben
**Kaltenleutgeben** (Central Bavarian: *Koidnleitgebn*) is a town with a population of 3302 in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.
## Geography
Kaltenleutgeben is located in the southern Vienna Woods near the industrial district in Lower Austria. More than 73 percent of the area is forested and the town encompasses 17.5 square kilometers. The community borders on the extreme southwest of the city of Vienna and is a popular recreation area for the Viennese population.
## History
The parish church of St. James in Kaltenleutgeben was built in 1728-1729 and is a major work of the baroque architect Jakob Oeckhl. He built and financed the building after the death of his second wife because of a vow he made with the birth of his son.
In the 1800s, during the height of the popular Water Cure or Hydropathy (now called hydrotherapy) movement, Kaltenleutgeben was the location of a well-known hydropathic establishment, operated by Wilhelm Winternitz.
Mark Twain lived in Kaltenleutgeben for a half year in 1898. He stayed at the Villa Sonnhof
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# École libre des hautes études
The ***italic=no*** (`{{abbr|lit.|literally}}`{=mediawiki} \'Free School for Advanced Studies\') was a \"university-in-exile\" for French academics in New York during the Second World War. It was chartered by the French (the Free French) and Belgian governments-in-exile and located at the New School for Social Research. Its founders included Jean Wahl, Jacques Maritain, and Gustave Cohen, and it was supported by the Rockefeller Foundation.
The philosopher Jacques Maritain, anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss, historian Elias Bickerman, and linguist Roman Jakobson all taught at the École Libre.
According to Louis Menand, in *The Free World* (p. 203) it was started in 1942 through the efforts of Alvin Johnson, co-founder and director of the New School
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# Festival Internacional Cervantino
The **Festival Internacional Cervantino** (FIC), popularly known as *El Cervantino*, is a festival which takes place each fall in the city of Guanajuato, located in central Mexico. The festival originates from the mid 20th century, when short plays by Miguel de Cervantes called *entremeses* (singular *entremés*) were performed in the city\'s plazas.
In 1972, the festival was expanded with federal support to include more events to add a more international flavor. Since then, FIC has grown to become the most important international artistic and cultural event in Mexico and Latin America, and one of four major events of its type in the world. It is a member of the European Festivals Association and the Asian Association of Theater Festivals In addition to government support, there are also private sponsors such as Telmex, Televisa and Microsoft.
## History
### Origins through the 1970s {#origins_through_the_1970s}
The city of Guanajuato, where the Festival takes place, has historically had a large cultural scene in relation to its size. The richness of the mines in colonial times started a tradition of theaters and other cultural venues to satisfy the desires of the middle and upper classes. The city has a tradition of hosting musical, theatrical and dance events not only in its numerous theaters but also in its many small plazas with benches.
In 1953, Enrique Ruelas of the University of Guanajuato began to put on an annual event called the Entremeses de Miguel de Cervantes Saaevedra, short plays written by the author of Don Quixote. These plays are still part of the annual Festival. In 1972, he founded the Coloquio Cervantino from June to September to expand the annual Entremeses event. Ruelas\'s efforts came to the attention of the federal government through actress Dolores del Río.
While in the city of Guanajuato, she came across the Entremeses being performed at the Plaza San Roque and was fascinated. Around the same time, former president Luis Echeverría had attended cultural festivals in Europe and was interested in doing something similar in Mexico. Through Echeverría\'s cousin, Del Río relayed what she had seen in Guanajuato. The federal government then established the foundation for an international cultural festival, originally proposing it for Acapulco. However, the tradition of the Entremeses was the main reason why Guanajuato was eventually chosen, meshing the two ideas to produce the modern event for the first time in 1972 with performances by artists from fourteen countries including Mexico. For this reason, this year is considered the foundation of the event.
The Festival in its current form was a governmental effort, with the 1972 edition attracting interest solely because of the influence of the politicians promoting it. The Cervantino had its greatest growth from 1976 to 1982, during the presidency of José López Portillo because of the efforts of his wife, Carmen Romano, who promoted it abroad. It quickly gained the attention of noted artists, with Berlin Philharmonic director Herbert von Karajan offering to appear at no cost. Initially the city of Guanajuato had difficulties in hosting the event due to the lack of infrastructure.
Elizabeth II and the Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh attended the event in 1975. By decree, an organizing committee was set up in 1976 under the Secretaría de Educación Pública, the state and city of Guanajuato and the University of Guanajuato to invite artists from Mexico and abroad. Some of the first invited by this committee were Mario Moreno Cantinflas and Dolores del Río. This committee is still in charge today, working with the Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, el Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes and the Instituto de Cultura de Guanajuato. In 1978, Juan Carlos and Sofía of Spain attended as guests of honor.
Initially, the city of Guanajuato was only the host, with local artistic groups not participating in the event. However, efforts were soon made to lobby for their inclusion, especially by the Universidad de Guanajuato, and now artists from this university and other parts of the city and state regularly appear.
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# Festival Internacional Cervantino
## History
### 1980s to the present {#s_to_the_present}
Since 1982, the festival has diminished somewhat in size, mostly because of reduced funding. Another issue that arose was that the festival had become very popular with backpackers, who slept in the streets and caused problems for local residents. However, it remained a very important event, attracting notable acts and up to 140 journalists to cover it. In the 1980s, these included Lazar Berman, Mercedes Sosa, the New York Philharmonic, Joan Baez, Gilbert Bécaud, Mario Lavista, Guillermo Velázquez, Los Leones de la Sierra de Xichú, the National Ballet of Canada, Nikolais Dance Theater, the Bolshoi Ballet, Sankai Juku, Theater Scena STU (Poland) and the Marionette Theatre of Hungary.
In 1989, the city became a World Heritage Site which allowed most of the city\'s colonial and late 19th-century architecture, including its theatres, to be restored.
During the 1990s, the festival featured acts such as the Guitar Trio of Amsterdam, Voices of Change, the Vienna Quintet, Guadalupe Pineda, Krzysztof Jakowicz, Krystyna Borucinska, Kronos Quartet, Madredeus, the Open Theater of Belgrade, the Lindsay Kemp Company and the Royal Shakespeare Company.
In the 2000s, the custom of having Mexican states and foreign countries and regions as "special guests" began. In 2001, the invited region was Oceania along with Veracruz. Acts featured during those years included Hélène Grimaud, Eugenio Toussaint, Juan Fornell and Los Van Van, the Vienna Symphony Virtuosi, Enrique Bunbury, Los Tigres del Norte, Panteón Rococó, Meno Fortas and Les 7 doigts de la main.
The city was declared the Cervantino Capital of America in 2005, which prompted the federal government to issue a commemorative silver coin.
However, problems with the lack of funds and organizational issues brought the event to a crisis by 2006. There were structural and financial changes made during the rest of that decade, and by 2010, the Festival was able to recuperate much of its former status, attracting major artists from around the world. However, problems with large crowds of mostly young people, drinking in public remains a problem, especially for the local populace.
The 38th edition of the Festival in 2010 was dedicated to Mexico\'s Bicentennial of Independence and Centennial of the Revolution. Three states, Chihuahua, Michoacán and Querétaro, along with three countries, Argentina, Colombia and Chile, were the special guests as they celebrated their bicentennials in the same year. The 2010 version had 3,161 artists from 31 countries, with special emphasis on traditional Mexican music and dance.
The 2011 version brought together 2,800 artists from 29 countries, in genres such as classical and folk music to techno, open-air theatre, expositions, recent plays and other works from the 20th century by well-known writers. It is dedicated to the environment, with a theme of "The Gifts of Nature" and special guests Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway and Nayarit. Artists include The Oslo Camerata, Geir Henning Braaten, Knut Reiersrud, Mari Boine, a dramatization of *Il Postino* by Pablo Neruda, the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra focusing on 19th century Russian music, especially Tchaikovsky, the DeMUG Baroque Ensemble, and an exhibition of Oaxacan painter Francisco Toledo in the Museo del Pueblo. The 2011 event cost 122 million pesos to set up, with most of the money coming from CONACULTA and the rest from the state of Guanajuato, the University of Guanajuato and the city of Guanajuato.
The 2014 performance was opened by taiko drumming group Tokyo Dagekidan, a performance attended by Japan\'s Prince Fumihito Akishino and his wife Kiko.
The 2020 festival was presented online from October 14 to 18 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.
## Sites
The events happen in the forty nine theatres, plazas and other venues in the city, with satellite events in other plazas in the state and other cities in the country. The Festival in the city of Guanajuato takes advantage of these numerous venues, indoor and outdoor which include the Teatro Juárez, the Teatro Principal, the Teatro Cervantes, the Patio of the Faculty of Industrial Relations, the State Auditorium, the Plaza San Roque, the Esplanade of the Alhondiga, the Teatro de Minas, the Valenciana Church and the Ex-Hacienda of San Gabriel de Barrera. In addition, seven museum spaces are used for exhibitions such as those of photography.
The event represents a tourist and economic windfall for the city, which brought in 423 million pesos in 2010, a 57% increase over 2009 with hotel occupancy alone up 39%. The total number of visitors in 2010 is estimated at 179,000, with 463,000 tickets to events sold. In addition to the events in Guanajuato proper, there were another 125,000 attendees to related activities in 37 cities and seventeen states in Mexico.
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# Festival Internacional Cervantino
## Types of events {#types_of_events}
Being named after Spanish writer Miguel de Cervantes, the Festival has a special emphasis on artistic creations in the Spanish language, with the original tradition of performing this writer\'s "entremeses" plays upheld by the University Theater of Guanajuato. The international aspect is to create a space for discovery and exchange. The Ballet Folklorico de Mexico under Amalia Hernández has performed every year since the beginning.
Acts have been booked from all parts of the world of a wide variety from classical music, Mexican folk dance, Chinese acrobats and more. The event attracts artists from all over the world each year in order to present typical aspects of culture from each country. Acts include those from genres such as opera, music, dance, theatre, street spectaculars, visual arts, film and literature along with various academic events. The Festival has an agreement with the MUTEK Festival of Montreal with the aim of presenting newer acts to the audiences in Mexico especially in the field of electronic music.
## Other aspects {#other_aspects}
In 2010, the Presea FIC was instituted to recognize the work of Mexican and foreign artists for their contributions to culture. The prize is symbolized by a statue designed by Vicente Rojo, which is awarded during the opening ceremonies. The first was awarded to Luis Herrera de la Fuente.
To promote a link between culture and technology, the Festival and Microsoft México sponsor a Technology Pavilion at the Mesón de San Antonio. It is planned to contain an Internet café with large lounge chairs and wireless services for those with mobile devices. Microsoft sponsors a set of academic lectures about what\'s new in technology and art, games and everyday life.
Much of the festival is set up to attract young people from children to university age. The Cervantino Program for Youth sponsors programs for this age group as well as other activities. It has an annual Artistic Creativity Contest for Youth put on in collaboration with the Edinburgh International Festival and The Anglo Mexican Foundation. Two activities in 2010 were a contest of photos taken with cell phones and another contest of short electronic music pieces, both of which were launched over the Internet. Winners received trips to the Edinburgh International Festival, the first and largest international cultural event of its type in the world. A number of performers and academic activities are scheduled with young audiences in mind. These include rock and electronic music concerts with dance and theater events. In 2011, these included German electronic music groups Moonbootica and Schlachthofbronx sponsored by the Goethe Institute and rock musicians Sierra León, Finde, El Otro Yo and Rubick . Theatre for youth include Vivarium Studio performing L éffet de Serge, Mauricio García Lozano and Teatro Farfullero presenting La pequeña habitación al final de la escalera and Circo Aereo and Les Objets Volants, a Finnish/French group with acrobats, comedians and other circus performers. Other events for youth include DJ Frivolous and DJ Kid Koala from Canada and German artist Brandt Brauer Frick who mixes electronic and acoustic sounds. University students can get up to a 73% discount on tickets for selected acts. There is an event to bring together children and Mexican poets and a performance of A magic flute for children by the French ensemble Théâtre des Bouffes du Nord.
In 2011, the Festival scheduled its first Art Book Fair, focusing on books about the visual and theatrical arts.
Based on the program sponsored by the Lucerne Festival, the Cervantino Academy\'s purpose is to train professional level instrumentalists in classical and contemporary music. The program sponsors individual students, classes, workshops, practice sessions and concerts, including at the Festival Cervantino, both by small ensembles as well as in an orchestra. Participants are under thirty and are selected by audition. The program has invited maestros from both Mexico and abroad, including Irvine Arditti, Steve Schick, Norio Sato and Salvatore Sciarrino. The program attracts students from various countries in Latin America, including Guatemala, Brazil, Cuba, and Bolivia as well as Mexico.
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# Festival Internacional Cervantino
## Festival events for audiences outside of Guanajuato {#festival_events_for_audiences_outside_of_guanajuato}
Prior Festival events and shows related to artists scheduled to perform in upcoming festivals are shown through the Festival\'s television, radio and website. A channel called TV FIC or Canal Cervantino was created on channel 157 of Cablevision to broadcast archived footage of past festivals and performances by those scheduled to perform the upcoming year. Microsoft sponsors the Festival\'s web page as well as an online radio station called Radio FIC which offers online archives of music, video and photographic works, as well as a various types of informative material.
Most of the events related to the Festival occur in Guanajuato, but some events such as dance, plays and concerts are presented live or are transmitted to other areas of the country. These include national and international acts. The Más Allá de Guanajuato (Beyond Guanajuato) program to bring Cervantino cultural events to other parts of the country, free to the public. As of 2014, the program has sponsored events in over 100 venues in 26 states and the Federal District. These include schools, cultural center, libraries and correctional institutions. Much of this activity is made possible through a collaboration with CONACULTA and the Secretaría de Educación Pública.
The Ruelos Project, named after the founder of the Entremeses Cervantinos, was created in 2014 to pair artists with disadvantaged communities. The Festival provides logistical support but the actors and support staff are locals with that thirty participants in each event. The project is based on the original Entremeses Cervantinos done by Enrique Ruelos starting in the 1950s which relied on community participation to produce plays such as those by Shakespeare but modified to the local culture. The performances are planned and executed with communities where there are high levels of crime and family instability and violence, mostly in the state of Guanajuato. They have also worked with prison populations
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# Pat Douglass
**Joseph Patrick Douglass** (born January 23, 1950) is a retired American basketball coach. He was most recently the men\'s head coach at UC Irvine from 1997 to 2010.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Born in Knoxville, Tennessee, Douglass moved to Barstow, California as a teenager and graduated from Kennedy High School. He graduated from the University of the Pacific in 1972 with a bachelor\'s degree in biology and teaching credential in physical education.
## Coaching career {#coaching_career}
Douglass climbed the coaching ladder, first at the high school level as head coach at Dixon High School from 1973 to 1975, then Manteca High School from 1975 to 1979. He stepped up to the junior college ranks, guiding Columbia Junior College from 1979 to 1981.
Douglass spent six seasons at Eastern Montana (now known as MSU-Billings), with an overall record of 119--57.
In his 10 seasons at Cal State Bakersfield, Douglass compiled a 257--61 record, won three Division II national championships, and reached the Elite Eight seven times
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# Tustumena 200
The **Tustumena 200 Sled Dog Race** is a dog sled race on the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska covering 200 miles. Established in 1983, the race is run each year on the last weekend in January, and has grown in reputation to draw competitive distance mushers from Alaska, the lower 48, and international locations.[1](https://web.archive.org/web/20070927003157/http://peninsulaclarion.com/stories/012607/news_0126new002.shtml) The Tustumena 200 (known locally as the T200) boasts one of the highest purses for a dog sled race in its class. The minimum guaranteed purse is \$25,000 and has been as high as \$30,000. The Bogus Creek 150, a companion event to the Kuskokwim 300, based in Bethel, Alaska, has a guaranteed annual purse of \$60,000.
## History
Before mushers can compete in the 1,150 mile Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, they must first finish qualifying events such as the Tustumena 200. The T-200 is sanctioned by the Iditarod Trail Committee as the only official qualifying event on the Kenai Peninsula.
A ceremonial start is held on the Saturday morning of the race weekend in Kenai. Children recommended by the United Way and Make a Wish Foundation ride with mushers entered in the race.
The official start of the race is on the Sterling Highway in Kasilof. Mushers leave the starting line with between 12 and 14 dogs on Saturday afternoon. They travel 100 miles through the Caribou Hills to the official halfway point in Clam Gulch. There, they take a mandatory 6 hour layover to rest their teams and allow veterinarians to check over all the dogs. Then they head back over the same trail to return to the starting point in Kasilof. There are 4 checkpoints on the trail, two of which are designated dog-drops.
All mushers must adhere to the rules of the race. Each driver must carry mandatory gear, including a cooker, cooking gear, sleeping bag, hand axe, snowshoes, enough booties for each dog, dog food, and people food. They cannot start the race with fewer than 12 dogs, and cannot finish with fewer than 5. Tired and injured dogs are left with volunteers, to be transported by truck back to the finish line. There are many rules ensuring safe and fair conduct by the mushers.
Some of the activities of race weekend include a vet check, to make sure all dogs are fit to run a 200-mile race; a musher's meeting, to inform mushers of rules and hazards on the trail; and a pre-race banquet, where mushers pick their bib numbers and meet members of the public. Children who will ride in the ceremonial start are honored at the pre-race banquet along with the mushers. [2](http://peninsulaclarion.com/stories/012607/outdoors_0126out001.shtml) The culmination of the weekend is the Awards Banquet on Monday night.
No race was held in 2014--16, and since 2020
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# List of Guyver episodes
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{{Episode list
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# Sri Lanka Armoured Corps
The **Sri Lanka Armoured Corps (SLAC)** provides the armour capability of the Sri Lanka Army, with vehicles such as the T-55AM2 main battle tank; the BMP infantry fighting vehicle; and the BTR-80 and WZ551 armoured personnel carriers. It comprises five regular armoured regiments, a volunteer regiment, and a regimental band. It has an independent Armoured Brigade and is headquartered at Rock House Army Camp, Colombo.
## History
### Formation
The Ceylon Army was established in 1949. Under Prime Minister Colonel Sir John Kotelawala, the Government of Ceylon decided on the need to add armour to support infantry elements of the newly established regular army. To this effect a cavalry arm was considered and the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron was established on 1 October 1955 under the command of Major D. S. Attygalle at the Echelon Barracks. Squadron moved to Ridiyagama for training with British Army advisers from the Queen\'s Dragoons Guards received four British Ferret unturreted scout cars along with twenty BSA M20 with side cars that were armed with Bren light machine gun. The squadron expanded its number of personal and increased its training. In 1957, the squadron moved to Ampara on flood relief duties and in December moved to Rock House Army Camp in Colombo, which became its regimental headquarters. In 1958, the squadron was deployed to counter the communal riots and on 15 December 1958 it was expanded to a formation reconnaissance regiment with two recce squadrons and had increased its fleet with BSA M21 motorcycles, eight Ferret Mk II Scout Cars and two Daimler Armoured Cars. The 1st Reconnaissance Regiment became allied to and inherited the traditions of Queen\'s Dragoons Guards and it became the Ceylon Armoured Corps.
### 1971 Insurrection
The 1st Recce Regiment was deployed on several occasions in the 1950s and 1960s on flood relief and internal security operations. It was deployed for counter-insurgency operations in Kurunegala and Anuradhapura districts under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Cyril Ranatunga during the 1971 Insurrection against the JVP. In 1971, the regiment received twelve British Alvis Saladin armoured cars in May and ten Soviet BTR-152 armoured personnel carriers (APCs) in November to supplement its counter-insurgency operations with a third squadron. When Sri Lanka became a republic in 1972, the CAC became the Sri Lanka Armoured Corps. Following the insurrection, the regiment deployed a saber squadron to provide security for the Criminal Justice Commission from 1973 to 1976. A forth squadron was raised in 1974.
The first volunteer (reserve) unit of the SLAC, the 2nd (Volunteer) Regiment, Sri Lanka Armoured Corps was formed in 1979 under the command of Lt. Col Eustace Jayasekara with troops from the Ceylon National Guard.
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# Sri Lanka Armoured Corps
## History
### Civil War {#civil_war}
With the escalation of the Sri Lankan civil war, three saber squadrons were deployed in the northern and eastern provinces of the country, to provide fire support for infantry and for the protection of road convoys. The forth squadron was deployed in Colombo for the defense of the capital. The Armoured Corps Training Centre (ACTC) was established on 1 January 1984 at Kalattewa, Anuradhapura. The regiment received several Alvis Stalwart amphibious vehicles in 1985 and thirty two Alvis Saracen APCs in 1986. With the Saracens the SLAC was able to allocate two Saracens per troop providing assault troops to provide close combat support in the form of mechanized infantry. In the 1980s the regiment supported all major military operations, notably Vadamarachchi Operation. Following the deployment of the Indian Peace Keeping Force in the North and East provinces, the regiment deployed a saber squadron each in Jaffna and Kilinochchi, while it deployed the remaining two squadrons in Colombo and Gampaha as the 1987--1989 JVP insurrection started in the south of the island. In November 1988, the 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment was raised with Saladins, Saracens, Ferrets and a Stalwart. On 15 December 1988, the Armoured Brigade was formed under the command of Brigadier Y. Balaretnarajah who became the first Armoured Brigade Commander bring under it the 1st, 3rd Reconnaissance Regiments and the ACTC. Its expansion was limited since the Government of Sri Lanka face difficulties in precuring spares and new military equipment from its traditional suppliers in the United Kingdom and Singapore due to pressure from Western countries. The US government approved the sale of Cadillac Gage armoured cars without turrets and guns and the British government\'s refusal to supply spare parts for the Alvis Saladins and Ferret armoured cars. The SLAC received 10 Type 63 (YW531) APC from China in 1988. The 2nd (Volunteer) Regiment was transferred to the Sri Lanka Light Infantry as its 5th (Volunteer) battalion in 1989.
Three saber squadrons from the two regiments were deployed for the first amphibious landings made by the army in Operation Balavegaya to break the siege on Elephant Pass. The siege on Elephant Pass made it clear that the civil war had shifted from an insurrection into a conventional war. The army looked for new sources of heavier weaponry and found it in China and Czechoslovakia. It looked for tracked vehicles for better cross country movements and larger caliber guns. In 1991, Sri Lanka Armoured Corps received from China twenty Type 85 light tanks, ten Type 90 APCs, command vehicles and a Type 86 armoured recovery vehicle which were assigned to the 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment replacing the British armoured cars. That year the SLAC introduced main battle tanks with the formation of its first tank regiment, the 4th Armoured Regiment at Clappenburg in Trincomalee equipped with T-55A medium tanks and T 55 ARVs brought down from the Czechoslovakia. In 1992, SLAC deployed twenty Type 86 infantry fighting vehicles. The two T-55A tanks of the 4th Armoured Regiment captured by the LTTE in the Battle of Pooneryn in November 1993. One of these destroyed by the air force and the other was re-captured at the end of the war.
The 5th Regiment raised in 1994 as an infantry role and converted to an armoured role as the 5th Reconnaissance Regiment with the arrival of Russian sixteen BMP-1 IFVs, followed by Chinese thirty Type 63 II APCs and a Czech T 54 AVLB bridge-layer. Many of the SLAC units deployed in the Operation Riviresa in 1995 and became the first units enter Jaffna. The 6th Regiment was raised in January 1997 and was initially deployed in an infantry role. In 1998, thirty three BTR-80 APCs and BTR-80 A IFVs were added to the \'A\' vehicle fleet shared between the 1st, 3rd, 6th recce regiments and were used in Operation Jayasikurui. In May 1998, the 7th Battalion, Sri Lanka National Guard was transferred as the SLAC as the 7th (Volunteer) Regiment in an infantry role. In 1999, the 8th Regiment was raised as a reinforcement regiment in an infantry role. In 1998 the SLAC was presented with the President\'s Standard in recognition of the service it has rendered.
In 2000, Czech T-55 AM II MBTs, BMP-2, BMP-3 IFVs were added followed by the BMP-2 command vehicles in 2002. The regiments underwent reorganizing with new equipment, the 4th Armoured Regiment was reorganized in 2001 with three squadrons of T-55 AM II; 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment received one squadron of T-55A and the 1st Reconnaissance Regiment phased out its old British AFVs and was fully equipped with BTR 80s and BTR 80A.
With the hostilities resuming in 2006, SLAC units deployed in offensive operations on all fronts. Its 4th Armoured Regiment lost six tanks in the key Battle of Jaffna. The 6th recce regiment was disbanded in February 2007 with its personal and equipment transferred to the newly formed Mechanized Infantry Regiment. In August 2007 a new 6th Reinforcement Regiment was raised followed by the 10th Reinforcement Regiment was raised in August 2008. In 2009 more Chinese WZ551 APCs were added and the 3rd Reconnaissance Regiment was re-designated as the 3rd Armoured Regiment as it was converted to a tank regiment. The army was negotiating the purchase of twenty Al Khalids from Pakistan when the war ended. Following end of the war, the 9th and 10th reinforcement regiments were disbanded and amalgamated with the 8th regiment in 2012.
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# Sri Lanka Armoured Corps
## Units
### Operations and administration {#operations_and_administration}
- Armoured Brigade
- Regimental Center
- SLAC regimental band
### Regular Army {#regular_army}
- 1st Reconnaissance Regiment SLAC
- 3rd Armoured Regiment SLAC (Formed on 16 November 1988 at Rock House Camp, Colombo)
- 4th Armoured Regiment SLAC (Formed on 24 September 1991 at Rock House camp, first ever Tank Regiment of SLA)
- 5th Reconnaissance Regiment SLAC (Formed on 6 January 1994 at Rock House Camp)
- 6th (RFT) Regiment SLAC
- 8th (RFT) Regiment SLAC (Disbanded) (Formed on 30 July 1998 at Vasavilan)
- 9th (RFT) Regiment SLAC (Disbanded) (Formed on 21 January 2008 and disbanded on 1 April 2012)
- 10th (RFT) Regiment SLAC (Disbanded) (Formed on 28 August 2008 and disbanded on 1 April 2012)
### Volunteer Force {#volunteer_force}
- 2nd(V) Regiment SLAC (Formed on 1 January 1979 and disbanded on 15 August 1987 to form 5 (V) Sri Lanka Light Infantry)
- 7th(V) Regiment SLAC (Converted from 7 Sri Lanka National Guard on 22 May 1998)
### Armoured Corps Training Centre {#armoured_corps_training_centre}
The Armoured Corps Training Centre (ACTC) was established in 1984 at the army camp at Kalattewa, Anuradhapura to train tradesmen needed to operate its fleet of AFV.
Its programs includes; `{{div col|colwidth=35em}}`{=mediawiki}
- Young officers course
- Recruit training course
- Tank commanders/ Troop sergeants course
- Basic tank drivers course
- B Vehicle course
- Gunner operators course
- Clerks course
- NCOs leadership course
- BTR drivers course
- Logistic course
- MT Document course
- Cpl to Sgt promotion course
- T 55 Tank Driver intensive course
- T 55 Tank Gnr/Opr intensive course
- Class 1 diver course
- Class 1 operator course
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# Sri Lanka Armoured Corps
## Equipment
**Main battle tanks**
- T-55AM2
**Light tanks**
- Type 85 light tank
**Armoured recovery vehicles**
- VT-55 Armoured recovery vehicle
- BMP-MTP Armoured recovery vehicle
- BREM-K Armoured recovery vehicle
**Armoured vehicle-launched bridges**
- MT-55A Armoured vehicle-launched bridge
**Infantry fighting vehicles**
- BMP-3 Infantry fighting vehicle
- BMP-2 Infantry fighting vehicle
- BMP-1 Infantry fighting vehicle
- Type 89 Armoured fighting vehicle
- Type 86 (WZ501) Armoured fighting vehicles
- Type 85 Armoured fighting vehicle
**Armoured cars**
- Alvis Saladin (retired)
- Daimler Armoured Cars (retired)
- Ferret armoured cars (retired)
**Armoured personnel carriers**
- BTR-80 Armoured personnel carrier
- Type 90/92 Armoured personnel carrier
- Type 63 (YW531) Armoured personnel carriers
- BTR-152 Armoured personnel carrier (retired)
- Alvis Saracen (retired)
## Notable members {#notable_members}
- General Deshamanya D. S. Attygalle, LVO, SLAC - former Commander of the Army, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence and father of the Sri Lanka Armoured Corps
- General Cyril Ranatunga, VSV, SLAC - former GOC, Joint Operations Command and Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence
- General Jagath Jayasuriya, VSV, USP, psc, SLAC - former Chief of the Defence Staff and Commander of the Army
- General Rohan Daluwatte, RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, SLAC - Former Commander of the Army.
- General Cecil Waidyaratne, VSV, USP, ndc, psc SLAC - Former Commander of the Army.
- Lieutenant General Denzil Kobbekaduwa RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, rcds, psc, SLAC`{{KIA}}`{=mediawiki} - Former General Officer Commanding Northern Sector & one of the greatest generals in modern Sri Lanka.
- Major General Y. Balaretnarajah, VSV, USP, ndc, SLAC- Former Chief of Staff of the Army, Commandant Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force, GOC, 1 Division and Commander, Security Forces, Jaffna.
- Major General DVSY Kulathunge USP, RSP, ndc, psc, SLAC- Former Chief of Staff of the Army and Cammandant Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force.
- Major General G.A Chandrasiri RWP, USP, mdc, psc SLAC- Former Chief of Staff of the Army and Commander, Northern Command.
- Major General C.H. Fernando, VSV, SLAC - former Director Operations, General Staff; GOC, 2 Division; Commandant, Army Training Centre; Commander, Northern Command.
- Major General T Paranagama VSV, USP, SLAC - Former GOC, 1 Division, GOC, 3 Division; and Commander Security Forces Headquarters - Wanni (SF HQ (W)),
- Major General T. N. De Silva, USP, psc, SLAC - former Commandant, Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force; GOC, 21 Division, Brigade Commander Armoured Brigade and Director, National Cadet Corps.
- Major General P.A Karunatilleke RWP- Former Deputy Overall Operations Commander and Commander Northern Command.
- Major General D. Kalupahana, RSP, USP, psc, SLAC - former GOC, 3 Division; GOC, 2 Division; Director Operations, General Staff and Commandant, Sri Lanka Military Academy.
- Major General N.A.Ranasinghe, RSP, VSV, USP, ndc, psc, Isc, SLAC - Former General Officer Commanding (GOC) 56 Division; Director Operations and Plans at the Joint Operations Headquarters, Commandant, Sri Lanka Military Academy, Commandant, Army Command and Staff College, Commandant, Defence Services Command and Staff College, First Commanding Officer of 5th Regiment, Sri Lanka Armoured Corps.
- Major General Nandana Udawatta, RSP, USP, SLAC - former Security Forces Headquarters -- Mullaitivu (SFHQ-MLT) and former GOC, 59 Division
- Major General Milinda Peiris, RWP, RSP, USP, ndc, psc - Vice Chancellor of the General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University (KDU).
- Major General Ubaya Madawela, USP, psc - Security Force Commander (West) and former Military Spokesman
- Brigadier Dennis Hapugalle, VSV, psc, SLAC - former Chief of Civil Defence and Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Internal Security.
- Brigadier M. H. Gunaratne, VSV, psc, SLAC - former Commander Security Forces Headquarters - East (SF HQ (E)), Commander, Task Force I and Task Force III and Commandant, Army Training Centre
- Brigadier R. M. Jayasinghe, USP, psc, SLAC - former Director Armour; brigade commander, armoured brigade; brigade commander, 212 Brigade and the first Military attaché, Sri Lankan Embassy, Washington DC
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