id
int64 39
7.13M
| title
stringlengths 1
182
| article_text
stringlengths 1
5.97M
| last_updated
timestamp[s]date 2025-06-20 00:00:00
2025-06-20 00:00:00
|
|---|---|---|---|
7,125,384 |
Kurt Bendlin
|
**Kurt Bendlin** (`{{IPA|de|kʊʁt bɛntˈliːn|-|De-Kurt Bendlin.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}; 22 May 1943 -- 29 August 2024) was a West German decathlete. In 1967 he became the first German to set a world decathlon record in 34 years; he was voted German Sportsman of the Year, received the Silbernes Lorbeerblatt, and was cast in bronze by Arno Breker. Next year he won a bronze medal at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
Bendlin won national decathlon titles in 1965, 1967, 1971, and 1974. He studied Physical Education at the German Sport University Cologne after his diploma he worked as a teacher of physical education. From 1979 to 2000 he was Head of company Sports of the Nixdorf Computer company. After 2000 he organized outdoor camps and training courses for managers, and in 1986 published a related book *Fitness für Manager*.
Bendlin died on 29 August 2024, at the age of 81.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,392 |
O.N.A.
|
**O.N.A.** was a Polish rock band formed in 1994.
The band was formed by musicians who had previously played together: Skawiński and Tkaczyk were in a band named Kombi; Kraszewski previously played in Kombi and TSA.
Grzegorz Skawiński was the leader of the band and the composer. Agnieszka Chylińska was the lyric writer and the vocalist.
## Discography
### Albums
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Sales | Certifications |
+=======================================================================================+====================================+======================+===================+======================+
| POL\ | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| *Modlishka* | - Released: 25 May 1995 | 47 | - POL: 100,000+ | - POL: Gold |
| | - Label: MJM Music PL | | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CS | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| *Bzzzzz* | - Released: 21 September 1996 | --- | - POL: 400,000+ | - POL: 2× Platinum |
| | - Label: Columbia Records Poland | | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CS | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| *T.R.I.P.* | - Released: 1 May 1998 | --- | - POL: 100,000+ | - POL: Platinum |
| | - Label: Columbia Records Poland | | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CS | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| *Pieprz* | - Released: 23 November 1999 | --- | - POL: 50,000+ | - POL: Gold |
| | - Label: Columbia Records Poland | | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CS | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| *Mrok* | - Released: 29 October 2001 | 4 | - POL: 50,000+ | - POL: Gold |
| | - Label: Sony Music Poland | | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CS | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
| \"---\" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+----------------------+-------------------+----------------------+
### Compilations
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+----------------------+
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions |
+=======================================================================================+==============================+======================+
| POL\ | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+----------------------+
| *To naprawdę już koniec 1995--2003* | - Released: 24 March 2003 | 30 |
| | - Label: Sony Music Poland | |
| | - Formats: CD, CD+DVD | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+----------------------+
| \"---\" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------+----------------------+
### Remix albums {#remix_albums}
+---------------+------------------------------------+
| Title | Album details |
+===============+====================================+
| *re-T.R.I.P.* | - Released: 28 May 1998 |
| | - Label: Columbia Records Poland |
| | - Formats: CD, CS |
+---------------+------------------------------------+
| | |
+---------------+------------------------------------+
## O.N.A. in the movies {#o.n.a._in_the_movies}
In 1997 two of the band\'s songs were featured in a movie *Musisz żyć* (*You\'ve Got to Live*, directed by Konrad Szołajski, 2000): *Białe ściany* and *Kiedy powiem sobie dość*. The band members appeared as cameos in one of the scenes.
In 1997 also *Mimo wszystko* was featured on a soundtrack to the movie *Młode Wilki 1/2* (*Young Wolves 1/2*), directed by Jarosław Zamojda.
Grzegorz Skawiński wrote music for the movie *Ostatnia misja* (*Last Mission*), directed by Wojciech Wójcik in 2000. There was also the song *Moja odpowiedź* on the soundtrack.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,397 |
Mike Wofford
|
**Mike Wofford** (born in San Antonio, Texas) is a jazz pianist who was raised in San Diego, California. He was an accompanist to singers Sarah Vaughan (in 1979) and Ella Fitzgerald (1989--1994).
He was known in the jazz community going back to the 1960s for the albums *Strawberry Wine* and *Summer Night*. He performed with Shorty Rogers, Bud Shank, Joe Pass, Shelly Manne, Kenny Burrell, and Zoot Sims.
## Discography
### As leader {#as_leader}
- *Strawberry Wine* (Epic, 1966) with John Doling, John Guerin
- *Summer Night* (Milestone, 1968) with Monty Budwig, John Guerin
- *Scott Joplin: Interpretations \'76* (Flying Dutchman, 1976) with Chuck Domanico, Shelly Manne
- *Afterthoughts* (Discovery, 1978)
- *Mike Wofford Trio Plays Jerome Kern Vol. 1* (Discovery, 1980) with Jim Plank, Andy Simpkins
- *Mike Wofford Quartet Plays Jerome Kern Vol. 2* (Discovery, 1980) with Tom Azarello, Anthony Ortega, Jim Plank
- *Mike Wofford Trio Plays Jerome Kern Vol. 3* (Discovery, 1981) with Jim Plank, Andy Simpkins
- *Sure Thing* (Discovery, 1981) with Tom Azarello, Monty Budwig, John Guerin, Jim Plank, Andy Simpkins
- *Funkallero* (Trend, 1987) with Sherman Ferguson, Andy Simpkins, Paul Sundfor
- *Plays Gerald Wilson \"Gerald\'s People\"* (Discovery, 1988) with Carl Burnett, Richie Gajate Garcia, Rufus Reid
- *Mike Wofford at Maybeck* (Concord Jazz, 1991)
- *Synergy* (Heavywood, 1998) with Joe LaBarbera, Rob Thorsen
- *Time Cafe* (Azica, 2001) with Duncan Moore, Darek Oleszkiewicz
- *Turn Signal* (Capri, 2012) with Holly Hofmann
- *It\'s Personal* (Capri, 2013)
### As sideman {#as_sideman}
**With Elek Bacsik**
- *Bird and Dizzy -- a Musical Tribute* (Flying Dutchman, 1975)
**With Kenny Burrell**
- *Both Feet on the Ground* (Fantasy, 1973)
**With Gil Fuller**
- *Night Flight* (Pacific Jazz, 1965)
**With Richard \"Groove\" Holmes**
- *Six Million Dollar Man*, (RCA/Flying Dutchman, 1975)
**With John Klemmer**
- *Constant Throb* (Impulse!, 1971)
**With Shelly Manne**
- *Jazz Gunn* (Atlantic, 1967)
- *Perk Up* (Concord Jazz, 1967 \[1976\])
- *Daktari* (Atlantic, 1967)
- *Alive in London* (Contemporary, 1970)
- *Mannekind* (Mainstream, 1972)
- *Essence* (Galaxy, 1977)
- *French Concert* (Galaxy, 1977 \[1979\]) with Lee Konitz
**With Oliver Nelson**
- *Skull Session* (Flying Dutchman, 1975)
- *Stolen Moments* (East Wind, 1975)
**With Howard Roberts**
- *Antelope Freeway* (Impulse!, 1971)
- *Equinox Express Elevator* (Impulse!, 1972)
**With Sonny Stitt**
- *Dumpy Mama* (Flying Dutchman, 1975)
**With Gerald Wilson**
- *California Soul* (Pacific Jazz, 1968)
- *Lomelin* (Discovery, 1981)
**With Kenny Rankin**
- *Professional Dreamer* (Private Music, 1995)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,460 |
Al-Hassan Stadium
|
**Al-Hassan Stadium** (*مَلعب الحَسن*) is a multi-purpose stadium in Irbid, Jordan, located near Yarmouk University. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 12,000 people.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,471 |
Lehmbruck Museum
|
The **Stiftung Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum - Center for International Sculpture** is a museum in Duisburg, Germany.
Sculptures by Wilhelm Lehmbruck, after whom the museum is named, make up a large part of its collection. However, the museum has a substantial number of works by other 20th-century sculptors, including Ernst Barlach, Käthe Kollwitz, Ludwig Kasper, Hermann Blumenthal, Alexander Archipenko, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Henri Laurens, Jacques Lipchitz, Alexander Rodtschenko, Laszlo Péri, Naum Gabo, Antoine Pevsner, Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dalí and Max Ernst. This is complemented by a considerable number of paintings by 19th- and 20th-century German artists. The museum circulates its substantial collection by re-installing works on an annual basis.
## Selected collection highlights {#selected_collection_highlights}
August Macke - Couple on the Forest Track - Google Art Project.jpg\|August Macke Ernst Ludwig Kirchner - Mountain Forest Path - Google Art Project.jpg\|Ernst Ludwig Kirchner
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,476 |
Anthony Heward
|
Air Chief Marshal **Sir Anthony Wilkinson Heward**, `{{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|KCB|OBE|DFC1|AFC}}`{=mediawiki} (1 July 1918 -- 27 October 1995) was a senior Royal Air Force (RAF) commander.
## RAF career {#raf_career}
Heward joined the Royal Air Force in 1936. He served in the Second World War as Officer Commanding No. 50 Squadron and then as Officer Commanding No. 97 Squadron before being made Personal Staff Officer to the Air Commander-in-Chief, RAF Mediterranean and Middle East in July 1945.
Promoted to group captain, he was appointed to the Air & Special Operations staff at Headquarters Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe in 1957 and Station Commander at RAF Finningley in 1959. Then after attending the Imperial Defence College in 1962 he was promoted to air commodore and appointed Director of Operations (Bomber & Reconnaissance) at the Ministry of Defence in 1963. Promoted to air vice marshal, he was appointed Deputy Commander of RAF Germany in 1966, Air Officer for Administration at Headquarters RAF Air Support Command in 1969 and Chief of Staff at RAF Strike Command in 1970. Promoted to air marshal, he went on to be Air Officer Commanding No. 18 (Maritime) Group in February 1972 and Air Member for Supply and Organisation in 1973. He was promoted to air chief marshal in 1974 and retired in 1976.
In retirement he became a County councillor for Wiltshire.
## Family
In 1944, he married Clare Myfanwy Wainwright, the daughter of Major-General C B Wainwright CB. They had two children.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,478 |
Hofstetten, Bavaria
|
**Hofstetten** is a municipality in the district of Landsberg in Bavaria in Germany. It has 1759 inhabitants.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,481 |
Monsoon trough
|
The **monsoon trough** is a convergence zone between the wind patterns of the southern and northern hemispheres. It is a portion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the Western Pacific, and is depicted by a line on a weather map showing the locations of minimum sea level pressure.
Westerly monsoon winds lie in its equatorward portion while easterly trade winds exist poleward of the trough. Right along its axis, heavy rains can be found which usher in the peak of a location\'s respective rainy season. The monsoon trough plays a role in creating many of the world\'s rainforests.
The term *monsoon trough* is most commonly used in monsoonal regions of the Western Pacific such as Asia and Australia. The migration of the ITCZ/monsoon trough into a landmass heralds the beginning of the annual rainy season during summer months. Depressions and tropical cyclones often form in the vicinity of the monsoon trough, with each capable of producing a year\'s worth of rainfall in a matter of days.
## Movement and strength {#movement_and_strength}
Monsoon troughing in the western Pacific reaches its zenith in latitude during the late summer when the wintertime surface ridge in the opposite hemisphere is the strongest. It can reach as far as the 40th parallel in East Asia during August and the 20th parallel in Australia during February. Its poleward progression is accelerated by the onset of the summer monsoon which is characterized by the development of lower air pressure over the warmest part of the various continents. In the Southern Hemisphere, the monsoon trough associated with the Australian monsoon reaches its most southerly latitude in February, oriented along a west-northwest/east-southeast axis. North-south-oriented mountain barriers, like the Rockies and the Andes, and large massifs, such as the Plateau of Tibet, also influence atmospheric flow.
### Effect of wind surges {#effect_of_wind_surges}
Increases in the relative vorticity, or spin, with the monsoon trough are normally a product of increased wind convergence within the convergence zone of the monsoon trough. Wind surges can lead to this increase in convergence. A strengthening or equatorward movement in the subtropical ridge can cause a strengthening of a monsoon trough as a wind surge moves towards the location of the monsoon trough. As fronts move through the subtropics and tropics of one hemisphere during their winter, normally as shear lines when their temperature gradient becomes minimal, wind surges can cross the equator in oceanic regions and enhance a monsoon trough in the other hemisphere\'s summer. A key way of detecting whether a wind surge has reached a monsoon trough is the formation of a burst of thunderstorms within the monsoon trough.
### Monsoon depressions {#monsoon_depressions}
thumb\|left\|upright=0.85\|Monsoon depression near Bangladesh If a circulation forms within the monsoon trough, it is able to compete with the neighboring thermal low over the continent, and a wind surge will occur at its periphery. Such a circulation which is broad in nature within a monsoon trough is known as a monsoon depression. In the Northern Hemisphere, monsoon depressions are generally asymmetric, and tend to have their strongest winds on their eastern periphery. Light and variable winds cover a large area near their center, while bands of showers and thunderstorms develop within their area of circulation.
The presence of an upper level jet stream poleward and west of the system can enhance its development by leading to increased diverging air aloft over the monsoon depression, which leads to a corresponding drop in surface pressure. Even though these systems can develop over land, the outer portions of monsoon depressions are similar to tropical cyclones. In India, for example, 6 to 7 monsoon depressions move across the country yearly, and their numbers within the Bay of Bengal increase during July and August of El Niño events. Monsoon depressions are efficient rainfall producers, and can generate a year\'s worth of rainfall when they move through drier areas, such as the outback of Australia.
Some tropical cyclones recognised by Regional Specialized Meteorological Centres have characteristics of a monsoon depression throughout their lifetime. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) added *monsoon depression* as a category in 2015, and Cyclone Komen is the first system recognised as a fully monsoon depression by JTWC.
## Roles
### In rainy season {#in_rainy_season}
`{{See also|Wet season|Monsoon}}`{=mediawiki} Since the monsoon trough is an area of convergence in the wind pattern, and an elongated area of low pressure at the surface, the trough focuses low level moisture and is defined by one or more elongated bands of thunderstorms when viewing satellite imagery. Its abrupt movement to the north between May and June is coincident with the beginning of the monsoon regime and rainy seasons across South and East Asia. This convergence zone has been linked to prolonged heavy rain events in the Yangtze river as well as northern China. Its presence has also been linked to the peak of the rainy season in locations within Australia.
### In tropical cyclogenesis {#in_tropical_cyclogenesis}
*Main article: Tropical cyclogenesis* A monsoon trough is a significant genesis region for tropical cyclones. Vorticity-rich low level environments, with significant low level spin, lead to a better than average chance of tropical cyclone formation due to their inherent rotation. This is because a pre-existing near-surface disturbance with sufficient spin and convergence is one of the six requirements for tropical cyclogenesis. There appears to be a 15- to 25-day cycle in thunderstorm activity associated with the monsoon trough, which is roughly half the wavelength of the Madden--Julian oscillation, or MJO. This mirrors tropical cyclone genesis near these features, as genesis clusters in 2--3 weeks of activity followed by 2--3 weeks of inactivity. Tropical cyclones can form in outbreaks around these features under special circumstances, tending to follow the next cyclone to its poleward and west.
Whenever the monsoon trough on the eastern side of the summertime Asian monsoon is in its normal orientation (oriented east-southeast to west-northwest), tropical cyclones along its periphery will move with a westward motion. If it reverses its orientation, orienting southwest to northeast, tropical cyclones will move more poleward. Tropical cyclone tracks with S-shapes tend to be associated with reverse-oriented monsoon troughs. The South Pacific convergence zone and South Atlantic convergence zones are generally reverse oriented. The failure of the monsoon trough, or the ITCZ, to move south of the equator in the eastern Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean during the southern hemisphere summer, is considered one of the factors causing tropical cyclones to not normally form in those regions. It has also been noted that when the monsoon trough lies near 20 degrees north latitude in the Pacific, the frequency of tropical cyclones is 2 to 3 times greater than when it lies closer to 10 degrees north.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,482 |
George Nevill, 1st Earl of Abergavenny
|
**George Nevill, 1st Earl of Abergavenny** (24 June 1727 -- 9 September 1785), known as **Lord Bergavenny** from 1744 to 1784, was an English peer. He married into a branch of the Pelham family seated at Stanmer and briefly held office as Lord Lieutenant of Sussex. Created an earl in 1784, he died the following year.
He was born on 24 June 1727 at Kidbrooke Park in Forest Row, the oldest son of William Nevill, 16th Baron Bergavenny, and his wife Katharine Tatton. George was baptised at St Margaret\'s, Westminster on 14 July 1727, with King George II as his godfather. He succeeded his father as Baron Bergavenny on 21 September 1744, and matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford on 21 February 1744/5.
On 5 February 1753, he married Henrietta Pelham, daughter of Thomas Pelham (d. 1737), at Stanmer. She was the widow of Hon. Richard Temple. They had three children:
- Henry Nevill, 2nd Earl of Abergavenny (1755--1843)
- Lady Henrietta Nevill (24 May 1756 -- 2 April 1833), married Sir John Berney, 7th Baronet and had issue
- Rev. Hon. George Henry Nevill (6 September 1760 -- 7 August 1844), matriculated on 11 May 1787 at Christ Church, Oxford, married Caroline Walpole, daughter of Hon. Richard Walpole and had the following issue:
- - Catherine Caroline (5 August 1789 -- 23 January 1794)
- Rev George (16 March 1792 -- 20 September 1825)
- Rev Henry Walpole(b. 10 November 1803) Married 28 May 1833, Frances Bart, youngest daughter of Sir Edmund Bacon Bart.
- Reginald Henry (b. 14 September 1807)
Bergavenny was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Sussex in July 1757 but resigned the post in July 1761. On 17 May 1784, he was created Earl of Abergavenny and Viscount Nevill. He died on 9 September 1785 and was buried at East Grinstead. The Earl was succeeded by his son, Henry Nevill, 2nd Earl of Abergavenny.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,493 |
Elmer E. Rasmuson
|
**Elmer Edwin Rasmuson** (February 15, 1909 -- December 1, 2000) was an American banker, philanthropist and politician in the territory and state of Alaska. He led the family business, National Bank of Alaska, for many decades as president and later chairman. He also served as Mayor of Anchorage from 1964 to 1967 and was the Republican nominee for United States Senator from Alaska in the 1968 election, losing the general election to Mike Gravel.
## Early life {#early_life}
Elmer Edwin Rasmuson was born in Yakutat, Alaska to Edward Anton Rasmuson (1882--1949) and Jenny Olson Rasmuson, Swedish immigrants and missionaries of the Evangelical Covenant Church who had met in Yakutat. Elmer had an older sister, Evangeline, who born in 1906.
Elmer\'s father took correspondence courses in law, and in 1915, moved the family to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where he passed the bar examination. The family moved back to Alaska within the year, stopping first in Juneau before settling in Skagway, where Edward found work as a magistrate.
Elmer attended Skagway School. In his memoirs, he called Skagway a \"good town in which to grow up.\" While he was still in school, he worked for the Bank of Alaska, which his father had taken over in 1918. He graduated from Queen Anne High School in Seattle, Washington in 1925, and after a couple of years at the University of Washington, transferred to Harvard University in 1928, earning a Bachelor of Science in 1930 and a Master of Arts in 1935.
## Family and work {#family_and_work}
He went to work for Arthur Andersen, and in 1939, married Lile Bernard of New Jersey. They had three children: Edward Bernard (born 1940), Lile Gibbons, and Judy.
In 1940, Andersen sent Elmer to work in Houston, Texas, mostly for Texaco. Elmer returned to Skagway in 1943, recalled by his father, who began to suffer from heart disease. Elmer was installed as president of the National Bank of Alaska. In 1945, the bank\'s headquarters were moved to Anchorage. Edward Anton Rasmuson died in 1949, leaving the bank to his son.
In 1954, together with brother-in-law Robert Atwood (who had married Evangeline in 1932), Elmer invested in Richfield Oil\'s exploration of the Kenai Peninsula. The investment yielded great profits after oil was discovered in 1957 near the Swanson River.
In 1955, Elmer created, with his mother, the charitable Rasmuson Foundation. It was to become \"the most generous private donor in Alaska history.\" [1](http://test.rasmuson.org/SiteEditor/index.php?switch=viewpage&pageid=48)
Elmer\'s wife, Lile, died of cancer in 1960. The same year, a merger made National Bank of Alaska the largest bank in the state.
In 1961, Elmer married Mary Louise Milligan, national director of the Women\'s Army Corps.
In 1972, Elmer received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.
## Political career and legacy {#political_career_and_legacy}
Critical of government response to the Good Friday earthquake of 1964, Rasmuson ran for Mayor of Anchorage, and was elected. He served a three-year term, overseeing reconstruction of the city. In 1967, he organized the foundation of the Anchorage Historical and Fine Arts Museum, intended to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Purchase of Alaska.
In 1968, he ran for the U.S. Senate in the Republican primary, beating out Ted Stevens for the party\'s nomination. But he lost the general election, coming second to Democrat Mike Gravel. Incumbent Senator Ernest Gruening, who had lost his party\'s nomination to Gravel, placed third.
In 1969, Rasmuson stepped down as Regent of the University of Alaska Fairbanks, a position he had held since 1950. In 1970, the Elmer E. Rasmuson Library was dedicated to his service.
In 1974, Elmer Rasmuson retired from work at the National Bank of Alaska, transferring the business to his son, Edward B. Rasmuson.
In 1980, Elmer Rasmuson was elected as the first chairman of the Board of Trustees of the newly formed Alaska Permanent Fund. He would hold this position until 1982.
Elmer E. Rasmuson died December 1, 2000, in Seattle, as a result of congestive heart failure. He concluded decades of philanthropic work by leaving his fortune to charity, including \$19 million for the University of Alaska Fairbanks and \$400 million for Rasmuson Foundation.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,497 |
2006 IAAF World Road Running Championships
|
The **1st IAAF World Road Running Championships** were held in Debrecen, Hungary on 8 October 2006, the women\'s race starting at 11:00 and the men\'s race at 13:00. This was the first time the title of World Road Running Champion had been competed for, with this competition replacing the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships in the international sporting calendar. 140 athletes from 39 nations took part in the two races.
As well as individual honours, there is also a team event where the times of the first three runners home from each country are added together to produce the team standings. Only nations with at least three competitors entered in the race are eligible for this competition.
The race was notable for having the first disabled athlete to take part in a world championship athletics event. Mark Brown, who was competing for Gibraltar, lost his left arm in a traffic accident in 1981.
Detailed reports on the event and an appraisal of the results were given both for the men\'s race and for the women\'s race.
## The course {#the_course}
The total race distance was 20 kilometres, and consisted of four laps around a 5000-metre course. The race started and finished in front of the main building of the University of Debrecen (pictured left) on the northern edge of the city, and travelled in a clockwise direction around nearby parkland.
The runners started on Egyetem Square, outside the university, before heading around the circular Nagyerdei Avenue. Most of the course followed Nagyerdei Avenue, with two detours onto the roads inside the circle, passing the thermal baths and the Aquaticum Thermal & Wellness Hotel, before rounding the boating lake, passing the Nagyerdõ Stadium and the Hunguest Nagyerdõ Hotel. The race then headed back to Egyetem Square to complete the lap.
## Medallists
----------------
**Individual**
Men
Women
**Team**
Team Men
Team Women
----------------
## Race results {#race_results}
Complete results were published for the men\'s race, for the women\'s race, for men\'s team, and for women\'s team.
### Men\'s
Rank Athlete Nationality Time Notes
------ --------------------------- ------------- --------- --------
Zersenay Tadesse 56:01 **CR**
Robert Kipkorir Kipchumba 56:41 **NR**
Wilson Kiprotich Kebenei 57:15
4 Wilson Busienei 57:21 **NR**
5 Wilfred Taragon 57:22
6 Deriba Merga 57:27
7 Tadesse Tola 57:27
8 Mubarak Hassan Shami 57:33 **NR**
9 Dieudonné Disi 57:42 **NR**
10 Yonas Kifle 57:49
11 Ryan Hall 57:54
12 Dickson Marwa 58:19
13 Martin Toroitich 58:26
14 Essa Ismail Rashed 58:31
15 Cuthbert Nyasango 58:43
16 Jamal Bilal Salem 58:55
17 Fred Mogaka 59:07
18 Lusapho April 59:09
19 James Theuri 59:11
20 Demssew Tsega 59:23
21 Tesfayohannes Mesfen 59:29
22 Iván Hierro 59:29
23 Migidio Bourifa 59:37
24 James Kibet 59:40
25 Antonello Petrei 59:45
26 Patrick Musyoki 59:54
27 Kazuo Ietani 59:56
28 Stephen Rogart 1:00:03
29 Sultan Khamis Zaman 1:00:07
30 Andrew Carlson 1:00:12
31 Moulay Ali Ouadih 1:00:15
32 Masayuki Tomura 1:00:24
33 Enos Matalane 1:00:25
34 Max King 1:00:26
35 Masatoshi Ibata 1:00:30
36 Ibrahim Fouliyeh 1:00:43
37 Juan Vargas 1:00:45
38 Henryk Szost 1:00:51
39 Iván Galán 1:00:55
40 Sergey Rybin 1:00:57
41 Francis Kirwa 1:00:57
42 João de Lima 1:00:59
43 Rafael Iglesias 1:01:00
44 Adriano Fortes 1:01:05
45 Martin Dent 1:01:15
46 Jussi Utriainen 1:01:24
47 Kahsay Kidane 1:01:34
48 Norman Dlomo 1:01:37
49 Fabio Mascheroni 1:01:38
50 Elson Gracioli 1:01:53
51 Pablo López 1:01:56
52 Juan Carlos Romero 1:01:57
53 Gian Marco Buttazzo 1:02:00
54 Tamás Tóth 1:02:04
55 Joseph Driscoll 1:02:11
57 Cian McLoughlin 1:02:22
58 Ernesto Zamora 1:02:23
59 Tomonori Michikata 1:02:29
60 Mphuthumi Ngedle 1:02:34
61 Balázs Csillag 1:02:45
62 George Mofokeng 1:02:59
63 Simon Munyutu 1:03:00
64 Mohamed Abou Serea 1:03:01
65 Kazuyoshi Shimozato 1:03:03
66 Alex Malinga 1:03:06
67 Christian Pflügl 1:03:07
68 Igor Teteryukov 1:03:14
68 Rik Ceulemans 1:03:14
69 Martin Beckmann 1:03:19
70 Joe McAlister 1:03:36
71 Solomon Tsige 1:03:48
72 Fernando Cabada Jr. 1:03:52
73 Aleksandr Moh 1:04:31
74 Roland Kedves 1:04:52
75 András Juhász 1:05:18
76 Dániel Soos 1:07:18
77 Wilson Aquiro 1:07:49
78 Mark Brown 1:12:11
79 Badboni El-Safadi 1:41:15
--- Paulo dos Santos DNF
--- Yared Asmeron DNF
--- Lishan Yegezu DNF
--- Nicholas Kemboi DNF
--- Martin Hhaway Sulle DNS
### Women\'s
Rank Athlete Nationality Time Notes
------ -------------------------- ------------- --------- --------
Lornah Kiplagat 1:03:21 **WR**
Constantina Diţă-Tomescu 1:03:23 **NR**
Rita Sitienei Jeptoo 1:03:47 **AR**
4 Dire Tune 1:05:16 **NR**
5 Edith Masai 1:05:21
6 Kayoko Fukushi 1:05:32 **NR**
7 Yurika Nakamura 1:05:36
8 Natalya Berkut 1:05:42
9 Souad Aït Salem 1:06:11
10 Teyba Erkesso 1:06:15
11 Anikó Kálovics 1:06:20
12 Gulnara Vygovskaya 1:06:30
13 Natalya Kurbatova 1:06:33
14 Eunice Jepkorir 1:06:47
15 Irina Timofeyeva 1:07:10
16 Luminița Talpoș 1:07:11
17 Ashu Kasim 1:07:19
18 Anna Thompson 1:07:23
19 Ryoko Kizaki 1:07:52
20 Masami Sakata 1:08:13
21 Olesya Syreva 1:08:14
22 Simona Staicu 1:08:17
23 Alina Ivanova 1:08:27
24 Beáta Rakonczai 1:08:38
25 Mulu Seboka 1:08:59
26 Gloria Marconi 1:09:05
27 Susan Partridge 1:09:17
28 Lidia Șimon 1:09:22
29 Adriana Pirtea 1:09:30
30 Silvia Sommaggio 1:09:33
31 Kirsten Melkevik Otterbu 1:09:37
32 Justyna Bąk 1:09:48
33 Paula Todoran 1:09:57
34 Živilė Balčiūnaitė 1:10:10
35 Ivana Iozzia 1:10:27
36 Selma Borst 1:10:37
37 Lisa Weightman 1:10:51
38 Wendy Nicholls/Jones 1:10:55
39 Hafida Gadi-Richard 1:11:07
40 Annie Bersagel 1:11:25
41 Ann Alyanak 1:11:48
42 Erin Nehus 1:11:51
43 Desireé Davila 1:11:56
44 Lauren Shelley 1:12:22
45 Maria Rodrigues 1:12:26
46 Yodit Mehari 1:12:27
47 Merel de Knegt 1:12:32
48 Sonja Friend-Uhl 1:12:41
49 Stefania Benedetti 1:12:57
50 Susana Díaz Escobar 1:13:09
51 Petra Teveli 1:13:24
52 Maria Silva 1:14:13
53 Rosa Barbosa 1:14:30
54 Antonia da Silva 1:15:16
55 Zsuzsanna Vajda 1:18:56
56 Sara Abou Hassan 1:19:55
57 Maria Laura Bazallo 1:20:58
## Team results {#team_results}
### Men\'s {#mens_1}
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| Rank | Country | Team | Time |
+======+=========+============================+=========+
| | | Robert Kipkorir Kipchumba\ | 2:51:18 |
| | | Wilson Kiprotich Kebenei\ | |
| | | Wilfred Taragon | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| | | Zersenay Tadesse\ | 2:53:19 |
| | | Yonas Kifle\ | |
| | | Tesfayohannes Mesfen | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| | | Deriba Merga\ | 2:54:17 |
| | | Tadesse Tola\ | |
| | | Demssew Tsega | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 4 | | Mubarak Hassan Shami\ | 2:54:59 |
| | | Essa Ismail Rashed\ | |
| | | Jamal Bilal Salem | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 5 | | Wilson Busienei\ | 2:55:27 |
| | | Martin Toroitich\ | |
| | | James Kibet | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 6 | | Ryan Hall\ | 2:58:32 |
| | | Andrew Carlson\ | |
| | | Max King | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 7 | | James Theuri\ | 3:00:09 |
| | | Moulay Ali Ouadih\ | |
| | | Ibrahim Fouliyeh | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 8 | | Kazuo Ietani\ | 3:00:50 |
| | | Masayuki Tomura\ | |
| | | Masatoshi Ibata | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 9 | | Migidio Bourifa\ | 3:01:00 |
| | | Antonello Petrei\ | |
| | | Fabio Mascheroni | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 10 | | Lusapho April\ | 3:01:11 |
| | | Enos Matalane\ | |
| | | Norman Dlomo | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 11 | | Iván Hierro\ | 3:01:24 |
| | | Iván Galán\ | |
| | | Rafael Iglesias | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 12 | | João de Lima\ | 3:03:57 |
| | | Adriano Fortes\ | |
| | | Elson Gracioli | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
| 13 | | Tamás Tóth\ | 3:09:41 |
| | | Balázs Csillag\ | |
| | | Roland Kedves | |
+------+---------+----------------------------+---------+
### Women\'s {#womens_1}
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| Rank | Country | Team | Time |
+======+=========+===========================+=========+
| | | Rita Sitienei Jeptoo\ | 3:15:55 |
| | | Edith Masai\ | |
| | | Eunice Jepkorir | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| | | Dire Tune\ | 3:18:50 |
| | | Teyba Erkesso\ | |
| | | Ashu Kasim | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| | | Kayoko Fukushi\ | 3:19:00 |
| | | Yurika Nakamura\ | |
| | | Ryoko Kizaki | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 4 | | Constantina Diţă-Tomescu\ | 3:19:56 |
| | | Luminița Talpoș\ | |
| | | Lidia Șimon | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 5 | | Gulnara Vygovskaya\ | 3:20:13 |
| | | Natalya Kurbatova\ | |
| | | Irina Timofeyeva | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 6 | | Anikó Kálovics\ | 3:23:15 |
| | | Simona Staicu\ | |
| | | Beáta Rakonczai | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 7 | | Lornah Kiplagat\ | 3:26:30 |
| | | Selma Borst\ | |
| | | Merel de Knegt | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 8 | | Gloria Marconi\ | 3:29:05 |
| | | Silvia Sommaggio\ | |
| | | Ivana Iozzia | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 9 | | Anna Thompson\ | 3:30:36 |
| | | Lisa Weightman\ | |
| | | Lauren Shelley | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 10 | | Annie Bersagel\ | 3:35:04 |
| | | Ann Alyanak\ | |
| | | Erin Nehus | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
| 11 | | Maria Rodrigues\ | 3:41:09 |
| | | Maria Silva\ | |
| | | Rosa Barbosa | |
+------+---------+---------------------------+---------+
## Participation
The participation of 140 athletes (83 men/57 women) from 39 countries is reported. `{{div col|colwidth=22em}}`{=mediawiki}
- \(1\)
- \(4\)
- \(1\)
- \(1\)
- \(1\)
- \(8\)
- \(1\)
- \(2\)
- \(6\)
- \(9\)
- \(2\)
- \(5\)
- \(1\)
- \(1\)
- \(10\)
- \(2\)
- \(8\)
- \(9\)
- \(8\)
- \(1\)
- \(1\)
- \(3\)
- \(3\)
- \(1\)
- \(1\)
- \(2\)
- \(5\)
- \(5\)
- \(6\)
- \(1\)
- \(5\)
- \(4\)
- \(2\)
- \(4\)
- \(1\)
- \(2\)
- \(10\)
- \(2\)
- \(1\)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,498 |
Antakalnis Cemetery
|
**Antakalnis Cemetery** (*Antakalnio kapinės*, *Cmentarz na Antokolu*, *Антокальскія могілкі*), sometimes referred as Antakalnis Military Cemetery, is an active cemetery in the Antakalnis district of Vilnius, Lithuania. It was established in 1809.
## Soldier burials {#soldier_burials}
12 of the 14 victims of the Soviet attacks during the January Events of 1991 as well as the Medininkai Massacre are buried here. Other graves include those of Polish soldiers who perished in 1919--1920; a memorial of Lithuanian as well as German and Russian soldiers fallen in World War I; and Red Army soldiers of World War II (constructed in 1951, rebuilt 1976--1984). The monument to Soviet soldiers was taken apart and transported to storage in December 2022 due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
In 2003, more than 3,000 French and other soldiers of the Grande Armée of Napoleon I who took part in the 1812 invasion of Russia were reburied at the cemetery, after their bodies were excavated some two years prior from French-dug trenches which were used by the victorious Russians as mass graves due to the frozen state of the ground; French and Lithuanian diplomats participated in the interment ceremony. The remains of 18 more soldiers from the army who were dumped into a different area were reburied in November 2010.
## Famous interments {#famous_interments}
The famous people buried in the Antakalnis Cemetery include:
- Algirdas Brazauskas (1932--2010), politician, first president of independent Lithuania, elected in 1993
- Teodor Bujnicki (1907--1944), Polish poet
- Vytautas Edmundas Čekanauskas (1930--2010), Lithuanian architect
- Ričardas Gavelis (1950--2002), Lithuanian writer, playwright, and journalist
- Sigitas Geda (1943--2008), Lithuanian poet, writer, playwright
- Romualdas Granauskas (1939--2014), Lithuanian writer, playwright
- Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961--2007), Lithuanian writer
- Juozas Kamarauskas (1874--1946), Lithuanian painter
- Vytautas Kasiulis (1918--1995), Lithuanian painter of the School of Paris
- Vytautas Kernagis (1951--2008), Lithuanian singer and songwriter
- Kostas Kubilinskas (1923--1962), Lithuanian poet
- Jurgis Kunčinas (1947--2002), Lithuanian poet, writer
- Faustas Latėnas (1956--2020), Lithuanian composer, theatre manager
- Justinas Marcinkevičius (1930--2011), poet, writer and playwright
- Danas Pozniakas (1939--2005), Lithuanian boxer, the first Olympic champion from Lithuania
- Vytautas Šapranauskas (1958--2013), theater and film actor, television presenter, humorist
- Anton Schmid (1900--1942), German sergeant, Righteous Among the Nations
- Ieva Simonaitytė (1897--1978), Lithuanian writer
- Laurynas Stankevičius (1935--2017), Lithuanian politician, Prime Minister of Lithuania
- Antanas Venclova (1906--1979), Lithuanian and Soviet writer and politician
- Norbertas Vėlius (1938--1996), Lithuanian folklorist
- Rokas Žilinskas (1972--2017), Lithuanian journalist and politician
- Marian Zdziechowski (1861--1938), Polish philosopher and historian
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,510 |
IBM Remote Supervisor Adapter
|
The **IBM Remote Supervisor Adapter** is a full-length ISA or PCI adapter produced by the IBM corporation.
## Adapter versions {#adapter_versions}
### Advanced Systems Management Adapter (ASMA) {#advanced_systems_management_adapter_asma}
This is a full-length ISA or PCI adapter. The ISA version is very rare, and was only ever supported in one or two servers. This adapter can be accessed either in-band through a device driver, or out-band over serial or 10Mbit Ethernet.
In addition, this adapter supports chaining of IBM Servers with Advanced Systems Management Processors (ASMP) using RJ45 patch cables (RS-485 signal), to reduce the number of
- IBM Netfinity 5000, 5100, 5500, 5500 M10, 5500 M20, 5600
- IBM Netfinity 6000R
- IBM Netfinity 7000 M10, 7100, 7600
- IBM Netfinity 8500R
- IBM eServer xSeries 230, 240, 250
- IBM eServer xSeries 330 (8654), 340, 350, 370
### Remote Supervisor Adapter II (RSA-II) 73P9265 {#remote_supervisor_adapter_ii_rsa_ii_73p9265}
This is a half-length full-height PCI adapter, which can be accessed either in-band through a device driver, or out-band over serial or Ethernet.
In addition, this adapter supports chaining of IBM Servers with Integrated Systems Management Processors (ISMP) using RJ45 patch cables (RS-485 signal), to reduce the number of adapters required.
This adapter (when properly cabled) can be accessed for in-band management through a USB driver.
This adapter has its own ATI video chip, and will cause the onboard video chip to get disabled. The reason for this was to resolve some of the problems with capturing the video for the remote KVM function that the original RSA experienced. Just like the original RSA, in the event of chaining the remote KVM function is only supported on the server with the adapter installed.
Supported servers:
- IBM eServer 326, 326m
- IBM eServer xSeries 206, 225 (8649), 226, 235, 255
- IBM eServer xSeries 305, 306, 306m, 335, 345, 365
- IBM eServer xSeries 445
The RSA-II requires a 20-pin cable to attach to the motherboard of the server. Without this cable the remote video facilities will still work, and if the external USB cable is connected, the remote keyboard and mouse will work---but nothing else (including power control) will function properly. Moreover, some servers will pause for 30--120 seconds after power-on if the RSA-II is installed but the cable is missing.
Different cables are required for different servers, and as of April 2008 it appears that the cards themselves are far more plentiful on the used market than certain cables---often the cables sell for more than the cards themselves!
Here is a table of known server/cablenumber combinations:
- eServer 326 uses cable 73P9312
- x345 uses cable 02R1661
Older servers use what is known as the \"planar cable\". Newer servers use the cable shown in the adjacent image:
### Remote Supervisor Adapter II Slimline (RSA-II Slimline) {#remote_supervisor_adapter_ii_slimline_rsa_ii_slimline}
This is a special version of the RSA-II that does not need a PCI slot. Instead it is plugged into a dedicated slot on the systemboard, like a Mini PCI adapter. This version also does not have a video controller anymore like the RSA-II.
Out-band management is provided by a dedicated Ethernet port on the server, which is not connected if the RSA-II Slimline is not installed. In-Band management is provided by the same USB driver as the RSA-II.
Supported servers:
- IBM eServer xSeries 236, 260
- IBM eServer xSeries 336, 346, 366
- IBM eServer xSeries 460, MXE-460
- IBM System x 3200, 3250, 3350, 3400, 3500, 3550, 3650, 3655, 3755, 3800, 3850, 3950
## Related
### BladeCenter Management Module (BCMM) {#bladecenter_management_module_bcmm}
This is the first management module of the IBM BladeCenter.
Its function is very similar to that of the RSA-II
The BCMM provides an external 10/100Mbit Ethernet connection (used for out-of-band management) and shared VGA, PS/2 Keyboard and PS/2 Mouse ports. Internally the VGA and PS/2 ports are switchable between blades. The PS/2 ports are internally seen to the blades as USB.
This has since been phased out and replaced by the BCAMM. It is no longer supported by IBM.
### BladeCenter Advanced Management Module (BCAMM) {#bladecenter_advanced_management_module_bcamm}
This is a hardware refresh of the management module for the IBM BladeCenter. The PS/2 ports for keyboard and mouse were replaced with two USB ports. The BCAMM is currently under active development and its firmware offers more capabilities than the original BCMM.
### Advanced Systems Management Processor (ASMP) {#advanced_systems_management_processor_asmp}
This is an integrated Service Processor on select IBM Intel-based servers. It was succeeded by the ISMP. Out-of-band management is possible using a serial port (shared with the OS), or by adding the Advanced Systems Management Adapter (ASMA).
These servers have ASMP functionality:
- IBM Netfinity 4500R
- IBM Netfinity 5000, 5100, 5500, 5600
- IBM Netfinity 6000R
- IBM Netfinity 7100, 7600
- IBM xSeries 130 (8654), 135 (8654), 150
- IBM xSeries 230, 240, 250
- IBM xSeries 330, 340, 350
### Integrated Systems Management Processor (ISMP) {#integrated_systems_management_processor_ismp}
This is an integrated Service Processor on select IBM Intel-based servers. It was succeeded by the BMC (Baseboard Management Controller). Out-of-band management is possible by adding the RSA or RSA II.
These servers have ISMP functionality:
- IBM xSeries 232, 235, 236, 255
- IBM xSeries 335, 342, 345
### Baseboard Management Controller (BMC) {#baseboard_management_controller_bmc}
On many legacy IBM Intel-based servers the BMC is standard with the RSA II or RSA II Slimline as an Option device.
### Integrated Management Module (IMM) {#integrated_management_module_imm}
The IBM Integrated Management Module (IMM) is the next generation of System Management devices for UEFI based servers and comprises features and functionality of the legacy Baseboard Management Controller (BMC), Remote Supervisor Adapter II (RSA II) while incorporating the Super I/O controller and Video controller.
The IMM interfaces with the server\'s UEFI System firmware (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) to provide system management monitoring and functionality.
Although some issues known to both the RSA II and BMC may have been migrated to the early IMM generations (in addition to the IMM\'s own unique issues), most of these issues have been resolved while adding some of greatly improved features and Administrator / User experience over the BMC and RSA II predecessors.
For example:
- Advanced Predictive Failure Analysis (PFA)
- Configurable IMM Dedicated or Shared Ethernet connection
- Virtual Light Path Diagnostic
- Email alerts
- Remote Firmware updating
- Remote Power control, Remote Console / control of both hardware and Operating System
- OS failure screen shot capture
- Remote Mounting of Virtual Devices such as CD/DVD drive, USB Flash Drives, ISO / Disk images and Diskette drive
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,534 |
Skagit River Hydroelectric Project
|
The **Skagit River Hydroelectric Project** is a series of dams with hydroelectric power-generating stations on the Skagit River in the north of the U.S. state of Washington. The project is owned and operated by Seattle City Light to provide electric power for the City of Seattle and surrounding communities.
In 2012, hydro-electric dams provided approximately 89.8 percent of the electricity used in Seattle. The Skagit Hydroelectric Project alone accounts for about 20 percent of Seattle City Light\'s electricity.
## History
In 1917, James Delmage Ross, superintendent of lighting for Seattle, obtained approval from the Department of Agriculture to build dams on the Skagit River. The city council approved \$1.5 million in bonds for construction and appointed Carl F. Uhden as the project superintendent. The construction camp was set up at the mouth of Newhalem Creek, giving the unincorporated community its name.
Uhden hired contractors to build a 25-mile rail line to Gorge Creek, allowing Seattle City Light to control access to the area. After the railroad reached the site above Newhalem, a two-mile tunnel was dug between the dam and the powerhouse. Work was frequently delayed by floods, mudslides, and avalanches. The schedule was further delayed by workers leaving to hunt for gold, labor troubles, a forest fire, and a shortage of electricity. Although Ross had estimated that the Skagit River operation would provide electricity to Seattle by 1921, those various delays pushed the date to 1924.`{{r|wilma}}`{=mediawiki}
The Gorge Dam generators were formally started by President Calvin Coolidge on September 17, 1924.`{{r|wilma}}`{=mediawiki}
In August 2021 Seattle City Light announced that it will undertake a study of the possibility of removing one or more of the Skagit dams for environmental reasons.
The dams were threatened by the Sourdough Fire in August 2023, which prompted the evacuation of City Light facilities in the area and reduction in output for the dams.
## Dams
The three major dams in the Skagit River Project are (from lower to upper) Gorge Dam, Diablo Dam, and Ross Dam. The dams are located in Whatcom County above the town of Newhalem, which lies just west of North Cascades National Park. Ross Lake, formed by Ross Dam extends into British Columbia, which is 20 miles upriver from the dam. Ross Lake National Recreation Area surrounds the lake.
Construction of Gorge Dam began in 1921 and the first power was delivered to Seattle in 1924. The cost of the dam was \$13 million (\$153,339,181 in 2006 dollars). In 1961 a new Gorge High Dam was completed (300 ft) to replace the original Gorge Dam. This dam was featured in Alan Pakula\'s 1974 thriller *The Parallax View*, starring Warren Beatty.
Construction of Diablo Dam was begun in 1927, five miles upstream from Gorge Dam. Diablo Dam was completed in 1930, and at that time was the tallest dam in the world at 389 ft until Owyhee Dam was built. Although the dam was complete, financial problems due to the Great Depression delayed building the powerhouse, so the dam produced no electricity for Seattle until 1936.`{{r|wilma|page=46}}`{=mediawiki}
Construction of Ruby Dam at the Rip Raps below Ruby Creek began in 1937. This dam was renamed Ross Dam after the death of James Delmage Ross (1872--1939), the superintendent of the Skagit River Project. Construction of Ross Dam was to take place in three stages and the first stage was completed in 1940. The second stage was completed in 1953 when the dam was built to its current height of 540 ft. Seattle City Light ultimately decided not to pursue the final design height of 665 Feet (203 m) due to controversy surrounding the flooding of lands in Canada. This was put to rest when the United States and Canada formally concluded negotiations that resulted in the High Ross Treaty signed in 1984.
All three dams are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The total cost of the Skagit River Hydroelectric Project was \$250 million over 50 years.`{{r|wilma|page=47}}`{=mediawiki}
## Hydroelectric power capacity {#hydroelectric_power_capacity}
Dam Power (MW) Location
----------- ------------ ----------
Gorge 199.2
Diablo 159.3
Ross 352.6
**Total** **711.1**
:
## Tourism
From 1928 until the start of World War II, City Light offered guided tours of the Skagit Project. From Rockport, visitors rode City Light\'s steam locomotive 23 miles to Newhalem. Dormitories were provided, as were meals in The Gorge Inn. The next day, visitors boarded another train to Diablo, where they toured the powerhouse and rode an incline lift to the top of the dam. Next, they rode a barge or tour boat to Ruby Creek, then returned to Rockport. Over 100,000 people visited the Skagit Project by 1941. After the war, shortened tours resumed.`{{r|wilma|page=44}}`{=mediawiki}
Current tours sponsored by City Light include a boat tour, a walking tour, and a combination walking-and-van tour.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,535 |
William Windham (of Earsham, senior)
|
**William Windham** (c. 1674 -- 2 April 1730), of Earsham, Norfolk, was a British Army officer, landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1722 to 1730. thumb\|Felbrigg Hall Windham was the second son of William Windham, of Felbrigg Hall (died 1689) and his wife Catherine Ashe, daughter of Sir Joseph Ashe, 1st Baronet, MP, merchant of Twickenham. He was educated at Eton College in about 1685.
Windham entered the army and was a Cornet in the 6th Dragoon Guards in 1698 and Captain in 1702, serving under the Duke of Marlborough. At the Battle of Blenheim in 1704, he lost a leg. In September 1705, he married Anne Tyrrell, daughter of Sir Charles Tyrrell, 2nd Baronet. He became a lieutenant-colonel in 1706 and by 1712 he was in the reserve. In 1720, he bought an estate at Earsham, including Earsham Hall out of the profits he made from the South Sea bubble. thumb\|Earsham Hall At the 1722 British general election, Windham was returned as Member of Parliament for Sudbury. He obtained a place as Lieutenant-governor of Chelsea Hospital in 1726 and his salary was increased from £200 to £400 \'in view of his sufferings in the service\'. At the 1727 British general election he transferred to Aldeburgh where he was returned as MP on the Treasury interest.
Windham died on 22 April 1730, leaving two sons William, MP, and John, later John Windham-Bowyer, and a daughter Catharine, who eloped with the son of the Apothecary in Bungay. There are family memorials in All Saints Church, Earsham.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,546 |
Claude Williamson
|
**Claude Berkeley Williamson** (November 18, 1926 -- July 16, 2016) was an American jazz pianist.
Williamson was born in Brattleboro, Vermont, United States. He studied at the New England Conservatory of Music before moving to jazz, influenced mainly by Teddy Wilson, then by Al Haig and Bud Powell. In 1947, he moved to California, working first with Teddy Edwards, then with Red Norvo in San Francisco, with Charlie Barnet in 1949, and with June Christy for two years. Later he worked with Max Roach, Art Pepper and others. Williamson was a longtime member of the Lighthouse All-Stars (substituting for pianist Russ Freeman), performing with Bud Shank, Stan Levey, Bob Cooper, Conte Candoli and Howard Rumsey. In 1956, he became the piano player in the Bud Shank quartet. In 1968, he started working as a pianist for NBC, first on *The Andy Williams Show*, then for Sonny and Cher. In 1978, Williamson went back to the jazz world and released many albums, mainly for Japanese labels, often accompanied by Sam Jones and Roy Haynes. In 1995 he made a trio recording for Fresh Sound Records at the Jazz Bakery in Los Angeles.
His younger brother was trumpeter Stu Williamson (1933--1991).
He died on July 16, 2016, at the age of 89.
## Discography
- 195t *Kenton Jazz Presents: Claude Williamson Trio - Key West*
- 1956 *\'Round Midnight* (Bethlehem)
- 1956 *Claude Williamson* (Bethlehem) (re-released under title *Have Piano Can\'t Travel* by Starday-King Records)
- 1956 *Trio/Round Midnight* (Bethlehem Jap) (two Lp\'s reissued in this CD in 2005)
- 1958 *Claude Williamson Mulls the Mulligan Scene With His Twin Jazz Pianos And Trio* (Criterion)
- 1958 *In Italy* (Broadway International)
- 1961 *The Fabulous Claude Williamson Trio* (Contract Recs)
- 1962 *Theatre Party Attended By The C W Quartet* (Contract Recs)
- 1977 *Stella by Starlight* (Interplay Jap)
- 1977 *Holography* (Interplay)
- 1978 *Blues in Front* (Storyville)
- 1979 *La Fiesta*
- 1978 *New Departure* (Interplay)
- 1981 *Tribute to Bud* (Eastworld)
- 1983 *Claude Reigns* (Interplay)
- 1987 *Live! \"The Sermon\"* (Fresh Sound)
- 1988 *Standards* (Interplay)
- 1990 *Memories of West Coast* (Interplay)
- 1990 *Standards, Vol. 2* (Interplay)
- 1991 *As Time Goes By* (Interplay)
- 1992 *South of the Border, West of the Sun* (Venus)
- 1994 *El Noche De Espana* (Interplay)
- 1994 *Live In Tokyo* (Interplay)
- 1995 *Autumn In New York* (Interplay)
- 1995 *Hallucinations* (VSOP)
- 1995 *Live at the Jazz Bakery* (Fresh Sound)
- 2001 *Collaboration 93* (Interplay)
- 2002 *Song for My Father* (Venus)
- 2006 *Blue Minor* (Pony Canyon)
- 2006 *Claude Williamson Trio* (EMI)
- 2008 *Cleopatra\'s Dream* (M&I)
**With Chet Baker**
- *Witch Doctor* (Contemporary, 1953 \[1985\])
- *Theme Music from \"The James Dean Story\"* (World Pacific, 1956)
**With Maynard Ferguson**
- *Jam Session featuring Maynard Ferguson* (EmArcy, 1954)
**With Conte Candoli**
- *Sincerely Conti*
(Bethlehem Records, 1956)
**With Stan Kenton**
- *Stan Kenton Conducts the Los Angeles Neophonic Orchestra* (Capitol, 1965)
**With Barney Kessel**
- *Kessel Plays Standards* (Contemporary, 1954)
- *Music to Listen to Barney Kessel By* (Contemporary, 1956)
**With Spokes Mashiyane**
- *Kwela Claude* (Trutone Records/Quality, 1958)
**With Gerry Mulligan and Johnny Hodges**
- *Gerry Mulligan Meets Johnny Hodges* (Verve, 1959)
**With Art Pepper**
- *Surf Ride* (Savoy, 1952--1954 \[1956\])
**With Dizzy Reece and Ted Curson**
- *Blowin\' Away* (Interplay, 1978)
**With Pete Rugolo**
- *Introducing Pete Rugolo* (Columbia, 1954)
- *Adventures in Rhythm* (Columbia, 1954)
- *Rugolomania* (Columbia, 1955)
- *New Sounds by Pete Rugolo* (Harmony, 1954--55, \[1957\])
- *An Adventure in Sound: Brass in Hi-Fi* (Mercury, 1956 \[1958\])
- *Rugolo Plays Kenton* (EmArcy, 1958)
- *10 Trombones Like 2 Pianos* (Mercury, 1960)
**With Bud Shank**
- *Strings & Trombones* (Pacific Jazz, 1954--55)
- *Jazz at Cal-Tech* (Pacific Jazz, 1956) with Bob Cooper
- *The Bud Shank Quartet* (Pacific Jazz, 1956)
- *Bud Shank Quartet Featuring Claude Williamson* (Pacific Jazz, 1956)
- *Bud Shank Plays Tenor* (Pacific Jazz, 1957 \[1960\])
- *Blowin\' Country* (World Pacific, 1958)
- *I\'ll Take Romance* (World Pacific, 1958)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,550 |
Tahúres Zurdos
|
**Tahúres Zurdos** was a Spanish band active from 1987 to 2004. It consisted of Aurora Beltrán Gila (vocals), Manuel Beltrán Gila (guitar), Luis Salcedo (bass, until 1990), Juan Manuel Ugarte (bass, from 1990), and Javier Lizarazu (drums).
## Discography
- *Tahúres zurdos* (1988)
- *Tahuría* (1990)
- *Nieve negra* (1991)
- *Árido* (1992)
- *La caza* (1994)
- *Azul* (1996)
- *Tak* (1998)
- *El tiempo de la luz* (2000)
- *17 Años* (2004)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,562 |
Liverpool Broadgreen (UK Parliament constituency)
|
**Liverpool Broadgreen** was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Broadgreen suburb of Liverpool. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
The constituency was created for the 1983 general election, and abolished for the 1997 general election. When the seat was first contested, it was estimated by the BBC and ITN that had it been fought at the previous election in 1979 it would have returned a Conservative MP with majority of 565. However, despite the Conservatives winning the 1983 general election with a landslide majority and Labour\'s support falling for its 1979 level, Labour won Broadgreen with a majority of 3,800. Labour would go on to win the seat at every election when it was contested.
## Boundaries
The City of Liverpool wards of Broadgreen, Childwall, Kensington, Old Swan, and Tuebrook.
## Members of Parliament {#members_of_parliament}
Election Member
---------- -------- --------------------------
1983 Terry Fields
*1991*
1992 Jane Kennedy
1997 *constituency abolished*
## Elections
### Elections in the 1980s {#elections_in_the_1980s}
- Both Crawshaw and Pine were official candidates of their respective local parties and both supported the Alliance between the Liberals and the SDP, however Crawshaw was given endorsement by both national parties.
### Elections in the 1990s {#elections_in_the_1990s}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,563 |
Vuntut Gwitchin (electoral district)
|
**Vuntut Gwitchin** is an electoral district which returns a member (known as an MLA) to the Legislative Assembly of Yukon in Canada. It is one of the Yukon\'s eight rural seats. The electoral district was known as Old Crow, named after the community it encompasses, before 1992. In the 1974 election
and the 1970 election,
the riding was part of Ogilvie
and Dawson, respectively.
It is the least populated electoral district in any provincial or territorial legislature in Canada, with fewer than 200 total ballots cast in any territorial election to date. In two elections since the district\'s creation, in 1996 and 2021, two candidates finished in an exact tie; under Yukon election law, a tied vote is settled by drawing lots rather than by reconducting a full by-election.
## Members of the Legislative Assembly {#members_of_the_legislative_assembly}
## Election results {#election_results}
### 2021
As both candidates each received 78 votes, it resulted in a tie. A judicial recount took place and there remained a tie vote, therefore a random draw determined that Annie Blake would fill the seat.
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|NDP \|**Annie Blake** \|align=\"right\"\| 78 \|align=\"right\"\| 50.0% \|align=\"right\"\| +48.0%
\| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|Pauline Frost \|align=\"right\"\| 78 \|align=\"right\"\| 50.0% \|align=\"right\"\| -1.3% \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\| **156** !align=\"right\"\| **100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 2016 {#section_1}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|**Pauline Frost** \|align=\"right\"\| 77 \|align=\"right\"\| 51.3% \|align=\"right\"\| -12.8% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |Darius Elias| 70 | 46.7% |+10.8%}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|Skeeter Miller-Wright \|align=\"right\"\| 3 \|align=\"right\"\| 2.0% \|align=\"right\"\| +2.0% \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\| **150** !align=\"right\"\| **100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 2011 {#section_2}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|**Darius Elias** \|align=\"right\"\| 93 \|align=\"right\"\| 64.1% \|align=\"right\"\|+18.1% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |Garry Njootli | 52 | 35.9% |+9.9%}}`{=mediawiki} \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\| **145** !align=\"right\"\| **100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 2006 {#section_3}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|**Darius Elias** \|align=\"right\"\|65 \|align=\"right\"\|45.8% \|align=\"right\"\|+22.0% `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|Lorraine Peter \|align=\"right\"\|40 \|align=\"right\"\|28.2% \|align=\"right\"\|-19.3% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |William Josie |37 |26.0% |-2.7%}}`{=mediawiki} \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**142** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 2002 {#section_4}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|**Lorraine Peter** \|align=\"right\"\|68 \|align=\"right\"\|47.5% \|align=\"right\"\|+9.8% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |Randall Tetlichi |41 |28.7% |-0.3%}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|Joe Tetlichi \|align=\"right\"\|34 \|align=\"right\"\|23.8% \|align=\"right\"\|-9.5% \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**143** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 2000 {#section_5}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|**Lorraine Netro** \|align=\"right\"\|69 \|align=\"right\"\|37.7% \|align=\"right\"\|-17.3% `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|Esau Schafer \|align=\"right\"\|61 \|align=\"right\"\|33.3% \|align=\"right\"\| +33.3% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |[[Kathie Nukon]] |53 |29.0% |-16.0%}}`{=mediawiki} \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**183** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
### 1997 by-election {#by_election}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|**Robert Bruce** \|align=\"right\"\|88 \|align=\"right\"\|55.0% \|align=\"right\"\|+13.2% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |[[Esau Schafer]] |72 |45.0% |+3.2%}}`{=mediawiki} \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**160** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
- Held after a challenge of the 1996 results.
### 1996 {#section_6}
\|- `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|**Robert Bruce** \|align=\"right\"\|69 \|align=\"right\"\|41.8% \|align=\"right\"\|-2.4% `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |[[Esau Schafer]] |69 |41.8% |-14.0%}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Canadian party colour|YT|Liberal|row}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"width: 130px\" \|Liberal \|Shirlee Frost \|align=\"right\"\|27 \|align=\"right\"\|16.4% \|align=\"right\"\| +16.4% \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**165** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
- Because of the tie vote, Robert Bruce was declared elected after his name was drawn from a hat.
### 1996 by-election {#by_election_1}
\|- `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon |'''[[Esau Schafer]]''' |87 |55.8% |-7.4%}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Canadian party colour|YT|NDP|row}}`{=mediawiki} \|NDP \|Randall Tetlichi \|align=\"right\"\|69 \|align=\"right\"\|44.2% \|align=\"right\"\| +44.2% \|- bgcolor=\"white\" !align=\"left\" colspan=3\|Total !align=\"right\"\|**156** !align=\"right\"\|**100.0%** !align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
- Held on the death of Johnny Abel, 1995.
### 1992 {#section_7}
\|- `{{CANelec |YT |Yukon | '''[[Johnny Abel]]''' |96 |63.2% |–}}`{=mediawiki}
\| Liberal \| Grafton Njootli \| align=\"right\"\| 56 \| align=\"right\"\| 36.8% \| align=\"right\"\| -- \|- ! align=left colspan=3 \|Total ! align=\"right\"\| **152** ! align=\"right\"\| **100.0%** ! align=\"right\"\| **--** `{{End}}`{=mediawiki}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,567 |
Doble Opuesto
|
***Doble Opuesto*** (Spanish: \"Double Opposite\") is the second album of the Chilean rock band La Ley and the first commercially successful one after their debut album, *Desiertos*, failed to sell. The album was released in October 1991 under the production of Jorge Melibosky. Band members for this record were Andrés Bobe (guitars), Mauricio Clavería (drums), Alberto Cuevas (vocals) and Luciano Rojas (bass). Bobe provides vocals for the song \"En Lugares\".
The disc includes hits like \"Doble Opuesto\", \"Desiertos\", \"Prisioneros de la Piel\" and a cover of The Rolling Stones\' #1 single \"Angie\".
## Track listing {#track_listing}
## Personnel
- Andrés Bobe -- guitar, keyboards
- Mauricio Clavería -- drums
- Alberto \"Beto\" Cuevas -- vocals
- Luciano Rojas -- bass
- Jorge Melibosky -- producer
- Shia Arbulu -- credits on track 7
- Ivan Delgado -- credits on Tracks 3,4,5,10
- Rodrigo Aboitiz - credits on Tracks 4,5,6,10
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,618 |
UH Racing
|
UH Racing is a Formula Student team run by students attending the University of Hertfordshire, ranked 8th EV team in the UK and 120th EV team in the world as of the 17th December 2023. UH Racing\'s peak international ranking was 7th, achieved in 2010.
The team entered the inaugural Formula Student competition hosted in the United Kingdom in 1998, at the MIRA proving ground.
The team has entered at least one vehicle in every subsequent Formula Student UK competition, with the exception of 2021. Additionally, UH Racing has travelled abroad to enter other Formula Student events, such as Formula Student Germany, Formula Student Italy, and Formula Student Netherlands.
UH Racing has often been at the forefront of FS innovation, being the first UK team to compete with an electric vehicle with UH12A in 2009. In 2020, the decision to return to electric powertrain was made, and the team is now exclusively EV.
## UH Racing at Formula Student UK {#uh_racing_at_formula_student_uk}
Year Location Chassis Static Events
---------- ---------------- --------- --------------- -------------- ---------
Cost Business Design LTS\* Acceleration Skidpad
1998 MIRA UH1 \- \- \-
1999 NEC Birmingham UH2 \- \- \-
2000 NEC Birmingham UH3 \- \- \-
2001 NEC Birmingham UH4 21st 14th 14th
2002 Bruntingthorpe UH5 6th 10th 6th
2003 Bruntingthorpe UH6 17th 6th 17th
2004 Bruntingthorpe UH7 41st 7th 28th
2005 Bruntingthorpe UH8 16th 21st 8th
2006 Bruntingthorpe UH9 4th 19th 18th
2007 Silverstone UH08H \- \- \-
2007 Silverstone UH10 21st 39th 14th
2008 Silverstone UHH2 \- \- \-
2008 Silverstone UH11 3rd 57th 7th
2009 Silverstone UH12 58th 26th 16th
2009 Silverstone UH12A \- \- \-
2010 Silverstone UH13 16th 44th 16th
2010 Silverstone UH13A N/A 1st 4th
2011 Silverstone UH14 13th 1st 7th
2012 Silverstone UH15 23rd 8th 2nd
2013 Silverstone UH16 3rd 42nd 10th
2014 Silverstone UH17 32nd 38th 28th
2015 Silverstone UH18 6th 46th 7th
2016 Silverstone UH19 11th 12th 23rd
2017 Silverstone UH20 12th 11th 1st
2018 Silverstone UH21 11th 49th 7th
2019 Silverstone UH22 13th 14th 7th
2020\*\* Silverstone UH23 \- \- \-
2022 Silverstone UH25 5th 6th 10th
2023 Silverstone UH26 24th 24th 13th
2024 Silverstone UH27 29th 3rd 18th
: UH Racing Entries at FSUK
Data has been filled in where available, but several values are still missing.
\*the Lap Time Simulation (LTS) event was first included in the FSUK competition in 2022.
\*\*in 2020, Formula Student UK\'s competition format was changed temporarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic. UH Racing chose to continue the development of their vehicle into 2021, intending to compete with UH23 at FSUK 2021. Unfortunately, further delays associated with the pandemic meant the car was not ready to enter, and further development continued into 2022.
UH Racing has finished in the top three at Formula Student UK a total of three times, according to the [IMechE website](https://imeche.org/events/formula-student/previous-events).
## UH Racing at international competitions {#uh_racing_at_international_competitions}
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2001 UH4 562 5th
: UH Racing at FS Australia
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2006 UH9 601 23rd
: UH Racing at FSAE Michigan
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2008 UH11 835 5th
2009 UH12 814 2nd
2010 UH13 411 32nd
2011 UH14 686 7th
2012 UH15 825 6th
2013 UH16 736 10th
2014 UH17 141 64th
2015 UH18 630 7th
2016 UH19 565 14th
2017 UH20 369 27th
: UH Racing at FS Germany
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2017 UH20 836 2nd
2018 UH21 378 11th
: UH Racing at FS Czech Republic
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2019 UH22 626 5th
: UH Racing at FS Netherlands
Year Chassis Points Position
------ --------- -------- ----------
2019 UH22 513 12th
2022 UH25 250 14th
: UH Racing at FS Italy
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,623 |
Wolrad Eberle
|
**Wolrad Eberle** (4 May 1908, Freiburg -- 13 May 1949, Cologne) was a German decathlete.
He won the bronze medal at the 1932 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles, California. He won a silver medal at World Student Games in 1933.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,625 |
Kirklee railway station
|
**Kirklee railway station** was a railway station serving the Kelvinside area in the West End of Glasgow, Scotland.
## History
The station was opened on 10 August 1896 by the Glasgow Central Railway. Also known as **Kirklee for North Kelvinside**, it was closed between 1 January 1917 and 2 March 1919 2 June 1919 and closed permanently to passengers on 1 May 1939, with the line being closed on 5 October 1964.
The station building was designed by famous architect Sir J.J. Burnet who earned his knighthood on the basis of his design for the extension of the British Museum. The construction of the station was controversial in the 1890s as it destroyed a local beauty spot known as the *Peartree Well*. Little is known of the station\'s use after closure but a photo taken in 1959 appears to show it in use a private house. The station buildings were demolished in 1971 having fallen into disrepair.
The bulk of the station site is now occupied by blocks of apartments, however the platforms partially remain in place to the south, beyond the supports for a bridge which has since been removed, and just before a long tunnel leading to Botanic Gardens railway station. A telegraph pole dating from the line\'s operation is still present just before the mouth of the tunnel.
The station has been fenced in on both sides in 2017.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,636 |
Brutus Hamilton
|
**Brutus Kerr Hamilton** (July 19, 1900 -- December 28, 1970) was an American track and field athlete, coach and athletics administrator.
## Biography
Hamilton was born in Peculiar, Missouri, and grew up on a farm next door to the Harry S. Truman family farm. In the Missouri State High School championship meet in 1918, he won the high jump, pole vault, broad jump, and shot put. After that, he went on to the University of Missouri, where he won the U.S. decathlon and pentathlon championships in 1920. This qualified him for the U.S. Olympic team. At the 1920 Summer Olympics he won the silver medal in the decathlon, losing to the Norwegian Helge Løvland by only four points, and finished sixth in the pentathlon. He placed seventh in the pentathlon at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
Besides athletics Hamilton was a second-string end on the 1921 Walter Camp All-American football team, and in 1923 he played on the Kansas City Athletic Club basketball team that won the National AAU Championship.
After the 1924 Olympics, Hamilton coached track and field at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, where he also instructed students in English and history. At Westminster, his teams won their conference championships from 1926 to 1929. In 1930, Hamilton moved to the University of Kansas, where his team won the Big Six title in 1930 and 1931 and came in second in 1932. At Kansas he coached the miler Glenn Cunningham and the decathlon world record holder Jim Bausch. In the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles, Hamilton was the U.S. decathlon coach; Bausch won the gold medal.
Following the 1932 Olympics, Hamilton became coach of the track and field team at the University of California in Berkeley. He coached at Cal from then until his retirement in 1965, with time off to serve as a major in the U.S. Air Intelligence in England during World War II. He was athletic director at Berkeley from 1946 to 1955, during which time he recruited both Lynn (Pappy) Waldorf and Pete Newell, two of Cal\'s greatest coaches; he was an assistant dean of students; and he chaired the NCAA Track and Field Rules Committee for 10 years.
At Cal, Hamilton coached many athletes of great ability, among them Archie Williams, Hal Davis, Grover Klemmer, Guinn Smith, Jack Yerman, Jerry Siebert, Leamon King, Don Bowden (the first American to break the 4-minute mile barrier), Lon Spurrier, Willie White, Dave Archibald, Forrest Beaty, and Dave Maggard. Maggard eventually replaced him in both positions at Cal. In 1936, when he was for a second time the U.S. decathlon coach, his athletes swept the event and Archie Willams took the gold medal in the 400 meters. In 1952, Hamilton coached the U.S. Olympic track and field team in Helsinki;
He was the U.S. track and field coach for the 1953 Maccabiah Games in Israel. In 1965, he coached the U.S. team in the USA-USSR meet.
Brutus was also a writer and poet, and a collection of his letters was published in 1975.
Brutus Hamilton died in Berkeley, California, on December 28, 1970. In 1974 he was inducted into the National Track and Field Hall of Fame. Earlier in 1950 he was selected as Missouri's Greatest Amateur Athlete. In 1998, the annual Cal Bears track meet was renamed the Brutus Hamilton Memorial Invitational.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,644 |
Agios Dimitrios Piliou
|
**Agios Dimitrios Piliou** (*Άγιος Δημήτριος Πηλίου*) is a village and a community in the municipality of Zagora-Mouresi, in the eastern part of Magnesia, Greece. The community includes the village of Agios Ioannis.
Agios Dimitrios is located on the eastern slope of the densely forested Pelion mountains, at about 170 meters elevation. It is 1 km southwest of the village Agios Ioannis, which is on the Aegean Sea coast. It is 1.5 km southeast of Anilio, 2 km northwest of Mouresi, 5 km southeast of Zagora and 19 km east of the city of Volos (Magnesia\'s capital).
## Population
Year Village population Community population
------ -------------------- ----------------------
1981 348 \-
1991 442 \-
2001 268 508
2011 243 422
2021 181 251
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,645 |
Ignace Heinrich
|
**Ignace Heinrich** (31 July 1925 -- 9 January 2003) was a French athlete who competed mainly in the decathlon. He was born in Ebersheim, Bas-Rhin, Alsace.
He competed for France in the decathlon at the 1948 Summer Olympics held in London, Great Britain, winning a silver medal. He died in Carnoux-en-Provence.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,650 |
Furzebrook Railway
|
The **Furzebrook Railway**, also known as the **Pike Brothers\' Tramway**, was a narrow gauge industrial railway on the Isle of Purbeck in the English county of Dorset. It was built by the Pike Brothers, to take Purbeck Ball Clay from their clay pits near Furzebrook and West Creech to a wharf at Ridge on the River Frome.
## History
Clay Merchant Joseph Pike created his firm around 1760 in Chudleigh in Devon, but it was his son William Pike (born 1762) who started a branch of the firm in Purbeck. He signed a contract with Wedgwood in 1791. Originally the output was taken by horse to Wareham, from where it was taken by barge on the River Frome to Poole Harbour. William\'s sons (William Joseph and John William) took over the business and formed the company as Pike Bros. Wedgwood\'s success increased demand so much that the horses struggled to keep pace.
The nearest competitor, Benjamin Fayle at nearby Norden, had built Dorset\'s first railway -- the Middlebere Plateway -- to take his clay to the south shore of Poole Harbour in 1806. Around 1840 the Pike Brothers William Joseph and John William followed suit by building the Furzebrook Railway to Ridge, about half a mile downstream from Wareham. The line was engineered with a continual downhill gradient, and loaded clay wagons were run by gravity, with the empty wagons being hauled back by horses. To facilitate this, some wagons were equipped with sledge brakes acting directly on the rail. The gauge of the railway as built is believed to be around `{{RailGauge|4ft}}`{=mediawiki}.
William Joseph Pike met with George Stephenson in Birmingham and became convinced that way forward lay in the excellent economics of steam railways. In 1865 the Pike Brothers purchased the first steam locomotive (Primus) and by this date the gauge had been narrowed to `{{RailGauge|2ft8in}}`{=mediawiki}. By this time, the original workings at the \"Blue Pool\" in Furzebrook were worked out, and the railway was diverted to the west at its upper end, and extended with several branches serving clay pits at Povington, Cotness, Greenspecks and Creech Grange.
When it opened in 1885, the London and South Western Railway standard gauge line from Wareham to Swanage simply passed over the Furzebrook Railway, with no connection. However, in 1902, interchange sidings were constructed at Furzebrook to allow clay to be shipped out by main line rail. A new locomotive shed and workshops were built at the interchange point.
Even after steam locomotives were introduced, gravity propulsion was not entirely abandoned. Up to the Second World War, a well known sight was a single wagon train carrying clay pit workers back to their homes in Ridge in this way. The line terminated at the Swanage Railway branch, with the line to Ridge being removed by the military. In 1955 road transport started to be used to transport the clay, and the last use of the Furzebrook Railway was in 1957.
## Locomotives
The locomotives used by the railway include:
Name Builder Type Date Works number Notes
------------ ----------------------- ------ ------ -------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Primus* Belliss and Seeking 1866 Converted to a stationary winding engine by 1888.
*Secundus* G. E. Belliss and Co. 1874 In use until 1955, and then displayed in the now defunct Birmingham Museum of Science and Industry until 2000. Is now displayed in the Swanage Railway museum at Corfe Castle station.
*Tertius* Manning Wardle 1886 999 In 1951 the boiler from Fayle\'s Tramway engine *Tiny* was fitted, giving this engine a top heavy look as the firebox was too wide to fit through the frames.
*Quartus* Fowler 1889 Scrapped in 1934.
*Quintus* Manning Wardle 1914 1854 In use until 1956, scrapped in 1958. Nameplate is preserved in NGRM
*Sextus* Peckett 1925 1692 In use until 1956, scrapped in 1958.
*Septimus* Peckett 1930 1808 Purchased for the proposed North Somerset Light Railway in 1955 but never used. Scrapped in 1962.
Simplex Diesel locomotive obtained second hand in 1951.
## Remains
The line\'s engine shed at Ridge still exists, and is a listed building. The route of the line from Ridge to Furzebrook can be traced on the ground and on maps. As noted above, the steam locomotive *Secundus* has survived.
A weighbridge building of similar design to the Ridge engine shed also survives at Furzebrook Works, adjacent to the former Furzebrook Road level crossing.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,659 |
Marian MacDowell
|
**Marian MacDowell** (maiden name **Marian Griswold Nevins**) (November 22, 1858 -- August 24, 1956) was an American pianist and philanthropist. In 1907, she and her husband Edward MacDowell founded the MacDowell Colony for artists in Peterborough, New Hampshire. Her leadership of the artist retreat through two world wars, the Great Depression and other challenges created one of the foremost cultural institutions in the United States, which cultivated the work of generations of musicians, writers, poets, sculptors, and visual artists.
## Life and education {#life_and_education}
Marian Griswold Nevins was born in New York City, the third of five children born to David H. Nevins, a Wall Street banker, and his wife, Cornelia L. Perkins. When she was eight, her mother died in childbirth. Her aunt Caroline Perkins of South Carolina was a talented musician who came to New York to teach piano. She recognized her niece\'s gifts and encouraged them. As Marian grew older, she realized that she needed to study in Europe, a basis for being taken seriously as a performer or artist at the time. With a chaperone, she left for Frankfurt in 1880 intending to study with Clara Schumann at the Hoch Conservatory. Finding that Clara Schumann was away, Nevins asked for advice in getting another teacher and was referred to Edward MacDowell, a young American composer. After working together for several years, they decided to marry on July 24, 1884. They had one child who was stillborn. From the beginning Marian had great faith in her husband\'s talent and wanted him to devote himself to composing.
## Family and career {#family_and_career}
During their life together, Marian MacDowell realized that quietness and tranquility of the rural settings would positively affect her husband\'s work. In 1896, she bought Hillcrest, a farm in Peterborough, New Hampshire, for their summer residence. Marian MacDowell had a log studio built in the woods where Edward MacDowell composed. He appreciated the place, which was visited by their artistic friends. The MacDowells realized that artists can be stimulated by interacting with people from other disciplines, and they developed plans of creating a place where artists could come, live and interact together.
In 1904, Edward MacDowell began to show evidence of a nervous disorder with bouts of dementia that ended his composing and teaching career. He lost virtually all mental capacity. Marian cared for him to the end of his life in 1908, in his last years with the help of a nurse Anna Baetz, who later became known as the *nurse of Edward MacDowell*. After Edward\'s death, Anna Baetz stayed with Marian MacDowell for eighteen years helping with the MacDowell Colony.
In 1907, Marian MacDowell initiated her and Edward\'s plans for an artists\' colony, founding a residential institution in Peterborough, New Hampshire, where artists could live in residence and work. She conceived of ways to support both artists\' need for solitude and for interaction, and transferred the deed of property for Hillcrest Farm to the *Edward MacDowell Association*.
In the summer of 1907, the first artists were invited: Helen Mears, a sculptor, and her sister Mary Mears (1876-1943), a writer. The latter published an article about the colony in the July 1909 issue of *The Craftsman*, which gave it much needed publicity. The MacDowell Colony started to receive support from benefactors, such as Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge. In 1923, the *Pictorial Review* awarded Marian MacDowell \$5,000 Annual Achievement Award for \"the most valuable contribution to American life during the year.\" At that time, the MacDowell Colony had nineteen studios on 500 acres and 300 applications for residency. (In 1997, there were 32 studios to accommodate MacDowell fellows and residents.)
To raise funds, Marian MacDowell began lecturing to women\'s clubs and musical groups. Encouraged at one session, she resumed her performing career at the age of fifty, and became the foremost interpreter of Edward MacDowell\'s music. She shared her insights in *Random Notes on Edward MacDowell and his Music* (1950). During twenty-five years she performed more than 400 recitals in the United States and Canada raising money for the endowment of MacDowell Colony of Peterborough. Ernest Hutcheson thought of her and Amy Beach as \"remarkably good concert pianists\".
Marian MacDowell frequently performed concerts for women\'s musical clubs named after Edward MacDowell --- the *MacDowell clubs*. She inspired the formation of some of the MacDowell clubs and united ones that previously existed. These clubs, a total of 400 at the peak of their popularity, became to serve as significant donors to the MacDowell Colony and, in turn, brought the arts to their local communities. Marian MacDowell maintained close relationships with many of these clubs throughout her life, in addition to umbrella organizations such as the National Federation of Music Clubs and professional music sororities: Sigma Alpha Iota, Delta Omicron, Phi Beta, and Alpha Chi Omega. She said that women\'s groups raised far more money than did men\'s fraternities.
Marian MacDowell was traveling in the United States and Canada giving lectures and recitals until 1938. In 1947, she stepped down from executive directorship at the Edward MacDowell Association.
Marian MacDowell died on August 24, 1956, in Los Angeles, California.
## Legacy
Through her unceasing efforts to support both female and male artists in all disciplines, Marian MacDowell became a leading figure for the arts in the United States. The colony supported generations of artists in her lifetime, whose work expressed and contributed to American life. It continues to do so as around 250 artists-in-residence arrive there yearly to create and interact. In 1997, the MacDowell Colony received the National Medal of Arts in recognition of \"nurturing and inspiring many of this century\'s finest artists.\" It was counted in 1997 that, \"more 1,300 visual artists (besides lots of writers, composers, film makers and architects) have put in quality time at MacDowell, the country\'s oldest and largest cultural retreat.\" Among the nationally known artists who were MacDowell fellows are: composers Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein, and Amy Beach; printmakers Benny Andrews, Tomei Arai, Milton Avery, Cynthia Back, Robert Cottingham, Janet Fish, and Sandy Gellis; photographers Marion Belanger and Rosalind Solomon; poets Galway Kinnell, Kay Boyle and Edwin Arlington Robinson; novelists Willa Cather, James Baldwin, and Spalding Gray; and playwrights Thornton Wilder, Dorothy and DuBose Heyward, to name a few. Such American classics as Thornton Wilder\'s *Our Town*, Aaron Copland\'s ballet *Billy the Kid*, and Dorothy and DuBose Heyward\'s play *Porgy* are directly connected to the MacDowell Colony.
## Honors
Marian MacDowell was awarded honorary degrees from numerous academic, artistic and media institutions:
- 1930, University of New Hampshire, Durham
- 1938, New Jersey State College for Women, New Brunswick
- 1939, Middlebury College, Vermont
Other awards included:
- 1932, Annual Achievement Award, *Pictorial Review*
- 1940, The Charles Holmes Pettee Medal from the University of New Hampshire, Durham
- Henry Hadley Medal, National Association for American Composers and Conductors, for outstanding service to music
- At the age of 92, Marian MacDowell was honored by the National Institute of Arts and Letters for her distinguished service in the arts
- In 1997, the MacDowell Colony was awarded the National Medal of Arts
Papers of the Edward and Marian MacDowell Collection and the MacDowell Colony are held by the Library of Congress.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,661 |
Al-Ansar FC (Medina)
|
Ansar}} `{{Infobox football club
| clubname = Al-Ansar
| image = Al-Ansar FC logo.png
| image_size =
| fullname = Al-Ansar Football Club
| nickname =
| founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1966}}
| ground = [[Al-Ansar Club Stadium]]<br />[[Medina]], [[Saudi Arabia]]
| capacity = 5,000
| chairman = Abdulrahman Al-Jahani
| manager = [[Ayman El Seraj]]
| league = [[Saudi Second Division|Second Division]]
| season = [[2024-25 Saudi Second Division League|2024-25]]
| position = [[Saudi Second Division League|Saudi Second Division]], 16th of 16th (relegated)
| pattern_la1 = _redlines
| pattern_b1 = _thinwhitesides
| pattern_ra1 = _redlines
| pattern_so1 = _color_3_stripes_blue
| pattern_sh1 = _blue_stripes_adidas
| leftarm1 = FFFFFF
| body1 = FF8000
| rightarm1 = FFFFFF
| shorts1 = FF8000
| socks1 = FF8000
| pattern_la2 = _bolton1213h
| pattern_b2 = _bolton1213h
| pattern_ra2 = _bolton1213h
| pattern_sh2 = _bolton1213a
| pattern_so2 = _color_3_stripes_red
| leftarm2 = FFFFFF
| body2 = 1C39BB
| rightarm2 = FFFFFF
| shorts2 = FFFFFF
| socks2 = 000037
| pattern_la3 = _navylines
| pattern_b3 = _thinwhitesides
| pattern_ra3 = _navylines
| pattern_so3 = _color_3_stripes_black
| pattern_sh3 = _HSV_1213a
| leftarm3 = FFFFFF
| body3 = 000037
| rightarm3 = FFFFFF
| shorts3 = 000037
| socks3 = FFFFFF
}}`{=mediawiki}
**Al-Ansar Football Club** (*نادي الأنصار*) is a Saudi Arabian professional multi-sports club based in Medina that plays in the Saudi Second Division, the third tier of Saudi football. It was founded in 1953. The club play their home games at the Al-Ansar Club Stadium in Medina. Al-Ansar have a rivalry with city neighbors Ohod, and the two sides contest the *Medina derby*.
## Honours
- **Saudi First Division League**
- **Winners (2)**: 1985--86, 1999--2000
- Runners-up (4): 1995--96, 1997--98, 2003--04, 2010--11
## Personnel
### Current technical staff {#current_technical_staff}
Position Name
--------------------- -------------------
Manager Sherif El-Khashab
Technical Assistant Bandar Al Ahmadi
Assistant Manager
Fitness Coach
Goalkeeping Coach
Physiotherapist
## Current squad {#current_squad}
*As of Saudi Second Division:*\
`{{fs start|nonumber=|bg= FF8000|color= 000037|border=000037}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=1 |nat=EGY|name=[[Ahmad Hamdi (footballer)|Ahmad Hamdi]]|pos=GK}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=2 |nat=KSA|name=Saleh Al-Johani|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=5 |nat=KSA|name=Ali Al-Nakhli|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=6 |nat=KSA|name=Ahmed Sultan|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=7 |nat=KSA|name=Abdullah Mabrook|pos=FW}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=8 |nat=KSA|name=Hamed Al-Otaibi|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=9 |nat=KSA|name=Abdulaziz Al-Johani|pos=FW}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=10|nat=KSA|name=Ayman Al-Sahli|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=11|nat=KSA|name=Waleed Hawsawi|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=12|nat=KSA|name=Jawad Al-Muwallad|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=13|nat=KSA|name=Abdullah Al-Najem|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=15|nat=KSA|name=Assem Al-Hussaini|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=17|nat=KSA|name=Abdullah Al-Mehmadi|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{fs mid|nonumber=|bg= FF8000|color= 000037|border=000037}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=18|nat=KSA|name=Abdulrahman Al-Ameri|pos=FW}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=20|nat=KSA|name=Faiz Hawsawi|pos=FW}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=22|nat=KSA|name=Hamza Shehata|pos=GK}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=24|nat=KSA|name=Abdullah Baqqar|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=26|nat=KSA|name=Naif Al-Sobhi|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=27|nat=KSA|name=Mohammed Al-Shanqiti|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=29|nat=KSA|name=Hayal Al-Ghamdi|pos=MF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=47|nat=KSA|name=Jawad Al-Nakhli|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=66|nat=KSA|name=Imran Al-Johani|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=77|nat=KSA|name=Ammar Al-Diraihim|pos=GK}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=90|nat=KSA|name=Ali Al-Muwallad|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Fs player |no=99|nat=KSA|name=Mohammed Waleed|pos=DF}}`{=mediawiki} `{{fs end|nonumber=|bg= FF8000|color= 000037|border=000037}}`{=mediawiki}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,671 |
Placental insufficiency
|
**Placental insufficiency** or **utero-placental insufficiency** is the failure of the placenta to deliver sufficient nutrients to the fetus during pregnancy, and is often a result of insufficient blood flow to the placenta. The term is also sometimes used to designate late decelerations of fetal heart rate as measured by cardiotocography or an NST, even if there is no other evidence of reduced blood flow to the placenta, normal uterine blood flow rate being 600mL/min.
## Causes
The following characteristics of placentas have been said to be associated with placental insufficiency, however all of them occur in normal healthy placentas and full term healthy births, so none of them can be used to accurately diagnose placental insufficiency:
- Abnormally thin placenta (less than 1 cm)
- Circumvallate placenta (1% of normal placentas)
- Amnion cell metaplasia, (amnion nodosum) (present in 65% of normal placentas)
- Increased syncytial knots
- Calcifications
- Infarcts due to focal or diffuse thickening of blood vessels
- Villi capillaries occupying about 50% of the villi volume or when \<40% of capillaries are on the villous periphery
Placental insufficiency should not be confused with complete placental abruption, in which the placenta separates off the uterine wall, which immediately results in no blood flow to the placenta, which leads to immediate fetal demise. In the case of a marginal, incomplete placental abruption of less than 50%, usually weeks of hospitalization precedes delivery and outcomes are not necessarily affected by the partial abruption.
## Pathophysiology
### Maternal effects {#maternal_effects}
Several aspects of maternal adaptation to pregnancy are affected by dysfunction of placenta. Maternal arteries fail to transform into low-resistance vessels (expected by 22--24 weeks of gestation). This increases vascular resistance in the fetoplacental vascular bed, eventually leading to reduction in metabolically active mass of placenta in a type of vicious cycle.
### Fetal effects {#fetal_effects}
Placental insufficiency can affect the fetus, causing fetal distress. Placental insufficiency may cause oligohydramnios, preeclampsia, miscarriage or stillbirth. Placental insufficiency is most frequent cause of asymmetric IUGR.
#### Fetal metabolic changes {#fetal_metabolic_changes}
Metabolic changes occurring in uteroplacental insufficiency:
+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Substrate | Change |
+===========================+==============================================================================================+
| Glucose | Decreases in proportion to degree of fetal hypoglycemia |
+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Amino acids | - Decrease in branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine), serine and lysine. |
| | - Increase in hydroxyproline |
| | - Glycine:Valine ratio increases in amniotic fluid |
| | - Increase in ammonia in amniotic fluid (positive correlation with ponderal index) |
+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Fatty acids | - Decrease in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| | - Decrease in overall fatty acid transport via umbilical cord |
+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Oxygen and Carbon dioxide | - Degree of hypoxemia is proportional to villous damage |
| | - Hypercapnia, acidemia, hypoxemia and hyperlacticemia in proportion to hypoxemia |
+---------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#### Fetal hormonal changes {#fetal_hormonal_changes}
Decrease in overall thyroid function is correlated with fetal hypoxemia. Serum glucagon, adrenaline, noradrenaline levels increase, eventually causing peripheral glycogenolysis and mobilization of fetal hepatic glycogen stores.
#### Fetal hematologic changes {#fetal_hematologic_changes}
Fetal hypoxemia triggers erythropoietin release. This stimulates RBC production from medullary and extramedullary sites and eventually results in polycythemia. Oxygen carrying capacity of blood is thus increased. Prolonged tissue hypoxemia may cause early release of erythrocytes from maturation sites and thus count of nucleated RBCs in blood increases. These factors, increase in blood viscosity, decrease in cell membrane fluidity and platelet aggregation are important precursors in accelerating placental vascular occlusion.
#### Fetal immunological changes {#fetal_immunological_changes}
There is decrease in immunoglobulin, absolute B-cell counts and total WBC count. T-helper and cytotoxic T-cells are suppressed in proportion of degree of acidemia. These conditions lead to higher infection susceptibility of infant after delivery.
#### Fetal cardiovascular changes {#fetal_cardiovascular_changes}
There is decrease in magnitude of umbilical venous volume flow. In response to this, the proportion of umbilical venous blood diverted to fetal heart increases. This eventually leads to elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance and increased right ventricular afterload. This fetal cerebral redistribution of blood flow is an early response to placental insufficiency. Blood flow is selectively redirected to the myocardium, adrenal glands, and in particular to the brain in a *brain-sparing effect*.
In late stage, the redistribution becomes ineffective, there is decrease in cardiac output, ineffective preload handling and elevation of central venous pressure. This deterioration in circulation may ultimately lead to tricuspid insufficiency and death of the fetus. Peripheral circulatory disturbances also accompany these central circulatory changes.
#### Fetal behavioral changes {#fetal_behavioral_changes}
Chronic hypoxemia leads to delay in all aspects of CNS maturation. With worsening fetal hypoxemia, there is decline in fetal activity. With further hypoxemia, fetal breathing ceases. Gross body movements and tone decrease further. Fetal heart rate decreases due to spontaneous deceleration due to direct depression of cardiac contractility. This leads to intrauterine fetal death.
#### Risk of later metabolic disease {#risk_of_later_metabolic_disease}
According to the theory of thrifty phenotype, placental insufficiency triggers epigenetic responses in the fetus that are otherwise activated in times of chronic food shortage. If the offspring actually develops in an environment rich in food it may be more prone to metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type II diabetes.
## Diagnosis
The following tests have been promoted as supposedly diagnosing placental insufficiency, but all have been unsuccessful at predicting stillbirth due to placental insufficiency:
- Placental grading
- Amniotic fluid index
- Fetal biophysical profile test scoring
- Doppler velocimetry
- Routine ultrasound scanning
- Detection and management of maternal diabetes mellitus
- Antenatal fetal heart rate monitoring using cardiotocography
- Vibroacoustic stimulation, fetal movement counting
- Home vs. hospital-based bed rest and monitoring in high-risk pregnancy
- In-hospital fetal surveillance unit
- Use of the partograph during labor
- Cardiotocography during labor with or without pulse oximetry
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,698 |
The New Adventures of Robin Hood
|
***The New Adventures of Robin Hood*** is an action adventure television series that premiered on January 13, 1997, on TNT. The show was based on the legend of Robin Hood, the English folk hero, and was filmed in Vilnius, Lithuania. It was produced and distributed by Dune Productions, M6, and Warner Bros. International.
The tone of the series resembled its contemporaries *Hercules: The Legendary Journeys* and *Xena: Warrior Princess*. The premiere episode aired immediately after an episode of *WCW Monday Nitro*. A unique promotional effort took place between the two, with the *Nitro* main event---Hulk Hogan vs The Giant---not beginning until two minutes before the show ended, then continuing and being broadcast during portions of commercial breaks.
*The New Adventures of Robin Hood* aired for a total of four seasons with fifty-two episodes airing over a span of two calendar years. The first two seasons aired on TNT, and the series moved to first-run syndication for the final two.
## Plot
Following the adventures of the legendary outlaw hero and his team, this series tells all new tales pitting Robin, Little John, Marion, and Tuck against the forces of oppression and greed. Similar to other fantasy-action shows at the time, such as *Hercules: The Legendary Journeys* and *The Adventures of Sinbad*, this version incorporates fantasy elements into the Robin Hood mythos, the most notable addition being the wizard Olwyn, who acts as a mentor to Robin. Among the recurring elements are enchanted weapons (\"Robin and the Golden Arrow\", \"Devil\'s Bride\"), monsters (\"Nightmare of the Magic Castle\", \"Return of the Giant\"), and time travel (\"Return to Camelot\", \"The Time Machine\").
## Cast
- Robin Hood -- Matthew Porretta (seasons 1--2); John Bradley (seasons 3--4)
- Lady Marion Fitzwalter -- Anna Galvin (season 1); Barbara Griffin (seasons 2--4)
- Little John -- Richard Ashton
- Friar Tuck -- Martyn Ellis
- Olwyn -- Christopher Lee
- Kemal -- Hakim Alston
- Prince John -- Andrew Bicknell
- Rowena -- Christie Lee Woods
- Marjorie -- Hélène Cardona
## Episodes
### Season 1 (1997, TNT) {#season_1_1997_tnt}
### Season 2 (1997, TNT) {#season_2_1997_tnt}
### Season Three (1998, syndication) {#season_three_1998_syndication}
27\. First Love: Robin\'s former fiancée seeks the outlaw hero\'s help in rescuing her husband.
28\. The Haunted Castle: An investigation into a man and his daughter\'s disappearance leads to the team confronting their own fears.
29\. The Giant King: When the son of old friend falls ill, Robin and the team seek out the last of a race of Irish giants with healing breath. But when the young man is cured, he becomes a tyrant.
30\. Sword of the Samurai: Robin teams up with an aspiring samurai to retrieve a sword from the evil Count Frederick.
31\. Robinville: A visit to a celebration in Robin\'s honor turns chaotic when the son of the man Robin freed the town from seeks revenge.
32\. Vanishing Act: When Marion, and later Little John\'s sister Ingrid, go missing, Robin and Little John get help from a hermit to find them.
33\. The Hunter: In a Predator-style episode, Rowena accidentally summons a creature who must collect seven warriors for a sacrifice that will enhance his power.
34\. A Date with Destiny: Robin is sent back fifteen years and mistakenly alters history.
35\. Orphans: Robin must rescue a young boy from an evil knight who seeks to overthrow his cousin, a queen.
36\. The Assassin: Robin and the team must keep three nobles safe from a shapeshifting assassin.
37\. Body and Soul: Robin dies in action before his time and must occupy another body while a new one is being created.
38\. Assault on Castle Dundeen: The team helps a young lord protect his castle from his evil uncle.
39\. The Auction: An auction held by Tuck is put on hold when Robin learns his father may still be alive. Or is he?
### Season Four (1999, syndication) {#season_four_1999_syndication}
40\. Ringside Murder: Tuck is framed for the murder of a lord and the team must clear his name.
41\. Heroes: The Sheriff has a look-a-like pose as Robin while the real one is sent back in time, and placed in the body of a treacherous ancestor.
42\. Godiva: An evil sorceress seeks revenge on Robin.
43\. Raven\'s Peak: The team must help a man hide when he\'s accused of murder.
44\. Black Rose: An exiled Amazon named Black Rose plans to assassinate Queen Eleanor.
45\. The Running Bride: Robin must escort a princess to her wedding while keeping her safe from an evil duke and earl.
46\. The Prison: Marion is taken hostage by prisoners who plan to unleash a plague on England.
47\. The Rebellion: Olivia (from \"First Love\") is taken by the evil Lord Tumble after her husband is killed.
48\. Return to Camelot: Merlin transports Robin to the past to train a young King Arthur.
49\. The Hanged Man: In a plot similar to The Manchurian Candidate, The Sheriff uses a mad scientist to brainwash either Marion, Little John, or Tuck to kill Robin.
50\. The Time Machine: A teenager named Elvis travels back to Nottingham via his father\'s time machine, only to have it stolen by raiders
51\. Day After Day: Robin must free his team and a whole village when an evil warlock curses the area to relive the same day over and over until the woman he obsesses over agrees to marry him.
52\. Return of the Giant: A lord uses a spell to summon a giant to kidnap the woman who rejected his proposal.
## Home media {#home_media}
The first season of this show was released on DVD on June 1, 2010, and is sold exclusively on [1](https://www.wbshop.com/products/new-adventures-of-robin-hood-the-season-1-mod) as a manufacture-on-demand product.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,699 |
How Is Julie?
|
\"**How Is Julie?**\" is a song written by Eddy Carroll (Eddie Carroll) and Barry DeVorzon.
## Background
The song\'s lyrics describe the singer\'s anguish as Julie, whom he loved, has left him.
## Chart performance {#chart_performance}
In 1962, The Lettermen released it as a single from their album *Once Upon a Time*. The song continued their streak of top forty hits on Billboard\'s easy listening chart and just missed the top forty of the *Billboard* Hot 100.
+---------------------------------+----------+
| Chart (1962) | Peak\ |
| | position |
+=================================+==========+
| U.S. *Billboard* Easy Listening | 16 |
+---------------------------------+----------+
| U.S. *Billboard* Hot 100 | 42 |
+---------------------------------+----------+
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,716 |
Darrick Brilz
|
**Darrick Joseph Brilz** (born February 14, 1964) is an American former professional football offensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins, San Diego Chargers, Seattle Seahawks, and Cincinnati Bengals. He played college football at Oregon State University.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,724 |
Valley of Josaphat
|
The **Valley of Josaphat** (*'Êmeq Yəhōšāp̄āṭ*; variants: **Valley of Jehoshaphat** and **Valley of Yehoshephat**) is a Biblical place mentioned by name in the Book of Joel (`{{bibleverse||Joel|3:2}}`{=mediawiki} and `{{bibleverse-nb||Joel|3:12}}`{=mediawiki}): \"I will gather together all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Josaphat: \"Then I will enter into judgment with them there\", on behalf of my people and for My inheritance Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations and they have divided up My land.\"; \"Let the nations be roused; Let the nations be aroused And come up to the Valley of Jehoshaphat, for there I will sit to judge all the nations on every side\". This location is also referred to as the Valley of Decision.
## Identification
### In the Judaean Desert near Teqo\'a {#in_the_judaean_desert_near_teqoa}
By one interpretation, this describes the place where, in the presence of Jehoshaphat (Josaphat), King of Judah, Yahweh will annihilate the Gentile coalition of Moab, Ammon and Edom. This may indicate an actual valley euphemistically called by the Jews *êmêq Berâkâh* (\"valley of blessing\"), situated in the Judaean Desert, in the proximity of Teqo\'a near Khirbet Berêkût, west of Khirbet Teqû\'a (about eleven miles from Jerusalem).
### Upper Kidron Valley segment {#upper_kidron_valley_segment}
In the fourth century, in the Bordeaux itinerary, the Cedron takes the name of Valley of Josaphat. Eusebius (in his *Onomasticon*) and St. Jerome strengthen this view, while Cyril of Alexandria appears to indicate a different place; early Jewish tradition denied the reality of this valley. Subsequently to the fourth century, Christians, Jews and Muslims regard Cedron as the place of the Last Judgment. What has lent colour to this popular belief is the fact that since the time of the kings of Judah, Cedron has been the principal necropolis of Jerusalem. Josias scattered upon the tombs of the children of Israel the ashes of the idol of the goddess Astarte which he burned in Cedron (`{{bibleverse|2 Kings|23:4}}`{=mediawiki}).
The Valley of Jehoshaphat is applied to the Kidron Valley, between Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives, for the first time by the Pilgrim of Bordeaux in 333.
### Symbolic, indeterminate place {#symbolic_indeterminate_place}
Alternatively, it may refer to an indeterminate valley of judgment, since \"Josaphat\" means \"Yahweh judges\". In `{{bibleverse||Joel|3:14}}`{=mediawiki} the same valley is called the \"valley of decision\" (or in the Douay--Rheims Bible \"valley of destruction\"). The chapter in question describes how the nations that afflicted Judah and Jerusalem during their Babylonian captivity and return from exile shall receive Divine judgment.
### No place {#no_place}
According to the Midrash Tehillim, no \"valley called Jehoshaphat\" exists.
## Gallery
Image:JPF - Old City From Mount Scopus.jpg\|Old City of Jerusalem from Mount Scopus. This view is looking southwest across the Kidron Valley. Image:Tomb of Avshalom in the Kidron Valley;.jpg\|Tomb of Absalom. Image:Zetomb.JPG\|Tomb of Zechariah. <File:A>. Salzmann - Tomb of St. James, Valley of Josaphat, Jerusalem.jpg\|\"Tomb of St. James\", actually of the Hezir priestly family, photo by Auguste Salzmann
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,725 |
Pimlico railway station
|
**Pimlico** terminus was a railway station built beside the new Chelsea Bridge, across the road from the new Battersea Gardens. It was at the end of a 3 mi extension of the West End of London and Crystal Palace Railway from Wandsworth Common. Confusingly, the station was not actually in Pimlico, which is on the other (northern) bank of the river; to reach it, Pimlico residents had to cross Chelsea Bridge (at that time called Victoria Bridge) which opened a week after the station.
Its 22 acre site formally opened on Saturday 27 March 1858 and passengers used it from 29 March. Herapath\'s Journal said it, \"was much admired for its spaciousness, convenient design, and economical construction\".
There were nine trains a day to Brighton and 25 to London Bridge. Pimlico station closed on the eve of the opening of Battersea station and Victoria station on 1 October 1860. Apart from Maiden Lane, it was the shortest lived London terminal.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,736 |
A Body in the Bath House
|
***A Body in the Bath House*** is a 2001 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the 13th book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome and Britannia in AD 75, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The title refers to the discovery of a corpse hidden beneath the floor of one bath house and a murder which takes place in another. American editions spell \"bathhouse\" in the title as one word.
## Plot summary {#plot_summary}
When Marcus Didius Falco discovers a corpse hidden under the floor of his new bath house, he starts to track down the men responsible -- Glaucus and Cotta. He also receives a commission from the Emperor Vespasian. A building project for the British Chieftain Togidubnus is running late and over-budget. The first phase of construction had gone smoothly -- the first buildings on site were granaries, providing a supply base for the Roman army, constructed in the early part of the conquest. But progress had stalled on the stone-walled house and bath suite that would be Togidubnus\'s residence. Suspecting that the men he seeks have fled to Britain, Falco accepts the mission and travels there with his wife, two baby daughters, their nurse, and his two brothers-in-law Aelianus and Justinus.
Falco arrives at Fishbourne and starts by investigating corrupt practices. However events quickly take a turn for the worse when the Chief Architect is found murdered in the bath-house of the British King. Falco takes over the project and investigates the killings.
## Characters
### In Rome {#in_rome}
- *Aulus Camillus Aelianus* -- Younger brother of Helena
- *Anacrites* -- Chief Spy
- *Camilla Hyspale* -- Nursemaid to Julia and Favonia
- *Marcus Didius Geminus* -- Father of Falco, Auctioneer
- *Glaucus and Cotta* -- Bath House Contractors
- *Sosia Favonia* -- Daughter of Falco and Helena
- *Helena Justina* -- Wife of Falco, and daughter of the Senator Decimus Camillus Verus
- *Julia Junilla Laeitana* -- Daughter of Falco and Helena
- *Lucius Petronius Longus* -- Friend of Falco and Vigiles Officer
- *Maia Favonia* -- Falco\'s widowed sister
- *Marcus Didius Falco* -- Informer and Imperial Agent.
- *Perella* -- Dancer and Spy
- *Quintus Camillus Justinus* -- Younger brother of Aelianus
- *Vespasian* -- Emperor of Rome
### In Britain {#in_britain}
- *Alexas* -- Doctor
- *Blandus* -- Painter
- *Cyprianus* -- Clerk of Works
- *Gaius* -- Clerk
- *Lupus* -- Overseas labour force supervisor
- *Magnus* -- Surveyor
- *Mandumerus* -- Local labour force supervisor
- *Marcellinus* -- Retired Architect
- *Milchato* -- Marble Mason
- *Philocles* -- Mosaicist
- *Plancus* -- Assistant Architect
- *Pomponius* -- Project Manager
- *Rectus* -- Draining Engineer
- *Sextius* -- Mechanical statue-seller
- *Strephon* -- Assistant Architect
- *T. Claudius Togidubnus* -- Great King of the Britons
- *Timagenes* -- Gardener
- *Verovolcus* -- Briton working for Togidubnus
- *Virginia* -- Barmaid
## Major themes {#major_themes}
- Investigation into corruption at the building of a palace of an influential Roman ally.
- The obsessive pursuit of Maia by Anacrites.
- Falco\'s induction of his brothers-in-law as his investigative associates
## Release details {#release_details}
- 2001, UK, Century Hardback `{{ISBN|0-7126-8039-X}}`{=mediawiki}
- 2002, UK, Arrow, Paperback `{{ISBN|0-09-929830-9}}`{=mediawiki}
- UK, Chivers/BBC AudioBooks, read by Christian Rodska, Cassettes `{{ISBN|0-7540-9769-2}}`{=mediawiki} CD audios `{{ISBN|1-4056-7048-7}}`{=mediawiki}
- UK, Isis, Large Print `{{ISBN|0-7531-6612-7}}`{=mediawiki}
- 2002, US, Mysterious Press, Hardback (*A Body in the Bathhouse*) `{{ISBN|0-89296-771-4}}`{=mediawiki}
- US, Mysterious Press, Paperback (*A Body in the Bathhouse*) `{{ISBN|0-446-69170-4}}`{=mediawiki}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,739 |
Rob Waldrop
|
**Robert F. Waldrop** (born December 1, 1971) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL) and Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Arizona Wildcats, twice earning consensus All-American honors, including a unanimous selection in 1993. Waldrop played professionally for the NFL\'s Kansas City Chiefs, and the Memphis Mad Dogs and Toronto Argonauts of the CFL. He is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame.
## Early life {#early_life}
Waldrop was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended Horizon High School in Scottsdale, Arizona, where he played for the Horizon Huskies high school football team.
## College career {#college_career}
While attending the University of Arizona, Waldrop played for the Arizona Wildcats football team from 1990 to 1993. He was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American in 1992 and 1993. He was also the recipient of the Outland Trophy as the best interior lineman in the country, the Nagurski Award as the best defensive player, and United Press International\'s Lineman of the Year award. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2011.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
The Kansas City Chiefs selected Waldrop in the fifth round of the 1994 NFL draft. He played for the Chiefs in three regular season games in `{{NFL Year|1994}}`{=mediawiki}. He played for the CFL\'s Memphis Mad Dogs in `{{CFL Year|1995}}`{=mediawiki}, and for the CFL\'s Toronto Argonauts in `{{CFL Year|1996}}`{=mediawiki} and `{{CFL Year|1997}}`{=mediawiki}. He gained his greatest recognition with the Argos, when he was a member of their back-to-back Grey Cup championship teams in 1996 and 1997, and was selected as a CFL All-Star in both years.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,751 |
List of personalities on NFL Network
|
Past and present television personalities on the NFL Network.
## Current NFL Network personalities {#current_nfl_network_personalities}
- Jill Arrington: (2018--present) **host**
- Taylor Bisciotti:(2016--present) **reporter/host**
- Brian Baldinger: (2003--present) **reporter/analyst**
- Kyle Brandt: (2016--present) **host**
- Bucky Brooks (2010--present) **analyst/reporter**
- Stacey Dales: (2009--present) **reporter**
- Chase Daniel: (2023--present) **analyst**
- Charles Davis: (2007--present) **analyst**
- Rich Eisen: (2003--present) **host**
- Cynthia Frelund: (2016--present) **analytics analyst/expert**
- Scott Hanson: (2006--present) **reporter/host**
- Pep Hamilton: (2023--present) **analyst**
- Steve Mariucci: (2006--present) *\'lead analyst*
- Gerald McCoy: (2023--present) **analyst**
- Shaun O\'Hara: (2012--present) **analyst**
- Tom Pelissero: (2018--present) **reporter/analyst**
- Kristina Pink: (2018--present) **sideline reporter**
- Ian Rapoport: (2012--present) **reporter/analyst**
- Chris Rose: (2012--present) **host**
- David Shaw: (2023--present) **analyst**
- Jane Slater: (2016--present) **host/reporter**
- LaDainian Tomlinson: (2012--present) **analyst**
- Robert Turbin: (2023--present) **analyst**
- Kurt Warner: (2010--present) **analyst**
- Heidi Watney: (2022--present) **host/reporter**
- Sara Walsh: (2019--present) **host/reporter**
- Colleen Wolfe: (2014--present) **host**
- Steve Wyche: (2009--present) **analyst**
- Mike Yam: (2020--present) **host**
- David Carr: (2016--present) **analyst**
## Former NFL Network personalities {#former_nfl_network_personalities}
- Kay Adams: (2016--2022) **host of Good Morning Football**
- Ernie Accorsi: (2008) **analyst**
- Jennifer Allen: (2004--2012) **features reporter**
- Marcus Allen: (2005--2006) **analyst**
- LaVar Arrington: (2014--2018) **analyst**
- Bobby Beathard: (2007) **analyst**
- Michelle Beisner: (2006--2013) **reporter/anchor**
- Jerome Bettis: (2009--2012) **reporter**
- Brian Billick: (2012--2022) **analyst**
- Tiffany Blackmon: (2015--2019) **reporter**
- Albert Breer: (2010--2016) **reporter**
- James Brown: (2014--2017) **host**
- Paul Burmeister: (2004--2014) **host/play-by-play**
- Nate Burleson: (2016--2021) **host**
- Charley Casserly: (2008--2020) **analyst**
- Fran Charles: (2006--2014) **host**
- Cris Collinsworth: (2006--2008) **analyst**
- Erin Coscarelli: (2014--2017) **host**
- Bob Costas: (2016--2017) **host**
- Bill Cowher (2014--2017) **analyst**
- Victor Cruz: (2017--2019) **analyst**
- Dave Dameshek: (2012--2020) **fantasy analyst**
- Jeff Darlington: (2011--2016) **reporter**
- Butch Davis: (2003--2006) **analyst**
- Eric Davis: (2012--2017) **analyst**
- Terrell Davis: (2003--2012, 2013--2017) **analyst**
- Spero Dedes: (2006--2015) **host/play-by-play**
- Terry Donahue: (2007--2008) **college football analyst**
- Jamie Dukes: (2006--2018) **analyst**
- Heath Evans: (2011--2017) **analyst**
- Michael Fabiano: (2012--2019) **fantasy analyst**
- Marshall Faulk: (2006--2017) **lead analyst**
- Alex Flanagan: (2006--2017) **host/anchor/reporter**
- Leslie Frazier: (2023--2024) **analyst**
- Akbar Gbaja-Biamila: (2012--2015) **fantasy analyst**
- Jay Glazer: (2010--2015) **analyst**
- Rebecca Haarlow: (2011--2015) **reporter/host**
- Dennis Green: (2012--2016) **analyst**
- Bryant Gumbel: (2006--2007) **play-by-play**
- DeAngelo Hall: (2019--present) **analyst**
- Elliot Harrison (?-2019) **host of power rankings**
- Rodney Harrison: (2016--2017) **analyst**
- Dan Hellie: (2013--present) **host/anchor/reporter**
- Kara Henderson: (2003--2012) **reporter/host**
- Derrin Horton: (2003--2012) **host/anchor/reporter**
- Michael Irvin: (2009--2024) **lead analyst**
- Daryl Johnston: (2010--2012) **analyst**
- Kim Jones: (2007--2008, 2012--2022) **reporter**
- Seth Joyner: (2003--2004) **analyst**
- Lincoln Kennedy: (2003--2006) **analyst**
- Aditi Kinkhabwala: (2001--2021) **reporter**
- Mark Kriegel: (2012--2015) **analyst**
- Jason La Canfora: (2009--2012) **reporter**
- Michael Lombardi: (2009--2013) **analyst**
- Mike Mayock: (2003--2018) **game analyst/college football guru**
- Willie McGinest: (2012--2020) **analyst**
- Liam McHugh: (2017) **host**
- Donovan McNabb: (2012) **analyst**
- Matt Millen: (2009--2010) **game analyst**
- Jim Mora Sr.: (2003--2012) **analyst**
- Randy Moss (2008--2020) **anchor/reporter**
- Jim Nantz: (2014--2017) **play-by-play**
- Brad Nessler: (2011--2013) **play by play**
- Ken Norton: (2003--2005) **analyst**
- Jesse Palmer: (2006--2007) **analyst**
- Bob Papa: (2007--2010) **play by play**
- Glenn Parker: (2003--2006) **analyst**
- Bill Patrick: (2003--2004) **host**
- Mike Pereira: (2003--2010) **analyst**
- Tony Romo: (2017) **analyst**
- Molly Qerim: (2012--2015) **anchor**
- Dan Reeves: (2003--2006) **analyst**
- Lindsay Rhodes: (2009--2020) **anchor/reporter**
- Deion Sanders: (2006--2020) **lead analyst**
- Warren Sapp: (2008--2015) **analyst**
- Danyelle Sargent: (2012--2013) **anchor**
- Adam Schefter: (2003--2009) **reporter**
- Peter Schrager: (2016--2025) **host**
- Will Selva: (2013--2023) **anchor**
- Sterling Sharpe: (2003--2015) **analyst**
- Brad Sham: (2007--2009) **play-by-play**
- Darren Sharper: (2012--2013) **analyst**
- Shannon Sharpe: (2018) **analyst**
- Andrew Siciliano: (2012--2023) **host**
- Mike Silver: (2013--2020) **analyst**
- Phil Simms: (2014--2016) **analyst**
- Emmitt Smith: (2005--2006) **analyst**
- Matt \"Money\" Smith: (2011--2020) **fantasy analyst**
- Melissa Stark: (2011--2023) **host/reporter**
- Mary Strong: (2006--2012) **anchor/reporter**
- Joe Theismann: (2009--2012) **analyst**
- Amber Theoharis: (2012--2019) **host/anchor**
- Jim Trotter: (2018--2022) **analyst**
- Dick Vermeil: (2006--2008) **game analyst**
- Tom Waddle: (2007--2014) **analyst**
- Steve Weissman: (2015--2019) **host**
- Solomon Wilcots: (2003--2019) **analyst**
- Ari Wolfe: (2010--2019) **host/reporter**
- Tracy Wolfson: (2014--2017) **sideline reporter**
- Rod Woodson: (2003--2011) **analyst**
- Nicole Zaloumis: (2012--2014) **host**
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,755 |
Livytskyi
|
**Livytskyi** is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Andriy Livytskyi (1879--1954), Ukrainian politician, diplomat, statesman, and lawyer
- Mykola Livytskyi (1907--1989), Ukrainian politician and journalist
Category:Ukrainian-language surnames
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,781 |
Gautam Malkani
|
**Gautam Malkani** (born 27 August 1976) is a journalist and the author of the novel *Londonstani*. He has worked for *The Financial Times* on its UK news desk in London, at the Washington bureau, and was an associate editor on the FT Weekend Magazine, after a spell on the newspaper\'s Business Life section.
## Biography
He was born in Hounslow, London on 27 August 1976. Malkani\'s mother was a Ugandan of Indian descent. He studied Social and Political Sciences at Christ\'s College, Cambridge. Malkani currently resides in London.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,795 |
Sistema Sandinista de Televisión
|
The Sandinist Television System (**Sistema Sandinista de Televisión** - SSTV) was a television network in Nicaragua, owned and operated by the government from 1979 to 1990.
## History
When the Sandinistas overthrew the Somoza regime in Nicaragua in 1979, there were only two private television stations broadcasting in Nicaragua. Televicentro (Canal 2), founded in 1965 and owned by Televicentro de Nicaragua, S.A. of the Sacasa family and Canal 6 owned by the Somoza family and founded in 1959.
The SSTV was officially constituted by law on February 10, 1984 but both TV stations were nationalized from their former owners by the Sandinista government already in July 1979 and the SSTV existed *de facto* since then.
The network was under the administration of a Board of Directors with the following representatives from these institutions:.
- the Council of National Reconstruction
- the president of National Council for Higher Education
- the Ministry of Education
- the Ministry of Culture
- the Ministry of Telecommunications
- the National Teacher\'s Association
- the Nicaraguan Journalists Union
- as well as representatives of the two channels of SSTV and their station managers
In 1989 the Sandinista government decided to return Televicentro (Canal 2) to the Sacasa family. That was interpreted as an evidence of the political circumstances in the last years of Sandinistas rule with a more open and tolerant policy towards the opposition.
With Violeta Chamorro\'s triumph in the 1990 elections, the network was dismantled and Canal 6 became part of The National Television System (Sistema Nacional de Televisión - SNTV) until 1997 when it was legally declared in bankruptcy under Arnoldo Alemán\'s government. After 16 years of abandonment, on September 14, 2011, Channel 6 was again on the air, due to the investments made by the Nicaraguan government in the restoration of the channel.
## Programming
In the beginning, because of the economic blockade imposed by the United States, the SSTV programming was composed of US series and Cuban productions used to educate according to the new government\'s ideology.
However, with the help of European professionals (especially from Soviet bloc countries) and Cubans, the network created programs of ample remembrance among the Nicaraguan population while at the same time forming talents that would influence the Nicaraguan television scene. Among the programs produced by SSTV are *La Liga del Saber*, *El Chocoyito Chimbarón*, *Domingos Espectaculares* (Spectacular Sundays) and several documentaries about the Sandinista Revolution.
Channel 6 offered a generalist programming while Channel 2 specialized in educational and cultural programming.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,818 |
Erdne Ombadykow
|
**Erdne-Basan Ombadykow** (*translit=Ombadha Erdn-Basñ*, `{{IPA|xal|ombadəˈɣa ɛrdˈnə baˈsəŋk|}}`{=mediawiki}, *translit=Erdni Basangovich Ombadykov*, `{{IPA|ru|ɪrdˈnʲi bɐˈsanɡəvʲɪt͡ɕ ɐmbəˈdɨkəf|}}`{=mediawiki}, born 27 October 1972 in Philadelphia), also known as **Telo Tulku Rinpoche** (*Тэло Тулку Ринпоче*), is the Tibetan Buddhist spiritual leader of the Kalmyk people. He received his formal training as a bhikṣu in India and was recognized by the 14th Dalai Lama as the current reincarnation of *mahasiddha* Tilopa.
Between 1992 and 2023, Telo Tulku served as the spiritual head (Shadjin Lama, *Şacn lama*, `{{IPA|xal|ʃaˈd͡ʒən ˈlama|}}`{=mediawiki}) of the Buddhists of Kalmykia. Until 2022, he divided his time between Kalmykia and his family in Erie, Colorado. He now lives in Mongolia.
## Early life and career {#early_life_and_career}
Erdne Ombadykow was born in Philadelphia to working class, Kalmyk immigrant parents from Kalmykia as the youngest of brothers Tschon, Tseren, Dava, Jigmid, Jaba and sisters Marguerite, Gerel, and Rolma. As a child, Erdne determined that he wanted to be a Buddhist monk, the way other boys want to be policemen or firemen. By the age of seven, Erdne\'s parents permitted him to move to India where he would study Buddhism at a monastery until 1992. It was reported on ChessBase News, when asked why was he was sent to a monastery in India to be trained as a Buddhist monk at age seven, he said his family wanted one of the sons to become a monk, and he had shown the greatest interest. In New York he met the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet, who recommended that he go to the Drepung Gomang Monastery in South India for proper training. While studying at the Drepung Gomang Monastery for 13 years, Erdne Ombadykow was recognized as the current reincarnation (Tulku) of Tilopa, a revered Buddhist saint.
## Initial visit to Russia {#initial_visit_to_russia}
After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ombadykow joined the Dalai Lama on his first visit to Kalmykia, a region whose once-rich Buddhist heritage was destroyed in the 1930s by the dual Soviet policies of collectivization and atheism. Upon arrival, the Dalai Lama named Ombadykow as the Šajin (Supreme) Lama of the Kalmyk people. As the spiritual leader, Ombadykow\'s role was to lead a Buddhist revival among the approximately 160,000 Kalmyks who live in Kalmykia.
At Ombadykow\'s first visit to Kalmykia, Buddhist services were held in a private home outside of Elista, which at a capacity of 30 to 40 people, stretching to 50 people on religious holidays.
As the only Kalmyk person with proper Buddhist training, Ombadykow soon determined that his responsibility as the Šajin Lama was too great a burden for he himself to bear as a 22-year-old. Moreover, he found that his formal monastic training did not prepare him for the role he was assigned. He neither spoke Kalmyk Oirat, nor was he familiar with the mentality of the people or the government.
## Return to the USA {#return_to_the_usa}
Presumably these obstacles made him return to the United States in late 1994, renounce monastic life, and get married in 1995. However, after a self-imposed two-year exile, Ombadykow re-embraced his mission and returned to Kalmykia.
## Return to Kalmykia {#return_to_kalmykia}
Since his return to Kalmykia, Telo Tulku has successfully led the revival of Buddhism. For example, as the Šajin Lama, Telo Tulku now administers 27 newly constructed temples and prayer houses and oversees the work of seven Tibetan lamas. He also has dispatched dozens of young Kalmyk men to India for formal monastic training. Finally, he has learned to speak Kalmyk and Russian.
## Exile to Mongolia {#exile_to_mongolia}
Until the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Telo Tulku spent six months of the year in Elista and the remainder with his wife and son in the United States. When the war broke out, he relocated to Mongolia. On 1 October, Telo Tulku stated about the war that the Ukrainians were in the moral right, and saw them as \"defenders of their land\".
On 27 January 2023, he was recognized in Russia as a foreign agent. He was also stripped of the title of Šajin Lama, with that position going to Mutul Ovyanov.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,835 |
Lugduname
|
**Lugduname** (from lat. *Lugdunum* for *Lyon*) is one of the most potent sweetening agents known. Lugduname has been estimated to be between 220,000 and 300,000 times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar), with estimates varying between studies. It was developed at the University of Lyon, France in 1996. Lugduname is part of a family of potent sweeteners which contain acetic acid functional groups attached to guanidine.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,843 |
History of Darfur
|
`{{History of Sudan}}`{=mediawiki} Throughout its history, **Darfur** has been the home to several cultures and kingdoms, such as the Daju and Tunjur kingdoms. The recorded history of Darfur begins in the seventeenth century, with the foundation of the Fur Sultanate by the Keira dynasty. The Sultanate of Darfur was initially conquered in 1874 by the Khedivate of Egypt. In 1899, the government of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan recognized Ali Dinar as the Sultan of Darfur, in exchange for an annual tribute of 500 pound sterling. This lasted until Darfur was formally annexed in 1916. The region remained underdeveloped through the period of colonial rule and after independence in 1956. The majority of national resources were directed toward the riverine Arabs clustered along the Nile near Khartoum. This pattern of structural inequality and overly underdevelopment resulted in increasing restiveness among Darfuris. The influence of regional geopolitics and war by proxy, coupled with economic hardship and environmental degradation, from soon after independence led to sporadic armed resistance from the mid-1980s. The continued violence culminated in an armed resistance movement around 2003.
## Kingdoms of Darfur {#kingdoms_of_darfur}
As the region is composed mostly of semi-arid plains it cannot support a dense population. The one exception is the area in and around the Jebal Marra mountains. It was from bases in these mountains that a series of groups expanded to control the region.
The history of the region is extremely poorly documented, especially the earlier periods. Archaeology has hardly made any progress, in part thanks to the continuing state of warfare which hinders research. Documentary history is also rather sparse, Muhammad al-Idrisi, writing in 1154 is the first author to offer information about the region that provides any concrete detail. The Sicilian geographer describes the Tajuwa as pagans inhabiting the region adjacent to the Nile Valley kingdoms, who possessed two towns, the first and capital being Tajuwa and a second town lying six stages away from it called Samna, which was destroyed according to a traveler in the region, by the governor of the Kingdom of Nuba. The bulk of the inhabitants were nomadic with large numbers of cattle and camels, but subject to raiding by their neighbors.
### Tora
Oral traditions record a race of white giants called Tora, who allegedly reached Darfur from the north, perhaps indicating a Berber origin. They are credited to have introduced monumental stone architecture and sophisticated agriculture. By the 12th century, the Tora had been succeeded by the Daju.
### Daju Period {#daju_period}
The Daju -- inhabitants of Jebel Marra -- appear to have been the dominant group in Darfur in the earliest period recorded. How long they ruled is uncertain with little being known of them save for a list of kings. A. J. Arkell (1959) mentions that the Daju are originally meroites who re-established their capital at Jebel Gadir (Gadir was a Daju king who died and buried beneath this Jebel which is attributed to him) in the Kordofan region. Due to an attack from Nubia about 1100 AD, and for a desire of expansion sultan Ahmed el-Daj relocated his capital to Jebel Marra. He won a battle against the Nubians at Wadi el-Malik and this made him a hero and Emperor for this event the Wadi took his name and his people became known as the Daju. The Nubians attacked the Daju empire again and caused the destruction of the city of Semna east of el-Fashir. During this period the name of the country was Dardaju (land of the Daju). According to tradition the last sultan experienced a coup after his order to relocate Jebel Um-Kardoos and the Daju dynasty migrated westward after the famous Kasifurogei tale about the 15th century, the Tunjur assumed power and the country was renamed Dartunjur (land of Tunjur). The Egyptian historian al-Maqrizi, writing about 1400, described \"Taju\" as being a fairly powerful kingdom lying between Kanem and the Nile Valley.
### The Tunjur {#the_tunjur}
The Tunjur reached Darfur by way of Bornu and Wadai. The first Tunjur king is said to have been Ahmed el-Makur, who married the daughter of the last Daju monarch. Ahmed reduced many chiefs to submission, and under him the country prospered. His great-grandson, the sultan Dali, a celebrated figure in Darfur histories, was on his mother\'s side a Fur, and thus brought the dynasty closer to the people it ruled. Dali divided the country into provinces, and established a penal code, which, under the title of Kitab Dali or Dali\'s Book, is still preserved, and differs in some respects from Sharia law.
### Darfur Sultanate {#darfur_sultanate}
Sulayman Solong (or \"Sulayman\", usually distinguished by the Fur epithet Solon, meaning \"the Arab\" or \"the Red\", Browne stated that he was of a Daju origins) reigned from 1603 to 1637, and was a great warrior and a devote Muslim; he is considered to be the founder of the Keira dynasty and the Sultanate of Darfur. Soleiman\'s grandson, Ahmad Bakr (c. 1682 -- c. 1722), made Islam the religion of the state, and increased the prosperity of the country by encouraging immigration from Bornu and Bagirmi. His rule extended east of the Nile as far as the banks of the Atbara. Throughout its history, the sultanate engaged in wars with Sennar, Wadai, Arab tribes and eventually the Egyptians.
In 1856, a Khartoum businessman, Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur, began operations in the land south of Darfur and set up a network of trading posts defended by well-armed forces and soon had a sprawling state under his rule. This area known as the Bahr el Ghazal had long been the source of the goods that Darfur would trade to Egypt and North Africa, especially slaves and ivory. The natives of Bahr el Ghazal paid tribute to Darfur, and these were the chief articles of merchandise sold by the Darfurians to the Egyptian traders along the Darb el-Arbaʿīn road to Asyut. Al-Zubayr redirected this flow of goods to Khartoum and the Nile.
Sultan Ibrahim challenged al-Zubayr who allied himself with his former enemies the Egyptians. The following war resulted in the destruction of the sultanate. Ibrahim was slain in battle in the autumn of 1874, and his uncle Hassab Alla, who sought to maintain the independence of his country, was captured in 1875 by the troops of the khedive, and removed to Cairo with his family.
## Egyptian rule {#egyptian_rule}
The Darfurians were restive under the rule of Egypt, itself under British control since 1882. Various revolts were suppressed, but in 1879 the British Governor-general of Sudan Charles Gordon suggested the reinstatement of the ancient royal family. This was not done, and in 1881 Rudolf Carl von Slatin was made governor of the province.
Slatin defended the province against the forces of the self-proclaimed Mahdi Muhammad Ahmad, who were led by a Rizeigat Sheikh named Madibbo, but surrendered in 1883 and Darfur was incorporated into the Mahdist State. The Darfurians did not support the Mahdi\'s rule and found themselves in a state of almost constant warfare that ended in the gradual removal of the Mahdi\'s forces from Darfur.
Ahmad\'s successor, Abdallahi ibn Muhammad, was a Darfuri of the minor Ta'isha tribe of cattle-herders. Abdallahi forced warriors of the Western tribes to move to the capital Omdurman and fight for him, sparking rebellions by the Rizeigat and Kababish nomads.
Following the overthrow of Abdallahi at Omdurman in 1898, In 1899, following Abdallahi defeat at Omdurman a year prior, the government of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan recognized Ali Dinar, a grandson of Mohammed-el-Fadhl, as the Sultan of Darfur, in exchange for an annual tribute of 500 pound sterling. Under Ali Dinar -- who during the Mahdi\'s era had been kept as a prisoner in Omdurman -- Darfur enjoyed a period of peace and a de facto return to independence.
## British rule {#british_rule}
Darfur remained independent until the First World War when the Sultan of Darfur, Ali Dinar, pledged allegiance to the Ottoman Empire. Following this the British invaded, and incorporated the region into Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1916.
Within Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, the bulk of resources were devoted toward Khartoum and Blue Nile Province, leaving the rest of the country relatively undeveloped. The inhabitants of the river side states, referred to themselves as the *awlad al-beled* (\"children of the country\") in pride over their primary role and referred to the Westerners as *awlad al-gharb* (\"children of the west\"), an implicit slur. Meanwhile, the \"Africans\" were pejoratively known as *zurga* (\"Blacks\"). Over the course of the Condominium, 56% of all investment occurred in Khartoum, Kassala and Northern Province versus 17% for both Kordofan and Darfur, resulting in about 5-6% in Darfur as Kordofan received the bulk of funds in the West. This was despite the provinces in the Nile Valley having a population of 2.3 million versus 3 million people in the West. Darfur, like the rest of Sudan outside the Nile Valley, remained an undeveloped even as independence was achieved in 1956.
## National independence {#national_independence}
After independence, it became a major power base for the Umma Party, led by Sadiq al-Mahdi. By the 1960s, some Darfuris were beginning to question the neglect of the region by the Umma, despite their consistent political support. Disillusionment with the religious sect-based parties -- Khatmiyya/Democratic Unionist Party in the East and Ansar/Umma in the West -- led to a temporary rise of regionally-based parties, including the Darfur Development Front (DDF). During the discussions of the proposed Islamic constitution proposed by Hassan al-Turabi, Muslims from Darfur, the Nuba Mountains and the Red Sea Hills joined the southerners in opposition, perceiving the constitution as a ploy by the center to consolidate their dominance of the marginalized regions. The fracturing of the Umma led to the first political demagoguery attempting to split the \"Africans\" from the \"Arabs\" in the 1968 elections, a difficult task as they were substantially intermarried and could not be distinguished by skin tone. Sadiq al-Mahdi, calculating that the Fur and other \"African\" tribes formed a majority of the electorate, allied with the DDF in blaming \"the Arabs\" for Darfur\'s neglect. This left Sadiq\'s opponent, his uncle Imam Al-Hadi al-Mahdi, courting the Baggara using the rhetoric of \"Arabism\" to offer hope of somehow being a part of the wealthy center.
Underdevelopment and domestic political tension added to cross-border instability with Chad. Sadiq al-Mahdi allowed FROLINAT -- a guerilla movement trying to overthrow President of Chad François Tombalbaye -- to establish bases in Darfur in 1969. However, FROLINAT factional infighting killed dozens within Darfur in 1971, leading President of Sudan Gaafar Nimeiry to expel the group. This was further complicated by the interest of new Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi in the Chadian conflict. Obsessed with the vision of creating a band of Sahelian nations that were both Muslim and culturally Arab, Gaddafi made an offer to Nimeiry to merge their two countries in 1971. However, Gaddafi was disillusioned with Nimeiry\'s Arab credentials after the Sudanese president signed the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement, ending the First Sudanese Civil War with the south. Libya claimed the Aouzou Strip, began supporting the FROLINAT against the black Christian Tombalbaye, and supporting Arab supremacist militants to achieve his goals by force, including the Islamic Legion and Tajammu al-Arabi in Darfur, which claimed the province to have an \"Arab\" nature. Nimeiry, concerned by the warm welcome Gaddafi had given to al-Mahdi, his exiled opposition, began to encourage the fragile administration of Félix Malloum, the new Chadian president after Tombalbaye\'s 1975 assassination. In retaliation, Gaddafi sent a 1,200-man force across the desert to assault Khartoum directly. The Libyan force was barely defeated after three days of house to house fighting and Nimeiry chose to support the most anti-Libyan of the various Chadian leaders, Hissène Habré, giving his Armed Forces of the North sanctuary in Darfur. All of these external events buffeted the traditional structure of Darfuri society. Tribes that had seen themselves in local terms were asked to declare if they were \"progressive, revolutionary Arabs\" or \"reactionary, anti-Arab Africans\". The Khartoum government, rather than trying to calm these new ethnic tensions, instead exacerbated them when it seemed useful in the Sudan-Libya-Chad struggle.
## Civil wars {#civil_wars}
### Increasing shortage of arable land {#increasing_shortage_of_arable_land}
In 1979, Nimeiry appointed a provincial governor to Darfur who was not from the local population. The appointment of a Nile Valley *awlad al-beled*, chosen to oversee the support to Habré, sparked riots by Darfuri across Sudan in which three students were killed. Nimeiry relented due to fears that his anti-Libyan bases were being jeopardized.
A major factor in the intensification of the conflict was control over the shrinking supply of arable land. In a longer term cycle, the gradual reduction in annual precipitation, coupled with a growing population, had begun a cycle in which increased use of arable land along the southern edge of the Sahara increased the rate of desertification, which in turn increased the use of the remaining arable land. Drought from the mid-1970s to early 1980s led to massive immigration from northern Darfur and Chad into the central farming belt. In 1983 and 1984, the rains failed. When the Government of Suadan ignored warnings of critical crop failure because they feared it would affect the administration\'s image abroad, the Governor of the Fur-dominated administration in Darfur resigned in protest. The region was plunged into a horrific famine. When 60,000--80,000 Darfuris walked across the country to Khartoum seeking food, the government declared them to be Chadian refugees and sent them by truck to Kordofan in \"Operation Glorious Return\", only for them walk back to Khartoum as there was no food in Kordofan. The famine killed an estimated 95,000 Darfuris out of a population of 3.1 million and it was clear that the deaths had been entirely preventable. Attempts by some commentators to attribute subsequent political instability solely to climate change have been firmly rebuffed. A scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center noted, \"The challenge is to avoid over-simplistic or deterministic formulations that equate climate change inexorably with genocide or terrorism, as some less careful commentators have done.\"
### Second Sudanese Civil War in 1983 {#second_sudanese_civil_war_in_1983}
Political and economic discontent against Nimeiry had been growing for several years leading to him being overthrown on 5 April 1985. Sadiq al-Mahdi came out of exile, making a deal with Gaddafi -- which he had no intention of honoring -- that he would turn over Darfur to Libya if he was supplied with the funds to win the upcoming elections.
Nimeiry had been heavily supported by the United States and the military junta that had taken power moved quickly to discontinue pro-American policies. Beginning in August 1985, Libya began sending military/humanitarian convoys from Benghazi, including an 800-strong military force that set up base in Al-Fashir and began arming the local Baggara tribes, whom Gaddafi considered to be his local Arab allies. By the time of the 1986 United States bombing of Libya, Libya was providing key logistical and air support to Sudanese offensives against the Sudan People\'s Liberation Army in southern Sudan. Meanwhile, the famine had severely upset the structure of Darfuri society. The farmers had claimed every available bit of land to farm or forage for food, closing off the traditional routes used by the herders. The herders, faced with watching their animals die of starvation in the desiccated landscape, tried to force the routes south open, attacking farmers who tried to block their path. Small arms were plentiful in Darfur from the various neighboring conflicts and stories spread of herders raiding farming villages for all of their animals or villagers who had armed themselves in self-defense. To Darfuris facing starvation, the concept of African versus Arab began to have explanatory power. Amongst some stationary Africans, the idea that uncaring Arabs in Khartoum had let the famine happen and then Darfuri Arabs armed by their Libyan allies had attacked African farmers began to gain credence. Similarly, semi-nomadic Darfuri Arabs began to seriously consider that Africans had vindictively tried to punish them for the famine by trying to keep them from pastureland and that perhaps the difference between *awlad al-beled* and *awlad al-gharb* was not as great as between Arab and *zurga*.
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| Region | Total\ | Total\ | Effective\ | Development\ |
| | expenditure\ | revenue\ | subsidy\ | expenditure\ |
| | per capita | per capita | per capita | per capita |
+===============+==============+============+============+==============+
| North | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| Central | 104.0 | 134.1 | 16.8 | 245.5 |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| *Khartoum* | *161.5* | *213.7* | *13.3* | *532.9* |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| *Central ex.\ | *60.6* | *70.9* | *23.8* | *35.5* |
| Khartoum* | | | | |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| East | 73.7 | 98.4 | 1.6 | 79.5 |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| West | 44.1 | 43.9 | 43.3 | 17.0 |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| ***Darfur*** | ***40.6*** | ***41.5*** | ***35.1*** | ***17.2*** |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
| *Kordofan* | *49.9* | *47.6* | *57.5* | *15.5* |
+---------------+--------------+------------+------------+--------------+
: Regional revenue and expenditure,\
1996-2000 averages (% of value for North)
In December 1991, a Sudan People\'s Liberation Army force that included Darfuri Daud Bolad entered Darfur in the hopes of spreading the southern rebellion to the West. Before Bolad\'s force could reach the Marrah Mountains they were attacked by a combined force of regular army and Beni Halba militia mounted on horses. Dozens of Fur villages that had not resisted the SPLA force were burned in reprisal.
In 1994, Darfur was divided into three federal states within Sudan: Northern (*Shamal*), Southern (*Janub*), and Western (*Gharb*) Darfur. Northern Darfur\'s capital is Al Fashir; Southern Darfur\'s is Nyala; and West Darfur\'s is Geneina. The division was the idea of Ali al Haj, Minister of Federal Affairs, who hoped that by dividing the Fur so they did not form a majority in any state that it would allow Islamist candidates to be elected.
### Fighting in West Darfur in 1998 {#fighting_in_west_darfur_in_1998}
According to Human Rights Watch, hostilities broke out in West Darfur in 1998. The 1998 clashes, were relatively minor, but more than 5,000 Masalit were displaced. Clashes resumed in 1999 when nomadic herdsmen again moved south earlier than usual.
The 1999 clashes were deadlier, with hundreds killed, including a number of Arab tribal chiefs. The government brought in military forces in an attempt to quell the violence and took direct control of security. A reconciliation conference held in 1999 agreed on compensation. Many Masalit intellectuals and notables were arrested, imprisoned, and tortured in the towns as government-supported Arab militias began to attack Masalit villages; a number of Arab chiefs and civilians were also killed in these clashes.
In 2000, a clandestine group consisting mostly of Darfuris published the *Black Book*, a dissident manuscript detailing the domination of the north and the impoverishment of the other regions. It was widely discussed, despite attempts to censor it, and many of the writers went on to help found the rebel Justice and Equality Movement.
## War in Darfur from 2003 {#war_in_darfur_from_2003}
The region became the scene of a rebellion in 2003 against the Arab-dominated Sudanese government, with two local rebel groups -- the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA) -- accusing the government of oppressing non-Arabs in favor of Arabs. The government was also accused of neglecting the Darfur region of Sudan. In response, the government mounted a campaign of aerial bombardment supporting ground attacks by an Arab militia, the Janjaweed. The government-supported Janjaweed were accused of committing major human rights violations, including mass killing, looting, and systematic rape of the non-Arab population of Darfur. They have frequently burned down whole villages, driving the surviving inhabitants to flee to refugee camps, mainly in Darfur and Chad; many of the camps in Darfur are surrounded by Janjaweed forces. By the summer of 2004, 50,000 to 80,000 people had been killed and at least a million had been driven from their homes, causing a major humanitarian crisis in the region.
On September 18, 2004, the UN Security Council passed Resolution 1564, which called for a Commission of Inquiry on Darfur to assess the Sudanese conflict. On January 31, 2005, the UN released a 176-Page report saying that while there were mass murders and rapes, they could not label it as genocide because \"genocidal intent appears to be missing\". Many activists, however, refer to the crisis in Darfur as a genocide, including the Save Darfur Coalition and the Genocide Intervention Network. These organizations point to statements by former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell, referring to the conflict as a genocide. Other activists organizations, such as Amnesty International, while calling for international intervention, avoid the use of the term genocide.
In May 2006 the main rebel group, the Sudanese Liberation Movement, agreed to a draft peace agreement with the Sudanese government. On May 5, both sides signed the agreement, which was drafted in Abuja, Nigeria.
SaveDarfur.org claims that as of May 2007, up to 400,000 Darfurians have died as a result of this conflict.
On 31 August 2020, a peace agreement was signed between the Sudanese authorities and rebel factions to end armed hostilities. However, major clashes occurred in December 2020 and January 2021.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,844 |
Zachary Philip Fonnereau
|
**Zachary Philip Fonnereau** (31 January 1706 -- 15 August 1778) was a British businessman and politician.
## Early life {#early_life}
Fonnereau was born in London on 31 January 1706, the fourth son of Claude Fonnereau of Christchurch Mansion, Ipswich, a London merchant of Huguenot extraction.
## Career
Fonnereau played a prominent role in financing the Seven Years\' War, and served as a director of the East India Company in 1753 and 1754.
He was returned as the Member of Parliament for Aldeburgh at the 1747 election on the interest of his brother, Thomas Fonnereau, who had developed an independent interest in the borough at the expense of the Government (which had formerly controlled it by patronage). However, Zachary consistently voted in support of Government when in Parliament.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
By his marriage to Margaret Martyn, he left five children, two of whom also served as Members of Parliament for Aldeburgh:
- Philip Fonnereau (1739--1797), MP for Aldeburgh from 1761 to 1768 who married Mary Parker, a daughter of Armstead Parker, MP for Peterborough.
- Martyn Fonnereau (1741--1817), MP for Aldeburgh from 1779 to 1784
- Charlotte Fonnereau (1742--1806)
- Fanny Fonnereau (1744--1827), who married George Stainforth Jr., in 1777 at Cornhill, died childless
- Thomas Fonnereau (1746--1788), who married Harriet Hanson in 1786 and left children, including the author and artist Thomas George Fonnereau
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,851 |
Turning radius
|
The **turning radius** (alternatively, **turning diameter** or **turning circle**) of a vehicle defines the minimum dimension (typically the radius or diameter) of available space required for that vehicle to make a semi-circular U-turn without skidding. The Oxford English Dictionary describes turning circle as \"the smallest circle within which a ship, motor vehicle, etc., can be turned round completely\". The term thus refers to a theoretical minimal circle in which for example an aeroplane, a ground vehicle or a watercraft can be turned around.
The terms (*radius*, *diameter*, or *circle*) can have different meanings; refer to the `{{slink||Alternative nomenclature}}`{=mediawiki} section.
## Definition
On wheeled vehicles with the common type of front wheel steering (i.e. one, two or even four wheels at the front capable of steering), the vehicle\'s *turning diameter* measures the minimum space needed to turn the vehicle around while the steering is set to its maximum displacement from the central \'straight ahead\' position - i.e. either extreme left or right. If a marker pen was placed on the point of the vehicle furthest from the center of the turn, the diameter of the circle traced during the turn defines the value of that vehicle\'s turning diameter. Mathematically, the *turning radius* would be half of the turning diameter.
The curb-to-curb turning radius, which considers the chassis and wheels only without body protrusions, can be expressed as a simplified function of the wheelbase, tire width, and steering angle:
$$turning\ radius = \frac{wheelbase}{\sin{\left ( steering\ angle \right )}} + \frac{tire\ width}{2}$$
Aircraft have a similar minimum turning circle concept, generally associated with a standard rate turn, in which an aircraft enters a coordinated turn which changes its heading at a rate of 3° per second, or 180° in one minute. In this case, the turning radius depends on the true airspeed $v_t$ (in knots) as:
$$turning\ radius = \frac{v_t}{60 \pi}$$
Turning diameter is sometimes used in everyday language as a generalized term rather than with numerical figures. For example, a wheeled vehicle with a very small turning circle may be described as having a \"tight turning radius\", meaning that it is easier to turn around very tight corners. Wheeled vehicles with four-wheel steering will have a smaller turning radius than vehicles that steer wheels on one axle.
### Exceptions
Technically, the minimum possible turning circle for a vehicle would be where it does not move either forwards or backwards while turning and simply pivots on its central axis. For a rectangular vehicle capable of doing this, the smallest turning circle would be equal to the diagonal length of the vehicle. As an example, some boats can be turned in this way, generally by using azimuth thrusters.
Some wheeled vehicles are designed to spin around their central axis by making all wheels steerable, such as certain lawnmowers and wheelchairs as they do not follow a circular path as they turn. In this case the vehicle is referred to as a \"zero turning radius\" vehicle. Some camera dollies used in the film industry have a \"round\" mode which allows them to spin around their z axis by allowing synchronized inverse rotation of their left and right wheel sets, effectively giving them \"zero\" turning radius.
Many conventionally steerable vehicles (only one axle with steerable wheels) can reverse the direction of travel in a space smaller than the stated turning radius by executing a specialized maneuver, such as a J-turn or similar skid, or in a discontinuous motion such as a three-point turn.
## Alternative nomenclature {#alternative_nomenclature}
thumb\|upright=1.5\|Turning radius $r$ and turning diameter $d$ of a passenger car: The wall-to-wall turning circle is shown at the top and takes the vehicle front overhang into consideration, while the curb-to-curb turning circle is shown at the bottom. Other terms are sometimes used synonymously for turning diameter, which can lead to confusion.
### Turning radius and diameter {#turning_radius_and_diameter}
The automotive term *turning radius* has been used as equivalent and interchangeable with the *turning diameter*. For example, the 2017 Audi A4 is specified by the manufacturer as having a turning diameter (curb-to-curb) of 11.6 m. Mathematically, the radius of a circle is half the diameter, so the correct turning radius in this example would be `{{sfrac|11.6 m|2}}`{=mediawiki} = {{#expr:11.6/2 round 1}} m. However, another source lists the turning radius of the same vehicle as also being 11.6 m, which is the turning diameter.
In practice, the values of turning diameter tend to be listed more frequently in vehicle specifications, so the term turning diameter will therefore be more correct in most cases. The turning diameter will always give a higher number for a given vehicle, and the turning diameter measurement is usually preferred by automotive manufacturers. Such mixing of terms can lead to confusion among consumers.
### Turning circle {#turning_circle}
The term *turning circle* is another term also sometimes used synonymously for the turning diameter. Some argue that turning circle is less ambiguous than turning radius, but \"turning circle\" may introduce its own ambiguities since the same circle can be defined by multiple measurements, including the radius $r$, diameter ($d = 2 \cdot r$, twice as big), or circumference ($2 \pi r$, about 6.28 times as big). For example, *Motor Trend* refers to a \"curb-to-curb turning circle\" of a 2008 Cadillac CTS as 35.5 ft, but the terminology is not yet settled. AutoChannel.com refers to the \"turning radius\" of the same car as 35.5 ft.
Turning circle is also sometimes used to refer to the path swept in the manoeuvre, i.e. the arc, or the circle\'s circumference in the case when the manoeuvre makes a complete turn.
## Different measurement methods {#different_measurement_methods}
There are two methods for measuring the vehicle turning diameter which will give slightly different results. These two methods are called **wall-to-wall** and **curb-to-curb** (US spelling), or alternatively **kerb-to-kerb** (UK spelling).
The wall-to-wall turning circle is the minimum distance between two walls, both of which exceed the height of the vehicle, in which the vehicle can make a U-turn. The kerb-to-kerb turning circle is the minimum distance between two raised curbs, both of which are lower than the lowest body protrusions, in which the vehicle can make a U-turn. The wall-to-wall turning circle is greater than the kerb-to-kerb measure for the same vehicle because of the front and rear body overhangs. One can find these two ways of measuring the turning circle used in auto specifications, for example, a van might be listed as having a turning circle (in meters) of 12.1 (C) / 12.4 (W).
### Curb-to-curb {#curb_to_curb}
A **curb** or **curb-to-curb** turning circle will show the straight-line distance from one side of the circle to the other, through the center. The name \"curb-to-curb\" indicates that a street would have to be this wide before this car can make a U-turn and not hit a street curb with a wheel. If you took the street curb and built it higher, as high as the car, and tried to make a U-turn in the street, parts of the car (bumper) would hit the wall.
The kerb-to-kerb turning circle can be smaller than the turning circle as it refers to only a partial circle (\~180°) with the vehicle alongside one kerb to start with. To perform a U turn in a forward direction only, the centre of the turn is not coincident with the centre of the road - thus a complete circle would not be possible (without driving onto the pavement to complete the manoeuvre). It also does not take into account that part of the vehicle that overhangs the wheels where as \'turning circle\' does.
### Wall-to-wall {#wall_to_wall}
The name **wall** or **wall-to-wall** turning circle denotes how far apart the two walls would have to be to allow a U-turn without scraping the walls.
## Legal requirements for road vehicles {#legal_requirements_for_road_vehicles}
European Union and Switzerland
Road vehicles must be able to carry out a 360 degrees turn on an annulus with an outer radius of 12.5 m and an inner radius of 5.3 m, measured wall-to-wall. In addition, when entering this annulus, no part of the vehicle can overreach a tangent by more than 80 cm; this tangent is drawn at the outer, 12.5 m limit of the annulus.
New Zealand
New Zealand requires that road vehicles can perform a 360 degrees turn on a circle with a 25 m diameter, measured wall-to-wall. The only part of the vehicle that may reach over this limitation are collapsible mirrors.
## Common uses {#common_uses}
- Aeroplanes
- Watercraft
- Wheeled vehicles
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,873 |
Green Jackets Brigade
|
The **Green Jackets Brigade** (known as **O Group** until 1948) was an administrative brigade of the British Army from 1946 to 1966, that administered the English rifle regiments.
## History
After the Second World War the British Army had fourteen infantry depots, each bearing a letter. **Infantry Depot O** at Upper Barracks, Winchester was the headquarters for the two rifle regiments and the Middlesex Regiment.
In 1948, the depots adopted names and this depot became the Green Jackets Brigade. At the same time the Middlesex Regiment was transferred to the Home Counties Brigade, with the remaining regiments each being reduced to a single battalion. The Brigade combined the depots of:
- The King\'s Royal Rifle Corps
- The Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort\'s Own)
Under the Defence Review announced in July 1957, the infantry of the line was reorganised, and on 1 April 1958, the 1st Battalion Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry was transferred from the Light Infantry Brigade to the Green Jackets Brigade. The regiment was subsequently renamed as the 1st Green Jackets (43rd and 52nd) on 7 November 1958. The remaining two regiments were also renamed as the 2nd and 3rd Green Jackets on 7 November, so that the Brigade contained three battalions:
- 1st Green Jackets (43rd and 52nd)
- 2nd Green Jackets, The King\'s Royal Rifle Corps
- 3rd Green Jackets, The Rifle Brigade
On 1 January 1966, the three regiments were amalgamated into a single three battalion \"large regiment\" called the Royal Green Jackets. In 1968, the Green Jackets Brigade was merged with the Light Infantry Brigade to form the Light Division.
## Units
Throughout its existence, the brigade was made up of the following units: `{{col-begin}}`{=mediawiki} \| style=\"text-align:left; width:50%; vertical-align:top;\"\|
### Regular battalions {#regular_battalions}
- 1st Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (1946--1948)
- 2nd Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (1946--1948)
- 1st Battalion, King\'s Royal Rifle Corps (1946--1966)
- 2nd Battalion, King\'s Royal Rifle Corps (1946--1948, 1950--1957)
- 1st Battalion, Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1946--1966)
- 2nd Battalion, Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1946--1948)
- 1st Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry (1958--1966)
- 1st Battalion, Royal Green Jackets (1966--1968)
- 2nd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets (1966--1968)
- 3rd Battalion, Royal Green Jackets (1966--1968)
\| style=\"text-align:left; width:50%; vertical-align:top;\"\|
### Territorial battalions {#territorial_battalions}
- 7th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (1947--1948)
- 8th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (1947)
- Queen Victoria\'s Rifles, King\'s Royal Rifle Corps (1947--1961)
- Queen\'s Westminsters, King\'s Royal Rifle Corps (1947--1961)
- Queen\'s Royal Rifles, King\'s Royal Rifle Corps (1961--1967)
- London Rifle Brigade, Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1947--1960)
- The Rangers, Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1947--1960)
- London Rifle Brigade/Rangers, Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1960--1967)
- City of London Yeomanry (Rough Riders), Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort\'s Own) (1956--1961)
- 4th Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry (1947--1958)
- Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry (TA) (1958--1967)
- 4th (V) Battalion, Royal Green Jackets (1967--1968)
- 5th (T) Battalion, Royal Green Jackets (1967--1968)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,874 |
Morris Air
|
**Morris Air** was a low-fare airline in the western United States, based in Salt Lake City, Utah. It began scheduled operations in 1992, and was sold to Southwest Airlines in December 1993 for over \$120 million in stock. The airline officially became part of Southwest in the autumn of 1994. Morris Air was the first airline in the world to invent e-ticket (ticketless) travel based on the suggestion of Stuart Thatcher, an employee at the time. Although Southwest Airlines is often credited with offering the first e-ticketing system, it was in fact created and implemented by Morris Air and later integrated into Southwest Airlines after Southwest purchased Morris Air.
## History
The airline began charter operations as Morris Air Service in 1984. It was launched by Utah businesswoman June Morris, who also founded Morris Travel in 1970, and David Neeleman who also co-founded WestJet and JetBlue. Neeleman worked with Southwest for a short period and when his non-compete agreement expired, he founded JetBlue Airways. June Morris sat on the board of directors of Southwest Airlines until she retired at the annual shareholders\' meeting on May 17, 2006.
Charter flights were operated by Ryan International Airlines during 1992, and by both Ryan International and Sierra Pacific Airlines with some flights being operated with Boeing 737-200 jets before 1992.
Morris obtained its own FAR 121 operating certificate in December 1992 and then began operating as its own carrier.
The airline was based at Salt Lake City International Airport where it operated a hub and flew many routes primarily in the western U.S. using Boeing 737-300 aircraft. In late 1993, it operated over 1,000 flights per week with a fleet of 21 planes.
## Destinations
The following destination information is taken from Morris Air route maps with the airline not serving all of these airports at the same time.
### Alaska
- Anchorage -- Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport
### Arizona
- Bullhead City -- Laughlin/Bullhead International Airport
- Phoenix -- Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport
- Tucson -- Tucson International Airport
### California
- Fresno -- Fresno Yosemite International Airport
- Los Angeles -- Los Angeles International Airport
- Oakland -- Oakland International Airport
- Ontario -- Ontario International Airport
- Palm Springs -- Palm Springs Airport
- Sacramento -- Sacramento International Airport
- San Diego -- San Diego International Airport
- San Jose -- San Jose Mineta International Airport
- Santa Ana -- John Wayne Airport
### Colorado
- Colorado Springs -- Colorado Springs Airport
- Denver -- Stapleton International Airport
### Florida
- Orlando -- Orlando International Airport (*seasonal*)
### Hawaii
- Honolulu -- Daniel K. Inouye International Airport (*seasonal*)`{{snds}}`{=mediawiki}flights to and from Hawaii operated on behalf of Morris Air by American Trans Air (ATA)
### Idaho
- Boise -- Boise Airport
- Twin Falls -- Magic Valley Regional Airport
### Nevada
- Las Vegas -- McCarran International Airport
- Reno -- Reno--Tahoe International Airport
### Oregon
- Eugene -- Eugene Airport
- Portland -- Portland International Airport
### Utah
- Salt Lake City -- Salt Lake City International Airport
### Washington
- Seattle -- Seattle--Tacoma International Airport
- Spokane -- Spokane International Airport
### Mexico (seasonal) {#mexico_seasonal}
- Cancún -- Cancún International Airport
- Cabo San Lucas -- Los Cabos International Airport
- Mazatlan -- Mazatlán International Airport
- Manzanillo -- Playa de Oro International Airport
- Puerto Vallarta -- Licenciado Gustavo Díaz Ordaz International Airport
## Fleet
- 21 - Boeing 737-300
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,875 |
Sean Clancy (footballer)
|
**Sean Thomas Clancy** (born 16 September 1987) is an English footballer who plays as either a left back or left midfielder. He is the brother of model Abbey Clancy, who is married to fellow footballer Peter Crouch.
## Career
### Blackpool
Born in Liverpool, Merseyside, he made his professional debut for Blackpool whilst still in secondary school at the age of 16. After playing two first team League 1 matches for Blackpool he left the club in 2006.
### Southport
Following his departure from Blackpool, Clancy joined non-league outfit Southport in 2006 where he lasted just one season and played 11 league matches for the club.
### Altrincham
Clancy briefly joined Altrincham in 2007 but only played 4 league matches before signing for Burscough.
### Burscough
Clancy played for Burscough from 2007 to 2009 and enjoyed his most regular spell of first team matches having played 57 league matches and scoring one goal.
### Fleetwood Town {#fleetwood_town}
In 2009, he signed for Fleetwood Town. He was included in the Conference North team of the season after scoring 18 goals from midfield in season 2009--10 while helping Fleetwood to win promotion to the Conference National via winning the play-off final at Fleetwood\'s own Highbury Stadium. After promotion Clancy was a regular for the club helping them achieve a play-off spot in their first season in the new league and achieving promotion to League Two. On 16 March 2012, Fleetwood Town announced that Clancy had joined Conference North side F.C. Halifax Town on loan until the end of the season. He was released by the club in May 2012.
### Chester
In June 2012 he joined Chester, despite having offers from clubs at Conference Premier level.
### Kidderminster Harriers {#kidderminster_harriers}
On 20 December 2012, Kidderminster Harriers signed Clancy on a non-contract deal following his exit from Conference North leaders Chester. He was released on 5 February 2013 after spending 6 weeks at the club.
### Southport {#southport_1}
Following his release from Kidderminster Harriers Clancy rejoined Southport on 23 February for the remainder of the season with a view to add a contract extension.
### AFC Telford United {#afc_telford_united}
On 3 May 2013 it was announced that Clancy would join AFC Telford United, on the same day as his former Southport boss Watson joined the club. On 26 April 2014 he won promotion to the Conference Premier with Telford after they clinched the Conference North title in the final game of the season. He was released in May 2016.
## International career {#international_career}
Clancy has been included in two international squad lists. He missed the first due to personal circumstances but was called up a second time, making his debut for England C in the Challenge Trophy Final match against Portugal on 19 May 2011.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,882 |
Willi Holdorf
|
**Willi Holdorf** (`{{IPA|de|ˈvɪli ˈhɔlˌdɔʁf|-|De-Willi Holdorf.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}; 17 February 1940 -- 5 July 2020) was a West German athlete.
## Career
In 1964 he won the first Olympic medal for Germany in decathlon and was named German Sportspersonality of the Year. In 1997, he became a member of the German Olympic Committee, and in 2011 inducted into the German Sports Hall of Fame.
Holdorf was the German champion in 1961 and 1963 in decathlon, and in 1962 in the 200 m hurdles. He placed fifth in decathlon at the European Championships in 1962 and 1964. He was trained as a high-voltage electrician, but later worked as a sporting goods representative and a coach, both in athletics and football. He coached Olympic pole vaulter Claus Schiprowski, Reinhard Kuretzky and Günther Nickel, and later managed German Bundesliga side SC Fortuna Köln in football, where he could not avoid relegation. At the Bobsleigh European Championships 1973 he was runner up in the two men competition.
Holdorf was the father of Dirk Holdorf, a former professional football player.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,883 |
Bill Erwin
|
**William Lindsey Erwin** (December 2, 1914 -- December 29, 2010) was an American film, stage and television actor with over 250 television and film credits. A veteran character actor, he is widely known for his 1993 Emmy Award-nominated performance on *Seinfeld*, portraying the embittered, irascible retiree Sid Fields. He also made notable appearances on shows such as *I Love Lucy* and *Star Trek: The Next Generation*. In cinema, his most recognized role is that of Arthur Biehl, a kindly bellman at the Grand Hotel, in *Somewhere in Time* (1980).
Erwin was a self-taught cartoonist, published in *The New Yorker*, *Playboy*, and *Los Angeles*. He won a Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award, four Drama-Logue Awards, Gilmore Brown Award for Career Achievement, Pacific Pioneer Broadcasters\' Diamond Circle Award, and Distinguished Alumnus Award from Angelo State University.
## Early life {#early_life}
Erwin was born William Lindsey Erwin on December 2, 1914, in Honey Grove, Texas. He earned a bachelor\'s degree in journalism from the University of Texas at Austin and a master\'s in theater arts from California\'s Pasadena Playhouse. Erwin later served as a captain in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II.
## Career
### Stage
Erwin acted in productions at the Pasadena Playhouse, the Laguna Beach Playhouse, the La Jolla Playhouse, and other venues in the Los Angeles area.
### Film
In the late 1950s, Erwin was in such films as *Man from Del Rio* (1956) and *The Night Runner* (1957), before playing Jack Nicholson\'s father in *The Cry Baby Killer*, Nicholson\'s first starring role in 1958. The long out-of-print film was released on DVD on November 22, 2006. He had credited small roles in films such as *The Christine Jorgensen Story* (1970), *How Awful About Allan* (1970), *Candy Stripe Nurses* (1974) and *Tarantulas: The Deadly Cargo* (1977), before he co-starred alongside Christopher Reeve and Jane Seymour in the romantic fantasy *Somewhere in Time* (1980) as Arthur Biehl, the Grand Hotel\'s venerable bellman, and attended annual reunions of cast, crew, and fans of the cult classic at the Grand Hotel on Mackinac Island, Michigan.
Erwin also appeared in numerous films by John Hughes, with cameos in *Planes, Trains and Automobiles* (1987), *She\'s Having a Baby* (1988), *Home Alone* (1990) and *Dennis the Menace* (1993). In the latter two films, Hughes paired him with Billie Bird playing his wife. His later film career included roles in *Invitation to Hell* (1984), *The Land Before Time* (1988), *Naked Gun `{{frac|33|1|3}}`{=mediawiki}: The Final Insult* (1994), *Things to Do in Denver When You\'re Dead* (1995), *Menno\'s Mind* (1997), *Chairman of the Board* (1998), *Forces of Nature* (1999), *Inferno* (1999) and *A Crack in the Floor* (2001).
### Television
Erwin\'s television credits were far more numerous in the 1950s, having appeared in such television series as *I Love Lucy*, *Crusader*, *Trackdown*, *Colgate Theatre*, *Perry Mason* and *The Rifleman*. In the 1960s, Erwin appeared in television series such as: *The Andy Griffith Show*, *Mister Ed*, *Maverick*, *The Twilight Zone*, *87th Precinct*, *My Three Sons*, *The Fugitive*, *Leave It to Beaver* and *Mannix*. He played the Jury Foreman in *The Wild Wild West* (1967) S3 E12 \"The Night of the Legion of Death\".
In the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, he appeared in *Barnaby Jones*, *Cannon*, *Gunsmoke*, *Married\... with Children*, *E/R*, *The Optimist*, *Highway to Heaven*, *Who\'s the Boss?*, *Growing Pains*, *Full House*, *The Golden Girls*, *Moonlighting*, *Star Trek: The Next Generation*, *Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman* and *The Drew Carey Show*.
Erwin also guest-starred in the *Seinfeld* episode (\"The Old Man\"), for which he received an Emmy Award nomination for outstanding guest actor in a comedy series, he played Sid Fields, who participates in the Foster-A-Grandpa Program, which pairs him with Jerry Seinfeld. Erwin\'s crotchety, aggressive, foul-mouthed character ensures that the relationship is doomed from the beginning. Erwin later reunited with Michael Richards when he guest-starred on the short-lived *The Michael Richards Show*. In the 2000s, Erwin appeared on *Monk*, *The West Wing*, *The King of Queens*, *Everwood* and *My Name Is Earl.*
### Other media {#other_media}
After Erwin began his theatrical career with the Laguna Beach and La Jolla playhouses in 1940, he worked as ventriloquist Edgar Bergen\'s stage manager for Bergen\'s 1941 tour of the country.
Due to his resemblance to William Gaines, Sam Viviano redid Erwin\'s character as Gaines in the *MAD* Magazine spoof of *Home Alone* where the married couple sells their ticket to Kate McAllister.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Erwin was married to actress and journalist Fran MacLachlan Erwin from 1948 to her death in 1995. They lived in the Hollywood Hills and had four children.
## Death
Erwin died from natural causes at his home in Studio City, California on December 29, 2010, aged 96.
## Filmography
### Film {#film_1}
Film
------
Year
1941
1948
1949
1951
1952
1956
1957
1958
1962
1963
1964
1968
1970
1974
1977
1980
1981
1983
1984
1986
1987
1988
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
### Television {#television_1}
Television
------------
Year
1950
1950--1951
1951
1952
1954
1955
1955--1956
1956
1956--1957
1956--1959
1957
1957--1958
1957--1959
1957--1961
1957--1974
1958
1958--1959
1958--1960
1958--1964
1959
1959--1963
1959--1966
1960
1960--1961
1960--1962
1961
1961--1965
1962
1962--1964
1963
1963--1967
1964
1965
1966
1966--1971
1967
1969
1970
1970--1971
1971--1974
1973
1974--1981
1975
1977
1979
1981
1982
1983
1984
1984--1987
1985
1986--1987
1986--1991
1987
1988
1988--1990
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1997
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2006
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,892 |
Ain't No Cure for Love
|
\"**Ain\'t No Cure for Love**\" is a song written by the Canadian singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen.
It was first released by the American singer Jennifer Warnes on her 1987 Leonard Cohen tribute album *Famous Blue Raincoat* and subsequently appeared as the second track on Cohen\'s 1988 studio album *I\'m Your Man*.
## Theme and lyrics {#theme_and_lyrics}
As its title suggests, the theme of the song is a common and traditional one for a love song. However, the lyrics of Warnes\' and Cohen\'s recorded versions of the song are significantly different from one another. At the length of 3:22, compared to Cohen\'s 4:50, Warnes\' 1987 recording contains five verses, compared to Cohen\'s six, only the first two of which it shares with Cohen\'s recording of 1988.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,898 |
1715 Treasure Fleet
|
upright=.8\|thumb\|right\|8 reales Mexican silver cob, full date 1715, recovered from the 1715 fleet upright=.8\|thumb\|right\|Rare 8 escudos lima dated 1710, recovered from the 1715 Fleet
The **1715 Treasure Fleet** was actually a combination of two Spanish treasure fleets returning from the New World to Spain, the \"Nueva España Fleet\", under Captain-General Don Juan Esteban de Ubilla, and the \"Tierra Firme Fleet\", under Don Antonio de Echeverz y Zubiza. At two in the morning on Wednesday, July 31, 1715, seven days after departing from Havana, Cuba, all eleven ships of the fleet were lost in a hurricane along the east coast of Florida. A 12th ship, the French frigate *Le Grifon*, had sailed with the fleet. Its captain was unfamiliar with the Florida coastline and elected to stay further out to sea. *Le Grifon* safely returned to Europe.
Because the fleet was carrying silver, it is also known as the **1715 Plate Fleet** (*plata* being the Spanish word for silver). Some artifacts and even coins still wash up on Florida beaches from time to time.`{{not verified in body|date=February 2015}}`{=mediawiki} According to Cuban records, around 1,500 sailors perished while a small number survived in lifeboats. Many ships, including pirates, took part in the initial salvage. Initially a privateer, Henry Jennings was first accused of piracy for attacking such salvage ships and claiming their salvages.`{{not verified in body|date=February 2015}}`{=mediawiki} By the end of August, relief ships from Havana arrived at the site of the sunken fleet. After Urca de Lima\'s cargo was salvaged, she was burned down to the waterline to hide her position from pirates and privateers of other nations, who had become aware of the sunken treasure fleet as well. In December, the pirates Henry Jennings and Charles Vane captured a Spanish mail ship and got the exact position of the main Spanish salvage camp and Urca de Lima from her captain, Pedro de la Vega. They surprised the camp with a superior force and Salmón had no choice but to surrender the rest of the salvaged treasure that still remained in the camp. The pirates made off with about £87,500 of gold and silver.
## Exhibits and preserves {#exhibits_and_preserves}
upright=.8\|thumb\|left\|Historical marker designating the site of the Survivors\' and Salvagers\' Camp - 1715 Fleet
Treasure hunter Kip Wagner found the first of the fleet\'s treasure in 1961, and continued searching throughout the remaining decade, eventually finding millions of dollars worth of gold, silver, and other artifacts. He and his team built an exhibit held at National Geographic \"Explorers Hall\" in Washington, D.C. that was featured in the January 1965 issue of *National Geographic*. This was the beginning of a fine collection of 1715 plate fleet treasure that brought hundreds of visitors from around the world. Wagner published his book *Pieces of Eight* (Recovering The Riches Of A Lost Spanish Fleet) in 1966. This is a detailed account of the finding and exploration of many of these shipwrecks along Florida\'s \"Treasure Coast\". An exhibit was set up with a grand opening on May 1, 1967, at the First National Bank of Satellite Beach, Florida.
In 1987, another ship in the fleet, the *Urca de Lima*, became the first shipwreck in the Florida Underwater Archaeological Preserves.
Mel Fisher\'s company, Mel Fisher\'s Treasures, sold the rights to the 1715 Fleet shipwreck to 1715 Fleet-Queens Jewels, LLC.
On July 31, 2015(the 300th Anniversary of the sinking), 1715 Fleet - Queens Jewels, LLC and their founder Brent Brisben discovered \$4.5 million in gold coins off the coast of Vero Beach, Florida; the coins come from the 1715 Fleet shipwreck site known as the Corrigans wreck.During a previous 2015 find from the Douglass Beach wreck, 101 coins were recovered of which 50 were stolen by the Schmitt family(subcontractors to 1715 Fleet-Queens Jewels, LLC). In 2024, 37 of the coins were recovered by law enforcement and turned over to the Court.
## List of identified ships {#list_of_identified_ships}
- *Urca de Lima* (*Santissima Trinidad*)
- former HMS *Hampton Court* (*Nuestra Señora del Carmen y San Antonio*)
- *Santo Cristo de San Roman*
- *Nuestra Señora de las Nieves*
- *Nuestra Señora del Rosario y San Francisco Xavier*
- *Nuestra Señora del Carmen y San Antonio*
- *Nuestra Señora de Regla*
- *Nuestra Señora de la Popa* (*La Holandesa*)
New evidence (see Jorge Proctor, 2021) shows that the Douglass Beach Wreck, long believed to be the *Nuestra Señora de las Nieves*, is in fact the *Santa Rita y Las Animas*, bought by Ubilla in Cuba and renamed *Nuestra Señora de Regla*, like his flagship.
## In popular culture {#in_popular_culture}
In the 2008 movie *Fool\'s Gold*, the protagonists are searching for the location of one of the sunken ships of the treasure fleet (along with its treasure).
The treasure fleet was used as the backdrop for a scene in the video game *Assassin\'s Creed IV: Black Flag*. The main character, Edward Kenway, is aboard one of the ships in the fleet as a prisoner, and manages to escape with the help of his future quartermaster, Adéwalé, recruiting other captive pirates as a crew. The pirates eventually manage to escape the fleet and the hurricane by stealing the twelfth ship, the brig *El Dorado*, which Edward keeps and renames the *Jackdaw*, becoming the player\'s ship for the rest of the game. Edward later makes reference to the event when Blackbeard inquires as to how he got the Jackdaw, and the latter then suggests visiting the site to salvage some of the lost treasure.
In the 1977 movie *The Deep* \"David Sanders (Nick Nolte) and his British girlfriend Gail Berke (Jacqueline Bisset) recover a number of artifacts (from a diving expedition off the coast of Bermuda, homeland of Captain Henry Jennings), including an ampule of amber-colored liquid and a medallion bearing the image of a woman and the letters \'S.C.O.P.N\' (an abbreviation of the Latin \'Santa Clara Ora Pro Nobis\' that translates to English as \'Saint Clara Pray For Us\') and a date, 1714. St. David\'s Lighthouse keeper and treasure-hunter Romer Treece (Robert Shaw), believes the medallion had come from the wreckage of the surviving twelfth ship \[of the 1715 Treasure Fleet\], thought to be a French tobacco ship that was being protected by the 1715 Fleet and named *Grifon* (spelt \"El Grifón\" in Peter Benchley\'s novel *The Deep*). The ship was thought to be returning to Havana, Cuba for repairs but instead sank off the coast of Bermuda.
The plot of the Starz show *Black Sails* revolves heavily around the 1715 Treasure Fleet in its first season. The largest of the ships, the *Urca de Lima*, is wrecked during the hurricane off the coast of Florida, carrying five million Spanish dollars\' worth in gold, silver and other precious materials, pursued by Captain Flint and his crew. The treasure, colloquially referred to as \"the Urca gold\", is an important plot device throughout the series.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,899 |
Hugh James Arbuthnott
|
**Hugh James Arbuthnott**, CMG (born 27 December 1936) is a retired British diplomat.
Son of James Gordon Arbuthnott and Margaret Georgiana, née Hyde. Married to Vanessa Rose Dyer, has three sons, Dominic Hugh, Justin Edward James (died 1989), and Giles Sebastian.
Educated at Ampleforth College and New College, Oxford, Arbuthnott was also a 2nd Lieutenant in Black Watch. He then joined HM Foreign (subsequently Diplomatic) Service during the years of 1960--96. Arbuthnott then served as the Head of European Integration Department (External), FCO, from 1974 to 1978. As well, Arbuthnott served in Paris as Counsellor (Agricultural & Economic), and then as Head of Chancery 1978--83.
Between 1986 and 1989, he was HM Ambassador to Romania. As Ambassador, in 1989, he attempted to personally send a letter to the dissident Doina Cornea at her home in the Transylvanian city of Cluj-Napoca. Securitate officers prevented him to do this, \"pushing and manhandling\" him, a behaviour that Britain described as \"outrageous\". The official response of the Romanian authorities was that Hugh Arbuthnott \"infringed traffic regulations\" and that Cornea\'s activities were an internal matter of Romania.
Between 1989 and 1993 he was the Ambassador to Portugal and between 1993 and 1996 to Denmark.
He is a coauthor of
## Honours
- Order of St Michael and St George, 1983
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,908 |
Weesp railway station
|
**Weesp** **station** is a railway station in Weesp, Netherlands. The station has two island platforms and a total of six tracks, two of which are used for passing trains. The Schiphollijn, Flevolijn and Gooilijn meet at Weesp making it an important transfer station for passengers going between Amsterdam, Hilversum and Almere. The first station in Weesp opened on 10 June 1874, when the Gooilijn from Amsterdam to Hilversum and Amersfoort was completed. The original station was demolished in 1967 and replaced by a new building. The new building partially went out of service in 1985 because of the new railway line from Weesp to Almere and beyond, called the Flevolijn. The out-of-service part was later converted to a bicycle parking and repair shop. The remaining station is little more than a tunnel passing under the tracks, and a small coffee counter. Train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.
Since the opening of the Flevolijn, Weesp has been a major transfer station for passengers travelling from Amsterdam Central Station and Schiphol from the east, and suburbs such as Almere and Hilversum to the west. Due to this circumstance, Weesp features 16 departures per hour. Until 2003, also passagers travelling between Hilversum and Almere had to change at Weesp. In that year a new branch, the Gooiboog, was added to connect the line towards Almere with the line towards Naarden-Bussum railway station and Hilversum.
The traveling time from Weesp to Amsterdam Centraal by train is about 15 minutes. The distance between the two is about 15 kilometers.
## Train services {#train_services}
The following train services call at Weesp:
Route Service type Notes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- -------------
Hoofddorp - Schiphol Airport - Duivendrecht - Almere Oostvaarders Local (\"Sprinter\") 2x per hour
Amsterdam - Almere - Lelystad - Zwolle Local (\"Sprinter\") 2x per hour
The Hague - Leiden - Hoofddorp - Schiphol Airport - Duivendrecht - Hilversum - Utrecht Local (\"Sprinter\") 2x per hour
Hoofddorp - Schiphol Airport - Amsterdam - Hilversum - Amersfoort Vathorst Local (\"Sprinter\") 2x per hour
## Bus services {#bus_services}
Line Route Operator Notes
------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
49 Amsterdam Bijlmer ArenA Station - Amsterdam Kraaiennest - Amsterdam Gaasperplas - Driemond - Weesp Station GVB Mon-Fri on daytime hours only.
106 Hilversum - Kortenhoef - Nederhorst den Nerg - Weesp Connexxion Mon-Sat only. Only runs between Nederhorst den Berg and Weesp on evenings and Saturdays.
110 Bussum - Naarden - Naarderbos - Muiderberg - Muiden - Weesp Connexxion
210 Bussum - Naarden - Naarderbos - Muiderberg - Muiden - Weesp Connexxion Rush hours only.
522 Weesp - Nigtevecht - Loenen aan de Vecht - Vreeland Syntus Utrecht Mon-Sat during daytime hours only.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,910 |
Fredric Hobbs
|
**Fredric Hobbs** (December 30, 1931 - April 25, 2018) was an American artist and filmmaker. He is known for pioneering an artistic style he termed ART ECO. His work has been showcased at museums and galleries internationally, and his works are part of the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art (New York), the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, and the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco.
## Biography
Fredric Hobbs (full name Charles Fredric Hobbs) was born in Philadelphia on December 30, 1931. He attended the Menlo School in Menlo Park, California and in 1953 earned B.A. in History from Cornell University. After service as a US Air Force Officer in Korea, Hobbs maintained a studio in Madrid where he attended the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. Later in life, his studios were located in San Francisco and Carmel, California.
Since the 1950s, the artist\'s work has concerned spiritual and environmental consciousness. In 1963, Hobbs created a radical new automobile art called \"Parade Sculpture\". This concept had its origin in ancient religious processions and self-propelled tableaux. During the 60s, three parade pieces (\"Sun Chariot\", \"Three Thieves\", \"Trojan Horse\") removed art from its museum environment, thereby confronting a mass audience under circumstances of everyday life. Driveable sculpture was exhibited in New York, California and as part of the famous national traveling show entitled \"The Highway\".
In the early 1970s, Fredric Hobbs pioneered another art form known as ART ECO. ART ECO combines environmental technology, fine art, solar/nomadic architecture, and interactive communications with an ecologically balanced lifestyle.
Hobbs wrote, directed, and produced four films that received distribution: *Troika* (1969), *Roseland* (1971), *Alabama\'s Ghost* (1973) and *Godmonster of Indian Flats* (1973). Copies of these films and other videorecordings Hobbs\' directed or produced are held by the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive, and the American Genre Film Archive. These films were in part experimental platforms for Hobbs\' other work, for example, *Troika* is a film about a fictionalized Hobbs attempting to fund and make a film titled *Troika*, and the titular \"godmonster\" of *Godmonster of Indian Flats* was depicted using a sculpture made by Hobbs himself.
In 1978, with Warren Hinckle, Hobbs wrote and illustrated *The Richest Place on Earth,* a history of Nevada\'s Comstock Lode in the 1860s and \'70s, published by Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. Once an owner of the Silver Dollar Hotel in Virginia City, Nevada, Hobbs had a long and multifaceted relationship with Virginia City and environs. He also wrote and directed a film of the same title the same year, produced by the Virginia city Restoration Corporation.
Hobbs\' 1986 acrylic drawing \"South Coast Series: Two Currents\" is a part of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco\'s permanent collection. It was last exhibited there in 1987.
Hobbs died on April 25, 2018, in Monterey County, California.
## Filmography
- *Trojan Horse* (1969) (writer and director)
- *Troika* (1969) (writer, director, producer)
- *Roseland: A Fable* (1970) (writer, director, producer)
- *Alabama\'s Ghost* (1972) (writer, director, producer)
- *Godmonster of Indian Flats* (1973) (writer, director, producer)
- *The Richest Place on Earth* (1978) (writer and director)
- *FASTFUTURE I* (1992) and *2* (2001) (director), for KCRB TV
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,940 |
Kettering Ironstone Railway
|
The **Kettering Ironstone Railway** was an industrial `{{RailGauge|3ft|lk=on}}`{=mediawiki} narrow gauge railway that served the ironstone quarries around Kettering.
## History
Ironstone was discovered to the north of Kettering in 1858 when the Midland Railway mainline was driven through the hills. In 1876 quarrying started just to the west of the railway, with short horse-worked tramways used to haul the ore to a fan of sidings beside the Midland. An ironworks was constructed beside the sidings, opening in 1878.
To feed the newly installed blast furnaces, the tramways were extended to new ore fields to the south and west. In 1879 a 3ft gauge steam locomotive arrived from Black, Hawthorn & Co to deal with the greater traffic.
As the closer ironstone pits became worked out. the tramways expanded to reach new sources of ore. In 1890 a much larger Manning Wardle locomotive was acquired second-hand to work these longer lines. In all three of these \"long boiler special\" 0-6-0ST locomotives were acquired for the railway.
In 1913 quarrying started on land near the village of Thorpe Malsor, more than two miles from the ironworks. A new branch of the tramway was laid to reach these, requiring a substantial viaduct to cross the valley below the village. In 1926 a unique double Sentinel locomotive was purchased for the Thorpe Malsor branch, though it was not a great success.
A final new set of ore fields were opened at Bunker Hill in 1933, again served by a new tramway branch.
After the Second World War, there was a general decline in demand for iron. The Thorpe Malsor pits were abandoned and the branch removed in 1949. The ironworks were nationalised in 1951, and the Bunker Hill pits were immediately abandoned. This left only the pits around Rothwell village in operation, served by a long tramway branch. The whole system was purchased by Stewarts & Lloyds in late 1956. The furnaces shut down in 1959, but ore extraction continued to supply the much larger Corby ironworks. Trains continued to run until October 1962. The remaining tramways were lifted by early 1963.
## Locomotives
Name Builder Type Date Works number Notes
---------------------------- ------------------ --------- ------ -------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Kettering Furnaces No. 2* Black, Hawthorne 1879 501 Scrapped 1963.
*Kettering Furnaces No. 3* Black, Hawthorne 1885 859 Preserved at the Penrhyn Castle Railway Museum until 2024, when it was donated to the Waterford Suir Valley Railway.
*Kettering Furnaces No. 4* Black, Hawthorne 1887 Withdrawn 1924. Scrapped 1927.
*Kettering Furnaces No. 6* Manning Wardle 1889 1123 Rebuilt by Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns in 1949. Scrapped 1963.
*Kettering Furnaces No. 7* Manning Wardle 1897 1370 Rebuilt by Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns in 1950. Scrapped 1963.
*Kettering Furnaces No. 8* Manning Wardle 1906 1675 Preserved by the Welland Valley Vintage Traction Club
Sentinel 4wG+4wG 1926 6412 A unique articulated geared steam locomotive, heavily used in the 1930s, but scrapped in 1960
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,941 |
2004–05 Scottish First Division
|
The **2004--05 Scottish First Division** was won by Falkirk.
As league champions, Falkirk were promoted to the Scottish Premier League. Partick Thistle and Raith Rovers were relegated to the Second Division, and Second Division winners Brechin City and Stranraer were promoted.
## League table {#league_table}
{{#invoke:sports table\|main\|style=WDL \|show_limit=5 \|res_col_header=PR
\|team1=FAL\|name_FAL=Falkirk \|team2=STM\|name_STM=St Mirren \|team3=CLY\|name_CLY=Clyde \|team4=QOS\|name_QOS=Queen of the South \|team5=AIR\|name_AIR=Airdrie United \|team6=ROS\|name_ROS=Ross County \|team7=HAM\|name_HAM=Hamilton Academical \|team8=STJ\|name_STJ=St Johnstone \|team9=PAR\|name_PAR=Partick Thistle \|team10=RAI\|name_RAI=Raith Rovers \|win_FAL=22\|draw_FAL=9\|loss_FAL=5\|gf_FAL=66\|ga_FAL=30\|status_FAL=C,P \|win_STM=15\|draw_STM=15\|loss_STM=6\|gf_STM=41\|ga_STM=23 \|win_CLY=16\|draw_CLY=12\|loss_CLY=8\|gf_CLY=35\|ga_CLY=29 \|win_QOS=14\|draw_QOS=9\|loss_QOS=13\|gf_QOS=36\|ga_QOS=38 \|win_AIR=14\|draw_AIR=8\|loss_AIR=14\|gf_AIR=44\|ga_AIR=48 \|win_ROS=13\|draw_ROS=8\|loss_ROS=15\|gf_ROS=40\|ga_ROS=37 \|win_HAM=12\|draw_HAM=11\|loss_HAM=13\|gf_HAM=35\|ga_HAM=36 \|win_STJ=12\|draw_STJ=10\|loss_STJ=14\|gf_STJ=38\|ga_STJ=39 \|win_PAR=10\|draw_PAR=9\|loss_PAR=17\|gf_PAR=38\|ga_PAR=52\|status_PAR=R \|win_RAI=3\|draw_RAI=7\|loss_RAI=26\|gf_RAI=26\|ga_RAI=67\|status_RAI=R \|col_SPL=green1\|text_SPL=Promotion to the Premier League \|result1=SPL \|col_R=red1\|text_R=Relegation to the Second Division \|result9=R\|result10=R \|class_rules=1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored. \|update=complete \|source= }}
## Top scorers {#top_scorers}
Scorer Team Goals
----------------- -------------------- -------
Darryl Duffy \|Falkirk 17
Ian Harty Clyde 15
Owen Coyle Airdrie United 14
Daniel McBreen Falkirk 13
David McNiven Queen of the South 12
Peter MacDonald St Johnstone 11
Alan Gow Airdrie United 9
Andy Thomson Falkirk 9
Russell Latapy Falkirk 7
Derek Lyle Queen of the South 7
John O\'Neill St Mirren 7
## Attendances
The average attendances for Scottish First Division clubs for season 2004/05 are shown below:
Club Average
--------------------- ---------
Falkirk 3,935
Partick Thistle 3,455
St Mirren 3,252
St Johnstone 2,414
Ross County 2,336
Hamilton Academical 2,103
Airdrie United 2,014
Queen of the South 1,959
Raith Rovers 1,754
Clyde 1,596
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,947 |
Conna
|
Cona\|Konna}} `{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use Hiberno-English|date=September 2021}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox settlement
|name = Conna
|other_name =
|native_name = {{lang|ga|Conaithe}}
|native_name_lang = ga
|settlement_type = Village
|image_skyline = Conna_Castle.jpg
|imagesize =
|image_caption = Conna Castle viewed from the east
|image_map =
|mapsize =
|map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Ireland
|pushpin_label_position = top
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Ireland
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]
|subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Ireland|Province]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Munster]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Counties of Ireland|County]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[County Cork]]
|subdivision_type3 =
|subdivision_name3 =
|established_title =
|established_date =
|area_magnitude =
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_footnotes =
|area_total_km2 =
|area_land_km2 =
|population_as_of = [[2022 census of Ireland|2022]]
|population_footnotes = <ref name=cso2022>{{cite web | title = Census Interactive Map – Towns: Conna | url = https://visual.cso.ie/?body=entity/ima/cop/2022&boundary=C04160V04929&guid=b7e8d4a1-6640-4864-b2a2-f4bafe06fbf9 | work = [[2022 census of Ireland|Census 2022]] | publisher = [[Central Statistics Office (Ireland)|Central Statistics Office]] | access-date = 17 March 2025}}</ref>
|population = 609
|population_note =
|population_density_km2 =
|timezone1 = [[West European Time|WET]]
|utc_offset1 = +0
|timezone1_DST = [[Irish Standard Time|IST]] ([[Western European Summer Time|WEST]])
|utc_offset1_DST = -1
|coordinates = {{coord|52|05|34|N|08|06|36|W|region:IE|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m =
|postal_code_type =
|postal_code =
|area_code =
|blank_name =
|blank_info =
|website =
|footnotes =
}}`{=mediawiki} **Conna** (`{{Irish place name|Conaithe}}`{=mediawiki}) is a village in County Cork, Ireland. It is situated on the River Bride, southeast of the town of Fermoy, on the R628 regional road. The village contains several pubs, a shop, a post office, a Roman Catholic church (built c. 1820) and a nearby Church of Ireland chapel. The village is dominated by Conna Castle, a five-story tower house situated on a limestone outcrop near the river.
## History
Evidence of ancient settlement in the area includes a number of ringfort, standing stone and fulacht fiadh sites in the townlands of Conna, Clashaganniv, Curraheen and Kilclare.
During the mid-16th century, the Fitzgeralds, Earls of Desmond, built Conna Castle on a high limestone rock overlooking the River Bride. The castle and its estate was seized by the English and passed into the hands of Walter Raleigh, the English settler. The rightful heir to the castle, James FitzThomas (the Sugán Earl) staged an unsuccessful attempt to capture the castle. The castle then went through a series of different owners before ending up in the hands of the Earl of Cork. It is believed that Oliver Cromwell passed by the castle and fired cannons at it before moving on. In 1653, the castle suffered a fire in which three of the steward\'s daughters were killed. The castle continued to move from owner to owner until Hilary L\'Estrange purchased the castle in 1851. He passed it on to his son, Rev A. G. K. L\'Estrange, on whose death in 1915, the castle was willed into the care of the state.
## Notable people {#notable_people}
- Liam Kearney (born 1983), professional footballer and coach
- Angela Lansbury (1925--2022), actor and producer, moved to the area with her husband Peter Shaw and lived in a 19th-century farmhouse named Knockmourne Glebe.
- Bartholomew MacCarthy (1843--1904), Irish historian
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,954 |
Maryhill Central railway station
|
**Maryhill Central** was a railway station to the north west of Glasgow.
## Location
To the west of the station was a triangular set of junctions. Immediately to the west was Maryhill Central junction where the line to Kirklee diverged to the south and the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire Railway headed east to Bellshaugh Junction where the western side of the triangle (from Kirklee Junction at the southern point of the junctions) and the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire Railway met before the line to Dawsholm diverged to the north. There was another Maryhill station to the north.
## Closure
It was closed to passengers on 2 November 1959 on the Glasgow Central Railway route and on 5 October 1964 on the Lanarkshire and Dunbartonshire Railway between Possil and Partick, with the lines in the area being closed on 5 October 1964.
## Current site usage {#current_site_usage}
The site of the station is now occupied by Maryhill Shopping Centre which was built in the early 1980s. This was rebuilt in around 2010 to consist of a supermarket, with 4 retail units and car parking below. However, a space was left in the basement of the shopping centre to allow the line to be re-opened in the future; this was still considered an option in the mid-1990s, with the building of a large bingo hall on the cutting (east of the site) left a channel for the original line to be re-opened below ground.
In 1999, however, this prospect was put to rest with the sale of land for housing along many parts of the track in the Kirklee and Cleveden sections of the track along with the demolition of many of the bridges around the same area for safety reasons. Maryhill Shopping Centre was demolished in early 2010 and replaced by a new Tesco supermarket. The void beneath the supermarket for the railway station has again been retained to allow the future possibility of reopening the railway line.
## Railway routes {#railway_routes}
## 1900s map of Maryhill {#s_map_of_maryhill}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,956 |
Red Dean
|
**Red Dean**, a rainbow code name, was a large air-to-air missile developed for the Royal Air Force during the 1950s. Originally planned to use an active radar seeker to offer all-aspect performance and true fire-and-forget engagements, the valve-based electronics demanded a missile of prodigious size.
Folland Aircraft won the development contract in February 1950 to arm the Gloster Meteor, weighing in at about estimated 600 lb. After some initial progress, chief engineer Teddy Petter seemed uninterested in pursuing the design and the contract was cancelled in November 1951. In July 1952 it was picked up by Vickers, who had already experimented with a number of large missiles. Their design was too large for Meteor, so it was instead designed for the emerging Gloster Javelin.
Problems with the General Electric Company (GEC) X-band seeker led to the missile having to be enlarged several times, eventually reaching a massive 1330 lb, which made it too heavy for the Javelin. The weapon was then selected to arm the upcoming thin-wing Javelin. Continued problems led Vickers to completely redesign it, abandoning the GEC seeker in favour of a simpler semi-active radar homing. This reduced the weight to 700 lb and finally to 400 lb with transistorization.
When British intelligence learned of new Soviet supersonic bombers, the Thin-Wing Javelin was cancelled in 1956 in favour of Operational Requirement F.155. Unsuited to these designs, Red Dean was cancelled in June. A new weapon dedicated to this role began in 1955 as Red Hebe. Also developed by Vickers, Red Hebe suffered from the same growth in weight and size and was ultimately cancelled in 1957 along with F.155.
## History
### Red Hawk {#red_hawk}
By the late World War II era each of the British forces had ongoing missile development programs. Among these was the January 1945 Air Staff Operational Requirement 1056 for an air-to-air missile intended as an anti-bomber weapon. OR.1056 called for a weapon able to attack from any angle using either radar or infrared homing, the radar version using the signals from the AI Mk. IX radar being installed at that time. This project was assigned the Ministry of Supply (MoS) rainbow code \"Red Hawk\".
By 1947 all of the missile projects were suffering from a lack of funding and manpower as many of the projects drew on the same pool of talent. The MoS decided to rationalize development by centralizing it at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE). After much debate, the MoS chose four programs to continue; the Royal Navy\'s surface-to-air missile Seaslug, a similar design for the Royal Air Force and British Army, the Navy\'s Blue Boar television guided anti-ship bomb, and Red Hawk.
Among the early proposals for the Red Hawk design was one from Gloster Aircraft, received in October 1947. This was a large missile in aircraft form, similar to a very small swept wing fighter. The missile would have to be lowered beneath the aircraft on a trapeze before launch in order for the seeker to pick up the signal from the fighter\'s radar. The RAE were not impressed and developed their own preferred design, consisting of a bullet-shaped unpowered \"dart\" that was launched up to speed by drop-off solid fuel rocket motors.
Continued study demonstrated the Red Hawk system was simply beyond the state of the art. For a head-on attack, the aircraft would be approaching each other while the missile flew. In order for the weapon to be launched from far enough to keep the fighter outside of the bomber\'s fire during the missile\'s flight, the radio energy needed for tracking would demand a very powerful radar or a very large antenna to focus it enough. Neither appeared practical in the near term.
In August 1948, the Air Ministry released a simpler specification for a weapon capable of tail-chase approaches against propeller-powered bombers like the Tupolev Tu-4. This watered-down specification was given the nick-name \"Pink Hawk\". This was eventually awarded to Fairey Aviation under the official rainbow code \"Blue Sky\" and emerged as the Fireflash.
### Red Dean emerges {#red_dean_emerges}
Although Pink Hawk was ultimately successful in building a cut-down version of Red Hawk, the original all-aspect requirement remained unfilled. In early 1951 the RAE and Air Ministry felt that the technology had progressed enough to once again take up the development of Red Hawk. This was released as the joint Naval/Air Staff Target 1056 which had the double duty of both a fighter weapon as well as a bomber self-defence weapon.
On 18 June 1951, Group Captain Scragg concluded that Red Hawk would not be available for some time, and suggested that it be re-directed as a pure fighter weapon. This led to Operational Requirement 1105, which was given the name \"Red Dean\". This was intended for use by two-seat fighters, notably the F.153 thin-wing Javelin which was then under development, but also the De Havilland Sea Vixen and the single-seat Supermarine Swift. Although not mentioned specifically, illustrations from this era show the missile mounted on the Gloster Meteor as well.
The OR called for a missile that could be carried in pairs by any aircraft of 10000 lb and up, without seriously affecting its performance. The primary targets were bombers and fighter bombers flying up to Mach 0.95 and maximum altitudes as high as 60,000 ft. Fighters were suitable targets, if possible, but only if it did not delay the program. It had to be able to attack from any direction, using an active radar seeker so the fighter did not have to continue the approach after launch. It needed to have a probability of kill against a bomber of at least 50%.
### Folland gives up {#folland_gives_up}
The contract for Red Dean was initially won by Folland Aircraft, largely on the basis of Teddy Petter\'s mid-1951 contract tender. Petter had a streak of successes at English Electric Aviation, including the Canberra and Lightning, but moved to Folland in February 1950 to develop a small and low-cost fighter, which became the Folland Gnat.
Folland was already involved in missile development with the RAE in the RTV.2 test vehicle, which began to suffer from delays and cost overruns. At the same time, the seeker from EKCO began to grow in weight. Although the program had progressed to the point of fitting dummy missiles to the Meteor for carriage trials, Petter apparently lost interest in the project and wrote to the RAE that he felt Folland was not the right company to be developing the missile. The Air Staff cancelled the contract in November 1951.
Through this period the RAE was also growing concerned about the range of the missiles using solid fuel rockets. They considered a series of designs using ramjet power beginning in 1953. One advantage was that the missile engines could be used for additional aircraft thrust during takeoff or high-speed dash, and then topped off with fuel from the fighter\'s fuel tanks. Unfortunately, they found that when the weapon would have to be launched subsonically it would require a small rocket to get it up to the ramjet\'s ignition speed of Mach 1.3, adding 50 lb to the design. The decision was made to continue with a pure-rocket.
### Vickers takes over {#vickers_takes_over}
In July 1952, Vickers was asked to provide design studies for the Red Dean requirement. They received a development contract in March 1953. At the time, the design was to weigh 600 lb and be powered by four Buzzard motors from the Propellant and Explosives Research and Manufacturing Establishment. It was initially intended to arm the night fighter versions of the Meteor, but ground clearance was not great enough and so it was changed instead to two new dedicated night fighters then under development, which became the Gloster Javelin and De Havilland Sea Venom. This initial work led to an official requirement in June 1955, known to the Air Ministry as OR.1105 and the Admiralty as AW.281, for an \"active radar homing all-round attack weapon system operating on collision course tactics.\"
The X band guidance radar from the General Electric Company (GEC) soon ran into problems, delaying the possible in-service date. This led to it being redirected once again, this time to the F.153 Thin-Wing Javelin that was then under design. Ground launched testing began with 40% scale models known as WTV.1 to test the guidance system, boosted off the ground using three large Demon rocket motors. This led to the full-sized WTV.2, also ground-launched, which included extensive telemetry. By this time, the design had grown several times and was now 16 ft long and weighed a massive 1330 lb. Some of this was due to the enlarged 100 lb warhead, which was required due to the low accuracy of the seeker. This increase in size and weight demanded a change in the rocket motor, to a 14000 lbf Falcon. In spite of the larger motor, range was a very short 4 nmi.
### Testing
For air testing, Canberra WD956 was delivered to Wisley Airfield near the Vickers plant on 8 August 1951. It was then sent to RAF Hurn for fitting with launch rails. It returned to Wisely and made its first carriage test flight with motor-less WTV.2 missiles in October 1953 and follow-up tests in May 1954 to test the jettison system. A second aircraft, WD942, was similarly modified and sent to Woomera awaiting the missiles. Meanwhile, to test the effects of the rocket motor on the wing of the aircraft, a test rig was constructed consisting of a section of a Canberra wing mounted in an A-frame system that could be rotated to change the simulated angle of attack.
\"Live\" testing began in June 1954 with semi-complete designs, the WRV.4C containing the seeker and the WTV.4E with the proposed proximity fuse. On the first live test flight, the shear pin that held the missile to the rail was noted to be too strong; when the missile motor fired its thrust was enough, even briefly, to cause the aircraft to yaw significantly. On the second flight, the pin was improperly installed and failed to shear at all. The resulting yaw caused the plane to flip over on its back before the missile finally broke free and the aircraft lost almost 20,000 ft altitude while recovering. A delay ensued while a new latching system was developed. A further delay ensued after the aircraft rolled off the runway due to a brake failure on 21 September 1955, and its duties were taken over by WD942, which returned to the UK on 28 September.
### Cancellation
Complaints were constant about the size and weight of the system, especially aimed at GEC whose seeker was heavier than its WWII counterparts. Vickers eventually decided to start a complete redesign, abandoning the GEC seeker in favour of a semi-active system. This led to a new design of late 1955 or early 1956 of \"only\" 700 lb, but then further simplifications lowered this to a spritely 400 lb.
Around this time, British intelligence services learned of the new Myasishchev M-52, which cruised at about Mach 1.2 and had a dash speed around Mach 1.5. The thin-wing Javelin would have significant difficulties dealing with this aircraft and the Air Ministry put all its attention on newer supersonic designs that were being developed as part of Operational Requirement F.155.
Red Dean had been designed for launch from subsonic fighters and would fly supersonically only for a few seconds. On F.155 they would be flying continually at supersonic speeds and the airframe was not able to handle the resulting aerodynamic heating. For this new role, Vickers proposed what engineer Ralph Hooper described as \"a development of Red Dean only in the same way that P.1103 is a development of the Hunter.\" This new project was assigned the name \"Red Hebe\".
As a result of these changes in mission, and the cancellation of the Thin-Wing Javelin which would have carried it, Red Dean was cancelled in June 1956.
## Description
The original Folland version was intended to be carried one each on the wingtips of the Meteor. It was 15 ft in length and 13 in in diameter. The rocket motor was centered in the cylindrical fuselage and exited through a nozzle at the extreme rear, within a partial cone boat tail section. The front of the missile had a similar conical nose cone.
Control was through four large rectangular wings arranged near the middle of the fuselage, and four small rectangular control fins just forward of the tail cone. The wings had a span of 4 ft and the tail 3 ft. During development the control layout was changed, adding a triangular fillet to the front of the main wings and extending the tail controls to 4 ft and adding what the UK referred to as \"mach tips\", but is more widely known today as a cropped delta, intended to keep the rear section of the controls out of the shock waves generated by their leading edge.
The initial design at Vickers was similar, but shortened by removing a section of the rear fuselage to reduce the length to 14 ft and making both the wings and fins 4 ft wide. The most notable change was to extend the boat tail section forward, to a point just behind the wings. The first full-scale missiles, of the WTV.2 series, featured a hemispherical nose cone which reduced overall length to 14 ft, and slightly smaller wings and fins at 3 ft span. The lengthy boat tail section was removed, returning to a design more similar to the final Folland versions.
The final prototype versions, starting with WTV.4, was extended in length to 15 ft and featured new wings and fins with swept-back leading edges and swept-forward trailing edges. This layout was largely retained the for final pre-production model, WTV.5, which added an extended ogive nose cone that took the length to 16 ft and reshaped the fins to add mach tips.
Internally the layout was somewhat complex. The rocket motor was arranged near the center of the fuselage, aligned with the wings in order to minimize changes in center of gravity as the motor burned. The warhead was just in front of the motor, roughly at the midpoint of the fuselage. To keep it from overheating while the rocket fired, air was fed through the fuselage around the warhead casing.
Power for the electronics and control fins was supplied by a relatively large De Havilland turboalternator in front of the warhead, powered by compressed air in a number of small bottles arranged around the rocket exhaust tube. Air was led forward, and power back, in channels under the wings, which can be seen in the photograph above. The seeker and fuse was at the nose.
As it was felt that the vibrations from the rocket motor would produce too much mechanical noise into the radar system, the rocket had been designed to give a short burn time of only two seconds in order to minimize the time before the control system could activate. In testing, it was found that the problem was nowhere near as bad as expected. This led to modifications of the autopilot to allow it to control through the entire flight, with an accelerometer indicating the end of the rocket firing and then reducing the control power to avoid slowing the missile during the coasting phase by applying large control inputs.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,983 |
Dick Twardzik
|
**Richard Henryk Twardzik** (April 30, 1931 -- October 21, 1955) was an American jazz pianist who worked in Boston for most of his career.
## Career
Twardzik trained in classical piano as a child and made his professional debut at the age of fourteen. He was taught by Margaret Chaloff, the mother of baritone saxophone player Serge Chaloff. Twardzik recorded with Serge Chaloff and with Charlie Mariano. He worked with Charlie Parker on several occasions toward the end of Parker\'s life. Twardzik also played professionally with Chet Baker and Lionel Hampton. He recorded with Baker and Chaloff in 1954 and 1955.
In his teenage years, Twardzik became addicted to heroin. He died October 21, 1955, at age 24, from a heroin overdose while on tour with Chet Baker in Europe.
The song *In Memory of Dick* was written by saxophonist Bobby Jaspar, who occasionally played with Twardzik and Baker during their tour in Europe.
## Discography
### As leader {#as_leader}
- *Trio* with Russ Freeman (Pacific Jazz, 1956)
### As sideman {#as_sideman}
- Chet Baker, *Chet Baker in Europe* (Pacific Jazz, 1955)
- Chet Baker, *Indian Summer (The Complete 1955 Concerts In Holland)* (Nederlands Jazz Archief NJA0701, 2007)
- Serge Chaloff, *The Fabel of Mabel* (1201 Music, 1999)
- Charlie Parker, *The Happy Bird* (Charlie Parker, 1961)
- Charlie Parker, *Boston, 1952* (Uptown UPCD 27.42, 1996)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,985 |
Émile Torchebœuf
|
**Émile Torcheboeuf** (17 July 1876 -- 29 November 1950) was a French long jumper who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the bronze medal in the men\'s standing long jump.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,125,992 |
Nativity Convent (Moscow)
|
**Rozhdestvensky Convent**, or the **Convent of Nativity of Theotokos** (*Bogoroditsye-Rozhdestvyenskiy monastyr\'*), is one of the oldest nunneries in Moscow, located inside the Boulevard Ring, on the left bank of the Neglinnaya River. Rozhdestvensky Boulevard and Rozhdestvenka Street owe their names to the convent.
The convent was founded in the Moscow Kremlin in 1386, probably by Maria of Rostov, mother of Prince Vladimir the Bold. Among the ladies of royal blood who took the veil in the convent were the daughter of the Lithuanian grand duke Algirdas, Helen and Vasily III\'s wife Solomonia Saburova. The convent was moved to its present location in 1484; the small katholikon was erected in the last years of Ivan III\'s reign. This is one of the oldest buildings in downtown Moscow, outside the Kremlin walls. The burial vault of the Lobanov-Rostovsky princely family dates from the 1670s.
The convent was abolished in 1922, but some of the nuns and lay sisters would continue living in their cells (two of them - Varvara and Viktorina - lived there until the late 1970s). Upon the closure of the convent, the most revered icons were relocated to the Church of St. Nicholas in Zvonari. When the latter was itself shut down, the icons were transferred to the church of Saint Sergius in Pushkari and later to the Epiphany church in Pereyaslavskaya Sloboda. The divine service in Rozhdestvensky Convent was resumed in 1992.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,006 |
Verschwende Deine Zeit
|
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 99, column 1):
unexpected '{'
{{album chart|Austria|4|artist=Silbermond|album=Verschwende Deine Zeit|rowheader=true|access-date=11 April 2017}}
^
```
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,007 |
Difficult Run
|
**Difficult Run** is a 15.9 mi tributary stream of the Potomac River in Northern Virginia in the United States.
The stream is part of a 57.7-square-mile drainage basin, or watershed, in the north-central portion of Fairfax County, Virginia. Difficult Run flows through Great Falls Park, where it has been characterized as \"a miniature Mather Gorge and Great Falls.\" The stream picks up speed as it runs through a steep gorge with waterfalls, and drains into the Potomac.
The wildlife includes 163 species, depending on the season, and 41 soil types are found on the trail and alongside the stream.
Used for many purposes since the early 1800s, the area is today used for hiking, biking, fishing, boating, climbing, and bird watching.
## Historical and cultural usage {#historical_and_cultural_usage}
It was named by long-boatmen in the time of the Patowmack Company, who found the two sharp bends of the Potomac near Difficult Run\'s mouth treacherous.
### Historical usage {#historical_usage}
### Mills
Tolston\'s Mill on the east side of the trail is today owned by the Madeira School. Leigh Mill, once on the west side of the trail, ground flour during the late 1800s. Colvin\'s Mill, today part of Colvin Run Mill Park, used to be managed by Fairfax County Park Authority. Brown\'s Mill was on a tributary of the trail across from Beulah Road.
#### Pikes and roads {#pikes_and_roads}
Old Georgetown Pike developed into a state highway in June 1974. The pike was a route followed by colonists and Indians where commerce was brought from Loudoun County and the Shenandoah Valley to Georgetown. Another road that went along the trail is the Old Leesburg Pike. This pike initially went through the Difficult Run on the northern side of the current bridge. General Braddock utilized the old highway during the French and Indian Wars where he marched his troops throughout the road on their way to Fort Duquesne. The old access to the bridge is still visible, but not currently in use.
#### Houses and taverns {#houses_and_taverns}
The Thomas Peacock house is still currently located on the eastern part of the Difficult Run. This land was once owned by George Washington. After Washington owned it the Sheppards bought it from him and built the house on this land in the early 19th century. The 18th Century Miller\'s house stands on the Difficult Run and was built by the miller of the mill on Hunter Mill Road. Wiley\'s Tavern is located on the south side of current Leesburg Pike.
#### Other sites {#other_sites}
There are various other sites along the trail, which include Drover\'s Rest, Old Quarry, Old Dominion Drive Bridge, Colvin Run Village, and Day Family Cemetery.
### Modern usage {#modern_usage}
Today the trail is used for hiking, biking, sightseeing, etc. The stream also is known for its various rapids that flow down it. The different rapids are all classified differently as one goes farther down the stream. The seven rapids that occur in the stream all have classifications that range from Class III to V. The Difficult Run is also famously known for its views of the Potomac and Mather Gorge cliffs.
## Recreation
Recreational activities at Difficult Run include hiking, biking, climbing, boating, fishing, and sightseeing. The watershed itself encompasses a few parks and trails originating in Reston and reaching all the way to the Potomac River, at the end of the Difficult Run trail in Great Falls. Additionally, Difficult Run offers access to Great Falls National Park from certain areas of the trail, adding to the options for recreational activity.
### Mountain biking {#mountain_biking}
Using community planning, a secluded 12-mile (19 km) hiking and biking trail was built along Difficult Run from Reston to Great Falls Park. The trail is well known among area mountain biking enthusiasts for its rolling terrain which makes for fast, smooth rides although there are portions requiring technical skills. The portion of the trail that sees the most mountain biking activity starts near the end of Michael Faraday Court, behind SkateQuest-Reston ice skating rink and follows the tributary stream valley to Lake Fairfax. From Lake Fairfax the trail crosses over Hunter Mill Road and follows Difficult Run itself all the way to Great Falls Park. Great Falls Park is a unit of the George Washington Memorial Parkway, and is administered by the National Park Service. In addition, almost the entire length of Difficult Run is paralleled by the Cross County Trail, which is maintained by the Fairfax County Park Authority for continuous coverage along the run.
### Hiking
The Difficult Run trail enters Great Falls Park and offers views of the Potomac River and Great Falls. The trail is 4.9 miles roundtrip and is estimated to take 2.5 hours. The various trails of Great Falls National Park (Ridge trail, Matildaville trail, Swamp trail, and Old Carriage Road) are also accessible from this hike. The trail is well marked with signs that point you to your desired location. Along the trail is the Cow Hoof Rock that is a popular spot for many of the parks rock climbers.
### Fishing
While fishing is allowed at Great Falls National Park and Difficult Run, a license is required for fishermen 16 years or older. This section of the Potomac River is known mainly for hosting Smallmouth Bass, Sunfish, and Catfish. It is encouraged that all mess is cleaned, as the park has a no trash policy and has no trash cans available on-site.
### Boating
This is the most popular of recreational activities at the Potomac River adjacent to Difficult Run. Whitewater boating (kayak/canoe) is commonly exercised as the rapids found in Great Falls Park are rated from class II (moderately easy) to class VI. Class VI rapids are considered extremely dangerous, as they are highest category of all rapid classes. A series of rapids starting at the Difficult Run Georgetown Pike entrance will lead to directly into the Potomac River. These rapids along the Difficult Run stream range from class III to class V. The Potomac River has many challenging currents, standing waves, and hydraulics. Swimming, wading, and tubing are not allowed in the river.
### Climbing
Climbing at Difficult Run can be done both with or without direction. The large number of rocks offer creative options for some park visitors. Others find direction by climbing routes set near the Potomac River. Routes vary from 25 to 75 feet in length. All climbing is top rope and no screws may be drilled into the rock. All climbing materials must be supplied by the park goer. Climbing routes are not available when the water level is high, specifically above a 4.5 on the Little Falls gauge. This reading can be found daily in the Washington Post\'s "River Stages" section.
The Cow Hoof Rock features 9 different climbing routes ranging from 5.8 to 5.12 in difficulty. The climbs include:
•F.I.S.T. (5.9-)
•Hemlock (5.10+)
•Hard Nut (A3)
•Socrates' Downfall (5.8)
•Claws (5.12)
•Titania (5.10-)
•Ariel (5.9)
•Caliban (5.8)
•It\'s the Feet (5.10-)
## Flora and fauna {#flora_and_fauna}
Various species of birds, fish, and other animals live along the trail. Muskrat and beaver can be found in the stream which runs adjoined to the trail which empties into the river known to provide habitation for various fish. 163 different species of birds are found here, these birds would include ducks, geese, and herons. Others would include songbirds, woodpeckers, vultures, and kingfishers. As for snakes, copperheads are the only type of venomous snake found in the trail.
In the region where Difficult Run trail is found, birds such as the Scarlet Tanager and Kentucky Warbler inhabit the environment during the Spring months. These birds migrate North to live for the Summer, which includes Fairfax County. These are song birds brightly colored with plumage of gold, red, and blue. The ground nesting birds appear in the Spring first, which would consist of the Kentucky warbler. Nested in the trees are the Scarlet Tanager. Other birds native to the trail during the Spring are the Prothonotary warbler and Swallows.
During the Spring, Skunk cabbage is the first to bloom in January. Seasonal varieties also include Pink lady slippers, Fairy spuds, and Trout lilies.
## Geography
### Trail
Located at 38.98 latitude and 77.25 longitude, the Difficult Run trail is located inside of Great Falls Park. Difficult Run lands in the Virginia side of the park. The trail is 0.7 miles one way making it a 1.4 mile round trip. The scenic trail starts near Georgetown Pike and ends where the difficult run stream meets the Potomac River. The trail is narrow and rocky in some sections and could cause problems to those with handicaps. The route consists of mostly non-paved trail systems with a few paved areas. Hikers, cyclists and horseback riders can make connections using Difficult Run to get to the Fairfax Cross Country Trail. This can be done on the Georgetown Pike end of the Difficult Run trail. Pets are allowed on the trail but must be on a leash at all times.
### Drainage basin {#drainage_basin}
The stream is member to a 57.7- square-mile watershed located in the north-central portion of Fairfax County and drains directly to the Potomac River. Along its journey the stream travels over a series of rapids and through numerous rocky beds. There are 9 different streams and tributaries that work into or out of the Potomac river. They are Captain Hickory Run, Piney Run, Colvin Run, Snakeden Branch, Little Difficult Run, Rocky Run, Angelico Branch, Piney Branch, and Wolftrap Creek. The water is crossed by several major highways, including Leesburg Pike, I-66, Route 50, the Dulles Access Road, and by the W&OD Trail. The water runs off and forms four man made lakes. Lake Anne, Lake Fairfax, Lake Thoreau and Lake Audubon. Difficult Run flows through a wide variety of watershed conditions, from forest to urban areas. Just before it empties into the Potomac River, it flows through a narrow, cliff-lined valley. Difficult Run is the largest watershed in Fairfax County, Virginia.
### Soil
There are 41 different soil types found on the trail and alongside the stream. Two major soil groups make up the contents: The Glenelg-Elioak-Manor association and the Manor-Glenelg-Elioak association. The Glenelg soil type makes up 40.5 percent of the watershed area and is found throughout the watershed, primarily on hilltops and side slopes. Manor soils make up almost 11 percent of the watershed. Suspended sediment is a major problem in the Difficult Run area and water entering Chesapeake Bay. In 1993 Fairfax Relief and the Virginia Soil and water conservation district planted 1,109 native hardwoods as a part of a restoration project on a large flood plain for the main stem of the Difficult run stream. A lot of the soil found in this area is marine clay. This type of soil is found all around Fairfax County and is very problematic. This particular soil contains clays that swell up when wet and then shrink down when they dry. This can cause land slippage, slope instability, poor foundation support and poor drainage. Another soil problem found in this area is naturally occurring asbestos fibers that have weathered off of greenstone bedrock. It is a very rare problem but asbestos can be potentially very hazardous if not detected. Soil conservation has rapidly been accelerating in the Difficult Run area for a very long time. This conservation can help stop landslides, corrosion, and contamination by metals
## Crossings
All locations are in Fairfax County, Virginia. Pedestrian-only bridges are marked in italics.
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Image | Crossing | Location | Opened | Coordinates | Notes |
+=======+==================================================+====================================+=================+=============+=======================================================================================+
| | | Great Falls--McLean | 1978 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | 1979 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Cross County Trail* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | 2011 (reopened) | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Cross County Trail* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | Great Falls--McLean / Wolf Trap | 1969 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | Wolf Trap | 1969 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Cross County Trail* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | \ | | 1963, 1984 | | |
| | Washington Metro Silver Line | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Cross County Trail* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Washington & Old Dominion Trail* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | Wolf Trap--Oakton | 2011 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | Reston--Oakton | 1985 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Gabrielson Bridge* | Difficult Run--Oakton | | | Old bridge constructed late 1940s and removed in 2018; replacement bridge in planning |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | 1986 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Cross County Trail\ | | | | |
| | (Old Vale Road Bridge)* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | Difficult Run---Oakton / Fair Oaks | 1970 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | Valley Road | Fair Oaks | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | \ | | 1964 | | culvert beneath interchange |
| | `{{jct|I|66|state=VA|dab1=|name1=}}`{=mediawiki} | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | Random Hills Road | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | Monument Drive | | 2004 | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Fairfax Government Center footbridge* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Fairfax Government Center footbridge* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Fairfax Government Center footbridge* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *Fairfax Government Center footbridge* | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | Government Center Parkway | | | | |
+-------+--------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,013 |
William Nevill, 16th Baron Bergavenny
|
**William Nevill, 16th Baron Bergavenny** (also **Abergavenny**; c. 1698 -- 21 September 1744), was an English peer and courtier who held positions in the Royal Household and built a country mansion in Sussex.
## Origins
Born about 1698, he was the only son of Edward Nevill (1664 -- 1701), a Captain in the Royal Navy, who died aboard HMS Lincoln off the coast of Virginia, and his wife Hannah Thorpe (1668 -- 1764), daughter of Gervase Thorpe (died 1716), who lived at Brockhurst, near East Grinstead.
## Life
On the death without children of his first cousin Edward Nevill, 15th Baron Bergavenny, he succeeded to the barony, taking his seat in the House of Lords on 12 November 1724. Deciding to leave the ancient family house at Birling in Kent, he sold inherited lands and applied the proceeds to buy a block of farmland in Forest Row, where he created a park and built in it the mansion of Kidbrooke Park, since altered into Michael Hall School. In 1737 he obtained the post of Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard and in 1739 was appointed Master of the Jewel Office. He died in Bath on 21 September 1744 and was buried at East Grinstead, being succeeded in the barony by his eldest son.
## Family
On 20 May 1725 he married Catherine Tatton, widow of the previous baron. She was the elder daughter of Lieutenant-General William Tatton and his first wife Elizabeth Bull, sister of Sir John Bull. After having two children, George Nevill to whom King George II was godfather, and Catherine Nevill, she died giving birth to a third child Edward Nevill, on 4 December 1729. Shortly after her death, he was awarded 10,000 pounds in damages, worth over 1.6 million pounds in 2022, in a law case brought against his former friend Richard Lydell for criminal conversation with her. An obituary poem called her: "Young, thoughtless, gay, unfortunately fair."
On 20 May 1732 he married Lady Rebecca Herbert (died 20 October 1758), daughter of Thomas Herbert, 8th Earl of Pembroke and his wife Margaret Sawyer, with whom he had four children: William Nevill, Harriet Nevill, Mary Nevill, and Sophia Nevill.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,038 |
Albert Delannoy
|
**Albert Léon Delannoy** (13 February 1881 in Paris -- 19 May 1944 in Paris) was a French long jumper who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in the triple jump event at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and although finished third in the qualifying he finished in fifth place overall.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,051 |
Ryszard Katus
|
`{{MedalTop}}`{=mediawiki} `{{MedalSport | Men's [[Athletics at the Summer Olympics|Athletics]]}}`{=mediawiki} `{{MedalBronze| [[1972 Summer Olympics|1972 Munich]]|[[Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's decathlon|Decathlon]]}}`{=mediawiki} `{{MedalBottom}}`{=mediawiki} **Ryszard Katus** (born March 29, 1947) is a Polish athlete, who competed mainly in the men\'s decathlon event during his career.
Katus was born in Boska Wola. He competed for Poland at the 1972 Summer Olympics held in Munich, Germany, where he won the bronze medal in the men\'s decathlon event.
He later came to the United States and competed in Masters athletics under the name Richard Katus.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,068 |
Aleksander Klumberg
|
**Aleksander Klumberg** (since 1936 **Kolmpere**; 17 April 1899 -- 10 February 1958) was an Estonian decathlete. He competed in several events at the 1920 and 1924 Olympics and won a bronze medal in the decathlon in 1924. In 1922, he became the first official world record holder in the decathlon, albeit with a performance inferior to the Stockholm 1912 series of Jim Thorpe.
Klumberg finished third behind Vilho Niittymaa in the discus, third behind Paavo Johansson in the javelin and third behind Vilho Tuulos in the triple jump event at the British 1922 AAA Championships.
Klumberg took up athletics around 1912, and in 1915--1917, held Russian records in several jumping and throwing events. Besides athletics he won three Estonian titles in bandy. In 1918--19, he fought in the Estonian War of Independence as a volunteer, and after that worked as a physical education instructor with the Estonian army (1919--20), military schools (1924--1926) and police schools (1927 and 1942--1944). He also trained the national athletics teams of Poland (1927--1932) and Estonia, and in this capacity attended the 1928, 1932 and 1936 Olympics. He was arrested by NKVD in 1944 and kept in a prison camp in the Soviet Far East until 1956. He is buried at the Rahumäe cemetery in Tallinn.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,095 |
2006 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix
|
\|Location=Mugello Circuit \|Image = Mugello Racing Circuit track map 15 turns.svg \|Course_mi=3.259 \|Course_km=5.245 \|Race_No=6 \|Season_No=17 \|Date=4 June \|Year=2006 \|Pole_Rider_MotoGP=Sete Gibernau \|Pole_Rider_MotoGP_Country=Spain \|Pole_Time_MotoGP=1:48.969 \|Fast_Rider_MotoGP=Loris Capirossi \|Fast_Rider_MotoGP_Country=Italy \|Fast_Time_MotoGP=1:50.195 \|First_Rider_MotoGP=Valentino Rossi \|First_Rider_MotoGP_Country=Italy \|Second_Rider_MotoGP=Loris Capirossi \|Second_Rider_MotoGP_Country=Italy \|Third_Rider_MotoGP=Nicky Hayden \|Third_Rider_MotoGP_Country=United States \|Pole_Rider_250=Jorge Lorenzo \|Pole_Rider_250_Country=Spain \|Pole_Time_250=1:53.787 \|Fast_Rider_250=Roberto Locatelli \|Fast_Rider_250_Country=Italy \|Fast_Time_250=1:54.749 \|First_Rider_250=Jorge Lorenzo \|First_Rider_250_Country=Spain \|Second_Rider_250=Alex de Angelis \|Second_Rider_250_Country=San Marino \|Third_Rider_250=Andrea Dovizioso \|Third_Rider_250_Country=Italy \|Pole_Rider_125=Lukáš Pešek \|Pole_Rider_125_Country=Czech Republic \|Pole_Time_125=1:58.202 \|Fast_Rider_125=Mattia Pasini \|Fast_Rider_125_Country=Italy \|Fast_Time_125=1:58.677 \|First_Rider_125=Mattia Pasini \|First_Rider_125_Country=Italy \|Second_Rider_125=Álvaro Bautista \|Second_Rider_125_Country=Spain \|Third_Rider_125=Lukáš Pešek \|Third_Rider_125_Country=Czech Republic }}
The **2006 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix** was the sixth race of the 2006 Motorcycle Grand Prix season. It took place on the weekend of 2--4 June 2006 at the Mugello Circuit.
## MotoGP classification {#motogp_classification}
Pos. No. Rider Team Manufacturer Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
---------- ----- ----------------------- -------------------------- -------------- ------ -------------- ------ --------
1 46 **Valentino Rossi** **Camel Yamaha Team** **Yamaha** 23 42:39.610 3 **25**
2 65 **Loris Capirossi** **Ducati Marlboro Team** **Ducati** 23 +0.575 2 **20**
3 69 **Nicky Hayden** **Repsol Honda Team** **Honda** 23 +0.735 4 **16**
4 26 **Dani Pedrosa** **Repsol Honda Team** **Honda** 23 +2.007 8 **13**
5 15 **Sete Gibernau** **Ducati Marlboro Team** **Ducati** 23 +3.070 1 **11**
6 33 **Marco Melandri** **Fortuna Honda** **Honda** 23 +11.793 6 **10**
7 24 **Toni Elías** **Fortuna Honda** **Honda** 23 +18.999 12 **9**
8 10 **Kenny Roberts Jr.** **Team Roberts** **KR211V** 23 +19.172 11 **8**
9 6 **Makoto Tamada** **Konica Minolta Honda** **Honda** 23 +19.231 10 **7**
10 21 **John Hopkins** **Rizla Suzuki MotoGP** **Suzuki** 23 +19.821 7 **6**
11 56 **Shinya Nakano** **Kawasaki Racing Team** **Kawasaki** 23 +19.863 5 **5**
12 5 **Colin Edwards** **Camel Yamaha Team** **Yamaha** 23 +30.678 14 **4**
13 17 **Randy de Puniet** **Kawasaki Racing Team** **Kawasaki** 23 +37.198 16 **3**
14 71 **Chris Vermeulen** **Rizla Suzuki MotoGP** **Suzuki** 23 +41.712 15 **2**
15 7 **Carlos Checa** **Tech 3 Yamaha** **Yamaha** 23 +56.256 13 **1**
16 77 James Ellison Tech 3 Yamaha Yamaha 23 +1:13.387 17
17 30 José Luis Cardoso Pramac d\'Antin MotoGP Ducati 22 +1 lap 19
Ret 27 Casey Stoner Honda LCR Honda 8 Accident 9
Ret 66 Alex Hofmann Pramac d\'Antin MotoGP Ducati 8 Accident 18
Sources:
## 250 cc classification {#cc_classification}
Pos. No. Rider Manufacturer Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
------ ----- ----------------------- -------------- ------ -------------- ------ --------
1 48 **Jorge Lorenzo** **Aprilia** 21 40:35.185 1 **25**
2 7 **Alex de Angelis** **Aprilia** 21 +0.111 4 **20**
3 34 **Andrea Dovizioso** **Honda** 21 +0.320 5 **16**
4 55 **Yuki Takahashi** **Honda** 21 +0.334 2 **13**
5 6 **Alex Debón** **Aprilia** 21 +3.315 10 **11**
6 15 **Roberto Locatelli** **Aprilia** 21 +3.327 3 **10**
7 58 **Marco Simoncelli** **Gilera** 21 +7.930 6 **9**
8 14 **Anthony West** **Aprilia** 21 +26.048 14 **8**
9 73 **Shuhei Aoyama** **Honda** 21 +26.616 9 **7**
10 8 **Andrea Ballerini** **Aprilia** 21 +30.570 12 **6**
11 50 **Sylvain Guintoli** **Aprilia** 21 +32.854 16 **5**
12 54 **Manuel Poggiali** **KTM** 21 +33.743 18 **4**
13 19 **Sebastián Porto** **Honda** 21 +1:13.549 20 **3**
14 23 **Arturo Tizón** **Honda** 21 +1:16.159 19 **2**
15 37 **Fabricio Perren** **Honda** 21 +1:18.533 24 **1**
16 64 Omar Menghi Aprilia 21 +1:48.079 31
17 45 Dan Linfoot Honda 21 +1:48.388 27
18 85 Alessio Palumbo Aprilia 20 +1 lap 30
19 17 Franz Aschenbrenner Aprilia 20 +1 lap 28
Ret 36 Martín Cárdenas Honda 18 Accident 17
Ret 65 Alessandro Brannetti Honda 18 Retirement 25
Ret 22 Luca Morelli Aprilia 13 Retirement 22
Ret 67 Nicklas Cajback Aprilia 12 Retirement 29
Ret 16 Jules Cluzel Aprilia 8 Accident 21
Ret 24 Jordi Carchano Aprilia 5 Retirement 26
Ret 96 Jakub Smrž Aprilia 4 Accident 8
Ret 9 Franco Battaini Aprilia 2 Retirement 13
Ret 21 Arnaud Vincent Honda 0 Accident 23
Ret 25 Alex Baldolini Aprilia 0 Accident 15
Ret 4 Hiroshi Aoyama KTM 0 Accident 11
Ret 80 Héctor Barberá Aprilia 0 Retirement 7
## 125 cc classification {#cc_classification_1}
Pos. No. Rider Manufacturer Laps Time/Retired Grid Points
------ ----- ---------------------- -------------- ------ -------------- ------ --------
1 75 **Mattia Pasini** **Aprilia** 20 40:00.412 2 **25**
2 19 **Álvaro Bautista** **Aprilia** 20 +0.001 5 **20**
3 52 **Lukáš Pešek** **Derbi** 20 +0.052 1 **16**
4 33 **Sergio Gadea** **Aprilia** 20 +1.203 15 **13**
5 55 **Héctor Faubel** **Aprilia** 20 +1.234 3 **11**
6 36 **Mika Kallio** **KTM** 20 +1.378 8 **10**
7 60 **Julián Simón** **KTM** 20 +2.303 12 **9**
8 14 **Gábor Talmácsi** **Honda** 20 +13.320 7 **8**
9 1 **Thomas Lüthi** **Honda** 20 +13.337 14 **7**
10 24 **Simone Corsi** **Gilera** 20 +13.376 11 **6**
11 32 **Fabrizio Lai** **Honda** 20 +13.865 4 **5**
12 22 **Pablo Nieto** **Aprilia** 20 +14.759 6 **4**
13 6 **Joan Olivé** **Aprilia** 20 +17.288 21 **3**
14 8 **Lorenzo Zanetti** **Aprilia** 20 +29.463 17 **2**
15 71 **Tomoyoshi Koyama** **Malaguti** 20 +29.553 16 **1**
16 17 Stefan Bradl KTM 20 +34.174 23
17 35 Raffaele De Rosa Aprilia 20 +35.827 19
18 18 Nicolás Terol Derbi 20 +39.480 22
19 38 Bradley Smith Honda 20 +51.225 32
20 90 Hiroaki Kuzuhara Honda 20 +1:15.251 33
21 88 Daniele Rossi Honda 20 +1:18.215 31
22 91 Luca Verdini Aprilia 20 +1:20.267 34
23 87 Roberto Lacalendola Honda 20 +1:22.356 36
24 53 Simone Grotzkyj Aprilia 20 +1:22.570 43
25 45 Imre Tóth Aprilia 20 +1:22.572 28
26 26 Vincent Braillard Aprilia 20 +1:22.588 42
27 13 Dino Lombardi Aprilia 20 +1:23.590 37
28 20 Roberto Tamburini Aprilia 20 +1:54.909 35
29 16 Michele Conti Honda 18 +2 laps 29
Ret 63 Mike Di Meglio Honda 19 Accident 18
Ret 41 Aleix Espargaró Honda 17 Retirement 13
Ret 11 Sandro Cortese Honda 13 Accident 10
Ret 10 Ángel Rodríguez Aprilia 9 Accident 9
Ret 15 Michele Pirro Aprilia 9 Retirement 30
Ret 89 Nico Vivarelli Honda 9 Retirement 40
Ret 9 Michael Ranseder KTM 7 Accident 25
Ret 44 Karel Abraham Aprilia 4 Accident 27
Ret 7 Alexis Masbou Malaguti 3 Retirement 24
Ret 37 Joey Litjens Honda 3 Retirement 39
Ret 23 Lorenzo Baroni Honda 2 Retirement 26
Ret 12 Federico Sandi Aprilia 1 Accident 38
DSQ 29 Andrea Iannone Aprilia 8 Black flag 20
DSQ 43 Manuel Hernández Aprilia 2 Black flag 41
## Championship standings after the race (MotoGP) {#championship_standings_after_the_race_motogp}
Below are the standings for the top five riders and constructors after round six has concluded.
Riders\' Championship standings
Rider Points
--- ----------------- --------
1 Loris Capirossi 99
2 Nicky Hayden 99
3 Marco Melandri 89
4 Dani Pedrosa 86
5 Valentino Rossi 65
Constructors\' Championship standings
Constructor Points
--- ------------- --------
1 Honda 131
2 Ducati 99
3 Yamaha 94
4 Suzuki 41
5 Kawasaki 37
- **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,104 |
List of British children's and young adults' authors (1900–1949)
|
This is a **list of British children\'s and young adults\' authors** active between 1900 and 1949. The authors listed here are arranged by year of birth.
- Frances Hodgson Burnett (1849--1924)
- Mary Francis Ames (1853-1929)
- Mrs George de Horne Vaizey (1857--1917)
- E. Nesbit (1858--1924)
- Kenneth Grahame (1859--1932)
- E. E. Cowper (1859--1933)
- J. M. Barrie (1860--1937)
- Herbert Hayens (1861-1944)
- Rudyard Kipling (1865--1936)
- Beatrix Potter (1866--1943)
- Angela Brazil (1868--1947)
- Percy F. Westerman (1876--1959)
- Frank Richards (1876--1961)
- Elsie J. Oxenham (1880--1960)
- Eleanor Farjeon (1881--1965)
- A. A. Milne (1882--1956)
- Arthur Ransome (1884--1967)
- Dorita Fairlie Bruce (1885--1970)
- Hugh Lofting (1886--1947)
- Ruth Manning-Sanders (1886--1988)
- Alison Uttley (1886--1976)
- Evadne Price (1888--1985)
- Richmal Crompton (1890--1969)
- J. R. R. Tolkien (1892--1973)
- W. E. Johns (1893--1968)
- Elinor Brent-Dyer (1894--1969)
- Enid Blyton (1894--1969)
- George Mills (1896--1972)
- Joyce Lankester Brisley (1896--1978)
- Dodie Smith (1896--1990)
- C. S. Lewis (1898--1963)
- John F. C. Westerman (1901--1991)
- Denys Watkins-Pitchford (\"BB\") (1905--1990)
- T. H. White (1906--1964)
- Mary Norton (1903--1992)
- Rev. W. Awdry (1911--1997)
- Roald Dahl (1916--1990)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,115 |
Nuclear Electric
|
**Nuclear Electric** was a nuclear power generation company in the United Kingdom. It was formed in 1990 as part of the privatisation process of the UK Electricity Supply Industry.
In 1996, it was amalgamated into a new company -- British Energy, which was eventually purchased by EDF Energy in 2010.
## History
### Background (before 1990) {#background_before_1990}
Before 1990, the generation and transmission activities in England and Wales were under the responsibility of Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB). The present electricity market in the UK was built upon the break-up of the CEGB into four separate companies in the 1990s. Its generation (or upstream) activities were transferred to three generating companies -- PowerGen, National Power, and Nuclear Electric (later British Energy, eventually \'EDF Energy\'); and its transmission (or downstream) activities to -- the National Grid Company.
### Nuclear Electric (1990--1995) {#nuclear_electric_19901995}
When the CEGB split up was announced, its power stations were decided to be divided between PowerGen and National Power. The nuclear stations, Magnox, AGR and the then under construction Sizewell B (PWR), were allocated to National Power in their nuclear division. However, the privatisation process in National Power was delayed as it was concluded that the \'earlier decided nuclear power plant assets in National Power\' would not be included in the private company -- \'National Power\'
A new company was formed, Nuclear Electric, which would eventually own and operate the nuclear power assets; and the nuclear power stations were held in public ownership for a number of years.
John G. Collier, formerly chair of UKAEA, was its first chairman, and its corporate headquarters were at Barnwood, formerly the site of the Generation Design and Construction Division of the CEGB.
### Transition to British Energy, later EDF Energy (1995--2010) {#transition_to_british_energy_later_edf_energy_19952010}
In 1995, the assets of Nuclear Electric and Scottish Nuclear were combined as well as split. The combination process merged operations of the UK\'s eight most advanced nuclear plants -- seven Advanced Gas Cooled Reactor (AGR) and one Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) -- into a new private company founded in 1996, British Energy.
The splitting process created a separate company in 1996 called Magnox Electric -- which would hold a proportion of the old CEGB\'s nuclear stations, its older Magnox reactors. The assets of Magnox Electric were later combined with BNFL in 1998, and eventually operated and managed by US based EnergySolutions through its June 2007 acquisition of the BNFL subsidiary -- Reactor Sites Management Company.
In 2009, British Energy was acquired by Électricité de France (EDF); and on 1 July 2010, British Energy was rebranded to EDF Energy.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,128 |
List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Portugal
|
The **Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Portugal** is the United Kingdom\'s foremost diplomatic representative in the Portuguese Republic, and head of the UK\'s diplomatic mission in Portugal.
For ambassadors from the Court of St James\'s to Portugal before 1707, see List of ambassadors of the Kingdom of England to Portugal. For Ambassadors from 1707 to 1800, see List of ambassadors of Great Britain to Portugal.
## List of heads of mission {#list_of_heads_of_mission}
### Envoys of the United Kingdom to Portugal {#envoys_of_the_united_kingdom_to_portugal}
- 1800--1802: John Hookham Frere *Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal*
- 1802--1806: Lord Robert FitzGerald *Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Lisbon*
- 1806: Lord Rosslyn and Lord St Vincent, extraordinary envoys
- 1806: Viscount Strangford *chargé d\'affaires*
### Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary {#envoy_extraordinary_and_minister_plenipotentiary}
- 1807--1808: Viscount Strangford
- 1808--1810: John Charles Villiers
- 1810--1814: Sir Charles Stuart
- 1814--1817: Thomas Sydenham
- 1817--1820: Sir Edward Thornton
- 1820--1823: Edward Michael Ward (chargé d\'affaires)
- 1823--1824: Sir Edward Thornton
### Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary {#ambassador_extraordinary_and_plenipotentiary}
- 1824--1827: Sir William à Court
- 1827--1828: Sir Frederick Lamb
- 1828--1833: *Diplomatic relations severed after accession of King Miguel*
### Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary {#envoy_extraordinary_and_minister_plenipotentiary_1}
- 1833--1846: Lord Howard de Walden
- 1846--1851: Sir George Seymour
- 1851--1855: Sir Richard Pakenham
- 1855--1859: Henry Howard
- 1859--1866: Sir Arthur Magenis
- 1866--1867: Sir Augustus Paget
- September--December 1867: Edward Thornton
- 1867--1874: Sir Charles Murray
- 1874--1876: Robert Bulwer-Lytton
- 1876--1881: Robert Morier
- 1881--1884: Sir Charles Wyke
- 1884--1892: George Petre
- 1893--1902: Sir Hugh MacDonell
- 1902--1905: Sir Martin Gosselin
- 1905--1911: Sir Francis Villiers
- 1911--1913: Sir Arthur Hardinge
- 1913--*1924*: Sir Lancelot Carnegie
### Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary {#ambassador_extraordinary_and_plenipotentiary_1}
- *1924*--1928: Sir Lancelot Carnegie
- 1928--1929: Sir Colville Barclay
- 1929--1931: Sir Francis Lindley
- 1931--1935: Sir Claud Russell
- 1935--1937: Sir Charles Wingfield
- 1937--1940: Sir Walford Selby
- 1940--1945: Sir Ronald Campbell
- 1945--1947: Sir Owen St.Clair O\'Malley
- 1947--1955: Sir Nigel Ronald
- 1955--1961: Sir Charles Stirling
- 1961--1966: Sir Archibald Ross
- 1966--1970: Sir Anthony Lambert
- 1970--1974: Sir David Muirhead
- 1974--1976: Sir Nigel Trench
- 1976--1981: Sir John Moran (Lord Moran from 1977)
- 1981--1986: Sir Hugh Campbell Byatt (son of Sir Horace Archer Byatt)
- 1986--1989: Sir Michael Simpson-Orlebar
- 1989--1993: Hugh James Arbuthnott
- 1993--1995: Sir Stephen Wall
- 1995--1999: Roger Westbrook
- 1999--2001: Sir John Holmes
- 2001--2004: Dame Glynne Evans
- 2004--2007: John Buck
- 2007--2011: Alexander Ellis
- 2011--2014: Jill Gallard
- 2014--2018: Kirsty Hayes
- 2018--2024: Chris Sainty
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
- 2024--`{{as of|2024|4|alt=present}}`{=mediawiki}: Lisa Bandari
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,130 |
Dilawar Figar
|
**Dilawar Figar**, (8 July 1929 -- 25 January 1998) was a Pakistani humorist and poet. He was known as *Shehansha-e-Zarafat* (King of humor) and *Akbar-e-Sani* (Akbar the Second, after the late poet Akbar Allahabadi) for his satire and humour.
## Early life and career {#early_life_and_career}
Dilawar Figar was born as Dilawar Hussain on July 8, 1929 in Badaun, Uttar Pradesh, British India. He received his early education in his hometown, and later joined Agra University where he received his M.A. degree in (Urdu). He also did his M.A. in (English) and M.A. in (Economics). He associated himself with the teaching profession.
He migrated to Pakistan from India in 1968 and settled in Karachi. He joined *Abdullah Haroon College* as a teacher, where the renowned poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz was the principal at that time. Figar taught Urdu literature there. He also worked for Karachi Development Authority as an *Assistant Director-Town Planning*.
## Death and legacy {#death_and_legacy}
Dilawar Figar died on 25 January 1998 in Karachi at age 68. During a literary gathering on 31 January 1993 at Karachi Arts Council, he himself once described his imaginary death and how he left for the heavens and was refused entry into paradise by the guard angels because he had arrived before his scheduled time. The guard angels asked him to come back after five years and sent him back to earth. The audience laughed it off at that time but he proved to be approximately right about his actual time of death -- nearly 5 years later.
## Contribution to Urdu literature {#contribution_to_urdu_literature}
Figar started writing in 1942 at the age of fourteen and soon got help of fellow writers, Maulvi Jam Nawai Badayuni, Maulana Jami Badayuni. His literary work contain Ghazals, humorous poems, and their translation in English:
- *Mein Apna Vote Kis Ko Doon?*- This witty poem became very popular during the 1970 General Elections in Pakistan
- *Haadisay* (collections of Ghazals)
- *Sitam Zarifiañ* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Shamat-e-Aamaal* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Aadaab Arz* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Assar-e-Nau* (collections of humor)
- *Unglian Figar Apni* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Matla Arz Hai* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Century* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Khuda Jhoot Na Bulwa\'ay* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Chiragh-e-Khandañ* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Aaina-e-Raghib* (125 rubaiyat of Raghib Muradabadi)
- *Khushbu Ka Safar* (translation of selected English and American poetry)
- *Khoob Tar Kahan* (translation of \'Why Not the Best\' -- biography of President Jimmy Carter)
- *Aabshar-e-Noor* (poetic explanation of Sura Fatiha)
- *Sila-e-Shaheed Kia Hai ?* (poetic biography of recipients of Nishan-e-Haider martyrs)
- *Fi Sabeel Lillah* (collections of humor poetry)
- *Kaha Suna Maaf Karna* (collections of humor poetry)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,134 |
Albert Taillandier
|
**Albert Philippe Taillandier** (8 February 1879 in Paris -- 27 July 1945 in Auzances) was a French racing cyclist who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the men\'s sprint.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,138 |
Erzhu Shilong
|
**Erzhu Shilong** (爾朱世隆) (500 -- 20 May 532), courtesy name **Rongzong** (榮宗), was an official of the Xianbei-led Northern Wei dynasty of China. He first became prominent when after his cousin Erzhu Rong overthrew Emperor Xiaoming\'s mother Empress Dowager Hu (after she poisoned Emperor Xiaoming) and made Emperor Xiaozhuang emperor. Later, when Emperor Xiaozhuang killed Erzhu Rong in 530, Erzhu Shilong participated in the counterattack that overthrew Emperor Xiaozhuang, and thereafter controlled the imperial government during the reign of Emperor Jiemin. When the general Gao Huan, in turn, rebelled in response to Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s death, the officials in the imperial capital Luoyang rebelled against the Erzhus, and Erzhu Shilong was executed after failing to flee Luoyang.
## Background
Erzhu Shilong was a cousin of Erzhu Rong and a fellow member of the ethnic Xiongnu Qihu (契胡) tribe, of which Erzhu Rong was chief. (They were at most as close as second cousins, as they did not have the same grandfather.) Unlike Erzhu Rong, who served his entire career as a general and not a civilian official, Erzhu Shilong was part of the imperial administration during the reign of Emperor Xiaoming, although he became a commander of the imperial guards as well.
In 528, Emperor Xiaoming, in a dispute with his mother Empress Dowager Hu over the continued control of the imperial administration along with her lover Zheng Yan (鄭儼) and Zheng\'s associate Xu Ge (徐紇), conspired with Erzhu Rong to have Erzhu Rong advance on the capital Luoyang to force Empress Dowager Hu to yield power. When Empress Dowager Hu discovered this, she poisoned Emperor Xiaoming to death and made his distant toddler nephew, Yuan Zhao, emperor. Erzhu Rong immediately denounced her publicly. In order to try to calm Erzhu Rong, Empress Dowager Hu sent Erzhu Shilong to him to try to explain her actions, and while Erzhu Rong wanted to keep Erzhu Shilong with him, Erzhu Shilong chose to return to Luoyang, reasoning that if he did not, Empress Dowager Hu would be aware that Erzhu Rong was planning to attack Luoyang and would take precautions.
Erzhu Rong soon advanced quickly on Luoyang; as he did, Erzhu Shilong secretly fled out of Luoyang and joined him at Shangdang (上黨, in modern Changzhi, Shanxi). Empress Dowager Hu\'s forces surrendered without significant combat. Erzhu Rong made Yuan Ziyou the Prince of Changle emperor (as Emperor Xiaozhuang), while throwing Empress Dowager Hu and Yuan Zhao into the Yellow River to drown. He also slaughtered a large number of imperial officials, and he installed a number of his close associates, among whom was Erzhu Shilong, into high positions in the imperial government.
## Under Erzhu Rong\'s command {#under_erzhu_rongs_command}
Emperor Xiaozhuang made Erzhu Shilong *`{{Transliteration|cmn|pushe}}`{=mediawiki}* (僕射) \-- a high level imperial official---and made him in charge of the civil service system. Erzhu Shilong, initially fearing that he was not capable for the position, spent much time and energy studying the laws and regulations, and reformed the system so that it was no longer strictly seniority-based. He received much praise for the reforms. Emperor Xiaozhuang also created him the Duke of Leping.
In 529, when Yuan Hao the Prince of Beihai, claimed the throne with the support by rival Liang Dynasty\'s troops, and Yuan Hao invaded and advanced toward Luoyang, Emperor Xiaozhuang made Erzhu Shilong be in charge of the key fortress of Hulao (虎牢, in modern Zhengzhou, Henan). Erzhu Shilong, however, lacked military talent, and when the Liang general Chen Qingzhi (陳慶之) captured the nearby city of Yingyang (滎陽, also in modern Zhengzhou), Erzhu Shilong, in panic, abandoned Hulao and fled back to Luoyang, causing Emperor Xiaozhuang to flee the capital. Because of this, when Emperor Xiaozhuang was north of the Yellow River, he demoted Erzhu Shilong to be the governor of Xiang Province (相州, roughly modern Handan, Hebei), but after Emperor Xiaozhuang returned to Luoyang later that year after Erzhu Rong defeated Yuan Hao, Erzhu Shilong was restored to his position as *`{{Transliteration|cmn|pushe}}`{=mediawiki}*.
Emperor Xiaozhuang eventually came to fear that Erzhu Rong had designs on the throne. These fears were exacerbated by the chilly relationship that Emperor Xiaozhuang had with his wife, Erzhu Rong\'s daughter Empress Erzhu Ying\'e, because of Empress Erzhu\'s jealousy. Emperor Xiaozhuang once asked Erzhu Shilong to try to ask Empress Erzhu to change her ways, and during the conversation Erzhu Shilong had with Empress Erzhu, she remarked that the Erzhus made Emperor Xiaozhuang emperor and that the situation was still changeable. Erzhu Shilong commented that if Erzhu Rong had taken the throne, he would have been an imperial prince. In 530, when Empress Erzhu became pregnant, Erzhu Rong arrived in the capital to attend to her birth, and it around this time that Emperor Xiaozhuang plotted with the officials Yuan Hui (元徽) the Prince of Chengyang, Li Yu (李彧), Yang Kan (楊侃), and Yuan Luo (元羅) to ambush Erzhu Rong. Erzhu Shilong heard rumors of this, and he personally wrote a warning to Erzhu Rong, but Erzhu Rong failed to heed the warning. Subsequently, when Erzhu Rong was in the palace, Emperor Xiaozhuang ambushed and killed him. Erzhu Shilong and Erzhu Rong\'s wife Princess Beixiang fought their way out of the capital.
## Campaign against Emperor Xiaozhuang {#campaign_against_emperor_xiaozhuang}
Initially, Erzhu Shilong was going to lead the remnants of Erzhu Rong\'s guards immediately to the Erzhus\' stronghold of Jinyang (晉陽, in modern Taiyuan, Shanxi), then guarded by Erzhu Rong\'s nephew Erzhu Zhao. Erzhu Rong\'s strategist Sima Ziru (司馬子如) advised Erzhu Shilong that he needed to quickly make a show of strength to Emperor Xiaozhuang before doing so, and Erzhu Shilong therefore attacked and seized both Beizhong (北中, a fortress directly north of Luoyang across the Yellow River) and the Yellow River bridge connecting Luoyang and Beizhong. Emperor Xiaozhuang tried to get Erzhu Shilong to submit by offering him an \"iron certificate\" (鐵券, *tie quan*, which could be used against a death-eligible crime) to Erzhu Shilong if he would be willing to give up resisting. Erzhu Shilong refused---declaring that if Erzhu Rong could be killed after accomplishing so much, the certificate was meaningless. Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s troops and the Erzhus\' troops stalemated for half a month, before an ambush by Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s official Li Miao (李苗) destroyed the Yellow River bridge, causing Erzhu Shilong to decide to march north. Erzhu Shilong met with Erzhu Zhao at Zhangzi (長子, in modern Changzhi, Shanxi), and they jointly declared Princess Beixiang\'s nephew Yuan Ye the Prince of Changguang emperor, as a competing candidate for the throne. Yuan Ye created Erzhu Shilong the Prince of Leping.
Soon, the Erzhu forces, under Erzhu Zhao\'s command, advanced south and caught Emperor Xiaozhuang, who did not expect Erzhu Zhao to be able to cross the Yellow River easily, by surprise when he had his army ride on horsebacks across the river around the new year 531. Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s imperial guards collapsed, and he was captured by Erzhu Zhao\'s cavalry soldiers and imprisoned, less than three months after he killed Erzhu Rong. Erzhu Zhao killed Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s infant son (by Empress Erzhu), while allowing his soldiers to pillage Luoyang, killing many officials and raping many honored women.
Erzhu Zhao, believing that he had accomplished much, was arrogant in his attitude toward Erzhu Shilong, blaming Erzhu Shilong for failing to sufficiently warn Erzhu Rong. Erzhu Shilong apologized profusely, but bore resentment against Erzhu Zhao after that point. However, Erzhu Zhao soon returned to Jinyang, leaving Erzhu Shilong in control of Luoyang and the imperial administration. Erzhu Shilong, meanwhile, apprehensive that Yuan Ye\'s mother Lady Wei might exert political influence, had her assassinated, but staging the assassination to look like a robbery.
## Subsequent control of power {#subsequent_control_of_power}
Erzhu Zhao soon had Emperor Xiaozhuang strangled to death. In light of the Erzhus\' death, they controlled all the important functions of the government, and Erzhu Shilong controlled the imperial government, quickly reorganizing it and restoring order in Luoyang. Erzhu Zhao was recognized the paramount military authority, and controlled the provinces north of the Yellow River, while Erzhu Rong\'s nephew Erzhu Tianguang controlled the Guanzhong region, and Erzhu Shilong\'s brother Erzhu Zhongyuan (爾朱仲遠) controlled the southeastern provinces.
In early 531, before the new emperor Yuan Ye could arrive in Luoyang, Erzhu Shilong and his brothers Erzhu Zhongyuan and Erzhu Yanbo (爾朱彥伯), as well as Erzhu Tianguang, because Yuan Ye\'s lineage was distant from that of recent emperors, believed him to be an inappropriate choice as emperor. Erzhu Tianguang proposed Yuan Gong the Prince of Guangling, a grandson of Emperor Xianwen, who had been well regarded by the populace. Erzhu Shilong sent Erzhu Yanbo to force Yuan Gong to accept the throne, and Yuan Gong agreed. When Yuan Ye arrived in Luoyang, Erzhu Shilong forced him to yield the throne to Yuan Gong, who took the throne as Emperor Jiemin. (Erzhu Zhao, who was not consulted, was initially angry and considered attacking Erzhu Shilong. He only calmed down after Erzhu Shilong sent Erzhu Yanbo to Jinyang to explain the decision to him.)
Erzhu Shilong, by this point, had grown complacent and arrogant, and no longer paid as much attention to handling his duties as well as he had done during Emperor Xiaozhuang\'s reign. He tried to appease military commanders by promoting most of them to generals, and as a result, the \"general\" title became no longer a valued one.
## Defeat by Gao Huan and death {#defeat_by_gao_huan_and_death}
Meanwhile, the other members of the Erzhu clan were also growing corrupt, particularly Erzhu Zhongyuan. The general Gao Huan, who had been a follower of Erzhu Rong, believed that the Erzhus could be overthrown, and rebelled in summer 531. The members of the Erzhu clan were largely unconcerned, due to Gao\'s inferiority in numbers, but Erzhu Shilong, knowing Gao\'s abilities, was concerned. Gao soon declared another distant member of the imperial Yuan clan, Yuan Lang, emperor. When the Erzhu forces converged at Guang\'a (廣阿, in modern Xingtai, Hebei) to face Gao, Gao used false rumors to make them suspicious of each other---by making Erzhu Zhao believe that Erzhu Shilong and his brothers were conspiring against him, and by making Erzhu Shilong and Erzhu Zhongyuan believing that Erzhu Zhao was conspiring with Gao. As a result, after a major quarrel between Erzhu Zhao and Erzhu Zhongyuan, Erzhu Zhongyuan and Erzhu Rong\'s cousin Erzhu Dulü (爾朱度律) withdrew, leaving Erzhu Zhao, albeit with still a much larger army than Gao\'s, alone against Gao. Gao subsequently defeated him, and, brushing his army aside, continued to advance south, entering the important city Yecheng in spring 532.
The Erzhu forces recoalesced, and to cement the unity, under Erzhu Shilong\'s suggestion, Emperor Jiemin married a daughter of Erzhu Zhao as his empress. Erzhu Zhao thereafter made a counterattack, trying to capture Yecheng, but was defeated by Gao. After the defeat, instead of turning his army back to Luoyang to join with Erzhu Shilong and Erzhu Tianguang (who had by this point arrived from his base in Chang\'an), Erzhu Zhao returned to Jinyang. The general Husi Chun rose against the Erzhus at Luoyang, capturing Erzhu Shilong and Erzhu Yanbo, and then beheaded them outside the city gates.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,139 |
List of British children's and young adults' literature titles (1900–1949)
|
This is a **list of British children\'s and young adults\' literature titles** including the representative titles of authors listed in List of British children\'s and young adults\' authors (1900--1949). This list has no more than six titles per author.
- *The Abbey Series* (1914--1959)
- *Biggles Flies East* (1935)
- *Billy Bunter of Greyfriars School*
- *Brendon Chase* (1944)
- *The Camels Are Coming* (1932)
- *Dimsie Goes To School* (1925; originally *The Senior Prefect* \[1921\])
- *Dimsie Moves Up* (1921)
- *Five Children and It* (1902)
- *Five on a Treasure Island* (1942)
- *The Hobbit* (1937)
- *The House at Pooh Corner* (1928)
- *Just Jane* (1928)
- *Just William* (1922)
- *The Little Grey Men* (1942)
- *The Little Lost Hen* (1946)
- *A Little Princess* (1905)
- *The Lord of the Rings* (books completed by J. R. R. Tolkien in 1948)
- *The Fellowship of the Ring* (1954)
- *The Two Towers* (1954)
- *The Return of the King* (1955)
- *The Lost Prince* (1915)
- *The Little Bookroom* (1955)
- *The Magic World* (1912)
- *Meredith and Co.* (1933)
- *The Mystery of the Burnt Cottage* (1943)
- *No Boats on Bannermere* (1949)
- *Old Peter\'s Russian Tales* (1916)
- *The Once and Future King*
- *The Sword in the Stone* (1938)
- *The Queen of Air and Darkness* (1939)
- *The Ill-Made Knight* (1940)
- *The Candle in the Wind* (first published in the composite edition, 1958)
- *Peter and Wendy* (1911)
- *Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens* (1906)
- *The Phoenix and the Carpet* (1904)
- *A Popular Schoolgirl* (1920)
- *The Railway Children* (1906)
- *The Railway Series* (1945)
- *The School at the Chalet* (1925)
- *The Secret Garden* (1911)
- *The Squirrel, The Hare and the Little Grey Rabbit* (1929)
- *The Story of the Amulet* (1906)
- *The Story of Doctor Dolittle* (1920)
- *Swallows and Amazons series*
- *Swallows and Amazons* (1930)
- *Swallowdale* (1931)
- *The Tailor of Gloucester* (1903)
- *The Tale of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle* (1905)
- *The Tale of Peter Rabbit* (1902)
- *The Tale of the Pie and the Patty-Pan* (1905)
- *The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin* (1903)
- *The Tale of Tom Kitten* (1907)
- *The Wind in the Willows* (1908)
- *Winnie-the-Pooh* (1926)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,148 |
Williams Lea Tag
|
**Williams Lea Group Limited**, branded **Williams Lea**, is a global company that offers business process outsourcing (BPO) to large companies. Founded in 1820 as a company providing printing services to the financial industry, Williams Lea went through a number of changes to its business model and now provides services including presentations and creative services, business and administrative support, and office services.
The German postal and logistics company Deutsche Post bought a majority stake in the company in 2006.
Williams Lea purchased the design and production agency Tag Worldwide in 2011, and adopted the company\'s name into its own brand.
Deutsche Post sold Williams Lea Tag to Advent International in 2017. Advent International completed its [purchase](https://www.printweek.com/print-week/news/1163037/new-ceo-in-place-at-williams-lea-tag) of Williams Lea Tag from Deutsche Post DHL Group. In 2023, Dentsu Group Inc. acquired Tag.
## History
Williams Lea was founded in 1820 by John Wertheimer, who opened a printing business in London.
Williams Lea Tag has undergone rapid expansion in recent years due to the rise in corporate outsourcing of support functions. Growth has largely been organic, but it has made several acquisitions:
- In October 2004, it acquired U.S.-based Bowne Business Solutions, a long-term joint venture partner, from Bowne & Co. for \$190.8 million.
- In August 2005, it acquired U.S.-based Uniscribe for \$36.1 million and Australia-based Creatis for \$7.7 million.
- In November 2006, it acquired UK-based The Stationery Office for £130 million.
- In 2007, Deutsche Post rebranded its German service lines document management, transactional print, mailroom services, and direct marketing/fulfillment as Williams Lea Deutschland. These service lines were re-integrated into Deutsche Post in 2010. Currently Williams Lea in Germany offers marketing solutions and presentation services.
- In November 2007, Deutsche Post acquired legal process outsourcing (LPO) company Centric LPO for an undisclosed sum.
- On 12 July 2011 Williams Lea purchased the design and production agency Tag Worldwide for an undisclosed sum.
- On 24 August 2017 Williams Lea Tag was acquired by Advent International, a private equity company and domain name wltadvent.com redirects to wlt.com
- On 30 June 2023 Tag was acquired by Japanese marketing giant Dentsu Group Inc.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,153 |
Fernand Sanz
|
**Fernando \"Fernand\" Sanz y Martínez de Arizala** (28 February 1881 -- 8 January 1925) was a Spanish-born naturalized French racing cyclist, younger of two illegitimate sons of King Alfonso XII of Spain and his mistress, Elena Sanz. He participated in cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris for France, and there won the silver medal in the men\'s sprint.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,160 |
Samuli Aro
|
**Samuli Aro** (born 12 April 1975 in Järvenpää) is a Finnish enduro rider. He is a five-time World Enduro Champion and has also won the International Six Days Enduro (ISDE) World Trophy with Team Finland five times.
Aro debuted in the World Enduro Championship in 1998, and took his first world title in 2002 with Husqvarna in the 250 cc class. After moving to KTM for the 2003 season, he placed second in the championship behind Honda\'s Stefan Merriman. He went on to win the World Enduro Championship three times in a row; in 2004 in the Enduro 3 class, and in 2005 and 2006 in the Enduro 2 class. In the 2008 season, after a second place to Honda rider Mika Ahola in 2007, Aro became one of the few enduro riders to win five world championship titles. He retired from the world championship after the 2009 season, during which he placed fourth in the standings.
## Career summary {#career_summary}
Season Series Class Team Wins Final placing
-------- --------------------------- -------- ----------- ------ ---------------
1998 World Enduro Championship 125 cc Yamaha 0 19th
1999 World Enduro Championship 125 cc Yamaha 0 9th
2000 World Enduro Championship 250 cc Yamaha 0 8th
2001 World Enduro Championship 250 cc Husqvarna 3 3rd
2002 World Enduro Championship 250 cc Husqvarna 11 1st
2003 World Enduro Championship 250 cc KTM 5 2nd
2004 World Enduro Championship E3 KTM 11 1st
2005 World Enduro Championship E2 KTM 5 1st
2006 World Enduro Championship E2 KTM 6 1st
2007 World Enduro Championship E2 KTM 2 2nd
2008 World Enduro Championship E3 KTM 5 1st
2009 World Enduro Championship E3 KTM 0 4th
### ISDE
Season Location Class Team Final placing
-------- ------------------------------------ -------------- --------- ---------------
1999 Coimbra, Portugal World Trophy Finland 1st
2000 Granada, Spain World Trophy Finland 18th
2001 Brive-la-Gaillarde, France World Trophy Finland 16th
2002 Jablonec nad Nisou, Czech Republic World Trophy Finland 1st
2003 Fortaleza, Brazil World Trophy Finland 1st
2004 Kielce, Poland World Trophy Finland 1st
2005 Považská Bystrica, Slovakia World Trophy Finland 2nd
2006 Taupō, New Zealand World Trophy Finland 1st
2009 Figueira da Foz, Portugal World Trophy Finland 3rd
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,165 |
List of early-20th-century British children's literature illustrators
|
This is a **list of early-20th-century British children\'s literature illustrators**. It is organised by order of date of birth where shown, then alphabetically by surname.
- W. Graham Robertson (1866--1948)
- Arthur Rackham (1867--1939)
- H. R. Millar (1869--1940)
- Charles Robinson (1870--1937)
- W. Heath Robinson (1872--1944)
- Steven Spurrier (1878--1961)
- E. H. Shepherd (1879--1976)
- Thomas Henry Fisher (1879--1962)
- Gerald Spencer Pryse (1882--1956)
- Evelyn Paul (1883--1963)
- Arthur Ransome (1884--1967)
- Clifford Webb (1895--1972)
- Joyce Lankester Brisley (1896--1978)
- Norah Montgomerie (1909--1998)
Illustrators children\'s literature illustrators 20th-century Category:Lists of 20th-century people Category:British literature-related lists
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,183 |
Association for Latin Liturgy
|
The **Association for Latin Liturgy** is a British lay Catholic organisation which promotes greater use of Latin in the Mass. It was founded in 1969 by Dick Richens who was formerly a member of the Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Unlike the Latin Mass Society, the Association for Latin Liturgy does not insist on just the Tridentine Mass, but also the Mass of Paul VI in Latin. Indeed, it was because the Latin Mass Society voted not to adopt the New Mass that some members left as they felt that such a move could be considered schismatic. Its stated aims are as follows:
- to promote understanding of the theological, pastoral and spiritual qualities of the liturgy in Latin
- to preserve the sacredness and dignity of the Roman rite
- to secure, for the present and future generations, the Church\'s unique inheritance of liturgical music
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,187 |
List of early-20th-century British children's magazines and annuals
|
Numerous magazines and annuals for children were published in Britain from the mid-19th century onward. Many of the magazines produced their own annuals, which sometimes shared the name of the magazine exactly, as *Little Folks*, or slightly modified, as *The Boy\'s Own Paper* and *The Girl\'s Own Paper* (first-listed below).
This list includes magazines that started before or finished after the period 1900 to 1949.
- *The Boy\'s Own Paper* and *Boy\'s Own Annual* (1879--1967)
- *The Girl\'s Own Paper* and *Girl\'s Own Annual* (1880--1956)
- *Jabberwock: A Monthly Magazine for Boys and Girls* (1905--07)
- *The Magnet* (1908--40)
- *Schoolgirl\'s Own Annual* (1921--36)
- *Greyfriars Holiday Annual* (1920s)
- *British Girl\'s Annual* (1920s)
- *Hulton\'s Girls\' Stories* (1920s)
- *Mrs Strang\'s Annual* (1919--26)
- *Oxford Annual for Girls* (1927--39)
- *Little Folks* (1871--1932)
- *The Dandy* (1937--)
- *The Beano* (1938--)
- *The Gem* (1907--39)
- *Girls\' Friend* (1899--1931)
- *Girls\' Realm* (1890s--1914)
- *School Friend* (1919--29)
- *Schoolgirl* (1929--40)
- *Rover* (1922--73)
- *Hotspur* (1933--81)
- *Modern Wonder* (1930s and early 1940s)
- *Wizard* (1922--80s)
- *The Children\'s Newspaper* (1919--65)
- *Every Girl\'s Magazine* (1878--?)
- *The Lion Annual* (1954--82)
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,192 |
Rolls-Royce RB.106
|
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 8, column 3):
unexpected '{'
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
^
```
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,219 |
Declaration of Religious Harmony
|
The **Declaration of Religious Harmony** of Singapore is a statement that affirms the importance of, and the commitment of Singaporeans towards, religious harmony. It is a basis for Singaporeans to reflect on religious harmony, and what should be done to achieve it.
The idea of having a Code on Religious Harmony was proposed by the then Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong in September or October 2002. This followed strains in racial harmony in the country following the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States and the arrest and detention of members of the Jemaah Islamiyah terrorist network in Singapore in December 2001.
The Declaration was issued on 9 June 2003 by a working committee chaired by Minister of State Chan Soo Sen and involving the national bodies of all mainstream religious groups in Singapore, after six months of intense debate over its wording.
Subsequently, an Inter-Religious Harmony Circle (IRHC) comprising representatives of the religious groups involved in the working committee was formed to promote the Declaration. The IRHC has encouraged Singaporeans to recite the Declaration during the week when Racial Harmony Day (21 July) is marked every year.
## Text of the declaration {#text_of_the_declaration}
: We, the people in Singapore, declare that religious harmony is vital for peace, progress and prosperity in our multi-racial and multi-religious Nation.
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
: We resolve to strengthen religious harmony through mutual tolerance, confidence, respect, and understanding.
```{=html}
<!-- -->
```
: We shall always
: Recognise the secular nature of our State,
: Promote cohesion within our society,
: Respect each other\'s freedom of religion,
: Grow our common space while respecting our diversity,
: Foster inter-religious communications,
: and thereby ensure that religion will not be abused to create conflict and disharmony in Singapore.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,235 |
Lloyd Hildebrand
|
**Lloyd Augustin Biden Hildebrand** (25 December 1870, in Tottenham, United Kingdom -- 1 April 1924, in Levallois-Perret, France) was a British-born racing cyclist who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Hildebrand was still a British citizen in 1900, although he lived in France for much of his life and married a Frenchwoman. He participated in cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, winning the silver medal in the men\'s 25 kilometre race. as well as the bronze medal 1900 Track Cycling World Championships.
Historically, his Olympic success was regarded as a British medal, but in 2024 his success was reassigned to France by the International Olympic Committee.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,239 |
Nelli Cooman
|
**Cornelli** \"**Nelli**\" **Antoinette Hariëtte Cooman** (born 6 June 1964) is a former Dutch athlete of Surinamese origin. At the 60 metres, she is two-time World indoor champion, six-time European indoor champion and former world record holder, running 7.00 secs in 1986. She also won 19 national titles.
## Early life {#early_life}
Cooman grew up in Suriname in a family together with four sisters and one brother. When she was eight, the family moved to Rotterdam in the Netherlands. She started to play soccer and soon got the nickname \"Miss Pele\". At sixteen, she was discovered to be a very good sprinter during a sporting event at school; thus she began a career in athletics. Three months later, she competed in the European Junior Championships in Utrecht and finished seventh in the 100 m sprint. At seventeen, she won the silver medal in the National Championships. After graduating secondary school, she turned professional with Henk Kraaijenhof as trainer.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
During her time as a professional athlete from 1984 to 1995, she was twice world indoor champion in the 60 m (1987 and 1989), and six times European indoor champion. At the 1986 European Indoor Championships, she won in a time of 7.00 seconds, setting a world record. Because of that achievement, she was elected Dutch Sportswoman of the year. Her world record lasted until February 1992 and still stands as national record. Cooman took part twice in the Summer Olympics for the Netherlands: in 1988 in the 100 metres and 4 × 100 m relay and in 1992 in 100 metres.
In 1995, Cooman ended her career as a professional athlete.
## Personal bests {#personal_bests}
Event Location Date Record
------------ ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------------- --------
50 metres 6.19 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki} Ottawa, Canada 31 January 1987
55 metres 6.65 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki} New York, New York, United States 30 January 1987
60 metres 7.00 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki} Madrid, Spain 23 February 1986
100 metres 11.08 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki} Stuttgart, Germany 27 August 1986
11.08 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki} Seoul, South Korea 24 September 1988
: Personal best performances
## International competitions {#international_competitions}
1984 European Indoor Championships Gothenburg, Sweden 3rd 60 m 7.23 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
------ ------------------------------- -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- ----------------- ----------------------------------
1985 European Indoor Championships Piraeus, Greece 1st 60 m 7.10 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
1986 European Indoor Championships Madrid, Spain 1st 60 m 7.00 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
European Championships Stuttgart, West Germany 3rd 100 m 11.08
7th 4 × 100 m relay 44.38
1987 European Indoor Championships Lievin, France 1st 60 m 7.01 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
World Indoor Championships Indianapolis, Indiana, United States 1st 60 m 7.08 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
World Championships Rome, Italy 13th (`{{AthAbbr|sf}}`{=mediawiki}) 100 m 11.21
1988 European Indoor Championships Budapest, Hungary 1st 60 m 7.04 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
Olympic Games Seoul, South Korea 12th (`{{AthAbbr|sf}}`{=mediawiki}) 100 m 11.13
8th (`{{AthAbbr|sf}}`{=mediawiki}) 4 × 100 m relay 43.48
1989 European Indoor Championships The Hague, Netherlands 1st 60 m 7.15 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
World Indoor Championships Budapest, Hungary 1st 60 m 7.05 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
1990 European Indoor Championships Glasgow, United Kingdom 3rd 60 m 7.14 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
1991 World Indoor Championships Seville, Spain 9th (`{{AthAbbr|sf}}`{=mediawiki}) 60 m 7.28 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
1992 Olympic Games Barcelona, Spain 17th (`{{AthAbbr|qf}}`{=mediawiki}) 100 m 11.55
1993 World Indoor Championships Toronto, Canada 7th 60 m 7.29 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
1994 European Indoor Championships Paris, France 1st 60 m 7.17 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
European Championships Helsinki, Finland 5th 100 m 11.40
1995 World Indoor Championships Barcelona, Spain 6th 60 m 7.17 `{{AthAbbr|i}}`{=mediawiki}
## Trivia
Since 1997, the Nelli Cooman Games are organised in the city of Stadskanaal. At first, these games were only for youth-category competitors, but they grew to be a national A-status KNAU (Royal Dutch Athletics Federation) event. Cooman is the honorary chairwoman of this event.
Dutch singer Gerard Cox wrote a song about Nelli Cooman to a tune by Stevie Wonder.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,246 |
Consortium of Collegiate Agricultural Organizations
|
**The Consortium of Collegiate Agriculture Organizations** was an organization to assist future leaders of the agriculture industry with career opportunities, leadership development, and ideas to make the member organizations more effective. It held its first AGM in 2006 at the headquarters of John Deere in Moline, Illinois.
## Mission
The Consortium of Collegiate Agriculture Organizations stated in 2007 that its mission is to maximize collaboration of the 17 charter collegiate agricultural organizations and industry partners to enhance the personal, organizational, career and community education of future leaders.
## Members
In 2007, the members of CCAO were:
- Agriculture Future of America (AFA)
- Agricultural Communicators of Tomorrow (ACT)
- Alpha Gamma Rho fraternity (AGR)
- Alpha Gamma Sigma fraternity (AGS)
- Alpha Tau Alpha (ATA)
- Alpha Zeta
- Block and Bridle
- Collegiate 4-H
- Collegiate FFA
- FarmHouse fraternity
- Minorities in Agriculture, National Resources and Related Sciences (MANRRS)
- National Agri-Marketing Association (NAMA)
- National Agricultural Alumni and Development Association (NAADA)
- National Association of Landscape Professionals
- National Postsecondary Agricultural Student Organization (PAS)
- Sigma Alpha sorority
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,255 |
List of Beck soundtracks
|
The following is a list of the original soundtracks and singles from the Japanese manga series *Beck*, and its anime and live-action film adaptations.
## Songs
### Beat Crusaders - Hit in the USA {#beat_crusaders___hit_in_the_usa}
The anime\'s opening theme song.
1. Beat Crusaders - Hit in the USA
2. Beat Crusaders - Super Collider
3. Beat Crusaders - B.A.D.
### Meister - Above The Clouds {#meister___above_the_clouds}
The anime\'s first ending theme song.
1. Meister - Above The Clouds
2. Meister - My World Down
### Beat Crusaders - Moon on the Water {#beat_crusaders___moon_on_the_water}
The anime\'s second ending theme song. Lyrics written by Sowelu. Was not released as an actual single.
1. Beat Crusaders - Moon on the Water
## Original soundtracks {#original_soundtracks}
### *Greatful Sound: Tribute to Beck* {#greatful_sound_tribute_to_beck}
***Greatful Sound: Tribute to Beck*** was released as a promotional collectible for the *Beck* manga. The title \"Greatful Sound\" comes from the music festival featured in the series.
1. Choke Sleeper - Leave Me Alone
2. Nice Marbles - Furouto
3. Smorgas - Dead Man
4. Loop-Line - Flow
5. Badfish - Up Set Vibration
6. Beratrek with Poly-1 from Polysics - Let\'s Groove or Die
7. 54 Nude Honeys - Fat Liver
8. Bazra~\[ja\]~ - Yureru
9. Coaltar of the Deepers - h.s.k.s.
10. Rumtag - Melody
### *Beck: Animation Beck Soundtrack* {#beck_animation_beck_soundtrack}
***Beck: Animation Beck Soundtrack*** is the first soundtrack album for the anime adaptation of the *Beck* manga. It contains all the songs used in the anime (excluding instrumental background scores). Most of the music on this album was done by Beat Crusaders working with the characters\' voice actors, but are credited to the series\' fictional bands, such as Beck and The Dying Breed.
1. Beck - Brainstorm
2. Beck - Spice of Life
3. Chounaikaichuu no Musuko Band - Mad House
4. Maho Minami - Sly
5. Beck - Face
6. Belle Ame - Lost Melody
7. Rocket Boys - Follow Me
8. Kuniyoshi Chiemi - Genki wo Dashite
9. The Dying Breed feat. Yukio Tanaka - Moon on the Water
10. Beck - Like A Foojin
11. Ciel Bleu - Youkai Ningen Bem
12. Hyoudou Band - Gymnasium
13. Tsunemi Chiba - Reloaded
14. Musicmans feat. Manabu Miyazawa - Journey
15. Saitou San Band feat. Koyuki Tanaka & Maho Minami - Follow Me
16. The Dying Breed - My World Down
17. Hyoudou Band 2 - Love Dischord
18. Beck - By Her
19. Beck - I\'ve Got a Feeling (The Beatles cover)
20. Beck - Slip Out
21. Koyuki Tanaka & Maho Minami - Moon on the Water
22. The Pillows - Last Dinosaur (Ep. 26 - The Heroes band with Taira)
### *Keith: Animation Beck Soundtrack* {#keith_animation_beck_soundtrack}
***Keith: Animation Beck Soundtrack*** is the second soundtrack album for the anime adaptation of the *Beck* manga. It contains the hit songs from the first soundtrack in their original forms, prior to the anime\'s covers of them.
1. Typhoon24 feat. Tatsuzo of YKZ - Spice of Life
2. Tropical Gorilla - Big Muff
3. Up Hold - Endless Traveling Map
4. Goofy\'s Holiday - Piece of Tears
5. Typhoon24 Feat. Tatsuzo of YKZ - Like a Foojin
6. Goofy\'s Holiday - Journey
7. Beat Crusaders - 50¢ Wisdom
8. Husking Bee - Brightest
9. Sister - Face
10. Meister - I Call You Love
11. 10-Feet - Little More Than Before
12. Beat Crusaders - Moon on the Water
### *Beck: The Movie Soundtrack* {#beck_the_movie_soundtrack}
***Beck: The Movie Soundtrack*** is the soundtrack album for the live-action film adaptation of the *Beck* manga. Almost all of the songs are instrumental.
1. Kotringo - Koyuki
2. Suble - Wait a Minute
3. Robert Gabriel - The Promise
4. Kotringo - Dash
5. Robert Gabriel - The Contact
6. Yamaruku Manchester - Maho\'s Ringtone
7. Shigekazu Aida - Charlie Don\'t Surf
8. Takeshi Shibuya feat. Curly Giraffe - Candy Girl
9. Robert Gabriel - Sudden Attack
10. Suble - Day Labor Blues
11. Suble - Fist of Fury
12. Kotringo - Koyuki and Saku
13. Suble - Large Global Expansion Strategy
14. Kotringo - Kiss\~School
15. Robert Gabriel - Burned Pride
16. Yassy - Now on Sale
17. Robert Gabriel - The Whole Beginning
18. Kotringo - Triangle
19. Robert Gabriel - Bad Feelings
20. Robert Gabriel - The Abducted
21. Kotringo - Taikukanmae
22. Robert Gabriel - The Rapper\'s Grief
23. Kotringo - Passing
24. Robert Gabriel - Let the Battle Begin
25. Robert Gabriel - The Fight for no Return
26. Kotringo - The Stage
27. Kotringo - Koyuki and Maho
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,277 |
Giustino de Jacobis
|
**Giustino Sebastiano Pasquale de Jacobis**, CM (9 October 1800 -- 31 July 1860) was an Italian Catholic bishop and member of the Congregation of the Mission who served as Apostolic Vicar of Abyssinia and the Titular Bishop of Nilopolis. He is often known in English-speaking countries as **Justin de Jacobis**.
## Life
Giustino Sebastiano Pasquale de Jacobis was born on 9 October 1800 at San Fele in the Province of Potenza. On 17 October 1818, he entered the Congregation of the Mission at Naples and made his religious vows there on 18 October 1820. He was ordained to the priesthood at Brindisi on 12 June 1824. After spending some time in the care of souls at Oria and Monopoli he became superior first at Lecce and then at Naples. He was among the priests who ministered during the cholera epidemic in Naples in 1836-1837.
In 1839, he was appointed as the first Prefect Apostolic of Ethiopia and entrusted with the foundation of Catholic missions there, a jurisdiction that included what is now Eritrea. He worked first in Adwa, celebrating the liturgy in the local language following the Alexandrian Rite. After laboring with great success in Ethiopia for almost a decade he was appointed as the Titular Bishop of Nilopolis in 1847 and not long afterwards the Vicar Apostolic. However he declined the episcopal honor until 1849 when he was prevailed upon to accept it and receive episcopal consecration in secret.
Jacobis built schools in Agame and Akele Guzay for the training of a native priesthood and in the process founding the beginnings of the Ethiopian Catholic Church and the Eritrean Catholic Church. His missionary efforts aroused opposition on the part of Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarch Abuna Salama III and Emperor Tewodros II which resulted in imprisonment and exile. Despite various other kinds of persecution, he founded numerous Catholic missions.
He died of fever in 1860 at Hebo of what is now the Southern Administrative Region of Eritrea, while en route to Halai, where he hoped to regain his health.
### Gabra Mika\'el {#gabra_mikael}
Jacobis befriended an Orthodox monk named Ghébrē-Michael. After some time Jacobis converted his friend to Catholicism and eventually ordained him to the priesthood. Together they co-wrote a catechism and established a seminary. Ghébrē-Michael was imprisoned at the same time as Jacobis, but Ghébrē-Michael not survive the maltreatment by his jailers. For his martyrdom, Ghébrē-Michael was beatified in 1926.
## Sainthood
The canonization process commenced in Ethiopia in 1891 in an informative process that finished in 1894. Theologians approved his writings in 1902 as being in line with the magisterium of the faith. The apostolic process then opened not long after in 1904 and concluded less than a decade later in 1913.
The formal commencement of the cause - in the pontificate of Pope Pius X - came on 13 July 1904 after having received the approval of the Congregation of Rites.
Jacobis was declared to be Venerable on 28 July 1935 after Pope Pius XI acknowledged the late bishop\'s life of heroic virtue. Pope Pius XII beatified him on 25 June 1939 while Pope Paul VI canonized him as a saint on 26 October 1975.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,287 |
Donald Mackay, 11th Lord Reay
|
**Donald James Mackay, 1st Baron Reay, 11th Lord Reay**, `{{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|KT|GCSI|GCIE|PC|FBA|JP|DL}}`{=mediawiki} (22 December 1839 -- 1 August 1921), in the Netherlands known as **Donald Jacob, Baron Mackay, Lord of Ophemert and Zennewijnen**, was a Dutch-born British administrator and Liberal politician.
## Background
Mackay was born *Donald Jacob baron Mackay* in The Hague, Netherlands, the son of Aeneas Mackay, 10th Lord Reay, a Dutch member of Parliament, and jonkvrouw Maria Catharina Anna Jacoba Fagel, daughter of mr. Jacob baron Fagel and jkvr. Maria Boreel, relative of the Boreel baronets.
## Political career {#political_career}
Lord Reay succeeded his father in 1876 and was naturalised as a British subject in 1877. He was created **Baron Reay**, of Durness in the County of Sutherland, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, in 1881. In 1885 he was appointed Governor of Bombay, a post he held until 1890. He was appointed a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire in 1887 and a Knight Grand Commander of the Most Exalted Order of the Star of India in 1890. After his return to Britain he served as Under-Secretary of State for India between 1894 and 1895 in Lord Rosebery Liberal administration. He was also a British delegate at the Second Peace Conference which led to the signing of the Hague Convention 1907. Other British delegates included Ernest Satow and Eyre Crowe.
Perhaps his most memorable contribution to politics was during the crisis over the People\'s Budget of 1909--10, where the House of Lords, violating a convention going back more than 200 years, rejected the Budget. Reay strongly opposed this act, and gave the memorable warning: \"Oligarchies are seldom destroyed and more frequently commit suicide\".
## Other public appointments {#other_public_appointments}
Apart from his political and administrative career Lord Reay was Rector of St Andrews University from 1884 to 1886, Chairman of the London School Board (1897--1904), President of the Royal Asiatic Society (1893--1921) and University College, London, and the first President of the British Academy from 1902 to 1907. He was also Lord Lieutenant of Roxburghshire from 1892 to 1918 and served as President of the first day of the 1882 Co-operative Congress. He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1906 and made a Knight of the Thistle in 1911.
He received an honorary doctorate (LL.D) from the University of Glasgow during their 450th jubilee celebrations in June 1901.
He remained in contact with the Dutch community and attended the reception and spoke with the famous Dutch writer Louis Couperus (1863--1923) on the occasion of his visit to London in June 1921, being invited by the Dutch ambassador in London, René de Marees van Swinderen (1860--1955), and which visit was mainly organised by his translator Alexander Teixeira de Mattos (1865--1921).
## Family
Lord Reay married Fanny Georgiana Jane, daughter of Richard Hasler, of Aldingbourne, Sussex, in 1877. They had no children. He died in August 1921, aged 81. On his death the barony of 1881 became extinct while he was succeeded in the Scottish title by his cousin Eric baron Mackay (1870--1921) who was succeeded only three months later by his son Sir Aeneas Alexander baron Mackay (1905--1963), 13th Lord Reay, member of the House of Lords (1955--1959).
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,315 |
Riverside High School (Durham, North Carolina)
|
**Riverside High School** is a public high school located in Durham, North Carolina. The principal of Riverside High is Dr. Gloria Woods-Weeks, who joined as principal in 2021. Current members of the school administrative team include Dr. Will Okun, Mr. Kwame Stith, Ms. Jasmine McKoy, and Mrs. Tammy Patterson. The school enrolls students from grades 9--12. The school was founded in 1991 and became one of the seven Durham Public High Schools.
## History
Riverside High School opened in 1991 (the first class graduated in 1993) and currently enrolls approximately 1,700 students. It is one of seven high schools in the Durham Public School System. The school offers classes on a block schedule on a semester basis, with students taking 4 classes---generally 2 core and 2 elective---each semester. Riverside is an accredited school and is also home to the Durham Public Schools\' engineering program, which uses the national Project Lead the Way curriculum.
Riverside\'s sixteen sports teams are part of the PAC-6 Conference, which includes schools in Durham County and the neighboring counties of Orange and Person.
In 2017 the principal, Tonya Williams, proposed a \"SMART Lunch\" program where there is a single lunch period that is one hour long and students are free to attend certain clubs, replacing the former scheme where students are assigned to one of three lunch slots at different times in the school day. It was enacted in the fall of 2019. In summer 2023 Dr. Gloria Wood-Weeks after much deliberation with her administrative team and staff, rebranded Smart Lunch to become Pirate Block. The rationale of the rebranding is to provide more structure to all students and still allow them to participate in clubs as well as receive tutoring in classes. It features two lunch periods and highlights a different class period each day to allow an opportunity for each student to receive support in that class. During Pirate Block, students report to the featured class for that day. Attendance is taken and students are dismissed for lunch, dismissed to a club they have joined, or they begin with receiving tutoring from their teacher. While half the student body is at lunch the other half is participating in Pirate Block activities. The days are as follows: on Mondays first period is the featured class for Prate Block on Tuesdays and Wednesdays is second period, on Thursdays is third period, and on Fridays is fourth period. Pirate Block was enacted Fall 2023.
## Achievements
In 2007, Riverside was ranked as the 834th high school in America by Newsweek.
In 2011, Riverside\'s Student Newspaper, *The Pirates\' Hook*, was awarded the best student run newspaper in North Carolina.
## Athletics
Riverside High School sports teams are known as the Pirates. The school is a member of the North Carolina High School Athletic Association (NCHSAA).
### Wrestling
The Riverside Pirate wrestling team has won a total of seven state championships. They were the 4A dual team state champions in 1995, 2002, 2003 and 2004, and were the 4A tournament team state champions in 1994, 2002 and 2004.
### Volleyball
Riverside\'s girls volleyball program has won two state championships, winning the class 4A title in 1998 and 2001.
## Notable alumni {#notable_alumni}
- Scott Brown, writer, director, and comedian
- Jeffrey Gunter, NFL linebacker
- Mary Katharine Ham, journalist, senior writer at The Federalist, CNN contributor, and former Fox News contributor
- Chef Henny, rapper
- Megan Hodge, indoor volleyball silver medalist at the 2012 Summer Olympics
- Anthony King, writer, director, and comedian
- Jordon Riley, NFL defensive end
- Ally Blake, Broadcast Meteorologist at WMAR-2 NEWS. Former Meteorologist at WKYT-TV
- Weslye Saunders, NFL tight end
- Dominique Thompson, former American football wide receiver
- Abel Trujillo, mixed martial artist who competed in the lightweight division in the UFC
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,318 |
Otto Eugen Schulz
|
**Otto Eugen Schulz** (31 October 1874 -- 17 February 1936) was a German botanist, born in Berlin. He was the brother of botanist Roman Schulz (1873--1926).
He published important systematic treatments of the families Brassicaceae (then known as Cruciferae) and Erythroxylaceae, and he is the authority for numerous species within these families. He was the author of a 1903 treatise on the genus *Cardamine* (family Brassicaceae), titled \"*[Monographie der Gattung Cardamine](https://archive.org/details/monographiederga00schu)*\".
The genus *Ottoschulzia* (family Metteniusaceae) was named in his honor by Ignatz Urban (1848--1931) in 1912.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,322 |
K. Pathmanaban
|
Dato\' **Pathmanaban a/l Kunjamboo** or **K. Pathmanaban** (*Ē. Puttānaṉpaṉ; 10 June 1937 -- 9 June 2001*) is a former Malaysian deputy minister, vice-president of Malaysian Indian Congress and founder of Melaka Manipal Medical College.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born in Bukit Bertam Estate, Linggi, Negeri Sembilan, he obtained his Master of Arts in Public Administration in Economic Development from Harvard University.
He was among the first batch of Bachelor of Arts graduates majoring in economics from the University of Malaya in Singapore in 1959. Before venturing into politics, he served as Assistant Secretary of the Labour and Manpower Ministry from 1960 and Director of Social Economics in the Economic Planning Unit (EPU) in the Prime Minister\'s Department from 1968 until his resignation to contest the Teluk Kemang parliamentary seat in 1974.
## Political career {#political_career}
Pathmanaban was initially encouraged to join the Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) and enter politics by Tun Abdul Razak, who saw his potential and his education from a prestigious university as invaluable. He was inducted by the then president of MIC, Tan Sri V. Manickavasagam, as part of his process of infusing new blood into the party, especially those who are young, well-educated and could contribute to the party.
He served as Teluk Kemang member of parliament for four terms. Prior to that, he joined the Malaysian Indian Congress in 1974 and the following year was a member of the MIC Central Working Committee. Pathmanaban served as MIC vice-president for three terms from 1979 until his retirement from active politics in 1991.
Pathmanaban actively fought for the rights of Malaysian Indians, especially in the field of education. He realised the importance education could bring about in uplifting the Indian community.
He headed the MIC\'s Education Bureau and used to collect information on all students rejected by government universities. Pathmanaban used to lead MIC delegations to visit every vice-chancellor to give more places to Malaysian Indian students who had just missed the cut-off point. In fact, the Malaysian Chinese Association used to be jealous of the MIC in having this special privilege.
The former MIC vice-president was Deputy Labour and Manpower Minister for five years from 1976. Pathmanaban was Deputy Health Minister for seven years from 1981. He last served in the government as Deputy Human Resources Minister from June 1989 to October 1990.
His retirement from politics was apparently due to differences with MIC president, Datuk Seri S. Samy Vellu.
## Social Service {#social_service}
Following his retirement, Pathmanaban was active in social service. He felt there was nothing greater than helping a fellow man. He actively sought ways to help the poor and disadvantaged Indian community in Malaysia.
He also served as a member of the Human Rights Commission of Malaysia (Suhakam) following the setting up of the commission until his demise.
Pathmanaban was the founding chairman of Melaka Manipal Medical College. He was instrumental in getting both the Prime Ministers and governments of Malaysia and India to give their nod for his pet project which offers a twinning medical programme between both countries. His main purpose of setting up the medical college was to provide high quality medical education opportunities to Malaysians at an affordable price, particularly for Malaysians of Indian ethnicity.
## Demise
Datuk K. Pathmanaban died due to kidney and liver failure at the Pantai Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur at around 1am on 9 June 2001. He was just one day short of his 64th birthday.
His remains were cremated at the Hindu crematorium in Cheras and the ashes were taken to Port Dickson to be scattered in the sea according to Hindu rites.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,324 |
Coventry South East (UK Parliament constituency)
|
**Coventry South East** was a parliamentary constituency in the city of Coventry. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
The constituency was created for the February 1974 general election, and abolished for the 1997 general election.
## Boundaries
**1974--1983**: The County Borough of Coventry wards of Binley and Willenhall, Godiva, Lower Stoke, and St Michael\'s.
**1983--1997**: The City of Coventry wards of Binley and Willenhall, Cheylesmore, Lower Stoke, and St Michael\'s.
For its entire existence the constituency included Coventry city centre, which had previously been part of the Coventry South seat; in 1997 the city centre was transferred to the re-created Coventry South constituency, with Jim Cunningham being elected as MP.
## Members of Parliament {#members_of_parliament}
Election Member
---------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------
Feb 1974 Bill Wilson
1983 Dave Nellist
1991
1992 Jim Cunningham
1997 *constituency abolished: see Coventry South & Coventry North East*
## Elections
### Elections in the 1970s {#elections_in_the_1970s}
### Elections in the 1980s {#elections_in_the_1980s}
### Elections in the 1990s {#elections_in_the_1990s}
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,331 |
Mikael Salomon
|
**Mikael Salomon** (born 24 February 1945) is a Danish cinematographer, director and producer of film and television.
After a long cinematography career in Danish cinema, he transitioned to the Hollywood film industry in the late 1980s, earning two Academy Award nominations.
Salomon then transitioned to a television director career, with credits that include *Band of Brothers, Salem\'s Lot, Rome,* and *The Andromeda Strain*.
His directing awards and nominations include a Primetime Emmy Award and a Directors Guild of America Award.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Born in Copenhagen, Denmark, Salomon is of Jewish descent on one parent\'s side.
Salomon photographed dozens of films in his native country, earning awards including the Robert Award and Bodil Awards. In the late 1980s, he relocated to Hollywood and shot his first mainstream American film with *Torch Song Trilogy*, a 1988 comedy-drama starring Harvey Fierstein, Anne Bancroft, and Matthew Broderick. The following year, he shot the James Cameron-helmed science fiction film *The Abyss*, a film that helped to pioneer the field of computer-generated visual effects. Salomon used three cameras in watertight housings that were specially designed. Another special housing was designed for scenes that went from above-water dialogue to below-water dialogue. The filmmakers had to figure out how to keep the water clear enough to shoot and dark enough to look realistic at 2,000 feet (700 m), which was achieved by floating a thick layer of plastic beads in the water and covering the top of the tank with an enormous tarpaulin. His work on the film earned Salomon a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography.
In the following years, Salomon shot some blockbuster films like *Always*, *Backdraft*, and *Far and Away*.
In 1993, Salomon directed *A Far Off Place*, an adventure drama film filmed on location in Namibia and Zimbabwe, replacing original director René Manzor after being recommended to producer Kathleen Kennedy by Steven Spielberg. That same year, he directed an episode of the short-lived science fiction series *Space Rangers*, beginning a career as a television director. In 1998, he directed the Emmy-nominated *Aftershock: Earthquake in New York*, the first in many television miniseries which Salomon would helm. The most notable of these was *Band of Brothers*, a 10-part series executive produced by Spielberg for which Salomon won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Dramatic Special and a Christopher Award.
Since then, Salomon has over thirty-five programs, including the miniseries adaptations of *The Andromeda Strain* and *Coma* broadcast on the A&E Network.
## Filmography
### Cinematographer
#### Film
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| Year | Title | Director | Notes |
+======+==============================+========================+===================+
| 1966 | *Søskende* | Johan Jacobsen | With Rolf Rønne |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1967 | *Fantasterne* | Kirsten Stenbæk | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Brødrene på Uglegaarden* | Ib Mossin\ | |
| | | Alice O\'Fredericks | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Me and My Kid Brother* | Lau Lauritzen Jr. | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1968 | *Det er så synd for farmand* | Ebbe Langberg | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Magic in Town* | Annelise Reenberg | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1969 | *Sonja - 16 år* | Hans Abramson\ | |
| | | Brandon Chase | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *De 5 og spionerne* | Katrine Hedman | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1970 | *Five Get into Trouble* | | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Daddy, Darling* | Joseph W. Sarno | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Threesome* | Brandon Chase | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Tintomara* | Hans Abramson | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1971 | *Welcome to the Club* | Walter Shenson | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Kid Gang on the Go* | Annelise Reenberg | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1972 | *Rektor på sengekanten* | John Hilbard | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Motorvej på sengekanten* | | With Aage Wiltrup |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1974 | *Jorden runt med Fanny Hill* | Mac Ahlberg | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1975 | *Violets Are Blue* | Peter Refn | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Kun sandheden* | Henning Ørnbak | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1976 | *Hjerter er trumf* | Lars Brydesen | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Strømer* | Anders Refn | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Elvis! Elvis!* | Kay Pollak | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1977 | *Mind Your Back, Professor* | Jens Okking | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Skytten* | Franz Ernst\ | |
| | | Tom Hedegaard | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Bedside Freeway* | Boerge Hilbarth | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1978 | *The Heritage* | Anders Refn | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1981 | *Tell It Like It Is, Boys* | Peter Curran | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1985 | *De flyvende djævle* | Anders Refn | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1986 | *The Wolf at the Door* | Henning Carlsen | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Early Spring* | Astrid Henning-Jensen | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1987 | *Peter von Scholten* | Palle Kjærulff-Schmidt | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1988 | *Zelly and Me* | Tina Rathborne | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Stealing Heaven* | Clive Donner | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Torch Song Trilogy* | Paul Bogart | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1989 | *The Abyss* | James Cameron | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| | *Always* | Steven Spielberg | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1990 | *Arachnophobia* | Frank Marshall | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1991 | *Backdraft* | Ron Howard | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
| 1992 | *Far and Away* | | |
+------+------------------------------+------------------------+-------------------+
### Director
**Film**
- *A Far Off Place* (1993)
- *Hard Rain* (1998)
- *Freezer* (2014) (Direct-to-video)
- *Instrument of Hope* (2020) (Documentary short)
#### TV series {#tv_series}
Year Title Episode(s) Notes
---------- ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------
1993 *Space Rangers* \"Fort Hope\"
1998 *Nash Bridges* \"The Tourist\"
2000 *The Fugitive* \"Pilot\"
\"The Hand of a Stranger\"
2001 *Alias* \"Parity\"
*The Agency* \"Pilot\"
\"Deadline\"
2005 *Over There* \"I Want My Toilets\"
*Rome* \"The Stolen Eagle\" Uncredited
\"An Owl in a Thornbush\"
\"The Spoils\"
2006 *Nightmares & Dreamscapes* \"The End of the Whole Mess\"
\"Autopsy Room Four\"
*Runaway* \"Pilot\" Also co-executive producer
2009 *Hawthorne* \"Pilot\" Also executive producer
2010 *Unnatural History* \"Pilot\"
\"Thor\'s Slammer\"
2011 *Camelot* \"The Long Night\"
\"The Battle of Bardon Pass\"
\"Reckoning\" Co-directed with Stefan Schwartz
2014 *Falling Skies* \"Exodus\"
2015 *Blood & Oil* \"The Birthday Party\"
2015--16 *Powers* \"The Raconteur of the Funeral Circuit\"
\"F@#K the Big Chiller\"
\"Caracas, 1967\"
\"Hell Night\"
\"Legacy\"
2016 *Damien* \"Seven Curses\"
2017 *Six* \"Man Down\"
\"Blood Brothers\"
*The Expanse* \"The Weeping Somnambulist\"
\"Cascade\"
*Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders* \"The Ripper of Riga\"
2018 *The Brave* \"Grounded\"
#### Miniseries
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Year | Title | Director | Executive\ | Notes |
| | | | Producer | |
+======+======================================+==========+============+================================================================================+
| 1999 | *Aftershock: Earthquake in New York* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2001 | *Band of Brothers* | | | Episodes \"Carentan\" and \"Points\" |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2004 | *Salem\'s Lot* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | *The Grid* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2006 | *Fallen* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2007 | *The Company* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2008 | *The Andromeda Strain* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2012 | *Coma* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2015 | *To Appomattox* | | | |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2017 | *The Long Road Home* | | | Episodes \"Into the Unknown\", \"In the Valley of Death\" and \"Abandon Hope\" |
+------+--------------------------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#### TV movies {#tv_movies}
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| Year | Title | Director | Co-Executive\ |
| | | | Producer |
+======+========================================+==========+===============+
| 2000 | *Sole Survivor* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2001 | *A Glimpse of Hell* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2002 | *Young Arthur* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2003 | *Benedict Arnold: A Question of Honor* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2007 | *Fallen: The Journey* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2008 | *Flirting with Forty* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| | *Natalee Holloway* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2010 | *Who Is Clark Rockefeller?* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| | *The Lost Future* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2012 | *Drew Peterson: Untouchable* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| | *Blue Lagoon: The Awakening* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 2014 | *Big Driver* | | |
+------+----------------------------------------+----------+---------------+
## Awards and nominations {#awards_and_nominations}
**Academy Awards**
Year Category Title Result
------ --------------------- ------------- --------
1989 Best Cinematography *The Abyss*
1991 Best Visual Effects *Backdraft*
**American Society of Cinematographers**
Year Category Title Result
------ ---------------------------- ------------- --------
1989 Outstanding Cinematography *The Abyss*
**BAFTA Awards**
Year Category Title Result
------ ----------------------------- ------------- --------
1991 Best Special Visual Effects *Backdraft*
**Directors Guild of America**
Year Category Title Result
------ --------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- --------
2007 Outstanding Directing in a Movie for a Miniseries *The Company*
2008 *The Andromeda Stain*
2010 Outstanding Directing for a Children\'s Program *Unnatural History*
**Primetime Emmy Awards**
Year Category Title Result
------ ---------------------------- ------------------------ --------
2001 Outstanding Directing *Band of Brothers*
2007 *The Company*
2008 Outstanding Limited Series *The Andromeda Strain*
**Other awards**
Year Award Category Title Result
------ -------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------- --------
1985 Danish Film Academy Robert Award for Best Cinematography *De flyvende djævle*
1987 CableACE Award Direction of Photography in a Miniseries *The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains*
2001 Christopher Television & Cable Award *Band of Brothers*
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,333 |
E. T. Joshua Airport
|
**E.T. Joshua Airport** `{{airport codes||<del>TVSV</del>}}`{=mediawiki}, formerly known as **Arnos Vale Airport**, was an airport located in Arnos Vale, near Kingstown, on the island of Saint Vincent. The airport was named for Ebenezer Theodore Joshua, the first chief minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The airport was a hub for Grenadine Airways, Mustique Airways and SVG Air.
The airport formerly housed the St. Vincent Outstation of the Eastern Caribbean Civil Aviation Authority.
When Saint Vincent\'s Argyle International Airport opened on 14 February 2017, the E.T. Joshua airport was simultaneously decommissioned.
## History
The then Arnos Vale Airport succeeded the Diamond Airfield as St. Vincent\'s main and only airport in the 1960s.
## Airlines and Destinations {#airlines_and_destinations}
### Passenger Airlines {#passenger_airlines}
All flights transferred to Argyle International Airport.
### Cargo Airlines {#cargo_airlines}
All flights transferred to Argyle International Airport.
## Post-closure development plans {#post_closure_development_plans}
The Government planned to close the airport to make room for a new city at Arnos Vale. On September 14, 2020, Finance Minister Camillo Gonsalves, in a Facebook post, provided an update on the conversion of the old ET Joshua Airport terminal building to a "modern retail and entertainment plaza", known as "The Joshua Centre". The shopping centre is expected to be completed in March 2021.
## Accidents and Incidents {#accidents_and_incidents}
- LIAT Flight 319: On 4 August 1986, a LIAT de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter crashed into the Caribbean Sea. The aircraft was en route between St. Lucia and St. Vincent when it crashed due to poor weather conditions, while on approach. After a full day\'s search failed to find a trace of the Twin Otter, all of the 11 passengers and two crew were presumed dead.
- 19 November 2006 -- SVG Air Aero Commander 500S, on a flight from Canouan to St. Vincent, was over the western end of Bequia on its final approach to St. Vincent when it vanished. There was no distress call. Wreckage was found in the sea. The pilot and single passenger are presumed dead.
- 5 August 2010 -- SVG Air Aircraft on a flight from St. Vincent to Canouan crashed off Canouan with only the pilot on board. Wreckage from the plane was pulled from the site. Coast Guard Commander Brenton Cain told a news conference that debris had also been found 7.5 nautical miles off the island of Mustique, but the pilot was never found.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,348 |
Charlotte High School (Rochester, New York)
|
**Charlotte High School** was a public high school in Rochester, operated by the Rochester City School District. The school is named for Charlotte, formerly an incorporated village in the Town of Greece and now a neighborhood in the city of Rochester. The school closed in June 2016.
## Demographics
- Hispanic 27%
- White 17.2%
- African American 53.9%
- Asian 1.1%
- Native American 0.8%
Charlotte High School\'s free/reduced lunch rate is 77.9% of the students.
## History
A school was built on the former site of a one-room school house in Charlotte in 1867. In 1907, a high school building was erected and the present Charlotte High School building was built in 1931. In 1988, the Rochester City School District changed Charlotte to a middle school. In 2005, it became a high school once again. The school closed in June 2016.
## Campus
Charlotte High School is housed in a five-story new art deco style building on Lake Avenue in Rochester, not far from Lake Ontario. The building contains a swimming pool that is open to the public when not used for school activities.
## Curriculum
In addition to typical high school courses, Charlotte High School offers some unique opportunities to students.
- Charlotte\'s Academy of Hospitality & Tourism includes internships and gives students an opportunity to explore and prepare for careers in travel, tourism, and hospitality.
- The school\'s Academy of Sports Medicine & Management includes internships with local athletic, medical and sports organizations, and helps prepare students for careers in athletic training, physical therapy, sports medicine, and sports management.
- To better serve the needs of the students, the school offers extended-day academic support and a Wellness Center offers counseling, social services, and after-school activities in partnership with community agencies.
- The school library houses a special collection on the Harlem Renaissance.
## Extracurriculars
### Clubs and organizations {#clubs_and_organizations}
The school offers art, music, newspaper, math league and drama club.
Young video artists from Charlotte participate in the Rochester Urban Youth Film Festival, sponsored by the University of Rochester.
### Sports
The school supports a full sports program.
The Lakesiders basketball team won successive New York State championships in 1983 and 1984. After winning the 2007 Section V Class \"BB\" title on March 3, 2007, the Charlotte basketball team finished second in the Far West Regional Class \"B\" final on March 10, 2007. The team repeated as Section V \"BB\"\" champions on March 1, 2008.
On March 24, 1921, the wrestling team hosted city rival Edison Tech in what is believed to be the first interscholastic wrestling dual meet Western New York and beyond. In 1949, the Lakesider wrestlers went undefeated in dual meets (8 wins, 0 losses) and won the team title at the 3rd annual NYSPHSAA Section V Class A Wrestling Championships.
The 2009--2010 track team won the Section V Class B championship.
## Performance
In 2005, the school\'s attendance rate of 85% and its suspension rate of 33.3% both exceed those for similar schools. The school\'s standardized test scores for English Language Arts, Mathematics and Social Studies rank below the state average for similar schools.
## Incidents
In 2004, there were reports of violence and other acts at the school that required disciplinary action. Charlotte High School was on the New York State list of dangerous schools in 2006.
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
7,126,372 |
Museum Ostwall
|
`{{OSM Location map
| coord = {{coord|51|30|47|N|7|28|20|E}}
| zoom = 15
| caption = Museum Ostwall, Dortmund
| label = Museum Ostwall
| mark-coord = {{coord|51|30|47|N|7|28|20|E}}
| label-pos = right
| mark-title = Museum Ostwall
| mark-image =
| mark-description =
}}`{=mediawiki} The **Museum Ostwall** (known as **Museum am Ostwall** until 2010) is a museum of modern and contemporary art in Dortmund, Germany. It was founded in the late 1940s, and has been located in the Dortmund U-Tower since 2010. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, objects and photographs from the 20th century, plus over 2,500 graphics, spanning Expressionism through classic modern art to the present day.
## History
The museum\'s original location, from 1947 until 2009, was a building on the Ostwall (a road in central Dortmund following the old city walls), including a small sculpture garden. The previous building on the site had been the *Museum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte* (MKK), a municipal art collection, from 1911 until its destruction in World War II; before 1911 it housed the old Westphalia Mining Authority.
A gradual rebuilding, using construction materials from the ruins of the MKK, began in the late 1940s. The first exhibition at the Museum am Ostwall was held in 1949 -- making it one of Germany\'s first post-war museums of 20th-century art -- and it continued to be expanded until 1956. The MKK, meanwhile, was provisionally rehomed in Cappenberg Castle until its return to Dortmund in 1983.
In June 2009 the original building closed its doors, and the museum began relocating into the U-Tower, where it reopened under the new, shortened name **Museum Ostwall** in October 2010. The seven-storey tower, a former Dortmund Union brewery and warehouse, played a key role in the Ruhr Area\'s rebranding as \"Culture Capital of Europe 2010\" (*RUHR.2010 -- Kulturhauptstadt Europas*). The museum reopened with the special exhibition \"The Museum as Power Station\" (*Das Museum als Kraftwerk*).
## Collection
The collection was initially compiled from works that the Nazis had classified as \"degenerate art\". The *Gröppel Collection*, containing around 200 paintings, sculptures and graphics, was acquired in 1957 and is now one of the keystones of the museum.
At the heart of the collection are works by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Otto Mueller, Emil Nolde and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, who founded the movement *Die Brücke* in Dresden in 1905. The avant-garde *Blaue Reiter* group, started in 1912, is represented here by the works of Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc, August Macke and Alexej von Jawlensky. The collection of Jawlensky is the second-largest in Germany, after that of the Museum Wiesbaden.
The museum also owns 26 graphics by Pablo Picasso from the 1940s and \'50s, plus others by Joan Miró, Marc Chagall and Salvador Dalí. The collection includes a single work each by Otto Dix, Lyonel Feininger, Alberto Giacometti, Paul Klee, Oskar Kokoschka and Oskar Schlemmer. Among the still lifes, the highlight is Christian Rohlfs.
In the early 1990s the museum acquired over 1,000 works from the collection of the artist Siegfried Cremer, by artists including Marcel Duchamp, Joseph Beuys, Nam June Paik, Wolf Vostell, Günther Uecker and Jean Tinguely, strengthening the museum\'s coverage of the Fluxus, ZERO and \"informal art\" movements.
## Activities
1962 saw the opening of a children\'s painting studio, one of the first such teaching projects in a museum. The \"Youth Art Club\" (*Jugendkunstclub*) gives youngsters the chance to visit exhibitions, meet artists, and produce their own works in the museum\'s studio. During the school holidays it also offers art workshops. Educational projects will continue in the new location.
The exhibition is changed twice a year, in order to present as many works as possible to the public.
The museum\'s old rooms provided a venue for touring concerts and matinees. The museum also publishes art books and catalogues, partly funded by the non-profit society \"Friends of the Museum am Ostwall\".
| 2025-06-20T00:00:00 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.