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[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
Re: [libreoffice-users] Re: Using and Formatting Logical Functions in Calc
On 06/29/2012 04:10 AM, Andreas Säger wrote:
Am 29.06.2012 09:04, Tom Davies wrote:
Hi :)
It makes a lot of sense. Hopefully the proper LO documentation is far better than most! The Pdfs allow you to click on items in the Table-of-Contents and has other clickable links to help you navigate to where you want quickly.
The built-in help is probably fairly poor right now. The docs team needs more people even to get through the proper full guides let alone important extras like the built-in help or the Faq. On the plus side they are really getting through the work and the 3.4.x guides have been pulled together in an amazingly short time.
They have an excellent team right now even though some of the regular long-term stars appear to be taking a breather (or are they working hard behind the scenes? It's difficult to know)
Regards from
Tom :)
BLAH, BLAH, BLAH. Fanboyism by Tom.
Back on topic:
Calc is almost identical to Excel and Gnumeric. Point! Conceptually is still similar to any spreadsheet since 1979 (a reference sheet for VisiCalc is still online).
A function reference for Excel or Gnumeric can help you to work with Calc if you really understand the content and that it does not apply literally.
There is no need to know each and every function in detail. What you need to know _and_understand_ is:
- Text vs. Number (and vs. Boolean in other applications)
- Format vs. Value (percent, bool, date/time formatting in particular)
- Relative vs. absolute reference
- The lookup functions of all spreadsheets are somewhat special. In the first place they had been designed for something that is not that much required by today's spreadsheet users.
- The most serious incompatibility between Calc and anything else is the radically awkward string processing which makes it unusable for too many of today's users.
I wonder how much of the current functionality of LO is based upon the early days of OOo? Excel's functionality goes back towards its early Office 95/98 days. Much of it is fixed back then and not totally re-designed for today's need.
Yes, there are issues with Calc that need resolving, but OOo/LO could not copy MSO's functions "exactly" due to software copyrights. So the designers, in the early days, had to do something different. We are living with that decision today.
Yes, no one can/could know all the details of the included functions. MS use to boast how many 100's of new functions we in the newest version of Office. So with Calc, how many 100's of functions or abilities are in our resources to do the work we need to do in Calc's spreadsheet?
Yes, there always something in the documentation that needs to be filled in. There are always going to be things you want to do that are not explained in a way that helps you. I have see that for the past 35-40 years in the tech fields I have dealt with; electronics, computer hardware, and computer programming.
Is there a place where users can "drop off" a description on how to do something that is not explained in the current documentation? The current docs are "guides" and not "how-to" books. For me, "how-to" books are more example driven where there are 100's of examples on how to do specific "things". Then there is the detailed reference books. Look at Python books. You get a basic guide book, a thicker "how-to" book, and a thick resource book explaining in detail all the built in functions in the various resource libraries. You cannot expect our doc people to create a "guide" that does all three at the same time.
If there are "pages" missing in the documentation or help system, and you know what is needed in those missing pages, write it up and offer it to the doc people so they do not need to "research it" for themselves. IF you created some working routine that explains how some function works properly, then summit it as a working example. There has to be a place for you to do just that.
I have added to the FAQ wiki page about adding MS fonts to Linux to be used in LO. Where to get the MS core fonts and substitute ones. But that is something not everyone would want to do. So there has to be a place to have an example "dropped off" with text explaining how it works or the details of the example.
sorry if I seem to be rambling. . . I is in the "wee hours" for me here Since I could not sleep, I decided to look at the email lists.
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User:Steven J. Koch
From OpenWetWare
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|Biophysics and Nanotechnology
|Biophysics and Nanotechnology
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|[http://www.unm.edu University of New Mexico]<br> Albuquerque, NM
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|Assistant<br>Professor
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|2006-<br>present
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|Molecular Biophysics
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==Links to OpenWetWare pages==
==Links to OpenWetWare pages==
===[[Koch Lab|Our research lab wiki]]===
===[[Koch Lab|Our research lab wiki]]===
Revision as of 01:25, 20 June 2008
Steve Koch, Experimental Biophysicist
This user is a DNA unzipper
Biosketch
Ann Arbor, Michigan Childhood 1974-
1996
Science, Video Games, Michigan Wolverines, Detroit Tigers, Commodore 64
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor B.S. 1996 Physics
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY M.S
Ph.D.
2000
2003
Physics / Biophysics
Sandia National Laboratories and
Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (CINT),
Albuquerque, NM
Postdoctoral
fellow
2003-
2006
Biophysics and Nanotechnology
University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, NM
Assistant
Professor
2006-
present
Molecular Biophysics
Links to OpenWetWare pages
Our research lab wiki
Physics 500: Biophysics Seminar
Junior Physics lab course on OWW
Research Interests
• Development of biophysical tools, particularly single-molecule manipulation techniques
• Optical tweezers, magnetic tweezers, MEMS and nanophotonics devices
• Protein-DNA interactions, cellular molecular biophysics
• Eukaryotic transcription, DNA damage repair
Contact info
sjkoch@unm.edu
Steven J. Koch
Center for High Technology Materials
1313 Goddard SE
MSC04-2710
Albuquerque, NM 87106
Reading suggestions
My reading suggestions on Amazon.
Scratch pad
/307L ideas
/Test notebook template
/Test notebook
Physics 500 Optical Tweezers Talk
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Adjara: another fake project of Saakashvili
However good-looking Batumi’s downtown may seem, it falls short of the tourism center president Saakashvili keeps talking about.
Adjara, like the whole Georgia, is perfect evidence showing that the Armenian-Turkish border should not be opened. Actually, Georgia always lacked developed light industry, and the available industries are now privatized by Turkish and Azerbaijani businessmen.
PanARMENIAN.Net - Currently Georgia has almost no production; it totally depends on import, and this can hardly foster the development of the country. Well, the Turkish flags flying over company buildings, mostly construction firms, got fewer in number, but this simply aims to “observe the proprieties”. In fact, nothing has changed.
However good-looking Batumi’s downtown may seem, it falls short of the tourism center president Saakashvili keeps talking about.
First, Adjarian beaches comprise mostly pebbles, and the sea could be cleaner, too. Still, the showers nullifying the amenities of a seaside vacation are a major plague for the travel business. Only in Adjara, Georgia’s longing for the lost Abkhazia becomes apparent: Abkhazia has sand beaches, dry weather, clean sea and rich sights, while Batumi’s only attraction is its Botanical Garden, widely advertised far beyond its real merits. By the way, the arboretum in Stepanavan is much more interesting in terms of tree species, as compared to Batumi’s Chinese and Japanese pines.
In general, Batumi is quite pleasing. However, vacation in any other proper resort would cost you the same sum. Prices in Adjara are indeed lower than in Armenia, yet overcharged, too. A bed in a private house would cost you $60, no food included. And there are many middlemen impudently seeking commission charges for arranging accommodation. In addition, beach beds are quite costly. Tasteless food is another amazing factor. Supermarkets provide only Ukrainian and Turkish goods, sometimes Belarusian as well. Local fruit and vegetables are watery and unpalatable due to damp weather.
Of course, everyone perceives things in their own way, but the week-long incessant rain triggered some nasty thoughts which even famous Adjarian khachapouris were unable to disperse.
Anyway, a vacation here can be good, provided there is sun and clean sea. However, this will require certain patience and inquiries from the local population about the meaning of various signboards. The signs, indeed, are in Georgian language only, with very few exceptions for the English.
When you ask the locals why the notes are in Georgian only, the immediate answer - why don’t you learn Georgian? - discourages one from any further attempts to communicate. This is quite weird, particularly in view of the huge number of Russian tourists arriving in Batumi from CIS states.
Also, it is apparent that huge funds have been and are being invested in the city. Besides, Georgian president Mikhail Saakashvili invited U.S. billionaire Donald Trump to take part in the presidential campaign 2013. This, of course, does not hide the almost universal unemployment, shabby houses veiled under nice facades and the wish to cheat the tourists by all means. No offence meant, but the Georgians are not capable of constructing and working in general. They are not used to it; they’re better at drinking wine and singing songs. As to the reforms Saakashvili advertises, they are just missing. The landlord of the house we rented complained of his life, saying: “Our president is a good one, just the people surrounding him are bad.” Indeed, we countered, Stalin was also good; his milieu was a bad choice. The house owner stopped talking at once and never touched politics again.
Karine Ter-Sahakian
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Mali may become second Afghanistan Since April 2012, Al Qaeda-related groups are establishing Sharia law on territories under their control following the Taliban scenario.
Turkey's hopes for EU still vain European Union is concerned about repeated cases of violence along with impunity in governmental structures.
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akringle's bookmarks
"Bowed by the weight of centuries he leans upon his hoe and gazes on the ground, the emptiness of ages in his face, and on his back the burden of the world."
Markham, Edwin on farming and farmers
Amy Kringle's quote collection
I'm female and made my book on 29th September 2009.
My book as a pdf
My feed
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It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
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Broccoli18 for Microchip PICs
Posted 8 Mar 2003 at 05:22 UTC by steve
The Broccoli18 v0.2 Microchip PIC18F programming tool package was announced today on Freshmeat. The suite of PIC18F programming tools feature the ability to read and write code memory, data EEPROM, ID bytes, and configuration word. A simple circuit connecting the PIC to the PC parallel port is required. Broccoli18 is Free Software licensed under the GNU GPL.
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The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time/The Happy Mask Shop
From StrategyWiki, the video game walkthrough and strategy guide wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
The Happy Mask Shop is located in Hyrule Castle Town Market, to the right of the path to the castle. The shop itself does not sell masks; rather, it lends them to aspiring individuals for sale. If a mask is sold, you pay back the price of the mask but get to keep any extra rupees, and are granted access to a newer mask model to sell. You can borrow masks you have already sold again; however, you can sell each model of mask only once. Masks are event items, and you can carry only one mask at a time. To see if someone is interested in purchasing a mask, talk to them while wearing it.
[edit] The Masks
Wearing masks while speaking to people can elicit different responses.
Keaton Mask - This popular mask is modelled after the wily keaton fox. Sell it to the Hylian guard by the Death Mountain gate in Kakariko Village.
Skull Mask - This monstrous mask will make you look like a Skull Kid. Sell it the lost kid in the lost woods that is on the tree-trunk (not the trunk where there are two kids).
Spooky Mask - This scary mask is similar to a ReDead's face. Sell it to the kid in the graveyard.
Bunny Hood - Some people believe that these bunny ears will make you run faster and jump higher. When worn at night, no monsters will appear in Hyrule Field. Sell it to the guy running around Lon Lon Ranch.
Goron Mask - A mask that looks like a Goron.
Zora Mask - A mask that looks like a Zora.
Gerudo Mask - A mask that looks like a Gerudo.
Mask of Truth - A mask that can obtain hints from Gossip Stones and read people's inner thoughts.
[edit] The Trading Sequence
Spoiler warning! This section of the article contains spoilers, or hints about the game's storyline or progression.
You might want to skip down to the next heading if you do not want facts about the game's storyline or plot revealed to you.
Bunny Hood Bonanza
The man who buys the bunny hood pays Rupees until your wallet is completely full, so you should buy some items, play some minigames, and get the largest wallet before selling him the Bunny Hood.
1. Keaton Mask: This is the first mask you can borrow from the Happy Mask Shop. Take it to Kakariko Village and wear it while talking to the guard protecting the gate to Death Mountain. He will buy the ten rupee mask for fifteen rupees, and you will be able to borrow the Skull Mask.
2. Skull Mask: After obtaining this mask, enter the Lost Woods from Kokiri Forest and go left. Put on the mask, stand on the stump, and talk to the Skull Kid. He will only give you 10 rupees for the 20 rupee mask, but you will now be able to borrow the Spooky Mask. Also, if you play Saria's Song , he will give you a piece of heart. Note: This is also a good time to head to the Forest Stage detailed below.
3. Spooky Mask: During the day, go to the Kakariko Graveyard and show the kid there the Spooky Mask. He will buy it at full price for thirty rupees.
4. Bunny Hood: After borrowing the Bunny Hood and beating the Jabu Jabu dungeon, there will be a man running laps around the outside of Lon Lon Ranch during the day, so follow him until he stops, then talk to him while wearing the Bunny Hood. He will give you all his money for the mask, granting you access to the Mask of Truth, Gerudo Mask, Goron Mask, and Zora Mask.
[edit] The Forest Stage
Any time you have a new mask, drop by the Forest Stage. From the Kokiri Forest entrance, take a left (right if you're facing the entrance). You'll see a pool of water ahead. Take a left. Take another left. Here you find a meadow with a couple of Business Scrubs. There's a tree at the back. There to the left of the tree is a group of butterflies hovering around the same general area. Walk around this area (to the right of the butterflies when facing towards the meadow from the entrance) until you fall through a hole. You've arrived at the Forest Stage. Note: you can acquire these at any time, and in any order.
Put on a mask and approach the front of the stage (the raised portion with the sign on it). Many scrubs will pop up and dance around you joyfully. Walk over to the larger, older Scrub on the right. He will reward you with something, depending on the mask that you are wearing.
[edit] Forest Stage Rewards
• Keaton Mask: Win Rupees. Occasionally they do not like the mask.
• Skull Mask: They increase your Deku Stick capacity. They are attracted to this mask and
• Spooky Mask: Win Rupees.
• Bunny Hood: They don't like it. Occasionally they will give you rupees.
• Goron Mask: They don't like it.
• Zora Mask: Win Rupees. Occasionally they do not like the mask.
• Mask of Truth: They increase your Deku Nut capacity. The older Deku scrub says that you have a "horrible face" and the younger scrubs duck into their holes if you walk near them.
• Gerudo Mask: Win Rupees. Occasionally they do not like the mask.
Before you collect the Poacher's Saw in Gerudo Valley, use the Mask of Truth at the Forest Stage. There is a glitch in earlier versions of the game that stops the Deku upgrade after getting the Poacher's Saw.
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Document Type
Working Paper
Date
2010
Embargo Period
6-28-2012
Keywords
Panel data, Hausman test, Random effect, Spatial autocorrelation, Maximum Likelihood, Center for Policy ResearchWorking Paper No. 123
Language
English
Disciplines
Public Policy
Description/Abstract
This paper focuses on inference based on the usual panel data estimators of a one-way error component regression model when the true specification is a spatial error component model. Among the estimators considered, are pooled OLS, random and fixed effects, maximum likelihood under normality, etc. The spatial effects capture the cross-section dependence, and the usual panel data estimators ignore this dependence. Two popular forms of spatial autocorrelation are considered, namely, spatial auto-regressive random effects (SAR-RE) and spatial moving average random effects (SMA-RE). We show that when the spatial coefficients are large, test of hypothesis based on the usual panel data estimators that ignore spatial dependence can lead to misleading inference.
Source
Metadata from RePEc
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Included in
Public Policy Commons
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Udumalaippettai
From Wikitravel
(Redirected from Udumalpet)
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Udumalaippettai (also called Udamalpet or UDT) is in India and is a nice resting place away from the humdrum of the high route to Palani.
[edit] Get in
Udumalpet is on the new National Highway connecting Coimbatore and Madurai. It is about 75 kms from the industrial city of Coimbatore (which has an airport)in the North, 60 kms from the Hosiery Town of Tirupur in the North East, 35 kms from the Temple Town of Palani in the East, 75 kms from Palghat (Kerala) in the West and 85 kms from the Hill Resort of Munnar (Kerala) in the South.
Udumalpet is also on the Coimbatore-Rameswaram railway line which has a branch route to Palghat in Kerala.
[edit] Get around
• Thirumoorthy dam
• Amaravathi dam
• Picnic spot nearby panchalingam water falls in thirumoorthy hills 20 km from Udamalpet.
[edit][add listing] See
The town is surrounded by hills and has a great weather throughout the year. The town is also called as Poor man's ooty because of its climate. Udumalpet is close to many tourist attractions - Palani Temple (35 km), Munnar (88 km), Kodaikanal (100 km) and Thirumoorthy Hills (21 km), Topslip, Aaliyar (35 km).
Waterfalls in Thirumoorthy hills draws quite a number of tourists. It takes half an hour to the falls by trekking from the Thirumoorthy temple. The Thirumoorthy temple is an excellent scenic place with Amanalingeshwarar Thirukkoil at the foot hills. The way atop the hill is pretty exciting up to some 1 km and extremely challenging to go beyond that. It is said if you bend and crawl for about 40 meters beneath a rock behind Panchalingam, you could reach the next layer of Western Ghats, i.e the plain between two adjacent hills and it is said that even tigers exist there.
The villages surrounding Udumalpet are well known for their beauty. Villages are crisscrossed by Amaravathi river and various irrigation canals. Coconut tree farms are common sight and this area is one of the leading producer of coconuts. The countryside is a popular film shooting spot, providing scenic backgrounds and greenery. Thirumoorthy hills houses a beautiful dam which is a very famous shooting spot for Tamil movies.
Udumalpet lies between the famous temple town of Palani (35 km)and Pollachi (28 km)in the National Highway No.209. Udumalpet is also connected by a metre gauge railway line.
[edit][add listing] Do
[edit][add listing] Buy
• Sri RajRajaswari Agencies, 61,Chatram St, phone 225609. Department store.
• kalaimagal stores, new no : 81 , dhali road - udamalpet, 04252 - 223111. publishers' disributor - wholesale book seller & stationer's edit
• Anusuya Agency (H.P.C Dealers), Pollachi Road, Udumalpet (On the way to Pollachi from Udumalpet), 222831. Fuel Filling Station(Petrol,Diesel and Automotive Lubes), 24 Hrs Service. edit
• Rajendra & Co, General Merchant, Established in 1946. You can buy all general purpose day-to-day items. Shop located in dhali road, Udumalpet. Phone: 04252 226142 09843020142.
[edit][add listing] Eat
SUN HOTELS non vegetarian south indian, north indian,chinese, tandoori.. dhali road
AARIYA BHAVAN vegetarian traditional south indian dishes with sambar.. dhali road
TAJ HOTELS non-vegetarian world class biriyani shop.. kuttai,dhali road
Ragam Bakery, Dhali Rd, Baking and confectionary. Top class baking items, snacks, ice creams, pizza.
[edit][add listing] Drink
Anamalais Hotel, 223569,224516,224166 M P Hotels,224255
[edit][add listing] Sleep
• M.P. Hotels - Lodge, Restaurant and Conference Hall - #5, Dharapuram Road, Udumalpet -642126. Phone: 04252 - 224255, Mobile: 9884622191 URL: mphotels website Lodge, Rooms, Drink, Hotel, Food, Restaurant, Bar, Marriage Hall
• Ananth Lodge, 224827, 226208
• Annai Lodge, 224159
• Ganesh Lodge, 223161
• Kurinji Lodge, 224353
• M.R. Complex, 223884, 225464
• Priya Lodge, 223696
• Shalimar Lodge, 226111
• Shankar Illam, 223089
• Siva Lodge, 223926
• Sivan Lodge, 224258
• Sri Ganesh Lodge, 223161
• Udupi Lodge, 226285
• V.M. Complex, 227851, 227853
• Anamalais Hotel, 223569,224516,224166
• Annna Hotel, 223131
• Arya Bhavan, 226788
• Dharma Sastha Hotel,
This article is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
Kodaikanal,a picturesque hill station is 100km away from here. Topslip,Aliyar and Thirumoorthy dam are close by. Munnar(80km)and chinnar near UDT is famous for tea estates.
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Ayvalik
From Wikitravel
Northern Aegean : Ayvalik
Revision as of 22:16, 21 April 2012 by Ikan Kekek (Talk | contribs)
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Ayvalık is a city in Northern Aegean, Turkey. It’s located on the southern coast of Gulf of Edremit (part of Aegean Sea), across the eastern coast of Greek island of Lesvos, opposite its capital (Mytilene).
Understand
Ayvalik was an important trade centre during Ottoman times, it had an autonomous status and even many European powers setted up consulates. The city then was almost completely inhabited by Greeks, who were exchanged with Turks from Crete when a population swap was mandated between governments of Turkey and Greece in 1923. The fusion of local Greek and Cretan cultures caused the character of today’s Ayvalik: while most of the physical historical heritage is clearly Greek, the everyday culture lived on the streets between those buildings, including the local food, is mainly Cretan.
Ayvalik’s ancient name was Kydonia. Although both Kydonia and Ayvalik means ‘the place of quince’, the city is rather known for (and indeed surrounded by) a seemingly endless forest formed by olive trees. Olive has been important to Ayvalik in all ages, as it has been revered by both former Greek residents and present Cretan ‘immigrants’ (who live in Ayvalik for at least three generations).
Ayvalik is one of two bigger towns in northern Aegean Region which has achieved to conserve its traditional architecture (to a high degree, that is), with the other such town being Foça, which is located about 60 km north of Izmir.
• Tourism Information Office (Turizm Danışma), +90 266 312 21 22.
Get in
By plane
The nearest airport is Edremit Korfez Airport(EDO) which is 40 km distance and has direct flights from Istanbul and Ankara. A larger and international airport, Izmir's Adnan Menderes Airport(ADB) is 175 km away.
By train
The nearest station is Balikesir, on the line between Izmir (Basmane station) and Bandirma on the Sea of Marmara (with fast ferry connections to Istanbul). There are two trains in each direction every day except Tuesday, when only one of the trains runs.
Between Balıkesir and Ayvalık, the bus takes about 1 h 45 min.
By car
The city is located close to (approx. 5 km away) main Çanakkale-Izmir highway (road number: D550/E87). Those approaching from Istanbul may consider taking one of car ferries to Bandirma to shorten total driving time.
By bus
Otogar (bus station) is located in town centre, near the waterfront. It's about 15-20 minutes on foot away from town square.
By boat
Ferries connect Ayvalik with the Greek island of Lesvos daily during the high season. A round trip costs € 35/person, a one way trip is €29/person, tickets can be bought from several different offices found on the main road around the harbour in Mitylini - Lesvos. In low and shoulder season however there are only 4 ferries per week.
Get around
Local buses run frequently from Alibey Island(Cunda) to the center and from Ali Cetinkaya to Camlik districts. As a more comfortable and faster option, "Dolmus" taxis run from Alibey Island(Cunda) and from Ali Cetinkaya to 41 Evler districts. There is also a ferry operating between Alibey Island(Cunda) and Ayvalik town center in the summer months.
See
Waterfront of Cunda Island from the sea
• Alibey (Cunda) Island A small road bridge connects Lale Island which in turn is connected by a causeway to the mainland (Ayvalik). There are frequent dolmuses (shared taxis) and half hourly buses (line #3 Hastane-Alibey Adası, they also stop at otogar) throughout the year, in addition, in summer, there are also small ferries carrying passengers From Ayvalik to Alibey Island, on the hour. Many churches and monasteries are located on the island, the most famous being the Taksiyarhis Church. The bell of the church stays at the Bergama Museum.
The island is also famous for its fish; you can see fish restaurants located next to each other by the seaside.
• Old Ayvalik Houses The old Ayvalik houses, many of which are beautiful examples of neo-classical architecture, located on Alibey Island and in the town of Ayvalik should carefully be examined for the art of wood and stone. They can be seen on the back alleys of town centre, on Alibey/Cunda island, and in Çamlık.
• Çamlık is the southern suburb of the town with some magnicifent neo-classical manors located amidst pine woods (which translates as çamlık in Turkish, the origin of the name of the place). On a nearby hilltop is the Devil's Table (Şeytan Sofrası), a rock on which has a large footprint-like hollow, which is said, according to the local folklore, to be Devil's footprint he left when he was "jumping" over to Lesvos. It has a wonderful view of the coves and islands below.
• Saatli Camii — In the town centre, built by Greeks as a church -named Agios Iannis, it was converted to a mosque after 1928. However, other than the plaster on the frescoes on the inner walls, and the thin and somewhat picknicky-looking minaret, no further additions made to the building. Its name translates "mosque with clock" in Turkish literally, referring to the clock located on one of its towers.
• Çınarlı Camii (Çınarlı Mosque), (close to Saatli Camii). Former Agios Giorgis, this is another neo-classical-Greek-church-turned-mosque in town centre. Its pink outside is even more finely decorated with ornaments than Saatli Mosque.
• Taksiyarhis Church Built in 1873, Taksiyarhis Church is the center of attention with its reliefs picturing the life of Jesus Christ, the portraits os the Saints and its interior marble design.
• Saint Nicola Church is on Alibey Island.
• Moonlight Monastery (on Alibey/Cunda Island)
• Leka Monastery can be observed on the left side of Dalyan Channel when entering the bay, amongst olive trees. Its architecture closely follows traditional monastery architecture as monks themselves built it stone by stone.
• Sarimsakli Beach 8 km. south of the town, Sarimsakli beach is 7 km. long and widens up to 100 metres. Along the beach, there are a number of restaurants and hotels.
• Altinova Beach 13 km. south of the town, Altinova is famous for its beach as well as picnic areas and its forest.
Do
• Around the outlying islands in the bay, especially in the area off Güneş Island, Yuvarlak Island and Kerbela Rocks offers some diving opportunities. The most popular area is the waters off Kiz Island with interesting underwater fauna at a depth of 19 mt.
• Watch the sunset at the Devil’s Table (Şeytan Sofrası) on the top of the hill (south of the town) overlooking the town, bay, coves, and the islands.
Learn
Work
Buy
Everything related to olive: Olive oil, brined olives, castile soap… Take a stroll in the famous street market "Persembe Pazari" on Thursdays in the narrow streets in the back of the town center.
Eat
Local cuisine heavily features seafood and wild herbs, served cooked or raw, usually dressed with olive oil. This is a tradition largely unusual to the rest of the country, brought to town by Cretan immigrants.
Local cuisine can be had at numerous restaurants both in downtown and on Cunda Island.
Budget
Mid-range
Splurge
Drink
Sleep
• Antikhan Guest House, Sakarya Mah. Cumhuriyet Cad. 216, +90 266 312-46-10, [1]. checkin: noon; checkout: 11AM. A family-run guesthouse in a lovely old Greek house, close to the sea. 25 TL.
• Mavi Pansiyon, 41 Evler Sardunya Sokak No: 10, Çamlık, +90 266 312-48-88 (), [2]. Guesthouse with garden
• Otel Deniz, Cunda (on Cunda Island), +90 266 327-10-12 (, fax: +90 266 327-18-72), [3]. Rooms with en-suite bathrooms, air-con, TV. Garden and/or sea view. Smoking and non-smoking rooms available.
• Selin Pansiyon, PTT arkası, Karantina sok. 3 (behind the postoffice), +90-530-468-38-48. €15.
• Sozer Motel, Camlik Mah. No: 71 (On the way to Sarimsakli beaches from the center), +90-266-312-44-74, [4].
Stay safe
Contact
(+90) 266 is Ayvalik’s telephone code.
Cope
Get out
Routes through Ayvalik
ÇanakkaleBurhaniye N S DikiliIzmir
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Caldwell County, North CarolinaEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
Revision as of 01:20, 20 August 2008 by Huff.a1 (Talk | contribs)
&United States > North Carolina > Caldwell County
Contents
County Courthouse
History
Parent County
Boundary Changes
Neighboring Counties
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Church
Court
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Local Histories
Maps
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Societies and Libraries
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Web Sites
• USGenWeb project. May have maps, name indexes, history or other information for this county. Select the state, then the county.
• Family History Library Catalog. Salt Lake City, Utah.
References
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Tools:File Analysis
From Forensics Wiki
Revision as of 21:39, 22 July 2009 by Zeidman (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Contents
Image Analysis
SurfRecon LE rapid image analysis tool by SurfRecon, Inc.
http://www.surfrecon.com
Software Forensics
CodeSuite by Software Analysis & Forensic Engineering
CodeSuite comprises BitMatch, CodeCross, CodeDiff, CodeMatch, and SourceDetective for comparing and analyzing source code and object code to find copyright infringement and trade secret theft. It can be used for free on small sets of code.
CodeSuite also includes FileCount and FileIsolate for counting file attributes and quickly copying or deleting entire file trees. Both are free utilities.
http://www.safe-corp.biz
Open Source Tools
file
The file command determines the file type of a given file, depending on its contents and not on e.g. its extension or filename. In order to do that, it uses a magic configuration file that identifies filetypes.
ldd
List dynamic dependencies of executable files.
truss
Solaris tool used to trace the system/library calls (not user calls) and signals made/received by a new or existing process. It sends the output to stderr.
http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/819-2239/truss-1?l=en&a=view&q=truss
PDF Miner
"...suite of programs that aims to help analyzing text data from PDF documents. It includes a PDF parser, a PDF renderer (though only rendering text is supported for now), and a couple of nice tools to extract texts. Unlike other PDF-related tools, it allows to obtain the exact location of texts in a page, as well as other layout information such as font size or font name, which could be useful for analyzing the document. It also infers text running within a page by using clustering technique."
http://www.unixuser.org/~euske/python/pdfminer/index.html
ltrace
Library call tracer.
http://linux.die.net/man/1/ltrace
strace
System Call Tracer.
http://sourceforge.net/projects/strace/
xtrace
eXtended trace utility, similar to strace, ptrace, truss, but with extended functionality and unique features, such as dumping function calls (dynamically or statically linked), dumping call stack and more.
http://sourceforge.net/projects/xtrace/
ktrace
Enables kernel process tracing on OpenBSD.
http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/man.cgi?query=ktrace&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=OpenBSD+Current&arch=i386&format=html
Valgrind
Executes a program under emulation, performing analysis according to one of the many plug-in modules as desired. You can write your own plug-in module as desired.
http://valgrind.org/
DTrace
Comprehensive dynamic tracing framework for Solaris (also ported to MacOS X - XRays and FreeBSD). DTrace provides a powerful infrastructure to permit investigation of the behavior of the operating system and user programs.
http://www.sun.com/bigadmin/content/dtrace/
strings
Strings will print the strings of printable characters in files. It allows choosing different charactersets (ASCII, UNICODE). It is a quick way to browse through files/partitions/... in order to look for words, filenames, keywords etc.
The Open Computer Forensics Architecture
http://ocfa.sourceforge.net/
Rifiuti (not GPL)
Examines the INFO2 file in the Recycle Bin.
http://www.foundstone.com/us/resources/proddesc/rifiuti.htm
Pasco (not GPL)
Parses index.dat files.
http://www.foundstone.com/us/resources/proddesc/pasco.htm
Galleta (not GPL)
Parses cookie files.
http://www.foundstone.com/us/resources/proddesc/galleta.htm
dumpster_dive.pl
MS Windows Recycle Bin INFO2 parser
http://jafat.sourceforge.net/files.html
cookie_cruncher.pl
MS IE cookie file parser
http://jafat.sourceforge.net/files.html
yim2text
Extracts the 'encrypted' info in Yahoo Instant Messenger log files.
http://www.1vs0.com/tools.html
Hachoir
Determines the file type using file header/footer (hachoir-metadata --type), able to list strings in Unicode (hachoir-grep), etc. Support more than 60 file formats.
Cygwin
http://www.cygwin.com/
Linux like environment for Windows.
UnxUtils
http://unxutils.sourceforge.net/
Common unix utilities compiled for a Windows environment.
GnuWin32
http://gnuwin32.sourceforge.net/
Common GNU utilities compiled for a Windows Environment.
SUA
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/R2/unixcomponents/webinstall.mspx
Microsoft Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications.
File Sharing Analysis Tools
P2P Marshal
Tools to discover and analyze peer-to-peer files for Windows.
NDA and scoped distribution tools
Personal tools
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Talk:Endianness
From Forensics Wiki
Revision as of 13:51, 19 March 2008 by Kevin (Talk | contribs)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to: navigation, search
There should probably be a redirect from little endian and big endian to this article. That way if someone searches for either of these terms they will be brought to this article. That's how Wikipedia does it, and it seems to work well.
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Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC) has set up an oxygen factory on Sun Pharma Road in the city. The factory, however, is no industrial plant, but a plantation of trees – including the banyan tree after which the city is named – that generate high amounts of oxygen.
In the first experiment of its kind, VMC has planted 236 banyan trees and 70 peepal trees in the one hectare land besides the main road. These include 32 banyan trees that were planted about six years ago. The remaining trees were planted two years ago.
With the Union urban ministry emphasizing the funding of major transportation projects in the country, Gujarat's cities have readied teams to lobby for multi-crore BRTS projects to be taken up on priority basis in the coming JNNURM committee meeting. The Union budget has made provisions for almost Rs 14,873 crore - a major portion of which will be directed at buying 10,000 buses across the country.
Gujarat cities like Ahmedabad, Surat and Vadodara which are either at key points in their BRTS projects, or have yet to start work, would be visiting Delhi in the coming few weeks.
VADODARA: Almost a decade after he single-handedly got the world heritage status by UNESCO for the lost city of Champaner, noted architect Karan Grover has initiated his next mission for the cause of sustainable buildings.
For the next one year, Grover will be reaching out to 10,000 students of architecture, initiating them to the green cause, calling it the 'Students Green Movement'. The aim of the mission is to encourage the young architects to promote green buildings.
Gandhinagar: Swine flu casualties in the past few weeks in the state have baffled the state health department.
AHMEDABAD: It's not Ahmedabad alone that is aiming at the tall order, but major cities in the state have been given the go ahead with higher FSI limits by the state urban development department (UD
AHMEDABAD: The Gujarat high court on Thursday sought explanation from the authorities concerned over the wastage of nearly 3,000 quintal of foodgrain in rains at Vadodara railway station earlier this month.
On the basis of a public interest litigation (PIL) filed by one Ritesh Koshtri, a bench of Chief Justice Bhaskar Bhattacharya and Justice J B Pardiwala issued notice to the Western Railway, Central Warehousing Corporation (CWC), Food Corporation of India (FCI) and the union agriculture ministry. All have been asked to explain the wastage of huge stock of wheat on August 12.
All the required formalities have been completed for the launch a joint venture company between Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC) and GAIL India for supply of natural gas in the city and surrounding areas.
“The proposal of this joint venture company would come before the general body of the VMC on August 8. After getting approval from the elected members of the VMC, the Gujarat government as well as the the concerned central authorities, the joint venture company is expected to come into existence in the next couple of months,” he said.
A group of global businesses with operations in India have worked with the Government of Gujarat and the four largest cities in the state (Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Surat and Vadodara) to identify inclusive and sustainable solutions to key urban development challenges faced by these cities.
Vadodara Has 46 Trees Per Hectare Which Is Way Above State Average
Vadodara: The Banyan city is growing by leaps and bounds but it is still breathing fresh air compared to bigger cities in Gujarat. A tree census done by the forest department and Vadodara Municipal Corporation (VMC) in the city limits has revealed that the city’s residents are far luckier when it comes to fresh air and green cover. Vadodara has 7,47,193 trees spread over an area of 16,261 hectares. The survey was done for several months in 25 wards of VMC.
The city is lending a helping hand to Hubli-Dharwad, the second-largest urban spread in Karnataka after Bangalore. The Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (Cept) University has shown the way to the aggregation, which is suffering because of overloaded public transport service, by designing a BRTS for the twin city.
A Rs 450-crore project has been proposed, including Bus Rapid Transport System (BRTS) between Hubli and Dharwad. Cept University has been roped in as a consultant for the project which covers a stretch of 22.2 km.
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Bibliography: Gypsies
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Review of: Gypsies
Author: Robert Charles Wilson
Reviewer: Steven Tew
Year: 1990
Type: REVIEW
ISFDB Record Number: 1137532
User Rating: This title has fewer than 5 votes. VOTE
Current Tags: None Add Tags
Publications:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
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Molbank 2010, 2010(1), M651; doi:10.3390/M651
Short Note
2-[4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part I)
Department of Drug and Natural Product Synthesis, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A- 1090 Vienna, Austria
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 4 December 2009 / Accepted: 12 January 2010 / Published: 22 January 2010
Download PDF Full-Text [77 KB, uploaded 22 January 2010 11:34 CET]
Abstract: A bis(chloroethyl)amine containing side chain is attached to an oxonaphthalene-annelated pyrrol in expectation of DNA alkylating properties. The cytotoxicity is evaluated against two cell lines, KB-31 and KB-8511, respectively.
Supplementary Files
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Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Spreitzer, H.; Puschmann, C. 2-[4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part I). Molbank 2010, 2010, M651.
AMA Style
Spreitzer H, Puschmann C. 2-[4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part I). Molbank. 2010; 2010(1):M651.
Chicago/Turabian Style
Spreitzer, Helmut; Puschmann, Christiane. 2010. "2-[4-[Bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzyl]-5,5-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-4H-benzo[e]isoindol-4-one (Cytotoxic Oxonaphthalene-Pyrroles, Part I)." Molbank 2010, no. 1: M651.
Molbank EISSN 1422-8599 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
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Moderate Activity
Contributors : evilpie
Analyzed 4 days ago based on code collected 4 days ago.
Activity on Process Hacker by evilpie
All-time Commits: 4
12-Month Commits: 0
30-Day Commits: 0
Overall Kudo Rank:
First Commit: 09-May-2010
Last Commit: 14-May-2010
Names in SCM: evilpie
Commit history:
Recent Kudos...
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Project Commits
Approximately one year of commit activity shown
Project Languages
Language Aggregate Coding Time Total Commits Total Lines Changed Comment Ratio
C 1m 3 152 6.6%
Copyright © 2013 Black Duck Software, Inc. and its contributors, Some Rights Reserved. Unless otherwise marked, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License . Ohloh ® and the Ohloh logo are trademarks of Black Duck Software, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
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DIYbio/FAQ/Educational
From OpenWetWare
< DIYbio | FAQ
Revision as of 21:08, 18 November 2009 by Jonathan Cline (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Intro In The News Educational Equipment Projects Kits Methods DIYbio.org DIYbio googlegroup FriendFeed - DIYbio
DIYbio FAQ v1.5: "The biohacker's FAQ"
This FAQ for DIYbio is actively maintained by it's editors, and by you! Edit your contributions directly or email updates to the DIYbio email list, diybio@googlegroups.com.
Major contributors (in alphabetical order):
The contents of this FAQ are copyright under the OpenWetWare Copyright policy (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported). When quoting any content of this FAQ elsewhere, include a full hypertext link back to the main FAQ page.
This topic Educational Discussion & Resources is part of the DIYBio FAQ
Contents
What are some educational resources for DIYBio and Biology? What are all these terms and technologies DIYBio keeps discussing?
There are many biology and science resources on the net, especially with universities providing "open course ware" for viewing or download. The sections below of the DIYbio FAQ list hobbyist, industry, and university-sponsored educational resources which apply to biohacking.
Educational Videos
• See DIYbio/Videos for a collection of iGEM and Synthetic Biology videos.
For university video and audio:
• MIT OpenCourseWare (also on iTunes)
• UC Berkeley educational webcasts: Biology, Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, etc.
• Many universities are hosting classes (such as Biology) on YouTube
Here are a few industry-sponsored or non-profit-sponsored educational resources which apply to genetic engineering.
Educational Textbooks
Textbooks are by far one of the best ways to learn about the latest in Biology and Wetware.
Do you recommend any feeds, blogs, wikis, instructables, .. ?
• Add your favorite ones here.
Is DNA, RNA really like Software? What does DNA, RNA look like?
DNA is not really "like software." DNA is a physical structure, and much of biology operates on the physical (mechanical) fit of macro-molecules. Changing the sequence (the "software") can result in big changes in the physical structure, which changes the bio-properties of the macro-molecule.
Safety documentation
This section is for safety documentation from external bodies. DIYbio-related safety information is found in the other FAQ sections (See 'DIYbio FAQ on Methods').
What is synthetic biology and related technology? Does DIYBio do Genetic Engineering?
Synthetic Biology: A Definition [From Davidson College's Synthetic Biology Seminar in the Fall of 2007]
Synthetic biology refers to the design and construction of novel biological systems. Applying an engineering approach to biology, this emerging field provides an opportunity to: 1) develop new organisms that are capable of performing useful functions and 2) test our understanding how complex biological systems work.
In 1978, the Nobel Prize in Medicine went to Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans, and Hamilton O. Smith for the discovery of restriction enzymes. This discovery marked the beginning of recombinant DNA technology and genetic engineering. Researchers now had the ability to modify the genomes of organisms by cutting and pasting segments of their DNA. For years, genetic engineers have made slight genome modifications in organisms, either by the insertion or deletion of one or two genes, in order to observe phenotypic changes. More recently, as our knowledge of biological systems has grown, the new field of synthetic biology has begun to steal the spotlight. This field builds on the principles of genetic engineering, but attempts to modify genomes on a much larger scale. Instead of inserting or deleting one or two genes, synthetic biologists use recombinant DNA technology and, increasingly, artificial DNA synthesis to introduce whole gene networks into organisms. Because of its complex nature, synthetic biology brings together many different disciplines such as biology, math, engineering and chemistry to try to engineer genomes using preexisting and new biological systems and components. Mathematical modeling enhances the design of synthetic systems before implementation in the wet lab. The possible areas of influence for such biological devices are seemingly infinite, ranging from the production of reusable biofuels to the treatment of some or all cancers. The ultimate goal of synthetic biology is to both build novel (new) biological systems and to create a better understanding of existing ones.
Also see http://syntheticbiology.org/FAQ.html
Drew Endy - Informal - Broad overview
Professor Drew Endy explains that Synthetic Biology techniques are built on top of the foundational technologies of genetic engineering (PCR, oligonucleotides, and DNA sequencing) and are include abstraction, standardization (i.e., biobricks), and automated DNA synthesis. Insulation and Standard Measurement Units (i.e. signal carriers) in biological systems are also significant interests in current synthetic biology research. See also syntheticbiology.org.
What are BioBricks?
BioBricks can be described as Lego blocks for building biological systems. However they are in "alpha" state and do not yet work for building arbitrary biological systems. Research needs to be completed and this research will take at least another decade [1st hand quote from personal conversation with BioBricks founders -- jcline]. As of 2009, less than five Biobrick parts have been characterized with reliable and quantifiable behavior.
What is iGEM?
iGEM, the international genetically engineered machine competition, is the premiere undergraduate synthetic biology conference in the world using and developing Biobricks. iGEM teams have been testing and realizing the principles of synthetic biology on a massive scale for the last 5 years, illustrating the viability of garage biotechnology. Student teams are given a kit of biological parts at the beginning of the summer from the Registry of Standard Biological Parts. Working at their own schools over the summer, they use these parts and new parts of their own design to build biological systems and operate them in living cells. Check out igem.org or wikipedia for more info.
More on Synthetic Biology Projects and Parts
Legal Discussions
Legal discussions include both patent issues and safety-regulatory issues. Email safety@diybio.org to get involved in the discussions of safety.
Legal Discussions from the BioBrick Foundation
What's all this about "open", anyway?
This is the desire to continue to apply open source concepts to biology and related fields for great benefits.
"Open" means sharing the biological protocols, the instructions for building the equipment and sources of the materials, the directions for using the equipment, the source code of the software used for the equipment, the raw data from the experiment, the results and any other aspects of the experimental process, in a digital format, on the internet. All of this sharing occurs under typical information technology process (such as on a wiki, or source control, or open database) so that revisions of documents and data can be compared or copied to a new method (called "branching" in software terms). The sharing can be performed under a variety of permissions such as open source licenses which allow others to re-use, modify and distribute their own designs of the technology. Benefits:
Background and References:
Dramatic recent expansion of intellectual property protection in the field of biotechnology has led to concerns that ongoing innovation will be blocked unless actionis taken to preserve access to and freedom to operate with those tools that are important for further research and development.
A great deal of the innovation we need to see will not come from academia or existing corporations, but from people noodling around in their garages or in start-ups yet to be founded.
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[329] advantage, and this was speedily filled in part by reinforcements from Logan and Dodge.
Hardee's troops gained the rear and flank of McPherson unobserved, and were marching northward and westward against the enemy when the divisions of Bate and Walker encountered Sweeny's division and a brigade of Fuller's division of Dodge's corps, faced directly to meet them. Fuller not only delivered a disconcerting fire, but made a headlong charge, which resulted in the capture of a considerable number of the Sixty-sixth Georgia, including the colonel and adjutant. But though momentarily checked by this unexpected line of battle, the Confederates rallied and advanced again in repeated assaults upon the enemy's lines.
In one of these attacks, when the Confederate line was broken by an enfilading fire, Maj.-Gen. W. H. T. Walker rode out from the woods, and swinging his hat, cheered his men forward, but in the next moment he was shot from his horse. Here the slaughter was fearful, as many as thirteen of Walker's men being found dead in one corner of a rail fence behind which they formed. Soon after the death of Walker, Major-General McPherson, the equal of Walker in courage, rode toward Blair's southernmost division, and was soon unexpectedly confronted by the Confederate line. Being called on to surrender, he turned away, and fell dead under the volley that immediately followed. The Confederates renewed the fight from that direction, and though an Illinois regiment was able to rescue McPherson's body, it was soon driven pellmell from the woods. A Federal battery coming through the woods to the assistance of Fuller was captured near the place where McPherson fell. Fuller's men, though fiercely attacked, lay down behind a ridge, and aided by artillery from their rear, managed to hold their ground until withdrawn at night. Sweeny's division that day lost 208, and Fuller's 653, killed, wounded and missing.
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ē-rūctō —, āre,
to belch forth, vomit, throw up: saniem, V.: gurges Cocyto eructat harenam, V. — Fig.: sermonibus suis caedem bonorum, make drunken threats of.
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Yahoo! Publisher Network Partnerships
Mar 16, 2007 • 7:25 am | (1) by | Filed Under Yahoo Publisher Network
One common thread you see come up a lot in Yahoo! Publisher Network forum threads, especially at DigitalPoint Forums, as partnership threads. Partnership threads are threads started by "publishers" who cannot get a Yahoo! Publisher Network account for one of many reasons and asks to partner with one who has an account.
Why can't these publisher's get accounts? Can be because the publisher is based outside the US, and Yahoo! currently does not allow any country outside the US participate in this program yet. It can be because their site was rejected. It can be because they had an account and it was suspended due to violation of the terms of service.
It worries me when reading these threads. Here is an example of a recent looking for partner thread.
I have a lot of sites and i am looking for a partner and want to get into Publisher Network
My sites get a lot of traffic from United States and Europe . 99% of content is in english .
I am ready to split my own revenue 60-40 with you .
If you are interested please PM me or post your reply here .
Typically the share may be 50/50 or in this case 60/40.
There is a thread at DigitalPoint Forums telling publishers to beware of such partnerships. The reasoning used in the thread, in my opinion, is off. My main reason why one should be worried is that it is your account on the line. If they get your account suspended, then you are left with nothing, while all they need to do is start another "looking for partner" thread.
Forum discussion at DigitalPoint Forums.
Previous story: Google Reader Update
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CMD sent two reporters to track ALEC in Oklahoma
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CMD sent two reporters to track ALEC in Oklahoma
Click here to help support our future investigations.
Walter Williams (Capitalism Magazine)
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Tim Lambert, The Great DDT Hoax, Deltoid, February 17, 2005.
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Place:Brook Park, Pine, Minnesota, United States
Watchers
NameBrook Park
TypeCity
Coordinates45.933°N 93.067°W
Located inPine, Minnesota, United States
source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Brook Park is a city in Pine County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 139 at the 2010 census.
Minnesota State Highways 23 and 107 are two of the main routes in the community.
Research Tips
This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Brook Park, Minnesota. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
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Tell me more ×
Answers OnStartups is a question and answer site for entrepreneurs looking to start or run a new business. It's 100% free, no registration required.
I've been working at a pre-launch startup for the past year (going to launch in the next several weeks). I'm supposed to sign my Stock Purchase Agreement soon, but wanted to run this by to see if I am getting a good deal for the amount of work that I put in.
I am receiving 10% of the whole company for my contributions in the year. I dedicated nearly full-time hours to this startup. Part of me feels like this is low especially if I haven't been paid for my time (I started right after I came out of college).
The split goes as follows: 6% angels 10% option pool 10% me remainder other founder
Now, the other founder originally had the idea and worked on a good chunk of the project before I came in. When I came in, I helped offset the development work, did some bug fixes and feature implementations. He is doing the pitching and most of the fundraising.
Does this seem like a fair deal for everyone?
Thank you.
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1 Answer
up vote 2 down vote accepted
There's an app for that - foundrs.com
Fill it out and see what it says.
While the tool doesn't address a funding source (founder or otherwise), understanding where you would be from ground zero is somewhat useful. Also challenging is that your are likely to be considered an early hire (paid in equity) vs a "founder". One could argue either position - but since you are negotiating now (and not prior to starting) you fall more into the first hire camp.
After reviewing Joels post on share allocation and this post on equity for early employees you should have some ammo to either agree with or argue for more equity.
Either way - talk to someone about tax implications of receiving shares.
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Source link: http://archive.mises.org/20305/hoppe-and-the-australian-mises-seminar/
Hoppe and the Australian Mises Seminar
January 7, 2012 by
Professor Hoppe was the keynote speaker at the recent, very successful Australian Mises Seminar, 25-26th November, 2011, held in a private club in the Sydney CBD.
Various posts about the event, and the videos released to date (which are in 1080p HD), are linked here.
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OUseful.Info, the blog…
Trying to find useful things to do with emerging technologies in open education
Interest Differencing: Folk Commonly Followed by Tweeting MPs of Different Parties
Earlier this year I doodled a recipe for comparing the folk commonly followed by users of a couple of BBC programme hashtags (Social Media Interest Maps of Newsnight and BBCQT Twitterers). Prompted in part by a tweet from Michael Smethurst/@fantasticlife about generating an ESP map for UK politicians (something I’ve also doodled before – Sketching the Structure of the UK Political Media Twittersphere) I drew on the @tweetminster Twitter lists of MPs by party to generate lists of folk commonly followed by the MPs of each party.
Using the R wordcloud library commonality and comparison clouds, we can get a visual impression of folk commonly followed in significant numbers by all the MPs of the three main parties, as well as the folk the MPs of each party follow significantly and differentially to the other parties:
There’s still a fair bit to do making the methodology robust (for example, being able to cope with comparing folk commonly followed by different sets of users where the size of the set differs to a significant extent (for example, there is a large difference between the number of tweeting Conservative and LibDem MPs). I’ve also noticed that repeatedly running the comparison.cloud code turns up different clouds, so there’s some element of randomness in there. I guess this just adds to the “sketchy” nature of the visualisation; or maybe hints at a technique akin to the way a photogrpaher will take multiple shots of a subject before picking one or two to illustrate something in particular. Which is to say: the “truthiness” of the image reflects the message that you are trying to communicate. The visualisation in this case exposes a partial truth (which is to say, no absolute truth), or particular perspective about the way different groups differentially follow folk on Twitter. A couple of other quirks I’ve noticed about the comparison.cloud as currently defined: firstly, very highly represented friends are sized too large to appear in the cloud (which is why very commonly followed folk across all sets – the people that appear in the commonality cloud – tend not to appear) – there must be a better way of handling this? Secondly, if one person is represented so highly in one group that they don’t appear in the cloud for that group, they may appear elsewhere in the cloud. (So for example, I tried plotting clouds for folk commonly followed by a sample of the followers of @davegorman, as well as the people commonly followed by the friends of @davegorman – and @davegorman appeared as a small label in the friends part of the comparison.cloud (notwithstanding the fact that all the followers of @davegorman follow @davegorman, but not all his friends do… What might make more sense would be to suppress the display of a label in the colour of a particular group if that label has a higher representation in any of the other groups (and isn’t displayed because it would be too large)).
That said, as a quick sketch, I think there’s some information being revealed there (the coloured comparison.cloud seems to pull out some names that make sense as commonly followed folk peculiar to each party…). I guess way forward is to start picking apart the comparison.cloud code, another is to explore a few more comparison sets? Suggestions welcome as to what they might be…:-)
PS by the by, I notice via the Guardian datablog (Church vs beer: using Twitter to map regional differences in US culture) another Twitter based comparison project – Church or Beer? Americans on Twitter – which looked at geo-coded Tweets over a particular time period on a US state-wide basis and counted the relative occurrence of Tweets mentioning “church” or “beer”…
Written by Tony Hirst
July 6, 2012 at 1:37 pm
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Outcome of postoperative critically ill patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: an observational retrospective case-control study
Elise M Gettings, Kathryn A Brush, Elizabeth M Van Cott and William E Hurford*
Critical Care 2006, 10:R161 doi:10.1186/cc5100
See related commentary by Wester, http://ccforum.com/content/11/1/102
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playoffs 2011
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2011 NBA Playoffs: Mavericks Anxious To Find Out If They Face Grizzlies Or Thunder
The Dallas Mavericks could find if they'll be facing the Memphis Grizzlies or Oklahoma City Thunder as soon as Friday evening (8 p.m., ESPN) in the next round of the 2011 NBA Playoffs.
Photographs by jamesbrandon, jdtornow, phlezk, flygraphix, mcdlttx, tomasland, and literalbarrage used in background montage under Creative Commons. Thank you.
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Water Veil
In-Game Description
Support Spell
Covers the user in a sheet of water, slightly reducing fire damage.
Fire is a common method of attack, used in both natural and magical forms. This spell should prove handy quite often.
General Information
Spell Type MP Cost Duration Slot Cost NPC Trainer Training Cost
Buff Spell 20 60 Seconds 1 Magic Slot Freke's Apprentice
Sage Freke, the Visionary
500 souls
Notes
Unless otherwise stated, the content of this page is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License
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Talk:BeagleBoardUbuntu
From eLinux.org
Revision as of 15:06, 11 September 2012 by RobertCNelson (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Contents
Tasks
Here's my current list of tastks, listed by priorty:
Jump in if you have an itch...
Everything i have is here: https://github.com/RobertCNelson/
rcn-ee.net archive notes
Kernel:
version - Stable Deb - Testing Deb - Remove Archive
Karmic - (done) - (done) - (done)
Lucid - (Precise) - (done) - (Precise)
Maverick - (Quantal) - (done) - (Quantal)
Natty - (Quantal + 1) - (done) - (Quantal + 1)
Oneiric - (Quantal + 2) - (done) - (Quantal + 2)
Precise - (Quantal + 3) - (Quantal) - (Quantal + 3)
Quantal - (Quantal + 4) - (Quantal + 1) - (Quantal + 3)
Lenny - (done(keep 2.6.29)) - (done) - (Wheezy)
Squeeze - (Wheezy) - (Wheezy) - (Jessie)
Wheezy - (Jessie) - (Jessie) - (Jessie + 1)
Jessie - (Jessie + 1) - (Jessie + 1) - (Jessie + 2)
Everything Else:
2.6.36 - Removed
2.6.37 - Removed (Removed during 3.2-rc's)
2.6.38 - Removed (Removed during 3.3-rc's)
2.6.39 - Removed (Removal during 3.4-rc's)
3.0 - Removed (except last one (sgx beagle-c4)) (Removal during 3.5-rc's)
3.1 - Removed (Removal during 3.6-rc's)
3.2 - Older Stable (Lucid/Maverick/Natty/Oneiric/Precise Squeeze/Wheezy/Sid)
3.3 - Skipped (Oneiric/Precise Squeeze/Wheezy/Sid) (not quite ready still needs more testing)
3.4 - Stable (Beagle only) Devel (Oneiric/Precise Squeeze/Wheezy/Sid)
3.5 - Stable-Development (Precise/Quantal Squeeze/Wheezy/Sid)
3.6 - Development (Precise/Quantal Squeeze/Wheezy/Sid)
Keep Last two RC's at a time..
3.0-rc (Removed during 3.2-rc)
3.1-rc (Removed during 3.3-rc)
3.2-rc (Removed during 3.4-rc)
3.3-rc (Removed during 3.5-rc)
3.4-rc (Removed during 3.6-rc)
3.5-rc
3.6-rc
Ps: Anything Removed is still in the Archive Mirror: http://rcn-ee.homeip.net:81/dl/mirrors/deb/
Simple: Things
Bug List
Maverick, X Session - Console broken
Looks like the omapfb package is broken with xorg..
Maverick is EOF (april 2012), please retest with oneiric/precise.. --RobertCNelson 14:59, 12 June 2012 (UTC)
Questions
Upgrade X-loader and U-boot
The content of the following git repo seems to be buggy. mmc card builds fine but after running some errors occur.
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/flash-omap.git
After mk_mmc.sh you might get a
Unknown command 'mmcinit' - try 'help'
• Actually, my script never calls "mmcinit/mmc init" as the new mlo/u-boot will "init" the mmc before loading either boot.scr/uEnv.txt from the mmc and then run the reflash script. --RobertCNelson 13:23, 18 May 2011 (UTC)
BTW: Running on a Rev. C3
I guess this one should be addressed to Rob. But anyway:
Thus you could still follow the instructions of the manual run.
Unfortunately this part is outdated as well for the u-boot which arrived late 2010.
Note: If using the latest version of u-boot note that the commands and parameters might have changed. Thus you might have to use mmc init 0; mmc rescan 0 instead of mmcinit or mmc init 0.
A fatload mmc 0:1 0x80200000 MLO will mostlikely result in something like
MMC: block number 0x1 exceeds max(0x0)
** Can't read from device 0 **
until mmc rescan 0. Such things occur quite often in community forums.
Should the current description be kept on the wiki page since older u-boots are still used? Or will we have to replace the text to make it work with the latest u-boot?
Probably this could be done in parallel when updating and solving the content of the git above?
Cheers,
-- Merkel 10:15, 18 May 2011 (UTC)
• The script has been working perfectly fine with u-boot 2010 for a good year on both Bx/Cx boards. It assumes the worst possible situation, an un-bootable beagle, so you *must* hold down the user button on power up to enable mmc boot. Anything else is/has-been unreliable because u-boot will changes there commands on any random whim... The updated mlo on the mmc will then load u-boot.bin which will init the mmc with it's own internal "mmc boot" script (so mmc init/mmcinit/etc is not needed). On the Bx we need to use the older 2010 u-boot which will then load boot.scr and reflash/replace mlo/u-boot in memory leaving your u-boot env alone (so you'll probally need to update your boot env..) For the Cx we can use a newer faster u-boot (2011), which also happens to load uEnv.txt first, which will then load boot.scr and do the same. --RobertCNelson 13:32, 18 May 2011 (UTC)
• Since you got: "Unknown command 'mmcinit' - try 'help'" i'm going to assume you had a much older mlo/u-boot installed previously, if you paste your boot message on pastebin.com and either email me (email listed here http://elinux.org/User:RobertCNelson ) we could work out where your getting stuck.. --RobertCNelson 13:32, 18 May 2011 (UTC)
Adding the SGX is unclear
Your instructions on adding the SGX acceleration are unclear - you don't specify where all the files you are copying are to come from.
e.g. you say "cp *.so /usr/lib" - but you don't say WHERE you are to issue that command from.
David Hagood 21:57, 3 June 2009 (UTC)
Your choice, either the gfx_rel or the gfx_dbg* directory of the SDK. *really not sure how helpful ti/imgtec would be if we ever found a bug.. ;)
--RobertCNelson 01:46, 4 June 2009 (UTC)
any pre-made images?
It seems a lot easier to put Angstrom on the SD card than Ubuntu--why? Is there any way not to build the rootfs from scratch but rather untar onto the ext3 partition?
There's really two issues, hosting and what is a good generic package for everyone???
File Sizes when tar'ed & 7z'ed
bare-bone base: 47Mb
lxde-desktop: 101Mb
xfce4-desktop: 112Mb
gnome-desktop: 144Mb
xubuntu-desktop: 321Mb
kubuntu-desktop: 357Mb
ubuntu-desktop: 382Mb
I've thought of at-least uploading the bare-bone's to rcn-ee.com, which is good generic starting point, but it's still almost faster to just build lxde-desktop from scratch. (specially if you are you are using apt-cacher-ng/etc)
--RobertCNelson 13:54, 24 June 2009 (UTC)
It probably is faster to build from scratch--however (as an unfortunate medium-level non-computer professional linux user) it took me 15 hours to compile the full ubuntu-desktop image (is that normal?). For the life of me I could not get the uImage to load from my RevC3 board, no matter how I updated the uboot--however, it finally worked when I copied the MLO and uboot.bin files from my working Angstrom card as the first ones on my reformatted fat32 partition and then downloaded your kernel and renamed it uImage.bin. I'd rather know how to get it working with your instructions but I'm glad it worked. Your instructions are quite clear btw although I couldn't upgrade the kernel or write kernel scripts as I couldn't get that far--the nand just wouldn't read the uImage at all.
Considering the number of packages, 15 hours sounds about right. For reference on my dual opteron, with the full ubuntu repo mirrored it takes roughly 6 hours for ubuntu-desktop. An lxde (lxde, gdm) or xfce4 (xfce4, gdm) minimal desktop takes roughly and hour and a half... Could you pastebin your U-Boot bootup with error, I'm guessing it's the latest with the default environment (printenv) which has been changed by default to look for uImage.bin instead of just uImage (and "mmcinit" has been replaced by "mmc init")..
--RobertCNelson 12:59, 25 June 2009 (UTC)
Basically it just said "unable to read uImage file" but there was nothing special. I tried renaming uImage to uImage.bin but nothing happened. The only thing that worked for me was the combo MLO+uboot.bin+uImage.bin. --Jthiels 19:20, 27 June 2009 (UTC)
console-setup-min
I'm not sure where to put this in the page, but adding console-setup-mini to my seed list dramatically improved my boot time. --Rwfowler 16:57, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
Interesting.
Maybe after the Jaunty/Karmic setup section in Build Image?
Replace "Note: For USB WIFI adapters, add package "linux-firmware, wireless-tools" to the --seed WiFi Hints: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuNetwork"
with an new subsection:
Useful Seeds:
console-setup-mini: fast console boot...
linux-firmware, wireless-tools: WiFi Hints: http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntuNetwork
We don't need to explain every one, just ones that make a nice difference for the board..
PS. I've given some thought about making a meta package such as "ubuntu-desktop" but for the beagle, "beagle-console", "beagle-desktop"
--RobertCNelson 20:41, 9 November 2009 (UTC)
uEnv.txt
The listed uEnv.txt for the Beagleboard XM is wrong. For one thing, it references a zimage file and the instructions make a uImage file.
I used the following, but I'm sure its non-optimal (it waits for a network, for one thing). Any suggestions?
bootargs=ro elevator=noop vram=12M omapfb.mode=dvi:1280x720MR-16@60 mpurate=500 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 fixrtc quiet splash uenvcmd=mmc rescan;fatload mmc 0:1 0x80000000 uImage;fatload mmc 0:1 0x81600000 uInitrd;bootm 0x80000000 0x81600000
--Richdrich 08:52, 11 September 2012 (UTC)
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Rana catesbeiana
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North-American-bullfrog1
Scientific nameRana catesbeiana Taxonomic rankSpecies
AuthorShaw, 1802 Valid nameyes
Taxonomic information Reference
Kingdom Animalia PESI webservices (simplified taxonony) (2012)
Phylum Chordata
Class Amphibia
Order Anura
Family Ranidae
Genus Rana
External links
Source
Title: Atlas of Amphibians and Reptiles in Europe
Author: Gasc J.P. and al.
Publisher:
Publication date: 1997
Url:
Synonyms
Scientific name Author
Rana mugiens Merrem, 1820
Rana scapularis Harlan, 1825
Rana conspersa Le Conte, 1855
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wiki:Ro:WikiStart
translation incomplete
JOSM is an extensible editor for OpenStreetMap (OSM) written in Java 1.6.
Currently it supports loading stand-alone GPX tracks and GPX track data from the OSM database as well as loading and editing existing nodes, ways, metadata tags and relations from the OSM database.
Launch josm.jnlp (version 5939)
recommended version, all platforms, automatic update (Web Start)
Download josm-tested.jar (version 5939)
all platforms (how to run)
Windows installer (version 5939)
Mac OS X package (version 5939)
Latest development version (5965), Ubuntu package repository and other download options.
What has been changed recently?
Extensii
Getting Started | Help
Ai gasit o eroare ? | Ai o idee ? | Ai o sugestie ?
• Please report any bug found: Create a new ticket. When reporting a bug, please include the first three blocks of the status report (Help -> Show status report).
• Discuss ideas and suggestions also in the bug tracker or on the josm-dev mailing list.
Contribute
• Use JOSM
• Report bugs, discuss ideas, think of possible enhancements (see above).
• Participate in bug tracking
• Review bugs, up/down vote tickets, find duplicates, test bugs, add more descriptive texts.
• Correct/update/extend the online help
• Unify all JOSM-related Wiki pages and join them with the online help.
• Translate program/documentation.
• Design fancy new icons.
• Write code – get the code and write patches …
• from the official Subversion repository: svn co http://josm.openstreetmap.de/svn/trunk josm.
• from the official OSM Subversion repository (including plugins): svn co http://svn.openstreetmap.org/applications/editors/josm.
• from the unofficial GitHub mirror: git clone git://github.com/openstreetmap/josm.git.
• See developers guide for build instructions and other details.
This site
• This site is a combined online help and bug tracking system for JOSM and JOSM plugins.
• No login is required to use this site (neither for reading nor for changes to wiki or bug tracker).
• A login has the following advantages:
• The JOSM applet can store settings on the server.
• Mail is sent for changes in your own bug tracker tickets. This is possible by entering an e-mail as user name in the tickets, too, but then be aware that the address is openly visible and you are unable to change that later.
• Page settings are remembered (e.g. input field size and a lot of other stuff).
• Logins which have no e-mail address or which have not been used at least once are automatically deleted.
• Logins to edit the OpenStreetMap database are separate from the logins on this server.
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Logan Pearsall Smith (October 18, 1865-March 2, 1946) was an American essayist and critic who settled in London. He was known for his aphorisms and epigrams. His autobiography Unforgotten Years (1938) is probably now his best known work.
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Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. Heywood, John
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John Heywood (1497-1580) was an English writer known for his plays, poems, and collection of proverbs. He was born in or near London, but fled to Europe to avoid religious persecution for his Catholic faith and is believed to have died in Mechelen, Belgium. His son was the poet and translator Jasper Heywood.
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Dejan Stojanoviæ was born in Pec, Kosovo (the former Yugoslavia), in 1959. Although a lawyer by education, he has never practiced law and instead became a journalist. He is a poet, essayist, philosopher, and businessman and published six critically acclaimed books of poetry in Serbia: "Circling," "The Sun Watches the Sun," "The Sign and Its Children," "The Shape," "The Creator," and "Dance of Time." In 1986, as a young writer, he was recognized among 200 writers at the Bor (former Yugoslavia) Literary Festival. He also received the prestigious "Rastko Petrovic" Award from the Society of Serbian Writers for his book of interviews with major European and American artists and writers. In addition to poetry and prose, he has worked as a correspondent for the Serbian weekly magazine "Pogledi" ("Views"). His book of interviews from 1990 to 1992 in Europe and America, entitled Conversations, included interviews with several major American writers, including Nobel Laureate Saul Bellow, Charles Simic, and Steve Tesic. He has been living in Chicago since 1990.
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A lean compromise is better than a fat lawsuit. Herbert, George
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George Herbert (April 3, 1593 March 1, 1633) was an English poet and orator. Despite living for only 40 years, his stock as a poet has risen and risen. The poems of his final years, written while as a clergyman at Bemerton near Salisbury, are like nothing else in literature. They combine a profound spirituality with a restless experimentation. Their language remains fresh and inspiring today.
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It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
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Quotes by Mauriac, Francois
Franois Mauriac (October 11, 1885 September 1, 1970) was a French author. He is acknowledged to be one of the greatest Roman Catholic writers of the 20th century..
"Human love is often but the encounter of two weaknesses."
Mauriac, Francois on weakness
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omer asik
Rumor: Celtics considering strong offer for Bulls’ Asik
Bulls.com’s Sam Smith has this scoop: The Celtics are one the teams said to be considering a strong offer to Bulls center Asik. The thinking is it might help them retain Kevin Garnett, who though playing very well at center the second half of the season doesn’t want to return as a center. .. Smith [...]
June 18, 2012 Chuck - Red's Army Celtics News, Rumors 17
Which is the better Baby blocked dunk attempt?
Big Baby is flashing some ups lately on the defensive end. So we ask you… which Baby block of a dunk attempt is better: the one on Omer Asik from last night, or the block on Ramon Sessions from the Cavs game? [...]
December 4, 2010 RedsArmyAdmin Uncategorized 3
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View source | Discuss this page | Page history | Printable version
SCM Migration Process
Contents
Introduction
Openbravo has been using a centralized Source Code Management system (SCM; Subversion) since April 2006. Now (November 2008), Openbravo has decided to migrate to a distributed SCM (DSCM; Mercurial). This page holds information related to this decision and to the migration process.
Requirements
Development:
Administration:
Others:
Why Mercurial
This section does not include an exhaustive analysis of all the alternatives. It is just an enumeration of the main reasons to use Mercurial.
Development:
Administration:
Others:
As of version 1.1, Mercurial has some limitations:
Authentication
There are basically two ways of publishing repositories in Mercurial: through HTTP and through SSH. Both options have their pros and cons. HTTP is easier to implement and is available everywhere (not filtered). SSH gives a more granular control.
The decision is to go for the simplest solution. So we decided to first try with HTTP and only try SSH if we found that HTTP was not enough. It seems that starting with Mercurial 1.1 HTTP is enough for our needs. However, we may need some simple scripts to manage access through groups.
Every project will have at most four different zones:
Structure of repositories
Project structure
URL scheme: http://code.openbravo.com/[project]/[stage]/[subproject]
List of projects:
Common stages:
Example Openbravo ERP URLs:
Example Openbravo POS URLs:
Release publishing repositories
The idea is to have some read-only repositories for the released versions. These repositories will have different access permissions depending on the type of release:
When Openbravo used Subversion, the tags were not really tags. Some were modified. Others did not reflect a state or snapshot of the parent repository path. Because of this, we cannot use the natural way of managing tags in Mercurial, at least with the old ones.
Considerations and criteria:
Chosen solution:
Release stabilization branches
Release stabilization branches are no longer used.
With Subversion, whenever we wanted to make a new release, we created a new branch to isolate release stabilization changes from further developments done in the original branch. For example, for the release of 2.50alpha-r4, we created a branch from trunk called branches/2.50alpha-r4. Developers could continue fixing bugs in trunk and should only fix bugs in the 2.50alpha-r4 branch if the bug is critical for the release. This meant that the final tag is a snapshot of the stabilization branch and not a snapshot of trunk. This was not a problem in Subversion, because Subversions tags are just new branches. However, a tag in Mercurial is just a label for a revision. And in the previous example, those labels should point to trunk.
Although in theory Mercurial allows doing repositories with just one revision, it's rather ugly and this is a good opportunity to change the release process to a cleaner approach. So from now on, instead of developing in the original branch and doing stabilization in a new one, the stabilization will be done in the original repository and new developments will be done in clones. After the tag has been created, the clones can be merged back.
Processes
From the book Distributed revision control with Mercurial:
"...it's often good practice to keep a 'pristine' copy of a remote repository around, which you can then make temporary clones of to create sandboxes for each task you want to work on. This lets you work on multiple tasks in parallel, each isolated from the others until it's complete and you're ready to integrate it back. Because local clones are so cheap, there's almost no overhead to cloning and destroying repositories whenever you want."
We recommend this process of using cheap local clones. The general process is:
A developer could have several temporary clones of the same repository to isolate different developments. For example, if a developer is fixing two bugs simultaneously but wants the commits and tests to be isolated, he would use two separate clones.
Developers
Fixing a bug
Example: the developer has to fix issue 6265 in main.
The developer starts by doing a local clone of the branch he wants to fix:
hg clone ~/src/erp/devel/main ~/src/erp/devel/issue6265_main
Then the developer can start fixing and testing the issue in that clone, doing as many commits as needed. Each commit should be an atomic piece.
cd ~/src/erp/devel/issue6265_main
(edit fixme.java)
hg ci -m "Fixes issue 6265."
When the developer is happy with the fix, the changesets can be pushed to Openbravo repository:
hg push https://code.openbravo.com/erp/devel/main
When finished, he can delete the clone and update his pristine clone:
rm -rf ~/src/erp/devel/issue6265_main
cd ~/src/erp/devel/main
hg pull -u
Backporting a bug fix
Example: the developer has to backport the fix of issue 6265 from devel/main to stable/2.40.
The developer has already fixed the bug in one branch and wants to repeat the fix in another branch. First he clones the branch he wants to fix:
hg clone ~/src/erp/stable/2.40 ~/src/erp/stable/issue6265_2.40
Then he can use transplant to apply the same fix in this branch (4544 is the revision of the commit done to fix this bug in main):
hg transplant -s ~/src/erp/devel/main 4544
After testing the fix, he can push the update to Openbravo repository and delete the temporary clone:
hg push https://code.openbravo.com/erp/devel/main
rm -rf ~/src/erp/stable/issue6265_2.40
The transplant extension is distributed along with Mercurial. Another possibility to backport changes is to use hg export and hg import.
Developing a new feature
New features can be developed in local repositories. But if other core developers or community members are also contributing to this feature, you want a public repository to share your developments.
Example: the developer wants to start a community project to develop a new feature based on main.
hg clone https://code.openbravo.com/erp/devel/modularity ~/src/erp/devel/modularity
hg clone ~/src/erp/devel/modularity ~/src/modularity
hg clone ~/src/erp/devel/main ~/src/erp/devel/merge_modularity
cd ~/src/erp/devel/merge_modularity
hg pull ~/src/erp/devel/modularity
hg merge
(conflict resolution)
hg ci -m "Merged modularity."
Instead of pull+merge, the fetch extension could be used.
Once the merge is done, the changesets can be pushed into the centralized main repository and the merge repository can be deleted:
hg push https://code.openbravo.com/erp/devel/main
rm -rf ~/src/erp/devel/merge_modularity
Finally, the modularity repository can be deleted.
New repository for new feature
Sharing changes with other developers is an easy task with SSH or using the built-in web server. However, there are situations where developers want to share the work with other developers or with the community in a centralized manner.
There is no built-in support in Mercurial for server-side copy of a branch (i.e. remote to remote cloning). However, an interactive script could be added to the server to provide this feature. An example session could look like this:
$ ssh $USERNAME@code.openbravo.com 'create erp feature-1'
Clone another ERP branch? Answering no will create an empty repository [Y/N]: Y
Name of the branch to clone: erp/devel/main
...
Your new branch is at http://code.openbravo.com/erp/devel/feature-1
Core developers are allowed to create remote clones of the main repository.
An alternative to SSH is to create our own web interface to manage these requests.
New developer & access controls
Every repository will have one or more developers in change of them (manager). The Project Managers decide who can pull/push and who cannot.
To add a new developer, an interactive script could be added to the server to provide this feature. An example session could look like this:
$ ssh $USERNAME@code.openbravo.com 'addhguser'
Create a new account? [Y/N]: Y
Developer user name: johndoe
Developer e-mail: john@doe.com
...
New user created. An e-mail has been sent to john@doe.com with the developer credentials.
Equally, to delete a developer account:
$ ssh $USERNAME@code.openbravo.com 'delhguser'
Delete an existing account? [Y/N]: Y
Developer user name: johndoe
This is permanent. Are you absolutely sure? [Y/N]: Y
...
User johndoe deleted.
Finally, the developer in charge of a repository is capable of managing the access controls. An example session could look like this:
$ ssh $USERNAME@code.openbravo.com 'hgacl'
Manage access controls? [Y/N]: Y
You are the manager of the following repositories:
* erp/devel/main
* erp/devel/localization
* erp/devel/my-feature-1
Select a repository: erp/devel/my-feature-1
Developer user name (use 'all' for anonymous): johndoe
Current permissions of johndoe in erp/devel/my-feature-1:
+pull
-push
Select action: +pull
...
Permissions modified for user johndoe in erp/devel/my-feature-1:
+pull
+push
Release Management
Creating new stable repository
To be done only by Release Management. This could be done directly on the server. Or a ssh script/web interface could be created.
Releasing a new version
Example: Release Management wants to release 2.50alpha-r5.
A release is based on a tag. A tag is just a name for a specific revision. The process to make the release is:
hg tag 2.50alpha-r5
Deleting a repository
To be done only by Release Management. This could be done directly on the server. Or a ssh script/web interface could be created. Repository Managers will notify Release Management when a repository is no longer useful.
Server infrastructure
Until now, all the developments were done in a single server. And all the developments done related to projects were done in the same repository. For example, the main Openbravo ERP development was done in the openbravo repository, in the trunk path. A trunk feature branch as done in openbravo/branches/feature-1, and also a customer branch was locate in openbravo/branches/cus_name. Given the centralized nature of Subversion, we were forced to use this approach.
Now, with Mercurial we want to split this into different servers, depending on the purpose. This means that all the developments done by core developers of Openbravo ERP and Openbravo POS will be done in one server. And the repositories used by the Openbravo Global Partner Services will be located in a different server.
Server requirements:
The number one candidate is Amazon EC2.
Migration
Migration tool
The migration tool should satisfy the following requirements:
1. Allow migrating an entire repository.
2. Allow migrating till a specific revision.
3. Allow migrating starting from a specific revision.
4. Migrate the entire untouched history.
5. Allow mapping user names to real names.
6. Allow saving a revision - changeset equivalent table in a text file.
7. Manage tags and branches.
8. Be reasonably fast (not more than 1 day for a 5GB repository).
Viable tools:
So the Convert Extension will be used to do the migration.
This is the command used to migrate trunk:
hg convert --config convert.svn.startrev=1063 file:///mnt/svn-repos/openbravo/trunk /mnt/trunk_migrated /mnt/trunk_migrated.revmap
To convert a tag without preserving the branch name:
hg convert --config convert.hg.usebranchnames=False file:///mnt/svn-repos/openbravo/tags/r2.35mp5 /mnt/hg-repos/erp/release/2.35mp5
It takes 45min. The maintenance branches, DBSourceManager and Openbravo POS take around 15 minutes.
What
What will be migrated:
Milestones and tentative schedule
ID Milestone Owner When Status
1 Prepare the test Mercurial machine Jpabloae 17/12/2008 Done
2 Test the processes with volunteered developers Jpabloae 19/12/2008 Done
3 Port the current Subversion-Mantis integration to Mercurial Jaimetorre 20/01/2009 Done
4 Test and update development documentation using Mercurial Eclipse Jaimetorre 10/02/2009 Done
5 Write a Mercurial at Openbravo guide Jpabloae 10/02/2009 Done
6 Set up final server in EU Jpabloae 12/02/2009 Done
7 Migrate ERP's trunk and stable branches Jaimetorre 24/02/2009 Done
8 Set up e-mail notification hooks in mailing lists and in CIA Jpabloae 24/02/2009 Done
9 Announce migration to Mercurial Jaimetorre 25/02/2009 Done
10 Do internal training sessions Jpabloae 25/02/2009 Done
11 Set up server remote backups Jpabloae 25/02/2009 Done
12 Migrate all GPS repositories to Mercurial Jpabloae undefined Not started
Open issues
Terminology
References
Retrieved from "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/SCM_Migration_Process"
This page has been accessed 14,270 times. This page was last modified on 2 February 2010, at 08:03. Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Spain License.
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
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5302.0 - Balance of Payments
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
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• About this Release
ABOUT THIS RELEASE
Presents building activity statistics, for each state and territory, and for private and public sectors for Australia. Includes number of dwelling units commenced and completed and value of building work commenced, completed, done and yet to be done, all by state and territory. Information is provided for new residential buildings (houses and other residential), alterations and additions to residential buildings and non-residential buildings by type of building (e.g. offices, warehouses, accommodation, etc.). In addition, many series are shown in seasonally adjusted and trend terms, while the value of building work commenced and done is also shown in chain volume measures terms. It includes more comprehensive and updated information to that contained in cat. nos. 8755.0 and 8750.0.
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Effective Ways To Unlock Employee Creativity
Posted by wdoutjah under Self-Development
From http://www.herbertkikoy.info 179 days ago
Made Hot by: BrandMonster on November 24, 2012 6:23 pm
Creativity role is very important in our daily routines and lives especially nowadays when we are facing challenges and problems on a daily basis. The complexity of things has been increasing by the day as it is becoming problematic to resolve certain issues emerging out of unique problems. So, as it turns out, these unique problems must have super unique solutions for making the venture of profit making in businesses a roaring success
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< Previous
Next >
: A in EE103! A+ in CS152B! Whee!
I just got a nice letter from Bill Softky of Treedoc fame. In formulating a meaningful response I'm... able to get through to the server to review the project. There goes that complaint.
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You are here: Home / Data and maps / Maps and graphs / Greenhouse gas emissions in the EU‑27 by gas and sector, 2007
Greenhouse gas emissions in the EU‑27 by gas and sector, 2007
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Greenhouse gas emissions in the EU‑27 by gas and sector, 2007
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Emissions from international aviation and international maritime navigation, which are not covered by the Kyoto Protocol, are not included here. If included in the total, the share of CO2 and the share of transport would reach 84 % and 24 % respectively of total EU-27 GHG emissions in 2007.
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"url": "www.eea.europa.eu/subscription/eea_main_subscription/has-policy-improved-europe2019s-air-quality/mail_password_form",
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}
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"warc_url": "http://www.eoearth.org/articles/view/150969/United_Kingdom/"
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Cayman Islands
Cayman Islands
Grand cayman Island. Source: NASA
This article has been reviewed by the following Topic Editor: Peter Saundry
The Cayman Islands is a three-island group (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman) in Caribbean Sea, 240 km south of Cuba and 268 km northwest of Jamaica.
The Caymans Islands is a an overseas territory of the United Kingdom with about 52,000 people, most of whom live in the capitol, George Town on Grand Cayman (seen in the image above at the southwest end of the island.)
The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries and were administered by Jamaica after 1863.
In 1959, the islands became a territory within the Federation of the West Indies. When the Federation dissolved in 1962, the Cayman Islands chose to remain a British dependency.
The Cayman Islands are emergent limestone bluffs situated along a submarine ridge that runs westward from the Sierra Maestra range in southern Cuba.
Grand Cayman is the largest of the group at 35 kilometers (km) long and up to 14 km wide, however, there is a large lagoon in the northern section that gives the island an irregular shape, as if a giant bite has been taken out of the northwestern end. Grand Cayman's 7-mile beach is on the western side of the island. With exotic coral reefs off its shores, Grand Cayman is a mecca for divers.
Cayman Brac is the tallest island in the group, rising to a height of 43 meters (m) on the eastern end where sheer cliffs drop into the sea.
Little Cayman is the smallest of the three islands, at only 14 km long and a maximum height of merely 12 m above sea level.
The lesser islands are located about 130 km northwest of Grand Cayman, and lie 7 km apart.
All three islands were uplifted from the ocean floor approximately 10 million years ago and have apparently never been connected to adjacent land masses.
The Cayman Islands are susceptible to hurricanes (July to November).
With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center, but tourism accounts for about 70% of GDP. The Caymanians enjoy a standard of living roughly equal to that of Switzerland.
The human populations of the three islands differ considerably with fewer than 100 on Little Cayman and less than 2,000 on Cayman Brac. This is reflected in the varying degrees to which the islands' environments have been changed. Little Cayman is the least disturbed of the group, with almost all of the interior untouched as of 1980. In contrast, the rapid development of Grand Cayman has resulted in degradation and alteration of most of the natural habitats. Clearing of natural woodland and thicket for roads, housing, tourism and agriculture continue to be the most significant pressures on this ecoregion.
Geography
Location: Caribbean, three-island group (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman) in Caribbean Sea, 240 km south of Cuba and 268 km northwest of Jamaica
Little Cayman, as viewed from the air. Source: Wikimedia Commons.
Geographic Coordinates: 19 30 N, 80 30 W
Area: 264 sq km
Coastline: 160 km
Maritime Claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Natural Hazards: hurricanes (July to November)
Terrain: low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs. The highest point is The Bluff on Cayman Brac (43 m).
Climate: tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)
Ecology and Biodiversity
1. Bahamoan-Antillean mangroves
2. Cuban dry forests which have previously been classified at Cayman Islands dry forests and Cayman Islands xeric scrub
The Cayman Islands support two distinct types of vegetation: evergreen thicket and woodland, and seasonal swamp.
The endemic flora and fauna of this ecoregion are regionally important for biodiversity conservation. Notable are numerous orchids and cacti and animals such as the Cayman Brac Parrot and the Cayman islands dwarf boa. The status of the dry forests and degree of disturbance and alteration are directly related to human population size on each of the three islands. Clearing of natural woodland for roads, housing, tourism, and agriculture continue to be the most significant pressures on the dry forests of this ecoregion.
Evergreen thicket dominates the eastern sections of Grand Cayman, and is found on the northern slope of Little Cayman and on higher ground on Cayman Brac. The thicket has a discontinuous, two-storeyed canopy with occasional emergents.
The Critically Endangered Lesser Caymans iguana is native to two islands: Cayman Brac and Little Cayman. This captive specimen was photographed in Hope Gardens, Kingston, Jamaica. Source: Tim Ross/Wikimedia Commons. The National Trust, a statutory, non-governmental organization, overseas important natural areas such as the Salina Reserve and the Brac Parrot Reserve. The Trust owns more than 310 hectares of natural woodland and bluff habitat on Grand Cayman and has initiated a captive breeding program for the blue Grand Cayman iguana, which is listed as endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The Trust is also conducting research programs assessing the status of the threatened rock iguana and the native parrots. Despite these initiatives, there is a continued need for increased species management, predator control, and habitat preservation.
The eight Protected Areas in the Cayman Islands cover just over 8,000 hectares, equivalent to 31% of the islands’ land area. In 1989 the government gave 257 ha of land (Salina Reserve) to the National Trust. In December 1991 ownership of a 40 hectares woodland site on Cayman Brac, important as a nesting area for the Cayman Brac Parrot, was transferred to the National Trust by The Nature Conservancy (USA) and is now titled Brac Parrot Reserve. See: Protected areas of Cayman Islands
Grand Cayman. Source: TheBrac.com
See:
People and Society
Population: 52,560 (July 2012 est.)
Ethnic Groups: mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%
Age Structure:
0-14 years: 19% (male 4,924/female 4,858)
15-64 years: 71.1% (male 17,766/female 18,743)
65 years and over: 9.9% (male 2,401/female 2,692) (2011 est.)
Population Growth Rate: 2.239% (2012 est.)
Birthrate: 12.21 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
Death Rate: 5.19 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
Net Migration Rate: 15.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population. Note: The cayman Isalnds are a major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2012 est.)
Life Expectancy at Birth: 80.8 years
male: 78.12 years
female: 83.51 years (2012 est.)
Total Fertility Rate: 1.87 children born/woman (2012 est.)
Languages: English (official) 95%, Spanish 3.2%, other 1.8% (1999 census)
Literacy (age 15 and over can read and write)98% (1970 est.)
Urbanization: 100% of total population (2010)
History
The Cayman Islands remained largely uninhabited until the 17th century. A variety of people settled on the islands, including pirates, refugees from the Spanish Inquisition, shipwrecked sailors, deserters from Oliver Cromwell's army in Jamaica, and slaves. The majority of Caymanians are of African and British descent, with considerable interracial mixing.
Great Britain took formal control of the Cayman Islands, along with Jamaica, under the Treaty of Madrid in 1670. Following several unsuccessful attempts, permanent settlement of the islands began in the 1730s. The Cayman Islands historically have been popular as a tax-exempt destination. One legend has it that Caymanians in 1788 rescued the crews of a Jamaican merchant ship convoy which had struck a reef at Gun Bay and that the Caymanians were rewarded with King George III's promise to never again impose any tax.
The Cayman Islands, initially administered as a dependency of Jamaica, became an independent colony in 1959; they now are a largely self-governing British Overseas Territory.
Government
The Cayman Islands' physical isolation under early British colonial rule allowed the development of an indigenous set of administrative and legal traditions, which were codified into a Constitution in 1959. Although still a British Overseas Territory, the islands today are self-governed in nearly all respects. The Constitution, or the Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009, that governs the islands came into effect on November 6, 2009.
The Cayman Islands' political system is stable, bolstered by a tradition of restrained civil governance, sustained economic prosperity, and its relative isolation from foreign policy concerns. Public discussion revolves around public sector expenditure and social services, the pace of additional economic development, and the status of the large foreign national community on the islands.
Government Structure
The Cayman Islands form a British Overseas Territory with a large measure of self-government. Under the 2009 Constitution, the islands are administered by a government that is headed by a Governor, a Legislative Assembly, and a Cabinet. The Governor is recruited from the U.K. Government Service, serves as the British government administrator, and retains responsibility for the civil service, defense, external affairs, and internal security.
The Governor also chairs the Cabinet and appoints to the Cabinet the Chief Secretary, the Attorney General, and the Financial Secretary, while the Legislative Assembly elects the Cabinet's other five members. Unlike other Caribbean Overseas Territories there is no Chief Minister but a Premier (formerly called the Leader of Government Business). The Premier is an elected politician, while the Chief Secretary is the most senior civil servant. Currently, the Premier is also the Minister of Financial Services, Tourism, and Development.
Responsibility for defense and external affairs resides with the United Kingdom; however, the Chief Secretary has responsibility for the Portfolio of Internal and External affairs, and the Cayman Government may negotiate certain bilateral matters directly with foreign governments. The elected members of the Cabinet divide the remaining administrative portfolios.
The 18-seat unicameral Legislative Assembly is presided over by an independent speaker. Elections are held at the discretion of the Governor at least every 4 years. Members of the Assembly may introduce bills, which, if passed, are then approved, returned, or disallowed by the Governor. The U.K. Government also reserves the right to disallow bills approved by the Governor.
Dependency Status/Government Type: overseas territory of the UK/parliamentary democracy
Capital: George Town - 32,000 (2009)
Administrative divisions: 8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western
Legal System: The four-tiered judicial system is based on English common law and colonial and local statutes. The Cayman Islands Court of Appeal is the highest court on the islands, but Her Majesty's Privy Council sitting in London may hear a final appeal. Accepts compulsory International Court of Justice (ICJ) jurisdiction; and accepts International criminal court (ICCt) jurisdiction.
Resources
Natural Resources: fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism
Land Use:
arable land: 3.85%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 96.15% (2005)
Economy
International finance and tourism are considered the Cayman Islands' "twin pillars" of economic development. It is estimated that financial services represent 40% and tourism between 30%-40% of gross domestic product.
With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 93,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 2008, including almost 300 banks, 800 insurers, and 10,000 mutual funds. A stock exchange was opened in 1997.
Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 1.9 million in 2008, with about half from the US.
About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported.
The Caymanians enjoy a standard of living roughly equal to that of Switzerland.
The Cayman Islands economy suffered the effects of the 2009 global recession, which severely damaged the territory’s financial sector. The economy continues to recover, and in the first 9 months of 2011, real GDP grew at an estimated annualized rate of 1.2 percent, following sharp declines in 2009 and 2010. The government has also sought new ways of retaining international businesses and their employees; in February 2010, Premier McKeeva Bush announced that the government would offer foreigners the opportunity to purchase permanent residency in the Cayman Islands for $1 million. Tourism to the Cayman Islands also took a hit due to the global recession, falling in 2009. Tourism numbers increased in 2010, but they remained slightly below those of 2008. Although Caymanians enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world, about 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported.
From the earliest settlement of the Cayman Islands, economic activity was hindered by isolation and a limited natural resource base. The harvesting of sea turtles to resupply passing sailing ships was the first major economic activity on the islands, but local stocks were depleted by the 1790s. Agriculture, while sufficient to support the small early settler population, has always been limited by the scarcity of available land.
The advent of modern transportation and telecommunications in the 1950s led to the emergence of international finance and tourism in the Cayman Islands. As of December 2010, the banking sector had $1.73 trillion in assets. There were approximately 250 banks, 150 active trust licenses, 730 captive insurance companies, nine money service businesses, and more than 85,000 companies licensed or registered in the Cayman Islands. According to the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (CIMA), at the end of 2010 there were approximately 9,000 registered mutual funds, of which 435 were administered and 133 were licensed. Forty of the world's largest banks are present in the Cayman Islands. Unspoiled beaches, duty-free shopping, scuba diving, and deep-sea fishing draw almost a million visitors to the islands each year.
Education is compulsory to the age of 16 and is free to all Caymanian children. Schools follow the British educational system. The government operates 10 primary, one special education, and two high schools. In addition, there is a university and a law school.
GDP: (Purchasing Power Parity): $2.25 billion (2008 est.)
GDP: (Official Exchange Rate): $2.25 billion (2008 est.)
GDP- per capita (PPP): $43,800 (2004 est.)
GDP- composition by sector:
agriculture: 0.5%
industry: 50.4%
services: 49.1% (2011 est.)
Agricultural products: vegetables, fruit; livestock; turtle farming
Industries: tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture
Currency: Caymanian dollars (KYD)
Citation
Central Intelligence Agency, World Wildlife Fund, US State Department (Lead Author);CIA World Factbook (Content Source);Peter Saundry (Topic Editor) "Cayman Islands". In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Eds. Cutler J. Cleveland (Washington, D.C.: Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment). [First published in the Encyclopedia of Earth May 8, 2009; Last revised Date September 27, 2012; Retrieved May 18, 2013 <http://www.eoearth.org/articles/view/150969/United_Kingdom/>
The Authors
The Central Intelligence Agency was created in 1947 with the signing of the National Security Act by President Harry S. Truman. The act also created a Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) to serve as head of the United States intelligence community; act as the principal adviser to the President for intelligence matters related to the national security; and serve as head of the Central Intelligence Agency. The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 amended the National Securit ... (Full Bio)
Known worldwide by its panda logo, World Wildlife Fund (WWF) leads international efforts to protect endangered species and their habitats. Now in its fifth decade, WWF works in more than 100 countries around the globe to conserve the diversity of life on Earth. With nearly 1.2 million members in the U.S. and another 4 million worldwide, WWF is the world's largest privately financed conservation organization. WWF directs its conservation efforts toward three global goals: 1) saving endangered ... (Full Bio)
Department Mission Statement Shape and sustain a peaceful, prosperous, just, and democratic world and foster conditions for stability and progress for the benefit of the American people and people everywhere. --From the FY 2011 Agency Financial Report, released November 2011 Alphabetical List of Bureaus and Offices Links in the f ... (Full Bio)
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"warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/FamilySearch_Wiki:Technical_Meeting_Agenda_21_June_2011"
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FamilySearch Wiki:Technical Meeting Agenda 21 June 2011Edit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
http://meetingplace.ldschurch.org, ID is 7780
Purpose of the meeting
• To forge solutions with other community contributors.
• To discuss technical issues, workarounds, community, site design, and strategy.
Contents
Agenda
Recognition
Add your recognition items below
• Kudos go to ...
Announcements
News items can now be found on the Community News page in the Wiki.
• Questions?
• Comments?
Discussion Items
Technical Issues & Workarounds
• The Technical Meeting page has links that lead to nonfunctional places. Techinical Meeting links to listen to the recording that goes to abode which does not function and the Meeting Place for last week is empty.Sandralpond 14:45, 20 June 2011 (UTC)
The ongoing issue, transcriptions in PDF format and linked. Dsammy 18:18, 20 June 2011 (UTC)
• Pick and Choose Policy coverage needed Forum Dsammy 18:18, 20 June 2011 (UTC)
Good example WAS Carroll County, Illinois Census. Aside from this, it exposed a problem - longer urls for FamilySearch censuses, same IDs within longer urls. Is it possible to have census template to shorten the urls to make it easier to do global change whenever the databases are moved again. I believe Ancestry's unique database IDs will work in its favor for all their subjects for template, too Dsammy 18:49, 20 June 2011 (UTC)
Design
• Length of Infobox for USA's counties: Illinois posed a problem prompted me to make call to circuit court clerk's office in Illinois. Got interesting answers to my few questions. County Clerks don't do what we normally associate it with. County handle BMD, tax, voting registers while Circuit Court handle all probate records going back to earliest days in their counties. Thread in forum on proposed page layout. Dsammy 19:09, 21 June 2011 (UTC)
Strategy
Be bold! Post your agenda items!
Feel free to post on the agenda any items you wish to cover during the meeting. If your item requires details or feedback, post some details on the discussion page and link to the discussion from the agenda.
• This page was last modified on 10 March 2012, at 14:01.
• This page has been accessed 156 times.
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{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:53302",
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The Tibetan Plateau is an essential area to study the potential feedback effects of soils to climate change due to the rapid rise in its air temperature in the past several decades and the large amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, particularly in the permafrost. Yet it is one of the most under-investigated regions in soil respiration (Rs) studies. Here, Rs rates were measured at 42 sites in alpine grasslands (including alpine steppes and meadows) along a transect across the Tibetan Plateau during the peak growing season of 2006 and 2007 in order to test whether: (1) belowground biomass (BGB) is most closely related to spatial variation in Rs due to high root biomass density, and (2) soil temperature significantly influences spatial pattern of Rs owing to metabolic limitation from the low temperature in cold, high-altitude ecosystems.
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{
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"warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/diffselect.cgi?194479"
}
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Bibliography: Upcoming Events (Analog, March 2002)
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Title: Upcoming Events (Analog, March 2002)
Author: Anthony Lewis
Year: 2002
Type: ESSAY
Select 2 publications to diff:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
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Sensors 2008, 8(9), 6055-6076; doi:10.3390/s8096055
Article
An Evaluation of Radarsat-1 and ASTER Data for Mapping Veredas (Palm Swamps)
1 Departamento de Cartografia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil 2 Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 6 August 2008; in revised form: 10 September 2008 / Accepted: 22 September 2008 / Published: 26 September 2008
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR))
Download PDF Full-Text [913 KB, uploaded 1 October 2008 07:59 CEST]
Abstract: Veredas (palm swamps) are wetland complexes associated with the Brazilian savanna (cerrado) that often represent the only available source of water for the ecosystem during the dry months. Their extent and condition are mainly unknown and their cartography is an essential issue for their protection. This research article evaluates some of the fine resolution satellite data both in the radar (Radarsat-1) and optical domain (ASTER) for the delineation and characterization of veredas. Two separate approaches are evaluated. First, given the known potential of Radarsat-1 images for wetland inventories, the automatic delineation of veredas is tested using only Radarsat-1 data and a Markov random fields region-based segmentation. In this case, to increase performance, processing is limited to a buffer zone around the river network. Then, characterization of their type is attempted using traditional classification methods of ASTER optical data combined with Radarsat-1 data. The automatic classification of Radarsat data yielded results with an overall accuracy between 62 and 69%, that proved reliable enough for delineating wide and very humid veredas. Scenes from the wet season and with a smaller angle of incidence systematically yielded better results. For the classification of the main vegetation types, better results (overall success of 78.8%) were obtained by using only the visible and near infrared (VNIR) bands of the ASTER image. Radarsat data did not bring any improvement to these classification results. In fact, when using solely the Radarsat data from two different angle of incidence and two different dates, the classification results were low (50.8%) but remained powerful for delineating the permanently moist riparian forest portion of the veredas with an accuracy better than 75% in most cases. These results are considered good given the width of some types often less than 50 m wide compared with the resolution of the images (12.5 - 15 m). Comparing the classification results with the Radarsat-generated delineation allows an understanding of the relation between synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscattering and vegetation types of the veredas.
Keywords: Radarsat; Unsupervised Classification; Markov Random Fields; Wetlands; Palm swamps; ASTER; Supervised Classification; Vegetation types
Article Statistics
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Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Maillard, P.; Alencar-Silva, T.; Clausi, D.A. An Evaluation of Radarsat-1 and ASTER Data for Mapping Veredas (Palm Swamps). Sensors 2008, 8, 6055-6076.
AMA Style
Maillard P, Alencar-Silva T, Clausi DA. An Evaluation of Radarsat-1 and ASTER Data for Mapping Veredas (Palm Swamps). Sensors. 2008; 8(9):6055-6076.
Chicago/Turabian Style
Maillard, Philippe; Alencar-Silva, Thiago; Clausi, David A. 2008. "An Evaluation of Radarsat-1 and ASTER Data for Mapping Veredas (Palm Swamps)." Sensors 8, no. 9: 6055-6076.
Sensors EISSN 1424-8220 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
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20.309:Presentations
From OpenWetWare
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20.309: Biological Instrumentation and Measurement
Home Course Information Schedule People Student Presentations LAB SIGNUP
Contents
How to upload your file
1. Go to:http://openwetware.org/wiki/Special:Upload
2. In edit mode, add this double bracket phrase after your name in the Schedule section: [download] where filename.pptx is the full name of your presentation file
3. Click on download to make sure it works!
Schedule
(please do not make edits to this page except to link your presentation)
Thursday, December 8
Session A with Steve Wasserman in 16-336
Alicia and Zeina: " The Frequency Dependence of Osmo-Adaptation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae "
Raven and Omar: "A microengraving method for rapid selection of single cells producing antigen-specific antibodies"
Megan and Xinqi: “Tumor cells caught in the act of invading: their strategy for enhanced cell motility"
Nick and Colin: “Detection of Mutations in EGFR in Circulating Lung-Cancer Cells"
Session B with Peter So in 4-237
Max and Jonathan: " Single-cell NF-kappaB dynamics reveal digital activation and analogue information processing "
Arvind: " The effects of molecular noise and size control on variability in the budding yeast cell cycle"
Leanna: “Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology”
Friday, December 9
Session A with Peter So in 16-336
Brigitte: “De novo identification and biophysical characterization of transcription-factor binding sites with microfluidic affinity analysis"
Jenny and Anne: “Integrated barcode chips for rapid, multiplexed analysis of proteins in microliter quantities of blood"
Sachin and Yuan: “DNA nanomechanics allows direct digital detection of complementary DNA and microRNA targets”
Nigel and Vivian: “Towards single-molecule nanomechanical mass spectrometry”
Session B with Steven Nagle in 4-231
Shikha and William: “Electrical Spiking in Escherichia coli Probed with a Fluorescent Voltage-Indicating Protein”
Samuel: “Cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular activation during deformation of neutrophils into narrow channels"
Brian and Michael: "Geometric control of cell life and death"
Tuesday, December 13
Session A with Scott Manalis in 16-336
Ginger and Joseph: “Multidimensional Drug Profiling by Automated Microscopy"
Tina: “Visualizing the mechanical activation of Src"
Jacqueline and Manuel: “NETRA: Interactive Display for Estimating Refractive Errors and Focal Range"
Student 1 and Student 2: TBA
Session B with Steve Wasserman in 4-237
Sahar and Pablo: “Probing the kinesin reaction cycle with a 2D optical force clamp"
PJ Velez and Pei-Ann: “Diffusion tensor spectroscopy and imaging”
Lisa and Dana: “Field focusing nuclear magnetic resonance (FONAR): visualization of a tumor in a live animal”
Single cell analysis
1. Mettetal et al., "The Frequency Dependence of Osmo-Adaptation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae" Science 2008. supp info Alicia Kaestli and Zeina Ali Siam
2. Tay S, Hughey JJ, Lee TK, Lipniacki T, Quake SR, Covert MW. "Single-cell NF-kappaB dynamics reveal digital activation and analogue information processing."Nature. 2010 Max Wu and Jonathan Gootenberg
3. Love, et al., "A microengraving method for rapid selection of single cells producing antigen-specific antibodies" Nature Biotechnology 2006. Raven Reddy and Omar Abudayyeh. Can't do Dec 6
4. J. Kralj, D. R. Hochbaum, A. D. Douglass, A. E. Cohen, Electrical Spiking in Escherichia coli Probed with a Fluorescent Voltage-Indicating Protein, Science, 333, 345-348, 2011. Shikha Kaji and William Morejon
5. Di Talia, et al., "The effects of molecular noise and size control on variability in the budding yeast cell cycle" Nature 2007. Arvind Thiagarajan
6. Spencer, et al., "Non-genetic origins of cell-to-cell variability in TRAIL-induced apoptosis" Nature 2009.
Metastasis and Circulating Tumor Cells
1. Gupta and Massagué. "Cancer Metastasis: Building a Framework" Cell 2006
2. Nagrath, et al., "Tumor cells caught in the act of invading: their strategy for enhanced cell motility" TRENDS in Cell Biology 2005. Megan Roytman and Xinqi Li
3. Nagrath, et al., "Isolation of rare circulating tumour cells in cancer patients by microchip technology" Nature 2007. -Leanna
4. Maheswaran, et al., "Detection of Mutations in EGFR in Circulating Lung-Cancer Cells" NEJM 2008. Nick Swenson and Colin "Forizzle" Reisterer
Biomolecular detection
1. Fan HC, Wang J, Potanina A, Quake SR. "Whole Genome Molecular Haplotyping of Single Cells" Nature Biotechnology. 2010
2. Fordyce PM, Gerber D, Tran D, Zheng J, Li H5, DeRisi JL, Quake SR. "De novo identification and biophysical characterization of transcription-factor binding sites with microfluidic affinity analysis"Nature Biotechnology. 2010 -Brigitte
3. Dong and Sahin, "A nanomechanical interface to rapid single-molecule interactions" Nature Communications 2011.
4. A. P. Fields, A. E. Cohen, Electrokinetic trapping at the one nanometer limit, PNAS 2011.
5. E. Winfree, et al. "Design and self-assembly of two-dimensional DNA crystals," Nature 394(6693): pp. 539-544 (1998). OR P. W. K. Rothemund "Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns," Nature 440(7082): pp. 297-302(2006).
6. Fan et al. "Integrated barcode chips for rapid, multiplexed analysis of proteins in microliter quantities of blood," Nature Biotechnology 2008. Jenny Zhou and Anne Ye (Date preference: December 6, 9, 8)
7. S. Husale, H. HJ. Persson, and O. Sahin, “DNA nanomechanics allows direct digital detection of complementary DNA and microRNA targets” Nature 2009.Sachin Shinde and Yuan Zhao
8. Appleyard et al. "Multiplexed Protein Quantification with Barcoded Hydrogel Microparticles" Analytical Chemistry 2011.
9. Naik et al. "Towards single-molecule nanomechanical mass spectrometry," Nature Nanotechnology 2009.Nigel Chou and Vivian Hecht
Optical Microscopy: Imaging
1. AR. Lowe, JJ. Siegel, P. Kalab, M. Sui, K. Weis and J. Liphardt, "Selectivity Mechanism of the Nuclear Pore Complex Characterized by Single Cargo Tracking" Nature 2010
2. Z. E. Perlman et al., "Multidimensional Drug Profiling by Automated Microscopy," Science 306 pp. 1194-98 (2004). Joseph Martinez and Jingkun (Ginger) Yang (Can't do 12/6)
3. E. Chung, D. Kim, and P. T. C. So, "Extended resolution wide-field optical imaging: objective-launched standing-wave total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy," Opt. Lett. 31(7) pp. 945-7 (2006).
4. T. Ichimura et al., "Application of tip-enhanced microscopy for nonlinear Raman spectroscopy," Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(10), pp. 1768-70 (2004).
5. T-W. Koo, S. Chan, and A. A. Berlin, "Single-molecule detection of biomolecules by surface-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering," Opt. Lett. 30(9), pp. 1024-6 (2005).
6. M. J. Rust, M. Bates, X. Zhuang, "Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic reconstruction optical microscopy (STORM)," Nature Methods 3:793-795 (2006).
7. Design of Fluorescence Wide Field Microscopy
8. VF Pamplona, A Mohan, MM Oliveira, R Raskar "NETRA: Interactive Display for Estimating Refractive Errors and Focal Range," Proc. of SIGGRAPH 2010 (ACM Transactions on Graphics 29, 4), 2010. Jacqueline Söegaard and Manuel Legrand
Optical Microscopy: Biomechanics
1. S. M. Block et al., "Probing the kinesin reaction cycle with a 2D optical force clamp," PNAS 100(5), pp. 2351-56 (2003).Sahar Alkhairy, Pablo
1. P. J. Verveer et al., "Quantitative Imaging of Lateral ErbB1 Receptor Signal Propagation in the Plasma Membrane," Science 290 pp. 1567-70 (2000).
2. S. Yamada, D. Wirtz, and S. C. Kuo, "Mechanics of Living Cells Measured by Laser Tracking Microrheology," Biophys. J 78(4), pp. 1736-47 (2000).
3. B. Yap and R. D. Kamm, "Cytoskeletal remodeling and cellular activation during deformation of neutrophils into narrow channels," J Appl. Physiol. 99, pp. 2323-30 (2005). Samuel Acquah
4. J. C. Crocker et al., "Two-Point Microrheology of Inhomogeneous Soft Materials," Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(4), pp. 888-91 (2000).
5. C. S. Chen et al., "Geometric control of cell life and death," Science 276 pp. 1425-28 (1997). Brian Carvalho + Michael Batista
6. Y. Wang et al., "Visualizing the mechanical activation of Src," Nature 434, pp. 1040-45 (2005). Tina Stutzman, Can't do Dec. 8th
Optical Trapping and 3D Imaging
1. Khalil, A.S., et al., "Single M13 bacteriophage tethering and stretching." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, pp. 4892-4897 (2007). - Pablo
2. D. Axelrod, "Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy in Cell Biology," Traffic 2 pp. 764-774 (2001).
3. Brau, R.R., et al., "Passive and active microrheology with optical tweezers." Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics 9, pp. S103-S112 (2007).
4. Y. Nakayama, et al., "Tunable nanowire nonlinear optical probe." Nature 447, pp. 1098-1101 (2007).
5. JM. Walter, et al., "Light-powering Escherichia coli with proteorhodopsin" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, pp. 2408–2412 (2007).
6. M. J. Miller et al., "Two-Photon Imaging of Lymphocyte Motility and Antigen Response in Intact Lymph Node," Science 296 pp. 1869-73 (2002).
7. H. Wang et al., "Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Imaging of Axonal Myelin in Live Spinal Tissues," Biophys. J 89(1), pp. 581-91 (2005).
8. K. M. Hanson et al., "Two-Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of the Skin Stratum Corneum pH Gradient" Biophys. J 83(3) pp. 1682-90 (2002).
9. P. J. Campagnola et al., "Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Second-Harmonic Generation Imaging of Endogenous Structural Proteins in Biological Tissues," Biophys. J 81(1) pp. 493-508 (2002).
10. Muller cells are living optical fibers in the vertebrate retina, Franze, et. al
11. The Optical Stretcher: A Novel Laser Tool to Micromanipulate Cells, Guck, et. al
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Contrast
1. Basser PJ, Mattiello J, LeBihan D, “Diffusion tensor spectroscopy and imaging,” Biophys J 1994.
2. Brunner et al, “Travelling-wave nuclear magnetic resonance,” Nature 2009. PJ Velez and Pei-Ann Lin
3. Damadian R et al, “Field focusing nuclear magnetic resonance (FONAR): visualization of a tumor in a live animal,” Science 1976. Lisa Foo and Dana Braff
4. Gleich B & Weizenecker J, “Tomographic imaging using the nonlinear response of magnetic particles,” Nature 2005.
5. Ogawa S et al, “Brain magnetic resonance imaging with contrast dependent on blood oxygenation,” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990.
6. Rugar D et al, “Single spin detection by magnetic resonance force microscopy,” Nature 2004.
7. Zhou J et al, “Using the amide proton signals of intracellular proteins and peptides to detect pH effects in MRI,” Nat Med.
Molecular Imaging with MRI
1. Ahrens ET et al, “In vivo imaging platform for tracking immunotherapeutic cells,” Nat Biotechnol 2005.
2. Ardenkjaer-Larsen JH et al, “Increase in signal-to-noise ratio of > 10,000 times in liquid-state NMR,” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003.
3. Cohen B et al, “MRI detection of transcriptional regulation of gene expression in transgenic mice,” Nat Med 2007. Derek Ju and John Kucharczyk
4. Lin YJ & Koretsky AP, “Manganese ion enhances T1-weighted MRI during brain activation: an approach to direct imaging of brain function,” Magn Reson Med 1997.
5. Louie AY et al, “In vivo visualization of gene expression using magnetic resonance imaging,” Nat Biotechnol 2000.
6. Higuchi M et al, “19F and 1H MRI detection of amyloid beta plaques in vivo,” Nat Neurosci 2005.
PRESENTATION GUIDELINES
Presentation time should be 10 minutes (it's very important that you do not go over this time). We will have 2-3 minutes for questions and discussion. It's also important that all non-presenters read the papers carefully before the session as this will make the discussion much more interesting.
Your presentation should provide background to motivate why the research was conducted, describe the key results of the paper (not necessarily all of the results) and the essence of the measurement method, and explain the significance of the results to the general field. Remember that 10 minutes will not be nearly enough time to discuss every aspect of the paper so you will need to identify the most important aspects to include in your presentation.
Make sure to upload a Powerpoint or PDF file of your presentation the day before the meeting so that we can use only one computer to avoid connection problems.
Feel free to see 20.309 staff outside of class to discuss any questions or ideas that you might have about the paper.
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Paper: ANC to nominate Stepan Demirchyan for president?
PanARMENIAN.Net - According to Hraparak daily, Armenian National Congress (ANC) opposition bloc may nominate chairman of People's Party of Armenia Stepan Demirchyan for 2013 presidential elections. Though large number of ANC supporters want the bloc’s leader Levon Ter-Petrossian to run for the race, the latter seems skeptical over 2013 polling results to differ from those of 2008.
Demirchyan, who recently departed for Moscow, has pursued quite active policy recently, the paper claims.
His supporters in Moscow pledged to extend both financial and political assistance to him, considering him ANC’s only candidate.
Partner news
Top stories
Earlier, ArmRosgasprom CJSC addressed Armenia’s Public Services Regulatory Commission with an offer to reconsider natural gas price.
Armenian defense ministry’s spokesman described the maneuvers as ordinary exercises conducted several times a year.
Participants will learn basic skills in protecting IT systems and data as well as how to investigate computer-facilitated crimes.
“I wish to further promote the beauty of Armenian art and its principles of tolerance and respect to diversity,” Mnatsakanyan said.
Partner news
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License.
An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system.
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Are You a Google (GOOG) Shareholder?
Oct 19, 2006 • 7:56 am | (0) by | Filed Under Other Google Topics
A DigitalPoint Forums thread has a poll asking members to inform us if they are Google (GOOG) shareholders.
Currently the poll has 23 responses with the following break down:
• Not Shareholders: 14 (60.87%)
• Yes Shareholders: 6 (26.09%)
• May Become Shareholders: 3 (13.04%)
I would love to see greater participation in this thread amongst the search forum community.
So go to the DigitalPoint Forums thread and vote please.
Previous story: Program Your TiVo with Yahoo! TV
blog comments powered by Disqus
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Daily Search Forum Recap: April 24, 2012
Apr 24, 2012 • 4:00 pm | (0) by | Filed Under Search Forum Recap
Here is a recap of what happened in the search forums today, through the eyes of the Search Engine Roundtable and other search forums on the web.
Search Engine Roundtable Stories:
• Significant Google Changes: Is It The Over Optimization Filter?
I am seeing a significant uptick in complaints in the forums about downgrades and delistings of rankings in the past 12 hours or so. Most of them coming early this morning in the past hour or so and more and more reports coming in via the Google Webmaster Help forums...
• Getting Rid Of Those Silly Links
A WebmasterWorld thread has an SEO asking how do other SEOs go about removing links. The SEO said, "deleting articles or removing links can be very time consuming," and what process do you use to identify and remove those links?
• Video: How Google Search Works By Matt Cutts
Google's Matt Cutts, the man responsible for helping bring search engine communication with webmasters, amongst other things, produced an 8 minute video on how Google search works. He briefly goes through how Google worked in the past and works now, when it comes to crawling...
• The Google Zipper Home Page
I bet the Google home page made you go, "what the heck!" There is a huge zipper running down the middle of the Google home page. When you click on the logo or pull down the zipper part of the logo, it splits open...
• Pic: Google AdWords With Trusted Stores Badge
Pamela Parker captured screen shots of Trusted Store Badges on Google AdWords ads...
• Pinterest License Plate
I spotted this license plate photo on, um - guess, Pinterest. This license plate is for a loyal Pinterest fan. But if you were in NY, you can this one.
Other Great Search Forum Threads:
Previous story: Significant Google Changes: Is It The Over Optimization Filter?
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Traffic news and updates for the A66M
Avoid the traffic jams on your route - enter your origin and destination and we'll calculate the best route.
ORIGIN
DESTINATION
A66M Traffic News
Advertise here
Advertise here and get highly targeted traffic. Just £10 per month.
Accident not your fault?
Replacement car, repairs and injury compensation. No cost to you. Call now.
Renting a car?
Compare car hire quotes with carrentals.co.uk, the comparison engine.
TODAY56°F
Sun56°F
Mon56°F
Tue52°F
INCIDENTS
1
ROADWORKS
0
The following traffic incidents, roadworks and road closures are reported within 25 miles of the A66M:
HIDE ROADWORKS
SHOW ROADWORKS
A66M INFORMATION
Motorway Information
Motorway
Description
Counties
Length
Existed Since
Completed
Nearby Roads
Text TRAFFIC A66M to 68899 for live A66M traffic news
Please wait... traffic map loading
Traffic A19 North
Broken Down Vehicle
On the A19 northbound entry slip from the A66 West , minor traffic delays are possible due to a broken down vehicle . Normal traffic conditions expected from 10:30 am.
Reported: 18/05/2013 09:30:03
Traffic A19
Traffic Conditions by SMS
Get the latest traffic A66M news and travel information and conditions by mobile phone to ensure you're one step ahead of the traffic jams. It's quick and easy.
Simply text TRAFFIC plus the postcode, city or road/motorway to 68899.
EXAMPLE:
TO:
TRAFFIC M25
TRAFFIC BIRMINGHAM
TRAFFIC BS11AA
68899
Texts cost £1 plus your standard network SMS charge.
More Information
Report a traffic jam
Comments refresh every minute
A66M Traffic Tweets
Local Petrol Stations
The above petrol and fuel prices can be found at petrol stations in the Darlington area, and include unleaded, diesel, super and LPG fuel prices.
Regional Weather Forecast
Tomorrow's weather (Sunday) in Darlington will be cloudy with light rain with a maximum daytime temperature of 56°f and a nighttime temperature of 40°f (13°c/4°c). Wind will be coming in from the NW, reaching 9mph. On Monday it'll be sunny , with 8 miles per hour wind from the ENE. Daytime temperatures will reach 56°f, and during the night the temperature will drop to around 43°f (14°c/6°c).
Wind from the N will reach mph in Darlington on Tuesday), with cloudy with light rain in the area. The temperature during the day will reach 56°f, and 47°f overnight (14°c/9°c). Wednesday's weather will be light rain showers in Darlington, with daytime temperatures reaching a maximum of 52°f, and night-time temperatures reaching a low of 38°f (11°c/3°c).
Darlington
19 MAY
MAX 56° (13°c)
MIN 40° (4°c)
WIND 9mph (NW)
20 MAY
MAX 56° (14°c)
MIN 43° (6°c)
WIND 8mph (ENE)
21 MAY
MAX 56° (14°c)
MIN 47° (9°c)
WIND 15mph (N)
22 MAY
MAX 52° (11°c)
MIN 38° (3°c)
WIND 15mph (N)
Local Radio Stations
The following radio stations may broadcast traffic and travel news & bulletins for the local area. Use the 'Traffic' function on your RDS radio (marked TA, TP, TI or Traffic) and you will be automatically switched to travel and traffic conditions.
102.8 FMDurham FM (Durham)
www.durhamfm.net/
103.4 FMSun FM (Sunderland)
www.sun-fm.com/
103.5 FMMinster Northallerton (Northallerton)
105.9 FMBishop FM (Bishop Auckland)
www.bishopfm.com/
106.8 FMDurham FM (Durham)
www.durhamfm.net/
107.0 FMSpark FM (Sunderland)
www.sparksunderland.com/
Local Police
Breakdown Recovery
Garages & MOT Testing Stations
Helpful Products
Breakdown Recovery
If you've broken down or had an accident on the A66M then you may need to call out a breakdown recovery service for roadside assistance. Use our service to help find the best deals from the top providers, including The AA, The RAC and Green Flag and others.
Breakdown Recovery
Road Maps
Comprehensive Ordnance Survey road and motorway maps that cover every part of England, Scotland and Wales, including picnic areas, viewpoints and places of interest for motorists. Keep one in your car when travelling - you never know when you'll need it.
Buy Road Maps
Accident Management
Involved in a road or motorway traffic accident on the A66M? It's a stressful experience, but with help and advice from a friendly legal team of experts, you can get a replacement car immediately, make an injury and compensation claim and more at no cost to you.
Help me now
Best Selling SatNavs
Coming soon...
Other Products
Like us on Facebook
Please click 'Like' To continue keeping abreast of the Great British traffic (and a little bit of fun too!).
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Person:Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma (1)
Watchers
Browse
Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
b.27 Aug 1545
d.3 Dec 1592
1. Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma1545 - 1592
m. 11 Nov 1565
1. Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma1569 - 1622
Facts and Events
Name Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
Gender Male
Birth[1] 27 Aug 1545
Marriage 11 Nov 1565 to Infanta Maria of Guimarães
Death[1] 3 Dec 1592
the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Alexander Farnese (27 August 1545 – 3 December 1592) was Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1586 to 1592, and Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578 to 1592. He is best known for his successful campaign 1578-1592 against the Dutch Revolt, in which he captured the main cities in the south (now Belgium) and returned them to the control of Catholic Spain.
This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
References
1. 1.0 1.1 Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, in Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. (Online: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.).
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Person:Joshua Cope (2)
Watchers
Browse
Joshua Cope
b.ABT 1845
Facts and Events
Name Joshua Cope
Gender Male
Birth[1] ABT 1845
Civil War Service
Source: S1
References
1. Foraker, J.B; H.A. Axline; and J.S. Robinson. Official roster of the soldiers of the state of Ohio in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1866. (Akron [Ohio]: Werner Co., 1886-1895).
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > News & Media > Media Releases by Topic > Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples
Media Releases by Topic
Indigenous Culture
Australian Social Trends to present a smorgasbord of stories - for release next Tuesday (Media Release), 2004 (cat no. 4102.0)
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
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133 reputation
3
bio website
location San Jose, Costa Rica
age 29
visits member for 1 year, 3 months
seen Apr 2 at 23:09
stats profile views 3
Costarican, .Net developer, geek, love reading and drinking beer. Founder of moodbond.com and funwhisper.com
0 Answers
This user has not answered any questions
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Connexions
Sections
You are here: Home » Content » Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
About: Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Module by: OpenStax College. E-mail the author
View the content: Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
Metadata
Name: Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
ID: m42563
Language: English (en)
Summary:
• Explain the relationship between the energy of a photon in joules or electron volts and its wavelength or frequency.
• Calculate the number of photons per second emitted by a monochromatic source of specific wavelength and power.
Subject: Science and Technology
Keywords: bremsstrahlung, characteristic x rays, electromagnetic radiation, EM, gamma ray, infrared, IR, light, microwave, photon, ultraviolet, UV, x ray
License: Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 3.0
Authors: OpenStax College (info@openstaxcollege.org)
Copyright Holders: Rice University (daniel@openstaxcollege.org)
Maintainers: OpenStax College (info@openstaxcollege.org), OSC Physics Maintainer (info@openstaxcollege.org)
Latest version: 1.5 (history)
First publication date: Jan 18, 2012 9:22 am -0600
Last revision to module: Jul 5, 2012 9:40 pm -0500
Downloads
PDF: m42563_1.5.pdf PDF file, for viewing content offline and printing. Learn more.
XML: m42563_1.5.cnxml XML that defines the structure and contents of the module, minus any included media files. Can be reimported in the editing interface. Learn more.
Version History
Version: 1.5 Jul 5, 2012 9:40 pm -0500 by OSC Physics Maintainer
Changes:
image updates and LO modification
Version: 1.4 Jun 20, 2012 10:15 am -0500 by OSC Physics Maintainer
Changes:
Post Words and numbers QA
Version: 1.3 Jun 13, 2012 3:48 pm -0500 by OSC Physics Maintainer
Changes:
Review changes
Version: 1.2 May 29, 2012 4:33 pm -0500 by OSC Physics Maintainer
Changes:
initial content publication
Version: 1.1 Jan 20, 2012 8:01 pm -0600 by OSC Physics Maintainer
Changes:
Created module
How to Reuse and Attribute This Content
If you derive a copy of this content using a Connexions account and publish your version, proper attribution of the original work will be automatically done for you.
If you reuse this work elsewhere, in order to comply with the attribution requirements of the license (CC-BY 3.0), you must include
• the authors' names: OpenStax College
• the title of the work: Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum
• the Connexions URL where the work can be found: http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/
See the citation section below for examples you can copy.
How to Cite and Attribute This Content
The following citation styles comply with the attribution requirements for the license (CC-BY 3.0) of this work:
American Chemical Society (ACS) Style Guide:
OpenStax College. Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/, Jul 5, 2012.
American Medical Assocation (AMA) Manual of Style:
OpenStax College. Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum [Connexions Web site]. July 5, 2012. Available at: http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/.
American Psychological Assocation (APA) Publication Manual:
OpenStax College. (2012, July 5). Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/
Chicago Manual of Style (Bibliography):
OpenStax College. "Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum." Connexions. July 5, 2012. http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/.
Chicago Manual of Style (Note):
OpenStax College, "Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum," Connexions, July 5, 2012, http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/.
Chicago Manual of Style (Reference, in Author-Date style):
OpenStax College. 2012. Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Connexions, July 5, 2012. http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/.
Modern Languages Association (MLA) Style Manual:
OpenStax College. Photon Energies and the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Connexions. 5 July 2012 <http://cnx.org/content/m42563/1.5/>.
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Thursday, July 06, 2006
I and the Bird #27
This week is the first anniversary of I and the Bird. To celebrate the occasion, Mike of 10,000 Birds has prepared a special edition on the theme of why we bird, why we blog, and why we blog about birds. Thirty people responded, and the results are in. Go visit I and the Bird #27 to read everyone's answers. (My answer is here.)
I and the Bird is a blog carnival devoted to online writing about birds and birdwatching. Since the carnival was founded, over 150 people have participated, by writing and submitting posts, or by hosting. When I began this blog a little more than a year ago, I had no idea the community was so large. This carnival has done much to introduce bloggers with similar interests.
If you have a blog (or are starting one) and write about birds, consider contributing one of your better posts to a future carnival. The next edition is at Bogbumper on July 20. If you have already submitted at least once, consider hosting. To read more about the rules for each, see here.
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Difference between revisions of "R-Pi Troubleshooting"
From eLinux.org
Jump to: navigation, search
m (Typo correction)
m (Ethernet connects at 10M instead of 100M)
Line 168: Line 168:
===Ethernet connects at 10M instead of 100M===
===Ethernet connects at 10M instead of 100M===
The LED in the corner of the board labelled "10M" is mislabeled. When that LED is on, the R-Pi is actually connected at 100 Mbps. You can confirm the true transfer rate using a network benchmark such as iperf. You can also read the current network speed with
+
The LED in the corner of the board labelled "10M" is mislabeled on the rev 1.0 PC board. It is correctly labeled "100" on the rev 2.0 PC board. When that LED is on, RasPi is connected at 100 Mbps. You can confirm the true transfer rate using a network benchmark such as iperf. You can also read the current network speed with:
cat /sys/class/net/eth0/speed
cat /sys/class/net/eth0/speed
Revision as of 19:34, 6 December 2012
Back to the Hub.
This page lists the most common problems and suggests some solutions.
See RPi_Bugs for problems that are bugs.
Contents
Power / Start-up
A good power supply that will supply 5V is vital. There is more information about See #Troubleshooting_power_problems.
Note that the PI has no BIOS, so nothing will be displayed on screen unless the PI successfully boots!
Red power LED does not light, nothing on display
The power is not properly connected.
Red power LED is blinking
The red power LED should never blink, because it is hard-wired to the 3.3V power supply rail. If it is blinking, as one user has reported[1] it means the 5V power supply is dropping out. Use a different power supply.
Red power LED is on, green LED does not flash, nothing on display
note; For technical reasons the green LED might light up very faintly, this is normal, but it doesn't mean it "burns". When flashing/blinking the green LED should light up as bright as the power LED.
• The Raspberry Pi cannot find a valid image on the SD card. Check card is inserted correctly. Check that you have correctly written a Raspberry Pi image to the card. Did you have admin rights when you used the SD-card writer software? Without it the software might go through the motions without actually doing anything! To check if the writing process did actually happen Insert the SD card into a Windows machine and you should see bootcode.bin, fixup.dat and start.elf amongst others. See also, Known SD Cards. It is also possible that the image you are writing to the card is corrupt, as downloads do occasionally end up corrupted or truncated. You can check with the checksum utility if your download is correct.
• Try with no cables connected except the USB power lead, and SD card inserted. You should see flashing of the OK light for ~20 seconds. If that helps, plug in cables one at a time to identify which is interfering with boot.
• Confirm the USB cable is properly seated in the power slot. The red power LED does not necessarily mean it is fully connected.
• The voltage is too low (below 5 V), try a different power supply and/or cable. The R-Pi needs a supply rated for 700 mA or more. Some supplies labeled as such cannot actually provide their rated current while maintaining 5V. See also, #Troubleshooting_power_problems.
• (unlikely) hardware abuse, for example by connecting a 7 V supply to a 3v3 GPIO output pin[2] or powering up the board after a solder splash shorts some traces[3].
• Look at the SD card holder on the Raspberry Pi carefully. At first glance it may look fine but the contacts must be springy and they must protrude at least 2mm as measured from the lower edge of the holder to the top of the contact bulge. This happens due to the solder process and the type of holder used. Some of the solder residue falls into the contact cavity restricting the springiness and the height that the contact protrudes. You can fix this yourself but remember you can void your warranty. The contacts are delicate so be carefull. Insert a needle pin under the contact bulge and pull lightly up until the one end of the contact unclips. Clean the cavity where the contact unclipped from of any solder or other residue by blowing into the cavity. Clip the contact back into the cavity by lightly pushing it into the cavity. Do this for all the contacts. Look at these photos. Media:SDcardHolder.JPG, Media:UnclipContact.JPG, Media:UnclippedContact.JPG
• If for whatever reason the main polyfuse F3 has been overheated previously it may happen that it hasn't completely recovered, in which case, if you turn the PI on, a considerable amount of energy from the power supply is lost in the fuse and doesn't reach the PI. Try if the polyfuse seems hot. For this problem too read #Troubleshooting_power_problems.
Green LED blinks in a specific pattern
With recent firmware, according to this forum post the green light will blink in a specific pattern to indicate some types of errors:
• 3 flashes: loader.bin not found
• 4 flashes: loader.bin not launched
• 5 flashes: start.elf not found
• 6 flashes: start.elf not launched
• 7 flashes: kernel.img not found
Firmware since 20th October 2012 no longer requires loader.bin, and the flashes mean:
• 3 flashes: start.elf not found
• 4 flashes: start.elf not launched
• 7 flashes: kernel.img not found
If start.elf won't launch it may be corrupt.
Coloured splash screen
With recent firmware, a coloured splash screen is displayed after firmware (start.elf) is loaded. This should be replaced by linux console a second later. However if the coloured screen remains, it suggests the kernel.img file is failing to boot. Try replacing it with a known good one.
Immediately after displaying the splash screen, the PI starts consuming a little more current, if the PI resets at that moment its an indication that your PSU isn't able to deliver the full current your PI requires, but dips its output voltage below a minimum when loaded with the full current the PI needs.
Kernel Panic on boot
Text appears on screen, but then hangs with debug messages. This can be caused by USB devices such as keyboards. Try again with nothing in the USB.
Raspberry Pi shuts down (or restarts) soon after booting up
This is caused by a power supply producing too low a voltage. See #Troubleshooting_power_problems.
Pi boots sometimes but not always
With a known good power supply and known good SD card, the R-Pi boots occasionally, but other times shows only a tiny green flicker from the "OK" LED and it fails to start, even with no USB devices and no Ethernet. This has been reported several times[4] [5] [6] and remains an open issue. Low voltage or an improper SD card can cause it. Some SD cards will work until they warm up slightly, and then fail[7]. When exposed to 21 C room temperature the warmest part of an uncased working R-Pi should be 41 C[8]. The wiki has a list of working SD cards. Buy from a reliable vendor as it has been claimed that 1/3 of all "Sandisk" labelled memory cards are counterfeit.
• It could be that the SD memory card is not making proper contact with the Raspberry Pi. Look at the SD card holder on the Raspberry Pi carefully. At first glance it may look fine but the contacts must be springy and they must protrude at least 2mm as measured fron the lower edge of the holder to the top of the contact bulge. This happens due to the solder process and the type of holder used. Some of the solder residue falls into the contact cavity restricting the springiness and the height that the contact protrudes. You can fix this yourself but remember you can void your warranty. The contacts are delicate so be carefull. Insert a needle pin under the contact bulge and pull lightly up until the one end of the contact unclips. Clean the cavity where the contact unclipped from of any solder or other residue by blowing into the cavity. Clip the contact back into the cavity by lightly pushing it into the cavity. Do this for all the contacts. Look at these photos. Media:SDcardHolder.JPG, Media:UnclipContact.JPG, Media:UnclippedContact.JPG
Keyboard / Mouse / Input Devices
R-Pi does not respond to key presses / Keyboard randomly repeats key presses
note:during entering the password most linux distro's wont show that you typed in anything (not even "*" characters) this is normal behaviour, try the keyboard while entering the user name!
This is most often caused by inadequate power. Use a good power supply and a good power cable. Some cheap cables that work with a cell phone, cannot fully power the R-Pi. Some USB devices require a lot of power: most will have a label showing the voltage and mA requirements. They should be 5v 100mA each max, any more than this they must be used with a powered USB hub. Try unplugging every USB device except the keyboard (you should also note that some keyboards have built in hubs and can try to draw 150mA (Pi can only handle 100mA per USB slot without a hub)). Also, use the latest software. Forum user MrEngman reported some keyboard repeats and wireless hangs until upgrading to the debian6-19-04-2012 kernel, which he reports stable with no problems even with a low TP1-TP2 voltage of 4.65 - 4.68 volts.
Some users have reported that their keyboards work fine on Arch linux, but on Debian distro's, their keyboards become erratic (repeats and/or skips key presses). One suggested remedy to this, which has some positive feedback, is to adjust the USB bus speed. To do this, you need to edit the cmdline.txt file, and add "dwc_otg.speed=1" (without quotes) to the end of the file (found in the /boot directory).
Worst case scenario, some (advanced) keyboards, such as the Roccat Arvo, have kernel modules that need activating. If you have access to another keyboard temporarily, you will need to modprobe the relevent driver. Or if this is not possible, you can rebuild the kernel (instructions available on the wiki page) with the modules installed. (to find the drivers for keyboards etc, you need to find "Device Drivers -> hid Devices".)
Keyboard / Mouse interferes with USB WiFi device
Connecting a keyboard and/or mouse while a USB WiFi device is connected, may cause one or both devices to malfunction. On April 30 2012, there was a bugfix[9] relating to USB sharing between high-speed (eg. WiFi) and full/low-speed devices (eg. keyboard/mouse). User spennig[10][11] reports this patch did not fix the Mouse/WiFi conflict. On 2012-05-12, user spennig was pleased to confirm that wifi was working with a USB keyboard and mouse, as long as the Raspberry Pi had a good PSU and a powered hub. Even so, some experimentation was needed, e.g. USB WiFi connected to the device, and the keyboard and mouse connected to the powered hub. Some experimentation may be necessary to find a working combination; however a good power supply is essential.
Wireless Keyboard trouble
Some wireless keyboards, for example the Microsoft Wireless Keyboard 800 are reported to fail[12] even though the current drawn by the wireless adaptor is within the R-Pi USB spec limit of 100 mA. This may be a software driver problem.
Re-mapping the keyboard with Debian Squeeze
If different letters appear on-screen from that which you typed, you need to reconfigure you keyboard settings. In Debian, from a command line type:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
Follow the prompts. Then restart your RasPi.
Or:
From the command line type:
sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard
Then find where it says
XKBLAYOUT=”gb”
and change the gb to the two letter code for your country. [1]
Slow keyboard mapping
If you have remapped your keyboard and get a very long delay during the keyboard mapping at startup, type the following once on the command line after you have logged in:
sudo setupcon
No USB device works, with known good PS, SD card, KB
There has been more than one report[13][14][15] of a R-Pi booting but not getting USB input, using a known-good power supply, SD card, and keyboard. The more common cause for no USB devices working is low power supply voltage from bad PSU, cable, or USB hub, but in this case the problem was no clock signal present at the LAN9512 USB/Ethernet chip "IC3", and the solution was to reflow the solder on the 25 MHz crystal "X1" on the bottom side of the board. Or return the board for a replacement, but before making this conclusion, confirm known good peripherals. A significant number of USB keyboards are not compatible with R-Pi. As of June 1 2012, Eben reported[16] that only about 1 in 1000 shipped R-Pi boards have been found to have a hardware fault of any kind.
Updating firmware
Check your firmware version
Using the latest firmware version may help various problems with SD card and display compatibility. Check the kernel version with:
uname -a
Linux RPi 3.1.19 #1 PREEMPT Fri Jun 1 14:16:38 CEST 2012 armv6l GNU/Linux
And the GPU firmware with:
/opt/vc/bin/vcgencmd version
May 31 2012 13:35:03
Copyright (c) 2012 Broadcom
version 317494 (release)
Get the latest firmware version
The GPU firmware and kernel can be updated with Hexxeh's rpi-update tool.
However this requires the Pi to be successfully booted. With sdcard problems, you may not get that far, so can try a manual udpate. If you have a Linux machine, rpi-update can be run on that in an offline mode, and will update your sdcard from the Linux machine.
Otherwise, on a Windows computer, you will see the "/boot" partition appear as the contents of SD card. You can download the latest GPU firmware version here. Click on view raw, then save it, and put the new start.elf file on the sdcard replacing the existing one. Similarly, the latest kernel is here. After updating these files you should be able to boot. You still need to run rpi-update to update the kernel modules (in /lib/modules) and the GPU libraries (in /opt/vc).
Choosing the right ARM/GPU memory split
There is a choice of how the 256M/512M of RAM is divided between the ARM and GPU:
gpu_mem=16 : 16M GPU, 240M/496M ARM split : Maximum ARM memory. Good for ARM desktop use. No accelerated video or 3D possible.
gpu_mem=64 : 64M GPU, 192M/448M ARM split : Reasonable ARM memory. Simple video (omxplayer) or 3D (quake) is possible. This is the default.
gpu_mem=128 : 128M GPU, 128M/384M ARM split : Use this for heavy 3D work, or 3D plus video. Needed for XBMC.
To switch, edit the gpu_mem= setting in your config.txt and reboot.
Note: other amounts are also possible, but setting gpu_mem=32 is usually the wrong choice. gpu_mem=16 is almost always a better choice.
Also note that before the release of the 51MB PI a different method was used based on splitting the 256MB RAM in a part for the CPU and GPU. As this noting system was causing trouble if the amount of RAM was not always the same. the above new method was adapted.
Make sure your editor doesn't change the first letter of the line into an uppercase letter, as some editors do. The entry is case sensitive.
SD cards
• If you have problems, check you have latest firmware version (described above)
• Some SD cards do not work on the R-Pi, so check the list of known SD cards.
• If you are having problems setting up your SD card you might want to start by erasing it completely - especially if it has been used elsewhere and still contains data / partitions.
• Reformatting cards is also easy to do in a digital camera.
• After writing the image to the SD card, verify that you can see the boot partition when you insert the SD card into your computer. The partition should contain a number of files, including start.elf and kernel.img. If you do not see these files on the SD card, you have made an error writing the image file.
• If you are manually preparing your SD card on Linux or Mac OS using the dd command, this operation will completely erase any existing data and partitions. Make sure you write to the whole card (e.g. /dev/sdd) and not to an existing partition (e.g. /dev/sdd1).
• If you have an sdcard that doesn't work with latest firmware, head over here.
• If you put the SD card into your PC in an attempt to write the R-Pi operating system onto it, and the PC tells you the card is write-protected, even with the write-protect tab in the correct, forward position, then you may have a faulty SD-card rewriter. There's a common fault with many SD-card rewriters - The write-protect tab is detected by a very thin, narrow metal strip, that is part of a switch. When the card is inserted, the write-protect tab is supposed to push the strip and make/break the contact, as needed. Unfortunately, these strips have a habit of getting stuck, because they are mounted in a thin plastic channel, and only need to be deformed slightly sideways to get jammed.
Luckily, if you have this problem, most built-in card readers are easy to pull apart and repair; some users have even reported succesfully unjamming the switch with a blast of compressed air from a can into the SD-card slot without having to dismantle anything. You may also be able to temporarily get round the problem by putting the write-protect tab in a half-way position - this pushes on a different part of the strip and may break the contact - it's worth trying a few, slightly different positions. You could also use a USB-SD card adaptor, which are cheap to buy.
Networking
Ethernet connection is lost when a USB device is plugged in
This is often caused by inadequate power. Use a good power supply and a good power cable. Some cheap cables that work with a cell phone, cannot fully power the R-Pi. Some USB devices require a lot of power (>100 mA), so they must be used with a powered USB hub. Some cheap USB hubs suck power from the Raspberry Pi even if a USB power supply is connected. (More often than not, however, the reverse is true with cheap hubs—the Pi draws just enough power backwards from the powered hub to unsuccessfully attempt booting.)
There is an ongoing issue with the Ethernet connection being lost when low-speed devices, such as mice or keyboards are connected via a powered USB hub. The simplest way to solve this is to connect your mouse and keyboard directly into the 2 USB ports on the R-Pi (assuming they draw less than 100 mA apiece).
Ethernet connects at 10M instead of 100M
The LED in the corner of the board labelled "10M" is mislabeled on the rev 1.0 PC board. It is correctly labeled "100" on the rev 2.0 PC board. When that LED is on, RasPi is connected at 100 Mbps. You can confirm the true transfer rate using a network benchmark such as iperf. You can also read the current network speed with:
cat /sys/class/net/eth0/speed
Cannot ssh in to Pi
In the Debian image, ssh is disabled by default. Boot commands are taken from /boot/boot.rc if that file present. There is an example file named boot_enable_ssh.rc that enables ssh. So:
sudo mv /boot/boot_enable_ssh.rc /boot/boot.rc
and reboot should enable ssh. (password as below)
Network/USB chip gets too hot to touch
This is normal. In open air at 24 C, the LAN9512 Ethernet/USB chip reaches about 52 C after some time. This is too hot to touch for more than a few seconds, but it is not unusually hot for the chip.
The LAN9512 data sheet in Table 4.1 on p.40 says it comes in two versions, rated for operation at an ambient temperature in still air (Ta) of 70 C (commercial) or 85 C (industrial). It uses 763 mW at 3.3V with maximum traffic on 100baseT and both USB ports (Table 4.3.4, p. 42).
There is a study of RasPi heat profiles by "Remy" at ¿Se calienta el ordenador Raspberry Pi? Estudio de sus temperaturas en funcionamiento (Is the Raspberry Pi computer getting hot? A study of its operational temperature.) The Spanish article has numerous color temperature images of RasPi in various operational modes, with the highest LAN9512 case temperature measured as 64.5 C.
Networking no longer works when changing SD card between two Raspberry Pis
In some distributions, /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules remembers which MAC address is associated with eth0, so each new device will be assigned as a different interface (eth1, eth2, etc.) due to the different MAC addresses. Editing /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules to remove the invalid rules and rebooting may help fix the problem.
Crashes occur with high network load
The USB driver allocates memory from the kernel, and when traffic is very high (e.g. when using torrents/newsgroup downloads) this memory can be exhausted causing crashes/hangs. You should have a line like:
vm.min_free_kbytes = 8192
in /etc/sysctl.conf. Try increasing that number to 16384 (or higher). If that doesn't work, try adding to /boot/cmdline.txt
smsc95xx.turbo_mode=N
which will reduce network throughput, but has improved stability issues for some.
Network connection fails when a Graphical User Interface is being used
The network connection may fail when the command startx is used to enter a Graphical User Interface. This is caused by a bug in the USB driver related to certain types of USB mouse.
As of 1 September 2012, this fault is fixed in the latest firmware. To load the latest firmware, see http://elinux.org/R-Pi_Troubleshooting#Updating_firmware
Passwords
I do not know the password to login
Please check the page http://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads for the correct username and password for each image.
Here are the most common username/password combinations:
• Debian after Feb 2012: pi/raspberry
• Debian 17 Feb 2012: pi/suse
• Arch: root/root
• Bodhi: pi/bodhilinux
Some programs refuse to accept my password
While using Debian, some programs may ask for your password but refuse to accept a valid password.
This is a fault in old Debian images previous to September 2012. If you are using an image with this fault, upgrade to a more modern image or enter the following command on the command line.
gconftool-2 --type bool --set /apps/gksu/sudo-mode true
Please enter this command carefully, the spaces are important. The command should be accepted without any response or errors.
I don't know the root password
There is no root password set by default on Debian. You are expected to do everything through sudo. You can set one with "sudo passwd root" - just make sure you know what you are doing with a root account.
Sound
Sound does not work with an HDMI monitor
This is caused by some computer monitors which select DVI mode even if an HDMI cable is connected. This fix may be necessary even if other HDMI devices work perfectly on the same monitor (or TV)!
Edit the configuration file - see the instructions at R-Pi_ConfigurationFile.
Add the following line to the configuration file:
hdmi_drive=2
This will force it to select HDMI mode.
More reasons why sound does not work with an HDMI monitor
With an HDMI connection it might be possible to hear:
./hello_audio.bin 1
but not:
aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav
Firstly, it seems that some HD TVs mute audible sound output when there is no digital input, and slowly fade the sound up and down at the start and end of digital input. This means that short duration sounds will not be heard. A work around is to play longer duration wav files.
Secondly, it seems that some HD TVs mute audible sound output when there is only one channel of digital input. So, as the file Front_Center.wav is mono, it might not be heard. ALSA aplay uses the file information header to configure its digital output. And the aplay -c 2 option does not over-ride the settings aplay picks up from the file information header. So, if your HD TV doesn't accept just one channel of digital input, you cannot use aplay to hear a mono wav file. However, with the command speaker-test, the -c2 option does work, and sets 2 channels in the digital stream. So speaker-test can be used to hear the file Front_Center.wav in either the left or right speaker using the -s option 1 or 2. For example
Speaker-test -c 2 -s 1 -t wav -W /usr/share/sounds/alsa -w Front_Center.wav
should be heard on the left speaker. But note that the command speaker-test seems only to like mono wav files, and seems not to play stereo wav files.
The command aplay plays 2 channel stereo wav files in stereo sound without problem (provided they last longer than the time it takes the TV to unmute and remute). A helpful example I found is the stereo file LRMonoPhase4.wav at the Kozco web site [2]
Sound does not work at all, or in some applications
In Debian Squeeze, sound is disabled by default because the ALSA sound driver is still "alpha" (not fully tested) on the R-Pi. To try out sound, from the command prompt before "startx", type
sudo apt-get install alsa-utils
sudo modprobe snd_bcm2835
On Debian Wheezy, snd_bm2835 is enabled, by default, do that step is not necessary. Next try:
sudo aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav
By default output will be automatic (hdmi if hdmi supports audio, otherwise analogue). You can force it with:
sudo amixer cset numid=3 <n>
where n is 0=auto, 1=headphones, 2=hdmi.
With recent firmware, you can build hello_audio with:
cd /opt/vc/src/hello_pi/
./rebuild.sh
cd hello_audio
With older firmware
cd /opt/vc/src/hello_pi/hello_audio
make
to test analogue output:
./hello_audio.bin
and:
./hello_audio.bin 1
to test HDMI.
Also note that you may have to add your user to the 'audio' group to get permission to access the sound card.
Display
Startx fails to start
If you just get errors instead of a desktop when typing
startx
you may be out of storage space on the SD card. By default there are only a few hundred MB free in the 2 GB main partition, which can quickly fill up if you download files. Make sure there is some space free (gparted can expand a partition, if the SD card is > 2GB). Also, installing some software may incorrectly create or modify a .Xauthority file in your home directory, causing startx to fail, according to this thread. Temporarily renaming, moving, or deleting that file may fix the problem.
Screen is the wrong color
Check and see if the DVI cable is screwed in properly. If that doesn't work then try this section.
Video does not play or plays very slowly
The only hardware-accelerated video player is in the XBMC distribution and its command line variant omxplayer. H264 is the only hardware-accelerated codec, for playback. No hardware encoding is supported. Additional codecs were not purchased as licensing fees would have increased the R-Pi's price.
Can only get 800x480 resolution in LXDE (Arch linux)
Known issue with distro package as of 17th April 2012 - there's some missing boot config information. Creating a suitable cmdline.txt fixes it - type the following at the Raspberry Pi command line:
sudo echo "dwc_otg.lpm_enable=0 console=ttyAMA0,115200 kgdboc=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext3 rootwait" >/boot/cmdline.txt
Big black borders around small image on HD monitors
Out of the box, R-Pi graphics don't necessarily fill the whole screen. This is due to something called "Underscan", and it can be fixed easily.
Note: the best solution is to disable overscan in display menu options (it may be called "just scan", "screen fit", "HD size", "full pixel", "unscaled", "dot by dot", "native" or "1:1"), then use the disable_overscan=1 option.
Edit the configuration file, see the instructions at R-Pi_ConfigurationFile.
Add the following lines to the configuration file...
If your display has no overscan:
disable_overscan=1
or if your display has some overscan:
overscan_left=-20
overscan_right=-20
overscan_top=-20
overscan_bottom=-20
Making the R-Pi graphics fill the screen is a matter of experimenting with the numbers you put in the config.txt file. Change the numbers – try jumps of 5 or 10 at a time. Bigger negative numbers reduce the black borders (so -40 means less black border than -20). The numbers do not all have to be the same; you can use this feature to centre the display on the screen.
Writing spills off the screen on HD monitors
Out of the box, R-Pi graphics may be larger than the 1080p (ie Full HD) screen. This is due to something called "Overscan", and it can be fixed easily by creating a simple text file on the R-Pi SD card by using Notepad on your PC.
Follow the instructions in the section "Big black borders around small image on HD monitors", but use positive numbers for the overscan settings, for example
overscan_left=20
overscan_right=20
overscan_top=20
overscan_bottom=20
Interference visible on a HDMI or DVI monitor
This may be caused by loss of signal on long video cables. The signal level may be increased by changing a configuration parameter.
Edit the configuration file, see the instructions at R-Pi_ConfigurationFile.
Add the following line to the configuration file
config_hdmi_boost=4
You may experiment with different values of config_hdmi_boost. Value 1 is used for very short cables, value 7 is used for very long cables. At your own risk, you can go up to 11, but risk frying a sensitive monitor.
Note that various adapters, such as HDMI-to-DVI, can also cause power loss and therefore require high values of config_hdmi_boost even with short cables.
This option can also help when there is no display output at all, the display periodically blanks, or colours are wrong/inverted.
This symptom can also be caused by RasPi +5V (measured from TP1 to TP2) falling too low. See Troubleshooting Power Problems.
No HDMI output at all
First make sure the display is powered on and switched to the right input before booting Pi.
If you have the Wheezy image (recommended) then try
hdmi_safe=1
Otherwise, try adding the following line to the configuration file (similar to interference case above)
config_hdmi_boost=4
Your monitor/cable may not be asserting the hotplug signal. You can override this with:
hdmi_force_hotplug=1
Also try the following video options:
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=4
which resolved an issue with DVI monitor reporting "input signal out of range"
As a last resort, try deleting (rename to keep backup) config.txt from the SD card.
Also check that the RasPi +5V voltage (measured from TP1 to TP2) is in the correct range. One user found that his DVI-D monitor blanked out when +5V was too low. See Troubleshooting Power Problems.
Here's a rare cause: A standard HDMI cable has five individual ground wires plus a shield. Some cheap HDMI cables do not implement the individual grounds and just have a common foil shield that's connected to the HDMI plug shells at both ends. This works OK in most HDMI applications since most HDMI sources (like RasPi) and most monitors connect the shells to circuit ground. However, some HDMI or DVI monitors may requires individual ground lines. You can tell if an HDMI cable implements the individual grounds by checking for continuity using an Ohmmeter or multimeter. You can find the HDMI pinout for full-size connectors at Wikipedia.
Composite displays no image
The output display will default to HDMI if a HDMI display is connected, and composite if not. Make sure there isn't a HDMI cable connected when you want to use composite output.
Also, check that your TV is set to the correct input, normally marked "AV". If your TV has multiple AV inputs, try all of the inputs, normally by pressing a button marked "AV" or "Input" or "Source" or "->O" on the remote control.
Composite displays only black and white image
The composite display defaults to NTSC (American) output. Most TVs will show an image with that, but older PAL (European) televisions may display only back and white or no image. To fix this:
Edit the configuration file, see the instructions at R-Pi_ConfigurationFile.
Add the following line to the configuration file
sdtv_mode=2
(You can try other values: 0 is NTSC, 1 is Japanese NTSC, 2 is PAL, 3 is Brazilian PAL)
HDMI -> VGA adapters
Some good information can be found here:
A commonly used adapter from Ebay: gallery with detailed images & steps of a modification to use external power source: HERE --by Pinoccio
GPIO
Remember that the GPIO pins are 3.3V logic level only, and are NOT 5V tolerant.
If you momentarily shorted the two end GPIO pins together (+3.3V and +5V), or a supply pin to ground, and the Pi appears to be dead, don't panic. The input polyfuse may have tripped. It is self-resetting after it cools down and the polymer re-crystallizes, which can take several hours. Set the Pi aside and try again later.
The GPIO pins connect directly into the core of the ARM processer, and are static-sensitive, so you should avoid touching the pins wherever possible. If you are carrying a static charge, for example by taking off an acrylic pullover, or walking across a nylon carpet, touching the GPIO pins could destroy your R-Pi, so always earth yourself before touching the pins or anything connected to them.
General
The time is incorrect
If the clock is off by a series of hours, in the command line type:
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
The R-Pi has no real-time clock, so unless it can access a timeserver over the network at boot, or time is manually entered by the user, the time/date will restart counting from the last logged time in the previous session.
A part broke off
The silver cylinder near the microUSB power input is a 220 uF capacitor ("C6" on schematic). It sticks up and due to the small surface-mount pads, it is easy to break off; several people have done so. This is a power supply filter capacitor which reduces any noise and spikes on the input +5V power. If you like, you can solder it back on, or just leave it off. If you do solder it back on, take care to observe the correct polarity with the black stripe towards the board edge. This part, C6 is a "just in case" component which is good design practice to include, but as it turns out most power supplies still work OK without this part installed. This part is also discussed here.
Unable to install new software
When trying to install a software package (using the command sudo apt-get install xxxx) you may see the error
Package yyyy is not available
This means that your software list is out of date. Before attempting to install software, you should always make sure that you are using the latest software list by using the command
sudo apt-get update
Troubleshooting power problems
If you think you have a problem with your power supply, it is a good idea to check the actual voltage on the Raspberry Pi circuit board. Two test points labelled TP1 and TP2 are provided on the circuit board to facilitate voltage measurements.
Use a multimeter which is set to the range 20 volts DC (or 20v =). You should see a voltage between 4.75 and 5.25 volts. Anything outside this range indicates that you have a problem with your power supply or your power cable.
If you have not used a multimeter before, see these [basic instructions]
Note: Even if the multimeter shows the correct voltage, you may have some power supply problems. A multimeter only displays the average voltage. If there are very short-lived dips or spikes in the voltage, these will not be shown by the multimeter. It is best to measure voltage when Pi is busy.
If your voltage is low, it could be:
• The power supply produces too low a voltage
• The power supply cannot supply enough current, which results in a voltage drop. Make sure Power supply is labelled as at least 700mA. (Some cheap power supplies don't deliver what is labelled).
• The Micro USB power cable is low quality. Some Micro USB cables have very thin conductors, resulting in enough voltage drop for RasPi to fail even if the power supply itself is fine. For details, see On_the_RPi_usb_power_cable.
• Attached USB devices want too much power. The Pi is only designed for up to 100mA USB devices. A USB device wanting more that that will cause a voltage drop.
• The F3 Polyfuse could be blown or bad, see below for how to test.
Note: keyboards with LCD displays, built in USB hubs, backlights, etc are likely to be problematic. Try to use a basic one. Wifi dongles are also unlikely to work when directly connected. Connect high powered USB devices to a powered USB hub.
Try booting without HDMI, ethernet or USB deviced plugged in, and see if the voltage improves. See also: Power Supply Problems
How to test the F3 polyfuse[17]
1. Remove all the things plugged into your Raspberry Pi, including SD card.
2. Locate the TP2 test point on the top of the board.
3. Turn your board over and find the TP2 test point on the bottom of the board. One lead of your multi-meter will always be on the TP2 point on the bottom of the board for all tests.
4. Plug your power supply into the micro usb port and power your board.
5. Place one lead of your multi-meter on the TP2 point on the bottom of the board and one lead on the side of the F3 fuse closest to the edge of the board. Note the voltage. This is the voltage coming into your RPi from your power supply.
6. Keeping one lead on TP2, move the other lead to the side of F3 closest to the SD card slot. This is the voltage coming out of the F3 fuse.
Multi-meter lead placement for testing the Raspberry Pi F3 Polyfuse
If the voltage is different by more than about 0.3v you probably have an issue with the F3 fuse[18].
When polyfuses "blow" their resistance increases dramatically, there by limiting the voltage that can pass through them. If your power problem suddenly appeared after your board was known to be working fine, it is probable the fuse is just "blown" and will return to normal. Polyfuses recover from the tripped state to near their normal value in a few minutes, but do take some hours to fully recover so leave it unpowered and check it again in a little while.[19] If your power problem has been since the first time you plugged in your board, the fuse was probably bad when it arrived and should be returned to place you purchased it.
If you prefer to make your own PSU - see: Power Supply construction - HowTo
Hardware versions/revisions
Several different boards have been found probably from different assembly lines, and the following tables try to help you identify your board for better troubleshooting.
Look for the date of manufacturing printed with the year and week. In this example year (2012) and week (18th):
For what we can see for model B boards there are mainly two versions that differ on the type RAM used, Samsung (S) and Hynix (H).
For Board ver. we used: <model><RAM Maker><production date> (ex.: BS1218 is "Model B, Samsung RAM, 18th week of 2012")
Model A:
Board
ver.
RAM
Chip
USB
Chip
Front Back
Model B:
Board
ver.
RAM
Chip
USB
Chip
Front Back
BS12xx Samsung SMSC
BH12xx Hynix SMSC
See a complete list and user feedback here: RaspberryPi Boards
References
1. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=7528
2. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5096&p=76503#p76503
3. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5096&p=76654#p76654
4. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/will-not-boot-consistently-any-suggestions-before-i-send-my-pi-back
5. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/booted-once-wont-work-again
6. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/possible-fault-pi-boots-sometimes-but-not-always
7. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5900&p=79008#p79008
8. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=5900&p=78973#p78973
9. https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/commit/e09244e60881148431ecd016ccc42f1fa0678556
10. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/usb-power-hub-wifi/page-4#p74609
11. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/success-with-kb-mouse-wifi?value=3761&type=8&include=1&search=1
12. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/display-and-keyboard-issues-on-a-real-pi#p74816
13. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=7533
14. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=5766#p77576
15. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?t=5766#p80995
16. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=6822&p=89589&hilit=eben#p89513
17. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=22318
18. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=24005&p=222526#p222526
19. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=24005&p=222549#p222543
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"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:58.000Z",
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}
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Difference between revisions of "RPi VerifiedPeripherals"
From eLinux.org
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(Problem SD Cards)
Line 2,064: Line 2,064:
** 16GB SDHC Class 6 (47178) - Raspbian Pisces RC3 - boots, but after login: mmc timeout waiting for interrupt
** 16GB SDHC Class 6 (47178) - Raspbian Pisces RC3 - boots, but after login: mmc timeout waiting for interrupt
** 8GB microSD Class 10 (44012) - ArchLinux - boots, but after system update develops segmentation faults
** 8GB microSD Class 10 (44012) - ArchLinux - boots, but after system update develops segmentation faults
+
** 8GB SDHC Class 10 (Premium) - Tested with September release of Raspbian and Debian Wheezy - both fail to boot with mmc errors.
The usual warnings against less reputable sellers (such as Ebay merchants) apply.
The usual warnings against less reputable sellers (such as Ebay merchants) apply.
Revision as of 10:31, 31 October 2012
Contents
Back to the Hub.
Hardware & Peripherals:
Hardware and Hardware History.
Low-level Peripherals and Expansion Boards.
Screens, Cases and Other Peripherals.
A note about this page: For USB devices, please specify if they required a powered hub
Notes
19-Apr-2012: Now that the Model B board is shipping, details added should relate to this board and the default Debian distribution unless stated otherwise. A suggested suffix markup scheme is as follows:
• (A) - Relates to model A production board
• (B) - Relates to model B production board
• (!) - Information from alpha and beta board days -- beta board verified peripherals should still apply to production boards for the most part, but the alpha board is fairly different
• No markup - relates to all production boards
Discuss: http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/?mingleforumaction=viewtopic&t=247
If you are adding to a product list it would help clarity if entries are kept/added in alphabetical order.
Power Usage Notes
Warning: Adding peripherals may increase the loading on the power supply to your board and this, in turn, may affect the voltage presented to the RPi. If the RPi's supply voltage falls below a certain value (anecdotally stated as around 4.75V), or it begins to fluctuate, your setup may become unstable. There is a Wiki section about this issue which is worth a read.
Model B Hardware Revisions and USB Power limits Hardware Revision 1.0 The original Model B board had current limiting polyfuses which limited the power output of each USB port to approximatly 100mA. USB devices using more than 100mA had to be connected via a powered hub. The PI's PSU was chosen with a power budget of 700mA of which 200mA were assigned to the USB ports, so the Raspberry Pi's (poly)fuses were designed only for devices up to 100mA, and typical 140mA polyfuses will have as much as 0.6 volt across them when drawing currents near the 100mA limit. As a consequence the USB ports are only directly suitable for "single current unit" USB devices which, according to USB specifications, are designed to work with just 4.4 Volt. Not only do non single current unit devices draw more current (causing greater Voltage drops, and greater stress on the fuses), they also might require 4.75 Volt to work.
Model B Hardware Revision 2.0 and Revision 1.0 with ECN0001 change This had the polyfuses removed, removing the 100mA current limitation for each USB port (but leaving the main fuse F3 intact). Users should still ensure their power supply can power the RPi and the USB peripherals. Revision 2.0 was released in August 2012.
Linux Driver Issues
Shortly after the Raspberry Pi was released it was it was confirmed that there were a number of issues with the Linux USB driver for the SMSC95xx chip. These included problems with USB 1.x peripherals that use split transactions, a fixed number of channels (causing problems with Kinect) and the way the ARM processor handles the SMSC95xx interrupts. [1] [2] A large number of fixes were included in the 2012-08-19-wheezy-raspbian Linux image.
Powered USB Hubs
A number of low-cost powered USB hubs are known to have caused problems. Members of the Raspberry Pi forums have reported low power or no power at all in some cases. The following is a list of specific Powered USB Hubs which appear to be fault-free. Please note that these do not take into account powering the Raspberry Pi from the hub, in addition to its peripherals.
If you use a powered hub and PI PSU together consider powering them from the same power bar with switch, so you can turn them on simultaneously., especially if the HUB tries to feed the PI through their interconnect cable, due to the 100mA limiting fuse in the PI the PI will be partially powered which may cause problems (unwanted writes to the SD card).
Working USB Hubs
• Acme
• USB 2.0 hub 4 port (ACME) Based on NEC μPD720114 USB2.0 Hub Controller USB ID 0409:005a NOTE! It is bus-powered hub, but very cheap and small and works after a small modding: on usb-hub board you have 4 holes: V, D+, D- and GND. Connect GND, D+ and D- to the RasPI, and additionally connect GND and +5v from power supply to the same holes on usb-hub GND and V. Now there is common contacts: GND, D+ and D- between RasPI and hub needed to work, and additional power for USB devices, connected to the hub. Tested on my RasPI.
• Belkin
• F4U040 4-Port Ultra-Slim Desktop hub (powered 5v, 2.6A, lsusb lists as Genesys Logic 05e3:0608)
• F5U224 4 port powered USB hub
• F5U231/F5U234 Hi-speed USB 2.0 Tertrahub - 4 port powered USB hub (verified.. able to power Raspberry Pi using micro USB directly from hub)
• F5U237 7 Port powered USB 2.0 5V 3.8A (5 back port 2 top ports)
• F5U259-ME USB 2.0 7-Port Hub (Powered, able to apply power to Raspberry Pi via micro USB from this hub at same time)
• F5U403 USB 2.-0 4 Port Hub (Powered, suspect see F5U404 in non-working, didn't test power the RPi from hub.)
• F5U700 USB 2.0 7-Port Hub (Powered, able to power Raspberry Pi via micro USB directly from hub)
• F5U706ea/uk 2-in-1 Hub (USB 2.0, powered, 7-port)
• F5U706701PerBlk 7-in-1 Hub (USB 2.0, powered 5V 2.5A , 7-port)
• F4U039qukAPL 7 port Ultra-Slim Desktop Hub (internally two Genesys Logic 05e3:0608 devices - powering RPi from port furthest away from power supply. Toshiba Stor.E 1TB must be powered from ports closest to the power supply to avoid errors in dmesg. Flash drives seem fine on ports away from the power supply.)
• Benq
• E2220HD LCD Monitor with 4 port USB Hub. Able to power the Pi and no backfeed of power from the monitor to the Pi via the interconnect. Just works.
• Biltema
• 23-924 4-port powered USB 2.0 Hub (2.0A) Able to power Raspberry Pi via USB port
• CyberPower
• [3] CP-H720P 7-port powered hub with 3.6A adapter. Internally, a NEC Corp 0409:0050 device. Works perfectly with Model B, regardless of whether the RPi is being powered by the hub or externally. WARNING: This device seems to have been replaced with one based on dual 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUB internally
• Dell
• Dell 2001FP monitor has 4 USB ports and acts as a powered hub.
• Dell SP2309W monitor has 4 USB ports and acts as a powered hub.
• Dell 2407FWP monitor has 4 USB ports and acts as a powered hub. Additionally, the 6-in-1 Card Reader part of the monitor works as well, though it will not read SDXC Cards.
• Dell U3011 monitor has 4 USB ports and acts as a powered hub. Additionally, the Card Reader part of the monitor works as well, and is compatible with 128GB SDXC Lexar Brand Cards
• DELTACO
• DYNEX
• 7port hob idVendor=0409, idProduct=0050 works
• D-Link
• [4] 7-Port USB Hub DUB-H7 (See note below - doesn't work for all, apparently). Working model marked BUBH7A....A5. Worked with Debian on production B model, for keyboard, mouse, and thumb drives, also worked with ArchLinux, didn't work with Bodhi Linux immediately thereafter. Recent model did not work with default raspbian firmware (3.1.9+ #272); updated firmware with rpi-update (to 3.2.27+ #66), now seems to work perfectly.
• [5] 4-Port USB Hub DUB-H4 Worked on Debian with keyboard, mouse, and thumb drive. Also tested with Raspbmc and external HD (powered through USB). While the hub has a charging port, which should be able to provide power enough to the RasPi (1.2 A), connecting the RasPi here doesn't work, as it seems the power is cut during boot (At least with hub hardware rev. C1). While it does boot from any of the other ports, it shouldn't be used it doesn't provide enough power (Standard 500 mA per port. Measuring at P1-P2 on the RasPi: ~4.45 V).
• Digicom
• [6] MiniHUB 4-Port USB 2.0 with PSU 5V - 2A .
• Digitus
• 7-port USB2.0 Powered Hub. Model DA-70226.
• Eminent
• [7] EM1102 4 Port USB 2.0 Hub with 1A power adapter. It's able to power the RPi, external HDD and other peripherals.
• [8] EM1107 7 Port USB 2.0 Hub with 2A power adapter. It's able to power the RPi, external HDD and other peripherals.
• GearHead
• [9] GearHead 4 Port Hub with Energy Saving Power Switch (5V, 1A)
• Gembird
• Gembird UHS 242 4-port USB 2.0 Hub 1.8 Amps
• Genesys Logic (sold at Fry's)
• Genesys Logic 4-Port USB 2.0 Hub (ID 05e3:0608) (Other brands include Gigaware and Belkin, same ID shows up in lsusb)
• Genesys Logic 4-Port USB 2.0 Hub (ID 05e3:0606) (Other brands include i-Rocks, same ID shows up in lsusb)
• Hama
• Hama 4-way USB 2.0 Hub
• HP
• HP ZR2240w 21.5" Monitor with built in 2-Port USB Hub (B)
• Laser
• "7 port USB hub with AC adapter Version 2.0". 5V 1A (found at Harvey Norman Australia for $24.95 and Australia Post Shops for $9.95). You can power the PI by connecting both the main USB connector to the PI USB port, and from a spare USB port back to the power micro USB socket. If you don't do both, boot-loops are likely to occur.
• Logik
• [10] LP4HUB10 4-Port USB Hub. Throws errors when used with Fedora remix 14
• Logik L4THUB10 4 Port powered hub works fine under raspbian/wheezy/model B. Captive usb cable, 2A power supply, convenient single top mounted usb socket. Unlike my last hub, will power wifi!
• LogiLink
• UA0085 USB 2.0 Hub, 4-Port with PSU 5V, 2A
• UA0091 USB 3.0 Hub, 4-Port with PSU 5V, 4A. Connected with USB2.0 cable. 1A per port, able to support USB HDD drives and other power hungry devices. Tested with kernel 3.1.9-cutdown, Wheezy.
• UA0096 USB 2.0 Hub, 10-Port with PSU 5V, 3.5A (Not suitable for powering RPi because it doesn't work unless there is working USB input present even with PSU plugged in.)
• UA0160 USB 2.0 Hub, 4-Port with PSU 5V, 2A. Able to power the RPi, keyboard, mouse and LogiLink UA0144 USB ethernet adapter. (More testing to come.)
• Macally
• [11] Hi-Speed 7-Port USB 2.0 Powered Micro HUB, AC Powered. Includes a 2000mA wall-wart (US style)
• Manhattan
• [12] (#160612) Hi-Speed USB 2.0 Micro HUB, AC Powered (identifies as ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic) Includes a 1000mA wall-wart (US style)
• Newlink
• NLUSB2-224P 4 port USB 2.0 Mini hub with PSU 5V 1A
• NLUSB2-222P 4 port USB 2.0 Hub with 5V 2A PSU (Available From | ModMyPi)
• Nilox
• Nilox USB 2.0 4port HUB model HUB4USB2AC with PSU 5V 1.0A
• Plugable
• [13] USB2-HUB4BC 4 Port USB 2.0 Hub with BC 1.1 Fast Charging. 5V 2.5A power supply. Powering Pi via microUSB from a hub port. USB Audio peripheral tested and working.
• Pluscom
• Pluscom 7 Port USB 2.0 Hub Model U7PH-3A with 3Amp PSU. USB ID 1a40:0101. Powering Pi via microUSB from a hub port. Internally two 4 Port switches linked. Leaks power back up USB data cable to Pi but not really a problem when powering Pi at the same time.
• Staples (Business Depot) (Bureau EN GROS)
• Staples 4-port hub Item 607477-CA
• StarTech.com
• StarTech.com 7-port Compact USB 2.0 Hub (ST7202USB). Comes with 5v 2A supply. Shows in lsusb as two Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUBs (05e3:0608). Back powers Pi (Just, Voltage across TP1 & TP2 is a little low when powered from this hub).
• SumVision
• Sumvision Slim 4 Port High Speed USB 2.0 HUB with PSU 5V 1.0A (from | 7dayshop )
• Sitecom
• CN-032 4 Port USB 2.0 Pocket Hub. Works for powering the Pi, an USB WLAN Adapter, wireless Kbd+Mouse. Using an 2500 mA Voltcraft
• CN-060 4 Port USB 2.0 Hub powered with AC Adapter (1A). Powering Pi via microUSB from a hub port.
• Sweex
• US014 4 Port USB 2.0 Hub
• Targus
• ACH81xx 7-port powered hub. 5V 3A power supply, with 2 high power ports. (possible conflicting behaviour with USB keyboard / Wifi Dongles)
• ACH63EU 4-port. Using a 5V 2A power supply, which isn't supplied with the hub, it is able to power the PI as well.
• The Pi Hut
• Trendnet
• [14] TU2-700 7 Port Powered USB 2.0 Hub with AC Adapter (5V 2A)
• Tripp-Lite
• [15] U222-007-R 7 Port Powered USB 2.0 Hub with AC Adapter (5V 2.5A) Powering RPi from Hub works
• Ultron
• [16] UHN-710 7-port powered hub with PSU 5V, 3A. USB ID 1a40:0201.
• VANTEC
• 4 Port USB 2.0 Powered Hub Model: UGT-MH304. 5V 2A AC/DC adapter. Go 2.0 Mini hub.
• Z-TEK
• Z-TEK 7-port powered hub with PSU 5V, 4A. USB ID 1a40:0201.
• "Unknown"
• 10(7-4) port hub idVendor=1a40, idProduct=0201 / idVendor=1a40, idProduct=0101 works
Problem USB Hubs
Please check known workarounds here before adding to the list
• Addon
• 7-Port Powered Hub - labelled ADDUH070P - Gives constant Eth0 errors on boot.
• Belkin
• 7-Port Powered Mobile Hub - device labelled F4U018, packaging labelled F5U701. lsusb reveals it to be two Genesys Logic 4-port hubs based on the GL850G chipset (vendor: 0x05e3 product: 0x0608) ganged together. Yields a lot of "handle_hc_chhltd_intr_dma:: XactErr without NYET/NAK/ACK" errors and device resets in /var/log/messages. Low speed devices such as keyboards work OK, wifi/mass storage is unreliable or broken. -- No error messages with the latest kernel, but still unstable with mass storage devices. Also, leaks current back to the Pi (can be fixed by overtaping GND and +5V pinouts)
• F4U022 7-Port powered USB hub (powered 5v, 2.6A), same as F4U018
• 7-Port Powered Hub - device labled F5U237 Rev.3 - ID 050d:0237 Wired ethernet fails to connect; gives "DWC OTG HCD URB enqueue failed adding QTD. Error status -4008" Result is same as DUB-H7 below.
• F5U404 Hi-Speed USB 2.0 4-Port Mobile Hub. Faulty/bad design; Leaks current back up the cable to the Raspberry Pi.
• F5U307 Hi-Speed USB 2.0 7-Port Hub (Powered, able to apply power to Raspberry Pi via micro USB from this hub at same time) It work's sometimes. (Works always without powering the RPi, haven't tried that)
• Dell
• Dell U2410 Monitor Built-in 4 Port Hub - Shows up as a pair with 0424:2514 and 0424:2640. Standard Microsystems Corp. USB 2.0 Hub. When connecting some devices it kills the Ethernet with "smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0: eth0: Failed to read register index 0x0000011X" errors. It did work for a keyboard and webcam. Bluetooth that works connected directly to the Pi triggers the error.
• DELTACO
• 7-Port USB Hub UH-713 Rev 3. This one consists also of two 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUBs connected together. The power supply is rated at 5 V 2 A. It kills ethernet when X11 is started.
• Dynex
• 7-Port USB Hub - Does not work in Debian 19-04 image.
• DX-HB7PT 7-Port USB Hub - As per the Gear Head below, it's 2 daisy-chained Genesys Logic 05e3:0608 devices. Appears to result in significant slow downs when the USB is under load, such as running the root filesystem from a USB drive.
• Dynamode
• 7-Port USB 2.0 Hub (Silver and black). Feeds power back up the interconnect to the Pi causing the power LED to light on the Pi if the hub is powered on but the Pi is not. The Pi also fails to boot when powered off this hub, with or without the interconnect plugged in. Stops the network from working when connected to the Pi after booting the Pi - cannot ssh to the Pi. Best avoided. :-( Shows up in lsusb as a pair of ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. USB-2.0 4-Port HUB which is interesting. - Confirmed. This hub also appears unable to power an external USB drive using a y-cable as it gives the error -71 message in dmesg (when providing external power to the RPi)
• 4-Port High-Speed USB 2.0 Hub (USB-H40-A2.0), came with with a 1A power supply. Leaks power to the Pi through the uplink. Doesn't work with Pi, unless the Pi is powered by a second power source. This hub is completely generic and I've seen it being sold under different brand names as well. Therefore, a picture is included for easy identification.
• D-Link
• 7-Port USB Hub DUB-H7 (Crashes USB stack, including Ethernet, when plugging / using some peripherals). (See note above, it works with some distros and/or with latest firmware)
• E-Solution
• 4-Port 2A Supply (Does not detect at all during boot or after boot- no messages) [IC = Alcor Micro Corp (AU6254)]
• Fosmon
• 7-Port USB 2.0 Hub w/ 1A Power Supply (Causes interference with other USB devices and sends enough power to light up the pi with it's Micro USB cable unplugged).
• Gear Head
• UH7250MAC 7-port powered hub. Internally, two daisy-chained Genesys Logic 05e3:0608 devices. Causes Ethernet instability when used under very specific circumstances, in X11.
• UH5200T 4-port powered hub. As of 2012-08-16 Wheezy, if any USB 1.x device (a keyboard, for example) is plugged into this hub, Ethernet stops, and USB interrupts for other devices get dropped (keys repeating forever), etc. Occurs even if power is not attached (not a power leakage problem). Appears working after a bootloader and/or firmware update on 9/12. Also, turned out to be somewhat more specific to the combination of two particular low-speed devices.
• Hama
• 4-Port USB 2.0 "bus hub", model 78496 (?). Only works for low power devices (card readers?), but does not work for power hungry devices (HDD,WLAN). Doesnt boot when hub connected to RPi. The funniest thing is that RPi powers on when I plug in this hub to normal size USB port (not that small dedicated port). idVendor=05e3, idProduct=0608
• Kensington
• 7-Port Dome Hub model no 1500129 (Possible problems with malfunctioning keyboard, kills mouse when GUI started).
• Inland
• 4-Port USB 2.0 Cable Hub model no 480426 (Some devices work, some don't, cheap unshielded untwisted wire design)
• Logik
• LP7HUB11 7-Port USB Hub. (Ethernet failed, slow response, in LXDE. Happened whether or not the hub's independent power supply was connected to the hub.)
• Soniq
• 4-Port 5V supply. Model number CUH100. (B). Appears to draw power away from the Raspberry Pi, even when the Pi has an isolated power line. Netgear WNA1100 WiFi Adapter (which is known to work in other setups is recognized, but unresponsive.
• Targus
• ACH115EU 7-port powered hub. 5V 3A power supply. Arduino communicates with RPi when connected directly to Pi's USB port, but it hangs soon if connected via ACH115. Also sometimes smsc95xx eth0 Failed to read register index 0x00000114 etc. errors in syslog when used.
• TCM
• Model 234298 s/n T634007737 powered hub. 4 ports plus card reader. 1A power supply. Model B, Wheezy raspian works ok with keyboard/mouse but problems with WiFi no connects. (insufficient power?)
• Trust
• 10-port USB 2.0 Hub (powered). Prevents ethernet from being recognised.
• SliZe 7 port USB 2.0 Hub (powered) - Item number 17080 (Barcode 8 713439 170801). Prevents ethernet from being recognised. Keyboard sends multiple characters.
• Unbranded / Multiple Brands
• 7-port silver/black hub. Also sold elsewhere under brands such as 'EX-Pro', 'Trixes' and 'Xentra' -- This is probably due to an inadequate power supply. -- I replaced the terrible power supply with a very good one, kept getting "DEBUG: handle_hc_chhltd_intr_dma:: XactErr without NYET/NAK/ACK" in dmesg, with no devices plugged in to the hub (with or without the power supply in)
• Generic 7-port black hub with Genesys Logic GL850A chipset
• Cerulian 10 Port USB 2.0 Top Loading Hub with 2A supply (kills mouse and network port)[1]
• USB 2.0 4 PORT INT/EXT DUAL HUB BAY -- Genesys Chipset -- idVendor=05e3, idProduct=0607 -- low speed devices worked, but strange USB failures when X session started. High speed devices such as hard drives had failures.
USB Remotes
• ATI Remote Wonder (X10 Wireless Technology, Inc. X10 Receiver) — ID 0bc7:0004 — appears as a joystick-like 2 button mouse and a 0-9 keypad without drivers on console and X.
• iPazzport mini 2.4 GHz wireless keyboard and touchpad.
• PKB 1800 Wireless Smart Pad ad Mini Keyboard. Pad works as mouse but not multi touch features. Keyboard works.
USB Keyboards
USB keyboards that present themselves as a standard HID (Human Interface Device) device should work. Please be aware that some of these keyboards were probably used with a powered hub
Working USB Keyboards
The following is a list of specific keyboards known to work and which appear to work fault-free.
• A4 Tech
• Model KL-5 USB Keyboard, 20mA.
• ABS
• M1 Heavy Duty Professional Gaming Mechanical Keyboard (B)
• Action Star
• ACK-5010U Mini Keyboard And Mouse
• Accuratus
• KYB-Toughball-HI
• Acer
• KG-0917 Wireless Keyboard And Mouse Bundle (B)
• KU-0906 Compact Keyboard (B) (Also known as Genius LuxeMate i200 Keyboard)
• SK-9625 Multimedia Keyboard (B) (multimedia functions not tested)
• Adesso
• PS/2 to USB Adapter ADP-PU21, 100mA (tested only with keyboards) Any PS/2 keyboard will work only if it will work with a reduced operating voltage.
• Model AKB-410UB. Keyboard with Touchpad.
• Asda
• Basic Wired Keyboard HK2026 (B)
• Basic Wired Keyboard HK3014
• (Please note when I put this keyboard through Newlink USB hub, it didn't work as expected)
• Premium Wireless Keyboard (white keys, silver back) HK8028
• Wireless Multimedia Deskset (keyboard, mouse and USB dongle) Model: HKM8016B (Note: Shown on Asda Website as HK8016B) (B)
• Asus
• KS-631U (comes with Asus Vento KM-63 keyboard/mouse set, not using powered hub) (B)
• BTC - Behavior Tech Computer Corp.
• Wired Portable Keyboard Model 6100 US (86+9 keys)
• Works with or without a powered hub
• Wireless Multimedia Keyboard with build in pointer/mouse Model 9029URF III (86+17 keys) (B)
• Wired Multimedia keyboard 6311U/6310U - rated at 5V/100mA, works directly
• Bush
• Wired Slimline Keyboard KU-0833
• This does not require a USB hub in order to work with the Raspberry Pi
• In the UK, it is available from Argos for £9.99
• Cerulian
• Mini wireless keyboard and mouse deskset (B)
• Cherry
• CyMotion Master Linux (B)
• RS 6000 USB ON
• G84-4100PTMUS (B) (Compact keyboard. Rated 100mA. Works directly in Pi)
• Compaq
• Compaq Internet Keyboard KU-9978 (049f:000e). Rated 5v 100mA. Works directly connected to Pi
• Das Keyboard
• Model S Professional Keyboard (Built in USB hub not tested) (B)
• Model S Ultimate Keyboard (Built in USB hub working) (B)
• Dell
• SK-8115 (B) (Rated 100mA. Works directly in pi)
• L100 (B)
• RT7D50 (75mA) (run "sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration")
• KB1421 (100mA)
• KB2521 (100mA)
• 1HF2Y (Works directly in pi)
• Bluetooth Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Bundle (B), Bluetooth USB dongle C-UV35 (Rated 500mA but works great), Keyboard Y-RAQ-DEL2, Mouse M-RBB-DEL4
• Delux
• K8050
• Dynex
• DX_-WKBD (60ma) (B)
• DX_-WKBDSL (Hot keys not yet tested with Debian) (tested through non-powered 3 dongle usb hub) (B)
• EAPPLY
• EBO-013 Wireless 2.4GHz compact keyboard with touchpad. Rated <40mA works directly from Pi. eBay ref 260962010276 from Shenzen, China.
• Emprex
• Wireless Media Control Keyboard With Trackball 9039ARF III (Media functions untested)
• Fujitsu Siemens
• KB SC USB UK (!)
• KB910 USB, with led light on the highest level (B)
• KB400 USB US
• GE
• 98139 Rev.K1 (Power Keyboard) (lsusb shows it as "0b38:0010 Gear Head 107-Key Keyboard") - works without a hub (i.e. directly connected) (B)
• Gear Head
• KB3700TP (USB Mini Smart Touch Touchpad Keyboard) (B)
• KB3800TP (Wireless Touch Mini Touchpad Keyboard with Smart Touch) (B)
• Works when plugged directly into Raspberry Pi, did not work with powered hub (could be a hub issue)
• KB3800TPW (Windows Smart Touch Wireless Keyboard with Touchpad) (B)RASPBMC supported
• KB4950TPW (Wireless Touch II Touchpad Keyboard) (B)
• KB1500U (USB Mini Keyboard) (B)
• KB5150 (2.4Ghz wireless keyboard/mouse Combo) (B)
• Works well with a powered hub
• Genius
• Ergomedia 700 (GK-04008/C) used without Hub
• KB-06XE (K639) (B)
• Slimstar 8000 wireless keyboard
• HP
• KG-1061
• KG-0851 Wireless Keyboard and Mouse
• KU-0316 (B)
• LV290AA#ABA Wireless Keyboard and Mouse
• PR1101U (available from Sainsbury's in the UK, £8, July 2012)
• SK-2880
• Hyundai
• HY-K201
• iConcepts
• 2.4GHz Wireless Keyboard and Optical Mouse Model 62550
• (saves a USB port since keyboard and mouse share one transceiver, $14.99 at Fry's Electronics)
• Imation
• KBD-702 Multi-media Wired Keyboard
• (works after the firmware update via rpi-update as of 06/27/2012)
• IOGEAR
• IOGEAR GKM561R Wireless HTPC Multimedia Keyboard with Trackball
• IOGEAR GKM681R 2.4GHz Wireless Compact Keyboard with Optical Trackball and Scroll Wheel
• iPazzPort
• i.t.works
• KC04 (direct and by usb hub)
• KC Silicone (only tested directly)
• Jenkins
• Jenkins Wireless Desktop Set Blue (B)
• KeySonic
• ACK-540RF (Wireless USB keyboard with built-in trackpad); works fine on Debian Squeeze plugged directly into Pi. Also works with Raspbmc with powered hub.
• ACK-540RF+ (UK) WiFi keyboard inc touchpad with USB wifi dongle works fb with on model B/raspian/wheezy via powered hub
• ACK-3700C
• ACK-340U+(DE)
• ACK-3400U (UK) mini keyboard
• Laptopmate
• AK-98UNTN7-UBRII Laptopmate RII Touch N7 Mini Wireless Keyboard with touchpad
• LC-Power
• K1000BMW (lsusb: ID 1241:f767 Belkin; dmesg: HOLTEK Wireless 2.4GHz Trackball Keyboard) tested with Debian 6.0.4
• Lenovo
• SK-8825 UK (B)
• Lenovo Enhanced Multimedia Remote with backlit keyboard N5902 (US)
• Lenovo Mini Wireless Keyboard N5901 (US)
• Lindy
• 21840 (Wireless RF 2.4GHz Micro Keyboard with built-in optical touchpad/trackpad, USB); works fine on model B/raspian/wheezy - the supplied Lindy USB nano dongle transceiver plugged directly into Pi USB port.
• Logik
• Ultra slim keyboard LKBWSL11 (B) >> This is also listed under Problem USB Keyboards?
• Logitech
• Comfort Wave 450, labeled 100mA (M/N Y-U0001, P/N 820-001725, PID SC951C40001)
• diNovo Mini wireless keyboard with media controls and clickpad 920-000586 (B)
• diNovo Edge Keyboard, Windows edition, built-in TouchDisc track-pad, bluetooth w/ USB mini-receiver 967685-0403 (B)
• Wii wireless keyboard KG-0802 (!)
• C-BG17-Dual Wireless keyboard and mouse with wired USB receiver (B)
• Deluxe 250 Keyboard
• Internet 350 (M/N 967740-0403)
• Internet Navigator Keyboard
• MK120 wired keyboard and mouse
• MK220 wireless keyboard and mouse
• MK250 wireless keyboard and mouse (no hub needed)
• MK260 wireless keyboard and mouse
• MK300 wireless keyboard and mouse
• MK320 wireless keyboard and mouse [17]
• MK350 wireless keyboard (using Unifying receiver)
• MK520 wireless keyboard and mouse
• MK550 wireless keyboard and mouse (B)
• MX5000 Bluetooth keyboard and mouse (B) The Logitech Bluetooth dongle also does proprietary wireless so it works without Bluetooth drivers.
• EX100 Cordless Desktop, Wireless Keyboard and Mouse (B)
• EX110 Cordless Desktop, wireless keyboard and mouse (B)
• K120 Keyboard (B)
• K200 Keyboard (B)
• K230 Wireless Keyboard (Unifying receiver, no powered hub) (B)
• K340 Wireless Keyboard (Unifying receiver, no powered hub) (B)
• K350 Wireless Keyboard (B)
• K400 wireless keyboard with touchpad - also listed under "problematic". Works for weeks with openelec and raspbian without any problems. Worked out of the box - the on/off switch needs to be "on" for it to function correctly. Highly recommended if you are "working from the sofa".
• K520 Keyboard (B)
• K700 Wireless Keyboard with Touchpad and unifying receiver
• K750 Wireless Solar Keyboard (B) (Mac version works too. (B) )
• LX 710 - works fine with receiver plugged directly into the RPi (accompanying mouse works fine too).
• S510 wireless keyboard and mouse (B)
• Ultra-Flat Keyboard (M/N Y-BP62A P/N 820-000245 PID SY126UK)labelled 100 mA. OK direct into Model B RPi.
• G19 Gaming Keyboard, works fine with no external power. Illumination with external power. Powered hum in back of keyboard works too.
• G15 Gaming keyboard, as long as you press the backlight button twice to turn off the backlight (it says below it dosen't work with backlight on.
• V470 Bluetooth Laser Mouse
Keyboards and mice also together with Unifying receiver
• Microsoft
• Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000
• Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 3000 for Business
• Microsoft Digital Media Pro Keyboard Model : 1031 (Debian 13-Apr-2012)
• Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000 (B) (Debian "Wheezy" beta 18-June-2012)
• Microsoft Wired Keyboard 600 Model 1366 (Debian 28-May-2012 on Production Model B)
• Microsoft Wireless Desktop 700 Keyboard v2.0 (Raspbian Pisces image 08-June-2012 on Production Model B)
• Microsoft Wireless Photo Keyboard (Model 1027) Unifying receiver, no hub
• Microsoft Wireless Natural Multimedia Keyboard (Raspbian Pisces 08-July-2012) (B)
• Microsoft Windows 2000 Keyboard (KB-USBK110610)
• Microsoft Wired Keyboard 600. The keyboard is rated at 5v/100mA (Wheezy 5-Sept-2012)
• Mikomi
• Wireless Deskset KM80545 Keyboard and mouse (Works but range is terrible less than a metre) (B)
• Monoprice
• Motorola
• Bluetooth wireless ultra slim keyboard and mouse combo (sold as for the "Atrix" phone) work in combination with the Technika Bluetooth adaptor listed below
• ONN
• ONN Keyboard Stock No: ONA11HO089 (from Walmart). Seems to work fine, even without a hub.
• ONN Keyboard Stock No: ONA11HO087 (from Walmart). Combination keyboard and mouse package with nano receiver. Be sure to configure keyboard layout.
• Ortek
• Ortek Technology, Inc. WKB-2000S Wireless Keyboard with Touchpad works fine on Raspbian Wheezy and Raspbmc. Wireless USB receiver (device ID 05a4:2000) is recognised automatically. Connected directly to Pi USB port, no powered hub used.
• Perixx
• Periboard 716 Wireless Ultra-Slim Keyboard with Touchpad (Debian 07-Jun-2012 on Production Model B)
• PERIBOARD-502 wired keyboard inc built in touchpad (model B/raspian wheezy)
• Periduo-707 Plus (Wireless Keyboard and Mouse) works fine most of the time. Does suffer from dropouts and glitches though. Usual "drawing too much power from USB" problems show up as well - dropped key presses or constant autorepeats. These can be cured by pulling out and reinserting the dongle in the USB socket. The keyboard sometimes hangs after power on when used with my laptop - it seems to need 30 seconds of non-use before it works fine. Again, remove and insert the dongle cures it. Works fine vi my Benq monitor's USB Hub.
• Philips
• Wired Multimedia Keyboard SPK3700BC/97 (Debian 19-Apr-2012 on Production Model B)
• Rapoo
• Rapoo E9080 Wireless Ultra-Slim Keyboard with Touchpad
• Rapoo Wireless Multi-media Touchpad Keyboard E2700 [18]
• Rapoo Ultra-Slim Wireless Multimedia Keyboard and Mouse E9060 (works proper on powered USB Hub)
• Riitek
• RT-MWK03 mini wireless keyboard & trackpad
• RT-MWK02+ mini bluetooth keyboard & trackpad. Followed instructions from this page: [19] and it worked, connection persists across reboots, no problem with either builtin USB or powered USB hub.
• RT-MWK01 mini wireless 2.4 Ghz Keyboard-mouse Combo, also known as Digicom WKEYPE01, and Prodige Nanox
• Rosewill
• RK-200 Standard Keyboard
• Saitek
• Eclipse II Backlit Keyboard PK02AU (B)
• Eclipse Backlit Keyboard PZ30AV (B) - works fine when connected directly to Pi rev.1 and 2 USB port. No powered hub used.
• Expression Keyboard (US)
• Cyborg V.5 (B)
• SelecLine
• WK11P & WM11P-SP-PP. Keyboard and mouse set. (B)
• SIIG
• SIIG Wireless Multi-Touchpad Mini Keyboard 02-1286A v1.0 (B)
• Silvercrest
• MTS2219 Wireless Keyboard and mouse set. Powered hub NOT used. (B)
• SolidTek
• Solid Tek KB-P3100BU ASK-3100U.
• Sony
• Keyboard for PlayStation 2 (PS2) Linux. Works without powered hub with 5v1A supply, requires manual keyboard remapping with Debian Squeeze to USA 101-key layout.
• SteelSeries
• Merc keyboard (B)
• Sun Microsystems
• Model: Type 7, SUN PN: 320-1348-02 (Danish key layout)
• Model: Type 6, SUN PN: 320-1279-01 (Danish key layout)
• Sweex
• KB060UK Wired Multimedia Keyboard
• Technika
• WKEY03 (B)
• TKD-211
• Tesco
• Value Keyboard VK109 (B)
• Multimedia K211 Wired Keyboard (B)
• Unbranded
• AK-601 Wireless Mini Keyboard and Trackball (with laser pointer) - sourced from eBay Chinese seller
• Unicomp
• USB Endurapro - keyboard and trackpoint work perfectly from powered hub
• Q-Connect
• AK-808 (B)
• Xenta
• 2.4GHz Wireless Multimedia Entertainment Keyboard with Touchpad (B)
• Mini Multimedia Keyboard (Model no.: 808M) (B)
Problem USB Keyboards
Note that generally PS/2 keyboards with an USB adapter will not work directly on a PI port, due to the fact that PS/2 keyboards are designed for normal 5V +-5% range, while USB keyboards must be designed to work with 4.4 Volt, and generally USB devices on the PI may receive less than 4.75 Volt. PS/2 + USB adapter keyboards might work behind a powered hub, which does provide the full 5.0V. Some of these keyboards work when running the latest raspbian but not when using the overclocked xbmc version of raspbmc, probably due to the overclocking drawing more voltage away from the rest of the support system devices.
• A4 Tech
• Model GL-6 USB Keyboard, 20mA. Part of wireless keyboard/mouse bundle GL-6630 (GL-6 + G7-630 + RN-10B) - suffers from USB flakeyness. Even on a powered hub. No problems on other computers I have tested it with.
• Accuratus
• Accuratus KYBAC100-101USBBLK causes kernel panic (rated 100mA). Tested with 1000mA cheap unbranded and Nokia 1200mA power adaptors.
• Apple
• Argos
• Argos Value Wired Keyboard causes kernel panic
• Choidy
• Identifiers from usb-devices: Vendor=1a2c ProdID=0002 Rev=01.10 Product=USB Keykoard (yes, 'Keykoard') causes kernel panic
• Cit
• KB-1807UB Causes kernel panic (Rated <200ma)
• Dell
• SK-8135 (B) (Rated 1.5A. Takes too much power from pi even when not used as USB hub. Symptom = repeated keystrokes)
• SK-8115 causes kernel panic (rated 100mA) Debian 6-19-04-2012 (B)
• Y-U0003-DEL5 Sticky / Non-responsive keys
• Gear Head
• KB2300U - Causes kernel panic (B)
• GMYLE
• Wired USB Slim Chocolate Multimedia Media Typing Keyboard With 3 USB Port hub (B) - Kernel Panic on startup if plugged in. If plugged in at login prompt then freeze. [20]
• Inland
• Inland USB Keyboard Model #70010
• Jeway
• JK-8170 "The Hunter" - causes kernel oops (Debian6-19-04-2012) (B)
• Labtec
• ultra-flat wireless desktop USB - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. Tested both debian6-19-04-2012 and archlinuxarm-13-06-2012 (B)
• Logik
• Wired Multimedia Keyboard Model: LKBWMM11 - causes kernel panic (on Debian 190412 distro) (B)
• Wired Ultra Slim Keyboard Model: LKBWSL11 - causes USB power issues. Not reliable. Causes other USB devices to fail (B) >> This is also listed under Working USB Keyboards??
• Logitech
• Logitech Illuminated Keyboard (unstable; not working with led light on; tested both US and NO layouts with both Apple iPad 2 and Asus TF-101 USB chargers)
• G110 Gaming Keyboard - only works with illumination off, otherwise unresponsive. Once failed it needs reconnecting before another attempt. (B)
• G15 Gaming Keyboard - LCD and key backlights flicker, 95% unresponsive to typing. I don't know of a way to turn the illumination off. (B)
• K360 Wireless Keyboard - Occasional sticky keys. (B)
• K400 wireless keyboard with touchpad (completely non-functional on debian6-19-04-2012)
• G510 Gaming Keyboard - lagging or unresponsive keys.
• MX5500 wireless keyboard and mouse with usb bluetooth reciever - Unstable, looses connection without prior notice
• EX100 Cordless Desktop, wireless keyboard and mouse. Mouse and keyboard hangs every few minutes (with or without hub).
• Microsoft
• Wireless Desktop 800 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Wireless Entertainment Keyboard - No key input recognized (possibly connectivity issue as pairing devices does not seem to work)
• Wireless Optical Desktop 1000 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys (B)
• Wireless Keyboard 2000 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Wireless Desktop 3000 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys.
• Arc wireless - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Sidewinder X4 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Sidewinder X6 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Wireless Comfort Keyboard 5000 - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B)
• Razer Reclusa - Keyboard has 'sticky' keys. (B rev 2.0)
• Novatech
• NOV-KEY2 - Causes kernel panic (B)[2]
• PC World Essentials
• PKBW11 Wired Keyboard - no power to keyboard, no error messages on both Arch 29-04-2012 and Debian6-19-04-2012, same Pi works with Asda keyboard. Me too, but caused a kernel panic -- tested on powered hub and direct.
• Razer
• Razer Tarantula gaming keyboard - sticky keys, could be power issue as is programmable with host powered USB hub and audio jacks.
• Razer BlackWidow - Sticky keys, could be a power related issue due to illuminated logo (Blue LED).
• SIIG
• Wireless Ultra Slim Multimedia Mini Keyboard JK-WR0612-S1 - Unresponsive and sticky keys.
• Texet
• MB-768B standard keyboard (Rated 5V 1.5A(!), so probably too much power drain. Kernel panic, Debian6-19-04-2012)
• Trust
• TRUST GXT 18 Gaming Keyboard - No power to keyboard, could be a driver issue - no error messages.
• Unbranded
• Compuparts
• model no. HK-6106 (B) [3]
• LK-890 (Multimedia keyboard & Optical Mouse) - kernel panic on Debian Squeeze, ArchLinux and Qtonpi.
• Verbatim
• Wilkinsons / TEXET
• Model MB-768B causes kernel panic on debian6-19-04-2012.
• Xenta
• HK-6106 - causes kernel panic (on Debian 190412 distro)(B)
• Multimedia Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Set (Keyboard Model: HK3518B + Mouse Model HM3301) (B) - occasional sticky keys, and occasional complete lock-up
USB Mouse devices
USB mouse devices that present themselves as a standard HID (Human Interface Device) device should work, however some hardware requires special drivers or additional software, usually only compatible with Windows operating systems.
Working USB Mouse Devices
The following is a list of specific mouse devices known to work and which appear to be fault-free.
• A4Tech
• OP-530NU Padless Wired Mouse
• Asda
• HM5058 (Smart Price) Wired Mouse
• Wireless Multimedia Deskset (keyboard, mouse and USB dongle) Model: HKM8016B (Note: Shown on Asda Website as HK8016B) (B)
• ASUS
• MS-511U (comes with Asus Vento KM-63 keyboard/mouse combo) (B)
• MG-0919 (wireless)
• Belkin
• F8E882-OPT (B)
• Dell
• M-UVDEL1 (B)
• M056U0A (B)
• DZL-MS111-L (B) (100mA)
• MS-111P (100mA)
• Bluetooth Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Bundle (B), Bluetooth USB dongle C-UV35 (Rated 500mA but works great), Keyboard Y-RAQ-DEL2, Mouse M-RBB-DEL4
• Dynex
• DX-WMSE (100mA) (B)
• Fellowes
• 99928 USB Micro Track Ball (works without a hub, directly plugged in) (B)
• Filand
• OP-102i Mini Optical Mouse
• Genius
• GM-04003A (B)
• Slimstar 8000 wireless mouse (Can be intermitent. Mouse pointer sometimes is irratic.)
• Traveler 515 Laser
• HP
• MN-UAE96 (The basic stock HP wired mouse)(B)
• iConcepts
• 2.4GHz Wireless Keyboard and Optical Mouse Model 62550
• (saves a USB port since keyboard and mouse share one transceiver, $14.99 at Fry's Electronics)
• Jenkins
• Jenkins Wireless Desktop Set Blue (B)
• Kensington
• Kensington Expert Mouse Trackball K64325
• Kensington Expert Mouse "Slimblade" K72327US
• Labtec
• Corded Laser Glow Mouse 1600, rated 5V 100mA (P/N 810-000819, M/N M-UAZ149, PID GT83401)
• Lenovo
• Wired Optical Mouse Model: MO28UOL
• Logik
• Wired Optical Glow Mouse Model: LGGMO10. (B)
• Logitech
• B105 Mouse for Laptops (OEM)
• Cordless Pilot Optical Mouse M/N M-RR95 with Cordless Mouse Receiver M/N C-BA4-MSE
• G5 Logitech Gaming Mouse (B)
• G5v2 Logitech Gaming Mouse (B)
• G500 Logitech Gaming Mouse (B)
• G700 Logitech Wireless Gaming Mouse (B)
• LX-700 Cordless Desktop Receiver (B)
• LX 710 Wireless Mouse - works fine with receiver plugged directly into RPi (accompanying keyboard works fine too).
• M90 optical mouse
• M185 Wireless Mouse (B)
• M210 (part of the MK260 set) (B)
• M305 Wireless Mouse
• M310 Cordless Mouse
• M325 Wireless Mouse
• M505 USB wireless laser, model no: 910-001324 (B)
• M510 Wireless Mouse (B)
• M705 Marathon Mouse (Unifying receiver, no powered hub) (B)
• M-BD58 Wheel Mouse (B)
• M-BJ58/M-BJ69 Optical Wheel Mouse (B)
• M-BJ79 (B)
• M-BT96a Optical Mouse
• MX320/MX400 laser mouse (B)
• MX518 Optical wheel mouse (B)
• Optical USB Mouse (M/N 931643-0403)
• Performance Mouse MX (B)
• MX Revolution (B) (Debian "Wheezy" beta 18-June-2012)
• VX Nano Cordless Laser Mouse for Notebooks
• Wheel Mouse (M/N BJ58)
• Medion
• Mini mouse Model M101-CBJ P/N 40016632 S/N 7BFSA00003445 rated 5v 100ms Works fb on model B with raspian wheezy
• Microsoft
• Comfort Curve Mouse 3000 for Business
• Comfort Mouse 6000 (works when directly connected to Pi (B). Does not work when connected through USB Hub (mouse pointer intermittent).
• Compact optical mouse 500 V2.0 (B)
• Wheel Optical Mouse (wheel and additional buttons not tested) (B)
• Microsoft Intellimouse Optical Mouse
• Microsoft Wireless Laser Mouse 8000
• Microsoft Wireless Mobile Mouse 1000
• Microsoft Wireless Mobile Mouse 3500
• Microsoft Wireless Mobile Mouse 4000
• Microsoft Wireless Mouse 700 v2.0
• Microsoft Comfort Mouse 4500
• Wireless IntelliMouse Explorer 2.0 (unifying receiver, no hub)
• Razer
• Boomslang Collectors Edition 2007 (B)
• Rosewill
• Rosewill RM-C2U
• Saitek
• Notebook Optical Mouse (PM46)
• Samsung
• Samsung model:AA-SM3PCPB usb Optical Mouse (draws 50mA)
• Sun microsystems
• Model: FID-638 , SunPN: 371-0788-01
• Swiftpoint
• [21] Swiftpoint Mini Wireless Optical Mouse. Does not require any special drivers. Haven't confirmed if charging the mouse requires a powered USB hub or not.
• Targus
• AMU2701EUK (B)
• Technika
• TKOPTM2 (B)
• TKD-211
• Tesco
• Wired optical mouse M211 (B)
• Verbatiam
• Mini Nano Optical Mouse 97470 (wireless on non-powered 3 usb dongle hub) (B)
• Generic
• Generic 2.4GHz Wireless Mouse (ID 040b:2013 Weltrend Semiconductor) (B)
Problem USB Mouse Devices
The following is a list of specific mouse devices that have problems working with the Raspberry Pi
• A4Tech
• Model G7-630 Wireless Mouse, 20mA. Part of wireless keyboard/mouse bundle GL-6630 (GL-6 + G7-630 + RN-10B) - suffers from USB flakeyness. Even on a powered hub. No problems on other computers I have tested it with.
• HP
• HP Retractable Mobile Mouse (Optical) HP Product Number XP472AA - errors / boot loop RASPBMC (B)removed mouse, started with no further errors.
• Logik
• Logik IMF Blue Trace Wired USB mouse (Model LMWBLU11) - disconnects from the USB port every 20 seconds when using the Raspian distro. Always reconnects to the USB port successfully (B)
• Logitech
• Logitech G400 Gaming Mouse - 100% CPU load and laggy mouse cursor when the mouse is moved. MX518 works fine on the same setup, so I suspect it's a polling rate issue. this says the mouse is 1000Hz out of the box, whereas the 518 is only 125Hz. Solution found: add usbhid.mousepoll=8 to the kernel commandline.
• Microsoft
• Microsoft Touch Mouse - Does not see right clicks, Only left.
• Razer
• Naga Wired USB mouse - the mouse seems to present itself as a keyboard because the numpad on the left-hand side of the device works but the cursor doesn't move.
• Roccat
• Kone[+] Wired USB mouse - Nothing happens when moving the mouse, haven't looked further into the issue (B)
• Trust
• Optical USB Mouse MI-2250 - Nothing happens when moving the mouse (B)
• Xenta
• Multimedia Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Set (Mouse Model: HM-3301) (B) - frequent lost connection giving stuttering mouse cursor indicating USB current not enough for dongle
USB Real Time Clocks
• Cymbet
• Cymbet CBC-EVAL-06 USB Real Time Clock (FT2232 to SPI to RV-2123)
Device information at http://www.cymbet.com/pdfs/DS-72-22.pdf Code to access the RTC from Linux: https://github.com/owendelong/Cymbet-RTC Does not require a powered hub.
USB WiFi Adapters
See also: http://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-44703/l/raspberry-pi-wifi-adapter-testing
There is a howto on installing the TL-WN722N adapter here, which also acts as a guide for installing others too.
Working USB Wifi Adapters
These adapters are known to work on the Raspberry Pi. This list is not exhaustive, other adapters may well work, but have not yet been tried.
Note: A WiFi adapter will probably need more power than the Raspberry Pi USB port can provide, especially if there is a large distance from the WiFi adapter to the WiFi Access Point. Therefore, you may need to plug the WiFi adapter into a powered USB hub.
• 3COM
• 3CRUSB10075: ZyDAS zd1211rw chipset (!)
• 7DayShop
• W-3S01BLK, W-3S01BLKTWIN : Unbranded product available from 7DayShop, in a single or twin pack. [22], [23]. Tested on Debian Wheezy, with the dongle attached directly to the RPi along with the wireless keyboard receiver. Shows up as a Ralink RT5370 device, and no drivers or additional software downloads required. Created wpa.conf, edited 'interfaces' file and restarted the networking. The manufacturer portion of the MAC address (7cdd90) is assigned to "Shenzhen Ogemray Technology Co., Ltd."
• It works without additional software connected directly to a Rev 2 Pi but stops working after a period of time (3 to 4 hours) with a fully updated Wheezy and all the 'USB workarounds' [24] in place.
• Alfa
• AWUS036NEH: Tested on Debian Squeeze (with Ralink firmware package)
• AWUS036NH: Tested on Arch Linux ARM using the rt2800usb module.
• AWUS036NH: Tested on Debian Wheezy (with Ralink firmware package). Tested on Raspbian too (drivers from aircrack-ng).
• AWUS036H (500mW version): Tested on Raspbian (drivers from aircrack-ng).
• AWUS036H (1W version): Tested on Raspbian (drivers from aircrack-ng). Needs USB powered HUB or Rev2 of the board / polyfuse bypass.
• AWUS036NHA: Tested on Raspbian (drivers from aircrack-ng). Works fine if connected after boot, otherwise Raspberry Pi won't boot up.
• AirLink101
• AWLL5088: Tested on Debian Wheezy. This adapter is based on the OEM Edimax EW-7811Un. For automatic installation, See MrEngmanns script listed below under the Edimax device.
• Asus
• USB-N10 USB ID 0b05:1786, r8712u staging driver, included on Fedora Remix & Arch, must download for Debian and install firmware-realtek from non-free squeeze repo (B) (not needed with latest Raspbian “wheezy” 2012-07-15: this Asus works N10 out of the box) Does not support nl80211 APIS, so hostapd won't work.
• USB-N13 USB ID 0b05:17ab, works with Adafruit Occidentalis v0.1 image as it includes kernel with 8192u driver built-in (B)
• WL-167G v1 USB ID 0b05:1706, Ralink RT2571 working out-of-the-box on Debian image from 2012-04-19. Requires powered hub, otherwise it is detected by OS but will not function.
• WL-167G v3 USB ID 0b05:1791, working out-of-the-box on Linux raspberrypi 3.2.27+ #160 PREEMPT Mon Sep 17. Does not require powered hub.
• AusPi Technologies
• AusPi Wireless Adapter [Realtek RTL8188S]. Works without a powered HUB. Tested on OpenELEC (works OOB), RaspBMC (works OOB), XBian (works OOB) and 2012-08-08 Raspbian Wheezy (works OOB). Distributed in Australia by Buy Raspberry Pi Australia.
• Belkin
• Belkin Components F5D7050 Wireless G Adapter v3000 [Ralink RT2571W]. On Debian requires the firmware-ralink package from the non-free repository. The usbcore module needs to be added to /etc/modules install instructions.
• Belkin Components F5D8053 ver.6001 Wireless N Adapter [Realtek RTL8188SU]. Tested on OpenELEC (works OOB), RaspBMC (works OOB), Raspian - 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian (followed instructions here) Powered hub required!
• Belkin Components F5D8053 ver.6001 Wireless N Adapter [Realtek RTL8188SU]. Works on RaspBMC OOB (with NetworkManager plugin). Works WITHOUT powered hub on 5v 800mA power with 6 overvolt (nothing else connected to USB)
• Belkin Components F7D1101 v1 Basic Wireless Adapter [Realtek RTL8188SU] USB ID 050d:945a, r8712u staging driver, included on Fedora Remix & Arch, must download for Debian and install firmware-realtek from non-free squeeze repo (B)
• Belkin Components F6D4050 V1 [Realtek RT3070] USB ID: 050d:935a Driver: RT3572STA(recommended),RT2800USB,RT2870STA. Tested under Arch using this guide.
• Belkin Components F6D4050 V1/V2 [Realtek RT3070] USB ID: 050d:935a / 935b Driver: RT3572STA. Tested with Raspbian - See installation instructions - Powered hub not required!
• Belkin Components F7D2102 "N300" Micro Wireless USB adapter. Tested with Occidentalis 0.1. Tested and working on Rasbian wheezy (and RaspBMC), driver RTL8192CU, no powered hub needed (dongle directly attached to the onboard ports)
• Belkin Components F9L1001v1 "N150" Wireless USB Adapter. Tested and working on Rasbian wheezy WITHOUT powered hub.
• Belkin Surf Micro WLAN USB-Adapter (Raspbian Wheezy, unpowered hub, "N150")
• BlueProton
• BT3 USB ID: 0bda:8187; tested on Debian, Fedora & Arch; rtl8187 driver (B)
• Buffalo
• USB ID: 0411:01A2 WLI-UC-GNM - Tested on Raspbmc; rt2800usb driver
• Conceptronic
• C300RU. Works out of the box in Raspbian. Causes reboot when plugging on a live Rev. 2 RPi
• DIGICOM
• USBWAVE54 [chipset Zydas ZD1211] . [[25]] Works out of the box in OpenELEC. With Raspbian or Debian squeezy/wheezy works with zd1211-firmware .
• USBWAVE300C [chipset Ralink 2870] . [[26]] Works out of the box in OpenELEC. With Raspbian or Debian squeezy/wheezy works with firmware-ralink .
• D-Link
• AirPlus G DWL-G122 (rev. E). USB ID 07d1:3c0f, Ralink RT2870. On Debian requires the firmware-ralink package from the squeeze-firmware non-free repository. (However I experience total crashes on raspbian 2012-07-15 after a few minutes of load on the wlan. Will have to investigate via serial console.)
• AirPlus G DWL-G122 (rev. C). USB ID 07d1:3c03, Ralink RT2571. Working out-of-the-box on Arch image from 2012-04-29.
• AirPlus G DWL-G122 (rev. B1). USB ID 2001:3c00, Ralink RT2571. Working out-of-the-box on Arch image from 2012-06-13.
• DWA-110 (Version A1). Requires the ralink package from the non-free repository on Debian.
• DWA-121 (Version A1). Wireless N 150 Pico. Works out-of-the-box with Raspian Wheezy (2012-09-18)
• DWA-123 (Version A1). USB ID 2001:3c17, Ralink RT2800. Working out-of-the-box on Arch image from 2012-04-29. (working without UBS Hub - not yet sure if it achieves full speed though.)
• DWA-131 USB ID 07d1:3303,Realtek RTL8192SU, 802.11n Wireless N Nano. Works out of the box on Raspbian “wheezy”. Verified with direct USB : no powered USB hub needed. Also verified when Nano used in powered USB hub. Someone had trouble configuring SSID/Passphrase in etc/network/interfaces file. But no problem & very easy to configure using wicd : wicd is a gui interface on LXDE for network configuration. Install it using command-line : apt-get install wicd. Once configured ith wicd to auto-run on boot, no need to turn back to LXDE. Recommended.
• DWA-140 (Version B1). USB ID 07d1:3c09, Ralink RT2870. On Debian requires the firmware-ralink package from the squeeze-firmware non-free repository.
• DWA-140 (Version B2). USB ID 07d1:3c0a, Ralink RT3072. Workaround for faulty firmware binary: Place file rt2870.bin from linux-firmware_1.53.tar.gz in /lib/firmware. Explanation.
• DWA-160 (Version B1). USB ID 07d1:3c11, Ralink RT2870. On Debian requires the firmware-ralink package from the squeeze-firmware non-free repository.
• DWA-160 (Version A2). USB ID 07d1:3a09, Atheros AR9170. (NOTE: I can only get it to work through powered USB hub) requires carl9170-fw firmware [27]
• Edimax
• EW-7811Un USB ID 7392:7811, RTL8192CU, driver blob download via Element14, works with WPA2-AES-CCMP (howto) (B) - Alternative driver download link that works with Raspian. Note: With current raspbian (2012-09-18-wheezy) it is recognized immediately, the default module works fine; the configuration is easy using wireless-essid and wireless-key in /etc/network/interfaces.
• The EW-7811Un can be powered directly from the Raspberry Pi if the Raspberry Pi is powered using a well regulated power supply.
• A script-based installation for the EW-7811Un by MrEngman can be found on the RasPi forums. Tested with Debian Squeeze and Raspbian. An installation guide can be found here.
• Instructions for getting the EW-7811Un working in Raspbmc (tested RC3) can be found here.
• Simple step-by-step instructions for EW-7811Un which uses the RTL8192 chipset RPi_edimax_EW-7811Un(B)
• EW-7318USg USB ID 148f:2573, rt73usb. RT2573 chipset. Works with powered usb-hub or shorted polyfuses.
• EW-7711UAn, Ralink RT2870, works perfectly on Arch with a powered hub (not tested without yet). Simply required wireless_tools and wpa_supplicant, the drivers/firmware are included in kernel 3.0. I followed the Arch Wireless Setup instructions.
• edup nano EP-N8508 Use method shown here for debian. Requires powered USB hub for adequate power. When directly powered by Pi, it fails after a few minutes. (B) Unusable with analog audio because when data is being send or recieved the audio get disorted.
• Eminent
• EM4575 - rt2800usb driver.
• EnGenius
• EUB9603 EXT - Realtek r8712u driver
• Gigabyte
• Gigabyte GN-WB32L 802.11n USB WLAN Card. Works with the rt2800usb driver.
• GMYLE
• Wireless 11n USB Adapter. Uses RTL8188CUS chipset - cheap on eBay. Installs and works using the install-rtl8188cus-latest.sh script.
• IOGear
• GWU625 USB ID 0bda:8172, r8712u staging driver, included on Fedora Remix & Arch, must download for Debian Squeeze and install firmware-realtek from non-free squeeze repo. No need to download firmware when using Debian Wheezy (B)
• Linksys
• Linksys (Cisco) WUSB100 ver.2 1737:0078, tested on raspbian; follow Brucalipto.org instructions; not stress tested but works without issues for light network load.
• Linksys (Cisco) WUSB600N, test on raspbian, details here
• Linksys WUSB54GC (manufactured 07/2008) No issues! needs powered hub on version 1.0 boards.
• LogiLink
• Wireless LAN USB 2.0 Nano Adapter 802.11n LogiLink [28] is working even usb powered.
• Micronet
• Micronet SP907NS, 11N Wireless LAN USB Adapter (uses Realtek RTL8188CUS) works plugged directly into R-Pi USB (B) Debian installation instructions IMPORTANT: read the instructions first to avoid problems, and Auto-install script. The script has been used to install other adapters using the RTL8188CUS chip. Updated driver that handles the latest rpi-updates that kill the original driver, download for manual installation, automatically installed by the Auto-install script.
• MSI
• 0db0:6861 MSI-6861 802.11g WiFi adapter (US54G): works with external powered USB hub, requires firmware from here, power management must be disabled: iwconfig wlan0 power off
• Mvix
• Mvix Nubbin (MS-811N): works out of the box on Raspbian "wheezy" and does not need a powered USB hub.
• Netgear
• N150: Reported as WNA1100 device, uses the Atheros ar9271 chipset. On Debian, requires the firmware-atheros package from the squeeze-backports non-free repository (!)
• N150: Some versions reported as Realtek RTL8188CUS device. Read Micronet entry above and use RTL8188CUS script for installation. Works best plugged into powered USB hub.
• WG111v1: Prism54 chipset. Needs powered hub. Follow info for Prism54 chipset on Debian wiki.
• WG111v2: Realtek rtl8187 chipset (!)
• OvisLink
• Evo-W300USB: USB ID 148f:2270 Ralink Technology RT2770. apt-get install firmware-ralink
• Patriot Memory
• PCUSBW1150 Wireless 11N USB adapter (uses Realtek RTL8188CUS) Install using Micronet script. Works only through powered usb hub.
• PCBOWAU2-N Wireless 11N USB adapter (uses Realtek RTL8191SU chip) Installed using r8712u Kernel module
• Ralink
• inner 02 joggler wifi usb RT2770F USB-ID 148f:2770 (firmware-ralink required) (only got dhcp on powered hub)
• RT2070 USB-ID 148f:2070 firmware is already loaded into Raspbian. For Debian, the firmware must be installed (instructions). Needs a powered USB hub.
• RT2501/RT2573 USB-ID 148f:2573 (firmware-ralink required) (B)
• RT5370 USB-ID 148f:5370 (requires firmware-ralink from wheezy) RPi_Ralink_WLAN_devices(B). An image of an adapter with this chip can be found here.
• Rosewill
• RNX-N180UBE Wireless B/G/N Adapter
• Realtek RTL8191SU chipset, USB-ID 0bda:8172
• Tested in Arch, works out of box. Powered USB hub required.
• Tested in Raspbian, used wicd to configure network settings. Powered USB hub Required.
• Tested in Raspbmc. Needs package firmware-realtek and used wicd-curses to configure. Powered USB hub required
• RNX-G1 Wireless B/G Adapter
• Realtek RTL8187 chipset, USB-ID 0bda:8187
• Tested in Arch, works out of box. USB hub required.
• RNX-MiniN1 (RWLD-110001) Wireless-N 2.0 Dongle (Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN Adapter)
• Tested in Raspbian, powered from USB hub.
• Sagem
• Sagem Wireless USB stick XG-760N : USB ID 079b:0062, Module is not shipped in Debian image, but can be "sudo apt-get install zd1211-firmware"
• SMC
• SMCWUSBS-N : Hardware detected as rt2800 but missing firmware; "sudo apt-get install firmware-ralink" fixed it
• SMCWUSB-G : Gives "couldn't load firmware" error. "sudo apt-get install zd1211-firmware" fixes it.
• Sony
• Sony UWA-BR100 802.11abgn Wireless Adapter [Atheros AR7010+AR9280] (Vendor ID: 0411, Product ID: 017f) - Tested with Raspbian. Needs package firmware-atheros.(B)
• Tenda
• USB 11n adapter on a G network: Ralink 2870/3070 driver (!)
• Tenda W311U Mini 11N Wireless USB Adapter (USB-ID 148f:3070): Ralink 2870/3070 driver; needs powered hub. Debian installation instructions
• Tenda W311U+ Wireless USB Adapter - Tested with Raspian.
• TP-Link
• TL-WN422G v2 (ath9k_htc) Works OOTB in Debian Wheezy Beta. Runs without powered Hub when plugged into running RasPi, but the RasPi won't boot while the stick is plugged in.
• TL-WN721N (ath9k_htc device with htc_9271.fw file from http://linuxwireless.org/download/htc_fw/1.3/htc_9271.fw); needs powered USB Hub (B) | works OOTB with wheezy raspbian (2012-08-16) connected directly to raspberry pi (B) and AP functionality tested with hostapd.
• TL-WN722N (ath9k_htc device with htc_9271.fw file from http://linuxwireless.org/download/htc_fw/1.3/htc_9271.fw); needs powered USB Hub (B)
• TL-WN723N (RTL8188SU); works OOTB with raspbian 2012-09-17, (B) stable with 1A PSU and without powered USB hub on r2.0.
• TL-WN821N v3 (ath9k_htc, htc_7010.fw); works out of the box on ArchLinuxARM and on OpenElec (>r11211), Problems with prior OpenElec; needs powered USB Hub (B)
• ZyXEL
• NWD2105 USB ID: 0586:341e, RT3070 chipset, rt2800usb driver (B)
Problem USB Wifi Adapters
These adapters were tested and found to have issues the Raspberry Pi. Note [29] as a possible solution/explanation for errors while running LXDE.
• Alfa
• AWUS036NHA (Vendor ID: 0cf3, Product ID: 9271) - Tested with Raspbian. Works fine if connected after boot. Kills boot process if previously attached. Details here.
• EDIMAX
• EW-7811Un (Vendor ID: 7397, Product ID: 7811) - Reports as containing the Realtek RTL8188CUS chipset listed below, no lockup or kernal oops under wheezy but dmesg reports constant timeouts trying to initialize the module.
• Linksys
• WUSB300N (Vendor ID: 13B1, Product ID: 0029) - Tested with Raspbian, OpenELEC, among others. No Linux chipset support for Marvell 88W8362 at all.
• LogiLink
• WL0085 tested under debian (squeeze, wheezy, raspbian); no stable connection can be established. This gets even worse when X is running.
• MicroNEXT
• MN-WD152B (Debian image) modprobe hangs when plugged in, lsusb hangs. udevd errors in the logs. [30] [31]
• Possible fix: try the new Adafruit Occidentalis v0.1 image (based on Raspbian Wheezy) as it includes the needed 8192cu driver builtin to the kernel
• Realtek
• RTL8188CUS USB-ID 0bda:8176, kernel oops in dmesg and freeze when pulled from USB. (B)
• Trendnet
• TEW-424UB USB ID: 0bda:8189; tested on Debian, Fedora & Arch; rtl8187 driver; errors with LXDE running (B)
• TP-Link
• TL-WN821N USB ID: 0cf3:7015; tested on Debian; requires htc_7010.fw firmware; ath9k_htc driver; errors with LXDE running (B)
• TL-WN723N USB ID: 0bda:8176; tested on Arch without a powered hub; it seems to draw too much current.
USB Bluetooth adapters
Working Bluetooth adapters
• Asus USBIA-EG (paired with Asus Blutooth Keyboard/Media Center Remote
• Verified works error-free in Multiple Distros (Openelec, Raspbian, RaspBMC, Xbian) Latest builds eliminate text echo problems.
• Cambridge Silicon Radio, Ltd Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) - (USB ID 0a12:0001)
• Example of above is; TOPDIGI UA01 Bluetooth USB Dongle Plug and Play (install bluez package from std repos)
• Tesco own brand 'Technika' Nano Bluetooth Adaptor has the Cambridge Silicon Radio chipset and works fine, cost £5.97 at time of posting.
• Hama USB Bluetooth 3.0 adapter (Class 1) ~£10 on amazon.co.uk.
• Another sample: Product ID: 0a12:0001, pictured here: http://www.element14.com/community/message/58288
• RiiTek RT-MWK02+ - comes with a usb bluetooth adapter that works perfectly for both the RiiTek mini bluetooth keyboard/mouse and other bluetooth devices. Tested both on builtin USB and on powered USB hub. There are other RiiTek bluetooth (and non-bluetooth wireless) devices on the working list. Bluetooth adapter shows up in lsusb as "0a12:0001 Cambridge Silicon Radio" - this is notable as most other sources of this chipset do not seem to be available in the US.
• D-Link DBT-122, with ID 07d1:f101, using a Broadcom chip
• IOGear GBU321 (Broadcom BCM2045 Chipset)
• Works with Raspbian Wheezy directly attached to Pi and via powered USB hub.
• Trust BT-2400p
• Working well with Raspbian Wheezy directly attached to Pi. Using with sma-bluetooth (SMA Solar Inverter reading software).
Problem Bluetooth adapters
• Belkin
• Belkin F8T017. Tested with Raspbian 2012-07-15 and bluez installed with apt-get. When dongle is inserted into Pluscom powered USB hub, my remote PuTTY session scrolls incredibly slowly (testing with ls -R to generate text). Suspect network issue. Lots of errors on dmesg too. Pi itself is responsive when using directly. On removal of the device everything goes back to normal.
• Generic
• Bluetooth "3.0" Dongle. Doesn't work reliably - eg. after some time it will hang and the device will need to be reset using fcntl. The device id is 1131:1004 Integrated System Solution Corp. Bluetooth Device.
• Asus USB-BT211
USB Ethernet adapters
Working Ethernet adapters
• Wintech
• USB 2.0 LanCard Model: LAU-15 (CK0049C) using the mcs7830 driver. Probably needs more than 100 mA current. [32]
• LogiLink
• USB 2.0 UA0144: AX88772 chipset using the asix kernel driver. Tested only on powered USB hub so far.
• LogiLink Fast EN USB 2.0 to RJ45 Adapter: Test on wheezy-Raspian (2012-08-16) without USB Hub will be confirmed
lsusb output: Bus 001 Device 004: ID 9710:7830 MosChip Semiconductor MCS7830 10/100 Mbps Ethernet adapter
• Apple
• Apple USB Ethernet Adapter using asix kernel driver. Works out of the box on Raspbian, haven't tested on any other OS.
• Edimax
• Edimax EU-4230 USB2.0 Fast Ethernet Adapter with 3 port USB hub. Works out of the box. Needs its own power source.
• A-Link
• A-Link NA1GU Gigabit USB 2.0 ethernet adapter
This adapter works, but (probably) requires a bit of work. The driver for the chipset (Asix AX88178) included with the Raspbian kernel (v 3.1.9+ Aug 7 2012) does not work. With that driver the device is detected, but it does not seem to be possible to actually put any traffic through it. :-( In order to make it work you need to download the latest driver from the chipset manufacturer. The version I used was "Linux kernel 3.x/2.6.x Driver" v4.4.0, released 2012-05-18. Fortunately this is GNU GPLv2 -licenced source code and not a binary blob, so compiling it for the Raspberry Pi is perfectly doable. The hardest part was in fact getting the Linux source code required, because the repositores contained the source for the wrong kernel version. >:-( Fortunately there is a very useful guide for how to get the sources from github, and preparing that source so that you can compile modules. Unfortunately you will have to compile the kernel (even if you don't actually install it) - which will take the better part of the day on the Raspberry, but once that's done you can unpack the driver source and just run "make && sudo make install". Reboot and you should have a fully working ethernet adapter.
The adapter seems to work without a powered USB hub, but according to the specifications it can draw up to 190 mA, so there might be stability issues if additional power is not provided.
Problem Ethernet adapters
• Axago
• Axago ADE-X1 10/100 Ethernet Adapter (usb: 9710:7830 driver:mcs7830). Adapter working about 10 minutes without problem, but after that kernel write error message to dmesg and no packet is received. Needed to unplug and plug USB again. Tested with and without powered USB hub.
USB Sound Cards
You will usually want the alsa package for sound. In the Debian image for Raspberry Pi (and possibly other distributions) USB sound cards are prevented from loading as the first sound card, which can be an annoyance if it's the only device you have. To disable this behaviour edit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf and comment out the last line; options snd-usb-audio index=-2 . If you are not user pi you may need to add your username to the audio group thus: sudo adduser yourusername audio (user pi usually belongs to this group anyway).
USB 3G Dongles
• Huawei E173
• Huawei E220
• Huawei E160 (AT commands only)
• Franklin U600 from Sprint / VirginMobile
• Use usb_modeswitch and vendor 0x1fac and product 0x0150/0x0151
• Digicom Internet Key 7.2 HSUPA MU372-L01 [33]
Tested on Raspbian and Archlinux. Detected as 230d:0001. Works with cdc_acm driver. Install usb_modeswitch. There are 2 "com ports"( /dev/ttyACM0 and /dev/ttyACM1 ) . Tested with Network Manager.Works also perfectly with SAKYS3G [34] tools (!! led is always off !!) and wvdial. A working wvdial.conf : http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=10361881&postcount=28 . (for example for Vodafone IT , replace Init3 with this : Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","web.omnitel.it" and replace line Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0 with Modem = /dev/ttyACM1 ) and run with wvdial voda .
USB IR Receivers
SMK Manufacturing, Inc. eHome Infrared Receiver (Works out of the box with OpenELEC)
USB Radio devices
• FM Radio
• ADS InstantFM Music - FM radio tuner works fine under debian.
USB TV Tuners and DVB devices
• August
• DVB-T205, based on rtl2832u chipset, working with this driver. Tested with Saorview (Irish DTT service), both HD & SD.
• DVBSky
• Mystique SaTiX-S2 Sky USB: Scanning/watching SD and HD works via vdr and streamdev plugin, watching on the Pi directly is laggy as hell. DVB-USB and I2C support must be enabled in the kernel. Needs drivers/firmware from here.
• Hauppauge
• Hauppauge NOVA-T Stick (Revision 70xxx) DiBcom DiB0700 chipset, requires powered hub.
• Hauppauge NOVA-TD Stick (Revision 52xxx) DiBcom DiB0700 chipset, requires powered hub.
• Hauppauge WinTV-HVR-1950 (tested analog tuner with omxplayer)
• Hauppauge WinTV-HVR-950Q (tested Digital OTA with TVHeadend in Raspbian)
• K-World
• K-World UB499-2T Dual DVB-T USB Tuner. IT9137 chipset. With no other USB devices connected Pi can just about power this stick. IR and supplied remote work with XBMC.
• Technisat
• Generic
USB Webcams
Debian image is missing v4l kernel modules, so video devices are not available. Kernel and firmware upgrade can possibly be used to fix this[35].
Working USB Webcams
• Creative
• Creative VF0470 Live! (works out of the box on ArchLinux)
• Creative VF0260 Live! Cam Vista IM (works out of the box)
• Creative VF0640 Live! Cam Socialize (works on Raspbian at 320x240 resolution, 15fps)
• Webcam Notebook PD1170 (detects, untested)
• HP
• Webcam HD-2200 (Amazon) (HP) (Walmart)
• Webcam HP-3100 - UVCVideo /dev/video0 Needs chmod to 666 to operate. Will work without hub if only device in USB ports. Works with both Arch and wheezy out of the box
• Logitech
• Webcam C100 Model Number V-U0013 (works fine without powered hub - Tested on 2012-08-16-wheezy-raspbian image - motion detection was good - video streaming was really slow might be unusable)
• Webcam C200
• Webcam C270 (with external power)
• Webcam C310 does not require a powered hub to capture snapshots
• Webcam C510
• Webcam C525 (works fine without powered hub)
• HD Webcam C615 (works fine without powered hub)
• Webcam C910 (with external power, is uncvideo)
• QuickCam Orbit/Sphere USB webcam (ext. power)
• QuickCam Pro 9000 - powered by Raspi, working on debian wheezy
• Webcam Pro 9000 (046d:0809), powered by RPi (measured ~120 mA capturing at ~5 fps), works on Arch
• Medion
• MD86511 - powered by Raspi, working on Raspbian “wheezy” from 2012-07-15
• Microsoft
• Xbox Live Vision camera (045e:0294), powered by Raspi, working on Arch
• LifeCam Cinema 720p USB HD Webcam H5D-00001 - Powered by USB Hub. Working on Raspbian "wheezy"
• LifeCam HD-6000 - Powered by Raspberry Pi. Working on Raspbian "wheezy" (2012-07-15)
• LifeCam NX-6000 - Powered by Raspberry Pi. Working on Debian "wheezy"
• LifeCam VX-7000 - Powered by USB Hub. Working on Raspian "wheezy"
• LifeCam VX-3000 - On "raspbian" wheezy (though there do appear to be some issues with image quality and getting partial frames and such, with fswebcam)
• LifeCam VX-800 - Powered by Raspberry Pi. Working out of the box on Raspbian (Amazon) Doesn't work at full 640 * 480 resolution but OK at 352 * 288.
• Sony
• PlayStation Eye (for PlayStation 3) (the occasional frame is corrupted/stutters when running at 640x480)
• PlayStation Eyetoy (for PlayStation 2) (Occasional 'mangled frame' directly connected to Rev 2 Pi)
• Trust
• 2MP Auto Focus Webcam (works out of the box on ArchLinux)
Problem USB Webcams
• Creative
• WebCam Pro / PD1030 - ov519 driver crashes almost immediately. ("gspca: ISOC data error: [0] len=0, status=-4004")
• Logitech
• Webcam Pro 9000 - Has issues capturing images at higher than default resolutions (using motion - Arch and Debian).
• Webcam Pro 4000 - It uses pwc driver which does not work. Maybe it's because of general Raspi USB bug.
• Microsoft
• Lifecam HD5000 - Picture breaks up at the bottom
• LifeCam Studio/Cinema - Has UVC issues detailed here [36]. Horizontal lines problem [37]. Stability issues [38].
• Sony
• Eye Toy (PlayStation 2) model SLEH 00030 - (OV519 camera). Picture constantly breaks up on xawtv and wxcam under Arch Linux. Noted there were ISOC data error len=0 status=-4004 errors in dmesg. This happens when powered from the Pi and when powered from a Pluscom USB hub. Arch was updated on 17th July 2012
• Trust
• SPACEC@M 200 - (OV511 camera). Picture stops after a few seconds in xawtv under Arch Linux and xawtv reports libv4l2 errors. This happens when powered from the Pi and when powered from a Pluscom USB Hub. Arch was updated on 17th July 2012
USB GPS devices
• Royaltek
• Royaltek RGM 2000 SiRF2 using the included serial (TTL) to USB - converter. That uses a Profilic pl2303-chip so you'll need to compile the module or the kernel manually
• Garmin
• GlobalSat
• GlobalSat BU-353 Does not require a powered hub, works fine when directly plugged into the RPi. On Raspian, requires the gpsd and gpsd-client packages. For some reason, the gpsd daemon does not always start correctly on boot. You may need to do something like the following to manually restart it:
sudo killall gpsd; sudo gpsd /dev/ttyUSB0 -F /var/run/gpsd.sock
• Wintec
• WBT-200: No problem on Debian
• Holux
• Holux M-215: Works fine on Arch, uses Silicon Labs CP210x RS232 serial adaptor driver
• Bluenext
• Bluenext BN903S: No problem on Debian image (19-04-2012).
USB UART and USB to Serial (RS-232) adapters
A USB UART adapter is used to access the serial console of the Raspberry Pi from a development host such as a laptop or desktop PC. The USB end connects to the PC and the UART header end connects to the USB. While it is possible to connect the USB end to another Raspberry Pi, this configuration has not been tested unless explicitly mentioned against an individual entry below.
• FTDI
• FT232 chip based adapters works for some people but others find it hangs Linux when the port is opened. module is ftdi_sio
• FT2232D dual RS232/FIFO works (used in various JTAG devices)
• Prolific
• PL2303 chip based adaptors works fine on latest Debian tested with minicom and gtkterm
A USB to Serial (RS-232) adapter is used the other way around, ie. the USB end connects to the Raspberry Pi and the RS-232 end (DSUB-9 or DSUB-25 pin) to the other device which may be another computer, (old) modem or printer, or some electronic test equipment.
• "Best Connectivity" (Possibly also sold under the "Newlink HQ" or "Kenable HQ" labels)
• FG-U1232-PL2 Based upon the Prolific PL2303X chipset and listed by lsusb as ID 067b:2303 Prolific Technology, Inc. PL2303 Serial Port. Appears as /dev/ttyUSB0, and requires the user to be a member of the dialout group (which pi is for Raspbian Wheezy). Initially tested using an old RS Datalinker setup in "loopback" mode via microcom upto 9600 baud, and gtkterm after installing that from source code. All handshake lines toggled as expected and no characters were lost. Subsequently gtkterm was used to check bi-directional communication with an ancient brother EP44 electronic typewriter (as a printer/dumb terminal) at 1200 baud. Signal lines were again monitored with the Datalinker.
Other, exotic USB devices
USB to SATA
• Nippon Labs
• 2.5" SATA HDD USB Adapter with silicone HDD sleeve. Model: USB-ADT-25SATA. Works on powered Hub, not directly to Raspberry Pi. Built-in "Y" power adapter.
CAN Bus
Home automation
• Tellstick (www.telldus.com), installation instructions
• Depends on libftdi1
Touch Screen
• ACER T230H touch screen [39]
• USB TS identifies as "Quanta Computer, Inc. Optical dual-touch panel", module hid_quanta
• Seems to draw over 200 mA from USB!
Floppy Disk Drive
• Samsung USB Floppy Drive SFD-321U/HP
• I suppose a floppy drive might be considered exotic nowadays!
• LSUSB lists it as Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co. Floppy Disk Drive
• Only tried connected to a powered USB hub, as the drive is labelled 5V at 0.5A on a Raspberry Pi running Debian Wheezy.
• tail -f /var/log/syslog looking for mount device when plugged in, came up as SDA in testing.
• sudo mkdir /media/floppy
• sudo mount /dev/sda /media/floppy
• Contents of floppy now available in /media/floppy
• To remove drive, ensure no sessions have the floppy directory as the current working directory.
• sudo umount /media/floppy
USB Missile Launcher
• USB Missile Launcher / Rocket Launcher sold in UK by Marks and Spencer but also sold under a range of other names.
USB Docking Stations
• StarTech USB 3.0 to Dual 2.5"/3.5" SATA HDD Dock (SATDOCK2U3GB)
• This is an externally powered dual sata HDD docking station, which has USB2.0 compatibility with the Pi.
• Tested with latest raspbmc and debian wheezy raspbian, 3.1.9+ #168
USB RFID Reader
• Unbranded 125KHz EM4100 RFID reader from eBay sellers (< £7), the one with a Windows logo on (easily scratches off for Linux users).
• Initially would not work when plugged in directly to RPi. Worked when connected via an unpowered Trust hub. Worked after RPi was modified with 10K resistors over the USB polyfuses (warranty invalidated). Probably would work fine with powered hub.
• Sends a 10 digit string to current window or console as if it was a keyboard. Can be captured independently of keyboard using Linux event interface (/dev/input) but kernel in current distributions does not have CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV selected so kernel rebuild is necessary.
JTAG
• FTDI2232D dual RS232/FIFO based JTAG (e.g. SheevaPlug JTAGKey USB-ID 9e88:9e8f)
• works using the RPi as a development host
USB 3.0 Multi-Card Reader
• US Robotics All-In-One Multi-Format Card Reader (Product # USR8420) Accepts 5 cards simultaneously
• SD/MMC + MS/MS PRO or DUO/DUO PRO + CF/MD + SM + SD/MMC or MS/MS PRO. Useful for backing up cards containing other OS Distros
PS2 / AT to USB Converters
Note that although the adapter might work, PS/2 keyboards were not designed to be low power USB devices, so they might not meet the requirement to work with considerable lowered supply voltage (4.4 volt) provided by the USB ports of the raspberry PI. These keyboards should work when powered by a powered hub.
Tested PS2/AT keybords
All above tested with the famous "blue cube" on a powered USB hub.
• IBM Model F (please note requires an additional AT to PS2 converter)
• Dell AT101w
• Northgate Ominikey Ultra T (please note requires an aditonal AT to PS2 converter)
• 04d9:1400 Holtek Semiconductor, Inc. PS/2 keyboard + mouse controller
• Working: Ipex RT215KTW PS/2 keyboard
• Not working: HP SK-2502 PS/2 keyboard (gets power but does not init - three LEDs remain permanently lit. Keyboard + Holtek converter work on a Linux PC, although this keyboard doesn't work with some native PS/2 ports.)
Power adapters
The Raspberry Pi uses a standard Micro USB (type B) power connector, which runs at 5v. Generally you can use a MicroUSB to USB cable and then either power the Raspberry Pi directly from your main computers USB ports (if they provide enough power), or by using a USB to Mains adaptor. A number of mobile phones use MicroUSB power cables, and these are compatible with the Raspberry Pi in most cases. Below is a list of power adaptors known to work.
Working power Adapters
• AlcaPower
• 5V 2.5A Model AP5A - Charger/switching with 7 connectors(also Microusb)
• Ansmann
• Dual USB charger slim, Model-Nr. 1201-0001
• Apple
• 5V 2.1A USB charger for iPad2, model A1357
• 5V 1.0A USB Charger for iPod
• 5V 1.0A USB Charger for iPhone 4
• Amazon
• 5V 0.85A USB charger for Kindle
• 5V 2A Mains to USB A adaptor, Branded "CostMad"
• Asus
• 5V 2.0A USB charger for Google Nexus 7
• Belkin
• 5V 2.6A 4 port Ultra-Slim Desktop hub (Model F4U040) (RPi running from USB Hub port)
• 5V 2.5A 4 port USB Hub (Model F5U404) (RPi running from USB Hub port)
• 5V 3.5A 7 port USB 2.0 Mobile Powered Hub (Model F4U018) (RPi running from USB Hub port)
• 5V 3.5A 7 port USB Hub (Model F5U706) (RPi running from USB Hub port)
• Mini Surge Protector Dual USB Charger (Model BZ103050-TVL)
• Universal USB Wall Charger (5V 1A) (Model F8Z222uk)
• Blackberry
• Charger for Pearl Flip 8220, Bold 9600 (B)
• Charger for Tour 9630
• 5V 0.7A Model PSM04R-0500CHW1(M), RIM Part Number HDW-17957-003 (B)
• 5v 750mA Model RIM-C-0004aDUUUC-001, RIM Part Number HWD-24481-001 (comes with Blackberry 9300)
• 5v 750mA Model RIM-C-0004ADUUS-001 035D, Single port plug. (Tested with USB B to Micro USB cable from Logitech H760 Headset)
• 5V 2A Model PSAC10R-050QT, RIM Part Number HDW-34725-001
• Dell
• USB Hub integrated in Dell monitors (B)
• The FX Factory
• 5V 1A (1.2A max) AC Travel Charger Model KJ-USB Mains
• Garmin
• 5V 1A charger (Model: PSA105R-050Q) supplied with Garmin Edge 800 GPS. Requires a USB-A to MicroUSB-B cable. Belkin 6ft cable (F3U151B06) works.
• Griffin
• Power Block Model P2417. 5V 2.1A
• Power Block Model P1190R2 Two USB 5V Outputs, 1Amp each
• Hama
• 1000mA Travel Charger for Micro USB universal (barcode nr: 4 007249 935854)
• HP
• 5.3V 2A Charger for HP Touchpad (B)
• HTC
• 5V 1A TCP-300 USB phone charger (B)
• 5V 1A TC B250 USB charger (HTC R/N: 79H00096-00M)
• 5V 1A TC E250 USB charger (HTC R/N: 79H00098-02M)
• i-box (Philex Electronic Ltd)
• 5V 1A USB charger, 1 USB socket, no USB lead supplied, Model: 76971HS/02 (available from ASDA and others in the UK) (B).
• IDAPT
• Innergie
• 15W Dual USB Adapter. Model: mMini AC15. Output: 5V, 3A (max per port), 15W max. Spec Sheet
• Kodak
• 5V 1A TESA5G1-0501200
• 5V 1.0A K20-AM
• LG
• 4.8V 1A Travel Adapter
• 5.1V 0.7A Travel Adapter (Model: STA-U34WVI)
• 5.1V 0.7A Travel Adapter (Model: STA-U12ER)
• Logic
• 4 port USB Hub (Model LP4HUB10). (RPi running from USB Hub port, red power line (+5v) inside hub cut) (B)
• LogiLink
• 5V 2.1A Switching power supply, model PA0040 (B)
• Logitech
• 5V 1A SDC115-USB Remote Control Charger and cable
• Maplin Electronics
• 5V 1A dual USB power supply, model number H25B-MT-K2
• Micro USB Power Supply N19HX
• Medion
• 5V 1A USB power supply for OYO ebook reader
• Microsoft
• Zune Zune AC Adapter v2
• Motorola
• Nokia
• Noname
• 5V 2.1A KMS-AC09 4 port USB charger (B) [40]
• 5.2V 1A MW-3NU10GT - no cable, but this one works well (1m): [41]
• 5V 1A Model H-IP008 Serial No. H10T80L068
• Novatel Wireless
• 5V 1.05A Charger, model number SSW-1811, packaged with Verizon Wireless MiFi device
• Orange
• 5V 0.7A Charger for Orange San Francisco
• Palm
• 5V 1A Charger for Palm Pixi+ (B)
• Pantech
• 5.0V 1A CNR USB with LG DLC100 micro usb cable
• Petzl
• 5.0V 1A Charger that came with the Tikka core2 XP
• Phihong
• Switching Power Supply. Model: PSAC09R-050. Output: 5V, 1.8A, microUSB. Digi-key Link
• PortaPow
• PortaPow UK Mains Wall Power Supply
• RS Components'
• HNP06UK (RS 7263069) Switching Adapter 5.0V 1200mA
• Samsung
• 5V 0.7A Charger for Galaxy S model ETA0U10EBE
• 5V 0.7A Charger for Galaxy SII
• 5V 1A Charger for Galaxy Nexus
• 5V 0.7A Charger for Galaxy S Vibrant (SGH-T959)
• 5V 0.7A Travel Adapter model ATADU10EBE
• 5V 1A? Samsung C Series TV USB-port for external HDDs. Running stable with openelec
• 5v ?A(Unknown) Samsung Service Port (USB) on LN32A330J1DXZA 720p 32 inch HDTV
• 5V Unknown Ampere Samsung UA22D5000 & UA32D5000 TV USB Port. Test with Raspbian Wheezy, Raspbmc, and RPITC
• Shun Shing
• 100-240VAC to 5VDC 1A USB power supply, model SP5Q-AU Jaycar
• Sony Ericsson
• 5V 0.7A Charger CST-80
• 5V 0.85A Greenheart™ Charger EP800
• Travel Charger
• Technika
• 5V 1A USB Power Adapter, model MPASS01 (B)
• The Pi Hut
• Trisonic
• TS-CP600T - MICRO USB HOME & TRAVEL CHARGER (5V, 800mA) $3 at Daiso U.S. stores.
• TruePower
• U-Socket 5V 2.1A AC Receptacle with Built-in USB ports (2.1A per USB port) model ACE-7169
• Voltcraft
• SPS5-12W, 2500 mA, requires additional USB <-> miniUSB adapter/cable, works perfectly (bought from Conrad Shop)
Problem power Adapters
• Masterplug
• Masterplug Surge Protected USB Adaptor 2 x 1A USB Polished Black - USB ports and ethernet don't work with this adapter and some screen artefacts using HDMI.
• Monoprice
• 5v, 2A 3 Outlet Power Surge Protector Wall Tap w/ 2 Built-In USB Charger - some display artifacts, sometimes unable to find mouse, some failures to boot. Measured less than 4.75v between TP1 and TP2 when used with a Monoprice cable.
• Sony Ericsson
• 5v, 850mA EP800. Some failures to boot , ethernet loops at boot.
External Battery packs (with 5V regulated output)
• Anker Astro3
• Anker Astro3 10000mAh with Dual 2A USB Output
• Duracell
• PPS2 Instant USB Charger
• Energizer/XPAL
• XP18000 18000mAh Power Pack
• Generic - eBay no brand
• 6000T Pocket Power 5000mAh - eBay item 271009959140
• Power Bank for iPad/iPhone 5000mAh (looks the same as a New Trent IMP50D or TeckNet iEP380) - eBay item 280914455938
• New Trent
• iCurve IMP70D 7000mAh (Approx 12hrs from full charge)
• IMP120D 12000mAh
• Sinoele
• Movpower - Power Bank 5200mAh (8hrs with Wifi active)
• TeckNet
• iEP387 Dual-Port 7000mAh External Power Bank (The charging lead can be used to connect the Tecknet to the RPi. Ran the RPi with wifi dongle and wireless keyboard receiver for over 9 hours of light use.)
• iEP392 Dual-Port 12000mAh External Power Bank (1A port, ~16.5 hours)
• Rayovac PS60 5v 800mAh
• VINZO
• Power Bank 5000mAh Grey Output 5V 1000mA
• Kodak Power Pack KP1000
Display adapters
Note that active converter boxes may draw power through the HDMI port, and thus will put an extra load on your PSU, and also increase the current running through the PI's primary input fuse. HDMI ports (and the raspberry PI) are designed so that they deliver a very limited amount of power (50mA) to the TV/Monitor/display-adapter and much more isn't in theory allowed. In fact there is a diode (D1) in series with the power line which can only handle 200mA, if the adapter tries to draw much more than that the diode might fail. Therefore only externally powered adapters are to be recommended. Despite this, many people report success with these high powered devices.
HDMI->DVI-D
There are three kinds of DVI. There is DVI-D, a digital signal fully compatible with HDMI, so a passive cable can be used. There is DVI-I, which is a connector with both analog pins and digital pins. An HDMI to DVI-D adapter fits in a DVI-I female connector. Finally, there is DVI-A. This a fairly rare connection, but occasionally it will be found on some monitors and is an analog interface, in fact the same as VGA!
Some adapters like Farnell part AK-CBHD03-BK are HDMI to DVI-I, which, while not fitting in a DVI-D monitor, are still compatible. The analog pins simply must be bent.
The HDMI to DVI-D cable provided by Apple with the 2010 Mac Mini worked. It does not appear this adapter can be purchased separately.
• AmazonBasics HDMI to DVI Adapter Cable (model SK231) works and is inexpensive.
• A generic HDMI-to-DVI converter from eBay. Works well, but it's probably the cause of some power loss between the RPi and the monitor, causing this problem. A setting of config_hdmi_boost=5 in /etc/boot solved this. Note that config_hdmi_boost=4, as suggested in the troubleshooting guide, helped but did not solve the problem completely.
HDMI->VGA converter boxes
Most will require use RPi_config.txt. Start off with hdmi_safe=1.
Sanoxy HDMI to VGA converter, $27 from Amazon, no changes required with official Raspbian Wheezy image (2012-Jul-15), note: had already disabled overscan previously
http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B007KEIRNG -- "Neewer" HDMI to VGA -- some issues discussed below: However, according to user "Tom1989" the same Neewer HDMI to VGA adapter burned out BAT54 Schottky diode D1 on the RasPi and broke its HDMI output: Serious HDMI Problems. What's that smell? Burning Raspberry!. On that thread, "mahjongg" suggested the NXP (or equivalent) PMEG2010AET as a high-current replacement for D1. The PMEG2010AET has 1A max forward current, much greater than the BAT54's 200 mA limit which may be exceeded by your HDMI -> VGA converter. Remember that the converter's current must come from your RasPi power supply and go through the Micro USB cable and polyfuse F3, so you may get extra voltage drops and/or cause F3 to trip depending on how much current the converter uses. As always with board modifications, YMMV. Also on the "Burning Raspberry!" thread, user "pwinwood" reported the Neewer's current to be 400 mA, which is twice the limit of BAT54 diode D1. "pwinwood" also took the Neewer apart and added its own +5V connection adapted from a USB cable, which bypasses RasPi's Micro USB cable and polyfuse F3.
http://www.amazon.co.uk/KanaaN-Adapter-Converter-Cable-Resolutions/dp/B007QT0NNW -- "Kanaan" HDMI-VGA
http://www.ebay.com/itm/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=130699741793 -- eBay is swarming with $16 converters all like this one.
This adapter -- http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/300692770623 -- works from 640x480 up to 1920x1080, audio over HDMI works too. Sadly the IC's on the PCB have all been scrubbed. Requires HDMI boost and overscan, config.txt settings for 640x480@60Hz:
hdmi_drive=2
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=4
config_hdmi_boost=4
overscan_top=-30
overscan_bottom=-30
overscan_left=-30
overscan_right=-30
According to user "Mortimer" -- HDFuryPro HDMI to YPbBr/VGA Converter found on Amazon -- http://www.amazon.co.uk/Inputs-Component-Video-YPbPr-Converter/dp/B00797ZZ4S/ -- Works with Raspberry Pi. Tested against a Philips 170B 1280x1024 LCD monitor, producing a full native resolution image. Not tested against a Component Video TV yet, and audio has yet to be got working. The config.txt settings used are:
hdmi_drive=2
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=36
disable_overscan=1
According to user "Mortimer" -- HDFury1 1080p HDMI to VGA Converter from HDFury.com. I'm not sure the HDFury1 can be got a hold of easily nowadays, I happened to have access to one to try out. HDFury2, 3 and 4 are available as far as I can tell, but are very pricey compared to alternatives. HDFury1 was around £80 when we bought one for a project at work. HDFury2 seems to be around £130, 3 and 4 are getting on towards £200 or more. So not to be recommended as a solution unless you happen to have one lying around. I don't believe there is any relationship between the company that produces these and the HDFuryPro I bought for myself (See above). I didn't alter any config settings, just plugged it in. It doesn't work without having its external power supply connected, as it requires 0.4A, which is too much draw for the 5V supply available from the HDMI socket on the Raspberry Pi. Its power LED lights, but no picture is produced. In comparison to the HDFuryPro this picture from this device is sharper, but not enough to justify the extra cost. The config.txt settings used are:
hdmi_drive=2
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=36
disable_overscan=1
http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B007SM7O2U/ref=oh_details_o02_s00_i00 - "Cable Matters"
Here It is another option: http://www.dealextreme.com/p/hdmi-v1-4-male-to-vga-female-converter-adapter-cable-white-15cm-130458, is cheap (it's free shipping from china) and works perfectly, I tested it with an Acer VGA monitor (AL1511), without no change in my XBMC distribution. The config.txt for Raspbian (Flatron VGA monitor 1024 * 768):
hdmi_drive=2
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=16
hdmi_force_hotplug=1
disable_overscan=0
And another one: http://cgi.ebay.pl/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=251086464644. Very cheap but works perfectly. No config.txt changes was needed at all. I've booted Raspbian and OpenELEC. Monitor is detected correctly and the optimal resolution is set (Raspbian) or you can change the res in the menu (OpenELEC). The /opt/vc/bin/tvservice is able to read monitor edid data. I tested the adapter using NEC 72VM 15" LCD. (1280x1024 60Hz, 1024x768 60Hz, 640x480 works) The adapter is based on Lontium LT8511A chip, but I was unable to get the spec for it. The D1 diode is getting very hot though. Most likely the adapter drives more than 200mA. The standard RS Components 1,2A usb power supply is able to provide enough power for the RPi and the adapter. I'll try to modify the adapter to connect external power to bypass D1. Marcin.
DVI-D -> VGA active adapters
None are currently listed
Composite->SCART
SCART adapters (SCART plugs with three RCA connectors in the back), will probably work when used with the yellow RCA plug connected to the R-PI's RCA video output. Additionally using a splitter cable (3.5mm jack plug on one end, and red-white RCA plugs on the other end) will probably work when plugged into the red and white (left and right audio channels) of the SCART adapter.
• Generic - works
Composite->VGA converter boxes
SD cards
Note that manufacturers change their designs over time, even as the specs stay the same. (E.g. an ACME 8 GB class 4 card manufactured in 2011 might work, while one manufactured in 2012 might not.) For this reason, please specify product numbers in the lists below, when possible.
You can also attach the following fields from your card's CID :
cd /sys/class/mmc_host/mmc?/mmc?:*
echo "man:$(cat manfid) oem:$(cat oemid) name:$(cat name) hwrev:$(cat hwrev) fwrev:$(cat fwrev)"
please merge with http://elinux.org/RPi_Performance#SD_card
Preinstalled SD Cards
Sandisk SD Cards Preinstalled with the latest Raspbian operating system are available from The Pi Hut's Raspberry Pi Store.
Kingston and other verified SD Cards Preinstalled with the latest Raspbian operating system are available from many other websites Amazon UK and eBay UK.
Working SD Cards
• 7DAYSHOP.COM
• 8GB Professional SDHC Class 10 (man:0x000027 oem:0x5048 name:SD08G hwrev:0x3 fwrev:0x0)
• Adata
• 2GB SD Class 2 Speedy (8B0947 printed on back) This card works with every distro I tried. May be old, may not be the fastest, but is very stable.
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (BH1109416141G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 2 (MMB3F08GWMCA-GE)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (MicroSD w/ adapter)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (MMAGR08GUDCA-DB)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (AUSDH8GCL10-R)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (ASDH8GCL10-R) Tested on 2012-06-18-wheezy-beta.zip
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (P-SDH8G10-EC from BJ's USA tested on Raspbian)
• 16GB SDHC Class 6
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (16GSDHC10)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (microSD w/ adapter AUSDH16GCL10-RA1)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (ASDH32GCL10-R) Tested on wheezy-beta with latest kernel and firmware and raspbian wheezy
• Apacer
• 8GB microSDHC Class 10 (with adapter)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6
• Centon
• 16GB SDHC Class 4 (1447 printed on back)
• CnMemory
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (Silver/Black label says 'High Capacity Card') 84209_8GB_SDHC, bought from Maplins. No error messages seen, but operation is much slower than with a SanDisk 4GB Class 4 card.
• Dane-Elec
• 16GB SDHC Class 4
• 16GB Pro 200X Class 10 DEMS16GB2683ENBA
• Dikom
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (serial 207H3MD016IBSD)
• Duracell
• 4GB SDHC Class 4
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (labelled Pro Photo 200x)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (man:0x00001d oem:0x4144 name:SD hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0) (~4.6MB/s read, ~4.4MB/s write on debian6-19-04-2012, following RPi_Performance#SD_card)
• Emtec
• 2GB SD man:0x000027 oem:0x5048 name:SD02G hwrev:0x2 fwrev:0x0
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (EKMSD4G60XHCN)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (EKMSD16G150XHC) (less than half as fast as Sandisk 16gb Class 10)
• Extrememory
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (man:0x000012 oem:0x3456 name:F0F0F hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (man:0x000003 oem:0x5344 name:SMI hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0)
• Eye-Fi
• 4GB WiFi SDHC (Wi-Fi doesn't work)
• Fugi
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (P10NM00580A) (man:0x000073 oem:0x4247 name:NCard hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0)
• Hama
• 2GB SD Class 2
• 8GB SDHC High Speed Pro Class 6
• Hema (Dutch dept. store)
• 4GB
• 8GB SDHC Class 4
• Goodram
• 8GB microSDHC Class 4
• 16GB microSDHC Class 4 (SDU16GHCAGRR10)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10
• HP
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (doesn't reboot during first time startup process, but restart again and fine after that).
• 32GB SDHC Class 10
• ICIDU
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 (also had no issues)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (image write had issues, might be my inexperience. It boots & shows Xserver)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (had no issues whatsoever, the comment above might be a dud.)
• 8GB microSDHC Class 10
• 16GB microSDHC Class 10 (20MB/sec)
• 32GB microSDHC Class 10 (20MB/sec)
• Integral
• 4GB SDHC Ultima Pro Class 10
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 SD-K04G (Purple label)
• 8GB SDHC Ultima Pro Class 6 (Works - initial error -110 but boots within 5 seconds with no further errors or issues)
• 8GB SDHC Ultima Pro Class 10 (20MB/s) (Works - initial error -110 but boots within 5 seconds with no further errors or issues)
• 16GB SDHC Ultima Pro Class 6
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Ultima Pro (20MB/s)
• 32GB SDHC Ultima Pro Class 10 (20MB/s) - Slow to initially boot past the Rainbow Screen.
• Joyflash
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (LTSD1112016GB)
• Kingmax
• 4GB SDHC Class 2
• 4GB microSDHC Class 4 (KM04GMCSDHC4) won`t reboot when it`s hot
• 8GB microSDHC Class 4 (KM08GMCSDHC41A) won`t reboot when it`s hot
• Kingston
• 2GB SD
• 2GB microSD (N0185-002.A00LF) + Adapter (File system .img written via Transcend microSDHC "USB stick-like" adapter - P3-102510)
• 4GB microSD Class 4
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SD4/4GB) (Writes at 4.8MB/s, Reads at 9MB/s)
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 (SD10V/4GB)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (SD4/8GB) (Works reliably with Raspbian 18-9-2012 and previous Debian releases) (Writes at 4.8MB/s, Reads at 9MB/s)
• 8GB microSDHC Class 4 (SDC4/8GB)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (SD6/8GB) (errors on boot, boots Debian ok)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (SD10G2/8GB, SD10V/8GB, ultimateX 100X, ultimateX 120X)
• 16GB SDHC Class 4 (SD4/16GB)
• 16GB microSDHC Class 10 (SDC10/16GB)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (SD10G2/16GB, ultimateX 100X)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (SD4/16GBET)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (SD10V)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (SD10G2/32GB, ultimateX 100X)
• Kodak
• 4GB SDHC Class 2
• 8GB SDHC Class 4
• Kruidvat
• 8GB SDHC Class 4
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (actually cheaper then the class 4 in my store)
• Lexar
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (Boots consistently and no error messages in log after 1/2 hour use ) (works with Raspbmc)
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 Platinum II (from Microcenter)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Premium Series
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Platinum II
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 Platinum II
• 32GB microSDHC HIGH-SPEED Class 10 (from Amazon)
• 128GB SDXC UHS-I Card LSD128CTBNA400 (from Amazon)
• Master
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 [man:0x000003 oem:0x5344 name:SMI hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0]
• Mushkin
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (MKNSDHCU1-16GB) [42]
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (MKNSDHCC10-32GB) [43]
• MyMemory
• NovaTech
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (Integral Branded)
• OCZ
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Gold Series (08110596-8GB-6) tested with Debian Squeeze (official Raspberry Pi distribution debian6-19-04-2012.zip)
• Optima
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (Pro-Speed)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 - working from 2012-09-18
• Patriot
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (PSF8GSDHC10-PC)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 LX Series (PSF8GSDHC10-PC1)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (PSF16GMCSDHC10)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 LX Series (PSF16GSDHC10) (19.3MB/s read, 9.3MB/s write)
• 16GB microSDHC Class 10 (PSF16GMSHC10) (requires recent kernel update for boot)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (PSF32GSDHC10)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 UHS-1 (PEF32GSDHC10U1) (20.4MB/s read, 12.1MB/s write)
• Peak
• 4GB microSDHC Class 4 (MMBTR04GUBCA-ME) tested with Arch
• Philips
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (FM08SD35B)
• Platinum
• 4GB SDHC Class 6
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (man:0x00006f oem:0x0000 name:SMI hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0)
• 64GB SDCX Class 10
• Play.com
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (S4E3CD04GEFAA 0907090121106)
• PNY
• 4GB SDHC Class 4
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 Optima (SD-K04G 0834TT1297Y)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4. Micro SD Card with adapter.
• 8GB SDHC Class 6
• 8GB SDHC Class 10. Micro SD card with adapter.
• 16GB SDHC Class 4
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (P-SDHC16G10-GE)
• See the note for P-SDHC16G10-EF. Works with Wheezy, does not work with Squeeze, Arch, or Fedora Remix.
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (P-SDHC16G10-EF)
• Works with Debian Wheezy
• Does not work with Debian Squeeze (debian6-19-04-2012: mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt).
• Does not work with Arch Linux Arm (archlinuxarm-29-04-2012: no video is displayed, solid red power light, tiny green light)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Pro-Elite (P-SDH16U1-30-GE). Works with raspbmc, haven't tested others.
• pqi
• 8GB SDHC Class 6
• Works with official debian6-19-04-2012
• PRETEC
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (8DK52-122ME)
• Samsung
• 4GB SDHC
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (MB-SS8GAEU)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (MB-MP8GA, MB-SP8GA/EU, MB-SP8GA/AM)
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 (MB-SSAGAEU)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (MB-SPAGA aka MB-SPAGAEU)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (MB-SSBGA, MBSSBGVEOBGA-SH) fine with Debian Wheezy, but does not work with Debian Squeeze (debian6-19-04-2012: mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt).
• SanDisk
• 2GB SD, white "SanDisk for Wii" branded, no class mentioned
• 2GB SD (with a circle 2 --probably class 2), writes at 3.5 Mb/s
• 2GB SD Class 2 (BE0816113150D)
• 2GB SD Class 4 Ultra (15MB/s)
• 2GB SD Class 4 Ultra II
• 2GB SD Ultra II (BE0719111366D)
• 2GB SD Extreme III (BE0715105083B)
• 2GB SD Extreme III (BE0804212046D) - 20MB/s - Class 6
• 4GB SDHC Class 2 (BH0820113475D) - Tested with RPITC (Based on Raspbian Wheezy)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SDSDB-004G-B35)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SDSDB-004G-BT35). Confirmed working with stock debian6-19-04-2012.img
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (BH1210821913G)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SDSDH2-004G-AC11, BH1127216239D) Costco 2-pack, booting Wheezy 2012-07-15
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 Ultra (SDSDH-004G-U46) won`t reboot when it`s hot
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 Ultra II
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (30MB/s BH1200421822D)
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (SDSDH-004G-U46 - BH1136121837G, BH1130521822D)
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BH10297143382G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (writes at ~1.5MB/s)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 Ultra labelled as 15MB/s (BI1024716014G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 micro - MMAGR08GUDCA-DB
• also SDSDH-008G-U46 - BI1131222083D see update from andrew.blake
• except SDSRH-008G-A11 could be problematic, see below
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra labelled as 20MB/s (BI11321422083D)
• 8GB SDHC-I Class 6 Ultra labelled as 30MB/s (SDSDH2-008G-AC11)
• requires updated Squeeze or Wheezy beta
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BI11017514367G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (B11209116254G) - Managed to get it working with raspbian R3 rpi_pisces_r3.zip however does not work with official squeeze nor Arch linux.
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (30MB/s HD Video) - working with new bootcode.bin. Confirmed on 2012-07-10 for Debian Squeeze 2012-04-19 and Arch Linux 2012-06-13 images (BI1130916254G).
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Ultra(30MB/s) (SDSDU-008G-U46) - Works with stock debian6-19-04-2012 or raspbian images but not with OpenELEC r11212 (works with OpenELEC r11493)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Ultra(30MB/s) (SDSDU-008G-UDQ46) - Works with stock 2012-09-18-wheezy-raspbian
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (SDSDX-008G-X46/BI1218822414G) - Works with stock 2012-08-16-wheezy-raspbian
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme Pro (95MB/s UHS-I) (SDSDXPA-008G-X46) - Works with stock 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian
• 16GB SDHC Class 4
• 16GB SDGC Class 4 (SDSDB-016G-B35) - working with bootcode.bin. Confirmed on 2012-07-15 for Debian Squeeze 2012-04-19
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (30MB/s) (BL1133921933G) - Work with OpenELEC r11324
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Ultra(30MB/s) (SDSDU-016G-U46) - Work with stock debian6-19-04-2012 image. Gave Kernel Panic with stock debian6-19-04-2012 image. Worked fine with Wheezy image.
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (30MB/s HD Video) (SDSDX3-016G-X46) - Works with 2012-06-18-wheezy-beta.img and updated firmware (tested 2012-07-02)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (45MB/s U1) (BL1203322025G) - Works with 2012-08-16-wheezy-raspbian.img (tested 2012-09-15). Doesn't work with stock debian6-19-04-2012 image, but does work with freshly compiled kernel
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (45MB/s) (SDSDX-016G-X46) (UPC 619659062224) - Works with 2012-09-18-wheezy-raspbian.img (tested 17/10/2012)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (45MB/s) (SDSDXPA-016G-FPP) - Working with latest RaspBMC image (tested 12/09/2012) Amazon Link
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme Pro (95MB/s UHS-I) (SDSDXPA-016G-A75) - Doesn't work with stock debian6-19-04-2012 image, but does work with freshly compiled kernel
• 32GB SDHC Class 4
• 32GB SDHC Class 6
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 Ultra (30MB/s) - Works with stock debian6-19-04-2012 image
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (45 MB/s UHS-I) (SDSDX-032G-X46) - works with arch-04-29-image and latest firmware (booting problems without firmware update)
• 64GB SDXC Class 10 Extreme (45 MB/s UHS-I) (SDSDX-064G-X46) - works with 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian
• microSDHC / microSDXC
• 4GB microSDHC Class 2
• 4GB microSDHC Class 4
• 8GB microSDHC Class 2
• 8GB microSDHC Class 4
• 8GB microSDHC Class 6 Mobile Ultra (SDSDQY-008G-U46A) working with the latest firmware, won`t reboot when it`s hot
• 8GB microSDHC Class 10 Ultra(30MB/s) (SDSDQU-008G-U46) tested and working on Raspbian wheezy (and RaspBMC)
• 16GB microSDHC Class 10 Mobile Ultra (SDSDQUA-016G-U46A) working with the latest firmware
• 32GB microSDHC Class 4 (SDSDQM-032G-B35)
• 64GB microSDXC Class 6 Mobile Ultra (SDSDQY-064G-A11A) (boots up much more consistently with latest firmware)
• Silicon Power
• 4GB microSDHC Class 6 (SP004GBSTH006V10-SP)
• 8GB microSDHC Class 10 (S608G1202)
• 16GB microSDHC Class 10 (SP016GBSDH010V10)
• Sony
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SF-4B4) (Write 6MB/s, Read 20MB/s)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (SF-4N4)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (Write 11.8MB/s, Read 17.4MB/s)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (SF-32NX/TQ) (Max read speed of ~94MB/s, min write speed of ~10MB/s) - Works with archlinuxarm-29-04-2012 dd image with latest firmware update (as of 10-06-2012)
• Strontium
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (SD-T08G 1045 US6923 G (White Shell - SKU 8 886450 703492))
• Super Talent
• 32GB Secure Digital High Capacity SDHC Card (Class 10), Model SDHC32-C10 SKU: 116-557-001 (works with Raspbmc RC4 and 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian))
• TDK
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (1008WW5261B)
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (80-56-10275-004G,Debian works BUT mmc0 errors when booting Fedora)
• 4GB microSDHC Class 4 (80-56-10301-004G)
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (S404G1113) - Works with Debian Wheezy (2012-06-18 beta), not tried latest OpenELEC yet.
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 - Works with Raspbian 2012-07-15
• Sandisk 64GB Class 10 Ultra SDXC UHS-I FFP (3A114807)
• Toshiba
• 8GB mircoSDHC SD-C08GJ(BL3A
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 SD-T16G (1046 US7022 C)
• Transcend
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 - we've found these to work without any errors and offer reasonable performance
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (TS4GSDHC4 - BH1130821915G)
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (TS4GSDHC6) - no problems. (does not work with Raspbmc as of 6/1/12)
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 (TS4GSDHC10E)
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 (TS8GSDHC4) (man:0x000003 oem:0x5344 name:SD08G hwrev:0x8 fwrev:0x0) - works with both Debian "squeezy" and Raspbian "wheezy" distributions.
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (~5.8 MB/s read/write following RPi_Performance#SD_card)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (TS8GSDHC6-P2 - MMBFG08GWACA-M6)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (TS8GSDHC10) Transcend 8G class 10
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 (TS16GSDHC6)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (TS16GSDHC10)(TS16GSDHC10E)
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (TS32GSDHC10)(TS32GSDHC10E)
• 64GB SDXC Class 10 (TS64GSDXC10)
• Verbatim
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (43961)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (43962)
• 32GB SDHC Class 6 (44032)
• Traveler
• 4GB High Speed Memory Card - no class mentioned. No problems. Tested with Raspbian.
• V-Gen
• 8GB microSDHC - no class mentioned. No problems.(man:0x000073 oem:0x4247 name:NCard hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0). Tested with Raspbian Wheezy & Raspbmc.
• Veho (http://www.veho-uk.com)
• 8Gb "Ultra Fast" Class 6. (man:0x00001b oem:0x534d name:00000 hwrev:0x1 fwrev:0x0) 7.8Mb/s. Slow but tested with Arch Linux.
• W Photo (Walgreens photo)
• 1GB SD memory card. Works with raspbmc, have not tested others.
• 2GB SD memory card. Works with raspbian, not tested with others.
Known good (and pre-loaded) cards will be available for sale from RS and element14 at a later date (TBA).
Problem SD Cards
Make sure that you buy your card from a reliable source. There are many cheap Chinese copies of (brand name) SD-Cards on the market, [45] in addition they are often mislabeled as having greater capacity than they really have. For example they might be sold as being 4GB, but are actually 2GB (or even less).
There were initially issues with most Class 10 SDHC cards, apparently due to a bug in the Broadcom bootloader.[46]
This seems to have been fixed in sdhci.c: [47] Further feedback will be useful.
If you add an SD card here, please also mention the kernel date and the date you tried it. This allows people to estimate how likely it is that a driver-fix in the kernel has been fixed. (i.e. I think some/most of the cards here work fine now, because a problem in the kernel driver has been fixed).
• Acumem
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (many errors on 6/7/2012)
• Adata
• 2GB Speedy (MMAGF02GWMCA -NA)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 - Sometimes boots
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 (Possibly SD5MY168G0, label with gold <> black gradient) - Doesn't boot
• Agfa
• 16GB MicroSDHC class 6 (as written on SD-Adapter, MicroSD card itself no-name? ENAAJK121960): mixed results, such a card was working on another RPi
• Amazon Basics
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (many errors on 6/7/2012)
• Delkin Devices
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 "Delkin pro" -- Note: works with Fedora Beefy Miracle 17
• GSkill
• 32GB SDHC Class 10
• Integral
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 Ultima Pro (SH016GAA2BB)
• 4GB SDHC class 4 (S404G1115)
• Kingston
• 2GB SD looks like this - boots the kernel, but damages the filesystem.
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 - Boots kernel but won't run init (times out)
• 8GB/Go SDHC Class 10 - SD10V/8GB Very slow writing images to card and then either won't boot, or boots very slowly
• 16GB SDHC Class 4 (SDC4/16GB17) - Device does not recognize it
• Memory2GO
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (S404G1029) - I/O Errors leading to Kernel Panic on startup.
• Micro Center
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 — hasn't worked with any of the images I've tried; appears to be completely unrecognized
• MyMemory.com
• 8GB SDHC Class 10
• Optima
• 8GB SDHC Class 4 - Does not boot with Raspbian Wheezy 2012-07-15 - works with 2012-09-18
• Panasonic
• Patriot
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 (PS8GSDHC10-BC) - repeatable corruption after 1 or 2 reboots with 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (PSF8GSDHC10)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (PSF8GSDHC10-PC) - won't even boot 2012-08-16-wheezy-raspbian (mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt, followed by continuous I/O errors, timeouts, etc.). Seems functional in Arch, but sometimes freezes at the beginning of boot (blinking underscore).
• Platinum
• 8GB SDHC Class 8 (O08G840 M3100487 TW)
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 (article code 177117) - Does not boot with Raspbian Wheezy 2012-09-12
• PNY
• 8GB Optima SDHC 120 HD Class 4 SD-K08G 0928 WF3673 - mmc -110 errors at init time on 6/12/12
• 8GB Premium SDHC Class 4 - mmc - mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 Professional (P-SDHC32G10-EF) from play.com (mmc0 timeout with Debian, error -84 whilst initialising sd card with Fedora and QtonPi. Arch seems to work, gets to the login prompt)
• 2GB card SD-M02G
• Polaroid
• 16GB SDHC C10 (P-SDHC16GB10-EFPOL) - mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt on debian6-19-04-2012
• PRETEC
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 233x - mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt, Sometimes does not boot, kernel panic, ...
• Reekin
• 4Gb HighSpeed SH4GC6M16MIN9C0812TE (old) don't boot ! (11/07/2012)
• Samsung
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (MB-SS4G MBSS4GMBDDBA-DD) doesn't boot with 2012-07-15-wheezy-raspbian - OK light partially lit.
• 32GB SDHC Class 10 (MB-SSBGA, MBSSBGVEOBGA-SH) does not work with Debian Squeeze (debian6-19-04-2012: mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt), but works fine with Debian Wheezy
• SanDisk
• 2GB SD Extreme III (BE0722702998D) (man:0x000003 oem:0x5344 name:SD02G hwrev:0x8 fwrev:0x0) - tested with Raspbian (build 2012-07-15) and Raspbmc installer (build 2012-07-13)
• 2GB SD (BE0916214253D)
• 2GB Ultra || 15MB/s (BE0828713280D)
• 4GB SDHC Class 2 - Debian and xbmc boot, but fedora gets a lot of mmc0 note long write sync errors and then hc_xfer_timeout errors at the login prompt.
• 4GB SDHC Class 2 "Limited Edition" (8H825413279G) - Error -110 whilst initialising sd card
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (BH1030216016G) - Doesn't boot.
• 4GB SDHC Class 4 (BH1031116016G) - Doesn't boot.
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 Extreme (BH0822411730D)
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 Extreme III (30 MB/s) (BH0822712362G)
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (SDSDX-004G-X46) (30 MB/s HD Video) doesn't boot (also not with new kernel.img and start.elf 17-06-2012 or "wheezy"-beta)
• 4GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (30 MB/s HD Video) (Doesn't boot) - Works with new kernel.img and start.elf [48]
• 4GB microSDHC Class 6 Mobile Ultra (tried 15-06-2012 with kernel 19-04-2012) error -84 transferring data, kernel panic: no init found
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (B11201421964G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (SDSDH-008G-U46 - BI1131222083D) - Boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt ) see update from andrew.blake
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra labelled as 30MB/s (BI1208721965G)) - Boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt )
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra labelled as 30MB/s SDSRH-008G-A11 - Boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt )
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra labelled as 30MB/s SDSDH-008G-T11 - Boots kernel but won't run init ( debian6-19-04-2012: mmc timeout waiting for interrupt ) , but works fine with Debian Wheezy on 6/22/12
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra I (BI1201221964G) - Boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt )
• 8GB SDHC Class 6 Extreme (BI1101116253G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BI1108716254G)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BI1201416254G) - Still doesn't work with Debian Wheezy beta (2012-06-18)
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BI1201516254G) [amazon.co.uk]+amazon.fr works with wheezy 19/09/2012
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (BI1200916252D/SDSDX-008G-X46) - Tried with Debian "Squeeze"(19/04/2012), Debian "Wheezy"(18/06/2012) and Arch Linux(13/06/2012). None works. With Debian "Wheezy" Green LED stays ON continuously, with the other two it turns on very faint.
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme Pro- Works with updated kernel/firmware, stock debian6-19-04-2012 boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt )
• 16GB SDHC Class 10 Extreme (30MB/s HD Video) (SDSDX3-016G-X46) - Doesn't boot with debian6-19-04-2012.img, or newer firmware (tested 2012-06-17).
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra (BL1202021933G)
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 Ultra I (BL1205921933G) - Boots kernel but won't run init ( mmc timeout waiting for interrupt )
• Silicon Power
• 32GB SDHC Class 6 (LS2N732GQON03ASP) - boots debian6-19-04-2012.img, but frequent slow response / system hangs.
• TDK
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (S404G1041) - Tried (end May 2012) with new kernel.img and start.elf [49] but still won't run init.
• 4GB SDHC Class 6 (S404G1046) [Barcode: 4 902030 784447] - Tried (4th June 2012) with debian6-19-04-2012.img and with replacement kernel.img and start.elf from github [50] but still got 'Error -84' and 'Kernel panic - not syncing: No init found'
• Transcend
• 2GB MicroSD (MMAGR02GUECA-MB) - reads fine initially after image was written on a PC, gives mmc0 timeout errors reading back data after writing a large amount (in this case with 'pacman -Syu'). Still seems to work, but is *very* slow after this happens, even across reboots.
• 32GB MicroSD (TS32GUSDHC4) - Doesn't boot.
• 2GB SD (6451AG 2G O2DS1)
• 16GB SD Class10 (TS16GSDHC10U1) - Doesn't Boot, show that "kernel panic - not syncing attempted to kill init"
• Veho
• 4GB SDHC Class 6
• Verbatim
• 16GB SDHC Class 6 (47178) - Raspbian Pisces RC3 - boots, but after login: mmc timeout waiting for interrupt
• 8GB microSD Class 10 (44012) - ArchLinux - boots, but after system update develops segmentation faults
• 8GB SDHC Class 10 (Premium) - Tested with September release of Raspbian and Debian Wheezy - both fail to boot with mmc errors.
The usual warnings against less reputable sellers (such as Ebay merchants) apply.
Note that the following error is sometimes accompanied with a non-working SD card after booting (on Debian):
mmc0: timeout waiting for hardware interrupt
Benchmarks
Foreign Language Translations
References
1. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/absolute-beginners/cheap-powered-usb-hub-uk/#p76452
2. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/keyboard-creates-kernal-panic/page-2
3. http://www.raspberrypi.org/forum/troubleshooting/keyboard-creates-kernal-panic/page-2
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2y6fijcshxcunir4vh3ncifidikeaaff
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{
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"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:53449",
"uncompressed_offset": 120238802,
"url": "itismymind.blogspot.com/2006/09/rude-people-getting-you-down-youre-not.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:58.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:cd222993-d106-41fc-a714-b7b838654acc>",
"warc_url": "http://itismymind.blogspot.com/2006/09/rude-people-getting-you-down-youre-not.html"
}
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Monday, September 18, 2006
Rude people getting you down? You're not alone
You know sometimes it's hard not to be rude today. Though it would be nice if someone appreciated some of the little things someone else did for them on this day. Even if it really wasn't very significant. What's touched upon in this article from the Sun-Times was people and their cell phones. I linked to another article about cell phones earlier this month. But this is what this article said...
"While there have always been rude people, I really believe that you began to see the decline of manners with the advent of the cell phone," says Leah Ingram, an etiquette consultant and author of The Everything Etiquette Book: A Modern Day Guide to Good Manners.
"Because people think that they can have phone conversations wherever and whenever they please, they assume that all other behavior that used to be private is fine in public, too," she says.
So not only is the problem getting worse -- it's getting louder.
I don't like it when people put some of their business out there on the phone on the train or anywhere for that matter. Some people need to keep that mess behind closed doors. Whatever is going on is not all that serious.
Oh man here is a good one, I really like this one...
"My personal peeve is folks who leave their shopping carts smack in the middle of parking spaces at Kramer's, our major in-town grocery," says Patti Davis of Hinsdale. "Though by no means a scientific survey, without fail the worst offenders are the people with the big Escalades, the prime BMWs, and the sleek Jags who dress to impress in Chanel or St. John to pick up their daily bread," she says.
I suppose having a few extra dollars to play around with doesn't exactly buy you class or good manners. Perhaps the people with the luxury cars and the designer clother really do think they're better than everybody. Well who knows what the reason for this is.
Now this I have ran into a few times sometime I can be guilty but sometimes even if you're able to do the right thing in this situation people can be straight nasty. Almost as if you did this on purpose and it was against them personally...
Eileen Oharisi of Chicago hates excuses. "I think it's rude how people misuse the words 'Excuse me,' " she says. "If you are standing in the way, I can say 'Excuse me' so to call your attention to the fact that I need to get by. If I step on your toes hard or use my bag to bump the back of your head on a train or bus, the words are 'I'm sorry,' not 'Excuse me.' I think people use the phrase to get out of being respectful or polite."
Here are some whys and what can be done about it...
"People are having fewer face-to-face conversations, so they are simply not as practiced in the techniques of civility," says Margaret Shepherd, author of The Art of Civilized Conversation.
"A culture of mass entertainment offers [children] talk shows and verbal slugfests as debased examples of conversation," she says. "Whole movie scenes are made up of action and repeated profanity instead of dialogue. ... Online chat is bereft of the voice tone, body language, touch, smell and facial expression of live conversation."
...
"As religious membership has dropped... the ability of religion to influence character has diminished," she says.
Parents aren't equipped to raise upstanding citizens, Alexander says. "We have little or no systematic parenting training in the country to teach basic skills, let alone teach parents how to build character in their children. As the divorce rates and single parenthood rates have gone up, children often don't learn character qualities from observing their parents interact. Parents are stressed and stretched thin trying to keep up with life in general."
Some kids just don't know any better, she says. "If you look at the messages in magazines, TV and movies that the children receive about behavior, is it any wonder that they are struggling?"
...
"You can always 'have it your way' at Burger King, but it doesn't work like that in daily life," say Amanda Cook and Bill Cessato. They were so appalled by the behavior they were witnessing that they started a "How Not to Be Dreadful" blog in July (www.notdreadful.com). "When people get all wrapped up in their own drama, they forget they are living in a community. Then the rudeness begins: storming around the grocery store, cutting in lines, honking incessantly in traffic, expecting others to clean up your mess and barking orders at bartenders and clerks while on the cell phone," they say in a joint e-mail.
To close this is something you can do about this problem. How do we stop this culture of rudeness...
Perhaps the answer is to look within. Yep, we're talking about you -- you may be part of the problem. Unsure (or in denial)? Check out www.emilypost.com, for starters, for all sorts of etiquette tips, like the list of top five mistakes men make: "Leaving the toilet seat up" isn't No. 1 -- but it should be.
If you're one of these people that are guilty of this you really need to make a change in your lives. Then be good role models for those kids who can use it. Our kids need to know better more than ever.
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2013-05-18T08:59:40.000Z
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7m2urpklkvu6q7wf4onww4vkn75yzpbv
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{
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"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:53454",
"uncompressed_offset": 124881364,
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"warc_url": "http://josm.openstreetmap.de/ticket/4012"
}
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Modify
Opened 3 years ago
Closed 21 months ago
#4012 closed defect (fixed)
NMEA files not zoomed after load
Reported by: fatbozz Owned by: team
Priority: normal Component: Core
Version: latest Keywords: nmea, zoom
Cc:
Description
Open any NMEA file
After load file isn zoomed to data, but zoom slider is set to 1000km
Attachments (0)
Change History (1)
comment:1 Changed 21 months ago by Cobra
• Resolution set to fixed
• Status changed from new to closed
Modify Ticket
Change Properties
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as closed .
as The resolution will be set. Next status will be 'closed'.
The resolution will be deleted. Next status will be 'reopened'.
Author
E-mail address and user name can be saved in the Preferences.
Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.
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2013-05-18T08:39:02.000Z
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6kygzcrib6xi3fuororogjwd6tpzpl2z
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{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:53482",
"uncompressed_offset": 157146973,
"url": "my.pagenation.com/kul/This%20Spot_101.7429_3.1938.map",
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This Spot is near 3/27c, J; is near 2/27c, L; is near 2a/27c, J; is near 8/27a, J; is near 5/27a, J; is near Wangsamas, J; is near 4/27c, J; is near 1/27c, J; This Spot is geographically located at latitude(3.1938 degrees) 3° 11' 37" North of the Equator and longitude (101.7429 degrees) 101° 44' 34" East of the Prime Meridian on the Map of Kuala Lumpur.
The locations related to This Spot are represented by the shortest path a radio wave would travel and may not be nearest by road. For example, This Spot is located 130 metres from Park Wangsa Maju 2 27c. This Spot is located 234 metres from Kolej SAL. This Spot is located 235 metres from Carrefour Wangsa Maju. This Spot is located 293 metres from Lojing Heights. This Spot is located 339 metres from Projet Wangsa Maju.
Flamingo Hotel 3.7km, Sucasa Corp Apartment 4km, De Palma Hotel 4.2km, are places to stay (hotel, service apartment, inn) located near This Spot.
Carrefour Wangsa Maju 0.2km, Shops Wangsa Melwati 4 1.1km, Sri Rampai Shops 1.2km, are places to shop (shopping mall, shop houses) located near This Spot.
Zoo Negara 2.5km, Flamingo Bowl 3.7km, P Ramlee Memorial 3.9km, are places of interest (attraction) located near This Spot.
Kolej SAL 0.2km, SJK Wangsa Maju Zon R10 0.5km, SMK Zon R5 R6 Wangsa Maju 0.6km, are places of learning (school, college, university) located near This Spot.
Park Wangsa Maju 2 27c 0.1km, Park Wangsa Maju 14 27a 0.6km, Park Jalan 51 26 Sri Rampai 0.9km, are parks, playgrounds, open fields or commons located near This Spot.
This Spot
Park Wangsa Maju 2 27c
Kolej SAL
Carrefour Wangsa Maju
Lojing Heights
Projet Wangsa Maju
WANGSA MAJU SEKSYEN 5 53300
SJK Wangsa Maju Zon R10
Park Wangsa Maju 14 27a
SMK Zon R5 R6 Wangsa Maju
TAMAN BUKIT 53300
TAMAN SETIWANGSA 54300
Sri Lojing Heights
Park Jalan 51 26 Sri Rampai
Kondominium Sri Ledang
Institute Terjemahan Negara
Kondominium Sri Kinabalu
Mobil 26 26 Setapak Jaya
Field Wangsa Siaga
Click here to zoom in
Where do you want to go?
Location Information
Latitude °
Longitude °
PlaceName
Category
This Spot
Park Jalan 85 26 Sri Rampai is about 1 km away.
Park Bukit Setiawangsa is about 1 km away.
Park Wangsa Budi 11 is about 1 km away.
Park Wangsa Maju 1 27d is about 1 km away.
Park 2 27d is about 1 km away.
Surau Wangsa Siaga is about 1.1 km away.
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Odom Lab
From OpenWetWare
Revision as of 09:52, 17 September 2011 by Odom (Talk | contribs)
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Odom laboratory
Home Members Research Pubs Protocols Pix Contact
We are located in the Cancer Research UK: Cambridge Research Institute, at the University of Cambridge
Addenbrooke's Biomedical Research Campus. Our research goal is to understand the systems-level
transcriptional mechanisms underlying mammalian cell specification which are often perturbed in cancer
using liver hepatocytes as a model cell-type.
CONGRATULATIONS to Claudia Kutter and Gordon Brown on their recent publication in Nature Genetics!
Lab Members
Research
• Transcription and transcriptional regulatory evolution in mammals
• Determinants of tissue-specific transcriptional regulation
• Origin and impact of CTCF binding in mammals
• Evolution of polymerase activity
Publications
Protocols
Links
Lab website at CRI
Contact us
Cancer Research UK
Cambridge Research Institute
Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE
dewikify
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Image:PHIX174 Research Log Jun-18-2012.txt
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PHIX174_Research_Log_Jun-18-2012.txt (file size: 4 KB, MIME type: text/plain)
Warning: This file may contain malicious code, by executing it your system may be compromised.
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Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
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"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/20448/"
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Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
Some people have just enough imagination to spoil their judgment. Mallory, Paul
This quote is about imagination · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
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"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/bookmark_users/45209/"
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Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
My other piece of advice, Copperfield, said Mr. Micawber, you know. Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteen nineteen six, result happiness. Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds ought and six, result misery. The blossom is blighted, the leaf is withered, the god of day goes down upon the dreary scene, andand, in short, you are for ever floored. As I am! Dickens, Charles
Source: CHARLES DICKENS, David Copperfield, chapter 12, p. 185 . First published 18491850. · This quote is about uncategorised · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Dickens, Charles ...
Charles John Huffam Dickens FRSA (7 February 1812 - 9 June 1870), pen-name "Boz", was an English novelist. During his career Dickens achieved massive worldwide popularity, winning acclaim for his rich storytelling and memorable characters. Considered one of the English language's greatest writers, he was the foremost novelist of the Victorian era as well as a vigorous social campaigner.
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It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote
I tried to give up drugs by drinking. Reed, Lou
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212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
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It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
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Let me be a little kinder, Let me be a little blinder To the faults about me; Let me praise a little more, Let me be, when I am weary; Just a little bit more cheery, Let me serve a little better Those that I am striving for. Let me be a little braver When temptation bids me waver, Let me strive a little harder To be all that I should be; Let me be a little meeker to the brother that is weaker; Let me think more of my neighbor and a little less of me. Unknown, Source
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212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
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War, he sung, is toil and trouble; Honor but an empty bubble. Dryden, John
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212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
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Tuesday, December 04, 2012
Money damages require harm, but not consumer perception evidence
Thermal Design, Inc. v. Guardian Bldg. Products, Inc., 2012 WL 5835797 (E.D. Wis.)
Previous decision discussed here, now abrogated in part as follows. Thermal Design moved for reconsideration of the court’s ruling that it couldn’t recover monetary damages. In a literal falsity case, a presumption of consumer deception applies, but only for injunctive relief. To recover monetary damages, a plaintiff must show more than a mere presumption. Evidence of actual consumer confusion is not required, but evidence of consumer reliance is required. These are related—confusion can be used to show reliance. But various forms of evidence can suffice: evidence of actual sales diversion; survey evidence; testimony from a dealer, distributor, or customer; evidence of eroding revenues and/or a corresponding increase in competitors’ revenues; or even common sense (with respect to false statements that would generally be expected to create a substantial competitive advantage).
With all that, Thermal Design’s motion was well-taken because it did submit an expert opinion on damages. Guardian argued that the opinion didn’t show consumer confusion, but confusion could be presumed in a literal falsity case. Thus, Thermal Design created a factual issue for trial.
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Nominatim usage policy
From OpenStreetMap Wiki
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This is an Acceptable Use Policy for the server running at nominatim.openstreetmap.org and does not apply to nominatim services run by yourself or other organisations
OSM's Nominatim service is mainly there to power the search bar on osm.org. We are in principle happy for the public API to be used by external users for creative and unexpected uses. However, be aware that the service runs on donated servers and has a very limited capacity. We therefore ask you to limit your use and adhere to this usage policy.
Contents
Requirements
• No heavy uses (an absolute maximum of 1 request/s).
• Provide a valid HTTP Referer or User-Agent identifying the application (stock User-Agents as set by http libraries will not do).
• Clearly display attribution as suitable for your medium.
• Data is provided under the ODbL licence which requires to share alike (although small extractions are likely to be covered by fair usage / fair dealing).
Websites and Apps
Use that is directly triggered by the end-user (for example, user searches for something) is ok, provided that your number of users is moderate. Note that the usage limits above apply per website/ application: the sum of traffic by all your users should not exceed the limits.
Apps must make sure that they can switch the service at our request at any time (in particular, switching should be possible without requiring a software update). If anyhow possible, set up a proxy and also enable caching of requests.
Bulk Geocoding
As a general rule, bulk geocoding of larger amounts of data is not encouraged. If you have regular geocoding tasks, please, look into alternatives below. Smaller one-time bulk tasks may be permissible, if these additional rules are followed
• limit your requests to a single thread
• limited to 1 machine only, no distributed scripts (including multiple Amazon EC2 instances or similar)
• Results must be cached on your side. Clients sending repeatedly the same query may be classified as faulty and blocked.
Unacceptable Use
The following uses are strictly forbidden and will get you banned:
• Auto-complete search This is not yet supported by Nominatim and you must not implement such a service on the client side using the API.
• Systematic queries This includes reverse queries in a grid, searching for complete lists of postcodes, towns etc. and downloading all POIs in an area. If you need complete sets of data, get it from the OSM planet or an extract.
• Scraping of details The details page is there for debugging only and may not be downloaded automatically.
Changes to this Policy
Please be aware that this usage policy may change without notice. In particular, the definition of heavy use may need to be modified in the future and you might have your access withdrawn. Commercial applications should keep that in mind when relying on this API for serving paying customers.
Alternatives
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Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
Disney Cruise Line
From Wikitravel
Jump to: navigation, search
Disney Magic cruising the Baltic Sea.
This article is a travel topic
Bringing Disney-style entertainment and theatrics to the high seas, Disney Cruise Line (DCL) [1] is an American cruise line owned and operated by the Walt Disney Company. Not surprisingly, the three majestic ships in the line appeal the most to families with children, but teens and adults also enjoy spending several days at sea with the Disney characters. Disney cruisers also have exclusive use of Castaway Cay, a private island in the Bahamas.
The line's fleet currently cruise the Bahamas and Caribbean out of Port Canaveral in Florida, as well as seasonally to Alaska from Vancouver and to Mexico from Los Angeles. Coming in 2012, there will be departures from New York City and Galveston, TX and in 2013 the Disney Wonder will call Miami home for about 5 months. Walt Disney World is only an hour away from Port Canaveral, and combining a cruise with a trip to the World is becoming more and more common. Expect to see these "Land and Sea" vacation packages coming soon to Disneyland, which is only a short distance from the Port of Los Angeles.
[edit] Understand
The Disney Cruise Line fleet is small compared to the other major lines, but Disney has placed their focus on quality over quantity. They've taken the design principles and customer service standards that make a Disney theme park such a memorable experience and adapted them to fit the cruising industry. On a Disney ship, you'll find multiple swimming pools, a Broadway-style theater, a full-service spa, world-class cuisine, happening night-spots, supervised areas just for kids, and more activities than you can shake your mouse ears at.
A Disney cruise isn't just for families with kids; while children are a major part of the line's customer base, they have taken great pains to entertain adults traveling solo (as well as parents who just want a break). Teens have their own spaces, too, where they can hang out with their peers instead of being sentenced to watch little siblings or to tag along with their parents.
[edit] History
In retrospect, it's a little surprising it took Disney so long to get into the cruising business. The industry seems a perfect fit for Disney's brand of entertainment, but it took a while to come to fruition.
Disney had partnered with Premier Cruise Line to provide ship-based components of combined vacation itineraries starting in the 1980s. Although Disney sold the vacation packages and provided some costumed characters for the cruises, eventually the company decided they could create a better experience—and keep more money in-house—by establishing their own cruise line.
In 1995, Disney commissioned their first two ships, the Disney Magic and the Disney Wonder. They're sister ships, nearly identical, both designed from the keel up to present an ocean-going version of their theme parks and hotels, one where the operational areas of the ship are kept carefully hidden from guest view. The Magic was completed in 1998, with the Wonder following a year later; both ships ported at Port Canaveral, where a dedicated Disney Cruise Line terminal opened in 1997.
Also part of the Cruise Line is Castaway Cay, a 1000-acre (4 km2) island in the Bahamas once known as Gorda Cay. Disney had purchased the island in the mid-80s (part of the 1984 film Splash was filmed there), and it turned out to be a perfect spot for large cruise ships. After making an existing natural harbor even deeper (and using the excavated sand to expand the beaches), Castaway Cay was born and incorporated into the new ships' itineraries.
After a almost decade of successful cruising, including occasional trips to the US west coast and to Europe, Disney announced plans to add two ships to the fleet. The Disney Dream and the Disney Fantasy would be about 40% larger than the Magic and the Wonder, with unique features including an enclosed overhead water coaster called the "AquaDuck". The Dream launched in January 2011, cruising from Port Canaveral. To make room for the Dream, the Disney Wonder moved to a new home at the Port of Los Angeles, from where it will sail to Mexico (with summertime cruises from Vancouver to Alaska).
[edit] Get on board
Disney Wonder at its former home port in Port Canaveral.
All Disney cruises are international. That means you will need your passport, and you will have to pass through Canadian or US Customs upon your return, even if you never left the ship. Take that into account when planning how to pack and what kind of souvenirs you buy.
If you don't have a passport yet, don't waste time; DCL requests that you provide them your passport number at least 75 days before your cruise!
Check-in typically begins at 10AM (10:30AM in Port Canaveral); embarkation begins at 1PM, and all passengers must be on board by 4PM (3:45PM in Los Angeles).
[edit] By bus
Whether your cruise departs from Port Canveral or from Los Angeles, Disney Cruise Line has motorcoaches that will take you from the airport or the theme park resort to the cruise terminal. In Florida, that's Orlando International Airport (MCO) and the Walt Disney World Resort; in California, you'll be coming from Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) and the Disneyland Resort; and in British Columbia, your only choice is Vancouver International Airport (YVR).
At the airport, just look for the blue-uniformed DCL cast members in the main airport terminal; at your Disney resort, ask about catching the bus at the front desk when you check in. Transportation is $35 one-way, or $69 round trip. The trip is about an hour (less in Vancouver), but you'll have a video to watch and the company of your fellow cruisers.
You also may have the luxury of not needing to keep track of your luggage. If you're flying from within the United States to either Orlando International or Los Angeles International, and you're going straight from the airport to the seaport, you can tag your luggage at your departure airport and not have to worry about it again until it arrives in your stateroom aboard the ship. This service is not available at Vancouver International; you'll need to claim your bags and then get them to the DCL bus. Of course, if you're flying internationally to any of the airports, you'll have to go through Customs with your luggage before handing it off to DCL.
You can, of course, also catch a bus back to the parks or the airport. You'll need to move your own luggage through Customs after debarkation, though.
[edit] By car
[edit] Port Canaveral
The Disney Cruise Line Terminal is among the "A" Cruise Terminals, at 9155 Charles M. Rowland Drive in Port Canaveral. No matter where you're coming from, you're going to want to get onto State Route 528, the Martin Andersen Beachline Expressway (though locals may still call it "The Bee Line"). Fortunately, that's not hard; the highway runs right along the north side of the airport. Route 528 can also be reached via I-4 (exit 72), Florida's Turnpike (exit 254), and I-95 (exit 205).
The Beachline is a toll road, with three toll plazas along its length. The total toll will be $3.25 from I-4 or the turnpike, $2.50 from the airport, or free from I-95. However you get on the Beachline, take it east across the state almost to the Atlantic Ocean; you'll cross the Intracoastal Waterway, Merritt Island, and the Banana River. Take the exit for Route 401 North, then just follow the signs.
[edit] Los Angeles
The World Cruise Center is at 600 North Harbor Boulevard (be careful: this is not the same road that forms Disneyland's eastern boundary) in San Pedro. Get on I-110 (via I-405 if you're coming from the airport) and take it south to Exit 1A; follow the signs for Harbor Boulevard, but go through the intersection and take your next right.
From Disneyland, take I-5 (it bounds Disneyland's northeast corner) north to Exit 113C to CA-91 west. Then, take Exit 12A to I-710 south, and finally take Exit 1C to reach Harbor Boulevard.
[edit] Vancouver
Canada Place is on the northern edge of Vancouver on the Burrard Inlet. You'll want to get on Provincial Route 99 and head north, across the Granville Bridge into the Central Business District. Hop over to Howe Street and take it all the way to the Bay, then follow the signs for the terminal.
[edit] Get around
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Green Valley
From Wikitravel
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Green Valley is a city in South Central Arizona.
[edit] Get in
[edit] Get around
[edit][add listing] See
• Titan Missile Museum, 1580 W. Duval Mine Rd., [1]. 8:45-5:00. The only remaining Titan Missile silo and one of only two former ICBM missile silos open in the country, this museum offers a great lesson on the Cold War. See the missile up close in its silo and take a tour of the underground facilities where USAF crews spent decades living underground waiting for the launch order which never came. Hourly one-hour tours are $10 (adults)/$6 (children), with much longer (non-daily) tours available. $10-60. edit
[edit][add listing] Do
There are many golf clubs and courses in this area. Here are a few:
• Haven Public Golf Course
110 N Abrego Dr Green Valley, AZ 85614-2928 (520) 625-4281
• Canoa Hills Golf Course
1401 W Calle Pueblo Green Valley, AZ 85622 (520) 648-1880
• Torres Blancas
3233 S Abrego Dr Green Valley, AZ 85614-5701 (520) 625-5200 torresblancasgolf.com
• San Ignacio Golf Club
4201 S Camino Del Sol Green Valley, AZ 85622-5086 (520) 648-3468
With golf courses, shopping plazas, clubs, volunteer organizations, medical facilities, places of worship and recreation centers
[edit][add listing] Buy
[edit][add listing] Eat
• Lavender Restaurant, 77 E Paseo de Golf, Green Valley, AZ, (520) 648-0205, [2]. French-American cuisine edit
[edit][add listing] Drink
[edit][add listing] Sleep
[edit] Get out
Routes through Green Valley
ENDTucson N S NogalesNogales
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Difference between revisions of "Eastern Anatolia"
From Wikitravel
Europe : Turkey : Eastern Anatolia
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(Talk: some on languages in the region)
(See: + muradiye waterfalls)
Line 45: Line 45:
==See==
==See==
+
* <see name="Muradiye Waterfalls" alt="Muradiye Şelalesi" address="" directions="" phone="" email="" fax="" url="" hours="" price="">A quite large waterfall, usually getting frozen in winter. It is north of [[Muradiye]], which is about 80 km north of [[Van]], off the highway to [[Dogubeyazit|Doğubeyazıt]].</see>
==Do==
==Do==
Revision as of 23:31, 5 February 2010
Eastern Anatolia (Turkish: Doğu Anadolu) is a region in Turkey. It occupies the mountainous east of the country and has the harshest winters.
Contents
Provinces
• Ağrı Province
• Ardahan Province
• Bingöl Province
• Bitlis Province
• Elazığ Province
• Erzincan Province
• Erzurum Province
• Hakkâri Province
• Iğdır Province
• Kars Province
• Malatya Province
• Muş Province
• Tunceli Province
• Van Province
Cities
• Darende
• Dogubeyazit - town on Iranian border, fascinating Ishak Pasa Palace is located nearby.
• Erzincan
• Erzurum - biggest city of the region, near Palandöken Ski Centre.
• Kars - city in northeast, with interesting Russian architecture.
• Malatya
• Muş
• Tatvan - on the western coast of Lake Van, eastern terminus of railway from Istanbul, with ferry connections to Van and then on to Iran.
• Van - city on the eastern coast of Lake Van, with some remnants from Urartu civilization and some Armenian monasteries, too.
Other destinations
Understand
Covering an area in which you can fit in four Switzerlands with still some more room, but with a population of just over 6 million, Eastern Anatolia is all about vast landscapes of mountainous terrain, with occasional flat-ish plateau inflitrated inbetween.
Talk
In the eastern and southeastern areas (near Iranian border and around Lake Van) of the region, the mother tongue of most locals is Kurdish. However most locals, especially younger ones, are also bilingual in Turkish, although heavily accented in most cases.
Zaza may also be heard in certain locales.
Get in
Get around
See
• Muradiye Waterfalls (Muradiye Şelalesi). A quite large waterfall, usually getting frozen in winter. It is north of Muradiye, which is about 80 km north of Van, off the highway to Doğubeyazıt.
Do
Eat
Drink
Stay safe
Get out
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
1364.0.15.001 - Treasury Model of the Australian Economy -- TSP Version, Jun 2009
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 14/10/2009
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• About this Release
The Treasury Macro-Economic (TRYM) model of the Australian economy has been developed and is used within the Commonwealth Treasury of Australia. The TRYM model was designed to assist in policy analysis and forecasting at the macro-economic level. The result is a model that is ideal for understanding the workings of the Australian economy and for economic research and analysis. The database is separately available as part of the Modellers' Database (cat. no. 1364.0.15.003). The TSP version of TRYM allows users to access individual equations and comes with a user guide for using TRYM in TSP. Users will need a copy of TSP Version 5.0 to run this version of the Model
To subscribe to the TRYM model, please phone the Database Manager (02) 6252 7037.
Technical issues in the TRYM model relating to the change of the National Accounts and Balance of Payments data to the new SNA08 and BPM6 standards are still being resolved. Therefore, the September quarter 2009 issue of the Treasury Model of the Australian Economy - TSP version (ABS cat. no. 1364.0.15.001) and the Modeller's database (ABS cat. no. 1364.0.15.003) will not be released as advertised on the 3rd February 2010.
The next release of these publications will be the December quarter 2009 issue and is scheduled for April 14th. 2010.
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
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1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 1941
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 01/01/1941
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DISTRIBUTION OF WHEAT ACREAGE IN AUSTRALIA, 1938-39 (MAP)
Distribution of wheat acreage in Australia, 1938-39 (map) feature article.
This article can be found in Year Book Australia, No. 34, 1941, p. 451
The publication has been scanned from the paper version using character recognition software which provides a full-text searching capability once downloaded.
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1292.0 - Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC), 1993
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9511 Video Hire Outlets
This class consists of units mainly engaged in hiring pre-recorded video cassettes for personal use.
Primary Activities
Pre-recorded video cassettes hiring to the general public
9519 Personal and Household Goods Hiring n.e.c.
This class consists of units mainly engaged in hiring personal or household goods n.e.c..
Primary Activities
Bicycles hiring; Camping equipment hiring; Domestic appliance hiring; Fishing tackle hiring; Furniture hiring; Hiring of personal or household goods n.e.c.; Hobby equipment hiring; Photographic equipment hiring; Refrigerator hiring; Snow skis hiring; Sound reproducing equipment, household, hiring; Sporting equipment hiring; Stoves or heaters hiring; Television hiring; Video recorder or equipment hiring; Washing machine hiring
Previous PageNext Page
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
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ATTAINMENT
Year 12 or formal qualification at Certificate II or above
Non-school qualification
Literacy and numeracy skills
PARTICIPATION
Participation and retention
Participation in non-school qualification
Work related learning
EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT
Not fully engaged in education and/or employment
Starting salaries
EDUCATION LINKS
Glossary
Data Cubes
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Australian Bureau of Statistics
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5673.0.55.003 - Regional Wage and Salary Earner Statistics, Australia - Data Cubes , 2002-03
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 21/09/2005
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MOBILedit!
From Forensics Wiki
Revision as of 11:42, 9 April 2009 by Cell Forensics (Talk | contribs)
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File:40px-Ambox warning pn.png
This article, and others, needs to be wikified.
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MOBILedit! is an application that provides an interface between a cell phone and a personal computer. It is designed to help improve productivity and communication by allowing input using the computer to be downloaded into the phone. It it used to send photos, SMS messages, documents, and other important data to and from a cell phone.
Versions
There are two versions of MOBILedit!. MOBILedit! Lite is designed for the casual user, while MOBILedit! Forensics is to help aid in forensic investigations. MOBILedit! Lite is available as an evaluation version and can be purchased for $25. It supports more makes and models than any other program of its type. It allows edits to anything from the time on the phone to the contacts in the phonebook, all from a computer. It also can backup all the information on the phone to a computer in case you lose the phone. This makes for an easy way to get everything back onto the new phone.
This application allows communication with phones via BlueTooth, Infrared, or cable, depending on the model of phone. The basic drivers for each phone are installed with the program. However, if another driver is needed, they can be downloaded from the website assuming the phone is supported.
The #1 Distributor in the world for MOBILedit Forensic! is Cell Forensics. (see: www.cellforensics.com)
Features
As a cell phone forensics software tool, MOBILedit! has the ability to:
• send SMS messages and phone calls directly from a computer connected to a cell phone
• monitor a cell phone's battery life, signal quality, and the current network operator
• display everything on a phone to the screen of a computer, allowing easier use of the phone.
• allow the user to control a phone from a personal computer.
• synchronize e-mail onto a cell phone with Microsoft Outlook
• configure multiple devices to connect to MOBILedit!.
• generate secure reports in any language
• create specific templates for specific functions and insert gathered data into a template
All functions of the program are on the main screen and it looks much like that of Microsoft Outlook. It is also fully compatible with Microsoft Outlook, allowing the user to synchronize email onto his or her phone with Outlook. Multiple devices can be configured to connect to MOBILedit!.
MOBILedit! collects all the data from the mobile phone and generates an extensive report onto a PC that can be saved or printed. MOBILedit! Forensic is a fully enabled forensic cellular phone solution with the architecture that in the future should be able to support virtually all cellular phones. MOBILedit! Forensic allows for the customization of the output from the cell phone which makes the data completely adaptable to the needs of each judicial system. MOBILedit! Forensic also has frequent updates and upgrades.
MOBILedit! Forensic has the ability to generate reports in any language. The ability to create specific templates for specific functions is also a function of MOBILedit!. These template files can be created in tools such as MS Word and many other text editors. MOBILedit! Forensic will read this template and insert all data gathered from the device. This means that there is no need to import or export stubs of data from SIM cards or phones.
The reports that MOBILedit! Forensic generates are secure, as the final report document is created automatically. MOBILedit! Forensic is read-only, thereby preventing changes in the device, avoiding potentially damaging losses of evidence. All items are also protected against later modifications by a hash code used in digital signatures. All blocks of data, such as the phonebook, are protected by the MD5 hash algorithm. Each item has its own MD5 code to help quickly locate the possible place of modification.
MOBILedit! also has the ability to generate reports from devices presently connected to the computer, as well as from phones that were connected in the past using a backup file.
MOBILedit! is designed with architecture similar to that of operating systems. The result is that you can add new applications and drivers, and in the same way that Windows or Linux resolves the complexity of computer hardware, MOBILedit! reconciles the differences between mobile phones. MOBILedit! supports adding applications to enhance its functionality for future phones and new features. For example, if a phone supports MMS, one can add an MMS application to MOBILedit!; one can add the ability to edit, upload, or download pictures, control a camera and view movies.
In addition to applications, drivers can also be added, which cover the differences between mobile phones at a low-level. Therefore, any mobile phone can be supported. The driver interface is open, COMPELSON Labs offers the source codes of their drivers.
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About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents
Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology
Volume 2009 (2009), Article ID 197132, 2 pages
doi:10.1155/2009/197132
Editorial
Hypotheses on Mechanisms Linking Cardiovascular and Psychiatric/Neurological Disorders
The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Received 16 September 2009; Accepted 16 September 2009
Copyright © 2009 Hari Manev. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This special issue of Cardiovascular Psychiatry and Neurology marks its first year since we launched the open access journal dedicated to publishing original preclinical/basic and research on biological mechanisms of and treatments for co-occurring cardiovascular disorders and disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). As suggested earlier (by the paper entitled “The heart-brain connection begets cardiovascular psychiatry and neurology” by Hari Manev), at least three scenarios could be at play in these disorders: (1) the primary pathological mechanism in the cardiovascular system triggers a nervous system dysfunction, (2) the primary pathological mechanism in the nervous system triggers a cardiovascular pathology by disrupting the physiological links between the two systems, and (3) the primary pathology is in a biological mechanism that is normally operative in both the nervous and the cardiovascular systems, thus causing the cooccurrence of pathologies, that is, the cooccurring pathologies share a pathobiological mechanism but do not necessarily cause each other. The ongoing research explores the validity of these conceptual scenarios.
Whereas the evidence for the association of cardiovascular and CNS disorders derives primarily from epidemiological studies, direct evidence and experimental data are just beginning to emerge to support this notion. Difficulties in directly demonstrating and explaining the cooccurrence of cardiovascular and CNS disorders lie in part in the limitations of their respective animal models (in particular animal models of psychiatric disorders) and in part in conceptual uncertainties regarding the mechanisms linking heart-brain pathologies that hamper respective clinical research. Historically, bold hypotheses along with serendipitous observations have been instrumental in breakthrough discoveries.
This collection of hypotheses on mechanisms linking cardiovascular and psychiatric/neurological disorders has been assembled with the goal of stimulating discussions in this field of bioscience and medicine. The postulated mechanisms range from molecular targets and pathways (the papers by Sébastien S. Hébert entitled “Putative role of microRNA regulated pathways in comorbid neurological and cardiovascular disorders”, by David P. Gavin and Rajiv P. Sharma entitled “Chromatin from peripheral blood mononuclear cells as biomarkers for epigenetic abnormalities in schizophrenia”, by Neil R. Smalheiser entitled “Do neural cells communicate with endothelial cells via secretory exosomes and microvesicles?” by Stephen D. Skaper and Pietro Giusti entitled “P2X7 receptors as a transducer in the cooccurrence of neurological/psychiatric and cardiovascular disorders: A hypothesis”, by Charles D Nichols entitled “Serotonin 5-HT2A receptor function as a contributing factor to both neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular diseases” by Hu Chen entitled “Possible role of platelet GluR1 receptors in comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease”, by Susana Roque, Margarida Correia Neves, Ana Raquel Mesquita, Joana Almeida Palha, and Nuno Sousa entitled “Interleukin-10: A key cytokine in depression?” by Jin Chu and Domenico Praticò entitled “The 5-Lipoxygenase as a common pathway for pathological brain and vascular aging”, by Jane Pei-Chen Chang, Yi-Ting Chen, and Kuan-Pin Su entitled “Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and depression: The Missing Link?” by Janusz K. Rybakowski entitled “Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9)—a mediating enzyme in cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neuropsychiatric disorders”, and by Thomas Müller entitled “Possible treatment concepts for the Levodopa related hyperhomocysteinemia”) to system functioning (the papers by Britta A. Larsen and Nicholas J. S. Christenfeld entitled “Cardiovascular disease and psychiatric comorbidity: The potential role of perseverative cognition” and by Hadar Shalev, Yonatan Serlin, and Alon Friedman entitled “Breaching the blood-brain barrier as a gate to psychiatric disorder”). We hope that exploring the hypotheses presented in this special issue and, more generally, focusing on the putative mechanisms of the cooccurrence of cardiovascular and CNS disorders will help us to identify unexpected and novel therapeutic targets and to ultimately lead to better treatment of both types of disorders.
Hari Manev
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About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents
Economics Research International
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 961316, 4 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/961316
Research Article
Oligopolistic Banks, Bounded Rationality, and the Credit Cycle
Department of Economics, University of Erfurt, Nordhäuser Straße 63, PF 900 221, 99105 Erfurt, Germany
Received 29 March 2012; Accepted 20 June 2012
Academic Editor: Raouf Boucekkine
Copyright © 2012 Tobias F. Rötheli. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This paper studies how boundedly rational default expectations affect the credit cycle. I propose a simple model of oligopolistic bank competition which serves to compare situations with just a portion of boundedly rational banks to situations where either all banks are rational or all banks are boundedly rational. When all banks are boundedly rational, the credit cycle is most amplified relative to the situation where all banks are rational. However, the amplifying effect of bounded rationality on the side of banks largely remains even when only a portion of banks are boundedly rational. Hence, the interest rate decisions of a minority of boundedly rational banks induce the more rational competitors to aggravate the credit cycle.
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About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents
Mathematical Problems in Engineering
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 757828, 18 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/757828
Research Article
Fault Detection for Industrial Processes
State Laboratory of Synthesis Automation of Process Industry, Northeastern University, Liaoning, Shenyang 110004, China
Received 23 August 2012; Accepted 15 November 2012
Academic Editor: Huaguang Zhang
Copyright © 2012 Yingwei Zhang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
A new fault-relevant KPCA algorithm is proposed. Then the fault detection approach is proposed based on the fault-relevant KPCA algorithm. The proposed method further decomposes both the KPCA principal space and residual space into two subspaces. Compared with traditional statistical techniques, the fault subspace is separated based on the fault-relevant influence. This method can find fault-relevant principal directions and principal components of systematic subspace and residual subspace for process monitoring. The proposed monitoring approach is applied to Tennessee Eastman process and penicillin fermentation process. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Bibliography: Night Visions 4
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Title: Night Visions 4
Editor: Paul J. Mikol
Year: 1987
Type: ANTHOLOGY
Series: Night Visions
Series Number: 4
ISFDB Record Number: 1273623
User Rating: This title has fewer than 5 votes. VOTE
Current Tags: None Add Tags
Variant Titles:
Awards:
Publications:
Reviews:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
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Entropy 2010, 12(5), 1006-1020; doi:10.3390/e12051006
Article
Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Energy Systems with Sustainability Considerations
1 School of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, 157 80 Zografou, Greece 2 Athanasiou Krinou 10, 84 100 Ermoupoli, Syros, Greece
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 25 February 2010; in revised form: 8 March 2010 / Accepted: 23 April 2010 / Published: 27 April 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exergy: Analysis and Applications)
Download PDF Full-Text [6551 KB, uploaded 27 April 2010 13:53 CEST]
Abstract: A multi-criteria approach is presented for the assessment of alternative means for covering the energy needs (electricity and heat) of an industrial unit, taking into consideration sustainability aspects. The procedure is first described in general terms: proper indicators are defined; next they are grouped in order to form sub-indices, which are then used to determine the composite sustainability index. The procedure is applied for the evaluation of three alternative systems. The three systems are placed in order of preference, which depends on the criteria used. In addition to conclusions reached as a result of the particular case study, recommendations for future work are given.
Keywords: energy systems; exergy analysis; multi-criteria evaluation; sustainability
Article Statistics
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Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Frangopoulos, C.A.; Keramioti, D.E. Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Energy Systems with Sustainability Considerations. Entropy 2010, 12, 1006-1020.
AMA Style
Frangopoulos CA, Keramioti DE. Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Energy Systems with Sustainability Considerations. Entropy. 2010; 12(5):1006-1020.
Chicago/Turabian Style
Frangopoulos, Christos A.; Keramioti, Despoina E. 2010. "Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Energy Systems with Sustainability Considerations." Entropy 12, no. 5: 1006-1020.
Entropy EISSN 1099-4300 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
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29 Bible Verses about Answered Prayer
1 John 5:14-15 ESV / 90 helpful votes
And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us. And if we know that he hears us in whatever we ask, we know that we have the requests that we have asked of him.
John 15:7 ESV / 84 helpful votes
If you abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask whatever you wish, and it will be done for you.
Mark 11:24 ESV / 70 helpful votes
Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours.
Matthew 7:7 ESV / 48 helpful votes
“Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.
Hebrews 11:6 ESV / 34 helpful votes
And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.
John 15:16 ESV / 29 helpful votes
You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide, so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you.
1 John 3:22 ESV / 25 helpful votes
And whatever we ask we receive from him, because we keep his commandments and do what pleases him.
1 John 1:9 ESV / 22 helpful votes
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
James 5:16 ESV / 20 helpful votes
Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.
1 Thessalonians 5:17 ESV / 20 helpful votes
Pray without ceasing,
Luke 18:1 ESV / 19 helpful votes
And he told them a parable to the effect that they ought always to pray and not lose heart.
Jeremiah 33:3 ESV / 19 helpful votes
Call to me and I will answer you, and will tell you great and hidden things that you have not known.
1 Timothy 2:8 ESV / 16 helpful votes
I desire then that in every place the men should pray, lifting holy hands without anger or quarreling;
Romans 15:13 ESV / 16 helpful votes
May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit you may abound in hope.
Isaiah 65:24 ESV / 13 helpful votes
Before they call I will answer; while they are yet speaking I will hear.
Ephesians 6:18 ESV / 12 helpful votes
Praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,
Job 1:1-22 ESV / 12 helpful votes
There was a man in the land of Uz whose name was Job, and that man was blameless and upright, one who feared God and turned away from evil. There were born to him seven sons and three daughters. He possessed 7,000 sheep, 3,000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, and 500 female donkeys, and very many servants, so that this man was the greatest of all the people of the east. His sons used to go and hold a feast in the house of each one on his day, and they would send and invite their three sisters to eat and drink with them. And when the days of the feast had run their course, Job would send and consecrate them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts.” Thus Job did continually. ...
2 Chronicles 7:14 ESV / 11 helpful votes
If my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven and will forgive their sin and heal their land.
Hebrews 11:1 ESV / 10 helpful votes
Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen.
Acts 13:1-3 ESV / 10 helpful votes
Now there were in the church at Antioch prophets and teachers, Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen a member of the court of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul. While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.” Then after fasting and praying they laid their hands on them and sent them off.
John 16:23-24 ESV / 10 helpful votes
In that day you will ask nothing of me. Truly, truly, I say to you, whatever you ask of the Father in my name, he will give it to you. Until now you have asked nothing in my name. Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full.
Acts 22:16 ESV / 9 helpful votes
And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized and wash away your sins, calling on his name.’
Jeremiah 29:12 ESV / 8 helpful votes
Then you will call upon me and come and pray to me, and I will hear you.
2 Corinthians 1:3-11 ESV / 7 helpful votes
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies and God of all comfort, who comforts us in all our affliction, so that we may be able to comfort those who are in any affliction, with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God. For as we share abundantly in Christ's sufferings, so through Christ we share abundantly in comfort too. If we are afflicted, it is for your comfort and salvation; and if we are comforted, it is for your comfort, which you experience when you patiently endure the same sufferings that we suffer. Our hope for you is unshaken, for we know that as you share in our sufferings, you will also share in our comfort. ...
Psalm 40:1 ESV / 7 helpful votes
To the choirmaster. A Psalm of David. I waited patiently for the Lord; he inclined to me and heard my cry.
Psalm 37:4 ESV / 7 helpful votes
Delight yourself in the Lord, and he will give you the desires of your heart.
Jeremiah 1:12 ESV / 6 helpful votes
Then the Lord said to me, “You have seen well, for I am watching over my word to perform it.”
Isaiah 59:2 ESV / 6 helpful votes
But your iniquities have made a separation between you and your God, and your sins have hidden his face from you so that he does not hear.
Isaiah 1:18 ESV / 6 helpful votes
“Come now, let us reason together, says the Lord: though your sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they are red like crimson, they shall become like wool.
Suggest a Verse
Enter a Verse Reference (e.g., John 3:16-17)
Visit the Bible online to search for words if you don’t know the specific passage your’re looking for.
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Todd:Teaching
From OpenWetWare
Revision as of 00:12, 5 May 2012 by Matthew Todd (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Home Contact Internal People Papers Research Teaching Links News Construction
Notes
It's very important to realise that we may not go through everything in class. Handouts remains the best guide to what is examinable. A better guide: past papers.
Chem3111/3911 Students - Notes will gradually appear here. I know I'm late with these.
Lecture 1 - Provisional Handout is here: L1 Handout. Page is here: Mat Todd's First 3x11 Lecture
Lecture 2 - Provisional Handout is here: L2 Handout. Page is here: Mat Todd's Second 3x11 Lecture
Lecture 3 - Provisional Handout is here: L3 Handout. Page is here: Mat Todd's Third 3x11 Lecture
Lecture 4 - Provisional Handout is here: L4 Handout. Page is here: Mat Todd's Fourth 3x11 Lecture
Lecture 5 - Provisional Handout is here: L5 Handout. Page is here: Mat Todd's Fifth 3x11 Lecture
There will be old-style PDF handouts posted before the lectures. I will also make wiki pages with more detail/description. These should be basically complete after the lecture, but I may add things as the semester goes on. Best thing to do, if you're worried about the exam, is to do past papers.
Some sources/books:
If you use Wikipedia, be aware it might be wrong. If it is, don't complain - fix it!
How to Interact with Mat if you're a Sydney Chem Student
There are several ways to get in touch with me if you have a question about one of my courses, or you just want to sit back and talk about Organic Chemistry. My office is Room 517, Level 5 of the School of Chemistry. I have office hours during semester 11:30 to 12:30 on Wednesdays. Office hours are when I'm guaranteed to be available either in the office or online. It's very likely at other times I'll be busy (we do research when we're not teaching), so you can try to email me to set up an appointment. If you see me in the School, or generally around, just talk to me about science.
Online, you can send me a tweet, leave a message on Facebook or step up to Mat's new Google+ account (please post "publicly"). These tools are really good because everyone else can see what we're talking about. If none of these work, Blackboard is always an option, if you must. So: during office hours I will reply to questions in person in my office, or I will be online to answer questions in real time.
If you just want to zone out and watch some organic chemistry demos, check this out.
Personal tools
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User:Matthew R Lockett
From OpenWetWare
Revision as of 17:50, 8 August 2008 by Matthew R Lockett (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
I am a new member of OpenWetWare!
Contents
Contact Info
Matthew R Lockett (an artistic interpretation)
• Matthew R Lockett
• University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison Area Technical College
• Address 1
• Address 2
• City, State, Country etc.
• Email me through OpenWetWare
I work in the Your Lab at XYZ University. I learned about OpenWetWare from epernicus, and I've joined because None specified.
Education
• PhD in Progress, University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 2004, BS in Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh
Research interests
1. Developing new surface chemistries for the fabrication of small molecule/biomolecule arrays on carbanaceous materials (i.e. amorphous carbon, glassy carbon, diamond, etc)
2. Identifying small molecule-protein, DNA-protein, and protein-protein interactions with SPR and MALDI-MS
3. Metabolomic profiling procedures
Publications
1. Goldbeter A and Koshland DE Jr. . pmid:6947258. PubMed HubMed [Paper1]
2. JACOB F and MONOD J. . pmid:13718526. PubMed HubMed [Paper2]
leave a comment about a paper here
3. Mark Ptashne. A genetic switch. Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2004. isbn:0879697164. [Book1]
All Medline abstracts: PubMed HubMed
Useful links
Personal tools
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QNAP Offers iSignager Remote Control System for Chain Store Business Users
Printer-friendly versionPDF version
Taipei, Taiwan, March 11, 2013 – QNAP® Systems, Inc. introduced the digital signage system with remote management solution, the iSignager, for chain store business users. The iSignager remote control system enables business owners to remotely manage and update digital content from one point of site to other connected digital signage players. Featuring a new digital control panel and the emergency alert function, the iSignager remote control system efficiently improves efficiency in management and flexibility on content display.
“The flexibility of the iSignager remote control system is rather useful for business users, especially chain stores,” said Sam Wang, product manager of QNAP. Managers who manage multiple stores often encounter insufficiency in maintaining the digital signage content respectively at each local side. “The iSignager remote control system effectively resolves this problem, and provides a remote control solution for centralized management. It is convenient and user friendly,” added Wang.
While many digital signage software products come with complicated functions and unfriendly setting procedures, QNAP digital signage player simplifies the management user interface and operation process. With the iSignager remote control system, users can operate the software on one site as control center, and remotely manage other digital signage players on different locations.
The iSignager enables remote control and makes it easy for users to get information from other connected digital signage players. In addition to content management, the iSignager allows to centrally command power on/off time setting. Whenever system errors occur, such as abnormal CPU temperature and loss of connection, users can be well alerted immediately. Moreover, the hardware watchdog timer allows the system to react or restart automatically.
The iSignager remote control system enables multiple digital signage players to play the identical layout content and to reboot automatically. The solution greatly helps businesses increase management efficiency and save cost.
Availability
For more information about QNAP digital signage, please visit http://www.qnap.com/en/index.php?lang=en&sn=822&c=1654
About QNAP
QNAP Systems, Inc., as its brand promise "Quality Network Appliance Provider", aims to deliver comprehensive offerings of cutting edge network attached storage (NAS) and network video recorder (NVR) solutions featured with ease-of-use, robust operation, large storage capacity, and trustworthy reliability. QNAP integrates technologies and designs to bring forth quality products that effectively improve business efficiency on file sharing, virtualization applications, storage management and surveillance in the business environments, as well as enrich entertainment life for home users with the offering of a fun multimedia center experience. Headquartered in Taipei, QNAP delivers its solutions to the global market with nonstop innovation and passion.
News Source : QNAP Offers iSignager Remote Control System for Chain Store Business Users
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