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https://openalex.org/W2472499941
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Attempts to Industrial Reforms in Algeria: Do they fit the Logic of Globalization?
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"Algeria"
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Since its independence in 1962, Algeria, as an oil producing country, undertook the construction of a socialist economy supported by heavy industrialisation and substantial investment in human capital. This strategy of development was based on state-led industrialization, after it nationalized almost the whole economy in 1966. However, this policy focused on establishing large state enterprises and investing heavily in the public sector while not allowing any significant role for the private sector. This rapid industrialization resulted in severe inefficiencies in the productive capacity of various industries and generated fiscal imbalances in the mid-1970s, which constrained Algeria’s ability to continue its expansionary industrial policy. The reversal of oil and gas prices in 1986 made the situation even worse and the state-owned industrial sector remained a heavy burden for the government because of its low productivity and lack of competitiveness. Under these troublesome and shaky political and economic atmospheres, economic reforms was introduced in the 1990s in order to change the Algerian business context from one of state-centered, control orientation, to a free, open market orientation. Furthermore, privatization was imposed on the country by the international monetary fund (IMF) supported adjustment program, as one of the main pillars of these economic reforms, and the right tool to rescue the ill functioning economy and make local industries more efficient and globally competitive. Despite a number of years of economic reform and adjustment, the privatization process in Algeria never really took off, and the country’s industrial efficiency is still relatively weak. Rapid decline and deindustrialization characterize the period from 1980 to the present. However, attempts at industrial reforms have not yet started to show any signs of improvement in its performance. Nonhydrocarbon exports account for a small share of total exports (less than 5 percent) and the oil sector remains a dominant feature of Algeria’s economy, making it vulnerable to changes in world oil markets.
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https://openalex.org/W4226496656
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INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION IN ALGERIA
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4226496656
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The main objective of our work is to determine whether the Algerian economic policy adopted since independence can claim sustainable development from an economic point of view, and how this could be accomplish in harmony with environmental protection. In order to achieve the objective of this study, we used an approach that consists of examining the main causes of the ecological problems in relation to the economic policy implemented by the Algerian state. The analysis of the results obtained led us to identify the link between economic and industrial policies and the modification of the environmental situation in Algeria.
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https://openalex.org/W4235975626
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Trade Rules, Industrial Policy and Competitiveness: Implications for Africa’s Development
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4235975626
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Industrialization is one of the cardinal priorities for economies in dynamic transformation from a commodity base to a diversified value-added development stage. In major African economies, as in other economies worldwide, industrial policy is resurgent and back at the centre of economic policy. The sectors in focus revolve around manufacturing, textiles and clothing, footwear, automobiles, infrastructure, information technology products, petrochemicals, aluminium smelting, agro- and cut flower industries. African economies actively applying industrial policy include Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda and South Africa.
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[] |
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https://openalex.org/W2532695673
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Trade Rules, Industrial Policy and Competitiveness: Implications for Africa's Development
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Industrialization is one of the cardinal priorities for economies in dynamic transformation from a commodity base to a diversified value-added development stage. In major African economies, as in other economies worldwide, industrial policy is resurgent and back at the centre of economic policy. The sectors in focus revolve around manufacturing, textiles and clothing, footwear, automobiles, infrastructure, information technology products, petrochemicals, aluminium smelting, agro- and cut flower industries. African economies actively applying industrial policy include Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda and South Africa.
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https://openalex.org/W3181457389
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The New Industrial Strategy in a Context of Financial Contraction in Algeria
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3181457389
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Industrial development has gained a position of strength in the successive debates on the realization of economic development projects, accentuated by exceptional progress of new technologies, such as innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship, with a tremendous growth of more innovative companies in terms of production, service delivery or simply concentrated on resell. One can, of course, invoke innumerable theoretical and literary arguments about the contribution of the industrial sector in the economic growth, starting from the works and approaches of the classics and neo-classics, particularly the most contemporary ones, like Rosenstein-Rodan, Myrdal, Nurkse, Hirschman, and many others, as long as the debate focused on the means and instruments to benefit States, provided that it is well managed. Algeria has been well engaged in the implementation of an industrialization strategy, through some programs and projects of revival of the industrial apparatus, in particular the model, globally recognized,” industrializing industries” in order to find alternatives for import substitution and the establishment of an industrial platform capable of raising the level of economic development upwards, and above. Indeed, industrial policy has become hostage of energy and hydrocarbon policy, as long as all investments and efforts have been made and directed in the promotion of the extractive industries, since the oil markets have created opportunities an for financing economic projects, leaving behind other components of the industrial sector, especially manufacturing industries. Taking this into account and in another effort to break away from the grip of the oil sector, the Algerian State turned to a new industrial policy and strategy, which will be more interested in the promotion of manufacturing industries, but this becomes relatively complicated and delicate, in view of the deterioration of public revenues and the possibility of drying up of revenues, as a consequence of the fall in oil prices, leaving, thus, puzzled economic decision-makers on the appropriate means of financing and accompanying this step. We will try, through this paper, to examine the planned and tracked modalities for such a large project, given the economic and financial context, which calls for greater prudence and the rationalization of public expenditures and their targeting.
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https://openalex.org/W1520454540
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Ownership and Control of Oil: Explaining Policy Choices across Producing Countries
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1520454540
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1. Rethinking the Ownership and Control of Oil 1. The Rising and Waning Star of IOCs 2. Empirical Puzzle and Research Question. The Picture since the 1970s 3. The Research Relevance 4. Roadmap 2. Upstream Sector Policy in the Oil Industry 1. The Political Economy of the Oil Sector 1.1. The Institutional Set-Up for Policy-Making in the Oil Sector 1.2. The Commercial versus Non-Commercial Ends of the Range 2. Upstream Sector Policy 2.1. Conceptual Insights 2.2. State Control versus Economic Performance 2.3. Upstream Sector Policy Tools 2.3.1. NOC Creation .2.3.2. Other Tools 2.3.2.1. Legal Arrangements 2.3.2.2. Fiscal Systems 3. Current Readings of Energy Studies and Theory Development 1. Review of Drivers and Drives in the Energy Sector 1.1. Technical Explanations 1.2. Economic Explanations 1.3. Institutional Explanations 1.3.1. Domestic Institutions 1.3.1.1. Preferences in the Domestic Arena 1.3.1.2. Domestic Institutional Constraints 1.3.2. International Institutions 2. The Analytical Framework - Explaining Oil Upstream Sector Policies Worldwide 2.1. The Context 2.2. Domestic Constraints 2.3. Hypotheses 4. A Statistical Analysis of Oil Upstream Sector Policies across the World 1. The Sample 1.1. Sampling Criteria 1.2. Data Construction 2. Data Operationalization and Data Sources 2.1. Dependent Variable: 'De Facto' Control as Ratio 2.2. Independent Variables 2.3. Control Variables 3. Statistical Tools 4. Results 4.1. The Context 4.2. Domestic Constraints 4.3. Alternative Explanations 5. Conclusions to the Statistical Analysis 5. Mirroring the Cases of Saudi Arabia and Abu Dhabi 1. Case Selection 2. Primary Data Collection through Semi-Structured Interviews 3. Closed Upstream Sector: Saudi Arabia 3.1. Historical Contingencies 3.2. The Analytical Framework against the Saudi Empirics 3.2.1. The Context 3.2.2. Domestic Constraints 4. Open Upstream Sector: Abu Dhabi 4.1. Historical Contingencies 4.2. The Analytical Framework against Abu Dhabi's Empirics 4.2.1. The Context 4.2.2. Domestic Constraints 5. Conclusions to the Case Studies 6. Conclusions 1. Comparative Results of the Empirical Analysis 2. Revised Analytical Framework 3. Final Remarks 3.1. Contributions, Limitations, and Research Ways Forward 3.2. Quo Vadis?
|
[] |
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https://openalex.org/W3027214011
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From Industrial Policy to National Industrial Strategy: An Emerging Global Phenomenon
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3027214011
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In February 2019, the German federal government announced its new “National Industry Strategy 2030.” Many economies—including the United Kingdom (2017), European Union (2017), and Saudi Arabia (2018)—have announced national industrial strategies addressing the competitive threat of the People’s Republic of China’s 2015 “Made in China 2025” 5-year economic plan to become a global leader in 10 advanced technology manufacturing sectors. The use of the 20th-century term “industrial policy” heralds back to public policy antecedents of what is now evolving globally in the 21st century as national “industrial strategy,” a concept explored in this article. Unlike traditional 20th-century efforts at industrial policy (which focused on public policy efforts to maintain domestic primacy of declining, older industries), national industrial strategy recognizes (and generally accepts) the international global economy as a foundation of competition. Most importantly, national industrial strategy focuses on technologically emerging industries as well as the national government working collaborative in a partnership with these emerging industries to meet future growth challenges and opportunities.
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https://openalex.org/W3136466002
|
Determinants of Saudi Arabian Industrial Exports
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3136466002
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Exports, particularly industrial, have come to play a vital role in the
economic development of developing countries due to its contribution to the
accumulation of foreign exchange necessary for financing development projects and for
its forward and backward linkage prospects to other sectors of the economy. However,
the process of export promotion in the developing countries is influenced by many
factors some of which are domestic like the structure of national industry, the relative
domestic price proportions and the government industrial and commercial policies. Other
factors are associated with the external price structure of imported raw material and
physical capital. foreign exchange systems, competitive foreign prices of similar
exported goods and the relevant importing countries policies such as protective tariff
policies, common market policies and policies for exports of technology.
Within this context in an industrially developing country like Saudi Arabia the need
arises for empirical studies to be conducted on the growth pattern of industrial products
measuring and analyzing all factors affecting such growth whether dealing with supply
and demand forces or relative domestic and external factors of production prices or
national and foreign governments industrial and commercial policies.
The objective of this research is to identify the most statistically significant factors
affecting the growth of Saudi manufacture products. analyze the important elements
justifying significant relationships. Conclusions and recommendations of relevant
policies to enhance the pace of growth of Saudi industrial exports are finally drawn.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2495607582
|
Avoiding the Pitfalls of Industrial Policy: Program Design in MENA and East Asia
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2495607582
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No AccessNov 2014Avoiding the Pitfalls of Industrial Policy: Program Design in MENA and East AsiaAuthors/Editors: Marc Schiffbauer, Abdoulaye Sy, Sahar Hussain, Hania Sahnoun, Philip KeeferMarc SchiffbauerSearch for more papers by this author, Abdoulaye SySearch for more papers by this author, Sahar HussainSearch for more papers by this author, Hania SahnounSearch for more papers by this author, Philip KeeferSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0405-2_ch3AboutView ChaptersFull TextPDF (0.2 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: Documents limited evidence of success of industrial policies over the past decades in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), including Egypt, Morocco, Syria, Jordan, Tunisia, Korea, and more positive exceptions of some Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Comparisons with the experiences of East Asian countries indicate that several critical differences in policy design and implementation underpin the success of industrial policies in East Asian countries. Key ingredients for an effective industrial policy include: (1) consensus on a common strategic vision and objectives at the country level, and a focus on new economic activities where market failures are more likely to have a binding influence on industrial development; (2) policies connected to performance and evaluation systems in which both the effectiveness of policies and officials can be assessed; and (3) policies which promote and safeguard competition and equality of opportunity for all entrepreneurs in the domestic market and provide incentives for firms to compete in international markets. ReferencesAchy, Lahcen. 2013. “Structural Transformation and Industrial Policy in Morocco.” Economic Research Forum Working Paper 796, Economic Research Forum, Cairo. Google ScholarAghion, P M, L Dewatripont, Du A Harrison, and P Legros. 2012. “Industrial Policy and Competition.” Mimeo (April 24). CrossrefGoogle ScholarChahoud, Tatjana. 2011. “Syria’s Industrial Policy.” Working paper, Deutsches Institut fuer Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), Bonn. Google ScholarDiwan, I and H Chekir. 2012. “State-Business Relations in Mubarak’s Egypt.” Mimeo, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarGalal, Ahmed and Nihal El-Megharbel. 2005. “Do Governments Pick Winners of Losers? An Assessment of Industrial Policy in Egypt.” Working Paper 108, The Egyptian Center for Economic Studies, Cairo. Google ScholarGehlbach, Scott and Philip Keefer. 2011. “Investment without Democracy: Ruling-Party Institutionalization and Credible Commitment in Autocracies.” Journal of Comparative Economics 39 (2): 123–278 CrossrefGoogle ScholarHarrison, Anne and Andres Rodriguez-Clare. 2010. “Trade, Foreign Investment, and Industrial Policy for Developing Countries.” In Handbook of Development Economics 5: 4039–214. CrossrefGoogle ScholarHausmann, Ricardo and Dani Rodrik. 2006. “Economic Development as Self-Discovery.” Journal of Development Economics 72. Google ScholarHertog, Steffen. 2008. “Petromin: The Slow Death of Statist Oil Development in Saudi Arabia.” Business History 50 (5): 645–67. CrossrefGoogle ScholarKang, David C. 2002. “Bad Loans to Good Friends: Money Politics and the Developmental State in South Korea.” International Organization 56 (1): 177–207. CrossrefGoogle ScholarKeefer, Philip. 2014. “Industrial Policy and MENA—Lessons from Research and East Asia.” Mimeo, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarLoayza, Norman and Maddalena Honorati. 2007. “Investment and Growth in Egypt.” Mimeo, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarLoewe, Markus. 2013. “Industrial Policy in Egypt 2004–2011.” DIE Discussion Paper 13/2013, Deutsches Institut fuer Entwicklungspolitik, Bonn. Google ScholarMalouche, Mariem, José-Daniel Reyes, and Amir Fouad. 2013. “New Database of Nontariff Measures Makes Trade Policy More Transparent.” Mimeo, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarMurphy, Kevin, Andrei Schleifer, and Robert W Vishny. 1989. “Industrialization and the Big Push.” Journal of Political Economy 97 (5): 1003–1026. CrossrefGoogle ScholarRodrik, Dani. 2008. “Normalizing Industrial Policy.” Commission on Growth and Development, Working Paper 3, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarRodrik, Dani and Arvind Subramanian. 2005. “From Hindu Growth to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition.” IMF Staff Papers 52 (2): 193–236. Google ScholarRoll, Stephan. 2013. “Egypt’s Business Elite after Mubarak: A Powerful Player between Generals and Brotherhood.” SWP Research Paper 8 (September), Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, Berlin. Google Scholar Previous chapterNext chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: November 2014ISBN: 978-1-4648-0405-2e-ISBN: 978-1-4648-0406-9 Copyright & Permissions Related RegionsEast Asia & PacificMiddle East and North AfricaRelated CountriesEgypt, Arab Rep.JordanKorea, Republic ofLebanonMoroccoSyrian Arab RepublicTunisiaRelated TopicsGovernanceMacroeconomics and Economic GrowthPrivate Sector Development KeywordsGULF COOPERATION COUNCILINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT POLICYENTREPRENEURSHIPPOLICY DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION PDF DownloadLoading ...
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https://openalex.org/W3125623906
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Business–Government Relations and Industrial Change: The Politics of Upgrading in Morocco and Tunisia
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Processes of upgrading and the promotion of industrial “clusters,” which encompass multiple policies, institutions, and actors, necessarily vary from place to place. Based on the evidence from Morocco and Tunisia, this article contends that different patterns of business–government relations facilitate different elements of industrial upgrading and cluster promotion. State-dominated political economies may be more amenable to implementing macroeconomic and infrastructure-related measures, which are critical in the initial stages of upgrading. Political economies with more organized business communities may be better equipped to pursue the kinds of inter-firm linkages traditionally associated with later phases of upgrading, when the focus is on boosting innovation.
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https://openalex.org/W3136556490
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Tunisian industrial policy, location and evolution of the industrial space of the interior regions
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Abstract Tunisia's industrial development policies have long been considered as a strategic axis that guarantees the economic development of different regions. The industrial policy has tried to achieve a better distribution of economic activities and to promote industrialization in the interior regions. This article studies the evolution of the industrial space of the interior regions of Tunisia. As it measured the concentration and the geographical specialization of economic activities, in connection with their further estimation on a temporal trend, using a common empirical framework that exploits an intermediate geographic level and manufacturing sectors. This approach yields evidence on the weakly diversified industrial structure of the interior and the southern governorates of Tunisia. It is proved, too, that the growth of the manufacturing industry is accompanied by huge inequalities between space units. Given the previously stated results, the industrial policies in the interior regions of Tunisia would be of considerable benefit if it solves the problem of the market and public policy failure. Thus, we strongly urge the establishment of new components of industrial policy.
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https://openalex.org/W1576029678
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Policies to strengthen trade competitiveness in Tunisia
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[
"Tunisia"
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"https://openalex.org/W2122901868",
"https://openalex.org/W2124431241",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1576029678
|
The Euro-Med Agreement between Tunisia and the European Union resulted in free bilateral trade for industrial products from January 1st, 2008. The stepwise dismantling of industrial tariff barriers vis-a-vis Tunisia’s main trading partner without encountering major disruptions in the domestic market is a significant achievement. But now a new challenge looms. In order to achieve the economic growth rates of 6.1 percent that the country is aspiring to in its 11th Development Plan, policy makers and private sector operators will have to shift from a stance that is focused on defending domestic interests against import competition to an offensive strategy that enables Tunisian exporters to take part and benefit from dynamically evolving global markets. Indeed, strengthening Tunisia’s export performance is a major challenge and requires attention to the incentives that actual and potential exporters face, the efficiency of service providers in the economy, and the effectiveness of trade support institutions that help private sector firms to discover and exploit international market opportunities.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2944054349
|
Industrial Policy in the EU and Its Neighbourhood: Learning from Policy Experimentation
|
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[
"Tunisia",
"Israel"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2944054349
|
Newer approaches of industrial policy that focus on catalytic and facilitating interventions of government have become a rivalling model to neoclassical laissez-faire approaches. Inspired by the success stories of East Asian newly industrialised economies (NIEs), newer approaches advocate a more experimental policy stance. Newer industrial policies, including the concept of the “entrepreneurial state”, call upon governments to play a catalytic and facilitating role in increasing innovation and, thus, economic growth. During the past three decades, countries have experimented with some of these new approaches, and so has the European Union (EU). Currently, two major policy frameworks of the EU, Horizon 2020 and smart specialisation, shape the European approach to industrial policy and are gaining in importance for enlargement and neighbourhood countries, too. At the same time, these countries outside the EU have pursued their own experiments in industrial policy. The article argues that to better understand what contributes to the success or failure of industrial policies, learning from experiences made both by the EU and its neighbours is valuable. The article draws conclusions from three countries in the EU’s neighbourhood, Israel, Tunisia, and North Macedonia. In particular, the article examines the role EU approaches and programs, such as smart specialisation or Horizon 2020, can play in anchoring more entrepreneurial industrial policies in enlargement and neighbourhood countries and addresses problems to be expected when governments are to engage in policy experimentation.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737296559",
"type": "journal"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401696",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3121429090
|
Impact de l’ouverture sur la performance des entreprises : l’exemple tunisien
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "M. Ben Rejeb",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046630822"
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[
{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778012447"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
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{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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[
"Tunisia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121429090
|
This work aims to study the relationship between the entry to export market and industrial firm productivity in the Tunisian context. At the outset, we analyze Tunisian regulation and fiscal policy system of industrial firms and we focus on Tunisian trade policy during the last decades. In the second step, we review the literature on free trade theories and we review empirical papers that are related to the scope of the study. In the remainder of this work we developed and tested three hypotheses on the link between entry to export market and Tunisian firm productivity. Our hypotheses include self-selection, learning by exporting and conscious self-selection. For the purpose of this study we collected data on industrial Tunisian firms in the period from 1998 to 2003. In this period, Tunisia spent a lot of efforts in adopting and in implementing free trade policy. Our results show the existence of self selection phenomena in the industrial Tunisian firms. However we didn’t find any evidence of neither learning by exporting nor conscious self selection.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Economics Thesis from University Paris Dauphine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764760190",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3040904983
|
Winners and Losers in Industrial Policy 2.0: An evaluation of the impacts of the Tunisian Industrial Upgrading Program
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Mohamed Ali Marouani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017994514"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Michelle Marshalian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052481051"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Subsidy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84265765"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Tunisia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3040904983
|
Large scale business subsidies tied to national industrial development promotion pro-grams are notoriously difficult to study and inseparable from the political economy aspect of large government programs. The Tunisian Industrial Upgrading Program, initiated in the late 80’s, to improve the competitiveness of Tunisian firms increasingly exposed to international competition through firm subsidies, is such an example. The continuation and resurgence of industrial devlopment programs, such as the Tunisian IUP, makes the rigorous evaluation of this type of program within the political economy framework, increasingly important. We use the Tunisian national firm registry database and a perceptions’ survey administered by the national research institute to measure the impact of the IUP and its beneficiaries. Using inverse propensity score re-weighted differences-in-differences regressions, we find that when program recipients are large firms, gains of the program are mostly retained by capital-owners, while when subsidies are distributed to small-sized firms, more gains go to labor.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3199057855
|
INDUSTRIAL POLICY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE TUNISIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR
|
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{
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"display_name": "Nihel Frikha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088120628"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamed Ben Amar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046825513"
}
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[
{
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{
"display_name": "Manufacturing sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2988460067"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Secondary sector of the economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169685871"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C147859227"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
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{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
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] |
[
"Tunisia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3199057855
|
This paper aims to assess the impact of industrial policy instruments on international competitiveness and in particular on the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector in Tunisia. From a non-stationary panel model composed of 13 Tunisian manufacturing sectors during the period 1995-2016, we show the existence of a long-term cointegration relationship between manufacturing exports and its determinants. The results show that spending on research and development and tertiary education has a positive effect on exports. Hence, it is necessary for the public authorities to intervene within the framework of industrial policy to promote technological innovation and higher education.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Revue européenne du droit social",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210187666",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3149674823
|
Policies to strengthen trade competitiveness in Tunisia
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Peter Walkenhorst",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061491638"
}
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[
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Exploit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C165696696"
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{
"display_name": "European union",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C176856949"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C127576917"
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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[
"Tunisia"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3149674823
|
The Euro-Med Agreement between Tunisia and the European Union resulted in free bilateral trade for industrial products from January 1st, 2008. The stepwise dismantling of industrial tariff barriers vis-a-vis Tunisia’s main trading partner without encountering major disruptions in the domestic market is a significant achievement. But now a new challenge looms. In order to achieve the economic growth rates of 6.1 percent that the country is aspiring to in its 11th Development Plan, policy makers and private sector operators will have to shift from a stance that is focused on defending domestic interests against import competition to an offensive strategy that enables Tunisian exporters to take part and benefit from dynamically evolving global markets. Indeed, strengthening Tunisia’s export performance is a major challenge and requires attention to the incentives that actual and potential exporters face, the efficiency of service providers in the economy, and the effectiveness of trade support institutions that help private sector firms to discover and exploit international market opportunities.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W2154035656
|
Business-Government Relations and Industrial Change: The Politics of Upgrading in Morocco and Tunisia
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2154035656
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Processes of upgrading and the promotion of industrial clusters, which encompass multiple policies, institutions, and actors, necessarily vary from place to place. Based on the evidence from Morocco and Tunisia, this article contends that different patterns of business-government relations facilitate different elements of industrial upgrading and cluster promotion. State-dominated political economies may be more amenable to implementing macroeconomic and infrastructure-related measures, which are critical in the initial stages of upgrading. Political economies with more organized business communities may be better equipped to pursue the kinds of inter-firm linkages traditionally associated with later phases of upgrading, when the focus is on boosting innovation.
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https://openalex.org/W2735097659
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Institutions and Public Support to the Tunisian System of Innovation: State of the Art
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[
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2735097659
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In the context of the global economy, some developing countries are seeking to develop their productive systems to create a stable economic structure. In this context, the Tunisian government has launched in the 1990s a new industrial policy oriented towards the support of R&D and of technological innovation. This paper analyzes this policy, focusing on the national innovation system (NIS). First, it deals with the theoretical developments related to the systemic approach of innovation. Then, it outlines the institutional, organizational and financial measures implemented to support the establishment of a NIS. Finally, it attempts to show that the participation of political authorities to develop a NSI will be insufficient since the interactions between different actors in this system are limited. JEL codes: O32, O38
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W3009652178
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Winners and losers in industrial policy 2.0
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3009652178
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Large-scale business subsidies tied to national industrial development promotion programmes are notoriously difficult to study and are often inseparable from the political economy of large government programmes. We use the Tunisian national firm registry panel database, data on treated firms, and a perceptions survey administered by the National Research Institute to measure the impact of Tunisia’s Industrial Upgrading Program. Using inverse propensity score re-weighted differences-in-differences regressions, we find that small treated firms hire more and higher-skilled labour. In small firms, wages increase 10–17 per cent, with growth in employment and net job creation. However, in larger firms the programme does not support labour and wages fall, suggesting that there are no benefits to labour when funds go to large firms.
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https://openalex.org/W1790702602
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Oil and Challenges of Trade Policy Making In Sudan in a Globalizing Arena
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1790702602
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the potential impact of oil revenues on the
economy of Sudan and the challenges facing the Government in policy making,
particularly trade policy and allocation of oil revenues for long-run development and
diversification of the production and export structure of the economy. The exploitation of
oil resources has been accompanied by impressive liberalization of the economy by the
Government of Sudan. Since then the country has been integrating into the world
economy rapidly based on oil revenues. Yet, little has been achieved so far in integrating
various sectors of the domestic economy despite relatively rapid GDP growth based on
oil revenues. Rapid economic growth and diversification of the economy are among the
main objectives of the Government. Therefore, the challenge facing the Government is to
design and implement a long-term development strategy in order to build up a solid
industrial and agricultural sector for sustainable development and expansion of non-oil
exports. In such a strategy the design, and implementation, of trade and industrial policies
and the way oil revenues are allocated, takes, inter alia, importance.
Developing a conceptual framework of analysis, the author will argue that while
export of petroleum provides financial resources for the acceleration of investment and
growth, prospects for sustained growth and diversification will be still limited by some
physical and institutional bottlenecks which can not be easily overcome by ample oil
revenues. Trade in oil itself may have some detrimental socio-economic effects,
including the attitude and policies of the Government, on the prospects for development
and diversification of the economy in the long-run. Therefore, the Government policies,
particularly trade policies, and the way oil revenues are allocated may not be necessarily
conducive to long-run development and diversification of production and export
structure. Proposing an alternative long-run trade and industrial policy for the country,
the author will also outline the practical problems of its implementation under current
international trade rules.
----------
*The author is a development economist with D.Phil from Oxford Univsity. He is currently an international
consultant affiliated to the Institute of Economic Research, University of Neuchatel, Switzerland. He is the
former Head, Macroeconomic and Development Policies Branch, UNCTAD and the author of a large
number of articles, published in international journals, on trade and industrial policies, economic reform
and other development policy issues. His latest book is: Trade Policy at the Crossroads; the recent
experience of developing countries, Macmillan, 2005. This paper is developed on the basis of a part of a
study undertaken for the World Bank under a DTSI project financed by the same Organization. The author
benefited from interviews with Government authorities and comments from Mr. P. Shuler to whom goes
his thanks. Comments are welcome and can be sent to author: M.Shafaeddin@Gmail.com.
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https://openalex.org/W2944660873
|
Understanding Commodities, Linkages, and Industrial Development in Africa: Developing a Conceptual Framework
|
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{
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"display_name": "Masuma Farooki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044455549"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C83864248"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2944660873
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No AccessMay 2019Understanding Commodities, Linkages, and Industrial Development in Africa: Developing a Conceptual FrameworkAuthors/Editors: Mike Morris, Masuma FarookiMike MorrisSearch for more papers by this author, Masuma FarookiSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1384-9_ch9AboutView ChaptersFull TextPDF (0.5 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: Argues that developing resource-rich countries in African have and should use opportunities to diversify their economies on the basis of local production linkages with the extractives sector. The growing obstacles to traditional drivers of industrialization make it imperative that all economies develop effective strategies to promote their industrial sectors. A renewed opportunity for development has arisen for commodity-exporting low-income economies from a continuing, and probably prolonged, commodity boom and the development of corporate strategies designed to maximize the outsourcing of noncore activities. This opportunity could allow them to foster economic diversification by building on forward and (especially) backward linkages to their commodities sectors. But this path requires evidence-based and strategic policy responses, aligned with corporate visions and implementation plans complemented by policy instruments that provide appropriate incentives and sanctions. Extensive scope exists for governments and the private sector to work together to identify the range of win-win outcomes available to promote diversification. ReferencesBarnes, J and R Kaplinsky. 2000. “Globalisation and the Death of the Local Firm? The Automobile Components Sector in South Africa.” Regional Studies 34 (9): 797–812. 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Paris: OECD Development Centre. Google ScholarLederman, D and W F Maloney. 2007. “Trade Structure and Growth.” In Natural Resources: Neither Curse nor Destiny, edited by Lederman, D and W F Maloney, 15–39. Washington, DC: Stanford University Press and World Bank. Google ScholarMcKay, H and L Song. 2009. “Global Implications of China as a Manufacturing Powerhouse.” In China’s New Place in a World in Crisis, edited by Garnaut, R, L Song, and W T Woo, 261–302. Canberra: ANU Press. CrossrefGoogle ScholarMorris, M, R Kaplinsky, and D Kaplan. 2012. One Thing Leads to Another: Promoting Industrialisation by Making the Most of the Commodity Boom in Sub-Saharan Africa. Marston Gate, United Kingdom: Lulu, Amazon.co.uk. Google ScholarOyejide, T A and A O Adewuyi. 2012. “Determinants of Backward Linkages of the Oil and Gas Industry in the Nigerian Economy.” Resources Policy 37 (4): 452–60. CrossrefGoogle ScholarSachs, J D and A M Warner. 2001. “The Curse of Natural Resources.” European Economic Review 45 (2001): 827–38. CrossrefGoogle ScholarSturgeon, T and O Memedovic. 2010. “Mapping Global Value Chains: Intermediate Goods Trade and Structural, Development Policy and Strategic Research Branch.” Working Paper 05/2010, Change in the World Economy, UNIDO, Vienna. Google ScholarSuliman, K M and A A A Badawi. 2010. “An Assessment of the Impact of China’s Investments in Sudan.” AERC Collaborative Research Project on the Impact of China-Africa Relations, African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi. Google ScholarTeka, Z 2012. “Linkages to Manufacturing in the Resource Sector: The Case of the Angolan Oil and Gas Industry.” Resources Policy 37 (4): 461–67. CrossrefGoogle ScholarWright, G and J Czelusta. 2004. “The Myth of the Resource Curse.” Challenge 47 (2): 6–38. CrossrefGoogle ScholarOther ResourcesBloch, R and G Owusu. 2012. “Linkages in Ghana’s Gold Mining Industry: Challenging the Enclave Thesis.” Resources Policy 37 (4): 434–42. CrossrefGoogle ScholarFessehaie, J 2012. “What Determines the Breadth and Depth of Zambia’s Backward Linkages to Copper Mining? The Role of Public Policy and Value Chain Dynamics.” Resources Policy 37 (4): 443–51. CrossrefGoogle ScholarHanlin, R and C Hanlin. 2012. “The View from Below: ‘Lock In’ and Local Procurement in the African Gold Mining Sector.” Resources Policy 37 (4): 468–74. CrossrefGoogle ScholarKaplinsky, R and E Mhlongo. 1997. “Infant Industries and Industrial Policy: A Lesson from South Africa.” Transformation 34: 57–85. Google ScholarUrzua, O 2007. “Emergence and Development of Knowledge Intensive Mining Services (KIMS).” Background paper prepared for UNCTAD, University of Sussex, mimeo, Brighton. Google ScholarWatkins, M H 1963. “A Staple Theory of Economic Growth.” The Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science 29 (2): 141–58. CrossrefGoogle Scholar Previous chapterNext chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: May 2019ISBN: 978-1-4648-1384-9e-ISBN: 978-1-4648-1385-6 Copyright & Permissions Related RegionsAfricaRelated TopicsEnergyEnvironmentIndustryPrivate Sector Development KeywordsCASE STUDYPETROLEUM SECTORENERGY POLICYGAS AND OILVALUE CHAINSTRANSPARENCYENERGY SUPPLYENERGY CONSUMPTIONFUEL PRICESENERGY REGULATIONENERGY PRODUCTIONNATURAL RESOURCE CURSEEXTRACTIVE INDUSTRYFISCAL POLICYACCOUNTABILITYCAPACITY BUILDINGINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT POLICYINDUSTRIALIZATIONPRIVATE SECTORECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION PDF DownloadLoading ...
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https://openalex.org/W4321612852
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Trade Policy and Productivity Growth: Why Do Sudanese Manufacturing Firms Export Less
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"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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[
"Sudan"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1491494707",
"https://openalex.org/W2059384635",
"https://openalex.org/W2130155911",
"https://openalex.org/W2150187728",
"https://openalex.org/W2915348864",
"https://openalex.org/W3122389819",
"https://openalex.org/W3123370820",
"https://openalex.org/W3124256964",
"https://openalex.org/W3125108809",
"https://openalex.org/W3125628934"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4321612852
|
Abstract This paper aims to study the role of trade policy on industrial development and productivity growth. We analyze the relationship between trade policy and productivity growth of manufacturing firms in Sudan. For this work, we evaluate the previous trade policy instruments that implemented between 2000 and 2015. The study finds that Sudan trade policy has significant positive effects on manufacturing firms’ productivity. The study finds also reveals that manufacturing firms offer the largest scope for productivity gains through trade policies aiming at enhancing economic growth. The study also found there was a weak support for investment promotion and tariff protection. This study recommends that building a proper trade policy to support manufacturing firms to adapt new technologies and focusing on labor intensive industries is the key success to sustain productivity and exports.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3145194756
|
Oil and Challenges of Trade Policy Making In Sudan in a Globalizing Arena
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mehdi Shafaeddin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051483602"
}
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"display_name": "Diversification (marketing strategy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180916674"
},
{
"display_name": "Revenue",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195487862"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C193991484"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C35532855"
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{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
}
] |
[
"Sudan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3145194756
|
Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the potential impact of oil revenues on the economy of Sudan and the challenges facing the Government in policy making, particularly trade policy and allocation of oil revenues for long-run development and diversification of the production and export structure of the economy. The exploitation of oil resources has been accompanied by impressive liberalization of the economy by the Government of Sudan. Since then the country has been integrating into the world economy rapidly based on oil revenues. Yet, little has been achieved so far in integrating various sectors of the domestic economy despite relatively rapid GDP growth based on oil revenues. Rapid economic growth and diversification of the economy are among the main objectives of the Government. Therefore, the challenge facing the Government is to design and implement a long-term development strategy in order to build up a solid industrial and agricultural sector for sustainable development and expansion of non-oil exports. In such a strategy the design, and implementation, of trade and industrial policies and the way oil revenues are allocated, takes, inter alia, importance. Developing a conceptual framework of analysis, the author will argue that while export of petroleum provides financial resources for the acceleration of investment and growth, prospects for sustained growth and diversification will be still limited by some physical and institutional bottlenecks which can not be easily overcome by ample oil revenues. Trade in oil itself may have some detrimental socio-economic effects, including the attitude and policies of the Government, on the prospects for development and diversification of the economy in the long-run. Therefore, the Government policies, particularly trade policies, and the way oil revenues are allocated may not be necessarily conducive to long-run development and diversification of production and export structure. Proposing an alternative long-run trade and industrial policy for the country, the author will also outline the practical problems of its implementation under current international trade rules. ---------- *The author is a development economist with D.Phil from Oxford Univsity. He is currently an international consultant affiliated to the Institute of Economic Research, University of Neuchatel, Switzerland. He is the former Head, Macroeconomic and Development Policies Branch, UNCTAD and the author of a large number of articles, published in international journals, on trade and industrial policies, economic reform and other development policy issues. His latest book is: Trade Policy at the Crossroads; the recent experience of developing countries, Macmillan, 2005. This paper is developed on the basis of a part of a study undertaken for the World Bank under a DTSI project financed by the same Organization. The author benefited from interviews with Government authorities and comments from Mr. P. Shuler to whom goes his thanks. Comments are welcome and can be sent to author: M.Shafaeddin@Gmail.com.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3123885871
|
Are Market Disciplines Sufficient? Industrial Policy and Technology Transfer
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Julia C. Devlin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060414636"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Technology transfer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2985879086"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Clothing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C530175646"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Textile",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164767435"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29985473"
},
{
"display_name": "Textile industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518936366"
},
{
"display_name": "Resource (disambiguation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206345919"
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"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Computer network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907"
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"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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[
"Syria",
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123885871
|
The following sections are included:TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER, INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTHCan Industrial Policy Promote Technology Transfer and Innovation?CHALLENGES OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN MENA ECONOMIESThe Syrian Textile and Clothing IndustryPlugging into Global Platforms – An Egyptian Textile ExporterPRIORITIES FOR INDUSTRIAL POLICY IN MENA COUNTRIESLeveraging MENA's Natural Resource Base for InnovationCONCLUSIONREFERENCES
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306534954",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2640923338
|
دراسة تحليلية لواقع القطاع الصناعي السوري ومساهمته في الاقتصاد الوطني
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "كارول الصايغ",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051801841"
}
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[
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"display_name": "Secondary sector of the economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169685871"
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{
"display_name": "Industrial production",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82753439"
},
{
"display_name": "Gross domestic product",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114350782"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154193497"
},
{
"display_name": "Tertiary sector of the economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43246008"
},
{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C147859227"
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{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
"display_name": "Economic indicator",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C202353208"
},
{
"display_name": "National economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2989282585"
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{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] |
[
"Syria"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2640923338
|
يهدف هذا البحث إلى إلقاء الضوء على واقع القطاع الصناعي السوري من خلال دراسة مساهمته في الاقتصاد الوطني، حيث تحاول الباحثة الوقوف على حجم مساهمة القطاع الصناعي السوري في الاقتصاد الوطني وتحليل مساهمة قطاعيه العام والخاص من خلال أربعة مؤشرات رئيسية وهي: - المؤشر الأول: مساهمة القطاع الصناعي السوري في تكوين الإنتاج المحلي الإجمالي. - المؤشر الثاني: مساهمة القطاع الصناعي السوري في تكوين الناتج المحلي الإجمالي. - المؤشر الثالث: مساهمة القطاع الصناعي في تشغيل اليد العاملة. - المؤشر الرابع: مساهمة القطاع الصناعي في التصدير. وبالتالي الوصول إلى مجموعة من النتائج التي تبين واقع القطاع الصناعي ومساهمته في الاقتصاد الوطني، إلى جانب تقديم مجموعة من المقترحات التي من الممكن أن تساهم في تذليل الأسباب المؤدية لانخفاض أدائه بالشكل الذي يمكنه من تحقيق الأهداف المرجوة منه.This research aims to study the real aspects of the Syrian industrial sector through the study of its contribution to the national economy. A Study regarding the size of the industrial contribution to the national economy is presented in this paper, as well as the presenting of an analysis of the contribution of both the public and the private sectors through four key indicators, these are: - The first indicator : the contribution of the industrial sector to the formation of Syrian domestic production. - The second indicator : the contribution of the industrial sector to the formation of Syrian GDP (Gross Domestic Product). - The third indicator : the contribution of the industrial sector to the operation of the labor force. - The fourth indicator : the contribution of the industrial sector to the export. And thus it provides a set of results that reflect both the reality of the industrial sector and its contribution to the national economy. Moreover it provides a set of proposals that could contribute toward overcoming the causes of the sector's low performance, so it can achieve the desired objectives.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Tishreen University Journal- Economic and Legal Sciences Series",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306532999",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2943975865
|
الصناعة السورية وإمكانية الاستفادة من تجربة التصنيع في كورية الجنوبية لتطويرها
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "يوسف محمود",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048692174"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "محمد المحمود",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076332177"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "كفاح علي جقموق",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091609655"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C35532855"
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"display_name": "Commercial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140413371"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
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{
"display_name": "Legislature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83009810"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
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{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Syria"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2943975865
|
إن تجربة كورية الجنوبية جذبت انظار العالم اليها، حيث انتقلت من قائمة أفقر بلدان العالم الى تصنيفها دولة صناعية و حققت معدلات نمو عالية بعد عمليات الاصلاح الاقتصادي التي قامت بها، حيث استطاعت جذب الاستثمارات اليها وحققت زيادة في صادراتها وخلق فرص العمل بالإضافة الى نمو ناتجها المحلي وركزت على التعليم والانفتاح على العالم الخارجي واستخدام التكنولوجيا العالية والادارة السليمة الواعية وتشجيع البحوث العلمية التطبيقية وعلى الرغم من اتباعها سياسة احلال الواردات وتوفير الحماية اللازمة لصناعتها الوطنية الا ان هذه الصناعة كانت مرهونة بتحقيق معايير اقتصادية معينة اما سياستها التجارية فقد اتسمت بالاتجاه التدريجي الى تحرير التجارة مع العمل على توفير الدعم المؤسسي للصادرات. ونظرا لأهمية الصناعة ودورها في عملية النمو الاقتصادي فقد تم دراسة واقع الصناعة السورية واهم الخطوات المتخذة لتطويرها وخاصة التركيز على الصناعات التصديرية، وجذب الاستثمارات الصناعية وتحسين بيئة العمل القانونية والتشريعية بالاستفادة من نقاط نجاح التجربة الكورية واهمها التركيز على الميز ة النسبية ووضع استراتيجية صناعية يتم فيها تحديد الصناعات ذات الأولوية وفق الميزة النسبية التي تتمتع بها. The South Korean experience attracted the attention of the world, moving from the list of the poorest countries to the classification of an industrialized country and achieved high growth rates after the economic reforms carried out by attracting investment and increased exports and job creation in addition to the growth of domestic output And focused on education and openness to the outside world and the use of high technology and sound management conscious and promote applied scientific research and despite the adoption of the policy of importing imports and provide protection for the national industry, but the industry was subject to the achievement of standards Economic policy, while its trade policy has been characterized by a gradual trend towards trade liberalization while working to provide institutional support for exports. In view of the importance of the industry and its role in the process of economic growth, the study of the reality of the Syrian industry and the most important steps taken to develop it, especially the focus on export industries, attracting industrial investments and improving the legal and legislative working environment were based on the success of the Korean experience. Priority industries according to their comparative advantage.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Tishreen University Journal- Economic and Legal Sciences Series",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306532999",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2465025564
|
A comparative study of Chinese and Iranian Science & Technology, and techno-industrial development policies
|
[
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"display_name": "University of Wisconsin–Platteville",
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Abdol S. Soofi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021530221"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"Iran"
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"https://openalex.org/W1491494707",
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"https://openalex.org/W2005114364",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2465025564
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This paper argues that for rapid technological catch-up of latecomer economies industrial policy, active control, and guidance of the market by the state are required. In this framework, the paper compares science and technology, as well as industrial policymaking mechanisms of China and Iran. The similarity of recent histories of the countries, which may have led to similar institutional transformations, makes such a comparative analysis meaningful. The study describes S&T and industrial policy-making systems of the countries, uses a case study for each to assess the degree of effectiveness of the states in assisting the technological learning of the enterprises in their respective countries, and delineates differences and similarities between the two policy-making systems. The study concludes that Chinese government is actively involved in assisting the state-owned and other enterprises in gaining technological capabilities, and thus is acting as a developmental state. On the other hand, I find that the state's efforts in Iran in technological learning are mostly in the realm of S&T policy making. The role of the state in Iran in this regard can best be characterized as market-friendly since it has no centralized, active, and direct involvement in the techno-economic development of the enterprises.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Technological Forecasting and Social Change",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S39307421",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3181366286
|
A Conceptual Critique of “Oil, State, and Industrialization in Iran”: An Unsuccessful Narrative of Industrial Policy-making in Iran Policy-making in Iran
|
[
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],
"display_name": "Darroudi Masoud",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031374540"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Petroleum industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526740375"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87717796"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3181366286
|
The reason for non-development in the Iranian society is one of the important concepts with which Iranian thinkers have dealt in the last hundred years. It has been examined from different perspectives. The policy-making for industrial development which was pursued since Reza Shah’s government in order to reconstruct the substructures of Iran, is one of the most important phenomena for the study of non-development. Although the study and examination of reasons of industrial development are very crucial in this regard, few works have dealt with the reasons for industrial non-development. The book “Oil, State, and Industrialization in Iran” by Massoud Karshenas (Professor at SOAS University of London) is one of the few works which deal with the reasons for inefficient industrial policy-making in Iran. Karshenas tries to study the effects of oil on the industrial policy-making in Pahlavi era with a structural approach. This article provides a critique of his approach towards the effects of oil on the industrial industrialization and its implications.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2281066015
|
An overview of industrial policies in IRAN and Korea in 1960-2012
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Allameh Tabataba'i University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I200432940",
"lat": 35.760525,
"long": 51.2603,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Behrooz Hady Zonooz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001033575"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2281066015
|
Zonooz, Behrooz Hady.June, 2013.An overview of industrial policies in IRAN and Korea in 1960-2012,Reports,Seoul, South KoreaThe Association of Korean Economic Studies
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Money and Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764885603",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1035171941
|
« Politics within the late Pahlavi-state: The Ministry of economy and Industrial Policy, 1963-69 ». IJMES, 32, (2000), pp. 97-122.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Thierry Coville",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073739125"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Political economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138921699"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1035171941
|
Cet article tres interessant decrit la naissance, l’ascension et le declin du Ministere de l’economie en Iran dans les annees 1960. Afin de favoriser l’industrialisation de l’economie iranienne, il fut en effet decide de former un super-ministere, independant par rapport aux pressions de toutes sortes, le Ministere de l’economie. Le ministre nomme pour le diriger etait un jeune economiste francophone, Alinaqi Alikhani. Ce dernier va alors creer une bureaucratie competente qui va favoriser l’i...
|
[
{
"display_name": "Abstracta iranica",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210201947",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2339761750
|
Financial and Support Policies Enabling Absorptive Capacity and Technology Acquisition in Iran’s Civil Aircraft Industry
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad Hossein Sabour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010590258"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad Mohammadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063657420"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Erfan Khosravian",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044824111"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Analytic hierarchy process",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87345402"
},
{
"display_name": "Absorptive capacity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777724570"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Constructive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778701210"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Aircraft industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2989215759"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144237770"
},
{
"display_name": "Aeronautics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178802073"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Iran"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W200208739",
"https://openalex.org/W601066473",
"https://openalex.org/W1972289772",
"https://openalex.org/W2141903710",
"https://openalex.org/W2153514418",
"https://openalex.org/W3125339093",
"https://openalex.org/W3139684375"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2339761750
|
The aircraft industry has a significant role in country’s economic and sufficient investment in that, guarantees the long-term economic growth. This industry has facilitated the connection of local industry to global industry and will affect the country productive and economic performance. Due to the importance of aircraft industry, conducting various studies to design its development pattern seems essential to provide appropriate as well as efficient financial and support policies for absorptive capacity development of this industry. In the present study, first, those industrial patterns that are implemented in different countries have been examined in general. In addition, financial and support policies of different countries in aircraft industry are taken into consideration and the course of these supports have been drawn. Then, regarding the experiences of other countries as well as the economic, industrial and political conditions of Iran through field studies and interview with experts, the appropriate policies for constructive interaction between Iran’s civil aircraft industry and government are introduced and ranked by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Modern Applied Science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764751271",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2270420241
|
Dark Past, Grey Present or Bright Future? Foreign Investorss Access to China's Telecommunications Industry and a Political Economy Analysis of Recent Industrial Policy Moves
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "China",
"display_name": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I183067930",
"lat": 31.22222,
"long": 121.45806,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Wei Shen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035903865"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Telecommunications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76155785"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Libya"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2270420241
|
Amid the global economic downturn, Eurozone crisis and Libya war in 2011, Alibaba, Yahoo and Softbank’s dispute over Alipay brought China’s telecoms industry and, more importantly, foreign investment policies into the global spotlight. This article considers Chinese legislative framework regulating foreign investment in China’s telecoms industry, and more importantly, two transactional models, that is, the CCF and VIE structures, foreign investors have adopted in the past three decades to access China’s restricted telecoms industry. This article attempts to unveil the underlying reasons foreign investors creating and utilizing these transactional models and, more importantly, China’s recent regulatory instruments Chinese authorities have taken in tackling the VIE structure in telecoms industry. From a political economy lens, this article offers a possible rationale underpinning such movements in light of China’s policy direction.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3121910136
|
Dark Past, Grey Present or Bright Future? – Foreign Investors’ Access to China’s Telecommunications Industry and a Political Economy Analysis of Recent Industrial Policy Moves
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "China",
"display_name": "Shanghai Jiao Tong University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I183067930",
"lat": 31.22222,
"long": 121.45806,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Wei Shen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035903865"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Underpinning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780871342"
},
{
"display_name": "Legislature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83009810"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147176958"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
}
] |
[
"Libya"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3121910136
|
Amid the global economic downturn, Eurozone crisis and Libya war in 2011, Alibaba, Yahoo and Softbank’s dispute over Alipay brought China’s telecoms industry and, more importantly, foreign investment policies into the global spotlight. This article considers Chinese legislative framework regulating foreign investment in China’s telecoms industry, and more importantly, two transactional models, that is, the CCF and VIE structures, foreign investors have adopted in the past three decades to access China’s restricted telecoms industry. This article attempts to unveil the underlying reasons foreign investors creating and utilizing these transactional models and, more importantly, China’s recent regulatory instruments Chinese authorities have taken in tackling the VIE structure in telecoms industry. From a political economy lens, this article offers a possible rationale underpinning such movements in light of China’s policy direction.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The journal of world investment & trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210226457",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2978106503
|
INDUSTRIAL EXPORTS AND IT’S EFFECT IN ALTERING THE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT STRUCTURE IN JORDAN FOR THE PERIOD 1980-2002
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Anmar Hajee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076275827"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Gross domestic product",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114350782"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Product (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90673727"
},
{
"display_name": "Raising (metalworking)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780589192"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial production",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82753439"
},
{
"display_name": "Affect (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776035688"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2978106503
|
The last stage has witnessed dramatic changes toward the industrial exports in most ofthe developing countries include Jordan at the beginning of the eighteens in the lastcentury, the reason for such a change is due to the various positive results that escorted theapplication of this policy in the states of which it has relied on earlier. It can also beconsidered a fundamental phase of which the intact entrance into the economicalglobalization requires. The paper’s significance emerges from the transformation and thendeepening the industrial exports policy of which it is a result of actual requirements forcoping with the universal economical developments. The paper’s aim refers to the necessityof specifying the effecting factor in the industrial exports, then estimating and analyzing theindustrial exports effect in it’s capability on achieving alterations in the gross domestic product structure in Jordan furthermore specifying the factors that affect the industrial exports and the attempt to affect them through the economical policies is considered a significant question toward raising the industrial exports averages.
|
[
{
"display_name": "تنمیة الرافدین",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172590",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2484191997
|
Do Governments Pick Winners or Losers? an Assessment of Industrial Policy in Egypt
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ahmed Galal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047421885"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Subsidy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84265765"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
},
{
"display_name": "Diversification (marketing strategy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180916674"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic shortage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C194051981"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Commercial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140413371"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Deregulation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78780426"
},
{
"display_name": "Free trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35532855"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2484191997
|
Abstract Shortage of products in the global markets and the drive for rapid diversification and industrialization led Egypt to erect high trade barriers to protect domestic industries and provide support to large national projects. Markets played a modest role in resource allocations and planning was the name of the game for almost a decade and a half. Egypt opted for a partial liberalization of the economy under the name of infitah or “open door policy” in the mid-1970s. Partial liberalization ironically amounted to increased selective intervention as segments of the economy were liberalized while others were left unaffected. Egypt embarked on a program that involved price and trade liberalization, privatization, a reduction of subsidies and taxes, and deregulation.
|
[
{
"display_name": "American University in Cairo Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462830",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3117513822
|
Achieving sustainable industrialisation in Egypt: assessment of the potential for EIPs
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Egypt",
"display_name": "Cairo University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145487455",
"lat": 30.0276,
"long": 31.21014,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "United Arab Emirates",
"display_name": "Zayed University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I91044093",
"lat": 24.45118,
"long": 54.39696,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Suzanna ElMassah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036192642"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Sustainable development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C552854447"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Relocation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779019381"
},
{
"display_name": "Enforcement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779777834"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial park",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781305714"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91375879"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175605778"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3117513822
|
This paper explores the prospects of Egypt in achieving sustainable development goal 9 (sustainable industrialisation). It looks at the national policy efforts of the new government and finds that environmentally-sound industrial production and overall sustainable industrial development is a priority in the country's vision. The analysis then takes a closer look at three case studies of attempts of the Egyptian Government to promote sustainable industrial development by establishing or developing eco-industrial parks (Robbiki Eco-Leather Park, El-Safaa Metal Foundries Zone and Shaq Al-Thu'ban Marble Technology Park). The analysis of the three cases outlines a number of factors impeding the success of these attempts; including weak policy and regulatory frameworks, lack of strong enforcement mechanisms, poor planning, lack of financial resources to support the relocation of most vulnerable (smallest) enterprises and the negative impact of informal economy and criminal elements. The paper concludes with several recommendations to overcome these obstacles.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Interdisciplinary environmental review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210227574",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2736191226
|
The Political Economy of A Sector in Crisis: Industrial Policy and Political Connections in the Egyptian Automotive Industry
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amirah El-Haddad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027547715"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jeremy Hodge",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005277553"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nizar Manek",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068845723"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
},
{
"display_name": "Tariff",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776060655"
},
{
"display_name": "Automotive industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526921623"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberian dollar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109168655"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2736191226
|
The Egyptian automotive industry developed under the country’s policy of import substitution industrialization (ISI). It mainly catered to Egypt’s small domestic market. The Open-Door Policy of the seventies opened up the sector to joint ventures and imports with further liberalization with the Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program (ERSAP) in the nineties. Despite some liberalization, the main features of the seventies’ import substitution policies remained in place. Both assembly and feeder industries were protected through relatively high effective rates of tariff protection and local content requirements. The sector has faced a series of setbacks since the January 2011 revolution and then again in 2015, the latter including maximum caps on dollar withdrawals and deposits imposed by the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE). The sector’s influential businessmen have developed a draft law for a series of non-tariff trade barriers to protect their assembly and manufacturing roles in the industry. Unable to compete in the global environment, if not protected these firms would turn into importers and distributors. This study documents the evolution of the sector since the Nasser era. It also discusses the interconnected network of politically connected firms and its influence over the policy making process in Egypt. The first part of the paper examines the protective environment within which the automotive sector has grown and the way it has shaped industry structure and market players. The second analyzes state-business relations and the interlinked network of power within the industry.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2197573937
|
Market structure, industrial organisation and technological development: the case of egyptian industries
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Forsyth Djc",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071330668"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jebuni Cd",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021930233"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Econometric model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180075932"
},
{
"display_name": "Manufacturing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175700187"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometric analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2984393311"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2197573937
|
ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on the relationship between market economy, industrial structure and enterprise level choice of technology in Egypt - compares econometric models and industry level data from nine developing countries, and investigates the impact of industrial policy favouring capital intensive manufacturing on the Egyptian labour market. Bibliography and statistical tables.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2611615372
|
Government Intervention with No Structural Transformation: The Challenges of Egyptian Industrial Policy in Comparative Perspective (ARABIC)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amirah El-Haddad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027547715"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Incentive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Inefficiency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778869765"
},
{
"display_name": "Corporate governance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Enforcement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779777834"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2611615372
|
Abstract: Structural transformation in Egypt has been modest. Industry is growing at a slower rate than services. Within industry, the non-manufacturing sectors of mining, construction and utilities have grown faster than manufacturing. The moderate growth of manufacturing itself is sustained by that of the resource based chemicals and petroleum sector, the latter dominated by petroleum refineries. There has been no development in more sophisticated sectors such as machinery and equipment or electronics. Exports follow the same structure. High technology exports are almost absent at just 1% of total merchandise exports. These data demonstrate the failure of the Egyptian governments’ active industrial policy to achieve structural transformation. With the aid of some comparative perspective, to avoid further government failure this paper presents short (selective) and long term (neutral) policy recommendations. With respect to the former, incentives should be strictly performance-based, they should be dynamic with policies not set to contradict each other’s’ goals such as local content requirements. Whilst encouraging local production, such requirements reinforce inefficiency and reduce innovation and upgrading incentives. It is further recommended that incentives need be finite, pre-announced and enforced along with constant independent monitoring and evaluation. Improving incentives is conditional on a number of long term neutral or horizontal policies that raise the competitiveness of the entire economy and guard against capture. These policies include introducing profound governance and institutional reform to slash red-tape, remove the command and control economy, and clearly establish the rule of law with commercial dispute resolution and fair and expeditious contract enforcement. Second, improve the economy’s competitive environment and accentuate equality of opportunity between all market players rather than favoring some firms to others, and protecting market insiders at the expense of potential entrants. A non-equal level playing field has negative implications on Egyptian consumers’ welfare. This policy area also calls for clarifying the role of the Army in the economy within a framework which respects Egyptian competition law and equality of opportunity amongst all players. Next is the recommendation to focus on primary, secondary and vocational education as well as encouraging human resource innovation and improving the infrastructure not just in industrial and free zones which only partially deal with the problem. Labor markets require further easing of labor market regulations to reduce rigidities. Additionally, conditional transfers to subsidize private “not” public employment, not just to avoid politicization of government employment but to also offset the reduction in employment in construction sectors following introduction of the proposed wealth tax. These are the sectors crowding out industrial production keeping the labor force captive in low productivity sectors. Managing these schemes should not be limited to the government but can be fully run by civil society. These efforts should be coupled with flexible exchange rate policies to ensure availability of foreign exchange to producers, avoid reduced competitiveness and to limit the flow of resources into non-traded sectors. The combined effect of these recommendations will be to enhance productivity and technological content; in turn raising real wages, thus boosting effective demand and market size for more sophisticated high value products; finally realizing economies of scale for such products. All this will support growth with structural transformation, the eventual goal of Egyptian industrial policy.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W620710046
|
Government and business
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Steven Tolliday",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080800676"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348171"
},
{
"display_name": "Bureaucracy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C51575053"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Capitalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C514928085"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W620710046
|
Part 1 Government and business development: Japan's early industrialization and the transfer of government enterprises - government and business, Masaaki Kobayashi capitalism and bureaucracy in German industrialization before 1914, Jurgen Kocka Baku oil and transcaucasian pipelines, 1883-1891 - a study in Tsarist economic policy, John P. McKay government policy and economic development in Germany and Japan - a skeptical re-evaluation, Frank B. Tripton American law and the marketing structure of the large corporation, 1875-1890, Charles W. McCurdy Lord Cromer and the development of Egyptian industry, E.R.J. Owen the state and economic development in India, 1890-1947 - the case of oil, Geoffrey G. Jones the state's contribution to the development of Brazil's internal economy, 1850-1930, Steven Topik the Colonial Office British business interests and the reforms of cocoa marketing in West Africa, 1937-1945, David Meredith mastering the market - Japanese government targeting of the computer industry, Marie Anchordoguy. Part 2 Business and politics: the end of laissez faire and the politics of cotton, P.F. Clarke French business and the French colonialists, C.M. Andrew and A.S. Kanya-Forstner economic power and political stability reconsidered - heavy industry in Weimar Germany, Bernd Weisbrod railway combination and government, 1900-14, P.J. Cain the control of competition in the British coalmining industry in the Thirties, Maurice W. Kirkby the political economy of demoralization - the state and the coalmining industry in America and Britain between the wars, Barry Supple domestic politics and foreign investment - British development of Mexican petroleum, 1889-1911, Jonathan C. Brown a special relationship government, rearmament and the cordite firms, Clive Trebilcock the oil industry in Nazi Germany, Raymond G. Stokes employers' organizations, unemployment and social politics in Britain during the inter-war period, Terence Rodgers corporate liberalism in the American business community, 1920-1940, Kim McQuaid economic mobilization in wartime Japan - business, bureaucracy, and military in conflict, Richard Rice not politicians but sound businessmen - Norton company and the Third Reich, Charles Cheape colonial firms and the decline of colonialism in Eastern India, 1914-47, B.R. Tomlinson decolonization and business - the case of Egypt, Robert L. Tignor.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2504145534
|
Egypt: Successive Holding Structures
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "World Bank",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1334329717",
"lat": 38.89511,
"long": -77.03637,
"type": "other"
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"display_name": "Anjali Kumar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060507875"
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{
"display_name": "Bureaucracy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C51575053"
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{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
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{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Socialism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C501299471"
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{
"display_name": "Autonomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65414064"
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{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
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{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
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{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
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{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
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{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Communism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C542948173"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Egypt"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2504145534
|
The focus of the development strategy of the Egyptian government since the 1952 revolution was growth through self-reliance and socialism. From 1961, the nationalization of private enterprise began and by 1965, all large establishments in agriculture, industry, trade and infrastructure were state-owned. To look after the 438 public enterprises which existed at this time, thirty nine General Organizations were created, under the aegis of sectoral ministries. The rationale for the General Organizations at this point was improved sectoral coordination and planning of industrial development. During the 1970s, there were some attempts at liberalization under an Open Door Policy and new laws were introduced to encourage private investment.1 Although most industry remained in the hands of the state, the government attempted to ease the strict and bureaucratic controls on public enterprises by abolishing the General Organizations in 1975 (Law 111) and placing the enterprises directly under the relevant ministries. A performance evaluation system was introduced at the same time to give greater autonomy to public enterprises.2
|
[
{
"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
"type": "ebook platform"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3118475044
|
Measuring the Impact of Monetary Stability Indicators on the Development of Small Industrial Enterprises in Iraq for the Period (2000-2018)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ghalib Shaker Bahit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063740822"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Salam Mounam Zami",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020263946"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hatem Kareem Balhawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030564648"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Exchange rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776988154"
},
{
"display_name": "Inflation (cosmology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C200941418"
},
{
"display_name": "Currency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141121606"
},
{
"display_name": "Local currency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780015253"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial production",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C82753439"
},
{
"display_name": "Monetary policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126285488"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic stability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73374054"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Secondary sector of the economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169685871"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Goods and services",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187452473"
},
{
"display_name": "Monetary economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C556758197"
},
{
"display_name": "Value (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640"
},
{
"display_name": "Product (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90673727"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Theoretical physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33332235"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3118475044
|
Monetary policy seeks, through its tools, to stabilize the prices of goods and services, stabilize the exchange rate of the local currency, and create an appropriate interest rate structure that is consistent with economic and local conditions. The research problem is a question. Has the economic policy in Iraq succeeded in being in meshes with the directions of monetary policy and investing the stability opportunities provided, to promote the development activity of the country properly, by strengthening the role of local investment, especially in small industrial projects with the desired product locally. This study dealt with measuring indicators of monetary stability in the development of small industrial enterprises. The industrial system for small enterprises in Iraq is characterized by the high volume of small-sized industrial units, which accounted for (96.99%) of the total establishments operating in the industrial sector. The existence of a direct effect between the exchange rate and the number of workers, and the existence of an adverse effect between inflation and the value of production.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Industrial Engineering and Management Systems",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764454127",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1801289538
|
Picking Winners and Losers: An Empirical Analysis of Industrial Policy in Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Najib Harabi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005870067"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Independence (probability theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1801289538
|
This paper describes the major instruments of industrial policy in Morocco since its independence (1956) and assesses them empirically. Regarding the second objective, several methods for assessing the impact of industrial policy exist in the economic literature. In this paper the question is raised whether government selective policies have contributed to economic growth of private firms in Morocco. To answer this question empirically, the paper analyzes the factors affecting the growth process of Moroccan private firms, including selective government policies. The analysis is based on a field survey of 850 firms carried out under the auspices of the World Bank in 2004. The sample includes firms of different sizes and covers all major manufacturing industries. A major result of this case study is that they are indirect clues of the inefficacy of industrial policies in Morocco, at least measured by their impact on firm growth.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3129217983
|
Industrial Policy and Promising Niches in Morocco. A Quantitative Analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamed Karim",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062479967"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Khalid Sobhi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078678260"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamed El Moussaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087467912"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Othmane Erguigue",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083012330"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
},
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "Tourism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18918823"
},
{
"display_name": "Incentive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3129217983
|
Since 2000, Morocco has launched important institutional and economic reforms based on strategies to correct market failures in important sectors of the economy. These strategies have included tax exemptions and other financial incentives, facilitating access to land and simplifying administrative procedures, and launching major public infrastructure projects, all of which have combined to create a new investment dynamic in strategic sectors such as agriculture, industry, and energy. These efforts have affected many sectors: the Azur Vision 2020 plan for tourism, the Green Morocco Plan for agriculture, the Halieutis 2020 Plan for fishing, Maroc Plus Export for export, the Emergence Plan (2005) for industry followed by the National Pact for Industrial Emergence, 2009-2015 and the new Industrial Acceleration Plan, 2014-2020. For example, to support the new Industrial Acceleration Plan, the government has provided a grant, a financial support of about 2% of GDP over 6 years. The government has also offered ad hoc support to attract foreign investors in large private projects likely to generate significant positive externalities. One example is the project to set up a Renault Company plant in Tangiers, which aims to produce and export 400,000 cars per year (World Bank, 2017).This note highlights the industrial sectors that can offer the best potential for growth, attract private investors and contribute to the creation of decent jobs. It will also identify ways to accelerate investment in Morocco. These industrial investments may include purely private investments or those made with the support of international financial institutions. The note analyzes investment and sectoral integration opportunities using the input model (outputs and employment elasticity indicators), the evaluation of the industrial acceleration plan, and sets out the measures taken by the CVE to promote VSEs. Only one classic sector is selected is highlighted for their investment potential and their commitment to reform in the sectors. It is the food industry.The note follows the diagram below:1) An introduction to the economic, political and social frameworks, including key indicators 2) A sector analysis to identify one to three sectors that are likely to be the subject of accelerated investment and in which reforms will have a particularly high chance of improving the business and investment climate and having an impact on development. 3) A mapping of the most relevant initiatives, technical assistance, grants and loans, and investments by donors and other stakeholders, such as development finance institutions. In the selected sector(s).4) An analysis of the existing reform agenda in the respective sector(s) and the identification of areas where there is a high likelihood of effective cooperation to support the implementation of these reforms.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of economics and public finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220026",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2187889771
|
Identification and Analysis of Industrial Cluster Structure
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "А. В. Бабкин",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067318283"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tatiana Kudryavtseva",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023117262"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Svetlana Alexandrovna Utkina",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018573747"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Competition (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Identification (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116834253"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89128539"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Function (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14036430"
},
{
"display_name": "Market structure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155739000"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Botany",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59822182"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Evolutionary biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78458016"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2187889771
|
The article gives reasons for the choice of management object of state policy, the problems of realization of policy are considered, its risks connected with information asymmetry, insufficiency of statistic information, absence of efficient tool for and their prototypes' identification. Critical analysis of the existing approaches to definition of industrial enterprises' clusters is done, the author proposes his own sequential order to identify groups of interrelated enterprises with the aid of charts of potential clusters. Use of this approach allowed to identify the structure of industrial and interrelation between its main participators, which are potential objects of state policy. In Russia in the conditions of significant change of companies, state organizations and NCOs which are institutional functions performed by constituent entities' striving to increase in competition. The founder of this governments the object of state management in industry theory, M. Porter investigated the role of clusters in must be re-defined, in order to do that new approaches competition processes, living cycle of clusters, role of must be developed. In modern economy key function is private sector as well as institutes in clusters performed by such relations between economic agents, improvement. By now approach to economy is which can not be restricted neither to ordinary market totally accepted strategy aimed to increase competition of contracts, nor to relations inside company executive industries in national economy Successful experiments in vertical structure. Such coordination of economic activity, development of clusters were carried out in different world which is something in between market and administrative countries, among them: India, Indonesia, Malaysia, forms is called economic quasi-integration (1). Practices of Mexico, Nicaragua, Bolivia, Madagascar, Morocco, Tunis developed countries with completely formed market (3). Cluster approach is also used in state investment relations demonstrate that one of relatively new forms of policy in order to find out prioritized areas for attraction of quasi-integration is combination of enterprises from direct foreign investments (4). different industries of national economy, which is called Popularization of approach in economy of developed countries led to active development of M. M. Porter gives the following definition: cluster is a Porter's ideas. Having analyzed existing approaches group of geographically near to each and (UNIDO, Eurasia Fund) (5-8, 11) we could formulate the interrelated companies and associated with them following definition of industrial cluster. Industrial institutes which specialize in some common sphere and is a group of geographically close and interacting leading put together by common interests and add to each other companies and affiliated organizations which act in
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4225305100
|
Articles: African industrial hubs and industrialization: diversity, unevenness and strategic approach
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Diversity (politics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781316041"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Excellence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777352838"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Diversification (marketing strategy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C180916674"
},
{
"display_name": "Economies of agglomeration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C131850264"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4225305100
|
Economic agglomeration and industrial clusters have always been part of industrialization and economic development. Since the 1960s, industrial hubs have proliferated in Asia, driven by policies to foster economic catch-up and structural transformation. Industrial hubs are relatively new to Africa but continue to attract attention from policymakers and researchers. However, empirical studies on African industrial hubs have been inadequate and, to date, have had only a limited influence on policymaking. Contrary to accepted wisdom, underperforming African industrial hubs offer an opportunity for policy learning from successes and failures. This paper aims to fill the existing knowledge gap from a policymaking perspective. It has three objectives: first, to demonstrate the diversity, the uneven and mixed outcomes, and the evolving nature of African industrial hubs; second, to provide insights and policymaking lessons through a comparative analysis of four diverse cases, namely those of Mauritius, the China-Africa economic and trade cooperation development zones, the Tanger Med Complex in Morocco and the recent experiment with industrial hubs in Ethiopia; third, to show that developing synergies to advance industrialization requires a strategic approach, integrating the state’s productive role and executive excellence within the broader industrial policy framework.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Transnational corporations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210181465",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2912694526
|
Deindustrialization and Employment in Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abdelaaziz Aït Ali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027522501"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Uri Dadush",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036500840"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Deindustrialization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780083220"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Manufacturing sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2988460067"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2912694526
|
This policy brief shows that the downward trend of employment in manufacturing in Morocco is due primarily to labor productivity improvement and that the increased deficit in manufacturing trade also plays an important role. While recognizing the crucial importance of a vibrant manufacturing sector in Morocco, this brief argues that Morocco cannot rely primarily on manufactures to “pull” labor out of agriculture. To provide more jobs, Moroccan policies should pay more attention to sectors which employ large numbers of people and where employment is expanding as a result of the ongoing structural transformation of the Moroccan economy.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Policy notes & Policy briefs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306522713",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2107351396
|
Export-driven Industrial Development in Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ki Wook Kim",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011728393"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jung-Ho",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024804978"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Myeong Soo Lee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037894141"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jin-sang",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070027735"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Promotion (chess)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98147612"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2107351396
|
Morocco is located en route to Europe from the African continent. ED is the main trading partner sharing more than 65% of exports and 60% of imports. Morocco applied for EU membership but has not yet succeeded. The Moroccan economy has not been fully industrialized. Government policies have not been effective in terms of industrial promotion. With the limited size of the domestic market, Morocco could benefit greatly from export promotion policies so that its economy can become more closely integrated with the EU. In this sense, the Korean model of industrialization based on export promotion could be a good match and benchmark. After analyzing the current situation of the Moroccan economy and export policies, this paper suggests ways in which Korea can share its successful development experience in the public and private sectors, and academia.
|
[
{
"display_name": "한국아프리카학회지",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306496500",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3148109343
|
Picking Winners and Losers: An Empirical Analysis of Industrial Policy in Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Najib Harabi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005870067"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Independence (probability theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3148109343
|
This paper describes the major instruments of industrial policy in Morocco since its independence (1956) and assesses them empirically. Regarding the second objective, several methods for assessing the impact of industrial policy exist in the economic literature. In this paper the question is raised whether government selective policies have contributed to economic growth of private firms in Morocco. To answer this question empirically, the paper analyzes the factors affecting the growth process of Moroccan private firms, including selective government policies. The analysis is based on a field survey of 850 firms carried out under the auspices of the World Bank in 2004. The sample includes firms of different sizes and covers all major manufacturing industries. A major result of this case study is that they are indirect clues of the inefficacy of industrial policies in Morocco, at least measured by their impact on firm growth.
|
[
{
"display_name": "MPRA Paper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2330251157
|
The EU’s Mediterranean Policy and the Southward Expansion of European Production Network: Case of Morocco
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Haruka Takasaki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002206971"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Multinational corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158016649"
},
{
"display_name": "Incentive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Mediterranean climate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4646841"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779228913"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W4233620324"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2330251157
|
The relationship between the EU and the Mediterranean enters a new stage after the 1995 Barcelona Declaration. This phase has been preceded by an active implementation of EU’s policy towards the Mediterranean since the 1960s. The main objective of the ongoing policy is to ensure high economic growth in the Mediterranean area based on the promotion of EU’s FDI into the region which is fully integrated in the production network of Europe. This type of policy has also been the underpinnings of Central and Eastern Europe’s economic development. Having agreed with the similar development policy, Mediterranean countries, especially Morocco, have started an FDI-oriented economic growth strategy. The general objective of this study is to illustrate the process of EU’s FDI in the Mediterranean, especially Morocco, taking the EU policy as a starting point. In particular, after a description of the characteristics of Moroccan development strategy, an attention is paid to the market level behavior. Specifically, we investigate the present condition of the Moroccan automotive industry and examine the case of Renault based on a fieldwork. In recent years, the automobile and aeronautic sectors have become one of the most important sectors with respect to the Moroccan Industrial Emergence National Pact and have consequently received large inflows of FDI mainly from Southern Europe’s multinational firms (France and Spain). The economic reforms taking place in Morocco, namely the Tanger MED port facilities, the various free zones and the governmental investment incentives packages, can explain the recent increase of FDI in the country. Besides, contrarily the other Mediterranean countries, Morocco has adopted the “advanced status” in 2008 which aimed at legally making the country closer to EU through the EU acquis. Our fieldwork has been conducted in SOMACA and Renault-Nissan (Tanger-Project). SOMACA has been, until 2002, an export-oriented firm focusing in the Southern European market and has started the exports of low-cost vehicles (Dacia-Logan) in 2007. Despite the recent financial crisis, Renault is one of the most important firms, especially because our fieldwork has shown that the “Renault-Tanger Mediterranean” Project with a production capacity of 400000 vehicles, a low-cost production base, is the greatest project ever in the Moroccan automotive sector. An examination of the Moroccan automobile industry can consequently help to have an idea on part of the formation of a production network that is taking place in the region.
|
[
{
"display_name": "EU Studies in Japan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764437136",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2562460989
|
L’attractivité des investissements directs étrangers Cas de l’industrie manufacturière marocaine
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Bijou",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069502311"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Elhassouni",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023442415"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Multinational corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158016649"
},
{
"display_name": "Subsidiary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126071100"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Underpinning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780871342"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Panel data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6422946"
},
{
"display_name": "Appeal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778449503"
},
{
"display_name": "Market size",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983069542"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Commerce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54750564"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Civil engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147176958"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2562460989
|
The contribution of foreign subsidiaries to economic growth prompted the Moroccan government to place the attraction of foreign direct investment as one of the economic priorities of the country, which has led to the development of policies aiming to attract multinationals. This thesis therefore proposes to identify the key determinants of foreign investment. It is to identify new investment conditions sought by multinational firms to appreciate the Moroccan territory , and then evaluate using an econometric panel data model the importance of different macroeconomic variables explaining the inflow of FDI in the manufacturing sector in Moroccan flows, and to identify the main factors underpinning the appeal.
Our results show that variables such as availability of labor factor, high cost and quality of labor, market size, as well as trade opening, are the most significant factors appealing to industrial companies. We also show that the industrial density attracts the implementation of new investors, and that Morocco has become an attractive industrial platform to foreign exporters.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1520564592
|
Some dimensions of incoherence of Moroccan trade policy with its internal sectoral policies
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Sultan Moulay Slimane",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210119856",
"lat": 32.33725,
"long": -6.34983,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Rachid Hasnaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059875875"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Morocco",
"display_name": "Université Sultan Moulay Slimane",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210119856",
"lat": 32.33725,
"long": -6.34983,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Cheklekbire Malainine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035141713"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Tariff",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776060655"
},
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Commercial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140413371"
},
{
"display_name": "Balance of trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22674136"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Balance (ability)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168031717"
},
{
"display_name": "Trade barrier",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182769425"
},
{
"display_name": "International economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18547055"
},
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical medicine and rehabilitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99508421"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1520564592
|
Morocco signed a range of preferential agreements with more than fifty partners. However, the balance of trade with them, benefits to the partners of Morocco against the interests of Moroccan firms. Similarly, the conclusion of new trade agreements such as that with Canada or UEMOA will degrade the trade balance of Morocco and will worsen its deficit. The present paper aims to show the problem of inconsistency between trade policy of Morocco and its sectoral policies: agricultural, industrial and fisheries; since for foreign trade policy, a tariff reform based on the reduction of tariffs was implemented while the effort to promote and diversify the industrial and agricultural supply has not received the same necessary logical care. The causes of incoherence relate in particular to the existence of a dislocated economic sector, disintegrated and weakly competitive. In other words, The lack of competitive firms, able to satisfy, at competitive rates, domestic demand, to able to satisfy, at competitive rates, domestic demand, to compete internationally, to create employment for young people and promote social progress. The existing mechanisms of action as sectoral plans implemented since a good ten years have failed to boost economic growth and to achieve the objectives of intended development. The role of the state at this time should focus on two points: first to support financially businesses and second, to support the cost of poorly studied and less thoughtful trade openness. This is based mainly on free trade with powerful and competitive markets.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2765039435",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3025276523
|
The effectiveness of Morocco’s industrial policy in promoting a national automotive industry
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tina Hahn",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019427510"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Georgeta Vidican Auktor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033212890"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Automotive industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526921623"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Value (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640"
},
{
"display_name": "Workforce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778139618"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Global value chain",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778764706"
},
{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Comparative advantage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76474335"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2013359243",
"https://openalex.org/W2029347888",
"https://openalex.org/W2043836931",
"https://openalex.org/W2058147221",
"https://openalex.org/W2106972046",
"https://openalex.org/W2275960359",
"https://openalex.org/W2518842371"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3025276523
|
Since the 1980s, international production patterns have fundamentally changed, creating opportunities for developing countries to integrate into global value chains (GVCs). Morocco, which is among the first countries in the Middle East and North Africa to pursue an export-led economic policy, has used this opportunity, among others, to develop an automotive supplier industry, which became one of the country’s industrial lead-sectors. This paper analyses how industrial policy and industry-level dynamics contributed to the emergence of an automotive supplier industry. We find that, although Morocco achieved its overall goal of establishing such an industry, this industry remains limited to low-value activities. With the aim of deepening the level of integration into GVCs and acquiring a dynamic competitive advantage in the automotive sector, the nature and objective of industrial policy in Morocco has changed in the past couple of years. Instead of focusing primarily on its labour-cost advantage to attract lead-firms to localise in Morocco, decision-makers currently are taking a more systemic approach to industrial policy, focusing on fostering synergies across sectors, creating ecosystems for different parts of the value chain, and using targeted support measures for enhancing workforce capabilities and competencies. We find evidence for a tendency towards the co-design of policy measures by public and private stakeholders, which, if it persists, could lead the way towards a more effective industrial policy. The main challenge for the future of the automotive sector in Morocco lies in a stronger inclusion of local firms in the value chain and a gradual shift towards higher value added. This will require a stronger focus on developing advanced technological skills and a higher level of investment in research and development.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2587738048
|
Productivité, innovation et politique sectorielle des industries de transformation au Maroc (1985-2013) : Fondements théoriques et proposition d’une méthodologie [Productivity, Innovation and Sectoral Policy of Manufacturing Industries in Morocco (1985-2013): Theory and Proposition of a Methodology]
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamed Benabdelkader",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023825113"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Openness to experience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C84976871"
},
{
"display_name": "Total factor productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120009192"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Manufacturing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C175700187"
},
{
"display_name": "Panel data",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6422946"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2587738048
|
The determinants of total factor productivity (TFP) of the manufacturing industries, in particular innovation and industrial policy, constituted the seminal contribution of Crepon, Duguet and Mairesse in the late 1990. This study aims to explain the TFP of the 5 branches composing the manufacturing industries in Morocco on the 1985-2013 period through its panel regression on innovation, trade openness and industrial policy variables, as well as their interactions, while testing the model assumptions in the light of the Moroccan reality. This study will also provide conclusions related to the relevance of the original model as well as extensions and implications for further research.
|
[
{
"display_name": "MPRA Paper",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306520297",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3123314386
|
Performance of clusters in Morocco in the shifting economic and industrial reforms
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Boumediene Amraoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047699763"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abdesselam Ouhajjou",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082991479"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Salvatore Monni",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058125558"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Najiba El Amrani El Idrissi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061832636"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Manuela Tvaronavičienė",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051403565"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Cluster development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33404073"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Cluster (spacecraft)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164866538"
},
{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic transformation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780690664"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial district",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777551599"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123314386
|
The emergence of cluster policy around the world is inspired by the models of the Silicon Valley. Territorial and local development productive systems depend on the new integrated management models that are clusters. Morocco has adopted economic and industrial reforms aimed at accelerating the structural transformation of its production system by strengthening its territorial development model while adopting a cluster development policy through the National Pact for Industrial Emergence, but the performance of these clusters is questionable because they are in the genesis stage and must overcome social, managerial, financial and administrative obstacles and lack of public and private sector partnerships and insufficient innovative collaborative projects. This raises the question of measuring the dynamics and performance of a clusters and the problem of evaluating the economic development of a region. In this study, we intend to conduct review of Moroccan clusters and diagnose their performance in the context economic and industrial moving.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3137069946
|
The automotive sector in Morocco. Local manifestation of a global dynamic or decisive industrial emergence? [Le secteur automobile au Maroc. Manifestation locale d'une dynamique mondiale ou émergence industrielle décisive ?]
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alain Piveteau",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017516459"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Automotive industry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526921623"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Fordism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155922540"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Locale (computer software)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776049293"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26271046"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C146978453"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3137069946
|
In the Fordist version of industrial capitalism, automobile production forms the basis of industrial production and the wage relationship, in other words, of economic development and the transformation of modes of work. Derivatives of this centrality continue to fuel the post-Fordist debate on economic development as to the ability of the automobile industry and its national development to stimulate, in the current configuration of Global Value Chains (GVCs), the industrialization of developing economies. The literature continues to emphasize the key driver role of the automotive industry in job creation, productivity improvement, innovation and structural transformation of economic activity. Empirically, however, the debate is far from settled. The difficulty of moving from a successful entry into automotive GVCs, dominated by a small group of global automakers and suppliers, to the effective development of an automotive industry central to national economic development remains high. To be lifted, it requires public policies adjusted to the markets and to the need for accumulation of technological assets that contrast with a simple strategy of attracting and securing FDI. This is the crucial phase that Morocco seems to be entering. The sectoral analysis in this chapter seeks to understand the origins and nature of the industrial discontinuity represented by the rapid emergence of motor vehicle manufacturing and then discuss its actual and potential impact on the country's economic development. The proposed answers will take into account both external conditions, i.e. the profound transformations of the automotive sector in general, and internal conditions, which remain decisive in organizing the productive, social and territorial integration of an originally exogenous productive transformation. The central hypothesis of the discussion logically poses the problem of complementarity and synchrony between external and internal conditions. By moving away from the neo-institutionalist normativism that inexorably prescribes the conformation of the economies of the South to the presupposed rules of a global market for products, it in fact raises a more complex dimension of economic success: the role of national public policy in meeting the challenge of synchronization favourable to development. A first point (1) recalls the stages in the trajectory of the Moroccan automotive sector and the transformation of the institutional arrangements that accompanied it. The analysis of the sector's key statistics (2) then allows us to put into perspective the current weight of automobile production in the industrialization - or deindustrialization - process, while highlighting the present potential. Point (3) focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of the export positioning of the Moroccan automotive industry and on the challenge of local integration. Finally, the concluding point (4) summarizes the prospects and challenges for the development of the automotive sector in Morocco.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2601811435
|
Morocco’s 2014- 2020 Industrial Strategy and its potential implications for the structural transformation process
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karim El Mokri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017347693"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Pace",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777526511"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
"display_name": "Competition (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Product (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90673727"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663"
},
{
"display_name": "Value (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640"
},
{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Geodesy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C13280743"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2601811435
|
Morocco is now more than ever threatened by the trap of middle-income economies. On one hand, it is caught between increased competition from low-income countries in low productivity and labor-intensive sectors and, on the other hand, the difficulty of accelerating its pace of structural transformation towards activities with higher value added and higher technological content. International experience shows that few countries have managed to climb to the status of an advanced economy. The structural transformation process may be, in fact, impeded by several factors relating to market failures, a technological gap, a lack of know-how and human capital, inadequate institutional quality, etc. Overcoming these handicaps is often associated with the need to conduct an effective industrial policy, which should encourage private investment and orient it towards the most dynamic and complex sectors. The purpose of this policy brief is not in fact to assess Morocco’s new industrial policy and the feasibility of its stated objectives in terms of added value and job creation, but rather to judge the appropriateness of the choice of sectors targeted by this strategy, by highlighting the positioning of these sectors in the Product Space as well as with regard to the current cognitive and productive capacity of Morocco.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3124355270
|
Morocco’s 2014- 2020 Industrial Strategy and its potential implications for the structural transformation process
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karim El Mokri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017347693"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "Pace",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777526511"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
"display_name": "Competition (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Product (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90673727"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663"
},
{
"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750"
},
{
"display_name": "Value (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776291640"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
},
{
"display_name": "Geometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2524010"
},
{
"display_name": "Geodesy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C13280743"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124355270
|
Morocco is now more than ever threatened by the trap of middle-income economies. On one hand, it is caught between increased competition from low-income countries in low productivity and labor-intensive sectors and, on the other hand, the difficulty of accelerating its pace of structural transformation towards activities with higher value added and higher technological content. International experience shows that few countries have managed to climb to the status of an advanced economy. The structural transformation process may be, in fact, impeded by several factors relating to market failures, a technological gap, a lack of know-how and human capital, inadequate institutional quality, etc. Overcoming these handicaps is often associated with the need to conduct an effective industrial policy, which should encourage private investment and orient it towards the most dynamic and complex sectors. The purpose of this policy brief is not in fact to assess Morocco’s new industrial policy and the feasibility of its stated objectives in terms of added value and job creation, but rather to judge the appropriateness of the choice of sectors targeted by this strategy, by highlighting the positioning of these sectors in the Product Space as well as with regard to the current cognitive and productive capacity of Morocco.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Policy notes & Policy briefs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306522713",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2790475799
|
Public Policy, Industrial Transformation, Growth and Employment in Morocco: A Quantitative Analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pierre‐Richard Agénor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069072679"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karim El Aynaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056358451"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Wage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777388388"
},
{
"display_name": "Imitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126388530"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779530757"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2790475799
|
This paper presents a quantitative analysis, in an OLG setting, of the links between industrial transformation, economic growth and employment, as well as the role of public policy in that context. The model accounts for imitation and innovation activities, the education system, basic and advanced public infrastructure, labour market distortions, and a bidirectional link between foreign direct investment and the quality of human capital. The steady-state solution of the model is calibrated for Morocco and a range of simulations, involving individual policies (higher investment in infrastructure, a reform of the education system, a reduction in the degree of wage indexation, a policy of promoting inward migration of skilled workers, an increase in foreign direct investment, and improvements in the business climate) as well as several integrated reform programs, are analysed.Codes JEL : H54, I25, O33, O41.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Revue d’économie du développement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306528156",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2134848821
|
Industrial R&D as a national policy: Horizontal technology policies and industry-state co-evolution in the growth of the Israeli software industry
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Georgia Institute of Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I130701444",
"lat": 33.749,
"long": -84.38798,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Dan Breznitz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057884182"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Argument (complex analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98184364"
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{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W134450295",
"https://openalex.org/W1480248130",
"https://openalex.org/W1491038051",
"https://openalex.org/W1535129021",
"https://openalex.org/W1982266542",
"https://openalex.org/W2026237062",
"https://openalex.org/W2029033214",
"https://openalex.org/W2031536542",
"https://openalex.org/W2037154651",
"https://openalex.org/W2060815133",
"https://openalex.org/W2089419829",
"https://openalex.org/W2093441878",
"https://openalex.org/W2108477821",
"https://openalex.org/W2110418932",
"https://openalex.org/W2223838563",
"https://openalex.org/W3122029989",
"https://openalex.org/W3122245121",
"https://openalex.org/W3123431284",
"https://openalex.org/W4214713765",
"https://openalex.org/W4232098003",
"https://openalex.org/W4253982128"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2134848821
|
The Israeli software industry has been an indisputable success since the 1990s. This paper utilizes the development of the Israeli industry to empirically explore the argument of the horizontal technology policies (HTP) framework on the impact of neutral science and technology policies on industrial development. The paper micro-analyzes the Israeli software industry and compares its unique historical development pattern with other emerging countries. It describes (1) the rise of this industry as one outcome of the development of the entire IT industry in Israel; (2) the reasons behind the industry's ability to conduct and focus on intensive R&D activities; (3) the industry's success in becoming an integral part of the American financial and IT industrial sector. It argues that only by understanding the intricate co-evolution of state-industry relations and the specific HTP regime employed in Israel can we understand the current behavior, conditions, business models, and capability of the industry. Therefore, the argument is that Israel's industrial science and technology developmental agencies did not aim at creating a software industry, but rather at the development of novel products R&D-based industry. However, the software industry has been significantly influenced throughout its development by the specific system of innovation which these policies fostered. Thus, the paper argues that public policy is one of the main reasons why the industry has focused almost entirely on product R&D activities. In addition, the paper suggests that the state's science and technology industrial policy has propelled the industry into its intimate relationship with the American financial sector.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S9731383",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2064732170
|
Barriers and Limitations in the Development of Industrial Innovation in the Region
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amnon Frenkel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038474686"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic geography",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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[
"Israel"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2064732170
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Abstract The growing interest in public policy contributing to the expansion of industrial innovation, has become increasingly significant, resulting from the interrelationship between innovation, competitiveness, and economic growth. This article presents the results of an empirical study in identifying the most important barriers to the development of innovation, as ascribed by industrial firms belonging to the high-tech sector alongside the more traditional industries. The data were collected through field survey of industrial firms, located in the Northern region of Israel. A considerable unexpected similarity was identified in the most important factors that constitute barriers to innovation, between the industrial sectors and the different regions investigated. The most significant limitations are those that relate to the high risk involved with the engagement in innovation. The risks are related, on the one hand, to the lack of financial resources, and on the other hand, to the high cost needed for this engagement, thereby affecting the time needed for return on investment. Additionally, the lack of highly skilled workers was also found to be a significant barrier.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European Planning Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S175414165",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "Econstor (Econstor)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401696",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1966785308
|
High-Technology Industries as a Vehicle for Growth in Israel's Peripheral Regions
|
[
{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I174306211",
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Eliran Bar-El",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037906407"
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"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2988118331"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Manufacturing engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C117671659"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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] |
[
"Israel"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1966785308
|
This paper is a discussion of the subject of high-technology industrial development in peripheral regions. Findings from the literature are utilized to analyze critically the prospects for promoting high-technology industrial growth in Israel's peripheral regions. Alternative strategies for development are proposed. In section 2, the specific case of Israel, where the development of high-technology industries has recently been given high priority and attracting high-technology industries has been proposed as a viable strategy for promoting growth in peripheral regions, is discussed. This is presented in the context of the history of Israel's industrial development in general and of its high-technology industrial development policy in particular. In section 3, three alternative strategies for development policy are proposed, and the suitability of each to Israel is analyzed. The alternatives—the ‘Silicon Glen’ model, the specific area focus, and local-based development—all pursue strategies that sometimes contradict one another, sometimes overlap, and sometimes reinforce one another, thus generating the possibility of a fourth, and more optimal, policy strategy. In conclusion, it is not proposed that there exists a single policy strategy that could be claimed to be optimal for every peripheral region. Thus, no attempt is made to evaluate the superiority of one strategy alternative over another. This conclusion is reached after comparing the international literature to the case of Israel. It is apparent that high-technology industries are not necessarily always the best solution to the dilemmas of economic development in every region, particularly the ‘outer-ring’ border regions. A separate plan must be made for each peripheral region in light of its specific socioeconomic and locational characteristics. In drafting a regional development policy, planners must then deliberate whether or not high-technology industry is indeed likely to succeed in promoting regional economic growth.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Environment and Planning C-government and Policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S5352200",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3122029989
|
Innovation-Based Industrial Policy in Emerging Economies? The Case of Israel's IT Industry
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Georgia Institute of Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I130701444",
"lat": 33.749,
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],
"display_name": "Dan Breznitz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057884182"
}
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776728590"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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[
"Israel"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3122029989
|
In the last decade, few countries have figured prominently as cases of late-late developers that achieved worldwide success with their Information Technology (IT) industries. This paper focuses on the Israeli case and argues that uniquely in that group, and in contradiction to the model proposed by late development theories, Israel's competitive advantage in the IT industries, is in Research and Development (R&D). The paper's main arguments are that (a) the declared aim of Israel's industrial policy has been to develop a “science-based” industrial system similar to what we see in Israel today; (b) however, these policies, focused on diffusion and not on creation of capabilities, were successful only because of the existence of an already sophisticated and extensive R&D capability in the universities – markedly different from other Newly Industrialized Countries. Looking at the present the paper concludes that the same operational model that led Israel's IT industry to success might now be undermining its future growth.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Business and Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S99707577",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2113655121
|
Labor Migration Policy and the Governance of the Construction Industry in Israel and Japan
|
[
{
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Reading",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I71052956",
"lat": 51.44083,
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "David Bartram",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029387426"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C84265765"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C98847204"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C70036468"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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[
"Israel"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1494410708",
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"https://openalex.org/W1987104136",
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"https://openalex.org/W2170274026",
"https://openalex.org/W2324206412",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2113655121
|
Significant “guestworker” immigration occurs when the state lacks the capacity to inhibit rent-seeking by private interests that benefit from imported labor. Policies allowing imported labor result in government subsidies for employers’ profits. These subsidies are usefully conceived as rents. A developmentalist state(e.g. Japan) will constrain the creation of such rents, especially because imported labor carries long-term costs not borne by employers and inhibits productivity growth and positive structural change. A clientelist state (e.g. Israel) falls prey to this type of rent-seeking because of a weaker institutional capacity for creating conditions that make alternative solutions feasible and profitable for employers.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Politics & Society",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49968029",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402621",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402365",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1999324190
|
Measuring the technological intensity of the industrial sector: A methodological and empirical approach
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Daniel Felsenstein",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074184987"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Raphael Bar‐El",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037792838"
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[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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[
"Israel"
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"https://openalex.org/W1998221290",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1999324190
|
This paper contends that most definitions of what comprises a “high technology” industry are based on only one defining characteristic. It is argued that an adequate definition needs to be based on a multi-dimensional view of technology and a methodological approach is suggested for classifying industrial sectors into “technological profiles” on the basis of the various aspects of technology that they embody. Based on this methodology, an empirical study based on sub-branches of Israeli industry (at the 3 digit SIC level) is presented. Using cluster analysis and analysis of variance it is shown that the technological profiles have similar industrial, and not just technological, characteristics. The policy implications of these findings point to the need for a definition of “high technology” that caters to the policy needs and objectives for which it is being defined.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S9731383",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2009149441
|
Defying Convergence: Globalisation and Varieties of Defence-Industrial Capitalism
|
[
{
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2009149441
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Globalisation is transforming the production of armaments in ways poorly understood, yet critical to states' security. Most analysts contend that this process forces states to converge upon laissez-faire policies that systematically disadvantage smaller states. However, broader research in comparative political economy suggests that domestic institutions drive states to adapt in distinct ways independently of their size. Indeed, the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) approach argues that national institutions shape both how states develop adjustment strategies and their firms' comparative advantages. This article examines two small states – Israel and Sweden – to ascertain whether defence-industrial transformation drives them to converge upon common laissez-faire policies or, contrarily, whether distinct VoC shaped their adaptation strategies along different lines. To preview the conclusions, institutions impel states to respond to defence-industrial transformation in divergent ways. Liberal market states, such as Israel, respond by introducing greater competition for contracts and liberalising their import/export policies. In coordinated market states, such as Sweden, government cooperates with business groups to selectively open industries to foreign capital and position them to compete globally. Although they adapt differently to transformation's common challenge, these cases demonstrate that even small states can retain robust defence-industrial bases, albeit ones with increasingly distinct comparative advantages and disadvantages.
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[
{
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https://openalex.org/W2092619553
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Industrial Zones and Arab Industrialization in Israel
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2092619553
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Since the 1970s there has been increased integration of the Arab sector into the Israeli economy. This integration has been characterized by the increase in industrial entrepreneurship in the Arab settlements. Critical to the industrialization process are factors related to the availability of industrial zones and the infrastructure which supports industrial production. The main factors are: limited reserves of land for industry; lack of a land market; the structure and pattern of land ownership; entrepreneurial culture which does not encourage neither using bank loans nor the commercialization of land; the absence of allocation of industrial zones in the settlements master plans; low level of infrastructure and absence of public support for the development of industrial infrastructure; and the fact that the legislation for the encouragement of capital investments has not been applied in Arab settlements. These factors may be divided between external factors partly affected by government discriminative policy which does not support Arab industrial development, and internal factors related to the specific features of the Arab economy. Together, these factors reduce the attractiveness of the Israeli Arab periphery for the arrival of core located major industrial plants, and have a negative impact on Arab internally initiated industrial entrepreneurship.
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[
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https://openalex.org/W2003275112
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The Role of Ownership Characteristics in the Industrial Development of Israel's Peripheral Towns
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2003275112
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A framework for studying the ownership structure of industry in Israel's development towns is outlined, putting special emphasis on defining factors influencing entrepreneurship among residents of these towns, and relating these factors to theories of entrepreneurship in space, and to those of entrepreneurship among immigrant groups. Factors affecting external ownership of single-plant firms and location decisions of multiplant firms are considered in light of theories of industrial organization. Firms of different types are shown to react differently to the incentives of the Israeli spatial economic policy. Thus, whereas residents of the development towns benefit little from these capital incentives, nonlocally owned single-plant firms are most attracted by them. However, externally owned small single-plant firms have been shown to suffer from the greatest instability and to form very few local linkages. Another policy failure was the inability to attract government-owned military industries to the development towns.
|
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https://openalex.org/W617568463
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The Economics of Offsets: Defence Procurement and Coutertrade
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W617568463
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Countertrade and offsets - an overview of the theory and evidence in search of strategy - the evolution of Canadian defence industrial and regional benefits policy offsets and French arms exports offset benefits in Greek defence procurement defence industrialization through offsets - the case of Japan the teeth of the little tigers - offsets, defence production and economic development in South Korea and Taiwan US-Swiss F-5 transaction and the evolution of Swiss offset policy the UK experience with offsets US offset policy case study - Israel.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2351381152
|
The Development of the Information Technology Industry in Israel: A Case of State-Induced Expansion of Academic R&D Capabilities Throughout the National Innovation System?
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2351381152
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In the last decade, three countries have figured prominently as cases of late-late developing countries that achieved worldwide success with their Information Technology (IT) industries: India, Ireland, and Israel. This paper focuses on the Israeli case and argues that unlike India and Ireland, Israel's competitive advantage in the IT industries, is in Research and Development (R&D). This competitive advantage in R&D exists in all IT industrial sectors and in life sciences and propelled the Israeli high-technology industry to success first in hardware and then in software. The main argument of this paper is that this R&D advantage, historically emanating from Israel's academic research institutional complex, is apparent throughout the Israeli system of innovation and in all stages of technological research. More importantly, the paper contends that since in the late 1960s, the declared aim of Israel's industrial policy has been to develop exactly such a system, and to diffuse these capabilities throughout the industrial sector. Hence, the Israeli innovation system, while not directly built by these state efforts, was
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1515180819
|
Barriers and Limitations in the Development of Industrial Innovation in the Region
|
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1515180819
|
The growing interest in public policy contributing to the expansion of industrial innovation has become increasingly significant, resulting from the interrelationship between innovation, competitiveness, and economic growth. Thus, the identification of barriers and limitations hindering the success of innovation will define the principles on which efficient and successful public policy must be based. This paper presents the results of an empirical study aimed at identifying the most significant barriers to the development of innovation, as ascribed by industrial firms belonging to the hi-tech sector, alongside more traditional industries. The data was collected through a field survey of industrial firms located in the Northern region of Israel, covering two different sub-regions: the metropolitan core and the periphery. The study also investigated the differences between the industrial sectors (hi-tech vs. traditional and type of region (metropolitan vs. periphery) with regard to the importance ascribed to the various barriers. A considerable similarity was identified between the industrial sectors and the different regions investigated, with regard to the most significant factors acting as barriers that slow down or all together stop innovative projects. These findings could facilitate in the design of a comprehensive policy in order to minimize the negative impact of such barriers on the expansion of industrial innovation.
|
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https://openalex.org/W3125994544
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Industrial R&D as a National Policy: Horizontal Technology Policies and Industry-State Co-Evolution in the Growth of the Israeli Software Industry
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{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Public policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C109986646"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74363100"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3125994544
|
The Israeli software industry has been an indisputable success since the 1990s. This paper utilizes the development of the Israeli industry to empirically explore the argument of the horizontal technology policies (HTP) framework on the impact of neutral science and technology policies on industrial development. The paper micro-analyzes the Israeli software industry and compares its unique historical development pattern with other emerging countries. It describes (1) the rise of this industry as one outcome of the development of the entire IT industry in Israel; (2) the reasons behind the industry's ability to conduct and focus on intensive RD and (3) the industry's success in becoming an integral part of the American financial and IT industrial sector. It argues that only by understanding the intricate co-evolution of state-industry relations and the specific HTP regime employed in Israel can we understand the current behavior, conditions, business models, and capability of the industry. Therefore, the argument is that Israel's industrial science and technology developmental agencies did not aim at creating a software industry, but rather at the development of novel products R&D-based industry. However, the software industry has been significantly influenced throughout its development by the specific system of innovation which these policies fostered. Thus, the paper argues that public policy is one of the main reasons why the industry has focused almost entirely on product R&D activities. In addition, the paper suggests that the state's science and technology industrial policy has propelled the industry into its intimate relationship with the American financial sector.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2360466069
|
On Israeli Industrialization
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "China",
"display_name": "Nanjing University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I881766915",
"lat": 32.06167,
"long": 118.77778,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Qianhong Zhang",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085155319"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Industrialisation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41866144"
},
{
"display_name": "Private sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121426985"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Secondary sector of the economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169685871"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Natural resource",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29985473"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Government sector",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019119777"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2360466069
|
The State of Israel,though small in territory and poor in natural resources,has made remarkable achievements in economy since its founding in 1948. There are three main types of industrial ownership in Israel, including government - owned sector, Histadrut (the General Federation for Labor) sector and private sector. The government and Histadrut each accounts for about 20-25 % of industry,and the private sector for 50%. Israeli industrial policy has underwent the significant transfer - from import - instituting industrialization to export-oriented development strategy. The successful experiences are highly valuing the high-oriented development, the practical adjustments in economic policies and industrial growing promoted by export trade.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Shanxi Teachers University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764449225",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3148637330
|
Policies For The Location Of Industrial Districts In Italy And
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Giuseppe Pace",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051452081"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Decentralization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136810230"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3148637330
|
Recent global trends have affected significantly territorial and economic policies, especially in advanced-economy democracies, weakening frequently their national sovereignty. This paper, through published data, documentary sources, and interviews, offers a comparative perspective of industrial localisation’s policies in Israel and Italy, focusing on the dualism national decision-making/local practice. Although they have two different political structures, both countries have shifted to greater decentralisation, increased deregulation, and more privatisation. Since the beginning of the State, Israel industrial localisation policy used tools as national and regional planning and fiscal incentives, with the objective of the industrial dispersal. But last years’ profound economic, political, and social changes have led to a transformation of Israeli industrial geography, shifting changes in the government policies, and reinforcing the local-government assertiveness. Developing industrial parks has become a top priority even for rural regional council, with the risk of over-investment in too many industrial parks of too small a size. Similarly, since post-war years Italy concentrated on regenerating the economic periphery, the southern regions, through the “Cassa per il Mezzogiorno”, helping finance and developing irrigation, agriculture and industrial development in the most disadvantaged areas with a policy of investments in infrastructures and financial supports to the localisation of large firms. The change of industrial models, now based on more flexible structures, has brought, almost spontaneously, the “Third Italy” phenomenon, a proliferation of ‘local production systems’ (LPS) where SMEs represent an high share of total employment. Based on an endogenous development model, the success of LPS is not guaranteed unless change and innovation take place among local SMEs and institutions and between the local production system and the external environment, competing areas and other spatial system. For both countries is necessary a comprehensive, strategic and flexible planning and a stable, efficient and no-bureaucratic decision-making process, at an intermediate scale between regional and local.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Urban/Regional",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306533965",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2196751508
|
POLICIES FOR THE LOCATION OF INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS IN ITALY AND
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Giuseppe Pace",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051452081"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Decentralization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136810230"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C136264566"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2196751508
|
Recent global trends have affected significantly territorial and economic policies, especially in advanced-economy democracies, weakening frequently their national sovereignty. This paper, through published data, documentary sources, and interviews, offers a comparative perspective of industrial localisation’s policies in Israel and Italy, focusing on the dualism national decision-making/local practice. Although they have two different political structures, both countries have shifted to greater decentralisation, increased deregulation, and more privatisation. Since the beginning of the State, Israel industrial localisation policy used tools as national and regional planning and fiscal incentives, with the objective of the industrial dispersal. But last years’ profound economic, political, and social changes have led to a transformation of Israeli industrial geography, shifting changes in the government policies, and reinforcing the local-government assertiveness. Developing industrial parks has become a top priority even for rural regional council, with the risk of over-investment in too many industrial parks of too small a size. Similarly, since post-war years Italy concentrated on regenerating the economic periphery, the southern regions, through the “Cassa per il Mezzogiorno”, helping finance and developing irrigation, agriculture and industrial development in the most disadvantaged areas with a policy of investments in infrastructures and financial supports to the localisation of large firms. The change of industrial models, now based on more flexible structures, has brought, almost spontaneously, the “Third Italy” phenomenon, a proliferation of ‘local production systems’ (LPS) where SMEs represent an high share of total employment. Based on an endogenous development model, the success of LPS is not guaranteed unless change and innovation take place among local SMEs and institutions and between the local production system and the external environment, competing areas and other spatial system. For both countries is necessary a comprehensive, strategic and flexible planning and a stable, efficient and no-bureaucratic decision-making process, at an intermediate scale between regional and local.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W645998637
|
Globalization of Malaysian economy: with special focus on the role of growth enclaves
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Japan",
"display_name": "Nanzan University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I119031078",
"lat": 35.18147,
"long": 136.9064,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Khondaker Mizanur Rahman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062441448"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rafiuddin Ahmed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059146129"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Multinational corporation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158016649"
},
{
"display_name": "Globalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116"
},
{
"display_name": "Foreign direct investment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33842695"
},
{
"display_name": "Modernization theory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C53844881"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "General partnership",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87980944"
},
{
"display_name": "Investment (military)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27548731"
},
{
"display_name": "World economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777098093"
},
{
"display_name": "Incentive",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29122968"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1500424661",
"https://openalex.org/W1569632902",
"https://openalex.org/W1988936336",
"https://openalex.org/W1991294983",
"https://openalex.org/W2053051662",
"https://openalex.org/W2062416519",
"https://openalex.org/W2071249181",
"https://openalex.org/W2157142155",
"https://openalex.org/W2727874711",
"https://openalex.org/W2810816287",
"https://openalex.org/W2917032951",
"https://openalex.org/W3123617927",
"https://openalex.org/W3138377669"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W645998637
|
Purpose: This paper examines the process of the globalization of Malaysia, a country that has developed over four decades to become one of the top three globalized nations of Asia, after Singapore and Israel. Initially, its enormous primary resources supplied it with a comparative advantage. It pursued an export-oriented economic policy that attracted multinational company (MNC) foreign direct investment (FDI), and modern technology. Subsequently, industrial products from Malaysia made inroads into world markets.
Methodology: This was followed by the establishment of growth enclaves throughout the country and the offer of generous incentives to investors, particularly to MNCs. A further source of FDI was the various bilateral and multilateral investment agreements made with major investing countries. Similar agreements on trade and tariffs helped Malaysia to expand in industrial and primary product markets all over the world. All these efforts at industrial and economic development received further impetus from Malaysia's increasing interests in joining regional, continental, and multinational trade, security, and economic blocs and forums.
Findings: Malaysia entered into Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) with a number of countries, which has further strengthened its trade and investment globalization. Underlying these agreements and partnerships has been a proliferation of economic development and modernization programs, plans, policies, and strategies from all Malaysia's national and state administrative agencies and authorities. With a view to achieving a balanced and sustained national development, it formulated plans for all sectors of the economy that complemented a broad national development plan.
Recommendations: The national Vision 2020 is for an all-encompassing development ranging from the social and ethnic to law and order issues, education, science and technology, industrialization, tele-communication, digitalization, and many other known and perceivable dimensions of development and modernization.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764624118",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2014952400
|
Turkish Middle Income Trap and Less Skilled Human Capital
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Gökhan Yılmaz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003579132"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Middle income trap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Human capital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776943663"
},
{
"display_name": "Trap (plumbing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121099081"
},
{
"display_name": "Demographic economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Capital (architecture)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83646750"
},
{
"display_name": "Labour economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145236788"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2014952400
|
This paper reviews the literature on the Middle Income Trap and compares Turkey to the rest of the trapped and non-trapped (non-middle income trapped) countries. We analyze country experiences by focusing on the role of well-designed and high quality education system to avoid the trap. When we compare Turkey’s human capital to human capital in non-trapped countries, we observe that Turkish education system will be critical to break out the trap. An education system that is consistent with development path of the economy could yield both “skilled and high capability human capital” and “innovative and competitive productive capacity” to overcome the trap. Our qualitative analysis also demonstrates that Turkey has not been benefitting from de-agriculturalization sufficiently. Surplus labor coming from agriculture is not being employed in the knowledge intensive manufacturing activities. Moreover, the speed of de-agriculturalization is slow, hence Turkey can’t fully exploit unrepeatable gains of structural transformation. Transferring these agriculture workers into high productivity tradable activities can yield significant labor productivity and per capita income gains.
|
[
{
"display_name": "İktisat işletme ve finans",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210188699",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4281706864
|
Testing the middle income trap for upper middle income countries by fourier cointegration
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Fırat University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I143396566",
"lat": 38.67431,
"long": 39.22321,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ayşe Esra Peker",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058116074"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Fırat University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I143396566",
"lat": 38.67431,
"long": 39.22321,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Merve Nur Çak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028472068"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Cointegration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145162277"
},
{
"display_name": "Middle income trap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Gross domestic product",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114350782"
},
{
"display_name": "Econometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149782125"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4281706864
|
The middle income trap is defined as the inability to rise to a higher income group after the gross domestic product value reaches the middle income level and is stuck in a certain income range. Based on this point, the data used in the study covers the period 1960-2019. The middle income trap hypothesis was tested for upper middle income country groups in 2019 and has been included in the 22 countries included in the study. The per capita Gross Domestic Product data for the mentioned countries and the reference country were obtained from the World Bank database. In the study, in order to perform the Banerjee Arcabic Lee (2017) Fourier ADL cointegration test, the variables used in the analysis should be first-order I (1) stationary. For this reason, before the cointegration test, Ng-Perron Test (2001), Enders and Lee (2012) Fourier Function Stationarity Test, Christopoulos and Leon Ledesma (2010) Fourier CSR Stability tests were performed to determine the stationarity levels of variables. And then the Banerjee Arcabic Lee (2017) Fourier ADL cointegration test was applied to the above mentioned 16 countries. According to the results of Fourier ADL Cointegration, the null hypothesis, which asserts that there is no cointegration for Botswana, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ecuador, Fiji, Gabon, Guatemala, Iran, Jamaica, Malaysia, Peru, South Africa, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, including Turkey cannot be rejected within 5% significance level. Therefore, empirical evidence has been obtained that these countries are in the middle income trap.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Life Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2737670188",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W266266479
|
Jordan and the Middle-Income Growth Trap: “Arab Springs” and Institutional Changes
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "EconomiX",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210126321",
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"long": 2.20675,
"type": "facility"
}
],
"display_name": "Bénédicte Coestier",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087777946"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Middle income trap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
},
{
"display_name": "Trap (plumbing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121099081"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
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] |
[
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W266266479
|
Although Jordan reached middle-income status more than three decades ago, the country has not made the additional leap, like most developing countries in the Middle East, to become a high-income economy. In this paper, we argue that institutions, namely formal rules (constitution, judiciary, political system) as well as “personality-based” informal rules (tribalism, wasta) might explain the middle-income growth trap. More precisely, we highlight that informal institutions, as well as the distorted use of formal institutions, are a by-product of the process of state formation. They play a part in the preservation of personal/anonymous relationships between the state and society and in the persistence of the rentier system. Jordanian Spring events reveal that a demand for reforming the power structure prevails over the overthrow of the Monarchy. Finally, to assess the undergoing transition process in Jordan, we resort to the social orders conceptual framework (North et al. (2009, 2012)) with an emphasis on impersonality (Wallis (2011)). The “Arab Springs” events have put pressure on the power structure to advance the rule of law (impersonal relationships among elites), and on the Monarchy in Jordan to create a “perpetual” state.
|
[
{
"display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W828789198
|
MOROCCO: Growth strategy for 2025 in an evolving international environment
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pierre‐Richard Agénor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069072679"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karim El Aynaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056358451"
}
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
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"https://openalex.org/W2007600667",
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"https://openalex.org/W2055323649",
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"https://openalex.org/W2113964908",
"https://openalex.org/W2115836966",
"https://openalex.org/W2147020191",
"https://openalex.org/W2186575584",
"https://openalex.org/W2614042591",
"https://openalex.org/W2913935887",
"https://openalex.org/W3121159939",
"https://openalex.org/W3121263815",
"https://openalex.org/W3121303263",
"https://openalex.org/W3122046702",
"https://openalex.org/W3123247314",
"https://openalex.org/W3124174057",
"https://openalex.org/W3124349792",
"https://openalex.org/W3124879925",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W828789198
|
The Moroccan economy is currently facing the risk of becoming caught between the rapid-growing low-income countries with abundant and cheap labor, and middle-income countries that are able to innovate quickly. In addition, China’s massive investments in Sub-Saharan Africa have accelerated the participation of some countries in the region in a new international division of labor, especially in low-skill-intensive light manufacturing. In parallel, through the structure of its trade and financial relations with Europe, Morocco remains bound to a region that is facing structural difficulties and whose growth prospects remain unfavorable. At the same time, the Maghreb region has not been a source of expansion, and therefore has not become a new driving force for growth, despite Morocco’s expectations and wishes. These dynamics could lead to a «moderate growth trap,» characterized by job creation that is insufficient to absorb the expansion of the workforce, which will remain strong in Morocco for the coming years. The evolving international environment imposes a rethinking and reformulation of the growth strategy in order for Morocco to better position itself in the global value chains and prepare to compete in international markets for goods and services with high-skill-intensive labor and more sophisticated technological inputs. It is also essential in the short and medium term to recover competitive margins in low-skill-intensive activities, to continue reforming the macroeconomic management framework, and to strengthen ties with dynamic Sub-Saharan countries.
|
[
{
"display_name": "RePEc: Research Papers in Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401271",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3123652155
|
MOROCCO : Growth strategy for 2025 in an evolving international environment
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pierre‐Richard Agénor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069072679"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karim El Aynaoui",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056358451"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Position (finance)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198082294"
},
{
"display_name": "Workforce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778139618"
},
{
"display_name": "Division of labour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C994546"
},
{
"display_name": "Order (exchange)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C182306322"
},
{
"display_name": "Middle income trap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Production (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778348673"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3123652155
|
The Moroccan economy is currently facing the risk of becoming caught between the rapid-growing low-income countries with abundant and cheap labor, and middle-income countries that are able to innovate quickly. In addition, China’s massive investments in Sub-Saharan Africa have accelerated the participation of some countries in the region in a new international division of labor, especially in low-skill-intensive light manufacturing. In parallel, through the structure of its trade and financial relations with Europe, Morocco remains bound to a region that is facing structural difficulties and whose growth prospects remain unfavorable. At the same time, the Maghreb region has not been a source of expansion, and therefore has not become a new driving force for growth, despite Morocco’s expectations and wishes. These dynamics could lead to a «moderate growth trap,» characterized by job creation that is insufficient to absorb the expansion of the workforce, which will remain strong in Morocco for the coming years. The evolving international environment imposes a rethinking and reformulation of the growth strategy in order for Morocco to better position itself in the global value chains and prepare to compete in international markets for goods and services with high-skill-intensive labor and more sophisticated technological inputs. It is also essential in the short and medium term to recover competitive margins in low-skill-intensive activities, to continue reforming the macroeconomic management framework, and to strengthen ties with dynamic Sub-Saharan countries.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1490050669
|
Low Level of Innovativeness and the Middle Income Trap Polish Case Study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Poland",
"display_name": "SGH Warsaw School of Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I18193975",
"lat": 52.22977,
"long": 21.01178,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Kamil Pruchnik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072847955"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Poland",
"display_name": "Kozminski University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I111398093",
"lat": 52.27147,
"long": 21.014818,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Jerzy Toborowicz",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037787480"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Middle income trap",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777185184"
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{
"display_name": "Trap (plumbing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121099081"
},
{
"display_name": "Demographic economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Low income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018804484"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "China",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C191935318"
}
] |
[
"Israel"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1857957031",
"https://openalex.org/W1964884334",
"https://openalex.org/W2054701112",
"https://openalex.org/W2112594040",
"https://openalex.org/W2502336723",
"https://openalex.org/W3122482125",
"https://openalex.org/W4213353623",
"https://openalex.org/W4249183283"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1490050669
|
The aim of this paper was to verify whether Poland managed to avoid or still might fall into the middle income trap. The paper provides a literature overview concerning the middle income trap. Though there are diverging interpretations of the notion of middle income trap, common conclusions of economists emphasize the importance of innovation-based transformation of economies as a way of avoiding the trap. Further, the paper overviews literature concerning public policies which support this much-needed transformation. We conclude that countries such as Finland, Israel or the USA implemented well-designed top-down economic strategies, which promoted the development of innovations and established effective implementation agencies. Exceptions from this model are some resource rich countries, which managed to avoid the middle income trap without the implementation of such policies, but these countries face in most cases the danger of falling into another trap, called ‘the Dutch disease’. In a subsequent part of the article, we attempt to apply the middle income trap concept to Poland and conclude that it is not possible to clearly state whether Poland avoided the trap or not. This is followed up by a literature-based review of the most common obstacles to innovativeness in Poland. The current growth engines might not be sufficient to ensure economic growth fast enough to speed up the catching up with the most developed countries.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "CeON Repository (Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196336",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Repository of Wyższa Szkola Biznesu - National Louis University in Nowy Sącz (National-Louis University)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196693",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W131757148
|
Second generation structural reforms: De-regulation and competition in infrastructure industries; the evolution of the Turkish telecommunications, energy and transport sectors in light of EU harmonisation. CEPS Special Reports, November 2007
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sinan Ülgen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046703411"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "İzak Atiyas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070887920"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jorge Núñez Ferrer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030267788"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Selen Sarisoy Guerin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084088127"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Andrea Renda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005911663"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mahmut Tekçe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084879008"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Harmonization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779962950"
},
{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
},
{
"display_name": "European union",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868"
},
{
"display_name": "Competition (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91306197"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Corporate governance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867"
},
{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
},
{
"display_name": "Lisbon Strategy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778896325"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58823610"
},
{
"display_name": "Negotiation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199776023"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
},
{
"display_name": "Industrial organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40700"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Market economy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34447519"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Acoustics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24890656"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W131757148
|
This study is an output of the research project: “The EU harmonization in Key Infrastructure Services (Telecommunications, Energy and Transport) and productivity growth” carried out by EDAM (Centre for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies) in Istanbul and CEPS (Centre for European Policy Studies) in Brussels. It was made possible by the financial support of the European Union’s Civil Society Dialogue: Europa – Bridges of Knowledge Programme. Given that Turkey has by and large been able to overcome the challenge of macro-economic stability, the focus of policy makers shifted to second generation reforms including the overhaul of structural policies. Yet at the same time, Turkey has initiated full membership negotiations with the EU which involve regulatory harmonisation in several fields. Therefore the relationship between EU harmonisation and the need for second generation reforms in a country like Turkey should be examined in more detail. The objective of this study is essentially twofold. It aims to carry out a gap analysis regarding the level of regulatory harmonisation in three key infrastructure sectors. As a result, the main shortcomings in terms of regulatory harmonisation are highlighted. The focus is however on the part of the acquis that has a bearing on economic productivity since the second aim of the study is to uncover the linkages between EU acquis adoption, regulatory good governance and productivity growth.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2019898245
|
Decisions, Provisions and Disillusionment for Non-vocational Adult Learning (NVAL) Staff in South-Eastern Europe: a comparative appraisal of some policy developments with diminishing returns
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Greece",
"display_name": "Aristotle University of Thessaloniki",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21370196",
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"long": 22.93086,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "George K. Zarifis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058621428"
}
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C108771440"
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{
"display_name": "Legislation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777351106"
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{
"display_name": "Adult education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C44493715"
},
{
"display_name": "Vocational education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C668760"
},
{
"display_name": "European union",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868"
},
{
"display_name": "Lisbon Strategy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778896325"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Multitude",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780565519"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Social partners",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780224108"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105639569"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1976715168",
"https://openalex.org/W2018175536"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2019898245
|
Since 2000, the European Union has given greater attention to lifelong learning, as expressed in the Lisbon presidency conclusions and the general objectives of the Education and Training 2010 work programme. In September 2007, these policy proposals were further strengthened with the announcement of the ‘Action Plan on Adult Learning’ that sets out how Member States and other stakeholders could be supported to improve, implement and develop adult education and monitor its results. Because of the multitude of policy expectations, training and professional development for adult learning staff are still relatively uncommon in some parts of Europe, despite a societal demand, which also should be interpreted in the context of changing societal conditions and needs besides raising the quality of lifelong learning. This is largely echoed in South-East Europe where the situation of the training of adult learning staff is more on the downside than most policy-makers would have expected. In most South-East European countries, adult learning is expected to provide individual, cultural, and social improvement, to address illiteracy or earlier unsatisfactory access to initial education, and mostly to respond to labour market access problems. At the same time, adult learning staff have to face obstacles such as dependency on government or EU funding, changing political perspectives on and interest in adult education, policies prescribing an enclosed employment-oriented adult education market and occasionally a lack of national legislation or frameworks and structures covering their field. Along with these general findings, this article focuses on the comparison of current policies on training and professional development of adult learning staff in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece and Turkey, according to three vital topics: • Selection procedure and working conditions of adult learning staff (focusing on recruitment, professional expectations and employment situation). • Opportunities and obstacles for their professional development and evaluation (focusing on career paths and monitoring, assessing and evaluating issues). • Societal situation for the profession (focusing on attractiveness and social impact).
|
[
{
"display_name": "European Journal of Education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S71191459",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2782489209
|
THE IMPORTANCE OF LIFELONG LEARNING FOR TURKEY AND EU RELATIONSHIP IN THE GLOBAL AND CHANGING WORLD
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sahire Dogru",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063084945"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Lifelong learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108771440"
},
{
"display_name": "Employability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15302153"
},
{
"display_name": "European union",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Lisbon Strategy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778896325"
},
{
"display_name": "Adaptability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C177606310"
},
{
"display_name": "Adaptation (eye)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139807058"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Citizenship",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376"
},
{
"display_name": "Process (computing)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98045186"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Social exclusion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134659438"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic policy",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Neuroscience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Operating system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111919701"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2782489209
|
The relationships between Turkey and European Union has a longer process of crucial discussion to become a member of European Union for Turkey over two decades. There is not enough and satisfied improvement of progress during years. However, Turkey’s hope to entering the EU has not been ended with help of globalizing networks of communication tools, social media, technologic improvements that helps lifelong learning. Turkey needs a lots projects for the EU Acquis throughout the adaptation process to represent Turkey’s performance. Also, social awareness and adaptation is required by Turkish citizenship towards full membership of EU. Lifelong learning, technology and social media has substantial contribution to develop projects concerned with the public and civil society for introducing EU to more masses in Turkey, increasing efficiency of project and allowing better understanding and awareness of EU progress and objectives.This paper emphasizes that the importance of lifelong learning programs, projects and initiatives for Turkey to attend the EU. Because lifelong learning provide achievement in field like personal fulfillment, active citizenship, social inclusion, employability and adaptability.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational and Social Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387278848",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4249416948
|
Fahad al-Asker
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Graeme Martin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079208561"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Poetry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C164913051"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Pilgrimage",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779448473"
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{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Kuwait",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Egypt",
"Iraq"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4249416948
|
Fahad bin Saleh bin Mohammed bin Abdullah bin Ali al-Asker was born in the small town of Kuwait between 1913 and 1917. Attending the first modern school in Kuwait, Mubarakiyya, he was drawn to traditional Arabic literature. In late childhood he became renowned for reciting and writing poetry, learning much from the literary magazines and periodicals in the Ibn Ruwaih Library, the first such book collection opened in Kuwait. Fahad al-Asker became a renowned poet after winning a BBC poetry contest in 1944; he won multiple poetry awards and traveled the region reciting his most famous works to different kings and princes of the Arabian Peninsula, including the King of Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Abdul Aziz al Saud. Al-Asker is known for his existentialist poems, pain and romance, and his stance against conservativism and traditional Kuwaiti society, which was divided by the perception of deeply anchored religious, familial, socioeconomic, and tribal identities. Al-Asker’s poetry has three intertwining threads: wine, woman, and complaint. His advocation of independent, free thought has often been used as a signal for resistance or rebellion against the status quo through “self-emancipation” and a willingness to pay any price. Al-Asker, along with other poets of this era, was heavily influenced by the neo-romanticist movement in Egypt and Iraq. These influences made for a distinct style of poetry that engaged with and was critical of contemporary events, experimented with symbolism, and had a more simplified metric than the earlier work of classical Kuwaiti poets such as Abdullah Farah and Abdallah al-Adsani, which were more complex and stuck to limited themes. Unfortunately, al-Asker’s last days were blighted by problems, as he became blind and was disowned from his family for calling for a more open and tolerant society in Kuwait, his friendship with the British consular, his erotic poems, and his drinking habits. He died 15 August 1951 of tuberculosis and was buried in a nondescript grave. After his death, his family burned most of his written poems. Only a few dozen poems have survived, although pieces of his work, including a biography written by Abdullah al-Ansari in 1956, have inspired a wide variety of lyrical prose in Kuwaiti songs and indirect references from later poets and authors. Al-Asker remains unique and set apart from more traditional or patriotic poets for his willingness to pay any price, regardless of consequences, to share his thoughts and words. Al-Asker is considered to be one of the pioneers of the Kuwaiti poetry movement, and he also holds an important place in the development of education in Kuwait. Before al-Asker and his friends began writing and reciting poetry, there were no literary groups, journals, clubs, or libraries. By the 1930s, all of these developments had occurred and set the stage for later poets, such as Ahmad al-Adwani, who characterized the awakening of Arab nationalism. While the reach of al-Asker’s work has only briefly touched wider academic circles, the poet has influenced a range of poets and literary figures in Kuwait’s past and present, including Ahmad al-Adsani and more recently Mona Kareem. Al-Asker’s poems, which focus broadly on feeling alone or lacking belongingness, which in turn causes great suffering, have also become politicized, most notably by stateless people (bedoon) in Kuwait.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W226829687
|
The Emancipation of Airpower
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Robert Jacek Tomczak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031101698"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
}
] |
[
"Kuwait",
"Iraq"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1539865654",
"https://openalex.org/W1567260533",
"https://openalex.org/W2009770111",
"https://openalex.org/W2933634313"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W226829687
|
Abstract : On 17 January 1991, air forces led by the United States banded together to extract the army of Iraq from the Emirate of Kuwait. This air campaign would be the decisive element of the Persian Gulf War and would be the most significant campaign in the history of airpower. The title of this paper is taken from a chapter in Major Alexander De Seversky's book on the use of airpower; Victory through Airpower, published in 1942. This paper analyzes early theories on the use of airpower; how airpower was misused; and how airpower evolved since World War II. For the first ninety years of powered flight, the promises and expectations for the employment of airpower as a military weapon exceeded its capabilities. Analysis is conducted as to what made the Persian Gulf Air Campaign different from the previous uses of airpower. Observations are made that airpower was at last employed as early air power theorists promised.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2494123631
|
End of Empire: Islam, Nationalism and Women in Turkey
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Deniz Kandiyoti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017527362"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Nationalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521449643"
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{
"display_name": "Ottoman empire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2993946455"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "The Republic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C152212766"
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{
"display_name": "Dismemberment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909821917"
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{
"display_name": "Empire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778495208"
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{
"display_name": "Turkish republic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2992216677"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W37096553",
"https://openalex.org/W622265585",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2494123631
|
It is commonly conceded that among Muslim nations Turkey distinguishes herself by comprehensive, and as yet unparalleled, reforms with respect to the emancipation of women. These reforms, initiated by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder of the Turkish Republic, were part of a spate of legislation which amounted to a radical break with Ottoman Islam and its institutions. World War I had resulted in the dismemberment of the defeated empire and the occupation of the Anatolian provinces by the Allied powers. The active hostility of the last Ottoman Sultan-Caliph to Kemal’s nationalist struggle in Anatolia, and his collaboration with the Allies, culminated in the abolition of the Sultanate by the Ankara government in 1922. The Turkish Republic was proclaimed on 29 October 1923. A few days earlier, on 24 October, the Istanbul head of police had taken an administrative decision desegregating public transport, so that men and women would no longer be separated by curtains or special compartments. Thereafter, a systematic onslaught on Ottoman institutions took place.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463716",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3125119633
|
Islamic Rule and the Emancipation of the Poor and Pious
|
[
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{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "Stockholm School of Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I180242103",
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"display_name": "Erik Meyersson",
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Murat İyigün",
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"display_name": "Asim Khwaja",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026694522"
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"display_name": "Gülay Özcan",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alp Şimşek",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001458113"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4445939"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3125119633
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Does Islamic political control affect women’s empowerment? Several countries have recently experienced Islamic parties coming to power through democratic elections. Due to strong support among religious conservatives, constituencies with Islamic rule often tend to exhibit poor women’s rights. Whether this relationship reflects a causal or a spurious one has so far gone unexplored. I provide the first piece of evidence using a new and unique dataset of Turkish municipalities. In 1994, an Islamic party won multiple municipal mayor seats across the country. Using a regression discontinuity (RD) design, I compare municipalities where this Islamic party barely won or lost elections. Despite negative raw correlations, the RD results reveal that over a period of six years, Islamic rule increased female secular high school education. Corresponding effects for men are systematically smaller and less precise. In the longer run, the effect on female education remained persistent up to 17 years after and also reduced adolescent marriages. An analysis of long-run political effects of Islamic rule shows increased female political participation and an overall decrease in Islamic political preferences. The results are consistent with an explanation that emphasizes the Islamic party’s effectiveness in overcoming barriers to female entry for the poor and pious. ∗Address: Stockholm Institute for Transition Economics (SITE), Stockholm School of Economics, P.O. Box 6501, SE-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden. Email: erik.meyersson@hhs.se. Website: www.erikmeyersson.com. I am particularly indebted to my advisers Torsten Persson and David Stromberg for their support. In addition, I am grateful to Daron Acemoglu, Philippe Aghion, Yesim Arat, Sascha Becker, Olle Folke, Guido Imbens, Murat Iyigun, Asim Khwaja, Gulay Ozcan, Alp Simsek, Insan Tunali, several anonymous referees; conference and seminar participants at CEPR, Duke, Georgetown, Harvard, IIES, Koc, LSE, MIT, NBER, Sciences-Po, UC-Berkeley, UPF, and Warwick for useful comments. The author has benefited much from discussions with several Turkish academics, former government employees, politicians, and teachers who have asked to remain anonymous. The assistance of the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Swedish Research Institute in Istanbul is gratefully acknowledged. All remaining errors are mine. The views, analysis, and conclusions in this paper are solely the responsibility of the author.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2105493958
|
Women's Condition in Turkey
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Poland",
"display_name": "University of Warsaw",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4654613",
"lat": 52.22977,
"long": 21.01178,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Beata Buc",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042040143"
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[
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "European union",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2910001868"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Middle East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3651065"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "International trade",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155202549"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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[
"Turkey"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1996365347",
"https://openalex.org/W2001106087",
"https://openalex.org/W2055092569"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2105493958
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Turkey, which is in the process of the membership talks with European Union, is a different country than ten or even five years before. It’s commonly known that among Muslim nations, Turkey distinguishes herself by comprehensive reforms with respect to the emancipation of women. But the women’s life in Turkey still differs from the western women’s live. This is particularly so for those Turkish women who live in the provinces located in the South East, East and Central Anatolia.
|
[
{
"display_name": "TOPLUM VE DEMOKRASİ DERGİSİ",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306533055",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2597100361
|
George Canning, Russia and the emancipation of Greece
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "В. Н. Виноградов",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072824803"
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[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Negotiation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199776023"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
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{
"display_name": "George (robot)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C67101536"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Resistance (ecology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C57473165"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Art history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2597100361
|
The article contains a critical analysis of the position of both the Russian and British diplomacies on the emancipation of Greece in the years 1822-1827. The study of Russian diplomatic documents leads to the conclusion that by 1825 Petersburg became convinced that only by means of a Russo-Turkish war the Porte could be induced to recognise the emancipation of Greece. Many efforts have been made to overcome the resistance of Great Britain to this issue. The article deals with different aspects of the Russo-British negotiations concerning the fate of Greece.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Balkan studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764982570",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2310669037
|
Η πανελλήνιος οργάνωση: Η "άγνωστη" φάση του Ελληνικού επαναστατικού αγώνα στην ευρωπαϊκή Τουρκία, 1908-1909
|
[
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"display_name": "Χριστόφορος Ψηλός",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076256262"
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[
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"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Ministry of Foreign Affairs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780799905"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Period (music)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781291010"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
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{
"display_name": "Aesthetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107038049"
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[
"Turkey"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2310669037
|
Hellenic underground revolutionary activity in European Turkey, after thesuccessful Young Turk coup in Macedonia in July 1908, has not become theobject of any systematic historical research so far, with the notableexception of Professor Gounaris’ study (1984). The present article shallattempt to fill in that void. Outlining the organizational structure, functionand activity of the Πανελλήνιος ’Οργάνωση (Panhellenic Organization,Π.Ο.), the basic Greek revolutionary apparatus which had been active fromsummer 1908 to autumn 1909 in Turkey-in-Europe, has been neither thechief nor the sole intent of the article. The main purpose of this study is tofocus and elaborate on colonel Danglis’ (head of the Π.Ο.) operational planfor the solidification, development and advancement of the Organization.Colonel Danglis had embraced the belief that the implementation of theΠ.Ο. program depended upon its integration into Greek state machinery,and particularly the Foreign Office. The military leader of the Π.Ο. arguedthat the Π.Ο. should initially built an effective revolutionary network inOttoman territory. After a reasonable period of time the Π.Ο. could evolveinto a powerful tool that would undertake to promote the economicinterests and political emancipation of the Greek populations living underOttoman rule.This study was based on manuscript archival sources, drawn mainly fromthe Historical Archive of the Hellenic Ministry of Foreign Affairs, andselected secondary sources.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Δελτίο Κέντρου Μικρασιατικών Σπουδών",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210202930",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4389738244
|
Millî Mücadele’de Siyasi Teşkilatlanmanın Sivil Toplum Veçhesi: Trabzon Muhafaza-i Hukuk-ı Milliye Cemiyeti’nin (Trabzon Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti) Toplumsal Tabanı
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ülkü Köksal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093492504"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gentry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779981229"
},
{
"display_name": "Aristocracy (class)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10314817"
},
{
"display_name": "Peasant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779220025"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "Bureaucracy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C51575053"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Caliphate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779595473"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4389738244
|
Trabzon, which has been an important center for commercial activities throughout history, maintained this feature during the Ottoman Empire. As the state evolved into a bureaucratic structure and society modernized after the Tanzimat, the Muslim and non-Muslim gentry in Trabzon also took their place within this new structure. In terms of their roots, the Muslim-Turkish gentry mostly belonged to the ayan families, known as aghas in the region. The families of ayan origin, whose influence is still felt today, and other social groups within the Muslim-Turkish groups, who had gained economic power in various ways, formed a rising merchant class over time. While the extent to which this group competed with the non-Muslim or local bourgeoisie is beyond the scope of this study, the aforementioned caste made itself felt in the city from commerce to bureaucracy, from political activities to social and cultural life, and reached a level to lead the society, especially after the Second Constitutional Period. In this process, the notables of Trabzon, who were basically divided into two groups as supporters of the Committee of Union and Progress and the Freedom and Union Party, continued to be the pioneers of the Muslim groups upon their return after the end of the Russian occupation. After the signing of the Armistice of Mudros on October 30, 1918, the people of Trabzon, who were struggling to heal the wounds of the years of occupation and emigration between 1916 and 1918, took action to form a national defense organization to fight against the possibility of re-invasion of their region and the danger of breaking away from the Ottoman Empire. This organization was led by Trabzon’s Muslim-Turkish bourgeoisie. The organizational efforts initiated by this group from the end of 1918, leaving aside the political strife, gained momentum due to the internal and external separatist activities carried out at the Paris Peace Conference for the establishment of a Pontus State and an Armenian State in the region, and culminated in the establishment of the Trabzon Society for the Protection of Law of Nationality (Trabzon Muhafaza-i Hukuk-ı Millîye Cemiyeti) in February 1919. The oppositional approach of the society, which led to the convening of the Erzurum Congress, reached a different dimension as of the beginning of 1922 with the accusations of Unionism and irregularities against the society. Between 1919 and 1923, the administrative level of Trabzon Society for the Protection of Law of Nationality (Trabzon Mudafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti) underwent remarkable changes within the framework of the existing political conditions. When we look at the characteristics of the founding or executive members of the Society between 1919 and 1923, it is seen that they belonged to the well-established families of the ayan, dynasty and notables of Trabzon; some of these members, some of whom were Unionists and some of whom were The Entente Liberale, were in a broad spectrum such as former MPs, civil administrators, jurists, intellectuals, clergymen and educators, especially the merchant segment. With these characteristics, the members of the administration, who were in a pioneering position in addressing the society, maintained this status both during the National Struggle and after the Proclamation of the Republic. In the following years, they showed themselves as pioneering figures who shaped the political and social-cultural life of Trabzon.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4321486182
|
Antisemitism in Context: Three Recent Volumes
|
[
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[
{
"display_name": "Antisemitism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78359825"
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"display_name": "Jewish question",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778681481"
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"display_name": "Nationalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521449643"
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{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
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{
"display_name": "Anti-Zionism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108812129"
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{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
},
{
"display_name": "Orientalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C510816226"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Liberalism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C547727832"
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{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
"display_name": "Jewish studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74481535"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4321486182
|
Abstract This chapter reviews three collections of essays on the history of antisemitism. The 19 essays in Antisemitism: Historical Concept, Public Discourse (2020) were written as responses to David Engel’s article of 2009, “Away from a Definition of Antisemitism: An Essay in the Semantics of Historical Description.” In it, Engel recapitulates his lingering frustration with the unclear nature of the term “antisemitism.” Meanwhile, the 17 essays in Jews, Liberalism, Antisemitism: A Global History (2021) deal with the complex links among Jews, antisemites, and liberals, not only in Italy, Spain, and Vienna, but also in the United States, Turkey, the Middle East, and even the Caribbean. In Key Concepts in the Study of Antisemitism (2021)—an alphabetical compendium beginning with anti-Judaism and ending with Zionism—the essays discuss emancipation, the Catholic church, nationalism, gender, orientalism, and postcolonialism.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oxford University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463708",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4205709325
|
Bibliography
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Intelligentsia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776129495"
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{
"display_name": "Marxist philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C133437341"
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{
"display_name": "Ideology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158071213"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
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{
"display_name": "Jewish question",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778681481"
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{
"display_name": "German",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154775046"
},
{
"display_name": "Zionism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58041660"
},
{
"display_name": "Modernity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778682666"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
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{
"display_name": "Classics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74916050"
},
{
"display_name": "Literature",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124952713"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "Art history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52119013"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Art",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142362112"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Epistemology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111472728"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4205709325
|
In The Jewish Question: History of a Marxist Debate, Enzo Traverso explores the causes and the forms of the encounter that took place, from the middle of the nineteenth century to the Holocaust, between the intelligentsia of a cosmopolitan minority and the most radical ideological current of Western modernity. From Karl Marx to the Frankfurt School, the 'Jewish Question' — to a set of problems related to emancipation and anti-Semitism, cultural assimilation and Zionism — raised significant controversies within Marxist theory. Enzo Traverso carefully reconstructs this intellectual debate that runs over more than a century, pointing out both its achievements and its blind alleys. This is the second edition, completely rewritten and updated, of a book already translated into many languages (originally published in French, then translated into English, German, Spanish, Japanese, and Turkish).
|
[
{
"display_name": "BRILL eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306462964",
"type": "ebook platform"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3135197887
|
Чорномор’я та Балкани на сторінках «Вестника Европы» (1912 – 1913)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Olena Kozak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060936327"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "N. I. Samoilenko",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065656209"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Geopolitics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201960208"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Rivalry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779602485"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "State (computer science)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48103436"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6303427"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Algorithm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C11413529"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3135197887
|
The article analyzes the experience of identification and comprehension of the region of the Balkans and the Black Sea region on the pages of the Russian moderately liberal journal « Vestnik Yevropy « of the forbearance and the period of the Balkan wars of 1912-1913. Analysis of the coverage of the formation of this distinctive political and economic space on its pages is of interest in terms of elucidation of the factors of regionalization of economic, political, cultural and ideological processes in crisis conditions. The author comes to the following conclusions.
The construct «The Balkans - the Black Sea region» on the pages of the periodicals during 1912-1913 was different from his understanding in geography and geopolitics. The main factors influencing his comprehension, besides the exclusive economic and political significance, were the rivalry of the great powers for the «Turkish heritage», the Italian-Turkish war (1911-1912), the threat of the war in the Balkans and the Balkan wars (1912-1913), the crisis of the Ottoman Empire, the emancipation of the peoples subordinate to it. The region represents as part of the geopolitical space, where the interests of virtually all major European powers have been interspersed, and as a permanent source of danger for the entire continent. The geographic image of this part of Europe consisted exclusively of military acts of the Certificate on it, recorded on the pages of the periodicals, undoubtedly had its own specificity in comparison with the rest (diplomatic correspondence, documents of state institutions, memoirs and other kinds of historical sources), and despite fragmentation were diverse. The assessment of events and processes in the region on the pages of the magazine did not always correspond to the official position of the Russian government and was built on many factors: political, multilingual and multicultural components, diversity of social composition. By exposing the Russian public to the true state of affairs, the magazine was far from idealizing European diplomacy, which used the small peoples as an instrument for affirming their own interests. During the reproduction of the image of the Balkans and the Black Sea region on the pages of the journal to attract correspondents’ observations, press reviews were supplemented by time reminders of the religious and ethnic community of the Slav peoples. However, understanding Slavic identity did not act as a leading theme. Numerous facts and processes in the life of the region that thoroughly studied the publication subsequently became the basis for scientific analysis and included in textbooks on the history of the Western and Southern Slavs.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Zaporizhzhia Historical Review",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306535492",
"type": "journal"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W2034783822
|
Emancipation, sickness, and death in the American Civil War
|
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"display_name": "Jim Downs",
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"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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[
"Turkey"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W633510191",
"https://openalex.org/W1574553375",
"https://openalex.org/W2617514313"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2034783822
|
The American Civil War has often been described as the “bloodiest war” in US history, with the death of about 700 000 soldiers between 1861 and 1865. Unfolding alongside of this tragic story has been the more triumphant account of the war as the victorious ending of the institution of slavery and the freeing of the slaves. Although the war certainly succeeded in dismantling plantation slavery, more than a million former slaves became sick and tens of thousands died during this bloody war. These events have often been overlooked, and instead a narrative has developed about emancipation that emphasises how the war led to economic opportunities, education, and political suffrage for freedpeople in the postwar period between 1865 and 1877. Yet between 1862 and 1865, freed slaves entered into environments marked by conflict, in which more soldiers died from camp diseases—pneumonia, typhus, and dysentery—than from battle. As a result, when the institution of slavery crumbled, countless numbers of former slaves also lost their lives.Although yellow fever, typhoid fever, and smallpox certainly existed in the American South before the conflict, the Civil War, like many other wars during the 19th century, including the Crimean War, Cuba's revolt against Spain in 1895–98, and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, gave rise to explosive outbreaks of disease and inordinate mortality and suffering. Emancipation liberated bondspeople from slavery, but they often lacked clean clothing, adequate shelter, proper food, and access to medical care in their escape towards Union lines. Many freed slaves died once they secured refuge behind Union camps.In an era before germ theory, outbreaks of dysentery, typhoid fever, smallpox, yellow fever, and cholera plagued the Civil War South. The high rates of illness and mortality during the war resulted from a range of factors, including the unsanitary conditions of army camps, polluted waterways, unburied bodies of animals and soldiers, overcrowded populations, dislocation, and the medical profession's uncertainty about how to respond to the many outbreaks of disease. During the Civil War, a group of women reformers established the US Sanitary Commission, which was modelled after the British Sanitary Commission from the Crimean War. While these reformers earnestly attempted to prevent the further spread of disease by preaching a gospel of cleanliness, their efforts proved ineffective in response to the smallpox and cholera epidemics that broke out during the war. Even when they managed to whitewash camps with lime and quarantine infected patients to isolated quarters, the huge dislocations of former slaves and the migrations of soldiers that the war produced excacerbated the spread of disease. Disease and sickness had a more devastating and fatal effect for emancipated slaves than for white soldiers, since they often lacked the basic necessities to survive. In Camp Nelson, Kentucky in 1864, for example, hundreds of freed slaves died of malnutrition and exposure to the elements, whereas white soldiers stationed in the same camps did not suffer in this way.Throughout the Civil War and reconstruction, many freed slaves became sick and died due to the unexpected problems caused by the exigencies of war and the massive dislocation triggered by emancipation. The destruction of slavery and the gradual erosion of the plantation economy, compounded by the federal government's initial ambivalence and often ambiguous plans for rebuilding the South, left former slaves without an institutional structure to help them survive. The ending of slavery led to the abrupt dismantling of antebellum systems of medical care—both those organised by enslaved people and by individual slaveholders on local plantations—and it exhausted the networks of support provided by municipal almshouses and state hospitals. Enslaved people had also developed certain remedies while living under slavery, but the war displaced them from the vegetable gardens and other resources that they relied on to create such remedies. On certain large plantations, slaveholders hired doctors or established sick houses for enslaved people during the antebellum period, but once the war began, former slaveholders argued that it was no longer their responsibility to provide medical assistance to formerly enslaved people and claimed that it was the responsibility of the federal government to provide aid since they were responsible for emancipation. Meanwhile, federal officials believed that it was the responsibility of city and state governments to step in and provide aid for the poor and dispossessed since they had provided such assistance for poor white people since the early 19th century. Local and state governments, however, claimed that they were beleaguered and maintained that the number of white Southerners in need of clothing, food, and medicine had drained their meagre budgets.This confusion created an institutional vacuum that left ex-slaves defenceless against disease outbreaks, and their situation was further exacerbated by freedpeople's nebulous political and economic status. Emancipated slaves did not have a clear political status during and after the war. While the ratification of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution in 1868 granted former enslaved people the right to be recognised as citizens and the ratification of the 15th Amendment enabled freedmen to vote in 1870, it took a great deal of time for these transformations to take shape. Within the context of political history, 1862 to 1870 represents a short timeframe, but 8 years is a rather long time to struggle with inadequate food, clothing, shelter, and medical care. As a result, according to federal records, more than a million slaves requested medical assistance between 1865 and 1869. Yet this number only reflects the number of freed slaves that federal officials encountered, many more, who lived in rural regions, remain uncounted and not part of the government's tabulation. Further, there was no protocol that recorded the number of slaves who became sick and died when the war first began.When military officials eventually encountered the high mortality among the newly freed population, they soon realised that they needed plots of land to bury the freedpeople who died during and after the war. As military physicians began to alert federal officials of the need for burial grounds, the government commanded military doctors to work out arrangements with local governments for proper burial grounds. Local authorities, in turn, often rejected such requests, opposing the mere suggestion that freedpeople be buried near the same lot used for white Southern residents. In Raleigh, North Carolina, for instance, sparks flew when municipal officials informed military agents in April, 1866, that “the cemetery is a resting for those remains of Union soldiers and not an indiscriminate burying ground for freedmen”. Military officials responded by asking for an appropriate place to bury the freedpeople, but municipal authorities failed to provide an adequate solution, yet continued to complain that the bodies should be removed. Debates about where to bury freedpeople reignited the issue of who was in charge of reconstruction in the South: the federal government or local authorities.On an emotional level, the turmoil of not being able to properly bury loved ones must have been unbearable for former slaves. Joseph Miller's son froze to death on his journey from a Union camp to a boarding house in Kentucky in 1864. With nowhere to bury his 7-year-old son, Joseph carried him 5 miles back to the Union camp and buried him in an unmarked grave. On a public health level, the need for cemeteries for freedpeople who died from illness created dangerous health problems. In April, 1865, in Charleston, South Carolina, many freedpeople became infected with typhoid fever and were left to die in isolation without any proper burial. As a city official in Charleston, South Carolina explained, “The health of this institution and the city requires that dead bodies by typhoid fever should be removed with as little delay as possible.”But removing bodies proved to be a difficult task without sanctioned areas for burial. Transporting the bodies of freedpeople to remote locations in the countryside was considered, but this would require labour, funds, and, most of all, a designated area to bury the bodies. In many parts of the South, the failure of the federal and local governments to systematically create cemeteries made the removal of the dead a difficult task to accomplish. A freedwoman in southern Illinois in 1864 pleaded with military officials to bury her son. She had already witnessed how the bodies of other formerly enslaved children had been left exposed on a nearby dock where wharf rats had gnawed on their remains. She feared a similar fate would befall her son and begged the Captain in charge of the camp to ensure that her son would be buried. He simply responded by claiming that his own soldiers lacked a proper burial. This encounter was not unusual: the Civil War landscape was marked by the unburied bodies of many people—both black and white.The death of freed slaves in the American Civil War reveals how the struggle to survive unfolded not only on the battlefields during military engagement but also among civilians in military camps, on abandoned plantations, and in other places that promised liberation. Without access to food, clothing, medical care, and even a place to bury their loved ones, the promise of freedom could not be realised for many people. Furthermore, within American history, historians often narrate suffering and death as unexpected sacrifices that result from war or from other major transformations. Yet, the medical crises that freed slaves endured suggest that sickness and death may not have been the unavoidable consequences of war, but the very price of freedom. The American Civil War has often been described as the “bloodiest war” in US history, with the death of about 700 000 soldiers between 1861 and 1865. Unfolding alongside of this tragic story has been the more triumphant account of the war as the victorious ending of the institution of slavery and the freeing of the slaves. Although the war certainly succeeded in dismantling plantation slavery, more than a million former slaves became sick and tens of thousands died during this bloody war. These events have often been overlooked, and instead a narrative has developed about emancipation that emphasises how the war led to economic opportunities, education, and political suffrage for freedpeople in the postwar period between 1865 and 1877. Yet between 1862 and 1865, freed slaves entered into environments marked by conflict, in which more soldiers died from camp diseases—pneumonia, typhus, and dysentery—than from battle. As a result, when the institution of slavery crumbled, countless numbers of former slaves also lost their lives. Although yellow fever, typhoid fever, and smallpox certainly existed in the American South before the conflict, the Civil War, like many other wars during the 19th century, including the Crimean War, Cuba's revolt against Spain in 1895–98, and the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, gave rise to explosive outbreaks of disease and inordinate mortality and suffering. Emancipation liberated bondspeople from slavery, but they often lacked clean clothing, adequate shelter, proper food, and access to medical care in their escape towards Union lines. Many freed slaves died once they secured refuge behind Union camps. In an era before germ theory, outbreaks of dysentery, typhoid fever, smallpox, yellow fever, and cholera plagued the Civil War South. The high rates of illness and mortality during the war resulted from a range of factors, including the unsanitary conditions of army camps, polluted waterways, unburied bodies of animals and soldiers, overcrowded populations, dislocation, and the medical profession's uncertainty about how to respond to the many outbreaks of disease. During the Civil War, a group of women reformers established the US Sanitary Commission, which was modelled after the British Sanitary Commission from the Crimean War. While these reformers earnestly attempted to prevent the further spread of disease by preaching a gospel of cleanliness, their efforts proved ineffective in response to the smallpox and cholera epidemics that broke out during the war. Even when they managed to whitewash camps with lime and quarantine infected patients to isolated quarters, the huge dislocations of former slaves and the migrations of soldiers that the war produced excacerbated the spread of disease. Disease and sickness had a more devastating and fatal effect for emancipated slaves than for white soldiers, since they often lacked the basic necessities to survive. In Camp Nelson, Kentucky in 1864, for example, hundreds of freed slaves died of malnutrition and exposure to the elements, whereas white soldiers stationed in the same camps did not suffer in this way. Throughout the Civil War and reconstruction, many freed slaves became sick and died due to the unexpected problems caused by the exigencies of war and the massive dislocation triggered by emancipation. The destruction of slavery and the gradual erosion of the plantation economy, compounded by the federal government's initial ambivalence and often ambiguous plans for rebuilding the South, left former slaves without an institutional structure to help them survive. The ending of slavery led to the abrupt dismantling of antebellum systems of medical care—both those organised by enslaved people and by individual slaveholders on local plantations—and it exhausted the networks of support provided by municipal almshouses and state hospitals. Enslaved people had also developed certain remedies while living under slavery, but the war displaced them from the vegetable gardens and other resources that they relied on to create such remedies. On certain large plantations, slaveholders hired doctors or established sick houses for enslaved people during the antebellum period, but once the war began, former slaveholders argued that it was no longer their responsibility to provide medical assistance to formerly enslaved people and claimed that it was the responsibility of the federal government to provide aid since they were responsible for emancipation. Meanwhile, federal officials believed that it was the responsibility of city and state governments to step in and provide aid for the poor and dispossessed since they had provided such assistance for poor white people since the early 19th century. Local and state governments, however, claimed that they were beleaguered and maintained that the number of white Southerners in need of clothing, food, and medicine had drained their meagre budgets. This confusion created an institutional vacuum that left ex-slaves defenceless against disease outbreaks, and their situation was further exacerbated by freedpeople's nebulous political and economic status. Emancipated slaves did not have a clear political status during and after the war. While the ratification of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution in 1868 granted former enslaved people the right to be recognised as citizens and the ratification of the 15th Amendment enabled freedmen to vote in 1870, it took a great deal of time for these transformations to take shape. Within the context of political history, 1862 to 1870 represents a short timeframe, but 8 years is a rather long time to struggle with inadequate food, clothing, shelter, and medical care. As a result, according to federal records, more than a million slaves requested medical assistance between 1865 and 1869. Yet this number only reflects the number of freed slaves that federal officials encountered, many more, who lived in rural regions, remain uncounted and not part of the government's tabulation. Further, there was no protocol that recorded the number of slaves who became sick and died when the war first began. When military officials eventually encountered the high mortality among the newly freed population, they soon realised that they needed plots of land to bury the freedpeople who died during and after the war. As military physicians began to alert federal officials of the need for burial grounds, the government commanded military doctors to work out arrangements with local governments for proper burial grounds. Local authorities, in turn, often rejected such requests, opposing the mere suggestion that freedpeople be buried near the same lot used for white Southern residents. In Raleigh, North Carolina, for instance, sparks flew when municipal officials informed military agents in April, 1866, that “the cemetery is a resting for those remains of Union soldiers and not an indiscriminate burying ground for freedmen”. Military officials responded by asking for an appropriate place to bury the freedpeople, but municipal authorities failed to provide an adequate solution, yet continued to complain that the bodies should be removed. Debates about where to bury freedpeople reignited the issue of who was in charge of reconstruction in the South: the federal government or local authorities. On an emotional level, the turmoil of not being able to properly bury loved ones must have been unbearable for former slaves. Joseph Miller's son froze to death on his journey from a Union camp to a boarding house in Kentucky in 1864. With nowhere to bury his 7-year-old son, Joseph carried him 5 miles back to the Union camp and buried him in an unmarked grave. On a public health level, the need for cemeteries for freedpeople who died from illness created dangerous health problems. In April, 1865, in Charleston, South Carolina, many freedpeople became infected with typhoid fever and were left to die in isolation without any proper burial. As a city official in Charleston, South Carolina explained, “The health of this institution and the city requires that dead bodies by typhoid fever should be removed with as little delay as possible.” But removing bodies proved to be a difficult task without sanctioned areas for burial. Transporting the bodies of freedpeople to remote locations in the countryside was considered, but this would require labour, funds, and, most of all, a designated area to bury the bodies. In many parts of the South, the failure of the federal and local governments to systematically create cemeteries made the removal of the dead a difficult task to accomplish. A freedwoman in southern Illinois in 1864 pleaded with military officials to bury her son. She had already witnessed how the bodies of other formerly enslaved children had been left exposed on a nearby dock where wharf rats had gnawed on their remains. She feared a similar fate would befall her son and begged the Captain in charge of the camp to ensure that her son would be buried. He simply responded by claiming that his own soldiers lacked a proper burial. This encounter was not unusual: the Civil War landscape was marked by the unburied bodies of many people—both black and white. The death of freed slaves in the American Civil War reveals how the struggle to survive unfolded not only on the battlefields during military engagement but also among civilians in military camps, on abandoned plantations, and in other places that promised liberation. Without access to food, clothing, medical care, and even a place to bury their loved ones, the promise of freedom could not be realised for many people. Furthermore, within American history, historians often narrate suffering and death as unexpected sacrifices that result from war or from other major transformations. Yet, the medical crises that freed slaves endured suggest that sickness and death may not have been the unavoidable consequences of war, but the very price of freedom.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2760983208
|
Serbian cemeteries and changes in the area of Belgrade
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bojana Miljkovic-Katic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011228433"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Relocation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779019381"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Independence (probability theory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C35651441"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Piety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778897741"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2549261"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2760983208
|
Forming of the New Cemetery at the end of 1820s at the far outskirts of Belgrade, next to the Tašmajdan quarry, was part of a policy of space conquest at several levels: political - by emancipation from the Turkish political authority; cultural - by restoring the concept of positioning the cemetery next to the church; urban - by expanding the city territory to the cemetery and organizing urban space by forming of streets and residential buildings; communal - by routing and infrastructural development of roads and open market places; economic - by constructing bazaars and new business centres. Such a transformation of the area around the cemetery enriched the contents and functions of this part of the town, although it remained less attractive than neighbouring Vračar, until the Principality of Serbia acquired independence. By changing the cultural patterns of Belgrade's middle class, the culture surrounding death also changed during the 19th century, along with the attitude towards cemeteries and its functions. After the closure of the Large Cemetery, the area was leveled and used for formation of new streets, without transferring the graves or remains of the deceased to an ossuary or to the New Cemetery. The New Cemetery, in turn, was neglected, unmaintained, had no fence nor guards and was often desecrated. However, when cultural norms changed in the second half of the 19th century, such an appearance of cemetery became inappropriate, requiring better maintenance or relocation to the outskirts. This time, remains of the deceased family members were either transferred with piety or new ossuaries were formed.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Kultura",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210196114",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1599237863
|
볼테르의 반유대주의와 대혁명기 유대인 해방
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "장세룡",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018106341"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Fanaticism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781017023"
},
{
"display_name": "Judaism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150152722"
},
{
"display_name": "Superstition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776858443"
},
{
"display_name": "Enlightenment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780326160"
},
{
"display_name": "Emancipation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781153986"
},
{
"display_name": "Religious studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C24667770"
},
{
"display_name": "Civilization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C122302079"
},
{
"display_name": "Persecution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C537575062"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1599237863
|
We can notice a discrepancy between thesis of the universal tolerance in 『Traite sur la tolelance』(1763) and critics to judaism in 『Lettres philosophique』(1733) or 『Dictionnaire philosophique』(1764) of Voltaire. In 20th Century Arthur Hertzberg highlighted Voltaire's attitudes as an examplar of inconsistency of the Enlightenment. Was surely Voltaire are proponent of anti-semitism? But in reality Voltaire says in 『Traite sur la tolerence』, all of the Turkish, Chinese, Thai and Jewish are a creature of God and a brotherhood of ours. Furthermore he said Jews are our ancestor in 『Essai sur les moeurs』. In this respect, Voltaire has not despised Jews and denied to suggest them as an ‘Other', rather he accepted them as broadly humanity itself. And although he required the jewish culture has to corrected or abandoned, but he welcomed they would enter to enlightenment community such as an individual or corporate upon the position of universal tolerance. Although Voltaire reproached superstition, fanaticism, intolerance and persecution, but he was not condemned jewish nation and religious identity itself. Whoever the jewish they are get rid of fanaticism and superstition can participate in civil society which could preserve life and property of all members. So we can said Voltaire is not supporter of the anti-semitism which implicit biological racism, rather he was a supporter of anti-judaism who want to regenerate jewish culture and religion. Revolutionaries as abbe Gregoire or abbe Sieyes and the others has attempted to the emancipation of the jews in French Revolution. Emancipation of jews in the revolutionary age also result of accepted the anti-judaism of Voltaire and aims to regenerate jewish people for transformed to equal citizen. As a result jewish are bestowed new historical moment when they are appeared as a new independent individual who renounced established national community by regeneration of nearly enforced by revolutionaries. This would be settled as basic spirit to estimate another national groups as Arabians of contemporary French Republic.
|
[
{
"display_name": "역사와경계",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306494606",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
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