category
stringclasses 9
values | correct_votes
int64 0
12
| gold_evidence
list | id
stringlengths 20
20
| label
stringclasses 2
values | retrieved_evidence
list | text
stringlengths 16
429
| total_likes
int64 0
7
| total_votes
int64 0
13
| wikipedia_page
stringlengths 3
49
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; German: [ˈɔʏlɐ] (listen); 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, such as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory, while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory."
}
] |
O7ugbXCFbjcU3sO48HHX
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contributions to mathematics and physics",
"text": "Euler is the only mathematician to have two numbers named after him: the important Euler's number in calculus, e, approximately equal to 2.71828, and the Euler–Mascheroni constant γ (gamma) sometimes referred to as just \"Euler's constant\", approximately equal to 0.57721."
},
{
"section_header": "Commemorations",
"text": "The asteroid 2002 Euler was named in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected bibliography",
"text": "Euler, Leonhard (2015). Elements of Algebra."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, Switzerland, where Leonhard spent most of his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Paul was a friend of the Bernoulli family; Johann Bernoulli, then regarded as Europe's foremost mathematician, would eventually be the most important influence on young Leonhard."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to mathematics and physics | Graph theory",
"text": "The constant in this formula is now known as the Euler characteristic for the graph (or other mathematical object), and is related to the genus of the object."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leonhard Euler ( OY-lər; German: [ˈɔʏlɐ] (listen); 15 April 1707 – 18 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, geographer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics, such as infinitesimal calculus and graph theory, while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory."
},
{
"section_header": "Contributions to mathematics and physics",
"text": "Euler's name is associated with a large number of topics."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At that time Euler's main studies included theology, Greek and Hebrew at his father's urging to become a pastor, but Bernoulli convinced his father that Leonhard was destined to become a great mathematician."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Eyesight deterioration",
"text": "The Eulers bore a double name, Euler-Schölpi, the latter of which derives from schelb and schief, signifying squint-eyed, cross-eyed, or crooked."
}
] |
German mathematician Leonhard Euler has a mathematical constant named after him.
| 0 | 0 |
Leonhard Euler
|
Geography
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since its construction, the tunnel has experienced a few mechanical problems."
}
] |
O806JV7ywVgFZ4vuMfjf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since its construction, the tunnel has experienced a few mechanical problems."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Arrangement",
"text": "Parliamentary support for the project came partly from provincial members of Parliament on the basis of promises of regional Eurostar through train services that never materialised; the promises were repeated in 1996 when the contract for construction of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link was awarded."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "Working from both the English side and the French side of the Channel, eleven tunnel boring machines or TBMs cut through chalk marl to construct two rail tunnels and a service tunnel."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "At the peak of construction 15,000 people were employed with daily expenditure over £3 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Fires",
"text": "The exact cause is unknown, although it was neither a Eurotunnel equipment nor rolling stock problem; it may have been due to arson of a heavy goods vehicle."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "In 1985 prices, the total construction cost was £4.65 billion (equivalent to £13 billion in 2015), an 80% cost overrun."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins | Construction",
"text": "Ten workers, eight of them British, were killed during construction between 1987 and 1993, most in the first few months of boring."
},
{
"section_header": "Mechanical incidents | Safety",
"text": "Piston relief ducts of 2-metre (7 ft) diameter were chosen to solve the problem, with 4 ducts per kilometre to give close to optimum results."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration",
"text": "Eurotunnel said it was losing £5m per month because of the problem."
},
{
"section_header": "Illegal immigration",
"text": "By 1997, the problem had attracted international press attention, and by 1999, the French Red Cross opened the first migrant centre at Sangatte, using a warehouse once used for tunnel construction; by 2002, it housed up to 1,500 people at a time, most of them trying to get to the UK."
}
] |
The tunnel never experienced mechanical problems since its construction.
| 5 | 8 |
Channel Tunnel
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story follows the lives of the four March sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—and details their passage from childhood to womanhood."
}
] |
O8s4xgCp6MhK1BIqWHL8
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The two volumes were issued in 1880 as a single novel titled Little Women."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Josephine \"Jo\" March",
"text": "\"Ted\" Bhaer. Jo also writes the first part of Little Women during the second portion of the novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Little Women has been one of the most widely read novels, noted by Stern from a 1927 report in The New York Times and cited in Little Women and the Feminist Imagination: Criticism, Controversy, Personal Essays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Little Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott (1832–1888) which was originally published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Television",
"text": "In the 1980s, two anime series were made in Japan, Little Women in 1981 and Tales of Little Women in 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "In 2003 Little Women was ranked number 18 in The Big Read, a survey of the British public by the BBC to determine the \"Nation's Best-loved Novel\" (not children's novel); it is fourth-highest among novels published in the U.S. on that list."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "In the pages of Little Women, young and adolescent girls read the normalization of ambitious women."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "This is the unifying imaginative frame of Little Women."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The unresolved ending added to the popularity of Little Women."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "Little Women has been adapted to film seven times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story follows the lives of the four March sisters—Meg, Jo, Beth, and Amy—and details their passage from childhood to womanhood."
}
] |
The Little Women novel is about five women.
| 0 | 0 |
Little Women
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Youngs was born in Shiner, Texas, the second of three children, all sons."
}
] |
O93J1tK95NSjFStTdsHF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From Shiner, Texas, Youngs excelled at baseball and American football at the West Texas Military Institute."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Youngs was educated at West Texas Military Institute."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Youngs was born in Shiner, Texas, the second of three children, all sons."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "Youngs reported to spring training in Marlin, Texas with the Giants in 1917."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "He made his professional baseball debut for the Austin Senators of the Texas League in 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Appearing in 17 games, he hit just .145 for the class-B Senators and, in 1915, found himself down in the Class-D leagues, playing for Brenham of the Middle Texas League and the Waxahachie Athletics of the Central Texas League; both leagues disbanded during the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and minor leagues",
"text": "Youngs' mother ran a small hotel in San Antonio and Youngs had a paper route."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Youngs was a favorite of McGraw, who kept only two pictures in his office: one of Christy Mathewson and one of Youngs."
},
{
"section_header": "New York Giants",
"text": "McGraw gave Youngs the nickname \"Pep\" due to his hustle and soon began to groom Youngs to become his successor as Giants' manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness and death",
"text": "In Youngs' obituary in The New York Times, Giants manager John McGraw called Youngs \"the greatest outfielder I ever saw on a ball field."
}
] |
Youngs is from Texas.
| 2 | 6 |
Ross Youngs
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus, June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, producer and actor, with a career that has spanned more than 50 years."
}
] |
O9E71ctGkqeTJO2d6ym2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "Further Mercer compositions were set to music by Manilow over the following years, culminating in the 1991 Nancy Wilson release."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1960s",
"text": "When accepting the award, he stated that he learned the most about making pop music by working for three or four years as a writer in the jingle industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "In 2019, it was announced that Manilow's original musical Harmony would make its New York debut at the Museum of Jewish Heritage, running from February 11 until March 29, 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Selected TV and movie appearances",
"text": "\"I Am Your Child\", winning her over with the song about a parent's bond with a child."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s",
"text": "It was his first appearance on Broadway in more than two decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manilow has sold more than 75 million records as a solo artist worldwide, making him one of the world's best-selling artists."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s",
"text": "The decade ended with Manilow recording a tribute to Frank Sinatra Manilow Sings Sinatra (1998) released months after Sinatra's death."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s",
"text": "In the United States, at Radio City Music Hall, his 1984 10-night run set a box-office sales record of nearly $2 million, making him the top draw in the 52-year history of the venue."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "The show aired on PBS in December 2007 and was rebroadcast over New Year 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s",
"text": "Manilow also performed. In 2000, Manilow had two specials, Manilow Country and Manilow Live!, taped over two consecutive days at the Tennessee Performing Arts Center in Nashville, Tennessee."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus, June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician, producer and actor, with a career that has spanned more than 50 years."
}
] |
Manilow has been actively making music for over 5 decades.
| 0 | 2 |
Barry Manilow
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "On other walls are found images depicting the daily life of the elite as well as the common people."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "Other major works of art include sculptures of Hindu deities, apsaras and images from the daily life and culture of the people (artha and dharma scenes), various animals, aquatic creatures, birds, legendary creatures, and friezes narrating the Hindu texts."
}
] |
O9IzfgFxeSpQzsJSDwow
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Other temples and monuments",
"text": "The Konark Sun Temple complex has ruins of many subsidiary shrines and monuments around the main temple."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "However, this is not supported by local literary sources, and these images may be the same kama and mithuna scenes found integrated into the art of many Hindu temples."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "The walls of the temple from the temple's base through the crowning elements are ornamented with reliefs, many finished to jewelry-quality miniature details."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The main temple and the jagamohana differed in size, decorative themes, and design."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "The upana (moulding) layer at the bottom of the platform contains friezes of elephants, marching soldiers, musicians, and images depicting the secular life of the people, including hunting scenes, a caravan of domesticated animals, people carrying supplies on their head or with the help of a bullock cart, travelers preparing a meal along the roadside, and festive processions."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Konark in texts",
"text": "The current Konark temple dates to the 13th century, though evidence suggests that a sun temple was built in the Konark area by at least the 9th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "Other major works of art include sculptures of Hindu deities, apsaras and images from the daily life and culture of the people (artha and dharma scenes), various animals, aquatic creatures, birds, legendary creatures, and friezes narrating the Hindu texts."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The masons then created ashlar, wherein the stones were polished and finished so as to make joints hardly visible."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Konark Sun Temple has attracted conflicting reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Konark Sun Temple (Konark Surya Mandir) is a 13th-century CE Sun temple at Konark about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast from Puri on the coastline of Odisha, India."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reliefs and sculpture",
"text": "On other walls are found images depicting the daily life of the elite as well as the common people."
}
] |
The Konark Sun Temple's artists were allowed to create many different kinds of scenes, but ordinary people were not represented.
| 0 | 0 |
Konark Sun Temple
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His parents were immigrants from Quebec and both they and Durocher's older brothers spoke only French; Durocher began attending elementary school without knowing how to speak English."
}
] |
O9Ra27Iwdi2cTuDGNEgL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Leo Durocher was born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, on July 27, 1905, the youngest of four sons born to French Canadian parents."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His parents were immigrants from Quebec and both they and Durocher's older brothers spoke only French; Durocher began attending elementary school without knowing how to speak English."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": ", Durocher was deemed ineligible for service in World War II due to a punctured eardrum."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Nice Guys Finish Last, by Leo Durocher with Ed Linn."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Leo Ernest Durocher (; July 27, 1905 – October 7, 1991), nicknamed Leo the Lip and Lippy, was an American professional baseball player, manager and coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Dickson, Paul: Leo Durocher: Baseball's Prodigal Son (2017) Bloomsbury USA"
},
{
"section_header": "Houston Astros and beyond",
"text": "He made a brief comeback in 1976 in the Japanese Pacific League with the Taiheiyo Club Lions, but he retired due to illness (hepatitis) before the beginning of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Durocher was a favorite of Yankee manager Miller Huggins, who considered Durocher a potential managerial candidate due to his competitiveness, passion, ego, and facility for remembering situations."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "was a railroad engineer who died of a heart attack soon after Durocher's birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Leo Durocher died in 1991 in Palm Springs, California, at the age of 86, and is buried in Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles."
}
] |
Due to Leo Durocher's French Canadian roots, he had to learn English
| 3 | 5 |
Leo Durocher
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Motifs | Catholicism",
"text": "Evelyn Waugh was a convert to Catholicism and Brideshead depicts the Roman Catholic faith in a secular literary form."
}
] |
O9WoJVBRNS5FVpjXFBET
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Waugh's statements about the novel",
"text": "In various letters, Waugh himself refers to the novel a number of times as his magnum opus; however, in 1950 he wrote to Graham Greene stating \"I re-read Brideshead Revisited and was appalled.\" In Waugh's preface to his revised edition of Brideshead (1959) the author explained the circumstances in which the novel was written, following a minor parachute accident in the six months between December 1943 and June 1944."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Brideshead Revisited, The Sacred & Profane Memories of Captain Charles Ryder is a novel by English writer Evelyn Waugh, first published in 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Related works",
"text": "There are many similarities between the story told by Evelyn Waugh in 1945, “Brideshead Revisited”, and an earlier work, “A Fellow of Trinity,” 1891, by Alan St. Aubyn = (Mrs Frances Marshall)."
},
{
"section_header": "References in other media",
"text": "Paula Byrne's biography of Evelyn Waugh, titled Mad World: Evelyn Waugh and the Secrets of Brideshead, was published by HarperPress in the UK in August 2009 and HarperCollins New York in the US in April 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Motifs | Catholicism",
"text": "Evelyn Waugh was a convert to Catholicism and Brideshead depicts the Roman Catholic faith in a secular literary form."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Et In Arcadia Ego",
"text": "Lord Marchmain had converted from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism to marry his wife, but he later abandoned both his marriage and his new religion, and moved to Venice, Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "References in other media",
"text": "An excerpt was published in the Sunday Times 9 August 2009 under the headline \"Sex Scandal Behind 'Brideshead Revisited'\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Acclaim",
"text": "In 1998, the Modern Library ranked Brideshead Revisited No. 80 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Motifs | Catholicism",
"text": "The same themes were criticised by Waugh's contemporaries."
},
{
"section_header": "References in other media",
"text": "\" Et in Arcadia ego, the Latin phrase which is the title of the major section (Book One) of Brideshead Revisited, is also a central theme to Tom Stoppard's play."
}
] |
Brideshead Revisited is a defense of Evelyn Waugh's religion.
| 0 | 0 |
Brideshead Revisited
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Other views and commentaries | Rastafari",
"text": "[...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster.\" In the early developments of the Rastafari religion, Haile Selassie (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the House of David, is worshipped as God incarnate, and is thought to be the \"black Jesus\" and \"black messiah\" – the second coming of Christ."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | Jehovah's Witnesses",
"text": "They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914 as the start of Christ's \"presence\", which continues until the final battle of Armageddon."
}
] |
O9tQD4KsyQsJzeA197hZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Specific date predictions and claims",
"text": "A number of specific dates have been predicted for the Second Coming, some now in the distant past, others still in the future."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints",
"text": "The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming."
},
{
"section_header": "Terminology",
"text": "Several different terms are used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ: In the New Testament, the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (epiphaneia, appearing) is used five times to refer to the return of Christ."
},
{
"section_header": "Specific date predictions and claims",
"text": "Views about the nature of the Second Coming vary among Christian denominations and among individual Christians."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints",
"text": "Church members believe that there will be increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | Catholic and Orthodox",
"text": "Many Christian denominations consider this second coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by God of the people in every nation resulting in the glorification of some and the punishment of others."
},
{
"section_header": "In modern culture",
"text": "Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example: The Seventh Sign – 1988 film starring Demi Moore about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to begin the countdown that will trigger the Apocalypse."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | Jehovah's Witnesses",
"text": "Jehovah's Witnesses rarely use the term \"second coming\", preferring the term \"presence\" as a translation of parousia."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | Early Christianity",
"text": "the simple meaning of his previous statement is that the Second Coming was to be witnessed by people literally living in that same generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Other views and commentaries | Rastafari",
"text": "[...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster.\" In the early developments of the Rastafari religion, Haile Selassie (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the House of David, is worshipped as God incarnate, and is thought to be the \"black Jesus\" and \"black messiah\" – the second coming of Christ."
},
{
"section_header": "Christian eschatological views | Jehovah's Witnesses",
"text": "They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914 as the start of Christ's \"presence\", which continues until the final battle of Armageddon."
}
] |
The Second Coming of Jesus Christ has been predicted by several religions using dates and people that have come and gone, yet, as Smash Mouth would say it, "The [false predictions] start coming, and they don't stop coming."
| 0 | 0 |
The Second Coming
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed \"Knucksie\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves."
}
] |
OA2jcpfEXfg7Wk6fqymg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Niekro remains the last MLB pitcher to have both won and lost 20 or more games in the same season."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1987)",
"text": "At the age of 48, Niekro was the oldest player in major league history to play regularly until Julio Franco played at age 49 in 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In addition, Phil played American Legion Baseball growing up."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves (1964-1983) | 1964-1969",
"text": "The team was eliminated from the playoffs after losing the next two games."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1987)",
"text": "He set a major league record by playing 24 seasons in the major leagues without a World Series appearance."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life",
"text": "Talk about a weird assist: 2-5-3 on a strikeout.\" After the end of his professional baseball career, Niekro managed the all-women Colorado Silver Bullets baseball team."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "John Havlicek. The baseball field on which he played at Bridgeport High School's Perkins Field athletic complex was renamed \"The Niekro Diamond\" in 2008 after both Phil and his brother, fellow major league pitcher Joe Niekro."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves (1964-1983) | 1964-1969",
"text": "Before the 1968 season, sportswriter Fred Down described the Braves' pitching staff as \"chaotic\" and reported that team leadership was planning to use Niekro as both a starter and a reliever in the coming season."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Second stint with the Atlanta Braves (1987)",
"text": "He only appeared in the postseason twice, making a playoff start in 1969 and again in 1982, both for Braves teams that lost the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Major League career | Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves (1964-1983) | 1964-1969",
"text": "He stayed with the major league team all year in 1965, appearing in 74 2⁄3 innings in 41 games and recording six saves."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philip Henry Niekro (pronounced NEE-kro) (born April 1, 1939), nicknamed \"Knucksie\", is an American former baseball pitcher who played 24 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), 20 of them with the Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves."
}
] |
Niekro played most of his career with the same team.
| 1 | 6 |
Phil Niekro
|
Geography
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "Laying the foundations alone took two years and, in 1810, when Napoleon entered Paris from the west with his bride Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria, he had a wooden mock-up of the completed arch constructed."
}
] |
OAJAivFTRY1cTgGy0shP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Construction and late 19th century",
"text": "Laying the foundations alone took two years and, in 1810, when Napoleon entered Paris from the west with his bride Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria, he had a wooden mock-up of the completed arch constructed."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "It remained there only four years before falling in ruins."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "The battles that took place in the period between the departure of Napoleon from Elba to his final defeat at Waterloo are not included."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Monument",
"text": "For four years from 1882 to 1886, a monumental sculpture by Alexandre Falguière topped the arch."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "La Paix de 1815, by Antoine Étex commemorates the Treaty of Paris, concluded in that year."
}
] |
Laying its foundations alone took 2 years.
| 0 | 1 |
Arc de Triomphe
|
Science
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Definition | Size",
"text": "The size of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns that it contains."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array (see irregular matrix) of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns."
}
] |
OB2GkwzqqLUyFafVucx6
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A major branch of numerical analysis is devoted to the development of efficient algorithms for matrix computations, a subject that is centuries old and is today an expanding area of research."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Eisenstein further developed these notions, including the remark that, in modern parlance, matrix products are non-commutative."
},
{
"section_header": "Square matrix | Main types | Orthogonal matrix",
"text": "An orthogonal matrix is a square matrix with real entries whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors (that is, orthonormal vectors)."
},
{
"section_header": "Basic operations | Matrix multiplication",
"text": "The product AB may be defined without BA being defined, namely if A and B are m-by-n and n-by-k matrices, respectively, and m ≠ k."
},
{
"section_header": "Linear transformations",
"text": "Rn → Rm mapping each vector x in Rn to the (matrix) product Ax, which is a vector in Rm."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Arthur Cayley published a treatise on geometric transformations using matrices that were not rotated versions of the coefficients being investigated as had previously been done."
},
{
"section_header": "Linear transformations",
"text": "The rank of a matrix A is the maximum number of linearly independent row vectors of the matrix, which is the same as the maximum number of linearly independent column vectors."
},
{
"section_header": "Definition | Size",
"text": "Matrices with a single row are called row vectors, and those with a single column are called column vectors."
},
{
"section_header": "Abstract algebraic aspects and generalizations | Infinite matrices",
"text": "It is also possible to consider matrices with infinitely many rows and/or columns even if, being infinite objects, one cannot write down such matrices explicitly."
},
{
"section_header": "Linear transformations",
"text": "These vectors define the vertices of the unit square."
},
{
"section_header": "Definition | Size",
"text": "The size of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns that it contains."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array (see irregular matrix) of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns."
}
] |
A matrix can be expanded by including a cross-diagonal vector.
| 1 | 3 |
Matrix (mathematics)
|
Popular Culture
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spacek was born on December 25, 1949, in Quitman, Texas, the daughter of Virginia Frances (née Spilman; December 18, 1917 – November 10, 1981) and Edwin Arnold Spacek Sr. (July 3, 1910 – January 7, 2001), a county agricultural agent."
}
] |
OBPGGLDzS3OaEwAnUt3w
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s–2010s",
"text": "With her sixth best actress Academy Award nomination, Spacek became only the eighth actress to be nominated for at least six leading role Oscars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mary Elizabeth \"Sissy\" Spacek (; born December 25, 1949) is an American actress and singer."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s and beginning of acting career",
"text": "Spacek's performance was widely praised, and Pauline Kael of The New Yorker wrote, \"Though few actresses have distinguished themselves in gothics, Sissy Spacek, who is onscreen almost continuously, gives a classic chameleon performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s–2010s",
"text": "only\". Spacek became the first actor to appear in a film nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture in each of the four most recent decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Following her appearances in the acclaimed films Welcome to L.A. (1976) and Robert Altman's 3 Women (1977), she won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her portrayal of Loretta Lynn in the biographical musical Coal Miner's Daughter (1980)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s and Oscar win",
"text": "Film critic Roger Ebert has credited the movie's success \"to the performance by Sissy Spacek as Loretta Lynn."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1980s and Oscar win",
"text": "\" In addition, Andrew Sarris of The Village Voice wrote \"Sissy Spacek – yes, I'm flabbergasted – is simple and faithful as Lynn."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s–2010s",
"text": "She also co-starred with Robert Redford, in his final role before his retirement, in the biographical crime film The Old Man & the Gun (2018), which received critical acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1970s and beginning of acting career",
"text": "Sissy Spacek uses her freckled pallor and whitish eyelashes to suggest a squashed, groggy girl who could go in any direction; at times, she seems unborn – a fetus."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Although her birth name was Mary Elizabeth, she always was called Sissy by her brothers, which led to her stage name."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Spacek was born on December 25, 1949, in Quitman, Texas, the daughter of Virginia Frances (née Spilman; December 18, 1917 – November 10, 1981) and Edwin Arnold Spacek Sr. (July 3, 1910 – January 7, 2001), a county agricultural agent."
}
] |
Sissy Spacek is a Michigander who became an acclaimed actress.
| 1 | 3 |
Sissy Spacek
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a career spanning six decades, she has achieved success in multiple fields of entertainment and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award, five Emmy Awards, four Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and nine Golden Globes."
}
] |
OBcdQY6YFW1xMrXUJNpG
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career beginnings | Television appearances, marriage and first albums",
"text": "\"Her first album, The Barbra Streisand Album in early 1963, made the top 10 on the Billboard chart and won three Grammy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won an Oscar for Best Score and a Golden Globe for"
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Film awards",
"text": "The three films she directed received a total of 14 Oscar nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Film awards",
"text": "She won Oscars for Best Actress (Funny Girl) and Best Original Song (\"Evergreen\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She is among a small group of entertainers who have been honored with an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations | Film awards",
"text": "Streisand has won two Academy Awards (Oscar) against five nominations: two for acting, two for songwriting and one for Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Acting",
"text": "Streisand won the 1968 Academy Award for Best Actress for the role, sharing it with Katharine Hepburn (The Lion in Winter) , the only time there has been a tie in this Oscar category."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Singing",
"text": "The Barbra Streisand Album, The Second Barbra Streisand Album, The Third Album,"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Singing",
"text": "On October 11, 2012, Streisand gave a three-hour concert performance before a crowd of 18,000 as part of the ongoing inaugural events of Barclays Center (and part of her current Barbra Live tour) in Brooklyn (her first-ever public performance in her home borough)."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships and family",
"text": "Dating Barbra Streisand is like wearing Hot Lava."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In a career spanning six decades, she has achieved success in multiple fields of entertainment and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award, five Emmy Awards, four Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and nine Golden Globes."
}
] |
Barbra Streisand is an entertainer that has won three Oscars.
| 0 | 0 |
Barbra Streisand
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "On March 10, production moved to a remote corner of Mississippi, where the crew filmed the burning of a parish church."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming began in Jackson, Mississippi, where the production team filmed a church being burned down."
}
] |
OBexMvsvYBF2H49yc1Hs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The filmmakers were initially reluctant about filming in Mississippi; they expressed interest in filming in Forsyth County, Georgia before being persuaded by John Horne, head of Mississippi's film commission."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming began in Jackson, Mississippi, where the production team filmed a church being burned down."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "On March 10, production moved to a remote corner of Mississippi, where the crew filmed the burning of a parish church."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "On working with Hackman, McDormand said, \"... in Mississippi Burning, I didn't do research."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mississippi Burning is a 1988 American biographical crime thriller film directed by Alan Parker that is loosely based on the 1964 Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner murder investigation in Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Mississippi Burning was released on VHS on July 27, 1989, by Orion Home Video."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Box office",
"text": "After seven weeks of wide release, Mississippi Burning ended its theatrical run with an overall gross of $34,603,943."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical context",
"text": "The investigation was given the code name \"MIBURN\" (short for \"Mississippi Burning\"), and top FBI inspectors were sent to help with the case."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Mississippi Burning received various awards and nominations in categories ranging from recognition of the film itself to its writing, direction, editing, sound and cinematography, to the performances of Gene Hackman and Frances McDormand."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "From March 14 to March 18, the crew filmed the burning of several more churches, as well as scenes set in a farm."
}
] |
Mississippi Burning was filmed in Georgia.
| 0 | 0 |
Mississippi Burning
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For Whom the Bell Tolls is a novel by Ernest Hemingway published in 1940."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ernest Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls in Havana, Cuba; Key West, Florida; and Sun Valley, Idaho, in 1939."
}
] |
OBlGFtIVpmO4M5VfcCER
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and critical reaction",
"text": "the Bell Tolls on its list of the 100 most influential novels."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and in popular culture",
"text": "The Bell Tolls,\" from the album Size Isn't Everything."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "For Whom the Bell Tolls is a novel by Ernest Hemingway published in 1940."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and critical reaction | In Spain",
"text": "the Bell Tolls, although the novel was at times discussed in the press."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Ernest Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls in Havana, Cuba; Key West, Florida; and Sun Valley, Idaho, in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and critical reaction | Pulitzer Prize controversy",
"text": "In 1941, the Pulitzer Prize committee for letters unanimously recommended For Whom the Bell Tolls be awarded the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel for that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Main themes | Imagery",
"text": "Hemingway frequently used images to produce the dense atmosphere of violence and death for which his books are renowned; the main image of For Whom the Bell Tolls is the automatic weapon."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and in popular culture",
"text": "the Bell Tolls, and his relationship with the American novelist, travel writer and war correspondent Martha Gellhorn, who he credited with having inspired him to write the novel, and to whom he dedicated it."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "For Whom the Bell Tolls became a Book of the Month Club choice, sold half a million copies within months, was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize, and became a literary triumph for Hemingway."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations and in popular culture",
"text": "Metallica's second album Ride the Lightning (1984) , features a song entitled \"For Whom the Bell Tolls,\" which can be seen as a lyrical adaptation of a particular scene from the book (chapter 27)."
}
] |
For whom the Bell Tolls was penned by Poe.
| 2 | 3 |
For Whom the Bell Tolls
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania."
}
] |
OBmg0JtvkFHBl4WSV0yH
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Henry \"Harry\" Wright (January 10, 1835 – October 3, 1895) was an English-born American professional baseball player, manager, and developer."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Harry was already 22 when the baseball fraternity convened for the first time in 1857, at which time he joined the Knickerbocker Base Ball Club."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wright was also the first to make baseball into a business by paying his players up to seven times the pay of the average working man."
},
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati",
"text": "When the NABBP permitted professionalism for 1869, Harry augmented his 1868 imports (retaining four of five) with five new men, including three more originally from the East."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born in Sheffield, England, he was the eldest of five children of professional cricketer Samuel Wright and his wife, Annie Tone Wright."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Harry played against the first English cricket team to tour overseas in 1859.Both brothers played baseball for some of the leading clubs during the amateur era of the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP)."
},
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati",
"text": "When baseball boomed less than a year later in 1866, the first full peacetime season, he became, in effect, club pro at the Cincinnati Base Ball Club, although he is commonly called simply a baseball \"manager\" from that time."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright died of a lung ailment on October 3, 1895 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, He is buried in West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Wright was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Cincinnati",
"text": "No one but Harry Wright himself remained from 1867; one local man and one other westerner joined seven easterners on the famous First Nine."
}
] |
American baseball player Harry Wright was divorced five times and died of heart failure.
| 0 | 2 |
Harry Wright
|
Sports
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "While Harris played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Detroit Tigers, it was his long managerial career that led to his enshrinement in the Baseball Hall of Fame, elected as a manager by the Veterans Committee, in 1975."
}
] |
OCDv3ukefs0XuzVvopby
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stanley Raymond \"Bucky\" Harris (November 8, 1896 – November 8, 1977) was an American professional baseball second baseman, manager and executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career after 1925 | Senators, Tigers, Red Sox and Phillies (1926–1943)",
"text": "Harris then played a role in Cox' banishment from professional baseball for betting on games."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "While Harris played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators and Detroit Tigers, it was his long managerial career that led to his enshrinement in the Baseball Hall of Fame, elected as a manager by the Veterans Committee, in 1975."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "He then was recommended to the Washington Senators by baseball promoter Joe Engel, who led the Chattanooga Lookouts at Engel Stadium."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "Baseball historian William C. Kashatus wrote of his dominant play in the 1924 World Series: \"Not only did he set records for chances accepted, double plays and put-outs in the exciting seven-game affair, but he batted .333 and hit two home runs\" — including an important roundtripper in Game 7 which opened the scoring and gave Washington a 1–0 lead in the 4th inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Managing career after 1925",
"text": "Although he retired as a player after the 1931 season, his playing career effectively ended with his trade to Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "In 1916, when Harris was 19, Pittston native and future Hall of Famer Hughie Jennings, then the manager of the Detroit Tigers, signed him to his first contract and farmed him to the Class B Muskegon Reds of the Central League, where he struggled as a batsman and was released."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "Harris spent most of his playing career as a second baseman with the Senators (1919–1928)."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "Harris then caught on with the Scranton Miners, Norfolk Tars and Reading Pretzels through 1917, before reaching the highest level of minor league baseball with the 1918–1919 Buffalo Bisons of the International League."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing and player-manager career",
"text": "In August 1919, at the age of 22, he came up to Washington but was unimpressive at first, batting a meager .214 and getting into only eight games that first season."
}
] |
Bucky Harris was a professional baseball player who played for Washington and Detroit.
| 4 | 9 |
Bucky Harris
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\", commonly known as \"Prufrock\", is the first professionally published poem by American-born British poet T. S. Eliot (1888–1965)."
}
] |
OCdCfTRY2PV2pMXeiHF4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Title",
"text": "I once wrote a poem called \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\": I am convinced that it would never have been called \"Love Song\" but for a title of Kipling's that stuck obstinately in my head: \"The Love Song of Har Dyal\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history | Writing and first publication",
"text": "Eliot wrote \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\" between February 1910 and July or August 1911."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Use of allusion",
"text": "Like many of Eliot's poems, \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\" makes numerous allusions to other works, which are often symbolic themselves."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Themes and interpretation",
"text": "On the surface, \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\" relays the thoughts of a sexually frustrated middle-aged man who wants to say something but is afraid to do so, and ultimately does not."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\", commonly known as \"Prufrock\", is the first professionally published poem by American-born British poet T. S. Eliot (1888–1965)."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Title",
"text": "Eliot called the poem a \"love song\" in reference to Rudyard Kipling's poem \"The Love Song of Har Dyal\", first published in Kipling's collection Plain Tales from the Hills (1888)."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history | Writing and first publication",
"text": "In June 1917 The Egoist, a small publishing firm run by Dora Marsden, published a pamphlet entitled Prufrock and Other Observations (London), containing twelve poems by Eliot. \" The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\" was the first in the volume."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history | Writing and first publication",
"text": "Pound served as the overseas editor of Poetry: A Magazine of Verse and recommended to the magazine's founder, Harriet Monroe, that Poetry publish \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\", extolling that Eliot and his work embodied a new and unique phenomenon among contemporary writers."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history | Writing and first publication",
"text": "In November 1915 \"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock\"—along with Eliot's poems \"Portrait of a Lady\", \"The Boston Evening Transcript\", \"Hysteria\", and \"Miss Helen Slingsby\"—was included in Catholic Anthology 1914–1915 edited by Ezra Pound and printed by Elkin Mathews in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Title",
"text": "at the time of writing the poem was in the habit of rendering his name as \"T. Stearns Eliot\", very similar in form to that of J. Alfred Prufrock."
}
] |
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is often called "The Proof".
| 0 | 0 |
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Benjamin Greenberg (born Hyman Greenberg; January 1, 1911 – September 4, 1986), nicknamed \"Hammerin' Hank\", \"Hankus Pankus\", or \"The Hebrew Hammer\", was an American professional baseball player and team executive."
}
] |
OD7qQEKRSel6SXB4lu8O
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He attracted national attention in 1934 in the middle of a pennant race when he had to decide whether to play baseball on two major Jewish holidays; after consultation with his rabbi, he agreed to play on Rosh Hashanah, but on Yom Kippur he spent the day at his synagogue, even though he was not particularly observant religiously."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Henry Benjamin Greenberg (born Hyman Greenberg; January 1, 1911 – September 4, 1986), nicknamed \"Hammerin' Hank\", \"Hankus Pankus\", or \"The Hebrew Hammer\", was an American professional baseball player and team executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "Greenberg played first base for the Pirates in 1947 and was one of the few opposing players to publicly welcome Jackie Robinson to the majors."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1947, Greenberg signed a contract for a record $85,000 salary before being sold to the Pittsburgh Pirates, where he played his final MLB season that year."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "An Associated Press All-Star roster was named (no game was played) for the AL and NL by a group of their sportswriters that included Greenberg as one of the All-Stars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Having endured his share of anti-semitic abuse in his career, Greenberg was one of the few opposing players to publicly welcome African-American player Jackie Robinson to the major leagues in 1947."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | Return to baseball",
"text": "As a fielder, the 193-cm (6-foot-4-inch) Greenberg was awkward and unsure of himself early in his career, but mastered first base through countless hours of practice."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball | Major leagues | World War II service",
"text": "My country comes first. \" In November, while serving as an anti-tank gunner, he was promoted to sergeant, but was honorably discharged on December 5 (the United States Congress released men aged 28 years and older from service), two days before Japan bombed Pearl Harbor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was the AL home run leader four times and his 58 home runs for the Tigers in 1938 equaled Jimmie Foxx's 1932 mark for the most in one season by anyone other than Babe Ruth, and tied Foxx for the most home runs between Ruth's record 60 in 1927 and Roger Maris' record 61 in 1961."
},
{
"section_header": "In media | Books",
"text": "Hank Greenberg: The Hero Who Didn't Want To Be One."
}
] |
German baseball player Henry Benjamin Greenberg was a practicing Jew and consulted his religious leader before playing on religious holy days.
| 0 | 0 |
Hank Greenberg
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born and raised in Payette, Idaho, Killebrew was youngest of four children of Harmon Clayton Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harmon Clayton Killebrew Jr. (; June 29, 1936 – May 17, 2011), nicknamed ’The Killer’ and ’Hammerin' Harmon’, was an American professional baseball first baseman, third baseman, and left fielder."
}
] |
ODYTAfC5fn5FiIF5idFs
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, a painter and sheriff, was a member of an undefeated Millikin College football team who was later named an All-American under eventual Pro Football Hall of Fame coach Greasy Neale."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Legacy",
"text": "Reggie Jackson once said, \"If Harmon Killebrew isn't the league's best player, I've never seen one.\" The street along the south side of the Mall of America, the former site of Metropolitan Stadium, in Bloomington, Minnesota was named \"Killebrew Drive\" in his honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Minnesota Twins | 1961–1965",
"text": "Killebrew was named to both 1961 All-Star games."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-career",
"text": "He moved to Scottsdale, Arizona in 1990, where he chaired the Harmon Killebrew Foundation, which he created in 1998."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Born and raised in Payette, Idaho, Killebrew was youngest of four children of Harmon Clayton Sr."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harmon Clayton Killebrew Jr. (; June 29, 1936 – May 17, 2011), nicknamed ’The Killer’ and ’Hammerin' Harmon’, was an American professional baseball first baseman, third baseman, and left fielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "However, more importantly Harmon's legacy will be the class, dignity and humility he demonstrated each and every day as a Hall of Fame-quality husband, father, friend, teammate and man."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Minnesota Twins | 1961–1965",
"text": "For the franchise's first year in Minnesota, Killebrew was named team captain by manager Cookie Lavagetto."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional baseball career | Minnesota Twins | 1970–1974",
"text": "In his honor, the Twins held a Harmon Killebrew Day in August, where it was announced that they would retire his number; Killebrew responded by leading the Twins to a 5–4 victory over the Orioles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Killebrew led the league six times in home runs and three times in RBIs, and was named to thirteen All-Star teams."
}
] |
Harmon Killebrew was named after his father.
| 0 | 0 |
Harmon Killebrew
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Translations | Talmud Bavli",
"text": "There are six contemporary translations of the Talmud into English: The Noé Edition of the Koren Talmud Bavli, Adin Steinsaltz, Koren Publishers Jerusalem."
}
] |
ODbHcOe5gxjRKrAmHrP4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "The redaction of the Talmud Bavli, on the other hand, is more careful and precise."
},
{
"section_header": "Printing | Editions for a wider audience",
"text": "Beginning in 2012, Koren Publishers Jerusalem launched the new Koren Talmud Bavli, a version of the Steinsaltz Talmud which features a new, modern English translation and the commentary of rabbi Adin Steinsaltz."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "The Babylonian version also contains the opinions of more generations because of its later date of completion."
},
{
"section_header": "Printing | Editions for a wider audience",
"text": "This contains the full text in the same format as the Vilna-based editions, with a full explanation in modern Hebrew on facing pages as well as an improved version of the traditional commentaries."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship | Contemporary scholarship",
"text": "Modern academic study attempts to separate the different \"strata\" within the text, to try to interpret each level on its own, and to identify the correlations between parallel versions of the same tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Scholarship | Brisker method",
"text": "The Brisker method is highly analytical and is often criticized as being a modern-day version of pilpul."
},
{
"section_header": "Babylonian and Jerusalem | Comparison of style and subject matter",
"text": "Furthermore, the editing of the Babylonian Talmud was superior to that of the Jerusalem version, making it more accessible and readily usable."
},
{
"section_header": "Printing | Editions for a wider audience",
"text": "It includes color photos and illustrations, and Steinsaltz's historical, biographical and linguistic notes in modern English translation."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | 19th century and after",
"text": "The criticisms of the Talmud in many modern pamphlets and websites are often recognisable as verbatim quotations from one or other of these."
},
{
"section_header": "Printing | Editions for a wider audience",
"text": "It is available in modern Hebrew (first volume published 1969), English (first volume published 1989), French, Russian and other languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Translations | Talmud Bavli",
"text": "There are six contemporary translations of the Talmud into English: The Noé Edition of the Koren Talmud Bavli, Adin Steinsaltz, Koren Publishers Jerusalem."
}
] |
There are more modern English versions of this text than there are fingers on the average hand.
| 1 | 7 |
Talmud
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Between the years 51 AD and 53 AD, he gave several speeches on behalf of various communities including the Ilians; the Apameans, requesting a five-year tax reprieve after an earthquake; and the northern colony of Bologna, after their settlement suffered a devastating fire."
}
] |
ODvWmzlDx2Fva4YvnyP1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | Great Fire of Rome",
"text": "Upon hearing news of the fire, Nero returned to Rome to organize a relief effort, providing for the removal of bodies and debris, which he paid for from his own funds."
},
{
"section_header": "In Jewish and Christian tradition | Christian tradition | Martyrdoms of Peter and Paul",
"text": "Of the Twelve one will be delivered into his hands\"; this is interpreted as referring to Nero."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | After Nero",
"text": "One such notable enemy included Nymphidius Sabinus, who claimed to be the son of Emperor Caligula."
},
{
"section_header": "In Jewish and Christian tradition | Jewish tradition",
"text": "His wife Bruriah is one of the few women cited in the Gemara."
},
{
"section_header": "In Jewish and Christian tradition | Jewish tradition",
"text": "Nero became terrified, believing that God wanted the Second Temple to be destroyed, but that he would punish the one to carry it out."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | Revolt of Vindex and Galba and Nero's death",
"text": "When he called for a gladiator or anyone else adept with a sword to kill him, no one appeared."
},
{
"section_header": "Historiography",
"text": "They longed for his rule once he was gone and embraced imposters when they appeared: Indeed the truth about this has not come out even yet; for so far as the rest of his subjects were concerned, there was nothing to prevent his continuing to be Emperor for all time, seeing that even now everybody wishes he were still alive."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | Revolt of Vindex and Galba and Nero's death",
"text": "When one of the horsemen entered and saw that Nero was dying, he attempted to stop the bleeding, but efforts to save Nero's life were unsuccessful."
},
{
"section_header": "In Jewish and Christian tradition | Jewish tradition",
"text": "Rabbi Meir was considered one of the greatest of the Tannaim of the third generation (139–163)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign (54–68 AD) | Revolt of Vindex and Galba and Nero's death",
"text": "In response, Nero fled Rome with the intention of going to the port of Ostia and, from there, to take a fleet to one of the still-loyal eastern provinces."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Between the years 51 AD and 53 AD, he gave several speeches on behalf of various communities including the Ilians; the Apameans, requesting a five-year tax reprieve after an earthquake; and the northern colony of Bologna, after their settlement suffered a devastating fire."
}
] |
Nero orated on the subject of disaster relief.
| 0 | 2 |
Nero
|
Literature
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though now considered a major 19th-century English novel, even Hardy's fictional masterpiece, Tess of the d'Urbervilles received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual morals of late Victorian England."
}
] |
OEERy46PlJ7yFJesayo4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Tess fails to meet Mrs. d'Urberville, but chances on her libertine son, Alec, who takes a fancy to Tess and secures her a position as poultry keeper on the estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Mary Jacobus, a commentator on Hardy's works, speculates that the ambiguity may have been forced on the author to meet publisher requirements and the \"Grundyist\" readership of his time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though now considered a major 19th-century English novel, even Hardy's fictional masterpiece, Tess of the d'Urbervilles received mixed reviews when it first appeared, in part because it challenged the sexual morals of late Victorian England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the Fifth: The Woman Pays (35–44)",
"text": "Tess returns home for a time."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the Sixth: The Convert (45–52)",
"text": "Tess refuses his assistance several times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "That same day, Tess participates in the village May Dance, where she first sees Angel Clare, youngest son of Reverend James Clare."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "Tess feels so guilty over Prince's death and the economic consequences for the family that she agrees, against her better judgment, to visit Mrs. d'Urberville, a rich widow in a rural mansion near the town of Trantridge, and \"claim kin\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "She is unaware that in reality, Mrs. d'Urberville's husband Simon Stoke adopted the surname, even though he was unrelated to the real d'Urbervilles."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Phase the First: The Maiden (1–11)",
"text": "However, John is given the impression by Parson Tringham that he may have noble blood, as \"Durbeyfield\" is a corruption of \"d'Urberville\", the surname of an extinct noble Norman family."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It initially appeared in a censored and serialised version, published by the British illustrated newspaper The Graphic in 1891, then in book form in three volumes in 1891, and as a single volume in 1892."
}
] |
Tess of the d'Urbervilles got only positive reviews when it was published for the first time.
| 4 | 9 |
Tess of the d'Urbervilles
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "Since then, they have gone on to win a record 20 top-division titles – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and their total of 12 FA Cups is second only to Arsenal (13)."
}
] |
OFvzFiQuiEzWarm6QQ6C
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Manchester United Women",
"text": "In 2018, Manchester United formed a new women's football team, which entered the second division of women's football in England for their debut season."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "Manchester United won the First Division for the second time in 1911, but at the end of the following season, Mangnall left the club to join Manchester City."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "Relegated again in 1931, Manchester United became a yo-yo club, achieving its all-time lowest position of 20th place in the Second Division in 1934."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "Under Ernest Mangnall, who assumed managerial duties in 1903, the team finished as Second Division runners-up in 1906 and secured promotion to the First Division, which they won in 1908 – the club's first league title."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "Since then, they have gone on to win a record 20 top-division titles – including a record 13 Premier League titles – and their total of 12 FA Cups is second only to Arsenal (13)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Busby years (1945–1969)",
"text": "In 1952, the club won the First Division, its first league title for 41 years."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "After two seasons, the club was relegated to the Second Division."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours | Domestic | League",
"text": "Second Division Winners (2): 1935–36, 1974–75"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years (1878–1945)",
"text": "In the 1938–39 season, the last year of football before the Second World War, the club finished 14th in the First Division."
},
{
"section_header": "Crest and colours",
"text": "For a period in 1934, the cherry and white hooped change shirt became the home colours, but the following season the red shirt was recalled after the club's lowest ever league placing of 20th in the Second Division and the hooped shirt dropped back to being the change."
}
] |
Manchester United F.C. has won 23 titles for their division, putting it in second place for winning division final matchups.
| 2 | 4 |
Manchester United F.C.
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern Colossus projects",
"text": "It was to be a giant light sculpture made partially out of melted-down weapons from around the world."
}
] |
OFyGcTtlocYlU6lIfLky
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Siege of Rhodes",
"text": "To celebrate their victory, the Rhodians sold the equipment left behind for 300 talents and decided to use the money to build a colossal statue of their patron god, Helios."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "According to Suda, the Rhodians were called Colossaeans (Κολοσσαεῖς), because they erected the statue on the island."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction",
"text": "Upper portions were built with the use of a large earthen ramp."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern Colossus projects",
"text": "It was to be a giant light sculpture made partially out of melted-down weapons from around the world."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rhódios Greek: Rhódios Greek: Κολοσσός της Ρόδου, romanized: Kolossós tes Rhódou) was a statue of the Greek sun-god Helios, erected in the city of Rhodes, on the Greek island of the same name, by Chares of Lindos in 280 BC."
},
{
"section_header": "Posture",
"text": "Many researchers have considered alternative positions for the statue which would have made it more feasible for actual construction by the ancients."
},
{
"section_header": "Siege of Rhodes",
"text": "Construction was left to the direction of Chares, a native of Lindos in Rhodes, who had been involved with large-scale statues before."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Colossus of Rhodes (Ancient Greek: ὁ Κολοσσὸς Ῥόδιος, romanized: ho Kolossòs"
},
{
"section_header": "Siege of Rhodes",
"text": "In the late 4th century BC, Rhodes, allied with Ptolemy I of Egypt, prevented a mass invasion staged by their common enemy, Antigonus I Monophthalmus."
},
{
"section_header": "Destruction",
"text": "Ptolemy III offered to pay for the reconstruction of the statue, but the oracle of Delphi made the Rhodians afraid that they had offended Helios, and they declined to rebuild it."
}
] |
A lot of the metal used to erect the Colossus of Rhodes was made from recycled and artillery.
| 0 | 0 |
Colossus of Rhodes
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After narrowly avoiding a shredder, Woody and Buzz help Lotso reach an emergency stop button, only for Lotso to abandon them."
}
] |
OGGVTKiaxl5wI3G9T7gY
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "At Sunnyside, Andy's toys are welcomed by the other toys, led by Lots-O'-Huggin' Bear (\"Lotso\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Bonnie's toys are shocked that Woody came from Sunnyside, and Chuckles, a toy clown, explains that he, Lotso, and Big Baby were owned by a girl named Daisy, but were lost during a family trip."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "On March 23, 2010, Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released separately on Blu-ray/DVD combo packs; Toy Story included a small feature of \"The Story of Toy Story 3\" and Toy Story 2 included one on the \"Characters of Toy Story 3.\" Mattel, Thinkway Toys, and Lego are among companies that produced toys to promote the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Metacritic, another review aggregator which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, gave the film a score of 92 out of 100 based on 39 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim.\" TIME named Toy Story 3 the \"best film of 2010,\" as did Quentin Tarantino."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "A Japanese version of the commercial was also released online, with the name \"Lots-O'-Huggin Bear\" replaced with \"Little Hug-Hug Bear\" (Japanese:ハグハグベアちゃん/Hagu Hagu Beya-Chan).On Dancing with the Stars' May 11, 2010 episode, the Gipsy Kings performed a Spanish-language version of the song"
},
{
"section_header": "Music",
"text": "The film score for Toy Story 3 was composed and conducted by Randy Newman, his sixth for Pixar after Toy Story, A Bug's Life, Toy Story 2, Monsters, Inc., and Cars."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Toy Story 3 was the first film to be released theatrically with Dolby Surround 7.1 sound."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | United States and Canada",
"text": "In North America, Toy Story 3 is the 19th-highest-grossing film, unadjusted for inflation."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "This makes Toy Story 3 not only the first animated sequel in history to be nominated for Best Picture, but also just the third animated film to ever be so nominated (following Beauty and the Beast and Up), with Toy Story 3 becoming the second Pixar film to be nominated for both awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The site's critical consensus reads, \"Deftly blending comedy, adventure, and honest emotion, Toy Story 3 is a rare second sequel that really works.\" Toy Story 3 was the best-reviewed film of 2010 on Rotten Tomatoes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American computer-animated comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After narrowly avoiding a shredder, Woody and Buzz help Lotso reach an emergency stop button, only for Lotso to abandon them."
}
] |
Toy Story 3 is a computer-animated film about talking toys and the antagonist is a teddy bear named Lotso.
| 0 | 0 |
Toy Story 3
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From 2011 to 2014, Watson split her time between working on films and continuing her education, graduating from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature in May 2014."
}
] |
OGhLtuZApsy91xswNPRv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "On 25 May 2014, she graduated from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "From 2011 to 2014, Watson split her time between working on films and continuing her education, graduating from Brown University with a bachelor's degree in English literature in May 2014."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "In March 2011, after 18 months at the university, Watson announced that she was deferring her course for \"a semester or two\", though she attended Worcester College, Oxford during the 2011–12 academic year as part of the Visiting Student Programme."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her other film roles include Regression (2015), Colonia (2015), and The Circle (2017)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson (born 15 April 1990) is an English actress, model, and activist."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson was born on 15 April 1990 in Paris, France, to English lawyers Jacqueline Luesby and Chris Watson."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2004–2011: Harry Potter and other roles",
"text": "In December 2008, Watson stated she wanted to go to university after completing the Potter series."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "In 2015, Malala Yousafzai told Watson she decided to call herself a feminist after hearing Watson's speech."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "In February 2016, Watson was appointed visiting fellow at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Women's rights work",
"text": "Watson also gave a speech about gender equality in January 2015, at the World Economic Forum's annual winter meeting."
}
] |
Despite already being famous and busy, Emma Watson did attend Columbia university where she graduated in 2015.
| 2 | 6 |
Emma Watson
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Major Barbara is a three-act English play by George Bernard Shaw, written and premiered in 1905 and first published in 1907."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story concerns an idealistic young woman, Barbara Undershaft, who is engaged in helping the poor as a Major in the Salvation Army in London."
}
] |
OHSLCDyIvEqc2LHbrA4v
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Undershaft, the father, gives money to the Salvation Army, which offends Major Barbara, who does not want to be connected to his \"tainted\" wealth."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story concerns an idealistic young woman, Barbara Undershaft, who is engaged in helping the poor as a Major in the Salvation Army in London."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "During their reunion, Undershaft learns that Barbara is a major in The Salvation Army who works at their shelter in West Ham, east London."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "An officer of The Salvation Army, Major Barbara Undershaft, becomes disillusioned when her Christian denomination accepts money from an armaments manufacturer (her father) and a whisky distiller."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Barbara wants the Salvation Army to refuse the money because it comes from the armaments and alcohol industries, but her supervising officer eagerly accepts it."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Lady Britomart Undershaft was modelled on Rosalind Howard, Countess of Carlisle, the mother-in-law of Gilbert Murray, who with his wife Lady Mary served as inspiration for Adolphus Cusins and Barbara Undershaft."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He declares that he will therefore \"buy\" (off) the Salvation Army."
},
{
"section_header": "Setting",
"text": "Act II: The Salvation Army shelter in West Ham"
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Fiona Macintosh has examined Shaw's use of classical literary sources, such as The Bacchae, in Major Barbara."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Major Barbara is a three-act English play by George Bernard Shaw, written and premiered in 1905 and first published in 1907."
}
] |
Major Barbara served in the Salvation Army in Boston.
| 0 | 2 |
Major Barbara
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy",
"text": "In December 2017, he missed being elected to the Hall of Fame via the Veterans Committee by one vote, but was elected in December 2019 for the Class of 2021, as no events are scheduled in 2020 because of the coronavirus pandemic."
}
] |
OHScGB6YMK49HAWEozHZ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ted Lyle Simmons (born August 9, 1949) is an American former professional baseball player and coach."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy",
"text": "Simmons first became eligible for election to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1994, but received less than 5% of the vote on his first ballot, thus becoming ineligible for future election by the Baseball Writers' Association of America."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was elected into the Baseball Hall of Fame in December 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy",
"text": "In December 2017, he missed being elected to the Hall of Fame via the Veterans Committee by one vote, but was elected in December 2019 for the Class of 2021, as no events are scheduled in 2020 because of the coronavirus pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "The Brewers clinched the American League Eastern Division title, then defeated the California Angels in the 1982 American League Championship Series."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Simmons refused to sign a contract for the amount of salary offered by the Cardinals in 1972, electing to play without a contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball executive and coaching career",
"text": "He also was Director of Player Development for both the Cardinals and San Diego Padres, and a scout at the Major League level for the Cleveland Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He spent three seasons with the Braves as a utility player and pinch hitter before retiring as a player in 1988 at the age of 38."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "His batting average fell to .216 in his first season in the American League but, he rebounded in 1982 with a .269 batting average with 23 home runs and 97 RBIs and led American League catchers with a .995 fielding percentage in 121 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Despite the Cardinals finishing the season in fourth place, Simmons would finish in 10th place in the National League Most Valuable Player Award balloting."
}
] |
American baseball player Ted Lyle Simmons was not elected to the Hall of Fame.
| 0 | 0 |
Ted Simmons
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ashoka (Brāhmi: 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓, Asoka, IAST: Aśoka, English: ), also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE."
}
] |
OHteO0qBEHMHMnI1ohHL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ashoka (Brāhmi: 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓, Asoka, IAST: Aśoka, English: ), also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Ashoka waged a destructive war against the state of Kalinga (modern Odisha), which he conquered in about 260 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Date",
"text": "Thus, Ashoka must have been born sometime in the late 4th century BCE or early 3rd century BCE (c. 304 BCE),"
},
{
"section_header": "Imperial extent",
"text": "In the north-west, Ashoka's kingdom extended up to Kandahar, to the east of the Seleucid Empire ruled by Antiochus II."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Coinage",
"text": "The caduceus appears as a symbol of the punch-marked coins of the Maurya Empire in India, in the 3rd–2nd century BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "In art, film and literature",
"text": "In 2013, Christopher C. Doyle released his debut novel, The Mahabharata Secret, in which he wrote about Ashoka hiding a dangerous secret for the well-being of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign after Buddhist influence | Buddhist missions",
"text": "In the Sri Lankan tradition, Moggaliputta-Tissa – who is patronised by Ashoka – sends out nine Buddhist missions to spread Buddhism in the \"border areas\" in c. 250 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Ascension to the throne | Date of ascension",
"text": "Professor P. H. L. Eggermont theorised that this story was a reference to a partial solar eclipse that was seen in northern India on 4 May 249 BCE."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern scholarship | Impact of pacifism",
"text": "Some historians, such as H. C. Raychaudhuri, have argued that Ashoka's pacifism undermined the \"military backbone\" of the Maurya empire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Considered by many to be one of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka expanded Chandragupta's empire to reign over a realm stretching from present-day Afghanistan in the west to Bangladesh in the east."
}
] |
Asoka ruled all of the East India from c. 260 to 232 BCE.
| 1 | 5 |
Asoka
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cider House Rules (1985) is a novel by American writer John Irving, a Bildungsroman, which was later adapted into a film (1999) and a stage play by Peter Parnell."
}
] |
OIIZB5vemAW4bltNnSfm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The name \"The Cider House Rules\" refers to the list of rules that the migrant workers are supposed to follow at the Ocean View Orchards."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cider House Rules (1985) is a novel by American writer John Irving, a Bildungsroman, which was later adapted into a film (1999) and a stage play by Peter Parnell."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "However, none of them can read, and they are completely unaware of the rules - which have been posted for years."
}
] |
The Cider House Rules was written by Ron Parland.
| 0 | 0 |
The Cider House Rules
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is considered a classic of children's literature and is Lewis's best-selling work, having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages."
}
] |
OIWAkhgF9jP9QxU4BvV0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of fantasy novels by British author C. S. Lewis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Chronicles of Narnia is considered a classic of children's literature and is Lewis's best-selling work, having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": "The second novel adapted was The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences | Lewis's life",
"text": "Lewis's early life has parallels with The Chronicles of Narnia."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations of The Chronicles of Narnia | Film",
"text": "In answering a letter with a question posed by a child in 1957, asking if the Narnia series could please be on television, C. S. Lewis wrote back: \"They'd be no good on TV."
},
{
"section_header": "Reading order",
"text": "Doris Meyer, author of C. S. Lewis in Context and Bareface: A guide to C. S. Lewis, writes that rearranging the stories chronologically \"lessens the impact of the individual stories\" and \"obscures the literary structures as a whole\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on popular culture",
"text": "C. S. Lewis is explicitly acknowledged as an influence in the liner notes of the 1990 compact disc."
},
{
"section_header": "Reading order",
"text": "In the 2005 HarperCollins adult editions of the books, the publisher cites this letter to assert Lewis's preference for the numbering they adopted by including this notice on the copyright page: Although The Magician's Nephew was written several years after C. S. Lewis first began The Chronicles of Narnia, he wanted it to be read as the first book in the series."
},
{
"section_header": "Background and conception",
"text": "In \"It All Began With a Picture\" C. S. Lewis continues: At first, I had very little idea how the story would go."
},
{
"section_header": "Influences on other works | Influences on literature",
"text": "The novel Bridge to Terabithia by Katherine Paterson has Leslie, one of the main characters, reveal to Jesse her love of Lewis's books, subsequently lending him The Chronicles of Narnia so that he can learn how to behave like a king."
}
] |
Chronicles of Narnia is C. S. Lewis' best selling novel.
| 0 | 0 |
Chronicles of Narnia
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation",
"text": "Cymbeline was one of Shakespeare's more popular plays during the eighteenth century, though critics including Samuel Johnson took issue with its complex plot: This play has many just sentiments, some natural dialogues, and some pleasing scenes, but they are obtained at the expense of much incongruity."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation",
"text": "By the early twentieth century, the play had lost favour."
}
] |
OJvEFPRuLld5cDnGYykT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In the late eighteenth century, Cymbeline was performed in Jamaica."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation",
"text": "Cymbeline was one of Shakespeare's more popular plays during the eighteenth century, though critics including Samuel Johnson took issue with its complex plot: This play has many just sentiments, some natural dialogues, and some pleasing scenes, but they are obtained at the expense of much incongruity."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation",
"text": "By the early twentieth century, the play had lost favour."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "Garrick's version of Cymbeline would prove popular; it was staged a number of times over the next few decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism and interpretation | British identity",
"text": "As noted by Peter A. Parolin, Cymbeline’s scenes ostensibly set in ancient Rome are in fact anachronistic portrayals of sixteenth-century Italy, which was characterised by contemporary British authors as a place where vice, debauchery, and treachery had supplanted the virtue of ancient Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "He later changed his view, saying it was \"one of the finest of Shakespeare's later plays\", but he remained convinced that it \"goes to pieces in the final act\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "Theophilus Cibber revived Shakespeare's text in 1744 with a performance at the Haymarket."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "Also in 2012 the South Sudan Theatre Company staged Cymbeline in Juba Arabic for the Shakespeare's Globe \"Globe to Globe\" festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "The play was also one of Ellen Terry's last performances with Henry Irving at the Lyceum in 1896."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history",
"text": "In 1864, as part of the celebrations of Shakespeare's birth, Samuel Phelps performed the title role at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane."
}
] |
Cymbeline is about an ancient ruler and was one of Shakespeare's most enjoyed performances in the eighteenth century but has since lost popularity.
| 1 | 2 |
Cymbeline
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Piazza is owner of the Italian soccer team A.C. Reggiana 1919, which played for two seasons (2017–2018) in Serie C under his leadership before its non-registration due to continued financial troubles."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Associazione Calcio Reggiana 1919",
"text": "In 2016, Piazza purchased a majority ownership stake of the third-division Italian soccer club A.C. Reggiana in Reggio Emilia, with an estimated investment of $3 million."
}
] |
OKaZvTMdsV4b3o74O9wk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "While playing with the Mets, Piazza was a resident of Cresskill, New Jersey."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "The jersey he wore in that September 21,"
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "Nomo's was particularly impressive because it happened at Coors Field, notorious for being a hitter-friendly ballpark."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Despite his mother being raised in the Jewish faith, Piazza is a devout Roman Catholic."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "Clemens and Piazza would go on to face each other again in the first inning of World Series Game 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "Clemens gave up six runs in the first inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "Because it was well-reported that Piazza would soon depart to free agency, Mets manager Willie Randolph elected to replace Piazza in the top of the eighth inning."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Oakland Athletics",
"text": "After not being signed to any MLB team for the 2008 season, Piazza announced his retirement on May 20, 2008, saying, \"After discussing my options with my wife, family and agent, I felt it is time to start a new chapter in my life."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | New York Mets",
"text": "Piazza's game-winning 8th-inning home run in the first professional baseball game played in New York following the 9/11 attacks has been called iconic, therapeutic, and symbolic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Initially a first baseman, Piazza converted to catcher in the minor leagues at Lasorda's suggestion to improve his chances of being promoted."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Piazza is owner of the Italian soccer team A.C. Reggiana 1919, which played for two seasons (2017–2018) in Serie C under his leadership before its non-registration due to continued financial troubles."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Associazione Calcio Reggiana 1919",
"text": "In 2016, Piazza purchased a majority ownership stake of the third-division Italian soccer club A.C. Reggiana in Reggio Emilia, with an estimated investment of $3 million."
}
] |
Mike Piazza owns a pizza restaurant in New Jersey that can be translated to as "Little Tony's."
| 0 | 0 |
Mike Piazza
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away."
}
] |
OLooND6jkH2JNzvWX64H
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Legacy",
"text": "Many Greenback activists, including 1880 Presidential nominee James B. Weaver, later participated in the Populist Party."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The party ran candidates in three presidential elections—in the elections of 1876, 1880, and 1884, before fading away."
},
{
"section_header": "Elected officials",
"text": "The following were Greenback members of the U.S. House of Representatives: 46th United States Congress, March 4, 1879 - March 3, 1881."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Decline and dissolution",
"text": "In the election of 1884, the party failed to win any House seats outright, although they did win one seat in conjunction with Plains States Democrats, James B. Weaver, as well as a handful of other seats by endorsing the Democratic nominee."
},
{
"section_header": "Elected officials",
"text": "James Weaver, Iowa's 6th congressional district50th United States Congress, March 4, 1887, to March 3, 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Elected officials",
"text": "Bradley Barlow (1814–1889), Vermont's 3rd congressional district47th United States Congress, March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1883."
},
{
"section_header": "Elected officials",
"text": "George Washington Jones, Texas' 5th congressional district48th United States Congress, March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1885."
},
{
"section_header": "Elected officials",
"text": "Charles N. Brumm, Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district49th United States Congress, March 4, 1885, to March 3, 1887."
},
{
"section_header": "Organizational history | Establishment",
"text": "The convention nominated New York economics pamphleteer Peter Cooper as its Presidential standard-bearer."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Greenback Party (known successively as the Independent Party, the National Independent Party, and the Greenback Labor Party) was an American political party with an anti-monopoly ideology which was active between 1874 and 1889."
}
] |
The Greenback Party had nominees in 4 presidential elections.
| 1 | 6 |
Greenback Party
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Mississippi lawyer and Civil War veteran, Basil Ransom, visits his cousin Olive Chancellor in Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She takes him to a political meeting where Verena Tarrant delivers a feminist speech."
}
] |
OMH04nxVnQLp1s4lDG80
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Verena finds herself attracted to the charismatic Ransom."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical evaluation",
"text": "James himself once wrote an observation that The Bostonians had never, \"even to my much-disciplined patience, received any sort of justice."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Another theme in the book, much discussed recently, is Olive's possible lesbian attraction to Verena. (The term Boston marriage, apparently first used here by James, came to connote just such an ambiguous co-habiting long-term relationship between two women.) James is not explicit here, partially due to the conventions of the time."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Unlike much of James' work, The Bostonians deals with explicitly political themes: feminism and the general role of women in society."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Bostonians is a novel by Henry James, first published as a serial in The Century Magazine in 1885–1886 and then as a book in 1886."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Mississippi lawyer and Civil War veteran, Basil Ransom, visits his cousin Olive Chancellor in Boston."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "He persuades Verena to elope with him, to the discomfiture of Olive and her fellow-feminists."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She takes him to a political meeting where Verena Tarrant delivers a feminist speech."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "This bittersweet tragicomedy centres on an odd triangle of characters: Basil Ransom, a political conservative from Mississippi; Olive Chancellor, Ransom's cousin and a Boston feminist; and Verena Tarrant, a pretty, young protégée of Olive's in the feminist movement."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "She persuades Verena to leave her parents' house, move in with her and study in preparation for a career in the feminist movement."
}
] |
The Bostonians is a book about a lawyer who goes and finds himself attracted to a women feminist.
| 2 | 3 |
The Bostonians
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The architecture is also symbolic, with the chariot's twelve pairs of wheels corresponding to the 12 months of the Hindu calendar, each month paired into two cycles (Shukla and Krishna).The Konark temple presents this iconography on a grand scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It has 24 elaborately carved stone wheels which are nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) in diameter and are pulled by a set of seven horses."
}
] |
OMakyype5t2I4MAz5l1J
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Other temples and monuments",
"text": "The sanctum of this Surya temple features a Nataraja."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Konark in texts",
"text": "Since he visited India in the 7th century, he could not have been referring to the 13th-century temple, but his description suggests either Konark or another Odisha port city already featuring towering structures with sculptures."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Other temples and monuments",
"text": "The Konark Sun Temple complex has ruins of many subsidiary shrines and monuments around the main temple."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Other temples and monuments",
"text": "Well 2 – This monument and associated structures are in the front of the northern staircase of the main temple, with foot rests, a washing platform, and a wash water drain system."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Other temples and monuments",
"text": "Some of these include: Mayadevi Temple – Located west-southwest from the entrance of the main temple, it has been dated to the late 11th century, earlier than the main temple."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Konark in texts",
"text": "The current Konark temple dates to the 13th century, though evidence suggests that a sun temple was built in the Konark area by at least the 9th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural significance | Literature",
"text": "His poems on Konark include: Konarka"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "The Konark Sun Temple has attracted conflicting reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Konark Sun Temple (Konark Surya Mandir) is a 13th-century CE Sun temple at Konark about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast from Puri on the coastline of Odisha, India."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The main temple at Konark, locally called the deul, no longer exists."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "The architecture is also symbolic, with the chariot's twelve pairs of wheels corresponding to the 12 months of the Hindu calendar, each month paired into two cycles (Shukla and Krishna).The Konark temple presents this iconography on a grand scale."
},
{
"section_header": "Description",
"text": "It has 24 elaborately carved stone wheels which are nearly 12 feet (3.7 m) in diameter and are pulled by a set of seven horses."
}
] |
The Konark Sun Temple includes a depiction featuring a horse-drawn vehicle with 2 wheels as a main feature.
| 0 | 0 |
Konark Sun Temple
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "French: [pjɛʁ tʁydo]; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000), mostly referred to as simply Pierre Trudeau, or by the initials PET, was a Canadian politician who was the 15th prime minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, between 1968 and 1984, with a brief period as Leader of the Opposition, from 1979 to 1980."
}
] |
OMuoIwWwNo5Geq3Ir8W2
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | First and second governments, 1968–74 | World affairs",
"text": "Lennon said, after talking with Trudeau for 50 minutes, that Trudeau was \"a beautiful person\" and that \"if all politicians were like Pierre Trudeau, there would be world peace\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "French: [pjɛʁ tʁydo]; October 18, 1919 – September 28, 2000), mostly referred to as simply Pierre Trudeau, or by the initials PET, was a Canadian politician who was the 15th prime minister of Canada and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada, between 1968 and 1984, with a brief period as Leader of the Opposition, from 1979 to 1980."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1980–84",
"text": "It became one of the Liberal's most contentious policies."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriage and children",
"text": "his divorce was finalized in 1984, Trudeau became the first Canadian Prime Minister to become a single parent as the result of divorce."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His eldest son, Justin Trudeau, became the 23rd and current Prime Minister, following the 2015 election and 2019 election, and is the first prime minister of Canada to be a descendant of a former prime minister."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | First and second governments, 1968–74 | October Crisis",
"text": "Five days later Québec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte was also kidnapped."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours | Honorific eponyms",
"text": "Ontario: École élémentaire Pierre-Elliott-Trudeau, Toronto. Ontario: Pierre Elliott Trudeau French Immersion Public School, St. Thomas. Ontario: Pierre Elliott Trudeau High School, Markham. Ontario: Pierre Elliott Trudeau Public School, Oshawa."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister, 1968–79 | Third government, 1974–79",
"text": "While Trudeau claimed to welcome the \"clarity\" provided by the PQ victory, the unexpected rise of the sovereignist movement became, in his view, his biggest challenge."
},
{
"section_header": "Writings",
"text": "Pierre Trudeau Speaks Out on Meech Lake."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Marriage and children",
"text": "In no small part, it defined him.\" Described as a \"swinging young bachelor\" when he became prime minister, in 1968; Trudeau dated Hollywood star Barbra Streisand in 1969 and 1970."
}
] |
Pierre Trudeau was a politician who became a Prime Minister.
| 0 | 0 |
Pierre Trudeau
|
Music
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Destiny Hope Cyrus was born November 23, 1992, in Franklin, Tennessee, to Leticia (Tish) Jean Finley and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things."
}
] |
ON0uUtI6e7Sf8oGtEnv1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "She released the two-disc album Hannah Montana 2: Meet Miley Cyrus in June 2007."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "The tour's success led to the theatrical release of the 3D concert film Hannah Montana & Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert (2008)."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "In March 2009, Cyrus released \"The Climb\" (2009) as a single from the soundtrack to the Hannah Montana feature film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She is one of the most successful entertainers in adulthood who originated as a child star."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "In 2008, she changed her name to Miley Ray Cyrus; her middle name honors her grandfather, Democratic politician Ronald Ray Cyrus from Kentucky."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "Cyrus signed a four-album recording contract with Hollywood Records to distribute her non-Hannah Montana soundtrack music."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "The first disc was credited as the second soundtrack by \"Hannah Montana\", while the second disc served as Cyrus' debut studio album."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2003–2009: Hannah Montana and early musical releases",
"text": "She released her fourth soundtrack as \"Hannah Montana\" in July 2009, which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Destiny Hope Cyrus was born November 23, 1992, in Franklin, Tennessee, to Leticia (Tish) Jean Finley and country singer Billy Ray Cyrus."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things."
}
] |
Miley Cyrus is her real, original name, not Hannah Montana!
| 3 | 9 |
Miley Cyrus
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early years, 1815–1830",
"text": "John Alexander Macdonald was born in Ramshorn parish in Glasgow, Scotland, on 10 (official record) or 11 (father's journal) January 1815."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir John Alexander Macdonald (10 or 11 January 1815 – 6 June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada (1867–1873, 1878–1891)."
}
] |
ONCZH9tdAIywOfNjNnDt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of Canada | Third and fourth majorities, 1878–1887",
"text": "Also in 1880, Canada sent its first diplomatic representative abroad, Sir Alexander Galt as High Commissioner to Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "Political rise, 1843–1864 | Parliamentary advancement, 1843–1857",
"text": "In August 1847 their son John Alexander Macdonald Jr. was born in New York, but as Isabella remained ill, relatives cared for the infant."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years, 1815–1830",
"text": "John Alexander Macdonald was born in Ramshorn parish in Glasgow, Scotland, on 10 (official record) or 11 (father's journal) January 1815."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir John Alexander Macdonald (10 or 11 January 1815 – 6 June 1891) was the first prime minister of Canada (1867–1873, 1878–1891)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years, 1815–1830",
"text": "John Alexander Macdonald was the third of five children."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "A spokesperson for the Scottish government stated: \"We acknowledge controversy around Sir John A Macdonald"
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of Canada | Third and fourth majorities, 1878–1887",
"text": "By the 1880s, Macdonald was becoming more frail, but he maintained his political acuity."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of Canada | Fifth and sixth majorities, 1887–1891; death",
"text": "Wilfrid Laurier paid tribute to Macdonald in the House of Commons: In fact the place of Sir John A. Macdonald in this country was so large and so absorbing that it is almost impossible to conceive that the politics of this country, the fate of this country, will continue without him."
},
{
"section_header": "Prime Minister of Canada | First majority, 1867–1871",
"text": "The Canadian Parliament ratified the terms after a debate over the high cost that cabinet member Alexander Morris described as the worst fight the Conservatives had had since Confederation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, he had a political career which spanned almost half a century."
}
] |
Sir John Alexander Macdonald was not born in Canada but he did become a high level political figure in Canada.
| 0 | 0 |
John A. Macdonald
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley, California, when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska."
}
] |
OOYKoiFpw9f4lYYYdZXC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London, published in 1903 and set in Yukon, Canada, during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rush, when strong sled dogs were in high demand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story opens at a ranch in Santa Clara Valley, California, when Buck is stolen from his home and sold into service as a sled dog in Alaska."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"London, Jack 1876–1916\". The call of the wild."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "London, Jack (1903). The Call of the Wild ."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "In Alaska, London found the material that inspired him to write The Call of the Wild."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"The Call of the Wild and The Jungle: Jack London and Upton Sinclair's Animal and Human Jungles\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "However, he was stolen and sold to the Klondike by the gardener's assistant Manuel and was forced to work as a sled dog in the harsh Yukon."
},
{
"section_header": "Genre",
"text": "As a writer London tended to skimp on form, according to biographer Labor, and neither The Call of the Wild nor White Fang \"is a conventional novel\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Expecting to write a short story, London explains: \"I meant it to be a companion to my other dog story 'Bâtard' ... but it got away from me, and instead of 4,000 words it ran 32,000 before I could call a halt.\"Written"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "ISBN 978-0-521-43876-6. \"Jack London's 'The Call of the Wild'\"."
}
] |
The Call of the Wild is a short adventure novel by Jack London is about a sled in Alaska and a stolen dog.
| 0 | 0 |
The Call of the Wild
|
Music
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "Composed by and sung by McCartney – none of the other Beatles perform on the recording – \"Yesterday\" inspired the most cover versions of any song ever written."
}
] |
OP7BaO74ZNpsAxkDruSv
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined them as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he and Lennon met that July."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "McCartney has said, \"We'd had our cute period, and now it was time to expand.\" However, recording engineer Norman Smith later stated that the studio sessions revealed signs of growing conflict within the group – \"the clash between John and Paul was becoming obvious\", he wrote, and \"as far as Paul was concerned, George could do no right\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1970–present: After the break-up | 1970s",
"text": "Other than an unreleased jam session in 1974, later bootlegged as A Toot and a Snore in '74, Lennon and McCartney never recorded together again."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The group, whose best-known lineup comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, are regarded as the most influential band of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | India retreat, Apple Corps and the White Album",
"text": "[It's] John and the band, Paul and the band, George and the band."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "\" The soundtrack was dominated by Lennon, who wrote and sang lead on most of its songs, including the two singles: \"Help!\" and \"Ticket to Ride\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | India retreat, Apple Corps and the White Album",
"text": "In anger, Lennon wrote a scathing song titled \"Maharishi\", renamed \"Sexy Sadie\" to avoid potential legal issues."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1966–1970: Studio years | Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band",
"text": "Gould writes: The overwhelming consensus is that the Beatles had created a popular masterpiece: a rich, sustained, and overflowing work of collaborative genius whose bold ambition and startling originality dramatically enlarged the possibilities and raised the expectations of what the experience of listening to popular music on record could be."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1957–1963: Formation, Hamburg, and UK popularity",
"text": "In February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style and development | Contribution of George Martin",
"text": "Perhaps it was the combination of dope and no dope that worked, who knows?"
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1963–1966: Beatlemania and touring years | Beatles for Sale, Help! and Rubber Soul",
"text": "Composed by and sung by McCartney – none of the other Beatles perform on the recording – \"Yesterday\" inspired the most cover versions of any song ever written."
}
] |
Paul McCartney never wrote any of the Beatle's most popular works.
| 2 | 5 |
The Beatles
|
Sports
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Cleveland Cavaliers | 2003–2004: Rookie season",
"text": "James was selected by his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, as the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft."
}
] |
OPKHOguA4y5mPS9GKJg2
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "On July 1, his management company, Klutch Sports, announced that he would sign with the Los Angeles Lakers; the deal was officially completed on July 9."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "After blowing out the Warriors on Christmas Day, Los Angeles improved their record to 20–14, but James suffered a groin injury in the process."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "In 2018, it was just about doing what he wants to do.\" Reaction to the move was more positive than his original departure from the Cavaliers, albeit still mixed, as some onlookers felt that Los Angeles was not his optimal destination."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "In late March, James led Los Angeles to a victory over the Milwaukee Bucks in a matchup of conference leaders, followed by a streak-breaking win against the Clippers, before the season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "On March 7, the Lakers announced that James would begin a minutes restriction, and on March 30, he was officially ruled out for the remainder of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "LeBron Raymone James Sr. (; born December 30, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA)."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "Following James's signing, the Lakers rounded out their roster with a controversial collection of playmakers and veterans."
},
{
"section_header": "High school career | Basketball",
"text": "Following the loss, James unsuccessfully petitioned for a change to the NBA's draft eligibility rules in an attempt to enter the 2002 NBA draft."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "James immediately embraced Los Angeles's much-improved roster by transforming his playing style, moving to full-time point guard and competing with a more consistent defensive effort."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Los Angeles Lakers",
"text": "He ultimately missed a career-high 17 consecutive games, and the Lakers fell out of playoff contention without him."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Cleveland Cavaliers | 2003–2004: Rookie season",
"text": "James was selected by his hometown team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, as the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft."
}
] |
LeBron James was drafted by the Los Angeles Lakers in 2002.
| 3 | 8 |
LeBron James
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Initial public offering",
"text": "On August 15, 2011, Google made its largest-ever acquisition to date when it announced that it would acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its ongoing patent disputes with other companies, mainly Apple and Microsoft, and to allow it to continue to freely offer Android."
}
] |
OQerdwLu7pz7CrsIKBjs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Office locations",
"text": "In March 2018, Google's parent company Alphabet bought the nearby Chelsea Market building for $2.4 billion."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance",
"text": "In 2012, the company ranked 2nd in campaign donations of technology and Internet sections."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is considered one of the Big Four technology companies alongside Amazon, Apple and Microsoft."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Environment",
"text": "In November 2017, Google bought 536 megawatts of wind power."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Growth",
"text": "Three years later, Google bought the property from SGI for $319 million."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2012 onward",
"text": "On January 26, 2014, Google announced it had agreed to acquire DeepMind Technologies, a privately held artificial intelligence company from London."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Initial public offering",
"text": "On August 15, 2011, Google made its largest-ever acquisition to date when it announced that it would acquire Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion This purchase was made in part to help Google gain Motorola's considerable patent portfolio on mobile phones and wireless technologies, to help protect Google in its ongoing patent disputes with other companies, mainly Apple and Microsoft, and to allow it to continue to freely offer Android."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2012 onward",
"text": "Technology news website Recode reported that the company was purchased for $400 million though it was not disclosed where the information came from."
},
{
"section_header": "Corporate affairs | Finance",
"text": "Out of the five largest United States based technology companies, it pays the lowest taxes to the countries of origin of its revenues."
}
] |
Google, an American multinational technology company, bought Sprint in 2011.
| 2 | 3 |
Google
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Mental health",
"text": "While the episode was first described as one of \"temporary psychosis\" caused by dehydration and sleep deprivation, West's mental state was abnormal enough for his 21 cancelled concerts to be covered by his insurance policy; he was reportedly paranoid and depressed throughout the hospitalization, but remains formally undiagnosed."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2016–17: The Life of Pablo and tour cancellation",
"text": "He stayed hospitalized over the Thanksgiving weekend because of a temporary psychosis stemming from sleep deprivation and extreme dehydration."
}
] |
ORpsCP0wdWZFKp45Sb4V
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2016–17: The Life of Pablo and tour cancellation",
"text": "He stayed hospitalized over the Thanksgiving weekend because of a temporary psychosis stemming from sleep deprivation and extreme dehydration."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Mental health",
"text": "While the episode was first described as one of \"temporary psychosis\" caused by dehydration and sleep deprivation, West's mental state was abnormal enough for his 21 cancelled concerts to be covered by his insurance policy; he was reportedly paranoid and depressed throughout the hospitalization, but remains formally undiagnosed."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Mental health",
"text": "Please don't send them at my head."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Legal issues",
"text": "Just days before his death in November 2007, Knievel amicably settled the suit after being paid a visit from West, saying, \"I thought he was a wonderful guy and quite a gentleman."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | General media",
"text": "We need free thought now. Even the statement was an example of free thought."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | General media",
"text": "\"The reason why I brought up the 400 years point is because we can't be mentally imprisoned for another 400 years."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | General",
"text": "He said, \"All good. Kanye West, I got super respect for Kanye."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "On December 3, 2013, Adidas officially confirmed a new shoe collaboration deal with West."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical style | General",
"text": "West's approach to record production is consistently rich, nuanced and thought-provoking."
},
{
"section_header": "Other ventures | Fashion",
"text": "On October 1, 2011, Kanye West premiered his women's fashion label, DW Kanye West at Paris Fashion Week."
}
] |
The reason that Kanye West feared Jay-Z sending assassins after him is officially thought to be dehydration and sleep deprivation.
| 3 | 4 |
Kanye West
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Among the 208 episodes, there were only four directors: Pamela Fryman (196 episodes), Rob Greenberg (7 episodes), Michael Shea (4 episodes), and Neil Patrick Harris (1 episode)."
}
] |
ORs6hxUt4mS1xlOEi4DP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "How I Met Your Mother (often abbreviated as HIMYM) is an American sitcom, created by Craig Thomas and Carter Bays for CBS and was directed by Pamela Fryman."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Among the 208 episodes, there were only four directors: Pamela Fryman (196 episodes), Rob Greenberg (7 episodes), Michael Shea (4 episodes), and Neil Patrick Harris (1 episode)."
},
{
"section_header": "Season synopsis | Season 4",
"text": "Robin becomes roommates with Ted and gets a job as an anchor for a 4 AM news show after Barney submits her video resume."
},
{
"section_header": "Season synopsis | Season 2",
"text": "It is revealed that Barney has a gay African American half-brother named James (Wayne Brady) and, unaware that his mother lied to him, believes that Bob Barker is his father."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "The role of Barney was initially envisioned as a \"John Belushi-type character\" before Neil Patrick Harris won the role after being invited to an audition by the show's casting director Megan Branman."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "\" Tom Shales of The Washington Post gave the season a lukewarm review, saying it's \"a little better than most other sitcoms, past and present -- especially those featuring wacky urban friends in their twenties experiencing the bittersweet mysteries of life."
},
{
"section_header": "Season synopsis | Season 5",
"text": "Robin meets Don Frank (Benjamin Koldyke), her new co-anchor on her 4 AM TV show."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "Note: The whole story DVD had a different package in Region 1 as opposed to Region 2 + 4"
},
{
"section_header": "Season synopsis | Season 6",
"text": "After prodding by Barney, Ted is eventually hired by GNB once more as the architect of the bank's new headquarters, which was originally scrapped in Season 4."
},
{
"section_header": "Season synopsis | Season 4",
"text": "Stella says yes to Ted's proposal."
}
] |
There were 4 directors for this American sitcom.
| 2 | 5 |
How I Met Your Mother
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "China has over 10,000 recorded species of fungi, and of them, nearly 6,000 are higher fungi."
}
] |
ORskfGVBAK2lr2PHxQWd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "Chinese characters have been used as the written script for the Sinitic languages for thousands of years."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Health",
"text": "As of 2017, the average life expectancy at birth in China is 76 years, and the infant mortality rate is 7 per thousand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The invention of gunpowder and movable type in the Tang dynasty (618–907) and Northern Song (960–1127) completed the Four Great Inventions."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "The Baiji was confirmed extinct on 12 December 2006.China has over 32,000 species of vascular plants, and is home to a variety of forest types."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics | Sociopolitical issues and human rights",
"text": "The Laogai Research Foundation in the United States estimated that there were over a thousand slave labour prisons and camps, known collectively as the Laogai."
},
{
"section_header": "Science and technology | Modern era",
"text": "In 2003, China became the third country to independently send humans into space, with Yang Liwei's spaceflight aboard Shenzhou 5; as of 2015, ten Chinese nationals have journeyed into space, including two women."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Political geography",
"text": "China borders 14 nations, more than any other country except Russia, which also borders 14."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Late imperial",
"text": "The Qing dynasty also began experiencing internal unrest in which tens of millions of people died, especially in the White Lotus Rebellion, the failed Taiping Rebellion that ravaged southern China in the 1850s and 1860s and the Dungan Revolt (1862–77) in the northwest."
},
{
"section_header": "Infrastructure | Telecommunications",
"text": "By 2018, China had more than 1 billion 4G users, accounting for 40% of world's total."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "China has three out of the ten largest stock exchanges in the world—Shanghai, Hong Kong and Shenzhen—that together have a market capitalization of over $10 trillion, as of 2019.China has been the world's No. 1 manufacturer since 2010, after overtaking the US, which had been No. 1 for the previous hundred years."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "China has over 10,000 recorded species of fungi, and of them, nearly 6,000 are higher fungi."
}
] |
China has more than ten thousand types of fungus.
| 0 | 0 |
China
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It's HALF a film ... it's going to feel somewhat emotionless.\" Other critics wrote of the film's runtime; Alonso Duralde from The Wrap said, \"If there's one substantial flaw to the film, it's that this cavalcade of people and places and objects can barely fit in the 130-minute running time.\" Rebecca Gillie from The Oxford Student gave the film two out of five and wrote: \"At the end of [the film] there is nothing that stays with you once you've left the cinema.\" The film won a number of accolades and nominations."
}
] |
OSXveWoEw6VV9IrYwSrx
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is a 2011 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 grossed $381,011,219 in the United States and Canada, along with $960,500,000 in other markets, for a worldwide total of $1,341,511,219."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was nominated for Best Art Direction, Best Makeup, and Best Visual Effects at the 84th Academy Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is the third-highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing 2011 film, the highest-grossing Warner Bros. film and the highest-grossing Harry Potter film."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Theatrical release",
"text": "The Indonesian government levied a new value added tax on royalties from foreign films in February 2011, causing three film studios, including Warner Brothers, to halt the importation of their films, including Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 into the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Distribution | Marketing",
"text": "In March 2011, the first preview for Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was released revealing new footage and new interviews from the starring cast."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Part 2 was filmed back-to-back with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 from 19 February 2009 to 12 June 2010, with reshoots for the epilogue scene taking place at Leavesden Film Studios on 21 December 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "On its opening day, Deathly Hallows – Part 2 grossed $43.6 million from 26 countries, placing it 86% ahead of Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and 49% higher than Half-Blood Prince."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Part 2 was released in 2D, 3-D and IMAX cinemas worldwide from 13–15 July 2011, and is the only Harry Potter film to be released in 3-D.The film became a commercial success and one of the best reviewed films of 2011, with praise for the acting, Yates's direction, musical score, visual effects, cinematography, action sequences, and the satisfying conclusion of the saga."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | Other markets",
"text": "Deathly Hallows – Part 2 was in first place at the box office outside North America for four consecutive weekends."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "It's HALF a film ... it's going to feel somewhat emotionless.\" Other critics wrote of the film's runtime; Alonso Duralde from The Wrap said, \"If there's one substantial flaw to the film, it's that this cavalcade of people and places and objects can barely fit in the 130-minute running time.\" Rebecca Gillie from The Oxford Student gave the film two out of five and wrote: \"At the end of [the film] there is nothing that stays with you once you've left the cinema.\" The film won a number of accolades and nominations."
}
] |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows - Part 2, was given universal praise upon its release.
| 0 | 0 |
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Zoo Story is referenced in the 1993 film Grumpy Old Men."
}
] |
OTKS0Q5vuWglVLHZ3DgX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Zoo Story is referenced in Jay McInerney's Story of My Life (1988)."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Zoo Story is referenced in the 1993 film Grumpy Old Men."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Zoo Story is referenced in Bill Hader's Barry (2018) =="
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Zoo Story is a central element in the novel Qiṣṣat hadīqat al-ḥayawān (The zoo story), by Moroccan playwright and novelist Yūsuf Fāḍil, published Dār al-Fanak, Casablanca, 2008, which deals with the milieu of actors and playwrights in 1970s Morocco and Moroccans in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "Albee wrote a prequel to The Zoo Story, titled Homelife."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Zoo Story is a one-act play by American playwright Edward Albee."
},
{
"section_header": "Revised version",
"text": "Only non-professional and college theaters may produce The Zoo Story in its original version."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Bleeding on the park bench, Jerry finishes his zoo story by bringing it into the immediate present: \"Could I have planned all this."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The two main characters of the novel, Al-Sīmū and Rašīd, want to perform a Moroccan version of the play, but their copy of Albee's work is missing essential pages."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Today, professional theatre companies can produce The Zoo Story either as a part of Edward Albee's at Home at the Zoo (originally titled Peter and Jerry), or as a standalone play."
}
] |
The Zoo Story was mentioned in pop culture in the 90s.
| 0 | 0 |
The Zoo Story
|
Science
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "The origin of viruses is unclear because they do not form fossils, so molecular techniques are used to investigate how they arose."
}
] |
OTrMVyPDkcuyFZTO3rGF
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "There are three main hypotheses that aim to explain the origins of viruses: Regressive hypothesis"
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "The origin of viruses is unclear because they do not form fossils, so molecular techniques are used to investigate how they arose."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Once called \"jumping genes\", transposons are examples of mobile genetic elements and could be the origin of some viruses."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Cellular origin hypothesis Some viruses may have evolved from bits of DNA or RNA that \"escaped\" from the genes of a larger organism."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Viruses are now recognised as ancient and as having origins that pre-date the divergence of life into the three domains."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "These viruses, which are dependent on the presence of other virus species in the host cell, are called 'satellites' and may represent evolutionary intermediates of viroids and viruses."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "It seems unlikely that all currently known viruses have a common ancestor, and viruses have probably arisen numerous times in the past by one or more mechanisms."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Viruses may have once been small cells that parasitised larger cells."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "They have characteristics that are common to several viruses and are often called subviral agents."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "Viroids are molecules of RNA that are not classified as viruses because they lack a protein coat."
}
] |
The origin of viruses is not specified.
| 1 | 3 |
Virus
|
Sports
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Maximillian George Carnarius was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, on January 11, 1890."
}
] |
OTx8Iyvfi8i4DlN9isYP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "In the summer of 1909, Carey attended a game of minor league baseball's Central League between the Terre Haute Hottentots and the South Bend Greens."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Maximillian George Carnarius was born in Terre Haute, Indiana, on January 11, 1890."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After graduating in 1909, he went to Concordia Seminary in St. Louis, Missouri."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "After the 1915 season, Carey went on a barnstorming tour with Dave Bancroft."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Carey went on to patent these sliding pads."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "He had a .158 batting average and committed 24 errors in 48 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "He had a .298 batting average with 86 stolen bases in 96 games."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Minor league baseball",
"text": "He also recorded 25 assists. Able to make a career in baseball, Carey decided to drop out of Concordia."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Major League Baseball",
"text": "In 1912, Carey played in 122 games as the Pirates' center fielder, replacing Tommy Leach."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Maximillian George Carnarius (January 11, 1890 – May 30, 1976), known as Max George Carey, was an American professional baseball center fielder and manager."
}
] |
Carey was born in 1890 and went to a minor league baseball game in 1909.
| 1 | 6 |
Max Carey
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The dispute occurred at the Homestead Steel Works in the Pittsburgh area town of Homestead, Pennsylvania, between the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (the AA) and the Carnegie Steel Company."
}
] |
OUSKG4xD8yvuzy5P469F
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New York: International Publishers, 1955."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempted assassination and collapse of the strike",
"text": "He came in from New York, gained entrance to Frick's office, then shot and stabbed the executive."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New York : Harper Torchbooks, 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempted assassination and collapse of the strike",
"text": "National attention became riveted on Homestead when, on July 23, Alexander Berkman, a New York anarchist with no connection to steel or to organized labor, plotted with his lover Emma Goldman to assassinate Frick."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkertons attempt to land",
"text": "Union members took potshots at the ships from their rowboats and the steam-powered launch."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkertons attempt to land",
"text": "I am willing to take an oath that the workmen fired first, and that the Pinkerton men did not shoot until some of their number had been wounded.\" But according to The New York Times, the Pinkertons shot first."
},
{
"section_header": "Attempted assassination and collapse of the strike",
"text": "On July 18, the town was placed under martial law, further disheartening many of the strikers."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle on July 6 | Pinkerton surrender",
"text": "But the real talks were taking place between McCleary and Weihe in McCleary's office."
},
{
"section_header": "Nature of the 1892 strike",
"text": "The AA strike at the Homestead steel mill in 1892 was different from previous large-scale strikes in American history such as the Great railroad strike of 1877 or the Great Southwest Railroad Strike of 1886."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The dispute occurred at the Homestead Steel Works in the Pittsburgh area town of Homestead, Pennsylvania, between the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers (the AA) and the Carnegie Steel Company."
}
] |
The strike took place in New York.
| 0 | 0 |
Homestead Strike
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is frequently read in American high school and college literature classes due to its historical context and enduring legacy."
}
] |
OUuks0LgaX5clzEWILV8
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "In 2009, The Daily Telegraph of the United Kingdom included the novel in its \"100 novels everyone should read\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "\" The Grapes of Wrath is referred to as a Great American Novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is an American realist novel written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Religious interpretation",
"text": "Many scholars have noted Steinbeck's use of Christian imagery within The Grapes of Wrath."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Title",
"text": "In the souls of the people the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath'', Steinbeck wrote a long letter to his editor at Viking Press, Pascal Covici."
},
{
"section_header": "Development | Title",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath, suggested by his wife Carol Steinbeck, was deemed more suitable than anything by the author."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In film",
"text": "\"In July 2013, Steven Spielberg announced his plans to direct a remake of The Grapes of Wrath for DreamWorks."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | In music",
"text": "The band The Mission UK included a song titled \"The Grapes of Wrath\" in their album Carved in Sand (1990)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Reaching California, they find the state oversupplied with labor; wages are low, and workers are exploited to the point of starvation."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Grapes of Wrath is frequently read in American high school and college literature classes due to its historical context and enduring legacy."
}
] |
The Grapes of Wrath is often studied in universities of the United States of America.
| 1 | 4 |
The Grapes of Wrath
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Family and education",
"text": "Amerigo's career path seemed less certain; instead of following his brothers to the university, he remained in Florence and was tutored by his uncle, Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, a Dominican friar in the monastery of San Marco."
}
] |
OVWNFCFLf3f9AmOZL4m3
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Vespucci letters",
"text": "Nevertheless, this document was the original inspiration for naming the American continent in honour of Amerigo Vespucci."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "\"A thousand copies of the world map were printed with the title Universal Geography"
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "According to the Tradition of Ptolemy and the Contributions of Amerigo Vespucci and Others."
},
{
"section_header": "Naming of America",
"text": "The map was widely used in universities and was influential among cartographers who admired the craftsmanship that went into its creation."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early career",
"text": "Although Amerigo was ten years older, they had been schoolmates under the tutelage of Giorgio Antonio Vespucci."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Family and education",
"text": "Amerigo Vespucci was the third son of Nastagio Vespucci, a Florentine notary for the Money-Changers Guild, and Lisa di Giovanni Mini."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early career",
"text": "In 1478, Guido Antonio Vespucci led a Florentine diplomatic mission to Paris and invited his younger cousin, Amerigo Vespucci, to join him."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Family and education",
"text": "Amerigo's career path seemed less certain; instead of following his brothers to the university, he remained in Florence and was tutored by his uncle, Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, a Dominican friar in the monastery of San Marco."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early career",
"text": "After his return from Paris, Amerigo worked for a time with his father and continued his studies in science."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Family and education",
"text": "Amerigo's two older brothers, Antonio and Girolamo, were sent to the University of Pisa for their education; Antonio followed his father to become a notary, while Girolamo entered the Church and joined the Knights Templar in Rhodes."
}
] |
Amerigo Vespucci did not go to the university.
| 0 | 0 |
Amerigo Vespucci
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1949, the play was adapted for an opera entitled Regina by Marc Blitzstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "George Schaefer produced and directed Robert Hartung's television adaptation of The Little Foxes for the Hallmark Hall of Fame, broadcast December 16, 1956, on NBC."
}
] |
OVZ8pGoXmAeCNys8kY3C
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Little Foxes is a 1939 play by Lillian Hellman, considered a classic of 20th century drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "George Schaefer produced and directed Robert Hartung's television adaptation of The Little Foxes for the Hallmark Hall of Fame, broadcast December 16, 1956, on NBC."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Little Foxes was presented on Philip Morris Playhouse October 10, 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Produced and directed by Herman Shumlin, the original Broadway production of The Little Foxes opened February 15, 1939, at the National Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Revivals",
"text": "In reviewing the production, Time said, \"An admirable revival of Lillian Hellman's 1939 play in Lincoln Center demonstrates how securely bricks of character can be sealed together with the mortar of plot."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1949, the play was adapted for an opera entitled Regina by Marc Blitzstein."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The title \"The Little Foxes\" was suggested by Dorothy Parker."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The touring production of The Little Foxes went on hiatus for three months during filming, and Patricia Collinge, Charles Dingle, Dan Duryea, John Marriott and Carl Benton Reid all reprised their stage roles in their motion picture debuts."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The radio adaptation starred Tallulah Bankhead."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Cast",
"text": "The 104-city tour of The Little Foxes began February 5, 1940, in Washington, D.C., and ended April 15, 1941, in Philadelphia."
}
] |
The 1939 play The Little Foxes has been adapted multiple times.
| 0 | 0 |
The Little Foxes
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton."
}
] |
OVofc0R1Ii3JVdbkjpnp
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Theatre at Mansfield Park | Regency politics",
"text": "Mansfield Park is a book about the identity of England."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park | Does Mansfield Park endorse slavery?",
"text": "And everything we know about Jane Austen and her values is at odds with the cruelty of slavery."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park | Does Mansfield Park endorse slavery?",
"text": "Likewise, the British author Ibn Warraq accused Said of a \"most egregious misreading\" of Mansfield Park and condemned him for a \"lazy and unwarranted reading of Jane Austen\", arguing that Said had completely distorted Mansfield Park to give Austen views that she clearly did not hold."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mansfield Park is the third published novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1814 by Thomas Egerton."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary reception",
"text": "Edward Said's Jane Austen and Empire (1983)."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park",
"text": "In a letter to her sister, Cassandra, she compares a book she is reading with Clarkson's anti-slavery book, \"I am as much in love with the author as ever I was with Clarkson\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park | Does Mansfield Park endorse slavery?",
"text": "In his 1993 book, Culture and Imperialism, the American literary critic Edward Said implicated Mansfield Park in Western culture's casual acceptance of the material benefits of slavery and imperialism."
},
{
"section_header": "Church and Mansfield Park",
"text": "Following the publication of Pride and Prejudice, Austen wrote to her sister, Cassandra, mentioning her proposed Northamptonshire novel. \" Now I will try to write of something else; it shall be a complete change of subject: Ordination.\" Trilling believed Austen was making ordination the subject of Mansfield Park; Byrne argues (as do others) that although this is based on a misreading of the letter, \"there is no doubt that Edmund's vocation is at the centre of the novel\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Slavery and Mansfield Park | Does Mansfield Park endorse slavery?",
"text": "The Canadian director, Patricia Rozema, presented the Bertram family as morally corrupt and degenerate, in complete contrast to the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Landscape planning | Political symbolism",
"text": "Duckworth (1994) believes that Austen took the landscaping symbol from Edmund Burke's influential book, Reflections of the Revolution in France (1790)."
}
] |
Jane Austen wrote a book about Mansfield Park.
| 1 | 2 |
Mansfield Park
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peer Gynt (, Norwegian: [ˈpeːr ˈɡʏnt]) is a five-act play in verse by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen published in 1867."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Written in Danish—the common written language of Denmark and Norway in Ibsen's lifetime—it is one of the most widely performed Norwegian plays."
}
] |
OXE8uc8xD3BQ0rCD55Fb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Language",
"text": "Peer Gynt was written in Danish, the common written language of Denmark and Norway since the Dano-Norwegian union and throughout Ibsen's lifetime."
},
{
"section_header": "Language",
"text": "The language was usually referred to as Danish in Denmark and as Norwegian in Norway, although it was essentially the same written language, and is therefore often called Dano-Norwegian."
},
{
"section_header": "Language",
"text": "Due to its basis in Norwegian folktales, the play uses a few Norwegianisms in its vocabulary and idiom, but is otherwise written in a language identical to standard Danish."
},
{
"section_header": "Language",
"text": "Peer Gynt was originally published by the Danish publisher Gyldendal in Copenhagen and targeted at both the Danish and the Norwegian market in its original language."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play was written in Italy and a first edition of 1,250 copies was published on 14 November 1867 by the Danish publisher Gyldendal in Copenhagen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Written in Danish—the common written language of Denmark and Norway in Ibsen's lifetime—it is one of the most widely performed Norwegian plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Grieg's music",
"text": "Other Norwegian composers who have written theatrical music for Peer Gynt include Harald Sæverud (1947), Arne Nordheim (1969), Ketil Hvoslef (1993) and Jon Mostad (1993–4)."
},
{
"section_header": "The Peer Gynt Festival",
"text": "The festival also holds the Peer Gynt Prize, which is a national Norwegian honor prize given to a person or institution that has achieved distinction in society and contributed to improving Norway's international reputation."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing process",
"text": "plays Brand (written 1865) or Love's Comedy (written 1862)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Peer Gynt (, Norwegian: [ˈpeːr ˈɡʏnt]) is a five-act play in verse by the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen published in 1867."
}
] |
Peer Gynt was written by a Norwegian in Danish.
| 0 | 0 |
Peer Gynt
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In February 2001, Mathews died from complications of pneumonia in La Jolla, California, and was buried in Santa Barbara Cemetery."
}
] |
OXIZjPCmySTTflokeqRc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Mathews was born in Texarkana, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "In the World Series, Mathews hit a game-winning home run in the tenth inning of game four."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In February 2001, Mathews died from complications of pneumonia in La Jolla, California, and was buried in Santa Barbara Cemetery."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Later, he was a scout and coach for the Texas Rangers, Milwaukee Brewers, and Oakland Athletics."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edwin Lee Mathews (October 13, 1931 – February 18, 2001) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Coaching and managing",
"text": "Evans said that Mathews was a friend and Aaron said that the decision was \"a blow to me.\" Mathews said that the Braves indicated that there would be a job for him within the organization, but he said he was not sure what he would do next."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Mathews was signed by the Boston Braves in 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "This lad has one of them. \" Mathews was a powerful pull hitter, and for many years of his career teams would implement the \"Mathews shift\" when he came to bat."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "Mathews delighted in occasionally punching the ball through that hole."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Houston Astros and Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Mathews was traded to the Houston Astros before the 1967 season."
}
] |
Eddie Mathews passed 2001 in Texarkana, Texas.
| 0 | 0 |
Eddie Mathews
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "Stapleton's first husband was Max Allentuck, general manager to the producer Kermit Bloomgarden, and her second was playwright David Rayfiel, from whom she divorced in 1966."
}
] |
OXmgNkrmVXnEkQh12Ae5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Her father was an alcoholic and her parents separated during her childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "She had a son, Daniel, and a daughter, Katherine, by her first husband."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "Stapleton's first husband was Max Allentuck, general manager to the producer Kermit Bloomgarden, and her second was playwright David Rayfiel, from whom she divorced in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "By comparison, Stapleton thought herself lucky: \"I never had that problem."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Stapleton was born in Troy, New York, the daughter of John P. Stapleton and Irene (née Walsh), and grew up in a strict Irish American Catholic family."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "She became friends with Marilyn Monroe, who was only one year younger than Stapleton."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Stapleton moved to New York City at the age of 18, and did modeling to pay the bills."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "She was not related to All In the Family star Jean Stapleton (who used her mother's maiden name professionally)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "\" One of the most famously remembered scenes at the studio was when Stapleton and Monroe acted in Anna Christie together."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life and death",
"text": "A lifelong heavy smoker, Stapleton died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 2006 at her home in Lenox, Massachusetts."
}
] |
Maureen Stapleton was married twice and separated from both husbands.
| 1 | 2 |
Maureen Stapleton
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Altair , designation α Aquilae (Latinised to Alpha Aquilae, abbreviated Alpha Aql, α Aql), is the brightest star in the constellation of Aquila and the twelfth brightest star in the night sky."
}
] |
OYIWEwyp5OyOOamNbxkm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is 16.7 light-years (5.13 parsecs) from the Sun and is one of the closest stars visible to the naked eye."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Altair , designation α Aquilae (Latinised to Alpha Aquilae, abbreviated Alpha Aql, α Aql), is the brightest star in the constellation of Aquila and the twelfth brightest star in the night sky."
},
{
"section_header": "Visual companions",
"text": "The bright primary star has the multiple star designation WDS 19508+0852A and has three faint visual companion stars, WDS 19508+0852B, C, and D. Component B is not physically close to A but merely appears close to it in the sky."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology, mythology, and culture",
"text": "This star is one of the asterisms used by Bugis sailors for navigation, called bintoéng timoro, meaning \"eastern star\" Altair Airlines was a regional airline that operated out of Philadelphia from 1966 to 1982."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology, mythology, and culture",
"text": "The Altair 8800 was one of the first microcomputers intended for home use."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Altair is an A-type main sequence star with an apparent visual magnitude of 0.77 and is one of the vertices of the Summer Triangle asterism (the other two vertices are marked by Deneb and Vega)."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology, mythology, and culture",
"text": "One of the tankers attacked and damaged in the June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident was named Front Altair."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology, mythology, and culture",
"text": "The Murray River was formed when Totyerguil the hunter speared Otjout, a giant Murray cod, who, when wounded, churned a channel across southern Australia before entering the sky as the constellation Delphinus."
},
{
"section_header": "Physical characteristics | Rotational effects",
"text": "Also, A. Domiciano de Souza et al. (2005) verified gravity darkening using the measurements made by the Palomar and Navy interferometers, together with new measurements made by the VINCI instrument at the VLTI.Altair is one of the few stars for which a direct image has been obtained."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology, mythology, and culture",
"text": "The Russian-made Beriev Be-200 Altair seaplane is also named after the star."
}
] |
Altair is one of the closest visible stars and is the 12th shiniest celestial body in the sky.
| 0 | 0 |
Altair
|
Literature
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "The Marble Faun has been cited as an influence on H. P. Lovecraft's The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath."
}
] |
OYRuvdnQUnz1vREyfuER
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Marble Faun: Or, The Romance of Monte Beni, also known by the British title Transformation, was the last of the four major romances by Nathaniel Hawthorne, and was published in 1860."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "He considered several, including Monte Beni; or, The Faun: A Romance, The Romance of a Faun, Marble and Life; a Romance, Marble and Man; a Romance, and St. Hilda's Shrine."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "In early 1858, Hawthorne was inspired to write his romance when he saw the Faun of Praxiteles in the Palazzo Nuovo of the Capitoline Museum in Rome."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Donatello amazingly resembles the marble Faun of Praxiteles, and the novel plays with the characters’ belief that the Count may be a descendant of the antique Faun."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The romance mixes elements of a fable, pastoral, gothic novel, and travel guide."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "A Marble Faun is also the title of a book of poetry published in 1924 by William Faulkner."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Marble Faun, written on the eve of the American Civil War, is set in a fantastical Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "The Marble Faun has been cited as an influence on H. P. Lovecraft's The Dream-Quest of Unknown Kadath."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Throughout the novel, she is compared to many other women including Eve, Beatrice Cenci, Judith, and Cleopatra."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The novel was adapted into an opera with music by Ellen Bender and a libretto by Jessica Treadway, completed in 1996."
}
] |
The Marble Faun was a romance novel, and is known as one of the inspirations of the guy that created the C'thulhu mythos.
| 0 | 3 |
The Marble Faun
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Moonstone (1868) by Wilkie Collins is a 19th-century British epistolary novel."
}
] |
OYehUO2kOzEEcw3eCjd9
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "However, The Moonstone introduced a number of the elements that became classic attributes of the twentieth-century detective story in novel form, as opposed to Poe's short story form."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Moonstone (1868) by Wilkie Collins is a 19th-century British epistolary novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Colonel Herncastle, an unpleasant former soldier, brings the Moonstone back with him from India where he acquired it by theft and murder during the Siege of Seringapatam."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance",
"text": "T. S. Eliot called it \"the first, the longest, and the best of modern English detective novels in a genre invented by Collins and not by Poe,\" and Dorothy L. Sayers praised it as \"probably the very finest detective story ever written\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "To his astonishment she tells him she actually saw him steal the diamond and has been protecting his reputation at the cost of her own even though she believes him to be a thief and a hypocrite."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "; he provides the epilogue to the story"
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Rachel Verinder – the heroine of the story, a young heiress"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story was originally serialised in Charles Dickens's magazine All the Year Round."
},
{
"section_header": "Film, radio, and television adaptations",
"text": "#47 of the NBC radio series Favorite Story hosted by Ronald Colman."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "The Moonstone of the title is a diamond (not to be confused with the semi-precious moonstone gem)."
}
] |
The Moonstone was a 20th century poem written to tell the story of women soldiers.
| 0 | 0 |
The Moonstone
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions."
}
] |
OZQ0nXOpC7TxzTUw9qbQ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Culture | Arts",
"text": "Annual events include film festivals and parades, the most famous being the Thanksgiving Day Parade and the Mummers Parade on New Year's Day."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Immigration and cultural diversity",
"text": "Over 35,000 Chinese Americans lived in the city in 2015, including a large Fuzhounese population."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Music",
"text": "Famous rock and pop musicians from Philadelphia or its suburbs include Bill Haley & His Comets, Todd Rundgren and Nazz, Hall & Oates, The Hooters, Ween, Cinderella, and Pink."
},
{
"section_header": "Law and government | Politics",
"text": "Democrats currently hold 14 seats including nine of the ten districts and five at-large seats, while Republicans hold two at-large seats and the Northeast-based Tenth District."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Immigration and cultural diversity",
"text": "Philadelphia's Gayborhood, which is located near Washington Square, is home to a large concentration of gay and lesbian friendly businesses, restaurants, and bars."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Architecture",
"text": "Philadelphia's architectural history dates back to colonial times and includes a wide range of styles."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | City planning",
"text": "Philadelphia's neighborhoods are divided into large sections—North, Northeast, South, Southwest, West, and Northwest—surrounding Center City, which correspond closely with the city's limits before consolidation in 1854."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "Independence Hall, where the Declaration of Independence was signed, and the Liberty Bell are the city's most famous attractions."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture",
"text": "Philadelphia alone has 67 National Historic Landmarks, the third most of any city in the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Philadelphia contains 67 National Historic Landmarks and the World Heritage Site of Independence Hall."
}
] |
Philadelphia's famous landmarks include a large damaged chime.
| 0 | 0 |
Philadelphia
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet."
}
] |
OZwRgharJiszaRreldGe
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Johann Strauss II (born Johann Baptist Strauss; 25 October 1825 – 3 June 1899), also known as Johann Strauss Jr., the Younger, the Son (German: Sohn), son of Johann Strauss I, was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical rivals and admirers",
"text": "\"Klug Gretelein\" Op. 462. Although Strauss was the most sought-after composer of dance music in the latter half of the 19th century, stiff competition was present in the form of Karl Michael Ziehrer and Émile Waldteufel; the latter held a commanding position in Paris."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical rivals and admirers",
"text": "It was usual for the composer to inscribe a few measures of his best-known music, and then sign his name."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Strauss had two younger brothers, Josef and Eduard Strauss, who became composers of light music as well, although they were never as well known as their older brother."
},
{
"section_header": "Musical rivals and admirers",
"text": "The German operetta composer Jacques Offenbach, who made his name in Paris, also posed a challenge to Strauss in the operetta field."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "KK Hofballmusikdirektor' position, which was first designated especially for Johann I in recognition of his musical contributions."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Two museums in Vienna are dedicated to Johann Strauss II."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "The Strauss Museum is about the whole family with a focus on Johann Strauss II."
},
{
"section_header": "Debut as a composer",
"text": "3. Critics and the press were unanimous in their praise for Strauss's music."
}
] |
Johann Strauss II was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas with over 500 musical projects in total.
| 0 | 0 |
Johann Strauss, the Younger
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "Drivers in Los Angeles suffer from one of the worst rush hour periods in the world, according to an annual traffic index by navigation system maker, TomTom."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "During the peak rush hour there is 80% congestion, according to the index."
}
] |
Oa2jyQZfkPNZTtnWqJhj
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "Los Angeles is often characterized by the presence of low-rise buildings."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "Drivers in Los Angeles suffer from one of the worst rush hour periods in the world, according to an annual traffic index by navigation system maker, TomTom."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "During the peak rush hour there is 80% congestion, according to the index."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Cityscape | Overview",
"text": "Outside of a few centers such as Downtown, Warner Center, Century City, Koreatown, Miracle Mile, Hollywood, and Westwood, skyscrapers and high-rise buildings are not common."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Los Angeles ( (listen); Spanish: Los Ángeles; Spanish for 'The Angels'), officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L.A., is the largest city in California."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "Dedicated in 1956, it was the first temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints built in California and it was the largest in the world when completed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Los Angeles metropolitan area also has a gross metropolitan product of $1.0 trillion (as of 2017), making it the third-largest city by GDP in the world, after the Tokyo and New York City metropolitan areas."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Race and ethnicity",
"text": "Chinese people, which make up 1.8% of Los Angeles's population, reside mostly outside of Los Angeles city limits and rather in the San Gabriel Valley of eastern Los Angeles County, but make a sizable presence in the city, notably in Chinatown."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Environmental issues",
"text": "More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low-emission vehicles."
},
{
"section_header": "Education | Colleges and universities",
"text": "There are three public universities within the city limits: California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA), California State University, Northridge (CSUN) and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)."
}
] |
The largest city in California, Los Angeles, mostly has low rising buildings and has some of the worst rush hours in the world.
| 0 | 0 |
Los Angeles
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Joseph Collins (January 16, 1870 – March 6, 1943) was an American professional baseball player."
}
] |
OaEWSVfhnPcfZGuxXpRE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins was especially regarded for his defense."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | National League star",
"text": "Collins was returned to the Beaneaters after the 1895 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Collins was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1945."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Jimmy Collins was born in Niagara Falls, New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Minor leagues",
"text": "in 76 games. In 1894, Collins was moved to the outfield by the Bisons."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Collins died of pneumonia on March 6, 1943 at the age of 73."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | First World Series",
"text": "In 1902, Collins was limited to 108 games by injury, and the Americans finished third."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Remaining career",
"text": "As a player, Collins batted .276, but again missed time due to injury."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Remaining career",
"text": "Collins began the 1907 season with Boston, but it was only a matter of time before he departed."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Collins became a charter member of the Buffalo Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985.In"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "James Joseph Collins (January 16, 1870 – March 6, 1943) was an American professional baseball player."
}
] |
Collins was a pro football coach.
| 0 | 0 |
Jimmy Collins
|
Popular Culture
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Spider-Man: Far From Home, Parker is recruited by Nick Fury and Mysterio to face the Elementals while he is on a school trip to Europe."
}
] |
OadlWqmG977PwLmXGsOX
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "Feige explained that one of the reasons behind this change in location was because a majority of the sequel would be spent around the world, outside New York City."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "After returning to New York City, Parker begins a relationship with MJ."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "Watts described Far From Home as a \"con man movie\" with \"so many layers of deception\", and for the post-credits scene he felt that ending the film with \"one last twist\" was on theme."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "Filming moved to New York City and Newark, New Jersey in October, where it used the working title Bosco."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Pre-production",
"text": "He compared the title to Spider-Man: Homecoming in that it is \"full of alternate meaning\" while continuing the use of \"Home\", and revealed the film's premise to be Parker and his friends going to Europe on summer vacation, away from their home of New York."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "Filming is slated to take place in Atlanta, Los Angeles, New York City, and Iceland."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Post-production",
"text": "In late October 2018, Sony Pictures reached a new multi-film agreement with IMAX Corporation to release their films in IMAX, including Far From Home."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "Spider-Man: Far From Home was released by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on digital on September 17, 2019, and on Ultra HD Blu-ray, Blu-ray and DVD on October 1."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Watts added they looked to \"make a movie that's in that world and deals with those stories but is also still [a] fun Spider-Man movie\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media",
"text": "The short includes footage featuring Hemky Madera reprising his Homecoming role as Mr. Delmar, the owner of a local bodega, which was all cut from Far From Home."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Spider-Man: Far From Home, Parker is recruited by Nick Fury and Mysterio to face the Elementals while he is on a school trip to Europe."
}
] |
Spider-Man: Far From Home was a movie about Spider-Man outside of New York.
| 3 | 6 |
Spider-Man: Far From Home
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob."
}
] |
OawiICJg7Gx2GLE8R910
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Breakthrough with reality television (2006–2009)",
"text": "Kardashian played Elle in four episodes of the television series Beyond the Break."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Her relationship with rapper Kanye West has also received significant media coverage; the couple married in 2014 and have four children together."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kardashian is also planning to become a lawyer by doing a four-year law apprenticeship that is supervised by the law firm #cut50 at which Van Jones is a partner."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health and pregnancies",
"text": "Kardashian and husband Kanye West have four children: daughter North (born June 15, 2013), son Saint (born December 5, 2015), daughter Chicago (born January 15, 2018), and son Psalm (born May 9, 2019).Kardashian has been open about her difficult pregnancies."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "She has an older sister, Kourtney, a younger sister, Khloé, and a younger brother, Rob."
}
] |
Kim Kardashian has four sibilings.
| 3 | 6 |
Kim Kardashian
|
Sports
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Huggins did not marry, and lived with his sister while in Cincinnati."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He lived in Cincinnati during the winters while playing for the Reds and Cardinals, but began to make St. Petersburg, Florida his winter home while managing the Yankees."
}
] |
Ob7yDPtNYrUwxblwfmsl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Miller James Huggins (March 27, 1878 – September 25, 1929) was an American professional baseball player and manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees (1918–1929)",
"text": "Ruth responded by claiming Ruppert would rescind the fine and suspension, and that he would never play for Huggins again, believing that Ruppert would side with him over Huggins."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Early playing career (1899–1903)",
"text": "Huggins began his playing career in minor league baseball with the Mansfield Haymakers of the Class B Interstate League in 1899."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He was admitted to the bar, but never practiced law."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees (1918–1929)",
"text": "The hiring of Huggins drove a wedge between the two co-owners that culminated in Huston selling his shares of the team to Ruppert in 1922."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | New York Yankees (1918–1929)",
"text": "However, the team continued to struggle; amid rumors that he might replace Huggins, Ruppert stated that \"Miller Huggins will be manager as long as he cares to be\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Huggins' father, a devout Methodist, objected to his son playing baseball on Sundays."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "After receiving his law degree from Cincinnati, Huggins realized that he could make even more money playing baseball, and as such William Howard Taft, one of Huggins' law professors, advised him to play baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "But Huggins played semi-professional baseball in 1898 for the Cincinnati Shamrocks, a team organized by Julius Fleischmann, where he played under the pseudonym \"Proctor\" due to his father's opposition and his amateur status."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played semi-professional and minor league baseball from 1898 through 1903, at which time he signed with the Reds."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Huggins did not marry, and lived with his sister while in Cincinnati."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "He lived in Cincinnati during the winters while playing for the Reds and Cardinals, but began to make St. Petersburg, Florida his winter home while managing the Yankees."
}
] |
Miller Huggins never had a wife and and shared a house with his sibling while he played professional baseball.
| 2 | 3 |
Miller Huggins
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He umpired in three ALCS (1969, 1972, 1973), serving as crew chief in 1969 and 1973."
}
] |
ObJkqK98E8fwEkHygMII
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Chylak was born in Olyphant, Pennsylvania."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "After a year in amateur baseball, Chylak moved into the minor leagues as a Pennsylvania-Ontario-New York League umpire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He umpired in three ALCS (1969, 1972, 1973), serving as crew chief in 1969 and 1973."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His parents, Nestor Sr. and Nellie, were of Ukrainian descent; Chylak was the first of their five children."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nestor George Chylak Jr. (; May 11, 1922 – February 17, 1982) was an American umpire in Major League Baseball who worked in the American League from 1954 to 1978."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Chylak died of a heart attack at age 59 in Dunmore, Pennsylvania, and was survived by his wife Sue, his sons Robert and William, and seven grandchildren."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Upon his death, Bowie Kuhn said that \"few have ever been more respected in his field than Mr. Chylak.\" AL president Lee MacPhail said, \"He was considered an outstanding teacher and certainly one of the finest umpires in major league baseball in modern times."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Chylak worked the first American League Championship Series in 1969."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "After retiring from the field in 1978, he became an assistant league supervisor of umpires."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Because of damage to the field, the umpires refused to allow the second game to be played."
}
] |
Nestor Chylak was born in Olyphant, Pennsylvania, and umpired in four ALCS.
| 0 | 0 |
Nestor Chylak
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "He has generally been open about these issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "He also revealed that he has infectious mononucleosis, which affected his neurological and overall health."
}
] |
ObMu0Jznnu4eIPTljSrd
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "On January 8, 2020, on his Instagram, Bieber announced that he was diagnosed with Lyme disease, saying that speculation by other people that he looked like he was on drugs was false."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "He also revealed that he has infectious mononucleosis, which affected his neurological and overall health."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "Bieber has struggled with mental health issues, particularly depression and anxiety, at various points during his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Health",
"text": "He has generally been open about these issues."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | YouTube and Twitter",
"text": "Bieber continues to upload videos to the same channel and has opened a Twitter account, from which he interacts with fans regularly; his account was reported to have more than six million followers in November 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships",
"text": "In March 2014, Rolling Stone characterized Jeremy as having \"split with Justin's mom when Justin was a toddler, and wasn't always around afterward."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Bieber has said he is not interested in obtaining US citizenship, and has praised Canada as being \"the best country in the world\", citing its mostly government-funded health care system as a model example."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Philanthropy",
"text": "All net proceeds from the song went to the First Responders Children's Foundation to fund grants and scholarships for children of first responders and health care workers who worked on the front lines during the pandemic."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–2011: My World 2.0 and Never Say Never",
"text": "Bieber sings the opening line, which was sung by Lionel Richie in the original version."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2012–2014: Believe, Journals, and other appearances",
"text": "On March 7, 2013, Bieber fainted backstage at London's O2 Arena after complaining of breathing problems throughout his concert performance and was taken to the hospital."
}
] |
Recently, Justin Bieber has been open about sharing with his fans the problems that he is having with his health which include a diagnosis of lyme disease and other infections that has decreased his health.
| 1 | 4 |
Justin Bieber
|
History
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Last years | Death",
"text": "Legend states that during his cremation, his body burned for seven days and nights."
}
] |
ObaajLSlK3qaYkCP1ute
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Last years | Death",
"text": "Legend states that during his cremation, his body burned for seven days and nights."
},
{
"section_header": "Religion and philosophy | Other religions",
"text": "Ashoka's edicts, such as the Rock Edicts 6, 7, and 12, emphasise tolerance of all sects."
},
{
"section_header": "Family | Queens",
"text": "At night, the guardian gods informed her about her past gift to the pratyekabuddha, and next day, she was able to miraculously procure the 60,000 robes."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign before Buddhist influence",
"text": "One day, during a stroll at a park, Ashoka and his concubines came across a beautiful Ashoka tree."
},
{
"section_header": "Last years | Tissarakkha as the queen",
"text": "Subsequently, Ashoka granted Tissarakkha kingship for seven days, and during this period, she tortured and blinded Kunala."
},
{
"section_header": "Family | Brothers",
"text": "During these seven days, Tissa realised that the Buddhist monks gave up pleasure because they were aware of the eventual death."
},
{
"section_header": "Family | Brothers",
"text": "According to this legend, one day, Vitashoka saw a grey hair on his head, and realised that he had become old."
},
{
"section_header": "Last years | Death",
"text": "According to the Sri Lankan tradition, Ashoka died during his 37th regnal year, which suggests that he died around 232 BCE.According to the Ashokavadana, the emperor fell severely ill during his last days."
},
{
"section_header": "Legends about past lives",
"text": "Buddhist legends mention stories about Ashoka's past lives."
},
{
"section_header": "Reign after Buddhist influence | Propagation of dhamma",
"text": "The edicts also state that during his 10th–11th regnal years, Ashoka became closer to the Buddhist sangha, and went on a tour of the empire that lasted for at least 256 days."
}
] |
Legend says that his body burned for 6 days and 6 nights during his cremation.
| 2 | 7 |
Asoka
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "This left his only other living son, Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt, and 9 daughters (Phebe Jane, Ethelinda, Eliza, Emily Almira, Sophia Johnson, Maria Louisa, Frances Lavinia, Mary Alicia, and Catherine Juliette), to receive comparatively little inheritance; far less than even their young nephews."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In his will, he left 95% of his $105 million estate to his son William (Billy) and four grandsons through him."
}
] |
ObcFU2TyHU5fpHfvn75N
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Descendants",
"text": "Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt was childless when he committed suicide, in 1882, and George Washington Vanderbilt died during the Civil War, before having any children."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He gave Mary the same settlement."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Allegedly, William paid the spiritualist (a Mr. Stoddard) to suggest the \"spirits\"—during a point in the session when said spiritualist would fall into a \"trance\" in the Commodore's presence—claimed William would be the most trustworthy to inherit the estate and business and that his other children actually hated him and were just waiting for him to die."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Though both Livingston and Fulton had died by the time Vanderbilt started working for Gibbons, the monopoly was held by Livingston's heirs."
},
{
"section_header": "Descendants",
"text": "Cornelius' youngest grandson through William, George Washington Vanderbilt II, built the 250-room Biltmore Estate in the mountains of Asheville, North Carolina, as his main residence with part of his inheritance from his grandfather."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He gave Corneel an extra $200,000 in cash and a trust fund of $400,000."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "This left his only other living son, Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt, and 9 daughters (Phebe Jane, Ethelinda, Eliza, Emily Almira, Sophia Johnson, Maria Louisa, Frances Lavinia, Mary Alicia, and Catherine Juliette), to receive comparatively little inheritance; far less than even their young nephews."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "There his wife Sophia operated a very profitable inn, using the proceeds to feed, clothe and educate their children."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Cornelius Vanderbilt was born in Staten Island, New York on May 27, 1794 to Cornelius van Derbilt and Phebe Hand."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "They had 13 children together, with 12 surviving into adulthood: Phebe Jane Vanderbilt (b. 1814) Ethelinda Vanderbilt (b. 1817) Eliza Vanderbilt (b. 1819) William Henry Vanderbilt (1821–1885) Emily Almira Vanderbilt (b. 1823) Sophia Johnson Vanderbilt (b. 1825) Maria Louisa Vanderbilt (b. 1827) Frances Lavinia Vanderbilt (b. 1828) Cornelius Jeremiah Vanderbilt (1830–1882) George Washington Vanderbilt (1832–1836) Mary Alicia Vanderbilt (b. 1834) Catherine Juliette Vanderbilt (b. 1836) George Washington Vanderbilt (b. 1839)In addition to running his ferry"
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "In his will, he left 95% of his $105 million estate to his son William (Billy) and four grandsons through him."
}
] |
Cornelius Vanderbilt gave equal inheritance to both of his children.
| 2 | 7 |
Cornelius Vanderbilt
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "Many battlefields from specific historic battles are preserved as historic landmarks."
}
] |
OcWrDt6RxylJNc2J2YVU
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A battlefield, battleground, or field of battle is the location of a present or historic battle involving ground warfare."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Other legal regimes promote the preservation of certain battlefields as sites of historic importance."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "The study area of a battlefield includes all places related to contributing to the battle event: where troops deployed and maneuvered before, during, and after the engagement; it is the maximum delineation of the historical site and provides more of the tactical context of a battle than does the core area."
},
{
"section_header": "Choice of battlefields | Agreed battlefields",
"text": "The Vikings had the concept of the \"hazelled field\", where an agreed site was marked out with hazel rods in advance of the battle."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield commemoration",
"text": "Another means by which historic battles are commemorated is historical reenactment."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Battlefield preservation",
"text": "Many battlefields from specific historic battles are preserved as historic landmarks."
},
{
"section_header": "Choice of battlefields | Agreed battlefields",
"text": "Although many battlefields arise in the course of military operations, there have been a number of occasions where formal conventions have ordained the nature and site of the battlefield."
},
{
"section_header": "Choice of battlefields | Technology and the choice of battlefield",
"text": "So, too, has the introduction of landing craft; combined with naval gunfire support, they have made beach landings the site of battles, where, in ancient times, the very idea of contesting a landing was unheard of."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Location",
"text": "Locating battlefields is important in attempts to recreate the events of battles: The battlefield is a historical source demanding attention, interpretation and understanding like any written or other account."
},
{
"section_header": "Historic battlefields | Location",
"text": "The locations of ancient battles can be apocryphal."
}
] |
None of the Battlegrounds are classified as historic sites.
| 0 | 0 |
Battleground
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, fuelled by the imperial Great Interregnum, persisted until the 15th century."
}
] |
OcgVHE7JaqzUsVRJdIIK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire arose with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075, and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "Cities and families used the names until Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, firmly established imperial power in Italy in 1529."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "In the 15th century, the Guelphs supported Charles VIII of France during his invasion of Italy at the start of the Italian Wars, while the Ghibellines were supporters of the emperor Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Later history",
"text": "The Ghibellines then supported Louis' invasion of Italy and coronation as King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "The division between Guelphs and Ghibellines was especially important in Florence, although the two sides frequently rebelled one against the other and struggled for power in many of the other northern Italian cities as well."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, fuelled by the imperial Great Interregnum, persisted until the 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "That city remained with the Ghibelline factions, partly as a means of preserving its independence, rather than out of loyalty to the temporal power, as Forlì was nominally in the Papal States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Guelphs and Ghibellines (, also US: ; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡɡibelˈliːni; -fj e]) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "Philip's heir, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, was an enemy of both Otto and the Papacy, and during Frederick's reign, the Guelphs became more strictly associated with the Papacy while the Ghibellines became supporters of the Empire and Frederick in particular."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 13th–14th centuries",
"text": "After the Hohenstaufen dynasty lost the Empire when Charles I executed Conradin in 1268, the terms Guelph and Ghibelline became associated with individual families and cities, rather than the struggle between empire and papacy."
}
] |
The Guelphs and Ghibellines were groups that came out of the struggle for power between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor were at odds until the 17th century.
| 2 | 4 |
Guelphs and Ghibellines
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "In 2015, Forbes ranked IBM the fifth-most valuable brand."
}
] |
Ock0WBF5ShaBVOlLsug0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "In 2015, Forbes ranked IBM the fifth-most valuable brand."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "IBM has a valuable brand as a result of over 100 years of operations and marketing campaigns."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "The company also sponsored the Olympic Games from 1960–2000, and the National Football League from 2003–2012.In 2012, IBM's brand was valued at $75.5 billion and ranked by Interbrand as the second-best brand worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "Finance",
"text": "IBM ranked No. 34 on the 2018 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue."
},
{
"section_header": "Brand and reputation",
"text": "That same year, it was also ranked the top company for leaders (Fortune), the number two green company in the U.S. (Newsweek), the second-most respected company (Barron's), the fifth-most admired company (Fortune), the 18th-most innovative company (Fast Company), and the number one in technology consulting and number two in outsourcing (Vault)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Also in 2015, IBM announced that it would go \"fabless\", continuing to design semiconductors, but offloading manufacturing to GlobalFoundries."
},
{
"section_header": "People and culture | Employees",
"text": "In 2015, IBM started giving employees the option of choosing either a PC or a Mac as their primary work device, resulting in IBM becoming the world's largest Mac shop."
},
{
"section_header": "People and culture | Employees",
"text": "In 2016, IBM eliminated forced rankings and changed its annual performance review system to focus more on frequent feedback, coaching, and skills development."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2015, IBM bought the digital part of The Weather Company; and in October 2018, IBM announced its intention to acquire Red Hat for $34 billion, which was completed on July 9, 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2015 IBM announced three major acquisitions: Merge Healthcare for $1 billion, data storage vendor Cleversafe, and all digital assets from The Weather Company, including Weather.com and the Weather Channel mobile app."
}
] |
In 2015, IBM was ranked as the fourth most valuable brand.
| 0 | 1 |
IBM
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It started expanding to other U.S. and Canadian cities in 2000, and now covers 70 countries."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In early 1995, he began an email distribution list to friends."
}
] |
OdLn5bsJwPN7Fk1yFSiD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The initial technology encountered some limits, so by June 1995 Majordomo had been installed and the mailing list \"Craigslist\" resumed operations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It started expanding to other U.S. and Canadian cities in 2000, and now covers 70 countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations",
"text": "In 2009, Craigslist operated with a staff of 28 people."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Financials and ownership",
"text": "Craigslist filed a counter-suit in May 2008 to \"remedy the substantial and ongoing harm to fair competition\" that Craigslist claimed was constituted by eBay's actions as Craigslist shareholders; the company claimed that it had used its minority stake to gain access to confidential information, which it then used as part of its competing service Kijiji."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In early 1995, he began an email distribution list to friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Content policies",
"text": "Following the shutdown of Padmapper.com, some users complained that the service was useful to them and therefore should have remained intact."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "People trying to get technical positions filled found that the list was a good way to reach people with the skills they were looking for."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Films",
"text": "Craigslist Joe (August 2012), a documentary featuring a 29-year-old man living for 31 days solely from donations of food, shelter, and transportation throughout the U.S., found via Craigslist"
},
{
"section_header": "Operations | Financials and ownership",
"text": "As of April 2012, there have been no substantive changes to the usefulness, or the non-advertising nature of the site; neither banner ads, nor charges for a few services provided to businesses."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism",
"text": "This led users to criticize Craigslist for trying to shut down a service that was useful to them."
}
] |
Craigslist was founded in 1995 and now has operates outside of the U.S.
| 0 | 0 |
Craigslist
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of \"Sir Thomas Malory\" in the late 15th century."
}
] |
OdepcX94okEEtobak2Qk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for \"The Death of Arthur\") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore."
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "The exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has long been the subject of speculation, owing to the fact that at least six historical figures bore the name of \"Sir Thomas Malory\" in the late 15th century."
},
{
"section_header": "History and sources",
"text": "The Middle English of Le Morte d'Arthur is much closer to Early Modern English than the Middle English of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Malory's Le Morte D'Arthur: King Arthur and Legends of the Round Table."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and of his Noble Knights of the Round Table,."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis and themes | Book I (Caxton I–IV)",
"text": "According to Helen Cooper in Sir Thomas Malory: Le Morte D'arthur – The Winchester Manuscript, the prose style, which mimics historical documents of the time, lends an air of authority to the whole work."
},
{
"section_header": "History and sources",
"text": "Like other English prose in the 15th century, Le Morte d'Arthur was highly influenced by French writings, but Malory blends these with other English verse and prose forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur. Le Morte d'Arthur. Ed. Matthews, John (2000)."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis and themes | Book V (Caxton VIII–XII)",
"text": "Based on the French Prose Tristan, or a lost English adaptation of it (possibly also the Middle English verse romance Sir Tristrem), Malory's treatment of the legend of Tristan is the literal centerpiece of Le Morte d'Arthur as well as the longest of his eight books."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur was first published in 1485 at the end of medieval English era by William Caxton, who changed its title from the original The Whole Book of King Arthur and of His Noble Knights of the Round Table (The Hoole Book of Kyng Arthur and of His Noble Knyghtes of The Rounde Table)."
}
] |
Le Morte d'Arthur is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore, although the exact identity of the author of Le Morte d'Arthur has only recently been discovered.
| 0 | 0 |
Le Morte d'Arthur
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German composer, active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States."
}
] |
Oe8lVi6PieFYW43RXyis
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Compositions | Concert works | Lieder, Lieder cycles, songs and chansons",
"text": "slow-fox, text: Kurt Weill; composed for the exhibition"
},
{
"section_header": "Paris and New York",
"text": "Unique among Broadway composers of the time, Weill insisted on writing his own orchestrations (with some very few exceptions, such as the dance music in Street Scene)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German composer, active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for his fruitful collaborations with Bertolt Brecht."
},
{
"section_header": "Paris and New York",
"text": "A prominent and popular Jewish composer, Weill was officially denounced for his populist views and sympathies, and became a target of the Nazi authorities, who criticized and interfered with performances of his later stage works, such as Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny (Aufstieg und"
},
{
"section_header": "Studies with Busoni",
"text": "That year he composed a psalm, a divertimento for orchestra, and Sinfonia Sacra: Fantasia, Passacaglia, and Hymnus for Orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Early work and compositions",
"text": "Before he returned to Berlin, in September 1920, he composed Sulamith, a choral fantasy for soprano, female choir, and orchestra."
},
{
"section_header": "Early work and compositions",
"text": "He subsequently composed a cello sonata and Ninon de Lenclos, a now lost one-act operatic adaptation of a play by Ernst Hardt."
},
{
"section_header": "Relatives",
"text": "his date and place of death are unknown but this was probably during The Holocaust), a composer and arranger who collaborated with Max Reger and who dedicated Aquarellen, Op. 25 to him."
},
{
"section_header": "Kurt Weill Centre",
"text": "The Kurt Weil Centre (German:Kurt-Weill-Zentrum) in Dessau was founded in 1993."
}
] |
Weill was a 19th century composer.
| 0 | 0 |
Kurt Weill
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts in opposition to a debt crisis among the citizenry and the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades; the fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787."
}
] |
OeFoVBIbESJVbmXGzqfK
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Memorials",
"text": "Influence is not government. Let us have a government by which our lives, liberties, and properties will be secured, or let us know the worst at once.\" The events and people of the uprising are commemorated in the towns where they lived and those where events took place."
},
{
"section_header": "Early rumblings",
"text": "A second, larger-scale protest took place in Uxbridge, Massachusetts on the Rhode Island border on February 3, 1783 when a mob seized property that had been confiscated by a constable and returned it to its owners."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts in opposition to a debt crisis among the citizenry and the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades; the fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787."
},
{
"section_header": "Rebellion",
"text": "They raided the shops of local merchants for supplies along the way and took some of the merchants hostage."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on the Constitution | Influence upon the Constitutional Convention",
"text": "Historian David Szatmary writes that the timing of the rebellion \"convinced the elites of sovereign states that the proposed gathering at Philadelphia must take place\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Shutting down the courts",
"text": "Governor Bowdoin issued a proclamation on September 2 denouncing such mob action, but he took no military measures beyond planning a militia response to future actions."
},
{
"section_header": "Consequences",
"text": "The legislature cut taxes and placed a moratorium on debts and also refocused state spending away from interest payments, resulting in a 30-percent decline in the value of Massachusetts securities as those payments fell in arrears."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact on the Constitution | Influence upon the Constitution",
"text": "The rebellion also played a role in the discussion of a number of the executives."
},
{
"section_header": "Rebellion",
"text": "The federal government had been unable to recruit soldiers for the army because of a lack of funding, so Massachusetts leaders determined to act independently."
},
{
"section_header": "Rebellion",
"text": "On January 4, 1787, Governor Bowdoin proposed creating a privately funded militia army."
}
] |
Shay's Rebellion took place in Minnesota.
| 1 | 3 |
Shays' Rebellion
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion",
"text": "ABBA never officially announced the end of the group or an indefinite break, but it was long considered dissolved after their final public performance together in 1982."
}
] |
OekOu4a468CEmZyLVqdq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First record together \"Hej, gamle man\"",
"text": "Fältskog, Andersson and Ulvaeus toured together in May, while Lyngstad toured on her own."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion",
"text": "While reminiscing on \"The Day Before You Came\", Ulvaeus said: \"we might have continued for a while longer if that had been a number one\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First record together \"Hej, gamle man\"",
"text": "Frequent recording sessions brought the foursome closer together during the summer."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1976–1981: Superstardom | North American and European tours",
"text": "Nonetheless, the media continued to confront them with this in interviews."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Resurgence of public interest",
"text": "The group's first album, \"The ABBA Generation\", consisting solely of ABBA covers reimagined as 1990s pop songs, was a worldwide success and so were subsequent albums."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1958–1970: Before ABBA | First record together \"Hej, gamle man\"",
"text": "It was during 1971 that the four artists began working together more, adding vocals to the others' recordings."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1973–1976: Breakthrough | Post-Eurovision",
"text": "Live performances continued in the middle of 1975 when ABBA embarked on a fourteen open-air date tour of Sweden and Finland."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion",
"text": "Their final public performance together as ABBA before their 2016 reunion was on the British TV programme"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "ABBA (, Swedish pronunciation: [ˈabːa]) is a Swedish pop supergroup formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1976–1981: Superstardom | North American and European tours",
"text": "ABBA assured the press and their fan base they were continuing their work as a group and that the divorce would not affect them."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 1981–1982: Final album and performances | Break and reunion",
"text": "ABBA never officially announced the end of the group or an indefinite break, but it was long considered dissolved after their final public performance together in 1982."
}
] |
This Scandinavian supergroup continued to perform together throughout the 1990s.
| 0 | 1 |
ABBA
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Animations in the multimedia editions express the relation of every character in the chapter to the others."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A film version adapted for the screen by Judith Rascoe and directed by Joseph Strick was released in 1977."
}
] |
OevU2UAoGot3pBNvUUjc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of Irish writer James Joyce."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "{{}} Stephen Dedalus – The main character of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Hugh Leonard's stage work Stephen D is an adaptation of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Stephen Hero."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "In September 1907, however, he abandoned this work, and began a complete revision of the text and its structure, producing what became A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "artes.(\"And he turned his mind to unknown arts.\") At the request of its editors, Joyce submitted a work of philosophical fiction entitled \"A Portrait of the Artist\" to the Irish literary magazine Dana on 7 January 1904."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "He recycled the two earlier attempts at explaining his aesthetics and youth, A Portrait of the Artist and Stephen Hero, as well as his notebooks from Trieste concerning the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas; they all came together in five carefully paced chapters."
},
{
"section_header": "Major characters",
"text": "Stephen constructs Emma as an ideal of femininity, even though (or because) he does not know her well."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Joyce fully employs the free indirect style to demonstrate Stephen's intellectual development from his childhood, through his education, to his increasing independence and ultimate exile from Ireland as a young man."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The reader experiences Stephen's fears and bewilderment as he comes to terms with the world in a series of disjointed episodes."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Animations in the multimedia editions express the relation of every character in the chapter to the others."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A film version adapted for the screen by Judith Rascoe and directed by Joseph Strick was released in 1977."
}
] |
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, which is a book, not a portrait, has not been redone in any other mediums for fear of the title throwing off even more people
| 0 | 0 |
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was filmed in Scotland and Ireland from June to October 1994 with a budget around $65–70 million."
}
] |
OgrTW0AXPkgpn4ReyIdb
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film grossed $75.6 million in the US and grossed $210.4 million worldwide."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was filmed in Scotland and Ireland from June to October 1994 with a budget around $65–70 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Box office",
"text": "On its opening weekend, Braveheart grossed $9,938,276 in the United States and $75.6 million in its box office run in the U.S. and Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Box office",
"text": "Worldwide, the film grossed $210,409,945 and was the thirteenth-highest-grossing film of 1995."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Effect on tourism",
"text": "In the same year, a tourism report said that the \"Braveheart effect\" earned Scotland £7 million to £15 million in tourist revenue, and the report led to various national organizations encouraging international film productions to take place in Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Historical inaccuracy | Wallace's military campaign",
"text": "The two-handed long swords used by Gibson in the film were not in wide use in the period."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Gibson eventually gained enough financing for the film, with Paramount Pictures financing a third of the budget in exchange for North American distribution rights to the film, and 20th Century Fox putting up two thirds of the budget in exchange for international distribution rights."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Effect on tourism",
"text": "The film generated huge interest in Scotland and in Scottish history, not only around the world, but also in Scotland itself."
},
{
"section_header": "Release and reception | Effect on tourism",
"text": "At a Braveheart Convention in 1997, held in Stirling the day after the Scottish Devolution vote and attended by 200 delegates from around the world, Braveheart author Randall Wallace, Seoras Wallace of the Wallace Clan, Scottish historian David Ross and Bláithín FitzGerald from Ireland gave lectures on various aspects of the film."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "While the crew spent three weeks shooting on location in Scotland, the major battle scenes were shot in Ireland using members of the Irish Army Reserve as extras."
}
] |
The Braveheart film grossed $75.6 million in the US and grossed $210.4 million worldwide, with a budget around $65–70 million.
| 0 | 0 |
Braveheart
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "Months later, Guns N' Roses was formed in March 1985 by Rose, rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with L.A. Guns founders lead guitarist Guns, drummer Rob Gardner and bassist Ole Beich."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985."
}
] |
Oh0aXI7qDeYJVqnZdKfD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "Their first show, promoted as \"L.A. Guns and Hollywood Rose presents Guns N Roses\", was on March 26, 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Guns N' Roses, often abbreviated as GNR, is an American hard rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "Months later, Guns N' Roses was formed in March 1985 by Rose, rhythm guitarist Stradlin, along with L.A. Guns founders lead guitarist Guns, drummer Rob Gardner and bassist Ole Beich."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Lineup changes and sporadic activity (1994–1999)",
"text": "Tobias's presence on the track and in the band created tension; reportedly Slash had 'creative and personal differences' with Tobias."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "The band's \"classic\" lineup was finalized on June 4, 1985 when Adler and Slash officially joined."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "After two days of rehearsals, the band played their first show with the lineup on June 6, 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Lineup changes and sporadic activity (1994–1999)",
"text": "In August 1995, Rose legally left the band, creating a new partnership under the same name, later saying \"I’d left and formed a new partnership, which was only an effort to salvage Guns not steal it.\" Slash commented in his autobiography, \"I didn't really know what else to do after Axl sent a letter saying that he was leaving the band and taking the name with him under the terms of the new contract."
},
{
"section_header": "History | International success and band turmoil (1990–1993) | Use Your Illusion I and II",
"text": "In 1990, Guns N' Roses returned to the studio."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Appetite for Destruction: The Days of Guns N' Roses."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Formation (1985–1986)",
"text": "In 1984, Hollywood Rose member Izzy Stradlin was living with L.A. Guns member Tracii Guns."
}
] |
Guns N' Roses was created in 1985.
| 0 | 0 |
Guns N' Roses
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy | Golden Era Committee | Hall of Fame election",
"text": "Williams, Santo's long-time teammate and friend, had made a fresh case for Santo, emphasizing his personal struggle with diabetes during his career, and his post-retirement charitable work to try to find a cure."
}
] |
Oh4AHj6qYj9PquPVXStg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "As part of the publicity surrounding \"Ron Santo Day\" at Wrigley Field on August 28, 1971, he revealed his struggle with diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In the early years of his playing career, he carefully concealed the fact that he had type 1 diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Hall of Fame candidacy | Golden Era Committee | Hall of Fame election",
"text": "Williams, Santo's long-time teammate and friend, had made a fresh case for Santo, emphasizing his personal struggle with diabetes during his career, and his post-retirement charitable work to try to find a cure."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "In 2004 Santo and his battle against diabetes were the subject of a documentary, This Old Cub."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Santo had both his legs amputated below the knee as a result of his diabetes: the right in 2001 and the left in 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Santo shared a bond in this respect with 2008 Cubs rookie Sam Fuld, who also suffers from type 1 diabetes."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "Because the methods of regulating diabetes in the 1960s and 1970s were not as advanced as they are today, Santo gauged his blood sugar levels based on his moods."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Santo was an All-Star for nine seasons during his 15-year career."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Broadcast career",
"text": "In Chicago, Santo was known for his unabashed broadcast enthusiasm, including groans and cheers during the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-retirement | Struggle with diabetes",
"text": "He feared that if this information were to be known, he would be forced into retirement."
}
] |
Santo struggled with diabetes during his career.
| 2 | 2 |
Ron Santo
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Stalin's Soviet Union has been characterised as a totalitarian state, with Stalin its authoritarian leader."
}
] |
OhIQz6oxhfjInUtNrq4w
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Despite initially governing the Soviet Union as part of a collective leadership, he eventually consolidated power to become the country's de facto dictator by the 1930s."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Stalin's Soviet Union has been characterised as a totalitarian state, with Stalin its authoritarian leader."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dzе Jugashvili; 18 December [O.S. 6 December] 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet politician who ruled the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the Soviet Union and its successor states",
"text": "Khrushchev's de-Stalinisation process in Soviet society ended when he was replaced as leader by Leonid Brezhnev in 1964; the latter introduced a level of re-Stalinisation within the Soviet Union."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the Soviet Union and its successor states",
"text": "Amid the social and economic turmoil of the post-Soviet period, many Russians viewed Stalin as having overseen an era of order, predictability, and pride."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the Soviet Union and its successor states",
"text": "Shortly after his death, the Soviet Union went through a period of de-Stalinization."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Stalin has retained popularity in Russia and Georgia as a victorious wartime leader who established the Soviet Union as a major world power."
},
{
"section_header": "Rise to power | Dekulakisation, collectivisation, and industrialisation: 1927–1931 | Economic policy",
"text": "By 1932, about 62% of households involved in agriculture were part of collectives, and by 1936 this had risen to 90%."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Montefiore argued that while Stalin initially ruled as part of a Communist Party oligarchy, in 1934 the Soviet government transformed from this oligarchy into a personal dictatorship, with Stalin only becoming \"absolute dictator\" between March and June 1937, when senior military and NKVD figures were eliminated."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | In the Soviet Union and its successor states",
"text": "After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, the first President of the new Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin, continued Gorbachev's denunciation of Stalin but added to it a denunciation of Lenin."
}
] |
Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin led a totalitarian government despite having started his rule as part of a collective.
| 0 | 0 |
Joseph Stalin
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "In North America, it is the highest-grossing film of 2014, the highest-grossing war film unadjusted for inflation (and, on an adjusted basis, second to Saving Private Ryan with $379 million), the third-highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (behind The Passion of the Christ and Deadpool), Warner Bros.' fourth-highest-grossing film (behind The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2), and the eighth-highest-grossing Best Picture nominee film (behind Avatar, Titanic, Star Wars, E.T."
}
] |
OhJUjK70VIPo6EgEmr8F
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film directed by Clint Eastwood and written by Jason Hall."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The world premiere was on November 11, 2014, at the American Film Institute Festival, followed by a limited theatrical release in the United States on December 25, 2014, and a wide release on January 16, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "The film is a cautionary tale for Americans about why we must avoid war."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "The film began its wide debut across North American theaters on January 16, 2015 (Thursday night showings began at 7:00 pm)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "American Sniper premiered at the AFI Fest on November 11, 2014, just after a screening of Selma at Grauman's Egyptian Theatre in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Responding to critics, Eastwood said that American Sniper shows \"what [war] does to the people left behind\", and that presenting \"the fact of what [war] does to the family and the people who have to go back into civilian life like Chris Kyle did\" is the \"biggest antiwar statement any film\" can make."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "American Sniper nobly presents the case for the other side.\"Peter"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Home media",
"text": "American Sniper was released on Blu-ray and DVD on May 19, 2015.Upon its first week of release on home media in the U.S., the film topped both the Nielsen VideoScan First Alert chart, which tracks overall disc sales, as well as the Blu-ray Disc sales chart in the week ending May 24, 2015."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "American Sniper [...] is built on this foundation of uncommon compassion.\" Kyle Smith of the New York Post gave the film four out of four stars, saying \"After 40 years of Hollywood counterpropaganda telling us war is necessarily corrupting and malign, [...]"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Their targets are clearly in sight, and their aim is true.\" Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club gave the film a B, saying \"American Sniper is imperfect and at times a little corny, but also ambivalent and complicated in ways that are uniquely Eastwoodian.\" James Berardinelli of ReelViews gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four, saying \"American Sniper lifts director Clint Eastwood out of the doldrums that have plagued his last few films."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office | North America",
"text": "In North America, it is the highest-grossing film of 2014, the highest-grossing war film unadjusted for inflation (and, on an adjusted basis, second to Saving Private Ryan with $379 million), the third-highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (behind The Passion of the Christ and Deadpool), Warner Bros.' fourth-highest-grossing film (behind The Dark Knight, The Dark Knight Rises and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2), and the eighth-highest-grossing Best Picture nominee film (behind Avatar, Titanic, Star Wars, E.T."
}
] |
American Sniper is a 2014 American biographical war drama film, and was the highest-grossing film of 2015.
| 0 | 0 |
American Sniper
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Moscow Art Theatre production",
"text": "Nemirovich overcame Chekhov's refusal to allow the play to appear in Moscow and convinced Stanislavski to direct the play for their innovative and newly founded Moscow Art Theatre in 1898."
}
] |
OhN8rPRZuQG7oJsXFNX5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Moscow Art Theatre production",
"text": "This approach was intended to facilitate the unified expression of the inner action that Stanislavski perceived to be hidden beneath the surface of the play in its subtext."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act II",
"text": "Nina asks Trigorin to tell her about the writer's life; he replies that it is not an easy one."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act III",
"text": "After she has left the room, Nina comes to say her final goodbye to Trigorin and to inform him that she is running away to become an actress, against her parents' wishes."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "The play was also adapted as the Russian film The Seagull in 1970."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Seagull is generally considered to be the first of his four major plays."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Seagull (Russian: Чайка, romanized: Chayka) is a play by Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov, written in 1895 and first produced in 1896."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act II",
"text": "She loves the lake, like a seagull, and she's happy and free, like a seagull."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Though the character of Trigorin is considered Chekhov's greatest male role, like Chekhov's other full-length plays, The Seagull relies upon an ensemble cast of diverse, fully developed characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Premiere in St. Petersburg",
"text": "The Seagull impressed the playwright and friend of Chekhov Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, however, who said Chekhov should have won the Griboyedov prize that year for The Seagull instead of himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Translation",
"text": "In the introduction of his own version, Tom Stoppard wrote: \"You can't have too many English Seagulls: at the intersection of all of them, the Russian one will be forever elusive.\" In fact, the problems start with the title of the play: there's no sea anywhere near the play's settings, –"
},
{
"section_header": "Performance history | Moscow Art Theatre production",
"text": "Nemirovich overcame Chekhov's refusal to allow the play to appear in Moscow and convinced Stanislavski to direct the play for their innovative and newly founded Moscow Art Theatre in 1898."
}
] |
Getting The Seagull to play in Russia's capital was difficult because of the writer's express wishes otherwise.
| 0 | 0 |
The Seagull
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The English Patient is a 1992 novel by Michael Ondaatje."
}
] |
OhNqn02CBUcBl9zd0lNW
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Characters | Hana",
"text": "She then puts all of her energy into caring for the English Patient."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "Ondaatje, Michael (1993). The English Patient."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The English Patient is a 1992 novel by Michael Ondaatje."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot synopsis",
"text": "Kip and the English patient immediately become friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters | Almásy",
"text": "She provides comfort to the English Patient that she could not provide to her own father."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "In contrast to Hana, the English patient was handicapped and on his death bed."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "The English Patient is a progressive novel that aims to bring a sense of the meaning of freedom to its readers."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "\"Ondaatje's The English Patient and Questions of History.\" Comparative Cultural Studies and Michael Ondaatje's Writing."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 0"
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "The moral of this is that Hana, the English patient, Kip, and Caravaggio had fewer physical resemblances to each other than they had had of humanistic desires."
}
] |
The English Patient is a book from the 1990's.
| 0 | 0 |
The English Patient
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Stage productions",
"text": "Booth is featured as a central character of Stephen Sondheim's musical Assassins, in which his assassination of Lincoln is depicted in a musical number called \"The Ballad of Booth\"."
}
] |
OhRh2Ar4W2QdHGBlUxzR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Music",
"text": "She says it is \"obvious.\" \"John Wilkes Booth\" is a song written by Mary Chapin Carpenter, commissioned and notably interpreted by Tony Rice."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Music",
"text": "The song is included on his recording Native American."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Stage productions",
"text": "Austin-based theatre company The Hidden Room developed a staged reading of John Wilkes Booth's Richard III based on the manuscript promptbook in the collection of the Harry Ransom Center."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Stage productions",
"text": "The promptbook is one of only two known surviving promptbooks created by John Wilkes Booth, and uses the Colley Cibber adaptation of Shakespeare's text."
},
{
"section_header": "Reaction and pursuit",
"text": "Newspapers called him an \"accursed devil,\" \"monster,\" \"madman,\" and a \"wretched fiend.\" Historian Dorothy Kunhardt writes: \"Almost every family who kept a photograph album on the parlor table owned a likeness of John Wilkes Booth of the famous Booth family of actors."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "The Wagon Train episode \" The John Wilbot Story\" (1958) is based on the premise that Booth survived and moved west; the character John Wilbot is played by Dane Clark."
},
{
"section_header": "Civil War years",
"text": "As the Civil War went on, Booth increasingly quarreled with his brother Edwin, who declined to make stage appearances in the South and refused to listen to John Wilkes' fiercely partisan denunciations of the North and Lincoln."
},
{
"section_header": "Theatrical career | 1850s",
"text": "At his request, he was billed as \"J.B. Wilkes\", a pseudonym meant to avoid comparison with other members of his famous thespian family."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Film",
"text": "John Wilkes Booth is played by John Derek in the film Prince of Players (1955), a biography of Edwin Booth (played by Richard Burton)."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Stage productions",
"text": "Booth is featured as a central character of Stephen Sondheim's musical Assassins, in which his assassination of Lincoln is depicted in a musical number called \"The Ballad of Booth\"."
}
] |
There are no musicals based on John Wilkes Booth, and especially none that make his famous crime into a song.
| 0 | 0 |
John Wilkes Booth
|
Science
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients."
}
] |
OhmzobWsSs9t5tVi9Ylb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | For drinking",
"text": "Humans require water with few impurities."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | Industrial applications",
"text": "It works very well, is relatively safe, and is not harmful to the environment."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | Industrial applications",
"text": "Also, very high pressure water guns are used for precise cutting."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | As a scientific standard",
"text": "The percentage of the heavier isotopes is very small, but it still affects the properties of water."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | For drinking",
"text": "Most of this quantity is contained in prepared foods."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | Food processing",
"text": "Water hardness is classified based on concentration of calcium carbonate the water contains."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | As a scientific standard",
"text": "Water from rivers and lakes tends to contain less heavy isotopes than seawater."
},
{
"section_header": "Effects on human civilization | Human uses | For drinking",
"text": "The human body contains from 55% to 78% water, depending on body size."
},
{
"section_header": "On Earth | Sea water and tides",
"text": "Sea water contains about 3.5% sodium chloride on average, plus smaller amounts of other substances."
}
] |
Water contains very few nutrients.
| 2 | 4 |
Water
|
Geography
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "Sections of the old Erie Canal not used after 1918 are owned by New York State, or have been ceded to or purchased by counties or municipalities."
}
] |
OjCAigRlkBkvkLrosBU5
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "Sections of the old Erie Canal not used after 1918 are owned by New York State, or have been ceded to or purchased by counties or municipalities."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "Some municipalities have preserved sections as town or county canal parks, or have plans to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Both are owned by the federal government."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "A 36‑mile (58 km) stretch of the old canal from the town of DeWitt, New York, east of Syracuse, to just outside Rome, New York, is preserved as the Old Erie Canal State Historic Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "In 1960 the Schoharie Crossing State Historic Site, a section of the canal in Montgomery County, was one of the first sites recognized as a National Historic Landmark."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal | Parks and museums",
"text": "Old Erie Canal Lock 60 Park in Macedon"
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal | Parks and museums",
"text": "Enlarged Double Lock No. 23, Old Erie Canal, Rotterdam"
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal",
"text": "Many stretches of the old canal have been filled in to create roads such as Erie Boulevard in Syracuse and Schenectady, and Broad Street and the Rochester Subway in Rochester."
},
{
"section_header": "Old Erie Canal | Parks and museums",
"text": "Enlarged Double Lock No. 33 Old Erie Canal, St. Johnsville"
},
{
"section_header": "Ambiguity in name",
"text": "The sections of the original route remaining in use, mostly west of Syracuse, were widened significantly, with bridges over the canal rebuilt and locks replaced."
}
] |
Sections of the old Erie Canal not used after 1918 are owned by Maryland.
| 2 | 6 |
Erie Canal
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "In the Quechua language, machu means \"old\" or \"old person\", while pikchu means either \"portion of coca being chewed\" or \"pyramid, pointed multi-sided solid; cone\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "Thus the name of the site is sometimes interpreted as \"old mountain\"."
}
] |
OjHiafzQQcEGZac3WBse
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | First American expedition",
"text": "which he named \"Trombone Pampa\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "London and New York: Penguin Books."
},
{
"section_header": "Site | Inti Mach'ay and the Royal Feast of the Sun",
"text": "Architecturally, Inti Mach'ay is the most significant structure at Machu Picchu."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Most of the outlying buildings have been reconstructed in order to give tourists a better idea of how they originally appeared."
},
{
"section_header": "History | First American expedition",
"text": "Bingham was unclear about the original purpose of the ruins, but decided that there was no indication that it matched the description of Vitcos."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "Thus the name of the site is sometimes interpreted as \"old mountain\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its three primary structures are the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Room of the Three Windows."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Human sacrifice and mysticism",
"text": "The tradition is upheld by members of the New Age Andean religion."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Encounters",
"text": "Bingham found the name Agustín Lizárraga and the date 1902 written in charcoal on one of the walls."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "In the Quechua language, machu means \"old\" or \"old person\", while pikchu means either \"portion of coca being chewed\" or \"pyramid, pointed multi-sided solid; cone\"."
}
] |
The origin of the name of the structure translates to new home.
| 0 | 0 |
Machu Picchu
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "We all loved the great bisexual, Freddie Mercury."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "The tabloid newspaper The Sun referred to Mercury as a \"bisexual rock star\" in 1986, who had \"confessed to a string of one-night gay sex affairs\"."
}
] |
Ojftjxa1f3yxvcOT1MFb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Freddie Mercury (born Farrokh Bulsara; 5 September 1946 – 24 November 1991) was a British singer, songwriter, record producer, and lead vocalist of the rock band Queen."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "Until the Freddie Mercury Close in Feltham was dedicated, Warsaw was the only city in Europe with a street dedicated to the singer."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Appearances in lists of influential individuals",
"text": "Although he had been criticised by gay activists for hiding his HIV status, author Paul Russell included Mercury in his book The Gay 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Gay Men and Lesbians, Past and Present."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "In 1992, John Marshall of Gay Times opined: \"[Mercury] was a 'scene-queen,' not afraid to publicly express his gayness, but unwilling to analyse or justify his 'lifestyle' […]"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "Issuing the certificate of designation to the \"charismatic singer\", Joel Parker of the Southwest Research Institute added: \"Freddie Mercury sang, 'I'm a shooting star leaping through the sky' — and now that is even more true than ever before.\" In an April 2019 interview, British rock concert promoter Harvey Goldsmith referred to Mercury as \"one of our most treasured talents\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "Beginning in 2003 fans from around the world have gathered in Switzerland annually to pay tribute to the singer as part of the \"Freddie Mercury Montreux Memorial Day\" on the first weekend of September."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Vocals",
"text": "The Who lead singer Roger Daltrey described Mercury as \"the best virtuoso rock 'n' roll singer of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "While some commentators claimed Mercury hid his sexual orientation from the public, others claimed he was \"openly gay\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "I was certainly aware of the gay connotations, but that was just one facet of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "It was as if Freddie Mercury was saying to the world, 'I am what I am."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "We all loved the great bisexual, Freddie Mercury."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Sexual orientation",
"text": "The tabloid newspaper The Sun referred to Mercury as a \"bisexual rock star\" in 1986, who had \"confessed to a string of one-night gay sex affairs\"."
}
] |
The British singer Freddie Mercury was gay.
| 0 | 0 |
Freddie Mercury
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of the age (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63 and Revelation 19) with the American Civil War."
}
] |
Ok1XnXwKDFH0G3SkeTRO
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence | Popularity and widespread use",
"text": "In the years since the Civil War, \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\" has been used frequently as an American patriotic song."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Other songs set to this tune",
"text": "In 1901 Mark Twain wrote \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic, Updated\", with the same tune as the original, as a comment on the Philippine–American War."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Howe's \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\" was first published on the front page of The Atlantic Monthly of February 1862."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Other songs set to this tune",
"text": "Some songs make use of both the melody and elements of the lyrics of \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\", either in tribute or as a parody: \"Marching Song of the First Arkansas\" is a Civil War-era song that has a similar lyrical structure to \"The Battle Hymn of the Republic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Staying at the Willard Hotel in Washington on the night of November 18, 1861, Howe wrote the verses to the \"Battle Hymn of the Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Both \"John Brown\" and \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\" were published in Father Kemp's Old Folks Concert Tunes in 1874 and reprinted in 1889."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\", also known as"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Creation of the \"Battle Hymn\"",
"text": "Kimball's battalion was dispatched to Murray, Kentucky, early in the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe heard this song during a public review of the troops outside Washington, D.C., on Upton Hill, Virginia."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Cultural influences",
"text": "Curry is known for quoting The Battle Hymn during his sermons."
},
{
"section_header": "Recordings and public performances",
"text": "Churchill's favourite hymns were sung, including the \"Battle Hymn of the Republic\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The song links the judgment of the wicked at the end of the age (through allusions to biblical passages such as Isaiah 63 and Revelation 19) with the American Civil War."
}
] |
Battle Hymn of the Republic is about the punishment of the evil during the Revolutionary War.
| 0 | 6 |
Battle Hymn of the Republic
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Contents | Comparisons to other acts",
"text": "Section 7 of the Clayton Act allows greater regulation of mergers than just Sherman Act Section 2, since it does not require a merger-to-monopoly before there is a violation."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Comparisons to other acts",
"text": "It allows the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice to regulate all mergers, and gives the government discretion whether to give approval to a merger or not, which it still commonly does today."
}
] |
OkcHsljB7ZDLEGpiAFqC
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Contents | Section 7",
"text": "Section 7 elaborates on specific and crucial concepts of the Clayton Act; \"holding company\" defined as \"a company whose primary purpose is to hold stocks of other companies\", which the government saw as a \"common and favorite method of promoting monopoly\" and a mere corporated form of the 'old fashioned' trust."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Other",
"text": "However, when exclusive dealings are challenged under Clayton-3 (or Sherman-1), they are treated under the rule of reason."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Comparisons to other acts",
"text": "Section 7 of the Clayton Act allows greater regulation of mergers than just Sherman Act Section 2, since it does not require a merger-to-monopoly before there is a violation."
},
{
"section_header": "Enforcement",
"text": "Procedurally, the Act empowers private parties injured by violations of the Act to sue for treble damages under Section 4 and injunctive relief under Section 16."
},
{
"section_header": "Enforcement",
"text": "Under the Clayton Act, only civil suits could be brought to the court's attention and a provision \"permits a suit in the federal courts for three times the actual damages caused by anything forbidden in the antitrust laws\", including court costs and attorney's fees."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Comparisons to other acts",
"text": "Likewise, mergers that create monopolies would be actionable under Sherman Act Section 2."
},
{
"section_header": "Exemptions",
"text": "Therefore, boycotts, peaceful strikes, peaceful picketing, and collective bargaining are not regulated by this statute."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Comparisons to other acts",
"text": "It allows the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice to regulate all mergers, and gives the government discretion whether to give approval to a merger or not, which it still commonly does today."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Pre-merger notification",
"text": "Section 7a, 15 U.S.C. § 18a, requires that companies notify the Federal Trade Commission and the Assistant Attorney General of the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division of any contemplated mergers and acquisitions that meet or exceed certain thresholds."
},
{
"section_header": "Contents | Other",
"text": "That remains true for tying, under the authority of Jefferson Parish Hospital District No. 2 v. Hyde."
}
] |
Under the Clayton Act, merging companies are held to stricter regulations.
| 0 | 0 |
Clayton Antitrust Act
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The Sunset Strip portion of Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood has been famous for its active nightlife since at least the 1950s."
}
] |
OktLHRfOxk1XpoxNgbaE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1877, Horace H. Wilcox, one of the earlier real estate owners from \"back East\", decided to subdivide his more than 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land (mostly orchards and vineyards) along Sunset Boulevard, including what is today Hollywood and Vine."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The Sunset Strip portion of Sunset Boulevard in West Hollywood has been famous for its active nightlife since at least the 1950s."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The boulevard is commemorated in Billy Wilder's film Sunset Boulevard (1950), the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical of the same name, and the 1950s television series 77 Sunset Strip."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The Buffalo Springfield song \" For What It's Worth\" was written about a riot at Pandora's Box, a Sunset Strip club, in 1966.Metro Local lines 2, 302 and 602 operate on Sunset Boulevard, with the former two running through most of Sunset Boulevard between Downtown LA and UCLA, and the latter from UCLA west."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "From Downtown Los Angeles, the boulevard heads northwest, to Hollywood, through which it travels due west for several miles before it bends southwest towards the ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1890, Belgian diplomat Victor Ponet bought 240 acres (97 ha) of the former Rancho La Brea land grant."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "The portion of Sunset Boulevard that passes through Beverly Hills was once named Beverly Boulevard."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard is at least four lanes wide along its entire route."
}
] |
The Sunset Boulevard has the Sunset Strip and it is more than 20 miles long.
| 0 | 0 |
Sunset Boulevard
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Critics praised its direction, screenplay and performances, while the film grossed $36 million worldwide against its $3 million budget, becoming the 15th highest-grossing film of 1978."
}
] |
Olw8lC2bedhYSb7zA3cN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home was theatrically released on February 15, 1978 to critical and commercial success."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Coming Home premiered at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival, where Voight won the award for Best Actor for his performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They have happy times, play at the beach and fall in love."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Coming Home is a 1978 American romantic drama war film directed by Hal Ashby from a screenplay written by Waldo Salt and Robert C. Jones and from a story by Nancy Dowd."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Coming Home was conceived by Jane Fonda as the first feature for her own production company, IPC Films (for Indochina Peace Campaign), with her associate producer Bruce Gilbert, a friend from her protest days."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Critics praised its direction, screenplay and performances, while the film grossed $36 million worldwide against its $3 million budget, becoming the 15th highest-grossing film of 1978."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "With nothing else to do, she decides to volunteer at a local veterans' (VA) hospital, partially inspired by her bohemian friend Vi Munson, whose brother Billy has come home after just two weeks in Vietnam with grave emotional problems and now resides in the VA hospital."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Alan J. Pakula's Comes a Horseman (1978)."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "However, she remains loyal to her husband, and both she and Luke know that their relationship will have to end when her Bob returns home."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "At that time, Kovic had recently completed his autobiographical book Born on the Fourth of July, which later became an Oscar-winning motion picture of the same name directed by Oliver Stone, starring Tom Cruise as Kovic."
}
] |
Coming home made twelve times in revenues its budget.
| 3 | 5 |
Coming Home (1978 film)
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Alston was named manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers for the 1954 season."
}
] |
On9G4oxKmTcKvfRFmcP0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Alston was an unknown at the major league level and the New York Daily News reported his hiring with the headline \"Walter Who?\"Becoming immediately known for his quiet nature, Alston was sometimes referred to as \"The Quiet Man\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Later life and legacy",
"text": "Ohio State Route 177 was named the Walter \"Smokey\" Alston Memorial Highway in 1999."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "For his 13-season minor league playing career, Alston hit .295 with 176 home runs."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Alston played minor league baseball as an infielder for the Greenwood Chiefs and Huntington Red Birds in 1935 and 1936, respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Alston played for the Portsmouth Red Birds in 1938, finishing the season with a .311 average and 28 home runs as Portsmouth won its only Middle Atlantic League championship."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Alston had been offered the job in Trenton, a minor league farm club of the Brooklyn Dodgers, by Branch Rickey, the executive who had signed him as a player with St. Louis."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Alston was named manager of the Brooklyn Dodgers for the 1954 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "He appeared as a player in two games, which were his final professional playing appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Dodgers executive Buzzie Bavasi fought for Alston to be hired in Brooklyn."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Major leagues | Brooklyn Dodgers",
"text": "Bringing Alston to Brooklyn has been described as Bavasi's biggest contribution to the team's history."
}
] |
Walter Alston played for the Brooklyn Nets.
| 0 | 0 |
Walter Alston
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.