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Geography
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The skyscraper opened on 31 December 2004 to celebrate New Year's Eve."
}
] |
4D0jVq7rtfikAyvmQmQK
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | New Year's Eve fireworks displays",
"text": "2004–2005: Grand opening of Taipei 101 celebrated with the first fireworks display."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Events",
"text": "On 20 November 2005, the First annual Taipei 101 Run Up featured a race up the 2,046 steps from floors 1 to 91."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Interior | Floor directory",
"text": "Before 2014, no information about this club was ever made public."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Taipei 101 (Chinese: 台北101; pinyin: Táiběi"
},
{
"section_header": "History | Events",
"text": "On 28 February 2005, Former President of the United States Bill Clinton visited and signed copies of his autobiography."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Taipei 101 is owned by Taipei Financial Center Corporation."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Observation deck",
"text": "In 2019, its 101 top floor opened for the first time to the public, starting June 14, with only 36 people given access each day."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Events",
"text": "On 19 April 2005, the tower displayed the formula \"E=mc2\" in lights to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the publication of Einstein's theory of relativity."
},
{
"section_header": "History | New Year's Eve fireworks displays",
"text": "It also gained attention on YouTube, where viewers noticed an apparent \"UFO\" in the seconds before the fireworks started, later determined to be a radio-controlled glider with flashing lights."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Events",
"text": "Important dates in the planning and construction of Taipei 101 include the following: Taipei 101 is the site of many special events."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The skyscraper opened on 31 December 2004 to celebrate New Year's Eve."
}
] |
Taipei 101 opened before 2005.
| 1 | 3 |
Taipei 101
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "In 2003, Cyrus received credit under her birth name for her role as \"Young Ruthie\" in Tim Burton's Big Fish."
}
] |
4D2JXRoShCEdkRFp0Ocq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her parents married the year following her birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Her birth name, Destiny Hope, expressed her parents' belief that she would accomplish great things."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "Against the advice of her father's record company, Cyrus' parents secretly married on December 28, 1993, a year after her birth."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 1992–2002: Early life and career beginnings",
"text": "In 2003, Cyrus received credit under her birth name for her role as \"Young Ruthie\" in Tim Burton's Big Fish."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2018–present: She Is Miley Cyrus",
"text": "Miley Cyrus won a 2020 Webby Special Achievement Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2018–present: She Is Miley Cyrus",
"text": "She Is Miley Cyrus and would comprise three six-song EPs, which would be released before the full-length album: She Is Coming on May 31, She Is Here in the summer, and She Is Everything in the fall."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Bangerz and Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz",
"text": "Immediately following the performance, Cyrus announced that her fifth studio album, Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz (2015), was available for free streaming on SoundCloud."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2013–2015: Bangerz and Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz",
"text": "On October 2, MTV aired the documentary Miley: The Movement, that chronicled the recording of her fourth studio album Bangerz, which was released on October 4."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2018–present: She Is Miley Cyrus",
"text": "In August 2019, Cyrus released \"Slide Away\", her first song since announcing her separation from then-husband Hemsworth."
},
{
"section_header": "Life and career | 2018–present: She Is Miley Cyrus",
"text": "Before the release of Younger Now in September 2017, Cyrus expressed she was \"already two songs deep on the next [album]."
}
] |
Miley Cyrus is not the moniker she was given at birth.
| 0 | 0 |
Miley Cyrus
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He advised her to write about what she knew from her own life, and The Yearling was the result."
}
] |
4DpSzaJ80PlMoeJFBK3O
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Yearling is a novel by Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings published in March 1938."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He advised her to write about what she knew from her own life, and The Yearling was the result."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the best-selling novel in America in 1938 and the seventh-best in 1939."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "He experiences tender moments with his family, his fawn, and their neighbors and relatives."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It sold over 250,000 copies in 1938."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It won the 1939 Pulitzer Prize for the Novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was the main selection of the Book of the Month Club in April 1938."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "The book then focuses on Jody's life as he matures along with Flag."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Along with his father, he comes face to face with the rough life of a farmer and hunter."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A 2012 song by singer/songwriter Andrew Peterson, \"The Ballad of Jody Baxter\", deals with themes from The Yearling."
}
] |
The 1938 novel the Yearling was based off the authors life experiences.
| 0 | 0 |
The Yearling
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is semi-autobiographical."
}
] |
4EV90AD3vGyHnHRFyxOg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "O'Neill posthumously received the 1957 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for Long Day's Journey into Night."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Premiere productions",
"text": "Long Day's Journey into Night was first performed by the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm, Sweden."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Long Day's Journey into Night is a drama play in four acts written by American playwright Eugene O'Neill in 1941–42, first published in 1956."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions | Premiere productions",
"text": "The Broadway debut of Long Day's Journey into Night took place at the Helen Hayes Theatre on 7 November 1956, shortly after its American premiere at Boston's Wilbur Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "However, she still retains the haggard facial features of a long-time addict."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play is semi-autobiographical."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The \"Long Day\" refers to the setting of the play, which takes place during one day."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "With irony, she alludes to her belief that this air of detachment might be the very reason he has tolerated her addiction for so long."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act I",
"text": "When Edmund, her younger son, hears her moving around at night and entering the spare bedroom, he becomes alarmed, because this is the room where, in the past, she would satisfy her addiction."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis | Act II",
"text": "When Edmund accepts his mother's excuse that she had been upstairs so long because she had been \"lying down\", Jamie looks at them both contemptuously."
}
] |
Long Day's Journey Into Night is half autobiographical.
| 0 | 4 |
Long Day's Journey Into Night
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They play a game of Liar's Dice against Jones to try and win the key, but they lose."
}
] |
4F19Vjfjs3D7M3wWmP9Q
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest is a 2006 American fantasy swashbuckler film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest received mixed reviews."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest premiered at Disneyland in California on June 24, 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Video game",
"text": "A video game adaptation of the film was developed by Griptonite Games and Amaze Entertainment and released by Buena Vista Games in June–August 2006 for the PlayStation Portable, Nintendo DS and Game Boy Advance."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Marketing",
"text": "Disney produced a comic book adaption in their Junior Graphic Novels: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2007) Disney sponsored a racing yacht in the 2005 edition of the Volvo Ocean Race."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They play a game of Liar's Dice against Jones to try and win the key, but they lose."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "He is also searching for the Dead Man's Chest to free himself from Jones' servitude."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the second installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series and the sequel to Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "Dead Man's Chest earned $423,315,812 in North America and $642,863,913 in other territories, for a worldwide total of $1,066,179,725."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "voodoo priestess Tia Dalma, who reveals Jones' weakness is his heart, which is locked within the Dead Man's Chest."
}
] |
The film Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest features a dice game.
| 0 | 0 |
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest
|
Music
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy",
"text": "West's Fame Kills tour with Lady Gaga was cancelled in response to the controversy."
}
] |
4F54w66hKQzJ0rU6Lg4o
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "On September 13, 2009, during the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards while Taylor Swift was accepting her award for Best Female Video for \"You Belong with Me\", West went on stage and grabbed the microphone to proclaim that Beyoncé's video for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", nominated for the same award, was \"one of the best videos of all time\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy",
"text": "West's Fame Kills tour with Lady Gaga was cancelled in response to the controversy."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy",
"text": "During the ceremony, West crashed the stage and grabbed the microphone from Taylor Swift during her acceptance speech for \"Best Female Video\" in order to proclaim that Beyoncé's video for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", nominated for the same award, was \"one of the best videos of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2007–09: Graduation, 808s and Heartbreak, and VMAs controversy",
"text": "West's controversial incident the following year at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards was arguably his biggest controversy, and led to widespread outrage throughout the music industry."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "When Beyoncé later won the award for Best Video of the Year for \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", she called Swift up on stage so that she could finish her acceptance speech."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "\" On November 2, 2006, when his \"Touch the Sky\" failed to win Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards, West went onto the stage as the award was being presented to Justice and Simian for"
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "On August 30, 2015, West was presented with the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the MTV Video Music Awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "\" At the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards, West was given four minutes to do \"whatever he wanted\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "y'all, I'm just real.\" He then posted two apologies for the outburst on his personal blog; one on the night of the incident, and the other the following day, when he also apologized during an appearance on The Jay Leno Show."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversies | Award shows",
"text": "On November 7, 2006, West apologized for this outburst publicly during his performance as support act for U2 for their Vertigo concert in Brisbane."
}
] |
West's tour with Lady Gaga was cancelled due to the controversy from his outburst on stage during the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.
| 3 | 7 |
Kanye West
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Filming locations",
"text": "The film was shot entirely in Rome and in the studios of Cinecittà."
}
] |
4F67hC6jzvwyDJhYtNQg
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Roman Holiday is a 1953 American romantic comedy film directed and produced by William Wyler."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Richard Curtis film Notting Hill has been likened to \"a 90's London-set version of Roman Holiday\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Filming locations",
"text": "The film was shot entirely in Rome and in the studios of Cinecittà."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1999, Roman Holiday was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "In 1999, Roman Holiday was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Casting",
"text": "Roman Holiday was not Hepburn's first acting job, as she had appeared in Dutch and British films from 1948 and on stage, including the title role in the 1951 Broadway adaptation of Gigi."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Another version was staged in 2004 in Rome under the title Vacanze Romane using the Cole Porter score, supplemented with music by Italian film composer Armando Trovajoli."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Roman Holiday earned an estimated $3 million at the United States and Canadian box office during its first few months of release."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "Paramount Pictures has since licensed three adaptations of Roman Holiday into musicals: In 2012, a musical stage version, following the plot while using the songs of Cole Porter, was presented in Minneapolis."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film was shot at the Cinecittà studios and on location around Rome during the \"Hollywood on the Tiber\" era."
}
] |
Roman Holiday was filmed in Rome.
| 2 | 3 |
Roman Holiday
|
Popular Culture
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"But I'm also a hypocrite: I would never date a girl who was bisexual, because that means they also sleep with men, and men are so dirty that I'd never want to sleep with a girl who had slept with a man."
}
] |
4FSUJOrunSWLVpiKP0Bz
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Megan Denise Fox (born May 16, 1986) is an American actress and model."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Megan Fox was born on May 16, 1986 in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, to parents Gloria Darlene (Cisson) and Franklin Thomas Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "I've had only one great girlfriend my whole life."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "People named her one of 2012's and 2017's Most Beautiful at Every Age."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "With regard to relationships and her sexuality, Fox said that she has a general distrust and dislike of men, and that the perception of her as a \"wild and crazy sexpot\" is false because she is asocial and has only been sexually intimate with her \"childhood sweetheart\" and Brian Austin Green; she stated that she would rather stay at home instead of going out, and emphasized that she cannot have sex with someone she does not love."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Media exposure",
"text": "She considered being typecast as attractive an opportunity to surprise people when she gives a good performance in a film, but said she is interested in portraying less sexualized characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Media exposure",
"text": "In response to the media attention, Fox told magazine Nylon, in September of that year, that \"[the studio] wanted to make sure [the film] would make $700 million, so they oversaturated the media with their stars\" and that she did not \"want to have people get completely sick of [her] before [she's] ever even done something legitimate.\" She became much less prominent in the media by 2010, after starring in the less commercially successful films Jonah Hex and Passion Play."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "DiPaolo concluded that Fox's criticism of the media sexually objectifying girls and women was in stark contrast to her sex symbol status and that this, \"her defiance of director Michael Bay and frequent outspoken comments\" stifled her career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010–present",
"text": "This Is 40. She was the voice of Lois Lane in the film Robot Chicken DC Comics Special, an episode of the television comedy series Robot Chicken, and it aired as a one-off special during Cartoon Network's Adult Swim on September 9, 2012."
},
{
"section_header": "Public image | Status and persona",
"text": "Scholar Marc DiPaolo stated that Fox achieved instant fame as Mikaela in Transformers because a \"highly sexualized, erotically idealized figure draped over a car or motorcycle invariably evokes lust in the heterosexual male onlooker\" and Fox did this by leaning over a Camaro while wearing \"a flimsy pink belly shirt\" and short skirt, which read as \"an unequivocal sex invite\" to male viewers."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "\"But I'm also a hypocrite: I would never date a girl who was bisexual, because that means they also sleep with men, and men are so dirty that I'd never want to sleep with a girl who had slept with a man."
}
] |
Megan Fox has completely normal and healthy opinions on gender and sexuality.
| 4 | 8 |
Megan Fox
|
Technology
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Zynga became the Facebook app developer with the most monthly active users in April 2009, with 40 million people playing their games that month."
}
] |
4FuIe9JKcXr13jVvvobN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Facebook",
"text": "On October 11, 2011, Zynga announced plans to create their own platform on which users can play the company's games."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and controversies | Spam concerns",
"text": "Kotaku attributed the removal of Facebook notifications to a decline of users of Zynga games in April and May 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "In addition, Zynga games are linked to offers from several partners."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | In-game sign-up",
"text": "Because of criticism and complaints that some ads were scams, on November 2, 2009, former CEO Mark Pincus said that Tatto Media, a major offer provider that enrolled users into recurring cell phone subscriptions, and the worst of the lead generator scam, had already been removed from Zynga and was banned, in addition to requiring providers to filter and police offers before posting to their networks."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Customer acquisition",
"text": "The company initially relied on free distribution of its product to users, and later began spending money on marketing."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Facebook",
"text": "In November 2012, Facebook ended its special agreement with Zynga."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model",
"text": "Zynga uses a \"free-to-play\" business model."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Zynga became the Facebook app developer with the most monthly active users in April 2009, with 40 million people playing their games that month."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception and controversies | Intellectual property infringement",
"text": "The managing director of Lightspeed Venture Partners said that creating similar competing games has \"always been part of the game industry.\" Following Zynga's January 2012 release of Hidden Chronicles, Paul Tassi of Forbes wrote that Zynga \"refuses to innovate in any way, and is merely a follower when it comes to ideas and game design.\" In September 2009 Zynga was threatened with legal action by Nissan for using their trademarks in the game Street Racing."
},
{
"section_header": "Relationship with Facebook",
"text": "Effective March 31, 2013, Zynga was bound by the standard Facebook Platform policies."
}
] |
Zynga and Facebook partnered as a way for Zynga to provide free games to users.
| 0 | 3 |
Zynga
|
Science
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately 860 light-years (260 pc) from Earth."
}
] |
4G1j6l2kwUzLh6xlOUZ7
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Observation",
"text": "In the Southern Hemisphere, Rigel is the first bright star of Orion visible as the constellation rises."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "With the constellation representing the mythological Greek huntsman Orion, Rigel is his knee or (as its name suggests) foot; with the nearby star Beta Eridani marking Orion's footstool."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "The Wardaman people of northern Australia know Rigel as the Red Kangaroo Leader Unumburrgu and chief conductor of ceremonies in a songline when Orion is high in the sky."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel , designated β Orionis (Latinized to Beta Orionis, abbreviated Beta Ori, β Ori), is a blue supergiant star in the constellation of Orion, approximately 860 light-years (260 pc) from Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "The \"beta\" designation is commonly given to the second-brightest star in each constellation, but Rigel is almost always brighter than α Orionis (Betelgeuse)."
},
{
"section_header": "Distance",
"text": "Rigel is thought to be considerably closer than most of the members of Orion OB1 and the Orion Nebula."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "In Japan, the Minamoto or Genji clan chose Rigel and its white color as its symbol, calling the star Genji-boshi (源氏星), while the Taira or Heike clan adopted Betelgeuse and its red color."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Rigel is generally the seventh-brightest star in the night sky and the brightest star in Orion, though it is occasionally outshone by Betelgeuse, which varies over a larger range."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology and cultural significance",
"text": "Eridanus, the river, marks a line of stars in the sky leading to it, and the other stars of Orion are his ceremonial tools and entourage."
},
{
"section_header": "Nomenclature",
"text": "Rigel and Betelgeuse were both considered to be of the first magnitude class, and in Orion the stars of each class are thought to have been ordered north to south."
}
] |
Rigel is a red star in the constellation of Orion.
| 4 | 6 |
Rigel
|
Music
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Science and nature | Pigments - Pinke",
"text": "In the 17th century, the word pink or pinke was also used to describe a yellowish pigment, which was mixed with blue colors to yield greenish colors."
}
] |
4GAAraMUXFuWJE1LB6C5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Sports",
"text": "WWE Hall of Famer Bret Hart, as well as other members of the Hart wrestling family, is known for his pink and black wrestling attire."
},
{
"section_header": "History, art and fashion | 18th century",
"text": "Sarah Moulton was just eleven years old when the picture was painted, and died the following year."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Social movements",
"text": "The group welcome the input of other people touched by adoption, especially people who were adopted as children and are now adults."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Pink in other languages",
"text": "In English \"rose\", too, often refers to both the flower and the color."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Food and beverages",
"text": "Many strawberry and raspberry-flavored foods are colored pink and light red as well, sometimes to distinguish them from cherry-flavored foods that are more commonly colored dark red (although raspberry-flavored foods, particularly in the United States, are often colored blue as well)."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Food and beverages",
"text": "The most common pink food coloring is erythrosine, also known as Red No. 3, an organoiodine compound, a derivative of fluorone, which is a cherry-pink synthetic."
},
{
"section_header": "Science and nature | Pink coloration of meat and seafood",
"text": "When beef is cooked, the myoglobin proteins undergo oxidation, and gradually turn from red to pink to brown; that is, from rare to medium to well-done."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Idioms and expressions",
"text": "Romeo: Then my pump is well flowered.\" To see pink elephants means to hallucinate from alcoholism."
},
{
"section_header": "Science and nature | Pink coloration of meat and seafood",
"text": "Traditional hams, such as prosciutto, are made by taking the hind leg or thigh of a pig, covering it with sea salt, which removes the moisture content, and then letting it dry or cure for as long as two years."
},
{
"section_header": "In symbolism and culture | Sexuality",
"text": "In Russian, pink (розовый, rozovyj) is used to refer to lesbians, and light blue (голубой, goluboj) refers to gay men."
},
{
"section_header": "Science and nature | Pigments - Pinke",
"text": "In the 17th century, the word pink or pinke was also used to describe a yellowish pigment, which was mixed with blue colors to yield greenish colors."
}
] |
Pink referred to the color now known as "yellow" as well, 300+ years ago.
| 1 | 3 |
Pink
|
Literature
| 6 |
[
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Overall, the book received favourable reviews from literary critics."
}
] |
4GIwXvWEIXu3R9Z2mer5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Overall, the book received favourable reviews from literary critics."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the United Kingdom, The Satanic Verses received positive reviews, was a 1988 Booker Prize finalist (losing to Peter Carey's Oscar and Lucinda) and won the 1988 Whitbread Award for novel of the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "The book is seen as \"fundamentally a study in alienation.\"Muhammd"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Dream sequences",
"text": "The second sequence tells the story of Ayesha, an Indian peasant girl who claims to be receiving revelations from the Archangel Gibreel."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Within the book he referenced everything from mythology to \"one-liners invoking recent popular culture\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "\" The work is an \"albeit surreal, record of its own author's continuing identity crisis.\" Ally said that the book reveals the author ultimately as \"the victim of nineteenth-century British colonialism.\" Rushdie himself spoke confirming this interpretation of his book, saying that it was not about Islam, \"but about migration, metamorphosis, divided selves, love, death, London and Bombay."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "The tone is comic.\"After the Satanic Verses controversy developed, some scholars familiar with the book and the whole of Rushdie's work, like M. D. Fletcher, saw the reaction as ironic."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "In a 2003 volume of criticism of Rushdie's career, the influential critic Harold Bloom named The Satanic Verses \"Rushdie's largest aesthetic achievement\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism and analysis",
"text": "Within the book \"there are major parallel stories, alternating dream and reality sequences, tied together by the recurring names of the characters in each; this provides intertexts within each novel which comment on the other stories."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "Pakistan banned the book in November 1988."
}
] |
The book received favorable reviews from literacy critics.
| 2 | 7 |
The Satanic Verses
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his \"tales of ratiocination\".C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women."
}
] |
4H4kD7TBfnvtjE8Xhitl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Dupin reappeared in \"The Purloined Letter\", which Poe called \"perhaps the best of my tales of ratiocination\" in a letter to James Russell Lowell in July 1844.The original manuscript of \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" which was used for its first printing in Graham's Magazine was discarded in a wastebasket."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "It has also been adapted as a video game by Big Fish Games for their \"Dark Tales\" franchise under the title \"Dark Tales: Edgar Allan Poe's Murders in the Rue Morgue\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "This version included 52 changes from the original text from Graham's, including the new line: \"The Prefect is somewhat too cunning to be profound\", a change from the original \"too cunning to be acute\". \" The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" was also reprinted in Wiley & Putnam's collection of Poe's stories simply called Tales."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis",
"text": "\" Dupin is not a professional detective; he decides to investigate the murders in the Rue Morgue for his personal amusement."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes and analysis",
"text": "In a letter to friend Dr. Joseph Snodgrass, Poe said of \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\", \"its theme was the exercise of ingenuity in detecting a murderer."
},
{
"section_header": "Inspiration",
"text": "The word detective did not exist at the time Poe wrote \"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\", though there were other stories that featured similar problem-solving characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been described as the first modern detective story; Poe referred to it as one of his \"tales of ratiocination\".C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mystery of the brutal murder of two women."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary significance and reception",
"text": "\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" also established many tropes that would become common elements in mystery fiction: the eccentric but brilliant detective, the bumbling constabulary, the first-person narration by a close personal friend."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A made-for-TV movie, The Murders in the Rue Morgue, aired in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\" has been adapted for radio, film and television many times."
}
] |
The Murders in the Rue Morgue has been called the 1st contemporary detective tale.
| 3 | 6 |
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a retired American baseball left fielder who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and 2 seasons for the Oakland Athletics."
}
] |
4H5FZCd0FLaI5cgcfFze
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Williams struggled defensively in the first few years of his career, leading NL outfielders in errors as a rookie."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Early in his career, this earned him the nickname \"Sweet-Swinging Billy Williams,\" sometimes shortened to \"Sweet Williams\" or \"Sweet Billy\"."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Williams debuted with the Cubs late in the 1959 season and played in a total of 30 games in both the 1959 and 1960 seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Williams joined a Chicago Cubs team that by the early 1960s would feature stars such as Ernie Banks, Ferguson Jenkins, and Ron Santo."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "Rogers Hornsby (winner of seven NL batting titles), who by 1960 was serving as a scout and coach in the Cubs organization, predicted Williams would someday win a batting title."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Entering professional baseball in 1956, Williams started his minor league career with the Ponca City Cubs of the Sooner State League."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "In 1961, he played in 146 games and was selected as the NL Rookie of the Year."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "That year, he hit 25 home runs and drove in 86 runs."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "In 1962, 1964, and 1965, he was named an NL"
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Chicago Cubs",
"text": "All-Star. He won the NL Player of the Month Award in May 1964 with a .455 average, 8 HR, and 22 RBI."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Billy Leo Williams (born June 15, 1938) is a retired American baseball left fielder who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs and 2 seasons for the Oakland Athletics."
}
] |
Billy Williams spent most of his career with the Cubs.
| 0 | 0 |
Billy Williams
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Haiti is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States (OAS), Association of Caribbean States, and the International Francophonie Organisation."
}
] |
4HI5LVXTaENFZEuNm4nL
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-occupation era (1934–1957)",
"text": "On 27 September 1945, Haiti became a founding member of the United Nations (the successor to the League of Nations, of which Haiti was also a founding member).In 1946"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Haiti is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States (OAS), Association of Caribbean States, and the International Francophonie Organisation."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "Haiti is a member of a wide range of international and regional organizations, such as the United Nations, Caricom, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, International Monetary Fund, Organisation of American States, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, OPANAL and the World Trade Organization."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | United States occupation (1915–1934)",
"text": "In December 1914, the Americans removed $500,000 from the Haitian National Bank, but rather than seize it to help pay the debt, it was removed for safe-keeping in New York, thus giving the United States control of the bank and preventing other powers from doing so."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Duvalier era (1986–2004)",
"text": "As political violence and crime continued to grow, a United Nations Stabilisation Mission (MINUSTAH) was brought in to maintain order."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-Aristide era (2004–present)",
"text": "After years of denial the United Nations apologized in 2016, but as of 2017, they have refused to acknowledge fault, thus avoiding financial responsibility."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "After Aristide's departure in 2004, aid was restored and the Brazilian army led a United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti peacekeeping operation."
},
{
"section_header": "Government and politics | Foreign relations",
"text": "In February 2012, Haiti signaled it would seek to upgrade its observer status to full associate member status of the African Union (AU)."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Independent Haiti | Post-occupation era (1934–1957)",
"text": "Congressman Hamilton Fish, ranking member of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, called the Parsley Massacre \"the most outrageous atrocity that has ever been perpetrated on the American continent."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "Haiti ranked 145 of 182 countries in the 2010 United Nations Human Development Index, with 57.3% of the population being deprived in at least three of the HDI's poverty measures."
}
] |
Haiti is a member of the United Nations.
| 1 | 1 |
Haiti
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Late in his life he was briefly director of New York's Metropolitan Opera and the New York Philharmonic."
}
] |
4HNRpgtRG7Btsqz1ExHR
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "\" Mitchell concludes with the statement: \"Even were his own music not to survive, Mahler would still enjoy a substantial immortality in the music of these pre-eminent successors who have embraced his art and assimilated his techniques.\" In Hamburg, the Gustav Mahler Museum is dedicated to Gustav Mahler's life and work."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Reception | Modern revival",
"text": "If only I might live to see it, with you at my side!\" Carr observes that Mahler could conceivably have lived to see \"his day\"; his near-contemporary Richard Strauss survived until 1949, while Sibelius, just five years younger than Mahler, lived until 1957."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Antecedents and influences",
"text": "Mahler was a \"late Romantic,\" part of an ideal that placed Austro-German classical music on a higher plane than other types, through its supposed possession of particular spiritual and philosophical significance."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Hofoper director",
"text": "In the Figaro production, Mahler offended some purists by adding and composing a short recitative scene to Act III."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Style",
"text": "Mahler himself recognised the idiosyncrasies in his work, calling the Scherzo in the Third Symphony \"the most farcical and at the same time the most tragic piece that ever existed ... It is as though all nature is making faces and sticking out its tongue."
},
{
"section_header": "Music | Memorials and museums",
"text": "It is situated in the animal park next to the Gustav Mahler Stube."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Childhood",
"text": "Although Gustav loved making music, his school reports from the Iglau Gymnasium portrayed him as absent-minded and unreliable in academic work."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Student days",
"text": "Mahler developed interests in German philosophy, and was introduced by his friend Siegfried Lipiner to the works of Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Gustav Fechner and Hermann Lotze."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Student days",
"text": "He attended occasional lectures by Anton Bruckner and, though never formally his pupil, was influenced by him."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Marriage, family, tragedy",
"text": "The illness was, however, a further depressing factor; at the end of the summer the villa at Maiernigg was closed, and never revisited."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Late in his life he was briefly director of New York's Metropolitan Opera and the New York Philharmonic."
}
] |
Gustav Mahler never got to live out his dream of working in the N.Y classical music scene.
| 0 | 0 |
Gustav Mahler
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Exo (Korean: 엑소; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul, with nine members: Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai and Sehun."
}
] |
4HPIkb5p0Uq8O0VDyoJf
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It sold over one million copies, which made Exo the first Korean artist to do so in twelve years."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and influence",
"text": "In 2018, Exo became \"quintuple million sellers\", meaning the band has sold over one million copies apiece for five different albums."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2018–present: International recognition",
"text": "This achievement made Exo the first non-Japanese band whose debut single and debut studio album both reached number one on the weekly Oricon chart."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and influence",
"text": "Following the release of their 5th studio album, Don't Mess Up My Tempo, Exo became the first South Korean artist who debuted in the 21st century to sell 10 million albums cumulatively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Exo (Korean: 엑소; stylized in all caps) is a South Korean–Chinese boy band based in Seoul, with nine members: Xiumin, Suho, Lay, Baekhyun, Chen, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai and Sehun."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The band ranked as one of the top five most influential celebrities on the Forbes Korea Power Celebrity list each year from 2014 to 2018, and have been named \"the biggest boy band in the world\" and the \"kings of K-pop\" by media outlets."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2018–present: International recognition",
"text": "With the release of Don't Mess Up My Tempo, Exo became the first artist to surpass 10 million total album sales in South Korea."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2018–present: International recognition",
"text": "Don't Mess Up My Tempo sold 1,951,879 copes in South Korea in 2018 and is Exo's best selling album."
},
{
"section_header": "Impact and influence",
"text": "They have gained immense popularity in South Korea, and were named by Forbes on the Korea Power Celebrity list as the most powerful celebrities in South Korea for 2015 and 2016; within the top five for 2014, 2017, and 2018; and within the top 10 for 2019 They have been given a number of honorific nicknames such as \"Kings of K-Pop\" by international outlets Vogue, Metro, PageOne and South Korean outlets including OBS among others."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 2015: Critical acclaim",
"text": "Five days later, Exo released a special single titled \"Lightsaber\" to promote the movie Star Wars: The Force Awakens ahead of its release in South Korea, as part of a collaboration between SM Entertainment and Walt Disney."
}
] |
The band Exo is made up of five South Korean musicians.
| 0 | 0 |
Exo (band)
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as legal counsel for Major League Baseball owners for almost 20 years prior to his election as commissioner."
}
] |
4I2GCLDILLQ3MMwB6h4i
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Leaving office",
"text": "However, his hardline stand on PEDs and the 1981 strike caused most of the MLB owners to turn against him."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "Jenkins was not further punished by MLB for the incident, as he remained active until his retirement following the 1983 season."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "Legatus later memorialized him for his dedication and service to the organization by establishing the \"Bowie Kuhn Award for Evangelization\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Life after baseball",
"text": "Bowie was a member of the Catholic Organization for President's and CEO's, Legatus and was influential in chartering the chapter of Legatus in Jacksonville, FL."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Bowie Kent Kuhn (; October 28, 1926 – March 15, 2007) was an American lawyer and sports administrator who served as the fifth Commissioner of Major League Baseball from February 4, 1969 to September 30, 1984."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Kuhn's war on drugs",
"text": "But the Hall of Fame was also damaged. ... The message that got through to the public, loosely translated, was that the Hall of Fame was a racist institution. ... Bowie Kuhn would have been a better friend to the Hall of Fame if he had led them to come to terms with their institutional racism in private, rather than leading them to expose it to the public.\" After being in office for over ten years, Kuhn had grown a strong reputation for being hard on players who abused drugs."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Curt Flood",
"text": "In a letter to Kuhn, Flood demanded that the commissioner declare him a free agent."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Curt Flood | Flood v. Kuhn",
"text": "The case, Flood v. Kuhn (407 U.S. 258) eventually went to the Supreme Court."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Charles O. Finley",
"text": "Though he had a reputation as an owners' commissioner, Kuhn did not avoid confronting at least one owner whom he disliked."
},
{
"section_header": "Actions as commissioner | Curt Flood | Flood v. Kuhn",
"text": "Kuhn denied his request, citing the propriety of the reserve clause, which was language in contracts that essentially prevented a player from playing with another team even after his contract expired."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He served as legal counsel for Major League Baseball owners for almost 20 years prior to his election as commissioner."
}
] |
Bowie Kuhn was MLB commissioner.
| 1 | 4 |
Bowie Kuhn
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "Longfellow was introduced to the true story of the Acadians in Nova Scotia by his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne, who was told a story of separated Acadian lovers by"
}
] |
4IOBGfU9dQv8D7Qc1adh
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Influence | Film",
"text": "In 1919, Raoul Walsh made a film based on the poem for 20th Century Fox."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis",
"text": "Evangeline is one of the few nineteenth-century compositions in that meter which is still read today."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "A half-hour suite of guitar music by guitarist and composer Loren Mazzacane Connors, based on scenes in the Longfellow story, was released as a compact disc titled Evangeline (RoadCone, 1998), with a title track vocal by Suzanne Langille."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie is an epic poem by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, written in English and published in 1847."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "Indie folk artist Tony Halchak released an EP titled A Tale of Acadie in 2011, based on the poem but told from Gabriel's point of view."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Film",
"text": "The film was one of the duo's biggest hits but is now lost."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence",
"text": "Longfellow omitted from the poem New England's responsibility for the event."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Landmarks and statues",
"text": "Another site claiming to have relation to the historical figures that Evangeline was based upon is the Arceneaux House in Hamshire, Texas, which is marked by a Texas Historical Marker."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "An opera based on Evangeline, composed by Colin Doroschuk, debuted in 2012 in reduced concert form, and was first performed in full in 2014 at Opéra-Théâtre de Rimouski."
},
{
"section_header": "Influence | Music and musical theatre",
"text": "The Canadian folk singer-songwriter Susan Crowe mentions the \"statue of Evangeline\" in her song \"Your One and Only Life\", the first track on an album entitled The Door to the River released in 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition and publication history",
"text": "Longfellow was introduced to the true story of the Acadians in Nova Scotia by his friend Nathaniel Hawthorne, who was told a story of separated Acadian lovers by"
}
] |
The poem Evangeline was based on someone Longfellow knew.
| 3 | 4 |
Evangeline
|
Literature
| 7 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Aziz's arrest",
"text": "At the train station, Aziz is arrested and charged with sexually assaulting Adela in a cave."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Trial scene",
"text": "At the time, Adela mistakenly interpreted her shock as an assault by Aziz."
}
] |
4IS2mEyQfNWrJhotGCHB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A Passage to India (1924) is a novel by English author E. M. Forster set against the backdrop of the British Raj and the Indian independence movement in the 1920s."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is based on Forster's experiences in India, deriving the title from Walt Whitman's 1870 poem \"Passage to India\" in Leaves of Grass."
},
{
"section_header": "Character list",
"text": "Adela Quested A young British schoolmistress who is visiting India with the vague intention of marrying Ronny Heaslop."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism",
"text": "Reviews of A Passage to India when it was first published challenged specific details and attitudes included in the book that Forster drew from his own time in India."
},
{
"section_header": "Character list",
"text": "Though not a bad man, he shares many of his colonial colleagues' racist view of Indians."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Aftermath",
"text": "Aziz believes that he is leaving to marry Adela for her money."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "1925 Femina Vie Heureuse A Passage to India (play), A play written by Santha Rama Rau based on the novel that ran on the West End in 1960, and on Broadway in 1962."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism",
"text": "A Passage to India emerged at a time where portrayals of India as a savage, disorganized land in need of domination were more popular in mainstream European literature than romanticized depictions."
},
{
"section_header": "Character list",
"text": "Adela also states in open court that she doesn't love him anymore."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary criticism",
"text": "The nature of critiques of A Passage to India is largely based upon the era of writing and the nature of the critical work."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Aziz's arrest",
"text": "At the train station, Aziz is arrested and charged with sexually assaulting Adela in a cave."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary | Trial scene",
"text": "At the time, Adela mistakenly interpreted her shock as an assault by Aziz."
}
] |
The 1924 novel, A Passage to India, tells the story of Adela and her trip to India where she falls in love and marries an Indian man.
| 3 | 8 |
A Passage to India
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I."
}
] |
4Ir4cqpc7Wet0GjjUCqn
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Throughout 1917, Bolsheviks called for the overthrow of the Provisional Government and an end to the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Lasting effects",
"text": "In the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that ended World War I, one clause abrogated the Brest-Litovsk treaty."
},
{
"section_header": "Terms of the treaty | Signing",
"text": "The treaty marked Russia's final withdrawal from World War I as an enemy of her co-signatories, on severe terms."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (also known as the Treaty of Brest in Russia) was a peace treaty signed on March 3, 1918, between the new Bolshevik government of Russia and the Central Powers (German Empire, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I."
},
{
"section_header": "Lasting effects",
"text": "The Polish–Soviet War was particularly bitter; it ended with the Treaty of Riga in 1921."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The treaty was signed at German-controlled Brest-Litovsk (Polish: Brześć Litewski; since 1945, Brest, nowadays in Belarus), after two months of negotiations."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The Decree called \"upon all the belligerent nations and their governments to start immediate negotiations for peace\" and proposed an immediate withdrawal of Russia from World War I. Leon Trotsky was appointed Commissar of Foreign Affairs in the new Bolshevik government."
},
{
"section_header": "Terms of the treaty | Signing",
"text": "The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on 3 March 1918."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "A top priority of the newly established Soviet government was to end the war."
},
{
"section_header": "Peace negotiations",
"text": "Lenin told the Central Committee that \"you must sign this shameful peace in order to save the world revolution\"."
}
] |
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed in what is called Belarus and ended France's campaign in World War l.
| 0 | 0 |
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mrs. Miniver is a 1942 American romantic war drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon."
}
] |
4J2i0oDDXsH8zz75Qide
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Screenplay",
"text": "The script was written over many months, and during that time, the United States moved closer to war."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Reactions to propaganda elements",
"text": "Joseph Goebbels, minister of Nazi propaganda, wrote: [Mrs. Miniver] shows the destiny of a family during the current war, and its refined powerful propagandistic tendency has up to now only been dreamed of."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Later, Kay and her family take refuge in their Anderson shelter in the garden during an air raid, and attempt to keep their minds off the frightening bombing by reading Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, which Clem refers to as a \"lovely story\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mrs. Miniver is a 1942 American romantic war drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Greer Garson and Walter Pidgeon."
}
] |
This is a comedic movie about the Americas during WWII.
| 0 | 0 |
Mrs. Miniver
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dorrel Norman Elvert \"Whitey\" Herzog (; born November 9, 1931) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and manager, most notable for his Major League Baseball (MLB) managerial career."
}
] |
4JG7mS0mQ1yRcKPHly6B
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Post-Cardinals career | Failed General Manager stint",
"text": "He feuded with the team Vice President and \"alienated several players with his brash, sometimes abusive"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in New Athens, Illinois, Herzog made his MLB debut as a player in 1956 with the Washington Senators."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Managerial success",
"text": "In a 1983 poll of MLB players by The New York Times, Herzog was voted best manager in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In reference to his success as a player versus his success as a manager, Herzog once said, \"Baseball has been good to me since I quit trying to play it.\" (Herzog has made this statement several times, most recently in an interview with Fox Sports Midwest which has aired several times in August and September 2007 during St. Louis Cardinals rain delays)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dorrel Norman Elvert \"Whitey\" Herzog (; born November 9, 1931) is an American former professional baseball outfielder and manager, most notable for his Major League Baseball (MLB) managerial career."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Texas Rangers",
"text": "Taking over the only MLB team that reached 100 losses in 1972, he junked the platoon system used heavily by his predecessor Ted Williams."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Herzog was the second of three children born in Illinois to Edgar and Lietta Herzog."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Post-Cardinals career",
"text": "Herzog replied, \"Well, you're trying to be funny now, Marv."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Herzog attended New Athens High School where he played basketball and baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial career | Post-Cardinals career | Failed General Manager stint",
"text": "style\". Herzog had boasted of bringing the Angels their first World Series title."
}
] |
Herzog was sometimes referred to as "Whitey" in MLB.
| 0 | 0 |
Whitey Herzog
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics, and is considered among the best films of all time."
}
] |
4JgfXm6fKuwOFjizvCtw
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 95% based on 60 reviews, with an average rating of 9.02/10."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It Hot is considered one of the final nails in the coffin for the Hays Code."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some Like It Hot opened to critical and commercial success and is considered to be one of the greatest films of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics, and is considered among the best films of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Roger Ebert wrote about the movie, \"Wilder's 1959 comedy is one of the enduring treasures of the movies, a film of inspiration and meticulous craft.\" John McCarten of The New Yorker referred to the film as \"a jolly, carefree enterprise\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\" Metacritic, another review aggregator, assigned the film a weighted average score of 98 out of 100, based on 19 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Actor, Best Director and Best Adapted Screenplay."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "By 1962, the film had grossed $14 million in the US.In 1989, this film became one of the first 25 inducted into the United States National Film Registry."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1989, the Library of Congress selected it as one of the first 25 films for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "\"I was sure Tony was right for it,\" explained Wilder, \"because he was quite handsome, and when he tells Marilyn that he is one of the Shell Oil family, she has to be able to believe it\"."
}
] |
Some Like It Hot has been considered one of the best movies ever with Rotten Tomatoes giving the film an approval rating of 95% based on 60 reviews.
| 0 | 0 |
Some Like It Hot
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lloyd James Waner (March 16, 1906 – July 22, 1982), nicknamed \"Little Poison\", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) center fielder."
}
] |
4Ji7xTm77Iu6XPeJbIqy
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Waner started his professional baseball career in 1925 with the San Francisco Seals of the Pacific Coast League, but he hit poorly."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "Waner broke into the major leagues with the Pirates in 1927 and quickly built his reputation as a slap hitter with an astute sense of plate discipline."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Lloyd James Waner (March 16, 1906 – July 22, 1982), nicknamed \"Little Poison\", was a Major League Baseball (MLB) center fielder."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Lloyd graduated from McLoud High School and attended three semesters at East Central State University in Ada, Oklahoma before going into professional baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1926, he batted .345 in the Class B South Atlantic League."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Early career",
"text": "As the leadoff hitter of the powerful Pittsburgh offense, he led the National League (NL) with 133 runs scored."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Later career",
"text": "He led the league in putouts four times, using his excellent speed to cover the spacious Forbes Field outfield."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Middle career",
"text": "over the next two years, though he did not lead the league in any offensive categories or place in the MVP voting during those seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Influenced by their father, who was a minor league player in Oklahoma City, Paul and Lloyd's love and natural talent for the game developed over the years."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Later career",
"text": "Waner was also an accomplished center fielder."
}
] |
Waner was a professional major league pitcher.
| 0 | 0 |
Lloyd Waner
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Currently it also has the lowest homicide rate in the Americas after Canada."
}
] |
4KI4kTW5iNXq6DdOV3iI
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Spanish colonization",
"text": "Cut off to the north by desert, to the south by the Mapuche, to the east by the Andes Mountains, and to the west by the ocean, Chile became one of the most centralized, homogeneous colonies in Spanish America."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "In May 2010 Chile became the first South American country to join the OECD."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity | Flora and fauna",
"text": "The native flora of Chile consists of relatively fewer species compared to the flora of other South American countries."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chile ( (listen), ; Spanish: [ˈtʃile]), officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish: República de Chile ), is a country in western South America."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "A long and narrow coastal Southern Cone country on the west side of the Andes Mountains, Chile stretches over 4,300 km (2,670 mi) north to south, but only 350 km (217 mi) at its widest point east to west."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Languages",
"text": "The Spanish spoken in Chile is distinctively accented and quite unlike that of neighboring South American countries because final syllables are often dropped, and some consonants have a soft pronunciation."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Folklore",
"text": "Due to cultural and historical reasons, they are classified and distinguished four major areas in the country: northern areas, central, southern and south."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Music and dance",
"text": "Its large geography generates different musical styles in the north, center and south of the country, including also Easter Island and Mapuche music."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Currently it also has the lowest homicide rate in the Americas after Canada."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Chile borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south."
}
] |
The South American country, Chile, has the smallest rate of individuals killing other individuals in the North, Central, and South Americas.
| 3 | 4 |
Chile
|
Sports
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache."
}
] |
4Kbb5j0A5rtP2JMHbg6X
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Family and later years",
"text": "He was \"well known\" and a \"well liked\" figure at the federal building in Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He and five of his brothers also played on a local baseball team known as the Danville Browns."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Manager Bill Watkins in 1922 called Thompson \"the greatest natural hitter of all time.\" Defensively, Thompson was known to have one of the strongest arms of any outfielder in the early decades of the game."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At 6 feet, 2 inches, the Indiana native was one of the larger players of his day and was known for his prominent handlebar mustache."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Philadelphia Phillies | 1889-1892 seasons",
"text": "On October 16, 1888, Thompson was purchased from the Wolverines by the Philadelphia Quakers (known as the Philadelphia Phillies beginning in 1890), for $5,000 cash (equal to $142,278 today).In his first season with Philadelphia, Thompson hit .296 and led the National League with a career-high 20 home runs."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Detroit Wolverines | 1885 and 1886 seasons",
"text": "In 1886, team owner Frederick K. Stearns made a big splash when he purchased the Buffalo infield that had become known as the \"Big Four\", consisting of Dan Brouthers, Hardy Richardson, Jack Rowe, and Deacon White."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "Thompson was born in Danville, Indiana, in 1860."
},
{
"section_header": "Family and later years",
"text": "Thompson died in 1922 at age 62."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Detroit Wolverines | 1885 and 1886 seasons",
"text": "The Wolverines were in last place when Thompson joined the club, but won 12 of their first 13 games after Thompson took over in right field."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career | Philadelphia Phillies | 1893-1895 seasons",
"text": "From 1893 to 1895, Thompson hit his stride with the Phillies."
}
] |
Thompson was known for his bald head.
| 1 | 2 |
Sam Thompson
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rains left school after the second grade to sell newspapers so that he could bring the pennies and halfpennies home for his mother."
}
] |
4LEcDbRlgII9EtQFD2dR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early career and military service",
"text": "Claude Rains was one of my teachers at RADA."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Claude Rains: truly a class act, on and off screen."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "What am I going to do? Eventually we worked together quite a lot and became really great friends, really great friends."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "William Claude Rains was born on 10 November 1889 in Clapham, London."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Claude found this ramp business a bit embarrassing and very funny."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He also did not go to see the rushes of the day's filming \"because he told me, every time he went he was horrified by his huge face on the huge screen, that he just never went back again.\" Rains signed a long-term contract with Warner Bros. on 27 November 1935 with Warner able to exercise the right to loan him to other studios and Rains having a potential income of up to $750,000 over seven years."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "William Claude Rains (10 November 1889 – 30 May 1967) was a British-American film and stage actor whose career spanned almost seven decades."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Claude was an extremely private man--he never discussed his humble beginnings, his six marriages."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "A number of clips from many of her most successful films were shown and I was particularly delighted, when, as soon as Claude Rains appeared in the close-up of one of the clips, the whole audience burst into a great wave of applause."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "As all of us \"other era people,\" we don't just run through lines and say \"turn the camera\", we rehearse beforehand... Anyway Claude"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rains left school after the second grade to sell newspapers so that he could bring the pennies and halfpennies home for his mother."
}
] |
Claude Rains did not go to college.
| 0 | 0 |
Claude Rains
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "It is dedicated to both the actress and her mother, and encourages women to address important issues affecting their gender."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "She remained close to her family throughout her life."
}
] |
4LZYfMxwWrUpNExc28qt
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood success (1932–1934)",
"text": "\" Hepburn's third picture confirmed her as a major actress in Hollywood."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Film, television, and theatre (1971–1983)",
"text": "She received a standing ovation, and joked with the audience, \"I'm very happy"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Success in later years (1963–1970)",
"text": "The movie dealt with the subject of interracial marriage, with Hepburn's niece, Katharine Houghton, playing her daughter."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Public image and character",
"text": "me person\". She saw herself as having a happy nature, reasoning \"I like life"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood success (1932–1934)",
"text": "The Variety review declared, \"Standout here is the smash impression made by Katharine Hepburn in her first picture assignment."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Hollywood success (1932–1934)",
"text": "The picture was not commercially successful, but Hepburn's reviews were good."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "After Hepburn's death in 2003, the intersection of East 49th Street and 2nd Avenue was renamed \"Katharine Hepburn Place\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "Selections from the New York collection, which documents Hepburn's theatrical career, were presented in a five-month exhibition, Katharine Hepburn: In Her Own Files, in 2009."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "Three years later Bryn Mawr College, Hepburn's alma mater, launched the Katharine Houghton Hepburn Center."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life | Relationships | Spencer Tracy",
"text": "She mothered and obeyed him, and Tracy became heavily dependent on her."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Memorials",
"text": "It is dedicated to both the actress and her mother, and encourages women to address important issues affecting their gender."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and education",
"text": "She remained close to her family throughout her life."
}
] |
Katharine Hepburn's mother was not happy about her career in Hollywood.
| 0 | 0 |
Katharine Hepburn
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Air conditioning",
"text": "At peak cooling times, the tower's cooling is 46 MW (62,000 hp), equivalent to that provided by 13,000 short tons (26,000,000 lb; 12,000,000 kg) of melting ice in one day."
}
] |
4Lasa13vUtFUM0lVwNSg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Burj Khalifa park",
"text": "Benches and signs incorporate images of Burj Khalifa and the Hymenocallis flower."
},
{
"section_header": "Features | Burj Khalifa park",
"text": "Burj Khalifa is surrounded by an 11 ha (27-acre) park designed by landscape architects SWA Group."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "\"Weak to very weak sandstone and siltstone\" was found, just metres below the surface."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "This 244-metre spire is widely considered vanity height, since very little of its space is usable."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "The Burj Khalifa is highly compartmentalised."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure",
"text": "Samples were taken from test holes drilled to a depth of 140 metres, finding weak to very weak rock all the way."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "Burj Khalifa was also the recipient of the following awards."
},
{
"section_header": "Construction and structure | Milestones",
"text": "Burj Dubai renamed Burj Khalifa in honour of the President of the UAE and ruler of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed al Nahyan."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "In its early planning, Burj Khalifa was intended to be entirely residential."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design",
"text": "Without the spire, Burj Khalifa would be 585 meters tall."
},
{
"section_header": "Architecture and design | Air conditioning",
"text": "At peak cooling times, the tower's cooling is 46 MW (62,000 hp), equivalent to that provided by 13,000 short tons (26,000,000 lb; 12,000,000 kg) of melting ice in one day."
}
] |
The Burj Khalifa is very efficient and environmentally conscious.
| 2 | 3 |
Burj Khalifa
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Pennock was born on February 10, 1894, in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania."
}
] |
4LdBdQ4ERG9vQYrCSlzO
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Herb was the youngest of four children."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors",
"text": "Pennock was honored with \"Herb Pennock Day\" on April 30, 1944, in Kennett Square."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Accusations of Pennock's alleged racism have come into question upon the 2016 release of the book Herb Pennock: Baseball's Faultless Pitcher written by Keith Craig."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal",
"text": "Pennock was a proficient horse rider."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "After using Pennock sparingly, and questioning his competitive drive, Mack sold Pennock to the Boston Red Sox in 1915."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father, Theodore Pennock, and mother Mary Louise Pennock (née Sharp) were of Scotch-Irish and Quaker descent."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Philadelphia Athletics",
"text": "While pitching at Cedarcroft, Pennock threw a no-hitter"
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Carpenter gave Pennock a lifetime contract."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Pennock opposed racial integration in baseball."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Boston Red Sox",
"text": "However, Boston manager Jack Barry used Pennock sparingly in the 1917 season, and Pennock enlisted in the United States Navy in 1918."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Pennock was born on February 10, 1894, in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania."
}
] |
Herb Pennock was a Pennsylvanian.
| 0 | 0 |
Herb Pennock
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "Born Angelina Jolie Voight in Los Angeles, California, she is the daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award and three Golden Globe Awards, she has been named Hollywood's highest-paid actress multiple times."
}
] |
4M6H4aw83wIxRoF0d0oB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Career | 1998–2000: Breakthrough",
"text": "She also won her first Screen Actors Guild Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1998–2000: Breakthrough",
"text": "She won her third Golden Globe Award, her second Screen Actors Guild Award, and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and family",
"text": "Born Angelina Jolie Voight in Los Angeles, California, she is the daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1998–2000: Breakthrough",
"text": "\" She won the Breakthrough Performance Award from the National Board of Review."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1998–2000: Breakthrough",
"text": "George Wallace was very well received by critics and won, among other awards, the Golden Globe Award for Best Miniseries or Television Film."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1998–2000: Breakthrough",
"text": "Jolie is fierce in her portrayal—filling the part with nerve, charm, and desperation—and her role in this film is quite possibly the most beautiful train wreck ever filmed.\" For the second consecutive year, Jolie won a Golden Globe Award and was nominated for an Emmy Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2005–2010: Commercial success",
"text": "Chicago Tribune critic Michael Phillips noted, \"Jolie really shines in the calm before the storm, the scenes when one patronizing male authority figure after another belittles her at their peril.\" She received nominations for a Golden Globe Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, a BAFTA Award, and an Academy Award for Best Actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films George Wallace (1997) and Gia (1998), and won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the drama Girl, Interrupted (1999)."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2005–2010: Commercial success",
"text": "The resulting performance was widely praised; Ray Bennett of The Hollywood Reporter described it as \"well-measured and moving,\" played \"with respect and a firm grasp on a difficult accent.\" She received nominations for a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Angelina Jolie (; née Voight, formerly Jolie Pitt, born June 4, 1975) is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award and three Golden Globe Awards, she has been named Hollywood's highest-paid actress multiple times."
}
] |
Angelina Jolie 's father is an actor too and she won a few awards.
| 0 | 0 |
Angelina Jolie
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "Sir Harry Johnston wrote a sequel, a novel entitled Mrs. Warren's Daughter, circa 1920."
}
] |
4MpxXgpnd2Yumi1aSL4G
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The production was released on DVD in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "It being hopeless to get me to read anything, she told me the story... In the following autumn I was the guest of a lady [Beatrice Webb] of very distinguished ability—one whose knowledge of English social types is as remarkable as her command of industrial and political questions."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequel",
"text": "Sir Harry Johnston wrote a sequel, a novel entitled Mrs. Warren's Daughter, circa 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Elements of the play were borrowed from Shaw's 1882 novel Cashel Byron's Profession, about a man who becomes a boxer due to limited employment opportunities."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "in which she justifies herself, is only a paraphrase of a scene in a novel of my own, Cashel Byron's Profession (hence the title, Mrs Warren's Profession), in which a prize-fighter shows how he was driven into the ring exactly as Mrs. Warren was driven on the streets."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "\"He explained the source of the play in a letter to the Daily Chronicle on 28 April 1898: Miss Janet Achurch [an actress and friend of Shaw’s] mentioned to me a novel by some French writer [Yvette by Guy de Maupassant] as having a dramatisable story in it."
}
] |
A follow up novel was released in 1922.
| 0 | 0 |
Mrs. Warren's Profession
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Varieties",
"text": "During the 16th century, Thomas More's book Utopia proposed an ideal society of the same name."
}
] |
4Mu1B4pZHzmfLxjddpQx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A utopia ( yoo-TOH-pee-ə) is an imagined community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect qualities for its citizens."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties | Utopianism",
"text": "In many cultures, societies, and religions, there is some myth or memory of a distant past when humankind lived in a primitive and simple state but at the same time one of perfect happiness and fulfillment."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties",
"text": "During the 16th century, Thomas More's book Utopia proposed an ideal society of the same name."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties | Feminism",
"text": "Charlotte Perkins Gilman's 1915 novel approaches this type of separate society."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Interpretations and definitions",
"text": "one is this old notion of imagining this ideal society"
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology",
"text": "“Utopia” comes from Greek: οὐ (“not”) and τόπος (“place”) which translates as “no-place” and literally means any non-existent society, when ‘described in considerable detail’."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The term was coined by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book Utopia, describing a fictional island society in the south Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties | Feminism",
"text": "In speculative fiction, female-only worlds have been imagined to come about by the action of disease that wipes out men, along with the development of technological or mystical method that allow female parthenogenic reproduction."
},
{
"section_header": "Varieties | Utopianism | The Peach Blossom Spring",
"text": "Eventually, the Chinese term Peach Blossom Spring came to be synonymous for the concept of utopia."
},
{
"section_header": "Etymology | Interpretations and definitions",
"text": "Utopia is not kind of a free imagination utopia"
}
] |
A utopia or perfect imagined society comes from a novel with the same title as the term.
| 0 | 0 |
Utopia
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Bergman died on 29 August 1982 at 12:00 am, her 67th birthday, in London, of breast cancer."
}
] |
4MySzqNc4wFnqOxSWrQB
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "After her father's death, Ingrid was sent to live with his sister, Ellen Bergman, who also died of heart disease only six months later."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Fleming died of heart attack shortly after the filming ended."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "A documentary titled Ingrid Bergman: In Her Own Words was also screened at the festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Hollywood period: 1939–1949 | Casablanca (1942)",
"text": "but when someone looks like Ingrid Bergman and she tells you that she loves you, that would make anybody feel romantic."
},
{
"section_header": "Hollywood period: 1939–1949 | Gaslight (1944)",
"text": "David O. Selznick wanted Ingrid Bergman as top billing instead of Boyer."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "In 1990, film critic Roger Ebert named Ingrid Bergman as his favorite actress."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy | Autobiography",
"text": "In 1980, Bergman's autobiography, Ingrid Bergman: My Story, was written with the help of Alan Burgess."
},
{
"section_header": "Hollywood period: 1939–1949 | Spellbound (1945), Notorious (1946), Under Capricorn (1949)",
"text": "The film was a box office smashing hit when it released in 1945 which had been a very successful year for Ingrid Bergman."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Fleming was a married man. Fleming's daughter said that if her father was leaving his wife for another woman, it would have been for Ingrid Bergman."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "In August 2015, US Postal issued Ingrid Bergman Commemorative Forever stamp to celebrate the cinema icon's centennial."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and legacy",
"text": "Bergman died on 29 August 1982 at 12:00 am, her 67th birthday, in London, of breast cancer."
}
] |
Ingrid Bergman expired due to a congenital heart defect.
| 0 | 0 |
Ingrid Bergman
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The England team won their first and only World Cup title in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England is the oldest national team in football."
}
] |
4NRP36cZ3ZFTOyGxGeZy
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The national team is one of eight national teams to have won at least one FIFA World Cup title."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The England team won their first and only World Cup title in 1966."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "England is the oldest national team in football."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Early years",
"text": "The England national football team is the joint-oldest in the world; it was formed at the same time as Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "England first appeared at the 1950 FIFA World Cup, and have subsequently qualified for a total of"
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "15 FIFA World Cup finals tournaments, tied for sixth best by number of appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The team's earliest exit in the finals tournament was its elimination in the first round in 1950, 1958 and, most recently, the 2014 FIFA World Cup."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Crest",
"text": "In 1872, English players wore white jerseys emblazoned with the three lions crest of the Football Association."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Sven-Göran Eriksson, Steve McClaren and Fabio Capello",
"text": "England won all but one of their qualifying games for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, but at the tournament itself, England drew their opening two games; this led to questions about the team's spirit, tactics and ability to handle pressure."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "England failed to qualify for the World Cup in 1974, 1978 and 1994."
}
] |
The English national football team is the oldest in the world but have only won one FIFA World Cup title.
| 0 | 0 |
England national football team
|
Popular Culture
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released on Christmas Day of 1973, The Sting received universal acclaim and was hugely successful at the 46th Academy Awards, being nominated for ten Oscars and winning seven, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Writing (Original Screenplay)."
}
] |
4NVc93EztNBVDLVmEKF0
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "The film won seven Academy Awards and received three other nominations."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Released on Christmas Day of 1973, The Sting received universal acclaim and was hugely successful at the 46th Academy Awards, being nominated for ten Oscars and winning seven, including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Writing (Original Screenplay)."
},
{
"section_header": "Home media",
"text": "Its \"making of\" featurette, The Art of the Sting, included interviews with cast and crew."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "At the 46th Academy Awards, Julia Phillips became the first female producer to be nominated for and to win Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Nominations",
"text": "and/or Adaptation—(Marvin Hamlisch) Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures—(George Roy Hill) Academy Award for Best Actor—(Robert Redford) Academy Award for Best Cinematography—(Robert Surtees) Academy Award for Best Sound—(Ronald Pierce & Robert R. Bertrand) Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay—Motion Picture—(David S. Ward) WGA Award for Best Drama Written Directly for the Screen—(David S. Ward) AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies"
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "Philips's book asserts that Shaw was not nominated for a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award because he demanded that his name follow those of Newman and Redford before the film's opening title."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Director—(George Roy Hill) Academy Award for Best Writing, Original Screenplay—(David S. Ward) Academy Award for Best Art Direction-Set Decoration—(Henry Bumstead and James W. Payne) Academy Award for Best Costume Design—(Edith Head) Academy Award for Best Film Editing—(William H. Reynolds) Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring Original Song Score"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Awards | Wins",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Picture"
},
{
"section_header": "Stage adaptation",
"text": "The stage musical incorporates Scott Joplin's music, including \"The Entertainer\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Soundtrack",
"text": "The soundtrack album, executive produced by Gil Rodin, included several Scott Joplin ragtime compositions, adapted by Marvin Hamlisch."
}
] |
The Sting won numerous awards including ten nominations.
| 3 | 5 |
The Sting
|
Sports
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rube Marquard was born in Cleveland, Ohio to German immigrant Fred Marquard and Lena Heiser Marquard."
}
] |
4NqwvZyxVVSfkpJlrPdS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He achieved his greatest success with the New York Giants."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "His 1,593 strikeouts ranked third in major league history among left-handers at the time (behind Rube Waddell and Eddie Plank), and stood as the National League record for southpaws until his total was surpassed by Carl Hubbell, another New York Giant, in 1942."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "The New York Giants purchased Marquard for $11,000 – a then unheard-of sum to pay for a baseball player's contract – and his lack of success early in his major league career led to his being tagged \"the $11,000 lemon\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "\"Newspaper reports first mentioned Marquard in 1905 when he played with an amateur team in Cleveland."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Rube Marquard was born in Cleveland, Ohio to German immigrant Fred Marquard and Lena Heiser Marquard."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "As he told it in The Glory of Their Times, a writer in his minor league days compared him favorably with Rube Waddell, and very soon Marquard was being called \"Rube\" also."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "From 1911 to 1913, Marquard won at least 23 games each season and helped the Giants win three consecutive National League pennants."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "He then played for the Cincinnati Reds in 1921 and Boston Braves from 1922 to 1925.Marquard finished his major league career in 1925 with a record of 201–177 and a 3.08 ERA."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Richard William \"Rube\" Marquard (October 9, 1886 – June 1, 1980) was an American left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball in the 1910s and early 1920s."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Marquard allegedly celebrated by buying an opal stickpin to reward himself."
}
] |
Rube Marquard dad was French and played for the New York Giants.
| 2 | 7 |
Rube Marquard
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Parthian Empire (; 247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire (), was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran."
}
] |
4O33pxnI3GSyo6msU3Tk
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Continuation of Roman hostilities and Parthian decline",
"text": "The Parthian Empire, weakened by internal strife and wars with Rome, was soon to be followed by the Sasanian Empire."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Native and external sources",
"text": "Along with parchment documents found at sites like Dura-Europos, these also provide valuable information on Parthian governmental administration, covering issues such as taxation, military titles, and provincial organization."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rome and Armenia",
"text": "This was abandoned when Antony and his forces withdrew from Armenia in 33 BC; they escaped a Parthian invasion while Antony's rival Octavian attacked his forces to the west."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rome and Armenia",
"text": "Shortly afterward, a Parthian force in Syria led by general Pharnapates was defeated by Ventidius at the Battle of Amanus Pass."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rome and Armenia",
"text": "Eventually, the greatly weakened force reached Syria."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rome and Armenia",
"text": "Pacorus was killed during the battle, and his forces retreated across the Euphrates."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Peace with Rome, court intrigue and contact with Chinese generals",
"text": "William Watson speculates that the Parthians would have been relieved at the failed efforts by the Han Empire to open diplomatic relations with Rome, especially after Ban Chao's military victories against the Xiongnu in eastern Central Asia."
},
{
"section_header": "Society and culture | Art and architecture",
"text": "Although frontality in portraiture was already an old artistic technique by the Parthian period, Daniel Schlumberger explains the innovation of Parthian frontality: 'Parthian frontality', as we are now accustomed to call it, deeply differs both from ancient Near Eastern and from Greek frontality, though it is, no doubt, an offspring of the latter."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Rome and Armenia",
"text": "After Syria was occupied by Pacorus' army, Labienus split from the main Parthian force to invade Anatolia while Pacorus and his commander Barzapharnes invaded the Roman Levant."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Peace with Rome, court intrigue and contact with Chinese generals",
"text": "The Parthian nobility, disapproving of the notion of a king with non-Arsacid blood, forced the pair into exile in Roman territory."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Parthian Empire (; 247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire (), was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran."
}
] |
The Parthian Empire was a big governmental force in old Rome.
| 0 | 0 |
Parthian Empire
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "South African undercover activity abroad",
"text": "On 4 October 1966, the Kingdom of Lesotho attained full independence, governed by a constitutional monarchy."
}
] |
4OqQVaAgxKOWFZtJ4ZUP
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "South African undercover activity abroad",
"text": "Moreover, South Africa publicly threatened to pursue more direct action against Lesotho if the Jonathan government did not root out the ANC presence in the country."
},
{
"section_header": "South African undercover activity abroad",
"text": "South Africa had virtually closed the country's land borders because of Lesotho support of cross-border operations of the African National Congress (ANC)."
},
{
"section_header": "Production of military equipment by South Africa",
"text": "It was during this time that Armscor contracted with Gerald Bull's Space Research Corporation for advanced 155mm howitzer designs, which it eventually produced, used, and exported to countries such as Iraq."
},
{
"section_header": "Prehistory",
"text": "Archeological research suggests that each Bantu succession had better weapons than their predecessors enabling them to dominate the eastern parts of South Africa thereby forcing the Khoisan into less desirable parts of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Present military: South African National Defence Force",
"text": "Some of the Traditional South African Regiments have been serving the country for over a hundred and fifty years under various iterations of political systems and different governments."
},
{
"section_header": "South African undercover activity abroad",
"text": "On 4 October 1966, the Kingdom of Lesotho attained full independence, governed by a constitutional monarchy."
},
{
"section_header": "South African undercover activity abroad",
"text": "This internal and external opposition to the government combined to produce violence and internal disorder in Lesotho that eventually led to a military takeover in 1986."
},
{
"section_header": "South Africa and Israel",
"text": "U.S. Intelligence believed that Israel participated in South African nuclear research projects and supplied advanced non-nuclear weapons technology to South Africa during the 1970s, while South Africa was developing its own atomic bombs."
},
{
"section_header": "Mfecane",
"text": "The Mfecane also led to the formation and consolidation of other groups – such as the Matabele, the Mfengu and the Makololo – and the creation of states such as the modern Lesotho."
},
{
"section_header": "Present military: South African National Defence Force | Peacekeeping",
"text": "Recent peacekeeping actions on the behalf of the South African military include the South African intervention in Lesotho in order to restore the democratically elected government after a coup, as well as extensive contributions to the United Nations peacekeeping operations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi."
}
] |
Lesotho is a country that is autonomous of South Africa.
| 0 | 1 |
Boer Wars
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is divided into three parts: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and story | Inferno",
"text": "These three types of sin also provide the three main divisions of Dante's Hell: Upper Hell, outside the city of Dis, for the four sins of indulgence (lust, gluttony, avarice, anger); Circle 7 for the sins of violence; and Circles 8 and 9 for the sins of fraud and treachery."
}
] |
4PYHAkc0MUC9PDfP2fG5
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Divine Comedy (Italian: Divina Commedia [diˈviːna komˈmɛːdja]) is a long Italian narrative poem by Dante Alighieri, begun c. 1308 and completed in 1320, a year before his death in 1321."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and story",
"text": "The Divine Comedy is composed of 14,233 lines that are divided into three cantiche (singular cantica) – Inferno (Hell), Purgatorio (Purgatory), and Paradiso (Paradise) – each consisting of 33 cantos (Italian plural canti)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is divided into three parts: Inferno, Purgatorio, and Paradiso."
},
{
"section_header": "Thematic concerns",
"text": "\"Dante called the poem \"Comedy\" (the adjective \"Divine\" was added later, in the 16th century) because poems in the ancient world were classified as High (\"Tragedy\") or Low (\"Comedy\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The narrative takes as its literal subject the state of souls after death and presents an image of divine justice meted out as due punishment or reward, and describes Dante's travels through Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise or Heaven, while allegorically the poem represents the soul's journey towards God, beginning with the recognition and rejection of sin (Inferno), followed by the penitent Christian life (Purgatorio), which is then followed by the soul's ascent to God (Paradiso)."
},
{
"section_header": "Thematic concerns | Scientific themes",
"text": "Although the Divine Comedy is primarily a religious poem, discussing sin, virtue, and theology, Dante also discusses several elements of the science of his day (this mixture of science with poetry has received both praise and criticism over the centuries)."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and story | Purgatorio",
"text": "Love, a theme throughout the Divine Comedy, is particularly important for the framing of sin on the Mountain of Purgatory."
},
{
"section_header": "Thematic concerns",
"text": "The poem is often lauded for its particularly human qualities: Dante's skillful delineation of the characters he encounters in Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise; his bitter denunciations of Florentine and Italian politics; and his powerful poetic imagination."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and story | Paradiso",
"text": "The Divine Comedy finishes with Dante seeing the Triune God."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary influence in the English-speaking world and beyond",
"text": "In T. S. Eliot's estimation, \"Dante and Shakespeare divide the world between them."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure and story | Inferno",
"text": "These three types of sin also provide the three main divisions of Dante's Hell: Upper Hell, outside the city of Dis, for the four sins of indulgence (lust, gluttony, avarice, anger); Circle 7 for the sins of violence; and Circles 8 and 9 for the sins of fraud and treachery."
}
] |
The Divine Comedy is a long Italian narrative poem by Dante Alighieri divided into parts with categories of sin and Hell.
| 0 | 0 |
The Divine Comedy
|
History
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "He was sentenced to be hanged in public on December 2."
}
] |
4PaJGpD1PZ9lH7YrubQx
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Senate investigation",
"text": "It found no direct evidence of a conspiracy, but implied that the raid was a result of Republican doctrines."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Secondary sources",
"text": "John Brown's Trial. Harvard University Press."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "The trial began October 27, after a doctor pronounced the still-wounded Brown fit for trial."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "This is the first trial in the U.S. to be nationally reported."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "The trial attracted reporters who were able to send their articles via the new telegraph."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Transportation of his body",
"text": "\" As a direct result, many Southern medical students and professors left Philadelphia en masse on December 21, 1859, for Southern medical schools, never to return."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "They eventually had 13 children; those alive at John Brown's death were Salmon, Annie, Sarah, and Ellen."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "On November 2, after a week-long trial and 45 minutes of deliberation, the Charles Town jury found Brown guilty on all three counts."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Paintings",
"text": "The result was a limited-edition portfolio of 22 hand-screened prints, published with a poem, John Brown, by Robert Hayden, commissioned specifically for the project."
},
{
"section_header": "Death and aftermath | Senate investigation",
"text": "On December 14, 1859, the U.S. Senate appointed a bipartisan committee to investigate the Harpers Ferry raid and to determine whether any citizens contributed arms, ammunition or money to John Brown's men."
},
{
"section_header": "The trial",
"text": "He was sentenced to be hanged in public on December 2."
}
] |
As a result of the trial, John Brown's punishment was death.
| 1 | 4 |
John Brown (abolitionist)
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thomas Charles Lasorda (born September 22, 1927) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher, coach, and manager, who is best known for his two decades managing the Los Angeles Dodgers."
}
] |
4Pe5smA8IeZTgNqPP9gS
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Lasorda signed with the Philadelphia Phillies as an undrafted free agent in 1945 and began his professional career that season with the Concord Weavers of the Class D North Carolina State League."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thomas Charles Lasorda (born September 22, 1927) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher, coach, and manager, who is best known for his two decades managing the Los Angeles Dodgers."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "The Dodgers retired his uniform number (2) on August 15, 1997 and renamed a street in Dodgertown as \"Tommy Lasorda Lane\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Managerial record | Public persona",
"text": "Lasorda partially owned the food company Lasorda Foods, which was known primarily for pasta sauces that Lasorda stated were based on a family recipe passed down to his wife, Jo."
},
{
"section_header": "Family",
"text": "In 1991, Tom, Jr. (known as \"Spunky\") died of complications related to AIDS."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "Lasorda managed nine players who won the National League Rookie of the Year award."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "Lasorda became the Los Angeles Dodgers manager September 29, 1976, upon Alston's retirement."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "His 16 wins in 30 NL Championship games managed were the most of any manager at the time of his retirement."
},
{
"section_header": "Coaching career | Manager of the Dodgers",
"text": "He also managed in four All-Star games."
},
{
"section_header": "Dodger executive",
"text": "Tommy Lasorda was named Vice-President of the Dodgers upon his retirement from managing in 1996."
}
] |
Lasorda is most known for his 2 decades of managing the Concord Weavers.
| 0 | 1 |
Tommy Lasorda
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gang Gang aft agley\". (The best laid schemes of mice and men / Often go awry.) While it is a book taught in many schools, Of Mice and Men has been a frequent target of censors for vulgarity, and what some consider offensive and racist language; consequently, it appears on the American Library Association's list of the Most Challenged Books of 21st Century."
}
] |
4PnLmrQcOwNg0uto9iZT
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Of Mice and Men is a novella written by John Steinbeck."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gang Gang aft agley\". (The best laid schemes of mice and men / Often go awry.) While it is a book taught in many schools, Of Mice and Men has been a frequent target of censors for vulgarity, and what some consider offensive and racist language; consequently, it appears on the American Library Association's list of the Most Challenged Books of 21st Century."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "As a result of being a frequent target of censors, Of Mice and Men appears on the American Library Association's list of the Most Challenged Books of the 21st Century (number 4)."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "\"The novella has been banned from various US public and school libraries or curricula for allegedly \"promoting euthanasia\", \"condoning racial slurs\", being \"anti-business\", containing profanity, and generally containing \"vulgar\" and \"offensive language\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Stage",
"text": "The first stage production was written by Steinbeck, produced by Sam H. Harris and directed by George S. Kaufman."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations | Film",
"text": "A 1972 Iranian film, Topoli, directed by Reza Mirlohi was adapted from and dedicated to John Steinbeck and his story."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "An early draft of Of Mice and Men was eaten by Steinbeck's dog, named Max."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Of Mice and Men has been challenged (proposed for censorship) 54 times since it was published in 1936."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Curley starts to target Lennie."
},
{
"section_header": "Development",
"text": "Of Mice and Men was Steinbeck's first attempt at writing in the form of novel-play termed a \"play-novelette\" by one critic."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Published in 1937, it tells the story of George Milton and Lennie Small, two displaced migrant ranch workers, who move from place to place in California in search of new job opportunities during the Great Depression in the United States."
}
] |
Of Mice and Men is a novella written by John Steinbeck that has been a frequent target of censors for vulgarity, and what some consider offensive and racist language.
| 0 | 0 |
Of Mice and Men
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the sequel to the 1984 film The Terminator, as well as the second installment in the Terminator franchise."
}
] |
4Pt6eGi3xpBBzgRzIaAT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Release | Critical response",
"text": "Terminator 2: Judgment Day received widespread critical acclaim."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Score",
"text": "The score by Brad Fiedel was commercially released as the Terminator 2: Judgment Day ("
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels",
"text": "Terminator 2: Judgment Day was followed by Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines (2003), Terminator Salvation (2009), Terminator Genisys (2015), and Terminator: Dark Fate (2019)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "At the time of its release, with a budget of $94–102 million, Terminator 2: Judgment Day was the most expensive film ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Terminator 2: Judgment Day was released in the United States on July 3, 1991 by TriStar Pictures."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "\" Empire ranked Terminator 2: Judgment Day as the third-best film sequel of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Merchandise",
"text": "Terminator 2: Judgment Day was also released for Game Boy in 1991, and for SNES and Sega Genesis/Mega Drive in 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The Terminator, as portrayed by Schwarzenegger in Terminator 2: Judgment Day, was ranked at number 48 on the list of heroes, as well as at number 22 on the list of villains for its appearance in the first Terminator film."
},
{
"section_header": "Sequels",
"text": "While Terminator Genisys was intended to start a new rebooted trilogy, its disappointing critical and commercial performance determined that Terminator: Dark Fate would serve as an alternate sequel to Terminator 2: Judgment Day, ignoring the events from Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines onward."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Merchandise",
"text": "In the years following its release, several books based on the film were released, including Malibu Comics Terminator 2 – Judgment Day: Cybernetic Dawn, Terminator 2 – Judgment Day: Nuclear Twilight, IDW Comics T2: Infiltrator, T2: Rising Storm and T2: Future War' by S.M. Stirling, and The John Connor Chronicles by Russell Blackford."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It is the sequel to the 1984 film The Terminator, as well as the second installment in the Terminator franchise."
}
] |
Terminator 2: Judgment Day was the prequel in the Terminator series.
| 0 | 0 |
Terminator 2: Judgment Day
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Life | Childhood",
"text": "Mendelssohn grew up in an intellectual environment."
}
] |
4PyIs6u8ArRsN7ZZpI0c
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Felix was recognised early as a musical prodigy, but his parents were cautious and did not seek to capitalise on his talent."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Musical education",
"text": "This undoubtedly played a significant part in forming Felix Mendelssohn's musical tastes, as his works reflect this study of Baroque and early classical music."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "A grandson of the philosopher Moses Mendelssohn, Felix Mendelssohn was born into a prominent Jewish family."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Musical education",
"text": "Sarah Levy displayed some talent as a keyboard player, and often played with Zelter's orchestra at the Berliner Singakademie; she and the Mendelssohn family were among its leading patrons."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Musical education",
"text": "Sarah had formed an important collection of Bach family manuscripts which she bequeathed to the Singakademie; Zelter, whose tastes in music were conservative, was also an admirer of the Bach tradition."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Childhood",
"text": "Abraham and Lea Mendelssohn sought to give their children – Fanny, Felix, Paul and Rebecka – the best education possible."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Early maturity",
"text": "Besides music, Mendelssohn's education included art, literature, languages, and philosophy."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Personal life | Religion",
"text": "He was the prime mover in proposing to the publisher Heinrich Brockhaus a complete edition of Moses's works, which continued with the support of his uncle, Joseph Mendelssohn."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Surname",
"text": "Felix and his siblings were at first brought up without religious education; on March 21, 1816, they were baptized in a private ceremony in the family's Berlin apartment by the Reformed Protestant minister of the Jerusalem Church, at which time Felix was given the additional names Jakob Ludwig."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Career | Death",
"text": "His grandfather Moses, Fanny, and both his parents had all died from similar apoplexies."
},
{
"section_header": "Life | Childhood",
"text": "Mendelssohn grew up in an intellectual environment."
}
] |
Felix Mendelssohn's parents didn't support his education and most of his family was illiterate.
| 0 | 0 |
Felix Mendelssohn
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1877, Horace H. Wilcox, one of the earlier real estate owners from \"back East\", decided to subdivide his more than 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land (mostly orchards and vineyards) along Sunset Boulevard, including what is today Hollywood and Vine."
}
] |
4Q5LA1FvUfdkNp78R2fS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "This land, a portion of the original 1838 holdings of Francisco Marquez, stretched across a mesa and became known as the \"Riviera section\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "Approximately 22 miles (35 km) in length, the boulevard roughly traces the arc of mountains that form part of the northern boundary of the Los Angeles Basin, following the path of a 1780s cattle trail from the Pueblo de Los Angeles to the ocean."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 1877, Horace H. Wilcox, one of the earlier real estate owners from \"back East\", decided to subdivide his more than 20 acres (8.1 ha) of land (mostly orchards and vineyards) along Sunset Boulevard, including what is today Hollywood and Vine."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In late 1912, several properties along the route were condemned so that the boulevard could be changed in both its width and its alignment."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "Shortly after a much publicized incident in late June 1995, police raids drove out the majority of prostitutes on the Boulevard."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "This section, variously marked and signed as Marchessault Street or East Sunset Boulevard, remained open to traffic until the late 1960s or early 1970s."
},
{
"section_header": "Cultural aspects",
"text": "At 4334 W. Sunset Boulevard lies the wall featured on the cover of the late singer-songwriter Elliott Smith's 2000 album Figure 8."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography",
"text": "The portion of Sunset Boulevard east of Figueroa Street was renamed Cesar Chavez Avenue in 1994, along with Macy Street and Brooklyn Avenue, in honor of the late Mexican-American union leader and civil rights activist."
}
] |
It traces its origins back to the late 1800s.
| 0 | 0 |
Sunset Boulevard
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Three weeks after his mother killed his father, Cobb debuted in center field for the Detroit Tigers."
}
] |
4SuI3fU5iI2ITWSz8hDn
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post professional career | Death",
"text": "His first wife, Charlie, his son Jimmy and other family members came to be with him for his final days."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cobb's father was a state senator."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Views on race",
"text": "Cobb's father was a noted advocate for racial equality."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Cobb's own sense of manhood, according to Tripp, was a product of his Southern upbringing that prized individualism, excitement, and family honor."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Mrs. Cobb was charged with murder and then released on a $7,000 recognizance bond."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In August 1905, the management of the Tourists sold Cobb to the American League's Detroit Tigers for $750 (equivalent to $21,342 in 2019).On August 8, 1905, Cobb's mother fatally shot his father with a pistol that his father had purchased for her."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Cobb later attributed his ferocious play to his late father, saying, \"I did it for my father."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career | Death",
"text": "Family in attendance included Cobb's former wife Charlie, his two daughters, his surviving son Jimmy, his two sons-in-law, his daughter-in-law Mary Dunn Cobb and her two children."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "Even though Tyrus Raymond, Jr. finally reformed and eventually earned an M.D. from the Medical College of South Carolina and practiced obstetrics and gynecology in Dublin, Georgia, until his premature death at 42 on September 9, 1952, from a brain tumor, his father remained distant."
},
{
"section_header": "Post professional career",
"text": "He toured Europe with his family, went to Scotland for some time and then returned to his farm in Georgia."
},
{
"section_header": "Major league career | Early years",
"text": "Three weeks after his mother killed his father, Cobb debuted in center field for the Detroit Tigers."
}
] |
Tyrus Cobb's father was murdered by a family member.
| 3 | 6 |
Ty Cobb
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calloway was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show."
}
] |
4TXGR2Ed3SRlKiZymhzS
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Cabell \"Cab\" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calloway was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1930–1955: Success",
"text": "It is the first single song by an African American to sell a million records."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1930–1955: Success",
"text": "Calloway appeared on radio programs with Walter Winchell and Bing Crosby and was the first African American to have a nationally syndicated radio show."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "He died five months later from pneumonia on November 18, 1994, at age 86, at a nursing home in Hockessin, Delaware."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1930–1955: Success",
"text": "Calloway later recalled, \"What I expected from my musicians was what I was selling: the right notes with precision, because I would build a whole song around a scat or dance step.\" Calloway and his band formed baseball and basketball teams."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His song \"Minnie the Moocher\" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999 and added to the Library of Congress' National Recording Registry in 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Calloway had several hit records in the 1930s and 1940s, becoming known as the \"Hi-de-ho\" man of jazz for his most famous song, \"Minnie the Moocher\", originally recorded in 1931."
},
{
"section_header": "Music career | 1930–1955: Success",
"text": "After an AFM recording ban due to the 1942–44 musicians' strike ended, Calloway continued to record."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Calloway was born in Rochester, New York, on Christmas Day 1907 to an African American family."
}
] |
Cabell "Cab" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer, dancer, bandleader and actor, and was the first African-American musician to sell a million records from a single song and to have a nationally syndicated radio show.
| 0 | 0 |
Cab Calloway
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot | 1957–1958",
"text": "Peering into the drain, startled from seeing a pair of glowing yellow eyes, Georgie encounters an eccentric clown who introduces himself as \"Mr. Bob Gray,\" a.k.a. \" Pennywise the Dancing Clown.\" Georgie declines a balloon but is enticed by Pennywise to reach into the drain and retrieve his boat, the clown ripping the child's arm off before leaving Georgie to die from bleeding out."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1990, the novel was adapted into a television miniseries starring Tim Curry as Pennywise the Clown/It, John Ritter as Ben Hanscom, Harry Anderson as Richie Tozier, Richard Masur as Stan Uris, Tim Reid as Mike Hanlon, Annette O'Toole as Beverly Marsh, Richard Thomas as Bill Denbrough, Olivia Hussey as Audra Phillips, Dennis Christopher as Eddie Kaspbrak, and Michael Cole as Henry Bowers."
}
] |
4TzmNneLX4aHgoyyRX3H
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It has been adapted into a 1990 two-part miniseries directed by Tommy Lee Wallace, a Hindi 1998 television series directed by Glen Baretto & Ankush Mohla, and into a film duology directed by Andy Muschietti; It was released in September 2017 and It Chapter Two was released in September 2019."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | 1957–1958",
"text": "Peering into the drain, startled from seeing a pair of glowing yellow eyes, Georgie encounters an eccentric clown who introduces himself as \"Mr. Bob Gray,\" a.k.a. \" Pennywise the Dancing Clown.\" Georgie declines a balloon but is enticed by Pennywise to reach into the drain and retrieve his boat, the clown ripping the child's arm off before leaving Georgie to die from bleeding out."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The miniseries was directed by Tommy Lee Wallace and scripted by Wallace and Lawrence D. Cohen."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It deals with themes that eventually became King staples: the power of memory, childhood trauma and its recurrent echoes in adulthood and overcoming evil through mutual trust and sacrifice."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "In 1990, the novel was adapted into a television miniseries starring Tim Curry as Pennywise the Clown/It, John Ritter as Ben Hanscom, Harry Anderson as Richie Tozier, Richard Masur as Stan Uris, Tim Reid as Mike Hanlon, Annette O'Toole as Beverly Marsh, Richard Thomas as Bill Denbrough, Olivia Hussey as Audra Phillips, Dennis Christopher as Eddie Kaspbrak, and Michael Cole as Henry Bowers."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | 1984–1985",
"text": "Although he is successful, It bites off Eddie's arm, and Eddie dies due to blood loss."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | 1984–1985",
"text": "Henry first attacks Eddie, breaking his arm once again, but in the fight, Henry is killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He finished writing the book in 1985."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The story follows the experiences of seven children as they are terrorized by an evil entity that exploits the fears of its victims to disguise itself while hunting its prey."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | 1957–1958",
"text": "The Losers eventually realize they are all being stalked by the same child-killing entity which killed Eddie Corcoran in the form of the Gill-man."
}
] |
It is a book about an entity that rips the arm off a boy and became a television miniseries.
| 1 | 3 |
It (novel)
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History | Prophetic era",
"text": "The Quran describes Muhammad as \"ummi,\" which is traditionally interpreted as 'illiterate', but the meaning is rather more complex."
}
] |
4UWY6feNU4OyEMuxDyF0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "Naskh was in very widespread use."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "Nastaʻlīq style was also rarely used in Persian world."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "More distinct is the Bihari script which was used solely in the north of India."
},
{
"section_header": "Text and arrangement",
"text": "The 30 juz' (plural ajzāʼ) can be used to read through the entire Quran in a month."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "The reason for discontinuation in the use of the earlier style was that it took too long to produce and the demand for copies was increasing."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "Copyists would therefore choose simpler writing styles."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Printing",
"text": "But this Quran was not used as it contained a large number of errors."
},
{
"section_header": "Recitation | Variant readings",
"text": "The variant readings of the Quran are one type of textual variant."
},
{
"section_header": "Recitation | Variant readings",
"text": "Occasionally, an early Quran shows compatibility with a particular reading."
},
{
"section_header": "Writing and printing | Writing",
"text": "The Hijazi style manuscripts nevertheless confirm that transmission of the Quran in writing began at an early stage."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Prophetic era",
"text": "The Quran describes Muhammad as \"ummi,\" which is traditionally interpreted as 'illiterate', but the meaning is rather more complex."
}
] |
Islam's founder used to teach kids how to read and write.
| 0 | 0 |
Qur'an
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alexander made her Broadway debut in 1968 in The Great White Hope and won the 1969 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play."
}
] |
4UqZClhvQic2Mz8gHM4p
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She has received a total of seven Tony Award nominations and was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame in 1994.She went on to star in the film version of The Great White Hope in 1970 and received the first of four Academy Award nominations for her performance."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Alexander made her Broadway debut in 1968 in The Great White Hope and won the 1969 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Alexander starred in the original theatrical production of The Great White Hope under Sherin's direction at Arena Stage prior to the play's Broadway debut."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Alexander's major break in acting came in 1967 when she played Eleanor Backman in the original production of Howard Sackler's The Great White Hope at Arena Stage in Washington, DC."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "In 1993, President Bill Clinton appointed Alexander chairperson of the National Endowment for the Arts, the organization that had provided partial funding for The Great White Hope at Arena Stage."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Like her co-star, James Earl Jones, she went on to play the part both on Broadway (1968), winning a Tony Award for her performance, and in the film version (1970), which earned her an Oscar nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "written by top playwrights and performed by outstanding actors."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "Alexander met her first husband, Robert Alexander, in the early 1960s in New York City, where both were pursuing acting careers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "An eight-time Emmy nominee, she received her first nomination for playing Eleanor Roosevelt in Eleanor and Franklin (1976), a role that required her to age from 18 to 60."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Other Broadway credits include, 6 Rms Riv Vu (1972), The Night of the Iguana (1988), The Sisters Rosensweig (1993) and Honour (1998)."
}
] |
Alexander's first Broadway performance was in the Great White Hope.
| 2 | 3 |
Jane Alexander
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "First published in January 1845, the poem is often noted for its musicality, stylized language, and supernatural atmosphere."
}
] |
4UrrXtAhcQXORJAcP6I9
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Analysis | Allusions",
"text": "He decided on a raven, which he considered \"equally capable of speech\" as a parrot, because it matched the intended tone of the poem."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "First published in January 1845, the poem is often noted for its musicality, stylized language, and supernatural atmosphere."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "When he goes to investigate, a raven flutters into his chamber."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "As if answering, the raven responds again with \"Nevermore\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "Finally, he asks the raven whether he will be reunited with Lenore in Heaven."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Poe capitalized on the success of \"The Raven\" by following it up with his essay"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"The Raven\" is a narrative poem by American writer Edgar Allan Poe."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The narrator is surprised that the raven can talk, though at this point it has said nothing further."
},
{
"section_header": "Synopsis",
"text": "The narrator becomes angry, calling the raven a \"thing of evil\" and a \"prophet\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Analysis | Allusions",
"text": "Poe said the raven is meant to symbolize \"Mournful and Never-ending Remembrance\"."
}
] |
The Raven is well-known for it's supernatural tone.
| 0 | 0 |
The Raven
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History and sources",
"text": "Like other English prose in the 15th century, Le Morte d'Arthur was highly influenced by French writings, but Malory blends these with other English verse and prose forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for \"The Death of Arthur\") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore."
}
] |
4VycN2U9TPGDe2Cfnpfc
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History and sources",
"text": "The publication of Chaucer's work by Caxton was a precursor to his publication of Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur."
},
{
"section_header": "Authorship",
"text": "It was during this final stint at Newgate Prison in London that he is believed to have written Le Morte d'Arthur."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern versions and adaptations",
"text": "Keith Baines published a modernized English version in 1962 as Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern versions and adaptations",
"text": "Excalibur, a 1981 British epic fantasy film directed, produced, and co-written by John Boorman, which retells Le Morte d'Arthur with some changes to the plot and fate of the characters (such as completely replacing Morgause with Morgan, who dies in this version)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur. Le Morte d'Arthur. Ed. Matthews, John (2000)."
},
{
"section_header": "History and sources",
"text": "Like other English prose in the 15th century, Le Morte d'Arthur was highly influenced by French writings, but Malory blends these with other English verse and prose forms."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern versions and adaptations",
"text": "Jeffrey Wikstrom humorously dissected Le Morte d'Arthur in his 2014 book series Arthur Dies at the End."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern versions and adaptations",
"text": "His work focuses primarily on Le Morte d'Arthur and the Mabinogion, but with many expansions, additions and several adaptations, like the fate of Guinevere."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | Commentary",
"text": "Glossary to Le Morte d'Arthur at Glossary to Book 1 and Glossary to Book 2 (PDF) Lugodoc's Guide to Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur"
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography | The work itself",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur, printed by William Caxton, 1485."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Le Morte d'Arthur (originally spelled Le Morte Darthur, ungrammatical Middle French for \"The Death of Arthur\") is a 15th-century Middle English prose reworking by Sir Thomas Malory of tales about the legendary King Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot, Merlin and the Knights of the Round Table—along with their respective folklore."
}
] |
Le Morte d'Arthur was written in langue d'oïl, a precursor to modern French.
| 0 | 0 |
Le Morte d'Arthur
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russian Second Army and the suicide of its commanding general, Alexander Samsonov."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Rather than report the loss of his army to Tsar Nicholas II, Samsonov disappeared in the woods that night and committed suicide."
}
] |
4WhYWnMZh1NfohpXA2Dm
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Battle | Consolidation of the German Eighth Army",
"text": "OHL was informed that they were moving to envelop the invaders."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The two armies were directed by the military governor of Warsaw, who in wartime commanded the Northwest Military District, Gen. Yakov Zhilinsky."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "His duties in Manchuria had been more diplomatic than military."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Consolidation of the German Eighth Army",
"text": "Thanks to their consolidation, the coming battle would be fought with 1.8 Russians facing each German."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "He requested that the battle be named Tannenberg (an imaginative touch that both Ludendorff and Hoffmann claimed as their own)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Early phases of battle: 23–26 August",
"text": "Based on this information Scholtz formed a new defensive flank along the Drewenz River, while his main line strengthened their defenses."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although the battle actually took place near Allenstein (Olsztyn), Hindenburg named it after Tannenberg, 30 km (19 mi) to the west, in order to avenge the defeat of the Teutonic Knights 500 years earlier at the Battle of Grunwald by Poland-Lithuania (which was also known as the Battle of Tannenberg in German)."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "They were in a cauldron centered at Frogenau, east of Tannenberg, and throughout the day were relentlessly pounded by artillery."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude: 17–22 August",
"text": "On the afternoon of 22 August, the head of the Eighth Army field railways was informed by telegraph that new commanders were coming by special train."
},
{
"section_header": "Prelude: 17–22 August",
"text": "Poor staff work not only exacerbated supply problems but, more importantly, caused Samsonov during the fighting to lose operational control over all but the two corps in his immediate vicinity (XIII & XV Corps)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russian Second Army and the suicide of its commanding general, Alexander Samsonov."
},
{
"section_header": "Battle | Main battle: 26–30 August",
"text": "Rather than report the loss of his army to Tsar Nicholas II, Samsonov disappeared in the woods that night and committed suicide."
}
] |
The leader of the Russians cooperated with the Germans and revealed strategic military information after losing the Battle of Tannenberg.
| 0 | 0 |
Battle of Tannenberg
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first published in 1898 and received its Moscow première in 1899 in a production by the Moscow Art Theatre, under the direction of Konstantin Stanislavski."
}
] |
4Wq2c499atrN7ytveB4T
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Productions | Parodies",
"text": "Uncle Vanya and Zombies premiered in November 2012 at Kennedy Theatre in Honolulu."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and opera adaptations",
"text": "Sonya's Story, an opera adapted by director Sally Burgess, composer Neal Thornton and designer Charles Phu, portraying events in the play Uncle Vanya from the character Sonya's perspective, premiered in 2010."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and opera adaptations",
"text": "Premiered in 2018 at the Vienna Festival in Austria."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "and of Vanya's late sister, the Professor's first wife)."
},
{
"section_header": "Productions",
"text": "The play was also adapted as the new stage-play Dear Uncle by the British playwright Alan Ayckbourn, who reset it in the 1930s Lake District—this adaptation premiered from July to September 2011 at the Stephen Joseph Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Film and opera adaptations",
"text": "Harold Hobson of The Sunday Times described the Chichester production as \"the admitted master achievement in British twentieth-century theatre\" while The New Yorker called it \"probably the best 'Vanya' in English we shall ever see\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act II",
"text": "It is late at night. Before going to bed, Serebryakov complains of being in pain and of old age."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Ivan Petrovich Voynitsky (\"Uncle Vanya\") ("
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Act IV",
"text": "You've had no joy in your life; but wait, Uncle Vanya, wait…."
},
{
"section_header": "Characters",
"text": "Aleksandr Vladimirovich Serebryakov (Александр Владимирович Серебряков): a retired university professor, who has lived for years in the city on the earnings of his late first wife's rural estate, managed for him by Vanya and Sonya."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was first published in 1898 and received its Moscow première in 1899 in a production by the Moscow Art Theatre, under the direction of Konstantin Stanislavski."
}
] |
Uncle Vanya was premiered in the late 19th century.
| 0 | 0 |
Uncle Vanya
|
History
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649."
}
] |
4WqO1U4rNPfHzKXRSgZ0
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "English Civil War | Captivity",
"text": "Under the agreement, called the \"Engagement\", the Scots undertook to invade England on Charles's behalf and restore him to the throne on condition that presbyterianism be established in England for three years."
},
{
"section_header": "Trial",
"text": "Charles was accused of treason against England by using his power to pursue his personal interest rather than the good of the country."
},
{
"section_header": "Long Parliament | Tensions escalate",
"text": "To prevent the king from dissolving it at will, Parliament passed the Triennial Act, which required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years, and permitted the Lord Keeper and 12 peers to summon Parliament if the king failed to do so."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal rule | Finances",
"text": "England was still the least taxed country in Europe, with no official excise and no regular direct taxation."
},
{
"section_header": "English Civil War",
"text": "By then, Charles's forces controlled roughly the Midlands, Wales, the West Country and northern England."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal rule | Parliament prorogued",
"text": "The following eleven years, during which Charles ruled England without a Parliament, are referred to as the personal rule or the \"eleven years' tyranny\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Titles and styles",
"text": "The authors of his death warrant referred to him as \"Charles Stuart, King of England\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Titles, styles, honours and arms | Arms",
"text": "As king, Charles bore the royal arms undifferenced: Quarterly, I and IV Grandquarterly, Azure three fleurs-de-lis"
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "James VI was the first cousin twice removed of Queen Elizabeth I of England, and when she died childless in March 1603, he became King of England as James I. Charles was a weak and sickly infant, and while his parents and older siblings left for England in April and early June that year, due to his fragile health, he remained in Scotland with his father's friend Lord Fyvie, appointed as his guardian."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Art",
"text": "In England, his commissions included the ceiling of the Banqueting House, Whitehall, by Rubens and paintings by other artists from the Low Countries such as van Honthorst, Mytens, and van Dyck."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649."
}
] |
Charles I of England was king of three countries and lived for 50 years.
| 3 | 8 |
Charles I of England
|
Literature
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "In May 1917 Owen was diagnosed with neurasthenia (shell-shock) and sent to Craiglockhart hospital near Edinburgh to recover."
}
] |
4XDZlXGMrcbT69GZHdlR
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dulce et Decorum est is a poem written by Wilfred Owen during World War I, and published posthumously in 1920."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The style of \"Dulce et Decorum est\" is similar to the French ballade poetic form."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "In 1913, the line Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori was inscribed on the wall of the chapel of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst."
},
{
"section_header": "Title",
"text": "The title and the Latin exhortation of the final two lines are drawn from the phrase \"Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori\" written by the Roman poet Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus): These words were well known and often quoted by supporters of the war near its inception and were, therefore, of particular relevance to soldiers of the era."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "Owen wrote a number of his most famous poems at Craiglockhart, including several drafts of \"Dulce et Decorum est\", \"Soldier's Dream\", and \"Anthem for Doomed Youth\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The speaker of the poem describes the gruesome effects of the gas on the man and concludes that, if one were to see first-hand the reality of war, one might not repeat mendacious platitudes like dulce et decorum est pro patria mori: \" How sweet and honourable it is to die for one's country\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "This poem is considered by many as one of the best war poems ever written."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The first part of the poem (the first 8 line and the second 6 line stanzas) is written in the present as the action happens and everyone is reacting to the events around them."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "One of Owen's most renowned works, the poem is known for its horrific imagery and condemnation of war."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "These horrors are what inspired Owen to write the poem, and because he did, he was able to voice his own opinion on the atrocities of war, and what it was like to be in those very situations."
},
{
"section_header": "Composition",
"text": "In May 1917 Owen was diagnosed with neurasthenia (shell-shock) and sent to Craiglockhart hospital near Edinburgh to recover."
}
] |
Dulce et Decorum est was written by a war veteran.
| 2 | 4 |
Dulce Et Decorum Est
|
History
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "14 × 18 feet), in which troops of Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, held British prisoners of war the night of 20 June 1756."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "that, after the fall of Fort William, the surviving British soldiers, Anglo-Indian soldiers, and Indian civilians were imprisoned overnight in conditions so cramped that many people died from suffocation and heat exhaustion, and that 123 of 146 prisoners of war imprisoned there died."
}
] |
4XFHgNZcwDb1HoITPZsg
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Imperial aftermath",
"text": "The Black Hole of Calcutta was later used as a warehouse."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Movies",
"text": "In an episode of the British comedy Peep Show, the character Mark is quoted as saying \"The more, the merrier, they said as another poor soul was crammed into the Black Hole of Calcutta.\" The Black Hole of Calcutta was referenced early in the movie, \"Albert, R.N.\" (renamed, \"Break to Freedom\"), a 1953 British film dealing with a German prisoner-of-war camp for allied naval officers."
},
{
"section_header": "The Holwell account",
"text": "After seeking a place in the fort to confine the prisoners (including Holwell), at 8.00 p.m., the jailers locked the prisoners in the fort’s prison — “the black hole” in soldiers' slang — a small room that measured 4.30 × 5.50 metres ("
},
{
"section_header": "The Holwell account",
"text": "14 × 18 feet). The next morning, when the black hole was opened, at 6.00 a.m., only about 23 of the prisoners remained alive."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Literature",
"text": "The Black Hole of Calcutta must have been a fool to it...\" In John Fante's novel The Road to Los Angeles (1985), the main character Arturo Bandini recalls when seeing his place of work: \"I thought about the Black Hole of Calcutta."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Black Hole of Calcutta was a dungeon in Fort William, Calcutta measuring 4.30 × 5.50 metres ("
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Moreover, the desertions of allied Indian troops made ineffective the British defence of Fort William, which fell to the siege of Bengali forces on 20 June 1756."
},
{
"section_header": "Monument to the victims",
"text": "\"List of the smothered in the Black Hole prison exclusive of sixty-nine, consisting of Dutch and British sergeants, corporals, soldiers, topazes, militia, whites, and Portuguese, (whose names I am unacquainted with), making on the whole one hundred and twenty-three persons.\" Holwell's list of the victims of the Black Hole of Calcutta: Of Counsel — E. Eyre, Esqr., Wm."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "He attempts to say \"There's enough dirt there to fill the Black Hole of Calcutta\", but his extensive stuttering when trying to say 'Calcutta' causes him to change it to"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture | Television",
"text": "Yes, Minister, the permanent secretary refers to a packed train compartment as the Black Hole of Calcutta."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "14 × 18 feet), in which troops of Siraj ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, held British prisoners of war the night of 20 June 1756."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "that, after the fall of Fort William, the surviving British soldiers, Anglo-Indian soldiers, and Indian civilians were imprisoned overnight in conditions so cramped that many people died from suffocation and heat exhaustion, and that 123 of 146 prisoners of war imprisoned there died."
}
] |
The Black Hole of Calcutta had Bengali prisoners.
| 1 | 2 |
Black Hole of Calcutta
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is amongst 24 people who have won the Triple Crown of Acting: an Academy Award for film, a Primetime Emmy Award for television, and a Tony Award for theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1979, he shared an apartment with actor Mel Gibson for four months while they co-starred in a stage production of Waiting for Godot."
}
] |
4XVy2r7mpZ3W1KapetUl
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Geoffrey Roy Rush (born 6 July 1951) is an Australian actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "For this performance, he won various awards including the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or Movie, Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film, and Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s: Film breakthrough, Oscar win",
"text": "Rush made his film breakthrough with his performance in 1996 with Shine, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "Rush played actor Peter Sellers in the HBO television film The Life and Death of Peter Sellers."
},
{
"section_header": "Honours",
"text": "2003: Hollywood Film Festival – Supporting Actor of the Year"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "In the beginning of 2009, Rush appeared in a series of special edition postage stamps featuring some of Australia's internationally recognised actors."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "For his performance in the film he received his third Oscar nomination this time for Best Actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2000s: Pirates of the Caribbean films",
"text": "For this performance, he received a Helpmann Award nomination for best male actor in a play."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 2010s: The Kings Speech, continued work",
"text": "Rush won widespread acclaim earning a Primetime Emmy Award nomination as well as Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | 1990s: Film breakthrough, Oscar win",
"text": "He received his second Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for the last film."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is amongst 24 people who have won the Triple Crown of Acting: an Academy Award for film, a Primetime Emmy Award for television, and a Tony Award for theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1979, he shared an apartment with actor Mel Gibson for four months while they co-starred in a stage production of Waiting for Godot."
}
] |
Geoffrey Rush is an accolade actor and was roommates with another actor in the 70s.
| 0 | 0 |
Geoffrey Rush
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Including his time in the National Association (NA), he played a record 27 consecutive seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He spent most of his career with the Chicago Cubs franchise (then known as the \"White Stockings\" and later the \"Colts\"), serving as the club's manager, first baseman and, later in his tenure, minority owner."
}
] |
4XWutRaHoaCjVtRx96Rp
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Albert Spalding and James Hart",
"text": "Anson became a player/manager of the team in 1879, and by 1889 had a 13% ownership."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Adrian Constantine Anson (April 17, 1852 – April 14, 1922), nicknamed \"Cap\" (for \"Captain\") and \"Pop\", was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) first baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "For the first seven years of their marriage, the couple lived in Chicago during the baseball season and Philadelphia during the off-season, but eventually moved to Chicago on a year-round basis."
},
{
"section_header": "Personal life",
"text": "The Ansons had seven children, three of whom died in infancy."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Chicago White Stockings/Colts",
"text": "Both his fortunes and those of his team would change after Anson was named captain-manager of the club in 1879."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "Despite the draw of seeing Anson play, the team did not attract much attendance, and lost money for Anson."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Albert Spalding and James Hart",
"text": "In 1876, when Anson was playing for Philadelphia, Spalding and William Hulbert lured Anson to the Chicago team, which Spalding now managed."
},
{
"section_header": "Retirement",
"text": "In the fall of 1908, Anson assembled a semi-pro football team, also called Anson's Colts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He led the team to six National League pennants in the 1880s."
},
{
"section_header": "Professional career | Albert Spalding and James Hart",
"text": "Anson first met Albert Spalding while both were players; Spalding was a pitcher for the Rockford Forest Citys, Anson played for the Marshalltown, Iowa, team."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Including his time in the National Association (NA), he played a record 27 consecutive seasons."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He spent most of his career with the Chicago Cubs franchise (then known as the \"White Stockings\" and later the \"Colts\"), serving as the club's manager, first baseman and, later in his tenure, minority owner."
}
] |
Cap Anson bounced around from team to team for the majority of his twenty seven season career.
| 0 | 0 |
Cap Anson
|
Science
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Vascular anatomy",
"text": "Angiosperm stems are made up of seven layers as shown on the right."
}
] |
4YseDqnXqI1Qomg8EH4e
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Description | Vascular anatomy",
"text": "The amount and complexity of tissue-formation in flowering plants exceeds that of gymnosperms."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Vascular anatomy",
"text": "Among the monocotyledons, the bundles are more numerous in the young stem and are scattered through the ground tissue."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Reproductive anatomy",
"text": "More typically, the flower-bearing portion of the plant is sharply distinguished from the foliage-bearing or vegetative portion, and forms a more or less elaborate branch-system called an inflorescence."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "This compares to around 12,000 species of moss or 11,000 species of pteridophytes, showing that the flowering plants are much more diverse."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Evolutionary history | Cretaceous",
"text": "As flowers evolved, some variations developed parts fused together, with a much more specific number and design, and with either specific sexes per flower or plant or at least \"ovary-inferior\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Diversity",
"text": "Nearly all species belong to the eudicot (75%), monocot (23%), and magnoliid (2%) clades."
},
{
"section_header": "Reproduction | Meiosis",
"text": "Next, these nuclei are segregated into separate cells by cytokinesis to producing 3 antipodal cells, 2 synergid cells and an egg cell."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Vascular anatomy",
"text": "Angiosperm stems are made up of seven layers as shown on the right."
},
{
"section_header": "Description | Vascular anatomy",
"text": "They contain no cambium and once formed the stem increases in diameter only in exceptional cases."
},
{
"section_header": "Taxonomy | Evolutionary history | Triassic and Jurassic",
"text": "A close relationship between angiosperms and gnetophytes, proposed on the basis of morphological evidence, has more recently been disputed on the basis of molecular evidence that suggest gnetophytes are instead more closely related to other gymnosperms."
}
] |
The flowering plant stems are composed of 2 coverings and are more complex.
| 0 | 0 |
Flowering plant
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The Godfather Part II was shot between October 1, 1973 and June 19, 1974."
}
] |
4adyWnf3aaBIfnIEo52O
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Reception | Accolades",
"text": "The Godfather and The Godfather Part II remain the only original/sequel combination both to win Best Picture."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "In fact, 'The Godfather, Part II' may be the second best gangster movie ever made."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "They were both in their thirties and I would integrate the two stories... In order not to merely make Godfather I over again, I gave Godfather II this double structure by extending the story in both the past and in the present."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The Godfather Part II was shot between October 1, 1973 and June 19, 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Filming",
"text": "The scenes that took place in Cuba were shot in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "The Godfather Part II did not surpass the original film commercially, but in the United States and Canada it grossed $47.5 million."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Initial critical reception of The Godfather Part II was divided, with some dismissing the work and others declaring it superior to the first film."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "\"The Godfather Part II was featured on Sight & Sound's Director's list of the ten greatest films of all time in 1992 and 2002."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Theatrical",
"text": "The Godfather Part II premiered in New York City on December 12, 1974, and was released in the United States on December 20, 1974."
},
{
"section_header": "Release | Home media | The Godfather: The Coppola Restoration",
"text": "Other extras are ported over from Paramount's 2001 DVD release."
}
] |
The Godfather Part II took a little over eight months to shoot.
| 0 | 0 |
The Godfather Part II
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Don Quixote's tendency to intervene violently in matters irrelevant to himself, and his habit of not paying debts, result in privations, injuries, and humiliations (with Sancho often the victim)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often employs a unique, earthy wit in dealing with Don Quixote's rhetorical monologues on knighthood, already considered old-fashioned at the time."
}
] |
4aeagscckidfjbEl2MUE
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Background | Other stories",
"text": "Don Quixote, Part One contains a number of stories which do not directly involve the two main characters, but which are narrated by some of the picaresque figures encountered by the Don and Sancho during their travels."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "The former consist of disconnected stories featuring the same characters and settings with little exploration of the inner life of even the main character."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2 | The Third Sally",
"text": "He and Sancho undergo one more prank by the Duke and Duchess before setting off."
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Other stories",
"text": "Nevertheless, \"Part Two\" contains several back narratives related by peripheral characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Characters such as Sancho Panza and Don Quixote's steed, Rocinante, are emblems of Western literary culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2",
"text": "Part Two of Don Quixote explores the concept of a character understanding that he is written about, an idea much explored in the 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 1 | The Second Sally",
"text": "Sancho is a poor and simple farmer but more practical than the head-in-the-clouds Don Quixote and agrees to the offer, sneaking away with Don Quixote in the early dawn."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2",
"text": "Cervantes' meta-fictional device was to make even the characters in the story familiar with the publication of Part One, as well as with an actually published, fraudulent Part Two."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "By his deathbed, he has regained his sanity, and is once more"
},
{
"section_header": "Background | Other stories",
"text": "In Part Two, the author acknowledges the criticism of his digressions in Part One and promises to concentrate the narrative on the central characters (although at one point he laments that his narrative muse has been constrained in this manner)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Don Quixote's tendency to intervene violently in matters irrelevant to himself, and his habit of not paying debts, result in privations, injuries, and humiliations (with Sancho often the victim)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often employs a unique, earthy wit in dealing with Don Quixote's rhetorical monologues on knighthood, already considered old-fashioned at the time."
}
] |
Sancho is the more sympathetic of the two main characters.
| 3 | 7 |
Don Quixote
|
Geography
| 8 |
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "Beneath the Arc is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I. Interred on Armistice Day 1920, it has the first eternal flame lit in Western and Eastern Europe since the Vestal Virgins' fire was extinguished in the fourth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "It burns in memory of the dead who were never identified (now in both world wars)."
}
] |
4awvkkIJl67d1jdX4ktN
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "Beneath the Arc is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I. Interred on Armistice Day 1920, it has the first eternal flame lit in Western and Eastern Europe since the Vestal Virgins' fire was extinguished in the fourth century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Beneath its vault lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "A ceremony is held at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier every 11 November on the anniversary of the Armistice of 11 November 1918 signed by the Entente Powers and Germany in 1918."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "In 1961, U.S. President John F. Kennedy and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy paid their respects at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, accompanied by President Charles de Gaulle."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "It burns in memory of the dead who were never identified (now in both world wars)."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "It was originally decided on 12 November 1919 to bury the unknown soldier's remains in the Panthéon, but a public letter-writing campaign led to the decision to bury him beneath the Arc de Triomphe."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "POUR LA PATRIE 1914–1918 (\"Here lies a French soldier who died for the fatherland 1914–1918\")."
},
{
"section_header": "Details",
"text": "This group served as a recruitment tool in the early months of World War I and encouraged the French to invest in war loans in 1915–1916."
},
{
"section_header": "History | 20th century",
"text": "After the interment of the Unknown Soldier, however, all military parades (including the aforementioned post-1919) have avoided marching through the actual arch."
},
{
"section_header": "Design | Tomb of the Unknown Soldier",
"text": "The coffin was put in the chapel on the first floor of the Arc on 10 November 1920, and put in its final resting place on 28 January 1921."
}
] |
The tomb of the unknown soldier is for the concept of unidentified corpses in the world wars, not any particular unknown cadaver.
| 6 | 11 |
Arc de Triomphe
|
Technology
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Following a beta launch in May 2010, Uber's services and mobile app officially launched in San Francisco in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2009, Uber was originally founded as Ubercab by Garrett Camp, a computer programmer and the co-founder of StumbleUpon, and Travis Kalanick, who sold his Red Swoosh startup for $19 million in 2007.After Camp and his friends spent $800 hiring a private driver, he wanted to find a way to reduce the cost of direct transportation."
}
] |
4bQvuUmydGhmgE9ueDM1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Business model | Stakeholders | Passengers",
"text": "Uber uses a dynamic pricing model; prices for the same route vary according to supply and demand for rides at the time that the ride is requested."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Alleged cancellation of ride requests to disrupt competitors | Operation SLOG plan to disrupt Lyft",
"text": "In August 2014, Lyft reported that 177 Uber employees had ordered and canceled approximately 5,560 Lyft rides since October 2013, and that it had found links to Uber recruiters by cross-referencing the phone numbers involved."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Dynamic pricing",
"text": "Ridesharing companies use dynamic pricing models; prices for the same route vary based on the supply and demand for rides at the time the ride is requested."
},
{
"section_header": "Business model | Service options | Offered",
"text": "POOL, available for up to two people per party, provides a ride that is possibly shared with other riders going in the same general direction."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards",
"text": "In 2013, USA Today named Uber its tech company of the year."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | User privacy and data breaches | God view",
"text": "In 2011, a venture capitalist disclosed that Uber staff members were using the function to track journalists and politicians as well as using the feature recreationally."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "The same month, it was announced that Uber made a move to acquire Grubhub in \"all-stock\" deal."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "Following a beta launch in May 2010, Uber's services and mobile app officially launched in San Francisco in 2011."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Evasion of law enforcement operations | Greyball",
"text": "The investigation by the Portland Bureau of Transportation (PBOT) found that: \"Uber used Greyball software to intentionally evade PBOT’s officers from December 5 to December 19, 2014 and deny 29 separate ride requests by PBOT enforcement officers."
},
{
"section_header": "Criticism | Evasion of law enforcement operations | Greyball",
"text": "In May 2017, the United States Department of Justice opened a criminal investigation into Uber's use of Greyball to avoid local law enforcement operations."
},
{
"section_header": "History",
"text": "In 2009, Uber was originally founded as Ubercab by Garrett Camp, a computer programmer and the co-founder of StumbleUpon, and Travis Kalanick, who sold his Red Swoosh startup for $19 million in 2007.After Camp and his friends spent $800 hiring a private driver, he wanted to find a way to reduce the cost of direct transportation."
}
] |
Uber opened for rides in 2011 which was the same year it was founded.
| 0 | 0 |
Uber
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Scott Morris (born May 16, 1955) is an American former professional baseball starting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-career activities",
"text": "On January 15, 2019, Morris was named a color commentator for the Tigers."
}
] |
4bb50mDNQ9eDdISkC7rv
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He is a color commentator for the Detroit Tigers on Fox Sports Detroit."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-career activities",
"text": "On January 15, 2019, Morris was named a color commentator for the Tigers."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Morris broke into the Tigers' starting rotation in 1979, posting a 17–7 record and a 3.29 ERA and establishing himself as the ace of the Detroit staff."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Scott Morris (born May 16, 1955) is an American former professional baseball starting pitcher."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Toronto Blue Jays",
"text": "The Opening Day start is usually given to either the best pitcher in the rotation or the pitcher with the highest level of respect among the players and coaches."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Despite a sub-par season in 1989 when he made only 24 starts and won just 6 games, he finished the 1980s with 162 wins, the most by a major league pitcher during the decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "In 1983, Morris completed 20 of his 37 starts."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "While he gave up the most hits, most earned runs, and most home runs of any pitcher in the 1980s, he also started the most games, pitched the most innings, and had the most wins of any pitcher in that decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Awards and highlights",
"text": "Morris is the only pitcher with 2,000-plus strikeouts who did not face a single pitcher in his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career | Detroit Tigers",
"text": "The Detroit Tigers selected Morris in the fifth round of the 1976 MLB draft."
}
] |
Morris is a commentator for the Detroit Tigers and use to be a starting pitcher.
| 0 | 0 |
Jack Morris
|
Music
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Childhood",
"text": "In December 1860, Bernhard Mahler moved with his wife and infant son to the town of Jihlava (German: Iglau), where Bernhard built up a successful distillery and tavern business."
}
] |
4c8q1AUl2Kq7jbJ6D68a
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Bohemia (then part of the Austrian Empire) to Jewish parents of humble origins, the German-speaking Mahler displayed his musical gifts at an early age."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Last years, 1908–11 | Illness and death",
"text": "He and Alma returned to New York in late October 1910, where Mahler threw himself into a busy Philharmonic season of concerts and tours."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Early life | Childhood",
"text": "In December 1860, Bernhard Mahler moved with his wife and infant son to the town of Jihlava (German: Iglau), where Bernhard built up a successful distillery and tavern business."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Last years, 1908–11 | New York",
"text": "In a busy first season Mahler's performances were widely praised, especially his Fidelio on 20 March 1908, in which he insisted on using replicas that were at the time being made of Alfred Roller's Vienna sets."
},
{
"section_header": "Biography | Vienna, 1897–1907 | Hofoper director",
"text": "The World of Yesterday (1942), described Mahler's appointment as an example of the Viennese public's general distrust of young artists: \"Once, when an amazing exception occurred and Gustav Mahler was named director of the Court Opera at thirty-eight years old, a frightened murmur and astonishment ran through Vienna, because someone had entrusted the highest institute of art to 'such a young person' ... This suspicion—that all young people were 'not very reliable'—ran through all circles at that time.\" Zweig also wrote that \"to have seen Gustav Mahler on the street [in Vienna] was an event that one would proudly report to his comrades the next morning as it if were a personal triumph.\" During Mahler's tenure a total of 33 new operas were introduced to the Hofoper; a further 55 were new or totally revamped productions."
}
] |
Gustav Mahler's parents ran a business.
| 0 | 0 |
Gustav Mahler
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615."
}
] |
4cFs7yJMKeBF5XNapHFE
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2",
"text": "Although the two parts are now published as a single work, Don Quixote, Part Two was a sequel published ten years after the original novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "When first published, Don Quixote was usually interpreted as a comic novel."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "The last English translation of the novel in the 20th century was by Burton Raffel, published in 1996."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication | English editions in translation",
"text": "\"In 2005, the year of the novel's 400th anniversary, Tom Lathrop published a new English translation of the novel, based on a lifetime of specialized study of the novel and its history."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha (Modern Spanish: El ingenioso hidalgo (in Part 2, caballero) Don Quijote de la Mancha, pronounced [el iŋxeˈnjoso iˈðalɣo ðoŋ kiˈxote ðe la ˈmantʃa] (listen)), or just Don Quixote (, US: , Spanish: [doŋ kiˈxote] (listen)), is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "It was published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 1 | The First Sally (Chapters 1–5)",
"text": "Alonso Quixano, the protagonist of the novel (though he is not given this name until much later in the book), is a hidalgo (member of the lesser Spanish nobility), nearing 50 years of age, living in an unnamed section of La Mancha with his niece and housekeeper, as well as a boy who is never heard of again after the first chapter."
},
{
"section_header": "Style | Spelling and pronunciation",
"text": "The language of Don Quixote, although still containing archaisms, is far more understandable to modern Spanish readers than is, for instance, the completely medieval Spanish of the Poema de mio Cid, a kind of Spanish that is as different from Cervantes' language as Middle English is from Modern English."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary | Part 2",
"text": "Cervantes' meta-fictional device was to make even the characters in the story familiar with the publication of Part One, as well as with an actually published, fraudulent Part Two."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication",
"text": "Parts One and Two were published as one edition in Barcelona in 1617."
}
] |
The Spanish novel was published in 3 parts.
| 4 | 6 |
Don Quixote
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the recipient of a Tony Award and six nominations for Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, more than any other actress in the category."
}
] |
4cLcFtIVOPpDHrgLmVMB
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "In 1955, Thelma Ritter co-hosted the Oscar ceremony, notably trading wisecracks with Bob Hope."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "The current record for all actors is Peter O'Toole with eight nominations without a win, followed by Richard Burton and Close with seven nominations respectively."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Thelma Ritter (February 14, 1902 – February 5, 1969) was an American actress, best known for her comedic roles as working-class characters and her strong New York accent."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "During her career, Ritter was nominated for an Oscar six times, giving her the distinction of being one of the three actresses (tied with Deborah Kerr and Amy Adams) with the second most nominations for the award in an acting category without a win, surpassed only by Glenn Close with seven."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Ritter was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1902, the first child of Charles and Lucy Ritter, both natives of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Ritter did stock theater and radio shows early in her career."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Mankiewicz kept Ritter in mind, and cast her as Birdie in All About Eve (1950), which earned her an Oscar nomination."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Ritter died of a heart attack in New York City in 1969, nine days before her 67th birthday."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Tony Award In 1958, Ritter won a Tony Award in rare tie (with her co-star, Gwen Verdon, for their work in New Girl."
},
{
"section_header": "Career",
"text": "Her third role, in writer-director Joseph L. Mankiewicz's A Letter to Three Wives (1949), left a mark, although Ritter was again uncredited."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "She was the recipient of a Tony Award and six nominations for Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, more than any other actress in the category."
}
] |
Thelma Ritter is tied for 2nd for an unofficial Oscar's record.
| 0 | 0 |
Thelma Ritter
|
History
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency and death | Death",
"text": "Accordingly, at his funeral, the coffin of the tenth president of the United States was draped with a Confederate flag; he remains the only U.S. president ever laid to rest under a flag not of the United States."
}
] |
4ctLo4HOcQx8DqbtHTZs
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency and death | Death",
"text": "He was 71. Tyler's death was the only one in presidential history not to be officially recognized in Washington, because of his allegiance to the Confederate States of America."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency and death | Death",
"text": "Accordingly, at his funeral, the coffin of the tenth president of the United States was draped with a Confederate flag; he remains the only U.S. president ever laid to rest under a flag not of the United States."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency and death | Prelude to the American Civil War",
"text": "He headed a committee that negotiated the terms for Virginia's entry into the Confederate States of America and helped set the pay rate for military officers."
},
{
"section_header": "Political rise | Return to state politics",
"text": "Tyler was elected 131–81 over John Floyd."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States from 1841 to 1845 after briefly serving as the tenth vice president in 1841; he was elected vice president on the 1840 Whig ticket with President William Henry Harrison."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Chief among them was Henry Clay, who was determined to realize the vision he had for America, and who would brook no opposition."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life and legal career",
"text": "After graduation Tyler read the law with his father, a state judge at the time, and later with Edmund Randolph, former United States Attorney General."
},
{
"section_header": "Political rise | U.S. Senate | Democratic maverick",
"text": "The leading issue in the 1832 presidential election was the recharter of the Second Bank of the United States, which both Tyler and Jackson opposed."
},
{
"section_header": "1840 presidential election | General election",
"text": "In his two-hour speech at Columbus, Tyler entirely avoided the issue of the Bank of the United States, one of the major questions of the day."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-presidency and death | Prelude to the American Civil War",
"text": "After John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry ignited fears of an abolitionist attempt to free the slaves, or an actual slave rebellion, several Virginia communities organized militia units, or reenergized existing ones."
}
] |
John Tyler was the eighth president of the United States of America.
| 2 | 5 |
John Tyler
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cherry Orchard (Russian: Вишнёвый сад, romanized: Vishnyovyi sad) is the last play by Russian playwright Anton Chekhov."
}
] |
4dKX42yGBtmJ9QMReO0i
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "The 1965 production was in fact the first time that a Chekhov play had been performed there."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "A new radio version by Katherine Tozer and composer John Chambers was produced for BBC's Drama on 3, airing for the first time on 18 October 2018.The Moscow Pushkin Drama Theatre will be presenting their adaptation of the play with the Cherry Orchard Festival at the New York City Center in June 2020."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Cherry Orchard (Russian: Вишнёвый сад, romanized: Vishnyovyi sad) is the last play by Russian playwright Anton Chekhov."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Anya enters, declaring a rumour that the cherry orchard has been sold."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Offstage we hear the axes as they cut down the cherry orchard."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "An alternative view is that The Cherry Orchard was Chekhov's tribute to his own oeuvre."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The play revolves around an aristocratic Russian landowner who returns to her family estate (which includes a large and well-known cherry orchard) just before it is auctioned to pay the mortgage."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "They all go to bed with renewed hope that the estate will be saved and the cherry orchard preserved."
},
{
"section_header": "Production history",
"text": "Furthermore, The Cherry Orchard marked the Stratford directorial debut of John Hirsch."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Since its first production, directors have contended with its dual nature."
}
] |
The Cherry Orchard was not the play-writer's first play.
| 0 | 0 |
The Cherry Orchard
|
Music
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nirvāṇa ( neer-VAH-nə, -VAN-ə, nur-; Sanskrit: निर्वाण nirvāṇa [nɪɽʋaːɳɐ]; Pali: निब्बान nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa, literally \"blown out\", as in an oil lamp) is commonly associated with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release, the liberation from repeated rebirth in saṃsāra."
}
] |
4eF5eWZdtdOmuuQvjEzL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Buddhism",
"text": "the Buddhist tradition, nirvana is described as the extinguishing of the fires that cause rebirths and associated suffering."
},
{
"section_header": "Origins",
"text": "the term occurs in the literatures of a number of ancient Indian traditions, the concept is most commonly associated with Buddhism."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Nirvāṇa ( neer-VAH-nə, -VAN-ə, nur-; Sanskrit: निर्वाण nirvāṇa [nɪɽʋaːɳɐ]; Pali: निब्बान nibbāna; Prakrit: णिव्वाण ṇivvāṇa, literally \"blown out\", as in an oil lamp) is commonly associated with Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism and represents its ultimate state of soteriological release, the liberation from repeated rebirth in saṃsāra."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Mahatma Gandhi, the Hindu and Buddhist understanding of nirvana are different because the nirvana of the Buddhists is shunyata, emptiness, but the nirvana of the Gita means peace and that is why it is described as brahma-nirvana (oneness with Brahman)."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Johnson the term nirvana is borrowed from the Buddhists to confuse the Buddhists, by linking the Buddhist nirvana state to the pre-Buddhist Vedic tradition of metaphysical absolute called Brahman."
},
{
"section_header": "Buddhism",
"text": "The first is called sopadhishesa-nirvana (nirvana with a remainder), the second parinirvana or anupadhishesa-nirvana (nirvana without remainder, or final nirvana).In"
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "The term Brahma-nirvana appears in verses 2.72 and 5.24-26 of the Bhagavad Gita."
},
{
"section_header": "Hinduism | Brahma-nirvana in the Bhagavad Gita",
"text": "According to Zaehner, Johnson and other scholars, nirvana in the Gita is a Buddhist term adopted by the Hindus."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In Indian religions, nirvana is synonymous with moksha and mukti."
},
{
"section_header": "Sikhism",
"text": "Nirvana appears in Sikh texts as the term Nirban."
}
] |
Nirvana is usually associated with Wicca.
| 3 | 3 |
Nirvana
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation and popularization of stereotypes",
"text": "The novel's creation and use of common stereotypes about African Americans is significant because Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel in the world during the 19th century."
}
] |
4flrFqW0uBXxjX0KKKsD
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Published in 1852, the novel had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have \"helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Creation and popularization of stereotypes",
"text": "The novel's creation and use of common stereotypes about African Americans is significant because Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel in the world during the 19th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe."
},
{
"section_header": "Reactions to the novel | Contemporary and world reaction",
"text": "All parties hailed Mrs. Stowe as a revolter from the enemy.\" Charles Francis Adams, the American minister to Britain during the war, argued later that \"Uncle Tom's Cabin; or Life among the Lowly, published in 1852, exercised, largely from fortuitous circumstances, a more immediate, considerable and dramatic world-influence than any other book ever printed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel of the 19th century and the second best-selling book of that century, following the Bible."
},
{
"section_header": "Dramatic adaptations | Plays and Tom shows",
"text": "The many stage variants of Uncle Tom's Cabin \"dominated northern popular culture... for several years\" during the 19th century, and the plays were still being performed in the early 20th century."
},
{
"section_header": "Dramatic adaptations | Plays and Tom shows",
"text": "Even though Uncle Tom's Cabin was the best-selling novel of the 19th century, far more Americans of that time saw the story as a stage play or musical than read the book."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "She also said that the popular domestic novels of the 19th century, including Uncle Tom's Cabin, were remarkable for their \"intellectual complexity, ambition, and resourcefulness\"; and that Uncle Tom's Cabin offers a \"critique of American society far more devastating than any delivered by better-known critics such as Hawthorne and Melville."
},
{
"section_header": "Reactions to the novel | Contemporary and world reaction",
"text": "In the book, Stowe discusses each of the major characters in Uncle Tom's Cabin and cites \"real life equivalents\" to them while also mounting a more \"aggressive attack on slavery in the South than the novel itself had."
},
{
"section_header": "Other characters",
"text": "She displays the ambiguities towards African-Americans felt by many Northerners at the time."
}
] |
Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly is an anti-slavery novel that not only was the best-selling novel in the world during the 19th century, but also had a profound effect on attitudes toward African Americans and slavery in the U.S. and is said to have "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War".
| 0 | 0 |
Uncle Tom's Cabin
|
Sports
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Netherlands has competed in ten FIFA World Cups, appearing in the finals three times (in 1974, 1978 and 2010)."
}
] |
4g3TuYkiIqtfGmGaiN8i
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "During the 1970s, Total Football (Dutch: Totaalvoetbal) was invented, pioneered by Ajax and led by playmaker Johan Cruyff and national team head coach Rinus Michels."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "Carlos Alberto, captain of the Brazilian team that won the 1970 FIFA World Cup said, \"The only team I've seen that did things differently was Holland at the 1974 World Cup in Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "Team image | Media coverage",
"text": "The Netherlands national football team matches have broadcast on Nederlandse Omroep Stichting which includes all friendlies, Nation League and World Cup qualifiers."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The Netherlands' first two tournament appearances at the 1934 and the 1938 editions saw them lose their first round matches to Switzerland (1934) and Czechoslovakia (1938).After not qualifying for the next six World Cups, they qualified for the 1974 FIFA World Cup in West Germany."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Total Football in the 1970s",
"text": "The Dutch made significant strides, qualifying for two World Cup finals in the decade."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "The Netherlands once again made the 1978 FIFA World Cup final with the team finishing second in the group behind Peru."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The national team is controlled by the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB), which is a part of UEFA, and under the jurisdiction of FIFA the governing body for football in the Netherlands."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Netherlands has competed in ten FIFA World Cups, appearing in the finals three times (in 1974, 1978 and 2010)."
},
{
"section_header": "Competitive record | FIFA World Cup",
"text": "There, with the use of \"Total Football\" tactics, they recorded their first win in World Cup competition against Uruguay."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Golden generations: 1996–2014",
"text": "From August to September 2011, the team was ranked number one in the FIFA World Rankings, becoming the second national football team, after Spain, to top the rankings without previously winning a World Cup."
}
] |
The Dutch national football team competed in the 1970 FIFA World Cup tournament.
| 1 | 4 |
Netherlands national football team
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "Mexico ranks fourth in the world in biodiversity and is one of the 17 megadiverse countries."
}
] |
4gBvAiNcJZYrwH9IJUt1
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Economy | Communications",
"text": "The Mexican satellite system is domestic and operates 120 earth stations."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Conquest of the Aztec Empire (1519–1521)",
"text": "The Spanish captured him, holding him hostage."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Political consolidation and one-party rule (1920–2000)",
"text": "Despite not holding the presidency, Calles remained the key political figure during the period known as the Maximato (1929-1934)."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "26 areas of protected flora and fauna, 4 areas for natural resource protection (conservation of soil, hydrological basins and forests) and 17 sanctuaries (zones rich in diverse species).The discovery of the Americas brought to the rest of the world many widely used food crops and edible plants."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy | Energy",
"text": "This is the world's fourth most productive hydroelectric plant."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Music",
"text": "Mexican society enjoys a vast array of music genres, showing the diversity of Mexican culture."
},
{
"section_header": "Culture | Sports",
"text": "Despite efforts by animal rights activists to outlaw it, bullfighting remains a popular sport in the country, and almost all large cities have bullrings."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "The \"Big Three\" (General Motors, Ford and Chrysler) have been operating in Mexico since the 1930s, while Volkswagen and Nissan built their plants in the 1960s."
},
{
"section_header": "Demographics | Religion",
"text": "The Mexican Revolution had a large number of Protestants participating in northern Mexico."
},
{
"section_header": "Economy",
"text": "BMW, Mercedes-Benz and Nissan currently have plants in constructuion."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Biodiversity",
"text": "Mexico ranks fourth in the world in biodiversity and is one of the 17 megadiverse countries."
}
] |
Mexico holds slot number 4 for having the widest arrays of plants and animals on Earth.
| 0 | 0 |
Mexico
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He became \"one of the earliest superstars\" and \"black baseball's first legitimate home-run slugger\" (Riley), and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
}
] |
4gT5Wi9rfLCro7kKHg6m
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "At this time, he was catching the two players considered the hardest throwing pitchers in the league: Smokey Joe Williams and \"Cannonball\" Dick Redding."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "However, one month later, one newspaper reported that doctors at Camp Dix examined him and \"found he had a broken and badly twisted arm."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "Historians have said Santop served in the Navy. (reference needed) After the war, he was the league's biggest drawing card and received $500 a month, one of the highest salaries paid, playing for the Hilldale Daisies."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "With Hilldale leading a game 2–1 in the bottom of the ninth with one out and the winning runs on base, Santop dropped a popup off the bat of Monarchs catcher Frank Duncan that would have been the second out."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He became \"one of the earliest superstars\" and \"black baseball's first legitimate home-run slugger\" (Riley), and was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2006."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "It was a Santop original. When Ruth and Santop faced each other in 1920, Ruth went 0–4, while Santop had 3 hits in 4 at-bats."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Santop was born in Tyler, Texas."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "Santop was a match for Josh Gibson."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "In 1910, his only full season with Philadelphia, Santop and Dick Redding formed a \"kid battery\", catcher and pitcher.(Riley) An amazing .406 lifetime hitter, Santop would often hit long home runs."
},
{
"section_header": "Playing career",
"text": "While playing for the Hilldale Club in 1918, Santop was drafted in July in Class 1-A."
}
] |
Santop was one of the initial really famous African-American MLB players.
| 0 | 0 |
Louis Santop
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "The Lady of the Lake began appearing by this title in the French chivalric romances by the early 13th century as the fairy godmother-type foster mother of the hero Lancelot."
}
] |
4h86eH29mK1J8qI9a8UW
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Lady of the Lake (French: Dame du Lac, Demoiselle du Lac, Welsh: Arglwyddes y Llyn, Cornish: Arloedhes an Lynn, Breton: Itron an Lenn) is a name or a title used by several fairy-like enchantresses in the Matter of Britain, the body of medieval literature and mythology associated with the legend of King Arthur."
},
{
"section_header": "Later appearances | 20th–21st century",
"text": "The Lady of the Lake is the title of the ruling priestess of Avalon, and the Merlin is a druid who has pledged his life to the protection of Britain."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "This takes place during the time when Merlin is still at Arthur's side and before the introduction of Viviane in the story."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "The Post-Vulgate rewrite also describes how Diana had killed her partner Faunus to be with a man named Felix, but then she was herself killed by her lover at that lake, which came to be called the Lake of Diana (Lac Diane)."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "she has been the destroyer of many good knights\") and a dispute over an enchanted sword."
},
{
"section_header": "Later appearances | 20th–21st century",
"text": "The Lady of the Lake is referenced several times as Lancelot's mother, but she never appears; the episode titled \"The Lady of the Lake\" does not feature her and instead refers to Prince Charming's mother."
},
{
"section_header": "The Lady's lake",
"text": "Such places within Great Britain include the lakes Dozmary Pool and The Loe in Cornwall, the lakes Llyn Llydaw and Llyn Ogwen in Snowdonia, River Brue's area of Pomparles Bridge in Somerset, and the lake Loch Arthur in Scotland."
},
{
"section_header": "Later appearances | 20th–21st century",
"text": "Modern authors of Arthurian fiction adapt the Lady of the Lake legend in various ways, often using two or more bearers of the title."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature | In Le Morte d'Arthur",
"text": "The second Lady of the Lake is sometimes referred to by her title and sometimes referred to by name."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "In the 14th-century French prose romance Perceforest, a lengthy prequel to the Arthurian legend in a more fantasy manner than the chronicles, the figures of the Lady of the Lake and of the enchantress Sebile have been merged to create the character of Sebile of the Castle of the Lake, an ancestor of Arthur."
},
{
"section_header": "In medieval literature",
"text": "The Lady of the Lake began appearing by this title in the French chivalric romances by the early 13th century as the fairy godmother-type foster mother of the hero Lancelot."
}
] |
The Lady of the Lake is a title used by a good amount of fairy-like enchantresses in the Matter of Britain that came about during the Medieval times in Britain literature.
| 0 | 0 |
The Lady of the Lake
|
Popular Culture
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although some critics took issue with the film's slow pace and restrained emotion, its reputation, like that of many of Kubrick's works, has strengthened over time, with many now regarding it as one of his greatest achievements."
}
] |
4hDpd5XEkF0f2MDZFXql
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Development",
"text": "Waterloo was released, and failed at the box office."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part II",
"text": "She warns her son that if Lady Lyndon were to die, all her wealth would go to her first-born son Lord Bullingdon, leaving Barry and his son Bryan penniless."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part II",
"text": "The grief-stricken Barry turns to alcohol, while Lady Lyndon seeks solace in religion, assisted by the Reverend Samuel Runt, who had been tutor first to Lord Bullingdon and then to Bryan."
},
{
"section_header": "Source novel",
"text": "In Thackeray's writings, events are related in the first person by Barry himself."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Contemporaneous",
"text": "This mixed reaction saw the film (in the words of one retrospective review) \"greeted, on its release, with dutiful admiration – but not love."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Barry Lyndon is a 1975 period drama film written, directed, and produced by Stanley Kubrick, based on the 1844 novel The Luck of Barry Lyndon by William Makepeace Thackeray."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part II",
"text": "Left in charge of the families' affairs while Barry and Lady Lyndon grieve,"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part II",
"text": "While Barry is recovering, Bullingdon re-takes control of the Lyndon estate."
},
{
"section_header": "Box office and reception | Cinematic analysis",
"text": "The main theme explored in Barry Lyndon is one of fate and destiny."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot | Part II",
"text": "The narrator states that Barry went first back to Ireland with his mother, then once he was fully recovered, he traveled to the European continent to resume his former profession of gambler (though without his former success)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Although some critics took issue with the film's slow pace and restrained emotion, its reputation, like that of many of Kubrick's works, has strengthened over time, with many now regarding it as one of his greatest achievements."
}
] |
Barry Lyndon was appreciated by everyone when it was first released.
| 0 | 5 |
Barry Lyndon
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is the first book of Grass's Danziger Trilogie (Danzig Trilogy)."
}
] |
4hOTPAPpO6MDG93EHLAu
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The tin drum features as the logo for the public Australian Broadcaster Triple J, a youth radio station."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The novel is the first book of Grass's Danziger Trilogie (Danzig Trilogy)."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Tin Drum. The Tin Drum. Vintage Books. 1990."
},
{
"section_header": "Critical reception",
"text": "Initial reaction to The Tin Drum was mixed."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The Tin Drum has religious overtones, both Jewish and Christian."
},
{
"section_header": "Bibliography",
"text": "The Tin Drum Random House, 1961, ISBN 9780613226820"
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "1980s futurist band Japan named their final studio album \"Tin Drum.\" The Tin Drum Bookstore on Narborough Road (Diversity Street) in Leicester, UK."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Tin Drum (German: Die Blechtrommel) is a 1959 novel by Günter Grass."
},
{
"section_header": "In popular culture",
"text": "The Tin Drum is featured in Season Two of the STARZ TV series “Counterpart.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Main characters",
"text": "Sigismund Markus: A Jewish businessman in Danzig who owns the toy store where Oskar gets his tin drums."
}
] |
The Tin Drum is the last publication of a trilogy.
| 0 | 0 |
The Tin Drum
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: \"In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had built her nest near my house."
}
] |
4hRByWCn45KCoePDGzuQ
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "Such a reliance on assonance is found in very few English poems."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "We have read this ode over and over again, and every time with increased delight."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The exact order the poems in which the poems were written is also unknown, but they form a sequence within their structures."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "Of Keats's six major odes of 1819, \"Ode to Psyche\", was probably written first and \"To Autumn\" written last."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The presence of weather is noticeable in the poem, as spring came early in 1819, bringing nightingales all over the heath."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In the poem, Keats imagines the loss of the physical world and sees himself dead—as a \"sod\" over which the nightingale sings."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | 20th-century criticism",
"text": "It contains some complications which we must not gloss over if we are to appreciate the depth and significance of the issues engaged."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Later critical responses",
"text": "But I propose it is the 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' that succeeds in saying what poetry can say, and that the other ode attempts to say all that the poet can.\" Although the poem was defended by a few critics, E. C. Pettet returned to the argument that the poem lacked a structure and emphasized the word \"forlorn\" as evidence of his view."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "In the poem, Keats imagines the loss of the physical world and sees himself dead—he uses an abrupt, almost brutal word for it—as a \"sod\" over which the nightingale sings."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "In \"Ode to a Nightingale\" they are used in just over 8% of his lines (compared to a mere 2.6% in Endymion)."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: \"In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had built her nest near my house."
}
] |
The poem "Ode to a Nightingale" was written over a few years.
| 0 | 0 |
Ode to a Nightingale
|
Literature
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Film versions",
"text": "IMDb lists at least five adaptations made for television."
}
] |
4hhw0wIZvOEUMW5nyasq
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Operatic versions",
"text": "The music was used in Ingmar Bergman's 1993 TV opera film."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "In 1989 Costas Ferris adapted `The Bacchae` for his film"
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Musical versions",
"text": "In Fall 2007, Prospect Theater Company put on The Rockae, a rock musical adaption of the show written by Peter Mills & Cara Reichel"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "But the god now shows his power."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "The Bacchae 2.1, a theatrical adaptation set in modern times, was written by Charles Mee and first performed in 1993."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Musical versions",
"text": "In Fall 2013, the Globe Theatre produced a musical adaptation of The Bacchae, The Lightning Child, written by Ché Walker."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Agave then calls out for Pentheus to come marvel at her feat, and nail the head above her door so she can show it to all of Thebes."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "In 2007, David Greig wrote an adaptation of The Bacchae for the National Theatre of Scotland starring Alan Cumming as Dionysus, with ten soul-singing followers in place of the traditional Greek chorus."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Film versions",
"text": "IMDb lists at least five adaptations made for television."
},
{
"section_header": "Modern productions | Dramatic versions",
"text": "Wole Soyinka adapted the play as The Bacchae of Euripides: A Communion Rite with the British Royal National Theatre in London in 1973, incorporating a second chorus of slaves to mirror the civil unrest in his native Nigeria."
}
] |
Bacchae has never been adapted into a T.V show.
| 1 | 3 |
Bacchae
|
History
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897)."
}
] |
4iBMGYyOd1AEpFNoaMw1
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Today, Cleveland is considered by most historians to have been a successful leader, generally ranked among the upper-mid tier of American presidents."
},
{
"section_header": "Second presidency (1893–1897) | Judicial appointments",
"text": "Later, in 1896, another vacancy on the Court led Cleveland to consider Hornblower again, but he declined to be nominated."
},
{
"section_header": "Second presidency (1893–1897) | Judicial appointments",
"text": "Cleveland's trouble with the Senate hindered the success of his nominations to the Supreme Court in his second term."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career in New York | Governor of New York",
"text": "New York Democratic party officials began to consider Cleveland a possible nominee for governor."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and memorials",
"text": "Grover Cleveland Middle School in his birthplace, Caldwell, New Jersey, was named for him, as is Grover Cleveland High School in Buffalo, New York, and the town of Cleveland, Mississippi."
},
{
"section_header": "Honors and memorials",
"text": "Grover Cleveland Hall at Buffalo State College in Buffalo, New York is named after Cleveland."
},
{
"section_header": "Political career in New York | Mayor of Buffalo",
"text": "The party leaders approached Cleveland, and he agreed to run for Mayor of Buffalo, provided that the rest of the ticket was to his liking."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "In 1841, the Cleveland family moved to Fayetteville, New York, where Grover spent much of his childhood."
},
{
"section_header": "First presidency (1885–1889) | Native American policy",
"text": "While a conference of Native leaders endorsed the act, in practice the majority of Native Americans disapproved of it."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life | Childhood and family history",
"text": "He became known as Grover in his adult life."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was an American politician and lawyer who was the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, the only president in American history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office (1885–1889 and 1893–1897)."
}
] |
Grover Cleveland was the 19th President of the USA and considered a successful leader.
| 0 | 0 |
Grover Cleveland
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wise Blood is the first novel by American author Flannery O'Connor, published in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A film was made of Wise Blood in 1979, directed by John Huston, and starring Brad Dourif as Hazel Motes and John Huston himself as the evangelist grandfather."
}
] |
4iDl7aY4z6r4Lyo5RCet
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Flannery O'Connor then published it as a complete novel in 1952, and Signet advertised it as \"A Searching Novel of Sin and Redemption.\" In the introduction to the 10th anniversary publication of Wise Blood, O'Connor states that the book is about freedom, free will, life and death, and the inevitability of belief."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Wise Blood is the first novel by American author Flannery O'Connor, published in 1952."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Emery introduces Motes to the concept of \"wise blood,\" an idea that he has innate, worldly knowledge of what direction to take in life, and requires no spiritual or emotional guidance."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "A film was made of Wise Blood in 1979, directed by John Huston, and starring Brad Dourif as Hazel Motes and John Huston himself as the evangelist grandfather."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "An immersive opera and gallery installation, WISE BLOOD [1],"
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "WISE BLOOD features an incredibly diverse cast of performers."
},
{
"section_header": "Literary context",
"text": "Wise Blood began with four separate stories published in Mademoiselle, Sewanee Review, and Partisan Review in 1948 and 1949."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "\" The incident causes Emery's \"wise blood\" to give him some inarticulated revelation, and he seeks out a program of the \"gorilla's\" future appearances."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "From the Soap Factory website: \"Visual artist Chris Larson and composer Anthony Gatto join forces to bring the darkly humorous world of Flannery O'Connor's WISE BLOOD to life."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot summary",
"text": "Despite Motes' protests, Holy moves to the next level in promoting his ministry, hiring a homeless, alcoholic man to dress up like Motes and act as his \"Prophet.\" During a rainstorm, Emery seeks refuge under a theater marquee, and learns that as a promotion, a gorilla will be brought to the theater to promote a new jungle movie."
}
] |
The book and movie, Wise Blood was written and directed by F. O'Connor.
| 0 | 0 |
Wise Blood
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father was of English (paternal) and Irish (maternal) heritage, and his mother was of English and Scots ancestry."
}
] |
4jxoMlcCkIBQYj9qd86j
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Film career | Later work (1980–2000)",
"text": "The Irish actor David Kelly was then given the part."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "His father was of English (paternal) and Irish (maternal) heritage, and his mother was of English and Scots ancestry."
},
{
"section_header": "Death",
"text": "Gregory Peck is entombed in the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels mausoleum in Los Angeles."
},
{
"section_header": "Politics",
"text": "Peck revealed that former President Lyndon Johnson had told him that, had he sought re-election in 1968, he intended to offer Peck the post of U.S. ambassador to Ireland – a post Peck, owing to his Irish ancestry, said he might well have taken, saying, \"[It] would have been a great adventure\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Eldred Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and honors",
"text": "For his contribution to the motion picture industry, Gregory Peck has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6100 Hollywood Boulevard."
},
{
"section_header": "Film career | Worldwide fame (1950–1953)",
"text": "Richard Gilliam of AllMovie argues, it is \"an excellent performance from Gregory Peck\" elaborating that \"Peck brings his customary aura of intelligence and moral authority to the role,\" but David Parkinson of the RadioTimes asserts \"Gregory Peck plays Hornblower as a high-principle stuff shirt and thus confounds director Raoul Walsh's efforts to inject some pace."
},
{
"section_header": "Death | Legacy",
"text": "The Gregory Peck Award for Cinematic Excellence was created by the Peck family in 2008 to commemorate their father by honoring a director, producer or actor's life's work."
},
{
"section_header": "Archives",
"text": "The film material at the Academy Film Archive is complemented by printed materials in the Gregory Peck papers at the Academy's Margaret Herrick Library."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Through his Irish-born paternal grandmother Catherine Ashe (1864–1926), Peck was related to Thomas Ashe (1885–1917), who participated in the Easter Rising less than three weeks after Peck's birth and died while being force-fed during his hunger strike in 1917."
}
] |
Gregory Peck was Irish descent.
| 0 | 0 |
Gregory Peck
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1964, Mercury and his family fled from Zanzibar to escape the violence of the revolution against the Sultan of Zanzibar and his mainly Arab government, in which thousands of ethnic Arabs and Indians were killed."
}
] |
4k6cRTldXmW8kYaXxiFI
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In 1964, Mercury and his family fled from Zanzibar to escape the violence of the revolution against the Sultan of Zanzibar and his mainly Arab government, in which thousands of ethnic Arabs and Indians were killed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1964, his family fled the Zanzibar Revolution, moving to Middlesex, England."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "The family had moved to Zanzibar so that Bomi could continue his job as a cashier at the British Colonial Office."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "As Zanzibar was a British protectorate until 1963, Mercury was born a British subject, and on 2 June 1969 was registered a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies after the family had emigrated to England."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in 1946 in Zanzibar to Parsi-Indian parents, he attended English-style boarding schools in India from the age of eight and returned to Zanzibar after secondary school."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "In February 1963 he moved back to Zanzibar where he joined his parents at their flat."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "In 2009 a star commemorating Mercury was unveiled in Feltham, west London where his family moved upon arriving in England in 1964."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Mercury was born Farrokh Bulsara in Stone Town in the British protectorate of Zanzibar (now part of Tanzania) on 5 September 1946."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness | Death",
"text": "Austin continues to live at Mercury's former home, Garden Lodge, Kensington, with her family."
},
{
"section_header": "Illness | Death",
"text": "In attendance at Mercury's service were his family and 35 of his close friends, including Elton John and the members of Queen."
}
] |
Mercury and his family fled from Zanzibar to escape the violence of the revolution.
| 3 | 4 |
Freddie Mercury
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Religion",
"text": "WALL-E himself has been compared to Prometheus, Sisyphus, and Butades: in an essay discussing WALL-E as representative of the artistic strive of Pixar itself, Hrag Vartanian compared WALL-E to Butades in a scene where the robot expresses his love for EVE by making a sculpture of her from spare parts."
}
] |
4kSAv5BmNtgOtQlwq1ji
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Themes | Religion",
"text": "The myth reminds us that art was born out of longing and often means more for the creator than the muse."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "Not since Chaplin's \"Little Tramp\" has so much story—so much emotion—been conveyed without words."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Religion",
"text": "\" The Ancient Greek tradition associates the birth of art with a Corinthian maiden who longing to preserve her lover's shadow traces it on the wall before he departed for war."
},
{
"section_header": "Robotic recreations",
"text": "In 2012, Mike McMaster, an American robotics hobbyist, began working on his own model of WALL-E."
},
{
"section_header": "Robotic recreations",
"text": "Since WALL-E's creation, Mike and the popular robot have made dozens of appearances at various events."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "He said WALL-E was concerned with ideas rather than spectacle, saying it would trigger stimulating \"little thoughts for the younger viewers.\" He named it as one of his twenty favorite films of 2008 and argued it was \"the best science-fiction movie in years\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Robotic recreations",
"text": "McMaster's four-foot robot made an appearance at the Walt Disney Family Museum and was featured during the opening week of Tested.com a project headed up by Jamie Hyneman and Adam Savage of MythBusters."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Box office",
"text": "WALL-E grossed $223.8 million in the USA and Canada and $309.5 million overseas for a worldwide total of $533.3 million making it the ninth-highest-grossing film of 2008.The film premiered at the Greek Theatre in Los Angeles on June 23,"
},
{
"section_header": "Reception | Critical response",
"text": "He praised the animation, describing the color palette as \"bright and cheerful ... and a little bit realistic\", and that Pixar managed to generate a \"curious\" regard for the WALL-E, comparing his \"rusty and hard-working and plucky\" design favorably to more obvious attempts at creating \"lovable\" lead characters."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast",
"text": "WALL-E, a robot who has achieved sentience, is the only robot of his kind shown to be still functioning on Earth."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes | Religion",
"text": "WALL-E himself has been compared to Prometheus, Sisyphus, and Butades: in an essay discussing WALL-E as representative of the artistic strive of Pixar itself, Hrag Vartanian compared WALL-E to Butades in a scene where the robot expresses his love for EVE by making a sculpture of her from spare parts."
}
] |
The little robot has been attributed as the mythical bringer of fire from Greek myth.
| 0 | 0 |
WALL-E
|
History
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1591, he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, one of the Queen's ladies-in-waiting, without the Queen's permission, for which he and his wife were sent to the Tower of London."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1594, Raleigh heard of a \"City of Gold\" in South America and sailed to find it, publishing an exaggerated account of his experiences in a book that contributed to the legend of \"El Dorado\"."
}
] |
4kgGBtK9sLwTddxYVNn4
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "1590–1594",
"text": "In 1591, Raleigh had been secretly married to Elizabeth \"Bess\" Throckmorton (or Throgmorton)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1591, he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, one of the Queen's ladies-in-waiting, without the Queen's permission, for which he and his wife were sent to the Tower of London."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy",
"text": "The author George Garrett's historical fiction novel Death of the Fox explores Raleigh's relationships with Elizabeth I and her successor James I."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Sir Walter Raleigh (; c. 1552 (or 1554) – 29 October 1618), also spelled Ralegh, was an English landed gentleman, writer, poet, soldier, politician, courtier, spy and explorer."
},
{
"section_header": "Raleigh's descendants",
"text": "Philippa (who married Oliver Weekes, of Tortingdon, Sussex) and Anne (who married William Knight, of Barrells, Warwickshire) left descendants."
},
{
"section_header": "Raleigh's descendants",
"text": "He had married and had two sons and a daughter, Mary."
},
{
"section_header": "Raleigh's descendants",
"text": "Anne Raleigh married Sir Peter Tyrrell, of Castlethorpe, Bucks."
},
{
"section_header": "New World",
"text": "In 1584, Queen Elizabeth granted Raleigh a royal charter authorising him to explore, colonise and rule any \"remote, heathen and barbarous lands, countries and territories, not actually possessed of any Christian Prince or inhabited by Christian People,\" in return for one-fifth of all the gold and silver that might be mined there."
},
{
"section_header": "First voyage to Guiana",
"text": "A year later, he explored what is now Guyana and eastern Venezuela in search of Lake Parime and Manoa, the legendary city."
},
{
"section_header": "Raleigh's descendants",
"text": "Her granddaughter, Harriet, married Francis Mann, of Kidlington, Oxfordshire, and died in 1785, leaving descendants."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 1594, Raleigh heard of a \"City of Gold\" in South America and sailed to find it, publishing an exaggerated account of his experiences in a book that contributed to the legend of \"El Dorado\"."
}
] |
Walter abandoned his exploring after marrying Elizabeth Throckmorton.
| 2 | 3 |
Walter Raleigh
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mount Rushmore National Memorial is centered on a colossal sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore in the Black Hills in Keystone, South Dakota."
}
] |
4khIBaPoHdMcErgZwZTb
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "History | Naming",
"text": "The United States Board of Geographic Names officially recognized the name \"Mount Rushmore\" in June 1930."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "\"The 1980 United States Supreme Court decision United States v. Sioux Nation of Indians ruled that the Sioux had not received just compensation for their land in the Black Hills, which includes Mount Rushmore."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology",
"text": "Those living near Mount Rushmore are descendants of a tribe that Canada gifted to Custer State Park in 1924, which later escaped."
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Soils",
"text": "The Mount Rushmore area is underlain by"
},
{
"section_header": "Geography | Geology",
"text": "Mount Rushmore is largely composed of granite."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Construction",
"text": "so it could reach the top of Mount Rushmore for the ease of workers."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Mount Rushmore National Memorial is centered on a colossal sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore in the Black Hills in Keystone, South Dakota."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy",
"text": "Baker stated that he will open up more \"avenues of interpretation\", and that the four presidents are \"only one avenue and only one focus.\" The Crazy Horse Memorial is being constructed elsewhere in the Black Hills to commemorate the Native American leader as a response to Mount Rushmore."
},
{
"section_header": "History | Concept, design, and funding",
"text": "He chose a site known to the Lakota Sioux as Six Grandfathers, a grander location, partly because it faced southeast and enjoyed maximum exposure to the sun."
},
{
"section_header": "Ecology",
"text": "Nine species of shrubs grow near Mount Rushmore."
}
] |
Mount Rushmore is located in the state of Montana.
| 0 | 1 |
Mount Rushmore National Memorial
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to the West Wind\" is an ode, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1819 near Florence, Italy."
}
] |
4l3nTqckLJzhwanC41oD
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The poem \"Ode to the West Wind\" consists of five sections (cantos) written in terza rima."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "\"Ode to the West Wind\" is an ode, written by Percy Bysshe Shelley in 1819 near Florence, Italy."
},
{
"section_header": "Structure",
"text": "The Ode is written in iambic pentameter."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Third Canto",
"text": "This refers to the effect of west wind in the water."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Some also believe that the poem was written in response to the loss of his son, William (born to Mary Shelley) in 1819."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Fourth Canto",
"text": "With this knowledge, the West Wind becomes a different meaning."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Third Canto",
"text": "This again shows the influence of the west wind which announces the change of the season."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | First Canto",
"text": "The first stanza begins with the alliteration \"wild West Wind\" (line 1)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "His other poems written at the same time—\"The Masque of Anarchy\", Prometheus Unbound, and \"England in 1819\"—take up these same themes of political change, revolution, and role of the poet."
},
{
"section_header": "Interpretation of the poem | Second Canto",
"text": "Line 21 begins with \"Of some fierce Maenad\" and again the west wind is part of the second canto of the poem; here he is two things at once: first he is \"dirge/"
}
] |
"Ode to the West Wind" was written in Paris, France.
| 0 | 0 |
Ode to the West Wind
|
Sports
| 1 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 17 seasons for the Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves (1952–1966); Houston Astros (1967) and Detroit Tigers (1967–68)."
}
] |
4l9mEULMtlwmRBSKlFIq
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "After retirement",
"text": "He was also nominated that year as a finalist for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He played 63 games that year for the Class D High Point-Thomasville Hi-Toms, where he hit 17 home runs and earned a .363 batting average."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "This lad has one of them. \" Mathews was a powerful pull hitter, and for many years of his career teams would implement the \"Mathews shift\" when he came to bat."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He hit 512 home runs during his major league career."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "Mathews was brought up to the major leagues in 1952, where he hit 25 home runs, including three in one game."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Boston, Milwaukee, and Atlanta Braves",
"text": "In the World Series, Mathews hit a game-winning home run in the tenth inning of game four."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Edwin Lee Mathews (October 13, 1931 – February 18, 2001) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) third baseman."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "He was six years old when his family moved to Santa Barbara, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Early years",
"text": "The next year he hit 32 home runs for the Class AA Atlanta Crackers."
},
{
"section_header": "MLB career | Houston Astros and Detroit Tigers",
"text": "Over his career, he was named to the All-Star team twelve times (MLB held two All-Star Games from 1959 through 1962), played in three World Series, and drove in 100 or more runs five times."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played 17 seasons for the Boston, Milwaukee and Atlanta Braves (1952–1966); Houston Astros (1967) and Detroit Tigers (1967–68)."
}
] |
Eddie Mathews played many over 14 years in the Major Leagues.
| 0 | 1 |
Eddie Mathews
|
Music
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Continued popularity",
"text": "Since his death, Queen were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, and all four band members were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2003."
}
] |
4lAeczQLbxTgC55uSTlT
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Continued popularity",
"text": "Since his death, Queen were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, and all four band members were inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2003."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "As a member of Queen, Mercury was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2003, and the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Continued popularity",
"text": "Both songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame; \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" in 2004 and"
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "Referring to \"the late, great Freddie Mercury\" in their 2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame induction speech, Guns N' Roses quoted Mercury's lyrics from \"We Are the Champions\"; \"I've taken my bows, my curtain calls, you've brought me fame and fortune and everything that goes with it, and I thank you all."
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Songwriting",
"text": "In 2003 Mercury was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame with the rest of Queen, and in 2005 all four band members were awarded an Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Song Collection from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Continued popularity",
"text": "The band were among the inaugural inductees into the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2004."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Continued popularity",
"text": "Their Rock Hall of Fame citation reads, “in the golden era of glam rock and gorgeously hyper-produced theatrical extravaganzas that defined one branch of '70s rock, no group came close in either concept or execution to Queen.”"
},
{
"section_header": "Artistry | Voice",
"text": "The Who lead singer Roger Daltrey described Mercury as \"the best virtuoso rock 'n' roll singer of all time."
},
{
"section_header": "Legacy | Tributes",
"text": "In August 2019, Mercury was one of the honorees inducted in the Rainbow Honor Walk, a walk of fame in San Francisco's Castro neighborhood noting LGBTQ people who have \"made significant contributions in their fields."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "At the age of 12, he formed a school band, the Hectics, and covered rock and roll artists such as Cliff Richard and Little Richard."
}
] |
Mercury was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003.
| 2 | 5 |
Freddie Mercury
|
Literature
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dubliners is a collection of fifteen short stories by James Joyce, first published in 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "While some point to Joyce's use of free indirect discourse as a way to understand his characters, he often obscures the reliability of his characters in a way that would make any kind of analysis very difficult."
}
] |
4lL9hMdb7ZQbv8EdCcmZ
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "Without any clear evidence of thematic unity, logic of plot, or closure, Joyce prevents any conclusive critical analysis."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "While some point to Joyce's use of free indirect discourse as a way to understand his characters, he often obscures the reliability of his characters in a way that would make any kind of analysis very difficult."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "The Realists view Dubliners as the most simple of Joyce's works, which often causes them to disregard the revolutionary nature of the work."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Dubliners is a collection of fifteen short stories by James Joyce, first published in 1914."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Many of the characters in Dubliners later appear in minor roles in Joyce's novel Ulysses."
},
{
"section_header": "Style",
"text": "\"It has been argued that the narrators in Dubliners rarely mediate, which means that there are limited descriptions of their thoughts and emotions, a practice said to accompany narratorial invisibility where the narrator sees instead of tells."
},
{
"section_header": "The stories",
"text": "\"Grace\" – After Mr Kernan injures himself falling down the stairs in a bar, his friends try to reform him through Catholicism."
},
{
"section_header": "Publication history",
"text": "Yet, a similar controversy developed and Maunsel too refused to publish it, even threatening to sue Joyce for printing costs already incurred."
},
{
"section_header": "Media adaptations",
"text": "Hugh Leonard adapted six stories as Dublin One which was staged at the Gate Theatre, Dublin, in 1963."
},
{
"section_header": "Media adaptations",
"text": "In 1999 a short film adaptation of \"Araby\" was produced and directed by Dennis Courtney."
}
] |
Dubliners is a book of short stories about characters that are not fully developed and cause the reader to look through the narrator's eye for thoughts without much analysis.
| 0 | 0 |
Dubliners
|
Technology
| 4 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yelp is an American public company headquartered in San Francisco, California."
}
] |
4lhJzbBzuSJN0Cjyn585
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Features | Features for businesses",
"text": "Yelp will only allow businesses with at least a three-star rating to sign up for advertising."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Yelp is an American public company headquartered in San Francisco, California."
},
{
"section_header": "Features",
"text": "In 2016, 78% of businesses listed on the site have a rating of three stars or better, but some negative reviews were very personal or extreme."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Origins (2004–2009)",
"text": "According to the San Francisco Chronicle, \"the site's popularity soared\" after it was re-designed in late 2005."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Public entity (2012–present)",
"text": "In early 2020, Yelp listed space at 55 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, for 235 employees as available for sublease."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Origins (2004–2009)",
"text": "MRL co-founder David Galbraith, who instigated the local services project based on user reviews, came up with the name \"Yelp\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Public entity (2012–present)",
"text": "Later that year Yelp began experimenting in San Francisco with consumer alerts that were added to pages about restaurants with poor hygiene scores in government inspections."
},
{
"section_header": "Company history (2004–present) | Private company (2009–2012)",
"text": "In a January 2014 agreement, Google was not subject to anti-trust litigation from the FTC, but did have to allow services like Yelp the ability to opt out of having their data scraped and used on Google's websites."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy and litigation | Alleged unfair business practices",
"text": "In 2015, San Francisco filmmaker Kaylie Milliken was reportedly producing a documentary film titled Billion Dollar Bully about Yelp's alleged business practices."
},
{
"section_header": "Controversy and litigation | Alleged unfair business practices",
"text": "That May the lawsuits were combined into one class-action lawsuit, which was dismissed by San Francisco U.S. District Judge Edward Chen in 2011."
}
] |
Yelp, an American company based in San Francisco, California, allows businesses to sign up for advertising if they have at least three stars.
| 1 | 4 |
Yelp
|
Popular Culture
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, the son of Jenny (née James), a circus performer, and David Bale, an entrepreneur, commercial pilot and talent manager."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He spent his childhood in Wales, Surrey and Dorset in England, and Portugal."
}
] |
4mPcPDzv1KFsG2YYe41y
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Christian Charles Philip Bale (born 30 January 1974) is an English actor who is known for his intense method acting style, often transforming his body drastically for his roles."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale has three sisters. His mother is English and his father was born in South Africa, to English parents."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Born in Haverfordwest, Wales, to English parents, Bale had his first starring role at age 13 in Steven Spielberg's war film Empire of the Sun (1987)."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "He spent his childhood in Wales, Surrey and Dorset in England, and Portugal."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale's parents divorced in 1991."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale has remarked, \"I was born in Wales"
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Batman Begins: 2006–2009 | 2008 Terminator Salvation incident",
"text": "Bale said he \"acted like a punk\", and that he and Hurlbut talked after the incident and \"resolved this completely\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Debut and breakthrough: 1986–1998",
"text": "The attention the press and his schoolmates lavished upon him after this took a toll on Bale, and he contemplated giving up acting."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Post-Batman Begins: 2006–2009",
"text": "Bale left a strong impression on Herzog, with the director complimenting his acting abilities: \"I find him one of the greatest talents of his generation."
},
{
"section_header": "Career | Rise to prominence: 1999–2004",
"text": "Bale was later approached to make a cameo appearance in another Bret Easton Ellis adaptation, The Rules of Attraction, a film loosely connected to American Psycho, but he declined out of loyalty to Harron's vision of Bateman."
},
{
"section_header": "Early life",
"text": "Bale was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, the son of Jenny (née James), a circus performer, and David Bale, an entrepreneur, commercial pilot and talent manager."
}
] |
Christian Bale was born in North England and raised in another country with his parents, who loved to act.
| 0 | 0 |
Christian Bale
|
Popular Culture
| 3 |
[
{
"section_header": "Cast | Above stairs",
"text": "Maggie Smith as Constance, Countess of Trentham Michael Gambon as Sir William McCordle Kristin Scott Thomas as Lady Sylvia McCordle"
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | Above stairs",
"text": "Natasha Wightman as Lady Lavinia Meredith"
}
] |
4mrbAou2DH7l06oYVPkL
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gosford Park is a 2001 satirical black comedy mystery film directed by Robert Altman and written by Julian Fellowes."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | Above stairs",
"text": "Maggie Smith as Constance, Countess of Trentham Michael Gambon as Sir William McCordle Kristin Scott Thomas as Lady Sylvia McCordle"
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "In November 1932, wealthy English industrialist Sir William McCordle, his wife Lady Sylvia, and their daughter Isobel host a weekend shooting party at their country estate, Gosford Park."
},
{
"section_header": "Cast | Above stairs",
"text": "Natasha Wightman as Lady Lavinia Meredith"
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Maggie Smith starred again in her role as a dowager countess, this time her title not being Trentham but Grantham; the family are related to the Marquess (rather than the Earl) of Flintshire."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Gosford Park premiered on 7 November 2001 at the London Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Release",
"text": "Gosford Park premiered on 7 November 2001 at the London Film Festival."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Bob Balaban, an actor and producer for Gosford Park, says that the idea of creating a murder mystery told by the servants in the manor was an interesting one for him and Altman."
},
{
"section_header": "Production | Casting",
"text": "The cast is notable for featuring two knights (Michael Gambon and Derek Jacobi) and two dames (Maggie Smith and Eileen Atkins)."
},
{
"section_header": "Themes",
"text": "Salon.com critic Steven Johnson notes a revival of the manor house mystery style, popularised by the writings of Agatha Christie, in the screenplay for Gosford Park."
}
] |
Gosford Park, a 2001 satirical black comedy mystery film, stars Maggie Smith as Constance and Natasha Whitman as Lady Sylvia McCordle.
| 1 | 3 |
Gosford Park
|
Sports
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox for the majority of his career."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Years later, Schalk said that the conspirators caught a break when one of the \"Clean Sox,\" pitcher Red Faber, was forced to sit out the Series with the flu."
}
] |
4nTFMMjN0kjX0fcwnvvw
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "A museum in Nokomis, Illinois, is dedicated to Schalk and two other Hall of Famers, Jim Bottomley and Red Ruffing."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Years later, Schalk said that the conspirators caught a break when one of the \"Clean Sox,\" pitcher Red Faber, was forced to sit out the Series with the flu."
},
{
"section_header": "Career statistics and legacy",
"text": "Schalk helped revolutionize the way the catcher's position was played."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "He was invited to catch the first ball of the 1959 World Series–the White Sox' first appearance in the World Series in 40 years–thrown out by fellow Hall of Fame member and former White Sox pitcher Red Faber."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "In 1916, Schalk had a career-high 30 stolen bases (a record for a catcher, until John Wathan broke it in 1982) and led the league in fielding percentage, putouts assists and range factor as the White Sox finished in second place, only two games behind the Boston Red Sox."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "The 1919 World Series, which the White Sox lost to the Cincinnati Reds, was shrouded in a controversy which became known as the Black Sox Scandal."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "This was in sharp contrast to Schalk, who played to win, hitting for a Series .304 batting average and later being absolved from any wrongdoing."
},
{
"section_header": "Post-playing career",
"text": "Schalk became a coach for the Chicago Cubs in 1930 and 1931, and later managed the Buffalo Bisons in the Double-A International League from 1932 to 1937."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Schalk was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1955."
},
{
"section_header": "Baseball career",
"text": "Before Schalk, most catchers were large and slow of foot."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "He played as a catcher in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox for the majority of his career."
}
] |
Schalk played for the Red Socks.
| 0 | 0 |
Ray Schalk
|
Popular Culture
| 2 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won eight Academy Awards out of 13 nominations, including awards for Best Picture, Best Director (Fred Zinnemann), Adapted Screenplay, Supporting Actor (Frank Sinatra), and Supporting Actress (Donna Reed)."
}
] |
4nfbjO2ZTFTq2Zu5CV6m
|
REFUTES
|
[
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "Sinatra would later comment that he thought his performance of heroin addict Frankie Machine in The Man with the Golden Arm was more deserving of an Oscar than his role as Maggio."
},
{
"section_header": "Awards and nominations",
"text": "William Holden, who won the Academy Award for Best Actor for Stalag 17, felt that Lancaster or Clift should have won."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "American Film Institute recognition AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies: #52"
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film won eight Academy Awards out of 13 nominations, including awards for Best Picture, Best Director (Fred Zinnemann), Adapted Screenplay, Supporting Actor (Frank Sinatra), and Supporting Actress (Donna Reed)."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Two songs are noteworthy: \"Re-Enlistment Blues\", and \"From Here to Eternity\", by Robert Wells and Fred Karger."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Kim Stanley heavily campaigned for the role of Lorene, which later garnered an Academy Award for Donna Reed."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "In 2002, From Here to Eternity was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Lorene tells Karen that her \"fiance\" died heroically during the Pearl Harbor attack and was awarded a silver star (none of which is true)."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The film's title originates from Rudyard Kipling's 1892 poem \"Gentlemen-Rankers\", about soldiers of the British Empire who had \"lost [their] way\" and were \"damned from here to eternity\"."
},
{
"section_header": "Reception",
"text": "Opening to rave reviews, From Here to Eternity proved to be an instant hit with critics and public alike, the Southern California Motion Picture Council extolling: \"A motion picture so great in its starkly realistic and appealing drama that mere words cannot justly describe it.\" Variety agreed: The James Jones bestseller, From Here to Eternity, has become an outstanding motion picture in this smash screen adaptation."
}
] |
The movie "From Here to Eternity" was awarded with seven Golden Globes.
| 1 | 3 |
From Here to Eternity
|
Geography
| 0 |
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The canal has 34 numbered locks starting with Black Rock Lock and ending downstream with the Troy Federal Lock."
}
] |
4nkoDpmsFAB4w4X77pCk
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The canal has 34 numbered locks starting with Black Rock Lock and ending downstream with the Troy Federal Lock."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "There are a total of 36 (35 numbered) locks on the Erie Canal."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "There is no Lock E1 or Lock E31 on the Erie Canal."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "* Denotes federally managed locks."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "The following list of locks is provided for the current canal, from east to west."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "There is a 2-foot (0.61 m) natural rise between locks E33 and E34 as well as a 1.5-foot (0.46 m) natural rise between Lock E35 and the Niagara River."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "The Black Rock Lock is operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "The place of \"Lock E1\" on the passage from the lower Hudson River to Lake Erie is taken by the Troy Federal Lock, located just north of Troy, New York, and is not part of the Erie Canal System proper."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "The Waterford Flight series of locks (comprising Locks E2 through E6) is one of the steepest in the world, lifting boats 169 feet (52 m) in less than 2 miles (3.2 km).All surface elevations are approximate."
},
{
"section_header": "Locks",
"text": "Oneida Lake lies between locks E22 and E23, and has a mean surface elevation of 370 feet (110 m)."
}
] |
The Erie Canal has 34 numbered locks.
| 0 | 2 |
Erie Canal
|
Literature
| 5 |
[
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Having let her husband die, alienated her brothers, and driven away her only child, Regina is left wealthy but completely alone."
}
] |
4nuvgJHeH1xiH1BQupNm
|
SUPPORTS
|
[
{
"section_header": "Production | Cast",
"text": "The 104-city tour of The Little Foxes began February 5, 1940, in Washington, D.C., and ended April 15, 1941, in Philadelphia."
},
{
"section_header": "Background",
"text": "The title \"The Little Foxes\" was suggested by Dorothy Parker."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The Little Foxes was presented on Philip Morris Playhouse October 10, 1941."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "The Little Foxes is a 1939 play by Lillian Hellman, considered a classic of 20th century drama."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Horace refuses when Regina asks him outright for the money, so Leo, a bank teller, is pressured into stealing Horace's railroad bonds from the bank's safe deposit box."
},
{
"section_header": "Production",
"text": "Produced and directed by Herman Shumlin, the original Broadway production of The Little Foxes opened February 15, 1939, at the National Theatre."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "George Schaefer produced and directed Robert Hartung's television adaptation of The Little Foxes for the Hallmark Hall of Fame, broadcast December 16, 1956, on NBC."
},
{
"section_header": "Summary",
"text": "Its title comes from Chapter 2, Verse 15 of the Song of Solomon in the King James version of the Bible, which reads, \"Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes.\" Set in a small town in Alabama in 1900, it focuses on the struggle for control of a family business."
},
{
"section_header": "Adaptations",
"text": "The touring production of The Little Foxes went on hiatus for three months during filming, and Patricia Collinge, Charles Dingle, Dan Duryea, John Marriott and Carl Benton Reid all reprised their stage roles in their motion picture debuts."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Oscar initially proposes marriage between his son Leo and Regina's daughter Alexandra—first cousins—as a means of getting Horace's money, but Horace and Alexandra are repulsed by the suggestion."
},
{
"section_header": "Plot",
"text": "Having let her husband die, alienated her brothers, and driven away her only child, Regina is left wealthy but completely alone."
}
] |
At the end of Little Foxes, Regina has all the money.
| 4 | 5 |
The Little Foxes
|
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