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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indecomposable%20distribution
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In probability theory, an indecomposable distribution is a probability distribution that cannot be represented as the distribution of the sum of two or more non-constant independent random variables: Z ≠ X + Y. If it can be so expressed, it is decomposable: Z = X + Y. If, further, it can be expressed as the distribution of the sum of two or more independent identically distributed random variables, then it is divisible: Z = X1 + X2.
Examples
Indecomposable
The simplest examples are Bernoulli-distributeds: if
then the probability distribution of X is indecomposable.
Proof: Given non-constant distributions U and V, so that U assumes at least two values a, b and V assumes two values c, d, with a < b and c < d, then U + V assumes at least three distinct values: a + c, a + d, b + d (b + c may be equal to a + d, for example if one uses 0, 1 and 0, 1). Thus the sum of non-constant distributions assumes at least three values, so the Bernoulli distribution is not the sum of non-constant distributions.
Suppose a + b + c = 1, a, b, c ≥ 0, and
This probability distribution is decomposable (as the distribution of the sum of two Bernoulli-distributed random variables) if
and otherwise indecomposable. To see, this, suppose U and V are independent random variables and U + V has this probability distribution. Then we must have
for some p, q ∈ [0, 1], by similar reasoning to the Bernoulli case (otherwise the sum U + V will assume more than three values). It follows that
This sy
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20origami
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The history of origami followed after the invention of paper and was a result of paper's use in society. In the detailed Japanese classification, origami is divided into stylized ceremonial origami (儀礼折り紙, girei origami) and recreational origami (遊戯折り紙, yūgi origami), and only recreational origami is generally recognized as origami. However, this page describes the history of both ceremonial and recreational origami.
The modern growth of interest in origami dates to the design in 1954 by Akira Yoshizawa of a notation to indicate how to fold origami models. The Yoshizawa-Randlett system is now used internationally. Today the popularity of origami has given rise to origami societies such as the British Origami Society and OrigamiUSA. The first known origami social group was founded in Zaragoza, Spain during the 1940s.
Traditional designs
Ceremonial origami (origata)
By the 7th century, paper had been introduced to Japan from China via the Korean Peninsula, and the Japanese developed washi by improving the method of making paper in the Heian period. The paper making technique developed in Japan around 805 to 809 was called nagashi-suki (流し漉き), a method of adding mucilage to the process of the conventional tame-suki (溜め漉き) technique to form a stronger layer of paper fibers. With the development of Japanese paper making technology and the widespread use of paper, folded paper began to be used for decorations and tools for religious ceremonies such as gohei, ōnusa (:ja:大麻 (神道))
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfluorohexane
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Perfluorohexane (), or tetradecafluorohexane, is a fluorocarbon. It is a derivative of hexane in which all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine atoms. It is used in one formulation of the electronic cooling liquid/insulator Fluorinert for low-temperature applications due to its low boiling point of 56 °C and freezing point of −90 °C. It is odorless and colorless. Unlike typical hydrocarbons, the structure features a helical carbon backbone.
Oxygen solubility
Because it is biologically inert and chemically stable, perfluorohexane has attracted attention in medicine. Like other fluorocarbons, perfluorohexane dissolves gases, including oxygen from the air, to a higher concentration than ordinary organic solvents. This effect is attributed to the weak intermolecular forces between perfluorohexane molecules, which allows "space" for gas molecules to partition into the liquid. Animals can be submerged in a bath of oxygenated perfluorohexane without drowning, as there is sufficient oxygen available in the solvent to allow respiration to continue. This effect has led to the experimental use of perfluorohexane in treating burn victims, as their lungs can be filled with either perfluorohexane vapor or in extreme cases liquid perfluorohexane, allowing breathing to continue without the problems normally seen with pulmonary edema that sometimes occur when the inside of the lungs have been burnt e.g. by inhalation of hot smoke. Research was particularly active on the topic of pa
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarnoff%20Corporation
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Sarnoff Corporation was a research and development company specializing in vision, video and semiconductor technology. It was named for David Sarnoff, the longtime leader of RCA and NBC, and had headquarters in West Windsor Township, New Jersey, though with a Princeton address.
The cornerstone of Sarnoff Corporation's David Sarnoff Research Center in the Princeton vicinity was laid just before the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. That facility, later Sarnoff Corporation headquarters, was the site of several historic developments, including color television, CMOS integrated circuit technology and electron microscopy.
Following 47 years as a central research laboratory for its corporate owner RCA (and briefly for successor GE) as RCA Laboratories, in 1988 the David Sarnoff Research Center was transitioned to Sarnoff Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of SRI International. In January 2011, Sarnoff Corporation was integrated into its parent company, SRI International, and continues to engage in similar research and development activities at the Princeton, New Jersey facility. Although located adjacent to Princeton University, the two are not, and have never been, directly affiliated.
Science and technology
To date, two historic technology developments among many that took place at RCA Laboratories have been recognized by the IEEE History Center Milestone Program. The IEEE Milestones in Electrical Engineering and Computing program honors significant technical achievements
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P16%20%28disambiguation%29
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p16 is a tumor-suppressing protein.
P16 may also refer to:
Aircraft
Berliner-Joyce P-16, a biplane fighter of the United States Army Air Corps
FFA P-16, a Swiss prototype jet fighter
Piaggio P.16, an Italian heavy bomber
Other uses
AMC Schneider P 16, a French halftrack
Dongfeng Yufeng P16, a Chinese pickup truck
Palmyra (Cooper) Airport on Palmyra Atoll
Papyrus 16, a biblical manuscript
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
See also
16P (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene%20O%27Riordan
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Eugene O'Riordan is an author and professor at the Dublin City University School of Mathematical Sciences, Dublin, Ireland. His areas of research include singularly perturbed differential equations, numerical analysis and Shishkin meshes.
Published works
Books by Eugene O'Riordan include:
Robust computational techniques for boundary layers, Chapman and Hall/ CRC press, 2000.
Fitted numerical methods for singular perturbation problems-error estimates in the maximum norm for linear problems in one and two dimensions, World-Scientific, 1996.
Notes
External links
DCU Staff Details
Home Page
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Academics of Dublin City University
20th-century Irish mathematicians
21st-century Irish mathematicians
Place of birth missing (living people)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation%20trapping
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Radiation trapping, imprisonment of resonance radiation, radiative transfer of spectral lines, line transfer or radiation diffusion is a phenomenon in physics whereby radiation may be "trapped" in a system as it is emitted by one atom and absorbed by another.
Classical description
Classically, one can think of radiation trapping as a multiple-scattering phenomena, where a photon is scattered by multiple atoms in a cloud. This motivates treatment as a diffusion problem. As such, one can primarily consider the mean free path of light, defined as the reciprocal of the density of scatterers and the scattering cross section:
One can assume for simplicity that the scattering diagram is isotropic, which ends up being a good approximation for atoms with equally populated sublevels of total angular momentum. In the classical limit, we can think of the electromagnetic energy density as what is being diffused. So, we consider the diffusion constant in three dimensions,
where is the transport time. The transport time accounts for both the group delay between scattering events and Wigner's delay time, which is associated with an elastic scattering process. It is written as
where is the group velocity. When the photons are near resonance, the lifetime of an excited state in the atomic vapor is equal to the transport time, , independent of the detuning. This comes in handy, since the average number of scattering events is the ratio of the time spent in the system to the lifet
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Mall%20%28British%20Columbia%29
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The Crystal Mall (Traditional Chinese: 麗晶廣場) is an ethnic shopping mall oriented towards the local Chinese community in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. It is located at 4500 Kingsway at the intersection with Willingdon Avenue in Metrotown, directly adjoined to the Hilton Metrotown Vancouver Hotel. A 26 floor residential tower called Residence at the Crystal was also constructed that connects to the rest of the shopping complex.
It is also across from the Metropolis at Metrotown shopping centre and the Bob Prittie Metrotown Burnaby Public Library branch.
Mall
The Crystal Mall was established in the year 2000. The mall also has a traditional Chinese open market and has 950 parking stalls in its 4-level underground parking, although a small section is reserved for hotel customers only. The mall itself was constructed in a circular design which comprises two levels of shops and a Chinese open market on the first level, while the second level consist of more shops as well as a food court catering mainly to East Asian cuisines. The outer side of the main level consist of further stores and multiple restaurants. Also of note is within a section of a hallway on the first level consists of a 'Computer Lane' which sells computer and electronic parts.
Gallery
See also
Chinese Canadians in British Columbia
References
External links
Crystal Mall
Shopping malls in Metro Vancouver
Ethnic shopping centers
Shopping malls established in 2000
Buildings and structures in Burnaby
Tour
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Ball%20%28Keane%20song%29
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"Crystal Ball" is a song performed and composed by English rock band Keane, featured on their second studio album, Under the Iron Sea (2006). The song was released on 21 August 2006 as the third single from the album. "Crystal Ball" peaked at number 20 on both the Dutch Singles Chart and the UK Singles Chart.
Composition and recording
"Crystal Ball" was composed by Tim Rice-Oxley in 2006. It was recorded at the Helioscentric Studios, East Sussex and at the Magic Shop, New York City. Guitar effects are created by a distorted Yamaha CP70 .
Information about song's meaning
Musical structure
Similarly to other Keane songs such as "Somewhere Only We Know", the song follows a quaver-note driven sound. Several effects, like the aforementioned distortion piano and strings, are added through the song.
The fading-in intro is often referred as a continuation to "The Iron Sea", and represented as an immediate returning to surface of the "Iron Sea". Vocals are introduced at 19 seconds and continue until fading on 3:04. The demo version included on the bonus DVD of the album would reprise the intro riff before the finale.
B-sides
"Maybe I Can Change"
It was recorded at the Magic Shop Studios in New York City. It was first known by a shot on the Under the Iron Sea DVD, as well as in the June issue of Q Magazine. It is rumoured amongst the band's fanbase that this song may have been composed by Chaplin as a response to Rice-Oxley's "Hamburg Song" and "Broken Toy". In May 2015, Chaplin
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%C3%A8ve%20Prize
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The Line and Michel Loève International Prize in Probability (Loève Prize) was created in 1992 in honor of Michel Loève by his widow Line. The prize, awarded every two years, is intended to recognize outstanding contributions by researchers in mathematical probability who are under 45 years old. With a prize value of around $30,000, this is one of the most generous awards in any specific mathematical subdiscipline.
Winners
2023 – Jian Ding
2021 – Ivan Corwin
2019 – Allan Sly
2017 – Hugo Duminil-Copin
2015 – Alexei Borodin
2013 – Sourav Chatterjee
2011 – Scott Sheffield
2009 – Alice Guionnet
2007 – Richard Kenyon
2005 – Wendelin Werner
2003 – Oded Schramm
2001 – Yuval Peres
1999 – Alain-Sol Sznitman
1997 – Jean-François Le Gall
1995 – Michel Talagrand
1993 – David Aldous
See also
List of mathematics awards
External links
References
Mathematics awards
Awards established in 1992
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebesgue%20differentiation%20theorem
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In mathematics, the Lebesgue differentiation theorem is a theorem of real analysis, which states that for almost every point, the value of an integrable function is the limit of infinitesimal averages taken about the point. The theorem is named for Henri Lebesgue.
Statement
For a Lebesgue integrable real or complex-valued function f on Rn, the indefinite integral is a set function which maps a measurable set A to the Lebesgue integral of , where denotes the characteristic function of the set A. It is usually written
with λ the n–dimensional Lebesgue measure.
The derivative of this integral at x is defined to be
where |B| denotes the volume (i.e., the Lebesgue measure) of a ball B centered at x, and B → x means that the diameter of B tends to 0.
The Lebesgue differentiation theorem states that this derivative exists and is equal to f(x) at almost every point x ∈ Rn. In fact a slightly stronger statement is true. Note that:
The stronger assertion is that the right hand side tends to zero for almost every point x. The points x for which this is true are called the Lebesgue points of f.
A more general version also holds. One may replace the balls B by a family of sets U of bounded eccentricity. This means that there exists some fixed c > 0 such that each set U from the family is contained in a ball B with . It is also assumed that every point x ∈ Rn is contained in arbitrarily small sets from . When these sets shrink to x, the same result holds: for almost ev
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh%20the%20Chaplain
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Hugh the Chaplain (or Hugo Capellanus) was the royal Chaplain of King William I of Scotland before becoming Bishop of Cell Rígmonaid (St Andrews), the highest ranking Scottish see of the period. After the death of Bishop Richard, King William selected Hugh to succeed to the bishopric in 1178. However, unbeknown to the king, the chapter elected their archdeacon, John l'Escot, as bishop. The king saw to Hugh's election and consecration in the same year. There followed a five-year struggle for the bishopric. John travelled to appeal to Pope Alexander III, who quashed the case of Hugh and sent to Scotland a man named Alexius as legate. Alexius obtained entrance to William's kingdom, and consecrated John at Holyrood Abbey in the presence of four other Scottish bishops, in the year 1180. Nevertheless, the struggle continued, and in 1183, both John and Hugh resigned their rights. Despite the fact that Hugh received the bishopric and John took the Bishopric of Dunkeld in compensation, dispute over revenues continued. When Hugh refused to answer his summons to Rome in 1186, he was suspended and excommunicated, with the diocese being put under interdict. Hugh travelled to Rome and obtained absolution, but he died of the pestilence in that city a few days later.
References
Dowden, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
Owen, D.D.R., The Reign of William the Lion: Kingship and Culture, 1143-1214, (East Linton, 1997)
12th-century births
1188 deaths
Bisho
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zsigmondy%27s%20theorem
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In number theory, Zsigmondy's theorem, named after Karl Zsigmondy, states that if are coprime integers, then for any integer , there is a prime number p (called a primitive prime divisor) that divides and does not divide for any positive integer , with the following exceptions:
, ; then which has no prime divisors
, a power of two; then any odd prime factors of must be contained in , which is also even
, , ; then
This generalizes Bang's theorem, which states that if and is not equal to 6, then has a prime divisor not dividing any with .
Similarly, has at least one primitive prime divisor with the exception .
Zsigmondy's theorem is often useful, especially in group theory, where it is used to prove that various groups have distinct orders except when they are known to be the same.
History
The theorem was discovered by Zsigmondy working in Vienna from 1894 until 1925.
Generalizations
Let be a sequence of nonzero integers.
The Zsigmondy set associated to the sequence is the set
i.e., the set of indices such that every prime dividing also divides some for some . Thus Zsigmondy's theorem implies that , and Carmichael's theorem says that the Zsigmondy set of the Fibonacci sequence is , and that of the Pell sequence is . In 2001 Bilu, Hanrot, and Voutier
proved that in general, if is a Lucas sequence or a Lehmer sequence, then (see , there are only 13 such s, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 18, 30).
Lucas and Lehmer sequences are examples of div
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency%20divider
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A frequency divider, also called a clock divider or scaler or prescaler, is a circuit that takes an input signal of a frequency, , and generates an output signal of a frequency:
where is an integer. Phase-locked loop frequency synthesizers make use of frequency dividers to generate a frequency that is a multiple of a reference frequency. Frequency dividers can be implemented for both analog and digital applications.
Analog
Analog frequency dividers are less common and used only at very high frequencies. Digital dividers implemented in modern IC technologies can work up to tens of GHz.
Regenerative
A regenerative frequency divider, also known as a Miller frequency divider, mixes the input signal with the feedback signal from the mixer.
The feedback signal is . This produces sum and difference frequencies , at the output of the mixer. A low pass filter removes the higher frequency, and the frequency is amplified and fed back into the mixer.
Injection-locked
A free-running oscillator which has a small amount of a higher-frequency signal fed to it, will tend to oscillate in step with the input signal. Such frequency dividers were essential in the development of television.
It operates similarly to an injection locked oscillator. In an injection-locked frequency divider, the frequency of the input signal is a multiple (or fraction) of the free-running frequency of the oscillator. While these frequency dividers tend to be lower power than broadband static (or flip-f
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-entropy%20method
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The cross-entropy (CE) method is a Monte Carlo method for importance sampling and optimization. It is applicable to both combinatorial and continuous problems, with either a static or noisy objective.
The method approximates the optimal importance sampling estimator by repeating two phases:
Draw a sample from a probability distribution.
Minimize the cross-entropy between this distribution and a target distribution to produce a better sample in the next iteration.
Reuven Rubinstein developed the method in the context of rare event simulation, where tiny probabilities must be estimated, for example in network reliability analysis, queueing models, or performance analysis of telecommunication systems. The method has also been applied to the traveling salesman, quadratic assignment, DNA sequence alignment, max-cut and buffer allocation problems.
Estimation via importance sampling
Consider the general problem of estimating the quantity
,
where is some performance function and is a member of some parametric family of distributions. Using importance sampling this quantity can be estimated as
,
where is a random sample from . For positive , the theoretically optimal importance sampling density (PDF) is given by
.
This, however, depends on the unknown . The CE method aims to approximate the optimal PDF by adaptively selecting members of the parametric family that are closest (in the Kullback–Leibler sense) to the optimal PDF .
Generic CE algorithm
Choose initial paramet
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier%20recovery
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A carrier recovery system is a circuit used to estimate and compensate for frequency and phase differences between a received signal's carrier wave and the receiver's local oscillator for the purpose of coherent demodulation.
In the transmitter of a communications carrier system, a carrier wave is modulated by a baseband signal. At the receiver, the baseband information is extracted from the incoming modulated waveform.
In an ideal communications system, the carrier signal oscillators of the transmitter and receiver would be perfectly matched in frequency and phase, thereby permitting perfect coherent demodulation of the modulated baseband signal.
However, transmitters and receivers rarely share the same carrier oscillator. Communications receiver systems are usually independent of transmitting systems and contain their oscillators with frequency and phase offsets and instabilities. Doppler shift may also contribute to frequency differences in mobile radio frequency communications systems.
All these frequencies and phase variations must be estimated using the information in the received signal to reproduce or recover the carrier signal at the receiver and permit coherent demodulation.
Methods
For a quiet carrier or a signal containing a dominant carrier spectral line, carrier recovery can be accomplished with a simple band-pass filter at the carrier frequency or with a phase-locked loop, or both.
However, many modulation schemes make this simple approach impractical b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%20World%20Series%20of%20Poker%20results
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This list of 2006 World Series of Poker (WSOP) results includes statistics, final table results and payouts.
The total money paid out in the 2006 events was $156,409,974.
Results
Event 1: $500 No Limit Hold 'em--Casino Employees
This event kicked off the 2006 WSOP. It was a $500 buy-in no limit Texas hold 'em tournament reserved for casino employees that work in Nevada.
Number of buy-ins: 1,232
Total Prize Pool: $554,400
Number of Payouts: 101
Winning Hand: 3♣
Event 2: $1,500 No Limit Hold 'em
This event was a $1,500 buy-in no-limit Texas hold 'em tournament. It was the first public tournament of the 2006 WSOP.
Number of buy-ins: 2,776
Total Prize Pool: $3,789,240
Number of Payouts: 277
Winning Hand: Q♠
Event 3: $1,500 Pot Limit Hold 'em
This event was a $1,500 buy-in pot limit Texas hold 'em tournament. It was a three-day event with a first prize of $345,984.
Number of buy-ins: 1,102
Total Prize Pool: $1,504,230
Number of Payouts: 99
Winning Hand:
Event 4: $1,500 Limit Hold 'em
This event was a $1,500 buy-in limit Texas hold 'em tournament. It was a three-day event with a first prize of $335,289.
Number of buy-ins: 1,068
Total Prize Pool: $1,457,820
Number of Payouts: 100
Winning Hand: 6♠
Event 5: $2,500 No Limit Hold 'em short-handed
This event was a $2,500 buy-in no limit Texas hold 'em tournament, with a maximum of six players per table instead of the normal nine. It was a three-day event with a first prize of $475,712.
Number of buy-ins:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20American%20Neuromodulation%20Society
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North American Neuromodulation Society (NANS) is a professional scientific organization that serves to promote and advance neuromodulation as a treatment for various diseases.
The majority of its members work in pain-related disciplines, although members in areas such as epilepsy, urinary incontinence, angina, and movement disorders are also represented. Medical specialties represented in the membership include anesthesiology, neurosurgery, neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation, gastroenterology, urology, and basic science.
History
The International Neuromodulation Society (INS) was founded in 1992. In 1994, NANS independently formed as the American Neuromodulation Society and later joined the International Neuromodulation Society as its North American Chapter. It was renamed the North American Neuromodulation Society in 1999.
The American Neuromodulation Society was the brain-child of Ballard Wright and Barry N. Strauss. Wright was largely responsible for incorporating and establishing ANS as a non-profit organization in the United States. In the early days, with Wright volunteering to be the initial Executive Director, the society offices operated through his offices in Lexington, Kentucky.
Now based in Chicago, NANS developed out of the American Neuromodulation Society and has evolved into a national organization with more than 2000 members. The current Executive Director is Keri Kramer.
The annual meetings are held every January, typically located in Las
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handheld%20television
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A handheld television is a portable device for watching television that usually uses a TFT LCD or OLED and CRT color display. Many of these devices resemble handheld transistor radios.
History
In 1970, Panasonic released the first TV which was small enough to fit in a large pocket; called the Panasonic IC TV MODEL TR-001 and Sinclair Research released the second pocket television, the MTV-1. Since LCD technology was not yet mature at the time, the TV used a minuscule CRT which set the record for being the smallest CRT on a commercially marketed product.
Later in 1982, Sony released their first model - the FD-200, which was introduced as “Flat TV” later renamed after the nickname Watchman, a play on the word Walkman. It had grayscale video at first. Several years later, a color model with an active-matrix LCD was released. Some smartphones integrate a television receiver, although Internet broadband video is far more common.
Since the switch-over to digital broadcasting, handheld TVs have reduced in size and improved in quality. Portable TV was eventually brought to digital TV with DVB-H, although it didn't see much success. The major current manufacturers of DVB-T standard (common throughout Europe) handheld TVs are August International, ODYS and Xoro.
Hardware
These devices often have stereo 1⁄8 inch (3.5 mm) phono plugs for composite video-analog mono audio relay to serve them as composite monitors; also, some models have mono 3.5 mm jacks for the broadcast sign
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga%20Vinogradova
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Professor Olga S. Vinogradova (1929–2001) was a specialist in Russian cognitive neuroscience. In 1969 she founded the Laboratory of Systemic Organization of Neurons in the Institute of Biological Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushchino) and headed this Laboratory till the end of her life.
From the early days of her scientific career, Prof. Vinogradova was fortunate to work with prominent neuropsychologist and neuroscientists. She studied psychology under the supervision of Prof. Alexander Luria, investigated psychophysiology of the orienting reflex with Prof. Evgeny Sokolov, and learned electrophysiology from Prof. Jan Bures.
On the basis of extracellular unit recording from the hippocampus and other relevant structures in awake animals during sensory and electrical stimulation, she developed a hypothesis of information processing in the limbic system. She concluded that the hippocampus is at the core of orienting reflex and works as a comparator determining whether information should be stored in memory (if it is new) or ignored (if it is old). These ideas were developed in her books Orienting Reflex and Its Neurophysiological Mechanisms (Moskva, 1962) and Hippocampus and Memory (Nauka, 1975), and later published in English as a chapter of the book Hippocampus (Plenum Press, 1984) and the review Hippocampus as a comparator system (Hippocampus, 2001, v. 11:578-98).
A significant part of Prof. Vinogradova’s scientific career was devoted to the analysis of the role
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAP
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ADAP or Adap may refer to:
Adap language, in Bhutan
AdapTV
ADAP1 (gene)
ADAP2 (gene)
Associação Desportiva Atlética do Paraná
Adhesion and Degranulation promoting Adapter Protein, also known as FYB or SLAP-130
Agricultural Development in the American Pacific
AIDS Drug Assistance Programs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRES
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FRES or Fres may refer to:
Fres, a village of Crete, Greece
Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society
Flesch Reading Ease Score
Forest-Range Environmental Study Ecosystems
Future Rapid Effect System, of the British Ministry of Defense
Fres Oquendo (born 1973), Puerto Rican heavyweight boxer
See also
FRE (disambiguation)
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGCT
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AGCT is an acronym for:
Army General Classification Test
The four bases of DNA base pairing
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karyopherin
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Karyopherins are proteins involved in transporting molecules between the cytoplasm and the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. The inside of the nucleus is called the karyoplasm (or nucleoplasm). Generally, karyopherin-mediated transport occurs through nuclear pores which act as a gateway into and out of the nucleus. Most proteins require karyopherins to traverse the nuclear pore.
Karyopherins can act as importins (i.e. helping proteins get into the nucleus) or exportins (i.e. helping proteins get out of the nucleus). They belong to the nuclear pore complex family in the transporter classification database (TCDB). Energy for transport is derived from the Ran gradient.
Upon stress, several karyopherins stop shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm and are sequestered in stress granules, cytoplasmic aggregates of ribonucleoprotein complexes.
Importin beta
Importin beta is a variety of karyopherin that facilitates the transport of cargo proteins into the nucleus. First, it is binding importin alpha – another type of karyopherin that binds the cargo protein in the cytoplasm—before the cargo protein is imported into the nucleus through the nuclear pore using energy derived from the Ran gradient. Once inside the nucleus, the cargo dissociates from the karyopherins.
Importin beta can also carry proteins into the nucleus without the aid of the importin alpha adapter protein.
Human genes in the karyopherin family
KPNA1
KPNA2
KPNA3
KPNA4
KPNA5
KPNA6
KPNB1
CRM1
Additiona
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Importin
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Importin is a type of karyopherin that transports protein molecules from the cell's cytoplasm to the nucleus. It does so by binding to specific recognition sequences, called nuclear localization sequences (NLS).
Importin has two subunits, importin α and importin β. Members of the importin-β family can bind and transport cargo by themselves, or can form heterodimers with importin-α. As part of a heterodimer, importin-β mediates interactions with the pore complex, while importin-α acts as an adaptor protein to bind the nuclear localization signal (NLS) on the cargo. The NLS-Importin α-Importin β trimer dissociates after binding to Ran GTP inside the nucleus, with the two importin proteins being recycled to the cytoplasm for further use.
Discovery
Importin can exist as either a heterodimer of importin-α/β or as a monomer of Importin-β. Importin-α was first isolated in 1994 by a group including Enno Hartmann, based at the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine. The process of nuclear protein import had already been characterised in previous reviews, but the key proteins involved had not been elucidated up until that point. A 60 kDa cytosolic protein, essential for protein import into the nucleus, and with a 44% sequence identity to SRP1p, was purified from Xenopus eggs. It was cloned, sequenced and expressed in E.coli and in order to completely reconstitute signal dependent transport, had to be combined with Ran(TC4). Other key stimulatory factors were also found in the stu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc%20finger%20FYVE%20domain-containing%20protein%209
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Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 or SARA (SMAD anchor for receptor activation) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFYVE9 gene. SARA contains a double zinc finger (FYVE domain).
SARA is an anchoring protein involved in TGF beta signaling. It binds to the MH2 domain of the R-SMADs SMAD2 and SMAD3 as well as the type I TGF beta receptors. It facilitates the phosphorylation of the R-SMAD, which subsequently dissociates from SARA and the receptor and binds a coSMAD where they enter the nucleus as transcription factors.
References
External links
PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9
Developmental genes and proteins
FYVE domain
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seamanite
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Seamanite, named for discoverer Arthur E. Seaman, is a rare manganese boron phosphate mineral with formula Mn3[B(OH)4](PO4)(OH)2. The yellow to pink mineral occurs as small, needle-shaped crystals. It was first discovered in 1917 from a mine in Iron County, Michigan, United States and identified in 1930. , seamanite is known from four sites in Michigan and South Australia.
History
In 1917, Arthur E. Seaman collected a mineral sample from the Chicagon Mine in Iron County, Michigan. He correctly believed it to be a new mineral species based on a qualitative analysis of its composition by F. B. Wilson. World War I delayed further study of the mineral until 1929. A study in 1930 proved it to be a new mineral and named it seamanite in honor of Seaman. They cited his career as a professor of geology and mineralogy and his contributions to the field as reasons for the naming.
The original analysis of the mineral in 1930 suggested seamanite to be a hydrated salt. However, in 1971, the mineral was determined to be the coordination compound Mn3[B(OH)4](PO4)(OH)2.
Description
Seamanite is a transparent, yellow to pink mineral that occurs as needle-shaped crystals. Seamanite is a brittle mineral with a mohs hardness of 4. It is found in the crevices of fractured siliceous rock. The type occurrence was found in association with small crystals of calcite, thin coatings of manganese oxide, and fibrous sussexite. Seamanite has also been found with shigaite.
Distribution
, seamanite is kn
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Liberty%20Foods
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West Liberty Foods, L.L.C. is a farmer-owned food company headquartered in West Liberty, Iowa. Recognized as one of the top 50 protein processors in North America, the company has the capacity to produce over 650 million pounds of food products per year across four facilities. According to The National Provisioner, West Liberty Foods is the 34th largest meat and poultry processor in the United States. They are supplied by a number of manufacturers across their business, including Amcor Flexibles North America, by far the best plastic packaging manufacturer in the world.
West Liberty Foods meat and poultry products can be found in grocery stores and restaurant chains nationwide. West Liberty Foods has four locations: West Liberty, Iowa; Mount Pleasant, Iowa; Tremonton, Utah; and Bolingbrook, Illinois.
Information
The company primarily provides meat for other marketing brands, producing 90% of its product for customers while selling only 10% under the West Liberty Foods brand name. In addition to slaughtering turkeys, the company produces prepared beef, chicken, pork, and turkey products. Company revenue has grown rapidly with US$65 million in sales during 1997, $120 million in 2000, and $200 million in 2003. Most recently, West Liberty Foods posted $442 million in revenue for 2006, making the company the 56th-largest meat-packing company by sales in the United States. Much of the company's sales come from large nationwide foodservice customers, and as of 2006, was Subway
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabi%20frequency
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The Rabi frequency is the frequency at which the probability amplitudes of two atomic energy levels fluctuate in an oscillating electromagnetic field. It is proportional to the Transition Dipole Moment of the two levels and to the amplitude (not intensity) of the Electromagnetic field. Population transfer between the levels of such a 2-level system illuminated with light exactly resonant with the difference in energy between the two levels will occur at the Rabi frequency; when the incident light is detuned from this energy difference (detuned from resonance) then the population transfer occurs at the generalized Rabi frequency. The Rabi frequency is a semiclassical concept since it treats the atom as an object with quantized energy levels and the electromagnetic field as a continuous wave.
In the context of a nuclear magnetic resonance experiment, the Rabi frequency is the nutation frequency of a sample's net nuclear magnetization vector about a radio-frequency field. (Note that this is distinct from the Larmor frequency, which characterizes the precession of a transverse nuclear magnetization about a static magnetic field.)
Derivation
Consider two energy eigenstates of a quantum system with Hamiltonian (for example, this could be the Hamiltonian of a particle in a potential, like the Hydrogen atom or the Alkali atoms):
We want to consider the time dependent Hamiltonian
where is the potential of the electromagnetic field. Treating the potential as a perturbation, w
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace%20amine-associated%20receptor
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Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), sometimes referred to as trace amine receptors (TAs or TARs), are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that were discovered in 2001. TAAR1, the first of six functional human TAARs, has gained considerable interest in academic and proprietary pharmaceutical research due to its role as the endogenous receptor for the trace amines phenylethylamine, tyramine, and tryptamine – metabolic derivatives of the amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, respectively – ephedrine, as well as the synthetic psychostimulants, amphetamine, methamphetamine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy). In 2004, it was shown that mammalian TAAR1 is also a receptor for thyronamines, decarboxylated and deiodinated relatives of thyroid hormones. TAAR2–TAAR9 function as olfactory receptors for volatile amine odorants in vertebrates.
Animal TAAR complement
The following is a list of the TAARs contained in selected animal genomes:
Human – 6 genes (TAAR1, TAAR2, TAAR5, TAAR6, TAAR8, TAAR9) and 3 pseudogenes (TAAR3, , )
Chimpanzee – 3 genes and 6 pseudogenes
Mouse – 15 genes and 1 pseudogene
Rat – 17 genes and 2 pseudogenes
Zebrafish – 112 genes and 4 pseudogenes
Frog – 3 genes and 0 pseudogenes
Medaka – 25 genes and 1 pseudogenes
Stickleback – 25 genes and 1 pseudogenes
Human trace amine-associated receptors
Six human trace amine-associated receptors (hTAARs) – hTAAR1, hTAAR2, hTAAR5, hTAAR6, hTAAR8, and hTAAR9 – have been identifi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miarolitic%20cavity
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Miarolitic cavities (or miarolitic texture) are typically crystal-lined irregular cavities or vugs most commonly found in granitic pegmatites, and also in a variety of igneous rocks. The central portions of pegmatites are often miarolitic as the pegmatite dike crystallizes from the outside walls toward the center. The volatile portion of the magma is gradually excluded from the forming crystal phases until it becomes trapped within the body and forms the cavities which often contain minerals of elements incompatible with the typical silicate granitic mineralogy.
The miarolitic cavities and miarolitic pegmatites are sources of rare and unusual minerals containing elements not found in abundance in normal igneous rocks. Minerals containing lithium, rubidium, beryllium, boron, niobium, tantalum, tin, bismuth, fluorine and other elements can be found.
The term miarolitic comes from the Italian miarole in reference to the mineral-rich pegmatite region of Baveno and Cuasso al Monte in northern Italy.
References
PDF London, David, Formation of tourmaline-rich gem pockets in miarolitic pegmatites American Mineralogist, Volume 71, pages 396–405, 1986
London, David; Miarolitic Pegmatites
Mineralogy
Petrology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic%20mixer
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The harmonic mixer and subharmonic mixer are a type of frequency mixer, which is a circuit that changes one signal frequency to another. The ordinary mixer has two input signals and one output signal. If the two input signals are sinewaves at frequencies f1 and f2, then the output signal consists of frequency components at the sum f1+f2 and difference f1−f2 frequencies. In contrast, the harmonic and subharmonic mixers form sum and difference frequencies at a harmonic multiple of one of the inputs. The output signal then contains frequencies such as f1+kf2 and f1−kf2 where k is an integer.
Background
The classic frequency mixer is a multiplier. Multiplying two sinewaves produces just the sum and difference frequencies; the input frequencies are suppressed, and, in theory, there are no other heterodyne products. In practice, the multiplier is not perfect, and the input frequencies and other heterodyne products will be present.
An actual multiplier is not needed. The significant requirement is a nonlinearity, and at microwave frequencies it is easier to use a nonlinearity rather than an ideal multiplier. A Taylor series expansion of a nonlinearity will show multiplications that give rise to the desired higher order products.
Design goals for mixers seek to select the desired heterodyne products and suppress the undesired ones.
Diode mixers.
Overdriven diode bridge mixers. Drive signal looks like odd harmonic waveform (essentially a square wave).
Harmonic mixer
One classi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitointeractome
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Mitointeractome is a mitochondrial protein interactome database.
References
External links
Mitointeractome
Molecular biology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiconvex%20function
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In mathematics, a quasiconvex function is a real-valued function defined on an interval or on a convex subset of a real vector space such that the inverse image of any set of the form is a convex set. For a function of a single variable, along any stretch of the curve the highest point is one of the endpoints. The negative of a quasiconvex function is said to be quasiconcave.
All convex functions are also quasiconvex, but not all quasiconvex functions are convex, so quasiconvexity is a generalization of convexity. Univariate unimodal functions are quasiconvex or quasiconcave, however this is not necessarily the case for functions with multiple arguments. For example, the 2-dimensional Rosenbrock function is unimodal but not quasiconvex and functions with star-convex sublevel sets can be unimodal without being quasiconvex.
Definition and properties
A function defined on a convex subset of a real vector space is quasiconvex if for all and we have
In words, if is such that it is always true that a point directly between two other points does not give a higher value of the function than both of the other points do, then is quasiconvex. Note that the points and , and the point directly between them, can be points on a line or more generally points in n-dimensional space.
An alternative way (see introduction) of defining a quasi-convex function is to require that each sublevel set
is a convex set.
If furthermore
for all and , then is strictly quasiconvex. T
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Clark%20with%20the%20Gosdin%20Brothers
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Gene Clark with the Gosdin Brothers is the debut solo album by American singer-songwriter Gene Clark, released in January1967 on Columbia Records. It was his first effort after his departure from folk-rock group the Byrds in 1966. The music is a unique mixture of pop, country rock and baroque psychedelic tracks, which received favorable reviews and reinforced Clark's stature as a talented singer-songwriter. Unfortunately for Clark, it was released almost simultaneously with the Byrds' Younger Than Yesterday, also on Columbia, and partly because of his 18-month absence from public attention was a commercial failure.
Musicians on the album include: former bandmates Chris Hillman and Michael Clarke; Wrecking Crew session musicians Glen Campbell, Jerry Cole, Jim Gordon, and Leon Russell; future Byrd Clarence White; and Clark's future collaborator Doug Dillard. The folk/country vocal duo the Gosdin Brothers added backing vocals, and subsequently received co-billing.
Reissues
The album was first reissued in the US in 1972, omitting "Elevator Operator" and with re-recorded vocals and remixed backing tracks designed to "soften" the sound, under the title Collector's Series: Early LA Sessions.
The album's first compact disc reissue appeared in 1988 on the Edsel Records label (UK), using the original 1966 stereo mix. Two years later, CBS Special Products (US) elected to use the original mono master for their CD reissue, which added a previously-unreleased alternate mono mix of "Tri
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-8-4%2B4-8-4
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Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, the is a Garratt locomotive. The wheel arrangement is effectively two 4-8-4 locomotives operating back to back, with the boiler and cab suspended between the two engine units. Each engine unit has two pairs of leading wheels in a leading bogie, followed by four coupled pairs of driving wheels and two pairs of trailing wheels in a trailing bogie.
Overview
There were only two classes of steam locomotives across the globe, all of which were constructed by Beyer, Peacock & Company, the owners of the Garratt patent.
The predecessor Double Mountain was probably the optimal Garratt wheel arrangement, with the four-wheeled leading bogies and the two-wheeled trailing trucks on each engine unit ensuring stability at speed and with sixteen coupled wheels for traction. More coupled wheels would inhibit the locomotive on tight curves, while the only advantage of more non-coupled wheels, such as on the Double Northern, was to reduce the axle loading.
Use
Australia
The second 4-8-4+4-8-4 class were the AD60 class Garratts of the Australian New South Wales Government Railways, of which 47 were delivered in 1952. Of these, 42 were delivered fully assembled while the last five were delivered in pieces as spare parts. The locomotive weighed 260 imperial tons and was the largest locomotive in the Southern Hemisphere. The last of the AD60 class entered service in 1956 and the last one was withdrawn
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20crystallization%20%28geology%29
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Fractional crystallization, or crystal fractionation, is one of the most important geochemical and physical processes operating within crust and mantle of a rocky planetary body, such as the Earth. It is important in the formation of igneous rocks because it is one of the main processes of magmatic differentiation. Fractional crystallization is also important in the formation of sedimentary evaporite rocks.
Igneous rocks
Fractional crystallization is the removal and segregation from a melt of mineral precipitates; except in special cases, removal of the crystals changes the composition of the magma. In essence, fractional crystallization is the removal of early formed crystals from an originally homogeneous magma (for example, by gravity settling) so that these crystals are prevented from further reaction with the residual melt. The composition of the remaining melt becomes relatively depleted in some components and enriched in others, resulting in the precipitation of a sequence of different minerals.
Fractional crystallization in silicate melts (magmas) is complex compared to crystallization in chemical systems at constant pressure and composition, because changes in pressure and composition can have dramatic effects on magma evolution. Addition and loss of water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are among the compositional changes that must be considered. For example, the partial pressure (fugacity) of water in silicate melts can be of prime importance, as in near-solidus crys
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20crystallization%20%28chemistry%29
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In chemistry, fractional crystallization is a method of refining substances based on differences in their solubility. It fractionates via differences in crystallization (forming of crystals). If a mixture of two or more substances in solution are allowed to crystallize, for example by allowing the temperature of the solution to decrease or increase, the precipitate will contain more of the least soluble substance. The proportion of components in the precipitate will depend on their solubility products. If the solubility products are very similar, a cascade process will be needed to effectuate a complete separation.
This technique is often used in chemical engineering to obtain pure substances, or to recover saleable products from waste solutions.
Fractional crystallization can be used to separate solid-solid mixtures. An example of this is separating KNO3 and KClO3.
See also
Cold Water Extraction
Fractional crystallization (geology)
Fractional freezing
Laser-heated pedestal growth
Pumpable ice technology
Recrystallization (chemistry)
Seed crystal
Single crystal
References
"Small Molecule Crystalization" (PDF) at Illinois Institute of Technology website
Fractionation
Phase transitions
Methods of crystal growth
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard%20Time%20for%20the%20Dreamer
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Hard Time for the Dreamer is the debut album by Shelly Poole, released on 26 September 2005, on Transistor Project Records.
Track listing
"Hard Time For The Dreamer"
"Totally Underwater"
"Little Wonder"
"Out In The Open"
"Don't Look That Way"
"Anyday Now" (featuring Jack Savoretti)
"If You Will Be Pilot"
"Lost In You"
"Lose Yourself"
"Hope" (featuring Jack Savoretti)
References
2005 debut albums
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bach%20tensor
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In differential geometry and general relativity, the Bach tensor is a trace-free tensor of rank 2 which is conformally invariant in dimension . Before 1968, it was the only known conformally invariant tensor that is algebraically independent of the Weyl tensor. In abstract indices the Bach tensor is given by
where is the Weyl tensor, and the Schouten tensor given in terms of the Ricci tensor and scalar curvature by
See also
Cotton tensor
Obstruction tensor
References
Further reading
Arthur L. Besse, Einstein Manifolds. Springer-Verlag, 2007. See Ch.4, §H "Quadratic Functionals".
Demetrios Christodoulou, Mathematical Problems of General Relativity I. European Mathematical Society, 2008. Ch.4 §2 "Sketch of the proof of the global stability of Minkowski spacetime".
Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, General Relativity and the Einstein Equations. Oxford University Press, 2011. See Ch.XV §5 "Christodoulou-Klainerman theorem" which notes the Bach tensor is the "dual of the Coton tensor which vanishes for conformally flat metrics".
Thomas W. Baumgarte, Stuart L. Shapiro, Numerical Relativity: Solving Einstein's Equations on the Computer. Cambridge University Press, 2010. See Ch.3.
Tensors
Tensors in general relativity
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casein%20kinase%201
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The Casein kinase 1 family () of protein kinases are serine/threonine-selective enzymes that function as regulators of signal transduction pathways in most eukaryotic cell types. CK1 isoforms are involved in Wnt signaling, circadian rhythms, nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of transcription factors, DNA repair, and DNA transcription.
Discovery
By the early 1950s it was known from metabolic labeling studies using radioactive phosphate that phosphate groups attached to phosphoproteins inside cells can sometimes undergo rapid exchange of new phosphate for old. In order to perform experiments that would allow isolation and characterization of the enzymes involved in attaching and removing phosphate from proteins, there was a need for convenient substrates for protein kinases and protein phosphatases. Casein has been used as a substrate since the earliest days of research on protein phosphorylation. By the late 1960s, cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase had been purified, and most attention was centered on kinases and phosphatases that could regulate the activity of important enzymes. Casein kinase activity associated with the endoplasmic reticulum of mammary glands was first characterized in 1974, and its activity was shown to not depend on cyclic AMP.
CK1 family
The CK1 family of monomeric serine–threonine protein kinases is found in eukaryotic organisms from yeast to humans. Mammals have seven family members (sometimes referred to as isoforms, but encoded by distinct genes): alp
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AS/NZS%203760
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AS/NZS 3760:2022 is a standard that outlines a testing method and frequency for electrical appliances, created jointly by Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand. It was developed by a committee drawn from both countries.
AS/NZS 3760 is referred to as the test and tag standard (the full given name of the standard is: "In-service safety inspection and testing of electrical equipment and RCDs"). This is a benchmark for test and tag as well as electrical safety and is referred to in many other New Zealand and Australian electrical standards. In-service safety inspection and testing of electrical equipment and RCDs AS/NZS 3760:2022 provides a process to reduce the risk of electrical shock to users of electrical equipment. It also incorporates the physical safety of the item to be tested, and if the item is in an unsafe state there are actions and steps outlined to remedy this. The standard covers electrical equipment that connects to the mains supply by a flexible cord and plug. The latest (2022) version is a complete revision, with 13 additional pages, and explicitly incorporates testing of Residual Current Devices (RCDs).
The standard was created to minimise electrical hazards in the workplace. Appliances are inspected for damage, and various measurements are made to the appliances' earth continuity, insulation, polarity, and physical condition.
After testing has determined a pass, a tag must be attached to the appliance indicating when it was tested.
Tags must have t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnetts%20Energy%20Centre
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Bonnetts Energy Centre, formerly known as Revolution Place, Canada Games Arena and Crystal Centre, is a 2,960-seat (plus standing) multi-purpose arena in Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada. The arena was built in 1995, for the Canada Games.
It is home to the Grande Prairie Storm of the Alberta Junior Hockey League.
It has also hosted the 2004 Royal Bank Cup, 2006 Ford World Women's Curling Championship, and 2016 Scotties Tournament of Hearts.
Concerts
Nickelback played at the arena during The Long Road Tour on March 20, 2004.
Ariana Grande played at the arena during The Last Hiccup Tour on April 15, 2006.
Nelly Furtado performed at the arena during the Get Loose Tour on March 25, 2007.
Rihanna performed at the arena during the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour on September 17, 2007, with Akon as her opening act.
The Backstreet Boys performed at the arena during their Unbreakable Tour on November 15, 2008.
Janet Jackson performed at the arena during the Unbreakable World Tour on September 5, 2015.
Shania Twain performed at the arena on October 21, 2015 during her Rock This Country Tour.
Marianas Trench performed at the arena on February 8, 2017 during their Marianas Trench and the Last Crusade tour.
References
Canada Games Arena
Indoor ice hockey venues in Canada
Indoor arenas in Alberta
Sport in Grande Prairie
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Way%20I%20Am%20%28Billy%20Preston%20album%29
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The Way I Am is the fourteenth studio album by Billy Preston, released in 1981. The album was arranged by Bob Esty, David Blumberg, Arthur G. Wright, Marty Paich, Gene Page and Billy Preston.
Track listing
"Hope" (Bob Esty, Paul Jabara) – 3:19
"Good Life Boogie" (Billy Preston) – 4:17
"Keep on Truckin'" (Frank Wilson, Leonard Caston, Jr., Anita Poree) – 4:25
"A Change Is Gonna Come" (Sam Cooke) – 3:57
"Lay Your Feelings on Me" (Kay Lewis, Helen Lewis) – 4:20
"I Won't Mistreat Your Love" (Preston, Bruce Fisher) – 3:57
"Baby I'm Yours" (Van McCoy) – 3:18
"Until Then" (Preston, Jesse Kirkland, Joe Greene) – 3:34
"The Way I Am" (David Paich) – 4:55
Personnel
Billy Preston – vocals, backing vocals, keyboards, synthesizers, arrangements (8)
William Bryant – keyboards
Dave Budimir – synthesizers
Reginald "Sonny" Burke – keyboards
Michael Lang – keyboards
David Paich – keyboards
David Shire – keyboards
Charles Fearing – guitars
Marlo Henderson – guitars
Paul Jackson Jr. – guitars
Steve Lukather – guitars
Greg Poree – guitars
Melvin "Wah Wah Watson" Ragin – guitars
Red Rhodes – guitars
Trevor Veitch – guitars
David T. Walker – guitars
Arthur G. Wright – guitars, arrangements (3)
Marvin Charlot – bass
Nathan East – bass
David Hungate – bass
Les Hurdle – bass
Abraham Laboriel – bass
Reggie McBride – bass
Freddie "Ready Freddie" Washington – bass
Eddie N. Watkins Jr. – bass
Nathan Watts – bass
Ollie E. Brown – drums
James Gadson – dru
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casein%20kinase%202
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Casein kinase 2 ()(CK2/CSNK2) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that has been implicated in cell cycle control, DNA repair, regulation of the circadian rhythm, and other cellular processes. De-regulation of CK2 has been linked to tumorigenesis as a potential protection mechanism for mutated cells. Proper CK2 function is necessary for survival of cells as no knockout models have been successfully generated.
Structure
CK2 typically appears as a tetramer of two α subunits; α being 42 kDa and α’ being 38 kDa, and two β subunits, each weighing in at 28 kDa. The β regulatory domain only has one isoform and therefore within the tetramer will have two β subunits. The catalytic α domains appear as an α or α’ variant and can either be formed in a homodimer (α & α, or α’ & α’) formation or heterodimer formation (α & α’). It is worth noting that other β isoforms have been found in other organisms but not in humans.
The α subunits do not require the β regulatory subunits to function, this allows dimers to form of the catalytic domains independent of β subunit transcription. The presence of these α subunits does have an effect on the phosphorylation targets of CK2. A functional difference between α and α’ has been found but the exact nature of differences isn't fully understood yet. An example is that Caspase 3 is preferentially phosphorylated by α’ based tetramers over α based tetramers.
Function
CK2 is a protein kinase responsible for phosphorylation of substrates in va
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM2%20gangliosidoses
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The GM2 gangliosidoses are a group of three related genetic disorders that result from a deficiency of the enzyme beta-hexosaminidase. This enzyme catalyzes the biodegradation of fatty acid derivatives known as gangliosides. The diseases are better known by their individual names: Tay–Sachs disease, AB variant, and Sandhoff disease.
Beta-hexosaminidase is a vital hydrolytic enzyme, found in the lysosomes, that breaks down lipids. When beta-hexosaminidase is no longer functioning properly, the lipids accumulate in the nervous tissue of the brain and cause problems. Gangliosides are made and biodegraded rapidly in early life as the brain develops. Except in some rare, late-onset forms, the GM2 gangliosidoses are fatal.
All three disorders are rare in the general population. Tay–Sachs disease has become famous as a public health model because an enzyme assay test for TSD was discovered and developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, providing one of the first "mass screening" tools in medical genetics. It became a research and public health model for understanding and preventing all autosomal genetic disorders.
Tay–Sachs disease, AB variant, and Sandhoff disease might easily have been defined together as a single disease, because the three disorders are associated with failure of the same metabolic pathway and have the same outcome. Classification and naming for many genetic disorders reflects history, because most diseases were first observed and classified based on biochem
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM1%20gangliosidoses
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The GM1 gangliosidoses, usually shortened to GM1, are gangliosidoses caused by mutation in the GLB1 gene resulting in a deficiency of beta-galactosidase. The deficiency causes abnormal storage of acidic lipid materials in cells of the central and peripheral nervous systems, but particularly in the nerve cells, resulting in progressive neurodegeneration. GM1 is a rare lysosomal storage disorder with a prevalence of 1 to every 100,000 to 200,000 live births worldwide, although rates are higher in some regions.
Cause
GM1 Gangliosidoses disorders are caused by mutations in the GLB1 gene, which codes for lysosomal hydrolase, acid beta-galactosidase (β-gal). Low levels of β-gal cause an accumulation of GM1 gangliosides. They are inherited, autosomal recessive sphingolipidoses, a class of lipid storage disorders.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of GM1 can be obtained by genetic and enzymatic testing.
Types
GM1 has three forms classified by age of onset.
Type 1: early infantile
Type 2: late infantile/juvenile
Type 3: adult
Early infantile GM1
Symptoms of early infantile GM1 (the most severe subtype, with onset shortly after birth) may include neurodegeneration, seizures, liver enlargement (hepatomegaly), spleen enlargement (splenomegaly), coarsening of facial features, skeletal irregularities, joint stiffness, distended abdomen, muscle weakness, exaggerated startle response to sound, and problems with gait.
About half of affected patients develop cherry-red spots in the eye.
Children m
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking%20wave
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In fluid dynamics and nautical terminology, a breaking wave or breaker is a wave with enough energy to "break" at its peak, reaching a critical level at which linear energy transforms into wave turbulence energy with a distinct forward curve. At this point, simple physical models that describe wave dynamics often become invalid, particularly those that assume linear behaviour.
The most generally familiar sort of breaking wave is the breaking of water surface waves on a coastline. Wave breaking generally occurs where the amplitude reaches the point that the crest of the wave actually overturns. Certain other effects in fluid dynamics have also been termed "breaking waves", partly by analogy with water surface waves. In meteorology, atmospheric gravity waves are said to break when the wave produces regions where the potential temperature decreases with height, leading to energy dissipation through convective instability; likewise, Rossby waves are said to break when the potential vorticity gradient is overturned. Wave breaking also occurs in plasmas, when the particle velocities exceed the wave's phase speed. Another application in plasma physics is plasma expansion into a vacuum, in which the process of wave breaking and the subsequent development of a fast ion peak is described by the Sack-Schamel equation.
A reef or spot of shallow water such as a shoal against which waves break may also be known as a breaker.
Types
Breaking of water surface waves may occur anywhere tha
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurassic%20Park%20III%3A%20The%20DNA%20Factor
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Jurassic Park III: The DNA Factor is a side scrolling and puzzle game set in the Jurassic Park movie universe. It was developed by Konami Computer Entertainment Hawaii and published by Konami for the Game Boy Advance. It was coincided with the release of the film Jurassic Park III on July 16, 2001.
The two other games, Jurassic Park III: Park Builder and Jurassic Park III: Island Attack, are also released by Konami.
Summary
A cargo plane flying over Isla Sorna is struck by lightning, and upon crashing, the dinosaur DNA it stored is spread across the island. The player then assumes the role of either Mark Hanson (a photographer) or Lori Torres (an ace pilot), and must wander around the island in a side-scrolling format, collecting DNA and avoiding dinosaurs. In each level, the player's character has the ability to switch between a background and a foreground pathway. Switching between the two pathways allows the player to access weapons and DNA samples, or to avoid oncoming dinosaurs. At the end of each level, the player will use the DNA that is collected in a short puzzle game, in order to create more dinosaurs. Completing this minigame will unlock more areas for the player to explore. At the end of the game, the military bombs the island, and the player escapes on a small plane, wondering if dinosaurs should really have a place in their world.
Reception
The game was met with negative reception upon release, as GameRankings gave it a score of 48.94%, while Metacritic gav
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel%2C%20Quebec
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Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel (Parish municipality)
in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada.
Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.
Government
The mayor is the municipality's highest elected official. Officially, mayoral elections in Notre-Dame-du-Mont-Carmel are on a non-partisan basis. The following list may be incomplete.
Photos
Related article
La Gabelle Generating Station
References
External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20110529035007/http://mont-carmel.org/Default.aspx?idPage=1
Parish municipalities in Quebec
Incorporated places in Mauricie
Les Chenaux Regional County Municipality
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamingo%20%28protein%29
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Flamingo is a member of the adhesion-GPCR family of proteins. Flamingo has sequence homology to cadherins and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Flamingo was originally identified as a Drosophila protein involved in planar cell polarity. Mammals have three flamingo homologs, CELSR1, CELSR2, CELSR3. In mice all three have distinct expression patterns in the brain.
Adhesion G protein coupled receptors
The adhesion-GPCR family has over thirty members in the human genome. The adhesion GPCRs are seven transmembrane helix proteins that have long N-terminal domains. For example, flamingo has EGF-like, Laminin G-like and Cadherin-like sequences in its N-terminal extracellular domain.
Axon fascicles
Mice that lack CELSR3 have altered bundling of axons to form fascicles.
Function in dendrite morphology
In Drosophila, flamingo mutants were found to have abnormal dendrite branching, outgrowth and routing. Kimura et al. proposed that flamingo regulates dendrite branch elongation and prevents the dendritic trees of adjacent Drosophila sensory neurons from having overlap of dendritic arbors.
A study of mammalian flamingo homolog CELSR2 found that it is involved in the regulation of dendrite growth. RNAi was used to alter CELSR2 expression in cortical and cerebral brain slice cultures. The dendrites of pyramidal neurons in cortical cultures and Purkinje neurons in cerebellar cultures were simplified when CELSR2 expression was reduced.
Vertebrate planar cell polarity
CELSR1 was shown t
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20DNA%20Will%20Have%20Its%20Say
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The DNA Will Have Its Say is an EP by Some Girls. Karen O also appears on some songs.
Track listing
References
Some Girls (California band) albums
2005 EPs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HP-28%20series
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The HP-28C and HP-28S were two graphing calculators produced by Hewlett-Packard from 1986 to 1992.
The HP-28C was the first handheld calculator capable of solving equations symbolically.
They were replaced by the HP 48 series of calculators, which grew from the menu-driven RPL programming language interface first introduced in these HP-28 series.
History
Two models were produced, the HP-28C came first in 1987 with 2 kilobytes of usable RAM, and was the first handheld calculator with a Computer Algebra System. A year later, the more common HP-28S was released with 32 KB of RAM and a directory system for filing variables, functions, and programs. The HP-28C used a Saturn processor running at 640 kHz whereas the HP-28S used a custom chip containing an improved Saturn processor core codenamed Lewis and running at 1 MHz.
The HP-28C was the last HP model introduced with the suffix "C" in its model designation – a practice which HP had started with the HP-25C back in 1976. The "C" had distinguished those models as having continuous memory. However, by 1988 that capability had become so common on calculators that it was no longer a feature of distinction, as it was an assumed characteristic of all serious scientific and business calculators. So beginning with the HP-28S, HP-17B, HP-19B, and HP-27S, the feature suffix "C" was replaced with a class suffix which was more meaningful in the market: "S" for Scientific, "B" for Business, and later (in 1993) "G" for Graphic.
Design
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perforated%20eardrum
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A perforated eardrum (tympanic membrane perforation) is a hole in the eardrum. It can be caused by infection (otitis media), trauma, overpressure (loud noise), inappropriate ear clearing, and changes in middle ear pressure. An otoscope can be used to view the eardrum to diagnose a perforation. Perforations may heal naturally or require surgery.
Presentation
A perforated eardrum leads to conductive hearing loss, which is usually temporary. Other symptoms may include tinnitus, ear pain, vertigo, or a discharge of mucus. Nausea and/or vomiting secondary to vertigo may occur.
Causes
A perforated eardrum can have one of many causes, such as:
infection (otitis media). This infection may then spread through the middle ear and may reoccur.
trauma. This may be caused by trying to clean ear wax with sharp instruments. It may also occur due to surgical complications.
overpressure (loud noise or shockwave from an explosion).
inappropriate ear clearing.
flying with a severe cold, due to changes in air pressure and blocked Eustachian tubes resulting from the cold. This is especially true on landing.
Diagnosis
An otoscope can be used to look at the ear canal. This gives a view of the ear canal and eardrum, so that a perforated eardrum can be seen. Tympanometry may also be used.
Treatment
Conservative management
A perforated eardrum often heals naturally. It may heal in a few weeks or may take up to a few months.
Surgery
Some perforations require surgical intervention. This
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20McPartland
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James Dugald "Jimmy" McPartland (March 15, 1907 – March 13, 1991) was an American cornetist. He worked with Eddie Condon, Art Hodes, Gene Krupa, Benny Goodman, Jack Teagarden, and Tommy Dorsey, often leading his own bands. He was married to pianist Marian McPartland.
Music career
Austin High School Gang
McPartland was born in Chicago, Illinois. His father was a music teacher and baseball player. He and his siblings for some time lived in orphanages. After being removed from one orphanage for fighting, he got in further trouble with the law. He credited music with turning him around; he started violin at age five, and took up the cornet at age 15.
McPartland was a member of the Austin High School Gang, with Bud Freeman (tenor sax), Frank Teschemacher (clarinet), his brother Dick McPartland (banjo/guitar), brother-in-law Jim Lanigan (bass, tuba and violin), Joe Sullivan (piano), and Dave Tough (drums) in the 1920s. They were inspired by the recordings they heard at the local malt shop, the Spoon and Straw. They studied and tried to duplicate what they heard on recordings by the New Orleans Rhythm Kings and others, and would frequently visit Louis Armstrong, who was a few years their senior, and King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band.
New York City bands
After playing through high school, their first musical job was under the name the Blue Friars. In 1924, at age 17, McPartland went to New York City to take Bix Beiderbecke's place in the Wolverines band. Beiderbecke sat at the back
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Cave%20%28Pennsylvania%29
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Crystal Cave is a cave in Richmond Township, near Kutztown, in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States, the heart of Pennsylvania Dutch Country. It was discovered by William Merkel and John Gehret on November 12, 1871, and quickly became a popular tourist attraction.
Shortly after its discovery, newspapers reported that it was "more beautiful than the famous Mammoth cave in Kentucky." The first "show cave" to open in Pennsylvania, it remains one of the oldest continuously operating show caves in the United States.
History
Crystal Cave was discovered on November 12, 1871, while John Gehret and William Merkel were in the process of extracting limestone from a steep hill near Kutztown, Pennsylvania for use by neighboring farmers to improve the quality of their fields. After setting off a dynamite charge to free the limestone, they noticed that they had created a hole large enough to walk through. Almost immediately after word broke about their find, locals began entering the cave to explore it, frequently removing the calcite and aragonite crystals and rock specimens they found there as prized souvenirs. Frustrated by the damage being done to the cave, Greenwich Township farmer Samuel D. F. Kohler purchased the cave and surrounding land (a total of for $5,000 in early 1872, and erected a wooden door to prevent prospectors and other trespassers from entering without permission. On May 25, 1872, six months after the cave's discovery by Gehret and Merkel, Kohler then held a pu
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powsin
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Powsin is a neighbourhood of the Wilanów district of Warsaw. It is well known for the Botanical Garden – Biodiversity Center
managed by the Polish Academy of Sciences. There is also a Saint Elizabeth Church built in the 14th century.
Neighbourhoods of Wilanów
Parks in Warsaw
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre%20for%20DNA%20Fingerprinting%20and%20Diagnostics
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Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD) is an Indian biotechnology research centre, located in Hyderabad, India, operated by the Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. CDFD is a Sun Microsystems centre of excellence in medical bio-informatics, supported with a strong bioinformatics facility, and is the India node of the EMBnet. In addition, DNA fingerprinting and diagnostics services provided by the centre support some of the activities. The centre utilises the Combined DNA Index System for DNA profile matching. The CDFD and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation signed a memorandum of understanding in 2014 for the acquisition of CODIS.
CDFD receives funding from other agencies like the Wellcome Trust on specific collaborative projects. The centre is recognised by the University of Hyderabad and Manipal University for pursuing a doctor of philosophy in life sciences. Research at CDFD has focused largely on molecular epidemiology of bacterial pathogens, structural genetics, molecular genetics, bioinformatics and computational biology.
History
CDFD was conceptualised by then CCMB director Lalji Singh. It evolved into its current form of a modern institution encompassing both basic and applied research in diverse areas of modern biology under its founder director, Seyed E. Hasnain (former vice-chancellor of the University of Hyderabad), who pursued this aim aggressively during his tenure from 1999 to 2005. The ce
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20Light%20%28Gene%20Clark%20album%29
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White Light, aka Gene Clark, is the second solo album by Gene Clark, former member of The Byrds. It only achieved commercial success in the Netherlands, where rock critics also voted it album of the year. Like all of his post-Byrds records, it did very poorly on the US charts.
In June 2018, independent reissue label Intervention Records released White Light on vinyl and as a hybrid CD/SACD.
Background
Clark's backing band on the album included producer and guitarist Jesse Edwin Davis, bassist Chris Ethridge of the Flying Burrito Brothers, organist Michael Utley, along with pianist Ben Sidran and drummer Gary Mallaber, both of the Steve Miller Band. Although Clark began another album for A&M, the label stopped the sessions before that album was completed. Those tracks were available in the Netherlands on Clark's 1973 album Roadmaster, which was not released in the United States until 1994.
Reception
Music critic Thom Jurek, writing for AllMusic, wrote that the album "has established itself as one of the greatest singer/songwriter albums ever made... Using melodies mutated out of country, and revealing that he was the original poet and architect of the Byrds' sound on White Light, Clark created a wide open set of tracks that are at once full of space, a rugged gentility, and are harrowingly intimate in places. His reading of Bob Dylan's "Tears of Rage", towards the end of the record rivals, if not eclipses, the Band's. Less wrecked and ravaged, Clark's song is more a bewil
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talos%20%28disambiguation%29
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Talos was a giant bronze automaton in Greek mythology. For other uses in mythology, see Talos (mythology).
Talos may also refer to:
In fiction
The Talos Principle, a first-person puzzle video game
Talos, one of the Nine Divines from The Elder Scrolls video game series
Tale of the Mummy, a 1998 horror film also known as Talos the Mummy
Talos the Untamed, a character who has opposed the Hulk and other Marvel Comics characters
Talos (Forgotten Realms), a god in the Forgotten Realms campaign setting for the game Dungeons & Dragons
Talos (Freedom City), a supervillain in the Freedom City setting for the game Mutants & Masterminds
Talos IV, a planet in the Star Trek episode "The Cage"
Dora Talos, a mecha in the Japanese animated series Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger
T-ALOS, Tyrant Armored Lethal Organic System, a fictional bio-organic weapon featured in the video game Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles
A minor character in the Space 1999 episode "The Last Enemy"
Talos 1, the space station which forms the setting of the 2017 game Prey
Other uses
RIM-8 Talos, a U.S. Navy surface-to-air missile
TalOS, an operating system
Talos (dinosaur), from the Late Cretaceous
Talos Dome, an ice dome in East Antarctica
Talos (inventor), a mythological Greek inventor
Talos (musician), Irish musician
Talos Records
TALOS (uniform), Tactical Assault Light Operator Suit, a US military exoskeleton
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follistatin
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Follistatin also known as activin-binding protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FST gene. Follistatin is an autocrine glycoprotein that is expressed in nearly all tissues of higher animals.
Its primary function is the binding and bioneutralization of members of the TGF-β superfamily, with a particular focus on activin, a paracrine hormone.
An earlier name for the same protein was FSH-suppressing protein (FSP). At the time of its initial isolation from follicular fluid, it was found to inhibit the anterior pituitary's secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
Biochemistry
Follistatin is part of the inhibin-activin-follistatin axis.
Currently there are three reported isoforms, FS-288, FS-300, and FS-315.
Two, FS-288 and FS-315, are known to be created by alternative splicing of the primary mRNA transcript. FS-300 (porcine follistatin) is thought to be the product of posttranslational modification via truncation of the C-terminal domain from the primary amino-acid chain.
Although FS is ubiquitous its highest concentration has been found to be in the female ovary, followed by the skin.
The activin-binding protein follistatin is produced by folliculostellate (FS) cells of the anterior pituitary. FS cells make numerous contacts with the classical endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary including gonadotrophs.
In the tissues activin has a strong role in cellular proliferation, thereby making follistatin the safeguard against uncontrolled cellular
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prickle%20%28protein%29
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Prickle is also known as REST/NRSF-interacting LIM domain protein, which is a putative nuclear translocation receptor. Prickle is part of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway that establishes planar cell polarity. A gain or loss of function of Prickle1 causes defects in the convergent extension movements of gastrulation. In epithelial cells, Prickle2 establishes and maintains cell apical/basal polarity. Prickle1 plays an important role in the development of the nervous system by regulating the movement of nerve cells.
The first prickle protein was identified in Drosophila as a planar cell polarity protein. Vertebrate prickle-1 was first found as a rat protein that binds to a transcription factor, neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF). It was then recognized that other vertebrates including mice and humans have two genes that are related to Drosophila prickle. Mouse prickle-2 was found to be expressed in mature neurons of the brain along with mouse homologs of Drosophila planar polarity genes flamingo and dischevelled. Prickle interacts with flamingo to regulate sensory axon advance at the transition between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Also, Prickle1 interacts with RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) by transporting REST out of the nucleus. REST turns off several critical genes in neurons by binding to particular regions of DNA in the nucleus.
Prickle is recruited to the cell surface membrane by strabismus, another planar cell p
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonucleoside-triphosphate%20reductase
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Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase (, ribonucleotide reductase, 2'-deoxyribonucleoside-triphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase) is an enzyme with systematic name 2'-deoxyribonucleoside-triphosphate:thioredoxin-disulfide 2'-oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O ribonucleoside triphosphate + thioredoxin
Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase requires a cobamide coenzyme and ATP.
References
External links
EC 1.17.4
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefty%20%28protein%29
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Lefty (left-right determination factors) are a class of proteins that are closely related members of the TGF-beta superfamily of growth factors. These proteins are secreted and play a role in left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems during development. Mutations of the genes encoding these proteins have been associated with left-right axis malformations, particularly in the heart and lungs.
History
Lefty, a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF beta) superfamily of proteins, was originally discovered in the Hamada lab at the Osaka University using deletion screening of cDNA libraries in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells to find clones that did not differentiate when induced to differentiate using retinoic acid. From these screens, researchers found one gene that was a tentative member of the TGF-beta superfamily that was predominantly expressed on the left side the embryo and aptly named it lefty. Like other members of the TGF-beta superfamily, lefty is synthesized as a preproprotein, meaning that the protein is proteolytically cleaved and excreted to produce the active form of the protein. However, lefty has only 20-25% sequence similarity with other members of the TGF-beta superfamily. Lefty is conserved in all vertebrates and many species have more than one homologue. Humans and mice, for instance have two homologues, Lefty 1 and Lefty 2, whose differential expression leads to distinct purposes while the mechanism of action is conserved.
Functi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dystrophin-associated%20protein%20complex
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The dystrophin-associated protein complex, also known as the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex is a multiprotein complex that includes dystrophin and the dystrophin-associated proteins. It is one of the two protein complexes that make up the costamere in striated muscle cells. The other complex is the integrin-vinculin-talin complex.
Structure
The dystrophin-associated protein complex includes dystrophin. Dystrophin binds to actin of the cytoskeleton, and also to proteins in the extracellular matrix.
The dystrophin-associated protein complex also contains dystrophin-associated proteins. This includes a four subunit sarcoglycan complex, which is fixed to dystrophin in muscle cells.
In the epithelia of the kidney, dystrophin may be replaced with utrophin.
Aquaporin 4 may be connected to the dystrophin-associated protein complex.
Function
The dystrophin-associated protein complex is important for cell structure and cell signalling. It is one of two protein complexes found in the costamere in striated muscle fibres.
Clinical significance
Many forms of muscular dystrophy are associated with disorders of the dystrophin-associated protein complex.
Muscular dystrophy, the result of mutations in the genes that encode for dystrophin and the associated proteins that binds to it can arise in various forms. The most common form is known as Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is usually discovered in early childhood and is most often seen occurring in males. There ar
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minicar
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Minicar or mini car may refer to:
Bond Minicar, a three-wheeler made by Bond Cars Ltd
City car, a European car classification
Kei car, a Japanese car classification
Mini, a popular British small car made from 1959 to 2000
Mini Hatch, a retro-styled supermini produced in 2001 by BMW
Mini 4WD, an AA-powered toy car that used to be popular in Asia
See also
Car (disambiguation)
Small car (disambiguation)
Microcar, a term often used for the smallest size of cars
Minivan, an American car classification
Model car, including children's minicars
Pedal car, including children's car-silhouette quadricycle minicars
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tractor%20bundle
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In conformal geometry, the tractor bundle is a particular vector bundle constructed on a conformal manifold whose fibres form an effective representation of the conformal group (see associated bundle).
The term tractor is a portmanteau of "Tracy Thomas" and "twistor", the bundle having been introduced first by T. Y. Thomas as an alternative formulation of the Cartan conformal connection, and later rediscovered within the formalism of local twistors and generalized to projective connections by Michael Eastwood et al. in
References
Differential geometry
Conformal geometry
Vector bundles
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJBK
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CJBK was a Canadian radio station, broadcasting in London, Ontario, Canada, on the assigned frequency of 1290 kHz. The station is owned by Bell Media, has an antenna system input power of 10,000 watts, as a Class B station. CJBK's studios were located at 1 Communications Road along with sister stations CJBX-FM, CIQM-FM and CFPL-DT while its former transmitter site was located near White Oak Road and Manning Drive south of London. The station last aired a News/Talk/Sports format. It broadcast the Western Ontario Mustangs college football team, served as its flagship station. It also broadcast Toronto Maple Leafs, Ottawa Senators, and Detroit Red Wings games.
As of June 14, 2023, the station has ceased broadcasting.
History
CJBK went on the air January 25, 1967 as CJOE. JOE in the call letters stood for Joe McManus, the founder of the station (under the banner of Middlesex Broadcasters, Ltd.). The station originally featured a Beautiful Music format. Eventually CJOE began to supplement the easy listening music with soft rock and then Top 40 music during the evening hours, but the station remained unprofitable.
In 1972, McManus sold the station to Rick Richardson (two-thirds Baron Communications, Ltd. and one-third Bruce Communications, Ltd.). On September 6, 1972, Richardson took control of CJOE and changed the call letters to CJBK and the format to full-time Top 40 music. Richardson wanted a "CJ" call sign to distinguish the new AM 1290 from its competitors CFPL and CKSL, b
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pendimethalin
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Pendimethalin is an herbicide of the dinitroaniline class used in premergence and postemergence applications to control annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds. It inhibits cell division and cell elongation. Pendimethalin is listed in the K1-group according to the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC) classification and is approved in Europe, North America, South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania for different crops including cereals (wheat, barley, rye, triticale), corn, soybeans, rice, potato, legumes, fruits, vegetables, nuts as well as lawns and ornamental plants.
Use
Pendimethalin protects crops like wheat, corn, soybeans, potatoes, cabbage, peas, carrots, and asparagus. It is used to control annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds which interfere with growth, development, yield and quality of agricultural and horticultural crops by competing on nutrients, water and light.
In areas where weed infestation is particularly high, yield losses can render wheat production economically unviable. In addition to wheat, a large number of crops are grown in Europe that are a relatively small percentage of total agricultural output. Herbicide options are limited for these minor crops, with few effective herbicides available in the vegetable sector. Long-term field studies performed in Germany by governmental research and advisory institutes together with farmers rank Pendimethalin as an efficient herbicide to control blackgrass, regarding to weed control efficacy, cro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avermectin
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The avermectins are a series of drugs and pesticides used to treat parasitic worms and insect pests. They are a group of 16-membered macrocyclic lactone derivatives with potent anthelmintic and insecticidal properties. These naturally occurring compounds are generated as fermentation products by Streptomyces avermitilis, a soil actinomycete. Eight different avermectins were isolated in four pairs of homologue compounds (A1, A2, B1, B2), with a major (a-component) and minor (b-component) component usually in ratios of 80:20 to 90:10. Avermectin B1, a mixture of B1a and B1b, is the drug and pesticide abamectin. Other anthelmintics derived from the avermectins include ivermectin, selamectin, doramectin, eprinomectin.
Half of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to William C. Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura for discovering avermectin, "the derivatives of which have radically lowered the incidence of river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, as well as showing efficacy against an expanding number of other parasitic diseases."
History
In 1978, an actinomycete was isolated at the Kitasato Institute from a soil sample collected at Kawana, Ito City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. Later that year, the isolated actinomycete was sent to Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories for testing. Various carefully controlled broths were fermented using the isolated actinomycete. Early tests indicated that some of the whole, fermented broths were active against Nematospiro
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissl%20body
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In cellular neuroscience, Nissl bodies (also called Nissl granules, Nissl substance or tigroid substance) are discrete granular structures in neurons that consist of rough endoplasmic reticulum, a collection of parallel, membrane-bound cisternae studded with ribosomes on the cytosolic surface of the membranes. Nissl bodies were named after Franz Nissl, a German neuropathologist who invented the staining method bearing his name (Nissl staining). The term "Nissl bodies" generally refers to discrete clumps of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes in nerve cells. Masses of rough endoplasmic reticulum also occur in some non-neuronal cells, where they are referred to as ergastoplasm, basophilic bodies, or chromophilic substance. While these organelles differ in some ways from Nissl bodies in neurons, large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum are generally linked to the copious production of proteins.
Staining
"Nissl stains" refers to various basic dyes that selectively label negatively charged molecules such as DNA and RNA. Because ribosomes are rich in ribosomal RNA, they are strongly basophilic ("base-loving"). The dense accumulation of membrane-bound and free ribosomes in Nissl bodies results in their intense coloration by Nissl stains, allowing them to be seen with a light microscope.
Size and distribution
Nissl bodies occur in the somata and dendrites of neurons, though not in the axon or axon hillock. They vary in size, shape, and intracellular location; they ar
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casein%20kinase
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Casein kinase, a type of kinase enzyme, may refer to:
Casein kinase 1, serine/threonine-selective protein kinase family
Casein kinase 2, a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase
Protein kinases
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil%20series
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Soil series as established by the National Cooperative Soil Survey of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service are a level of classification in the USDA Soil Taxonomy classification system hierarchy. The actual object of classification is the so-called soil individual, or pedon. Soil series consist of pedons that are grouped together because of their similar pedogenesis, soil chemistry, and physical properties. More specifically, each series consists of pedons having soil horizons that are similar in soil color, soil texture, soil structure, soil pH, consistence, mineral and chemical composition, and arrangement in the soil profile. These result in soils which perform similarly for land use purposes.
The soil series concept was originally introduced in 1903. Soil series were originally intended to consist of groups of soils which were thought to be the same in origin but different in texture. Soils were thought to be alike in origin if they were derived from the same kind of rocks or if they were derived in sediments derived from the same kind of rocks and deposited at the same time.
A soil series name generally is derived from a town or landmark in or near the area where the soil series was first recognized. For example, the Haugan Series was first identified near Haugan, Montana. The distribution of a given series is not necessarily restricted to the boundaries of only one county or state—for example, the Hagerstown Series
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O-ring%20boss%20seal
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An o-ring boss seal is a technique for joining two fluid-carrying pipes, hoses, or tubing. In an o-ring boss (abbreviated ORB) system, a male-threaded part is inserted into a female-threaded part, providing a mechanical seal. This system differs from others in that a nut is tightened over an o-ring in a chamfered area, creating a fluid-tight seal.
Application
This system is used frequently in hydraulics, although it has been applied to other systems including compressed air systems and vacuum pumps, such as many Robinair pumps, in which the intake tee has an o-ring boss seal on the bottom. The ORB system can be confused with other connection systems, such as NPT. While threads of different connectors sometimes fit (although often very inexactly), o-ring boss seal system connectors should never be used with any other type of connectors and vice versa, as leaks are likely. Under the high fluid pressures commonly seen in hydraulic systems, a leak or failure of the connection is quite dangerous and could lead to loss of life.
This system has the advantage of being able to be tightened mechanically before being sealed. Most threaded systems, such as NPT, have a seal provided by a taper in the thread, so it is difficult to orient both ends of the hose, pipe or tube so that it is not twisted. In the o-ring boss system, this problem is eliminated because the threads do not seal the connection and therefore can be rotated at least a full revolution before they are sealed whil
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior%20station%20officer
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Senior station officer (SSO) is a rank in some fire services in Australia and New Zealand. It is typically the next rank above a station officer.
Australia
The highest pay classification in the fire service industrial award is "senior station officer". However, not all services use SSO as an operational rank.
Victoria
At most Fire Rescue Victoria (FRV) stations with multiple appliances, an SSO is assigned as the officer-in-charge of the "A" pumper on each shift. SSOs wear a silver helmet, and their insignia is two impellers.
The rank was inherited from the former Metropolitan Fire Brigade, and from former paid staff ranks at the Country Fire Authority.
New Zealand
In career fire stations, an SSO is the officer in charge of a single watch at a station with multiple appliances. They ride as an officer on one appliance, with the other appliances being commanded by station officers.
In a volunteer brigade there is usually only one SSO, and some volunteer brigades have no SSO positions at all. Here the SSO acts as the senior operational officer, to allow the chief fire officer and their deputy to focus on the running of the brigade.
In both career and volunteer situations, an SSO reports to a CFO.
In New Zealand, the senior station officer rank insignia is two impellers. SSOs wear red helmets with two blue stripes (prior to November 2013, they wore yellow helmets with two blue stripes).
References
External links
NZ Fire Service rank markings
Titles
Firefighting in N
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concatemer
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A concatemer is a long continuous DNA molecule that contains multiple copies of the same DNA sequence linked in series. These polymeric molecules are usually copies of an entire genome linked end to end and separated by cos sites (a protein binding nucleotide sequence that occurs once in each copy of the genome). Concatemers are frequently the result of rolling circle replication, and may be seen in the late stage of infection of bacteria by phages. As an example, if the genes in the phage DNA are arranged ABC, then in a concatemer the genes would be ABCABCABCABC and so on (assuming synthesis was initiated between genes C and A). They are further broken by ribozymes.
During active infection, some species of viruses have been shown to replicate their genetic material via the formation of concatemers. In the case of human herpesvirus-6, its entire genome is made over and over on a single strand. These long concatemers are subsequently cleaved between the pac-1 and pac-2 regions by ribozymes when the genome is packaged into individual virions.
Bacteriophage T4 replicating DNA was labeled with tritiated thymidine and examined by autoradiography. The observed DNA replication intermediates included circular and branched circular concatemeric structures that likely arose by rolling circle replication.
When assembling concatemers from synthetic oligonucleotides, increasing salt concentration to 200 mM was found to be a major optimizing factor due to its ability to enhance ionic s
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kininogen
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Kininogens are precursor proteins for kinins, biologically active polypeptides involved in blood coagulation, vasodilation, smooth muscle contraction, inflammatory regulation, and the regulation of the cardiovascular and renal systems.
Types of kininogen
There are two main types of kininogen (KNG), high-molecular-weight-kininogen and low-molecular-weight-kininogen, with a third type – T-kininogen – only found in rats but not humans.
High molecular weight kininogen
High-molecular-weight-kininogen (HK) is a non-enzymatic cofactor involved in the kinin-kallikrein system, which plays a role in blood coagulation, blood pressure regulation, and inflammation. It is synthesized in endothelial cells and is produced mostly by the liver. It is also a precursor protein for bradykinin.
Low molecular weight kininogen
Low-molecular-weight-kininogen (LK) is mainly a precursor protein for kallidin. LK, however, is not actively involved in blood coagulation, but its byproducts can be later converted and introduced to the coagulation pathway.
T-kininogen
T-kininogen (TK) is only found in rats and a protein whose function is still being researched. TK is believed to be a biological indicator of senescence in rats, which can be measured by the level of endothelial cell production during the aging process.
Structure
HK consists of 644 amino acid residues, which are separated into six different domains. Domains 1, 2, and 3 are called the “heavy chain” with Domains 2 and 3 having cysteine
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epoetin%20alfa
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Epoetin alfa is a human erythropoietin produced in cell culture using recombinant DNA technology. Authorised by the European Medicines Agency on 28 August 2007, it stimulates erythropoiesis (increasing red blood cell levels) and is used to treat anemia, commonly associated with chronic kidney failure and cancer chemotherapy.
Epoetin is manufactured and marketed by Amgen under the brand name Epogen. Johnson & Johnson subsidiary Janssen Biotech (formerly Ortho Biotech Products, LP), sells the same drug under the name Procrit, pursuant to a product license agreement. The average cost per patient in the U.S. was $8,447 in 2009. Darbepoetin alfa (rINN) is a glycosylation analog of erythropoietin containing two additional N-linked carbohydrate chains, also manufactured and marketed by Amgen, with a brand name of Aranesp. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warnings and safety precautions for Procrit, Epogen and Aranesp are identical.
For several years, epoetin alfa has accounted for the single greatest drug expenditure paid by the U.S. Medicare system; in 2010, the program paid $2 billion for the drug. Raising hemoglobin levels has been found in some studies to be associated with higher risks of thrombotic events, strokes and death.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Medical uses
Erythropoietin is available as a therapeutic agent produced by recombinant DNA technology in mammalian cell culture. It is used in treating anemia resulting f
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%27-nucleotidase
|
5′-Nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) is an enzyme which catalyzes the phosphorylytic cleavage of 5′-nucleotides. Although originally found in snake venom, the activity of 5'nucleotidase has been described for bacteria and plant cells, and is widely distributed in vertebrate tissue. In mammalian cells the enzyme is predominantly located in the plasma membrane and its primary role is in the conversion of extracellular nucleotides (e.g. 5'-AMP), which are generally impermeable, to the corresponding nucleoside (e.g. adenosine) which can readily enter most cells. Consequently, the enzyme plays a key role in the metabolism of nucleotides.
The enzyme has a wide substrate specificity for nucleotides and has been shown to hydrolyze 5'nucleotides rapidly, ribose-5-phosphate slowly, and other phosphate esters extremely slowly (if at all).
The enzyme catalyses the following reaction:
a 5′-nucleotide + H2O a nucleoside + phosphate
The 5′-nucleotidase-catalyzed reaction of an AMP nucleotide to adenosine nucleoside is shown below:
Nomenclature
Accepted Name: 5′-nucleotidase
Systematic Name: 5′-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase
Synonyms: 'uridine 5′-nucleotidase, 5′-adenylic phosphatase, adenosine 5'-phosphatase, AMP phosphatase, adenosine monophosphatase, 5′-mononucleotidase, AMPase, UMPase, 'snake venom 5'-nucleotidase, thimidine monophosphate nucleotidase, 5′-AMPase, 5′-AMP nucleotidase, AMP phosphohydrolase, IMP 5′-nucleotidase).
Structure
Active site
Studies of the soluble form of huma
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosoniq
|
Prosoniq Products Software was a German software developer of audio and music tools, mostly known for their sonicWORX, OrangeVocoder, TimeFactory and Hartmann Neuron synthesizer products. It also licensed proprietary technologies in the audio/music DSP sector to software manufacturers including Emagic, Steinberg, Digidesign, TwelveTone Systems, Merging, DAVID, AutoDesk/Discreet and others. Headquartered in Karlsruhe, Germany, Prosoniq pioneered the use of artificial neural networks for commercial audio processing.
Company history
Prosoniq was founded in 1990 by Stephan Sprenger (later married as Stephan Bernsee). It began as a privately held company involved in artificial neural network software development for medical applications. Stephan Bernsee, being a music enthusiast and an avid keyboard player, became interested in the application of artificial neural network processing to sound manipulation. He created an automatic audio morphing software for the ATARI 1040ST which was later ported to the Silicon Graphics computers and ultimately to the Apple Macintosh, for which it was sold under the name "sonicWORX" from 1994 to 2004. Distributed by Steinberg and bundled with Sony and Creative Labs hardware, sonicWORX reportedly reached a distribution of over 500,000 copies quickly becoming the most successful product of the company. However, with the PC becoming more popular in the 1990s, and sonicWORX being an Apple Macintosh-only software specifically optimized for Mac OS 9 it
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AP1
|
AP1 or AP-1 may refer to:
Biology
Activator protein 1, dimeric transcription factor
Adaptor protein 1, tetrameric clathrin-associated complex
Transportation
Autopista AP-1, a Spanish motorway
Caproni A.P.1, a 1934 Italian attack aircraft monoplane
USS Henderson (AP-1)
Other uses
Protocol I, or AP 1, a 1977 amendment to the Geneva Conventions
See also
API (disambiguation)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR
|
HLA-DR is an MHC class II cell surface receptor encoded by the human leukocyte antigen complex on chromosome 6 region 6p21.31. The complex of HLA-DR (Human Leukocyte Antigen – DR isotype) and peptide, generally between 9 and 30 amino acids in length, constitutes a ligand for the T-cell receptor (TCR). HLA (human leukocyte antigens) were originally defined as cell surface antigens that mediate graft-versus-host disease. Identification of these antigens has led to greater success and longevity in organ transplant.
Antigens most responsible for graft loss are HLA-DR (first six months), HLA-B (first two years), and HLA-A (long-term survival). Good matching of these antigens between host and donor is most critical for achieving graft survival.
HLA-DR is also involved in several autoimmune conditions, disease susceptibility and disease resistance. It is also closely linked to HLA-DQ and this linkage often makes it difficult to resolve the more causative factor in disease.
HLA-DR molecules are upregulated in response to signalling. In the instance of an infection, the peptide (such as the staphylococcal enterotoxin I peptide) is bound into a DR molecule and presented to a few of a great many T-cell receptors found on T-helper cells. These cells then bind to antigens on the surface of B-cells stimulating B-cell proliferation.
Function
The primary function of HLA-DR is to present peptide antigens, potentially foreign in origin, to the immune system for the purpose of eliciting or
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DRB1
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HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRB1 gene. DRB1 encodes the most prevalent beta subunit of HLA-DR. DRB1 alleles, especially those encoding amino acid sequence changes at positions 11 and 13, are associated risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins to T helper cells. Class II molecules are constitutively expressed in professional antigen-presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages), and could be induced in non-professional APCs.
There is evidence it is associated with reduced severity of COVID-19 disease.
Gene structure and polymorphisms
The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons, exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation.
Gene expression
DRB1 is expressed at a level fiv
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DRA
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HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRA gene. HLA-DRA encodes the alpha subunit of HLA-DR. Unlike the alpha chains of other Human MHC class II molecules, the alpha subunit is practically invariable. However it can pair with, in any individual, the beta chain from 3 different DR beta loci, DRB1, and two of any DRB3, DRB4, or DRB5 alleles. Thus there is the potential that any given individual can form 4 different HLA-DR isoforms (2 alleles of DRB1 and two alleles from DRB3, DRB4 or DRB5).
Function
The polypeptide subunit encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. The class II protein is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRα) and a beta chain (DRβ), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).
Gene structure and polymorphisms
The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5.
Alleles
There are two different HLA-DRA chains in the human population coded by three different DRA
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barco%20Strike%21
|
Barco Strike was a vector-based drawing program targeted at the repro and print shop markets. It was developed by the Graphics division of the Barco Group from 1993 to the late 1990s on both Barco's own proprietary workstations and SGI computers. It was meant both as a replacement for the proprietary Aesthedes systems, and as a companion linework product to the Creator continuous tone software.
Software modules
Like Barco Creator, Strike was set up as a modular system. The base was the "LW-Brix" linework software library (unlimited zoom, unlimited undo/redo, spline data, editable text, transparency etc.).
File formats
Strike could import PostScript data and convert this to the custom Barco format. It was also possible for Strike to use the optional PS-Outline software to output files in Adobe Illustrator format.
Hardware
Strike! ran on the proprietary Barco BG-2000 workstation, as well as the SGI Indigo, Indy and Crimson workstations.
Release history
Availability
Barco Strike was discontinued in the late 1990s, and was not picked up by Purup-Eskofot after it purchased the Graphics division of Barco. Demo versions of both Barco Strike and Creator are available on the SGI Hot Mix 7 promotional CD-ROM.
See also
Barco ColorTone
Barco Creator
Barco Graphics software
Vector graphics editors
IRIX software
Technical communication tools
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Fowler%20Jr.
|
Gene Fowler Jr. (27 May 1917 – 11 May 1998), the eldest son of journalist and author Gene Fowler, was a prominent Hollywood film editor. His work included films of Fritz Lang and Samuel Fuller and movies like Stanley Kramer's It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963), John Cassavetes' A Child Is Waiting (1963) and Hang 'Em High (1968).
He was also the director of feature films as well as numerous television programs. While the majority of his directorial work is regarded as minor efforts (Leonard Maltin lists only three of his seven features in his compendium), two of his films, I Was a Teenage Werewolf (1957) and I Married a Monster from Outer Space (1958), have gained some critical attention in retrospect.
Gene Fowler Jr. was married to film editor Marjorie Fowler from 1944 until his death. He died in the Hollywood Hills, California of natural causes.
His brother Will Fowler (1922–2004) was a Hollywood screenwriter.
Selected filmography
As editor
Tales of Manhattan (1942)
Hangmen Also Die! (1943)
The Woman in the Window (1944)
Philo Vance Returns (1947)
While the City Sleeps (1956)
China Gate (1957)
Run of the Arrow (1957)
A Child Is Waiting (1963)
It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963)
Hang 'Em High (1968)
Molly and Lawless John (1972)
The House on Garibaldi Street (1979) (TV)
Caveman (1981)
Cracking Up (1983)
As director
I Was a Teenage Werewolf (1957)
I Married a Monster from Outer Space (1958)
Gang War (1958)
Showdown at Boot Hill (1958)
The Oregon
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus%20%28protein%29
|
Strabismus was originally identified as a Drosophila protein involved in planar cell polarity. Flies with mutated strabismus genes have altered development of ommatidia in their eyes. Vertebrates have two Strabismus-related proteins, VANGL1 and VANGL2 (an alternate name for the Drosophila "Strabismus" protein is "Van Gogh").
The amino acid sequence and localization studies for Strabismus indicate that it is a membrane protein. Prickle is another protein in the planar cell polarity signaling pathway. Prickle is recruited to the cell surface membrane by strabismus. In cells of the developing Drosophila wing, Prickle and Strabismus are concentrated at the cell surface membrane on the most proximal side of cells.
Vertebrate cell movement
VANGL2 is involved in the migration of groups of cells during vertebrate embryogenesis.
Humans
In humans, mutations in VANGL1 have been associated with neural tube defects including spina bifida, and with some forms of cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma.
References
Cell signaling
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nexperia
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Nexperia is a semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. It is a subsidiary of the partially state-owned Chinese company Wingtech Technology. It has front-end factories in Hamburg, Germany, Greater Manchester, England, and Newport, Wales. It is the former Standard Products business unit of NXP Semiconductors (previously Philips Semiconductors). The company's product range includes bipolar transistors, diodes, ESD protection, TVS diodes, MOSFETs, and logic devices.
History
On June 14, 2016, NXP Semiconductors announced an agreement to divest its Standard Products business to a consortium of Chinese financial investors consisting of Beijing Jianguang Asset Management Co., Ltd ("JAC Capital"), a subsidiary of a Chinese state-owned investment company, and Wise Road Capital LTD ("Wise Road Capital"). Following the official transaction on February 6, 2017, Nexperia became an independent company, and the entire scope of the NXP Standard Products business, including its management team, and approximately 11,000 NXP employees were transferred from NXP to Nexperia.
On October 25, 2018, Nexperia was acquired by Wingtech Technology, a partially state-owned Chinese ODM for smartphone companies for $3.6 billion.
In 2021, the company purchased the Inmos microprocessor factory in Newport, Wales. On 17 November 2022, the British government ordered Nexperia to divest 86% of its ownership interest in the Newport facility for national security reasons. Nexperia su
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazio%E2%80%93Londe%20disease
|
Fazio–Londe disease (FLD), also called progressive bulbar palsy of childhood, is a very rare inherited motor neuron disease of children and young adults and is characterized by progressive paralysis of muscles innervated by cranial nerves. FLD, along with Brown–Vialetto–Van Laere syndrome (BVVL), are the two forms of infantile progressive bulbar palsy, a type of progressive bulbar palsy in children.
Signs and symptoms
FLD produces rapidly progressive weakness of tongue, face and pharyngeal muscles in a clinical pattern similar to myasthenia. Neuromuscular transmission may be abnormal in these muscles because of rapid denervation and immature reinnervation. Paralysis occurs secondary to degeneration of the motor neurons of the brain stem. It causes progressive bulbar paralysis due to involvement of motor neurons of the cranial nerve nuclei. The most frequent symptoms at onset of progressive bulbar paralysis of childhood has been a unilateral facial paralysis. It is followed in frequency by dysarthria due to facial weakness or by dysphagia. Palatal weakness and palpebral ptosis also have been reported in few patients. Both sexes can be affected.
Genetics
Fazio–Londe disease is linked to a genetic mutation in the SLC52A3 gene on chromosome 20 (locus: 20p13). It is allelic and phenotypically similar to Brown–Vialetto–Van Laere syndrome. The condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The gene encodes the intestinal riboflavin transporter (hRFT2).
Diagnosis
Sympto
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20of%20curvature
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In geometry, the center of curvature of a curve is found at a point that is at a distance from the curve equal to the radius of curvature lying on the normal vector. It is the point at infinity if the curvature is zero. The osculating circle to the curve is centered at the centre of curvature. Cauchy defined the center of curvature C as the intersection point of two infinitely close normal lines to the curve. The locus of centers of curvature for each point on the curve comprise the evolute of the curve. This term is generally used in physics regarding the study of lenses and mirrors (see radius of curvature (optics)).
It can also be defined as the spherical distance between the point at which all the rays falling on a lens or mirror either seems to converge to (in the case of convex lenses and concave mirrors) or diverge from (in the case of concave lenses or convex mirrors) and the lens/mirror itself.
See also
Curvature
Differential geometry of curves
References
Bibliography
Curves
Differential geometry
Curvature
Concepts in physics
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20songs%20about%20Oklahoma
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A list of songs about the U.S. state of Oklahoma, Oklahomans and Oklahoma locations.
Songs about Oklahoma
#
"24 Hours From Tulsa" — Gene Pitney; written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, 1963
A
"Ada on My Mind," written and recorded by Jeremy Castle, 2010.
"Ain't Oklahoma Pretty" – written and sung by John Pizzarelli, performed with Bucky Pizzarelli, 2009.
“All Aboard” - Chuck Berry, 1961.
"All Aboard for Oklahoma" – Spade Cooley and Ike Cargill, vocal by Red Egner, 1947.
"All Across Oklahoma" – The Brombies, 2010.
"All the Time in the World" – John Fullbright, 2012.
"Almost to Tulsa" – Buddy Charleton, pedal steel guitarist with Ernest Tubb and the Texas Troubadors. -- Later recorded by Mike Auldridge on Dobro.
"Along the Verdigris" – Tom Paxton, recorded with Iris Dement singing harmony, 1994.
"Anywhere I'm Loving You" – Matt Hillyer and Eleven Hundred Springs, 1999.
B
"The Bad Roads of Oklahoma" — Susan Herndon, 2010.
"Back in Oklahoma" – Written and performed by Jamie Richards, 2004.
"Back in Oklahoma" – Wayde Blair, 2006.
"Back to Oklahoma" – Ned Miller, 1970; written by Alan O'Day.
"Back to Oklahoma" – Michael Fracasso, 1995.
"Back to Oklahoma" – Jim Layeux, 1998.
"Back to Oklahoma" – Donnie Duree, 2009.
"Baja Oklahoma" – written by Willie Nelson and Dan Jenkins for the HBO movie of the same name, 1988. Later recorded with significant variations by Karla Bonoff, 2007.
"Ballad of the Oklahoma Women's Liberation Front" – Beth Elliott, 1976.
"Beim alten Bill in
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holonomic%20function
|
In mathematics, and more specifically in analysis, a holonomic function is a smooth function of several variables that is a solution of a system of linear homogeneous differential equations with polynomial coefficients and satisfies a suitable dimension condition in terms of D-modules theory. More precisely, a holonomic function is an element of a holonomic module of smooth functions. Holonomic functions can also be described as differentiably finite functions, also known as D-finite functions. When a power series in the variables is the Taylor expansion of a holonomic function, the sequence of its coefficients, in one or several indices, is also called holonomic. Holonomic sequences are also called P-recursive sequences: they are defined recursively by multivariate recurrences satisfied by the whole sequence and by suitable specializations of it. The situation simplifies in the univariate case: any univariate sequence that satisfies a linear homogeneous recurrence relation with polynomial coefficients, or equivalently a linear homogeneous difference equation with polynomial coefficients, is holonomic.
Holonomic functions and sequences in one variable
Definitions
Let be a field of characteristic 0 (for example, or ).
A function is called D-finite (or holonomic) if there exist polynomials such that
holds for all x. This can also be written as where
and is the differential operator that maps to . is called an annihilating operator of f (the annihilating opera
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spy%27s%20Demise
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Spy's Demise is an action game written by Alan Zeldin for the Apple II and published by Penguin Software in 1982. It was ported to the Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64, TI-99/4A, and Vector-06c. The game contains a puzzle which at the time of release could be solved for a Spy's Demise T-shirt. According to Antic magazine in June 1984, only four people had solved it. The game was followed by a 1983 sequel, The Spy Strikes Back.
Gameplay
The first level of Spy's Demise consists of twelve floors. The player must cross the series of floors, one at a time, while avoiding seven elevators at varying positions. Being hit by an elevator results in loss of a life. Finishing all floors starts the next level. Floors are gradually removed from level to level making it more difficult for the player to avoid the elevators. Ports of the game had a music loop of renditions of Eastern European classical and folk tunes, including:
Hungarian Dance #5
The Comedians "Gallop"
Katyusha
The Nutcracker "Trepak"
The puzzle consisted of a nine-line cryptogram, one line of which was displayed after completing the corresponding level. It revealed a phone number to call, and a person's name for whom to ask. There is a tenth line in the programming code which is never displayed in the game itself. That tenth line gives a code word that is to be spoken to the person who answers the phone, but it was a trap planted by Penguin Software to foil anyone who tried to solve the puzzle by scanning the p
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyton%20List%20%28actress%2C%20born%201986%29
|
Peyton List (born August 8, 1986) is an American actress known for roles on Mad Men, FlashForward, The Tomorrow People and Frequency. She began her career on daytime television, playing Lucy Montgomery on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns from 2001 to 2005, before she went to primetime with regular roles on the short-lived dramas Windfall (2006) and Big Shots (2007).
From 2008 to 2013, List had a recurring role as Jane Siegel in the AMC period drama Mad Men. In film, she has appeared in The Greatest Game Ever Played (2005), Shuttle (2009) and Meeting Evil (2012). List also starred in the short-lived science fiction dramas FlashForward (ABC, 2009–2010), and The Tomorrow People (The CW, 2013–2014). During the 2016–17 television season, she starred as the lead character in The CW drama series Frequency. In 2018, she had a recurring role in season 3 of the science fiction series Colony. She also starred on a recurring basis as Poison Ivy in the Fox crime drama series Gotham (2018–2019), and voiced the character in the 2019 animated film Batman: Hush.
Early life
List was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to Douglas List and Sherri Anderson, but grew up in Baltimore, Maryland, with her sister Brittany List. She began her education at Cedarcroft pre-school and Calvert School, and then went to the Roland Park Country School in Baltimore. She studied ballet at the School of American Ballet in New York City.
Career
At the age of nine, she began a career as a model. Her first signif
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actibind
|
Actibind is an actin-binding fungal T(2)-RNase protein that is produced by the black mold Aspergillus niger, a microorganism used in biotechnology and food technology. In plants, actibind binds actin, a major component of the cytoskeleton, interfering with the plants' pollen tubes and halting cell growth. Research published in the journal Cancer on 15 May 2006 reports evidence that actibind has antiangiogenic and anticarcinogenic characteristics. In human colon cancer, breast cancer and melanoma, increasing the level of actibind was found to reduce the ability of these cells to form tumorogenic colonies. In animal models, increased actibind inhibited the growth of colon cancer-derived tumors, metastases and blood vessel formation. During the completion of the Human Genome Project, the gene encoding for RNaseT2, the human actibind-like protein, was found on chromosome 6.
Why ACTIBIND?
The reason why ACTIBIND is an enzyme of interest in biochemical laboratories is due to the fact that researchers observed that ACTIBIND inhibits the elongation of pollen tubes by interfering with the intracellular actin network of the plant cell. The specific actin network ACTIBIND inhibits are actin rich pseudopods, which are important for a variety of cellular functions including elongation of plant pollen tubes, motility of mammalian cells, and most importantly cancer cell function. In cancer cells specifically, the actin rich pseudopods help the cancer's invasion and metastasis. Because AC
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMPR2
|
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II or BMPR2 is a serine/threonine receptor kinase encoded by the BMPR2 gene. It binds bone morphogenetic proteins, members of the TGF beta superfamily of ligands, which are involved in paracrine signaling. BMPs are involved in a host of cellular functions including osteogenesis, cell growth and cell differentiation. Signaling in the BMP pathway begins with the binding of a BMP to the type II receptor. This causes the recruitment of a BMP type I receptor, which the type II receptor phosphorylates. The type I receptor phosphorylates an R-SMAD, a transcriptional regulator.
Function
Unlike the TGFβ type II receptor, which has a high affinity for TGF-β1, BMPR2 does not have a high affinity for BMP-2, BMP-7 and BMP-4, unless it is co-expressed with a type I BMP receptor.
On ligand binding, a receptor complex is formed, consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane
serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then
bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. They bind to BMP-7, BMP-2 and, less efficiently, BMP-4. Binding is weak but enhanced by the presence of type I receptors for BMPs. In TGF beta signaling all of the receptors exist in homodimers before ligand binding. In the case of BMP receptors only a small fraction of the receptors exist in homomeric forms before ligand binding. Once a ligand has bound to a receptor, the amount of homomeric receptor o
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulay%20stress
|
The Pulay stress or Pulay forces (named for Peter Pulay) is an error that occurs in the stress tensor (or Jacobian matrix) obtained from self-consistent field calculations (Hartree–Fock or density functional theory) due to the incompleteness of the basis set.
A plane-wave density functional calculation on a crystal with specified lattice vectors will typically include in the basis set all plane waves with energies below the specified energy cutoff. This corresponds to all points on the reciprocal lattice that lie within a sphere whose radius is related to the energy cutoff. Consider what happens when the lattice vectors are varied, resulting in a change in the reciprocal lattice vectors. The points on the reciprocal lattice which represent the basis set will no longer correspond to a sphere, but an ellipsoid. This change in the basis set will result in errors in the calculated ground state energy change.
The Pulay stress is often nearly isotropic, and tends to result in an underestimate of the equilibrium volume. Pulay stress can be reduced by increasing the energy cutoff. Another way to mitigate the effect of Pulay stress on the equilibrium cell shape is to calculate the energy at different lattice vectors with a fixed energy cutoff.
Similarly, the error occurs in any calculation where the basis set explicitly depends on the position of atomic nuclei (which are to change during the geometry optimization). In this case, the Hellmann–Feynman theorem – which is used to avoi
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martinotti%20cell
|
Martinotti cells are small multipolar neurons with short branching dendrites. They are scattered throughout various layers of the cerebral cortex, sending their axons up to the cortical layer I where they form axonal arborization. The arbors transgress multiple columns in layer VI and make contacts with the distal tuft dendrites of pyramidal cells.
Martinotti cells express somatostatin and sometimes calbindin, but not parvalbumin or vasoactive intestinal peptide. Furthermore, Martinotti cells in layer V have been shown to express the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α2 subunit (Chrna2).
Martinotti cells are associated with a cortical dampening mechanism. When the pyramidal neuron, which is the most common type of neuron in the cortex, starts getting overexcited, Martinotti cells start sending inhibitory signals to the surrounding neurons.
Historically, the discovery of Martinotti cells has been mistakenly attributed to Giovanni Martinotti 1888, although it is now accepted that they were actually discovered in 1889 by Carlo Martinotti (1859–1908), a student of Camillo Golgi.
External links
News, press releases
Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity - on the discovery of potential dampening influence of Martinotti cells.
NIF Search - Martinotti Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework
See also
List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
References
Neurons
Cell biology
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U48
|
U48 may refer to:
, various vessels
Great icosicosidodecahedron
Neumann U 48, a microphone
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD48
U-48-class submarine, of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
Uppland Runic Inscription 48
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankyrin%20repeat
|
The ankyrin repeat is a 33-residue motif in proteins consisting of two alpha helices separated by loops, first discovered in signaling proteins in yeast Cdc10 and Drosophila Notch. Domains consisting of ankyrin tandem repeats mediate protein–protein interactions and are among the most common structural motifs in known proteins. They appear in bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic proteins, but are far more common in eukaryotes. Ankyrin repeat proteins, though absent in most viruses, are common among poxviruses. Most proteins that contain the motif have four to six repeats, although its namesake ankyrin contains 24, and the largest known number of repeats is 34, predicted in a protein expressed by Giardia lamblia.
Ankyrin repeats typically fold together to form a single, linear solenoid structure called ankyrin repeat domains. These domains are one of the most common protein–protein interaction platforms in nature. They occur in a large number of functionally diverse proteins, mainly from eukaryotes. The few known examples from prokaryotes and viruses may be the result of horizontal gene transfers. The repeat has been found in proteins of diverse function such as transcriptional initiators, cell cycle regulators, cytoskeletal, ion transporters, and signal transducers. The ankyrin fold appears to be defined by its structure rather than its function, since there is no specific sequence or structure that is universally recognised by it.
Considering the atomic structures of indivi
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