added
stringdate 2024-06-03 18:26:11
2024-06-04 03:14:13
| created
stringdate 2013-04-29 18:49:42
2014-01-03 01:38:26
| id
stringlengths 32
32
| metadata
dict | source
stringclasses 2
values | text
stringlengths 237
356k
| version
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:39:11.000Z
|
fzt4jjcrvnkjjqkxfkmvrnkjeinxjnla
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34317",
"uncompressed_offset": 337362208,
"url": "www.crummy.com/2011/07/09",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/2011/07/09"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
<D <M <Y
Y> M> D>
Month of Kickstarter: Birthday Backlog Blowout: It's time for another TRIPLE EDITION of Month of Kickstarter. On my birthday I'm backing three projects specifically recommended by friends.
1. My cousin Camilla recommended "WWJD", a film of a play, being produced by a friend of hers.
WWJD is a feature film following a college student named Tom and his three roommates over the course of one memorable day when they receive a visit from an unexpected houseguest--Jesus. He washes their dishes and goes skateboarding and miniature golfing with them--but for some reason, Tom, the only believer in the house, can't see him.
In other nepotism news, Camilla has an Etsy shop where she sells jewelry and reproduction medieval clothing. Check it out!
2. Pat said I should back "The Power of the Crystals", "NYC's premiere motivational seminar/rock opera". Sumana, who I just showed it to, agrees! So... I backed the project.
3. Also from Pat, it's "Raiding Parties", "a card game that takes place in the Golden Age." The Golden Age of what, you ask? The answer is PIRATES.
Non-bonus bonus!: Here are a couple projects I backed prior to beginning Month of Kickstarter, which I'm worried aren't going to make it, so I'm publicising them here.
1. "Chocolate! Handmade from bean to bar", which only has about a day to go.
We are a small bean to bar chocolate making company that believes chocolate making is not only a craft, but also an art. We plan to draw from a pool of artists on a rotating basis to design custom packaging featuring their artwork. In addition, we will collaborate with artists who will create unique molds that will allow us to make one of a kind edible sculptures.
We're talking chocolate Space Invaders here.
2. "Project Gado: An Open-Source Photo Digitization Robot", which scans old photos quickly without damaging them.
The Gado 1 is in operation at the archives of the Baltimore Afro American Newspaper, where it has already scanned nearly 1000 historical images. The paper has a collection of over 1.5 million images spanning 115 years, though, so there's still a long way to go!
[Main]
Unless otherwise noted, all content licensed by Leonard Richardson
under a Creative Commons License.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:39:01.000Z
|
yg6xgxmulnvwge4vei2c45v3xauqvwgw
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34318",
"uncompressed_offset": 337366204,
"url": "www.crummy.com/photos/2008/Roy%20Richardson",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/photos/2008/Roy%20Richardson's%20Computer%20Buttons/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Roy Richardson's Computer Buttons
My father collected things. He collected coins and stamps. A nonsmoker, he collected matchbooks. He collected cans and bottles of root beer, without emptying them. He collected postcards, hundreds of them. When he died in 1992, I inherited the collections. There wasn't much else.
I don't know what happened to the matchbooks. I emptied out the root beer containers when I was sixteen. I've got the postcards, I've even had them scanned, but I'm paralyzed by how many of them there are. But there's something else my father collected, seemingly by accident: buttons from computer trade shows. I've had these buttons for a long time, to the extent that they feel like an important part of my childhood, these wearable ads for obscure IBM mainframe software packages.
I've got about twenty of these buttons, plus namebadges and other miscellaneous historical things-with-pins. All the computer buttons could have been acquired at a single Los Angeles event in 1982, but there's also a namebadge from 1978, and my father went to these trade shows pretty regularly, so who knows? They provide a glimpse into another software industry, dominated by mainframes and unafraid to put cheap sexual innuendoes on promotional material. I hope you enjoy.
This document (source) is part of Crummy, the webspace of Leonard Richardson (contact information). It was last modified on Thursday, December 24 2009, 03:25:00 Nowhere Standard Time and last built on Saturday, May 18 2013, 07:00:08 Nowhere Standard Time.
Crummy is © 1996-2013 Leonard Richardson. Unless otherwise noted, all text licensed under a Creative Commons License.
Document tree:
http://www.crummy.com/
photos/
2008/
Roy Richardson's Computer Buttons/
Site Search:
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:02:00.000Z
|
y7ul3lgct7jlp3anbyup6fms75rqogra
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34320",
"uncompressed_offset": 366410897,
"url": "www.eea.europa.eu/ga/publications/latest/mail_password_form",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.eea.europa.eu/ga/publications/latest/mail_password_form?userid="
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Personal tools
next
previous
items
Skip to content. | Skip to navigation
Sound and independent information
on the environment
You are here: Home / Ghníomhaireacht Chomhshaoil Eorpach / Publications
Lost Password
For security reasons, we store your password encrypted, and cannot mail it to you. If you would like to reset your password, fill out the form below and we will send you an email at the address you gave when you registered to start the process of resetting your password.
To reset your password visit Reset Eionet account password page.
European Environment Agency (EEA)
Kongens Nytorv 6
1050 Copenhagen K
Denmark
Phone: +45 3336 7100
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:36:46.000Z
|
qvlltxh3wkm477nsxrt64okoaieqxxga
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34323",
"uncompressed_offset": 377686176,
"url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?days=7&target=Cherokee_Reservation%2C_North_Carolina&title=Special%3ARecentChangesLinked",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Special:RecentChangesLinked&days=7&target=Cherokee_Reservation%2C_North_Carolina"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Changes related to "Cherokee Reservation, North Carolina"
From FamilySearch Wiki
This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold.
Recent changes options Show last 50 | 100 | 250 | 500 changes in last 1 | 3 | 7 | 14 | 30 days
Hide minor edits | Show bots | Hide anonymous users | Hide logged-in users | Hide my edits
Show new changes starting from 08:36, 18 May 2013
Page name:
No changes on linked pages during the given period.
New to the Research Wiki?
In the FamilySearch Research Wiki, you can learn how to do genealogical research or share your knowledge with others.
Learn More
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:52:32.000Z
|
gtkr4utymnvula6m2c5g2xjks3mq6kbn
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34324",
"uncompressed_offset": 377719346,
"url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?target=User+talk%3AGwallerct55&title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere&target=User+talk%3AGwallerct55"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Pages that link to "User talk:Gwallerct55"
From FamilySearch Wiki
What links here
Filters Hide transclusions | Hide links | Hide redirects
No pages link to User talk:Gwallerct55.
New to the Research Wiki?
In the FamilySearch Research Wiki, you can learn how to do genealogical research or share your knowledge with others.
Learn More
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:46:45.000Z
|
a7tw7z3veujnpb6iu7ny45rz4sz54bvd
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34334",
"uncompressed_offset": 407330298,
"url": "www.go4expert.com/forums/mfc-data-loosing-help-t26588/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.go4expert.com/forums/mfc-data-loosing-help-t26588/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
MFC Data loosing: help please
Newbie Member
30Aug2011,07:57 #1
I am developing a application in MFC in which i have a mainframe with class CChildview and a dialog class (called AddDeleteNode) Now i call this dialog via a button called Add/Delete Node On the main frame and then there is a edit box in my dialog class with Add button next to it and i type sum numbers(numerical value) in it and click Add for which i gets the value from edit box in string and converts it into double and then exports this value back to childview class via this
CChildView Exportvar;
Exportvar.AddNodeTo(dGetWt);
now the problem is when it goes back to childview class all the other data which i read at beginning of the program and stored in member variables in childview.h is lost and showing garbage value .. i dont know whats happening please help..!!
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:03:27.000Z
|
dn5ecqjs57vbpegoze3s32jogpp47bu4
|
{
"content_type": "application/xhtml+xml",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34336",
"uncompressed_offset": 423544361,
"url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/417017/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/417017/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents
International Journal of Endocrinology
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 417017, 8 pages
doi:10.1155/2012/417017
Research Article
Preventive Treatment with Methylprednisolone Paradoxically Exacerbates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
1Institute for Multiple Sclerosis Research, University of Göttingen and Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung, Waldweg 33, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
2Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
3Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University of Göttingen Medical School, Humboldtallee 34, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
4Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Medical School, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 49a, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
Received 14 August 2012; Revised 22 October 2012; Accepted 2 November 2012
Academic Editor: Andrew Chan
Copyright © 2012 Simone Wüst et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) represent the standard treatment for acute disease bouts in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, for which methylprednisolone (MP) pulse therapy is the most frequently used protocol. Here, we compared the efficacy of therapeutic and preventive MP application in -induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57Bl/6 mice. When administered briefly after the onset of the disease, MP efficiently ameliorated EAE in a dose-dependent manner. Surprisingly, MP administration around the time of immunization was contraindicated as it even increased leukocyte infiltration into the CNS and worsened the disease symptoms. Our analyses suggest that in the latter case an incomplete depletion of peripheral T cells by MP triggers homeostatic proliferation, which presumably results in an enhanced priming of autoreactive T cells and causes an aggravated disease course. Thus, the timing and selection of a particular GC derivative require careful consideration in MS therapy.
1. Introduction
MP is extensively used for the treatment of acute relapses in MS patients in the clinic [1]. In most cases, the drug is well tolerated when applied at a high dose of up to 2 g/day for a short period of time [2, 3]. However, a slightly higher risk of serious infections was recently reported [4]. Other side effects include metabolic changes, hepatotoxicity, osteoporosis, hypertension, edema, and psychological changes, although these complications are rare and predominantly observed after prolonged application [5, 6].
EAE is a widely employed animal model of MS and often used for the investigation of its pathomechanism as well as for studies concerning drug development [7]. In C57Bl/6 mice, immunization with leads to a chronic disease course, characterized by fulminant inflammation, demyelinating lesions, and subsequent axonal damage [8, 9]. Previously, we have used this model to demonstrate that dexamethasone (Dex) efficiently reduced the clinical symptoms of EAE when given either in a preventive or therapeutic setting [10]. This beneficial effect was accompanied by reduced lymphocyte infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS), induction of apoptosis of peripheral lymphocytes, and reduced T-cell migration to the spinal cord [10]. Additionally, production of proinflammatory cytokines by lymphocytes was reduced after administration of a dissociated GC [11], an effect that was also observed after MP therapy of EAE [12]. Importantly, we had found that MP was less efficient in ameliorating EAE compared to Dex or other fluorinated GC derivatives [13]. Therefore, we here investigated in more detail the characteristics of MP, the most widely used GC derivative in the treatment of MS. We confirmed its clinical efficacy in a therapeutic setting, but it surprisingly enhanced the disease course when administered around the time of immunization. The latter observation was corroborated by histological analyses and could be associated with the induction of homeostatic T-cell proliferation which enhances T-cell priming. Thus, our results indicate that the correct timing of GC therapy might be important.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Mice
C57Bl/6 mice used for EAE induction were purchased from Harlan (Borchen, Germany). Mice constitutively expressing red fluorescence protein (RFP) in all organs including cells of the immune system have been described elsewhere [14]. All animal experiments were approved by the responsible authorities in Lower Saxony (LAVES).
2.2. Protocols for EAE Induction and Treatment
EAE was induced as previously described [10]. Briefly, mice were immunized with 50 μg peptide in CFA and 400 ng pertussis toxin. Animals were weighed and scored daily for clinical signs of disease on a scale from 0 to 10 depending on severity; scores were as followed: 0 = normal; 1 = reduced tone of tail; 2 = limp tail, impaired righting; 3 = absent righting; 4 = gait ataxia; 5 = mild paraparesis of hindlimbs; 6 = moderate paraparesis; 7 = severe paraparesis or paraplegia; 8 = tetraparesis; 9 = moribund; 10 = death.
Mice were treated three times on consecutive days i.p. with methylprednisolone-21-hydrogensuccinat (MP; Urbason solubile, Sanofi-Aventis) at different doses (ranging from 100 mg/kg to 0.8 mg/kg). In the preventive setting, MP administration was started one day before immunization and in the therapeutic setting once the mice had reached an average score of 2-3. Control mice were injected with equal volumes of PBS.
2.3. Histological Analysis by Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry was performed as described previously [10]. Briefly, mice were perfused with PFA, and paraffin-embedded spinal cord sections were stained with an anti-human CD3 (1 : 200; Serotec, Düsseldorf, Germany) or an anti-mouse Mac-3 antibody (1 : 200; BD, Heidelberg, Germany). This was followed by incubation with a secondary biotinylated rabbit anti-rat antibody (1 : 200; Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) and visualization with a peroxidase-based ABC detection system (Dako, Hamburg, Germany). To determine the degree to which the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was disrupted, the sections were incubated with a sheep anti-albumin antibody (1 : 300; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) that was detected by a biotinylated rabbit anti-sheep antibody (1 : 300; Southern Biotech, Birmingham, USA).
2.4. Flow Cytometry
All antibodies and reagents were obtained from BD Biosciences unless otherwise indicated: anti-CD3ε (145-2C11), anti-CD4 (RM4-5), anti-CD8α (53-6.7), anti-CD11a/LFA-1 (2D7), anti-CD25 (7D4), and anti-FoxP3 (FJK-16s, eBioscience). The antibodies were directly labeled with FITC, PE, PerCP, PE-Cy7, Cy5, APC, or APC-Cy7. Stainings were performed as previously described [10] and analyzed using a FACSCanto II or FACS Aria SORP device (BD Biosciences) in combination with FlowJo software.
2.5. CFSE Labeling and Transfer
T cells isolated from the spleens of C57Bl/6 mice constitutively expressing RFP were purified using a Pan-T-cell isolation kit (STEMCELL Technologies, Grenoble, France) and labeled with CFSE as previously described [15]. cells were adoptively transferred i.v. into C57Bl/6 mice that had been treated three times with 100 mg/kg MP, 100 mg/kg Dex, or PBS as a control and in which EAE had been induced on the second day of drug administration. Ten days later, spleen and lymph node cells from the recipient mice were analyzed by flow cytometry.
2.6. Statistical Analysis
Analysis was routinely performed by Mann-Whitney and the unpaired -test (Microsoft Excel and Graph Pad Prism Version 4). Data are depicted as the mean ± SEM; was considered as nonsignificant (n.s.); *, **. To determine differences referring to the disease course, the whole curves rather than individual time points were compared between experimental groups. Strictly speaking, statistical analysis was performed from the day after the first treatment until the end of the observation period.
3. Results
We had previously reported that Dex ameliorates EAE in a dose-dependent manner when applied after the appearance of the first disease symptoms [10] and that it has a superior efficacy compared to an equimolar dose of MP [13]. Nevertheless, MP rather than Dex is the most widely used GC in the treatment of MS patients. Hence, we further investigated the effects of MP using the -induced EAE model in C57Bl/6 mice. When administered to mice with established EAE, the therapeutic efficiency of MP declined in a dose-dependent manner but still had a positive influence on the disease severity even at the lowest dose of 0.8 mg/kg (Figure 1(a)).
Figure 1: MP ameliorates EAE when applied in a therapeutic setting but aggravates it in a preventive setting. (a) EAE was induced in C57Bl/6 mice by immunization with and treated with different doses of MP for three consecutive days starting at an average score of 2-3 (marked by arrows). for each group. All values are depicted as mean ± SEM; error bars for the two intermediate dose groups are omitted for reasons of clarity. Statistical analysis: days 10–27 after immunization (*, **). (b) In a preventive setting, 100 mg/kg MP was administered to C57Bl/6 mice on days −1, 0, and +1 of immunization (marked by arrows). for each group. All values are depicted as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis: days 7–20.
Dex administration around the time of immunization delays the onset of EAE and strongly diminishes the clinical symptoms [10]. Surprisingly, a similar treatment with 100 mg/kg MP starting on day −1 for three consecutive days had no beneficial effect on EAE and even aggravated the disease (Figure 1(b)). This unexpected finding was confirmed by histological analysis at day 12, revealing comparable numbers of infiltrating T cells and macrophages in the CNS of control mice as well as mice treated with 100 mg/kg MP (Figure 2). Moreover, the BBB was disrupted to a similar degree in both experimental groups (Figure 2). This is in strong contrast to the treatment of EAE with Dex, which almost completely prevents the manifestation of histopathological features of the disease (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Immunohistochemical analysis of EAE following preventive GC administration. Immunohistochemical stainings are depicted for infiltrating T cells (left), macrophages/monocytes (middle), and albumin as marker of blood-brain-barrier integrity (right) in the lumbar spinal cord of one representative mouse of each treatment group (top: 100 mg/kg MP, middle: control, bottom: 100 mg/kg Dex) sacrificed on day 12. Magnification = 200x.
In search of possible explanations for the observed discrepancy between the effects of preventive Dex and MP treatment, we injected mice on three consecutive days with 100 mg/kg Dex or MP followed by flow cytometric analysis of the peripheral T cells. While Dex induced a rapid and almost complete depletion of T cells in spleens and lymph nodes within three days, the effect of MP was much less pronounced (Figure 3(a)). The observed effect was long lasting, since absolute T-cell numbers in spleen (Figure 3(b)) and lymph nodes (data not shown) returned to normal levels on day 12 after preventive MP treatment, whereas they remained significantly diminished after Dex therapy. Dex also reduced the surface expression of the cell adhesion molecule LFA-1 by about half, whereas MP had no significant effect on LFA-1 expression (Figure 3(c)). Neither of the two drugs significantly affected the percentage of regulatory T cells (Figure 3(d)), ruling out the possibility that their preferential elimination by MP was responsible for the exaggerated disease course.
Figure 3: Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral T cells after preventive administration of GCs. (a) C57Bl/6 mice were treated three times with 100 mg/kg MP or Dex. Leukocytes were isolated from the spleens 24 hrs after the first, second, or third injection, stained for CD4 and CD3, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (24 hrs/48 hrs), (72 hrs). Statistical analysis for day 3 was performed using the unpaired -test (**). (b) C57Bl/6 mice were treated three times at days −1, 0, and 1 with 100 mg/kg MP, 100 mg/kg Dex, or PBS as a control. At day 0, they were immunized with according to the standard protocol. 12 days after immunization, leukocytes were isolated from the spleens, and absolute T-cell numbers were calculated based on flow cytometric analysis after staining for CD4 and CD8. . Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired -test (**). (c) The relative expression level of LFA-1 was determined after three injections of MP or Dex in splenic T cells using the same mice as in (A). The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) 24 hrs after the last injection is depicted; for each group. All values are depicted as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired -test (**). (d) The percentage of FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25+ splenic T cells amongst all CD4+ T cells was determined 24 hrs after the last injection by flow cytometry; for each group. All values are depicted as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired -test.
Preventive Dex administration impairs the priming of -specific T cells by efficiently deleting peripheral T cells via induction of apoptosis [10]. In contrast, MP treatment had a less potent proapoptotic activity than Dex (Figure 3(a)), which could be expected to foster homeostatic T-cell proliferation after cessation of the treatment. To test this hypothesis, mice were treated with GCs or PBS on three consecutive days starting one day before immunization. CFSE-labeled naïve T cells, which were purified from RFP-expressing mice to allow their tracking, were transferred on the day after the last injection of GCs. Flow cytometric analysis 10 days later revealed that the T cells had indeed started to proliferate in MP-treated mice, an effect which was significantly less pronounced in control mice (Figures 4(a) and 4(b)). This observation suggests that MP given in a preventive manner stimulates the immune response through augmenting homeostatic proliferation, thereby leading to the expansion of autoreactive T cells and thus eventually aggravating EAE. Preventive treatment of the mice with Dex resulted in an even more vigorous proliferation of the transferred T cells (Figures 4(a) and 4(b)).
Figure 4: Homeostatic proliferation of transferred T cells after MP administration. C57Bl/6 mice were immunized with peptide and treated with 100 mg/kg MP, 100 mg/kg Dex, or PBS as a control on days −1, 0, and 1. One day after the last treatment, 1 × 107 purified CFSE-labeled T cells from RFP expressing mice were adoptively transferred, and ten days later, spleens and lymph nodes were analyzed by flow cytometry. (a) Representative histograms of lymph node total RFP+ T cells from PBS-(left), MP-(middle) or Dex-(right) treated mice are shown. (b) A quantification of the percentages of proliferating transferred T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes is depicted. for each group. Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired -test (**, ***).
4. Discussion
High-dose MP pulse therapy is widely used in the clinic to treat inflammatory conditions including autoimmune diseases. In MS, this regimen is still the measure of choice in the clinical management of acute relapses [1]. Furthermore, MP pulse therapy is given to prevent relapses in the postpartum period [16] and after cessation of natalizumab treatment [17]. In some clinical trials, MP therapy is also combined with classical immunomodulators [18, 19]. Given this widespread clinical importance of MP in MS therapy, we investigated its characteristics in more detail using the MOG-induced EAE model. Despite being less potent than Dex [13], we found that MP exerts a clear therapeutic effect in this model across a large range of dosages when applied after the onset of the disease. We and others have demonstrated that the potency of MP in the treatment of EAE can be further enhanced by encapsulating the drug into liposomes [13, 20, 21]. In a recent report, MP had been shown to reverse MOG-induced EAE in C57Bl/6 mice completely [22]. However, the dosage, route of delivery (orally versus i.p.), and time of application in the aforementioned work significantly differed from our protocol which might account for the observed discrepancy in the degree of disease suppression. In another study, MP had been therapeutically applied to Wistar rats in which EAE was induced by immunization with guinea pig spinal cord homogenate. In this case, MP also suppressed the disease which, however, could not be further potentiated by using dosages equivalent to the one we used here [23]. In contrast, if applied at lower doses, MP also exerted a dose-dependent effect in another rat EAE model [24].
Our previous studies had shown that Dex administered around the time of immunization significantly delays the onset of EAE and reduces its severity [10]. We now surprisingly found that the clinically more relevant MP, although also effective in the treatment of an established disease, worsened EAE when applied in a preventive setting. One explanation for this unexpected finding would be a different effect of Dex from MP on regulatory T cells, which are known to affect the strength of autoimmune diseases [25, 26]. Nonetheless, in our setting, we did not observe any effect of either of the two drugs on the percentage of these cells. We rather found that Dex is much more potent in reducing peripheral T-cell numbers in comparison to MP. While Dex almost completely deleted the T lymphocytes within three days, about half of them remained unaffected after MP administration. We had previously found that preventive Dex therapy resulted in delayed disease onset and reduced severity [10] and hypothesized that this beneficial effect of Dex in the preventive setting is a consequence of its potent proapoptotic activity ensuring a dramatic reduction in the precursor frequency of antigen-specific T cells reaching a level at which priming is severely impaired. Although both preventive Dex and MP therapy evoked homeostatic T-cell proliferation, the numbers of T cells after Dex application were decreased to such low numbers that priming of antigen-specific T cells could no longer occur efficiently. In contrast, preventive MP treatment only mildly reduced the number of peripheral T cells, thus leaving enough precursor cells in order for priming to take place. This notion is further underscored by our finding that 12 days after immunization absolute T-cell numbers were still significantly reduced in the spleen and lymph nodes in the case of preventive Dex treatment, whereas they had returned to normal levels after preventive MP treatment. Therefore, under conditions where T cells are mildly depleted for a limited period of time as is achieved by preventive MP therapy, T-cell priming is augmented rather than abolished since the homeostatic proliferation leads to the expansion of antigen-specific precursor cells. An alternative explanation for the aggravation of EAE after preventive MP treatment could potentially be unwanted side effects due to the ultrahigh MP dose used in these experiments. This, however, seems rather unlikely since the same ultrahigh dose resulted in amelioration of the disease when applied in a therapeutic setting [13], and also a lower dose of MP did not protect the mice from getting EAE in the preventive setting (data not shown). Even though our basic observation was already described for a rat model of EAE induced by immunization with spinal cord homogenate [27], there was no explanation for this finding, and our analyses now add new insight into the underlying mechanisms of this unexpected phenomenon.
It is reported that stress is a risk factor in multiple sclerosis and triggers acute relapses (for review, see [28]). Furthermore, it is known that stress enhances the release of hormones and neurotransmitters including corticosteroids [29]. Thus, it can be speculated that this higher level of endogenous corticosteroids in response to stress could also impact on the immune system by an enhanced apoptosis induction of peripheral lymphocytes, resulting in homeostatic proliferation and thereby activation of self-reactive T cells.
In summary, we believe that the feature of MP described in this paper might have implications for its therapeutic success in the clinic and should be followed up in translational settings and in the current clinical practice.
Conflict of Interests
The authors have no conflict of financial interests.
Authors’ Contribution
H. M. Reichardt and F. Lühder shared senior authorship.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Alexandra Bohl, Martina Weig, and Regine Kruse for technical assistance. They are grateful to H. Luche and H. J. Fehling, University Clinics Ulm, Germany, for the generous gift of RFP-expressing mice. This work was supported by Grants from the Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung (1.01.1/06/010) and the DFG (LU 634/8-1; SFB-TRR 43; TP B11 and B13).
References
1. N. M. Milligan, R. Newcombe, and D. A. S. Compston, “A double-blind controlled trial of high dose methylprednisolone in patients with multiple sclerosis: 1. Clinical effects,” Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 511–516, 1987. View at Scopus
2. R. L. Oliveri, P. Valentino, C. Russo et al., “Randomized trial comparing two different high doses of methylprednisolone in MS: a clinical and MRI study,” Neurology, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 1833–1836, 1998. View at Scopus
3. B. Fierro, G. Salemi, F. Brighina et al., “A transcranial magnetic stimulation study evaluating methylprednisolone treatment in multiple sclerosis,” Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, vol. 105, no. 3, pp. 152–157, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
4. G. Franchin and B. Diamond, “Pulse steroids: how much is enough?” Autoimmunity Reviews, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 111–113, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
5. C. Pozzilli, F. Marinelli, S. Romano, and F. Bagnato, “Corticosteroids treatment,” Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 223, no. 1, pp. 47–51, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
6. D. Huscher, K. Thiele, E. Gromnica-Ihle et al., “Dose-related patterns of glucocorticoid-induced side effects,” Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 1119–1124, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
7. L. Steinman and S. S. Zamvil, “How to successfully apply animal studies in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis to research on multiple sclerosis,” Annals of Neurology, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 12–21, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
8. R. Gold, C. Linington, and H. Lassmann, “Understanding pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis via animal models: 70 years of merits and culprits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis research,” Brain, vol. 129, no. 8, pp. 1953–1971, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
9. H. Lassmann, “Axonal and neuronal pathology in multiple sclerosis: what have we learnt from animal models,” Experimental Neurology, vol. 225, no. 1, pp. 2–8, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
10. S. Wüst, J. Van Den Brandt, D. Tischner et al., “Peripheral T cells are the therapeutic targets of glucocorticoids in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 180, no. 12, pp. 8434–8443, 2008. View at Scopus
11. S. Wüst, D. Tischner, M. John et al., “Therapeutic and adverse effects of a non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor ligand in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis,” PLoS ONE, vol. 4, no. 12, Article ID e8202, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
12. Ž. Miljković, M. Momčilović, D. Miljković, and M. Mostarica-Stojković, “Methylprednisolone inhibits IFN-γ and IL-17 expression and production by cells infiltrating central nervous system in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” Journal of Neuroinflammation, vol. 6, article 37, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
13. N. Schweingruber, A. Haine, K. Tiede et al., “Liposomal encapsulation of glucocorticoids alters their mode of action in the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” The Journal of Immunology, vol. 187, pp. 4310–4318, 2011.
14. H. Luche, O. Weber, T. N. Rao, C. Blum, and H. J. Fehling, “Faithful activation of an extra-bright red fluorescent protein in “knock-in” cre-reporter mice ideally suited for lineage tracing studies,” European Journal of Immunology, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 43–53, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
15. F. Lühder, C. Chambers, J. P. Allison, C. Benoist, and D. Mathis, “Pinpointing when T cell costimulatory receptor CTLA-4 must be engaged to dampen diabetogenic T cells,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 97, no. 22, pp. 12204–12209, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
16. J. de Seze, M. Chapelotte, S. Delalande, D. Ferriby, T. Stojkovic, and P. Vermersch, “Intravenous corticosteroids in the postpartum period for reduction of acute exacerbations in multiple sclerosis,” Multiple Sclerosis, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 596–597, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
17. M. J. Magraner, F. Coret, A. Navarré et al., “Pulsed steroids followed by glatiramer acetate to prevent inflammatory activity after cessation of natalizumab therapy: a prospective, 6-month observational study,” Journal of Neurology, vol. 258, no. 10, pp. 1805–1811, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
18. G. Edan, G. Comi, E. Le Page, E. Leray, M. A. Rocca, and M. Filippi, “Mitoxantrone prior to interferon beta-1b in aggressive relapsing multiple sclerosis: a 3-year randomised trial,” Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, vol. 82, pp. 1344–1350, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
19. E. J. Fox, H. C. Sullivan, S. K. Gazda et al., “A single-arm, open-label study of alemtuzumab in treatment-refractory patients with multiple sclerosis,” European Journal of Neurology, vol. 19, pp. 307–311, 2012.
20. J. Schmidt, J. M. Metselaar, M. H. M. Wauben, K. V. Toyka, G. Storm, and R. Gold, “Drug targeting by long-circulating liposomal glucocorticosteroids increases therapeutic efficacy in a model of multiple sclerosis,” Brain, vol. 126, no. 8, pp. 1895–1904, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
21. R. A. Linker, C. Weller, F. Lühder et al., “Liposomal glucocorticosteroids in treatment of chronic autoimmune demyelination: long-term protective effects and enhanced efficacy of methylprednisolone formulations,” Experimental Neurology, vol. 211, no. 2, pp. 397–406, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
22. J. Chan, E. J. Ban, K. H. Chun et al., “Methylprednisolone induces reversible clinical and pathological remission and loss of lymphocyte reactivity to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” Autoimmunity, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 405–413, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
23. Z. S. Wei, M. F. Hong, Q. X. Su et al., “Super-high-dose methylprednisolone does not improve efficacy or induce glucocorticoid resistance in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis,” NeuroImmunomodulation, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 28–36, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
24. J. Schmidt, R. Gold, L. Schönrock, U. K. Zettl, H. P. Hartung, and K. V. Toyka, “T-cell apoptosis in situ in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis following methylprednisolone pulse therapy,” Brain, vol. 123, no. 7, pp. 1431–1441, 2000. View at Scopus
25. G. De Camargo Furtado, D. Olivares-Villagómez, M. A. Curotto De Lafaille, A. K. Wensky, J. A. Latkowski, and J. J. Lafaille, “Regulatory T cells in spontaneous autoimmune encephalomyelitis,” Immunological Reviews, vol. 182, pp. 122–134, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
26. R. A. O'Connor and S. M. Anderton, “Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the control of experimental CNS autoimmune disease,” Journal of Neuroimmunology, vol. 193, no. 1-2, pp. 1–11, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
27. I. Steiner, T. Brenner, R. Mizrachi-Kol, and O. Abramsky, “Development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis during steroid administration. Outcome of neurological immune-mediated disorders under immunosuppressive therapy,” Israel Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 365–368, 1991. View at Scopus
28. A. K. Artemiadis, M. C. Anagnostouli, and E. C. Alexopoulos, “Stress as a risk factor for multiple sclerosis onset or relapse: a systematic review,” Neuroepidemiology, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 109–120, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
29. E. R. De Kloet, M. Joëls, and F. Holsboer, “Stress and the brain: from adaptation to disease,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 463–475, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:40:47.000Z
|
yjya2lcppuu6662yfhtxdyvcovqtfo7n
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34337",
"uncompressed_offset": 438115663,
"url": "www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/society-and-history?page=1",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/thesaurus/society-and-history?page=1"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Pollution levels rose alarmingly in the river Ganges in Allahabad on the first day of the Kumbh Mela festival, according to a study by the state pollution control board.
According to ASER, there has been a 10% increase in private school enrolments over the last three years
Private schools in India attracted a large chunk of students in the 6-14 age group, according to the Annual Status of Education Report 2012 (ASER) by Pratham. However, the quality of education is on the wane in both private and government schools, the report noted.
The survey, which covered 16,000 schools across the country, found private enrolments rose from 18.7 per cent in 2006 to 28.3 per cent in 2012.
With more than half of all children in standard five at least three grade levels behind where they should be, the standards of learning continue to deteriorate in the country, thanks to the Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) system, mass recruitment of teachers and the high-level curriculum in the early stages of school education.
The Annual Status of Education Report (ASER 2012) by NGO Pratham shows that the number of class five students who could not read a class two level text or solve a simple arithmetic problem has increased. In 2010, this number stood at 46.3%, 51.8% in 2011 and 53.2% in 2012.
NEW DELHI: With learning levels in the country dipping to an all-time low it is states like Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand where the least number of children can read, while those in Chha
Every time people lose faith in the political establishment, urban middle classes embrace fascism and the poor take up arms against the state
The last image of 2012 is that of protesters storming central Delhi, outraged at the brutal rape of a young girl and the culture of violence against women. This outburst by the educated middle class, many of them young women, was spontaneous as much as it was leaderless. But as we move into the next year, we need to think about the government’s response to this protest and other demonstrations. We need to understand if the Indian state has any clue about what is going on under its nose — and feet.
Inclusiveness, especially in education, rang out as a cause close to the hearts of the jury at the awards. And their selection of Pratham USA as the winner in the category of International Contribution to India seemed to confirm this.
Through the three-hour deliberations, issues of inclusiveness kept cropping up with probing questions about the kind of interventions being made, the extent and scope of work being done, and the model's scalability. But when it came to the International Contribution category, the jury lost no time in choosing its favourite.
The National Institute of Open Schooling was an instant choice. The sheer scale of operations — NIOS gave 5 lakh out-of-school students the chance to get an education in 2011-12 — ensured its selection as a winner in the government category. If NIOS was about scale, Sarvodaya Kanya Vidyalaya No.2 of Zeenat Mahal won admiration for the determination with which its turnaround was achieved. Facing shutdown at one point, this Urdu-medium school became one of the top performing government schools in Delhi.
There was unanimity among the jury that NIOS and the Sarvodaya school deserved a joint award — if one was a shining example of macro intervention, the other showed what can be achieved with micro-level efforts.
ITANAGAR, Sept 24 – Unusual landslides have threatened the existence of the world famous Tawang Monastery in Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh, bordering China.
Going ahead with its ambitious 'Clean India' campaign, the Tourism Ministry has roped in oil PSU ONGC to keep six major tourist sites, including Taj Mahal and Konark Temple clean and environment-fr
Environmentalists say project will affect monuments; move high court
Hyderabad, August 19
Pages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:28:28.000Z
|
euu7r4qpzygkj7brksmw2ufyqrdjmrmt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34339",
"uncompressed_offset": 443348683,
"url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?5931"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Bibliography: Sword-Maker
You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed.
Title: Sword-Maker
Author: Jennifer Roberson
Year: 1989
Type: NOVEL
Series: Tiger and Del
Series Number: 3
ISFDB Record Number: 5931
User Rating: This title has fewer than 5 votes. VOTE
Current Tags: fantasy (2), strong female characters (2), sword and sorcery (1) Add Tags
Publications:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:32:57.000Z
|
ch6d3tmdm2nloly4oamdnvyurvvvmp2d
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34350",
"uncompressed_offset": 484518679,
"url": "www.mariowiki.com/Hootenanny",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.mariowiki.com/Hootenanny"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Hootenanny
From the Super Mario Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
The title of this article is conjectural; an official name for the article's subject has not been found, so it has been given a fitting title by editors. If an official name appears, it is requested that the article will be moved to the correct name.
Hootenanny
Hootenanny is a Wiggler in Mario Party 2. She appears in Western Land where she runs a milk shop. When a character passes by her shop, they will have the option to give her 20 Coins to start a Hootenanny. If the Player accepts her offer, then all the other characters come to the Milk shop area for a Hootenanny, which brings everyone to the character.
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:35:26.000Z
|
vqsbgjl2763vl5ccmohomghqvjdh6r3e
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34359",
"uncompressed_offset": 528890376,
"url": "www.ohloh.net/p/leveldb/contributors/2369003029124207",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.ohloh.net/p/leveldb/contributors/2369003029124207"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Low Activity
Contributors : gabor@google.com
Analyzed 1 day ago based on code collected 1 day ago.
Activity on leveldb by gabor@google.com
All-time Commits: 40
12-Month Commits: 0
30-Day Commits: 0
Overall Kudo Rank:
First Commit: 21-Mar-2011
Last Commit: 05-Oct-2011
Names in SCM: gabor@google.com
Commit history:
Recent Kudos...
... for leveldb given by:
There are no kudos for this contributor at this time.
Do you know this contributor?
Ohloh computes statistics about contributors by analyzing their commits on all FOSS projects. We would like to be able to attribute this work to the right person, so if you know the contributor, please help out:
Are you this developer?
Add this position to your profile!
Know this developer?
Send him or her an invite to join Ohloh.
Project Commits
Approximately one year of commit activity shown
Project Languages
Language Aggregate Coding Time Total Commits Total Lines Changed Comment Ratio
C++ 5m 30 10,428 11.5%
Make 5m 13 267 12.3%
HTML 3m 16 1,240 0.0%
shell script 3m 7 111 -
C 2m 4 822 11.3%
All Languages 6m 40 12,868 10.6%
Copyright © 2013 Black Duck Software, Inc. and its contributors, Some Rights Reserved. Unless otherwise marked, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License . Ohloh ® and the Ohloh logo are trademarks of Black Duck Software, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:50:20.000Z
|
2bep5l5ajoix5eb44co72bir3cmqw3vk
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34371",
"uncompressed_offset": 542099915,
"url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0018%3Atext%3Dcomm%3Acommline%3D1707",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0018%3Atext%3Dcomm%3Acommline%3D1707"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
εὐσκίαστον: cp. on 406. Pind. P. 11. 21Ἀχέροντος ἀκτὰν παρ᾽ εὔσκιον.
πένθοςἄκλαυτον: lit. “"he did not leave behind him a mourning unhonoured by tears,"”—i.e. he is duly mourned by weeping friends, as the spirits of the dead desired. Solon fr. 21 “μηδέ μοι ἄκλαυτος θάνατος μόλοι, ἀλλὰ φίλοισιν
ποιήσαιμι θανὼν ἄλγεα καὶ στοναχάς
”.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License.
An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system.
hide References (1 total)
• Commentary references from this page (1):
• Pindar, Pythian, 11
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar:
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:44.000Z
|
336dz6foi4f6qv7uhln6zcwdcpv26esn
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34372",
"uncompressed_offset": 542172778,
"url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng1%3A7.41",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.41"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
41. The Syracusians, having fought in this manner with the utmost of their strength, in the end gat the victory; and the Athenians, between the [two] ships, escaped into their harbour. [2] The Syracusian galleys chased them as far as to those ships; but the dolphins hanging from the masts over the entrance of the harbour forbade them to follow any further. [3] Yet there were two galleys, which upon a jollity after victory approached them, but both were lost, of which one with her men and all was taken. [4] The Syracusians, after they had sunk seven galleys of the Athenians and torn many more, and of the men had taken some alive and killed others, retired, and for both the battles erected trophies, and had already an assured hope of being far superior by sea, and also made account to subdue the army by land. And they prepared to assault them again in both kinds.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License.
An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system.
load focus Notes (E.C. Marchant)
load focus Notes (Charles F. Smith)
load focus Greek (1942)
load focus English (1910)
load focus English (Benjamin Jowett, 1881)
hide References (18 total)
• Commentary references to this page (9):
• E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 3, 3.23
• E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.28
• E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.38
• E.C. Marchant, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 7, 7.46
• C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER C
• C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 4, CHAPTER XIV
• C.E. Graves, Commentary on Thucydides: Book 5, 5.26
• Charles D. Morris, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.51
• Charles D. Morris, Commentary on Thucydides Book 1, 1.64
• Cross-references to this page (2):
• Cross-references in notes to this page (1):
• Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Thuc. 7.71
• Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page (6):
hideData/Identifiers
Citation URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng1:7.41
Document URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng1
hide Display Preferences
Greek Display:
Arabic Display:
View by Default:
Browse Bar:
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:02:35.000Z
|
yf6n7uipu32m6547zdasckayfs3l6b55
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34390",
"uncompressed_offset": 672296464,
"url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Family:Anthony_Annable_and_Jane_Momford_%281%29",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Family:Anthony_Annable_and_Jane_Momford_(1)"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Family:Anthony Annable and Jane Moumford (2)
Facts and Events
Marriage[1] 26 Apr 1619 Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, EnglandAll Saints
Children
BirthDeath
1.
2.
3.
est 1630
4.
5.
References
1. Anthony Annable, in Anderson, Robert Charles. The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England, 1620-1633. (Boston: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1995), I:47-48.
(Anthony Annable married) (1) All Saints, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, 26 April 1619 Jane Moumford [NEHGR 65:380]. … "Goodman Aniball and his wife" were #4 and #5 among the founding members of the Scituate church on 8 January 1634/5 (Rev. John Lothrop's church) [NEHGR 9:279]; they may well have been members of the Plymouth church earlier. They stayed with Lathrop and his church when it moved to Barnstable.
2. Stratton, Eugene Aubrey. Plymouth Colony, its history & people 1620 - 1691. (Salt Lake City, Utah: Ancestry Pub., c1986).
The Anne and The Little James (1623)
The Anne and the Little James left England together, and arrived a week or so apart in Plymouth. Most of the passengers were probably on the Anne, as the Little James was smaller and carried mostly cargo.
Sailed: May(?) 1623 from an unspecified port in England under William Peirce (Master Anne), Emanuel Althan (Captain Little James), and John Bridges (Master Little James).
Arrived: 10 July 1623 (the Anne) and about 10 days later (the Little James) at Plymouth, Massachusetts
Previous Vessel: Weston's ships (Swan, Charity, Sparrow) (1622)
Next Vessel: Jonathan (1623)
Passengers:
~60 (Full List)
Families of earlier immigrants: Patience and Fear Brewster - Elizabeth (Walker) Warren and daughters - Hester (Mathieu) Cooke and her children - Bridget (Lee) Fuller - Margaret Hicks and her children - Wife and daughter of William Hilton - Frances Palmer - Joshua Pratt - Barbara Standish
Other Passengers: Anthony Annable (and family) - Edward Bangs - Robert Bartlett - Mary Bucket - William Bridges - Thomas Clark - Christopher Conant - Anthony Dix - John Faunce - George Morton (and family) - Godbert Godbertson (and family) - Timothy Hatherly - Edward Holman - John Jenney (and family) - Manasseh Kempton - Experience Mitchell - George Morton (and family) - Ellen Newton - Oldham, John, his wife and sister - Christian Penn - Abraham Pierce - Nicholas Snow - Alice (Carpenter) Southworth - Francis Sprague - Stephen Tracy, wife, and daughter - Ralph Wallen
Resources: Primary Sources: Bradford's History of Plymouth Plantation - Mourt's Relation - Pilgrim Hall (wills and other contemporary documents)
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:29:24.000Z
|
otfy3bo2ircgemfbhlazaqesbixpinna
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34391",
"uncompressed_offset": 672324454,
"url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Chapmanville%2C_Logan%2C_West_Virginia%2C_United_States",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Chapmanville%2C_Logan%2C_West_Virginia%2C_United_States"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Place:Chapmanville, Logan, West Virginia, United States
Watchers
NameChapmanville
TypeTown
Coordinates37.972°N 82.02°W
Located inLogan, West Virginia, United States
source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Chapmanville is a town in Logan County, West Virginia, in the United States. The population was 1,256 at the 2010 census. Chapmanville was founded in 1800 and named for an early settler named Ned Chapman, who owned a store and ran the post office. It was incorporated in 1947.
Research Tips
This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Chapmanville, West Virginia. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:23.000Z
|
njnm3bujyzykxf4uyr7ojer7wror7wfm
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34392",
"uncompressed_offset": 672330653,
"url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Moriches,_Suffolk,_New_York,_United_States",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:25:23.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:d14122cc-b5ef-48c2-b81b-5879a2ea17a3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Moriches,_Suffolk,_New_York,_United_States"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Place:Moriches, Suffolk, New York, United States
Watchers
NameMoriches
TypeCensus-designated place
Coordinates40.803°N 72.822°W
Located inSuffolk, New York, United States
source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names
the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia
Moriches is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 2,838 at the 2010 census.
Moriches is served by the William Floyd School District.
The name "Moriches" comes from Meritces, a Native American who owned land on Moriches Neck.
One of the community's most famous businesses/landmarks was the Jurgielewicz Duck Farm founded in 1919 on the edge of the Forge River. At its peak the farm located on the edge of the Montauk Branch of the Long Island Rail Road claimed to be America's largest free-range duck operation, raising 1 million Pekin ducks a year. In 2011 it declared bankruptcy, and it closed in August 2011.
Research Tips
This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Moriches, New York. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:34:05.000Z
|
b36nv5sh7ppfg4jre6u2twudwrlect77
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34399",
"uncompressed_offset": 2860648,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/ED82E03B08BCFD91CA2572E3007B2836",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/ED82E03B08BCFD91CA2572E3007B2836?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
4914.0.55.001 - Newsletter: Age Matters, Dec 2002
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 15/01/2003
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
Contents
Welcome
National Ageing Statistics Unit
Household Wealth Through the Lifecycle
Ageing Statistics program and publications
Where can you find us?
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:19:24.000Z
|
xtbhugf7ibhrp2dpwh3awx2osj4empjd
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34400",
"uncompressed_offset": 2867664,
"url": "abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CaSHome.nsf/Home/CaSMa12.1%2BThe%2BGolden%2BRatio",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CaSHome.nsf/Home/CaSMa12.1+The+Golden+Ratio"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
CensusAtSchool
CensusAtSchool Australia
CensusAtSchool home page > Maths - C@S Projects
CaSMa12.1 - The Golden Ratio
You can download this activity, the teacher solutions and the assessment rubric as a rich text file (RTF) at the bottom of the page. Download our printer friendly Prepared Samples as Excel files or access data using the Random Sampler.
1. Subject Area
Mathematics
2. Suggested Level
Year 7
3. Overview
In this lesson students investigate the relationship between height and bellybutton height. It builds on ICT techniques shown in Video no. 6 in the Professional Support Materials of the C@S pages.
4. Requirements
• Computer with internet connection
• Spreadsheet software
• Calculator
• Pens and paper
• Student Worksheet
5. Instructions
Where will I put my bellybutton?
Background
Mae and Mikey have made some gingerbread people of different sizes. They have some icing left over and want to use it to give each a belly button. They want to place it accurately onto the body in relation to the overall height of each gingerbread person.
Task One: Your estimation
1. Imagine each of the rectangles below is a person’s height. Help Mae and Mikey by showing with a cross the height of the belly button for each of the four shapes below:
2. Compared to the height, how would you describe the bellybutton height? How do you know?
3. Does this change as a person's height changes or does it stay the same? Explain.
4. If half is 0.5, estimate the decimal that is the closest to the belly button height you have shown compared to the height?
5. And in reverse, how many times greater is a person's height than their bellybutton height?
6. Use the grid lines to find the bellybutton height of each shape.
SHAPE
Height
Bellybutton Height
Decimal (H ÷ BB Height)
1
6
2
3
3
4
4
2
7. In the 4th column under the heading "Decimal (H ÷ BB Height)", calculate how many times greater the height is than the bellybutton height for each of the shapes.
8. In the space below, calculate the mean of your decimals to find your estimate of the height of the belly button compared to a person's height. Show all your working.
Task Two: The video
To complete this investigation you are going to use real data to find the height of a person's bellybutton compared to their height.
9. Watch Video no. 6 from the ‘CensusAtSchool Classroom Activities and Support Materials’ then ‘Professional support materials’ pages or follow the link below.
NB. We are interested in the second presenter.
http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CaShome.nsf/Home/Professional+Development+Videos+Entry+Page
In this video Ian Wong, the presenter, asks whether the relationship between bellybutton height and height conforms to the Golden Ratio. Ian then uses features of Excel to help him organise the data to investigate whether it is true or not. He starts by asking: “Can you estimate a person’s height from their bellybutton height?” and,“The first step is to establish if a relationship exists between height and bellybutton height. If a relationship does exist we can estimate a person’s height if we know their bellybutton height.”
For this activity you will complete a similar investigation using data from the CensusAtSchool questionnaire.
Note: the version of Excel used is Excel 2003. The functions in the version of Excel you use may be in different locations but you will still be able to perform the same operations. The locations of the features used are shown below in the HELP section.
Task Three: Real data investigation
10. Download your own data sample using the CensusAtSchool random sampler. You will need to make decisions about the sample size, year level and sex of the student in your sample. You may even want to compare two different samples in your investigation.
11. Copy and paste Height and Bellybutton data into a new Excel worksheet. If you want to compare boys with girls or different year levels you will need to copy sex or year level as well.
12. Using the techniques outlined in Video no. 6 see if you agree that the height is approximately 1.6 times the bellybutton height.
13. Write a report clearly stating the steps you followed. Include any reasons for decisions you made. Include a conclusion, a copy of your data and any calculations.
14. In your report, list the Excel functions you used to complete this investigation. Put an asterisk next to the ones you used for the first time.
Excel 2010 help
The version of Excel used in the video is Excel 2003. If you are using Excel 2010, the same features can be found by using the following:
To delete a row of data: select data then Home>Cells>Delete>Delete Sheet Rows
To find the mean ratio: calculate height/bellybutton ratio in column C, then choose a display cell and type =average (C2: C last cell) or Home>Editing>> Average
Conditional formatting: go to Home>Styles>Conditional Formatting>Highlight Cell Rules>Between
Downloads
Student Worksheet
Teacher Solutions
Assessment Rubric
To provide any feedback regarding this activity, please contact ABS Education Services on 1800 623 273 or email education@abs.gov.au.
Back to activities list for Maths - C@S Projects
© Commonwealth of Australia 2008
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:52:05.000Z
|
kjwuimoj6cpjmn62fqckrl3iyomlgmzt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34405",
"uncompressed_offset": 8655432,
"url": "answers.onstartups.com/questions/9139/how-can-i-get-list-of-businesses-in-a-city",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://answers.onstartups.com/questions/9139/how-can-i-get-list-of-businesses-in-a-city"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Tell me more ×
Answers OnStartups is a question and answer site for entrepreneurs looking to start or run a new business. It's 100% free, no registration required.
I am working on a product for a specific type of business, let's say dentists for example. If I want to get a list of dentists in my city, how do I do that? Is there any gov site that gives such info, for free or fee?
share|improve this question
6 Answers
Yelp, Google Maps, and the Yellow Pages are probably your best bet.
Is there something each of these don't offer that you're looking for?
share|improve this answer
Try infoUSA. They'll let you download business info based on the criteria you need.
share|improve this answer
Your best bet is purchase a list instead of trying to screen scrape information. Database prices do vary wildly.
You can use the following search criteria in Google to find what your looking for.
Example:
dentist database list|directory purchase
california dentist database list|directory purchase
golf course database list|directory purchase
share|improve this answer
Reference USA is the database I have used in the past. The St. Paul Minnesota public library has it available for use on their website (you have to access it off of their link otherwise you will not be logged in). Below is a link where you can access it. When I use the database, I search with for a NAICS code in a geographic area. However the advanced search allows you to search via multiple criteria. The end result is a list of business with tons of info on each business. You can export this list to a spreadsheet or just use the info off of the website.
The North American Industry Classification System or NAICS (pronounced "nakes"[1]) is used by business and government to classify business establishments according to type of economic activity (process of production). A website to search for the code for your industry can be found below.
Please let me know if you have any questions about it. If you find a library near you with a subscription to the database, a librarian could help you to find what you are looking for.
Reference USA access http://alpha.stpaul.lib.mn.us/screens/dbsubj.html
NAICS code lookup http://www.naics.com/search.htm
share|improve this answer
If you're hitting a smaller number of businesses or don't mind a more manual process you could use Yelp. Its a manual process but does have the information you need.
share|improve this answer
When I was in college, and looking for a list of businesses to apply to, they had this large blue book called the "Illinois Services Directory" at the local library. It listed every local service business by industry, or by city, and had information including CEO, # of employees, and a good deal of other useful information. Other states may offer this as well.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer
discard
By posting your answer, you agree to the privacy policy and terms of service.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:52:07.000Z
|
zn7j76hto34sgap3mphcxw3zuqtyvxt5
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34437",
"uncompressed_offset": 45498271,
"url": "cnx.org/content/browse_content/keyword/E/eXe",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://cnx.org/content/browse_content/keyword/E/eXe"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
You are here: Home » Content
The content in Connexions comes in two formats: modules, which are like small "knowledge chunks," and collections, groups of modules structured into books or course notes, or for other uses. Our open license allows for free use and reuse of all our content.
Search for Content
Browse Content
2. Refine
Keywords
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Other
E
My Account
Repository
Total Collections: 1316
Total Modules: 21754
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:39:30.000Z
|
cgrub5ypcqttcrhkof6km37mhujokawe
|
{
"content_type": "application/xhtml+xml",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34438",
"uncompressed_offset": 45539575,
"url": "cnx.org/content/m20838/latest/content_info",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://cnx.org/content/m20838/latest/content_info"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Connexions
Sections
You are here: Home » Content » Faseverandering in materie
About: Faseverandering in materie
Module by: Siyavula Uploaders. E-mail the author
View the content: Faseverandering in materie
Metadata
Name: Faseverandering in materie
ID: m20838
Language: English (en)
Subject: Science and Technology
License: Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 3.0
Authors: Siyavula Uploaders (support@siyavula.org.za)
Copyright Holders: Siyavula Uploaders (support@siyavula.org.za)
Maintainers: Siyavula Uploaders (support@siyavula.org.za)
Latest version: 1.1 (history)
First publication date: Mar 23, 2009 11:31 pm -0500
Last revision to module: Mar 23, 2009 11:38 pm -0500
Downloads
PDF: m20838_1.1.pdf PDF file, for viewing content offline and printing. Learn more.
EPUB: m20838_1.1.epub Electronic publication file, for viewing in handheld devices. Learn more.
XML: m20838_1.1.cnxml XML that defines the structure and contents of the module, minus any included media files. Can be reimported in the editing interface. Learn more.
Source Export ZIP: m20838_1.1.zip ZIP containing the module XML plus any included media files. Can be reimported in the editing interface. Learn more.
Version History
Version: 1.1 Mar 23, 2009 11:38 pm -0500 by Siyavula Uploaders
Changes:
layout
How to Reuse and Attribute This Content
If you derive a copy of this content using a Connexions account and publish your version, proper attribution of the original work will be automatically done for you.
If you reuse this work elsewhere, in order to comply with the attribution requirements of the license (CC-BY 3.0), you must include
• the authors' names: Siyavula Uploader
• the title of the work: Faseverandering in materie
• the Connexions URL where the work can be found: http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/
See the citation section below for examples you can copy.
How to Cite and Attribute This Content
The following citation styles comply with the attribution requirements for the license (CC-BY 3.0) of this work:
American Chemical Society (ACS) Style Guide:
Uploader, S. Faseverandering in materie, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/, Mar 23, 2009.
American Medical Assocation (AMA) Manual of Style:
Uploader S. Faseverandering in materie [Connexions Web site]. March 23, 2009. Available at: http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/.
American Psychological Assocation (APA) Publication Manual:
Uploader, S. (2009, March 23). Faseverandering in materie. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/
Chicago Manual of Style (Bibliography):
Uploader, Siyavula. "Faseverandering in materie." Connexions. March 23, 2009. http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/.
Chicago Manual of Style (Note):
Siyavula Uploader, "Faseverandering in materie," Connexions, March 23, 2009, http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/.
Chicago Manual of Style (Reference, in Author-Date style):
Uploader, S. 2009. Faseverandering in materie. Connexions, March 23, 2009. http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/.
Modern Languages Association (MLA) Style Manual:
Uploader, Siyavula. Faseverandering in materie. Connexions. 23 Mar. 2009 <http://cnx.org/content/m20838/1.1/>.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:23:23.000Z
|
hdq7a3knzjewrvpx2bwejylm3ina5tku
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34452",
"uncompressed_offset": 71751568,
"url": "elinux.org/index.php?diff=74738&oldid=74726&title=ELCE_Europe_2011_Presentations",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=ELCE_Europe_2011_Presentations&diff=74738&oldid=74726"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Difference between revisions of "ELCE Europe 2011 Presentations"
From eLinux.org
Jump to: navigation, search
(Presenters)
(Presenters)
Line 135: Line 135:
| [[Media:elce11_kobayashi.pdf|PDF]]
| [[Media:elce11_kobayashi.pdf|PDF]]
|-
|-
| Thomas Petazzaoni (Free Electrons)
+
| Thomas Petazzoni (Free Electrons)
| Using Buildroot for a Real Project
| Using Buildroot for a Real Project
| [[Media:Using-buildroot-real-project.pdf|PDF]]
| [[Media:Using-buildroot-real-project.pdf|PDF]]
Revision as of 21:07, 1 November 2011
Presenters, Demo-ers, Participants: Thanks very much for your participation in Linux Foundation's Embedded Linux Conference Europe 2011.
This page is for collecting the presentations that were made at the conference. During and after the conference we will collect materials from the presenters and place them here. Please watch this page if you are interested in a particular presentation - and if it doesn't show up, please send me and email and we'll try to track it down.
Contents
Videos
Instructions
Presenters: Please post your technical conference presentations on this page. (See Instructions below the tables)
Table of Presentations
NOTE: If you add a wikilink to your presentation and attempt to upload it via the link, it may fail. If it does, use the Special:Upload page to upload your file.
Keynotes
Keynotes
Presenter(s) Session Description Presentation
Jim Zemlin, Executive Director of The Linux Foundation Imagine a World Without Linux
Linus Torvalds, Alan Cox, Thomas Gleixner, Paul McKenney Kernel Developer Panel No presentation.
Antti Aumo, President of Global Solutions at Ixonos Re-Defining the Cloud Phone
Dirk Hohndel, Chief Linux and Open Source Technologist at Intel Reflection on 20 Years of Linux
Jonathan Corbet, Editor at LWN The Kernel Report: 20th Anniversary Edition
Wim Coekaerts, Senior Vice President, Linux and Vistualization Engineering at Oracle Engineered Systems With Linux
Matt Jones, Vice President, GENIVI Alliance & Technical Lead - Next Generation Infotainment, Jaguar Land Rover Linux for In Car Infotainment
Presenters
Presentations
Presenter(s) Session Description Presentation
Day 1, 10:45am
Zach Pfeffer (Linaro) Linaro's Android Platform
Bruce Ashfield (WindRiver) A View From the Trenches: Techniques and Methods For Maintaining Multi-Arch Embedded Kernel
Jessica Zhang (Intel) The Yocto Project Eclipse PlugIn: An Effective IDE Environment for both Embedded Application and System Developers
Day 1, 11:45am
Satoru Ueda (Sony/Japan OSS Promotion Forum) Contributing to the Community? Does your manager support you?
Benjamin Zores (Alcatel-Lucent) Embedded Linux Optimization Techniques: How Not To Be Slow PDF
Ohad Ben-Cohen (Texas Instruments/Wizery) Asymmetric Multiprocessing using VirtIO (was: "Remote Processor Messaging") PDF
Day 1, 2:00pm
Jeff Osier-Mixon (Intel) Collaborative Initiatives in Embedded Linux
Karim Yaghmour (Opersys, Inc.) Leveraging Android's Linux Heritage
Pierre Tardy (Intel) Using pytimechart For Real World Analysis PDF
Day 1, 3:00pm
Arnd Bergmann (Linaro) Optimizations for Cheap Flash Media
Vitaly Wool (Sony Ericsson) Saving Power With Wi-Fi: How to Prolong Your Battery Life and Still Stay Connected ODP
David Stewart (Intel) Developing Embedded Linux Devices Using the Yocto Project and What's New in 1.1 PDF
Day 1, 4:15pm
Tetsuyuki Kobayashi (Kyoto Micro Computer) Android is NOT Just "Java On Linux" PDF
Thomas Petazzoni (Free Electrons) Using Buildroot for a Real Project PDF
Rajesh Lal (Nokia) Qt Quick: The Most Advanced UI Technology for Mobile Talk was canceled
Day 1, 5:15pm
Tim Bird (Sony) Status of Embedded Linux BoFs Status-of-Embedded-Linux-2011-10-ELCE.pdf
Lauro Ramos Venancio (Instituto Nokia de Technologia) & Samuel Ortiz (Intel) The Linux NFC Subsystem PDF
David Anders (Texas Instruments) Board BringUp: LCD and Display Interfaces PDF ODP
Day 2, 10:15am
Grant Likely (Secret Lab) Device Tree Status Report
Laurent Pinchart (Ideas on Board) Success Story of the Open Source Camera Stack: The Nokia N9 Case PDF
Avinash Mahadeva & Vishwanth Sripathy (Texas Instruments) SOC Power Management - Debugging and Optimization Techniques
Tia Cassett (Qualcomm) & Mike Chalupa (BSquare) Android Development with the Snapdragon Processor
Day 2, 11:15am
Rafael J. Wysocki (Faculty of Physics, U. Warsaw/SUSE Labs) Power Management Using PM Domains on SH7372 PDF
Sascha Hauer (pengutronix e.K.) A Generic Clock Framework in the Kernel: Why We Need It & Why Wee Still Don't Have It
Ruud Derwig (Synopsys) Android Platform Optimizations
Tia Cassett & David Brown (Qualcomm) Kernel Development Using the Dragonboard with the Snapdragon Processor
Day 2, 3:00pm
Inki Dae (Samsung Electronics) DRM Driver Development For Embedded Systems PDF
Lorenzo Pieralisi (ARM Ltd.) Consolidating Linux Power Management on ARM Multiprocessor Systems PDF
Thomas Petazzoni (Free Electrons) Using Qt For Non-Graphical Applications PDF
David Anders (Texas Instruments) PandaBoard Workshop: Booting the PandaBoard
Day 2, 4:00pm
Marek Szyprowski & Kyungmin Park (Samsung) ARM DMA-Mapping Framework Redesign and IOMMU Integration PDF
Keerthy Jagadeesh & Vishwanath Sripathy (Texas Instruments) Thermal Framework for ARM based SOCs
Marc Titinger (ST Microelectronics) Efficient JTAG-Based Linux Kernel Debugging PDF
David Anders (Texas Instruments) PandaBoard Workshop: PandaBoard Expansion I/O
Day 2, 5:00pm
Tsugikazu Shibata (NEC & Linux Foundation Board Member) Toward the Long Term Stable Kernel Tree for The Embedded Industry
Lisko Lappalainen (MontaVista Software) Secure Virtualization in Automotive
Jeff Osier-Mixon (Intel) Yocto Project Community BoFs
Luca Coelho (Texas Instruments) PandaBoard Workshop: WLAN Kernel Hacking with PandaBoard
Day 3, 10:15am
Andrea Gallo (ST-Ericsson) ARM Linux Kernel Alignment & Benefits for Snowball PDF
Liam Girdwood & Peter Ujfalusi (Texas Instruments) Smart Audio: Next-Generation A SoC For Smart Phones
Pawel Moll (ARM Ltd) Linux on Non-Existing SoCs
Day 3, 11:15am
Koen Kooi (The Angstrom Distribution) Integrating Systemd: Booting Userspace in Less Than 1 Second PDF
Sylvain Leroy & Philippe Thierry Grsecurity in Embedded Linux Used in Android PDF
MyungJoo Ham (Samsung)) Charger Manager: Aggregating Chargers, Fuel Gauges and Batteries PDF
Day 3, 2:30pm
Frank Rowand (Sony) How Linux PREEMPT_RT Works PDF
Catalin Marinas (ARM Ltd.) Linux Support For the Large Physical Address Extensions PDF
Jim Huang (0xlab) Build Community Android Distribution and Ensure the Quality
Day 3, 3:45pm
Till Jaeger (JBB Rechtsanwalte) The Case AVM v. Cybits: The GPL and Embedded Systems
Darren Hart (Intel) Tuning Linux For Embedded Systems: When Less Is More PDF
Wolfram Sang (Pengutronix e.K.) Developer's Diary: It's About Time
Workshops
Workshops
Presenter(s) Session Description Presentation
Chris Simmonds, Freelance Embedded Linux Consultant Workshop 1: Outside the Box: An Introduction to Embedded Linux and Hardware Interfacing Using the Snowball Board tar.gz
Karim J. Yaghmour Workshop 2: Embedded Android Workshop
Instructions for Presenters
Please create a link in the table for your presentation, copying the style of other links. (You may need to create an account in order to edit the wiki or upload files.)
When you have created the link, click on it to upload the file containing your slides.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:41:42.000Z
|
oikvpkutmegbzao5wal5robuo7cbs7u6
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34453",
"uncompressed_offset": 71774088,
"url": "elinux.org/index.php?oldid=145106&title=RPi_Using_Skypekit",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=RPi_Using_Skypekit&oldid=145106"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
RPi Using Skypekit
From eLinux.org
Revision as of 21:08, 30 June 2012 by Prehensile (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Contents
Back to the Hub.
Community Pages:
Tutorials - a list of tutorials. Learn by doing.
Guides - a list of informative guides. Make something useful.
Projects - a list of community projects. Help others out.
Tasks - for advanced users to collaborate on software tasks.
Datasheets - a frambozenier.org documentation project.
Education - a place to share your group's project and find useful learning sites.
Community - links to the community elsewhere on the web.
Games - all kinds of computer games.
About SkypeKit
Sadly, there's no desktop Skype application currently available for the Raspberry Pi. However, Skype do have a Developer Program, and through that program it's possible to get the basic bits & pieces needed to put together a Skype client that will run on the Pi.
SkypeKit is an SDK & set of runtimes provided by Skype to developers who want to create applications with Skype-based functionality.
You can think of a runtime as a 'headless' version of Skype: it's an executable which has no interface, runs on the commandline & connects to the Skype network and provides stuff like contact lists and the ability to make calls. The SDK allows you to write code which talks to the runtime. You're never dealing with the Skype network directly; just manipulating the runtime. When you're developing with SkypeKit, presenting an interface to the user is your responsibility. The core Skype functionality is the runtime's responsibility.
There are a number of runtimes available for various combinations of OS & architecture. Luckily for us, there's a linux-armv7le-eabi runtime which runs on the Pi.
Handily, the SDK also comes with a bunch of example code which lets you do things like chat & make and receive calls on the command-line.
The purpose of this guide is to get you to a point where you can hack about with SkypeKit on the Pi. It's not a canonical guide to making Skype calls on the Pi, although hopefully may make such a thing possible in the future.
Prerequisites
There's a fair bit of footwork required to get to the point where you can get your Pi connecting to Skype. Firstly, most importantly, and the reason that this stuff is currently only useful to developers is the fact that you'll need to sign up to the SkypeKit Developer Program to get the runtime and the application keys needed for its use.
Getting the SkypeKit SDK & runtime
1. First, you'll need to sign up to the SkypeKit Developer Program. Visit https://developer.skype.com/signup. Click "Sign in with Skype" and do that thing.
2. Once you're signed up to the Developer Program, you'll need to sign up to the "SkypeKit for Embedded" Program to download the runtime for Pi. Go to http://developer.skype.com/account/projects and click the link that says Join for US $5 on the "SkypeKit for Embedded" line in the Programs section. The astute will already have realised that it costs $5.
3. Once you're signed up to the SkypeKit for Embedded program, you'll need to create a Project to get the key pair that the runtime requires to run. Visit http://developer.skype.com/account/projects again; you should now see that where the Join for US $5 link was which you used to sign up to the Embedded program, it now says "Create a new project". Click that link and follow the instructions to create a project.
4. Once you've created a project, you'll be able to download the SDK, runtime & key pair you need to run a runtime on the Pi. Visit http://developer.skype.com/skypekit/releases. Remember, we're interested in the Embedded runtime for the Pi's ARMv7 chip; at the time of writing, this download is the 4.2.1 for Embedded SDK from the Step 1 section.
1. You'll need to request the runtime, since they're built uniquely against a Developer Program account. Click "Request a runtime" in Step 2: Request and download runtimes. We're after a Linux / ARMv7 runtime, so select those in the dropdowns at the column headings in the table which appears. There's a few which can be used; I'm currently working with linux-armv7-skypekit-voicepcm-novideo, so that's as good a choice to make as any at this point.
2. Finally, we'll request a key pair. Go back to the project that you created and click "Development key pair". Then click "Request a new key pair" and give it a name (I use dates). Click "Request key pair" after proving you're a human, then "Download the key pair"
5. That's it! You now have everything you need to start slapping together a simple Skype-connected app
Building an Audio Host & running an example app
Now we've got the SDK, runtime & keyfile, we're ready to start putting things togeher on the Pi. Copy over linux-armv6-skypekit-xxx.gz, linux-armv6-skypekit-xxx.tar.gz, skypekit-sdk_sdk-xxx.tar.gz and the .pem keyfile to a sensible place on your Pi (I made ~/dev/skype and put them there) and uncompress both archives with:
tar xvzf filename.gz
The rest of this guide is all Pi-side, since I'm not quite ready to attempt to get my Mac cross-compiling for the Pi just yet.
About Audio Hosts
The Skypekit ARM runtime needs to connect to an Audio Host at the time that it connects to the Skype network, even if we're not actually interested in making calls (say, using the runtime for chat). An Audio Host is a standalone binary which runs alongside the runtime and provides it with access to audio in & out connections. The Audio PCM Quick Start guide on http://developer.skype.com gives more detail about this setup, but the practical upshot is that we'll need to compile an Audio PCM Host before we can use any of the services provided by the runtime.
Most of this information is extracted from Skype's Audio PCM Quick Start guide, but this doc seems to lag behind regarding the build system used in more recent versions of the SDK (4.2.1 at time of writing). There's some tidbits of information about the new build system in the Release Notes for 4.2.1, but other stuff I've basically guessed at/worked out through trial & error. YMMV.
Building voicepcmhost-loopback
The simplest reference Audio Host provided in the SDK is voicepcmhost-loopback, which as the name suggests, just copies audio data from its input back to its output.
1. Build voicepcmhost-loopback. Change to the relevant build directory:
cd ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-loopback/build/gmake
and build it:
make
Hopefully, we should now have a built binary at ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-loopback/build/voicepcmhost-loopback.
Building voicepcmhost-rtaudio
If you'd like to try making a call through to actual audio hardware on the Pi, you can build voicepcmhost-rtaudio which uses the RtAudio library to connect to an audio device.
Prerequisites
• RtAudio. At the time of writing, the most current version is 4.0.11 which can be downloaded here.
• libasound2-dev, the ALSA shared library which RtAudio needs to connect to ALSA (if you're wondering, ALSA is the Linux sound system[1]). Install this library with
sudo apt-get install libasound2-dev
• A USB soundcard which has an audio-in port. voicepcmhost-rtaudio fails if it can't connect to an audio input, and the Pi's onboard sound only has an audio-out connection. Connect the device before you turn on the Pi; if its chipset is supported, drivers will be loaded at boot.
• Premake, a build utility which generates a correct makefile for voicepcmhost-rtaudio.
1. Download the source from http://industriousone.com/premake/download.
2. Extract the source somewhere useful. If you're following my directory structure, copy the downloaded tarball to ~/dev, then extract with
unzip premake-4.3-src.zip
3. Change to the build folder in the extracted source directory
cd ~/dev/premake-4.3/build/gmake.unix
and build premake
make
4. Make the premake binary available to the system by copying it to /usr/sbin
sudo cp ~/dev/premake-4.3/bin/release/premake4 /usr/sbin
Once you've taken care of the prerequisites, we're ready to compile voicepcmhost-rtaudio.
1. Extract rtaudio somewhere useful. If you're following my directory structure, extract it to ~/dev with the following commands:
1. Copy the rtaudio tarball to ~/dev
2. tar xzvf rtaudio-4.0.11.tar.gz
This should leave you with an extracted folder named rtaudio-4.0.11 in ~/dev.
2. Move to the directory where the voicepcmhost-rtaudio source lives:
~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-rtaudio
3. Make a link to the RtAudio source. The makefile for voicepcmhost-rtaudio expects the source for RtAudio to be present in this folder at compile-time. We'll make a link back to the extracted source to keep things tidy.
ln -s ~/dev/rtaudio-4.0.11 ./rtaudio-4.0.6
Note that the link is named rtaudio-4.0.6: the makefile is expecting an older version of RtAudio, and rather than mucking about with the makefile, it's probably just better to be a little disingenuous with the link name. This strategy works fine at the time of writing with rtaudio-4.0.11 standing in for 4.0.6.
4. Generate the correct makefile for voicepcmhost-rtaudio, since the default one doesn't work.
make
This will generate a bunch of makefiles and try to build voicepcmhost-rtaudio, which will fail. This is OK though, since we'll build it in the next step.
5. Build voicepcmhost-rtaudio with the following commands:
cd ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-rtaudio/build/gmake
make
If all of this worked, you should be left with a built binary at ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-rtaudio/build/voicepcmhost-rtaudio.
Making a test call to the Pi
Let's try putting the whole thing together and making a test call to the Pi. If it works, we'll hear our own voice echoed back to us through the loopback host. You'll need the logins for two different Skype accounts: we'll use on the Pi and one on your desktop. You'll also need Skype installed on your desktop.
1. Copy the .pem keyfile to ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/examples/python/tutorial. We'll use it later to run a test app. Edit ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/examples/python/keypair.py to reflect the filename of the keyfile.
2. Start the ARM runtime in the background:
~/dev/skype/linux-armv6-skypekit-voicepcm-novideo_4.2.1.723_1708442/bin/linux-armv6le-eabi/linux-armv6-skypekit-voicepcm-novideo &
3. Start a Voice PCM Audio Host in the background:
1. For voicepcmhost-loopback:
~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-loopback/build/voicepcmhost-loopback &
2. For voicepcmhost-rtaudio:
~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/reference/voicepcmhost-rtaudio/build/voicepcmhost-rtaudio &
4. Move to the folder containing the Python app examples:
cd ~/dev/skype/skypekit-sdk_sdk-4.2.1.97_1379776/examples/python/tutorial/
5. Run the autoanswer.py example. This is a simple Python app which will automatically answer any incoming Skype call and connect it to the loopback Audio Host.
python autoanswer.py <Skype account #1 login> <Skype account #1 password>
6. On your desktop, login to Skype with the details for account #2 and place a call to account #1. You should see a whole load of output spill across the Pi's console, including the lines
Incoming call from: <Skype account #2 name>
and
<Skype account #2 name> is now live.
At this point, we should have a Skype call connected to the instance of SkypeKit running on the Pi. Congratulations! Say something.
• If you're using voicepcmhost-loopback, you should hear your own voice coming back to you over the Skype connection.
• If you're using voicepcmhost-rtaudio, you should hear your own voice coming out of the USB audio device connected to the Pi.
And that's how to make a Skype connection to the Pi. Have fun hacking around it with it, build awesome stuff!
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:49:42.000Z
|
6tsuyvhfzo6omxappup6gii7ftpb2om7
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34471",
"uncompressed_offset": 96154545,
"url": "genomebiology.com/2004/5/4/P8/abstract",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://genomebiology.com/2004/5/4/P8/abstract"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
This article has not been peer reviewed.
Deposited research article
Characterization of Indian cattle breeds, Ongole and Deoni (Bos indicus) using microsatellite markers
Muralidhar Metta1, Sriramana Kanginakudru2, Narasimharao Gudiseva1 and Javaregowda Nagaraju2*
Author Affiliations
1 Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, A NG R Agricultural University, Hyderabad 500 030, India
2 Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, ECIL Road, Nacharam, Hyderabad 500 076, India
For all author emails, please log on.
Genome Biology 2004, 5:P8 doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-4-p8
This was the first version of this article to be made available publicly. A peer-reviewed and modified version is now available in full at http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/5/16
Published: 4 March 2004
Abstract
Molecular characterization of cattle breeds is important for the prevention of germplasm erosion by cross breeding. The present study was carried out to characterize two Indian cattle breeds, Ongole and Deoni using microsatellite markers. Using 5 di-and 5 tri- nucleotide repeat loci, 17 Ongole and 13 Deoni unrelated individuals were studied. Of the ten loci, eight revealed polymorphism in both the breeds. The di-nucleotide repeats loci were found to be more polymorphic (100%) than tri-nucleotide repeat loci (60%). A total of 39 polymorphic alleles were obtained at 4.5 alleles per locus in Ongole and 4.1 in Deoni. The average expected heterozygosity was 0.46 (+0.1) and 0.50 (+0.1) in Ongole and Deoni breeds, respectively. The PIC values of the polymorphic loci ranged from 0.15 to 0.79 in Ongole and 0.13 to 0.80 in Deoni breeds. Six Ongole specific and three Deoni specific alleles were identified. The two breeds showed a moderate genetic relationship between themselves with a FST value of 0.10.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:39:30.000Z
|
kc365zoc4bhf364r577n7qrwgtuuzecx
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34474",
"uncompressed_offset": 97964805,
"url": "globalvoicesonline.org/2008/08/17/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/08/17/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
GlobalVoices in Learn more »
17 August 2008
Daily archive · 7 posts
Stories from 17 August 2008
Blogger of the Week: Lydia Beyoud
Today's Blogger of the Week is Lydia Beyoud - a writer and listener at heart, and a thinker, who has recently become a doer. This is how the blogger, who has five languages under her belt, describes herself. From Portland, Oregon, Lydia covers Moroccan blogs written in French. What is her relationship with blogging and Morocco? Read on to find out.
Angola, Brazil: A culture shock divide
Angola and Brazil's special relationship means that business between the two former Portuguese colonies is booming - as well as migration both ways across the Atlantic. But, how are these two sibling peoples getting on? This post offers the perspectives of both an Angolan and a Brazilian blogger living in Luanda.
Egypt: Farewell Twitter SMS
A few days ago, Egypt woke up to the sad news that Twitter is no longer delivering outbound SMS to few countries, including Egypt. Lasto Adri reviews the Egyptian blogosphere, which is already looking for alternatives, for reactions.
Peru: One Year After the Pisco Earthquake
One year after a powerful earthquake struck the southern part of Peru, many bloggers look back and note the lack of progress. Most of the blame falls on the local, regional, and national governmental officials that often promised a lot, but delivered very little. However, other bloggers remember the mobilization by Peruvians at home and abroad.
Caribbean: Lightning Bolt Strikes Beijing
This post is going to be as long as Jamaican Usain Bolt's sprint to 100m-dash Olympic glory was short and ever-so sweet - because Caribbean bloggers still have not come down from the high that Bolt's amazing win has created.
Palestine: Is literature in Gaza dead?
With the death of Mahmoud Darwish, the Arab world has mourned the loss of one of its greatest poets. However some Palestinians have been critical of Darwish. One Gazan blogger can't understand this, and he asks what has happened to literature and creativity in Gaza today.
Korea: Georgia Crisis
While Koreans enthusiastically follow the Beijing Olympics, they are also busy studying what’s going on between Russia and Georgia and what the attack means to world politics. It has been one of the main topics among bloggers.
World regions
Countries
Languages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:00:53.000Z
|
thpr2kavueh6ezz3i4nwqlpuszr4nlkq
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34475",
"uncompressed_offset": 97990564,
"url": "globalvoicesonline.org/2011/11/14/cameroon-demographic-growth-and-development/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/11/14/cameroon-demographic-growth-and-development/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
GlobalVoices in Learn more »
Cameroon: Demographic growth and development
This post also available in:
Français · Cameroun: Croissance démographique et développement
Eugene C. Shema reports on his conversation with Dr. Fassa Daniel Tolno regarding the connections between the population and development in Cameroon. On Africavox.com, he writes [fr] : “When the investments, the level of urbanization and the efforts on agriculture, human resources and industrialization do not keep up with the [increasing] size of the population, it goes without saying that the outcomes will be negative”.
World regions
Countries
Languages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:00:58.000Z
|
5omuaofhdgz4slrkftmnzlf2yv6ri66u
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34484",
"uncompressed_offset": 132161914,
"url": "listarchives.libreoffice.org/global/users/msg20042.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://listarchives.libreoffice.org/global/users/msg20042.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
Re: [libreoffice-users] math issues
Hi Tom,
Tom Davies schrieb:
Hi :)
It probably doesn't get quite so far into it but the official Math Guide is ready
http://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Documentation/Publications#LibreOffice_Math_Guide
The docs team have done an amazing amount in the last couple of weeks.
Regards from
Tom :)
We (German group) too. The English Guide has no section on Import and Export. That section is new in the German Guide (and some other parts). For LO 3.5 or 3.6 it is worth to look at the German Guide and if you find it useful, translate it to English.
Kind regards
Regina
--
For unsubscribe instructions e-mail to: users+help@global.libreoffice.org
Problems? http://www.libreoffice.org/get-help/mailing-lists/how-to-unsubscribe/
Posting guidelines + more: http://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Netiquette
List archive: http://listarchives.libreoffice.org/global/users/
All messages sent to this list will be publicly archived and cannot be deleted
Follow-Ups:
Re: [libreoffice-users] math issuesMarc Grober <marc@interak.com>
References:
Re: [libreoffice-users] math issuesTom Davies <tomdavies04@yahoo.co.uk>
Privacy Policy | Impressum (Legal Info) | Copyright information: Unless otherwise specified, all text and images on this website are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License. This does not include the source code of LibreOffice, which is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3). "LibreOffice" and "The Document Foundation" are registered trademarks of their corresponding registered owners or are in actual use as trademarks in one or more countries. Their respective logos and icons are also subject to international copyright laws. Use thereof is explained in our trademark policy.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:47:00.000Z
|
6xwrtmndupvkpdqtef2rie2t4e2phhtv
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34485",
"uncompressed_offset": 132349014,
"url": "lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-community/2008-August/000703.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-community/2008-August/000703.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
[maemo-community] Problems opening pages on wiki.maemo.org
From: teemu.sorvisto at nokia.com teemu.sorvisto at nokia.com
Date: Tue Aug 26 13:08:18 EEST 2008
Hi,
Thanks. I am able to open the link that you sent, but again the link to
Maemo Summit page doesn't open... Some of my colleagues have experienced
this same problem.
Br, Teemu
________________________________
From: maemo-community-bounces at maemo.org
[mailto:maemo-community-bounces at maemo.org] On Behalf Of ext Kamen Bundev
Sent: Tuesday, August 26, 2008 11:41 AM
To: List for community development
Subject: Re: Problems opening pages on wiki.maemo.org
Hi,
Try with this address: http://wiki.maemo.org/index.php/Main_Page
Also i can open the Maemo Summit page without any problem...
Maybe something is wrong with the server Rewrite Rules?
Regards:
Bundyo
On Tue, Aug 26, 2008 at 11:10 AM, <teemu.sorvisto at nokia.com>
wrote:
Hi,
Can anyone of you help in fixing problems with opening
pages on wiki.maemo.org? In a past few days I have tried to access, for
example, the Maemo Summit page http://wiki.maemo.org/Maemo_Summit_2008
<http://wiki.maemo.org/Maemo_Summit_2008> but haven't been able to open
it. I have tried Firefox, IE, and Safari. FF and Safari open it
infrequently, and IE doesn't open it at all. Sometimes the page
refresh/reload helps, in most cases it doesn't help.
Have there been some recent changes in the Wiki system?
This has caused some inconveniences in distributing information about
the Maemo Summit to very interested audience :)
I would highly appreciate any help, as I can't / don't
know how to fix it.
Regards,
Teemu Sorvisto
Senior Marketing Manager
Maemo Software, Nokia
_______________________________________________
maemo-community mailing list
maemo-community at maemo.org
https://lists.maemo.org/mailman/listinfo/maemo-community
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: http://lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-community/attachments/20080826/a95fe694/attachment.htm
More information about the maemo-community mailing list
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:38:18.000Z
|
lm7bzh53fgfizexibjnp2tdnh2ug42hj
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34486",
"uncompressed_offset": 132353278,
"url": "lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-developers/2006-November/006393.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-developers/2006-November/006393.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
[maemo-developers] [maemo-developers] Bluetooth headset?
From: George Farris farrisg at shaw.ca
Date: Sat Nov 25 19:02:31 EET 2006
On Sat, 2006-25-11 at 18:31 +0200, Stefan Kost wrote:
> Hi George,
>
> Then I am sorry. The "Please provide a working driver for bluetooth
> audio, both in and out." phrase is a bit demanding and I thought ti can
> from you.
Hi Stefan,
Yes, in fact that was me but I thought that was what you wanted. It was
a statement of requirements and in no way was meant to be demanding.
Language is great isn't it, wonder how many wars centuries ago were
started because of it:-) I think I was a bit confused about what you
actually were after, once I sent you the link. Ah well, it's the
weekend here and we're off for a hike, first nice weather for over a two
weeks, been raining like there is no tomorrow.
Cheers
--
George Farris
farrisg at shaw.ca
More information about the maemo-developers mailing list
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:43:58.000Z
|
y5knzdpdyxkg6dyp7gcpdbh5tpo3u2ce
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34504",
"uncompressed_offset": 164387301,
"url": "openwetware.org/index.php?diff=244208&oldid=244142&title=OHSU_Knight_CI_Genomic_Instability_Interest_Group",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://openwetware.org/index.php?title=OHSU_Knight_CI_Genomic_Instability_Interest_Group&diff=244208&oldid=244142"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
OHSU Knight CI Genomic Instability Interest Group
From OpenWetWare
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
(Events of DNA R3 Interest 2007-2008)
(Fall Term 2008 Club Meetings)
Line 70: Line 70:
|--
|--
-
|
+
| TBA
-
|
+
| [http://openwetware.org/wiki/Maureen_Hoatlin Maureen]
-
|
+
| "Mechanism of Replication-Coupled DNA Interstrand Crosslink Repair"
-
|
+
| Cell, September 18, 2008 online pub
|--
|--
|
|
Revision as of 10:17, 19 September 2008
Home Faculty Graduate Program Postdocs OHSU Knight Core Facilities
Programs Res Group Meetings Cancer Journal Club Cell/CANB 616 Gen. Inst/R3 Club CANB 610
Contents
Objectives of the OHSU DNA R3 Club
Cross-departmental workshop composed of students, postdocs, and faculty with shared interest in basic principles and emerging discoveries in genomic instability, DNA replication, recombination and repair. The goals of the meetings and this wiki:
• Establish a challenging and interactive cross-departmental focus group that will advance understanding of our individual projects and encourage collaborations.
• Provide students and postdocs with training and interactions with faculty interested in the R3 Topics
R3 Activities
Want to join us? All are invited!
• All year. The third Tuesday of the month is the DNA repair videoconference for the DNA Repair Interest Group at NIH. NIH videoconference is held at 9:30 am in the CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M).
• All year. Campus-wide Seminars of R3 Club interest are posted below. Please post your event or email Maureen through OpenWetWare with any updates.
• Fall and Winter terms- Genomic Instability Club, First Tuesday of the month, 2:30 pm, MRB 634
• Spring Term, alternate years: the R3 clubs folds into the weekly Advanced Biochemistry Class.
Member Labs and Affiliations
Hoatlin Lab Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (BMB)
Thayer Lab BMB
Lloyd Lab Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology (CROET)
Liskay Lab Molecular and Medical Genetics (MMG)
McCullough Lab CROET & MMG
Grompe Lab MMG
Turker Lab CROET
Kurre Lab Pediatrics
Mike Heinrich-Chris Corless Labs
Events of DNA R3 Interest 2008-2009
• July 21, 2008. CROET, noon seminar. Paul Doetsch, Emory U. (Hosts: Amanda McCullough and R. Stephen Lloyd, CROET).
• August 12, 2008. Matt Thayer will give an update of the Salk Replication and Genome Integrity Meeting during the Hoatlin lab meeting in MRB 634 at 2:30pm.
• Sept 11, 2008. CROET, noon seminar. Dr. Ken Kraemer, NIH. Title: Xeroderma pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy: Defective DNA Repair, Abnormal Development or Both? (Hosts: Amanda McCullough and R. Stephen Lloyd, CROET)
• September 29, 2008. CROET noon seminar BSAC 3524. Dr Glenn Wilson, U. South Alabama. "Targeting DNA Repair Fusion Proteins to Mitochondria to Enhance Islet Transplantation" (Host: R. Stephen Lloyd, CROET)
• Oct. 28, 2008. BMB Noon Seminar. Vollum 1441. Barbara Panning (Host: Matt Thayer BMB)
• Nov. 11, 2008. BMB Noon Seminar. Vollum 1441. Andrew Chess (Host: Matt Thayer BMB)
• Nov 18, 2008. NIH Videoconference, CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M), 9:30 AM. David Ferguson,University of Michigan. Roles of mammalian Mre11 in genomic stability and development (Origin: Univ of Michigan)
• Dec 16, 2008. NIH Videoconference, CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M), 9:30 AM. Tanya Paull. Univ of Texas. DNA end processing by Mre11/Rad50 complexes (Host: Smithville)
• Jan 20, 2009. NIH Videoconference, CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M), 9:30 AM. Dan Yarosh. AGI Dermatics. The Intercellular Communication of DNA Damage its Repair. (Host: Brookhaven)
• Feb 17, 2009. BMB Noon Seminar. Vollum 1441. Ari Melnick (Host: Maureen Hoatlin, BMB)
• Feb 17, 2009. NIH Videoconference, CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M), 9:30 AM. Marilyn Diaz . NIEHS - Rev3-mediated mutagenesis in mammalian cells (Origin: NIEHS)
• Mar 17, 2009. NIH Videoconference, CROET 2nd floor conference room (BSAC 2501M), 9:30 AM. Tom Misteli . NCI - Spatial genome organization in the formation of translocations and DNA repair (Origin: NIH, Bethesda)
• TBA-reschedule. OCI Seminar. Allen Ebens Host : Maureen Hoatlin, BMB)
Fall Term 2008 Club Meetings
• under construction
Date Presenter(s) Materials Links & Comments
TBA Maureen "Mechanism of Replication-Coupled DNA Interstrand Crosslink Repair" Cell, September 18, 2008 online pub
Previous R3 Talks
CROET Seminars
Held in CROET room 3524 at noon unless otherwise noted.
Journal Watch
External Meetings of Interest
For updated list see DNA Repair Interest Group web site. Please let R3 Club know if you are going to any meeting of interest. Also, please consider giving a conference update when you get back. Email me through OpenWetWare to schedule.
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:24:05.000Z
|
tbgriqisisnhoupif7d7pbc75teknucl
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34505",
"uncompressed_offset": 164415466,
"url": "openwetware.org/wiki/Knight:Loading_dye",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://openwetware.org/wiki/Knight:Loading_dye"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Knight:Loading dye
From OpenWetWare
Jump to: navigation, search
Description
6X loading dye to mix with DNA samples for use in agarose gel electrophoresis.
Components
• Ficoll 400
• Deionized water
• Orange G dye
Procedure
Dissolve 1.5 g of Ficoll in 10 mL of deionized water. Add very small amounts of Orange G dye such that the loading dye is dark orange. Store in small aliquots at 4°C (room temperature is okay too). To use, add and mix 1/5th volume of loading dye to DNA solutions prior to loading into the wells of gels.
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:29:17.000Z
|
nyebrnflij4mldhkpi47cremah2udpja
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34518",
"uncompressed_offset": 179087390,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/17056/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/17056/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
A man without a goal is like a ship without a rudder. Carlyle, Thomas
This quote is about goals · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Carlyle, Thomas ...
Thomas Carlyle (December 4, 1795 - February 5, 1881) was a Scottish essayist, satirist, and historian, whose work was hugely influential during the Victorian era. Coming from a strictly Calvinist family, Carlyle was expected by his parents to become a preacher. However, while at the University of Edinburgh he lost his Christian faith. Nevertheless Calvinist values remained with him throughout his life. This combination of a religious temperament with loss of faith in traditional Christianity made Carlyle's work appealing to many Victorians who were grappling with scientific and political changes that threatened the traditional social order.
These people bookmarked this quote:
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:39:58.000Z
|
rlyhyxywg27s75cv4kzi3ebynd7sht4c
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34519",
"uncompressed_offset": 179093948,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/24878/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/24878/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
If there is anything better than to be loved it is loving. Unknown, Source
This quote is about love · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Unknown, Source ...
We don't have a biography.
These people bookmarked this quote:
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:09:31.000Z
|
oqcfcarzvlvzaz3va3ldgbs2fah4qzve
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34520",
"uncompressed_offset": 179100261,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/15714/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/15714/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote
Freedom is the right to live as we wish. Epictetus
Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote
Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ...
Choose something popular ...
Make a custom wrapped canvas ...
Make custom holiday cards ...
Make custom t-shirts ...
Make custom holiday gifts for boys ...
Make custom holiday gifts for girls ...
Make custom holiday gifts for men ...
A selection of more great products and gifts!
212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:51:02.000Z
|
c7x3gnsiwvua2oarw33atp5b4ruujusn
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34521",
"uncompressed_offset": 179105744,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/39088/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/39088/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote
You wake up in the morning, and your purse is magically filled with twenty-four hours of un-manufactured tissue of the universe of your life! It is yours. It is the most precious of possessions. No one can take it from you. And no one receives either more or less than you receive. Bennett, Arnold
Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote
Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ...
Choose something popular ...
Make a custom wrapped canvas ...
Make custom holiday cards ...
Make custom t-shirts ...
Make custom holiday gifts for boys ...
Make custom holiday gifts for girls ...
Make custom holiday gifts for men ...
A selection of more great products and gifts!
212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:49:44.000Z
|
ndswavjc5clxw7wfj6kr77he6kajhviv
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34580",
"uncompressed_offset": 256209699,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/second%2Blevel%2Bview?issue=October+1994&prodno=9201.5&prodno=9201.5&tabname=Past+Future+Issues&viewtitle=Travel+to+Work+and+School%2C+Greater+Perth+Region~October+1994~Latest~20%2F12%2F1995",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/second+level+view?ReadForm&prodno=9201.5&viewtitle=Travel%20to%20Work%20and%20School,%20Greater%20Perth%20Region~October%201994~Latest~20/12/1995&tabname=Past%20Future%20Issues&prodno=9201.5&issue=October%201994&num=&view="
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Catalogue Number
9201.5 - Travel to Work and School, Greater Perth Region, October 1994
Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 20/12/1995 Ceased
First Release
• First Issue: Oct 1994
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:33:35.000Z
|
6sm7g5ll543sk2yurw4f2gbh35mhuzuu
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34585",
"uncompressed_offset": 273457764,
"url": "www.appropedia.org/User%3ALonny",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.appropedia.org/User%3ALonny"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
User:Lonny
From Appropedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lonny Grafman
I am Lonny, the founder of Appropedia.org, feel free to ask me a question.
Contents
[edit] Campus Office Information
Loading map...
University: Humboldt State University
Department: Environmental Resources Engineering
U.S. Phone: +1 (707) 826-3649 x1
School Email: lonnyhumboldtedu
Other Email: lonnyappropediaorg or just click (must be logged in) to email me.
Office Location: I am in Harry Griffith Hall 118B on the southwest corner of Harpst and B Streets - see marker on the interactive google map.
Feel free to leave comments at the discussion tab above
[edit] Office Schedule
[edit] Courses taught
Userboxes
This user is a member with interest and knowledge of Photovoltaics.
This user is a member with interest and knowledge of Alternative building.
This user is a member with interest and knowledge of Service Learning.
This user is a member with interest and knowledge of Water and Sanitation.
Humboldt State University and Partner Universities in Parras, Mexico; Chiapas, Mexico; and Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic:
University of Nevada Reno in partnership with the University of the Basque Country:
Humboldt County in partnership with College of the Redwoods and the California Conservation Corps:
[edit] Bio
Lonny Grafman is an Instructor of Environmental Resources Engineering and Appropriate Technology at Humboldt State University; the founder of a summer abroad, full immersion, Spanish language and appropriate technology program in Dominican Republic; the Advisor for the Waterpod and Flock House; the Executive Editor of the International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering; and the Founder and President of the Appropedia Foundation, sharing knowledge to build rich, sustainable lives.
Lonny has taught courses at universities in four countries and facilitated interactive workshops in many locations. He has worked, and led teams, on hundreds of domestic and international projects across a broad spectrum of sustainability - from solar power to earthen construction, from micro-hydro power to rainwater catchment. Throughout all of these technology implementations, he has found the most vital component to be community.
[edit] Current Activities
[edit] IJSLE
International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering
Executive Editor
http://ijsle.org
"a free peer-reviewed electronic journal. The Journal welcomes manuscripts based on original work of students and researchers with a specific focus or implication for service learning in engineering, engineering entrepreneurship in service, or related service learning pedagogy."
[edit] Appropedia Foundation
President
http://www.appropedia.org
Promoting, facilitating and bolstering the sharing of knowledge to build rich, sustainable lives.
[edit] Design Your Future
Co-Creator with Prof. Beth Eschenbach
http://www.dyfference.org
Teaching university, service learning based, sustainable engineering design in high school to engage students in the design process and encourage their entry into higher education. Developing sustainable design as context for curriculum.
[edit] Abroad Programs
Founder, director, teacher
http://www.practivistas.com
A summer immersion program in Spanish and Appropriate Technology since 2005. Founded, directed and taught, as well as co-founded and co-directed, programs in Parras de la Fuente, Mexico; San Cristóbal de las Casas, Mexico; and Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
[edit] Campus Center for Appropriate Technology
Steering Committee member
http://www.humboldt.edu/ccat
"The mission of CCAT is to demonstrate appropriate technology in a residential setting, to provide hands-on experiential learning opportunities to Humboldt State University and the surrounding community, to collect and disseminate information about appropriate technology, to examine the ethical and social consequences of technology, and to dispel the myth that living lightly on the earth is difficult or burdensome. CCAT is dedicated to sustainability and seeks to help others live likewise."
[edit] Green Wheels
Advisory board member
http://www.green-wheels.org/
"We're making the North Coast friendly for walking, biking and mass transit, to reduce carbon emissions, sprawl, and congestion, and make a stronger economy and improve health."
[edit] Humboldt Bay Center for Sustainable Living
Board of Directors
http://eco-hostel.org
Constructing "a lodging facility, the Humboldt Bay Eco-Hostel, and Sustainable Living Center where visitors can experience the ease and beauty of environmentally sustainable living.
The Center will serve as a portal for visitors to access the natural and heritage assets of our region. The Project will be an inspiration to thousands of new visitors to the Northcoast. These visitors will include both those who stay at the Hostel and those who lodge at other establishments but visit the hostel site and grounds. Expenditures on lodging, meals and other goods and services will make a significant contribution to the well being of the local economy."
[edit] Full Belly Project
Board of Advisors
http://www.fullbellyproject.org/
"The Full Belly Project, a non-profit dedicated to developing simple income generating devices to improve life for the world’s poorest, was today named a 2008 Tech Awards Laureate, The Full Belly Project is one of 25 global innovators recognized each year for applying technology to benefit humanity and spark global change. The Tech Awards, a signature program of The Tech Museum of Innovation, and presented by Applied Materials, Inc., selected The Full Belly Project from among hundreds of nominations representing 68 countries."
[edit] Waterpod
Sustainability and Appropriate Technology Advisor, Volunteer Coordinator
http://thewaterpod.org
"Waterpod™ is a floating, sculptural, eco-habitat designed for the rising tides. It will depart May 2009, from the Newtown Creek between Brooklyn and Queens, navigate down the East River, explore the waters of New York Harbor, docking at several Manhattan piers on the Hudson River before continuing onward. The Waterpod™ demonstrates future pathways for water-based innovations. As a sustainable, navigable living space, the Waterpod™ showcases the critical importance of the environment and art, serving as a model for new living, d.i.y. technologies, art, and dialogue."
[edit] Flock House
Sustainability Advisor
http://flockhouse.org
"Part fantastic and part practical living, mobile Flock House living systems are interstertial, are both autonomous and dependent on their local community and human relationships to care for, share amongst, collaborate, and corroborate with. As living systems, they are bridges for informal cross-discipline, cross-boundary, and cross-border notions of perimeter, property, and polity. Flock House represents migratory structures as part of a city’s ecology."
[edit] Thrivable
Advisor
http://thrivable.net/about/#Advisors
"Thrivable is a solution-focused consulting and training network helping individuals and organizations to cultivate abundance by developing agility, resilience, and adaptability."
[edit] Locally Delicious
Board of Advisors
http://www.locally-delicious.org/
"Six women from the northern coast of California referring to themselves as "Heirloom Tomatoes" understand those changes and challenges and have put together a handbook for eating local with the intent of inspiring others to do the same." Now it is an organization doing even more. The second edition of the book is out and more projects are underway.
[edit] Select Projects
[edit] Other Recent, Active, Organizational Work
[edit] Select Recent Presentations
Select slide-shows can be seen at http://www.slideshare.net/lonny.
[edit] Select Interviews and Mentions
Articles:
Audio:
Video:
Books:
Discussion tracking
Changes to community discussions & key policy pages
Contributions by Lonny to:
User talk pages
Article talk pages
Category talk pages
Appropedia talk pages
Personal tools
Collaborators
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:16.000Z
|
oa5lsn227tzqjto42ckkhsmod2hb2kb4
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34586",
"uncompressed_offset": 298233039,
"url": "www.bizsugar.com/OnlineMarketing/how-every-business-can-create-a-viral-marketing-campaign-in-3-weeks/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.bizsugar.com/OnlineMarketing/how-every-business-can-create-a-viral-marketing-campaign-in-3-weeks/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
How Every Business Can Create a Viral Marketing Campaign in 3 Weeks
Posted by FixCourse under Online Marketing
From http://fixcourse.com 277 days ago
Made Hot by: Fulcrum on August 17, 2012 10:39 pm
The best marketing makes other people find you. Here's how to create a viral marketing campaign that will bring you traffic, links, customers for years to come.
Subscribe
Holly Hanna: Facebook "Contributor of the Week"
Say hello to Holly Hanna, our first BizSugar Facebook "Contributor of the Week." Holly has always wanted to be a … More
Editor's Picks
Shazam! Meet Contributor of the Week Paul Cox...Congrats, Paul!
See if you're one of our Top 10 Members this week!
Got small business blog posts? Register and submit them today!
Add BizSugar buttons and plugins to your small biz toolkit!
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:38:52.000Z
|
ddkptxt2cemvieiav4p2bxjtbsushuca
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34596",
"uncompressed_offset": 369438190,
"url": "www.elinux.org/index.php?oldid=6237&title=System_Size",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.elinux.org/index.php?title=System_Size&oldid=6237"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
System Size
From eLinux.org
Revision as of 23:10, 11 June 2008 by TimBird (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Here are some links to information and projects related to Linux system size.
Contents
Technologies for decreasing system size
Kernel size reduction
Configuration Options
The Linux-tiny patchset
• The Linux Tiny patch set is a collection of patches which can be used to make the Linux kernel consume less space. The long-term goal of the Linux-tiny project is to mainline these patches. Several patches have been mainlined over the last few years, and work continues in this area.
Compiler options for reducing kernel size
An LWN article talks about three gcc options to shrink the kernel.
Shrinking the Kernel with GCC
The first option is -Os which is already in the tiny kernel patch.
The second option is new in gcc 3.4, -funit-at-a-time. This apparently makes gcc do a much better job of inlining and dead code removal. It reduces the size of both text and data. It depends on another inlining patch that I think is in the tiny kernel patch (maybe same idea but different details).
The third option, -mregparm=3, seems to be x86 specific, it instructs the compiler to use registers for the first three function arguments. by John Rigby
Runtime size of kernel
Often, the focus of memory size reduction for the kernel is on the size of the statically compiled image for the kernel. However, the kernel also allocates memory dynamically when it runs. On loading, the kernel creates several tables for things like network and file system structures.
Here is a table showing different kernel hash tables, and their approximate size for a 2.6 kernel. (Table taken from page 25 of http://logfs.org/~joern/data_structures.pdf )
Hash Table memory < 512MiB RAM memory >=512MiB RAM
32b/64b 32b/64b
TCP established 96k/192k 384k/768k
TCP bind 64k/128k 256k/512k
IP route cache 128k/256k 512k/1M
Inode-cache 64k/128k 64k/128k
Dentry cache 32k/64k 32k/64k
Total 384k/768k 1248k/2496k
File system compression
For read-only data, it is useful to utilize a compressed file system. The following are used heavily in embedded systems:
• JFFS2
• Cramfs
• SquashFS
See the File Systems page for more information.
Library savings
Use of a smaller libc
Glibc is the default C library used for Linux systems. Glibc is about 2 meg. in size. Other C libraries are also available for Linux, and they offer varying degrees of compatibility and size savings. In general, uClibc is considered a very good alternative to glibc, for systems where size is an issue.
• uClibc - small footprint but complete C library
• dietlibc - another library to produce very small statically compiled executables.
• klibc - very small library for use in init ram filesystems
• Subset Libc Specification - CELF once considered the possibility of creating a subset libc specification. Some companies have also examined the possibility of modularizing glibc, so that parts of it can be made configurable. Preliminary research indicates that this could be a very difficult thing, since glibc has very messy function interdependencies.
Static Linking
If your set of applications is small, sometimes it makes more sense to statically link your applications than to use shared libraries. Shared libraries by default include all symbols (functions and data structures) for the features a library provides. However, when you static link a program to a library, only the symbols that are actually referenced are linked in and included in the program.
Library reduction
It is possible to reduce the size of shared libraries, by eliminating unused symbols.
MontaVista released a tool for library optimization. This tool scans the entire file system, and can rebuild the shared libraries for the system, including only the symbols needed for the set of applications in the indicated file system.
Care needs to be taken with this approach, since it may make it difficult to use add-on programs or or do in-field upgrades (since symbols required by the new software may not be present in the optimized libraries). But for some fixed-function devices, this can reduce your library footprint dramatically.
See http://libraryopt.sourceforge.net/
Deferred Library Loading
It is possible to reduce the RAM runtime footprint for a product, by lazily loading shared libraries, and by breaking up library dependencies. Panasonic did some research into a process called Deferred Library Loading, which they presented at ELC 2007.
See the Deferred Dynamic Loading presentation.
Execute-in-place
You can save RAM memory by using some text or data directly from flash.
Kernel XIP
By executing the kernel in-place from flash, it is possible to save RAM space.
Application XIP
By executing applications in-place from flash, it is possible to save RAM space.
Data Read In Place (DRIP)
This is a technique for keeping data in flash, until it is written to, and then making a RAM page for it.
Size measurement tools and techniques
Kernel size measurement data
• Bloatwatch - a kernel size regression analysis tool.
• Bloatwatch provides a great amount of detail, and the ability to compare the size of kernel versions over time. The range of kernels covered is from 2.6.12-rc2 to 2.6.17-rc1. Unfortunately, the system to
collect kernels and test them broke about the time of 2.6.17, and the system stopped operating at that time.
• If you have interest in reviving this tool to make it operational again, please contact User:Tim Bird. CELF has some contract money earmarked for this project.
How to measure the kernel image size
• to see the size of the major kernel sections (code and data):
size vmlinux */built-in.o
[tbird@crest ebony]$ size vmlinux */built-in.o
text data bss dec hex filename
2921377 369712 132996 3424085 343f55 vmlinux
764472 35692 22768 822932 c8e94 drivers/built-in.o
918344 22364 36824 977532 eea7c fs/built-in.o
18260 1868 1604 21732 54e4 init/built-in.o
39960 864 224 41048 a058 ipc/built-in.o
257292 14656 34516 306464 4ad20 kernel/built-in.o
34728 156 2280 37164 912c lib/built-in.o
182312 2704 736 185752 2d598 mm/built-in.o
620864 20820 26676 668360 a32c8 net/built-in.o
1912 0 0 1912 778 security/built-in.o
133 0 0 133 85 usr/built-in.o
• to see the size of the largest kernel symbols:
• nm --size -r vmlinux
[tbird@crest ebony]$ nm --size -r vmlinux | head -10
00008000 b read_buffers
00004000 b __log_buf
00003100 B ide_hwifs
000024f8 T jffs2_garbage_collect_pass
00002418 T journal_commit_transaction
00002400 b futex_queues
000021a8 t jedec_probe_chip
00002000 b write_buf
00002000 D init_thread_union
00001e6c t tcp_ack
How to measure the memory usage at runtime
See Runtime Memory Measurement for a description of ways to measure runtime memory usage in Linux.
Also, see Accurate Memory Measurement for a description of techniques (and patches) which can be used to measure the runtime memory more accurately.
Linux size increase from 2.4 to 2.6
Linux increased in size by between 10% and 30% from version 2.4 to 2.6. This incremental growth in kernel size has been a big concern by forum members.
Please see the Szwg Linux 26Data page for supporting data.
GCC Code-Size Benchmarking
CSiBE is a code size benchmark for the GCC compiler. The primary purpose of CSiBE is to monitor the size of the code generated by GCC. In addition, compilation time and code performance measurements are also provided.
CSiBE
Case Studies
• Motorola reduction of system size (presumably for cell phones) using 2.4 Linux: MotSizeReduction.ppt - this is a placeholder for this Powerpoint as it was too big to upload to the wiki. Email btraynor at gmail.com if you need it immediately.
Other Tidbits on System Size
Memory leak detection for the kernel
Catalin Marinas of ARM has been recently (as of 2.6.17?) been posting a memory leak detector for the Linux kernel. It may get mainlined in the future. Here's a link to the LKML discussions around it: http://lkml.org/lkml/2006/6/11/39
How System Size may affect performance
It has long been theorized that reducing system size could provide a performance benefit because it could reduce cache misses. There does not appear to be hard data to support this theory on Linux, but this has been discussed on the kernel mailing list.
See this post by Linus Torvalds
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:50:28.000Z
|
ezwe7ciuok6ayq33veirtqjtissx7645
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34599",
"uncompressed_offset": 379955596,
"url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Germany,_Hesse,_Wiesbaden,_Miscellaneous_City_Records_%28FamilySearch_Historical_Records%29",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Germany,_Hesse,_Wiesbaden,_Miscellaneous_City_Records_(FamilySearch_Historical_Records)"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Germany, Hesse, Wiesbaden, Miscellaneous City Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)Edit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
This article describes a collection of historical records scheduled to become available at FamilySearch.org.
Contents
Title in the Language of the Record
Record Description
This collection from Wiesbaden includes a variety of records including such as church records, Jewish records, civil registration records, military records, emigration records, etc. The inclusive years of these records run from 1800 to 1900. Original records are in the Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden. The records are handwritten in narrative style and in later years in formatted forms. Text of the records is in German.
Church registers were created to record important events in the life of the parishioners such as baptisms, marriages, and burials. This recording of data helped provide citizenship benefits and statistics for civil authorities also.
Church records and civil registration are reliable and accurate family history source in Germany. Other records may be used to help find clues when vital records are not available.
Citation for This Collection
The following citation refers to the original source of the data and images published on FamilySearch.org. It may include the author, custodian, publisher and archive for the original records.
Germany, Hessen, Wiesbaden. City Archive Records. Hauptstaatsarchiv Wiesbaden, Hessen, Germany.
Suggested citation format for a record in this collection.
Record Content
The key genealogical facts found on most birth or baptism records include:
Germany Hessen Wiesbaden City Archive Records Birth DGS 4505401 8.jpg
• Names of the child, parents and witnesses or godparents
• Date and place of birth and baptism
• Residence and religion of the parents
• Occupation of the father
• Legitimacy
The key genealogical facts found on most marriage records include:
Germany Hessen Wiesbaden City Archive Records Marriage DGS 4505401 191.jpg
• Names of the bride, groom, their parents (usually the fathers) and witnesses
• Date and place of marriage and marriage proclamations or banns
• Age of bride and groom (sometimes date and place of birth)
• Residence of the bride, groom and their parents
• Religion of the bride and groom
• Occupation of groom and fathers
The key genealogical facts found on most death records include:
Germany Hessen Wiesbaden City Archive Records Death DGS 4505401 211.jpg
• Names of the deceased, spouse and parents
• Date and place of death and burial
• Age and residence of deceased (sometimes date and place of birth)
• Cause of death
How to Use the Records
In order to find data in this collection it will be necessary to know, besides the name of the ancestor, the town of the event, and an approximate date.
Some records have indexes at the end of the volume. Frequently, these indexes are arranged by the given name of the individual and sometimes use the Latin form of the name. Those volumes without indexes need to be searched chronologically for the individuals sought.
Begin your search by finding your ancestors in the index. Use the locator information in the index (such as page, entry, or certificate number) to locate your ancestors in the records. Compare the information in the record to what you already know about your ancestor to determine if this is the correct person. You may need to compare the information of more than one person to make this determination. Be aware that as with any index, transcription errors may occur.
When you have located your ancestor’s record, carefully evaluate each piece of information about other people listed in the record. These pieces of information may give you new biographical details that can lead you to other records about your ancestors. For example:
• Use the baptism date and place to find the family in census records.
• Use the residence and names of the parents to locate civil and land records.
• The father’s occupation can lead you to employment records or other types of records such as military records.
• The parent’s origin places can tell you former residences and can help to establish a migration pattern for the family.
• Marriage date and place may help find their children
• Burial place may also help to know of their migration pattern
It is often helpful to extract the information on all children with the same parents. If the surname is unusual, you may want to compile baptism entries for every person of the same surname and sort them into families based on the names of the parents. Continue to search the baptism records to identify siblings, parents, and other relatives in the same or other generations who were born, married and died in the same place or nearby.
Keep in mind:
• The information in church records is usually reliable, but depends upon the reliability of the informant.
• Earlier records may not contain as much information as the records created after the late 1800s.
• There is also some variation in the information given from record to record.
Record History
For the church records the clergy were required to record the vital events (births, marriages and deaths) of people living within their jurisdiction regardless of their religion in the case there wasn’t a particular church in their area.
You can help FamilySearch Wiki by supplying information about other records’ history in this collection here.
Related Web Sites
Related Wiki Articles
Contributions to This Article
We welcome user additions to FamilySearch Historical Records wiki articles. Guidelines are available to help you make changes. Thank you for any contributions you may provide. If you would like to get more involved join the WikiProject FamilySearch Records.
Citing FamilySearch Historical Collections
When you copy information from a record, you should list where you found the information. This will help you or others to find the record again. It is also good to keep track of records where you did not find information, including the names of the people you looked for in the records.
A suggested format for keeping track of records that you have searched is found in the wiki article Help:How to Cite FamilySearch Collections.
Citation Example for a Record Found in This Collection
“Argentina, Buenos Aires, Catholic Church Records, 1635-1981,” images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org: accessed 28 February, 2012), La Plata > San Ponciano > Matrimonios 1884-1886 > image 71 of 389 images, Artemio Avendano and Clementina Peralta, 1884; citing Parroquia de San Ponciano en la Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Matrimonios. San Ponciano, La Plata, Buenos Aires.
Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists.
Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams.
Did you find this article helpful?
You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in).
• This page was last modified on 13 December 2012, at 17:37.
• This page has been accessed 1,896 times.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:43.000Z
|
lsoivkl5dfzf63b6whqeas3gajz3j4gh
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34603",
"uncompressed_offset": 392018879,
"url": "www.forensicswiki.org/w/index.php?oldid=5946&title=Category%3ADisk_imaging",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.forensicswiki.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Disk_imaging&oldid=5946"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Hard Drive Passwords
From Forensics Wiki
Revision as of 07:26, 14 December 2008 by .FUF (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Some hard drives support passwords. These passwords can be implemented in computer's operating system, its BIOS, or even in the hard drive's firmware. Passwords implemented in the OS are the easiest to remove, those in the firmware are the hardest.
Sometimes people use the term "password" but the hard drive is really encrypted, and the password is used to unlock a decryption key. These passwords cannot be removed — the encryption key must be cracked or discovered through another means.
Vendors
• Disklabs (www.disklabs.com) is able to remove some forms of hard drive passwords.
• Dell will assist law enforcement in removing the passwords from password-protected hard drives. You need to provide Dell with a copy of the search warrant and the computer's service tag #. Reportedly this can be done over the phone, once you have a good relationship with Dell.
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation:
About forensicswiki.org:
Toolbox
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:32:31.000Z
|
6sqigm4hcoysov5yegkjlvbrcvlusukb
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34609",
"uncompressed_offset": 412859858,
"url": "www.grandtheftwiki.com/PlayStation_2",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.grandtheftwiki.com/PlayStation_2"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
PlayStation 2
From Grand Theft Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Original PS2 and "Slim" model
The PlayStation Two, or PS2, is Sony's successor to the original PlayStation (PS1). It features an improved CPU, better graphics, online gaming capabilities for certain games, two USB ports, two Memory Card ports and two DualShock ports. It hit the market in the early 2000s, and is considered one of the most popular and greatest video gaming consoles of all time. It is the best selling video game console of all time.
The PS2 has been superseded by the PlayStation 3, which (alongside the Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii) is a current-generation gaming console, and is the platform for Grand Theft Auto IV and its episodes, The Lost and Damned and The Ballad of Gay Tony.
Wikipedia has an article on:
Grand Theft Auto games released on the PS2
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:48:04.000Z
|
se46z5bcwbqwzsohkv3rowscseidqidy
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34615",
"uncompressed_offset": 488934704,
"url": "www.mariowiki.com/Goomba_House",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.mariowiki.com/Goomba_House"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Goomba House
From the Super Mario Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Goomba House in Mario Party Advance.
The Goomba House is a place that is found during the events of the game Mario Party Advance. This place is located in the Town Area in Shroom City. It is also in close proximity to Mario's starting location.
When the player decides to enter this place, they meets a friendly Goomba. The Goomba mentions that it actually saw the Gaddgets and Minigames that fell down from the sky at the beginning of the game. The Goomba also mentions that if the player fulfills the locals' quests in Shroom City, the player receives either a Minigame or a Gaddget.
If the player helps the Goomba out with its errand, the Kind Goomba quest, they receive the Gaddget Egg Roll. The player must buy a train ticket and give it to the Goomba in order to complete the quest.
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:02:57.000Z
|
np3k2f7teushqz3tbebumgpg6x74mjo6
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34616",
"uncompressed_offset": 493561167,
"url": "www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/2/10/2411",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/2/10/2411"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Toxins 2010, 2(10), 2411-2427; doi:10.3390/toxins2102411
Review
ADAM-15 Disintegrin-Like Domain Structure and Function
Dong Lu 1,2 , Mike Scully 1 , Vijay Kakkar 1 and Xinjie Lu 1,*
1 Thrombosis Research Institute, Manresa Road, London, SW3 6LR, UK 2 Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 30 August 2010; in revised form: 13 October 2010 / Accepted: 18 October 2010 / Published: 19 October 2010
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disintegrins: Structure-Function and Translational Potential)
Download PDF Full-Text [827 KB, Updated Version, uploaded 19 October 2010 13:53 CEST]
The original version is still available [827 KB, uploaded 19 October 2010 11:10 CEST]
Abstract: The ADAM (a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase) proteins are a family of transmembrane cell-surface proteins with important functions in adhesion and proteolytic processing in all animals. Human ADAM-15 is the only member of the ADAM family with the integrin binding motif Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) in its disintegrin-like domain. This motif is also found in most snake venom disintegrins and other disintegrin-like proteins. This unique RGD motif within ADAM-15 serves as an integrin ligand binding site, through which it plays a pivotal role in interacting with integrin receptors, a large family of heterodimeric transmembrane glycoproteins. This manuscript will present a review of the RGD-containing disintegrin-like domain structures and the structural features responsible for their activity as antagonists of integrin function in relation to the canonical RGD template.
Keywords: ADAM protein; Snake venom toxin; disintegrin; integrin; RGD-motif
Article Statistics
Click here to load and display the download statistics.
Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
Lu, D.; Scully, M.; Kakkar, V.; Lu, X. ADAM-15 Disintegrin-Like Domain Structure and Function. Toxins 2010, 2, 2411-2427.
AMA Style
Lu D, Scully M, Kakkar V, Lu X. ADAM-15 Disintegrin-Like Domain Structure and Function. Toxins. 2010; 2(10):2411-2427.
Chicago/Turabian Style
Lu, Dong; Scully, Mike; Kakkar, Vijay; Lu, Xinjie. 2010. "ADAM-15 Disintegrin-Like Domain Structure and Function." Toxins 2, no. 10: 2411-2427.
Toxins EISSN 2072-6651 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:19:49.000Z
|
orb2iusaynyrqcwxy3v5hodo7b4sfnmp
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34626",
"uncompressed_offset": 535771834,
"url": "www.openwetware.org/index.php?diff=180200&oldid=156240&title=OpenWetWare%3ANews",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.openwetware.org/index.php?title=OpenWetWare:News&diff=180200&oldid=156240"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
OpenWetWare:News
From OpenWetWare
(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Current revision (16:13, 19 January 2008) (view source)
(4 intermediate revisions not shown.)
Line 1: Line 1:
==Community News Archive==
==Community News Archive==
+
+
All news items from January 2008 on are posted to the [http://blog.openwetware.org/sc OpenWetWare steering committee blog].
+
+
===2008 News===
+
*1/9: <font size=3>[http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=science-2-point-0-great-new-tool-or-great-risk Scientific American article on open science]</font><br>
+
::Mitch Waldrop writes about the impact of OWW, blogs and more on science ... and he invites you to comment.
+
*1/8: <font size=3>OWW hires Managing Director</font><br>
+
::[[OpenWetWare:Hiring|Welcome Lorrie LeJeune.]]
+
*11/1: <font size=3>[http://blog-msb.embo.org/blog/2007/11/open_access_derivs_or_no_deriv_2.html OWW prompts Nature MSB to change open access policy]</font>
+
::Authors will now be able to choose a copyright license that permits derivative works.
+
*<font size=3>Make OpenWetWare better!</font><br>
+
::Take the [http://oww.wufoo.com/forms/openwetware-user-survey/ OpenWetWare survey].
===2007 News===
===2007 News===
+
*12/19: <font size=3>Travis Bayer to defend 1st Smolke Lab thesis</font><br>
+
::For details please check the [[Smolke|Smolke Lab OWW page]].
+
*10/22: <font size=3>U.S. Senate considering open access amendment TODAY!</font><br>
+
::For details see [http://phylogenomics.blogspot.com/2007/10/urgent-if-you-support-open-access-to.html here] or [http://www.capwiz.com/ala/issues/alert/?alertid=10301446 email your Senator] now.
+
*10/5: <font size=3>Help add new features for wiki lab notebooks!</font><br>
+
::Contribute to the [[OpenWetWare:Feature_list/Lab_notebook/2007_Oct_Brainstorming|Brainstorming session Friday October 5]].
+
*10/6: <font size=3>OWW moving to new server this Saturday</font><br>
+
::The wiki will be unavailable for write access between 10pm and 2am EDT 10/6/07.
+
*8/5: <font size=3>OpenWetWare welcomes its</font><br>
+
::<font size=3>[http://openwetware.org/index.php?title=Special:Listusers&limit=500&offset=2500 3000th] contributor!</font><br>
+
*8/2: <font size=3>Steering committee meeting</font><br>
+
::Call in or [[OpenWetWare:Steering committee next meeting|add items to the agenda]].
*7/18: <font size=3>[[OpenWetWare:Feature list|New Feature List]]</font><br>
*7/18: <font size=3>[[OpenWetWare:Feature list|New Feature List]]</font><br>
::Help specify/suggest new features you'd like OWW to have!
::Help specify/suggest new features you'd like OWW to have!
Current revision
Contents
Community News Archive
All news items from January 2008 on are posted to the OpenWetWare steering committee blog.
2008 News
Mitch Waldrop writes about the impact of OWW, blogs and more on science ... and he invites you to comment.
• 1/8: OWW hires Managing Director
Welcome Lorrie LeJeune.
Authors will now be able to choose a copyright license that permits derivative works.
• Make OpenWetWare better!
Take the OpenWetWare survey.
2007 News
• 12/19: Travis Bayer to defend 1st Smolke Lab thesis
For details please check the Smolke Lab OWW page.
• 10/22: U.S. Senate considering open access amendment TODAY!
For details see here or email your Senator now.
• 10/5: Help add new features for wiki lab notebooks!
Contribute to the Brainstorming session Friday October 5.
• 10/6: OWW moving to new server this Saturday
The wiki will be unavailable for write access between 10pm and 2am EDT 10/6/07.
• 8/5: OpenWetWare welcomes its
3000th contributor!
• 8/2: Steering committee meeting
Call in or add items to the agenda.
Help specify/suggest new features you'd like OWW to have!
Change your OWW username to your real name (if you like).
August 8-11 in Santa Fe, NM, USA.
• 6/7: Steering committee meeting
Call in or add items to the agenda.
Friday, May 11 at 1pm in Boston, MA, USA.
In celebration, write a testimonial.
• 4/4: Steering committee meeting
Call in or add items to the agenda.
• 3/9: Wiki Chat
You can now chat on the wiki!
• 2/7: OpenWetWare data dumps
Download full backup of OpenWetWare.
• 1/18/07: Steering committee meeting
Call in or add items to the agenda.
2006 News
12/22/06 -- OpenWetWare welcomes its 2000th contributor!
12/17/06 -- OpenWetWare mailing lists. Join one or send email.
12/15/06 -- Sri Kosuri successfully defends - Congratulations Dr. Sri Kosuri!
11/09/06 -- Steering committee meeting - Call in or add items to the agenda.
11/04/06 -- 2006 iGEM competition-Some of the teams used OWW for their lab notebooks and project planning.
10/22/06 -- New server: OpenWetWare is now hosted on a more reliable server and network.
10/20/06 -- Open Science Seminar Series. Come see Chris Surridge from PLoS ONE.
10/12/06 -- Steering committee meeting. Call in or add items to the agenda.
09/19/06 -- OpenWetWare welcomes its 1500th user!
09/19/06 -- Community Portal. We've posted discussion topics for improving OWW. We'd like your input!
08/31/06 -- SynBERC Video Tour. Check out the highly entertaining video of Endy and Knight lab at SynBERC!
08/21/06 -- We've updated our mainpage! Our mainpage has been optimized for your navigation convenience.
08/10/06 -- Steering committee meeting
07/10/06 -- NSF Grant submitted
07/06/06 -- Standard protocol submission meeting:12pm EST!
06/22/06 -- NSF Grant application:please contribute!
06/19/06 -- Meeting time: standard protocol submission discussion.
06/15/06 -- OWW steering committee meeting at 12pm EST.
06/07/06 -- OWW is featured in Nature.
06/04/06 -- The OWW steering committee is picking a new meeting time.
05/10/06 -- OWW plans long term plans - help needed.
05/04/06 -- Contribute to the discussion on OWW funding.
05/01/06 -- Steering committee meeting.
4/27/06 -- OpenWetWare is now running on MediaWiki version 1.6.3.
4/20/06 -- OpenWetWare's 1 year birthday.
4/03/06 -- There is a steering committee meeting today.
3/24/06 -- OWW Open Science seminar with John Wilbanks.
3/23/06 -- The Main Page has undergone major revisions.
3/11/06 -- Community Portal has been updated!
2/17/06 -- Check out the new OWW Calendar.
2/17/06 -- Now running MediaWiki software version 1.5.6.
2/08/06 -- Welcome BE.109 & BE.180 students joining OWW!
1/30/06 -- OpenWetWare is considering a new look. View the ideas and contribute to the logo and poster discussion.
1/26/06 -- The default sidebar for OpenWetWare has changed to include quick links to common OpenWetWare resources.
1/15/06 -- Pfeifer Lab from Tufts University has joined OpenWetWare.
1/09/06 -- OWW received an MIT iCampus grant. Please see this page for more info.
1/07/06 -- OWW was mentioned this week in the NetWatch section of Science.
1/04/06 -- There will be an OWW steering committee meeting this Friday at 1:00 at MIT (68-574), please come by or sign up to volunteer on the committee if you want to help.
2005 News
12/27/05 -- DeLong Lab from MIT has joined OpenWetWare.
12/15/05 -- Pan Lab and Sosnick Lab from the University of Chicago have joined OpenWetWare.
12/15/05 -- The Mimulus Community have joined OpenWetWare.
12/14/05 -- Chandra Lab from Indian Institute of Science has joined OpenWetWare.
12/9/05 -- OpenWetWare upgraded to Mediawiki 1.5.3 to add many new features. Please email us with errors/bugs.
12/6/05 -- Francis Lab from UC-Berkeley has joined OpenWetWare.
12/5/05 -- Lauffenburger Lab from MIT has joined OpenWetWare.
11/30/05 -- Nature features OWW in the news.
11/5/05 -- Schmidt Lab from Delaware has joined OpenWetWare.
10/12/05 -- The hardware running OWW has been upgraded. The site is running on a new faster server that is professionally managed and backed up. If you run into problems editing, try refreshing the page (or using the openwetware.org or openwetware.com addresses). Thanks for the patience.
10/11/05 -- OWW will be undergoing significant hardware upgrades and change of IP. During this time, there may be points where OWW will be closed for editing. See the OWW BioMicro Server Switch page for more info
10/4/05 -- OpenWetWare has been configured to use clean URLs, i.e. without "index.php" (same style as Wikipedia). URLs in the old format still work because new URLs are simply aliases. Internal links are not affected by this transition at all. Also, MediaWiki software used to run OpenWetWare has been upgraded to the latest stable version 1.4.10.
10/3/05 -- OpenWetWare content now available via Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike or GNU Free Documentation License. See Copyright for more details.
9/27/05 -- Matsudaira Lab from MIT has joined OpenWetWare
9/19/05 -- Crews Lab from Texas has joined OpenWetWare
9/19/05 -- Linder Lab from Texas has joined OpenWetWare
9/19/05 -- Rao Lab from UIUC has joined OpenWetWare
9/19/05 -- Burge Lab from MIT has joined OpenWetWare
9/15/05 -- Hu Lab from Texas A&M has joined OpenWetWare
9/14/05 -- Keasling Lab from Berkeley has joined OpenWetWare
9/14/05 -- Emelianov Lab from Texas has joined OpenWetWare
9/12/05 -- Silver Lab from Harvard has joined OpenWetWare
9/10/05 -- The BE Graduate Student Board has joined OpenWetWare
9/9/05 -- Ellington Lab from Texas has joined OpenWetWare
9/8/05 -- Suggs Lab from Texas has joined OpenWetWare
9/1/05 -- New features have been added to the wiki: Emailing users (look at the sidebar in user pages) and google searching.
8/25/05 -- MIT Specific. We started a mailing list biostuff@mit.edu to handle reagent, equipment, and knowhow requests. The list is self-subscribing for MIT-based folks.
8/16/05 -- At a recent meeting, participants decided to open OWW to labs outside of MIT, and to move administration of the wiki to the BioMicro Center. Also, the site will be hosted at http://openwetware.org instead of .mit.edu
8/16/05 -- A OpenWetWare:Getting started page has been added.
8/16/05 -- The Keating Lab has joined OpenWetWare
8/16/05 -- The Sauer Lab has joined OpenWetWare
8/16/05 -- New page on why to join has been added
7/24/05 -- New Etiquette added regarding common words and page titles, post comments about this addition to the Talk:Etiquette page
6/24/05 -- The Grossman Lab has joined OpenWetWare. Welcome!
6/23/05 -- Biological Energy Interest Group has joined OpenWetWare! They're looking for new members, contact Peter if you're interested.
6/15/05 -- Jeff just had a baby (Well Amy did)! Congratulations!
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:50:06.000Z
|
ncg6witovk5wdpgmbclk6ropheawirbs
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34638",
"uncompressed_offset": 591087936,
"url": "www.seroundtable.com/archives/006313.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:22:46.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:0b96d49b-06ad-47bb-a280-099ddc63e63a>",
"warc_url": "http://www.seroundtable.com/archives/006313.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
MSN adCenter Introduces EU Outreach Representative to Forums
Oct 2, 2006 • 10:19 am | (0) by | Filed Under Microsoft Bing adCenter
The use of forums and blogs as a platform for customer outreach and communication is common practice by Search Engines such as MSN, Google, Yahoo, and Ask. It can be argued that this is one of the many ways that search portals have provided an example to other major corporations about how to effectively use the Web to conduct public relations efforts.
Short threads at WebMasterWorld Forums and Search Engine Watch Forums from last month indicate that this practice is becoming more specialized, with MSN providing a new separate employee to address Europeans that seek additional information about their adCenter product. WMW Moderator "Receptional" introduces the latest MSN forum outreach specialist:
AdCenterEU has joined the forums to provide a European “voice” for MSN. He will compliment AdCenter411 in the US and will hopefully mean that we don’t always have to wait for America to wake up if something urgent hits the boards.
Europeans and EU-marketers: please read the full introduction and welcoming comments at WebMaterWorld Forums. Also see Search Engine Watch Forums' adCenterEU self-intro.
Previous story: Can Competitors Damage Google Rankings?
blog comments powered by Disqus
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:33:30.000Z
|
jclyp6lnufahantswuyuu7coq37xvdbt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34654",
"uncompressed_offset": 3104129,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/Latestproducts/E417EBA27D250503CA25773700169CCF",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/E417EBA27D250503CA25773700169CCF?opendocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2009–10
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 04/06/2010
Page tools: Print Page RSS Search this Product
Contents >> Manufacturing
INTRODUCTION
Manufacturing broadly relates to the physical or chemical transformation of materials or components into new products, whether the work is performed by power-driven machinery or by hand. Manufacturing covers a range of production techniques ranging from computer-assisted production using robots to production of fine jewellery by hand.
The Manufacturing industry contributed 10% to Australia's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2007-08. In 2008-09 the manufacturing industry employed 9% of all people employed in Australia, with males outnumbering females by a ratio of around 3 to 1. Twenty selected manufacturing commodities exported from Australia contributed 36% of the total value of all merchandise exports in 2008-09.
This section contains the following subsection :
Manufacturing industry
Manufactured commodities
Manufacturing Bibliography
Previous PageNext Page
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:48:49.000Z
|
f6s2afrav4jjuuo6xasrogsc5ahgzfa2
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34656",
"uncompressed_offset": 3122595,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/575BB893D9DA8108CA2576C70014C5FB",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/575BB893D9DA8108CA2576C70014C5FB?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
6203.0 - The Labour Force, Australia, 1982
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 23/03/1982
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
• About this Release
Presents detailed results of the monthly Labour Force Survey including tables showing the civilian population aged 15 and over by sex, labour force status, age (single years for persons aged 15-24 years), marital status, States and Territories, capital cities, attendance at school or tertiary education institution, country of birth, year of arrival in Australia, industry, occupation, hours worked, average hours worked, full-time/part-time workers, participation rates, whether looking for full-time or part-time work (unemployed), duration of unemployment, changes in labour force status using matched records, relationship in household, families. Most issues contain an article on a special labour force topic.
Previously: The Labour Force
This publication has been scanned from the paper version using character recognition software. This provides a full-text searching capability once downloaded.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:34:08.000Z
|
xzj5d3elamckgrlwj4zuwimra3cmmemb
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34657",
"uncompressed_offset": 3129719,
"url": "abs.gov.au/websitedbs/censushome.nsf/home/tas-32?navpos=620",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/websitedbs/censushome.nsf/home/tas-32?opendocument&navpos=620"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
2011 Census tells the story of Tasmania’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
21 June 2012 | TAS/32
A comprehensive snapshot of Tasmania’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples was revealed today as the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) released the first results of the 2011 Census of Population and Housing.
The result shows that the new Census resident population of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Tasmania is 19,625, up from 16,767 in 2006 – an increase of 17 per cent. This represents 3.6 per cent of the total Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of 548,370.
The median age for the Tasmanian Aboriginal and Torrs Strait Islander population is 22 years, whereas the national Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander median age is 21. This compares to the national median age of 37.
More than one in three (35.3 per cent) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in Tasmania were under 15 years of age. Just 4.5 per cent of this population was aged 65 and over.
ABS Tasmanian Regional Director, Glen Sward, said the 2011 Census provided an accurate and up-to-date picture of Tasmania’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, and will be used to help shape the State over the next five years.
“We worked closely with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders on a community level throughout the Census, and thanks to their support and knowledge, we are confident of a quality count,” he said.
“We thank everyone involved, and are now pleased to deliver the results back to these communities and the nation, to help plan where services and facilities are needed most.”
Mr Sward said the high quality of the latest Census data is the result of better procedures, particularly in regional and remote areas, and more people identifying as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander.
“An increase of 17 per cent more people in the State identified as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander than in the 2006 Census,” he said.
Mr Sward encouraged everyone to make use of Australia’s richest source of statistical information.
“Census data is available free online and can be used for a wide range of purposes. Our range of new, easy-to-use tools, including QuickStats, makes searching Census data quick and easy.”
Data from the 2011 Census of Population and Housing is now available on the ABS website, and covers topics such as age, income, housing, education and ancestry. Visit www.abs.gov.au/census.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:52:30.000Z
|
7rgoeeamrl4qna72hx7hebvgyyv3rgyo
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34664",
"uncompressed_offset": 10030325,
"url": "answers.onstartups.com/questions/46818/when-is-a-business-cofounder-needed",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://answers.onstartups.com/questions/46818/when-is-a-business-cofounder-needed"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Tell me more ×
Answers OnStartups is a question and answer site for entrepreneurs looking to start or run a new business. It's 100% free, no registration required.
I am technical founder right now of my own software startup.
Right now, I'm developing the software and am seeking a business cofounder.
I lack domain expertise in the various parts of the business side of a startup.
I am willing to learn it, but I cannot do everything (as I've recently had to learn myself).
I am talking to one particular business cofounder (business/marketing end), but he basically doesn't want to join yet because there is no product yet (I'm pounding my fingers working on it). Is this guy likely not the right business cofounder for my startup?
Ideally - while I'm busting my butt to develop, he could be busting his butt to realize our first clients, including beta testers, proper marketing/sales etc. There is no question the product in MVP form will be ready by May/June of this year.
Is this a realistic view of a business cofounder at this stage (pre-product) or is he right in not joining until a product is developed that he can sell?
share|improve this question
1 Answer
up vote 3 down vote accepted
Not wanting to join before the product is completed is bit of a red flag.
If you read all the lean startup approaches, customer development is needed to better shape what the MVP would be - as well as the price one would pay. This video quickly describes the pros behind customer development. Identifying problems worth solving and creating a working business model are as important (dare I say more important) than what you're coding.
And yes, it's a lot of work as well. But customer and product development efforts feed each other. The straight line approach (code / finish / QA / market / sell) sounds like what the other "founder" is following - which I will leave to you to determine whether that is the approach you wish to pursue. If you like the customer development approach, books like running lean, startup owners manual and the lean startup should give you some ideas.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer
discard
By posting your answer, you agree to the privacy policy and terms of service.
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged or ask your own question.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:39:59.000Z
|
bmrye5pkwx6axgcbovcfmoe7rjqiuiwi
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34682",
"uncompressed_offset": 40408146,
"url": "ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/view/6869/0",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/view/6869/0"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Social Organization Reconstruction of Ancient Iranian Traditional Medical System
Rahim Farrokhnia, Fahima Sharaki
Abstract
The history of ancient Iranian traditional medical system goes back several thousand years. This system is a form of integrated medicine of the kind found throughout Asia, which is based on holistic approach and not limited to the treatment of illness, but is considered a way of life. The aim of this paper is exploring and reconstructing the history of this system. Ancient Iranian Traditional medical system was rational, enlightened, and empirical and in comparison with the other contemporary medical systems this tradition possessed fewer magical and superstitions aspects, but never free in theory or practice from religious considerations. The Iranian traditional medical system was differentiated into several fields of specialization, and this system has its own laws and rules. The profession of physician possessed high social status and was only available to the upper classes of Iranian society.
A common feature of virtually every evolutionary study is the task of reconstructing past developments either in single sociocultural systems, or in clusters of systems, such as social organization, or social stratification in general. This study has employed the detection and documentation of processes as a research strategy to get the aim that is reconstruction of ancient Iranian medical system.
As article shows the scientific aspect of this tradition was dominant over other aspects. In this tradition great emphasis was placed on personal hygiene in individuals and cleanliness of one’s environment.
Full Text: PDF
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Asian Social Science ISSN 1911-2017 (Print) ISSN 1911-2025 (Online)
Copyright © Canadian Center of Science and Education
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'ccsenet.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:01:58.000Z
|
ihdwcrehsbaiwhm6exdnzspi4nfni2jn
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34683",
"uncompressed_offset": 40413571,
"url": "ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/view/7936",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijef/article/view/7936"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Practice and Standard of Corporate Governance in the Nigerian Banking Industry
Wumi K. Olayiwola
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to examine practice and standard of corporate governance in Nigeria using banking industry as a case-study. The consolidation of the banking industry in 2004 necessitated a review of the code of corporate governance for the Nigerian Banks. The recent Global Financial Crisis, Asia Crisis and the bitter experience of banks distress and failure, suggest that Nigeria needs to take stock of its corporate governance capacity. This paper reviews the practice of corporate governance in the banking sector of Nigeria and uses OECD Corporate Governance Assessment Instrument to analyze the standard of corporate governance in Nigeria. The analysis clearly shows a divergence between the code of corporate governance and its compliance. More importantly, for Nigeria to reap the benefits of effective corporate governance and build a sustainable public confidence in the banking industry there is need to strengthen the enforcement mechanism of the regulatory institutions. It is important to restore the confidence of the average shareholder in the capacity of the judicial system to help him enforce his rights.
Full Text: PDF
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
International Journal of Economics and Finance ISSN 1916-971X (Print) ISSN 1916-9728 (Online)
Copyright © Canadian Center of Science and Education
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'ccsenet.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:02:37.000Z
|
xeakvcx6k2sitxfekcjmjzse6awwffz6
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34714",
"uncompressed_offset": 90517627,
"url": "familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Carlsbad_New_Mexico_Family_History_Center",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Carlsbad_New_Mexico_Family_History_Center"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Carlsbad New Mexico Family History CenterEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
This article describes the services and resources available at a Family History Center, a branch facility of the Family History Library.
(Add a brief paragraph about your center here and the area it serves. Information in italics below is guidance for you and should be deleted as you fill out the page. Remove italics from other text by selecting the text and clicking the "I" box in the Toolbar above.)
Contents
Center Contacts and Hours
Location & Map:
1. (Address)
2. (Include information about your center that would be helpful for first time visitors such which entrance in the building to use, parking, etc. Use as many or as few bullet points as needed.)
3. (Link to map using Google or other map sites)
Phone:
E-mail:
Open Hours:
Holiday Schedule:
Calendar and Events
Upcoming Events
Class Schedule
Staff Training Meetings
Center Resources
Collections
• Family History Library Catalog: This center has the ability to order any of the films and fiche available through the Family History Library Catalog.
• (List additional collections you have such as the types of books and microfilm you have on indefinite loan; though you will not want to list every single item you have. Just give visitors to this page a general idea of your resources.)
Databases and Software
• FHC Portal This center has access to the Family History Center Portal page which gives free access in the center to premium family history software and websites that generally charge for subscriptions. (Note to FHC: Not all FHCs have access to this portal. If you do not, you will want to remove this entire bullet. If you do have access to it, just remove this text in italics.)
Hardware and Equipment
• (Include the resources you have to help individuals do their research - computers, microfilm readers, printers, etc. )
Center Services
Staff Research Specialties
(Include sections for any other services your center provides. Add additional sections for those services. See the Mesa and Logan FHC pages for examples.)
Resources in the Local Area
(This section is to highlight other resources in your area that will be helpful for individuals doing research there in your location, if there are any, such as government offices, historical societies, etc.)
Links
(Include links to other websites of interest to those who visit your center such as links to the city, county and state wiki pages where your center is located.)
Volunteer at the Center
(Include information here about the volunteers you are looking for.)
Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists.
Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams.
Did you find this article helpful?
You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in).
• This page was last modified on 11 April 2013, at 20:07.
• This page has been accessed 266 times.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:00:44.000Z
|
thiv4k5hsnx2tl72ghm2im5waqm5npfa
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34715",
"uncompressed_offset": 90541222,
"url": "familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?redirect=no&title=Maryland_Digital_Collections",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Maryland_Digital_Collections&redirect=no"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Maryland Digital CollectionsEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
Redirect page
Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists.
Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams.
Did you find this article helpful?
You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in).
• This page was last modified on 5 March 2013, at 16:43.
• This page has been accessed 25 times.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:49:59.000Z
|
km7pdou4q35y7g6jpljoylqrxjcjv55d
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34740",
"uncompressed_offset": 127518297,
"url": "josm.openstreetmap.de/ticket/7228",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://josm.openstreetmap.de/ticket/7228"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Modify
#7228 closed enhancement (fixed)
HTC Sensation uses / as date separator, date parsed wrong when geotagging
Reported by: hildenae@… Owned by: team
Priority: normal Component: Core
Version: Keywords: htc sensation date format slash
Cc:
Description
The to linked images are parsed as
• 01/08/0172 17:39:26
• 01/08/0173 21:26:35
when geotagging in JOSM (Timestamp from photo (read from EXIF))
They were taken 2012-01-05 and 2012-01-06. The time is correct.
Attachments (2)
IMAG0224.jpg (580.9 KB) - added by hildenae@… 17 months ago.
IMAG0223.jpg (174.5 KB) - added by hildenae@… 17 months ago.
Download all attachments as: .zip
Change History (5)
Changed 17 months ago by hildenae@…
Changed 17 months ago by hildenae@…
comment:1 Changed 17 months ago by Cobra
Last edited 17 months ago by Cobra (previous) (diff)
comment:2 Changed 17 months ago by simon04
Last edited 17 months ago by simon04 (previous) (diff)
comment:3 Changed 17 months ago by bastiK
• Resolution set to fixed
• Status changed from new to closed
Modify Ticket
Change Properties
<Author field>
Action
as closed .
as The resolution will be set. Next status will be 'closed'.
The resolution will be deleted. Next status will be 'reopened'.
Author
E-mail address and user name can be saved in the Preferences.
Note: See TracTickets for help on using tickets.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:00:16.000Z
|
im4p6n3apgccynj6vgawmgy3debcwll6
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34741",
"uncompressed_offset": 127638901,
"url": "journals.tdl.org/icce/index.php/icce/article/view/5306/0",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://journals.tdl.org/icce/index.php/icce/article/view/5306/0"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
LABORATORY EXPERIMENT ON LONG WAVE GENERATION BY TIME-VARYING BREAKPOINT
Satoru Nagase, Masaru Mizuguchi
Abstract
Laboratory experiment is conducted to investigate the long waves generated by time-varying breakpoint. We focus our attention on the variation of plunging point as well as the variation of breaking point. The results show that free long waves (BFLW) are really generated by the variation of the starting point of wave set-up which coincide with the plunging point and that the BFLW observed can be quantitatively evaluated by Mizuguchi(1995) model, which is more direct and realistic model. The generation mechanisms of long waves of other origins, such as bound long waves to wave groups and free long waves generated during shoaling process of wave groups, are also discussed.
Keywords
laboratory experiment; wave generation; long waves
Full Text: PDF
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:37:28.000Z
|
lcllskkj4xohrgmwv7iwghfrncryeust
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34749",
"uncompressed_offset": 137329418,
"url": "lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-developers/2006-February/002965.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://lists.maemo.org/pipermail/maemo-developers/2006-February/002965.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
[maemo-developers] [maemo-developers] Identifiers instead of English strings
From: Murray Cumming murrayc at murrayc.com
Date: Fri Feb 17 17:20:54 EET 2006
On Fri, 2006-02-17 at 06:51 -0600, David D. Hagood wrote:
> Murray Cumming wrote:
> > Is there some explanation somewhere about the use of these strange
> > identifiers instead of English strings in the maemo source code. What is
> > the advantage?
> >
>
> Internationalization (I18N) - the strings are kept in a set of separate
> files, one for each language. The code then accesses that file to get
> the string. Thus, you create a new file, and suddenly your app speaks
> Spanish.
How is this different to gettext(), with which English is normally used
as the source language?
--
Murray Cumming
murrayc at murrayc.com
www.murrayc.com
www.openismus.com
More information about the maemo-developers mailing list
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:33:48.000Z
|
346q6fsjkuhnw6lqsoauayuwh7pgfvfg
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34767",
"uncompressed_offset": 158076995,
"url": "myrightword.blogspot.co.il/2011/02/first-germany-then-spain-then-uk-and.html",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://myrightword.blogspot.co.il/2011/02/first-germany-then-spain-then-uk-and.html"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Friday, February 11, 2011
First Germany, Then Spain, Then UK and Now France: Multiculturalism Goes Minor
The wave rolls on.
First, it was Merkel in Germany.
Then Aznar in Spain.
Then it was Cameron in England.
And now...Sarkozy of France:-
"My answer is clearly yes, it is a failure," he said in a television interview when asked about the policy which advocates that host societies welcome and foster distinct cultural and religious immigrant groups.
"Of course we must all respect differences, but we do not want... a society where communities coexist side by side
.
Hello, America? You on to this?
P.S.
And as for Russia:-
For Russia the thesis about the failed co-existence of various cultures is unacceptable, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev said. "We must not let ourselves be provoked into discussions over the failure of multiculturalism," he said at a meeting with heads of ethnic cultural organizations and ethnographists in Bashkortostan on Friday.
Currently, there is a lot of debate on this subject in Europe, Medvedev said. "If we talk about the failure of multiculturalism, then traditions can be destroyed, which is a dangerous thing and European nations should also understand this," he said.
But, is falafel a symbol of multiculturalism gone bad? In Australia it does, it seems.
^
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:32:16.000Z
|
3jkt7rjiivxytaoft6p3ozdxxjdsmcht
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34779",
"uncompressed_offset": 184844800,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/15680/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/15680/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
For me, the principal fact of life is the free mind. For good and evil, man is a free creative spirit. This produces the very queer world we live in, a world in continuous creation and therefore continuous change and insecurity. A perpetually new and lively world, but a dangerous one, full of tragedy and injustice. A world in everlasting conflict between the new idea and the old allegiances, new arts and new inventions against the old establishment. Cary, Joyce
This quote is about freedom · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Cary, Joyce ...
Joyce Arthur Cary (born Arthur Joyce Lunel, December 7, 1888 - March 29, 1957) was an Irish novelist and artist.
These people bookmarked this quote:
• Nobody has bookmarked this quote yet.
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:28:24.000Z
|
miuqucvmjgsrv3i3hwyb2ppp3sndlz2l
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34780",
"uncompressed_offset": 184851178,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/28073/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/28073/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
People deal too much with the negative, with what is wrong. Why not try and see positive things, to just touch those things and make them bloom? Thích Nhat Hanh
This quote is about negativity · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Thích Nhat Hanh ...
Thích Nhat Hanh (born October 11, 1926) is a Buddhist monk, teacher, author, poet and peace activist now based in France.
These people bookmarked this quote:
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:40:29.000Z
|
me3nru6lje6lz6ej4wa42gautdqu6ldc
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34781",
"uncompressed_offset": 184857585,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/18587/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/18587/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do.
Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote
Some cause happiness wherever they go; others whenever they go. Wilde, Oscar
Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote
Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ...
Choose something popular ...
Make a custom wrapped canvas ...
Make custom holiday cards ...
Make custom t-shirts ...
Make custom holiday gifts for boys ...
Make custom holiday gifts for girls ...
Make custom holiday gifts for men ...
A selection of more great products and gifts!
212 - The Extra Degree
The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212°
Click here to buy this »
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:48:05.000Z
|
lt4b7nsk5vub3yxjuir5crgf75xqk642
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34783",
"uncompressed_offset": 190153435,
"url": "rocwiki.org/Webster_Hots",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://rocwiki.org/Webster_Hots"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Webster Hots
Info Map
Search:
Location
55 East Main Street, Webster, NY, 14580
Hours (as of May 2009)
Monday - Thursday: 10:00AM to 12:00AM
Friday - Saturday: 10:00AM to 3:00AM
Sunday: 11:00AM to 9:00PM
Phone
585 265 0824
Accessible
Info Needed
Website
http://WebsterHots.com
Reviews
2009-05-17 Democrat & Chronicle Webster Blog review
Webster Hots, on East Main Street in Webster Village serves plates, ice cream, and related fare. Aims to more family-friendly than most typical gritty hots places; they have TVs, a few arcade games (including Ms. Pac-Man and a claw machine), and WiFi.
Comments:
Note: You must be logged in to add comments
2009-08-13 15:36:42 I visited this relatively new (looks like they opened in May) hots place in Webster for lunch today, and was pretty impressed. The atmosphere is different from most typical hots places; very bright and clean. Their plate was good, too; good mix of everything, with hot sauce on the spicier side. And you can play Ms. Pac-Man while you wait, too. —FranRogers
2010-01-20 09:33:06 Webster Hots' hot sauce packs a little more punch than others. It has a more complimentary sauce then some who over use cumin. I really like this place. The guys who run it are pleasant and will change the TV channels when my friend's kids join us for lunch. They also accept credit cards which is great if you forget to hit the ATM before you go and don't want to pay a fee to take money out of their machine. This is a great place. —WayneArthurton
2012-04-07 12:06:33 The fish fry I got wasn't very good. The batter they use is too thick and doesn't cut with a fork like I get at other places. Fries are mediocre too. —DamianKumor
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:44:50.000Z
|
tkj6csutqvot6hlkhdmepf2eylwlkoj2
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34827",
"uncompressed_offset": 250413053,
"url": "wiki.osgeo.org/index.php?action=history&title=User%3AGnolasco",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://wiki.osgeo.org/index.php?title=User:Gnolasco&action=history"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Revision history of "User:Gnolasco"
From OSGeo Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
Diff selection: mark the radio boxes of the revisions to compare and hit enter or the button at the bottom.
Legend: (cur) = difference with latest revision, (prev) = difference with preceding revision, m = minor edit.
Personal tools
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:21:39.000Z
|
ibtdl5spkopoocldpkc357wayy6n6ive
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34829",
"uncompressed_offset": 250677787,
"url": "wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=1532329&title=Ecuador",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Ecuador&oldid=1532329&diff=prev"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
Difference between revisions of "Ecuador"
From Wikitravel
South America : Ecuador
Jump to: navigation, search
m (Reverted edits by Ecuadormycountry2010 (Talk) to last version by Texugo)
(Eat: added cuy image and bolded entries)
Line 249: Line 249:
Smoking is allowed in most restaurants, but the law explicitly prohibits smoking in closed areas, so it's a good idea to ask for a smoking section, or ask if the restaurant allows smoking.
Smoking is allowed in most restaurants, but the law explicitly prohibits smoking in closed areas, so it's a good idea to ask for a smoking section, or ask if the restaurant allows smoking.
Locro de papa is a famous Ecuadorian soup with avocados, potatoes and cheese.
+
[[Image:Cuy.jpg|thumb|300px|Cuy or Guinea Pig]]
+
'''Locro de papa''' is a famous Ecuadorian soup with avocados, potatoes and cheese.
Ceviche is a common dish found on the coast. It is a cold seafood cocktail that is usually served with "chifles," thin fried plantains, and popcorn.
+
'''Ceviche''' is a common dish found on the coast. It is a cold seafood cocktail that is usually served with "chifles," thin fried plantains, and popcorn.
Encebollado is a hearty fish soup with yuca, also found on the coast: A tomato-fish soup filled with chunks of yucca, marinated vegetables with "chifles" thrown in for added crunch.
+
'''Encebollado''' is a hearty fish soup with yuca, also found on the coast: A tomato-fish soup filled with chunks of yucca, marinated vegetables with "chifles" thrown in for added crunch.
In the Highlands, Ecuadorians eat cuy, or guinea pig. The entire animal is roasted or fried and often served skewered on a stick.
+
In the Highlands, Ecuadorians eat '''cuy, or guinea pig'''. The entire animal is roasted or fried and often served skewered on a stick.
Empanadas are also a common local food that are usually consumed as snacks in the afternoon. The most common varieties of this filled pastry are cheese and/or chicken.
+
'''Empanadas''' are also a common local food that are usually consumed as snacks in the afternoon. The most common varieties of this filled pastry are cheese and/or chicken.
==Drink==
==Drink==
Revision as of 22:21, 30 August 2010
[[File:|250px|frameless|Ecuador]]
Location
[[File:|250px|frameless]]
Flag
[[File:|108px|frameless]]
Quick Facts
Capital Quito
Government Republic
Currency US dollar (USD)
Area total: 283,560 km2
water: 6,720 km2
land: 276,840 km2
Population 14,573,101 (July 2009 est.)
Language Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)
Religion Roman Catholic 95%
Electricity 110-220V/60Hz (USA & European plugs)
Country code +593
Internet TLD .ec
Time Zone UTC-5
Ecuador is a country in Northwestern South America, with a Pacific Ocean coastline, lying on the Equator between Colombia, to the northeast, and Peru, to the south and east.
Cotopaxi is the world's highest active volcano. Many cities and sites are integrated in the prestige Unesco World Heritage Sites. Such cities and best known places are the Galapagos Islands, and the city of Cuenca.
Contents
Understand
The "Republic of the Ecuador" was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Venezuela). Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999.
Radio and Television
Radio and/or television is available in Spanish except in some of the particularly remote areas. English-language movies usually are shown in the original language with Spanish subtitles. Many hotels have cable television that may include English-language stations and/or premium movie channels that feature subtitled movies in their original languages.
Newspapers and Magazines
Spanish-language newspapers and magazines can be purchased on the streets of cities but can be hard to find elsewhere. Some hotels catering to foreigners may have a small selection of English-language reading material.
Money
Ecuador adopted the United States dollar (USD) as its currency in 2000.
Climate
Tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
Regions
Amazon Rainforest
Andean Highlands
Coastal Lowlands
Galapagos Islands
Isolated archipelago that is world-renowned for its unique wildlife and Darwin's evolution research.
Cities
• Quito - Second highest capital of the world with a well preserved colonial center
• Baños- The adventure capital of Ecuador at the foot of an active volcano having small eruptions of ash and lava. Volcano Tungurahua. There are also many hot spring mineral baths as its name would imply.
• Cuenca - The third largest city in Ecuador and listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Trust site
• Guayaquil - Largest city in the country and largest port city
• Loja - The oldest colonial city
• Otavalo - Small town only two hours north of the capital famous for its Saturday market of indigenous crafts and livestock
• Ibarra - Town of 100,000 inhabitants halfway between Quito and the northern border.
• Riobamba - Starting point of the famous train ride down the Nariz del Diablo and gateway to Mount Chimborazo, Ecuador's highest peak
Other destinations
• Canoa - Small Beach Town
• Esmeraldas - One of the most popular beaches in Ecuador.
• Guamote - A cosy and authentic Andesvillage though easy accessible.
• Mindo - Excellent bird watching in a cloud forest setting.
• Puyo - Jungle town
• Salinas - Beautiful beaches, and great little ocean-front restaurants
• Tena - Jungle town
National Parks
Get in
By express provision of the Lord President of the Republic, from Friday June 20, 2008, citizens of any nationality may enter Ecuador without a visa and stay for a period of ninety days, principle of free movement of persons and to strengthen relations between Ecuador and all countries of the world, and promote tourism, however, Colombian citizens must present their valid passport in addition to the last court order to enter Ecuador. Chinese citizens need to approach the consulate for incorporation of a stamp in the passport before entry to Ecuador. [1]
By plane
Quito's airport has an executive lounge shared by all the airlines with drinks, snacks, and seating areas. The view is not of the airplanes and runway, but there is a view of the airport entrance and the surrounding mountains. Business class travelers get a free invitation.
Another port of entry is Guayaquil, which has a modern airport that includes the typical amenities such as restaurants and duty-free shopping. The airport is located north from downtown.
The Galapagos Islands are one of the Ecuadorian provinces and have two airports, one of which is on Baltra and the other is on San Cristobal. Aerogal is the name of the airline which flies to Galapagos. All the flights are through the mainland.
The Quito airport charges an international departure tax of $40.80. The tax is $26 from Guayaquil. This tax usually is not included in the cost of the flight.
By train
There are no international train services into Ecuador.
By car
Driving into Ecuador is discouraged. It is preferable to enter the country by airplane or boat because of the frontier issues with neighboring countries.
By bus
To/from Colombia
The only crossing between Ecuador and Colombia is at Rumichaca near Tulcan and Ipiales.
To/from Peru
There are several places to cross the border with Peru, though Huaquillas (near Machala gets the vast majority of the tourist crossings. Macara and La Balsa (near Zumba) are the other options.
By boat
Since Ecuador is situated at the coast and has some very large rivers, a boat ride can be a nice way to get around. Especially in the rainforest a boat ride can get you to places you usually wouldn't be able to go.
Get around
The best way to discover the wonders of the four regions of Ecuador is through a Tour Operator.
By bus
Intercity buses travel to almost everywhere in Ecuador. Many cities have a central bus terminal, known as the terminal terrestre, where it is possible to buy tickets from the various bus lines that serve the city. Long-distance buses typically cost from $1 to $2 per hour, depending on the distance and the type of service; groups may be able to negotiate discounts. Buses are frequent along major routes. Reservations or advance purchases usually aren't needed except during peak periods such as holidays. The bathroom on the bus, if any, is usually reserved for women. However, it is permissible for men to request that the bus make a stop so that they might relieve themselves. The bus rides themselves are often quite beautiful, through mountain views in the clouds. These altitude changes cause many of the same ear pressure problems which are associated with an airplane ride.
The bus driver will stop along the way to board additional passengers. Many buses arrive at their destination with passengers standing in the aisle. There are a few first class buses, called "Ejecutivo", which cost a little more than the regular busses. They are generally more comfortable and safer.
By taxi
Taxis are widely available. Taxis are generally yellow and have the taxi license number prominently displayed. Taxis in Quito have meters (fares under $1 are rounded up to the minimum fare of $1). Agree upon a price before getting in or ask the driver to use the meter (often cheaper than a negotiated rate); short trips generally don't cost more than $1 or $2, and you generally shouldn't end up paying more than $10 per hour, if that, for longer trips. Evening rates are often double. As with any country in Latin America, (or the world for that matter), don't ride an unlicensed taxi. It's a great way to get kidnapped.
By hitchhiking
Hitchhiking is possible in Ecuador. A lot of people drive pick-ups which you can easily throw your backpack into if they give you a lift.
On roads not frequently serviced by buses, cargo trucks may take on riders or hitchhikers, either to ride in back or in the cabin. In some cases the driver charges the going bus fare, in others he may simply be taking on a rider for the company and refuse a fare.
Talk
Spanish is the official language. Amerindian languages (especially Quichua) are generally spoken in the more rural, mountainous villages. English is widely spoken in hotels, restaurants and other businesses that cater to high-end travelers. Ecuadorians are friendly and generally tolerant of foreigners who attempt to speak Spanish but make mistakes.
See
Do
The capital Quito, is a city with a lot of history where you can walk in downtown, enjoying the beautiful colonial buildings. There is also the "Teleférico" (cable-car) which takes passengers from the highest mountain in Quito to see the whole city from the sky. Regular admission is $4 per person or you can pay $7 for an express ticket that bypasses the line. There are many welcoming cafes as well as many dancing clubs open every weekend, often until 5AM.
In Guayaquil, an excellent place to visit is the Malecón 2000, which is very similar to Navy Pier in Chicago, Illinois, offering food, shopping, boat rides and a beautiful view of the river. Except for electronics, prices are quite low; however, almost everything sold with any sort of brand name is a knockoff. This area is very well patrolled and quite safe. For a real adventure, it is possible to visit the more authentic, less expensive, and far more dangerous Bahía or "Informal Market". It is not advisable to visit it without a native. It is possible to purchase a knockoff of almost anything here. Pirated video games and movies also abound; it is possible to purchase game systems modified to play such games as well. Make the proprietors prove to you that any movies or games you might purchase actually work before buying though. In the Bahía, it is necessary to haggle for all items.
Baños is the perfect city for the outdoors or extreme sports enthusiast, offering rafting, mountain climbing and backpacking excursions of all sorts. It is possible to get an English speaking guide. Be sure to get all the necessary vaccinations, as it is possible to get some nasty infections from prolonged exposure to the water. Baños also offers a public hot spring mineral bath, which only charges $1 admission. Other, more expensive baths also exist, but are fed from the exact same water. It is best to arrive at these baths as they open, as the water is freshest and cleanest then.
Ibarra -and the whole Imbabura province- is about a 90mins ride from Quito and offers many touristic activities such as community tourism, adventure tours (rafting, swing jumping, kayaking, trekking, etc) and indigenous visits. The most recommended places in Imbabura to visit are: Ibarra, Otavalo, Intag and Cotacachi
The north of Ecuador offers the best beaches, including Bahia de Caraquez, Manta, Crucita, San Jacinto, and San Clemente. They offer very inexpensive hotel accommodations, great food and friendly people.
Ecuador is perhaps the most bio-diverse country in the world. The Galapagos Islands are justly famed for their wildlife, but there is also lots to see on the mainland. Ecuador has over one hundred different types of hummingbirds. Good places to see them include Cuyabeno Wild Life Reserve, Mindo and San Luis de Pambil.
Montañita Town In the coast, 3 hours from Guayaquil, This is a growing town with many particularies which makes it great to visit: Goog Beach and incredible surroundings, the people, incredible nightlife, and surf. There are many people who live in the town permanently from all over the world.
Cinema
One way to work on your Spanish skills is to go to a movie. Films in modern theaters cost about $3 to $4 in the larger cities, less in smaller towns. Foreign films are typically shown in the original language with subtitles - but not always, so ask first.
Learn
Spanish Classes
Quito is a great place to learn Spanish. Quite a few private Spanish academies exist. Quality varies greatly, so check reviews online. Two Ecuadorian universities, described below, offer semester length Spanish as a Second Language classes for foreigners. These are ideal if you are serious about learning Spanish and have the time to complete the full program. Successful completion of a university Spanish program may also allow to continue studying at that university or even to earn a degree. On the other hand, if you wish to learn Spanish while enjoying being on the beach, then Montañita is the best place to learn.
Language programs in Ecuador include:
• Academia Surpacifico in Manta and Quito [2]
• Ecuador Spanish Schools [3]
• LSE - Learn Spanish in Ecuador [4]
• Surf and Spanish School [5]
• Vida Verde - Learn Spanish in Quito [6]
• Study Spanish on the beach [7]
Formal University Study
While all universities in Ecuador can theoretically admit foreign students, most have onerous entry requirements and will not admit students for just a semester or two. Two universities -- Universidad San Francisco and Catholic University -- stand out for extending a welcome to foreign students, who can choose to study for a semester or even complete a full Bachiler's or Master's degree. Be sure to inquire about enrollment (matricula) costs which are usually above and beyond normal tuition. Obtain a student visa, if needed, before you enter Ecuador to study.
• Catholic University of Ecuador [8]
• Universidad San Francisco de Quito [9]
• Universidad Israel
• Universidad Politécnica Nacional
• Universidad Central del Ecuador
Buy
Ecuador uses the U.S. dollar as its currency. Other types of currency are not readily accepted.
U.S. paper money is used for most transactions. Ecuador has its own coins, which are exactly the same size and weight as U.S. coins up through 50-cent pieces; both they and U.S. coins are used. U.S. Sacagawea dollar coins are also widely used, more so than in the U.S. Susan B. Anthony dollars, however, are not generally accepted. Many merchants examine large bills ($10 and above) carefully to make sure they aren't counterfeit. Outside of tourist areas and Quito, many merchants do not keep large amounts of money on hand, so getting change for bills large and small may be difficult. This is especially true on cheaper buses. Take lots of one and five dollar bills with you; you will also want to bring the newest possible bills. Worn bills are often regarded with suspicion, and it is not uncommon for a merchant to ask you to pay with another bill if the one you handed them appears old or worn.
Travelers' checks can be exchanged at some (but not all) banks for a reasonable fee (usually not more than 3 percent). They are also accepted at some hotels that cater to tourists, although it is difficult to use them elsewhere. There is often a surcharge added to use traveler's checks.
Credit and debit cards are accepted at many places that cater to tourists as well as at some upscale shops. However, many places charge a commission for their use as reimbursement for what the banks charge them. You may be asked to show your passport when using a credit or debit card.
Automated teller machines are widely available in major cities and tourist areas. Most claim to be tied in with major international networks, in theory making it possible to withdraw money from foreign accounts. Depending on the transaction fees charged by your bank at home, ATMs offer very good exchange rates. Be aware that you may have to try quite a few different machines before receiving money. TIP: Banco Austro is the only national bank chain that doesn't charge a withdrawal fee. The others have learned a cue from the States, and typically charge $1 or more per transaction. Avoid using ATMs on the street as their users are frequently targeted by street thieves. Hotels or other places with a guard nearby are your best choices.
Prices vary widely in Ecuador. Costs at upscale hotels and restaurants seem to be close, maybe 10 percent less, to what they would be in the United States. Outside of tourist areas, costs are much less. It is possible to get a meal at a clean restaurant for under $2 or to pay less than $10 for a clean but basic hotel room.
Even though Ecuador is a very beautiful country, it does not know how to sell itself very well. In Quito, a very famous touristic site is El Mercado Artesenal where many souvenirs can be found but after a thorough look around you will realize that there is a bit of redundancy in the items in the sense that everyone is basically selling the same thing. Therefore, after buying a few main items it becomes difficult to find much more variety. Almost everything that can be bought has a price that can be bargained. If you are not a native, they will try and get higher prices out of you, which is why it is recommended to go with someone who is either fluent in Spanish or native to bargain more effectively.
Eat
Throughout the country there is a lot of variety as to what is typically eaten, depending on the location. In the Sierra, rice almost always accompanies lunch and dinner, and in the coast potatoes are popular. Soup is also a big part of lunch and dinner. Breakfasts often consist of toast, eggs and juice or fruit. Batidos, or fruit shakes, are popular breakfast items or snacks.
Restaurants run the gamut in terms of menu, quality, hygiene, hours and price. Basic meals can be had for less than $2, or it is possible to pay close to U.S. prices in the tourist areas, especially for food from the American chains.
If you're on a budget, your best bet for a good and local meal is to order an almuerzo (lunch) or a merienda (dinner). These normally consist of a soup, a meat main course and a dessert for $1-$2.
More expensive restaurants (say, ones that charge $4 per meal or more) often add a 12% sales tax and a 10% service fee.
Coffee or tea (including many herbal varieties) is typically served after the meal unless you ask for it sooner.
Except at places that cater to foreigners, it is the custom not to present the diner with the bill until it is requested. While many servers are used to rude tourists, rubbing your fingers together isn't as accepted as in Europe although it's not considered downright rude as in the United States. The best way to get the check is to tell your server "La Cuenta, Por Favor."
Smoking is allowed in most restaurants, but the law explicitly prohibits smoking in closed areas, so it's a good idea to ask for a smoking section, or ask if the restaurant allows smoking.
Cuy or Guinea Pig
Locro de papa is a famous Ecuadorian soup with avocados, potatoes and cheese.
Ceviche is a common dish found on the coast. It is a cold seafood cocktail that is usually served with "chifles," thin fried plantains, and popcorn.
Encebollado is a hearty fish soup with yuca, also found on the coast: A tomato-fish soup filled with chunks of yucca, marinated vegetables with "chifles" thrown in for added crunch.
In the Highlands, Ecuadorians eat cuy, or guinea pig. The entire animal is roasted or fried and often served skewered on a stick.
Empanadas are also a common local food that are usually consumed as snacks in the afternoon. The most common varieties of this filled pastry are cheese and/or chicken.
Drink
Bottled water is very common and is safe to drink; it comes con gas (carbonated) and sin gas (non-carbonated). Water from the tap is unsafe to drink. Even Ecuadorians generally only drink bottled (or boiled) water.
Coffee is widely available in cafes and restaurants, and also sold in bean form. Tea is also common, usually with a good selection including herbal.
Fruit juice is plentiful and good, and you will often have many options: piña (pineapple), mora (blackberry), maracuyá (passion fruit), naranja (orange), sandía (watermelon), naranjilla (a jungle fruit), melon, taxo, guanabana, guava, etc. If you'd like it made with milk, sort of like a less-frozen milkshake, ask for a batida. Note that often juices are served lukewarm.
Aguardiente, often made from fermented sugar cane, is the local firewater. If possible, have some ground freshly into your cup from the sugarcane.
Sleep
There are many low-cost hostels that can be found throughout Ecuador. Often, the hostels in smaller towns are actually privately owned homes that welcome travellers. As with most things, natives can help you find an excellent hotel at a very low price ($6-14). Again, large groups will be able to bargain for lower prices. Air conditioning is an amenity which often comes at an extra cost of a dollar or two a night.
Ecuador is also home to an increasing number of Eco Lodges, including many renovated, traditional Haciendas.
Haciendas of Ecuador
Stay safe
Tourists should use common sense to ensure their safety. Avoid problems by not flashing large amounts of money, not visiting areas near the Colombian border, staying away from civil disturbances and not using side streets in big cities at night. Probably the biggest threat in most places is simple thievery: Belongings should not be left unguarded on the beach, for example, and pickpockets can be found in some of the more crowded areas, especially the Trolébus (Metro) in Quito, in bus terminals and on the buses themselves. Buses allow peddlers to board briefly and attempt to sell their wares; however, they are often thieves themselves, so keep a close eye out for them. Hotel personnel are generally good sources of information about places that should be avoided.
You can always ask tourist police officers, police officers or in Tourist information center for the dangerous regions.
Ecuador offers great opportunities for hiking and climbing, unfortunately, some travelers have been attacked and robbed in remote sections of well known climbs - several rapes have also been reported so female hikers/climbers need to be extremely careful. Travelers are urged to avoid solo hikes and to go in a large group for safety reasons.
Stay healthy
Ecuador is widely considered to be a developing country and health hazards are a significant issue. Of the most significant are foodborne illnesses, though they can easily be treated with digestive drugs such as antacids or antidiarrheals.
Bottled water is key in Ecuador if you don't want to get sick. This doesn't only apply to foreigners who don't have the stomach for Ecuadorian food but also Ecuadorians who know that if they don't boil their water or drink it from the bottle that they can get very sick. As a result, it can be purchased almost everywhere (even in the most remote places) for well under $.25-.50. Water bottles are sometimes provided by hostels and hotels, which can be used for brushing teeth.
It is advisable to receive a typhoid vaccination, and possibly a yellow fever vaccination, depending on your specific area of travel.
Outside the major cities and tourist areas, malaria can be a problem along the coast during the rainy season.
Respect
The common greetings are "Buenos días", "Buenas tardes" or "Buenas noches", (Good morning, Good afternoon, and Good evening, respectively). It usually is complemented by a handshake, between men, and by a kiss on the cheek between women or between a man and a woman. "Hola" is the most common greeting between friends and acquaintances. Note that, as in most Latin American countries, it's considered normal and polite to stand quite close to the other person while talking.
If you speak Spanish with Ecuadorians commoners, take note of the difference between the two forms for the pronoun "you": the informal "tú" and the formal "usted". It's customary to address older people and people with whom you're not familiar with "usted". Ecuadorans are generally forgiving of non-native speakers, but use "usted" when in doubt.
Among many other cultural idiosyncrasies, in the Sierra regions it is considered impolite to use a downward-facing palm as a reference for the height of a person. Instead, the hand is held on its side, and the measurement taken from the lower edge to the floor. Gesturing with the palm down is appropriate for animals only.
When motioning for someone to "come here," it is impolite to motion your hand with the palm facing up. Instead, use a downward swipe of the hand with the palm facing down.
Acceptable clothing varies by region of the country. In the mountainous Sierra region, including Quito, clothes are usually more warm because of the weather. On the coast, meanwhile, more casual clothes predominate.
Contact
Internet
Internet cafes can be found nearly everywhere in the major cities and in many of the smaller ones. Cost is from $1 to $2 per hour in the large cities, and the better places have high-speed access. In some cafes, restaurants, and hotels you can find free wifi access, most of them protected by passwords; in most cases, you just have to ask for the password.
Telephone
For most visitors, the easiest place to make phone calls is an Internet cafe, most of which provide VOIP service at reasonable rates. You can call the United States for about $0.10 per minute and Europe for a bit more. Avoid making a phone call through an operator; the cost cost for an international call can be $3 or more per minute. For calls within Ecuador, it is possible to use a telephone cabin. This is an entire storefront filled with telephones. Generally, you are assigned a booth by the proprietor, you make your call, then you pay as you leave. Calls within Ecuador are more expensive than domestic calls in most countries, but not unreasonable, except for calls to cell phones, which generate most of their revenue by charging the caller. Also, call prices increase depending on the distance of your call within Ecuador, based on city, province, etc. Visitors making an extended stay should consider purchasing a cell phone. Most are sold on a prepaid-call basis, and phone refill cards can be purchased in all but the smallest towns. It is also possible to get a modern GSM cellular phone "unlocked" so that it will function in Ecuador (you can take your own phone, if it compatible with GSM 850MHz), however, this should be reserved for emergencies as the cost of actually making such a call is usually exorbitant (about $0,45 per minute).
This article is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
feeds
Destination Docents
Toolbox
In other languages
other sites
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:53:16.000Z
|
qmxmkj57phix2msq3cmdtjtfljd2gojp
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34830",
"uncompressed_offset": 250758145,
"url": "wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?hidelinks=1&title=Special%3AWhatLinksHere%2FMaracas_National_Park",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Special:WhatLinksHere/Maracas_National_Park&hidelinks=1"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
Pages that link to "Maracas National Park"
Jump to: navigation, search
What links here
Filters Hide transclusions | Show links | Hide redirects
No pages link to Maracas National Park.
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Views
Actions
Navigation
feeds
Toolbox
In other languages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:19:02.000Z
|
ltdw72ef6tdzarncmldthpmwb62c34r3
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34837",
"uncompressed_offset": 259518113,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ViewContent?Action=Expand&Num=3.3.10&view=DOSSbyTopic",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ViewContent?readform&view=DOSSbyTopic&Action=Expand&Num=3.3.10"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Methods & Standards > Directory of Statistical Sources by Topic > Construction
Directory of Statistical Sources by Topic
Housing Finance
Australian Housing Survey
Building Approvals
General Social Survey
Housing Finance for Owner Occupation
Income and Housing (Survey of)
New Lending Activity (Coverage Collection)
Population Survey Monitor
Rental Investors Survey
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:22:11.000Z
|
qgstghe26mmhdxyjeh7be5whbzjztyqd
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34838",
"uncompressed_offset": 259524459,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/26E804CC68B21A56CA257441001F4635",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/26E804CC68B21A56CA257441001F4635?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
4391.0 - Hospitals, Australia, 1962
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 05/11/1963
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
• About this Release
Comprehensive set of national statistics relating to the hospitals.
Previously 4301.0
This publication has been converted from older electronic formats and does not necessarily have the same appearance and functionality as later releases.
This publication has been scanned from the paper version using character recognition software. This provides a full-text searching capability once downloaded.
Users are warned that historic issues of this publication may contain language or views which, reflecting the authors' attitudes or that of the period in which the item was written, may be considered to be inappropriate or offensive today.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:46:47.000Z
|
rt32ljc4zaelblqwgu6322mwitanrjkw
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34839",
"uncompressed_offset": 259531479,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/C6F680580395D1ABCA256D02007ECD47",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/C6F680580395D1ABCA256D02007ECD47?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
4513.0 - Criminal Courts, Australia, 2001-02
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 09/04/2003
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
MEDIA RELEASE
April 9, 2003
Embargoed: 11:30 AM (AEST)
2003
More than 70% of guilty defendants received a custodial order
More than one in two (54%) defendants proven guilty in Australia's Higher Criminal Courts in 2001-02, received a custodial order to be served in a correctional facility or in the community and 17% received a custodial order involving a fully suspended sentence as their principal sentence type, according to figures released today by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.
Of the defendants who received a non-custodial order as their principal sentence type, the most common for both males and females was a community supervision or community work order (70% and 73% respectively).
Of the 17,997 finalised Higher Criminal Court defendants in 2001-02, approximately 85% (15,229) were finalised by adjudication (proven guilty or acquitted). Of these adjudicated defendants:
• Nearly one in two (48%) were males aged between 20-34 years. Males represented nearly nine in ten (88%) adjudicated defendants;
• Almost three quarters were in five principal offence categories, including: acts intended to cause injury (including assault) (20%); unlawful entry with intent (including burglary and break and enter) (14%); offences related to robbery and extortion (13%); illicit drug offences (13%); and offences related to sexual assault (10%);
• Males were more likely than females to have a principal offence related to sexual assault (12% of males and 1% of females), while females were more likely to have a principal offence related to deception (6% of males and 17% of females);
• Guilty pleas accounted for 84% of adjudicated finalisations, while the remaining 16% (2,474) were subject to a trial outcome. Of all trial outcomes, approximately half were found guilty; and
• Less than one in ten (8%) were acquitted, however this proportion varied across the principal offence categories, ranging from 25% for sexual assault to 2% for deception.
Further information is in Criminal Courts, 2001-02 (cat. no. 4513.0).
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:51:31.000Z
|
bwcmzk3kpnmtkuabluebxzpg6wgsqxsc
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34840",
"uncompressed_offset": 259539325,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/second%2Blevel%2Bview?issue=Mar+2005&prodno=3401.0&prodno=3401.0&tabname=Related+Products&viewtitle=Overseas+Arrivals+and+Departures%2C+Australia~Mar+2005~Previous~06%2F05%2F2005",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/second+level+view?ReadForm&prodno=3401.0&viewtitle=Overseas%20Arrivals%20and%20Departures,%20Australia~Mar%202005~Previous~06/05/2005&tabname=Related%20Products&prodno=3401.0&issue=Mar%202005&num=&view="
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
3401.0 - Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia, Mar 2005
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 05/06/2005
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:40:38.000Z
|
2gbuszitwlk475r2awwmktxkerxwvjft
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34847",
"uncompressed_offset": 299290268,
"url": "www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/4/1",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/4/1"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Research article
Reversibility of stress-echo induced ST-segment depression by long-term oral n-3 PUFA supplementation in subjects with chest pain syndrome, normal wall motion at stress-echo and normal coronary angiogram
Nicola Gaibazzi* and Vigilio Ziacchi
Author Affiliations
Cardiology Department, Ospedale Civile di Desenzano del Garda, Desenzano del Garda (BS), Italy
For all author emails, please log on.
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2004, 4:1 doi:10.1186/1471-2261-4-1
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/4/1
Received:7 November 2003
Accepted:23 March 2004
Published:23 March 2004
© 2004 Gaibazzi and Ziacchi; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
Abstract
Background
Normal coronary arteries may coexist with abnormal coronary and systemic endothelial function in patients with chest pain. Recent work by the renowned Pisa echo-group elegantly suggests that isolated ST-segment depression during stress-echo (SE) can be used as a marker of coronary endothelial dysfunction, in the absence of stress-inducible wall motion abnormalities and in the absence of angiographically-significant coronary artery disease (CAD). The long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to possess several properties that may positively influence vascular function. The present study's hypothesis is that a 4 month-course of oral supplementation with n-3 PUFAs can reverse endothelial dysfunction.
Methods
Subjects were selected on the basis of the following criteria: 1) reported chest pain syndrome, 2) significant ST-segment depression during an otherwise normal SE, 3) absence of angiographically-significant CAD. Subjects underwent a 4-month course of oral supplementation with commercially available n-3 PUFA, 1 g once a day. Normalization of endothelial dysfunction was defined, at the end of the supplementation period, by the absence of significant ST-segment depression during repeat SE. We tested the aforementioned hypothesis in a very small series of consecutive subjects, with the intent to produce a hypothesis-generating study.
Results
Seven out of the total nine subjects enrolled (77.8%) had normal ST-segment during repeat SE performed after the 4 month course of therapy.
Conclusions
A striking rate of reversion of SE-induced ST-segment depression after oral n-3 PUFAs suggests reversion of coronary endothelial dysfunction; nonetheless these data need to be validated in larger, placebo-controlled studies.
Keywords:
echocardiography; endothelium; microcirculation; stress; vasodilation; ST segment depression; n-3 PUFA
Background
Normal coronary arteries may coexist with abnormal coronary and systemic endothelial function in patients with chest pain [1]. The functional status of systemic endothelium somewhat mirrors the coronary endothelial function [2,3] and can be evaluated non-invasively with brachial ultrasound [4]. A novel, provocative paper by the Pisa echo-lab group [5,6], suggests that endothelial dysfunction strictly correlates with ST-segment depression (STSD) during pharmacologic (as well as exercise) stress, while epicardial coronary artery stenosis exclusively affects wall motion abnormalities (WMA), although both components may coexist; they demonstrated that abnormal brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (measured with brachial artery ultrasound) was predicted by STSD during SE but not by either presence of WMA during SE or angiographically significant CAD. There was no correlation between brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and extent of angiographical CAD.
Therefore isolated STSD during SE could be used as a surrogate for coronary endothelial dysfunction, in the absence of stress-inducible WMA and in the absence of angiographically-significant CAD.
The majority of cardiovascular benefits of PUFAs are likely to be mediated in the vascular wall and at the vascular endothelium level. The long chain PUFAs have been reported to possess several properties that may positively influence vascular function. These include favorable mediator profiles (nitric oxide, eicosanoids) that influence vascular reactivity, change in vascular tone via actions on selective ion channels [7], and maintenance of vascular integrity. In addition to direct effects on contractility, PUFAs may affect vascular function by modifying expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. These properties may explain the beneficial cardiovascular protection of this family of fatty acids that have been clearly evident through epidemiological data as well as from few clinical trials [8,9].
Although many epidemiological surveys and basic research studies have suggested that "marine fish oil" cardioprotective effect is consistent and at least partly mediated through an action on the endothelium, no large clinical intervention trial has yet addressed the effect of commercially-available PUFAs preparations on a clinically-measurable direct marker of coronary endothelial dysfunction in normocholesterolemic subjects [10,11]. A small, randomized study performed in hypercholesterolemic subjects suggests a positive effect of 4-month marine oil supplementation on brachial artery endothelium-mediated vasodilation.[12]
The present study's hypothesis is that a 4 month-course of oral supplementation with PUFAs can reverse coronary endothelial dysfunction. Eventual "normalization" of endothelial dysfunction was measured, at the end of the supplementation period, by the absence of both significant STSD and WMA during repeat SE.
Methods
Patients were enrolled in the study if they met the following inclusion criteria: (1) chest pain syndrome; (2) reference for SE; (3) presence of STSD (strict ECG criteria were applied: a) STSD ± 1 mm 0.08 s after the J point in the peripheral leads and/or b) STSD ≥ 2 mm 0.08 s after the J point in the precordial leads) during a SE with no changes in wall motion score, (4) coronary angiogram performed within 20 days after SE, (5) no nitrate therapy at the time of SE.
When meeting the aforementioned entry criteria, patients had their total cholesterol measured by means of a standard whole-blood sample.
Subjects were referred for SE because of one of the following: (a) patients with positive exercise-ECG in concomitance with conditions lowering the positive predictive value of the ECG marker of ischaemia (for instance, female gender or arterial hypertension); (b) patients with recurring chest pain in the absence of significant electrocardiographic changes during routine exercise-ECG; (c) patients unable to exercise. All of the patients underwent dipyridamole SE.
The following were exclusion criteria: (1) uninterpretable resting ECG (left bundle branch block, preexcitation, baseline STSD or elevation > 1 mm, or typical digitalis repolarization pattern); (2) technically poor acoustic window; (3) cardiomyopathy or severe valvular disease; (4) previously detected CAD; (5) statin therapy; (6) high total cholesterol levels (defined as total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl as suggested by current NCEP guidelines).
The study was approved by the institutional review board. All patients gave their written informed consent before entering the study.
Stress echo was performed with dipyridamole up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 min with atropine up to 2 mg when needed; stress echo was repeated using the same protocol after a 4-month course of oral supplementation with commercially available (Seacor®, Esapent®, Eskim®) n-3 PUFA at a dose of 1 g once a day. An imaging system with digital acquisition was used (GE-Vivid 7). All standard echocardiographic views were obtained when possible. The left ventricle was divided into 16 segments, as suggested by the American Society of Echocardiography. Segmental wall motion was graded as follows: normal = 1; hypokinetic = 2; akinetic = 3; and dyskinetic = 4. Inadequately visualized segments were not scored. Stress echo was considered positive when one left ventricular segment was increased by one grade or more at peak stress. Normalization of coronary endothelial dysfunction was defined as isoelectric ST segment 0.08 s after the J point in the peripheral leads and STSD < 0.5 mm 0.08 s after the J point in the precordial leads during repeat SE with no WMA.
Coronary angiography in multiple views was performed according to the standard Judkins or Sones technique.
The percent diameter stenosis was determined by quantitative coronary angiography. A vessel was considered to have significant obstruction if its diameter was narrowed by 50% or more, with respect to the pre-stenotic tract.
Results
Nine consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled according to inclusion/exclusion criteria during the time period between January 2003 and June 2003. Three patients (out of the 12 who fulfilled entry criteria) were excluded because of the presence of at least one exclusion criteria (2 subjects had high total cholesterol levels as per protocol defined and one was already on statin therapy).
Five patients were male (55%); mean age was 60(± 5).
Four patients (44%) had hypertension (treated with ACE-inhibitors, ARBs, diuretics or combinations of them), 3(33%) had diabetes (treated with a combination of metformin and a sulfonylurea), 2(22%) had total cholesterol levels in the range between 200 mg/dl and 240 mg/dl (defined as borderline high by current NCEP guidelines), 3(33%) were active smokers. None was under antiischaemic therapy (beta-blocker and/or non-dihydropiridinic calcium antagonist) at the time of SE testing. All of the patients maintained their usual therapy througout the study time period, with no exceptions.
All but 2 subjects had normalization of STSD during repeat SE performed after the 4 month course of therapy. Of the two subjects still presenting STSD at repeat SE, one was hypertensive and non-diabetic while the other was diabetic but non-hypertensive).
Discussion
We tested the study hypothesis in a small series of consecutive subjects, with the intent to produce a small hypothesis-generating study; testing the hypothesis in a large, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was felt premature, both because we used an innovative, but not definitely validated marker of coronary endothelial dysfunction and because lack of strong clinical data about the effect of PUFAs supplementation on human coronary endothelium.
Our study, as any small "proof of concept" study, has many limitations:
1) It is a prospective, non-randomized, uncontrolled interventional study, 2) it is performed in a very small group of subjects, 3) it is suggestive for a positive-reversal effect of PUFAs on isolated, angiographically-negative STSD during SE, but even if recent data strongly suggest this clinical pattern to be linked with coronary endothelial dysfunction (5,6), this is not a direct measure of endothelial function and, also, no data exist demonstrating that reversal of STSD indicates normalization of coronary endothelial dysfunction.
Of course no subgroup analysis can be performed in such a small group of subjects, even if it is interesting that non-responders (2 out of 9 subjects) consisted of one hypertensive, non-diabetic subject and one diabetic non-hypertensive subject, suggesting that inefficacy of therapy may not be linked to the presence/absence of these clinical conditions.
Even if evidence is strong for a negative prognostic effect of coronary endothelial dysfunction on mortality, atherosclerosis progression and plaque instability [13], coronary endothelial function is to date difficult to measure on clinical grounds: hence it is obvious cardiologists prefer to dilate what they can clearly see (epicardial stenosis) rather than pharmacologically engage what they can not measure (endothelium).
An easy to obtain, clinically useful marker of coronary endothelial dysfunction such as isolated STSD during SE in the absence of visible CAD would be very welcome in the cardiology arena, while the striking effect exerted by PUFAs in this small study would be even more valuable.
Conclusions
Striking rate of reversion of stress-induced ST-segment depression after oral n-3 PUFAs suggests reversion of coronary endothelial dysfunction; nonetheless these data need to be validated in larger, placebo-controlled studies utilizing direct measurements of coronary endothelial function.
Competing interests
None declared.
Authors' contributions
NG conceived the study and materially performed echocardiographic examinations, VG participated in the coordination of the study and revision of the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
References
1. Egashira K, Inou T, Hirooka , Yamada A, Urabe Y, Takeshita A: Evidence of impaired endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilation in patients with angina pectoris and normal coronary angiograms.
N Engl J Med 1993, 328:1659-64. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
2. Anderson TJ, Uehata A, Gerhard MD, Meredith IT, Knab S, Delagrange D, Lieberman EH, Ganz P, Creager MA, Yeung AC: Close relationship of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations.
J Am Coll Cardiol 1995, 26:1235-41. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
3. Takase B, Uehata A, Akima T, Nagai T, Nishioka T, Hamabe A, Satomura K, Ohsuzu F, Kurita A: Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease.
Am J Cardiol 1998, 82:1535-9. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
4. Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch VM, Spiegelhalter DJ, Miller OI, Sullivan ID, Lloyd JK, Deanfield JE: Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis.
Lancet 1992, 340:1111-15. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
5. Palinkas A, Toth E, Amyot R, Rigo F, Venneri L, Picano E: The value of ECG and echocardiography during stress testing for identifying systemic endothelial dysfunction and epicardial artery stenosis.
Eur Heart J 2002, 23(20):1587-95. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
6. Preda I: Differentiation between endothelial dysfunction and epicardial coronary artery stenosis with the aid of stress ECG and echocardiography. A novel return of the old ECG!
Eur Heart J 2002, 23(20):1561-2. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
7. Ye D, Zhang D, Oltman C, Dellsperger K, Lee HC, VanRollins M: Cytochrome P-450 Epoxygenase Metabolites of Docosahexaenoate Potently Dilate Coronary Arterioles by Activating Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002, 303(2):768-76. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
8. Abeywardena MY, Head RJ: Longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood vessel function.
Cardiovasc Res 2001, 52(3):361-71. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
9. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico
Lancet 1999, 354:447-55. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
10. Kromhout D, Bosschieter EB, de Lezenne Coulander C: The inverse relation between fish consumption and 20 year mortality from coronary heart disease.
N Engl J Med 1985, 312:1205-9. PubMed Abstract
11. Goode GK, Garcia S, Heagerty AM: Dietary supplementation with marine fish oil improves in vitro small artery endothelial function in hypercholesterolemic patients: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.
Circulation 1997, 96:2802-7. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
12. Goodfellow J, Bellamy MF, Ramsey MW, Jones CJ, Lewis MJ: Dietary supplementation with marine omega-3 fatty acids improve systemic large artery endothelial function in subjects with hypercholesterolemia.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2000, 35(2):265-70. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
13. Halcox JP, Schenke WH, Zalos G, Mincemoyer R, Prasad A, Waclawiw MA, Nour KR, Quyyumi AA: Prognostic value of coronary vascular endothelial dysfunction.
Circulation 2002, 106(6):653-8. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2261/4/1/prepub
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:04.000Z
|
xbiudohkveu7hp5jnqnb3vzwvotmdjxn
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34848",
"uncompressed_offset": 300565004,
"url": "www.bizsugar.com/OnlineMarketing/actionable-seo-tips-for-small-businesses-part-1-%E2%80%93-title-tags-/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.bizsugar.com/OnlineMarketing/actionable-seo-tips-for-small-businesses-part-1-%E2%80%93-title-tags-/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Want to get some more search traffic to your website but don't have the dollars to hire an expert? Here are some simple starting points you can tackle on your own and some free tools to help.
Subscribe
Martina Iring @martinairing Dumps Desk Job for Dream
It's a popular fantasy. After working that same old soul sucking job for year after year, one day 9-to-5ers simply … More
Editor's Picks
Got small business blog posts? Register and submit them today!
See if you're one of our Top 10 Members this week!
Shazam! Meet Contributor of the Week Paul Cox...Congrats, Paul!
Add BizSugar buttons and plugins to your small biz toolkit!
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:48:13.000Z
|
wf5x7jlswywoma43cfkmeafq2dshvvk2
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34855",
"uncompressed_offset": 333753390,
"url": "www.comics.org/series/17999/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.comics.org/series/17999/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Holyoke, 1943 Series
Published in English (United States)
Publication Date:
[circa 1943]
Number of Issues Published:
1
Format:
Standard color U.S. comic, but with a newsprint cover.
Series Details:
Indicia Publishers:
• without indicia publisher information (1 issue)
Notes
Same as Veri Best Sure Shot Comics?
Editing
Index Status
Indexed Partially Indexed Pending Approval Reserved Skeleton Data Only
1
Cover Status
Scan available Needs Replacement No Scan available
1
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:19:58.000Z
|
se2toqam5udtjgokdhbuhbq5g2lppps5
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34858",
"uncompressed_offset": 342634333,
"url": "www.crummy.com/2001/9/4",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/2001/9/4"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
<D <M <Y
Y> M> D>
: Wowsers! Doc Searls (who must be in some sense the plural of philosopher of consciousness John Searle) points to a fascinating editorial on venture capitalists, the group whom engineers as a whole regard with that particular brand of contempt in which Marxism holds capitalists in general. It was better than Cats. I'm going to read it again and again.
I just commited a tiny bug fix to the Apache XML-RPC server. I have little bits of code in about 5 different projects now.
: Today I started a new component called Picayune (Bloom County reference) to hold Helm's news item functionality. Earlier I'd finished all the component UI integration framework (at least, all the integration that was neccessary to completely separate the document component from Helm instead of halfway separating it the way Jason did; more may be neccessary for other components). So now I can start moving code for creating software artifacts out of Helm and into components, where such code belongs.
[Main]
Unless otherwise noted, all content licensed by Leonard Richardson
under a Creative Commons License.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:51:28.000Z
|
pbfuoziipz7hztvl3yvkyxoyudsorjdy
|
{
"content_type": "application/xhtml+xml",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34869",
"uncompressed_offset": 428042591,
"url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/msi/2013/398259/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/msi/2013/398259/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents
Multiple Sclerosis International
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 398259, 7 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/398259
Clinical Study
Ultrahigh-Field MR (7 T) Imaging of Brain Lesions in Neuromyelitis Optica
1Multiple Sclerosis Care Center, Department of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
2Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
Received 22 November 2012; Accepted 23 December 2012
Academic Editor: Friedemann Paul
Copyright © 2013 Ilya Kister et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background. Brain lesions are common in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOsd) and may resemble lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives. To describe the imaging characteristics of supratentorial lesions in NMOsd on ultrahigh-field (7 T) MRI with special attention to vessel-lesion relationship. Methods. Ten NMOsd patients, all women and all seropositive for NMO IgG, with mean age of 51.3 ± 15.4 years and disease duration of 9.2 ± 6.4 years, were scanned at a 7 T whole-body human MR system with high-resolution 2D gradient echo sequence optimized to best visualize lesions and venous structures, T2- and T1-weighted imaging. Results. In 10 patients with NMOsd, a total of 92 lesions were observed (mean: 9.2 ± 8.8; range: 2–30), but only 8 lesions (9%) were traversed by a central venule. All lesions were <5 mm in diameter, and 83% were located in subcortical white matter. There were no lesions in the cortex or basal ganglia. Two patients exhibited diffuse periependymal abnormalities on FLAIR. Conclusions. Small, subcortical lesions without a central venule are the most consistent finding of NMOsd on 7 T MRI of the brain. Ultrahigh-field imaging may be useful for differentiating between NMOsd and MS.
1. Introduction
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has been traditionally considered a predominantly opticospinal disorder, but recent studies have shown that clinical spectrum of NMO includes cerebral and brainstem syndromes as well [13]. Brain lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are found in the majority of NMO patients with long-standing disease [1, 2, 46], which makes it sometimes difficult to differentiate this disorder from multiple sclerosis (MS).
Ultrahigh-field MRI (4 Tesla or above) affords an unprecedented view of brain structures and pathology in vivo on a submillimeter scale due to high signal-to-noise ratio [7, 8]. The largely enhanced susceptibility of ultrahigh-field MR effect provides unique contrast between lesions and veins. This feature makes ultrahigh-field MR a valuable tool for differentiating plaques of MS, which frequently contain a venule, from lesions of other etiologies that rarely do [9].
Our aim in this work is to characterize brain lesions in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOsd) using 7 T MR and to discuss the findings in the context of the growing literature on ultrahigh-field imaging in MS [919].
2. Methods
Inclusion criteria in the study were the diagnosis of NMO-spectrum disorders (NMOsd) defined either as NMO by 2006 Wingerchuk et al. criteria [20], or recurrent longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) with NMO IgG seropositivity, or recurrent optic neuritis (ON) with NMO IgG seropositivity. NMO IgG was measured at the Mayo Clinic Laboratory (Rochester, MN) by either immunohistochemical or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [21]. All nonbedbound NMOsd patients followed by the neurologists of the NYU-MS Center (I. K. and J. H.) were invited to participate in the study. For each patient, we collected the following information: gender, ethnicity, country of birth, age at symptom onset, disease duration at MRI, index event, number of optic neuritis and of transverse myelitis relapses, visual acuity and ambulatory status at last followup, NMOsd therapy, and presence and number of vascular risk factors (defined as history of smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or cardiovascular disease).
Ultrahigh-field imaging was carried out on a 7-Tesla whole-body human MR system (MAGNETOM, Siemens Medical Solution, Erlangen, Germany) at the Center for Biomedical Imaging/Radiology at NYU Langone Medical Center, which uses gradients of 45 mT/m with maximum gradient strength of 72 mT/m effective and a slew rate of 200 T/m/s (346 T/m/s effective). The head coil was used with a birdcage-like circularly polarized transmit coil and a 24-element phased array coil located on a close-fitting helmet-like device (Nova Medical, Inc., MA). The imaging protocol consisted of high-resolution axial 2D high-resolution T2*-weighted gradient echo (GRE), T2-weighted turbo spin-echo (TSE), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and sagittal T1-weighted 3D magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition of gradient-echo (MPRAGE) imaging. No contrast agent was applied. The total scan time was 41 minutes and 23 seconds. The parameters of T2*-weighted gradient echo (GRE) include TR/TE/flip angle = 580 ms/25 ms/35° and slice thickness = 2 mm, with slice gap of 2.6 mm with pixel of 0.23 × 0.23 mm2, which were optimized for better signal-to-noise and contrast between lesions and venous structures. For axial T2-weighted TSE, the acquisition parameters were TR/TE/flip angle = 14300/73 ms/144°; slice thickness = 2 mm; FOV = 200 × 187 mm2; matrix = 384 × 384 mm2. For axial SPACE FLAIR imaging, the acquisition parameters were TR/TE/TI = 8000/380/2100 ms; voxel size = 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 isotropic. For sagittal T1-weighted 3D MPRAGE, the acquisition parameters were TR/TE/TI = 2250/2.37/1100 ms, section thickness = 1 mm; FOV = 256 × 256 mm2, matrix = 384 × 384.
Infratentorial volume could not be reliably evaluated because our 7 T receive coil yielded poor signal-to-noise ratio in this region, and the examination was therefore limited to supratentorial region. Two experienced observers (Y. G. and I. K.) examined T2-weighted and 2D gradient echo (T2*) imaging sequences for presence of lesions. To reduce the possibility of misidentification, only the lesions that were present on both sequences were counted. For each lesion, we recorded lesion size, configuration, location, and presence or absence of central venule and of hypointense peripheral ring on T2* sequence. Lesion localization was defined as periventricular (<2 mm of ventricular border), juxtacortical (<2 mm from cortical ribbon), subcortical/deep white matter (>2 mm from cortex or ventricle, excluding corpus callosum), corpus callosum, cortex, and deep grey matter nuclei. Lesions were described as “perivenous” if they were seen to be traversed by a vein on T2* sequence [9]. We also recorded the pattern of periependymal abnormalities.
Groups were compared using Mann-Witney test for continuous variables.
Data collection was carried out according to protocol approved by the Institutional Review Boards of NYU-Langone Medical Center, and all patients gave informed consent in writing before participation.
3. Results
Ten patients agreed to participate in the study, six of whom were diagnosed with NMO [20] and four with limited forms of NMO. All patients were women and NMO IgG-seropositive. Demographic, disease-related, and radiologic characteristics of our NMOsd cohort are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Demographic, disease-related, and radiographic characteristics of the NMOsd cohort.
We observed lesions in every patient. The total number of lesions was 92 (mean number was 9.2 8.8; median: 6; range: 2–30). Seventy-six lesions (83%) were subcortical, 8 (9%) were juxtacortical, 3 lesions (3%) were found in corpus callosum, and 5 (5%) were periventricular (4 of which were adjacent to frontal horns of the lateral ventricles). We did not detect any lesions in the cortex or basal ganglia. All but three of the 92 lesions were <3 mm in cross-sectional diameter, and all lesions were <5 mm. The lesions generally appeared round on axial cross-sections (Figures 1(a)1(f)). None evidenced hypointense ring on T2* sequence. We also observed several “thread-like” lesions, and these were invariably hypointense on T1-weighted sequences (Figures 2(a)2(d)). Several lesions, which were <3 mm in cross-sectional diameter, could be seen on three consecutive slices, indicating that they were at least 6 mm long. In all, eight lesions (9%) were classified as “thread-like.” Two patients had diffuse periependymal abnormalities on T2-weighted sequences (Figures 3(a) and 3(b)). We did not observe any tumefactive or longitudinally extensive lesions in our patients.
Figure 1: Examples of typical lesions in NMOsd. Brain lesions on T2*-weighted GRE images with in-plane resolution of 0.2 × 0.2 mm2 in six patients with NMO. Most lesions (approximately 85%) (arrows in (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e)) are small, round-shaped, and located in subcortical regions without typical sign of central venule or perivenous migration as seen in MS lesions. Only a few lesions have visible central veins (arrowhead in (d); this particular lesion was seen in enhance with gadolinium on a conventional brain MRI study performed three years previously). Only 3% lesions are juxtacortical (long arrow in (f)).
Figure 2: Examples of “thread-like” lesions in NMOsd. Thread-like lesions in two patients. A thread-like lesion along the corpus callosum white matter tract instead of venous course in one patient on T2-weighted (a) and T2*-weighted GRE (b) images (long arrows). Another lesion in subcortical region on T2*-weighted GRE (c) and T1-MPRAGE (d) images (short arrow) in the second patient.
Figure 3: Examples of diffuse periependymal abnormalities. Abnormal and thickened signal intensities (arrows) along ependymal layers on FLAIR images in two patients ((a) and (b)).
Only eight lesions (9%) were traversed by a venule. Figure 1(d) shows an example of such lesion. Three perivenous lesions were seen in one patient with NMO who had a total of four lesions, and five patients had one perivenous lesion each.
The group with limited form of NMOsd, comprised of 4 patients, tended to have more lesions (mean: 13.4), compared to the six-patient NMO group (mean: 4.8), but the difference was not statistically significant (Mann-Whitney test, -two tailed = 0.35). We did not observe a trend for increasing lesion number with age, disease duration, or the number of vascular risk factors (Table 1).
4. Discussion
T2-weighted hyperintense lesions on 7 T MRI were observed in all ten NMOsd patients in our cohort. All but three of the 92 lesions were <3 mm in largest diameter. Nearly all lesions were round (Figure 1), but several lesions had a distinct, “thread-like” appearance on axial cross-section (Figure 2). We consider it unlikely that “thread-like” lesions represent dilated Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) because of their location, orientation, and signal characteristics. VRS are typically found in basal ganglia with penetrating arteries mostly from circle of Willis. They appear as round dots on axial plane with similar signal as CSF (i.e., brightly hyperintense spots on T2-weighted sequence) [22]. In contrast, “thread-like” lesions found in our NMO patients were observed mostly in juxtacortical white matter and corpus callosum, do not follow arterial course, and were not as bright as CSF on T2-weighted sequence. Thread-like lesion appearance has not, to our knowledge, been reported in other conditions, including MS, which is characterized by perivenous ovoid lesions [23].
With respect to lesion distribution, the overwhelming majority of lesions in NMOsd (~85%) were subcortical. The few discrete periventricular lesions were mostly located anterior to the frontal horns (Figure 1(d)) and were more extensive than the typical “periventricular caps” seen in healthy subjects [24]. Two of our patients exhibited diffuse periventricular abnormalities (Figure 3), which is notable in view of known rich expression of Aquaporin-4, the target of NMO IgG, in the ependymal layer [25]. In one patient (Figure 3(a)), splenium of the corpus callosum was affected in the “diffuse spreading” manner described as being characteristic of NMO in a Japanese cohort [26]. The discrepancy in the prevalences of diffuse spreading lesions in corpus callosum in our series (10%) and the Japanese series (71%) could perhaps be due to lesser degree of disability of our cohort, in which only 30% of patients required any kind of ambulatory assistance compared to the Japanese cohort, in which half of the patients needed ambulatory assistance. It is also possible that genetic background impacts phenotypic and radiographic expression of NMO. A patient from the Far East appears to manifest brain symptoms and large “NMO-specific” brain lesions more commonly than in the West [1, 2, 5].
Cortical lesions were not found in any of our patients in agreement with the recent radiographic studies that utilized double inversion recovery sequence [27] and ultrahigh-field MR [28] to image the cortex in NMO as well as a histopathologic study [29]. Absence of focal cortical lesions in NMOsd need not imply absence of other cortical pathology [30], but is helpful for differentiating NMO from MS, in which cortical lesions are increasingly recognized, especially with ultrahigh-field MR [1114].
Importantly, only 9% of NMOsd brain lesions in our series contained a central vessel. This is in stark contrast with MS, in which 60–80% of cerebral lesions visualized with ultrahigh-field MRI are traversed by a venule [9, 10, 15, 16]. Paucity of intralesional venules in our series is not contradictory to results of a study in which venules were detected in a high proportion of white matter lesions of any etiology on susceptibility weighted imaging [31]. The latter study focused exclusively on lesions >3 mm in diameter, while nearly all lesions in our series were ≤3 mm in diameter.
Absent histopathological correlation, it is impossible to be certain that brain lesions seen in our cohort are due to an NMO-specific pathogenic process. Some of the lesions could theoretically represent stigmata of “small vessel disease” (SVD), in itself a pathologically heterogeneous entity [32]. For a number of reasons, SVD origin of observed lesions seems to us to be less likely explanation. First, the finding of juxtacortical and corpus callosum lesions and the absence of basal ganglia lesions militate against SVD etiology. Secondly, “thread-like lesions” (Figures 2(a)2(d)) have not been described in SVD. Third, we could find no correlation between vascular risk factors and the number of brain lesions (Table 1) and observed small lesions in patients in their 20s and 30s with no vascular risk factors. Lastly, in at least three of our patients, a lesion on 7 T MRI was seen to enhance with gadolinium previously on a conventional MRI study (unpublished data). This observation supports inflammatory etiology for at least some of the lesions herein described. Whatever the pathogenesis of small subcortical lesions NMO may be, these “non-specific” lesions represent the most consistent feature of NMO on brain MRI [5].
Our data is broadly consistent with recently published findings of 7 T MRI of the brain in 10 German NMOsd patients [28]. The German NMOsd cohort was somewhat older than ours (46 years versus 42 in our group) but had a slightly shorter disease duration (7 years versus 9 years). Both groups were exclusively female, and all but one patient were NMO IgG seropositive. In neither ours nor the German NMOsd cohort were any cortical lesions observed, and the lesions that were present were predominantly small and subcortical. The proportion of perivenous lesions among the German NMOsd patients was higher than in our group (35% versus 9%), which may be related to the higher average number of lesions in their cohort (14 lesions versus 9 lesions in our group). Higher lesion number increases the probability of chance finding of a traversing vein. Importantly, in both cohorts, the number of perivenous lesions was significantly smaller than what is typically reported in MS (>80%) [8]. Finally, although hypointense ring, which is indicative of iron or hemosiderin deposition, is found in a significant minority of MS lesions [17, 28], it was only observed in one out of ten NMOsd patients in the German NMO cohort and none of our ten patients. This further supports differential brain lesion pathogenesis in MS and NMO.
Our work and that of Sinnecker et al. [28] demonstrate that small round subcortical lesion without a central venule or hypointense ring is the most characteristic feature on NMOsd on ultrahigh-field MRI. In contrast, the signature lesion of MS is oblong, periventricular, and traversed centrally by a venule [9, 10, 15, 16], corresponding to “Dawson’s fingers”, described pathologically almost a hundred years ago [33]. We suggest that the absence of “Dawson’s fingers” and cortical lesions on 7 T MRI in a patient with multiple, >9, T2 hyperintense lesions should alert the radiologist that diagnosis of MS is unlikely.
Ultrahigh-field imaging of brain in NMOsd provides strong supportive evidence that MS and NMO constitute two distinct nosological entities despite their predilection for the same organs. Ultrahigh-field brain MRI may prove useful for differentiating NMOsd from MS.
References
1. S. Jarius, K. Ruprecht, B. Wildemann, T. Kuempfel, M. Ringelstein, C. Geis, et al., “Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: a multicentre study of 175 patients,” Journal of Neuroinflammation, vol. 9, article 14, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
2. S. H. Kim, W. Kim, X. F. Li, I. J. Jung, and H. J. Kim, “Clinical spectrum of CNS aquaporin-4 autoimmunity,” Neurology, vol. 78, no. 15, pp. 1179–1185, 2012.
3. B. F. G. Popescu, V. A. Lennon, J. E. Parisi et al., “Neuromyelitis optica unique area postrema lesions: nausea, vomiting, and pathogenic implications,” Neurology, vol. 76, no. 14, pp. 1229–1237, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
4. S. J. Pittock, V. A. Lennon, K. Krecke, D. M. Wingerchuk, C. F. Lucchinetti, and B. G. Weinshenker, “Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica,” Archives of Neurology, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 390–396, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
5. J. A. Cabrera-Gomez and I. Kister, “Conventional brain MRI in neuromyelitis optica,” European Journal of Neurology, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 812–819, 2012.
6. S. H. Kim, S. Y. Huh, and H. J. Kim, “Brain abnormalities in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,” Multiple Sclerosis International, vol. 2012, Article ID 735486, 10 pages, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
7. A. G. van der Kolk, J. Hendrikse, and P. R. Luijten, “Ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging: the clinical potential for anatomy, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment planning in brain disease,” Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 343–362, 2012.
8. I. D. Kilsdonk, W. L. de Graaf, F. Barkhof, and M. P. Wattjes, “Inflammation high-field magnetic resonance imaging,” Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 135–157, 2012.
9. E. C. Tallantyre, J. E. Dixon, I. Donaldson et al., “Ultra-high-field imaging distinguishes MS lesions from asymptomatic white matter lesions,” Neurology, vol. 76, no. 6, pp. 534–539, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
10. K. Kollia, S. Maderwald, N. Putzki et al., “First clinical study on ultra-high-field MR imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis: comparison of 1.5T and 7T,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 699–702, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
11. N. Mistry, E. C. Tallantyre, J. E. Dixon, et al., “Focal multiple sclerosis lesions abound in ‘ normal appearing white matter’,” Multiple Sclerosis, vol. 17, no. 11, pp. 1313–1323, 2011.
12. A. Kangarlu, E. C. Bourekas, A. Ray-Chaudhury, and K. W. Rammohan, “Cerebral cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis detected by MR imaging at 8 tesla,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 262–266, 2007. View at Scopus
13. C. Mainero, T. Benner, A. Radding et al., “In vivo imaging of cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis using ultra-high field MRI,” Neurology, vol. 73, no. 12, pp. 941–948, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
14. K. Schmierer, H. G. Parkes, P. W. So et al., “High field (9.4 Tesla) magnetic resonance imaging of cortical grey matter lesions in multiple sclerosis,” Brain, vol. 133, no. 3, pp. 858–867, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
15. Y. Ge, V. M. Zohrabian, and R. I. Grossman, “Seven-tesla magnetic resonance imaging: new vision of microvascular abnormalities in multiple sclerosis,” Archives of Neurology, vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 812–816, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
16. K. E. Hammond, M. Metcalf, L. Carvajal et al., “Quantitative in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of multiple sclerosis at 7 Tesla with sensitivity to iron,” Annals of Neurology, vol. 64, no. 6, pp. 707–713, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
17. D. Pitt, A. Boster, W. Pei et al., “Imaging cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis with ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging,” Archives of Neurology, vol. 67, no. 7, pp. 812–818, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
18. E. C. Tallantyre, M. J. Brookes, J. E. Dixon, P. S. Morgan, N. Evangelou, and P. G. Morris, “Demonstrating the perivascular distribution of ms lesions in vivo with 7-tesla MRI,” Neurology, vol. 70, no. 22, pp. 2076–2078, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
19. T. Sinnecker, P. Mittelstaedt, J. Dörr et al., “Multiple sclerosis lesions and irreversible brain tissue damage: a comparative ultrahigh-field strength magnetic resonance imaging study,” Archives of Neurology, vol. 69, no. 6, pp. 739–745, 2012.
20. D. M. Wingerchuk, V. A. Lennon, S. J. Pittock, C. F. Lucchinetti, and B. G. Weinshenker, “Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica,” Neurology, vol. 66, no. 10, pp. 1485–1489, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
21. P. J. Waters, A. McKeon, M. I. Leite, et al., “Serologic diagnosis of NMO: a multicenter comparison of aquaporin-4-IgG assays,” Neurology, vol. 78, no. 9, pp. 665–671, 2012.
22. E. Matsusue, S. Sugihara, S. Fujii, E. Ohama, T. Kinoshita, and T. Ogawa, “White matter changes in elderly people: MR-pathologic correlations,” Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 99–104, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
23. A. L. Horowitz, R. D. Kaplan, G. Grewe, R. T. White, and L. M. Salberg, “The ovoid lesion: a new MR observation in patients with multiple sclerosis,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 303–305, 1989. View at Scopus
24. F. Fazekas, R. Kleinert, H. Olfenbacher et al., “Pathologic correlates of incidental MRI white matter signal hyperintensities,” Neurology, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 1683–1689, 1993. View at Scopus
25. P. Banker, S. Sonni, I. Kister, J. P. Loh, and Y. W. Lui, “Pencil-thin ependymal enhancement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders,” Multiple Sclerosis, vol. 18, no. 7, pp. 1050–1053, 2012.
26. T. Makino, S. Ito, M. Mori, T. Yonezu, Y. Ogawa, and S. Kuwabara, “Diffuse and heterogeneous T2-hyperintense lesions in the splenium are characteristic of neuromyelitis optica,” Multiple Sclerosis. In press.
27. M. Calabrese, M. S. Oh, A. Favaretto, et al., “No MRI evidence of cortical lesions in neuromyelitis optica,” Neurology, vol. 79, no. 16, pp. 1671–1676, 2012.
28. T. Sinnecker, J. Dörr, C. F. Pfueller, L. Harms, K. Ruprecht, S. Jarius, et al., “Distinct lesion morphology at 7-T MRI differentiates neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis,” Neurology, vol. 79, pp. 708–714, 2012.
29. B. F. G. Popescu, J. E. Parisi, J. A. Cabrera-Gómez, et al., “Absence of cortical demyelination in neuromyelitis optica,” Neurology, vol. 75, no. 23, pp. 2103–2109, 2010.
30. O. Ciccarelli, “Do cortical lesions help us to distinguish MS from NMO?” Neurology, vol. 79, no. 16, pp. 1630–1631, 2012.
31. N. Lummel, T. Boeckh-Behrens, V. Schoepf, M. Burke, H. Brückmann, and J. Linn, “Presence of a central vein within white matter lesions on susceptibility weighted imaging: a specific finding for multiple sclerosis?” Neuroradiology, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 311–317, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
32. V. G. Young, G. M. Halliday, and J. J. Kril, “Neuropathologic correlates of white matter hyperintensities,” Neurology, vol. 71, no. 11, pp. 804–811, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
33. J. W. Dawson, “The histology of disseminated sclerosis,” Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. 50, article 117, 1916.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:24:57.000Z
|
vs34kbyprkfcjceptgx32jjqts3eagvq
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34875",
"uncompressed_offset": 442790692,
"url": "www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/grace-boyle",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/author/grace-boyle"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
This new report released by Greenpeace has found that large clusters of coal fired power plants proposed in Vidarbha may bring down the future availability of water in the Wardha river by 40% and affect irrigation for about 1 lakh hectares of farmland in the future.
This Greepeace report is a documentation of 10 successful case studies from across India on how communities and individuals have used decentralised renewable energy to energise and empower their lives.
This report by Greenpeace looks at two projects in Bihar that are using decentralised renewable energy (DRE) to deliver energy services to the people. Says that DRE can plug the deficit and bring development to the state.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:25:56.000Z
|
wwnsf5rvsodttok2pu3t6j6rwyn44bmp
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34876",
"uncompressed_offset": 442803290,
"url": "www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/newspaper/usa-today-us?page=7",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/category/newspaper/usa-today-us?page=7"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Menu Foods, other pet food makers and retailers involved in last year's massive pet food recall will set up a $24 million cash fund to compensate pet owners, according to a proposed settlement filed Thursday in federal court. The fund is expected to compensate thousands of pet owners in the U.S. and Canada who bought recalled pet foods made by Menu and 11 others. The products had a contaminated ingredient from China that sickened dogs and cats.
The Federal Aviation Administration on Wednesday removed the smoking cessation drug Chantix from the list of medications considered safe for pilots and air-traffic controllers after a new study linked the medication to mental confusion and other problems that could put passengers at risk. FAA spokesman Les Dorr said the agency took that step after reviewing the study, which raises concerns about Chantix use by people operating vehicles. QUIT SMOKING: Social contacts are major motivators
China said the death toll from last week's powerful earthquake jumped to more than 51,000, while the government appealed Thursday for millions of tents to shelter homeless survivors. The confirmed number of dead rose to 51,151, a jump of almost 10,000 from the day before, Cabinet spokesman Guo Weimin told a news conference. Another 29,328 people remained missing and nearly 300,000 were hurt in the May 12 quake centered in Sichuan province, he said.
Not long ago, the fledgling ethanol industry was the darling of investors, farmers, the federal government and a lot of Americans who liked the idea of turning corn into fuel. Suddenly, it doesn't have nearly as many friends. RISING PRICES: Is a bubble brewing in super-hot commodities markets?
Giovanni Marchitelli has something to show Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi when Italy's leader arrives Wednesday: a month's worth of garbage piled next to his pizzeria. Marchitelli, 64, hopes that Berlusconi will force local officials to solve the continuing problem due to full landfills, or his family's pizzeria will be out of business. "We can't stand to work anymore because of the garbage smell," he says. "People won't stop and eat because of the garbage."
A growing wave of companies in all sectors
Heavy rainfall in the Southeast and record snowpack in the Rockies have eased dramatically the nation's worst drought in more than a century. Drought conditions are the least severe since January 2006. A quarter of the USA is suffering some form of drought today, down from 65% last summer, federal agencies said. In the Southeast, where drought has been most severe, the area in drought has plummeted from 86% in August to 40% today.
More commuters are turning to bicycles today for national Bike-to-Work Day as gas prices continue to reach record highs. "It's going to be the biggest yet," says Bill Nesper of the League of American Bicyclists, which promotes May as national Bike Month. "Our phone is ringing off the hook. We're getting lots of calls from around the country. People are doing this because of gas prices." No one tracks exactly how many Americans participate annually, but Nesper says more than 84 cities are expected to take part this year with rallies and other events.
To its critics, the $307 billion farm bill heading to President Bush's desk is the poster child for what John McCain and Barack Obama promise to change about Washington. At a time of soaring food prices and record farm income, the legislation would authorize billions in subsidies for wealthy agribusiness interests that give millions in political contributions. More than half the subsidies paid out from 2003 to 2005 went to 19 of the 435 congressional districts, according to the non-partisan Environmental Working Group, an opponent of the bill.
White House floats new climate proposal WASHINGTON (AP)
Pages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:52:59.000Z
|
6k3pttji5pfp5ezy5nbw5bzqnmyztt2u
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34879",
"uncompressed_offset": 447527631,
"url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/diffselect.cgi",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/diffselect.cgi?59818"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Bibliography: Deezee
You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed.
Title: Deezee
Author: James C. Glass
Year: 1992
Type: SHORTFICTION
Select 2 publications to diff:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:42:22.000Z
|
bj7yrs6jwxguklh7kk4tcxojydkbkspb
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34880",
"uncompressed_offset": 447534359,
"url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?1226807"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Bibliography: Perry Rhodan (1st Aufl.) - 2001
You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed.
Title: Perry Rhodan (1st Aufl.) - 2001
Authors: Robert Feldhoff and Klaus N. Frick and Rainer Castor
Year: 2001
Type: EDITOR
Series: Perry Rhodan (1st Aufl.)
ISFDB Record Number: 1226807
User Rating: This title has fewer than 5 votes. VOTE
Current Tags: None Add Tags
Publications:
Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff.
ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:20:23.000Z
|
vaulk465yv3sm6mgfxjn3l66bhwpaapb
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34891",
"uncompressed_offset": 493121130,
"url": "www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/2253",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/11/5/2253"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11(5), 2253-2266; doi:10.3390/ijms11052253
Article
Use of Empirical Correlations to Determine Solvent Effects in the Solvolysis of S-Methyl Chlorothioformate
1 Department of Chemistry, Wesley College, 120 N. State Street, Dover, Delaware 19901-3875, USA 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115-2862, USA
* Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 5 May 2010; in revised form: 12 May 2010 / Accepted: 24 May 2010 / Published: 25 May 2010
Download PDF Full-Text [252 KB, uploaded 25 May 2010 17:59 CEST]
Abstract: The specific rates of solvolysis of S-methyl chlorothioformate (MeSCOCl) are analyzed in 20 solvents of widely varying nucleophilicity and ionizing power at 25.0 °C using the extended Grunwald-Winstein Equation. A stepwise SN1 (DN + AN) mechanism is proposed in the more ionizing solvents including six aqueous fluoroalcohols. In these solvents, a large sensitivity value of 0.79 towards changes in solvent nucleophilicity (l) is indicative of profound rearside nucleophilic solvation of the developing carbocation. In twelve of the more nucleophilic pure alchohols and aqueous solutions, the sensitivities obtained for solvent nucleophilicity (l) and solvent ionizing power (m) are similar to those found in acyl chlorides where an association-dissociation (AN + DN) mechanism is believed to be operative.
Keywords: solvolysis; nucleophilicity; ionizing power; S-methyl chlorothioformate; chloroformates; thioesters; thiochloroformate; Grunwald-Winstein Equation; Linear Free Energy Relationships
Article Statistics
Click here to load and display the download statistics.
Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
D’Souza, M.J.; Hailey, S.M.; Kevill, D.N. Use of Empirical Correlations to Determine Solvent Effects in the Solvolysis of S-Methyl Chlorothioformate. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 2253-2266.
AMA Style
D’Souza MJ, Hailey SM, Kevill DN. Use of Empirical Correlations to Determine Solvent Effects in the Solvolysis of S-Methyl Chlorothioformate. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2010; 11(5):2253-2266.
Chicago/Turabian Style
D’Souza, Malcolm J.; Hailey, Stefan M.; Kevill, Dennis N. 2010. "Use of Empirical Correlations to Determine Solvent Effects in the Solvolysis of S-Methyl Chlorothioformate." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 11, no. 5: 2253-2266.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. EISSN 1422-0067 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:21:22.000Z
|
m5dk5oy5nomaklgtlhunhlppxmay2aqt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34892",
"uncompressed_offset": 493130229,
"url": "www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/8/7/2770",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/8/7/2770"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8(7), 2770-2797; doi:10.3390/ijerph8072770
Review
The Search for Reliable Biomarkers of Disease in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Other Environmental Intolerances
1 Tissue Engineering & Skin Pathophysiology Laboratory and 2nd Dermatology Division, Dermatological Research Institute (IDI IRCCS), Via Monti di Creta 104, Rome 00167, Italy 2 Natural Health Farm, 39 Jalan Pengacara U1/48, Seksyen U1, Temasya Industrial Park, Shah Alam Selangor 40150, Malaysia
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 11 April 2011; in revised form: 10 June 2011 / Accepted: 27 June 2011 / Published: 1 July 2011
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental and Food Allergy)
Download PDF Full-Text [286 KB, uploaded 1 July 2011 16:55 CEST]
Abstract: Whilst facing a worldwide fast increase of food and environmental allergies, the medical community is also confronted with another inhomogeneous group of environment-associated disabling conditions, including multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS), fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, electric hypersensitivity, amalgam disease and others. These share the features of poly-symptomatic multi-organ cutaneous and systemic manifestations, with postulated inherited/acquired impaired metabolism of chemical/physical/nutritional xenobiotics, triggering adverse reactions at exposure levels far below toxicologically-relevant values, often in the absence of clear-cut allergologic and/or immunologic involvement. Due to the lack of proven pathogenic mechanisms generating measurable disease biomarkers, these environmental hypersensitivities are generally ignored by sanitary and social systems, as psychogenic or “medically unexplained symptoms”. The uncontrolled application of diagnostic and treatment protocols not corresponding to acceptable levels of validation, safety, and clinical efficacy, to a steadily increasing number of patients demanding assistance, occurs in many countries in the absence of evidence-based guidelines. Here we revise available information supporting the organic nature of these clinical conditions. Following intense research on gene polymorphisms of phase I/II detoxification enzyme genes, so far statistically inconclusive, epigenetic and metabolic factors are under investigation, in particular free radical/antioxidant homeostasis disturbances. The finding of relevant alterations of catalase, glutathione-transferase and peroxidase detoxifying activities significantly correlating with clinical manifestations of MCS, has recently registered some progress towards the identification of reliable biomarkers of disease onset, progression, and treatment outcomes.
Keywords: multiple chemical sensitivity; chronic fatigue; fibromyalgia; electric hypersensitivity; amalgam toxicity; environmental medicine; detoxification; oxidative damage; environmental intolerances; disease biomarkers
Article Statistics
Click here to load and display the download statistics.
Cite This Article
MDPI and ACS Style
De Luca, C.; Raskovic, D.; Pacifico, V.; Thai, J.C.S.; Korkina, L. The Search for Reliable Biomarkers of Disease in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Other Environmental Intolerances. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 2770-2797.
AMA Style
De Luca C, Raskovic D, Pacifico V, Thai JCS, Korkina L. The Search for Reliable Biomarkers of Disease in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Other Environmental Intolerances. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2011; 8(7):2770-2797.
Chicago/Turabian Style
De Luca, Chiara; Raskovic, Desanka; Pacifico, Valeria; Thai, Jeffrey Chung Sheun; Korkina, Liudmila. 2011. "The Search for Reliable Biomarkers of Disease in Multiple Chemical Sensitivity and Other Environmental Intolerances." Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 8, no. 7: 2770-2797.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health EISSN 1660-4601 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:20:21.000Z
|
mj7vvxycs2adp5mos45gonss4hz4m26n
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34895",
"uncompressed_offset": 512775242,
"url": "www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/8/1/6/abstract",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/8/1/6/abstract"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Nano Express
Hybrid nanostructured coating for increased resistance of prosthetic devices to staphylococcal colonization
Ion Anghel1,2 and Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu3*
Author Affiliations
1 ENT, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia no.6, Bucharest 020956, Romania
2 Doctor Anghel Medical Center, Theodor Sperantia Street, Bucharest, 30932, Romania
3 Department of Science and Engineering of Oxidic Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Polizu Street no 1-7, Bucharest 011061, Romania
For all author emails, please log on.
Nanoscale Research Letters 2013, 8:6 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-8-6
Published: 2 January 2013
Abstract
Prosthetic medical device-associated infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality rates. Novel improved materials and surfaces exhibiting inappropriate conditions for microbial development are urgently required in the medical environment. This study reveals the benefit of using natural Mentha piperita essential oil, combined with a 5 nm core/shell nanosystem-improved surface exhibiting anti-adherence and antibiofilm properties. This strategy reveals a dual role of the nano-oil system; on one hand, inhibiting bacterial adherence and, on the other hand, exhibiting bactericidal effect, the core/shell nanosystem is acting as a controlled releasing machine for the essential oil. Our results demonstrate that this dual nanobiosystem is very efficient also for inhibiting biofilm formation, being a good candidate for the design of novel material surfaces used for prosthetic devices.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:46:48.000Z
|
7gxeyb7jax3soe6pzceikknqiepy7bj3
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34898",
"uncompressed_offset": 530664947,
"url": "www.ohloh.net/accounts/markhobley",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.ohloh.net/accounts/markhobley"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Contributions
No Contributions Found
About Me
Location
Birmingham, UK
Ohloh Activity
Joined Ohloh 03 Mar 2009
20 Ohloh website edit(s)
No forum posts.
No project reviewed.
Kudos
Copyright © 2013 Black Duck Software, Inc. and its contributors, Some Rights Reserved. Unless otherwise marked, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License . Ohloh ® and the Ohloh logo are trademarks of Black Duck Software, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:01:34.000Z
|
ihpif2euicviup5uklqa7dpqdgsgg5kv
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34922",
"uncompressed_offset": 676057123,
"url": "www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OR4N4",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/OR4N4"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
OR4N4
Jump to: navigation, search
Olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily N, member 4
Identifiers
Symbol(s) OR4N4; OR15-1; OR15-5
External IDs MGI3030566 Homologene72012
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 283694 258659
Ensembl ENSG00000183706 ENSMUSG00000057782
Uniprot Q8N0Y3 na
Refseq NM_001005241 (mRNA)
NP_001005241 (protein)
NM_146665 (mRNA)
NP_666876 (protein)
Location Chr 15: 19.88 - 19.88 Mb Chr 14: 49.2 - 49.2 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]
Olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily N, member 4, also known as OR4N4, is a human gene.[1]
Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.[1]
See also
References
Further reading
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40-5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Malnic B, Godfrey PA, Buck LB (2004). "The human olfactory receptor gene family.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (8): 2584-9. PMID 14983052.
External links
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. Template:Membrane-protein-stub
Navigation WikiDoc | WikiPatient | Popular pages | Recently Edited Pages | Recently Added Pictures
Table of Contents In Alphabetical Order | By Individual Diseases | Signs and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Lab Tests | Drugs
Editor Tools Become an Editor | Editors Help Menu | Create a Page | Edit a Page | Upload a Picture or File | Printable version | Permanent link | Maintain Pages | What Pages Link Here
There is no pharmaceutical or device industry support for this site and we need your viewer supported Donations | Editorial Board | Governance | Licensing | Disclaimers | Avoid Plagiarism | Policies
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
Toolbox
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T21:00:56.000Z
|
w5zud3xjl3fybh5fdpxt3h4wx62chfyt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34923",
"uncompressed_offset": 695335676,
"url": "www.zenbu.co.nz/entry/1137743-westgate-tab",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:02.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:5a4edd3b-a5b8-480b-95bb-2c6db0ec7332>",
"warc_url": "http://www.zenbu.co.nz/entry/1137743-westgate-tab"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
New Zealand (NZ) My Account
Westgate TAB
TAB outlet
Shop L12, Westgate Shopping Centre, Fernhill Drive, Massey, Waitakere
New Zealand
Phone: 09 833 7432
Nearest Zenbu Listings
Sponsored Links
About Zenbu
Zenbu is a collaboratively edited directory of businesses, places or things. You can help build Zenbu, edit this entry, report an error or email it to a friend.
Login required: Edit, Export, Add branch / neighbour / new
Zenbu ID 1137743, 290 views since 09/12/2008
Last updated 28/12/2008 by rodo
Map View | Street View
Map Loading...
Directions: From here - To here
Exactly here Near here; needs pinpointing Around here; mobile or no public location
This entry has been hand placed on the map
Latitude, Longitude = -36.819566, 174.613985
About Zenbu Forum Blog Twitter Facebook
Zenbu content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:49:17.000Z
|
bxmzyjjwrzudm2en6mxape4nvnkqsylr
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34925",
"uncompressed_offset": 2071602,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/3D89359A93CA1C6CCA25750100178951",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/3D89359A93CA1C6CCA25750100178951?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
6302.0 - Average Weekly Earnings, States and Australia, Aug 1988
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 22/12/1988
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
• About this Release
Continued by: Average Weekly Earnings, Australia
Previously: Average Weekly Earnings, Australia
Contains estimates of average weekly ordinary time earnings and average weekly total earnings for full-time adult employees and average weekly total earnings for all employees, classified by sector and state or territory and by industry at the Australian level, for males, females and persons.
This publication has been scanned from the paper version using character recognition software. This provides a full-text searching capability once downloaded.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:39:24.000Z
|
hqfeca6tygbnwpu6to6mjb3ylvohhknz
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34926",
"uncompressed_offset": 2078552,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/A85FAD843A8E78C1CA2570B30032CC2A",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/A85FAD843A8E78C1CA2570B30032CC2A?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
1367.5 - Western Australian Statistical Indicators, Mar 2003
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 09/04/2003
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
ABOUT THIS RELEASE
Replaces: Monthly Summary of Statistics, Western Australia (ISSN: 0727-2367).
Contains the most recent statistics for Western Australia covering: state accounts; prices; consumption; investment and finance; construction; trade; mining and energy; agriculture; tourism; labour market; population; crime; and social trends. Quarterly issues include an analysis of recent movements in key state data, as well as feature articles reviewing an aspect of Western Australia's economy and/or society.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:39:50.000Z
|
e6orjq4hg2kyjy2o6gyj7ct4u76cm46e
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34927",
"uncompressed_offset": 2085637,
"url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/1156AC1D706C75B8CA25709A001F3E1E",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/1156AC1D706C75B8CA25709A001F3E1E?opendocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
8501.0 - Retail Trade, Australia, May 2002
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 03/07/2002
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
• About this Release
ABOUT THIS RELEASE
Contains monthly estimates of turnover for retail and selected service establishments. Original, seasonally adjusted and trend estimates are included for states and Australia in current price terms. Volume measures are published quarterly classified by state or industry.
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:01:55.000Z
|
wog4spf4xkc4jzqovdgalmvebrebbgnv
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34949",
"uncompressed_offset": 39766039,
"url": "ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/view/1437",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ass/article/view/1437"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
The Triangular Issues in Multimedia Language Courseware Design in the Vietnamese Efl Environment
Long V Nguyen
Abstract
In this paper, among many issues pertaining to the design of EFL multimedia courseware, I would like to discuss three correlated major fields which are of utmost significance in accordance with the literature and my personal reflection on the present context of foreign language teaching and learning at the University of Danang (UD), Vietnam. The presentation will consist of three parts, including the exploration of potential users of a CALL product; what should be included and what strategies are needed for the selection of the contents of the product, and the essential criteria for the multimedia design. These are followed by a summary of the triangular issues.
Full Text: PDF
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Asian Social Science ISSN 1911-2017 (Print) ISSN 1911-2025 (Online)
Copyright © Canadian Center of Science and Education
To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the 'ccsenet.org' domain to your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:04:23.000Z
|
wkr2ka34s7jmgzwfzhqjscx7ky7p4wob
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34975",
"uncompressed_offset": 74710497,
"url": "elinux.org/index.php?oldid=76862&title=ECE497_Editing_a_Wiki",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=ECE497_Editing_a_Wiki&oldid=76862"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
ECE497 Editing a Wiki
From eLinux.org
Revision as of 01:50, 28 November 2011 by Yanj (Talk | contribs)
Jump to: navigation, search
Here is a wiki you can practice editing. Before you can edit it you will have to create an login. Pick something that will make it easy for me to identify you as part of my class. Then just add your name and date on the end of the table.
You can get help here: Help:Contents.
If you need help with syntax check out the eLinux guide or the Wikipedia Cheetsheet.
Mark A. Yoder 21-Nov-2011
Yuming Cao 21-Nov-2011
Michael Yuhas 21-Nov-2011
Yifei Li 22-Nov-2011
Ziyi Zhang 24-Nov-2011
David Zitnik 25-Nov-2011
Greg Harrison 26-Nov-2011
Mona J Yan 27-Nov-2011
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:50:20.000Z
|
lxuvrjjavty5bha52urpp7mojpqkjuve
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34976",
"uncompressed_offset": 74718035,
"url": "elinux.org/index.php?curid=14876&diff=189536&oldid=185504&title=RPi_Hub",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=RPi_Hub&curid=14876&diff=189536&oldid=185504"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Difference between revisions of "RPi Hub"
From eLinux.org
Jump to: navigation, search
m
(Translations)
Line 208: Line 208:
* English: [[R-Pi Hub]]
* English: [[R-Pi Hub]]
* French: [[FR:R-Pi Hub]]
+
* Français: [[FR:R-Pi Hub]]
* German: [[DE:R-Pi Hub]]
* German: [[DE:R-Pi Hub]]
* Greek: [[EL:R-Pi Hub]]
* Greek: [[EL:R-Pi Hub]]
Revision as of 01:34, 7 November 2012
Contents
Raspberry Pi Wiki Hub eng | fra | pt-br
Notice: The Raspberry Pi Wiki pages on this site is collaborative work - the Raspberry Pi Foundation is not responsible for content on these pages.
I need help with...
Buying a new Raspberry Pi
Please visit the Model Wizard to select your Raspberry Pi.
Booting an OS onto my Raspberry Pi
Please visit the OS Wizard to select your Raspberry Pi OS distribution, or if you'd like to compare the OS distros, visit OS Distributions page to select an OS to boot onto your Raspberry Pi.
Now shipping to customers
Update on lead times as of 28 October 2012: The lead time is around 23 days from Farnell and RS.
Don't have an idea on which to buy? Use the Model Wizard to select your Raspberry Pi!
See the Buying Guide on how to order one, or visit the Raspberry Pi Foundation Home Page
About
The Raspberry Pi production board (model B Rev 2.0)
The Raspberry Pi (short: RPi or RasPi) is an ultra-low-cost ($25-$35) credit-card sized Linux computer which was conceived with the primary goal of teaching computer programming to children. It was developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, which is a UK registered charity (Registration Number 1129409). The foundation exists to promote the study of computer science and related topics, especially at school level, and to put the fun back into learning computing. The device is expected to have many other applications both in the developed and the developing world (Read more).
Raspberry Pi is manufactured and sold in partnership with the worldwide industrial distributors Premier Farnell/Element 14 and RS Components.
• Products are RoHS, CE, FCC, CTick, CSA and WEEE compliant[1]. In common with all Electronic and Electrical products the Raspberry Pi should not be disposed of in household waste. Please contact the distributor from whom you purchased your Raspberry Pi device for details regarding WEEE in your country.
• Price: 25USD Model A, 35USD for Model B, excluding taxes, postage and packaging. For information about availability and shipping see the Buying Guide.
History
If you are interested in why the Raspberry Pi was created, and why it is what it is, check the General History page, which highlights relevant events in its history. It is not intended to be a detailed history, so it can be read quickly. You could also check the design changes page for how the Raspberry Pi has evolved, and the manufacturing differences page that may help if you are having problems with your board.
Getting Started
Buying Guide
The Model Wizard will help you select your model to buy.
Where can I get one and for how much?
• The Raspberry Pi can no longer only be purchased via their official distribution partners - detailed information can be found on the RPi Buying Guide page.
Basic Setup
First little Raspberry Pi Steps...
• Ensure you have all the equipment you need to go with your Raspberry Pi.
• Become familiar with the board layout and connect it ready for power up.
• If you have not been provided with a pre-setup SD card you will need to prepare one with your chosen Operating System distribution
• Note: On the Debian OS after you log in you need to type startx at the prompt to get a graphic desktop.
• Particularly after first boot its important to do a clean shutdown with the command sudo halt
Beginners Guide
You've just got your new Raspberry Pi device - what now?
• Get started with some basic projects and tutorials:
Raspberry Pi YouTube Tutorials
Another set of video tutorials
Easy GPIO Hardware & Software - in-progress at the moment
Example projects/tuts which can be linked from here
(or from within a beginners guide page perhaps):
Setup XBMC media centre
Programming tutorials (Liams YouTube etc)
Easy GPIO (when complete or similar thing).
Also links to some basic linux user guides.
• Take a look through the Community section, which contains a range of beginner and advanced tutorials and guides, as well as groups to help you find like-minded developers.
Resources
Hardware & Peripherals
Software & OS Distributions
The Raspberry Pi will run a range of OS Distributions and run a variety of software.
Documentation
Documentation relating to the Raspberry Pi can be found here.
Frambozenier.org Documentation Project Datasheets
Example documents which can be linked from here (or sub page):
Official Datasheets
White Papers
User Manuals
Recommended books (perhaps)
RPi Troubleshooting
Head over to the troubleshooting page for help fixing common problems.
RPi Bugs
Head over to the bugs page for a list of known bugs.
RPi Model B 3D CAD files
Theses are various 3D CAD Versions in both RAR and ZIP.
Community
Projects, Guides & Tutorials
• An important source of information and guides is the Official Forum.
• Knowledgeable users may want to review and help out with the Tasks page.
• Get started by following some of the many Tutorials.
• Common tasks and useful tips are available through the Guides page.
• Projects can be found, and added to, on the Projects page.
Schools, Universities, Clubs & Groups
• The Raspberry Pi Foundation's aims include encouraging education. Several groups including Computing At School aim to bring Computing Science back into schools.
• Go to the Education Page to add your project and find helpful links.
Supporting Communities
The Raspberry Pi Community is steadily growing:
About the RPi Wiki
Do not be afraid to add your bit, content is vital for the wiki to function.
A 3D rendering of the Raspberry Pi logo
We are governed by the RPi Wiki Council (RPWC). New guidelines not made by Ghans alone are currently being drafted. As the RPi wiki is currently a wreck, the council's current goal is to clean up the RPi Wiki!
Translations
The wiki is being translated into several languages, some of which can be seen on the hub banner above. Current languages include:
Any help translating would be greatly appreciated. Thank you to those who have already contributed!
Admins/Contributors
The wiki is governed by the Raspberry Pi Wiki Council.
References
1. http://www.element14.com/community/docs/DOC-44828/l/raspberry-pi-safety-data-sheet
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:33:05.000Z
|
k6w5geadxngmkb25lmgveerkr3vvaed3
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34986",
"uncompressed_offset": 83545591,
"url": "familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/American_Indian_Removal_Records",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/American_Indian_Removal_Records"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
American Indian Removal RecordsEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
United States American Indian Research Removal Records
Andrew Jackson officially established the policy of the federal government to remove the American Indians to an area beyond the Mississippi River where they would be "out of the way" of expanding settlement. Although the possibility of such a policy had been debated for some time, it was made official policy through the Indian Removal Act of 1830.
Several tribes were forcibly removed from their homelands to areas deemed unwanted by non-Indian settlers moving from the East into the frontier areas of the time. The most well-known of these removals was that of the Cherokee "Trail of Tears." But there were other tribes who experienced similar situations.
In many cases, the Indians were simply rounded up by the U.S. Army and marched to their new places of residence, often with very little notice, with very little preparation, and with very little planning.
There are some records of these removals, mostly buried within the set of records known as the General Correspondence Files of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sometimes the Army made a record of those being removed, called muster rolls after the common military term. Where those have been preserved, most are filed with these General Correspondence Files. The collection has been microfilmed by the federal government as Microcopy M234 and is available at the National Archives in Washington DC, at all of the Regional Archives of the National Archives and Records Administration, and at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, as well as at other locations. Some of the records, called emigration records, included in this set of microfilm are:
• Cherokee Emigration, 1828-1854
• Chicago Agency Emigration, 1835-1847
• Chicasaw Agency Emigration, 1837-1850
• Chippewa Agency Emigration, 1850-1859
• Choctaw Agency Emigration, 1826-1859
• Creek Agency Emigration, 1826-1849
• Florida Superintendency Emigration, 1828-1853
• Great Nemaha Agency Emigration, 1837-1838
• Indiana Agency Emigration, 1833-1849
• Mackinac Agency Emigration, 1838-1839
• Miami Agency Emigration, 1842-1853
• Michigan Superintendency Emigration, 1830-1848
• Miscellaneous Emigration, 1824-1848
• New York Agency Emigration, 1829-1851
• Ohio Agency Emigration, 1831-1839
• Prairie du Chien Agency Emigration, 1837-1841
• Sac and Fox Agency Emigration, 1845-1847
• St. Louis Superintendency Emigration, 1837-1841
• Seminole Agency Emigration, 1827-1859
• Western Superintendency Emigration, 1836-1842
• Winnebago Agency Emigration, 1833-1852
• Wyandot Agency Emigration, 1839-1851
See also Indians of the United States and Their Records
Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists.
Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams.
Did you find this article helpful?
You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in).
• This page was last modified on 14 September 2011, at 23:32.
• This page has been accessed 1,430 times.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:49:18.000Z
|
ilmcurnkodvgbfoz665bjzmlhjgb4snd
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:34987",
"uncompressed_offset": 83596913,
"url": "familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?oldid=446287&title=Kansas_Naturalization_and_Citizenship",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Kansas_Naturalization_and_Citizenship&oldid=446287"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Kansas Naturalization and CitizenshipEdit This Page
From FamilySearch Wiki
Revision as of 20:48, 5 October 2010 by AdkinsWH (Talk | contribs)
United States U.S. Naturalizations Kansas Naturalizations
Availability
Naturalization records up to 1906 have been kept in the Topeka Office of the U.S. Circuit Court and by the clerk of the district court of each county in Kansas. Some records from the Topeka Circuit Court were transferred to the National Archives—Central Plains Region in Kansas City, Missouri. This office also has U.S. District Court records from 1916 to 1966. The Family History Library has acquired some copies of naturalization records under the county, and records from the District court under the state.
Post-1906 Records
In 1906 the Immigration and Naturalization Service (now United States Citizenship and Immigration Services) was created, forms were standardized, and duplicate copies of naturalization records were sent by the court to the INS. To access these records, use the Genealogy Program at www.uscis.gov, fill is out and send it to the address listed on the form. You may also contact the National Archives—Central Plains Region at http://www.archives.gov/central-plains/kansas-city/ for naturalization records.
References
Kansas Research Outline. Salt Lake City, Utah: Intellectual Reserve, Inc., Family History Department, 1998, 2001.
NOTE: All of the information from the original research outline has been imported into this Wiki site and is being updated as time permits.
Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists.
Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams.
Did you find this article helpful?
You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in).
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:49:49.000Z
|
7nscez4vhq3t7daixquun7vbmwyrkzej
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35000",
"uncompressed_offset": 100502758,
"url": "globalvoicesonline.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/chad/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://globalvoicesonline.org/-/world/sub-saharan-africa/chad/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
GlobalVoices in Learn more »
Chad
Country archive · 21 posts
Latest stories about Chad
13 May 2013
Interview: Chadian Blogger and Journalist Expelled from Senegal to Guinea
The Senegalese government expelled Chadian journalist and blogger Makaila Nguebla on May 8, 2013, sending him to Guinea. He explained his situation in an interview with Global Voices' Anna Guèye.
31 March 2013
Inside the 2013 Central African Republic Crisis
As rebel leader Michel Djotodia solidifies his control as the new Central African Republic President and the rebel coalition of Séléka announce their control of capital city Bangui, it is important to understand why the failure of the January 2013 Libreville peace deal between the rebels and then-President Francois Bozize, was predictable.
22 February 2013
A First for Africa: Ex-Dictator to be Judged on the Continent
A new court system, the Extraordinary African Chambers has recently been set up to allow the first ever trial of one of its own dictators on the continent. The tribunal to judge Hissène Habré, former president of Chad, opened in Senegal on February 8, 2013. Human Rights Watch has been working since 1999 with victims of the ex-dictator, currently in exile in Senegal, in order to bring him to justice.
11 January 2013
2012: A Year of Revolt and Social Change in Francophone Countries: Part 1 of 2
The year 2012 was marked by armed conflicts in Mali, the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic. There were elections in Senegal, Quebec and France, while demonstrations for change took place in Chad, Madagascar and Togo. Debates raged on issues such as immigration, the economic crisis and equality in marriage laws. This is the first part of a review of the year 2012 in Francophone countries.
26 December 2012
Rebel Attacks on Ndélé and Bria, Central African Republic
These last few weeks, with attacks on the the cities of Ndélé and Bria, rebels have been threatening the regime of Central African Republic President François Bozizé. This fresh wave of attacks, which caused significant civilian displacement, has rendered the peace agreements signed in 2007 definitively obsolete.
27 September 2012
Chad: Challenges to Freedom of Expression as Social Protests Grow
The recent arrests in Chad of three union officers and the editor of an independent newspaper are symptomatic of a disintegration of freedom of expression in the country. These arrests have come after protest movements against the impoverishment of Chad’s population and the privatization of the country’s resources.
25 April 2010
ICT for Development in Francophone Africa
Although there is undoubtedly a strong push to grow information and communication technology (ICT) initiatives for development in francophone Africa, the region is still somewhat lagging behind their English-speaking neighbors.
20 February 2010
Coup in Niger: Bloggers sigh in relief at the ousting of President Tandja
On Thursday, February 18th a coup d'état took place in Niger, in which President Mamadou Tandja was captured after a gun battle in the capital. A few months ago Tandja illegally changed the constitution to allow him a third term in what was generally considered a mass fraud referendum. Bloggers react to these latest developments.
17 February 2010
Africa: Colonialism alive and well after 50 years of independence
2010 will mark the 50th year of francophone African countries' independence from Belgium and France. While official celebrations are under way, debate about colonialism, past and present, is simmering on blogs in North, Central and Western Africa.
28 February 2009
Video: Community Radios Fill the Information Gap
In a highly globalized and digitalized world, sometimes we may forget that in many regions of the world, not even electricity is available, and the possibility of using internet as an alternative information source is still a distant dream. It is in locations like Guatemala, Chad and India that community radio rises as the alternative for native communities to speak about their concerns, hear news and stories, receive information and all this in their native languages.
World regions
Countries
Languages
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:39:36.000Z
|
xbuua5ggqhyiomgc3izjkt6vfxmc5emw
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35032",
"uncompressed_offset": 172378459,
"url": "opensource.com/education/11/3/role-technical-forums-progress-open-source",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://opensource.com/education/11/3/role-technical-forums-progress-open-source"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
The role of technical forums in the progress of open source
Image by opensource.com
(5 votes)
I am a huge advocate of the concept of open source software. As a society, we are at a point where information sharing is more critical than ever. Technical forums support the mission of open source in multiple ways. First, they allow programmers to work outside of their expertise. Second, forums allow people to share their experiences with software. Last, they allow scientific researchers who are not always (not usually) well-trained programmers to carry out their research with an entire community to help them make design decisions and help them through technical difficulties.
Working outside of your expertise
Very frequently situations arise in which people work in a sub-optimal language or framework because they simply are not aware that there is a better choice! Being a member of a technical community by way of a forum allows them to inquire to the tune of "I am trying to do XYZ. I was planning to do this in C++, but it seems quite awkard. How would you proceed?" Answers to this type of question allow the person to eventually work in the "correct" language or framework. They can also feel comfortable doing so even if they don't know the language very well (or at all!) because they know that if (when!) they run into a problem, there are literally hundreds of thousands of people that they can call out to for help.
Sharing experiences with open source software
A typical conversation may go something like the following:
Question: I've been trying to use OpenGL to render a sphere, and I am running into XYZ problem
Answer: OpenGL is a very low-level language that you should probably not be using for this application. Instead, you should check out the VTK project, which is a layer on top of OpenGL that allows you do things like you are trying to do very simply.
You may be thinking, "Couldn't the person have found this project using a search engine?" Well, probably in this case. But there are many cases in which the open source tool has not yet gained a lot of notability but can still be exactly what someone needs. This pointer from a fellow programmer can help lead people in the right direction and may provide exactly the spur they need to start working on an open source project!
Allow scientific researchers to focus on their research rather than technical issues
My formal training is in electrical engineering. There was not much need for any serious programming skills outside of a little bit of MATLAB. When I decided to pursue a PhD in computer vision, I quickly realized that the language of choice in this field is C++. I found that the better I was with C++, the faster I could turn ideas/concepts into experiments. After many web searches turning up less-than-adequate answers to my questions, I decided to try out the concept of posting/asking questions on forums. I signed up for a handful of them, though DaniWeb.com from the start looked the most professional and seemed to have the most activity.
I wear two hats at DaniWeb. First, my learner hat. The quality of answers I have received in my time at DaniWeb is outstanding. There are several members who are true experts of the art and science of programming, and they have helped me immeasurably. The fact that access to these experts is provided for free via their will to share and spread information is absolutely a treat to be a part of.
Second, my teacher hat. I have been a part of DaniWeb for only a couple of years, but looking back, my progression was a natural one and one that I hope many others have and will follow. At first my relationship was almost purely one-way. I was asking question after question, receiving answer after answer. This was great for me, but surely a drain on the community as a whole. After I learned enough to become very comfortable with the language, some OOP, and other programming concepts, I felt a tremendous debt to the community. The most sensible way to pay back this debt was to take some of the daily burden of answering the easy questions off of the shoulders of the expert members. This quickly evolved into a real passion of helping people. In particular, I have learned from a mentor in an open source project that I am involved with that you should treat every user, no matter how silly or against the rules their first post is, as if they could be the next senior developer. To experienced forum users, sometimes a post by a new user seems like an outrage! As we all know, many times the user is in fact simply being lazy and looking for an easy way out of a problem. However, if even 1/100 of these is simply a problem of a language barrier or a misconception about what is supposed to go on, then it should be worth our time to greet them with an inviting "Welcome!" and explaining (nicely) some of the things that they have done wrong in hopes that they become a contributing member of the community. The ability to foster the growth of the next generation of programmers is a real treat and one of the main reasons I stay active at DaniWeb.
As I work primarily in C++, I'd say about 95% of my DaniWeb activity is in the C++ forum. However, it is very convenient that DaniWeb hosts forums for almost all languages because occasionally I will need to do something in a language that I am not comfortable with. Instead of having to go looking for a new forum, signing up, figuring out how to use their system, wondering if the people will be nice/helpful/etc, I can simply hop over to one of the other DaniWeb forums, and the environment is the same great environment I am used to in the C++ forum. This last 5% is often the most helpful because it is typically a question well outside of my expertise.
I'd say the best part about DaniWeb is the sheer volume of the user base that it has amassed. It's definitely a chicken-or-the-egg problem--if you build a nice website, people will come to it. If you have a lot of people, it is motivating (psychologically and financially) to build a good website. Their large user base (over 900,000 registered users) allows for a wide variety of knowledge to be brought to the table. It also allows for questions and discussions to evolve very quickly, as there are always (24/7) people browsing the forums, asking and answering questions. That, again, certainly encourages people to join and participate on DaniWeb.
From helping students and researchers, to fostering a sense of community among programmers, to allowing people to work as efficiently as possible, forums are an amazing asset. I encourage everyone to take some time to give back communities such as these to ensure that the cycle continues.
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:24:08.000Z
|
b6t2hhem4yinrsngnny5t3qqwylqqlkj
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35047",
"uncompressed_offset": 188036900,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/12053/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/12053/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
The whole theory of modern education is radically unsound. Fortunately in England, at any rate, education produces no effect whatsoever. If it did, it would prove a serious danger to the upper classes, and probably lead to acts of violence. Wilde, Oscar
This quote is about education · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Wilde, Oscar ...
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 November 30, 1900) was an Anglo-Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and short story writer. One of the most successful playwrights of late Victorian London, and one of the greatest celebrities of his day, known for his barbed and clever wit, he suffered a dramatic downfall and was imprisoned after being convicted in a famous trial of "gross indecency" for homosexual acts.
These people bookmarked this quote:
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:12:14.000Z
|
dhzbrmyx424moj7lujo5jpcg7wbrkugt
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35048",
"uncompressed_offset": 188043724,
"url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/27868/",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/27868/"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Quotation added by staff
Why not add this quote to your bookmarks?
There's always something fishy about the French. Coward, Noel
This quote is about nations · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation.
A bit about Coward, Noel ...
Sir Noel Peirce Coward (December 16, 1899 March 26, 1973) was an English actor, playwright, and composer of popular music.
These people bookmarked this quote:
More on the author
This quote around the web
Loading...
Search Quotations Book
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:35:53.000Z
|
vmskh2owqcqawylrg3op7z3sdiomttu2
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35093",
"uncompressed_offset": 254264864,
"url": "wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?oldid=1601917&title=Gorakhpur",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Gorakhpur&oldid=1601917"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
Gorakhpur
From Wikitravel
Asia : South Asia : India : Plains : Uttar Pradesh : Purvanchal : Gorakhpur
Revision as of 08:26, 30 December 2010 by 218.248.64.176 (Talk)
Jump to: navigation, search
Gorakhpur [1] is a city of 675,000 people in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is a way station on a popular overland route from India to Nepal. It is the city of great shaayar "फिराक गोरखपुरी ".
Gorakhpur (Hindi: गोरखपुर, Urdu: گۋڙکھ پور) ') is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division.
Gorakhpur is famous as a religious centre: the city was home to Buddhist, Hindu, Jain and Sikh saints and is named after the medieval saint Gorakshanath. Gorakhnath Temple is still the seat of the Nath sect. The city is also home to many historic Buddhist sites and the Gita Press, a publisher of Hindu religious texts.
In the 20th century, Gorakhpur was a focal point in the Indian independence movement. Today, the city is also a business centre, hosting the headquarters of the North Eastern Railways www.nerailway.gov.in and an industrial area, GIDA [Gorakhpur Development Authority] 15km from the old town.
Understand
Climate
It experience pleasant environment throughout the year. In summer the average temperature can go as high as 40 'C and in during the winters the average temperature can go as down as 4 'C. The best time to visit Gorakhpur is during the months of October to March.
Get in
By Air
Daily Jet airways flight at 2:30 PM from New Delhi to Gorakhpur
Railways
Gorakhpur railway station connects to all major cities of India. It was the headquarter of North Eastern Railway. Direct trains connect it to Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Kanpur, Varanasi and other cities.
Gorakhpur falls on NH 28 and 29. The roadways network connects Gorakhpur to the cities of Uttar Pradesh and to other cities of India. Some important distances are: Lucknow 276 km, Varanasi 231 km, Allahabad 339 km, Agra 624 km, Delhi 783 km and Mumbai 1690 km.
Situated on the basin of rivers Rapti and Rohini the geographical shape of the Gorakhpur City is of bowl. The west of the city is guarded by cool Rapti river while the east is associated with excel Sal Forest, giving the divine sense of peace with cool breeze every moment. The south is showered with the power of excellence, in shape of greenish Ramgarh Tal and north is the plinth of city's advancement.
Gorakhpur city has a university, a medical college, an engineering college and many post graduate and degree colleges. It is also the head quarters of North Eastern Railways. You can travel to any corner of India from here. No mean an achievement considering the size of the city. It also has an airport for domestic travel and connects with every major city in India. The city boasts of an army cantonment and an air base. All this, gave a cosmopolitan touch to the city. The world famous publication house of Gita Press gives an intellectual and religious touch to the city.
Direct Trains from all major Stations in India. Roadways (UP Government Bus) connectivity to major cities within the State, Nepal and Delhi. Flight to-from Lucknow, Varanasi and Delhi. Not reliable though as operators frequently stop / start operating on this route due commercial reasons. The airport is dedicated military airbase.
Get around
Cycle Rickshaw, a three wheeled human powered cycle, is the major mode of transport in the city. The charges are nominal and can be bargained. Usually a ride of 4-5 km would cost around 15 Rupees. City bus are available for some important routes of city.
Auto Rickshaws are easily available for traveling to some parts in the city.
Taxicabs can also be hired for a fixed time duration as desired by the user.
See
• Gorakhnath Temple
• Gita Press
• chauri chaura shaheed smarak
• Vishnu Mandir
• Aroyga Mandir
• Ambedkar Park
• Taramandal
• Lord Buddha Museum near Ram Garh Tal - nice and quiet place to visit. Opened till 4:30PM.
• Ram Garh Tal (Lake).
• Budiya Mai Temple, 15 km from rly station
Places near by:
• Maghar - This is the place were sant Kabir died.
• Kushinagar - This is the place were lord buddha died.
• Kapilvastu - Capital of lord buddha
• Lumbini(Nepal) - Birth Place of lord Buddha. Go by Sonauli route.
• Bhairahwa,one of the entry points to Nepal from India, is the last border town in Nepal which is about 4 KM from Sonauli,the Indian border town. There are frequent buses( 3 hrs. ) to Sounauli from Gorakhpur or taxis can be hired( 2 - 2 1/2 hrs. ).There are shared taxis too.
Do
• See all the Hindi movies in the town, best theaters are Raj, Jubilee, Vijay Picture Palace, here air conditioning is good.
• A new shopping Mall(SRS,Sabhi Rahe Saath) has come up on the Park Road (near Hotel Ganesh). This mall is with 3 movie screens.
• Hire a cycle-rickshaw and travel around slow all around the town and in some places it is better to travel in foot.
Rail museum is also a very good picnic place.
• You can go Taramandal for Boat riding.
Buy
All things are available as big cities, but best attraction of this city is terracota material (decorative things made of muddy soil).
Best place to buy your needs is Golghar which situated in the centre of the city. Also you can buy religious books from Gita Press.
Eat
Gorakhpur has a fairly good restaurants and eating joints. Apart from the star catagory hotels there are many restaurants in the city
• Tandoor Food - Take away, Cinem Road near Golghar. Most famous food joint in the city specializing in Mughlai non-vegetarian foods like authentic biryani, kababs, tandoori chicken. The prices are reasonable and the quality is great. Open for dinner only. A busy place and a must eat place while in the city.
• Hotel Ganesh, Park Road near Golghar. Good and Clean Indian food.Cheapest hotels can be seen just outside the train station itself. South Indian dishes like Dosa, Masal Dosa, Idly Sambar etc. are available here at reasonable rate.
• Choudhry Hotel, Vijay Chowk near Golghar/City Mall on Park Road. Good and clean Indian food. Agreeable service with reasonable rates. Can get everything from typical Punjabi dishes to South Indian with variety of sweets. Comparable to Haldriram's of NCR.
Drink
Bar Facilities available in some of hotels.
Mughal Bar (Hotel Bobina) Hotel Ganges
• Mahraja restaurent, Nakhas Chowk, Gorakhpur. good non veg food in city, delicious taste of lucknowi food
Sleep
• Hotel Clarks Inn, Park Road. Very expensive.
• Hotel Shivoy, Town Hall. Medium
• Hotel Park Regency, Park Road. Medium
• Hotel President, Gol Ghar.
• Hotel Bobina, Tarang Crossing. Oldest hotel of town, also has a swimming pool. Personal best.
• hotel awadh. in centre of the city ,a true home away from home
• Hotel Kabeer, Near Venus Compound, Modest place to sleep and food quality is good. Place also has a Chinese restaurant. Contact Number - 09415080610
Travel Agents and Agencies in Gorakhpur
Sankrit Tour Zone(India) is best helping hand in Gorakhpur for travel related issues and bookings for hotel/flight/Train/Guide or Car/ Corporate Travel/ Student Tour. Contact at +91-9648000010 email: sankritabhishek@gmail.com. They have head office in varanasi and branches in various city of India. Google Map: http://local.google.co.in/maps/place?georestrict=input_srcid:068ebfcbaca0bca3&hl=en
Get out
This article is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
feeds
Destination Docents
Toolbox
In other languages
other sites
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T08:34:18.000Z
|
d7xhpbiu2q33vrta7vndmhimkdnaqik3
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35094",
"uncompressed_offset": 254297912,
"url": "wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?direction=prev&oldid=1806677&title=Marina",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Marina&direction=prev&oldid=1806677"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
Marina
From Wikitravel
Jump to: navigation, search
Marina [1] is a city in Monterey County in California along the coast of the Monterey Bay.
Understand
Get in
Get around
See
Do
Buy
Eat
Drink
Sleep
• Best Western Beach Dunes Inn, 3290 Dunes Road, +1 831 883-0300 (fax: +1 831 384-8137), [2].
• Holiday Inn Express Hotel & Suites, 189 Seaside Circle, +1 831 884-2500, [3].
• Motel 6 Monterey - Marina, 100 Reservation Road, +1 831 384-1000 (fax: +1 831 384-0314), [4].
Get out
Routes through Marina
Santa CruzWatsonville N S SeasideMonterey
This article is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
feeds
Destination Docents
Toolbox
In other languages
other sites
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T09:00:23.000Z
|
khgjiij4j3vbs75xerumxw72yfmth6td
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35095",
"uncompressed_offset": 254384762,
"url": "wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?oldid=2001367&title=User%3AEvan",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=User:Evan&oldid=2001367"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how.
User:Evan
From Wikitravel
Revision as of 21:01, 5 March 2013 by IBobi (Talk | contribs)
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to: navigation, search
I'm Evan Prodromou, and I'm one of the two founders of Wikitravel. I'm a writer and programmer from San Francisco living in Montreal (ICBM: 45.52656, -73.58467).
My goal as a Wikitraveller is to channel other contributors' exuberance and knowledge to best meet our goals. With technology, community guidelines and policy, and day-to-day copyediting and re-structuring, I want to optimize the impact of Wikitravellers' efforts, and shorten the distance between editors and readers.
I have a todo list and some tools. I also have a workspace where I test out new articles and ideas. On a personal note, I have a wishlist of places I'd like to visit, and a friend-of-a-friend listing page.
[edit] Contact
Wikitravel:Babel
en This user is a native speaker of English.
fr-2 Cette personne peut contribuer avec un niveau moyen en français.
es-1 Este usuario puede contribuir con un nivel básico de español.
eo-1 Ĉi tiu uzanto povas komuniki per baza nivelo de Esperanto.
Probably the best way to reach me is through my talk page. Just edit the page and put in your message. I'm much more amenable to requests if you take the time to learn and use our local methods of communication.
Press and other people who don't bother adapting to local mores can contact me at evan@wikitravel.org or at +1-514-554-EVAN.
You can also reach me on IRC as evanpro on freenode; I'm almost permanently in the Wikitravel:IRC channel. I'm also on AIM as Evan Wikitravel.
I've got a half-baked home page at http://evan.prodromou.name/ .
[edit] Docent
I've volunteered as a docent for some destinations. Feel free to contact me by any of the above electronic methods (please don't phone!) if you have questions about one of those places.
[edit] About me
Evan Prodromou, having bia hoi in Hoi An
Hometown Montreal
Residence Montreal
Other homes San Francisco, Lisbon, Geneva, Black Rock City
Have visited Kuta, Sherbrooke, Munich
Wishlist Montevideo, Marfa, Malta, Labrador
I was born 14 October 1968 in Cincinnati, Ohio but moved to California at an early age. After graduating with a major in physics and a minor in English at the University of California at Berkeley in 1990, I spent a year writing software in Amsterdam before returning to San Francisco to join the nascent Internet boom. I did a stint working for Microsoft's Bay Area office, then I lept into the Web with both feet, working on dozens of Web sites and Web software packages between 1995 and 2001. I developed a passion for Open Source software and Open Content, grass-roots Internet culture, and SF's Burning Man-oriented techno-artistico-music scene. I was lucky enough to meet Maj during this time.
In 2001 I got a generous layoff package from RSA Security and took the opportunity to quit the expensive hurly-burly SF lifestyle. I piled my belongings into the back of my beloved 1972 Citroen DS and spent the next 6 months alone driving around Canada, the United States, and Mexico. I eventually settled in Montreal to write my first novel (still unfinished), then joined Maj in Geneva for a round-the-world trip including touring Southeast Asia and living in Lisbon for a season. We returned to Montreal in July 2003 for Maj to start graduate school at McGill University, and as a side-project started Wikitravel.
A year later, we were married on the platform of the Biosphère in Montreal. Today, we're still living in Montreal, parents of a beautiful 2-year-old girl named Amita June. I work on Wikitravel full time doing development and system administration, and try to find time to write.
Personal tools
Namespaces
Variants
Actions
Navigation
feeds
Destination Docents
Toolbox
In other languages
other sites
|
v0
|
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z
|
2013-05-18T07:46:51.000Z
|
4clhl4n5nx6x22rghybmjajwu7rweh7e
|
{
"content_type": "text/html",
"provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35104",
"uncompressed_offset": 264347989,
"url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/7A0D2CD7C9024ABCCA256E000078A47D",
"warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z",
"warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>",
"warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/7A0D2CD7C9024ABCCA256E000078A47D?OpenDocument"
}
|
cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20
|
Australian Bureau of Statistics
Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013
ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date
3201.0 - Population by Age and Sex, Australian States and Territories, Jun 2003
Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/12/2003
Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product
MEDIA RELEASE
November 19, 2003
Embargoed: 11:30 AM (AEST)
148/2003
Northern Territory's population the most youthful
The Northern Territory's population is the most youthful of all states and territories, according to the figures released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics today.
The population of the Northern Territory had a median age of 30 years as at the end of June 2003, the lowest for Australia. In comparison, Australia's median age, or the age at which half the population is older and half is younger, was 36 years.
Northern Territory also had a higher proportion of men and women under the age of 45 years, nearly 75%, compared to 63% for Australia. The only state or territory that approaches the Northern Territory was the Australian Capital Territory (67%).
In contrast, the proportion of the Northern Territory's population aged 65 years or more (4.2%) was less than half the proportion for all other states and the ACT. For Australia as a whole, 10.7% of the population were aged 65 years or more. South Australia had almost 15% of its population aged 65 or more.
There are more men than women in the Northern Territory. There are nearly 111 men for each 100 women at the end of June 2003.
Further details are in Population by Age and Sex: Australian States and Territories, June 2003 (cat no. 3201.0)
© Commonwealth of Australia 2013
Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.
|
v0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.