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2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:23:35.000Z	53drmj5kbacddyvw3hbsiepbirmuj447	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35105", "uncompressed_offset": 264355425, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/productsbyCatalogue/C7C2F7FF92D5E26FCA25709A0020DA5B", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/productsbyCatalogue/C7C2F7FF92D5E26FCA25709A0020DA5B?OpenDocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Catalogue Number 8513.0.40.002 - Retail Trade Special Data Services: Performance Reports - Data Report, Jul 1995 Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 31/12/1996 Ceased Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release ABOUT THIS RELEASE A tailored report prepared for individual retailers which will tabulate and graph the retailers' month to month turnover over the past two years against the group result of similar sized retailers within the same State and industry. The three page report will include two tables and graphs and analytical comment. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:37:34.000Z	w5ji6gedqqdxancizdubkggb4k6tacqo	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35106", "uncompressed_offset": 264362375, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.NSF/ViewContent?Action=Expand&Num=6.4&view=papersbycatalogue", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.NSF/ViewContent?readform&view=papersbycatalogue&Action=Expand&Num=6.4" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Methods & Standards > Papers by Catalogue Number Papers by Catalogue Number 55. Public sector accounts 5516.0Information Paper: Developments in Government Finance Statistics, 1997 5517.0Information Paper: Accruals-Based Government Finance Statistics, 2000 © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:45:50.000Z	p347xeasyy6f4wgmkxra2hdq6gcyrbhz	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35107", "uncompressed_offset": 264368562, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/Latestproducts/8102.0Main%20Features202007?issue=2007&prodno=8102.0&tabname=Summary", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/8102.0Main%20Features202007?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=8102.0&issue=2007&num=&view=" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Catalogue Number 8102.0 - Future Treatment of Telstra in ABS Statistics, 2007 Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 26/02/2007 First Issue Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product PUBLIC/PRIVATE SECTOR CLASSIFICATION PRINCIPLES 8 Australian resident units (ie enterprises/legal entities) such as Telstra are classified as being public sector if the units are part of the general government sector or are controlled by units of the general government sector. All other resident units are classified as private sector. 9 More specifically the public sector comprises: 1. all resident units classified to the general government sector, including all government units and nonprofit institutions controlled by government; 2. all residents units that are classified to the non-financial corporations sector and are controlled by government units (public non-financial corporations); and 3. all resident units that are classified to the financial corporations sector and are controlled by government units (public financial corporations). The second and third categories include quasi-corporations and market nonprofit institutions as well as corporations. 10 Central to the classification of units to the public sector is the issue of control by units of the general government sector. For the purposes of ABS statistics, control is determined using the United Nations System of National Accounts, 1993 (SNA 93) definition of control ie "the ability to determine general corporate policy by appointing appropriate directors, if necessary. Owning more than half the shares of a corporation is evidently a sufficient, but not a necessary condition for control" (para 4.30)". 11 Following the T1 and T2 sales the Australian Government owned 51.8% of Telstra shares. Using the above definition, Telstra was, for ABS statistical purposes, classified as a public non-financial corporation and all activities of Telstra were regarded as being part of the public sector. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:51:42.000Z	7vpk45n7eduzzimso5d6vuvv34vnojx2	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35108", "uncompressed_offset": 264384101, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/Previousproducts/1300.1.55.001Main%20Features200Jun%202004?issue=Jun+2004&prodno=1300.1.55.001&tabname=Summary", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/1300.1.55.001Main%20Features200Jun%202004?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=1300.1.55.001&issue=Jun%202004&num=&view=" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 1300.1.55.001 - Statistics News NSW (Newsletter), Jun 2004 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 05/07/2004 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product NATIONAL STATISTICAL SERVICE WEB SITE The National Statistical Service (NSS) web site - www.nss.gov.au - was released recently. The NSS is an ABS-led initiative which supports a whole-of-government approach to the management of statistical information. Its aim is to increase the range of good quality statistical information available for decision making, and forge statistical partnerships to share knowledge and expertise. The NSS web site provides producers of statistics with information on collection, processing and dissemination of data, and links to statistical training. It provides assistance in identifying statistical information suitable to users' needs. For more information contact Mark Lound on (02) 6252 5907, email: mark.lound@abs.gov.au. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:34:19.000Z	ajmjzyx2u6mzfiytzvmoejt2mha6zikh	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35124", "uncompressed_offset": 348375183, "url": "www.crummy.com/2005/7/2/0", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/2005/7/2/0" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	< Previous Go Now And Smite The Crudites, Who Have Displeased Me > Baffling Interface: My fridge has an "Energy Saver" mode. The switch has two settings: "Use (Damp Exterior)" and "Save (Normal)". It's on "Use". If I want to save energy, should I switch it to "Save"? Update: This web page explains what the switch does but only in a tiny clause does it actually explain which setting is which. "Save (Normal)" is the setting I want, unless I start seeing a damp exterior, in which case I should switch to "Use (Damp Exterior)" to get rid of the damp exterior. [Main] Unless otherwise noted, all content licensed by Leonard Richardson under a Creative Commons License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:21:21.000Z	n34ofoh56uebpbjwehqmgiiif37ul3ow	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35130", "uncompressed_offset": 387587388, "url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/FamilySearch_Wiki:Help_wanted_on_the_Philippines_pages", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/FamilySearch_Wiki:Help_wanted_on_the_Philippines_pages" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	FamilySearch Wiki:Help wanted on the Philippines pagesEdit This Page From FamilySearch Wiki Many Hands Make Light Work... Everyone knows at least a little bit about something or someplace. The information you contribute could be exactly what someone else needs to connect with or add to their family history. Fill out this form to get started as a Wiki Volunteer and let us know what you're interested in helping with. Pages and Projects That Need Your Help Beginner Projects Some examples of beginner projects might be checking for broken links or adding categories to pages. • Adding Categories • Repair Broken Links • Add information to your county and/or city pages. • Prepare county histories - county section of each state. • Repositories - what's in a repository of genealogical interest in the Philippines. • Outside company providing content ... we are putting in the wiki for formatting. Stub Pages A "Stub" is a page containing a limited amount of information. If you need help learning about stub pages and how to add information to them, review the article FamilySearch Wiki:Stub. Follow a link below to help fill out pages that need more information: Instructions for moderator: To see all of the stub articles for your locality, review Category: Philippines stubs. Wanted Pages A "Wanted Page" is a page that doesn't yet exist, but someone created a link to it, showing that they want a page on that topic created. For online classes to learn how to create a new page or wiki article click here: Creating a Wiki Article Searching for and Creating Articles. Follow the red links below to create a requested Wanted page: Maintaining Existing Pages Check and fix broken links Moderator Needed A moderator is needed to work with and support contributors in the Philippines. Would you like to help as a moderator? Other Help Wanted Projects If there are other areas of the FamilySearch Wiki you would like to volunteer for, we have a Wiki Help Wanted page that lists additional projects and areas where help is needed. • This page was last modified on 2 March 2013, at 00:26. • This page has been accessed 100 times.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:23:54.000Z	wtjgkli62shkmv4mdjp6ynqpmjzi2iqm	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35131", "uncompressed_offset": 387599233, "url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?redirect=no&title=Haddam%2C_Connecticut", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Haddam,_Connecticut&redirect=no" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Haddam, ConnecticutEdit This Page From FamilySearch Wiki United States Connecticut Middlesex Haddam Contents Brief History Historical Data Town Histories Vital Records Probate Records City Directories Maps Cemeteries Churches Land Records Town Records Newspapers Libraries and Historical Societies References Adjacent towns: Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists. Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams. Did you find this article helpful? You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in). • This page was last modified on 12 March 2013, at 19:50. • This page has been accessed 52 times.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:58:43.000Z	qafpzzw2njlna4ew5nvtt3zilfpooxnf	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35132", "uncompressed_offset": 392140334, "url": "www.fides.org/en/news/32846?idnews=32846&lan=eng", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.fides.org/en/news/32846?idnews=32846&lan=eng" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	http://www.fides.org Vaticano 2012-12-10 VATICAN - Pope: the encounter with the living Jesus Christ "is the decisive force which will transform the American continent" Vatican City (Agenzia Fides) - "Secularism and different religious groups are spreading at all latitudes, giving rise to many problems. Education and the promotion of a culture of life is urgently important ... How can one not worry about the painful situations of migration, displacement or violence, in particular those caused by organized crime, drug trafficking, corruption and the arms trade? And what about the divisive inequalities and pockets of poverty caused by questionable economic, political measures and social issues?". These are the questions raised by the Holy Father Benedict XVI, who met in the Vatican Basilica, on December 9, the participants at the International Congress "Ecclesia in America" on the Church in the American continent (see Fides 07/12/2012). "These are important issues that require careful study - the Pope said -. However, beyond the technical evaluation, the Catholic Church is convinced that the light of an appropriate solution can only come from the encounter with the living Jesus Christ, who gives rise to attitudes and behaviors based on love and truth. This is the decisive force in the transformation of the American continent." In his speech, the Holy Father stressed the intuition of Blessed John Paul II to increase cooperation relations between the particular Churches of the entire American continent, "to arouse greater solidarity" among all nations. "The love of Christ compels us to devote ourselves unreservedly to proclaim his name in all regions of America," said Benedict XVI, who said: "A renewed missionary spirit and zealous generosity in your commitment will be an irreplaceable contribution to what the universal Church expects and needs from the Church in America." (SL) (Agenzia Fides 10/12/2012) Share: Facebook Twitter Google Blogger Altri Social Network	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:05.000Z	aje7xyqqk43buiszlotdyeeuj2fleijq	{ "content_type": "application/xhtml+xml", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35145", "uncompressed_offset": 432679705, "url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2011/841069/abs/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ahci/2011/841069/abs/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents Advances in Human-Computer Interaction Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 841069, 9 pages doi:10.1155/2011/841069 Research Article An Optimized Player Taxonomy Model for Mobile MMORPGs with Millions of Users 1School of Communication and Design, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou 510006, China 2School of Information Science and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guang Zhou 510006, China 3Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 4Gameislive Corporation, 5/f, 4 Victory Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong Received 7 June 2011; Accepted 26 September 2011 Academic Editor: Anthony Savidis Copyright © 2011 Fang You et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) have great potential as sites for research within the social and human-computer interaction. In the MMORPGs, a stability player taxonomy model is very important for game design. It helps to balance different types of players and improve business strategy of the game. The players in mobile MMORPGs are also connected with social networks; many studies only use the player's own attributes statistics or questionnaire survey method to predict player taxonomy, so lots of social network relations' information will be lost. In this paper, by analyzing the impacts of player's social network, commercial operating data from mobile MMORPGs is used to establish our player taxonomy model (SN model). From the model results, social network-related information in mobile MMORPGs will be considered as important factors to pose this optimized player taxonomy model. As experimental results showed, compared with another player taxonomy model (RA model), our proposed player taxonomy model can achieve good results: classification is more stable.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:28:54.000Z	ggtbqueeydquw7vipp4hkjzrj7pzegeb	{ "content_type": "application/xhtml+xml", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35146", "uncompressed_offset": 432814595, "url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/379097/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/379097/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents International Journal of Endocrinology Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 379097, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/379097 Clinical Study Gender-Specific Variation in the Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Cancer TNM Stages II to IV 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou 333, Taiwan 2Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou 333, Taiwan 3Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Linkou 333, Taiwan Received 30 August 2012; Accepted 5 November 2012 Academic Editor: Eleonore Fröhlich Copyright © 2012 Sheng-Hwu Hsieh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract To investigate the correlation between gender and the clinical presentation of papillary thyroid cancer and the long-term followup results, 435 patients who underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy were enrolled in this study. Among these papillary thyroid cancer patients, 12.2% showed lymph node metastases and a higher incidence of male patients in the N1b group. There were 65 from 316 female (20.6%) and 49 from 120 male (40.8%) patients who had a postoperative disease progression. A total of 55 (12.6%) patients died of thyroid cancer. Male patients showed a higher thyroid cancer mortality than the females. Multiple regression analysis showed that male gender was an independent risk factor for cancer recurrence and mortality. Male patients with TNM stages II to IV of papillary thyroid cancer need to adopt aggressive surgical and postoperative 131I therapy. 1. Introduction Thyroid nodules and cancer have long been considered to occur predominantly among women [1]. On the other hand, male gender has been reported to be an important risk factor for the development of the subgroup of well-differentiated thyroid cancers, based on the occurrence of larger tumors [2], worse prognosis in follicular and Hürthle cell thyroid cancers [3], and lymph node invasion and local neck recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinomas [46]. In contrast, no gender-specific differences have been observed in surgically treatable Graves’ disease and toxic thyroid nodules [7]. Thyroid cancer is associated with a wide range of prognoses with different histopathologic patterns. In addition, other factors, such as TNM stage, surgical method, and the application of postoperative adjuvant therapy, may also influence therapeutic outcomes. Even in papillary thyroid carcinoma, different histologic variants with variable presentation and prognoses after treatment have been reported [8]. This study aimed to determine the role of gender in the clinical presentation of papillary thyroid cancer and in the results of long-term followup schemes. To avoid bias due to the influence of age and the less aggressive nature of this cancer in women, papillary thyroid cancers at TNM stage I were excluded from the study. All enrolled patients underwent total thyroidectomy and postoperative remnant ablation. Long-term data were analyzed to identify trends in thyroid cancer progression in relation to gender and age groups. 2. Patients and Methods All patients enrolled in this study underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy and postoperative 131I treatment for remnant ablation in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH) in Linkou, Taiwan. A total of 435 patients, consisting of 315 women (mean age years) and 120 men (mean age years), meeting the inclusion criteria during the treatment period between 1986 and 2009 were included in this study. All patients underwent regular followup until the end of 2011. A pathologic review was performed for all thyroid carcinomas using the World Health Organization (WHO) classification [9]. After thyroid surgery, thyroid remnant ablation was recommended 4–6 weeks after surgery for patients with papillary thyroid cancers, as in our previous study [10]. The 131I ablation dose for most patients was 1.1 GBq (30 mCi). A whole-body scan (WBS) was performed 1 week after 131I administration by using a dual-head gamma camera (Dual Genesys, ADAC, USA) equipped with a high-energy collimator. Cases in which the foci of 131I uptake extended beyond the thyroid bed were classified as cases of persistent disease or metastases. These patients were given a higher therapeutic dose of 3.7–7.4 GBq (100–200 mCi) 3 to 6 months later. Hospital isolation was arranged for those who received doses exceeding 1.1 GBq, and a WBS was performed 2 weeks after administration of the higher therapeutic dose. All patients were staged according to the UICC-TNM criteria (6th edition) [11]. Patients showing disease progression after the operation were classified into a residual cancer group or a relapse group. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), 131I WBS, or other noninvasive examination and elevated Tg levels were used to confirm the presence of local recurrence in the neck or distant metastases. The patients in the residual cancer group were diagnosed within a year of the first thyroidectomy, and those in the relapse group were diagnosed a year after the first thyroid surgery. At the end of 2010, patients were categorized as disease free if they showed negative results in the 131I WBS, undetectable Tg levels without thyroxine treatment and a TSH level ≥30 μIU/mL, undetectable Tg antibody levels at the final followup, and no identifiable local or distant metastasis in the noninvasive examination. The study was carried out on humans in compliance with the Helsinki Declaration and following approval by ethics committee of the Institution Review Board in CGMH (reference number: 99-3565B). All data are expressed as mean ± SE values. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the significance of the various factors by using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test [12]. A value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In addition, the survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the Breslow and Mantel-Cox tests. 3. Results In the 435 subjects with papillary thyroid carcinoma, the mean age of the study population at enrollment was years. Male thyroid cancer patients were generally older than female patients, but no statistical difference was observed ( years versus years; ) (Table 1). Comparison of the mean tumor size in the two groups showed that tumors of a larger size were observed among males. In addition, the incidence of T3 and T4 based on the TNM classification was higher among males. Approximately 12.2% of the study population demonstrated pathologically proven lymph node metastases. There was a higher incidence of males in the N1b group, although no statistical significance was observed. Higher percentage of males was presented with distant metastases than females (10.8% versus 4.4%; ) at the time of diagnosis. Histological presentation at the time of thyroidectomy including TNM stage, multicentric pattern, postoperative Tg, and remnant 131I uptake percentage showed no differences between the genders. Table 1: Clinical features of papillary thyroid carcinoma by gender. During the followup period, 49 (40.8%) male and 65 (20.6%) female patients had residual or relapsed. Of this group, 52.6% (60 of 114) were diagnosed within the first year after thyroidectomy. Higher percentage of residual groups was diagnosed in males (28 of 49; 57.1%) than in females (32 of 65; 49.2%). Fifty-four patients (33 males and 21 females) had relapsed one year after the operation. The mean duration of relapse after the operation was years. A significantly higher relapse frequency was observed among male patients as compared to females . Approximately 27.8% of enrolled patients were classified as disease free during followup, with the male group showing a lower frequency than the females, although without statistical significance (). Multiple regression analysis of clinical factors for postoperative progression showed that male gender, postoperative Tg and TNM stage are independent risk factors (Table 2). Table 2: Multiple regression analysis for factors associated with postoperative progression. After the mean followup period of years, 55 (12.6%) patients had died of thyroid cancer. The male population showed a higher thyroid cancer mortality than the female population (24.2% versus 8.3%; ). Figure 1(a) shows the cancer-specific survival curves of the male, female, and total groups. The thyroid cancer-specific survival rates in the male, female, and total groups were 86.9%, 93.6%, and 92.3% at 5 years; 72.4%, 91.3%, and 86.1% at 10 years; and 47.2%, 71.2%, and 64.3% at 20 years, respectively. The recurrence-free rates for the male, female, and total groups are 58.9%, 81.5%, and 75.3% at 5 years; 50.1%, 73.9%, and 67.6% at 10 years; and 46.3%, 72.7%, and 65.2% at 20 years, respectively (Figure 1(b)). In addition, multiple regression analysis showed that male gender and TNM stage are independent risk factors in multiple regression analysis for thyroid cancer specific mortality (Table 3). Table 3: Multiple regression analysis for factors associated with cancer mortality. Figure 1: Thyroid cancer mortality (a) and recurrence-free survival (b) curves of the male, female, and total groups. 4. Discussion The development of thyroid cancer involves multiple stages and genetic mutations, transforming normal follicular epithelial cells to differentiated malignant cancer cells [13]. During the processes of tumor initiation and progression, it has been reported that sex hormones may influence the rates of cancer cell proliferation, migration, or apoptotic change [14, 15]. According to prevalence studies, females have a higher incidence rate of thyroid nodules and surgical treatment than males [16, 17]. In contrast, the incidence of thyroid cancer in nodules is significantly higher in males. Because of differences in screening rates, gender-specific behavior, such as the greater tendency of men to seek medical attention later than females, and surgical methods, the therapeutic outcome varies between genders. [2, 6]. Previous study illustrated papillary thyroid cancer in females diagnosed at an earlier age than in males [18]. In contrast, there was no statistical difference of age between genders in this investigation. The main reason was the study exclude the patients in TNM stage I. Age has been used as an important prognostic factor in thyroid cancer, and this gender-specific variation thus makes survival analysis between the genders difficult. This study confirmed that based on a specific age group, TNM stage, and therapeutic modality, male gender is associated with a higher relapse rate and cancer-specific mortality. Most patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancers have undergone long-term followup and treatment with good prognoses. It is important to minimize the risk of recurrence. Male gender has been reported to be an independent risk factor of cancer recurrence [5, 19]. In this study, consistent surgical and postoperative 131I therapy for papillary thyroid cancer in the same institute was associated with a higher recurrence rate. The frequency of male patients in the N1b group was shown to be higher than that of female patients. The incidence of micrometastases in the central neck region in patients staged as N0 by preoperative and intraoperative was recently assessed in papillary thyroid carcinoma [20]. Male gender was shown to be associated with lymph node micrometastasis. In addition, using univariate analysis, a significant correlation was shown between male gender and lung metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma presenting with bilateral lateral cervical lymph node metastasis [21]. In this study, prophylactic lymph node dissection was not performed on any of the patients. The role of prophylactic lymph node dissection or sentinel node biopsy among male patients at TNM stages II to IV need to be further investigated [22]. Recently published guidelines concerning high-risk cases of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinomas do not consider gender as a risk factor [23, 24]. More aggressive postoperative modalities, such as higher doses of 131I for thyroid remnant ablation and treatment for distant metastases, and closely monitored followup imaging after serum Tg level elevation need to be considered. Those with a histologic pattern of tall cell, insular pattern, and poorly differentiated thyroid cancer have a poorer prognosis, compared with those with classical, well-differentiated thyroid cancer [25, 26]. Our results illustrated that male patients had higher percentage of aggressive histologic patterns, otherwise no statistical difference. A number of limitations are also identified in this study. The data was selected from a single institution, and this is unlikely to represent the real prevalence of thyroid cancer in Taiwan. This study spanned more than 20 years, with different surgeons performing different surgical procedures. Similarly, the dose used in 131I therapy for papillary thyroid cancer varied among endocrinologists. 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2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:25:29.000Z	7xp7evbw6keb6yigi6cyhie63vkmrxqe	{ "content_type": "application/xhtml+xml", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35147", "uncompressed_offset": 432831400, "url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/nrp/2013/605757/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/nrp/2013/605757/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents Nursing Research and Practice Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 605757, 10 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/605757 Research Article From Intervention to Innovation: Applying a Formal Implementation Strategy in Community Primary Care 1The University of Iowa College of Nursing, 330 CNB, 50 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, USA 3Department of Information and Technology Services, The University of Iowa, USA 4Department of Community and Behavioral Health, The University of Iowa College of Public Health, USA Received 28 December 2012; Accepted 18 February 2013 Academic Editor: Deborah Vincent Copyright © 2013 Andrea S. Wallace et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Objective. To describe a comprehensive strategy for implementing an effective diabetes self-management support intervention incorporating goal-setting and followup support in community health clinics (CHCs) serving vulnerable patients. Methods. The Replicating Effective Programs (REP) framework was applied to develop an intervention strategy. In order to create a strategy consistent with the REP framework, four CHCs engaged in an iterative process involving key-informant interviews with clinic staff, ongoing involvement of clinic staff facilitating translational efforts, feedback from national experts, and an instructional designer. Results. Moving through the REP process resulted in an implementation strategy that aims to facilitate commitment, communication, and change at the clinic level, as well as means of providing interactive, time-limited education about patient behavior change and support to health care providers. Conclusion. The REP offered a useful framework for providing guidance toward the development of a strategy to implement a diabetes self-management intervention in CHCs serving medically underserved and underrepresented patient populations. 1. Introduction Effective patient self-management has been demonstrated to prevent adverse clinical outcomes from diabetes [1, 2]. While research has examined factors that influence patient receptivity and use of self-management skills, there has been less attention to the delivery of diabetes education and support in primary care settings, where most patients receive this counseling [35]. In fact, the quality of diabetes self-management support delivered in primary care falls short of that demonstrated to improve outcomes. Delivering even basic diabetes education is challenging to busy primary health clinics, much less providing ongoing support which addresses the many factors influencing patients’ ability to make significant lifestyle changes and integrate complex tasks into their daily lives such as problem-solving, collaboration, psychosocial issues, and behavior change skills [3, 4, 6]. Collaborative goal-setting between health care providers and patients has been proposed as a strategy for providing diabetes-related self-management support in busy primary care settings [7, 8]. Because research suggests that goal-setting increases patients’ self-efficacy and motivation to continue developing and maintaining self-management behaviors [911], goal-setting is now a common strategy in the more comprehensive Diabetes Self-Management Education curricula reimbursed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services [6, 12, 13], is an element of quality improvement efforts in primary care, and has been proposed as a measure of clinical quality [14]. However, goal-setting and followup support activities are seldom reported in primary care [8, 15], suggesting that finding cost-effective, feasible means of addressing gaps in goal-setting and followup “indicate [sic] an important area for quality improvement and diabetes self-management research” [15, page 2660]. The relative effectiveness of various delivery models for delivering diabetes self-management support (e.g., group education and individual counseling) [1619] suggests that any number of strategies for delivering diabetes-related goal-setting and followup may be successfully tailored to the resources of individual primary care settings. However, research from implementation science suggests that numerous factors varying between individuals and organizations influence clinicians’/organizations’ decisions to adopt and implement clinical interventions. These include a number of characteristics of the intervention itself such as the legitimacy of the intervention source, strength and quality of the evidence, relative advantage versus alternative solutions, adaptability, trialability, complexity, design quality and packaging, and costs [20]. Because of this, it has been argued that the gap between generation of effective interventions and widespread, sustained use in clinical practice can be addressed by strategies that consider how interventions themselves can be adapted to meet the needs of patient populations, structures, personnel, and financial incentives of individual clinic sites while also maintaining the fidelity, or consistent delivery of components necessary for an intervention to be effective [21, 22]. Since little is known about how best to integrate diabetes-related self-management support into the routine diabetes care provided in community (versus academic) health clinics, much less those serving vulnerable (underserved and underrepresented) populations, this study tested the usefulness of the Replicating Effective Programs (REP) framework to develop a strategy for improving diabetes self-management support, particularly goal-setting and followup support, delivered to vulnerable patient populations in community primary care settings. 2. Methods This study capitalized on academic-community-based partnerships between the Iowa Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Iowa Primary Care Association (IPCA), and four geographically diverse federally qualified community health clinics (CHCs) located across the state of Iowa. In response to preliminary survey results documenting the need for simple strategies for providing diabetes-related self-management support in the four CHCs, the development team, which consisted of a university-based research team and four clinic staff members acting as research coordinators in each of the CHCs, engaged in a participatory process in order to develop a strategy for incorporating goal-setting and followup support in community primary care settings serving vulnerable patient populations. The process involved continuous discourse within the development team, in-depth interviews with six clinic staff members working in two of the CHCs, feedback from local stakeholders and national experts, and development of materials with an instructional design professional (Table 1). The study was approved by the Community-Based Research Institutional Review Board of The University of Iowa. Table 1: Parties involved in development process. 2.1. Study Framework The Replicating Effective Programs (REP) model, developed in 1996 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to implement HIV-AIDS behavioral and treatment programs in community-based settings, is an empirical framework combining strategies to maximize both intervention fidelity, or consistent delivery of components necessary for an intervention to be effective, and flexibility, or the ability for individual settings to adapt the intervention to their needs [21]. The REP strategy has been successfully applied to other implementation efforts including violence, substance abuse, and delinquency prevention programs as well as packaging interventions for depression care [23], suggesting its applicability beyond its initial targeted prevention efforts. Because the goal of the REP framework is to ensure successful adaptation and implementation of interventions into nonacademic, community-based settings, we believed it was particularly well-suited for efforts aiming to implement diabetes-related goal-setting and followup support in CHCs. The REP model describes four key phases for researchers to consider while attempting to implement a program in nonacademic community settings: preconditions, preimplementation, implementation, and maintenance and evolution. Satisfying preconditions entails establishing the need for an intervention, identifying an intervention that addresses the needs of settings (e.g., clinics) as well as the targeted population (e.g., patients), and identifying barriers to implementation. After the needs of the setting and population have been identified, the REP model suggests implementers develop a strategy to assist sites as they attempt to use the intervention including (1) clear identification of the intervention’s core elements (or factors that should not be changed in order for it to be effective) as well as elements that may help appropriately tailor the intervention to the context of individual sites (e.g., the skill sets of available staff and technological resources) and (2) an implementation package that, in everyday language, provides concrete information and resources to clinic sites about how to implement the intervention (e.g., setup procedures, underlying theory, and scripts). The next phase, preimplementation, begins with soliciting input from a community working group about the implementation strategy, which should also include training and technical assistance for clinic sites. The implementation strategy is then tested for clarity and functionality. Based on the feedback of the community working group and experiences of the preliminary test, the implementation strategy is refined and finalized for full implementation (Figure 1). This study focused on satisfying the preconditions and preimplementation phases of the REP in order to develop a strategy for implementing diabetes self-management support focused on providing goal setting and followup support, in primary care settings serving vulnerable populations. Figure 1: REP framework as used to plan for diabetes self-management support. 3. Results During the fall of 2010, researchers at The University of Iowa partnered with clinicians serving as research coordinators in each of the four clinics (one physician, one nurse, and two health educators) to begin planning for an intervention to address the needs related to diabetes self-management support in the CHCs. Guided by the REP framework, this process involved weekly telephone calls and development of a research study incorporating (1) the recruitment of clinic staff to participate in key-informant interviews focusing on identifying specific needs and barriers related to diabetes-related self-management support, including goal setting and follow-up, in the clinic settings; (2) the drafting of a strategy, responsive to the needs of clinicians and staff, to overcome barriers to diabetes-related self-management support; (3) the solicitation of input from national content experts related to the implementation strategy; (4) the refinement of the strategy with the assistance of an instructional design professional. 3.1. Satisfying Preconditions: Data Gathering and Planning 3.1.1. Identify Need for New Intervention In 2006, The University of Iowa researchers partnered with the Iowa Primary Care Association (IPCA) and CHCs across the state to identify needs that might be addressed through academic-clinic research partnerships. Among the topics identified as problematic by primary care leadership was the quality of care being provided to patients with diabetes. To further assess this issue, quality improvement surveys were distributed to both patients and health care providers and revealed a high level of diabetes burden in these clinics, variability in the nature of diabetes-related self-management support provided by clinicians, and a lack of self-management support perceived by patients. Results of these surveys, as well as input from the IPCA, clinic leadership, and research coordinators, suggested that the four CHCs would be well-served by an intervention aiming to improve the consistency and quality of diabetes self-management support given to patients. 3.1.2. Identify an Effective Intervention Fitting Local Settings Informed with the aforementioned survey results, the university-based research team examined interventions aiming to facilitate diabetes self-management support in primary care settings. Because of its reliance on a simple strategy for establishing goal-setting and followup support, the university-based research team believed that the previously developed Living with Diabetes patient materials [24] and associated intervention [25, 26] would fit the needs of the four clinic settings. The Living with Diabetes (LWD) intervention consisted of low literacy patient materials coupled with a goal-setting session and two followup calls by research assistants. Both the guide and intervention were developed through a participatory process with diabetes patients and providers and were seen as responsive to the need for a simple, adaptable strategy for use in primary care. Because the materials were developed with vulnerable patient populations and focused on providing information to those with limited literacy skills in both English and Spanish, the intervention appeared well-suited for use in CHCs. An evaluation of LWD showed that the intervention resulted in successful development of goals by patients, increased self-efficacy, self-care behaviors, diabetes-related knowledge, and reductions in diabetes-related distress [25, 26]. Because the intervention involved approximately 10 minutes of patient contact per session and sessions were successfully conducted by nonclinician research associates, the research team believed it might be readily adapted to the needs of different CHC settings. The patient materials and associated information is available through the American College of Physicians Foundation (see http://www.acpfoundation.org/materials-and-guides/patient-guides/guide-products/living-with-diabetes.html). In order to ensure that the objective of the LWD intervention met the needs of the CHCs, the university-based research team presented the intervention and associated materials to the clinic research coordinators, CHC medical directors, and IPCA medical director and staff. This process was accomplished through in-person, telephone, and email conversations as well as during in-person presentations during which the tenets of the intervention and potential logistics were discussed. The research coordinators and IPCA representatives responded enthusiastically to the potential intervention, believing it would help address the needs of their colleagues and provide a good resource for both English and Spanish speaking patients. 3.1.3. Package Intervention for Training and Assessment Between April and May 2011, six in-depth interviews were conducted with clinic staff members (2 ARNPS, 1 PA, 1 PharmD, 1 RD, and 1 MPH-Quality Director) to begin developing a strategy for implementing the LWD and in the four participating CHCs. During these hour-long interviews, participants were asked about their practice and that of their colleagues related to diabetes self-management education, including the barriers and facilitators, materials and methods they use, and their feelings about the approach of the Living with Diabetes guide and goal-setting strategy [24]. These interviews suggested (1) that clinicians do not use particular behavioral counseling strategies to facilitate goal-setting, (2) a belief that successfully communicating the nature of diabetes and its risks to patients is sufficient for patients to make behavior changes, and (3) that goal-setting has been a priority in the past but has not been maintained due to support staff turnover or completing duties for support staff assigned with the task. When asked about means of implementing the counseling into their practice settings, participants liked the idea of goal-setting but strongly believed that primary care providers had to play a major role in establishing and following up on patient goals rather than handing off responsibility for doing so to support staff. They all reported that the clinics were in the midst of implementing use of electronic health records (EHRs), so that incorporating goal-setting might be seen as an overwhelming task by their colleagues. However, they also reported that, unlike paper-based systems that were not sustainable, EHRs could help facilitate tracking of patient goals and follow-up. Finally, related to the training of healthcare providers in the use of the proposed LWD intervention, participants reported that the training would have to be engaging, time-limited, and presented in a way that would facilitate commitment. Participants believed that the use of goal-setting in the past was met with variable enthusiasm and foresaw that making it clear that the intervention addressed their challenges rather than adding to them would be helpful in getting providers to participate. They reported that previous interventions were influenced by those charged with implementation and believed having an esteemed colleague presenting the intervention during a group meeting of primary care providers would be most effective at winning support. Following the REP framework and based on the key informant interview findings, the opinions of the academic and community-based research team (i.e., the development team) and expert opinion (e.g., nationally recognized diabetes education, practice change, and implementation experts), an implementation package was created for community sites. The development of this package is described in the following section. 3.2. Satisfying Preimplementation: Drafting the Implementation Package The REP preimplementation activities include orienting settings to the intervention, explaining core elements, customizing delivery, logistics planning, staff training, and ongoing technical assistance. The core research team decided to incorporate these activities into a participatory process of developing the implementation package. The implementation package includes content to be used by a program champion—a clinician-colleague charged with the role of facilitating use of the intervention—and training materials to be used by clinicians and support staff engaged in diabetes care. The content also includes setup procedure, underlying theory and logic flow, scripts, and options for adapting the delivery of intervention core elements to local organizations in a way that does not compromise core elements, or means of ensuring intervention fidelity. Because of the desire to develop a package appropriate for larger scale dissemination efforts and because clinicians communicated the need for time limited and interactive elements, the university-based research team (after confirming the availability of the technological capacity in the CHCs) embarked on a process of organizing, tailoring, and developing content that is primarily web-based, including informative videos, checklists, interactive tutorials, and means of facilitating ongoing contact and support by the university-based researchers (Table 2). Table 2: Elements of implementation package. 3.2.1. Orientation The first element to be addressed by the implementation package is to orient sites to the tenets of the intervention. A number of means of accomplishing this task were discussed. However, because clinic staff members reported a need to facilitate commitment through a group presentation, the university-based research team decided to develop a voiceover presentation which highlighted (1) that the intervention was developed by an interdisciplinary team of clinician-researchers to address the frustrations of clinicians and patients around diabetes management; (2) the basic tenets of the intervention; (3) how it might be adapted to different clinic resources. Because clinician interviews communicated the potential of clinic sites to feel overwhelmed by changes introduced by the introduction of EHRs, the development team felt it particularly important to incorporate content strongly communicating that the intent of the intervention is to assist clinicians in their practice, particularly with their quality improvement efforts, rather than simply providing one more thing to do. The resulting product is a hybrid video-slide show introduction that is intended to be used by program champions during a group presentation to their colleagues. In addition, content about how to resolve possible technical difficulties that could be encountered when attempting to screen the presentation is included in the program champion materials. 3.2.2. Explain Core Elements The second element to be addressed by the implementation package is to provide an explanation of the intervention’s core elements, or those key to its effectiveness. Although the LWD intervention was intended to be adapted to the needs of individual settings, the research team concluded that its core elements included (1) an initial in-person goal-setting session for which the hardcopy Living with Diabetes guide reinforces and provides information for patients to take home and (2) two followup support sessions. Followup support may be provided in-person or via telephone [2527]. Because clinic staff members believed that supporting education and counseling by primary care providers was a key barrier to overcome but felt strongly that diabetes self-management support is most meaningful to patients if delivered by primary care providers and reinforced by other members of the health care team, the team focused on developing intervention trainings targeting primary care clinicians. However, the team also kept a broader audience in mind to facilitate use by other staff members should the clinic believe that others (e.g., nurses and health educators) should be involved with the patient goal-setting and followup process. The result is a module called Guiding Principles that is used to begin (and is used as a reference during) interactive trainings instructing those involved in diabetes care in how to engage patients in goal-setting and in the use of the hardcopy Living with Diabetes patient booklet. 3.2.3. Customize Delivery According to the REP process, customizing delivery of an intervention involves tailoring it to the needs of specific patient populations and clinic settings. Because the LWD materials and goal-setting process were developed and tested in academic settings serving vulnerable patient populations, both the academic research team and clinic-based coordinators felt it was well suited for both English-and Spanish-speaking patients served by the CHCs. Further, because the goal-setting process is meant to facilitate the creation of personal goals with the help of care providers, the team felt the intervention was responsive to patients’ desire for interventions customized to their personal needs as well as to the needs of primary care clinicians who have communicated a high level of frustration with behavior change counseling [24, 27] but—as reported by the clinic staff members during interviews—are without a formal strategy with which to engage and support patients. 3.2.4. Logistics Planning A key element of the REP process is attempting to maintain an intervention’s effectiveness upon dissemination to a new setting by preserving key elements of its success while allowing for adaptation to the context (e.g., staff, resources, competing priorities, and patient population) of specific clinic settings. Therefore, content in how the LWD intervention might be adapted to CHC settings in a way that maintains elements key to its effectiveness was developed for those taking on the role of program champion. The content includes (1) how an initial goal-setting session might be conducted and (2) how followup contact by primary care provider and/or clinic support staff might be accomplished during routine care for patients with diabetes. However, after feedback of national experts and stakeholders, the university-based research team recognized that the logistics of implementing the intervention also involves the fine art of facilitating organizational change. Therefore, the team sought additional resources to support program champions in the complex task of planning and implementing the intervention within their clinic settings. Because of its public availability and comprehensive steps for program champions to consider when implementing an intervention in a new setting, the university-based research team decided to adapt the implementation tools put forth by the TeamStepps program, which is a collective effort between the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality and the Department of Defense to improve patient safety (see http://teamstepps.ahrq.gov/about-2cl_3.htm). The TeamStepps materials outline steps for planning and implementing a patient safety program, including sections on conducting a needs assessment, planning, training, and implementing. Details regarding planning for change, gaining leadership commitment, communicating a plan, final preparation, training, and implementation were believed most germane to this phase of the REP framework and to implementing the LWP in the CHCs. Details for each of these steps were made specific for the goal-setting intervention and patient materials and described in (1) an in-depth online presentation and (2) a checklist, both of which are intended for program champions. Program Champion Checklist: (1) Plan for Change Completion Date (i) Map current information, processes, and available resources for diabetes self-management support in your clinic.(ii) Identify methods of tracking patient goals in your clinic.(a) In an EMR, other tracking systems and/or.(b) Designating one person to followup on patient goals.(iii) Identify teamwork deficiencies around diabetes self-management support.(a) Are there additional support needs related to functioning as a team?(b) Are there areas where communication between team members needs to improve before patients’ behavioral goals can be tracked?(iv) Define the goal of your intervention as Program Champion.(a) State in one sentence what will be achieved, who will be involved (whose behavior will change), and when and where the change will occur.(b)For example, all primary care clinicians will begin using the Living with Diabetes counseling strategy and materials with diabetes patients, and tracking behavioral goals in a new EMR field, beginning on February 1st.(v) Identify a team goal related to the using the Living with Diabetes Program.(a) Some examples of process goals.(a.1) 80% of patients with diabetes have a behavioral goal.(a.2) Of patients who have received the materials, 75% have received a phone call within 1 month about the goal.(a.3) 90% of patients with diabetes given the materials.(a.4) Action plans/goals set and/or progress recorded for 75% of diabetes patients seen during March.(b) Some examples of clinical outcome goals.(b.1) Reduction in A1Cs.(b.2) Improvements in patient satisfaction.(vi) Develop an implementation plan.(a) Identify what groups will be invited to do the online clinician training.(b) When and how will the program be introduced to the clinic (i.e., during a group meeting)?(c) Determine how long clinicians and staff will be given to complete training and, after they are introduced to the training, when the patient materials can start being used? (2) Gain Leadership Commitment Completion Date(i) Inform leaders of all facets of the plan.(a) How will clinical processes be used to implement the Living with Diabetes counseling strategy?(b) How will patient’s goals be tracked?(c) How the Living with Diabetes Program be introduced to the clinic?(c.1) Who will be involved?(c.2) How they will be trained? (3) Communicate the Plan Completion Date(i) Communicate the goals of the Living with Diabetes Program during a group Meeting.(a) Make use of the online introduction provided by the research team.(ii) Present the detailed plan for using the Living with Diabetes Program.(a) Describe the detailed plan for using the patient materials during routine care, including concrete details of.(a.1) Where the materials will be located.(a.2) Who is involved.(a.3) What EMR fields (if any) are used for tracking patient’s action plans.(b) Details of the online training modules outlining how to use the materials and set behavioral goals with patients.(b.1) Make use of the interactive tutorial.(c) Communicate a start date.(iii) Supply the following.(a) Hardcopies of the patient materials.(b) Concrete examples of what needs to be done to track goals.(b.1)For example, if using clinical information systems, screen shots of new fields added or how to use existing fields are extremely helpful.(iv) Clearly identify where colleagues should go if they are having difficulty using the online training, patient materials, or tracking patient action plans.(v) Elicit any final feedback. (4) Final Preparation Completion Date. Based on any additional input, refine the implementation plan regarding use of the patient materials, counseling strategy, followup of patient action plans, and training (5) Training Completion Date(i) Send email invitations to targeted clinicians and staff directing them to the online training, including a reminder of.(a) Where materials are located.(b) How goals are tracked.(c) Concrete deadlines for completing the training. (6) Implementation Completion Date. Begin using the Living with Diabetes patient materials and tracking action plans! 3.2.5. Staff Training The next step in the implementation package as suggested by the REP framework is the development of the staff training or, in this case, the training of clinicians and associated staff in how to couple the Living with Diabetes patient guide with a goal-setting process with patients. Based on the need for short, relevant, and engaging trainings to fit into a hectic workday, the instructional designer developed an interactive, web-based tutorial based on the clinical experiences of (1) the clinician-researchers who developed the Living with Diabetes materials and intervention; (2) the research assistants who conducted the original intervention study using the Living with Diabetes patient guide [26]; (3) the research coordinators working in the CHC sites. The module, which is also informed by the intrinsic motivation model advanced by Malone and Lepper [28], interactively demonstrates how to work with low-literacy patients, common barriers to a successful goal-setting session (e.g., patients setting behavior change goals that are too large to fit into their lifestyle), and challenges clinician assumptions by using informal assessment techniques (e.g., feedback for incorrect choices). Through this simulation, clinicians practice preferred intervention strategies and, more importantly, work past common barriers to support behavior change in patients. The interactive tutorial also simulates a role-playing exercise that could be practiced during an on-site workshop. Moving through the modules takes approximately 20 minutes but, because of its interactive nature, the time required for training is highly variable and can be completed at once or incrementally. The interactivity of the tutorial also enables the development team to track clinician use of training materials and collect feedback from clinicians, with permission from the clinician, to help the team improve the web-based curriculum in future iterations. 3.2.6. Technical Assistance According to the REP framework, the final step in the preimplementation phase is to develop means of providing ongoing assistance to clinic sites regarding the use of the intervention. This process should be proactive, in which sites are contacted routinely and prompted for questions and concerns. For next steps related to this particular study, during the implementation phase, program champions in the four clinics involved in the development process will be routinely contacted for questions, concerns, and lessons learned. In broader dissemination efforts, this process could be facilitated by having those who use the online resources disclose their name, contact information, and the dates during which they intend to begin using the intervention. In addition, while not proactive, the web-based resources display the core research team’s email contact at all times. All correspondence occurring through this channel will be tracked by the research team, with the goal being a response within 48 hours. Finally, while not a part of the definition of technical assistance as intended by the REP framework, two additional forms of needed support were identified and content was developed as a result of piloting the program champion and clinician-staff tutorials. This content relates to the possible technical problems that might be encountered while using the online resources and steps to address these should they arise and is readily accessible on the program champion and clinician-staff training websites. 4. Discussion The REP offered a useful framework for providing guidance toward the development of a strategy to successfully implement a diabetes self-management support intervention incorporating goal-setting and followup support in CHCs. Using the REP to guide the development process called attention to several barriers and facilitators of implementation that may not have otherwise been explicitly addressed. That said, the process of engaging a diverse stakeholder group and soliciting in-depth opinions of clinic staff members not only added detail to the framework, but also uncovered additional areas in need of significant attention, particularly related to facilitating practice changes by program champions. An example of an area that might not have been emphasized without the REP framework, but one for which additional content was uncovered by the iterative development process, was the need to provide ongoing technical assistance on the web-based technology to clinic sites. According to the REP framework, technical assistance is expert support related to use of the intervention itself. To this end, a great deal of thought was put into prompting the program champions as well as tracking questions and suggestions as we move into the next REP phase of formally implementing the goal-setting and followup support intervention in clinic settings. However, an additional element of technical assistance was uncovered by the development team and stakeholders as they tested the web-based content and, at varying degrees, encountered difficulties using the technology. As a result, content providing instruction to both program champions and those using the tutorial about how to address potential technological issues was developed. As anticipated, interviews with clinic staff uncovered a number of areas that had to be addressed during training. First and foremost, the training needed to deliver key content in a way that was readily accessible, engaging, and time-limited. However, we were unclear whether this content should target primary care clinicians or support staff. Results of interviews with clinic staff strongly suggested the need to target primary care providers themselves, with support staff taking a secondary role in the goal-setting and followup provided to patients. However, less obvious was the amount of effort that would have to be dedicated to support those who are largely charged with the role of implementing the intervention, or the program champions. While the REP process itself is meant to facilitate commitment from a number of stakeholders, it is less explicit about means of accomplishing this at the clinic level, where the program champion is attempting to influence change. Finding methods of accomplishing the work of an intervention within busy primary care clinics is a primary challenge of any implementation effort, but interviews with clinic staff also supported a growing body of research documenting that gaining the support of those carrying out the intervention is a significant, if not the most significant, element in successfully implementing practice changes [29]. It appeared to the development team that the TeamStepps curriculum, if adapted to the particulars of the intervention, would add adequate structure to the training and support of program champions. Interviews with clinic staff revealed that any implementation effort in primary care is done in the extremely hectic milieu of busy practice settings. In the case of this intervention, two factors appear to work in favor of the diabetes goal-setting intervention (1) that goal-setting is seen as a measure of clinical quality for a number of payers and accrediting bodies and (2) that, while implementation of electronic medical records is currently burdensome to clinic settings, they will likely provide means of implementing and sustaining goal-setting in the CHCs. However, this speaks to the importance of steps outlined in the preconditions phase of the REP framework that help ensure that a given intervention addresses the needs of a population and that well-informed stakeholders (i.e., clinicians) believe it can be implemented. There are numerous areas by which the process of developing the implementation strategy might be improved. The development process would have benefitted greatly from additional information regarding how to best support the role of program champion. This might have been accomplished by asking additional questions of the clinic staff members who were interviewed, or by recruiting additional participants who have been charged to making practice changes in the past. While we attempted to address this omission by incorporating and adapting content from the TeamStepps program, which is based on extensive work conducted by AHRQ and the DOD, we are yet unclear whether this element will fully address the needs of the program champions as they attempt to implement this intervention. Those examining the development process will also notice that the voice of patients is absent. While we believed that the formative work conducted during the LWD intervention itself adequately captured the opinions of patients [24], the clinic staff who were interviewed communicated that patients are likely to respond best to primary care providers emphasizing the creation of goals. Because feasibility testing of the original LWD intervention used nonclinician research assistants for the counseling process, it is unclear how patients may respond to primary care clinicians using the intervention materials and process. We will better understand whether (and how) our efforts successfully support program champions and target the appropriate clinic personnel following the testing of the implementation process. 5. Conclusion Increasing recognition of the translational gap between efficacious interventions and their widespread adaptation and use in routine clinical practice has led researchers to more systematically examine the contextual and organizational factors likely to influence implementation. In this study, we used the REP framework to guide the development of a strategy to implement a diabetes self-management intervention in community health center primary care settings. Our findings, reported here in relation to the first two REP phases of preconditions and preimplementation, demonstrate the benefit of relying on a structured approach to guide this process. Researchers considering the use of REP or other such frameworks may also consider the need to maintain flexibility as variations in contextual factors will likely influence both the approach and decisions about resource allocation. Lastly, as the evolving field of implementation science matures, it will be important for researchers to report their experiences as a way to further refine both overall protocols and specific strategies to enhance translational efforts. Acknowledgments Support for this study was provided by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Nurse Faculty Scholars Program (no. 68031; A. Wallace, P.I.), and by the University of Iowa’s Institute for Clinical and Translational Science (National Center for Research Resources no. UL1RR024979). 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2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:38:07.000Z	i2yhxzx2u2l5kt7rahxcqa2bjgtelfjx	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35158", "uncompressed_offset": 495970312, "url": "www.mariowiki.com/Larry", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.mariowiki.com/Larry" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Larry Koopa From the Super Mario Wiki (Redirected from Larry) Jump to: navigation, search Larry Koopa Larry Koopa's appearance from New Super Mario Bros. U. Full Name Larry Koopa Species Koopa First Appearance Super Mario Bros. 3 (1988) Latest Appearance New Super Mario Bros. U (2012) Latest Portrayal Lani Minella (2009-present) “I am the emperor of eavesdropping!” Cheatsy Koopa, Super Mario World TV Show Larry Koopa (known as Cheatsy Koopa in the cartoons) is the youngest of the seven-member clan known as the Koopalings. Larry and his siblings are very loyal to Bowser and were originally depicted as his own children, however this idea was usually omitted in games released after their debut in Super Mario Bros. 3, and in a recent interview, Shigeru Miyamoto confirmed that Nintendo's current story was that they are not Bowser's children and that Bowser Jr. is Bowser's only son[1]. Larry has blue hair much like Ludwig, and as shown in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, he has an interest in tennis. He also likes to sing songs/symphonies about himself as seen in the Super Mario World episode "Gopher Bash". In the Prima official guide for Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3, Larry was referred to as Bowser's favorite Koopaling. He originally had four visible fangs on the top corners of both sides of his mouth, however in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, he only has two. While many sources claim he was named after the American talk show host Larry King[2], like all the other Koopalings, Larry was named after a musician: Larry Mullen Jr., the drummer for the rock band U2[3]. Contents [edit] History [edit] Super Mario series [edit] Super Mario Bros. 3 In Larry's first appearance, Super Mario Bros. 3, he was the first Koopaling to be battled. He had stolen the magic wand from the king of Grass Land and turned him into a dog (a Cobrat In the SNES version). After Mario had gone through all of the airship's cannons, he battled Larry in his cabin, who was determined to fight Mario for the wand as he knew the alternative would be Bowser loudly reprimanding him for failure. In this battle, Larry would jump around and shoot magic blasts from his stolen magic wand. He would need to be jumped on three times to be defeated. He is then forced to make a quick retreat. Mario got the wand back, the king was returned to normal, and thanked him for returning him to his original state. His role is expanded slightly in the opening cutscene of the GBA remake, Super Mario Advance 4. He is shown breaking into the Grass Land castle at the dead of night during a thunderstorm, stealing the wand, and then turning the King into a Cobrat, leading to Grass Land's request for the Mushroom Kingdom's assistance. [edit] Super Mario World Larry, as he appeared in Super Mario World. Larry's second appearance was in the last world of Super Mario World, the Valley of Bowser. In battle, he utilized Iggy's attack pattern. He would sit on top of a tilting platform on top of lava and was immune to all of Mario's attacks. However, unlike Iggy, Larry's platform had three Podoboos that jumped up and down. He could also throw more than one ball at one time. Larry would need to be jumped on until he fell off his platform. After the battle, Mario kicked away his castle (literally), and gained access to Bowser's Castle. This was Larry's first time being the last Koopaling to fight in in the Mario games he's appeared in so far. [edit] New Super Mario Bros. Wii The Koopalings make their 3D-rendered debut in New Super Mario Bros. Wii. Larry is the boss of World 1, which is reminiscent of Super Mario Bros. 3. In this appearance, Larry looks almost the same as before, but his two small fangs are now gone, he has a star-shaped birthmark similar to Morton, though it's near the back of his head and he has a light-blue coloured shell similar to the colour of his hair. Before battling him, he is shocked at Mario's presence, rages about it and gets ready to fight. In the first battle, Larry will fire blue fireballs at Mario and jump. After being hit, he will retreat into his shell and start to spin around the area, causing Mario damage if he comes in contact with him. After three stomps on the head, Larry will be defeated, retreating to his castle in World 1. Larry's second battle (in his castle) is in a room filled with platforms that shift up and down thanks to Kamek's magic. Larry has the same tactics as his last fight. However, his shell dash attack is more difficult to avoid because of the moving room, unless he gets stuck between two of the platforms. After three more stomps Larry is defeated. After this fight he will fall off screen, leaving the key to the desert, where Roy is. In the ending, he is shown limping when he comes across Bowser Jr., who points to the other Koopalings, and they watch as their siblings prop Bowser up, but unfortunately, the castle falls on all of them. [edit] New Super Mario Bros. 2 Larry is a boss once again in New Super Mario Bros. 2. He is the castle boss of World Mushroom, an unlockable world. Like in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, he'll throw a tantrum on the fact that Mario made through his castle before fighting him once more. His battle features three blue platforms in the middle of the room, four holes, two on the floor and two on the ceiling and two stone pillars, which go in and out of the four holes, always one on the top and one on the floor. Using his magic wand, Larry shoots sky blue fireballs, which ricochet off the walls upon contact, similar to Wendy's rings. Oddly, despite being seen dragging Princess Peach along when his world is unlocked, the aftermath of the battle does not have Mario discovering Princess Peach in the room after him. A similar oddity appears with Lemmy in World Flower. Like all the other Koopalings, Mario will have to jump on Larry´s head to defeat him. After 3 stomps, Larry is defeated, leaving the key to World 3. Larry survived the encounter, and rejoined his comrades at Bowser's castle, where they attempted to petrify Mario with their Koopa Clown Car's petrification device. He also aided Bowser alongside the rest of the Koopalings by causing him to grow larger, but it resulted in him and the others being knocked into a lava pit by Bowser due to his increased size. He and the other Koopalings survived, however, and attempted to help Bowser by airlifting him with the Koopa Clown Car, but this resulted in it crashing due to it being unable to handle the combined weight of both them and Bowser. Larry ended up flung into a tree as a result of the crash. In the New Super Mario Bros 2 guide, Iggy Koopa was also mistaken for Larry in World 2. [edit] New Super Mario Bros. U Mario facing Larry Koopa in New Super Mario Bros. U. Larry reappears in New Super Mario Bros. U, alongside the rest of the Koopalings, Boom Boom, Kamek, and Bowser Jr.. He is the boss of Sparkling Waters. His battle strategy is to blast fireballs and use water blasts from the pool below the arena, which act like the pillars from his previous New Super Mario Bros. battles. When Larry is spinning in his shell, the water geysers will give his shell a boost upwards making it a bit difficult to avoid. After two stomps, Larry will start to cast two fireballs in quick succession. In addition, he is one of only three Koopalings to retain the use of a Magic Scepter, the others being Iggy and Ludwig. When the player reaches his airship at the end of Sparkling Waters' Castle, he'll emit a mocking laugh. However, when Mario actually boards his airship, Larry will once again get into one of his rages. Three hits to his head and he falls off-screen. Despite this, Larry survived, and was later picked up along with the rest of the Koopalings by Bowser Jr., although they ended up escaping by hanging onto Bowser's tail after the latter inadvertently destroyed Bowser Jr's (already damaged) ship. Larry's airship is designed after him, with his face for the bow and his sky blue-colored shell on the top of the ship. The stern of his ship has a green color design, similar to his shell color from past appearances. Like most of the airships, Larry's airship is equipped with a propeller at the back of his ship as well as another one placed just beneath the crow's nest. The airship is equipped with two cannons, one on each side. There are also yellow lids on top of the cannons used for opening and closing them. The interior of Larry's ship resembles a pirate ship, with compasses upon the top of the room, the ceiling of the room having a map design and the windows resembling steering wheels found on an old ship. On a side note, Larry is the only Koopaling to not receive new artwork, with his New Super Mario Bros. Wii artwork simply being reused, although with an updated look. Roy's artwork was also recycled, however it was mirrored and altered to add his Bill Blaster weapon. Also, the top of Larry's Magic Scepter will turn pink when Mario jumps on his head. Larry's role is slightly expanded, as he is in a challenge in Challenge Mode in Larry's Groundless Battle. This is exactly like the battle in the main game, except the player cannot touch the ground. The player can touch the geysers, however. [edit] Mario is Missing Larry is the first boss in the PC version of Mario is Missing!, where it takes a single blast from a Fire Flower to defeat him. He also taunts Luigi with the knowledge that he won't see his brother again, although he also admits that even he doesn't know the door Mario is trapped in. Eventually, after realizing that Luigi possesses a Fire Flower, and thus is capable of defeating him, Larry attempts to talk his way out by claiming that he's on Luigi's side, only for Luigi to ignore him. Larry does not appear in the SNES version of Mario is Missing!, although he is pictured alongside the similarly-absent Morton and Lemmy in the manual of the SNES version. [edit] Yoshi's Safari Larry in Yoshi's Safari. In Yoshi's Safari, Larry is the boss of Crescent Coast. Larry rides in a sun-like submarine that has a purple face and has a blue nose. Mario had to shoot at the nose to get it to open up and expose Larry. He will then zoom around the screen while Mario continued to shoot at it. Eventually the submarine will break and Larry will hold a white flag while he floats up to the surface. [edit] DIC Cartoons [edit] The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 Cheatsy Koopa, as he appeared in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3. In The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 produced by Nintendo and DIC Entertainment, he was named Cheatsy Koopa and was usually scheming up Bowser's latest plan, sometimes in conjunction with Kooky. There are several physical differences between Larry and Cheatsy: Larry's hair is pointed upwards but Cheatsy's hair was flatter and much more untamed; Cheatsy was almost always seen squinting and was given an overbite, and had a tail that curled around like a pig's. He appears the most of all the Koopa Kids. Cheatsy was voiced by James Rankin. Additionally, in the continuity of the cartoons, Hip and Hop were the youngest Koopalings, not Cheatsy. A very common animation goof regarding Cheatsy was that his green head was often colored orange, the same color as the rest of his body. One particular shot in the episode "The Beauty of Kootie" even had his head mistakenly colored purple. Sneaking Lying Cheating Giant Ninja Koopas: Cheatsy was assigned with several of his brothers to be Giant Ninja Koopas in order to capture Prince Hugo in Giant Land by King Koopa. Cheatsy and his brother managed to capture not only Hugo, but Luigi, Toad and Princess Toadstool too. Cheatsy and his brothers are later defeated, turned back to their normal selves by Mario and co. which Koopa manages to go through a Warp Pipe to a Warp Zone with Cheatsy and his siblings. The Beauty of Kootie: In the episode Cheatsy works with Kootie Pie to refill the Doomship engine with oil, which caused the Sultan's jacuzzi to be filled with oil. Cheatsy then turns Kootie into a human to distract the Mario Bros, but Cheatsy turned Kootie back but she fell for Luigi who was transformed into Casanova Koopa but goes back to his normal self. Cheatsy and Kootie chase after him but again are defeated. Princess Toadstool for President: Cheatsy and Kooky make a Nice Guy Potion for King Koopa so he can be elected to be king of the Mushroom Kingdom. Cheatsy and Kooky eventually have to make more as the old one was all used up but the Mario Bros. learned about this and ruined their last batch, thus stopping Koopa from becoming King. Never Koop a Koopa: In this episode Cheatsy and Koopa capture the gang and Koopa teaches Cheatsy about double-crossing. Cheatsy later double-crosses Koopa into signing the Mushroom Kingdom to him but Koopa tells him its just a smiley face and chases him around his throne. Tag Team Trouble: Koopa and Cheatsy plans to get one million gold coins, which Toad thinks they stole his for the Orphanage. Cheatsy enters the Sledge Brothers to fight Toad's cousins but like his name displays cheats and hypnotizes them to sleep for two days. But Cheatsy didn't prepare for Mario and Luigi, with help from Starmen beat them and win the gold coins. Misadventure of Mighty Plumber: Cheatsy has a minor role as he takes toys from the T.V. like a race car for Hip and Hop and then Mighty Plumber. Cheatsy later is forced by Mario to put Mighty Plumber back into the T.V. A Toadally Magical Adventure: Cheatsy and his siblings attempted to steal a Magic Scepter but to no avail by the Mario Bros. Cheatsy his family stole the wand and controlled the Pipe Monsters to grab the bros. but with help from Toad defeated them and gave back the wand. Misadventures in Babysitting: When Junior came Cheatsy, Kooky and Bully tricked him into trapping the Mario Bros. until Kooky set molten lava in the Pipe Maze where they nearly killed him but with the help of the Mario Bros. they were foiled once again. Do the Koopa: Cheatsy, Bully and Big Mouth go to get the Doom Dancer Music Box and steal it for Koopa. Cheatsy uses Big Mouth's string and grabs the Music Box for Koopa, only for Bully to uses it to make him and the other dance. Koopa then uses it to make everyone dance until Mario covers his ears and destroys it. Kootie Pie Rocks: Cheatsy helps Koopa bring Milli Vanilli to Kootie Pie, using the Doomship to kidnap them from a concert in New York City, which was being attended by Princess Toadstool, Toad and the Mario Bros. 7 Continents for 7 Koopas: In this he helps his dad take over the Real World by taking over Australia. Cheatsy turns every human into a kangaroo, except one. He turns this man into a prawn, while alligators dressed as chefs attempt to put him on the grill. Cheatsy was foiled as Toadstool turns everyone back to normal and removes the alligator's teeth. After barely escaping from being thrown on a grill, he retreats back to the Mushroom Kingdom. [edit] Super Mario World television series It has been requested that this section should be expanded to include more information. Cheatsy's appearance in the Super Mario World television series. In the Super Mario World animated series, Cheatsy's hair was changed to a lighter green color and drawn a tad thicker, most likely to resemble his appearance in the game. Cheatsy also played the role of the referee of a football game in "The Yoshi Shuffle" and he even got his own self-praising song in "Gopher Bash" called Cheatsy's Life. [edit] Comics Larry often appeared in Nintendo Comics System comics, published by Valiant. Unlike his siblings and his father, he didn't speak an intelligible language (whether he was unable to or didn't by choice was not revealed). Instead, he spoke in pictures, which were only understood by Lemmy. However, in the Super Mario Adventures comic, he was able to speak intelligibly. [edit] Nintendo Adventure Books In Leaping Lizards, either Larry or Ludwig compete alongside five of their siblings in the International Mushroom Games. In Koopa Capers, Larry and his brothers have their wands stolen by Wendy, who disappears with them shortly afterward, intent on overthrowing their father with her own army, and a super wand she intends to create by fusing her own wand with her brothers'. If Luigi, who had been coerced by Bowser into searching for Wendy, tracks the female Koopaling down to her hideout, Bowser and the male Koopalings, who had been following him, will barge in after the plumber, but decide to stave off punishing Wendy for her treachery if she helps search for the hiding Luigi. If Luigi had acquired Boom Boom's socks earlier in his adventure, he can toss them into Wendy's simmering wand combination potion, which will release fumes that knock the entire Koopa family and their minions out for at least a week. In Dinosaur Dilemma, if Mario and Yoshi decide to hide from Bowser in the kitchen while snooping around his Dinosaur Island Castle, Larry (incorrectly described as having red and blue hair) will sneak up on the two, and steal several coins out of Mario's pocket before dumping a large pan of sticky, uncooked dough on him and Yoshi, trapping them. [edit] Hotel Mario Larry in Hotel Mario. The last appearance of Larry for several years was in the obscure Hotel Mario. He was found and battled in Larry's Chillton Hotel with the words "Larry's Cave Hotel" and "This mine is mine" written on the entrance. In battle, Larry would attack by using bombs as bowling balls. Like most other battles, this Koopaling can eat the Mario Bros. in (presumably) one gulp if they meet in an elevator. [edit] Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga Superstar Saga Enemy Larry HP 550 Defense 145 Speed 93 EXP Gained 800* Coins Dropped 99* Item Dropped Max Mushroom Location(s) Bowser's Castle Notice What is gained upon winning the battle (denoted with *) can be changed by Badges or Equipment from E. Gadd. After several years of absence, Larry reappeared in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga after Wendy was defeated. He was the last Koopaling to be fought. Before battle, Larry would trap Luigi in a barrel and shoot fireballs at him. To engage Larry, Luigi would need to stand in front of the Bob-omb to bounce them back, and he would bounce them back with his tennis racket. Luigi had to continue bouncing the Bob-omb back until one of the projectiles hit Larry. In battle, he would spit fireballs (similar to the other Koopalings) and bounce them back with his tennis racket, and spinning similar to Iggy or Ludwig. He is also able to call in assistance in the form of a Time Bob-omb. He can also defend himself ; If the player jumps or uses Knockback Bros, the Bros. will get poisoned or burnt .In the end, he was defeated and once again disappeared. Defeating Larry caused the spikes blocking their path to disappear, allowing Mario and Luigi to battle Fawful. [edit] Other Appearances and References In Super Paper Mario, there is a game named Larry Koopa: Zombie Heartbreaker that Francis owns. In Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games, a costume that's based on Larry can be unlocked. [edit] Super Princess Peach Unused Super Princess Peach sprite sheet. Larry was originally going to appear in Super Princess Peach, although he was taken out of the final game with the rest of the Koopalings. [edit] Character Description Like his siblings, Larry has yellow and tan skin, and a green head. He is set apart by the blue star on the side of his head, which is similar to Morton's star and the stripes on the side of Lemmy's head. Larry has two, fang-like teeth in the upper corners of both sides of his snout; they are the same as Roy's. His mouth is feline-shaped, as his lips are deeply curved, and his nose is flat; it is relatively the same as Roy's aside from the jawline. He also has a four-ribbed, padded stomach and padded feet. He has large, oval eyes that are light blue, like Wendy. His head is oval-shaped as well. He is on the small side when compared to the others. Larry can easily be recognized by his spiky, combed back hair. It is ice blue with highlights and blue roots (although it was depicted as white in his sprites for Super Mario Bros. 3 and Super Mario World due to graphical limitations). Over time his hairstyle has remained relatively consistent. His shell is also light blue, lined with a white encasing, and the multiple, short spikes are circled with blue rings. Originally his shell was green, as seen in both his artwork and his sprites for Super Mario Bros. 3 and Super Mario World. He wears the same metal, spiked cuffs the other Koopalings. [edit] Personality and Traits Like the other Koopalings, not much of Larry's personality has been revealed. He seems to have an interest in sports, as he uses bombs as bowling balls in Hotel Mario, and he uses a tennis racket to hit his own fireballs in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. Despite this interest, he has never appeared in any of the Mario sports games. In New Super Mario Bros. Wii as well as New Super Mario Bros 2, Larry was shown to be short-tempered. Additionally, he didn't possess a lot of stamina, as he was quite far behind his family, trying to catch his breath, while his siblings were trying to help Bowser up off the ground. Although, this may be due to the fact that he was residing in World 1, presumably the furthest world from Bowser's Castle in World 8. The Japanese manual for Super Mario Bros. 3 implies that he looks up to Bowser in a manner that borders fanaticism. However, in Mario is Missing!, Larry does attempt to talk his way out of being defeated by Luigi when sensing that the latter is about to win against him. In The Adventures of the Super Mario Bros. 3 and the Super Mario World animated series, Larry was known as Cheatsy Koopa and he was given a personality to match his name, as he was sneaky, unfair, and devious. For example, he attempts to double-cross Bowser in his attempt to obtain the Mushroom Kingdom from Princess Peach in "Never Koop a Koopa". He also eavesdrops on a conversation between Mario and Yoshi in "The Yoshi Shuffle". It is also shown that he enjoys listening to music, as shown in the episode "Never Koop a Koopa", where he is ignoring his father's lecture and listening to music on a set of headphones. He seems to be sarcastic too, as shown in "Gopher Bash", he says Don't just help him! Stand there! to his minions. In the PC version of Mario is Missing!, Larry is shown acting tough as the first guard, but shows cowardice once Luigi gains a Fire Flower and has the potential to destroy him. Like Ludwig, he is also into a horror theme, as seen in Hotel Mario, since the room that the player fights him in is called "Larry's Scary Lair". His hotel itself is very dark and the entrance states, "THIS MINE IS MINE". [edit] Powers and Abilities Like the other Koopalings, Larry has shown the ability to generate magic blasts, as well as walk, run, or jump, as well as spin inside of his shell. He is usually the weakest of the group due to him being faced in battle before the others in most games, although in some occasions he is actually the last to be fought and his abilities are altered accordingly. In New Super Mario Bros. Wii the only magic he can perform with his wand is to make a low heated blue fire ball. Unlike the other Koopalings, Larry doesn't show any signs of improvisation, as he keeps his battle tactics mostly the same when the player fights him the second time. In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga he has the same stats as Iggy and uses the same technique of spinning around at extreme speeds in order to make his foes dizzy. He is unique in that he uses a tennis racket to spar with the Mario Bros. before the actual battle, and in Hotel Mario, he used a bowling ball against them. In the former game, he is also capable of utilizing poison and burn status effects as a deterrent against Bros. Attacks. In New Super Mario Bros. 2, he also fires energy blasts at Mario that ricochet against obstacles, similar to Wendy's rings. He also used water geysers to his advantage in his battle in New Super Mario Bros. U. In Super Mario World, Larry shares Iggy's tactics against the Mario Bros. by throwing balls at them that he keeps in his shell. However, he also raises the stakes by having podoboos periodically jump up, and flings balls at a faster frequency than Iggy. Sprites from Super Princess Peach relating to his planned appearance implied that he would have utilized his spin attack once again against Peach. Similarly, it would have been implied that his Vibe-state during what would have been the second half would have been "Calm." [edit] Official Profiles and Statistics [edit] Bio from The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 Writers Bible He loves to tie people up and then challenge them to a foot race. In reform school, he copied so many test papers, he got writer's claw. His hobby is counterfeiting Gold Coins, and he does such a great job of it, that Koopa has put him in charge of the Kastle Koopa treasury, where he happily spends every day cheating his brother and sister Koopalings on their allowances. When Koopa wants to be sneaky and devious, he calls on Cheatsy. [edit] List of Appearances by Date Title Description Original Release Date System/Format Super Mario Bros. 3 Boss NPC Japan: October 23, 1988 NES Super Mario World Boss NPC Japan: November 21, 1990 SNES Mario is Missing Boss NPC North America: 1992 PC, SNES Yoshi's Safari Boss NPC Japan: July 14, 1993 SNES Hotel Mario Boss NPC North America: December 31, 1994 CD-i Mario Golf Name appears on score board Japan: 1999 N64 Mario Golf Name appears on score board Japan: 1999 GBC Super Mario Advance 2 Boss NPC Japan: December 14, 2001 GBA Super Mario Advance 4 Boss NPC Japan: July 21, 2003 GBA Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga Boss NPC North America: November 17, 2003 GBA New Super Mario Bros. Wii Boss NPC Australia: November 12, 2009 Wii Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games Mii Costume North America: 2011 Wii, 3DS New Super Mario Bros. 2 Boss NPC Japan: July 28, 2012 3DS New Super Mario Bros. U Boss NPC North America: 2012 Wii U [edit] Gallery For this subject's image gallery, see Gallery:Larry Koopa. [edit] Trivia • Larry is one of only two Koopalings whose placement in their birth order is officially confirmed, the other being Ludwig von Koopa. [edit] Quotes • "We took 7 wands from the 7 kings. Each of us has one. Our father has instructed us to protect the wands." - The Super Mario Bros. 3 manual (page 5) • "「マヌケな国王から巻き上げた杖は全部で7本。オレ達兄弟が1本ずつ持ってるって訳さ。オヤジに怒鳴られるのはイヤだから、そう簡単に渡す訳にはいかないぜ。」(There are 7 wands that we took from the 7 dumb kings in total. Each of we siblings has one. There is no way we can give Mario the wands easily because we don't want to get yelled at by our dad.)" - The Super Mario Bros. 3Japanese manual (page 4) • "I hate it when people sneak...unless I'm doing the sneaking!" - Do the Koopa • "At last,... my time has come!!!" - Gopher Bash • "I like your Big Bang Theory, King Dad!" - Never Koop a Koopa • "Don't just help him, stand there!" - Gopher Bash • "I was only doing bad, like you taught me!" - Never Koop a Koopa • "I'm not rushing, I'm helping." - Princess Toadstool for President • "Guards! Take the prisoner away to my room." - Never Koop a Koopa • "Listen to me, you pathetic pea-brained problem-producing plumbers! You'll never see your crops again!" - Gopher Bash • "The only way you guys are gonna eat is by shopping at the Koopa Mart. So long, suckers!" - Gopher Bash • "I am the emperor of eavesdropping." - The Yoshi Shuffle • "Hi Luigi. We figured you would be coming by. Pity you're never going to see your brother again. I don't even know which door leads to Mario." - Mario is Missing! • "Nice try, plunger puss, but only fire can hurt me." - Mario is Missing! • "No plumbers behind that door? Go ahead, try another. The wrong door has many handles, plumber dude." - Mario is Missing! • "Uh, Luigi, old pal, buddy. You know, I've always been on your side all along. Really. Don't burn yourself with that fire flower, pal." - Mario is Missing! [edit] Names in Other Languages Language Name Meaning Japanese ラリー Rarī Larry, from the English name Spanish Larry Koopa Trampas Koopa (cartoon series) - Cheatsy Koopa German Larry Koopa Cheatsy Koopa (cartoon series) - Korean 래리 Raeri Larry, from the English/Japanese name [edit] References 1. ^ Screw Attack reports that "The koopalings are NOT related to Bowser!!!" and provide a scan of a Game Informer interview with Shigeru Miyamoto. Posted September 12, 2012. (Retrieved September 19, 2012) 2. ^ The Official Nintendo Magazine states that "US talk show host Larry King inspired Larry Koopa" Retrieved January 8, 2011 3. ^ As explained by Dayvv Brooks (former Nintendo of America employee), on July 18, 2012. Personal tools	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:25:12.000Z	6k3zestcjmumxb3nz75usjc4pfeq4q24	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35161", "uncompressed_offset": 503041830, "url": "www.mepis.org/docs/en/index.php?title=Acesabes_Workbench", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.mepis.org/docs/en/index.php?title=Acesabes_Workbench" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Acesabes Workbench From MEPIS Documentation Wiki Jump to: navigation, search -Nice tidy workbench here! Will start a manual Nvidia graphics driver install how to soon i think... Acesabe 05:51, 9 Feb 2006 (EST) And a year and a half later....! Installing Nivida Graphics Drivers - Manually Although the MEPIS X-Windows Assistant offers an easy way to install Nvidia drivers, sometimes it is necessary to have to install them manually, for example - when you are running a different kernel version to the standard MEPIS one, or you want the latest and greatest from nvidia or you are having problems getting the Debian one to run. The Debian Way This how-to is based on info from this excellent page by Andrew E. Schulman - good work! To use this method you will need: • An nvidia graphics card - supported by the version of the driver you wish to use • The kernel source of the kernel you have installed and want to be using with the nvidia drivers • nvidia-kernel-common • nvidia-glx • module-assistant apt-get install module-assistant nvidia-kernel-common m-a prepare m-a auto-install nvidia apt-get install nvidia-glx And it's done - you will need to edit your /etc/X11/xorg.conf to use the new drivers (see instructions below). Note- the module-assistant method is subject to package dependencies - it may be necessary to find a workaround in order to install the correct versions of the kernel-headers - depending on which kernel you are using. If you have upgraded your system to a newer release of Debian (i.e. to unstable or testing) - you will have problems as the module-assistant uses the gcc compiler, and this has to be the same version that was used to compile the kernel you are currently using. The Nvidia Way If you need the very latest Nvidia driver available, fetch them from the Nvidia drivers portal: http://www.nvidia.com/object/unix.html and save them in a directory of your choice (~/ or ~/Desktop/ usually) You will also need to Install_kernel_headers for the kernel you are currently using: apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) will install the correct kernel headers for you using the string uname -r stop X and KDE (as root from command line): telinit 3 which takes you out of X and to a command line login prompt. Log in as root then change to the directory where you saved the Nvidia binary installer file: cd /home/youruserhomefolder/ Now start the installer sh NVI Hit the <Tab> key to auto-complete the long filename (if it doesn't work - check you are in the correct location - i.e. the file is in this working directory: ls will list all files and folders in the current directory. Hit return and follow the instructions as the installer prompts you. (The installer uses the Ncurses interface - use <Tab> to navigate selections.) Choose to not search the ftp server for a pre compiled driver (it won't find one) and then choose to compile the driver. All being well (sometimes the installer can't find the kernel-headers and fails) your driver will then be compiled and installed. All that is left is to edit the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file to use the new driver. The Nvidia installer will do this for you (using nvidia-xconfig) backing up your existing version of xorg.conf. You may prefer to edit the file manually yourself to change the two instances of "nv" (or perhaps "vesa") to read "nvidia". It is no longer necessary to hash (#) out the Load "dri" and Load "GLCore" lines - xorg will ignore what it can't use, but make sure 'Load "GLX"' is in the Module section. cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup to backup the existing xorg.conf nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf will open the file in nano for editing from the command line. Use <Ctrl>+o to save (hit return to confirm file name+location) <Ctrl>+x to quit. Save the file and re-boot: reboot to fire up your shiny new Nvidia powered xserver! Links Synaptics Touchpad Xconfig - from MSC To enable 'virtual scrolling' and (on my model) - the 4-direction joypad button - useful for web browsing - may be annoying when using other apps - pages toggling etc... -you will need the package xfree86-driver-synaptics installed (should work for alps touchpads also From xfree86 Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Touchpad" Driver "synaptics" Option "Device" "/dev/psaux" Option "Protocol" "auto-dev" Option "LeftEdge" "1700" Option "RightEdge" "5300" Option "TopEdge" "1700" Option "BottomEdge" "4200" Option "FingerLow" "25" Option "FingerHigh" "30" Option "MaxTapTime" "180" Option "MaxTapMove" "220" Option "VertScrollDelta" "100" Option "MinSpeed" "0.06" Option "MaxSpeed" "0.12" Option "AccelFactor" "0.0010" Option "SHMConfig" "on" Option "Repeater" "/dev/input/mice" EndSection From xorg Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Synaptics Touchpad" Driver "synaptics" Option "SendCoreEvents" "true" Option "Device" "/dev/psaux" Option "Protocol" "auto-dev" Option "HorizScrollDelta" "0" EndSection -Both need to be referenced in the: Section "ServerLayout" Upgrading Mepis 3.4-3 'Breaks' Nvidia driver Install -be sure your problem is not simply xorg.conf related - check through Monitor_and_Display_Setup pages first MEPIS 3.4-3 comes with the option to install the official nvidia drivers - which should work fine at time of install - problem is that if you upgrade your MEPIS install it will install a newer version of xorg: => 6.9.x but unfortunately (at time of writing 3/06) this conflicts with nvidia-glx <=1.0-7174-4 - the default nvidia version that is installed with MEPIS 3.4-3. There are several solutions to this situation: • Pin Your Nvidia Driver Config Pinning Nvidia Drivers - (link) - Set your system to lock the versions of nvidia drivers you are using to prevent upgrade - remember to change version numbers to match the versions you want to pin • Don't Upgrade! (xorg/nvidia) "If it ain't broke - don't try fix it!!" - If your nvidias are working - there is no need to upgrade them...unless of course you need newer versions to comply with the latest xorg version - which you need to get the funky xgl 3D eye candy stuff working - which of course we do! • Compile A Custom nvidia-kernel It's not too difficult to make your own nvidia-kernel to use with whatever kernel you are running (whether its a stock one from MEPIS/Debian or one you have 'rolled yourself'. The different methods of doing this are excellently documented here:Debian-nVidia HOWTO - The Debian Way - the preferred method being the 'module-assistant' method -as it is easy and uses the Debian package system to install - meaning it is easy to un-install afterwards using apt/synaptic/dpkg Note - the module-assistant method has been proving un-successful lately (3/06) - this may be to do with the version of gcc used to compile the mepis kernel being older than the version installed on your system (un-confirmed at time of writing) • Use A Pre-Packaged .deb of nvidia-kernel Not In The Debian/MEPIS Repo's (coming soon) Perhaps there is a .deb someone made earlier you can use.... • Downgrade It could be worth downgrading xorg/nvidia versions to avoid conflicts - in practice this will become harder as time goes by - the Debian repo's are constantly introducing newer versions - older packages getting more difficult to source. You can try using the 'Force Version' option in Synaptic - to see what versions are available via the repo's. If you wish to install packages manually you can find nvidia-glx 1.0.7174 in the MEPIS install cd - browse its folders, also try browsing: apt.mepis.org/~/nvidia packages.debian.org/~/nvidia -download the desired packages and click to install (with Kpackage) or from a command line as root from the download folder (cd /home/user/Desktop if you use Firefox): dpkg -i package1 package2 etc --Acesabe 13:45, 28 Mar 2006 (EST) SamsPage MEPIS Wiki Draft Main Page To get you started, we've provided some links to many major areas of the wiki. If you cannot find what you are looking for, please use the search function of the wiki. If you have any questions or comments, please post them in the MEPIS Community forum DSL wiki style MEPIS Wiki Draft Main Page To get you started, we've provided some links to many major areas of the wiki. If you cannot find what you are looking for, please use the search function of the wiki. If you have any questions or comments, please post them in the MEPISLovers forum. Documentation Getting Started Booting MEPIS live CD - needs writing! Common Issues Getting Help The Forums The Wiki Realtime Support Community People of MEPIS Xgl/Compiz How-to XGL + Compiz 5th Sept - DO NOT TRY THIS TODAY - IT WON'T WORK - I WILL UPDATE THIS SHORTLY - fixed when this message is gone So far XGL/Compiz requires 'accelerated' graphics capabilities to work (Nvidia, Ati or Intel graphics cards) XGL and Compiz is more than just impressive eye-candy - its actually very usable and improving all the time. Gset-compiz is a config tool that makes setting up Compiz much easier (than using gconf-editor). You will need to be running MEPIS 6 and have reasonable graphics hard/software running. I have an Nvidia GeForce4 64mb card - XGL/Compiz runs fine with this setup - and will probably work OK with 32mb also. More info can be found at the [compiz.net Compiz.net] forums - [ubuntuforums.org Ubuntuforums] also has some useful info. How-to: Install XGL and Compiz There are two ways presently, of installing XGL & Compiz: • 1 - To start both XGL and Compiz at KDE login • 2 - To have the choice at login which session you require (Xorg or XGl) The first method starts XGL and Compiz with KDM - there is no choice. This isn't recommended until XGL/Compiz is past beta stages and can be relied on. The second method has the advantage of session type choice - so if you want a 'normal' non XGL/Compiz session - you can. It also uses the cgwd window manager - which is themeable and customizable, video playback seems better using this also. It is based on this how-to: How to switch between XGL and Xorg for KDM/GDM How to - for Nvidia/Ati users with the Gnome or cgwd window decorator First off - add one or all of the following repos (they all contain the same packages - but may be temperamental) to your /etc/apt/sources.list: deb http://www.beerorkid.com/compiz dapper main deb http://media.blutkind.org/xgl/ dapper main deb http://ubuntu.compiz.net/ dapper main -see http://xgl.compiz.info/ for latest info If you want Gset-compiz (recommended) also add Treviño's repo: deb http://3v1n0.tuxfamily.org dapper 3v1n0 -as it appears that Gset-compiz is not currently in the Ubuntu/Compiz repos. apt-get update The gpg keys always seem to be flaky - i have given up on them - this will produce an apt-get update error - but should not affect the install - see above link for more info re the gpg keys. Install the necessary packages: apt-get install xserver-xgl compiz gconf-editor gset-compiz -if you want to use the Gnome window decorator (instead of the newer but less stable CGWD) then: apt-get install compiz-gnome -If you want the newer CGWD window decorator (updated often - but still under heavy development): Temporarily disable all Ubuntu and MEPIS repos in your /etc/apt/sources.list file (the pinning in MEPIS prevents package upgrade from non Ubuntu/MEPIS repo's initially) - then: apt-get update apt-get install cgwd cgwd-themes apt-get upgrade- you may need to do a apt-get dist-upgrade to get the very latest packages as some are in the Ubuntu repos while some of the very latest packages are only in the Compiz repos - and may depend on each other. Do not do a dist-upgrade with all repos enabled - it may break your OS! The latest 'bleeding edge' versions of Compiz comes with plugins that may cause poor performance/hangs - but can be disabled -remember to revert your /etc/apt/sources.list to previous and update again. Make sure you have your Nvidia accelerated drivers installed and working (white/green Nvidia splash screen at X startup) and in your /etc/X11/xorg.conf - make sure you have in your section "Device": Section "Device" Identifier leave this line alone! Driver "nvidia" BusID "PCI:1:0:0" Option "RenderAccel" "true" EndSection Make sure your default color depth is "24". This is very important (apparently!) These are the scripts i have working on my XGl/Compiz for Nvidia: (all 'executable - either as root: chmod 755 /path/to/file or right click file in Konqueror - Super User mode - Properties > Permissions - check the 'Is executable' box ) usr/bin/startxgl.sh - to initiate an XGl server Code: xmodmap /usr/share/xmodmap/xmodmap.uk Xgl -fullscreen :1 -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:pbuffer & sleep 2 && DISPLAY=:1 exec startkde -note the xmodmap.uk part is for my UK keyboard layout - but this file doesn't exist so I'm not sure its relevant! usr/bin/startcompiz - starts up Compiz (using the cgwd window decorator) Code: #!/bin/bash if ps -A \| grep -e "Xgl" > /dev/null; then killall cgwd cgwd & compiz --replace gconf & fi usr/share/xsessions/xgl.desktop - adds session type 'XGl/Compiz' to KDE login page Code: [Desktop Entry] Encoding=UTF-8 Name=XGl/Compiz Exec=/usr/bin/startxgl.sh Icon= Type=Application /home/your user name here/.kde.Autostart/startcompiz - auto-starts Compiz once KDE is running (does nothing if no XGl is running already - i.e. when not selecting XGl/Compiz session Code: #!/bin/bash /usr/bin/startcompiz Re-start X (or reboot) - with any luck you will now have the session option of XGl/Compiz at login and can now start your XGl + Compiz session - enjoy! http://img146.imageshack.us/img146/3351/mepisinsidehj9.th.jpg [Screenshot here] Brooko's Wine Update (from .odf file) Needs the updated bits moving to the wine page Installing Wine from Synaptic Installing Wine can be as simple as selecting it in Synaptic. It is in the default repositories, though the version is often a lot older. If you want a more up to date version of Wine, it is often better to check the package sharing section of MepisLovers (for a community made deb), or install the newest Wine debs from WineHQ. Installing Wine from Community deb file 1.First uninstall any old versions of Wine you may have installed (via Synaptic). 2.Next download the Wine deb file from the link provided in the package sharing section of Mepis Lovers 3.Once you've downloaded, click on the deb file - it will open in kpackage. 4.Choose install. Provide root password when prompted. After installation, close kpackage. 5.To check the install, open a konsole and type winecfg. If installed successfully, a window will start with the Wine configuration utility. Installing the newest Wine debs from WineHQ You can get latest Wine version from the WineHQ sources rather than from the default repos (this will ensure you have the latest version): Open a root konsole Add the signing key, for security: wget -q http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt/387EE263.gpg -O- \| sudo apt-key add - Add the repository: If you are running MEPIS 7.x, copy and paste in this command: wget http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt/sources.list.d/etch.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.list If you are running MEPIS 6.x, copy and paste in this command: wget http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt/sources.list.d/dapper.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/winehq.list Close konsole and then open Synaptic Refresh sources, by clicking on the Reload button. Search for wine. There may be a list of files called 'wine' or containing the word 'wine'. Scroll down until you find the wine file (hint – it's only called wine). Highlight it. Now choose (from top menu) Package > Force Version. A window will open with a drop down box. Choose the latest version (hint – it should show 'winehq' somewhere in the version information. Click apply to install. After installation, close Synaptic, and from a konsole, type: winecfg If installed successfully, a window will start with the Wine configuration utility. Configuring and Using Wine After you have installed Wine you will need to configure it by entering the command winecfg winecfg sets up a folder in your home directory called ".wine/" which contains some configuration files and a virtual "C drive". This GUI program will also allow you to make some additional tweaks, such as mapping additional drive letters, configuring video and audio options, or selecting the version of windows to emulate (all of which can be done on a per-program basis). Once you have done this, you can start a Windows program like this: 1.Put program install CD in your drive 2.Right click CD icon in your desktop and select "mount" 3.Once CD mounted, click the icon and you should get a konqueror window with /media/cdrom already in the main pane - displaying the contents of the CD. Have a look and locate the normal install file for windows (often "install.exe" or "setup.exe") 4.F4 in Konqueror will start a konsole (terminal) window in the /media/cdrom directory 5.Type wine progname.exe where progname is the install file name. Make sure you have uppercase / lowercase correct, and include the extension ".exe" or ".bat" etc. 6.With luck, the installer should start just as if windows was operating. Tips and Tweaks winetricks winetricks is a script written by Dan Kegel which can help you install a variety of free and non-free software to help Wine function better. Download the script by right-clicking on the link and selecting "save link as...". Then run it in a console with the command: sh winetricks This will give you a list of things you can install with winetricks. Install Microsoft fonts Get the Microsoft core fonts, otherwise Wine windows might be unreadable. It's in the repositories, just install the package msttcorefonts. Since you are there install fontforge package too. You can also install corefonts through winetricks: sh winetricks corefonts Install Windows installer Now, you want to install Windows installer. Installer 2 will do fine if you install it under the Windows 98 emulation. Note that you may only install this if you have a valid license of Windows. Get it from here: windows installer If you run that in Wine and nothing happens, run winecfg and make sure you've set it to emulate Windows 98 by default. The installer won't run if you're in 2000 or XP mode. You can also install it using winetricks with the command: sh winetricks msi2 ies4linux Another approach to installing IE is to download ies4linux. This simple script automatically installs IE on your machine under Wine (you need to have Wine installed first). To get it, enter the following commands into a (non-root) konsole: wget http://www.tatanka.com.br/ies4linux/downloads/ies4linux-latest.tar.gz tar zxvf ies4linux-latest.tar.gz cd ies4linux-* ./ies4linux Other Remember that Wine configurations are per-user, which means that if you set up Wine and install Windows software as one user, the programs will not be available to other users. They will need to set up Wine and install the programs individually. With all due respect to the Wine developers, do not expect miracles from Wine. A lot of Windows programs work really well under Wine, however it pays to check the Winehq compatibility database (http://appdb.winehq.org/) before trying to install a program. This site often has pointers on how to install certain programs, dlls or patches required, and if it runs well / erratically / or not at all under the Wine environment. Don't be surprised if you experience erratic behavior, failure to start, or failure to install. And don't expect immediate compatibility with the latest Windows games / programs. Wine often works best with older (more established) and more popular Windows applications. If you have Windows installed on a second partition, and mount that partition and try to run programs installed there with Wine, it generally does not work. You usually need to reinstall the programs in Wine so that the proper registry entries and DLL files can be present in the Wine install. Links Wine FAQs Wine HQ CodeWeavers CrossOver Franks Corner (http://www.winehq.org/) Main Page Layout Correction Welcome to the MEPIS Wiki You're at the center of the MEPIS Community! The MEPIS Wiki is maintained collaboratively by volunteers from around the world who work together to provide the most up-to-date and useful information to users. We hope that you learn from it, and that you will contribute some of your knowledge and experience for others. A Wiki only works when many eyes are on it. Getting Started Help and Guides System Info Wiki Issues Personal tools In other languages	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:48:29.000Z	wqrqcsva4ax3uv6dwpdxn64i33xu7cdq	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35167", "uncompressed_offset": 521072591, "url": "www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/4/5/465?fmt_view=classic", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/4/5/465?fmt_view=classic" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Nano Express Synthesis and Characterization of Monodispersed Copper Colloids in Polar Solvents Wei Yu, Huaqing Xie*, Lifei Chen, Yang Li and Chen Zhang Author Affiliations School of Urban Development and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Second Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, China For all author emails, please log on. Nanoscale Research Letters 2009, 4:465-470 doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9264-3 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: Received:5 November 2008 Accepted:27 January 2009 Published:19 February 2009 © 2009 to the authors Abstract A chemical reduction method for preparing monodispersed pure-phase copper colloids in water and ethylene glycol has been reported. Owing to the reduction property of ethylene glycol, the reaction rate in ethylene glycol is higher than that in water. In addition, the amount of reducing agent can be reduced largely. Ascorbic acid plays roles as reducing agent and antioxidant of colloidal copper, due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen molecules. Thermogravimetric results reveal that the as-prepared copper nanoparticles have good stability, and they begin to be oxidized at above 210 °C. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone works both as size controller and polymeric capping agents, because it hinders the nuclei from aggregation through the polar groups, which strongly absorb the copper particles on the surface with coordination bonds. Keywords: Chemical synthesis; Monodispersed; Copper colloid; Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Introduction In recent years, there is an increasing interest in the research on metal colloids due to the multiple applications involving their physical and chemical properties [1-3]. For example, the magnetic fluids made of Fe metal particles have higher magnetization in comparison with the fluids containing magnetic-iron oxide (Fe3O4 or γ-Fe2O3) [4]. Co nanoparticles in a colloidal solution can assemble into highly constrained linear chains along the direction of the magnetic field, and the magnetic-field-induced chains become floppy after removal of the field, folding into three-dimensional coiled structures upon gentle agitation [5]. Co nanoparticles dispersed in monopolar solvents are effective for enhancing the heating rates of xylene by microwaves, and the smaller particles exhibits greater levels of microwave absorption enhancement than nanoparticles of larger diameters [6]. Pt and Ag colloids in aqueous solution and organic solvents can be effectively used for the hydrogenation of ciscis-1,3-cyclooctadiene [7]. The colloidal solution of PtRu nanoparticles has catalytic activity for methanol oxidation [8]. Colloidal silver and copper nanoparticles exhibit characteristic spectra due to surface plasmon resonance [9]. Copper colloids embedded in oxide glasses strongly modify their optical properties, making these composite materials useful for resonant-type nonlinear optical materials for photonic devices [10]. Copper nanoparticles are good additive of nanofluid, which is produced by dispersing nanoparticles into conventional heat transfer fluids, and nanofluids are proposed as the next generation heat transfer fluids due to the fact that their thermal conductivities are significantly higher than those of the base liquids [11-13]. During the past few decades, many methods have been developed for the synthesis of metal colloids, such as laser ablation technique [14], photochemical route [15], microwave dielectric heating [16], and thermal decomposition method [17]. In contrast with noble metals, such as Ag, Au, and Pt, pure metallic copper usually cannot be obtained easily via the reduction of simple copper salts in aqueous solution. Despite zero valence copper initially forming the polar solvents ultimately, it has been found that the zero valence copper can easily transform into oxides in those solvents with high dipole moments under ambient conditions [18]. So a simple chemical reduction strategy for the synthesis of copper colloids at mild conditions is highly desired. However, nanoparticles tend to be fairly unstable in solution and therefore, special precautions have to be taken to avoid their aggregation or precipitation during the preparation of such colloidal particles in solution. To obtain stable colloids, the most effective and common strategy is the introduction of a protective agent in the reaction system [19]. Here, we report a facial chemical reduction method to synthesize monodispersed copper colloids in polar solvent without protective gas. Two reaction media, water and ethylene glycol, were used as solvents, and the influences of solvents on reaction rate, the amount of reducing agent and reaction mechanism were discussed. The roles of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and ascorbic acid were investigated. Experimental Preparation of Copper Colloids Copper sulfate, ascorbic acid, PVP-K30 (Mw = 40,000), and ethylene glycol (E.G) were purchased from China Medicine (Group) Shanghai Chemical Reagent Corporation. All the chemicals were analytical grade and used as purchased without further purification. In the experiments, copper colloids were synthesized by two procedures, using deionized water and E.G as reaction solvents, respectively. In a typical procedure, a certain amount of PVP and ascorbic acid was dissolved in the 200 mL 0.2 mmol/L CuSO4aqueous (or E.G) solution under mechanical stirring, and the reaction mixture was kept at 80 °C for some time. The colloidal suspension was then taken out from the oil bath and cooled to room temperature. For further characterization, the colloid was diluted by ethanol and centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 15 min to separate the particles from the suspension. The particles separated were then resuspended in ethanol and the centrifugation was repeated 3 times so as to remove the surfactant. After that, the precipitates were dried under vacuum overnight and then collected. The experimental parameters are listed in Table 1, and the corresponding XRD patterns of the products prepared at different experimental parameters are shown in Fig. 2. Table 1. Comparison of results from the two reaction systems and different experimental parameters Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles XRD measurements were recorded using a (D8-Advance, Germany) X-ray diffractometer equipped with a back monochromator operating at 40 kV and a copper cathode as the X-ray source (λ = 0.154 nm). XRD patterns were recorded from 20° to 80° (2θ) with a scanning step of 0.01. The size and morphology of the Cu nanoparticles were examined by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEOL 2100F). The TEM samples were prepared by dispersing the powder products in alcohol by ultrasonic treatment, dropping the suspension onto a holey carbon film supported on a copper grid, and drying it in air. A thermogravimetric (TG-DTG, Netzsch STA 449C) analyzer (sample mass: about 15.0 mg; atmosphere, flowing dry oxygen; heating rate, 10 K/min) was used for thermogravimetric analysis. Results and Discussion The Influences of Solvents on Reaction Process Sample 1 and sample 2 were synthesized using water as solvent, and the reaction time was 6 and 8 h, respectively. Because ascorbic acid is a weak reducing agent, the reaction rate using water as solvent is slow. The color change of the reaction process is shown in Fig. 1a. The light blue reaction system turned to cloudy yellow in 3 h, and then it became brick red, and after 2 h it became red colloidal. Figure 2shows the XRD patterns of samples prepared by different procedures. When the reaction time was less than 6 h, the product was impure, and it was the mixture of face-centered cubic (fcc) phase of copper (JCPDS 04-836) and cubic phase of Cu2O (JCPDS 05-0667), and copper was the main product. The XRD analysis results coincided with the experimental phenomena. When the reaction time was over 8 h, the product was pure-phase copper. Figure 1. The color change of the reaction process in water medium (a) and E.G medium (b) Figure 2. XRD pattern of the products prepared at different experimental parameters Comparing to the reaction rate using water as solvent, the rate using E.G was higher, and the color change of the reaction process is shown in Fig. 1b. In 15 min, the initial precursor solution with light blue color changed to light brown, red, and black. The reaction could complete in 1 h, and the product was phase-pure. The higher rate using E.G attributed to the reduction property of E.G. E.G was a weak reducing agent, and it could reduce Cu2+ to Cu+, which was confirmed by some experimental facts [16,20]. Due to the united deoxidization of ascorbic acid and E.G, the reaction using E.G was fast, and Cu2O was not detected in the procedure. In addition, the amount of reducing agent ascorbic acid could be reduced largely. When water was solvent, the molar ratio of ascorbic acid/Cu2+ was up to 20. For E.G reaction system, the molar ratio of ascorbic acid/Cu2+ was 8. The Role of Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent and Antioxidant of Colloidal Copper To prevent oxidation, the reaction solutions were carefully deoxygenated and the entire processes were performed under rigorous protection of inert gas in many reported studies [21]. During the synthesis process, ascorbic acid plays a role as reducing agent, and in the storage, excessive ascorbic acid is essential to avoid oxidation of copper nanoparticles. The antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid come from its ability to scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen molecules [22], accompanying the donation of electrons to give the semi-dehydroascorbate radical and dehydroascorbic acid (Eq. 1). Therefore, ascorbic acid plays dual roles of reducing agent and antioxidant of copper nanoparticles. The reaction can complete without protective gas. The TG-DTG curves of the prepared copper nanoparticles using E.G as solvent are shown in Fig. 3. The results show that copper nanoparticles begin to be oxidized at above 210 °C, indicating that copper nanoparticles have good stability. From 210 to 400 °C, the oxidation rate is slow. When temperature is further increased, the oxidation rate becomes higher. When the temperature reaches 650 °C, the oxidation is completed with the weight increment of 25.10%, and the oxidation product is CuO (the theoretical weight increment 25.0%). The TG-DTG curves of the prepared copper nanoparticles using water is similar to that using E.G. Figure 3. Typical TG-DTG curves of Cu nanoparticles obtained in E.G medium The Role of PVP as Size Controller and Protective Agent of Copper Colloid PVP is always used as the dispersant to prepare nanomaterials and the stabilizer of metal colloids, and the size and shape of nanomaterials depends strongly on the solution concentration of PVP [23,24]. Figure 4 shows that when water was the reaction solvent and the concentrations of PVP were 0.3 or 0.5 mmol/L, the copper nanoparticles were approximately spherical with the mean diameter about 7 or 4 nm, respectively. The influence of PVP on the size of copper nanoparticles in E.G was similar to that in water. When the concentration of PVP was 0.3 or 0.5 mmol/L, the copper nanoparticles were monodispersed in E.G reaction system, and the mean diameters were about 6 or 3 nm, respectively, indicating that the increasing of PVP concentration attributes to the smaller dimension particles (Fig. 5). Figure 4. Typical TEM images of Cu nanoparticles obtained in water medium.aSample 2,bSample 3 Figure 5. Typical TEM images of Cu nanoparticles obtained in E.G medium.aSample 4,bSample 5 The mechanism of the effect of PVP on size and shape of nanomaterials has been discussed in some literatures [25-27]. PVP has the structure of a polyvinyl skeleton with nitrogen and oxygen polar groups, and the polar group donates lone-pair electrons forming a coordinative interaction with copper ions, thus creating the Cu2+–PVP complex compound (Eq. 2) in the solution [15,27]. When water was the reaction medium, the reaction time was not over 6 h, according to the XRD analysis, the product was impure. The fact indicated that Cu2+–PVP complex was reduced to Cu+–PVP firstly, and then Cu+ reacted with OH to form Cu2O, due to the existence of enough OH, so the color of reaction system was yellow when the reaction time was 3 h. The further reduction of Cu+ formed the pure copper nanoparticle. The coordination action between PVP and Cu+ prevented the agglomeration of the copper nanoparticles (Eq. 3). Due to the higher rate using E.G as reaction medium, no intergradation product Cu2O was detected. According to the above analysis, PVP acted as the polymeric capping agents and size controller. It hinders the nuclei from aggregation through the polar groups, which strongly absorb the copper particles on the surface with coordination bonds. Conclusions In this letter, two monodispersed copper colloids in water and E.G have been prepared. In order to obtain pure-phase copper colloid in water, the reaction time of 8 h is essential; otherwise the products will be the mixture of face-centered cubic phase of copper and cubic phase of Cu2O. Comparing to the reaction rate using water, the rate in E.G was higher, due to the reduction property of E.G. In addition, the amount of reducing agent ascorbic acid could reduce largely. Ascorbic acid plays roles as reducing agent and antioxidant of colloidal copper, due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and reactive oxygen molecules. The TG-DTG curves of the prepared copper nanoparticles show that copper nanoparticles have good stability, and they begin to be oxidized at above 210 °C, and the oxidation product is CuO. The size of copper particles depended on the concentration of PVP, and the increasing of PVP concentration attributed to the smaller dimension particles. PVP works both as size controller and polymeric capping agents, because it hinders the nuclei from aggregation through the polar groups, which strongly absorb the copper particles on the surface with coordination bonds. The work proves that it is possible to obtain monodispersed pure-phase copper colloids in polar solvents through carefully selecting experimental conditions. Acknowledgments The work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA05Z232), Shanghai Educational Development Foundation and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (08CG64), the Excellent Young Scholars Research Fund of Shanghai (No.RYQ307007) and the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning. References 1. Son SU, Lee SL, Chung YK, Kim SW, Hyeon T: Org. Lett.. 2002, 4:277. COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXptFKjtLg%3D] Publisher Full Text 2. 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Huang L, Peng F, Yu H, Wang HJ: Mater. Res. Bull.. 2008, 43:3047. COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFCju7vF] Publisher Full Text 24. Gniewek A, Trzeciak AM, Ziółkowski JJ, Kepi’nski L, Wrzyszcz J, Tylus W: J. Catal.. 2005, 229:332. COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Ojsrk%3D] Publisher Full Text 25. Zhang X, Xie Y, Xu F, Liu XH, Xu D: Inorg. Chem. Commun.. 2003, 6:1390. COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnvVWqtb0%3D] Publisher Full Text 26. Zhang Z, Zhao B, Hu L: J. Solid State Chem.. 1996, 121:105. COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK28Xpt1Wqug%3D%3D]; Bibcode number [1996JSSCh.121..105Z] Publisher Full Text 27. Haas I, Shanmugam S, Gedanken A: J. Phys. Chem.. 2006, 110:16947. COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XnvVKhtb8%3D]	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:48:33.000Z	5ozbacaoupg43vrqutdy5f2nup5j4jq3	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35168", "uncompressed_offset": 521102476, "url": "www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/7/1/640/abstract", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/7/1/640/abstract" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Nano Express Electron transport in a GaPSb film Shun-Tsung Lo1, Hung E Lin2, Shu-Wei Wang2, Huang-De Lin2,5, Yu-Chung Chin3, Hao-Hsiung Lin3,4, Jheng-Cyuan Lin2 and Chi-Te Liang1,2 Author Affiliations 1 Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan 2 Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan 3 Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei , 106, Taiwan 4 Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan 5 Electronics Testing Center, No. 8, Lane 29, Guishan Shiang, Taoyuan County, Taiwan, 333 For all author emails, please log on. Nanoscale Research Letters 2012, 7:640 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-7-640 Published: 23 November 2012 Abstract We have performed transport measurements on a gallium phosphide antimonide (GaPSb) film grown on GaAs. At low temperatures (T), transport is governed by three-dimensional Mott variable range hopping (VRH) due to strong localization. Therefore, electron–electron interactions are not significant in GaPSb. With increasing T, the coexistence of VRH conduction and the activated behavior with a gap of 20 meV is found. The fact that the measured gap is comparable to the thermal broadening at room temperature (approximately 25 meV) demonstrates that electrons can be thermally activated in an intrinsic GaPSb film. Moreover, the observed carrier density dependence on temperature also supports the coexistence of VRH and the activated behavior. It is shown that the carriers are delocalized either with increasing temperature or magnetic field in GaPSb. Our new experimental results provide important information regarding GaPSb which may well lay the foundation for possible GaPSb-based device applications such as in high-electron-mobility transistor and heterojunction bipolar transistors. Keywords: Mott variable range hopping; GaPSb; GaAs	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:02:08.000Z	7l7jfgs5hyf7364i7ad5nc7zkxxik3u7	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35181", "uncompressed_offset": 545536897, "url": "www.ow2.org/view/Events.Photos/CONSEGI2010Photos?diapo=all", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.ow2.org/view/Events.Photos/CONSEGI2010Photos?diapo=all" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	CONSEGI2010Photos CONSEGI 2010, Brasilia, Brazil (August 2010) - Photos Click on a photo to show the Diaporama The above photos are reproduced for the sole purpose of information on, and promotion of the activities of OW2. Should you want us to remove your picture, we will promptly satisfy any formal request to do so. Please contact us here if you have any question. Tags: Created by Cedric Thomas on 2010/11/04 18:15 Legal Notice	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:58.000Z	ss4z2htygggraz34fkxlhs7yjqiesqnx	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35188", "uncompressed_offset": 607320146, "url": "www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Consumer_Freedom", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Center_for_Consumer_Freedom" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	CMD sent two reporters to track ALEC in Oklahoma Click here to help support our future investigations. Center for Consumer Freedom From SourceWatch Jump to: navigation, search This article is part of the Tobacco portal on Sourcewatch funded from 2006 - 2009 by the American Legacy Foundation. Help expose the truth about the tobacco industry. This article is part of the Center for Media & Democracy's spotlight on front groups and corporate spin. This article is part of the Center for Media & Democracy's spotlight on global corporations. The Center for Consumer Freedom (CCF) (formerly called the "Guest Choice Network (GCN)") is a front group run by Rick Berman's PR firm Berman & Co. for the restaurant, alcohol, tobacco and other industries. It runs media campaigns which oppose the efforts of scientists, doctors, health advocates, animal advocates, environmentalists and groups like Mothers Against Drunk Driving, calling them "the Nanny Culture -- the growing fraternity of food cops, health care enforcers, anti-meat activists, and meddling bureaucrats who 'know what's best for you.'" CCF is registered as a tax-exempt, non-profit organization under the IRS code 501(c)(3). Its advisory board is comprised mainly of representatives from the restaurant, meat and alcoholic beverage industries. Contents Overview & history CCF is one of the more active of several front groups created by Berman & Co., a public affairs firm owned by lobbyist Rick Berman. A November 1, 2012 article in Bloomberg shows CCF in the following chart of non-profits created by Berman & Co. at the center of an IRS complaint filed in 2012 (used with permission): Based in Washington, D.C., Berman & Co. represents the tobacco industry as well as hotels, beer distributors, taverns, and restaurant chains. Hotels, motels, restaurants, bars and taverns together comprise the "hospitality industry," which has long been cultivated by the tobacco industry as a third party to help slow or stop the progression of smoke free laws. CCF actively opposes smoking bans and lowering the legal blood-alcohol level, while targeting studies on the dangers of meat & dairy, processed food, fatty foods, soda pop, pharmaceuticals, animal testing, overfishing and pesticides. Each year they give out the "nanny awards" to groups who, according to them, try to tell consumers how to live their lives. Anyone who criticizes any of the above is likely to come under attack from CCF. Its enemies list has included such diverse groups and individuals as the Alliance of American Insurers; the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons; the American Medical Association (AMA); the Arthritis Foundation; the Consumer Federation of America; New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani; the Harvard School of Public Health; the Marin Institute for the Prevention of Alcohol and Other Drug Problems; the National Association of High School Principals; the National Safety Council; the National Transportation Safety Board; the Office of Highway Safety for the state of Georgia; Ralph Nader's group, Public Citizen; the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). Over 40 % of the group's 2005 expenditure was paid to Rick Berman's public relations company, Berman & Co. for "management services. [1] As part of its operations, CCF runs a series of attack websites, including ConsumerFreedom.com, ActivistCash.com, CSPIscam.com (attacking the Center for Science in the Public Interest), Animal-Scam.com, FishScam.com, ObesityMyths.com, Sweetscam.com, PhysiciansScam.com and PetaKillsAnimals.com. [2] Starting out smoking Mr. Berman launched the Guest Choice Network in 1995. Its initial funding came entirely from the Philip Morris (PM) tobacco company. GCN was formed so as to appear not to be "owned" by PM; address restaurant owners lack of interest in PM's "Accommodation Program" and broaden industry appeal. According to a September of 1995 letter from Mr. Berman to Barbara Trach, PM's Sr. Program Manager for Public Affairs, GCN was designed to: "Create an aggressive mentality by (restaurant) operators (to oppose) government smoking bans." He proposed that PM form an aggressive front group to motivate restaurant owners to aggressively fight bans, while appearing to be acting on their own: "...if you want to gain more ground quickly for the smokers' rights issue, the (Guest Choice) program must create a proactive, aggressive mentality by (restaurant) operators regarding government smoking bans..." He described how hiding PM's involvement would allow the group take more aggressive action: "Additional benefit -- if externally perceived as driven by restaurant interests, there will be more flexibility and creativity allowed than if it is 'owned' by Philip Morris. The American Beverage Institute, which opposes overly aggressive DWI laws, enjoys this profile."[3] According to a December 11, 1995 letter to Barbara Trach: "I'd like to propose to Philip Morris the establishment of the Guest Choice Network. ...The concept is to unite the restaurant and hospitality industries in a campaign to defend their consumers and marketing programs against attacks from anti-smoking, anti-drinking, anti-meat, etc. activists. ... I would like to solicit Philip Morris for an initial contribution of $600,000." [4] The purpose of GCN, as Berman explained in a separate planning document, would be to enlist operators of "restaurants, hotels, casinos, bowling alleys, taverns, stadiums, and university hospitality educators" to "support mentality of 'smokers rights' by encouraging responsibility to protect 'guest choice.'" According to a year end budget, Guest Choice planned to spend $1.5 million during its first 13 months of operation, including $390,000 for "membership marketing/materials development," $430,000 to establish a communication center and newsletter (which Berman promised would have a "60% to 70% smoking focus", $110,000 to create a "multi-industry advisory council," and $345,000 for "grassroots network development/operation."[5], [6] PM complied with Berman's initial funding request for $600,000 and pitched in another $300,000 early the following year: "As of this writing, PM USA is still the only contributor, though Berman continues to promise others any day now," wrote Philip Morris attorney Marty Barrington in an internal company memorandum dated March 28, 1996. [7] Aside from PM, there were no other publicly-known funders of Guest Choice until its public launch two years later in April 1998. [8] Tactics Personal responsibility While most food lobbyists rely on the rhetoric of "personal responsibility" to blame the obesity problem on the failure of people to act sensibly, CCF, in contrast, denies the problem altogether. Their position is to "defend" the very notion of personal responsibility by tying it closely to the All-American values of choice, freedom, and rugged individualism against the food police, militant radicals, and government bureaucrats who want to keep you from enjoying your God-given right to Big Macs, Marlboros, and Budweiser. "Free to choose" One of CCF's favorite strategies is to align the interests of food companies with those of the consumers. It portrays these two groups as "allies" and the besieged "victims" of government regulators, nonprofits, parents, and other food-industry critics.[9] By "consumer freedom," CCF means the "right of adults and parents to choose how they live their lives, what they eat and drink, how they manage their finances, and how they enjoy themselves."[10] The free-to-choose argument implies that advocates of sound nutrition policy are diametrically opposed to the interests of everyone else and that they are killjoys with no interest in enjoying food. A related salvo is CCF's argument that nutrition advocates and other food-industry critics are infantilizing people when they give dietary advice. CCF produced a television commercial showing people trying to enjoy all-American pleasures such as ice cream, hot dogs and beer, only to be foiled by a hand that swoops down and commandeers the offending items. A voice-over inveighs: "Everywhere you turn, someone's telling us what we can't eat. It's getting harder just to enjoy a beer on a night out. Do you always feel like you're being told what to do? Find out who is driving the food police at ConsumerFreedom.com.[11] Marginalizing advocates Part of CCF's method is to direct attention away from the substantive issues and to keep the focus on the messenger rather than the message. For example, CCF has created a website known as CSPIscam, whose sole purpose is to discredit and defame the Center for Science in the Public Interest. CCF dismisses CSPI's work as media driven and reliant on junk science to scare people into believing that the group is trying to take away their right to eat whatever they want.[12] CCF explains its mission as fighting back against "self-anointed "food police," health campaigners, trial lawyers, personal-finance do-gooders, animal rights misanthropes, and meddling bureaucrats."[13] An important aspect of such rhetoric is to set advocates apart from the mainstream. These labels are meant to conjure up caricatured images of 1960s-style activism, complete with flag burning, sex, drugs, and rock and roll.[14] CCf has also developed a website called ActivistCash that claims to "expose" the funding sources of various environmental and public health organizations. The site includes a list of "key players" in nutrition advocacy, including New York University nutrition professor Marion Nestle, who is described as "one of the country's most hystieral anti-food-industry fanatics," a food cop with "radical goals."[15] Implicit in CCF's food cop rhetoric is the idea that people who advocate for eating a healthy diet are motivated by personal agendas. They maintain a long list of people operating under supposed "hidden agendas." CCF is also accuses pro-vegetarian organizations like People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) of hiding behind an "animal rights agenda", though these groups are visibly and vocally trying to protect animals and readily acknowledge such. [16] Selected campaigns (subsection) See also CCF selected campaigns. CCF & anti-animal rights/welfare See also Richard Berman cares about animals: clients exposed. CCF & puppy mills See also Missouri puppy mills & Prop B. List of targeted organizations See also A Visit to the ActivistCash.Com Web Site. Affiliated organizations & websites In addition to CCF, Berman & Co. sponsors several other organizations and web sites. These include the Employment Policies Institute (EPI) and the American Beverage Institute (ABI). EPI is dedicated to keeping minimum wage low and opposing mandatory employee health insurance and ABI opposes drinking and driving restrictions. Quotable & notable In a 1999 interview with the Chain Leader, a trade publication for restaurant chains, Richard Berman boasted that he attacks activists more aggressively than other lobbyists: "We always have a knife in our teeth. Since activists "drive consumer behavior on meat, alcohol, fat, sugar, tobacco and caffeine," his strategy is "to shoot the messenger. ... We've got to attack their credibility as spokespersons." [17] In November 2001, the Guest Choice Network launched a separate web site, ActivistCash.com, which purports to expose the "hidden funding" of various activist groups that support animal rights, food safety and smoking prevention. In January 2002, the Guest Choice Network renamed itself the Center for Consumer Freedom (CCF). In a May 11, 2002 San Francisco Chronicle article, CCF spokesman John Doyle responded to questions about nationwide radio ads put out by the group. He said the ads were meant to attract people to their website and: "draw attention to our enemies: just about every consumer and environmental group, chef, legislator or doctor who raises objections to things like pesticide use, genetic engineering of crops or antibiotic use in beef and poultry."[18] On November 16, 2004, the Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington (CREW) filed a complaint with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) alleging that CCF had violated its tax exempt status. According to the complaint, CCF engaged in prohibited electioneering; made substantial payments to Richard Berman and his wholly owned, for-profit Berman & Co. and was generally engaged in non-charitable activities. [19] According to CREW Executive Director Melanie Sloan to Forbes: "It doesn't seem to me that someone should get a tax deduction while they're writing public relations memos about how people should be able to smoke in restaurants."[20] Mr. Berman set up CCF and a number of other tax exempt groups, which all seem to support messages which dove tail nicely with his industry lobbying. However, according to David Martosko in a May of 2006 interview with ABC News, this is simply "the way things tend to be done" in Washington. Furthermore, he has no idea, nor does he want to know, who funds CCF: "I don't know the firms that send the Center for Consumer Freedom money. I don't want to know. It's not my business to know." [21] Funding (subsection) Contributors to CCF have included the Coca-Cola Company, Cargill, Inc., Monsanto, Tyson Foods, Outback Steakhouse, Wendy's, Brinker International and Dean Foods. See also CCF funding. Personnel Officers The IRS Form 990 filed for 2005 lists the following officers: Advisory panel CCF also has an advisory panel. In 1998 it included the following individuals: Media Former personnel The IRS Form 990 filed for the the six-month period from July to December 1999 by CCF (then calling itself the Guest Choice Network), listed, in addition to Berman, the following officers: Contact Like other Berman & Co. front groups, CCF is headquartered at: Berman & Co. 1775 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Suite 1200 Washington, DC 20006 Phone: (202) 463-7110 FAX: (202) 463-7107 Email: rberman@new-reality.com Web address: http://www.consumerfreedom.com/ Articles & Resources Related PRWatch Articles SourceWatch Articles External Articles External Resources This article may include information from Tobacco Documents Online. Search the Documents Archives of the Tobacco Industry Legacy Tobacco Documents Library: Books References 1. "The Center for Consumer Freedom", Form 990, 2005, p.3. 2. "The Center for Consumer Freedom", Form 990, 2005, Statement 1 3. Richard Berman, Untitled letter to Barbara Trach at Philip Morris, Tobacco Legacy Library, 3 pp. September 5, 1995 4. Richard Berman Letter to Barbara Trach, Phillip Morris, December 11, 1995 5. R. Berman/PM planning document, PRWatch, December 1995 6. year-end Berman/PM 1995 year-end budget, PRWatch, December 1995 7. Martin J. Barrington PM Internal Memo, PRWatch, March 1996 8. Mark Berlind Activist Cash.com, Tobacco Legacy Library, January 4, 2002 9. Michele Simon Appetite for Profit pg 48 10. About Us, CCF, accessed January 2010 11. Advertisements, CCF, accessed January 2005 12. Michele Simon Appetite for Profit pg 50-51 13. About Us, CCF, accessed January 2010 14. Michele Simon Appetite for Profit pg 52 15. Marion Nestle Biography on ActivistCash, Activistcash.com, accessed January 2010 16. Michele Simon Appetite for Profit pg 53 17. Charles Bernstein The Zealot: Freedom of choice advocate Rick Berman preaches about DUI limits, the minimum wage and health care in the name of food service., Chain Leader, December 1999 18. Carol Ness Hand that feeds bites back: Food industry forks over ad campaign to win hearts, stomachs, San Francisco Chronicle, May 11, 2002, Page A-3 19. Crew Files IRS Complaint Against the Center for Consumer Freedom Alleging Violations of Tax Exempt Status, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, November 2004 20. Seth Lubove, "Food Fight," Forbes, September 2005 21. Mark Matthews Lobbyists Hide Behind Non-Profit Fronts, ABC News/KGO San Francisco, May 3, 2006 Personal tools Namespaces Variants Actions Navigation How To Other Info Other Policies Google AdSense Toolbox	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:40:24.000Z	xul343ydkw3sqnlegf6bzsjfq7g5h3h4	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35197", "uncompressed_offset": 679508732, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Creve_Coeur,_Tazewell,_Illinois,_United_States", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Creve_Coeur,_Tazewell,_Illinois,_United_States" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Place:Creve Coeur, Tazewell, Illinois, United States Watchers NameCreve Coeur TypeVillage Coordinates40.644°N 89.599°W Located inTazewell, Illinois, United States source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Creve Coeur is a village in Groveland Township, Tazewell County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2000 census, the village population was 5,448. Creve Coeur is a suburb of Peoria and is part of the Peoria, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. Research Tips This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Creve Coeur, Illinois. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:50:35.000Z	v5yhiao37a5nfeni335updcab54l3mvg	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35198", "uncompressed_offset": 679520677, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Grantown-on-Spey%2C_Cromdale%2C_Moray%2C_Scotland", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Grantown-on-Spey%2C_Cromdale%2C_Moray%2C_Scotland" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Place:Grantown-on-Spey, Cromdale, Moray, Scotland Watchers NameGrantown-on-Spey Alt namesGrantown on Speysource: Getty Vocabulary Program TypeTown Coordinates57.317°N 3.617°W Located inCromdale, Moray, Scotland source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Grantown-on-Spey is a town in the Highland Council Area in Scotland. It was founded in 1765 as a planned settlement on a low plateau at Freuchie beside the river Spey at the northern edge of the Cairngorm mountains, about 20 miles South East of Inverness (35 miles by road). It is the main town in what was the ecclesiastical (and later civil) parish of "Cromdale, Inverallan and Advie" formed by the union of the same-named parishes in the 16th century. It was formerly in the county of Moray, until the 1860s being partly within a detached portion of Inverness-shire. From 1898 to 1975 it was a burgh in Morayshire before being subsumed into the Badenoch and Strathspey district of the Highland Region until District and Regions were abolished in 1996. Originally simply "Grantown" (after Sir James Grant), the addition of "on Spey" was one of the first actions of the newly-created burgh in 1898. The 2001 population was 2,166. Grantown-on-Spey is twinned with Notre-Dame-de-Monts in Vendée, Pays-de-la-Loire, France, and Grant Town, West Virginia in the United States. Research Tips This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Grantown-on-Spey. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:25:46.000Z	iq3jtedhvtoc36m6ivaas5xxa4lnetxb	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35199", "uncompressed_offset": 679527777, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Hampton_Falls,_Rockingham,_New_Hampshire,_United_States", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Hampton_Falls,_Rockingham,_New_Hampshire,_United_States" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Place:Hampton Falls, Rockingham, New Hampshire, United States Watchers NameHampton Falls TypeTown Coordinates42.9°N 70.85°W Located inRockingham, New Hampshire, United States source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names source: Family History Library Catalog the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Hampton Falls (formerly the Third Parish and Hampton falls) is a New England town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,236 at the 2010 census. History the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia The land of Hampton Falls was first settled by Europeans in 1638, the same time as Hampton, which it was then part of. The settlement of Hampton joined Norfolk County, Massachusetts Colony, in 1643, along with Exeter, Dover, Portsmouth, and Salisbury and Haverhill of Massachusetts. The county existed until 1679, when the modern-day New Hampshire towns separated from Massachusetts Bay Colony. Records indicate a building that became a church may have existed near where the Weare Monument now is in 1665, but when it was first built is unknown. It was not until 1709 that the town was officially established as the Third Parish of Hampton. The Third Parish originally consisted of all land south of the Taylor River and north of the New Hampshire/Massachusetts border, or the modern-day towns of Seabrook, Kensington, and Hampton Falls. A meeting house was built shortly after and Thomas Crosby became the town's minister for the church. Forty-nine members of the Hampton Church were dismissed late in 1711, only to become members of the new church in the Third Parish. Parish officers and a representative were chosen in 1718. The first town meeting was held and town records began that year also. The town received its grant as an independent town with the name "Hampton falls" in 1726, but was still referred to as a parish until the Revolutionary War. Those who did use its actual name in writing spelled it with a lowercase f until around the same time. An attempt was made in 1732 to separate the western portion of Hampton falls and make it a parish of Kingston. The proposal failed in a way, yet succeeded in another; the land was separated, but it did not become part of Kingston, but became a town of its own, Kensington. A disease known as the Throat Distemper (now thought to have been a malignant form of diphtheria) infected the town with its symptoms in 1735 and 1736. Two-hundred and fourteen people of Hampton Falls perished, 96 of them being under the age of ten. Only two homes in town were throat distemper free. It passed through the town again in 1754, with far fewer casualties, but still many.[1] Seventy-two people wanted Hampton Falls (which then included Seabrook and Kensington) to become a part of Massachusetts in 1739, including Meshech Weare, but the proposal failed in the end. In 1765, the Presbyterians of the town wanted to form a new parish in the southern portion of the town, where a church of their religion existed. A town meeting was held on December 30 when the rest of the villagers learned of the Presbyterians' plans, and it was decided that the town would be separated into two. The new parish was formed in 1768, and became incorporated under the name Seabrook shortly after. Hampton Falls was considered one of the leading manufacturing towns in the entire state of New Hampshire around the time of 1770.[1] A plan to unite Seabrook and portions of Hampton Falls together was thought up in 1782. The town would've been called New Hampton Falls, but Hampton Falls was successful in making the proposal fail. In 1835, the town of Hampton Falls had a new meeting-house erected. Where in town it existed is unknown.[1] On the night between October 29 and October 30 in 1827, an earthquake struck the small town. A flash of light from a fault in the southern region of the town occurred, with violent trembeling shortly following. It caused at least three chimneys to collapse partially or completely, with several others cracked. Another, more severe earthquake also struck Hampton Falls on November 18, 1755, causing more, but not a lot of damage.[1] On May 21, 2006, an F2[2] tornado formed in the town at around 6:30 p.m. EST.[3] It was near Interstate 95 where it overturned a truck, leaving two injured men and a kayak in a tree. Research Tips This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Hampton Falls, New Hampshire. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:18.000Z	4w35dvb32pk2bly2koit2adiodl2d5ca	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35200", "uncompressed_offset": 679546527, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Source:Guild_of_One-Name_Studies_%28one-name.org%29", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:24:42.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:6a6882a8-efb5-438e-9126-748afd7e4cb3>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Source:Guild_of_One-Name_Studies_(one-name.org)" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Source:Guild of One-Name Studies (one-name.org) Watchers Source Guild of One-Name Studies Author Guild of One-Name Studies Coverage Place Worldwide Subject Finding aid Publication information Type Website Citation Guild of One-Name Studies. Guild of One-Name Studies. Repositories Guild of One-Name Studieshttp://www.one-name.org/Free website The Guild of One-Name Studies is a charitable organisation dedicated to promoting the public understanding of one-name studies and the preservation and accessibility of the resultant information. Founded in 1979 in Britain, the Guild has over 2,300 members all over the world, studying around 7,850 surnames. A one-name study is a project researching facts about a surname and all the people who have held it, as opposed to a particular pedigree (the ancestors of one person) or descendancy (the descendants of one person or couple). Only one person may register a specific surname, but membership of the Guild is open to all with an interest in surname studies, and is not restricted to those who wish to register a name. The Guild brings together those with an interest in one-name studies and other forms of surname study (such as DNA projects). External links	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:43.000Z	ulaojgetavmbhsvockubbczs5mg6hd27	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35208", "uncompressed_offset": 2332639, "url": "abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CaSHome.nsf/Home/CaSQ%2B9A%2BBIRTH%2BMONTH%2BPARADOX", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CaSHome.nsf/Home/CaSQ+9A+BIRTH+MONTH+PARADOX" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics ABS Home CensusAtSchool Australia CensusAtSchool home page > Mathematics - Quick C@S Activities CaSQ 9A - The Birth Month Paradox You can download this activity as a rich text file (RTF) using the link at the bottom of the page. How to: Get a Random Sample from CensusAtSchool Go to the CensusAtSchool Random Sampler to download a sample. Reference year: (select year) Sample size: 35 students Select questions: Birth month Location: Select location Year level: (select a range of year levels) To protect privacy there is a rule built into the sampler that the requested sample size cannot exceed 10% of the respondents for the parameters entered. Task: A paradox is something that seems impossible but is, in fact, true. 1. Imagine a random group of 5 people. What do you estimate would be the chance that at least 2 of them were born in the same month? Mark with an ‘E’ on the probability scale. 0 0.5 1.0 2. If someone told you that it could be theoretically proven that the chance that in any randomly selected group of 5 people, the probability that at least 2 of them have the same birth month is greater than a half would you believe them? i.e. (Pr at least 2 people out of 5 have the same birth month) = >0.5 would you believe them? You can check whether this is true by conducting an experiment using data from your random sample. Look at the birth months in your list. The first five students are student 1 to student 5. The second group of five students is student 2 to student 6 and so on. If there is a repeated birth month this is a favourable outcome. 3. Record whether there was a match for each group in a table like the one below for 30 trials. If there is more than one match this is still recorded as a single favourable outcome. Keep a running record of the fraction (how many favourable outcomes out of the total number of groups) and the percentage. Group Favourable outcome Y or N Fraction Decimal 1. /1 2. /2 3. /3 4. 4. Use a ‘T’ to record your result after 30 trials on the probability scale in question 1. You may notice that the more results we collect the less variable our results become. 5. Find the fraction and percentage when you pool your results with 1 classmate (a fraction out of 60) or 2 classmates (a fraction out of 90) in your class. Use a ‘G’ to show the result on the scale. 6. Write a paragraph that explains your findings to someone who doesn’t know about the Birth Month Paradox. NOTE: CaSQ 9B is an extension to this activity Download the Activity: To provide any feedback regarding this activity, please contact ABS Education Services on 1800 623 273 or email education@abs.gov.au. Back to Activities List for Mathematics Quick Activities. © Commonwealth of Australia 2008 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:01.000Z	vk2ga5gcv2ltahq6vr7hdaoamthjmidu	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35212", "uncompressed_offset": 9770432, "url": "answers.onstartups.com/questions/9397/seeking-sales-and-marketing-stakeholder/9400", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://answers.onstartups.com/questions/9397/seeking-sales-and-marketing-stakeholder/9400" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Tell me more × Answers OnStartups is a question and answer site for entrepreneurs looking to start or run a new business. It's 100% free, no registration required. StreamingCulture, a venture that I am involved with is looking for a stakeholder with sales and marketing experience. Our mission is to help nonprofit institutions (focusing for now on performing arts and cultural institutions) with a means to grow audiences and monetize their video assets online. Does anyone have a suggestion as to how an operating venture would find an individual with the right expertise who wants to come on board for equity (resources, websites, networks, etc.)? share\|improve this question 1 Answer I'd tier your approach from the perspective of highest confidence in the candidates. First go to your personal network. Linkedin/Facebook, friends/colleagues/family, tell them generally what type of person you're looking for. 80% of hiring comes from networking for many good reasons. If someone you know can vouch for a candidate then you should have a much higher level of confidence they'll work out. Second, go to forums/blogs/meetup groups...within the vertical you need. Be careful about your qualifications though. Sometimes the best prospect may come from a different space so don't completely shut that prospect off unless you feel that's a no go. But also talk to companies within the space who might have contacts interested. Third, broadcast more generally. Craigslist, forums like this one and others. Be real clear upfront about the equity part of this. I've seen many folks do a search and not let someone know until they're interviewing that it's an equity position. I don't like that approach. Best of luck, share\|improve this answer Your Answer discard By posting your answer, you agree to the privacy policy and terms of service.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:47:45.000Z	4e4i6r6lhcwxkmt2nihos5bjtetaznku	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35238", "uncompressed_offset": 35419952, "url": "buffalo.nas-central.org/w/index.php?oldid=29197&title=HowTo_Build_Your_Own_Custom_Kernel", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://buffalo.nas-central.org/w/index.php?title=HowTo_Build_Your_Own_Custom_Kernel&oldid=29197" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	HowTo Build Your Own Custom Kernel From NAS-Central Buffalo - The Linkstation Wiki Revision as of 23:51, 13 August 2009 by Smiley (Talk \| contribs) Jump to: navigation, search Contents Two Ways to Compile a Kernel There are two ways to build a custom kernel for the LinkStation/Kurobox. If you have access to an i686 host running some flavor of Linux, you can cross-compile a kernel for ARM9 on an i686 host. Alternatively, if your NAS has enough RAM, you could compile the kernel on the NAS itself, using the system's native gcc. Both ways of these approaches to building a custom kernel are described in the instructions that follow. Cross-compiling a Custom Kernel Download All the Required Tarballs To use the cross toolchain to compile a kernel for ARM9, you'll need access to an i686 host running some flavor of Linux. First, download the cross toolchain (arm-2005q3-2-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2), mkimage, and the source archive (linux-2.6.12_lsp.1.7.8.tgz): $ cd /some_directory $ wget -H -c http://downloads.nas-central.org/LSPro_ARM9/DevelopmentTools/CrossToolchains/CodeSourcery/arm-2005q3-2-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2 $ wget -H -c http://downloads.nas-central.org/LSPro_ARM9/DevelopmentTools/CrossToolchains/mkimage $ wget -H -c http://downloads.nas-central.org/LSPro_ARM9/GPL/gpl_ls-gl/linux-2.6.12_lsp.1.7.8.tgz If the files were not at the locations indicated above, fear not! Just look in every directory on the server (like I did). Prepare the Environment Then, install (i.e., untar) the toolchain and mkimage: $ cd /some_path $ tar -xjf /some_directory/arm-2005q3-2-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2 $ cd bin $ export PATH=`pwd`:$PATH $ cp -p /some_directory/mkimage . $ chmod a+rx mkimage Strictly speaking mkimage should not go into /some_path/bin. But, hey... Now untar the source of the kernel in some directory: $ cd /some_directory $ tar -xzf linux-2.6.12_lsp.1.7.8.tgz $ cd linux-2.6.12_lsp.1.7.8 Ready, Get Set, Build! In some_directory you can find the configs Buffalo used to build the kernels shipped with their various firmwares: $ ls buffalo/ and choose one to use as a template for yours. $ cp buffalo/buffalo_lsgl_arm_110.config .config Then you can modify the configuration as you want: $ make menuconfig and start up the build! $ make uImage If you selected some features to be built as modules, they need to be prepared too. $ make modules The kernel and modules will be ready at arch/arm/boot/uImage. Enjoy! Compiling a Native Kernel Software and Source Code Requirements If the distribution you have installed on your NAS has gcc, and enough RAM to compile a kernel, you should be able to build a custom kernel directly on the box itself. To do this, you will need gcc, a utility called mkimage, and the Buffalo kernel sources for your device. Those using GenLink will already have sys-devel/gcc on their system. mkimage is part of the dev-embedded/u-boot-tools package: emerge --getbinpkg --usepkg dev-embedded/u-boot-tools If you're running a different distribution, you should use the commands appropriate to your distribution to install gcc and u-boot-tools. In case you're wondering, mkimage is a utility used to create kernel and/or initrd images for use with u-boot. u-boot is the standard bootloader used on the LS. The mkimage utility is run by the Makefile during the kernel build process, and is needed to package the kernel so it can later be loaded by u-boot. The Buffalo kernel sources for your NAS should be available on the Buffalo Source Code Download page. Just look for the model device that you have, follow the link for the firmware version you want, look for a package name starting with "linux-", and download it. For example, if you have a LS-CL, you would surf to this page and download linux-2.6.22_lsp.3.0.5.tar.bz2. Of course, that's only an example. Download the source package that matches your device. Unpack and Fix Sources Once you have the kernel sources, you should unpack them somewhere convenient. For the sake of example, we'll use /usr/src/linux. cd /usr/src tar -xvjf /wherever/i/downloaded/linux-2.6.22_lsp.3.0.5.tar.bz2 ln -s linux-2.6.22_lsp.3.0.5 linux (That ln -s is optional, of course, and just for convenience.) Now that you've unpacked the source, a small change needs to be made to the main Makefile. Since the Makefile was written for cross-compilation, you need to comment out some lines and uncomment others: #ARCH ?= $(SUBARCH) CROSS_COMPILE ?= ARCH ?= arm #CROSS_COMPILE=arm-none-linux-gnueabi- There's also a small bug in arch/arm/mach-feroceon/Board/boardEnv/mv88F5182BoardEnv.c that you'll want to fix: //#if 0 #ifdef CONFIG_BUFFALO_LINKSTATION_LSGL (Why did they put #if0 in there? Who knows? Just comment it out.) Configuring the Kernel Next, you'll want to pre-configure the kernel with the default .config for your NAS. Assuming you have an LS-GL or LS-CL, which are based on the mv88f5182 chip: cd /usr/src/linux make mv88f5182_defconfig That will copy the default Buffalo config file (arch/arm/configs/mv88f5182_defconfig) to .config. Now, you have to configure the kernel. make menuconfig For some reason, the default .config has CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD and CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM disabled, and CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED and CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS enabled. So, poke around for those options and change them. When you're done, somewhere in your .config file, you should have each of these lines: CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD=y CONFIG_BLK_DEV_RAM=y # CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED is not set # CONFIG_LEGACY_PTYS is not set You may also want to set a "local version" for your kernel: CONFIG_LOCALVERSION="my_cool_custom_kernel_2009-08-13" Compiling the Kernel and Modules Now, compile the kernel: make uImage And, if you configured any code to load as modules, build the modules: make modules The kernel and modules should now be ready at arch/arm/boot/uImage (but hold on a minute, I haven't really gotten this far, yet). Personal tools	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:24.000Z	5glxiwlxidmspyczfwrhpx3pl4kzenkf	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35254", "uncompressed_offset": 52323718, "url": "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Creative Commons License Deed Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.5) Disclaimer The Commons Deed is not a license. It is simply a handy reference for understanding the Legal Code (the full license) — it is a human-readable expression of some of its key terms. Think of it as the user-friendly interface to the Legal Code beneath. This Deed itself has no legal value, and its contents do not appear in the actual license. Creative Commons is not a law firm and does not provide legal services. Distributing of, displaying of, or linking to this Commons Deed does not create an attorney-client relationship. This is a human-readable summary of the Legal Code (the full license). You are free: • to Remix — to adapt the work • to make commercial use of the work Under the following conditions: • Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author or licensor (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). What does "Attribute this work" mean? The page you came from contained embedded licensing metadata, including how the creator wishes to be attributed for re-use. You can use the HTML here to cite the work. Doing so will also include metadata on your page so that others can find the original work as well. • Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: • Waiver — Any of the above conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. • Public Domain — Where the work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license. • Other Rights — In no way are any of the following rights affected by the license: • Your fair dealing or fair use rights, or other applicable copyright exceptions and limitations; • The author's moral rights; • Rights other persons may have either in the work itself or in how the work is used, such as publicity or privacy rights. • Notice — For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page. A new version of this license is available. You should use it for new works, and you may want to relicense existing works under it. No works are automatically put under the new license, however. What does "conditions can be waived" mean? CC licenses anticipate that a licensor may want to waive compliance with a specific condition, such as attribution. Learn more. What does "Public Domain" mean? A work is in the public domain when it is free for use by anyone for any purpose without restriction under copyright. Learn more. What does "Fair use" mean? All jurisdictions allow some limited uses of copyrighted material without permission. CC licenses do not affect the rights of users under those copyright limitations and exceptions, such as fair use and fair dealing where applicable. Learn more. What are "Moral Rights"? In addition to the right of licensors to request removal of their name from the work when used in a derivative or collective they don't like, copyright laws in most jurisdictions around the world (with the notable exception of the US except in very limited circumstances) grant creators "moral rights" which may provide some redress if a derivative work represents a "derogatory treatment" of the licensor's work. Learn more. What are "Publicity Rights"? Publicity rights allow individuals to control how their voice, image or likeness is used for commercial purposes in public. If a CC-licensed work includes the voice or image of anyone other than the licensor, a user of the work may need to get permission from those individuals before using the work for commercial purposes. Learn more.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:02.000Z	ktmwkzc3hvl7dw4awcvzcimln33cvgjt	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35259", "uncompressed_offset": 71384629, "url": "elinux.org/index.php?action=info&title=Template%3ARPi_Tutorials", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=Template:RPi_Tutorials&action=info" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Information for "Template:RPi Tutorials" Jump to: navigation, search Basic information Display titleTemplate:RPi Tutorials Default sort keyRPi Tutorials Page length (in bytes)855 Page ID16322 Page content languageEnglish (en) Search engine statusIndexable Number of views601 Redirects to this page0 Page protection EditAllow all users MoveAllow all users Edit history Page creatorTufty (Talk \| contribs) Date of page creation19:35, 3 February 2012 Latest editorMeltwater (Talk \| contribs) Date of latest edit12:16, 23 April 2012 Total number of edits7 Total number of distinct authors3 Recent number of edits (within past 91 days)0 Recent number of distinct authors0 Page properties Transcluded templates (2) Templates used on this page: Pages transcluded on (13) Templates used on this page:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:48:30.000Z	jp3tyydsgcs4fw4vusyea2zfexarfmxa	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35265", "uncompressed_offset": 79113336, "url": "familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Category:Russell_County,_Alabama", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Category:Russell_County,_Alabama" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Category:Russell County, AlabamaEdit This Page From FamilySearch Wiki Pages in category "Russell County, Alabama" This category contains only the following page. R Media in category "Russell County, Alabama" The following 3 files are in this category, out of 3 total. • This page was last modified on 28 November 2012, at 03:21. • This page has been accessed 374 times.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:15.000Z	d7iojqaf4ytrftcb3wdk5z5wjgee3gjx	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35286", "uncompressed_offset": 113873755, "url": "itismymind.blogspot.com/2012/01/end-piracy-not-liberty.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://itismymind.blogspot.com/2012/01/end-piracy-not-liberty.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Wednesday, January 18, 2012 End Piracy, Not Liberty I don't know the breath of all the websites are protesting legislation through Congress known as PIPA and SOPA. All the same Google and Wikipedia are both advocating that we get in touch with our representatives or sign a petition to keep the internet free! The above image is from Google observing the blackout! Today even the Capitol Fax talked about this federal legislation!	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:38:45.000Z	g7iazl7klh34tuq5mdxxpramlc7mjqhs	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35294", "uncompressed_offset": 119540961, "url": "kauaimark.blogspot.com/2009/09/double-take.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://kauaimark.blogspot.com/2009/09/double-take.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Search This Blog Loading... Friday, September 18, 2009 Double-Take… Today I took a bold step into the unknown. I subbed a half day, pre-algebra class in middle school. Up to now, I have limited my subbing experience exclusively to the lower grades (k-6th). Seeing how 6th graders act at the end of the school year, I could just imagine how bad they’d be as 7th and 8th graders. This year I toyed with the idea of just trying out to see how different it might be to sub in the upper grades. This assignment was perfect for getting a taste of what subbing was like at this level. A half day assignment in the afternoon that included a prep-period had me exposed to only two sections of pre-Algebra class. Since I hadn’t been at this school before, I arrived early, checked in and went out to my classroom already in progress. The knock at the door was answered by a face that displayed the expressions of surprise, incomprehension, confusion and a blurted “What are YOU doing here”? With that comment the rest of the class turned to see who the kid, that I know as a “troubled leader” since the 3rd grade, was talking about. About half of the class recognized me and greeted me with “Hi! Mr. Homework!!” while the other half suddenly seemed very curious and perplexed about this stranger with the odd name. Now that I had unintentionally interrupted the class, I signaled that they should pay attention and get back to work. After they had been given a math quiz to start, the teacher came over to go over the lesson plan for the day. “I guess a lot of these kids already know you Mr. Homer?” She said in greeting. I introduced myself as Mr. P while correcting and explaining the misheard nickname. While the class quietly worked, she went over the lesson plan and answered the few questions I had about how to do the roll since I didn’t have access to the online roll system the teachers use. At the end of the period, she and the class exited the room and I waited for my first introduction to a middle school class. Both classes were clones of each other. The first few kids arriving early expecting to see their regular teacher instead saw a “Blast from the Past” as Mr. Homework was standing at the front of the classroom. A few even did double takes before a smile of recognition appeared. I knew about half of the kids in each period and of course the other half wanted to know what the deal was. Even though I had written my real name on the board, “my” kids kept referring to me as Mr. Homework. A few of the new kids asked about the name but time constraints didn’t allow the telling of the full story. I replied that they should ask one of “my kids” to tell the story after school and left it at that. Both periods ended really well. I had no problems and the kids didn’t act up at all. I think I like middle school…so far.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:25:38.000Z	oo7qgqn2qbkipeovm6lgfhslmnfgtuu4	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35297", "uncompressed_offset": 127948844, "url": "listarchives.documentfoundation.org/www/mirrors/msg00481.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://listarchives.documentfoundation.org/www/mirrors/msg00481.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index] Re: [tdf-mirrors] Re: [libreoffice-website] Re: LibreOffice: Dubious download behavior LO on Windows/IE ? On 30/10/2011 15:04, Spiff wrote: Thanks, Ricky/Riccardo, As my internet connection was (and still is) IPv4 only, I disabled IPv6 in Windows network properties, years ago. Some minutes ago I enabled it to test the Supportex mirror download, to see if it made any difference. Then I disabled it and tested again (both times Vista with IE9). No difference. Both times it took about three minutes(!!) for the Internet Explorer download manager popup to appear, offering to Run/Save/Cancel the download. This while trying any other mirror the Internet Explorer download manager appears instantly(!) http://download.documentfoundation.org/libreoffice/stable/3.4.3/win/x86/LibO_3.4.3_Win_x86_install_multi.exe.mirrorlist http://mirrors.supportex.net/tdf/libreoffice/stable/3.4.3/win/x86/LibO_3.4.3_Win_x86_install_multi.exe -- View this message in context: http://nabble.documentfoundation.org/Re-libreoffice-website-Re-LibreOffice-Dubious-download-behavior-LO-on-Windows-IE-tp3465272p3465695.html Sent from the Mirrors mailing list archive at Nabble.com. It is most likely the internet connection the mirror is on or its getting swamped with requests probably. I am inclined to say that the NIC is the bottle neck. I bet that it is most likely a 100 Mbit network card which is bottled necked with requests. Regards Jonathan Aquilina Get a signature like this. <http://r1.wisestamp.com/r/landing?promo=19&dest=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisestamp.com%2Femail-install%3Futm_source%3Dextension%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_campaign%3Dpromo_19> CLICK HERE. <http://r1.wisestamp.com/r/landing?promo=19&dest=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisestamp.com%2Femail-install%3Futm_source%3Dextension%26utm_medium%3Demail%26utm_campaign%3Dpromo_19> -- Unsubscribe instructions: E-mail to mirrors+help@documentfoundation.org Problems? http://www.libreoffice.org/get-help/mailing-lists/how-to-unsubscribe/ Posting guidelines + more: http://wiki.documentfoundation.org/Netiquette List archive: http://listarchives.documentfoundation.org/www/mirrors/ All messages sent to this list will be publicly archived and cannot be deleted Privacy Policy \| Impressum (Legal Info) \| Copyright information: Unless otherwise specified, all text and images on this website are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License. This does not include the source code of LibreOffice, which is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPLv3). "LibreOffice" and "The Document Foundation" are registered trademarks of their corresponding registered owners or are in actual use as trademarks in one or more countries. Their respective logos and icons are also subject to international copyright laws. Use thereof is explained in our trademark policy.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:26:59.000Z	rnthjlldeqn54q7aju22xjd2xtkdlpe5	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35335", "uncompressed_offset": 180729767, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quotes/author/2786/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quotes/author/2786/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotes by George, David Lloyd David Lloyd George. "Diplomats were invented simply to waste time." George, David Lloyd on diplomacy "The finest eloquence is that which gets things done; the worst is that which delays them." George, David Lloyd on eloquence "Liberty is not merely a privilege to be conferred; it is a habit to be acquired." George, David Lloyd on freedom "Liberty has restraints but no frontiers." George, David Lloyd on freedom "What is our task? To make Britain a fit country for heroes to live in." George, David Lloyd on heroes and heroism "A fully equipped duke costs as much to keep up as two Dreadnoughts, and dukes are just as great a terror -- and they last longer." George, David Lloyd on aristocracy "What do you want to be a sailor for? There are greater storms in politics than you will ever find at sea. Piracy, broadsides, blood on the decks. You will find them all in politics." George, David Lloyd on politics "Four specters haunt the Poor -- Old Age, Accident, Sickness and Unemployment. We are going to exorcise them. We are going to drive hunger from the hearth. We mean to banish the workhouse from the horizon of every workman in the land." George, David Lloyd on poverty and the poor "There is nothing so fatal to character as half finished tasks." George, David Lloyd on procrastination 3 fans of this quote "The stern hand of fate has scourged us to an elevation where we can see the great everlasting things which matter for a nation -- the great peaks we had forgotten, of Honor, Duty, Patriotism, and clad in glittering white, the great pinnacle of Sacrifice pointing like a rugged finger to Heaven." George, David Lloyd on sacrifice "With me a change of trouble is as good as a vacation." George, David Lloyd on change 4 fans of this quote "Don't be afraid to take a big step if one is indicated. You can't cross a chasm in two small jumps." George, David Lloyd on commitment 4 fans of this quote "The most dangerous thing in the world is to try to leap a chasm in two jumps." George, David Lloyd on anger "Once blood is shed in a national quarrel reason and right are swept aside by the rage of angry men. " George, David Lloyd on uncategorised "No democracy has ever long survived the failure of its adherents to be ready to die for it. My own conviction is this, the people must either go on or go under. " George, David Lloyd on uncategorised Take a look at recent activity on QB! Search Quotations Book Photos >>	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:18:09.000Z	fvzc5biyhzl2nwyrqesurtj67d54oqkb	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35336", "uncompressed_offset": 184477472, "url": "redsarmy.com/2009/06/08/it-wasnt-goaltending/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://redsarmy.com/2009/06/08/it-wasnt-goaltending/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	It Wasn’t Goaltending Chuck - Red's Army June 8, 2009 Uncategorized 8 Comments Not sure why the sports blogosphere is suddenly buzzing about the alleged goaltending at the end of Game 2. I've dug up the NBA rules on goaltending. Here are the sections that apply to last night's controversial ending to the Lakers/Magic game. Section I-A Player Shall Not: a. Touch the ball or the basket ring when the ball is using the basket ring as its lower base. i. Vibrate the rim or backboard so as to cause the ball to make an unnatural bounce. Pau Gasol clearly touches the basket ring but the ball is no where near the rim at the time. And he did not vibrate the rim enough to cause an unnatural bounce. In other words, you need to do a little more than just touch the rim. If you don't believe me, ESPN's Chris Sheridan had this piece of information...this morning. I guess no one reads ESPN.com. We can't help the folks in central Florida resolve that first problem, but we can give you the official answer on the second. NBA supervisor of officials Bernie Fryer told ESPN.com that if Gasol's hand had shaken the basket, caused the stanchion to move or touched the rim while the ball was on the rim, the correct call would have been goaltending. But since none of those things happened, according to Fryer, "It was a cut-and-dried no-call." Like this Article? Share it!	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:18:15.000Z	khybqdwzafx6iroqjrijlm46nck55az4	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35342", "uncompressed_offset": 197918396, "url": "scienceroll.com/2012/10/22/scienceroll-com-weekly-introduction-54/?_wpnonce=eb2f2292e0&like=1", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://scienceroll.com/2012/10/22/scienceroll-com-weekly-introduction-54/?like=1&_wpnonce=eb2f2292e0" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Skip to content Scienceroll.com: Weekly Introduction I’m in the global top 25 doctors on Twitter and the only European so if you are looking for interesting articles and news about medicine 2.0 or health 2.0, find me on Twitter. The Social MEDia Course: The global format of my university course focusing on medicine and social media for medical students, physicians and also patients with Prezis, tests and gamification. Webicina.com is my service that curates medical content in social media for free for medical professionals and e-patients. PeRSSonalized Medicine is the simplest, free, customizable medical information aggregator covering over 80 medical specialties and conditions in 17 languages! Scienceroll Search is a personalized medical search engine powered by PolyMeta search and clustering engine. You can choose which databases to search in and which one to exclude from your list. It works with well-known medical search engines and databases and we’re totally open to add new ones or remove those you don’t really like. List of biomedical and scientific community sites: More than 30 communities with links, descriptions and screenshots. List of Biomedical video sites: Almost 40 sites featuring scientific or medical videos and videocasts. Medicine 2.0 Collection: I maintain the biggest collection of links and posts focusing on web 2.0 and medicine. About these ads Follow Get every new post delivered to your Inbox. Join 224 other followers %d bloggers like this:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:21:46.000Z	hz7zqtb3545srir46gzodb5qmcojcuaf	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35383", "uncompressed_offset": 243775903, "url": "wikitravel.org/en/Aguascalientes", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://wikitravel.org/en/Aguascalientes" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Help Wikitravel grow by contributing to an article! Learn how. Aguascalientes From Wikitravel Jump to: navigation, search Aguascalientes is in the Bajio region of Mexico. [edit] Understand Aguascalientes means hot water in Spanish; the name comes from the abundance of hot springs in the area. Located in central Mexico, Aguascalientes borders the states of Zacatecas and Jalisco and is located about 537 km northwest of Mexico City. There are five trditional neighborhoods in Aguascalientes. Those neighborhoods are La Estacion, La Salud, El Encino, Guadalupe, and San Marcos(where the annual San Marcos Fair is held). Aguascalientes was founded in 1575. The city is very Spanish in nature and is known for its pottery, embroideries and woven goods. Aguascalientes, Mexico is the capital city of Aguascalientes the state. Historically, the Spanish chose this city as an outpost to guard against the Chichimec Indians who once resided in the area. It was an outpost against the Indian tribes until 1857 when a state of republic was created under the same name as the state, Aguascalientes. In 1910 through 1920 the city of Aguascalientes was a major rail junction between Mexico City and the silver mines of Zacatecas. Natives call Aguascalientes "the perforated city" or La Ciudad Perforada due to its intertwining passages, or catacombs beneath it that the pre-colonial Indians carved from rock. Their origin and reason is unknown and is presently not open to the public. [edit] Climate The climate in Aguascalientes is warm and dry year-round. Rainfall season is from May until November, although rain is very seldom here. When it does rain it's fierce and brief in the late afternoon leaving the evenings cooled off and dry. [edit] Get in [edit] By plane Lic. Jesús Terán Peredo International Airport (IATA: AGU, ICAO: MMAS), also known as Aguascalientes International Airport. The airport is 10 miles out of the city. Surrounding Airports • SLP - San Luis Potosi Airport • BJX - Leon-Guanajuato Airport • ZCL - Zacatecas Airport • GDL - Guadalajara Airport • TPQ - Tepic Airport [edit] Airlines • Aeroméxico (Los Angeles, Mexico City, Ontario (CA), Tijuana) • American Eagle (Dallas/Fort Worth) • Continental Express operated by ExpressJet Airlines (Houston-Intercontinental, Los Angeles [seasonal]) • Viva Aerobus (Monterrey) • Volaris (Tijuana) [edit] By bus Central Camionera, The bus station is on the south side of the first ring, 3 miles from main square. A bus ride from Mexico City will usually take about six hours. There is an overnight bus that runs from Mexico City to Aguascalientes that leaves around midnight and arrives in Aguascalientes around 6am. This type of bus trip is perfect for those who just want to spend a full day in Aguascalientes. Luxury services ETN [1] and Primera Plus [2] both service Aguas. Local buses MX$6 run from outside the bus station into the centre. Look for "Centro" on the windshield, meaning they go downtown. [edit] By car To get to Aguascalientes from Mexico City by car you will need to take the MEX 57 as far as Querétaro, then take the MEX 45 via Salamanca. Aguascalientes is located on Federal Highway 57/45 in Mexico. [edit] From Airport to your Hotel If you want to book transportation from the Airport to your hotel, you can try booking with the following companies: [edit] Get around From AGU - Aguascalientes Airport there is ground transportation available to take you to your destination. Rent a Car - Since Aguascalientes is very accessible by road so renting a car is yoor best option to see all the historic sites and architecture that Aguascalientes and its surrounding areas has to offer. Taxi - Taxis are also a smart option for getting around in Aguascalientes. You can arrange a taxi from your hotel although street cabs are usually much cheaper. Also, if you speak Spansih you're in luck! Your ability to speak Spanish will give you an advantage when negotiating a price with the taxi driver. Check that the driver turns on his metre. Most places in the city can be reached for MX$40 or less. [edit][add listing] See [edit] Museums • Museo de Arte Moderno • Museo Interactivo descubre • Museo Jose Guadalupe Posada - People of Mexico consider Posada the founder of modern art in Mexico. Since his death nearly a century ago, José Guadalupe Posada's work has steadily gained popularity with art lovers and Día de los Muertos celebrators alike. He is especially known for his calaveras images of whimsical skeletons. "La Catrina," is one such image.[3] While the illustration of the high society woman is one of Posada's most highly regarded pieces, it's also arguably the most recognizable image of the Día de los Muertos celebration. • Museo Nacional de la Muerte [4] the national museum of death. Celebrating the Mexican tradition of day of the dead with many beautiful works ranging from pre-hispanic period to today. Many people visit Aguas for this museum alone. • Museum of Aguascalientes - built out of pink quarry. It ha a collection of 20th century arts including the works of Saturnio Herran, who was born in Aguascalientes. Herran's arts include portraits of the everydady citizen painted with a high degree of sensitivity toward his subjects. His work is very similar to art nouveau. • Museo Regional de Historia [edit] Places that can have Temporal Exhibits • Casa de la Cultura - This is the forum for the National Plastic Arts contest during the San Marcos Fair. • Casa Teran • Centro Cultural los Arquitos • Parque Tres Centurias [edit] Theatres • Teatro de la Ciudad • Teatro Morelos - The National Poetry Prize is presented during The San Marcos Fair. [edit] Public Gardens • San Marcos Garden (Jardin de San Marcos) • Guadalupe (Jardin de Guadalupe) • El Encino (Jardin del Encino) • Zaragoza [edit] Parks Parque Hidalgo + - • Parque Heroes Mexicanos/Rodolfo Landeros Gallegos + - • Parque Mexico + - • Parque del Cedazo [edit] Church Buildings • Baroque Style Main Cathedral • Purisima • San Marcos • Guadalupe • El Encino y Jardin de la Paz • San Antonio Temple • Religious Pinacotheca [edit] Sports • Estadio Victoria Football, home of "Necaxa", colloquially called the "Hidrorayos" • Estadio Cuarto Centenario Basketball, home of the Panteras [edit] Architecture If your'e really interested in sights and architecture there are a blunder of places to see in Aguascalientes. First you can take a walk through the beautiful Parque de San Marcos, and then continue on to the gorgeous Palacio de Gobierno with its central courtyard and murals. This is the most outstanding colonial building in Aguascalientes. On the west side of the main square lies the 18th century baroque cathedral. This cathedral is filled with gorgeous paintings by colonial painter Miguel Cabrera. More interesting places to see include: • The Government Palace - Built of tezontle stone and gorgeous with its Neoclassical facade of red • The Municipal Palace - Built out of pink quarry • El Jardin de los Palacios (Palace Gardens)- A lovely fountain is on display here to honor the artist Jesus F. Contreras who was the creator of two of the relief sculptures decorating the square. Interesting to know is that Contreras sculptures represent the God of hunting "Camaxtli" and the God of Abundance "Centeotl." • La Plaza Patria - Holds spectacular views of an iron tower built in 1808. • Legislative Palace These places are easily accessible by car: El Tunel Porterillo, a walking and hiking trail runs through the Huejucar Canyon. There is also the Plutarco Elias Calles Dam and the Jocoque Presa which is ideal for water skiing, and fishing as well. The Ejido Ecoturistco El Ojote is a perfect place for someone who is very into adventure-sports. These exciting recreational sports include rock climbing and rappelling. [edit][add listing] Do • San Marcos Fair or in Spanish Feria de San Marcos , [5]. The oldest and largest state fair in Mexico begins annually around mid-April and ends in early May. One of the largest fairs in Mexico, attracting millions of visitors for the Casino, the bullfighting, cockfighting and nightlife. The San Marcos Fair also has nightly fireworks, amusement rides,art, theater, dance, commercial and industrial exhibitions, concerts,rodeos, and of course a variety of cuisine. This is the most busy time of year for Aguascalientes. Local schools close for a period of time during the fair as well as local offices. • Centro Deportivo Ojo Caliente Spa On the East side of town featuring thermal pools, saunas, steam baths, squash, and tennis courts. • Camping and the Outdoors WIth only a short distance from the city of Aguascalientes tourists and locals can go camping in the mountains of El Pinal, Guajolote, Laurel, and Sierra Fria. The best sites to hike and climb are at Antorcha, Laurel, La Ardilla, and Los Gallos. A few kilometers outside of Aguascalientes is where the best fishing occurs. The Jocoqui, El Llanero, and Abelardo Rodríguez Reservoirs are the best places for sport fishing. IN the surrounding areas in places such as El Tunel Porterillo, a walking and hiking trail runs through the Huejucar Canyon. There is also the Plutarco Elias Calles Dam which is ideal for fishing as well. The Ejido Ecoturistco El Ojote is a perfect place for someone who is very into adventure-sports. These exciting recreational sports include rock climbing and rappelling. • Ecotourism Aguascalientes also has beautiful natural scenery in which people can walk through. Visit the Parque Ecológico Héroes Mexicanos in Aguascalientes which is wonderfully abundant of natural scenery. • Golf If you like to gold Aguascalientes has two golf clubs. The Country Club Pulgas Pandas has a 6,420 yard long course, while The Club Campestre de Aguascalientes has an 18 hole course with a 7,535 yard long course. • History Aguascalientes is a colonial town full of history. If history is one of your main interests the Teatro Morelos should be on your list of stops. Here is where the supporters of Carranza, Villa and Zapata, gathered after defeating Victoriano Huerta upon drawing up a program for the government which led to the Revolutionary Convention and the Plan of Ayala. It was represented by men such as Alvaro Obregón, Felipe Angeles, and Francisco Villa. The Teatro Morelos is where Eulalio Gutiérrez was appointed president in 1914 also. [edit][add listing] Buy [edit] Malls and markets • Mercado Teran • Mercado Revolucion • El Parian • Plaza Patria • Expo Plaza • Plaza Vestir • Centro Comercial El Dorado • Centro Comercail Villa Asuncion • Centro Comercial Galerias • The Centro Comercial Plaza de Vestir This shopping center carries blouses and tablecloths produced by local craftsmen, puppets, wooden toys, and ornaments. • Altaria' [edit] Flea markets • Tianguis de la Purisima • Linea de Fuego (on Sundays) mainly for used items, tools. [edit][add listing] Eat • La China Hilaria- Located on Blvd Luis Donaldo Colosio this restaurant sells delicious regional food. • Mesón del Taco- Located on Avenue Aguascalientes Pte. this restaurant sells traditional and authentic Mexican food including their famous Tacos. • Applebee's Grill and Bar Located on Avenue Independencia 2351 this restaurant is for those who want a taste of the U.S. while in Mexico. Applebees serves steak, chicken, salads, and seafood. • De Andrea Alameda Located on Avenue Tecnológico one can come to this restaurant for a taste of all types of international food. • Los Mixes- Located on Blvd Luis Donaldo Colosio this "hole in the whole" taco restaurant serves the best tacos in town. • The best food to try while in Aguascalientes include the barbacoa de olla, biznaga tamales, candied guava, caramel sweets, and ladrillos; which is a delicious flaky pastry. There is a mercado near 5 de Mayo specialising in delicious roast lamb served with tacos, or try Mercado Teran for cheap eats such as buritos. [edit][add listing] Drink There are many nightclubs/bars in Aguascalientes. But don't head there early. Locals usually begin to show up at the bars around 11pm. They don't leave or even start dancing until 5am through 7am. So if you want to drink and party like a local do not head home early! If you want to party visit Aguas during la Feria de San Marcos [6]. The city transforms into the largest open-air cantina in Mexico, with an abundance of places selling cocktails (M$50) or 2L beers (also M$50). You are also able to buy beer in cans, bottles, 16 oz and 1L varieties. Usually drinking on the street in Mexico would be problomatic, However, during the the Feria many enterprising people open public bathroom, all costing M$5. Clubs and a Casino also open specially for the Feria. [edit][add listing] Sleep There are a variety of hotels in Aguascalientes. • Lukas Hostel, Valentin Gomez Farias #541 Barrio Guadalupe (visit website at http://www.lukashostel.com), +52 (449) 9 179 123, [7]. checkin: 24 hours; checkout: noon. Lukas Hostel is an international hostel in Aguascalientes. They are right downtown between the Plaza and the Jardin de San Marcos. They offer dormitory beds and private rooms. As of May, 2009, the rates are 100 pesos per person per night for a dormitory bed and 250 pesos for one or two people in a private room. Rates go up during the Feria de San Marcos and other times. Check the website for updated information. They cater to classic backpackers and to groups and university conferences but they are open to all travelers. They offer a full kitchen, terrace with hammocks, free coffee tea and purified water and more. 100 pesos. edit [edit] Get out This article is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow! Personal tools Namespaces Variants Actions Navigation feeds Destination Docents Toolbox In other languages other sites	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:51:02.000Z	teipmgrm5ja6fgwy24anyqouas4rxu75	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35387", "uncompressed_offset": 253761372, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/8304B897EF924DFBCA25722E001A7FF0", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/8304B897EF924DFBCA25722E001A7FF0?opendocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 5320.0 - Merchandise Imports, Australia: Balance of Payments Basis, Sep 1995 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/10/1995 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:46:58.000Z	r2uw6juv6ojxpmewnq64vnlzto4iljph	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35388", "uncompressed_offset": 253768115, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/8C9066498A28768ACA256E30007BCC1C", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/mediareleasesbyReleaseDate/8C9066498A28768ACA256E30007BCC1C?OpenDocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Catalogue Number 2059.0 - Census of Population and Housing: Australia's Youth, 2001 Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 05/02/2004 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product MEDIA RELEASE February 5, 2004 Embargoed 11:30am (AEST) 22/2004 Income for NT youth highest of all states and territories In 2001, Northern Territory (NT) youth (aged 15-24 years) had a median individual weekly income of $194, the highest of all states and territories, according to a new report on Australian youth released today by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Despite earning the highest median individual weekly income amongst youth in the country, NT young people had one of the lowest rates of labour force participation in the country. Just over half (56%) of NT youth were either working or looking for employment in 2001, compared to 63% for all Australian youth. Other key findings for the NT include: • Over one-third (34%) of the territory's youth population identified themselves as Indigenous. • Of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth population, 14% were counted in the NT. • There were more young males than females in the NT youth population, with 109.9 males for every 100 females. • Less than one-third (30%) of youth in the NT were attending an educational institution, compared to 53% nationally. • Over one-third (36%) of all NT youth had accessed the Internet in the week preceding the 2001 Census, the lowest proportion of all states and territories. • Less than one in ten (8%) of the territory's youth population were born overseas, with the majority of these born in non-main English speaking countries. The report draws on 2001 Census data, which counted 30,100 people aged 15–24 years in the NT. This equated to 15% of the total NT population and 1.2% of the total Australian youth population. Further details are in Census of Population and Housing: Australia's Youth, 2001 (cat. no. 2059.0). © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:40:16.000Z	om5wtwfwnqy7i7fbx2heyfs6cr63smbq	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35394", "uncompressed_offset": 294373645, "url": "www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/12/22", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/12/22" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Case report Aquaporin-4 expression in distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles Akihiko Hoshi1*, Teiji Yamamoto1, Saeko Kikuchi1, Tomoko Soeda1, Keiko Shimizu1 and Yoshikazu Ugawa1,2 Author Affiliations 1 Department of Neurology, Fukushima Medical University, 1, Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan 2 JST, Research Seeds Program, Fukushima, Japan For all author emails, please log on. BMC Neurology 2012, 12:22 doi:10.1186/1471-2377-12-22 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/12/22 Received:29 December 2011 Accepted:27 April 2012 Published:27 April 2012 © 2012 Hoshi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy is clinically characterized by the early involvement of distal leg muscles. The striking pathological features of the myopathy are muscle fibers with rimmed vacuoles. To date, the role of aquaporin-4 water channel in distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy has not been studied. Case presentation Here, we studied the expression of aquaporin-4 in muscle fibers of a patient with distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses showed that sarcolemmal aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity was reduced in many muscle fibers of the patient. However, the intensity of aquaporin-4 staining was markedly increased at rimmed vacuoles or its surrounding areas and in some muscle fibers. The fast-twitch type 2 fibers were predominantly involved with the strong aquaporin-4-positive rimmed vacuoles and TAR-DNA-binding protein-43 aggregations. Rimmed vacuoles with strong aquaporin-4 expression seen in the distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy patient were not found in control muscles without evidence of neuromuscular disorders and the other disease-controls. Conclusions Aquaporin-4 might be crucial in determining the survival or degeneration of fast-twitch type 2 fibers in distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles/hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Keywords: Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV)/hereditary inclusion body myopathy (hIBM); Rimmed vacuoles (RVs); Aquaporin-4 (AQP4); Fast-twitch type 2 fiber Background Autosomal recessive distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV)/hereditary inclusion body myopathy (hIBM) is clinically characterized by preferential involvement of the distal leg muscles in the very early stage, and later of most proximal muscles. One of the striking pathological features of this myopathy is muscle fibers with rimmed vacuoles (RVs) [1,2]. DMRV/hIBM is caused by a mutation in the uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE) gene, which encodes a bifunctional enzyme catalyzing the 2 exclusive rate-limiting reactions of sialic acid synthesis in the cytosol [3,4]. However, why these mutations produce a myopathy with RVs remains to be determined. Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the main water channel of the neuromuscular system. In the skeletal muscle, AQP4 is predominantly localized to the sarcolemma of fast-twitch type 2 fibers [5-7]. AQP4 expression in the muscles is markedly reduced in patients with dystrophinopathy, dysferlinopathy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [8-10], but the pathophysiology underlying the reduction in expression is unclear. Changes in AQP4 expression, however, have not been studied in DMRV/hIBM thus far. In this communication, we aimed to characterize AQP4 expressions in the muscle fibers of a patient with DMRV/hIBM associated with GNE mutation. Furthermore, we investigated accumulation of TAR-DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43), a pathological hallmark of vacuolar myopathies [11,12], in the muscle fibers of DMRV/hIBM patients. Case presentation A 20-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with gait disturbance. He had no family history of neuromuscular disorders. He first noticed leg dragging at the age of 14. Neurological examination showed marked weakness and atrophy in the distal leg muscles and moderate atrophy in the proximal leg muscles. Cranial muscles were not involved and sensory examination was unremarkable. No deformity of the spine and feet was noted. Serum creatine kinase level was 599 IU/L (normal, 62–287 IU/L) with no other routine biochemical abnormalities including renal, liver, and thyroid functions and a battery of immunological markers (antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, anti-DNA antibody, Jo-1, etc) were all negative. Electromyography showed myogenic changes with some neurogenic changes in all muscles tested. Nerve conduction studies were unremarkable. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging studies showed atrophies and degenerations in the muscles of both anterior and posterior compartments of the legs (Figure 1A). The hamstrings were markedly involved muscles while the vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medius were moderately involved muscles (Figure 1B). Mutational analysis of GNE revealed a homozygous 1714 G>C mutation. Figure 1. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging. T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of the legs (A) and thigh (B) show severe muscle atrophy and increased signal intensities in the tibialis anterior and posterior, adductor longus and magnus, and biceps femoris muscles. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the left quadriceps femoris, and the tissue specimens were immediately frozen in isopentane chilled with liquid nitrogen. Serial 10-μm-thick transverse sections cut using a cryostat were stained by routine muscle histochemical methods. In addition, we performed immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence studies (Additional file 1 shows these methods in more detail). Additional file 1. Method of immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence study. Format: DOC Size: 29KB Download file This file can be viewed with: Microsoft Word Viewer Cryostat sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed an increased variation in muscle fiber sizes, angular atrophic fibers, central nuclei, and RVs with no inflammatory cell infiltrates (Figure 2A). The RVs and areas surrounding the RVs showed intense AQP4 immunoreactivity, but the centers of the vacuoles were devoid of immunoreactivity (Figure 2B, inset), while many muscle fibers showed weak sarcolemmal AQP4 immunoreactivity (Figure 2C). Immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 also showed that the RVs and the areas surrounding the RVs were often strongly AQP4 positive (Figure 2D). Further, strong cytoplasmic or cytosolic punctate AQP4 expression was occasionally observed (Figure 2D, inset). Negative controls, which were not incubated with anti-AQP4 antibody, showed no immunoreactivity (Figure 2E). In a control muscle sample without evidence of neuromuscular disorders, AQP4 immunostaining clearly showed the mosaicism in the AQP4 expression on the myofiber surface (Figure 2F). RVs with intensive AQP4 expression and sarcoplasmic AQP4 aggregates were never seen in the control muscle. Moreover, double immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 and myosin heavy chain-fast (MHCF) showed that AQP4was predominantly expressed in the fast-twitch type 2 fibers (Figure 2G1-G3). Figure 2. Pathology of muscle. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (A). Modified Gomori-trichrome staining (B) and immunohistochemical examination of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) (inset) in the serial section (Note the arrow-heads). Immunohistochemical examination of AQP4 (C). Immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 shows that the rimmed vacuoles (RVs) and the areas surrounding the RVs are often strongly AQP4 positive (D, arrow-heads) but not always so (D, arrow). Negative controls, without incubations with anti-AQP4 antibody (E). AQP4 expression in normal control muscle (F). Double immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 and myosin heavy chain-fast (MHCF) in the normal control muscle (G1-G3). We next determined whether AQP4 expression was associated with the type of fiber in the DMRV/hIBM patient. RV-positive muscle fibers were predominantly present in MHCF fibers, whereas only some were found in myosin heavy chain-slow (MHCS) fibers in serial sections (Figure 3A- 3C). Double immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 and MHCF showed that RVs with strong AQP4 expression were localized predominantly in the MHCF fibers (Figure 3D1-D3). In addition, double immunostaining of AQP4 and MHCS showed that RVs with strong AQP4 expression were mostly located in the non-MHCS fibers (Figure 3E1-E3). Furthermore, numerous TDP-43 immunostained aggregates were detected in many muscle fibers (Figure 3F). Double immunostaining of TDP-43 and MHCF or MHCS revealed that the TDP-43 immunostaining was most commonly present in the MHCF-positive fibers (Figure 3G), not in the MHCS fibers (Figure 3H). Figure 3. Fast-twitch type 2 fibers are predominantly involved with strong aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-positive rimmed vacuoles (RVs) and TAR-DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) aggregation. Immunohistochemical examination of myosin heavy chain-fast (MHCF) and myosin heavy chain-slow (MHCS) in serial sections (A-C, B is high-power view of A). Double immunofluorescence analysis of AQP4 and MHCF showed many RVs with intense AQP4 expression in the MHCF-positive fibers (D1-D3, arrow-heads). Occasionally, the RVs with AQP4 expression were detected in the MHCF-negative fibers (D1 and D3, arrows). Double immunostaining of AQP4 and MHCS showed that RVs with strong AQP4 expression were mostly located in the non-MHCS fibers (E1-E3, arrow-heads). Immunohistochemical analysis of TDP-43 (F). Double immunostaining of TDP-43 and MHCF revealed that the TDP-43 immunoreactivity is mostly present in MHCF fibers (G, arrows), not in the MHCS fibers (Fig. H). Subsequently, we performed a disease-control study of muscle AQP4/dystrophin expression. RVs with intensive AQP4 expression and sarcoplasmic AQP4 aggregates frequently seen in the DMRV/hIBM patient were not found in a female carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) or in an ALS patient (Figure 4). As expected, both of the disease-controls showed some lack of AQP4/dystrophin expression in the sarcolemma, as described elsewhere [8-10]. Figure 4. Double immunofluorescence analysis of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and dystrophin in a female carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient (ALS). A female carrier of DMD showed a mosaic pattern of dystrophin-positive and dystrophin-negative fibers on sarcoplasmic membrane with a markedly increased variability of muscle fiber diameters, and the stainability of AQP4 was strikingly patchy; some large fibers showed positive staining for AQP4 whereas almost all the small fibers were negative (A1-A3). The muscle specimens of an ALS patient showed that AQP4 immunoreactivity was weak or negative on the myofiber surface with group atrophy, but dystrophin was clearly visualized on the denervated muscles (B1-B3). Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AQP4 expression in the skeletal muscle of a DMRV/hIBM patient. We showed that sarcolemmal AQP4 immunoreactivity was reduced in many muscle fibers of the DMRV/hIBM patient, a female carrier of DMD, and an ALS patient. It is interesting to note that AQP4 staining was markedly increased in the areas of the RVs and in some muscle fibers in DMRV/hIBM. The most striking findings were that the fast-twitch type 2 fibers were predominantly involved with the strong AQP4-positive RVs and TDP-43 aggregations in DMRV/hIBM. Our DMRV/hIBM case showed unusual involvement of the quadriceps muscles. In general, even at the advanced stage of DMRV/hIBM, quadriceps muscles are relatively spared. However, an earlier study has described a DMRV/hIBM patient with weakness of quadriceps [13]. Intriguingly, the study also reported that a non-DMRV/hIBM patient with predominant proximal muscle weakness of the lower extremities had GNE mutations [13]. On the other hand, quadriceps muscles of GNE knockout mouse are preferentially involved [14]. It remains unknown why clinical variations are observed in GNE-mutated DMRV/hIBM. Further studies are needed to clarify the genotype/phenotype correlations in DMRV/hIBM patients. Our results about downregulation of AQP4 are consistent with the results reported in other studies [8-10]. We suppose that AQP4 downregulation occurs as a common pathway in muscle degeneration at a late stage. An important finding of our study is the result of AQP4-positive staining. We show that AQP4 staining was markedly increased at the RVs or the areas surrounding the RVs and in some muscle fibers in our DMRV/hIBM patient. Furthermore, fast-twitch type 2 fibers were predominantly involved with the strong AQP4-positive RVs, while these findings were not observed in a control muscle samples without evidence of neuromuscular disorders and in disease-control muscles. The lysosomal system is thought to be activated in DMRV/hIBM muscle because of accumulation of various lysosome-related proteins in the RVs [14,15]. Moreover, several sarcolemmal proteins, α-dystroglycan, β-dystroglycan, and α-sarcoglycan are also accumulated in the myofibers of the DMRV/hIBM mouse model, presumably because of abnormal protein misfolding/aggregation [14,15]. We surmise that the AQP4-positive aggregates in the sarcoplasm and intense AQP4 expression with RVs are associated with the lysosomal autophagic process. On the other hand, the slow- to fast-twitch conversion of soleus fibers under muscle unloading is associated with AQP4 expression in rats [16]. The fact that the modulation of AQP4 expression is associated with the transition of muscle fiber type indicates that AQP4 is an important muscle protein involved in muscle plasticity. In addition, AQP4 may protect against muscle damage, by maintaining muscle volume regulation and muscle osmolarity [6]. Thus, we consider that muscle adaptation from type 1 to type 2 fibers is associated with the change in AQP4 expression against muscle degeneration in DMRV/hIBM. A critical feature in terms of involvement of a specific type of muscle fiber in DMRV/hIBM is that the fast-twitch fibers are predominantly affected [17]. As shown in our DMRV/hIBM patient, the fast-twitch type 2 fibers would be more involved with TDP-43 accumulation in the late stage. TDP-43 positive aggregates have been observed in various vacuolar myopathies, which suggests that TDP-43 accumulation is more likely to be a common endpoint of vacuolar muscle degeneration [11]. Conclusions In conclusion, we found that many muscle fibers of a patient with DMRV/hIBM showed a reduction of sarcolemmal AQP4 immunoreactivity, while fast-twitch type 2 fibers were predominantly involved with strong AQP4-positive RVs and TDP-43 aggregation. Although the functional role of AQP4 in skeletal muscle is not well understood, AQP4 might be crucial in determining the survival or degeneration of fast-twitch type 2 fibers in DMRV/hIBM. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case report and any accompanying images. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions AH conceived the study and drafted the manuscript. In addition, he reviewed medical report of the patients and analyzed the neuropathological findings. KS and ST contributed to the analysis of muscle pathology. TY and YU are senior authors and oversaw all aspects of the paper, including a careful review of the final product. KS performed routine muscle histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence of the patients. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Ichizo Nishino (Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan) for GNE mutation analysis and Hisae Kayama for her technical assistance. Part of this work was supported by the followings: Research Project Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (No. 22390181); grants from the Uehara Memorial Foundation; NOVARTIS Foundation (Japan) for the promotion of Science. References 1. Broccolini A, Gidaro T, Morosetti R, Mirabella M: Hereditary inclusion-body myopathy: clues on pathogenesis and possible therapy. Muscle Nerve 2009, 40:340-349. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 2. Malicdan MC, Noguchi S, Nishino I: Recent advances in distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV) or hIBM: treatment perspectives. Curr Opin Neurol 2008, 21:596-600. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 3. Eisenberg I, Avidan N, Potikha T, Hochner H, Chen M, Olender T, Barash M, Shemesh M, Sadeh M, Grabov-Nardini G, Shmilevich I, Friedmann A, Karpati G, Bradley WG, Baumbach L, Lancet D, Asher EB, Beckmann JS, Argov Z, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S: The UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase gene is mutated in recessive hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Nat Genet 2001, 29:83-87. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 4. Nishino I, Noguchi S, Murayama K, Driss A, Sugie K, Oya Y, Nagata T, Chida K, Takahashi T, Takusa Y, Ohi T, Nishimiya J, Sunohara N, Ciafaloni E, Kawai M, Aoki M, Nonaka I: Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles is allelic to hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Neurology 2002, 59:1689-1693. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 5. Basco D, Nicchia GP, D’Alessandro A, Zolla L, Svelto M, Frigeri A: Absence of aquaporin-4 in skeletal muscle alters proteins involved in bioenergetic pathways and calcium handling. PLoS One 2011, 6:e19225. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 6. Frigeri A, Nicchia GP, Verbavatz JM, Valenti G, Svelto M: Expression of aquaporin-4 in fast-twitch fibers of mammalian skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 1998, 102:695-703. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 7. Frigeri A, Nicchia GP, Balena R, Nico B, Svelto M: Aquaporins in skeletal muscle: reassessment of the functional role of aquaporin-4. FASEB J 2004, 18:905-907. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 8. Au CG, Butler TL, Egan JR, Cooper ST, Lo HP, Compton AG, North KN, Winlaw DS: Changes in skeletal muscle expression of AQP1 and AQP4 in dystrophinopathy and dysferlinopathy patients. Acta Neuropathol 2008, 116:235-246. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 9. Assereto S, Mastrototaro M, Stringara S, Gazzerro E, Broda P, Nicchia GP, Svelto M, Bruno C, Nigro V, Lisanti MP, Frigeri A, Minetti C: Aquaporin-4 expression is severely reduced in human sarcoglycanopathies and dysferlinopathies. Cell Cycle 2008, 7:2199-2207. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 10. Jimi T, Wakayama Y, Matsuzaki Y, Hara H, Inoue M, Shibuya S: Reduced expression of aquaporin 4 in human muscles with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other neurogenic atrophies. Pathol Res Pract 2004, 200:203-209. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 11. Küsters B, van Hoeve BJ, Schelhaas HJ, Ter Laak H, van Engelen BG, Lammens M: TDP-43 accumulation is common in myopathies with rimmed vacuoles. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 2009, 117:209-211. Publisher Full Text 12. Salajegheh M, Pinkus JL, Taylor JP, Amato AA, Nazareno R, Baloh RH, Greenberg SA: Sarcoplasmic redistribution of nuclear TDP-43 in inclusion body myositis. Muscle Nerve 2009, 40:19-31. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 13. Tomimitsu H, Shimizu J, Ishikawa K, Ohkoshi N, Kanazawa I, Mizusawa H: Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (DMRV): new GNE mutations and splice variant. Neurology 2004, 62:1607-1610. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 14. Malicdan MC, Noguchi S, Nonaka I, Hayashi YK, Nishino I: A Gne knockout mouse expressing human GNE D176V mutation develops features similar to distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles or hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Hum Mol Genet 2007, 16:2669-2682. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 15. Malicdan MC, Noguchi S, Nishino I: Autophagy in a mouse model of distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles or hereditary inclusion body myopathy. Autophagy 2007, 3:396-398. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 16. Frigeri A, Nicchia GP, Desaphy JF, Pierno S, De Luca , Camerino DC, Svelto M: Muscle loading modulates aquaporin-4 expression in skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2001, 15:1282-1284. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 17. Krause S, Aleo A, Hinderlich S, Merlini L, Tournev I, Walter MC, Argov Z, Mitrani-Rosenbaum S, Lochmüller H: GNE protein expression and subcellular distribution are unaltered in HIBM. Neurology 2007, 69:655-659. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text Pre-publication history The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/12/22/prepub	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:48:14.000Z	r2gnyzchyebwq55qcyfghmbpjbdqd2wo	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35395", "uncompressed_offset": 294407245, "url": "www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/3/S7/S3?fmt_view=mobile", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/3/S7/S3?fmt_view=mobile" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	This article is part of the supplement: Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 Proceedings Genetics Analysis Workshop 16 Problem 2: the Framingham Heart Study data L Adrienne Cupples1,2*, Nancy Heard-Costa2,3, Monica Lee2,3, Larry D Atwood1,2,3 and the Framingham Heart Study Investigators Author affiliations 1 Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston Massachusetts 02118, USA 2 Framingham Heart Study, 73 Mount Wayte Avenue, Framingham, Massachusetts 01702-5728, USA 3 Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 75 East Newton Street, Boston Massachusetts 02118, USA For all author emails, please log on. Citation and License BMC Proceedings 2009, 3(Suppl 7):S3 doi: The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/3/S7/S3 Published:15 December 2009 © 2009 Cupples et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. Abstract Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 (GAW16) Problem 2 presented data from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), an observational, prospective study of risk factors for cardiovascular disease begun in 1948. Data have been collected in three generations of family participants in the study and the data presented for GAW16 included phenotype data from all three generations, with four examinations of data collected repeatedly for the first two generations. The trait data consisted of information on blood pressure, hypertension treatment, lipid levels, diabetes and blood glucose, smoking, alcohol consumed, weight, and coronary heart disease incidence. Additionally, genotype data obtained through a genome-wide scan (FHS SHARe) of 550,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from Affymetrix chips were included with the GAW16 data. The genotype data were also used for GAW16 Problem 3, where simulated phenotypes were generated using the actual FHS genotypes. These data served to provide investigators with a rich resource to study the behavior of genome-wide scans with longitudinally collected family data and to develop and apply new procedures Introduction The Framingham Heart Study (FHS) -- under the direction of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) -- began in 1948 with the recruitment of adults from the town of Framingham, Massachusetts. At the time, little was known about the general causes of heart disease and stroke, but death rates for cardiovascular disease (CVD) had been increasing steadily since the beginning of the 20th century and had become an American epidemic. Even though rates of CVD have declined in recent decades, it remains the primary cause of death in both men and women in the US and in many other parts of the world. The FHS is now conducted in collaboration with Boston University. The objective of the FHS was to identify the common factors or characteristics that contribute to CVD by following its development over a long period of time in a large group of population-based participants who had not yet developed overt symptoms of CVD or suffered a heart attack or stroke [1]. This project was unusually ambitious. As one of the first population-based, epidemiologic studies, it planned to follow participants prospectively for 20 years with repeat examinations. The NHLBI selected Framingham, Massachusetts because it was a moderate-sized town with a relatively stable population that was thought to reflect many communities in the US at that time. In the late 1940s an estimate of the number of residents in the age range 30-60 years who were eligible for recruitment was about 10,000 individuals. The study aimed to recruit approximately 6,000 participants. Between 1948 and 1953, the researchers recruited 5,209 participants (2,336 men and 2,873 women) between the ages of 29 and 62 and began the first round of extensive physical examinations and lifestyle interviews that they would later analyze for common patterns related to CVD development. Participants were recruited from lists of addresses recorded for the town census. Recruiters approached two out of every three households for participation in the study. While there was no intention to recruit families for family studies, the plan was to recruit all household members in the ages 30-60 within each house selected for study. Hence, the Study recruited many related individuals, including siblings, parent-child dyads, and 1,644 spouse pairs. The investigators also thought that recruitment of spouse pairs would encourage continued participation for the original 20-year planned duration for the study. Since 1948, these participants have returned to the study every 2 years for a detailed medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Now at more than 60 years of follow up, there remain fewer than 500 participants from this cohort, known as the Original Cohort. Between 1971 and 1975 the Study enrolled a second-generation group -- 5,124 of the original participants' children and the spouses of these children -- to participate in similar examinations. An important goal in recruiting this Offspring Cohort was to evaluate the heritable factors involved in the development of CVD and its risk factors. Thus, the main strategy was to recruit offspring where both parents participated in the Original Cohort and those with one parent at higher risk of CVD due to higher lipid levels. Of those recruited, 2,616 participants are offspring of the original spouse pairs and 34 are stepchildren. Another 898 offspring are children of cohort members where only one parent was a study participant and 1,576 are spouses of the offspring. The Offspring Cohort participants have returned every 4 years through 2001 (except between Exams 1 and 2, which had an intervening 8 years) for follow-up exams, using protocols similar to those used for study of the Original Cohort. Between 2002 and 2005 the Study enrolled the third generation (Generation 3) into the FHS - 4,095 offspring of the second generation. None of their spouses were recruited. At this time, the FHS also recruited an additional 103 parents of this third generation who were not recruited between 1971 and 1975. Data on the latter group are not included in the GAW16 data. With the recruitment of this third generation, the Study has increasingly focused on genetic factors associated with the development of CVD and its associated risk factors. The Generation 3 Cohort is now participating in its second examination. A description of the recruitment of this third generation and comparison with the earlier generations at their initial recruitment is presented in Splansky et al. [2]. We owe a great deal of gratitude to the Framingham participants for this rich resource of data that has accrued over 60 years in three generations. It is their unflagging commitment to the Study that makes our research possible. Further information on the Study can be found at the Framingham Heart Study web site [3]. Genotype data In-depth genetic studies did not begin in the FHS until the 1990s. In the late 1980s, family structures were formally formed into extended pedigrees. Also in the late 1980s and through the 1990s, investigators extracted DNA from blood samples of surviving FHS participants. Because many Original Cohort members had died by this time, study investigators obtained DNA samples from less than 30% of this cohort. In the mid-1990s into the early 2000s, the NHLBI Mammalian Genotyping Service, Center for Medical Genetics genotyped genome-wide microsatellites over several phases in the largest 330 families in the Study. And in the early 2000s, a 100 k Affymetrix genome-wide scan was conducted in these families [4]. In 2007, the FHS entered a new phase with the establishment of the FHS SHARe (SNP Health Association Resource) project by NHLBI and Boston University, for which Affymetrix performed dense SNP genotyping using approximately 550,000 SNPs (GeneChip® Human Mapping 500 k Array Set and the 50 k Human Gene Focused Panel) in 10,775 samples (some duplicates) from the three generations of participants (including over 900 pedigrees). The genotyping platforms for the FHS SHARe project were the 250 k Sty, the 250 k Nsp, and the supplemental gene-centric 50 k chip. The Study obtained DNA for 89% of the participants during the 1990s. To maximize the power of the study, we also extracted DNA from 1,133 blood samples, drawn from participants who had no available DNA samples, to include in the SHARe project. These samples had been sitting in our freezers for some time, a few as far back as the 1970s. We refer to these DNA samples as the legacy samples. These samples had a higher failure rate in the genotyping process (40%) than the other 89% (3%). As a result, to maximize the number of subjects included we used different criteria for a sample to succeed in genotyping for these two types of DNA samples. All non-legacy samples must succeed on all three platforms, while legacy samples needed to pass on at least one platform. When a sample failed, additional attempts were made. Samples that repeatedly failed two to four times were called failures. Other samples failed due to issues of genotyped sex identification not matching our records, low SNP concordance among SNPs common across arrays, or contamination. Eighty-nine percent of the legacy samples for which genotyping results are available passed all three platforms. The genotyping data for the 10,043 samples from 9,354 participants that passed the Affymetrix criteria were additionally checked for sex consistency and consistency with family structure, resulting in genotyping data for 9,274 participants in FHS SHARe. Genotype calls were made with the BRLMM algorithm. The National Center for Biotechnology Information database of Genotypes and Phenotypes [5] houses the SHARe database containing all ~550,000 SNPs and extensive phenotype data. This genome-wide dense SNP scan and a subset of phenotypes from the FHS were the focus of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 16. These same genotypes were also used to simulate the phenotype data for GAW16 Problem 3 [6]. Recently, up to ~2.5 M imputed SNPs have been added to dbGaP, but these genotypes were not available for the GAW16. Data for Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 The FHS data sets for Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 include pedigree, genotype, and phenotype data. The phenotypic data provide information on those participants who have consented to anyone's use, including those at for-profit and not-for-profit institutions. The pedigree file contains all biologically related participants in the FHS and is not limited to the 7,230 participants with full consent. A total of 7,130 participants have phenotype data: 373 Original Cohort, 2,760 Offspring Cohort, and 3,997 Generation 3 participants. No phenotypes were included from the 100 fully consenting non-offspring spouses. Of the 7,230 consenting participants, 6,979 are members of pedigrees and 251 are unrelated. Overall, there are a total of 6,848 participants who are genotyped, including 6,621 in pedigrees and 227 unrelated participants. There are 766 pedigrees with 2 to 301 genotyped participants: 134 pedigrees with 2, 123 with 3, 98 with 4, 85 with 5, 177 with 6 to 10, 72 with 11 to 15, 30 with 16 to 20, and 47 with more than 20. We selected data from a subset of examinations for Genetic Analysis Workshop 16: Exams 1 (1948-1953), 4 (1954-1958), 7 (1960-1964), and 11 (1968-1971) for the Original Cohort; Exams 1 (1971-1975), 3 (1983-1987), 5 (1991-1995), and 7 (1998-2001) for the Offspring Cohort; and Exam 1 for the Generation 3 Cohort. We chose these exams so that data from FHS participants of approximately the same age from the three cohorts were considered. Only one exam had been completed for Generation 3 and so only data from one exam were available for these participants. Age, sex, and descriptive statistics for these participants are provided in Table 1. Note that Original Cohort participants with data included only the select few who survived ~40 years to have DNA collected and to provide consent for the SHARe project. Table 1. Age and sex of Framingham Heart Study participants for GAW16 by cohort and exam Genotype data sets contained ~550,000 genotypes for each participant. We cleaned genotype data for familial relationships. We evaluated whether the genotypes of participants were consistent with their reported familial relationships. We used PREST [7] and sib-kin from Aspex [8] to perform this analysis within families [9]. Additionally, we checked for unknown (cryptic) first-degree relationships between families using PLINK [10,11]. In some cases, we altered familial relationships as a result. Such errors could occur from unknown familial relationships or sample mix-up. Cleaning at this stage could result in all genotypes of some individuals being deleted. The genotype data set included legacy DNA samples, which were of poorer quality with a higher rate of missing genotypes. Files with allele intensities and confidence scores for each marker and .cel files were also available at dbGaP [5]. The family structure file, defining the pedigree structures, was provided. This file also included indicators for which cohort a participant belongs to and whether the participant is genotyped or phenotyped. There were 8,732 participants in this file who have been genotyped. However, only data for those participants who consented to general use (both for-profit and not-for-profit) were available to GAW16. Participants with phenotype data who are not in the family file were not members of families and were biologically unrelated to one another. Three phenotype files are provided: 1) Original Cohort participants, 2) Offspring Cohort participants, 3) Generation 3 Cohort participants. These files provide information on demographics (sex and age), height, weight, traditional risk factors for coronary heart disease (blood pressure and hypertension, diabetes and blood glucose, smoking, alcohol, and lipid levels), and on incident coronary heart disease and age at onset. Also included are age at onset of diabetes, age at death, and age at last contact. These participants were followed up for events through 2006. List of abbreviations used CVD: Cardiovascular disease; FHS: Framingham Heart Study; GAW16: Genetic Analysis Workshop 16; NHLBI: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Acknowledgements This research was supported by NHLBI contract 2 N01-HC-25195-06. We, the authors of this manuscript, have put these phenotypic and genotypic data together along with the family structures from the SHARe data for the Genetic Analysis Workshop 16. We are only a few of the many investigators within the Framingham Heart Study who have collected and analyzed these data. We hereby salute those individuals who have contributed an enormous amount of time and dedication to the Framingham Heart Study. More importantly, we acknowledge the invaluable time, patience, and dedication of the participants in the Study, who have energetically come to clinic exams for so many years. It is their resolute enthusiasm and commitment that have made the Framingham Heart Study possible. The Genetic Analysis Workshops are supported by the NIH grant R01 GM031575 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. This article has been published as part of BMC Proceedings Volume 3 Supplement 7, 2009: Genetic Analysis Workshop 16. The full contents of the supplement are available online at http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/3?issue=S7. References 1. Dawber T: The Framingham Study: The Epidemiology of Atherosclerotic Disease. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; 1980. 2. Splansky GL, Corey D, Yang Q, Atwood LD, Cupples LA, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB Sr, Fox CS, Larson MG, Murabito JM, O'Donnell CJ, Vasan RS, Wolf PA, Levy D: The third generation cohort of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study: design, recruitment, and initial examination. Am J Epidemiol 2007, 165:1328-1335. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text 3. Framingham Heart Study [http://www.framinghamheartstudy.org/] webcite 4. Cupples LA, Arruda HT, Benjamin EJ, D'Agostino RB Sr, Demissie S, DeStefano AL, Dupuis J, Falls KM, Fox CS, Gottlieb DJ, Govindaraju DR, Guo CY, Heard-Costa NL, Hwang SJ, Kathiresan S, Kiel DP, Laramie JM, Larson MG, Levy D, Liu CY, Lunetta KL, Mailman MD, Manning AK, Meigs JB, Murabito JM, Newton-Cheh C, O'Connor GT, O'Donnell CJ, Pandey M, Seshadri S, Vasan RS, Wang ZY, Wilk JB, Wolf PA, Yang Q, Atwood LD: The Framingham Heart Study 100 K SNP genome-wide association study resource: overview of 17 phenotype working group reports. BMC Med Genet 2007, 8(suppl 1):S1. PubMed Abstract \| BioMed Central Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 5. dbGAP: Genotypes and Phenotypes. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gap] webcite 6. Kraja AT, Culverhouse R, Daw EW, Wu J, Van Brunt A, Province MA, Borecki IB: The Genetic Analysis Workshop 16 Problem 3: simulation of heritable longitudinal cardiovascular phenotypes based on actual genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the Framingham Heart Study. BMC Proc 2009, 3(suppl 7):S4. PubMed Abstract \| BioMed Central Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 7. PREST documentation [http://galton.uchicago.edu/~mcpeek/software/prest/] webcite 8. The ASPEX package: affected sib-pair exclusion mapping [http://aspex.sourceforge.net/] webcite 9. McPeek MS, Sun L: Statistical tests for detection of misspecified relationships by use of genome-screen data. Am J Hum Genet 2000, 66:1076-1094. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 10. Purcell S, Neale B, Todd-Brown K, Thomas L, Ferreira MA, Bender D, Maller J, Sklar P, de Bakker PI, Daly MJ, Sham PC: PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses. Am J Hum Genet 2007, 81:559-575. PubMed Abstract \| Publisher Full Text \| PubMed Central Full Text 11. Plink...whole genome association analysis toolset [http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/~purcell/plink/] webcite	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:52:56.000Z	xwynskxwxyklcsjytwdkvszpo7e4awah	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35397", "uncompressed_offset": 296329606, "url": "www.bizsugar.com/RaisingCapital/looking_beyond_the_sba_for_small_business_loans/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.bizsugar.com/RaisingCapital/looking_beyond_the_sba_for_small_business_loans/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Looking beyond the SBA for small business loans Posted by readwacker under Raising Capital From http://www.allbusiness.com 1561 days ago Made Hot by: on February 9, 2009 10:12 pm There are a variety of financing programs available to help your business grow. While the Small Business Administration (SBA) is the main resource for small business owners, it is not the only one. Each state has a Small Business Development Center (SBDC) to provide management assistance to current and prospective small business owners. If you are looking to start or expand a small business, contact your local SBDC to see if they can help you. Subscribe Hesham Zebida: Working at "Working Together" If you had to choose one job description for our latest BizSugar Contributor of the Week, Hesham Zebida, that job … More Editor's Picks See if you're one of our Top 10 Members this week! Shazam! Meet Contributor of the Week Paul Cox...Congrats, Paul! Got small business blog posts? Register and submit them today! Add BizSugar buttons and plugins to your small biz toolkit!	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:34:37.000Z	ucfohzyy7begoketbi23wuftwt7jpapx	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35407", "uncompressed_offset": 340534922, "url": "www.crummy.com/writing/postcards/1984/19840430.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/writing/postcards/1984/19840430.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Roy's Postcards: 1984/04/30 Inscription: My dear Susanna, I am busy with the conference here, but I found this special postcard for you. I love you. Daddy Postcard back: THE FLOWER OF HIS EYE Ever the gentleman, Mickey pauses with Minnie at the Main Street Flower Market to present her with this gift from the heart. Leonard's comments: I got briefly obsessed with why Susanna got a stamp with a flower on it when I always got Sinclair Lewis, but I looked back at some other postcards and we all got Sinclair Lewis most of the time. Dad must have been out of postcard stamps, so this time he used a regular postage stamp. Of course these days a postcard stamp is 20 cents, amirite? It's funny because I don't adjust for inflation! See also: disneyland susanna This document (source) is part of Crummy, the webspace of Leonard Richardson (contact information). It was last modified on Wednesday, May 15 2013, 13:00:10 Nowhere Standard Time and last built on Saturday, May 18 2013, 08:00:02 Nowhere Standard Time. Crummy is © 1996-2013 Leonard Richardson. Unless otherwise noted, all text licensed under a Creative Commons License. Document tree: http://www.crummy.com/ writing/ postcards/ 1984/ 19840430.html Site Search:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:48:48.000Z	y7ifvmbqkibxdoochpl5dfcwxfgr7w6k	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35411", "uncompressed_offset": 370276150, "url": "www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/no/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/no/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Personal tools Sign up now! Get notifications on new reports and products. Currently we have 55551 subscribers. Frequency: 3-4 emails / month. Follow us Twitter Facebook YouTube channel RSS Feeds Notifications archive Write to us For the public: For media and journalists: Contact EEA staff Contact the web team FAQ Call us Reception: Phone: (+45) 33 36 71 00 Fax: (+45) 33 36 71 99 next previous items Skip to content. \| Skip to navigation Sound and independent information on the environment Norway Country profile - Distinguishing factors (Norway) more info Organisation name Climate and Pollution Agency Reporting country Norway Organisation website Organisation website Contact link Contact link Last updated Jan 03, 2011 Content license CC By 2.5 Content provider Kingdom of Norway (Kongeriket Norge) Mainland Norway, Svalbard and Jan Mayen Population: 4 908100 (01 January 2010) Population density: 12/km2 as a national average, ranging from close to 3900 /km2 in city centres, to close to 1500/km2 in cities and villages and 3/km2 in the rest of the country. System of government: Constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy Member of: UN, NATO, the Council of Europe, the European Economic Area Agreement (EEA) and the Nordic Council. Norway has a long rugged coastline which stretches over 2.500 km, broken by fjords and thousands of islands. Norway is also a mountainous country with many glaciers and some of the highest waterfalls in the world. The mountains draw Arctic terrestrial species all the way from the north to the southern part of the country. Country profile: read more Browse by topic Search European Environment Agency (EEA) Kongens Nytorv 6 1050 Copenhagen K Denmark Phone: +45 3336 7100	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:38:30.000Z	dmlmhkzhwxzl3rtu6hekfxsfbvg54r4t	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35412", "uncompressed_offset": 381350108, "url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?diff=889160&oldid=803274&title=International_Genealogical_Index", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=International_Genealogical_Index&diff=889160&oldid=803274" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	International Genealogical Index From FamilySearch Wiki (Difference between revisions) (Further prepare for the demise of the IGI. Add link to "Life After the IGI.") m (moved International Genealogical Index (IGI) to International Genealogical Index over redirect: rename page, removing abbreviation - this is addressed in article and also as a redirect) Revision as of 17:23, 31 January 2012 Contents Historical Background The International Genealogical Index was a family history computer file that listed several hundred million names of deceased persons from throughout the world. For each deceased individual, the index also listed vital information from a single event, such as birth or marriage. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints compiled the index and made it available free to the public. Some of the information in the index was extracted from collections of vital and church records from the early 1500s to 1885. Extracted records are valuable sources of primary information. Strict rules against duplication from extracted records unfortunately resulted in the exclusion of some records. Some of the information in the index was submitted by members of the Church about their ancestors. Loose rules for member submissions made duplicate records and inconsistent information common. The information is secondary and should be considered suspect. Always verify member submitted information against sources of primary information. IGI Replacement The latest FamilySearch.org website separates extracted records from member submissions so users will not confuse the two. Member submissions were moved into the new FamilySearch tree and can be searched together with other user submissions. Extracted records were separated into historical record collections according to geography. These records can be searched separately or together with other indexed collections. While typically undesirable, it is still possible to search by batch number. See "New IGI Batch Number Search" a 24 May 2011 article on FamilySearch.org. Further Reading Ancestry Insider Blog Series Old Versions of the IGI The IGI is no longer available online so the following articles have little application. They are listed here because they are still applicable to the IGI as published on fiche and CD-ROM.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:36:08.000Z	6aheaxon6dmjapakcnthpeubdx5yn7lb	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35413", "uncompressed_offset": 381362765, "url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?hideliu=1&target=Ogle_County%2C_Illinois&title=Special%3ARecentChangesLinked", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/index.php?title=Special:RecentChangesLinked&hideliu=1&target=Ogle_County%2C_Illinois" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Changes related to "Ogle County, Illinois" From FamilySearch Wiki This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold. Recent changes options Show last 50 \| 100 \| 250 \| 500 changes in last 1 \| 3 \| 7 \| 14 \| 30 days Hide minor edits \| Show bots \| Hide anonymous users \| Show logged-in users \| Hide my edits Show new changes starting from 08:36, 18 May 2013 Page name: No changes on linked pages during the given period. New to the Research Wiki? In the FamilySearch Research Wiki, you can learn how to do genealogical research or share your knowledge with others. Learn More	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:42:07.000Z	smwinlafn63c6hyf23d4nvuipj27aqmy	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35423", "uncompressed_offset": 449172903, "url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?44686" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Bibliography: Olders You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed. Title: Olders Author: Ursula K. Le Guin Year: 1995 Type: SHORTFICTION Storylen: shortstory ISFDB Record Number: 44686 User Rating: This title has fewer than 5 votes. VOTE Current Tags: honorable mention dozois years best (1) Add Tags Awards: Publications: Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff. ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:03:19.000Z	mqdlehhpifr6jwqecufwe7l5byxclf52	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35434", "uncompressed_offset": 492776193, "url": "www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/6/10/825", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/6/10/825" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Molecules 2001, 6(10), 825-830; doi:10.3390/61000825 Article A Convenient Method to Prepare Labile FMN Derivatives Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 30 September 2001 / Accepted: 10 October 2001 / Published: 31 October 2001 Download PDF Full-Text [30 KB, uploaded 6 October 2008 11:52 CEST] Abstract: A simple method for selective phosphorylation of ribityl containing starting materials to afford FMN derivatives is presented. The method is in particular valuable for the synthesis of labile FMN derivatives. Keywords: selective phosphorylation; 2- thio-FMN; 3; 4-dihydro-FMN Article Statistics Click here to load and display the download statistics. Cite This Article MDPI and ACS Style Müller, F.; Lee, J. A Convenient Method to Prepare Labile FMN Derivatives. Molecules 2001, 6, 825-830. AMA Style Müller F, Lee J. A Convenient Method to Prepare Labile FMN Derivatives. Molecules. 2001; 6(10):825-830. Chicago/Turabian Style Müller, Franz; Lee, John. 2001. "A Convenient Method to Prepare Labile FMN Derivatives." Molecules 6, no. 10: 825-830. Molecules EISSN 1420-3049 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:48:42.000Z	2epfjogamm7lg6hjzgeffau4h4srut6i	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35439", "uncompressed_offset": 513568370, "url": "www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/7/1/562/abstract", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.nanoscalereslett.com/content/7/1/562/abstract" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Nano Express Valence band offset of β-Ga2O3/wurtzite GaN heterostructure measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Wei Wei1, Zhixin Qin1*, Shunfei Fan1, Zhiwei Li2, Kai Shi2, Qinsheng Zhu2 and Guoyi Zhang1 Author Affiliations 1 State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Microscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People's Republic of China 2 Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 912, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China For all author emails, please log on. Nanoscale Research Letters 2012, 7:562 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-7-562 Published: 10 October 2012 Abstract A sample of the β-Ga2O3/wurtzite GaN heterostructure has been grown by dry thermal oxidation of GaN on a sapphire substrate. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the β-Ga2O3 layer was formed epitaxially on GaN. The valence band offset of the β-Ga2O3/wurtzite GaN heterostructure is measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It is demonstrated that the valence band of the β-Ga2O3/GaN structure is 1.40 ± 0.08 eV. Keywords: β-Ga2O3/wurtzite GaN heterostructure; Band offset; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T03:06:52.000Z	mmcka2sj4xxjz33ukzvqoouk4hrmtnem	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35443", "uncompressed_offset": 545501265, "url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0031.tlg001.perseus-grc1%3A5.48", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0031.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.48" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Click on a word to bring up parses, dictionary entries, and frequency statistics This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system. load focus English (Rainbow Missions, Inc., Rainbow Missions, Inc.; revision of the American Standard Version of 1901) load focus Latin (Saint Jerome, Bible Foundation and On-Line Book Initiative) hide References (2 total) • Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page (2): load Vocabulary Tool hideData/Identifiers Citation URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0031.tlg001.perseus-grc1:5.48 Document URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0031.tlg001.perseus-grc1 hide Display Preferences Greek Display: Arabic Display: View by Default: Browse Bar:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T06:46:37.000Z	5jfygf6rmxtfpjex6v5ufvy7v7m6bpan	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35444", "uncompressed_offset": 545530206, "url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn%3Acts%3AgreekLit%3Atlg0059.tlg034.perseus-eng1%3A2.671a", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg034.perseus-eng1:2.671a" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	[671a] to enable them to determine what is first, what second in order of nobility; otherwise none of them will ever succeed in attracting the young to virtue by his incantations. The primary intention of our argument, which was to demonstrate that our defence of the Dionysiac chorus was justifiable, has now been carried out to the best of our ability. Let us consider if that is really so. Such a gathering inevitably tends, as the drinking proceeds, to grow ever more and more uproarious; and in the case of the present day gatherings that is, as we said at the outset, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system. load focus Greek (1903) hide Places (automatically extracted) View a map of the most frequently mentioned places in this document. Visualize the most frequently mentioned Pleiades ancient places in this text. Download Pleiades ancient places geospacial dataset for this text. hideData/Identifiers Citation URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg034.perseus-eng1:2.671a Document URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0059.tlg034.perseus-eng1 hide Display Preferences Greek Display: Arabic Display: View by Default: Browse Bar:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:40:06.000Z	fchotkisxeqei6becokel4wgqw6c2bwh	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35451", "uncompressed_offset": 591645554, "url": "www.seroundtable.com/archives/012955.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.seroundtable.com/archives/012955.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Is There Any Benefit to Google Checkout Badges? Apr 2, 2007 • 7:01 am \| (4) by \| Filed Under Other Google Topics A Search Engine Watch forums thread asks whether there is any benefit to using Google Checkout Badges (i.e. . He writes: I signed up and put Google checkout badges on my ppc ads recently. I can't yet tell if they are helping or hurting however. My click through rate is up, but I made some ad changes at the same time. My suspicion is that people are clicking on them because they are new and want to find out what the program is about. So I'm worried that I'm paying for Google to advertise their service. Our very own Barry reponds with his own experience: I reviewed one quick thing with a client that added this feature recently. It does not show a significant increase in conversions. However, I do see an increase in click-throughs from the ad to the site since adding the Google Checkout icon to the AdWords listings. So more exposure but same conversion rates. Another member says: I think some are clicking because they wonder what Google checkout is. But I also think some of those clicks are offset by the fact that I'm getting clicks from lower positions. Your ads with Google badges in position 5-8 stands out nearly as much as the ones in position 2-4. That's my humble opinion. So on the backside, I'm able to reduce some of my bids while getting the same clickthrough rates as before. So I think it equals out. I think I'm getting more clicks from the curious, but they cost me less overall. I don't have a good handle on it yet. Will keep everyone informed. What behavior do you see? Contribute to the thread at Search Engine Watch Forums. Added by Barry: I would love to see feedback on these Google Checkout icons and how they have helped or not helped increase sales and traffic. Please comment or join the thread. Previous story: Google's Mobile Search Does Not Distinguish Between Mobile and Non-Mobile Results blog comments powered by Disqus	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:49:53.000Z	i7tmkkouhdufztmj32nesg5eroj6pg4t	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35452", "uncompressed_offset": 591670233, "url": "www.seroundtable.com/google-safesearch-lock-broke-13006.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:11.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:4117eb98-5ec3-4b08-b4b5-8a4a335a86fe>", "warc_url": "http://www.seroundtable.com/google-safesearch-lock-broke-13006.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Google's Safe Search Feature Gets Unlocked Feb 24, 2011 • 8:52 am \| (8) by \| Filed Under Google Search Engine In November 2009, Google began allowing you to set your browser to a permanent (cookie specific) SafeSearch lock for your images search results. So if you never want adult related images to show up in Google Images, you would set that computer to be locked on SafeSearch. But last Friday the feature stopped working. A Google Web Search Help thread has reports of the lock, well, not locking. Users trying to lock the SafeSearch filter found themselves back to not being on SafeSearch when using Google Images. Google admitted to the issue yesterday and reportedly fixed it. 'TomBee' from Google said: There have been some problems with this feature in the last couple of days. I have just tried it and seems to be working now. Sorry for any inconvenience! For more details on locking SafeSearch, see this document. Forum discussion at Google Web Search Help. Previous story: Cyclic Redirects Causing SEO Issues blog comments powered by Disqus	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:39:37.000Z	b24m7yhmrpunymvdilxgl5n2vnqze5gr	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35502", "uncompressed_offset": 52996577, "url": "daviswiki.org/Hedy_Lane", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://daviswiki.org/Hedy_Lane" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Hedy Lane Info Map Search: Hedy Lane is one of the streets in the Royal Oaks mobile home park. Intersecting Streets This page is in need of a Photo. To add an image to this page, click "Edit" then click the "Files" button. This is a Wiki Spot wiki. Wiki Spot is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization that helps communities collaborate via wikis.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:04:48.000Z	qtoewk5qz6zgyw54coqhjcjghtyd7bwm	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35513", "uncompressed_offset": 69439665, "url": "elinux.org/index.php?direction=prev&oldid=42025&title=OpenLink", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=OpenLink&direction=prev&oldid=42025" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	OpenLink From eLinux.org Revision as of 23:05, 11 April 2011 by Luca (Talk \| contribs) Jump to: navigation, search The OpenLink™ community provides open, comprehensive access to Texas Instruments' connectivity technology drivers. As a one-stop-shop for resources, support, product information and more, this community provides a centralized location to make connectivity-related designs more efficient, timely and distinctive.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:32:50.000Z	t2oxbhuo6lsmlri57p55qoenodjsr2s4	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35514", "uncompressed_offset": 69446924, "url": "elinux.org/index.php?direction=prev&oldid=141830&title=RPi_MySQL", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=RPi_MySQL&direction=prev&oldid=141830" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	RPi MySQL From eLinux.org Revision as of 14:37, 29 May 2012 by GG Crew (Talk \| contribs) Jump to: navigation, search Contents Installing MySQL on Raspberry Pi This is a guide to install MySQL Community Edition (aka "MySQL") on the Raspberry Pi computer running Debian "squeeze". MySQL is comprised of two distinct components: • MySQL Server • The program that actually stores and processes the data. There is generally no way to interact with the data stored in the database server without using an external client or library. • MySQL Client • A program or library that connects to an existing MySQL database server. This is considered a "front end" to the database - a way for the user to send and retrieve data from the database server. The guide has been developed/tested using debian6-19-04-2012. Depending on how you choose to install Ruby, there may not be enough room on a standard 2Gb image. This is especially true if you've already installed anything else. Learn how to expand your image here or here. Installing MySQL Server From The Debian Repository Commands # Install MySQL Server from the Debian repository sudo apt-get install mysql-server The package manager may suggest a slew of dependencies for MySQL Server. Press "Y" then "enter" (or just "enter") to continue installation. The MySQL installation process will prompt for a password for the MySQL root user account. You can enter a password, or press "enter" to skip the password step - it is your choice. It is poor security to have a blank password if you will be running the MySQL Server on a shared network, but shouldn't matter if you are only using the system for development. The installation process will prompt you two additional times for a MySQL root password. Continue entering the same password (or skipping it) as you did at the first prompt. The MySQL Client is installed as part of the standard MySQL Server package from the Debian repository. You do not need to install additional software to start using MySQL. Testing Your Installation # Verify the MySQL Client was installed mysql --version # Connect to the MySQL Server on localhost mysql --user=root --password=password Installing MySQL Client From The Debian Repository The MySQL Client is a "front end" to an existing database; it does not install the MySQL Server. The MySQL Client can be used to connect to MySQL Server databases across a network. It provides a text-based interface to a MySQL Server, and requires a basic understanding of standard SQL commands. (ie SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT, and DELETE). Commands # Install MySQL Client from the Debian repository sudo apt-get install mysql-client The package manager may suggest a slew of dependencies for MySQL Client. Press "Y" then "enter" (or just "enter") to continue installation. Testing Your Installation The following instructions make these assumptions: • You have an existing MySQL Server, whether on localhost or elsewhere across the network • The existing MySQL Server "listens for" (accepts) network connections (disabled on a default installation of MySQL Server) • The MySQL Server has either: • Allowed "root" login over a network connection (disabled on a default installation of MySQL Server), or • A MySQL user account for you Testing Your Installation # Verify the MySQL Client was installed mysql --version # Connect to a remote MySQL Server (assumes the server allows root access from a remote computer) mysql --host=server_address --user=root --password=password # Connect to a remote MySQL Server (assumes the server has already created your user account) mysql --host=server_address --user=user_name --password=password	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:40:31.000Z	fk3cenweqnogte3u4cvxet4zxbvbezoa	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35518", "uncompressed_offset": 73794869, "url": "eunis.eea.europa.eu/habitats/1216", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/habitats/1216" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Skip to content. Skip to navigation Sign up now! Get notifications on new reports and products. Currently we have 32837 subscribers. Frequency: 3-4 emails / month. Follow us Twitter Facebook YouTube channel RSS Feeds Notifications archive Write to us For the public: For media and journalists: Enquiry web form Contact EEA staff Contact the web team Call us Reception: Phone: (+45) 33 36 71 00 Fax: (+45) 33 36 71 99 EEA Inner range montane [Picea] forests Document Actions English name Inner range montane spruce forests EUNIS habitat type code G3.1C Level 4 Edition EUNIS Habitat Classification 2012 - a revision of the habitat classification descriptions. Description ( English ) [Picea abies] forests of the montane level of the inner Alps, characteristic of regions climatically unfavourable to both beech and fir. Analogous [Picea abies] forests of the montane and collinar levels of the inner basin of the Slovakian Carpathians subjected to a climate of high continentality. Source Devillers, P., Devillers-Terschuren, J. and Vander Linden, C. [edited ETC/BD] (2001) External links Relationships with other classifications Classification Code Title Relation type EUNIS Habitat Classification 200410 G3.1C Inner range montane [Picea] forests same EUNIS Habitat Classification 200308 G3.1C Inner range montane [Picea] forests same EUNIS Habitat Classification 200202 G3.1C Inner range montane [Picea] forests same EUNIS Habitat Classification 199910 G3.1C Inner range montane [Picea] forests same EUNIS Habitat Classification 199811 G3.1C Inner range montane [Picea] forests same EUNIS Habitat Classification 199712 G3.22 Inner range montane spruce forests same Palaearctic Habitat Classification 200112 42.22 Inner Carpatho-Alpine montane spruce forests source Palaearctic Habitat Classification 199905 42.22 Inner Carpatho-Alpine montane spruce forests same Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1997 42.22 Inner range montane spruce forests same Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1996 42.22 same Palaearctic Habitat Classification 1993 42.22 same CORINE Biotopes Classification 1991 42.22 same CORINE Biotopes Classification 1989 42.22 same CORINE Land Cover 3.1.2. Coniferous forest n/a BEAR Forest Types for Biodiversity Assessment 08 Mixed spruce and fir forest wider Milieux Naturels de Suisse 1998 6.6.2 Pessière wider G Woodland, forest and other wooded land Ancestor G3 Coniferous woodland Ancestor G3.1 [Abies] and [Picea] woodland Parent EUNIS General information User operations European Environment Agency, Kongens Nytorv 6, DK - 1050 Copenhagen K, Denmark - Phone: +45 3336 7100 The European Environment Agency (EEA) is an agency of the European Union. Comments to EEA Web Team. Code and API for developers, Legal notice, Disclaimer, Privacy policy This site conforms to the following standards:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:47.000Z	e3bgryjbz3je2uxxxlkpbieepn44alfu	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35537", "uncompressed_offset": 92658788, "url": "globalvoicesonline.org/2011/03/07/bahrain-the-one-dinar-protest/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://globalvoicesonline.org/2011/03/07/bahrain-the-one-dinar-protest/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	GlobalVoices in Learn more » Bahrain: The One Dinar Protest This post also available in: Italiano · Bahrain: Il dinaro del Primo Ministro বাংলা · বাহরাইন: এক দিনারের প্রতিবাদ Español · Bahréin: La protesta de un dinar This post is part of our special coverage of Bahrain Protests 2011. Protesters in Bahrain are gathering outside the Bahrain Financial Harbour (BFH), waving one Bahraini dinar (worth US$ 2.6) notes and chanting for the overthrow of the government. The protest comes days after Shaikh Ali Salman, the head of the opposition Wefaq society, presented a purchase agreement which shows that Bahrain's Prime Minister Shaikh Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa bought the land the BFH was built on for one dinar, at a rally held in Pearl (Lulu) Roundabout, the epicentre of anti-government protests since February 14, 2011. Protests calling for wide ranging political, economic and social changes in Bahrain follow hot on the heels of similar movements across the Arab world, where people shook off decades of fear and oppression and took to the streets to make their voices heard. After an initial clampdown on the protests, which saw seven Bahrainis killed by police and army forces, Bahrain extended an olive branch to protesters, opening a chapter of National Dialogue led by Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, who promised an end to government violence and called all the stake-holders to the negotiation table. A small cabinet reshuffle followed, as well as a promise of 20,000 new jobs, in the country where unemployment figures vary, depending on which source you try to get your figures from. Following are reactions from the protests outside the BFH today: @TruthWitness: Privileges of royal family: #Bahrain PM bought Financial Harbour district for 1dinar ($2.65) #change #feb14 #lulu http://twitpic.com/46s4gq @anmarek: Protester reading document proving that PM bought land of financial harbour for 1BD #bahrain #feb14 http://twitpic.com/474l32 @anmarek: Protesters near financial harbour holding a big note of 1BD having PM pic on it! #bahrain #feb14 http://twitpic.com/474g7y @anmarek: Protesters raising 1BD notes and chanting “financial harbour for 1BD only!” #bahrain #feb14 #lulu http://twitpic.com/474k3e @mahmood: Joining the throngs just passing the BD1 BFH. Protestors demand the dismissal of the government. http://t.co/Aqhpklj @mahmood: Announcer: for BD1 BD1! http://t.co/FSldC5D @anmarek: 10 coins of 100 fils LOL did Khalifa pay the 1BD in 10 installments of 0.100 BD?? #bahrain #feb14 http://twitpic.com/474mds @RedhaHaji: #BFH #bahrain #feb14 More ppl seem to b heading to BFH now.Traffic police directing traffic.All Calm http://yfrog.com/gz66ywmj @Redbelt: Pic update of #BFH. I can hear them chanting at the 10th floor! http://plixi.com/p/82270251 @RedhaHaji: Ppl still heading to #BFH #bahrain #feb14 http://yfrog.com/h4iyvuij @anmarek: Big tent near financial harbour #bahrain #feb14 #lulu http://twitpic.com/474kji @fredwillie460: #bahrain #BFH latest pic choas poor traffic policeman – this many people holding a nation to ransom – http://twitpic.com/474n16 @fredwillie460: #bahrain #bfh taken around 4 pm no more baby tents but people walking up from pearl roundabout enjoying an afterno http://twitpic.com/474fu5 @fredwillie460: http://twitpic.com/473y3o – #BAHRAIN #BFH at numbers at 3pm for comparison @chanadbh: This ‘BD1 for the BFH’ Prime Minister scandal has become quite a hilarious meme: http://plixi.com/p/81992756 (from yest) #bahrain #feb14 @chanadbh: The BD1 story isn't even the major issue. The real question is why is a serving govt official allowed to buy so much commercial property? @MunaFakhroo: So.. What's the point of all of this? #bahrain @Almalood: Dear protesters please find a bigger area to take over & camp. We will soon join you as we will all be jobless #Bahrain #Lulu #Fateh #Feb 14 @yasminofbahrain: I don't blame the cattle who are mocking PM about the BD1 story, I blame Ali Salman for bringing out false info to a stupid crowd. #bahrain @yasminofbahrain: To all ppl on twitter making a joke out of themselves about the BD1 story, watch out. Ur accusations r false and you'll regret it. #bahrain Meanwhile, the government Bahrain News Agency carried an article today praising the achievements brought by the PM to Bahrain, since becoming Prime Minister in 1971. It adds: Regarding the Bahrain Financial Harbour, the spokesman said that the issue had been studied by the ministerial committee in tandem with the parliamentary probe committee in charge of state properties. “The transaction has been sealed via the pricing committee in accordance with legal procedures”, he said. “Any party questioning the legal procedures may resort to courts for justice be done”, the spokesman. This post is part of our special coverage of Bahrain Protests 2011. World regions Countries Languages	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:33:49.000Z	ztdjpv5rvpmwqtjxnpovql2ddysts6tj	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35583", "uncompressed_offset": 168871554, "url": "panarmenian.net/eng/news/103235/Muslim_woman_to_go_to_jail_in_Britain_for_letting_her_newborn_die", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://panarmenian.net/eng/news/103235/Muslim_woman_to_go_to_jail_in_Britain_for_letting_her_newborn_die" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Muslim woman to go to jail in Britain for letting her newborn die PanARMENIAN.Net - A mother who gave birth to a baby girl in 'secret' following an affair, let her newborn die before burying its body in the ground, Daily Mail reports. Fatima Ali, from Bury, Greater Manchester, feared she would bring shame upon her devout Muslim family for having the child out of wedlock. And after giving birth to the infant - alone her bedroom, she cut the umbilical chord and left it to die. Last week at Bolton Crown Court Ali burst into tears as she was given a 26-week prison sentence, suspended for two years, and subjected to a twelve month supervision order. “The tragedy that followed is at the immense disaster for this child. She died within two hours of her birth, and, had you acted appropriately, her life could have been saved,” the judge said. Partner news Top stories Earlier, ArmRosgasprom CJSC addressed Armenia’s Public Services Regulatory Commission with an offer to reconsider natural gas price. Armenian defense ministry’s spokesman described the maneuvers as ordinary exercises conducted several times a year. Participants will learn basic skills in protecting IT systems and data as well as how to investigate computer-facilitated crimes. “I wish to further promote the beauty of Armenian art and its principles of tolerance and respect to diversity,” Mnatsakanyan said. Partner news	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:29:32.000Z	zvpwyut2wmtukgh23si2kbsa3tt6hmhq	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35597", "uncompressed_offset": 181460928, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/11560/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/11560/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotation added by staff Why not add this quote to your bookmarks? The best-dressed woman is one whose clothes wouldn't look too strange in the country. Amies, Sir Hardy This quote is about dress · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation. A bit about Amies, Sir Hardy ... We don't have a biography. These people bookmarked this quote: More on the author This quote around the web Loading... Search Quotations Book	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:32:21.000Z	zxqwefwd4h7aoalwfcb7r7ygv4i63iib	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35598", "uncompressed_offset": 181467039, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/6632/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/6632/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotation added by staff Why not add this quote to your bookmarks? Christianity provides a unified answer for the whole of life. Schaeffer, Francis This quote is about christians and christianity · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation. A bit about Schaeffer, Francis ... Francis A Schaeffer (January 30, 1912 May 15, 1984), an American Christian theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor, is most famous for his writings and his establishment of the l'Abri community in Switzerland. Opposed to theological modernism, Schaeffer promoted an orthodox Protestant faith and a presuppositional approach to Christian apologetics, which he believed would answer the questions of the age. These people bookmarked this quote: • Nobody has bookmarked this quote yet. More on the author This quote around the web Loading... Search Quotations Book	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:13:22.000Z	cmdlr5f5gphxl2rwhh5rrf727tfysgdm	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35599", "uncompressed_offset": 181478511, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/35987/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/35987/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do. Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote Human service is the highest form of self-interest for the person who serves. Hubbard, Elbert Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ... Choose something popular ... Make a custom wrapped canvas ... Make custom holiday cards ... Make custom t-shirts ... Make custom holiday gifts for boys ... Make custom holiday gifts for girls ... Make custom holiday gifts for men ... A selection of more great products and gifts! 212 - The Extra Degree The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212° Click here to buy this »	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:42:02.000Z	76cnzojq5inwpv7qc5fnsjjt4ksgbpac	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35600", "uncompressed_offset": 181484001, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/7223/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/7223/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do. Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote The best prophet is common sense, our native wit. Euripides Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ... Choose something popular ... Make a custom wrapped canvas ... Make custom holiday cards ... Make custom t-shirts ... Make custom holiday gifts for boys ... Make custom holiday gifts for girls ... Make custom holiday gifts for men ... A selection of more great products and gifts! 212 - The Extra Degree The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212° Click here to buy this »	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:34:13.000Z	wnvgekfasoo4anuymvfc4zkmqupjcewt	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35620", "uncompressed_offset": 218776428, "url": "talk.maemo.org/showthread.php?t=30553", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://talk.maemo.org/showthread.php?t=30553" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Posts: 32 \| Thanked: 6 times \| Joined on Aug 2007 #1 Hello, I have an applet from where I can launch an application of my own. I am able to send messages from applet to the application during launch. In the same way i want to send message to the applet on demand. What is the actual process to do that. I think it is not the usual process as normal application. If any body knows the way it would be very helpful for me. Sarower Thread Tools Search this Thread Search this Thread: Advanced Search Forum Jump All times are GMT -4. The time now is 04:34 AM.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:44:36.000Z	oqpe52w54gazf4zitxkug5eghzm3ujx5	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35632", "uncompressed_offset": 231439904, "url": "tushnet.blogspot.com/2012/12/ipo-pto-day-new-gtlds-and-you.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://tushnet.blogspot.com/2012/12/ipo-pto-day-new-gtlds-and-you.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Tuesday, December 11, 2012 IPO PTO Day: the new gTLDs and you Intellectual Property Owners Education Foundation PTO Day The New gTLD Launch Moderator: Wendy Larson, Pirkey Barber PLLC Mark Partridge, Partridge IP Law P.C.: ICANN approved only a few new gTLDs like .biz and .xxx, but longstanding plan to open up domain name space, detailed in 2008. ICANN is a nonprofit corporation; operates as a multi-stakeholder model as a point of pride. New application process is very detailed and expensive—1930 applications, $185,000 filing fee; 1409 unique strings; 1179 applications contested, 751 contested across 230 strings (751 people seeking 230 names). About 34% were .brand: .google, .prudential. Also generics, .app, .book, etc. Top applicants: Donuts Inc., a domain name seller; Google and Amazon. Possible uses—security (.chase) or sold like traditional domain names. What we expect is final evaluation by June 2013; contract negotiations in second quarter, maybe some sunrise launches. Third quarter: likely to come online with landrush. Lisa Ulrich, IBM: IBM applied for .ibm. Early warnings of problems (.bible) already issued; clarifying questions are likely for everyone, and have issued for geographic names review panel. Will have a prioritization draw next week: a lottery ticket. Late Dec.: string similarity review results will be posted. 2013: remaining clarifying questions; background screening; initial evaluation results published in order of priority draw; objection period ends March 13, 2013. Early warnings: 242 issued for reasons including religion, consumer protection, strings related to regulated markets (e.g., financial), geographic questions. When the proposed string is controversial or raises national sensitivities. Public may be able to object, including a TM owner, until March 13. Other rights protection measures: TM clearinghouse to police TMs—provides notice to potential registrants and TM owners than an applied-for second level domain is identical to a TM in the clearinghouse. Would allow sunrise registrations—Microsoft could register microsoft.software early, or get notified if someone else did apply for that. New Uniform Rapid Suspension procedure: clear and convincing evidence that domain name is idnetical or confusingly ismilar to a TM in use, with no legitimate right or interest in the domain name, and used in bad faith; if complainant is successful, registry operator suspend domain name and name servers are redirected to informational page about URS. Post delegation dispute resolution policy, PDDRP: TM owners can file a dispute against registry operation in connection with first or second level names; must prove by clear and convincing evidence that registry operator takes unfair advantage, impairs character or reputation of the mark. Thick Whois as another protection. Recommendations: monitor the published new applications; submit at least your most important marks to the TM clearinghouse for second-level domains—apply for second level domain. Partridge: even if you didn’t apply, now is the time to consider your strategy. Will you want defensive registrations? Applications for .sucks: how will your company feel about mycompany.sucks? If that’s concerning, time to think about defensive registration in that space, meaning you need the TM clearinghouse. Also figure out your dispute strategy: UDRP, URS, ACPA. Susan Anthony, USPTO: Do we know how many applications were filed by brand owners who don’t intend to run a real registry? Partridge: No; they all say they have some real intent, but some companies thought they needed to file now even if they didn’t know what they were going to do, since we don’t know when a second round would open up. Two applications by the same company for the same domain—why? One is closed (they’re the only one who gets it) and the other community-based (which gets priority in processing). Larson: how many applications are closed? David Roache-Turner, WIPO: about 500 are expected to be open, 900 closed. 84 noncommercial community; 60 different countries represented, some in non-latinate script. Along with objections discussed above, a couple of others. Good old UDRP, of course, will apply to all gTLDs. UDRP continues to burble along; most complainants win (90%), but three-member panel decisions are substantially more likely to result in a denial (only 55% agree with complaint). Legal Rights Objections: give brand owners opportunity to object to gTLD applications that conflicted with its rights—requires either registered or unregistered TMs. Independent panel would determine whether potential use would be likely to infringe by (1) taking unfair advantage of the distinctive character or reputation of the mark; (2) unjustifiably impairs distinctive character or reputation; or (3) otherwise causes likely confusion. Factors for consideration include similarity, public recognition, applicant’s knowledge, applicant’s rights in the string (such as preexisting TM rights), etc. Costs $10,000 to file one, and $10,000 to file a response; the successful party can get a partial refund. Partridge: UDRP is effective/efficient, so why something else? The concern was that there are a high level of defaults. Multiple opportunities with new gTLDs for large numbers of cybersquatters—led to proposal for quicker, cheaper basis than UDRP, which is designed for an inter-party dispute with both sides participating. (This explanation seems to contradict itself.) The procedure did morph and get more complicated as it developed; its effectiveness remains to be seen. Roache-Turner: 70% UDRP defaults. By the time URS came out of ICANN, made no provision from differentiating in procedure or substance from a default and a non-default, and that’s a problem. We’ve been urging ICANN to look at ways to simplify the process; more complicated than UDRP and delivers a less effective remedy. Larson: UDRP default doesn’t mean complainant inherently wins; URS rules seem to be different. Roache-Turner: Under URS, it’s the UDRP rule. Under LRO, default = complainant wins. Partridge: LRO involves a respondent who has the means to defend rights if it wanted to; paid $185,000 filing fee, after all. Anthony: The internet is not broken. Governance has been misused; we are talking about administration and management. Roache-Turner: ICANN is the worst possible place to manage the internet except for the alternatives. Anthony: also counsels against us v. them attitude: we are all ICANN. ICANN is often in the untenable position of having to offer advice after a policy or activity has truly matured, and then we look like naysayers. Australia has filed the most early warnings; there is no requirement that a government do so, but it’s still a good idea so that the applicant can talk to the government. Consider the reason we did this in the first place: people wanted new gTLDs because they thought there were insufficient spaces. We need to educate people so that they can take best advantage of the new spaces. Governmental Advisory Committee advice. The early warning system exists; governments can also file objections; then there’s GAC. We’re concerned about improving the timeline in which the GAC is brought into the policy issues. Doesn’t know what will ultimately happen, but Board will have to explain itself if it rejects GAC advice. What protection should we grant to certain organizations at first and second levels? Long and checkered history with Olympics, Red Cross, then IGOs. GAC said the first two should get special protection, then recently came up with a solution to the IGO issue; .int would be a good way forward to explore what IGOs should be entitled to first and second level protection. ICANN initiated a policy development process; TM holders hate that because it’s lengthy and we may lose at the end of the day, but it’s designed to ensure all voices are heard. A working group has been initiated. GAC is asking why they think there needs to be a PDP. Should there be a reserved list of protected entities? Hon. David Kappos, Director, USPTO Many patent statistics; TM filing rates are up over the past few years. Praises the performance on quality metrics. “Exceptional Office Action”—measuring fraction of cases that don’t just meet all legal requirements but are actually perfect/comprehensive in quality of first Office action serach, evidence, writing, and decision making: FY 2012 target of 20%, results of 26.1%. Trying to process all TM applications electronically—over 75% paperless (not just applications but the whole process). Kappos also touted the US’s role in putting together a norm (treaty) for exceptions/limitations for the visually impaired—though the US is also leading in opposing non-text exceptions/limitations, which he didn’t mention—and in promoting a performers’ rights treaty and protection for broadcast signals (the justification for which no one has ever been able to explain to me).	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:59:18.000Z	k44skdph5nzvfnw3w6zvj2lzrdjdz7wp	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35650", "uncompressed_offset": 246076202, "url": "wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Costing_Migration_Process", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Costing_Migration_Process" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	View source \| Discuss this page \| Page history \| Printable version Costing Migration Process This article is protected against manual editing because it is automatically generated from Openbravo meta-data. Learn more about writing and translating such documents. Back to Warehouse Management Contents Introduction The costing migration process initializes the new costing engine. This process creates a costing rule which uses the "Average" costing algorithm for each legal entity of the instance. The costing migration process is done in three steps: 1st step: this process generates the closing and the opening balances of the inventory per each organization and warehouse with stocked products. The opening inventory balances are left in draft status therefore can be reviewed and the unit costs set are based on the "legacy" costs. 2nd step: the user can review the opening inventories to set up the proper stock and cost if needed. Once done the opening inventories can be processed. 3rd step: the migration process is launched once again to validate all the costing rules set once all the opening inventories have been processed. When the process is finished it is recommended to schedule the "Costing Background" process to automatically calculate the cost of all material transactions. Migration Process The costing migration process is needed for instances that need to upgrade from maintenance packs earlier than MP13 which uses the "legacy" costing engine. It is recommend to migrate these instances to the new costing engine as it includes several improvements over the old (legacy) one. This process has to be executed with the System Administrator role and migrates the costs of all the Clients of the instance. First step During this first step: To calculate the costs all products included in a material transaction must have a cost defined in the Costing tab of the product window. That is the cost used by the "legacy" costing engine. A validation is executed during this first phase to check that. In case there is at least one material transaction whose cost cannot be calculated the process terminates with an error message. The validation creates a new alert rule that is "Products with transactions without available cost on date" per each material transaction found without a cost. The way to fix that is described below: Alternatively, if it is not desired to setup costs for the products it is possible to deactivate the alert rule. This action will ignore these material transactions and will assign a zero cost to them. Be aware that this option might cause inaccuracies in the calculated unit cost of the opening and closing balances as this cost is calculated summing up all the material transactions costs of each product. Second step During the first step the inventories balances are created leaving the "Opening" balances in draft status (unprocessed) therefore the calculated unit cost and the stock can be reviewed. To access and review the balances it is possible to go to the Initialization tab of the "Costing Rule" window logged with the Client Administrator Role. Notice that this review needs to be done for each Costing Rule of each Client. The balances are created as Physical Inventories in the physical inventory windows, and can be opened from the Initialization tab of the "Costing Rule" window. It is also possible to review them in the Physical Inventory window, filtering by its name. All of them have the same name: Ensure that the Organization and the Warehouse are shown to differentiate them. Third step This step finishes the process. This step checks that the "Opening" balances are processed, therefore if there is an unprocessed opening balance an error message is shown. Once the migration process is finished all the "Costing Rules" are set as "Validated" and a "Cost_Eng_Ins_Migrated" preference is created at System level to indicate that the instance has been migrated. This process also updates role access to some processes and reports that have been updated to use the new costing engine. Those are: Note that this process only updates the roles that are managed manually. Finally the alert rule created in the first step ("Products with transactions without available cost on date") is deleted as it is no longer needed. Instances not using costing Openbravo instances do not using the "legacy" costing engine do not need to migrate to the new costing engine but just to create the desire Costing Rules per each legal entity and start using the new costing engine. In this scenario the Starting Date set in the costing rule is very important as it defines which transactions are going to be cost calculated. A blank starting date means that the cost of all the existing transactions will be calculated. For instance, let's take an instance running since 2009 for which it is required to calculate transactions costs starting from 2012. In that case the Starting Date of the costing rule should be set to January 1st, 2012. Back to Warehouse Management Retrieved from "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Costing_Migration_Process" This page has been accessed 1,252 times. This page was last modified on 21 December 2012, at 11:23. Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Spain License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:35:06.000Z	thdvvok2h6ho7nbt5myijwrcfluvcakn	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35655", "uncompressed_offset": 256206877, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/2f762f95845417aeca25706c00834efa/8F1F383829EF039FCA2570EC001B2FC4", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/2f762f95845417aeca25706c00834efa/8F1F383829EF039FCA2570EC001B2FC4?opendocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 4102.0 - Australian Social Trends, 1997 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 19/06/1997 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product Contents >> Crime & Justice >> Violent Crime: Murder & manslaughter Crime and Justice: Murder and Manslaughter In 1995, there were 321 cases of murder in Australia, an average of about one a day. The incidence of violent crime in the community is an issue of continuing social concern. This is particularly so in cases of murder and manslaughter, which typically receive a great deal of public attention. Not only does this attention focus on the circumstances of the events and the characteristics of the perpetrators and their victims, but also on possible underlying factors that may have given rise to those events. In recent years, community attention has turned to those killings caused by firearms. A firearm was used in one in five cases of murder or manslaughter in 1995. In the wake of the Port Arthur massacre of 35 people by a lone gunman in April 1996, legislation has been put in place to control the ownership and use of certain classes of firearms. Although they may figure highly in the public perception of crime, murders and manslaughters made up just 0.3% of recorded violent crime in 1995, and only 0.3% of all deaths. There were 321 police-recorded cases of murder in Australia in 1995, or about one a day, on average. This was an increase from 288 in 1994 and 300 in 1993. Manslaughter remained fairly constant over the three-year period, with 30 recorded cases in 1995, 32 in 1994 and 37 in 1993. There were a further 301 cases of attempted murder in 1995, down from 334 in 1994 and 369 in 1993. These figures should be treated with caution, however, as it is difficult in some cases to distinguish between attempted murder and other crimes, such as assault. The chance of being a victim of murder in 1995 in Australia was 18 in a million. Even when the 30 manslaughter victims in 1995 were included, the chance increased to only 20 in a million. As would be expected, the greatest number of murder/manslaughter deaths recorded by police in 1995 occurred in the most populous States: New South Wales (111), Queensland (68) and Victoria (67). However, the highest rates, when averaged over the three years from 1993 to 1995, were found in the Northern Territory (97 per million people) and Western Australia (27 per million). VICTIMS OF MURDER/MANSLAUGHTER, 1995 Source: Causes of Death (unpublished data). Trends The numbers and rates of recorded murder and manslaughter deaths fluctuate considerably from year to year, partly because they are rare events, and partly because they can be influenced by unusual occurrences such as multiple killings. (The peaks in the number of deaths in recent years are not, however, totally accounted for by multiple murders.) Because of these fluctuations, annual changes have little meaning. To overcome problems caused by such wide variations, trends can be more readily viewed by presenting each yearly figure as an average over the three-year period (using the previous and the following year in each case). Using these smoothed figures, it is apparent that murder/manslaughter death rates have tended to rise, from a low of around 11 per million during the World War II years to a peak of 22 per million in 1989. Since then, it has fallen slightly to 19 per million in 1994. MURDER/MANSLAUGHTER DEATH RATES(a)(b) (a) Rates per one million people. Rates for each year are given as the average over the three-year period using the two adjacent years. (b) Figures for murder/manslaughter deaths for Indigenous people were not recorded prior to 1967. Source: Causes of Death (unpublished data). International comparisons Australia's murder/manslaughter death rate in 1995 was comparable with those observed in Canada and New Zealand. The United States of America had a murder/manslaughter rate four times higher than Australia, while Germany, and England and Wales had lower rates. The proportion of murders/manslaughters through the use of firearms in Australia was less than half that of the United States of America, but two to three times that of England and Wales. MURDER/MANSLAUGHTER RATES(a), 1995 Murder/manslaughter Selected countries rate(a) USA(b) 8.2 Canada 2.0 Australia 2.0 New Zealand 1.8 England and Wales 1.4 Germany 1.5 (a) Rate per 100,000 of the population. (b) The USA figure only includes murder and non-negligent manslaughter. Source: Australian Institute of Criminology (unpublished data). Profile of victims Victims of murder/manslaughter were more often male (three out of five in 1995) than female, and most were aged in their early to mid adult years. In particular, victims were more likely to be never married men aged under 45 years. This group made up half of all male victims and almost one third of all victims. Victim/offender relationship Contrary to the stereotypical murder committed by a stranger in a park or dark alley, most victims know their murderers and most deaths occur in private homes. Based on available police recorded data, about three out of five murderers were known to their victims and over half (55%) of these were family members. Information from the Australian Institute of Criminology for the period 1989-93 showed that, for those murder and manslaughter offenders whose sex was recorded, about 90% were male.1 The most common site for committing a murder was a residential location (66%), followed by open space (8%) and street/footpath (7%). Manner of death In 1995, most murders/manslaughters were committed using a knife or similar instrument (33%), a firearm (20%) or a blunt or thrown object (13%). The use of a knife or similar weapon was the most common method used to kill both men (37%) and women (26%), followed by a firearm (23%) for men and hanging or strangulation, or a blunt or thrown object (each 18%) for women. A further 16% of women were murdered with a firearm. MANNER OF MURDER/MANSLAUGHTER, 1995 Source: Causes of Death (unpublished data). Deaths due to firearms Despite some large annual fluctuations, murders and manslaughters involving the use of firearms have generally declined in significance over the last decade. Using three-year averages because of the small numbers involved, the rate of firearm killings per million people fell from 6.8 in 1985 to 4.0 in 1994. The decline over the last decade follows a slow but steady increase in murder/manslaughter death rates attributed to firearms for most of the post-war period. In proportionate terms, murder and manslaughter deaths by firearms have generally decreased from 32% of all murder/manslaughters in 1985 to 20% in 1995. A number of homicide incidents in Australia have involved multiple killings1. A multiple killing is defined as any incident where two or more people are murdered. There have been 24 recorded multiple killings from the use of firearms between 1987 and April 1996, resulting in a total of 128 deaths. However, there is no evidence from the annual data to support any belief that either the frequency or the number of deaths from such incidences has been on the increase over the last decade. MULTIPLE KILLINGS(a) BY FIREARM Incidents Deaths Year no. no. 1987 6 32 1988 1 3 1989 3 7 1990 4 11 1991 2 10 1992 5 20 1993 1 3 1994 0 0 1995 0 0 1996(b) 2 42 Total 24 128 (a) Excludes any related suicides. (b) Up to and including 28 April. Source: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1996, Violent Deaths and Firearms in Australia: Data and Trends. Endnotes 1 Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) 1996, Violent Deaths and Firearms in Australia: Data and Trends, AIC, Canberra. Previous PageNext Page © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:04:31.000Z	ht5xe347r3uxkpxdn2lm4rbbusy74byz	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35656", "uncompressed_offset": 256229740, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/3959DDB4D5A0F4A9CA257099008314D5", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/3959DDB4D5A0F4A9CA257099008314D5?OpenDocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 8752.6 - Building Activity, Tasmania, Sep 2000 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 01/02/2001 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release ABOUT THIS RELEASE Presents number of dwelling units and value of residential buildings (new houses and new other residential); value of alterations and additions to residential buildings and value of non-residential building by class of building (e.g. hotels, offices, etc.), for private and public sectors; stage of construction (commenced, under construction, completed); value of work done during the reference period, and value of work yet to be done. Seasonally adjusted series show number of dwelling units commenced and completed and value of work done. Also includes value of work commenced and work done in chain volume measures, with the reference year being the year prior to the latest complete financial year. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:37:45.000Z	b3sisl3qzexdtq5zp63brg35slke643u	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35657", "uncompressed_offset": 256236764, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ViewContent?Action=Expand&Num=4.2.3&view=MicrodatabyTopic", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ViewContent?readform&view=MicrodatabyTopic&Action=Expand&Num=4.2.3" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > Microdata by Topic > Crime and Justice Microdata by Topic Drugs Information Paper: Crime and Safety, Expanded CURF, Australia, 2002 (cat no. 4509.0.55.001) Microdata: Crime and Safety, Expanded CURF, Australia, 2005 (cat no. 4509.0.55.002) Microdata: Mental Health and Wellbeing of Adults, Basic CURF, Western Australia, 1997 (cat no. 4326.5.30.001) Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey, Expanded CURF, 2008 (cat no. 4720.0.55.001) Microdata: Women's Safety Survey, Basic CURF, Australia, 1996 (cat no. 4128.0.15.001) Technical Manual: Crime and Safety, Expanded CURF, Australia, 2005 (cat no. 4509.0.55.003) Technical Manual: National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Confidentialised Unit Record Files, 2007 (cat no. 4326.0.30.002) User Manual: ABS Remote Access Data Laboratory (RADL), Mar 2006 (cat no. 1406.0.55.002) User Manual: Responsible Use of ABS CURFs, Sep 2009 (cat no. 1406.0.55.003) © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:33:14.000Z	ye6sn5oq47p7sbgtqmvhnz4zr2b4cdz4	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35670", "uncompressed_offset": 345963359, "url": "www.crummy.com/2000/12/18/0", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.crummy.com/2000/12/18/0" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	< Previous Next > : The site was down for a while but now it's back. I have not yet heard from VA-Dan about the cause of the downage. Celeste wanted me to post something, so here it is. Hi, Celeste! [Main] [Edit] Unless otherwise noted, all content licensed by Leonard Richardson under a Creative Commons License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:10.000Z	nnvgb5kmlmffaggryh5bgajhtxeb3woo	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35671", "uncompressed_offset": 347710211, "url": "www.cvillepedia.org/mediawiki/index.php/Salvation_Army", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.cvillepedia.org/mediawiki/index.php/Salvation_Army" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Salvation Army From Cvillepedia Jump to: navigation, search The Charlottesville Salvation Army is a church, located at the intersection of Ridge Street and Monticello Avenue, that offers a variety of social services to the community. Thrift stores operate in the city on Cherry Avenue and in the County on Airport Road. The Center of Hope offers transitional housing to the homeless and a daily soup kitchen.[1] Other services include a Homeless Intervention Program, child care services, emergency food assistance, medical assistance, and clothing donations.[2] External Links References 1. Center of Hope 2. Social Services Personal tools Namespaces Variants Actions Navigation Toolbox MAKE A GIFT	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:35:24.000Z	qphfadthdlbi5fkwxi7mpma7lt7szjvh	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35677", "uncompressed_offset": 374011610, "url": "www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/ireland-on-the-move", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/ireland-on-the-move" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Personal tools Sign up now! Get notifications on new reports and products. Currently we have 55575 subscribers. Frequency: 3-4 emails / month. Follow us Twitter Facebook YouTube channel RSS Feeds Notifications archive Write to us For the public: For media and journalists: Contact EEA staff Contact the web team FAQ Call us Reception: Phone: (+45) 33 36 71 00 Fax: (+45) 33 36 71 99 next previous items Skip to content. \| Skip to navigation Sound and independent information on the environment You are here: Home / Data and maps / Maps and graphs / Ireland on the move Ireland on the move Created : Nov 12, 2009 Published : Jan 01, 2002 Last modified : Nov 29, 2012 11:40 AM Topics: , Includes passenger-km from cars, trains, buses and aircraft Download European data Metadata Additional information Data cover 21 EEA member countries. Norway, Romania, Malta, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Cyprus, Bulgaria and Estonia are not included due to lack of data. Data have been derived from various, non-harmonised, sources and are only roughly accurate. In the figure, German data are for 1991 and 2002, and Turkish data are for 1992 and 2002. Filed under: , European Environment Agency (EEA) Kongens Nytorv 6 1050 Copenhagen K Denmark Phone: +45 3336 7100	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:35.000Z	zkepstkxcpdgwffvmqlx5hqr7vliveii	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35700", "uncompressed_offset": 497151181, "url": "www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/15/11/7792", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/15/11/7792" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Molecules 2010, 15(11), 7792-7814; doi:10.3390/molecules15117792 Review Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents 1 Department of Biological Sciences and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA 2 Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 15 October 2010 / Accepted: 20 October 2010 / Published: 3 November 2010 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuroprotective Strategies) Download PDF Full-Text [1781 KB, uploaded 3 November 2010 10:18 CET] Abstract: A variety of antioxidant compounds derived from natural products (nutraceuticals) have demonstrated neuroprotective activity in either in vitro or in vivo models of neuronal cell death or neurodegeneration, respectively. These natural antioxidants fall into several distinct groups based on their chemical structures: (1) flavonoid polyphenols like epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea and quercetin from apples; (2) non-flavonoid polyphenols such as curcumin from tumeric and resveratrol from grapes; (3) phenolic acids or phenolic diterpenes such as rosmarinic acid or carnosic acid, respectively, both from rosemary; and (4) organosulfur compounds including the isothiocyanate, L-sulforaphane, from broccoli and the thiosulfonate allicin, from garlic. All of these compounds are generally considered to be antioxidants. They may be classified this way either because they directly scavenge free radicals or they indirectly increase endogenous cellular antioxidant defenses, for example, via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor pathway. Alternative mechanisms of action have also been suggested for the neuroprotective effects of these compounds such as modulation of signal transduction cascades or effects on gene expression. Here, we review the literature pertaining to these various classes of nutraceutical antioxidants and discuss their potential therapeutic value in neurodegenerative diseases. Keywords: natural products; oxidative stress; neurodegeneration; neuronal apoptosis; reactive oxygen species Article Statistics Click here to load and display the download statistics. Cite This Article MDPI and ACS Style Kelsey, N.A.; Wilkins, H.M.; Linseman, D.A. Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents. Molecules 2010, 15, 7792-7814. AMA Style Kelsey NA, Wilkins HM, Linseman DA. Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents. Molecules. 2010; 15(11):7792-7814. Chicago/Turabian Style Kelsey, Natalie A.; Wilkins, Heather M.; Linseman, Daniel A. 2010. "Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Novel Neuroprotective Agents." Molecules 15, no. 11: 7792-7814. Molecules EISSN 1420-3049 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:33:28.000Z	vh57gh7e2yci2kk2f7z7ef44f2o2ccuo	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35701", "uncompressed_offset": 497796572, "url": "www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/2/3/585", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/2/3/585" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Membranes 2012, 2(3), 585-664; doi:10.3390/membranes2030585 Review A Review of RedOx Cycling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode 1 Design & Materials Unit (UDM), University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais), Sion 1950, Switzerland 2 Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy (CIME), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland 3 Industrial Energy Systems Laboratory (LENI), EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 14 June 2012; in revised form: 16 July 2012 / Accepted: 17 July 2012 / Published: 31 August 2012 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Membranes for Electrochemical Energy Applications) Download PDF Full-Text [6038 KB, uploaded 31 August 2012 10:34 CEST] Abstract: Solid oxide fuel cells are able to convert fuels, including hydrocarbons, to electricity with an unbeatable efficiency even for small systems. One of the main limitations for long-term utilization is the reduction-oxidation cycling (RedOx cycles) of the nickel-based anodes. This paper will review the effects and parameters influencing RedOx cycles of the Ni-ceramic anode. Second, solutions for RedOx instability are reviewed in the patent and open scientific literature. The solutions are described from the point of view of the system, stack design, cell design, new materials and microstructure optimization. Finally, a brief synthesis on RedOx cycling of Ni-based anode supports for standard and optimized microstructures is depicted. Keywords: SOFC anode; RedOx cycle; nickel reduction and oxidation; reoxidation instability; solid oxide fuel cell durability Article Statistics Click here to load and display the download statistics. Cite This Article MDPI and ACS Style Faes, A.; Hessler-Wyser, A.; Zryd, A.; Van herle, J. A Review of RedOx Cycling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode. Membranes 2012, 2, 585-664. AMA Style Faes A, Hessler-Wyser A, Zryd A, Van herle J. A Review of RedOx Cycling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode. Membranes. 2012; 2(3):585-664. Chicago/Turabian Style Faes, Antonin; Hessler-Wyser, Aïcha; Zryd, Amédée; Van herle, Jan. 2012. "A Review of RedOx Cycling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Anode." Membranes 2, no. 3: 585-664. Membranes EISSN 2077-0375 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:49:25.000Z	3c5qaeqcbpddab3t2g5aiyzbadtdwiaa	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35707", "uncompressed_offset": 537640657, "url": "www.ohloh.net/p/freepascal/contributors/14323715981502", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.ohloh.net/p/freepascal/contributors/14323715981502" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Activity Not Available Contributors : Marc Weustink Analyzed 5 months ago based on code collected 5 months ago. Activity on Free Pascal Compiler by Marc Weustink (see full profile for Marc Weustink) All-time Commits: 9 12-Month Commits: 0 30-Day Commits: 0 Overall Kudo Rank: First Commit: 13-Jul-2006 Last Commit: 16-Mar-2009 Names in SCM: marc, marc, marc Commit history: Recent Kudos... ... for Free Pascal Compiler given by: dangermouse debose Piotr Domanski Project Commits Approximately one year of commit activity shown Project Languages Language Aggregate Coding Time Total Commits Total Lines Changed Comment Ratio Pascal 5m 9 1,624 15.2% Copyright © 2013 Black Duck Software, Inc. and its contributors, Some Rights Reserved. Unless otherwise marked, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License . Ohloh ® and the Ohloh logo are trademarks of Black Duck Software, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:51:59.000Z	dbasttbiue3pbefgvfyrcsvpkr5dkgsz	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35735", "uncompressed_offset": 685243563, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Hanson,_Plymouth,_Massachusetts,_United_States", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Hanson,_Plymouth,_Massachusetts,_United_States" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Place:Hanson, Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States Watchers NameHanson Alt namesNorth Hansonsource: USGS, GNIS Digital Gazetteer (1994) GNIS25006430 TypeTown Coordinates42.067°N 70.867°W Located inPlymouth, Massachusetts, United States Contained Places Cemetery Fern Hill Cemetery ( 1820 - ) source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names source: Family History Library Catalog the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Hanson is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 10,209 at the 2010 census. History the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Hanson was first settled in 1632 as the western parish of Pembroke. The town was officially incorporated in 1820, and was named for Maryland newspaper publisher and U.S. Senator Alexander Contee Hanson. The town's early industry revolved around farming, as well as bog iron and quarrying. Mills also popped up along the rivers during the nineteenth century. Today the town is mostly residential, with some farming and cranberry farming. Ocean Spray was first started by several bogs in Hanson. Research Tips • Outstanding guide to Hanson family history and genealogy resources (FamilySearch Research Wiki). Birth, marriage, and death records, town histories, city directories, cemeteries, churches, newspapers, libraries, and historical societies. This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Hanson (town), Massachusetts. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:51.000Z	cfxjs77nxenvjt55pwnvkopet7i2a3sj	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35736", "uncompressed_offset": 685250501, "url": "www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Redondo_Beach,_Los_Angeles,_California,_United_States", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:55.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:c8eb8bc6-7bed-4851-bbc2-fb8eeccae1d5>", "warc_url": "http://www.werelate.org/wiki/Place:Redondo_Beach,_Los_Angeles,_California,_United_States" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Place:Redondo Beach, Los Angeles, California, United States Watchers NameRedondo Beach TypeInhabited place Coordinates33.833°N 118.383°W Located inLos Angeles, California, United States (1800 - ) Contained Places Cemetery Pacific Crest Cemetery source: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names source: Family History Library Catalog the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia Redondo Beach is one of the three Beach Cities located in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 66,748 at the 2010 census, up from 63,261 at the 2000 census. The city is located in the South Bay region of the greater Los Angeles area. Redondo Beach was originally part of the 1785 Rancho San Pedro Spanish land grant that later became the South Redondo area. The city's territory has an unusual shape including an area along the beach (South Redondo Beach) and another strip inland from Manhattan Beach and Hermosa Beach (North Redondo Beach). The primary attractions include Municipal Pier and the sandy beach, popular with tourists and a variety of sports enthusiasts. The western terminus of the Metro Rail Green Line is in North Redondo Beach. Research Tips This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Redondo Beach, California. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:29.000Z	4e7ybmmhfffjgvgq4yqfw4zyemttwyxk	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35743", "uncompressed_offset": 2754566, "url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/41711467F2D7C9D1CA2570AF0026E7EF", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/ProductsbyReleaseDate/41711467F2D7C9D1CA2570AF0026E7EF?OpenDocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 1307.1 - Economic Indicators, New South Wales, Jul 2001 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 16/07/2001 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release ABOUT THIS RELEASE An up-to-date overview of economic trends in New South Wales. Key economic trends are highlighted in overview and main features section at the front of the publication, followed by detailed tables and graphs. The key monthly economic indicators included are: employment, unemployment, new motor vehicle registrations, building approvals, retail sales, finance and international trade. Also includes the quarterly indicators: tourism, private new fixed capital expenditure, production of electricity and gas and estimated resident population. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:32:27.000Z	swbn3whwlgrplpe6gj3pbwhop2ocb66h	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35744", "uncompressed_offset": 2761599, "url": "abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/02784DB6D0983464CA2574E4000DDFD2", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/02784DB6D0983464CA2574E4000DDFD2?opendocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 5206.0 - Australian National Accounts: National Income and Expenditure, Dec 1988 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 03/04/1989 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release Continued by: Australian National Accounts: National Income, Expenditure and Product; Continues: Quarterly Estimates of National Income and Expenditure, Australia Supplement issued as: Australian National Accounts: Historical Estimates (Cat number 5207.0) This publication has been scanned from the paper version using character recognition software. This provides a full-text searching capability once downloaded. © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:19:31.000Z	tw4gmwovoes6yt44ajaq6nc4dec3phul	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35764", "uncompressed_offset": 25290826, "url": "blog.okfn.org/2012/11/12/members-of-the-public-asked-to-help-tend-feynmans-flowers/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://blog.okfn.org/2012/11/12/members-of-the-public-asked-to-help-tend-feynmans-flowers/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Support Us Members of the public asked to help tend Feynman’s Flowers A project at the London Centre for Nanotechnology (LCN) is making fantastic use of the Pybossa tool (a project of the Open Knowledge Foundation and the Citizen Cyberscience Centre) in a citizen science project called ‘Feynman’s Flowers’, which launched this weekend. The project asks members of the public to help unlock the secrets of magnetism at the molecular scale, and is powered by our free, open-source, platform for creating and running crowd-sourcing applications that utilise online assistance in performing tasks that require human cognition. From their press release: The project’s website invites volunteers from across the world to analyse microscope images of individual molecules, which have characteristic flower shapes. Anyone can take part, and only a few clicks of the computer mouse are required to collect valuable information. The Feynman’s Flowers project will allow volunteers to measure the position of a molecule in relation to a metal surface to help scientists understand how this can affect the molecule’s properties. Data that volunteers produce will contribute to a research project run by the group of Dr. Cyrus Hirjibehedin at the LCN, in collaboration with Tsinghua University in Beijing and the Citizen Cyberscience Centre. Currently, the research project is focused on exploring the behaviour of phthalocyanine molecules. In the past, these were used as dyes for fabrics, but scientists now realise that they also have interesting electronic and magnetic properties that make them potentially useful for creating nanoscale devices that can manipulate or store information. This website is the first project of its kind in this area of physics, applying the power of crowd-sourcing to help understand images created by a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). Operating at temperatures close to absolute zero (-273˚C), the STM allows scientists to image individual atoms and molecules on surfaces and to explore their fascinating magnetic and electronic properties. Public participation will allow for the analysis of data in ways that previously would not have been possible. Find out more on the UCL website – and get involved here! Get Updates	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:51:46.000Z	23md4eslnkyspijkdw3k7freveavmfci	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35787", "uncompressed_offset": 72323992, "url": "elinux.org/index.php?oldid=7325&title=DLNA_Summit_2008", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://elinux.org/index.php?title=DLNA_Summit_2008&oldid=7325" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	DLNA Summit 2008 From eLinux.org Revision as of 07:37, 13 October 2008 by Frank Scholz (Talk \| contribs) Jump to: navigation, search Contents Introduction The CE Linux Forum is hosting the second Open Source DLNA Summit, in Ede Netherlands, November 8 2008. This summit is co-located at the same venue as Embedded Linux Conference Europe. (Note that registration in Embedded Linux Conference is not required for attending the DLNA Summit) Purpose The primary purpose of this conference is to facilitate the meeting and sharing of information among several parties interested in open source implementations of the DLNA specifications. These includes open source developers, product developers who might use these implementations, representatives from the DLNA organization or from related companies (certification and testing labs), and from members of the CE Linux Forum who are interested in this work. We shall also be conducting a DLNA plug-fest during this summit. Particpants interested in the plugfest are invited to bring their DLNA devices to test for interoperability with other devices. This page has information about the summit. It will be updated as more information becomes available. The CE Linux Forum is interested in promoting and supporting work in this area, for eventual use in Linux-based CE products. It is hoped that by collaborating we can avoid duplication of effort, strengthen interoperability between implementations, and help accelerate the development of robust and feature-full solutions. During this summit we also want to gauge the interest level for holding such events in the future and discuss ideas for making them more productive. Overview • Location: Ede, Netherlands • Date: November 8 (Saturday), 2008 • Times: 10 am to 5 pm • Venue: This summit is co-located at the same venue as Embedded Linux Conference Europe. • Price: Free • Attendees: Attendance is by invitation. If you are interested in attending, please contact Rahul Saxena: rahul dot saxena at intel.com or Tim Bird: tim dot bird at am.sony.com Agenda List of possible presentation and discussion topics: • Specification Roadmap • Status of DLNA OSS Projects • Industry input on DLNA stack feature priorities and problem areas • CELF sponsorship and support of OSS projects, contract work etc • Open sourcing of DLNA stacks from CE companies • Ideas on collaboration: Code sharing, partitioning problem space etc • Certification Processes and Tools • Hardware availability: Development and Test hardware • DLNA Plug Fest • Share compliance experiences e.g. PS3 war stories • Future Summit discussion: Need for such a summit, agenda Ideas, mail lists, new invitees etc Short (up to 30 minutes) presentations on above or similar topics are welcome and encouraged. Though Pre-submission of presentations is not required, please inform Rahul Saxena (rahul dot saxena at intel.com) if you plan to present. Attendees Attendees: Attendance is by invitation. If you are interested in attending, please contact Rahul Saxena: rahul dot saxena at intel dot com List of Attendees (To be updated) Attendee Company Email Tim Bird CE Linux Forum Tim dot Bird (at) am dot Sony dot com Rahul Saxena Intel Rahul dot Saxena (at) Intel dot com Frank Scholz Beebits fs (at) beebits dot net Kiran Vaya Motorola Kiran dot Vaya (at) motorola dot com Philippe Normad Fluendo philippe (at) fluendo dot com Gustavo Sverzut Barbieri Profusion Embedded Systems barbieri (at) profusion dot mobi Christian Schaller Collabora christian dot schaller (at) collabora dot co dot uk Alexander Kanavin Nokia alexander dot kanavin (at) nokia dot com Venue/Hotel Information This summit is co-located at the same venue as Embedded Linux Conference Europe (ELCE). The summit will be located in: Hotel en Congrescentrum De Reehorst Bennekomseweg 24 6717 LM EDE 0318-75030 http://www.reehorst.nl Link to more resources More information about open source DLNA projects is available on the eLinux wiki at: http://eLinux.org/DLNA_Open_Source_Projects Link to 2007 DLNA Summit website: http://tree.celinuxforum.org/CelfPubWiki/DLNASummit	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:25.000Z	wtw7jvyf5sqf5x7mrkjbnq3roiqrrtaz	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35818", "uncompressed_offset": 121381933, "url": "kk.org/cooltools/ask/account/local/register/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://kk.org/cooltools/ask/account/local/register/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	login ask-a-question questions unanswered tags faq New user signup Please choose your screen name and confirm your email address. A valid email address is necessary to receive notifications about activity in the areas of this community you're most interested in, and will help you become an involved participant in this community. This account already exists, please use another. powered by OSQA	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:34.000Z	xa6xmqqvinh3y7xdgdem44querowlsr5	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35842", "uncompressed_offset": 160661273, "url": "occamstypewriter.org/boboh/2010/08/11/comments_on/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://occamstypewriter.org/boboh/2010/08/11/comments_on/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Comments On… There’s been rather a lot of meta-blogging recently, for a variety of reasons. So if you’ve had enough of that, here’s a blog you might like to read instead. The rest of you should be ready to be interactive, as this is about blog comments. A couple of weeks ago Dan Pollock (boss of nature.com) made this comment, about the policy policy of having to have an NN account before commenting on blogs: I think we all know that there are pros and cons between quantity and quality. Our thinking is that we really want to maintain the quality of the discussion, and avoid (as much as we can) some of the aggression that can plague open fora in science and elsewhere. I understand his concerns, but I don’t think the solution Nature Network is presently using (i.e. insisting on registration) is the best. And I think the larger issue of how one encourages good comment threads is interesting, so it’s worth spending a bit of time looking at. First, I don’t want to spend a great deal of space over what is a good comment thread: different peole want different things. I assume Nature Network wants intelligent discussion, as well as photos like this: Someone say something? What they (we) don’t want is the blogospheric equivalent to shouting matches to disturb our polite munching of watercress sandwiches. We also don’t want silence – that suggests we’re being ignored. Other bloggers prefer different tyles of commenting, which is fine: the blogosphere is big enough for everyone. But unless otherwise noted, assumebelow that “good quality comments” means “intelligent, thoughtful and polite comments”. My central thesis is that we don’t need to erect barriers to make commenting more difficult if we are to encourage the sorts of comments we want, there are better ways of doing it. But first let’s look at a couple of ways not to encourage high quality discussions. How not to run comments The first comes from the world of Intelligent Design. One of the premiere ID blogs is Uncommon Descent. They have a policy of tight moderation, which in practice is stricter towards opponents of ID. This means that anyone opposing ID has to be very careful: the slightest hint of incivility (e.g. explaining why a post writer is wrong) will result in moderation, or straight banning (often quietly, without letting anyone know). This has got to the point where, not only is there a bulletin board thread mocking Uncommon Descent, there is even a thread to record when people are banned. All a bit childish, really. The effect of this distinctly one-sided policy is to stifle the discussion. Anyone arguing against ID has to be very careful what they write. , Many good people, with expertise in mathematics and biology (the areas of science UD writes about) find themselves banned, so they can no longer take part in the discussions and educate other readers. The resulting comment threads can be a bit of a train-wreck: although the pro-ID commenters are generally ignorant of biology and science, they will still pontificating at great length without listening to the few anti-ID people currently not banned.I assume the moderators at UD like this the way it is, which is fair enough if that’s what they want, but it doesn’t encourage an even exchange of views and knowledge. Given the fractious relationship between the pro- and anti- ID crowds, I understand why they would want to moderate the discussion, but the one-sided nature makes it very difficult to get a substantive discussion. At the opposite extreme is PZed Myers’ Pharyngula. His policy on comments is pretty much anything goes: threats are bad, and being consistently obnoxious isn’t good either, but after that he’s happy for people to say what they want. The principle is one of free speech, but in practice things are a bit different. The commenters at Pharyngula – the pharynguloids – have a well deserved reputation for being aggressive towards anyone who doesn’t share their stance on hot button topics. Dare to suggest that one might want to take a moderate stance towards Christians and you’ll be shouted down or accused of concern trolling. The reaction of a lot of people towards this is that it’s not worth the hassle of commenting there. Thus, whatever the intention, the effect is to silence a significant group of people, people with a different viewpoint, and who aren’t aggressive enough to want to continue defending themselves from all comers. Just as at Uncommon Descent, the comment threads at Pharyngula feel too much like echo chambers. There are disagreements, but only within a small group. Again, if PZed likes it this way, fair enough. But it’s clearly not a model Nature Network wants to follow. How (hopefully) to have good comment threads So moderating can make comment threads worse, but a lack of moderation is bad too. What’s a blogger to do? Well, part of the problem with both UD and Pharyngula is that the bloggers themselves encourage a certain type of commenter. Uncommon Descent blogs about ID, and mainly attracts creationists. Their audience is mainly poorly educated in science (to be fair, about as poorly as I am in theology), and their primary interest is advancing a religious agenda. It perhaps makes sense that they don’t want too many scientists there, as the blog becomes a battleground between evolution and ID, rather than a place where pro-ID people can discuss their interests. Similarly, PZed’s audience is (now) mainly radical atheists, and both his posts and comment threads encourage that audience. But can we engineer comment threads that encourage thoughful debate, without raising high barriers? I think we can, and there are many blogs where this is done. To pick one example, Thorny C. write a blog about teh history of science called The Renaissance Mathematicus. He mainly posts historical snapshots, concentrating on the lesser known Renaissance scientists. The subject is rather obscure, and the posts generally more intellectual than many blogs. He has has a group of readers, but the discussions that ensue are generally polite and well-informed. Just the sort of comments I assume Nature Network wants to encourage. All this without a need to register. So how does Thorny C. do it? I think his strategy is to be himself, and to write posts that are engaging to a certain audience, without inflaming others. Both his subject and his writing style make this possible. I doubt he needs to moderate many comments (other than spam), because he creates an environment where the people who want to comment will be the sort of people he wants to comment – people who will discuss or joke, rather than throw brickbats at each other. I think Nature Network will be able to do the same thing (modulo the occasional outburst). They key is to have bloggers who encourage their readers to think about what has been written (but preferably writing shorter posts than this one), and perhaps who will steer away from more controversial topics, like ID. Someone in the last couple of days (and – my apologies – I forget who) observed that blogging networks are able to be selective about who they recruit, so that they can create the sort of group they want. I think this is how Nature Network can encourage high quality discussions without erecting barriers to commenting – by picking up bloggers that write thoughtfully about scientific topics (in a broad sense) without being inflammatory. The long-time bloggers here do that, and that there are many other science bloggers who could also. This doesn’t mean the network would be a small group based around British attitudes, it would be enough that bloggers respect other bloggers, and indeed their commenters. This still leaves a wide range of blogging styles and views available, so adiversity of opinion and voice can still be encouraged. Worth a try, eh? About rpg Scientist, poet, gadfly This entry was posted in Meta, Science Blogging. Bookmark the permalink.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:28:45.000Z	dokzbq5dkmyawkyuxnlzlts5frswrzsp	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35855", "uncompressed_offset": 180389691, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/26097/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/26097/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotation added by staff Why not add this quote to your bookmarks? Masculinity is not something given to you, but something you gain. And you gain it by winning small battles with honor. Mailer, Norman This quote is about men · Search on Google Books to find all references and sources for this quotation. A bit about Mailer, Norman ... We don't have a biography. These people bookmarked this quote: More on the author This quote around the web Loading... Search Quotations Book	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:32:38.000Z	amp4n4tkksq2rbzfj6vo2le4japnjcfv	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35857", "uncompressed_offset": 180407366, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/30992/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quote/gift/30992/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	It's easy! Just pick the product you like and click-through to buy it from trusted partners of Quotations Book. We hope you like these personalized gifts as much as we do. Make and then buy your OWN fantastic personalized gift from this quote When a man assumes a public trust he should consider himself a public property. Jefferson, Thomas Make a fabulous personalised bracelet or other form of jewellery with this quote Click the banner below to pick the kind of jewellery you'd like ... Choose something popular ... Make a custom wrapped canvas ... Make custom holiday cards ... Make custom t-shirts ... Make custom holiday gifts for boys ... Make custom holiday gifts for girls ... Make custom holiday gifts for men ... A selection of more great products and gifts! 212 - The Extra Degree The one extra degree makes the difference. This simple analogy reflects the ultimate definition of excellence. Because it's the one extra degree of effort, in business and life, that can separate the good from the great. This powerful book by S.L. Parker and Mac Anderson gives great examples, great quotes and great stories to illustrate the 212° concept. A warning - once you read it, it will be hard to forget. Your company will have a target for everything you do ... 212° Click here to buy this »	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:38:48.000Z	jwnh6kupqzlyzkx5m3gjaviqhfmovrxk	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35858", "uncompressed_offset": 180412880, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quotes/author/6630/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quotes/author/6630/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotes by Shah, Idries Idries Shah (June 16, 1924 - November 23, 1996), also known as Idris Shah, n Sayyid Idris al-Hashimi, was an author and lyricist in the sufist tradition. Idris Shah has been described as "the most significant worker adapting classical spiritual thought to the modern world." Shah's books have sold over 15 million copies in 12 languages worldwide(His books). They have been reviewed by The New York Times, The New Yorker, The Times (London, see for example, Doris Lessing's review), The Tribune, The Telegraph, and numerous other international journals and newspapers.. "Enlightenment must come little by little-otherwise it would overwhelm." Shah, Idries on enlightenment Take a look at recent activity on QB! Search Quotations Book	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:13:49.000Z	gzasyx7ivpv6xfegf6ox3ebrjgauqkso	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35859", "uncompressed_offset": 180418874, "url": "quotationsbook.com/quotes/tag/finance/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://quotationsbook.com/quotes/tag/finance/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quotes about finance These are quotes tagged with "finance". You can also search for quotes containing the word finance. "It sounds extraordinary but it?s a fact that balance sheets can make fascinating reading." Archer, Mary on finance "What is high finance? It?s knowing the difference between one and ten, multiplying, subtracting and adding. You just add noughts. It?s no more than that." Bentley, John on finance "I wake up every morning and thank God I?m not a chartered accountant any longer, but involved with property." Bradman, Godfrey on finance "It is time that financial types developed a greater tolerance for imprecision, because that's the way the world is." Burton, John C. on finance "The little I know of it has not served to raise my opinion of what is vulgarly called the Monied Interest; I mean, that blood-sucker, that muckworm, that calls itself the friend of government." Chatham, William Pitt The Elder, Lord on finance "You need to have enough immediate profits that you can finance the long-range growth without diluting the stock." Cook, Paul on finance "We estimate the wisdom of nations by seeing what they did with their surplus capital." Emerson, Ralph Waldo on finance 3 fans of this quote "Of course I'm doing something about my overdraft: I'm seeing my accountant." Fantoni, Barry on finance "The system of book-keeping by double entry is, perhaps, the most beautiful one in the wide domain of literature or science. Were it less common, it would be the admiration of the learned world." Freedley, Edwin T. on finance "The pen is mightier than the sword, but no match for the accountant." Glancey, Jonathan on finance "What we now call finance is, I hold, an intellectual perversion of what began as warm human love." Graves, Robert on finance "Women's battle for financial equality has barely been joined, much less won. Society still traditionally assigns to woman the role of money-handler rather than money-maker, and our assigned specialty is far more likely to be home economics than financial economics." Nelson, Paula on finance "The Law of Triviality... briefly stated, it means that the time spent on any item of the agenda will be in inverse proportion to the sum involved." Parkinson, C. Northcote on finance "Finance is the art of passing currency from hand to hand until it finally disappears." Sarnoff, Robert W. on finance "When it comes to finances, remember that there are no withholding taxes on the wages of sin." West, Mae on finance 6 fans of this quote Take a look at recent activity on QB! Search Quotations Book	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:23.000Z	evb4xvch3uanzqo3jbutns4zw2p5vp4c	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35861", "uncompressed_offset": 184374195, "url": "rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/Goldfarb_Michael", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://rightweb.irc-online.org/profile/Goldfarb_Michael" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Institute for Policy Studies – www.ips-dc.org Right Web Tracking militarists’ efforts to influence U.S. foreign policy Michael Goldfarb • Washington Free Beacon • Center for American Freedom: Chairman • Orion Strategies: Senior Vice President • Emergency Committee for Israel: Adviser • Keep America Safe: Adviser Please note: IPS Right Web neither represents nor endorses any of the individuals or groups profiled on this site. Michael Goldfarb—not to be confused with the British journalist of the same name—is a neoconservative pundit, activist, and consultant who serves as chairman of the Center for American Freedom, a right-wing counterpart to the liberal-leaning Center for American Progress that publishes the sensationalistic blog the Washington Free Beacon. A member of an up-and-coming generation of Republican activists who have eschewed traditional avenues to prominence, Goldfarb's career was "spawned," according to the New York Times, "in the conservative confines of the Weekly Standard and allied organizations, namely the Project for the New American Century, which is well known for promoting the war in Iraq. He has since gone on to thrive in the influential world of outside ideological groups."[1] A former online editor for the Weekly Standard and blogger for John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign—where he was hired to "attack the press," as he put it[2]—Goldfarb has also served as an adviser to advocacy groups like William Kristol's Emergency Committee for Israel and Liz Cheney's Keep America Safe. Goldfarb has served as vice president of Orion Strategies—a lobbying firm headed by former John McCain adviser Randy Scheunemann—and was a research associate for the now-defunct Project for the New American Century, a letterhead group founded by Robert Kagan and William Kristol that helped spearhead efforts to push for the invasion of Iraq after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Self-Styled Provocateur Described in a February 2013 New York Times profile as an "all-around anti-liberal provocateur," Goldfarb has proven adept at funneling anonymous Republican donations into high-profile advocacy efforts. According to the newspaper, "Goldfarb has been in the middle of nearly every major partisan dispute of [Barack] Obama’s presidency," including "Iran, Israel, terrorism policy," and the battle over Chuck Hagel's nomination to head the Pentagon.[3] In the process, he has gained a reputation for leveraging petty personal attacks and for presenting sensationalistic "jokes" as journalism. In one instance, the Washington Free Beacon published personal photos of a Nation writer who had criticized the Beacon's coverage of countries for whom Orion had lobbied. The Nation writer subsequently alleged that someone working for the Washington Free Beacon had hacked a private online photo account.[4] In a February 2013 post, the blog ran a story under the headline "Hughes Drops Jews," which suggested that the president of The New Republic magazine was "signal[ing] the publication’s continued drift away from a staunchly pro-Israel standpoint" by dropping "at least five prominent Jewish writers from its masthead." Critics pointed out that the publication's editor was Jewish and that half of the writers dropped were not. Goldfarb told the Times that story was meant to be a joke. "We're true believers, but we're also troublemakers," he said, "We get up every day and say, how do we cause trouble?"[5] Goldfarb's treatment of the Hughes story sparked widespread outcry in the progressive blogosphere. "That’s his defense?" opined commentator Jonathan Chait. "It was a joke?… Now, maybe it was a kind of internal joke among the Free Beacon’s editors, in the same sense that Glenn Beck may be playing a grand joke on an audience stupid enough to take him seriously. But there’s literally nothing in the text of the piece to suggest a raised eyebrow, intentional exaggeration, satire, irony, or anything other than a straightforward accusation of anti-Semitism."[6] Similarly, aDaily Beast blogger called Goldfarb's story "a stunning admission." Recalling the Beacon's repeated insinuations that Chuck Hagel held anti-Semitic views, the blogger mused: "Goldfarb concedes here that his group's accusations of anti-Semitism are just for laughs." Quipping that Goldfarb "represents Bill Kristol's worst instincts," the blogger concluded, "This is what neoconservatism has become; even a critic can lament."[7] Advisory Work In his capacity as VP of Orion Strategies, Goldfarb served as an adviser to the Emergency Committee for Israel (ECI), a Washington-based advocacy group established in mid-2010 that claims “to provide citizens with the facts they need to be sure that their public officials are supporting a strong US-Israel relationship.”ECI’s first act was to run a controversial attack ad in July 2010 targeting the track record of Senate candidate Rep. Joe Sestak (D-PA) and insinuating that he supported Mideast terrorists.[8] ECI board members have included William Kristol, cofounder of the Foreign Policy Initiative; Rachel Abrams, wife of notorious Iran-Contra veteran Elliott Abrams; and Gary Bauer, a well-know Christian Zionist who leads the lobby groups American Values and Keep Israel Safe. Noah Pollack, a contributor to Commentary and former assistant editor at the Jerusalem-based Shalem Center, has served as the group’s executive director.[9] Goldfarb confirmed his advisory position at ECI in an email to Salon.com’s Justin Elliott after the Inter Press Service tracked the address on the letterhead of an ECI letter to the offices of Orion Strategies.[10] Wrote Goldfarb, “I'm on the record as an adviser to ECI and its [sic] no secret that I work at Orion, where the Committee for the Liberation of Iraq sign is still proudly displayed on the front of the building. ECI will be opening an office next week, but given the urgency of our cause, getting an office sorted out seemed less pressing than exposing Joe Sestak's anti-Israel record."[11] In early 2010, reports surfaced that Goldfarb and his Orion boss, Scheunemann, were acting as advisers to Sarah Palin, possibly with a view to putting together a campaign team for the 2012 presidential election. Reported the Atlantic, “Sarah Palin is putting together a campaign team, and Washington is taking notice. … Pam Pryor, a former RNC senior adviser, leads Palin's political action committee and is orchestrating her outreach to social conservatives. Randy Scheunenmann remains her policy maestro, with informal assistance from his Orion Strategies colleague Michael Goldfarb, the former Weekly Standard writer and McCain campaign rapid responder.”[12] Goldfarb has also worked with the neoconservative advocacy organization Keep America Safe, which was founded by Liz Cheney in 2009. In this role, Goldfarb was a part of the campaign that targeted the Justice Department lawyers who represented terrorist suspects during the Bush administration, as well as Obama's Attorney General Eric Holder. In March 2010, Politico's Ben Smith quoted Goldfarb, who said: "Holder has hired lawyers who used to represent terrorists to work in President Obama's Justice Department, and he won't tell the American people who they are. These lawyers did far more than represent criminals. They have propagandized on behalf of our enemies, engaging in a worldwide smear campaign against the CIA, the U.S. military and the United States itself while we are at war."[13] Blogger and Editor As a blogger and deputy communications director for the McCain presidential campaign, Goldfarb helped lead attacks against then-Sen. Barack Obama, often calling into question Obama’s personal connections and patriotism. During an October 2008 appearance on CNN, Goldfarb said, “The point is that Barack Obama has a long track record of being around anti-Semitic, anti-Israel, and anti-American rhetoric.”[14] Asked to be specific, Goldfarb hurled the “antisemitic” label at Rashid Khalidi, a Columbia University professor who once held a fundraiser for Obama, but then refused to cite anyone else. Outcry quickly erupted over Goldfarb’s allegations.[15] Blogger Andrew Sullivan wrote on The Daily Dish, “Asked to name one other anti-Semite other than his allegation about Rashid Khalidi, he can't. He won't. But he leaves it hanging, refusing to disown or retract the charge. This is pure McCarthyism. And it is the rotten core of McCain."[16] Time’s Joe Klein wrote, “Khalidi is… a respected academic, the sort of person who is involved in foundation work that John McCain, for one, was willing to support financially. I'd say that if we have a bigot here, it's Mr. Goldfarb who, if he's intent on calling people antisemitic—or any other epithet—should be required to provide chapter and verse, which he does not do on CNN.”[17] Before working on McCain’s campaign, Goldfarb served as the online editor for the neoconservative Weekly Standard. Goldfarb used his perch at the Standard to attack critics of the “war on terror” and promote a hard line against Iran and other Middle East countries. In a March 2008 blog entry, for example, Goldfarb attacked the “left” for calling out McCain’s erroneous statement that Iran was aiding al-Qaeda in Iraq. Discussing a conference call hosted by the National Security Network in which writers including Brian Katulis of the Center for American Progress derided McCain’s “gaffe,” Goldfarb wrote that he was “struck by [the other participants’] insistence that Iran wouldn't collaborate with Sunni extremists.”[18] But none of the call participants made that claim, said Matt Duss, a blogger for the Wonk Room, who criticized Goldfarb for misrepresenting the conference call. Citing the transcript, Duss wrote that “Goldfarb was trying to elicit a specific response through leading questions. He failed to get the response he wanted, but went ahead and wrote the story he wanted to.… In the call, Katulis stressed, and I stress it again, that arguing over whether Iran would refuse, as a matter of doctrine, to cooperate with Sunni groups is not the point. The point is that John McCain’s misstatement is typical of conservatives, who have, through intentionally deceptive language, constantly tried to elide the differences between groups with different goals and ideologies in order to create the illusion of a united Islamofascist enemy. In doing so, conservatives are practicing bad politics in the service of bad policy.”[19] Pentagon Propaganda During the second Bush administration, Goldfarb participated in the Pentagon’s “Bloggers’ Roundtable” series which, according to its website, aimed to provide “source material for stories in the blogosphere concerning the Department of Defense (DoD) by bloggers and online journalists.”[20] According to journalist Ken Silverstein, the roundtable was part of a larger Pentagon initiative that sought to “bypass the mainstream press by working directly with a carefully culled list of military analysts, bloggers, and others who can be counted on to parrot the Bush Administration’s line on national security issues” (see, for example, Right Web’s profile of Paul Vallely).[21] Silverstein wrote that a“surrogates unit” within the Pentagon arranged “regular conference calls during which senior Pentagon officials brief[ed] retired military officials, civilian defense and national security analysts, pundits, and bloggers. A few moderates [were] invited to take part, but the list of participants skews far, far to the right. The Pentagon essentially [fed] participants the talking points, bullet points, and stories it want[ed] told.”[22] (The program was similar to the Pentagon operation that invited analysts to private briefings in order to use them as pro-Bush “message force multipliers.”)[23] Responding to Silverstein’s article, Goldfarb defended his participation in the program, writing, “Not only are we clear about who our sources are, we are not always kind to them—I wrote at the time that [the] rationale [of Ian Liotta, a Pentagon official who was on one of the conference calls] for keeping Gitmo open wasn’t ‘terribly compelling.’” Yet as Silverstein points out, “when the curious reader consults Goldfarb’s original post, the full quote is as follows: ‘To be blunt, I don’t find this to be a terribly compelling argument for keeping Gitmo open—though neither is it unreasonable.’ Which is not exactly the bold statement I was expecting when I clicked through, and, by the end of the post, Goldfarb appears to come around to Liotta’s point of view.”[24] Goldfarb’s experience also includes a stint as a journalism fellow at the Phillips Foundation, where he worked on a project entitled “The Upside of Global Warming,” and as a history student at Princeton University, where he reportedly concentrated in “war, revolution, and the state.”[25] Please note: IPS Right Web neither represents nor endorses any of the individuals or groups profiled on this site. • digg.com • delicious.com • newsvine.com/ • stumbleupon.com/ Close Please click the following link to bookmark this page: If the link doesn't appear don't worry, your browser doesn't support this function. Try pressing 'ctrl + d' on a PC or 'cmd + d' if your using a Mac. Close Michael Goldfarb Résumé Affiliations • Center for American Freedom: Chairman (2012 - ) • Emergency Committee for Israel: Adviser • Keep America Safe: Adviser • Weekly Standard: Former Online Editor • McCain 2008 Campaign: Deputy Communications Director • Project for the New American Century: Former Research Associate • Phillips Foundation: Journalism Fellow (2007) Businesses • Orion Strategies: Former Senior Vice President Government • Defense Department: Former Participant, Bloggers’ Roundtable Education • Princeton University: BA The Right Web Mission Right Web tracks militarists’ efforts to influence U.S. foreign policy. Sources [1] Jim Rutenberg, "A Conservative Provocateur, Using a Blowtorch as His Pen," New York Times, February 23, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/us/politics/michael-goldfarb-gleeful-provocateur-at-intersection-of-many-worlds.html?pagewanted=all. [2] Jim Rutenberg, "A Conservative Provocateur, Using a Blowtorch as His Pen," New York Times, February 23, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/us/politics/michael-goldfarb-gleeful-provocateur-at-intersection-of-many-worlds.html?pagewanted=all. [3] Jim Rutenberg, "A Conservative Provocateur, Using a Blowtorch as His Pen," New York Times, February 23, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/us/politics/michael-goldfarb-gleeful-provocateur-at-intersection-of-many-worlds.html?pagewanted=all. [4] Jim Rutenberg, "A Conservative Provocateur, Using a Blowtorch as His Pen," New York Times, February 23, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/us/politics/michael-goldfarb-gleeful-provocateur-at-intersection-of-many-worlds.html?pagewanted=all. [5] Jim Rutenberg, "A Conservative Provocateur, Using a Blowtorch as His Pen," New York Times, February 23, 2013, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/24/us/politics/michael-goldfarb-gleeful-provocateur-at-intersection-of-many-worlds.html?pagewanted=all. [6] Jonathan Chait, " Michael Goldfarb Is No Front-Stabber," New York Magazine "Daily Intelligencer" blog, February 25, 2013, http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2013/02/michael-goldfarb-is-no-front-stabber.html. [7] Ali Gharib, "Michael Goldfarb Doesn't Care About Facts," The Daily Beast "Open Zion" blog, February 25, 2013, http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/25/michael-goldfarb-doesn-t-care-about-facts.html. [8] Eli Clifton, “Familiar Neocons And Christian Zionist Head Up New “Emergency Committee For Israel” Inter Press Service, Lobelog, July 13, 2010, http://www.lobelog.com/familiar-neocons-and-christian-zionist-head-up-new-emergency-committee-for-israel/. [9] Eli Clifton, “Former Bush Administration Official Heads Up Latest Astroturf Group Pushing For Attack On Iran,” Inter Press Service, LobeLog.com, July 11, 2010, http://www.lobelog.com/former-bush-administration-official-heads-up-latest-astroturf-group-pushing-for-attack-on-iran/. [10] Eli Clifton, “Emergency Committee Based At Old Committee For The Liberation Of Iraq,” Inter Press Service, Lobelog, July 15, 2010, http://www.lobelog.com/emergency-committee-based-at-old-committee-for-the-liberation-of-iraq/. [11] Justin Elliott, “Bill Kristol's new Israel group using offices of old Committee for the Liberation of Iraq,” Salon.com, July 16, 2010, http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2010/07/16/liberation_of_iraq_and_committee_for_israel/index.html [12] Marc Ambinder, “Palin Puts Together A ... Campaign?” The Atlantic, February 9, 2010, http://politics.theatlantic.com/2010/02/palin_puts_together_a_campaign.php. [13] Ben, Smith, “Cheny group questions loyalty of Justice lawyers,” Politico, March 2, 2010, http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0310/Cheney_group_questions_loyalty_of_Justice_lawyers.html?showall [14] Michael Goldfarb on CNN, October 30, 2008, footage of the interview available on YouTube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q5OTQUe397I. [15] “McCain the Mudslinger,” The Hotline, National Journal, October 31, 2008, http://blogometer.nationaljournal.com/archives/2008/10/1031_mccain_the.html. [16] Andrew Sullivan, “Pure McCarthyism,” The Daily Dish, Atlantic, October 30, 2008, http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/the_daily_dish/2008/10/pure-mccarthyis.html. [17] Joe Klein, “And Lower…,” Swampland, Time, October 30, 2008, http://swampland.blogs.time.com/2008/10/30/and-lower/. [18] Michael Goldfarb, “The ‘Gray Area’ of Iran-al Qaeda Connections,” Weekly Standard Blog, March 19, 2008, http://www.weeklystandard.com/weblogs/TWSFP/2008/03/the_gray_area_of_iranal_qaeda.asp. [19] Matt Duss, “Weekly Standard’s Michael Goldfarb Refuses To Let Facts Get In The Way Of A Good Story,” Wonk Room, March 19, 2008, http://wonkroom.thinkprogress.org/2008/03/19/goldfarb-quotes/ [20] Department of Defense, “Bloggers’ Roundtable,” http://www.defenselink.mil/blogger/index.aspx (accessed November 17, 2008). [21] Ken Silverstein, “How the Pentagon’s ‘Surrogates Operation’ Feeds Stories to Administration-Friendly Media and Pundits,” Harper’s, July 19, 2007. [22] Ken Silverstein, “How the Pentagon’s ‘Surrogates Operation’ Feeds Stories to Administration-Friendly Media and Pundits,” Harper’s, July 19, 2007. [23] Bill Berkowitz, “Embedding the Analysts: Modern-Day Propaganda,” Right Web, May 8, 2008. [24] Ken Silverstein, “Not ‘Terribly Compelling’: Pentagon Surrogates Respond to Criticism,” Harper’s, July 24, 2007, http://www.harpers.org/archive/2007/07/hbc-90000627. [25] Phillips Foundation, “Overview of the Phillips Foundation Journalism Fellows since Inception of the Program,” http://www.thephillipsfoundation.org/index.php?q=fellowship_profiles (accessed November 18, 2008). Right Web \| rightweb.irc-online.org 1112 16th St. NW, Suite 600, Washington, DC 20036 USA \| \| 202-234-9382 Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License Right Web is a project of the Institute for Policy Studies; www.ips-dc.org	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:50:15.000Z	2sjcbhtmdfozm3zhed5i37ib25z7qw6n	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35862", "uncompressed_offset": 184886319, "url": "robots.net/robomenu/987290003.html", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://robots.net/robomenu/987290003.html" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	2000PLUS built by Dan Wilson Target Environment Locomotion Method Indoors 4 Wheels Sensors / Input Devices Actuators / Output Devices video camera 3 stepper motors 2 DC motors Control Method Power Source Radio/Control Battery CPU Type Operating System Intel 80x86 Windows 95/98/NT/2K/CE... Programming Lanuage Weight BASIC N/A Time to build Cost to build N/A N/a URL for more information N/A Comments 2000PLUS is a mobile robot that can be used for a wide variety of uses. It was mainly designed to help the handicapped people get things around the house. Part of the control for the robot is a Hewlett Packard personal computer running Microsoft Windows 98. Windows 98 was chosen for it's multiple video adapter feature. This allows the user to have a much larger desktop using multiple monitors. The image from the arm-mounted camera can be seen on one monitor and the software can be on another. The robotic arm is controlled by the Visual Basic program designed to operate the three stepper motors onboard the robot as well as two DC motors. The drive train of the robot is controlled by a modified car remote control. The interior electronics are used with a computer game joystick. This controls the forward/reverse, right/left movement of the robot. It uses two FM channels, one for the X-axis of the joystick and the other for the Y-axis. The signal received at the robot is combined using an elevon mixer user for remote control airplanes. This combined signal is then routed to the appropriate channel's speed controller. The speed controllers are hooked up to electric drill motors placed underneath the robot. The motors have a small wheel attached that drives the rear wheel providing movement. The computers communicate using 2.4 GHz wireless network cards. The software PcAnywhere links the user computer to the robot computer and provides complete access to the robot computer. This allows the user to run the stepper motor control program from the robot side. Microsoft NetMeeting is used to transmit and receive the audio/video between the two computers. Power on the robot is provided by two 12V 24 Ah. They are connected to a 350-Watt power inverter, which is used to power the computer. The batteries also provide direct power to the DC motors used for driving the robot as well as the two motors used on the arm. Email: : DWilson@IITRI.ORG Sorted by Robot Next >> Sorted by Builder << PreviousNext >> Sponsored Ad	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:36:11.000Z	r6ykqhqlzr7r5htq2avuvfurvifrp7ad	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35908", "uncompressed_offset": 250073766, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/Previousproducts/1345.4Main%20Features14Nov%202010?issue=Nov+2010&prodno=1345.4&tabname=Summary", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Previousproducts/1345.4Main%20Features14Nov%202010?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=1345.4&issue=Nov%202010&num=&view=" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Release Date 1345.4 - SA Stats, Nov 2010 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 30/11/2010 Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product WATER RAINFALL According to the Bureau of Meteorology's Seasonal Climate Summary for South Australia, Winter 2010 produced a colder and wetter than average season. Winter began with below average June rainfall around the state, which was subsequently offset by above average rainfall in July, and above average to well above average rainfall in August. Generally, agricultural districts received near average rainfall, with well above average rainfall falling in pastoral districts. Rainfall totals were typically 100mm to 200mm for the winter season, with the highest total for the state recorded at Uraidla in the Adelaide Hills with 561.8mm. Source: 3-monthly rainfall anomalies for South Australia, Australian Bureau of Meteorology RESERVOIR LEVELS According to the Bureau of Meteorology, it was a dry start to October 2010 in southern areas of the state, though wetter in the north. Due to the location of South Australia's reservoirs, storage capacity is heavily reliant upon rainfall in the Mount Lofty Ranges catchment area (SA Water). With some parts of the Mount Lofty Ranges receiving less than average rainfall, total water storage levels fell to 89% of capacity by the end of October. This is slightly below storage volumes held at the end of October 2009 (92%), but considerably higher than storage volumes at the same time in 2008 (73%). TOTAL RESERVOIR STORAGE, As a percentage of capacity, Adelaide Source: SA Water daily reservoir levels © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:19:33.000Z	34ynruxw62s7akytvgt2lisku3nu3ykl	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35909", "uncompressed_offset": 250081808, "url": "www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs%40.nsf/mediareleasesbytitle/39A5EDF2C18D8E73CA2572E5007D357A", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mediareleasesbytitle/39A5EDF2C18D8E73CA2572E5007D357A?OpenDocument" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Australian Bureau of Statistics Celebrating the International Year of Statistics 2013 ABS Home > Statistics > By Catalogue Number 3107.0.55.005 - Information Paper: Statistical Implications of Improved Methods for Estimating Net Overseas Migration, Australia, 2007 Latest ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 25/05/2007 First Issue Page tools: Print Page Print All RSS Search this Product • About this Release • ABS announces improved methods for estimating net overseas migration (Media Release) MEDIA RELEASE May 25, 2007 Embargoed 11.30 am (AEST) 58/2007 ABS announces improved methods for estimating net overseas migration The Australian Bureau of Statistics announced today improved population estimation methods. Over recent years there has been a large increase in the volumes of international travellers crossing Australia's borders. There has also been increased frequency of travel, and significant volatility in the patterns of international travel with major world events impacting on international travel to and from Australia. In 2006, 10.9 million people arrived in Australia from overseas and 10.7 million people left Australia. A large proportion of these travellers were visitors from overseas who stayed for a short visit, and Australian residents travelling overseas for less than 12 months. In response to these changes, the ABS has developed improved methods for estimating net overseas migration. Determining how many international travellers are to be accounted for in estimating the Australian population is achieved by compiling estimates of Net Overseas Migration. Only people living in Australia for 12 months or more are added to the population. Residents leaving Australia for 12 months or more are subtracted from the population of Australia. Net overseas migration is a major driver of quarterly population growth in the ABS' estimated resident population statistics. Net overseas migration accounts for around half of the annual population growth of Australia. The Information Paper: Statistical Implications of Improved Methods for Estimating Net Overseas Migration, Australia 2007 (cat. no. 3107.0.55.005) provides an overview of the improved methods. The Information Paper also contains analysis of the statistical impacts on estimates of net overseas migration for the period from December quarter 2003 to June quarter 2006. Estimates calculated using the improved methods will be applied in compiling estimates of the resident population of Australia, the states and territories from September quarter 2006. Estimates for September and December quarters 2006 will be released on 5 June 2007 in Australian Demographic Statistics, December Quarter 2006 (cat. no. 3101.0). © Commonwealth of Australia 2013 Unless otherwise noted, content on this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence together with any terms, conditions and exclusions as set out in the website Copyright notice. For permission to do anything beyond the scope of this licence and copyright terms contact us.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:37:50.000Z	2ngauzk7qyf5bqjq32p7sveragpqgr65	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35926", "uncompressed_offset": 373458734, "url": "www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Pakistan_Cemeteries", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Pakistan_Cemeteries" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Pakistan CemeteriesEdit This Page From FamilySearch Wiki It is helpful to understand the burial customs of the country you are researching. In Pakistan only males are allowed to participate in the actual burial ceremony. Pakistani Hindus are generally cremated according to Hindu religious tradition. In this ceremony also, males are given greater prominence. A death is a time for the Pakistani community to come together to provide emotional and sometimes financial support for the bereaved family. Cemetery records often give more information than church burial records and may include the deceased’s name, age, date of death or burial, birth year or date of birth, and sometimes marriage information. They may also provide clues about an ancestor’s military service, religion, occupation, place of residence at time of death, or membership in an organization. Cemetery records are especially helpful for identifying ancestors who were not recorded in other records, such as children who died young or women. To find tombstone inscriptions or burial records, you must know where an individual was buried. Clues to burial places may be found in funeral notices, obituaries, church records, and death certificates. Individuals were usually buried in a church, community, or private cemetery near the place where they lived or died. Cemetery locations may be found on maps of the area. For information on maps, see Alaska Maps. The Family History Library has copies of some cemetery records, compiled or published tombstone inscriptions, and some burial records. These are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under: PAKISTAN - CEMETERIES Web Sites Need additional research help? Contact our research help specialists. Need wiki, indexing, or website help? Contact our product teams. Did you find this article helpful? You're invited to explain your rating on the discussion page (you must be signed in). • This page was last modified on 25 October 2010, at 17:51. • This page has been accessed 1,554 times.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:37.000Z	b24s6vu2kefjepg7sadszjsstvp2aiu3	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35927", "uncompressed_offset": 377539639, "url": "www.fightaging.org/archives/2004/08/an-important-point-about-supplements.php", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.fightaging.org/archives/2004/08/an-important-point-about-supplements.php" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	An Important Point About Supplements Permalink \| View Comments (15) \| Post Comment \| \| Posted by Reason I have noted an important point about supplements in at least one previous post: In any case, most of these near future products would have to be injected to have the desired effect. The human digestive system is very good at breaking down complex compounds - especially those relating to human biochemistry - before they get anywhere near the bloodstream. This was posted as part of a commentary on resveratrol, a calorie restriction mimetic compound that has been generating some excitement in the old school portions of the healthy life extension community. I talked a little about resveratrol in a recent Longevity Meme Newsletter: Resveratrol has been in the news recently. It is a supplement found in red wine that triggers some of the same beneficial effects on health and longevity as calorie restriction in animal studies: ... Does this mean that you should run out and start ordering resveratrol? No, not unless you can afford to throw away that money. Taking resveratrol supplements now is a bet - you are betting that this substance, quick to decay and difficult to keep potent even in laboratories, will still be useful and viable in pill form. The history of the supplement industry shows this to be a bad bet; you are almost certainly going to lose. Many substances backed by wonderful scientific studies have turned out to have little or no effect - for one reason or another - when taken as supplements. I agree that resveratrol is a step forward for the world of supplements - the discovery certainly demonstrates the power and utility of modern bioinformatics. I plan to take it myself, but only after a vendor steps forward to demonstrate that their resveratrol pills are as effective in studies as laboratory preparations. Here is a comment from an Immortality Institute thread on resveratrol: Sinclair and his team at Harvard tested the biological activity of many conventional resveratrol supplements available on the market before the thought of "Longevinex" was ever conceived of. It was in response to Sinclair's findings that existing resveratrol supplements showed no biological activity due to oxidation that health journalist Bill Sardi contacted chemists in the industry to develop a resveratrol supplement which is protected from oxidation. Sinclair has claimed that he has received no compensation from the Longevinex company, and announced on a mailing list that he planned to pursue legal action against Longevinex for using his name to promote their product without his consent. Other than perhaps initially testing(?) the compound for Sardi, Sinclair made it sound as if he had no financial connection with them. Sinclair found that only research-grade resveratrol produced under hypoxic conditions and sealed under nitrogen during storage were found to have significant biological activity. The compound simply oxidizes rapidly... think of a sliced apple which turns brown after a short time. Longevinex is the first supplement to be produced under a nitrogen environment, and sealed in an air-tight capsule with a nitrogen bubble inside to protect from oxidation. For the same reason, the resveratrol in red wine is quickly oxidized in less than a day after the bottle is opened. Since wine can be purchased in the plastic collapsable bags, some have chosen to supplement with resveratrol in this fashion. However, one would have to drink over 10 glasses of typical red wine per day to get the same amount of resveratrol, if my memory serves; although some red wines contain more resveratrol than others. Another problem with resveratrol is that it rapidly forms conjugates both in the digestive tract and during the initial pass through the liver. Quercetin can saturate and bind to the same compounds which conjugate with resveratrol, so Longevinex also includes quercetin in the pill. However, it is a small amount, and my guess is that all of the quercetin, plus all of the resveratrol in the pill will become conjugated. A possible solution to this is to take extra quercetin (say 500mg) shortly before taking Longevinex. Two published studies now have found that resveratrol rapidly forms conjugates and is likely not bioavailable. Quercetin is believed to inhibit this conjugation, and quercetin also helps to activate the same gene that resveratrol does, albeit less potently. Some things to ask yourself about any new supplement backed up by good laboratory work: • Do the pills deliver the same potency and compound used in the laboratory? • Will your body break it down before it does anything? • Has the pill form been demonstrated to have the same (or any) beneficial effects in scientific studies? • Is spending time, effort and money on this as effective for your future healthy and longevity as putting the same resources towards serious anti-aging research? In all fairness, that last question is a tough one - but it is something you should think about. I think that we would all benefit from less time spent on pills and more time spent on advanced medicine: telomeres, stem cells, cancer therapies, mitochondria and real anti-aging medicine. UPDATE 11/25/2006: For more thoughts in the same vein, in the wake of more recent resveratrol science and publicity, you should read one of the more recent posts on the subject.	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:01:18.000Z	skdntaxvpgs3ux6723zh3uaoge3ndsx7	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35928", "uncompressed_offset": 385719090, "url": "www.forensicswiki.org/w/index.php?diff=12721&oldid=10789&title=Residual_Data_on_Used_Equipment", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.forensicswiki.org/w/index.php?title=Residual_Data_on_Used_Equipment&diff=12721&oldid=10789" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Error Jump to: navigation, search 2 revisions of this difference (10789 and 12721) were not found. This is usually caused by following an outdated diff link to a page that has been deleted. Details can be found in the deletion log. This category currently contains no pages or media. Personal tools Namespaces Variants Actions Navigation: About forensicswiki.org: Toolbox	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:59:50.000Z	ejqufint4mqjcfaqwa6nzxjk76pxttsj	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35934", "uncompressed_offset": 406225464, "url": "www.grandtheftwiki.com/index.php?oldid=359938&title=Grand_Theft_Auto%3A_San_Andreas", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.grandtheftwiki.com/index.php?title=Grand_Theft_Auto:_San_Andreas&oldid=359938" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas From Grand Theft Wiki Jump to: navigation, search Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas DeveloperRockstar North PublisherRockstar Games EngineRenderWare Release datesPS2 26th October 2004 29th October 2004 29th October 2004 25th January 2007 PC 7th June 2005 10th June 2005 10th June 2005 Xbox 7th June 2005 10th June 2005 10th June 2005 PlayStation Network 11th December 2012 PlatformsPlayStation 2 Xbox PC PlayStation 3 Ratings ESRB: • Original: M (Mature) • Updated rating: AO (Adults Only) • Re-release: M (Mature) PEGI: 18+ BBFC: 18 OFLC (NZ): R18 OFLC: • Original: MA 15+ • Updated rating: RC (banned) • Re-release: MA 15+ USK: 16+ DJCTQ: 18 ProtagonistCarl Johnson LocationSan Andreas: Year1992 Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas is a Rockstar North developed GTA III Era game, and so has references to storylines and characters from both Grand Theft Auto III and Grand Theft Auto: Vice City. It is the only game so far set in the fictional state of San Andreas, consisting of three cities: Los Santos, San Fierro and Las Venturas, and includes vast expanses of countryside, forests, and a desert as well as a mountain. The game is centered around the return of Carl Johnson (also known as CJ) to his gang (the Grove Street Families), and their subsequent return to power. Storyline Contents The protagonist of GTA San Andreas, Carl Johnson (CJ) Five years ago Carl Johnson escaped from the pressures of life in his hometown, Los Santos, San Andreas. Now, it's the early 90s, and he's got to get back home. His mother has been murdered, his family has fallen apart and his childhood friends are all heading towards disaster. On his return to the neighborhood, a couple of corrupt cops frame him for the homicide of a police officer. CJ is forced on a journey that takes him across the entire state of San Andreas, to save his family and take control of the streets. Audio Audio File File:GTASA-Theme.ogg GTA San Andreas Theme Song Author: Rockstar Games Gameplay San Andreas is similarly structured to the previous two games in the series. The core gameplay consists of elements of a third-person shooter and a driving game, affording the player a large, open environment in which to move around. On foot, the player's character is capable of walking, running, swimming (the first GTA game in which diving is possible), limited climbing and jumping, as well as using weapons and various forms of hand to hand combat. Players can operate a variety of vehicles, including automobiles, boats, airplanes, helicopters, trains, tanks, motorcycles and bicycles. Players may also import vehicles rather than steal them. CJ is Grand Theft Auto's most customizable protagonist due to the possibility in-game to change his clothes, tattoos, hairstyle and even his body mass in which he can be fat, skinny or muscular. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas also reintroduces over-the-top-gameplay seen in games such as Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, The Ballad of Gay Tony, and Grand Theft Auto: Chinatown Wars. Game Information • 100% Completion — Detailed information on how to complete the game 100%. Grand Theft Auto series chronology of events 2D Universe GTA 1 Era 1961London 1961 1969London 1969 1997Grand Theft Auto 1 GTA 2 Era 2013GTA 2 3D Universe GTA III Era 1984GTA Vice City Stories 1986GTA Vice City 1992GTA San Andreas 1998GTA Liberty City Stories 2000GTA Advance 2001GTA III HD Universe GTA IV Era 2008GTA IV The Lost and Damned The Ballad of Gay Tony 2009GTA Chinatown Wars GTA V Era Modern DayGTA V • Assets — Assets are places where you can periodically go to collect a predetermined amount of money. • Businesses — There are many different types of businesses featured. • Carl Johnson - The protagonist of the game. • Characters — The people who make the gameworld immersive. • Cheats — Cheat codes are available for the PS2, Xbox, and PC versions. • Collectibles — Information about the types of items that can be collected. • Controls — The controls are different for PS2, Xbox, and PC versions of the game. • Criminal ratings — A list of the different criminal ratings in San Andreas and how many points you need to reach them. • Gameplay Features — Gameplay mechanics and features in San Andreas. • Gang Warfare — Gang Warfare is a tactical section of gameplay which involves taking over enemy gang territories. • Girlfriends — Information on all six girlfriends in San Andreas. • Main Story Missions — Walkthroughs for all of the main story missions. • Mods — Third-party mods add different elements to the game. • Myths/Legends — Detailed information on all the rumors, myths, legends, and glitches in the game. • Plot — The whole plot that makes the gameworld story understandable. • Radio Stations — The radio stations heard in-game. • Restaurants — See the food-chains in San Andreas. • Restricted Areas — Restricted areas such as Area 69 and The Easter Basin Naval Base. • Safehouses — All of the accessible safehouses and how to obtain them. • Places — Many different locations are within San Andreas, you might want to visit them all. • Schools — Information about the types of schooling offered such as the Pilot School. • Statistics — Different statistics are used to track your progress. • Trailers — Trailers showcasing this game. • Vehicle Missions — Missions are available for specific vehicles. • Vehicles — A list of the numerous vehicles found in the game • Weapons — A list of the various weapons found in the game. • The Helicopter Sniping Trick • Get Rich Quick Betting Trick Reception Prior to its release for the PlayStation 2, Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas was one of the most highly anticipated video games of 2004, along with Halo 2. San Andreas met most of these expectations, as it was praised as one of the PlayStation 2's best games, with an average review score on 95%, according to Metacritic, tying for the fifth highest ranked game in PlayStation 2 history. IGN rated the game a 9.9/10 (the highest score it has ever awarded to a PlayStation 2 game), calling it "the defining piece of software" for the PlayStation 2. GameSpot rated the game 9.6/10, giving it an Editor's Choice award. San Andreas also received an A rating from the 1UP.com network and a 10/10 score from Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine. As of March 26, 2008, Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas has sold 21.5 million units according to Take-Two Interactive. The Guinness World Records 2009 Gamer's Edition list it as the most successful game on the Playstation 2, with 17.33 million copies sold for that console alone, from a total of 21.5 million in all formats. The New York Times' Charles Herold gave the only non-positive review for San Andreas, giving it a 'mediocre' rating of 6.0 out of 10, criticizing the "annoying" mission structure, and the casualness of the intense violence featured in the game. Sales: • PS2 - 17.4 million • PC - 2.3 million • Xbox - 1.9 million Controversy The game has received widespread acclaim for its technical achievements and free gameplay. However, it also received widespread criticism - initially due to its "gangster" elements, which include drugs, prostitution, and murder; but later due to the discovery of disabled interactive sex scenes, nicknamed Hot Coffee, which could be re-enabled using third-party mods. This led to the re-rating by the ESRB of the game from Mature to Adults-Only until a second version, with the sex scenes fully removed, was released. Trivia • GTA San Andreas contains many references to the popular 90s Hood Film "Boyz n' The Hood". Some characters in the game are visually and/or mentally based on characters from the film, as well as some events that take place. • Somehow GTA Vice City files and beta pics exist in txd folder. The beta files consist of the beta map, beta intro and outro pictures, and beta loading screen. • GTA San Andreas is also the first Grand Theft Auto to include many features, such as customizing Carl Johnson in many ways (Clothes, Tattoos etc), ability to go to the gym and gain muscle, and the ability to go on dates with girls, and also have 'Hot Coffee'. • In the top right frame on the cover of the game, a street sign saying Grove Street / Glen Park is shown, implying the two streets intersect. In the actual game, the two streets are in different parts of the city. • The protagonist of Bully, Jimmy Hopkins, was born around the time GTA San Andreas takes place. • Famous author Stephen King mentioned Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas while speaking out against HB 1423, a bill pending in the Massachusetts state legislature that would restrict or ban the sale of violent video games to anyone under the age of 18. King stated at one point: "...it would forbid a 17-year-old, legally able to see Hostel: Part II, from buying or renting Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, which is violent but less graphic..." King also opined that such games reflect the violence that already exists in society, which would not be lessened by such a law, and would be redundant in light of the ratings system that already exists for video games. Trailers <youtube>Pze6mdhnBLM</youtube> <youtube>GHzG0bKTa1g</youtube> <youtube>7hpZAsCokQ0</youtube> <youtube>Fh3AB7LHhE0</youtube> External link	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:12.000Z	x6qsf7pznolsulionf7y3jbntbkhmcwn	{ "content_type": "application/xhtml+xml", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35936", "uncompressed_offset": 415916564, "url": "www.hindawi.com/journals/ijp/2012/643895/", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijp/2012/643895/" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents International Journal of Photoenergy Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 643895, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2012/643895 Research Article Nanostructural, Chemical, and Mechanical Features of nc-Si:H Films Prepared by PECVD Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea Received 29 August 2011; Revised 26 November 2011; Accepted 5 January 2012 Academic Editor: Junsin Yi Copyright © 2012 Jong-Ick Son et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract This study examined the effects of film thickness on the nanostructural, chemical, and mechanical features of nc-Si:H films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. SiH4 and H2 were used as the source gases, and the deposition time was varied from 10 to 360 min. The mean nanocrystallites size in the Si films increased from ~6 to ~8 nm with increasing film thickness from 85 to 4150 nm. Moreover, the nanocrystallite concentration and elastic modulus increased from ~7.5 to ~45% and from 135 to 147 Gpa, respectively. In the 4150 nm thick film, the relative volume fraction of Si nanocrystallites and relative fraction of Si–H bonds in the films were approximately ~45% and ~74.5%, respectively. 1. Introduction Recently, the development of renewable energy systems has attracted considerable attention due to the high oil price and the safety risk of nuclear power systems. In particular, the transformation of solar energy into electrical power is one of the most important scientific and industrial issues mainly because solar energy is clean, infinite, and nontoxic [1]. Among the many types of thin films used in solar devices, hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films have promising features, such as controllable energy band gap, light absorption coefficient, and electrical conductivity. All these features depend critically on the characteristics of nanometer-sized Si crystallites embedded in an amorphous matrix [2, 3]. For such applications, nc-Si:H thin films have been fabricated mainly by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) [4, 5]. Solar cells based on amorphous silicon thin films consist of p-type, n-type, and intrinsic amorphous silicon layers. The intrinsic layer plays an important role in enhancing the solar cell efficiency [6]. For the intrinsic a-Si:H layers in solar cells, the nanostructural features of the intrinsic layers need to be well controlled in terms of the Si nanocrystallite size and size distribution. The relationship between the film thickness and the efficiency of solar cells has been reported previously [7, 8]. Nevertheless, few studies have examined the effect of the film thickness on the nanostructural, chemical, and mechanical features of the films. In addition, with varying film thickness, the mechanical stress within the film needs to be examined to better understand the nanostructural characteristics of a-Si:H films. In this study, nc-Si:H films were deposited on Si wafers by PECVD and the formation of Si nanocrystallites along with their nanostructural, chemical, and mechanical features were examined in terms of the film thickness. Local variations in the nanostructural features and mechanical and chemical properties of thick films were also examined using a nanoprobed electron beam. 2. Experimental Details The nc-Si:H thin films were deposited on a Si (001) wafer and a slide glass at room temperature by PECVD. SiH4 and H2 were introduced into a chamber at 4 and 96 sccm, respectively, and were activated with a RF power source. The RF power and frequency were 150 W and 13.56 MHz, respectively. The substrate temperature was fixed to room temperature. The surface of the substrate Si wafer was cleaned in a HF solution to remove the native oxide layer. Table 1 provides details of the deposition conditions for the films. Table 1: Various deposition conditions of the nc-Si:H thin films. The size and relative volume fraction of Si nanocrystallites in the films were examined by Raman spectroscopy (Hobin Yvon, T6400). The film thickness was measured by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, Hitachi, S-4300). High-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD, XPET-PRO MDR) was performed to estimate the mean nanocrystallite size in the films. The chemical bonds of the films were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR, IFS66v/s, Bruker) spectroscopy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, JEOL 2100F) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) were used to obtain local structural information. Electron microdiffraction was used to identify the presence of crystallites at particular regions of the films; the beam probe was ~1 nm in size. Cross-section TEM specimens (~8 μm × ~6 μm × ~40 nm) were prepared from a 4150 nm thick film using a focused ion beam (FIB) technique. The Young’s modulus of the films was analyzed using a nanoindenter (MTS, Nanoindenter XP). 3. Results 3.1. Nanostructural Features Figure 1 shows cross-section SEM images of the nc-Si:H thin films. The film thickness increased almost linearly from 85 to 4150 nm with increasing deposition time from 10 to 360 min. (Figure 1(d)). The interface between the film and substrate is clearly noticeable, and column-shaped morphology features were observed in the film region. Figure 1: Cross-section SEM images of the films. The films were prepared for 60 (a), 180 (b), and 360 min. (c), respectively. (d) Film thickness versus deposition time. The arrows indicate the interface between the films and Si substrate. Figure 2 shows XRD patterns of the nc-Si:H films. The diffraction peak at 28.4° 2 was assigned to the (111) crystallographic plane of Si. The Si (111) peak intensity increased with increasing deposition time. In particular, the intensity of the peak in spectrum was 8 times as large as that in spectrum . The crystallite size was estimated using Sherrer’s equation [9]. where is the X-ray wavelength, is the FWHM, and is the diffraction angle of the peak. The crystallite size varied from ~6 to ~8 nm. This variation was clearly observed within the resolution of the analysis method. Figure 2: (a) XRD patterns of the Si thin films. The films were prepared at a substrate temperature of R.T. for 10 (1), 30 , 60 , 180 , and 360 min , respectively. The arrow indicates the presence of (111) Si peaks in each spectrum. (b) Crystal size and relative peak intensity ratio (relative peak intensity ratio = (Intensitypeak1, 2, 3, 4, 5/Intensitypeak 5) × 100%) versus film thickness. The Raman spectra of the nc-Si:H films deposited for 10, 180, and 360 min, were obtained (Figure 3). All phonon modes of the transverse acoustic (TA), longitudinal acoustic (LA), longitudinal optical (LO), and transverse optical (TO) modes are active in Raman spectroscopy [10]. The best Gaussian fits of the Raman spectra are illustrated in each spectrum. The broad peak at 480 cm−1 indicates the presence of amorphous silicon (a-Si). The shoulder peak at 500~510 cm−1 was assigned to the presence of Si nanocrystallites (nc-Si) [11]. The symmetric main peak of bulk Si is centered at 521 cm−1. Figure 3: Raman spectra of the films. The best fits are superimposed in each spectrum. The films were deposited for (a) 10, (b) 180, and (c) 360 min. (d) Crystal size and volume fraction versus film thickness. Deconvoluted Gaussian fits provide information on the volume fraction of the nanocrystallites as well as the mean crystallite size. Equation (2) was used to obtain the mean crystallite size [12, 13]. where is the peak shift for the Si nanocrystallite compared to that of bulk Si and = 2.0 cm−1 nm2. The Raman spectra of the nc-Si:H films deposited for 10 min clearly show the characteristic features of amorphous Si. With increasing deposition time from 30 to 360 min, there was a significant variation in crystallite size from 6.9 to 8.5 nm. The results obtained by XRD and Raman spectroscopy were well matched to each other; the difference was less than 1 nm for each size. The volume fraction of the Si nanocrystallites in the films was obtained based on two fits: one () near 480 cm−1 and the other () for nc-Si. The relative volume fraction of Si crystallites in the film was estimated by the formula, , where is a scattering factor that is regarded as ~1.0 for nanocrystallites [14]. The volume fraction of nanocrystallites increased steadily with increasing film thickness. The largest fraction was observed in the 4150 nm thick films; the fraction was approximately ~45%. 3.2. Chemical Bonding Features Figure 4 shows the FT-IR spectra of the nc-Si:H films prepared for (a) 30, (b) 60 and (c) 360 min. The spectra were deconvoluted and the best fits are illustrated. The spectra show prominent peaks at 2000, 2100, and 2140 cm−1, which were assigned to a stretching vibration of Si–H (monohydride), Si–H2 (di-hydride) and Si–H3 (tri-hydride), bonds, respectively [15]. Si–H2 bonds were dominant in the films prepared for 30 min ( = 7.5%), whereas the Si–H and Si–H3 fractions were quite small. In contrast, the films with = 45% contained a high proportion of Si–H, whereas the Si–H2 and Si–H3 fractions were quite small. The Si–H bond can be attributed to the passivation of Si crystallites embedded in an amorphous Si matrix [16]. The Si crystallites on the surface can be surrounded by hydrogen producing monohydrides. On the other hand, dihydrides and trihydrides bonds are easily returned to the plasma or remain in the amorphous phase of the films. The presence of monohydride type bonds in the films indicates the enhancement of Si crystallization. The relative fraction of monohydrides with respect to the total hydrides in the film increased to ~74.5% with increasing film thickness to 4150 nm. Figure 4: FT-IR results. The spectra were obtained from the films prepared for (a) 30, (b) 60, and (c) 360 min. (d) Si–H bonding fractions versus film thickness. 3.3. Mechanical Features Figure 5 shows the mean elastic modulus results, which was calculated using (3) [17]. where is the elastic modulus of nc-Si:H films. and are the Poisson’s ratios of the diamond tip (0.07) and a-Si:H (0.23), respectively; and are the Young’s modulus of the diamond tip (1141 Gpa) and nc-Si:H, respectively. The highest elastic modulus (157 Gpa) was observed when the film thickness was approximately 85 nm; this film was almost amorphous. The elastic modulus decreased rapidly to ~135 Gpa with increasing thin film thickness from 85 to 260 nm and then increased steadily from ~147 Gpa with further increases in film thickness to 4150 nm. Figure 5: Nanoindentation results of the nc-Si:H films. Variation in the elastic modulus with film thickness. 3.4. Distribution of Si Nanocrystallites in 4150 nm Thick Films Figure 6 shows a cross-section scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) image of nc-Si:H films with a thickness of 4150 nm; the microdiffraction patterns were obtained at various depth positions. The electron microdiffraction patterns obtained at positions P2 (near top surface of the film), P3, and P4 (near middle of the film) clearly exhibit spots related to the presence of nanocrystallites. On the other hand, in the patterns recorded at P1 (top of the film) and P6 (bottom of the film), the intensity of the spots appeared to decrease and spread out [18]. Figure 6: (a) Cross-section STEM image of the nc-Si:H thin films. Arrow m indicates the interface between the substrate (Si-wafer) and nc-Si:H films. (b) Electron microdiffraction patterns were recorded at positions P1~P6 in (a). Figure 7 shows the EELS spectra obtained from the specimen shown in Figure 6. The peaks at ~99.9 eV were attributed to Si-L2,3 [19]. The spectra obtained at P3 and P4 appear to have higher intensities than the other spectra. This shows that the distribution of nanocrystallites in the films was not uniform. The stress at the middle of the film, such as regions P3 and P4, is expected to be considerably different from that at positions P1 and P6, which might be related to local variations in the density of nanocrystallites in the film [20, 21]. Figure 7: EELS spectra of the nc-Si:H thin films. Spectra (a)~(f) were recorded from positions P1~P6, in Figure 6. 4. Discussion 4.1. Nanostructural and Mechanical Features As observed by SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy, the film thickness was almost proportional to the deposition time. The growth rate was ~11.5 nm/min under these experimental conditions. Films <85 nm in thickness were almost amorphous. The relative volume fraction of the crystallites increased to ~45% with increasing film thickness from 260 to 4150 nm. The mean size of the Si nanocrystallites in the films ranged from ~6 to ~8 nm under this experimental range (Table 2). Table 2: Variation in the chemical and physical features of the nc-Si:H thin films with deposition time. In the initial stage of film growth (deposition time ≤10 min), the film exhibited a considerably large Young’s modulus, which was attributed mainly to the dominant presence of an amorphous Si phase. The Young’s modulus of the film decreased from ~157 Gpa to ~135 Gpa with increasing thickness from 85 to 260 nm; the Si nanocrystallites were formed in a-Si. On the other hand, the Young’s modulus of the films increased with further increased in film thickness to 4150 nm, reaching ~147 Gpa, which is still lower than that for a purely amorphous phase. Moreover, the relative volume fraction of the Si nanocrystallites in the film increased to ~45%. The formation of Si nanocrystallites is believed to be related to the decreasing structural energy of the films during deposition. The size of Si crystallites is determined mainly by the substrate temperature and the interfacial energy with the amorphous-phased matrix [22]. The structural features of the interface between the crystallites and amorphous matrix are affected by stress in the films. The change in stress within the films appears sensitive to the crystallite-forming species (ions) on the growing film surfaces under these experimental conditions. Consequently the crystallite size increased significantly from ~6 to ~8 nm with increasing thickness from 260 to 4150 nm with a concomitant change in the Young’s modulus of the film. More study is currently underway to obtain a better understanding of the interface between the crystallites and amorphous phase. 4.2. Chemical Bonding Features Si–H, Si–H2, and Si–H3 bonds are located at either the surface of the Si nanocrystallites or polymeric Si clusters in the nc-Si:H thin films. Considering that the crystallites embedded in an amorphous matrix are nanosized, the surface of the crystallites is believed to be passivated mainly by Si–H. Si–H2 and Si–H3 bonds may contribute to the formation of polymeric chains present in the matrix of the films [23]. Consequently, the change in the relative fraction of the Si crystallites can be related to the relative fraction of Si–H bonds, ([Si–H])/[Si–H]( = integer), in the films. The relative fraction of Si–H bonds varied from ~2.7 to ~74.5% with increasing film thickness from 85 to 4150 nm. This concurs with the increase in the relative volume fraction of Si crystallites in the film with increasing thickness. 4.3. Local distribution of Si nanocrystallites The thick film with a thickness of 4150 nm showed local variations in the concentration of Si nanocrystallites, especially with the distance from the film and substrate interface. In particular, the EELS and electron microdiffraction patterns obtained from a region near the interface (P6) showed a small concentration of Si crystallites. Such a lack of crystallites appears to be related to the fact that the film with a thickness of 85 nm was mainly amorphous. On the other hand, the EELS and electron microdiffraction of the middle region (P3 and P4) clearly showed the presence of Si crystallites. This corresponds well to the high concentration of crystallites in the films with a thickness range of 1000~3000 nm. A lower concentration of Si nanocrystallites is expected near the top surface region (P1) of the thick film, which can be attributed to the local distribution of stress within the film. The size and concentration of Si crystallites are influenced significantly by the local distribution of stress within the films. 5. Conclusion The effect of film thickness on the nanostructural, chemical and mechanical features of the nc-Si:H films was investigated. The films were deposited by PECVD at a RF power of 150 W using SiH4 and H2 as the source gases for a deposition time ranging from 10 to 360 min. The mean Si nanocrystallite size in the films increased from ~6 to ~8 nm with increasing film thickness from 260 to 4150 nm. The nanocrystallite volume fraction changed from ~7.5 to ~45%, and the elastic modulus increased from 135 to 147 Gpa. The relative proportion of Si–H bonds in the 4150 nm thick films (deposited at 360 min) was ~74.5%. The formation of Si nanocrystallites is closely related to local chemical bonds as well as to the structural energy state of the films. Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Korea science and engineering foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (no. 2011-0003136). References 1. H. Shirai, T. Arai, and T. Nakamura, “Control of the initial stage of nanocrystallite silicon growth monitored by in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry,” Applied Surface Science, vol. 113-114, pp. 111–115, 1997. View at Scopus 2. J. I. Pankove, M. A. Lampert, and M. L. Tarng, “Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of amorphous and crystalline silicon,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 32, no. 7, pp. 439–441, 1978. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 3. N. Fukata, C. Li, H. Morihiro, K. Murakami, M. Mitome, and Y. Bando, “Hydrogenation effect on enhancement of photoluminescence of Er and Si nanocrystallites in Er-doped SiO2 synthesized by laser ablation,” Applied Physics A, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 395–401, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 4. K. Ensslen and S. 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Wilson, “Scherrer after sixty years: a survey and some new results in the determination of crystallite size,” Journal of Applied Crystallography, vol. 11, pp. 102–113, 1978. 10. D. Han, J. D. Lorentzen, J. Weinberg-Wolf, L. E. McNeil, and Q. Wang, “Raman study of thin films of amorphous-to-microcrystalline silicon prepared by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 2930–2936, 2003. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 11. H. Richter, Z. P. Wang, and L. Ley, “The one phonon Raman spectrum in microcrystalline silicon,” Solid State Communications, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 625–629, 1981. 12. Y. He, C. Yin, G. Cheng, L. Wang, X. Liu, and G. Y. Hu, “The structure and properties of nanosize crystalline silicon films,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 75, no. 2, pp. 797–803, 1994. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 13. H. Xia, Y. L. He, L. C. Wang et al., “Phonon mode study of Si nanocrystals using micro-Raman spectroscopy,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 78, no. 11, pp. 6705–6708, 1995. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 14. D. Beeman, R. Tsu, and M. F. Thorpe, “Structural information from the Raman spectrum of amorphous silicon,” Physical Review B, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 874–878, 1985. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 15. P. Jakob and Y. J. Chabal, “Chemical etching of vicinal Si(111): dependence of the surface structure and the hydrogen termination on the pH of the etching solutions,” The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 2897–2909, 1991. View at Scopus 16. M. H. Brodsky, M. Cardona, and J. J. Cuomo, “Infrared and Raman spectra of the silicon-hydrogen bonds in amorphous silicon prepared by glow discharge and sputtering,” Physical Review B, vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 3556–3571, 1977. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus 17. W. C. 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2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:52:06.000Z	i24nqpszb3kgrsegiy5hw23ojeci4idp	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35940", "uncompressed_offset": 437609220, "url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?363060" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Publication Listing You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed. • Title: Les robots • Authors: Isaac Asimov • Year: 1972-00-00 • Publisher: J'ai Lu • Pub. Series: J'ai Lu - Science Fiction • Pub. Series #: 453 • Pages: 370 • Binding: pb • Type: COLLECTION • Title Reference: Les robots • Cover: Françoise Boudignon • ISFDB Record Number: 363060 • Notes: Probable first printing (december 1972 per catalogue), DL=4th trimester 1972. No price nor ISBN on book. Translated by Pierre Billon. Note that the interstitial material is not entered. • Bibliographic Comments: Add new Publication comment (LSRBTSKKRD1972) Cover art hosted by ISFDB Contents (view Concise Listing) Verification Status Reference Status Primary Verified by Hauck on 2011-10-04 00:21:55 Clute/Nicholls Not Verified Clute/Grant Not Verified Contento1 (anth/coll) Not Verified Locus1 Not Verified Reginald1 Not Verified Reginald3 Not Verified Tuck Not Verified Miller/Contento Not Verified Bleiler1 (Gernsback) Not Verified Currey Not Verified Primary (Transient) Not Verified Bleiler78 Not Verified OCLC/Worldcat Not Verified Primary2 Not Verified Primary3 Not Verified Primary4 Not Verified Primary5 Not Verified Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff. ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:53:51.000Z	3itxldioxqvlie4ccwnxqefthlzhgr5e	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35941", "uncompressed_offset": 437616824, "url": "www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/tag.cgi", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/tag.cgi?741" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Titles Marked with Tag: reference You are not logged in. If you create a free account and sign in, you will be able to customize what is displayed. Users of the Tag: reference Dcarson (2) , Alvonruff (1) , Clarkmci (1) Titles Marked With Tag: reference Copyright (c) 1995-2011 Al von Ruff. ISFDB Engine - Version 4.00 (04/24/06)	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:34:29.000Z	bl5pss55r3cl7zujw55d6igz6wx7ze7p	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35954", "uncompressed_offset": 482441065, "url": "www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/13/2/528", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/13/2/528" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Entropy 2011, 13(2), 528-541; doi:10.3390/e13020528 Article Entangled States in Quantum Cosmology and the Interpretation of Λ 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Compl. Univ. di Monte S. Angelo, Edificio G, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy 2 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy 3 ICRANet and ICRA (International Center of Relativistic Astrophysics Networks), Piazzale della Repubblica 10, I-65122 Pescara, Italy * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Received: 13 December 2010; in revised form: 2 February 2011 / Accepted: 16 February 2011 / Published: 17 February 2011 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy in Quantum Gravity) Download PDF Full-Text [125 KB, Updated Version, uploaded 18 February 2011 08:24 CET] The original version is still available [125 KB, uploaded 17 February 2011 11:42 CET] Abstract: The cosmological constant Λ can be achieved as the result of entangled and statistically correlated minisuperspace cosmological states, built up by using a minimal choice of observable quantities, i.e., Ωm and Ωk, which assign the cosmic dynamics. In particular, we consider a cosmological model where two regions, corresponding to two correlated eras, are involved; the present universe description would be, in this way, given by a density matrix ˆρ, corresponding to an entangled final state. Starting from this assumption, it is possible to infer some considerations on the cosmic thermodynamics by evaluating the Von Neumann entropy. The correlation between different regions by the entanglement phenomenon results in the existence of Λ (in particular ΩΛ) which could be interpreted in the framework of the recent astrophysical observations. As a byproduct, this approach could provide a natural way to solve the so called coincidence problem. Keywords: quantum cosmology; entanglement; cosmological constant Article Statistics Click here to load and display the download statistics. Cite This Article MDPI and ACS Style Capozziello, S.; Luongo, O. Entangled States in Quantum Cosmology and the Interpretation of Λ. Entropy 2011, 13, 528-541. AMA Style Capozziello S, Luongo O. Entangled States in Quantum Cosmology and the Interpretation of Λ. Entropy. 2011; 13(2):528-541. Chicago/Turabian Style Capozziello, Salvatore; Luongo, Orlando. 2011. "Entangled States in Quantum Cosmology and the Interpretation of Λ." Entropy 13, no. 2: 528-541. Entropy EISSN 1099-4300 Published by MDPI AG, Basel, Switzerland RSS E-Mail Table of Contents Alert	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T08:49:07.000Z	gyamxogfpxdieojm375pdaygo5skrr2b	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35967", "uncompressed_offset": 522567604, "url": "www.openwetware.org/index.php?oldid=166295&title=User_talk%3AFrankie_Myers", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.openwetware.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Frankie_Myers&oldid=166295" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	User talk:Frankie Myers From OpenWetWare Revision as of 00:46, 12 November 2007 by Frankie Myers (Talk \| contribs) (diff) ←Older revision \| Current revision (diff) \| Newer revision→ (diff) Jump to: navigation, search Hello, Frankie Myers! This is a welcome message from OpenWetWare. You can leave messages to any OWW member by editing their User_talk pages like this one. And don't forget to personalize your User Page so that we can get to know you better! Personal tools	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:41:59.000Z	ox5mritis6gfjp6u2jfraimhziopoq25	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35968", "uncompressed_offset": 522580981, "url": "www.openwetware.org/wiki/Quint_Lab:ligation_%28sticky_ends%29", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.openwetware.org/wiki/Quint_Lab:ligation_(sticky_ends)" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Quint Lab:ligation (sticky ends) From OpenWetWare Jump to: navigation, search home research people papers teaching join us internal pictures contact ligation ligation mix: • x µl digested vector • y µl PCR fragment or digested insert • 1 µl l0x ligase buffer • 1 µl T4 DNA ligase [3 Weiss U/µl] • up to 10 µl dH2O incubate O/N at 16ºC. in most cases, a 1:1 or a 1:3 ratio work best formular: [(ng vector) x (kb size of insert)] / (kb size of vector) x [molar ratio of (insert/vector)] = ng insert example: 500bp insert to be ligated with 100ng of 3.0kb vector in a 3:1 ratio → [(100ng vector) x (0.5 kb of insert)] / [3.0 kb vector x (3/1)] = 50 ng insert or simply use the vector:insert ratio calculator Personal tools	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T09:00:57.000Z	vkh73bg7djiaytwt4g4vv57nvgd5qldx	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35970", "uncompressed_offset": 532385082, "url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0105%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D26", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0105%3Abook%3D5%3Achapter%3D26" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	26. The same Thucydides of Athens continued the history, following the order of events, which he1 reckoned by summers and winters, up to the destruction of the Athenian empire and the taking of Piraeus and the Long Walls by the Lacedaemonians and their allies. Altogether the war lasted twenty-seven years, for if which the truce continued should be excluded, he is mistaken. [2] If he have regard to the facts of the case, he will see that the term 'peace' can hardly be applied to a state of things in which neither party gave back or received all the places stipulated; moreover in the Mantinean and Epidaurian wars and in other matters there were violations of the treaty on both sides; the Chalcidian allies maintained their attitude of hostility towards Athens, and the Boeotians merely observed an armistice terminable at ten days' notice. [3] So that, including the first ten years' war, the doubtful truce which followed, and the war which followed that, he who reckons up the actual periods of time will find that I have rightly given the exact number of years with the difference only of a few days. He will also find that this was the solitary instance in which those who put their faith in oracles were justified by the event. [4] For I well remember how, from the beginning to the end of the war, there was a common and oftenrepeated saying that it was to last thrice nine years. [5] I lived through the whole of it, being of mature years and judgment, and I took great pains to make out the exact truth. For twenty years I was banished from my country after I held the command at Amphipolis, and associating with both sides, with the Peloponnesians quite as much as with the Athenians, because of my exile, I was thus enabled to watch quietly the course of events. [6] I will now proceed to narrate the quarrels which after the first ten years broke up the treaty, and the events of the war which followed. 1 The peace was merely nominal, and may fairly be reckoned in the twenty-seven years' war. The prediction of 'thrice nine years' was the only oracle which was verified by the event. I myself lived through the whole war, and being for twenty years in banishment had the opportunity of knowing both sides. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system. load focus Notes (Harold North Fowler) load focus Notes (C.E. Graves, 1891) load focus English (1910) load focus Greek (1942) load focus English (Thomas Hobbes, 1843) hide References (66 total) hideData/Identifiers Citation URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2:5.26 Document URN: urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-eng2 hide Display Preferences Greek Display: Arabic Display: View by Default: Browse Bar:	v0
2024-06-03T21:29:49.458Z	2013-05-18T07:48:42.000Z	p7gef4jeekigcmugejoatqj6g2suxi7q	{ "content_type": "text/html", "provenance": "cccc-CC-MAIN-2013-20-0000.json.gz:35972", "uncompressed_offset": 532419660, "url": "www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Aabo%3Aphi%2C0914%2C00129%3A18%3A4", "warc_date": "2013-11-22T19:23:51.000Z", "warc_filename": "<urn:uuid:7e456d6f-9416-4fee-ba6f-dc7290ad0409>", "warc_url": "http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:phi,0914,00129:18:4" }	cccc_CC-MAIN-2013-20	Click on a word to bring up parses, dictionary entries, and frequency statistics This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system. load focus Summary (Latin, Frank Gardener Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University, 1949) load focus Summary (Latin, W. Weissenborn, H. J. Müller, 1884) load focus Summary (English, Frank Gardener Moore, Professor Emeritus in Columbia University, 1949) load focus Latin (Robert Seymour Conway, Stephen Keymer Johnson, 1935) hide References (2 total) • Cross-references in general dictionaries to this page (2): load Vocabulary Tool hide Display Preferences Greek Display: Arabic Display: View by Default: Browse Bar:	v0

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