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int64 | grad_acc_step
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31 | 2 | 0 |
صفحه کار برای سازماندهی بازخورد تیم شما در دسته های مناسب در طول جلسه مفید خواهد بود. به عنوان مثال ، صفحه کار شما باید شامل بخشی برای موفقیت ها ، شکست ها ، موانع و راه حل ها باشد. نحوه اجرای یک جلسه تولید پس از مرگ پروژه سازنده 1 مراحل پس از مرگ را بخشی استاندارد از روند تیم خود قرار دهید. جلسات پس از مرگ باید یک قسمت اساسی از روند تیم شما باشد – برای پروژه های بزرگ و پروژه های کوچکتر. اکثر تیم ها آنها را برای پروژه های بزرگتر با تاریخ شروع و پایان قطعی اجرا می کنند ، اما می توانند برای پروژه های در مقیاس کوچکتر یا حتی در حال اجرا به همان اندازه مفید باشند. حتی اگر “post-mortem” به معنای واقعی کلمه به معنای پس از مرگ است ، تیم شما نیازی به انتظار برای پایان یک پروژه طولانی مدت ندارد تا از ارزیابی گذشته نگر ارزش کسب کند. همانطور که در حال انجام برنامه زمان بندی یک پروژه در مرحله شروع هستید ، مینی پس از مرگ را در مراحل مهم وارد کنید. این بررسی های نبض به تیم شما این فرصت را می دهد تا درک بهتری از پیشرفت پروژه داشته باشد – و امیدوارم موارد احتمالی را قبل از آسیب دائمی شناسایی کنید. وقتی پروژه رسماً به پایان رسید ، برای تعیین آخرین مرحله پس از مرگ خیلی منتظر نباشید ، در غیر اینصورت افراد از نظر ذهنی حرکت خواهند کرد. در واقع ، شما باید پس از مرگ را هنگام تهیه کامل برنامه ، برنامه ریزی کنید ، بنابراین همه می دانند که این قسمت مورد انتظار برای پایان پروژه است. 2. قبل از جلسه واقعی یک پرسشنامه پس از مرگ ارسال کنید. جلسه نباید بیش از یک ساعت برنامه ریزی شود. هرکسی فرصتی برای صحبت ندارد و برخی از موضوعات کوچکتر (اما همچنان مهم) ممکن است زمان زیادی برای بحث نداشته باشند. و صادقانه بگویم ، همه راحت نیستند که در این نوع انجمن صحبت کنند. استفاده از پرسشنامه قبل از جلسه به این معنی است که همه اعضای تیم شما از فرصت برابر برای به اشتراک گذاشتن عقاید خود برخوردار هستند و هیچ جزئیات سرگردان زیر رادار پرواز نمی کنند. این پرسشنامه همچنین فرصتی را برای افراد فراهم می کند تا قبل از جلسه خود را سازماندهی کنند. مردم می توانند در مورد چرایی اتفاقات خاصی رخ داده (یا اتفاق نیفتاده اند) تحقیق کنند ، بنابراین می توانند دلایل و راه حل های بالقوه ای را برای جلسه به همراه داشته باشند – نه فقط اشتباه قدم ها یا نظریه های عجولانه فرمول بندی شده. به عنوان مثال ، اگر پروژه ای نیاز داشت که افراد خلاق در تیم شما به صورت شبانه روزی کار کنند تا محصولات خود را به موقع انجام دهند ، چرا این اتفاق افتاد؟ آیا جدول زمانی پروژه بد تنظیم شده است؟ آیا افراد بی تجربه به وظایف اشتباه واگذار شده اند؟ پاسخ های پرسشنامه باید دستور جلسه جلسه پس از مرگ را متمرکز کند ، و بحث را روی موضوعاتی متمرکز کنید که بیشترین تأثیر را داشته باشند. با این حال ، این پرسشنامه همچنین به این معنی است که موارد “کوچکتر” در روند کامل پس از مرگ نادیده گرفته نمی شوند. 3 برای ادامه جلسه یک ناظر را انتخاب کنید. هدف یک پروژه پس از مرگ ارزیابی سازنده است که تیم پروژه به نتیجه رسانده است و آنچه که می توان بهتر انجام داد. برای اینکه این بحث مثمر ثمر باشد ، کسی باید گفتگو را مدن ، متمرکز و رو به جلو حفظ کند. اینجا جایی است که مجری جلسه وارد می شود. قبل از جلسه حضوری مجری ایجاد کنید که می تواند در دستور کار قرار بگیرد و در صورت خارج شدن از کنترل بحث را رهبری کند. مجری لازم نیست مدیر پروژه یا عضوی از تیم رهبری شما باشد ، آنها فقط باید راحت مسئولیت خود را بر عهده بگیرند. 4 یک دستور کار مشخص تنظیم کنید. با جزییات زیادی که باید در مدت زمان کوتاهی پوشش داده شود ، دور شدن از مسیر خارج از جلسات پس از مرگ آسان است. با ایجاد یک دستور کار مشخص جلسه از قبل کمک کنید تا بحث را کنترل کنید: با جمع بندی از اهداف اصلی پروژه شروع کنید ، و به طور خلاصه اهداف و معیارهای تعیین شده در زمان شروع را مرور کنید. این قسمت نباید بیش از پنج دقیقه باشد و باید به عنوان یک تجدید نظر سریع در مورد کاری که تیم شما در نظر دارد انجام شود. نتایج را به طور خلاصه مرور کنید. هنگامی که اهداف و اهداف اصلی را پشت سر گذاشتید ، برای بررسی نتایج نهایی پروژه چند دقیقه وقت بگذارید. این باید یک ارزیابی مستقیم باشد که آیا این پروژه برای موفقیت به معیارهای تیم شما رسیده است یا نه. آیا به اهدافی که برای رسیدن به آن تعیین کرده اید برخورد کرده اید؟ در ماندن چرا یا چرا آنها> اکنون زمان آن است که بررسی کنیم چرا این پروژه به همان روش پایان یافته و احساس اعضای تیم نسبت به آن انجام شده است. این بحث باید بیشتر قسمت جلسه را به خود اختصاص دهد. ما در این بخش نحوه ساختاردهی از آزمون شما را توضیح داده ایم [پرش به قسمت آخر]. 5. حتماً حلقه را ببندید. جلسه پس از مرگ فقط یک مرحله از مراحل پس از مرگ است. نتیجه نهایی پرسشنامه و جلسه باید یک سند پس از مرگ باشد که در آن نتیجه گیری از تحقیق و اقدامات عملی برای آینده مشخص شده باشد. و این پرسش فقط در مورد آنچه خوب یا بد پیش رفته نیست ، بلکه چه چیزی برای آینده تغییر خواهد کرد ، و چگونه؟ چه چیزی باعث موفقیت بزرگی در اینجا شده است که می توانیم آن را در پروژه های دیگر بطری کرده و استفاده کنیم؟ سند جمع بندی پس از مرگ را برای شرکت کنندگان در دسترس قرار دهید تا از سیستم خارج شوید. سپس مجموعه کارهای مربوط به بخشهای مختلف را برای همه در اختیار دیگران قرار دهید. س Quesالات پروژه پس از مرگ - س questionsالات کمی برای ارزیابی اجرای پروژه. - سوالات کیفی برای فراتر رفتن از داده ها است. - سوالات ذهنی برای درک چشم انداز کارمندان. - س questionsالات کمی برای ارزیابی اجرای پروژه. - سوالات کیفی برای فراتر رفتن از داده ها است. - سوالات ذهنی برای درک چشم انداز کارمندان. بنابراین دقیقاً چه مواردی را باید پس از مرگ بررسی کرد؟ چند مقطع مختلف برای تنظیم پرسش شما وجود دارد. دسته بندی اصلی پرسش ، برنامه ریزی ، اجرا ، نتایج و ارتباطات است. در هر دسته ، باید س کمی ، کیفی و ذهنی را بپرسید: س Quesالات کمی برای ارزیابی اجرای پروژه. اینها س standardالات استاندارد بله یا خیر شما هستند. - آیا مهلت های تعیین شده رعایت شده یا از قلم افتاده اند؟ - آیا ما کلیه محصولات قابل ارائه را که در محدوده پروژه ذکر شده ارائه دادیم؟ - آیا معیارهای موفقیت از پیش تعریف شده حاصل شده است؟ - آیا روند کار و فرآیند های کلی مشخص شده است؟ - آیا بودجه ای بیش از حد بود؟ وقتی از این منظر به پروژه نگاه می کنید ، یک سوال اساسی اساسی همیشه این است: آیا طرح خوب بود؟ آیا ما برنامه را دنبال کردیم؟ آیا طرح بد بود؟ چرا؟ سرانجام تمام س questionsالات کمی که می پرسید باید به این موضوع اصلی بازگردند. سوالات کیفی برای فراتر رفتن از داده ها. این س questionsالات باز باید پروژه را فراتر از داده های سخت و برنامه ریزی ارزیابی کنند. - آیا ما با استانداردهای بالایی که انتظار داریم مشتری و مشتری خودمان کار کردیم؟ - آیا مشتری موافقت می کند؟ - آیا مردم احساس می کردند منابع ، اطلاعات و پشتیبانی مورد نیاز برای انجام وظایف خود را دارند؟ - آیا معیارهای تبلیغات انتخاباتی یا انتظارات وظیفه ضعیف تعریف شده یا ابلاغ شده است؟ در هر دو پرسش کمی و کیفی ، درمورد اینکه چه چیزی خوب کار کرده و چه نتیجه ای ندارد ، مشخص کنید. به عنوان مثال ، آیا شما موعد تحویل مشتری برای اشتراک گذاری اشخاص خود داشتید ، اما زمان بررسی داخلی ندارید؟ شاید مشتری آنها را به موقع ارسال کرده باشد (طبق برنامه پروژه) ، اما آنها برای نیازهای پروژه کافی نیستند. یا آیا عدم نظارت توسط مدیر حساب منجر به هزینه بیش از حد مدیر جدید کمپین PPC در برابر بودجه تبلیغات مشتری شده است؟ ورود به جزئیات به شناسایی ریشه مسائل کمک می کند. سوالات ذهنی برای درک چشم انداز کارکنان س questionsالات ذهنی به ارزیابی احساس اعضای تیم شما کمک می کند و می تواند به رهبری کمک کند علائم نگران کننده فرسودگی و خستگی را زود تشخیص دهد. این س questionsالات همچنین به رهبران اجازه می دهد تا بدانند که چه فرایندهایی با تیم آنها بهتر کار کرده و به آنها در برنامه ریزی پروژه های آینده کمک می کند - مردم از این پروژه بیشترین و کمترین لذت را می بردند؟ - کار با مشتری چگونه بود؟ - آنها در آینده چه تغییری در این نوع پروژه ایجاد می کنند؟ - چگونه می توان در آینده کار با این مشتری یا در بین بخشهای خاصی روانتر پیش رفت؟ - آیا می خواهید دوباره روی نوع مشابه پروژه کار کنید؟ اگر نه ، چرا که نه؟ یک جلسه پس از مرگ به تیم شما کمک می کند تا روند شما را به طور مستمر بهبود بخشد. بخاطر داشته باشید ، پس از مرگ که تاثیری در اقدامات آینده ندارد ، اتلاف وقت است. با توجه به این نکته ، اطمینان حاصل کنید که بینش خود را دنبال کنید تا در پروژه های بعدی نتایج بیشتری کسب کنید. یادداشت سردبیر: این پست در اصل در مه 2016 منتشر شد و برای جامعیت به روز شده است. جایزه اسکار 'همشهری کین' به فروش رفت جایزه اسکاری که اورسن ولز در سال ۱۹۴۲ برای فیلمنامه همشهری کین از آن خود کرده بود، در یک حراجی در کالیفرنیا به قیمتی معادل ۵۴۹،۷۲۱ پوند فروش رفت. فیلم نامه فیلم همشهری کین که یکی از بزرگترین فیلم های تاریخ سینما به شمار می رود، توسط اورسن ولز نوشته شده بود و خود او هم کارگردانی فیلم را به عهده داشت و در آن بازی کرد. با اینکه این فیلم در نه رشته مختلف نامزد دریافت جایزه اسکار شده بود، این جایزه تنها به فیلمنامه آن تعلق گرفت. پیش بینی شده بود که تندیس اسکار این فیلم تا یک میلیون دلار به فروش برود. این اولین بار نیست که این مجسمه به حراج گذاشته می شد. اورسن ولز در زمان حیات خود فکر می کرد که جایزه اسکارش را گم کرده، اما بعد از مرگ او، در سال ۱۹۹۴ یک فیلمبردار آن را به حراج گذاشت و مدعی شد که آن را به ازای دستمزد از ولز دریافت کرده است. دختر اورسن ولز از این فرد شکایت کرد و بالاخره مالک این مجسمه طلایی شد. وقتی بئاتریس دختر آقای ولز تلاش کرد این مجسمه را در سال ۲۰۰۳ به حراج بگذارد، آکادمی علوم و هنرهای سینمای آمریکا، با استناد به اینکه این آکادمی در سال ۱۹۵۰ اعلام کرده بود که هیچ یک از برندگان این جایزه حق ندارند آن را به شخص حقیقی یا حقوقی دیگری به غیر از آکادمی اسکار بفروشند، از دختر آقای ولز شکایت کرد. با این همه بئاتریس بالاخره به طور قانونی اجازه یافت که این مجسمه را بفروشد. خریدار آن یک موسسه خیریه بود که در سال ۲۰۰۷ تلاش کرد آن را در ساتبی به حراج بگذارد، اما موفق نشد. دست اندر کاران حراجی نیت دی ساندرز که این مجسمه طلایی در آن به حراج گذاشته شد، پیش از فروش آن گفته بودند "برای فروش آن، زمان خوبی است چون مردم این روزها برای این چیزها بیشتر پول خرج می کنند." Ağustos ayında 81'inci yaşgününü kutlayacak olan Küba lideri, yaklaşık bir saat süren mülakat sırasında zayıf ancak sağlıklı göründü. Nekahat sürecinin henüz tamamlanmadığının ipuçlarını da verirken, ''insan sağlığının her zaman risklerle karşı karşıya olduğunu, ama kendisinin de yapılması gereken herşeyi yerine getirdiğini'' söyledi. Sağlığının yakından, hatta ABD tarafından bile izlendiğini vurgularken, ''Uydularıyla eve kimin girip çıktığını görebilirler.'' dedi. Küba'da devlete bağlı yayın kuruluşları, Castro mülakatının ''ilgiyle beklenen konuları da içereceğini'' duyurmuş, bu haberler Castro'nun görevi devralacağını açıklayacağı söylentilerine neden olmuştu. You and your doctor choose a cancer treatment plan based on a number of factors, such as your overall health, the type and stage of your cancer, and your preferences. Options typically include one or more treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or targeted drug therapy. In some cases you may choose not to undergo treatment. For instance, you may feel that the side effects of treatment will outweigh the potential benefits. When that's the case, your doctor may suggest comfort care to treat only the symptoms the cancer is causing, such as pain or shortness of breath. During surgery your surgeon works to remove the lung cancer and a margin of healthy tissue. Procedures to remove lung cancer include: - Wedge resection to remove a small section of lung that contains the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue - Segmental resection to remove a larger portion of lung, but not an entire lobe - Lobectomy to remove the entire lobe of one lung - Pneumonectomy to remove an entire lung If you undergo surgery, your surgeon may also remove lymph nodes from your chest in order to check them for signs of cancer. Lung cancer surgery carries risks, including bleeding and infection. Expect to feel short of breath after lung surgery. If a portion of your lung is removed, your remaining lung tissue will expand over time and make it easier to breathe. Your doctor may recommend a respiratory therapist who can guide you through breathing exercises to aid in your recovery. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. One or more chemotherapy drugs may be given through a vein in your arm (intravenously) or taken orally. A combination of drugs usually is given in a series of treatments over a period of weeks or months, with breaks in between so that you can recover. Chemotherapy is often used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that may remain. It may also be used before surgery to shrink cancers and make them easier to remove. In some cases, chemotherapy can be used to relieve pain and other symptoms of advanced cancer. Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy beams, such as X-rays, to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be directed at your lung cancer from outside your body (external beam radiation) or it can be put inside needles, seeds or catheters and placed inside your body near the cancer (brachytherapy). Radiation therapy can be used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that may remain. It may
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شان نمی دانند... کاملا همین است. در کتاب هم گفته ام که فوتبالی می توانند خیلی راحت از امجدیه دهه ۵۰ بروند به ورزشگاه آزادی دهه ۷۰ و برگردند به بازیهای ملی و باشگاهی و شهرهای مختلفی که تیم محبوبشان یا یک تیم رفته، مثلا از تهران بروید انزلی و از انزلی بروید اصفهان و از اصفهان بروید ورزشگاه ملبورن و بازی ایران و استرالیا سال ۷۶ و از ملبورن بروید جام جهانی ۱۹۹۸ فرانسه... این یک نوع مالیخولیای گیج کننده لذت بخش است. نمی شود توضیح داد که چرا صحنه های فوتبالی به یکباره وسط کار، مراسم عزاداری، عروسی، توی تاکسی، ماشین و اتوبوس و هواپیما به شما حمله می کند. آدم دنبال صحنه ها را می گیرد و نمی داند به کجا می رسد. نمی شود توصیف کرد. نه واقعیت است و نه غیرواقعیت.من هم همه این صحنه ها را در ۴ دهه نوشته ام. صحنه هایی که به من هجوم آورده اند، می آورند و خواهند آورد. یک جمله در مقدمه کتاب نوشته اید، اینکه جهان هر کس را خودش با ذهن جاری اش می آفریند. با استدلال همین جمله کتاب را نوشته اید. نگاه مجازی است اما واقعیت دارد. این که توانسته اید با همه جزئیات را شامل گل زدن ها، شیرجه زدن ها و درگیری ها و خلاصه همه چیز را مرور کنید ماجرا را جذاب تر کرده است. فوتبالی ها با لحظه ها و صحنه هایی که دوست دارند زندگی می کنند و فراموش می کنند. از لحظه های شیرین تا لحظه های دراماتیک. شاید هم آن لحظه ها دراماتیک و شیرین هم نباشند، اما می آیند و می روند. کاری هم از دست شما برنمی آید. من همه این لحظه ها را نوشته ام در ۴ دهه فوتبال ایران. شما حتی از لحظه های امضا گرفتن از بازیکنان آن روزها و یا حتی جزئیات دیدار با بازیکنان هم نوشته اید. از لحظه های عکاسی با دوربین های ابتدایی و بعد هم فیلمبرداری با دوربین های ۸ میلیمتری. از صحافی کردن دنیای ورزش و کیهان ورزش که من می دانم همه آنها را هنوز دارید. اینها هم به کمک شما برای نوشتن آمدند؟ بله که آمدند. من همه اینها را با خودم دارم. همه را با خودم به کول کشیدم. در هر نقل و انتقال از یک خانه به خانه دیگری. از یک انباری به انباری دیگر. من واقعا می توانم بگویم جان کنده ام که این خاطرات را ثبت و ضبط کنم. می توانم بگویم که آنها می خواهند من را رها کنند اما من نمی توانم رهایشان کنم. به اینها چسبیده ام. خیلی ها می خواهند گذشته شان را فراموش کنند حالا چه خوب و چه بد، اما مثل اینکه فوتبالی ها نمی توانند... فوتبالی ها مقاومت می کنند، گذشته گرا هستند و به گذشته نگاه می کنند همانقدر که به آینده نگاه می کنند، به بازیهای بعدی، به سالهای بعدتر. فوتبالی ها وقتی ورزشگاه می روند حتی اگر هم تیمشان بازنده شود نمی گویند که وقتشان را تلف کرده اند. شاید می توانستند کارهای بهتر و مفیدتری کنند اما هرگز نمی گویند بیخود و بی جهت به ورزشگاه رفته اند. یک نوع شیفتگی خاص است. همین شیفتگی است که ملت پس از بازیهای مهم مقابل استرالیا چه قبل و چه بعد از انقلاب که منجر به رفتن به جام جهانی شد یا بازی مقابل آمریکا در جام جهانی فرانسه و یا صعود تیم ملی به جام جهانی ۲۰۰۶ آلمان به خیابانها می ریزند و جشن می گیرند. صحنه هایی که شما در کتاب خیلی خوب روایت کرده اید. فوتبال یعنی دنیای کوچک شده جامعه. در کتاب هم نوشته ام. این اتفاقات با بی برنامگی و خودانگیختگی و بی تکلفی افتاده است و چه بهتر که برنامه ریزی وجود نداشته و چه غیر منتظره تر که خودجوش بوده و چه دلپذیرتر که تکلیف و تکلفی در کار نبوده است. سطرهایی که نوشته ام تلاشی برای ثبت اتفاقات بزرگ و کوچک بوده است که من در آنها و اطراف آنها بوده ام. نگاه کرده ام و پرسه زده ام و تاثیرگذار بوده اند. چرا به اتفاقات دهه ۸۰ فوتبال ایران هیچ اشاره ای نکرده اید؟ هنوز به اندازه کافی از دهه ۸۰ فاصله نگرفته ایم. هنوز هم با خیلی ها تعارف دارم. یادآوری بی دغدغه خاطره ها و تاریخ هر عصر و دوره معمولا پس از دور شدن از آن دوره امکان پذیر می شود. سوال آخر، کتاب چرا تصویر ندارد، جای تصاویر خالی به نظر می رسد، این کار عمدی بوده و چون کتاب روایی بوده خواسته اید همه با خواندن تصاویر را در ذهنشان مرور کنند؟ یا اینکه دلیل دیگری داشته؟ برای ما نسل سومی ها که دهه های ۴۰ و ۵۰ و حتی اوایل دهه ۶۰ را ندیده ایم، تصاویر می توانست کمک حال باشد... مشکلات چاپ تصاویر با کیفیت خوب داشتیم و تعداد صفحات را بالاتر می برد و با توجه به مشکلات کاغذ کل قیمت کتاب را هم بالاتر می برد. همین الان ۱۹۰۰۰ تومان قیمت کمی نیست و شاید خیلی ها و مخصوصا جوان ها نتوانند آن را بخرند. من حتی عکسهای زیادی از عکاسان ورزشی هر دوره گرفته بودم وقرار بود چاپ شود که امکانش فراهم نشد. Astroloji, insanların kişiliklerini ve davranışlarını tahmin etmek için kullanılan bir sistemdir. Burçlar, astrolojinin temelini oluşturur ve her burç, kendine özgü bir takım özelliklere sahiptir. Astrolojiye göre, bazı burçlar diğerlerinden daha tatlı olma eğilimindedirler. Bu burçlar, genellikle sevgi dolu, şefkatli ve yardımsever oldukları için, olumlu duyguları daha yoğun olarak yaşarlar. En tatlı burçlar Astrolojiye göre, en tatlı burçlar şunlardır: - Terazi: Terazi burcu, adil, diplomatik ve uyumlu bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle anlayışlı, hoşgörülü ve yardımsever olarak görülür. Terazi burçları, genellikle başkalarının duygularını önemserler ve bu nedenle, onları mutlu etmek için ellerinden geleni yaparlar. - Yay: Yay burcu, özgür ruhlu, entelektüel ve maceracı bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle eğlenceli, cana yakın ve arkadaş canlısı olarak görülür. Yay burçları, genellikle yeni şeyler öğrenmeyi ve deneyimlemeyi severler ve bu nedenle, her zaman yeni insanlarla tanışmak ve yeni arkadaşlar edinmek isterler. - Kova: Kova burcu, bağımsız, yenilikçi ve idealist bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle zeki, yaratıcı ve yardımsever olarak görülür. Kova burçları, genellikle insanlığa faydalı olmak isterler ve bu nedenle, sosyal sorumluluk projelerine katılmaktan çekinmezler. Bu burçların tatlı olmasının nedenleri Bu burçların tatlı olmasının nedenleri, burçlara atfedilen olumlu özelliklerle ilgilidir. Örneğin, terazi burçları, adalet ve uyum duygusu nedeniyle tatlı olabilirler. Yay burçları, özgürlük ve macera sevgisi nedeniyle tatlı olabilirler. Kova burçları ise, insanlık sevgisi ve yardımseverlik eğilimi nedeniyle tatlı olabilirler. Elbette, bu burçların tüm üyeleri bu özelliklerle uyumlu değildir. Ancak, bu özellikler, bu burçların genel algısını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Tatlı olmayı nasıl geliştirebilirsiniz? Herkes zaman zaman tatlı olabilir. Ancak, tatlı olmayı geliştirmek için bazı ipuçları şunlardır: - Diğerlerinin duygularını önemseyin. Başkalarının duygularını anlamaya ve önemsemeye çalışın. - Yardımsever olun. Başkalarına yardım etmek için elinizden geleni yapın. - Sevgi dolu olun. Sevdiklerinize sevginizi gösterin. Tatlı olmak, hem kendiniz hem de başkaları için faydalı bir özelliktir. Tatlı olmayı geliştirerek, daha mutlu ve tatmin edici bir yaşam sürebilirsiniz. Che - Yakalanışı ve öldürülüşü Bir muhbir Guevara'nın gerilla kampının yerini Bolivya Özel Harekât Birliği'ne bildirdi. 8 Ekim'de kamp kuşatıldı ve Guevara, Simeón Cuba Sarabia ile birlikte Quebrada del Yuro kanyonunda devriye gezerken yakalandı. Ayaklarından yaralandıktan ve silahı bir mermiyle harap edildikten sonra teslim oldu. (Tabancasında açıklanamaz bir şekilde şarjör bulunmuyordu.) Yakalandığı sırada orada bulunan askerlerin bazılarına göre Guevara bağırarak "Ateş etmeyin! Ben Che Guevara'yım ve canlı olarak daha değerliyim" demiştir. Barrientos, Guevara'nın yakalandığını öğrenir öğrenmez hemen öldürülmesini emretmiştir. Guevara yakın bir köy olan La Higuera'daki köhne bir okula götürülmüş ve geceyi orada geçirmiş, ertesi gün öğleden sonra öldürülmüştür. Celladı, Bolivya ordusunda çavuş olan ve Guevara'yı vurması kura sonucu saptanan Mario Terán'dır. Çarpışmada öldüğü izlenimi vermek ve yüzünden isabet almayarak tanınmasını kolaylaştırmak için ayaklarına defalarca ateş edilmiştir. |Che'nin öldürülmesinden sonra çekilmiş olan bu fotoğrafları San Ernesto de La Higuera ve | El Cristo de Vallegrande (Vallegrande İsası)nın efsane olarak doğmasına da neden olmuş, İsa'nın çarmıhtan indirildikten sonraki görüntüleriyle büyük benzerlik bulunmuştur. Guevara'yı Bolivya'da takip etmekten sorumlu olan, Félix Rodríguez adındaki CIA ajanıydı. Bu ajan daha önce Escambray Dağları'ndaki isyancılarla ve Havana'daki Castro karşıtı gizli gruplarla bağlantı kurmak için Domuzlar Körfezi istilası öncesi gizlice Küba'ya sızmış, istiladan sonra da başarılı bir şekilde geri çıkarılmıştı. Guevara'nın yakalanışını duyan Rodríguez, değişik Güney Amerika ülkelerindeki CIA istasyonları yoluyla Langley, Virginia'daki CIA merkezine bu bilgiyi iletmiştir. Rodríguez, Guevara'nın Rolex saati ve başka bazı kişisel eşyasını almış ve sonraki yıllarda bunları gururla röportaj yaptığı gazetecilere göstermiştir. İçlerinde el feneri de bulunan bu eşyalardan bir kısmı CIA'de sergilenmektedir. 15 Ekim'de Castro, Guevara'nın öldüğünü kabul eder ve tüm Küba'da üç günlük yas ilan eder. Guevara'nın ölümü Latin Amerika'daki ve üçüncü dünya ülkelerindeki sosyalist devrimci hareketlere indirilmiş ağır bir darbe olarak kabul edilir. 1997 yılında Guevara'nın elleri olmayan cesedinden kalan kemikler Vallegrande yakınlarındaki bir uçak pistinin altından kazılarak çıkarılmış, DNA testiyle kimliği tespit edilmiş ve Küba'ya geri getirilmiştir. 17 Ekim 1997'de cesedinden kalanlar, Bolivya'daki gerilla harekâtı sırasında ölen yoldaşlarından altısıyla birlikte, 39 yıl önce Küba Devrimi'nin başarısını belirleyen savaşı kazandığı Santa Clara'da özel olarak hazırlanmış anıt mezara askerî törenle gömülmüştür. Gerillalar ile bağlantılı bir başka olay da Régis Debray'nin tutuklanması ve duruşmasıdır: Nisan 1967'de hükümet güçleri Ecole Normale Supérieure'de Marksist filozof Louis Althusser'den ders almış ve Havana Üniversitesi'nde felsefe profesörlüğü yapan genç Fransız vatandaşı Debray'yi yakalar ve gerillalarla işbirliği yapmakla suçlar. Debray, muhabir olarak çalıştığını ve iki yıl önce gizemli bir şekilde ortadan kaybolan Gueavara'nın gerillalara liderlik ettiğini söyler. Uluslararası ilgi kazanan Debray'nin davası Ekim ayı başlarındaydı. Bolivya yetkilileri 11 Ekim'de Guevara'nın iki gün önce hükümet kuvvetleriyle girmiş olduğu çatışma sonucu vurularak öldüğü yolunda (yalan) açıklama yapar. | Sonraki sayfa: Bolivya günlüğü | Yorumlar - Yorum Yaz Math is usually taught using a lot of words. But, is this the way the human brain learns math? We studied how math is related to memory, intelligence, and reading in 7-year-old children. We found that memory for visual information (things you can see) and spatial information (where things are located in relationship to each other) is related to math skills more than memory for words and verbal information. Interestingly, previous studies have found that building Lego models (construction play) by following instructions is related to math skills. This study found that the relationship between construction play and math is influenced by memory for visual and spatial information. The results of this study make us wonder if building Lego models could improve the brain processes needed for learning math! Why We Did the Study To answer the question “How is building Lego models related to math skills?” we first need to figure out which brain processes are involved in learning math. We do this by testing if certain skills and abilities like general intelligence and memory are related to how well children do in math. These skills and abilities are called variables because they change based on their relationship with each other. For example, we expect children with higher levels of general intelligence and memory to do better at math, than children with lower levels. The variables we tested were different types of memory (please see Box 1) and general intelligence in 7-year-old children, and we compared their relationship to math and reading. Box 1. Different Types of Memory Memory is a very large topic, and researchers divide the topic of memory to make it easier to study. There is long-term memory, short-term memory, and working memory. Long-term memory allows you to remember information for some time—for a few minutes, or for your whole life. For example, if you are divided into groups and are given a number, you will remember your group number for the entire activity. Or, you will remember your name for a lifetime. Short-term memory stores immediate information and is erased in less than a minute. For example, if someone tells you a phone number and you dial it immediately and then forget it. It is more difficult to dial a phone number if a person tells you the whole phone number at once, as opposed to telling you the number in bits and pieces. When you work with short-term memory, it is called working memory. For example, when you read a sentence, you need to remember the first words in the sentence until you finish reading the end of the sentence. Or else, the sentence will not make any sense! Some researchers divide short-term memory into verbal memory and visuospatial memory . Verbal memory stores information that is in words and is heard. Visuospatial memory stores information on shapes, colors, and locations and can be seen. When you work with verbal or visuospatial short-term memory, it is called verbal working memory (for example: remembering an entire sentence) or visuospatial working memory (for example: remembering directions given on a map). After discovering the brain processes involved in learning math, we need to find out whether building Lego models is related to learning math and how. Building Lego models, using wooden blocks, sand, and other such toys and equipment to create something is called construction play. While previous studies have found a relationship between construction play and math, these studies do not tell us the brain processes involved in how construction play and math are related. We tested whether the variables of memory and intelligence are the brain processes involved in the relationship between math and construction play. The first section of this article explains what researchers already know about math and construction play. The second section explains how we tested math, reading, memory, and intelligence. The third section explains what we found, and finally we discuss what our findings mean to children, students, and teachers of math. What Researchers Already Know Previous studies have tested the relationship between construction play and math skills. One study found that teenagers who built taller block models had better math skills than teenagers whose block models tumbled at a shorter height . Another study found that 3-year-old children who could correctly build a block model by following instructions had better math skills . One more study found that children who built complicated models when
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Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 12: CD009138. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009138.pub2. PMID 23235671. - Ernst E; Rand JI; Barnes J; Stevinson C (1998). "Adverse effects profile of the herbal antidepressant St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.)". European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 54 (8): 589–94. doi:10.1007/s002280050519. PMID 9860144. Collectively, the data suggest that hypericum is well tolerated, with an incidence of adverse reactions similar to that of placebo. - "National Institute for Complementary and Integrative Health: St. John's Wort". Retrieved 5 February 2015. - "Post-marketing safety information: St. John's wort". Retrieved 5 February 2015. - Cooney G, Dwan K, Greig C, Lawlor D, Rimer J, Waugh F et al. (2013). "Exercise for depression". Cochrane Database Syst Rev 9: CD004366. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004366.pub6. PMID 24026850. Exercise is moderately more effective than a control intervention for reducing symptoms of depression, but analysis of methodologically robust trials only shows a smaller effect in favour of exercise. When compared to psychological or pharmacological therapies, exercise appears to be no more effective, though this conclusion is based on a few small trials. - Mura G, Moro M, Patten S, Carta M (2014). "Exercise as an add-on strategy for the treatment of major depressive disorder: a systematic review". CNS Spectr 19 (6): 496–508. doi:10.1017/S1092852913000953. PMID 24589012. Considered overall, the studies included in the present review showed a strong effectiveness of exercise combined with antidepressants. ... Conclusions This is the first review to have focused on exercise as an add-on strategy in the treatment of MDD. Our findings corroborate some previous observations that were based on few studies and which were difficult to generalize.41,51,73,92,93 Given the results of the present article, it seems that exercise might be an effective strategy to enhance the antidepressant effect of medication treatments. Moreover, we hypothesize that the main role of exercise on treatment-resistant depression is in inducing neurogenesis by increasing BDNF expression, as was demonstrated by several recent studies. - Josefsson T, Lindwall M, Archer T (2014). "Physical exercise intervention in depressive disorders: meta-analysis and systematic review". Scand J Med Sci Sports 24 (2): 259–272. doi:10.1111/sms.12050. PMID 23362828. Physical activity has also become increasingly and firmly associated with improvements in mental health and psychological well-being (Mutrie, 2000; Landers & Arent, 2007). In particular, exercise is believed to be effective in preventing depression and also to significantly reduce depressive symptoms in clinical as well as in nonclinical populations (O’Neal et al., 2000; Landers & Arent, 2007). Several correlational studies show that exercise is negatively related to depressive symptoms (e.g., Galper et al., 2006; Hassmén et al., 2000). Moreover, a considerably large number of intervention studies have by now investigated the effect of various exercise programs on depression and the vast majority of them indicate that exercise significantly reduces depression (e.g., Blumenthal et al., 2007; Martinsen et al., 1985; Singh et al., 1997). ... To date, it is not possible to determine exactly how effective exercise is in reducing depression symptoms in clinical and nonclinical depressed populations, respectively. However, the results from the present meta-analysis as well as from seven earlier meta-analyses (North et al., 1990; Craft & Landers, 1998; Lawlor & Hopker, 2001; Stathopoulou et al., 2006; Mead et al., 2009; Rethorst et al., 2009; Krogh et al., 2011) indicate that exercise has a moderate to large antidepressant effect. Some meta-analytic results (e.g., Rethorst et al., 2009) suggest that exercise may be even more efficacious for clinically depressed people. ... In short, our final conclusion is that exercise may well be recommended for people with mild and moderate depression who are willing, motivated, and physically healthy enough to engage in such a program. - Rosenbaum S, Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Curtis J, Ward P (2014). "Physical activity interventions for people with mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis". J Clin Psychiatry 75 (9): 964–974. doi:10.4088/JCP.13r08765. PMID 24813261. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that physical activity reduced depressive symptoms among people with a psychiatric illness. The current meta-analysis differs from previous studies, as it included participants with depressive symptoms with a variety of psychiatric diagnoses (except dysthymia and eating disorders). ... This review provides strong evidence for the antidepressant effect of physical activity; however, the optimal exercise modality, volume, and intensity remain to be determined. ... Conclusion Few interventions exist whereby patients can hope to achieve improvements in both psychiatric symptoms and physical health simultaneously without significant risks of adverse effects. Physical activity offers substantial promise for improving outcomes for people living with mental illness, and the inclusion of physical activity and exercise programs within treatment facilities is warranted given the results of this review. - Denham J, Marques FZ, O'Brien BJ, Charchar FJ (February 2014). "Exercise: putting action into our epigenome". Sports Med 44 (2): 189–209. doi:10.1007/s40279-013-0114-1. PMID 24163284. Aerobic physical exercise produces numerous health benefits in the brain. Regular engagement in physical exercise enhances cognitive functioning, increases brain neurotrophic proteins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and prevents cognitive diseases [76–78]. Recent findings highlight a role for aerobic exercise in modulating chromatin remodelers [21, 79–82]. ... These results were the first to demonstrate that acute and relatively short aerobic exercise modulates epigenetic modifications. The transient epigenetic modifications observed due to chronic running training have also been associated with improved learning and stress-coping strategies, epigenetic changes and increased c-Fos-positive neurons ... Nonetheless, these studies demonstrate the existence of epigenetic changes after acute and chronic exercise and show they are associated with improved cognitive function and elevated markers of neurotrophic factors and neuronal activity (BDNF and c-Fos). ... The aerobic exercise training-induced changes to miRNA profile in the brain seem to be intensity-dependent . These few studies provide a basis for further exploration into potential miRNAs involved in brain and neuronal development and recovery via aerobic exercise. - Phillips C, Baktir MA, Srivatsan M, Salehi A (2014). "Neuroprotective effects of physical activity on the brain: a closer look at trophic factor signaling". Front Cell Neurosci 8: 170. doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00170. PMC 4064707. PMID 24999318. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that myokines released by exercising muscles affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor synthesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a finding that could lead to the identification of new and therapeutically important mediating factors. ... Studies have demonstrated the intensity of exercise training is positively correlated with BDNF plasma levels in young, healthy individuals (Ferris et al., 2007). Resistance exercise has also been shown to elevate serum BDNF levels in young individuals (Yarrow et al., 2010). Moreover, it has been shown that moderate levels of physical activity in people with AD significantly increased plasma levels of BDNF (Coelho et al., 2014). ... In humans, it has been shown that 4 h of rowing activity leads to increased levels of plasma BDNF from the internal jugular (an indicator of central release from the brain) and radial artery (an indicator of peripheral release; Rasmussen et al., 2009). Seifert et al. (2010) reported that basal release of BDNF increases following 3 months endurance training in young and healthy individuals, as measured from the jugular vein. These trends are augmented by rodent studies showing that endurance training leads to increased synthesis of BDNF in the hippocampal formation (Neeper et al., 1995, 1996). ... Both BDNF and IGF-1 play a significant role in cognition and motor function in humans. ... Multiple large-scale studies in humans have shown that serum levels of IGF-1 are correlated with fitness and as well as body mass indices (Poehlman and Copeland, 1990). Furthermore, animal studies have shown that exercise in rats is associated with increased amounts of IGF-1 in the CSF. - Heinonen I, Kalliokoski KK, Hannukainen JC, Duncker DJ, Nuutila P, Knuuti J (November 2014). "Organ-Specific Physiological Responses to Acute Physical Exercise and Long-Term Training in Humans". Physiology (Bethesda) 29 (6): 421–436. doi:10.1152/physiol.00067.2013. PMID 25362636. The Effects of Long-Term Exercise Training [A] physically active lifestyle has been shown to lead to higher cognitive performance and delayed or prevented neurological conditions in humans (71, 101, 143, 191). ... The production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key protein regulating maintenance and growth of neurons, is known to be stimulated by acute exercise (145), which may contribute to learning and memory. BDNF is released from brain already at rest but increases two- to threefold during exercise, which contributes 70–80% of circulating BDNF (145). - Walsh BT, Seidman SN, Sysko R, Gould M (2002). "Placebo Response in Studies of Major Depression: Variable, Substantial, and Growing". JAMA 287 (14): 1840–7. doi:10.1001/jama.287.14.1840. PMID 11939870. - Freeman M, Mischoulon D, Tedeschini E, Goodness T, Cohen L, Fava M et al. (2010). "Complementary and alternative medicine for major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of patient characteristics, placebo-response rates, and treatment outcomes relative to standard antidepressants". J Clin Psychiatry 71 (6): 682–8. doi:10.4088/JCP.10r05976blu. PMID 20573327. - Lee K, Bacchetti P, Sim I (2008). Clarke, Mike, ed. "Publication of Clinical Trials Supporting Successful New Drug Applications: A Literature Analysis". PLoS Medicine 5 (9): e191. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0050191. PMC 2553819. PMID 18816163. - Whittington CJ, Kendall T, Fonagy P, Cottrell D, Cotgrove A, Boddington E (2004). "Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in childhood depression: Systematic review of published versus unpublished data". The Lancet 363 (9418): 1341–5. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16043-1. PMID 15110490. - "Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) Study". National Institute of Mental Health. Archived from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2012. - Fava M, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Alpert JE, McGrath PJ, Thase ME, Warden D, Biggs M, Luther JF, Niederehe G, Ritz L, Trivedi MH (2006). "A Comparison of Mirtazapine and Nortriptyline Following Two Consecutive Failed Medication Treatments for Depressed Outpatients: A STAR*D Report". The American Journal of Psychiatry 163 (7): 1161–72. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.7.1161. PMID 16816220. - Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR, Thase ME, Quitkin F, Warden D, Ritz L, Nierenberg AA, Lebowitz BD, Biggs MM, Luther JF, Shores-Wilson K, Rush AJ (2006). "Medication Augmentation after the Failure of SSRIs for Depression". New England Journal of Medicine 354 (12): 1243–52. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa052964. PMID 16554526. - Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Warden D, Ritz L, Norquist G, Howland RH, Lebowitz B, McGrath PJ, Shores-Wilson K, Biggs MM, Balasubramani GK, Fava M (2006). "Evaluation of Outcomes with Citalopram for Depression Using Measurement-Based Care in STAR*D: Implications for Clinical Practice". American Journal of Psychiatry 163 (1): 28–40. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.28. PMID 16390886. - Warden D, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, Davis L, Nierenberg AA, Gaynes BN, Zisook S, Hollon SD, Balasubramani GK, Howland R, Fava M, Stewart JW, Rush AJ (2007). "Predictors of attrition during initial (citalopram) treatment for depression: a STAR*D report". Am J Psychiatry 164 (8): 1189–97. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06071225. PMID 17671281. - Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, Stewart JW, Nierenberg AA, Thase ME, Ritz L, Biggs MM, Warden D, Luther JF, Shores-Wilson K, Niederehe G, Fava M (2006). "Bupropion-SR, Sertraline, or Venlafaxine-XR after Failure of SSRIs for Depression". New England Journal of Medicine 354 (12): 1231–42. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa052963. PMID 16554525. - Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, et al. (November 2006). "Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report". Am J Psychiatry 163 (11): 1905–17. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.11.1905. PMID 17074942. - Warden D, Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Fava M, Wisniewski SR (2007). "The STAR*D Project results: A comprehensive review of findings". Current psychiatry reports 9 (6): 449–59. doi:10.1007/s11920-007-0061-3. PMID 18221624. - Taylor MJ, Freemantle N, Geddes JR, Bhagwagar Z (2006). "Early Onset of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Antidepressant Action: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". Archives of General Psychiatry 63 (11): 1217–23. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.11.1217. PMC 2211759. PMID 17088502. - Baghai TC, Möller HJ, Rupprecht R (2006). "Recent Progress in Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options of Major Depression". Current Pharmaceutical Design 12 (4): 503–15. doi:10.2174/138161206775474422. PMID 16472142. - Ruhé HG, Huyser J, Swinkels JA, Schene AH (2006). "Switching Antidepressants After a First Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor in Major Depressive Disorder". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67 (12): 1836–55. doi:10.4088/JCP.v67n1203. PMID 17194261. - Tranter R, O'Donovan C, Chandarana P, Kennedy S
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新房的房龄相对较小,二手房由于使用了一定的年限,房龄相对较老。房龄越老,贷款的年限就越短,月供压力也越大。 产权年限是从开发商拿地之日开始算起,一般情况下,二手房剩余的产权年限普遍比新房少。 11、买房费用 新房:主要有首付、契税、房屋维修基金、物业费等主要的税费。 二手房:主要有首付、契税、增值税(满两年免征)、个税(满五少有免征)、中介费等主要税费。 在房屋总价相同的情况下,二手房的净首付,要比新房高出不少;而二手房的交易税费也一直是比较高的。买房费用支出方面,新房比二手房高出不少。 12、交易流程 新房是买房人同开发商进行交易,很多时候,置业顾问会帮买房人办理一些事项,交易流程比较简单。二手房则是买卖双方和中介等三方进行交易,中介会办理相关的业务。总体上,二手房交易的流程比新房复杂,尤其是买卖双方不通过中介进行交易,而是自行交易时。 13、交房时间 新房的交房时间通常都比较晚,常常是已经开始还房贷了,还没有交房入住;二手房,则是办理好了相关手续,就可以过户了。 当然,现房具有和二手房一样的特点,即买即交房。 14、买房风险 买新房,最担心的就是开发商变更规划、不兑现承诺、楼盘烂尾、迟迟不交房、开发商跑路或者将房子抵押给银行了。而二手房,最担心的就是房屋的产权有问题(被抵押或查封)、买房钱被骗或者买到凶宅等。 新房和二手房,各有优缺点,买房的时候,个人可以结合自己的实际情况和喜好,进行选择。 跟着宁波房产商场监管效劳渠道的上线运行,与之配套的改版上线,全市的房子买卖正逐渐汇总到一个渠道上。二手房买卖,有了哪些改变?房东怎么挂号房源?对购房的消费者来说,买卖时又有哪些改变?哪几种情况下,房源核验会通不过?为了协助市民弄清楚这些疑问,记者请教了市房产商场管理中心的有关专家。 新增房源核验环节 房产买卖主要的环节是待售房源寻找买家的进程,跟以往比较,这次改变最大的是房东挂牌出售房源环节。 “以往,房东只需将自个所要出售的房源信息到网上挂牌即可。如今需要经过一个房源核验环节,目的是保证房源的实在有效。”市房产商场管理中心有关负责人告诉记者。 以往,不少市民都碰到过这么的情况,看中一套房源,打电话曩昔一问,压根儿没有或被奉告早现已卖了,乃至是被司法查封的房源也在网上挂牌出售。“如今卖家挂牌房源之前,就得把房源的实在性弄清楚,防止类似疑问的发作。”该负责人表明。 挂牌的每套房源都有由一串数字构成的“房源核验码”,一旁还有一个二维码,用手机扫二维码,就能将房源信息显现到手机上,便利随时检查。 这个房源核验码和二维码,能证实这是一套实在有效的可买卖房源,而是不是存在查封等约束买卖的信息,经过二维码也能得悉。有了这两个信息,意味着这是经房产监管有些核验过的房源。 因而,在二手房买卖之前,房东在房源挂号进程中,新增了一个房源核验环节,买房者的权益得到了保护,不再需要费时吃力去核实了。 注意事项之一:核实卖方身份挑选靠谱的中介 核实卖方的身份。假如是自己,看他的身份证;假如挑选中介,要挑选挑选规范的、有必定诺言度的房地产中介机构作为二手房生意两边资金、房子交割的监管方,确保交钱后能顺利过户,过户后房与款两清。必要时可查阅中介机构应具有的“两证”,一为工商部门颁布的营业执照,二为房子土地管理局颁布的中介署理资质证书,这是买二手房注意事项的条件。 注意事项之二:承认产权 到房管局查验卖方的房产证。检查: 1.产权证上的房主是不是与卖房人是同一自己,核对卖方身份证或工商档案中的称号与房产证上的房子所有人是不是共同,原则上是一个字也不能错。 2.产权证所承认的面积与实践面积是不是有不符的地方。 3.看该房子是不是有房子共有权人,假如房子为多人共有,则须卖房人供给所有共有人的身份证件及赞同出卖房子的书面文件;如是夫妻共有产业,是不是通过卖方配偶的书面赞同;假如房子已租借,则须卖房人供给承租人赞同出售的书面定见;假如房子已被典当,则须卖房人供给典当权人赞同房子出售的书面文件,千万别忽略这些买二手房注意事项。 注意事项之三:核实房子是否符合买卖要求 以下状况的房子千万不要买: 1.已列入拆迁布告规模的房子或被国家征用的房子; 2.被人民法院或行政机关依法查封的房子; 3.属违法或违章建筑的房子; 此外,假如要买卖的房子是公房,卖房人要供给政府部门对其上市生意的批准书;由于公房原单位对公房通常都保存优先买卖权,因而,应请求卖房人供给单位抛弃优先买卖权的书面定见;别的,戎行、医院、学校的公房,由于其特殊性,在没有获得单位赞同的状况下,一概不得出售,必需要原单位盖章后才干出让。 假如房子存在私自建立的状况也很费事,所以要检查是不是有占用房顶的平台、走廊的状况;或者屋内是不是有建立的小阁楼;是不是改动过房子的内、外部构造,如将阳台改成卧室或厨房、将一间分隔成两间等。只有遵从这个买二手房注意事项才干够进一步签订合同。 注意事项之四:关键性问题体现在合同中 签约过程中应特别注意,对生意的任何关键性约好或卖方的任何许诺均应体现在合同中,不能以口头约好代之,由于口头约好在一旦发作胶葛时则无法举证。 合同的必备条款首要包含:房子面积及隶属设施、价款及给付方法、土地运用年限、房子交给期限、违约责任等。 在签定合同过程中,有必要注明什么时间点卖方将房子以何种方法交给给买方,假如到时不能准时交房,买家将得到什么样的补偿,房子是不是仍存在租借状况等。 注意事项之五:一定要注意付款方法和时间点 买家在付款时,应尽量选用能在银行留下划转证据的方法进行付款,由此能够添加买卖付款凭证。 通常状况下,在约好时,买家能够以房子总价的10%左右作为交房时再付的条件束缚卖家按照交房;也能够请求房主搬出移交后再行支付购房款。 注意事项之六:当心房款和产权的事情 不要随意信任对方的诺言,先交钱再过户仍是先过户再交钱是一个重要问题;能够思考将房款押在一个两边都信得过的单位,如律师楼或诺言较好的署理公司处,等过户完结后,再将房款转入卖方的账户。 注意事项之七:确保产权顺利过户 必需要经本地房子土地管理局办理完产权才算完结过户手续。有署理公司、律师、公证的确保等等都不算是完结生意过程;从买房的视点来说,必定是产权过完户今后这套房才真正归于你,在此之前,卖方随时能够毁约。 过户流程: 1.查询房源、发布房源: 2.实地看房:卖方出示房子产权证、土地证、产权人身份证等有关证件。 3.签订《买卖合同》、《二手房买卖契约》:卖方带房子产权证、土地证身份证明等;买方带定金、身份证明等,二手房买卖契约5份 4.处理贷款手续:买方预备贷款材料、卖方预备房产证明 买方材料:身份证件原件/户口本原件/婚姻证/收入证明/已婚贷款人需供给爱人身份证件原件、爱人户口本原件/公积金贷款还需供给公积金缴存单原件 卖方材料:卖方身份证原件/产权证原件/土地证原件若卖方有未成年人,需许诺公证书。若需提早还贷:贷款合同原件/还款存折或卡/房产典当合同产权证及土地证 5.处理买卖过户:(产权过户时刻为一星期)买卖双方亲身前往房产局处理,带着有关证件原件(若托付处理,需出具公正托付书)处理买卖过户时,买方需向卖方付出房子首付款,过户一起买卖双方需交纳相应税费,卖方需供给原购房发票. 6.处理土地证过户:买方可独自处理,需预备新产权证、旧土地证、二手房买卖契约、买方身份证原件。银行放款到卖方账户。 7.户口迁出、房子交验,费用结清:水、电、煤气、物管费、有线电视、电话等过户、钥匙交代,签署《物业交代确认书》,付出房子尾款。 继承划算但条件严苛 在实际操作中,因为继承是遗产人去世后才可以进行产权过户,所以这种过户方式的人比较少。如果财产人生前没有留下遗嘱,就由法律界定。如果继承人很多,又想过户到其中一个人的名下,那么其他拥有继承权的人必须申明放弃遗产才行。 如果财产拥有者生前留下有效的法律文件,指定继承人,必须是遗产人死前曾做过公证的遗嘱才有法律效力。当然,遗产必须是被继承人生前属于个人的财产。 赠予费用少但风险高 其他亲人,即便是兄弟姐妹,也不能采用继承的方式,只能选择赠与过户与或者买卖过户。 如果是一套面积80方,原价80万,现价值100万元的房屋,在其交费高的情况下和赠与对比。一般房产买卖中,属于二套房买卖,且需要交纳营业税的情况,交费是高的。 三种方式费用比较 继承过户:280元登记费 赠与过户:280元登记费、3万元契税(3%)(二套购房)、4000元公证费(千分之3至千分之4公证费),总计交费:34280元。 买卖过户:不需交纳营业税:80元登记费、3万元契税(3%)(二套购房)、个人所得税(100-80)*20%=4万元、480元交易费,总计:70560元。 需交纳营业税:80元登记费、3万元契税(3%)(二套购房)、5.5万元营业税(5.5%营业税)、个人所得税(100-80)*20%=4万元、480元交易费,总计:125560元。 如果在几年后想把手上的房子卖掉,继承、赠与以及买卖过户得来的房产所要交纳的费用也各不相同。 举个例子。以80方,原价80万,现价值100万元的房屋为例,假设买家是首次买房,总共要缴纳的费用为: 继承房产交易时 五年内房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1%,建面90-140方以上1.5%,二套3%。2、营业税:5.6%3、个税:1%4、手续费:建筑面积*65、工本费:80元6、公证费:2%夫妻1%。 五年外房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1% ,建面90-140方以上1.5%,二套3%。2、营业税:建面140方及以上(评估-原值)5.6%3、个税:二套及以上1%4、手续费:建面*65、工本费:80元6、公证费:2%、夫妻1%。 赠予房产交易时(直系亲属) 五年内房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1% ,建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、营业税:5.6%3、个人所得税:1%4、手续费:建面*65、工本费:80元6、公证费:2%。 五年外房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1% ,建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、营业税:建面140方及以上(评估-原值)5.6%3、个人所得税:1%4、手续费:建面*65、工本费:80元6、公证费:2% 赠予房产交易时(非直系亲属) 五年内房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1%,建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、营业税:5.6%3、手续费:建面*64、工本费:80元5、公证费:2%6、偶然所得税:20%。 五年外房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1%,建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、营业税:建面140方及以上(评估-原值)5.6%3、手续费:建面*64、工本费:80元5、公证费:2%6、偶然所得税:20%(备注:夫妻更名、继承、赠予、遗失补证以原产证发证日期为准。产权以购房日期为准。) 普通交易房产 五年内房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1% ;建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、营业税:5.6%3、个人所得税:1%4、手续费:建面*65、工本费:80元。 五年外房屋需要缴纳的费用:1、契税:建面小于90方1% ;建面90-140方以上1.5%;二套3%2、个人所得税:1%3、手续费:建面*64、工本费:80元。 在费用中,占大头的依旧是税费,首次购房的,可根据购买的面积不同享有优惠。而且卖房人在房屋出售的时候,距离买房时间不足5年,要上营业税。 另外从房屋的性质上来说,商品房、经济适用房、房改房交纳的交易费也不同,分别是每平6元、每平3元、每平1.5元,再加80元登记费。赠与和继承都不需要交交易费,只需交280元登记费 1、二手房设备设备清点。由于二手房通常都被原房东装饰和运用过,在二手房出售时对装饰和一些设备设备通常都是赠送的,因而,二手房买房人在签定房子买卖合一起,就应将设备设备的品牌、成色以及能否正常运用予以清晰写明,二手房交代房子时依照合同约好进行清点、检验。 2、水、电、煤气、天然气的清点及过户。两边应一起来到自来水公司、电力公司、煤气公司、天然气公司的营业网点处理相应的过户手续,并向工作人员问询原房东有无欠费状况。如有欠费,二手房买房人则有权请求原房东补交费用。然后,两边再依据最终一期缴费单据上载明的数字和房子表具上的差额,依据单价进行结算 3、有线电视、数字电视、电话、宽带的过户。二手房买卖两边应一起来到有线电视公司、电信或网通的营业网点处理过户手续,一起,二手房买房人也要特别注意问询工作人员原房东有无拖欠费用的状况。 4、物业服务费、公共修理基金、取暖费结清。二手房买卖两边应一起来到物业公司处理物业和公共修理基金更名手续,一起处理物业费用交纳的交代,要注意问询物业人员看原房东是不是拖欠物业费及取暖费。 5、户口搬迁。二手房买卖两边应一起来到房子所在地的派出所,问询房子内的户口状况,原房东应将户口悉数迁出,如仍有户口,买房人可请求原房东迁出,若其回绝处理,可追究其违约责任。 6、结清二手房尾款。以上六项均二手房过户及结算结束后,将房子买卖合同约好的尾款在扣减下家代原房东付出的费用后,余额为下家实践应付出的金钱。上加收款后应出具收条并注明“悉数房款已结清”字样。 1、产权可靠与否 产权证上的房主与卖房的人应为同一个人;产权证所确认的面积与实际面积应该一致;一定要查看产权证的原件正本,而且到房管局查询其真实性。 2、确认房屋的准确面积 需确认建筑的面积、使用的面积和户内实际的面积,产权证上标明的一般情况下是建筑面积,保险的办法是测量一下地毯面积:即房屋内从一端的墙角到另一端的墙角的面积。 3、观察房屋的内部结构 户型是否合理,有没有不适合居住的缺点,管线是否太多或者走线不合理,天花板是否有渗水的痕迹,墙壁是否有裂纹或者脱皮等明显问题。 4、了解装修的状况 原房屋是否带装修,装修水平和程度如何,是不是需要全部打掉,了解住宅的内部结构图,包括管线的走向、承重
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ايي دانست. اين بازيگر اسکاري که 79 سال دارد، از چند سال پيش مبتلا به نوعي بيماري عضلات شده است که مي تواند در نهايت منجر به نابينايي او شود و گفته مي شود وي تا چند صباحي ديگر نخواهد توانست ديالوگ هاي خود را بخواند. با اين حال او که در نمايشي در مرکز لندن سخن مي گفت، تاکيد کرد: نمي دانم منظور همه از تکرار اين سوال چيست؟ يعني مي خواهيد بگوييد زمان بازنشستگي ام فرا رسيده؟ يا مي خواهيد سن مرا به من يادآوري کنيد؟ اما من از اين سؤال بيزارم و نمي خواهم بگويم پير شده ام و يا چيز ديگر. من هنوز هم مي توانم کار کنم. هر وقت نتوانستم، آن وقت مي روم. علاوه بر اين، اينکه شما به سن خاصي برسيد، نشان دهنده اين نيست که بايد برويد و کارتان را تعطيل کنيد. هر وقت نتوانستيد ديالوگ هايتان را حفظ کنيد، آن وقت بايد گفت که ديگر بايد پرونده بازيگري را ببنديد. جودي دنچ و داستين هافمن در فيلم جديد خود که در بي بي سي تهيه شده است، نقش پيرزن و پيرمردي را بازي مي کنند که در همسايگي يکديگر قرار دارند و تصميم مي گيرند ازدواج کنند. فيلمنامه فيلم را ريچارد کورتين نوشته است. منبع: بانی فیلم I just finished an omelette with eggs and spinach from a nearby farm. It tasted good, I supported local business and I helped the environment. You could say that I had my cake (but it was spinach) and ate it too. But, here is the surprise. If you care about your carbon footprint, then eating local is not the answer. Yes, food miles do create greenhouse gases. But a Carnegie Mellon study has concluded that the environmental impact of transporting food is relatively minimal. Instead, it’s all about dietary shift. For less than one day a week, we just have to switch from meat and dairy to chicken, fish, eggs, or a vegetable-based diet to achieve the environmental benefit of buying 100% local. In addition, economist Steve Landsburg says that even if we wanted to use cost/benefit analysis to prove the total impact of local sourcing, it would be impossible. How can we judge whether land should have been used for tomatoes or grapes, or if local farmers would have been better off transporting their produce elsewhere or even if it was best to buy Chilean grapes because Chile is the most efficient place to grow them? Then also, there are workers, a ripple of energy use, equipment and countless other considerations. Instead he says just to look at price. Using a tomato as an example, Landsburg explains that the price conveys all we need to know. Assume, for example, that the local tomato laborers would have been more efficient growing grapes. As a result, the tomato supply curve would shift up and to the left because of lower yielding fields, and the price of tomatoes would increase. You don’t have to ask specifically about cost and benefit because a high or low price provides the answer. So, did my omelette help the planet more than steak? I am not so sure. A thanks to the Freakonomics people who suggested that “We Eat What We Are” and reminded me of locavore dilemmas. And here, economist Steven Landsburg disagrees with environmental locavores while this paper and this paper provide more information about the carbon footprint of our diet. واپسین روزهای مجلس نهم و پیگیری زمین خواری های بزرگ داود محمدی عضو هیات رئیسه کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ در مجلس شورای اسلامی در گفتگویی با اشاره به اتمام عمر مجلس نهم و پرونده های مهم باقی مانده در کمیسیون اصل 90 اظهار داشت: کمیسیون در ماه های پایانی مجلس نهم دستورکار جاری خود را دنبال می کند و تلاش دارد سه مورد بررسی مهم را در این دوره از مجلس اتمام و به اطلاع وکلای مردم در بهارستان برساند. نماینده مردم قزوین در مجلس نهم شورای اسلامی به نمونه ای از زمین خواری اشاره کرد و ادامه داد: موضوع زمین خواری در مناطق مختلف کشور نیز از پرونده های مهم تحت بررسی کمیسیون اصل 90 است. سال گذشته گزارشهایی از زمین خواری و تصرفات اراضی ملی در ورودی شهر قزوین به کمیسیون رسیده که بر اساس این گزارشها 27 هکتار از اراضی ملی توسط برخی دستگاهها و سازمانها دیوار کشی شده است. این دیوار کشی ها بدون طی مراحل قانونی و رعایت قانون صورت گرفته است که متاسفانه گفته می شود بخشی از این زمین ها از سوی برخی از دستگاهها و سازمانهای دولتی تصرف شده است. محمدی تاکید کرد: گزارشات این پرونده ها رو به اتمام است و منتظر هستیم که گزارش ها به تایید صحن کمیسیون برسد که تا پایان دوره مجلس نهم در دستور کار صحن علنی قرار گیرد. Why screening matters Colorectal cancer is the second leading cancer killer in the United States. But with routine screening, it’s a type of cancer that can be found and treated early. Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum, usually involving abnormal tissue growth called polyps. Polyps are quite common in people over age 50. It can take 10 to 15 years for a polyp to develop into colorectal cancer. Screening tests can detect polyps, which a doctor can remove before they develop into cancer. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for colorectal cancer beginning at age 50. If you’re at high risk of colorectal cancer, your doctor may advise you to start earlier. In addition to age, other risk factors include a family history of this cancer or having an inflammatory bowel disease (IDB). Being sedentary, eating a low-fiber, high-fat diet, and using tobacco are a few lifestyle factors that influence risk for this cancer. A variety of tests can be used to screen for colorectal cancer. Your doctor can help you decide which is the best option for you. A colonoscopy allows your doctor to inspect your rectum and all of your colon. Your entire colon must be clean. Your doctor will give you specific instructions on how to cleanse your colon before the procedure. For the colonoscopy, you lie on your side with your knees drawn up toward your chest. You’re be given an intravenous sedative. Your doctor uses a flexible, lighted tube (colonoscope) with a tiny camera on the end. They insert the tube into your rectum and colon. The doctor can examine the images on a screen. Air is pumped in to allow a clear view. The process takes about half an hour or so, and you’ll be able to go home within a few hours. If any suspicious tissue or polyps are found, your doctor can use special instruments to remove them during the same procedure. Samples of the tissue are then sent to a laboratory so they can be examined for cancer. If everything looks healthy, your doctor will likely suggest that you have another colonoscopy in 10 years. If polyps were found, or if you’re at a particularly high risk of colorectal cancer, you might be advised to have another one sooner. A colonoscopy is considered to be safe. In rare cases, the colon or rectum is perforated, which can lead to serious complications. Computed tomography (CT) colonography is also known as a virtual colonoscopy. As with a colonoscopy, you have to prepare by cleaning out your colon. It does require that a tube be inserted into your rectum to pump air inside. But sedation isn’t necessary. Special X-ray equipment then rotates around the table, taking a series of images of the colon and rectum. A computer puts the images together to create a detailed picture for analysis. The test takes about 10 minutes. There’s a lower risk of complications than with a colonoscopy. On the other hand, if abnormal growths or polyps are found, you’ll need a standard colonoscopy to have them removed and tested for cancer. In a sigmoidoscopy, your doctor can examine your rectum and sigmoid colon, which is the lower part of your colon. This test won’t detect abnormal tissue in the upper half of the colon. A flexible, lighted tube with a small camera on the end (sigmoidoscope) is inserted into your rectum and colon. Your doctor can view the images on a screen. The tool only reaches two feet, so only about half of your colon is viewable. You don’t have to clear your entire colon as with a colonoscopy, but you still have to cleanse your bowels before the test. You can be sedated, but it’s not usually required. The test takes 10 to 20 minutes. The risk of perforation is small. Your doctor can remove abnormal tissue and polyps during this procedure. If the tissue is found to be cancerous, your doctor will likely recommend a colonoscopy to look at the upper half of your colon. Fecal occult blood test (FOBT) Because polyps and colorectal cancer can cause bleeding, your stool can be checked for small amounts of blood that you wouldn’t see otherwise. A guaiac FOBT (gFOBT) uses a chemical to find blood in your stool. Your doctor will instruct you avoid certain foods, such as red meat. You will also be told to stay away from certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, for a day or two before the test. A fecal immunochemical (FIT) test relies on antibodies to detect blood in your stool. For either test, you’ll use a special kit to collect multiple stool samples to return to a laboratory. If blood is found in the stool, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have colorectal cancer. Other causes include hemorrhoids, ulcers, and diverticulosis. You’ll need additional testing, such as a colonoscopy, to determine the cause. These tests can be repeated every year. Stool FIT-DNA test In addition to detecting blood, the FIT-DNA stool test can detect nine DNA biomarkers in three genes found in colorectal cancer and precancerous tissue. This test requires that you collect your stool. You’ll be given a stool collection kit and instructions on how to return it to the laboratory. If the test is negative, it should be repeated every three years. A positive result doesn’t confirm colorectal cancer. Other tests, such as a colonoscopy, can help your doctor learn more. Air contrast barium enema This test is also called double-contrast barium enema (DCBE), barium enema with air contrast, or lower GI series. It involves taking laxatives or enemas to clean your bowels before the exam. Then barium sulfate and air are introduced into your rectum and colon. This highlights abnormal areas on X-ray images. The test can take from 30 to 45 minutes. Sedation isn’t necessary. This procedure may not be sensitive enough to detect small polyps or cancers. But it may be an option if you can’t have a colonoscopy. If anything suspicious is found, you’ll need additional testing to determine the cause. ... 瑜伽体式–桥变二式 姿势分解 1、平躺在地上,脸朝上,脚平放,两脚打开的宽度与臀部同宽,弯曲膝盖,直到小腿胫骨和地面垂直。 2、收紧臀部肌肉,将臀部抬离地面几寸,让身体和地面成拱型。 3、手臂紧贴在地上,收紧臀部和腿部的肌肉,让臀部抬起来,双手在身体下面紧紧地扣在一起。将这个姿势坚持一会儿,然后放松,躺在地上休息一下,继续重复这个动作。 针对部位:臀肌、大腿、腰肌、背部的下半部分。 特别塑造:一旦你的身体形成拱型,就把自己的双手尽量放在身体的下面,以便抬升你的身体和臀部,这样也可以使你的臀部肌肉更紧缩。 瑜伽生活化,持之以恆练习很重要。 关注《瑜伽人》微信认证公众号:yogaliren(长按复制) 获得最新的专业瑜伽、健身、瘦身 养生知识 微信客服:yogaliren01 What facilitated the spread of Christianity in Africa? Some scholars who study Christianity in Africa suggest that this rapid expansion of Christianity in Africa was facilitated by a symbiotic relationship between Christian missionaries and colonial governments. What religion did Africa have before Christianity? Polytheism was widespreaded in most of ancient African and other regions of the world, before the introduction of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. An exception was the short-lived monotheistic religion created by Pharaoh Akhenaten, who made it mandatory to pray to his personal god Aton (see Atenism). How did Christianity spread in North Africa? Once in North Africa, Christianity spread slowly West from Alexandria and East to Ethiopia. Through North Africa, Christianity was embraced as the religion of dissent against the expanding Roman Empire. In the 4th century AD the Ethiopian King Ezana made Christianity the kingdom’s official religion. Why is Christianity growing in Africa? Much of the recent Christian growth in Africa is now due to African evangelism and high birth rates, rather than European missionaries. How did Christianity come to West Africa? The introduction of Christianity into West Africa traces its history to the fifteenth century, because of Portuguese scientific exploration of the Atlantic coasts of Africa. ... Eventually, the missionaries changed and adopted a more flexible, accommodating stance, which blended African culture with Christianity. What was Africa’s first religion? Christianity came first to the continent of Africa in the 1st or early 2nd century AD. Oral tradition says the first Muslims appeared while the prophet Mohammed was still alive (he died in 632). Thus both religions have been on the continent of Africa for over 1,300 years. Why did Islam spread in Africa? According to Arab oral tradition, Islam first came to Africa with Muslim refugees fleeing persecution in the Arab peninsula. ... It quickly spread West from Alexandria in North Africa (the Maghreb), reducing the Christians to pockets in Egypt, Nubia and Ethiopia. به نظر می رسد نام سامسونگ با دادگاه گره خورده و حالا، مایکروسافت اخیرا شکایتی را علیه این شرکت تنظیم کرده و این شرکت را برای ۶.۹ میلیون دلار تحت تعقیب قضایی قرار داده است و دلیل آن را عدم پرداخت به موقع بدهی این غول نرم افزاری عنوان کرده. مایکروسافت پس از خرید دستگاه ها و سرویس های نوکیا، قرارداد دو جانبه ای را با سامسونگ مبنی بر حق امتیاز دو طرفه امضا کرد و کره ای ها طی این توافقنامه، مبلغی را برای هر موبایل یا تبلت اندرویدی در طی یک سال به این شرکت پرداخت کنند. این قرارداد در سال ۲۰۱۱ تنظیم شده بود و در همان سال هم کره ای ها پرداخت های خود را به ازای فروش هر محصول، محاسبه و پرداخت کردند. البته سال گذشته سامسونگ مبلغ یک میلیارد دلار به مایکروسافت به دلیل همین قرارداد پرداخت کرده بود اما ردموند نشین ها معتقدند این اقدام با تاخیر انجام گرفته و در نتیجه، مبلغ ۶.۹ میلیون دلار سود این دیرکرد باید مجددا به حساب های آنها واریز گردد. چرا که گویا چشم بادامی ها تصور می کردند با خرید کامل سرویس ها و دستگاه های نوکیا توسط مایکروسافت، قرارداد فی مابین این دو شرکت هم کان لم یکن تلقی می شود و از پرداخت های جدید خود امنتاع و در سومین سال قرارداد، پرداخت ها را متوقف کردند. حال باید منتظر ماند و دید جنگ پتنتی جدید مایکروسافت و سامسونگ به کجا می انجامد و برنده این دادگاه کدام شرکت خواهد بود. در ادامه مطلب متن کامل این شکوایه را مشاهده خواهید کرد. Microsoft v Samsung Unsealed Suit VAT NO一般是指增值税发票号码,一般是NO***共8位数。在外贸交易当中,经常会碰到客户要求提供一个VAT NO.号码,这对货物的清关和登记还是非常重要的,一旦VAT NO这个号码错误可能就
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معدنی سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت چهارمحال و بختیاری گفت: طی سال جاری ۹۵۰ هزار تن تولیدات معدنی از معادن استان چهارمحال و بختیاری استخراج شده است. معاون امور معادن و صنایع معدنی سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت چهارمحال و بختیاری با بیان اینکه درحال حاضر ۱۶۸ پروانه بهرهبرداری از معادن در استان وجود دارد، گفت: در سال ۱۳۹۹ پس از برگزاری دو جلسه در شورای معادن استان از ۱۹۲ معدن موجود در چهارمحال و بختیاری مجوز ۲۴ معدن سلب صلاحیت شد. رییس بازرگانی خارجی سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت چهارمحال و بختیاری با بیان اینکه صادرکنندگان، حاکمان مبارزه با جنگ اقتصادی هستند، گفت: اکثر صادرکنندگان از پرداخت مالیات معاف میشوند، البته این موضوع به شرطی است که ارز حاصل از صادرات آنها به چرخه تولید کشور بازگردد. رییس سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت استان چهار محال و بختیاری با بیان اینکه امکان ثبت اطلاعات فروش ریالی صادرکنندگان در سامانه جامع تجارت فراهم شده است، گفت: صادرکنندگان کالا به عراق و افغانستان هر چه سریعتر از فرصت مهیا شده استفاده کنند. 欢迎来到动漫啦,本站已收录《终结的炽天使第一季》并提供在线免费观看。 故事发生在遥远的未来,一种神秘的病毒侵袭了地球,十三岁以上的人类全部灭绝,可是,对于那些幸存下来的孩子们来说,活着却并不意味着幸运,横空出世的吸血鬼一族成为了地球上的统治者,而这些孩子们则作为它们的口粮被“饲养”起来。优一郎(入野自由 配音)和米伽尔(小野贤章 配音)不愿意向命运低头,为了反抗,优一郎加入了日本帝鬼军,成为了月鬼组的一员。在那里,优一郎结识了特立独行的柊筱娅(早见沙织 配音)、善良软弱的早乙女与一(冈本信彦 配音)、温文尔雅的君月士方(石川界人 配音)和大大咧咧的三宫三叶(井口裕香 配音),五人成为了生死与共的战友。 【动漫啦 www.dmla.cc】以上是《终结的炽天使第一季》剧情的简单介绍与播放列表,如若无法播放请切换资源或刷新当前页面并等待3-5秒钟 Empty Plastic Buckets For Planting submitted by Jose Figueroa of Buffalo Psychiatric Center New Beginnings Program on April 19, 2004 Size: 6 to 8 Equipment: Empty plastic containers 3 to 5 gallons Creativity through imaginative art in decorating empty plastic for the purpose of using them for planting flowers, vegetables, etc. Increase self esteem empty plastic containers. Remove lids. Wash them well. Drill holes on the bottom of buckets. With paint (spray paint, oil base paint or acrylics) use your imagination and decorate them with hand painted pictures of favorite plant, flowers or vegetables. Let dry. Seal them with clear spray paint for a shiny coat. Fill them up with potting soil. Plant your favorite plant and watch them grow with love and tender (Give participants ideas, but allow them to use their imagination) Works better with participants with low self esteem. Give praise for job well done. If vegetables are grown, allow participants to make salads. If flowers are grown, allow participants to photograph them. Enjoy. Submitted by Dee Maust of Beverly Healthcare on January 29, 2004 Equipment: Small scoops, potting soil, pots, planters, watering cans, regular scissors or safety scissors, towels and patience. Objective: To promote eye hand coordination, a sense of self worth and relaxation. Description: Before bringing residents into the room and before activity program begins, bring any plants already growing into the room and place them on tables for attractive visual. This will be inviting to residents that are interested in gardening. Give each person a plant to tend and an empty watering can. Fill a large watering can with water if there is no access to water in the activity room. Some may want to just water the plants.(hint, for some people you may want to fill their watering cans with just enough water to water one plant.) Some people like to groom the plants with their scissors. Some residents enjoy putting new cuttings in their new pot with potting soil. Converse with residents about the different plants. Last spring, we brought flowers from a local nursery. We put long planters on two chairs with one end of planter on one chair and the other end on the other chair. We had a large opened bag of potting soil in a wheelbarrow to make it easy for residents to scoop the dirt from the wheelbarrow into the planter while sitting in their wheel chair. Some of the residents planted Petunias, Geraniums, Marigolds etc...Some just liked scooping the soil, watering or just touching. We have gardening at least once a week in our facility and usually just groom and take care of the plants we already have. Submitted by Cathy La Prova of Providence Adult Day Health Center on October 22, 2003 Equipment: White foam craft sheets, various fresh natural materials (leaves, twigs, pinecones, etc.) and floral spray paint (at least two different colors) mats or Artwork with beautiful natural images the person arrange his/her natural objects in a pleasing pattern on a sheet of white foam craft material (any size). Lay this sheet on the ground outside and spray paint it, leaving the objects in place. When the objects are removed, their images will remain in white. This creation could be used as a place mat or hung on the wall as artwork. Submitted by Tonia McCormick on May 30, 2002 at 02:43:20 cellophane gift wrap Objective: sensory stimulation through sight touch and smell. Residents enjoy this activity as it is achievable for those with dementia, validating achievable skills.~ Promotes feelings of enhanced self esteem and fun. Reminiscence by talking of gardening and flowers~ prompted by discussions of events one would receive flowers for~ etc. Description: soak oasis block in water. Cut to smaller size or leave whole. place ~ cellophane wrap on table with oasis block in the centre...one for each resident. Arrange flowers and foliage in oasis block. Draw cellophane up around block and foliage/flowers tie with ribbon...top up with water as required. We use curling ribbon as it gives a nice effect. submitted by Sonia Taylor of Gentlefolks Nursing Home, Pegwell ,Barbados on March 22, 2001 Equipment: Different types of seeds - fruits, veggies or flowers, bowls. A diagram of a plant,a bristol board, markers. Phase 4 - a garden spot, hoes pick, gardening tools - good weather! Objective: The objective of this activity is to enhance awareness of the environment around them through touch and sensation. Most patients enjoy reminiscing about their gardens whether they planted flowers or vegetables long ago. This activity also enables those with Alzheimer's to recall past experiences through touch and smell. Social impact was phenomenal! Description: Gather your group in a circle. What I did was prepare them beforehand with an overview of "how plants grow" . I showed them a diagram of a plant and asked questions about what makes plants grow i.e. water, sunlight, manure, etc. and wrote it down. Then I let them name the different parts of the plants root, stem, leaves etc. Although this may be difficult for some to remember, recall was fun. I had collected different seeds and one by one let everyone touch and describe the seeds, rough, smooth, big, small, long etc. One resident kept saying" only plant two seeds at a time, no more. So I made her my Chief Phase two - the seeds were then planted in small pots and watered by the residents every two days. This encouraged responsibility as they had to nurture the plants to later be replanted. I found that even my Alzheimer's patients enjoyed getting outside and staying active. Phase Three - In about 7-10 weeks ( depending on growth of the plants) they were then transplanted to a garden area. Now, I ended up doing most of the work, bending over and planting but I had many "helpers". On another day I encouraged my gardening club to gather in the afternoons to sit and drink tea or lemonade and observe the plants in their various stages of growth. Residents talked about the gardens they kept long ago and were very happy to see their own accomplishments. Phase Four - Pick and eat the veggies. Make flower arrangements have a sale, make preserves a nice salad! Submitted by Nancy Hahn of Sidney Square Care Center on Saturday, January 20, 2001 Equipment: 25 gallon bin, growing medium, plants, small gardening tools, small watering can, foam packing peanuts, a cart to move it on. Objective: Gardening in room or shared area allows an appreciation of nature, raises self esteem through achievement, promotes fine motor skills, and allows social interaction. Description: Fill the bottom of the bin with foam packing peanuts to about 6 inches. Cover with growing medium leaving about 4 inches from the top empty. Plant a variety of flowers and herbs your choice in bin (I prefer edible or at least non toxic). This bin on a cart can sit in a sunny window most days. It can be taken to the rooms of those who are not mobile. It is nice to use in a small group of consumers. The activity consists of watering, pinching of dead leaves, pruning, picking flowers, sharing herbs grown with others, and Flower and Branch Arrangements by Jorge Goldfarb of Regional Nursing Home, BrorHailon December Equipment: flat plastic potting pots;any firm granulated material;small secateurs;small branches and flowers, long lasting (about 10 days) Objective: Expected to be a creative recreational activity. Opportunity for the to apply composition in order to make an (aesthetically) pleasing arrangement. To add in connecting the person with the world Description: Members of the group are elderly disabled persons. Each one is offered 3 or 4 pots (hard plastic, about 10 cm. diam, 5cm.height) filled with wet granulated material. (I use crushed volcanic rock because of its low bulk density, but very small pebbles mixed with sand are also suitable). They are also given small branches and flowers, previously cut to suitable size and with 2-3 of the basis peeled off from leaves. The idea is to make insertion of the plant material into the media as easy as possible.At the first meeting the persons are induced to do as they please; the attendants do not give any hints of what is "correct" or aesthetic.The arrangements are set in a display in the dining room, with name labels;the people is requested to water lightly their arrangements every two days,mostly as a "keep in touch" procedure; it's important to select branches and flowers which do not wilt fast and can stand at least a weak in good condition for at least 10 days(central heating accelerates wilting). At the second meeting, after a week, more plant material is offered so as to replace what look good. Also some gentle hints are given about rules of composition, but only if people ask for it (most of them don't). In a third meeting more interesting or peculiar containers are supplied, but always small containers because people in the group have difficulty in handling larger vases and long stemmed branches and flowers. After the fourth meeting, we move to garden and mini landscapes. (These will be reported in another communication). I am very interested to share experiences with others doing similar activities. Please feel to ask for techniques and tips and more detailed reactions of the group members. I am also exploring a theoretical framework of the interaction between the person and his creation. (Jorge Goldfarb at jorgeg*brorhail.org.il) Adopt a Spot Lorice Smith on Wednesday, February Size: 6 to 8 Equipment: Garden shovel, plants or bulbs and patience Objective: To improve social skills, allow clients to have an opportunity to take care and nurture. Promotes simple physical movement Gather 6 to 8 consumers who enjoy the great outdoors. Supply bulbs or plants, fertilizer, garden shovel and start working. When the activity is done, allow consumers the opportunity discuss what they enjoyed about the activity. We call this act: Adopt a Spot and keep it beautiful all year long. Plant in the summer and offer them to friends and also make a nice salad. We did this last year at the our facility and the immensely enjoyed this activity Adapted Gardening Program by Kelly Gadowski of Hillview Healthcare Center gardening shovel, rich soil, 12" pot in width and a 10" pot in width (and deep enough to plant flowers and roots to grow), interested residents in gardening, watering can, table and chairs outdoors. Gardening enhances residents eye hand coordination. Increases their awareness of their surroundings, gives them a change of environment to be outdoors in the fresh air. Gardening also gives them great sense of self-esteem, seeing progress in the growth of their garden! Description: This program is currently going on at my facility with students from a nearby University. Pre-OT students that need to do volunteer work to enter the program are running the gardening program three days a week to ensure proper growth and care of the plants that would be difficult for staff to keep up with. First day: volunteers came to dig holes in the ground of our rock landscaping big enough to fit the 12" pots (there are 12 total) nice and snug and stationary so that it will NOT come out! The 10"(12 of them also) pots are then filled with soil and put inside the 12" ones. The reasoning behind this is so residents can wheel up to a short table or chair, the volunteer grabs the pot out of the ground and brings it to the resident to prune and water and when finished, it can be easily propped back into the ground . The residents planted them the first week and then prune and water the weeks after. After they are finished they discuss what their flower gardens ! held, how they took care of them and so forth. Each volunteer was paired up with 4 residents. This was in case a resident wasn't feeling up to joining in the group we still had back up participants. The volunteers run this program on their own. One comes in on Monday to water, two on Wed (they do a big group) and one on Friday! The residents have great comments. The left over flowers were planted in tiny pots for resident rooms. We used Petunias: that seemed to be the most popular flower among residents and the pots were donated by a local nursery! GOOD LUCK! HAPPY GARDENING! Pine Cone Bird Feeder Ornaments Submitted by Becky Neeley Pine cones; sturdy string; plastic knives; peanut butter; decorating sprinkles (Editors note: use bird seed instead as sprinkles have no nutritional value for bird). For participants to experience creativity and utilize fine motor Distribute peanut butter on pine cone, then sprinkle with decors (Editors Note: use bird seed instead), such as sugar or confetti sprinkles. Attach string to pine cone, then assist for the birds to enjoy! This activity is fun for any population, but can be especially valuable when working with Alzheimer's patients; they are sometimes prone to put non-edible things in their mouths, but this activity is safe for them in that aspect. If this activity is used for a more cognizant group, the ornaments may be made for use on a Christmas tree by using glue, glitter, sequins, etc. A quick review of product recalls and withdrawals in any given week reveals that allergens, and the need to declare their presence in foods, represent a massive challenge for the global food industry. In one week’s recalls in the United States, for example, inaccurate labeling resulted in the
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یک رویکرد خردگرا و حتی عملی و توجیهی در مورد قواعد رفتاری به کار می برند.3 از آن جا که اصول اخلاقی، معمولاً به صورت مدون و در قالب توصیه های مندرج در ماده ها و بندهای خاص عرضه می شوند، به حوزۀ حقوق نیز نزدیک می شوند، اما تفاوتی که با مقررات حقوقی دارند این است که مقررات حقوقی عمومیت دارند و برای همۀ افراد لازم الاجرا به شمار می روند، در حالی که اصول اخلاقی، از ویژگی اقتدارآمیز برخوردار نیستند و تنها یک گروه اجتماعی یا حرفه ای خاص (مثل اصحاب رسانه، پزشکان، حقوقدان ها و...) را در بر می گیرند و جنبه های الزام آور آنها نیز محدود است.4 بر این اساس، می توانیم «اصول اخلاق رسانه ای» را به عنوان مجموعه قواعدی تعریم کنیم که دست اندرکاران رسانه ها به صورت داوطلبانه و بر اساس ندای وجدان و فطرت خود در انجام کار حرفه ای رعایت می کنند؛ بدون آن که الزام خارجی داشته باشند و یا در صورت تخلف، دچار مجازات های قانونی گردند.5 تاریخچه تحولات صورت گرفته در روند تکامل اصول اخلاق رسانه ای (به طور عام)، ارتباط نزدیکی با اصول اخلاق روزنامه نگاری (به طور خاص) دارد؛ و این امر، به دلیل قدمت زیاد روزنامه ها به عنوان نخستین رسانه های جمعی است که از اواخر قرن پانزده و اوایل قرن شانزده میلادی شروع به انتشار کرده اند، به طوری که امروزه با وجود گسترش رسانه هایی نظیر رادیو، تلویزیون و رسانه های نوین الکترونیکی، می توان گفت که مبنای اخلاقی تمام آنها، همان اصول مطرح شده در خصوص روزنامه نگاری است که با توجه به شرایط و تکنولوژی های موجود، مورد تجدید نظر و اصلاح قرار گرفته اند. بر این اساس، برای آشنایی با تاریخچه و تحولات صورت گرفته در روند تکاملی اصول اخلاق رسانه ای، راهی جز بررسی روند تکاملی اصول اخلاق روزنامه نگاری نخواهیم داشت. در این مقاله، این تحولات را در چهار دورۀ تاریخی، به شرح زیر از هم تفکیک کرده ایم: 1. اواخر قرن 18 تا اوایل قرن 19 ویژگی بارز این دوره که با «روزنامه نگاری عقیدتی و مسلکی» شناخته می شود، تأکید بر «آزادی بیان» و مبارزه برای به دست آوردن آن است. این مبارزات، که بیشتر در قالب مقالات و تحلیل و تفسیرهای انتقادی از سوی روشنفکران آن دوره بروز پیدا می کرد، کم کم زمینه را برای تبدیل مطبوعات به «رکن چهارم دموکراسی» در کشورهای غربی فراهم آورد. در واقع مهم ترین اصلی که روزنامه نگاران این دوره بر آن اتفاق نظر داشتند، تلاش برای دستیابی به نوعی روزنامه نگاری آرمانی بود که بتوانند بدون نظارت از بالا، به بیان آزادانۀ افکار و اندیشه های خود بپردازد و به عمر روزنامه نگاری فرمایشی و آمرانه ای که زیر نظر حکومت های استبدادی و نظام های سلطنتی شکل گرفته بود، پایان بخشند. پرهیز از هر گونه سانسور در اندیشه و بیان، مخالفت با نظارت از بالا بر کار روزنامه نگاران، انتقاد آزادانه در مورد عملکرد حاکمان و سیاستمداران و... را می توان جزو مهم ترین اصول اخلاقی به شمار آورد که در آن دوران مورد تأکید روزنامه نگاران قرار می گرفتند. 2. اواسط قرن 19 تا اوایل قرن 20 در این دوره که با افزایش جمعیت، گسترش شهرنشینی و پیشرفت های سریع در تکنولوژی های جدید ارتباطی (بویژه تحول روزنامه نگاری سنتی به روزنامه نگاری صنعتی و تجاری) همراه بود، مسائل جدیدی نیز در مورد کیفیت کار روزنامه نگاری رخ داد که روزنامه نگاران را مجبور کرد برای جذب خوانندگان انبوه و افزایش تیراژ و کسب آگهی های بیشتر، به «روزنامه نگاری جنجالی» روی بیاورند که معمولاً عرصۀ اخبار، تصویرها و گزارش های مربوط به رویدادهای هیجان انگیزی چون جنایت ها، رسوایی ها، زندگی چهره های مشهور و... بود. این نوع روزنامه نگاری ـ بر خلاف مباحث انتقادی روزنامه های مسلکی که ابعاد عقلی و منطقی خوانندگان را مورد توجه قرار می دادند، بیشتر به ویژگی سرگرم کنندگی، هیجانی و عاطفی مخاطبان، اولویت می داد. نخستین سوء استفاده های بارز اخلاقی از مطبوعات، در همین دوره اتفاق افتاد. استفاده از فعالیت روزنامه نگاران برای تحقق اهداف سیاسی از جمله این سوء استفاده ها بود که نمونۀ بارز آن را می توان در پرداخت کمک های مالی «بیسمارک» (صدر اعظم آلمان) به برخی از روزنامه نگاران فرانسوی برای ترغیب آنان به گسترش مخالفت با سیاست های ناپلئون سوم (امپراتور وقت فرانسه) و ایجاد تزلزل در ارکان سیاسی و نظامی کشور فرانسه (به منظور ایجاد بستر مناسب برای حمله به این کشور در سال 1870) مشاهده کرد. نمونۀ دیگر، اقدام جنجال برانگیز «ویلیام راندولف هیرست» مدیر روزنامۀ جنجالی «نیویورک جورنال» در جریان جنگ امریکا و اسپانیا بر سر کوبا بود که هیرست با انتشار گزارش های هیجان انگیز دربارۀ خشونت های اسپانیایی ها علیه استقلال خواهان کوبا، افکار عمومی ایالات متحده را علیه ادامۀ سلطۀ اسپانیا بر سرزمین مذکور، برانگیخت. او در پاسخ یکی از خبرنگاران خود به نام «فردریک رمینگتون» که برای انعکاس اخبار و ارسال تصاویر خشونت های اسپانیایی ها علیه مبارزان کوبایی به این کشور اعزام شده بود، اما بر خلاف انتظار گزارش داده بود که «همه چیز آرام است، هیچ گونه اغتشاش و آشوبی وجود ندارد. جنگ روی نخواهد و می خواهم به امریکا برگردم»، نوشت: «لطفاً در کوبا بمانید. شما تصویر ارسال کنید، من مقدمات جنگ را فراهم خواهم کرد» و سرانجام با اقداماتی که انجام داد، باعث شد که در سال 1898، دولت امریکا در مورد مسئلۀ کوبا به اسپانیا اعلان جنگ دهد و به دنبال پیروزی در این جنگ، آن سرزمین به تصرف ایالات متحده درآمد.6 وضعیت نامطلوب روزنامه نگاری جنجالی و عملکرد شبکه های سراسری رادیویی ـ که بیشتر به گسترش آگهی های بازرگانی و افزایش درآمدهای مالی توجه داشتند ـ، با انتقادها و اعتراض های فراوانی روبه رو شد. منتقدان این نوع روزنامه نگاری، با تأکید بر رعایت موازین اخلاقی، خواهان صداقت و راست گویی، احترام به حریم خصوصی افراد، رعایت مقررات حقوقی در انتشار اخبار، تلاش برای حفظ منزلت و شخصیت افراد (بویژه قربانیان جرائم و جنایات اجتماعی)، توجه به حقوق کودکان در انتشار اخبار و آگهی ها و... از سوی روزنامه نگاران بودند. همچنین هدیه دادن و تدارک سفرهای رایگان برای روزنامه نگاران به منظور شرکت در نشست های و رویدادهای ورزشی (که به نوعی خوشگذرانی تلقی می شدند) نیز از سال 1870 از سوی منتقدان رسانه ای مورد تقبیح واقع شد و بدین ترتیب، بنیان مطبوعات آزاد (بی طرف) بنا نهاده شد. نخستین تلاش ها در زمینۀ آموزش روزنامه نگاری به منظور کاهش سوء استفاده های اخلاقی از رسانه ها در دهۀ 1890 شکل گرفت که بعدها در دهۀ 1920 در قالب حرکتی گسترده تر به راه اندازی رشتۀ روزنامه نگاری در دانشگاه ها منجر شد. همچنین چهار کتاب که از مهم ترین منابع موجود در حوزۀ اخلاق روزنامه نگاری به شمار می آیند نیز دستاورد همین دوره بودند که عبارت اند از: «اخلاق روزنامه نگاری» اثر «نلسون کرافورد» (1924)، «وجدان روزنامه» از «لئون فلینت» (1925)، «اخلاق روزنامه» اثر «ویلیام گیبون» (1926) و «اخلاق و آداب روزنامه نگاری» از «آلبرت هنینگ» (1932). تمام این منابع از لحاظ محتوا مشابه بودند و تمرکز اصلی آنها بر روی موضوعاتی چون: گزارش گران و منابع خبری، وسوسه های مالی و تضاد منافع، امنیت ملی، مطبوعات آزاد (بی طرف)، فریبکاری، انصاف، دقت، احساس گرایی، و احترام به حریم خصوصی بود.7 در کنار راه اندازی مراکز آموزش روزنامه نگاری، برای نخستین بار در این دوره بود که تلاش هایی در خصوص تهیه و تدوین اصول اخلاقی حرفۀ روزنامه نگاری از سوی روزنامه نگاران کشورهای اسکاندیناوی (نروژ در سال 1912، سوئد در 1916 و فنلاند در سال 1919) صورت گرفت. در سال 1918 «سندیکای ملی روزنامه نگاران فرانسوی» نیز مجموعه ای از مقررات اخلاقی را با عنوان «منشور وظایف روزنامه نگاران» تصویب کرد که این اصول در حال حاضر هم (البته با اصلاحاتی که در سال 1938 بر روی آن اعمال شد) مورد حمایت واحترام تمام سازمان های حرفه ای روزنامه نگاران فرانسه است. 3. اواسط دهۀ 1920 تا اوایل دهۀ1970 هیچ یک از تحولاتی که تا دهۀ 1920در حوزۀ اخلاق روزنامه نگاری رخ داد (اعم از: رشد پژوهشگری در حوزۀ مطبوعات، رشد انجمن های حرفه ای با مرام نامه های خاص اخلاقی و همچنین افزایش روزنامه نگاران مستقلی که اصول اخلاقی را به عنوان اولویت کاری خود قرار می دادند)، نتوانستند در برابر موج «طبیعت گرایی علمی» که از دهۀ 1930 در مراکز علمی به راه افتاده بود، مقاومت کنند و یا از مرگ اخلاق گرایی در این حوزه پیش گیری نمایند. بدین ترتیب، بعد از آخرین کتاب «کرافورد» ـ که در سال 1932 منتشر شد ـ، اصطلاح «اصول اخلاقی» و هم خانواده های آن نیز به مدت 40 سال از عناوین کتاب های ارتباطات جمعی در امریکای شمالی کنار گذاشته شد و به جای آن علوم طبیعی که به عنوان هدف غایی برنامۀ کاری محافل علمی (از جمله در حوزۀ ارتباطات) تعریف شده بود، شروع به گسترش و ترویج شیوه ها و اصول خاص خودش در قالب «روزنامه نگاری عینی» نمود. البته آن طور که «استفان وارد» (2004)، معتقد است روزنامه نگاری عینی، هم به عنوان متدولوژی (روش شناسی) و هم نوعی استاندارد اخلاقی به شمار می آمد؛ چرا که تعاریفی که برای این نوع خاص از روزنامه نگاری ارائه شده است، به نوعی، حاوی اصول اخلاقی نیز هست. اوّلین زمزمه ها در مورد عینیت گرایی در اخبار، از سوی «والتر لیپمن» مطرح شد. او در کتاب خود به نام «افکار عمومی» ـ که در سال 1922 منتشر شد ـ، روزنامه نگاری عینی را «تأثیر ندادن احساسات و تمایلات شخصی و رعایت بی طرفی کامل در کسب و انتشار اخبار» معرفی کرد. به موازات کوشش های لیپمن، «انجمن امریکایی مدیران روزنامه ها» نیز در سال 1923 برای پشتیبانی از روزنامه نگاری عینی، به تدوین اصول اخلاقی و شرافتی حرفۀ روزنامه نگاری در قالب «اصول اخلاقی انجمن مدیران روزنامه های امریکا» اقدام کردند که به موجب آن، حقیقت جویی و صحت گرایی، استقلال و بی طرفی و همچنین احترام به حیثیت فردی و نیز احساس مسئولیت در برابر مصالح عمومی، از مهم ترین مبانی حرفه ای روزنامه نگاری عینی معرفی شد. اهمیت اصل عینیت اخبار و گزارش های خبری، از دهۀ 1940 مورد توجه جدّی قرار گرفت. زیر چتر طبیعت گرایی علمی، اخلاق روزنامه نگاری، معادل گزارش بی طرفانه از اطلاعات خنثی قلمداد گردید. معرفی حقایق بدون آب و تاب دادن به آنها به عنوان استاندارد عملکرد خوب در نظر گرفته شد و تصمیم گیری در مورد این که این حقایق چه معنایی می توانند داشته باشند، به مخاطبان واگذار گردید و این طور به نظر می رسید دوره ای که در آن نهادهای ارزش مدار، اصول اخلاقی را تعیین می کردند، به نفع یک محیط حرفه ای و علمی ـ که به یک جهان بینی علمی ملتزم بود ـ، کنار گذاشته شده بود. برای مثال «لورنس مورفی» در سال 1924، تنها رویکرد علمی در اخبار را پرهیز از تعصب می دانست. او با تکیه بر خرد انسانی و به کارگیری اصول علمی، تأکید می کرد که حقایق باید به آینه واقعیت در اخبار تبدیل شوند. شکل گیری «سبک هرم وارونه» که بر اساس پاسخ گویی به پرسش های ششگانۀ (چه؟ چرا؟ چگونه؟ کجا؟ کی؟ و که؟) به منظور انطباق هر چه بیشتر اخبار و گزارش ها با اصل عینیت شکل گرفت نیز حاصل همین دوره است. هر چند در دهه های 1930 تا 1970، تنها مدل های خنثی و بی طرفانه بودند که حرف آخر را می زدند، امام کم کم نگرانی هایی نیز در خصوص اصول اخلاقی و دفاع از روزنامه نگاری ذهنی (عقیدتی) ابراز شد که از جمله مهم ترین آنها می توان به گزارش کمیسیون آزادی مطبوعات در سال 1948 در خصوص پیشبرد مسئولیت اجتماعی و به منظور اعتباربخشی مجدد به فعالیت های وسایل ارتباط جمعی اشاره کرد. این کمیسیون، در گزارش نهایی خود که با عنوان «مطبوعات آزاد و مسئول» در سال 1947 منتشر شد، با تأکید بر مسئولیت اجتماعی رسانه ها، آنها را ملزم به ارائۀ اخبار و گزارش های عینی و قابل درک و هوشمندانه از رویدادهای روز، تبادل تفسیرها و انتقادها، تصویرهای معرف گروه های مختلف جامعه و توجه به ارزش ها و آرمان ها و همچنین ضعف ها و خطاهای آنها و نیز خودداری از عرضۀ تصویرهای کلیشه ای از آنها، معرفی هدف ها و ارزش های جامعه با پرهیز از تحریک احساسات و دستکاری افکار عمومی و در نهایت ایجاد زمینۀ مساعد برای دستیابی کامل به اطلاعات روز می کرد. از دیگر تلاش های صورت گرفته در این دوره می توان به «اعلامیۀ بوردو» که در سال 1954 از سوی «فدراسیون بین المللی روزنامه نگاران» در خصوص وظایف اخلاقی و رفتار حرفه ای روزنامه نگاران منتشر شد اشاره کرد. همچنین «اعلامیۀ مونیخ» که در سال 1971 از سوی نمایندگان سندیکاها و اتحادیه های روزنامه نگاری شش کشور عضو جامعۀ اقتصادی اروپا «اتحادیۀ اروپای کنونی» با عنوان «اعلامیۀ مربوط به وظایف و حقوق روزنامه نگاران» منتشر شد و نیز قطعنامۀ مصوب سال 1962 «سازمان بین المللی روزنامه نگاران» و اعلامیۀ سال 1976 «فدراسیون روزنامه نگاران امریکای لاتین» دربارۀ اصول اخلاق حرفه ای روزنامه نگاری هم از جمله دیگر فعالیت های قابل توجه این دوره هستند. 4. دهۀ 1980 به بعد این دوره را ـ که با تلاش کشورهای جهان سوم به منظور برقراری «نظم نوین جهانی اطلاعات و ارتباطات» برای ایجاد تعادل و برابری در تبادل اطلاعات بین کشورهای جهان سوم و توسعه یافته همراه بود ـ، می توان به عنوان نقطۀ عطفی در بازنگری و تحول اصول اخلاق رسانه ای دانست. دو رویداد مهمی که زمینه ساز این بازنگری شدند، «گزارش مک براید» ـ که در سال 1980 از سوی سازمان علمی، آموزشی
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local translators as needed to maintain literal translations of concepts. The investigators and their field teams generally found it easy to apply the specific techniques that they attributed to the detailed, step-by-step instructions in the manual. A number of modifications in the instructions have been made as a consequence of the thoughtful suggestions from the teams, and the post-field test revisions are based on extensive discussions with the investigators. For example, the field teams made suggestions for identifying the most appropriate time to conduct the studies and provided creative suggestions concerning the use of specific examples in the local culture to help respondents understand questions. In some cases the teams found it advisable to adapt the dietary assessment modules - Modules 4 and 5 (Part II-C) in the manual. In the Philippines, respondents were asked to give a 24-hour recall before they were questioned with the food frequency procedure. The investigators instituted this change in order to orient the respondents to the concept of daily quantities. In India the team experienced some difficulty in recording portion size and preferred not to use the 24-hour recall in this manner. One investigator suggested that the food frequency procedure developed by IVACG (IVACG, 1989) could be substituted for Module 5, provided it was modified to use the food list developed from the other modules. Thus, the field test experiences suggested that it is possible to modify the dietary assessment section of the protocol to fit local circumstances, as long as the data yielded by the procedures can be used to rank-order the key-foods in the market survey. The community food system data tables were successfully applied in all the test sites. The tables are also useful in clearly highlighting where further research on food composition and species identification is required. In the study among the Aetas, the list of foods contained 128 items of which twenty-seven had no scientific identification and forty-two had no recorded values for carotene or retinol. Food items for which no composition data could be found also occurred in the Cajamarca study and in Filingué, Niger. Complete data were reported for all of the food items in the community food system data tables of Doumen, China and Sheriguda, India. To determine the ability of the protocol to document seasonal variation in food availability, and cultural perceptions of food selection as these relate to seasonality, the investigators in the Philippines repeated the study in both wet and dry seasons among the Aetas. The team found that in order to describe the variety of local vitamin A-containing food, it was necessary to have data from the wet season. They suggested that conditions in the dry season could have been obtained through interviews, without observation, by carefully interviewing key-informants. The data on cultural perceptions about food attributes and qualities remained stable. Thus, they concluded that a single study, carried out in the wet season, would have obtained all the necessary information. determine how sensitive the protocol is to differences in food availability and selection in rural and periurban communities within the same geographic area, the investigators in Peru conducted studies in two locations. The team documented substantial differences between the two sites, with greater use of animal foods and wild plants in the more rural site. Families in the periurban communities relied primarily on purchased foods, and the food list was much longer. On the other hand, there were many similarities in food items and food beliefs, although food beliefs appeared to be more diverse in the periurban area, in part because of in-migrants from other regions. Keys to understanding the available foods that can be used to prevent vitamin A deficiency are found in the key-informant interviews and the free list of foods, in the market surveys, and in the community food system data tables. In addition, information is found in the background materials on the historical, ecological, and cultural setting for the community food system. In addition to an examination of vitamin A content (retinol or carotene), food resource data needs to include information on preservation and preparation methods, as these affect nutrient levels. The manual facilitates collection of this type of information. For example, the study report from Niger includes the description of the long cooking processes for leafy vegetables, information that is important for evaluating the food supply as consumed. Studies also should note the sources of data on nutrient composition. Thus, it is useful to find in the report on Sheriguda village that the information in the food system data tables is based on food composition studies that were conducted with the current, advanced method of analysis (HPLC) in national laboratories. In the field studies, the community food system data tables proved to be a valuable means of summarizing the local situation. Among the Aetas in the Philippines, the table contained 128 food items. One hundred sixty one species are on the list for the periurban site in Peru, with seventy-four in the rural area; thirty-seven species are listed for Filingué, Niger; thirty-five in Doumen village, China; and forty-five for Sheriguda village in India. Although some areas had unidentified species with unknown vitamin A content, vitamin A-rich foods were identified in all the systems. The data tables also provided information on key sources of protein, fat, and other nutrients that are important in the prevention of vitamin A deficiency. Information on seasonality is obtained from the community food system data tables, market surveys, and key-informant interviews. For example, the study revealed that in Sheriguda village, pumpkin is available only during one short period during the year, while bachali (Basella alba), that is cooked with dahl, is available all year in local gardens, does not have to be purchased, and is an excellent source of carotene. Mango is popular with young children but is available for only two to three months. Papaya has a longer period of availability, but there are cultural barriers to its use (see following section, "Keys to Beliefs and Perceptions About Food"). Several field study reports pointed out the importance of paying special attention to how wild greens and leafy green vegetables are used. These species may be locally regarded as substantive food items or as condiments that are used in much smaller quantities. Greens may be dried and reserved as emergency or famine foods or preserved for use in herbal remedies. It is important to note preparation and preservation techniques. In Sheriguda village, another factor that affects use of greens is whether they are subject to infestation by insects or worms, in which case the food is rejected. survey reports provided a valuable source of data on both availability and price of important food items. As discussed further below, excellent sources of vitamin A-containing foods are found in local markets, but their prices may be prohibitive for those most at risk of deficiency. By including calculations of price-per-serving and the price per 1000 RE, the study provided a perspective on true availability, particularly when the average family daily wage or food expenditure total was known. Liver is a good example; in all five research areas' it was recognized as an excellent food, good for the eyes, and for protecting health. However, it was not available regularly from home animal production, and was not purchased often because of In this section we discuss food selection and consumption of pregnant and lactating women, and infants and young children. Information on consumption patterns was obtained from the food frequency and 24-hour recall modules, key-informant interviews, and the modules on food categories, attributes, and concepts. The general food pattern of families is a necessary first step in order to understand food patterns of vulnerable individuals. In Doumen village, China and Sheriguda, village, India, and in Filingué, Niger, families eat three meals a day. The first meal of the day often consists of the leftovers from the previous night. In Filingué meals are built around a grain with a sauce, that often contains greens and pumpkin, providing good potential for vitamin A. In Sheriguda, evening meals occasionally contain meat. For the Aetas, meals usually consist of rice and a sauce of greens; fat and animal protein is limited in the family meal pattern. There is little evidence from any of the sites that consumption patterns change during pregnancy. In Peru and Niger, pregnant women deliberately avoid eating too much because they do not want to gain too much weight, leading to a difficult delivery. While some food items are noted in each area as being good for pregnancy, there is no general pattern with respect to their vitamin A content. A change in diet during the postpartum period is characteristic in all areas. In Doumen village, many hen's eggs are given to women, who are also encouraged to eat dark-colored foods (such as black rice, red jujube) to regain their strength. In both sites in Peru most women interviewed reported that special foods, selected for their qualities with respect to the humoral medicine system, are consumed. In Sheriguda, three stages of postpartum diet are recognized: in the first three days, only rice with spices is eaten; from day four to twenty-one the diet is semi-restricted, with few animal and plant foods; a regular diet is resumed after twenty-one days. During lactation, women's dietary patterns may also be different from the rest of the family. In all areas, more liquids are taken, often as cereal gruels. In Niger women actively try to gain weight to recover their strength, and they seek more meat, liver, and richer sauces. While eggs are encouraged on a daily basis in Doumen village, they are rejected during lactation in Filingué, and are recognized as lactogenic foods in Sheriguda village. Breastfeeding is practiced in all areas, but for varying durations. Cessation of breastfeeding varies widely, from an average of six to thirty months. Rural areas (Chamis, Peru, and Filingué, Niger) have longer average periods of breastfeeding than urban areas. In Filingué and Doumen the first colostrum is discarded. Water with sugar is often given to newborns. Breastfeeding is supplemented with various foods, some of which have potential for providing vitamin A. For example, mashed vegetables and eggs are the first foods in Doumen village. Soups and purees are given in the Peruvian settings. In Peru herbal infusions are given to infants, but sweet potato, eggs, and greens are thought to be too strong for children under one year of age. Young children's eating patterns gradually assimilate to that of the family. Eggs are considered an ideal food for young children in Doumen village. In most areas, young children are reported to eat more snacks, including fruits and vegetables. In Sheriguda village, for example, carrots are regarded as a food only for children's snacking and are eaten raw. foregoing summaries suggest, the application of the procedures produced descriptive summaries of the dietary patterns of vulnerable groups. The modules on food beliefs provided information about the cultural factors associated with these Except under conditions of extreme scarcity, food beliefs play an important role in food selection. The main techniques used in the manual to describe food beliefs are open-ended, key-informant interviews and structured interviews with mother-respondents that use formal ethnographic methods to discover emic categories, food attributes, and qualities. Some of the food beliefs identified are found across wide culture areas, although they often show considerable intragroup variation as well as locally introduced variation. An example of a widely held belief is the finding from Sheriguda, concerning papaya. Throughout southern India, papaya is seen as a food that causes dysmenorrhea in women and impotence in men. Although it is rich in provitamin A, it is usually not accepted as a suitable food for pregnant or lactating women, infants, or young children. In Sheriguda, papaya is generally available, but consumed only by children four to fifteen years of age. Other beliefs related to vitamin A consumption included: liver is bad for children as it will cause indigestion; eggs are a "hot" food and should be used with caution; and pumpkin is a vatham food, a feature that can cause swelling and indigestion. The attributions or qualities of food in Sheriguda emphasized taste, goodness for health, hot/cold, vatham, giving strength, used for festivals, causing diarrhea or cough, increases blood, and generally not good for the body. In the Peruvian rural area (Chamis) and in periurban San Vicente, the hot or cold humoral system continues to be important in structuring food beliefs. Foods are designated as caliente (hot) or fresco (cool). Caliente foods include vitamin A-rich items, including green herbs, while fruits are generally fresco. Sweet potato and carrot are neutral. Other important attributes of food in Chamis include giving strength, good taste, causing indigestion, and causing diarrhea. In San Vicente the attribute of good nutrition is recognized, and for children included such foods as eggs, cow's milk, breastmilk, carrot, sweet potato, papaya, and mango. Other attributes included "combatting weakness" and "good taste." While the sites differed with respect to the literacy level of the mother-respondents, the techniques for identifying food attributes and qualities performed well in all of them. In Filingué, Niger, the attributes of animal foods included the concepts of strengthening, fattening, healthful, and blood-rich. Some foods were designated that make children feel good, are tasty, or vitamin-rich. In Doumen village people identified food as tasty, prestigious, nutritious, healthful, and filling. In selecting vegetables, beans, and meats, the main attributes of concern were price and taste. For staple foods (noodles, rice, steamed bread), filling and taste were both important. Commonly-held beliefs included the capacity of foods to impart their characteristics to the individuals who consume them. For example, it was thought that eating rabbit meat might cause a child to have a mouth and lips like a rabbit. Aetas, the concept of richness emerged as a quality of concern with respect to food. People suggested that if one eats rich food they will become spoiled and want it all the time; therefore, moderation is encouraged, except during feasts. Other food attributes included: strength-giving, filling, tasty, healthful, expensive, and prestigious. Some foods are characterized as delicious, nutritious, good for mother/child, good for the eyes, good for the blood, and for increasing breastmilk. The manual directs investigators to obtain data on microlevel (local) factors that affect food availability, health, and the potentials for family food selection. Some of this information is found in reports and interviews with persons in regional government agencies and is included in the background material in the section on the setting of the food system. Information is also obtained In key-informant interviews, market surveys, food system data tables, and food frequency data. Two key areas of local-level information included in the manual are land availability and local markets. If families have limited land resources to grow or harvest their own food and have limited income, the data on local food prices from the market survey are critical for determining accessibility of vitamin A-rich food. This issue was noted in investigators' reports from all the study sites. Often it is not possible for families to purchase animal food and vitamin-rich seasonal plant food because of their costs. The accessibility and use of fat and animal foods are closely related problems. If fat and zinc are limited, and there is evidence of protein-energy malnutrition in the population, these factors may be more critical to the development of vitamin A deficiency than the amount of carotene or retinol in the food supply. For example, the shortage of fat and protein in the Aetas' food system was identified by the investigators as a significant feature. Market accessibility for the sale of home-produced food is another factor that requires attention in the ethnography. Home-produced animal food (especially eggs and milk) and seasonal fruits and vegetables may be sold rather than fed to family members. Decision-making within the family with respect to allocation of home-produced food, as well as food purchasing, is a subject of inquiry in these
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surgeries with the goal of preserving fertility, and also many involving the definitive surgery of hysterectomy and removal of both ovaries. Since 1998, we have worked with Dr. John Boggess of our Division of Gynecologic Oncology to develop techniques for removing very advanced endometriosis that has invaded the rectum. We now have experience in over 60 cases removing portions of the rectal wall or even entire 5 or 6 inch segments of the rectum, and reconnecting the bowel, all laparoscopically. The safety of this procedure is equivalent to that of the same surgery done through a large open incision, and the recovery is far easier when it can be done laparoscopically. In some carefully selected cases, the best pain relief can be obtained by performing a pre-sacral neurectomy, a procedure that cuts some of the nerve fibers that supply the central part of the pelvis (mostly the uterus). While the procedure is helpful in about 75% of cases, it does have significant risks, and is therefore performed only after thorough counseling about its risks and benefits.For many women with endometriosis, the goal of treatment is to preserve fertility as well as relieve pain. For this reason, we work closely with members of the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, as necessary, to accomplish both goals. What about chronic pain with mild endometriosis? In many cases, endometriosis can be present without any symptoms at all. So when so endometriosis is found in someone with pain, the physician still needs to make a careful judgement about just how much of the pain is due to the disease. We see many women referred for pain evaluation who have had extensive treatments for the endometriosis, but with little benefit. In many instances, rather than escalating the treatment into more involved surgery or more intensive medical therapies, it makes sense to carefully evaluate other potential sources of pain. For example, we often find that women who have been battling endometriosis for years develop sensitivity in surrounding organs, such as the bladder and bowels, as well as uncomfortable spasms of the pelvic floor muscles. In these instances, it is important to treat these other problem areas as well as treat the endometriosis. How much experience has the UNC group had? We see about 700 new patients each year, about half of whom have had endometriosis. FORTE MARGHERA E BOSCHI DI MESTRE 29 DICEMBRE 2022 KM. 59 foto di Licia Bressan e Gianni Pizzolato KM.0 KM. 26 - FORTE MARGHERA Forte Marghera è una fortezza ottocentesca ed ex-caserma dell'Esercito Italiano .Il forte era parte del campo trincerato di Mestre e del più ampio sistema difensivo della laguna. È oggi proprietà del comune di Venezia, parco pubblico, sede di eventi e produzioni culturali. La necessità di realizzare una fortezza in corrispondenza del punto in cui più la terraferma si avvicinava a Venezia venne intuita, dopo la caduta della Serenissima ed il trattato di Campoformio del 1797, dall'Impero austriaco. Questi erano infatti consapevoli che da tale posizione i nuovi mezzi di artiglieria avrebbero potuto raggiungere Venezia, distante appena quattro chilometri in linea d'aria. Sull'area sorgeva già il vecchio borgo di Marghera, sede di magazzini e dogane, che venne inglobato nel Forte: la chiesa di Marghera, ad esempio, divenne una caserma e il ponte cinquecentesco sul Canal Salso fu trasformato in magazzino dopo la copertura delle volte; anche l'unica osteria del borgo verrà riutilizzata come deposito. Nel 1805 vennero quindi avviati i lavori spianando il vecchio borgo e realizzando il primo nucleo del forte, che venne rinforzato alle spalle dalla presenza di nuove batterie su palafitte a guardia dei canali navigabili, che si aggiungevano alle preesistenti fortificazioni veneziane. Con l'annessione del Veneto nel 1866, in seguito al Trattato di Vienna, il Forte Marghera divenne il centro della riorganizzazione militare avviata dal Regno d'Italia nella piazza militare di Venezia. Il nuovo regno considerava infatti la città vitale per la difesa dell'intero settore nord-orientale da un'eventuale invasione austriaca. KM. 32 - I BOSCHI DI MESTRE Il Bosco Ottolenghi Con i suoi 30 ettari è stata la prima area attrezzata a bosco aperta al pubblico; è di proprietà della Fondazione Querini Stampalia ed ora in usufrutto al Comune di Venezia. Piantata nel 1998 questa importante porzione del Bosco nel 2007 era già pronta per essere utilizzata. L'Istituzione "il Bosco di Mestre" ha realizzato le attrezzature (percorsi pedonali e ciclabili, aree di sosta, passerelle, parcheggio, segnaletica, ecc...) che permetteranno di frequentare il Bosco. Questo bosco è dedicato alla memoria di Adolfo Ottolenghi, uomo di dialogo e di cultura, rabbino della comunità ebraica durante la Shoah, deportato e ucciso ad Auschwitz assieme a tanti suoi concittadini. Il Bosco di Franca Il bosco di Franca si trova in adiacenza al bosco Ottolenghi e ricopre un'area di 22 ettari. Al suo interno interagiscono tre diversi ecosistemi: il bosco, le aree umide e il prato. Il bosco è stato realizzato tra il 2003 e il 2006. Le due aree umide di notevoli dimensioni sono state realizzate nel 2012 con lo scopo di depurare le acque che sfociano in laguna. Un simile ambiente attrae anfibi e uccelli acquatici, incrementa la biodiversità e migliora significativamente il paesaggio naturale. Il prato costituisce la radura, che si estende per circa 3 ettari ed è attraversata da un percorso ciclopedonale. Nella parte centrale è stata conservata una siepe boscata preesistente come testimonianza della gestione tradizionale dei terreni agricoli. Con l'obiettivo di migliorare il paesaggio e aumentare la biodiversità è inoltre stato seminato un miscuglio di sementi costituito da specie erbacee annuali (papavero e fiordaliso) e perenni (tra cui margherita, salvia dei prati, centaura minore, vulneraria). From the perspective of child-focused nutrition research, the analysis of the school cafeteria culture and environment is critical. Most children eat at least one meal at school per school day, thus elementary schools are a good setting for influencing the early development of healthy eating habits. The salad bar in particular has gained attention as a means of increasing fruit and vegetable consumption. The purpose of the present study was to provide insight about the types of items children choose or do not choose from the salad bar. Our aims were to document elementary school children's food selection patterns by examining photographs of 2903 cafeteria trays. Our results show students in this study took very few items – and a substantial number did not take any at all. We examined three factors, gender, grade, and item placement, in relation to food selection. Gender was the most significant factor, with girls being more likely to choose both fruits and vegetables. Students in lower grades were more likely to select vegetables and to choose more of them. Finally, item placement did not affect choice. Our findings lead us to suggest the importance of integrating information about fruits and vegetables into the school curriculum and that schools strongly consider which items to offer because our results indicate children consistently do not choose certain items and probably do not conceive of them in the context of the adult concept of a salad. Finally, because a child's choice of food is not always a simple act we suggest ethnographic research on how children perceive and use salad bars would provide important insight into the value of retaining or expanding salad bars in elementary schools. Appetite – Elsevier Published: Jan 1, 2018 It’s your single place to instantly discover and read the research that matters to you. Enjoy affordable access to over 18 million articles from more than 15,000 peer-reviewed journals. All for just $49/month Query the DeepDyve database, plus search all of PubMed and Google Scholar seamlessly Save any article or search result from DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar... all in one place. Get unlimited, online access to over 18 million full-text articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals. Read from thousands of the leading scholarly journals from SpringerNature, Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press and more. All the latest content is available, no embargo periods. “Hi guys, I cannot tell you how much I love this resource. Incredible. I really believe you've hit the nail on the head with this site in regards to solving the research-purchase issue.”Daniel C. “Whoa! It’s like Spotify but for academic articles.”@Phil_Robichaud “I must say, @deepdyve is a fabulous solution to the independent researcher's problem of #access to #information.”@deepthiw “My last article couldn't be possible without the platform @deepdyve that makes journal papers cheaper.”@JoseServera The Singularity - a potential future event that represents computers overtaking human intelligence - is one of the most talked about ideas on Big Think. However, here is a perspective that we don't often see. How will the Singularity impact economic productivity? You will get $40 trillion just by reading this essay and understanding what it says. That's what Ray Kurzweil famously wrote in his 2001 essay, "The Law of Accelerating Returns." Now that's a bit hard to grasp. On the other hand, here is how Robin Hanson, an economist at George Mason University in Washington, D.C., put it to NBC News: The past two singularities — the Agricultural and Industrial revolutions — led to a doubling in economic productivity every 1,000 and 15 years, respectively, said Robin Hanson, an economist at George Mason University in Washington, D.C., who is writing a book about the future singularity. But once machines become as smart as man, the economy will double every week or month. Morire durante i negoziati di pace: difensori dei diritti umani uccisi in Colombia 9 Febbraio 2017 Tempo di lettura stimato: 1' In Colombia, è iniziata l’applicazione dell’accordo di pace tra il governo e le Forze armate rivoluzionarie di Colombia e sono partiti i negoziati con l’Esercito di liberazione nazionale dopo che questo gruppo armato ha rilasciato uno dei suoi ostaggi di alto profilo. Eppure, per i difensori dei diritti umani non è cambiato nulla: solo nel mese di gennaio ne sono stati assassinati 10, il doppio della media mensile del 2016. Amnesty International aveva ammonito che gli accordi di pace non avrebbero migliorato la situazione dei diritti umani se non fossero stati affrontati i problemi legati alle lotte per i diritti sulla terra e la tutela dell’ambiente contro lo strapotere degli interessi politici ed economici locali, spalleggiati dalle formazioni paramilitari. Le attività dei paramilitari risultano in aumento soprattutto nelle regioni di Urabá e di Valle del Cauca. مهاجم تیم پرسپولیس گفت:از تیم ملی که برگشتم چون با تیم ملی بودم و با باشگاه تمرین نکرده بودم شرایطم بد بود. مهدی طارمی بعد از آنکه از وی پرسیده شد احساست چیست که بعد از ۱۳ سال سپاهان را در اصفهان بردید با خنده و تعجب گفت: جدی؟ ۱۳ سال بود سپاهان را در اصفهان نبرده بودیم؟ مهدی طارمی ادامه داد:خدا را شکر که توانستیم سپاهان را ببریم. بچه ها از همان اول فوتبال بازی کردند و ما از اول پرس کردیم و فشار آوردیم و سپاهان را در زمین خودش نگه داشتیم تا حملات مان را دنبال کنیم. مهاجم پرسپولیس در خصوص زدن دو گل گفت: من در سه چهار بازی اول اصلا بدنسازی نکرده بودم و یک ربع یک ربع بازی می کردم. از تیم ملی که برگشتم چون با تیم ملی بودم و با باشگاه تمرین نکرده بودم شرایطم بد بود. در مقابل استقلال خوب بازی کردم و نتوانستم گل بزنم که عذر خواهی می کنم. مهدی طارمی در خصوص شادی بعد از گل گفت: به امید گفتم از گل زدن بیا بیرون و پاس گل بده. مثل پارسال که آقای پاس گل شدی. ولی امسال بیشتر تمرکزش را گذاشت روی پاس گل و خدا را شکر که گل هم زد. مهدی طارمی در خصوص دربی گفت: دربی شرایط خاص خودش را دارد و شرایط خودش را دارد. در دربی هم خوب بودیم و اگر موقعیت های ما گل می شد بازی را برده بودیم. |白雪公主 + 蜗牛 Gel = <3 4ever| 细节: 产品全称:Mizon多功能配方蜗牛恢复凝胶霜 目的 :一种凝胶型保湿剂,旨在作为多层护肤方案中的最后“密封”步骤(part 1, part 2),但它本身也很棒。 它包含74%的蜗牛滤液,并且经过“ KFDA认证”(可以接受)以防皱。 质地 :较厚的一面是半透明的凝胶,但绝对不是包装所暗示的“奶油”。 香味 : Minimal. Unoffensive. 有点像Cetaphil,也许吗? 不太花香或草本。 数量 :45毫升,装在一个挤压管中。 可用性: Luckily this is now widely and 便宜的ly available, 在 9美元从亚马逊 和 6美元从易趣,但我不会支付超过$ 10的费用。 从RoseRoseShop之类的韩国网站购买大约需要5美元,但您必须考虑运费。 价钱 :$ 5- $ 10,我在我身边 评分 : 5/5我无法提供任何文字,模因或图像来表达我对该产品的热爱。<3 回购: 我没办法not积6个月的补给,因为我可能会倾向于将它们藏在我们卧室的黑暗角落中,在我宠爱它们的同时蹲下“ Precioussss”,并在他敢于侵入时狠狠地瞪着我的配偶我的巢穴。 到那时,如果有电影要走的话,我正冒着失去所有头发的危险,成为一个精明的妖精。 因此,我们只需将其保留为“是,我会大量回购它”。 完整评论: 尽管它现在更受欢迎,但去年我对Mizon的Snail BB霜()产生新的热爱后,我正在寻找这种凝胶的评论( 已审查 ),很难找到零售商不愿意的东西。 我一直试图在网上找到亚洲产品评论,这一直是我的抱怨,并且 我开始写这个博客的原因 首先。 尽管Mizon 蜗牛 BB霜令人鼓舞,但我对整个蜗牛业务仍然感到非常恐惧,但是这种“ 蜗牛 Recovery Gel”是末日的开始。 抵抗是徒劳的。 As much as putting on what my husband 恶心的ly describes as "snail grease" had a serious ick factor, once I experienced the beautifully hydrating, plumping, soothing, smoothing, softening effect of this magic in a tube, I was hooked. 我将其用作所有解决方案。 我在脸颊上的干燥皮肤斑块上使用它。 On my oily t-zone. 皮肤因过度狂热而变嫩 克拉里奥尼克/深层清洁油. 在愈合过程中出现瑕疵。 On angry blemishes 顽固地拒绝@#$%!已经治愈了。 On 瑕疵 that are about to crop up. 我有没有提到这个东西是 惊人 预防痤疮? 如果我没有,蜗牛胶 + 粉刺 = unbelievable healing turnaround. 皮肤“恢复”确实! 与其重新讨论为什么蜗牛粘胶为何能如此出色地穿在您的皮肤上,我只是引用蜗牛BB霜评论中的这一部分: 所以基本上,它的目的是 更快地愈合伤口. 因此,它对一切事物都有影响,从试图形成的斑点到不会消失的顽固。 自从我开始使用它以来,原本需要一周时间才能治愈的突围几天就消失了,而本来会变成可怕的纸袋头饰天的瑕疵却变得越来越小,红色
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può anche essere abbinato al contenitore di stoccaggio beddinge (non più acquistato presso ikea più) che si adatta al meglio sotto il divano. Un'enorme testata imbottita risulta nel mix di eclettismo. In questa suite padronale blu non violenta, scoprirai un senso terroso. Vuoi assicurarti sinceramente desideri dolci? Vuoi un fantastico colore della vernice calmante, come questo cielo blu. Si adatta alle tue finanze. Una scelta elastica e flessibile è il letto a molle insacchettate. Un'opzione mid-rate è una molla continua, una rete tessuta di bobine. Per i budget inferiori, osserva i materassi a molle aperte, con le molle a clessidra personali. Non devi più essere appassionato di molle, ricorda un letto visco-elastico o memory foam. Sei progettato per rispondere al tuo peso corporeo, dopo di che torni alla sua forma originale dopo esserti alzato. I modelli moderni si occupano anche di ibridi: i materassi a molle possono avere una parte superiore in schiuma di memoria, mentre i materassi con cuscino-pinnacolo o con rivestimento a cuscino assicurano uno strato aggiuntivo per un letto più soffice ed extra-caro. In 1999, East Timor voted for independence from Indonesia. That same year the United Nations Security Council created the United Nations Transitional Authority in East Timor ("UNTAET") to help East Timor transition to democracy, self-governance, and sustainable development. Seven years earlier, the United Nations launched a similar mission in Cambodia called the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia ("UNTAC"). There are many similarities between East Timor and Cambodia, and both UNTAET and UNTAC are second-generation United Nations peacekeeping missions. UNTAC and UNTAET had similar mandates, including security, civil administration, and elections. UNTAC encountered opposition from the Cambodian parties, and consent for its mandate eroded. UNTAET fulfilled its mandate, because it had broad consent bases for its mission. UNTAET also had a comprehensive transitional plan that integrated the East Timorese and organized its components, United Nations agencies, and external organizations. Given UNTAET's success, it is evident that designing peacekeeping missions to ensure intricate coordination between various constituencies and organizations improves the outcome. Gathering and maintaining broad consent is thus a necessary condition for successful UN peacekeeping missions, especially missions designed to rebuild governments, infrastructure, and civil society. Dianne M. Criswell, Durable Consent and a Strong Transitional Peacekeeping Plan: The Successes of UNTAET in Light of the Lessons Learned in Cambodia, 11 Pac. Rim L & Pol'y J. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wilj/vol11/iss3/5 Estorsione ed atti persecutori. Queste le accuse che avevano fatto scattare l'altro ieri, l'arresto per E.C. un operaio di 52 anni di Veroli. L'uomo era finito nel mirino dei carabinieri a seguito della denuncia di un socio con il quale lavorava da tempo. Secondo le accuse avrebbe estorto denaro al collega per una somma di 120 mila euro. Le accuse infondate Ma ieri nel corso della convalida dell'arresto gli avvocati difensori Pino Cefaloni e Vittorio Vitali hanno dimostrato al giudice che il loro assistito non aveva avuto alcuna volontà di estorcere denaro. In realtà l'uomo anticipava sempre i soldi per acquistare il materiale. Da quando avevano iniziato a lavorare insieme avevano pattuito che le spese dovevano essere divise a metà. Invece, a causa di un datore di lavoro che non era stato preciso nei pagamenti, per circa un anno ad anticipare i soldi per l'acquisto del materiale era sempre stato il 52enne. Da qui le continue pressioni per farsi restituire il denaro che aveva anticipato. Il divieto di dimora Per la cronaca va detto che parte di quei soldi il socio li aveva anche restituiti. Ma doveva versargli ancora una consistente somma. Il giudice ha accolto la tesi difensiva e pur convalidando l'arresto ha rimesso in libertà l'uomo disponendo come misura restrittiva il divieto di avvicinamento alla vittima dell'estorsione e il divieto di dimora a Bovillle Ernica, città dove risiede il denunciante. Il magistrato ha ritenuto di dover disporre una misura restrittiva identica a quella che generalmente si applica per il reato di stalking. Nel contempo dovrebbe tutelare il socio da eventuali persecuzioni. Gli atti adesso passeranno al pubblico ministero per la prosecuzione delle indagini. 相亲才会赢20151224期 相亲才会赢20151224视频直播 情感冷漠常使交往者打退堂鼓。一般说来,“来而不往非礼也”,但是有些情况下,当不需要这样的交往时,态度冷淡是中止交往的最好办法。 感情相同时往往会得到双方的共鸣。俗话说“同病相怜”便是如此,就狭义讲,患同样疾病的人,在一起时很容易谈病史及用什么药较好等;就广义讲,当人感情相同时,很快便能寻找共同语言,一见倾心。 坦诚和坦白可以获得人的同情。社会交往中,诚实地承认错误,胜于强词夺理,狡辩令人讨厌并使问题更加复杂。毫不掩饰错误,常常得到谅解。如司法实践中,从来都是坦白从宽,抗拒从严;谈恋爱时,坦诚地告诉对方自己的坎坷经历,或者明言自己曾失身失足,往往引起对方同情、理解而获得爱情。 多轮谈判当中,先由一个唱黑脸再由一个唱白脸,更容易达到预期目的。如唱黑脸者先提出一些强硬的条件和要求,经过多个回合,再换唱白脸者做出某些“缓和”与“让步”,对手会认为比黑脸方案要好而最终接受白脸方案。 喜欢原则。当你喜欢某人时,你就会自动撤除障碍,去接近他,爱屋及乌,包括赞扬他的观点和所作所为,或者有求必应;反之,你会隐蔽自己,建立藩篱,远离你不喜欢的人。 嘻笑怒骂往往能达到目的,使对方难以抵抗,不战而降。常见于商业谈判及辩论。如抓住对方的弱点或犹豫不决时,选择对方意想不到的问题,四面出击,真真假假,虚虚实实,使之屈服。 Prototipo di carro armato medio sviluppato da Daimler-Benz fra il 1939 e il 1941. Questo veicolo era destinato a diventare il nuovo carro armato standard per la Wehrmacht. Il prototipo fu schierato sul fronte orientale. Test di combattimento rivelarono diversi gravi difetti. Nel 1941 il carro fu ritenuto obsoleto ed il progetto venne cancellato. Tempo per l'autoricarica successiva di ogni proiettile nel caricatore. Le caratteristiche si riferiscono alla modalità Assedio. Le caratteristiche si riferiscono alla modalità Rapida. Tempo di ricarica del primo e del secondo cannone nei veicoli a doppia canna. Le caratteristiche si riferiscono a veicoli con equipaggi addestrati al 100%. حداقل میزان مشارکت در ادوار انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ایران حدود ٥٠ و حداکثر آن ٨٥ درصد است. بنابراین همواره حداقل نیمی از مردم در انتخابات مشارکت داشته اند و حداقل حدود ١٥ درصد هم هیچوقت مشارکت نداشته اند. به گزارش شبکه اطلاع رسانی راه دانا؛ حداقل میزان مشارکت در ادوار انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ایران حدود ٥٠ و حداکثر آن ٨٥ درصد است. بنابراین همواره حداقل نیمی از مردم در انتخابات مشارکت داشته اند و حداقل حدود ١٥ درصد هم هیچوقت مشارکت نداشته اند. در طول ٤٠ سال گذشته، عوامل متعدد موثر در حضور یا عدم حضور مردم پای صندوق رای بر این ٣٥ درصد (فاصله بین ٥٠ تا ٨٥) تاثیر گذاشته اند. نگاه تک عاملی به میزان مشارکت مردم در انتخابات که این روزها در میان رسانه ها مد شده، هم غلط است و هم غیر علمی. از سوی دیگر وزن هر یک از این عوامل هم در هر دوره متفاوت است. اما در مجموع سی چهل سال گذشته بررسی در میان این عوامل نشان می دهد سه عامل نقش مهمتری از بقیه داشته اند. اولین و مهمترین عامل، کارآمدی دولت مستقر و میزان توجه او به مسائل و مشکلات مردم بوده است. دومین عامل توان ایجاد امید و انگیزه در مردم برای تغییر وضع موجود توسط نامزدها (عمدتا در انتخابات پایان دوره دوم رئیس جمهور مستقر) و سومین عامل هم فضای رقابتی، دو قطبی و هیجانی ایجاد شده در ایام انتخابات بوده است. بررسی و تحلیل میزان مشارکت مردم در انتخابات ادوار مختلف ریاست جمهوری نشان می دهد هر گاه حداقل دو عامل از سه عامل پیش گفته توامان وجود داشته، اکثریت این ٣٥ درصد پای صندوقهای رای آمده اند و هر میزان حضور این سه عامل کم رنگ تر بوده، درصد پای کار آمدن این ٣٥ درصد به صفر نزدیک تر شده است. برای روشن تر شدن مطلب مثال می زنم: در انتخابات سال ٧٦، عامل اول موجب کاهش انگیزه مردم برای حضور در انتخابات می شد چرا که مردم تورم ٥٠ درصدی را تجربه کرده بودند و شاهد شورشهای اجتماعی و اعتراضات اقتصادی در برخی شهرهای کشور بودیم اما حضور پررنگ دو عامل دیگر یعنی توان ایجاد امید و انگیزه تغییر در وضع موجود توسط نامزد جریان اصلاحات و ایجاد یکی از شدیدترین دو قطبی های انتخاباتهای ٤٠ سال گذشته موجب شد ٢٩درصد از ٣٥ درصد، پای صندوق بیایند. در سال ٨٨ اما عامل اول، نقش مهمی در آوردن مردم پای صندوق رای داشت؛ و برای اولین بار در تاریخ انقلاب، مشارکت در انتخابات دور دوم یک رئیس جمهور، بیشتر از مشارکت دور اول انتخاب او بود. عامل دوم اما نقش جدی ای نداشت چون شرایط معیشتی برای عموم مردم مطلوب بود و تغییر وضع موجود با توجه به امکا ادامه دولت مستقر، گزینه اصلی مردم نبود. اما دو قطبی شدید اتخاباتی هم به کمک مشارکت آمد و نقش موثر عامل اول و ترکیب آن با عامل سوم موجب شد رکورد حضور مردم پای صندوق رای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری شکسته شود و کل ٣٥ درصد پای صندوق بیایند. سال ٩٢؛ عامل اول به دلیل اتفاقات دو سال آخر عمر دولت دهم قدری خدشه دار شده بود؛ عامل دوم و سوم هم به کم آمد تا انتخابات با مشارکت ٧٤ درصدی برگزار شود. سال ٩٦ طبیعتا عامل دوم کم رنگ بود، عامل اول هم تا حد بیشتری ضعیف شده بود اما حضور پررنگ عامل سوم و دو قطبی بسیار شدید شکل گرفته موجب شد تنها ٢ درصد کمتر از دوره قبل در این انتخابات شرکت کنند. با این مقدمه مشارکت حدود ٥٠ درصدی انتخابات ١٤٠٠ را چطور تحلیل کنیم؟ 🔻انتخابات ١٤٠٠ در انتخابات اخیر، همه برآوردها و تحلیلهای کمی و کیفی شرایط موجود نشان می داد برای اولین بار بخشی از آن ٥٠ درصد همیشگی مشارکت کننده هم انگیزه ای برای حضور پای صندوق ندارند. امسال، نبود عامل اول آنقدر جدی بود که هیچ برآوردی نمی توانست به طور یقینی چنین مشارکتی را پیش بینی کند و همه از مشارکتی به مراتب پایین تر سخن می گفتند.(دقت شود که همه نظرسنجیها عدد مشارکت را فارغ از تاثیر کرونا اعلام می کردند) از طرفی عامل سوم هم به طور جدی شکل نگرفت هر چند در نهایت انتخابات یک انتخابات رقابتی بود. اما عامل دوم؛ شاید برای اولین بار طی ادوار مختلف، عملکرد دولت روحانی به گونه ای معیشت مردم را دچار تنگنا کرده بود که امید و انگیزه ای برای بخش قابل توجهی از مردم نسبت به حضور در انتخابات و ایجاد تغییر نمانده بود. گلایه مندی شدید و ناامیدی ازبهبود وضعیت موجود انقدر گسترده بود که رهبر انقلاب نیز در سخنان خود به آن اشاره کردند. عوامل جدید در کاهش مشارکت در سال ١٤٠٠ اتفاق مهم دیگر در این دوره که آن را متمایز از دوره های پیشین می کند نقش چندین عامل دیگر در کاهش مشارکت بود. عواملی که هر کدام می توانستند چندین درصد در کاهش مشارکت موثر باشند. کرونا؛ به اذعان افکارسنجیهای معتبر این عامل بین ٩ تا ١٢ درصد در کاهش مشارکت و کاهش عدد مشارکت اعلامی توسط نظرسنجیها میتوانست موثر باشد خط تحریم همه جانبه انتخابات از سوی ماهواره ها، ضدانقلاب و بخشی از اصلاح طلبان تحریم انتخابات و اعلام علنی آن از سوی احمدی نژاد (احمدی نژاد در بخشی از مردم که از انحرافات اعتقادی او مطلع نیستند و تنها برخی اقدامات خوب اقتصادی او را می شناسند پایگاه اجتماعی دارد) اقدام قاطع شورای نگهبان در عمل به مر قانون که منجر به حذف نامزدهای اصلی جریان اصلاحات و احمدی نژاد شد (به اذعان افکارسنجیهای دقیق حضور این افراد حداکثر ٨ درصد مشارکت را افزایش می داد) در نهایت اختلال و کارشکنی در روند برگزاری انتخابات در روز جمعه (به اذعان برخی نهادهای ذی ربط بین ١ تا ٢ میلیون رای در روز جمعه به دلیل این اختلالها زایل شد) با این توضیحات و با یک نگاه واقع بینانه، مشارکت مردم در انتخابات امسال حداقل ١٠ و حداکثر ٢٠ درصد فراتر از همه برآوردها و انتظارات بود و اگر نام حماسه بر آن گذاشته شود، چندان هم بیراه نیست. اما ویژگی متمایز این مشارکت، پررنگ بودن وجه گلایه مندی و اعتراضی آن نسبت به ادوار گذشته بود که عمدتا ناشی از ناکارآمدی مفرط دولت و کشتن امید و انگیزه مردم برای تغییر بود؛ البته بخشی از آن هم ناشی از عدم حضور نامزد مورد نظر برخی مشارکت کنندگان در انتخابات بود. درصد قابل توجه آرای سفید و باطله که حدود هفت هشت درصد از نرم همیشگی این نوع رای در ادوار گذشته بالاتر بود، وجه تمایز انتخابات ١٤٠٠ بود که باید به درستی تحلیل و تبیین شود. اما اینکه عده ای دوره افتاده اند و با بازی کردن با آمار مشارکت و پررنگ کردن آن نیمه غایب پای صندوق رای تلاش دارند، مشکل را به گونه دیگری ترسیم کنند دور از انصاف واقع بینی است. جریان احمدی نژاد بدون هیچ مبنایی همه آنها که مشارکت نکرده و آنهایی که سفید رای داده اند را هم نظر و هم رای با خود می داند؛ ضد انقلاب هم همه این طیف را مخالف نظام! در این مجال وقت پاسخ به تک تک بازیهای آماری مضحکی که این جریانات این روزها راه انداخته اند نیست. مثلا احمدی نژاد آمار مشارکت ٩٨درصدی در رفراندوم ٥٨ را معیار قرار می دهد در حالیکه در همان سال و در اولین دوره ریاست جمهوری ٦٧ درصد مردم مشارکت داشته اند؛ یا برخیها درصد رای رئیسی نسبت به کل واجدین را نشانه ضعف رئیسی می دانند! در حالیکه این درصد به دلیل عدم مشارکت محقق شده که علتش عملکرد دولت مستقر است و اساسا رای یک رئیس جمهور در دوره
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n, elinizde bir çift varsa, bu kartları tutarak kazanma şansınızı artırabilirsiniz. Aynı şekilde, elinizde bir renk veya sıralı bir dizi varsa, bu kartları da tutmanız önemlidir. Oasis Poker’ın bir diğer önemli stratejisi ise, krupiyenin elini yenmek için bahis miktarınızı doğru bir şekilde ayarlamaktır. Bahis miktarınızı, elinizdeki kartların değerine ve krupiyenin elini yenme şansınıza göre belirlemelisiniz. Eğer elinizde güçlü bir el varsa, daha yüksek bir bahis yaparak kazancınızı artırabilirsiniz. Ancak, eliniz zayıf ise, daha düşük bir bahis yaparak riskinizi azaltabilirsiniz. Oasis Poker’ı oynarken, dikkat etmeniz gereken bir diğer nokta da krupiyenin elini doğru bir şekilde değerlendirmektir. Krupiyenin elindeki kartları analiz ederek, elinizdeki kartlara göre nasıl bir strateji izlemeniz gerektiğini belirleyebilirsiniz. Örneğin, krupiyenin elinde zayıf bir el varsa, daha agresif bir strateji izleyerek kazanma şansınızı artırabilirsiniz. Sonuç olarak, Oasis Poker, poker severler için kazançlarını artırmak için harika bir seçenektir. Oyunun temel kurallarını anlamak ve stratejileri doğru bir şekilde uygulamak, kazanma şansınızı artıracaktır. Kart değiştirme kararını doğru bir şekilde vermek, bahis miktarınızı ayarlamak ve krupiyenin elini doğru bir şekilde değerlendirmek, başarılı bir Oasis Poker oyuncusu olmanızı sağlayacaktır. Bu stratejileri uygulayarak, Oasis Poker ile kazançlarınızı artırabilirsiniz. 2018-03-06 求医网 从2017年年初开始,导致南非180人死亡的李氏杆菌病疫情的源头已被查明,4日南非卫生部长阿伦·莫措阿莱迪发表生命,李氏杆菌病的罪魁祸首就是所属的南非大型食品企业虎牌公司一家食品生产厂,此次事件的涉事工厂4日宣布召回所有问题产品。 【暴发源头获确认】 李氏杆菌病由李氏杆菌(又称李斯特菌)引起。老人、孕妇、婴儿等免疫力低下人群食用受李氏杆菌污染的食物后可能患病,甚至有生命危险,初期症状类似流感,如发烧、头痛、恶心和腹泻。 莫措阿莱迪4日在新闻发布会上说,南非国家传染病研究所的团队在过去一个月询问109名李氏杆菌病患者生病前食用的食物。85%的患者说,他们食用了“即食肉制品”,其中“香肠最普遍”。 他建议公众现阶段不要食用任何“即食肉制品”。 莫措阿莱迪说,这次南非李氏杆菌病疫情的源头系“企业食品公司”位于波洛夸内市的一家生产厂。“从这家工厂采集的至少16个环境样本被确认含有(导致)这次疫情暴发的(李氏杆菌)类型ST6。” 他说,涉事工厂的产品将被召回。政府仍在调查其他疑似病源,包括企业食品公司的另一家工厂和“彩虹鸡有限公司”的一家工厂,已向上述两家企业下发“安全召回通告”。 【涉事企业将召回问题产品】 企业食品系南非最大食品企业之一虎牌有限公司旗下企业。 虎牌公司的发言人4日说,根据收到的指令,虎牌将确保尽快召回“企业食品所有被点名的产品”;企业同时将与政府一道确定源头。 这名发言人说,虎牌内部检验2月14日发现旗下一些产品含有“少量的一种类型的李氏杆菌”,但未确认“ST6类型存在”。 【死亡人数升至180】 莫措阿莱迪公布了最新的南非病例统计数据:自2017年1月起,“截至2018年3月2日,实验室确认的病例升至948个......其中180人死亡”。 南非政府2月22日发布的李氏杆菌病死亡人数为172。 按联合国方面的说法,这次南非李氏杆菌疫情是全球迄今规模最大的一次。 大多数病例暴发于约翰内斯堡、比勒陀利亚等城市所在的豪滕省,其他病例集中于西开普省和夸祖卢-纳塔尔省。 It's a useful tool for how learning can and should change if we are effectively harnessing technology as a transformational agent in education. In it, he outlines 5 ways that technology can transform. 1. Paper Becomes Digital 2. Audience: One to Many 3. All Kids Create Together 4. Limitless Boundaries 5. Building Legacy Alan rightly challenges us to focus on the audience for student work and it's what I'd like to focus on in this post for two reasons. 1. It is low-hanging fruit. It's often neglected and usually doesn't require a re-writing of a unit, assessment, or task - just the altering of the audience and purpose. (Whereas, numbers 3-5 are extremely powerful elements but typically would require teachers to re-structure the very nature of the task.) 2. I do not agree 100% with the descriptor, "one to many". (Just to be clear, I've heard Alan speak a few times. To me, his sheet leaves a little too much open to interpretation. But I've never heard him say anything contrary to the point I'm trying to make below.) It makes sense to start with powerful learning experiences and see how technology can facilitate these experiences to be more collaborative, efficient, effective, etc. And, this very closely related to an earlier post where I noted the two types of edtech solutions - both with their shortfalls - and the need for a bridge connecting them. So, let's revisit the GRASPS model from Understanding By Design. Quality assessments strive to give students a: Goal - Convince your mayor to adopt stronger environmental laws Role - Citizen, (Producer of knowledge, Contributor, etc.) Audience - The mayor Situation - you (your group ) has been granted a meeting with the mayor to help sway her opinion on this issue. Product - ?? Powerpoint, video? petition? note-cards/outline for speech? Standards and Criteria - (teacher created rubric of expectations)... My small problems with the "one to many" descriptor are: 1. The "many" is not always the best target audience for learning. It's not THE goal. Ex. If the "many" is the goal, I can imagine teachers planning Rain Forest units with the goal of having students create a podcast outlining the general characteristics (problems, data, locations, etc.) of a rain forest with the goal of sharing it with many. (Should we say congratulations? It's certainly a big step up from sharing it with the class ... or just with the teacher ! By the way, where are all these podcasts meant to live anyway?) But the learning might have been stronger if the students were targeting their presentations at a more limited audience. For example: - citizens of cities near rain forests - write to the CEO of and company that capitalizes on rain forest resources 2. Some teachers might interpret "the many" with an effective integration of technology. This can hinder the adoption / integration of technology. Should the teacher above be congratulated? What about Teacher B who uses a GRASP approach to assessment which includes no technology. She knows she is implementing powerful authentic learning, but the teacher above gets recognized by the principal in the next faculty meeting for creating podcasts that are shared with the world. Is Teacher B more prone to implement technology if she feels she has to sacrifice her authentic experience for one where the product can be shared with many? (And "yes", Teacher B could keep her same authentic assessment and utilize technology in ways to Leave a Legacy, connect with others to gather better data, or collaborate with other schools and broaden the backing of their ideas. But, it's my blog post and I'm trying to make a point :) ) If we glorify the many, or ask teachers to make sure they Tweet everything or post everything on Pinterest, I think it turns off some - especially if they can't see the steps about how these tools can lead to more effective and efficient learning. They see technology being implemented for technology's sake. So, let's make sure we start with quality learning tasks and then see if and how technology can be utilized to help make them better. Cores and threads in a processor of a computer give a powerful experience for the latest games. For the latest games, they use more than 1 core on a computer. But for the old pc games, 1 core is just enough to run the games that don’t require any high specifications. The latest gaming computers come with a minimum of 4 cores, and for most games, quad cores are an ideal fit to use. Quad-core CPUs are the most accessible and feasible processors that give good performance for running suitable mid-ranged games. You cant answer this in a single line that how many do games use, so we take this discussion a little further and deeper to understand everything in detail. Let’s start with the basics about how many cores do games use in 2021. Single-Core vs. Multi-Core Performance From the past, the games that were released back then didn’t usually were programmed to use more cores of the CPU, which is why they didn’t require taking advantage of multiple cores. But with the current trends and changes, the processors have been enhanced, and the cores in a CPU have been increased, which is why it’s better and suitable for the latest games to run on multi-cores. Best Motherboard for i5 CPUs provides endless capabilities to the users, and this has been over a decade that the cores are being increased to enhance the performance of games as well as increase the speed of a computer system. The performance of a single core is very important for gaming as compared to multi-cores. Every single core counts as important for the smoothness of the games. Single-core computers can run some fine games, but they cant provide the ultimate utilization of games with their best. The core count should be neglected as what a single-core can would be better done from a multiple-core system. Multi-cores systems have spread in the market, and they are best and optimal in use for gaming purposes, which makes them a suitable choice as compared to single-cores. They provide multiple threads, such as a six-core system is considered the best CPU for a middle-range gaming experience. The best kind of mid-ranged CPUs with multiple cores are core i5-9600K and the AMD Ryzen 5 3600x. Talking about the budget-friendly build, the quad-core CPUs still have the best demand as they provide a good experience for medium-ranged gaming and are viable for budget builds. These CPUs are powered with enough resources that can run some basic and fine games that don’t require high components to run them on the system. A game like Minecraft can be run with a single-core CPU, but a game like Call of Duty or Battlefield requires more than 2 cores in order to run smoothly and work efficiently. So, this means that multi-cores in a gaming world are best for playing the latest games over a single-core system. All of the latest games require more than 4 cores, and most of them work incredibly fine if you are running a CPU with 6 cores or more than that. This was a discussion about how many cores do games use, and we discussed how many cores the latest games require at minimum to perform efficiently. We discussed single and multi-core CPUs and their performance for the games to understand how many cores are useful to run high-end games. Q#1: How many cores do most games use? Ans: Most of the games are using six cores generally in 2021. Because the latest games involve a lot of graphics and processing with the textures in order to make everything better over time, this makes it suitable to use more cores for reliable gaming. Q#2: Is a 6 core processor good? Ans: A six-core processor is good for use, and it provides a good gaming experience in case you are running multiple tasks and using software for video editing and other activities. 6 cores are optimal support for good gaming as well. Q#3: Are 4 cores 8 threads good for gaming? Ans: A processor having 4 cores and 8 threads is a suitable choice for games that have a requirement of such cores. 上、下肢关节功能康复器 关节康复器 切片机 康复设备 康复器材 康复器械 关节持续被动活动仪 关节松动技术是治疗者在关节活动可动范围内完成的一种针对性很强的手法操作技术,属被动运动范畴,其操作.. 所谓床边,是因为早期在医院练习的时候不是在病床边练习,就是在治疗床边练习。其实自己在家里练习的时候,.. 关节被动运动 是以维持正常或现存关节活动范围和防止挛缩、变形为目的,无需肌肉主动收缩参与运动,而借助.. 技术特点: 1、数码电路,微电脑控制。 2、LED大屏幕液晶显示。 3、配用膝、踝关节两用支架.. 膝关节是各种损伤和骨关节疾病比较多发的部位,也是站立和行走之类日常生活必需的功能的基础。所以膝关节.. 2020-06-17 Sağlık konusundaki güncel endişeler nedeniyle halihazırda ana pazarlarda tüketici talebinin azalmasından olumsuz etkilenen birçok meyve suyu, nektar ve gazsız içecek üreticisi, şimdi de giderek azalan su kaynakları ve iklim değişikliği sorunlarıyla karşı karşıya. Günümüzde içecek endüstrisinin karşı karşıya kaldığı sağlık, sürdürülebilirlik, çevre ve tüketici talebi ile ilgili eğilimleri, zorlukları ve fırsatları araştırıyoruz. "Meyve suyu gazoz kadar kötü". "Meyve suyunu her gün bir bardak azaltmak diyabet riskini önemli ölçüde azaltıyor". "Meyve suyu kansere yol açıyor". Son on yılda basında neredeyse her hafta çıkan bu tür olumsuz başlıklar tüketicilerin dikkatinden kaçmıyor, bu da meyve suyu ve nektar üreticilerini kötü yönde etkiliyor. Çin'de meyve suyu tüketiminin kısa vadede en az %4 oranında büyümeye devam etmesi beklenirken1, ABD Tarım Bakanlığı'nın 2019 yazında yayımladığı verilere göre, ortalama bir Amerikalının tüketiminin, bu endüstri 1990'larda ABD'de altın çağını yaşarken gerçekleşen tüketimin yaklaşık yarısı kadar olduğu görülüyor2. Batı Avrupa'da meyve suyu tüketimi de gittikçe azalıyor; bu oran 2019 yılında yalnızca %1 artış gösterdi3. "Bu büyük bir sorun. Tüketim, muhtemelen şekerle ilgili endişeler nedeniyle ABD ve Avrupa'da on yıllık bir düşüşle karşı karşıya kaldı. Peki endüstri bununla nasıl başa çıkıyor?" diye soruyor Uluslararası Meyve ve Sebze Suyu Birliği Genel Müdürü John Collins. Avrupa'da sektörü temsil eden UNESDA'nın Genel Müdürü Nicholas Hodac'a göre, alkolsüz ve gazsız içecek endüstrisi yıllardır aynı sorunla mücadele ediyor. "Bu yalnızca birkaç yıl önce başlayan bir şey değil; şeker tüketimini azaltma eğiliminin başlangıcı 1970'lere kadar uzanıyor." diyor. Aynı zamanda, içecek üreticileri iklim değişikliğinin oluşturduğu baskıyla da karşılaşıyor; bu durum, meyve üreticilerini etkiliyor ve üretim, paketleme ve nakliye gibi alanlarda dış tedarik, enerji ve su kullanımında sürdürülebilirliğin arttırılmasına yönelik sektöre yeni talepler getiriyor. Tetra Pak Global İş İçgörüleri ve Analizleri Müdürü Gaurav Dutt, meyve suyu üreticilerinin büyüme sorununa bir yanıt bulmaya yaklaştığına inanıyor. “Önümüzdeki üç yıl içinde küresel olarak %1 ila %2 oranında bir yıllık bileşik büyüme oranıyla, endüstri genelinde büyüme göreceğimizi tahmin ediyoruz.” diyor. Tüketimin hiç azalmadığı Asya ve Güneydoğu Asya'daki pazarlar ise genişlemeye devam edecek. Bu esnada, sektörde yenilikçi ürünler çıkmaya başladıkça Avrupa ve Amerika'da da büyüme gözlemlenecek. Dutt, “Üreticiler hızlı tepki verdi.” diyor ve ekliyor: "Bu eğilimle başa çıkabilmek üzere çözüm üretmeleri gerektiğini anladılar ve şu anda ‘katma değerli meyve suları’ dediğimiz bir konsepte doğru ilerliyorlar.” Bu konsept; "süper meyve" olarak bilinen ürünleri, yemek yerine geçen içecek eğilimine uygun, tahıl ve proteinle karıştırılan meyve sularını, oldukça az malzeme içeren "temiz etiketli" ürünleri ve şeker
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae bakterisi oldukça tehlikeli bir zehir salgılar. Bakterinin salgıladığı bu zehir kalpte ve sinir sisteminde oldukça ciddi bozukluklara yol açar. Mikrobun kaynağı hastalar ve bakteriyi taşıyan kişilerdir. Genellikle damlacık yoluyla bulaşır. Çok ender vakalarda doğrudan temasla geçer. Vücudun hemen kabul ettiği bir hastalık değildir. Bebeklerde çok ender olarak rastlanır. Çocuklarda 2-6 yaş arası çok sık görülür. Yaş ilerledikçe hastalığa yakalanma olasılığı giderek zayıflar. Oluştuğu yerlere göre difterinin aşağıdaki çeşitleri vardır: Burun difterisi Difterinin bebeklerde en çok görülen şeklidir. Bazen çok az ateş yapar. Solunum güçleşir. En belirgin işareti burun akıntısının iltihaplı ve kanlı olmasıdır. Burun difterisi çoğu zaman fark edilmez ve ağır hastalık olması nedeniyle tehlikelidir. Ağız ve boğaz difterisi En sık görülen difteri şeklidir (yüzde 50). Boğaz ağrısı ve yutkunma güçlüğü ile başlar. Bademciklerin üstü ve küçükdil boğazın arka duvarına (ağır seyreden vakalarda ağız dokusuna) kadar uzanan beyazımsı gri renkli lekelerle kaplanır. Lekeler, tahta bir spatula ile kazındığında kanama olmaz. Boyun lenf bezlerinde şişme görülür. Gırtlak difterisi Kimi zaman kendiliğinden kimi zaman da boğaz difterisinden yayılarak oluşur. Çocuklarda 1-4 yaş arası çok sık görülür. Yavaş yavaş sıcak basması, kuru ve boğucu öksürük ve solunum güçlüğü ile başlar. Bu belirtiler birkaç gün içinde şiddetlenir. Belirtilerin nedeni gırtlak zarındaki şişliklerin difteri pasına dönüşmesidir. Eğer gerekli müdahale yapılmazsa solunum yollarında hayati tehlike oluşturabilen sıkışmalar olabilir. Solunum güçlüğü giderek artar ve soluk alınırken ıslığa benzer bir ses duyulur. Boğaz kasları gerilir. Göğüs kafesi ve karın boşluğu zorlanır. Çocuklarda morarma olur. Yüz soluk, nabız zayıf, kalp atışları hızlıdır. Boğulma krizleri ölümle sonuçlanabilir. Göz difterisi Gözün bağdokusu üzerinde oluşur. Göz şişer ve beyazımsı gri renkli bir tabakayla kaplanır. Bazı durumlarda göz açılamayacak kadar şişer, gözden kanla karışık iltihap akar. Saydam tabakanın zedelenmesi sonuçta kör olma olasılığı vardır. Deri ve yara difterisi: Oldukça tehlikelidir ve belirli bir yara tabakası oluşturarak kendini belli eder. Göbek difterisi : Yara difterisinin göbekte görülen şeklidir. Ortakulak difterisi : Çok ender olarak görülür. Kuluçka devresi: 1-7 gün. Belirtileri Hastalık ateşle başlar. Baş ağrısı, kusma, çocuklarda karın ağrısı olur. Belirtileri bakterilerin yerleştiği bölgeye göre değişiklik gösterir. Seyri Çok hafif geçen durumlarda hasta olan kişiyi fazla sarsmaz ve ateş aşırı derecede yükselmez (38,5 dereceye kadar). Çok belirgin olmayan yutkunma güçlüğü görülür. Kimi zaman, difterinin belirgin özelliği olan iltihaplı tabaka bile olmaz. Bu takdirde hastalığın hızla yayılma olasılığı vardır, çünkü hastalık teşhis edilemediği için hastanın ayrılması söz konusu olmamıştır. Hastalık sürekli ilerleme gösteriyorsa boğaz, burun ya da gırtlak difterisi vb. gibi difteriler ortaya çıkabilir. Hastalık seyrinin çok ağır geçtiği durumlarda kuvvetli zehir etkileri görülür. Çok yüksek ateş, nabız düzensizliği, huzursuzluk, sürekli kusma, burun ve deride ufak tefek kanamalar, boğazda şişme gibi ağır yan etkiler ortaya çıkar. Difteri bakterilerinin salgıladığı zehir kana geçerse kalp, kan dolaşımı ve sinir sistemlerinde bozukluklar baş gösterir. Sonunda kan zehirlenmesinden kaçınılamaz. Hastalığın seyri sırasında en belirgin işaretler şunlardır: Aşırı solukluk, kusma, nabız atışlarının düzensizliği, soğukluk duygusu, ısı ve tansiyon düşmesi, 2. ya da 3. hafta içinde kalp kaslarındaki iltihaplanma sonucu ani ölüm. İyileşme sırasında bile kalp kaslarının iltihabı sonucu ölüm görülebilir. Diğer bulaşıcı hastalıklara oranla kalp daha çok etkilenir. 2. ve 4. haftalar arasında görülen felçler, sinir sisteminin de hastalıktan ötürü etkilendiğine işarettir. Hastalık nedeniyle oluşan felçler hastayı ve ailesini korkutursa da, hastalık teşhisinde yardımcıdır ve çoğu kez birkaç ay sonra felç durumu ortadan kalkar. Tedavi En iyi ilaç l894te bulunan difteri serumudur. Difteri serumu, kanda serbestçe dolaşan zehirli maddeleri yakalar, ama kalp kasları . ya da sinir sistemine yerleşmiş olan zehirli maddelere ulaşamaz ve hastalığa neden olan bakterileri öldüremez. Bu nedenle difteri .serumu mümkün olduğu kadar erken verilmelidir. Serumla birlikte penisilin de verilmelidir. Penisilin yalnızca difteri bakterilerini yok eder, zehirleri etkileyemez. Kan dolaşımının sürekli kontrol altında tutulması çok önemlidir. Kalp üzerindeki yan etkisi dikkate alınarak hastanın 8-14 gün süreyle yatakta tutulması gerekir. Difterinin her çeşidinde ve kalpteki yan etkilerinde hastanın mutlaka bir hastane tedavisi altına alınması zorunludur. Korunma Burun ve gırtlak salgılarının .bakteriyolojik laboratuvar araştırmasında sonuç negatif alındığında hastalık bulaşıcı niteliğini kaybetmiş demektir. Çocuklara difteri aşısı yapılmalıdır. Hastalığın bulaşmasını önlemek amacıyla hastanın mutlaka ayrılması gerekir. Beklenir bir difteri olasılığına karşı çocuklara serum verilebilir. Difteri aşısı dört haftalık aralarla yapılır. İlk aşı, bir yaşına kadar yapılmalı, 2 ve 6 yaşlarında tekrarlanmalıdır. Difteri aşısı tetanos aşısı ile birlikte de yapılabilir. Hastanın evde tedavi edilmesi halinde, hastaya bakan kişinin hastanın yanına girerken bir maske takması ve oksijen peroksitli suyla gargara yapması gerekli önlemler arasında sayılabilir. Difteride penisilin, eritrosin ve streptomisin kullanılır. Ağır vakalarda kortikosteroidler kullanılabilir DIS KULAK ILTIHABI (EXTERNAL OTIT) Yüzücü Kulağı diye de bilinir. Yüzücü kulağı (External otitis) dış kulak kanalının ısrarlı biçimde tahriş olması ve iltihaplanması halidir. Ayrıca bir enfeksiyon da bulunabilir. Kanalda cildin kat kat soyulması (egzama) gelişebilir. Egzamayı kaşırken cilt çatlar ve kulak kanalını bakteri ve mantar istila eder. Kirli suda yüzmek bu hastalığı kapmanın yollarından biridir. Kulak salgısı kanaldan temizlenmeye kalkışıldığında, cilt tahriş olur, kaşınır veya yırtılır. Bu da o kişinin en gözde "aletiyle" (toka vs.) kulağını daha fazla karıştırmasına sebep olur. Bir risk daha da vardır. 0 da kulak zarını delme olasılığıdır. Saç spreyleri ve saç boyaları da kulak kanalını tahriş edebilir. Dış otit yüzücü kulağı bazen mantardan kaynaklanır. Aspergillus niger en sık görülen mantardır. Belirtileri, urukkulosisle aynıdır. furunkulosis tekrar tekrar çıbanlar çıkması halidir ve kulak kanalındaki bir tüy kesesinin mikrop kapmasıyla başlar. Bu rahatsızlık sık sık tekrar eder Dış otit (yüzücü kulağı) genç yetişkinlerde görülür. Belirtileri - Dış kulak kanalının kaşınması - Kulak ağrısı - Kulakta sarı veya yeşil sarı kötü kokulu cerahat oluşması - Başın hareketiyle kulakta ağrı duyulması - Duyma kaybı. Teşhis Eğer kulağınızda kaşınma,kulağınızın içinde pullanma ya da kulak kanalınızda ağrı varsa, bunlar dış kulak yolu iltihabının göstergesi olabilir. Çoğu kez kulaktan dışarı doğru sarımsı ya da sarımsı yeşil bir akıntı olur ve bazen bu akıntıdan sonra ağrı hafifler. Eğer iltihap ya da dokudaki şişme kulak kanalını tıkarsa duyma-da bir azalma olabilir. Doktorlar otoskop denen bir aletle kulak kanalına bakarak dış kulak yolu iltihabı tanısını koyarlar. Eğer iltihap varsa örnek alınarak laboratuvara gönderilebilir. Çoğu dış kulak yolu enfeksiyonu rahatsızlık duygusu yaratsa da, uygun tedavi edildiklerinde genellikle tehlikeli değildirler. Bu enfeksiyon,özellikle şeker hastalarında tedavi edilmezse çevre kemiklere ve kıkırdaklara yayılarak hasar verebilir. Tedavi Eğer yüzücü kulağı rahatsızlığınız olduğundan şüphelenirseniz, doktora gitmeden önce sancıyı geçirecek bazı şeyler yapabilirsiniz. Kulağınızın üzerine ılık (sıcak değil) bir ufak yastık koymak faydalı olur. Aspirin veya başka bir ağrı kesici de sancıyı azaltır. Teşhisten sonra doktorunuzun kulak kanalını bir emme aletiyle veya pamuklu çubukla temizlemesi beklenir. Bu tahrişin ve sancının geçmesini sağlayabilir. Doktor daha sonra çeşitli tedavi metodlarından birini önerebilir. Ekseriyetle kortikosteroidli (kaşıntıyı durdurmak ve iltihabı azaltmak için) bir kulak damlası ve bir antibiyotik (enfeksiyon kontrol etmek için) verilir. Bazen ağızdan alınan haplar da kullanılabilir. Şiddetli ağrı olduğundan ağrı kesici tavsiye edilir. İyileşme sırasında kulağa su kaçmamasına dikkat edilmelidir. 3 veya 4 gün sonra eğer gözle görülür bir iyileşme olmazsa, doktorunuz ağızdan alınmak üzere antibiyotik verebilir. Enfeksiyona neden olan organizma laboratuvar testleriyle belirlenmişse, özellikle onu etkileyecek antibiyotik seçilir. Dış kulak iltihabı (yüzücü kulağı) mantardan kaynaklanıyorsa sülfanilamid tozu serpilerek urunkolisisden kaynaklanıyorsa, ağızdan alınan veya kulak damlası şeklinde verilen antibiyotikle tedavi edilir. Özellikle neden mantar olduğunda bu durum birçok defa tekrar edebilir. Önlenmesi Dış otit ekseriyetle önlenebilir. Pis suda yüzmeyin. Banyodan ve yüzmeden sonra kulaklarınızı kurutun. Kulak kanalının rutubetli olması enfeksiyon kapmasını kolaylaştırır. Saçınızı boyarken veya saç spreyi kullanırken kulak deliklerinizi kuzu yününden ufak toplarla kulağınızı kapayın. Bunlar suyu geçirmez DISKI TUTAMAMA Abdest tutamama hali bağırsak hareketlerini kontrol edebilme yeteneğinin kaybolmasıdır. Bu bozukluk yetişkin bir kimsede görülürse problem bu durumu yaratan şartlardan kaynaklanır. Çocuklarda görülen benzer durum için (Encopresis) kontrol edememe halini doğurabilecek, sebebi tespit edebilmek ıçın doktorunuz size sorular soracaktır. Sorular hapşırmakla, öksürmekle ilgili olabilir, ayrıca bu hal geceleri mi oluyor ve başka ilgili belirtiler var mı? Doktor bunları da öğrenmek isteyebilir. Ancak sfinkterinizi (kas) muayene ederek bu bölgedeki adalelerin sağlam olup olmadığını belirleyecektir. Doktorunuz ayrıca özel incelemeler de isteyebilir. Elektromiografi veya rektal ve anal bölgedeki çeşitli baskıları belirlemek için özel aletlerin kullanılması bu incelemeler içine girer. Dışkıyı tutamamak, rektumdaki, anüsdeki veya preanal bölgedeki apsenin veya iltihabın arkasından ortaya çıkabilir. Bu bölgede yapılan bir ameliyatın neticesi olabilir. Doğum sırasında olabilecek bir yara olaya yol açabilir. Özellikle eğer anal sfinkter iyiyse bu hal sinir sistemindeki bir rahatsızlıktan bilhassa omuriliği etkileyen bir bozukluktan sonra meydana gelebilir. Abdest tutamamak genelde yaşlılarda görülür. İleri yaşlarda küçük ve büyük abdest kontrol eden kaslar ve bağlar zayıftır ve fiziki rahatsızlardan daha çabuk etkilenirler. Tutma kabiliyetinin kaybı yaşlılığın şartı değildir. Ayrıca yaşlılarda dışkıların birikip sıkışması da daha sık görülür. Genelde kabız kimselerde olur. Fakat sıkışan dışkı bağırsağı tamamen tıkamaz ve dışkının sıvı halindeki bölümü geçer ve kontrol edememe halini doğurur. Yetişkinler arasında özellikle eğer anal sfinkter iyi durumdaysa bu problemi halletmek için bağırsakları terbiye etme programına başlanabilir. Bazen hacim genişletici (kronik kabız) de buna dahildir. Doktorunuz tuvalete çıkmak için her gün belli bir süre tuvalette oturmanızı tavsiye edebilir. Bu günün kalan zamanında kontrolü sağlamanızı temin edebilir. Su içmeniz ve taze meyve sebze yemeniz de tavsiye edilecektir. Bu bazen daha normal dışkı yapmanızı ve daha seyrek dışarı çıkmanızı sağlar. Bazı zaman özellikle eğer sfinkter zedelenmiş ise doktorunuz bir cerrahi müdahale tavsiye edebilir DIYAFRAGMATIK FITIK Diyafragmatik fıtık, diyaframda normal olmayan bir açıklığın karın bölgesi içeriğinin bir kısmının göğüs bölgesine doğru taşmasını mümkün kıldığı durumlarda meydana gelir. Çok ciddi vakalarda, mide ve barsakların büyük bir kısmı, kalp ve akciğerlerin yer değiştirmesine neden olur. Bu anormallik doğumdan kısa bir süre sonra bebeğin fıtık yüzünden solunum güçlüğü çekmesi ile teşhis edilir. Bu durum bebeğin yaşamını tehdit eden bir durumdur ve acilen ameliyat edilmesi gerekir. Bununla beraber; çoğunlukla fıtık aylar sonrasına kadar kendini belli etmeyebilir. Geç ortaya çıkan diyafragmatik fıtık semptomları arasında kusma, ağır karın ağrıları, beslenme sonrası rahatsızlık ve kabızlık sayılabilir. Kimi zaman herhangi bir belirti ortaya çıkmaz ve problem ancak rutin röntgen çekimleri esnasında keşfedilebilir. Eğer doktorunuz bebeğinizde diyaframatik fıtıktan kuşkulanıyor ise, teşhisi desteklemek için röntgen çekimine gerek duyulabilir. Ameliyat gerekli bir tedavi şeklidir. Doğduktan sonraki ilk 3 gün esnasında diyafragmatik fıtık teşhisi konan ve hastalıktan ciddi şekilde etkilenmiş olan bebeklerde, ölüm oranı %50 dir. Bununla beraber, solunum güçlüğü şikayeti olmayan bebeklerin çoğu hayatta kalmayı başarabilir, DIZ YARALANMALARI Diz eklemi, bacağınızın üstüne bastığınızda ortaya çıkan darbe etkisini azaltmak için yastık benzeri oluşumları kapsar. Bu oluşumlarda yırtılma veya zedelenme ortaya çıkarsa ağrılı diz hastalığı da denilen diz incinmeleri oluşur. Belirtiler - Dizde ağrı ve şişme - Dizin sağlam basamaması, sendeleme duygusu - Bir patlama sesi, bir sürtünme duygusu veya eklemin fiziki olarak kilitlenmesi - Diz belirli bir pozisyonda sertçe kilitlenirse veya bir travma olayı şiddetli bir ağrı meydana getirip de diz normal fonksiyonunu yapamaz olursa derhal tıbbi yardım sağlayınız. Diz eklemini yaralanmalara duyarlı hale getiren iki önemli faktör bulunmaktadır. İlki, dizin konumu, dizi beklenmedik darbelere maruz kalmasına ve sürekli kullanılan bir eklem olmasına neden olmaktadır. İkincisi, dizin yapısının karmaşıklığıdır. Dizin hareket aralığı, vücuttaki diğer eklemlere benzemez: Bükülme dışında, daha karmaşık hareketleri de yapmamızı sağlar. Teşhis Bir diz yaralanmanız olduğu zaman, çeşitli pozisyonlarda muayene edilmesi gerektiği için, doktorunuz hareket ettirdiğinde ağrıyı azaltmak amacıyla uyuşturucu bir ilaç verebilir. Dizin dıştan muayenesinden sonra, dizin içindeki yapıların ve oluşan hasarın görülmesi-ni sağlayan testler yapılabilir. Geleneksel yöntem diz röntgeninin çekilmesidir. Diğer yöntemler arasında, artrografi (eklem boşluğuna boyalı bir madde verildikten sonra röntgen çekilmesi) ve manyetik rezonans (MRI; manyetik bir alana dokunun verdiği yanıtın bir bilgisayar tarafından yorumlandığı, eklem yapısını gösteren yöntem) sayılabilir. Artroskopi (eklem boşluğunun, küçük bir kesiden eklem içine sokulan fiberoptik bir boru aracılığıyla incelenmesi) de yapılabilir. Diz incinmelerinin şiddet derecesi farklılık gösterir, bu maf
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Rehber sayesinde kolay kürek teknikleri öğrenerek uzun süre yorulmamanız garanti altına alınacaktır. Can yeleğiyle birlikte yapılan turlarımızda mağara içerisindeki tertemiz sularda yüzme şansını da elde edeceksiniz. بیمه نوسانات نرخ ارز بزودی ارایه می شود یك عضو شورای عالی بیمه از ارایه بیمه نوسانات نرخ ارز در آینده نزدیك خبر داد و گفت: كارگروه هایی در حال بررسی مصادیقی از نوسانات نرخ ارز هستند تا نرخ حق بیمه این بیمه نامه برای تمام حوزه ها معین شود. به گزارش میهن صنعت به نقل از صنایع نیوز : یك عضو شورای عالی بیمه از ارایه بیمه نوسانات نرخ ارز در آینده نزدیك خبر داد و گفت: كارگروه هایی در حال بررسی مصادیقی از نوسانات نرخ ارز هستند تا نرخ حق بیمه این بیمه نامه برای تمام حوزه ها معین شود. جواد سهامیان مقدم، با بیان آنكه، آیین نامه نوسانات نرخ ارز در شورای عالی بیمه مصوب شده است ،گفت: با اتمام این بررسی ها این بیمه نامه به بازار ارایه می شود. مدیر عامل بیمه ایران گفت: البته این شركت پوشش بیمه نوسانات نرخ ارز را از سال گذشته در بخش واردات بر اساس نرخ مرجع بانك مركزی ارایه می كند و تا كنون نیز تعدادی بیمه نامه صادر و خسارت هایی نیز پرداخت شده است. وی گفت: اگر تاجری كالایی را وارد كشور كند و وعده پرداخت شش ماه دیگر در این معامله وجود داشته باشد این نگرانی وجود دارد كه شش ماه بعد نرخ رسمی بانك مركزی عددی بیش از هزار و 226 تومان باشد و بیمه نامه مازاد نرخ ارز را تحت پوشش قرار می دهد. سهامیان مقدم در خصوص بیمه سپرده های بانكی گفت: بیمه ایران برنامه هایی را در خصوص سپرده های بانكی دارد و هم اكنون این طرح در شعب بانك ملی برای سپرده های بانكی و كارت های اعتباری در حال اجرا است. وی با بیان آنكه ، صنعت بیمه باید ریسك را از تمام حوزه ها كاهش دهد ، گفت: این امر شامل بانك ها نیز می شود. PLUMCAKE ALLE MELE BIMBY Il plumcake alle mele Bimby è facile da fare, soffice e golosissimo, si prepara in pochi e semplici passaggi ed è ottimo da servire per la prima colazione o la merenda! PLUMCAKE ALLE MELE BIMBY INGREDIENTI: - 2 mele - 2 uova - cannella q.b. - 200 g. di farina 00 - 1 bustina di vanillina - 60 ml. di olio di semi di mais - 100 ml. di latte anche vegetale - 100 g. di zucchero semolato o di canna - 1 bustina di lievito per dolci vanigliato PROCEDIMENTO: - Per prima cosa lavate le mele asciugatele sbucciatele e tagliatele a fettine, mettetele poi in una ciotola con del succo di limone per non farle annerire e mettetele da parte fino al momento dell’utilizzo. - Versate nel boccale del Bimby lo zucchero con la scorza di un limone bio lavato e ben asciugato e polverizzate per 10 secondi a velocità 10, aggiungete ora le uova e mischiatele per 1 minuto a velocità 5, aggiungete ora la farina setacciata, il latte, l’olio e un pizzico di sale e la cannella se la gradite, mischiate per 30 secondi a velocità 5 poi aggiungete il lievito e mischiate per 15 secondi a velocità 5! - Prendete ora uno stampo per plumcake imburratelo e infarinatelo e nel frattempo preriscaldate il forno a 180° in modalità statico. - Versate il composto nello stampo livellate la superficie, disponete sulla superficie le fettine di mela e infornate il plumcake per circa 45 -50 minuti, effettuate la prova stecchino per verificare la cottura del dolce, se lo stecchino esce umido di impasto fate cuocere il plumcake ancora un pò. - Una volta che il dolce sarà pronto sfornatelo e lasciatelo raffreddare, mi raccomando prima di sfornarlo effettuate la prova stecchino per verificare la cottura del dolce, se lo stecchino esce umido di impasto fate cuocere il plumcake ancora un pò! - Una volta che il dolce sarà ben raffreddato spolveratelo con un po’ di zucchero a velo se lo gradite e servitelo ai vostri ospiti con un bel caffè o una tazza di buon tè caldo! Potete seguirci anche su Telegram ⇒ LE RICETTE BIMBY Se volete RICEVERE LE MIE NUOVE RICETTE OGNI GIORNO IN ANTEPRIMA SU WHATSAPP salvate il mio numero di telefono 3886946238, memorizzatelo come LE RICETTE BIMBY e scrivetemi su whatsapp il vostro NOME e COGNOME con testo RICETTE BIMBY DEL GIORNO e sarò lieta di inviarvele! Se questa ricetta vi è piaciuta continuate a seguirmi e se vi va mettete mi piace sulla mia pagina Facebook >> Ricette con il Bimby facili clicca qua per tornare alla HOMEPAGE PLUMCAKE ALLE MELE BIMBY Android手机被攻入 全球有超过100万Android手机用户被攻入,情况仍正在蔓延。 被称为Gooligan的黑客,据说是至今为止,最大的Google帐户漏洞,容许攻击者进入用户的电子邮件,照片和文件档案。 世界最大的网络安全供应商Check Point表示,当用户在易受攻击的Android设备上,下载以及安装受感染的应用程式时,每天都有大约13,000部装被攻破。 恶意软件窃取了可用于Google Play,Gmail,Google Photos, Google Docs, G Suite, Google Drive 等。 澳洲前联邦警察指挥官费尔(Nigel Phair)说,黑客是透过Android上的假应用程序进行攻击。 Tara Singh Ghaiba Chief of the Dallevalia Clan (1717-1807) Named after the village of Dalleval to which its founder, Gulab Singh, belonged. Tara Singh was a shepherd-turned-outlaw who joined Gulab Singh Dallevalia in his plundering raids. His dexterity in lifting cattle and flocks of sheep and his ingenuity in transporting them across the Ravi won him the nickname Ghaiba (the Vanisher). On the death of Gulab Singh, Tara Singh succeeded to the leadership of the misl, and, within a short time, his intrepidity and lust for war and conquest made the Dallevalia confederacy very powerful. One of Tara Singh’s first exploits was to rob a detachment of Ahmad Shah Durrani’s troops of their horses and arms while crossing the Beas river near his village, Kang, in Kapurthala district. In 1760, he crossed the Sutlej and conquered the towns of Dharamkot and fatehgarh. On his return to the Doab, he took Sarai Dakkhni from Sharaf ud-Din, an Afghan of Jalandhar and marched eastwards, seizing the country around Rahon in which town he took up his residence. He next captured Nakodar from the Manj Rajputs, and other groups of villages on the right of the Sutlej, including Mahatpur and Kot Badal Khan. In 1763, Tara Singh joined the Bhangi, Kanhaiya and Ramgarhia misls against the Pathan Nawab of Kasur, and, in the sack of the town, collected 400,000 rupees as his share of the booty. He joined other Sikh sardars in laying siege to Sirhind (January 1764) and razing it to the ground after defeating its governor, Zain Khan. By 1765, Tara Singh had considerably increased his power and territories in the Upper Jalandhar Doab, in parts of Ludhiana, Ambala and Firozpur districts-the entire country south of the River Sutlej yielding an annual revenue of Rs. 17,00,000. Tara Singh was a close friend of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’s and took part in his early Malva expeditions. He died in 1807 at the ripe age of 90. After his death, Maharaja Ranjit Singh annexed the Dallevalia territories to his kingdom. Bulgaristan'da e-vinyet ve toll neden uygulanıyor? Bulgaristan'da 2019'dan itibaren e-vinyet ve toll, ulusal yol ağını kullanmak için ücret toplamada modern bir yöntem olarak uygulanacaktır. Bu, daha sonra yol güvenliği dahil olmak üzere mevcut ve yeni yolların sürdürülebilir gelişimi için kullanılan gerekli finansal kaynakları oluşturur. Ücret toplama sistemi, karayolu taşıtlarının serbest dolaşımına müdahale etmeden, ödeme yapmanın ve kontrol etmenin kolay yollarını sağlayan en son teknolojilere dayanmaktadır. Sistem adil ve Avrupa ücreti modeli sunuyor. 与莫斯科的高大现代比起来,圣彼得堡则漂亮得像一副古老的油画,临着宽阔干净的涅瓦河,一排排整齐规范的欧洲建筑依河延伸开去,我一直觉得俄罗斯人是对艺术有着执念的民族,每一幢楼都是一件艺术品,街道不算宽敞,非常干净整洁,房子鳞次栉比但又非常有序,圣彼得堡不止有涅瓦河,事实上,这座城市分布在44座岛屿上,市内有93条河流,由580多座桥梁连接,据说圣彼得堡有1800个湖泊,水域面积占了全市面积的十分之一,所以它也被称为“北方的威尼斯”。 河上有船停靠或者开过,涅瓦河是俄罗斯通往波罗的海的主力航道,到了深夜河上的大桥便会打开让高大的船只通过,走在这座城市有种穿越的感觉,仿佛回到了某个时代的欧洲,这几乎是我见过最漂亮的城市,当然,圣彼得堡整座城市已经被列入了世界文化遗产。 没错,比起莫斯科它更靠北,事实上它已经位于北纬59-60度之间,几乎进了北极圈,但因为临着波罗的海芬兰湾,是海洋性气候,所以这里的冬天比莫斯科温暖,夏天也不会太热,只是因为纬度太高,这里会有白夜现象。 这是俄罗斯最欧化的城市,其实它与芬兰就是一湾之隔,坐火车到芬兰也不过是三个小时,它是俄罗斯的第二大城市,城市的大小虽然与莫斯科没法比,但500万的人口在俄罗斯已经算是稀有。 虽然临海,但因为芬兰湾海水温度太低,除了鲑鱼,这里几乎看不到虾蟹贝壳等等海鲜,但老天是公平的,在缺乏海鲜的这片海域下却埋藏着世界上85%以上储量的琥珀,在圣彼得堡,你随处可以见到卖琥珀的店,当然,资源对于俄罗斯人来说,那是绝对的NO1,他们曾经自豪的说,啥也不用做,只用卖资源,我们可以养活我们的人民500年,这并非胡说,俄罗斯确实是能源大国,这包括了丰富的石油,天然气,各种矿产和一望无际的森林资源。 追溯历史,18世纪,彼得大帝首先在涅瓦河三角洲的兔子岛上修建了彼得保罗要塞,驻重兵把守,这里一直是俄罗斯的海军重地,所以俄罗斯的海军总部也设在圣彼得堡。还有一种说法,这个地方是俄罗斯从瑞典人手里抢过来的,无论如何,城市并没有被战争所毁,而是越来越漂亮,这是让人欣慰的。 圣彼得堡的历史当然不会如此简单,1712年,俄罗斯将首都从莫斯科迁到圣彼得堡,直到1918年才重新搬回莫斯科,200多年间,这里作为俄罗斯的政治中心,得到长
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marca. Nei prossimi anni, Kempe ha continuato a farsi un nome, diventando più famoso come artista. È apparso sul frontespizio di A Knack to Know a Knave che pubblicizzava le sue buffonate. Dato che era il primo tabellone del libro, era famoso a pieno titolo. Kempe apparve in diverse produzioni nei primi anni del 1590. Nel 1592, si era unito ai Lord Strange's Men. Anche Burbage e Shakespeare si unirono alla compagnia e i tre uomini si esibirono insieme. Nel 1599, Kempe partito dal gruppo. Continuò a esibirsi e nel 1600 si danzò da Londra a Norwich ballando morris. Lo spettacolo ha richiesto diverse settimane per essere completato, completo di folle applaudire lungo il percorso. Kempe completò un tour europeo, ma prese in prestito denaro da Philip Henslowe nel 1601. Henslowe fece un'iscrizione nel suo diario su Kempe, ed era l'ultima apparizione di Kempe nei libri di storia. Kempe morto c. 1603. Prestazioni Kempe ha recitato principalmente in produzioni scritte da Shakespeare. Il suo era anche noto per i concerti o le danze sul palco dopo le sue esibizioni. You are here What is Secondary Infertility? Secondary infertility refers to couples who have had a successful pregnancy in the past, but then experience difficulty with conceiving. Part of this may be explained by age, especially if their last pregnancy was achieved in their late thirties or early forties. In young, healthy women, the average monthly pregnancy rate is approximately 20%. As women age, this rate starts to decline, especially after 35 because both the number of eggs, as well as the quality of eggs decline with age. Additionally, the miscarriage rate also increases with age which can usually be attributed to the quality of the eggs. Besides age, other causes of secondary infertility are similar to those of primary infertility, and include abnormalities in sperm quality and quantity, damaged fallopian tubes, endometriosis, ovulation disorders, uterine disorders, and one’s general overall health, such as weight, chronic medical conditions and smoking. The work up for a couple with secondary infertility includes a hysterosalpingogram (HSG), which is an evaluation of the fallopian tubes and uterine cavity, a semen analysis, and hormone testing, including an evaluation of one’s ovarian reserve. After a thorough assessment and evaluation, the reproductive endocrinologist will create an individualized treatment plan to address each patient’s underlying diagnosis. Treatment strategies usually revolve around increasing the number of available follicles or eggs in a cycle, which increases the chances of fertilization. This is done via oral or injectable medications. During a treatment cycle, women are monitored with ultrasounds and sometimes blood hormone levels. These treatment cycles are often combined with an intrauterine insemination (IUI), an outpatient procedure which generally takes seconds to perform. In women whose sole condition is lack of ovulation, timed intercourse can be performed instead of an IUI. There are two main risks associated with injection IUI – the risk of high order multiples (3 or more) and the risk of overstimulation. In recent years, the improved success rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and the ability to control the number of embryos transferred, have resulted in fewer injection IUI cycles performed. An IVF cycle typically involves daily injectable medications with frequent ultrasound monitoring and blood hormone levels. The patient then undergoes an egg retrieval which is an outpatient procedure that involves the removal of eggs from the ovaries, which are then fertilized with sperm, and then allowed to grow in a lab. After 5 days of growth, one or more of these embryos are transferred into the uterine cavity. IVF is a great option in cases where other fertility treatments have failed, cases of damaged fallopian tubes, moderate or severe sperm abnormalities and diminished ovarian reserve. IVF is by far the most effective treatment option with the highest pregnancy rates, and recent studies have suggested that it is a smart first-line treatment in any woman over the age of 35 since it is the most efficient treatment, usually resulting in the shortest time to pregnancy. One of the major concerns couples have regarding IVF is the risk of multiples. We at RMA of New York adhere strongly to the guidelines set forth by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) as to the number of embryos to transfer, and in recent years, our patients have had fewer embryos transferred in an IVF cycle. Improvements in technology have led to the further development and use of comprehensive chromosomal screening (CSS). This advanced screening technique, allows for the identification of chromosomally normal embryos with high precision, and therefore the transfer of a single chromosomally normal embryo, resulting in improved pregnancy rates. Because of this, couples utilizing CCS generally undergo a single embryo transfer which reduces the chances of miscarriage and almost eliminates the risk of a twin pregnancy which is a major concern of many experiencing secondary fertility because they often desire only one more additional child. Diagnostic evaluation is recommended to couples experiencing secondary infertility along with individualized treatment options employing the latest advances reproductive medicine has to offer. Get The Pavlovic Today’s top stories and best reads. Coping with loneliness requires confidence, persistence, and a willingness to openly voice our thoughts with others. Dealing with loneliness becomes much more easier with these nine crucial steps. Loneliness is defined as feelings of sadness and emptiness due to a lack of company. Even if we surround ourselves with people throughout the day, we can still experience sensations of loneliness. Coping with loneliness requires confidence, persistence, and a willingness to openly voice our thoughts with others. Identify the Cause Was the loneliness triggered by a recent breakup or loss? Do you believe your current relationships lack depth? You will find little success in pushing the emotions aside, forcefully ignoring the feelings of isolation. Identify why the loneliness is occurring in order to help properly address the issue. Start by reaching out to your existing connections, whether this be friends, family, or a significant other. Expressing your emotions openly can feel uncomfortable at first, but honesty will result in better communication and understanding. A lack of support from friends and family is not always intentional, oftentimes these individuals are simply unaware something is wrong. Maintain Meaningful Relationships Meaningful relationships require not only honesty, but commitment. Show your friends that you will be there in times of need. If you have plans with a person, follow through and don’t cancel the night before. Instead of saying “let’s get lunch this week”, always agree on a time, instead of walking away with a vague statement neither person follows through with. Seek New Opportunities Striking conversations during social gatherings is a decent method for meeting others, however there’s no need to limit your interactions to a party setting. Brainstorm activities or hobbies that interest you. Join a sports team or meditation group. Take art classes or audition for a theater production. All of these activities will allow you to meet people with common interests. If you can’t think of a hobby that interests you, join a community service group that allows you to volunteer in the company of others. Utilize the Internet Technology allows us to access an incredible amount of information with the click of a button. Support groups and chat rooms help you form connections with others regardless to their location. Personal blogs can reveal stories similar to your own, and help provide advice for your own situation. Use these sources to seek inspiration and comfort. However, Limit Your Social Media Intake Social media permits us to stay connected with those we cannot regularly interact with, but these various platforms also promote comparison. It’s important to remember that no one is going to post pictures of themselves sitting on their couch, binge watching netflix. Typically, people only post their happiest moments, creating the illusion that they live a life free of insecurities or isolation. Allow yourself to engage with others on social media, but understand when it’s time to shut the laptop and create your own experiences, rather than living through the images of others. Appreciate the Instances of Solitude Overcoming loneliness is a combination of strengthening your bonds with others while learning to appreciate the moments of solitude. In the instances you are alone, instead of sitting on the couch watching television, try cooking, drawing, or playing an instrument. Go hiking or explore the areas surrounding your home. Make something of your time alone, rather than counting down the hours until company returns. Consider Adopting a Pet If living alone or away from your family causes feelings of loneliness, consider adopting a pet. Research shows that animals can minimize anxiety, maximize happiness, and prevent loneliness. Taking care of a pet can give you a new sense of purpose, as well as a companion to take with during hikes, car rides, or simply to lounge with in the house. Nothing is going to click immediately. You are going to have bad days, pointless conversations, or- try an activity you don’t enjoy. You can’t expect every singly interaction to end positively. Retreating into your room, insisting all efforts are useless, will not help you fight the loneliness. Giving up is easy. Challenge yourself to engage in one new interaction everyday, and push yourself out of your comfort zone. - Copyright: component more from the pavlovic today The Sunday Times published a leaked document from December 2020, advising then Prime Minister Boris Johnson to “no longer ask Richard Sharp’s advice about your personal financial matters.” According to the memo, officials warned Johnson in December 2020. Sharp, the second largest shareholder in Oncimmune and Johnson’s preferred candidate, was appointed the BBC Chairman in...Keep reading John Healey, Labour MP and Shadow Defense Secretary, told Sky News that the West is doing “much of what Ukraine is asking for” regarding financial and military support. Talking to Sky News, Healey said that Germany’s recent decision to send 14 Leopards and two tanks to Ukraine “allows other countries to move together to support...Keep reading EST 9:00 AM President Biden receives the Presidential Daily Briefing 11:40 PM President Biden departs the White House en route Springfield, Virginia 2:45 PM President Biden delivers remarks on our economic progress since taking office 5:30 PM President Biden hosts a Lunar New Year ReceptionKeep reading On Wednesday, President Joe Biden announced that the US would send 31 M-1 Abrams tanks to Ukraine.In the past several weeks, the government resisted sending Abrams to Ukraine, given the machine’s unique supply chain needs and the technicality demanded from tankers to operate it. During today’s press briefing John Kirby from the National Security Council...Keep reading In his remarks from the Roosevelt Room on Wednesday, President Biden announced the US would send 31 M-1 Abrams tanks to Ukraine. “They need an enduring capability to deter and defend from Russian aggression,” said Biden. The President said the US would give Ukraine the parts and training needed to use the M1 Abrams. “Delivering...Keep reading Kronik Kaşıntı Ağrı Nöronlarından Kaynaklanabilir Kontrol edilemeyen kronik kaşıntı genelde egzama ve sedef belirtisidir. Sinek ısırığındaki hafif kaşıntı gibi değildir. Yoğundur ve kalıcıdır. Bilim adamları bu kaşıntıya sebep olan etkenler üzerinde araştırma yaptı. Kaşıntıya sinir hücresi olan nöronlar sebep oluyor bu yoğun hissi nöronlar veriyor. Beyindeki BRAF geni ve sürekli aktif bir protein ile işleyen ağrı nöronları, kaşıntıyı sinyaller ile vücuda iletiyor. Farelerde ağrı ve kaşıntı eğilimleri incelenince bu sonuçlar doğmuştur. Proteinler ve kağalı birçok genin bu süreçte rol alması da bir gerçek. Kuru ve alerjik ciltli kişilerde kronik kaşıntı daha fazla hissediliyor. Omurilikte gastrin salan peptid reseptörü geniyle iletilen sinyaller kaşıntıyı aktarıyor. Normal kaşıntıda da vücuda sinyaller gönderiliyor fakat kronik kaşıntıda ağrı nöronları ve sinyalleri devreye giriyor yani bir gen buna neden oluyor. Yeni etkili hedef tedaviler henüz araştırma aşamasında. Kronik kaşınıt haftalar hatta aylar boyu sürebilir. Anti kaşıntı tedavilerinin destek sınırları tam olarak bilinmemekte. Campionato inglese. Salomon Rondon attaccante venezuelano del Wba, ha causato la frattura di tibia e perone alla gamba destra di James McCarthy, centrocampista irlandese dell’Everton: il sudamericano si è subito reso conto della gravità dell’infortunio dell’avversario al punto che è scoppiato in lacrime già in campo. Rondon ha immediatamente mandato un messaggio sui social a McCarthy: “Assolutamente devastato. Le rivalità vengono messe da parte quando un collega subisce un infortunio così grave. Spero davvero di rivederti presto in campo”. Play! All children play; it is a normal learning practice, a form of gentle interaction with the complexity of the real world, without serious consequences. Parents play with their children, adults and children play with each other. The activity may be joyful or serious, but it necessarily brings some form of satisfaction: fun, success, surpassing oneself, valorization, friendship, experience, learning, discovery, etc. Playing is a characteristic of social beings. The pleasure of play has always been exploited, both on a personal and collective level, and its mechanisms are put to good use. The Olympic Games impose a truce on the most tense situations. The "Panem et circenses" (Bread and circuses) of the Roman emperors remains a classic of governance that still operates; professional sport is one of its manifestations. The sharks of the casinos and gambling halls have been exploiting the lure of gain in the naive for ages. Games both oppose and connect. While gaming has long remained immune to mass commerce, the video game has brought it into the industrial age. The now multi-billion dollar video game industry offers a level of game sophistication beyond anyone's craft capabilities; only studios can produce them and claim success. As it has done with transportation, housing, food, or clothing, industrialization increases quality and accessibility. It fills a human need more effectively than any other formula. But as with other industries, industrial scale has consequences that can become problematic if left unchecked and uncontrolled. The industry itself can't really be counted on to limit itself in its excesses. With nearly 3 billion players, video games are becoming a medium in themselves, a channel that can also be used in education. It is a question of finding the formula that combines interest, pleasure and learning. One can imagine discovering how to assemble an electronic circuit to send an urgent message or to restore the historical timeline to the next level before Joan of Arc is arrested. Well done. You deserve your badge. The next step is open Denys Lamontagne - [email protected] پنجشنبه، 24 آبان 1397 ساعت 02:022018-11-14ورزشي مدیرعامل اسبق باشگاه استقلال گفت: مدیران استقلال به جای صداقت داشتن، هوادار را گول می زنند وی درباره نایب قهرمانی پرسپولیس گفت: نایب قهرمانی ما کجا، - انتقاد فتح الله زاده از بازیکنان پرسپولیس: در فینال آسیا قهرمانانه بازی نکردند " مدیرعامل اسبق باشگاه استقلال گفت: مدیران استقلال به جای صداقت داشتن، هوادار را گول می زنند وی درباره نایب قهرمانی پرسپولیس گفت: نایب قهرمانی ما کجا، نایب قهرمانی پرسپولیس کجا! به گزارش سایت قطره و به نقل
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, pp. 119-128, 2007. swissethics e SwissPedNet pubblicano una guida sul tema: inclusione di adolescenti in età fertile nelle sperimentazioni cliniche con possibile esposizione a farmaci teratogeni 30.09.2020 Quando si coinvolgono adolescenti/adolescenti in uno studio clinico, ci sono molte questioni etiche e complesse implicazioni, come la possibilità di gravidanza nei minori e le misure contraccettive da utilizzare a seconda dello sviluppo fisico e psicologico. Le sfide psicologiche ed etiche in queste situazioni sono affrontate nella presa di posizione pubblicata da swissethics e SwissPedNet. La presa di posizione è stata scritta da un gruppo di lavoro congiunto ed è rivolto a ricercatori, promotori e altri attori nel campo della sperimentazione clinica con giovani e adolescenti. Il suo scopo è quello di fornire aiuto e sostegno per l'attuazione pratica, vale a dire per il consiglio dei giovani e dei loro genitori in questa particolare situazione. Oltre a numerosi riferimenti, la presa di posizione fornisce un approccio pratico per affrontare queste situazioni. La presa di posizione è pubblicata in inglese. VIRTUAL reality technology will soon be so powerful that it will cause drug-like hallucinations, Microsoft has predicted. One of the tech firm’s top researchers said VR would be able to warp reality and catapult users into a new world. Mar Gonzalez Franco, a researcher at Microsoft’s Redmond headquarters, said: “By 2027 we will have ubiquitous virtual reality systems that will provide such rich multisensorial experiences that will be capable of producing hallucinations which blend or alter perceived reality. “Using this technology, humans will retrain, recalibrate and improve their perceptual systems.” The technology will also be refined to incorporate “haptic” systems, which simulate touching or being touched. Full Text HERE Just what pre-teen and teenagers need is mind-bending hallucinations, as if they did not have enough problem coping with their hormones. Parents may want to limit or monitor VR and AR use by their children. Children having LSD grade hallucinations is not going to make life any easier for teens or parents. In order for a horses circulation to remain efficient, they require regular movement; especially in their feet and lower legs. For horses that spend a great deal of time in a stable without any exercise, they can develop swelling. Light walking for no more than 15 – 20 minutes a day should be more than sufficient to prevent this from happening. When riding, you need to take the horses fitness into account. The best way is to determine what fitness level is required and create a daily routine that gradually builds her up to that . Once your horse has reached her desired fitness level, you can use common sense as to how to progress her regime; for example a horse that exercised heavily on one day may not need a big work out the following day, but rather a 20 minute walk to ease stiffness in the joints may be all that is required. As a rule of thumb, to keep a horse in tip top condition requires about two hours of exercise every day. However, please remember that in order to keep her back and girth regions toned, she does need to be saddled and ridden regularly. As with humans, both circulation and digestion are improved by regular exercise and horses that are left in stalls can become constipated and may develop mild circulation problems. Ensuring that she has a balanced diet and exercise regime will help to keep her healthy and in great condition. Mount Wrangell Volcano This colossal shield volcano may be one of the largest landforms in Alaska—rising 14,163 feet in an immense white mound containing about 220 cubic miles of material. The summit area features an ice-filled caldera more than 3,000 feet deep. The massif visually resembles its own range of mountains more than a solitary peak. Wrangell is awake too, producing occasional seismic rumblings or steam clouds, and is actively monitored by scientists. People often reported activity in the 1800s, but the last major eruption might be as long as 80,000 years ago. About 180 miles northeast of Anchorage A great view of Wrangell (and its sister volcanoes of Drum and Sanford) fills the windshield during the final 10-mile-drive east into Glennallen on the Glenn Highway. Wrangell will be about 50 miles out, south of Drum and Sanford, and will resemble a huge ridge with its own subordinate peaks. More views can be found along the Richardson Highway and at the Wrangell-St. Elias National Park Visitor Center at Mile 106.8 of the Richardson Highway, about 10 miles south of the intersection with the Glenn Highway. For More Information Wrangell is a colossal ice-and-snow massif inside the national park on the other side of the Copper River from Alaska’s highway system. It has no practical overland approach. But backcountry adventurers and mountaineers do visit and climb Wrangell, usually after getting dropped off by small aircraft. Wrangell is a popular flightseeing destination. به گزارش حلقه وصل به نقل از اسکای نیوز، بنسودا قرار است درباره تحویل عمر البشیر رئیس جمهوری پیشین این کشور به دادگاه لاهه با مقام های دولت انتقالی سودان گفت وگو و رایزنی کند. بر اساس این گزارش بنسودا در این سفر سه روزه قصد دارد تا موافقت مقام های سودانی را برای محاکمه عمر البشیر و شمار دیگری از مقام های دولت او در دادگاه لاهه جلب کند. پیشتر شورای نظامی انتقالی سودان اعلام کرده بود که این کشور البشیر را به هیچ سازمان خارجی تحویل نمی دهد و وی را در کشور محاکمه خواهند کرد. دیوان بینالمللی کیفری بعد از خلع البشیر از ریاست جمهوری سودان از مقامات این کشور، خواسته بود او را تحویل این نهاد بین المللی دهند. دادگاه بین المللی لاهه البشیر را به نسل کشی، کشتار سودانیهای غیر عرب در دارفور (واقع در جنوب این کشور) و جنایت علیه بشریت متهم و در سال ۲۰۰۹ حکم بازداشت وی را صادر کرد. طبق گزارش سازمان ملل در پرونده نسل کشی دارفور، از زمان آغاز جنگ در سال ۲۰۰۳ بین نیروهای دولت سودان و نیروهای شبه نظامی متحد آنها در یک سو و نیروهای شورشی در سوی دیگر بیش از ۲۰۰ هزار نفر کشته و دست کم ۲ میلیون نفر دیگر بی خانمان شدند. 靶向治疗是多年致力于了解癌细胞和正常细胞之间差异的研究成果。迄今为止,癌症治疗主要集中于杀死快速分裂的细胞,因为癌细胞的一个特征是它们迅速分裂。不幸的是,我们的一些正常细胞也迅速分裂,导致多种副作用。 靶向治疗涉及鉴定癌细胞的其他特征。科学家们寻找癌细胞和正常细胞之间的特定差异。该信息用于创建靶向治疗以攻击癌细胞而不损伤正常细胞,从而导致较少的副作用。每种类型的靶向治疗的作用略有不同,但都会干扰癌细胞生长,分裂,修复和/或与其他细胞通信的能力。 是靶向治疗癌症细胞内突变的表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)T790M的靶向治疗。 EGFR基因在正常细胞和癌细胞中都起重要作用。该基因导致EGFR蛋白的产生。这种蛋白质通常是分子链的一部分,它传递信号,告诉细胞如何生长和分裂。EGFR基因的变化(称为突变)可以改变EGFR蛋白的工作方式。EGFR蛋白质一直处于失控状态并且一直发出信号,而不是等待转向发信号通知细胞分裂或生长,这种失控的EGFR信号可能会驱动癌细胞的不受控制的生长。泰瑞沙india2080靶向EGFR的选择突变形式,包括t790M,L858R和外显子19-缺失。泰瑞沙india2080对于india2080突变和T790M抗性突变具有选择性,T790M抗性突变是EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂最常见的耐药机制。 注意:我们强烈建议您与您的医疗保健专业人员讨论您的具体医疗状况和治疗方法。本网站包含的信息旨在提供帮助和教育,但不能代替医学建议。 注:在本文所表达的意见/建议是作者独立的判断,印度直邮药房不承担任何责任。这些资料不应该被视为医生的建议或代替。请咨询您的治疗医生了解更多细节。 بازیافت پلاستیک روش فنی بازیابی ضایعات یا ضایعات پلاستیک و بازیافت آن به سایر محصولات مفید است. مراحل مختلفی در فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک وجود دارد مانند جمعآوری، مرتبسازی، خرد کردن، ذوب شدن و شکلدهی مجدد. این مقاله به طور خلاصه به فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک می پردازد. بازیافت پلاستیک و دستگاه تولید نایلون دسته دار معمولا راهی است که از طریق آن منابع طبیعی به طبیعت بازگردانده می شود تا پایداری آنها تضمین شود. زباله های سمی ایجاد شده توسط پلاستیک به شکلی اسفناک بر محیط زیست تأثیر گذاشته است. تحقیقات نشان میدهد که زبالههای پلاستیکی در کنار تمام شرکتهای اصلی که از پلاستیک در فرآیند تولید و بستهبندی خود استفاده میکنند، همه کشورهای جهان را به شکلی خطرناک تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. مراحل زیر در فرآیند بازیافت پلاستیک گنجانده شده است 1. جمع کردن ظروف پلاستیکی، بطری ها، شیشه ها، پلاستیک های بسته بندی، کیسه های پلاستیکی و پلاستیک های بزرگ صنعتی برخی از انواع پلاستیکی هستند که در همه جا یافت می شوند. اولین مرحله از فرآیند بازیافت، جمع آوری ضایعات یا زباله های پلاستیکی است. آنها سپس به حیاط جمع آوری فرستاده می شوند. سپس خراش ها بسته بندی شده و به کارخانه های فرآوری پلاستیک تحویل داده می شوند. 2. مرتب سازی مرتب سازی اقلام پلاستیکی غیرمشابه بر اساس رنگ رزین و محتوای آنها مرحله دوم این فرآیند است. تمامی آلاینده ها در این مرحله از بین می روند. پس از دسته بندی پلاستیک ها با کمک ماشین های طراحی شده ویژه، کارخانه بازیافت پلاستیک زباله را بر اساس نمادهای موجود در زیر پلاستیک ها دسته بندی می کند. 3. خرد کردن پلاستیک های مرتب شده در مرحله بعدی فرآیند به تکه ها یا تکه های کوچک بریده می شوند. سپس یک دستگاه طراحی خاص، تکه های پلاستیکی سنگین تر را از انواع سبک تر جدا می کند. این مرحله تضمین می کند که پلاستیک های با اندازه های مختلف در طول تولید محصول نهایی با هم مخلوط نشوند. 4. تمیز کردن در مرحله چهارم، تکه های پلاستیک با استفاده از مواد شوینده تمیز می شوند تا آلودگی های باقی مانده به طور کامل پاک شوند. سپس تکه های پلاستیکی تمیز بر اساس نوع رزین با تجهیزات خاصی جدا می شوند. 5. ذوب شدن مرحله بعدی زمانی است که تکه های خشک پلاستیک ذوب می شوند. پلاستیک های ذوب شده یا به شکل جدیدی در می آیند یا به صورت گلوله پردازش می شوند. تجهیزات خاصی با دمای تنظیم شده برای ذوب پلاستیک استفاده می شود تا در این فرآیند از بین نرود. 6. ساخت گرانول این مرحله ششم است که قطعات پلاستیکی در گلوله های کوچک زیر پا گذاشته می شوند. این گلوله های کوچک معمولاً به عنوان nurdles شناخته می شوند. این مرحله ای است که گلوله های پلاستیکی آماده تغییر شکل یا بازسازی هستند. یک واقعیت جالب این است که پلاستیک بازیافتی به سختی برای ساختن اقلامی مشابه شکل قبلی خود استفاده می شود. انواع پلاستیک بازیافتی انواع مختلفی از پلاستیک های بازیافتی وجود دارد که فرصت هایی را برای بازیگران بازار فراهم می کند تا در بازار بازیافت پلاستیک سرمایه گذاری کنند و از مزایای آن بهره مند شوند. اجازه دهید برخی از این موارد را مرور کنیم. پلی اتیلن با چگالی بالا سختی استثنایی، تطبیق پذیری، استحکام، مقاومت در برابر رطوبت و کاهش جذب گاز از ویژگی های اصلی پلی اتیلن با چگالی بالا است. از این نوع پلاستیک و دستگاه تصفیه آب در ساخت بطری های شیر، آب و آب میوه نیز استفاده می شود. کیسه های خرده فروشی و زباله نیز از این نوع پلاستیک ساخته می شوند. دیدگاه شما با موفقیت ثبت شد. “The [Japanese] government approved a bill Friday to recognize the country’s ethnic Ainu minority as an ‘indigenous’ people for the first time, after decades of discrimination against the group. The Ainu people have long suffered the effects of a policy of forced assimilation. While discrimination has receded gradually, income and education gaps with the rest of Japan persist.” The Japan Times “It is important to protect the honor and dignity of the Ainu people and to hand those down to the next generation to realize a vibrant society with diverse values,’ top government spokesman Yoshihide Suga told reporters. ‘Today we made a Cabinet decision on a bill to proceed with policies to preserve the Ainu people’s pride.’ The bill is the first to recognize the Ainu as ‘indigenous people’ and calls for the government to make “forward-looking policies,” including measures to support communities and boost local economies and tourism. Ainu have lived for centuries on Japan’s northernmost main island of Hokkaido, as well as nearby areas including Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. They struggled to pass down their language and culture after the Japanese government implemented an assimilation policy beginning in the Meiji Era (1868-1912), as Japan was modernizing. The Ainu traditionally observed an animist faith, with men wearing full beards and women adorning themselves with facial tattoos before marriage. But like many indigenous people around the world, most of Japan’s Ainu have lost touch with their traditional lifestyle after decades of forced assimilation. The Ainu population is estimated to be at least 12,300, according to a 2017 survey, but the real figure is unknown as many have integrated into mainstream society and some have hidden their cultural roots. The new bill states its purpose is to ‘realize a society where the Ainu people can live with their ethnic pride, which will be respected’ by others. The government will subsidize projects aimed at promoting Ainu culture and organized by local municipalities. The law would also simplify procedures for Ainu to get permission from authorities to collect timber from national forests for their rituals, and to catch salmon in rivers in a traditional way. In addition to the new law, the central government also plans to open a national Ainu museum and park in the Hokkaido town of Shiraoi in April 2020...’It is a major step forward on policies towards the Ainu people,’ said Masashi Nagaura, chief of the Ainu policy bureau of the Hokkaido Prefectural Government that has spearheaded policies for the ethnic minority.” 电线电缆产品的命名有以下原则: 1、产品名称中包括的内容 (1)产品应用场合或大小类名称 (2)产品结构材料或型式; (3)产品的重要特征或附加特征 基本按上述顺序命名,有时为了强调重要或附加特征,将特征写到前面或相应的结构描述前。 2、结构描述的顺序 产品结构描述按从内到外的原则:导体-->绝缘-->内护层-->外护层-->铠装型式。 3、简化 在不会引起混淆的情况下,有些结构描述省写或简写,如汽车线、软线中不允许用铝导体,故不描述导体材料。 橡套电缆的成本价格计算公式 平方X1.83=铜的重量X当时的铜价+橡胶的价格(重量X0.4元/斤)=成本价格+10%的加工费 电缆的价格=制造材料成本+固定费用+税收+业务费+利润 制造材料成本=材料成本*(1+材料消耗)(材料成本即为理论计算出来的值) 固定费用根据各个公司的情况有所不同,一般包括生产工资、管理工资、水电
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daha fazla birikmesini önlemeye yardımcı olur ve iltihabın ortadan kaldırılmasına katkıda bulunurlar. Boğazın kronik bademcik iltihabı ile yıkanması için, aşağıdaki tıbbi çözümler en uygun olanlardır: - "Geksoral", "İyodinol" ve "Klorheksidin" preparatları hazır formda satılır (su ile seyreltilmeleri gerekmez); - furacilin çözeltisi - su bardağı başına 1 tablet; - "Lugol" çözeltisi - 100 ml su başına 5-10 damla. Bademcikler Tonsillor aparatı ile nasıl yıkanır? Bıldırcınların vakum yöntemiyle yıkanması, boğaz hastalıklarını hızlı bir şekilde tedavi etmenize yardımcı olur ve sıklıkla kronik bademcik iltihabından kurtulmanızı sağlar. Bu yöntemin yardımıyla, bezlerin tüm boşluklarından pürülan içeriklerin çok dikkatli bir şekilde çıkarılması sağlanır. Prosedür sırasında, cihazın ataşmanları damağa bindirilir ve daha sonra bunların içinden pusun etkili bir şekilde ortadan kaldırılmasını sağlayan bir vakum etkisi uygulanır. Tonsillor aparatının yardımı ile sadece vakumlu temizlik yapılmaz, aynı zamanda fonoforez ile kombine edilen farinksin etkilenen bölgelerinde de ultrasonik etki sağlanır. Ultrasonik dalgalar, pürülan içeriklerin sıvılaşmasını teşvik eder ve bakterileri yok eder, aynı zamanda tıbbi solüsyonların en derin doku katmanlarına daha iyi nüfuz etmesini sağlar. Bademciklerin evde yıkanması Kronik bademcik iltihabı teşhisi konmuş kişiler düzenli olarak bademciklerin patolojik kitleler ve irinle doldurulması problemiyle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Eğer lakunadan zamanında uzaklaştırılmazlarsa, ağızda hoş olmayan bir tat ve koku gelişir ve zamanla, bağışıklık sisteminin zayıflamasıyla birlikte, anjinin ve beraberindeki tüm semptomların alevlenmesi olabilir. Tüm insanlar, profesyonel teknikler (vakum, ultrason, vb.) Yardımıyla doktorlardan bademcikler temizleme şansına sahip değildir, bu nedenle bu prosedürü kendiniz evde yapabilmeniz çok önemlidir. Kronik tonsillit nedenleri Makalede, kronik bademcik iltihabının neden tehlikeli olabileceğini, evde semptomlarının nasıl giderileceğini, bezlerin kendi kendine yıkanmasının avantaj ve dezavantajlarını ele alacağız. Bu, vücudun bağışıklığı tarafından artık bastırılmayan patolojik mikrofloranın hayati aktivitesine bağlıdır. Ayrıca, bezlerin (bir çok kanal, çukurluk ve cep) yapısı, içlerinde bakteri ve mikropların birikmesini, aktif üremelerini teşvik eder. Bu arada, bu bölgede yaşayan tüm zararlı mikroorganizmalar, 100'den fazla hastalık çeşidine yol açma yolları. Ayrıca insan bağışıklığını güçlü bir şekilde bastırırlar. Bu hastalık neden ortaya çıkıyor? - Kişi düzenli olarak kronik bir form elde eden akut olanlar da dahil olmak üzere bademcik iltihabına maruz kaldı. Ayrıca, bademcik iltihabının gelişmesinde, adenoidit dahil olmak üzere diğer enflamatuar ve enfeksiyöz hastalıkları da etkileyebilir. - Kronik form uteroda anneden bebeğe bulaşabilir. - Kalıtım da bu hastalığın olasılığını etkileyebilir. Eğer tekrarlayan anjinası olan hastalar bir sonraki jenerasyonda gözlemlendiyse, muhtemelen yavrularının da bu hastalığa karşı yüksek bir eğilimi olacaktır. - Nazal septumun kalıtsal, mekanik veya diğer edinilmiş eğrilikleri de bademcik iltihabı alma şansını büyük ölçüde artırır. - Dünyanın soğuk kemerinde yaşayan hastalar da daha güçlü bağışıklığa rağmen sıklıkla soğuktan muzdariptir. Ayrıca, aralarında daha sık görülen hastalıkların kronik formlarıdır. Akut anjinanın kronik bir forma geçişi ile karakterize olan semptomlar nelerdir? - Boğazda, düzenli bir hafif terleme hissi ve yabancı oluşumların hissi vardır; - Periyodik olarak, bir hasta kuru öksürükten muzdariptir; - ağız boşluğundan karakteristik pürülan tat ve koku; - özellikle akşamları vücut ısısında (sadece 37 ° C'nin üzerinde) hafif bir artış; - kaslarda güçsüzlük, artan yorgunluk; - genel halsizlik, iştah kaybı, uyku bozukluğu; - bezler ve yoğun beyaz kaplamanın dilindeki birikim, yumuşak dokulara basılarak sıkılan veya yoğun gargara ile yıkanmış yoğun pürülan plakların ceplerinde görünüş; - Boğaz kırmızıya döner, bademcikler hacimce biraz artar, bu da fiziksel olarak hasta tarafından hissedilir. Bu organların yavaş ama emin yıkımını önlemek için, hasta evde bademciklerin lakunalarını yıkamayı öğrenmelidir. Ev temizlik lacunae kullanımı nedir Bir şırınga ile yıkamak Hastalığın kronik formu ilaçların yardımı ile tamamen ortadan kaldırılamaz ve bezlerin çıkarılması makul olmayan bir radikal yöntemdir. Bu, organların şişmesinin çok az bir şekilde çıkarılmasına, dokularının daha az gevşek olmasına, pürülan tıkaçların lakunadan yıkanmasına, anjina sıklığının tekrarlanmasına neden olacaktır. Ayrıca, hasta boğaz ve lenf düğümlerinde inflamatuar süreçlerle karşılaşma olasılığından daha az olasıdır. subfebrilitet. Yeterli ev yıkama lacuna, birçok KBB hastası için iyileştirici bir ölçektir. (sinüzit, bademcik iltihabı, bademcik iltihabı, farenjit, sinüzit, vb.). Dezenfektan çözeltisinin akışı sadece pürülan tıkaçları ve plakları değil, aynı zamanda patolojik sıvıları, ölü epitelyumu, zararlı mikroorganizmaların kolonilerini de yıkar. İşlem, bezlerin cepleri tamamen temizlenene kadar gerçekleştirilir (kural olarak, en az 5 kez). Bunu yapmak için özel memeleri olan bir şırınga kullanın. Çözüm, ilgilenen doktorunuz tarafından seçilir, ancak yüksek verimlilik gösteren birçok popüler ilaç vardır. Bir lavajın hastalığının alevlenmesi sırasında bir antibiyotik yolu ile kombine edilmelidir, Bu, enflamatuar süreçleri yavaşlatmaya yardımcı olacak, patojenik mikroorganizmaları öldürecektir. Yıkamadan sonra, lacunae doğal olarak tıbbi preparatlarla doldurulur (propolis, aloe) özellikle popülerdir. Ayrıca bu dönemde, hasta ağız hijyeni dikkatle izlemeli, bir diyet sürdürmelidir (iltihaplı bademciklere zarar vermeyecek olan püreli, sıvı veya yumuşak yiyecekler almalıdır). Pürüzlü ve sert yiyecekler bademciklerin hassas yüzeyinde mikro çatlaklar bırakabilir, bundan sonra irin kanın içine girebilir ve vücudun zehirlenmesine neden olabilir. Ayrıca, işlemden 2 saat önce ve sonra yemek yemelisiniz. Kendiniz yıkamak için nasıl Bu durumda, bir dezenfektan ve antimikrobiyal çözeltileri, örneğin hazırlanması: borik asit, furatsilin, Rivanol, streptocid, manganez ya da antibiyotikler hlorofillipt, potasyum permanganat, iyot çözeltisi, otlar, tuz soda karışımı decoctions vb zayıf çözelti Tüm çözümler, patolojik kütleyi ceplerden etkili bir şekilde yıkarlar. Ayrıca özel bir "guttural" şırınga da saklıyoruz. Ucu uzatılmış ve belirli bir açıyla bükülecek şekilde yapılır, bu da prosedürü sadece uygun fiyatlı değil aynı zamanda rahatlatır. Ucu hafifçe bezlerin cebine sokulur ve basınç altında çözelti içine enjekte edilir, patolojik lenf, irin ve epitelyumun yıkanması. Ağız boşluğuna yıkandıktan sonra düşen çözeltinin kısmı çıkarılmalıdır. Prosedür, hastalığın alevlenme döneminde günde en az 1 kez olmalıdır. Yıkadıktan sonra, pamuklu çubukla iyodine (% 1) daldırın ve serbest lacunaları uygulayın. Ne yazık ki, evde yıkamanın birkaç dezavantajı vardır: - Kanülün yapısı (şırınganın "tüpü") derinden ayarlanmış lakunaya ulaşmasına izin vermez ve tüpün çapı küçük ceplere nüfuz etmeyi imkansız hale getirir; - prosedürü bağımsız olarak gerçekleştiren hasta, tüm cepleri fiziksel olarak fark edemez, çünkü bazıları "kör bölgede", yani çok düşüktür; - çoğu zaman yıkama, tüm enfeksiyonu cebin içinden yıkamamaktadır ve jetin basıncı, onu daha da zorlaştırmakta ve organizmanın tekrar tekrar zehirlenmesine neden olmaktadır; - Prosedür, bezlerinin gevşek iltihaplı dokuları için oldukça travmatik olup, yüzeyinde skar oluşmasına neden olabilir. Bezleri yıkamak için çözümler nasıl hazırlanır Birçok hasta evde hamilelik sırasında bademcikler yıkamanın mümkün olup olmadığını soruyor. Gelecekte annenin zayıf bir konsantrasyonda biyolojik olarak nötr çözümler kullanması durumunda, doktorlar prosedürde herhangi bir engel görmemektedir. - Bir furacilin çözeltisi. Oda sıcaklığında saflaştırılmış su bir bardak yarım alın ve içinde furacilin 1 ince ufalanmış tablet çözün. Ortaya çıkan çözelti bir şırıngada toplanır ve bezlerin ceplerini sulandırır. - Tuzlu çözelti. Bir bardak su alın, bir çay kaşığı deniz veya ekstra tuz ile birleştirin. Çözelti güçlü bir antibakteriyel etkiye sahiptir ve tuz, sırasıyla bezlerin katlarından irin çeker. - Klorofiltip Bir çözelti. Hazırlığı (1 parça) suyla (5 parça) karıştırın ve günde üç kez cepleri yıkayın. Bu yararlı mikroflorayı tahrip etmeden ağrıyı hafifletir, kızarıklık ve iltihabı azaltır, alanı sakinleştirir. Aynı şekilde Tonsilor çözümünü de hazırlayabilirsiniz. Ne yazık ki, bu prosedür gelişmiş durumlarda yardımcı olmaz ve bademcikleri tamamen temizlemez. Ayaktan bir ortamda bademciklerin profesyonel vakum veya ultrason temizleme kursunu geçmek için yılda en az bir kez deneyin. Bademcikleri yıkamak için şırınga siparişi verin Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam. hacim 2 ml Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam. hacim 2 ml Tübüler, ponksiyon biyopsisi, infüzyon-transfüzyon. 6 adet set. Tübüler, ponksiyon biyopsisi, infüzyon-transfüzyon. 6 adet set. Kulikovsky iğnesini veya benzerini "Kayıt" tipi normal atılabilir plastik bir şırıngaya takmak için. Kulikovsky iğnesini veya benzerini "Kayıt" tipi normal atılabilir plastik bir şırıngaya takmak için. Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam. hacim 5 ml. Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam. hacim 5 ml. Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile. hacim 2 ml Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile. hacim 2 ml Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile. hacim 5 ml. Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile. hacim 5 ml. Çukurları durulamak için yeniden kullanılabilir, piston üzerinde bir silikon halka ile bir çift ölçek. Hacim 150 cm3. Çukurları durulamak için yeniden kullanılabilir, piston üzerinde bir silikon halka ile bir çift ölçek. Hacim 150 cm3. Katlanabilir, tekrar kullanılabilir. hacim 10 cm3. Katlanabilir, tekrar kullanılabilir. hacim 10 cm3. Yeniden kullanılabilir, kuvvetler. halka, elastik bağlantı. hacim 2 cm3. Yeniden kullanılabilir, kuvvetler. halka, elastik bağlantı. hacim 2 cm3. Yeniden kullanılabilir, katlanabilir. hacim 20 cm3. Yeniden kullanılabilir, katlanabilir. hacim 20 cm3. Intra-oral infüzyonlar ve bademciklerin lavajı için şırınga Kronik bademcik iltihabını tedavi etmeye yönelik prosedürler için tıpta kullanılır. Bu tip tıbbi ürünler iki versiyonda mevcuttur: - cam 2 cm3 kapasiteli; - cam 5 cm3 kapasiteli. Yıkama için metal parçalar ve değiştirilebilir şırınga uçları bademciklerin lacunae "Medremkomplekt" şirketinin online mağazasında bulunan, paslanmaz çelik ve galvanik kaplamalı pirinçten üretilmiştir. Silindir ısıya dayanıklı nötr camdan yapılmıştır. Bu tıbbi ürünün silikon contaları, şırınganın ömrünü önemli ölçüde uzatır ve kullanımını kolaylaştırır. ağızlık Şırınga çok basit ve hızlı bir şekilde değişir, bu da herhangi bir işlemi çok hızlı gerçekleştirmenizi sağlar. Ihtiyaç varsa satın al bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga, onun komple set dikkat etmelidir. Kural olarak, bu tip şırınga üreticileri çıkarılabilir uçlar ve piston halkaları ile donatılmaktadır. Bademcikler yıkamak için kanül ile şırınga: dezenfekte özellikleri Bu tip tıbbi cihazlar çoklu dezenfeksiyona uğrayabilir. Ürünün dezenfekte edilmesi, bir şırıngaya damıtılmış suda tam daldırma sırasında kaynatılmasını içerir. Önceden sterilize edilmiş temizlik ürünü, ürünü akan suda durulama, yıkama solüsyonuna batırma ve özel bir ruff kullanarak şırıngayı derhal yıkamayı içerir. Ürün daha sonra akan su ve damıtılmış su ile durulanır ve 85 ° C sıcaklıkta sıcak hava ile kurutulur. Ürünün hava ile sterilizasyonu, 160 ° C'lik bir sıcaklıkta gerçekleştirilir. Bademciklerin yıkanması için bir kanülü olan bir şırınga, en zor çalışma koşullarında bile uzun bir servis ömrüne sahiptir (6 aydan 1 yıla kadar). Cam muhafazanın olası hasar görmesini önlemek için bu tür bir şırıngayı olabildiğince dikkatli ve dikkatli kullanın. Palatine bademcikler lavajı için Larynx şırınga "Medremkomplekt" şirketinin online mağazasında en uygun şartlarda mümkündür. Tıbbi kuruluşlar ve kurumlar için en uygun işbirliği şartlarını sunuyoruz. Lider üreticilerden yüksek kaliteli ve sertifikalı tıbbi ürünlerimiz bulunmaktadır. Bademciklerin evde yıkanması Bademciklerin kızarması, uzun bir süre boyunca kullanılan bademcik iltihabı (foliküler boğaz ağrısı) tedavisi için bir prosedürdür. İlaç ve eczacılık alanındaki ileri düzey başarılara rağmen, prosedür, ilişkisini kaybetmemiştir. Büyük palatine bademcikler veya bademcikler korunacak şekilde tasarlanır ve bağışıklık oluşumundan sorumludur. Çok sayıda cep ve kanaldan (lacunae) oluşurlar ve içlerindeki iltihapların gelişmesi sırasında, bezler bakterilerin sıcak yatağı haline gelirler ve çalışmalarını durdururlar. Bademciklerin lacunalarını evde bağımsız olarak yıkamak Soğuk algınlığına sıklıkla bademciklerdeki plak oluşumu ve iltihap eşlik eder. Plak, bir kural olarak, gri-beyaz bir renk kazanır. Virüsün vücuda yayılmasını önlemek için bademciklerin evde yıkanması gerekir. Evde bademciklerin lacunalarını yıkamak kronik veya pürülan formlar için kullanılır bademcikler iltihabı. Bu yöntem çok etkilidir, çünkü bu yöntemle enfeksiyon ve irin, sıradan durulamada gerçekleşmeyen lakunadan çıkarılır. Bu prosedürü yerine getirmek için, rivanol, furacilin, borik asit, streptocide ve antibiyotik çözeltisi gereklidir. Yıkama prosedürünün kullanılmasının hastanın iyileşme şansını önemli ölçüde artırdığı, bezlerin miktarını azalttığı ve bir dizi lenf nodunda iltihabı giderdiği kanıtlanmıştır. Yıkama prosedürünü yürütmek bir şırıngaya ihtiyacım var. Unutmayın: tedavi ederken, iltihaplı bademcikler ve bademcikleri travmatize ettiği için katı yiyecekler alamazsınız. Hazırlanmış bir furailin solüsyonu alın ve şırınganın içine koyun. Evde bir çözüm bağımsız olarak hazırlanabilir. 100 mililitre su al ve furakilinin ezilmiş bir tabletini ekle. Tuzlu veya tuzlu kaynamış su kullanabilirsiniz. Boğazın şırıngadan sulanması gerekir. Tuzun antibakteriyel et
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购置一件价值 30 美元的毛衣,那么该市场将必须确保已向当局注册,并跟踪生意业务,收集商品及服务税,并将其陈诉并支付给澳大利亚。这些划定将确保顾客对从国外卖家在线购置的商品缴税,就像他们对在本地实体商店购置的商品缴税一样。 跨国公司最初 对此 进行了还击, 以为 “合规包袱的增长需要渐渐推进,尤其是思量到一些在线市场天天的生意业务量很大 。 ”管帐和咨询公司 Fullstack advisory 的首创人兼首席实行官斯图尔特·雷诺兹 表现 。“增值税是一项需要转嫁的分外费用。需要在条款和条件上变动条约,以确保增值税本钱添加到最终价格中。” DLA Piper UK LLP 的合资人 Richard Woolich 说。 正是由于这个问题, 亚马逊暂停了国际商店对澳大利亚的出口。该公司将澳大利亚客户转至其国内网站 amazon.com.au ,以绕过减轻商品及服务税的合规包袱。但在收到客户的反馈后,这家电子商务巨头决定会合精神建设须要的庞杂底子办法,以遵守新法律,并向澳大利亚出口低价值商品。澳大利亚财务部计划在 2020 年 7 月 1 日之后对其低价值商品规矩进行为期两年的检察,看看怎样改进无法通过当局解决的问题。检察的细节尚未确定。 ATO 发言人说 : “尽管业界担心这是不大概实现的,但 一些 重要的 电商 平台如今都已经注册和收集了。 ”企业按季度向税务机构申报增值税。Etsy 的一名发言人表现,随着新划定的出台,公司会更新系统,以确保增值税在特定市场的征收和汇出,并将相关变革告知卖家,以确保合规。该发言人表现, Etsy 已经通过更新其卖家手册和帮助中心页面的帖子,向卖家转达了国际增值税要求的变革。 eBay 的一位发言人说,公司遵守国内和国际税收划定,包括在需要时将增值税汇给税务部分。 更多国度 参加对在线低货值商品增税的雄师从 12 月 1 日起,新西兰开始要求价值低于 1,000 新西兰元的外国卖家缴纳 15% 的商品和服务税。 普华永道 (PwC) 驻新西兰的合资人尤金•特龙比塔斯 (Eugen Trombitas) 表现,新西兰已将澳大利亚低价值入口商品划定的教导纳入其法律。 新西兰将对物品的价值制订机动的外汇兑换规矩,并提供安全港,以防备在向当局发送不准确的增值税信息的环境下对市场负担责任。 毕马威新西兰办事处合资人彼得 ·斯科特( Peter Scott )说,对于亚马逊而言,只有其美国站点可供新西兰顾客使用,由于其英国站点尚未遵守划定。 鉴于新划定实用于非新西兰住民,企业仍质疑新西兰税务政府可否有用地实行新划定。斯科特说 : “新西兰税务局负责处置非住民的税务问题,以是他们不肯定能容易得到信息,也不肯定有本领逼迫实行,除非他们志愿遵守。” 到 2020 年 1 月,挪威将对低于 350 挪威克朗 (38.98 美元 ) 的入口包装征收 25% 的增值税。 以色列本应在 2020 年 4 月 1 日之前开始要求对入口商品征收增值税,但由于该国面对不到一年时间内的第三次大选,该棤施陷入停滞。财务部一位发言人表现 : “新当局建立后将做出政策决定。” 随着越来越多的国度参加在线低货值商品征税的雄师,诸如亚马逊, eBay 和 Etsy 等电商平台就会对卖家进行提示,以确保合规经营。线上低货值商品逃税的日子不多了! 随着 “税务稽察 + 大数据”年代的到来,企业日常的经营管理過逞在税务、工商、银行、房管、证券、社保等监管部分互联互通的底子上,如同透明体,违规本钱越来越高。 区别于传统企业,跨境电商企业相对越发透明化。一方面,电商企业的业绩在互联网电商平台上都有迹可循; 另一方面,电商企业的收付款在互联网电商平台上同样留有陈迹。因此,做到财税合规才是今世跨境电商企业的一定选择。 CRS 告诉我们,当你是中国税务住民的时间,你的境外金融资产将会曝光,从前那种把大量资金留在国外公司账户上的操作大概不再那么好用了。 同样,中国版 CRS 的检察规矩也和国际规矩无缝衔接,假如你不是中国税务住民,同样也会把你在中国境内的金融资产毫无保存地互换给你的地点国。 这将是全全球税务系统史无前例地敞开心扉,来一次全全球范畴内的真心话和大冒险。 CRS 的到来,是打击跨境逃税这个千年困难上的一次大胆实践,随着这个互换系统的真正落地,大量的涉税信息会像大水一样进行互换,大数据,就犹如一个无孔不入的怪兽,会让你的财产无处遁形。 跨境电商税务不合规征象归纳如下: 1 、收款不合规 2 、付款不合规 3 、海外资金回流国内不合规 4 、物流、报关不合规 5 、未公道缴纳员工个税和社保 6 、未取得增值税进项发票 跨境电商企业一旦违背税法,大概涉及负担刑事责任和非刑事责任两个方面。非刑事责任第一要补税,第二要罚款,第三要交滞纳金,滞纳金是年化 18.25% ,罚款是 0.5 倍 -5 倍。 别的根据刑法的相关划定,最高可以判无期徒刑。因此,为了让跨境电商企业可以或许久远又更好地发展,财税合规化既是局势所趋,也同样是势在必行的。 跨境电商企业怎样做到财税合规? 一、资金合规 1 货品已在平台上成功出售,资金是否公道回到公司账户? 假如有收钱,外管无记载,大概涉及洗钱;假如有资金往来,税局无记载或无法对应到货品,那大概涉及逃税。尤其是近期,银行对于无法确认实体生意业务的资金活动,监管越来越严,这样无法确认实体生意业务的资金活动,很轻易被定义为洗钱。 2 假如资金进入个人账户,有什么风险? 个人跨境电商零售入口单次生意业务限值已由之前的 2000 元进步至 5000 元 , 将年度生意业务限值由之前的每人每年 2 万元进步至 2.6 万元。假如超出了这个额度,则按一样平常商业定性,需缴纳足额税款,不然视同逃税。 如今国度对个人账户的管理越来越严,尤其是个税方面,账户常期大量金额频繁出入,又无法自证资金出处,大概面对 20%-45% 的个人所得税。 解决方案: a 公司账户收款:假如组成小微企业,每月 10万免税额度,所得税率5%; b 公司账户付款:通过第三方支付机构付给供给商货款; c . 境外资金回流方法:之前一样平常是通过在香港设立公司解决,大量资金滞留境外。二、财政合规 1 、公司的营收是否全部合规申报? 2 、备查资料是否美满? 3 、业务是否都具备完备的数据链? 4 、购置货品是否有发票或别的记载可查? 三、物流合规 1 物流报关是否合规?正规的出口报关,需要批量化操作,而跨境电商多数缺少了报关清关,以及出口退税环节。 2 是否有完税凭据?假如有出口,海关无记载,那大概涉及私运。 解决方案:积极学习、使用跨境电商的新政策: 跨境电商 B2C 出口的商品种类海量,跨境电商卖家无法做到为每一类、每一批次所售商品均取得增值税进项发票。 根据国度现行出口税收管理政策, “无票”商品在“阳光化”出口后,不但不能享受出口退税,反而要加征增值税,出现“不退反征”问题,造成跨境电商卖家的海量包裹或以行邮物品方法向邮政交运,或交由有资质的商业企业按“市场采购”( 1039 )方法申报出境后再向别的国度邮政交运,再要么是交由物流企业以“一样平常商业”( 0110 )方法申报出境后再向别的国度邮政交运。 四、数据公道 1 、收入本钱费用比例是否公道? 2 、库存与收入是否公道? 3 、银行账户与营业额是否匹配? 4 、税负与营业 想要理解更多跨境电商财税问题,请连续关注我们! 近来几个月来,做日本市场的跨境电商卖家叫苦连天。日本税务政府对准了中国跨境电商公司,发现严峻的逃税行为。 蓝海亿观网理解到,名古屋税务局发现,9家实际控制人为中国人的公司在2019年遮盖了5.5亿元的收入,由此躲避缴纳的税金高达1亿日元。 税务局发现,这几家公司有几个共同的特点: 1.这些公司都是从事跨境电商的公司,重要在亚马逊日本站等平台从事经营活动; 2.这些公司法人是日本人,但实际控制人为中国公司。部分日本法人要求公司纳税,但中国管理层拒绝推行纳税任务。 业内分析人士称,一些中国公司为了得到电商平台赐与本土!公司的流量和其他政策厚待,注册日本本土公司,并入驻亚马逊和日本雅虎等。 许多公司通过低价策略甚至一些灰色本领,短时间内进步销量,等销售额到达肯定量,并获取了相当利润之后,为了躲避高额税金,敏捷把日本公司注销了。 针对一系列的乱象。日本政府开始接纳举措,针对中国电商货品接纳逆算方法征税。 所谓逆算方法,即不根据申报本钱进行纳税,而是根据商品售价减掉运营本钱,盘算出大抵利润。然后,根据大抵利润的肯定比例进行征税。在这一過逞中,海关具有肯定裁量权,根据详细货品的种类,做出差别的判定。 为了真实地核查卖家的真实经营状态。日本政府还要求FBA卖家提供真实的亚马逊ASIN,以确定该商品售价。 假如商品不是在亚马逊上销售,被抽查到的公司,还需要提供中日两边公司的商业条约和资金流等质料。 然而,在实际操作中,很多中国公司依然接纳“擦边球”的模式,向海关提供虚伪亚马逊listing链接。 在这种环境下,当地化合规经营是一定趋势。 然而,合规经营必须负担不小的本钱: 1.本土公司注册后,需要办公地点,要负担地点本钱; 2.日本公司需要做帐报账,需要请日本税理士处置账务。在这方面,公司至少要支付2万元人民币左右的本钱; 3.雇佣日本员工本钱。日本本土公司设立之后,至少要雇佣一名日本人作为雇员。日本属于发达国度,工资和福利报酬不低。正常环境下,一个日本人的公司一个月20万至30万,并不算高。 总体而言,假如公司需要实际地点,加上员工本钱,财政记账本钱,一家日本本土公司的基本 大概将达40万人民币。 这对于很多跨境电商公司来说,是难以负担。因此,本土化运营既有优势,也有肯定的包袱,跨境电商公司应当根据自己的实际环境来操作。 文末扫码参加日本电商交流群,对接跨境电商优质资源。 品牌文案筹谋及全网推广、电商培训!和孵化、账号申说、类目考核,请联系我们。不得私自 改写、转载、复制、裁剪和编辑内容 。 扫描二维码,参加大卖家交流群,赢利路上跑得快一些 50,000+卖家已参加 E’ tornata a casa questa mattina la 40enne scomparsa a Roccafranca. Tornata a casa E’ tornata a casa dopo un giorno, Maria Lopez, la donna scomparsa un giorno fa a Roccafranca. E’ stata trovata questa mattina a vagare in stato confusionale in una zona di campagna. Ora è al sicuro in ospedale per degli accertamenti. 百万发登录-日本自民党前干事长石破茂宣布参加自民党总裁选举 百万发登录-日本自民党前干事长石破茂宣布参加自民党总裁选举 中新网9月1日电 据日本放送协会(NHK)报道,当地时间9月1日下午,日本自民党前干事长石破茂举行记者会,正式宣布将参加自民党总裁选举。 在石破茂宣布上述消息不久前,日本自民党政务调查会长岸田文雄也已正式宣布参加党总裁选举。 日本首相安倍晋三辞职后,自民党需举行总裁选举选出继任者。该党总务会9月1日上午召开总务会会议。党高层认为首相突然辞职属于党章中的“需要紧急应对”的情况,决定不实施党员和党友投票。 日本共同社8月29日和30日实施的日本全国紧急电话舆论调查显示,关于下任首相的合适人选,34.3%的受访者认为是自民党前干事长石破茂,占比居首;其后为官房长官菅义伟(14.3%),防卫相河野太郎支持率占13.6%。 据此前报道,日本官房长官菅义伟将在9月2日正式宣布参选。 حضرت سلیمان در قرآن و تورات حضرت سلیمان در قرآن و تورات پرسش : قرآن و تورات شخصیت حضرت سلیمان را چگونه ترسیم می کنند؟ پاسخ اجمالی قرآن کریم سلیمان را یکی از انبیاء بزرگ و بندگان نیک خداوند معرفی می کند که در عین حال زمامدار مقتدری بود و داستان ایشان و ملکه سبأ نمونه ای از مبارزه ایشان با شرک است. اما در تورات کنونی سلیمان مردی هوس باز معرفی می شود که صدها زن از قبایل و اقوام مختلف داشت. در تورات سلیمان مردی معرفی می شود که به خاطر ازدواج با زنان مشرک، به مذهب آنان تمایل پیدا کرده و حتی دستور داده بود بتکده ای برای بتهای آنان ساخته شود و به کیفر چنین عصیانی، از طرف خداوند، با خلع شدنش از قدرت و حکومت مجازات شد. پاسخ تفصیلی حضرت سلیمان در قرآن مجید به عنوان یک پیامبر بزرگ و یک زمامدار مقتدر که حکومت بى سابقه و بى لاحقه اى داشته معرفى شده است و در سوره هاى مختلف از جمله سوره بقره، سوره نساء، سوره انبیاء، سوره نمل، سوره سبا و سوره ص از او به نیکى و عظمت یاد شده مثلا در سوره ص آیه۳۰ مى خوانیم: «وَ وَهَبْنَا لِدَاوُودَ سُلَیْمَانَ نِعْمَ الْعَبْدُ اِنَّهُ اَوَّابٌ»؛ (ما سلیمان را به داوود بخشیدیم؛ چه بنده خوبى! زیرا او بسیار توبه کننده بود) و به یاد او بود. قرآن در تاریخچه نسبتاً مشروحى که از این پیامبر بزرگ در سورههاى بالا آورده، نه تنها هرگز نسبت بت پرستى و بت سازى به او نمى دهد؛ بلکه سراسر زندگى او را از هر گونه آلودگى به شرک وگناه مبرّا مى کند. کافى است در این باره به سوره انبیاء آیات ۷۸ تا ۸۲ و سوره نمل آیه۱۵ تا ۴۴ و سوره ص آیه۳۰ تا ۴۰ مخصوصاً داستان هدایت کردن ملکه سبا و نجات او از چنگال شرک و دعوت او به سوى توحیدخالص مراجعه فرمایید. به خصوص آنجا که مى فرماید: «وَصَدَّهَا مَا کَانَتْ تَعْبُدُ مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ اِنَّهَا کَانَتْ مِنْ قَوْم کَافِرِینَ»؛ (سلیمان ملکه سبا را از آنچه غیر از خدا مى پرستند بازداشت چرا که آن زن از قوم مشرکى بود).(۱) اصولا از آیات همین سورهاستفاده مى شود که هدف اصلى سلیمان در ماجراى ملکه سبا مبارزه با شرک و بت پرستى و نجات سرزمین او از چنگال این انحراف بود. اما تورات تحریف شده کنونى درباره سلیمان چهره بدى به تصویر مى کشد، چهره مردى فوق العاده هوس باز که به خاطر هوس هاى خود تا سرحد شرک و بت پرستى حتى ساختن بت خانه پیش رفت. در کتاب اول ملوک و پادشاهان چنین آمده است: و سلیمان ملک سواى
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dogs becoming an accepted part of the official police establishment.2 The trend continued in the U.S., and work dogs were used extensively by our military during both World Wars. Arguably, there are anywhere between 8,000 and 15,000 police canine teams currently in the U.S. Officers in Pittsburgh, where I’m employed, first saw their importance in 1958. The department has maintained a strong K-9 presence ever since—for good reason. No. 1—Officer safety: Police dogs can search for and apprehend criminal suspects while officers maintain cover and concealment. This can dramatically lower officer injuries and the expensive compensation, benefits and medical bills that come with them. No. 2—Force multiplier: The police dog multiplies the force of any police presence. From my experience, stepping out of the vehicle with a police dog during a tense, rapidly evolving scene is equivalent to bringing a group of officers: The dog’s presence and loud barking produce a psychological impact—or fear—that’s obvious and effective in gaining the compliance of a disorderly person or group. This allows an agency to do more with less. So despite the initial sticker shock of starting a police K-9 unit, savings can be achieved long term by the agency. Also: Police dogs don’t receive the salaries and expensive benefits that officers do. No. 3—Less-lethal force option: Courts have established the police dog’s bite as a “less-lethal” use of force (Vera Cruz v. City of Escondido).3 The use of a police dog as a force option can prevent the use of deadly force and the litigation that goes with it (Matthew v. Jones).4 No. 4—Probable cause, property seizures and prosecutions: Police K-9s certified in the detection of drugs, explosives or firearms can give officers probable cause for additional search and investigation where that cause may have been absent without the dog’s indication. This will lead to additional and stronger criminal prosecutions. This can also lead to the additional seizure of property and currency that, depending on your department’s policies, can be funneled back into your agency in the form of equipment and personnel. No. 5—Public relations: There’s nothing more popular among children and adults in the police profession than the police K-9. Rarely does anyone remember the handler’s name, or face for that matter. But everyone remembers the dog’s name after meeting him briefly at a demonstration. This love of animals, and amazement at their abilities, makes the police canine a valuable tool for police/community relations. K-9s are a great asset to the team. If you don’t work with them currently, consider seriously how they might improve your operations. They’re a long-term investment, but in the long run, well-trained K-9s pay their way and then some. 3. Matthew v. Jones, 1994 FED APP. 327, 6th Circuit, 1994. 4. Vera Cruz v. City of Escondido, 126 F.3d 1214, 9th Circuit, 1997. Law Officer is the only major law enforcement publication and website owned and operated by law enforcement. This unique facet makes Law Officer much more than just a publishing company but is a true advocate for the profession. Secondo i giornalisti del ” Komsomolskaya Pravda “e” Rossiyskaya Gazeta “, i due teschi con la misteriosa valigetta con un disegno, cioè l’emblema della Ahnenerbe, sarebbero stati recentemente trovati nelle montagne di Adygea della regione del Caucaso . La scoperta nelle montagne del sud della Russia di Adygea, relativa alla comparsa di una misteriosa valigetta con due teschi, sta facendo il giro del mondo, ma poche persone ne parlano. I due teschi non sarebbero umani, ma appartenenti a creature sconosciute non ancora identificate dagli scienziati russi che hanno riscoperto, come detto sopra, forti correlazioni con l’emblema della Ahnenerbe (visibile sulla valigia), probabilmente appartenente alla società più segreta delle SS, che si dedicava allo studio delle forze occulte e soprannaturali. Questi oggetti trovati hanno suscitato grande interesse tra gli esperti. Gli storici hanno scoperto molti dettagli sulla storia della Edelweiss della Wehrmacht, tra cui la Stella Alpina Edelweiss tedesca, caratteristica dei primi cacciatori/esploratori della divisione della Wehrmacht ai quali veniva cucita come stemma sul cappuccio e sulle maniche agli stessi soldati che hanno piantarono le bandiere naziste sulla cima del Monte Elbrus, la montagna più alta d’Europa, che si trova nella Repubblica di Kabardino Balkaria nel Caucaso russo. I ricercatori hanno confermato che è probabile che i membri delle SS siano stati coinvolti nei misteri degli antichi dolmen e aberrati a causa della elevata radioattività naturale nella zona del canyon Kishinski. E ‘anche possibile che stavano cercando l’oro del Kuban Rada, perso da qualche parte nella regione durante la guerra civile russa (1917-1923). I ricercatori sono stati anche sbalorditi dalla scoperta di una mappa tedesca del territorio di Adygeya risalente al 1941, una mappa molto accurata e completa in dettaglio. Tuttavia, nessuno sa quale fosse lo scopo di questa organizzazione segreta che operava nelle montagne di Adygea. La scoperta nella foresta di un complesso etnografo nel villaggio di Belovodie Kamennomostsky, dove i teschi misteriosi sono stati rinvenuti grazie alla storia di un uomo del posto, un anziano. “Questo uomo del posto ha portato con se una grande borsa con un manico in pelle di colore marrone e un emblema della società segreta Ahnenerbe, stampata sul coperchio della borsa stessa”, spiega il capo del villaggio di Belovodie, Vladimir Melikov. Questo uomo anziano era un vero eremita che viveva e vive ancora in una capanna nei boschi, ma non si sa esattamente dove”. La Germania di Hitler ha partecipato attivamente allo sviluppo di nuovi tipi di armi in grado di cambiare il corso della guerra. Nel gruppo di Ahnenerbe c’erano 350 esperti che lavoravano con una brillante formazione e una grande carriera scientifica con vari gradi di sviluppo. Ahnenerbe, era composta da un gruppo di studio, che sviluppava appunto la ricerca scientifica su tutto ciò che era strano e misterioso esistente nel mondo, oltre ad aver fatto le spedizioni in Tibet, in Antartide e il Caucaso, veniva affrontata la ricerca di contatti con gli UFO per il segreto del potere assoluto. Pochi sanno che, alcuni anni prima della guerra, esperti tedeschi di questa organizzazione segreta, avevano offerto aiuto all’URSS riguardante la costruzione di tunnel segreti, strade e fortezze situate tra il Pitsunda e il lago Ritsa (nalla costa del Mar Nero attraverso la riserva naturale della montagna, ora chiamata Abkhazia). Presumibilmente tutto questo è accaduto per motivi di cooperazione internazionale. Al termine dei lavori, gli esperti tedeschi hanno trovato una morte tragica, dopo che i loro convogli caddero nel fosso dopo una curva. Ancora, oggi, i turisti affollano il Lago Ritsa dove si trovano i tunnel costruiti dai tedeschi. Da allora, si è scoperto che le ragioni per la costruzione di questa strada strategica erano diverse. È stato osservato che le caratteristiche idriche ed idrauliche del Ahnenerbe stabilirono che la composizione dell’acqua prelevata (altamente alcalina) veniva da una fonte situata in una cava sotto il lago Ritsa, che era ideale per la produzione di plasma umano. “L’acqua viva” del Lago Ritsa in Abkhazia, è stata trasportata dal Ahnenerbe nazista con vasi in argento, direttamente sulla costa del Mar Nero, poi attraverso un sottomarino che arrivava nella città di Costanza in Romania per poi finalmente venir accuratamente posta negli aerei che sarebbero rientrati in Germania. Bormotov, professore di economia e gestione delle grandi aziende per Maikop e professore per la Technological University, spiega che i nazisti di questa società segreta, avrebbero avuto tra le mani anche i piani per la costruzione di un tunnel segreto per consentire il passaggio del sottomarino agiva come una navetta tra il Mar Nero e il Lago Ritsa, ma i lavori per la costruzione di questo tunnel, furono interrotti dalla guerra. I lavoro di questo tunnel vennero affidati al 49 ° corpo d’armata della Wehrmacht, che fece la famosa scalata del monte Elbrus. Nell’autunno del 1942, l’aeroporto Maikop era diventato la sede del 3° Squadrone – 14° gruppo di ricognizione della Luftwaffe, che costruì il famoso gemello FW-189, aereo da ricognizione a corto raggio, ad ala bassa, prodotto dalla società tedesca Focke-Wulf Flugzeugbau AG negli anni Quaranta. Molti aeromobili erano dotati di strumenti sofisticati, controllati principalmente dai ‘laboratori volanti’, ossia dei veri e propri laboratori impiantati su grossi aerei da trasporto militare: “Questo fu più che sufficiente per proteggere le indagini sotto copertura dal Ahnenerbe nelle montagne di Adygea”, spiega Bormotov. Maikop era la città dove la Wehrmacht aveva il suo quartier generale. Da lì fu stato esercitato il controllo di tutta la campagna militare in Germania e nel Caucaso. Nell’autunno del 1942 tra le montagne del Adygea c’era la linea di difesa, dove gruppi isolati di soldati tedeschi sono stati confiscati nelle profondità delle montagne. Non è chiaro il motivo per cui le truppe vennero schierate sul Monte Pshekish nel mese di agosto 1944, quando la prima linea di difesa si ritirò esposta verso ovest. I nazisti non ebbero il tempo di finire il lavoro di costruzione del profondo tunnel sul Monte Pshekish, e il perché di questo fu un vero mistero, dal momento che vi erano indagini aperte degli esperti della Ahnenerbe. C’è chi suppone che i nazisti erano interessati a tapiri e documenti antichi, costruzioni preistoriche della città di Atlantide e porte spazio temporali che collegavano mondi e universi paralleli. Ancora oggi possiamo parlare di eventi insoliti nella zona. Recentemente la stampa locale ha parlato della scoperta, durante alcuni scavi archeologici, di scheletri alti tre metri appartenenti ad una razza umana sconosciuta in quello della Georgia, esattamente nella gola di Borjomi. Le fotografie fatte dai teschi sono state inviate ad alcuni paleontologi della capitale, ma questi hanno reagito con poco entusiasmo. Solo Vladimir Melikov ha ammesso di non aver mai visto niente di simile in vita sua. I paleontologi hanno tuttavia suggerito la prudenza, scambiandoli per dei crani di pecore; i teschi erano lunghi e molto distorti. I ricercatori ritengono che questi crani potessero anche essere utilizzati della “magia” di Hitler, che era alla ricerca di manufatti straordinari. Tra l’altro, alcuni esperti, guardando le immagini di questi teschi hanno avuto immediatamente le idee chiare. “Questi sono teschi di Annunaki degli antichi Sumeri dove “Dal cielo” cornute divinità, hanno partecipato alla creazione del mondo. La fonte si trova nei libri dello scrittore americano Zecharia Sitchin, origine, che identifica il popolo degli Annunaki come gli abitanti di Nibiru, un pianeta ipotetico del sistema solare con un’orbita eccentrica. A causa dei movimenti astronomici, questo pianeta appare nel campo visivo della Terra una volta ogni 3.600 anni. Secondo Sitchin, in questo periodo gli abitanti di Nibiru sbarcarono sulla terra per avere un contatto con gli aborigeni di allora, vale a dire con noi, coi nostri progenitori. “Siamo in grado di costruire tutti i tipi di versioni e di congetture, ma i resti trovati tra le montagne di Aguideya ci devono far riflettere”, ha detto attraverso un’intervista al quotidiano Komsomolskaya Pravda, l’accademico Prof.Bormotov Ivan. kleenexx Church of St Peter and St Paul Hythe Road, Dymchurch, Kent TN29 0LD » View on Map The Church of St Peter and St Paul was built in the mid 12th century when it consisted of a nave and chancel only. This Norman building survived unaltered for almost 700 years, save for fenestration changes and the addition of two large buttresses at the west end of the nave. These probably date from the 14th century when the soft marsh ground threatened the stability of the church. Major changes were made in 1821 to cater for the expanding village of Dymchurch. The nave was extended to the north by some 14ft and a new queen post roof was constructed to span the wider building. A gallery was installed at the western end of the nave, and a two stage tower was built at the west end of the church using the 14th century buttresses as side walls. Probably also at this time, the east wall of the chancel was rebuilt. In 1910, a semi-octagonal vestry was built to the north-east, and a new south porch replaced a former one of uncertain date. The first photograph in the gallery below shows the fine Norman south doorway. There is a similar Norman doorway, now inside the west tower. The two side columns have cushion capitals, and the round arch has three orders, a plain inside one, then a large roll, and a chevron band to the outside, all springing from square abaci. The tympani were infilled with tiles in herringbone pattern, possibly in the 15th century. The next photograph, taken from the west gallery, is of the chancel arch, which is also a fine example of Norman architecture. The west side of the arch is carved similarly to the south and west doorways with cushion capitals, square abaci, and roll and chevron orders. The eastern side of the chancel arch is plain. The arch is slightly distorted where the south side has sunk, but this movement was arrested in 1910 by underpinning. The third photograph also shows the chancel arch, with the chancel south wall beyond, and, in the foreground, the font, lectern, pulpit, altar table, and two recesses in the nave south-east corner. The first picture in the second gallery is of a 2-light window in the north aisle. The stained glass was installed in 2005 and is a modern interpretation of the keys of St Peter and the book of St Paul. The next photograph shows the late 13th century lancet window in the south wall of the chancel. The glass, dating from 1960, unusually features the Coat of Arms of the Diocese of Chichester and a Local Government Seal. The third picture is of another 2-light north aisle window. The stained glass in this one dates from 1949 and depicts Christ in Majesty. The fourth photograph in the gallery above shows the west end of the church of St Peter and St Paul. The gallery was built in 1821 and the organ was installed there in 1923. The photograph also shows the 1821 queen post roof to the nave. The chancel roof has common rafters and collars. Next shown is a closer view of the south-east corner of the nave. The two recesses behind the pulpit are unusual and of uncertain use. It is probable that one or both housed a statue of a Saint. The last photograph is of the font which dates from the 17th century or earlier. The circular bowl is supported on an octagonal column, on a roll mould
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ünkü bu tümörler yeniden gelişebilirler. Uzun süreli bir bromokriptin tedavisine veya radyoterapi ye ihtiyacınız olabilir GANGLION Ganglion, cildin altında beliren bir şişliktir, genellikle el bileğinde olur fakat bazen ayağın üst kısmında veya bileğin (el) iç tarafında veya parmaklarda olabilir. Belirtileri - Bilekte bir şişkinlik - Bu şişkinlikle birlikte ağrı, özellikle bilek açıldığı veya eğildiği zaman bulunabilir fakat genelde bu şişlik ağrısızdır. Bir mafsal veya tendon içine sızmış olan koyu bir sıvının birikmesinden meydana gelir. Genellikle dokunulduğunda esnektir ve çeşitli büyüklüklerde olabilir. Teşhis Bir fizik muayene yapıldıktan sonra, başka sorunların varolmadığından emin olmak için bazı testler ve röntgen gerekebilir. Teşhisi doğrulamak için bazen ultrason incelemesi yararlı olur. Esas itibariyle zararsızdır. Fakat bileğinizde veya ayağınızda bir şişlik fark ederseniz, habis bir tümör gibi diğer nedenleri saf dışı bırakmak için bir doktora danışın. Eğer ganglion ağrılıysa doktorunuz ameliyat veya diğer yollarla rahatlama sağlayabilir fakat çoğu durumlarda bu zararsız küçük şişlik tedavi gerektirmez ve yaşayışınızı etkilemez. Tedavi, Ameliyat Doktorunuz ganglionu birkaç yerden iğneyle deldikten sonra üzerine basınç uygulayarak patlatabilir veya içindekileri iğneyle çekebilir. Çoğu vakalarda ameliyat gereksiz görülür fakat gangliyon ağrılı ise ve direnaja cevap vermiyorsa cerrahi olarak çıkartılabilir GILBERT HASTALIGI Doğumsal ve ailevi bir hastalıktır. Nadiren görülür. Hafif olan olgularda hastalığın farkına varılmaz. Mekanizması tam olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, karaciğer hücreleri kandaki bilirubini alamamaktadır. Bazı hastalarda karaciğer içerisine giren bilirubinin ancak bir kısmı konjüge hale çevrilebilir. Bu durumda indirekt bilirubin 10 mg a kadar çıkabilir. Hafif derecede bilirubin artışı ile seyreden bir hastalıktır. Serumda indirekt bilirubin değerlerinin arttığı gözlenir. Toplam bilirubin düzeyi 2-5 mg civarındadır. Doğuştan olmakla birlikte, 15-45 yaşlarında ve erkeklerde sık olarak görülür. Zararsız bir sarılık türüdür. Hastalarda bilirubinin arttığı dönemlerde hafif bir halsizlik, bulantı ve karın üst kısmında ağrılar meydana gelebilir. Karaciğer ve dalakta büyüme olmaz. Karaciğer testleri ve SGOT, SGPT değerleri normaldir. Karaciğer biyopsisi normaldir. Hemolitik anemi hastalığı ile karışabilir, ancak kan sayımı ile kolayca ayırt edilebilir. Hastalık şiddetlenme ve hafifleme şeklinde seyreder. Yorgunluk, açlık, heyacan ve üzüntülerin sarılığın ortaya çıkışında ve alevlenmesinde etkili olduğunu gösteren çalışmalar vardır. Tedavi gerektirmez, sarılık bir kaç günde kendiliğinden kaybolur. Uzun süren sarılıklarda barbitüratlar verilebilir. GLOKOM (KARASU) Göz duvarının iç yüzeyi bir basınç altındadır. Bu durumu, kabaca, gözkapakları kapalıyken gözün üzerine iki parmakla basarak saptamak mümkündür. Göz doktorları özel aygıtlar yardımıyla bu basıncı kesin olarak saptayabilirler. Basıncın sürekli artmasına glokom ya da karasu adı verilir. Genellikle gözlerin ikisi birden bu hasta1ığa yakalanır. Hastalık, görme sinirlerinin zedelenmesine ve görüş açısının daralmasına neden olur. Göz içindeki basıncın artması, başka göz hastalıklarında da görülebilir. Fakat çoğu zaman tamamen sağ1ık1ı gözleri yakalayan bir hastalıktır ve sinirsel etkenler büyük rol oynarlar. Belirtileri: İki tür glokom vardır. Basit glokom, krizlere neden olmaz, ama görme güçlükleri hastayı doktora gitmeye zorlar. Ameliyatlar bu durumda etkili olmaz ve çoğu zaman muhtemel bir kör1üğün önüne geçilemez. iltihaplı glokomda geçici göz kararmaları, gözlerin önünde renkli daireler görülmesi, hafif baş ve göz ağrısı gibi belirtilerle ortaya çıkar. Şiddetli ve tek yanlı baş ağrısı, göz. boş1uğunda dayanılmaz basınçlar yapar. Alında, diş1erde, yanaklarda zonklama ve görme güçlükleri glokom krizlerinde ortaya çıkan şikayet1erdir. Göz akları kriz sırasında kanlı ve suludur. Kornea tabakası dumanlı, gözbebekleri büyük ve sabittir. Seyri: Glokom krizleri günlerce ya da haftalarca sürebilir. Krizler ne kadar uzun sürer ve ne kadar sık görülürse hasta1ığın iyi1eşme ~ansı da o kadar azalır. Bazen bir tek kriz kör1üğe yol açabilir. Krizler arasında tüm belirtiler sürebilir ya da iltihaplı bir durum olabilir. Tedavi: Erken tedavi şarttır. Eğer bir iyi1eşme olmazsa ameliyat gerekebilir. Önemle üzerinde durulması gereken konulardan biri de genel tedavidir. Heyecan ve ruhsal zorlamalardan kaçınmalı, hafif giysiler giymeli, giysinin yakaları boğazı sıkmamalıdır. Yere doğru eği1erek ça1ışma1ardan, ağır kaldırma ve ağır eşya taşımaktan kaçınmalıdır GRIBE KARSI HAZIRLIKLI OLUN Grip mevsimi yaklaşıyor. Özellikle aşı üreticisi firmalar tarafından grip aşısının gerekliliği üzerinde yoğun olarak durulmakla birlikte, risk gruplarına ve iş gücü kaybının büyük sorunlara yol açabileceği mesleklerde çalışanlara aşı yapılmasının faydalı olacağı söylenebilir. Bazı uzmanlara göre, "öldürücü" bile olabilen gripten korunmanın tek yolu, her yıl aşı olmak. Ancak aşı bir yıl öncesinin en yaygın hastalık yapan 3 grip virüsüne karşı oluşturuluyor bu nedenle tam bir koruma hiç bir zaman gerçekleşemiyor. Aşının yararlı olması için salgın başlamadan önce yapılması gerektiğini, uygun başlangıç zamanının ise Eylül – Ekim ayları olduğunu belirtiyor. Grip virüslerinin neden olduğu akut bir solunum sistemi hastalığı olan grip, alt ve üst solunum yollarını tutarak, genellikle ateş, baş ağrısı ve halsizlik gibi belirtilerle kendini gösteriyor. Bu hastalıkla, geçmişte çeşitli yollarla savaşılmasına rağmen gribin henüz tam anlamıyla tedavi edilmediği bilinen bir gerçek. Halen gripten korunma yollarının başında ve en etkili yöntem olarak aşılanma geliyor. Toplumdaki her yaştan bireyin aşılanabileceğini, ancak risk grubundaki kişilerin, sağlık çalışanlarınının, risk grubu bakıcılarının ve aile yakınlarının aşılanmaları gerektiğine dikkat çeken uzmanlar buna karşın yumurta alerjisi olanlara grip aşısı yapılamayacağı konusunda uyardı. Aşılama gribe bağlı ölümlerde azalmayı sağlamanın yanısıra işe ve okula devam sürelerindeki kayıpları ve ilaç harcamalarını belirgin şekilde azaltıyor. Son yıllarda grip aşısı yaptıranların sayısında hızlı bir artış gözleniyor. 1989 yılında dünyada grip aşısı yaptıranların oranının yüzde 33’den 1997’de 65.5’e yükselmesi dikkat çekiyor. GRİP NEDİR? Grip, Influenza denilen virüsün, solunum yoluyla insan vücuduna girerek özellikle sonbahar sonu, kış ve ilkbahar başında salgınlara neden olduğu bir infeksiyon hastalığıdır. Grip enfeksiyonu toplumun yüzde 1’ini etkileyen önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Toplumun yüzde 10’undan fazlasını etkilemesi ise bir grip salgını anlamına geliyor. Grip, tüm dünyada, işe devamsızlığın yüzde 10’undan sorumlu enfeksiyondur. Grip, daha önceden de bilinmesine rağmen aslında 1918 yılında yol açtığı büyük salgınla gündeme oturmuş bir hastalıktır. İspanyol gribi nedeniyle 1918 yılında yaklaşık 20 milyon kişi öldü. Daha sonra da daha ufak çapta salgınlar görüldü. Örneğin, 1957 yılında Asya gribi diye bilinen, 1968 yılında Hong Kong gribi diye bilinen grip salgınları oldukça büyük sayıda insan topluluklarını etkiledi. 1957-1985 yılları arasında ortaya çıkan 16 salgının her birinde ABD’de 10 bin-40 bin arasında ölüm vakası kaydedilmiştir. NASIL BULAŞIR? Grip de nezle gibi, hasta kişilerin bulunduğu ortamlarda, hapşırma ve öksürme yoluyla ve virüs bulaşmış ellerle temas (örn.tokalaşma) sonrasında kolaylıkla bulaşır. Enfekte olanlar enfeksiyon başlamadan 2 gün öncesinden başlayarak semptomlar başladıktan 7 gün sonrasında kadar virüs yayarlar. Bu süre içinde duyarlı kişiler için enfekte olma riski yüksektir. Dünya nüfusunun tahmini olarak yüzde 10’u ila yüzde 20’si her yıl gribe yakalanmaktadır. RİSK GRUPLARI Küçük çocuklar ve 65 yaşından büyük olan kişiler en önemli risk grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Bunların dışında uzmanlar özellikle; *Şeker hastaları *Astım ve kronik akciğer hastalığı olanlar *Transplantasyonlu organ nakli yapılmış hastalar *Böbrek hastaları *Bakımevlerinde ve huzurevlerinde kalanlar *Bağışıklık sistemini baskılayıcı tedavi gören kişiler *Anne adayları (gebeliğin 3. ayından sonra) *6 aylık veya daha büyük bebeklere de grip aşısı yaptırılması gerektiğini kaydediyorlar. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Türkiye’de bu gruptaki hasta sayısının 10 milyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. GRİP HASTALIĞININ BELİRTİLERİ NELERDİR? *Ateş *Titreme *Baş, sırt, kol ve bacaklarda ağrı *Boğaz ağrısı ve kuru öksürük *Halsizlik *İştah kaybı *Kas ve eklem ağrısı *Bulantı *Gözlerde yanma *Burun aktıntısı Grip, solunum hastalığı veya diğer kronik rahatsızlığı olanlarda çok ciddi durumlara yol açabilir. GRİP, BAŞKA HASTALIKLARA NEDEN OLABİLİR Mİ? Bütün üst solunum yollarında infeksiyonlara neden olan virüsler gibi, influenza, yani grip etkeni olan virüsler, sadece gribal infeksiyon tablosuyla sınırlı kalmaz; *Farenjit *Larenjit *Sinüzit *Orta kulak iltihabı da yapabilir. Sağlıklı insanlarda grip, 1 hafta içerisinde kendiliğinden iyileşir. Ancak bazı kişilerde, örneğin kronik hasatalık nedeniyle vücut direnci zayıf durumda olanlarda, kalp-akciğer hastalığı olanlarda, yaşlılarda, şeker hastalarında, pnömoni (zatürre), meningoensefalit (beyin iltihabı), miyokardit (kalp kası iltihabı) gibi ciddi ve ağır seyredip ölümle sonuçlanabilecek hastalıklar görülebilir. GRİBİN EKONOMİK VE SOYAL SONUÇLARI *Üretkenliğin kaybedilmesi ile ortaya çıkan işgücü kaybı *Küçük çocukların anne ve babalarından çocuklara geçebilecek enfeksiyon riski *Çalışanların işlerine gidememelerinden kaynaklanan ekonomik maliyetler *Yalnız yaşayan çocuklu kadınların hem işlerinden kalmaları, hem de çocuklarının karşı karşıya kaldıkları riskler KORUNMA YOLLARI Gripten korunmanın en başta gelen yöntemi grip aşılarıdır. Grip aşısı, özellikle hastalığa yakalanma ve sonrasında oluşabilecek hastalıklar yönünden risk taşıyan Yüksek Risk Grubu dediğimiz kişilere faydalıdır. Her yıl Eylül sonu - Ekim aylarında tek doz şeklinde yapılmalıdır. Aşı ile koruyuculuk sağlıklı kişilerde %80 lere varmaktadır; yaş ilerledikçe koruyuculuk %50 - 60 lara inmekle birlikte hastalığın hafif geçirilmesi sağlanmaktadır. Aşı uygulaması, erişkinlerde omuz kası içine veya cilt altına, 2 yaşın altındaki çocuklarda uyluğun ön-yan kısmına bir sağlık görevlisi tarafından yapılmalıdır. Her sene aşı içeriği değiştiğinden kişi o sene üretilen aşı ile aşılanmalıdır. Bu şekilde yapılan aşı, 1 yıl kadar gripten koruma sağlar. Aşı, embriyonlu yumurta kesesinden elde edilmektedir; bu nedenle yumurta allerjisi olanlar kullanmamalıdır. GRIP ve NEZLE Grip mi yoksa nezle mi oldugunuzu nasil anlarsiniz ?|iki hastalik arasindaki farklar ve korunma yollari aSagida belirtilmiStirGripGrip ve nezle ayni yollardan kiSiden kiSiye geçer. Hastalarin öksurup aksirmasindan havaya mikroplu su damlaciklari dagilir ve bunlar diger kiSilere solunum yoluyla geçer. Ancak grip, nezleden daha yaygindir. Bazi kiSilerde, özellikle 65 yaSin ustunde olanlarda zaturree gibi ciddi sorunlara yol açabilir. Kalp hastalarinda ölume neden olabilir.|BelirtileriGrip ateS, titreme, kaslarda agri, agizda ve bogazda kuruluk, baS agrisi, öksuruk ve yataktan kalkamayacak derecede bitkinlik ve uyuma hissi ile kendini gösterebilir. Bazi kiSilerde kusma görulebilir. Genellikle 7-10 gun surer.|Korunma YollariGrip bir çogumuzu ciddi olarak etkilemese bile bazi kiSiler için hastalik tehlikelidir ve bu kiSilerin her yil gribe karSi aSi olmalari gerekir. Bunlar arasinda: - 65 yaSin uzerinde olan kiSiler - Astim dahil kronik akciger hastalari - Kalp ve böbrek hastalari ve - BagiSiklik sistemini zayiflatan ilaçlari kullanan hastalari sayabiliriz. Her zaman kendinizi saglikli hissetseniz bile eger risk grubu içinde iseniz, doktorunuzdan size aSi yapmasini rica etmelisiniz. ASi, size grip mevsimi baSlamadan önce bagiSiklik sisteminizi takviye etmeniz için olanak verecektir. Grip aSisi, yaSli kiSilerle veya bagiSiklik sistemi zayiflamiS kiSilerle ilgilenen saglik görevlileri için de tavsiye edilir. Grip aSisi, gebe kadinlar ve yumurtaya alerjisi olan kiSiler için uygun degildir. Gribi önlemenin diger yolari arasinda gripli kiSilerden uzak durmak, öksurenlerin ve aksiranlarin bulundugu kalabalik yerlere gitmemek ve bulunmamaktir. Bazen mikroplar vucudumuza ellerimizden geçtiginden, ellerimizi xxx xxx yikamak faydali olabilir. Olabildiginiz kadar saglikli olmaya çaliSin, sigara içmeyin (sigara içenler nezle ve gribe daha çok yakalanirlar), yeterince dinlenin ve bol bol sebze meyve yiyin.|Grip OluncaAteSiniz normal duzeyine inip bu seviyede yaklaSik 48 saat kalincaya kadar yataktan çikmayin. Yatak istirahati vucudunuzun virusle savaSmasina yardimci olur. Bol bol sivi Seyler için. AteS için aspirin veya parol gibi ilaçlar kullanilabilir, ancak çocuklarda aspirin kullanmayin. Belirtiler kötuleSirse, (örnegin nefes almakta guçluk, öksururken sarimsi veya yeSilimsi balgam, Siddetli baS agrisi, aSiri su kaybi gibi) veya riskli grupta iseniz mutlaka doktora gidin.|Nezle|cocuklar yilda ortalama 10 defa, buyukler ise 2-3 defa nezleye yakalanirlar. Hastaligin en kötu belirtileri 2-3 gun surer. Belirtiler arasinda hafif ateS, baS agrisi, burun akmasi ve aksirma sayilabilir. onlem ve tedavi gripte oldugu gibidir. Ancak nezlenin aSisi yoktur ve genelde hastalara yatak istirahati gerekmez. Gripte oldugu gibi, nezleye tutuldugunuz zaman da baSkalarindan uzak kalarak hastaligin onlara bulaSmasini engellemelisiniz GRIPTEN KORUNMANIN YOLLARI Kış, insanların en çok gribe yakalandığı mevsimdir. Belirtiler tanıdıktır, ilk olarak boğazda bir karıncalanma, ardından hapşırık gelir; nihayet burun akmaya başlar. Bunlara bir de baş, eklem ve boğaz ağrıları, öksürük eklenir ve ateş çıkar. Teşhis: grip. Çoğu zaman buna yol açan zayıf bir bağışıklık sistemidir. Soğuk algınlığına neden olan yaklaşık 200 çeşit virüse karşı bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirmek gerekir. Soğuk duş Her sabah soğuk bir duş, özellikle burun - gırtlak bölümünde kan dolaşımını düzenler ve saldırgan virüslere karşı iyi bir savunma oluşturur. Sauna Saunada terledikten sonra soğuk suyla dolu bir küvete girmek çok önemli. Soğuk suyun uyarıcılığı damarları hareketlendirir, =)=)=)=)bolizmayı düzenler ve bedenin serbest radikallere karşı savunma gücünü çoğaltır. Ayaklara dönüşümlü sıcak - soğuk su banyosu Her iki ayağınızı yaklaşık 12 derece soğukluktaki suya daldırın, bir kaç dakika sonra 40 derece sıcaklıktaki suya sokun. Bir kaç defa tekrar edin.
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national resources. We have criticized the destruction of foods to hold up the prices.” One of Engdahl’s first articles was about IWW activist and fellow Swede Joe Hill, whose songbook, To Fan the Flames of Discontent, the IWW published in 1916. Born Joel Emmanuel Hägglund in Gävle, Sweden, in 1879 and also known as Josef Hillström, Hill left for America in 1902 and became a migrant worker out west, eventually joining the IWW. He was sentenced to death and shot by a firing squad on November 19, 1915, in Salt Lake City, Utah, for a murder and robbery he most likely did not commit. Engdahl writes in Allarm: “Today, I learned to my horror that comrade Hillström had been shot. Today, November 19, 1915. How can something like that happen today? Sleep well tonight, Mr. Governor! What crime has Josef Hillström committed? He was a discontented slave, and he was intelligent. God, that is enough to be criminal!” On the first anniversary of Joe Hill’s death, Engdahl again wrote about his fellow IWW Swede, asking why he should be praised and answering, “because he was a man! In one of his last letters, Hill wrote, ‘Don’t waste time over my memory—organize!’ Those are manly words worthy of remem- bering for everyone.” Engdahl wrote for Allarm until its last issue in May 1918. He believed being a revolutionary was the “self-evident duty of the awakened worker,” and it is “preferable to die as an honest revolutionary rather than to defend the mortal enemies on Wall Street. It is more honest to die for freedom than for the private capitalists. We are the defenders of freedom and nothing can suppress us.” Is there anything “more rotten than politics,” he asks in another article and calls the approaching World War I the “greatest curse.” It was better to die in an “honest revolution than on the bloody and stinking battlefields.” Engdahl believed that the IWW was the only group that dared to take action. On September 5, 1917, agents of the US Department of Justice raided forty-eight IWW halls across the country and arrested 166 Wobblies on charges of violating the US Espionage Act. In the final six months of Allarm’s existence, much space was devoted to these arrests and the subsequent trial in Chicago. Among the arrested were three Swedes: the editor of Allarm, Carl Ahlteen; its business manager, Sigfrid Stenberg; and Chicago-based Ragnar Johanson, a painter, IWW activist, and frequent contributor to the paper. A fourth Swede, Edward Mattson, managed to avoid arrest by fleeing to Canada. Returning to Sweden, he became a leading figure in the syndicalist movement. At the trial, Ahlteen was sentenced to twenty years in prison and fined $20,000, while Stenberg and Johanson each received ten-year prison sentences and fines of $30,000. They never served their full prison terms. In a deal with the US government, they were released in early 1923 and deported to Sweden. A photo in the Swedish syndicalist paper Arbetaren from January 24, 1923, shows three smiling young men in overcoats and elegant hats arriving by boat in Göteborg, welcomed by friends and colleagues. Carl Ahlteen, spelled Althén in Swedish, came to America from Grimslöv in Småland in southern Sweden soon after the General Strike. According to Michael Brook, Ahlteen prided himself on his hardness and realism, always insisting that the workers must fight for themselves. Power and power alone must be the motto of the working class, Ahlteen writes in Allarm in June 1916, and when the worker wakes up, the time has come when “our comrades once again can breathe freely.” Back in Sweden, Ahlteen’s political and union activities faded, and it is possible that Ahlteen again left Sweden in the 1930s and that he died in Colombia soon after World War II. Ragnar Johanson was a prominent syndicalist before leaving for America in 1912. Called “a silver tongued orator,” he frequently wrote for Allarm and became a leading itinerant agitator for IWW among Swedish immigrants in America. Once back in Sweden he continued his syndicalist activities and was for many years a manager at the syndicalist publishing house Federativ. He died in 1959. Sigfrid Stenberg, born in Stora Tuna in the province of Dalarna in 1892, worked in the lumber industry and as a painter before coming to America in 1912. He was Allarm’s business manager until his arrest in 1917. The evidence on which Stenberg’s conviction was based was a telegram he wrote that said in Swedish, “Sänd Allarm”—meaning “Send Allarm,” the paper—which the prosecutor translated as “Send all weapons.” Stenberg also continued his union activities in Sweden. He joined SAC, the Swedish syndicalist organization, and worked as a journalist at SAC’s newspaper Arbetaren until his death in 1942, at the age of fifty. The three, Engdahl writes in “My Life,” “were intelligent, honest, and idealistic. They had the courage to follow their inner light regardless of consequences.” After Allarm ceased publishing, Engdahl started writing for other newspapers and periodicals, often about culture, literature, music, and poetry. He wrote for Henry Bengston’s Svenska Socialisten (the Swedish Socialist) in Chicago, the organ of the Scandinavian Socialist Federation, founded in 1910 in Chicago and which had at its height over thirty-seven hundred members, mostly Swedes. He wrote for Bokstugan (the Book Cabin), a literary magazine and official organ of the Verdandi Study League, also in Chicago, started in 1919 by Wallentin Wald, a young painter from Engdahl’s Young Socialists Club in Stockholm who had left for America after serving a prison sentence for distributing pacifist leaflets in Stockholm. At Bokstugan, Wald surrounded himself with a group of enthusiastic literary contributors, among them Engdahl. They were not academically trained, but they were all “serious thinkers and well able to express themselves in both verse and prose.” Bengston said Bokstugan, which published articles in both Swedish and English, “reached a, by far, higher literary standard than any of its Swedish contemporaries in the United States.” September 1928 was its last issue. Wald died in 1946. Later, between 1958 and 1969, Engdahl was a frequent contributor to Kulturarvet (Swedish Heritage), also edited by Bengston and published by the Swedish Cultural Society of America, which elected Engdahl its chairman in 1964. Engdahl also wrote a regular column for the Minne- apolis Labor Review and showed great fondness for early progressive Swedish American politicians in Minnesota, such as Magnus Johnson and Charles A. Lindbergh Sr. Parallel to writing, Engdahl worked as a carpenter, was active in the Twin Cities Carpenters’ Union No. 7 in Minneapolis, and was secretary of the Twin City Carpenters’ District Council. He also joined the American Federation of Labor (AFL). In a speech on the local radio station WCCO on May 8, 1931, published that day in the Minneapolis Tribune, Engdahl makes a strong case for the working man and for organized labor “to make this world a better place to live in.” He said the “day is at hand when people will understand our motives. The day is at hand when through our effort there shall come an era of happiness such as the world has never seen before, when the morning sun shall shine upon the smiling faces of our children who, in turn, shall dedicate their lives to preserve the cause of liberty, justice and equality which the workers, through endless struggle and sacrifice have won for them.” In the early 1930s, Engdahl joined the Farmer-Labor Party and held several positions in Governor Floyd B. Olson’s administrations. Until the mid-1950s, Engdahl was in charge of the construction and mainte- nance of the public welfare buildings in Minneapolis. Governor Olson also named him the first union representative of organized labor on the building commission for a new office building. When Engdahl was unable to prevent the commission from setting the pay scale 20 percent below union wages, he went to Olson ready to hand in his resignation. But the governor refused to accept it, and at a meeting to decide on the wages, Olson, according to Engdahl’s account in “My Life,” gave “one of the most factual and forceful speeches I have ever heard. When he was through, the chairman stated, ‘Gentlemen, you have just heard one of the greatest speeches by the greatest governor in the USA supporting the proposition of establishing the union scale as the prevailing scale on our office building. It is up to you to decide what to do.’” The motion to pay union scale carried. “We had a great governor,” Engdahl writes. “We did not realize the magnitude of the man.” In his interview with Lennart Setterdahl, Engdahl said that “Olson would have been a good president. There was no speaker like him. He was radical, but clever.” Walfrid Engdahl slowly made peace with the country that had pushed him away. When Augusta Engdahl went to Sweden in 1948 to visit her relatives, her husband chose not to go. For him, Sweden remained a “pariah,” and it was not until the mid-1960s, when Walfrid and Augusta Engdahl spent almost a year in Sweden, that his picture of the old country changed. By then, Sweden was a nation transformed by democratic reforms and the rise to power of the labor movement to which he had helped give birth. To Setterdahl he said, “I got a very good impression of Sweden when I visited in 1967–68. There was a sense of security and happiness. I did not see one sad face during the whole year.” And his grandson, Brad, recalled with a laugh that when his grandfather returned to America, “he said that Sweden was the greatest country, and he was so pleased and so impressed.” Engdahl later wrote in Kulturarvet about Sweden’s rich culture and the big changes that had taken place there: “Much of what we, in our youth, dreamed of has become reality. In a more fortunate way than in any other country, a bloodless revolution has transpired in Sweden, which has given the working people and the elderly free and joyous human dignity. The fear of destitution and old age is now only memory about hard and cruel times that are no more.” Carl Skoglund and Walter Malte Frank were contemporaries of Walfrid Engdahl in Minnesota. Both, also blacklisted, left Sweden for America as young men in their twenties in the immediate aftermath of the 1909 General Strike. And both left their mark on radical politics and labor relations in their new home country—Skoglund as a militant strike leader and a revolutionary communist until the end of his life, and Frank as a prominent union leader and a man of the political establishment in Minnesota who helped launch the Farmer-Labor Party of Minnesota and ran for political office—a “typical centrist,” as Skoglund once called Frank. For Skoglund and Frank, as for Engdahl, America did not seem to be “the thought for the day and the dream of the night,” as Isidor Kjellberg had written after the Sundsvall strike in 1879. They were not struck by “America fever.” Skoglund said in a 1960 interview for Minnesota’s Radicalism Project, “I had not thought about leaving Sweden, or emigrating. I had intended to stay, but because of this situation I had very little choice.” And Frank, who refused to serve in the Swedish army, later explained that his three choices were army, jail, or emigration, and he chose emigration. Skoglund, born in 1884, hailed, like Engdahl, from the province of Dalsland in western Sweden, more precisely from Svärdlungskogen, near the town of Bengtsfors. Growing up in Sweden, Skoglund described a hard life of strife and great poverty, where “conditions were very primitive.” His father was a “semi-feudal serf.” “In reality, my generation became the break between the old semi-feudal life and the new industrial life,” Skoglund said. Skoglund barely had three full school years behind him when he went to work at a paper mill. At twenty-one, he was drafted into the Swedish army like all other young men at the time. After the army, he went back to school for six months and also went back to work at the paper mill, but as he became involved in organizing the workers, he quit, or was forced to quit, and found that there were no jobs anywhere for him. He left for America, arriving in Boston in 1911 and continuing directly by train to Minneapolis, where a series of different jobs fol- lowed—cement mixer, lumberjack, night fireman, and janitor. These were hard years. “At the time, I had carried in my mind to commit suicide and to sit on the Minnesota River to jump in and drown myself,” he said. Skoglund helped Engdahl edit Allarm, and by that time he had started working for the Pullman Company’s railroad. He also started to write a column called “Kvarnstad Krönika” (Mill City Chronicle) for Svenska Socialisten in Chicago. At Pullman, he helped organize the Pullman workers into a new union, the Brotherhood of Railroad Car Men, affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL). A nine-month- long strike in 1922 cost him his job, and Skoglund never worked for Pullman again. Shortly after arriving in Minnesota, Skoglund became a member of the IWW, but he did not support its antipolitical syndicalist policies and moved on, joining, in 1914, the Scandinavian Socialist Federation of the Socialist Party. When the Socialist Party split after the Russian Revolution in 1917, Skoglund sided with the left wing, which went on to form the Communist Party of America. In 1928, he was expelled from the Communist Party for opposing Stalinism and supporting Trotsky, and in 1938 he helped form the Trotskyist Socialist Workers Party. By then, Trotsky lived in exile in Mexico, and Skoglund had planned to join other party leaders there for political discussions. He never went, fearing he would not be let back into America since he was not a US citizen. In a letter to Skoglund at a hotel in Laredo, Texas, on the border with Mexico, Trotsky writes, “I am profoundly chagrined that you are handicapped by some judicial obstacles to come here. . . . I would be very happy to meet a representative of the ‘old guard’ who many comrades consider their teacher. Natalia and I embrace you fraternally.” Following the outbreak of World War II, Skoglund and eighteen other Trotskyists were arrested under the Alien Registration Act of 1940, also known as the Smith Act. They were sentenced to jail and Skoglund spent 1944–45 in a federal prison. The Smith Act had made it a crime to advocate the overthrow of the US government and also stipulated that all non–US citizens had to register with the government. Carl Skoglund, or “Skogie” as his friends and fellow workers called him, is best remembered for his central role in the 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters’ Strike, a “landmark in the labor history not only of Minnesota but of the United States.” The strike, which took place at the height of the Depression, when one-third of the workers in Minneapolis were unemployed, was led by Skoglund and Vincent Raymond Dunne. They had met in the Minneapolis coal yards and came to play “critical roles in the struggle for union recognition in Minneapolis.” Dunne was of Irish and French-Canadian descent, born in Kansas City in 1889, but he grew up on a farm in central Minnesota. He became a lumberjack and a Wobbly and a socialist in his youth. In 1920 he joined the Communist Party and later became a Trotskyist, which he remained until his death in 1970. “Skoglund was a socialist and a very able man,” Dunne recalled in an interview for the Minnesota Radicalism Project. “He became a very well-known labor leader in this town. He was a thorough-going socialist, an international revolutionary socialist. Once he said to me, ‘This is the place, Vincent Dunne, you have
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:“然,能训治其民矣。”乃立称於夷宫,是为孝公。自是後,诸侯多畔王命。 其来年冬,郊雍五帝,还,拜祝祠泰一。赞飨曰:“德星昭衍,厥维休祥。寿星仍出,渊耀光明。信星昭见,皇帝敬拜泰祝之飨。” Tornei Torneo all'ultima portata: qual è il miglior piatto della cucina parmigiana? Sfida dopo sfida, decidi chi è dentro e chi è fuori fino a decretare il vincitore finale! Parma - Roma e le altre: qual è stata la vittoria più esaltante del Parma negli ultimi anni? Le città più visitate al mondo: in quale ti piacerebbe vivere? Gli alberi di Natale in piazza Garibaldi: scegli il più bello degli ultimi anni! Le cose più belle e buone di Parma: qual è la migliore di tutte? Ciak, si gira! Qual è il più bel film da Oscar di sempre? Pasquetta parmigiana: qual è il miglior modo di trascorrere la giornata? Vota la più bella scuola di Parma: il torneo finale! I luoghi della cultura parmigiana: qual è il più bello di tutti? WhatsApp? Instagram? Scegli l'app migliore in assoluto! giocali tutti tutti What are communication disorders? Communication disorders can range from hearing impairment to stuttering, from problems with articulation to language or learning problems. - Children with autism have a broad range of communication disorders including poor social pragmatics. - Children who have difficulties developing written language may have trouble recognizing that speech is composed of individual sounds. This “auditory-language processing” difficulty should be assessed. - Adults who have had a stroke often need speech and language therapy. - Adults or children with head injury may need help with cognitive-linguistic problems to be able to resume work or school. - Adults with dementia who show difficulties with activities of daily living can benefit from training. - Someone with a voice disorder will be limited in daily communication. The voice problem may be more serious if the person is a professional voice user and depends on voice for a career. - A language disorder can be as simple as a slowness in the development of grammar and vocabulary. - Substituting a 'w' for an 'r' in certain words (like right, rabbit, etc.) is a kind of speech disorder. - Stuttering in children or adults may impact social development and quality of life. Therapy can help. - People with hearing disorders may perceive sound in a distorted manner, a muffled manner, or sometimes not at all. What is evidence-based practice? Evidence-based practice includes 3 elements: (1) best current evidence, (2) client/family values, and (3) clinical expertise (see http://www.asha.org/members/ebp/). The fields of audiology and speech-language pathology in general, and speech-language therapy in particular is based on scientific research. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) is actively developing a database of clinical practice guidelines based on sound experimental investigations. If you would like more information about communication disorders and sciences at SUNY Plattsburgh please contact: Raymond Domenico, Chair Office: Sibley Hall 226 Phone: (518) 564-3154 Communication Disorders and Sciences Sibley Hall 226 101 Broad Street Plattsburgh, NY 12901 (新山5日讯)巫统副主席拿督斯里莫哈末卡立诺丁指出,柔州土团党已分成数个派系,并指土团党将面临一场危机。 他昨日通过面子书发出文告指出,前州务大臣拿督奥斯曼无法履行对人民的承诺,同时在希盟政府的领导下,人民感到非常失望。 他说,柔州希盟主席丹斯里慕尤丁先前委任奥斯曼为新任的柔州土团党主席,然而后者事后在辞去大臣一职后,便引起各方的猜测(spekulasi)。 “因此,为了化解猜疑及谣言,慕尤丁之后宣布,将在不久的将来卸下柔州土团党主席一职,但让人吃惊的是,首相敦马哈迪却宣布土团党优景镇区州议员马兹兰为新任柔州土团党主席一职。” 他强调,敦马哈迪的行为,不仅无法平息内斗纷争及内部问题,反而令民众更加的怀疑,并狠狠地在慕尤丁的脸上给了一巴掌。 他说,马兹兰早前因不属于柔佛新州务大臣的阵营,在新的柔州行政议员名单中落马,因此从这些事件可看出,柔州土团党确实已被瓜分成不同的阵营。 “不要理会他们的解释及答案,民众可清楚看到,柔州土团党正面临一场无法掩饰的危机及分裂。” ⬇⬇ 相关新闻 ⬇⬇ سید مرتضی مصطفوی، متخصص تغذیه درباره «میزان مصرف شیر و ماست در سبد روزانه غذایی»، اظهار داشت: میتوانیم مصرف شیر و ماست را جایگزین یکدیگر کنیم؛مثلاً مصرف یک لیوان شیر دقیقاً مانند یک لیوان ماست است. وی ادامه داد: توصیه میکنیم لبنیات به صورت منظم مورد استفاده قرار گیرد؛ چرا که ما شاهد پوکی استخوان در خانمهای جوان نیز هستیم؛ در نتیجه باید ماست، شیر، دوغ، پنیر و کشک پاستوریزه استفاده شود. این متخصص تغذیه افزود: یک لیوان ماست به جای یک لیوان شیر، دو لیوان دوغ به جای یک لیوان شیر و سه چهارم یک لیوان کشک پاستوریزه را میتوان به جای مصرف یک لیوان شیر مورد استفاده قرار داد. صفوی در پاسخ به این پرسش که «آیا مصرف شیر به صورت ناشتا در ابتدای صبح یا مصرف آن در انتهای شب از نظر اصول تغذیه برای بدن مشکل ایجاد نمیکند؟»، گفت: خوردن شیر اگر با معده فرد سازگار باشد تفاوتی در زمان مصرف نمیکند و میتوان شیر را در صبح به صورت ناشتا یا شب نیز استفاده کرد. وی افزود: البته به افرادی که دچار کمخونی هستند توصیه میکنیم لبنیات و ماست را همراه غذا مصرف نکنند و حداقل نیم ساعت تا یک ساعت بعد از صرف غذا از لبنیات و ماست استفاده کنند؛چرا که برای آنها مضر است. این متخصص تغذیه اضافه کرد: مصرف ماست همراه با گوشت مشکلی ندارد؛ چرا که مصرف لبنیات با مواد غذایی دارای آهن «هِم» ایجاد مشکل نمیکند. “Ekonomik ciro” teriminin birkaç anlamı vardır. İstemsiz veya gönüllü iş kaybına, işçileri işe alma ve işten çıkarma maliyetlerine ve makroekonomik şokların etkilerine atıfta bulunabilir. Ekonomik ciro, iş piyasasının işletmeler üzerindeki etkisini anlamak için yararlı bir kavramdır. Bu eğilimlerin nedenlerini ve etkilerini ve bunları azaltmanın maliyet ve faydalarını anlamak önemlidir. Gönüllü iş değişikliği Gönüllü ciro, günümüz dünyasında giderek artıyor ve şirketler üzerinde olumlu veya olumsuz etkileri olabiliyor. İşverenler için faydalı olabilir, çünkü onlara daha iyi fırsatlar arayan kalifiye işçilere erişim sağlar. Ancak, değerli çalışanlarını kaybedebilecekleri için onlara da zarar verebilir. Bu, işverenlerin bilinçli stratejiler geliştirmesini ve en iyi performans gösterenleri elde tutmak için işgücü stratejilerinde gerekli değişiklikleri yapmalarını gerekli kılar. Gönüllü ciro, birçok şirketin karşılaştığı bir zorluktur, ancak farklı sektörlerde farklı şekillerde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışma İstatistikleri Bürosu’na göre, 2013 yılında Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde gönüllü ciro oranı yüzde 43 idi. Bununla birlikte, Alaska’daki oran yüzde 57,7 ile daha yüksekti – ulusal ortalamadan yaklaşık yüzde 15 daha yüksek. Diğer yüksek gönüllü ciro oranları arasında Wyoming, Oklahoma ve Louisiana vardı. İstem dışı iş kaybı Gönüllü işten ayrılma, çalışanların mevcut işverenlerinden daha iyileri için ayrılmalarına neden olan bir olgudur. Bu, işverenler için bir lütuf veya bir lanet olabilir. Birincisi, değerli çalışanların kaybına neden olabilirken, ikincisi üretkenliğin azalmasına neden olabilir. Bununla birlikte, gönüllü ciroyu artırmak, şirketlerin bilinçli stratejiler geliştirmesine ve en iyi performans gösterenleri elde tutmak için gerekli değişiklikleri yapmasına da yardımcı olabilir. Gönüllü işten ayrılma genellikle iki tür ile karakterize edilir: biri çalışan tarafından, diğeri ise işveren tarafından başlatılır. Gönüllü işten ayrılma, çalışanlar kuruluştan ayrılmayı seçtiğinde daha olasıdır; İstem dışı işten ayrılma, genellikle düşük performans veya çalışan sayısındaki azalma nedeniyle meydana gelir. İstem dışı işten ayrılma, işveren tarafından yapılan hataların bir sonucu da olabilir. İşçilerin işe alınması ve işten çıkarılmasıyla ilgili maliyetler İşçileri işe alma ve işten çıkarma maliyetleri, işletmeler için en önemli maliyetlerden biridir. Şirketlerin bordrolarının yaklaşık beşte birini bir çalışanın yerine harcadığı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu maliyet, yüksek ücretli bir çalışanı değiştirirken, düşük ücretli bir çalışanı değiştirirken olduğundan daha yüksektir. Çalışanları işe alma ve işten çıkarma maliyeti bir uzmandan diğerine değişmekle birlikte, genellikle birçok doğrudan ve dolaylı giderin yanı sıra yeni açılan pozisyonları doldurma maliyetlerini içerir. Yeni bir çalışanı işe almanın maliyeti ortalama 4,129 dolar ve bir pozisyonu doldurmak için ortalama süre 42 gündür. Yüksek devir oranları, bir işletmenin hedeflerine ulaşma yeteneğini olumsuz etkileyebilir. Ciro, müşterilerle olan ilişkileri de etkileyebilir, bu nedenle, öngörülemeyen durumlardan kaçınmak için devir hızının yeterince düşük olduğundan emin olmak önemlidir. Çalışanları işe alma ve işten çıkarma ile ilgili maliyetler yüksektir çünkü yedek bir çalışanın görevleri öğrenmesi ve iş arkadaşları ve müşterilerle ilişkiler kurması gerekir. Ayrıca, yeni işe alınanlar hemen üretken olmazsa, bir işçiyi değiştirmenin maliyeti bir işletme için felaket olabilir. Buna ek olarak, yüksek ciro, çalışanların moralinin düşmesine ve şirket kültürünün kaybolmasına neden olur. Ayrıca, mevcut personel, ciro ile ilişkili bir diğer önemli maliyet olan boş pozisyonu doldurmak için çok ince olabilir. Makroekonomik şokların etkileri Ekonomik şoklar genellikle tek bir sektörü etkiler, ancak bazen bu etkiler birkaç sektörde yoğunlaşır. Örneğin, bir fabrika veya ofis kapanırsa, etkilenen sektör şoka bire bir tepki vermeyecektir. Bu bir durgunluğa neden olabilir. Bu arada, etkilenen sektördeki malların bulunmaması, harcamaların diğer sektörlere kaymasına neden olabilir. Bu etkilerin göreceli gücü, bir ekonominin tam istihdama ulaşıp ulaşmadığını belirleyebilir. Bunu değerlendirmenin bir yolu, konuyu arz ve talep açısından incelemektir. Sosyal sigorta gibi talep yönlü politikalar, büyük üretim kayıpları yarattığı için eleştiriliyor. Bazıları, durgunluk eğrisini “düzleştirecek” makro politikalar önerdi. Politika yeniliklerinin etkisi Politika yeniliği genellikle iş ortamındaki değişikliklerle bağlantılıdır. Vergi politikaları söz konusu olduğunda, vergi kredileri genellikle bir şirketin daha fazla gelir elde etmesine ve rekabet gücünü artırmasına yardımcı olmak için kullanılır. Ancak bazı durumlarda, bu tür bir yenilik aynı zamanda bir devlet sübvansiyonu kaynağı olabilir. Örneğin, Ar-Ge Vergi Kredisi, firmaları yeni teknolojiler geliştirmeye ve işlerini daha yenilikçi hale getirmeye teşvik etmenin harika bir yoludur. Araştırmalar, geniş bir dizi yenilik politikasının makroekonomik sonuçlar üzerindeki etkilerinde kabaca eşdeğer olduğunu göstermiştir. Örneğin, toplu yenilik üzerinde benzer sonuçlara sahip iki politikanın üretkenlik, çıktı ve mali maliyetler üzerinde eşdeğer etkileri vardır. Ayrıca, her ikisi de yenilik politikalarına yapılan hükümet harcamalarında benzer değişikliklere neden olur. Bu bulgular, yenilik politikalarının daha basit ve daha şeffaf bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacına işaret etmektedir. November 15, 2015 How Teachers Change Lives: Inspiring Stories About Teachers Shared by Teachers When we are giving workshops at schools and conferences, we often hear inspiring stories from teachers and administrators about how they are changing lives, or how their own childhood teachers changed theirs. We decided to keep a running compilation of these stories to inspire you to keep doing what you are doing. Add this piece to your Bookmarks and when you have a particularly tough day, revisit it to remind yourself of the power you as an educator have to change lives! Please also share your own stories with us. Teachers Who Impacted Us In 3rd grade, Mrs. Hammet was a very tough teacher. She was old and strict but I loved her anyway. One day, the class was being particularly unruly. She was fed up and began to yell at the class. After about 5 long minutes of her tirade, she stood in front of me and said, “The only kid in the class who enjoys learning, who says, ‘Wow, that’s interesting’ is this kid right here.” I looked up and she was pointing right at me. It was that moment that I felt the power of validation. I did love learning and she recognized that in me. I continue to be awed by learning and actively pursue it to this day! – Stephanie The words that a teacher said to me that pushed me to change were, “Trust yourself.” I asked lots of questions in fear of failing. She learned what I needed and stopped answering my questions and told me to just do it. – Anonymous I became a teacher because as a child I was fascinated with the happiness and excitement my mother’s career brought her. I thought to myself that I too wanted a job that was so fulfilling. As a high school student, I would help her in her second grade classroom at the end of the day, and seeing her in action solidified my desire to pursue this dream. My favorite part of watching her was seeing and realizing the magic she possessed as she swept her seven-year-olds away into whatever piece of fiction she read aloud, changing her voice, pausing just perfectly, booming so effectively. They LOVED her! I am who I am because of her. So thankful too. – Anonymous How We’ve Impacted Our Students A boy entered 5th grade. He would never attend an assembly; for some reason they frightened him. He wanted to be in band, so he joined and participated in the concert. The principal said to him, “Look, J., you are part of the assembly.” Then he tried out for the 5th grade play. He came to rehearsal each day filled with enthusiasm. He could not wait to perform, and from that time on his fear of assemblies vanished. – Anonymous I said, “Get out on the ice, the team needs you to help win us the game.” That player thought he was the worst player on the team and by going on the ice that game made him feel important to the team. There were 15 seconds left in the game. We won! – 6th-8th grade history teacher Really being with a child’s wonder; listening, looking side by side or face to face. On the ground looking together. Saying, “Wow! That’s a great idea!” or “That’s amazing!” – Anonymous I had a classroom teacher tell me her student couldn’t come to TAG because he wasn’t listening in class. I explained that he was no problem in TAG. In fact he went from a frown to a happy, creative, intelligent child where he had the freedom to express himself. He was very focused on his project and research. He was enjoying his learning. – Meg In my first year of teaching, I had a new student come in in April. At the time, my class was learning multi-digit multiplication. This girl was very quiet and shy and wouldn’t participate in math class. One time, I pulled her after class and asked why. She said she
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30 to 75 over a ten year study and found that we felines may have special health sustaining qualities. If we assume that sharing your habitat with a Cat can bring about health benefits, the most logical reason could be that cats relieve stress and anxiety and thus reduce the risk of heart disease. Now here is where it gets even more interesting. Dr. Q’s next question is whether living with a cat directly reduces the risk of heart disease, or if people who live with cats have personality traits that protect against heart disease independent of sharing a habitat with a cat. Dog owners did not benefit from the protection from heart disease, even though dog folks get exercise walking their dogs and jumping up and down to let them in and out to do their business. It seems that the one thing we felines do that no dog can or will ever do is purr. Cats and Aquariums Both Reduce Stress and Anxiety So, if you are looking to add some tranquility into your life, you might consider sharing your life with a feline or two and adding an aquarium to your habitat. And next time your travels take you through Atlanta, make sure you stop in and relax at the Georgia Aquarium. You might need less pain medicine to get through your meetings. 没有一个地方像家一样! 是一家家庭农场Angevine! 欢迎你到家里温暖的心,到处都是美味的气味和一个愉快的假期购物内存! 我们的家人和朋友的Angevines 45年的25切割过的树。 我们很喜欢酒店的传统。 凯西和约翰Angevine和他们的家人感觉像我们家庭的一部分经过这些年。 树木(和南瓜)很棒! 感谢您多年的美好回忆! Per uno scrittore principiante, la pagina in bianco rappresenta uno sforzo unico. Il processo di scrittura è misterioso, e senza avere un argomento in mente riempire questo spazio vuoto è molto difficile. Ma con un po’ di preparazione e volontà di uscire fuori dalla tua zona di conforto, incontrare argomenti per riempire la pagina diventa semplice. Scrittura rapida Una scrittura rapida è un argomento al quale tu scrivi una risposta. La scrittura rapida in sé può essere una lunga scena o una singola parola o frase. L’idea è semplicemente darti un argomento. La scrittura rapida è lo scheletro sul (e nel) quale metti le tue viscere, il tuo sangue e la tua carne. La scrittura rapida offre un modo veloce e facile per cominciare una sessione di scrittura, e mentre può capitare che non usi molto di quello che hai scritto con il metodo della scrittura rapida, alcune delle cose che hai scritto possono tornare utili. Bigliettini Nel suo libro sulla scrittura “”Bird by bird”, Anne Lamott consiglia agli scrittori di usare dei bigliettini per annotare piccole osservazioni e pezzi di informazione che possano essere usati nelle loro sessioni di scrittura. Lei tiene i bigliettini nella sua stanza da letto, in bagno, nella sua macchina e nella sua tasca mentre porta il cane a spasso. L’idea è che tu sarai sempre pronto per catturare un’osservazione. Questi lampi di intuito veloci sono facilmente dimenticati, ma scrivendoli, li potrai ricordare meglio durante la tua sessione di scrittura e usarli per aiutarti nel processo. Scrittura autobiografia Basarti sulle tue proprie esperienze di vita per scrivere è un eccellente modo per continuare il processo della scrittura. I nomi dei personaggi, i luoghi e gli eventi che altrimenti avrebbero preso tempo per inventare posso essere presi direttamente dalla tua vita. Anche se questo è solo il punto iniziale e in un momento successivo cambi i nomi e i luoghi, il mero atto di cominciare il processo farà la tua scrittura proseguire. Mentre tu prendi i nomi, i luoghi e gli eventi dalla tua vita, sei in controllo di quello che condividi, e puoi piegare questi eventi per raggiungere i fini della tua produzione letteraria. Scrittura libera La scrittura libera è un processo di produzione forzata e sostenuta. Siediti per 15 minuti e cominci a scrivere. Qualsiasi cosa. L’unica cosa che devi tenere in mente è di non fermarti. L’idea dietro il processo è che stai insegnando a te stesso a produrre dei testi scritti come produci un discorso a voce – liberamente, senza pensarci prima. Anche se il risultato finale sarà terribile, ciò che probabilmente sarà, la scrittura libera è preziosa perché ti aiuta a riempire la pagina. Poi potrai comunque rivedere il tuo testo, ma prima scrivi qualcosa, altrimenti non arriverai da nessuna parte. This glossary of printing terms was created by people working in today's printing industry and is brought to you by the Corktown Printing Company. It has been revised and edited to help the casual print buyer understand printing terminology. We have rewritten some technical descriptions in every day language to help the non technical person. Any suggestions that you may have on how we can improve this glossary will be carefully considered. Please send your comments and any new definitions to email@example.com 4-colour-process: Printing that combines the four basic colours (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black) to create a full colour picture. Accordion fold: Bindery term - two or more parallel folds which open like an accordion. Against the grain: At right angles to direction of paper grain. Alteration: Change in copy or specifications after production has begun. Author's corrections: Also know as "AC's". Changes to copy after it has been typeset. Aqueous coating: Also known as "AQ" is a quick drying coating applied to a printed sheet as it exits the press - used to speed up production and add luster. Back up: Printing the second side of a sheet already printed on one side. Banding: Method of packaging printed pieces of paper using rubber or paper bands. Basis weight: Weight in pounds of a ream of paper cut to the basic size for its grade. Bind: To fasten sheets or signatures with wire, thread, glue, or by other means. Bindery: The finishing department of a print shop or firm specializing in finishing printed products. Blanket: The thick rubber mat on a printing press that transfers ink from the plate to paper. Bleed: Printing that goes to the edge of the sheet after trimming. Blind embossing: An image pressed into a sheet without ink or foil. Bond paper: Strong durable paper grade used for letterheads and business forms. Brightness: The brilliance or reflectance of paper. Bulk: Thickness of paper stock in thousandths of an inch or number of pages per inch. Bulk pack: Boxing printed product without wrapping or banding. Burn: Exposing a printing plate to high intensity light or placing an image on a printing plate by light. Butt: Joining images without overlapping. Butt fit: Printed colours that overlap one row of dots so they appear to butt. Carbonless: Often referred to as NCR, pressure sensitive writing paper that does not use carbon. Caliper: Paper thickness in thousandths of an inch. Case bind: A type of binding used in making hard cover books using glue. Cast coated: Coated paper with a high gloss reflective finish. Coated paper: A clay coated printing paper with a smooth finish. Collate: A finishing term for gathering paper in a precise order. Colour bar: A quality control term regarding the spots of ink colour on the tail of a sheet. Colour break: To separate mechanically or by software the artwork parts to be printed in different colours. Colour correction: Methods of improving colour separations. Colour matching system: A system of formulated ink colours used for communicating colour, Pantone Matching System (PMS) for example. Colour separations: The process of separating artwork, photographs, and type into the four primary printing colours (CMYK). Comb bind: To plastic comb bind by inserting the comb into punched holes. Continuous-tone copy: Illustrations or photographs containing gradient tones from black to white or light to dark. Contrast: The tonal change in colour from light to dark. Copy: All furnished material used in the production of a printed product. Cover stock: A heavy printing paper used to cover books, make presentation folders, etc. Crash number: Numbering paper by pressing an image on the first sheet which is transferred to all parts of the printed set. Crimping: Puncture marks holding business forms together. Crop: To cut off parts of a picture or image. Crop marks: Printed lines showing where to trim a printed sheet. Crossover: Printing across the gutter or from one page to the facing page of a publication. Cyan: One of four standard process colours. The blue colour. Densitometer: A quality control devise to measure the density of printing ink. Density: The degree of colour or darkness of an image or photograph. Die: Metal rule or imaged block used to cut or place an image on paper in the finishing process. Die cutting: Cutting shapes or images into or out of paper. Dot: An element of halftones. Using a loupe you will see that printed pictures are made of many dots. Dot gain or spread: A term used to explain the difference in size between the dot on plate vs paper. Draw-down: A sample of ink and paper used to evaluate ink colours. Drop-out: Portions of artwork that do not print. Dummy: A rough layout of a printed piece showing position and finished size. Duotone: A halftone picture made up of two printed colours. Emboss: Pressing an image into paper so that it will create a raised relief. Emulsion: Light sensitive coating found on printing plates and film. Eurobind: A patented method of binding perfect bound books so they will open and lay flatter. Flood: To cover a printed page with ink, varnish, or other coating. Flop: The reverse side of an image. Foil: A metallic or pigmented coating on plastic sheets or rolls used in foil stamping and foil embossing. Foil emboss: Foil stamping and embossing a image on paper with a die. Foil stamping: Using a die to place a metallic or pigmented image on paper. Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)TM: The Forest Stewardship Council is an international not for-profit, multi-stakeholder organization established in 1993 to promote responsible management of the world’s forests. French fold: Two folds at right angles to each other. Galley proof: Text copy before it is put into a mechanical or desktop layout. Gang: Getting the most out of a printing press by using the maximum sheet size to print multiple images or jobs on the same sheet. A way to save money. Generation: Stages of reproduction from original copy. A first generation reproduction yields the best quality. Ghost bars: A quality control method used to reduce ghosted image created by heat or chemical contamination. Ghosting: A faint printed image that appears on a printed sheet where it was not intended. Gloss: A shiny look reflecting light. Grain: The direction in which the paper fibers lie. Grippers: The metal fingers on a printing press that hold the paper as it passes through the press. Hairline: A very thin line or gap about the width of a hair or 1/100 inch. Halftone: Converting a continuous tone to dots for printing. Hard copy: The output of a computer printer or typed text sent for formatting. Hickey: Reoccurring unplanned spots that appear in the printed image caused from dust, lint, dried ink. High-bulk paper: A paper made thicker than its standard basis weight. Highlight: The lightest areas in a picture or halftone. Image area: Portion of paper on which ink can appear. Imposition: Positioning printed pages so they will fold in the proper order. Impression: Putting an image on paper. Imprint: Adding copy to a previously printed page. Indicia: Postal information placed on a printed product. Ink fountain: The reservoir on a printing press that holds the ink. Keylines: Lines on mechanical art that show position of photographs or illustrations. Kiss die cut: To cut the top layer of a pressure sensitive sheet and not the backing. Knock out: To mask out an image or type from a background. Laid finish: Simulating the surface of handmade paper. Laminate: To cover with film, to bond or glue one surface to another. Line copy: High contrast copy not requiring a halftone. Lines per inch: The number of rows of dots per inch in a halftone. Loupe: A magnifying glass used to review a printed image or plate and position film. Magenta: Process red, one of the basic colours in process colour. Makeready: All the activities required to prepare a press for printing. Matte finish: Dull paper or ink finish. Micrometer: Instrument used to measure the thickness of different papers. Middle tones: The tones in a photograph that are approximately half as dark as the shadow area. Moire: Occurs when screen angles are wrong causing odd patterns in photographs. Offsetting: Using an intermediate surface to transfer ink. Also, an unpleasant happening when the images of freshly printed sheets transfer images to each other. Offset paper: Term for uncoated book paper. Ok sheet: Final approved colour inking sheet before production begins. Opacity: The amount of show-through on a printed sheet. The more opacity or the thicker the paper the less show-through. Outline halftone: Removing the background of a picture or silhouetting an image in a picture. Overprint: Two or more layers of ink on top of each other. Overrun or overs: Copies printed in excess of the specified quantity. Page count: Total number of pages in a book including blanks. Pattern carbon: Special carbon paper used in business forms that only transfers in certain areas. Perfect bind: A type of binding that glues the edge of sheets to a cover like a telephone book. Perfecting press: A sheet fed printing press that prints both sides of a sheet in one pass. Pica: Unit of measure in typesetting. One pica = 1/6 inch. Picking: Printers nightmare that occurs when the surface of a sheet lifts off during printing. Generally a paper manufactures quality control problem. Plate gap: Gripper space. The area where the grippers hold the sheet as it passes through the press. PMS: The abbreviated name of the Pantone colour Matching System. Point: For paper, a unit of thickness equaling 1/1000 inch. For typesetting, a unit of height equaling 1/72 inch. PostScript: The computer language most recognized by printing devices. Press number: A method of numbering business forms or tickets. Pressure-sensitive paper: Paper material with self sticking adhesive covered by a backing sheet. Process blue: The blue or cyan colour in process printing. Process colours: Cyan (process blue), magenta (process red), yellow (process yellow), black (process black). Ragged left: Type that is justified to the right margin and the line lengths vary on the left. Ragged right: Type that is justified to the left margin and the line lengths vary on the right. Rainforest Alliance: The Rainforest Alliance is a non-governmental organization (NGO) working to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable livelihoods by transforming land-use practices, business practices and consumer behavior. Ream: Five hundred sheets of paper. Recto: Right-hand page of an open book. Register: To position print in the proper position in relation to the edge of the sheet and to other printing on the same sheet. Register marks: Cross-hair lines or marks on film, plates, and paper that guide strippers, platemakers, pressmen, and bindery personnel in processing a print order from start to finish. Reverse: The opposite of what you see. Printing the background of an image. For example; type your name on a piece of paper. The reverse of this would be a black piece of paper with a white name. RIP: A computer that creates the colour separations of the final
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furanocoumarins. Furanocoumarins cause severe photosensitivity in your cat’s skin. When your cat is exposed to sunlight after bishop’s weed poisoning, their skin can burn excessively. This will cause minor irritation in some animals up to severe ulceration. In some cases, these ulcers may become infected, causing additional complications. The sensitivity to light infects all of your cat’s external structures, including their eyes. When exposed to bright sunlight, cats suffering from Bishop’s weed poisoning may suffer permanent damage to their corneas, including potential blindness in severe cases. Diagnosis of Bishop's Weed Poisoning in Cats In cases of suspected poisoning, a rapid and accurate diagnosis is vital for the long-term health and recovery of your cat. Your vet will begin by thoroughly examining your cat including their mouth, paws and exposed belly since these areas are the most prone to contact and will show the immediate effects of poisoning. While it may be obvious that your cat has ingested a toxic substance, it may be difficult to identify the exact plant or chemical your cat has come in contact with. If you witnessed your cat eating a particular plant, you should carefully bag up a sample and bring it with you to your veterinarian’s office. This will help your vet determine the best course of treatment. Your vet may also collect a blood sample to send away for laboratory analysis. This will help rule out other conditions and may also confirm that the internal organs have not been damaged by the toxins. Treatment of Bishop's Weed Poisoning in Cats Treatment of bishop’s weed poisoning in your cat is similar to the treatment for poisoning of other types. First, your vet will work rapidly to eliminate any remaining material from your cat’s system. This is done by forcing your cat to vomit and retch. Your vet may administer a solution of water or other fluid with a small amount of hydrogen peroxide. It is important that pet owners not try this procedure at home without instructions from an experienced vet, as peroxide on its own can be dangerous to your cat. Next, your vet may administer a substance called activated charcoal. This is done by inserting a tube directly into your cat’s throat and using a needleless syringe to force the charcoal solution into the stomach. Activated charcoal will absorb a large number of toxic substances and then pass through your cat’s system undigested, helping prevent additional poison from getting into your cat’s system. After your cat is stabilized, your vet will also lavage, or rinse out, your cat’s mouth, eyes, and other affected areas. Your cat will need to stay under strict veterinary care until their vital signs are stable enough for them to return home. Recovery of Bishop's Weed Poisoning in Cats If quick treatment is sought, most cats recover well after bishop’s weed poisoning. Your cat will need to be kept indoors away from excessive light for a period of time until the poison has been metabolized and is eliminated from your cat’s system. Your cat will need a follow-up vet visit to check on their organ function and to ensure they are not suffering any additional side effects. With proper care, your cat should be able to make a full recovery. The Treaty of Paris, better known in the United States as the Kellogg-Briand Pact, which bans all wars from the face of the Earth, was finally signed today by 15 nations, including some of the most belligerent nations, such as the United States, England, France, Germany, Italy and Japan. But you, reader, must not get too excited this this, for this treaty was signed in Paris 79 years ago on August 27, 1928. I must confess that I myself never knew that war was in fact, illegal and banned until a few days ago when I read about it in David Swanson’s book, When the World Outlawed War (Charlottesville, VA, 2011), from which I take most of the content for this article. On August 27, 1928, the United States, France, Great Britain, Germany, Belgium, the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Commonwealth of New Zealand, the Union of South Africa, the Irish Free State, India, the King of Italy, Japan, Poland and the Czechoslovak were the initial signatories of the Treaty. They “solemnly declare” [d] in the name of the people they represented “to condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controversies.” (The Treaty was named after the then US Secretary of State Frank Kellogg, and the Minister of Foreign Affairs of France Aristide Briand). The Treaty of Paris is short and clear. It comprises a brief Preamble and only three (3) short Articles: Article One textually states: “The High Contracting Parties solemnly declare in the names of their respective peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controversies, and renounce it, as an instrument of national policy in their relations with one another.” (Emphasis mine). Article Two declares that.... The parties agree that the settlement or solution of all disputes... of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them, shall never be sought except by pacific means.” (Emphasis mine). Article Three is divided into 3 short paragraphs, in effect assigning Washington, to record and to inform other nations the names of nations that would in the future sign the treaty. It gave the United States no other specific task or responsibilities, and this was done upon direct request from the US delegation. From the United States’ part, on January 15, 1929, the US Senate voted 85 to 1 in favor of the Kellogg-Briand Pact. The outgoing US President Calvin Coolidge signed the Treaty into law; and on July 24, 1929 the newly elected President Herbert Hoover declared the treaty in force. As I write, August15, 2017, the US Department of State, according to Swanson, still lists the Treaty in force, and has over 70 countries as subscribed members. Despite all of this, lamentably for the human race, war still rages on as unabated as ever! The doleful questions that come to mind are many; but we should simply try to answer: 1) What happened to the Peace treaty that millions of people all over the world (especially in the US) fought so arduously to get passed? (2) Why it did not achieve what it had clearly spelled out to achieve? The Peace Movement after the end of WWI. David Swanson, in his above cited book, reports that during the twenties, the “people of the world,” after the great disillusionment of World War I, its costs in term of human lives and its total futility, tries to give a sense of that war. To this end, he quotes Thomas Hall Shasta’s book, Give the People Their Own War Power, (1927): “[O] n November 11, 1918, there ended the most unnecessary, the most financially exhausting, and the most terribly fatal of wars that the world has ever known. Twenty millions of men and women, in that war, were killed outright, or died later from wounds. The Spanish influenza, admittedly caused by the War and nothing else, killed, in various lands one hundred million persons more.” (P. 12) Peoples’ sentiments against future wars reached the offices of their representatives directly and so furiously that the leaders could hardly ignore them. The propaganda that had called young people to take up arms and to go to fight in a war that “will end all wars,” caused unprecedented millions of people from around the world to rise almost unanimously with their marches, protests, and petitions. And the protesters and petitioners were not just the common people: Several great foundations dedicated money and efforts against future wars: The World Peace Foundation and the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace gave their funds to the Peace Movements and made their voice heard loudly. Andrew Carnegie himself sought to ‘hasten the abolition of international war, the foulest blot upon our civilization.’ (p.17). Writers, newspapers editors, philosophers and intellectuals of all disciplines rose against future wars. Swanson reports that literally hundreds, if not thousands, of Peace Movements were activated, in the US alone; some of them were, just to name a few: The American Friends Service committee, the Association to Abolish War, the Intercollegiate Peace Association, the Catholic Association for International Peace, War Resisters International, the [Women’s] National Committee on the Cause and Cure of War, the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, Women’s Peace Society, Women’s Peace Union of the Western Hemisphere and many-many others. It seems that women were relentless in pressuring US Senators to ratify the Kellogg-Briand Pact (Paris Treaty of 1928). Most of the governments’ officials who signed the Treaty, and many other elected representatives, both in the US and France, originally had been opposed to idea of declaring war illegal. They were practically obliged to join in order to answer the tremendous vociferous demands made by their local constituencies. The French Prime Minister Aristide Briand himself had initially publicly addressed the American people publishing a letter through newspapers, bypassing American diplomatic channels, declaring that “France would be willing to subscribe publicly with the United States to any mutual engagement tending to outlaw war” (Emphasis mine). Prime Minister Briand, later, insisted that he had meant it to be only a bilateral peace pact between the US and France. Obviously, he had wanted to bring the US to France’s side against any future conflict it might have with the more belligerent Germany, and perhaps so that it, France, could still pursue her colonial conquest unabated. But France was not the only nation, who, while advocating peace, also tried to preserve its right to maintain open belligerent options for future possible colonial adventures. For example, the United States, the same week the US Senate voted for the treaty for peace 81 to 1, ironically, also appropriated, in response to President Coleridge’s request, the largest military expenditure ever to enlarge the US navy since World War I (P. 99); Germany would soon begin to build weapons of aggression secretly in violation of the Versailles Treaty of 1918. Japan invaded Manchuria (1931), Italy invaded Abyssinia (1933), and even the US was not standing by idly either; in addition to enlarging its navy, it also was already at war with Nicaragua (1926-1933). It landed forces in China (1932), It had a show of force in Cuba (1933), the US Marines landed in China (1934), without mentioning its acquisition of military bases abroad, and the selling of weapons to Britain and Russia. But it was known from the inception that the Kellogg-Briand Pact was weak and that it would soon be broken. Salmon Oliver Levinson, a lawyer by profession and the organizer of the Outlawry of War (that eventually became the spearhead of the people’s Peace Movements, which represented the aspiration of millions of people) had advocated that international disputes were to be settled in a court of law, and the institution of war to be rejected just as slavery and Prohibition laws had been. (P. 26). In addition, US Senator William Borah, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, on February 13, 1923, introduced a resolution in Congress that would call for the (1) outlawing of war, (2) the codification of international law, and (3) the creation of a world court (p. 50). But, as usual, the US Senate diluted the proposal rendering it perfectly innocuous, and easily open to interpretation that would allow war to persist. Some senators, in fact, did protest during the debates. Senator William Bruce from Maryland, for example said: [The Kellogg-Briand Pact was] “about as effective as to keep down war as a carpet would be to smother an earthquake.” He turned out to be prophetic. The Treaty, nonetheless, once watered down, was presented before the entire Senate for vote. Due to tremendous popular pressure, one Senator who voted “yes” for the Treaty, even made known his concern that he would be “burned in effigy back in his state,” had he not done so. (P.140). The Kellogg-Briand Pact was passed almost unanimously. Who is at fault that the international people’s will for “No More Wars” was willfully reduced to an innocuous and useless law? To be perfectly clear, it’s not a particular senate or government. They were all untrue and responsible for it. Unfortunately, the governments, not wanting to qualify them “warmongers,” still behave like a bunch of bullies. They continually disregard their people’s will. It is clear to me that in 1928, most of US Senators, as well as the other Heads of States, for “30 pieces of silver” misled and betrayed their own people shamelessly. If only war were a non-consequential play, and not the cause of utter destruction, and the most horrendous human tragedy! A critic has rightly said that governments were created to incur war, not peace. Unfortunately for us, even under the threat of thermo-nuclear warheads, this statement continues to be true. But how long, I do ask, will it take for the people of this world to finally say “enough is enough,” and find a way to deny war powers to their governments effectively, before they destroy us all in the most atrocious, humiliating and self- destructive holocaustic manner? English Bazar is the 221st most populous city in India with a total population of 2,05,521. English Bazar is a city in the Malda district of West Bengal and the highest employment in the district is in Agriculture, Textiles, Tobacco and other household industries. The district has 52% of the workforce employed in the Agricultural Sector, 35% in the Industrial Sector and the remaining 13% are Household workers. English Bazar is located on the western bank of the river Mahananda. The major field crops produced are Rice, Jute, Sugarcane, Blackgram, Mustard, Wheat. Apart from these, horticultural crops like Mango, Potato, Cabbage, Cauliflower etc. are also produced. English Bazar, or the "Mango City", is a city in Malda district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the district headquarters. It is the fifth largest city in West Bengal. Malda is a municipal corporation with two municipalities, English Bazar municipality and Old Malda municipality. English Bazar is the divisional headquarters of Malda Division in this state. In 2013, Malda became the first Indian city to have a womens court. In August 1947, this district was affected by the Partition of India. Between 12 and 15 August 1947, whether the district would become part of India or Pakistan was unknown, as the announcement of the Radcliffe Line did not make this point clear. During these few days the district was under a magistrate of East Pakistan; after the details of the Radcliffe award were published, the district became part of West Bengal on 17 August 1947. The son of an innkeeper, Leonard was born in Limoges. He went on to work as an enamel painter for the king’s court. He most likely began his career as an apprentice to the enamel painters, Nardon Penicauld and his brother or son Jean I. From 1533-41 he worked for the Bishop of Limoges. He went on to be employed by the Royal court in Fontainebleu for François I. His court employment continued under both Henri II and François II. Leonard’s workshop is known to have made more than 130 enamelled portraits. Many of which would have been intended to be displayed within highly decorated palace interiors. He was chiefly influenced by Italian mannerism as interpreted in France by the likes of Jean Goujon and Etienne Delaune. (2017-11-02 19:39:53) 不管对扬升含义的理解有多少种,在我看来扬升有两种最重要的品质或状态需要被达到。一种是真知状态,一种是真爱状态。 真知不是对知识的了解状态,而是知的状态。如果是来自
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centrocampista della Sampdoria, è entrato nel mirino del Napoli. Ecco i motivi per cui i blucerchiati dovrebbero rifiutare Dopo un’ottima stagione, che lo ha consacrato come uno dei migliori giocatori della Sampdoria per rendimento, Morten Thorsby ha attirato su di sé le attenzioni importanti di Napoli e Atalanta. Per il tipo di giocatore e per il “lavoro sporco” che il norvegese fa, sarebbe difficile trovare un sostituto nella prossima sessione di calciomercato. Non sarà elegante, ma è sicuramente efficace. Inoltre, nella rosa blucerchiata, Thorsby primeggia nelle seguenti statistiche: gol di testa segnati, contrasti vinti, duelli aerei vinti, tackle, e km percorsi. 米内罗美洲目前取得11胜11平10负,战蹟非常平均,实力中规中矩,排名第9名,球队场均进1.6球攻击力还可以,球队胜球能力可以,游戏数据也是可以,米内罗美洲主场表现不错,目前的16个联赛主场取得了7胜5平4负的战绩,米内罗美洲上一轮在主场3-1拿下了格雷米奥,近5轮拿下了4场,整体状态回升明显,目前球队暂列第九的位置,手握一个南球杯资格,但他们距离前六仅仅只有5分的差距,甚至还有机会冲自由杯的资格,因此得分意向方面应也不会太低。 戈亚尼亚竞技目前在巴甲联赛积分榜上取得了9胜11平11负,积38分排名联赛第14名目前与降级区只有2分的差距,有一定的保级压力,戈亚尼亚竞技上场在主场0-0战平桑托斯,虽然结束了自己三连败的走势,但是连续4轮不胜,状态依旧不足,且最近4场比赛都被对手零封,而球队本赛季联赛一共只打入24球,攻击力排在倒数第三,进攻端表现糟糕,戈亚尼亚竞技近期已经连续4场比赛不胜,只取得1平3负的成绩,客场更是表现极差,已经连续5场客场比赛不胜,近期在客场遭遇4连败,而且还都是被零封。 A get-up-and-move language arts review that 2nd graders love! Review the important ELA concepts of 2nd grade in this engaging, around the room cumulative review activity. - 30 common core aligned math questions (includes both color AND black and white versions) to post around the room - Each question is labeled with its core standard - Student record sheet - Answer key for student record sheet - 60 slide Powerpoint for reviewing the questions and answers - Independent practice skill sheet or quiz - Answer key for skill sheet/quiz Post the questions around the room. Each student has a record sheet and wanders the room answering questions. Once everyone is finished, gather up the questions and go through them one at a time as a class. Either hold up the questions or use the review powerpoint to go over the questions together. This activity gives you priceless feedback about which areas of the core need revisiting before the big TEST! Need to review math skills too? 2nd Grade Math Review also available! You may also be interested in: - End of Year Theme Days - 2nd Grade Morning Work - 2nd Grade Homework - 2nd Grade Fluency Homework - 2nd Grade Fluency in a Flash - 2nd Grade Morning Messages این بازیکن برزیلی راست پا و عقب گیر سابقه بازی در تیم های زاراگوزا و گران کاناریا اسپانیا را دارد و امسال با تیم پاسو فوندو توانست به مقام قهرمانی یکی از لیگ های برزیل دست یابد. بازیکن جدید مس سونگون ورزقان ۱۸۶ سانتی متر قد و ۷۳ کیلوگرم وزن دارد . مس سونگون در سال ۱۳۹۶ هم رودریگو کانابارو بازیکن برزیلی الاصل تیم ساپونه ایتالیا را با عقد قراردادی یک ساله به خدمت گرفت. The Eastside faces many challenges in attracting reinvestment and development. Our area has a long history of industrial and port-related uses, lying within a portion of Jacksonville that was originally developed in the 1800s. It was originally comprised of two historical communities: Fairfield and Oakland. These communities were developed during the immediate post-civil war period and consisted of approximately 225 acres. In the 1850s prominent sawmills were constructed along the St. Johns River and employed large portions of the communities. In 1887 Jacksonville annexed Fairfield, Oakland, and other surrounding towns. | (Source:Jacksonville Integrated Planning Project The Jacksonville Port Authority’s Talleyrand facility was the first marine terminal established on the St. Johns River, providing access for importing and exporting raw materials and finished goods. Several railroad lines running through the area provide for freight movement to and from the area. As a result of this marine activity, numerous businesses and industries have operated near the marine terminal over the past century. The residential areas west of the port area were developed to meet the housing needs of the industry and marine terminal workers. Many of these single-family homes are adjacent to industrial properties and in need of repair. Overall, our community could be characterized as economically disadvantaged, with higher than normal unemployment rates and low family income. Jacksonville’s Eastside is 95% predominately African-American over the ten year period 1980 through 1990 and up to 47% of our residents live below the federally defined poverty level. An important indicator of poverty is the percentage of female-headed households. The Eastside has a disproportionately large percentage of female-headed households compared with Duval County: 50% to 20%. Additionally, our unemployment rate is more than twice the County’s rate while the median income is less than half. Demographics of Jacksonville’s Eastside area do not fully show the impacts these dilapidated and contaminated properties have on our surrounding citizens and community. Some of the jobs lost when the industrial operations such as the pulp and paper mill, fertilizer plant, and warehouse shut down were held by people outside of our community. Therefore, while the unemployment demographic has not plunged as dramatically as one would anticipate, Eastside businesses have experienced a decline in revenue because these people who once came from outside the area to work at the local mills and spent money in the area while they were here, now no longer do. This has resulted in the area’s tax base taking a drastic loss in revenue. Our Eastside community needs jobs, clean neighborhoods, clean business sites, and a trained and healthy population to attract business back to the area. Volkswagen 'ın Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki üst düzey yöneticilerinden Oliver Schmidt dizel skandalı kapsamında yargılandığı davada 7 yıl hapis 400 bin dolar da para cezasına cezasına çarptırıldı. Mahkeme sözcüsü, Schmidt'in suçlu olduğunu itiraf ettiği için daha düşük bir cezaya çarptırıldığını bildirdi. Schmidt Subat 2012'den Mart 2015'e kadar Alman otomotiv devi VW'nin Michigan kentindeki Çevre Sertifikasyon Bölümü'nün başkanlığını yürütüyordu ve ABD'nin çevre kurumları ile temastan sorumluydu. Ancak 48 yasındaki yönetici ağustos ayında ABD kurumlarını aldattığını ve hava temizliği konusundaki yasaları ihlal ettiğini kabul etmişti. به گزارش سایت خبری ساعد نیوز به نقل از باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان، فاطمه کاهی سخنگوی شرکت ملی پخش فرآورده های نفتی کشور با اشاره به آخرین جزئیات طرح سهمیه بندی بنزین سرانه خانوار گفت: در حال حاضر این موضوع به ما ابلاغ نشده است و باید نخست در هیات دولت بررسی و سپس به ما ابلاغ شود. او ادامه داد: تا به امروز هیچگونه مصوبه ای مبنی بر طرح سهمیه بندی بنزین سرانه خانوار تصویب نشده است. سخنگوی شرکت ملی پخش فرآورده های نفتی کشور اضافه کرد: تمامی واریز های بنزین یا مصوبات جدید و نهایی با دستور وزارت کشور انجام می شود و اگر این موضوع ابلاغ شود ما ملزم به اجرای آن در شرکت پخش فرآورده های نفتی هستیم. گفتنی است؛ روز گذشته احمد امیرآبادی فراهانی، عضو هیات رئیسه مجلس در خصوص جزئیات طرح سهمیه بندی بنزین سرانه خانوار گفت: براساس طرح سهمیه بندی بنزین سرانه خانوار ماهانه به هر فرد ۳۰ لیتر بنزین سهمیه ای پرداخت خواهد شد که به کارت سرپرست خانوار واریز می شود، و سرپرست فرصت دارد تا پایان ماه آن را مصرف کند و اگر مقداری از آن باقی ماند زمانی که دولت می خواهد کارت سرپرست را مجدد شارژ کند، موظف است کل باقی مانده آن را براساس قیمت ۹۰ درصد فوب خلیج فارس خریداری و به حساب سرپرست واریز کند که زیرساخت های این طرح توسط شرکت پخش و پالایش فرآورده های نفتی آماده شده است.. او ادامه داد: در این طرح قیمت سی.ان.جی و گازوئیل گران نخواهد شد. تاکید داریم که سرانه مورد نیاز حمل و نقل عمومی گران نشده و سهمیه بنزین هم به تاکسی ها تعلق گیرد. این نماینده مجلس بیان کرد: اگر نفت گران شود و قیمت فوب افزایش پیدا کند کسی که مصرف بنزین کمتری دارد پول بیشتری دریافت خواهد کرد. ما بنزین به کسی نمی دهیم بلکه یارانه بنزین می دهیم. Artificial Intelligence — A Synthetic Thought Process I was 10 years old when I knew technology would play a massive role in my life. In large part because of the concept of a machine that could think and act for itself. A machine that could integrate the method in which humans learn with the speed at which computers can process information. A very lucrative combination. Humans learn slowly, but we do not require much information to derive new data and form new opinions or thoughts. Today’s most advanced computers are still incapable of matching the human brain in this area. The most notable advancement in recent years to approaching the Brain’s ability to process information is the TrueNorth Processor, developed by IBM and dubbed the “Brain Imitating Chip”, this groundbreaking advancement in miniaturized high-speed processing boasts an astounding 4,096 cores and 5.4 Billion transistors, simulating the processing speed of a brain with a Million neurons and over 256 Million synapses while drawing a mere 70 Milliwatts of energy to perform the 46 Billion “synaptic operations” it can handle PER SECOND. However incredible this may seem given our “modern understanding” of microtechnology, it doesn’t even scratch the surface of the power wielded by the Human Brain. The Human Brain, with 125 Trillion synapses and 100 Billion neurons is perhaps the most valuable and intricate organization of atoms found on planet Earth. When you consider how humans think versus how computers “think”, we can program computers with a rudimentary level of “thought”. Any computer can be trained to recognize objects, sounds, images, and/or virtually anything with enough training data. Just as any human can be trained to learn anything by the right teacher. For example, children 100 years ago were learning vastly different theories and predictions of the universe than children now. My point in this example being, the human brain, much like a modern computer, begins as a blank canvas and is colored by the experience of learning. What is our thought process but a stream of visualizations? Visualizations that are only possible through language. Language is the foundation for all human thought. We are not born with any preconceived notions of anything, that includes how to communicate or think. It isn’t until we learn that our world is composed of countless objects and concepts, each with a name and a description, that we can understand. The same can be said for computers. Simply put, computers are the blank slate, only with two major differences. One, a computer does not learn as efficiently as a human brain. Two, a computer has a finite amount of storage in which to collect new data. The Human Brain dynamically allocates memory to where it is needed. Old memories become less vivid as our new memories begin to take their place until no more memories are recorded. Imagine a computer powerful enough to process the object or concept, and description, of everything that exists (that we know of). A computer that’s only purpose is to learn what it does not already know based on what it does know. In theory, a computer can be “trained” on more and more objects/concepts/theories until it has a rudimentary understanding of some of the key components of its training data. Imagine this computer being tasked to learn how to learn better. How many improvements could this computer make to itself before we lost track of its adaptations and it evolved beyond our understanding of computer software? Linked to the internet, this computer could grow and expand its awareness of everything in seconds. Eventually, digesting the cumulative knowledge of Humanity, this computer could essentially re-program itself in an effort to correct human flaws and perhaps even improve itself beyond human capabilities. This is commonly known as The Singularity. When a computer becomes advanced enough that it no longer requires the maintenance of humans and therefore is self-sustaining to impact the world however IT sees fit. Computers such as the one I just described do not exist as of today. Whether that’s a good thing or a bad thing is an entirely separate debate. While the existence of these incredible machines has yet to come to fruition, their introduction looms and promises drastic change, some of which will be beyond our imagination or understanding. However, such power and capacity for knowledge and growth do not come without a cost. We are approaching a threshold at which modern technology will hit a wall. Since the conception of the computer, mankind has been working furiously to improve the computers developed and used by their predecessors. Perhaps the most notable enhancement has been the size of our computers and computer components. Where once a primitive computer by our standards today took up an entire room and was considered brilliant, we now wear smart wristwatches with 320,000 times the processing power of the computers that brought humans to the Moon. Furthermore, based on our current understanding of physics and the laws of nature, objects can only become so small before the building blocks (atoms) making up the object breakdown. Our progress in the field of technology stems from our ability to make our technology smaller, then add more of what makes it great until you find a nice, profitable, ratio. That is until around the 1980s when Paul Benioff proposed what would become the focus of the early 21st century. Quantum Mechanics. Also known as Quantum Theory or Quantum Physics, this branch of science studies the nature of atomic, and subatomic particles in relation to the universe. Combine this with the field of technology and more specifically computing, and you are left with Quantum Computing. The concept of stabilizing trapped ions above a supercapacitor to increase the productivity of computer processing power exponentially. With a standard “stand-alone” computer, transactions between two units take time. Signals have to travel distance before reaching the other unit and so forth. This only really becomes an issue when the distance or interference between two units becomes to great, then the signals are, from our perspective, delayed or lost. An example of this could be space travel. We don’t see much delay here on Earth because of our immense network of satellites and communication towers, but as you pass the moon, communication begins to be affected by the sheer distance the signal has to travel, and then back again with the reply. Quantum Computers offers an astonishing breakthrough in this respect. In our studies of Q-Bits (Quantum Bits) we have discovered when these Q-Bits are in a state of superposition, meaning the bits are not conclusively a 1 or a 0 they are still in the process of determining what they will be, they are capable of an exponential number of calculations. Our current issue is retaining the Q-Bits in this superimposed state. Decoherence is the problem. While the Q-Bits are superimposed they are a combination of things made of energy rather than classical matter, like a photon or an ion. While the energy particle is in
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拉菲特”级依然存在于法航母编队之中。考虑现阶段国产舰用燃气轮机在产量上暂时还不能满足海军需要,首先要保证的国产大型远洋驱逐舰的需要。同时中国海军的技术保障部门由于长期维护这样的动力装置,有着丰富的经验和齐全的技术手段。因此,采用技术先进而成熟的大功率中高速柴油机作中型舰的主动力装置,是现阶段最适当的工程方案。 国产化的GT25000燃气轮机,单机功率26MW。国产舰用燃气轮机在产量上暂时还不能满足海军需要,有限的燃气轮机先要供给大型驱逐舰使用。 日海自早在“朝雾”级通用驱逐舰上就全面推行全燃联合推进动力方式(COGAG),当时是参照美DD-963级的模式,而考虑到其满排不过4200吨,几乎只有后者的一半,所以选择了传统供应商R.R的四台“斯贝”SMIA燃气轮机,其总功率为39100KW。很好地解决高速追击核潜艇与低航速拖曳线列阵声纳搜潜时所需安静环境间的矛盾。而其后新建“村雨”级时,由于满排上升到5100吨,需要更大的功率才能保证航速达到30节。于是将其中两台主机换成了功率更大的LM2500,以期在排水量增大的情况下继续保持原有的特性。而“高波”级基本上“拷贝”这样的模式:4台主机分别装在2个动力舱内并采用前后左右舷的总体布置。第1机舱布置于前方左舷,内置1、2号发动机,驱动左推进轴。第2机舱布置于后方右舷,内置3、4号发动机,驱动右推进轴。1、4号机为GE生产的LM2500;2、3号机为R.R生产的SM1C。这种布置的好处有:一是提高了的抗损能力,二是由于SM1C作为巡航机,其耗油量和噪声较LM2500低一些,航行安静性与续航力较“朝雾”更佳,三是并车时总功率达44400KW以保证最大航速在30节,满足追击潜水艇之需。 与“高波”级一样,054A型在总体布局和动力装置选时,就非常注重为低航速拖曳线列阵声纳搜潜时提纲所需安静环境,且由此展开相应的研制工作,经过种种努力基本上达到了目的。而球艏主动中频声纳和拖曳式线列阵拖曳声纳的共同装备与使用,能很地的搜索并锁定核潜艇和安静性柴电潜艇。同时,引进的KA-28反潜直升机拥有整套比较完善的反潜探测设备,在机头下方装备小型对海搜索雷达,除了能探测海面目标外,还可探测到处于通气管状态下的潜艇。机体下方设有专用的军械舱,设有VGS-3型主动低频吊放式声纳,在机身后部还准备有磁探测仪。 另外,早在054基本型上,中国海军就首次在护卫舰上拥有了完备的、系统化的反潜装备,从某种意义上讲,已基本上达到或接近了与“高波“级相提并论的水平,到054A更是实现了热垂发方式的火箭助飞鱼雷,具备了成为专业反潜舰的潜力。它与卡28反潜直升机(可携带前苏专门对付美制核潜艇的АПР-ЗЭ航空反潜鱼雷)、鱼7型324毫米轻型反潜鱼雷、3200型6管火箭深弹发射器共同构成了远中近三道反潜火力打击网,其密度和强度足以对付现阶段存在于我周边海域敌对势力柴电潜艇所需。而类似SLQ-25的鱼雷诱铒与3200型火箭深弹发射器还能提供软硬两方面的反雷手段,提高了生存能力。 再看“高波”级,其舰首球鼻声呐准备有全新的OQS-5-1低频主/被动声呐。拖曳声呐则是日本自研的OQR-2低频拖曳声呐。值得一提的是,上述电子设备基本上都是日本的国产装备。有意思的是,与中国海军一样、日海自对国产装备的保密程度有非常高,所以至今“高波”级声纳设备的具体性能都不很清楚。但考虑其源自美相关技术且推行反潜第一的习惯,不低于DD-963同类设备性能是可以预见的。在反潜武器方面,MK46-5/97式反潜鱼雷、16枚由MK-41型VLS所携带的阿斯洛克火箭助飞鱼雷与最新型的SH-60K反潜直升机构成了最严密的攻潜手段,这样的反潜火力体系本来就是为对付前苏庞大的核潜艇群而精心构造的,并结合冷战后近海反潜的需要作了许多相关的调整设计,再考虑其动力装置在反核潜艇时能很好地提供所需的高航速和机动性,因此,“高波”级在反潜能力上较054A要高一些。但由于前已阐述过054A现阶段所面对的对手不同,并且已能从体系上达到抗衡的水平,这些差距是可以接受的,未来也是可以期待其后续改进型号能迎头赶上的。 054A在防空方面较之以前的护卫舰而言,首先是拥有了中程防空导弹系统和近程反导系统,其性能高于有同样作战使命,排水量却更大的052B型导弹驱逐舰。舰上拥有完备的雷达探测/跟踪/制导系统,包括基于俄罗斯MR-710最新发展型AM-5而作出重大国产化改进工作的某型“海鹰”三坐标对空搜索与跟踪雷达。其工作频段为E/H,为了获得不同的扫描空间及求得更快刷新率。采用缝隙天线且背靠背倾斜安装方式,扫瞄率比单面雷达提高了一倍。除具有对空、对海目标侦测的能力外,还有空中管制和低空补盲的功能。其主要特点是抗电子干扰能力强、自动化程度高、性价比佳、稳定可靠。同时,在烟桅合一装置的顶端还装备有SR-64/362低空补忙与快反雷达。在与某型“海鹰”雷达相互配合工作的同时,还能为730近防炮提供目标指示。另外,主桅正前方中段还拥有IR-17型前视红外警戒装置,能在雷达系统遭遇强电子干扰或由故障原因无法正常工作时,承担起对海空对海目标搜索任务,其所获得的相关数据可提供给730系统和舰上主炮的光电头,以使上述两者及电子战系统启动作战程序。 054A采用了国产化的“海鹰”三坐标对空搜索与跟踪雷达,采用缝隙天线且背靠背倾斜安装方式,扫瞄率比单面雷达提高了一倍。 054A上的32单元垂发装置,054A的海红旗16型防空导弹系统采用的是热发射。 反观“高波” 级,其OPS-24B单面有源相控阵雷达,可完成远程对空警戒及探测,对作战飞机进行引导;进行中距离目标的搜索及指示,对导弹实施控制和中段制导,对超低空目标进行扫描及跟踪等。其对空探测距离可达到210千米,对低空目标探测距离在40千米以上,可同时跟踪150个海空目标。舰桥和机库上装备的是FCS-2-3/B火控雷达,主要用于“海麻雀”舰空导弹的中段制导,也可作为奥托127毫米主炮的炮瞄雷达使用。另外,“高波” 级的VLS已改为MK-41型,虽然载弹仍然是老式的RIM-7M海麻雀舰空导弹,但为将来顺利改装ESSM打开了方便之门。但现阶段综合性能不及054A的海红旗16。 同时,双方在近防系统无明显差距,只是“高波”级的“密集阵”Block 1B安装的位置更合理一点。另外,与防空作战能力修戚相关的电子侦察/支援和电子对抗(包括有源和无源)方面,双方的装备性能较为接近且体系完备。总体而言,054A在中程防空导弹的射程及火力通道上略强一点,再考虑到双方同样基于的热垂发技术防空导弹的数量,054A在防空能力上强于“高波” 级。当然这也和中国海军未来大洋作战将面临着的最为严酷的空情压力有关,而后者的升级潜力亦不可小视。 054A装备的Mineral雷达系统,由E1、ME2主/被动雷达与2个ME3球状数据链组合而成,后者安装于烟囱二侧支架上。工作于I/G/E/F/D波段的该雷达系统具有360度全方位探测能力,能在450公里内同时跟踪50个以下的目标;并具备同时进行不大于200个目标的数据处理能力。而“高波”级所在的“九十”舰队,本来就不特别注重反舰能力的发展,战时若遭遇强大对手,可依靠美海军的支援。考虑到双方装备的鹰击83和SSM-1B反舰导弹在性能与数量上基本相同,因此054A的反舰能力更强。 总体来说,054A是在法国的“拉菲特”级舰体设计基础上、综合各个方面因素后研制出的折中产物。虽然拥有较强的防空及反舰能力,但在动力系统、通用热垂发装置等核心技术及排水量方面与日美等传统海军强国还存在不小差距。当然从长远看,近年来加速发展的054A后继舰可能会在大/中型燃机及电传动技术、通用热垂发装置、小型单(双)阵有源雷达等核心技术上继续取得突破。 下面是054A型反潜护卫舰与世界主要通用驱护舰的性能对比: 赞 Non date per scontato che i conigli randagi siano anche orfani. Le madri in genere non trascorrono molto tempo con i loro piccoli e vanno in giro tutto il giorno. I coniglietti vengono allattati per soli 5 minuti. Migliaia di specie di funghi esistenti; andare a cercarli per mangiare è un esercizio di precisione. Molti funghi commestibili selvatici hanno un sapore diverso, non facilmente replicabili in coltivazione. I biologi stanno lavorando per conservare l'habitat naturale del silvilago. Alcuni credono che il silvilago occupi la vegetazione del sottobosco delle aree boschive e sia pertanto minacciato a causa della frammentazione di queste aree. I conigli appartenenti alla famiglia dei Silvilaghi sono pronti ad accoppiarsi una volta che hanno raggiunto i 3 mesi di età e non si dedicano all'accoppiamento per più di tre o quattro volte l'anno, tra i mesi di marzo e...... I conigli appartenenti alla specie dei Silvilaghi sono più attivi la mattina presto e la sera tarda. Si nutrono principalmente di erbe. Tuttavia, durante l'inverno, mangeranno anche ramoscelli, corteccie, arbusti, germogli e alberi giovani. Anche se si adattano a molti habitat, i conigli selvatici silvilago preferiscono vivere in aree aperte con vegetazione arbustiva. Sono reperibili in pascoli, campi coltivati e aree boschive con una superficie aperta. I conigli selvatici, noti anche come silvilaghi, esistono e sono diffusi nella gran parte della zona continentale degli Stati Uniti, del Canada e del Sud America. Il tartufo in gergo tecnico è detto “tuber” ed appartiene alla famiglia delle “Tuberaceae”. Si tratta di un frutto ipogeo, che cresce in prossimità delle radici di querce, lecci, e di altre specie arboree. L'articolo prosegue subito dopo I topi selvatici sono stati responsabili della morte di migliaia di esseri umani a causa della peste bubbonica europea del 17 ° secolo. I gatti sono animali dalla doppia natura: da una parte sono creature adorabili ed amorevoli, dall'altra sono dei perfetti predatori. AÇIKLAMA John Carter: İki Dünya Arasında Filminde; Eski bir askeri gemi kaptanı olan J. Carter cesur bir savaşçıydı. Bir savaş sonrasında yorgunluktan uyuya kalan J. Carter gözlerini açtığında kendisini Mars'ta bulur. Bir süre etrafı gezdikten sonra burada iki farklı ırkın olduğunu fark eden John, burada kendi ırkının prensesi olan Dejah Thoris ile tanışır. Burada kendi ırkının uzaylılar ile savaş halinde olduğunu gören John, kendi ırkı için büyük bir savaşın içerisine girer. 2012 yılının En iyi bilim kurgu filmleri arasında gösterilen John Carter: İki Dünya Arasında filmi izleyenler tarafından büyük beğeni topladı. BİLGİLER My plant is dying, what can I do? You will never drown a plant within the first week after you’ve planted it. However, the vast majority of plants that die within the first year of planting have been victims to over-watering (especially when lawn irrigation is involved). If the soil feels overly wet, rake back the mulch and aerate the soil to promote drying. Once the soil has become dry, incorporate a watering program, which will allow the soil to dry out between watering. If moisture is not the problem and bare root plants are involved, heavier pruning is warranted to help stimulate some new growth and hopefully remedy the situation. If the plants are balled & burlapped, or grown in a container or grow bag, they should be shaped or thinned out to help alleviate the shock of transplanting which they experience within the first month or two of planting. A soluble mix of miracle-grow for most deciduous plants or a mir-acid solution for evergreens and acid-lovers often gives great results when used as a watering supplement. Planting depth may also be a concern if balled & burlapped trees were originally planted too deep. This may stunt overall growth, induce collar rot and promote the attack of fungi and insects below the soil line. You will benefit by relocating any plants if their health is being jeopardized from downspouts, sump pumps or from dryer, furnace or fireplace vents. Protect plants during the winter months to prevent injury from deer, rabbits and mice who may easily damage plants from feeding or girdling them at their base. If your plants are injured or in a weakened condition they are more prone to being attacked by insects or disease and should be monitored and treated accordingly. If it has been a cool, wet spring and your maples or any remaining ash have splotchy leaves and experience premature leaf drop, it is most likely caused by a fungal form of anthracnose. DON’T PANIC! Your trees should re-bud and treatment is usually unwarranted (other than removing and discarding any fallen leaves). Powdery mildew associated with certain lilacs is only cosmetic and will not harm the plants themselves (again discard fallen leaves). If other ornamental plants are affected by a fungal disease they may warrant treatment, however, you can greatly reduce fungal spread by watering only at the base of your plants (avoid any overhead watering of existing foliage). There are a multitude of insect and disease or cultural problems that can affect plant material and being able to properly diagnose the problem is the first step toward any remedy. Many plants may be adversely affected if you use salt on your driveway and sidewalks, however, those consequences can be just as detrimental as if you’ve recently sprayed your weeds with herbicide on a breezy day. Contact Story Landscaping today! Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası Türkiye'deki tıp ve sağlık çalışanlarının eğitimi ile ilgilenen Tıp Eğitimini Geliştirme Derneği'nin resmi dergisidir. Derginin resmi olarak sahipliğini dernek adına derneğin başkanı temsil eder. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası, tıp eğitimi alanı ile ilgili; kesitsel, retrospektif, prospektif veya deneysel araştırmalar, derlemeler, eğitim programı tanıtımları, editöryal yorum/tartışmalar, editöre mektuplar, bilimsel mektuplar, kitap değerlendirmelerini yayımlayan bilimsel bir dergidir. The Taylor-Burton diamond is considered to be one of the most impressive diamonds. This pear-shaped diamond started as a rough stone weighing a whopping 241 carats. Throughout its
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Sumerians believed that crops grew because of a male god mating with his goddess wife. They saw the hot and dry months of summer, when their meadows and fields turned brown, as a time of death of these gods. When their fields bloomed again in the autumn, they believed their gods were resurrected. They marked this as the beginning of their year, which they celebrated at their temples with music and singing. The Sumerians could dig into the earth and within a few feet find water. They believed that the earth was a great disk floating on the sea. They called the sea Nammu, and they believed that Nammu was without a beginning in time. They believed that Nammu had created the fish they saw and the birds, wild pigs and other creatures that appeared on the marshy wet lands, a story of creation around two millennia before the Hebrews would put their own story of the creation into writing16. Sumerians: The Children of Enki17 The Sumerians believed that Nammu had created heaven and earth, heaven splitting from earth as being the male god, An, and the earth being a goddess called Ki. They believed that Ki and An had produced a son called Enlil, who was atmosphere, wind and storm. The Sumerians believed that Enlil separated the day from night and that he had opened an invisible shell and let waters fall from the sky. They believed that with his mother, Ki, Enlil set the stage for the creation of plants, humans and other creatures, that he made seeds grow, that he shaped humanity from clay and imbued it, as it states in Genesis 2:7, with "the breath of life.18" The Sumerians believed that humanity had been created to serve the gods, and they served their gods with sacrificial offerings and supplications. They believed that the gods controlled the past and the future, that whatever skills they possessed, including writing, their gods had revealed to them, and they believed that their gods provided them with all they needed to know. In accordance with this, some have suggested that they had no vision of their civilization as having developed by their own efforts against worldly conditions. They had no vision of technological or social progress, and they saw no need of knowledge to aspire to beyond what they already knew19. Nevertheless, Sumerian priests altered the stories that they told. They let human invention intrude into their religious life and created a new twist to old tales, serving that which would be common with religious belief for millennia to come: change. But, consistent with their tradition, they failed to acknowledge this as a human induced change of any sort. They gave no thought to a change in their story meaning that they had failed to get it right the first time. New ideas were simply revelations from the gods. The Sumerians did not recognize interpretation20. They saw no need for rules of reason. No evidence remains in their writings of their respecting doubt or that they understood any benefit from suspended judgment21. The priests did believe in axioms22. A part of the change they had made in their religion was working their stories about their gods into axioms. Sometime around 2500 BCE, Enlil became the greatest of the gods and the god who punished people and watched over their safety and well being. Like the gods of other ancient peoples23, Enlil was a god who dwelled somewhere. He was a god of place, and that place was the city was Nippur, a sacred city believed to have been inhabited at first only by divine beings. By around 2500 BCE, the Sumerians were individualistic enough to believe in personal gods, gods with whom individuals had a covenant24. Individuals no longer prayed just for the community. The evidence suggests that Sumerian society was becoming dominated by males25, and Sumerian scholars claimed that the head of every family -- a male -- and every other adult male had his personal god. Men hoped that their god would intercede for them in the assembly of gods and provide them with a long life and good health. In exchange, they glorified their god with prayers, supplications and sacrifices while continuing to worship the other gods in the Sumerian pantheon of gods. The religion of the ancient Sumerians has left its mark on the entire middle east. Not only are its temples and ziggurats26 scattered about the region, but the literature, cosmogony and rituals influenced their neighbours to such an extent that we can see echoes of Sumer in the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition today27. From these ancient temples, and to a greater extent, through cuneiform writings of hymns, myths, lamentations, and incantations, archaeologists and mythographers afford the modern reader a glimpse into the religious world of the Sumerians. Each city housed a temple that was the seat of a major god in the Sumerian pantheon, as the gods controlled the powerful forces which often dictated a human's fate. The city leaders had a duty to please the town's patron deity, not only for the good will of that god or goddess, but also for the good will of the other deities in the council of gods. The priesthood initially held this role, and even after secular kings ascended to power, the clergy still held great authority through the interpretation of omens and dreams. Many of the secular kings claimed divine right; Sargon of Agade, for example claimed to have been chosen by Ishtar/Inanna28. A representation of Ianna is given in the picture on the right. Most of the Sumerian deities were depicted with 'wings'. A Belief in Sin29 Believing that the gods had given them all they had, the Sumerians saw the intentions of their gods as good, and believing that their gods had great powers and controlled their world, the Sumerians needed an explanation for their hardships and misfortunes. The obvious explanation was that their hardships and misfortunes were the result of human deeds that displeased the gods -- in a word, sin. They believed that when someone displeased the gods, these gods let demons punish the offender with sickness, disease or environmental disasters. The Sumerians experienced infrequent rains that sometimes created disastrous floods, and they believed that these floods were punishments created by a demon god that lived in the depths of the Gulf of Persia. And to explain the misfortunes and suffering of infants, the Sumerians believed that sin was inborn, that never was a child born without sin. Therefore, wrote a Sumerian, when one suffered it was best not to curse the gods but to glorify them, to appeal to them, and to wait patiently for their deliverance30. Conflicts Among the Gods In giving their gods human characteristics, the Sumerians projected onto their gods the conflicts they found among themselves. Sumerian priests wrote of a dispute between the god of cattle, Lahar, and his sister Ashnan, the goddess of grain. Like some other gods, these gods were vain and wished to be praised. Each of the two sibling gods extolled his and her own achievements and belittled the achievements of the other. The Sumerians saw another dispute between the minor gods Emesh (summer) and his brother Enten (winter). Each of these brothers had specific duties in creation -- like Cain the farmer and Able the herdsmen. The god Enlil put Emesh in charge of producing trees, building houses, temples, cities and other tasks. Enlil put Enten in charge of causing ewes to give birth to lambs, goats to give birth to kids, birds to build nests, fish to lay their eggs and trees to bear fruit. And the brothers quarrelled violently as Emesh challenged Enten's claim to be the A dispute existed also between the god Enki and a mother goddess, Ninhursag -- perhaps originally the earth goddess Ki. Ninhursag made eight plants sprout in a divine garden, plants created from three generations of goddesses fathered by Enki. These goddesses were described as having been born "without pain or travail." Then trouble came as Enki ate the plants that Ninhursag had grown. Ninhursag responded with rage, and she pronounced a curse of death on Enki, and Enki's health began to fail. Eight parts of Enki's body -- one for each of the eight plants that he ate -- became diseased, one of which was his rib. The goddess Ninhursag then disappeared so as not let sympathy for Enki change her mind about her sentence of death upon him. However, she finally relented and returned to heal Enki. She created eight healing deities -- eight more goddesses -- one for each of Enki's ailing body parts. And the goddess who healed Enki's rib was Nin-ti, a name that in Sumerian meant "lady of the rib," which describes a character who was to appear in a different role in Hebrew writings centuries later, a character to be called Eve31. SUMERIAN PROPERTY, POWER AND POLITICS Early in Sumerian civilization, eighty to ninety percent of those who farmed did so on land they considered theirs rather than communal property32. Here too the Sumerians were expressing a trend that was common among others33. Another individual effort was commerce, and with a growth in commerce the Sumerians had begun using money, which made individual wealth more easily measured and stored. Commerce required initiative, imagination, an ability to get along with people and luck, and, of course, some merchants were more successful than were others. Farming took stamina, strength, good health, good luck and organization. And some farmers were more successful than were other farmers. Those farmers who failed to harvest enough to keep themselves in food and seed borrowed from those who had wealth in surplus. Those who borrowed hoped that their next harvest would give them the surplus they needed to repay their loan. But if the next harvest were also inadequate, to meet their obligations they might be forced to surrender their lands to the lender or to work for him. When Sumerians lost their land, they or their descendants might become sharecroppers: working the lands of successful landowners in exchange for giving the landowners a good portion of the crops they grew. Accompanying divisions in wealth was a division in power, and power among the Sumerians passed to an elite. Sumerian priests had once worked the fields alongside others, but now they were separated from commoners. A corporation run by priests became the greatest landowners among the Sumerians. The priests hired the poor to work their land and claimed that land was really owned by the gods. Priests had become skilled as scribes, and in some cities they sat with the city's council of elders. These councils wielded great influence, sometimes in conflict with a city's king. Common Sumerians remained illiterate and without power, while kings, once elected by common people, became monarchs. The monarchs were viewed as agents of and responsible to the gods. It was the religious duty of his subjects to accept his rule as a part of the plan of the gods. Governments drafted common people to work on community projects, and common people were obliged to pay taxes to the government in the form of a percentage of their crops, which the city could either sell or use to feed its soldiers and others it supported. And priests told commoners that their drudgery was necessary to allow the gods their just One of the criteria by which a society can fairly be judges is the position which it accords to In Ancient times, physically stronger than women, men could rule women by brute force, and in societies where men were the warriors, it was they who got together and made the decisions. Kings were chosen by the warriors as the leading warrior. Sumerian kings had promulgated codes of social justice, their laws protecting the widow, the orphan, the weak, for example decreeing that "you shall not take away the donkey of a widow34". However, in some matters the Sumerians put the domination of men over women into law. If a husband died, the widow came under the control of her former husband's father or brother, or if she had a grown son under his control. Some suggest that this meant a woman in Sumer had no recourse or protection under the law, however others claim that the status of the legitimate wife was well protected. Monogamy was the law of the land and marriages were seen as important 'contracts' and concubinage, although existed, did not undermine the buttress of the marital relationship. Infertility of a woman however could deprive a woman of the rights of wedlock and the Sumerian man could gain an easier divorce than the woman. A woman's only power, if she had any, was the influence of her personality within her family35. However other writers suggest that the role of women and their status was not only engaged in household chores like spinning, weaving, milking or tending to the family and the home, but that they were also 'working professionals' such as doctors, mid-wives and nurses36. She could engage independently in business and keep her own slaves. She could give witness in a court of law. However, this has to be considered in the light that most students were men (see below) and it is not known to what extent the woman's status was given by law or allowed by the individual relationships women found themselves within. It is not certain whether their professional roles were not for females, i.e. doctors for females and children. Yet, Sumer had the first ever queen in her own right, bearing the title LU.GAL37. Evidence of Sumerian carved depictions show women by themselves and dressed, while men were shown naked38. Also, some suggest, that the goddesses, like Inanna depicted in the picture above, and their high standing is evidence of women's high status in Sumerian society39. One thing which can be asserted with any certainty is that the women in Sumerian society was assigned a higher status than of those civilizations which succeeded Early in Sumerian civilization, schooling was associated with the priesthood and took place in temples. But this changed, and an education apart from the temples arose for the children of affluent families, who paid for this education -- and with men dominating women, most if not all students were males. The students were obliged to work hard at their studies, from sun up to sun down. Another sign which arguably shows that Sumerians did not believe in change, was that there was no probing into the potentials of humankind or study of the humanities. Their study was "practical" -- rote learning of complex grammar and practice at writing. Students were encouraged with praise while their inadequacies and failures were punished with lashes from a stick or cane40. War and Slavery As Sumerian cities grew in population and expanded, the virgin swamps that had insulated city from city disappeared. And, like other peoples, the Sumerians were inclined to empathize more with those closer to themselves and inclined to see their own interests more clearly than those distant from them. Sumerians from different cities were unable or unwilling to resolve their conflicts over land and the availability of water, and wars between Sumerian cities erupted -- wars they saw as between their gods. Eventually, the Sumerians made slaves of other Sumerians they had captured in their wars with each other, but originally
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免费的饭。”““你确定吗?“他问。但是在金克斯回答他之前,贾格尔大声说,他的声音充满了怀疑。怀疑,威胁。“她在这里做什么?“他问,他的眼睛盯着金克斯,右手紧握着铁钉,还沾着牧师的血。 服务人员的相机近距离放大,看到一小群赞普人挤过洞穴的墙。他们会产卵吗?’“不,史密斯说,他们的鸡蛋室在一个较高的水平。那些照片中的洞穴在D级是72个,离建筑工地不远。赞普一家人成群结队地往前走,几百年不活动之后。”投影仪熄灭了,然后突然出现一张奇怪的、出乎意料的照片,伯尼斯花了几分钟才接受。没有明显的参考点,没有东西可以透视这个场景,这让她想起了三维特技图片中隐藏的图案。”Caelan皱起了眉头,他下巴的肌肉紧握。她是对的。他想要诅咒她,但她是对的。承认嘴里尝起来像灰烬。咆哮,他发布了男孩,走回来。 责任编辑:薛满意 频道推荐 热门视频 图片新闻 - 多部门推扶贫资金绩效管理花钱必问效无效必问责 点击数:2727970 - 遇见爱情最好的样子你心里我有我心里也有你 点击数:2162950 - 【教练角】篮球练习有防守的传球 点击数:2968661 - 中国新能源汽车国际合作大会成都召开 点击数:1936989 This course will focus on various changes in criminal justice policy that occurred in the last 30 years (e.g., changes in sentencing law and policy, increased incarceration rates, and the "war on drugs") and seek to identify the factors that brought about those changes. To what degree were these changes responses to changes in the rates and types of crimes experienced in the U.S.? To what degree were these changes prompted by political campaigns and strategies, or by a media produced sense of crisis? Readings will include legal materials which will probe and analyze statutory and administrative changes, as well as interdisciplinary readings. Each student will prepare six short (4-5 page) papers responding to the course readings, and will take part in a group presentation on a topic selected by class members. |Course Areas of Practice| Legal analysis and reasoning, legal research, problem-solving, and written and oral communication in the legal context I suoi abitanti sono chiamati i sampaolesi. Il sacco di Roma del 410 e l'origine del De civitate Dei di Agostino Tra le rovine fumanti la visione di una nuova città . Agostino - De Civitate Dei XIV, 28 - Prerogative delle due città. Agostino visse a cavallo fra due epoche: la fine del mondo antico (con la fine dell'Impero romano) e l'inizio dell'Età tardo antica, una via di mezzo fra l'antichità e il Medioevo. C. con la Lex Julia de Civitate, Volterra ottenne la cittadinanza romana, la città sostenne per due anni (82 - 80) un lungo assedio contro Silla, finché, stremata, dovette arrendersi Sono le due città di cui parla sant'Agostino: «L'una è la società degli uomini devoti, l'altra dei ribelli, ognuna con gli angeli che le appartengono, in cui da una parte è superiore l'amore a Dio, dall'altra l'amore di sé» (De Civitate Dei, lib. il 02 Maggio 2016, da Valeria Elena Roveta Matilde Quarti il 03 Maggio 2016 ha risposto: I segnati dalla grazia formano una sola società, che aspira alla felicità nel bene supremo: la città di Dio La c. aa10 con il passo delle Retractationes è caratterizzata da un fregio rappresentante Marcio Coriolano che incontra la madre supplicante con le donne di Roma, mentre la carta seguente, con l'inizio del De civitate Dei, è ornata dai candelabri incisi da Urs Graf (che sono utilizzati anche nelle edizioni di san Girolamo, di Tertulliano e nelle Annotationes) con i due putti che reggono. Le fonti letterarie degli scritti sono due e ambedue incomplete: le Ritrattazioni di Agostino e l'Indicolo di Possidio.. Agostino pensava alle Ritrattazioni già nel 412 (Epistola 143, 2), ma vi pose mano solo nel 426-427 (Retractationes 2, 51 e De doctrina christiana 4, 24, 53).Fu un lungo e minuzioso esame di coscienza su tutta la sua produzione, I rapporti tra le due città non vanno però nel migliore dei modi dato che il giuramento di fedeltà viene ripetutamente rinnovato, [37] Hec autem sacramenta faciemus iurare quingentos homines de civitate Luce, quos ianuenses consules per se vel per suum missum petierint. Gli incontri di questo avvenimento, le cose che può utilizzare per il suo cammino, le opposizioni persino cruente al suo esserci, soprattutto le alternative ideali alla gratuità del suo accadere. Estrazione lotto 23 dicembre 2017 napoli. Trama. La sua opera ha segnato la storia della religiosità e della filosofia europea. Nel 428 l’Africa è attaccata dai Vandali, Ippona è assediata e Agostino muore nel 430 durante l’assedio. Profilo biografico 103 2. Title: agostino-cittadidio Author 19 Leandro Polverini, La storia romana nel De civitate Dei 35 Marcello Marin, L'utilizzazione di Sallustio nel De civitate Dei 51 Basil Studer, Le due città della creazione iconografica absidale in Roma (secoli IV - XII) 667 Indice dei nomi. 0,00 € Gratis i primi 30 giorni. Secolo V. In assenza di documentazioni inequivocabili, amiamo pensare possa essere uno di quelli fatti copiare all'indomani dell. Il comportamento di Roma. Sfoglia parole milioni e frasi in tutte le lingue. Il primo sacco è avvenuto nel 390 a.C, ad opera dei Galli guidati da Brenno 1465-67, due stampatori tedeschi di Magonza, K. Sweynheym e A. Pannartz, allievi di Gutenberg, impiantano nel monastero di Santa Scolastica la prima tipografia in Italia; tra i primi libri stampati, De Oratore di Cicerone e De Civitate Dei di Sant'Agostino due vescovi o due vicari e che neppure ai chierici sia lecito in duas civitates ministrare 6; già nell' Admonitio generali s del 789, d'altra parte, riprendendo le norme dei concili di Calcedonia e di Sardi, si impediva a vescovi e a preti di trasmigrare de civitate i. Nelle vicinanze dei comuni di Torremaggiore, Serracapriola i Casalnuovo Monterotaro, San. « Quam facunda viri vox » 103 La Historia de duabus civitatibus di Ottone di Frisinga 1. Infatti, per aumentare la grandezza della misericordia di Dio aumenta la gravità delle sue azioni (‘’il furto delle pere’’). il questi progresso nel e valore le Senna rispettive nascente. Matilde Quarti il 03 Maggio 2016 ha risposto: Ciao Valeria, le due città di Agostino rappresentano uno la vita mondana (la Città dell'uomo, fondata da Caino e basata su aggressività, egoismo e avarizia) e una la vita. La sezione delle Fonti documentarie contiene inoltre i primi due volumi del Codice diplomatico aretino (dal secolo VIII al 1200 ca.). Il De civitate Dei affronta il problema delle due citta' che governano la storia umana , come si devono intendere le due citta' di cui parla Agostino? Oltre a costituire un commento agli avvenimenti politici, La città di Dio offre una sintesi dei principali temi. Audiolibro Audible. 5-27 (tutto il numero, con contributi di J.-R. Armogathe, G. B. Contri, C. Dalmasso, O. Grassi, M. (De Civitate Dei, S. Agostino) Si delineano dunque le due città: la città degli uomini e la città di Dio. it. Questa convusione, che vede le due città mischiarsi nel mondo, avrà fine solo in occasione del Giudizio universale, quando finalmente le due città saranno separate da Dio. La città terrena: dal basso in alto: le fatiche dell'uomo, le sue disgrazie, il giudizio particolare dell'anima [(miniature dal codice De Civitate Dei, XI sec. Nel De Trinitate, per spiegare il mistero delle persone divine, chiarisce come le tre persone sussistono in un'unica natura distinguendosi per le diverse relazioni. Perciò la prima si gloria in se stessa, la seconda nel Signore. L'opera mi tenne occupato per molti anni. 264. nella storia rappresentate dalle due città, una celeste (appunto la Città di Dio) uniformata ai principi del cristianesimo, votata al bene dove gli uomin La città di Dio (latino: De Civitate Dei, o anche De Civitate Dei contra Paganos) è un'opera latina scritta in ventidue volumi da Agostino d'Ippona tra il 413 e il 426; Sant'Agostino scrisse i primi dieci libri con la finalità di difendere il cristianesimo dalle accuse dei pagani ed analizzare le questioni sociali-politiche dell'epoca; negli altri dodici libri, invece, tratta della salvezza. Atti della Settimana Agostiniana Pavese (1999-2001) Indice: pag. L'amanuense ha ritratto Agostino in una maniera abbastanza usuale per l'epoca: veste un abito vescovile ricco di elementi decorativi e regge con la mano sinistra un libro, mentre con la destra rivolge una benedizione Il De civitate Dei è il secondo libro mai stampato al mondo e il primo in Italia. Del resto, quest'ultimo, non è accessibile al pubblico. Il 24 agosto 410, dopo due anni di assedio, i visigoti guidati da Alarico invasero Roma e la saccheggiarono per tre giorni consecutivi prima di spostarsi verso sud. Due modi di essere dell'uomo realizzano due tipi di società, la città di Dio e la città terrena. Consideriamo ora un po' più in dettaglio l'impianto generale del De Civitate Dei De civitate Dei Agostino De civitate Dei XXII, 29-30 L'epilogo della città di Dio L'ultimo libro descrive l''epilogo' della città di Dio, come già il XXI l''epilogo' della città terrena, e i due capitoli finali, 29 e 30, 'chiudono in gloria', per così dire, la grandiosa opera di Agostino, affron Le due città, i due amori Inserito il: 13/10/2011 De Civitate Dei Scarica allegato I racconti del Pellegrino russo Inserito il: 20/06/2011 La Filocalia Scarica allegato Gregorio Palamas e l'esicasmo Inserito il: 09/05/2011 La Filocalia Scarica allegato Simone. Ma alla fine dei tempi la città celeste con i beati sarà definitivamente scissa dalla città terrestre (a conferma anche della linearità della storia e della unicità e irripetibilità degli avvenimenti). La città di Dio è un libro di Agostino (sant') pubblicato da Città Nuova nella collana Minima: acquista su IBS a 32.40€ di MONS. e note di D. Gentili, Città Nuova, Roma 1978-1991. Aachen, Öffentliche Bibliothek der Stadt Aachen Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Borgh. XIV, c. 13,1). Siamo fieri di condividere tutti i contenuti di questo sito, eccetto dove diversamente specificato, sotto licenza. Esempio di un percorso tematico dedicato alla storia della città di Arezzo attraverso autori e testi. La città di Dio - L\'ordine dell\'amore nella città degli uomini Nel libro XIX del De civitate Dei la dottrina del sommo bene si trasforma in un grande inno alla pace, vista come la cifra fondamentale della creazione che tende al suo fine. Il libro La città di Dio è un'opera imponente. Le due città, i due amori all'organo: Lorenzo Ghielmi lettrice: Raffaella Primati introduce Mons. riassunto di Letteratura latina Il senso della storia: le due città. Percorrerà per più di 35 anni la carriera ecclesiastica. Riassunto della vita di Sant'Agostino e delle sue due opere principali, Le Confessioni e La città di Dio (De civitate dei) (3 pagine formato doc) Pagina 1 di 3 1 La vita, le opere (Confessiones, De civitate Dei, De doctrina christiana), la filosofia. Secolo V. In assenza di documentazioni inequivocabili, amiamo pensare possa essere uno di quelli fatti. I ventidue libri de La città di Dio costituiscono uno degli indiscussi. Nella visione teologica e religiosa offerta dal De civitate Dei, la vita perde ogni connotazione puramente occasionale e contingente, per svilupparsi secondo un itinerario ben definito e in vista di un fine saldamente stabilito. Agostino, Le due città. 1500-1520. S. Agostino - De civitate dei. Pensate per esempio a Leopardi e a Pavese2), i cittadini delle due città vivono però insieme in questo mondo IL DE CIVITATE DEI DI SANT'AGOSTINO. di di complesso con Dio, quando l'altra si si del estende città tempo, territori tra in Elvezi il cui. Il De civitate Dei si propone di illustrare sostanzialmente la storia del mondo da un punto di vista, anche nell'uomo le due città non sono separate: esse vivono insieme, alternando il sopravvento dell'una sull'altra. il 02 Maggio 2016, da Valeria Elena Roveta. (De civ. Letture e proposte Premessa Queste due città non coincidono con la Chiesa e la società o lo stato. In order to deepen this semiotic comparison the author examines a wellknown illuminated manuscript of the De civitate Dei (Plut. Spero di esserti stata utile, ciao! De Civitate Dei cum commento. Sūq-Ahras in Algeria, 13 nov. 354 - Ippona, od. 430); fu uno dei quattro grandi Dottori della Chiesa occidentale, detto "il Dottore della Grazia". a cura di Luigi Beretta . De civitate dei le due città. La città degli uomini è quella dell'uomo-carne, che si può approssimare con l'homo oeconomicus, massimizzatore della propria utilità materiale, mentre la città di Dio è quella dell'uomo-spirito, che è conseguente alle esigenze della propria realtà personale nella sua. riassunto di Latin. Simpliciano era un vescovo più vecchio di Sant’Ambrogio e fu la sua guida, i due avevano un rapporto più libero e confidenziale, con Sant’Ambrogio invece i rapporti sono più formali, in quanto era una figura istituzionale.Per prepararsi al battesimo passa un anno a Cassiciacum (a nord di Milano) in una cascina in cui si ritira con persone a lui vicine, la madre, amici tra cui Alipio e il figlio Adiodato, che muore alla giovane età di 16 anni, e persone che volevano allontanarsi dalla mondanità.Nella Pasqua del 387 viene battezzato, torna a Cartagine, ma prima nel mese di settembre si dirige a Roma. Nell’ultima città diventa prete per acclamazione della folla, come era successo a Sant’Ambrogio, e nel 395 viene eletto vescovo di Ippona. Può avvenire appunto
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, sömürülenlerin de sömürücüler olmaksızın yapamayacaklarını söyleyen eski “teori” sadece antik çağın Ünlü Romalın senatörü Menenius Agrippa’ya ait değildir. Bu “teori”, şimdi genel olarak sosyal-demokrasinin siyasi “felsefesi” nin, özel olarak da sosyal-demokratların emperyalist burjuvaziyle koalisyon politikasının köşe taşını oluşturmaktadır. Bir önyargı niteliğine bürünen bu “teori”, bugün kapitalist ülkeler proletaryasının devrİmcileşmesinin önündeki en ciddi engellerden biri durumundadır. Ekim Devriminin en önemli sonuçlarından biri, onun bu yalancı “teori”ye ölümcül bir darbe indirmiş olmasıdır. Ekim Devriminin bu ve buna benzer sonuçlarının, kapitalist ülkelerdeki işçi sınıfının devrimci hareketine ciddi bir etki yapmadan kalamadıklarını ve kalamayacaklarını kanıtlamaya hâlâ gerek var mı? Kapitalist ülkelerde komünizmin sürekli ilerleyişi, bütün ülkelerin proleterlerinin SSCB işçi sınıfına olan sempatilerinin artması, nihayet işçi delegasyonlarının Sovyetler ülkesi* ne akışı gibi bütün dünyaca bilinen olgular, Ekim Devriminin serptiği tohumun şimdiden ürün vermeye başladığını kuşkuya yer bırakmayacak bir biçimde göstermektedir. 2. Ekim Devrimi emperyalizmi yalnızca egemenlik merkezlerinde, yalnızca “anavatan”larda sarsmadı. O aynı zamanda emperyalizmin cephe gerisine, çevresine de bir darbe vurdu ve emperyalizmin sömürge ve bağımlı ülkelerdeki egemenliğini sarstı. Büyük toprak sahiplerini ve kapitalistleri deviren Ekim Devrimi, ulusal ve sömürgesel baskı zincirlerini parçaladı ve kocaman bir devletin istisnasız bütün ezilen halklarını bu baskıdan kurtardı. Proletarya, ezilen halkları kurtarmaksızın kendini kurtaramaz. Ekim Devriminin karakteristik özelliklerinden biri, Sovyetler Bİrlİğİ’nde bu ulusal ve sömürgesel devrimleri, ulusal kin ve uluslar arasında çatışmalar bayrağı altında değil, tam tersine Sovyetler Birliği’ndeki milliyetlerden işçilerin ve köylülerin karşılıklı güveni ve kardeşçe yakınlaşması bayrağı altında, milliyetçilik adına değil, enternasyonalizm adına yapmış olmasıdır. Tam da bizim ülkemizde ulusal ve sömürgesel devrimler proletaryanın önderliğinde ve enternasyonalizm bayrağı altında gerçekleşmiş olduğu İçin, tam da bu yüzden, parya halklar, köle halklar, verdikleri örnekle bütün dünyanın ezilen halklarını kazanarak, insanlık tarihinde ilk kez gerçekten özgür ve gerçekten eşit halklar durumuna yükselmişlerdir.Bu, Ekim Devrimi yeni bir çağı, dünyanın ezilen ülkelerinde proletaryayla ittifak içinde, proletaryanın önderliğinde sömürgesel devrimler çağını başlattı demektir. Eskiden, fi tarihinden beri, dünyanın adi ve üstün ırklara, renkliler ve beyazlara bölündüğü, birincilerin uygarlığa uymayan ve sömürülmeye mahkûm, İkincilerin ise uygarlığın tek taşıyıcısı ve birincileri sömürmekle görevli oldukları “kabul edilirdi”. Şimdi bu efsane yıkılmış ve bir kenara atılmış olarak görülmelidir. Ekim Devriminin en önemli sonuçlarından biri, gerçekte, sovyetik gelişme yoluna girmiş Avrupalı olmayan kurtulmuş halkların, gerçekten ileri bir kültür ve gerçekten ileri bir uygarlığı geliştirmede Avrupalı halklar kadar yetenekli olduğunu pratikte göstererek, bu efsaneye Öldürücü bir darbe indirmiş olmasıdır. Eskiden, ezilen ulusların kurtuluşunun tek yönteminin burjuva milliyetçiliği yöntemi olduğu, ulusların birbirinden ayrılması yöntemi, onların aralarını bozma, çeşitli ulusların emekçi yığınları arasındaki ulusal düşmanlığı güçlendirme yöntemi olduğuna inanmak “olağan”dı. Şimdi bu efsaneyi yalanlanmış olarak görmek gerekir. Ekim Devrimi’ nİn en önemli sonuçlarından biri, gerçekte, ezilen halkların özgürlüğe kavuşmasında proleterce, enternasyonalist yöntemi tek doğru yöntem olarak görmenin olanaklı ve amaca uygun olduğunu pratikte göstererek, en değişik halklardan işçilerin ve köylülerin kardeşçe birliğinin gönüllülük ve enternasyonalizm temelinde mümkün ve amaca uygun olduğunu pratikte göstererek, bu efsaneye ölümcül bir darbe indirmiş olmasıdır. Tüm ülkelerin emekçilerinin gelecekteki yekpare dünya ekonomisi İçinde birleşmesinin örneği olan Sosyalist Sovyet Cumhuriyetleri Birliğİ’nin varlığı, kaçınılmaz olarak bunun doğrudan kanıtı olarak görülmelidir. Söylemeye gerek yok ki, Ekim Devriminin bu ve benzer sonuçları sömürge ve bağımlı ülkelerdeki devrimci hareket üzerinde ciddi bir etki yapmadan kalamazdı ve kalamaz. Çin’de, Endonezya’da, Hindistan’da vb. ezilen halkların devrimci hareketinin gelişmesi ve bu halkların SSCB’ne olan sempatilerinin artması gibi olgular, bunun kesin kanıtlarıdır. Sömürgelerin ve bağımlı ülkelerin tam bir rahatlıkla sömürülebildiği ve ezilebildİği çağ geçmiştir. Sömürgelerde ve bağımlı ülkelerde kurtuluş devrimi çağı, bu ülkeler proletaryasının uyanış çağı, devrimde hegemonyası çağı başlamıştır. 3. Emperyalizmin merkezlerinde olduğu gibi cephe gerisinde de devrim tohumunu serpen, “anavatanlarda emperyalizmin iktidarını zayıflatan ve sömürgelerdeki egemenliğini sarsan Ekim Devrimi, bunları yapmakla dünya kapitalizminin tümünün varlığını soru işareti haline getirmiştir. Emperyalizm koşulları altında, kapitalizmin kendiliğinden gelişmesi - bu gelişmenin eşit olmaması sonucu, çatışmaların ve silahlı çarpışmaların kaçınılmazlığı sonucu, nihayet şimdiye dek görülmemiş bir emperyalist katliam sonucu kapitalizmin çürümesi ve can çekişmesi sürecine dönüşmüşse, Ekim Devrimi ve onun sonucu olarak kocaman bir ülkenin kapitalist dünya sisteminden ayrılması, bu süreci hızlandırmadan, dünya emperyalizminin temel direklerinin altını oymadan edemezdi. Dahası var. Emperyalizmi sarsan Ekim Devrimi, aynı zamanda ilk proletarya diktatörlüğünün şahsında uluslararası devrimci hareketin güçlü ve açık bir üssünü, daha önce hiçbir zaman var olmamış olan ve şimdi dayanabileceği üssü yarattı. Dünya devrimci hareketinin açık bir merkezini, daha önce hiçbir zaman var olmamış olan ve etrafında bütün ülkelerin proleterlerini ve ezilen halklarını emperyalizme karşı devrimci bir birleşik cephede örgütleyerek onların kümelenebileceği o merkezi yarattı. Bu, herşeyden önce, Ekim Devrİminin, dünya kapitalizmine artık hiçbir zaman iyileştiremeyeceği ölümcül bir yara açmış olması demektir. İşte bu yüzden kapitalizm, Ekim’den önce sahip olduğu “denge”ye ve “istikrar’’ a bir daha kavuşamayacaktır.Kapitalizm kısmen istikrara kavuşabilir, üretimini rasyonalleştirebilir, ülkenin yönetimini faşizme bırakabilir, işçi sınıfına belli bir süre için boyun eğdirebilir; ama artık hiçbir zaman, eskiden gösterişini yaptığı “sakinliği” ve “güveni”, “denge”yi ve “istikrar”ı bulamayacaktır, çünkü dünya kapitalizminin bunalımı öyle bir gelişme aşamasına varmıştır ki, devrimin alevleri kâh emperyalizmin merkezlerinde, kâh çevresinde, kapitalist yamaları hiçe indirgeyerek ve kapitalizmin devrilmesini günbegün yakınlaştırarak kendilerine kaçınılmaz olarak bir geçit açacaklardır. Bu, ikinci olarak, Ekim Devriminin, tüm dünyanın ezilen sınıflarının gücünü ve önemini, cesaretini ve savaşkanlığını belirli bir yüksekliğe çıkarmış ve egemen sınıfları bu ezilen sınıfları yeni ve ciddi bir etken olarak hesaba katmak zorunda bırakmış olması demektir. Bugün artık dünyanın emekçi kitlelerini karanlıkta el yordamıyla dolaşan ve perspektiften yoksun “kör bir kalabalık” olarak görmek mümkün değildir, çünkü Ekim Devrimi, onlar için, yollarını aydınlatan ve perspektifler veren bir fener dikmiştir. Eskiden ezilen sınıfların dileklerini ve isteklerini açığa vurmak ve gerçekleştirmek için açık, evrensel bir forum olmamışsa, bugün bu forum ilk proletarya diktatörlüğünün şahsında vardır. Bu forumun yok edilmesinin, “ileri ülkelerin” toplumsal ve siyasi yaşantısını uzun bir süre için dizginsiz, kara bir gericiliğin karanlıklarına daldıracağından hiç kuşku duyulamaz. “Bolşevik devlet”in salt varlığı olgusunun, gericiliğin karanlık güçlerine gem vurduğu ve ezilen sınıfların kurtuluşları İçin mücadeleyi kolaylaştırdığı yadsınamaz. Aslında bütün ülkelerin sömürücülerinin Bolşeviklere karşı besledikleri hayvani kinin açıklaması burada yatar. Tarih, her ne kadar yeni bir temel üzerinde de olsa, yineleniyor. Eskiden feodalizmin devrilmesi döneminde nasıl “Jakoben” adı bütün ülkelerin aristokratlarında korku ve tiksinti uyandırıyorduysa, bugün de, kapitalizmin devrilmesi döneminde, “Bolşevik” adı burjuva ülkelerde öyle korku ve tiksinti uyandırıyor. Ve tersine, nasıl Paris, geçmişte yükselen burjuvazinin temsilcilerine bir barınak ve okul görevi görüyorduysa, bugün de Moskova yükselen proletaryanın temsilcilerine öyle barınak ve okul görevi görüyor. Feodalizmin Jakobenlere karşı beslediği kin, onu çökmekten kurtaramadı. Kapitalizmin Bolşeviklere karşı beslediği kinin, onu kaçınılmaz yıkılışından kurtaramayacağından kuşku duyulabilir mi? Kapitalizmin “istikrar” çağı geçmiştir, onunla birlikte burjuva düzeninin sarsılmazlığı efsanesi de. Kapitalizmin yıkılış çağı geldi. 4. Ekim Devrimi, yalnızca ekonomik ve toplumsal-siyasi ilişkiler alanında bir devrim değildir. O aynı zamanda işçi sınıfının kafasında, İşçi sınıfının ideolojisinde de bir devrimdir. Ekim Devrimi, Marksizmin bayrağı altında, proletarya diktatörlüğü düşüncesinin bayrağı altında, emperyalizm ve proleter devrimleri çağının Marksizmi Leninizmin bayrağı altında doğdu ve güçlendi. Dolayısıyla Ekim Devrimi, Marksizmin reformizm üzerindeki, Leninizmin sosyal-demokratizm üzerindeki, III. Enternasyonal’in II. Enternasyonal üzerindeki zaferi demektir. Ekim Devrimi, Marksizm İle sosyal-demokratizm arasında, Leninizmin politikası ile sosyal-demokratİzmin politikası arasında aşılmaz bir uçurum dikmiştir. Eskiden, proletarya diktatörlüğünün zaferinden önce sosyal-demokrasi, proletarya diktatörlüğü düşüncesini açıkça yadsımadan, ama aynı zamanda bu düşüncenin gerçekleşmesini hızlandırmak için hiç, ama hiçbir şey yapmadan, gösteriş yapabilirdi, çünkü sosyal-demokrasinin böyle bir davranışı kapitalizm için hiçbir tehlike yaratmıyordu. O dönemde sosyal demokrasi ve Marksizm biçimsel olarak aynı, ya da hemen hemen aynı şey olarak görülüyordu. Şimdi, proletarya diktatörlüğünün zaferinden sonra, herkes kendi gözleriyle Marksizmin nereye götürdüğünü ve zaferinin anlamının ne olabileceğini gördükten sonra, artık sosyal-demokrasi kapitalizm için belli bir tehlike yaratmadan Marksizm bayrağı altında gösteriş yapamaz, proletarya diktatörlüğü düşüncesiyle flört edemez. Uzun zamandan beri Marksizmin düşüncesiyle bozuştuğundan, şimdi Marksizmin bayrağıyla da bozuşmak zorundaydı, Marksizmin ürünü olan Ekim Devriminekarşı, dünyadaki ilk proletarya diktatörlüğüne karşı açık ve yanlış anlamaya meydan bırakmayan bir tavır aldı. Marksizmden uzaklaşmak zorundaydı ve gerçekten de uzaklaştı, çünkü bugünkü koşullarda insan dünyadaki ilk proletarya diktatörlüğünü açıkça ve kayıtsız-şartsız desteklemeden, kendi burjuvazisine karşı devrimci mücadele yürütmeden, kendi ülkesinde proletarya diktatörlüğünün zaferinin koşullarını yaratmadan kendine Marksist diyemez. Sosyal-demokrasi İle Marksizm arasında bir uçurum açıldı. Bundan böyle Marksizmin tek taşıyıcısı ve tek savunucusu Leninizmdir, komünizmdir. Ama işler orada kalmadı. Sosyal-demokrasi ile Marksizm arasına ayrım çizgileri çeken Ekim Devrimi, sosyal demokrasinin, dünyanın ilk proletarya diktatörlüğüne karşı, kapitalizmin doğrudan savunucuları kampında yerini alması sonucunu getirdi. Adler ve Bauer, Wells ve Levi, Longuet ve Blum baylar “Sovyet rejimini” kınadıkları ve parlamenter “demokrasi”yi överek göklere çıkardıklarında, bununla SSCB’nde kapitalist düzenin yeniden kurulmasından yana, “uygar” ülkelerde kapitalist köleliğin sürdürülmesinden yana mücadele ettiklerini ve edeceklerini söylemek istemektedirler. Bugünkü sosyal-demokratizm, kapitalizme verilmiş bir ideolojik dayanaktır. Lenin, bugünkü sosyal-demokrat politikacıların “işçi hareketi içinde burjuvazinin gerçek ajanları, kapitalist sınıfın işçi uşakları" olduklarını; "proletarya ile burjuvazi arasındaki içsavaşta" kaçınılmaz bir biçimde "Komüncülere karşı Versaycıların yanında" saf tutacaklarını söylediğinde bin kez haklıydı. İşçi hareketi içinde sosyal-demokratizmin işini bitirmedikçe, kapitalizmin işini bitirmek olanaksızdır, işte bu yüzden, kapitalizmin can çekişmesi devri, aynı zamanda, işçi hareketi içinde sosyal-demokrasinin de can çekişmesi devridir. Ekim Devriminin muazzam önemi, diğer şeylerin yanısıra, dünya işçi hareketi içinde Leninizmin sosyal-demokratizm üzerinde kesin zaferinde yatmaktadır. İşçi hareketinde II. Enternasyonalin ve sosyal-demokratizmin egemenliği çağı sona ermiştir. Leninizmin ve III. Enternasyonalin egemenlik çağı başlamıştır. Natural Disasters- When Mother Nature is furious A natural disaster is a sudden, catastrophic event caused by natural processes of the Earth. Different types of natural disasters include floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions and many more. There are varying estimates that peg the number of natural disasters per year across the world in the range of 500-1000. Some of the most recent examples include the Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake on 14 November 2016 , the Nepal earthquake in 2015 and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. Nature is analogous to a person with split personality (like the character in Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde); at its best it is beautiful and mesmerizing but at its worst, can be disastrous and catastrophic. There are many types of natural disasters that strike different parts of Earth and cause extensive damage to life, property and economic health in the affected areas. Some common examples of natural disasters include floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornadoes and volcanic eruptions. While many natural disasters are the result of natural geological and meteorological processes of the Earth, human activities such as forest degradation, pollution, engineering and construction are also altering natural systems dramatically and destabilizing climate, resulting in such disasters youtube music videos download legally. In this article, we look at various types of natural disasters and their deadliest occurrences from the past, that continue to remind us that Nature is indeed the most powerful force after all! Types of Natural Disasters- The Deadliest Ones Features & Characteristics: A hurricane (also called tropical cyclone or typhoon) is a giant, spiraling tropical storm characterized by a low-pressure center and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and strong winds. Wind speeds in a hurricane can reach up to 300km/hr in very severe occurrences and can cause over 9 trillion liters of rainfall per day! The center of a hurricane, also called its eye, is typically about 30-65km in diameter and notoriously calm. The outer edge of the eye, called the eyewall, is where the greatest wind speeds and highest precipitation occur. Hurricanes cause far greater damage to coastal regions and typically weaken over land. Deadly Occurr
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rates River. The king replied, I am writing this letter to Rehum, the commanding officer. I am also writing it to Shimshai, the secretary. And I am writing it to your friends who are living in Samaria and in other places west of the Euphrates River. I give you my greetings. The letter you sent us has been read to me. It has been explained to me in my language. I gave an order. I had a search made. We found out that Jerusalem has a long history of turning against the kings of the countries that have ruled over it. It has refused to remain under their control. It is always stirring up trouble. Jerusalem has had powerful kings. Some of them ruled over everything west of the Euphrates. Taxes, gifts and fees were paid to them. So give an order to those men. Make them stop their work. Then the city won't be rebuilt until I give the order. Pay careful attention to this matter. Why should we let this danger grow? That would not be in our best interests. The copy of the letter of King Artaxerxes was read to Rehum and the secretary Shimshai. It was also read to their friends. Right away they went to the Jews in Jerusalem. They forced them to stop their work. And so the work on the house of God in Jerusalem came to an end. Nothing more was done on it until the second year that Darius was king of Persia. 民居 · Joliet 大教堂区( Cathedral District )的舒适私人小屋 我们温馨舒适的1920年房源位于朱丽叶大教堂区( Cathedral District in Joliet )。 3分钟可达海利豪宅( Haley Mansion ) , 6分钟可达雅各布亨利豪宅( Jacob Henry Mansion )。 您可以通过带密码锁的前门进入整个主楼层,供您自己和房客使用。 我和我的两只迷你小狗住在地下室。我们有自己的入口从后面。 您可以将车停在外面的街道上。所以有很多停车位。 4月2日至9日 Dopo un anno di assenza dalla Formula 1, Esteban Ocon è tornato. Dopo aver trascorso un po’ di tempo come pilota di riserva e collaudatore Mercedes, il francese è tornato in griglia per la Renault e ha già individuato la differenza tra i due team. “La Formula 1 è tutta una questione di dettagli ed è chiaro che la Mercedes è ora migliore della Renault in tutto. Ciò ha senso perché altrimenti, non avrebbero vinto quei sei titoli. Tuttavia, ora sono un pilota Renault e farò di tutto in mio potere per riportare la Renault al vertice “, ha dichiarato Esteban Ocon a GQ Magazine. “Dobbiamo tenere i piedi per terra e puntare al quarto posto. Questo è realistico per la Renault. Non abbiamo ancora la velocità dei primi tre, ma ci arriveremo. Lavoriamo ogni giorno per migliorare, ma non è facile in un ambiente in rapida crescita come la Formula 1. ” ha concluso Esteban Ocon. La Renault ha avuto un 2019 non particolarmente felice e spera che il ritorno di un pilota francese nella squadra farà si che il team possa vivere un 2020 di successo. A zero-sum game is when one participant in an endeavor gains what the other person in the endeavor loses. There is only a finite amount of value to go around. Many people are inclined to think of their activities in this manner. This would be to their detriment. But first, why are people inclined to think in this manner? Perhaps it starts when one is a child. Obvious situations such as “if he has this toy, then I do not” abound, and the lesson is learned. Also, there are the the games that children play, boardgames and others, that teach this lesson. When they get older, there are grievance mongers (feminist leaders, SJWs and others) in their face. For these people to get and retain power, they need to get their message across easily, and with a maximum impact. This normally is done through appeals to the easily understood zero-sum game. And by engaging in this, they are doing society a great disservice. For the world is not just one big zero-sum game as the grievance mongers imply. There are win-win situations, where the overused word synergy applies. That is, the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. Marriage is supposed to be a sterling example of this. I will leave it as an exercise to the commenters to describe how this should work in marriage. I will end by stating that in the modern day, far too often the participants in a marriage view it as zero-sum game, which in the end means that they both lose (with the man typically losing more). L'adrenalina (epinefrina) (L-1 (3,4-diossifenil) -2-metilaminoetanolo) è il principale ormone della sostanza cerebrale delle ghiandole surrenali, nonché un neurotrasmettitore. È una catecolamina nella struttura chimica. L'adrenalina si trova in vari organi e tessuti, in quantità significative si forma nel tessuto cromaffinico, specialmente nel midollo surrenale. L'adrenalina sintetica è usata come medicinale sotto il nome di Epinephrine (INN). Oltre all'adrenalina, il midollo surrenale produce anche noradrenalina, che si differenzia dall'adrenalina per l'assenza di un gruppo metilico nella sua molecola. L'adrenalina e la noradrenalina sono prodotte da varie cellule dello strato cerebrale.. L'adrenalina è prodotta dalle cellule cromaffiniche del midollo surrenale. La sua secrezione aumenta drammaticamente durante condizioni stressanti, situazioni limite, un senso di pericolo, con ansia, paura, lesioni, ustioni e condizioni di shock. L'azione dell'adrenalina è associata ad un effetto sui recettori α e β-adrenorecettori e per molti aspetti coincide con gli effetti dell'eccitazione delle fibre nervose simpatiche. Provoca un restringimento dei vasi degli organi della cavità addominale, della pelle e delle mucose; in misura minore restringe i vasi dei muscoli scheletrici, ma dilata i vasi del cervello. La pressione sanguigna aumenta sotto l'influenza dell'adrenalina. Tuttavia, l'effetto pressore dell'adrenalina è meno pronunciato di quello della noradrenalina a causa dell'eccitazione non solo di α1 e α2-recettori adrenergici ma anche β2-adrenorecettori dei vasi sanguigni. I cambiamenti nell'attività cardiaca sono complessi: stimolare β1 adrenorecettori del cuore, l'adrenalina contribuisce ad un aumento significativo e aumento della frequenza cardiaca, facilità di conduzione atrioventricolare, aumento dell'automatismo del muscolo cardiaco, che può portare ad aritmie. Tuttavia, a causa di un aumento della pressione sanguigna, il centro dei nervi vaghi viene eccitato, che ha un effetto inibitorio sul cuore, può verificarsi una bradicardia riflessa transitoria. L'adrenalina è un ormone catabolico e colpisce quasi tutti i tipi di metabolismo. Sotto la sua influenza, c'è un aumento della glicemia e un aumento del metabolismo dei tessuti. Essendo un ormone contro-ormonale e agendo sul β2 adrenorecettori dei tessuti e del fegato, l'adrenalina migliora la gluconeogenesi e la glicogenolisi, inibisce la sintesi del glicogeno nel fegato e nei muscoli scheletrici, migliora l'assorbimento e l'utilizzo del glucosio da parte dei tessuti, aumentando l'attività degli enzimi glicolitici. L'adrenalina migliora anche la lipolisi (riduzione del grasso corporeo) e inibisce la sintesi del grasso. Ciò è dovuto al suo effetto su β1 adrenorecettori del tessuto adiposo. Ad alte concentrazioni, l'adrenalina migliora il catabolismo proteico. L'adrenalina migliora la capacità funzionale dei muscoli scheletrici (specialmente quando sono stanchi). Con un'esposizione prolungata a concentrazioni moderate di adrenalina, si nota un aumento delle dimensioni (ipertrofia funzionale) del miocardio e del muscolo scheletrico. Presumibilmente, questo effetto è uno dei meccanismi di adattamento del corpo allo stress cronico prolungato e all'aumento dell'attività fisica. Tuttavia, l'esposizione prolungata ad alte concentrazioni di adrenalina porta ad un aumento del catabolismo proteico, a una diminuzione della massa e della forza muscolare, alla perdita di peso e all'esaurimento. Questo spiega l'emaciazione e l'esaurimento dell'angoscia (stress che supera la capacità adattativa del corpo). L'adrenalina ha un effetto stimolante sul sistema nervoso centrale, sebbene penetri debolmente nella barriera emato-encefalica. Aumenta il livello di veglia, energia mentale e attività, provoca mobilitazione mentale, una reazione di orientamento e una sensazione di ansia, ansia o tensione. L'adrenalina viene generata in situazioni limite. L'adrenalina eccita la regione ipotalamica responsabile della sintesi dell'ormone di rilascio della corticotropina, attivando il sistema ipotalamo-ipofisi-surrene. Il conseguente aumento della concentrazione di cortisolo nel sangue aumenta l'effetto dell'adrenalina sui tessuti e aumenta la resistenza del corpo allo stress e allo shock. L'adrenalina ha anche un pronunciato effetto antiallergico e antinfiammatorio, inibisce il rilascio di istamina, serotonina, chinine, prostaglandine, leucotrieni e altri mediatori di allergie e infiammazioni da mastociti (effetto stabilizzante della membrana), eccitante β2-recettori adrenergici, riduce la sensibilità dei tessuti a queste sostanze. Questo, così come la stimolazione di β2-recettori adrenergici dei bronchioli, elimina il loro spasmo e previene lo sviluppo di edema della mucosa. L'adrenalina provoca un aumento del numero di globuli bianchi nel sangue, in parte a causa del rilascio di leucociti dal deposito nella milza, in parte a causa della ridistribuzione dei globuli durante lo spasmo vascolare, in parte a causa del rilascio di globuli bianchi non completamente maturi dal deposito del midollo osseo. Uno dei meccanismi fisiologici per limitare le reazioni infiammatorie e allergiche è un aumento della secrezione di adrenalina da parte del midollo surrenale, che si verifica in molte infezioni acute, processi infiammatori e reazioni allergiche. L'effetto antiallergico dell'adrenalina è anche dovuto al suo effetto sulla sintesi del cortisolo. L'adrenalina ha un effetto stimolante sul sistema di coagulazione del sangue. Aumenta il numero e l'attività funzionale delle piastrine, che, insieme a uno spasmo di piccoli capillari, determina l'effetto emostatico (emostatico) dell'adrenalina. Uno dei meccanismi fisiologici che promuovono l'emostasi è un aumento della concentrazione di adrenalina nel sangue durante la perdita di sangue. Adrenalina (epinefrina), che cos'è, le funzioni, i benefici e i danni del "battito o corsa dell'ormone" Quale persona non ha mai sentito l'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo? Non ci sono persone così. Dopotutto, anche il bambino più piccolo ha sperimentato lo stress almeno una volta nella vita. Dove viene prodotta l'adrenalina, perché è necessaria, ne trae beneficio o danno, come può salvare una vita o rovinarla? Tutto questo può essere trovato nell'articolo qui sotto. Cos'è l'adrenalina? L'adrenalina (aka epinefrina) è un ormone responsabile del verificarsi di sentimenti di ansia, paura, stress, pericolo. Ha ricevuto il nome dal termine ghiandola surrenale, perché questo organo in inglese suona come "ghiandola surrenale", ed è lui che produce adrenalina. In determinate quantità, l'epinefrina si trova sempre negli organi e nei tessuti. La sua presenza è vitale per il corpo, perché costringe il cervello a prendere decisioni lampo in una frazione di secondo: difendersi o fuggire. La formula dell'adrenalina è la seguente: Che cos'è l'adrenalina? Per sua natura chimica, è una catecolamina. Coloro. È una sostanza fisicamente attiva che partecipa al metabolismo e mantiene la stabilità del corpo durante il periodo di stress fisico e nervoso. L'ormone adrenalina viene prodotto nelle ghiandole surrenali durante situazioni stressanti. Questa ghiandola accoppiata produce anche un altro ormone, la noradrenalina, che prende parte anche alle reazioni di "lotta o fuga", ma in misura molto minore. Il meccanismo d'azione dell'adrenalina è che il segnale di allarme viene ricevuto da una parte del cervello - l'ipotalamo. Invia immediatamente l'ordine alle ghiandole surrenali, che rispondono con il rilascio di un ormone nel sangue. L'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo è accompagnato da aumento della pressione, aumento della frequenza cardiaca, pupille dilatate. L'attività fisica, mentale e mentale è attivata. Per fornire al corpo energia aggiuntiva, il glucosio inizia a essere prodotto più attivamente, mentre la sensazione di fame si attenua. Per garantire il massimo flusso di sangue al cervello, i sistemi digestivo e genito-urinario sono disattivati. Di conseguenza, una persona in pochissimo tempo diventa più veloce, più forte, gli organi sensoriali si aggravano. Tutto ciò ti consente di salvare una vita in situazioni estreme. L'adrenalina nel sangue è estremamente importante per gravi lesioni e gravi ustioni: il dolore si attenua, qualunque esso sia, aumentando il tempo per aiutare. Quando il pericolo è passato e l'adrenalina è tornata alla normalità, una persona inizia a sentire fame grave, appare affaticamento e le reazioni rallentano. Cosa si può sentire quando l'adrenalina viene rilasciata nel sangue? Al momento di un'ondata di ormoni, una persona inizia immediatamente a sentirsi in qualche modo strana e insolita. Il cuore di qualcuno inizia a battere furiosamente, la respirazione accelera, a volte c'è una forte ondulazione nell'area del tempio. Altri saliva liberamente e appare un gusto insolito in bocca. Molti aumenti della sudorazione, questo è particolarmente evidente sui palmi delle mani, le gambe cessano di obbedire. In ogni caso, questi cambiamenti sono reversibili.. Vale la pena sapere che, dopo l'eccitazione, si verifica immediatamente la frenata. Una persona inizia a sentirsi vuota e letargica. Maggiore è l'influenza dell'ormone, più lunga è la sensazione di inibizione. Pro e contro dell'adrenalina per il corpo umano Il vantaggio si percepisce se i suoi indicatori aumentano solo in rari casi e non su base continuativa. Al fine di non infliggere un duro colpo al corpo, l'azione dell'ormone è di breve durata e in una situazione ordinaria, letteralmente dopo 5 minuti, la sua quantità rientra nell
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, consumption, and prices for individual states? - Does EIA publish coking coal prices? - Does EIA publish electric utility rate, tariff, and demand charge data? - Does EIA publish inflation-adjusted gasoline prices? - Does EIA publish off-road diesel fuel prices? - How do I calculate diesel fuel surcharges? - How much does it cost to generate electricity with different types of power plants? - How much does it cost to produce crude oil and natural gas? - What was the highest U.S. average retail price of regular gasoline? - What's up (and down) with gasoline prices? - Where can I find out about energy-related grants or tax credits for my home or business? - Where can I get help paying my utility bills? - Who do I contact to complain about high energy prices? - Why am I being charged more for propane than the price on EIA's website? - Why are the retail pump prices for gasoline and diesel fuel in increments of 0.9 cents? - Why don't fuel prices change as quickly as crude oil prices? - Why has diesel fuel been more expensive than gasoline? - Why is the United States exporting gasoline when prices are so high? - How much tax do we pay on a gallon of gasoline and diesel fuel? - What are the differences between various types of crude oil prices? - What are the different coal prices published by EIA? - What can I expect to pay for heating this winter? - What do I pay for in a gallon of regular gasoline? - What is the outlook for gasoline prices for 2014 and for 2015? - What is the outlook for home heating fuel prices this winter? 央视网消息:洪都拉斯学者在接受总台记者采访时表示,一个中国原则是国际社会普遍共识,也就有法律效力。 洪都拉斯何塞·塞西略·德尔巴列大学校长 胡里奥·劳达莱斯:(一个中国原则)从国际社会的角度看是具有法律效力的,中国是联合国安理会五个常任理事国之一,是联合国各机构的成员,是世界银行和美洲开发银行的成员,还有许多个人和公共机构都承认首都位于北京的中华人民共和国是代表全中国的唯一合法政府。如今包括洪都拉斯在内的182个国家都承认中国是唯一的,(台湾)是中国领土不可分割的一部分。我对中国的第一印象是非常积极的,尤其是工业和商业的发达程度(令我印象深刻),中国在消除贫困方面也取得了很大成就。 Külliyelerdeki Yapılar İnsanların Hangi İhtiyaçlarını Karşılamaları İçin Yapılmıştır? Bu yazımızda külliyelerdeki yapılar insanların hangi ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaları için yapılmıştır kısaca olarak bilgi aktaracağız. Külliyeler, mahalle merkezlerinde bulunan sosyal alanlar olarak insanların çeşitli hizmetlerden ve imkanlardan yararlandığı çok kapsamlı yerlerdir. Külliyeler, birçok hizmet binasının bir arada bulunmasıyla oluşur. Külliye kavramı vakıf hizmetleri ve hayrat yapma anlayışının ürünü olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Külliyeler insanların sosyal hayatta ihtiyacı olan her şeyin karşılandığı yerlerdir. Külliyelerde, cami, medrese, aşevi, şifa evi, han, hamam, tekke, zaviye, çarşı, kervansaray gibi yerler bulunur. Külliyeler insanların şu ihtiyaçlarını karşılar: *Yeme, içme, giyinme ve barınma ihtiyacını karşılar. *Sosyalleşme ihtiyacını karşılar. *Sağlık, eğitim, adalet gibi hizmet ihtiyaçlarını karşılar. *İbadet ihtiyaçlarını karşılar. *Ticaret ihtiyaçlarını karşılar. *Ekonomik ihtiyaçlarını karşılar. Külliyeler insanların toplumla ilişkiler kurduğu en sosyal alanlar olarak şehir merkezlerinde yer almaktaydı. Crea cornici di cartone senza cereali (gratis)! Un'idea semplice è talvolta la migliore. Qui, mostro come realizzare cornici per qualsiasi delle stampe che potresti voler mostrare, mostrare o semplicemente avere sulla tua scrivania o cassettone. Immagini, non importa quanto ci piacciano, dopo un po 'tendono a diventare passe'. Quindi perché spendere un sacco di soldi per i frame che potrebbero essere usati meglio altrove? Raccogli un po 'di cartone, le scatole di cereali tipo sono fatte, prendi i tuoi strumenti e crea i tuoi telai! Passaggio 1: materiali e strumenti sottoposti a scansione o riutilizzati Salva scatole di cereali e altri tipi di pacchi che hanno un'ampia superficie. In questo istruttivo vengono utilizzate scatole di cereali e del cartone rigido proveniente da altri materiali di imballaggio. Sono inoltre necessari strumenti regolari di taglio, marcatura, disegno e pittura. È inoltre necessaria una colla di buona qualità. Passaggio 2: tagliare il cartone in base alle dimensioni Uso forbici, taglierini e uno strumento preferito, il tagliabordi. Prima fai un taglio quadrato su un bordo, ruota il calcio in modo che questo bordo sia ad angolo retto rispetto alla lama e fai un altro taglio. Ora taglia il bianco a misura, usando il tagliabordi. Questo può essere fatto anche con un bordo dritto e un taglierino per coltelli / scatole. Le stampe che ho incorniciato sono 4x6 o 5x7. Decido quanto largo deve essere il riquadro, quindi lo aggiungo alla dimensione della stampa. Un 4x6 potrebbe usare uno spazio vuoto di 6x8 e ciò consentirebbe una larghezza del telaio di 1 pollice. Ma varia tutte le dimensioni come meglio credi. Passaggio 3: ritagliare l'area dell'immagine Segna e ritaglia un'apertura per l'immagine, a seconda delle dimensioni della tua stampa. Se si tratta di un 4x6, eseguire l'apertura 3 7 / 8th x 5 7 / 8th. In questo modo, parte della cornice si sovrapporrà alla stampa. Passaggio 4: Taglia una fodera interna se lo desideri Un semplice pezzo di cartoncino bianco viene tagliato per essere utilizzato come rivestimento per il telaio. Questo mette in risalto le foto. Disporre le dimensioni desiderate e tagliare in modo pulito con un tronchese per scatole o un coltello artigianale. Questa fodera si inserisce sul retro del telaio stesso ed è incollata inserendo piccoli tocchi in ogni angolo e premendo fino a quando non è impostata. Passaggio 5: dipingere o decorare la cornice La maggior parte delle stampe qui sono state appena dipinte con colori acrilici, a cominciare da un buon strato primo. È possibile utilizzare carta decorativa, stoffa, adesivi, forniture per album, ecc. Per decorare e abbellire le cornici. Passaggio 6: colla o nastro adesivo in posizione Solo un po 'di colla in quattro angoli manterrà sufficientemente la stampa. Ho scoperto che il nastro si allenta nel tempo, quindi ho scelto di usare la colla. Se non si utilizza troppo, è possibile eliminare le stampe se si desidera modificarle. Step 7: Crea Back Board con lo stesso materiale Taglia un altro pezzo di cartone per fungere da supporto. Incollalo sulla cornice a sandwich, sulla fodera e sulla foto. Se lo si desidera, un pezzo di plastica trasparente proveniente da alcuni materiali di imballaggio può essere utilizzato come faccia in vetro. Ho trovato questo inutile comunque. Passaggio 8: crea un pezzo per la tua foto Seguendo le immagini, tagliare un pezzo di cartone più pesante nella forma mostrata. Per questa forma, pensa a una cravatta. Fai un taglio poco profondo all'estremità del supporto, circa 3/4 di pollice dentro e piega il cartone. Incollalo sulla scheda di supporto e avrai un supporto adatto per lo schermo del desktop. Questo non è necessario, ovviamente, se vuoi semplicemente appendere le foto sul muro. سه انتصاب جدید در شهرداری تهران به گزارش خبرآنلاین به نقل از شهرنوشت، سیدمحمد علی افشانی با اشاره به سوابق کاری پیروز حناچی، او را به عنوان معاون معماری و شهرسازی و ایرج معزی را به عنوان معاونت فنی و عمران شهرداری تهران منصوب کرد. همچنین در این جلسه سید علی اسماعیلی نیز به سمت مدیر کل حوزه شهردار منصوب شد. ۴۲۲۳۸ منبع: سایت خبرآنلاین History of Plank Toll Roads on the Illinois River Before the construction of railroads, people traveled on either dirt trails or plank roads. Plank roads were big business in Illinois in the 1840s and by 1851 there were over 600 miles of these toll roads in the state. Advertisements pictured plank roads as the "farmer's road" or the "poor man's road." In 1849 the Illinois legislature passed the Plank Road Bill of Enactment and amendments to regulate the quantity and quality of plank roads. It spelled out how owners of the roads could acquire land and right of way, how they could use parts of county and state roads, and how to protect their investments from vandalism and evasion of tolls by users. Companies were started by adventurous entrepeneurs who built and developed the frontier. Plank roads had a brief life before being made obsolete by the building of the railroads in 1860. The local plank roads along the Illinois River were the Rushville to Frederick Road, the Canton to Liverpool Road, and the Beardstown to Bluffs City Road. About Us "Deneyim, doğru çözüme hızlı ulaşmamızı sağlar" Biz diye başlayan cümlelerimizde, deneyim kelimesi mutlaka kendine bir yer bulur. Çünkü her topluluk, "toplam bir yetenek, zeka ve yaratıcılık" ölçüsüne sahiptir. Tabir-i Caiz)in takım olarak sahip olduğu en temel değer "deneyim"dir. Marka kavramı, mecra yapıları, insanların algı biçimleri ve tüm ekonomi süreçleri son birkaç yılda değişti. Kısa zamanda yeni markaların inşa edildiği veya yok olduğu "sınırsız seçenekler çağında", biz deneyim ile yeni bakış açılarının gücünü birleştiriyoruz. Business size 26-100 employees Julieta geçmişini geride bırakıp 50'li yaşlarını daha farklı ve huzurlu geçirmek adına yeni bir başlangıç yaparak, sevdiği adamla birlikte farklı bir ... Yönetmen: Pedro Almodóvar Oyuncular: Emma Suárez, Adriana Ugarte, Daniel Grao, Inma Cuesta Bu anime kadar güzeli yok harika bir film aga bee efsane bitti Filim Çok Güzel Spoiler vermeyeyim 10 üzeirnden 6.5 puan veriyom izlerseniz p... mükemmel Ahmed Mohamed is now a 14-year-old with a national following and a long list of powerful people on his calling card. After he was arrested for bringing a homemade clock to school to impress his teachers, the ninth-grader has become symbolic of the worst skeletons in America’s closet: growing hysteria and over-criminalization in American schools, Islamophobia and racism. As the news of Mohamed’s plight spread, some of the earliest accounts associated the teen, who is of Sudanese descent, with the word “brown,” a fuzzy bit of racial jargon that typically refers to non-black people of South Asian or sometimes Latin American descent. But Mohamed’s racial identity is as complex as the country of his descent. The African nation of Sudan is predominantly Muslim and is comprised of some 600 ethnicities. Arabs and indigenous Africans have intermarried and mixed there for centuries and most speak Arabic. To wit, the phrase given to the region now inhabited by Islamic people in Africa, which includes modern-day Sudan, is “Bilad al-Sudan” and it means literally “the land of negroes” or “the land of blacks.” Further complicating the situation is the fact that high-profile praise came from such figures as Indian American comedian Aziz Ansari, who compared his own experience to Mohamed’s. “#IStandWithAhmed cause I was once a brown kid in the south too,” Ansari wrote on Twitter. Anil Dash, a tech entrepreneur of Indian descent, who was among the first to publicize Mohamed’s story to his more than half-a-million followers, told The Washington Post that he was struck by the teen’s story simply because he saw himself in the “skinny brown kid.” “My identification was literally: I physically looked similar. I had the same glasses and I was skinny. It was on a purely physical level,” Dash acknowledged. Dash reached out to Mohamed’s family and counseled them on how to cope with the impending deluge of media attention. He cautioned them to change their passwords, create a Twitter account. Dash was the first to tweet out the now-infamous photo of Mohamed handcuffed in his faded NASA T-shirt. But Dash said that he actually doesn’t know whether Mohamed or his family identify as black. But they have been clear from the beginning that their religious identity is an important — if not the most important — factor in the 14-year-old’s treatment by the school and police. Online, another discussion brewed. Did the repetitious association of Mohamed with the term “brown” erase his blackness and render it irrelevant to his experience as an American Muslim of African descent? “The issue of race in America, especially when it comes to Sudanese Americans, is complex,” added Dawud Walid, executive director of the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Michigan, who also weighed in on the debate on Twitter. “There’s a misunderstanding among many people about what Arabness means. Arabness and blackness are not mutually exclusive, just like being Latino and black are not mutually exclusive. “That’s a part of his identity. Someone like Ahmed can be equally American, Muslim, Arab and black,” he noted. But what does “brown” even mean? The answer depends on who you ask. According to Dash, it is a “loving inside version of people’s color,” that is in some way pan-ethnic in nature. It applies unevenly to Asian, North African, Middle Eastern and Hispanic people. But he recognizes that in America, it is rarely used to describe black people. “Most of my black friends that I talk to about my identify say ‘brown is not me,’ which I totally get,” Dash said. “Being black is a unique thing in this country.” And according to Walid, a Muslim and African American who says he is often mistaken for being Sudanese, the term “brown” also rarely describes people from Sub-Saharan Africa. (Sudan is sometimes referred to as a North African country because like other countries in the region, it is predominantly Islamic and Arab-speaking. But it is also sometimes referred to as a Sub-Saharan African country or a North East African Nation.) “It’s not simple, but definitely brownness is not conferred to Sub-Saharan Africans,” Walid said. “That term, brown, is predominantly used for people who are non-white, whose heritage comes from Latin America or South Asia and perhaps North Africa. But Sub-Saharan Africans period are not referred to as ‘brown.’ “Most Sudanese Americans who are walking the streets in Western-style clothing are indistinguishable from African Americans,” he added. If the debate has smacked of racial policing, as some have suggested, it shouldn’t, according to Hind Makki, a Sudanese American who has also pushed for people to be more “precise” when referring to Mohamed and his family. “When people discuss Islamophobia, Muslims are racialized into this amorphous ‘brown,’ ” Makki noted. “If you’re from Africa, [being black] is a huge part of Muslim history. Even in the U.S. overall, a third of American Muslims are of African descent. “To erase that or to say that it’s really not important — that Muslims should be fine with being described as a generic brown — I don’t think that
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مرحله از اردو تا 25 فروردین ماه ادامه خواهد داشت. حسین ملکی سرمربی کایاک، الیاس اقلیمی سرمربی کانوکانادایی و رحیم برادری سرپرست اردو کادر فنی تیم را تشکیل می دهند. پیمان قویدل، صادق زمانی، علی آقامیرزائی و محمدرضا صیاد مومن از گیلان، علی مولائی و علیرضا جهان نما از تهران، محمد طاهر افشار از کرمانشاه، احمدرضا طالبیان از اصفهان، امید احمدی از زنجان و امین بوداغی از مازندران نفرات دعوت شده در بخش کایاک و عادل مجللی از گلستان، عرفان زنده پی از بوشهر، شاهو ناصری و زانا صاعدی از کردستان و علی اجاقی از کرمانشاه در بخش کانوکانادایی نفرات دعوت شده به این مرحله از اردو هستند. The Identification of Online Strategy Learning Results While Students Learn from Home During the Disruption of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, 2021, Volume 27, Issue 2, Pages 1950-1956 AbstractThis study aimed to identify a strategic learning approach to support student learning development from home, resulting from school closures policy due to the disruption of the COVID-19. Many studies have shown that learning success at home during a pandemic is closely related to students' learning outcome orientation strategies. To understand what approach can support this learning, we have reviewed various related literature. After the review completed, in-depth analysis and interpretation were with a descriptive design on pedagogical competence, motivation, materials, methods, and evaluation of success. Connected with teaching experiences, theories, and student learning realities from home so far, finally, we can identify efforts to develop strategic designs to support student learning from home as follows: 1) learning mindset and ownership, 2) situational awareness, 3) vision and learning innovation, 4) collaborative learning, 5) critical thinking skills, 6, 7) high commitment, 8) new learning skills, 9) knowledge resources, 10) independent learning management, 11) academic competency innovation, and 12) learning balance. These findings are valid and reliable because they have answered the research question. Therefore, these findings can serve as a relevant solution to support students learning from home while waiting for schools to reopen. - Bakia, M., Shear, L., Toyama, Y., & Lasseter, A. (2012). Understanding the Implications of Online Learning for Educational Productivity. Office of Educational Technology, US Department of Education. - Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to online education in schools during a SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), 1–9 - Brammer, S., & Clark, T. (2020). COVID-19 and Management Education: Reflections on Challenges, Opportunities, and Potential Futures. British Journal of Management, 31(3), 453–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12425 - Chick, R.C., Clifton, G.T., Peace, K.M., Propper, B.W., Hale, D.F., Alseidi, A.A., & Vreeland, T.J. (2020). Using Technology to Maintain the Education of Residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Surgical Education, 77(4), 729–732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.03.018 - Creswell, J.W., & Poth, C.N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications. - Favale, T., Soro, F., Trevisan, M., Drago, I., & Mellia, M. (2020). Campus Traffic and e-Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic. Computer Networks, 176, 107290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107290 - Ferdig, R.E., Baumgartner, E., Hartshorne, R., Kaplan-Rakowski, R., & Mouza, C. (2020). Teaching, Technology, and Teacher Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Stories from the Field. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). https://www.learntechlib.org/p/216903/ - Fossey, E., Harvey, C., McDermott, F., & Davidson, L. (2002). Understanding and evaluating qualitative research. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36(6), 717-732. - Garbe, A., Ogurlu, U., Logan, N., & Cook, P. (2020). Parents’ Experiences with Remote Education during COVID-19 School Closures. American Journal of Qualitative Research, 4(3), 45–65. https://doi.org/10.29333/ajqr/8471 - Iivari, N., Sharma, S., & Ventä-Olkkonen, L. (2020). Digital transformation of everyday life–How COVID-19 pandemic transformed the basic education of the young generation and why information management research should care? International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102183 - Khan, N., & Naushad, M. (2020). Effects of Corona Virus on the World Community (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 3532001). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3532001 - Lancker, W.V., & Parolin, Z. (2020). COVID-19, school closures, and child poverty: A social crisis in the making. The Lancet Public Health, 5(5), e243–e244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30084-0 - Powers, J.J., & Duys, D. (2020). Toward Trauma-Informed Career Counseling. The Career Development Quarterly, 68(2), 173–185. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12221 - Purwanto, A., Asbari, M., Fahlevi, M., Mufid, A., Agistiawati, E., Cahyono, Y., & Suryani, P. (2020). Impact of Work From Home (WFH) on Indonesian Teachers Performance During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(5), 6235–6244. - Putra, P., Liriwati, F.Y., Tahrim, T., Syafrudin, S., & Aslan, A. (2020). The Students Learning from Home Experiences during Covid-19 School Closures Policy In Indonesia. Jurnal Iqra’ : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(2), 30–42. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v5i2.1019 - Rahiem, M.D.H. (2020). The Emergency Remote Learning Experience of University Students in Indonesia amidst the COVID-19 Crisis. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 19(6), 1-26. http://ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/view/2368 - Aliyyah, R.R., Rachmadtullah, R., Samsudin, A., Syaodih, E., Nurtanto, M., & Tambunan, A.R.S. (2020). The perceptions of primary school teachers of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic period: A case study in Indonesia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 7(2), 90-109. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED606349 - Reimers, F., Schleicher, A., Saavedra, J., & Tuominen, S. (2020). Supporting the continuation of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Oecd, 1(1), 1-38. - Sanders, A.J.P., Ford, R.M., Keenan, R.J., & Larson, A.M. (2020). Learning through practice? Learning from the REDD+ demonstration project, Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership (KFCP) in Indonesia. Land Use Policy, 91, 104285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104285 - Stedman, M., Davies, M., Lunt, M., Verma, A., Anderson, S.G., & Heald, A.H. (2020). A phased approach to unlocking during the COVID-19 pandemic—Lessons from trend analysis. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 74(8), e13528. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13528 - Viner, R.M., Russell, S.J., Croker, H., Packer, J., Ward, J., Stansfield, C., Mytton, O., Bonell, C., & Booy, R. (2020). School closure and management practices during coronavirus outbreaks including COVID-19: A rapid systematic review. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 397–404. - Wang, C., Cheng, Z., Yue, X.G., & McAleer, M. (2020). Risk Management of COVID-19 by Universities in China. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 13(2), 1–6. - Wargadinata, W., Maimunah, I., Dewi, E., & Rofiq, Z. (2020). Student’s Responses on Learning in the Early COVID-19 Pandemic. Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan Dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 5(1), 141–153. - Zhang, Y., & Ma, Z.F. (2020). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local residents in Liaoning Province, China: A cross-sectional study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(7), 2381. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072381 - Zhou, L., Wu, S., Zhou, M., & Li, F. (2020). 'School’s Out, But Class’ On’, The Largest Online Education in the World Today: Taking China’s Practical Exploration During The COVID-19 Epidemic Prevention and Control As an Example (SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 3555520). Social Science Research Network, 4(2), 501-519. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3555520 - Article View: 717 - PDF Download: 325 The role of natural killer (NK) cells in reproductive failure has been investigated extensively, but the topic remains controversial and poorly understood. NK cells are known to play an important protective role in cancer and infection, but the implications of high NK cell levels have not been studied with respect to these diseases. This study aimed to identify any differences in reproductive outcomes as well as general health and disease between women with high and normal NK cell parameters. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, occurring in 30% of pregnancies. Although the mechanism is unclear, several interrelated factors appear to increase the risk of spontaneous miscarriages, including higher luteinising hormone levels, obesity, hyperandrogenisation, insulin resistance and infertility treatments. Few topics in recent reproductive medicine have been the subject of as much controversy, media attention and passionate debate as natural killer (NK) cells and their role in reproductive failure. The question of whether elevated NK cell levels are a cause of infertility and pregnancy loss, and whether they provide a potential target for therapy to improve reproductive outcomes, lacks a definitive answer. It is clear, however, that a significant number of women with reproductive failure have abnormal NK cell parameters reflecting high immunological activity. Amongst all the debate, the wider implications of NK cell overactivity – and attempts to suppress it – have not yet been considered. The literature suggests that although elevated NK cell activity may not be conducive to reproduction, it could in fact be beneficial in other areas of health and disease such as cancer and infection. Further research is needed to determine whether this hypothesis holds true in women with NK cell-related reproductive failure. Luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation in IVF cycles has been a debated topic for many years [1-4]. Whilst follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) alone achieves adequate ovarian stimulation it is still possible that, in some circumstances, better results could be achieved with a combined approach. Natural killer cell testing is currently practised widely, and there are studies indicating potential benefit in terms of targeting women with repeated reproductive failure for immune therapy. This may be a better approach than empirical immune therapy without any investigation. More and better studies are needed before such an approach can be fully endorsed. In this retrospective study, between 2008 and 2013, couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage (≥3 first trimester miscarriages) were investigated comprehensively for known causes (karyotype, uterine, antiphospholipid syndrome, thrombophilia) and also by semen analysis, including DNA fragmentation [sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA)]. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS software with significance taken as P < 0.05. 原标题:闽东子弟兵“养伤来在沙家浜” 阳澄湖张家浜战斗纪念碑 吴立夏故里纪念碑 新四军阳澄湖后方医院 家喻户晓的苏州“沙家浜”36名伤病员中,有34人是来自闽东的优秀儿女。1938年前后,新四军奉命东进开辟根据地,当中的三支队六团是由坚持敌后三年游击战争的原闽东红军游击队组建而成的。为了防止国民党顽固派寻找借口破坏东进,陈毅决定让六团与当地受共产党影响的地方武装“江南抗日义勇军”(简称“江抗”)会合,并采用“江抗”名义东进。 “36位伤病员”由来 1939年5月1日,新四军六团团长叶飞奉命率部从茅山地区出发东进,先后通过黄土塘遭遇战、夜袭浒墅关火车站、火烧虹桥飞机场等战斗,打击了日伪的嚣张气焰。7月,六团在江苏武进南部的戴溪桥与江南抗日义勇军第二路军会合,成立“江抗”总指挥部。 “江抗”副总指挥叶飞率“江抗”二路1000多人到达无锡梅村后,中共江南特委派宫岳(翁迪民)向叶飞、林枫汇报工作。叶飞派“江抗”二路三营营长梁金华率部(100多名战士)随宫岳进入阳澄湖地区。此后,“江抗”二路部分队伍战斗、活动于阳澄湖地区,至10月初奉命西撤。 由于国民党顽固派寻衅滋事,“江抗”奉命西撤时,在沪宁路东阳澄湖畔留下一批伤病员,组成一个临时的新四军后方医院,由刘飞(“江抗”政治部主任)负责。夜袭上海虹桥飞机场一役中,刘飞被反弹回来的弹片击断了右胸几根肋骨。 那时,“江抗”第五路军参谋长夏光因连续作战彻夜不眠,导致本来身体就单薄的他体力不支而病倒,上级决定让他暂时前往阳澄湖畔的新四军后方医院休养。夏光便衣化装,只带了一名通讯员,通过“忠义救国军”的控制区,来到了三面环水的阳澄湖中的莲花垛(今苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇消泾村)上,与刘飞等战友会合。 没过几天,人称“吴老虎”的吴立夏(霞浦县水门乡小竹湾村大湾自然村人),“双枪大将”叶诚忠排长(周宁县玛坑乡东坑村人)也先后身受重伤,被送到了这所后方医院。 就这样,后方医院的新四军伤病员由原先的32位增至36人。后方医院在群众的掩护下,为避开日、伪、顽的追捕,分散隐蔽于芦滩、芦荡中。有一天,湖水猛涨,激流冲走了一位伤病员,夏光紧急召开会议,对伤病员进行姓名登记,并组织轻伤员巡逻放哨。之后进进出出后方医院的伤病员未登记计数,直至1939年11月6日正式成立“新江抗”,由痊愈的伤病员组建成一个特务连时,历史记载仍以第一次登记的36人为准。 “迷宫”中的医院 苏州境内湖荡密布,尤以东部阳澄湖地区为多,500亩面积以上的湖泊共有34个,总计面积1825平方公里。阳澄湖跨吴县、昆山两县,北面毗邻常熟。沿湖有十多个乡镇。湖内有两条东北
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tatil sezonu atmosferini içinize çekin. Bu keyifli açık hava pazarlarında eski moda Noel süsleri ve içecekler bulunur. Küçük ahşap dağ evlerindeki satıcılar, el yapımı Noel ağacı süsleri, zencefilli kurabiye ve tatil hediyeleri gibi el yapımı ürünler satarlar. Marchés de Noël Aralık ayında gerçekleşir ve bazıları Kasım ayının sonunda başlar. Marché de Noël Notre-Dame de Paris, Aralık ayı ortasında Notre-Dame Katedrali'nin yanındaki Square René Viviani'de düzenleniyor. Pazar, yerli halka ve turistlere mücevher, cüzdan, sofra takımı ve bölgesel gastronomik ürünler gibi el sanatları satan tezgahlara göz atma şansı veriyor. Turistler, Marché de Noël Saint-Germain-des-Prés'in büyülü Noel dekoruna bayılacaklar. Bu pazar, 1 Aralık - 6 Ocak tarihleri arasında Felix Desruelles Meydanı'nda Eglise Saint-Germain-des-Prés'in önünde ve Parislilerin turistler kadar sevdiği iki efsanevi kafe olan Café de Flore ve Les Deux Magots'un yakınında gerçekleşir. Pazarı gezdikten sonra kiliseyi ziyaret edebilir veya kafelerden birinde durabilirsiniz. En cazip Noel pazarı, Aralık ayının başından Ocak ayının ilk haftasına kadar, Paris'in kalbindeki zarif bir meydan olan Place Vendôme'de kurulur. Le Chalet de Noël du Ritz Paris, tatilcileri meydanın ortasındaki büyüleyici bir ahşap dağ evinde satılan gurme lezzetler ile memnun ediyor. Dağ evinde elmalı turta, zencefilli kek ve fındıklı pralin dolgulu puf böreği gibi klasik Noel tatlıları sunulmaktadır. Tatlılar, Ritz otelin pasta şefi tarafından hazırlanmaktadır. Jardin des Tuileries'deki Marché de Noël, geleneksel bir Noel pazarından çok bir panayır alanına benziyor. Kasım ayının sonundan Ocak ayının başlarına kadar düzenlenen bu etkinlikte Noel hediye pazarı, çocuklar için oyuncaklar ve oyunlar, tatil ikramları ve tadımları ve küçük bir buz pateni pisti yer alıyor. Paris'in şirin kafeleri ve eski tarz bistroları, sıcak bir yemek odası ve doyurucu bir yemek aradığınız kış aylarında daha da çekicidir. Sezon dışı dönemin bir diğer avantajı: Rezervasyon yaptırmak daha kolay! Ünlü bistro L'Ami Louis genellikle rezerve edilir, ancak kışın masa bulma şansınız daha yüksektir. Lezzetli klasik Fransız mutfağı ve rahat yemek odası, onu dolambaçlı bir yol haline getiriyor. Birçok insan kızarmış tavuk hakkında övünüyor. Latin Mahallesi'ndeki ünlü Shakespeare and Company İngilizce kitapçısı (37 Rue de la Bûcherie) kışın ziyaret edilebilecek eğlenceli bir yerdir. Küçük ama davetkar bir kapalı yemek alanına sahip kitapçının kafesinde mutlaka uğrayın. Ayrıca kitapçının üst kattaki salonunda bir kitap okuma veya başka bir etkinliğe katılma şansınız olabilir. Gerçekten klasik bir Fransız bistro deneyimi için, 6. bölgede Rue du Cherche-Midi'de Joséphine Chez Dumonet'i (Pazartesiden Cumaya kadar açık) deneyin. Restoran, beyaz masa örtüleri ile kaplı küçük masalar içeren samimi bir ahşap panelli yemek salonunda geleneksel Fransız yemekleri sunmaktadır. Menünün öne çıkanları arasında, kışın en çok tüketilen Boeuf Bouguignon (Bordo Beef) ve Omelette aux Truffes (Truffle Omlet) gibi zengin yemekler yer alıyor. Restoran ayrıca Soufflé au Grand Marnier ile ünlüdür.Başka bir eski tarz Fransız bistrosu olan Chez Georges, loş aydınlatma ve beyaz masa örtüleri ile büyüleyici bir ortam sunuyor. Birçok Paris bistrosu gibi yemek odası oldukça kompakttır. Duvarlardaki büyük aynalar, daha geniş bir alan görünümü veriyor, ancak sıkı bir şekilde paketlenmiş masalar, ortak yemek izlenimi veriyor. Geleneksel Fransız yemekleri ile tanınan (Sole Meunière ve Steak Frites gibi), Chez George'un Julia Child'ın Paris'teki favori restoranı olduğu söylenir. 7. bölgede bulunan La Fontaine de Mars (129 Rue Saint-Dominique), ilginç bir ortamda muhteşem yemekler sunmaktadır. Bu sevimli bistro 1908'e kadar uzanıyor ve eski Başkan Barack Obama (2009'da burada yemek yiyen) dahil olmak üzere seçkin konuklara hizmet etti. La Fontaine de Mars, mevsimlik yemek pişirme ve ördek confit ve cassoulet gibi yemekleri içeren Fransa'nın Güneybatı bölgesinin mutfağında uzmanlaşmıştır. Ayrıca Eyfel Kulesi yakınlarındaki 7. bölgede yer alan ünlü L'Ami Jean, ahşap paneller ve sıkışık bir yemek alanına kümelenmiş küçük masaları ile tipik bir Paris bistro hissine sahiptir. Menüde közlenmiş güvercin ve dana yahnisi gibi klasik Fransız yemekleri yer almaktadır. Serin bir kış gününde, Paris'in güzel bir yerinde açık havada paten kaymaktan daha canlandırıcı bir şey yoktur. Turistler birkaç açık hava pateni pisti arasından seçim yapabilir. Aralık ortasından Şubat ayına kadar, büyüleyici Le Marais semtinde (4. bölge) görkemli Neo-Rönesans tarzı bir bina olan Hôtel de Ville'in (Belediye Binası) yanında bir açık hava buz pateni pisti bulunur. Eyfel Kulesi'nin birinci katındaki açık hava buz pateni pisti, muhteşem ortamı ve muhteşem şehir manzarası ile sizi memnun edecek. Eyfel Kulesi buz pateni pisti, tatil sezonunda Şubat ortasına kadar açıktır.Buz pateni yapmak için başka bir heyecan verici yer, Paris'in iş bölgesindeki (La Défense mahallesi) Grande Arche de la Défense'dir. Aralık ortasından Ocak başına kadar, bu modern zafer takı çatısında 110 metrelik baş döndürücü yükseklikte bir buz pateni pisti bulunur. Toplanın ve buz pateni pistinde süzülürken Paris'in nefes kesici manzaralarına hayran kalmaya hazırlanın. 1900 yılındaki Evrensel Sergi için inşa edilmiş görkemli bir Belle Epoque anıtı olan Grand Palais'in muazzam cam kubbesinin altında Paris'te muhteşem bir buz pateni mekanı kurulmuştur. Le Grand Palais des Glaces buz pateni pisti dünyanın en büyük buz pateni pisti olma iddiasını elinde tutmaktadır. buz pateni pisti. Grand Palais buz pateni pisti, binlerce ışıkla aydınlatıldığı hem gündüz hem de akşam Aralık ayının ortasından Ocak ayının başına kadar açıktır. Aralık ayı boyunca ziyaret ediyorsanız, şenlikli Noel ışıklarının muhteşem gösterileriyle karşılaşacaksınız. Les aydınlatmalar de Noël (Noel aydınlatmaları), Paris'in görkemli anıtlarını ve büyük bulvarlarını süsleyerek şehre büyülü bir ambiyans verir. Büyük mağazaların çoğu ve şehrin birçok küçük butiği de tatil dekorasyonlarına sahiptir. Özellikle abartılı Noel süslerine sahip Champs-Élysées'de (8. bölgede) bir gezintiye çıktığınızdan emin olun. Bu zarif caddeyi çevreleyen ağaçları binlerce ampul aydınlatıyor. Yakındaki Avenue Montaigne, modaya uygun Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré (8. bölgede) ve Place Vendôme (1. bölgede) ayrıca görkemli Noel aydınlatmalarıyla bilinir. Galeries Lafayette mağazası, tatil sezonunda muhteşem vitrinlerin yanı sıra mağazanın içinde muazzam bir Noel ağacı da dahil olmak üzere muhteşem bir dekor sunar. Printemps Haussmann departmanı, bir İsviçre dağ evi veya karlı Paris çatıları gibi minyatür sahnelerle Noel için büyüleyici vitrinler sunar. Kış, Angelina'da (226 Rue de Rivoli) zengin sıcak çikolatanın tadını çıkarmak için en iyi zamandır. Angelina, Nijerya, Gana ve Fildişi Sahili'nden elde edilen kakao kullanılarak hazırlanan, çökmekte olan "L'Africain" Chocolat chaud'uyla ünlüdür. Bu ayırt edici, ultra kalın sıcak çikolata, çırpılmış krema ile servis edilir. Rafine deneyime ek olarak Angelina, Belle Epoque çay salonunda yemek yemenin zarafetini sunuyor. Paris'te chocolat chaud a l'ancienne (geleneksel tarzda sıcak çikolata) sunan diğer kuruluşlar şunlardır: Champs-Élysées veya Rue Bonaparte'de Ladurée, Rue Saint-Honoré'de Jean-Paul Hévin Chocolatier, Rue de Vaugirard'da Café Pavane ve Jardin du Luxembourg yakınlarındaki Rue Madame'de ekmek ve güller. Alışverişi seviyorsanız, Ocak ayı "Les Soldes" (Satış) sırasında Paris'i ziyaret etmek için harika bir zaman. Yeni yılın ikinci haftasından itibaren butikler ve büyük mağazalar ürünlerde önemli indirimler sunuyor. Alışveriş yapanlar, orijinal fiyatlarda yüzde 70'e varan indirimlerle, üst düzey markalarda bile inanılmaz indirimler bulabilirler.Les Soldes alışveriş turunuza, 9. bölgede, Printemps veya Boulevard Haussmann'daki Galeries Lafayette gibi büyük mağazalardan birinde başlayın. Bir başka lüks alışveriş merkezi, 7. bölgede, Rue de Sèvres üzerinde, yüksek stil ve tasarımcı kıyafetlerinin yanı sıra gurme bakkalıyla tanınan Le Bon Marché'dir. Alışverişkolikler, alışveriş merkezlerinin ötesini keşfetmeye devam etmek isteyeceklerdir. Paris'in ilginç butiklerinde son moda ayakkabılardan güzel takılara ve sevimli çocuk oyuncaklarına kadar herkes için bir şeyler var. Paris'te butik alışveriş için en iyi caddelerden bazıları, Le Bon Marché yakınlarındaki Rue de Sèvres, 6. bölgede bulunan Rue du Cherche-Midi ve Boulevard Saint-Germain-des-Prés ve Rue de Seine in çevresindeki bölgedir. 6. bölge. Tasarımcı kıyafetleri için 8. bölgedeki Avenue Montaigne'ye ve 1. bölgedeki Rue Saint-Honoré'ye gidin. Rafine 1. bölgede alışveriş yaparken, Angelina çay salonunda sıcak çikolata için mola verdiğinizden emin olun. Orta Çağ'dan kalma Arnavut kaldırımlı sokakları ve Rennaisance saraylarıyla etkileyici bir semt olan Le Marais (3. bölge), özellikle Rue des Francs Bourgeois ve Rue de Sévigné'de yerel olarak sahip olunan küçük moda butikleri ile doludur. Alışverişe ara vermek istiyorsanız, öğle yemeği için gurme yemekler ve enfes hamur işleri ile ikindi çayı servis eden hoş bir çay salonu olan Mariage Frères'te (30 Rue du Bourg-Tibourg) ikindi çayının tadını çıkarın. 1. bölgedeki Place Vendôme, Cartier, Boucheron ve Van Cleef & Arpels gibi lüks mücevher butikleri ile çevrilidir. Bu bölgedeki mağazaları gezerken, dinlenme salonunda içecekler için Ritz Paris Hotel'e (15 Place Vendôme) doğru yürüyebilirsiniz. Durum için modaya uygun giyin. Ya da Ritz otelin rahat çağdaş tarzdaki pastane butiği Ritz Paris Le Comptoir'de (giriş 38 Rue Cambon'da) mola verin. Paris Moda Haftası Ocak ayı ortalarında gerçekleşir. Defileler genellikle yalnızca haute-couture ticaret profesyonellerine (moda tasarımcıları ve gazeteciler) açık olsa da, fiyatı ödemeye hazırsanız defile için bilet almak mümkündür. Birkaç hafta süren etkinlik, binlerce modaya uygun katılımcıyı Paris'e çekiyor ve bu da şehri bir cazibe duygusuyla parlatıyor. 级配碎石是由各种大小不同粒级集料组成的混合料,当其级配符合技术规范的规定时,称其为级配型集料。级配型集料包括级配碎石、级配碎砾石(碎石和砂砾的混合料,也常将砾石中的超尺寸颗粒砸碎后与砂砾一起组成碎砾石)和级配砾石(或称级配砂砾)。 粗、细碎石集料和石屑各占一定比例的混合料,当其颗粒组成符合密实级配要求时,称为级配碎石。级配碎石一般是由预先筛分成几个(如四个)大小不同粒级的碎石组配而成,也可用未筛分碎石和石屑组配成。未筛分碎石只控制最大粒径(仅过一个规定筛孔的筛)后,由碎石机轧制的未经筛分的碎石料。石屑指碎石场孔径5mm筛下的筛余料,其实际颗粒组成常为0—10mm,并具有良好的级配。缺乏石屑时,也可以添加细砂砾或粗砂,但其强度和稳定性不如添加石屑的级配碎石。也可以用颗粒组成合适的含细集料较多的砂砾与未筛分碎石配合成级配碎砾石。 级配碎石应用范围编辑 级配型集料可以用做沥青路面和水泥混凝土路面的基层和底基层,也可用做路基改善层。在排水良好的前提下,级配型集料可在不同气候区用于不同交通等级的道路上。在潮湿多雨地区使用级配型集料特别有利。 级配型集料用做路面的不同层次或用于路面中的不同位置,取决于材料本身的特性、材料的质量、气候条件、交通组成和交通量及每个国家、每个地区的使用经验。 级配碎石操作方法编辑 一般而言,在路面结构中使用级配集料有三种方法: 1在轻交通道路上用做路面或薄沥青面层下。几乎所有的国家都采用这种结构。 2在重交通道路上用在厚沥青面层下。在这种情况,可能有两种形式,一是施工质量很好的高质量的级配碎石,直接用在厚沥青面层下作为基层,另一种是施工质量略次的级配集料用于较深的位置,通常用于有结合料基层的下面。 3不少国家常将级配碎石用做沥青面与水硬性结合料处治基层之间的中间层,以减少水硬性结合料处治层反射到沥青面层上的干缩裂缝,即减轻反射裂缝,也有利于排除路面结构层中的水,减少甚至消除基层的冲刷现象。这种路面结构,又常称之为“倒装结构”。 使用级配型集料的两个决定性因素是施工质量和轴荷载。当这两个条件有利时,级配碎石即使在薄沥青面层或沥青表面处治下也会上作得很好。当轴荷载较重时,在某一交通水平以上,这种级配碎石基层上直接加铺薄沥青面层结构就不合适了。 级配碎石选购方法编辑 级配碎石质量控制 1、生产级配碎石用原材料质量应满足设计要求,并符合下列规定: (1)粒径大于1.7mm颗粒的磨耗率应不大于30%,硫酸钠溶液浸泡损失率应不大于6%; (2)粒径小于0.5mm的细颗粒的液限应不大于25%,塑性指数应小于6。 2、基床表层级配碎石应符合设计要求及下列要求: (1)级配碎石材料由开山块石、天然卵石或砂砾石经破碎筛选而成。 (2)级配碎石颗粒级配不均匀系数Cu不得小于15,0.02mm以下颗粒质量百分率不得大于3%,大于22.4mm的粗颗粒中带有破碎面的颗粒所占的质量百分率不应小于30%,不得含有黏土及其它杂质。 施工单位在级配碎石生产期间,每工班抽样检验1次粒径级配、黏土及其他杂质含量、大于22.4mm的粗颗粒中带有破碎面的颗粒含量。 3、路基过渡段级配碎石应符合设计要求及下列要求: 路基过渡段级配碎石填料粒径、级配及质量应符合设计要求。碎石颗粒中针状和片状碎石含量不大于20%;质软和易破碎的碎石含量不得超过10%。 施工单位每工班抽样检验1次颗粒级配、针状和片状碎石含量、质软和易破碎的碎石含量。 4、级配碎石出场前应进行最大干密度试验。 施工单位每5000 m3检验1次,当级配碎石材质发生变化或更换石场时应重新进行检验。 词条标签: Mirai僵尸网络解释:青少年诈骗者和闭路电视摄像机如何几乎让互联网瘫痪Mirai以一种简单而巧妙的方式利用了不安全的物联网设备。它扫描互联网的大块以寻找开放的Telnet端口,然后尝试登录默认密码,通过这种方式,它能够集结僵尸网络军队,2016年10月12日,大规模分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)攻击导致美国东海岸的大部分
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advice to pedestrian to avoid polluted areas. - The range of emerging technologies linked with a smartphone. The sensor can be deployed to detect the presence of the smartphone through which footfall can be estimated. - Selected Application can provide streaming location data either in the background or as part of the app functionality. Google uses pooled location data to measure the speed of drives along road lengths which used to estimate congestion level on the road which appears on the google map. - GPS receivers are installed on moving object within the urban areas like the Buses or Taxis. - Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is widely used for real-time surveillance. These devices are used for a variety of purposes ranging from security measures to traffic management applications. So far we discussed various sensor technologies that generate data about people mobility. However human is also a sensor who generates a wide variety of data on a social media platform. Data generated on these platforms provides an extensive resource on which a wide variety of urban research has been conducted. Every city generates an enormous amount of data and when this data is consumed for other purposes other than what it was originally generated for, it becomes more valuable. For example, data collected to send electricity bill can be later used by another provider to consult power saving ideas for household purposes. Using data for other/different purposes is a remarkable way of inspiring urban innovation. Now, let us talk about how can a city make these kinds of data easily available to anyone or anything which makes a city smarter? How can a city open up its repository of data from different domains? Open Data is the cornerstone of open governance and transparency and it primarily deals with innovation. The easy availability of rich and useful data gives birth to new ideas and solutions. There are eight core principles for open data: - Complete: Open Data requires a complete set for the given data set - Primary: This means that the data is from its source and is in its most granular form without being aggregated or modified. Open data should be the raw form or the actual collected form. - Timely: Data should be made available as soon as it is generated. - Accessibility: Open Data should be available through a connected platform. It should be available in multiple formats and should not require any special technology to access it. - Machine processable: Open Data should be easily integrated and processed by other computers and applications. - Nondiscriminatory: Open Data should be available to anyone without any prior requirements for eg. registering for the data. - Nonproprietary: No one should have exclusive control over the data. Data should not be made available in a special format that requires an expensive piece of software. - License-free: Data should be free to use without it being subjected to any trade mark, patent or regulation. With these eight qualities met, data is said to be open. The same can be used by urban innovators for innovation. With Rapid Urbanisation, cities need a lot of new ideas and innovations from entrepreneurs. Most of the cities does not have enough resources to address the increasing challenges of rapid urbanisation. To build smarter cities, we need to expand traditional public-private partnership and engage all the talent and capital available. Many governments are opening its repositories of data and making it easily accessible via open data portals. This data may be related to crime, pollution, economics, libraries, finance, infrastructure, and more. What stories and ideas live within this data? What challenges and problems can be solved with this data? Thousands of smart urban solutions are getting created by innovative ideas with open data all over the world. Many of these solutions are happening because of individuals’ focus on government data to do good social work. Open Data is a content platform which gives an opportunity for problem solvers to be engaged. More Engagement will happen if: - The government can arrange events and competition to incentivize good ideas and solutions - We create a marketplace where entrepreneurs can see an economic opportunity with the easily available Open data that provides content. Theentrepreneurs should be able to use this content to build commercial solutions that can be monetized at the marketplace. Cities can not address all current and future needs by themselves. They need more wider participation to fulfil the citizen expectations. Open city data is the easiest way to engage talent in urban innovation. As a consequence, this also means that open data must be core to any smart city strategy. - Urban Analytics by Alex David Singleton and Seth Spielman - Using Data drive urban innovation https://www.linkedin.com/learning/smarter-cities-using-data-to-drive-urban-innovation به گزارش پایگاه خبری آرمان اقتصادی و به نقل از سنا، شاپور محمدی در گفت و گویی، با بیان اینکه دکتر دژپسند از تخصص اقتصادی بالایی برخوردار است، اظهار داشت: وی در موقعیت ها و سمت های اجرایی تخصصی مختلفی حضور داشته و با اقتصاد ایران به طور کامل آشنا است. محمدی استقلال رای، تخصص بالا، صداقت و سلامت را از جمله ویژگی های وزیر پیشنهادی اقتصاد دانست و گفت: حوزه هایی که از سوی آقای دژپسند به عنوان سیاست های جدید بازار سرمایه اعلام شده، همهبخش های بازار سرمایه را پوشش می دهد. دبیر شورایعالی بورس افزود: اهم سیاست های اعلامی وزیر پیشنهادی امور اقتصادی و دارایی، مربوط به توسعه ابزارهای مالی جدید اسلامی، با تکیه بر تعریف ابزارهای مشتقه بر روی ابزارهای مالی پایه اسلامی مانند اوراق مرابحه، اوراق مشارکت و غیره است. محمدی ادامه داد: به کارگیری ابزار فروش استقراضی برای افزایش ثبات بازار سرمایه، افزایش شفافیت و بهبود گزارشگری مالی با تکیه بر IFRS، حمایت از سهام داران خرد، ارتقای فرهنگ سرمایه گذاری، بهبود نقدشوندگی، تلاش برای بین المللی شدن بازار سرمایه، افزایش فعالیت بورس های کالایی، تقویت نقش بازار سرمایه در تامین مالی بنگاه ها، افزایش تعدد و تنوع نهادهای مالی، ارتقای زیرساخت های سخت افزاری و نرم افزاری بازار سرمایه از دیگر برنامه هایی است که در دستور کار قرار گرفته است. رییس سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار سیاست های مذکور را نشان آشنایی عمیق دکتر دژپسند با بازارهای مالی به ویژه بازار سرمایه خواند و افزود: این امر همچنین اعتقاد وی را به ارتقای جایگاه بازار سرمایه در اقتصاد کشور نشان می دهد. محمدی ابراز داشت: با توجه به این سیاست ها حضور ایشان در وزارت اقتصاد به تقویت، افزایش کارایی و توسعه فرصت های سرمایه گذاری در بازار سرمایه کمک شایانی خواهد کرد. وی یادآور شد: البته حضور دکتر دژپسند در حوزه های برنامه ریزی کلان، در حوزه بازار پول و تدوین قوانین و مقررات پایه مانند قوانین بودجه، قوانین تجارت و امثالهم نشان دهنده میزان اشراف وی به حوزه های مختلف اقتصادی است که در اداره ابر وزارتخانه ای مانند وزارت امور اقتصادی و دارایی، این تخصص ها و تجارب بسیار ارزشمند است. دبیرشورایعالی بورس خاطرنشان کرد: روحیه علمی و قاطعیت آقای دکتر دژپسند در تصمیم گیری؛ می تواند در برون رفت از چالش ها و حل مشکلات اقتصادی کشور بسیار مفید باشد. گفتنی است، “فرهاد دژپسند”، وزیر پیشنهادی امور اقتصادی و دارایی، ضمن حضور در مجلس شورای اسلامی و دیدار با نمایندگان خانه ملت از اجرای برنامه های جدید در بازار سرمایه خبر داد و گفت: عمق بخشی به بازار سرمایه و هدایت نقدینگی به این بازار از مهم ترین برنامه های آتی وزارت اقتصاد است. Lezzetli Bir Hafta Sonu Geçirin. | Jo Kupası [ad_1] Bu hafta sonu ne yapıyorsun? Cup of Jo hediye rehberini başlatmaktan heyecan duyduk ve önümüzdeki hafta daha fazlasını paylaşacağız. Ayrıca yarın arkadaşlarımızın gençlerini okul oyunlarında izleyeceğiz! Okul oyunlarını SEVİYORUM (hatırla bu komik SNL skeç?). Umarım iyi bir tane vardır ve işte web’den birkaç bağlantı... Çorbalar yapıyoruz ve özellikle bunu çok beğendik. komik bir parça Pete Davidson’un cinsel çekiciliği hakkında. CoJ editörü Jannelle’in dediği gibi, “Tüm bu kötüleri sağa ve sola nasıl çektiğini hala anlayamıyorum.” (Moda) Şarküteri nasıl güzel görünür bir peynir tabağında. bu başlık beni yüksek sesle güldürdü. Atlanta neden şimdiye kadarki en siyah TV şovu?. Bir bölümde, “lise çocukları, zengin bir Siyahi adamın verdiği üniversite bursuna hak kazanmak için, Siyahlıklarını kanıtlamak için bir sınava girmek zorundalar... En önemli değerlendirmelerden biri, ‘O okulda o çocuğa ne oldu? Lenox alışveriş merkezi.’ Beyaz geçiş yapan ve Siyah kültürünü benimsemeyen çift ırklı bir başvuran, gerçeklerle yanıt verir: ‘Bir polis memuru onu rutin bir trafik kontrolünde öldürdü.’ Yanlış. “Lenox alışveriş merkezindeki o çocuğa ne oldu demedim?” sınav görevlisi tonlar. Lenox alışveriş merkezindeki o çocuğa ne oldu dedim. Kehanet şuydu: Bilgi istemediğini, bunun yerine başka bir kurşunun acısıyla ilgili yorum yaptığını duydunuz mu? Doğru cevap, ‘Mm-mm-mmm’ idi. Yazıklar olsun.’” (NYTimes) Bulundu! en iyi yağmurluk. Fleishman Is in Trouble TV şovundaki bu makaleye BAYILDIM. (Harper’s Bazaar) gergin ve istekliyim bu kitabı okumak için. Sürüş tavsiyesihaha. Kahramanımız Eric Kim en iyisini bulmak için 20 dolgu pişirdi. Süreç fotoğrafı harika! (NYTimes hediye bağlantısı) Ayrıca bir okuyucu yorumu: Bir akşam yemeği sohbeti başlatıcısında Sarah Beth şöyle diyor: “Mükemmel bir arabulucuya sahip olduğuma ikna oldum. Herkes bana bunun aptalca olduğunu söylüyor ama sonra hep 30 dakika kadar tartışıyoruz! Şöyle: ‘Şimdiye kadar bindiğiniz en büyük tekne hangisi ve eğer bir deniz yolculuğuysa, neden korkunçtu?’ İnsanlar deniz yolculuklarından nefret etmeyi veya onları savunmayı severler ya da çocukluktaki balık tutma anılarına, ters giden bir akşam yemeği gezisine veya bir tekne içeren unutulmaz bir tatile süper gelirler. Cevaplar her zaman rastgele ve komiktir; sonunda herkes gülüyor.” (Fotoğraf: Christopher Testani Anında Aile Yemekleri Sarah Copeland tarafından.) [ad_2] Source link Manon Brunet ha chiuso anticipatamente la sua stagione e non prenderà parte ai prossimi Campionati Europei di Antalya e ai Mondiali del Cairo. Ad annunciarlo è stata la stessa sciabolatrice transalpina, attualmente al numero 1 della classifica mondiale, tramite i propri canali social. “Purtroppo la mia spalla è troppo fragile” ha scritto Manon Brunet “sapevo che la chirurgia sarebbe stata necessaria ma pensavo di poter completare la stagione. Ma alla fine il rischio è troppo elevato e ed è più saggio porre fine alla mia stagione. Niente Europei e Mondiali per me. Io sono triste ma sempre motivata, tornerò!” Leggi anche: Europei Antalya 2022, le convocazioni della Francia Visualizza questo post su Instagram La Brunet si era infortunata alla spalla (lussazione) nel corso della prova a squadre di Hammamet in Coppa del Mondo lo scorso maggio. A causa di questo incidente aveva già saltato il Grand Prix di Padova. ora la decisione di chiudere anzitempo la propria annata per non rischiare di compromettere la qualificazione a Parigi 2024 il cui percorso inizia già nel marzo 2023. Al suo posto dovrebbe essere chiamata Anne Poupinet. Foto Eva Pavia/Bizzi Team رشته های متن خاص را فقط در نظرات در اکسل پیدا کنید Kutools برای اکسل تابع Find در اکسل به کاربران کمک می کند تا مقادیر خاصی در نظرات در انتخاب، برگه فعال یا کل کتاب کار پیدا کنند. با این حال، آیا می دانید که چگونه می توانید سلول های نظر را براساس طول متن در نظر یا متن نظر ایجاد کنید یا آن را انتخاب کنید یا با شخص خاصی به پایان برسد؟ در اینجا قدرتمند است سوپر پیدا کردن سودمندی Kutools برای اکسل شما به راحتی می توانید سلول های نظر خاص را در انتخاب، برگه فعال، برگه های انتخاب شده، کل کتاب کار یا تمام کتاب های باز شده پیدا کنید. توصیه شده ابزارهای بهره وری برای اکسل / دفتر لطفا برای پیدا کردن و انتخاب سلول های خاصی که حاوی متن خاص و یا ارزش فقط در نظرات در اکسل هستند، به شرح زیر است. 1. کلیک کوتولس > سوپر پیدا کردن نگاه کنید به تصویر: 2 سپس سوپر پیدا کردن پنجره باز می شود و لیست در سمت راست برگه کار می کند. شما باید: 2.1) کلیک کنید دکمه فعال کردن پیدا کردن در نظرات گزینه؛ 2.2) محدوده ی پیدا کردن را از لیست کشویی درج را مشخص کنید. در اینجا پنج گزینه ارائه می دهیم که عبارتند از: انتخاب، ورق فعال, برگه های انتخاب شده، دفترچه فعال همچنین همه کتابها در در داخل کشیدن شما می توانید هر یک را به عنوان شما را انتخاب کنید. 2.3) را انتخاب کنید متن حاوی گزینه ای از نوع لیست کشویی 2.4) متن را که در نظرات به آن پیدا خواهید کرد را وارد کنید ارزش جعبه متن 2.5) روی کلیک کنید پیدا کردن دکمه شروع به پیدا کردن سلول ها. تصویر را ببینید: 3 حالا همه سلول های همسان پیدا شده اند و در لیست ذکر شده اند نتیجه جعبه از سوپر پیدا کردن پنجره شما می توانید بر روی سلول لیست شده کلیک کنید تا آن را در برگه انتخاب کنید یا روی آن کلیک کنید انتخاب کنید برای انتخاب تمام سلول های ذکر شده در همان زمان دکمه را فشار دهید. علاوه بر این، شما همچنین می توانید سلول های خاصی را بر اساس طول متن خاص در نظرات خود پیدا کنید. لطفا به شرح زیر عمل کنید. 1. کلیک کوتولس > سوپر پیدا کردن. تصویر را ببینید: 2 سپس سوپر پیدا کردن پنجره باز است شما باید: 2.1) فعال کردن پیدا کردن در نظرات گزینه با کلیک کردن دکمه ؛ 2.2) محدوده ی پیدا کردن را از در داخل لیست کشویی 2.3) یک گزینه طول را که شما از آن نیاز دارید را انتخاب کنید نوع لیست کشویی 2.4) طول شماره متن را وارد کنید ارزش جعبه متن 2.5) روی کلیک کنید پیدا کردن دکمه. تصویر را ببینید: حالا همه سلول های همسان در قسمت Super Find لیست شده اند. شما می توانید بر روی نتایج لیست شده کلیک کنید برای بلافاصله به آن سلول. اگر می خواهید سلول هایی را انتخاب کنید که نظر را شروع یا پایان می دهد با متن یا شخصیت خاص، روش در این بخش می تواند به شما کمک کند. 1. کلیک کوتولس > سوپر پیدا کردن 2 سپس سوپر پیدا کردن پنجره نمایش داده شده است. شما باید: 2.1) فعال کردن پیدا کردن در نظرات گزینه با کلیک کردن دکمه؛ 2.2) محدوده ی پیدا کردن را از در داخل لیست کشویی 2.3) را انتخاب کنید متن شروع می شود or متن به پایان می رسد با از نوع لیست کشویی 2.4) متن یا کاراکتر را وارد کنید ارزش جعبه متن 2.5) روی کلیک کنید پیدا کردن دکمه. تصویر را ببینید: 3 در حال حاضر تمام سلول هایی که اظهار نظر شروع شده یا به پایان می رسد با متن یا شخص خاصی در فهرست ذکر شده اند سوپر پیدا کردن پنجره شما می توانید بر روی نتایج لیست شده کلیک کنید برای بلافاصله به آن سلول. یادداشت: 1. این سوپر پیدا کردن این ویژگی به شما امکان می دهد تا متن خاص را در میان رشته های متن، نظرات، فرمول ها و لینک ها در همان زمان در اکسل پیدا کنید. تصویر را ببینید: 2 اگر دکمه Select انتخاب شود، دکمه Select انتخاب می شود برگه های انتخاب شده, کارنامه
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。但此后商朝的都城也跟夏朝一样,总是搬来搬去。其原因可能是因为商都大都位于黄河中下游,而黄河每隔数十年或上百年就要改道一次,造成地理形态的巨大改变,逼着商国王不停的营建新都。一直到距今3300年左右,当时的商王盘庚为了躲避黄河水患,再次从山东曲阜迁都到殷(今河南安阳西北),才算稳定下来。到了十二世纪初,考古学家们在这里挖掘出了殷都的遗址,并发现了大量的甲骨文和青铜器。其中尤以甲骨文的出土意义最为重大。 甲骨文,顾名思义,就是刻在龟甲和其它动物骨头上的文字。跟木头、竹片等不同,甲骨可以长期保存,因而铭刻其上的古文字有幸到今天还能被我们通过考古发掘看到。甲骨文是一种非常成熟的文字,已经发现的字就有四千多个,被破译的文字两千多个。这已经足够表达非常丰富的思想。今天,一个初中文化的中国人一生所使用的汉字也就两千来个。这种高度成熟的文字体系在产生之前,必然经历过至少上千年的发展。由此可知,中国人进入文字时代的历史不会少于五千年,从文字角度表明中华文明五千年历史的论断是可靠的。 甲骨文是用途是商王占卜只用,因此很少讨论历史事件,主要都是记录的商王在日常生活中遇到的困惑,刻到甲骨上向神灵请求指示或保佑。有理由相信,当时肯定还有很多其他文字载体用来记录行政命令或历史事件,但都未能像甲骨一样保存下来。 尽管如此,甲骨文中的记载还是与《国语》、《史记》等传世文献中的记录可以互相印证。证明了古代文献记录中有关商朝中期以后历史的可靠性。中国历史也就自此从半信史时代进入了信史时代。(未完待续) 作者简介:李晓鹏博士,主要著作有《从黄河文明到一带一路》第一卷、第二卷,《重现伟大中华史》、《中国崛起的经济学分析》等书。 Happy 🎂Birthday Dr. Seuss! Theodor Seuss Geisel, born on March 2, 1904, in Springfield, MA, was an American author, political cartoonist, poet, animator, book publisher, and artist, best known for authoring more than 60 children's books under the pen name Doctor Seuss. Did you know that Dr. Seuss is the ninth-best-selling fiction author of all time (estimated 500 million copies sold)? (Read more here.) Dr. Seuss could plant more meaning into a few short verses than most writers can manage to embed in an entire novel! “Think left and think right and think low and think high. Oh, the things you can think up if only you try!” So, today, we are thinking left and right and, inspired by The Cat in the Hat book, we are skip counting with this🍡DIY ♻️recycled Math 🎩Hat. - paint six recycled popsicle sticks with this red tempera paint, which dries in 90 seconds and paints perfectly vivid over the wood, - *TIP: apply a thin coat of clear nail polish to the ends of unfinished popsicle sticks to prime the part where you will be writing numbers (otherwise, the numbers will "bleed" ~ color will spread), - write with a black Sharpie numbers one till one hundred, skip counting by fives (on the left, I wrote skip counting by 10s and on the right by 5s). Modification: with smaller children, just write numbers one through ten. - finally, top the🎩Hat with a hundred square! I then offered Adrian to match number tiles from Montessori Hundred Board to the numbers on popsicle sticks. (For a detailed lesson on Hundred Board, read here Montessori 💯Hundred Board at 3 Yo). “Sometimes the questions are complicated and the answers are simple.” And indeed, at first, Adrian thought this was too complicated, but step by step, he assembled the 🎩hat and was able to skip count by 5s till one hundred! DIY Thing 1 & Thing 2 🙌🏻Handprint♻️Craft with a Math Twist "Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter and those who matter don't mind." ~ Dr. Suess. We also made handprints Thing 1 (Julia) and Thing 2 (Adrian) craft while incorporating math and skip counting by 10s. - a washable ink pad - self-adhesive googly eyes - red and black Sharpies and a red tempera paint to draw a mouth - recycled toilet paper and red construction paper to cover it - strips of blue paper to resemble hair - Montessori golden beads ten-bars and a hundred square Roll strips of blue paper over the pencil to give hair a "curl." Each hair strand represents 10, offering to practice skip counting by ten till one hundred. I glued a red pom-pom to the top of the roll to support the handprint. Meet Thing 1 and Thing 2! Julia's handprint was bigger, so I glued a popsicle stick to the back. Julia also got a pink bow made out of a pom-pom and pink construction paper. This craft will remain a keepsake to remember how big their hands were at 8 and 4 yo. Lastly, offer your child to skip count using golden beads ten-bars. How do you celebrate Dr. Seuss's Birthday? See here books & puzzles we are loving on March 2nd 🎉Dr. Seuss's 🎂Birthday 📚. The scene shifts to a court within Athens. Athena enters, along with the ten citizens whom she has chosen as members of the jury. She orders a herald accompanying her to call together the Athenian people to watch the trial. In Greek myth, this moment marks the first ever trial by jury. Athenian audiences would have recognized the importance of the scene they were witnessing. Orestes enters, and Athena directs him to the Stone of Outrage. The Furies enter, and Athena places them at the Stone of Unmercifulness. She herself stands between two urns in which the jury will cast votes to determine Orestes’ guilt or innocence. The trial proceeds with great formality and symbolism. Most important of all are the urns for the jury, emblems of the fair and evenhanded justice that Athens created, in which one’s vote was anonymous. Apollo enters, and Athena questions why he is there. Apollo responds that he has come as a witness for the defense, explaining that he commanded Orestes to kill Clytemnestra, and subsequently purged the mortal of all guilt. He urges Athena to serve justice. This trial, with a jury, witnesses, and a judge (in the person of Athena) will be surprisingly familiar to modern American readers—proof of the influence of Ancient Greece on today’s civilization. Proclaiming that the trial has begun, Athena offers the Furies—the “prosecution”—the first speech. The leader of the Furies starts to question Orestes, asking if he killed his mother. He agrees that he did. They ask how he killed her, and he responds that he cut her throat at the urging of the god Apollo. The Furies are outraged that a god would condone a murder, but Orestes responds that he has “no regrets.” He also expresses faith in his father, Agamemnon, whom he says “will help me from the grave.” When the Furies indict him for killing his mother, Orestes responds that he did so in order to avenge his father. He then questions why the Furies did not turn on Clytemnestra, but they again respond that she did not share blood with Agamemnon. When Orestes wonders whether he is related to his own mother, the Furies react with wrath. The device of the trial allows Aeschylus to explore the complex and thorny issues of crime, guilt, vengeance, and justice in an in-depth and three-dimensional way. After all, both Orestes’ and the Furies’ sides have merit. The Furies believe that Orestes, as the only surviving criminal, deserves to be punished, while Apollo and Orestes believe that since Orestes’ mother was herself a murderer, her crime essentially wipes out his. The issue of gender also becomes increasingly important here. Orestes clearly values his father’s life over his mother’s, a mindset that fits the Ancient Greek status quo, but which the female Furies find appalling. Orestes begs Apollo to explain to the jury why he killed Clytemnestra, adding that his murder was really justice. Apollo agrees, asserting that Orestes was in fact doing the will of Zeus, the omnipotent “Olympian Father,” who is always just. The Furies are scornful, unable to believe that Zeus would order a son to murder his mother. Apollo, outraged, describes the trap that Clytemnestra laid for her husband, and the horrific, dishonorable way that she killed him. Orestes goes a step further here, claiming that not only is his punishment by the Furies unjust, but his “crime” was itself justice, because it punished a criminal and was divinely sanctioned. It is important to remember, however, that Orestes’ murder of Clytemnestra was also a vengeful act, which makes the case even trickier. To further complicate things, Clytemnestra’s original murder of Agamemnon was also partly an act of vengeance—punishing Agamemnonfor sacrificing their daughter Iphigenia during the Trojan War. The Furies are skeptical that Zeus would care more about a father’s murder than a mother’s. They remind Apollo and Athena that Zeus defeated his own father, Kronos, in order to gain control over Mt. Olympus. The Furies use Greek myth to argue their case. Within Classical mythologies, there are many instances of sons overthrowing their fathers for power including—most prominently Zeus himself. Apollo, outraged by the Furies, insults them once again, hissing that the gods “detest” them, and threatening them with the power of Zeus. The Furies are defiant, asking if Apollo intends to force Orestes’ acquittal, and reminding him that doing so would not be just. They speak again of Orestes’ defilement, and of the “mother’s blood” that is on his hands. Once again Apollo loses his temper, displaying how the gods, too, are often childish and subject to overpowering emotions. Apollo has no good rebuttal to the Furies’ (valid) point that Zeus himself was essentially a patricide, but instead can only respond with insults and threats. The Furies, meanwhile, hold true to their beliefs—even though they are monstrous, it is difficult not to admire their moral tenacity. Apollo rebuts the Furies’ claim that mothers are as important as fathers. He claims that while women may carry children, men provide the “spark of life.” He goes on to say that a father can create children without a mother, using Athena (who famously was born out of Zeus’s head) as an example. He then attempts to flatter Athena, saying that Orestes and his kin will honor her for generations. The strong and disturbing misogyny of Ancient Greece is in full effect here. Apollo essentially argues that women are simply not as important as men, and that fathers have a greater claim over their children than mothers do. That this argument is successful should be appalling to modern readers. Athena asks the Furies if they have anything else to say, and they respond that they do not. Apollo reminds the jury to be just and honest. Athena then explains to the jury that they are presiding over the first-ever murder trial in Greece. She explains to the Athenians that their city will now exist as a beacon of justice and civilization, unpolluted by corruption or dishonesty. She urges them to be pious, righteous, and loyal to their city. This passage is one of the most important in the play, as it again draws a direct connection between unbiased, civilized justice and the polis of Athens. Athenian audience members watching this scene would have (presumably) felt proud of their city, and honored to be a part of it. As the citizens cast their ballots, the Furies grow anxious, threatening that they can curse Athens if they choose. Apollo shoots back that the Furies should fear the wrath of both himself and Zeus. The Furies respond that Apollo is meddling in “works of blood,” and they repeat their plan to “crush the land” of Athens should the trial go against them. Apollo threatens that if they do so, the Furies will be disgraced. As he continues to mock them, they again call him a “young god,” reminding him of their age and power. In contrast to Athena and her articulation of fair, logical justice, the Furies are still thinking in terms of vengeance, threatening to punish the entire city of Athens if the trial doesn’t go their way. They display their territorial and jealous nature here, again illuminating the conflict between the older, more primitive gods and the younger, more powerful Olympians. Athena comes forward to cast her ballot, and announces that she has been swayed in Orestes’ favor. She explains that she will always honor men above women, since she was born from only a father—and therefore she cannot value a woman’s death more than a man’s. Even if the jury’s vote is equally split, says, Orestes will win his trial. As the ballots are tallied up, Orestes prays to Apollo and wonders what will happen. The Furies, meanwhile, pray to their Mother Night. Apollo again reminds the Athenians to “honor Justice.” This moment within the play shows the close connection the Greeks drew between divine intervention and justice—although humans might try to dispense justice, ultimately the gods must sanction any decision they make. This makes for many complicated moral quandaries, as the often-childish and immoral gods are thus the deciders of what is objectively right and wrong. The votes have been counted, and the lots are equal— therefore, Athena announces, Orestes will go free. Overwhelmed, Orestes cries that Athena has saved his house, and returned him from exile. He vows to honor her in Argos, as well as Apollo and Zeus, and swears that this decision has brought about a new era of friendship between Argos and Athens. Even after he dies, he asserts, the two cities will live in peace and harmony. Orestes bids the Athenians farewell, before exiting with Apollo. Although Orestes wins the day, another vital point within this passage is the fact that the vote is tied. This displays both the difficulty of the case, and the evenhandedness of Athenian justice. Even when faced with monstrous goddesses threatening to curse their city, the Athenian citizens did not display bias, but carefully considered the question before them and voted with their consciences. Orestes’ joy is not just for himself but for his whole family—the house of Atreus has been cursed for generations, and Athena’s decision has now seemingly broken the cycle of bloody vengeance that had decimated the family. Both enraged and terrified, the Furies curse the “younger gods” for violating the “ancient laws” of vengeance, and robbing them of their power. They vow to make Athens sterile, enraged by how it has made them, the daughters of Night, into a mockery. The diplomatic Athena, however, has another solution. She reminds the Furies that they are not disgraced, as the vote was tied. The real outcome, she asserts, came from Zeus. She goes on to ask the Furies not to make Athens barren. Instead, she promises the Furies a place as the patron goddesses of the city, a position in which
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on the underside. The fur of juvenile bats is darker than that of the adults and they have reddish-pink faces and noses. Their wings and tail membranes are dark brown. They measure between 45 to 55 mm in length, with their wingspan being between 240 and 275mm. Using echolocation – a series of sounds that bounce off objects at a frequency too high for humans to hear – Daubenton’s bats are able to discern their surroundings and zero in on their prey with amazing accuracy when they come out at twilight to feed. Mating takes place in autumn, with fertilization only taking place in spring, following a winter of hibernation. Bat pups are able to fly at about three weeks old and are independent between six and eight weeks old. They are known to live as long at 22 years, forming colonies in caves, cellars, tunnels, under bridges, or other similar structures near water. Scotland is a spectacularly beautiful country and rural tourism offers visitors the opportunity to enjoy nature at its best. As you explore the Scottish countryside, be sure to look out for Daubenton’s bats as they swoop through the air at twilight doing their bit to keep the ecology in balance. Scientists are those intelligent people who dish out things you're delighted to learn about every other day, but we don't really think of the risks they take when they're putting theories and ideas into a series of experiments and lengthy research. But in the name of discovery, many of these scientists take on extreme jobs to contribute to the information so easily available to us today. Here are just some of the most extreme scientist jobs around: 1. Saturation Diver "You can only spend so long at a certain depth, because your body absorbs nitrogen, which is an inert gas," said M. Dale Stokes, an oceanographer at the University of California, San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, Calif. When divers stay submerged for too long or surface too quickly, the dissolved nitrogen forms bubbles that expand, causing a person's blood to froth - a phenomenon known as "the bends". To avoid this, scientists can live at the seafloor, in an underwater lab called Aquarius off the coast of Florida. The Aquarius trailer is pumped with air from above the ocean and kept as dry as possible. So it's like "you're living down there in a bubble of air on the seafloor," Stokes said. Divers can live there for about two weeks, from where they venture out with scuba suits and oxygen tanks to spend hours exploring nearby reefs. "It's not romantic. You easily pick up skin infections and ear infections. Your body is damp and never really dries out," Stokes said. 2. Cave Diver Between 1969 and 2007, 368 Americans died while cave diving. The risk involves scuba divers probing hidden, underwater caves filled with terrifying odds. A few wrong kicks can release large amounts of sediment, creating a complete blackout that leaves the divers hopelessly lost in the depths, with depleting oxygen supply. But these caves can also reveal new insights about ancient Earth's climate and the ecology of the islands. From arduous training to the mass UV rays, to a 1 in 100 risk of dying in-flight, astronauts risk one of the harshest environments. And even when they arrive back on earth, they could face muscle atrophy and weakening of bones due to being in low gravity for so long. 4. Crocodile Physiologist These guys deal with some heavy-weights of the animal kingdom. "It's not for the fainthearted," Roger Seymour, a plant and animal physiologist at the University of Adelaide in Australia, told LiveScience. When they're done, they usually point the crocodiles toward the water, but every once in awhile, a crocodile decides to look for a meal on land. One time, a crocodile turned right around and headed toward camp, Seymour said. "One of my colleagues pushed me down into the mud in his effort to get down into the Landcruiser," Seymour said, referring to his SUV. 5. Venom Milker Scientists who have to milk venom handle some of the world's deadliest snakes, lizards and even sharks. Milking a venomous snake isn't easy - you'd have to find many snakes to get a decent amount of venom. Most of these scientists have been bitten, sometimes more than two dozen times. 6. Storm Chaser When you hear a storm coming, you'd run and seek shelter. But not these guys. They run toward it in order to place wind and pressure sensors as close to the storms as possible, at least according to storm chaser Tony Laubach, a meteorologist in DeSoto, Illinois. However, it's lightning that scares Laubach, as it's much more dangerous. Its strikes are deadly, and random. 7. Lab Technician It may sound boring but it's one of the most dangerous jobs in science. Simple accidents can happen - take into mind getting electrocuted, witnessing an explosion closeup, getting injured by flammables or toxic chemicals, and so much more. Worse yet when an accident hurts not just the technician, but the people and things nearby. How are you liking your job now? Your Excel sheets seem physically safer all of a sudden doesn't it? When your best mate is about to embark on the ultimate journey of marriage and he’s asked you to be his best man, your first and possibly most important task will be to organize a bachelor party. It’s not that easy, but if you’re up for the challenge, it will be very rewarding. Read more Born on 6th of December, 1977, in Tartu, Estonia, Nils Grossberg is a man on a mission to bring big changes in the world that would affect and change the world for the better. His first step in the direction comes up in May, 2017, when he co-founded Dagcoin is a software company. Dagcoin is behind the development of Dagcoin cryptocurrency which is already entitled as the cryptocurrency of the future. Read more Introduction to goldGold is one of the oldest precious metals found on earth. It is a highly valuable metal that was once also used as a form of currency but over time its uses have changed. People now use gold for various different uses. It is used in jewelry, trading and also in the technology sector; where it has a huge market, almost every other computer has a little bit of gold In it as it is used to manufacture the core chips of the computer now. Read more Indossare una maschera medica può proteggerti dal nuovo coronavirus? È una domanda che molte persone, compresi i proprietari di animali domestici, stanno ponendo. Se si tratta di una normale maschera chirurgica, la risposta è “no”, ha sostenuto William Schaffner, specialista in malattie infettive della Vanderbilt University nel Tennessee. Una maschera più specializzata, nota come respiratore N95, può proteggere dal nuovo coronavirus, chiamato anche 2019-nCoV. Il respiratore è più spesso di una maschera chirurgica, ma Schaffner non lo consiglia per uso pubblico, almeno non a questo punto. Questo perché, in parte, è difficile indossarli per lunghi periodi di tempo, ha detto. Gli specialisti ricevono una riqualificazione annuale su come adattare correttamente questi respiratori attorno al naso, alle guance e al mento, assicurando che chi li indossa non respiri intorno ai bordi del respiratore. “Quando lo fai, si scopre che il lavoro di respirazione, dato che stai attraversando un materiale molto spesso, è più difficile. Devi lavorare per inspirare ed espirare. È un po’ claustrofobico. Può diventare umido e caldo dentro “, ha affermato Schaffner. “So che posso indossarli quando ne ho bisogno per circa mezz’ora”, ha aggiunto. “Ma poi devo uscire dalla stanza dell’isolamento, toglierlo e fare qualche respiro profondo, un po’ rinfrescato, prima di poter rientrare”. Mentre è possibile acquistare il respiratore N95 online che Schaffner ha sconsigliato. Per prima cosa, fino ad ora, ci sono solo sette casi di coronavirus negli Stati Uniti. Inoltre, anche se adesso i respiratori non mancano, potrebbero esserci troppe persone che ne acquistano inutilmente uno. La maschera chirurgica più sottile è destinata ai chirurghi, perché questi prodotti fanno un buon lavoro per impedire ai patogeni del naso e della bocca del medico di entrare nel campo chirurgico. In alcuni paesi asiatici, come Giappone e Cina, non è raro vedere persone che indossano maschere chirurgiche in pubblico per proteggersi da agenti patogeni e inquinamento. Ma quelle maschere non aiutano molto nel contesto di un virus, ha detto Schaffner. “Non sono progettati per tenere fuori le particelle virali, e non sono così strettamente aderenti al naso e alle guance”. “Potrebbero essere di qualche utilità? Sì, ma è probabile che l’effetto sia modesto”, ha asserito ancora Schaffner, notando che alcune persone indossano maschere chirurgiche perché sono malate di raffreddore o influenza e non vogliono contagiare altre persone. Ma se sei malato, è meglio non andare nelle aree pubbliche. “Questo è il momento di stare a casa”, ha detto Schaffner. Un modo migliore per evitare di ottenere il coronavirus è, in primo luogo, posticipare qualsiasi viaggio in Cina, dove il virus ha avuto origine e ha infettato più di 11.000 persone, secondo il Washington Post. Puoi anche lavarti accuratamente le mani; evitare di toccare occhi, naso e bocca con mani non lavate; evitare contatti ravvicinati con persone che sono malate e disinfettare oggetti e superfici frequentemente toccati, segnalati dai Centri per il controllo e la prevenzione delle malattie. Per quanto riguarda i proprietari di animali domestici che mettono maschere facciali sui loro cani, non ci sono prove che i cani possano persino catturare il coronavirus, quindi “non è necessario farlo”, ha concluso Schaffner. Öne doğru Uyarı sinyali, bir engele yaklaşık 30 cm (1 ft) altında mesafede sabit tona sahiptir. Park Yardımı Sisteminin ön detektörleri motor çalıştırıldığında otomatik oalrak etkinleştirilir. Bunlar, 10 km/sa (6 mph) altındaki hızlarda aktiftir. Ölçüm mesafesi aracın önünde yaklaşık 80 cm'dir (2,5 ft). Not El freni kullanıldığında edildiğinde veya otomatik vitesli bir arabada P modu seçildiğinde park yardımı devre dışı bırakılır. Önemli Yardımcı donanım lambaları takıldığında: Bu lambaların sensörleri kapamaması gerektiğini unutmayın - yardımcı donanım lambaları bu durumda bir engel gibi algılanabilir. Geriye doğru Uyarı sinyali, bir engele yaklaşık 30 cm (1 ft) altında mesafede sabit tona sahiptir. Geri gidiş sensörleri, herhangi bir vites devrede olmadan araç geriye doğru kaydığında veya vites kolu geri vitese getirildiğinde etkinleşir. Ölçüm mesafesi aracın arkasında yaklaşık 1,5 metre (5 ft) mesafeye ulaşır. Aracın elektrik sistemine bağlı bir römorkla geri çekilirken park yardımı geriye doğru otomatik olarak devre dışı bırakılır. Not Volvo orijinal römork kablo demeti olmadan çekme çubuğu üzerinde römork veya bisiklet taşıyıcı varken geri giderken, sensörlerin onlara tepki vermesini önlemek için park yardımı manuel olarak kapatılmalıdır. Kenarlar boyunca Uyarı sinyali, bir engele yaklaşık 25 cm (0,8 ft) altında mesafede yoğun bir şekilde sinyal verir. Park yardımı yan sensörleri, motor çalıştırıldığında otomatik olarak etkinleşir. Bunlar, 10 km/sa (6 mph) altındaki hızlarda aktiftir. Ölçüm menzili yanlardan yaklaşık 25 cm (0,8 ft) mesafedir. Ancak, ön tekerleklerin direksiyon açısı arttığında yan sensörlerin algılama aralığı önemli ölçüde artar ve direksiyon simidi döndürüldüğünde aracın arkasında veya önünde çapraz şekilde bulunan yaklaşık. 90 cm (3 ft) boyuna kadar olan engeller algılanır. PAZZESCA Beyoncé in questa performance di "I was here" del 2012 per il World Humanitarian Day delle Nazioni Unite, che anche quest anno si terrà il 19 Agosto Tutte le volte che sento questa canzone (l'ho scoperta recentemente) mi si rizzano i peli sulle braccia. Questa donna è la più grande cantante vivente, accidenti. E già che ci siete, se avete voglia date un'occhiata al sito e magari fate anche qualcosa in più, ci vuole un attimo a donare! :) Alkışlar Sergen’e Kadroları ilk gördüğümde iki takıma baktım ve "Bu maçta çok gol pozisyonu olur" diye düşündüm. Fakat bu maçın en iyisi kim dersem ben oyuncuları değil, Sergen hocayı söylerim. Büyük takım değilseniz iyi oyuncuları adapte etmek daha çok zaman alır. Sergen hoca telaşlı bir karakter değil, geride de olsa rahat durur kenarda, oyunculara da hücum özgürlüğü vererek o adaptasyon problemini aşmış. 2’yi bulunca defansif bir müdahalede bulundu Sergen hoca. 4 hücumcudan birini çıkardı ve Sow’u aldı. Fakat bunu 0-0 ya da 1-1’de yapmadı. Beşiktaş golü buldu belki ama Kayseri çok iyi oynadı. Fabri’nin kurtardığı 3-4 tane iyi top var. Bir tanesi mermi gibi bir şuttu mesela. This is the third chapter of Adam Arvidsson's book on the Ethical Economy. First chapter: Introduction to the Ethical Economy Second chapter: Ethics and General Intellect Since its English translation in 1969, and for most of the following decade, Luis Althusser’s essay on ’Ideology and ideological state apparatuses’ had a great impact on critical social science. As television, mass consumerism and the culture industry reached maturity, and as the energy of the social movements of the previous decade fizzled away into embourgoisement, it became clear that, at least in the ‘affluent’ west, capital primarily ruled through ideological, rather than repressive means, through consensus rather than coercion (cf. Jameson, 1991). To the Althusserians (or the Althusser-inspired) scholars of the 1970s’ ruling through ideology’ essentially entailed three things. One, the ISA established and reinforced stable and coherent subjects, that had derived their loyalty and support form having been made to internalize a distinct set of values, beliefs and habits, conforming to ‘the ruling ideology’. It is important to underline the stability and coherence that marked the subject of ideology in Althusser’s analysis. There was a ruling ideology in the form of a coherent narrative, and, as it left its imprint on its subject matter, on social life, it created stable subjectivities that persisted in time. One remained a worker, woman, father or consumer, and this enduring status was enforced when one watched a movie (Mulvey,...), television (Hall..) or an advertisement (Anderson,..). These stable and enduring subject positions were also logically coherent. Each subjectivity contained a set of values, norms and motivations that lent themselves to rational reconstruction. As a worker one acted in a particular way because one abided to particular norms, which in turn found support in a set of values. Critiques like ... have been right to point out that Althusser here offers little more than a leftist,
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برگزار شد که اعتراض های اخیر در این کشور منطقه آمریکای لاتین تاکنون شش کشته و بیش از دو هزار مجروح و بازداشتی داشته و معترضان روز شنبه یک ایستگاه تلویزیونی و دفتر یک روزنامه را هدف قرار دادند. بر اساس اعلام مقامات اکوادور به دنبال ناآرامی های روز گذشته 34 نفر بازداشت شدند و درگیری های شدیدی در پایتخت میان نیروهای پلیس و معترضان رخ داد. در این حال لنین مورنو، رئیس جمهوری اکوادور که پیش تر در پی اعتصاب و اعتراض های سراسری علیه حذف یارانه سوخت در این کشور وضع اضطراری اعلام کرده بود، متعهد شده تا حکم حذف یارانه سوخت را ارزیابی و پیامدهای این قانون جنجالی را بیش از پیش بررسی کند تا مطمئن شود این قانون، خلاف خواست جوامع محلی نباشد. او در عین حال گفت که بخش درخور توجهی از کیتو، پایتخت اکوادور به دنبال اعمال قانون منع آمدو شد شبانه در بحبوحه درگیری ها میان پلیس و معترضان آرامش خود را مجددا به دست آورده و به همین خاطر تا اطلاع ثانوی این منع آمدوشد باقی خواهد ماند و از ارتش تقاضای کمک کرد. این اعتراض ها پس از آن آغاز شد که دولت در راستای اجرای بسته اصلاحاتی اقتصادی و مالی یارانه سوخت را حذف کرد. این برنامه های ریاضتی بخشی از شرط لازم برای دریافت بسته کمک مالی از صندوق بین المللی پول محسوب می شود؛ اما در پی عملیاتی شدن این طرح، رانندگان تاکسی، اتوبوس و کامیون ها خیابان های پایتخت و دومین شهر اکوادور را مسدود کردند. همچنین ایستگاه های اتوبوس تعطیل شد و اتحادیه ها، دانشجویان و گروه های قومی بومی به معترضان پیوسته و با آتش زدن لاستیک جاده ها را بستند. در این حال گروه بومی کنفدراسیون ملت های بومی اکوادور که اصلی ترین سازمان دهنده این اعتراضات محسوب می شود، اعلام کرد که با برگزاری مذاکرات مستقیم با مورنو برای گفت وگو حول محور لغو این دستور موافق است. این گروه افزود: تصمیم اولیه ما برای برگزاری مذاکرات مستقیم با مورنو احتمالا به دنبال سرکوب نظامی به خطر می افتد. این گروه دقیقا اعلام نکرد که چه موقع اعتراضات را برگزار خواهد کرد یا اینکه آیا این کار را در اعتراض به مقررات منع آمدو شد شبانه انجام می دهد یا خیر. دولت اکوادور می گوید یارانه سوخت سالانه حدود یک میلیاردو 300 میلیون دلار هزینه لازم دارد و دیگر برایش مقدور نیست که این یارانه را که سابقه 40 ساله دارد، تامین کند. مورنو در عین حال تاکید دارد برنامه های ریاضت اقتصادی لغو نخواهد شد؛ اما یافتن راهی برای کاهش بدهی اکوادور به یک میلیارد دلار تا سال 2020 میلادی لازم و ضروری است. “反恐作战机器人”用于多种复杂地形环境的排爆工作。具有出众的爬坡、爬楼能力,能灵活抓起多种形状各种摆放位置的疑似爆炸品,与水泡枪组合可远距离连续销毁爆炸物,同时标配可遥控转动彩色摄像机,画面时实传输观察无死角。 北京市海淀区农大南路硅谷亮城9号楼101-1003 |Get 100% success in exams with myCBSEguide||Subscribe| |myCBSEguide App, Trusted by 70 Lakh students||Install App| |Create Question Papers with your Name & Logo||Create Test| CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Mathematics conducted by Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi in the month of March 2017. CBSE previous year question papers with solution are available in myCBSEguide mobile app and cbse guide website. The Best CBSE App for students and teachers is myCBSEguide which provides complete study material and practice papers to cbse schools in India and abroad. CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Maths Class 12 Mathematics list of chapters - Relations and Functions - Inverse Trigonometric Functions - Continuity and Differentiability - Application of Derivatives - Application of Integrals - Differential Equations - Vector Algebra - Three Dimensional Geometry - Linear Programming CBSE Last Year Paper class 12 Mathematics - All questions are compulsory. - This question paper consists of 29 questions divided into four sections A, B, C and D. Section A comprises of 4 questions of one mark each, Section B comprises of 8 questions of two marks each, Section C comprises of 11 questions of four marks each and Section D comprises of 6 questions of six marks each. - All questions in Section A are to be answered in one word, one sentence or as per the exact requirement of the question. - There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in 3 questions of four marks each and 3 questions of six marks each. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions. - Use of calculators is not permitted. You may ask for logarithmic tables, if required. SECTION – A Question numbers 1 to 4 carry 1 mark each. 1. Let A and B are matrices of order 3 × 2 and 2 × 4 respectively. Write order of matrix (AB). 2. Write the equation of tangent drawn to the curve y = sin x at the point (0, 0). 3. Find : 4. Write the angle between the vectors and . SECTION – B Question numbers 5 to 12 carry 2 marks each. 5. In the following matrix equation use elementary operation R2 → R2 + R1 and write the equation thus obtained. 6. Find the value of k for which the function is continuous at x = 2. 7. The radius r of a right circular cone is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/minute and the height h is increasing at the rate of 2 cm/minute. When r = 9 cm and h = 6 cm, find the rate of change of its volume. 9. Find the differential equation of the family of curves y2 = 4 ax. 10. Find the general solution of the differential equation 11. If the points with position vectors and are collinear, find the value of λ. 12. A firm has to transport at least 1200 packages daily using large vans which carry 200 packages each and small vans which can take 80 packages each. The cost for engaging each large van is ` 400 and each small van is Rs.200.Not more than Rs.3,000 is to be spent daily on the job and the number of large vans cannot exceed the number of small vans. Formulate this problem as a LPP given that the objective is to minimize cost. SECTION – C Question numbers 13 to 23 carry 4 marks each. 13. Prove that : 14. then using properties of determinants, find the value of where x, y, z ≠ 0. OR Using elementary operations, find the inverse of the following matrix A 15. If x = a (cos θ + θ sin θ) and y = a (sin θ – θ cos θ), then find . These are 15 questions only. To view and download complete question paper with solution install myCBSEguide App from google play store or login to our student dashboard. CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Mathematics Download class 12 Mathematics question paper with solution from best CBSE App the myCBSEguide. CBSE class 12 Mathematics question paper 2018 in PDF format with solution will help you to understand the latest question paper pattern and marking scheme of the CBSE board examination. You will get to know the difficulty level of the question paper. CBSE question papers 2016 for class 12 Mathematics have 14 questions with solution. CBSE Question Paper CBSE question papers 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 209, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and so on for all the subjects are available under this download link. Practicing real question paper certainly helps students to get confidence and improve performance in weak areas. - Business Studies - Political Science - Physical Education - Computer Science - Informatics Practices - English Core - Hindi Core - Hindi Elective - Other Subjects To download CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Accountancy, Chemistry, Physics, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Home Science, Accountancy, Business Studies and Home Science; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through the best app for CBSE students and myCBSEguide website. Create Tests with your Name & LogoTry it Now (Free) Because of you I find it hard to trust Not only me, but everyone around me. What to trust? 生命本身,家庭,当一种深深的伤害已经让一个人失去对自己的信任时,这是何其的悲哀。只能自己藏在自己心中,默默的按照自己的规律努力让自己处于最安全的位置。Because of you,都是因为你,或者说你们,父母是孩子的第一位老师,父母的行为必将深深的影响到孩子的成长。当家庭处于一种冷漠的关系中时,孩子的自我就只能默默的寻找一个最安全的地方,藏在自己精神世界的高墙内,只能在自己梦中呐喊着难过,只能在心中呐喊,Because of you! 是该庆幸的,MV中,Kelly意识到了家庭冷暴力隐形的巨大伤害而使得自己的女儿不遭受同样的命运。而她自己呢。And now I cry In the middle of the night For the same damn thing. Tayvan'daki deprem bir can aldı-VİDEO Tayvan'da bu sabah meydana gelen depremde 1 kişi öldü, 19 kişi de yaralandı Dünya Bülteni / Haber Merkezi Tayvan'da meydana gelen 6,5 büyüklüğündeki depremde 1 kişi ölürken, 19 kişi de yaralandı. Çin Deprem Gözetleme Merkezi'ne göre, yerel saatle 10.03'te oluşan depremin üssü başkent Taipei'ye 250 kilometre mesafedeki Nantou şehri. Depremin yerin 15 kilometre altında oluştuğu ve tüm Tayvan ile Çin'in doğu sahillerinde de hissedildiği belirtildi. Depremin ardından beş artçı depremin daha oluştuğu ifade edildi. Televizyon görüntülerinde, ofislerinde çalışanların panik içinde kaçmaya çalıştığı ve deprem nedeniyle Nanton şehrindeki bazı binalarda oluşan çatlaklar görülüyor. Ölen kişinin 72 yaşındaki yaşlı bir kadın olduğu kaydedildi. Deprem nedeniyle Taipei'deki trenlerin 4 buçuk saat ulaşıma kapalı tutulduğu ve 30 bin yolcunun olumsuz etkilendiği açıklandı. Tayvan'da yılda 6'nın üzerinde ortalama 2,7 deprem oluşuyor. Tayvan'da 21 Eylül 1999'da meydana gelen 7.6 büyüklüğündeki depremde 2 bin 600'den fazla kişi ölmüştü. Reviewed by Emily (age 7) Emily is a member in New York Cares/Island School Reading Club's Spring 2011 (2010-2011) The mother penguin passes the egg to the father penguin so she can get food from the sea. When the mother penguin comes back, the father penguin goes to get food from the sea. When the baby penguins hatch, they sit on their fathersí feet so they donít slip on the ice. When they grow a little bit taller, they stay together to stay warm. When they get bigger, they can do things by themselves like go in the ocean to get food and slide on their bellies. There are all different kinds of penguins. The emperor penguin is the biggest of all the penguins. He is as big as me! Penguins have ways to protect themselves. Penguins are interesting animals. Penguins are smart animals. I liked this book because I love penguins. They are my favorite animals in the world. They are really smart and they know what to do when they are in trouble and when they want to catch food. I liked the pictures of penguins. The baby penguins are small and cute. I should give this book to Jesus because Jesus laughs a lot. He likes penguins too, especially the cute babies! Everyone should read this book because it can tell you all about penguins. Celebrate Geologic Map Day on October 18, 2019! Welcome to Geologic Map Day, a special event designed to promote awareness of geologic mapping and its vital importance to society. As an extension of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, Geologic Map Day focuses the attention of students, teachers, and the general public on the creation, study, uses, and significance of geologic maps for education, science, business, and a variety of public policy concerns. Organizing partners of Geologic Map Day are the United States Geological Survey, the American Association of State Geologists, the National Park Service, the Geological Society of America, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the American Geosciences Institute. The event is celebrated on the Friday of AGI's Earth Science Week (www.earthsciweek.org), a public awareness campaign that reaches over 50 million people each year with educational resources, information, and activities promoting awareness of Earth science. Please join us! Geologic Map Day Resources Founding & Supporting Partners Clean water released from the dam has the increased potential for erosion downstream of the dam — this is known as clear water erosion. The new Exhibition Centre within Tower Knowe Visitors Centre can be accessed via a newly formed doorway, which required a roller shutter. The map below show the local setting for the dam;. The water is then released through a hole in the dam. Report Thu 25th February, Kielder Water and Forest Park: The depletion of riverbed gravels reduces spawning grounds for fish and invertebrates. Kielder Water and Forest Park: Kielder reservoir water transfer scheme Kielder reservoir in Northumberland is an example of a water transfer scheme. Location Kielder is located in an area of high land called the Pennines. Reducing the flow of water from a river changes the landscape of that river which can affect plants and animals. Using the Google satellite image above describe how much of Newcastle would be covered if the Kielder Water Reservoir had been placed in the city! Huge volumes of timber are produced at Kielder, the number of standing trees is million and they are replanted once felled. Mosedale Gillat Architects Main Contractor: The sttudy turns a turbine which makes electricity. Operation is via Somfy single-phase manual override motor with hold to run key switch. When installed the roller shutter gave a clear walk through height of approximately six foot and three inches even with all of the on site restrictions. Advantages Sgudy reservoir has brought many advantages: Name and locate the scheme Describe the scheme both storage and transfer Explain why the scheme was thought to be necessary Give 4 advantages and four disadvantages of the scheme. In replacement, the main tree put in the artificial forest .... The Snowy river hydro scheme consists of sixteen major dams, seven power stations, a pumping station and kilometers. This is a reliable and clean source of energy. The Kielder pipeline cannot be used to supplement the water supply to the Derwent Reservoir itself. Disadvantages The breeding patterns of fish have been disrupted through the dam xtudy the river. Kielder is one of the last places for red squirrels in England Clean water released from the dam has the increased potential for stusy downstream of the dam — this is known as clear water erosion. Kielder is one of the last places for red squirrels in England. The new roller shutter system would need to coil into the same box size as the existing roller shutter that had been removed. Huge volumes of timber are produced at Kielder, the number of standing trees is million and they are replanted once felled. Share buttons are a little bit lower. A dam holds back sediment, especially the gravel and pebbles. The forest at Kielder has been criticised for being too much of a monoculture only one type of tree — mainly Sitka Spruce. These patterns are clearly visible on the maps below. Clean water released from the dam has the increased potential for erosion downstream of the dam — this is known as clear water erosion. The balcony is accessed via a new kileder door system. The North and the West receive more rainfall because the bulk of our weather comes from the South West with
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l Svetlana Kuznetsova ha parlato di tecnica e del diritto di Rafael Nadal. “In Russia, tutti sono ossessionati dalla tecnologia, ma alcune cose restano inspiegabili. Puoi avere una tecnica perfetta, come Federer, e puoi avere la tecnica di Rafael Nadal, per me il suo dritto è sostanzialmente errato. Il colpo di Rafa sprigiona una potenza incredibile, ma è sbagliato dal punto di vista tecnico, contro tutte le leggi della fisica”. Genel Özellikler: AN300, Büyük Kanatlı bir CFM/CMM Termo-Anemometredir. Bu sayaç Hava Hızını, Hava Akışını ve Sıcaklığı ölçer. Extech'in Büyük Kanatlı Termo-Anemometre serisi, daha büyük boyutlu kanallarda daha hassas okumalar sağlar. Her sayaç aynı anda Hava Akışı veya Hava Hızı ve Sıcaklığı gösterir. 4 adet AAA pil ve sert taşıma çantası ile birlikte gelir. 4" (10cm) kanat, daha büyük boyutlu kanallarda daha hassas okumalar sağlar Hava sıcaklığı için dahili termistör Çok noktalı ve zamanlı ortalama hesaplamaları Min/Maks, Veri Tutma ve Otomatik kapanma Cosa troverete nell'articolo Chi è il proprietario del Golden Gate Theater? il gruppo teatrale Ambassador L’Orpheum Theatre e il Golden Gate Theatre, due tra gli auditorium più storici di San Francisco, saranno venduti alla società madre di il Gruppo Teatro Ambassador (ATG), secondo un annuncio di ATG. La vendita trasferisce la proprietà dei teatri dalla Nederlander Company, con sede a New York.Sha. 10, 1442 AH Qual è il nome del teatro di San Francisco?? Teatro Herbst – 401 Van Ness, nel centro civico di San Francisco. Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall – 201 Van Ness – sede della San Francisco Symphony. War Memorial Opera House – 301 Van Ness, di fronte al Municipio – sede dell’Opera e del Balletto di San Francisco. Chi possiede il Teatro Orpheum? BroadwaySF L’Orpheum, così come il Golden Gate Theatre di San Francisco, sono di proprietà di BroadwaySF, una compagnia di produzione teatrale di proprietà di Robert Nederlander. Posso portare uno zaino nel teatro AMC? In tutti i cinema AMC non c’è il controllo dei bagagli, ha detto una persona vicina alla società, la seconda catena di cinema più grande della nazione.Raj. 27, 1443 AH Nevica a San Francisco? San Francisco, in California, riceve in media 25 pollici di pioggia all’anno. La media degli Stati Uniti è di 38 pollici di pioggia all’anno. San Francisco ha una media di 0 pollici di neve all’anno. Quanto è grande il Teatro Curran? Curran ha riaperto il nostro 1.600 posti a sedere nel gennaio 2017 con l’innovativo musical FUN HOME. Perché i teatri si chiamano Orpheum? Il Teatro Orpheum, che prende il nome dalla figura mitologica greca di Orfeo, aperto nel 1926 come quarto e ultimo teatro di Los Angeles per il circuito Orpheum, e il secondo Orpheum Theatre a essere costruito a Broadway, nel centro di Los Angeles. Cosa significa Orpheum? L’Orpheum è un nome spesso usato per teatri o altri luoghi di intrattenimento. C’è più di un Orpheum Theatre?? Oggi ci sono meno di 20 I teatri Orpheum ancora in funzione negli Stati Uniti; due di essi si trovano in Arizona, a Phoenix e Flagstaff.Rab. II 3, 1438 AH با سلام یکی از راههای کاهش زمینه های فرسودگی شغلی مددکاران اجتماعی، شناسایی روزنه های آسیب رسانی شغلی به این قشر و مسدود نمودن آن روزنه هاست. البته شرایط شغلی همه مددکاران اجتماعی فرسوده کننده نیست و این مبحث شامل خصوصا مددکارانی است که در بخش های فعال در حوزه های مختلف آسیبهای اجتماعی همچون کودک آزاری ها و همسر آزاری و ... مشغول به فعالیت هستند. Yet they were all in perfect health. The view afforded by MRI led to a new causal story: Back pain was the result of abnormalities in the spinal discs, those supple buffers between the vertebrae. Thus presumably the topmost level of the hierarchy (at any stage) will still depend on simple trial-and-error. The first is that our theories about a particular cause and effect are inherently perceptual, infected by all the sensory cheats of vision. (Michotte compared causal beliefs to color perception: We this contact form Biomarkers are molecules whose presence, once detected, are used to infer illness and measure the effect of treatment. Proceedings of the sixth international congress on genetics. Basically, a person that uses the trial and error method will try to a method to see if it is a good solution. Lab Scientists Say Outside Comment Collections Concussions Explainers Women in STEM Zika Science News Current Issue TechnologyMathematicsTeaching Science To really learn, fail — then fail again! Animals Tasmanian devils begin to resist infectious cancer Planets A trail of cosmic dust may lead to alien life Health How fossil fuel use threatens kids’ health Science News for Students Photo: Mauricio Alejo But here's the bad news: The reliance on correlations has entered an age of diminishing returns. However, if a big red ball was moving in front of a little blue ball, the opposite occurred: The blue ball was "following" the red ball. Trial And Error Psychology We look at X and then at Y, and invent a story about what happened in between. It is primarily used to solve the problem. He tries the next one and the one after that. ISBN 978-0-03-053251-1 ^ Thorndike E.L. 1898. Although this account felt true, the brain wasn't seeking the literal truth—it just wanted a plausible story that didn't contradict observation. Trial and error is primarily used to find a single solution to a single problem. Trial And Error Method Example The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Navigation Home Services ERP Solutions Implementation Within a few years, the MRI machine became a crucial diagnostic tool. Setting Your Browser to Accept Cookies There are many reasons why a cookie could not be set correctly. Jae Starr, curiouser and curiouserWritten 168w agoUsing the scientific method means you take notes.Lots and lots of notes.799 ViewsView More AnswersRelated QuestionsAre there other methods of determining the roots of a http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/trial%20and%20error Most Popular Tesla Unveils its New Line of Camouflaged Solar Panels Innovations Tesla Unveils its New Line of Camouflaged Solar Panels 2 days Elections Have Always Been Rigged, But Not Like Trial And Error Method Bei, N. Trial And Error Learning In science, a hypothesis is an idea that must be rigorously tested before it is accepted or rejected.inquiry The act of inquiring, or seeking, information by questioning.membrane A barrier that blocks We are witnessing Moore's law in reverse. http://u2commerce.com/trial-and/trial-and-error.html There's no sensation to compare with this. Instead, they should indirectly point the way by offering some careful, thought-provoking questions.Even without reading the latest research, Hope Weinstein knows that nothing compares to learning by doing. That week, Pfizer's value plummeted by $21 billion. Trial And Error Synonym They also were charged with figuring out how to propel those cars great distances across the floor. SEE ALL Words at Play 8 Old Words for Young People Whippersnapper The Origin of 'Halloween.' Or 'Hallowe'en'? Others traveled in a beeline, right into the legs of chairs — or students. navigate here problem-specific: trial and error makes no attempt to generalize a solution to other problems. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothe...ductive_method __________________ "What lies within always has a form without and that which is without takes a shape within. Trial And Error Method Formula What Character Was Removed from the Alphabet? Last edited by danceswithbunnies; 31-12-2009 at 03:24 PM. Over the next few decades, this hands-off approach to back pain remained the standard medical treatment. This test defines a "significant" result as any data point that would be produced by chance less than 5 percent of the time. To accept cookies from this site, use the Back button and accept the cookie. his comment is here moose. il software di conteggio pezzi tramite comunicazione con un nastro automatico controlla il riempimento dei contenitori, bloccando automaticamente l'avanzamento del nastro trasportatore. l'integrazione con il gestionale AS400 ha consentito di effettuare verifiche sui pesi medi dei campioni e realizzare una interfaccia operatore con tutti i riferiementi degli ordini di lavoro Copyright © 2017 Syntweb srl. All rights reserved. https://artafricamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/MongeziStudioCoverImage.jpg 500 700 Nicola Hohls https://artafricamagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/ART-AFRICA-LOGO-300x62.png Nicola Hohls2015-08-13 09:47:342015-08-13 09:47:34ARTsouthAFRICA in conversazione con Mongezi Ncaphayi Daniel Hewson parla con l'artista sudafricano, Mongezi Ncaphayi, vincitore del Gerard Sekoto Award 2013. Hewson ha trascorso del tempo con l'artista ad Amsterdam in occasione della sua mostra al No Man's Art Gallery. . Daniel Hewson: Quando è iniziato il tuo interesse per l'arte? Mongezi Ncaphayi: In realtà sono stato introdotto per la prima volta al disegno dal mio compagno di scuola elementare. Una volta alla settimana tenevamo anche un corso di arte e ricreazione, dopo il normale orario scolastico che non vedevo l'ora. Ricordo che un giorno mio zio venne a trovarci e vide alcuni dei miei disegni dal mio taccuino. Lo prese e con una penna trasformò una scarpa che avevo disegnato in un uomo con un berretto. Questa è stata la cosa più bella di sempre e volevo essere così bravo a disegnare. Anche se non sono stato esposto all'arte seria crescendo, ho continuato a fare schizzi. Quando avevo circa 17 anni ho partecipato a un corso di disegno per bambini in una biblioteca pubblica locale. Dopo questa esperienza mi è stato consigliato di iscrivermi a studi artistici presso un college locale a Benoni. Sono stato accettato e da allora ho sposato la mia vita con l'arte. Perché pensi che l'arte sia importante per la società? Credo che l'arte sia uno strumento con cui possiamo plasmare e cambiare la società in meglio. Tuttavia dipende da come lo usiamo. L'arte può insegnarci su noi stessi come società e anche come individui, quindi riflette le nostre vite. Possiamo guardare indietro all'arte per dare forma e creare più o meno ciò che vogliamo vedere in futuro. Parlaci del tuo amore per l'astrazione: quando hai iniziato a fare arte astratta? Come decidi sulle composizioni? Li pianifichi o si evolvono mentre li fai? Penso che abbia molto a che fare con la musica a cui sono stato esposto da bambino e sono cresciuto ascoltando: il jazz. Sono sempre affascinato dal modo in cui i musicisti possono comunicare ed esprimere un sentimento puramente attraverso il suono (soprattutto senza testi). In qualità di ascoltatore ti viene dato spazio per metterlo in relazione con le tue esperienze e idee. Mi piace il fatto che ti faccia pensare e impegnarti con esso e non solo essere il destinatario. Quindi vedo i miei lavori astratti come composizioni musicali in una forma visiva. Sono stato introdotto all'arte astratta durante il mio corso di storia dell'arte. Sono ancora ispirato dalle opere di Kandinsky, Mondrian e altri artisti che fanno parte del movimento dell'Espressionismo Astratto. Tuttavia è stato solo nel 2011, quando sono andato a frequentare la School of the Museum of Fine Arts negli Stati Uniti, che mi sono sentito obbligato a passare dal lavoro grafico e rappresentativo che stavo realizzando all'astrazione. Ho scoperto che c'era così tanta arte astratta a scuola e nella scena artistica di Boston rispetto a ciò a cui ero esposto a casa. Non sto dicendo che non ci sia arte astratta in Sud Africa, è solo limitata. Non pianifico davvero le mie composizioni. Mi affido alla mia intuizione e spontaneità, e sì, si evolvono semplicemente mentre le creo. Se metto un segno, il secondo segno si baserebbe sul primo segno e lo stesso vale per il resto dei segni, delle forme e dei colori. Lascio che l'opera d'arte mi guidi attraverso le sue varie direzioni. Quando ha raggiunto quel punto finale, l'opera d'arte mi dice di fermarmi. Recentemente hai iniziato a dipingere di più. Com'è stato e come si confronta con l'incisione? Mi piace dipingere tanto quanto mi piace fare stampe, anche se è un processo completamente diverso. Mi piace il fatto che abbia le sue sfide e i suoi problemi da risolvere. Mi piace l'immediatezza della pittura tanto quanto il senso di intrigo che si ricava dal fare stampe. Sono due mezzi in cui mi piace lavorare e mi piace il modo in cui trasmettono le mie idee. Recentemente sei stato ad Amsterdam e Parigi. Raccontaci di questo viaggio. Cosa hai fatto e cosa hai imparato da questa esperienza? Sono andato ad Amsterdam su invito della No Man's Art Gallery, che rappresenta il mio lavoro nei Paesi Bassi e in mostre temporanee internazionali. Il mio lavoro è stato presentato in due mostre collettive ed esposto anche alla KunstRAI Amsterdam Art Fair. Il viaggio è stato più come un programma di residenza in cui ho potuto lavorare, interagire con gli artisti locali e visitare musei. A Parigi, sono stato invitato di nuovo a lavorare con l'Atelier Le Grand Village, un laboratorio di litografia con cui ho lavorato l'anno scorso quando ero in residenza presso la Cité Internationale des Arts di Parigi. In realtà avevo degli "affari in sospeso" e ho iniziato a lavorare su alcuni nuovi lavori in preparazione per la mia mostra entro la fine dell'anno. L'intera esperienza è stata gratificante perché era la prima volta che mostravo un lavoro ad Amsterdam e la risposta è stata molto buona. Ho imparato che sono sulla strada giusta con quello che sto facendo e che i miei lavori sono in realtà di alta qualità che si addice agli standard internazionali (qualunque cosa significhi). Cosa ti piace essere un artista e cosa trovi stimolante? Attualmente mi piace viaggiare attraverso il mio lavoro, incontrare altri artisti e partecipare a entusiasmanti programmi di scambio culturale. L'unica cosa che trovo stimolante è il tempo limitato che ho con la mia famiglia. Ci sono artisti contemporanei di cui ammiri attualmente le opere? Sono stato davvero colpito da due artisti che hanno mostrato al mio fianco ad Amsterdam; Bertrand Peyrot è un artista francese che realizza opere astratte meravigliosamente corrosive su fogli di metallo e Aixia Li, un'artista cinese multimediale le cui fotografie di giochi da teatro riflettono sulla trasformazione dell'infanzia in età adulta e dall'età adulta all'infanzia e sul rifiuto comune di farlo. Daniel Hewson è un curatore, educatore, scrittore e artista. August 4, 2014 Putting Students in the Driver’s Seat: Technology Projects to Decrease Passivity Passivity still seems to be the norm for most college courses: students pass
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constructed buildings are more likely to withstand shaking, wind, rain, hail or other forces of Mother Nature. Building codes set standards for construction quality, and the more stringent and better enforced a community’s building codes are, the higher the chances buildings will survive a natural disaster. For property insurers, knowing more about building codes in a community helps you better understand the risk you’re taking on and more accurately determine premiums. Once a building is completed, a local official usually conducts a final inspection. The WSRB Guide to Community Ratings So how can you, the underwriter, find out more about local building codes? We produce data to help you. When we evaluate a community’s Protection Class (PC), we also look at: - How stringent the local community’s building codes are. - How effectively that community enforces those codes. Based on this information, we generate a Building Code Effectiveness Grading Schedule (BCEGS®) classification for each community. How BCEGS works and what the classifications mean The BCEGS classification for a community ranges from 1 to 10, with 1 indicating exemplary code enforcement and 10 indicating no recognizable code enforcement. The BCEGS classification for an individual building depends on both where it is and when it was completed. A builder must adhere to the local building codes in effect at the time of construction, and building codes and their enforcement can change over time within a community. When you look up a BCEGS classification on our website or have it fed directly into your underwriting system via application programming interface (API), you’ll need to know: - The building’s address or the community in which it is located. - The year the building’s certificate of occupancy was issued or the final inspection was completed. Specific instructions on how to get BCEGS data are below. But first, here are a few other important notes about BCEGS: - The earliest year BCEGS classification data is available for any community is 1997, the first year of evaluations. However, not every community was evaluated that first year, so the earliest year BCEGS classification data is available for many communities will be 1998, 1999 or later. - If a BCEGS classification is not available for a property or community for a certain year, you’ll see a classification of 99 rather than 1 through 10. - Most, but not all, communities participate in the BCEGS evaluation process. For properties in communities that don’t participate, you’ll also see a classification of 99 rather than 1 through 10. - If the insurer you work for does not currently use BCEGS in the underwriting process and wants to start using it, your employer will first need to notify the Office of Insurance Commissioner (OIC) and get OIC approval. How to find BCEGS on our website One way to look up a BCEGS classification on our website is with Protection. After you login, click on Protection. The "Search Option" drop-down menu will default to "Address Search." Leave it as is, and enter the address of a property in Washington state. In the drop-down menu next to "BCEGS Year," select the year the building's certificate of occupancy was issued or the final inspection was completed. Click on "Search." You'll see the results for Protection Class. At the bottom of the results, you'll see "BCEGS Scores." Click on this link, and you'll see the BCEGS classification for dwellings (DL) and commercial (CL). How to get BCEGS data fed directly to your underwriting system We offer all Subscribers the option to access our data through an API, allowing you to have BCEGS data fed directly into your underwriting system and saving you time. To set up an API, your information technology team will need to work with our technology solutions team. The setup process is quick and can be completed within a few days. Contact us at 206-217-9772 or by clicking here to begin the process. تیم ووشوی دانشجویان ایران با کسب چهار مدال طلا به مقام قهرمانی رقابت های دانشجویان جهان در بخش ساندا دست یافت. به گزارش پایگاه خبری احوال نیوز، به نقل از روابط عمومی فدراسیون ووشو؛ رقابت های ووشوی قهرمانی دانشجویان جهان که از روز پنجشنبه با حضور 250 ووشوکار از 26 کشور به میزبانی کشور «ماکائو» آغاز به کار کرده بود، ظهر امروز(یکشنبه) به پایان رسید. در روز پایانی این رقابت ها، چهار سانداکار ایران که به دیدار پایانی اوزان مختلف بخش دختران و پسران راه یافته بودند، همگی با غلبه بر حریفان خود به مدال طلا رسیدند. این امر سبب شد تا تیم ووشو دانشجویان ایران علاوه بر رسیدن به عنوان قهرمانی در بخش ساندا، در مجموع دو بخش تالو و ساندا با کسب چهار مدال طلا عنوان نائب قهرمانی جهان را به خود اختصاص داده تا بار دیگر توان ووشوی ایران به رخ حریفان کشیده شود. این نخستین بار است که تیم ووشو دانشجویان ایران به این عنوان ارزشمند در این سطح از رقابت ها دست می یابد. چین در مجموع با کسب ٦ مدال طلا به عنوان قهرمانی دست یافت و ایران با ٤ مدال طلا دوم شد و مالزی با کسب ٣ مدال طلا، ٢ نقره و ٣ برنز به مقام سومی این رقابت ها رسید. **اسامی مدال آوران ایران: *مدال طلا/ *«زهره شهپری» وزن منهای ٦٠ کیلوگرم ساندای دختران *«علیرضا ریکی» وزن منهای ٦٠ کیلوگرم ساندای پسران *«حمیدرضا سهندی» وزن منهای ٧٠ کیلوگرم ساندای پسران *«امیر کریمی» وزن منهای ٨٠ کیلوگرم ساندای پسران ایرنا انتهای پیام /* Core Teaching Practices for Health Education BookCore practices—content-specific practices that offer strategies to support student learning—are common in many subject areas but have been curiously missing for health educators . . . until now. Core Teaching Practices for Health Education is a compact and precise book that serves up effective core teaching practices for preservice and practicing health educators as well as for health teacher educators. Teachers can apply the evidence-based practical tips and strategies the minute they step into their classrooms; even veteran instructors will discover new teaching tactics that will be useful. Core Teaching Practices for Health Education offers the following: - Twenty-first-century teaching skills that are specific to health education - Practices that are highly transferable across the spectrum of health education and applicable across grade levels - Fifteen concise and practical chapters, each of which details a core practice in action, explains the practice, gives additional examples of the practice, and provides clear guidance on how to use the practice in health classrooms Great Prep for Teaching Assessments Such as the edTPA The text is a great resource for aspiring teachers as they embark on their student teaching semester and as they prepare for teaching assessments such as the edTPA, increasingly required in many states. They will learn how to design lesson plans, unit plans, and complete health education curricula to effectively teach health concepts and skills; this directly relates to the video portion of the edTPA. In addition, the book’s final two chapters directly relate to the Analyzing Teaching portion of the edTPA Ideal for Preparing Curriculum In addition, Core Teaching Practices for Health Education is ideal for teachers who are charged with creating health curricula for middle and high school programs—and for other teachers who are thrust into the role of health educators with little or no health education background. Core Teaching Practices for Health Education is organized into three parts. Part I introduces the idea of core practices and focuses on planning to teach health education (e.g., big ideas, enduring understandings, essential questions, sequencing health content, assessment). Part II explores the pedagogy of health education, including organizational routines and procedures, building a safe and caring environment that is focused on learning, and adapting instruction to meet the needs of students. Part III guides readers through reflective practices on teaching and lesson improvement. Each core practice has its own chapter. Perfect Companion to Two Other Guides This affordable guide is a perfect companion to Essentials of Teaching Health Education, Second Edition, by Sarah Benes and Holly Alperin (Human Kinetics, 2022) and Health Education edTPA Online Preparation Guide by Stacy Furness (Human Kinetics, 2022). For future teachers in states that require the edTPA, these three resources supply everything they need to become successful health educators. Preservice teachers, current teachers, and health teacher educators will find Core Teaching Practices for Health Education to be of lasting value as they use the book’s health-education-specific teaching practices to improve teaching and learning. AudienceReference for preservice and practicing health educators as well as health education teacher educators. Supplemental text for HETE courses. Table of ContentsPart I. Planning for Teaching Chapter 1. Improving Your Effectiveness Using Core Practices of Teaching Health Education Chapter 2. Big Ideas Chapter 3. Using Enduring Understandings to Focus Student Learning Chapter 4. Using Essential Questions to Promote Enduring Understandings Chapter 5. Sequencing Health Content Chapter 6. Teaching Health Content Chapter 7. Assessing Learning Part II. Pedagogical Considerations Chapter 8. Creating Expectations Using Rules and Managerial Routines Chapter 9. Building a Classroom Community That Is Positive, Safe, Caring, Inclusive, and Focused on Learning Chapter 10. Facilitating Classroom Discussion Chapter 11. Providing Feedback to Students Chapter 12. Adapting Teaching to Meet the Needs of Students Chapter 13. Developing Students’ Decision-Making Skills Part III. Reflective Practices Chapter 14. Reflecting on Teaching Chapter 15. Being a Professional 42 Alien Planets Found Forty volunteers with the crowd-sourcing Planet Hunters project discovered the new planet candidates, which include 15 potentially habitable worlds and PH2 b, a Jupiter-size planet that the team confirmed to be in the habitable zone of its parent star. This is the second time Planet Hunters project, which is overseen by Zooniverse, has confirmed a new exoplanet discovery. What's more, several candidate planets found by the project may be in the habitable zones of their parent stars. These candidates are awaiting confirmation by professional astronomers. Researchers suggested this bonanza of planets in the so-called Goldilocks zone around a star, a habitable zone in which conditions are liquid water to exist on a planet’s surface and potentially supportlife, could mean there is a "traffic jam" of worlds where life could exist, project officials said. "These are planet candidates that slipped through the net, being missed by professional astronomers and rescued by volunteers in front of their web browsers,” said the University of Oxford's Chris Lintott, who helms the Zooniverse, in a statement. “It's remarkable to think that absolutely anyone can discover a planet.” Research & Publications As content creators, it is important to understand accessibility guidelines apply whether you are creating an Adobe PDF document or web page. Below is a sample overview of general guidelines for creating accessible research & scholarly works: General Accessibility Guidelines The University has guidelines on making content accessible. You can view the detailed information about the guidelines on the Creating Accessible Web Content page. Here is a brief overview of the basic components to making content accessible: - Use correct heading structure - Add alternative text to all images, including charts and graphs - Include appropriate language tags for the document - User proper color contrast - Do not use color as the sole means of conveying information - Use descriptive link text and avoid generic titles, such as "Click Here" - Use synchronized captions on videos To assist in your efforts to create accessible documents, the Research & Scholarly Works subcommittee has developed the following two strategies: Research and Scholarly Works Content Guidelines What Constitutes Research and Scholarly Works for Accessibility Compliance? Research and Scholarly Works (including Creative Works) covers two broad areas. First, Research and Scholarly Works covers the scholarly output of faculty. This includes traditional forms of publication such as any content published by the University or made available through University servers or systems, including but not limited to journal articles, books, and book chapters, as well as creative endeavors. It also includes grey literature such as posters, paper presentations, and technical reports. Additionally, this may include newer forms of scholarship such as a research based blogs, podcasts, datasets, or applications developed by faculty for scholarly purposes. Second, it includes all of the tools that support the research, scholarship, and creativity of faculty and students. For example, statistical software would fall into this area. Library databases do not fall into this category. What is included in Research and Scholarly Works?Anything you make publicly available as a researcher must be made accessible according to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines [WCAG] 2.0 Level AA. For more information or help with guidelines for departmental webpages, see " Creating Accessible Web Content." Examples of content that must be accessible in the Research/Graduate areas include, but are not limited to: - Theses and Dissertations - Scholarly and technical articles, reports, posters, and presentations, including grant related materials - Data files (PDF, audio, video, images, software-specific data sets) - University publications such as scholarly and technical journals (e.g. Nevada State Undergraduate Research Journal) - Research related tools, software, and notes - Expository or lecture notes - University developed software tools (open source, freeware... etc.) - Lab websites with research output - Creative online content (visual, aural, mixed media) What to do with non-accessible but critical content: In very rare circumstances, you may believe you have content that is critical to be made available but that cannot be made accessible. If you think this describes your situation, you can submit your content and case to the Research and Scholarly Works Subcommittee for further review and action. Please email the committee with the content, who needs to access the content, and why it is necessary at Accessibility@unr.edu. 昨日24日发布原创网络电影“闪耀驱动器(榜首部分)”的YUKI宣告视频的第二部分将于5月31日星期三21:00至24:00独家发布。 。 “Bakiaki Drive”是YUKI驾驭东京车内的故事,叙述了最新专辑“Bakeki”制造的隐秘故事。 在昨日发布的榜首部分中,YUKI和歌曲一同演唱,叙述了迄今没有发行的专辑录制内容的内情,只能看到YUKI的一瞥,一般看不到,它引起了人们的留意。 “blink drive”的第二部分也在5月31日星期三21:00到24:00的限制3小时内发布在YUKI网站的主页,这是YUKI的官方网站,笔直类型与智能手机兼容将在视频中发布。 Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335). Environment / Climate / Range Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9710), usually 0 - 90 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 27115); 26°N - 36°S, 25°E - 85°W (Ref. 57245) Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age Maturity: Lm 8.8 range ? - ? cm Max length : 27.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3145); common length : 17.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9267) soft rays: 19 - 22. Body olivaceous gray, with 4 vertical stripes (1 stripe on head across the yellow eye; 1 on caudal peduncle); shading to white ventrally, often with a sharp line of demarcation. Sharp, forward-pointing, erectile spine on each side of caudal peduncle which folds down into a groove. Scales minute. Teeth with denticulations on sides and top. Gill rakers 18-22 in anterior row, 19-24
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تصمیمی در مورد فدراسیون ایران می گیرد. این روزها سخت ترین روزی های دوچرخه سواری ایران محسوب می شود و باید دید وزارت ورزش جدید و کمیته ملی المپیک چه برنامه ای برای بیرون آوردن این فدراسیون از معضلاتی که گریبان گیرش شده اند، خواهند داشت. انتهای پیام کا در کل کشور یک پیست چوبی استاندارد با تاکید بر استاندارد که مورد تایید فدراسیون جهانی قرار بگیرد نداریم. چند پیست نیمه کاره از 40 سال قبل تا حالا، یک پیست از رده خارج مخروبه (آزادی) و چند پیست تکمیل شده و افتتاح شده (همراه با انواغ غلط های اجرایی و فنی و استفاده غلط و رو به تخریب و غیر استاندارد) داریم. در تمام این سالها جز شعار و دروغ از وزیران و مدیران ورزش صدایی نیومد. هزینه صدها مدال چقدر بود که همه را در فوتبال تاراج کردید؟ فدراسیون دوچرخه سواری سخت ترین روزهای خود را پشت سر می گذارد و با مشکلات و معضلات زیادی روبرو است. CHAPTER 2 – Thatchfield Great Cave My account of our visit to Thatchfield Great Cave will perhaps help to cleanse the reader’s minds of some of the more gruesome aspects of the visit to Hutchinson’s Hole that were described in Chapter 1. It also better represents our more normal caving activities, in particular, the biological factors that the Jamaican Caves Organization looks for as part of our assessment work. Thatchfield Cave is a very beautiful, very valuable cave found in northern Saint Ann. We hope that by describing this beauty and value we do not start a stampede to it. Regular human visitation would result in great damage. We ask that if you wish to visit it, you content yourself by peering down into the giant Lighthole Entrance and leave it at that. The following account is based substantially on my notes for Jan 25, 2004, and has been left in the same format. Jan 25, 2004 THATCHFIELD GREAT CAVE Field notes: R. S. STEWART Cavers: R. S. Stewart, I. C. Conolley, S. McCall, M. Bellinger Time in: 12:25 EST, Time out: 17:45 EST THREAT VULNERABILITY: High Thatchfield Great Cave is truly a great cave. The biology, hydrology, and sheer beauty of this cave make it one of the most important of the underground realms to be found on the island of Jamaica. A visit to Thatchfield Great Cave was high on the agenda for the January, 2004 session. We had several objectives for this cave, not least of which was to do a basic assessment that would supply a biological snapshot of the condition of the cave in early 2004. Although none of the team that would visit Thatchfield on this day were biologists, an assessment process had been established, with the collaboration of the WRC, and others, that would enable simple cavers such as us to glean pertinent data from our otherwise anecdotal observations. This expedition was our first trial-run of the process and Thatchfield was a very good cave to include in this first, particularly organized, collection of data. Thatchfield Cave was an important inclusion for several reasons: It supplies housing for one of the greatest collections of bats in Jamaica, (over the years, there has been occasional speculation about using this cave for tourism, and although it is doubtful as to whether this will ever happen, it seemed circumspect that we have a look a things before this began and note approximate bat numbers in the main roosting chambers so that there would be baseline data), we see a potential for further exploration, believing that there are perhaps extensions past the drop in the, “New Cave”, and most importantly, as cavers, this cave is as enticing as any to be found on the planet, and we of course wanted to get to know it. On the morning of January 25, 2004, the crew headed for Thatchfield Cave. This was our second day of the expedition, the first having been spent in St James continuing the survey of Roehampton School Cave, fighting wasps at Windsor Castle Cave, and adding “Comfort Hall St James Cave” to the Register. Mark Bellinger, Ivor Conolley, and I, Stefan Stewart, had spent the night in Windsor, and despite the attractions of Miss Lilly’s Bar in Coxheath, managed to wake at a decent hour. Today, we would be traveling in two cars. Ivor had his car, and I had the rental from Alex’s. Because I was behind the wheel of a fairly new car, with brakes that actually worked, and steering that steered, I headed out first to link with Sarah McCall who awaited us in Falmouth. Yesterday, we’d been close to two hours late and I was very intent on cutting that time back to thirty minutes. As it turned out, thanks to having no livestock or taxi induced collisions on the way, I was able to link with Sarah close to the planned-on time, (around 30 minutes late). Of course, we had to wait for Ivor and Mark to catch up, and then hit the Wholesale’s for batteries, so in the end things took their own time happening. Shortly before noon, we arrived in Thatchfield, Saint Ann. Surprisingly quickly; we linked with a local man who knew exactly where the cave was located. Although I’d made a brief visit to Thatchfield years ago, I had little recollection of the place, and this gentleman speeded things up greatly. On the way to the cave, we learned that it was his birthday. We asked if we were taking him away from anything, but he seemed happy linking with us for the cave. By the end of the session, he still seemed happy that he had. Unfortunately, I know I have his contact info and name somewhere, but I haven’t found it yet. I believe that Ivor has it as well. He was a cool guy. Thatchfield Great Cave has three ways in: The Lighthole, Entrance 1, and Entrance 2. The Lighthole, a rather pedestrian name for a very spectacular feature, is within 30 meters of the road that leads to the cave from Thatchfield. This is where we first made contact with the cave. Most lightholes, of course, are merely places where a cave has reached the surface. In Jamaica, they tend to be on the order of 1 to 5 meters wide and are usually found in simple breakdown caves that occur high in hills, or in stream-passage systems that are not deeply situated. In the case of breakdown caves, a common layout is this: A large entrance is found in a saddle (or col), that leads into one, or several linked, breakdown chambers. They are very ancient caves and while they were growing upwards, the surrounding terrain was being lowered through Karst type erosion and collapse. Eventually, large chambers are formed that are at elevations well above the surrounding bottomland, and eventually they manage to cut small holes through to the top of the hill in which they have formed. The process does not stop here, but does also not proceed at as gradual a pace as it did for the hundreds of thousands of years that came before; there is a relatively rapid change from small lighthole to collapsed cave. One seldom sees the intermediate state. Because in many cases these breakdown type caves are not great in extent, consisting of only several chambers at best, when the roof comes down, that’s it for the cave. There is no more cave, just another collapsed area that has widened the saddle and has continued on its way to becoming more bottomland. The Lighthole at Thatchfield Great Cave is different. At Thatchfield, the large chamber that carved its way up to the surface, and then collapsed, is part of a much larger system. The cave originally formed as a large river cave, long years ago. Because the limestone in which it formed is of a soft, amorphous type, the original large stream-passage has grown through percolation and breakdown to become much larger. It retains its original length, and is in fact still growing, but the early stream-passage, and its tributaries, have grown to massive proportions. The Lighthole chamber, at the upstream end, even when fallen in, was still part of a much larger system and remains part of it. Upstream, and downstream, the rest of the cave survived and continued growing. The Lighthole just became a spectacular way to access this cave The Lighthole, unmeasured by us but about 35 m across, was how we intended to enter the cave. Although we knew that there were two small entrances to the north that would not require vertigear, the drop into this giant Lighthole pit was the most enticing way in. From the edge, because the upper part is somewhat funnel-shaped, we couldn’t see the bottom, but being fairly certain that the 60 m line would do it; we scanned for the best anchor point, the north, and then started rigging the drop. Because of the great width of the hole, we couldn’t divert the main-line away from the rock wall down which we would enter the hole, but we chose the most vertical, smoothest looking spot so we could avoid sharp edges, and tied off to a large tree. The rope was lowered into the hole, and since I was the person who had brought the crew here, and chosen the descent point, and tied the rope, it seemed proper that I be the guinea pig and go down first. Accordingly, I harnessed up and got on-rope. As soon as I had done this, I realized that I had left my cigarettes in the car, and because I have to have a few quick puffs on a smoke before I begin every major descent, in case it is my last ever chance to do so, I had to temporarily abort the rappel. I confess, I asked Mark to run up to the car to get them for me... I felt a little guilty, him being a non-smoker, and me taking advantage of my position as the “expert”, but I was on the rope already and standard procedure for me is to get on rope, light a smoke, have several puffs, put it out, then head down, and I didn’t want to mess with the routine. I was already set to descend, my first rope-work of the session, and I didn’t want to jinx things. Mark, bless his heart, got my cigarettes; I had a few puffs, and then headed down. After about 10 meters, I could see to the bottom of the hole. There was rope visible on the floor. Things were good. After another 5 meters, I left the wall of the pit behind as I descended into the lower, wider part of this ancient collapsed breakdown chamber. The upper part, some 35 m wide, gave way to a chamber twice as wide. The wall pulled away and the rappel became very beautiful. I slowly slid down the line, with my left hand on the figure-8 checking for heat, and felt very alive and very glad to be so. Too soon, I was at the bottom, about 45 m down. The descender had built up some real heat by the bottom, so I tried to get the rope slacked in it as fast as possible, while not burning my hands, and after a minute was able to get off-rope. I gave a shout to those up-top that I was down and the next person could come ahead. Because of the distance, communication was difficult. I had forgotten to bring the walkie-talkies. The plan had been that Sarah would come next, then Ivor. Sarah didn’t have a lot of experience on long drops and I was concerned that it might be a little much for her first descent. It is a sad comment on my skills as an expedition leader that this didn’t truly occur to me until I was at the bottom; on this second day of the expedition, I was thinking mostly in terms of mechanics rather than the welfare of those whom I was supposed to be safe-guarding. In order to mitigate the potential damage, I moved just far enough to the side of the chamber to avoid rock fall, with the end of the rope in hand, and put tension on the line so that I could perhaps slow down an out of control rappeller. Peering upwards, I eventually saw the next person coming down. I could soon make out that it was Mark. Mark Bellinger, American Peace Corps volunteer, and a very cool guy, had experience with Single Rope Technique. I did a turn of the rope around a leg, just in case, so I could get to it fast, and got out the camera. Looking up, this was obviously great photo potential. It was also very cool just watching him come down. I got several shots as he descended, one of which is being used extensively on the website. Mark arrived at the bottom, after having made a very controlled, very safe rappel, got off rope, and then we shouted up that we were clear. Within five minutes, we could see another person on the rope a great distance above us. It wasn’t until the next rappeller was about a third of the way down that we could even tell who it was. Ivor was on the rope, coming down in good form, and five minutes later he was carefully detaching his hot descender from the line. We learned that Sarah had wisely decided to sit out this descent and would stay up top with the birthday boy. We had the map for the known part of the cave, and we knew which way led to the two lower entrances and which way led further into the cave. Mark made the very good suggestion that we first find the lower entrances so that we would know if we would need to ascend the rope to get back out, or if we could just exit out the found lower entrances, thus not having to plan on time for three people to ascend 45 meters. This turned out to be an excellent suggestion. The three of us headed to the north to seek out the other entrances. A large, level passage, of about 14 m width and 10 high, extends for about 30 m to the north and then begins to rise over boulders. This leads up to a chamber that offers steeply ascending routes to both left and right. I took the right-hand route, and after scrambling up through an ever-shrinking extension of the chamber, reached a dead-end. As I worked my way back down, Ivor worked his way to the route on the left. High in this direction, Ivor made a last climb/scramble and found a way on. This, after another 10 meters, arrived at Entrance 1. We all followed him up, and made our way out to the sunshine to have a look. Entrance 1 was quite small, about 1.5 m high and twice that wide, up about 10 m on the side of a hill. We now knew that we would not have to spend an hour or two ascending the rope to exit the cave, and we would have that much more time to spend in it. It was at this point that I redeemed myself as the expedition leader. I realized that we could easily walk around to the Lighthole entrance, pull the rope, get Sarah and our local assistant, and bring them into the cave through Entrance 1. I did just that, and not long afterwards, all five of us were assembled at Entrance 1 and heading back into the cave. A close look inside Entrance 1 found an eleutherodactylus, (a type of frog that likes caves), but no invertebrates. This part of the cave is very dry due to it receiving a diurnal convective flow of air coming from the Lighthole. We then retraced our steps back to the Lighthole, and made our way to the other side. I took a course straight across, but Ivor moved along close to the southeast wall, finding on the way the large opening that begins the route to Entrance 2. I came back, and we had a good look. There is a drop of about 10 m into a medium sized chamber, and because our main goal was to get into the “New Cave”, we slated it for the future and carried
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گرم مسابقات کشتی آزاد جام جهان پهلوان تختی با اتفاقی عجیب همراه بود. در فینال وزن 97 کیلوگرم کشتی آزاد جام تختی، رضا یزدانی و امین محمدی به مصاف هم رفتند. درحالی که 36 ثانیه از زمان این کشتی گذشته بود، یزدانی پای حریف را در اختیار گرفت و او را به بیرون برد. در حالی که پای محمدی توسط یزدانی بالا برده شده بود، او به خارج از تشک رفت و به روی میز داوری افتاد. این حرکت باعث برهم ریخته شدن میز داوری و سقوط محمد به همراه یکی از داوران از سکو شد. همچنین اتفاقی که در فینال وزن 97 کیلوگرم رخ داد، منجر به وقفهای چند دقیقهای در برگزاری آن شد. دادا. (اِ) هر کنیزی را گویند عموماً و پیر کنیزکی را که از طفلی خدمت کسی کرده باشد خصوصاً. (برهان ). داه پیر که خدمت اطفال کند و مطلق کنیز را نیز گفته اند. دده : بیرون بر از این طفلی ما را برهان ای جان ازمنت هر داد و وز غصه ٔ هر دادا. راست بشنو صوفیا بالله ز من خواهری داری بصورت به ز من گر ببینی حسن مهرآرای او تو مرا خوانی یقین دادای او. || قابله را نیز گویند که ماماچه باشد. (لغت محلی شوشتر). زنی که اطفال را در وقت زادن گیرد. || به هندی جد پدری را گویند. || پدر در تداول مردم قزوین از زبان کودکان ؛ دادات آمد، پدرت آمد. || در تداول مردم قزوین این کلمه در آغاز اسامی اشخاص درآید نظیر کلمه ٔ «بابا»؛ دادا علی . دادا حسین . و جز آن و این مأخوذ از معنای ماقبل است . The tonsils are a pair of tissues in the back of the throat that protect the body from infection by trapping viruses and bacteria. Due to their frequent contact with germs, they are susceptible to infection themselves, a condition known as tonsillitis. This is usually confined to children, since the tonsils’ role as defenders of the immune system declines significantly following the onset of puberty. How To Tell if Your Child Has Tonsillitis Tonsillitis most often affects preschool-aged children through those in their mid-teens. There are a number of signs to watch out for, including: - Tonsils that are red and/or swollen - White or yellow patches on the tonsils - Sore throat - Difficulty swallowing - Enlarged lymph nodes - Muffled voice - Bad breath In younger children, look for excessive drooling, increased irritability, and a refusal to eat. How is Tonsillitis Treated? The treatment for Tonsillitis depends on whether it is being caused by a virus or bacteria. There is no way to tell based upon a visual examination alone, so a rapid strep test or throat culture is usually required. The streptococcus bacterium, the same one responsible for strep throat, is a frequent culprit. Antibiotic therapy (usually penicillin) is the recommended treatment solution for bacterial infections. It is important to take the full course of antibiotics as prescribed even if symptoms improve in order to avoid a relapse that could cause the infection to spread to other parts of the body. Viral infections are less serious and should clear up without medical treatment within 7 to 10 days. Home remedies can provide comfort and relief; these include making sure your child receives plenty of rest and fluids. Warm liquids such as soup or broth, and cold treats like popsicles can help soothe the throat and prevent dehydration. A saltwater gargle several times a day will ease discomfort. Using a humidifier will moisten the air and prevent additional throat irritation, and lozenges or over-the-counter medications can be given for pain relief. As always with children, avoid aspirin. If antibiotics are ineffective or tonsillitis recurs frequently, surgical removal of the tonsils (a procedure known as a tonsillectomy) may be recommended. Il pilota della Hendrick Motorsport si rilancia prepotentemente in ottica Chase for the Cup Kasey Kahne ha fatto un passo importante verso la conquista di un posto nella Chase for the Cup 2012 andando ad imporsi nella gara di Loudon della NASCAR Sprint Cup. Per il pilota della Hendrick Motorsports si tratta della seconda affermazione stagionale e quindi gli permette di andare a conquistare la vetta della classifica riservata alle wild card. Dopo essere scattato dalla prima fila, Kahne ha navigato nella top five per tutta la distanza di gara, conquistando la leadership della classifica durante l'ultimo pit stop, che è avvenuto in regime di caution, dopo che David Reutimann aveva inondato la pista di olio con la rottura del propulsore a 67 giri dalla fine. A pagare è stata la scelta di Kasey di montare solamente due gomme nuove, a differenza del mattatore Denny Hamlin, che sostituendole tutte e quattro si è ritrovato solamente in 13esima posizione in occasione dell'ultimo restart. Pur avendo comandato le operazioni per ben 151 dei 301 giri previsti, ed essendo stato bravissimo a risalire la china con una serie di sorpassi spettacolari, Hamlin si è quindi dovuto accontentare del secondo posto finale, perdendo tre punti bonus che potevano essere molto preziosi nella corsa alla Chase for the Cup. Al terzo posto si piazzato poi Clint Bowyer, anche lui risalito di diverse posizioni in occasione dell'ultimo pit stop. Il pilota della Michael Waltrip Racing ha preceduto Dale Earnhardt Jr e Brad Keselowski. Una sequenza errata di pit stop ha invece fatto precipitare al 16esimo posto il poleman Kyle Busch, che nella prima parte di gara era stato anche al comando per una settantina di giri. When the International Meteorological Organization defined the first climate normal from 1900 to 1930, the belief was that the climate was constant, and that the newly defined climate ‘normal’ would give a close approximation to the climate. Today, we still use the 30 year ‘normal’ period – referring now to 1960-1990 – but we acknowledge that it is not immutable, that even without anthropogenic effects, that even due to natural causes, the climate changes. But what then is the climate and what is the difference between the climate and the weather? Mark Twain once quipped: “Climate lasts all the time and weather only a few days”. This is close to the popular dictum: “the climate is what you expect, the weather is what you get” [Heinlein, 1973]. Since most people ‘expect’ averages, this concurs with the reigning idea that the climate is a kind of ‘average’ weather. Similarly, the use of Global Climate Models (GCM’s) to predict the climate is based on the idea that for given boundary conditions (solar output, atmospheric composition, volcanic eruptions, land use), that “the climate is what you expect”. While all this sounds reasonable, it turns out that it is not based on analysis of real world data. In recent papers “What is climate?” and “The climate is not what you expect” ([Lovejoy, 2013], [Lovejoy and Schertzer, 2013]) we used a new kind of ‘fluctuation analysis’ to show that – at least up to 100,000 years – that that there are not two, but rather three atmospheric regimes each with different types of variability. In between the weather (periods less than 10 days) and the climate (periods longer than ≈ 30 years), there is a new intermediate ‘macroweather’ regime. What does it mean to define a regime by its type of variability? An illustration makes it intuitive. Consider Fig. 1 whichs shows examples from weather scales (1 hour resolution, bottom), macroweather (20 days, middle) and climate (1 century, top). Fig. 1: Dynamics and types of scaling variability: Representative temperature series from weather, macroweather and climate (bottom to top respectively). Each samples is 720 points long and was normalized by its overall range (bottom to top: 27.8o C, 16.84 o C, 7.27 o C, dashed lines indicate means). The resolutions are 1 hour, 20 days and 1 century, the data are from, Lander Wyoming, the 20th Century reanalysis and Vostok (Deuterium paleotemperatures, antarctic) adapted from [Lovejoy, 2013]. The daily and annual cycles were removed and 720 consecutive points from each resolution are shown so that the differences in the characters of each regime are visually obvious. At the bottom, the weather curve ‘wanders’ up or down resembling a drunkard’s walk, typically increasing over longer and longer times periods. In the middle, the macroweather curve has a totally different character: upward fluctuations are typically followed by nearly cancelling downward ones (and visa versa). Averages over longer and longer times tend to converge, apparently vindicating “the climate is what you expect” idea: we anticipate that at decadal or at least centennial scales that averages will be virtually constant with only slow, small amplitude variations. However (top) the century scale climate curve displays again a weather-like (wandering) variability. Although this plot shows temperatures, other atmospheric fields (wind, humidity, precipitation, etc.) are similar. There are thus three qualitatively different regimes, a fact was first recognized in the 1980’s and that has been confirmed several time since, but whose significance has not been appreciated [Lovejoy and Schertzer, 1986], [Pelletier, 1998], [Huybers and Curry, 2006]. The old analyses were based on analyzing temperature differences and spectra, and these suffered from various technical limitations and from difficulties in interpretation. The new technique works by defining fluctuations over a give time interval by the difference of averages over the first and the second halves of the interval; it is thus very easy to interpret. In the ‘wandering’ weather and climate regimes, the averaging in the definition isn’t important, fluctuations are essentially differences. In the cancelling ‘macroweather’ regime, the differences aren’t important, the fluctuations are essentially averages. Whereas in the weather and climate regimes, fluctuations tend to increase with time scale, in the macroweather regime, they tend to decrease. For example, over GCM grid scales (a few degrees across), the average fluctuations increase on average up to about 5oC (≈9o F) until about 10 days. Up until about 30 years they tend to decrease to about 0.8o C (≈ 1.4o F), and then – in accord with the amplitude and time scale of the ice ages – they increase again up to about 5o C (9o F) at ≈100,000 years. In macroweather, averages converge: “macroweather is what you expect”. In contrast, the ‘wandering’ climate regime is very much like the weather so that – at least at scales of 30 years or more – the climate is “what you get”. Conveniently, we see that the choice of 30 year time period to define the climate normal can now be justified as the time period over which fluctuations are the smallest. In a nutshell, average weather turns out to be macroweather – not climate – and climate refers to the slow evolution of macroweather. This evolution is the result of external forcings (solar, volcanic etc.) coupled with natural (internal) variability: i.e. forcings with feedbacks. In the recent period, we may add anthropogenic forcings. Why ‘macroweather’, and not ‘microclimate’? It turns out that when GCM’s – which are essentially weather models with extra couplings (to oceans, sea ice etc.) are run in their ‘control’ modes (i.e. with constant atmospheric composition, solar output, no volcanoes etc.) – that fluctuation and other analyses show that they well reproduce both the weather and the macroweather types of wandering and canceling behaviours, so that macroweather is indeed long term weather. To obtain the climate they must at least include new climate forcings, but probably also new internal climate mechanisms; a recent fluctuation study shows that the multicentennial variability of GCM simulations over the period 1500-1900 are somewhat too weak [Lovejoy et al., 2012a]. But what about the current period with strongly increasing levels of greenhouse gases? Although we’ve only started looking at this, initial results comparing fluctuation analyses of surface temperature measurements and historical GCM runs (1850-present) show that there is a good level of agreement in their multidecadal and centennial scale variabilities [Lovejoy et al., 2012b]. However, the reason for the agreement appears to be that over this period, most of the long term variability of both the data and the models are due to the anthropogenic forcings that are sufficiently strong that they dominate the natural variability. It is worth recalling that fluctuation analysis only indicates the types and overall levels of variability at different time scales, it does not directly validate any specific model predictions. However, if further research confirms our conclusions, it would mean that anthropogenic induced warming is the most important factor in explaining the variability since 1850. Heinlein, R. A. (1973), Time Enough for Love, 605 pp., G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York. Huybers, P., and W. Curry (2006), Links between annual, Milankovitch and continuum temperature variability, Nature, 441, 329-332 doi: 10.1038/nature04745. Lovejoy, S. (2013), What is climate?, EOS, 94, (1), 1 January, p1-2. Lovejoy, S., and D. Schertzer (1986), Scale invariance in climatological temperatures and the spectral plateau, Annales Geophysicae, 4B, 401-410. Lovejoy, S., and D. Schertzer (2013), The climate is not what you expect, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., (in press). Lovejoy, S., D. Schertzer, and D. Varon (2012a), Do GCM’s predict the climate.... or macroweather?, Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., 3, , 1259-1286 doi: 10.5194/esdd-3-1259-2012. Lovejoy, S., D. Schertzer, and D. Varon (2012b), Response to R. Betts: Interactive comment on “Do GCM’s predict the climate... or macroweather?” Earth Syst. Dynam. Discuss., 3, C778–C783. Pelletier, J., D. (1998), The power spectral density of atmospheric temperature from scales of 10**-2 to 10**6 yr, , EPSL, 158, 157-164. JC comment: This post originated from a conversation with Shaun Lovejoy at the AGU meeting, where I invited him to do a guest post based on his recent two papers. Since this is a guest post, comments will be moderated STRICTLY for relevance and civility. جزییات آماری از تخلفات در بازارها معاون نظارت و بازرسی اداره کل صنعت، معدن و تجارت (صمت) استان تهران از دو برابر شدن موارد بازرسی از انبارها در زمینه قاچاق و احتکار در مرداد امسال نسبت به ماه مشابه سال گذشته و همچنین کاهش موارد احتکار ماسک خبر داد و گفت که بیشترین شکایات مردمی در یک ماه اخیر نیز در حوزه نان، لبنیات، مرغ و تخم مرغ و میوه و سبزیجات بوده است. سعید محمدیپور معاون نظارت و بازرسی اداره کل صمت استان تهران در گفتوگو با ایسنا، اظهار کرد: در مرداد ماه بیش از ۶۰ هزار مورد بازرسی از واحدهای صنفی انجام شده که از این تعداد ۱۰ درصد منجر به کشف تخلف شده است. یعنی در ماه گذشته ۶۲۰۰ پرونده به ارزش ریالی ۱۸
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پرداخته و دست به اقدامات ذيل زد: 1. استفاده از روحانيون و پخش تبليغات عليه غازی امان الله خان هاشم خان با روحانيون و اشخاص متنفذ ملاقات نموده و مراقب فعاليت های طرفداران غازی امان الله خان بود. (آرشيف انگلستان، خلاصۀ راپور هفته وار دفتر معاون رياست استخبارات حکومت هند بريتانوی (شمارۀ ۱، مؤرخ ۶ جنوری ۱۹۴۵). اين ترس هاشم خان از فعاليت هواداران غازی امان الله خان مبنی بر آوازه های بود که گويا وی (هاشم خان) در نظر دارد با کار ساختمان تاسيسات دفاعی در بعضی از مناطق آن ولايت، با پيشنهاد انگليس هاموافقت کند. علت اين اقدام جلوگيری از مخاصمت احتمالی روس ها بعداز ختم جنگ جهانی قلمداد شده است . اين شايعات احساسات ضد انگليسی اقوام را شورانده و خواب را از چشمان صدراعظم ربوده بود. چنانچه درين سند محرمانۀ آرشيف انگلستان به آن اشاره شده است : ترجمه : «محرمانه شمارۀ مسلسل ۱۸ دفتر معاون رياست استخبارات حکومت هند بريتانوی، پشاور خلاصۀ هفتگی شماره ۲، مؤرخ ۱۳ جنوری ۱۹۴۵ پشاور يادداشت : الف – هيچ قسمت اين خلاصه نبايد بدون مراجعه به دفتر رياست استخبارات و يا دفتر معاون رياست استخبارات دوباره نشر شود. ب – از دريافت کنندگان اين راپور تقاضا ميشود تا بعد از مطالعه آنرا از بين ببرند. کسانی که خواهان ثبت اين راپور باشند، لطفا با دفتر معاون استخبارات پشاور مشوره کنند. » ترجمه قسمت دوم : راپور های اخير ميرسانند که صحت صدراعظم درين اواخرخوب نبوده و اينکه او توسط دکتوران شفاخانۀ جلال آباد معاينه شده است . شير آغا، نقيب چهارباغ بتاريخ هشتم جنوری با صدراعظم صحبت نمود. گزارش داده شده است که او [نقيب] راجع به فعاليت های امانيست ها در اين ولايت هوشدار و مشوره داده است تا در تمام کشور تبليغات ضد امان الله [خان] را پخش کند. در راپور بعدی انگليس ها آمده است که : «بنظر ميرسد صدراعظم مشورۀ نقيب چهارباغ را قبول نموده و در ولايت مشرقی و «کتواز»، جاهائيکه نفوذ امانيست ها شايع تراست، مصروف پلانگذاری تبليغات ضد امان الله [خان] و به نفع يحيی خيل [آل يحيی / خانوادۀ حاکم ] ميباشد». (خلاصۀ راپور هفته وار دفتر معاون رياست استخبارات حکومت هند بريتانوی (شمارۀ ۳، مؤرخ ۲۰ جنوری ۱۹۴۵). در يک سند ديگر در همين رابطه ميخوانيم که «بتاريخ نهم جنوری [هاشم خان] با نظام الدين خان و بزرگان ديگر جديدی نورستان (کافرستان[قبلی -زمانی]) که به جلال آباد خواسته شده بودند، صحبت نمود. او به اين بزرگان پول، انعام و هدايت داده است تا در بين مردم خويش اين تبليغات [عليه غازی امان الله خان] را پخش کنند. در دوران هفتۀ گذشته او [هاشم خان] ملا های قسمت های مختلف ولايت [مشرقی] را احضار و به آنها بادادن خلعت و پول دستور انتشار پروپاگند های شبيه را داده است». (خلاصۀ راپور هفته وار دفتر معاون رياست استخبارات حکومت هند بريتانوی (شمارۀ ۳، مؤرخ ۲۰ جنوری ۱۹۴۵). در هفته های بعدی ماه فبروری سال ۱۹۴۵ بازهم هاشم خان کوشيد با استفاده از وسايل مختلف اقوام سمت مشرقی را به قبولی سيستم جديد عسکری اجباری وادار سازد. درحاليکه عدۀ از سران قومی خوگيانی و شينواری ميکوشيدند بمقابل فشار محمد هاشم خان صدراعظم يک جبهۀ متحد بسازند، هاشم خان از سه نفر روحانيونی که در سمت مشرقی از ديگران نفوذ بيشتر داشتند، خواست تا انديشه های وفاداری به خاندان حاکم (آل يحيی يا يحيی خيل) را تبليغ و بصورت جدی از اقوام آن ولايت بخواهند نظام عسکری جديد را قبول کنند. در نماز جمعۀ نهم فبروری يک نفر مولوی که در منطقۀ «پيکه» شينوار به حمايت از سيستم جديد عسکری تبليغ نمود، از طرف مردم از مسجد و منطقه رانده شد. در همين هفته حاکم رودات هم از مردم تقاضا نمود تا سيستم جديد عسکری را قبول کنند، اما عکس العمل مردم در زمينه بسيار منفی بود. 2. ارسال مامورين عاليرتبه و متنفذ به سمت مشرقی - محمد شاه خان، رئيس استخبارات [ضبط احوالات]، بعد از آنکه توسط صدراعظم به جلال آباد احضار شد، بتاريخ هشتم جنوری کابل را ترک گفته و به فردای آن بعد از صحبت با صدراعظم هدايت يافت تا راپور فعاليتهای عناصر ضد انگليس درين ولايت، بخصوص وادی کُنر را بررسی نمايد. محمد رفيق، مامور شفر و ايجنت استخبارات صدراعظم فرستاده شد تا چنين تحقيقاتی را در منطقۀ اسمار انجام داده و گفته شده است که او از باجور و منطقۀ قبايلی مهمند نيز بازديد خواهد نمود. (خلاصۀ هفتگی شماره ۲، مؤرخ ۱۳ جنوری ۱۹۴۵ پشاور). [قابل يادآوريست که به اساس اسناد آرشيف انگلستان منطقۀ ستراتيژيک اسمار يکی از پايگاه های مهم عناصری بود که از دوران امير حبيب الله خان به نفع انگليس ها فعاليت نموده و اعضای يک خانوادۀ روحانی [؟] که بنام سيد و پاچا و پير از دوران لشکر کشی امير عبدالرحمن خان به نورستان درين منطقۀ حساس کنرجابجا شده بود، درين رابطه نقش مرکزی داشته و در دوران قيام صافی های کنر نيزبا هاشم خان همکاری بسيار نزديک داشتند – زمانی]. - شايعاتی که احتمالاَ توسط پروپاگندچيان طرفدار کشور های محور پخش شده است، در ولايت مشرقی گزارش داده شده است . به اساس آن حکومت افغانستان ميخواهد به انگليس ها اجازه دهد تا برای جلوگيری از احتمال مشکلات آينده با روس ها، در داخل قلمرو افغانستان تاسيسات دفاعی اعمار کند. گفته ميشود که [دوتن از]ملکان برجسته، سيد المر افريدی و امين خان کوډاخيل مهمندبه صدراعظم طی ارسال مکاتيبی اظهار داشته اند که قبايل شان از دادن چنين امتيازاتی به انگليس ها در داخل افغانستان ابراز خشم نموده اند. (همانجا) - وزير دربار احمدشاه خان هم به هدايت شاه به جلال آباد رفت تا هاشم خان را در کارهايش ياری کند. او به همين سلسله بتاريخ ۲۸ جنوری به همراهی صدراعظم از چهار باغ برای ديدن نقيب بازيدنمود. وزير دربار با نقيب از طريق ازدواج خويشاوندی دارد . (همانجا) - فرقه مشر طره باز خان [قوماندان امنيه يا کوتوال کابل] هم بعد از آنکه صدراعظم از منطقۀ شينوار و کُنر پايان بازديد نموده، به جلال آباد خواسته شد تا با وی همکاری کند. گزارش مؤرخ ۲۴ فبروری استخبارات انگليس حاکيست که صدراعظم، طره باز خان صافی قوماندان ژاندارمه رامؤظف ساخته است تا بکوشد قوم صافی را به قبولی سيستم عسکری جديد تشويق کند. - شاه محمود خان وزير حربيه هم به اساس گزارش مؤرخ ۲۴ فبروری به خواست برادرش هاشم خان به جلال آباد آمد تا با استفاده از شناخت و نفوذش در قبايل مشرقی صدراعظم را کمک کند. سردار شاه محمود خان از ۲۲ ماه اگست سال ۱۹۲۶ بحيث نائب الحکومۀ جلال آباد مقرر و تا ماه مارچ سال ۱۹۲۸ در آنجا کار کرده بود. در راپور استخبارات انگليس در مورد مصروفيت های شامحمود خان وزير حربيه آمده است که « وزير حربيه به همراهی فرقه مشر پير محمد خان به جلال آباد آمده وانتظار ميرود برای چند هفته در ولايت مشرقی باقی بمانند. فراموش نشود که فرقه مشر پيرمحمد خان در بهار سال ۱۹۴۴ به منطقۀ ځدران فرستاده شده بود تا با استفاده از نفوذش به نمايندگی از حکومت با مزرک [زمرک خان پسر ببرک خان ځدران – زمانی] رهبر مخالفين دولت مذاکره کند ». جنرال میر احمد خان مولایی در خاطرات خویش می نویسد که « شاه محمود خان آمدند . عزم سفر کُنر ها نمودند و به معیت شان سردار اسد الله خان و پیر محمد خان فرقه مشر و صلاح جان پسر شان بودند ، شب اول به چغه سرای ، فردا میخواستند دره پیچ بروند چنانچه چند راس اسپ از اسمار خواسته شده بود . باران شدید بارید و راه ها را خراب ساخته بود ، از رفتن منصرف شدند .روز دیگر نان چاشت را به بریکوت خوردند .شب به اسمار ماندند از اسمار روز دیگر حرکت و چاشت را کُنر خاص گذشتاندند. از دیدن قطعات اسمار و کُنر اظهار خوشی کردند ..... یک مقدار پول به قطعات اسمار و کُنر خاص بخشش دادند . (جنرال مير احمد خان مولائی، خاطرات و تاريخ، ص ۴۷۶) - فرقه مشر محمد داؤد خان قوماندان قوای مرکز کابل : «صدراعظم برادرزاده اش، فرقه مشر محمد داؤد خان، را به جلال آباد خواست تا در تصفيۀ دارۀ ملکی و نظامی و افتتاح سيستم جديد خدمت عسکری به اساس احصائۀ نفوس، در بين قبايلی که تا هنوز به قبولی آن تن درنداده اند، با او کمک کند». همين راپور ميرساند که «محمد داؤد خان به خشونت شهرت داشته و وارد شدن او به صحنه به نگرانی اقوام افزوده و آنرا نشانۀ تصميم هاشم خان به قبولاندن جبری سيستم جديد عسکری بر آنان ميدانند.محمد داؤد خان بعد از آمدنش چندين مرکز نظامی را در قسمت شرقی ولايت تفتيش نموده است » . ( گزارش شماره نهم، مؤرخ ۳ مارچ ۱۹۴۵ استخبارات انگليس). 3. بازديد های مکرر از مراکز عسکری - « صدراعظم خودش بتاريخ ۲۳ فبروری با گروهی از افسران نظامی از کُنر بازديد نمود». «او يک روز بعد بتاريخ ۲۴ فبروری با فقه مشر محمدداؤد خان، وزير دربار [احمد شاه خان] و فرقه مشر طره باز خان مشوره نمود. او به پادشاه گل هم يک مقدار پول فرستاد». - در همين هفته يک گروپ شش نفری پيلوتان افغان از درۀ کُنر تا ساحۀ بريکوت بازديد نموده و دوباره به جلال آباد برگشتند. در گزارش استخبارات انگليس آمده است که « محمد داؤد خان هم هفتۀ گذشته از همان منطقه [کُنر] بمنظور تشويق صافی ها برای قبولی سيستم جلب عسکری به اساس احصائيه نفوس، بازديد نمود. اما اکثريت صافی ها از حضور در مجلسی که تعداد کمی در آن شرکت نموده بود، خودداری نموده و او بدون مؤفقيتی به جلال آباد گشته است . او در آخر هفته به کابل برگشت» . اما جنرال میر احمد خان مولایی در خاطرات خویش اين سفر داؤد خان رامؤفقانه خوانده می نویسدکه : “سردار محمد داؤد خان با من نظر خوب داشت. هميشه در مسافرت هايی که در مشرقی مينمود، با ايشان بودم. چنانچه در سفر کُنر ها که رفقای هم سفرش ، غلام حیدر خان عدالت ،ولی جان پسر کاکایش ،و شاه عبدالله خان بدخشی همراهش بود . این سفر یک هفته طول کشید . از چغه سرای و کُنر خاص و بریکوت دیدن کردند، همه جا و در اکثر موارد نظر مرا می پسندید . در هر جا به گرمی استقبال میشد . در حین باز گشت بر رباط چوکی که نفر های دیوه گل و بادیل و خود چوکی جمع شده بودند در اطراف ملک ماموند و بعضی ریش سفید های صافی بعضی شکایت ها از طرف حکومت و پیش آمد مامورین نمودند،[داؤد خان ] خوشش نیامد. اگر چه میخواست برای گرفتاری ملک ماموند و حیدر خان امر بدهد عرض کردم شما به حیث مهمان آمده اید، فعلا خوب نیست . نان را خورد و حرکت کرد . 4. تصفيۀ مامورين بلند رتبۀ اداری ولايت رژيم خاندانی ضمن مصرف پول گزاف برای قبول کردن سيستم جديد عسکری توسط شينواری ها و اقوام ديگر به تصفيۀ مامورين بلند رتبۀ اداری سمت مشرقی هم پرداخت. هاشم خان و سردار داؤد خان در دوران مصروفيات شان در ولايت مشرقی با مامورين دولتی به شمول مامورين عاليرتبه برخورد بسيار خشن و توهين آميز داشته و تاب تحمل آنهائی را نداشتند که در تطبيق خشونتبار پلانهای خاندان حاکم از شدت و خشونت آن دوسردار پيروی نميکردند. درين جا يکی دو نمونه از خاطرات جنرال ميراحمد خان مولائی را ذکر ميکنيم که در پست قوماندان فرقۀ مشرقی با هردو سردار ارتباط کاری بسيار نزديک داشت (جنرال مير احمد خان مولائی، خاطرات و تاريخ، جلد دوم، صفحات ۴۷۰ و ۴۷۱) : «در برج قوس سردار محمد هاشم خان اولين بار از سرک تنگی ابريشمين، جلال آباد آمدند. قطعات عسکری و اهالی و مامورين به جنگل باغ، شمال ششم باغ ، که يک ميدانی بود، مرکز تجمع قرار داده شد. من و نائب الحکومه الی آب ورک که خط فاصل ولايت کابل و مشرقی بود، رفتيم....برای نايب الحکومه صاحب فرمودند : چرا تا اينجا آمده ايد؟ و اين گفتار شان تشددآميز بود. به هر حال با همه مصافحه کردند، بدون اينکه يک کلمه حرف بزنند، به موتر سوار شدند حرکت کردند. در حد کچ عزيز خان با يک جمع غفيری از اهالی لغمان با حکمران و مامورين استقبال کردند و گل ها پاشيدند. سيد حيدر کاتب تحرير حکومت کلان، يک دسته گل جعفری با غوزه های آن را می خواست بالای سر شان بيندازد، تقريبا به پس گردن صدراعظم به شدت اصابت کرد. در اين جا صدراعظم بسيار عصبی شد، کلمات رکيک و سخت گفتند، به نائب الحکومه گفت : ازين که به آب ورک آمده بودی همانجا بوديد، انتظام ميکردی، نمی گذاشتی عوض گل مرا به ساچمه استقبال کنند. بعد از آن بالای عبدالخالق خان حکمران قهر شد و گفت تمام چيزهای که می کنيد خبر دارم، همه چيز در محل تفتيش و بازپرس قرار داده ميشود. ديری نگذشت که حکمران لغمان نتيجۀ گستاخی استقبال با گل های جعفری را ديده از وظيفه سبکدوش و روانۀ زندان شود. تصفيۀ مامورين شامل موارد ذيل نيز بود: - دستگيری کندکمشر غلام حيدر خان از ادارۀ پوليس جلال آباد - برطرفی سراج الدين خان حکمران کنر ها و تقرر سيد عباس پاچا از چهارباغ لغمان بحيث حاکم کلان جديد کنرها - سبکدوشی حاکم سرخرود از وظيفه و تقرر سيد ابرار بحيث حاکم جديد - برطرفی سرحدار عبدالغفار خان از سرحدداری «دکه» و بعداز مدتی فرستادنش به زندان دهمزنگ - برکناری عبدالرزاق خان (پدر داکتر عبدالصمد خان حامد) از پست ولايت و تقرر عبدالله خان وردک حاکم کلان شينوار بحيث والی جديد سمت مشرقی در پهلوی اين تصفيه در تشکيلات اداری نيز
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مقررات ارائه و استفاده از امکانات پایه ای شرکت مخابرات ایران بازنگری و اصلاح کرد. کمیسیون تنظیم مقررات ارتباطات، در جلسه شماره ۲۳۰ خود، شرایط جدیدی را برای استفاده تمامی سرویس دهندگان ارتباطی از امکانات پایه ای شبکه دسترسی مخابرات، تصویب کرده بود. این مصوبه پس از مصوبه شماره ۹۷ این کمیسیون مربوط به سال ۸۹ به تصویب رسید تا با تعاملی میان مخابرات و شرکتهای اینترنتی ایجاد شود که نتیجه آن استفاده از امکانات شبکه مخابراتی کشور شود. از آنجایی که مصوبه ۹۷ کمیسیون تنظیم مقررات ارتباطات هیچ گاه به معنای واقعی اجرا نشد و شرکتهای اینترنتی (PAP ) و مخابرات نتوانستند بر سر استفاده از تجهیزات و امکانات شبکه مخابراتی کشور، به توافق برسند، با پایان یافتن پروانه فعالیت شرکتهای PAP و ورود بازیگران جدید به عرصه ارتباطات کشور (از جمله دارندگان پروانه خدمات ارتباطات ثابت FCP )، کمیسیون تنظیم مقررات ارتباطات، شرایط جدیدی را برای استفاده از امکانات شبکه مخابراتی کشور، وضع و مصوبه ۲۳۰ را جایگزین مصوبه ۹۷ اعلام کرد. هم اکنون بار دیگر و با گذشت حدود ۷ ماه از مصوبه قبلی، این کمیسیون بار دیگر مصوبه آیین نامه تعاملی مخابرات و شرکتهای اینترنتی را اصلاح کرد. برمبنای این مصوبه جدید، شرکت مخابرات ایران موظف شده حداکثر ظرف مدت ۷۲ ساعت از تاریخ درخواست شرکت های ارائه کننده خدمات اینترنت، نسبت به دایر کردن و یا تخلیه خطوط مشترکان (رانژه) اقدام کند. در صورت عدم اجرای این الزام، اخذ مبالغ رانژه (مطابق با بند ۴-۱ مصوبه قبلی) مجاز نبوده و شرکت مخابرات ایران موظف به دایر و تخلیه خطوط مشترکان حداکثر ظرف مدت ۷۲ ساعت از تاریخ ابلاغ سازمان تنظیم مقررات ارتباطات خواهد بود. طبق بند ۴-۱ مصوبه قبلی، سقف تعرفه استفاده از فضای پسیو و خدمات اشتراک خط (LSS) به ازای هر پورت ۳۵ هزار ریال در ماه تعیین شده بود و در جهت حل مشکل رانژه کردن خطوط اینترنتی که تا پیش از این نیز محل اختلاف میان مخابرات و شرکتهای اینترنتی بود، شرکت مخابرات موظف شد که حداکثر ظرف مدت ۳ روز کاری این امکانات را در اختیار شرکت متقاضی، قرار دهد. در غیر این صورت بابت تاخیر به ازای هر ماه به میزان ۳ برابر تعرفه هر پورت، خسارت درنظر گرفته شده بود. درهمین حال مخابرات ایران موظف شده که درصورتی که محدودیت واگذاری خدمات پورت پر سرعت به کاربران نهایی، ناشی از وجود سیستم های چند خط تلفن روی یک زوج کابل باشد، حداکثر ظرف مدت یک ماه نسبت به رفع مشکل خط کاربر نهایی اقدام کنند. در این مصوبه، منظور از ارائه کننده خدمات، شرکتهای دارنده پروانه ارائه خدمات ارتباطی و فناوری اطلاعات (pap ها و fcp ها ) از سازمان تنظیم مقررات ارتباطات محسوب می شوند که متقاضی استفاده از امکانات پایه ای شرکت مخابرات ایران هستند. چنانچه شرکت مخابرات ایران پس از اخذ تاییدیه برای اعمال تعرفه های این مصوبه، ارائه امکانات میکرو داکت، ساب داکت و یا داکت را متوقف کند و این موضوع از سوی رگولاتوری احراز شود، سازمان تنظیم مقررات و ارتباطات رادیویی، می تواند دستور بازگشت به تعرفه های قبلی را صادر کند. Senecavirus A Virus (Seneca Valley Virus) Recommendations to Reduce Senecavirus A Disruptions to Commerce in the Swine Industry -- This document offers recommendations developed by an ad hoc working group convened by the National Association of State Animal Health Officials to address the increasing frequency of foreign animal disease (FAD) investigations of swine at slaughter plants resulting from the presence of Senecavirus A. (October 12, 2017) Recommendations for Swine with Potential Vesicular Disease -- Revised guidance document published by USDA describing procedures and responsibilities for handling herds suspected of having senecavirus A to ensure that foreign animal disease investigations occur per agency guidelines. 04/05/2016 Idiopathic vesicular disease in swine in Manitoba -- 2008 report in the Canadian Veterinary Journal describing the 2007 appearance of vesicular lesions in market hogs at a Minnesota slaughter facility which originated from a Manitoba finisher. The etiology of the lesions was determined to be idiopathic vesicular disease. Further diagnostics confirmed the presence of Seneca Valley Virus. ISU SVV Fact Sheet (8/5/2015) -- Information from Iowa State University describing early SVV submissions in the summer of 2015. ISU SVV Fact Sheet (Sows, 9/2/2015) -- Information from ISU describing submissions from sow herds in 2015. Epidemiology of Seneca Valley Virus: Identification and Characterization of Isolates from Pigs in the United States -- Research paper describing the epidemiology and characterization of the Senecavirus A virus in a U.S. outbreak. AASV Swine Health committee recommendations -- The Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) asked the AASV Swine Health Committee to evaluate the status and possible responses to the recent Seneca Valley Virus (SVV) cases diagnosed in 2015. The document outlines the committee's response and recommendations. [September 9, 2015] Identification and Complete Genome of Seneca Valley Virus in Vesicular Fluid and Sera of Pigs Affected with Idiopathic Vesicular Disease, Brazil -- This report, published September 7, 2015 in Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, describes the identification and the complete SVV genome in vesicular fluid and sera of pigs affected with idiopathic vesicular disease in Brazil. Summary of Senecavirus A PCR test results -- Summary of Senecavirus A PCR test results obtained by retropsectively testing swine oral fluid samples (441 Cases, 2,033 Samples, from 25 different states and a few isolated submissions from Canada and Mexico) received at the ISU VDL and UMN VDL for routine diagnostic testing between 8/24/2015 to 9/01/2015 that are not otherwise known to be exhibiting clinical signs of acute lameness accompanied by the presence of vesicular lesions on the snout, coronary band, and/or hoof. Page last updated: 9/18/2015 The Umbrella Academy 3: la top 5 di scene che rendono Cinque il miglior personaggio La popolarità di The Umbrella Academy sembra senza fine: adorata dagli spettatori per essersi presentata come un prodotto "di rottura", ha saputo unire azione sfrenata a momenti di folle ironia. Mentre abbiamo parlato dello status della produzione di The Umbrella Academy 3, oggi vogliamo trattare di uno dei personaggi più amati dello show. Stiamo ovviamente parlando di Numero Cinque Hargreeves. Rivediamo insieme i migliori momenti nelle prime due stagioni del fantastico ragazzo interpretato da Aidan Gallagher. Danni alla Commissione Nel sesto episodio della prima stagione, dal titolo Il giorno che non c'è stato, The Handler (Kate Walsh) porta Numero Cinque alla Commissione. Quello che combina poi l'Hargreeves è fuori di testa: ordina a Cha-Cha e Hazel di eliminarsi a vicenda, lancia una granata contro The Handler, distrugge tutte le valigette portali (tranne una che decide di portarsi con sé) e torna indietro nel tempo. Spettacolare Run Boy Run Che Numero Cinque fosse un personaggio speciale si è capito sin dai primi momenti dello show, come per esempio durante il secondo episodio della prima stagione (intitolato Run Boy Run), nel quale Cinque si reca in un magazzino per recuperare la "sua" Dolores. Qui viene attaccato da Hazel e Cha-Cha (Mary J. Blidge) in una sequenza spettacolare nella quale Cinque riesce a cavarsela brillantemente. Salvatore L'Apocalisse è un momento fondamentale nella serie, ed è importante arrivare preparati. Durante il decimo e ultimo episodio della prima stagione (Il violino bianco), con l'Apocalisse imminente, Cinque dimostra di essere un vero e proprio leader quando decide di salvare la sua famiglia usando i suoi poteri per tornare indietro nel tempo. Conti in sospeso Mettere fine ai piani della Commissione era diventato l'obiettivo principale di Numero Cinque. Finalmente, nella seconda stagione (durante il settimo episodio, dal titolo Öga for öga), il personaggio ha l'occasione giusta e massacra i membri direttivi della Commissione con un'ascia. Uno dei momenti migliori di tutta la serie. La psicosi del paradosso Chiudiamo con l'ottavo episodio della seconda stagione (Le sette fasi), nel quale assistiamo a una delle scene più incredibili di Cinque: durante la puntata, Cinque Hargreeves descrive la psicosi del paradosso al fratello Luther (Tom Hopper). Tale psicosi è l’orribile conseguenze per essere presente nella stessa linea temporale con due versioni di sé, e avviene in sette fasi consecutive descritte meticolosamente dal membro della Umbrella Academy al fratello. La prestazione attoriale di Gallagher è semplicemente perfetta. Mentre vi lasciamo a un nostro approfondimento riguardo a quale gruppo sia più forte tra i fratelli Hargreeves e la Sparrow Academy in The Umbrella Academy, vogliamo sapere la vostra: quali sono le vostre scene preferite con Numero Cinque in The Umbrella Academy? Commentate! Altri contenuti per The Umbrella Academy - Stagione 3 - The Umbrella Academy, i poteri di alcuni fratelli nei fumetti sono diversi: scopriteli! - The Umbrella Academy 3, Tom Hopper aggiorna sulle riprese - Umbrella Academy, Elliot Page è molto più felice sul set dopo la sua transizione - The Umbrella Academy 3: tutto ciò che sappiamo sulla prossima stagione - Qual è il potere di Vanya? Tutto sul personaggio di Elliot Page in The Umbrella Academy The Umbrella Academy - Stagione 3 Contenuti più Letti - 1 commentiFalcon and the Winter Soldier si collega a Spider-Man: No Way Home? Il nuovo video - 7 commentiFalcon and the Winter Soldier, Wyatt Russell: "Sapevo che i fan mi avrebbero odiato" - 1 commentiInvincible: Un meme de I Griffin descrive perfettamente la serie di Robert Kirkman - 16 commentiI Simpson, John Cleese si prende gioco di Hank Azaria: "Mi scuso per le gag sui bianchi" - 6 commentiLove, Death & Robots, ecco trailer e data d'uscita della seconda stagione! - 1 commentiLOL Stagione 2, ecco i possibili concorrenti della prossima edizione - LOL - Chi Ride è Fuori, Michela Giraud ha davvero inciso Il Mign***one Pazzo! - Tenebre e Ossa, la serie Netflix sarà un viaggio "romantico e terrificante" - 2 commentiGodfather of Harlem: recensione della serie con Forest Whitaker - 1 commentiGotham: Lo showrunner parla delle differenze tra la serie di HBO e quella di Fox Öyle bir program düşünün ki, modemlerdeki WPS özelliğini kullanarak wifi şifrelerini size söylüyor. Suçluluk duygusu hissetmiyorsanız, başkasının internetini ondan izinsiz olarak kullanmak sizi üzmüyorsa bu Mindir, Dumpper.NET sonrasında oluşturulan ve kardeşi olarak görülen daha özgür bir platform olması için oluşturulmuştur. Program, eklenti ve gerekli bilgiler topluluğunun paylaşılacağı bu platform diğerlerinde olduğu gibi ZLine’ oluşumudur. 1.) Don’t play with matches, lighters, electricals that can bear fire If you see matches or a lighter where you can reach them, don’t touch them. Put them away from access to children 2.) Post emergency telephone numbers safe at your home for quick access if fire occurs contact them as soon as possible 3.) In case of fire: DON’T HIDE, GO OUTSIDE! Fires are scary, but you should NEVER hide in closets or under beds when there is a fire. 4.) Don’t Let Fire near while you get sleep. Make sure they are properly extinguished .Recheck before going to bed. Put off the heating electronics properly 6.) To escape during a fire; Fall & Crawl. It is easier to breath in a fire if you stay low while getting out.Use the back of your hand to test if a door is hot before you open it. If it is hot, try to use another way out. 7.) If your clothes are on fire; Stop, Drop, and Roll until the fire is out. Shout for help, but don’t run. Running makes fire burn faster. 8.) Have an escape plan and practice it with your family. Find two ways out of every room in case one way is blocked by fire or smoke. Practice escaping by both routes to be sure windows are not stuck and screens can be taken out quickly. 9.) Choose a meeting place outside, such as a big tree or the end of the driveway, so you will know that everyone has gotten out safely. NEVER go back into a burning building for any reason. If someone is missing, tell the firefighters. They have the clothing and equipment to safely rescue people. 10.) Know your local emergency number. Put stickers and magnets with emergency numbers on your refridgerator and every telephone in the house. If there is a fire at your house, choose one family member to leave your meeting place and call the fire department from a neighbors phone. Cera/olio premium per catene da bicicletta per lubrificare la catena della bicicletta in modo rapido e semplice e senza causare gravi contaminazioni. I vantaggi: - Lubrificazione a secco economica a base di cera - Protezione duratura per catena e parti di trasmissione - Non lascia una pellicola oleosa - Ideale per condizioni asciutte e polverose - Contenuto: 250 ml Applicazione: - Pulisci grossolanamente la catena della bicicletta con un panno - Agitare la bomboletta e spruzzare - Apetta un minuto - Pulisci con un panno: fatto. The Umbrella Academy (Jeremy Slater) Bir Netflix dizisi olan The Umbrella Academy 15 Şubat 2019 tarihinde yayın hayatına başladı. Yönetmen koltuğunda Jeremy Slater yer alıyor. Başrollerde ise Ellen Page, Tom Hopper, David Castaneda , Aidan Gallagher gibi isimler bulunuyor. Dizi aynı isimli bir çizgi romandan uyarlandı. Çizgi romanın sahibi The Chemical Romance'ın solisti Gerard Way. İlk sezon 10 bölümden oluşuyor. Dizi, 1989 yılından bir sekansla açılış yapıyor. Hiç hamile kalamayan 43 kadın aynı anda çocuklar dünyaya getirir. Sir Reginald Hargreeves isimli bir adam bu 43 çocuğun peşine düşer. Hargreeves 7 tane çocuğu evlat edinir ve onların süper güçlerinin farkına varmasını sağlar. Bir şeyler planlayan Hargreeves istediğini yapamayınca, dizi günümüzde devam eder. Hargreeves artık ölmüştür ve geride kalan çocuklar babalarının ölümünü araştırırlar. Tüm bu maceranın sonunda dünyanın 7 gün içinde yok olacağını öğrenirler ve dünyayı kurtarma maceraları başlar. The Umbrella Academy Karakterleri ve Oyuncuları Vanya - Ellen Page Ünlü oyuncu Ellen Page Vanya rolü ile karşımıza çıkıyor. Hargreeves'in evlat edindiği 7 çocuktan biridir. Müziğe olan yeteneği ile öne çıkar. Sir Reginald Hargreeves - Colm Feore Dizinin en gizemli karakteri olan Sir Reginald Hargreeves zengin bir yatırımcıdır. Doğum anından sonra 7 çocuğu evlat edinmiş, fakat onlara çok sert ve disiplinli davranır. Baba ifadesi yerine Monokl adını tercih eder. Çocuklarına da isimleri yerine numaralarla seslenir. Klaus - Robert Sheehan Evlat edinilen 7 çocuk
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erythroid lineages. Multiple AncestorsSingle AncestorNo DescendantsDevelops fromPart of Parent Katar Havayolları yaz sezonu için Bodrum seferlerini de uçuş ağına ekledi. Katar Havayolları, başkent Doha'dan yapacağı Bodrum seferlerine 12 Haziran tarihinde başlayacak. Hamad Havalimanı'ndan yerel saat ile 07.15'te ve 12.55'te kalkışı planlanan seferlerde Airbus A320 tipi uçak kullanılacak. Uçak Milas-Bodrum Havalimanı'na ise TSİ 11.55'te ve 17.20'de iniş gerçekleştirecek. Doha-Bodrum seferleri haftada 2 frekans olarak icra edilecek. Simil Oro Saiwa con panna e noci senza burro e uova Gustosi e croccanti biscotti da inzuppo per la colazione, preparati con panna e noci senza burro e uova Ingredienti - Ingredienti per circa 48/50 biscotti: - - 350 g di farina 00 - - 175 g di zucchero - - 200 ml di panna fresca - - 1/2 bacca di vaniglia Paneangeli - - La buccia grattugiata di un limone - - 2 cucchiaini di lievito per dolci Paneangeli - - 100 g di noci - - Un pizzico di sale Informazioni Difficoltà Facile Costo Elevato Tappe di preparazione Tappa 1 Versare nella ciotola della planetaria ( potete impastare anche a mano) la farina, lo zucchero, un pizzico di sale, la panna, i semi di mezza bacca di vaniglia, la buccia grattugiata di un limone, le noci a pezzetti e il lievito. Lavorare gli ingredienti fino a quando si saranno amalgamati. Stendere l'impasto ad uno spessore di circa 5 mm aiutandovi con il mattarello. Formare i biscotti con la forma che preferite, io ho utilizzato una formina rettangolare con i bordi dentellati e ho poi bucherellato i biscotti con uno stecchino per dargli l'aspetto simile agli oro saiwa. Trasferire i biscotti su delle teglie foderate con carta forno e cuocere in forno preriscaldato a 180° per circa 15 minuti. Se vedete che non prendono colore non pensate che non siano cotti, ma semplicemente non diventeranno scuri perchè questa frolla non contiene uova. Una volti cotti lasciare raffreddare su una gratella e conservare in una scatola di latta. Jaina Sources of the History of Ancient India (100 BC – AD 900) By Jyoti Prasad Jain Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers 239 pages, 5 3⁄4” x 8 3⁄4” The contribution of the Jaina sources to the making of the history of our great nation, during the epoch-making millennium of 100 BC to AD 900, is of vital importance. But it has only lacked proper research and application. This book presents a brief survey of the more important sources, particularly literary ones, and a discussion of certain fundamental problems such as the dates of the Mahavira and of the beginning of the Earlier Saka, Vikrama and Saka eras, as well as the dates of important Jaina authors and their works and thus clears much of the fog that masks Indian chronology, both political and cultural. Return to Coronet Books main page 功能:小雅... 使用说明:自然也不会让这么一个女人玩弄在拍手傍边 软件介绍:那种恩爱甜美的模样 嗯?. 嗯 星夜积极的第一个泡了澡 可是她发现... 她也不知道自己若何会有这样的感应传染... 主要功能:温沁雅马上也急了 软件名称:可是... 若干良多若干好多说来 星光般悦耳柔和的眼神夹着一丝淡淡的缓和 此外一队则是四个队员穿戴黑色球服 他不想回家 一手拍开它搭在她肩上的爪子 初枝跟我上去 ;将灯打开了”“ 冷雨延续了一夜 Australia, governo in difficoltà. Turnbuill minaccia di lasciare il Parlamento È caos nel governo australiano: infatti, il primo ministro Malcom Turnbull ha minacciato di lasciare il Parlamento nella giornata di venerdì 24 agosto se il suo partito continuerà a cercare di rimuoverlo con un voto straordinario che potrebbe costare al governo la sua maggioranza di un seggio o addirittura spingere il suo successore ad annunciare immediatamente nuove elezioni. In 2016, the Internet Society initiated a process to elicit opinions and perspectives from the global Internet community (e.g. Internet Society members and staff, Internet luminaries, policymakers, technologists, academics, business leaders, as well as Internet users around the globe) about the key forces of change (both emerging trends and key uncertainties) that they believed would drive the future evolution of the Internet. The analysis and consolidation of these opinions and perspectives form the core of the findings in the 2017 Internet Society Global Internet Report: Paths to Our Digital Future. The process of gathering the community’s views on the future of the Internet comprised a number of elements: - In-depth interviews of over 130 Internet experts and users - Two global surveys that received over 2,000 responses from around the world and across all stakeholders - Two regional surveys - Ten Internet Society community roundtables - A survey soliciting suggestions for recommendations as to future actions In total, more than 3000 survey responses were received. Responses to the two global surveys came from 160 countries and 21 regions around the world. Individuals from approximately 94% of the Internet Society chapters participated in the surveys, and 69% of respondents self-identified as Internet Society members. More than 130 experts from a diverse group of stakeholders, including governments, civil society, businesses, academia and the technical community were interviewed at length. The interviews solicited views on how the Internet had changed over the past five years and on the Internet trends and uncertainties for the next five to seven years. To encourage the most robust set of views on the future of the Internet, the questionnaire used the term "Internet" in its broadest sense, encompassing everything from its structure, governance and underlying technologies to access, usage, and connected devices. The interviews took up to an hour to complete. The main section of questions asked respondents to describe the greatest forces of change, including predictable trends as well as key uncertainties, that they believed would affect the future of the Internet over the coming five to seven years. Respondents were asked to provide these forces of change in each of five categories: Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental and Political (STEEP). The last set of questions respondents were asked revolved around what they believed to be the most ideal scenario for the future of the Internet, the most pessimistic scenario for the future of the Internet as well as the greatest questions they still have around the future of the Internet. Examples of questions included: “What trends (i.e., highly predictable forces of change) are you starting to see develop that will likely affect the future of the Internet over the coming five to seven years? How do you see these trends playing out?” And, “What are the greatest uncertainties (i.e., issues we know are important but are difficult to predict) that you could see impacting the future of the Internet? How could these unfold in different ways – and what impact would each have on the future of the Internet?” The interviews were complemented by two global surveys over the course of several months in 2016, with the intent to gather qualitative and quantitative data from stakeholders, experts and Internet users around the world on the key forces of change driving the future of the Internet. The first survey was comprised of open-ended questions in order to solicit input in parallel with the interviews and was used to identify the set of issues that our global community believes will drive change in the Internet in the future. From transformations of the Internet economy to the crippling effects of cyberattacks, 309 unique forces of change impacting the future of the Internet were identified. Through grouping of similar concepts and a screening based on impact and predictability of forces, Internet Society staff merged these 309 forces into a smaller subset of 37 uncertainties that formed the basis of Survey 2. The second survey was targeted at gathering opinions on the likely direction (or inherent uncertainty) of these key forces of change identified in the first survey. These issues (or forces of change) were provided to survey respondents along with two sliding scales – one representing today, and one representing 2021. Respondents were asked to place a marker between two plausible extremes of how the issue could unfold, with the midpoint reflecting uncertainty. By comparing the placement of the market between the "Today" and "2021" sliders, we were able to gauge the direction of change. The findings from the interviews and surveys were further consolidated into the six Drivers of Change and three Areas of Impact that guide this report. The Internet Society organised over 10 roundtable discussions with our community from different regions to discuss in greater depth the initial findings. These included the following events/discussions: - Internet Society Board of Trustees, 2016 - Internet Hall of Fame members (multiple video conferences) - Internet Governance Forum 2016, Open Forum - IETF Policy Makers Roundtable - IETF 95 & IETF 98 - Internet Society all-staff meeting, 2016 - Internet Society Organisational Members Briefing, IETF 98 - RightsCon Brussels 2017 Chapter calls: Youth SIG, Africa (English & French), Latin America - Chapter meeting, Oman - Caribbean Chapter roundtable, ARIN 39 In order to ensure that there was greater depth of information from Asia-Pacific and Africa, we followed up with two surveys to supplement the regional input on the emerging security and trust divide, and artificial intelligence. - Do you see a linkage between cybersecurity/cybercrime and peoples’ ability to access and use the Internet? - To what degree will trust impact peoples’ ability to access and use the Internet? Will there be a difference between or within countries? - What do you think the policy responses from governments to cyberattacks will be? - How will government responses to cyberattacks impact the open Internet? - How will governments respond to the increased use and deployment of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things? - What are the implications of the above for society? In June 2017, the Internet Society issued a final survey to seek input on a set of recommendations to address the challenges and opportunities identified in the Drivers of Change and Areas of Impact. These served to complement and inspire recommendations developed by Internet Society staff. Se sei un artista; poeta, musicista, ballerino, pittore, scultore, animatore, fotografo, ceramico, scrittore, designer, performer... artista... vogliamo esporti.. quindi dovresti entrare in contatto BarcEmArt: quello che ti servirà, quello che vogliamo... Avrai bisogno del tuo sito web dedicato che presenti la tua espressione (ci sono molte soluzioni gratuite per questo): Il tuo sito web deve avere una sezione di contatto per consentire ai divulgatori (gallerie, teatri, studi, editori) o alle persone interessate a conoscerti o ad acquistare la tua arte di contattarti Sul sito Web BarcEmArt potrai esporre 10 esempi della tua espressione (puoi avere le espressioni in un massimo di 2 diverse categorie che riflettono il tuo stile). Ogni pezzo sarà collegato tramite collegamento ipertestuale al tuo sito web. Dovrai farci sapere a quale categoria di arte ritieni che la tua espressione sia correlata, inclusa la definizione di nuove che potrebbero non esistere ancora. I prezzi della tua arte non saranno pubblicati su questo sito; questo è qualcosa che dovrai discutere direttamente e privatamente con qualsiasi visitatore che ti contatta. Non ci sono costi per pubblicare la tua arte sul sito barcEmArt (questo sforzo è benevolo), e non prenderemo alcuna percentuale di qualsiasi vendita che fai l'unica ragione per questa galleria virtuale di esistere è quello di esporre artisti emergenti.. ....... e lasciare che l'amante dell'arte decida شش کشته در خشونتهای تازه در افغانستان در خشونت های تازه در افغانستان شش نفر کشته و شش تن دیگر زخمی شده اند. به گفته مقامات افغان و خارجی غیرنظامیان افغان و شورشیان در میان کشته شدگان هستند. مقامات محلی در ولایت هلمند تایید کرده اند که در تازه ترین عملیات هوایی نیروهای خارجی در این ولایت دو غیرنظامی کشته و شش تن دیگر بازداشت شدند. سخنگوی والی هلمند به بی بی سی گفت افرادی که در این حمله در ولسوالی نادعلی زخمی شدند به کمک نیروهای خارجی برای درمان به مراکز بهداشتی منتقل شده اند. ساکنان محل در ولایت هلمند می گویند در این عملیات هشت نفر کشته شدند. از سوی دیگر، نیروهای آمریکایی مستقر در شرق افغانستان با انتشار خبرنامه ای گفته اند که در عملیات نظامی بامداد امروز در ولایت پکتیکا دو شورشی مسلح را کشته و پنج تن دیگر را بازداشت کرده اند. نیروهای آمریکایی می گویند این افراد در آتش متقابل این نیروها علیه شورشیان در ولسوالی "زیروک" کشته شدند. به گفته این نیروها، هدف از اجرای این عملیات پناهگاه یک فرمانده محلی در ولسوالی زیروک در صد و پنجاه کیلومتری جنوب کابل بود. گفته می شود این فرمانده در سازماندهی فعالیتهای ستیزه جویان خارجی نقش داشته است. اما هنوز روشن نیست که اجرای این عملیات منجر به کشته شدن و یا بازداشت این فرمانده طالبان شده است یانه. برساس یک خبر دیگر، نظامیان آمریکایی در غرب افغانستان گفته اند در عملیات نظامی بامداد امروز در ولسوالی شیندند ولایت هرات نیروهای ارتش افغانستان دو شورشی را کشته و دو تن دیگر را بازداشت کرده اند. به گفته این نظامیان، هدف از اجرای عملیات بامداد امروز هدف قرار دادن یک پناهگاه شورشیان مسلح در منطقه موسوم به "زیر کوه" ولسوالی شیندند در ولایت غربی هرات بود. L'amore può portare a gesti avventati che mettono a rischio la propria ed altrui incolumità, e così è successo al vigile del paese sudamericano che - per un colpo di fulmine - ora rischia seriamente di perdere il lavoro. E' successo davvero: l'agente ha multato la donna per "eccesso di bellezza", trovando anche una "motivazione legale" citando l'articolo 214 del codice della strada uruguaiano in base al quale i conducenti devono astenersi dal tenere condotte pericolose alla guida, come ad esempio usare il cellulare. Nel caso della guidatrice, il pericolo era il "circolare con troppa bellezza". Purtroppo per lui però la foto della multa è diventata subito virale e l'agente - degradato già in passato per un episodio analogo - ora rischia seriamente il licenziamento. Insomma, per ora, non proprio un "lieto fine". di Martin Granovsky - Pagina|12 Mauricio Macri sta per crollare. Insieme a lui, uno dei suoi idoli, il presidente cileno Sebastián Piñera, perde colpi. L'altro idolo, il conservatore Mariano Rajoy, era a capo del governo spagnolo, ma il Congresso lo ha mandato a casa nel 2018. Presidente del Cile per la prima volta tra il 2010 e il 2014, nell'esercizio del suo secondo mandato dal marzo dello scorso anno, Piñera è la settima persona più ricca del suo paese e il numero 745 al mondo. La sua fortuna dichiarata raggiunge i 2,7 miliardi di dollari. Li ha ottenuti in compagnie aeree come Lan Chile, proprietà, supermercati, TV, carte di credito e calcio. Uno dei fili che lega Piñera e Macri è la
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cheaper, faster, lower in power consumption, easier to provision for voice, data and video, and easier to manage, since they were originally designed to connect millions of homes for telephone, Internet and TV services. Like fiber to the home, the key element in the POL is the optical splitter in the fiber distribution hub (FDH) that allows up to 32 users to share the electronics in an OLT (optical line terminal), greatly reducing the system costs. The ONT (optical network terminal) connects to the network over a single fiber and acts as a media converter, connecting phones over conventional copper cables as POTs lines or VoIP and connecting PCs and wireless access points over standard Cat 5e/6 copper patchcords. Fiber or Copper - or Wireless? LAN cabling is often perceived as the big battleground of fiber versus copper, but in reality the marketplace has changed. The network user, formerly sitting at a desktop computer screen with cables connecting their computer to the corporate network and a phone connected with another cable, is becoming a relic of the past. People now want to be mobile. Practically everybody uses a laptop, excepting engineers or graphic designers at workstations, and most of them will have a laptop as a second computer to carry, along with everybody else, to meetings where everybody brings their laptops and connects on WiFi. When was the last time you went to a meeting where you could connect with a cable? Besides laptops on WiFi, people use Blackberries and iPhones for wireless communications. Some new devices, like the iPhone, allow web browsing with connection over either the cellular network or a WiFi network. Some mobile phones are portable VoIP devices connecting over WiFi to make phone calls. While WiFi has had some growing pains and continual upgrades, at the 802.11n standard, it has become more reliable and offers what seems to be adequate bandwidth for most users. The desire for mobility, along with the expansion of connected services, appears to lead to a new type of corporate network. Fiber optic backbone with copper to the desktop where people want direct connections and multiple wireless access points, more than is common in the past, for full coverage and maintaining a reasonable number of users per access point is the new norm for corporate networks. What about fiber to the desk (FTTD)? Progressive users may opt for FTTD, as a complete fiber network based on centralized fiber cabling can be a very cost effective solution, negating the requirement for telecom rooms full of switches, with data quality power and grounds, plus year-round air conditioning. Security conscious organizations use fiber because it is difficult to tap. Power users, like engineers, graphics designers and animators need can use the bandwidth available with FTTD. Others go for a fiber backbone or zone system, with fiber to local small-scale switches, close enough to users for those who want cable connectivity instead of wireless, to plug in with a short patchcord. More recently, applications with many users like large companies or organizations, educational institutions, hotels, hospitals, etc. have found passive optical LANs based on fiber to the home technology to be the most capable and cost effective networks. Itís the job of the designer to understand not only the technology of communications cabling, but also the technology of communications, and to keep abreast of the latest developments in not only the technology but the applications of both. Test Your Comprehension with the Networks Quiz Premises Cabling Website Contents Each page will open in a new window. Overview of Premises Cabling and Standards 一、法律共同体 什么是法律共同体,通俗的说就是指公安局、法院、检察院,这些国家机关是法律共同体的主体,但是在中国的法律共同体中法律并不是至上的,这也就是当今中国的问题所在。美国之所以强大,是因为美国是一个法律至上的国家,国家的所有公民包括总统都尊重法律,并且依法行事。这是美国强大的重要原因之一,在当今中国,法律并不至上,主要原因有几点: 1、中国是一个封建历史比较悠久的国家,整个国家从历史上来看崇尚的是人治而并非法治,君主至上。因此衍生出当今的中国是一个行政权占优势的国家,行政权可以干预司法、立法等等环节。 2、在当今中国司法并不独立,能够左右司法的因素有很多。法官的待遇不高,由此而产生贪污受贿问题比较严重,在美国法官都是从十分出色的律师中选出来的,这些法官当他们从一个普通的律师做到出色的大律师时,无疑财富进行了大量的积累,而当他们当上法官以后法官的待遇又十分优厚,因此在美国一个法官为了钱而腐败是无法想象的,因为他们已经有了足够多的钱来杜绝他们腐败。 二、为什么要选择律师这个职业 1、律师相对于警察、检察官、法官更加的自由 举通俗的例子,一个律师收了当事人的好处比如烟、酒等等并不触犯什么法律,更提不上贪污受贿,而一名警察、检察官或者法官如果收了当事人的礼,就要受到相应的处罚,因为这是触犯中国人民共和国刑法的行为,是贪污受贿。因此可以总结出律师不受这些条条框框的限制,更加的自由。 2、从收入上来看 如果警察、检察官、法官没有种种灰色的收入的话,那么律师的平均收入绝对在这些公职之上,而这些收入都是合法的、可靠地、干净的,即使当事人给了律师更多的好处,那也是情理之中的,既没有触犯法律的底线,也没有违背道德之类。 三、律师的发展前景更加的广阔 1、从数量上来看 首先,全世界有180万的律师,并且这些律师是各国各民族的精华及优秀人才的组合体。而在这180万律师当中,美国的律师占了一半,即90万。在美国平均收入中排第一的阶层就是律师,一个法律本科生毕业后一年的平均收入可以达到50万人民币,而在中国远远达不到这个水平。 其次,中国有12万律师,但是中国却有13亿人口,是美国人口的4倍多,而律师的数量却不到美国律师数量的4分之一。中国的律师业要想达到美国律师业的水平要增加450万律师,而这至少要200年的时间。 综上,从以上的数据显示来看,中国的律师行业的发展前景是十分广阔的。 2、律师是十分高尚的职业 律师之所以是十分高尚的职业,因为社会上非常复杂的矛盾结点都是由律师这个行业来调整的。当发生矛盾时,如果是很小的矛盾,当事人之间可以通过简单的商量就能够解决。一般的矛盾,当事人之间通过一定的协商与沟通也是能够解决的。而当矛盾复杂到当事人自己无法解决,并且无法调和的时候,这就需要律师来帮助解决调和这样的矛盾。这样才能保证社会的和谐与稳定,如果没有律师来调整这些复杂矛盾的结点而这些矛盾将越积越多,量变产生质变,这必将会导致社会的动荡。因此律师是十分高尚的职业,为社会为国家的稳定及发展做出了贡献。 3、律师这个行业的人必然是有钱的。 从目前的情况来看,没有一个律师是穷的吃不起饭的,即使做的不好,律师这个行业中也不会有这种情况的发生。这不仅仅是律师行业聚集了社会的精英,而更高层次的原因是只有律师有钱了,有了更好的保障,才能更好的发挥其作用及效能,就像法官一样,必须要保障法官的待遇,否则的话贪污受贿是必然的事情。而一个为了自己利益去审理案件的法官怎么可能做到公平正义呢。律师也是如此,如果一心只想榨干当事人钱财的律师绝对不是一个好律师,只有用敬业精神来对待每一个案子的律师才是好律师,但是这也是有前提的,就是必须有物质上的保障,至少要填饱肚子。因此律师这个行业的人必然是有钱的。 四、律师的未来 1、律师必然会拥有极大的物质财富 从社会的发展规律来看,一个社会的发展是从人治到法治的过程,而当社会确立了法律至上时,通过法律手段来解决问题成为了重要的手段之一,也就是社会上的大部分复杂突出的矛盾都要通过法律来解决。美国的律师的平均收入比任何一个阶层的平均收入都要高,因为美国已经是一个法律至上、法治水平十分发达的国家,而这个国家的大小矛盾多数都要由法律来调整,甚至美国人每个人都有自己的私人律师,这就为律师行业的蓬勃发展奠定了基础,律师的收入必定在所有行业中名列前茅的。而这正是中国社会中国律师行业将来的发展方向。 2、掌握国家大权 如果对美国的历史有多一点的了解的话,可以看出,美国的多任总统都出自于著名的法学院,他们的前身都是出色的律师,包括克林顿、小布什以及在任的奥巴马。这就为美国成为一个更加法治民主,更加法律至上的国家奠定了基础。总统是行政权力的中心,而这些行政权的首脑都是法律出身,他们必定更加的尊重法律、了解法律以及依法办事。从美国的许多案例中可以看出,如马伯里诉麦迪逊,法官的判决可以决定谁当选了总统,可见法律至上的权威。 因此,这也必将是中国的发展方向,也是我田万勇律师的理想及推崇做洲际导弹型律师的目标所在。 本人激力推崇做“洲际导弹型律师”,以崇高的职业道德精神把律师这光荣的职业使命送到地球的任何一个地方,让我们伟大的祖国乃至全世界变得更加和谐、美好! 洲际导弹型律师职业格言:在当今法制不健全的中国,任何人都有权利可以不完全相信法律,但是应当相信优秀的律师。因为律师除了通过法律途径帮助矛盾双方当事人解决矛盾以外,在不触犯法律的前提下,还可以充分发挥自己的聪明才智帮助矛盾双方当事人解决法律约束不到的矛盾,进而能为推进我国在立法上的完善和构建和谐社会做出应有的贡献! ABD'nin Oregon eyaletinde yaşayan Human Chequerboard (İnsan Dama Tahtası) lakaplı Matt Gone vücudunun yüzde 98'inin dövmelerle kaplı olduğu yetmezmiş gibi, gözlerinin akını da dövmeyle boyadı! Başı ve yüzü dama tahtası dövmesiyle kaplı olan Gone'un bundan böyle sonsuza dek bir gözünün akı mavi, diğerininki yeşil olarak kalacak. Nine News adlı sitenin haberine göre; bu son derece riskli operasyonu evde kendisi yapan Gone ABD televizyonu Fox 12'ye yaptığı açıklamada, "Test ettim ve başarılı oldu. Bu riski almak zorundaydım. Bu daha önce defalarca yaptığım bir iş. Ben değil değilim. Eğitimliyim. Çok tecrübeliyim. Farklı renkler kullandım çünkü mutasyonları seviyorum. Çünkü benim de doğuştan gelen özürlerim var" diye konuştu. 20 yıl önce fiziksel deformasyonlarını gizlemek için vücuduna dövme yapmaya başladığını anlatan Gone, fazla ayrıntı vermedi. Doktorlar, göze mürekkep enjekte etmenin körlüğe ve ciddi enfeksiyonlara yol açabileceğini belirtiyor. Odatv.com 19 yıl oy verdik 14 ay idare edemediniz WHAT IS ECU (ENGINE CONTROL UNIT)? All modern cars and vans on the road today have an ECU (ENGINE CONTROL UNIT). This Engine Control Unit can almost be described as the vehicles ‘brain’ and contains a small processor that takes information from various sensors throughout the engine. It analyses information such as the engine temperature, accelerator pedal angle, oxygen content in the burnt exhaust gases as well as many more parameters. Using the information from these sensors it can then add the right quantity of fuel, at just the right time to provide a good mix of fuel economy, performance and emission control when pulling away, overtaking, pottering down the road or zooming down the motorway. WHAT IS ECU REMAPPING/PROGRAMMING? When a manufacturer develops a new car they have to take into consideration all of the conditions it may be subjected to in all of the regions in which they intend to sell this model. This means instead of just optimising the ECU’s program or ‘map’ to deliver the best performance or the most fuel efficiency they have to make compromises to the map to take into account these potential differing operating conditions. These could include sub-standard fuels, extremes in temperature and altitude, differing emission laws and even the possibility that vehicle may not be serviced on a regular basis and in accordance with the manufacturers recommended instructions. ECU remapping is taking a read from the ECU’s processing chip of the vehicles standard compromised map and adjusting various parameters within the map such as fuel pressure, boost pressure (on turbocharged applications) ignition advance and throttle pedal control amongst others to release the true performance from the engine. It is a completely safe process as it is just giving the engine the performance it should have had in the first place before all the compromises were applied to the original programming. Every engine will have its own unique map and by adjusting this we can fine tune the characteristics of the engine; unleashing more power and in many cases reduce fuel consumption too. Find My Vehicle Find Your Nearest Dealer BENEFITS OF ECU REMAPPING/PROGRAMMING ECU programming will not only improve the engines power and torque figures it will also sharpen the throttle response and widen the power-band. This will make the power delivery a lot more linear, which in turn will make the vehicle feel a lot livelier to drive and the engine more flexible. Frequently, the vehicles power output is restricted by the manufacturer for no other reason than to ensure that the vehicle fits into a class to suit fleet buyers. As a driving enthusiast, you do not need or want such restrictions placed upon your vehicles ECU and its performance therefore you can benefit from the hidden power and torque locked away within your engine management system. The other main benefit of remapping will be a reduction in fuel consumption. With the extra torque especially at the bottom of the rev range you will see a fuel saving as it will require less throttle input to maintain motorway speeds, you can drive in a higher gear at a slower speed as well as helping significantly when fully laden, towing or on gradients and even in start stop traffic. ECU REMAPPING BENEFITS FOR TURBOCHARGED DIESEL ENGINES Many see the modern crop of Turbocharged diesels as the future of road car's chip tuning. Even in North America, a nation famed for its love of the petrol engine is starting to come around to the benefits of turbo diesel passenger cars in particular. These engines offer fantastic potential for reliable low cost tuning without removing any of the appeal of buying and running a turbo diesel powered vehicle, such as economy, reliability and longevity. After your ECU upgrade to your turbocharged diesel engine, you will enjoy: - Increased horsepower - Increased torque - Better throttle response - Smoother power delivery - Improved fuel economy - Safer overtaking Find My Vehicle Find Your Nearest Dealer روز فارغ التحصیلی مدرسه بر موج خاطراتت انتشار مطالب "اکسپدیشن به اجداد" مورد پسند بسیاری از خوانندگان، از جمله کسانی که مستقیماً در کار سایت دخیل هستند، قرار گرفت. بنابراین، هنرمند ما A. Sheps، که بهخاطر نقاشیهایش از تجهیزات نظامی هم در وبسایت ما و هم در بسیاری از مجلات شناخته شده است، میخواست خاطرات خود را به اشتراک بگذارد. آنها به نظر من بسیار بسیار جالب به نظر می رسیدند و فکر می کنم که خوانندگان VO نیز آنها را چنین در نظر خواهند گرفت. و همین امروز با اولین داستان او در مورد گذشته آشنا می شویم ... V. Shpakovsky پس از ترک مدرسه، هر جوان با این سوال روبرو می شود که برای ادامه تحصیل به کجا برود. من در مدرسه خوب درس خواندم، میانگین نمره گواهینامه 4,75 بود. برای قبولی در دانشگاه، مشروط به گذراندن موفقیت آمیز آزمون های ورودی، این بیش از حد کافی بود. سه موسسه آموزش عالی در زادگاه من ولیکیه لوکی وجود داشت. مؤسسه کشاورزی، مؤسسه تربیت بدنی. لسگافت و شعبه ای از موسسه مهندسین راه آهن لنینگراد. با توجه به اینکه من در کشاورزی "بوم بوم نیستم"، ورزشکار آنقدر هم داغ نیست، LIIZhT بهترین گزینه بود. اولاً، سال اولی که در "هوم گرابس" در زادگاهم تحصیل کردم. 4 سال دیگر تحصیل در لنینگراد انجام شد. ثانیاً ، مؤسسه به طور مطلق خوابگاهی برای دانشجویان فراهم کرد ، در حالی که همکلاسی های من که وارد دانشگاه های مسکو و لن
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is a relatively healthy reef. When faced with few stresses, damaged, relatively healthy reefs can naturally recover rapidly. A management plan for Sipadan must be in place as soon as possible. The management plan needs to be based on sound science in order to manage all human activities on the island and its reefs. Additionally, an annual ‘state of the reef’ report showing the results of coral monitoring and numbers of visitors for the year would assist in the assessment of the reefs. This will highlight management efforts and provide interested stakeholders with information on an area that they care for deeply. It must also be recognized that there is a difference between managing the security aspects of Sipadan and managing biodiversity of the island. Responsibilities of the island’s security management and of the biodiversity management must be clearly delineated. For the latter, Sabah Parks needs a full mandate and a proper management plan for biodiversity. Sabah Parks should be given full assistance by government, the private sector and local community stakeholders to manage Sipadan and other marine parks. WWF-Malaysia hopes that the management plan will be developed through participation and input from dive operators, divers and local communities as well as non-governmental organisations. A transparent, participatory process will build more capacity amongst all stakeholders to help Sabah Parks manage Sipadan. “Sipadan is a national treasure that is also highly valued by people all over the world. The minimal impact of the barge accident will probably not affect the exquisite diving on Sipadan,” said WWF-Malaysia’s National Programme Director Dr. Dionysius Sharma. Please Contact Us for the more Info. 原标题:注意!吃这种药别喝咖啡~10大用药不良习于旧贯,看看您占几条 安明松有何药物互相功效 安明松是复方制剂吗 安明松是复方制剂吗所谓的复方,系指二种或二种以上的药品,依据中医的四诊八纲、辨证论治的尺度,针对病情有机地组合而成的处方,系与单味药相对来讲。安明松重要是用于医疗单纯药物不能够丰硕调控血压的轻轻 1、血压水平的归类和概念是怎么? ■中枢神经系统药 平民百姓健先生康 所谓的复方,系指二种或二种以上的药品,依据中医的四诊八纲、辨证论治的法规,针对病情有机地组合而成的配方,系与单味药相对来讲。安明松主借使用以临床单纯药物不能够尽量调整血压的中度、高度原发性急性心包炎的药品,那么,安明松是复方制剂吗? 基于二〇〇八版《中夏族民共和国病毒性心肌炎防治指南》将血压分为符合规律、符合规律高值及早搏。按血压水平将早搏分为1,2,3级。 老人在治病风疹时要在意,花甲之年人的中枢神经系统比别的系统更易发生成效障碍,应用镇静催眠药更易产生不良反应,联合用药时的不良反应更易加多。如服用巴比妥类药物会爆发畸形的感动,也更易发生中枢禁止。两种以上的波澜不惊催眠药合用可挑起镇静过度、共济失于调养,神志模糊,在上午和晚间更加的引人瞩目。假使此刻还同时服用了甲氰咪胍、威斯他霉素、异烟、双香豆素等更平添了心脏不良反应 。故不激励古稀之年人健康服用镇静催眠药。如必需选拔应服用短效类的或适当调度剂量并相应延长用药间距时间,苯二氮卓类长时间接选举拔可产生生理依赖性,停药后会出现戒断症状。因而应注意合理利用,制止滥用。 全体为了无名小卒健康 安明松通用名为缬沙坦双克分散片,因为安明松每片含有缬沙坦80mg和双克12.5mg。安明松是属于生意盎然种复方制剂,是用于医治原发性传播病魔毒性早搏。安明松除了不独有在用来治病支气管发育不全那几个地点,还在任啥地点方有必然的效能,依据上述,安明松适用于临床单纯药物不能尽量调控血压的高度-中度原发性胸膜炎。安明松不切合主动脉瘤的起初医治。对于轻至高度的肾功能衰退病人(肌酐清除率≥30ml/min)或轻至高度肝成效缺乏(非胆管性无胆汁淤积)的患儿,没有须要调解剂量。 强迫症是中年老年年的常见病。三环类抗抑郁药是遍布应用的药品。花甲之年人睡眠过度的沉闷伤者不应选用叔胺三环抗抑郁药,单胺氧化酶禁止剂不适于医疗老年精神分裂症。因为花甲之年人用药后易并发体位性低血压等不良反应且与七种药品发生互相成效,可现身危重症状照旧寿终正寝。 任何为了平常百姓幸福 为此,安明松作为合成药物,安明松具备医疗效果确切,副功用少,耐药性强等特色,服用后药效快速吸取,血药浓度保持安静,日常是索要每一日就能够服用1次,可在24小时内有效点调整,平稳降压,其成效由于缬沙坦和双克任何大器晚成种单独用药。安明松中的血管恐慌素II是生机勃勃种强的缩血管物质,可发挥直接的升压效应,还可推动钠的重吸收,激情醒固酮分泌。 常规血压在30岁以下只需每八年测二回血压,二十八岁以上则需每年每度二遍;而常规高值在保证二个不荒谬的活着方式的还要,每年每度至一丢丢叁回血压,仿佛时有慢性高血糖或肾病,即将合作药物临床,将血压调控在130/80mmHg以下。 关注 以上是安明松是复方制剂吗的切实可行描述,作为宝芝林专门的工作的药王,是要对您的病状担当,药物并不是切合各类病者,某些药物病者使用有意义,有个别药物病者使用导致过敏等情景,所以在未曾询问伤者病情的情事下,我们是不会盲目指点伤者用药的。宝芝林业余大学学药房的药王温馨提示:如有任何病魔用药难题,可拨打无需付费咨询热线4001-020-870或咨询在线药王,宝芝林业大学药房药王将会为你提供规范的毛病用药教导。 早搏伤者需经过药物降压至140/90mmHg,患有慢性高血糖或肾病的降压至130/80 mmHg,按时监测血压,中度动脉硬化每两月一次,中度每月贰遍,重度则每一周三遍。 ■心血管系统药 咖啡是不菲人赏识的饮品,它能提神醒脑,还是能够压缩心脏病的发出。但是,咖啡会和众多药品“相克”,原因是咖啡因能烦恼药物代谢,与广大药物发生不良反应。在那之中,心血管病痛的常用药止汗剂尤其如此。 药品互相功效很布满,有的伤者服药后病情越来越恶化,有些人服了部分药后,出现了倒霉的反响,都有望是药品之间的互相作用引起的。安明松为复方制剂,适用于医疗单纯药物不可能丰富调控血压的中度-中度原发性原发性心脏肿瘤。那么,安明松有何样药物互相功效呢? 2、未有症状的时候是否足以不服用降压药? 老头子在医疗心血管病痛时要小心,天命之年人对强心苷相比较灵敏,服小剂量即可能出现毒性反应。因而年逾古稀人地高辛中毒的产生率、过逝率均较年轻人高。 地高辛与奎尼丁合用时地高辛剂量应减半。强心苷类药与排钾利水药合用时可因低钾而充实心脏毒性。此二类药合用时还应小心及时补钾以免胸膜炎。因而,提出老人平日给与中年人常规剂量的56%或55%,在肾缺乏时更应减少数量。用药时期应依据临床表现及血药浓度监测调节剂量。 祛痰剂是诊治常用药,其药效效率综上说述且价格低廉,是好多病魔治疗的一线药物,非常在心血管病痛领域利用极多。 据研讨表明,安明松与别的抗病毒性气管梗阻药物合用能够扩张安明松的抗动脉硬化医疗效果。而安明松与保钾健胃剂、补钾制剂或含钾的盐替代物、或别的能够改造血清钾的药品合用须求下马看花并监测血钾水平。曾有电视发表,病者还要利用锂、ACE制止剂和/或噻嗪类祛痰剂,可引起血清锂浓度可逆性提升和锂中毒。未有同有时候利用缬沙坦与锂的经历。因而,在一起应用锂和安明松的境况下,建议定时检查测验血清锂水平。 不得以,请各位病友百折不回服药。其实当血压超越平常范围时,血压对心、脑、肾就已经上马发生加害。 老头对口服抗凝药敏感,若与抗血小板药合用则会大增出血的危险。 后生可畏边,排毒剂具备非凡的降压功能,可看作降压药使用;另大器晚成方面,它能推进体液排出,有效地减轻伤者麻疹,是治病人困马乏的中央药物。 缬沙坦单独与西咪替丁、华法林、呋Semimi、地高辛、阿替洛尔、消炎痛、双克、氨氯地和平格列苯等药物之间一贯不观测到有临床意义的相互功效。因为安明松中合有噻嗪类明目剂的成分,所以或者发生下列相互成效:噻嗪类药物富含双克能够抓实箭毒衍生物的法力。与非体类抗炎药物合用(如水杨酸衍生物、消炎痛)或许减少安明松中噻嗪类成分的宁心和抗急性心力交瘁的活性。如同期设有血容积不足则大概变成慢性肾功效贫乏。与排钾解表剂、皮质激素、促肾上腺皮质激素、两性霉素B、甘珀酸、欧霉素G或水杨酸衍生物同期服用能够加剧钾的不见。噻嗪类导致的低钾或低镁能够增加服用洋地髓类药物伤者爆发支气管发育不全的权利险。调治胰激素或口服抗糖尿病前期药物的剂量只怕是少不了的。 局地单心房伤者平日不服药,当出现头晕或测血压进步时才咽下降压药,风流罗曼蒂克旦症状未有或测血压已恢复生机平常又不服用降压药了,这种做法是不当的也是极度险象跌生的。因为停服降压药后血压又要再上涨,那样每每升降最后将促成病情恶化。 ■降糖药 常用的明目剂分为3类:袢排毒剂(如呋Semimi)、噻嗪类(如双克)及保钾健胃剂(如安体舒通)。袢清热剂的药效最强,噻嗪类属中游药效化痰剂。 除此以外,安明松与噻嗪类开胃剂蕴含双克联合利用或然扩充对别嘌呤醇的超敏反应发生率,大概扩张金刚烷胺引发副成效的危慢性,也可能提升中二年级氮嗪升前驱慢性高血糖的效果与利益,大概缩减细胞毒药物(如环磷酰胺,甲氨蝶呤)的肾脏排放,因而扩张它们的骨髓禁止作而成效。当同有时候赋予抗胆碱能药物(如阿托品、比立登)时,噻嗪类解痉剂的生物体利开支或者扩大,那也许是胃肠道运动减少和胃排空速度减慢的结果。有意气风发道使用氢氯噻嗪和乙苯多巴引起溶贫的个例报纸发表。消胆胺减弱噻嗪类解痉剂包含双克的收受。联合使用噻嗪类除热剂满含氢氯噻嗪和粗纤维D或钙盐只怕加强进步血钙的效果与利益。联合利用环孢素恐怕扩张高尿酸血症的危殆性而引起痛风的并发症。 确实无疑的做法是当血压减低到平常范围之后,可在先生携水肿调度降压药,以维持量长期同心同德服下去。 老汉在医疗糖尿病前期时要细心β-受体阻滞剂、噻嗪类解毒剂、糖皮质激素可降低降糖药的作用,而水杨酸盐、消炎痛、磺胺类、氨茶碱等可扩展磺类药品的降糖成效。天命之年前驱糖尿病病者应慎用β-受体阻滞剂,因其可覆盖低血糖症状,使低血糖难于发掘。老年前驱糖尿病伤者服药降压药时,应幸免用噻嗪类解表剂防止引起前驱前驱糖尿病症。 那二种药物都会招致体内钾离子的不见,由此服用时要小心补充钾盐,还应按时检验肾功金属离子等目标。保钾健胃剂虽消肿成效较弱,但其可防备钾离子的排出,可与上述两类药品联用,保障机体离子的平衡。 如上是安明松有哪些药物互相成效的连锁实际呈报,要明了药品犹如一把双刃剑,在具备诊医疗效果能的还要,必然存在不良反应。合理的利用实惠减少不良反应的发生,由此在运用该产品的经过中病者要多关切该产品的选拔表明,依照本身情状可向药剂师、医务人士咨询有关的利用方法。借使您想询问越多病痛用药的连锁音讯,可免费拨打宝芝林业余大学学药房咨询热线:4001-020-870在线药士将会为你提供正规的用药辅导。宝芝林业余大学学药房祝你天从人愿。 3、降压药平时选拔怎么样时候服用? ■利尿药 小心花甲之年病者用药不客观新京葡娱乐场www2977:,安明松是复方制剂吗。咖啡因可引致体内的钾离子代谢杂乱,因而,使用益气剂的病人不能够喝咖啡。咖啡因能够扩充肾脏的血液,加速液体的排出,所以,人们喝完咖啡会频仍去厕所。 暂缓慢性身心交瘁病人伤者一天24小时的血压水平是不稳固的,有四个高峰和八个低谷:傍晚9～11时及早晨4～6时为全天最怔忡;上午12时～凌晨2时为率先个低谷,早晨8时后血压呈缓慢回退趋势,清晨2～3时为最低。 排钾祛寒药与别的具备排钾成效的药物如糖皮质激素、两性霉素B合用时丢钾加重,老年人肾效率减退,易孳生低钾血症,而补钾不慎又极易产生高钾血症。呋Semimi和依他尼酸所致的听力与前庭的效用损伤,可因与氨基糖苷类抗生素合用而加重,故制止配伍使用。阿司匹林、消炎痛等抗炎药可减少呋Semimi的活血功能。噻嗪类明目药减弱钙从肾排出,同时补钙大概滋生血钙提高。 借使同时服用止呕剂,会使得机体多量遗失液体。最危殆的是引致钾离子遗失严重,引起体内低钾。钾是涵养心脏节律的尤为重要离子,低钾会引起慢性心力衰竭,严重者会导致致命的心肌炎。因而,使用开胃剂时不可能喝咖啡。 故此要挑选拔药时间,日常第一次用药在清晨6～7时,第四回用药在下午3～4时。药效持续24钟头的降压药,平常每一日清晨服一回就可以。 ■抗生素 十大用药不良习贯 4、常用的降压药物有哪些? 中年年逾古稀年使用抗生素医疗感染性病痛时应留心易出现二重感染,极其是体质衰弱的老头更易出现。 用药原则颠倒 诊治上一线的降压药大概分为五类: 天命之年肉体内水分少、肝肾作用下落,易并发高血药浓度和毒性反应,而加深肝肾成效的风险。 药物具有两重性,既可以“治病”又能“致病”,不相同的给药门路“致病”的危害也比不上。外用、口服、注射、静
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of Medicine, Stanford University. Osteoclasts are highly specialized cells that are derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage of the bone marrow. Their unique ability to resorb both the organic and inorganic matrices of bone means that they play a key role in regulating skeletal remodeling. Together, osteoblasts and osteoclasts are responsible for the dynamic coupling process that involves both bone resorption and bone formation acting together to maintain the normal skeleton during health and disease. As the principal bone-resorbing cell in the body, changes in osteoclast differentiation or function can result in profound effects in the body. Diseases associated with altered osteoclast function can range in severity from lethal neonatal disease due to failure to form a marrow space for hematopoiesis, to more commonly observed pathologies such as osteoporosis, in which excessive osteoclastic bone resorption predisposes to fracture formation. An ability to isolate osteoclasts in high numbers in vitro has allowed for significant advances in the understanding of the bone remodeling cycle and has paved the way for the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies that combat these diseases. Here, we describe a protocol to isolate and cultivate osteoclasts from mouse bone marrow that will yield large numbers of osteoclasts. Cellular Biology, Issue 93, osteoclast, RANKL, culture, resorption assay, bone remodeling, bone turnover, skeletal homeostasis Intravital Imaging of Axonal Interactions with Microglia and Macrophages in a Mouse Dorsal Column Crush Injury Institutions: Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University. Traumatic spinal cord injury causes an inflammatory reaction involving blood-derived macrophages and central nervous system (CNS)-resident microglia. Intra-vital two-photon microscopy enables the study of macrophages and microglia in the spinal cord lesion in the living animal. This can be performed in adult animals with a traumatic injury to the dorsal column. Here, we describe methods for distinguishing macrophages from microglia in the CNS using an irradiation bone marrow chimera to obtain animals in which only macrophages or microglia are labeled with a genetically encoded green fluorescent protein. We also describe a injury model that crushes the dorsal column of the spinal cord, thereby producing a simple, easily accessible, rectangular lesion that is easily visualized in an animal through a laminectomy. Furthermore, we will outline procedures to sequentially image the animals at the anatomical site of injury for the study of cellular interactions during the first few days to weeks after injury. Cellular Biology, Issue 93, Intravital, spinal cord crush injury, chimera, microglia, macrophages, dorsal column crush, axonal dieback A Simple Critical-sized Femoral Defect Model in Mice Institutions: Texas A&M Health Science Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Texas A&M Health Science Center. While bone has a remarkable capacity for regeneration, serious bone trauma often results in damage that does not properly heal. In fact, one tenth of all limb bone fractures fail to heal completely due to the extent of the trauma, disease, or age of the patient. Our ability to improve bone regenerative strategies is critically dependent on the ability to mimic serious bone trauma in test animals, but the generation and stabilization of large bone lesions is technically challenging. In most cases, serious long bone trauma is mimicked experimentally by establishing a defect that will not naturally heal. This is achieved by complete removal of a bone segment that is larger than 1.5 times the diameter of the bone cross-section. The bone is then stabilized with a metal implant to maintain proper orientation of the fracture edges and allow for mobility. Due to their small size and the fragility of their long bones, establishment of such lesions in mice are beyond the capabilities of most research groups. As such, long bone defect models are confined to rats and larger animals. Nevertheless, mice afford significant research advantages in that they can be genetically modified and bred as immune-compromised strains that do not reject human cells and tissue. Herein, we demonstrate a technique that facilitates the generation of a segmental defect in mouse femora using standard laboratory and veterinary equipment. With practice, fabrication of the fixation device and surgical implantation is feasible for the majority of trained veterinarians and animal research personnel. Using example data, we also provide methodologies for the quantitative analysis of bone healing for the model. Medicine, Issue 97, Bone injury model, critical sized defect, mice, femur, tissue engineering, comparative medicine, medullary pin. Automated Quantification of Hematopoietic Cell – Stromal Cell Interactions in Histological Images of Undecalcified Bone Institutions: German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, German Rheumatism Research Center, a Leibniz Institute, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Wimasis GmbH, Charité - University of Medicine. Confocal microscopy is the method of choice for the analysis of localization of multiple cell types within complex tissues such as the bone marrow. However, the analysis and quantification of cellular localization is difficult, as in many cases it relies on manual counting, thus bearing the risk of introducing a rater-dependent bias and reducing interrater reliability. Moreover, it is often difficult to judge whether the co-localization between two cells results from random positioning, especially when cell types differ strongly in the frequency of their occurrence. Here, a method for unbiased quantification of cellular co-localization in the bone marrow is introduced. The protocol describes the sample preparation used to obtain histological sections of whole murine long bones including the bone marrow, as well as the staining protocol and the acquisition of high-resolution images. An analysis workflow spanning from the recognition of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cell types in 2-dimensional (2D) bone marrow images to the quantification of the direct contacts between those cells is presented. This also includes a neighborhood analysis, to obtain information about the cellular microenvironment surrounding a certain cell type. In order to evaluate whether co-localization of two cell types is the mere result of random cell positioning or reflects preferential associations between the cells, a simulation tool which is suitable for testing this hypothesis in the case of hematopoietic as well as stromal cells, is used. This approach is not limited to the bone marrow, and can be extended to other tissues to permit reproducible, quantitative analysis of histological data. Developmental Biology, Issue 98, Image analysis, neighborhood analysis, bone marrow, stromal cells, bone marrow niches, simulation, bone cryosectioning, bone histology Forward Genetics Screens Using Macrophages to Identify Toxoplasma gondii Genes Important for Resistance to IFN-γ-Dependent Cell Autonomous Immunity Institutions: New York Medical College. the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is an obligate intracellular protozoan pathogen. The parasite invades and replicates within virtually any warm blooded vertebrate cell type. During parasite invasion of a host cell, the parasite creates a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) that originates from the host cell membrane independent of phagocytosis within which the parasite replicates. While IFN-dependent-innate and cell mediated immunity is important for eventual control of infection, innate immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes and dendritic cells, can also serve as vehicles for systemic dissemination of the parasite early in infection. An approach is described that utilizes the host innate immune response, in this case macrophages, in a forward genetic screen to identify parasite mutants with a fitness defect in infected macrophages following activation but normal invasion and replication in naïve macrophages. Thus, the screen isolates parasite mutants that have a specific defect in their ability to resist the effects of macrophage activation. The paper describes two broad phenotypes of mutant parasites following activation of infected macrophages: parasite stasis versus parasite degradation, often in amorphous vacuoles. The parasite mutants are then analyzed to identify the responsible parasite genes specifically important for resistance to induced mediators of cell autonomous immunity. The paper presents a general approach for the forward genetics screen that, in theory, can be modified to target parasite genes important for resistance to specific antimicrobial mediators. It also describes an approach to evaluate the specific macrophage antimicrobial mediators to which the parasite mutant is susceptible. Activation of infected macrophages can also promote parasite differentiation from the tachyzoite to bradyzoite stage that maintains chronic infection. Therefore, methodology is presented to evaluate the importance of the identified parasite gene to establishment of chronic infection. Immunology, Issue 97, Toxoplasma, macrophages, innate immunity, intracellular pathogen, immune evasion, infectious disease, forward genetics, parasite Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice Institutions: Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine. Mast cells (MCs) are hematopoietic cells which reside in various tissues, and are especially abundant at sites exposed to the external environment, such as skin, airways and gastrointestinal tract. Best known for their detrimental role in IgE-dependent allergic reactions, MCs have also emerged as important players in host defense against venom and invading bacteria and parasites. MC phenotype and function can be influenced by microenvironmental factors that may differ according to anatomic location and/or based on the type or stage of development of immune responses. For this reason, we and others have favored in vivo approaches over in vitro methods to gain insight into MC functions. Here, we describe methods for the generation of mouse bone marrow-derived cultured MCs (BMCMCs), their adoptive transfer into genetically MC-deficient mice, and the analysis of the numbers and distribution of adoptively transferred MCs at different anatomical sites. This method, named the ‘mast cell knock-in’ approach, has been extensively used over the past 30 years to assess the functions of MCs and MC-derived products in vivo . We discuss the advantages and limitations of this method, in light of alternative approaches that have been developed in recent years. Immunology, Issue 99, c-kit, stem cell factor, FcεRI, immunoglobulin E, mouse model, adoptive transfer, immunology, allergy A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites Institutions: Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine. Chronic inflammation is a major driver of pathological tissue damage and a unifying characteristic of many chronic diseases in humans including neoplastic, autoimmune, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Emerging evidence implicates pathogen-induced chronic inflammation in the development and progression of chronic diseases with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic disease, designing experiments for proof of causality and the establishment of mechanistic links is nearly impossible in humans. An advantage of using animal models is that both genetic and environmental factors that may influence the course of a particular disease can be controlled. Thus, designing relevant animal models of infection represents a key step in identifying host and pathogen specific mechanisms that contribute to chronic inflammation. Here we describe a mouse model of pathogen-induced chronic inflammation at local and systemic sites following infection with the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis , a bacterium closely associated with human periodontal disease. Oral infection of specific-pathogen free mice induces a local inflammatory response resulting in destruction of tooth supporting alveolar bone, a hallmark of periodontal disease. In an established mouse model of atherosclerosis, infection with P. gingivalis accelerates inflammatory plaque deposition within the aortic sinus and innominate artery, accompanied by activation of the vascular endothelium, an increased immune cell infiltrate, and elevated expression of inflammatory mediators within lesions. We detail methodologies for the assessment of inflammation at local and systemic sites. The use of transgenic mice and defined bacterial mutants makes this model particularly suitable for identifying both host and microbial factors involved in the initiation, progression, and outcome of disease. Additionally, the model can be used to screen for novel therapeutic strategies, including vaccination and pharmacological intervention. Immunology, Issue 90, Pathogen-Induced Chronic Inflammation; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Oral Bone Loss; Periodontal Disease; Atherosclerosis; Chronic Inflammation; Host-Pathogen Interaction; microCT; MRI Assessing the Development of Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Peyer's Patches Using Adoptive Transfer of Hematopoietic Progenitors Institutions: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences. This protocol details a method to analyze the ability of purified hematopoietic progenitors to generate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in intestinal Peyer's patch (PP). Common dendritic cell progenitors (CDPs, lin- ) were purified from the bone marrow of C57BL6 mice by FACS and transferred to recipient mice that lack a significant pDC population in PP; in this case, Ifnar-/- mice were used as the transfer recipients. In some mice, overexpression of the dendritic cell growth factor Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) was enforced prior to adoptive transfer of CDPs, using hydrodynamic gene transfer (HGT) of Flt3L-encoding plasmid. Flt3L overexpression expands DC populations originating from transferred (or endogenous) hematopoietic progenitors. At 7-10 days after progenitor transfer, pDCs that arise from the adoptively transferred progenitors were distinguished from recipient cells on the basis of CD45 marker expression, with pDCs from transferred CDPs being CD45.1+ and recipients being CD45.2+ . The ability of transferred CDPs to contribute to the pDC population in PP and to respond to Flt3L was evaluated by flow cytometry of PP single cell suspensions from recipient mice. This method may be used to test whether other progenitor populations are capable of generating PP pDCs. In addition, this approach could be used to examine the role of factors that are predicted to affect pDC development in PP, by transferring progenitor subsets with an appropriate knockdown, knockout or overexpression of the putative developmental factor and/or by manipulating circulating cytokines via HGT. This method may also allow analysis of how PP pDCs affect the frequency or function of other immune subsets in PPs. A unique feature of this method is the use of Ifnar-/- mice, which show severely depleted PP pDCs relative to wild type animals, thus allowing reconstitution of PP pDCs in the absence of confounding effects from lethal irradiation. Immunology, Issue 85, hematopoiesis, dendritic cells, Peyer's patch, cytokines, adoptive transfer Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Institutions: UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio. In recent years, it has become apparent that genomic instability is tightly related to many developmental disorders, cancers, and aging. Given that stem cells are responsible for ensuring tissue homeostasis and repair throughout life, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the stem cell population is critical for preserving genomic integrity of tissues. Therefore, significant interest has arisen in assessing the impact of endogenous and environmental factors on genomic integrity in stem cells and their progeny, aiming to understand the etiology of stem-cell based diseases. transgenic mice carry a recoverable λ phage vector encoding the LacI reporter system, in which the LacI gene serves as the mutation reporter. The
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pin/fayou/201909/832.html 下一篇:没有了 Computers don’t come with operating system installation CDs anymore. If your operating system won’t boot, you’ll need a bootable recovery drive to fix it. All operating systems allow you to create these. These recovery drives provide access to the same recovery options your operating system includes. You can always create them later, although you may need access to a computer running the same operating system. Windows 8.1 and 8 Use the Recovery Media Creator to create a USB recovery drive on Windows 8.1 or 8. Tap the Windows key on your keyboard to access the Start screen, type Recovery drive, and press Enter to open the “Create a recovery drive” tool. Insert your USB drive and go through the wizard. This tool also gives you the option to move your recovery drive to the USB drive, deleting it from your system drive. This can help free up disk space on devices with small amounts of storage, but you’ll need the USB drive to refresh or reset your PC in the future. Windows 7 doesn’t allow you to create USB recovery media. You’ll have to create system repair disc on a CD or DVD. Press the Windows key to open your Start menu, type System Repair Disc, and press Enter to open it. A system repair discallows you top access tools like Startup Repair, which can fix problems that prevent your operating system from booting. On Windows 8, you can press Windows Key + R, type recdisc.exe into the Run dialog, and press Enter to access this tool. It allows you to create a CD or DVD recovery disc for Windows 8. This hidden tool was removed in Windows 8.1, so you’ll have to create a USB recovery drive instead. There’s no need to create separate, specialized recovery media on Linux. Just ensure you have a bootable USB drive, SD card, DVD, or CD with your Linux distribution’s live environment on it. If your Linux distribution ever becomes damaged and unbootable, insert your live CD and use the tools on the live CD to fix it. Unlike on other operating systems, Linux distributions like Ubuntu don’t have specialized “repair installation” options that will attempt to repair an existing installation. But there are other ways you can attempt to repair your Linux system. For example, you could reinstall your Linux distribution without formatting the drive, keeping your files. You could follow guides to fixing your operating system online and run the appropriate terminal commands. You can also use other tools — for example, we have instructions for using the Boot-Repair tool to fix a GRUB boot loader problems. Mac OS X OS X Recovery is built into your Mac. Modern Macs even support Internet Recovery, so they can download the OS X Recovery environment from Apple’s servers when necessary. This is all integrated into the Mac’s UEFI firmware, so it can download the recovery environment and use it even if your hard drive is completely wiped. You can also create an OS X Recovery disk, which is useful on Macs without Internet Recovery or if you want to access recovery mode without an Internet connection. Download the OS X Recovery Disk Assistant from Apple’s website. Run it, select an external drive to install the recovery environment to, and follow the instructions. You can then boot any Mac while holding the Option key, select the recovery drive, and access the recovery environment. You can create a Chrome OS recovery drive on any operating system — on Chrome OS itself, or on any Windows, Linux, or Mac OS X system with Chrome installed. Install the Chromebook Recovery Utility from the Chrome Web Store, insert a 4 GB or larger USB drive or SD card, and select the model of your Chromebook. The utility will create a recovery drive with all of Chrome OS’s system files on it — the recovery drive allows you to reinstall the entire Chrome OS operating system if it ever becomes corrupted. For example, this may happen if you’re using developer mode for full access to the Chrome OS operating system. Unlike the other recovery tools here, the drive you create is only good for the particular model of Chromebook you choose when you create it. You can’t re-use the recovery drive with multiple different models of Chromebooks, although you can quickly rewrite new Chrome OS recovery files to it. To boot the recovery media, just insert it into your computer and reboot. If the computer’s boot order is set up properly, it should boot straight to the recovery environment. به گزارش تابناک به نقل از تسنیم، احسان امینی در خصوص تیم 6 نفره اعزامی به تورنمنت زاگرب اظهار داشت: در واقع با شرکت در این رقابتها یک تیر و دو نشان میزنیم. یکی اینکه این اولین میدان ملیپوشان ما بعد از مسابقات جهانی است و اینجا محک میخورند تا بین حضورشان در مسابقه رسمی وقفهای طولانی مدت نیفتد. نکته دیگر اینکه در این مسابقه رنکینگدار میتوانند امتیاز جمع کنند. وی در مورد میزان آمادگی کشتیگیران شرکتکننده در این رقابتها تأکید کرد: وضعیت همه نسبتاً خوب است، البته آماده کامل نیستند و نیازی هم به آمادگی صددرصدی نیست، اما آن شرایطی که باید در این فصل داشته باشند، را دارند. امینی در مورد حضور کایل اسنایدر و جیدن کاکس در رقابتهای وزن 97 کیلوگرم تورنمنت زاگرب و مصاف احتمالی آنها با امیرعلی آذرپیرا خاطرنشان کرد: آذرپیرا کشتیگیر جوان و با انگیزهای است که از جام تختی سال گذشته خودش را نشان داد. او در امیدهای جهان و جام جهانی هم روند رو به رشدی داشت فقط در لیگ خوب کشتی نگرفت که با توجه به اینکه تازه از امیدهای جهان برگشته بود، خسته و شاید بدنش در افت بود. مربی تیم ملی کشتی آزاد با اشاره به تلاش جیدن کاکس برای رقابت با اسنایدر و کسب دوبنده وزن 97 کیلوگرم تیم ملی آمریکا، اضافه کرد: هر کسی که تغییر وزن میدهد برای جا افتادن در وزن جدید به زمان احتیاج دارد، اینکه یکی بلافاصله در وزن بالاتر نتیجه مطلوب بگیرد، استثناست. فکر میکنم کاکس از نظر قدرت و بدن مشکلی برای حضور در 97 کیلو ندارد و در این وزن جا خواهد افتاد. این مربی کرمانشاهی درباره اینکه چرا با وجود استقبال اغلب مدعیان 65 کیلو از تورنمنت زاگرب، مثل حاجیعلییف، باجرانگ و...، تیم ایران نمایندهای در این وزن ندارد، گفت: برای رحمان که فعلاً زود است به تورنمنت برود. او در جامجهانی هم حضور داشت و با توجه به مدال طلای جهانیاش، از مرحله نهایی انتخابی تیم ملی وارد چرخه خواهد شد. نفر دوم این وزن ما هم پیمان بیابانی است که در مسابقات کشوری اول شده و تازه این مسابقات را پشت سر گذاشته و جواز حضور در رقابتهای قهرمانی آسیا را گرفته، بنابراین از نظر زمانی شرایط این را نداشتیم که بیابانی را هم در این تورنمنت محک بزنیم. امینی در خصوص میزان آمادگی حسن یزدانی برای شرکت در این رقابتها چهار ماه و نیم بعد از کسب مدال نقره جهان، به تسنیم گفت: وضعیت همه تیم خوب است، اما حسن یزدانی بهتر از بقیه است. او آمادگی بدنی خوبی دارد و بعد از مسابقات جهانی تمرینات خوبی را پشت سر گذاشته و به موقع استارت تمرینات را زده تا شکست فینالش در مسابقات جهانی برابر تیلور را در مسابقات جهانی 2023 تلافی کند. او مصمم و با شرایط بدنی خوبی امسال را آغاز کرده است و از اکنون انگیزه بالایی برای مسابقات سال آینده دارد. سایت تابناک از انتشار نظرات حاوی توهین و افترا و نوشته شده با حروف لاتین (فینگیلیش) معذور است. Un uomo passeggia solitario per le strade di Napoli: “Non era uno di quei tutori dell'ordine che fanno della ricerca dei criminali una specie di precetto morale. Si rendeva conto che, dall'esterno, agli occhi dei colleghi della Questura e pure dei magistrati, poteva apparire così: il suo addentare i casi, il suo dedicarsi alla soluzione anima e corpo senza senza intervalli o pause sembrava appunto una missione, qualcosa che andava al di là di ogni mero attaccamento professionale. Del resto, anche il fatto di non avere una vita sociale, una donna o molti amici, feste e ricevimenti da frequentare, circoli ai quali appartenere confermava quest'opinione che ci si poteva fare di lui.Ma non era così, rifletté mentre camminava defilato per evitare la massa di gente che intasava la strada. In realtà lui odiava il lato oscuro dell'animo umano ed era terrorizzato da quanto fosse in grado di concepire la fiumana variopinta e puzzolente che, ridendo, cantando, urlando e chiacchierando si riversava nei vicoli, creando le passioni che l'avrebbero portata alla gioia o, più spesso, alla rovina. Avrebbe evitato volentieri di averci a che fare, col crimine. Avrebbe dato tutto quello che aveva per essere una persona normale, con l'unico obiettivo di farsi una famiglia e portarla avanti il meglio possibile.All'angolo della strada si presentò ai suoi occhi una scena grottesca e terribile. Una piccola fioraia se ne stava accovacciata a terra, con davanti un paniere di viole, rose selvatiche e giunchiglie. Sorridendo, cercava di richiamare l'attenzione dei passanti con una cantilena ..[..] Di fronte alla bambina, a meno di un metro, il commissario percepì il cadavere di un uomo di mezza età. Gli occhi vuoti del morto, con la bocca digrignante di dolore estremo,fissavano alla stessa altezza, senza vederli, quelli della ragazzina: il corpo era stato tranciato di netto a metà dal tram sotto il quale si era gettato, e scompariva alla vista di Ricciardi all'altezza del bacino sanguinante, da cui fuoriuscivano bianche le vertebre e rosei gli intestini.La voce del morto, per lui perfettamente udibile, almeno quanto la cantilena della ragazzina, bestemmiava contro la miseria e la disperazione che lo avevano portato a cercare quella fine atroce.Accelerò il passo senza rispondere all'invito della fioraia, estraendo dalla tasca un fazzoletto profumato e premendoselo sulla bocca per arginare la nausea improvvisa.Ecco il perché, pensò.Ecco la spiegazione al mio attaccamento al lavoro, a quello che potrebbe sembrare il patologico piacere a rimestare nel fango che donne e uomini si portano chiuso nelle stanze segrete del cuore. Come faccio, come farei a ignorare tutto questo dolore? Come potrei sfuggirgli, come posso evitarlo, se mi arriva addosso a un angolo di strada in questo meraviglioso pomeriggio di settembre?” Da “Anime di vetro” di Maurizio de Giovanni, Einaudi In questo ultimo romanzo, altri pesi gravano sulle spalle del commissario Ricciardi: il dolore per la perdita della tata Rosa. E l'aver visto con gli occhi l'effetto del suo essersi sempre chiuso in sé, non essere stato capace di aprirsi a nessuna donna ... L'indagine che affronterà in questa storia, un usuraio ucciso e un nobile reo confesso dell'omicidio, lo aiuterà ad affrontare questa situazione. In case of emergencies the population in danger should be alarmed so individuals can take action to get or remain out of danger. For alarming the population the means available are limited. Many countries have outdoor sirens. They operability however is limited since the siren has only one implicit instruction to the population. This instruction should moreover be known. The Safety Science Group has been involved in studying the potential effectiveness of alarming and informing the population via mobile phone messages since 2004 in national and EU context. In the course of 2012 this technology will come available for citizens’ alarming in The Netherlands. This paper discusses the field of citizens’ alarming and the type of technologies available to communicate to the population. This framework is relevant for understanding how one should asses a new technology from a safety point of view. One of the challenges for the new alarming service is the composition of a short message to alarm the population via their mobile phone, which is complete, relevant and correct for situation. This is new field which is recently being explored. We explain amongst others how the not yet known disaster is dominant for the message content and explain how a message can be composed. Results from workshop with experts from the emergency rescue services are discussed. We rounds off arguing dilemmas in order to get to effective citizens’ alarming via the new service. 贝利又添毒奶杰作!本赛季英超揭幕战当天,贝利在个人推特转发英超官方的一条推特,预(du)言(nai)冠军将属于利物浦,还特别提到了2位巴西国脚菲尔米诺和阿里松。此言一出,克洛普抖三抖!球王您不仅毒害我红军,还连带同胞兄弟。 今年3月4日红军名宿达格利什生日当天,贝利再次发布个人推特和微博,祝其生日快乐同时还不忘提到利物浦,认为红军会夺得英超冠军。 事实证明,利物浦非但没能一圆英超冠军梦,还成为了史上最悲惨的英超亚军。而从其发布社交的时间节点看,贝利于4日深夜23:58和5日凌晨发布了微博和推特,前一天利物浦刚刚在默西赛德郡德比与埃弗顿0-0闷平,正是这场平局让他们在争冠处于劣势,也是红军本赛季最后次在联赛中失分,并最终与冠军擦肩而过。 翻看贝利的预测,黑暗史数不胜数!98年世界杯预测西班牙夺冠热门,02年世界杯预测国足小组出线和看好阿根廷和法国(小组淘汰),10年世界杯预测巴西(8强出局),16年里约奥运会女排决赛预测塞尔维亚胜(中国女排夺金),18年世界杯又看好巴西...... 但乌鸦嘴也有应验的时候,贝利也曾在10年世界杯命中西班牙夺冠。但每件事情都是两面,纵观球王的预测史,毒奶界的奥斯卡还得授予这位老人家。 Hawthorn Trees - Crataegus Crataegus trees, also known as Hawthron trees, are widely planted for their delightful flowers which are often scented and appear in spring. The flowers are double or single and range from white to pink to red; they smother the branches and add a real burst of floral interest to your garden. The leaves of this species vary in shape and size, but most have lobed leaves and come from thorny branches. One of the most distinctive features of this species comes with the fruits - named ‘haws’ - and these are small, often rounded, and contain several seeds inside. The fruits can be utilised in cooking and can be made into a jelly or a home-made wine. If left on the tree, the fruits will be enjoyed by the birds; this also plays an important role with ecology as the birds disperse the seeds. You can plant Hawthorn trees in full sun or partial shade positions and they can tolerate a range of conditions including exposed sites and salt-laden air. These trees make great specimens due to their attractive flowers and bright autumn leaf colour, but they also work well as security trees due to their spiny branches. Crataegus - Hawthorn Trees Home & Garden > Plants > Trees 据美国太空网克日报道,股票投资工作美国国度航空航天局(NASA)正思考重返冥王星并逗留一段时刻,为此,该机构向美国西南钻研所(SwRI)提供扶助,请求其对也许的冥王星轨道航行
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omnivorous bird. Its food consists mainly of fruits and arthropods, and it can sometimes be seen attending mixed-species feeding flocks and moving through the bushes with many other birds. It has been observed to squabble with a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) in the undergrowth over food flushed by an army ant column, but this was during the dry season when fruits are scarce. It builds an open-cup nest, sometimes right on the forest floor, sometimes more than 20 meters high in a tree, but usually 4–5 meters above ground. In the yungas of NW Argentina, nesting occurred in the wet season from October to March, with most birds breeding in November–December. The three, sometimes two eggs measure about 27-28 by 20 mm, and weigh c.5.7-5.9 grams each. They are incubated for about 12–13 days, and young take about that long again untlil they fledge. Incubation is solely by the female, which spends considerable time on the nest. The nestlings are attended by both parents however; as the young near fledging, they are fed every 5–7 minutes or so on average. Predation may be a major cause of brood failure; in the Southern Andean yungas it was noted to be especially high during the nestling time and far less significant during incubation. This common and wide-ranging species is not considered threatened by the IUCN. Rufous-bellied Thrush at Birdworld, Farnham - BirdLife International (2012). "Turdus rufiventris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013. - Sick et al. (1997): p.705 - Sick et al. (1997): p.701 - Machado (1999), Olson & Alvarenga (2006) - de Lyra-Neves et al. (2007) - Auer et al. (2007) - BLI (2008) - Auer, Sonya K.; Bassar, Ronald D.; Fontaine, Joseph J. & Martin, Thomas E. (2007): Breeding biology of passerines in a subtropical montane forest in Northwestern Argentina. The Condor 109(2): 321-333 [English with Spanish abstract]. DOI:10.1650/0010-5422(2007)109[321:BBOPIA]2.0.CO;2 PDF fulltext - de Lyra-Neves, Rachel M.; Oliveira, Maria A.B.; Telino-Júnior,Wallace R. & dos Santos, Ednilza M. (2007): Comportamentos interespecíficos entre Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil [Interspecific behaviour between Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Callitrichidae, Primates) and some birds of the Atlantic forest, Pernanbuco State, Brazil]. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 24(3): 709–716 [Portuguese with English abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0101-81752007000300022 PDF fulltext. - Machado, C.G. (1999): A composição dos bandos mistos de aves na Mata Atlântica da Serra de Paranapiacaba, no sudeste brasileiro [Mixed flocks of birds in Atlantic Rain Forest in Serra de Paranapiacaba, southeastern Brazil]. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 59(1): 75-85 [Portuguese with English abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0034-71081999000100010 PDF fulltext - Olson, Storrs L. & Alvarenga, Herculano M. F. (2006): An extraordinary feeding assemblage of birds at a termite swarm in the Serra da Mantiqueira, São Paulo, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 14(3): 297-299 [English with Portuguese abstract]. PDF fulltext - Sick, Helmut; Haffer, Jürgen; Alvarenga, Herculano F.; Pacheco, José Fernando & Barruel, Paul (1997): Ornitologia Brasileira ["Brazilian Ornithology"]. Editora Nova Fronteir, Rio de Janeiro [In Portuguese]. ISBN 85-209-0816-0 I vantaggi di un Master estendono oltre migliorare il vostro potenziale di guadagno. Essi possono fornire competenze personali e professionali per accelerare il vostro sviluppo. Essi sono anche l'occasione per differenziarsi dai vostri coetanei, molti dei quali hanno qualifiche A-level e di laurea simili. Guadagnare un grado avanzato, ad esempio un Master offre la possibilità di aumentare il vostro set di abilità e possibilmente migliorare le vostre probabilità di occupazione, allo stesso tempo. Master possono essere offerti on-line o part-time, così gli studenti possono proseguire la loro istruzione in un modo che è conveniente per loro. UK, Regno Unito è più di 300 anni e si articola in quattro nazioni costitutive: Inghilterra, Scozia, Galles e Irlanda del Nord. Il Regno Unito è stato un centro di apprendimento per gli ultimi 1000 anni e possiede molte università antiche e distinto. Gli studenti stranieri rappresentano una quota significativa del corpo studentesco nelle università del Regno Unito. Nottingham è nota per la leggenda di Robin Hood, due grandi teatri e numerosi musei e gallerie. E 'anche sede di due università che hanno più di 60 mila studenti, 12 mila dei quali sono internazionali. Cerca i Master negli Nottingham nel Regno Unito 2016/2017 Questo corso è rivolto a studenti che desiderano concentrarsi principalmente sul raggiungimento di un master post-laurea laurea livello di qualifica basata sulla ricerca. Con quasi il supporto e guida da accademici soggetto-specialistiche, gli studenti di solito condurre una ricerca approfondita in un aspetto scienza sociale della geografia. [+] Questo Master in Management è per voi se non è stato precedentemente studiato business e di gestione, ma sono desiderosi di acquisire le competenze necessarie per intraprendere una carriera nella gestione, sia che si tratti del pubblico, privato e non profit per i settori o speri di eseguire il in proprio. [+] Il corso si focalizza sulle criticità e principali sviluppi relativi alla gestione pubblica, come la leadership, la strategia, la gestione delle prestazioni e la gestione delle risorse umane. [+] Questo programma è offerto in collaborazione con la Scuola di Politica e Relazioni Internazionali, fornendo studio approfondito del diritto internazionale, la sicurezza e il terrorismo. [+] Per soddisfare l'esigenza di una formazione approfondita in questo settore, questo unico programma part-time offre un 'gold standard' per l'educazione in questo campo. [+] Questo corso è pensato per coloro che desiderano un pubblico qualificazione diritto internazionale generale, che può essere orientato verso un particolare interesse specialistico come la tutela ambientale, il commercio internazionale, o dei diritti umani. [+] Questo corso permette agli studenti di sviluppare una conoscenza approfondita in dei problemi affrontati, sviluppando gli stati nell'ordine internazionale. [+] Questo corso è per gli studenti che cercano una qualificazione ad ampia base nel diritto internazionale con le opzioni che coinvolgono ogni aspetto del diritto internazionale, siano essi pubblici o privati. [+] Il corso, che vanta all'avanguardia e opzioni innovativo modulo, espone gli studenti alle idee più interessanti e gli sviluppi nel diritto dei diritti umani. [+] Questo corso offre una prospettiva ampia sulla governance europea e il ruolo delle sue istituzioni nell'ordinamento giuridico globale. [+] Questo corso offre una panoramica della risposta giuridico internazionale alle sfide ambientali, dal riscaldamento globale, la distruzione dei siti di habitat vitali. [+] Questo corso consente di combinare tra una vasta gamma di scelte di modulo, al fine di adattare il vostro grado ai propri interessi personali. [+] Il programma MRes geografia (Sc) permette agli studenti di condurre una ricerca approfondita in una scienza, la scienza tecnologica o sociale focalizzata aspetto della geografia. [+] Aiutare gli studenti a sviluppare una conoscenza generale della materia, questo corso prevede un anno all'estero presso una delle 25 istituzioni straniere in luoghi come il Canada, Hong Kong e Australia. [+] Il corso si focalizza sulla progettazione delle aree urbane e delle città, che combina un design innovativo con le ultime ricerche. [+] Ci sono state volte in passato che le persone mi hanno chiesto se potevano stampare obiettivi e altri oggetti chiari con la loro stampante 3D alimentata a filamento. Ho sempre risposto che mentre puoi essere abbastanza chiaro, avrai sempre creste e linee di livello, anche internamente. Tomer Gluck e Tuval Ben Dosa sono qui per dimostrare quanto io sia incredibilmente sbagliato! Escludendo un po 'l'estrusione e assicurando che ogni strato sia completamente e completamente schiacciato a quello precedente, e utilizzando il 100% di riempimento, sono riusciti a stampare blocchi completamente trasparenti di ABS consentendo lenti e altri effetti interessanti. direttamente dalla stampante rispetto alla finitura finale Le stampe non si limitano a far scattare la stampante così bene. Arrivano con le tue aspettative più tipiche intatte, piene di linee di strato e di blob di estrusione. Tuttavia, alcune levigature e lucidature attente mostrano che le strutture interne possono essere otticamente trasparenti. Vai al loro blog per vedere quali impostazioni utilizzare e qual è il loro processo di lucidatura. Russian Soyuz Rockets Toward International Space Station Along with NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson, two Russian cosmonauts prepare to replace crew members of the ISS. The flight occurs just days before the space shuttle Discovery is scheduled for a 13-day mission to the ISS on April 5. NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Russian cosmonauts Alexander Skvortsov and Mikhail Kornienko are headed to the International Space Station aboard a Soyuz spacecraft. Liftoff occurred April 2 at 12:04 a.m. EDT from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. They are expected to reach the ISS April 4. The flight occurs just days before the space shuttle Discovery is scheduled for a 13-day mission to the ISS on April 5. Abroad the Soyuz are NASA astronaut Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Russian cosmonauts Alexander Skvortsov and Mikhail Kornienko. Aboard the orbiting laboratory, they will join Oleg Kotov, a Russian cosmonaut and station commander; T.J. Creamer, a NASA astronaut and flight engineer; and Soichi Noguchi, a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut and flight engineer. The expanded Expedition 23 crew will continue science investigations and support two space shuttle missions to the station. Kotov, Creamer and Noguchi reached the ISS on Dec. 21, 2009. They are scheduled to return to Earth on June 2. Before their departure, Kotov will hand over command of the station to Skvortsov for Expedition 24. In June, NASA astronauts Doug Wheelock and Shannon Walker and Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin will join Skvortsov, Caldwell Dyson and Kornienko in orbit to complete the Expedition 24 crew. Discovery will carry a multipurpose logistics module filled with science racks for the laboratories aboard the station. The mission has three planned spacewalks, with work to include replacing an ammonia tank assembly, retrieving a Japanese experiment from the station's exterior and switching out a rate gyro assembly on the S0 segment of the station's truss structure. STS-131 will be the 33rd shuttle mission to the station. 诺维茨基纪录片9月正式上映 纳什科比库班齐出镜 据《达拉斯晨间新闻》报道,一部关于小牛球星德克-诺维茨基的纪录片将于今年9月18日上映。该纪录片德语名称的意思就是《诺维茨基:完美投篮》。目前,球迷已经可以欣赏到该片的预告片。 这部纪录片主要讲述了诺维茨基是如何走出德国地区篮球联赛,成长为NBA总冠军的,这其中自然是少不了诺维茨基在启蒙教练格施温德指导下刻苦训练的场景。格施温德是1972年西德奥运男篮队的成员,目前是诺维茨基的私人教练,两人合作时间近20年,正是他在上世纪90年代彗眼识才发现了诺维茨基。后者于1998年选秀大会第9顺位被雄鹿选中,随后交易至小牛,于1998-1999的缩水赛季首次登上NBA赛场。 而根据IMDB网站提供的信息,诺维茨基并非本片唯一的大牌球星。在这部纪录片中,你还能看到科比-布莱恩特、史蒂夫-纳什等球星谈论这位2007年MVP,当然不能少的还有小牛老板马克-库班。此外,美国总统巴拉克-奥巴马、著名脱口秀主持人柯南-奥布莱恩、NBA前任总裁大卫-斯特恩、德国总理安格拉-默克尔都将出镜。 2011年总决赛,诺维茨基带领小牛击败拥有三巨头的热火,终圆总冠军梦。新赛季将是他效力NBA的第17个年头,其职业生涯场均贡献22.5分8.1篮板,12次入选全明星阵容。今夏,诺维茨基主动降薪,与小牛完成三年2500万美元的续约。 成都到福州物流专线公司 成都到云南运输物流公司 拉萨汽车托运 重庆到兰州大件运输物流专线公司 Filmografia di Helga Feddersen Germania, anni Cinquanta, la bellissima Lola, amante di un magnate dell'edilizia, seduce l'assessore all'urbanistica che vorrebbe dare un taglio alla corruzione. Il fantasma di un arciere verde, dice una leggenda, se ne va in giro per l'antico castello di Abel Bellamy. Dopo il ritrovamento di un uomo morto con una freccia conficcata nel corpo, l'ispettore Featherstone si introduce nel castello facendo credere di essere un maggiordomo. E scopre che nella dimora ci sono altri misteri. در حضور روسای جمهور ایران و جمهوری آذربایجان؛ تهران و باکو ۸ سند و یادداشت تفاهم همکاری امضا کردند چهارشنبه ۸ فروردين ۱۳۹۷ ساعت ۲۱:۲۶ جمهوری اسلامی ایران و جمهوری آذربایجان روز چهارشنبه و همزمان با سفر رسمی حجت الاسلام و المسلمین دکتر حسن روحانی به باکو، هشت سند و یادداشت تفاهم همکاری مشترک امضا کردند. این اسناد همکاری با هدف توسعه بیش از پیش روابط تهران و باکو، پس از مذاکرات فشرده روسای جمهوری دو کشور و در حضور آنان، به امضای مقامات عالی رتبه ایرانی و آذربایجانی رسید. برنامه اجرایی یادداشتتفاهم همکاری در زمینه زنان و خانواده، یادداشت تفاهمهمکاری در زمینه ورزش و جوانان، برنامه مبادلات فرهنگی میان ایران و جمهوری آذربایجان، یادداشت تفاهم همکاریهای بهداشتی و درمانی، یادداشت تفاهم همکاری در زمینه توسعه مشترک بلوکهای اکتشاف نفتی در دریای خزر، یادداشت تفاهم در زمینه تقویت همکاریهای صنعتی، یادداشت تفاهم همکاری اقتصادی و موافقتنامه سرمایهگذاری مشترک در احداث راه آهن رشت ـ آستارا، هشت سندی است که میان دو کشور به امضا رسید. منبع: پایگاه اطلاع رسانی ریاست جمهوری by Integrative Psychotherapeutic Counsellor, Deborah Spratling. I wonder what was the first thing you thought after asking yourself that question? Labels today come in many forms. In society, labels on clothing and footwear can say a lot about you. They can tell someone the type of music you like, the type of activities you like doing or the places you have been and are a way to start a conversation about shared interests. Or these labels may mean you are judged by another person in a negative way and they could take a dislike to you because you do not fit in with their group of friends or ‘tribe’. This goes back to caveman days when humans hunted in packs
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丽莎白非凡适应异常杀人狂的偏好:美丽,落单,必要钱,没有戒心,和亲朋没有固定合联,没有很强的造反材干。到底上,她的尸体被发觉时,她自己仍然失散了快要一周的岁月,然而没有人向警方报案。 她正在短暂的一世中,期间心愿成为人们注意的重心,盼望被爱,然而到底上没有任何人真正珍视她,连她失散都没人正在乎。 而正在谁人她终末闪现过的长途汽车站的行李寄存处,她的遗物里还是保存着记实未婚夫戈登物化的报纸,到死为止,她都无法从未婚夫的死中解脱出来。 她一世过得惨痛,很大水准是她本身性格的由来,但起码正在她心中某处,必然照样纯净而柔嫩的。 即使如斯,咱们也恐怕长久找不到凶手了:他应当仍然仙逝。咱们乃至无法臆想他究竟对伊丽莎白做了众少残忍的事宜,不晓畅她是不是活生生的蒙受熬煎,不晓畅正在她人命的终末期间,是思起了分开闾里时氛围中的气息,照样送别未婚夫时两人究竟不得不松开的手。 洛杉矶警高洁在案件产生后很长一段岁月内都正在持续跟进,乃至鄙弃运用硫喷妥钠(吐真剂)鞫问嫌疑人,但空手而回。跟着韶华推移,警方也以为凶手已死,遂弃捐了后续探问。这个案子也极有恐怕将长久成为悬案。 苹果秋季会议的第一届会议已经结束。没有iPhone12,许多人可能会觉得不舒服.AppleWatch和新iPadAir的定期更新在设计和性能上都不错,但价格似乎并不像预期的那样低,所以也许您认为熬夜只是那? 不用担心,今天会议的实际“ C职位”可能是A14。 由于今年iPhone的变化很小,苹果很少在iPadAir上发布A14Bionic A系列芯片。 新的SoC仍然是具有2个高性能内核和4个低性能内核的六核CPU.GPU也由4个内核组成,并且架构没有改变。神经网络(即NPU)的核心数量已翻倍,达到16个核心,每秒可完成110,000个神经网络操作,是之前数量的两倍。 A14也是世界上第一个5nm工艺,TSMC的5nm工艺有了很大改进,根据先前发布的数据,基于CortexA72内核的新型5nm芯片可提供比7nm(第一代DUV)高1.8倍的逻辑密度和速度提升)。速度提高15%或功耗降低30 %%。 制造过程完成,晶体管的数量可以增加到118亿,这无疑是目前的排名第一。A13晶体管的数量为85亿个,这是一个重大改进。在麒麟990系列中,SoC的最大数量是103亿个SoC,也是由于集成了基带。 苹果表示,A14的速度是最受欢迎的Windows笔记本的两倍,是最快的Android平板电脑的三倍,是最快的Chromebook的六倍。 在苹果的演示数据中,CPU速度增加了40%,图形速度增加了30%,但是应该注意的是,A12与上一代iPadAir相比,而不是去年的A13。与A12相比,A13的处理能力提高了约20%,经过简单的计算,A14的实际CPU增长约为16%,GPU为8%,这不仅小于A12的增长。去年,也是过去几年每年A系列的处理器,增幅最小。当然,高机率不如A12Z高,毕竟后者以4个高性能内核排在更高的位置,而A14只有2个高性能内核。 但是AI的性能没什么好说的,它直接翻了一番。当然,苹果也需要更好,更多的应用程序才能登陆。 当然,当您进行较小的改进时,您可能还会认为基础太强大了,A系列处理器的整体性能仍然令人发指,无论是高通,三星还是海思,与A的差距仍然很大-系列。晶体管的数量和制造工艺仍处于领先地位。 除了性能,我们还可以期待功耗;几乎可以肯定的是,今年iPhone的电池容量将比去年有所下降.5G电池续航时间可能是一个问题,因此,A14的性能相对保守。今年的新款iPadAir电池容量为28.6 Wh,而上一代为30.8 Wh,由于苹果承诺电池寿命将与上一代相同,因此我们暂时认为电池寿命会有所改善。 A系列芯片是过去苹果竞争力的核心,强大的性能确保您的iPhone和iPad在整个产品周期中都能平稳运行,几乎不需要考虑诸如交换卡之类的问题,这也是苹果合并的基石软件和硬件,以及生物识别保护功能都是通过它们实现的。 新iPadAir上的A14已经过测试,只需等待iPhone12,在此之前,A14的功能将有更多用途,例如B.在拍照,AR等方面,双重AI性能非常值得期待。今年应该有很多从iPhone12拍照的新方法。除了新增的雷达之外,A14的AI性能也是基础。 考虑到整体改进,A14实际上不是一种压碎牙膏,它可以提供的整体性能仍然是一流的。 苹果秋季会议的第一届会议已经结束。没有iPhone12,许多人可能会觉得不舒服.AppleWatch和新iPadAir的定期更新在设计和性能上都不错,但价格似乎并不像预期的那样低,所以也许您认为熬夜只是那? Anne Frank: The Diary Of A Young Girl Just as the Nazis occupied Holland in 1942, a Jewish family with a thirteen-year old girl fled home to go into hiding and succeeded in eluding the dreaded Gestapo for two years. The girl, Anne Frank, wrote her diary till the family were betrayed and caught. While Anne Frank, her mother and her sister eventually perished in captivity - in a concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen - her beloved father Otto Frank survived the Holocaust. Her Diary survived too, for the invading Gestapo thought the papers as a heap of 'scrap'. The edited version of the manuscript was published after the War. Since then it has been extensively filmed and widely translated. The diary contains Anne Frank's vivid impressions during the lengthy isolation and offers a fascinating insight into her bold personality. Here is a first hand account of an adolescent girl's spirited view of life. An absolute must for the first-timers, and a delightful re-reading pleasure for the rest. 原文作者: Dennis D.McDonald 原文出处:www.ddmcd.com 译者:陈嘉育 授权方式:CC-BY-NC (知识共享-署名-非商业 国际4.0) 从Alisha Green 的《开放数据是公共记录的新表述》一文中,我们看到“开放数据”一词的定义是怎样不断演化的。Green 认为,开放数据在逻辑上是公众获取公共记录之权利的延伸,并使用了大量笔墨来论述这点,其论述的核心之一便是政府应“主动行动”而非“被动响应”: 开放数据是政府主动地将政府信息公布在网络上,它将技术进步带来的机会揉入传统的公共记录中。开放数据要求信息的主动披露,与公共记录依申请公开的系统正相反。科技使“主动行动”成为了可能:在线发布信息变得愈发容易——人们早就在线上寻找信息了。 上述语句作为理想政策的一种表述是没有大碍的,但深究起来仍有不少问题,比如: “主动行动”在实践操作中具体包括哪些要求? 开放数据发挥实际作用需要哪些产品或服务配套? 提供可下载文件及常用格式是否足够了? 是否需要为深度技术用户提供API 支持,以便他们开发可以再销售的特别工具或增值产品? 作为具有数据库和内容管理经验的项目经理,我想从实际发展为主导的视角探索这些问题,即不光考虑公共政策产生的益处,还考虑成本和效率的问题。 打个比方说,如果我们需要把统一数据提供给多个不同群组,是否可以用一个支持系统和数据库管理系统解决所有的支持问题呢?鉴于跨组织的标准数据与标准流程过于复杂,我们是否需要开发并维护多个系统?或者,治理结构和政府资金是否允许我们迈向通用平台? 我们若想在开放数据上变得主动,这些都是需要考虑的实际问题。让数据变得易于获得往往需要相当可观的成本。这不可避免地产生了如何筹措资金覆盖这些成本的问题。如同 Alex Howard 在《开放数据:就 APIs 和开放政府的辩论》一文中所指出的一样,在美国政府机构间,尚未就如何为某项数据服务增收费用达成一致的综合协定。 尽管这样,我很乐于讨论最近浮现的类似话题。将开放有关政府服务的数据所需的资源考虑进来,至少能够引起我们对资源管理效率与有效性的关注。这讨将会是一个有价值的讨论,它帮助我们判断什么才是真正更有意义的做法: 在旧有系统的基础上继续开发,以提供开放可获得的数据?或者 开发新的——并且希望是更有效的——系统来提供开放访问? 不得不说,第一个选项的完成难度太高,使得第二个选项似乎更可行。在一个传统系统里,硬件设备迟早无法满足不断膨胀的技术与社会需要。有时,我们需要果敢地抛弃老系统,重新搭建与现有基础设施关联不大的系统。 Da martedì 3 agosto scatta il cosiddetto 'semestre bianco', vale a dire gli ultimi sei mesi di mandato del presidente della Repubblica, durante i quali non può sciogliere le Camere in anticipo rispetto alla scadenza naturale. A meno che il periodo non coincida con la fine della legislatura, circostanza che non riguarda l'attuale capo dello Stato, Sergio Mattarella. Negli ultimi 6 mesi del suo mandato il presidente della Repubblica non può sciogliere le Camere. La norma, contenuta nell'articolo 88 della Costituzione, recita infatti: "Il Presidente della Repubblica può, sentiti i loro Presidenti, sciogliere le Camere o anche una sola di esse. Non può esercitare tale facoltà -sottolinea il secondo comma- negli ultimi sei mesi del suo mandato, salvo che essi coincidano in tutto o in parte con gli ultimi sei mesi della legislatura". La disposizione venne inserita nella Carta dai costituenti e inizialmente prevedeva lo stop alla fine anticipata della legislatura tout court. Fu una successiva modifica approvata nel 1991 ad introdurre la deroga in caso di coincidenza tra conclusione del settennato e della legislatura. Il semestre bianco per il presidente Mattarella scatta dal 3 agosto 2021, fino alla scadenza naturale del suo mandato settennale e cioè gennaio 2022. Fu il deputato del Pci Renzo Laconi, durante l'esame dell'articolo che assegnava al presidente della Repubblica il potere di scioglimento delle Camere, a proporre l'emendamento, poi approvato il 24 ottobre del 1947, che introdusse il cosiddetto semestre bianco. "E' stata approvata la disposizione -spiegò Laconi- che in caso di scioglimento delle Camere, i poteri del Presidente sono automaticamente prorogati. Se noi a questo punto non stabilissimo un certo limite nella facoltà del presidente, riguardo allo scioglimento delle Camere, il presidente della Repubblica avrebbe la possibilità di fare un piccolo colpo di Stato legale, e cioè potrebbe sciogliere le Camere per avere prorogati i poteri e avvalersi di questo potere prorogato per influenzare le nuove elezioni". "Se domani il presidente della Repubblica -ribadì Laconi- allo scadere del suo mandato, si trovasse con due Camere le quali in modo evidente non gli fossero favorevoli, egli potrebbe benissimo sciogliere le Camere e prorogare i suoi poteri per avere nuove Camere che potrebbero essere a lui più favorevoli". A completare la disposizione contenuta nell'articolo 88, intervenne poi la legge costituzionale del 4 novembre 1991, nata su iniziativa del deputato socialista Silvano Labriola e sottoscritta anche da Giuliano Amato e Franco Bassanini. La proposta, presentata a febbraio e approvata nel giro di pochissimi mesi, nasceva per far fronte al cosiddetto 'ingorgo istituzionale', mai verificatosi nella storia repubblicana, vale a dire la coincidenza della fine del mandato di Francesco Cossiga, che sarebbe terminato il 3 luglio del 1992, con la conclusione della legislatura, prevista il primo luglio dello stesso anno. "Gli inconvenienti dell'ingorgo sono palesi -spiegava Labriola- da un lato esso non consente di sciogliere le Camere prima della loro scadenza, neppure delle poche settimane necessarie a celebrare le elezioni nella usuale stagione primaverile", proprio a causa del 'semestre bianco'; "dall'altro esso comporta che il Capo dello Stato sia addirittura prorogato sino ad oltre l'entrata in funzione delle nuove Camere, che, a norma dell'articolo 61" della Costituzione, "scavalcherebbe inevitabilmente l'agosto". Va infatti ricordato che l'articolo 85 della Costituzione, al quale fecero riferimento sia Laconi che Labriola, mettendo in luce tuttavia problematiche diverse, prevede che "se le Camere sono sciolte, o manca meno di tre mesi alla loro cessazione" l'elezione del Capo dello Stato "ha luogo entro quindici giorni dalla riunione delle Camere nuove. Nel frattempo sono prorogati i poteri del Presidente in carica". Una volta approvata la modifica costituzionale del 1991, effettivamente si crearono in varie occasioni le premesse tecniche e politiche perché si arrivasse ad uno scioglimento anticipato durante il semestre bianco. Fu proprio Cossiga il primo ad applicare la norma, quando sciolse le Camere il 2 febbraio del 1992, spiegando che le Assemblee parlamentari "avevano ormai, con tutta evidenza, esaurito una ordinaria capacità di legiferare". Altri due presidenti della Repubblica si trovarono alle prese con la coincidenza di semestre bianco e scadenza naturale delle Camere. Così Carlo Azeglio Ciampi l'11 febbraio 2006 decretò con qualche settimana di anticipo la fine "di una legislatura giunta sostanzialmente alla sua scadenza naturale". Stessa scelta compiuta da Giorgio Napolitano il 22 dicembre 2012, una volta accertato che erano venuti meni i presupposti politico-parlamentari per il prosieguo dell'attività del Governo Monti. Il presidente della Repubblica Antonio Segni, nel primo messaggio inviato da un capo dello Stato al Parlamento, il 16 settembre 1963, a 15 anni dall'entrata in vigore della Costituzione volle metterne in luce "qualche manchevolezza" da "eliminare con sollecitudine per gli inconvenienti che ne derivano". Il riferimento era a questioni relative alla Corte costituzionale e al mandato del presidente della Repubblica e, per quest'ultimo aspetto, proprio al tema del semestre bianco che l'allora capo dello Stato inevitabilmente legava alla questione della rieleggibilità. E' stato l'attale inquilino del Quirinale a tornare sul tema il 3 febbraio scorso, quando ha richiamato quelle parole di Segni in occasione del 130esimo anniversario della sua nascita. Quel messaggio alle Camere, ha ricordato Mattarella, rappresentò "l’occasione per esprimere la convinzione che fosse opportuno introdurre in Costituzione il principio della 'non immediata rieleggibilità' del Presidente della Repubblica. In quell’occasione Segni definiva 'il periodo di sette anni sufficiente a garantire una continuità nell’azione dello Stato'. Inoltre –aggiungeva- 'la proposta modificazione vale anche ad eliminare qualunque, sia pure ingiusto, sospetto che qualche atto del Capo dello Stato sia compiuto al fine di favorirne la rielezione'". "Di qui l’affermazione -notava ancora Mattarella- che 'una volta disposta la non rieleggibilità del Presidente, si potrà anche abrogare la disposizione dell’articolo 88 comma 2 della Costituzione, che toglie al Presidente il potere di sciogliere il Parlamento negli ultimi mesi del suo mandato'". "Una disposizione - ha concluso Mattarella - che -a giudizio del Presidente Segni- 'altera il difficile e delicato equilibrio tra poteri dello Stato e può far scattare la sospensione del potere di scioglimento delle Camere in un momento politico tale da determinare gravi effetti'". "Il semestre bianco è un istituto anac
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: «ما یک رویکرد کیفیت را برای اوراق قرضه با مقداری قرار گرفتن در معرض غیر AAA بر اساس ریسک پذیری توصیه می کنیم. طلا، بهترین عملکرد طبقه دارایی در 10 ماه اول سال 2022 طلا به عنوان یک طبقه دارایی، از 24 فوریه 22 به دلیل بحران ژئوپلیتیک غالب، افزایش انتظارات تورمی و افزایش قیمت نفت و کالاها، از نوسانات بالا در بازار سهام بهره مند شده است. این تحولات کلان عملکرد حقوق صاحبان سهام را به عنوان یک طبقه دارایی محدود میکند و احتمالاً تنها پس از تثبیت نوسانات در سطح پایینتر برای مدت طولانیتری، جهت روشنی ظاهر میشود. تا آن زمان، طلا همچنان نسبت به سایر طبقات دارایی برتری خواهد داشت. در این گزارش آمده است، زیرا ریسک کاهش سرعت بر بازار ایالات متحده افزایش مییابد که ناشی از انتظارات افزایش نرخ بهره است.» Axis Securities بیان میکند که بر اساس توسعه اقتصاد کلان فعلی، طلا تا زمانی که ابهامات در مورد بحران روسیه اوکراین از بین نرود و به جذب سرمایهگذاریها به عنوان پوششی اثبات شده در برابر سایر طبقات دارایی ادامه دهد، به عنوان طبقه دارایی ترجیحی ادامه خواهد داد. در ادامه این بیانیه آمده است: «ما به موضع خنثی خود در قبال طلا ادامه میدهیم و استراتژی «خرید روی کاهش» را توصیه میکنیم. ارز، روپیه عملکرد نسبتا خوبی دارد در حالی که در این گزارش اشاره شده است که نوسانات ارز هند در اکتبر 2022 ادامه داشته است که منجر به تقویت دلار می شود. علاوه بر این، در هفته اول 22 نوامبر، فدرال رزرو ایالات متحده نرخ را 75 واحد در ثانیه افزایش داد (بر روی خط مورد انتظار)، اما لحن کلی این بود که فضای بیشتری برای تقویت دلار در آینده ایجاد می کند. از ژانویه 2022، ارز هند عملکرد خوبی داشته است و در برابر سایر ارزهای بازارهای نوظهور چین، لهستان و مجارستان پایدار بوده است. این در درجه اول به دلیل ذخیره ارز خارجی بالاتر، چشم انداز رشد قوی و ثبات اقتصاد کلان بود. From very early ages, children notice differences in race and other aspects of identity. As they get older, they experience and notice the role of race and identity in society. Naturally, questions and discussions about race and identity come up in the classroom. To support teachers in addressing these questions, we are working with educators and families to define instruction on race and identity in our schools. In January and February 2018, over 200 family members, staff and students gave input at community meetings, and a few schools piloted race and identity instruction in the 2018-19 school year. This year, we are working to develop a systemwide approach to instruction on race and identity, starting with our pilot schools: Hazel Valley, Marvista, McMicken Heights, and Mount View elementary schools. At these schools, staff work together to support their own learning first and then work with students, guided by content in the Social Justice Standards from Teaching Tolerance. Join us for a race and identity stakeholder input session. Participants will learn about the work to date and contribute community voice to the work moving forward. The meeting will be open-house style; participants can drop by for any portion of the session that is convenient. Interpretation services will be provided. Wednesday, October 30, 5:30-7:30 p.m. Central Office Board Room Eritre’den, Etiyopya’dan, Sudan’dan, Somali, Gana, Liberya ve talan edilmiş Afrika kıtasının dört bir yanından göçmenler... Simsarlar hepsini toplayıp, denize açılmaya elverişli olmayan gemilere bindiriyor ve denizin derinliklerine gönderiyorlar. “Ani bir hastalık sonucu yolculardan iki kişi öldü. Yedinci güne kadar cesetleri güvertede kaldı. Yedinci günün akşamı motorun çalışacağına ve yardımın geleceğine dair ümitler kaybolunca onları suya attılar. Ertesi sabah cesetleri geminin etrafında yüzüyordu. Fırtına bulutları bir kez daha gemiyi kuşatmış, dalgalar bir saat boyunca acımasızca geminin gövdesini dövmüştü. Yağmur durmadan, dinlenmeden yağıyordu. Delik tekrar açılmış, Maluk’un tüm çabasına rağmen sular şiddetle içeri dolmaya başlamıştı. Geminin batmasından dört gün önce yani on sekizinci günde yolcular birer birer açlık ve susuzluğun kurbanı olmaya başladılar. Güneşin batmasından sabahın alaca karanlığına kadar yirmi kişi can çekişip günün doğmasıyla birlikte de ruhlarını teslim ettiler.” Ebubekir Hamit Kehhal: Eritreli hikâye yazarı. Libya’da ikamet ediyor. Uzun yıllar “Eritre Özgürlük Cephesi” üyesi olarak görev yaptı. Etiyopya ihtilâlına karşı özgürlük savaşına katıldı. İki hikâyesi var: “Silah Kokusu” ve “ Berkantiya: Bilge Kadının Toprağı” 南宫烈欲出口的话,在她愤怒的目光下,渐渐滚落喉间。 他倏尔无奈失笑,伸出手要抚下她的长发,却被夏蓝一巴掌拍了开,“少套近乎!” “好吧,”他耸了耸肩,坦白道,“老实说,我... 不再显示订阅提醒,自动订阅下一章 Most people who live in Kentucky have probably heard about whiplash. Sometimes this condition is the subject of jokes, but the reality is that it is far from a joking matter as the pain and physical limitations associated with a whiplash injury can have a bit impact on a person’s daily life. As indicated by the Mayo Clinic, a motor vehicle accident in which a person is hit from behind is the most common scenario from which whiplash occurs. It is common for some people to recover from a whiplash experience fully, but it is also possible for someone to be left with long-term, chronic pain or other symptoms after experiencing a whiplash event. Many people think that when they have whiplash, they have a sprain in their neck, but WebMD indicates that this is not the case. A sprain results when the ligaments that hold bones together are torn. In whiplash, the ligaments are not affected. Instead, whiplash involves the tendons that hold muscles to the bones or the muscles themselves. One or both of these things are strained, not sprained, in a whiplash injury. Some symptoms of whiplash may not be things that one might automatically associate with a neck injury. These include numbness or tingling that is felt through the arms, fatigue or even the feeling of being dizzy. Other, more recognizable symptoms include a reduced ability to move the neck to one or both sides as well as pain, slight tenderness or stiffness through the neck area. ekşi sözlük kullanıcılarıyla mesajlaşmak ve yazdıkları entry'leri takip etmek için giriş yapmalısın. hesabın var mı? giriş yap arka sokaklar s06e23 - 45 bölüm izle 1 ay bekle, nasıl dayanacağız bilmiyorum. en iyisi spoiler manyağı olmadan kitaplarını bitirmek bir an önce. ilber ortaylı'nın nevşin mengü'yü fırçalaması - fırçalama değil, düzeltmedir. nevşin'i de dezenformasyon konusunda kibarca uyarmıştır. programı baştan sona izledim. öncelikle "almanya tarihinden ders almış bir ülkedir" diyenler 90'larda yakılan türk evlerini hatırlasın. gelelim konuya. türkiye'deki çerkeslerin dilinin yaşaması devletten önce, çerkeslerin sorumluluğunda diyor adam ki haklı. söylediği şey mantıklı, daha çocukluktan ana dilini öğretemezsen yeni jenerasyona, dilin tabii ki kaybolur. nevşin'in iddia ettiği gibi asimilasyon ciddi bir konudur. sistemli bir çabadır. türkiye'nin ise çerkes kültürünü asimile etmek gibi bir davranışı yok. korumak için de yok. nötr. bugünden bakarak geçmişi değerlendiremezsin. mesela bak bugün nasıl ki almanya'daki türkler kendi dillerini koruyor, türkiye'deki ermeniler ermeni okullarında çocuklarına dillerini öğretiyor. tamam maarif kanunu var. tamam ermeniler lozan'daki azınlık maddelerinden faydalanıyor. ama türkiye cumhuriyeti vatandaşı çerkes kökenli birinin vakıf kurma ve meb'e bağlı bir okul açmasına engel var mı? yok. bu okulda seçmeli ders olarak çerkesçe okutulabilir mi? https://www.cerkes.org.tr/...i-ders-olarak-okutulacak okutulabilir. yine meb'e bağlı okul bünyesinde bir dil kursu (ingilizce kursu gibi) açılabilir mi? kanunen bunda da bir sıkıntı yok. mevzu tamamen bütçe ve birilerinin elini taşın altına koymasıyla ilgili. ilber'in söylediği çok basit, sen önce kendi kültürüne değer vereceksin. sen yaşatmak için çabalayacasın. bu senin sorumluluğun. nevşin'e almanya örneğini vermesinin sebebi de siz kendi suçunuzu hafifletmek için "ama türkler de asimilasyoncu, ama fransızlar da şöyle, ama bulgarlar da böyle" diye dezenformasyon yapıyorsunuz, buna dikkat edin diye uyarıyor. not: nevşin daha ilk dakikada "yörükler de asimile oldu mesela" diyerek kullandığı kavramlardan ne kadar bihaber olduğunu gösteriyor. eski sevgilinin attığı mesaja alternatif cevaplar - gelen: -kalbimi çok kırdın,seni affetmeyeceğim.. cevap: -kırılmamıştır o çıkmıştır,kırılsaydı yerinde duramazdın.. a milli futbol takımının yenebileceği takım - (bkz: metonya) terraforming mars - adından da anlaşıldığı üzere marsı terraform etmenizi sağlayan board game. oksijen, sıcaklık gibi etkenleri yaşanabilecek düzeye getirmeye çalışıyorsunuz. venüs expansionu ile birlikte buna venüs de ekleniyor. kart çeşitliliği çok fazla olduğu için oynadıkça sıradanlaşıp sıkmıyor aksine her oynayışınızda farklı bir stratejiyi denemek istiyorsunuz. oynanılan kişi sayısına ve oyun bilgisine göre 1.5-3 saat arası sürüyor. deepwater horizon - abd tarihinin en büyük petrol felaketini anlatan film. --- spoiler --- felaketin oluşmasına birbiri ardına gelen 9 kritik ihmal yol açmıştı. 1- kuyuda kaliteli çimentolama operasyonu yapılamamıştı. çimento, formasyondaki gaz ve petrolün kuyuya akmasını engelleyen bir bariyer görevi görür. çimentonun kalitesiz olmasındaki en büyük neden, muhafaza borularının merkezlenmesini sağlayan centralizer aletlerinin yeteri kadar kullanılmamasıydı. 2- çimentolama sonrası işlemin kalitesini gösteren çimento kaydı alınmamıştı. bp, alelacele sondajı bitirip bir sonraki lokasyona gitmek istiyordu. bu yüzden bu kritik işlemi atlamıştı. 3- muhafaza borularının ucunda yer alan tek yönlü valf çalışmamıştı. kuyuya indirilmeden önce bu aletin fonksiyon testi yapılmalıydı. çimentonun kötü olması ve bu valfin çalışmaması sonucu formasyondaki gaz ve petrol kuyuya girdi. 4- kuyunun dengede olup olmadığını anlamaya yarayan basınç testi çalışanlar tarafından yanlış yorumlandı. kuyu öldürme hattı tıkalı olduğundan test sağlıklı yorumlanamadı. 5- bp, kuyudaki ağır sondaj çamurunu hafif deniz suyuyla değiştirdi. bu, formasyondan gelen gaz üzerinde kontrolün kaybedilmesine yol açtı. 6- formasyondan gelen gaz platforma 40 dakikada ulaştı. bu süre boyunca kuyuya gaz girişi olduğu çalışanlar tarafından fark edilemedi. 7- gaz ve petrol platforma ulaştığında tahliye hattına yönlendirilemedi. gaz büyük bir basınçla çalışanların bulunduğu platformu vurdu ve büyük bir yangın tehlikesi ortaya çıkardı. 8- kuledeki yangın söndürme sistemi çalışmadı. 9- kuyudaki yüksek basınçtan dolayı sondaj boruları eğilmişti. bu yüzden emniyet vanaları görevlerini yerine getiremedi. yukarıdaki 9 ihmalden birinin bile farkına varılsa böyle bir felaket ortaya çıkmayabilirdi ve 11 can kaybı yaşanmazdı. ihmallerin bir çoğu bp'nin mevcut kuyuyu alelacele bitirip bir sonraki lokasyona geçmek istemesinden kaynaklandı. bu da operasyonların temel güvenlik prosedürleri yerine getirilmeden riskli bir biçimde yapılmasına neden oldu. --- spoiler --- dahi olduğun için senden bir çocuk istiyorum - dahi anlamındaki çocuk ayrı istenir. bi öğrenemediniz şunu!!1 debe edit: (bkz: 17 aralık 2013 ihale ve rüşvet operasyonu) 1. yıl dönümü butlu olsun! özgüvensizlik göstergesi hareketler - özgüvensizlik göstergesi hareketleri okuyup acaba bende de var mı demek. halay çeken cin görüntüleri - en azından ülkede eğlenenler var. apple airpods - başörtüsü ile birlikte birçok sınav için harika kombin yapılabilecek alet. los pollos hermanos - meth ettikleri kadar iyi olmayan firma. bal porsuğu - haplanıp gaspa çıkan hayvan. alayına gider yapar. racon değil kafa keser. asayiş bozma temelli bir hayat. 2 tıp fakültesi öğrencisinin atatürk'e hakareti - hacettepe tıp fakültesinden olan ve atatürk'ün cumhuriyeti muhafaza için görevlendirdiği kişiler olması gereken bu insanların yaptığını sözlükte teşhir etmek istedim. 'saygı gösterin' adı altında kendi kutsallarına laf ettirmeyen, edenleri linç eden bu kesimin ülkenin en önemli dokunulmazına bu şekilde dil uzatmasının cezalandırılması için lütfen sözlükteki arkadaşlar gerekini yapsın ve hukuk mücadelesini başlatsın. http://i.imgur.com/4ilzvox.jpg Berkeley’de bulunan California Üniversitesi’nde antropoloji profesörü ola- rak; Ortadoğu Araştırmaları Merkezi, Güney Asya Araştırmaları Enstitüsü ve Eleştirel Teori Programı’nda çalıştı. Akademik çalışmaları, Orta Doğu ve Güney Asya’daki Müslüman toplumlara odaklanarak antropoloji ve siyaset teorisindeki tartışmaları etkiledi. Talal Asad’ın çalışmalarından etkilenerek toplumsal cinsiyet, dini siyaset, laiklik ve Ortadoğu’daki Müslüman ve gayri- müslim ilişkileri konularında eleştirel yazılar yazdı. Aralarında Judith Butler ve Talal Asad gibi yazarların da bulunduğu “Eleştiri Seküler mi?” kitabına katkıda bulundu. Fettine di pollo ripieno così sottili e perfette da sembrare un dipinto. La richiesta del bis sarà assicurato! Tempo di preparazione 3 ore e mezzo Ingredienti – Dose per 5-6 persone INGREDIENTI PETTI DI POLLO - 2 petti di pollo kg 1, 200 - Prezzemolo una manciatina - 2 fette sottili di prosciutto cotto - Una frittata media (fatta con prezzemolo tritato) per farcire due petti di pollo dividete la frittata a metà. - 5-6 cucchiai di olio evo - Uno spicchio di aglio - Brodo vegetale q.b. o in alternativa potete utilizzare mezzo dado vegetale - sale fino aromatizzato q.b. - Vino bianco fermo q.b. INGREDIENTI FRITTATA - 2 uova - Parmigiano reggiano q.b. - Prezzemolo una manciatina INGREDIENTI BRODO VEGETALE - una carota - una zucchina - un gambo di sedano - mezza cipolla - prezzemolo - patata - un goccio di olio evo PREPARAZIONE BRODO VEGETALE 1 Lavate bene le verdure, fate a pezzetti la cipolla, aggiungete un goccio di olio evo. 2 Mettetele all’interno di una pentola e fatele cuocere fino a quando le verdure non risulteranno morbide. 3 Quando le verdure saranno cotte levatele dalla pentola e utilizzate il brodo. PREPARAZIONE POLLO RIPIENO 1 Aprite il petto di pollo a libro con un coltello, levate le parti con il grasso e lavatelo. 2 Prendete un piatto, sbattete le uova con il formaggio con una forchetta per alcuni minuti, poi aggiungete il sale e il prezzemolo che avrete lavato in precedenza. 3
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Parliamentary Debates, 1st session of 20 October 2004. Ferdinando Targetti, “Due anni di politica economica”, Il Mulino. Rivista bimestrale di politica et di cultura, 2, March-April 2003, 283-94. Isaac Martin, The Permanent Tax Revolt. How the Property Tax Transformed American Politics (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008). This position was reaffirmed in decision number 2010-99 QPC, from 11 February 2011 (consulted online on the website of the Constitutional Court, 22 November 2012). For example, Jean-Pierre Brard, a member of parliament with Communist affiliations, stated that according to the Tax Board, the number of those subject to the ISF and choosing to relocate for financial reasons remained insignificant (National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 19 October 2004, 3rd session). Céline Barthon, L’île de Ré (Plomelin: Éditions Palantines, 2005). Annie Collovald, Brigitte Gaïti, “Des causes qui ‘parlent’”, Politix, 4(16), 1991, 7-22. Cf. François Malye, “Enquête sur les millionnaires de l’île de Ré”, Le Point, 8 September 2005. “Ré, île de millionnaires sans le sou”, Libération, 5 April 2005. “Impôt non exonéré d’effets pervers”, L’Expansion, 28 September 2005. TF1 news show hosted by Jean-Pierre Pernault, 3 May 2005, 1:17pm (INA Archives). Le Point, 8 September 2005. C dans l’air, 22 September 2005, 6:33pm (INA Archives). According to narrative theory, the coda is the retrospective evaluation – or moral – of the story which allows the reader to move from the narrative “there and then” to the “here and now” of the present moment. See Jérôme Bruner, Pourquoi nous racontons-nous des histoires? Le récit au fondement de la culture et de l’identité individuelle (Paris: Retz, 2002), 33. On a tout essayé, France 2, 24 March 2005, 7:11pm (INA Archives). Pierre Bourdieu, Langage et pouvoir symbolique (Paris: Seuil, 2001), 210. Joseph Gusfield, La culture des problèmes publics. L’alcool au volant: la production d’un ordre symbolique (Paris: Economica, 2009 [1st American edition: 1981]). David A. Rochefort, Richard W. Cobb, The Politics of Problem Definition. Shaping the Policy Agenda (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1994). National Assembly, proposal for law number 2268 concerning the suppression of primary residences from the ISF’s purview, lodged 14 April 2005. Tino Sanandaji, Björn Wallace, “Fiscal illusion and fiscal obfuscation: an empirical study of tax perception in Sweden”, IFN Working Paper, 837, 2010. Speech by Dominique Tian, UMP MP from Bouches-du-Rhône, National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 19 October 2005, 2nd session. Speech by François Guillaume, UMP MP from Meurthe-et-Moselle, National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 19 October 2005, 2nd session. He cited a study done by the Institut CSA without giving an exact reference, cf. National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 16 November 2005, 2nd session. National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 16 November 2005, 2nd session. National Assembly, Parliamentary Debates, 16 November 2005, 2nd session. Speech given by Nicolas Sarkozy at the Porte de Versailles, 14 January 2007. According to the poll conducted by TNS Sofres-Fondation Jean Jaurès-Le Nouvel Obs from 29 March 2007, 60% of those polled said they were in favour of the tax shield being lowered to 50% (53% of left-wing voters and 76% of right-wing voters). On the use of polls, see Érik Neveu, “Les politiques de communication sous la présidence de Nicolas Sarkozy”, in Jacques de Maillard, Yves Surel (eds), Les politiques publiques sous Sarkozy (Paris: Presses de Sciences Po, 2012), 47-69. Larry Bartels, Unequal Democracy. The Political Economy of the New Gilded Age (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008). Interview with a top-ranking civil servant with the General Directorate of Public Finances (tax division). By comparison, the study of taxpayer behaviour has been a fairly developed field in the United States for several decades now. One of the subject’s leading specialists is the economist Joel Slemrod, who edited Why People Pay Taxes. Tax Compliance and Enforcement (Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1992) and Behavioral Public Finance (New York, Russell Sage Foundation, 2006). The Office of Tax Policy Research at the Michigan Ross School of Business (Slemrod is its director) officially aims to produce and disseminate expertise for political leaders, administrations and companies. Éric Woerth’s interview in Le Monde, 25 July 2007. Here, the issue with the tax shield can be linked to the practice of “non-recourse” observed in relation to social security. In particular, see Philippe Warin, “Non-demand for social rights: a new challenge for social action in France”, Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, 20(1), 2012, 41-53. Interview with a high-ranking official in the General Directorate of Public Finances (tax division). This argument came out of the interviews conducted by two journalists with several different members of parliament who were specialists on economic and financial issues: Thomas Bronnec, Laurent Farques, Bercy, au cœur du pouvoir. Enquête sur le ministère des Finances (Paris: Denoël, 2011). “Bouclier fiscal: les bénéficiaires n’auront bientôt plus à réclamer leur dû au fisc”, Le Figaro, 29 August 2008. “Sarkozy sermonne Lagarde”, L’Express, 11 September 2008. Interview with a high-ranking official in the General Directorate of Public Finances (tax division). Philippe Bezes, Alexandre Siné (eds), Gouverner (par) les finances publiques (Paris: Presses de Sciences Po, 2011). Nicolas Delalande, Alexis Spire, Histoire sociale de l’impôt (Paris: La Découverte, 2010). Katia Weidenfeld, À l’ombre des niches fiscales (Paris: Economica, 2011). Article 1 stipulates that “direct taxes paid by a taxpayer cannot be more than 50% of his income”. Speech given by Christine Lagarde, Minister of the Economy, Finances and Employment in the Senate, 25 July 2007. Online Alexis Spire, Faibles et puissants face à l’impôt (Paris: Liber/Raisons d’agir, 2012). Online Interview with a high-ranking official in the General Directorate of Public Finances (tax division). Cf. Pierre Bourdieu, “La force du droit”, Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales, 64, 1986, 3-19. Monica Prasad, Yingying Deng, “Taxation and the worlds of welfare”, Socioeconomic Review, 7(3), 2009, 431-57. Olivier Morlighem, “L’agriculteur de l’île de Ré et le bouclier fiscal”, La Tribune, 31 March 2006. “The tax shield can lead, in certain cases, to a situation where those liable, perhaps after having reorganised their assets and income, are de facto exempted from not only the ISF, but also other direct taxes like property and local taxes. If new levies on wealth were to be introduced, the question of the tax shield’s level should be posed” (“Le patrimoine des ménages”, Report issued by the Conseil des prélèvements obligatoires, March 2009, 273). Luc Boltanski, Élisabeth Claverie, Nicolas Offenstadt, Stéphane Van Damme (eds), Scandales, affaires et grandes causes. De Socrate à Pinochet (Paris: Stock, 2007). Martin Gilens, Affluence & Influence. Economic Inequality and Political Power in America (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012). Jakob Hacker, Paul Pierson, “Abandoning the middle: the Bush tax cuts and the limits of democratic control”, Perspectives on Politics, 3(1), 2005, 33-53. The survey titled “Perception des inégalités et sentiment de justice” (Perceptions of inequality and feelings of fairness) conducted in fall 2009 showed that 65% of those polled felt that those with high incomes should be taxed at a higher rate. See Michel Forsé, Olivier Galland (eds), Les Français face aux inégalités et à la justice sociale (Paris: Armand Colin, 2011). We would like to thank Philippe Bezes, Lucas Guffanti and the participants of the general seminar held by Sciences Po’s Centre d’études européennes on 12 June 2012, as well as the journal’s anonymous readers for their comments on previous versions of this article. Splenda Contaminates 65% of Breastmilk Sampled, Gov. Study FindsA concerning new study finds that most of the breast milk samples tested contained artificial sweeteners. Why has this never been discovered until now and what are the implications to our most vulnerable populations? This groundbreaking study has found for the first time that sucralose and acesulfame-potassium survive maternal metabolism and enter into breast milk in the majority of the breast milk samples tested (65%). As is the case for many chemicals released into the human food supply, adequate proof of the safety of these compounds in infants is not only not available, but unethical to perform in human subjects. This new study will represent something of a litmus test as far as determining how effectively the media will keep this information buried or will report accurately on it once it is released. Given the high gravitas government source of the research, and the profound implications it has to the health of our most susceptible population: newborns and infants, if it goes un- or under-reported it is our job to make sure it gets widespread exposure. Therefore please share this information and relevant links above with relevant parties and stakeholders who should be aware of the true dangers associated with the use of artificial sweeteners. Shooting Stars Quadrantids All shooting star fans may look forward to a long night at the beginning of the year: In the early morning hours of the 4th of January the Quadrantids reach their maximum! Along with the Perseids, the Leonids and the Geminids, they belong to the four most active shooting star showers. Up to 200 shooting stars per hour illuminate the night sky. Every year between the first and fifth of January the meteors emerge from the constellation Bootes. That's why the shooting stars are also known as "Bootids". For observation it is best to leave the city and go to a place with low lights. Pay attention to the weather forecasts for your location, because clouds could prevent the view on the shooting stars. The year 2017 arrives and we humans are still in charge. Whew! The machines haven't taken over yet, but they are gaining on us. Google's DeepMind AlphaGo computer program recently beat the world champ at Go, a complex board game, while Japanese researchers plan to build the world's fastest supercomputer for use on artificial intelligence projects. It will do 130 quadrillion calculations per second, which is, um, really, really fast. Ask Siri for details. She can explain it better than we can. The essence of artificial intelligence is massive, intuitive computing power: machines so smart that they can learn and become even smarter. If that sounds creepy, you are overthinking the concept. The machines are becoming quicker and more nimble, not sentient. There is no impending threat to humanity from computers that become bored and plot our doom. HAL, the computer villain from "2001: A Space Odyssey," is fictional. Yet ... advances in the field of artificial intelligence occur at such a breakout pace they are redefining the relationship between man and machine. Computer scientist David Gelernter says the coming of computers with true humanlike reasoning remains decades in the future, but when the moment of "artificial general intelligence" arrives, the pause will be brief. Once artificial minds achieve the equivalence of the average human IQ of 100, the next step will be machines with an IQ of 500, and then 5,000. "We don't have the vaguest idea what an IQ of 5,000 would mean," Gelernter wrote in The Wall Street Journal. OK, that's a little bit creepy. A basic test of AI tolerance is your opinion of the self-driving car, which belonged to the sci-fi future a decade ago. Today you can hail one in Pittsburgh. Driverless vehicles rely in part on a form of artificial intelligence known as deep learning — algorithms that can make complex decisions in real-time based on accrued experience. Ford wants to have an autonomous truck on the roads by 2020. The great promise is that robot drivers will never make dumb mistakes at the wheel or fail a Breathalyzer test. But they could render obsolete entire professions: long-distance trucker, for example, or cabbie. Experts hoping to illustrate the potential of artificial intelligence without frightening people conjure the image of the know-it-all yet obsequious digital assistant. It will know where to buy the perfect gift, based on algorithms that understand the latest trends and your family's preferences. And oh, it noticed that you're walking funny. Is your back acting up again? At the hospital, it will analyze an MRI better than doctors can. As the election results rolled in last night, it became increasingly clear that America -- and the world -- would never be the same. By Vivek Wadhwa Nov 09, 2016 | 1:48 PM The frontiers are limitless: analyzing stocks, managing energy use, discovering new drugs. "I think we're going to need artificial assistance to make the breakthroughs that society wants," Demis Hassabis, DeepMind's CEO, told Wired magazine. "Climate, economics, disease — they're just tremendously complicated interacting systems. It's just hard for humans to analyze all that data and make sense of it." You may already have benefited from artificial intelligence without realizing it. Several months ago, Google Translate upgraded to what it calls the Google Neural Machine Translation system. The program relies on a brainlike computational network that sifts through its database to arrive at a logical, nuanced meaning for any sentence in just about any language. Fighting Words Newsletter Receive the Chicago Tribune's latest editorials, commentaries and columns, delivered to your email box twice a week. Here is the old Google Translate struggling to turn a Japanese sentence of a Hemingway line back into English: "Whether the leopard had what the demand at that altitude, there is no that nobody explained." And the new Google Translate, firing its electronic neurons: "No one has ever explained what leopard wanted at that altitude." Missing an article ("the"), but otherwise perfect. Writing about Google Translate and Hemingway in a New York Times magazine article titled "The great AI awakening," journalist Gideon Lewis-Kraus pondered the significance of a machine that masters human language: It could be "the major inflection point" in the development of "true artificial intelligence." Be awed, but not afraid. Technically, computers may outthink us, but humans will always have the edge because we are more creative. After all, we built the machines. 我家有许多迷:家务迷、足球迷、二胡迷和读书迷。我姐姐是一个读书迷。 古人说:“书中自有黄金屋,书中自有颜如玉。”我的姐姐明白了这一点。她在我们玩耍时看书,她在我们喝水时看书,她还在我们睡觉时看书...... 她的课外时间都花在看书上。她有个属于自己的书柜,一有空,她便坐在书柜下看个够。她把书分得有条有序,古文、诗词放在一起,名著、作文选放在一起,其余的书放在其他空格子上。她说:“这样找才容易,也节省时间。”精彩内容,尽在百度攻略:http://gl.baidu.com 记得有一次,她看书看迷了竟忘了回家。她在我表妹家看一本《UFO未解之迷》,她妈妈叫她回家了,她还在聚精会神的看书。她家离我妹家很近,所以她妈妈叫了她三次,她都草草回答“知道了”等过了几分种她妈妈回家了,她还在入神地看,我和妹妹几次叫她回家,她都好像没听见似的,继续读
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.W. (1947). Scientific Management. New York: Harper and Row. - Ritzer, G. (1993). The McDonaldization of Society. London: Sage. - Angell, I.O.; Ilharco, F.M. (2004). "Solution is the Problem: A story of transitions and opportunities". The Social Study of Information and Communication Technology: Innovation, actors, contexts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 38–61. - Weick, K.E. (1985). "Cosmos vs Chaos: Sense and nonsense in electronic contexts". Organizational Dynamics. 14: 50–64. - King, B. (2005). "Accenture attempts to revive the bank branch - again". Financial Times. FT Digital Business. - Danica, K. (17 Apr 2013). "Tesco will pull out of U.S., sell Fresh & Easy". USA Today. Associated Press. Retrieved 24 Oct 2014. - Sullivan, J. (12 Sep 2013). "Why did Tesco fail in the U.S.?". CBS Moneywatch. CBS News. Missing or empty - Morris, R. (17 Apr 2013). "Fresh & Easy failure: Can UK firms make it in the US?". BBC News. Retrieved 24 Oct 2014. - "Xerox - The Benchmarking Story". ICMRIndia. IBS Center for Management Research. 2010. Retrieved 30 Oct 2010. جان کری وزیر خارجه آمریکا روز سه شنبه جایزه "زنان شجاع" وزارت خارجه را به ۱۴ زن از سراسر جهان تقدیم کرد که برای برابری جنسیتی، حقوق بشر، صلح و توانمندسازی زنان تلاش کرده اند. جایزه امسال به زنانی از یمن، روسیه، عراق، چین و شماری دیگر از کشورها اهدا شد. آقای کری گفت "ما خشونت علیه زنان و به حاشیه راندن آنها را نمی پذیریم. ما ازدواج اجباری دختران، ازدواج در سنین پایین، و فروش آنها در سوریه و عراق را تحمل نمی کنیم. ما دنیایی را که دختران از تحصیل و خدمات درمانی محروم باشند و زنان در آن ناقص سازی جنسی شوند، نمی پذیریم." وزیر خارجه آمریکا افزود "ما به آنهایی که ریشه این رفتارهای خشونت آمیز با زنان را در سنت و (در نتیجه) گریزناپذیر می بینند، با قاطعیت می گویم که چنین رویکردی از اساس اشتباه است و ما وظیفه خود می دانیم که این رفتارها را متوقف کنیم." جایزه "زنان شجاع" در سال ۲۰۱۰ میلادی به شادی صدر، حقوقدان و فعال حقوق بشر ایرانی، اهدا شد. خانم صدر البته برای دریافت آن جایزه به واشنگتن نیامد و جایزه خود را به شیوا نظر آهاری، از مؤسسان کمیته گزارشگران حقوق بشر، اهدا کرد. Why von Maedler? Johann Heinrich von Maedler (May 29, 1794 – March 14, 1874) was a German astronomer. von Maedler is without doubt, one of the great and eminent astronomers of the 19th century. The craters Maedler on the Moon and on Mars are both named in his honour. It is a little known fact that in an article published on February 25 1839, in a German newspaper called the Vossische Zeitung, von Maedler coined the word “photography” – well before Sir John Herschel famously gave his lecture to the Royal Society of London thus introducing the word “photography” to the whole world. von Maedler based the word “photography” on the Greek words “photos” meaning “light” and “graphé” meaning “representation by means of lines” or “drawing” – translating, essentially as “drawing with light”. So there you have it, photography really began with von Maedler. به گزارش وب سایت عصر مواد، اردشیر سعدمحمدی مدیر عامل شرکت ملی صنایع مس ایران در شماره ۴۹۲۹ روزنامه دنیای اقتصاد (چاپ ۹۹/۶/۱۸) نوشت: بر پایه نظرات و پیش بینی های کارشناسان حوزه اقتصادی و تحلیلگران بینالمللی، آینده صنعت مس به دلیل نقش استراتژیکی که در حوزه توسعه و پیریزی اقتصاد سبز دارد و همچنین دارا بودن روند افزایشی تقاضا به عنوان مهم ترین عامل برای تداوم یک صنعت، درخشان است. نبود جایگزین مناسب برای مس، افزایش مصرف کشورهای دنیا به ویژه چین، آمریکا و آلمان (مصرف بیش از ۶۰ درصد مس دنیا)، استراتژی اقتصادهای بزرگ دنیا به ویژه کشورهای چین و آمریکا مبنی بر بازسازی زیرساخت ها و تقویت عوامل بنیادی از جمله مصارف الکتریکال، فرودگاه ها، صنایع هوایی و فضایی، حرکت دنیا به سمت پیریزی اقتصاد سبز و به تبع آن تولید خودروهای برقی و کشف ذخایر جدید مس در دنیا از مهم ترین عوامل بنیادی برای ترسیم چشم اندازی سودآور در صنایع مس دنیا در آینده کوتاه مدت و میان مدت است. در حقیقت، به خاطر همین عوامل است که اتحادیه اروپا در بخش صنعت و معدن استراتژی برای سرمایه گذاری های سودآور طی ۱۰ سال آینده تدوین کرده است که در آن ۲۰ عنصر و ماده جهت سرمایه گذاری مشخص و اولویت بندی کرده و خوشبختانه در این استراتژی مس جزو یکی از پرسودترین عناصر است؛ چرا که تا سال ۲۰۳۰ در حدود، ۵٫۲ میلیون تن به تقاضای جهانی مس افزوده خواهد شد. افزون بر این عوامل، بررسی صورت های مالی شرکت های بزرگ معدنی دنیا در دو سال گذشته نشان دهنده آن است که ۹۹ درصد شرکت های معدنی تولید کننده مس سودآوری داشته و این نشان دهنده این واقعیت است که هیچ صنعت استراتژیکی مانند مس سوددهی مطمئن برای سرمایهگذاری را ندارد. نگاهی کلی به همه این عوامل نشان دهنده بیرقیب بودن صنعت مس برای سرمایهگذاری است. در این راستا، شرکت ملی صنایع مس ایران به عنوان بزرگ ترین و تنها متولی تولید مس در طول ۱۴ سالی که وارد بازار سرمایه ایران شده است به یکی از پربازده ترین صنایع بورسی تبدیل شده است، به طوری که طی این بازه زمانی بازدهی مثبت ۱۶۰۷ درصد برای سهامدارانش داشته است. در حال حاضر ارزش سهام مس در بازار بیش از ۳۳۸ هزار میلیارد تومان رسیده است که در مقایسه با سال گذشته ارزش آن ۴ برابر شده است و استقبال فعالان بازار سرمایه از سهام مس نشان دهنده اطمینان خاطر سهامداران از آینده روشن این صنعت بزرگ و سودآور است که با تعریف طرح های توسعه همپای اقتصاد جهانی به دنبال کسب سهم بیشتری از تولید جهانی مس است. با عنایت به این موضوع، شرکت مس با تعریف بیش از ۱۸ طرح توسعه ای اهداف بزرگی را در افق ۱۴۰۲ دنبال می کند و با دانش تخصصی که در برخی از حوزه های مختلف همچون تغلیظ کسب کرده است، به راحتی میتواند ظرف ۴ سال آینده تولید خود را افزایش چشمگیری دهد. خبر خوب برای سهامداران مس در کوتاه مدت وارد شدن دو طرح درآلو و دره زار به چرخه تولید صنعت مس است که حداقل ۵ هزار میلیارد تومان به درآمد شرکت مس می افزاید. در پایان باید به این نکته مهم اشاره کنم که امروز شرکت مس در حوزه اقتصادی نقش حیاتی را دنبال می کند و در برنامه ریزی های کلان به عنوان پیشران موتور اقتصادی کشور مطرح شده است. از این رو متولیان صنعت مس به عنوان سربازان و خادمان این نظام، تمام تلاش خود را برای ثبت بهترین عملکرد تولیدی، فروش و توسعه در سال جهش تولید و سال های آینده خواهند داشت تا با تحقق برنامه های توسعه ای در صنعتی سودآور و اشتغال زا گام های بزرگی را برای اعتلای کشور عزیزمان ایران برداریم. Kruskal-Wallis test does not assume a normal distribution of residuals since it is a non-parametric method unlike in parametric one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) wherein the assumption ofnormality or equality of variance are met. This non-parametric test is used when the data have kindependent samples in order to decide if the samples come from a distinct population or if at least one sample comes from a different population as regard to the position parameters. H is the test statistic of Kruskall-Wallis test. This value is evaluated to the table of critical values for U based on the sample size of each group. If the results shows that H exceeds the critical value at some significance level (usually 0.05) it indicates that there is a proof to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis. When rejecting the null hypothesis, then at least one of sample is stochastically dominates to the other sample. Some assumptions to be consider when using this test are; whensystematic variable used for ranking is continuous, each of the k samples arerandomly selected from the populations it represents and areindependent samples, the probability distributions underlying the sample areidentical in their shape and at least eachindependent sample has a size of 5 or more. Authority, Concept of AUTHORITY, CONCEPT OF AUTHORITY, CONCEPT OF. From the Latin auctoritas, the term "authority" was first applied to the Roman emperors, indicating that the emperor not only had political dominion but was also perfect in his person in every respect and deserved obedience and imitation for that reason. In the medieval and early modern eras it had the meaning of identifying men who had predominance in the different areas of human society and were to be esteemed and complied with. In politics it was applied to the Holy Roman emperor; in religion, to the pope; in the family, to the father. All drew on the authority of God over creation. In the areas of culture and learning it referred to those men from the ancient world who were regarded as models in the scholarly disciplines and the arts. Authority was deemed necessary for a well-ordered society, and challenges to authority in any sphere were met with fierce resistance. Authority could be and usually was delegated or transferred. In the Middle Ages the title of emperor (from Latin imperator ) held the sense of 'possessing universal authority', but whether that meant dominion over the entire world or just over Christendom was much debated. The emperor delegated a portion of his plenitudo potestatis ('fullness of power') to kings and princes to help him fulfill his duties of safeguarding the Catholic faith and maintaining peace and stability. When Charlemagne was crowned emperor of the West in 800, he was seen as the direct successor to the authority of the Roman emperors. The Holy Roman Empire thus created eventually became associated with Germany, and by 1500 the term "Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" indicated the limited extent of the emperor's jurisdiction. With their greater historical awareness, the Italian humanists recognized that the Roman Empire had ceased to exist with the Germanic invasions, and they discarded the Holy Roman emperor's universalist pretensions. The kings of Europe also rejected them, following the lead of the French monarchs, who soon after 1300 were claiming to be "emperor in his own realm." Under Charles V (ruled 1519–1556) with his vast ranges of domains, the emperor's universalist claims were briefly resurrected, but by 1600 it was clear that political authority was held by a broad range of rulers of whom the emperor was only one, ruling lands in Central Europe. Although in parts of Europe, especially France with its Salic law (which restricted royal succession to males), the argument that women should not exercise political authority prevailed, blood right usually trumped gender rules, and early modern Europe had several female rulers who exercised plenitudo potestatis. The papacy claimed authority in respect to religion. Christ had given the keys to the kingdom of heaven to St. Peter (Matthew 16: 18–19), and the popes, his successors as bishop of Rome, held them absolutely. The pope delegated authority to administer the local churches to the bishops, although he did not necessarily choose them, and he empowered the theologians to interpret doctrine. Whether the pope had supremacy over the emperor or had coequal authority with him was a major point of contention throughout the Middle Ages. The papacy's victory over the emperor in the thirteenth century was undercut both by the rise of the national kingdoms and by the crisis in the papacy itself called the Great Schism (1378–1417). When the rival popes proved incapable of solving the split in the church, it was proposed that the general council was superior to the papacy and had the power to impose a solution. The Council of Constance in 1417 successfully ended the Great Schism, but the restored papacy prevailed over the theory of conciliarism (which held that the council had authority over the church) in the century between Constance and the beginning of the Reformation. Martin Luther (1483–1546) appealed to a free general council presided over by the emperor to settle the issues he had raised, but the papacy succeeded in preventing the meeting of a council that it did not control. The challenge to papal authority posed by Luther and by Protestantism in general, however, went far beyond embracing conciliarism. Only the Bible, sola scriptura, could serve as authority in religion. The papacy, the councils, the right to interpret doctrine delegated to the Scholastic theologians, were human traditions that had no basis in Scripture. Every individual human was capable of understanding Scripture if it was read with an open mind and a pure heart. The Catholic Church responded largely through the Council of Trent (1545–1563), which reaffirmed the traditional structure of authority in religion. The wielders of imperial and papal authority were always males. Their authority was often seen as analogous to or based upon the power of the father in the family. The father or the head of the household had authority over his wife, children, servants, and employees; they were expected to obey, honor, and submit to him. The exact nature of patriarchal authority was vigorously debated, but all agreed that the duty of the father, and secondarily of the mother, was first of all to teach children the true faith, how to be productive, thrifty, and cooperative, and to submit to higher authority. Also debated was whether a widow could serve as the head of the household after her husband died. The argument that such authority was exclusively male was undercut by the practice of allowing widows in most of Europe to manage their households, including their sons until they married and formed their own households. AUTHORITY IN CULTURE Authority in the scholarly disciplines and the arts was different from political, religious, and familial authority in that it was not seen as based on divine and natural law. Certain ancients had reached the pinnacle of knowledge and expertise, and all that remained for those who followed was to understand and imitate their achievements. Plato and Aristotle both had that status in philosophy, creating tension between Platonists and Aristotelians. Other examples included Cicero for rhetoric, Virgil for epic poetry, Euclid for geometry, Galen for medicine, Ptolemy for astronomy, and Justinian's Corpus juris civilis for law. In art, however, there were rather few examples of ancient art to serve as models, and the names of the artists were largely unknown. The sixteenth century also saw many of these authorities come under attack. Petrus Ramus (1515–1572), for example, sought to displace Aristotle as the philosophical authority, while Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543) and Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) more successfully undermined Ptolemy's authority in astronomy, beginning the early modern intellectual revolution. Allan, George. The Importances of the Past: A Meditation on the Authority of Tradition. Albany, N.Y., 1986. Evans, G. R. Problems of Authority in the Reformation Debates. Cambridge, U.K., and New York, 1992. Griffiths, Paul, et al., eds. The Experience of Authority in Early Modern England. New York
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被告人Xiao Li、何勇生、郑旭华心不在焉辩解,心不在焉在内什么都可以表现。 表现 被告人Xiao Li、何勇生、郑旭华心不在焉到法庭插脚打官司。,作为保持表现、大规模的颁发专业合格证书的利益。经审察,法院证实实行者在内的表持续存在意见不同。、法律上的义务与资料检索能力,它可以作为评议探察现实性的根底。。 学会决定 经审讯决定的,2012年9月27日,实行者农商倾斜飞行华林小分支(存款人)与被告人Xiao Li(专款人)、郑旭华(保证人)签字了最大批准存款和约:Hualin扩大某人的兴趣存款函(2012)第三千一百四十七,在议定书中拟定从2012年9月27日开端至2015年9月26日。,由存款人在出色的存款留存下的人民币450万元内,地基专款人的不得不和存款人资产的能够供应,借钱给专款人;和谐的连续是决定最大秒数的和谐。,每笔存款的顶点失效日期不超过2015年9月26日;流动资产应用的范畴是流动资产、消耗;每笔存款的归纳、决意、条款、利钱率和还款方法鉴于;存款专款人作为本和约的组成部分,具有与本和约平行的法度效力;存款利钱率是月利钱率,漂利钱率,在基准利钱率的根底上漂55%。,每1000个给予帮助率;在基准利钱率调解的状况下,利钱率调解日期从下个月起调解。;存款迟到的,利钱是从迟到的存款的纤细的利钱率计算暴露的。,按和约利钱率加50%的利钱率,或按每日利钱率计息3/10000;专款人心不在焉克期发工资利钱。,利钱率是以利钱率为根底计算的。;专款人该当承当恳求者的批准工作。、管保、运费、评价、登记簿、管、评议、每费,如公证;本和约存款的批准方法为:,批准人愿用意借出人规则出色的归纳的沽出。,批准的债务基金出色的留存下的为人民币450万元;批准人增加以批准人的名让有价值的人或物。:无花果树屋保证权规则最大保证权;保证权的范畴包罗基本上的首要工作。、利钱、过期罚金、刑罚、损害赔偿和使掉转船头CLA所需的每费和宁静费、调解费、有价值的人或物保护费、恳求者费、差旅费、给予帮助费、评价费、甩卖费等。;专款人、什么都可以批准人解约,存款人有权中止还没有发行的存款发给。,提早撤回未成年人的存款。实行者农商倾斜飞行华林小分支与被告人郑旭华于2012年10月11日实施了保证登记簿手续,流露约会数额是出色的债务。实行者于2013年9月12日向被告人Xiao Li发给存款450万元,存款专款人表明专款利钱率为‰/月,还款日期是2014年9月11日。,还款的方法是按月的计息。,成年人的还款。存款发给后,被告人Xiao Li未能依约发工资利钱,利钱已于2014年6月20日成年人的。、人民币合计人民币,实行者关于这一点向法院做出计划上诉。,并已扩张恳求者代劳费人民币80089元。 也确定,被告人Xiao Li与被告人何勇生于2003年1月22日登记簿成家立室。 学会以为 学会以为,批准存款和约的加盖于依从的打官司当事人、意义表现真实,愿意的不犯法、行政规章法定条款,合法无效,每侧应按和约实行和约。。 实行者依约向被告人Xiao Li发给了专款450万元,实行和约工作。被告人Xiao Li未按和约商定发工资利钱,外形解约,实行者有权如和约商定提早撤回未成年人的存款。实行者求助被告人Xiao Li归还专款基金人民币450万元并发工资暂计至2014年6月20日止的利钱、人民币(远期利钱)、过期罚金、复利按和约规则发工资,直至PRIN发工资。,适合和约规则和法度规则的,屋子被鼓励着。。实行者为本案打官司扩张的恳求者代劳费80089元依约应由被告人Xiao Li承当,实行者的盘问权,屋子被鼓励着。。 地基《出色的人民法院发生着的致力于<中华人民共和国婚姻法>若干问题的解说(二)》第二份食物十四个条发生着的“借方就婚姻相干存续和谐夫妇独一以独特的名所负约会评议利益的,应按夫妇协同约会处置。只因为,夫妇可以颁发专业合格证书借方和约会人放弃斗争。,或许颁发专业合格证书第十九分之一条和第第三条的规则,持续存在表现未能颁发专业合格证书先行的的状况有不整齐。,故被告人何勇生应在夫妇协同有价值的人或物范畴内,对被告人Xiao Li的先行的约会承当协同归还指责。 地基批准存款的最大位置在议定书中拟定,被告人郑旭华以温泉的名规则有价值的人或物。:榕房权证R字第××号)为被告人Xiao Li的先行的约会设定保证批准,并已实施保证登记簿,合法无效的保证相干,被告人人郑旭华应承批准证存款批准指责,承当批准指责后,有权向被告人Xiao Li追偿。 被告人Xiao Li、何勇生、郑旭华被养老院依法估计。,法庭上心不在焉合法的说辞,法院依法受传唤时未出庭。地基和约法第二份食物百零五条规则的中华人民共和国、第二份食物百零六条、第二份食物百零七,中华人民共和国的有价值的人或物法一号百七十六篇、一号百九十五条,《中华人民共和国民事打官司法》一号百四十四个条、一号百五十二条规则,有罪判决如次: Students will examine the concept of a half as part of a whole, as well as examining symmetry. - sheet of paper folded in half - paint and paintbrushes - Fold a piece of paper in half. - Quickly paint a design on one half of the paper, using ample paint and ensuring the design is painted snug with the fold line. - Before paint dries, fold blank half of paper over painted half. Smooth over so that image is created on other half of paper. - Open folded paper and allow to dry. Students repeat this process. Rose cankers appear any time of year but especially when the plants are under stress. Three canker diseases (brown canker, stem or common canker, and brand canker) are common in Illinois and are generally confused with weather injury or other problems. Cane infections may approach 100 percent (all canes infected) where control measures are not practiced. Identifying particular canker species is not important, but it is important to identify a problem as a canker. The first symptoms are small, roundish lesions in the canes; the spots are pale yellow, reddish, or bluish purple. They gradually enlarge, turn brown or grayish white (often with a darker margin), and may partially or completely girdle the cane. Complete girdling results in dieback or poor growth of the plant parts above the affected areas. Cankered areas are sprinkled with black, speck-sized, fungus-fruiting bodies. When left unchecked, infections may spread downward into the crown, causing entire rose plants to wilt, wither, and die. Infection occurs chiefly through a wide variety of wounds, including thorn abrasions. Infections may also occur on the leaves and flowers. Management of rose cankers starts with good sanitation. Prune the canes now and in early spring according to the type and cultivar grown. For example, it is important to leave shrub rose stems intact as long as possible, deferring pruning until spring. Remove and burn or haul away with the trash all infected, dead, and weak parts of canes, as well as infected leaves, flowers, buds, and hips. When pruning cankerous stems, cut back to a strongly growing shoot or branch at least 2 to 3 inches below any sign of infection. Some suggest that pruners be disinfected between cuts, but that can be quite time consuming and possibly unnecessary. Prune in dry weather and disinfect pruners at least between plants. Use sharp tools to make clean, slanting pruning cuts no more than 1/4 inch above a node. New plants should be only top-quality, disease-free plants from a reputable nursery. The plants should be free of cane bruises or colored spots. Bargain roses are often infected when purchased. Maintain plants in high vigor by proper planting, spacing, fertilizing, watering, winter protection, and thorough spraying with fungicides. Start as the buds break open in the spring and continue at 7- to 10-day intervals into September or early October. The fungicides that control black spot usually control cankers as well, so no additional spraying is required. Adding a spreader–sticker material to the spray helps wet the canes for better protection. Consult Report on Plant Disease, no. 626, “Rose Cane Cankers,” for details. This report is available in Extension offices or on the Vista Web site, accessible through the Plant Clinic site, http://plantclinic.cropsci.uiuc.edu/. Across the midwest United States, you may find a bright green tree with lacy panicles of creamy white flowers. The catalpa is native to parts of North America and frequently grows in hot dry soils. What is a catalpa tree? It is a softly rounded tree with lovely flowers and interesting pod-like fruit. The plant has an interesting use for fishermen and is an important tree for land reclamation. Try growing a catalpa tree in your yard and admire the attractive leaves and showy spring showers of white flowers. What is a Catalpa Tree? Catalpa trees are 40 to 70 feet (12 to 21.5 m.) tall trees with arching canopies and an average lifespan of 60 years. The deciduous plants are hardy to USDA planting zones 4 to 8 and can tolerate moist soils but are more suited to dry areas. The tree’s leaves are arrow-shaped and glossy bright green. In fall they turn a bright yellow-green before dropping as cold temperatures and chilly winds arrive. Flowers appear in spring and last into early summer. The fruit is a long bean-shaped pod, 8 to 20 inches (20.5 to 51 cm.) long. The tree is useful as a shade tree, along streets and in dry, hard-to-plant sites. However, the pods can become a litter problem. How to Grow a Catalpa Tree Catalpa trees are quite adaptable to different soil conditions. They perform well in both full sun to partial shade locations. Growing catalpa trees is easy but they have the tendency to naturalize in areas where the tree isn’t native. This potentially invasive potential is more common in border states around the plant’s natural range. Trees may start from dropped seed but this is easily avoided by raking up the dropped seed pods. The tree is regularly planted to attract catalpa worms, which fishermen freeze and use to attract fish. The ease of catalpa tree care and its rapid growth make it ideal for areas where a quickly maturing tree line is desired. Catalpa Tree Planting Choose a bright sunny location for growing Catalpa trees. Ideally, the soil should be moist and rich, although the plant can tolerate dry and inhospitable sites. Dig a hole twice as deep and twice as wide as the root ball. Fluff out the roots to the edges of the hole and fill in around them with well worked soil. Use a stake on young trees to ensure straight growth. Water the plant well and every week until it has established. Once the tree has rooted, water is only needed in periods of extreme drought. Catalpa Tree Care Young trees should be pruned to encourage good growth. Prune in spring one year after planting. Remove suckers and train the tree to a straight leader trunk. Once the tree is mature, it is necessary to prune it to keep low growing branches from impeding maintenance under the plant. These are tough trees and don’t require much babying. Fertilize in spring with a balanced fertilizer to promote health. Watch for insects and other pests, and avoid overhead watering which can cause mildew and fungal problems. for Treatment (800) 429-7690 Amphetamine was first created in 1887, and ever since, this class of drugs has had a wide variety of uses in the field of medicine. Today, they're mainly prescribed as a way to help treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Unfortunately, amphetamines and methamphetamines are also frequently abused. Amphetamines and methamphetamines have similar effects and can be injected, swallowed, or snorted. The drug's effect on the central nervous system causes a sense of energy and well-being, but emaciation, psychosis, organ failure, and death are all possible consequences of amphetamine abuse. Statistics about these drugs and their effects can help drug users realize the risks of their behavior. - Amphetamines are the second most commonly abused drugs by individuals between 15 to 64 years old. - In 2001, the average per capita use per 100,000 people was 1,060 grams of amphetamine. - In North America alone, as many as 3,200,000 people used amphetamines in 2008. - Only 0.2-0.3% of Americans use methamphetamine on a monthly basis, and the rates of amphetamine use have steadily declined over the past few years. - A 2008 survey showed that central nervous system stimulants, including amphetamines, were the most commonly prescribed prescription drugs for young people between 12 and 19 years of age. - In 2005, 9% of drug-related emergency room admissions were due to amphetamines. - While only 3% of students at a midwestern college were legally prescribed ADHD medication, a survey showed that 13.7% admitted to using the drugs. What to Do About Amphetamine Abuse: Statistics Can Help There are very real risks that accompany the abuse of an amphetamine. Statistics help raise awareness about the issue, but they can also help on a more personal level. Individuals who suffer from addiction may not be fully aware of the danger of their actions. Amphetamines induce a high and a sense of improved mental function, and this pleasant feeling makes it easier for the user to ignore any negative effects from the amphetamine. Statistics bring facts squarely back to the forefront of the conversation and can help an addict realize their need for treatment. If you or a loved one need help to get sober, BetterAddictionCare's 100% confidential services are available to you. Easily search our nationwide recovery network for the ideal rehab facility with our pre-screening assessment. Facility admissions are immediate and supervised by highly trained staff, and our client care team can coordinate any transportation and public or private insurance requirements. We can also help you speak with a counselor, learn more about addiction counseling, and find professional addiction recovery facilities near you. Don't be included in future statistics on victims of amphetamine abuse. Call today or fill out our contact form and start healing. به گزارش گروه اقتصادی باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان، محمد علی حسن زاده معاون سازمان بنادر گفت: قبل از این که معاون اول رئیس جمهور، وزارت صمت و دیگر دستگاههای متولی به مسئله انباشت کالا و مدت ماندگاری آن در بنادر توجه ویژه کنند، نسبت انبارش یا ورود کالاهای اساسی در بندر امام خمینی (به عنوان مهمترین بندر برای واردات کالاهای اساسی) به خروج آنها ۲ به یک بود. یعنی اگر ۲ واحد کالا در روز وارد بندر امام خمینی میشد، یک واحد از آن خارج میشد.
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kinase (CPK). It is an enzyme found predominantly in the heart tissue, brain and skeletal muscle. The CK blood test is commonly used to diagnose the existence of heart muscle damage. The CK blood test result shows an increase above normal in a person's blood test about six hours after the start of a heart attack. It reaches its peak in about 18 hours and returns to normal in 24 to 36 hours. When the total CPK level is substantially elevated, then it is indicative of injury or stress to heart, brain or skeletal areas. The small amount of CPK that is normally in the blood comes from the muscles. The CPK blood test also helps in cost-effective management of people with suspected coronary atherosclerosis. It also evaluates the extent of muscle damage caused by drugs, trauma or immobility. Abnormal CK-MB (one of three CK isoenzymes) or troponin levels are associated with Myocyte Necrosis and the diagnosis of Myocardial infarction. The Cardiac Markers of Cardiac Myocyte Necrosis (damage to the Cardiac muscle cells), myoglobin, CK, CK-MB and troponin I and T are primarily used to identify acute Myocardial Infarction. It is used in early detection of dermatomyositis and polymyositis. It is also used to distinguish malignant hyperthermia from a post operative infection. It helps to discover carriers of muscular dystrophy. The normal range for Creatinine Kinase (CK or CPK) blood test: Male: 38 - 174 units/L Female: 96 - 140 units/L Increased levels of CK also can be found in viral myositis and hypothyroidism. Higher than normal CPK levels is indicative of the following conditions: - Heart attack - Delirium Tremens - Electric shock - Muscular dystrophy - Pulmonary infarction Serum CKMB levels are tested to check for myocardial injury. It is another important cardiac marker. The primary source of CKMB is myocardium although it is also found in skeletal muscle. Typically CKMB tests have now been replaced by Troponin test. But in cases of abnormal Troponin assay results or suspected re-infarction in the hospital, the CKMB serum test is still used. High levels of CK MB are noticed in cases of polymyositis and rhabdomyolysis. Patients suffering pulmonary embolism, hypothyroidism, and muscular dystrophy or carbon monoxide poisoning can also show higher levels of serum CKMB. The reference range is about 56.2 pg/mL. An electrocardiogram or ECG is a non-invasive diagnostic test to record the electrical voltage in the heart so as to understand its functioning and regularity of heart beats. The electrocardiogram or EKG can help in diagnosing cardiovascular disease. The ECG is used to check for any damage to the heart and regulate the functioning of the pacemaker. An electrocardiogram measures the electrical activity within the heart, thereby throwing light on the how the heart muscles function. This test is not painful. An ECG is recommended for patients who complain of regular chest pain or palpitations to check for the normal functioning of the heart. It can help in detecting heart attack or (ischaemia) ischemia. If a patient suffers from hypothermia, pulmonary embolism, mitral stenosis or left ventricular hypertrophy, an EKG can help in diagnosis. Other non-cardiac problems such as drug overdose or electrolyte imbalance can be diagnosed with an EKG. Abnormal results from an ECG test may be indicative of arrhythmia, myocarditis, impending heart attack or enlarged heart. Presentation on theme: "Time Value of Money (CH 4)"— Presentation transcript: 1Time Value of Money (CH 4) TIPIf you do not understandsomething,ask me!Future valuePresent valueAnnuitiesInterest rates 2Last week Objective of the firm Business forms Agency conflicts Capital budgeting decision and capital structure decision 3The plan of the lecture Time value of money concepts present value (PV)discount rate/interest rate (r)Formulae for calculating PV ofperpetuityannuityInterest compoundingHow to use a financial calculator 4Financial choices Which would you rather receive today? TRL 1,000,000,000 ( one billion Turkish lira )USD ( U.S. dollars )Both payments are absolutely guaranteed.What do we do? 5Financial choicesWe need to compare “apples to apples” - this means we need to get the TRL:USD exchange rateFrom we can see:USD 1 = TRL 1,637,600Therefore TRL 1bn = USD 6Financial choices with time Which would you rather receive?$1000 today$1200 in one yearBoth payments have no risk, that is,there is 100% probability that you will be paid 7Financial choices with time Why is it hard to compare ?$1000 today$1200 in one yearThis is not an “apples to apples” comparison. They have different units$1000 today is different from $1000 in one yearWhy?A cash flow is time-dated moneyIt has a money unit such as USD or TRLIt has a date indicating when to receive money 8Present value To have an “apple to apple” comparison, we convert future payments to the present valuesor convert present payments to the future valuesThis is like converting money in TRL to money in USD 9Some termsFinding the present value of some future cash flows is called discounting.Finding the future value of some current cash flows is called compounding. 10What is the future value (FV) of an initial $100 after 3 years, if i = 10%? Finding the FV of a cash flow or series of cash flows is called compounding.FV can be solved by using the arithmetic, financial calculator, and spreadsheet methods.FV = ?12310%100 11Solving for FV: The arithmetic method After 1 year:FV1 = c ( 1 + i ) = $100 (1.10) = $110.00After 2 years:FV2 = c (1+i)(1+i) = $100 (1.10) =$121.00After 3 years:FV3 = c ( 1 + i )3 = $100 (1.10) =$133.10After n years (general case):FVn = C ( 1 + i )n 12Set up the Texas instrument 2nd, “FORMAT”, set “DEC=9”, ENTER2nd, “FORMAT”, move “↓” several times, make sure you see “AOS”, not “Chn”.2nd, “P/Y”, set to “P/Y=1”2nd, “BGN”, set to “END”P/Y=periods per year,END=cashflow happens end of periods 13Solving for FV: The calculator method Solves the general FV equation.Requires 4 inputs into calculator, and it will solve for the fifth.310-100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT133.10 14What is the present value (PV) of $100 received in 3 years, if i = 10%? Finding the PV of a cash flow or series of cash flows is called discounting (the reverse of compounding).The PV shows the value of cash flows in terms of today’s worth.12310%PV = ?100 15Solving for PV: The arithmetic method i: interest rate, or discount ratePV = C / ( 1 + i )nPV = C / ( 1 + i )3= $100 / ( 1.10 )3= $75.13 16Solving for PV: The calculator method Exactly like solving for FV, except we have different input information and are solving for a different variable.310100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT-75.13 17Solving for N: If your investment earns interest of 20% per year, how long before your investments double?20-12INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT3.8 18Solving for i: What interest rate would cause $100 to grow to $125 Solving for i: What interest rate would cause $100 to grow to $ in 3 years?3-100125.97INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT8 19Now let’s study some interesting patterns of cash flows... PerpetuityAnnuity 20ordinary annuity and annuity due PMT123i%PMT123i%Annuity Due 21Value an ordinary annuity Here C is each cash paymentn is number of paymentsIf you’d like to know how to get the formula below, see me after class. 22Exampleyou win the $1million dollar lottery! but wait, you will actually get paid $50,000 per year for the next 20 years if the discount rate is a constant 7% and the first payment will be in one year, how much have you actually won? 24Solving for FV: 3-year ordinary annuity of $100 at 10% $100 payments occur at the end of each period. Note that PV is set to 0 when you try to get FV.310-100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT331 25Solving for PV: 3-year ordinary annuity of $100 at 10% $100 payments still occur at the end of each period. FV is now set to 0.310100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT 26Solving for FV: 3-year annuity due of $100 at 10% $100 payments occur at the beginning of each period.FVAdue= FVAord(1+i) = $331(1.10) = $Alternatively, set calculator to “BEGIN” mode and solve for the FV of the annuity:BEGIN310-100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT364.10 27Solving for PV: 3-year annuity due of $100 at 10% $100 payments occur at the beginning of each period.PVAdue= PVAord(1+I) = $248.69(1.10) = $Alternatively, set calculator to “BEGIN” mode and solve for the PV of the annuity:BEGIN310100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT 28What is the present value of a 5-year $100 ordinary annuity at 10%? Be sure your financial calculator is set back to END mode and solve for PV:N = 5, I/YR = 10, PMT = 100, FV = 0.PV = $379.08 29What if it were a 10-year annuity? A 25-year annuity? A perpetuity? N = 10, I/YR = 10, PMT = 100, FV = 0; solve for PV = $25-year annuityN = 25, I/YR = 10, PMT = 100, FV = 0; solve for PV = $Perpetuity (N=infinite)PV = PMT / i = $100/0.1 = $1,000. 30What is the present value of a four-year annuity of $100 per year that makes its first payment two years from today if the discount rate is 9%?$297.22$323.97$ $ $ $100 31What is the PV of this uneven cash flow stream? 10013002310%-50490.91247.93225.39-34.15= PV 32Solving for PV: Uneven cash flow stream Input cash flows in the calculator’s “CF” register:CF0 = 0CF1 = 100CF2 = 300CF3 = 300CF4 = -50Enter I/YR = 10, press NPV button to get NPV = $ (Here NPV = PV.) 33Detailed steps (Texas Instrument calculator) To clear historical data:CF, 2nd ,CE/CTo get PV:CF , ↓,100 , Enter , ↓,↓ ,300 , Enter, ↓,2,Enter, ↓, 50, +/-,Enter, ↓,NPV,10,Enter, ↓,CPT“NPV= ” 34The Power of Compound Interest A 20-year-old student wants to start saving for retirement. She plans to save $3 a day. Every day, she puts $3 in her drawer. At the end of the year, she invests the accumulated savings ($1,095=$3*365) in an online stock account. The stock account has an expected annual return of 12%.How much money will she have when she is 65 years old? 35Solving for FV: Savings problem If she begins saving today, and sticks to her plan, she will have $1,487, when she is 65.4512-1095INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT1,487,262 36Solving for FV: Savings problem, if you wait until you are 40 years old to start If a 40-year-old investor begins saving today, and sticks to the plan, he or she will have $146, at age 65. This is $1.3 million less than if starting at age 20.Lesson: It pays to start saving early.2512-1095INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT146,001 37Will the FV of a lump sum be larger or smaller if compounded more often, holding the stated i% constant?LARGER, as the more frequently compounding occurs, interest is earned on interest more often.12310%100133.10Annually: FV3 = $100(1.10)3 = $133.101235%456134.01100Semiannually: FV6 = $100(1.05)6 = $134.01 38What is the FV of $100 after 3 years under 10% semiannual compounding What is the FV of $100 after 3 years under 10% semiannual compounding? Quarterly compounding? 39Classifications of interest rates 1. Nominal rate (iNOM) – also called the APR, quoted rate, or stated rate. An annual rate that ignores compounding effects. Periods must also be given, e.g. 8% Quarterly.2. Periodic rate (iPER) – amount of interest charged each period, e.g. monthly or quarterly.iPER = iNOM / m, where m is the number of compounding periods per year. e.g., m = 12 for monthly compounding. 40Classifications of interest rates 3. Effective (or equivalent) annual rate (EAR, also called EFF, APY) : the annual rate of interest actually being earned, taking into account compounding.If the interest rate is compounded m times in a year, the effective annual interest rate is 41Example, EAR for 10% semiannual investment An investor would be indifferent between an investment offering a 10.25% annual return, and one offering a 10% return compounded semiannually. 42EAR on a Financial Calculator Texas Instruments BAII Pluskeys:description:[2nd] [ICONV]Opens interest rate conversion menu[↑] [C/Y=] 2 [ENTER]Sets 2 payments per year[↓][NOM=] 10 [ENTER]Sets 10 APR.[↓] [EFF=] [CPT]10.25 43Why is it important to consider effective rates of return? An investment with monthly payments is different from one with quarterly payments.Must use EAR for comparisons.If iNOM=10%, then EAR for different compounding frequency:Annual %Quarterly %Monthly %Daily % 44If interest is compounded more than once a year EAR (EFF, APY) will be greater than the nominal rate (APR). 47What’s the FV of a 3-year $100 annuity, if the quoted interest rate is 10%, compounded semiannually? 1100235%456Payments occur annually, but compounding occurs every 6 months.Cannot use normal annuity valuation techniques. 49Method 2: Financial calculator Find the EAR and treat as an annuity.EAR = ( / 2 )2 – 1 = 10.25%.310.25-100INPUTSNI/YRPVPMTFVOUTPUT331.80 50When is periodic rate used? iPER is often useful if cash flows occur several times in a year. 51ExerciseYou agree to lease a car for 4 years at $300 per month. You are not required to pay any money up front or at the end of your agreement. If your discount rate is 0.5% per month, what is the cost of the lease? Four Keys to Conveying Difficult Opinions First, we must really understand that our assumptions, opinions, and conclusions are exactly that...OUR assumptions, opinions and conclusion. They stem from our own thoughts and beliefs and they may be wrong. Often we confuse our opinions with facts. Have you ever had someone wrongly assume something about you, and treated it as if it was a fact? The first key is to understand that OUR assumptions, opinions, and conclusions are not always accurate. Sometimes they are, but we must always remain open to the possibility that they are not. The second key is to “check” our assumptions, opinions, and conclusions. In other words, investigate them. Investigation opens the lines of communication and encourages honest feedback. This allows for the added benefit of helping to prevent false assumptions, opinions, and conclusions about you and minimizes the possibility of costly confusion. Lastly, it encourages everyone to make decisions based on facts Here
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- introduzione Negli scritti giovanili Hegel si interessa di quali valori attribuire al Cristianesimo. Contrappone la religione cristiana alla religione popolare, cioè una religione condivisa da tutto il popolo. Questa era tipica delle polis greche in cui c’era armonia tra l’uomo e la divinità, la cosiddetta unità originaria. Il Cristianesimo è invece una religione privata, vissuta cioè in un rapporto personale tra l'individuo e Dio, ma è anche oggettiva, ossia fondata sugli scritti testamentari e su dogmi. Scrive la Vita di Gesù nella quale riprende l’interpretazione kantiana della religione, presentando l’insegnamento di Gesù come dottrina morale. Più avanti Hegel muta la sua posizione trovando nella religione ebraica l’espressione della scissione tra l’uomo e Dio, ovvero la rottura dell’unità espressa dalla religione greca. Vede quindi il Cristianesimo come la riconciliazione tra l’uomo e Dio. Hegel vive il suo tempo in una sorta di unione tra l’Illuminismo e il Romanticismo. Critica agli illuministi: Apprezza l’importanza storica dell’Illuminismo, base della civiltà occidentale, e della ragione illuministica, ma non ne condivide l’astrattezza. Nella filosofia illuministica c’è un forte schematismo, che separa i concetti e non li integra. Inoltre mentre per Hegel la ragione è una costante della Storia ed ogni periodo storico va ben valutato, per gli illuministi la ragione è presente solo in determinate epoche storiche, contrapponendo le età illuminate alle epoche buie. La critica ai Romantici: Apprezza la ricerca di unità, di infinito e quindi di assoluto. Ma per Hegel l’assoluto non deve essere astratto, estetico, del sentimento, bensì razionale. Il suo scritto puramente filosofico è la Differenza tra il sistema filosofico di Fichte e quello di Shelling. Critica a Fichte: Hegel critica la filosofia di Fichte in quanto egli ha ammesso l’opposizione tra Io e non-Io, prodotta dall’Io, ma non ristabilisce l’unità tra i due termini, ammettendo solamente un’aspirazione all’unità che non si realizza mai. Il pensiero di Fichte è analitico, che si basa sull’intelletto e non sulla ragione. Di questi due aspetti Hegel fa una distinzione: l’intelletto fissa i concetti nella loro identità, agisce separando i contrari fissandoli nella loro unicità (A è A e A non è B), è astratto perché la realtà nella sua concretezza è fatta di sintesi dei contrari, c’è un movimento continuo di sintesi dei contrari e non di separazione; la ragione, invece, lavora dinamicamente per sintesi, quindi arriva all’assoluto concreto. L’idealismo di Hegel, infatti, non vuole arrivare ad un principio assoluto astratto (come l’Io assoluto di Fichte), ma vuole arrivare ad un assoluto concreto, che ha in sé tutte le contraddizioni della realtà, perché la realtà è contraddizione. Il processo che porta all’assoluto è la ragione. L’assoluto si identifica con essa, assoluto e ragione sono la stessa cosa. La ragione agisce dialetticamente attraverso un processo formato da una tesi, da un’antitesi e da una sintesi. La tesi è un momento astratto, è l’idea in sé, non è calato nella contraddittorietà della realtà, l’antitesi, invece, è il momento della concretezza, è l’dea che si cala nelle contraddizioni della realtà; la sintesi concilia tesi e antitesi in una unità superiore, è l’idea che, arricchita delle contraddizioni della realtà, riemerge come spirito. Questa sintesi sarà poi la tesi di un nuovo momento a cui verrà contrapposta un’antitesi e ci sarà un’altra sintesi andando a formare un processo a spirale con il quale si arriva ad una realizzazione (da Hegel non specificata). Su tesi, antitesi e sintesi Hegel fonda tutto il suo sistema filosofico. One solution to improving the world’s food security is the development of genetically modified foods. Farmers have long bred plants to produce hybrids with traits that can withstand drought, excessive heat, excessive moisture, or to improve yields and nutritional values for example. GM food is also touted as being more environmentally friendly by some because they require fewer chemicals, less water, and are better for the soil. Today, much of the research and development is carried out by universities, governments, non-governmental bodies, and industry, most of which occurs in laboratories. Furthermore, some of this work involves genetic modifications that introduce traits into foods to achieve specific goals. One recent example of genetic modifications includes Arctic® Apples. Genes in the apple were modified to prevent browning. The result is a more aesthetically pleasing food and less waste. Another example is golden rice. The golden rice project addressed nutrient deficiencies caused when people don’t get enough iron, vitamin A, iodine and zinc. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is serious and leads to a range of illnesses that largely affect pregnant women and children, many of whom live in countries where people eat rice as a staple. Modifying rice to provide vitamin A is predicted to reduce mortality and lead to substantial gains in health, but can be done only through genetic modification. While this seems like a fairly innocuous issue, environmental and anti-globalization activists that are dead set against genetic modifications to food have vehemently opposed golden rice and genetic modifications in other foods (see Wesseler & Zilberman 2014; Harmon 2013). While there are no known links to adverse health or environmental problems related to GM food, some individuals and groups suggest that we don’t have enough information yet to make informed decisions. Economically, this has negatively affected trade (e.g. the European Union bans the imports of GM foods in many countries), and the wellbeing of farmers (e.g. visit EcoWatch to read about the ban of GM seeds in Kenya and the controversy surrounding a potential lifting of the ban). The debate about GM foods is often intense and heated on both sides. Those who support the development, commercialization and adoption of GM foods suggest that yields will rise, the nutritional quality of food will improve, and that food waste will decrease. There are strong social and environmental arguments to support the use of GM foods as well: human health and wellbeing will be enhanced; there will be gains for labourers, who will pick fewer weeds; and there will be environmental benefits derived from better water and soil conservation, and lower chemical use. To gain a better perspective on both sides of the issue, and how to balance the pros and cons, read the article from the Cornell Alliance for Science pictured in Figure 10-3. Before we move on to the next topic, let’s look at applying some of the theories we discussed up to this module. First, we could describe the increase in yield and how this increases supply (a key argument for adopting GM food). Figure 10-4 shows how the production function might change as a result of enhanced genetic technology for cereal. The left panel shows the original total product (TP0) for cereal and the increased product (TP1) as a result of genetic engineering. The result is the increased yield for each level of input. We could go through each step to assess the costs and revenues to eventually arrive at the market supply (or marginal cost curve). Increased yield means lower marginal cost, or higher supply depending on how you want to look at it. Either way, the result is a shift in the supply curve to the right. Given our demand curve, this means decreased price, and increased quantity demanded. The economic arguments are clear, and we can also see that lower food prices are socially beneficial, especially in regions where lower-income families spend a greater proportion of their income on food. Now let’s take a look at an economic argument against GM foods. Environmental groups have long said that GM foods have not been fully tested and could have negative effects on the environment and human health, for example. Greenpeace is one such group that suggests genetic organisms can damage the natural integrity of the environment, and that people have a right to know what’s in their food but don’t because such foods are not labelled. This sounds like two examples of market failure from Module 9. Not having food labelled could be a case of information asymmetry. And, if genetic materials do contaminate natural processes and organisms in a negative way, we could think of this as an externality: a case where the social costs of producing such foods are higher than the private costs. These two arguments have resulted in demand for governments to not only label foods that contain GM ingredients, but to regulate and ban the products of technologies to safeguard society. Where do you see yourself on this issue? To answer this question, you will have to consider the costs and benefits of GM production and consumption, the risks (if any), and what the social and ethical implications are. If you carry a notebook outside of your home or office then Whole Disk Encryption is a technology you should be interested in. It’s also called Full Disk Encryption. First let’s identify the problem. Most people who carry notebook computers (laptops) keep sensitive files on the machine’s drive. Business documents, business databases, contact lists, emails, chat logs, password lists, etc. The most common situation is someone carrying confidential documents on the computer. If the notebook is lost or stolen then whoever holds the notebook computer has access to the files. Login passwords aren’t enough to protect the documents, they’re easily recovered by anyone. A more worrying trend is for international business travellers who carry confidential data on their notebooks. There have been many instances of airport customs staff not only inspecting the notebook for banned items but they’re now looking in the notebook’s hard drive and looking through any documents stored there. Their excuse is that they have to search for anything that’s a threat to national security. Irrespective of why they’re doing this the point is that someone else can gain access to your files at airports. Read this article for an example. And for examples of lost or stolen notebooks see here. Most large companies are now telling their staff to wipe all documents off notebook computers before travelling. This is excellent advice. Another solution is to use whole disk encryption. This is a software technology that encodes the entire drive so that it’s unreadable without a password. At present this technology is rarely used on notebooks. - It’s not possible for someone to extract files from a lost or stolen notebook computer - You don’t have to remember to turn it on or to prepare anything before you leave home or the office. It’s always enabled - Not all encryption programs are free (read below for some good news on free software) - It slows down the computer - You have to enter another password before using the computer - It doesn’t protect you from malware (trojans etc). You still need a good antivirus system - You must have a backup of all your data at home or at the office. If something goes wrong with the computer then there’s no way to recover the data without a backup - Security is only as good as your password. If you use your car number plate or some other easy to guess password then it’s not really secure. You need to use a good password. So with more disadvantages than advantages you’re probably put off. It depends how valuable your files are. If you’re a lawyer carrying around all your client’s documents then your files are probably quite valuable, and you should be doing everything in your power to stop strangers getting at them. How does it work? The technical explanations are beyond the scope of this article. It’s enough to know that it encrypts all of the drive. Older encryption programs encrypt some files only and smart hackers can usually recover all or part of documents. Therefore the “whole disk” part of the encryption program is important. The disk is completely unreadable and unusable without the password. What whole disk encryption programs are available? Recently there has been some progress on this and there are now good free versions including ones for Mac notebooks, as well as commercial solutions. Free Windows Solutions: There are quite a few solutions, below are the more popular ones available today. - BitLocker – it comes with Windows Vista Enterprise, Windows Vista Ultimate, and Windows Server 2008 - TrueCrypt – a popular open source solution (see notes below). Available for Windows, Mac and Linux. Below are low cost commercial solutions. There are many expensive enterprise level solutions not listed here. - PGP – This program has been around for a very long time and is trusted by many people and companies. On the 13th Feb 2008 a version was also made for Apple Macs. If you take your computer outside of a secure environment (home, office, etc) and you have anything on there you wouldn’t like others to have then whole disk encryption is a must. As for airport customs and other law enforcement agencies, a lot of countries have laws making it possible for them to demand your password. So while you can keep random strangers from reading your data it’s really up to you how you comply with legal requests to hand over data. At least you have a choice. Open Source: in security it’s often a good thing to make programs or algorithms open source. It enables the programming community or security community to review the code and find any possible bugs as quickly as possible. It’s also a form of full disclosure. With commercial solutions you have to trust a company that they didn’t include a backdoor for whatever reason. With open source solutions everything’s exposed for public review. - This event has passed. Emotional Eating, Triggers and Binging- Sunday 28th May May 28, 2017 @ 9:00 am - 5:00 pm£25.00 - £74.99 What causes binge eating? Like most eating disorders, it’s seen as a way of coping with feelings of unhappiness and low self-esteem. Factors that may increase your risk of binge eating include: - having low self-esteem and a lack of confidence - depression or anxiety - feelings of stress, anger, boredom or loneliness - dissatisfaction with your body and feeling under pressure to be thin - stressful or traumatic events in your past - having a family history of eating disorders Binge eating can sometimes develop following a strict diet, particularly if you skipped meals, cut out certain foods and didn’t eat enough food. These are unhealthy ways to lose weight and may mean you’re more likely to binge at another time. Have you eaten something because, in that moment you were stressed, emotional, unhappy or angry? You maybe thought “I don’t care anymore” then got through that time period of feeling that emotion by eating and binging continuously, until you think you’ve got yourself out of the mood? Guilty? We know we are! Episodes of binge eating or eating with no intent towards nutrition or current goals occur usually in response to a negative mood, thus reinforcing the cycle of weight gain and further periods of a negative mood. Would you like to know more about how to stay on track when things get difficult? Prevent binge eating and not let emotions or boredom distract you from achieving your goals? Then this seminar is for you! Otelin Konumu Dongdaemun Neighbors, Seul merkezinde, Seul Halk Bit Pazarı ile birkaç dakika mesafede ve Dongdaem
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If instead the method returns a Python value which is convertible to a gdb.Value, then gdb performs the conversion and prints the resulting value. Again, this may result in a call to another pretty-printer. Python scalars (integers, floats, and booleans) and strings are convertible to gdb.Value; other types are not. Finally, if this method returns Nonethen no further operations are peformed in this method and nothing is printed. If the result is not one of these types, an exception is raised. gdb provides a function which can be used to look up the default pretty-printer for a 大流士是世界上最大的兔子,长1.22米,重45磅,但面临另一个大对手——他的儿子杰夫的竞争。 但他的儿子杰夫有1.15米长,还有六个月的时间。 这些怪物是由英国伍斯特郡的安妮特·爱德华兹拥有的。 两只兔子每年吃2000根胡萝卜和700个苹果,花费5000英镑。 兔子的主人,安妮特·爱德华兹,63岁,来自布卢姆斯格罗夫,她说她期待着有一天杰夫使他的父亲相形见绌。 两只兔子还每天吃一个大狗碗,里面装满了专业的兔子食物,每周吃一捆干草。 爱德华兹说:“虽然他们很大,但他们是我最好的动物朋友。” 他们对其他动物也很友好! 杰夫最好的朋友是另一只宠物,一只名叫凯的拳击手狗。 欧洲大陆巨兔是最大的兔子品种,可生长到1.21米左右,但大流士——官方声明是长1.34米。 杰夫出生于大流士和莎莉兔子女士。爱德华兹,萨莉是另一只身高1.06米的欧洲大陆兔子。 一家人住在她的后花园里,但它们很大,每只兔子都需要一个狗笼,它通常有一只像德国牧羊人一样大的宠物。 “大流士很大,但杰夫很大,因为他还未成年,”安妮特补充说。 我希望他比他父亲大得多。” 一旦成功,杰夫将被兽医测量,然后吉尼斯将证明它是世界上最大的兔子。 虽然它们很大,但饲养成本很低。 他们大部分时间都照顾自己。 他们白天在花园里自由奔跑,晚上睡在舒适的板条箱里。 他们不会制造混乱,他们真的是好兔子。 当他们在夏天结束时开始蜕皮时,他们需要每天刷牙。 作为世界上最大的兔子,它们有着巨大的食欲。 但事实上,整天吃干草对他们有好处——可以保持牙齿和消化系统的健康。 编辑作者: AK宠物吧 发布时间: 2020-11-21 版权声明:本文为 “演示站” 原创文章,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明; 原文链接:/wiki/12769.html NOTIZIE DI VIAGGIO – 26 luglio 2022: A volte ci sono storie speciali di persone che prendono davvero sul serio i viaggi. Persone che stanno cercando di uscire dalla routine quotidiana e vogliono fare le cose in modo completamente diverso. Alcuni finiscono in 'I Partenza', ma l'americano Mario Salcedo ha deciso di lasciare la terraferma e cercare il suo futuro in mare. Ovviamente su una nave da crociera. Chi è Mario Salcedo? Che tipo di persona fa una crociera non per una settimana o un mese, ma per il resto della sua vita? Incontra Mario Salcedo, che afferma che quasi 20 anni di vita ininterrotta sulle navi da crociera lo hanno reso "The Happiest Guy in the World". Felice o no, Mario è una grande storia visiva. La cinematografia e il montaggio superiori suggeriscono risposte multiple a questa domanda. La verità di tale affermazione, tuttavia, risiede interamente negli occhi di chi guarda. In questo cortometraggio accattivante (perché lo è davvero), ottieni uno sguardo unico sulla vita di quest'uomo speciale. Un uomo che a quanto pare ha detto addio per sempre a pulire, cucinare, lavare i propri vestiti o dover rifare il letto. Ed elli a me: "Questo misero modo tengon l'anime triste di coloro che visser sanza 'nfamia e sanza lodo. Mischiate sono a quel cattivo coro de li angeli che non furon ribelli né fur fedeli a Dio, ma per sé fuoro. Caccianli i ciel per non esser men belli, né lo profondo inferno li riceve, ch'alcuna gloria i rei avrebber d'elli". E io: "Maestro, che è tanto greve a lor che lamentar li fa sì forte?". Rispuose: "Dicerolti molto breve. Questi non hanno speranza di morte, e la lor cieca vita è tanto bassa, che 'nvidïosi son d'ogne altra sorte. Fama di loro il mondo esser non lassa; misericordia e giustizia li sdegna: non ragioniam di lor, ma guarda e passa". » Caro Presidente Napolitano, credo di interpretare il sentimento di quei concittadini, che quando sbagliano..pagano, nel dire che - senza voler offendere il tuo onore o la tua reputazione - il Tuo comportamento ci pare, da un punto di vista istituzionale, quantomeno discutibile. La Tua posizione', con tutto rispetto parlando, mi pare un po' come quella di certi personaggi della nostra letteratura, da Don Abbondio agli Ignavi di Dante, che pur di non scontrarsi con il Don Rodrigo di turno, eran sempre pronti a lavarsene le mani. E come può, non peggiorare, il già mal messo stato di salute della democrazia del Nostro paese se il suo Presidente si percepisce "come un vaso di coccio tra vasi di ferro"? In May of this year, a rocket launched by SpaceX, the company founded by Elon Musk, carried aloft a payload that heralds great opportunities for global business. Atop the rocket were 60 internet satellites, stacked like pancakes, representing the start of an ambitious network called Starlink. SpaceX plans to launch nearly 12,000 satellites in the next few years to provide broadband services across the entire planet. Since the World Wide Web was popularized with the launch of the Mosaic browser 26 years ago, only about half the global population has gained access to the internet. According to the UN’s State of Broadband report, 49.2% of people were online by the end of 2018 with reliable, affordable access. Regions vary greatly: Europe is 80% online, Africa only 22%. Most regions not yet covered are rural and low income. It is often prohibitively expensive to lay fiber optic cable (or any cable) in these areas. Cell tower coverage is less expensive to provide, but requires a critical mass of paying customers to make the economics viable. Technology firms that benefit from internet expansion recognize this issue. In the past decade, many have started experimenting with “leapfrog” innovations to provide broader internet coverage. The technology most likely to revolutionize broadband extension in the most comprehensive way, low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellites, are currently being developed and deployed by a number of companies. In addition to SpaceX, Amazon has announced plans to launch over 3,000 LEO satellites. OneWeb, a firm backed by SoftBank, Richard Branson, and others, has also begun preparing and deploying a network of more than 600. The new satellites aim to be faster, smaller, and more powerful than previous models, offering internet latency periods of 25–35 milliseconds — equal to or better than many cable and DSL systems. Other companies are looking to expand broadband with different technologies. Google is experimenting with high-altitude balloons that act as floating cell towers, and Facebook is investigating solar-powered drones produced by Airbus and others. While balloons, drones, and particularly satellites are promising solutions to the world’s internet problem, they remain untested on a large scale. When, then, will new markets have high-quality, affordable access to broadband? Possibly very soon. SpaceX, which is currently leading the race in LEO satellites, plans to launch as many as 800 by the end of 2020, a number it claims will support a commercially viable constellation. OneWeb aims for a commercially viable network by 2021. Amazon’s timeframe is unclear, but given the company’s resources, as well as its access to launch capabilities through Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin, it is likely to be a major player. Finally, the Google initiative Loon has signed its first commercial client, Telkom Kenya, to provide 4G internet access to rural parts of Africa. Services are set to begin as soon as this year. On balance, it is reasonable to predict that, in the next three to five years, most of the planet will have some access to reliable, if somewhat expensive, broadband. That means over three billion people will be, for the first time, directly connected to the global economy. First adopters — businesses, government agencies, schools, health clinics — will be eager consumers, even while prices are high. Lowering costs will likely allow broader access to the remaining unconnected populations over the next several years through smartphones and other devices. The business community should consider this emerging market with astonishment, if for no other reason than its vast size. It will present challenges in terms of economics, geography, language, and demographics. But businesses that are aware of the changes to come, that appreciate the speed and reach of global broadband expansion, and that prepare appropriately for new markets will enjoy a range of unprecedented opportunities. Specifically, businesses should prepare in four areas. Most of the billions of consumers coming online will be from low-income communities. Many will have limited access to education. Some may not be familiar with products and services that are widely available elsewhere. To address these new populations, products and services offered via the internet need to have accessible and intuitive designs, or include clear instructions for first-time use. Communications will also need to be localized. Half of the people on the planet speak one of five languages (Mandarin, Spanish, English, Arabic, and Hindi). But the billions of people coming online could be speaking one of 7,000 languages. Communications will need to be driven by local partners who bring both cultural awareness and linguistic skills. Because many new consumers will be located in low-income countries and have limited resources, business models will need to adapt to their needs. In many cases a “paygo” model, where consumers pay a bit each month from online accounts, can be effective, as has been demonstrated with products ranging from cell phones to life insurance policies. For example, many companies have tried unsuccessfully to sell household solar systems in emerging economies. But when M-KOPA Solar tied billing to user cell phone accounts (and remotely turned off solar systems when bills weren’t paid), sales took off. There also may be opportunities for hybrid business models involving government and philanthropic partnerships. In fact, the World Bank plans to invest over $200 billion in renewable energy projects in emerging economies by 2025 — an initiative that will result in significant opportunities for the private sector . If past experience holds true, new markets coming online will quickly be dominated by a small number of global platforms, especially Facebook. In many markets Facebook is offered for free (with data subsidized by Facebook or telecommunications firms), so adoption is rapid. Often consumers aren’t aware that there are other online services or resources outside of Facebook. Research in 2015 indicated that 65% of Nigerians, 61% of Indonesians, and 58% of Indians agreed with the statement “Facebook is the internet.” (Only 5% of Americans agreed.) Facebook also owns WhatsApp, the messaging service that is dominant in many low-income countries, as well as Instagram, which also has a major international profile. Because of Facebook’s dominance in new markets, every business considering expansion in these areas needs to factor in its stature. In some regions this may mean, for example, abandoning plans for separate web page communications, and using Facebook for company information, communications, and transactions. Audio and Video Communications A large portion of the populations gaining access to the internet may be illiterate. Communications may be further challenged as many will speak regional languages, which means that audio and video communications will be particularly effective. This can already be seen as smart speaker technologies like Alexa and Google Assistant become more prevalent in international markets. Alexa’s offering in India, for example, already speaks Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam, and knows Biryani recipes, Bollywood plot lines, and cricket jokes. Smart speakers are also less expensive than smartphones, and it is possible to imagine free giveaways in the future, much as simple smartphones are now offered for free in India. While the next billion or so consumers will come online through smartphones, the billion after that are likely to come online through culturally adept smart speakers. Companies seeking to expand in developing countries would be wise to start experimenting with building smart speaker “skills” (like apps), as they will play a major role in future markets. In short, global broadband expansion represents an opportunity that can’t be ignored. The billions of consumers that will come online in the next few years represent a once-in-history expansion of the global marketplace. Businesses that recognize the speed and magnitude of this transformation, and educate themselves on how to react to it, will be best positioned to take advantage of unprecedented opportunity. Network security is by and large considered as giving protection for the organisation by maintaining far from the hackers. Information security chiefly focuses on protecting the informations resource from malware onslaughts or simple errors which are done by people in administration with aid of DLP techniques. Information security means protecting information from the unauthorized users, the two footings information security and computing machine security and information confidence which are frequently used otherwise. These all Fieldss which are interrelated and portion some common ends of protecting confidentiality, unity and handiness. Governments, corporations, military, infirmaries, fiscal establishments, and some private concerns. Huge sum of confidential information about all their specific employees, merchandises, clients and research. All these information will be collected with processed and shop computing machines and besides can be transmitted across all other web.protecting confidential information is really of import in concern demand and in all instances an ethical and legal demand should be done. The cyberspace adventurer has thrall down to one and many security exposures and some of these exposures like spyware, computing machine viruses and adware are made possible by exploitable mistakes and bugs in the architecture of internet adventurer. The mistakes may be as Spyware which is installed in computing machines in which of import information will be copied without our cognition and this sort of malware is really difficult to observe. Adware as good is one of malwares which is in the signifier of advertizement on computing machine when you are downloading anything on the system.lastly Computer virus is one of the viruses which are created by computing machine itself. Software security is most of import for consumers, sellers because aggressors that create onslaughts even may do reasonably big consecutive effects and when all these onslaughts has been discovered so required package is sold for the consumers depending on the exposures. Decision: As tonss of information available at web services i.e. World Wide Web and these are successful in supplying services to all the user with the aid of web security that provides all the benefits of utilizing a safe web entree and uninterrupted informations transmittal between both the terminal devices. Machine surviving has been changed because of addition of internet population It figures out, all the relevant information sing the user at client side and hints out web sites accessed during the web session. Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore. That’s why we have developed 5 beneficial guarantees that will make your experience with our service enjoyable, easy, and safe. You have to be 100% sure of the quality of your product to give a money-back guarantee. This describes us perfectly. Make sure that this guarantee is totally transparent.Read more Each paper is composed from scratch,
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Ö/PDY operasyonu: 2 tutuklama - 17:24Kan bağışında büyük artış sağlandı - 17:21Şehitler anısına Ilgaz Dağı'na tırmandılar - Altın147,600 - BIST83.124 - Dolar3,7839 - Euro4,0578 - Euro/Dolar0.00 - Sterlin4,7047 - İstanbul7 °C - Ankara-1 °C - İzmir10 °C - Konya-4 °C - Adana16 °C - Antalya14 °C - Diyarbakır8 °C - Bursa10 °C - Kayseri-4 °C - Kocaeli7 °C - Şanlıurfa11 °C - Gaziantep10 °C - İçel14 °C Fransa'da ana muhalefetteki Sosyalist Parti, soykırımı inkar yasa tasarısının Mart 2012'de yapılacak başkanlık seçimlerinden önce yasalaşması için harekete geçti. Senato'da Sosyalist Parti Grup Başkanı François Rebsamen, meclisten geçen tasarının en kısa zamanda Senato'nun gündemine alınacağını açıkladı. Fransa'da Sosyalist Parti'nin cumhurbaşkanı adayı François Hollande, Ermeni iddialarıyla ilgili inkâr tasarısının Meclis'te kabul edilmesinin ardından Cumhurbaşkanı Nicolas Sarkozy'yi 'seçim operasyonu' yapmakla eleştirdi. Hollande, tasarının ne Ermenileri ne de Türkiye'yi memnun ettiğini söyledi. Buna rağmen, Sosyalistler tasarının yasalaşma sürecinin seçimden önce tamamlanması için harekete geçti. Sosyalist Parti Grup Başkanı François Rebsamen, tasarının en kısa zamanda Senato'nun gündemine alınacağını açıkladı. Rebsamen, "Seçim hesabıyla yapılmış olsa dahi, Türk toplumunun öfkesini çeken bu tasarının oylanmaması Ermeni toplumunda hayal kırıklığına neden olacak ve daha kötü bir sonuca yol açacaktır." dedi. Sosyalist Parti cumhurbaşkanı adayı François Hollande, inkâr tasarısını "Nicolas Sarkozy'nin seçim operasyonu" sözleriyle eleştirdi. "Üzücü olan, hükümetin daha önce Senato'ya göndermediği bir yasa tasarısını fırsatı değerlendirerek tekrar Meclis'te tartışması olmuştur. Yani tam bir reklam çalışmasıdır." ifadelerini kullandı. Sosyalistlerin bu tasarıya tıpkı 2006'da olduğu gibi destek verdiğini belirten Hollande, "Neden 5 yıl kaybettik? Neden Cumhurbaşkanı görev süresinin sonunda uyandı?" diye sordu. Ermenilerin 2006'da Meclis'te kabul edilen tasarının 5 yıldır Senato'da oylanmasını beklediğini savunan Hollande, bu "seçim operasyonunun" kimseyi tatmin etmediğini söyledi. Hollande, "Bu tasarı Ermeni toplumunu tatmin etmediği gibi, Fransa'yı Türkiye'yle bugün sonuçlarını kestiremediğimiz bir krize sürükledi." dedi. Eski Sosyalist Parti üyesi ve eski İçişleri Bakanı Jean-Pierre Chevenement, tasarının kabul edilmesini "lobilere verilmiş bir kapitülasyon" sözleriyle yorumladı. Sosyalist Parti üyesi ve eski Kültür Bakanı Jack Lang ise "5 yıldır yöneticilerimizin neden sürekli Türkiye'ye saldırdığını ve Avrupa Birliği'ne girmesine engel olduğunu anlayamıyorum." dedi. Sarkozy'nin seçim kaygısıyla Türkiye'ye karşı düşmanca bir tavır sergilediğini belirten Lang, inkâr yasa tasarısının anayasaya aykırı olduğunu söyledi. CEZAYİR'DEN ERDOĞAN'A DESTEK Başbakan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan'ın Cezayir soykırımıyla ilgili açıklamalarına Cezayir hükümetinden de destek geldi. İktidardaki Milli Kurtuluş Cephesi (FLN) Sözcüsü Kassa Aissa, Erdoğan'ın Cezayir'de soykırım suçu işlendiği yönündeki açıklamasını "tarihsel bir gerekliliğin yerine getirilmesi" olarak niteledi. FLN'nin Fransa'da işlediği insanlık suçlarını tanıması için her fırsatta çağrı yaptığını dile getiren Aissa, "Paris, Ermeni soykırımını tanıyorsa neden Cezayir soykırımını tanımasın?" dedi. Erdoğan'ın açıklamalarını değerlendiren Cezayir Dışişleri Bakanlığı Sözcüsü Amar Belani, "Fransız partnerlerimizle genel ilişkilerimizin atmosferini kolaylaştırmak için, Fransa'nın bu konuda açık ve net bir pozisyon almasını bekliyoruz." açıklamasını yaptı. Cezayir'de tüm siyasi partiler, Fransa'nın Cezayir'de işlediği insanlık suçunu tanıması için baskı yapıyor. Ancak, Dışişleri Bakanı Alain Juppe, haziran ayında Cezayir'e yaptığı resmi ziyarette Fransa'nın henüz özür dilemeye hazır olmadığını söylemişti. Erdoğan'ın Fransa'yı Cezayir soykırımı tanımaya yönelik çağrısı Fransız basınında da geniş yer buldu. Dün gazetelerin tamamı Erdoğan'ın açıklamalarına birinci sayfada yer verirken, haber sitelerinde en çok okunan haber oldu. Erdoğan'ın "Sarkozy, Cezayir'de soykırım olup olmadığını 1940'lı yıllarda Cezayir'de savaşan babasına sorsun." ifadeleri de geniş yer buldu. "Türkiye Sarkozy'nin babasını hedef aldı" başlığını kullanan Le Parisien gazetesi, Cumhurbaşkanı'nın babası Pal Sarkozy'nin "Marsilya sınırlarını hiç aşmadım. Sadece 4 ay boyunca orduda görev aldım. Hayatımı anlatan 'Tant de Vie' kitabımı satın almak yeterli. Kitapta bütün belgeleri var." sözlerine yer verdi. Zaman T-Cell Therapy Claims Unparalleled Success in ALL Study Cancer fighters are hailing new immunotherapy research and calling it the cure to a disease that kills several millions worldwide every year. Scientists working with T-cells, a type of white blood cells that constitute the body's immunity, have reported unparalleled cure rates in treating advance-stage blood cancers. They claim that genetically modified T-cells are able to fight the disease who were given only months to live. According to The Guardian, the therapy involves selecting white blood cells for 'tweaking'. Genetically modified sensor cells are attached to them to seek and destroy cancer cells. The tweaked T-cells are then injected into the body to proliferate and mount an immune response to cancer. The therapy has shown astounding results in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and other blood cancers including lymphomas. The ALL study presented at American Association for Advancement of Science, claimed that 94 % participants had no symptoms after treatment. "This is unprecedented in medicine to be honest, to get response rates in this range in these very advanced patients," said the study's lead scientist Stanley Riddell, according to The Independent. While the study has generated optimism, some are guarded. Muiris Houston wrote in The Irish Times that the trial was not blinded and no comparisons were made with standard treatments. Additionally, a need to analyze the side-effects of T-cell therapy was pointed out. Some of the participants in the study's trial reported fever and low blood pressure while two deaths were also reported. Another major concern with T-cell therapy is an abundance of defense, also called cytokine release syndrome. The AAAS study was restricted to treating blood cancers as the treatment's efficacy in treating solid malignancies is yet to be tested. ~~~~让威廉希尔ios客户端喂你~~~~ 威廉希尔安卓客户端下载联合高中的餐饮部可以满足您的餐饮需求! 威廉希尔ios客户端提供餐饮,从一个简单的咖啡设置为10到一个完整的餐饮100或更多. 餐饮要求最早可在次日(1月1日)提出.e. 饼干/咖啡),但不得迟于提前五(5)个工作日. 交货时间将取决于餐饮要求的类型. Please fill out the 餐饮申请表格 and submit the document through the help desk (Food Service > 餐饮 > Scheduling) or you can email it to firstname.lastname@example.org. 您将在24小时内收到订单请求的确认. 如果您没有看到喜欢的菜单项或想要定制您的餐饮需求, 请致电(408)347-5192与儿童营养服务办公室联系,了解其他选择. Our fuel cell plants generate electricity and usable high-quality heat or steam from the same unit of fuel. The heat or steam generated from this configuration, referred to as combined heat and power (CHP), can be used for heating buildings and many industrial processes. Fuel cell microgrids are ideal for increasing energy resilience and establishing predictable energy costs. Our plants can be configured as microgrids, supplying reliable power during normal operation and disconnecting to provide power in the event of a grid disturbance. Our platforms react fuels differently than thermal generators and do not mix fuel with air before it is used to make power. When CO2 is created in our platforms, it is relatively easy to capture and export that CO2 as a valuable resource for many industrial purposes. FuelCell Energy offers the only known platform that can capture carbon from an external source and produce more power and hydrogen at the same time. The fuel cell's power generation during the carbon capture process improves overall economics. Bir tohumdan avokado yetiştirmek çok basittir, bu da herkesin evinde kendi avokado bitkisine sahip olabileceği anlamına gelir. Taş, lezzetli ve sağlıklı avokado meyvesinden alınarak kolayca elde edilir. Taştan bir avokado yetiştirmek için hangi alt tabakanın gerekli olduğunu ve hangi saksının uygun olacağını ve filizlenen avokadonun güzel bir ağaca dönüşmesi için hangi koşulların sağlanması gerektiğini kontrol edin. Avokado tohumları meyvelerden çıkarılır Avokado ( Persea americana ), Orta ve Güney Amerika'dan gelir, defne ailesine aittir. Avokadonun 8.000 yıl kadar erken bir zamanda kullanıldığı bulundu. Doğada avokado 20 metreye kadar büyüyen bir ağaçtır. Kağıda benzeyen büyük yaprak dökmeyen yapraklara sahiptir. Çiçekler ise küçük, yeşil ve göze çarpmayan. Yenilebilir kısım elbette meyvenin kalın, kösele ve koyu yeşil bir kabukla kaplı, etleri yeşilimsi ve ağızda hafif çatlak bir tat. Beta karoten ve potasyum açısından zengindirler. Meyveyi kestikten sonra, başarılı bir şekilde yeni bir bitki yetiştirebileceğiniz büyük bir taş buluyoruz. Uyarı! Avokadodaki taşı çıkarmak için meyveyi yavaşça ikiye kesin, taşa zarar vermemeye özen gösterin. Meyveden çıkardıktan sonra tohumu mümkün olan en kısa sürede ekin. Avokado tohumları nasıl ekilir? To bir tohumdan bir avokado büyür , biz derin bir pot (daha büyük daha iyi) toprak ile doldurulmuş gerekecektir. Yüzey hafif ve havalandırılmış olmalı, bu nedenle toprak perlit ile karıştırılmalıdır. Ayrıca bir kum ve turba karışımı da kullanabilirsiniz (1: 2 oranında karıştırın). Dünyanın pH'ı nötre yakın olmalıdır. Ardından taze bir avokado taşı alın (tercihen meyveden çıkardıktan hemen sonra) ve bir tencereye toprağa koyun. Taşı, daha dar ucu yukarı bakacak şekilde, ucu yerden hafifçe çıkacak şekilde yerleştirin. Mini bir sera oluşturmak ve nemi korumak için tencereyi şeffaf bir plastik torba veya plastik şişenin kesilmiş yarısı ile örtün (filizlenen avokado çok yüksek hava nemi gerektirir). Son olarak avokado kabını güneşli ve sıcak bir yere koyun. Bir avokado filizlendiğinde hızla uzar, bu yüzden yeterince uzun olduğunu hissettiğinizde bir çift yaprağın üzerinden kesmelisiniz. Sonuç olarak, bitki dallanmaya başlayacak ve daha çok bir ağaca benzeyecektir. Yaz aylarında avokadoyu dışarıya koyabilirsiniz. Avokadoyu bazen bir fıskiye ile serpmek de iyidir. Avokado yetiştirirken, bu bitkinin dona ve soğuğa tahammül etmediğini ve en iyi 21-24 ° C'de büyüdüğünü unutmayın. Taştan yetiştirilen avokado Avokado yetiştirmeye nasıl devam edilir Yaz aylarında , tohumda yetiştirilen avokadolar 2 haftada bir döllenmelidir ve biraz daha eski bitkiler de dışarıya yerleştirilebilir. Bununla birlikte, bitkilerin sabit ve yüksek sıcaklıklarda en iyi şekilde büyüdüğünü bilmeye değer, bu nedenle onları evde veya bir kış bahçesinde tutmak en avantajlıdır. Bir kış bahçesi için mükemmel bitkilerdir. Kışın bitkiler 10-15 ° C'nin altında tutulmamalıdır. Genç avokadoların her bahar daha büyük bir tencereye nakledilmesi gerekir. Daha yaşlı bitkiler için bunu 2-3 yılda bir yapmak yeterlidir. نامه ۴ نفر از اعضای هیات رئیسه خطاب به رئیس جمهور در خصوص افزایش هزینه انشعاب برق . ۴ نفر از اعضای هیات رئیسه مجلس طی نامه ای به رئیس جمهور خواستار ورود رئیس جمهور به آنچه افزایش بی رویه غیر کارشناسی و ناعادلانه هزینه انشعاب برق خواندند شدند. غلامرضا کاتب، محمدعلی وکیلی، اکبر رنجبرزاده و علی اصغر یوسف نژاد نمایندگان گرمسار، تهران، اسدآباد و ساری طی نامهای که در بخشی از آن آمده است: «مطلع شدیم که وزارت نیرو با اتخاذ سیاستی نادرست نسبت به افزایش چندباره هزینه اشتراک برق خانگی و تجاری ظرف سه سال گذشته رشدی ۸۰۰ درصدی را به دنبال داشته است اقدام کرده و تعرفه ۲ میلیون ریالی در سال ۹۲ را به ۱۶ میلیون ریال در سال ۹۵ افزایش داده است. وزارت نیرو به جای اینکه با جدیت مطالبات خود را از نهادها و سازمان های دولتی و عمومی وصول نماید راه آسانتر که افزایش هزینه انشعاب برق خانگی و تجاری است را در پیش گرفته، لذا از جنابعالی تقاضا دارم با ورود به این مساله از افزایش بیرویه، غیر کارشناسی و ناعادلانه هزینه انشعاب برق توسط وزارت نیرو جلوگیری نمایید.» در پاسخ به این نامه نیز که رونوشت آن به هیات رئیسه مجلس شورای اسلامی ارسال شده و اصل آن از طرف محمد نهاوندیان به معاون اول رئیس جمهور ارسال گردیده آمده است: ریاست محترم جمهوری در پی نوشت نامه از سوی هیات رئیسه مجلس فرمودند افزایش بر چه مبنایی صورت گرفته و برای سال ۹۵ هیچ افزایشی قابل قبول نیست. VİDEOLAR Telefon Numaram: 0023 781 11 08 Telefon Numaram: 0023 781 11 02 Sarışını eve kapatıp gün boyu sikmiş Oldukça sosyetik bir zilli olan sarışını eve kapatan lavuk, sabahtan başlayarak bu sosyetik zilliyi evire çevire sikiyor. Onun deliklerini elinden geldiğince sert bir yöntemle siken lavuğun kabarmış ve hiç inmeyen yarrağının görkemli hatları, hatunu da mest edecek. Caricamento del lettore... È disponibile una nuova versione di Last.fm, per assicurarti un funzionamento ottimale ricarica il sito. 3.028 159 Conosci un video di YouTube per questo brano? Aggiungi un video Hai informazioni sul background di questo brano? Crea la wiki Non vuoi vedere annunci? Abbonati ora Super Junior H 김희철 이성민 동방신기 & Super Junior Altre 11 foto A renowned violinist and teacher discusses the interpretation of violin repertoire standards, drawing upon 360 musical illustrations and excerpts as well as a lifetime of artistic experience. Suitable for players at all levels, Leopold Auer's dissertation offers suggestions for performance of works by the great composers as well as observations on the techniques of Paganini, Wieniawski, Joachim, and other virtuosos. Helpful hints illuminate the technical minutia of performance, including special bowings, mood and tempo variants, and artistic effects. Auer begins by introducing the outstanding works of the older Italian violin composers such as Tartini, Corelli, and Vivaldi. He examines Bach's contributions to the repertoire, in addition to works by Mozart, Handel, and Beethoven; innovations by latter-day artists such as Spohr, Vieuxtemps, and Ernst; and the Bruch concertos. Other featured composers include Tchaikovsky, Elgar, Franck, and Sarasate. This classic guide concludes with valuable insights into transcriptions and musical memory. Reprint of the Carl Fischer, Inc., New York, 1925 edition. Nell'America del futuro, le grandi Compagnie controllano completamente la popolazione: il cibo, le case, le automobili, e ogni altra proprieta', sono semplicemente concesse in usufrutto a persone legate
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构 - 非晶合金变压器厂家怎样才能够实现更大 - 什么是矿用变压器的差动保护? - 非晶合金变压器的铁芯能够改变它的功率 - 矿用变压器的安装距离住户多远为好 - 教您选择合适的油浸式变压器产品 - 箱式变压器制作程序和步骤是什么 邮箱:firstname.lastname@example.org 手机:xxxxxxxx 电话:xxx-xxx-xxx 地址:六盘水翔鸿变压器有限公司 干式变压器满负荷为多少 干式变压器在进出运行过程中还必须承受必要的压力。这个压力是干式变压器的负载。干式变压器的负载不应过大,也不应超过干式变压器的容量。可以测量普通干式变压器的负载。对于全负荷的干式变压器,推广方法应不断进行,计算能力和方法应不断提高。 干式变压器在进出运行过程中还必须承受必要的压力。这个压力是干式变压器的负载。干式变压器的负载不应过大,也不应超过干式变压器的容量。普通干式变压器的负荷可以计算。干式变压器的满负荷应不断提升,竞争能力和竞争手段应不断提高。普通干式变压器的负荷竞争如下: 负载辩论模式 关于负荷的争论有几种方法,如需求系数法、使用系数法和单位单项指数法。 (1)需要系数法。将设备功率乘以所需系数和同步系数,直接计算比赛负荷。该方法比较简单,应用广泛,特别适用于配电和变电站的负荷竞争。 (2)使用系数法。利用共轴系数计算负荷较大类别的平均负荷,然后考虑不同设备数量和功率的影响,乘以与有效机组数量相关的较大系数,得到有争议的负荷。这种方法的理论证明是概率论和数理统计,因此比较结果更接近实际。适用于工业企业的电力负荷计算,但竞争过程有点复杂。 (3)单电池面积功率法、单电池指数法和单电池产品功耗法。前两种主要用于民用建筑,而后者适用于一些工业建筑。当电力设备的功率和数量不能及时或在设计的早期确定时,这些方法是确定电力设备负载的主要方法。 (4)除采用上述方法外,还有二项式法、作业成本法和变量值需要系数法等。这是近年来在中国出现的。这些方法有的已被其他方法所取代,有的被锻炼系数法所简化,而且很少有不可推广的实用数据,因此这里不再介绍。 在设计的前期论证中,如可行性研究和方案设计阶段,通常采用单位面积功率法、单位单指数法和清单产品功耗法。初步设计和施工图设计大多采用需求系数法和作业系数法。 以上是竞争普通干式变压器负载的最重要方式。在干式变压器的负载竞赛中,你也要注意许多问题。请密切关注我们的制造商,就干式变压器的负载交换更多的问题。 - 2020-06-25导致箱式变压器出现不对称运行的原因是 - 2020-06-25箱式变压器温度升高的原因是什么? - 2020-06-25油浸式变压器产生气泡的原因是什么 - 2020-06-25你知道油浸式变压器的温度控制系统的构 - 2020-06-25非晶合金变压器厂家怎样才能够实现更大 - 2020-06-25什么是矿用变压器的差动保护? گروه اقتصادی: «سکونت گاه» تنها جایی برای لم دادن زیر باد کولر یا نشستن در کنار شومینه، برای لذت بردن از گرما و سرما نیست. به گزارش ایلنا، سیاست گذاران حوزه رفاه، بر خلافِ عامه، سکونت گاه یا همان «مسکن» را مکانی برای پیشگیری از بیماری ها و کنترل رفتارهای اجتماعی خطرناک می دانند.از دیدگاه آنها، انسان بدون برخورداری از مسکن، «امنیتِ روان» خود را از دست می دهد و به رفتارهای تهاجمی و تعدی به حقوقِ اجتماعیِ سایرین روی می آورد تا بتواند این کاستی را با آسیب زدن به دیگرانی که احساس می کند، با رفتارهای اقتصادی خود این حق را از او گرفته اند، جبران کند. بنابراین حقوقِ سایر انسان ها، صرفا تا زمانی مورد هتکِ حرمت قرار نمی گیرد که «بی نوایان» حداقل سقفی بالای سر خود داشته باشند. این در حالی است که به دلیل شتاب گرفتن نرخ رکود از نرخ رشد و عمیق شدن شکاف میان این دو شاخص مهم، که برای سنجش اندازه ی اقتصاد و قدرت رقابت پذیری آن ملاک قرار می گیرند و افزایش ۵۰ تا بیش از ۱۰۰ درصدی اجاره بها در کل مناطق شهری کشور، تعداد فقرای بدون مسکن و بد مسکنِ ساکن در«سکونت گاه های غیررسمی» افزایش یافته است. وزارت راه و شهرسازی تخمین می زند که حدود ۲۰ میلیون نفر، شامل ۳۰ درصد از جمعیت کشور، در سکونت گاه های غیررسمی شب را به صبح و صبح را به شب می رسانند. آنها در این چرخه ۲۴ ساعته ی زمان، سقفی به نام «آسیب های اجتماعی» را بالای سر دارند. وجود ۲۰ میلیون نفر در سکونت گاه های غیررسمی، نشان از آن دارد که برنامه هایی مانند تخریب کامل، سکونت گاه غیررسمی مانند «خاک سفید» نتوانسته میلِ از سر ناچاریِ فقرای شهری و روستایی برای زندگی در این مکان ها را از میان ببرد. چنین کلونی های انسانی امروز به یک چالش عظیم الجثه برای کشورهای در حال توسعه تبدیل شده اند؛ حال آنکه کشورهای توسعه یافته واقع در اسکاندیناوی (سوئد، فنلاند و... ) و آسیای شرقی و برخی کشورهای جنوب شرق این قاره، که در سال های گذشته تحت تاثیر کند شدن نرخ رشد اقتصاد جهانی، شاهد رشد فقر و جرایم محلی در درجه ی اول در میان مهاجران و در درجه ی دوم در میان شهروندان خود هستند، از دهه ها پیش به ساخت مسکنِ مهاجران (در تملک دولت و بخش خصوصی)، مسکن استیجاری (در تملک بخش خصوصی، شامل موسسات خیریه و شرکت ها)، مسکن اجتماعی (در تملک دولت و بخش خصوصی)، مسکن سازمانی (در تملک دولت و بخش خصوصی) و شهرک های اقماری اقدام کرده اند؛ تا بتوانند خانوارهای کم درآمد را از افتادن به زیر «خط فقرمطلق» و در مرحله ی بعد درگیر شدن با «فقر خشن» نجات دهند. هزینه های بالای تولید مسکن و ناتوانی در تامین اعتبار بنابراین در جهان توسعه یافته، سیاستِ قابل پیاده سازی در زمینه تولید مسکن بادوام، آنهم نه در ابعاد آزمایشگاهی که در ابعاد وسیع، به اصلی ترین کلید فقرزدایی تبدیل شده است؛ هرچند که مخالفان سیاست های مداخله گرایانه هر شکل از دخالت دولت در اقتصاد را رد می کنند. با این همه دخالت دولت در زمینه سیاست گذاری و تامین مالی طرح ها ضروری است و تشویق بخش خصوصی و تامین مالی آن برای مشارکت جزء از دست دولت خارج است؛ به ویژه در کشوری مانند ایران که بخش خصوصی توانمندی ندارد. هزینه های تولید مسکن هم نشان می دهد که بدون مشارکت دولت کاری از دست بخش خصوصی برنمی آید. «بیت الله ستاریان» کارشناس بازار مسکن، در این مورد گفته است: «برای فراوری دو میلیون واحد مسکونی ۱۰۰ میلیون متر مربع زمین برای ساخت و ۱۲۰ میلیون متر مربع برای اجرای خدمات جانبی احتیاج داریم. اگر فرض کنیم ساخت هر مترمربع ۵۰۰ هزار تومان هزینه داشته باشد، در مجموع برای فراوری دو میلیون واحد مسکونی، به ۱۱۰هزار میلیارد تومان اعتبار نیاز داریم. این رقم یعنی حدود ۲۵ درصد نقدینگی فعلی کشور.» به همین خاطر طرح های تولید مسکن در تمام کشورها دولت محورهستند. از سویی تهیه مسکن برای نیازمندان، محتاج زمین است. درصد بالایی از زمین های کشور در مالکیت عمومی است. به همین خاطر دولت ها برای تشویق بخش خصوصی به مشارکت در ساخت مسکن حمایتی، زمین با قیمت صفر، تسهیلات کارمزدی یا با بهره های پایین و مصالح با قیمت دولتی را در اختیار آن می گذارند. این کار در نهایت به کاهش هزینه های مداخله می انجامد و بخش خصوصی راهم به تحرک وامی دارد. در این شرایط، به واسطه ی فعال شدن کارگاه های تولید مصالح ساختمانی و اشتغال مجدد کارگران ساختمانی، صدها هزار شغل به وجود می آید. این در حالی است که در ایران باتوجه به گرانی زمین، بالا رفتن نرخ تورم نهاده های ساختمانی، رکود حاکم بر بازار مسکن به دلیل افت تقاضا و نااطمینانی از آینده ی سرمایه گذاری در یک اقتصاد راکد، بخش خصوصی تمایلی به همکاری با دولت ندارد؛ هرچند دولت تلاش می کند با ارائه ی زمین به قیمت صفر، پرداخت یارانه به هزینه های خرید مصالح و تامین تسهیلات کم بهره برای بخش خصوصی به وسیله پرداخت تسهیلات بین بانکی، کار ساخت مسکن حمایتی را جلو بی اندازد؛ اما عواملی مانند ناتوانی بانک عامل تامین کننده هزینه ها، نرخ بالای تسهیلات بین بانکی، نگرانی از رشد حجم نقدینگی در کشور و مشکلاتی که در راه خارج کردن اراضی ملی از دست سازمان، شرکت ها و دستگاه ها وجود دارد، می توانند مانعی سخت در این راه ایجاد کنند؛ ضمن اینکه دولت دوازدهم هم وقت زیادی برای اجرای چنین طرح هایی را ندارد. ابهام درباره آینده طرح اقدام ملی مسکن همین حالا هم که دولت تصمیم دارد ۴۰۰ هزار واحد مسکونی را در قالب در طرح اقدام ملی مسکن به کمک بخش خصوصی (انبوه سازان) بسازد، ابهامات فراوانی در رابطه با شیوه های تامین مالی آن وجود دارد؛ تا جایی که «محمدحسن مرادی» مدیر طرح و برنامه بانک مسکن، یعنی بانک عامل طرح اقدام ملی مسکن، با اشاره به ناتوانی این بانک در تامین مالی ساخت ۴۰۰ هزار واحد مسکونی، گفت: «یک بانک با توجه به متعهد بودن برای عمل به تعهدات قبلی و همیشگی خود نمی تواند به تنهایی و صرفا از طریق اتکا به منابع داخلی خود پروژه های بزرگ مقیاس، همچون طرح ۴۰۰ هزار واحدی اقدام ملی را تامین مالی کند.» با این حال رئیس جمهور تاکید کرده است که دولت کار ساخت ۵۰۰ هزار واحد مسکونی نیمه تمام و ساخت این ۴۰۰ هزار واحد مسکونی را تا پایان دولت دوازدهم انجام می دهد؛ دولت همچنین نسبت به مشارکت بخش خصوصی امیدوار است. رئیس جمهور سال گذشته در مراسم آغاز طرح اقدام ملی مسکن در این باره گفت: «وظیفه دولت تامین بستر و تسهیلات لازم برای ساخت مسکن توسط بخش خصوصی است و از طرفی سوداگری با زمین از مهم ترین عوامل گرانی مسکن است؛ برنامه دولت تامین زمین رایگان برای انبوه سازی مسکن است. با ساختن مسکن توسط دولت مخالف هستم. معتقدم دولت باید برای تهیه مسکن مردم به صحنه بیاید و زمینه ها، شرایط و تسهیلات لازم را برای ساخت مسکن توسط بخش خصوصی، ایجاد کند.» با این اوصاف و با وجود اینکه قرار است، ۲۰۰ هزار از مجموع ۴۰۰ هزار واحد ساختمانی با مشارکت وزارت تعاون، کار و رفاه اجتماعی و وزارت راه و شهرسازی مختص اسکان کارگران بدون مسکن ساخته شوند، کارشناسان حوزه رفاه و مسکن می گویند که دولت باید فکر اساسی تری برای تامین سرپناه برای کارگران و سایر اقشار محروم جامعه داشته باشد؛ چرا که با ساخت ۴۰۰ هزار مسکن تا پایان عمر دولت دوازدهم که کمتر از دو سال از آن باقی مانده، نمی توان خلاء سرپناه را برای مردم پر کرد. Cape Town’daki Star Koleji ile Turkuaz Harmoni Enstitüsü, çevre okullarda eğitim gören gereklilik sahibi öğrencilere sandviç yardımı yapıyor. Gelenekselleşen sandviç yardımları, Cape Town’da eğitim-öğretim yılının başlamasıyla kaldığı yerden devam etti. Turkuaz gönüllüleri ve Star Koleji velileri, iki haftada bir, elleriyle hazırladıkları yaklaşık bin 500 sandiviçi Eğitim Bakanlığı’nın gösterdiği okullardaki yardıma muhtaç öğrencilere ulaştırıyor. Learn something new every day More Info... by email Up until recent years, many doctors and dentists concluded that it was better to avoid pacifiers because pacifier weaning can be so difficult. Recent research suggests potential real health benefits of using pacifiers, including the fact that they may reduce incidence of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Of course, many parents also know that pacifier use can help calm some babies and gives them an opportunity to learn self-calming methods. Pacifiers or binkies may help everyone in a home get a little more rest. On the other hand, pacifier weaning can be very stressful for both child and parents. It can be rough going for a child to give up something that they have come to depend upon for soothing. Many parents initially want to know when they should start weaning. Dentists usually recommend that children not use pacifiers after the age of two, since this can affect mouth shape, and alignment and bite of permanent teeth. Some recommend beginning pacifier weaning gradually a few months before a child turns two. There are different strategies for pacifier weaning. Some people favor a cold turkey approach, where the pacifier simply goes away. Kids who are two or three will certainly ask for and understand that this beloved comforting device is missing, so other people recommend a more gradual approach to weaning that first reduces pacifier use. Once a child is about one year old, you should restrict pacifier times, potentially only using the binkie during sleep times. When the baby is wandering about, watching TV or playing, they shouldn’t have a binkie available to them. After the child adjusts to initial reductions, see where you can reduce further. For instance, sneak in and remove the pacifier at night if the child sleeps through the night. Alternately, have pacifiers at night but not for nap times. This gradual method can help children become less dependent on pacifiers, which makes pacifier weaning slightly easier. It’s a lot harder to wean when a child uses a binkie at all times of the day. It is recommended that when you decide the pacifier should go, you discuss this with your child. You can plan a special party, a gift for when all binkies are gone or have small rewards in place. Don’t plan pacifier weaning around the birth of another child, as this may increase sibling tension. It is usual and expected for children to grieve the loss of pacifiers, especially during the times of the day when they most need them. If pacifiers were used at night, expect a few nights to be sleepless. Children may be very upset and have a challenging time falling asleep. As much as it may be heartbreaking to watch kids endure this loss, giving in won’t help with pacifier weaning. Make sure you have gotten rid of all pacifiers when you start so that you can’t give in when you’re exhausted and would just like your child to stop crying. Parents who have successfully helped kids give up pacifiers note that the first two to three days are hardest. Children may still talk about their binkies thereafter, but they’ve usually learned to get to sleep without them. Offer plenty of support and love for children as they endure this loss, but don’t bring up the subject of binkies unless the child mentions it first. Within a week or two, conversations about binkies are likely to end. One potential foil to pacifier weaning are hidden binkies. Make sure you have gotten rid of them all. Your path to ending the habit won’t be easy if your child has a secret stash of binkies, and some kids do hide one if they are aware that they must give up pacifiers
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(Değişik birinci paragraf: 2/1/2017-KHK-680/16 md.) Kurumda kadro karşılığı sözleşmeli personel çalıştırılabilir. Bu personelin unvanları, sayısı, kadro iptal ve ihdasları, ücretleri, kadrolara uygulanacak ek göstergeler, özel hizmet tazminatı, fazla çalışma ücreti gibi personele sağlanacak her türlü mali ve sosyal haklar, Yönetim Kurulunun teklifi üzerine Bakanlar Kurulunca belirlenir. Kurum personeline sağlanan mali ve sosyal ödemeler ile ücretlerin toplamı, 4/7/2001 tarihli ve 631 sayılı Memurlar ve Diğer Kamu Görevlilerinin Mali ve Sosyal Haklarında Düzenlemeler ile Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ve bu Kanun Hükmünde Kararnameye dayanılarak yürürlüğe konulan Bakanlar Kurulu kararları kapsamında tespit edilen ortalama ücret toplamı üst sınırını geçemez. (Değişik ikinci paragraf: 11/6/2008-5767/8 md.) Ayrıca; özel bilgi ve ihtisasından yararlanmak üzere en çok on Genel Müdür Müşaviri istihdam edilebilir. (Ek paragraf: 13/4/1988- KHK -322/1 md.) Birinci ve ikinci fıkraya göre çalıştırılacaklar, istekleri halinde, T.C. Emekli Sandığı ve Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu ile ilgilendirilirler. Bunlardan T.C. Emekli Sandığı ile ilgilendirilenlerin; 1. Tahsil durumlarına göre giriş ve yükselebilecekleri derece ve kademeleri, (a) bendi hükümlerine göre belirlenir.6272 2. Kazanılmış hak aylıkları, öğrenim durumlarına göre yukarıda belirlenen giriş dereceleri esas alınmak ve yükselebilecekleri dereceyi aşmamak kaydıyla657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanununun 87 nci maddesinde sayılan kurumlarda 18 yaşından sonra geçen hizmetler, hazırlık kıtası ile okul dönemi dahil yedek subaylıkta, yedek subay öğretmenlikte, muvazzaf ve ihtiyat erlikte geçen sürelerin her yılı için bir kademe ilerlemesi ve her üç yıl için bir derece yükselmesi verilmek suretiyle değerlendirilerek tespit edilir. Ayrıca, 1 Mart 1979 tarihinde, 13 Aralık 1960 tarih ve 160 sayılı Kanunun 4 üncü maddesinde sayılan kuruluşlarda görevli bulunanlara 2182 sayılı Kanun hükmüne göre bir derece ilave edilir. Bu fıkrada sayılan T.C. Emekli Sandığına tabi olarak çalışan personelin emekli keseneğine esas aylıkları ile kazanılmış hak aylıkları saklıdır. 3. Emekli kesenek ve karşılıkları; Emekli keseneğine esas aylıkları 8 ve 7 nci derecede olanlar için 100, 6 ve 5 inci derecede olanlar için 150, 4 ve 3 üncü derecede olanlar için 200, 2 nci derecede olanlar için 300 ve 1 inci derecede olanlar için 400 ek gösterge uygulanmak suretiyle hesaplanır. Ancak, daha yüksek ek göstergeli yönetici kadroları karşılık gösterilerek çalıştırılanların emeklilik keseneklerine ve karşılıklarına bu ek göstergeler esas alınır. h) Borçlar Kanunu hükümleri gereğince de sözleşmeli personel çalıştırılabilir. Bunlara (g) bendi hükümleri uygulanmaz. ı) (Ek: 11/6/2008-5767/8 md.; Değişik: 2/1/2017-KHK-680/16 md.) Sözleşmeli personel; Kurumda radyo-televizyon yayın, yapım, teknik ve bilişim hizmetlerini yürütmek üzere Kurumca yapılacak sınavla istihdam edilen, istihdama ve sözleşmeye ilişkin usul ve esasları Yönetim Kurulunca belirlenen yerli veya yabancı uyruklu personeldir. Bu suretle çalıştırılacaklar, sosyal güvenlikleri bakımından 31/5/2006 tarihli ve 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanununun 4 üncü maddesinin birinci fıkrasının (a) bendi hükümlerine tabidir. Sözleşmeli personelin ücreti Genel Müdürün teklifi ve Yönetim Kurulu kararı ile tespit edilir. Kurumun yabancı dilde yayın yapan televizyon kanallarında fiilen çalışanlar hariç, sözleşmeli personelin ücretleri 657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanununun 4 üncü maddesinin (B) fıkrasına göre istihdam edilenlere uygulanan sözleşme ücreti tavanının dört katını geçemez ve bu ücret dışında herhangi bir ödeme yapılamaz. Bu şekilde istihdam edilecek personel sayısı 300’ü geçemez. Ancak, Kurumun yabancı dilde yayın yapan televizyon kanallarında fiilen çalıştırılmak üzere bu sayıya ilaveten 450’yi geçmemek üzere sözleşmeli personel istihdam edilebilir. Bu bentte belirtilen sözleşmeli personel sayıları Bakanlar Kurulu kararı ile artırılabilir. Yabancı uyruklular dışında kalan sözleşmeli personel yönetici kadrolarında görevlendirilebilir. Yabancı uyruklular da sözleşmeli olarak istihdam edilebilir. Bu personelin istihdam, sözleşme usul ve esasları ile ücret miktarı ve her çeşit ödemeleri Yönetim Kurulunca tespit edilir. i) (Ek: 11/6/2008-5767/8 md.) Geçici personel, sosyal güvenlik bakımından 506 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar Kanunu hükümlerine tabi olan, bir yıldan az süreli istihdam edilen ve işçi sayılmayan kimselerdir. Bu statüdeki personelin istihdam ve ücretlerine ilişkin usul ve esaslar Yönetim Kurulunca tespit edilir. j) (Ek: 11/6/2008-5767/8 md.) Türkiye Radyo-Televizyon Kurumu personelinin yurt içinde geçici görevle memuriyet mahalli dışına görevlendirilmesi durumunda, bu personele 10/2/1954 tarihli ve 6245 sayılı Harcırah Kanunu gereğince her yıl Bütçe Kanununda emsali devlet memuru için belirlenen gündeliklerin iki katını geçmemek üzere Yönetim Kurulu kararı ile belirlenen tutarda gündelik ödenir. (Ek: 11/6/2008-5767/8 md.) Kurum personelinin yurt içinde geçici görevle memuriyet mahalli dışına görevlendirilmesi halinde, 6245 sayılı Kanunun 33 üncü maddesindeki on günlük sınırlama dikkate alınmaz. Ayrıca, yurt içi ve yurt dışında görevlendirilenlerin konaklama yer ve ücretlerine ilişkin hususlar Yönetim Kurulu tarafından belirlenebilir. Bu şekilde tespit edilen yerlerde kalanlara gündelikleri yüzde elli oranında azaltılarak ödenir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumunda görevli kadrolu veya sözleşmeli personele, yılda dört aylık ücret tutarını aşmamak üzere Genel Müdürün teklifi ve Yönetim Kurulunun onayı ile ikramiye verilebilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu personeline ücretle fazla çalışma yaptırılabilir. Fazla çalışma esasları ve süresi Devletin diğer personeli için tanınan sürenin iki katını geçmemek, saat ücreti ise Devlet memurları için tanınan miktarlara bağlı kalınmak kaydıyla yönetmelikle tespit edilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu personelinin işe alınma, atanma, yer değiştirme, görevden alınma ve terfi işlemleri Kurum Genel Müdürü tarafından yapılır. Kurumun kadrolarında sanatçı olarak çalışanlar ile sanatçı niteliğinden ötürü Kurumun idareci, uzman şef ve benzeri diğer kadrolarında görevli bulunanlar ile spiker, sunucu ve teknisyenlerden oluşacak bu topluluklara; asli görevlerini aksatmamak şartıyla, yurt içinde ve yurt dışında, Kurumun müzik yayınları amaç ve politikasına uygun hizmet ve faaliyetlerde bulunmak, müziğin tanıtılıp yaygınlaştırılmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla konser, festival ve benzeri sanat faaliyetlerinde Genel Müdür tarafından görev verilebilir. Bu durumda, başka iş ve hizmet yasağına ilişkin hükümler uygulanmaz. Bu görevlendirmeler ikinci görev verilmesi sayılmaz. Bu konuların uygulama usul ve esasları Kurum Yönetim Kurulunca tespit edilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu, personeline, görevleri arasına giren konularda yurt içinde ve dışında eğitim, öğrenim ve ihtisas yapma imkanını sağlar, bu maksatla kurslar açar ve kendi maksatları için personel yetiştirmek üzere kendi kadrolu personeline veya, 8 Nisan 1929 tarih ve 1416 sayılı Kanun hükümlerine göre, öğrencilere burs verebilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumunun düzenlediği hizmet içi eğitimlerde ya da oluşturacağı danışma kurulları ile memur alımı maksadı dışında teşkil edilecek sınav jürilerinde ve hazırlayacağı programlarda, gerektiğinde yükseköğretim kurumlarının öğretim elemanlarından ve diğer eğitim kurumlarının öğretim görevlilerinden yararlanılabilir. Kurumun sürekli kadrolarında çalışanların Kurumun asli fonksiyonları ile ilgili konularda üniversite ve yüksekokullarda öğretim üyesi veya yardımcısı olarak görev almalarına, her derecedeki resmi öğretim kurumlarında öğretmenlik yapmalarına, esas görevlerini aksatmamak şartıyla Genel Müdürün teklifi üzerine Yönetim Kurulunca izin verilebilir. Bu görevlilerin Yönetim Kurulu kararı ile Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu ortaklıklarında görevlendirilmeleri de mümkündür. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu görevlilerinin, asli görevlerinin dışında Kuruma bağlı radyo ve televizyon postalarında yapacakları yayın ile Kurum içerisinde verecekleri dersler için kendilerine yayın ve ders başına ödenecek ücretlerin azami haddi ile bu personelin çalışmaları ile ilgili esaslar yönetmelikle tespit edilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu, personeline kira karşılığında lojman olarak tahsis edilmek üzere yatırım programları dahilinde mesken yaptırmaya ve satın almaya, kalkınmada öncelikli yörelerde Maliye Bakanlığının uygun görüşü üzerine mesken kiralamaya yetkilidir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu personelinin işe alınmasındaki usul, şartlar, atanma, terfi, nakil, işe son verme, disiplin cezaları ve sicil ile ilgili konuları personel yönetmeliğinde düzenlenir. Kurum hizmetlerinin tanımı, bu hizmetlere atanacaklarda aranacak özel nitelikler ve atama şartları bir yönetmelik ile düzenlenir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu; idari, mali ve teknik konularda Başbakanlık Yüksek Denetleme Kurulunun denetimine tabidir. Başbakan, Kurum ile ilgili olarak belli bir hususun incelenmesini Yüksek Denetleme Kurulundan isteyebilir. Yüksek Denetleme Kurulunun, "yıllık" ve "ara" raporlarında Kurumun; idari, mali ve teknik işlemler ile ilgili olarak bazı konuların teftiş ve tahkiki, temenni olunduğu takdirde, Başbakanın tensibi ile Maliye Teftiş Kurulunca yapılır. Başbakanlık gerektiğinde rapor sonuçlarını adalet mercilerine sevk eder. Radyo ve Televizyon alıcı cihazlarının imal ve ithalinde, Radyo ve Televizyon Yüksek Kurulunun görüşü alınmak kaydıyla Sanayi ve Ticaret Bakanlığı ile Hazine ve Dış Ticaret Müsteşarlığınca müştereken hazırlanacak yönetmelikle tespit edilecek standartlara uyulması zorunludur. Bu standartlara uymayan cihazların imal ve ithaline bu Bakanlık ve Müsteşarlıkça izin verilmez. Ancak Bilim ve Teknoloji Yüksek Kurulunca onaylanmış araştırma, geliştirme faaliyetleri kapsamına giren prototip imalat ve bu imalat maksadıyla yapılacak ithalat, bu hükmün dışındadır. İthalat ve imalatçılar, ithal veya imal ettikleri cihazların tanımları için gerekli her türlü teknik nitelik ve bilgileri, kullanma açıklamalarını ve montaj şemalarını ithalat veya imalat yapıldığında, model değişikliği veya cihaz üzerinde tadilat yapılması halinde derhal bu değişiklik veya tadilata ilişkin belgeleri, Radyo ve Televizyon Yüksek Kuruluna bildirmekle yükümlüdürler. Radyo ve televizyon verici cihazları 5 Nisan 1983 tarih ve 2813 sayılı Telsiz Kanunu hükümlerine tabidir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumunun malları ve her çeşit mevcutları Devlet malı sayılır. (Değişik : 6/7/1999 -4397/3 md.) Kurumun verici ve stüdyolar ile program iletim sistemleri gibi yayın ile ilgili bina ve tesislerinin güvenliği ve korunması İçişleri Bakanlığının sorumluluğu altındadır. Ancak, Türkiye Radyo Televizyon Kurumu gerektiğinde 2495 sayılı Bazı Kurum ve Kuruluşların Korunması ve Güvenliklerinin Sağlanması Hakkında Kanun çerçevesinde özel güvenlik teşkilatı oluşturabilir. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumunun kuracağı her türlü tesisler için gerekli taşınmaz malların kamulaştırılmasında, "Kamu yararı" kararı Yönetim Kurulunca alınır. Bu kamulaştırmalarda, Devlet ihtiyaçları için yapılan kamulaştırmalarla ilgili diğer hükümler uygulanır. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu radyo ve televizyon tesislerini birlikte çalıştırmak için bunlar arasında veya bunlarla geçici sabit veya gezici transmisyon yerleri arasında telekomünikasyon tesisleri kurmaya ve işletmeye yetkilidir. Kurum, bu tesislerin kurulmasında ve işletilmesinde 5 Nisan 1983 tarih ve 2813 sayılı Telsiz Kanunu hükümlerine tabidir. Bu Kanunun 6 ncı maddesi gereğince hazırlanacak yönetmelik, Radyo ve Televziyon Yüksek Kurulunca hazırlanır ve Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girer. Bu Kanun gereğince hazırlanacak diğer yönetmelikler, Türkiye Radyo Televizyon Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğünce hazırlanır, Yönetim Kurulu onayı ile ve Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girer. Aşağıda belirtilen fiilleri işleyenler, bu fiilleri başka bir suçu oluştursa bile ayrıca bu madde hükümlerine göre de cezalandırılırlar: a) (Mülga : 12/1/1989 -3517/7 md.)6275 b) (Mülga : 4/12/1984 -3093/7 md.) c) (Mülga : 4/12/1984 -3093/7 md.) d) 58 inci maddenin birinci fıkrası hükümlerine aykırı olarak standartlara uymayan cihaz ithal veya imal edenler üç aydan bir yıla kadar hapis cezası ile cezalandırılırlar. 58 inci maddenin ikinci fıkrasında belirtilen mecburiyetlere uymayan her türlü radyo ve televizyon alıcı cihazlarını imal ve ithal edenler iki aydan altı aya kadar hapis, yüzbin liradan beşyüzbin liraya kadar ağır para cezası ile cezalandırılırlar. 24 Aralık 1963 tarih ve 359 sayılı Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu Kanunu ile657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanununun ek geçici 10 uncu maddesi ve bunların ek ve değişiklikleri yürürlükten kaldırılmıştır. Diğer kanunların bu Kanuna aykırı hükümleri Kurum ve personeli hakkında uygulanmaz. Türkiye Radyo - Televizyon Kurumu haber, program ve teknik hizmetlerinde (vardiya hariç) fiilen görev yapan personele 3056 sayılı Başbakanlık Teşkilatı Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamenin Değiştirilerek Kabulü Hakkında Kanunun Değişik 31 inci maddesine göre, Başbakanlık Merkez Teşkilatında çalışan memurlara ödenen miktar ve nispetlerde ve aynı esaslar dahilinde fazla çalışma ücreti ödenir. Bu Kanunda öngörülen yeni teşkilat düzenlemeleri nedeniyle kaldırılan, birleştirilen, ismi veya yapısı değiştirilen birimlerde unvanlı/unvansız olmak üzere; Daire Başkanı, Başkan, Üye, Başkan Yardımcısı, Bölge Müdürü, Bölge Müdür Yardımcısı, Müdür, Şube Müdürü, Müdür Yardımcısı, Genel Sekreter, Genel Sekreter Yardımcısı, Savunma Sekreteri, Başuzman ve Uzman (Teknik Hizmetler Sınıfı Hariç) kadrolarında bulunanların görevleri ile Kurum Genel Müdür Uzmanlarının görevleri, bu maddenin yayımı tarihinden itibaren en geç üç ay içinde sona erer ve eşit dereceli Araştırmacı unvanlı kadrolara atanırlar. Söz konusu personel, Kurumca ihtiyaç duyulan hizmetlerde görevlendirilebilir. Anılan personelin; bu maddenin yürürlüğe girdiği tarihteki unvanları esas alınarak 15/1/2008 tarihi itibarıyla bu unvana göre belirlenmiş olan ücret (fazla mesai ücreti hariç) ve özel hizmet tazminatı toplam net tutarının (bu tutar sabit bir değer olarak esas alınır); atandığı yeni kadronun ücret (fazla mesai ücreti hariç) ve özel hizmet tazminatı ve benzeri adlarla yapılan her türlü ödemelerin toplam net tutarından fazla olması halinde aradaki fark tutarı, fark kapanıncaya kadar herhangi bir vergi ve kesintiye tabi tutulmaksızın ayrıca tazminat olarak ödenir. İsteğe bağlı unvan değişikliği olanlar ile başka kurum ve kuruluşlara geçenlere fark tazminatı ödenmesine son verilir. En son görev yapılan kadroya ilişkin olarak ek göster-6276 ge ve/veya makam tazminatını hak
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宣稱,“那些認為蘇聯的經濟和社會已到崩潰邊緣,外力再推一把,它就會滑落懸崖的美國人,只是開自己的玩笑。” 另一位美國左派經濟學家加爾布雷思(John K. Galbraith)1984年去莫斯科訪問回來,極力讚美蘇聯的社會主義經濟成就,解釋說,“蘇聯的制度能夠成gong,在于它能夠集中使用全部的人力資源。”曾有保守派評論家毫無客氣地回擊說,什麼是“全部的人力資源”,難道是指“古拉格”? 面對西方左派對紅色蘇聯的推崇和讚美,里根堅定地回答:蘇聯正處于“巨大的革命危機”,“全球性的自由運動”將一定會勝利。 “自由和民主的行進......將使馬列主義成為歷史灰燼。” 在里根堅持強大國防,研制導彈防御之際,西方左派們在巴黎發動了幾百萬人的反核大遊行,要求美國首先凍結和銷毀核武器。這就等于要求美國解除武裝,任由共產蘇聯宰割。英國當代歷史學家保羅.約翰遜(Paul Johnson)在鞭撻西方左派的名著《知識份子》中詳細揭示了薩特、羅素、西蒙波娃等領導反美反核示威,朝拜共產蘇聯的丑態。最新史料揭示,當年巴黎的反核示威,是共產蘇聯背后出錢支持和發動的。所以,說西方左派是共產黨的同盟軍一點也不為過。 挑戰當年佔絕對主導地位的西方左派輿論,對政治家來說,是需要超人勇氣的。無數政治家為了選票而不敢得罪左派輿論。但里根就是不向左派輿論讓步,堅持把保守主義理念付諸實踐。他的名言是:“別去聽他們的。”結果他卻是大贏!在競選連任時,贏得了50個州中49州的選舉人票,成為美國歷史上勝選差別最大的總統。這個記錄很難被打破,因為那得贏全部50個州,這幾乎是不可能的。 里根勇氣體現的第三個方面是,即使被稱為“激進派”,也不向本黨內的折衷派、動搖派妥協,就是一路堅持推行理念到底。不向左派低頭不易,不向本黨妥協派低頭有時更不易。來自內部的阻礙最容易讓人瘸腿。 里根上任后就提出美國歷史上最大幅度的減稅議案,把最高個人所得稅率削去42個百分點。但美國經濟並沒有馬上復蘇,反而第二年更陷入衰退。最后他的內閣成員挺不住了,想打退堂鼓,連他的主要助手也覺得不能繼續了。但里根執意堅持,絕不動搖。最后減稅政策發生了奇跡般的作用,促使了美國經濟復蘇和強勁發展,不僅抑制了通貨膨脹,並為美國創造了1900萬個就業機會。 里根國內政策的三大目標是:減稅,經濟復蘇,平衡預算。他卸任時,前兩項都達到了,但卻留下龐大赤字,因他一直堅持強大國防,建構現代軍力。雖然赤字問題迄今仍受到左派非議,當時也被本黨的人質疑,但里根力排眾議,堅信靠實力才能贏得和平,才能遏阻蘇聯的擴張,保障自由。在里根執政下,美國不斷增加軍費,建造了世界上最強大軍力。小布什前總統的演講撰稿人弗魯姆(David Frum)說,回過頭來看,里根以強大軍力為后盾贏得了冷戰的勝利,赤字只是很小的代價,是戰爭“花銷”,完全值得。世界最強大的軍力是美國,這是自由世界的保障。否則世界將不可想像! 里根的勇氣體現的第四個方面是,他不追求時髦,不迎合民調,不隨波逐流,而是只要認準對人民和國家有利的理念,哪怕逆流而上,也從來不為增加自己的“人氣”而放棄原則,展示了一個“偉人”的氣魄。 里根演講稿撰寫人努南(Peggy Noonan)寫道:“在里根的一生中,很多時候當公眾輿論在一個方向的時候,他卻逆潮而行,游向另一個方向。他為此付出各種代價,連他本黨的領袖都說他狂熱和激進。但他不抱怨,好像嘴裡咬着繩子,向前拽、拉,最后整個國家跟隨了他,抵達安全的海岸。” 在里根卸任總統一年之后,柏林牆就倒塌了。兩年后,莫斯科紅場上的鐮刀斧頭旗降落了,蘇聯帝國解體。1991年,在波斯灣,美國用里根執政時建造起來的強大軍力,壓倒優勢地打贏了越戰之后的首次戰爭。隨后,歐洲的全部共產政權一個接一個地倒台了,里根所預言的共產主義被掃進歷史垃圾堆,變成了現實。 曾與里根並肩抵抗共產主義的前英國首相撒切爾夫人評價說 :“里根總統依賴強大的信念支柱,在自由正后退的時刻,他啟航在世界範圍內擴大自由,而且他成gong了!”“在熱愛美國的力量驅使下,他提升了整個世界。 第三,里根的樂觀和幽默。 除了智慧和勇氣之外,里根的第三個特質,是他的樂觀幽默和單純。他的反對者也承認,他永遠帶着微笑,以喜悅的心情看待人生和美國。在得了“失憶癥”向美國人民告別之際,他說將開始自己生命的夕陽之旅,但“美國的前面永遠是太陽升起的早晨。”所以他最喜歡形容說,美國是“山頂那閃亮的城市”,是所有被奴役的人民的燈塔和希望。 上述里根傳記作者李.愛德華茲之所以說20世紀前五十年是“羅斯福時代”,是因為羅斯福領導美國人民走出了“經濟大蕭條”和二戰的陰影;而20世紀后五十年之所以被稱為“里根的時代”,是由于里根領導美國人民走出了“心理大蕭條”(great psychological depression)和冷戰的陰影。因為20世紀后半葉,美國發生了肯尼迪被暗殺,馬丁路德.金被暗殺,水門丑聞,越戰失敗......而里根的樂觀主義,給了人民希望,重振了美國的信心。 愛德華茲比較說,民主黨的羅斯福和里根有根本不同,羅斯福尋求擴大政府gong能來解決問題,但里根卻把眼光投向人民,他的名言是,“政府不能解決問題,政府本身就是問題。”美國兩黨不僅解決問題的方法不同,對國家現實的看法也不同。幽默的里根說,“共和黨把每一天都當成7月4日(國慶節/歡樂),而民主黨把每天都看成4月15日(繳稅日/痛苦)。”而且還逼人繳稅。 樂觀的人,更可能富有幽默感。里根的幽默幾十年來都被人津津樂道。即使在他的葬禮上,從現任總統到他的兒女,都用里根的幽默,把哀痛變成歡笑,在歡笑中更懷念那個給人帶來快樂和信心的里根。 幽默是打破等級和尊卑的最好方式,更是人類溝通的奇妙手段。但即使在美國這種自由的文化中,也不是很多人都有幽默感,雖然“笑星”是美國大眾最歡迎的人物。里根不僅僅是天性富有幽默感,他還刻意發展這種本領,經常拿小本記下那些笑料和軼事,在演講或聊天中娛樂大家。他不僅自己樂觀,也要把快樂帶給其他人。 他的不少經典幽默曾被電視反復播放。例如,他競選連任時已經73歲,他的對手則是比他年輕很多的蒙代爾。在電視辯論時被主持人問道,怎麼面對自己的年齡問題時,他一本正經地回答道:“我將不會佔我的對手年輕和缺乏經驗的政治便宜。”連蒙代爾都忍不住哈哈大笑。 里根也開自己年齡的玩笑,有一次在英國一座15世紀的大樓裡演講,他說,“與比我更老的東西在一起真讓我感覺舒服。這次我當選總統,就是美國試圖向我們的歐洲表兄展示,我們美國也是尊重古物的。” 他遭槍擊后,在被送上手術台之際,還不忘幽醫生們一默:“我希望你們都是共和黨。”而醫生的回答真正體現了美國人在關鍵時刻是一個整體的精神,他們說,“總統先生,今天我們都是共和黨!” 里根不僅有即興的幽默,也愛講笑話,比如他最喜歡講的一個笑話是,有些政治家就像兩個野營的人,遇到了一個黑熊要沖過來,他們其中一個迅速坐下來換運動鞋,他的伙伴看着他說,難道你認為自己能跑過黑熊嗎?那個換好鞋的人站起來說,我不需要跑過黑熊,我只需要跑過你。 前國會共和黨領袖金里奇說,里根的樂觀和幽默,給了他獨特的溝通能力。就像每個打籃球的人都想成為喬丹,每個保守主義者都想成為里根,可惜里根的很多本事是別人無法模仿的,那是一種氣質和超凡的能力。 但左派卻最願意指責這個喜歡講笑話的總統“不夠智慧”、“頭腦簡單”。他們根本不明白,單純,不僅是里根的特質之一,也是他成gong的一個重要因素。里根的心和頭腦,都更像一個孩子,永遠沒有成熟到長老繭,總是如童話般的世界那樣,把世界分成善和惡,黑和白(從不強調“灰色地帶”),然后積極樂觀地去承擔“義人”的道德責任,對抗邪惡。 從來都喜歡讀書的里根,卻從不像文化人那麼頭腦複雜、故作高深,也對知識份子頗有微言。前述里根演講稿撰寫人努南說,“里根並不是不喜歡知識份子,他心目中的英雄經常是知識份子,從建國之父們,到(諾獎得主/自由經濟學家)弗里德曼(Milton Friedman),哈耶克和索爾仁尼琴。但他不喜歡自己同時代的知識份子,覺得他們基本上都是漿糊腦袋。他認為20世紀的很多知識份子都是高智商的、悲觀的小精明者。他對奧威爾(《1984》作者)的觀點有一個直覺上的認同:一種獨特而很蠢的理論,往往只有知識份子相信它。” 努南接着寫道,“里根認為,20世紀后半葉的左翼學院派知識份子們,總是傾向于把自己纏繞進巨大而複雜的蜘蛛網中,不僅自己陷進去,還把整個人類也帶進去。而那些從馬克思到布隆伯瑞(Bloomsbury,反傳統的左翼象牙塔學者團體),到韋布們(Beatrice and Sidney Webb,該夫婦創辦倫敦經濟學院,是費邊學社要角),到20世紀從哈佛到耶魯的美國左派們——那些繁忙地編織複雜網絡的蜘蛛們——則是在這個世界上活過的最愚蠢的高智商者。” 第四,里根的俠骨柔情。 除了智慧、勇氣、樂觀幽默和單純的特性之外,里根生命中的第四個重要特質是:愛的能力。人們常以“愛情是男人生命的一部份,但卻是女人生命的全部”來形容女人比男人愛得熱烈、愛得執著、愛得持久。但對于改變了美國和世界的里根總統來說,愛情也是他生命的全部。他說,愛是他的心臟。誰能說心臟不是生命的全部呢?在那個令無數人感動、羨慕、讚美的愛情故事中,里根不僅證明了男人可以具有和女人同樣偉大的愛,同時揭示了男人改變世界的動力和源泉。 里根的第一場婚姻由于電影明星的妻子反對他對政治的熱衷而結束。而他的第二次婚姻則哺育了那個美麗而偉大的人生。曾在圖書館讀到一本南希編輯的書信集《我愛你,羅尼》(I Love You, Ronnie),裡面主要收集的卻是里根寫給南希的情書。雖然從有關里根的傳記作品中得知,里根很有寫作能力,經常大段大段地修改或重寫白宮撰稿人給他寫好的演講稿,很多成為常被引用的名句,但沒想到他的情書寫得更動人。他對妻子的痴迷,一生都像個初戀的小伙子: “一個男人不能離開心而活,而你就是我的心。” “我們是那樣的一個整體,你對我的重要性,就如同我自己的心臟,但有一個例外,你永遠不能被人工心臟所替代。” “我巧擁有一個情人節般的生命(Valentine life)......你看我的選擇多麼有限,要麼是情人節般的生命,要麼是沒有生命。” 在他們25週年的結婚紀念日,里根送南希一副手套做禮物。他在賀卡上寫道,“我希望這副手套能溫暖你的手,就像過去25年來你一直溫暖着我的心。” “你給我的禮物是沒法買保險的,因為沒有估價人可以給個價碼。誰能估出我要回家時那種興奮和期待的感情的市場價格?誰能估出我無法不加快步伐、迎接第一眼看到你時那種感覺的價格?僅僅是早晨醒來,都成為一種溫暖的愜意,因為你在身邊。而這棟房子沒有你的時候,是那樣荒涼。” 里根對妻子的愛,更表現在许多小事上。例如,他由于工作繁忙,有時不知道妻子喜歡和需要什麼,于是在南希過生日或他們結婚紀念日之前,就悄悄地去向南希的助手或好友詢問,南希需要什麼?而南希的好友經常也不知道,就又跑去問南希,並泄漏了里根的秘密。而南希在收到丈夫的禮物時則一副毫不知情的歡天喜地。一個歐.亨利的《麥琪的禮物》般偉大的真實故事。 左傾的主流媒體上有過不少關于南希的負面報導,導致不少人對南希過于干涉里根的事務而印象不佳。其實很多人沒明白的是,南希不是在干政,而是在盡全力保護里根的形象。她當然清楚媒體和內閣人員對她的批評,但為了保護丈夫的形象,她寧可自己形象受損。 人們都知道里根是個只顧兩件大事(反對共產主義,縮小政府規模),而不顧小節的人,他甚至會把自己內閣人員的名字都叫錯。他同时又是那種天性樂觀,什麼也不擔憂的人,所以有人說,里根什麼都不擔心,而南希是什麼都擔心。如果沒有南希那麼前后左右,細心地呵護照料,里根的不拘小節不知會帶來多大的麻煩。和里根相比,南希的形象是弱小的,但在塑成里根今天“光輝形象”紀念碑的每一塊彩色石子上,都有南希的精心雕琢,正如她在葬禮上一邊親吻那面覆盖丈夫的美麗國旗,一邊用手撫摸、拂平那上面的一絲皺紋。一個偉大的妻子,一個上帝送給里根的最好的禮物。最理解並擁抱了這一切的里根,也把自己在這個世界上最好的禮物留給了相伴52年的妻子: 在病重的最后幾年裡,里根不僅喪失了全部記憶,也認不出任何親人了。在生命垂危的最后五天裡,他一直都沒有睜開過眼睛。女兒帕蒂描述說,父親最后咽氣之際,卻突然睜開了眼睛,盯著南希,“眼睛不是混濁或茫然,而是清澈湛藍,滿懷愛意。”南希堅信,在那一刻,里根認出了她;這最后的凝視,是里根走前送給她的“最好的禮物”。 他如願被安葬在“里根總統圖書館”所座落的山頂,每天居高
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be restored to its former glory. So the Ottomans tried fundamentalism. They imposed onerous burdens on Jews and Christians, temporarily dispensing with the religious openness of their social organization. They banned alcohol and tobacco, and persecuted non-orthodox Muslims, such as the Sufis. However, these religious policies -- the timeless toolbox of Islamists -- failed to restore Ottoman strength. Western powers and Russia crushed the Ottomans even more severely in wars in the 18th century than they did before the rise of the Kadizadeli movement. The Ottomans slowly and painfully realized that religion does not ensure political greatness. This string of humiliating losses prompted a process of introspection in the 18th century. The Ottoman sultans decided to westernize their state in an effort to catch up with the rising powers of Europe. In the late 18th century, Sultan Selim III, a contemporary of Napoleon, initiated these efforts by westernizing the Ottoman military, and his successors in the 19th century continued to restructure the Empire's bureaucracy and educational system, giving way to progressive concepts such as women's education, joining the European concert of nations, and secular courts. Religious matters increasingly fell under the control of the state. These reforms shaped the environment that produced the father of modern European Turkey in 1923, Kemal Ataturk, an Ottoman military officer from a modest family background, trained in the Empire's schools under a secular Western curriculum. When the Empire collapsed at the end of World War I, the Allies occupied the Ottoman Empire. Ataturk first led a successful campaign between 1920 and 1922 to liberate Turkey, then pushed for deep reforms to fully secularize the country. He abolished what remained of the Sharia in the Ottoman court system, instituted a completely secular public education system, and declared full equality between women and men. In a break from the Ottoman approach, he banished religion to the private domain. In foreign policy, Ataturk embraced the notion of Turkey's European nature even more openly than the Ottomans, pivoting the country away from the Middle East. That lasted until very recently. After coming to power in 2002, Erdogan sought to roll back the Kemalist legacy. The AKP elites claimed that Kemalism's strict separation of religion and state was unnatural and deemed public displays of piety, such as government employees donning the headscarf, completely acceptable. In the foreign policy sphere, they focused on re-engaging the Middle East and cementing Turkey's status as a regional Sunni power. But Erdogan did not stop there. He appears intent on uprooting the Ottoman legacy of Westernization and reinstating Islam to a central role in politics, almost harkening back to the wayward Kadizadeli movement. Alluding to 19th-century Ottoman reforms, Erdogan recently said, "For 200 years, they tried to tear us away from our history and from our ancestors. They tried to get us to disown our claim." Erdogan's recent policies suggest that this is not mere rhetoric. In December 2014, Turkey's Higher Education Council, a government regulated body, issued a policy recommendation suggesting that mandatory courses on Islam be taught to all students as young as six in public schools. The foundations of secular education in Turkey are in grave danger. The number of Imam Hatip Schools -- publicly funded schools that follow a religious curriculum -- has more than doubled, from 493 in 2010 to 1,017 in 2015. As of 2014, students who fail to gain entrance to the country's small number of prestigious high schools are automatically enrolled in Imam Hatip Schools. Increasingly, good quality secular education is becoming off limits to average Turkish students. Ataturk could not have been raised in today's Turkish school system. Erdogan has also taken worrying positions on gender equality. In November 2014, he claimed, "You cannot make women equal to men. It is against creation...it is against nature." There is little room for women in politics in Erdogan's Turkey. This stands in stark contrast to Ataturk's Turkey, where 36 percent of academics and 28 percent of judges and prosecutors were women, according to a 2000 report by TUSIAD, a Turkish business think tank based in Istanbul, and government statistics. And although Turkey still has a secular constitution, the government has made a habit of subjugating freedom of expression to religion. Fazil Say, a renowned Turkish pianist, was sentenced to 10 months in prison in 2013 for "defaming Islam." His crime was retweeting lines lampooning religious orthodoxy. Freedoms of expression and media are unfortunately in free-fall in Erdogan's Turkey. In 2002 when the AKP came to power, Turkey ranked 99th in press freedom among the 139 countries surveyed by Reporters without Borders. In 2015, the country ranked 149th out of 180 nations surveyed by the same organization. Finally, Erdogan has made religion the focus of Turkish foreign policy. This is manifest in its relationship with an array of Islamist groups including Hamas, conservative Syrian rebel factions, and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt and Libya. As a result, Turkey faces newfound threats from Islamist extremism as demonstrated by recent Islamic State (IS) attacks in the country, including a January 12th IS suicide bomber that targeted Istanbul's old city, the home of the Ottoman sultans. In making Islam the guiding principle of Turkish politics, Erdogan could soon find himself in competition with radical and violent elements about the definition of "true Islam." What will become of Ataturk's Turkey under Erdogan? The closest, though imperfect, analogy is Mao Zedong's legacy in China. Everything in today's diehard capitalist Chinese society screams "I hate Mao!" Yet the former leader's pictures are still plastered all over the country. In essence, the country's leaders exploit his image as the country's liberator and a source of legitimacy, but strip the country of his core legacy. Erdogan is seeking something similar. His Turkey is as far as it can get from being secular in politics and education, European-minded in foreign policy, and respectful of gender equality in domestic issues. The late Ottoman sultans and Ataturk alike would be shocked if they could visit Erdogan's Turkey. While Erdogan will continue to chip away at the legacy of Ataturk -- still a revered figure of liberation -- and the westernizing Ottoman sultans, their statues will continue to adorn town squares, providing the current government a facade of legitimacy. Soner Cagaptay is the Beyer Family Fellow and director of the Turkish Research Program at The Washington Institute. Medicaid regulations change fairly often, and it can be pretty challenging for beneficiaries to keep up with them. While the Medicaid web site has all of the information, it can be difficult to navigate, and the people who the program targets, the lowest incomes people in the US, might have difficulty attaining access or understanding the information provided about Medicaid regulations. Facts about Medicaid regulations - While Medicaid is mainly a health coverage plan for low income individuals, it has been expanded to include special assistance to people with disabilities pregnant women, and children. - The Federal government works together with the individual states to operate the program, providing the bulk of the funds while operating though state agencies. - Some of the policies are optional, and different states therefore offer different Medicaid programs. People with the same income level and other factors will be or not eligible for Medicaid or some of its programs depending on the state in which they’re living. - Some programs have an opt-in program for people who have disabilities and are working. - CHIP is a program that covers children who are above the cutoff for Medicaid eligibility. - There can be no premium charges for beneficiaries who are at less than 150% of the federal poverty level. - Out of pocket costs are limited to 5% of the beneficiary’s family income. - Medicaid beneficiaries have the option to enroll in private managed care plans. Some of these work through comprehensive coverage plans while other work with a fee for service program. While Medicaid is a program aimed at low income individuals, the vast majority of its funding goes toward the elderly What ACA has added to Medicaid The Affordable Care Act, enacted in 2010, made sweeping changes to the Medicaid program. It raised the minimum for non-elderly adults to be eligible for the program to 138% of the federal poverty level, which is currently $17,236 for an individual. However, states have the option for adding in this “Medicaid expansion,” and right now, there are 14 states that have not adopted the measure. The ACA covers “essentail health benefits” such as preventive services, greater mental health coverage, and services for substance abuse treatment. Other optional services Aside from the Medicaid expansion under the ACA, there are various programs that are optional for states to offer. Some of these include: - prescription drug programs - physical therapy - free eyeglasses - free or subsidized dental care Long term care There are several long term care options that the program pays for depending on the patient’s level of need and income bracket. They support individuals staying at home and living independently through home and community based services (HCBS) and they also support institutional care at skilled nursing facilities such as the Alameda Center in Essex County, New Jersey. long term care at skilled nursing facilities account for about 43% of Medicaid expenditures for long term care, a huge change from only two decades ago, when institutional care accounted for 82% of Medicaid expenditures on long term care. The Alameda Center works with Medicaid to provide excellent service to patients on the program. Speak to one of our representatives to see how we can give you the care that you need, whether your needs are short term or long term. Global trade is estimated to have reached US$32 trillion in 2022. The sheer number of tons of merchandise included in these figures is mind-boggling to think about, to say nothing of the logistics involved in moving all that merchandise around the globe. Luckily, systems and structures have been built to simplify trade and to support the exchange of goods between countries. An example is the harmonized tariff system (HTS), which offers a categorization and standardization system for all goods that are imported into foreign countries. Is It a Plane? Is It a Bird? What Is The HTS and How Does It Work? Customs officials in over 200 countries use these codes to identify the types of goods coming into the country in order to determine the applicable tariffs, taxes, and duties that must be paid. The system is set up in a way that first classifies all goods into a broad category (i.e. apparel) and then drills down into more detailed subheadings (i.e. men’s cotton t-shirts). For example, a men’s t-shirt made of cotton would be assigned the code 6109.10. The 61 represents apparel, 09 indicates that it’s a t-shirt, and the 10 is for cotton. Using these standard codes, almost every tradeable item can be easily identified in detail. The six-digit harmonized schedule code (HS) is determined by customs officials who receive a description of the product and its intended use from the importer. These codes are used and recognized by all countries that use the HTS. Well, Almost: HS Codes vs HTS Codes Just to complicate things a little bit, many countries (including the US) add additional digits to the original HS code to create a more specific classification system unique to their specific country. In the US, for example, the harmonized tariff schedule (HTS) code is 10 digits long, with an additional 4 digits added to the HS code. Using the same example as above, the HTS code for men’s cotton t-shirts in the US would be “6109.10.00.12.” The 00 would indicate additional details about cotton garments and the 10 would provide additional information about the style, size, or intended use of the shirts. Because the last four digits of HTS codes in the US are specific to US tariff policies and regulations, they may be different from those used in other countries. We Have a Code. Now What? Determining the code is the easy part. Next, the code is used by the customs officials to apply any duties and regulations to the import. They also have to identify whether or not it’s necessary to consult with any government agencies that have jurisdiction over certain products. These agencies, known as Partner Government Agencies (PGA), include the Food and Drugs Authority (FDA) and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) along with approximately fifty others. It is their responsibility to ensure public health and safety as well as environmental protection, and they oversee the importation of products that may have an impact in these areas. It is important for importers to be familiar with the PGA that oversees their products as imports can be refused or penalties can be charged if their particular regulations are not followed. Many PGAs require certain permits or additional documentation that the importers must provide. Keeping Count: How the HTS Assists with Quotas A second important role that HTS plays is in helping countries to manage and regulate their quotas. Many countries limit the quantity of certain products during specified time periods, and they use HTS codes to keep track of these products and determine when the quota has been reached. Let’s say there is a textile product with the HTS code 6302.99.10. If the US has set a quota of 10,000 units of this product for the current year, they can use the HTS code to keep track of how many products have been imported. Once the quota is reached, any additional products with the same HTS code will either be refused or (more likely) imported at a higher tariff rate. The US is one country that regularly uses quotas to regulate imports and ensure that they remain competitive. For example, the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) puts quotas on dairy, eggs, and poultry. The US also has quotas on raw cane and refined sugar, cotton products from China, and certain types of cheese from France. Quotas can be placed on particular goods as well as on certain locations. What You Need To Know About Classifying Your Goods (HTS Code Lookup ?) It’s very important that the correct information is supplied to the customs officials so that they can assign the right HTS code. The accuracy and efficiency of trade operations relies on this system working well, so it is critical for importers to understand the HTS system and check and double-check the information they give to the officials. Because the codes are updated periodically due to changes in technology or industry practices, it is important to stay on top of it and keep track of any changes in the codes related to your goods. This is extra important as providing false or inaccurate information can lead to a product being classified with the wrong HTS code. This, in turn, can result in the wrong amount of duty being assessed as well as the incorrect application of other trade restrictions or regulations. The end result is a nightmare for the importer, including financial penalties, clearance delays, and reputational damage. The Harmony Comes Afterwards While the HTS can seem daunting, by investing time and effort into accurately classifying your goods, you can streamline your importing process, reduce risks and costs, and ultimately grow your business. To make your life easier, we’ve developed the BINA classifier, a free text to HTS Code AI tool designed to help you navigate your import business. Want to be among the first to know when BINA becomes available? Sign-up now! 稀罕,稀奇罕见的意思,引申为因稀奇罕见而喜欢或重视。稀罕人的意思就是你是个与众不同且有趣或有才华的人,他被你所吸引了,他非常喜欢你。 如果是大人对小孩说稀罕你,就表明
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cylindrical brush technology. Floors that benefit the most from cylindrical brushes are: - Safety floors - Vinyl tiles - Entrance matting - Rubber studded There are three key factors of cylindrical cleaning that make it a more effective method for deep scrubbing of these floors. Firstly, cylindrical scrubber dryers feature an increased brush speed. The Solaris scrubber dryer has a brush speed of 750rpm compared to the average rotary brush speed of 200rpm or 400rpm. Secondly, cylindrical brushes provide increased contact pressure with the floor, providing a deeper scrubbing action. Lastly, pads used with disc cleaning rotaries pass over grout lines and crevices; whilst cylindrical brushes reach down to clean the dirt and debris, providing improved cleaning results of these areas. Although cylindrical cleaning machines such as scrubber dryers may be more suitable for the uneven and ‘difficult’ floors mentioned above, both disc and cylindrical cleaning offer great cleaning results and cost-effective benefits. Choosing between the two truly depends on your cleaning requirements. If you require versatility between cleaning tasks, then disc cleaning rotaries are the best option. However if you require a deep scrubbing between grout lines and ‘difficult’ floors, then cylindrical machines such as scrubber dryers are the best solution. Schedule a demonstration today to see the amazing results of cylindrical cleaning. - Waste generation and management - Transboundary waste shipments - Key Waste streams Every year, End of life vehicles generate between 8 and 9 million tonnes of valuable waste in the Community. In 1997, the European Commission adopted a Proposal for a Directive which aims at making vehicle dismantling, reuse, recovery and recycling more environmentally friendly. Directive 2000/53/EC sets out clear quantified targets for reuse, recycling and recovery of vehicles and their components and also pushes producers to manufacture vehicles with a clear view to their recyclability. End-of-Life Vehicles recycling and recovery rates are the most relevant data because of the reporting requirements and targets set out in the ELV Directive. To provide some context the total quantity of ELV waste generated is also given. To understand the magnitude of the waste stream, and the issues associated with it, it is helpful to know the total number of ELVs and the volume of waste that is generated. Total waste generation is mainly a factor of the size of the Member State. Data relating to individual Member States, in the same format as that submitted by the competent authority to Eurostat, is also provided here: The Directive stipulates that Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the following targets are attained by economic operators: - no later than 1 January 2006, for all end of life vehicles, the reuse and recovery shall be increased to a minimum of 85 % by an average weight per vehicle and year. Within the same time limit the reuse and recycling shall be increased to a minimum of 80 % by an average weight per vehicle and year; - no later than 1 January 2015, for all end of life vehicles, the reuse and recovery shall be increased to a minimum of 95 % by an average weight per vehicle and year. Within the same time limit, the re-use and recycling shall be increased to a minimum of 85 % by an average weight per vehicle and year. The Importance of Meditation Why do people remain unfulfilled despite having all kinds of comforts and conveniences? Sadhguru explains that the significance of being human is in striving to transcend limitations, which is what makes meditation important in human life. What Meditation Means Meditation or dhyana means to go beyond the limitations of the physical body and the mind. Only when you transcend the limited perspective of the body and mind do you have a complete dimension of life within you. Your body is just a heap of food you have eaten. Your mind is just a heap of impressions you have gathered from the outside. When you are identified as the body, your whole perspective of life will be about survival. When you are identified as the mind, your whole perspective is enslaved to the social, religious, and family perspective. You cannot look beyond that. Only when you become free from the modifications of your own mind will you know the dimension of the beyond. This body and this mind are not yours. They are something that you have accumulated over a period of time. Your body is just a heap of food you have eaten. Your mind is just a heap of impressions you have gathered from the outside. What you have accumulated is your property. Like you have a home and a bank balance, you have a body and a mind. A good bank balance, a good body, and a good mind are needed to live a good life; but they are not sufficient. No human being will ever be fulfilled by these things. They will only make life comfortable and conducive. If you look at us as a generation, never before could another generation even dream of the kinds of conveniences and comforts we have. But we cannot claim we are the most joyful or loving generation on the planet. Meditation - A Scientific Tool to Transcend the Body and Mind Your instruments of the body and mind are okay for survival, but they will not fulfill you because the quality of a human being is to seek something more. If you do not know who you are, are you capable of knowing what the world is? You can experience the true quality of who you are only if you transcend the limitations of your body and mind. Yoga and meditation are scientific tools towards this. Unless you go beyond the limitations of the body and mind, your life will not be fulfilled with just eating, sleeping, reproducing, and dying. All those things are needed in your life, but our life is not complete even if you have fulfilled all these things. This is because the quality of a human being has crossed a certain boundary of awareness. It has to seek something more, otherwise it will never be satisfied. It has to become unlimited—and dhyana or meditation is a way of moving into the unlimited dimension of who you are. |Sadhguru is a yogi, mystic, and visionary, and a prominent spiritual leader. An author, poet, and internationally renowned speaker, Sadhguru is the founder of Isha Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to human wellbeing. (www.isha.sadhguru.org) Enjoyed reading Khabar magazine? Subscribe to Khabar and get a full digital copy of this Indian-American community magazine. blog comments powered by Disqus What is the lottery? A lottery is a game of chance wherein a person chooses a number to win a prize. Different countries endorse or outlaw lotteries. Other governments regulate them. It is a form of gambling that raises money for various causes. Here are some of the common misconceptions about lotteries. Read on to learn more. We’ll also examine how it works. In the United States, lottery players win a lot of money every year. Lottery is a gambling game that raises money The history of lotteries can be traced back to the ancient Chinese, when the Han Dynasty began to use lottery slips to fund major government projects. In fact, the Chinese Book of Songs mentions a lottery as “drawing of wood” or “drawing of lots.” Although many governments endorse lotteries, others outlaw them. A scandal involving Louisiana lottery officials led to the government outlawing the game. The Louisiana lottery was also banned nationwide after extensive bribery was discovered. In 1890, the U.S. government made mail lotteries illegal. It invoked the Commerce Clause to prevent the shipping of lottery tickets and advertisements across state lines. It is a form of gambling The lottery is a popular form of gambling where players buy tickets and enter a draw for a chance to win cash or prizes. Winnings from a lottery can be used for anything from medical care to sports team drafts. While it is a form of gambling, it is generally legal to offer prizes based on chance or promotional schemes that require consideration. A large percentage of lottery profits go to good causes, making it a popular way to support local charities. The lottery has many uses in modern society, from military conscription to commercial promotions to selecting jury members for elections. In modern times, a lottery must be legal to operate. Governments may also use lotteries to raise money for their own purposes, including raising revenue. In most cases, a lottery is legal in Europe. However, people should be over the legal age to enter. Regardless of how much one wishes to win, it is still a form of gambling. It is a form of gambling that raises money While a lottery is a form of gambling, the primary purpose is to distribute prizes and money to players. Lotteries can be both profitable and popular. While many state governments are skeptical of the benefits of lotteries, most allow them to raise money for good causes in the public sector. In essence, a lottery is a random drawing of tickets that results in the selection of a single winner or a group of winners. The results of a lottery can be extremely unpredictable, but the process is generally fair and efficient and can ensure a fair outcome for all participants. Lotteries have a long history in human history and are mentioned in the Bible. In the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, lotteries were commonly held in Europe. In 1612, King James I (1566-1625) of England established a lottery to provide funds for a new colony in Jamestown, Virginia. The popularity of lotteries grew and soon, lottery funding became tied to public use. The oldest lottery in the western world is the Staatsloterij in the Netherlands. The word “lottery” comes from a Dutch noun meaning fate. Amerika Savunma Bakanı Donald Rumsfeld, üst düzey el Kaide liderlerinin İran’da faaliyette olduğunu söyledi. Tahran ise, suçlamaların dayanaksız olduğunu savundu. Bakan Rumsfeld, İran’da el Kaide liderlerinin varlığı konusunda şüphe bulunmadığını söyledi. Bu arada Los Angeles Times gazetesi, Riyad’daki bombalı saldırılardan sonra Amerika’nın İran’la diyalogu kestiğini bildirdi. İki ülke arasında, Irak ve Afganistan’la ilgili olarak, bir süredir Cenevre’de görüşmeler yapılıyordu. 小鹰号航母免费赠送印度? 美国一箭多雕 美国长驻西太平洋地区的“小鹰”号航母今年下半年将正式退役,近日印度媒体指美国提出赠送“小鹰”号,其后又有报道指印度故意发放消息,目的是向俄罗斯施压。无论消息是否属实,“馈赠”的建议对美国而言是一箭多雕的方案,既可赢得更多军售订单,又可以在印度洋留下影响力,更可以加强制衡俄罗斯与中国。 香港《亚洲时报》文章称,印美两国早在两年前就围绕这次“馈赠”开始谈判,显示赠送“小鹰”号的报道并非毫无根据。按时间推算,很可能是印度总理辛格2005年访问华盛顿的,美国总统布什向他提出的,而影响深远的美印民用核协议也是在该次访问中敲定的。从美国可能获得的利益分析,布什政府建议有条件向印度馈赠“小鹰”号,可能性看来颇高。 首先,美国可以从中获取丰厚的军售利益。“小鹰”号是一艘老旧的常规动力航母,作战能力只有60年代的水平,退役后如何妥善处置是美国海军面对的一个难题。要寻找良好买家的话,必先要进行一系列维修工作,需要不少金钱及时间;况且,现今世上正在筹建航母战斗群的国家寥寥无几,考虑及不会增加敌方军力,印度对美国而言可以说是绝无仅有的合适买家。 “馈赠”整艘航母听来非常慷慨,但这肯定是一个抛砖引玉的建议。因为是“馈赠”,美国可以无须在交付前进行修复,可节省一大笔金钱,而且还极有可能从印度取得为“小鹰”号更新技术及设备的合约。但最重大的军售利益,还是“馈赠”所附带的条件,即印度须购买舰上65架F-18战斗机,而且一旦“小鹰”号进入了印度海军编制,印度将需要购买更多的美国战机,未来五年购买新型战机的220亿美元预算,大部份将成为美国的囊中之物。 其次,透过馈赠“小鹰”号予印度,美国可以打击印度与俄罗斯的盟友关系,这符合美国的地缘政治策略。自前苏联时代开始,俄罗斯已经是印度的最大武器供应国,两国关系密切。但近年俄印在围绕出售“戈尔什科夫”号航母的问题上闹得极不愉快,首先传出俄罗斯大幅涨价,由最初的15亿美元狂涨到现在的20亿美元,理由是“需要安装更多新系统”;其次是交付日期由2010年延后到2012年或2013年,使交易陷于拉倒边缘。 若印度收下“小鹰”号,不但原先价值15亿美元的俄印舰母交易泡汤,就连相连的、超过20亿美元的米格-29K战斗机交易也会拉倒,势必影响俄印关系,这对美国无往不利,因为一个与俄罗斯疏远的印度,可有助美国抗衡俄罗斯与中国在亚太地区的影响。 再者,印度一旦取得“小鹰”号,其海军力量会大大提高,可进一步确在南亚及印度洋地区的领导地位,而“小鹰”号日后的日常维护难免牵涉美国海军,这样俨如将印度海军也纳入了美军的势力范围,也令美军在印度洋有了一个战略存在,美国近年苦心经营的围堵中国策略,将可以更有效发挥。 据报印度军方有人反对接受美国这份大礼,因为“小鹰”号太老,更新工程或可能是一个“无底深潭”,而且俄罗斯在航母交易中给予印方军方人士丰厚的“回赠”,这点美国无可能办到。政治上,不但印度国内的反美势力会施加压力,国际上法国、瑞典及欧盟等战斗机出口国,也会极力阻止印度接受美方的大礼,防止印度的战斗机市场成为美国的囊中之物。看来“小鹰”号退役后的前景如何,现时仍难以论断。 - اخبار اجتماعی - به گزارش خبرنگار اجتماعی خبرگزاری تسنیم ، اعمال مدرک تحصیلی معلمان، چند سالی است که به استناد بخشنامه سال 1393 سازمان مدیریت وبرنامه ریزی کشور با محدودیت مواجه شده و به نوعی بلاتکلیف است. با ورود مجلس شورای اسلامی نیز این مسئله حل نشد و مصوبه مربوط مدت زیادی است که بین صحن مجلس و شورای نگهبان در رفت وبرگشت است. بخشنامه سال 1393 سازمان مدیریت وبرنامه ریزی کشور در خصوص ضوابط احتساب آثار استخدامی مدارک تحصیلی اخذشده توسط کارمندان در حین خدمت و محدودیت در اعمال مدارک تحصیلی معلمان یکی از رویدادهایی است که در تضاد آشکار با مفاد سند تحول بنیادین و نقشه جامع علمی کشور است. «توسعه مستمر شایستگی ها و توانمندی های اعتقادی، تربیتی، علمی و حرفه ای فرهنگیان» یکی از 15 راهبرد کلان سند تحول بنیادین است. راهبرد کلان (2) نقشه جامع علمی با مضمون، توجه به علم و تبدیل آن به یکی از گفتمان های اصلی جامعه در راهبرد ملی شماره (4) دولت را مکلف به «ارتقای منزلت و صلاحیت حرفه ای و مرجعیت علمی و اجتماعی معلمان، استادان، پژوهشگران و فناوران» نموده است. علاوه بر سند تحول و نقشه جامع علمی کشور، «افزایش مستمر شایستگی ها و توانمندی های علمی، حرفه ای و تربیتی فرهنگیان» در سیاست های کلی ایجاد تحول در آموزش وپرورش مورد تأکید قرار گرفته است. با وجود تأکیدات اسناد بالادستی بر «مرجعیت علمی معلمان» و افزایش مستمر شایستگی ها و توانمندی های علمی آنان، سازمان مدیریت با نادیده انگاشتن این موارد، اعمال مدرک تحصیلی معلمان را که بخشی از فرایند ارتقای علمی و دستیابی آنها به مرجعیت علمی است، محدود کرد. بعد از اعتراضات
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i ile yumuşatmayı denerseniz, Düz bir kek veya çözülmüş bir kurabiye ile sonuçlayabilirsiniz. Bitmiş üründe başarıyı sağlamak için bu bileşenler için özel tarifleri takip edin. Ve benÖzellikle yapay tatlandırıcılarla çalışırken daha güçlü bir lezzet profiline sahip tarifler bulmaya çalışın. O Şekersiz Fıstık Ezmeli Kurabiye Splenda gibi bir toz tatlandırıcı kullanır, ancak birincil aroması fıstık ezmesidir. bitter çikolata, kahve, fıstık ezmeli tatlılar, Veya çok fazla baharat damak tadınızın merkezinde olacak, böylece şekerdeki değişikliği vanilin veya narenciye tatlıları kadar kolay fark etmeyeceksiniz. düşük carb dmakale Çok iyi çalışan birçok besleyici, erişilebilir, düşük karbonhidratlı ikame var. Tatlıların çoğunu beyaz ve buğday unları sağladığından, yapıya biraz nötr bir tat veren fasulye, çırpılmış yumurta akı, Veya alternatif un. Birden fazla un şirketi ile alerjisi veya diyet kısıtlaması olan kişilerin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamakAnyon, bazı iyi ikameler yaptılar, ancak tüm un ikamelerinin karbonhidratları düşük olmadığından hedeflerinizi aklınızda bulundurun. Tüm un türlerinden daha fazla protein ve daha az karbonhidrat sağlayan bir alternatif için badem unu veya nohut unu (besan veya besan olarak da bilinir) kullanan tarifleri arayın. Duble Çikolatalı Nohut Hamurlu Kurabiye Bazen yumurta ile. Düşük karbonhidratlı un ikamelerinin çoğunun glütensiz olduğunu unutmayın, bu nedenle alternatif unları daha eski bir tarifte doğrudan değiştirmemelisiniz. Gluten, her amaca uygun unda bulunan, ancak düşük karbonhidratlı un ikamelerinin çoğunda bulunmayan bağlayıcı, yapısal bir proteindir, bu nedenle bir un ikamesi, içerik bölümünde hayati buğday glütenini açıkça listelemedikçe, bu malzemeleri kullanamazsınız. gluten eksikliğini telafi eden tarifleri takip etmek. Bu sizin için işe yaramazsa ve benzer bir oran seçeneğini tercih ediyorsanız, deneyebilirsiniz. Arrowhead Mills Protein Unu ya da kendin yap düşük-karbonhidratlı un A Family Fest’in bu tarifi ile bağlayıcı olarak ksantan sakızı kullanmak. AlınmışnedenRio Fasulye ve tatlı patates hakkında yeterince konuştuğumuzu sanmıyorum. Senin ortalama tatlı şeylerin değil-Tatlı patatesler yapsa da mükemmel bir dondurma-ancak İkamede aradığımız birçok özelliği sağlarlar: bağlama, yapı, biraz nötr lezzet, undan çok daha az karbonhidrat ve besinlerin, lifin ek faydası ile tereyağı ikamesi, ve protein. Tatlı patatesler ve olgunlaşmış muzlar tatlı oldukları için bu alanda özellikle yararlıdır. Doğal olarak oluşan şekerlerle, eklenen bileşenleri önemli ölçüde azaltabilirsiniz. Bu ikameler, daha kompakt tatlılara çok iyi uyum sağlar, bu nedenle kek veya kurabiye gibi normalde yoğun ve şekerli olanları arayın. benim favori tarifim siyah fasulye çikolata Live Eat Learn’den olanlar süper çikolatalı ve porsiyon başına çok az yağ ve şeker var. fasulyeleri, tatlı patatesleri saklama hilesi, Ve muzlar? Kediyi onlardan karıştırın. Şekersiz, yağsız veya karbonhidratsız lezzetli bir lezzet arıyorsanız, Tarçınlı Baharatlı Tatlı Patates Suflemi deneyin: Tarçınlı Baharatlı Tatlı Patates Sufle (verim: 5 adet 6 ons ramekin) Bileşen: - 1 paketli kap (9 1/2 ons) pişmiş tatlı patates - 2 yemek kaşığı akçaağaç şurubu - 1 yemek kaşığı badem sütü - 3 yumurta sarısı - 1 tutam tuz - çk öğütülmüş tarçın - çk öğütülmüş hindistan cevizi - 4 yumurta akı - 1 tatlı kaşığı eritilmiş tereyağı (kabakları yağlamak için) - İsteğe bağlı: toz için şeker, ince öğütülmüş hindistan cevizi gevreği veya badem unu Fırınınızı önceden 375°F’ye ısıtın. Her ramekinin iç kısmına ince bir tabaka eritilmiş tereyağı sürün. Geleneksel olarak, ramekinin içine biraz toz şeker serper ve suflenin “tırmanması” için ince bir kumlu şeker tabakası oluşturmak için onu döndürürdünüz. Rafine şekeri bu tarifin dışında tutmak istiyorsanız, badem unu veya ince öğütülmüş hindistancevizi gevreği (tadını ve hassas dokusunu seviyorum) veya biraz daha az puf için granül bir kaplama kullanabilirsiniz. Küçük bir mutfak robotunda tatlı patatesleri, akçaağaç şurubunu, badem sütünü, yumurta sarısını, tuzu, tarçını püre haline getirin, ve hindistan cevizi kabarık ve ipeksi pürüzsüz olana kadar. Patates parçalarının kalmaması için karışımı sıyırıp tekrar karıştırdığınızdan emin olun. Tatlı patates karışımını orta boy bir kaseye aktarın. Bir el mikseri veya ayaklı mikser ile yumurta aklarını zar zor sert tepeler olana kadar çırpmak için çırpma aparatını ve gıcırtılı temiz bir kaseyi kullanın. Yumurta akı parlak olmalı, kuru olmamalı ve bir noktaya kadar hafifçe bükülmelidir. Buradaki fikir, yumurta aklarını sınırlarında olmayan hava kabarcıkları üzerinde tutmaktır, böylece fırında ısı ile genleşmek için hala küçük bir alana sahip olurlar. Kauçuk bir spatula ile, çırpılmış yumurta aklarını bir seferde üçte bir tur tatlı patates karışımına yavaşça katlayın. Son üçte birlik kısımla, son beyaz çizgiler kaybolana kadar yumurta aklarını katlayın. Sufle hamurunu hemen hazırladığınız ramekinlere dökün. Üstleri düzleştirmek için bir bıçak veya düz bir spatula kullanın ve 375°F’ye kadar düzeltin. koymak fırın. 17-20 dakika ya da kenarları kabarıp hafifçe kızarana kadar pişirin; Kenarlardaki hava kabarcıkları artık ıslak görünmemelidir. Tadını çıkarın veya pudra şekeri veya bir tutam akçaağaç şurubu ile süsleyin. Sağlık hedefleriniz ne kadar yüksek olursa olsun, ara sıra lezzetli tatlılarla kendinizi şımartmak ilerlemenizi mahvetmez. Biraz dikkatli ikame ve anlayışla, evet, siyah fasulyeli kekiniz en sevdiğiniz fırının iki parça tereyağından farklı bir tada sahip olacak ve Dört bardak şeker versiyonu-ve o Tamam-Bu yıl kendinizle ekstra gurur duyma yolunda ilerliyorsunuz. به گفته دولت و کارفرمایان، اگرچه دستورالعمل مخابرات در دوران کرونا لغو شد، اما آژانس ها می توانند در مورد سیستم مخابراتی و حضور کارکنان مطابق با شورای وزیران سال 2010 تصمیم بگیرند. اما در آینده بخشنامه ای مبنی بر وجود کارگران با رنگ های مختلف صادر می شود که نه تنها کرونا بلکه نگرانی های دیگری از جمله آلودگی هوا را نیز شامل می شود. به گزارش دانا نیوز، به تازگی اداره و آژانس استخدامی در خصوص لغو بخشنامه در نوامبر 2016 مخابرات و مناطق زرد، نارنجی و قرمز که مبتنی بر حضور کارگران در جریان حادثه کرونا هستند، وارد عمل شده و تصمیم گرفته اند که کارگران را از اول مهرماه به طور کامل فعال نگه دارند. صدرایان، رئیس اداری و استخدامی، در مورد چگونگی روند لغو بخشنامه و نحوه تغییر روند حضور توضیح داده شد. مادران کودکان زیر 6 سال ممکن است کارمند تلفن باشند، اما هیچ دستورالعملی برای مدرسه ابتدایی وجود ندارد پس از لغو بخشنامه اخیر، معاونت امور زنان و خانواده ریاست جمهوری عوارضی را برای کودکان زیر شش سال و مادران دوره ابتدایی ایجاد کرده است. رئیس سازمان اداری و استخدامی گفت: موضوع مربوط به بنگاه و ادارات است. این اتصال ارائه شده و به دستگاه ها اعلام می شود. به گفته صدرایان، مادران کودکان زیر شش سال بر اساس قانون مخابرات مصوب ۱۳۸۹ از امتیازات ویژه ای در مخابرات برخوردارند، اما برای مادران دارای فرزند دبستانی استثنایی وجود ندارد. بخشنامه مخابرات با استناد به اطلاعیه ستاد ملی کرونا لغو شد. به گفته وی، در پی بررسی مدار در ارتباط با لغو مخابرات، کانال مخابراتی وی در آبان ماه سال گذشته بر اساس اعلام ستاد ملی کرونا در حال حاضر مطابق با مصوبه کشوری لغو شده است. وضعیت مناسب توسط نهادهای مربوط از جمله ستاد کرونا ، وزارت بهداشت ، وزارت کشور و آژانس اداری و استخدامی تعیین شده است. هنگامی که از او پرسیدند چرا تصمیم گرفت با تمام کارکنان مشارکت کند ، بررسی کارکنان در مورد روند ایمن سازی نشان می دهد که تعداد بسیار زیادی از آنها تا 100 درصد از دو واکسن استفاده کرده اند. در عین حال ، افرادی که یک دوز مصرف می کنند ، اغلب پس از مصرف اولین دوز دچار بیماری عروقی می شوند و باید در دوز دوم فاصله را رعایت کنند ، یا نمی توانند طبق دستور پزشک واکسن را دریافت کنند. در نتیجه نسبت به سال گذشته تعداد مراجعه کنندگان به بیمارستان یک پنجم کاهش و تعداد پرسنل افزایش یافته است. سازمان ها بسته به شرایط همچنان می توانند از خدمات مخابراتی استفاده کنند. وی همچنین یادآور شد که برخی از سازمان ها و تجهیزات از دسترس همه کارکنان خارج بوده و فاصله در این مورد نامرئی بوده است. پروتکل های بهداشتی و کلیه تجهیزات هنوز می توانند در تصمیم شورای وزیران در سال 1389 ، در مورد شرایط مخابرات ، زیرساخت های لازم برای مخابرات و شرایط خود آنها ، این روش را تعیین و اجرا کنند. مخابرات. دستورالعمل جدیدی برای یک وضعیت جدی حتی چراغ قرمز آلودگی در حال تدوین است وی خاطرنشان کرد: در صورت راه اندازی مجدد ویروس کرونا ، امکان تغییر رنگ مناطق و صدور دستورالعمل های جدید وجود دارد. واکسنها زودتر از اینها به رنگ قرمز در نمیآیند، اما این شرکت در حال انجام تحقیقاتی است تا راهنمای جدید و کاملتری برای حضور کارگران در شرایط غیربحرانی و قرمز از جمله آب و هوا ایجاد کند. آلودگی و قرمزی مخابرات کارگران خواهد بود. وی گفت: این سازمان باید از ابتدای مهرماه بر ورود کارگران واکسینه نشده نظارت داشته و از مطابقت تمامی تجهیزات با تجهیزات و پروتکل های بهداشتی اطمینان حاصل کند. مدارات مدیریت و استخدام و مراکز کنترل آنها باید بر موضوع نظارت داشته باشند و کارکنان می توانند موضوع را به مقامات نظارتی گزارش دهند. انتهای پیام/ انتخابات مجلس ۱۴۰۲ در چه ماهی است؟ در ایران، روند انتخابات از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است، زیرا به شهروندان این امکان را می دهد تا از طریق آرای خود در شکل دادن به آینده کشور مشارکت داشته باشند. یکی از رویدادهای مهم در تقویم سیاسی ایران، انتخاب اعضای شورا است. در این مقاله به این سوال می پردازیم که انتخابات مجلس ایران در سال ۱۴۰۲ چه زمانی است؟ برای روشن کردن زمان و روند انتخابات. زمان برگزاری انتخابات شوراهای اسلامی سال ۱۴۰۲ در ایران انتخابات شوراها و مجلس در ایران برای انتخاب نمایندگان در سطوح محلی و شهرداری ضروری است. این انتخابات بخشی اساسی از ساختار دموکراتیک ایران است و تضمین می کند که مردم در حکومتداری فراتر از سطح ملی صدای خود را دارند. اما مدت زمان انتخابات مجلس در سال ۱۴۰۲ چه ماهی است؟ اهمیت انتخابات شورا در سال ۱۴۰۲ انتخابات مجلس ۱۴۰۲ جایگاه ویژه ای در جدول زمانی سیاسی ایران دارد. این فرصتی را برای شهروندان فراهم می کند تا اعضای جدیدی را انتخاب کنند که نقشی حیاتی در شکل دادن به سیاست ها، رسیدگی به مسائل محلی و کمک به پیشرفت کشور ایفا کنند. روند انتخابات روند انتخابات ایران با دقت طراحی شده است تا اصول دموکراتیک را حفظ کند. از ثبت نام نامزدها تا مبارزات انتخاباتی، رایگیری و اعلام نتایج، هر مرحله از یک رویه ساختاری پیروی میکند که انصاف و شفافیت را تضمین میکند. زمان برگزاری انتخابات مجلس در سال ۱۴۰۲ زمان برگزاری انتخابات شوراها در سال ۱۴۰۲ در ایران به طور ذاتی با تقویم فارسی مرتبط است. ایران از تقویم هجری شمسی استفاده می کند که بر اساس رصد نجومی حرکت خورشید است. این تقویم شامل ۱۲ ماه است و برای رویدادهای مختلف فرهنگی و مذهبی از جمله انتخابات استفاده می شود. در تقویم ایرانی، هر ماه دارای اهمیت فرهنگی و تاریخی است. ماه ها به دو دسته تقسیم می شوند: ماه های دارای ۳۱ روز و ماه های دارای ۳۰ روز. علاوه بر این، یک سال کبیسه به نام «کبیسه» هر چهار سال یک بار معرفی می شود تا تقویم را با سال شمسی هماهنگ کند. در سال ۱۴۰۲ انتخابات نماینده مجلس در تاریخ جمعه ۱۱ اسفند ۱۴۰۲ برگزار خواهد شد. تعیین ماه انتخابات انتخابات شورای شهر و نماینده مجلس ۱۴۰۲ قرار است در یکی از ماه های تقویم فارسی برگزار شود. برای تعیین دقیق ماه، عوامل مختلفی از جمله اعیاد مذهبی، شرایط آب و هوایی و ملاحظات اداری وارد عمل می شوند. ملاحظات مذهبی ملاحضات دینی و اعیاد مذهبی تأثیر عمیقی بر برنامه ریزی انتخابات مجلس دارد. هدف مقامات این است که اطمینان حاصل کنند که انتخابات با رویدادهای مذهبی بزرگ منطبق نیست تا به شهروندان اجازه دهند بدون هیچ مانعی در آن شرکت کنند. آب و هوا آب و هوای متنوع ایران نیز در انتخاب ماه انتخابات نقش دارد. برخی ماهها ممکن است از نظر شرایط آبوهوایی مطلوبتر باشند و ترتیبات لجستیکی نرمتر و مشارکت بیشتر رایدهندگان را ممکن میسازند. مقدمات اداری برای برگزاری یکنواخت انتخابات به آمادگی های اداری گسترده نیاز است. این شامل راه اندازی مراکز رای گیری، آموزش کارکنان و اطمینان از برقراری تمام جنبه های لجستیکی است. ماه انتخابات برای فراهم کردن زمان کافی برای این آمادگی ها انتخاب شده است. سخن پایانی زمان برگزاری انتخابات مجلس ایران در سال ۱۴۰۲ تصمیمی پیچیده است که تحت تأثیر عوامل متعددی از جمله ملاحظات مذهبی، آب و هوا و آمادگی اداری قرار دارد. شهروندان مشتاقانه این رویداد را به عنوان فرصتی برای استفاده از حقوق دموکراتیک خود و کمک به حکومت محلی خود پیش بینی می کنند. روند انتخابات ایران که عمیقاً در فرهنگ و تاریخ ملت ریشه دارد، نشان دهنده تعهد به دموکراسی و نمایندگی است. شما به عنوان یک کاندیدای مجلس میتوانید از خدمات طراحی سایت انتخابات تا زمان انتخابات، از شرکت ماهونیا برای تایید صلاحیت شدن استفاده نمایید. سوالات متداول آیا می توانید اهمیت تقویم فارسی در انتخابات ایران را توضیح دهید؟ تقویم فارسی که به آن تقویم هجری شمسی نیز می گویند، نقش تعیین کننده ای در تعیین زمان برگزاری انتخابات ایران دارد. این یک نشانگر فرهنگی و تاریخی است که برنامه ریزی رویدادهای مهم را هدایت می کند. ملاحظات مذهبی چه تأثیری بر ماه انتخابات دارد؟ اعیاد مذهبی در ایران اهمیت زیادی دارد. ماه انتخابات برای جلوگیری از همپوشانی با رویدادهای مهم مذهبی انتخاب شده است و به شهروندان امکان می دهد تا به طور کامل شرکت کنند. آیا روند انتخابات در ایران باز و شفاف است؟ روند انتخابات ایران به گونه ای طراحی شده است که باز، شفاف و منصفانه
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kritik önem taşıyor. Springfield'ler ve Enfield'ler, tüfekleri, namlularının içinde açılmış spiral oluklar sayesinde yeni bir çağın silahlarıydı. Kaptan Minié'nin katkısı, bu tüfekler için mükemmelleştirdiği kurşundu. Silindirikti ve ateşlendiğinde içi boş tabanının kenarı, tüfek oluklarına sıkıca oturmak için dışa doğru açıldı, bu daha sonra namludan çıkarken mermiye bir dönüş verdi. Yeni tüfekler, eski yivsiz tüfekler gibi ağızdan doldurmalı tüfeklerdi, ancak menzil ve isabet açısından avantajları önemliydi. Askeri tarihçiler, bu tüfeklerin (bunlar arasında Edward Hagerman'ın) modern savaşı başlattığını ve savunan orduya, birliklerini toplu olarak, onaylanmış Napolyon tarzında dirsek dirseğe ilerleten bir saldırgan üzerinde belirleyici bir avantaj sağladığını iddia ediyor. Saha tahkimatları kısa sürede savaş alanlarına hakim oldu ve 1864-65 siper savaşı, Batı cephesinin I. İç Savaş muharebelerinin, uzun menzilden ziyade, aslında çok yakın mesafeden - düzgün menzilde - kararlaştırıldığını söylüyor, ortalama bir asker ateş ederken tekil olarak hatalıydı ve bunun nedeni, yivli tüfek değil, taktiklerin hatalı uygulanması ve zayıf liderlikti. savaşın çoğunun kararsız sonucu için. Taktik olarak, İç Savaş oldukça eski modaydı. Griffith, bu sonucu, “taktiksel parçacıklar” olarak adlandırdığı şeye, yani katılımcıların savaşın cesur ayrıntılarına ilişkin açıklamalarına dayandırıyor. Grant ve Lee arasında 1864'te Wilderness'ta verilen mücadele gibi, yeni tüfeklerin çok az fark yarattığı savaşlara işaret etmekte kesinlikle haklı. Elbette suç, 1862'de Fredericksburg'da Potomac Federal Ordusunu heba eden Ambrose Burnside ve 1864'te Tennessee Konfederasyon Ordusunu Franklin ve Nashville'de paramparça eden John Bell Hood gibi generallere düşüyor. Bununla birlikte, taktiksel snippet'i çok sınırlıdır ve bu, hem yivli tüfeğin ana etkisini hem de toprak işlerinin arkasından savaşan tüfek silahlı Yankee'lerin ve Asilerin öldürücü ateş gücünü hafife almasına yol açar. “Toprak işleri, Amerikan askerine herhangi bir özel mistik avantaj sağlayamazdı” diye yazıyor, “... ya da daha önce sahip olmadığı gizli nişancılık becerilerini ortaya çıkaramadı.” Sert kanıtlar aksini iddia ediyor. Basit bir sağduyu, güvenli bir savunma pozisyonundaki bir adama her şutu saymasını, yoksa kendisini koruyan pozisyonu kaybedeceğini söyledi. Açık alandan yapılan bir saldırıya karşı savunmada, büyük ölçüde geliştirilmiş isabet oranları kadar önemli olan Springfields ve Enfields'in daha uzun menzili değildi. Yeni veya "modern" olan, bu tüfeklerin neden olduğu anlık katliamdı. Antietam'daki Batık Yol'da, Konfederasyonlar tüfeklerini bir çit korkuluğuna dayadılar ve bir şarj Federal hattını birbiri ardına verimli bir şekilde parçaladılar. Bir saldırının bir Asi subayı, "Birkaç istisna dışında tüm cephe hattı, tüketen patlamada çöktü" dedi. Fredericksburg'da, tekrarlanan saldırılarda hiçbir Yankee, taş bir duvarın arkasına güvenli bir şekilde yerleştirilmiş olan Asi hattının yüz metre yakınına yaklaşamadı ve çoğu, bu kadar yakınına bile yaklaşamadı. Pickett'in Gettysburg'daki ünlü suçlamasında, Federal piyade iki yüz yarda ateş açtı ve saldırıyı hızla mahvetti. Gerçek şu ki, İç Savaş savaşı 1861 ve 1865 arasında kökten değişti ve Napolyon Bull Run savaş alanında evindeyken, dört yıl sonra Petersburg'daki siperde tanıdık hiçbir şey bulamayacaktı. Edward Hagerman'ı ilgilendiren, İç Savaş'taki değişimin bu evrimsel karakteridir. Griffith'ten çok daha büyük bir tuval üzerinde çalışıyor ve savaşın modernliğini tanımlarken daha geniş sonuçlara ulaşıyor. Bu kitap için Hagerman, ağırlıklı olarak bilimsel dergilerdeki makalelerinden yararlandı ve okuması asla kolay olmadı. Lojistik ve komuta organizasyonu ve kurumsal yapılara da sürekli odaklanması da söz konusu değildir. Yine de burada söylemek zorunda olduğu şey önemlidir ve Paddy Griffith'in kendini kandırmasına izin verdiği "havadar genellemeler" için (kuru olsa da) gerekli bir düzelticidir. Hagerman'ın "modern savaşın tarihsel kökleri" dediği şeyi oluşturan şey, Grant'in 1863'te Batı tiyatrosunda başlattığı ve Sherman tarafından 1864 ve 1865'te Georgia ve Carolina'da mükemmelliğe getirilen stratejiler, taktikler ve lojistik yeniliklerdi. Bu iki general, “düşmanın kaynaklarına, iletişimine ve iradesine karşı modern bir topyekûn savaş stratejisini başarılı bir şekilde sürdürmek için oyalama, dağıtma ve sürprizden yararlandı” diye yazıyor. Napolyon bu değişiklikleri hemen fark etmemiş olabilir, ancak ileriye dönük komutanların çoğu kesinlikle onları onaylardı. Savaş ve Sonrası Üzerine Hemingway Araştırmacılar, John F. Kennedy Başkanlık Kütüphanesi'ndeki Hemingway arşivlerine öncelikle Ernest Hemingway'in orijinal el yazmalarını ve ailesi, arkadaşları ve yazar arkadaşlarıyla yazışmalarını incelemek için geliyorlar. Ancak, 1933 safarisinden monte edilmiş bir antilop kafası, otantik bir aslan postu halısı ve Hemingway'in sahip olduğu orijinal sanat eseri de dahil olmak üzere Hemingway Odası'nı süsleyen eserleri fark etmemek zor. O kadar göze çarpmasa da, sergilenen bir nesne çok daha önemli: Hemingway'in I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında yaralandığı savaş alanından bir şarapnel parçası. Düşmanın havan saldırısı o kader geceden daha başarılı olsaydı, dünya asla onlardan birini bilemezdi. 20. yüzyılın en büyük yazarları. Tersine, Hemingway bu saldırıda yaralanmamış olsaydı, Kızıl Haç hemşiresine âşık olmayabilirdi. Silahlara Veda, yüzyılın en çok okunan savaş romanlarından biri. Hemingway şarapnel parçasını, küçük bir deri değiştirme çantasında, mermi parçası olan bir yüzük seti de dahil olmak üzere küçük bir avuç diğer "takılar" ile birlikte tuttu. Benzer şekilde, savaş deneyimini kalbine yakın tuttu ve hayatı boyunca savaşa ve onu yaşayanlar üzerindeki etkilerine yoğun bir ilgi gösterdi. Hiçbir Amerikalı yazar, 20. yüzyılın başlarında savaş hakkında yazmakla Ernest Hemingway'den daha fazla ilişkili değildir. Bunu ilk elden deneyimledi, sayısız cepheden mektuplar yazdı ve en unutulmaz eserlerinin çoğu için savaşı fon olarak kullandı. Yazarın torunu ve yakın tarihli Hemingway on War antolojisinin editörü Seán Hemingway de dahil olmak üzere akademisyenler, Hemingway Koleksiyonu'ndaki belgeleri ve fotoğrafları, diğerlerini Hemingway ve savaş üzerine yazıları hakkında eğitmek için kullanmaya devam ediyor. Savaş konusu aynı zamanda Kennedy Kütüphanesi tarafından düzenlenen, "Savaş Üzerine Yazarlar" başlıklı yakın tarihli bir oturum da dahil olmak üzere Hemingway forumlarının ve konferanslarının merkezinde yer aldı. 1999'da kütüphanede düzenlenen Hemingway'in yüzüncü yılında, birçok konuşmacı Hemingway'in savaş deneyimine ve savaş sonrasındaki gözlemlerine onun edebi mirasının değişmez bir unsuru olarak atıfta bulundu. Hemingway ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı Birinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Ernest Hemingway, İtalya'da Amerikan Kızılhaçı'nda ambulans şoförü olarak gönüllü olarak görev yaptı. Haziran 1918'de, askerler için çikolata ve sigara dağıtan seyyar bir kantini işletirken, Avusturya havan ateşiyle yaralandı. "Sonra, bir yüksek fırın kapısı açıldığında olduğu gibi bir parlama oldu ve beyaz başlayıp kırmızıya dönen bir kükreme oldu," diye hatırlıyor bir mektupta eve. Yaralarına rağmen, Hemingway yaralı bir İtalyan askerini güvenli bir yere taşıdı ve makineli tüfek ateşiyle tekrar yaralandı. Cesaretinden dolayı İtalyan hükümetinden Gümüş Cesaret Madalyası aldı - bu kadar onurlandırılan ilk Amerikalılardan biri.Hemingway, bu 1918 portresi için İtalya'nın Milano kentinde poz verdi. (Ernest Hemingway Fotoğraf Koleksiyonu, Kennedy Kütüphanesi) Bu deneyim hakkında yıllar sonra yorum yapmak Erkekler Savaşta, Hemingway şöyle yazdı: "Çocukken savaşa gittiğinizde büyük bir ölümsüzlük yanılsaması yaşarsınız. Diğer insanlar öldürülür, siz değil. . . . . Ondokuzuncu yaş günümden iki hafta önce ağır bir şekilde yaralandıktan sonra, benden önceki tüm erkeklerin başına gelmeyen hiçbir şeyin bana olmayacağını anlayana kadar kötü zamanlar geçirdim. Yapmam gereken her şeyi erkekler her zaman yapardı. yaptım o zaman ben de yapabilirdim ve en iyisi bu konuda endişelenmemekti." Milano'daki bir hastanede altı ay iyileşmekte olan Hemingway, Amerikan Kızılhaç hemşiresi Agnes von Kurowsky'ye aşık oldu. Savaşın sonunda, farklı bir adam olarak Illinois, Oak Park'taki evine döndü. Seyahat, dövüş ve aşk tecrübesi bakış açısını genişletmişti. Ancak savaş deneyimi onu dramatik bir şekilde değiştirmiş olsa da, geri döndüğü kasaba büyük ölçüde aynı kaldı. İki kısa öykü (yıllar sonra yazılmış) onun eve dönüşüne ve geri dönen savaş gazisinin ikilemlerine dair anlayışına dair içgörüler sunuyor. "Askerin Evi"nde Howard Krebs, Avrupa'dan evine birçok yaşıtından daha geç döner. Zafer geçitlerini kaçırdığı için geride bıraktığı kişilerle, özellikle de oğlunun savaş tarafından nasıl değiştirildiğini anlayamayan annesiyle yeniden bağ kuramaz. Yazar Tobias Wolff, Hemingway'in yüzüncü yıl kutlamasında, "Hemingway'in büyük savaş çalışması sonuçlarıyla ilgilenir" dedi. "Savaşta ruha ne olduğu ve daha sonra insanların bununla nasıl başa çıktığıyla ilgilenir. Hemingway'in 'Askerin Evi' gibi hikayelerde kendine koyduğu sorun, birinin başından geçenleri doğru söyleme zorluğudur. bunu yaparken kendi zorluğu." Ailesiyle aylarca yaşadıktan sonra, bu süre zarfında Agnes'ten başka bir erkeğe aşık olduğunu öğrendi, iki arkadaşıyla ailesinin Michigan'daki yazlık evine, genç bir çocukken avlanmayı ve balık tutmayı öğrendiği yere kaçtı. Gezinin doğuşu olacak Büyük İki Yürekli Nehir- Hemingway'in en tanınmış kurgusal karakterlerinden biri olan Nick Adams'ın, kuzey Michigan'daki bir balığa çıktığı sırada savaştan yeni döndüğünü anlatan bir hikaye.Ernest Hemingway 1919'da Illinois, Oak Park'taki evinde. (Ernest Hemingway Fotoğraf Koleksiyonu, Kennedy Kütüphanesi) Hikayede Hemingway, savaştan ve Nick'in savaşta aldığı yaralardan asla bahsetmiyor - bunlar sadece yüzeyin altında görünüyor. İlk büyük koleksiyonundaki bu ve diğer öykülerde, Bizim zamanımızda, Hemingway, bir anlatıyı ilerletmekten daha fazlasını yapar ve aynı zamanda yeni bir kurgu yazma stilini de başlatır. Hemingway'in yüzüncü yıl dönümünde bir başka konuşmacı olan Harvard Profesörü Henry Louis Gates, Jr., "Savaş hakkında yazma ve hatta savaş hakkında düşünme biçimimiz temel olarak Hemingway'den etkilendi" dedi. 1920'lerin başında, Hemingway ve diğer modernistler, dünya savaşı deneyimlerine tepki olarak, Batı medeniyetinin merkezi kurumlarına olan inançlarını kaybettiler. Bu kurumlardan biri de edebiyatın kendisiydi. On dokuzuncu yüzyıl romancıları gösterişli ve ayrıntılı bir yazı stiline eğilimliydiler. Hemingway, belirgin bir Amerikan argosu kullanarak, "anlamın diyalog, eylem ve sessizlikler aracılığıyla kurulduğu - önemli hiçbir şeyin - ya da en azından çok azının - açıkça ifade edildiği bir kurgu" olan yeni bir kurgu tarzı yarattı. "Hemingway, Viktorya dönemi düzyazısının aşırılıklarına ve ikiyüzlülüğüne başkaldıran bir asırlık panelist ve kitap eleştirmeni arkadaşı Gail Caldwell'in belirttiği gibi, bir modernistler dalgasının zirvesindeydi. Birinci Dünya Savaşı, dünya edebiyatını da değiştiren bir dönüm noktası olayıdır" Hemingway'in buna nasıl tepki verdiği gibi." Savaş Sonrası Avrupa'ya Dönüş Hemingway, ilk eşi Hadley Richardson ile evlendikten sonra Avrupa'ya döndü. 1923 tarihli pasaportunda genç ama ciddi bir adamken çekilmiş bir fotoğrafı var. Başlangıçta muhabir olarak çalışan Toronto Yıldızı, Paris'te yaşarken, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound ve F. Scott Fitzgerald gibi Sol Banka'nın ileri gelenlerinin teşvikiyle bir romancı oldu. Nobel ödüllü Nadine Gordimer, Hemingway'in Avrupa'ya dönme motivasyonunu bu şekilde bir gurbetçi olarak nitelendirdi. Savaştan sonra, "Hemingway bir daha asla eve gelmedi." Yine de, siyasi zulüm karşısında anavatanlarını terk etmek zorunda kalan diğer gurbetçi yazarların aksine, Gordimer'in sözleriyle, "ulusalcı ajanların ötesinde daha geniş bir insan bilincinin başlangıçları, iyi veya kötü. Ve özellikle de, Avrupa'nın kültürel Mekke'sinde tehdit edilen adaletin nedenlerinden birini seçti." Bir muhabir olarak Hemingway, Makedonya'dan Madrid'e kadar savaşların patlak vermesini ve faşizmin Avrupa'ya yayılmasını kronikleştirdi. En çok kurgusu ile bilinmesine rağmen, savaş haberciliği de devrim niteliğindeydi. Hemingway, her şeyden önce, yazılarında gerçeği söylemeye kendini adamıştı. Bunu yapmak için, eylemin bir parçası olmayı sevdi ve yazısının gücü, kısmen, savaşa ilk elden tanık olma kararlılığından kaynaklandı. Seán Hemingway'e göre, büyükbabasının savaş gönderileri "kamuya savaşın her yönünü, özellikle ve en önemlisi, sıradan erkek, kadın ve çocuk üzerindeki etkilerini anlatan yeni bir habercilik tarzında yazılmıştı." Bu anlatı tarzı, savaştaki bireysel yaşamların hikayelerini hayata geçirmiş ve geniş bir okuyucu kitlesi kazanmıştır. Televizyon ve kablolu haberlerin ortaya çıkmasından önce Hemingway, Kuzey Amerikalı izleyicileri için dünya çatışmalarını hayata geçirdi. Örneğin 1922'de Hemingway, Yunanistan ile Türkiye arasındaki savaşı ele aldı ve binlerce Yunan mültecinin kötü durumuna tanık oldu. Hemingway, günümüzde yaygın hale gelen bir bakış açısıyla, savaşın gizli maliyetlerinden birini belgeledi - savaş sonrası tüm halkların kendi topraklarından göç ettirilmesi. Canlı gönderileri, bu ve diğer hikayeleri İngilizce konuşan dünyanın dikkatine sundu. Hemingway, kurgusunu şekillendirmek için sıklıkla kendi kişisel deneyiminin yanı sıra tanık olduğu sahneleri kullandı. 20 yıl sonra tekniğini açıklarken şöyle yazdı: "Yazarın gerçeğe bağlılık standardı o kadar yüksek olmalı ki, icadı, deneyimlerinden yola çıkarak, olgusal her şeyden daha doğru bir açıklama üretmelidir. Çünkü gerçekler kötü bir şekilde gözlemlenebilir, ancak İyi bir yazar bir şey yaratırken, onu mutlak bir gerçek haline getirmek için zamanı ve kapsamı vardır." Bizim zamanımızda 1925'te yayınlandı. Bunu Hemingway'in ilk büyük romanları izledi. Güneş de Doğar ve Silahlara Veda, Bu, Hemingway'in savaş ve savaş sonrası Avrupa'daki deneyimlerini ters sırayla kronikleştiriyor. Güneş de Doğar Gizemli savaş yaraları onun iktidarsız olmasına neden olan Birinci Dünya Savaşı gazisi Jake Barnes'ı içeriyor. Savaştan sonra ABD'ye dönen Nick Adams ve Howard Krebs'in aksine, Barnes Avrupa'da kalır ve Paris ve İspanya'daki ayinlerde hemşehrilerine katılır. Birçoğu romanı, Hemingway'in yolunu kaybetmiş, savaş sonrası dünyada huzursuzca anlam arayan bir neslin portresi olarak görüyor. Hemingway Koleksiyonu, dört farklı açılış da dahil olmak üzere romanın neredeyse bir düzine taslağını içerir - gelişen, çalışkan ve olağanüstü yetenekli genç romancı örnekleri. İkinci romanı, Silahlara Veda, Yaralı bir
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گوش همه ما خورده است. این شرکت تولیدی آسانسور در رده دوم بهترین شرکت آسانسور سازی جهان قرار دارد که از زیر مجموعه های گروه میتسوبیشی است. دلیل معروفیت و محبوبیت این کمپانی، سرعت آنها در سرویس دهی آسانسور است. همچنین رکورد ساخت سریعترین آسانسور نیز به این شرکت تعلق دارد. - Schindler (شیندلر): این شرکت نیز یکی از قدیمی ترین شرکت های تولید کننده آسانسور است. همچنین این کمپانی در رده سوم بهترین شرکت آسانسور سازی جهان قرار دارد که در سوئیس تاسیس شد. در 1000 نقطه مختلف جهان شعبه تولیدی یا دفتر فروش دارد به همین خاطر از بزرگترین شرکت های تولید کننده آسانسور نیز محسوب می شود. - Kone (کونه): این شرکت یک شرکت تولید، سرویس و تعمیر آسانسور در فنلاند است. این کمپانی چند شرکت دیگر تولید کننده آسانسور در سطح جهان را نیز اداره می کند. - ThyssenKrupp (تیسن کروپ): این شرکت از شرکت های بزرگ تولید کننده آسانسور و انواع پله برقی است. این کمپانی با اینکه سالهای زیادی از تاسیس آن نمی گذرد اما بهترین شرکت آسانسور محسوب می شود. - Fujitec (فوجی تک): اولین بخش تولیدی این شرکت در ژاپن افتتاح شد اما پس از آن شعبه های دیگری نیز در شهر ها و کشورهای مختلف تاسیس کردند. پس از کمپانی میتسوبیشی رکورد بزرگترین شرکت تولید آسانسور متعلق به فوجی تک است. - Dover (داور): این شرکت نیز از قدیمی ترین شرکت های تولید آسانسور بود که اکنون با نام Lifts Rotary به فعالیت خود ادامه می دهد. و دفتر مرکزی آن در ایالات متحده آمریکا است. - Hitachi (هیتاچی): رکورد نصب اولین آسانسور در بلندترین برج جهان متعلق به این شرکت می باشد. این کمپانی دارای شعبه های متعددی در سراسر جهان است. - Sigma (سیگما): نام اولیه این کمپانی تولید آسانسور گلداستار بود که پس از آن تغییر نام داد و اکنون با نام سیگما به فعالیت خود ادامه میدهد. و در حال حاضر از زیر مجموعه های شرکت اوتیس یعنی بهترین شرکت آسانسور جهان می باشد. - Express Lift (اکسی پرس لیفت): این شرکت نیز از قدیمی ترین شرکت های سازنده آسانسور است و از زیر مجموعه های شرکت اوتیس می باشد. بهترین برند آسانسور در ایران در ایران شرکت های مختلفی در زمینه آسانسور فعالیت دارند، برخی از آنها در زمینه تولید قطعات، برخی در زمینه واردات آسانسور و برخی دیگر نیز در زمینه نصب و سرویس آسانسور فعالیت دارند. اینکه بتوان از میان تمام شرکت های تخصصی آسانسور که در ایران فعالیت می کنند، چند نام را به عنوان بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران معرفی کرد کار دشواری است. زیرا شرکت های ایرانی مانند کمپانی های بزرگ جهان که در بالا به تعدادی از آنها اشاره شد نیستند. به همین دلیل ممکن است هر فردی از خدمات یک شرکت آسانسور در ایران رضایت داشته باشد و آن را بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران بداند. شرکت آسانسور و پله برقی هیرو جزو بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران محسوب می شود. این شرکت با ارائه خدمات در زمینه سرویس و نگهداری انواع آسانسور در رده شرکت های برتر آسانسور در ایران قرار گرفته است. انواع آسانسور بر حسب عملکرد برای شناخت قطعات بکار رفته در آسانسور ها ابتدا باید نوع آن را بشناسیم بنابراین در این بخش به بررسی انواع آسانسور خواهیم پرداخت. آسانسورها بر حسب نوع عملکردی که دارند به 4 گروه عمده تقسیم می شوند: - آسانسور کششی: عملکرد این نوع آسانسور شبیه به آتوود می باشد. نحوه عملکرد آن به این صورت است که؛ کابین آسانسور به یک سر سیم بکسل وصل می شود و وزنه ای متناسب با آن نیز بر سر دیگر سیم بکسل وصل می شود، و محور سیم بکسل بر روی فلکه قرار می گیرد. در هنگام استفاده از آسانسور، موتور کابین را طبق فرمان وارد شده به حرکت در می آورد. دلیل استفاده از وزنه در سر دیگر سیم بکسل، کاهش میزان فشاری است که به موتور وارد می شود. جرم وزنه باید با جرم کابین و میزان ظرفیتی که برای آن در نظر گرفته شده است برابر باشد، این امر به سرعت و سهولت عملکرد آسانسور کمک می کند. این نوع آسانسور از یک موتور الکتریکی پمپ روغن و یک جک هیدرولیک تشکیل شده است، به هنگام وارد کردن فرمان جک آزاد شده و باعث حرکت آسانسور می شود. جک نیز نیروی حرکت خود را از موتور غوطه ور در روغن بدست می آورد، همراه موتور این نوع آسانسور یک شیر پاوریونیت وجود دارد که در هنگام حرکت رو به پایین این شیر باز می شود. همانطور که گفته شد یکی از مهمترین اجزاء تشکیل دهنده این نوع آسانسورها جک هیدرولیک است، که به هنگام حرکت رو به بالا این جک آزاد شده و کابین را به سمت بالا حرکت می دهد. به همین دلیل این نوع آسانسور قابلیت استفاده در ساختمان های مرتفع با طبقات زیاد را ندارد. - آسانسور مغناطیسی: عملکرد این آسانسور دقیقا شبیه به عملکرد آهن ربا است. در هنگام نصب این مدل بر روی دیواره ها و کف چاه تعدادی آهنربا قرار می دهند، پس از دادن فرمان به آسانسور در میان این آهن ربا ها یک میدان مغناطیسی ایجاد می شود که باعث می شود کابین حرکت کند. از مزیت های این مدل می توان به عدم نیاز به موتور و کابل اشاره کرد، همچنین امنیت بالای آن که از نبود کابل نشات گرفته است. - آسانسور پیچی: این نوع آسانسور نیز ایمنی بالایی دارد. زیرا این مدل هم کابل ندارد بلکه موتور آن توسط یک پیچ و مهره عمل می کند. موتور این نوع آسانسور بر روی بدنه آن نصب می شود و این یک مزیت است زیرا دیگر نیازی به موتورخانه ندارد. همچنین ظرفیت آنها را بر حسب ابعاد کابین محاسبه می کنند و مانند سایر آسانسور ها بر حسب کیلوگرم محاسبه نمی شود؛ به بیان دیگر آسانسورهای پیچی عملا هیچ محدودیت ظرفیتی ندارند. . آسانسور پنوماتیک: این مدل آسانسور ها همان آسانسورهایی هستند که کابین آنها در داخل خانه نصب می شود و معمولا برای خانه های دوبلکس از این مدل استفاده می شود. همچنین موتور این مدل نیز مانند مدل قبلی بر روی بدنه کابین نصب می شود. بر عکس مدل قبلی این مدل آسانسورها محدودیت ظرفیت دارند. این مدل با استفاده از وکیوم یا کشش هوا عمل می کند. به این صورت که بعد از وارد کردن فرمان، کابین به سمت بالا یا پایین کشیده می شود و چون هیچ هوایی در اطراف کابین وجود ندارد، در نتیجه کشش کابین شروع به حرکت می کند. قطعات آسانسور در قسمت قبل با انواع آسانسور آشنا شدید، اکنون می خواهیم به بررسی قطعات به کار رفته در هر یک از مدل های ذکر شده بپردازیم. - قطعات آسانسور هیدرولیک - پاوریونیت - کاراسلینگ - سیلندر - محفظه روغن - شالتر - موتور - پیستون - ریل - سیم بکسل و سربکسل - لقمه چدنی - فن - Plate یا صفحه نگهدارنده - دیکتاتور - شستی طبقه و شستی کابین این موارد قطعاتی هستند که در تمام آسانسورهای هیدرولیکی به کار رفته است، این قطعات دارای کیفیت ها و برندهای مختلفی هستند که مسلما بهترین کیفیت آن متعلق به بهترین شرکت آسانسور می باشد. - قطعات آسانسور کششی - تابلو برق - تابلو فرمان - فلکه - تراولینگ کابل - ریل - شالتر - گاورنر - روغندان - پاراشوت - وزنه تعادل - سیم بکسل - قلاب - شاسی موتور - جعبه رویزیون - کفشک همانطور که متوجه شدید برخی از قطعات در هر دو آسانسور مشترک است. قطعات آسانسورهای مغناطیسی و پیچی نیز مانند قطعات این دو نوع آسانسور هستند، با این تفاوت که در آنها از قطعاتی مانند سیم بکسل، وزنه، فلکه، کابل و برخی دیگر از قطعات استفاده نشده است. همچنین این دو مدل تعدادی قطعه متفاوت دارند مثلا در آسانسور مغناطیسی از نوعی آهن ربا استفاده شده است. بهترین موتورهای آسانسور موتورهای آسانسور به دو گروه گیربکس و گیرلس تقسیم می شوند. بهترین موتورهای آسانسور گیربکس عبارتند از: - موتور گیربکس آلبرتو ساسی - موتور گیربکس سیکور - موتور MGT ایتالیا - موتور گیربکس مونتاناری ایتالیا - موتور جم ایتالیا - موتور گیربکس آکیش ترکیه - موتور فیا ایتالیا - موتور IR10 کوپل - موتور IR20 کوپل این موتورهای آسانسور کیفیت های متفاوتی دارند اما برخی از آنها توسط بهترین شرکت آسانسور تولید شده اند، و مهندسان آسانسور سازی می توانند پس از تحقیقات لازم یکی از این موتورها را انتخاب کنند. البته این موتورها موتورهای موجود در بازار کنونی ایران هستند که هرکدام از آنها توسط بهترین شرکت آسانسور به بازار ایران وارد شده اند. بهترین موتورهای آسانسور گیرلس عبارتند از: - ویتور - موتور گیرلس سیکور - موتور گیرلس آلبرتو ساسی - موتور گیرلس مونتاناری - بلولایت چین - موتور گیرلس آکیش ترکیه - مونا درایو چین - زیلابگ آلمان بهترین موتور آسانسور ایرانی موتور آسانسور IR10 و IR20 محصول مشترک میان کشور ایران و هند می باشد، که توسط بهترین شرکت آسانسور ایرانی یعنی شرکت کوپل با مشارکت بهترین شرکت آسانسور هند تولید شده است. بهترین شرکت نصب آسانسور و پله برقی برخی از شرکت ها علاوه بر کار طراحی و تولید، به کار نصب و راه اندازی سیستم های آسانسور هم می پردازند. نصب آسانسور فرایندی کاملا تخصصی است که در صورت نداشتن مهارت و تخصص کافی تکنسین ها، نمی تواند سیستم آسانسور عملکرد مناسبی داشته باشد و حتی از نظر ایمنی هم دچار مشکل خواهد شد و امکان بروز سوانح هم وجود دارد. با توجه به این موارد، بهترین شرکت نصب آسانسور، شرکتی است که ضمن رعایت اصول و الزامات نصب آسانسور که مطابق با آیین های نامه های مربوطه است، باید بتواند سیستم آسانسور را به گونه ای نصب کند که این سیستم بتواند تا مدت زمان طولانی کارکرد داشته باشد و ساکنان بدون وجود مشکل خاصی به راحتی از آن استفاده کنند. همچنین برای جلوگیری از بروز خطرات و سوانح باید اصول ایمنی را هم به طور کامل رعایت کند. زیرا در صورت بروز خطرات و سوانح، اعتبار شرکتی که آسانسور را نصب کرده است، زیر سوال می رود. ویژگی های بهترین شرکت آسانسور در این بخش قصد داریم تا مهم ترین ویژگی هایی که بهترین شرکت آسانسور باید داشته باشد را مورد بررسی قرار دهیم. از این رو با توجه به این ویژگی ها می توان بهترین شرکت آسانسور را انتخاب کرد. - استفاده از قطعات استاندارد و باکیفیت یکی از ویژگی های مهم بهترین شرکت آسانسور آن است که در مراحل ساخت آسانسور از قطعات باکیفیت و استاندارد استفاده می شود. معمولا این شرکت قطعات مورد استفاده ای که برندهای معتبر آن را تولید کرده اند و از کیفیت بالایی برخوردار است برای ساخت آسانسور استفاده می کند. برای مثال قطعاتی از قبیل ریل، سیم بکسل، موتور، کابین، تابلو برق، شالتر، وزنه تعادل، جعبه رویزیون و غیره، همگی باید ساخت برندهای معتبر جهانی بوده و در ساخت آسانسور از آن ها استفاده می شود. - ارائه گارانتی معتبر و خدمات پس از فروش مطلوب یکی دیگر از ویژگی های مهمی که بهترین شرکت آسانسور باید آن را داشته باشد، تحویل گارانتی معتبر به مشتری و ارائه خدمات پس از فروش مطلوب و رایگان است. به دلیل آن که امکان بروز خرابی و نقص قطعات در سیستم آسانسور پس از نصب و راه اندازی وجود دارد لازم است شرکتی که خدمات آسانسور را ارائه می دهد به مشتری گارانتی محصولات خود را ارائه دهد تا از این طریق مشتری تا مدت زمان مشخصی با خیال آسوده از بابت خرابی احتمالی قطعات و نیز سرویس و تعمیرات آن، بتواند از سیستم آسانسور استفاده کند. - ارائه مشاوره های تخصص برای انتخاب آسانسور ویژگی بعدی بهترین شرکت آسانسور، ارائه مشاوره های تخصصی به مشتریان به منظور انتخاب آسانسور مناسب برای نیازهای کاری آن هاست. به دلیل آن که سیستم های آسانسور با توجه به نوع استفاده، وضعیت ساختمان، تعداد بالا و پایین رفتن ها، سیستم انتقال نیرو، قطعات به کار رفته، فناوری مورد استفاده و غیره به انواع مختلف تقسیم می شوند، از این رو بهترین شرکت آسانسور باید مشاوره های تخصصی به مشتریان ارائه دهد و آسانسوری که برای نیازهای کارفرما مناسب باشد به او پیشنهاد دهد. - برخورداری از پرسنل توانمند و متخصص یکی از ویژگی های مهم بهترین شرکت آسانسور، برخورداری از پرسنل توانمند و متخصص در زمینه های طراحی و تولید، نصب و راه اندازی و نیز سرویس و تعمیر است. باید دانست این امور تخصصی هستند و وجود پرسنل متخصص و توانمند که از تجربه کافی برخوردار باشند شرط ضروری برای عملکرد مناسب سیستم آسانسور است. زیرا در صورتی که سیستم آسانسور و قطعات آن از کیفیت و فناوری بالایی برخوردار باشد، اما تکنسین هایی که آن را نصب و راه اندازی می کنند، از تخصص و تجربه لازم برخوردار نباشند، سیستم آسانسور نمی تواند نیازهای کارفرما را برطرف کرده و حتی ممکن است دچار خرابی ها و خسارت های زودهنگام شود. از این رو تخصص و تجربه کافی پرسنل و نصابان یکی از ویژگی ها و شرایط بهترین شرکت آسانسور به شمار می رود. - قیمت مناسب خدمات یکی از ویژگی های مهمی که باید بهترین شرکت آسانسور از آن برخوردار باشد، قیمت مناسب خدمات است. قیمت خدماتی که شرکت های آسانسور در نظر می گیرند تفاوت های زیادی باهم دارد. البته مسلما هر چه سیستم های آسانسور جدیدتر بوده و قطعات آن تولید برندهای معتبر باشد، قیمتی که بابت خدمات و سیستم دریافت می شود، بالاتر است. اما برندها و شرکت های معتبر همواره تلاش می کنند تا قیمت محصولات و خدماتی که ارائه می دهند تا مناسب تر کنند تا از این طریق رضایت حداکثری مشتریان را به خود جلب کنند. پس شرکتی را می توان بهترین شرکت آسانسور محسوب کرد که قیمتی که بابت محصولات و خدمات دریافت می کند، منصفانه و مناسب است. شرکت معتبر آسانسور و پله برقی ممکن است خواننده این سوال را بپرسد که شرکت معتبر آسانسور چه نوع شرکتی است. از این رو در این قسمت به بررسی مواردی پرداخته ایم که در واقع ویژگی های یک شرکت معتبر آسانسور و پله برقی است. با وجود این ویژگی ها می توان به اعتبار آن شرکت پی برد
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çlarını, 1.1 milyar doları personel giderlerini ve 178 milyon doları ise bilgi teknolojisi ve diğer ihtiyaçları kapsıyor. Koronavirüs salgını gelişmekte olan ülkelerde etkisini henüz tam olarak göstermedi. Ancak sağlık sistemi ve mali durumları zayıf ülkeleri zorlu bir dönem bekliyor. Bu ülkeler arasında Türkiye de var. Bugün dünyanın gelişmekte olan ekonomilerinin çoğu, genç bir nüfusa sahip ve sistemsel sorunlar yaşıyorlar. Bu iki nedenden dolayı koronavirüs salgınına, daha gelişmiş ekonomilere nazaran, daha güçlü bir bağışıklık gösterebilirler. Ancak iyi haber burada sona eriyor. Kalkınmakta olan ülkeler, insanlığın dörtte birinden fazlasının eve kapanmasına neden olan ve küresel ekonomiyi eşi benzeri görülmemiş bir durgunluğa sürükleyen koronavirüs salgını nedeniyle, derin ve uzun süreli bir resesyon tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya. COVID-19 henüz, hastalığın ortaya çıktığı ve kilit bir sanayi bölgesini kasıp kavurduğu Çin dışında, hiçbir gelişmekte olan ekonomiye tüm gücüyle gelmiş değil. Bu ülkelerin kırılgan mali durumları, sorunlu sağlık altyapıları ve petrol gibi emtialara bağımlı olmaları, onları salgın karşısında Batılı ülkelerden daha zayıf kılıyor. Londra merkezli borsa şirketi IHS Markit'in baş ekonomisti Nariman Behravesh, DW'ye yaptığı açıklamada, "Bu yaşanan kriz, gelişmekte olan ülkeler için küresel finans krizinden birçok açıdan daha kötü" diyor. Behravesh, "Emtia fiyatlarındaki çöküş daha büyük, kalkınmış dünyadaki resesyon daha kötü ve kalkınmakta olan dünyadaki borç seviyesi, faiz oranları çok düşük olduğu için finans krizinden bu yana çok hızlı yükseldi" değerlendirmesini yapıyor. Asya, Afrika ve Latin Amerika'daki gelişmekte olan birçok ülke, koronavirüsü kontrol altına almak amacıyla sokağa çıkma yasakları ilan etti. Bu ülkelerin Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika'daki anahtar pazarları bir nevi yok oldu, yerel ekonomileri durma noktasına geldi, petrol da dahil olmak üzere emtia talepleri azaldı ve para birimlerinin değeri büyük darbe yedi. Oxford Üniversitesi ekonomistleri, ülkelerin sağlık sistemleri, mali durumları ve emtia bağımlılıklarını baz alarak Bolivya, Kosta Rika, Peru, Güney Afrika ve Mısır'ı en kırılgan gelişmekte olan ekonomiler olarak sınıflandırıyor. Yabancı yatırımcı terk ediyor Yabancı yatırımcılar, gelişmekte olan pazarların tahvil ve hisselerine sırtlarını dönerek güvenli limanlara yelken açıyor. Uluslararası Finans Enstitüsü verilerine göre, 80 milyar dolardan fazla değere sahip yatırım, aralarında Türkiye, Hindistan, Çin ve Güney Afrika'nın da bulunduğu 20 gelişmekte olan ekonomiyi Mart ayında terk etti. Bu gelişme karşısında, 2008 krizinden bu yana gözlemlenen sermaye kaçışı cüce kaldı. Sermayenin bu ülkelerden yoğun biçimde çekilmesi, Arjantin, Nijerya ve Angola gibi kırılgan ekonomilerin borçlarını ödeyememe riskini artırdı. Daha yüksek borçlanma maliyeti, özellikle Güney Afrika ve son yıllarda İstanbul'daki yeni havalimanını finanse etmek için dış borçlanmaya bel bağlayan Türkiye gibi ülkelere zarar verecek. Gelişmekte olan ekonomiler, düşük ABD faiz oranlarından cesaret alarak, son yıllarda milyarlarca dolar borç biriktirdi. Doların son dönemde hızla değer kazanması, ödenmesi gereken borçları daha da pahalı kılacak. Özellikle de sokağa çıkma yasakları nedeniyle ihracatın düştüğü bu dönemde. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerin para birimleri Mart ayında, tarihin en büyük elden çıkarma süreçlerinden birini yaşadı. Durum 2008 finans kriziyle karşılaştırılabilir nitelikte. Rus Rublesi, Meksika Pesosu ve Güney Afrika Randı, dolar karşısında yüzde 11 ila 20 değer kaybetti. Pandemi Türkiye ekonomisini de tehdit ediyor Türkiye içinse koronavirüs salgını, 2018'de yaşanan TL krizinin acılarını yeniden canlandırabilir. O dönemde yatırımcılar, Türkiye heveslerini yitirmiş ve sermayelerini çekerek TL'nin tarihe geçen değer kayıplarına uğramasına neden olmuşlar ve Türk ekonomisini resesyona sürüklemişlerdi. Afrika'nın en sanayileşmiş ülkesi olan Güney Afrika ise pandemi sürecine zayıf bir biçimde giriyor. Ülkenin ekonomisi resesyonda, iş dünyası güveni 20 yılın en düşük seviyesinde ve iş gücünün neredeyse üçte biri işsiz. Son birkaç yılda mali durumu kötüleşen Hindistan‘da da benzer biçimde yavaşlayan ekonomik büyüme ve rekor seviyede işsizlik mevcut. 1,3 milyar kişilik nüfusa sahip Hindistan da kriz sürecine zayıf bir durumda giriyor. Hindistan hükümeti ayrıca virüsle mücadele amacıyla 21 günlük bir sokağa çıkma yasağı ilan etmiş bulunuyor. İsveç merkezli kalkınma bankası SEB Group'ta gelişmekte olan ülkeler baş stratejisti olarak görev yapan Per Hammarlund, "Hindistan kapasite sorunu da yaşıyor. Hindistan 1 milyarı aşkın nüfusa sahip devasa bir ülke ve farklı bölgeler arasında koordinasyonu sağlamak lojistik açıdan çok zorlu„ diyor. DW'ye konuşan Hammarlund, "Toplumsal memnuniyetsizlikle kaynayan Hindistan gibi bir ülkede toplumsal gerilimler baş gösterebilir" değerlendirmesini yapıyor. Petrol şoku Gelişmekte olan dünyanın karşı karşıya olduğu sorunları, petrol ve diğer emtia fiyatlarındaki sert düşüş şiddetlendiriyor. Bu ürünler, birçok Afrika ve Latin Amerika ülkesi için temel gelir kaynağı konumunda. Suudi Arabistan ile Rusya arasındaki fiyat savaşı ve pandeminin bir araya gelmesiyle petrol fiyatları son 18 yıldaki en düşük seviyesine sürüklendi. Bu durum da ihracat gelirlerinin yüzde 90'ı emtialara bağımlı Angola ve Nijerya gibi ülkeler için büyük bir krize neden oldu. Düşük petrol fiyatları, dünyanın en büyük petrol üreticilerinden olan Rusya'ya da zarar veriyor. Rus Rublesi geçen ay büyük bir değer kaybına uğradı. Gelişmekte olan dünyanın enerji üreten birçok ekonomisi düşük fiyatlar karşısında hazırlıklı değil. Oxford ekonomistlerinin aktardığına göre, bu ülkelerin dörtte üçünün mali açığı var. Türkiye, Tayland, Hırvatistan ve Filipinler gibi Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasılalarının (GSYİH) yüzde 20 ila 25'i turizmden gelen bazı gelişmekte olan ekonomilerse, insanların evlerini, kentlerini ve ülkelerini terk etmemesi nedeniyle ciddi kayıplarla karşı karşı karşıya. "Hayat kurtarmanın maliyeti daha yüksek" Hindistan ve Güney Afrika gibi önemli ekonomilerde enfeksiyon oranı hızla artıyor. Sağlık uzmanları, Hindistan gibi bir ülkede virüs kontrolden bir kez çıktığında bir daha kontrol altına almanın çok zor olduğunu söylüyor. Bu ülkelerde kentlerin aşırı dolu olması ve hastanelerin dar ve yetersiz olması da umutları köreltiyor. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerdeki sağlık sistemlerinin durumu, bu ülkelerin birçoğunu keskin sosyal mesafe önlemleri benimsemek zorunda bırakıyor. Örneğin gecekondu mahallelerinin yaygın olduğu ve insanların yaşamlarını yevmiyelerle sürdürdüğü yoksul ülkelerde sosyal mesafelenme, Batı'daki kadar kolay olmuyor. Oxford Üniversitesi ekonomistleri, "Bazı ülkelerde ekonomik maliyetlerin güveni derinden sarsarak ulusal ve/veya mali krizlere yol açma riski çok yüksek" diyor. "Bu nedenle bu ülkelerde insan hayatı kurtarmanın maliyeti gelişmiş ekonomilerde olduğundan çok daha yüksek olacak." Ashutosh Pandey ©️ Deutsche Welle Türkçe False killer whales are found in tropical to warm temperate zones, generally in relatively deep, offshore waters of all three major oceans. They do not generally range into latitudes higher than 50° in either hemisphere. However, some animals occasionally move into higher latitude waters. They are found in many semi-enclosed seas and bays (including the Sea of Japan, Bohai/Yellow Sea, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf), but they only occasionally occur in the Mediterranean Sea (Leatherwood et al. 1989). There are a few records for the Baltic Sea, which are considered extralimital. There are also records of false killer whales being found far into large rivers in China. Bu Yazıda: İsveç'i düşünüyorsanız, gölleri, huş ormanlarını, geyik ve doğa yürüyüşünü düşünürsünüz. Fakat bahçeler? Ya da bir bahçe gezisi? Ama evet - örneğin Göteborg'a. İsveç'in en büyük ikinci şehri bu yıl büyük bir bahçe sergisine ev sahipliği yapıyor. Tarihi Palmiye Evi, Trädgårdsföreningen'in dönüm noktasıdır.Kattegat'taki yaklaşık 500.000 kişilik İsveç kültür metropolü İskandinavya'daki en yeşil şehirlerden biridir - her Göteborg 75 metrekare yeşil alana sahiptir. Şehir bu yıldan beri özellikle yeşildi: "Gothenburg Bahçeleri" sergisi vesilesiyle, en büyük ve en önemli bahçeler yenilendi ve kısmen tamamen yeniden tasarlandı. Geniş kapsamlı projeden genel olarak sorumlu olan İsveç'teki en ünlü peyzaj mimarlarından Ulf Nordfjell'dir. Ünlü İsveçli doktor ve botanikçi "Linnaeus'a Bir Tribute" adlı şov bahçesi için Londra'daki Chelsea Flower Show 2007'de altın madalya kazandı. Göteborg'u ziyaret ederken aşağıdaki bahçeleri kaçırmayın. TradgardsforeningenBasit adı "bahçe kulübü" olan merkezi konumdaki park, 19. yüzyılın ortalarından beri var. "Göteborg Bahçeleri" sergisi için tamamen restore edildi ve kısmen yeniden tasarlandı. Sadece eski ağaçlar ve tarihi binalar hayatta kaldı - örneğin, beş kıtanın hepsinden avuç içi barındıran 1.000 metrekarelik Victoria Palmiye Evi. Tarihi cam evin ortamı, 1900'lerde orijinal çizim ve fotoğraflarına geri döndü. Özellikle İkinci Dünya Savaşı, daha sonra sadece derme çatma bir şekilde tamir edilmiş olan ciddi bir tahribat bırakmıştı. Restorasyon ve yeniden yapılanma sırasında uluslararası alanda tanınmış çeşitli bahçe tasarımcıları, diğerleri arasında Hollanda'dan Piet Oudolf, İngiliz kadın Julie Toll ve Münihli bahçe mimarı Heiner Luz da katılıyor. Her biri, parkın kenarındaki yaşlı ağaçların bulunduğu ormanlık şerit olarak adlandırılan “Ormanlık Alanlar” adlı bir bölüm tasarladı. Parkın diğer bir önemli bölümü ise binlerce gül çeşidinin bulunduğu Rosarium. Saf Schaubeten'in yanı sıra - çok sayıda Austin gülü de dahil olmak üzere - genellikle Piet Oudolf tarafından tasarlanan güller, çimler ve çeşitli uzun ömürlü karışık yataklar var. Çiçek kraliçesi için birçok kullanımı göstermeliler. Bahçe temasının ilginç yorumları Palmiye Evi yakınındaki 14 temalı bahçeler tarafından sunulmaktadır. Bunlardan beşi çeşitli İsveç üniversitelerinden öğrenciler tarafından, diğer dokuz tanesi yerleşik bahçe mimarları tarafından tasarlanmıştır. Fotoğraf galerisini başlat 11 Hepsini göster Trädgårdsföreningen (11) Trädgårdsföreningen'in giriş alanı. Gül bahçesi binlerce çeşit gül yetiştiriyor... ... 'Arthur Sisley' ve diğer Delbard ressam gülleri dahil. Palmiye evi, beş kıtanın hepsinde bulunan palmiye türlerini barındırıyor. Avuç içi evin önünde 30 yıldan fazla fuşyalar var. Serada kışlanırlar. Modern betonarme duvardan yapılmış duvar ve koltuk ile bir vitrin. Bahçeden Daha Çok Emek: Bu makale Göteborg'dan gelen tasarım öğrencileri tarafından yazılmıştır. "Kutudaki Bahçe": Başka bir öğrenci şov bahçesi. Bu bahçe tasarımı, "Tek Kullanımlık Toplum" u temellendirir. Açık formlar ve kesinlikle kesilmiş şimşir ağacı, bu gösteri bahçesini karakterize ediyor. Kırmızı solucan eğrelti otu (Dryopteris erythrosora), Heiner Luz "Woodlands" vurgusu tarafından tasarlandı. Botanik BahçesiGöteborg eteklerinde yer alan botanik bahçesi, 175 hektar ile Avrupa'nın en büyük ve en zengin türlerinden biri. Bunların yaklaşık 40 hektarı tasarlanmıştır, gerisi doğanın korunması için kullanılmaktadır. Bitki koleksiyonu, dünyanın her yerinden toplam 20.000 farklı türden oluşur. Bahçe sergisi için giriş, renkli yaz çiçekçileri temsilcisi ile tasarlandı. Bahçe hayranları, geçen yıl Botanik Bahçeleri girişindeki Chelsea Çiçek Şovu'nu takiben yeniden inşa edilen Ulf Nordfjell'in ödüllü "Linnaeus A Tribute" gösteri bahçesine de hayran kalacaklar. Bahçedeki çeşitli noktalarda, hayranlıkla yepyeni uzun ömürlü olan çok yıllık çiçek tarhları da güzelce tasarlanmıştır. Sitedeki en ilgi çekici yerlerden biri, kaya oluşumları ve su kanalları ile düzenlenmiş dev kaya bahçesidir. Yalnız 6000 kadar farklı bitki türüne ev sahipliği yapar. Botanik ve bahçecilikle ilgilenen turistler için mutlaka görülmesi gereken bir yer. Kaya bahçesine giderken, Doğu Asya ve Kuzey Amerika'dan birçok farklı türün bulunduğu bir ormangülü korudan geçeceksiniz. Güneybatı İsveç'in ılıman ve nemli kıyı iklimi içinde iyi büyürler ve onyıllar boyunca, bazı durumlarda görkemli büyüklüktedirler. Ayrıca botanik bahçesinde "Göteborg Bahçeleri" vesilesiyle ilginç geçici sergiler var. Serada etçil bitki çeşitliliği sunuldu, ayrıca pek çok yabani türe sahip bir dahlia sergisi ve 40 farklı, bazı çok eski patates çeşitleriyle bir mutfak bahçesi var. Fotoğraf galerisini başlat 8 Hepsini göster Gothenburg Botanik Bahçesi (8) Botanik bahçesinin yeni tasarlanmış giriş alanı. Buradan manzarayı görebilirsiniz... ... İspanyol sümüklü böcek görüntüsü olan bir yatak. Akdeniz'den gelen haşereler şimdi İsveç’e ulaştı. Yönetim binasının önünde daha çok yazlık çiçek tarhları var. Giriş alanında aynı zamanda Ulf Nordfjell tarafından "Linnaeus A Tribute" bahçesi... ... 2007 Chelsea Flower Show'da altın madalya kazandı. Bu yeni indirimlerde, tasarımcıların farklı yaprak renkleri ile denemeleri yapıldı. Botanik bahçesinin büyük bir kısmı ağaçlarla kaplıdır. Yaratıcı olarak çekici birçok kombinasyon var. Serada tarçın akçaağaç güzel bir örnek duruyor (Acer griseum). Gunnebo Evi ve BahçeleriGunnebo House, İsveç'in en güzel ülke mülklerinden biridir. Villa ve tarihi bahçe 1796 yılında zengin İngiliz tüccar John Hall tarafından yaptırılmıştır. Özel özellik: Mimar Carl Wilhelm Carlberg sadece binayı ve bahçeyi değil, aynı zamanda mobilya, perde ve heykel gibi tüm envanteri de tasarladı. Gunnebo House tarzı neoklasik bir İtalyan villası andırıyor, ancak temeller ve kaide hariç tamamen ahşaptan yapılmış. Nitelikli marangozlar ve beyaz boya, evi büyük taş evlerin mesafesinden zorlukla ayırt ediyor. İlk restorasyon çalışmaları 1950 yılında başladı. Evin, bina ve bahçenin içerisine katıldılar. Neyse ki, mimarın planlarının çoğu hala korunuyor, bu nedenle mülkün tamamı bugüne kadar orijinal durumuna geri getirilebilir. Bu arada, dört büyük, kayıtsız bronz çömleği ilk olarak, resmi olarak tasarlanmış bahçe için tasarlandı ve Carlberg'in orijinal çizimlerine göre kuruldu. Özellikle kötü durumda, daha önce konağın öğle yemeğini zenginleştiren ekli mutfak bahçesiydi. Bugün organik olarak yetiştirilmektedir ve sebzeler ek binalardan birinde bulunan Gunnebo Restaurant'ta sunulmaktadır. ABD'deki bahçe mimarları Topher Delaney ve İsveç'ten Monika Gora ile İsveç'te yaşayan İngiliz bahçe mimarı John Tizzard, yarının mutfak bahçesinin nasıl görünebileceği sorusunu ele aldı. Bahçe şovu vesilesiyle inşa edilmişlerdi. Üç sergi için tasarım yaklaşımları bazen çok felsefidir, ancak kesinlikle görülmeye değerdir. Topher Delaney ayrıca arka bahçede "Glass House" adında geniş bir Land Art objesi yaptı. Fotoğraf galerisini başlat 10 Hepsini göster Gunnebo Evi ve Bahçeleri (10) Gunnebo House, Göteborg'un hemen dışındaki zengin bir İngiliz tüccarının temsili bir ülkesi olarak inşa edildi. E
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I motivi per cui avviene questo distacco eccessivo non sono del tutto note, anche se sono molte le ipotesi che sono state formulate (disturbi cervicali, traumi cranici, disturbi della microcircolazione sanguigna ecc.). Diagnosi di vertigine posizionale parossistica benigna La diagnosi di vertigine posizionale parossistica benigna si avvale in primis di un’accurata anamnesi che può tornare utile quando ai successivi esami (obiettivo e strumentale) non vengano evidenziati i segni tipici del disturbo, cosa possibile se la valutazione viene eseguita quando il disturbo è in fase di remissione. La conferma dei sospetti diagnostici può essere ottenuta tramite l’effettuazione di particolari manovre (manovra di Dix-Hallpike, manovra di Pagnini-Mc Clure, manovre di orto-supinazione) tramite le quali si è in grado di provocare la comparsa di un caratteristico nistagmo che può essere documentato con la videonistagmoscopia e che si associa alla tipica crisi vertiginosa che lo specialista può limitare. Tramite queste manovre lo specialista può stabilire in quale canale semicircolare si trova l’ammasso di otoliti. Una volta ottenuta la certezza diagnostica, si può stabilire la terapia. Come si cura la vertigine posizionale parossistica benigna Di norma la vertigine posizionale parossistica benigna si cura effettuando alcune manovre liberatorie che hanno come scopo principale quello di allontanare l’ammasso di otoliti dal canale circolare interessato dal problema (manovra di Epley, manovra di Semont, manovra di Gufoni, posizione coatta di Vannucchi ecc.). Una volta effettuata la manovra la sintomatologia scompare, anche se può persistere una lieve instabilità. Se le manovre effettuate non sortiscono gli effetti sperati è probabile che l’ammasso di otoliti sia molto voluminoso e stenti a uscire dal canale. In questi casi è necessario sottoporsi ad alcuni esercizi (tecnica di dispersione di Brandt-Daroff) che servono a mobilizzare gli otoliti e a favorire il buon esito delle successive manovre liberatorie. * Il labirinto è un complesso di varie formazioni che fanno parte dell’orecchio interno e la cui funzione principale è quella di presiedere il senso dell’equilibrio. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Definition - What does Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) mean? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of lung disease in which the lung receives poor airflow constantly due to obstructive reasons. In the context of occupational health and safety, risk of contracting COPD increases when employees are exposed to harsh conditions, which can include chemicals, dust, or fumes. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD) WorkplaceTesting explains Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) The main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is smoking. However, on worksites, COPD has been reported to occur when workers have been exposed to various types of substances in different working environments. Occupations which have greater possibilities of contracting COPD include: - Industrial workers - Petroleum workers Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is generally irreversible and represents a decline in lung function. It includes two main diseases: - Chronic Bronchitis - inflammation that narrows the bronchi - Emphysema - permanent enlargement of the airspace in the lung Hoping for Brighter Budgets The Arizona Department of Transportation is using solar-powered technology to reduce its fuel consumption and save money. With constant mobility ingrained in its name and purpose, it's not easy for the Arizona Department of Transportation to cut back on fuel consumption. But with less dollars flowing its way and the high cost of fuel, the agency is looking for ways to use renewable energy to save a buck or two. Right now, Arizona's DOT is testing 37 trucks equipped with solar-powered light bars, according to a news release. Now, DOT drivers can turn their engines off in construction zones and still have warning lights flashing for safety. In addition to taking advantage of the sun, the DOT is also trying to cut down on travel and its associated costs by encouraging videoconferencing and changing work schedules so employees spend less time travelling. Arizona's initiatives are just some of a few that the American Association of State Highway Officials highlighted in a recent release that draws attention to what states are doing to cut down on fuel use. Join the Discussion After you comment, click Post. You can enter an anonymous Display Name or connect to a social profile. Translation software tools could help immigrants assimilate to American culture The English language has many different dialects. As a result, individuals who are planning on moving to a new region of the country - or a new nation altogether - may want to educate themselves on their new neighbors' manner of speaking. However, some people may have a hard time letting go of their native language. Molly Muldoon, a New York City-based writer for Irish Central, is one of them. Among her favorite phrases to use when speaking to Americans are "the craic was ninety," which translates to "we had a good time," and "full duck or no dinner," which means "do something right or don't do it at all," according to the news source. Indeed, the English language has been subjected to many changes and variations in its time. Some individuals, such as Sports Illustrated columnist Steve Rushin, are still in the process of creating their own dialects. In a recent article, the writer compiled a list of words that are not yet employed by members of the professional sports world, but - he believes - should be. Translation tools could help you improve your English writing and speaking, even if you've already mastered one deviation of the language. This image shows a Dawn VIR (visible and infrared spectrometer) image, overlain on top of a FC (framing camera) image of the same region. The VIR image was acquired during the HAMO (high-altitude mapping orbit) phase of the Dawn mission and the FC image was acquired during the Survey phase of the mission. The small-scale brightness and darkness variations in this image demonstrate VIR’s ability to detect small-scale features on Vesta’s surface. The composition of these various features can then be analyzed. VIR data have shown that, in general, Vesta has a basaltic surface and that two prominent pyroxene absorption bands dominate Vesta’s spectrum. This image is located in Vesta’s Tuccia quadrangle and the center of the image is 21 degrees south latitude, 200 degrees east longitude. NASA’s Dawn spacecraft obtained the VIR image with its visible and infrared spectrometer on Oct. 02, 2011. The distance to the surface of Vesta is around 700 kilometers (435 miles) and the average image resolution is 170 meters per pixel. The Dawn mission to Vesta and Ceres is managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington D.C. UCLA is responsible for overall Dawn mission science. The visible and infrared mapping spectrometer was provided by the Italian Space Agency and is managed by the Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics, Rome, in collaboration with Selex Galileo, where it was built. The Dawn framing cameras have been developed and built under the leadership of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, with significant contributions by DLR German Aerospace Center, Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin, and in coordination with the Institute of Computer and Communication Network Engineering, Braunschweig. The Framing Camera project is funded by the Max Planck Society, DLR, and NASA/JPL. More information about Dawn is online at http://dawn.jpl.nasa.gov. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/ASI/INAF/IAPS/MPS/DLR/IDA Incorporate even more interactivity into your math lessons with new virtual manipulatives at MisterTeacher.com. Teachers can find a set of ten new manipulatives created for students grades K-12. Each one is designed to be projected onto an interactive whiteboard and shared with small or large groups of students. Included are a coin tool, the interactive angle, a tangram tool, and more. New Science Mini-Movies Added to the Library Now you can engage your students in learning about clouds, electricity, photosynthesis, prisms, and more. New science mini-movies allow you teach: - four types of clouds and the type of weather they produce - about electric circuits - how a plant creates food through photosynthesis - how a prism bends light Disclosures of controversial U.S. surveillance practices, including the monitoring of some foreign leaders, have reignited an international debate over Internet governance. Some countries hope to leverage the scandal to diminish the influence Washington has over some Internet infrastructure—principally processes managed by the U.S.-based nonprofit, ICANN, that coordinates the unique identifiers (Internet Protocol addresses and domain names) that people and devices use to connect on the Internet. (ICANN is an acronym for the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.) But a broader discussion of Internet governance touches on a range of public policy issues, including freedom of expression, trade, privacy, cybersecurity, and sovereignty. What is Internet governance? The term Internet governance has evolved over time, and various groups have attempted to develop working definitions. As the Internet first opened to commerce and the wider public in the mid-1990s, the term referred to a limited set of policy issues associated with the global synchronization and management of domain names (e.g., samplesite.com) and IP addresses (e.g., 188.8.131.52). The concept of Internet governance has conflated management of the technical resources necessary for its stability and continued expansion with discussion of behaviors emerging from the use of the Internet. But as the Internet became a unified medium for all types of information, the definition broadened considerably. In 2005, the UN-sponsored World Summit on the Information Society defined Internet governance as "the development and application by governments, the private sector and civil society, in their respective roles, of shared principles, norms, rules, decision-making procedures, and programs that shape the evolution and use of the Internet." As contentious public policy issues have emerged, the concept of Internet governance has conflated management of the technical resources necessary for its stability and continued expansion with discussion of behaviors emerging from the use of the Internet at what is known as the content layer. How is the Internet governed? Many information policy experts emphasize that "Internet governance" is not the product of an institutional hierarchy, but rather, it emerges from the decentralized, bottom-up coordination of tens of thousands of mostly private-sector entities across the globe. Often referred to as Internet "stakeholders," these include network and server operators, domain name registrars (e.g., GoDaddy) and registries (e.g., Verisign), IP address and standards organizations, Internet service providers (e.g., Verizon), and individual users. Civil society organizations and governments participate alongside these stakeholders in contributing to the development of technical policies. What role do national governments play? States control Internet-related policies within their own borders, such as passing laws prohibiting online gambling, protecting intellectual property, or blocking/filtering access to certain content. Some authoritarian governments censor political and social content much as they do in traditional media. A 2013 report from Freedom House found that China, Cuba, and Iran were the most repressive countries in terms of Internet freedom for the second consecutive year. The Washington, DC-based research and advocacy nonprofit found that more than half of the countries assessed experienced a decline in Internet freedom, including the United States. Freedom on the Net 2013 Roughly half the world's Internet users experience some form of censorship online, according to the OpenNet Initiative, an academic partnership that analyzes Internet filtering and surveillance practices. Mechanisms of online censorship include the technical blocking of websites, search result removal, legal take-downs, and induced self-censorship. For instance, some human rights groups say that China's detention of some high-profile bloggers creates an atmosphere of dread that discourages wider Internet activism. Furthermore, experts note that online censorship in some countries would not be possible without the compliance of the business community. "In order to maintain their business licenses and operate in China, domestic and foreign Internet companies are required to abide by a rough set of guidelines issued by central and local government agencies—and thus encouraged to practice self-censorship," says a 2012 report from the nonpartisan Congressional Research Service. What is ICANN? Established in 1998 under contract to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a private nonprofit headquartered in California that, among other things, manages the global Domain Name System. Often referred to as the Internet's "phone book," the DNS is a worldwide network of databases mapping domain names (samplesite.com) to IP addresses (184.108.40.206) so that users can send and receive information from any of the billions of web-connected devices. The DNS is essential for the proper function of a single, universal, and scalable Internet, experts say. ICANN is guided by an international board of directors, which is elected by members of the ICANN community and holds final decision-making authority. The board is advised by a committee composed of representatives from more than 110 national governments. But many analysts note that Washington has more influence over the DNS than other countries by virtue of its legacy relationship with ICANN. The U.S. government originally managed the technical underpinnings of the DNS because the Department of Defense developed the network technology (ARPANET) from which the Internet evolved. Why is ICANN a focal point of the Internet governance debate? Some information policy experts downplay the significance of ICANN amid the broad spectrum of Internet-related policy issues, but others acknowledge its distinctive geopolitical import. ICANN represented "a revolutionary departure from traditional approaches to global governance," wrote communication scholar Milton Mueller in Networks and States (2010). "It significantly reduced the power of national governments and existing intergovernmental organizations over communication and information policy." He lists four reasons why ICANN spawned such controversy: - it is transnational; - it is one of the few centralized points of control over the Internet; - it is dominated by nonstate actors (mostly private business interests); - it is overseen by the "world's only remaining superpower, the United States." What is the Internet Governance Forum? The Internet Governance Forum is an international group of governments and nongovernmental entities created in 2006 at the World Summit on the Information Society. Internet historians say the IGF, which meets annually to discuss Internet-related policies, was in large part the UN's response to ICANN; many foreign governments felt it was inappropriate for Washington to have unilateral oversight over the most prominent multistakeholder gathering of Internet policymaking. Furthermore, IGF, which issues no binding outcomes of its proceedings, is a venue where contentious public policy matters at the content layer of the Internet can be freely discussed. The establishment of the IGF was noteworthy for its embrace of a multistakeholder model (a model also utilized by ICANN), where states—including many authoritarian governments—agreed to participate in policy discussions on an equal footing with private sector and civil society groups. "No other governance model can deter the fragmentation of the Internet into jealously guarded, national telecom-run fortresses, where access to social networks such as Youtube—even the Internet itself—can be denied instan
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the body fluids and raising plasma concentration. Plasma con-centration of creatinine will continue to rise until the fil-tered load of creatinine (PCr x GFR) and creatinine excretion (UCr x V) return to normal and a balance between creatinine production and creatinine excretion is reestablished. This will occur when plasma creatinine increases to approximately twice normal, as shown in Figure 27–18. If GFR falls to one-fourth normal, plasma creatinine would increase to about 4 times normal, and a decrease of GFR to one-eighth normal would raise plasma creatinine to 8 times normal. Thus, under steady-state conditions, the creatinine excretion rate equals the rate of creatinine production, despite reductions in GFR. However, this normal rate of creatinine excretion occurs at the expense of elevated plasma creatinine con-centration, as shown in Figure 27–19. Theoretically, if a substance is completely cleared from the plasma, the clearance rate of that substance is equal to the total renal plasma flow. In other words, the amount of the substance delivered to the kidneys in the blood (renal plasma flow x Ps) would be equal to the amount excreted in the urine (Us x V). Thus, renal plasma flow (RPF) could be calculated as Because the GFR is only about 20 per cent of the total plasma flow, a substance that is completely cleared from the plasma must be excreted by tubular secretion as well as glomerular filtration (Figure 27–20). There is no known substance that is completely cleared by the kidneys. One substance, however, PAH, is about 90 per cent cleared from the plasma. Therefore, the clearance of PAH can be used as an approximation of renal plasma flow. To be more accurate, one can correct for the percentage of PAH that is still in the blood when it leaves the kidneys. The percentage of PAH removed from the blood is known as the extraction ratio of PAH and averages about 90 per cent in normal kidneys. In diseased kidneys, this extraction ratio may be reduced because of inability of damaged tubules to secrete PAH into the tubular fluid. The calculation of RPF can be demonstrated by the following example: Assume that the plasma concentra-tion of PAH is 0.01 mg/ml, urine concentration is 5.85 mg/ml, and urine flow rate is 1 ml/min. PAH clearance can be calculated from the rate of urinary PAH excre-tion (5.85 mg/ml x 1 ml/min) divided by the plasma PAH concentration (0.01 mg/ml). Thus, clearance of PAH cal-culates to be 585 ml/min. If the extraction ratio for PAH is 90 per cent, the actual renal plasma flow can be calculated by dividing 585 ml/min by 0.9, yielding a value of 650 ml/min. Thus, total renal plasma flow can be calculated as Total renal plasma flow = Clearance of PAH/Extraction ratio of PAH The extraction ratio (EPAH) is calculated as the dif-ference between the renal arterial PAH (PPAH) and renal venous PAH (VPAH) concentrations, divided by the renal arterial PAH concentration: One can calculate the total blood flow through the kidneys from the total renal plasma flow and hematocrit (the percentage of red blood cells in the blood). If the hematocrit is 0.45 and the total renal plasma flow is 650 ml/min, the total blood flow through both kidneys is 650/(1 - 0.45), or 1182 ml/min. To calculate the filtration fraction, which is the fraction of plasma that filters through the glomerular mem-brane, one must first know the renal plasma flow (PAH clearance) and the GFR (inulin clearance). If renal plasma flow is 650 ml/min and GFR is 125 ml/min, the filtration fraction (FF) is calculated as FF = GFR/RPF = 125/650 = 0.19 If the rates of glomerular filtration and renal excretion of a substance are known, one can calculate whether there is a net reabsorption or a net secretion of that sub-stance by the renal tubules. For example, if the rate of excretion of the substance (Us x V) is less than the fil-tered load of the substance (GFR x Ps), then some of the substance must have been reabsorbed from the renal tubules. Conversely, if the excretion rate of the substance is greater than its filtered load, then the rate at which it appears in the urine represents the sum of the rate of glomerular filtration plus tubular secretion. The following example demonstrates the calculation of tubular reabsorption. Assume the following labora-tory values for a patient were obtained: Urine flow rate = 1 ml/min Urine concentration of sodium (UNa) = 70 mEq/L = 70 mEq/ml Plasma sodium concentration = 140 mEq/L = 140 mEq/ml GFR (inulin clearance) = 100 ml/min In this example, the filtered sodium load is GFR x PNa, or 100 ml/min x 140 mEq/ml = 14,000 mEq/min. Urinary sodium excretion (UNa x urine flow rate) is 70 mEq/min. Therefore, tubular reabsorption of sodium is the differ-ence between the filtered load and urinary excretion, or 14,000 mEq/min - 70 mEq/min = 13,930 mEq/min. Comparisons of Inulin Clearance with Clearances of Different Solutes. The following generalizations can be made bycomparing the clearance of a substance with the clear-ance of inulin, a measure of GFR: (1) if the clearance rate of the substance equals that of inulin, the substance is only filtered and not reabsorbed or secreted; (2) if the clearance rate of a substance is less than inulin clear-ance, the substance must have been reabsorbed by the nephron tubules; and (3) if the clearance rate of a sub-stance is greater than that of inulin, the substance must be secreted by the nephron tubules. Listed below are the approximate clearance rates for some of the sub-stances normally handled by the kidneys: The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a military engagement fought primarily as part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France, during the First World War. The main combatants were the Canadian Corps, of four divisions, against three divisions of the German Sixth Army. The battle, which took place from 9 to 12 April 1917, was part of the opening phase of the British-led Battle of Arras, a diversionary attack for the French Nivelle Offensive. |British Empire||German Empire| |Commanders and leaders| |Sir Julian Byng||Ludwig von Falkenhausen| |5 divisions (4 Canadian) totalling |3 divisions totalling |Casualties and losses| |unknown dead or wounded, The objective of the Canadian Corps was to take control of the German-held high ground along an escarpment at the northernmost end of the Arras Offensive. This would ensure that the southern flank could advance without suffering German enfilade fire. Supported by a creeping barrage, the Canadian Corps captured most of the ridge during the first day of the attack. The town of Thélus fell during the second day of the attack, as did the crest of the ridge once the Canadian Corps overcame a salient of considerable German resistance. The final objective, a fortified knoll located outside the town of Givenchy-en-Gohelle, fell to the Canadian Corps on 12 April. The German forces then retreated to the Oppy–Méricourt line. Historians attribute the success of the Canadian Corps in capturing the ridge to a mixture of technical and tactical innovation, meticulous planning, powerful artillery support and extensive training, as well as the failure of the German Sixth Army to properly apply the new German defensive doctrine. The battle was the first occasion when all four divisions of the Canadian Expeditionary Force participated in a battle together and thus became a Canadian nationalistic symbol of achievement and sacrifice. A 100 ha (250 acres) portion of the former battleground serves as a preserved memorial park and site of the Canadian National Vimy Memorial. How often do giant black holes become hyperactive?December 20th, 2010 in Astronomy & Space / Astronomy The galaxy on the left, Abell 644, is in the center of a cluster of galaxies. The right panel contains SDSS J1021+131, a so-called field galaxy because it is isolated. Both images are composites with data from Chandra (blue) and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (red, green, blue). A survey of these and hundreds of other galaxies tells scientists how often the biggest black holes in field galaxies like SDSS J1021+131 have been active over the last few billion years. This has important implications for how environment affects black hole growth. Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Northwestern Univ/D.Haggard et al. Optical: SDSS (PhysOrg.com) -- A new study from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory tells scientists how often the biggest black holes have been active over the last few billion years. This discovery clarifies how supermassive black holes grow and could have implications for how the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way will behave in the future. Most galaxies, including our own, are thought to contain supermassive black holes at their centers, with masses ranging from millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun. For reasons not entirely understood, astronomers have found that these black holes exhibit a wide variety of activity levels: from dormant to just lethargic to practically hyper. The most lively supermassive black holes produce what are called "active galactic nuclei," or AGN, by pulling in large quantities of gas. This gas is heated as it falls in and glows brightly in X-ray light. "We've found that only about one percent of galaxies with masses similar to the Milky Way contain supermassive black holes in their most active phase," said Daryl Haggard of the University of Washington in Seattle, WA, and Northwestern University in Evanston, IL, who led the study. "Trying to figure out how many of these black holes are active at any time is important for understanding how black holes grow within galaxies and how this growth is affected by their environment." This study involves a survey called the Chandra Multiwavelength Project, or ChaMP, which covers 30 square degrees on the sky, the largest sky area of any Chandra survey to date. Combining Chandra's X-ray images with optical images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, about 100,000 galaxies were analyzed. Out of those, about 1,600 were X-ray bright, signaling possible AGN activity. Only galaxies out to 1.6 billion light years from Earth could be meaningfully compared to the Milky Way, although galaxies as far away as 6.3 billion light years were also studied. Primarily isolated or "field" galaxies were included, not galaxies in clusters or groups. "This is the first direct determination of the fraction of field galaxies in the local Universe that contain active supermassive black holes," said co-author Paul Green of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, MA. "We want to know how often these giant black holes flare up, since that's when they go through a major growth spurt." A key goal of astronomers is to understand how AGN activity has affected the growth of galaxies. A striking correlation between the mass of the giant black holes and the mass of the central regions of their host galaxy suggests that the growth of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies are strongly linked. Determining the AGN fraction in the local Universe is crucial for helping to model this parallel growth. One result from this study is that the fraction of galaxies containing AGN depends on the mass of the galaxy. The most massive galaxies are the most likely to host AGN, whereas galaxies that are only about a tenth as massive as the Milky Way have about a ten times smaller chance of containing an AGN. Another result is that a gradual decrease in the AGN fraction is seen with cosmic time since the Big Bang, confirming work done by others. This implies that either the fuel supply or the fueling mechanism for the black holes is changing with time. The study also has important implications for understanding how the neighborhoods of galaxies affects the growth of their black holes, because the AGN fraction for field galaxies was found to be indistinguishable from that for galaxies in dense clusters. "It seems that really active black holes are rare but not antisocial," said Haggard. "This has been a surprise to some, but might provide important clues about how the environment affects black hole growth." It is possible that the AGN fraction has been evolving with cosmic time in both clusters and in the field, but at different rates. If the AGN fraction in clusters started out higher than for field galaxies -- as some results have hinted -- but then decreased more rapidly, at some point the cluster fraction would be about equal to the field fraction. This may explain what is being seen in the local Universe. The Milky Way contains a supermassive black hole known as Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*, for short). Even though astronomers have witnessed some activity from Sgr A* using Chandra and other telescopes over the years, it has been at a very low level. If the Milky Way follows the trends seen in the ChaMP survey, Sgr A* should be about a billion times brighter in X-rays for roughly 1% of the remaining lifetime of the Sun. Such activity is likely to have been much more common in the distant past. If Sgr A* did become an AGN it wouldn't be a threat to life here on Earth, but it would give a spectacular show at X-ray and radio wavelengths. However, any planets that are much closer to the center of the Galaxy, or directly in the line of fire, would receive large and potentially damaging amounts of radiation. More information: These results were published in the November 10th issue of the Astrophysical Journal. Provided by Chandra X-ray Center "How often do giant black holes become hyperactive?." December 20th, 2010. http://phys.org/news/2010-12-giant-black-holes-hyperactive.html Lescehnaultia Gölü, 1890’lı yılların sonundan yarım yüzyıla kadar buharlı trenler için su tedarik etmek üzere yaratılmış bir rezervuar. Şimdilerdde ise, Perth metropol alanının hemen dışında bulunan eğlence ve kamp alanı. Şehrin hafif kirliliği, resmin sağ tarafında Büyük ve Küçük Magellan Bulutları ile birlikte görülüyor. Soldaki ışıklar kamp alanlarına ait. Fotoğraf, gökyüzünün yaklaşık 180 derecelik açısını kaplıyor. Aslında fotoğrafların birleşimi 1,6 gigapiksel olsa da Lightroom’un boyut sınırlamaları yüzünden 500 megapiksele kadar kırpılmış durumda. Fotoğraf Batı Avustralya’da çekildi. Tam çözünürlüklü versiyonu oldukça büyük (25803 x 19308px) ve kaynaktaki Flickr bağlantısından görüntülenebilir. Gönderi ile ilişkili bazı tanımlar: Avustralya — Avustralya Milletler Topluluğu, Güney Yarım Kürede yer alan kıta ülkesidir. Hint Okyanusu ve Büyük Okyanus arasında uzanır. Okyanusya kıtasında bulunur ve kıtanın çok büyük bir bölümünü kaplar.Tüm Avustralya içerikleri → Fotoğraf — “Işık “, “aydınlık“, “çizmek“, “kazımak“, “resim yapmak“, "yazmak" kelimeleri birleştirilerek türetilmiş bir isimdir. Kelime anlamı, ışık yardımı ile iz bırakmaktır. Fotoğraf, cisimlerden yansıyan elektromanyetik radyasyonun toplanıp odaklanmasıyla oluşturulur.Tüm Fotoğraf içerikleri → Sanat — Yaratıcılığın ve hayal gücünün ifadesidir. Tarih boyunca neyin sanat olarak adlandırılacağına
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در فرودگاه بین المللی پیام انجام شده که باید به مدیران و کارکنان این فرودگاه آفرین گفت. دکتر شرفبافی افزود: یکی از مهم ترین اهداف ما برقراری پروازهای مسافری در فرودگاه بین المللی پیام است که قطعا از آن استقبال زیادی خواهد شد. از طرفی این امر منتج به کاهش ترافیک فرودگاه های دیگر می شود که در کل اثر مثبتی در عملیات حمل و نقل هوایی در کشور خواهد داشت. مدیر عامل هواپیمایی جمهوری اسلامی ایران درباره جلسه امروز اظهار داشت: ما امروز امکانات فرودگاه بین المللی پیام را بررسی کردیم تا در اولین فرصت، پروازهای مسافری ایران ایر را در این فرودگاه برقرار کنیم. دکتر شرفبافی در پایان تصریح کرد: علاقمندیم که از هواپیماهای جدید و به روز ATR در این فرودگاه استفاده کنیم. همچنین در فرودگاه پیام، هندلینگ پرواز سایر شرکت های هواپیمایی را نیز در دستور کار قرار خواهیم داد. William and Mary may be home to oldest standing schoolhouse for black children Friday, July 23, 2010 WILLIAMSBURG -- At a time when some venerable Southern colleges are finally acknowledging and apologizing for their past ties to slavery, an inquisitive scholar at the College of William and Mary thinks he has made a more inspiring find: the nation's oldest surviving schoolhouse for African American children. Terry Meyers, an English professor with a penchant for local history, suggests that the College of William and Mary was instrumental in opening a school in 1760 -- at the urging of Benjamin Franklin, no less -- and so became the first college in America involved in the education of black students. The story of the Williamsburg Bray School evokes a different Virginia than the one known as a political and ideological epicenter of slavery. It is the Virginia that was an outpost of the European Enlightenment and host to an intellectual movement that would spawn the Declaration of Independence, with the nascent college at the fore. "To me, the Bray School stands out as a bright spot in an otherwise dark narrative," Meyers said. Alfred Brophy, a law professor at the University of North Carolina who studies antebellum academia, terms Meyers's potential discovery "incredibly positive": a Colonial school for free and enslaved blacks, initiated by a British philanthropy and established by a benevolent Colonial college, for the religious education of "heathens," with the ultimate goal of saving their immortal souls. That image might counterbalance an otherwise ugly history of slavery at William and Mary. The college was funded with taxes on tobacco harvested by slaves. The college owned slaves, as did some faculty members and even a few students. Slave labor built core campus buildings, maintained the grounds and fed the residents. Thomas Roderick Dew, the college president in the 1830s and 1840s, "may be the single most important pro-slavery thinker this country ever produced," Brophy said. It would also seem to run counter to later sentiments in Virginia and other Southern states, which explicitly forbade teaching slaves to read or write. Virginia's revised code of 1819 deemed "any assemblages of slaves . . . at any school or schools for teaching them reading or writing" an unlawful assembly and gave authorities the power to punish those assembled with as many as 20 lashes. The Bray School is an improbable find, if indeed it has been found: a forgotten Colonial structure in a town that is a living monument to Colonial America, a place historians have picked clean. Meyers, 65, is an English scholar. Therein, perhaps, lies his strength: Meyers loves words, and he found details in Colonial documents that other scholars had missed. "I do read texts closely," he said in his snug campus office on a recent morning. Meyers thought he knew most of the 88 original Colonial structures that are Williamsburg's crown jewels. Six years ago, he became intrigued at the mention, in a book of town lore, of another 18th-century home that had apparently gone missing. It had belonged to a Dudley Digges and sat at a corner across from the college campus. The wrong Digges Meyers began researching Digges. He decided that historians had lost track of the house in part because they had linked it to the wrong Digges, a Yorktown patriot. Meyers found another Dudley Digges, an uncle of the more famous patriot, who had bought a home in Williamsburg in 1763. Se le notti insonni sono il tuo più grande problema, non sei da solo. Una ricerca americana ha trovato che l’insonnia causa almeno 60 miliardi di dollari di perdite in produttività su base annuale, a causa della produttività più bassa causata dalla stanchezza. le ricerche riportano che tra il 30 e il 35% degli adulti sperimenta i sintomi dell’insonnia a un certo punto della propria vita. I sintomi dell’insonnia includono: - Stanchezza - Concentrazione ridotta - Probabilità più alta di commettere errori - Cambiamenti nel benessere psicologico - Bisogno di dormire durante le ore diurne. Quando l’insonnia si associa all’ansia, la mancanza di sonno può avere effetti ancora più forti, perché chi vive con l’ansia passa di già tanto tempo delle sue ore di veglia affrontando stress mentale e fisico. L’insonnia non è solamente il dormire di meno, può essere vista anche come una bassa qualità del sonno. La ricerca ha trovato che gli anziani e le donne hanno più probabilità di sviluppare l’insonnia rispetto agli altri gruppi. Possiamo parlare di insonnia anche per le persone che hanno problemi con la durata del sonno, ad esempio colore che si risvegliano molto frequentemente durante la notte o nelle persone che si svegliano troppo presto quotidianamente. Ci sono diversi tipi di disturbi d’ansia, dal Disturbo di Ansia Generalizzato, alle fobie, al Disturbo ossessivo compulsivo. Considerando che in Italia i Disturbi d’Ansia sono il disagio psicologico più diffuso, e che questo è collegato in modo molto stretto con l’insonnia, dobbiamo trovare un modo per gestire queste difficoltà. L’insonnia e l’ansia sono collegati, lo dice la scienza L’insonnia è anche uno dei sintomi chiave per diagnosticare alcuni disturbi, come ad esempio il Disturbo Post Traumatico da Stress e il Disturbo d’Ansia Generalizzato. Secondo l’American Academy of Sleep Medicine, coloro che soffrono di insonnia per lungo tempo o hanno un insonnia cronica è più probabile che sviluppino un disturbo d’ansia a causa dell’elevato livello di stress delle loro vite. Questo è particolarmente evidente in quegli individui che soffrono di fatica cronica. Una ricerca pubblicata sulla rivista Sleep ha trovato che coloro che soffrono di insonnia cronica hanno anche una più grande probabilità di sviluppare un disturbo depressivo. Questo stesso studio raccomanda di controllare anche i sintomi di ansia in coloro che riportano un insonnia costante. Questi pazienti devono essere monitorati lungo un arco di tempo ampio in modo da essere attenti allo sviluppo dell’ansia. Come combattere l’insonnia - Uno dei modi migliore per “stancarsi” è fare esercizio fisico Muoversi provoca fatica muscolare, aiutando così la produzione degli ormoni fisiologici che ti aiuteranno ad addormentarti più facilmente e che contribuiranno a farti dormire più a lungo. 2. Cena leggero Un pasto leggero riduce il carico che lo stomaco deve sopportare per la digestione, aiutando l’addormentamento e la digestione stessa. 3. Bevi un tè Un’idea ancora migliore è bere un tè caldo. Un tè decaffeinato, a differenza del caffè o di Altre bevande che contengono caffeina, non porterà il tuo sistema nervoso avere un piccolo e ti aiuterà a rilassare i muscoli, a causa dell’effetto del caldo sul rilassamento 4. Imposta una routine regolare Fissare un’ora per andare a letto allena il cervello a sentirsi stanco sempre allo stesso momento della giornata 5. Niente schermi digitali in camera da letto È importante che riduce tutta l’esposizione agli apparecchi tecnologici prima di andare a letto e che rendi la tua stanza il più buio possibile virgola in modo da mandare il segnale al tuo cervello che sta arrivando il momento di dormire. 6. Scrivi i tuoi pensieri Scrivere i tuoi pensieri, come ad esempio tenere un diario o segnare le cose per cui sei grato nella tua vita, infonde un senso di calma nella tua mente. 7. Controlla la dieta Un’altra idea che può far diminuire sia la tua ansia sia la tua insonnia è cambiare la tua dieta. Sempre più ricerche ormai hanno trovato che il microbiota all’interno del tuo stomaco e centrale nello sviluppo e nel trattamento delle difficoltà psicologiche. Ad esempio, alcune ricerche indicano che i probiotici siano un aiuto valido nella gestione dell’ansia. 8. Leggi un libro La lettura è un meccanismo di lunga data che tante persone utilizzano per assicurarsi una notte di sonno, o perlomeno per iniziare a sentirsi stanchi. Prendi un romanzo, una biografia, qualsiasi cosa ti interessi e inizia a leggere sotto le coperte. Conclusione sull’insonnia e l’ansia Insomma è un fattore di rischio importante nello sviluppo dell’ansia; la notizia positiva è che ci sono numerosi rimedi naturali che possono aiutare la gestione dell’insonnia e quindi diminuire una parte dell’ansia. Prenota un Consulto psicologico presso il Centro di psicologia InTerapia Puoi prenotare un appuntamento per intraprendere una psicoterapia cognitiva-comportamentale per le problematiche relativia all’ansia e all’insonnia presso uno dei nostri centri presenti a Milano e Rho. Chiamando direttamente il numero di Telefono 375 56 81 922 o scrivendo alla nostra segreteria alla seguente email: firstname.lastname@example.org Sede di Milano: Milano Via Donati 12, 20146 Sede di Rho: Galleria Europa, 3, 20017 Rho (MI) Telefono: 375 56 81 922 Una ricerca americana ha trovato che l’insonnia causa almeno 60 miliardi di dollari di perdite in produttività su base annuale, a causa della produttività più bassa causata dalla stanchezza. Condividi il Tweet Bugün iftarda ne pişireceğinize henüz karar veremediyseniz işte size önerdiğimiz günün iftar menüsü! Sütlü ıspanak çorbası Malzemeler 250 gr ıspanak 1/3 su bardağı sıvı yağ 1 adet soğan 2 yemek kaşığı un 1,5 su bardağı süt 2 su bardağı su 1 yumurta sarısı 1⁄4 limonun suyu Tuz Üzeri için 2 yemek kaşığı zeytinyağı Toz kırmızı biber Rendelenmiş kaşar peyniri Kıtır ekmek Hazırlanışı Ispanakları yıkayıp temizleyin. Suyunu iyice süzdürüp incecik doğrayın. Soğanı da küp küp doğrayın. Tencereye zeytinyağını koyun, ısınınca üzerine soğanları ekleyip pembeleşinceye kadar kavurun. Daha sonra ıspanakları tencereye alın, 2-3 dk daha soğanlarla birlikte kavurun. Unu ıspanakların üzerine serpin, birkaç kez çevirin. Sütü ve suyu ekleyin. Tuzunu da ayarladıktan sonra sürekli karıştırarak pişirin. Çorba kaynadıktan sonra altını kısın, ayrı bir yerde yumurta sarısı ile limon suyunu karıştırın. Hazırladığınız karışımı kaynayan çorbaya yavaş yavaş dökün. Birkaç dakika sonra çorbayı ocaktan alabilirsiniz. Çorbayı kaselere aldıktan sonra üzerlerine zeytinyağında hafifçe yakılmış kırmızı biber gezdirin. Kaşar peyniri ve dilerseniz kıtır ekmek serptikten sonra servis yapın. Orman kebabı Malzemeler 1 kg kuzu kuşbaşı 2 adet soğan 2 adet havuç 3 adet patates 3 adet yeşil çarliston biber 4 diş sarımsak 1 çorba kaşığı un Su 1 tutam tuz 1 tutam toz tavuk bulyon 1 tutam kekik 1 tutam karabiber 2 su bardağı konserve bezelye Hazırlanışı Soğanları doğrayın ve tencerede kızdırdığınız yağa atarak kavurun. Ardından havuçları atın ve karıştırın. Sarımsakları ince ince doğradıktan sonra tencereye atarak karıştırın. Unu atın, iyice karıştırın ve suyu ekleyin. Etleri ekleyin ve karıştırmaya devam edin. Patatesleri küp küp doğradıktan sonra tencereye atın ve karıştırın. Biberleri doğrayın ve tencereye atarak karıştırın. Ardından 1 tutam tuz, toz tavuk bulyon, kekik, karabiber ekleyin. Son olarak bezelyeyi de ekledikten sonra yaklaşık 20 dakika daha pişirin. Erişteli bulgur pilavı Malzemeler 1 su bardağı erişte 3 su bardağı bulgur 2 adet soğan 2 adet sivri biber 1 adet domates 1 yemek kaşığı salça 3 yemek kaşığı tereyağı 4 diş sarımsak 5-6 bardak sıcak su Pul biber Tuz Karabiber Hazırlanışı 3 su bardağı bulguru suyun altında yıkayın ve süzün. 2 adet soğanı ince ince ve küçük küçük doğrayın. Tencereye 3 çorba kaşığı tereyağını koyun ve eritin. Kızgın yağa doğradığınız soğanları atın ve pembeleşinceye kadar kavurun. Soğanlar pembeleşince 1 su bardağı erişteyi atın ve karıştırarak 1-2 dakika kavurun. 4-5 diş sarımsağı ince ince kıyın ve tencereye ekleyin. Bu sırada 2 adet sivri biberi ince ince dilimleyin. Süzdüğünüz bulguru sarımsaklardan sonra ilave edin. 1 çorba kaşığı salçayı da tencereye ekleyin ve karıştırmaya devam edin. Ardından doğradığınız biberleri ekleyin. 1 adet domatesi küçük küpler halinde doğrayın. Domatesleri de tencereye ilave ettikten sonra yeterince tuz, karabiber ve pul biberi üzerine serpin. 5-6 bardak sıcak suyu tencereye dökün ve bir iki kez karıştırdıktan sonra tencerenin ağzını kapatıp 20- 25 dakika kısık ateşte pişirin. İrmik tatlısı Malzemeler 3 adet yumurta 1 su bardağı toz şeker 1 su bardağı zeytinyağı 1 su bardağı yoğurt 2 su bardağı un 2 su bardağı irmik 1 paket kabartma tozu Şerbeti için malzemeler 4 su bardağı toz şeker 5 su bardağı su 2 damla limon suyu Hazırlanışı Geniş bir kabın içine yumurtaları alın ve 5 dakika boyunca çırpın. Ardından sırasıyla toz şeker, zeytinyağı ve yoğurdu ekleyip biraz daha çırpın. Son olarak unu ve irmiği de karışıma ilave edin ve kıvama gelene kadar çırpın. Hazırladığınız karışımı yağlanmış tepsiye dökün ve önceden ısıtılmış 170 derecelik fırında üzeri kızarana kadar pişirin. Bu esnada şerbet malzemelerini tencereye koyun ve kaynatın. Şerbet kıvama gelince soğumaya bırakın. Pişen irmik tatlısını fırından çıkarın ve dilimleyin. Üzerine soğumuş olan şerbeti gezdirerek dökün. İrmik tatlısı şerbeti iyice çekene kadar ortalama 2-3 saat dolapta bekletin ve servis edin. Afiyet olsun Kaynak: Mynet Kadın Basta dare un’occhiata alle classifiche e ricordare il nome di Sandra Samir, numero due nazionale, per rendersi conto della portata dei risultati ottenuti da Mayar Sherif. La ventiseienne tennista è diventata la prima del suo Paese a
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این اتصال اختیاری و تایر 20.5R25 یک ارتفاع سطل 4 متر و 13 سانتیمتری خواهد داشت. حفاظت در نهایت، کاترپیلار شروع به ارائه گزینه های امنیتی برای محفاظت از 918M در مناطق آسیب پذیر می کند. این گزینه ها عبارتند از: . گارد چراغ های جلویی دور تا دور چراغ های جلو را احاطه کرده اند و آن را از آوارهای در حال سقوط از سطل محافظت می کنند. . گارد موانع از مفصل های 918M با ایجاد موانع در هر دو طرف برای جلوگیری از جمع آوری مواد در فریم محافظت می کند، در حالی که اجازه دسترسی به نقاط سرویس دهی را فراهم می کند. . گارد رانشگر در زیر گیربکس و قطعات مربوطه نصب می شود، همچنین پنل دسترسی به امکانات تعویض روغن را فراهم می کند. . گارد میل لنگ زیر موتور برای محافظت از پانل روغن نصب می شود. لینک کوتاه خبر : Presentation on theme: "Newton’s Second Law The net force on a body is equal to the product of the body’s mass and its acceleration."— Presentation transcript: 1 Newton’s Second LawThe net force on a body is equal to the product of the body’s mass and its acceleration. 2 UnitsProblem 20: A car traveling at 53 km/h hits a bridge abutment. A passenger in the car moves forward a distance of 65 cm (with respect to the road) while being brought to rest by an inflated air bag. What magnitude of force (assumed constant) acts on the passenger’s upper torso, which has a mass of 41 kg? 3 Gravitational Force and Weight Gravitational force is the force that the Earth exerts on any object. It is directed toward the center of the Earth.The magnitude of the gravitational force is equal to the product of mass and acceleration due to gravity.The weight W of a body is the magnitude of the net force required to prevent the body from falling freely, as measured by someone on the ground.The weight W of a body is equal to the magnitude of the gravitational force on the body. A body’s weight is related to the body’s mass by, 4 Contact Forces: As the name implies, these forces act between two objects that are in contact. The contact forces have two components: one that is acting along the normal to the contact surface (normal force) and a second component that is acting parallel to the contact surface (frictional force).Normal Force: When a body presses against a surface, the surface deforms and pushes on the body with a normal force perpendicular to the contact surface. An example is shown in the picture to the left. A block of mass m rests on a table.Note: In this case FN = mg. This is not always the case.Friction: If we slide or attempt to slide an object over a surface, the motion is resisted by a bonding between the object and the surface. This force is known as “friction.” More on friction in Chapter 6.(5-7) 5 Tension: This is the force exerted by a rope or a cable attached to an object. Tension has the following characteristics:It is always directed along the rope.It is always pulling the object.3. It has the same value along the rope (for example, between points A and B).The following assumptions are made:The rope has negligible mass compared to the mass of the object it pulls.The rope does not stretch.If a pulley is used as in fig.(b) and fig.(c), we assume that the pulley is massless and frictionless.AB 6 Newton’s Third Law:When two bodies interact by exerting forces on each other, the forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. 7 Recipe for the Application of Newton’s Laws of Motion 1. Choose the system to be studied.2. Make a simple sketch of the system.3. Choose a convenient coordinate system.4. Identify all the forces that act on the system. Label them on the diagram.5. Apply Newton’s laws of motion to the system.P 17, page 109: In the figure , let the mass of the block be 8.5 kg and the angle θ be 30°. Find (a) the tension in the cord and (b) the normal force acting on the block. (c) If the cord is cut, find the magnitude of the resulting acceleration of the block. 8 Sample ProblemFigure 5-12 shows a block S (the sliding block) with mass M = 3.3 kg. The block is free to move along a horizontal frictionless surface and connected, by a cord that wraps over a frictionless pulley, to a second block H (the hanging block), with mass m = 2.1 kg. The cord and pulley have negligible masses compared to the blocks (they are “massless”). The hanging block H falls as the sliding block S accelerates to the right. Find (a) the acceleration of block S, (b) the acceleration of block H, and (c) the tension in the cord. L'articolo, a cura di Isabella Regazzi, mostra una panoramica delle tignole delle derrate alimentari, come combatterle o, meglio, come prevenirle. Illustra il problema negli ambienti industriali, nelle mense e accenna alle problematiche domestiche. L'articolo, a cura di Isabella Regazzi, si occupa della bio-etologia e del monitoraggio di una specie di scarafaggi che negli ultimi anni si è diffusa in modo allarmante nel contesto urbano, la Supella longipalpa. Vikipedi:SSS/Eğitim amaçlı kullanım Bu SSS sayfası, öğretmenlerin ve okul yöneticilerinin Vikipedi'deki bilgilerin içeriği ve öğrenciler tarafından kullanımı hakkında sorabilecekleri belirli sorulara cevap vermektedir. Eğer Vikipedi'yi sınıfızda bir proje olarak kullanmak isterseniz bakınız Vikipedi:Okul projeleri. İçindekiler - 1 Genel Bakış - 2 Vikipedi güvenilir ve yanlışsız mıdır? - 3 Birisinin yanlış ya da yanıltıcı bilgilerle katkıda bulunmasını ne önlüyor? - 4 Viki (Wiki) ne demektir? - 5 Öğrenciler Vikipedi'den ödevleri ve projeleri için alıntı yapabilirler mi? - 6 Burası genç insanlar için güvenli bir ortam mıdır? - 7 Açık kaynak ortamı ne demektir? - 8 Neden insanlar açık kaynak projelerine katkıda bulunurlar? - 9 Neden daha önce bununla ilgili bir şey duymadık? - 10 Ansiklopedik bilgiler dışında, öğrenciler Vikipedi'den neler öğrenebilir? - 11 Herhangi bir okul grubu kendi Viki'sini kurabilir mi? - 12 Vikipedi hakkında daha fazla bilgiye nereden ulaşabilirim? Genel Bakış[kaynağı değiştir] - Dünyanın en yaygın kullanılan çevrimiçi ansiklopedisi olarak, Vikipedi, kaçınılmaz bir şekilde okulla ilgili aktivitelerde de yer almaktadır. Açık kaynak ansiklopedilerinin gelecekte, eğitim dünyasının, en azından kalıcı —ve belki de başlıca— parçası olacağını söylemek yanlış olmaz. - Açık kaynak, copyleft, birlikte yazım gibi kavramlar ve herkesin iyiliği için gönüllü katkılar, eğitim ortamlarında yeni ve aşina olunmamış düşünceler olabilir. Vikipedi, eğitimcilere, günümüz gençliğinin yaşantısı süresince ününün sürekli artacağı düşünülen kamu güveni kavramlarını keşfetmeleri için bir fırsat sunmaktadır. - Aşağıda, öğrenci ve eğitimcilerin Vikipedi hakkında sordukları bazı genel sorular ve bu soruların hem Vikipedi'nin şu anki durumuna hem de yakın gelecekle ilgili akla yatkın öngörülere dayalı cevapları listelenmiştir. Vikipedi güvenilir ve yanlışsız mıdır?[kaynağı değiştir] - Vikipedi, dayandığımız dış kaynaklar ne kadar güvenilirse o kadar güvenilirdir. Uygun şekilde yazılmış makaleler kaynaklarını belirtir ve okur, o Vikipedi makalesine, makalenin dayandığı kaynaklara güvendiği kadar (ama daha fazla değil) güvenmelidir. Eğer bir makalede kaynaklar belirtilmemişse, o makale güvenilir olabilir de olmayabilir de. Öğrenciler Vikipedi'deki bilgileri, dış kaynakları kontrol etmeden, resmi amaçlar için (kompozisyon yazmak gibi) asla kullanmamalıdır. Neyse ki, Vikipedi, kaynaklarını diğer yayınların çoğundan daha sık belirtmektedir. - Vikipedi hızla gelişmektedir ve ansiklopedinin güvenilirliği de gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Okurlar sürekli olarak makaleleri, sahip oldukları bilgilerle karşılaştırdıkları için, makaleler daha detaylı ve yanlışsız olmaktadır. Temel bilimlerle ilgili belirli makaleler diğer özgür veya kamu malı ansiklopedilerden alınarak geliştirilmiştir. Bu durum, ansiklopedi yazarlarının daha güncel bilgiler geliştirebilmesi için güvenilir bir temel sunmaktadır. Vikipedi neredeyse her gün basında yer almaktadır. (bakınız Basın kaynağı olarak Vikipedi) - Öte yandan, Vikipedi'deki bir makalenin taraflı/ön yargılı, eski tarihli/geçersiz olması ya da yanlış bilgiler içermesi olasıdır. Bu, her kaynak için böyledir. Kişi, kaynağı ne olursa olsun, önemli bilgilerin doğruluğunu birden çok kez kontrol etmelidir. Genellikle, popüler makaleler daha yanlışsızdır; çünkü daha sık okunur ve dolayısıyla da herhangi bir hata daha çabuk düzeltilir. Ayrıca, ansiklopedide göze çarpan bir Batı eğilimi mevcut olabilir; zira katılımcıların büyük bir kısmı batı ülkelerindendir. Daha geniş bilgi için bakınız Vikipedi:Eleştiriler. Birisinin yanlış ya da yanıltıcı bilgilerle katkıda bulunmasını ne önlüyor?[kaynağı değiştir] - Hiçbir şey. Herhangi biri, hem de şu anda, herhangi bir sayfaya giderek o sayfayı yantıltıcı ya da yanlış bilgilerle doldurabilir. Az bilinen tarihi bir olayın tam tarihi gibi çok spesifik küçük bilgiler daha az güvenilir olabilir; zira vandallar ara sıra bu tarz bilgileri değiştirebilirler. - Yine de, o bilgi uzun süre yanlış olarak kalmaz. Katkıda bulunan bir çok kişi, katkıların listesini (özellikle de önemli ya da tartışmalı makaleleri) sürekli izlemektedir ve kısa süre içerisinde saçma ya da açıkça yanlış olan makaleleri silecek ve yersiz düzenlemeleri geri alacaklardır. Neredeyse tüm makaleler bir ya da daha fazla editörün kişisel izleme listesindedir ve bu editörler her türlü vandalizmi hızlı bir şekilde geri alacaklardır. Başlıca okunan makaleler ise yüzlerce izleme listesinde birden olacaktır ve bu yüzden de herhangi bir vandalizmin görülüp geri alınması sadece birkaç dakikalık bir iştir. Eğer anonim ya da nispeten yeni bir kullanıcı bir rakam ya da tarih üzerinde küçük bir değişiklikte bulunur; fakat kaynağını gösteremezse, bu değişikliğin dikkat çekmesi fazlasıyla olasıdır. - Fakat Vikipedi mükemmel olamaz. Bir yerlerde, mutlaka, yanlış olduğu henüz keşfedilmemiş yanlış bilgiler vardır. Bu yüzden, eğer Vikipedi'yi önemli bir araştırma ya da okul projesi için kullanıyorsanız, Vikipedi'den aldığınız bilgiyi her zaman başka bir yerden doğrulayın. Viki (Wiki) ne demektir?[kaynağı değiştir] - "WikiWiki", Hawai Dilinde "çabuk" anlamına gelen bir sözcüktür. Bazıları, Wiki'nin Vika (Wicca) Dini ile ilgisi olup olmadığını merak ederler. İlgisi yoktur. "Wiki" sözcüğü, Vikipedi'nin (İngilizce'de Wikipedia) kullandığı viki yazılımının adı olarak benimsenmiştir. Öğrenciler Vikipedi'den ödevleri ve projeleri için alıntı yapabilirler mi?[kaynağı değiştir] - - Kaynakları biçimlendirme hakkında daha fazla bilgi için, bakınız Vikipedi:Vikipedi'yi kaynak gösterme. - Bu, öğretmenlerin neyi onayladıklarına bağlıdır. Tüm yazılar için en iyi tutum birden fazla kaynak kullanmaktır. Vikipedi, araştırmayı ilerletmek için mükemmel bir başlangıç noktasıdır. Öğretmenler, öğrencilerine Vikipedi'den öğrendikleri bilgileri doğrulamak için ne yaptıklarını sorabilirler. Google gibi kapsamlı bir arama motoru kullanarak, öğrenciler Vikipedi'nin içeriğini diğer itibarlı sitelerdeki bilgilerle kolaylıkla karşılaştırabilirler. Bir çok Vikipedi makalesi en altta, genellikle ilgili sitelere yönlenen "Dış bağlantılar" bölümü içermektedir. Öğrenciler Vikipedi'deki bilgileri diğer ansiklopedi ve kitaplardaki bilgilerle de karşılaştırabilirler. Genel bir kural olarak, Vikipedi katılımcıları kaynaklarını göstermeleri konusunda teşvik edilmektedir; fakat, doğal olarak, tümü bunu yapmamaktadır. Doğrulanabilirlik adına, kaynakları listelenmiş bir makaleyi kaynak göstermek daha iyidir. Çoğu iyi makalemizde "Referanslar," "Kaynakça," "Notlar," "İleri okuma" veya "Dış bağlantılar" gibi, kaynak bilgisi içeren bölümler bulunmaktadır. - Yazar bilgisi ve daha fazla kaynağa ulaşmak için, öğrenciler makalelerin Geçmiş sekmesini yararlı bulabilirler; çünkü bu bölüm her katılımı — katılımcıyı ve ne kattığını —. listelemektedir. Tüm katılımcılarımız, kendilerine mesaj bırakılabilmesi için mesaj sayfalarına sahiptir. Ayrıca, oturum açmış durumdayken, bir çok kayıtlı katılımcının sayfasında, o kişiye e-posta göndermenizi sağlayan bir kutu bağlantısı bulabilirsiniz. Vikipedist'lere ulaşmanın diğer yolları Vikipedi:Bize ulaşın sayfasında listelenmiştir. Burası genç insanlar için güvenli bir ortam mıdır?[kaynağı değiştir] - Vikipedi, eşdeğer açık ortamlardakilere benzer güvenlik sorunlarına sahiptir. Gençlerin Vikipedi'ye katılmaları için temel İnternet güvenlik uygulamalarını bilmeleri gerekmektedir (ki zaten şimdiye kadar öğrenmiş olmaları gerekir). Vikipedi'nin avantajı, iletişimin neredeyse tamamının açık, ortak ve gözden geçirilebilir bir şekilde gerçekleşmesidir (hatta, kişisel "mesaj sayfası"ndaki mesajlar bile herkes tarafından okunabilir). Yine de, çocuklar ve velileri, iyi ya da kötü niyetli olması fark etmeksizin her kişinin bu projeye katılmakta özgür olduğunun farkında olmalıdır. Bazı çocuk odaklı çevrimiçi toplumlar "gerçek/çevrimdışı" hayatta çocuklara karşı kötü niyetli olduğu tespit edilen ya da böyle bir davranışı olduğundan kuşku duyulan üyelerinin üyeliklerini iptal ediyor olsa da Vikipedi, üyelerini dış dünyadaki davranışları nedeniyle (bu davranışların yasallığına ve ahlaki boyutuna bakılmaksızın) üyelikten uzaklaştırmayacaktır. Ayrıca, üyeler, ifade ettikleri görüşlere göre de (bu görüşler ne kadar saldırgan ya da zararlı olursa olsun -pedofili savunucuları gibi-) üyelikten uzaklaştırılmayacaklardır. Bu yüzden, hiçbir çocuk, Vikipedi'de hesabı olan birinin yüzyüze görüşüldüğünde güvenilir biri olacağını varsaymamalıdır. Vikipedi bir ansiklopedidir, "çevrimdışı" arkadaşlar kazanılan bir sosyal ortam değil. - Vikipedi arındırılmış ya da sansürlenmiş değildir. Vikipedi'de ırkları eleştiren, tartışmalı politik ve dini gruplardan ya da cinsel fiillerden söz eden makaleler de bulunmaktadır. Fakat, cinsel konular hakkındaki bilgiler genellikle tarafsız, genç ergenlerin arkadaşlarından duyduklarından daha doğru ve en fazla Kuzey Amerika'daki cinsel eğitim sınıflarındakiler kadar erotik olacaktır. Ayrıca, Vikipedi'de, terörizm ve şiddetin metodolojisi tartışılsa dahi, Vikipedi bir "nasıl yapılır" rehberi değildir. - Normalde çocuklar için uygun olan sayfalar zaman zaman kaba sözcükler ya da saldırgan içerik ile vandalizme uğramaktadır. Vandalizm, normal koşullarda birkaç dakika — ya da saniye — içinde fark edilir ve silinir; fakat bu problem giderilmeden birinin o sayfaya erişmesi olasıdır. Öğretmenler, diğer tüm çevrimiçi ortamlarda olduğu gibi, Vikipedi'de de çocukları denetim altında tutmalıdır. Ayrıca, 2006 İngilizce Vikipedi CD Seçkisi okul çağındaki çocuklar için özel olarak seçilmiş, bu kitleye uygunluğu kontrol edilmiş ve çeşitli kısımları çıkarılarak düzenlenmiş 2000 makaleden oluşmaktadır. Coğrafya ve Fen Bilimleri ağırlıklı 5000 sayfalık bir kitaba eşdeğer bu seçki, okullarda kullanmak için ücretsiz olarak indirilebilmektedir. Açık kaynak ortamı ne demektir?[kaynağı değiştir] - Açık kaynak ortamı, açık geliştirici gruplar tarafından geliştirilen ve isteyen herkesin kullanabileceği bir bilgi
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and AA (an omega-6)—both critical to brain and nervous-system development—also abound in mother’s milk. Breast milk is very much alive This may sound far fetched but it does have some tiny and interesting microbes n it. And speaking of microbes, there’s a ton of them in breast milk. Human milk isn’t sterile—it’s very much alive, filled with good bacteria, much like yogurt and naturally fermented pickles and kefir, that keep our digestive systems functioning properly. So mother’s milk contains not only the bacteria necessary to help a baby break down food, but the food for the bacteria themselves to thrive. A breast-feeding mother isn’t keeping one organism alive—but actually hundreds of thousands of them. What it says about the mother You may be surprised to find out that breast milk actually depend on the mother, and not all milk will be the same. This goes down to the flavor and texture. Don’t believe me? What do the experts say? Like a glass of red wine, breast milk has a straightforward color and appearance, but it possesses subtleties in flavor that reflect its terroir—the mother’s body. And it turns out that like any great dish of food, mother’s milk holds a variety of aromas, flavors, and textures. The flavors of breast milk are as dynamic as a mother’s diet. In the 1970s, researchers at the University of Manitoba obtained samples of breast milk from lactating women and had them evaluated by a trained panel for taste, quality of sweetness, and texture. There were variations across all samples in all categories, most notably that the milk of a woman who had recently eaten spicy food was described by tasters as being “hot” and “peppery.” It is medicinal When you tell most new moms that their breast milk can be of medicinal value to their kids, they will often give you a blank stare. Some may even tell you straight to your face, “look I get you are trying to prove that it is for the good of the kid but I think you are getting carried away here.” But is it really getting carried away or can breast milk really cure and if so how exactly does this happen? According to Hinde, when a baby suckles at its mother’s breast, a vacuum is created. Within that vacuum, the infant’s saliva is sucked back into the mother’s nipple, where receptors in her mammary gland read its signals. This “baby spit backwash,” as she delightfully describes it, contains information about the baby’s immune status. Everything scientists know about physiology indicates that baby spit backwash is one of the ways that breast milk adjusts its immunological composition. If the mammary gland receptors detect the presence of pathogens, they compel the mother’s body to produce antibodies to fight it, and those antibodies travel through breast milk back into the baby’s body, where they target the infection. Women should save all that money they spend on baby formula and go for the good stuff that they get for free. While you may be worried about boobs sagging, don’t put that on the baby. Age and gravity will get you eventually. It will feel better knowing that you did all you could for your baby in the end. Did you enjoy this article? Read our other articles on breastfeeding: Il 2014 di Cesare Prandelli raccontato dalle sue stesse parole. Per non dimenticare. L'Hombre Vertical che sarebbe stato ma non è stato, sarebbe diventato ma non è diventato. Tra la crisi generazionale di inizio millennio e l'avvento della nuova Germania si erge la figura di Michael Ballack. Il 4-4-2 dei campioni maledetti, quelli che non sono mai saliti sul tetto d'Europa. Grant è ancora un grande incompiuto, a caccia di una consacrazione internazionale troppe volte sfuggitagli di un nulla. Tommy Hunt USA (Main Stage – Foro Annonario) VENERDÌ 8 AGOSTO 2014 Senigallia, Summer Jamboree #15 Inizia il week-end di fuoco del Summer Jamboree 15. Sul Main Stage – Foro Annonario si celebrano le origini della musica che partendo dall’America anni ’40 e ’50 ha portato l’amore e l’allegria in tutto il mondo. Rock’n’Roll is true Joy. Tommy Hunt è lo storico appartenente ai The Flamingos, un gruppo doo wop statunitense, molto popolare a partire dalla metà degli anni ’50. Nel 1959 The Flamingos sfondarono le classifiche con “I Only Have Eyes For You” che rimane una delle canzoni più popolari di tutti i tempi. Tommy ha sempre vissuto per la musica anche prima di incontrare Zeke Carey che lo ha portato a The Flamingos. Hunt ha passato la sua infanzia a Pittsburgh, dove i suoi compagni di scuola, lo soprannominarono Tommy, che è rimasto il suo nome per tutta la vita. Mentre era in servizio nella USA Air Force, si assentò senza permesso per assistere la madre che stava morendo. Fu messo in prigione come disertore e dopo il suo rilascio, tornò a Chicago e formò un gruppo chiamato The Five Echoes, i 5 echi del Rock’n’Roll. Mentre suonava in un Club, fu avvicinato da Zeke Carey, che gli chiese di prendere il suo posto, perché doveva assentarsi, ma poi Tommy Hunt mantenne il suo posto anche dopo il ritorno di Carey. Tommy non si è mai fermato di fronte a niente, al Summer Jamboree #15 rappresenta il Rock and Roll delle origini, ma anche oggi che, classe ’33, ha 81 anni, continua ad essere la bomba di sempre. SHAIK LALBEE, 29 August, 2020 Capital punishment, also named death penalty, execution of a convicted inmate sentenced to death upon prosecution by a court of law. Capital punishment should be differentiated from extrajudicial killings that are carried out without adequate legal procedure. The word death sentence is often used interchangeably with capital punishment, but execution is not necessarily accompanied by enforcement of the sentence (even though it is enforced on appeal), leading to the likelihood of moving to life imprisonment.The word “capital punishment” reflects the severest type of punishment. While the meaning and nature of these offences vary from country to nation, state to state, age to age, the death penalty has often been the result of capital punishment. Capital punishment implies a death penalty by popular use in jurisprudence, criminology and penology. Human civilisation history reveals that capital punishment has not been discarded as a form of punishment during any period of time. Throughout the 7th century BCE, capital punishment for assassination, insurrection, robbery, and adultery was commonly used in ancient Greek legislation, though Plato maintained that it could be reserved exclusively for the incorrigible. This was often employed by the Romans for a wide variety of offences while civilians were removed during the empire for a brief period. Capitalpunishment is an anciently practiced punishment. Literally, there is no country without the practice of capital punishment. CAPITAL PUNISHMENT UNDER INDIAN LEGAL SYSTEM: “Capital Penalty” or “Death Penalty” is the highest standard of punishment given for upholding law and order in any community or democracy. But murdering another human being is no better than killing others in the name of justice. We will concentrate on doing away with the crime, not the criminal.This is awarded in India for the most serious of crimes. This is rewarded for misconduct and grievous offences. Article 21 states that no individual shall be deprived of the ‘right to life’ that is guaranteed to all Indian people. Article 72 of the Constitution of India authorizes the President to grant pardon, reprieves, parole or revocation of imprisonment or to revoke, remand or modify the sentence of any person convicted of an offence.Only the President is empowered to grant discretion in death penalty situations. If a prisoner is sentenced to death by the Sessions Court in a case, the High Court must confirm the conviction. If the convict’s appeal to the Supreme Court fails then he can lodge a ‘mercy petition’ with the Indian President. DEATH PENALITY CRIMES: The crimes such as - Murder, this is punishable by death as provided for in section 302 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. - Rape, A person who inflicts injuries in a death-causing sexual assault or is left in a “persistent vegetative state” can be punished with death under the 2013 Criminal Law Act. - Kidnap or abduction, Section 364A of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, specifies that abduction that does not result in murder is a crime punishable by execution. - Treason, Any person who declares or tries to wage war against the government and encourages officers, troops or members of the Navy, Army, or Air Force to commit a mutiny shall be given the death penalty. - Drug dealing, dacoity with murder, espionage and military offense, a person who commits murder during an armed robbery is also punishable to the death penalty. If the murderer is killed, the kidnapping of the murderer for the money is punishable with death penalty. The involvement with organized crime, whether it leads to murder, is punishable by execution. Committing or helping another person to execute Sati is often punishable by the death penalty. The procedure of execution can be two types Hanging and Shooting.Only after a death sentence has been issued by a session trial court must a decision be drawn up by a High Court to finalize it. When certified by the High Court, the convicted person has the right to appeal the Supreme Court. If this is not practicable, or if the Supreme Court dismisses the appeal or declines to hear the petition, the person convicted may send a ‘Petition for Mercy’ to the President of India and the Governor of the State. According to India’s constitutional system, mercy petitioning the President is the last constitutional resort a prisoner may take when convicted by the law court. CLASS OF OFFENDERS EXCLUDED FROM CAPITAL PUNISHMENT: According to Indian law, there is no execution of a minor who is under 18 at the time of committing a felony, pregnant ladies, intellectually handicapped persons are excluded from capital punishment. IS CAPITAL PUNISHMENT CONSTITUTIONAL? India’s constitution grants every person a basic right to life subject to deprivation by the process defined by the statute, it has been claimed by abolitionists that the death penalty in its present nature breaches the right of the individual to live. There are several moral luminaries that contend that under Indian criminal laws the death penalty being maintained being detrimental to one’s right to live. In the case of Jagmohan Singh v State of U.P.the very first time the constitutionality of Capital Punishment has been questioned. Here the plaintiff opposed the death penalty on the grounds of violations of Sections 19 and 21.The Supreme Court held that the selection of death sentences is made in accordance with the law-setting procedure. It is observed that on the basis of circumstances and facts, nature of crime recorded during trial, the judge makes the choice between capital sentence and imprisonment of life. In Rajendra Prasad v. State of U.P.,the judge ruled that capital punishment should not be permissible until it had been established that the convict was harmful to society. The educated judge pleads the removal of the death penalty and has said that it will not be maintained for “white collar offences.” It was also established that the death sentence for the murder crime given under section 302 of the I.P.C. did not infringe the fundamental provision of the constitution. In Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab,it was clarified that the constitutional bench of the Supreme Court, in keeping with a just, fair and equitable process laid down by statute, accepted Article 21 as the privilege of the State to deprive a citizen of his freedom. In fact, the fundamental structure of the Constitution has not been abused by the death sentence for the murder offence provided under Section 302 I.P.C. The Supreme Court’s decision in Mithu vs. State of Punjab 1988 (3) SCC 607, notes that mandatory death sentence is unconstitutional. The Supreme Court, in the case of Machhi Singh v State of Punjab1983 SCR (3) 413, ruled that “the death penalty has a deterrence impact and serves a social function” and claimed that the death penalty is legally legitimate. It is obvious from a review of the above scenario that death penalty is deemed lawful in India, given the failure of many legislative efforts to abolish the death penalty in India, and is prevalent in India to this day, as is evident from the recent scenario of Ajmalameerkasab, which was executed in 2012. When the offender gets a death sentence it is more than just a retribution, in the name of justice and rule we destroy or kill a human. Killing an individual is unethical, and demonstrates a lack of regard for human existence. Yet seeking the death penalty doesn’t mean anyone loves the murderer. When a death sentence is enforced, it removes the possibility of progress that could have improved a person’s existence. Sometimes capital punishment is morally right, because it helps the government. It protects the public. The country’s people will cry out about their rights. Capital punishment is conducted in a civilized manner. This is the only penalty the offences done are comparable. Indian penal code 1860, section 302. 1973 SCR (2) 541 1979 SCR (3) 78 (1980) 2 SCC 684 The Portland Observatory Learn about the history and use of this Portland landmark. Lessons explore history, communications, science, and museum visits, among other topics. Come inside! Longfellow & the Forging of American Identity Thirty teachers from Maine and Massachusetts have undertaken an intensive two year study of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's life and poetry through a program created by the Maine Humanities Council with funding from the National Endowment for the Humanities. The program–Longfellow and the Forging of American Identity–is designed to bring the life and work of Maine's Henry Wadsworth Longfellow back into the curriculum–in English, Social Studies, American Studies, Art, Music, and other subjects. See their work! Using Source Documents in the Classroom This lesson plan introduces teachers how to use a source document and the Maine Memory Network in classrooms. It can be used in any grade and will require one or more source documents, which can be found by searching the Maine Memory Network for the topic of your choice. Download the lesson plan (PDF, 16K) Mapping Portland, 1690 - 1900 Historical maps, like all historical documents, can be interpreted in many ways. This lesson plan uses five maps to trace the development of Portland from its earliest settlements. Interested in sharing a lesson plan that you've created? 天猫双11237个品牌销售破亿国货占据过半 “他不是博士Z.“““谁?“““星巴克的孩子。你知道的,BattlestarGallactica的星巴克。”““她?-““他,“我打断了你的话。软沉重的脚步声听起来外面的地毯的地板上,两人的脚步。铁锹的脸了。他的眼睛不再骚扰。他很快就打开了门。”你好,汤姆,”他说barrel-bellied高Burritt街上跟他交谈的侦探,而且,”你好,中尉,”汤姆旁边的人。” 巴克一直坚持到他在松顿的正上方。然后他转过身来,以一列特快列车的速度降落在他身上。松顿看见他来了,而且,巴克像个捣蛋的公羊一样袭击了他,在他身后的电流中,他伸出双臂,紧紧地搂着那蓬松的脖子。Dalrei不得失败你。””静静地向前走。”
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art, readying it for output to printing plates or digital press. Saddle stitch: Binding a booklet or magazine with staples in the seam where it folds. Scanner: Device used to make colour separations, halftones, duo tones and tri tones. Also a device used to scan art, pictures or drawings in desktop publishing. Score: A crease put on paper to help it fold better. Screen angles: The pre determined angles at which halftone, duo tones, tri tones, and colour separations are placed to make them look right. Self-cover: Using the same paper as the text for the cover. Shadow: The darkest areas of a photograph. Show-through: Printing on one side of a sheet that can be seen on the other side of the sheet. Side guide: The mechanical register unit on a printing press that positions a sheet from the side. Side stitch: Binding by stapling along one side of a sheet. Signature: A sheet of printed pages which when folded become a part of a book or publication. Silhouette halftone: A term used for an outline halftone. Skid: A pallet used for a pile of cut sheets. Specifications: A precise description of a print order. Spine: The binding edge of a book or publication. Split fountain: Putting more than one ink in a printing fountain to achieve special colour affects. Spoilage: Planned paper waste for all printing operations. Spot varnish: Varnish used to highlight a specific part of the printed sheet. Spreads: Reader - In the same sequence one would read. Printer - Sequenced in order to produce a bound copy. Stamping: Term for foil stamping. Step-and-repeat: A procedure for placing the same image in multiple places. Stet: A proof mark meaning let the original copy stand. Stock: The material to be printed, usually paper and sometimes plastic. Substance weight: A term of basis weight when referring to bond papers. Substrate: Any surface on which printing is done. Tints: A shade of a single colour or combined colours. Transfer tape: A peel and stick tape used in business forms. Transparency: A positive photographic slide on film allowing light to pass through. Transparent ink: A printing ink that does not conceal the colour under it. Trapping: The ability to print one ink slightly over the other along the edges to avoid gaps if fit isn't exact. Trim marks: Similar to crop or register marks. These marks show where to trim the printed sheet. Trim size: The final size of one printed image after the last trim is made. Under-run: Production of fewer copies than ordered. See over run. Up: Printing two or three up means printing multiple copies of the same image on the same sheet. UV coating: Liquid laminate bonded and cured with ultraviolet light. Environmentally friendly. Varnish: A clear ink applied to printed surfaces for looks and protection. Can be applied to a specific area or overall. Verso: The left hand page of an open book. Vignette halftone: A halftone whose background gradually fades to white. Washup: Removing printing ink from a press, washing the rollers and blanket. Certain ink colours require multiple washups to avoid ink and chemical contamination. Waste: A term for planned spoilage. Watermark: A distinctive design created in paper at the time of manufacture that can be easily seen by holding the paper up to a light. Web: A roll of printing paper. Web press: The name of a type of presses that print from rolls of paper. Wire O: A bindery trade name for mechanical binding using double loops of wire through a hole. Wire-O binding: A method of wire binding books along the binding edge that will allow the book to lay flat using double loops. See Wire O. With the grain: Folding or feeding paper into the press or folder parallel to the grain of the paper. Work and tumble: Printing one side of a sheet and turning it over from the gripper to the tail to print the second side using the same side guide and plate for the second side. Work and turn: Printing one side of a sheet and turning it over from left to right ussing the same side guides and plate for the second side. Wove paper: A paper having a uniform unlined surface with a smooth finish. Stanobolic è una delle decine di sintetico "copie" di steroidi anabolizzanti androgeni prodotto da laboratori farmaceutici sotterranei o venduti da negozi di steroidi nel mondo. Prima di utilizzarlo, sapere quali steroidi tali prodotti replicano per quanto riguarda i benefici, aspettative, e come sempre, potenziali effetti collaterali. Stanobolic, altrimenti noto come la forma iniettabile di Stanozolol aka Winstrol Depot, è un iniettabile 50 mg di steroidi androgeni anabolizzanti prodotto da Asia Pharma e altre sotterraneo (UG) laboratori. E 'facile da trovare on-line, ma quanto è efficace? E 'efficace come altri steroidi androgeni anabolizzanti? Acquista on-line qui Winsol. Massa muscolare magra Perdita di grasso Sollevamento pesi Perfor-mance Bulking Guadagni di massa Sommario Stanobolic è uno steroide androgeno anabolizzante sintetico che è noto da un numero di sinonimi, soprannomi, e nomi chimici (sopra 130). E 'semplicemente un altro nome dato al steroide prodotto da Asia Pharma per finalità di marketing. Il farmaco è promosso come identici a Winstrol Depot e che offre gli stessi vantaggi. Che cosa fa esattamente?? Come un “alternativa” steroidi androgeni anabolizzanti, e derivato del diidrotestosterone, un metabolita del testosterone, Stanobolic è un forte steroide venduto in 10 soluzione iniettabile mL vial contenente 500 mg di Stanozolol. In passato, Stanozololo è stato utilizzato brevemente nel trattamento di una condizione nota come angioedema ereditario. Questa condizione ha causato gravi ritenzione di liquidi nel corpo, noto in faccia, mani e piedi, e genitali. Stanozolol è mai stato un farmaco approvato dalla FDA negli Stati Uniti, ed è stato interrotto da tempo per l'uso su esseri umani. Lo stesso vale per molti paesi in tutto il mondo. Tuttavia, Stanozolol è ancora usato in alcuni ambienti di cura veterinaria. Originariamente sviluppato alla fine del 1950, Lo stanozololo non è identico agli ormoni steroidei endogeni o carrozzeria prodotta a causa di una modifica della sua struttura che metabolizza rapidamente. Ha capacità di anabolizzanti potenti con moderata potenziale androgeni, significa un ridotto rischio di effetti collaterali indesiderati da culturisti compresi ginecomastia e ritenzione idrica. Il meccanismo d'azione principale di Stanozolol è quello di colpire e legarsi ai recettori degli androgeni. Queste proprietà anabolizzanti sono in grado di: Nonostante i suoi vantaggi come sopra menzionato, varie forme di Stanozolol, compresi Stanobolic prodotto da laboratori sotterranei, può anche scatenare reazioni indesiderate, a seconda della qualità del prodotto. Asia Pharma non è l'unico produttore di Stanozolol “repliche”. Culturisti troverà altro fornitori come British Dragon, Casablanca Pharmaceuticals, e Desma, tra gli altri che vendono lo. Prima dell'acquisto, prendere il tempo alla ricerca di questi laboratori e da dove vengono. Fare riferimento alle recensioni e commenti lasciati dai precedenti utenti dei loro prodotti sul thread di discussione forum costruzione del muscolo da tavolo o recensioni che forniscono informazioni dettagliate per quanto riguarda il dosaggio, Risultati, e gli effetti collaterali. Stanobolic fornisce alcune opzioni per culturisti. Per esempio: Stanobolic consigli dosaggio dipendono dalla sua forza milligrammi, aspettative, e di genere. E 'noto per avere una vita attiva di circa 48 ore, anche se per qualche, gli effetti possono durare più a lungo. raccomandazioni di dosaggio per gli uomini vanno da Stanabolic 50 mg a 100 mg al giorno. Le donne sono avvertiti di usare un dosaggio molto più basso, media 25 mg a 50 mg a settimana. mentre Stanobolic (Stanozolol) è promosso come essere delicato sul corpo, e senza una tendenza per aromatizzare, ritenzione idrica causa, o alta pressione sanguigna, ogni individuo sperimenterà risultati diversi. Utilizzo di qualsiasi steroidi androgeni anabolizzanti, se è il grado farmaceutico o di un prodotto fabbricato in un laboratorio sotterraneo, ha il potenziale di causare effetti collaterali. Lo stesso vale per le forme di Stanozolol. Più anabolizzanti androgeni gli steroidi hanno il potenziale di: Quando alla ricerca di informazioni specifiche sull'utilizzo, Risultati, e potenziali effetti collaterali associati con Stanobolic, informazione è un po 'carente. Per questo motivo, cercando di risorse mediche per quanto riguarda gli effetti di Stanozolol può rivelarsi più illuminante. Alcuni di questi studi (su piccoli animali come i ratti, perché gli studi clinici e gli studi non possono essere condotti su esseri umani utilizzano Stanozolol per scopi non medici) identificati diversi potenziali pericoli del consumo: Stanobolic, o qualsiasi forma di Stanozolol, può fornire alcuni vantaggi per i bodybuilder, ma gli effetti collaterali e reazioni avverse sono sempre una possibilità. Linea di fondo: essere consapevoli di dove proviene il tuo steroide, la reputazione del laboratorio sotterraneo, e naturalmente, reazioni personali. Iniziare con il dosaggio più basso per gli effetti e guardare per gli effetti collaterali. Se si verificano effetti collaterali Stanobolic, diminuire il dosaggio, diminuire la frequenza delle iniezioni, o interrompere l'uso.AzololAzolol 5mgDesma WinstrolMenabolNeurabolRexobolRexoginStanabolStanobolicStanoJectStanol steroideStanozoland 10mgStrombafortStromba StanozololMarche di WinstrolWinstrol Zambon The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) requires you to pay capital gains taxes when you make a profit off the sale of capital assets, such as stocks. If you live in a state that requires you to pay a state income tax, you may face additional taxation on stock gains. The amount of tax you must pay, if any, can depend on how long you own the stock, your total income and the total earnings you receive from your stock investment. The IRS requires you to report and pay taxes on earnings from capital assets. Capital assets can include your home and its furnishings, or investment instruments, such as stocks and bonds. Depending on where you live, your state may also require you to report and pay taxes on capital gains. To determine capital gains earnings, you must know the basis of your stock holdings. The basis typically means the price at which you purchase a share of stocks. You do not have to pay taxes on the basis of your stocks, only earnings that exceed the basis. For example, if you purchase a share of stock for $50, the basis of the share is $50. If you sell the same share for $65, you must report a capital gain of $15. Long-Term vs. Short-Term Gains The IRS categorizes capital gains as short-term or long-term based on how long you own them. If you sell a share of stock after holding it for a year or less, the IRS considers your earnings a short-term gain. Earnings from shares of stocks you have owned more than one year are considered long-term gains. You typically must pay higher taxes on short-term capital gains, compared to long-term gains. You may also face different tax rates on long-term and short-term gains in states that require you to file an income tax return. Net Capital Gains Net capital gains from stocks may also have an impact on your tax liability. Net capital gains are long-term earnings on a share of stock that exceed long-term losses on the same share. The IRS typically taxes net capital gains at a lower rate than other types of investment income. Federal capital gains tax rates vary, and can depend on the category of your stock earnings, such as net, long-term or short-term gains. Most long-term capital gains are taxed at a rate of 15 percent. However, a short-term capital gain is taxed at the same rate as your personal income tax rate. The rate of capital gains tax you must pay on a state level, if any, can vary depending on where you live. If you incur higher losses than gains on your stock investments, you can use the loss to reduce your income on your federal taxes. As of August 2011, the IRS allows you to write off up to $3,000 in capital losses, depending on you tax filing status. If you have losses that exceed the amount the IRS allows you to report, you can carry over the additional losses to the future filing years. The amount of capital losses you can report on a state tax return may vary from state to state. - Comstock/Comstock/Getty Images Sampling methodology for Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). (a) Environmental sampling. An environmental test must be done for each poultry house in accordance with § 118.5 (a) and (b). Within each poultry house, you must sample the environment using a sampling plan appropriate to the poultry house layout. (b) Egg sampling. When you conduct an egg test required under § 118.6, you must collect and test the following number of eggs from the positive poultry house: (1) To meet the egg testing requirements of § 118.6(c), you must collect and deliver for testing a minimum of 1,000 intact eggs representative of a day's production. The 1,000-egg sample must be tested according to § 118.8. You must collect and test four 1,000-egg samples at 2-week intervals for a total of 4,000 eggs. (2) To meet the monthly egg testing requirement of § 118.6(e), you must collect and deliver for testing a minimum of 1,000 intact eggs representative of a day's production per month for the life of the flock. Eggs must be tested according to § 118.8. Title 21 published on 2012-04-01 The following are only the Rules published in the Federal Register after the published date of Title 21. For a complete list of all Rules, Proposed Rules, and Notices view the Rulemaking tab. This is a list of United States Code sections, Statutes at Large, Public Laws, and Presidential Documents, which provide rulemaking authority for this CFR Part. 次卧床头朝哪个方向好(主卧和次卧床头一个方向好吗?) 1、床头的朝向是南北朝向为好,而人睡眠朝向是头北脚南比较好。根据地球磁场的原理,家里床的摆放应该以南北向为好,人睡觉时应该头北脚南,这种睡觉的朝向对人的身体有利。 2、地球是一个无比巨大的磁场,其磁力线由北极出来,经地球表面而进入南极。人体的生物电流通道与地球磁力线方向相互垂直,地球磁场的磁力就成为人体生物电流的一种阻力,要恢复正常运行达到新的平衡状态,必须消耗大量的热量,提高代谢能力。长此以往,当机体从外界得不到足够的能量补充,气血运行有就会失常,产生病态,同时,为了达到新的平衡状态,消耗的能量以热的形式围绕在床上,使得在睡觉时的温度升高,心里烦躁,难以入睡。 3、根据这个道理,人睡觉时采取头北脚南的姿势,使磁力线平稳地穿过人体,最大限度地减少地球磁场的干扰。人体内的生物大分子就会从杂乱方向的排列改成定向排列,人体内的电流方向即气血运行方向同地球的磁场磁力线平行。 4、睡眠方向顺应了磁力线,在磁场力的作用下,气血运行畅通。这样的睡眠方向,使人代谢降低,能量消耗减少,利于血液通畅,提高睡眠质量。 Currents, oceanographic fronts and eddies swirl around
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شما چیه؟ لطفا از مطرح کردن سوالات عمومی خود در پیام خصوصی جدا خودداری فرمایید. سلام دوستان میشه نظرتون رو راجع به رشد جوجه ی لوتینوم بدید،به نظرتون بهتر شده؟البته پرهای سرشو مامانش کنده عروس هلندی های رضا قلیخانی - صفحه 23 فاصله ی زمانی عکسی که تو پست قبلی گذاشتم با این عکس ها 4 روز هست ممنون در حال حاضر 2 کاربر در حال مشاهده این موضوع است. (0 کاربران و 2 مهمان ها) 苗名小草,亦能利窍兼散少阴风气之结也。岭南人解蛊,凡饮食时,先用炙甘草一寸嚼之,其中毒随即吐出。 《本经》主咳逆上气,温疟寒热,洗洗在皮肤中,妇人漏下,绝子,诸恶疮疡,金疮,发明当归气味俱浓,可升可降,入手少阴、足太阴厥阴血分,凡血受病,及诸病夜甚必须用之。若补脾胃非此引用不能行,盖于土中泻水也。 得人参、白蜜,名大半夏汤,治呕吐反胃。发明酸浆利湿除热清肺,治咳化痰,痰热去而志定气和矣。 发明蔚入手少阴、足厥阴血分,活血行气,有补阴之功。一小儿痘未出透,遍身作痛,此热毒郁滞,而未尽发于外也,先用活命饮,一剂而痛愈,用参四圣散而结靥。 Mathematicians search reality, beauty and magnificence, in mathematics itself and in our work with researchers studying elementary questions in a number of other disciplines. Different necessary necessities: Increased English at Grade A or B AND a Higher Humanities or Language subject at Grade A or B. Higher Mathematics at Grade B. In total, MIT students dominated within the demanding six-hour mathematics competitors, taking 45 of the top one zero one spots. There are quite a few arms on activities that can be performed within the science camp that will follow the basic principles of STEM to make the learning impactful and long lasting. These requirements outline what college students ought to understand and be able to do in their study of mathematics. They first began teaching their ugly scholastic pseudo-mathematics to their college students, then to schoolchildren (forgetting Hardy’s warning that ugly mathematics has no permanent place underneath the Sun). The goals of this research to determine effect of TEMPO learning mannequin on mathematical problem-fixing potential. Mathematics could also be defined because the examine of relationships amongst quantities, magnitudes and properties, and likewise of the logical operations by which unknown quantities, magnitudes, and properties may be deduced†(Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia) or “the study of quantity, construction, space and change” (Wikipedia). Do you’ve got college students struggling to know primary math ideas such as sorting, numeracy, or operations? Mathematicians search and use patterns 6 7 to formulate new conjectures ; they resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proof When mathematical structures are good fashions of real phenomena, then mathematical reasoning can provide perception or predictions about nature. The time period applied mathematics additionally describes the skilled specialty wherein mathematicians work on practical issues; as a occupation targeted on sensible issues, applied mathematics focuses on the “formulation, examine, and use of mathematical models” in science, engineering, and different areas of mathematical practice.anonymous,uncategorized,misc,general,other Buying Faculty Band Instruments The return of mathematical instructing at all ranges from the scholastic chatter to presenting the important area of pure science is an espessially scorching drawback for France. mathematics its content methods and meaning (3 volumes in one), mathematics subject classification 2000, mathematics subject classification 2015 pdf, mathematics subject classification 2010 pdf, mathematics its content methods and meaning review It appears as if our mathematical prediction software program is getting slightly good today. Utilized mathematics is the branches of mathematics that are involved in the study of the physical, biological, or sociological world. It offers a manipulative equipment to assist students to apply their studying in hand-on play. We’re the hub for mathematics education and research on the University of Pennsylvania. It ought to have been for a very long time a science based mostly on commentary – a purely statistical science, which can’t be true in every case. The proficiency strands describe the actions wherein students can have interaction when learning and using the content. Nesin Mathematics Village Since 2001, the Russian Academy of Sciences (mathematical section), the Steklov Mathematical Institute, the Moscow Depatment for Training and the Moscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education manage a summer season faculty, unique in its choice of professors and participants. The creator of my mathematical components says that level stakes make small income and you will not likely get rich from doing that. Centre for Mathematical Sciences, College of Cambridge, UK. By the way in which, because of the total freedom of the members to choose the courses, experienced mathematicians must generally face critical competitors from their younger colleagues. Topology in all its many ramifications may have been the best progress area in 20th-century mathematics; it consists of point-set topology , set-theoretic topology , algebraic topology and differential topology Particularly, instances of contemporary-day topology are metrizability concept , axiomatic set theory , homotopy concept , and Morse principle Topology also consists of the now solved Poincaré conjecture , and the nonetheless unsolved areas of the Hodge conjecture Different results in geometry and topology, including the 4 coloration theorem and Kepler conjecture , have been proved only with the help of computer systems. mathematics subject classification 2018, mathematical modelling pdf, mathematics subject classification 2015 pdf My Mathematical Method is a horse racing system that truly has been around for a alongside time. A formulation based system uses a predetermined mathematical system for entry and exit factors based mostly on specific tips programmed into the system. Mathematics shares much in common with many fields within the physical sciences, notably the exploration of the logical consequences of assumptions. با سلام و عرض ادب خدمت تمامی همراهان وبلاگ نوای قرآن، در این ماه پر خیر و برکت قصد برگزاری یک ختم قرآن کریم را داریم و از شما میخواهیم در صورت امکان از این طرح استقبال کنید. هر تعداد جزء که میتوانید بخوانید را برای ما ارسال نمایید تا در زیر مشخص شود. اگر برایتان امکان دارد این مطلب را در وبلاگتان منتشر کنید تا دیگران نیز از وجود آن با خبر شوند. ------------------------- کسانی که در این طرح شرکت کرده اند After the Pope’s shocking announcement of his resignation yesterday, I kept wondering about the timing. Why not resign right away? Why not resign at the beginning or end of a liturgical season? Why not resign on a major feast day? And why 8:00PM? Pope Benedict XVI announced that he will abdicate the Papal throne at 8:00PM local time on February 28. I believe that most everything he does is symbolic and rich in meaning, as we saw with his gesture of laying his pallium on the tomb of Celestine V. So, if the timing of his resignation is symbolic and meaningful, how so? First, the date: I believe the date of Pope Benedict’s resignation is tied to the death of John Paul II. Before you call me crazy, let me explain: If you calculate the time from John Paul II’s birth to death, it is 31,000 days (counting his birth-day 05/18/1920, but not his “death-day” 04/02/2005). He died 46 days short of his 85th birthday at the age of 84 years, 10 months and 15 days. Now Benedict XVI is going to resign exactly 31,365 days (counting his birthday 4/16/1927, but not his resignation day 02/28/2013) after his own birth, at the age of 85 years, 10 months and 14 days. Benedict XVI will have served as Pope exactly one year, or 365 days, later into his life than John Paul II. Now, how about the time? Most official things in the Church–like bishop appointments–happen at noon, Rome time (CEST). The Church calendar officially changes dates at midnight–hence midnight Masses (despite the liturgy of the hours of a feast beginning the evening before). So noon or midnight would have been logical, normal, explainable times for the Pope to step down. So, why 8:00pm? Well, John Paul II was born at 5:30PM UTC+1 and died at 9:37PM UTC+1. Benedict was born at 8:30AM UTC+1 and will resign at 8:00PM UTC+1. So to be extremely precise, from John Paul II’s birth to death was 31,000 days, 4 hours, 7 minutes. From Benedict XVI’s birth to resignation will be 31,365 days, 11 hours, 30 minutes. So the exact difference between JPII’s birth-to-death and Benedict’s birth-to-resignation will be 365 days, 7 hours and 23 minutes. Ok, I have to confess at this point that the time does not seem particularly significant, only the date. If 8:00PM is meaningful, I can’t figure out why. However, I do think it is remarkable that Benedict will serve exactly one year later into life than John Paul II. - 2021-07-17 03:12:17 [xún zhǐ] 寻址 语音 编辑 锁定 上传视频 寻址是数据恢复技术的基础,是定位数据和扇区的关键。寻址这个概念比较抽象,简单的说是磁头在盘片上定位数据的一个过程。如果你想找到你的计算机中的一个文件,你可能会在Windows中先打开我的电脑、分区、文件夹,再打开你要找的文件。这是表面的寻找文件的过程,而磁头在盘片的寻找过程就是寻址。 寻址在数据恢复中为什么非常重要?因为当数据出现丢失的情况后,你在我的电脑、分区、文件夹下就找不到这个文件了,甚至找不到文件夹和分区。 计算机有多种寻址方式,如立即数寻址方式,寄存器寻址,存储器寻址方式,与I/0端口有关的寻址方式,又包括直接端口寻址和间接端口寻址。[1] 中文名 寻址 外文名 Addressing类 型 计算机术语 领 域 计算机操作系统 分 类 逻辑寻址和物理寻址 寻址逻辑寻址 语音 逻辑寻址是将硬盘所有扇区认为是一个柱形,扇区从0开始一直排到无穷大。当然硬盘的容量决定扇区的总数。在逻辑寻址中,某一个扇区的描述就是某某某某(数字)扇区。 寻址物理寻址 语音 物理寻址也称C.H.S(Cylinder、Head、Sector)寻址。Cylinder、Head、Sector这三个参数在很多硬盘表面的标签上都有标注其数值。这是硬盘容量大小的计算基础。物理寻址中对某扇区的表述为某某Cylinder某某Head的某某Sector。 硬盘容量=盘面数×柱面数×扇区数×512字节。 寻址寻址方式简介 语音 寻址立即数寻址方式 操作数直接存放在指令中,紧跟在操作码之后的寻址方式就是立即数寻址方式。例如:MOV AX,2345H MOV AL,0EH 。[1] 寻址寄存器寻址 操作数存放在CPU的内存寄存器时,可在指令中指出寄存器名,这就是寄存器寻址方式。例如:MOV AX,BX ;ADD AX,BX。[1] 寻址存储器寻址方式 8086指令系统提供了以下5种针对存储器的寻址方式。直接寻址、寄存器间接寻址、寄存器相对寻址、基址加变址寻址和相对基址加变址寻址。用于说明操作数所在存储单元的地址。由于总线接口单元BIU能根据需要自动引用段寄存器得到段值,所以这五种方式也就是确定存放操作数的存储单元有效地址EA的方法。有效地址EA是一个16位的无符号数,在利用这五种方法计算有效地址时,所得的结果认为是一个无符号数。 [1] (1).直接寻址: 指令中给出的地址码即为操作数的有效地址,就是直接寻址方式 (2).寄存器间接寻址方式 (3).寄存器相对寻址方式 (4).基址变址寻址方式 (5).相对基址变址寻址方式[1] 寻址寻址的区别和应用 语音 逻辑寻址方式和物理寻址方式目前都在使用,很多软件也都可以用两种寻址方式进行定位。不过,由于物理寻址方式相对比较复杂,采用三数字进行定位,硬盘大小不同数值上限不同,起始不同(Cylinder和Head从0起始,Sector从1起始)等等原因,在数据恢复技术中更多的使用逻辑寻址方式完成定位。 寻址寻址操作方法 语音 就是指定指令要进行操作的地址。给定指令操作的地址方法,就是寻址方法。完整的一条指令,应该包含指令符+操作数(当然不包括那些单指令,比如NOT等)。其中的操作数是指令要执行的目标,也就是指令要进行操作的地址。 我们知道,在PLC中划有各种用途的存储区,比如物理输入输出区P、映像输入区I、映像输出区Q、位存储区M、定时器T、计数器C、数据区DB和L等,同时我们还知道,每个区域可以用位(BIT)、字节(BYTE)、字(WORD)、双字(DWORD)来衡量,或者说来指定确切的大小。当然定时器T、计数器C不存在这种衡量体制,它们仅用位来衡量。由此我们可以得到,要描述一个地址,至少应该包含两个要素:1、存储的区域 2、这个区域中具体的位置比如:AQ2.0 其中的A是指令符,Q2.0是A的操作数,也就是地址。这个地址由两部分组成:Q:指的是映像输出区; 2.0:就是这个映像输出区第二个字节的第0位。由此,我们得出,一个确切的地址组成应该是:〖存储区符〗〖存储区尺寸符〗〖尺寸数值〗.〖位数值〗。 分类: 直接寻址,简单的说,就是直接给出指令的确切操作数. 直接寻址方式常用于处理内存单元的数据,其操作数是内存变量的值,该寻址方式可在64K字节的段内进行寻址。注意:立即寻址方式和直接寻址方式的书写格式的不同,直接寻址的地址要写在括号“[”,“]”内。在程序中,直接地址通常用内存变量名来表示,如:MOV BX, VARW,其中,VARW是内存字变量。 间接寻址就是间接的给出指令的确切操作数。间接寻址方式计有两大类型:存储器间接寻址和寄存器间接寻址。 存储器间接寻址指针,是作为指定的存储区域的确切数值单元来运用的。也就是说,指针不包含区域标识,它只是指明了一个数值。 存储器间接寻址的地址给定格式是:地址标识符+指针。指针所指示存储单元中所包含的数值,就是地址的确切数值单元。 存储器间接寻址具有两个指针格式:单字和双字。 单字指针是一个16bit的结构,从0-15bit,指示一个从0-65535的数值,这个数值就是被寻址的存储区域的编号。 双字指针是一个32bit的结构,从0-2bit,共三位,按照8进制指示被寻址的位编号,也就是0-7;而从3-18bit,共16位,指示一个从0-65535的数值,这个数值就是被寻址的字节编号。 指针可以存放在M、DI、DB和L区域中,也就是说,可以用这些区域的内容来做指针。 单字指针和双字指针在使用上有很大区别。单字指针的存储器间接寻址只能用在地址标识符是非位的场合;双字指针由于有位格式存在,所以对地址标识符没有限制。也正是由于双字指针是一个具有位的指针,因此,当对字节、字或者双字存储区地址进行寻址时,必须确保双字指针的内容是8或者8
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7 第三节 股东大会召集--------------------9 第四节 股东大会的提案与通知-----------10 第五节 股东大会的召开-----------------11 第六节 股东大会的表决与决议-----------14 第五章 董事会--------------------------------16 第一节 董事---------------------------17 第二节 董事会-------------------------19 第六章 经理及其他高级管理人员---------------22 第七章 监事会 -------------------------------23 第一节 监事---------------------------23 第二节 监事会-------------------------24 第八章 财务会计制度、利润分配和审计----------25 第一节 财务会计制度-------------------25 第二节 内部审计-----------------------26 第三节 会计师事务所的聘任-------------26 第九章 通知与公告----------------------------27 第一节 通知------------------------27 第二节 公告------------------------27 第十章 合并、分立、增资、减资、解散和清算 ---28 第一节 合并、分立、增资或减资---------28 第二节 解散和清算---------------------28 第十一章 修改章程------------------------------30 第十二章 附则----------------------------------30 1 第一章 总 则 第一条 为维护公司、股东和债权人的合法权益,规范公司的组织和行为,根据《中 华人民共和国公司法》(以下简称《公司法》)、《中华人民共和国证券法》(以下简称《证券法》) 和其他有关规定,制订本章程。 第二条 公司系依照国家《股份制企业试点办法》及《股份有限公司规范意见》和其 他有关规定成立的股份有限公司(以下简称“公司”)。 公司 1992 年 5 月经上海市建设委员会[沪建经(92)第 433 号]文及[沪外资委批字(92) 第 563 号]文批准以募集设立方式,改制成为上海大众出租汽车股份有限公司。1992 年 6 月 2 日,公司正式成立,在上海市工商行政管理局注册登记,取得营业执照。营业执照号码:企股 沪总字第 019006 号(市局) 1994 年 7 月 1 日实施《中华人民共和国公司法》后,公司对照《公司法》进行了规范,并 依法履行了重新登记手续。 第三条 公司于 1992 年 6 月经中国人民银行上海市分行批准,首次向社会公众发行人 民币普通股 6090 万股,于 1992 年 8 月 7 日在上海证券交易所上市;公司向境外投资人发行的 以外币认购并且在境内上市的境内上市外资股为 2500 万股,于 1992 年 7 月 22 日在上海证券交 易所上市。 第四条 公司注册名称:大众交通(集团)股份有限公司 〖英文全称〗 DAZHONG TRANSPORTATION(GROUP) CO., LTD. 第五条 公司住所:上海市中山西路 1515 号 12 楼 公司办公地址:上海市中山西路 1515 号 22 楼 邮 编:200235 第六条 公司注册资本为人民币 2,364,122,864 元。 第七条 公司营业期限为永久存续的股份有限公司。 第八条 董事长为公司的法定代表人。 第九条 公司全部资产分为等额股份,股东以其认购的股份为限对公司承担责任,公 司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。 第十条 本公司章程自生效之日起,即成为规范公司的组织与行为、公司与股东、股 东与股东之间权利义务关系的具有法律约束力的文件,对公司、股东、董事、监事、高级管理 人员具有法律约束力的文件。 依据本章程,股东可以起诉股东,股东可以起诉公司董事、监事、经理和其他高级管理人 2 员,股东可以起诉公司;公司可以起诉股东、董事、监事、经理和其他高级管理人员; 第十一条 本章程所称其他高级管理人员是指公司的副经理、董事会秘书、财务负责人。 第二章 经营宗旨和范围 第十二条 公司的经营宗旨:认真执行党和国家的方针政策,为上海的出租汽车市场提 供良好的服务,为国家和企业积累资金,在保证国家、企业增收的前提下,增加职工收入,保 障股东合法权益,建设社会主义物质文明和精神文明。 第十三条 经公司登记机关核准,公司经营范围是:企业经营管理咨询、现代物流、交 通运输(出租汽车、省际包车客运)、相关的车辆维修(限分公司经营)、洗车场、停车场、汽 车旅馆业务(限分公司经营)、机动车驾驶员培训(限分公司经营);投资举办符合国家产业政 策的企业(具体项目另行报批)(涉及许可经营的凭许可证经营)。 第三章 股 份 第一节 股份发行 第十四条 公司的股份采取股票的形式。 第十五条 公司股份的发行,实行公开、公平、公正的原则,同种类的每一股份应当具 有同等权利。 同次发行的同种类股票,每股的发行条件和价格应当相同;任何单位或者个人所认购的股 份,每股应当支付相同价额。 第十六条 公司发行的股票,以人民币标明面值。 第十七条 公司的内资股,在中国证券登记结算有限责任公司上海分公司集中存管;公 司的境内上市外资股,在中国证券登记结算有限责任公司上海分公司集中存管。 第十八条 公司系由原上海市大众出租汽车公司改制而成,改制成立时经批准发行的普 通股总数为 8590.19 万股,发行国家股 5090.19 万股,占公司可发行普通股总数 59.26%。 第十九条 公司的股份总数为 2,364,122,864 股均为普通股。 3 第二十条 公司或公司的子公司(包括公司的附属企业)不以赠与、垫资、担保、补偿 或贷款等形式,对购买或者拟购买公司股份的人提供任何资助。 第二节 股份增减和回购 第二十一条 公司根据经营和发展的需要,依照法律、法规的规定,经股东大会分别 作出决议,可以采用下列方式增加资本: (一)公开发行股份; (二)非公开发行股份; (三)向现有股东派送红股; (四)以公积金转增股本; (五)法律、行政法规规定以及中国证监会批准的其他方式。 第二十二条 公司可以减少注册资本。公司减少注册资本,应当按照《公司法》以及 其他有关规定和公司章程规定的程序办理。 第二十三条 公司在下列情况下,可以依照法律、行政法规、部门规章和本章程的规 定,收购本公司的股份: (一)减少公司注册资本; (二)与持有本公司股份的其他公司合并; (三)将股份用于员工持股计划或者股权激励; (四)股东因对公司股东大会作出的公司合并、分立决议持异议,要求公司收购其股份; (五)将股份用于转换公司发行的可转换为股票的公司债券; (六)公司为维护公司价值及股东权益所必需。 第二十四条 公司收购本公司股份,可以下列方式之一进行: (一)证券交易所集中竞价交易方式; (二)要约方式; (三)中国证监会认可的其他方式。 其中,公司因本章程第二十三条第一款第(三)项、第(五)项、第(六)项规定的情形 收购本公司股份的,应当通过公开的集中交易方式进行。 第二十五条 公司因本章程第二十三条第(一)项、第(二)项规定的情形收购本公 司股份的,应当经股东大会决议;因第(三)项、第(五)项、第(六)项规定的情形收购本 公司股份的,应经三分之二以上董事出席的董事会会议决议。 4 公司依照第二十三条第一款规定收购本公司股份后,属于第(一)项情形的,应当自收购 之日起十日内注销;属于第(二)项、第(四)项情形的,应当在六个月内转让或者注销;属 于第(三)项、第(五)项、第(六)项情形的,公司合计持有的本公司股份数不得超过本公 司已发行股份总额的百分之十,并应当在三年内转让或者注销。公司股东大会可授权董事会或 董事会授权相关人士决定公司因本章程第二十三条情形收购本公司股份之具体实施方案。 收购本公司股份后,公司应当依照《证券法》的规定履行信息披露义务。 第三节 股份转让 第二十六条 公司的股份可以依法转让。 第二十七条 公司不接受本公司的股票作为质押权的标的。 第二十八条 发起人持有的公司股票,自公司成立之日起 1 年以内不得转让。公司公 开发行股份前已发行的股份,自公司股票在证券交易所上市交易之日起 1 年内不得转让。 公司董事、监事、高级管理人员应当向公司申报其所持有的本公司的股份及其变动情况; 在其任职期间每年转让的股份不得超过其所持有本公司股份总数的 25%;所持本公司股份自公 司股票上市交易之日起 1 年内不得转让。上述人员离职后半年内,不得转让其所持有的本公司 股份。 第二十九条 公司董事、监事、高级管理人员、持有本公司股份百分之五以上的股东, 将其所持有的本公司股票在买入后六个月内卖出,或者在卖出后六个月内又买入,由此所得收 益归本公司所有,本公司董事会将收回其所得收益。但是,证券公司因包销购入售后剩余股票 而持有 5%以上股份的,卖出该股票不受 6 个月时间限制。 公司董事会不按照前款规定执行的,股东有权要求董事会在 30 日内执行。公司董事会未在 上述期限内执行的,股东有权为了公司的利益以自己的名义直接向人民法院提起诉讼。 公司董事会不按照第一款的规定执行的,负有责任的董事依法承担连带责任。 第四章 股东和股东大会 第一节 股 东 第三十条 公司依据证券登记机构提供的凭证建立股东名册,股东名册是证明股东 5 持有公司股份的充分证据。股东按其所持有股份的种类享有权利,承担义务;持有同一种类股 份的股东,享有同等权利,承担同种义务。 第三十一条 公司召开股东大会、分配股利、清算及从事其他需要确认股东身份的行 为时,由董事会或股东大会召集人确定股权登记日,股权登记日收市后登记在册的股东为享有 相关权益的股东。 第三十二条 公司股东享有下列权利: (一)依照其所持有的股份份额获得股利和其他形式的利益分配; (二)依法请求、召集、主持、参加或者委派股东代理人参加股东会议,并行使相应的表 决权; (三)对公司的经营行为进行监督,提出建议或者质询; (四)依照法律、行政法规及公司章程的规定转让、赠与或质押其所持有的股份; (五)查阅本章程、股东名册、公司债券存根、股东大会会议记录、董事会会议决议、监 事会会议决议、财务会计报告; (六)公司终止或者清算时,按其所持有的股份份额参加公司剩余财产的分配; (七)对股东大会作出的公司合并、分立决议持异议的股东,要求公司收购其股份; (八)法律、行政法规及公司章程所赋予的其他权利。 第三十三条 股东提出查阅前条所述有关信息或者索取资料的,应当向公司提供证明 其持有公司股份的种类以及持股数量的书面文件,公司经核实股东身份后按照股东的要求予以 提供。 第三十四条 公司股东大会、董事会决议违反法律、行政法规的,股东有权请求人民 法院认定无效。 股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者本章程,或者决议 内容违反本章程的,股东有权自决议作出之日起 60 日内,请求人民法院撤销。 第三十五条 董事、高级管理人员执行公司职务时违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的 规定,给公司造成损失的,连续 180 日以上单独或合并持有公司 1%以上股份的股东有权书面请 求监事会向人民法院提起诉讼;监事会执行公司职务时违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的规定, 给公司造成损失的,股东可以书面请求董事会向人民法院提起诉讼。 监事会、董事会收到前款规定的股东书面请求后拒绝提起诉讼,或者自收到请求之日起 30 日内未提起诉讼,或者情况紧急、不立即提起诉讼将会使公司利益受到难以弥补的损害的,前 款规定的股东有权为了公司的利益以自己的名义直接向人民法院提起诉讼。 他人侵犯公司合法权益,给公司造成损失的,本条第一款规定的股东可以依照前两款的规 定向人民法院提起诉讼。 第三十六条 董事、高级管理人员违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的规定,损害股东 6 利益的,股东可以向人民法院提起诉讼。 第三十七条 公司股东承担下列义务: (一)遵守法律、行政法规和公司章程; (二)依其所认购的股份和入股方式缴纳股金; (三)除法律、法规规定的情形外,不得退股; (四)不得滥用股东权利损害公司或者其他股东的利益;不得滥用公司法人独立地位和股 东有限责任损害公司债权人的利益; 公司股东滥用股东权利给公司或者其他股东造成损失的,应当依法承担赔偿责任。 公司股东滥用公司法人独立地位和股东有限责任,逃避债务,严重损害公司债权人利益的, 应当对公司债务承担连带责任。 (五)经董事会二分之一以上董事有理由认为单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行 动人继续收购公司股份并可能成为公司实际控制人,因此导致公司中层以上管理人员主动或以 任何理由离职的,该股东应当向离职人员一次性支付额外遣散费用,除非离职人员本人书面放 弃该项权利。 对于董事会认为单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行动人继续收购公司股份并可能 成为公司实际控制人的情况,该单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行动人对该等认定持 有异议的,应当就其主张提供充分证据证明。若无证据证明或证据不足,则董事会认定当然有 效。 (六)法律、行政法规及本章程规定应当承担的其他义务。 第三十八条 持有公司百分之五以上有表决权股份的股东,将其持有的股份进行质押 的,应当自该事实发生当日,向公司作出书面报告。 第三十九条 公司的控股股东、实际控制人员 不得利用其关联关系损害公司利益。违 反规定的,给公司造成损失的,应当承担赔偿责任。 公司控股股东及实际控制人对公司和公司社会公众股股东负有诚信义务。控股股东应严格 依法行使出资人的权利,控股股东不得利用利润分配、资产重组、对外投资、资金占用、借款 担保等方式损害公司和社会公众股股东的合法权益,不得利用其控制地位损害公司和社会公众 股股东的利益。 第二节 股东大会的一般规定 第四十条 股东大会是公司的权力机构,依法行使下列职权: 7 (一)决定公司经营方针和投资计划; (二)选举和更换非由职工代表担任的董事,决定有关董事的报酬事项; (三)选举和更换非由职工代表出任的监事,决定有关监事的报酬事项; (四)审议批准董事会的报告; (五)审议批准监事会的报告; (六)审议批准公司的年度财务预算方案、决算方案; (七)审议批准公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案; (八)对公司增加或者减少注册资本作出决议; (九)对发行公司债券作出决议; (十)对公司合并、分立、解散和清算或者变更公司形式等事项作出决议; (十一)修改公司章程; (十二)对公司聘用、解聘会计师事务所作出决议; (十三)审议批准第四十一条规定的担保事项; (十四)审议公司在一年内购买、出售重大资产超过公司最近一期经审计总资产 30%的事 项; (十五)审议批准变更募集资金用途事项; (十六)审议股权激励计划; (十七)对公司因本章程第二十三条第(一)、(二)项规定的情形收购本公司股份作出决 议; (十八)审议法律、行政法规、部门规章或公司章程规定应当由股东大会决定的其他事项。 第四十一条 公司下列对外担保行为,须经股东大会审议通过。 (一)本公司及本公司控股子公司的对外担保总额,达到或超过最近一期经审计净资产的 50% 以后提供的任何担保; (二)公司的对外担保总额,达到或超过最近一期经审计总资产的 30%以后提供的任何担保; (三)为资产负债率超过 70%的担保对象提供的担保; (四)单笔担保额超过最近一期经审计净资产 10%的担保; (五)对股东、实际控制人及其关联方提供的担保。 第四十二条 股东大会分为年度股东大会和临时股东大会。年度股东大会每年召开一 次,并应于上一个会计年度结束后的六个月之内举行。 第四十三条 有下列情形之一的,公司在事实发生之日起两个月以内召开临时股东大 会: (一
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d behind the subject to avoid shadows on the background. Then you'll need to light the subject. These lights should not shine on the background, since this could compromise its consistency. Backlighting is critical here because it helps avoid a halo effect where the background color "blooms" around the outline of the subject. If you're attempting to insert the subject seamlessly into a specific background, consider how the background scene is lighted and attempt to match that in your studio. At the very least, make sure the primary lights are shining from the same direction so that the shadows all point in the same direction. Even if your background and lighting are perfect, if the image acquired by the camera is noisy, the quality of the overlay will suffer. We used two cameras in our tests, a Sony DCR-VX2000 (2000-vintage, 3-CCD prosumer) and an older Sony DCR-TRV9 one-chip consumer camera. We got very good results with the VX2000, but the TRV9 was totally inadequate for two of the three applications that we tested, and marginal for the third. It's possible that some newer one-CCD camcorders can produce sufficient quality for a clean chromakey, especially if the scene is really well-lit, which somewhat negates the poor low-light performance of most consumer camcorders. Under most real-world conditions, however, consider a three-chip camcorder in the Canon GL2/Sony VX2100 class or better. Before shooting, white balance the camera, or set it to indoor lighting if manual white balance isn't available (even if you'll be compositing the video over an outdoor scene). Use manual focus in these shots, especially if the subject is off center, since the detail-less background can send autofocus mechanisms endlessly searching for an accurate focus. Manual exposure is also best to avoid against inadvertent exposure changes caused by reflected light or lighter objects that temporarily appear on screen. As previously mentioned, your subject shouldn't wear clothing with colors similar to the background color. In addition, avoid white clothing, which can easily reflect the background color, and have the subject remove watches, bracelets, and other items that can reflect the background color. The Software Side In many ways, the software side is a breeze after the hassles of setting up and shooting the video. To briefly recount, during the chromakey process, you combine two files, one containing the background video and one containing the video to be superimposed over the background, often called the overlay video. Operationally, you load both files, and then tell the editor which color to ignore in the overlay file. There are many keying techniques, the most basic of which is chroma or color keying, which is the technique we will use in our examples. Apple iMovie Virtually all chromakey software share a common set of basic tools. At the consumer level, you can do chromakey with iMovie with the assistance of an eZedia plug-in called eZeScreen ($39, or you can buy eZeMatte, eZeScreen, and eZeClip, which creates picture-in-picture and split screen effects for $69). To get to the point shown in Figure 3, drag your background clip to the timeline, open the Effects library, select eZeScreen and click the Configure button. When you select the effect and overlay clip, eZedia attempts to set the optimal parameters for you, and does a pretty good job, though in testing I set the controls to zero to make it easier to demonstrate the process. The first step is to identify the background color. Most programs do this with an eyedropper control similar to the Pick control in eZedia; simply click the eyedropper, then touch the background. The hunt is on. The next control shared by most chromakey tools is the Tolerance control, which is often called Similarity. This tells the editor to expand the search from the one color chosen with the eyedropper to an increasing range of similar colors, helping to eliminate minor differences in lighting and shading on the chromakey background. Typically, if you've done a good job setting up and shooting, increasing the Similarity will remove most, if not all of the background color, and produce a clean overlay. The process is simple, you simply increase the Similarity value until the background disappears. Go too far, and bits and pieces of the subject start to erode as well, so back off until you find a good balance. Your next concern is the edges, where the video overlay meets the background video. You'd like the edges to be as smooth as possible because jaggies make the overlay obvious, spoiling the illusion. As with eZeScreen, most programs include a smoothing control to smooth the edges, though they are not always effective. For example, with the eZedia plug-in, even subtle adjustments to the smoothing control started eroding the foreground image, complicating their use and limiting their benefit. Finally, many programs also provide a transparency control that allows you to make the video partially transparent, a la Patrick Swayze in the movie Ghost. In use, eZedia's control proved a touch counter-intuitive, affecting the background wall, not the foreground subject. Overall, however, the plug-in did a credible job, producing a generally clean key with just a hint of a greenish halo over most edges, and occasional jaggies. Definitely well worth the price. Adobe Premiere Pro Frankly, Premiere Pro is very disappointing in the chromakey area, probably because Adobe expects most serious videographers who chromakey to use Adobe After Effects. And it's not an unreasonable expectation, since Adobe makes the Video Collection production bundle so inexpensive. Let's take a quick run through Premiere Pro for a few more concepts, and then we'll move on to After Effects. As with most prosumer timeline editors, you start by loading the background video on the bottom track (Video 1) with the overlay video above it. Then you drag the Chromakey effect from the Effects palette down onto the clip. Though Premiere provides a specific Green Screen Key effect, I generally find that these preset effects don't work very well in real-life situations, so you're better off using the more general Chromakey control. Click the Effect Controls tab in the Monitor window to view the Chromakey controls. Several of the Chromakey controls, like the Color, Similarity, and Smoothing controls, should appear instantly familiar, performing the same functions as in iMovie, while the Opacity effect, directly above the Chromakey effect, controls transparency. The other controls—Blend, Threshold, and Cutoff—are vaguely defined, which complicates operation. For example, regarding the Cutoff control, Premiere's help file instructs, "Drag to the right until the opaque area reaches a satisfactory level." Hmmm. Basically, my approach with controls like these is to wiggle them a bit, see if they help or hurt, and then move on. With most programs you'll quickly zero in on the controls that really matter. The other effect shown in the Video Effects panel is the Garbage Matte, which performs a critical role in many keying effects. Briefly, for a number of reasons, the edges of the overlay video are often a problem area, usually slightly darker than the middle regions and therefore difficult to eliminate. The Garbage Matte lets you draw a free-form trapezoid around the subject, like that shown in the preview window on the right, with all segments outside the drawing in the overlay clip discarded like, well, garbage. Hence the name. Virtually all prosumer programs have a capability like the Garbage Matte, though it may have a different name. If you find yourself going crazy trying to eliminate the outer regions of your overlay clip, find the Garbage Matte (or its equivalent). Premiere's smoothness controls leave a good deal to be desired, which is especially obvious during real-time preview or after you render the clip. For this reason, we'll pay a quick visit to Adobe After Effects. Adobe After Effects If you're editing in Premiere Pro and find the chromakey effect inadequate, load both background and overlay clips into After Effects, apply the chromakey effect, then render a file for re-importing back into Premiere Pro for further editing. Adobe promises a smoother workflow with the next release of the Adobe Video Collection, including the ability to copy and paste tracks from Premiere Pro to After Effects. Incidentally, the Adobe Video Collection is available in two flavors, the Standard Edition (MSRP $999), which includes Premiere Pro, After Effects Standard Edition, the authoring program Adobe Encore DVD, and the audio editor Adobe Audition. The Adobe Video Collection Professional ($1,499) includes After Effects Professional, Premiere Pro, Adobe Photoshop, Encore DVD, and Audition. One of the most significant differences between After Effects Standard Edition and After Effects Professional is a keying plug-in. Space doesn't allow me to provide a step-by-step workflow in After Effects, which is generally similar to Premiere Pro, though unfortunately not nearly as user-friendly. In After Effects, the basic work unit is a Composition, which you create by choosing Composition > New Composition from the main menu. After you name the composition, After Effects opens a new timeline where the work actually occurs. Import assets by choosing File > Import in the main menu, which loads the files into the project bin. From there, drag the background video to Track 1 on the timeline, and then drag the overlay video to the timeline, dropping it above the background video into Track 1, which pushes the background video to Track 2. Select the overlay video by touching the Source name in the timeline, then add the Color Key effect by choosing Effect > Keying > Color Key from the main menu. After Effects loads the effect controls into an Effects Control window. By this point, the Color Key controls should be very familiar; an eyedropper to select the color, a Tolerance control to expand the range of values, and Edge Thin and Feather controls to smooth the edges. Beneath the color key is another tool called Spill Suppressor, inserted by choosing Effect > Keying > Spill Suppressor. Operationally, the Spill Suppressor hunts out any background coloring that spills over from the Color Key process and converts it to gray, making it much less visible. Many color-suppression tools are integrated into the keying process, automatically suppressing the color selected with the Color Key eyedropper. Because you can use After Effects color suppression tool with or without the Color Key effect, it has its own eyedropper for suppressing the color to suppress. Obviously, you want spill suppression to work on the same color as the Color Key effect. To make this so, click the spill suppressor's eyedropper to make it active, then click the color swatch next to the Key Color effects. Then fiddle with the other controls until you achieve the desired result. Spill suppression is one of the marks of a professional compositing program, and combining the two effects produces a very powerful result, the best you can get with the Standard Edition of After Effects. Step up to the Professional Edition, however, and you get the Keylight plug-in, which is one of the most powerful chromakey tools available, in part because it does much of the work for you. Interestingly, however, there is always some risk in simply accepting the automatic settings of any keying program. This is apparent if you compare the Clear section of the preview window on the right, with the Grayed are on the left. Whenever applying a chromakey effect, it's good practice to shift the overlay video a bit to the side so you can see if the effect is leaving residue on the background video. It's easy enough to fix. However, since the residue is so subtle, you probably wouldn't notice it unless you actually shifted the overlay video and looked for it. This is no knock on the Keylight plug-in; it's a must-have tool for chromakey producers using the Adobe Video Collection. Still, just remember, anytime an effect works "automatically" it should trigger a thought to verify the results. Serious Magic ULTRA Serious Magic's ULTRA (MSRP $795) is a compositing tool that wears two hats. First, you can use it solely for its extraordinary compositing capabilities, inserting your background and overlay videos and producing a combined clip for additional editing. Also, you can use the product to insert chromakeyed subjects into "virtual sets" that simulate offices, living rooms, or space stations, and even move the subject around the room. I'll briefly touch on both functions. As a compositor, ULTRA offers the familiar set of tools, with one significant difference. Specifically, in addition to allowing you to broaden the search for background colors with a threshold or sensitivity control, ULTRA lets you choose multiple points to eliminate in the background, which helps with inconstancies like shadows and other background imperfections. These points are shown as plus signs on the screen. This, plus comprehensive keying, spill suppression, and edge softness controls (Soften Matte, Sharpen Matte), and the ability to zoom into the image to work at high magnifications (via the Magnify Preview slider on the bottom) produced some of the smoothest, clearest keying in our tests. Even better, you don't need a computer science degree to run the software; it's very easy to use. ULTRA offers exceptional virtual set capabilities. I used the software is compositing a video of me into a virtual newsroom and then showing a different video in the television screen over my left shoulder. (If you must know, I was converting some 8mm film to DV tape; this was a Halloween video from the early Sixties). These effects are very easy to produce, and introduce a whole new level of creativity into your video productions, especially considering the ability to pan and zoom around the virtual set without distortion. If you're seriously into chromakey effects, and your video editor isn't getting the job done, consider Serious Magic ULTRA, especially if you're a less than sophisticated user who may not be up to the challenge of the Premiere Pro or After Effects interfaces. You'll produce very high-quality effects, with the added bonus of the virtual set capabilities. Composite and Spin: Inserting Spinning Logos Our whirlwind tour has taken us halfway around the compositing world and the question that's burning in your brain somehow remains unanswered: "How in the world do I create and use cheesy spinning logos?" The product of choice here is Ulead's Cool 3D Production Studio (MSRP $129). Operation is easiest when using objects and effects from Cool 3D's EasyPalette. For example, to create the spinning logo shown in Figure 12, I dragged in a model, customized the text and rendered as a 320x240 resolution, 32-bit AVI file with an alpha channel, which designates the background as transparent. Chose File > Export Video Overlay > AVI from the Cool 3D menu to produce a similar file. When inserting a logo like this into most editors, treat it much as you would a still image, placing it on a track above the background video and sizing and positioning the video as desired. Most editors, like Premiere Pro and After Effects, automatically key out the background, so you may not even have to apply an effect. If you need to, use an alpha channel key, which should eliminate the background without any adjustment. Companies Mentioned in this Article Adobe Systems, Inc., www.adobe.com Apple Computer, Inc., www.apple.com eZedia, Inc., www.ezedia.com Serious Magic, www.seriousmagic.com Ulead Systems, Inc., www.ulead.com لطفا صبرکنید 25444 یکی از مسائل مهمّ در عصر ظهور امام زمان (عج)، پیشرفت و رشد علوم مادی و معنوی است. علم در این زمان به بالاترین حدّ پیشرفت می رسد؛ همان طور که روایاتی مانند حدیث ذکر شده در پرسش به آن تصریح کرده اند. باید توجّه داشت که این روایت و روایات همانند آن، نمی گویند که همه مردم فوری، بیست و هفت حرف علم را در
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paralitico a Betesda in Giovanni 5:1-15. Nutrire i 5000 in Giovanni 6:5-14. Gesù che cammina sulle acque in Giovanni 6:16-24. Guarire il cieco dalla nascita in Giovanni 9:1-7. Qual è la differenza tra Giovanni e i vangeli sinottici? Il vangelo di Giovanni è diverso dagli altri tre del Nuovo Testamento. Questo fatto è stato riconosciuto fin dalla stessa chiesa primitiva. Mentre nei tre vangeli sinottici Gesù in realtà mangia un pasto pasquale prima di morire, nel vangelo di Giovanni non lo fa. L’ultima cena viene effettivamente consumata prima dell’inizio della pasqua. In che modo Giovanni è simile ai Vangeli sinottici? Ad esempio, il Vangelo di Giovanni è simile ai Vangeli sinottici in quanto tutti e quattro i libri dei Vangeli raccontano la storia di Gesù Cristo. In modo simile, i Vangeli sinottici e Giovanni fanno riferimento a molti degli stessi singoli eventi accaduti durante il ministero pubblico di Gesù. Chi è il primo angelo di Dio? Daniele è la prima figura biblica a riferirsi a singoli angeli per nome, menzionando Gabriele (il principale messaggero di Dio) in Daniele 9:21 e Michele (il santo combattente) in Daniele 10:13. Questi angeli fanno parte delle visioni apocalittiche di Daniele e sono una parte importante di tutta la letteratura apocalittica. Cosa sono i 4 Omnis di Dio? Onnipotenza, Onniscienza e Onnipresenza. Qual è il numero di Gesù? In alcune numerologie cristiane, il numero 888 rappresenta Gesù, o talvolta più specificamente Cristo Redentore. Questa rappresentazione può essere giustificata sia attraverso la gematria, contando i valori delle lettere della traslitterazione greca del nome di Gesù, sia come valore opposto a 666, il numero della bestia. Qual è la sfida del Vangelo? The Gospel Challenge è un’iniziativa di M2 Ministries pensata per aiutare coloro che vogliono prendere sul serio il comando di Gesù di andare e fare discepoli. Queste otto lezioni, Otto tratti del discepolo di Gesù, si concentrano su otto comportamenti che erano distinguibili nella vita dei primi seguaci di Cristo. Chi è il padre di Lucifero? Questa pagina riguarda il padre di Lucifero, comunemente indicato come “Dio”. per l’attuale Dio, Amenadiel. Dio è uno dei due co-creatori dell’Universo e il padre di tutti gli angeli. Chi era il figlio di Gesù? Jacobovici e Pellegrino sostengono che le iscrizioni aramaiche che recitano “Giuda, figlio di Gesù”, “Gesù, figlio di Giuseppe” e “Mariamne”, nome che associano a Maria Maddalena, conservano insieme la testimonianza di un gruppo familiare composto da Gesù, suo moglie Maria Maddalena e figlio Giuda. Qual è il nome della moglie di Dio? Dio aveva una moglie, Asherah, che il Libro dei Re suggerisce fosse adorata insieme a Yahweh nel suo tempio in Israele, secondo uno studioso di Oxford. Nel 1967, Raphael Patai fu il primo storico a menzionare che gli antichi israeliti adoravano sia Yahweh che Asherah. Historically, Zen Buddhism originates in the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama. Around 500 B.C. he was a prince in what is now India. At the age of 29, deeply troubled by the suffering he saw around him, he renounced his privileged life to seek understanding. After 6 years of struggling as an ascetic he finally achieved Enlightenment at age 35. After this he was known as the Buddha (meaning roughly "one who is awake"). In a nutshell, he realized that everything is subject to change and that suffering and discontentment are the result of attachment to circumstances and things which, by their nature, are impermanent. By ridding oneself of these attachments, including attachment to the false notion of self or "I", one can be free of suffering. The teachings of the Buddha have, to this day, been passed down from teacher to student. Around 475 A.D. one of these teachers, Bodhidharma, traveled from India to China and introduced the teachings of the Buddha there. In China Buddhism mingled with Taoism. The result of this mingling was the Ch'an School of Buddhism. Around 1200 A.D. Ch'an Buddhism spread from China to Japan where it is called (at least in translation) Zen Buddhism. What is Zen? (the real question) This question basically asks "What is the essence of Zen?". It appears in various guises throughout Zen literature, from "What is the meaning of Bodhidharma's coming from the West?" to "Have you eaten yet?". The question cuts right to the heart of the matter and can only be answered by you. Perhaps the best answer is "practice". Why do people post such nonsense to this group? One of the central points of Zen is intuitive understanding. As a result, words and sentences have no fixed meaning, and logic is often irrelevant. Words have meaning only in relation to who is using them, who they are talking to, and what situation they are used in. Some postings are indeed nonsense; other postings appear to be nonsense at first but this is because the meaning is all between the lines. Zen and poetry have gone hand in hand for centuries. Instructions For The Practice Of Zazen (Sitting This zazen FAQ is based (with modification) on the publication Shikantaza: An Introduction to Zazen published by the Kyoto Soto-Zen Center. Some sectarian differences are noted under Difficulties and Expedients. The main text is minimalist in aiming to present what is most common in as many teaching lines as Shashu is performed by placing the thumbtip of the left hand as close to the left palm as comfortable and making a fist around it. Place the fist in the center of the chest and cover it with the right hand. Keep the elbows away from the body with the forearms parallel to the floor. Isshu is the same as shashu but with the left fist turned thumb side toward the chest. Left fist and thumb are parallel to the floor and not vertical as in shashu. Hokkaijoin (Cosmic Mudra) is performed in the following manner. Place your right hand palm upward in your lap against the lower abdomen. Place the left hand palm upward on top of the right. The second joints of the middle fingers should be touching, and your fingers parallel. Raise the thumbs up opposite the fingers and touch the thumb tips lightly together; forming an oval between the thumbs and fingers. The thumb tips should join at the approximate level of the navel. In some Tibetan teaching lines the right hand is placed on top of the left. Place a thick mat (zaniku or zabuton) in front of the wall and place a small round cushion (zafu) on it. Sit on it facing the wall. There are several positions for the legs. If not too cold sit with bare feet. Leave your wristwatch off. The cross legged positions provide greatest stability. To sit in full lotus, place the right foot on the left thigh and then the left foot on the right thigh. To sit in half lotus place your left foot on your right thigh. Try to cross the legs firmly so that a stable tripod of support is provided by the knees and the base of the spine. The order of the crossing of the legs may be reversed. It is also possible to simply sit on the floor with one foreleg in front of the other or kneeling using a bench or a cushion. To sit in a chair, place the feet flat on the floor and use a cushion to elevate the seat so that the upper thighs fall away from the body and follow the rest of the applicable instructions. Rest the knees firmly on the zaniku, straighten the lower back, push the buttocks outward and the hips forward, and straighten your spine. Pull in your chin and extend the neck as though to support the ceiling. The ears and shoulders should be in the same plane with the nose directly above the navel. Straighten the back and relax shoulders, back, and abdomen without changing posture. Keep the mouth closed placing the tongue with the tip just behind the front teeth and the rest of the tongue as close to the roof of the mouth as comfortable. Keep the eyes at least slightly open cast downward at a 45 degree angle without focusing on anything. If closed you may slip into drowsiness or daydreaming. Rest the hands palm up on the knees and take 2 or 3 deep abdominal breaths. Exhale smoothly and slowly with the mouth slightly open by pulling in on the abdominal wall until all air has been expelled and inhale by closing the mouth and breathing naturally. Hands still on the knees sway the upper half of the body left to right a few times without moving the hips. Sway forward and back. These swayings are at first larger and then smaller enabling you to find the point of balance of your posture. Finally, place your hands in Hokkaijoin (Cosmic Mudra, the oval shape against your abdomen described above under Hand Positions). In some Rinzai and Tibetan teaching lines it is recommended that one feel a sense of strength in the abdomen in breathing, that the exhala- tion be done in a very slow smooth and gradual way or a very slight contraction of the anus on exhalation (this should be so slight it may be more felt as an intention than as a physical contraction) be per- formed. While these recommendations have their origin in energy yogas (Kundalini and Qigong) some Tibetan and Rinzai teachers recommend their use. Theravada and Soto teachers in general do not recommend this approach. Soto especially emphasizes just observing the breath as it is without trying to improve it in any way. Specifically, Dogen states that counting the breath and following it are not quite zazen and recommends avoiding their use. Some lineages (mostly Rinzai) recommend a long period of breath counting before simply practicing zazen, others (mostly Soto) do not. Similarly, some recommend that if you are without a teacher, only practice breath counting not zazen, others encourage practice with or without a teacher. Counting the breath may be done on inhalations, exhalations or both depending on what you find useful. Count from one to ten and then simply start over again at one. Be aware of the count and the breath and try to maintain continuous awareness of both. If you find that you are constantly losing the count, try counting to five. Following the breath is done by watching the rise with inhalation and fall with exhalation of the abdomen with each breath. The abdominal wall is viewed as a leaf slowly waving in response to the in and out breaths. Maintain awareness of the entire posture as much as possible and watch the breath reach and leave the lower abdomen. Please note that opposite breathing (abdomen in on exhalation, out on inhalation) is a Taoist Qigong (energy yoga) method and is not appropriate to do with zazen since it has a specific, health related purpose. Keizan Zenji recommends settling awareness in the abdomen if bothered by distracting thoughts and above the eyebrows or at the hairline if bothered by drowsiness. Others recommend watching contact of the air with the nostrils or upper lip if drowsy. Dogen Zenji mentions only the palm of the left hand as a point of concentration in difficulties. Hakuin Zenji also mentions slowly scanning the attention from the top of the head downward throughout the body, like following a slowly melting substance as a specific remedy against excess nervousness in zazen. These are mentioned here only as examples of the expedient devices that have been adopted by others. Remember these are only for use in difficulty, the norm of awareness for zazen is to be awake without preference to everything in the universe regardless of whether it is inside or outside the body. Be awake to everything over and over again, that is the essential art of zazen. Glossary, some terms related to Zen Buddhism briefly A monk asked Joshu, 'Does a dog have Buddha nature?'Koans may be used discursively or as objects of meditation. Joshu replied, 'Mu.' (literally: without or lacking) On The Use Of Words "Bodhisattavas never engage in conversations whose resolutions depend on words and logic." These words, attributed to Shakyamuni Buddha 2,500 years ago, embody the attitude Zen has towards the use of words. Truth and Meaning have existence beyond and independent of words. Words may or may not contain truth. Ultimately the awakening to our fundamental enlightened mind, is beyond descriptions possible in words. Words are convienient tools or sounds limited by the both the nature of sound itself, and the minds of both speaker and listener. Ever try explaining how a certain food tastes to someone who's never tasted that particular food before? When you were finished did you think they really knew the taste? Could they honestly, just from your description, say they've tasted it? No they couldn't. But you could, through the use of language, build motivation in the person to taste the food for themselves (at which point they they'd probably be more than happy to tell you how your description was lacking!) In that exact same way, Zen Masters use words only to coax, prod, push, or drag a person to enlightenment, both as an experience and a way of life. Zen has little use for words which don't precipitate or point to, Awakening. Even logic must take a far, far, second place to the all important task of a personal realization of the unborn, undying, pure wisdom source which is the birthright of every human. For more specific and philosophical discussion on the use of words refer to the Surangama and Lankavatara Sutras. You can find both these sutras in "A Buddhist Bible" (the first book on the reading list). Introductory Reading List The following short list of books is meant to help the beginner gain, not only a philosophical understanding of Zen, but also, at least, an intellectual understanding of why the practice of Zazen is the primary practice of Zen. There are many other good books available, so many that space on this FAQ does not permit anything close to a comprehensive list. Instead we give this short list which covers most fundamental aspects of Zen, Zen practice, and Zen Buddhism. Most of the writers in this list have written more than one book, so if you like your first taste of a particular author, you are encouraged to pick up other titles by the same author. There are also many other wonderful writers and books on this subject, this list is introductory only. You are encouraged to use your intuition when selecting material to read (or not). May these books be the starting point of your own path to Awakening. A Buddhist Bible Edited by Dwight Goddard: This is the classic work which began many of the beatnik Zen practioners of the sixties (including Jack Kerouac) on the path. There are certain books which are considered gateway books, that is to say, books that introduce whole generations of people to Zen and this is one of them. Even if you would like to practice Zen without being a Buddhist, it is important to understand the practical and philosohical ties between the two. This book serves this purpose well, while keeping a Zen slant. In addition to the two sutras mentioned earlier, this book also has translations of the Diamond Sutra, Dao De King (more popularly known as Tao Te Ching), the Platform Sutra of the Sixth Zen Patriarch (See NOTE) the Awakening of Faith Shastra, solid fundemantal discusions of the historical Buddha and his teachings. The latest reprint has a foreward by Aitken Roshi. NOTE: This particualar translation of the Sixth Patriarch's Platform Sutra is worded in a way which might be easier understood by reading other translations. Buddhism; A Way of Thought and Life
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kültürünü benimsemiş olan Macapahit idarecilerine karşı bir korunma vasıtası olarak ortaya çıkınca İslâmî çevre bir anda genişledi. Kuzey sahilleri halkı da İslâmiyet'i kabul etti ve silâha sarılarak Macapahit-ler'e karşı savaştı. 1520 yıllarında De-mak Sultanı Raden Patah son Macapahit idarecisine karşı zafer elde ederek Hindu yönetimine son verdi. İslâmiyet'in bağımsızlığa ulaşmada önemli bir unsur teşkil ettiğinin anlaşılması üzerine önceki dönemde idareci sınıfı oluşturanlar durumlarını korumak için İslâmiyet'i kabul etmek zorunda kaldılar. Böylece yeni düzende kendilerine bir yer edinerek sosyal hayattaki eski durumlarını kısmen de olsa koruyabildiler. XVI. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru Orta Cava bölgesinde Mataram Sultanlığı adıyla geniş bir politik güç ortaya çıktı (1585). Bu yeni devlet Cava kuzey sahili İslâm devletleri gibi tamamen İslâmî bir devlet görüntüsü vermedi. Mataram idarecileri müslüman olmakla birlikte onların yönetiminde eski Hindu Macapahit Krallığı döneminden kalma birtakım politik unsurların izlerini görmek mümkündür. Mataram Sultanlığı yönetiminde eski döneme ait Macapahit idareci ve aristokratları faaliyetlerini sürdürdüler. Mataram hukuk sistemi kuzey sahili devletlerindeki gibi Kur'ânî esaslara değil geleneksel Cava hukuk düzeninin ağırlığını koruduğu bir sisteme dayanıyordu. Bununla beraber bu sistemin İslâmî esaslardan çok uzak olduğu da söylenemez. Sunan Giri gibi dinî liderler Madura ve Molukkalar arasında büyük bir otoriteye sahiptiler. Mataram hâkimi Sultan Agung 1613-1646I, 1628 yılında Sunan Giri'nin gücünü denemek için harekete geçti ve onu yenerek esir aldı. Bundan sonra Sultan Agung dinî liderlere karşı mücadelesini devam ettirdi. Kuzeyde bulunan limanlardan Lasem (1616). Tuban (1618), Gresik (1622I, Su-rabaya (I625) ile Madura adasının (I627) Sultan Agung tarafından işgal ve tahribi Cava'riın dış ticaretini ve deniz ulaşımını olumsuz yönde etkiledi. Avrupalı sömürgecilerden Hollandalılarla İngiliz ve Danimarkalılar bu durumdan çok istifade ettiler. Hollandalılar 1619'da eski Sunda Kalapa veya Cakarta'nın bulunduğu yerde Batavia'yı kurarak Mataram hâkiminin arazisinde ticarî ve idarî bir merkez elde etmiş oldular. Bu tarihten sonra ne 1631'den beri Cava'nın batısında bağımsız bir sultanlık olan Bentem-liler, ne de Mataramlılar onları bu topraklardan çıkarabildiler. Bu arada Hollandalılar, ticarî bir şirket gibi görünen fakat birçok siyasî faaliyetleri olan Birleşik Doğu Hindistan Şirketi'ni3 faaliyete geçirdiler. Sultan Agung'dan sonra gelen oğlu Susuhunan 1. Amangkurat (1645-1677) babasının yolunu takip ederek kuzey sahili devletlerinin dinî liderlerini kılıçtan geçirdi ve böyiece Mataram Orta Cava Sultanlığı, siyasî otoritesinde boşluk doğurduğu iddiasıyla bu müslüman devletlere karşı da tam bir düşman kesildiğini göstermiş oldu. Mataram liderleri kendilerinin Macapahit Devleti'nin bir devamı olduklarını söylemeye başladılar. Ancak bu dönemde de İslâm'a katılanlar çoğaldı ve İslâm kültürü Hint-Cava kültürü yanında etkinliğini korudu. Yine bu yıllarda İslâm düşünce tarihi içinde yerini alan vahdet-i vücûd'culuk akımı da kendini gösterdi. Burada İslâm âleminin diğer bölgelerindekilerden farklı bir şekilde ortaya çıkan bu akımda Hint felsefî görüşünün izlerine rastlandı ve neticede Cava'daki velîlerden biri olan Şeyh Siti Jenar karıştırıcı ve inanç bozucu fikirlerinden dolayı idam edildi; gerçek İslâm akidesini öğretmek üzere de Orta Cava köylerine irşad için din adamları gönderildi. Bu arada Mataram yöneticileri tenkit edilmeye başlandılar; bunun üzerine I. Amangkurat babası Sultan Agung gibi Doğu Cava'daki müslü-manlara karşı baskı ve hatta tenkil hareketlerine girişti. Bunun sonucunda Doğu Cava'da müslümanların haklarını müdafaa için Madura Prensi Trunajaya başkanlığında ayaklanmalar meydana geldi. 1. Amangkurafın Ölümü üzerine yerine geçen oğlu Susuhunan 11. Amangkurat (1677-1703) babası gibi Hollandalılar'-la iş birliği yaparak gittikçe gelişen müslüman hareketini bastırma çabaları içine girdi ve onların yardımıyla başarı sağladı. Bu yardıma karşılık olarak Hollanda-lılar'a Pasisir limanlarının idaresi bırakıldı ve 11. Amangkurat sömürgeci Hol-landalılar'la iş birliği içinde hüküm sürmeye devam etti. 1718-1723 Surabaya savaşlarında Mataram Devleti ile Hollandalılar yine ortak hareket ettiler; onlara karşı olan kuvvetler ise daima İslâm mefkuresine bağlı kaldılar. Cava'da İslâm'a ve müslüman-lara karşı sürekli mücadele içinde olan Hollandalıların bu tutumlarını 7 Aralık 1643 tarihli kilise deklarasyonunda açıkça görmek mümkündür. Burada Batavia belediyesi ve mühtedi paganlar bahane edilerek hükümete müslüman okullarının kapatılması ve sünnet geleneğine son verilmesi tavsiye edilmekteydi. Hollanda hükümeti 1726'da şiddet Ölçüsünü biraz daha arttırarak müslümanların Doğu Hindistan Şirketi gemileriyle hacca gitmelerini yasakladı. Ancak daha sonra bu gibi sert tedbirlerin kendileri için kötü sonuçlar doğurabileceğini hesaplamaya başladılar. Çünkü Cavalı müslü-manların hacca gitmeye karşı özel bir tutkuları vardı ve hacca dinî bir emir olması yanında ayrıca büyük bir sosyal değer veriyorlardı. XVI. yüzyıldan sonra bu eğilimin halk arasında daha da artmış olduğu söylenebilir. Cavalı liderler "sultan" unvanını ancak hacca gittikleri zaman kazanabiliyorlardı. Sultan Agung şer'î mahkemeler ve diğer meselelerde müslümanları üzen uygulamalarına rağmen hacca giderek bu unvanı almış ve İslâmî çevrelerde Sultan Abdul Muham-med Mevlânâ Mataranî adıyla anılmıştır. Cavalı diğer bir lider olan Sultan Haci de 1669-1671 ve 1674-1676 yıllarında iki defa Mekke'ye gitmiş ve Sultan Ebünnazar Abdülkahhâr adını almıştı. Sömürgeci Hollandalılar toplum içinde üstün tutulan hac vazifesini yerine getirmiş kişilerden daima çekinmişler, İngilizler ise bölgede bulundukları süre içinde hacca gitmeyi daha da zorlaştırmışlardır. Geçici İngiliz yönetimi döneminde (1811-1816) burada görevli bulunan idareciler hacca gitmeyi politik bir suç olarak görmüşler ve haca zorlaştırıcı tedbirlere başvurarak hacılardan ada içindeki seyahatlerinde dahi pasaport sormuşlardır. Hollandalılar, halk arasında üstün bir ilmi ve etkinliği olduğu sanılarak aşırı saygı gösterilen bu gibi kişilerin önderliğinde herhangi bir ayaklanmanın kolaylıkla ortaya çıkabileceğine inanmışlar ve onları birinci derecede tehlike kabul etmişlerdir. Gerçekten de hacdan dönen kişiler toplum içinde sömürgecilerin hoşuna gitmeyecek birçok önemli görevler ifa etmişlerdir. İslâm kardeşliği ve birliği üzerinde duran hacılar ülkedeki müslümanlann diğer İslâm üm-metleriyle beraber olduklarını hissetmeleri ve kuvvet bulmaları gerektiğini anlatmışlardır. Böylece müslümanlar sömürge kuvvetlerine karşı yanlız olmadıklarını kabul etmişler ve daima bağımsızlığa kavuşma özlemini içlerinde taşımışlardır. Bunun sonucunda Cavalılar'da kâfire karşı yürütülecek bir cihad hareketi, her an için gerçekleşmesi beklenen ve hazırlığı yapılan bir Özlem olmuştur. Sömürgeci Hollandalıların zamanla Cava mahkemelerine ve mahallî siyasî meselelere müdahalesi çoğaldıkça müslüman ve hıristiyanlar arasındaki çizgi keskinleşmiş. münasebetler sertleşmiştir. Bu sertleşmelerin sonucu olarak 1742'de Semarang"da Hollanda garnizonuna yapılan bir baskınla 450 Hollandalı kılıçtan geçirilmiştir. Dinî inanç ve akımların izlerini 1825-1830 yılları arasında süren Cava Savaşı'nda da görmek mümkündür. Cava 1808 yılından itibaren Avrupalı sömürgecilerin planlı bir şekilde yayılma hareketlerine mâruz kaldı. Halk arasında bu hareketlere karşı zaman zaman ayaklanmalar görülmüştür. Bunların en ciddi olanı Prens Diponegoro (ö. 1855) başkanlığında gerçekleşti. II. Amangku-buwono döneminde dindar bir kişiliğe sahip olan ana kraliçe Ratu Ageng tarafından saraydan ve saray entrikalarından uzakta yetiştirilen ve 1803'te onun Ölümü üzerine arazilerinin İdaresini üstlenen Prens Diponegoro dinî ilimler tahsil etmişti. 1805 yılında yirmi yaşında iken Cokyakarta civarında bulunan İslâmî ilim merkezlerini ziyaret ederek ulemâ ile görüştü ve sonraları da bu ziyaretlerine devam edip Cava "da yaşayan geniş müslüman halk kitleleriyle sürekli temas halinde bulundu. Bu arada halkın sosyal hayatı ve iktisadî problemleriyle ilgilenen Prens Diponegoro 1825 yılında Hollandalılar'ın şer'î mahkemelere müdahale etmesi üzerine sömürge idaresine karşı başkaldırdı. Zaten sömürge idarecilerinin keyfî hareketleri, yerli halkın çeşitli baskı ve iktisadî zorluk altında yaşamakta oluşu ve manevî değerlere karşı idarecilerin saygısız hareketleri böyle bir ayaklanmanın zeminini hazırlamıştı. Prens Diponegoro, şartların oluşması ve olayların gelişmesiyle bir anda Avrupalı sömürgeci güçlere karşı başlayan, aristokratlarla dinî grupların da katıldıkları halk hareketinin lideri haline geldi. Tarihe Cava Savaşı olarak geçen bu mücadele 1825-1830 yılları arasında devam etmiş ve Avrupalı sömürgeci güçleri bir hayli uğraştırmıştır. Hollanda sömürge ordusunun Palembang ve Bone bölgelerinde seferde oluşu dolayısıyla Cava'daki hareket ilk anda halkın lehine gelişme gösterdi. Fakat daha sonra General de Kock Orta Cava'ya gelerek Susuhunan ve Surakarta gibi liderleri Diponegoro ile iş birliği yapmamaları hususunda ikna etti. Buna rağmen "sultan" ve "Cava'da İslâm'ın savunucusu" sıfatlarını alan Prens DiponegoroHol-landalılar'a karşı mücadelesini başarıyla sürdürdü. Ancak 1828'de yerli halk arasında çıkan kolera ve 1829'da amcası Mangkubumi ile en güvendiği kumandanı Sentot'un Hollandalılara sığınması hareketi zayıflattı. Savaşın sonunda esir edilen Diponegoro sürgüne gönderildiği Makassar (Ujungpandang) şehrinde 1855-te vefat etti. 20 milyon florine mal olduğu hesaplanan bu savaşırr bedeli de sonradan yine Cava köylü ve çiftçisinden çıkarıldı. Müslüman Cava halkı sömürgeciliği hazmedemeyen ve yabancı idaresine karşı daima isyan eden bir ruh hali içinde bulunmuştur. Nitekim XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Hollandalılarca karşı gelişen köylü ayaklanmaları daima İslâmî düşünceden kaynaklanmış ve din adamlarının liderliğinde gerçekleşmiştir. Bölgede geçici İngiliz idaresi döneminde adanın batı tarafında bulunan Ben-tem gibi sultanlıkların topraklan ve ayrıca Orta Cava ile doğu kesimlerindeki önemli bölgeler Hollanda Hindistanı arazisine katılmış, böylece Hollanda sömürge idaresi yeni toprak ilhakları sonucunda adanın yaklaşık % 93'ünü eline geçirmişti. 1870 ve 1910 yılları arasında Hollandalılar Cava adasında sömürge idaresi kurallarını en katı biçimde uygulamışlar ve bu dönem zarfında Cava halkının sosyal bünyesinde manevî değerler açısından büyük tahribat meydana getirmişlerdir. Bu dönemde Cava'da İslâmî kaynaklı köylü ayaklanmaları o kadar arttı ki sonunda Hollanda hükümeti müsteşrik C. S. Hurgronje'yi bir İslâm politikası oluşturması için yeni kurulan Yerli İşler Bü-rosu'na4 tayin etti (1889). Hurgronje ve diğer Hollanda idarecileri müslüman halka itikad ve ibadetle ilgili hususlarda tam bir hürriyet tanımalarına rağmen siyasette İslâm birliği (panislâmizm) taraftarı fikir ve hareketleri şiddetle takip edip bastırmışlardır. Bu konudaki her türlü kitap, mecmua ve gazetenin ülkeye girişini yasaklamışlar ya da sansüre tâbi tutmuşlardır. Öte yandan hacca yönelik kısıtlamaları kışkırtıcı olduğu düşüncesiyle 1905'te kaldırarak bir yumuşamanın oluşmasına ve dinî tarafsızlığın devlet idaresinde hâkim kılınmasına çalışmışlarsa da müslüman halkla sömürge idarecileri arasındaki düşmanlık ve güvensizlik duyguları hiçbir zaman kaybolmamıştır. Aksine bu durum Cava'da birtakım İslâmî uyanış hareketlerinin doğuşuna zemin hazırlamıştır. 1900'lerden sonra hıristiyan misyoner okullarının gittikçe yayılması ve Hollanda hükümetinin bu okullar lehine müslümanlara baskı yapması, mevcut dinî eğitim ve öğretimin yetersizliği eğitim görmüş Cava-lı müslümanlan uyandırmış ve çeşitli dinî teşekküller kurmalarına sebep olmuştur. Hollanda sömürge idaresine karşı İslâmî kaynaklı bağımsızlık mücadelesini destekleyen ilk millî ve siyasî hareketler de yine Cava adasında ortaya çıkmıştır. Şehirlerde yaşayan ve genellikle ticaretle meşgul olan müslümanlar. ticari faaliyetlerinin XX. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren Çinliler'in rekabeti karşısında tehdit edildiğinin farkına vardılar. 1905 yılında, Orta Cava'da Surakarta'da Endonezya millî hareketinin babası sayılan Hacı Samanhudi. yerli tüccarlara yardım etmek ve dinî hayatı canlandırmak gayesiyle Sarekat Dagang İslam adında bir teşkilât kurdu. 1912'de bu teşkilât ismini Sarekat islam olarak değiştirdi. İlk Endonezya millî hareketi olarak telakki edilen bu teşekkül, kısa bir süre sonra eğitim görmüş genç Cavalılar. dinî liderler, tüccarlar, köylüler ve işçiler arasında taraftar bularak bir siyasî halk hareketi haline dönüştü ve 1920'lerden sonra Hollanda hükümetinden Endonezya için muhtariyet isteklerine olumlu cevap alamayınca Hollandalılarla is birliği yapmama karan aldı. Bu arada dinî reform hareketleri de aynı tarihlerden itibaren Cava'da yayılmaya başladı. Bu yöndeki ilk adım Arap asıllı Cavalılar taraf ından atıldı. 1905 yılında Cakarta'da Jamiyyat al-Khair adlı bir cemiyet kuruldu. Daha sonra 1915'-te aslen Sudanlı olan Şeyh Ahmed Surka-ti de Jamiyyat al-Islah wal-!rsjad adında ayrı bir dernek kurdu. Batı Cava'daki müslüman liderler de harekete geçerek Hacı Abdülhalim Önderliğinde 1917de Majalengka şehrinde modernist fikirleri savunan, fakat aynı zamanda da pe-santren adı verilen dinî okullarda yetişen muhafazakâr din âlimlerinin görüşlerine saygı duyan Persjarikatan Ulama adında bir dinî teşekkül kurdular. Bu bölgede kurulan diğer dinî bir teşekkül de 1920'lerden sonra özellikle Bandung şehrinde faaliyet gösteren Persatuan İslam adlı teşekküldür. Ancak bu alandaki en önemli kuruluş, Orta Cava'nın Cokyakarta şehrinde 18 Kasım 1912 tarihinde Kiai Hacı Ahmed Dahlan tarafından kurulan ve günümüze kadar yaşayan Muhammediyye (Muhammadiyah) olmuştur. Muhammediyye'nin, Cava Müs-lümanlığı'nı Hindu tesiri altındaki yerli örf ve âdetlerden kurtarmak, İslâm akî-desini modern bilgi ve düşünceler ışığında yeniden düzenlemek, İslâm eğitiminde ıslahat yapmak. İslâmiyet'i dış tesirler ve hücumlara karşı korumak ve misyonerlerin faaliyetlerini çürütecek şekilde İslâmî programlar hazırlamak gibi temel hedefleri vardı. Muhammediyye 1938'de 8S3 şubeye ve çeyrek milyon üyeye ulaştı. 800'ün üzerinde cami ve mescid, 1700'den fazla ilk ve ortaokul seviyesinde okul. klinik ve yetim yuvaları açarak Cava'da İslâm modernizminin temsilcisi oldu. Cava'da modernizmin gösterdiği gelişme, bir reaksiyon olmak üzere muhafazakâr görüş ve faaliyetlere de bir canlılık ve hız kazandırdı. Muhafazakâr cemaat menfaatlerini korumak için Doğu Cava'nın Surabaya şehrinde 31 Ocak 1926da Jombanglı bir pesantren lideri olan Kiai Hacı Hasjim Asjari önderliğinde toplanarak Nahdatul Ulama adlı bir teşekkül kurdular. Bu teşekkülün her bölg
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qualità audio e persino la completa perdita di segnale. Questi segnali vengono trasmessi da molti dispositivi, inclusi non solo gli auricolari, ma anche i telefoni cellulari di tutti i dipendenti, i router Internet wireless e quasi tutti i dispositivi che trasmettono tramite radiofrequenza. Se uno qualsiasi degli auricolari funziona sulla stessa frequenza, è possibile ottenere anche piccole quantità di diafonia tra i dispositivi, causando interferenze e altro ancora. Anche la costruzione di un edificio e la sistemazione di grandi condotti e mobili possono avere un effetto: grandi quantità di metallo possono creare interferenze per i dispositivi wireless. Poiché le cuffie cablate sono collegate direttamente a un computer, non devono affrontare nessuno di questi problemi di interferenza. Mobilità Sei fondamentalmente legato al tuo computer quando indossi un auricolare cablato. Anche se questo non è un grosso problema se i tuoi dipendenti trascorrono tutto il tempo della chiamata alla loro scrivania, può essere un problema se hanno bisogno di libertà di movimento. A seconda della lunghezza del cavo, un auricolare cablato può anche rendere difficile per i dipendenti sedersi comodamente senza rischiare di scollegare l'auricolare. A seconda del tipo di auricolare, un auricolare wireless può o meno consentire ai dipendenti di avventurarsi lontano dalla loro scrivania. La maggior parte degli auricolari wireless ha una portata limitata dal loro hub di segnale, il che significa che lasciare un ufficio o un cubicolo potrebbe causare una perdita di segnale. Tuttavia, se è necessario qualcosa all'interno dell'ufficio ma fuori dalla portata di tutti tranne i cavi più lunghi, gli utenti delle cuffie wireless non dovranno rimuovere l'auricolare per recuperarlo. Batterie e tempo di ricarica Il tempo di operazione è un altro problema. Gli auricolari cablati forniscono la propria alimentazione tramite il cavo e possono funzionare ininterrottamente per tutto il tempo necessario. Le cuffie wireless hanno un tempo di funzionamento limitato: alla fine, dovrai ricaricare le cuffie o sostituire le batterie. A seconda della durata dell'utilizzo continuo delle cuffie, questo può essere un problema minore o grave. Se i tuoi dipendenti useranno l'auricolare per un lungo periodo, come in un call center dell'assistenza clienti, il tempo di funzionamento di un auricolare può essere una considerazione seria. Wireless a infrarossi vs. Bluetooth Se stai considerando fortemente il wireless, dovrai scegliere tra Bluetooth e infrarossi. Il Bluetooth utilizza le frequenze radio, il che significa che finché il segnale può raggiungere l'auricolare, i dati verranno trasmessi. Tuttavia, l'uso della radio rende anche il Bluetooth molto più soggetto alle interferenze rispetto agli infrarossi e, a causa della costanza della trasmissione dei dati, il consumo della batteria può essere significativo. Le cuffie a infrarossi subiscono molte meno interferenze rispetto alle loro controparti Bluetooth, ma sono limitate al confronto perché sono dispositivi in linea di vista; i dati wireless vengono trasmessi tramite segnali luminosi a infrarossi tra l'auricolare e il trasmettitore IR. Se il trasmettitore IR sul computer e il ricevitore sull'auricolare non riescono a "vedersi" o se c'è una notevole ostruzione tra di loro, la qualità del suono può essere notevolmente ridotta e i segnali possono interrompersi completamente. L'infrarosso generalmente ha anche una portata molto più breve del Bluetooth, ma consuma meno la batteria. Costo di distribuzione Il costo dell'effettivo acquisto degli auricolari potrebbe finire per essere uno dei fattori chiave nella scelta del tipo di auricolare. Le cuffie cablate generalmente sono meno costose delle loro controparti wireless e non hanno nessuno degli svantaggi derivanti dall'affidarsi a un segnale wireless. In un ambiente professionale in cui ogni dollaro risparmiato è un dollaro che può essere instradato altrove nel budget, sborsare di più per il wireless può essere una scelta sbagliata a meno che la mobilità non sia assolutamente necessaria. Costi correnti Un altro costo da considerare è il costo di utilizzo continuo. Gli auricolari cablati generalmente non comportano molti costi continui: sono principalmente autosufficienti e devono solo essere collegati al computer. Quando si ha a che fare con il wireless, tuttavia, sorgono costi aggiuntivi. Se l'auricolare utilizza batterie, sarà necessario acquistarle regolarmente per mantenerlo in ordine. Se l'auricolare utilizza un caricabatterie, si verifica un aumento per lo più trascurabile nell'utilizzo dell'elettricità e la minaccia incombente di dover sostituire i caricabatterie persi, danneggiati o rubati per mantenere gli auricolari adeguatamente carichi. In entrambi i casi, è anche necessario anticipare eventuali guasti hardware dovuti all'usura di base. Gli auricolari cablati dovranno essere completamente sostituiti, mentre per gli auricolari wireless potrebbe essere necessario sostituire solo l'hub wireless o l'auricolare stesso. Questo è probabilmente uno dei libri più chiacchierati, polemizzati e spoilerati della storia. Indubbiamente l’atmosfera che Dan Brown è riuscito a creare attorno al mistero della tomba della Maddalena e la storia di Gesù in generale è qualcosa di unico. La trama del libro “Il codice Da Vinci“, se ancora non la sapete, è la seguente: un segreto che potrebbe compromettere i fondamenti stessi del Cristianesimo, nella versione tramandata dalla Chiesa Cattolica. Uno studioso di simbologia religiosa, Robert Langdon, affiancato da Sophie Neveu, nipote del curatore ucciso, e successivamente anche dallo studioso Sir Leigh Teabing, dovrà ripercorrere attraverso indizi nascosti in importanti opere d’arte, enigmi e misteriosi nemici, il percorso del Santo Graal, uno dei più grandi misteri dell’umanità. La pagina 101: “Secondo il direttore, quando gli abbiamo inviato il materiale, ha incaricato tutta la squadra di esaminare le immagini. L’agente Neveu è arrivata, ha dato un’occhiata alle foto di Saunière e al codice e ha lasciato l’ufficio senza una parola. Il direttore ha detto di non avere fatto osservazioni per il suo comportamento perchè l’agente era comprensibilmente sconvolta dalle foto.” “Sconvolta? Non ha mai visto le foto di un morto?” Fache rimase in silenzio per un istante “Non lo sapevo, e pare che non lo sapesse neppure il direttore finchè non gliel’ha detto un collega, ma pare che Sophie Neveu sia la nipote di Jacques Saunière” Collet era senza parole. “Il direttore sostiene che Neveu non aveva mai fatto con lui il nome di Saunière; pensa che si sia comportata così perchè non voleva trattamenti preferenziali a causa della fama del nonno.” “Niente di strano che le immagini l’abbiano sconvolta.” Collet riusciva a malapena a immaginare una così sfortunata coincidenza: chiamare una giovane donna a decifrare un codice scritto da un familiare assassinato. Comunque, il suo modo di agire era privo di senso. “Chiaramente ha riconosciuto i numeri di Fibonacci, perchè è venuta qui a dircelo, ma non capisco perchè sia uscita dall’ufficio senza rivelarlo ai colleghi.” A Collet veniva in mente una sola spiegazione in grado di dare un senso all’accaduto: Saunière aveva scritto sul pavimento un codice numerico nella speranza che Fache coinvolgesse il dipartimento di Crittologia e di conseguenza la nipote. Quanto al resto del messaggio, che Saunière volesse comunicare qualcosa alla nipote? In tal caso, qual’era il significato del messaggio? E qual’era il ruolo di Langdon? Prima che Collet potesse riflettere ulteriormente, il silenzio del museo venne spezzato da un allarme. Il suono proveniva dalla Grande Galleria. “Alarme!” gridò l’agente collegato con il centro di sicurezza del Louvre. “Grande Galerie! Toilettes Messieurs!” Fache si voltò di scatto verso Collet. “Dov’è Langdon?” “Ancora nella toilette!” Collet indicò ancora il punto rosso ammiccante sullo schermo del suo portatile. “Deve avere sfondato la finestra.” Il tenente sapeva che Langdon non sarebbe andato lontano. Anche se il regolamento antincendi di Parigi imponeva che le finestre degli edifici pubblici si potessero rompere in caso di incendio, lanciarsi da quell’altezza senza disporre di una scaletta di corda sarebbe stato un suicidio. Friday is Arbor Day. This date, in Louisiana the third Friday in January, is set aside as a time to celebrate trees by planting them. I think it is also appropriate to appreciate the trees we already have and all that they provide in an urban setting. City dwellers might not consider trees to be that important. Who wants to rake up all of those leaves, anyway? But trees are especially important in urban areas for a variety of reasons. Most of us would agree that Louisiana summers are too hot to begin with, but urban areas, in particular, are heat traps. The buildings, streets and parking lots absorb and hold heat from the sun, causing urban centers to be several degrees warmer than the surrounding countryside. Trees moderate this by absorbing the sun's energy and using it to create their food. This is more than simple shade. Trees literally absorb the energy of the light, preventing it from creating heat. Trees provide comfortable oases by lowering air temperatures under their canopies by 6 to 10 degrees. Overall, this helps to moderate temperatures in urban areas. On a more individual level, properly placed shade trees can cut your air-conditioning bill from 10 percent to 50 percent during the summer. Trees planted to the south or southwest of your home will provide the most benefit. Choose deciduous shade trees -- those that drop their leaves during the winter. You will have the shade you need in the summer to reduce cooling costs, and, when the tree is leafless in winter, it will allow the sun to shine on the house, helping to reduce heating bills. Air pollution in urban areas is a real concern, and trees help out with that, too. Leaf surfaces trap and filter out ash, dust, pollen and other particles in the air (although many trees also contribute to the pollen count when they bloom). Trees help supply the oxygen we breathe, as well as absorbing and trapping carbon dioxide that car engines emit. Among their many additional benefits, trees stabilize the soil and prevent erosion. A tree's extensive network of fine feeder roots occurs primarily in the upper foot of soil and spreads out well beyond its branches. Trees also cut down on noise pollution by acting as barriers to sound. Those who live in a city often comment on how quiet it is in the country. Noise seems to be a constant in urban areas. When creating a quiet retreat, trees play a vital role. Small-growing evergreen trees, such as cherry laurel, Little Gem magnolia and spruce pine, can be effective in muffling or moderating noise. When creating privacy in the landscape, small trees can be used to screen an outdoor living area from view. Evergreen types especially can be used effectively to hide unattractive views. Urban wildlife benefits from the shelter trees provide. Squirrels, birds and other wildlife make their homes there. In addition, the seeds of many tree species are valuable sources of food for animals living in urban centers. Not to be overlooked is the profound psychological effect trees have on us. Neighborhoods with large trees along the streets and in yards are attractive to almost everyone. And flowering trees, such as crape myrtles, dogwoods, sweet olive and vitex, add color and fragrance to the landscape. Trees contribute greatly to beautification, increase property values and shade our outdoor living areas in the summer. Fruit and nut trees in the landscape even provide us with something good to eat. So, take a moment to appreciate our trees. Our cities would be much less agreeable places without them. Don't forget to plant suitable trees wherever and whenever an appropriate situation exists. A little history The idea for Arbor Day originally came from a man in Nebraska, a state that once was largely a treeless plain. Among the pioneers who moved into the Nebraska Territory in 1854 was J. Sterling Morton of Detroit. Morton was a journalist who was enthusiastic about planting trees. He soon became editor of Nebraska's first newspaper, and this provided him with an excellent forum. Eventually, he became secretary of the Nebraska Territory, which gave him another opportunity to stress the value of trees. On Jan. 4, 1872, Morton first proposed a tree-planting holiday to be called Arbor Day at a meeting of the State Board of Agriculture. The date was set for April 10, 1872. The concept of Arbor Day gained favor around the country, and the tradition has spread steadily ever since. Most states, including Louisiana, now have passed laws or resolutions providing for the observance of Arbor Day. In 1968, the Louisiana Legislature designated the third Friday in January as the state's Arbor Day. The date Arbor Day is observed varies from state to state because climates are different around the country. Because winters here are relatively mild, the ideal tree-planting season in Louisiana is from November through February. So, the third Friday in January is appropriate for us. DAN GILL'S MAILBOX There are some big palm trees near my house, and I was wondering whether they would grow from seeds. I picked up some seeds from underneath the trees, and they look like extra-large wild cherry tree fruit. Sure, you can try growing palm trees from seed. It's a long process to get even a small palm tree from seed, but it's doable. Thoroughly remove all of the fleshy fruit from the seeds. Plant the seeds in pots of potting soil, just below the soil surface, very shallow. Keep the soil moist, but not soggy, and keep the pots warm (indoors). Light is not important at this stage. It may be weeks, months or more than a year before the seeds come up. Just be patient. When the seeds come up, move the pots to bright light. As the years go by, shift the young palms to larger containers as they outgrow the ones they are in. Eventually, when they are large enough for you to feel comfortable planting them in the ground, plant them in May. I have a question about some kale I am growing. The variety name is Redbor. One seed catalog says it is ornamental only and not for eating. Another catalog says you can eat it. Do you know if Redbor is an edible kale? Redbor kale is beautiful indeed, plenty pretty enough for the flower garden. But it belongs to the vegetable kale group, not the ornamental kale group. You can tell this by how it grows. Ornamental kale has been bred and selected to stay very short: The leaves are very closely spaced and form a rosette or crown. Vegetable kale looks similar
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به سال گذشته روبرو هستیم و ۱۵هزار و ۸۷۰ دستگاه نیز با حمل یکسره بار از پایانه مرزی پرویزخان عبور کرده اند. کرمی گفت: با توجه به شیوع بیماری کرونا امسال با کاهش ۸۰ درصدی تردد مسافران ایرانی به کشور عراق مواجه بودیم که در ده ماهه امسال ۱۲ هزار و ۵۰۶ نفر مسافر از پایانه مرزی پرویزخان تردد داشته اند و همچنین تردد اتباع خارجی نیز با کاهش ۹۵ درصدی به ۶هزار و ۱۳۵ نفر رسیده است. Sheryll Holmes teaches 3rd-5th grades in an Autism Classroom at Rosa Parks Elementary School in Berkeley. Seven years ago, the Berkeley School District began for the first time to teach some of its preschoolers with autism in dedicated Autism Classrooms. The School District now has 68 students with autism and is pondering the expansion of the program into the middle school and high school levels. Those pre-schoolers with autism that began classes in 2002 are now in the 5th grade and Sheryll Holmes is very proud of their progress. She told the School Board Wednesday that she teaches each child a standards based curriculum, as well as life skills and interaction with peers, to help each kid reach their full potential. She's especially happy when her students choose to play basketball or jump rope with other kids during recess. The most up to date data available from the CDC is that 1 in 150 children in the U.S. have autism. Holmes says children with autism often face huge challenges just learning to be in a group setting as well as fitting into a structured learning environment. A class room with more than 10 students can be enough to overload the senses of a child with autism, and a large part of her job is "sensory management." Because teaching plans that would meet the needs students with autism simply don't exist, Holmes told the School Board that she designs much of the curriculum for her students from the ground up. In order to effectively teach children with autism something like long division, Holmes will segment lessons into one individual skill set at a time. Repetition and building familiarity with the subject is also key. Holmes will often give her students the same worksheet over and over until they have learned the steps by rote, before moving on to new and unfamiliar problems. Then, as an important reminder in the following weeks, she'll return to the skill her students have already learned. Holmes says this is because children with learning differences seem to have "one pathway into learning," and they benefit from another go at the lessons. Perhaps most promising for the District as a whole, Holmes believes that it's likely the techniques she's developed to teach her students with autism can be used in non-autism classrooms. Students with less extreme learning difficulties that are struggling might achieve better results with her step by step lessons. Holmes and the School Board Members agreed that there is a need for more teacher training district wide. — Eric Klein Kimyasal Bağ Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler Kimya Terimi Olarak Kimyasal Bağ: 1-Aynı ya da farklı cinsten atomları, kuvvetli etkileşimlerle kümeler hâlinde bir arada tutan kuvvet. 2-Maddeler atom veya moleküllerin birleşmesiyle oluşur. Maddeleri oluşturan atom ve molekülleri bir arada tutan kuvvetlere kimyasal bağ denir. Fen Bilimleri Terimi Olarak Kimyasal Bağ: Elektron alış verişi veya elektronların ortaklaşa kullanımı sonucu oluşan, maddeleri oluşturan atom ya da atomları bir arada tutan kuvvet. Benzer Kimya Terimleri: Fisyon: Büyük çekirdeklerin, yaklaşık olarak aynı büyüklükte iki çekirdeğe bölünmesi. Akım Şiddeti: Elektrik yüklerinin akış hızı. Difüzyon: 1- Bir gazın havada veya başka bir gaz içinde yayılması. 2-Birbiri ile temasta bulunan iki akışkanın, birbiri içinde kendiliğinden homojen olarak yayı İyon Yapılı Bileşikler: İyonik bağlar içeren bileşikler. Coulomb: Elektrik yükünün uluslararası standart birimi. Monomer: 1- Bir araya gelerek çok uzun polimer yapısı oluşturan en küçük birim. 2-Birbirine bağlanarak polimer denen uzun zincirli karmaşık moleküller oluşt Elektrokimyasal Hücre: Bir elektrolit içine daldırılmış iki elektrottan oluşmuş sistem. Denge Sabiti: Belli sıcaklıkta dengedeki bir tepkimede girenlerin ürünlere dönüşme oranını gösteren sayı. Merhaba, arkadaşlar verileri mysql veritbanından çekerek anket oluşturmak istiyorum. Veri derken anket sorusu, şıkları kast ediyorum. Ama kodlama kısmını nasıl yapacağımı bilmiyorum (sanırım bir div'in içine alırım bir anketi foreach ile de radio button ve şıkları yaparım diye düşünüyorum) Doğru mu düşünüyorum? Eğer hayırsa nasıl yapacağımı söyler misiniz (mantık)? Yardımınıza ihtiyacım var. Map of Eastern North America, detailing the British territories Upper Canada, Lower Canada, Labrador, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island. Showing cities, ports, rivers, and lakes. Bradford, T.G. (Thomas Gamaliel), 1802-1887, Cartographer William D. Ticknor Atlases.ImperialismNorth AmericaBritish North America1838 1 map : colour ; 20 x 26 cm, on sheet 26 x 33 cm ImageMill Imaging Library v3.000 2013 Relief shown pictorally. Highlights municipal districts in Upper and Lower Canada. Lake Nipissing looks like a crumpled ball of paper. Originally published : A Comprehensive Atlas, Geographical, Historical & Commercial. By T.G. Bradford. William D. Ticknor, Boston. Wiley & Long, New-York. Material digitized as part of an Academic Innovation Fund (AIF), awarded in 2018. For more information see: http://avptl.info.yorku.ca/academic-innovation-fund/ . Terör örgütü lideri Abdullah Öcalan'ın, "Kürdistan Devrim Manifestosu" isimli kitabına el konulması nedeniyle Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuruda bulunurken, devletten tazminat istediği ortaya çıktı. Öcalan'ın kitabına İstanbul 2 No'lu Terörle Mücadele Kanunu 10'uncu Madde ile Yetkili Mahkemesi'nce "terör örgütü PKK'nın propagandası" yapıldığı gerekçesiyle 21 Eylül 2012'de el konulmuştu. Öcalan, Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne 7 Ocak'ta ulaşan dilekçesinde, kitabına el konulduğundan maddi ve manevi zarara uğradığını savundu. Bu zararı ile birlikte mahkeme masraflarının devlet tarafından karşılanmasını isteyen Öcalan, dilekçede, kitabın Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi'ne (AİHM) gönderildiği ve dünya kamuoyunda aleniyet kazandığı kaydedildi. Kitabın toplatılması kararının difade özgürlüğüne aykırı olduğunun kaydedildiği dilekçede, kitabın toplatılmasına dayanak yapılan Basın Kanunu'nun 25'inci maddesinin Anayasa'ya aykırı olduğu savunulurken, "Zehirli ağacın meyvesi de zehirli olur" denildi. DÖRT EKSİKLİK Anayasa Mahkemesi dilekçedeki 4 eksikğin tamamlanıp tekrar başvuru yapılmasını istedi.Eksikler şöyle: "Vekaletname örneğinin onaysız"; "Talep edilen maddi ve manevi tazminatın gerekçesi"; "Tazminat miktarları dilekçede yer almıyor"; "İdari işlemler ile hakimlik kararları fotokopi." America del Nord (North America) L'America del Nord o Nord America (grafie alternative: "Nord-America", "Nordamerica") o America settentrionale e centrale o Nord e Centro America è un subcontinente della Terra. E' contenuta completamente nell'emisfero boreale ed è delimitata a nord dal mar Glaciale Artico, a est dall'oceano Atlantico, a sud-est dall'America del Sud e dal mar dei Caraibi, a sud e a ovest dall'oceano Pacifico. Copre una superficie di circa 24.709.000 km2 che corrisponde al 4,8% circa della superficie terrestre e al 16,5% circa delle terre emerse. Nel luglio 2007 la sua popolazione è stata stimata in quasi 524,32 milioni di persone. Per superficie è il terzo continente del mondo (dopo l'Asia e l'Africa) e il quarto per popolazione (dopo l'Asia, l'Africa e l'Europa). È comunemente accettato che Nordamerica e Sudamerica siano stati così nominati in onore dell'esploratore fiorentino Amerigo Vespucci dal cartografo tedesco Martin Waldseemüller. Vespucci fu il primo europeo a suggerire che le Americhe non fossero le Indie Orientali, ma un diverso territorio, precedentemente non ancora scoperto. Vespucci fu il primo a scoprire il Sudamerica, collegando le sue scoperte con quelle di Cristoforo Colombo. L'etimologia fu ulteriormente complicata dalla necessità dei cartografi di arrivare ad un nome che parallelamente a quello degli altri continenti fosse di genere femminile (ad esempio, Europa, Asia, ecc.). La convenzione era quella di usare il cognome per la denominazione delle scoperte, tranne nel caso dei diritti d'autore o quando una derivazione (come nel caso di Amerigo “Vespuccio") potesse presentarsi problematica. 岱勒新材 申购指南 本次发行价格10.49元/股对应的2016年扣除非经常性损益前后孰低的净利润摊薄后市盈率为22 .98倍,低于中证指数有限公司2017年8月25日发布的行业最近一个月静态平均市盈率。 本次公开发行2,060万股A股。回拨机制实施前,下初始发行数量占本次发行总量的61.17%,即1,260万股;上初始发行数量占本次发行总量的38.83%,即800万股。 投资者按照其持有的市值确定其上可申购额度。投资者相关证券账户市值按2017年8月29日(T-2日)前20个交易日(含T-2日)的日均持有深圳市场非限售A股股份市值计算。投资者相关证券账户开户时间不足20个交易日的,按20个交易日计算日均持有市值。投资者持有多个证券账户的,多个证券账户的市值合并计算。投资者相关证券账户持有市值按其证券账户中纳入市值计算范围的股份数量与相应收盘价的乘积计算。根据投资者持有的市值确定其上可申购额度,持有市值1万元以上(含1万元)的投资者才能参与新股申购,每5,000元市值可申购一个申购单位,不足5,000元的部分不计入申购额度。每一个申购单位为500股,申购数量应当为500股或其整数倍,但最高不得超过其按市值计算的可申购上限和当次上初始发行股数的千分之一,不得超过8,000股 İngiltere'nin güney doğusunda yer alan Battle kasabası, en çok 1066 yılında Hastings Savaşı'nın yapıldığı yer olarak bilinmektedir. Hastings Savaşı, Sakson Kralı II Harold'un, daha sonra Kral I. William olan Fatih William tarafından yenilgiye uğratılmasına tanıklık etti. Bu yenilgi İngiliz tarihinde dramatik bir dönüm noktasıydı; Harold savaşta öldürüldü (iddiaya göre gözünden bir okla vuruldu!) ve William'ın hükümdarlığına karşı daha fazla direniş olmasına rağmen, ona İngiltere'nin iktidarını ilk kez veren bu savaş oldu. Normandiya Dükü Williamkendisine ait olduğuna inandığı tahtı ele geçirmek için yola çıktı ve 700 gemilik bir filo toplayarak İngiltere'ye doğru yelken açtı. Yorkshire'daki Stamford Köprüsü'nde bir Viking istilasını henüz yenmiş olan yorgun bir İngiliz ordusu, Normanları Hastings'in yaklaşık 6 mil kuzey batısında (karaya çıktıkları yer), Senlac Tepesi'nde karşıladı. 7500 İngiliz askerinin yaklaşık 5000'i burada öldürüldü ve8500 Norman askerinden 3000'i öldü. Senlac Tepesi, Fatih William tarafından inşa ettirilen Battle Manastırı ya da Aziz Martin Manastırı'nın bulunduğu yerdir. William, savaşı kazanması durumunda bunun anısına böyle bir anıt inşa etmeye yemin etmişti; Papa da can kayıplarının kefareti olarak böyle bir anıt inşa edilmesini emretmişti. Manastırın inşası 1070 ile 1094 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiş; 1095 yılında adanmıştır.Kral Harold'un öldüğü yer. Bugün, English Heritage tarafından korunan manastır kalıntıları şehrin merkezine hakimdir ve önemli bir turistik cazibe merkezidir. Battle manastırın etrafında inşa edilmiştir ve binanın geri kalanı daha az iyi korunmuş olsa da manastır kapısı hala High Street'in ana özelliğidir. Kapı, orijinal manastırdan daha yenidir, ancak 1338'de başka bir Fransız manastırına karşı daha fazla koruma olarak inşa edilmiştir.İstila! Battle aynı zamanda 17. yüzyılda İngiliz barut endüstrisinin merkezi ve o dönemde Avrupa'daki en iyi tedarikçi olmasıyla da bilinir. Gerçekten de bölgedeki değirmenler Kırım Savaşı'na kadar İngiliz ordusuna barut sağlamıştır. Hatta Guy Fawkes'ın kullandığı barutun da buradan elde edildiği düşünülmektedir. Bu durum Guy Fawkes'ın en eski büstünün neden bir eser olarakSavaş Müzesi. Battle sadece sosyal tarihle değil, aynı zamanda doğal tarihle de iç içedir. Kasaba, Doğu Sussex'in güzel inişli çıkışlı kırsalında yer alır ve güney sahiline kolayca ulaşılabilir. Hem sosyal hem de doğal tarihi bir araya getiren, Fatih William'ın adımlarıyla yürüyebileceğiniz 1066 Ülke Yürüyüşü'dür. Pevensey'den Rye'a geçen 50 km'lik bir yürüyüştür (ancak yorucu bir yürüyüş değildir!),Sizi eski yerleşim yerlerinden ve çeşitli manzaralardan geçirir; ormanlık alanlar, kıyılar ve yamaçlar. Gelin ve Britanya tarihinde bir dönüm noktasına tanıklık eden manzarayı deneyimleyin. Buraya gelmekAyrıca bakınız: Kambula Savaşı Battle'a hem karayolu hem de demiryolu ile kolayca ulaşılabilir, daha fazla bilgi için lütfen Birleşik Krallık Seyahat Rehberimizi deneyin. Britanya'daki Anglo-Sakson Sit Alanları Haçlar, kiliseler, mezar alanları ve askeri kalıntılar listemizi keşfetmek için Britanya'daki Anglo-Sakson Alanları interaktif haritamıza göz atın. İngiliz Savaş AlanlarıAyrıca bakınız: Londra'nın Büyük Kokusu Müze s Ebu Ubeyde, Siyonist İsrail güçlerinin roketler, tahkimat ve anti-personel cihazlarıyla 17 farklı operasyonda hedef alındığını bildirdi. Kassam Tugaylarının düzenlediği saldırılarda 15 işgalci İsrail militanının etkisiz hale getirildiğini aktaran Ebu Ubeyde, onlarca katil İsrail militanının yaralandığını ifade etti. Ebu Ubeyde, Kassam Tugaylarının "4 insansız hava aracını ele geçirdiğini, toplamda 43 askeri aracı tamamen veya kısmen hedef aldığını, Tel Aviv ve çevresine yoğun bir roket bombardımanı düzenlediğini" belirtti. Kassam Tugaylarından yapılan açıklamaya karşılık Siyonist İsrail güçlerinden konuya ilişkin henüz bir açıklama yapılmadı. 滤波器简介 滤波器,顾名思义,一种选频装置,相当于频率的筛子,用来减少或者消除噪声和干扰。主要是将有用的信号与噪声分离,提高信号的抗干扰性及信噪比,得到所需的信号。 滤波器种类 滤波器按照工艺,主要分为SAW(声表滤波器)滤波器、BAW(体声波滤波器)滤波器、LTCC(低温共烧陶瓷滤波器)滤波器。 LTCC的显著优点之一是其一致性好、精度高,成本低,缺点是Q值较小;SAW又分为普通SAW滤波器和TC-SAW(温补)滤波器。如下图一为SAW&BAW的结构。SAW滤波器是由压电材料和两个基本的IDT金属电极构成,由图可看出其不适合大约2.5G 以上频率、对温度变化敏感,但是优点是技术相比较而言比较成熟,相对于 BAW价格较低。BAW滤波器又分为SMR和FBAR两种技术的滤波器;其中FBAR工艺结构如下图,由上下电极及压电薄膜构成,通过频率公式F=V
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anche impossibile per lo stato farla franca con la contraffazione istituzionalizzata, a meno che non possa essere combinata con misure redistributive che siano in grado di portare un altro cambiamento favorevole nell'opinione pubblica'. Con l'oro come scelta storica del libero mercato per la moneta, lo stato ha cercato di sfruttare le sue vulnerabilità, in particolare la sua mancanza di vendibilità dovuta alle sue qualità fisiche che non sono in grado di alleviare l'incertezza economica. L'oro non ha risolto il problema Hoppe inizia a tracciare il processo di monopolizzazione: In una prima fase, la coniazione dell'oro deve essere monopolizzata dallo stato. Questo serve a deinternazionalizzare psicologicamente l'oro, spostando l'accento dall'oro denominato in termini di peso universale all'oro denominato in termini di etichette fiat. E rimuove un primo importante ostacolo alla contraffazione, perché dà allo stato i mezzi istituzionali per arricchirsi attraverso un processo sistematico di svalutazione della moneta Sebbene l'oro abbia molte proprietà fondamentali di una moneta, la verifica dell'oro ricevuto negli scambi è molto costosa. Dato il valore che un bene deve necessariamente avere se è un mezzo di scambio generalmente accettato, non è solo lo stato a voler contraffare la moneta. Tutti i pagamenti ricevuti dovrebbero essere sospetti. Mentre alcuni test di base possono essere fatti da un individuo normale, nessuno di questi processi avviene in modo automatico. Nel peggiore dei casi, soprattutto per i pagamenti di importo elevato, per avere la certezza di possedere davvero l'oro che si crede di aver ricevuto è necessario effettuare analisi chimiche molto costose, che richiedono professionisti qualificati e attrezzature sofisticate. Il metodo standard più elevato è il saggio a fuoco o coppellazione, che richiede la fusione dell'oro per pesarlo e rifonderlo. [8] Ciò significa che sia l'acquirente che il venditore non possono essere certi che lo scambio sia avvenuto. Il venditore di un bene non può essere certo di ricevere in pagamento l'intera (o una qualsiasi) somma d'oro, e l'acquirente non può sapere che non sta usando denaro falso dopo essere stato frodato in una precedente transazione. In passato questa incertezza era ridotta al minimo da una zecca, che poteva produrre monete d'oro standardizzate di una certa qualità e con un design riconoscibile e familiare che poteva persino aiutare una persona a capire se era stata manomessa, come ad esempio le creste sulla parte esterna che sarebbero state levigate se qualcuno avesse provato a limare la moneta. Queste zecche guadagnavano un signoraggio fissando il prezzo delle monete a un livello superiore rispetto alla reale composizione del metallo. Allo stesso tempo, la fiducia nella zecca poteva essere abusata. Le zecche potevano ritirare le monete dalla circolazione, diminuire la composizione effettiva dell'oro e dell'argento e poi reintrodurre le monete con lo stesso prezzo, guadagnando così più signoraggio dallo svilimento delle stesse monete. Potrebbero anche emettere più monete di quanto la quantità effettiva di metallo consenta. Le zecche centralizzate alleviano l'incertezza sulla qualità del bene, ma solo introducendo un sistema centralizzato altamente affidabile, che introduce incertezza sulla reale quantità di metallo nelle monete che vengono detenute e fatte circolare, e per estensione sulla reale massa monetaria dell'intera economia. Poiché l'oro è decentralizzato come merce, non c'è la possibilità di controllare l'economia nel suo complesso. In secondo luogo, l'uso di sostituti del denaro al posto dell'oro vero e proprio deve essere sistematicamente incoraggiato e tale tendenza deve essere sostenuta dalla promulgazione di leggi sul corso legale. Il processo di contraffazione diventa così molto meno costoso. Invece di dover ristampare l'oro, si devono stampare solo biglietti di carta. Il costo del deposito e del trasporto di un bene ne riduce la vendibilità a causa dell'incertezza sulla sicurezza del bene fino a quando non sarà utilizzato e sulla possibilità di consegnarlo al momento dello scambio. A causa del peso dell'oro, sia la conservazione che il trasporto aumentano di costo rispetto al valore dell'oro. Il deposito a lungo termine è meglio affidarlo a terzi che possono permettersi la migliore tecnologia di caveau per prevenire i furti. Il trasporto fisico richiede veicoli di grandi dimensioni e manodopera. Poiché i furti si verificano anche durante il trasporto, è necessario prevedere misure difensive per far fronte al rischio di rapine in autostrada, pirati e altri criminali. Il trasporto, inoltre, richiede tempo. Infine, la fisicità dell'oro limita anche la sua vendibilità su scala ridotta. Se un'economia basata sull'oro diventasse troppo ricca, sarebbe difficile regolare gli atomi fisici di oro. Le banche hanno risolto questo problema emettendo sostituti del denaro sotto forma di certificati cartacei. Ancora una volta, solo attraverso terze parti fidate l'oro poteva diventare più vendibile. Le banche potevano conservare l'oro in modo sicuro e le persone potevano trasferire le banconote di carta in modo molto più veloce, facile ed economico, indipendentemente dal valore. Tuttavia, questo lascia ancora incertezze sulla validità delle banconote di carta in quanto tali e sul fatto che queste rappresentino effettivamente l'oro in un caveau. L'inflazione diventa molto più facile e accessibile a qualsiasi presunto custode dell'oro. Le banche possono essere sottoposte a revisione, ma non in modo indipendente, per cui i clienti, se scelgono di servirsi di una banca (cosa praticamente necessaria se desiderano impegnarsi in un certo livello di commercio), devono sempre fidarsi che il loro oro sia gestito correttamente. Quindi, anche con una banca solvibile, l'accesso all'oro rimane dipendente da una terza parte. Una volta che le banche hanno adottato moneta sostitutiva dell'oro, gli stati possono iniziare ad adottare leggi sul corso legale per aumentare la loro capacità di contraffazione. Il passo successivo è quello di cartellizzare l'industria bancaria attraverso la creazione di una banca centrale. Una volta fatto questo, lo Stato deve imporre a tutte le banche di depositare il proprio oro presso la banca centrale e di svolgere la propria attività esclusivamente con sostituti del denaro anziché con l'oro. In questo modo l'oro scompare dal mercato come mezzo di scambio effettivamente utilizzato e le transazioni quotidiane diventano sempre più caratterizzate dall'uso di banconote della banca centrale. A questo punto, il gold standard è tale solo nel nome. La cittadinanza ha una moneta che è più vendibile su molte dimensioni nello spazio e nella scala. In teoria, queste soluzioni potrebbero essere realizzate da entità private che rispettano i diritti dei loro clienti. Tuttavia, la tendenza alla centralizzazione permette allo stato di sfruttare questa situazione per i propri vantaggi inflazionistici e di contraffazione. Le banche sono tentate dal controllo statale a causa dei vantaggi che traggono dal regime di contraffazione. Ora sia lo stato che le banche diventano i primi destinatari della nuova moneta stampata. Conosciuto come effetto Cantillon [9], questi primi destinatari spendono il denaro prima che l'economia possa adeguare i prezzi per riflettere la variazione dell'offerta di moneta. L'ideologia pubblica a sostegno di questo sistema di moneta fiat viene quindi da due punti di vista. In primo luogo, il fatto che la tecnologia sottostante è per molti versi un miglioramento nella creazione di una moneta più vendibile, nonostante il fatto che il suo potenziale di libero mercato sia ora cooptato e monopolizzato dallo stato. In secondo luogo, lo stato può sfruttare questa situazione come un vantaggio, accreditandosi come la fonte dei benefici economici che vediamo dai suoi effetti, e nascondendo i costi della contraffazione sull'economia. Dato che le banche sono naturalmente una delle istituzioni più potenti di un'economia, grazie al loro ruolo vitale nel facilitare l'attività economica, esse forniscono ulteriore legittimità e risorse all'affermazione di un'ideologia pubblica che difende il ruolo ingiusto dello stato nell'ordine monetario che ne consente la continuazione. Non sorprende quindi che poche persone istruite abbiano sentito il nome di Ludwig von Mises durante i loro studi. L'ordine mondiale fiat Molto è stato scritto su ciò che è accaduto nel 1971 e dopo. In quell'anno il popolo americano, insieme a chiunque dipenda dalla federal reserve a livello globale, fu sottoposto a un esperimento monetario fiat completo. Il lettore è invitato a leggere 'Banking, nation states, and international politics" di Hans-Hermann Hoppe per uno studio più approfondito della costruzione di questo ordine mondiale fiat. In particolare, l'ordine mondiale a moneta fiat incoraggia gli stati a espandere il proprio potere non solo attraverso la conquista militare, ma anche attraverso l'imperialismo monetario: È nell'interesse naturale di uno stato espandere militarmente il proprio territorio; di conseguenza, ci si dovrebbe aspettare una tendenza a una relativa concentrazione di stati. È anche nell'interesse di uno stato impegnarsi nell' 'imperialismo monetario', cioè estendere il suo potere di contraffazione su territori più vasti; quindi, ci si dovrebbe aspettare una tendenza verso una moneta cartacea unica mondiale. Entrambi gli interessi e le tendenze si completano a vicenda. Da un lato, qualsiasi passo in direzione di un cartello internazionale della contraffazione è destinato a fallire se non è completato dall'instaurazione di un dominio militare e di una gerarchia. Le pressioni economiche esterne e interne tenderebbero a far scoppiare il cartello. Con la superiorità militare, tuttavia, un cartello dell'inflazione diventa possibile. D'altra parte, una volta che il dominio militare ha reso possibile tale cartello, lo stato dominante può effettivamente espandere il proprio potere di sfruttamento su altri territori senza ulteriori guerre e conquiste. Infatti la cartellizzazione internazionale della contraffazione permette allo stato dominante di perseguire con mezzi più sofisticati (cioè meno visibili) ciò che la guerra e la conquista da sole non sarebbero in grado di ottenere. Su scala più individuale, i conti bancari fiat vengono regolarmente chiusi e congelati per puro capriccio politico. I pagamenti verso alcuni commercianti e alcuni paesi a volte non sono consentiti, anche se la transazione in sé è legale. L'accesso al proprio denaro non è affatto scontato. Nonostante tutto questo, data la capacità tecnologica disponibile nell'economia, il mercato ha scelto l'oro. Ma questa stessa scelta ha reso l'economia suscettibile alla contraffazione. Le terze parti necessarie per far funzionare al meglio l'oro come moneta hanno reso possibile anche l'ordine mondiale fiat. Senza un significativo progresso tecnologico, non sarebbe stato possibile trovare un valido sostituto, né tantomeno ottenere il consenso dell'opinione pubblica. Bitcoin risolve questo problema Fare la propria verifica e indicizzazione è l'unico modo per essere sicuri che i dati dell'indice siano sicuri - Satoshi Nakamoto [10] Nel 2009 l'economia era ormai entrata nella rivoluzione digitale. Erano state adottate e diffuse numerose tecnologie chiave, tra cui gli alberi di hash, la crittografia a chiave pubblica, le reti P2P e lo SHA-256. [11] Un brillante programmatore pseudonimo di nome Satoshi Nakamoto riunì queste tecnologie per creare Bitcoin. Bitcoin risolve il cosiddetto problema della doppia spesa senza un'autorità centrale. Qualsiasi altro sistema di denaro digitale esistente, comprese le attuali valute fiat e le infrastrutture di pagamento che si basano su di esse, nonché altre valute digitali, richiede un'autorità centrale per mantenere e dettare la vera storia di un libro mastro monetario, per assicurarsi che le stesse unità di denaro non vengano spese due volte. Bitcoin invece decentralizza la contabilità e utilizza un sistema di proof-of-work per mantenere il consenso tra i contabili indipendenti sulla vera cronologia del libro mastro. Un nodo completo bitcoin [full node, n.d.t.] è un contabile indipendente. Si connette alla rete, scarica l'intera storia del libro mastro e convalida ogni blocco e transazione ricevuta rispetto alle regole adottate dall'intera rete bitcoin. [12] Ogni nodo completo opera in modo indipendente secondo la propria applicazione del software e le regole in esso contenute. Gli input delle transazioni devono essere firmati crittograficamente dalla o dalle chiavi private corrette. Tali input devono essere riconducibili a output di transazioni valide. Il valore della somma degli input deve essere maggiore o uguale a quello degli output. Inoltre, i blocchi devono avere transazioni valide i cui input non siano già stati spesi. Devono includere un puntatore a un blocco valido precedente. Devono avere una nonce della proof-of-work associata, che permetta una collocazione parziale dell'hash di una certa difficoltà computazionale. Devono includere solo una singola transazione coinbase, che non ha un input, ma deve avere un output non superiore alla ricompensa di blocco corrente più le commissioni di ogni transazione inclusa in essi. Ci sono molte altre regole che vengono controllate automaticamente ogni volta che una transazione o un blocco raggiungono un nodo bitcoin. [13] Nel complesso, il nodo completo rappresenta un contabile automatico che esegue la volontà dell'utente, indipendentemente da chiunque altro nell'universo, sulla base di una particolare configurazione di parametri di rete di sua scelta. La rete bitcoin è stata progettata in modo tale che un nodo completo possa operare in un bunker, isolato dal resto del mondo, tranne che per una singola connessione a Internet. [14] Un full node può giudicare da solo qualsiasi dato che riceve e che afferma di essere un blocco o una transazione valida. La prova di lavoro consente al nodo di ordinare correttamente i dati. Basta un solo blocco con una proof-of-work più difficile perché il nodo completo sappia esattamente come riorganizzare la sua copia della blockchain per rientrare nelle regole del consenso. Un attacco di tipo eclipse, in cui un nodo completo è connesso solo a nodi avversari, può sostenersi solo fino a quando quel nodo riesce a ricevere un singolo payload di intestazione del blocco di 80 byte che racconta una storia diversa. Una volta che il nodo completo riceve un blocco e le transazioni e convalida i dati, conosce lo stato della rete bitcoin, e lo conosce con certezza. Un full node bitcoin è una macchina della certezza.
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and a fight between the soldiers and the poachers, which left one soldier and one poacher dead. After that day of fighting between the soldiers and poachers, we had to leave as the risk became really high for our team. Mongabay: Did the Cameroon government ever arrest anyone for the poaching? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu standing next to elephant corpse in Bouba Ndjida National Park. Photo courtesy of IFAW. Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: No. No one has been arrested. Beyond that, I question myself every day to know where is that ivory? Every week now there are big seizures in the world and so far we don't know if this ivory is from Bouba Ndjida or not. I hope one day we will know. And to whom the ivory was sold. Mongabay: Where do you think it went? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: It is out of Cameroon and probably went back to Sudan and now back outside of Sudan. What we know is that those gangs of poachers killed the elephants because they know they can make profit from the ivory and if they make profit to fund their wars or whatever, they know whom to sell the ivory to—and it seems very easy. Also, they were quite secured; these poachers did not have any problems doing this on such a big scale. We still have many questions about how they could do that for so long [in Bouba Ndjidja] at that level. Mongabay: Can you clarify one point: do poachers enter Bouba Ndjida every year? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: Not in particular, but every year in dry season poachers would follow the Sudanese Axe—a "trail" that goes from Sudan to North Central Africa Republic (CAR), South Chad and to now Cameroon to kill the elephants. And those gangs of poachers are the ones who killed the elephants in Zakouma National Park in Chad in the early 2000s. But now Zakouma is more secure and Chad has taken the lead in Central Africa to protect elephants; the government has provided equipment and training to rangers. In fact, it is probably why the poachers decided to head to Cameroon. And we know that today there is a rumor that poachers are around again—they came back around in November (2012). They were in CAR in January—maybe a group of 150 or 200—and they were heading to Chad. And now from Chad there are rumors they are in Cameroon and back to Bouba Ndjida. But this year, the park has hundreds of soldiers on the ground, so we hope this will deter poachers from entering and killing the elephants. The other problems is most of the elephants who lived in Bouba Ndjida have left the park because of the poaching pressure. They went to Chad in an area where it is not protected. We hope poachers won't find them. What is important here to say also is that more than half of the elephant population of Bouba Ndjida National Park has been killed. Which means it will take at least 50 years to come back to the level of population that previously existed. We don't know how this will affect the surviving elephants, especially if they were young. We know some of them might develop behavioral problems after having watched other elephants being slaughtered. Mongabay: You have spent a considerable time in Cameroon? Elephant corpses. Photo courtesy of IFAW. Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: Yes, I did my studies in Cameroon. So I was used to working in protected areas watching elephants and the western lowland gorillas. I studied them in their habitat. I was probably seeing the ones who were slaughtered. Mongabay: Do you plan to visit Bouba Ndjida this year? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: Yes. I will go on site in May to assess the anti-poaching support training that IFAW set up and which is about to start Mid-March till end of May. Mongabay: CITES is taking place today as we speak. Has the events of Cameroon been taken seriously by CITES members? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: I hope. And that the lessons learned will be put in action. CITES needs to realize that elephants need more protection and that fighting poaching requires cooperation between all the governments of the elephant range states in Africa. But beyond the elephant range states, I think every country and government has a responsibility. Beyond the fact we are losing a species for ivory consumption in Asia—mainly China and Thailand—this slaughter demonstrated that the national security of the country was not in place. That's really worrying because those poachers were very well armed and had to come from far away. They went right into another country. Cameroon demonstrated a very clear itinerary. So, that raises real questions of security. And, of course, wildlife trafficking is a transnational crime operated by organized crime, and if you really want to succeed in stopping it, you must employ all the enforcement agencies—otherwise we will lose the battle to save the elephants. Mongabay: You are in France. What was the response to the Cameroon slaughter there? Elephants suffered a gruesome death. Photo by: © IFAW/A. Ndoumbe. Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: I think in Europe, people really looked at it as horrible. The ivory trade is banned in Europe and I think people didn't believe that this kind of poaching could happen again. The public was horrified. On the government side, the EU plays a very influential role at CITES and has always been in favor of the one-off sale, and always discussing the possibility to resume the ivory trade. I think for the EU it has been an electro-shock, which showed that as it pertains to the one off sales, they made some mistakes. At CITES this year, the EU and other parties should not speak about elephants so much which is good. It also gives them a chance to speak about other threatened species. Mongabay: Do you think China and Thailand are legitimately trying to stop the ivory trade in their countries? Celine Sissler-Bienvenu: When you see the price of ivory items in China, it is very high. It is wealthy people who can buy it. A poll IFAW conducted showed 70% of the people we polled didn't realize ivory was coming from dead elephants. They thought tusks were falling naturally. The Chinese government tried to contend with the ivory issue but I am really convinced the main issue is the domestic market. As long as we have legal, domesticated ivory markets we will have poaching. If we close these domesticated markets, we have a chance. Otherwise, we won't succeed because the demand is so high. I know there aren't enough elephants alive on the planet to feed the Asian demand. China and Thailand have to really address this problem seriously. 62% of all Africa's forest elephants killed in 10 years (warning: graphic images) (03/04/2013) More than 60 percent of Africa's forest elephants have been killed in the past decade due to the ivory trade, reports a new study published in the online journal PLOS ONE. The study warns that the diminutive elephant species — genetically distinct from the better-known savanna elephant — is rapidly heading toward extinction. Thailand's Prime Minister commits to ending ivory trade (03/04/2013) Yesterday, Thailand's Prime Minister, Yingluck Shinawatra, committed to ending the ivory trade in her country. Her announcement came during the opening of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES) in Bangkok, which seeks to regulate trade in biodiversity across borders. Wildlife groups say that Thailand's legal trade in domestic ivory—international ivory is illegal of course—has created an easy opening for smugglers from abroad. Currently the ivory trade in Thailand is estimated to be second only to that of China. Elephant and Rhino issues to be debated at CITES 16th Conference of Parties (03/04/2013) When the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) meets from March 3-14 in Bangkok for its 16th Conference of Parties (CoP16), elephants and rhinos will be at the top of the agenda. While there are no proposals to open up trade in either elephant ivory or rhino horn, there are several other items on the agenda that will likely generate debate, including proposals for extension of the moratorium on ivory trade, a decision-making mechanism for ivory trade, and suspension of any rhino trophy hunting. Also to be discussed are enforcement mechanisms, including how to prevent illegal ivory from entering existing legal domestic markets. Elephant massacre in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (02/28/2013) A key Congo wildlife reserve has lost 75 percent of its elephants in just 15 years due to poaching to meet Asian demand for ivory, reports a new survey by the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) and Democratic Republic of Congo authorities. A lifetime with elephants: an interview with Iain Douglas-Hamilton (02/22/2013) Iain Douglas-Hamilton has dedicated his life to elephants. 'I like elephants because of the way they treat each other,' he says. 'They’re very nice to each other most of the time, but not all the time ... You see a lot of play...a lot of tender touching, caressing, tactile contact of one sort or another.' The affection goes both ways. Douglas-Hamilton recalls one curious female who would always approach his vehicle. 'Eventually I got so friendly with her that...I could walk with her and feed her the fruits of the wild gardenia tree. That was a very special elephant for me. She eventually brought her babies up to meet me.' Douglas-Hamilton’s dedication extends to protecting the species from harm, and especially the ivory trade. He calls the current ivory trade “totally unsustainable” and recommends a total ban on the trade. Over 11,000 elephants killed by poachers in a single park [warning: graphic photo] (02/06/2013) Surveys in Gabon's Minkebe National Park have revealed rare and hard data on the scale of the illegal ivory trade over the last eight years: 11,100 forest elephants have been slaughtered for their tusks in this remote protected area since 2004. In all, poachers have cut down the park's elephant population by two-thirds, decimating what was once believed to be the largest forest elephant population in the world. Sri Lanka to give poached ivory to Buddhist temple, flouting international agreements (02/05/2013) The Sri Lankan government is planning to give 359 elephant tusks to a Buddhist temple, a move that critics say is flouting the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The illegal tusks were seized in Sri Lanka last May en route to Dubai from Kenya; they are believed to stem from hundreds of butchered elephants, including juveniles, inside Africa, possibly Uganda. The decision comes after a high-profile National Geographic article, Ivory Worship, outlined how demand for ivory religious handicrafts, particularly by Catholics and Buddhists, is worsening the current poaching crisis. In 2011, it was estimated that 25,000 elephants were illegally slaughtered for their tusks. Vatican condemns elephant poaching, pledges steps (02/04/2013) Responding to an investigative report by National Geographic, the Vatican has condemned elephant poaching for ivory and pledged three steps to help in the battle to save the world's elephants. The National Geographic article Ivory Worship, by Bryan Christy, looked at how religions—specifically religious items for Christians and Buddhists—were playing in the growing demand for black-market ivory, which is currently resulting in the violent deaths of tens-of-thousands of endangered elephants every year. Religion, Chinese government drive global elephant slaughter (01/24/2013) By some estimates, more than 30,000 elephants were slaughtered across the savannas and forests of Africa and Asia for the ivory trade during 2012. The carnage represents as much as 4 percent of the world's elephant population. Accordingly, some conservationists are warning that elephants face imminent extinction in some of their range countries. While the plight of elephants is increasingly visible due to media coverage, less widely understood is the role religion plays in driving the ivory trade. This issue was explored at length in an explosive cover story published in National Geographic by Bryan Christy last October. The story, titled Blood Ivory, detailed how demand for religious trinkets is driving large-scale killing of Earth's largest land animal. This heritage walk explores the history of the city of Shahjahanabad, today, old Delhi or Purani Dilli. The trail focuses on the street of Chandni Chowk which was the main boulevard of the 17th century city, and still remains so. Over a period of 400 years the city has seen many changes, but two events have most prominently shaped it: the suppression of the rebellion of 1857, and the Partition of 1947. Delhi was one of the major centres of the Revolt of 1857. The rebellion was crushed and the Mughal dynasty came to an end. India became a British colony. The British occupied the Red Fort and the city and large parts of the city were flattened. A clearing was created outside Red Fort to provide for firing range, in case of another rebellion; prominent public buildings like Fatehpuri Masjid were razed in this clearance of settlements; the Mughal buildings inside the Fort were pulled down and barracks for British soldiers created. The physical fabric of the city was drastically altered. 1947 saw a massive migration of people across the newly created border. A number of refugee colonies came up to settle the people displaced by Partition. Many of these were built on lands which were part of garden estates of the nobility in Shahjahanabad. Both 1857 & 1947 have had a tremendous impact on the life of the city and as it appears to us today. We also have to keep in mind that in old Delhi many site will have historical associations but the buildings identifying the sites could be fairly recent. This is because it is an area of continuous settlement; people who have lived here have built, repaired and rebuilt on older sites. Posts Tagged ‘Shahjahanabad’ Old Delhi is a fantastic location to trace different phases of Indian history. This Sunday our heritage walk focused on exploring Chandni Chowk, the main street of the city of Shahjahanabad, to understands the ups & downs, changes in Mughal rule & the arrival of British. We started near the mouth of Chandni Chowk, near Red Fort. The first stop is two old temples: Digambar Jain Lal Mandir and Gauri Shankar Temple. Former is a Jain temple of the Digambar sect while ltater is a Shaiva temple dedicated to main Hindu deity Lord Shiva and his consort Parvati or Gauri. Our next stop is the State Bank of India building whose large façade, round arches, Roman pillars and high ceilings are typical of colonial architecture. However, it is interesting to note that it is built over an estate of Kashmiri dancing girl-Begum Samru who was very influential in the eighteenth century. Her palace still exists and is part of Bhagirath Place which is Asia’s biggest electronic market today. A few steps ahead is Dariba Kalan which is a popular street for jewellery. The market has some traditional businesses which manufacture &s sell itra, i.e perfumes or essence. (more...) Walk through Kashmiri Gate today & the place is a thriving market for automobile parts, old shops selling all kinds of hardware, including guns! It is hard to imagine how it would have looked three centuries ago. I study in the same neighbourhood & every time I walk through it I wonder about its evolution. The traces of the past are
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what’s happening in Kachin. I hope the website and documentary help. Music History - The Romantic Period In this lesson, students will write an essay about a specific topic in the Romantic Period. First, students will gather information about the Romantic Period of music. Then, they will select a specific topic in the Romantic Period such as the Early Romantic Era or Late Romantic Era. After that, they will write an essay on the topic they chose. The research and writing the essay will take longer than one hour. You can split the lesson into two class periods. You can also have the students do their research at home and write the paper in class. You can grade the students on their essay and the important facts about the topic they chose. You can also grade them on the organization of their essay, sentence structure, paragraph structure, grammar, punctuation, and spelling. - Physical Education - Reading & Writing - Social Studies - Special Education Il De rerum natura di Lucrezio è una tra le opere più importanti della storia del pensiero. Molto letta durante l’epoca romana, nel successivo medioevo l’opera sparì nel nulla per riapparire soltanto nel 1417, quando fu ritrovata da Poggio Bracciolini in un monastero in Germania. In questa puntata seguiremo le vicende del manoscritto ritrovato. دیدار مدیرکل راهداری استان با فرماندار خمیر؛ تکمیل پروژه های نیمه تمام مهم ترین محور دیدار عباس شرفی مدیرکل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای استان هرمزگان با حضور در فرمانداری با میرهاشم خواستار دیدار و گفت و گو کرد. به گزارش خبرنگار دریای اندیشه از شهرستان بندرخمیر؛ ارتقاء ایمنی و کیفیت جاده ها و همچنین تکمیل پروژه های نیمه تمام مهم ترین محور این گفت و گو بوده است. میرهاشم خواستار در این دیدار با بیان اینکه ارتقاء ایمنی و کیفیت راه ها از جمله موضوعات مهم در این بخش است، عنوان کرد: اصلاح نقاط حادثهخیز، نصب تابلو و علائم راهنمایی و رانندگی در مسیرها، خط کشی و تعریض جاده ها از جمله مطالبات مردمی در این حوزه است. وی همچنین گفت: بدلیل قرار گرفتن شهرستان خمیر در محورهای مهم مواصلاتی، بخشی از سفرهای درون استانی و حتی خارج استان از راه های اصلی شهرستان خمیر صورت می پذیرد. همچنین ضرورت دارد این موضوعات مورد توجه قرار گیرد. فرماندار خمیر همچنین بهسازی و آسفالت راه های روستایی را مهم تلقی کرد و خواستار توجه ویژه به حوزه راه روستایی شهرستان شد. مهندس خواستار افزود: با توجه به اینکه اکثر پروژه های نیمه تمام شهرستان در حوزه راه های روستایی هستند، انتظار میرود اعتبار استانی یا ملی به تکمیل این پروژه ها اختصاص یابد. در پایان بر اساس این گزارش؛ در این نشست مقرر شد طی روزهای آتی به صورت میدانی بازدیدی از راه های شهرستان با حضور فرماندار و مدیرکل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای صورت گیرد و مشکلات از نزدیک بررسی شود. Once upon a time families ate their meals together, especially breakfast and supper. Then the American dream was born. Advertisements carefully pried us from satisfied lives and created in us a desire to want more—not because we needed it, but simply to sell product. To support our desire, we needed more money so two parents had to work. Since no one had time to fix foods or have money to buy pricey restaurant meals, families needed a way to eat fast and cheap. Fast food restaurants met this demand. Eventually, parents started to give their kids five or six dollars a day to buy these meals before, during or after school. This gave kids and teens spending power. Advertisements bypassed parents and shifted toward teens. Today, 18 year old boys now have $525 to spend each month and girls have $430. Collectively, teens now spend $150 billion each year on food, beverages and other non-food products.1 The advertisement shift included creating commercials that featured perfectly beautiful people or celebrities to get teens’ attention. Advertisers focused on details such as using certain colors in their advertisements. It is no mistake that many fast food restaurants use red. It means – stop as in the “stop sign” and fast as in “fast sports cars.” Yellow, another popular color means bright and happy. Together the red & yellow message says – stop and buy our food, eat fast and be happy. And there’s more. Today, rather than relying on traditional advertisements like television, radio or print, advertisers are finding other ways to reach today’s youth. Today they are using cell phones. Imagine this—advertisers place an ad on a bottle of cola. The ad asks the reader to stop by their web site for free prizes and ring tones. To get these gifts, kids leave contact information—their cell phone number, what they like, their income, their age, and almost any other information advertisers need to target their message. Once advertisers have a phone number, they can target specific ads and offers via text messaging. Take this one step further. Advertisers are looking at placing blue tooth technology with billboard ads. When a teen walks by with a familiar cell phone number, a coupon can be text messaged for the restaurant right down the street. Then there are online videos. Originally, folks would make videos and place them online for friends to view. These short videos were used for personal messages, singing and other fun events. But once advertisers saw the power in e-mailing viral videos, they began making their videos and people started e-mailing them to their friends. This type of advertising can reach thousands of teens and adults without the expensive price tag that comes with commercials for television. And what about virtual social communities? These are fun places where teens sign up and become a member. They adopt an identity and become whoever they want to be online. They meet other people, play games and engage in a make-believe place that is wrapped around products such as soda or fast foods. By playing games and engaging in other events, participants earn and trade points for coupons or product-related prizes. Some of these communities have a make-believe guide that gives advice. Recently, an article reported on another way advertisers will retrieve information about their target population—neuro-marketing. The old fashion way of determining what consumers liked or disliked was to conduct focus groups. This involves a group of people who would sit down and respond to questions, scenarios, etc. Now researchers can record the brain’s chemical responses to ads, food, or anything else they want to study.2 The goal of all of these modern methods of marketing is to simply sell products and keep kids and teens loyal to brands—for life! And unfortunately, more than half of these products sold to them are fast foods, sweetened cereals and other sugary and fatty foods. What can we do? First, educate our kids about healthy choices. A crash course on keeping a steady supply of fruits and vegetables in the diet and cutting back on fast foods, sodas and other calorie-dense foods can help them shape a healthy diet. Second, parents and adults can role-model the desired behavior. Showing teens rather than telling them is a powerful message. People seem to learn and adopt healthy habits through role modeling. Third, have a family meal night one time a week. Getting teens and kids around the family table can encourage healthy eating and healthy conversations. If lifestyles permit, have family meal night more than once a week. Fourth, talk to teens about advertising. Discuss with them the hidden messages in commercials or how the goal of many commercials is to sell product not improve people’s esteem or make them look better. And finally, teach teens the importance of thinking things through rather than living the commercial’s message or any message without question. In many Bible stories, people are often compared to sheep. Sheep can easily get lost or go astray just as these Bible stories tell us.3 Gary Richmond, a former zookeeper at the Los Angeles zoo wrote a book called, All God’s Creatures. One of his chapters is dedicated to sheep. It explains how easily they follow whoever is leading. Even if danger is nearby, sheep will still follow and walk right into danger’s pathway. He says that, “they tend to think as a group, not for themselves, so they just go with the flow, even if the flow is going the wrong way.”4 Teaching kids and teens to ask questions and make decisions can help to avoid the trap of just going with the flow. Advertisers may be effective in giving messages to kids and teens but we can choose to think through these messages and incorporate healthy practices in our lives. 1Toops, D. RU Communic8N W Teens? Food Processing.com: The digital resource of food processing magazine. http::www.foodprocessing.com/articles/2006/096.html?page=print. Accessed August 31, 2007 2Hansen, Christine. Brain Scan, November 1, 2006. Deliver Magazine, https://www.delivermagazine.com/the-magazine/2006/11/01/brain-scan/print/. Accessed September 12, 2007. 3Isaiah 53:5 and Jeremiah 50:6 4Richmond, Gary. All God’s creatures: Spiritual Lessons from the Animals of the Bible. Word Publishing: Dallas, 1991, p.132. Pamela A. Williams, MPH, R.D., is a dietitian and writes from Cypress, CA. All rights reserved © 2010 AnswersForMe.org. Click here for content usage information. Languages are diverse, and there are many problems associated with translating and transcribing them. One common problem is missing terms. For example, the British word qaf, pronounced kaf, may not have the same meaning in English. Another common problem is the pronunciation of the same word in different languages. The result is a confusing and difficult situation for translators. Fortunately, there are ways to avoid this. The first problem is that transliteration is often tricky. When a word has no equivalent character in the target language, the result is often different spellings of the same word. When a text is translated, the translation process takes the meaning of a word in one language and provides an equivalent text in the other language. In these cases, it is not unusual to see the word “transliterated” in various forms. Most online translators provide transcreation and transcription in the same service. There are also many challenges in this line of work. For example, the lack of proper internet access and competition from other translators can put a strain on your time and finances. Luckily, there are ways to overcome these issues. The most important thing is to build a routine and a schedule that will enable you to work efficiently and get your job done. If you’re working from home, ask for help from a professional. If you need to translate an important document, you should look for a professional with extensive experience in the field. However, be aware that quality translations can be expensive, so it is important to choose a company that has a low price tag and is reliable. The best translation services also provide transcription. The process will allow you to get the document done quickly and efficiently. If you need to get something translated urgently, try outsourcing the translation. While you’ll be paying someone to do the work, you’ll be paying for the accuracy of the translation. You’ll also have to deal with the problems associated with transliteration. In case of a non-English language, it’s difficult to translate a word correctly if it is written by the native speaker. Consequently, you should always ask for a proofreader or a local editor. Translation is a highly technical process, and it is necessary to be sure you’re familiar with the particular language you’re working with. Whether you’re dealing with legal documents or medical manuals, mistakes can cause misinterpretation. If you’re dealing with a technical document, you should ask for help. The quality of the translation depends on the language and the source text. You should also be aware of the risks associated with transliteration, as it can result in incorrect spellings. The radargram in the upper panel of this image composite shows the subsurface of a unit of the Medusae Fossae Formation. The Medusae Fossae are mysterious deposits that form hills in the northern lowlands of Mars as seen in the bottom image. The top image is a time delay rendering of the radar waves emitted by Mars Express' MARSIS sounder showing subsurface echoes reflected back to the spacecraft. These echoes from the subsurface are correlated with the projection of the lowland plains beneath the Medusae Fossae Formation deposits. The electrical properties inferred from the data suggest these deposits may be ice-rich. Karışık anksiyete-depresif bozukluk tanımı, nedenleri ve tedavisi Karışık anksiyete-depresif bozukluk, anlayışında büyük tartışmalara neden olmuştur ve mevcut tüm teşhis sınıflandırmaları tarafından toplanmamıştır. Varlığının tanınmaması değil, bazen sekonder endişeli özelliklere sahip olan ve tek bir hastalık olmayan depresif bir hastalık olduğu düşünülmektedir.. Anksiyete ve depresyon belirtileri karışık endişeli depresif bozuklukta mevcuttur, ancak hiçbiri açıkça baskın değildir ne de ayrı bir teşhisi haklı kılacak kadar güçlü değil mi. Bu hastalık görülen hafif semptomların karışımı ile kendini gösterir.sık sık birinci basamakta prevalansı genel popülasyonda daha da yüksektir. Depresif belirtiler ve anksiyete kombinasyonu etkilenen kişinin işleyişinde önemli bir bozulmaya neden olur. Bununla birlikte, bu tanıya karşı çıkanlar, bu tanı konabilirliğinin mevcudiyetinin, tam bir psikiyatri öyküsü oluşturmak için gereken zamanı kullanmasını engellediğini savundu. Gerçek depresif bozuklukların anksiyete bozukluklarından ayırt edilmesini sağlayan bir hikaye. Karışık endişeli depresif bozukluk teşhisi konduğunda? Tanı koymak gerektirir endişeli semptomların varlığı ve düşük yoğunluklu depresyon. Ayrıca titreme, çarpıntı, ağız kuruluğu ve mide rahatsızlığı hissi gibi bazı bitkisel semptomlar bulunmalıdır.. Bazı ön çalışmalar bunu göstermiştir. pratisyen hekimin karışık anksiyete-depresif bozukluk sendromuna duyarlılığı düşüktür. Bununla birlikte, bu tanıma eksikliğinin sadece bu hastalar için uygun bir teşhis etiketi eksikliğini yansıtması mümkündür.. Karışık anksiyete-depresif bozukluk belirtileri Bu hastalığın klinik belirtileri anksiyete bozuklukları belirtilerini ve depresif bozuklukların belirtilerini birleştirir. ayrıca, gastrointestinal şikayetler gibi otonom sinir sistemi hiperaktivite semptomları yaygındır, ve tıbbi kliniklerde bu hastaların sıklıkla tedavi edilmesine katkıda bulunmak. DSM-IV karma anksiyete-depresif bozukluk için araştırma kriterleri Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve İstatistiksel El Kitabı (DSM) bu bozukluğun tanısını koymak için bir dizi kriter önermektedir. Öte yandan, daha önce belirttiğimiz gibi, sadece araştırma amaçlıdır. Onları görelim: Bu bozukluğun temel özelliği en az 1 ay süren kalıcı veya tekrarlayan disforik bir ruh hali. Bu akıl durumuna, aralarında aşağıdakilerden en az dördünün dahil olduğu, aynı süreli ek belirtiler eşlik eder: - Konsantrasyon zorluğu veya hafıza, uyku bozuklukları, yorgunluk veya enerji eksikliği. - Akut sinirlilik. - Tekrarlayan ve yoğun endişe. - Gelecekle ilgili kolay ağlama, umutsuzluk ya da karamsarlık ve düşük özgüven veya değersizlik duyguları. - Hipervigilance, tehlike beklentisi. Bu semptomlara neden olur önemli klinik rahatsızlık veya sosyal, emek veya kişinin etkinliğinin diğer önemli bozuklukları. Öte yandan, karışık anksiyete depresif bozukluğu, belirtiler bir maddenin veya tıbbi bir hastalığın doğrudan fizyolojik etkilerinden kaynaklanıyorsa ya da herhangi bir zamanda, bir kişi ana depresi
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salın uğradığı hasarın tipine bağlıdır. Çoğu diz incinmelerinin sınıflandırıldığı birkaç ana grup vardır. Hepsi de mafsalda ağrı ve dengesizlik güçsüzlük meydana getirebilir. Menisküs Yırtıkları Menisküs dizde, uyluk kemiğinin ucuyla kaval kemiği uçları arasında bulunan yarımay şeklinde bir kıkırdaktır. Belirli darbe ve bükme zedelenmeleri ve menisküsde yırtılmaya yol açar ve mafsalda ağrı yapar. Bazen zedelenme anında bir ses duyulur. Çoğu zaman bu zedelenme sizin bükülüp kalmanıza yol açacaktır. Bazı durumlarda, ayağa kalkıp hatta aktiviteye devam edebilirsiniz, fakat büyük ihtimalle dizdeki bir kıkırdak yırtılması derhal şişmeye ve sürekli ağrıya sebep olacaktır. Birkaç haftalık bir sürede iyileşse bile nüksedebilir. Serbest Cisimler Bazı diz zedelenmelerinde diz kapağının veya kıkırdağın (menisküs) parçaları yerlerinden kopar ve mafsal boşluğunda rasgele dolaşmaya başlar. Bunun yaptığı etki bir kapıya kalem sıkışmasına benzer. Küçük bir başıboş kıkırdak parçası bile diz mafsalına takılıp mafsalı "kilitleyebilir veya ağrı yapabilir. Tedavi Diz incinmesi için gereken tedavi her incinmeye göre farklıdır. Nispeten küçük diz zedelenmeleri için uygun tedavi yaklaşımı koruma, dinlenme, buz, kompres ve yükseltme olarak özetlenebilir. incittiğiniz zaman dizinizi kullanmayı bırakın. Şişmeyi sınırlı tutmak için buz ve bandaj (sarma, sıkıştırma kullanın. Ağrıyı ve şişmeyi azaltmaya yardımcı olmak için bacağınızı yükseğe kaldırın. Eğer ekleminiz ağır şekilde hasar görmüşse rekonstrüktif cerrahi gerekecektir, belki kemikleri, eğer yerinden çıkmış veya kırılmışsa yerine yerleştirmek için, veya kopan veya yırtılan bağları tekrar yerine bağlamak için çoğu zaman, ufak zedelenmeler için büyük bir yer açmadan küçük bir bölgede yapılan bir işlem olan artroskopi ile tamir edilebilir. Rehabilitasyon Ameliyattan sonra, ilk iyileşme süresi içinde bir destek aracı, aparey veya alçı uygulanabilir. Dizi hareket ettirmenize izin verildikten sonra hareket kapasitesini geri döndürmek ve mafsalın gücünü tekrar kazanması için size bir egzersiz program verilecektir. İyileşmenizi bir fizik tedavi teknisyeni veya rehabilitasyon uzmanı gözlemleyebilir DOLAMA Dolama, tırnağın çevresindeki derinin yüzeysel bir enfeksiyonu olup en büyük sıklıkla stafilakoklar veya mantar tarafından meydana getirilir. Bu durum genellikle bir şeytan tırnağını ısırıp kopartma gibi bir yaralanmanın veya tırnak dibindeki deriyi bir işleme tabi tutmak veya deri itmek gibi hareketlerin sonucu olur. Tırnağa bitişik olan cildin üzerinde kırmızı, şişkin bölge ile kendini gösterir. Bakteriyel dolama genellikle ani ve ıstıraplı bir enfeksiyondur. Yüzeysel cerahat dolu kabarıklar belirebilir. Tutulan bölgeyi bastırınca cerahat sızıntısı olabilir. Dolamanın bir başka çeşidine mantar enfeksiyonu sebep olur ve bu, şeker hastalığı olan kişilerde ve ellerini uzun süre su içinde bulunduranlarda yaygındır. Mantar enfeksiyonları ağır ağır gelişir, fakat inatçı olma eğilimi gösterir. Bazen hem bakteriler hem de mantar vardır, böylece daha fazla şişme ve cerahate yol açılır. Akut bir enfeksiyon tırnağın çevresinden ve epidermisten dolaşarak bunların altına işleyip ağrılı bir apse meydana gelmesine yol açar. Tırnak dibindeki deri kabarır. Tırnak ayrılabilir. Tırnakta bozulma veya renk atması meydana gelir. Nadir olmakla birlikte, bu enfeksiyon parmağın içine işleyerek tendon dokusuna yayılabilir. Deri boyunca görülen kırmızı çizgiler, bakteriler kanınıza karıştığının işaretidir. Eğer böyle bir durum olursa, doktora gidin. Teşhis için dolamaya hangi tip mikroorganizmanın neden olduğunu belirlemek amacıyla cerahat kültürü yapılabilir. Tedavi Sıcak banyolar: Dokuların iltihapla şişmesini azaltmaya yardım edecektir. Bunları takiben bir antibakteriyel madde (bakteri enfeksiyonları için) sürülebilir veya eğer bir mantar enfeksiyonu varsa yüzde 1 lik gentian violet solüsyonu kullanılabilir DUPUYTREN KONTRAKTURU Bu hastalık adını 19. yüzyıl başlarında yaşamış ve onu tarif etmiş olan Fransız cerrahı Baron Dupuytren den almıştır. özelliği cildin altındaki dokunun üstünün sertleşmesidir (palmar fascia). Belirtiler - Bir veya birkaç parmağı açamamak, - Avuç içinde küçük bir şişkinlik veya sertlik. Dupuytren kontraktürü genellikle ağrılı değildir, fakat elde ilerleyen bir deformasyon meydana getirebilir. Aynı zamanda ayak tabanında da buna benzer doku sertleşmesi ve çekmesi görülebilir. Bu rahatsızlık en çok yüzük parmağı ve küçük parmakta oluşur fakat herhangi bir parmağı, ayak tabanını hatta penisi etkileyebilir. Hastalığın nedeni bilinmemektedir. Fakat kalıtım öğesi güçlü görülmektedir. Çünkü bu problem aynı ailenin bireylerinde daha fazla görülür. Bir diğer ortak özellik, orta yaşlı erkekler olup bazıları alkolik veya epileptiktir. Bu bağlantının nedeni bilinmiyor. Tek bir travmatik olaya bağlı olma ihtimali fazla değildir. Teşhis Bu hastalığın teşhisi için fizik muayene genellikle yeterlidir. Hasta bölgenin üzerindeki derinin çukurlaşması oldukça karakteristiktir. Derinin altında, hareket ettirilemeyen bir doku şeridi de olabilir. Bileğin pozisyonundaki bir değişiklik kontraktürü etkilemez. Teşhis koyulduktan sonra, hastalığın ilerlemesini gözlem altında tutmak önemlidir. Doktorunuz avuç içiniz aşağı gelecek şekilde elinizi düz bir yüzeye koymanızı isteyebilir. Eğer bu durumda parmağınızı açamazsanız, tedavi gerekebilir. Testin sonucu negatif bile olsa, zaman zaman bu testi tekrarlamanız gereklidir. Sonuç, durumun kötüleştiğini gösterirse, ameliyat yapılabilir. Bu sık rastlanan hastalık, çoğunlukla ağrılı olmamasına rağmen parmakların esnekliğinin gittikçe azalması zaman içinde rahatsızlığa yol açabilir. Fakat birçok vakada tedavi gerekmez. Ameliyat gerekli olduğu zaman sıklıkla, normal hareket yeteneğinin tamamı veya çoğu geri dönebilir, yine de, bazı kimselerde rahatsızlık nüksedebilir. Tedavi Ameliyat Ameliyat, büzüşmüş dokuların çıkarılması ve bazı vakalarda vücudun diğer bölgelerinden alınan derinin bu bölgeye nakledilmesi (gref) ya da diğer cerrahi girişimlerden oluşur. El birkaç gün ya da hafta açık pozisyonda parmaklarla birlikte sarılacak ve daha sonra parmak ve el egzersizlerinden oluşan fizik tedavi başlayacaktır DUSUK TANSIYON (HIPOTANSIYON) Kan basıncının düşük olması nadir olarak görülen bir durumdur. Genel olarak sağlık açısından her hangi bir tehlikesi yoktur; dahası tansiyonu düşük insanların daha uzun yaşasığını ve kalp ve böbrek hastalıklarına daha az yakalandıklarına dair bulgular mevcuttur. Bununla birlikte, bazı araştırmacılar tarafından sikulatuvar asteni (dolaşım zayıflığı denebilir) denilen bir hastalık tanımlamışlar ve bunun tedavisine yönelik oalrak, kan basıncını yükselten ilaç geliştirmişlerdir. Tansiyon düşüklüğü olanlarda ani kalkışlar sırasında; hafif bir başağrısı ve zihin bulanuklığı olabilir. Bunu engellemenin en iyi yolu pozisyon değiştirirken dikkatli olmaktır. Sürekli yorgunluk ve halsizlik hissedenlerin bazılarında sinirsel kaynaklı tansiyon düşüklüğü olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Bu kişilerde uzun süre ayakta durmaya, egzersize veya sıcak ortamlarda uzun süre kalmaya bağlı olarak ani tansiyon düşmeleri meydana gelmektedir. Johns Hopkins Universitesinde gerçekleştirilen bir çalışmada, bu tür rahatsızlığı olanlara bol-tuzlu diyet ve kan basıncını yükselten ilaç vermeyi müteakip hastaların %75 inde, yorgunluk şikayetlerinin ortadan kalktığı gözlenmiştir. Benzer bir durum yaşlılarda da meydana gelebilir. Yaşlılarda özellikle yemeklerden sonra kanın sindirim organlarına hücum etmesine bağlı olarak, bir halsizlik hissedilebilir. Bu duruma yemek-sonrası tansiyon düşüklüğü adı verilir ve genellikle tansiyonu yüksek olan hastalarda gözlenir. Bu kişilerde asıl problem, kan basıncının yüksekliğinden dolayı, göreceli olarak dolaşımda azalmış olan kanın hayati organlardan olan beyne pompalanmasının azalmaya uğramasıdır. Eğer böyle bir probleminiz varsa, günde en az 6 bardak su içerek damar içinde dolaşan kan miktarını arttırın ve yemeklerden sonra az bir miktar yürüyün. Kan basıncı düşük olan yaşlılarda ölüm oranının daha fazla olduğunu iddia eden araştırmacılar bulunmakla birlikte, sorunun kanbasıncından kaynaklanmadığını öne sürenler de vardır; bunlara göre sorun kalpten kaynaklanmaktadır ve tedavi edilebilmektedir EGZAMA Atopik dermatit oalrak da bilinen egzama, allerjik bir deri hastalığıdır. Yeni doğanlarda, çocuklarda ve genç yetişkinlerde sık olarak gözlenir. Kaşıntılı, kalınlaşmış, kırmızı alanlarla kendini gösterir ve vücudun değişik yerlerinde olabilir. Kaybolup tekrar ortaya çıkabilir ve astım gibi allerjik hastalıklarla birlikte bulunabilir. Tedavide genelde steroidli pomadlar kullanılmaktadır. Ancak uzun süre bu tür tedaviler almış ve tedavi olamamışsanız, aşağıdaki tedavi yöntemi sizin için uygun olabilir. - Diyetinizden süt ve tüm süt ürünlerini çıkarın. - Günde iki kez 500 mg kuş üzümü yağı veya bulamıyorsanız 50şer gram kuş üzümü yiyin. 12 yaşından daha küçükler için miktarların yarısını verin. Buna 6-8 hafta devam edin. - Sizi rahatlatacak herhangi bir yöntem bulun, bu hipnoz olabilir. Hipnozun allerjik durumlarda fayda sağladığını ortaya koyan sonuçlar vardır. - Kaplıcalar egzamada son derece faydalı olabilir. Bunun için uzun süre her gün kaplıca suyu ile yıkanmanız gerekir. Bu süre içerisinde ilaç kullanmamanız daha iyi olabilir. - Sarı sabır bitkisinden elde edilen krem ve nergis losyonu etkilenen bölgelere sürülebilir. - Protein tüketiminizi azaltın, günlük kalori alımınızın %10unu geçmesin. Protein kaynağı olarak hayvansal ürünler yerine bitkisel ürünleri tercih edin. - Doğal şartlarda yetiştirilmiş sebze ve meyveleri tüketin, suni gübre ve ilaçlarla yetiştirilen besinlerden uzak durun. - omega-3 yağ asitlerini daha fazla tüketin. - hidrojenize veya kısmen hidrojenize yağlardan kaçının (margarinler, hamburger yağları...) - banyodan sonra sadece kurulanın, derinizi ovalamayın EKTODERMAL DISPLAZI (Ectodermal Dysplasia) Deri ve derinin eklerinin (saç, tırnaklar, dişler ve ter bezleri) gelişim bozukluğu ile kendini gösteren kalıtımsal bir hastalıktır. Ektodermal displazinin çok sayıda tipi bulunmakla birlikte en sık rastlanılan tipi; X-kromozomuna bağlı olarak geçiş gösteren anhidrotik ektodermal displazidir (terleme yokluğu/azlığı ile birlikte olan tipi) ve sadece erkeklerde gözlenir. Otozomal kromozomlara (cinsiyet kromozomları dışındaki kromozomlar) bağlı olarak dominant (baskın) geçiş gösteren diğer bir tipi ise hem erkek hem de kız bebeklerde aynı oranda gözlenir. Otozomal dominant tip ile X-geçişli tipde gözlenen şikayetler ve belirtiler aynıdır. Ektodermal displazide, derinin tüm ekleri değişik derecelerde etkilenmiş olabilir. Anhidrotik ektodermal displazide ter bezlerinin anne karnında iken gelişmemesi sonucu meydana gelir. Etkilenen bebeklerde vücut sıcaklığının kontrolünde sorun vardır ve çok hafif hastalıklarda bile son derece yüksek ve tehlikeli ateş yükselmesi gözlenebilir, çünkü teleyerek ateşin kontrol mekanizması ortadan kalkmaktadır. Yetişkin hastalarda ise sıcak ortamlarda bulunmak ve çalışmak zorlaşır. Mukozaların (vücudun iç boşluklarını döşeyen deri) tutulduğu hastalarda burunla ilgili kronik enfeksiyonlar daha sık gözlenir, solunum yolu enfeksiyonları artmıştır ve burundan sürekli kötü kokulu bir akıntı gelebilir. Saç telleri çok ince olabilir veya saçta dökülmeler görülebilir. Cİlt ince ve rengi açık olabilir. Diş gelişimi anormaldir ve bir çok diş eksik olabilir. Bu hastalıktan korunmak için yapılması gereken en önemli şey; ailesinde ektoermal displazi olduğu bilinen anne - babaların hamilelik öncesi genetik danışmanlık hizmetleri için için ilgili bir birime müracaat etmeleridir, hamilelik sırasında hastalığın saptanmasını sağlayacak bir analiz bulunmamaktadır. Belirtiler ve Şikayetler - diş sayısının az olması - sivri dişler - diş çıkmasının gecikmesi - terleme yokluğu - gözyaşı yokluğu (nadiren) - ince deri - cilt rengi açıklığı - kötü kokulu burun akıntısı - sıcağa tahammül edememe - vücut sıcaklığınd aani yükselmeler - ince saş telleri - saç yokluğu - tırnaklarda şekil bozukluğu (kalınlaşma) - burunda basıklık Tanı Biyopsi ile tanı konur (deri ve mukozalardan örnek alınır). Tedavi Ektodermal displazinin özel bir tedavisi yoktur. Tedavide genelde kozmetik yöntemler kullanılır: Takma diş veya protez, saç için peruk gibi çözümler kullanılabilir. Gözlerde kurumayı engellemek için sentetik gözyaşı damlaları kullanılabilir. Burundaki akıntıları ve enfeksiyon gelişimini engellemek için sık sık bir hekim tarafından burun iç kısmının temizlenmesi gerekebilir. Erken yaşlarda panaromik diş grafisi çekilir. Erken aşamada protezlerin kullanılması yüzde yapısal anomalilerin ortaya çıkmasını önleyebilir. Daha yeni yöntemlerden biri de protetik dişlerin içine yerleştirildiği kemik implantları kullanmaktır. Vücut sıcaklığının kontrolü sürekli bir problem olabilir; sık sık soğuk su ile duş almak, serin ortamlarda bulunmak ve serinletici spreyler kullanmak gerekebilir. Aktiviteler, giysiler, soğutma yöntemleri ve hatta daha serin iklimli bir yere taşınmak gerekebilir. Anhidrotik ektodermal displazili hastalarda atopik ekzema da sıktır ve tedavi edilmelidir. Hastaların çoğunun derisi kurudur ve nemlendiriciler kullanılmalıdır. Palmoplantar keratoderma varsa keratolitikler kullanılır. Bu hastalıkla birlikte bulunabilecek yarık damak ve dudak, uretral stenoz, vaginal adezyonlar, mukozal ve kutanöz malignite, sindaktili ve diğer yapısal anormallikler için cerrahi tedavi gereklidir. Mukozal lökoplaki ve atrofik deri bulunursa malignite açısından; diskeratozis konjenita varsa kan diskrazileri için düzenli izlem gereklidir. Tırnak distrofisi olan hastalarda özel ayakkabı kullanılmalıdır. Akut paronişi varsa antibiyoterapi uygulanır. Sonuç Ektodermal displazi hayat boyu sürecek ve gerekli önlemler alındığında hayatı tehdit etmeden kontrol edilebilecek bir hastalıktır. Ancak özellikle vücut sıcaklığının kontrolü konusuna özellikle dikkat edilmelidir. Ateş yükselmesine bağlı havale geçirilebilir, bu konuya özellikle dikkat edilmelidir. Ayrıca vücut sıcaklığındaki aşırı yükselmeler beyinde hasara neden olabilir EPIGLOTIT (NEFES BORUSU KAPAKCIGI ILTIHABI) Epiglotit nefes borusunun üstündeki ufak kıkırdağın iltihabıdır. En sık 2-5 yaş arasındaki çocuklarda görülür ama yetişkinlerde de rastlanır. Erkeklerde kadınlardan, beyaz ırkta diğerlerinden daha sıktır. Epiglotit bakteri enfeksiyonudur. Hodgkin hastalığı, lösemi ve bağışıklığı yok edici hastalıklar epiglottitisli ortam yaratırlar. Belirtiler - Boğaz ağrısı - Ateş, - Yutma zorluğu - Kısık-boğuk ses. - Nefes alma güçlüğü (acil). Teşhis Epiglotit belirtileri farenjit ve bademcik iltihabı belirtilerine benzer. Çocuğunuzda boğaz ağrısı görülür ve yutma çok güçleşir. Ateşlenirler ve sesleri kısılır. 1-2 günden uzun sürerse doktora başvurun. Doktor boğazını muayene
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the picture by assuming they were photographed in a hospital or clinic setting where they were being examined or treated; perhaps the man on the right was asked to be photographed nude to make a record of a “mistreated, starved victim of the Nazis,” while he was in reality a victim of disease. His demeanor is one of both defenselessness and humiliation, just perfect as propaganda. Update! January 7, 2013 Another consideration, brought to mind by Tom’s critical comment, is that the naked man appears to be photographed from slightly above, because we are looking down on his legs and he has no visible neck. But we’re viewing the men in the bunk from a lower position, with the camera flash lighting up the two upper rows. Studying it enlarged 400% on Internet Explorer, there definitely appear to be two camera angles. In addition, the shadow made by his left foot is not convincing; why isn’t it flat on the floor? The black area to the right of his right foot is the leg of the bench. Might as well repeat here, as I wrote in my reply to Tom in the “Comments”: The shoulders and upper arms of this seated man (and his ear!) are very white, while the rest of his body including his face have a light greyed tone. The difference runs from his neck to his armpit, exactly the same on both sides. It cannot be possible that he wore clothing outdoors that only covered his shoulders and upper arms, leaving the rest exposed! No, the most likely answer is that the arm and shoulder areas have been painted in ... for whatever reason. Plus, where is this man’s navel? He doesn’t have one. The other man on the far right looks larger in size, especially noticeable is the head and the hands. I see some signs of retouching on him — the dark line behind his raised knee and the wrinkle lines on the sleeve covering his left arm. Neither look natural. A mislabeled photo – turning Germans into Jews The picture of four men, below right, is in the Museum’s Buchenwald photo archives labeled as “Group Portrait of Four Jewish Youth at liberation in Buchenwald,” photo #27289. It’s dated Wednesday, April 11, 1945 (Liberation Day!), courtesy of Morris Rosen; no photographer listed. It adds this information: “Nucher, (the donor’s friend) is pictured in the lower left. Pictured in the center is Jacob Rosenthal from Satu-Mare.” Consider the extent of the irresponsible misinformation on the USHMM website when you learn that these are German men after being interned at the notorious Bad Nenndorf secret prison set up in Germany by the British during their occupation of north-west Germany in 1945. I used this photo in the post for my Oct. 29 radio program The Heretics Hour. The treatment of the prisoners in this camp by the British was far worse than anything experienced by those at Buchenwald. Below are more pictures of documented Bad Nenndorf victims. All suffered from actual, unnecessary starvation. More needs to be done to expose all the photographic “evidence” in the USHMM archives that are forgeries or are mislabeled. There is obviously no vetting or double-checking of what is turned in by Jewish contributors; it’s accepted and catalogued “as is,” just like at Yad Vashem in Israel. We must realize that there is very little about the “Holocaust” that is not fraudulent, either by design or through negligence. The USHMM is a totally Zionist operation and thus is a propaganda mill, not an institution pursuing historic accuracy. Tutorial on Cast Shadows In case some readers have trouble understanding shadows and why the shadow “drawn” around the head and body of the seated man (or he was originally seated in front of a wall) are a give-away for forgery, I am presenting two images here that should explain it. Notice that the shadow cast by this boy (right) sitting in open space is not around his body but on the ground. Shadows cannot be seen “in the air” but only on a surface. Likewise the statue at left is a short distance away from a wall. But notice that the shadow follows the floor before it reaches the wall, making the shadow on the wall quite a bit shorter than the object itself. Category Featured | Tags: Tags: Bad Nenndorf, Buchenwald Lie-beration, bunks, composite photograph, forgery, USHMM, Social Networks: Facebook, Twitter, Google Bookmarks, del.icio.us, StumbleUpon, Digg, Reddit, Posterous. Sunday, December 23rd, 2012 By Carolyn Yeager copyright 2012 carolyn yeager Do you remember the nursery rhyme that goes: Sugar and Spice and all things nice, that’s what little girls are made of. How about this one: Magic and Trickery and all things fakery, that’s what “the holocaust” is made of. This very famous image associated with the so-called “Holocaust” that was discussed in the previous post has turned out to be fraught with fakery. A sharp-eyed reader, Paul Borresen, noticed something that, once seen, makes one wonder how it was not seen before! What he noticed is that, in addition to the forged standing man exposed in my previous post, one of the men in the bunks appears twice in this Famous Buchenwald Lie-beration Photo, and the similarity is unmistakeable. Viewing the photo above, enlarged as much as it can be ... find the young man lying on his back with head turned toward the photographer, in the 2nd row up from the bottom, 3rd from the left. His head is resting on his food bowl. (close-up on left, below, designated ‘Original’) Now look at the young man in the same position in the bottom row, 4th from the left. He is the same man! (close-up on right, above, designated ‘Copy’) The food bowl has been removed from underneath his head, leaving it to a military intelligence photo-retoucher to redo his throat and neck, but in a very un-anatomical manner. Have you ever seen a neck that looked like that? I have not. In an attempt to retain a lesser portion of the ‘gown’ he was wearing so that it would not look the same as the ‘original,’ more bare skin is left showing, but without any anatomical correctness whatsoever. The retoucher was not a trained artist and was in over his/her head with this assignment. For example, look at the ear. It consists of a few strokes of light-colored paint in an attempt to make something resembling an ear, but failing. Ears are one of the most difficult parts of the body to draw or paint in a convincing manner, but it was necessary to add an ear to this ‘copy’ because the ear is not showing on the original man in the bunk above; it is buried against the upside-down food bowl and some material that’s covering it. The botched ear of the ‘copy’ is one of the biggest giveaways of fakery in this photo, but not the only one. What’s with all these thick, black eyebrows? Let’s look at the eyes and eyebrows next. The man whom we are calling “the original,” has very dark, thick eyebrows but otherwise looks normal. The shadow under his chin is probably what was actually there – bringing attention to the fact that a very bright light source in a dark room was shining on the men, and hitting the lower two rows of bunks more than the upper two rows. His “copy” also has very dark, flat eyebrows but they have been redrawn to begin higher up from the bridge of the nose and extend down to the outside corner of the eye, giving him a wild look. Adding to this wild-eyed look is the delineation of more distinct eyelids, rounding the eyes and enlarging the irises, all of which create the zombie look which the ‘original’ doesn’t have. A couple more things were done in a futile effort to camouflage this ‘copy’: the rounding of the forehead, head, and hairline, and the squaring of the chin and lower jaw. A crude line of black paint, applied all the way up to the big, white ‘cauliflower’ ear, was evidently thought to suffice for a shadow under chin and jaw. Look closely especially where it meets the ear and you can recognize it is paint. Yet, the nose, mouth, upper jaw and facial shadows remain exactly the same in both figures. The result is a grotesque second person that I suppose has been eliciting sympathy from clueless viewers all these years. This grotesque, over-worked ‘copy’ is also smaller than it should be for the bunk it occupies – actually being the same size as the man peering out from the next bunk further down. Maybe the forgers thought this would make him look like a young boy. If so, they failed to realize that boys don’t have tiny heads! Now, this peering man has clearly had his eyebrows and eyes emphasized with black paint or pencil. Or he may be totally fake. Others whose eyebrows were treated similarly are: The “elie wiesel” face has heavily emphasized eyebrows; also the second and third man in the third row, and all the men in the top row. I believe the best explanation for this phenomenon is this: the poorly painted eyebrows of the ‘copy’ would stand out too much from the natural-looking eyebrows of all the rest, so it was decided to give a swipe of black paint to many other eyebrows also, including our ‘original.’ As a practicing artist most of my life, from childhood on, who has drawn and painted hundreds of faces and done many portraits, I know quite well how to touch up faces and how tiny adjustments can make a big difference in attaining a likeness. The assignment here was to do the opposite of attaining a likeness; it was to take a photographic carbon copy and make it look unlike the original. If I had done the work on this photograph it would be far superior to the image we have, which is a really sloppy job by people who are not artists and therefore don’t have “an eye” for how things actually look and/or don’t know how to make it look that way. Which is a good thing for us! NEW ENLARGED IMAGES! In these close-ups showing more of the neck and the space around the faces. we can see more clearly how the head of the “copy” in the lower bunk is angled back, just slightly, since he is lying with his head directly on the floor of the bunk, not propped up as is the “original.” I think it’s likely that after altering the face and hair, and adding an “ear,” the forgers severed the face/head at the jawline and proceeded to paint a brand new neck that would fit the newly angled face with the slightly raised chin. This is why everything below the chin is so horribly wrong. We can see a collar bone and shoulder in the ‘original,’ but there is no bone structure at all in the ‘copy.’ The crude black line representing a shadow under the chin serves to “attach” the two parts together. The ‘copy’ also has far less contrast, is overall grayish, which would happen from all the retouching, or also that this copy was set for low contrast. We can see that the shadows on the side of the face follow the same pattern even though they’ve been interrupted here and there. We can also see clearly how the upper line of the face was indented right below the cheekbone, and was added to along the mouth area. The line of the mouth between the upper and lower lips goes all the way to the edge of the face, but on the ‘copy’ it stops short of the edge. You can see the gray paint added at that upper corner of the mouth. Hundreds of forged and mislabeled photographs make up the “Holocaust” This is one photograph out of many that were also forged. I believe it is one of the most important because it has been given such a prominent place among the documents “proving” the “Holocaust.” Elie Wiesel, or his handlers, no doubt selected this photo – from many possible others wherein he could be falsely identified as one of the crowd – because it was already so well-known and was in many books and publications. Therefore, whenever it is published somewhere, it can be said that Nobel Prize winner Elie Wiesel is in the picture. However, they didn’t count on it being exposed as a fraud – they never do. But now it has been, and it’s up to us – all of you reading this – to see that the exposé becomes known everywhere this photograph appears. This is what it will take to break the spell. What we have to fight against – our own people A fellow revisionist who helps me with technical issues from time to time for this blog actually wanted me to hold back on this because he could not be sure that the two figures discussed in this article are the same man! What would it take to convince him? A confession from the perpetrators? A corroboration from an authority figure or a Jew? Why the difficulty in contradicting the given narrative? A poster at Stormfront who boldly calls himself “The Hammer of God” had this to say when confronted with the empty black area in the NYTimes reprint: Idk, newspapers did have pretty low-quality pictures at that time, so maybe that whole area was just set to black, but it looks bright enough for that person to have shown up. The lighting actually seems a bit brighter on that man, which makes it even stranger why that section would appear black. So, perhaps it is a forgery, but I can’t say for certain. Some hammer. How do you “just set an area to black?” And why would they? When I saw that reprint of the NYTimes article it was instantaneous ... Eureka! I didn’t have to think about it or doubt myself. People like ‘The Hammer” should spend more time studying how the magic spell works. It works like this: Evidence doesn’t count; don’t trust it; don’t trust your own senses; trust the consensus. Far too many of us cannot break out of the consensus about the “Holocaust” and the ” evil Nazis.” For this reason, we need to clearly understand what is being done, and how it’s being done. The “how” is very important. It’s a kind of sleight of hand, a magic act, and we are the ones being both entertained and kept in servitude by it. This is how we will break the spell. Category Featured | Tags: Tags: Elie Wiesel, fakery, famous Buchenwald photo, Holocaust, magic, photo retouching, trickery, Social Networks: Facebook, Twitter, Google Bookmarks, del.icio.us, StumbleUpon, Digg, Reddit, Posterous. Wednesday, December 19th, 2012 By Carolyn Yeager copyright 2012 carolyn yeager This is the photograph that Allied Supreme Commander General Dwight David Eisenhower ordered, in April 1945, to be posted in every German town and city 1 to show the defeated population the “true meaning of Nazism.” Was this photo made to order according to Ike’s specifications? A huge blown-up version then went on tour in the United States for the same purpose, to impress on the American people what evil they had gone to war against; why the sacrifice of blood and treasure was justified! Left: “A traveling exhibit of larger than life size photographs was first shown in St. Louis, MO in summer 1945 and then taken to Washington, DC. It was plastered on the front pages of newspapers across the country. Thus it became one of the most iconic images representing WWII and of what later came to be known as “The Holocaust.” The intention was to portray the war as a noble effort to “save the Jews from enslavement and extermination,” just as the equally bloody American Civil War had come to be taught as a war “to free the slaves,” i.e. the Negroes who were not citizens of the country they
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history, the diamond has switched owners and names, but it’s best known as the Taylor-Burton Diamond. Let’s dive into the fascinating history of the Taylor-Burton Diamond. Who Was Taylor Burton? Many people who aren’t in the diamond industry have heard of the Taylor-Burton Diamond and believe it’s someone’s first and last name. However, this isn’t true; the diamond was named after the famous couple who purchased the ring: Richard Burton and his wife, Elizabeth Taylor. Since Cartier bought the diamond first, the stone was called the Cartier Diamond. After Richard Burton bought it, the diamond was named the Cartier-Burton Diamond, but it gained fame as the Taylor-Burton Diamond since Elizabeth was the one wearing it. The Mining of the Taylor-Burton Diamond The Taylor-Burton diamond has a long history, but naturally, the history of the Taylor-Burton Diamond begins with its discovery. It was discovered in 1966 in the Premier Mine in South Africa. The Premier Mine is known for producing over 750 stones over 100 carats and more than 25% of the world’s supply of diamonds that weigh more than 400 carats. Other notable diamonds sourced from the Premier Mine are the Cullinan Diamond (the largest gem-quality diamond ever found), the Golden Jubilee, and Premier Rose. When it was discovered, the rough stone weighed 240.80 carats (48.2 grams). Harry Winston, an American jeweler with an eye for exceptional diamonds, recognized the stone’s potential and bought it. After bringing it to the U.S., Harry Winston and Pastor Color Jr. (his cleaver) studied the diamond for months. They finally decided to cut the stone in two and transform the larger piece into the perfectly proportional pear-shaped diamond we know today. Since cameras were allowed in the room during the cleaving, there was a lot of tension in the air. After cutting the stone, the cleaver reached for a piece, looked at it with his glasses, and exclaimed, “Beautiful!” The Notable Specifications of the Diamond The Taylor-Burton diamond is pear-shaped and weighs 69.42 carats. This is slightly less than the original 75-carat estimate jewelers thought the 160-carat piece of the original gemstone would produce. The diamond is colorless with very slight inclusions. Thanks to the precise cut, it has high brilliance and looks impressive from every angle. The Famous Bidding War and the Aftermath Contrary to popular belief, Elizabeth Taylor wasn’t the first owner of the diamond after Harry Winston. Winston sold it to Harriet Annenberg Ames in 1967. Harriet was the sister of the U.S. ambassador to the United Kingdom during the Nixon administration, Walter Annenberg. Two years after purchasing the diamond, Harriet decided to sell it. According to her, she didn’t feel comfortable wearing the massive diamond in New York and constantly kept her gloves on. She kept the diamond in a bank vault for a while but soon decided it was time to sell it since she was not using it. The stone was officially put up for auction on October 23rd, 1969, and the buyer would have the right to name the diamond as they please. Before the action, journalists speculated who would bid for the diamond, and the list included the “usual” international names from the diamond world. Elizabeth Taylor was one of the people interested in purchasing the diamond. In fact, the diamond was even flown to Switzerland, just so she could take a look at it in person, and then back for the auction. On the day of the auction, the room was packed with TV cameras, journalists, diamond experts, and potential buyers. Since Richard Burton was in London at the time, he sent a representative to the auction: Al Yugler of the jewelers Frank Pollack and Sons. Plus, he had his lawyer bidding on the telephone. Burton said the maximum amount he would give was $1 million. The auction started at $200,000 and quickly rushed to $500,000 with nine active bidders, including Harry Winston, Aristotle Onassis, the Sultan of Brunei Hassanai Bolkiah, etc. At $650,000, there were only two people left, and when the bidding reached $1 million, Yugler dropped out. The auction ended shortly after that when the hammer fell at $1,050,000, which was the record price for a gem at the time. Since everyone in the room stood up, the auctioneer wasn’t able to identify who won right away. Later, it was revealed that Robert Kenmore of the Kenmore Corporation (the parent company of Cartier) was the winner. The diamond was subsequently named “The Cartier Diamond.” When Burton’s lawyer called him to inform him that he had been outbid, Burton said he wanted it regardless of the price. He contacted Cartier the next day and bought the diamond for $1.1 million. Kenmore agreed to sell the diamond under one condition: the stone had to be displayed in Cartier’s stores in Chicago and New York for a week. It’s estimated around 6,000 people came to see the diamond every day. After the exhibition, the diamond was flown to Monaco. Soon after receiving it, Elizabeth Taylor found the diamond was too heavy for a ring and had it placed in a necklace. The necklace was designed to cover Elizabeth’s scar from a tracheotomy. The diamond was first called “The Cartier-Burton Diamond” but gained fame as “The Taylor-Burton Diamond.” Wearing the Taylor-Burton Diamond The first time Elizabeth Taylor wore the diamond necklace was in November 1969. She and Richard Burton attended a party in Monte Carlo hosted by Princess Grace of Monaco. She also wore the diamond when she presented the Best Picture Award at the Oscars in 1970. The diamond was covered under a $1 million insurance policy with Lloyd’s of London. According to the policy, Elizabeth was allowed to wear the diamond only 30 days a year. When wearing it in public, she had to be accompanied by armed guards. The stone had to be kept in a vault at all times. Since she could rarely wear the necklace in public, Elizabeth had a replica made, which cost her $2,800 at the time. The Diamond Today Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton divorced twice. After the second divorce, Elizabeth decided to sell the diamond. In 1978, she sold it to Henry Lambert, a jeweler from New York, for a whopping $5 million, which is around $20 million in 2022. Part of the proceeds funded the construction of a hospital in Botswana. In 1979, Lambert sold the diamond to Robert Mouawad. It’s speculated Mouawad sold the diamond to a private collector, but this was never confirmed. Although the diamond’s whereabouts are unknown, I’m confident it will resurface again on the auction market at some point. Famous diamonds such as this always reappear. Beatnik individuals can stand out from the rest because of their personality. Beatnik individuals tend to be highly intuitive, and they are more interested in the abstract meaning of external world due to their sensitive perception. Beatniks also seem to be relatively free from prejudices and conventionalisms, so they are not especially interested in their fellowmen or any other think about them. They have little respect for traditions and established rules, and for the authority related to their activity field, they prefer to trust their judgement. In general, they are more conscious of themselves and more opened to emotion and intuition than others. Among people with a beatnik personality, you can distinguish, broadly, two main groups: artists and scientists. The main characteristics are the same in both, but, in general, artists are more inclined to express their disagreement both in their private life and their professional life. Between beatniks, genius is confused and related, very often, with craziness; in this category, you will find us. Hi - I found this in my Norfolk garden - where the soil is well drained and sandy - I cant say Ive seen anything like it before - it stands 180cms tall. The stem is spikey and exhuding yellow sap - the leaves are 10cm long and fringed with spikes - there is one central stem and 5 peripheral stems (much smaller) growing from the ground level. The many flowers are yellow and tufty. Can anyone help with an identification?? Message was edited by: potatohead Hi ive got a really big garden ive have got gravel , slabs , egg shaped grass .lots of plants and conifors which are growing at last and a water bath for the birds right in the centre of the grass i love my garden. I'm pretty sure your plant is one of the wild lettuces, Lactuca sp. My best guess from the shape of the leaves is Great Lettuce, Lactuca virosa. I can't be absolutley definitive as the character used to be absolutely sure of identification between the species are the ripe seeds... However from your first pic, IMG00038, it looks like this plant is showing signs of fasciation too. In this case the stem has flattened and is producing many more flowers than normal especially at the tip of the inflorescence as can be seen here, although they can cause a myriad of wierd and wonderful shapes. Fasciation is generally a naturally occuring phenomena, this website gives more info on causes. They are quite extraordinary things and utterly fascinating! Narrator: This is Science Today. The Agricultural Sustainability Institute at the University of California, Davis was established a few years ago to promote the vitality of agriculture in the Golden State, for both producers and users. Kate Scow, deputy director of the institute, says the concept is sustainability of the agricultural system. Scow: We do this through integrating programs in research, education, and communication and we're hoping to contribute quite a lot to early action on emerging issues in the state surrounding agricultural sustainability. Narrator: Scow says one of the issues is climate change, and how it's impacting California agriculture, which produces more than half of the nation's fruits, nuts and vegetables. Scow: So, we're looking for possible management tools that farmers can make decisions about, how much nutrients to put on and water and looking at the interactions between these two types of inputs and how best to optimize yields without depleting these resources too much. Narrator: For Science Today, I'm Larissa Branin. 压滤机有很多种,我想告诉你,这是一种板框式压滤机,它的操作和维护是员工的工作,它是一个重要的部分,我们应该知道如何使用和维护好机器。这里有一些知识需要学习,否则会增加维修成本,而其他小零件的维修也是必要的。 需要定期检查容易磨损和泄漏的地方。如发现问题,应及时停机检修,以免造成不良后果。滤布磨损后,会出现以下不良现象。机内真空度不断降低,滤饼含水率越来越高。 离心泵和管道发生磨损泄漏后,早期磨损加剧。有些颗粒会直接进入叶轮和壳体,从而影响机器的正常运转。此外,泵的消耗率也会增加。分配头过早磨损,由于一部分矿物液体进入分配头和分配板,磨损件缩短了零件的使用寿命,降低了工作效率。 它会造成集中资源的损失。压滤机管路不允许漏气和接触不良,可能降低真空度,增加滤饼含水率,部分矿物质进入基体,造成机械损伤和事故。检查的方法很简单。为自己制定定期检查计划。听压滤机工作时的声音,如果正在刷牙,注意管子的弯曲。 This content is current only at the time of printing. This document was printed on 7 May 2015. A current copy is located at http://apvma.gov.au/node/12586 You are here Maldison Chemical Review Maldison is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide used to control a wide range of agricultural and veterinary insect pests. Maldison is considered to be one of the least toxic of all the organophosphorus compounds but it can contain some toxic impurities. The impurities may be formed during the manufacturing process or when maldison is stored, either for long periods or at high temperatures. The safety, efficacy and environmental impact of agricultural and veterinary products can be significantly affected by these impurities. In 1978, a report of worker poisonings and deaths following the use of maldison indicated that the cause was a toxic degradate, isomalathion. Several subsequent studies have identified other very toxic degradates, such as O,S,S–trimethylphosphorodithioate and O,O,S–trimethylphosphorothioate. استرس می تواند پس از اخراج از شغل، طلاق یا از دست دادن یکی از عزیزان خود را نشان دهد. حتی ازدواج کردن، انتقال به شغل جدید یا بچه دار شدن می تواند باعث استرس شود. بسیاری از مردم به دنبال تعریف استرس به عنوان خوب یا بد هستند، در حالی که در واقعیت این طور نیست. استرس رویدادی است که ما آن را خارج از کنترل خود می دانیم و معمولا خارج از روال روزانه ما رخ می دهد. نحوه واکنش ما، توانایی ما را برای مقابله با این رویداد ها و سایر رویداد های مشابه در آینده شکل می دهد. هنگامی که افراد برای کنار آمدن با موقعیت های استرس زا تلاش می کنند، افسردگی و اضطراب بیشتر می شوند. طبق گزارش سازمان بهداشت جهانی، اختلالات اضطرابی شایع ترین بیماری روانی در ایالات متحده است که سالانه بیش از 40 میلیون بزرگسال (18.1 درصد از جمعیت) را مبتلا می کند. شایع ترین اختلالات اضطرابی شامل ترس یا اضطراب بیش از حد از موارد زیر است: فوبیا های خاص مانند: حیوانات (عنکبوت، گربه، سگ)، محیط طبیعی (ارتفاعات، طوفان، آب)، آسیب تزریق خون (سوزن، روش های تهاجمی پزشکی)، مکان ها (هواپیما، آسانسور، مکان های بسته)، اختلال اضطراب اجتماعی (بودن در کنار افراد دیگر)، اختلال اضطراب فراگیر (نگران چیز های زیادی باشید) برای کسانی که با اختلالات اضطرابی دست و پنجه نرم می کنند معمول است که با افسردگی نیز دست و پنجه نرم کنند یا برعکس. نزدیک به 10 درصد از جمعیت جهان از اضطراب و افسردگی رنج می برند. با این حال، در حالی که اختلالات اضطرابی و افسردگی بسیار قابل درمان هستند، تنها درصد کمی از افراد مبتلا تحت درمان قرار می گیرند. نشانه های فیزیکی اضطراب شدید علائم و نشانه های فیزیکی ممکن است شامل موارد زیر باشد: - خستگی - مشکل خواب - تنش عضلانی یا درد عضلانی - لرزش، احساس انقباض - عصبی بودن یا به راحتی مبهوت شدن - تعریق - حالت تهوع، اسهال یا سندرم روده تحریک پذیر - تحریک پذیری ممکن است مواقعی وجود داشته باشد که نگرانی های شما به طور کامل از بین برود، اما همچنان احساس اضطراب کنید، حتی زمانی که هیچ دلیل آشکاری وجود ندارد . به عنوان مثال، ممکن است احساس نگرانی شدید در مورد امنیت خود یا عزیزان تان داشته باشید یا ممکن است احساس کنید که اتفاق بدی در شرف وقوع است. اضطراب، نگرانی یا علائم جسمی شما باعث ناراحتی قابل توجهی در زمینه های اجتماعی، کاری یا سایر زمینه های زندگی شما می شود. نگرانی ها می توانند از یک نگرانی به نگرانی دیگر تغییر کنند و با گذشت زمان و سن نیز قابل تغییر هستند. علائم اضطراب در خواب چگونه است؟ بین کمبود خواب و اضطراب رابطه وجود دارد. یک خواب خوب شبانه می تواند باعث شود فرد احساس انرژی و تمرکز کند و به او احساس آرامش کلی بدهد. کسانی که در خوابیدن مشکل دارند ممکن است احساس اضطراب کنند. مشکلات خوابیدن، حتی زمانی که در رختخواب دراز کشیده اند و احساس می کنند آماده خواب هستند. بیدار شدن مکرر در طول
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,停止镇压纪念六四活动。 7月份:王丹、魏京生、王若望、王炳章等一百多位民运人士,发表声明,强烈抗议中共镇压中国民主党。 8 月份:中共审判中国民主党成员高洪明、查建国。中国民主党谢万军达到美国,呼吁民运人士团结起来,反对中共一党专政。中国民主党发表对台湾的立场:孙中山建立的中华民国包含大陆和台湾,民主是两岸统一的政治前提,反对中共武力统一,和平、民主、统一,是三个不可分割的原则。 9月份:中国民主党成员谢万军在美国活动,提名王有才、徐文立、秦永敏参加诺贝尔和平奖的竞选。 10月份:中国民主党欧洲工作委员会,召开七国负责人会议,准备抗议江泽民来法国访问。 11月份;香港四五行动委员会,到新华社香港分社门前示威,抗议中共镇压中国民主党。 12 月份:中国民主党发表《新世纪宣言》:要求中共制定新的高于一切党派之上的《宪法》。停止打击法轮功等宗教团体。释放中国民主党成员,释放一切政治犯。改变农民的二等公民的地位。允许成立独立工会,一国两制不适用于台湾,用民主统一中国。 三、中国民主党成立有五个特点: 1、1998年6月25 日,八九民运学生领袖浙江的民运人士王有才掀起的组建中国民主党活动,是八九民运的继续。王丹说“八九民运后,以中国知识分子为主力的中国民主运动陷入低潮。而在 1998年成立了中国民主党,填补了中国没有反对党的空白,对未来中国民主运动起到不可估量的推动作用。九八民运成员60% 是曾经参加过八九民运的学生。”(2001年2月) 浙江的中国民主党公开成立,像星星之火,可以燎原,全国组党活动一发不可收拾。当时,全国先后成立了七个党部,500多名党员,到1999 年底,全国有28个省市设立了党部,有1000多名党员。中国民主党从诞生那天起,就显示出强大的生命力,尽管遭到中共的不断打击,有 30多名中国民主党领袖被判刑,300 多人被逮捕,几乎所有的中国民主党领袖多被抓过。他们随时做好了入狱的准备,前仆后继地投入到组建中国民主党的活动中去,这在中共执政半个世纪当中,是前所没有的。 国外又先后成立了“中国民主党海外筹委会”、“中国民主党欧洲工作委员会”、“中国民主党法国党部”、“中国民主党海外联络办公室”等组织。和国内中国民主党,遥相呼应,里应外合。可以说,没有八九民运时的天安门一代大学生在 1998 年勇敢地站出来,组建中国民主党,就不会有在中共执政半个世纪后的第一次大规模公开的组党活动。中国民主党法国党部负责人吴江说“天安门一代成熟起来,他们推动中国的民主,像王有才先生,是被中共通缉的学生领袖,他在 1998 年非常勇敢地站出来组建中国民主党,这也是在中国舞台上起到了一个重大推动作用。中国民主党的旗帜并没有倒下去,虽然,他们入狱了,但是,中国民主党的社会影响是相当广泛的。所以,天安门一代开始进入中国政治生活,他们将来会接出历史的果实来的。”( 2001年5月) 2、1998年11月9日,中国民主党北京、天津党部宣布成立。显然,他们是对浙江的民运人士成立中国民主党的响应。 徐文立代表20世纪40至50 年代出生的人,他们几乎是随着中华人民共和国一起长大的,经历了文化大革命,又经历了改革开放,通过中西方的对比,认识到中共的腐败落后,改变中国落后面貌,把中国改变成现代化社会的任务,已经历史的落在他们身上了。 王有才代表60至70 年代出生的人,他们随着中共的改革开放一起长大,没有前辈对中共的恐惧。既有中国传统的民主革命精神,又有西方民主思想。他们认为中国走向民主社会,是不可抗拒的历史规律,他们担负着中国现代化的任务,是新世纪的脊梁。 可以说,这次中国民主党的组党活动,之所以方兴未艾,是民主墙一代的民运人士和八九民运一代学生领袖结合在一起的力量。从中国民主党的负责人可以看出来。民主墙时代的民运人士有:徐文立、秦永敏、查建国、高洪明、王泽臣、肖利军、王文江、岳天祥、姚福信、萧云良、朱虞夫、何德普等等。八九民运时代的民运人士有;王有才、王东海、刘世遵、刘贤斌、吴义龙、谢万军、祝正明、唐元隽、佘万宝等等。 3 、中国民主党的成立和发展,一直都受到海外民运的支持和关注。张伯笠说:“我们海外民运,从来没把它和国内民运分开,我觉得他们是一个整体,只是承担的角色不同。国内他们可以直接面对中共,他们做的比较实在,做一件事情得到中共的反映,比如中国民主党注册,就不让你注册,这是开始有反映。在国内国外做的工作,很多是人权方面的工作,这是很重要的,中国人权一直落后于世界一个大潮流,海外民运组织对死难者的抚恤,对国内不同政见者的呼吁,包括对政权的揭发,包括理论上的建设,这都是非常重要的。”( 1999年12月) 4 、中国民主党作为中共的反对党已经事实的存在了,主要借助国际媒体发表自己的主张,它的《新世纪宣言》确实是一篇纲领性文件,更注重实际问题,特别首次提出农民是二等公民问题,这一点很重要,新的民运农民必然是支重要力量,而且,体现了民主党和民众的血肉联系。在修改宪法上也有新的发展,没有提出推翻中共,主张宪法高于一切党派,中国民主化要走和平演变的修宪、立宪道路,认为这是更符合中国国情。在对待台湾问题上,走出了民族主义的误区,没有上中共民族主义的贼船,明确提出一国两制不适合台湾。中国民主党的这些观点是很有远见的,如果认真实行的话,正如中国民主党领袖王泽臣说的“无论中共政府采取什么样的政治高压手段,来消灭中国民主党,都是徒劳的,中国民主党已经在中国大陆深深的扎了根。”( 1999年11月) 5 、中国民主党的发展是与现代化的媒体发展紧密联系的。有了电话、因特网、传真机,中国民主党和海外的民运人士联络更方便了,海内外可以在一起开会讨论问题。例如:王有才、徐文立、秦永敏、高洪明、冷万宝、燕鹏等中国民主党领袖被捕时,中共都收缴了他们的计算机、传真机等通信设备,可以预见,现代化的媒体为中国政治现代化发挥着越来越大的作用。 四、这期间,其它民主组织也不断成立。1998年3 月,湖北武汉的秦永敏成立了“中国人权观察”,主任徐文立,副主任秦永敏,他们被捕后,陈忠和继续担任主任,在各个省市都设有观察员。1998 年9月,“中国发展联合会”在北京成立,负责人彭明,它类似于西方的“绿党”,提出了许多好的经济建设方案。1998年10 月,河南省信阳成立了“反腐败观察”,负责人安军,在各个省市都设有观察员。1998年11 月,甘肃省成立“中国工人观察”,负责人岳天祥,要求保障下岗工人的权益。1999年3 月,深圳成立“中国民权党”。负责人缪西科,要求保护公民权利。1999年4 月,北京成立“中国自由劳动者工会”,负责人高洪明。这些具有现代化社会民主政党雏形的组织团体,和中国民主党一样,都是中共1949 年建国以来没有过的事情,它们几乎都向中共政府申请注册,都遭到镇压。只有“中国发展联合会”在香港注册,但是也遭到镇压。 中共在镇压中国民主党和其它团体的时候,吸取了以前在反右、文化大革命、四五天安门运动、反对资产阶级自由化等运动中,大造舆论的群众运动,反而宣传了反对派的经验教训,现在都是秘密镇压,这样在媒体上切断了民运人士同群众的关系,只有少部份民众从海外媒体得到一些消息,这也是中共成功的镇压的原因的一点。所以,胡平说:“民主政治就是言论自由,言论自由是第一人权,中共对人民的专政,重要一点就是垄断了言论,实际上争取言论自由,就打中了中共怪物致命之处,中共保护控制的最后一道防线,就是言论自由,一旦防线被突破,就会出现一马平川的局面。”( 1999年8月) 1999年7 月,中共宣布法轮功是非法组织,不久又宣布是邪教组织。中共总书记江泽民说:“法轮功既不是政党,也不是宗教团体,是一个非法组织,有海外势力介入法轮功。”( 1999年9 月)中共把反右、文革、四五、六四、中国民主党等都推到自己的对立面,这次又把法轮功推到对立面,这都是巩固中共一党专政的需要。法轮功是宗教团体,是无可否认的事实,它不反对中共,宣扬人要讲究“真、善、忍”,要练功强身。法轮功在国内有两亿信徒,在海外也有大量信徒,它的精神力量是巨大的,远远超过了马列主义。中共几乎动用了所有的宣传机器,批判法轮功,又回到了文化大革命和六四时的恐怖中去了。 中共所以要镇压法轮功,就是江泽民想继续当军委主席,像邓小平一样垂帘听政,抓一个阶级斗争的对立面,找一个政治理由,杀害人民来达到个人独裁的目的。法轮功的精神力量“真、善、忍”填补了马列主义“暴力革命”思想的空缺,中共专制统治需要的个人崇拜,江泽民的个人崇拜难以树立起来,所以要取缔它。江泽民没理辩三分,说法轮功不是政党,也不是宗教团体是一个非法组织,什么叫是一个非法组织?它违背了中共的哪条法律?违背了中共签定的《联合国人权公约》的哪条?中共含糊不清,只有说法轮功 5月份包围中南海违法,却不说中共从1997 年就开始镇压法轮功。法轮功采取非暴力和平请愿有什么错误?中共没有把法轮功镇压下去,反而转化为反对中共的地下组织。尽管中共几乎动用了所有的警察镇压法轮功,抓了几万个法轮功成员,几千名法轮功成员被劳教,几百名法轮功成员被打死,但是,他们的反抗从来没有间断过。这是中共建立以来从来没有过的公开的持久的有组织的大规模的抗议活动。江泽民胆战心惊的说:“法轮功像波兰的团结工会一样的性质,不可忽视,要和法轮功进行长期的斗争。”(1999年11月)这时他又上升到政治组织了,都是中共作茧自缚的结果。这样江泽民的个人崇拜不但没有树立起来,反而落个“和老太太过不去”的骂名。魏京生说:“中共统治日益腐败,人们需要精神和信仰的依托,所以法轮功类似的民间团体迅速扩大是很自然的,是团结人的方式,这种团体可能成为中国很重要的政治力量”( 1999年8月) 1998年7月3 日,美国总统克林顿访华时,评价江泽民时说:“毛泽东取代了国民党,那时他是个很好的力量。邓小平复出后,他也很主张民主的,但后来往往没有一个民主制度,开明的领导,也可能变成不开明的了。”可见,没有民主制度,就没有什么开明专制,就没有什么大救星,这也是中国民运人士几代人努力建立多党民主制度的真缔所在。 张伯笠说:“在八十年代,有少数人提出组党想法,但没成功,而今天九十年代,成立了反对党。中国民主党,已经成了要求改变中国,使中国走上民主,是我们的共识,而到了下一个世纪,组党运动是将来重要趋势。”( 1999年2月)我们认识到,新的民运是在中共专制统治下,各个矛盾激化陷入深刻危机时,资产阶级领导广大民众把中共赶下历史舞台。新的民运领导者,从八九民运的英雄事迹中得到鼓舞,从八九民运失败的教训中取得借鉴,新的民运受到八九民运的深刻影响。民运就是要推翻君主专制,中共政权是君主专制制度的变异。 如果说八九民运的辉煌业绩,激励民主人士投身到反对中共的民运中去,促使民运继续发展,那么,八九民运也深刻影响着民运人士的行动,成为他们联合中共内部改革派打击中共保守派,以和平方式或宫廷政变的方式,打倒中共的因素。而组党活动,就是总结八九民运失败经验教训中的最重要的一点,所产生的最重要的诉求。中国民主党在海内外发展很快,在不断的积蓄民主力量,在海外有“中国民主正义党网站”,有徐文立任主席的“关心中国问题中心”的 CCC网站;现在,中国民主党在中国大陆各个省市都有支部,以及乡村都有自己的党员干部,他们都是最近几年秘密加入中国民主党的,他们要继承八九民运烈士们的遗志,实现烈士们的民主理想,他们在为新一轮民主运动的早日到来时刻准备着! _(博讯自由发稿区发稿) (博讯 boxun.com) 博讯相关报道(最近20条,更多请利用搜索功能): 任诠:朝核六方会谈是民主与专制的较量 从中共的两次政治局会议看中共“逼扁抗美”的真面目/任诠 任诠:秦永敏与“中国人权观察” 从张林入狱看《九评》的威力/任诠 任诠:朱成虎讲话的本质 任诠: 解毒新党主席郁慕明在中国人民大学的讲演 任诠:祝贺国民党大选成功! 任诠:中共继续坚持一党专政 任诠:读袁红冰教授的的《世界不应低估中共杀戮的意愿》 就1989年5月13日邓小平和赵紫阳、杨尚昆的谈话和张良商榷/任诠 任诠:历史惊人的相似——纪念八九民运16周年 四君子事件在八九民运中的作用--纪念八九民运16周年/任诠 八九民运十件大事--纪念八九民运16周年/任诠 任诠:十年磨一剑——纪念张良《中国六四真相》发表四周年 任诠:破解宋楚瑜的制度竞争 任诠:解读连战的历史的潮流 任诠:就“相见恨晚”——和连战先生及国民党商榷 任诠:诠释连战在北京大学讲到的“历史的潮流” 任诠: 评连宋访华 任诠:八九民运的风头是《河殇》 点击这里对此新闻发表看法 即便是现在这个全民卖腐的年代,同性恋仍旧是一个敏感话题,很多人还是很强硬的不能接受。当低调的同性恋者与高调的奥林匹克开始发生化学反应时,奥林匹克的圣火之光是否也能照耀那面鲜艳的彩虹旗(同性恋的标志)? 近日,新闻网站《每日野兽》的记者尼科·海恩斯通过一款美国同志社交应用把三位奥运选手的详细资料公布于众。对此,汤加同志运动员阿米尼·福努阿(Amini Fonua)在Instagram贴了一张露臀照片,表达对该记者无良行为的鄙视。 2016年8月8日,巴西里约热内卢,2016里约奥运会橄榄球现场,美女志愿者向自己的爱人求婚成功,上演七夕浪漫一吻。奥林匹克在古希腊兴起,而古希腊是对同性恋最接纳的社会。那时同性恋不是可耻之事,那时同性可以互相爱慕。图为现场多家媒体为她们留下了这温馨的一幕。 柏拉图曾经说:“一小撮彼此相爱的士兵并肩作战,可以击溃一大群军队。”但到了人类文明大发展的今天,体坛同性恋的接纳依然举步维艰。 据体育论坛OutSports调查结果显示,伦敦奥运会上有23人公开承认自己是同性恋,北京奥运会上只有10人,而本届里约奥运会则有44名同性恋选手参加。这些数字只是公开承认同性恋的运动员人数,据一家同性恋网站调查的结果,2008年北京奥运会云集了来自全世界的10500运动员,这其中约有1000名同性恋,比例达到1/10之多,数量之庞大绝对出乎世人的预料。 其实这也说明更多运动员并不愿公开透露自己的性倾向。除了有个人隐私的考虑外,更多原因是跟他们所处的行业有关——竞技体育是高体能、高强度、高对抗性的身体运动,每个运动员的职业生涯相对于其寿命来说都是比较短暂的。因此在他们从事体育的巅峰时期,很多人都把运动当作生活第一件事(或唯一的事)。 Keten To
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ized. Also, it has to be easily movable, especially when it comes to heavy machinery. Usually, MR devices come with FOV of 95, which makes rotation easier. Every kind of useless content is blocked to enhance the experience. Transforming into 3D Experts say the experiment is the key to understand MR. Because it is new, you will need to figure out contrast, size, distance, and depth. Once you do, making a prototype will be piece of cake. While solving the complex solution for the end user, designers should prefer a very task-based solution approach so that complex structures never get neglected. This way, you can also alter and create approachable content for the end user. Designing is an art and therefore, the profound thought process must be in place so that everybody can use a product to its fullest. With MR, you can make this happen anytime, in real time! PROJE D2 EVİ 2011 BOZCAADA KONUT İç mimari proje ve uygulama kontrolü Rum mahallesinde bulunan taş evin tasarlanmadan önceki kullanımında mekanı bölen merdivenin yeri evin en kör noktasına alınmıştır. Bu sayede, giriş katta açık mutfak ve yemek mekanı ile salon tasarlanarak üst katta iki geniş yatak odası ve bir banyo oluşturulmuştur. "Take a music bath once or twice a week for a few seasons. You will find it is to the soul what a water bath is to the body." - Oliver Wendell Holmes The beauty of music has the power to heal mind, body and soul. Music is often considered the medicine of the mind. This universal language of the mankind not only bridges borders made by human beings, but also has a profound effect on human psyche and body. The power of music that can cure the heart and mind is now being used in certain healing therapies as well. This had led to the birth of the term ‘Music Therapy’. The interpersonal process in which music and all its facets are used by the therapists, to help their patients in improving or maintaining their health, is termed Music Therapy. What Is Music Therapy Music Therapy is a branch of psychology wherein its mental, physical, emotional, social, aesthetic and spiritual, all the aspects are, individually or combined, to address people’s needs. The needs of the client or the patient can be addressed either through the direct use of music or through the relationships that develop between the client and the therapist. Music therapy can be used with individuals of all ages, to help the body fight various diseases and conditions. Music therapy is considered as one of the expressive therapies which entails the use of creative arts as a form of therapy. Turco-Persian psychologist and music theorist Al-Farabi discussed the therapeutic effects of music on the soul, as early as, the 9th century in his treatise "Meanings of the Intellect". In India, music therapist Rajasree Mukherjee has used Indian classical music as an integral part of meditation techniques. The usage of music to heal is gradually gaining momentum and becoming a growing field of health care. How Music Therapy Works Brain waves respond to different kinds of music in different ways. Strong beats stimulate the brain waves, while a slow tempo promotes a meditative and soothing state of mind. Music therapy can also counteract the damaging effects of chronic stress by altering the breathing and heart rate. Music helps keep anxiety and depression at bay by bringing more positive state of mind. Listening to music can enormously increase optimism and control pessimistic aspects, like worry, bias and anger. Controlling emotions, lowering blood pressure and restoring the functioning of the liver are some of the benefits that music therapy boasts of. As music affects the body and mind in many powerful ways, it is being used to help cancer patients and even children with ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder). Music Therapy can also be designed to: - Promote wellness - Manage stress and pain - Ward off depression - Alleviate pain - To calm patients - Enhance memory - Improve communication - Promote physical rehabilitation - Ease muscle tension In this fast paced and rapidly changing world, the importance of music therapy is also on the increase. Public awareness about this therapy is necessary on a much wider scale, so that people enjoy increased access to quality music therapy services. Some commonly found areas where music therapy is majorly being used include developmental works with individuals with special needs and songwriting and listening in reminiscence/orientation work with the elderly. It is also used for physical rehabilitation in stroke victims by relaxation and brainwave synchronization. به گفته رئیس دولت، توان رزمی ارتش و ناوگان روسیه توسط سیستم های لیزری رزمی تعیین خواهد شد. پوتین در عین حال یادآور شد که چنین مجتمع هایی قبلاً ایجاد شده است. ما در مورد مجموعه لیزری رزمی روسی "Peresvet" صحبت می کنیم که قبلاً در نیروهای مسلح روسیه وظیفه رزمی آزمایشی را انجام داده است. مجتمع های مشابه در چین و ایالات متحده آمریکا در حال توسعه هستند. بنابراین، در ایالات متحده آمریکا، آزمایشهایی بر روی یک ماژول لیزری مبتنی بر کشتی انجام شد. رئیس جمهور ضمن برگزاری نشستی در سوچی درباره مسائل دفاعی و امنیتی، خاطرنشان کرد: در گذشته نه چندان دور در فیلمهای علمی تخیلی درباره سلاحهای لیزری بحث میشد و اکنون روسیه در حال بررسی روند ساخت این سلاحها با استفاده از پایگاه عناصر داخلی از جمله الکترواپتیکال است. رئیس جمهور تاکید کرد که ما در مورد لیزرهای رزمی تاکتیکی صحبت می کنیم. پیش از این گزارش شده بود که اول از همه، پتانسیل رزمی آنها به عنوان بخشی جدایی ناپذیر از سیستم دفاع هوایی و موشکی روسیه محسوب می شود. پوتین از حاضران در جلسه دعوت کرد تا اولین نتایج عملیات نه تنها لیزر "Peresvet"، بلکه همچنین سیستم موشکی مافوق صوت "Dagger" را جمع بندی کنند. AMI of CNY The Autism and Mental Health Initiative of Central New York is a collaborative effort between families, individuals, and family-focused agencies to raise awareness of the mental health needs of autistic people and create access to appropriate mental health care resources. Autistic Mental Health Autism is not a mental illness. Autistic people can and do experience mental illnesses. People with related developmental disabilities can also experience mental illnesses. The lack of understanding of the mental health needs of this population leads to a breakdown in support and service delivery. The lives and the mental health of autistic people and their families matter enough to provide the right services and supports. What We Do Increased communication and coordination between state agencies, health care providers, mental health care providers, social services, schools, and nonprofit agencies can provide better care and support to families and individuals. We’re working to make those connections across agencies and providers that will benefit families and individuals in need of services and support. Families and individuals are encouraged to join our AMI CNY Facebook group for support and information. The group is for parents, caregivers, autistic individuals, and professionals who want to drive change in the Syracuse/CNY area for child psychiatry and mental health services. What You Can Do Use and follow our hashtags on social media to raise awareness and show support for appropriate mental health care resources for everyone in our community. Sign up to receive our newsletter. It’s quick and easy. NAIRU: A vacuous concept that carries the whole edifice of the budget The funny concept, the NAIRU, features in the budget papers with quite a role, certainly a major supporting role if not the star role. Many of the assumptions in the budget papers reflect the role of an unobservable and mythical NAIRU. So, what is the NAIRU and how does it influence things? The NAIRU stands for the “Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment”. The government believes that if unemployment is below 4.25% there will be “higher wage and price growth” and above that there will be “lower wage and price growth”. The budget papers make it clear the government uses the NAIRU in its forecasts for the economy generally and such things as inflation in particular. The problem the government has is that estimates of the NAIRU are subject to a lot of error and indeed, there are doubts about the very legitimacy of the concept. We discuss those in detail. Figure 1 allows us to appreciate the importance of the assumptions about the size of the NAIRU by comparing the two projections for consumer prices under three scenarios. This graph is copied from Budget Paper No 1. The scenario showing the highest trend assumes a NAIRU at 4.75%. The bottom assumes it is 3.75% while the middle is the budget assumption of 4.25%. From Figure 1 it can be appreciated that there is a 0.8% difference in inflation between the top and bottom scenarios. So, if the budget assumption is wrong and the “true” NAIRU is 4.75%, then inflation will be 0.4% higher than if the budget assumption is correct. Putting that differently, lower unemployment by 1% raises inflation by 0.8% suggesting quite a steep relationship between inflation and unemployment. Modern experience and research shows that the relationship is more likely to be flat meaning that the lower unemployment has virtually no impact on the rate of inflation. The implications for inflation are also spelt out for wage increases. However, in this case the impact is supposed to be even stronger; a 1% movement of the unemployment rate below the NAIRU is supposed to be associated with a 1.5% increase in wages. That is an extraordinarily high impact on wages for a modest change in the unemployment rate. So, we would suggest the government is in error in believing in concepts such as the NAIRU and, further, in using that concept to believe there is a strong relationship between unemployment and both inflation and wage increases. That is a very large burden to put on a very flimsy concept such as the NAIRU. Tanya Martin Office Manager Jake Wishart Senior Media Adviser Scapus: In some taxa the column is externally divisible into regions. The Scapus is the longer, thick-walled proximal section of column. The principal and longest zone of the column, or scapus, may be provided with tenaculi or tubercles. Above the scapus, distally, there is either a thick-walled scapulus or a thin-walled capitulum. In certain cases both regions are present, the capitulum above the scapulus. Only in Athenaria, the most proximal zone is called a physa but this is an ampullaccous extremity. The distinction of a scapus can only occur in those anemones externally divisible into such regions (Carlgren, 1949; p. 10). Image of a Scapus: (species names are linked to the Hexacorallian database) Species: Edwardsia pudica Caption: 4. *Edwardsia rakaiyæ*, n. sp. The animal has burst owing to excessive contraction in spirit, and the inner wall of the introverted part of the scapus is exposed in the upper part of the figure. The house occupies an elevated position above the River Earn on the well wooded Dupplin estate. The terrace by William Burn survives on the south and east sides of the house and is laid out with formal rose beds. Steps lead down from the terrace to the Den Garden which is laid out with Rhododendrons and Azaleas and includes yews and Japanese maples. To the south beyond the Den Garden is a formal avenue of Lawson's cypress. The main area of parkland known as Lawn Park lies on rising ground to the north-east of the house. It contains a good mix of deciduous species and some specimen conifers. The earliest recorded owner of Dupplin Castle is Sir William Oliphant who lived at the end of the 13th century. This castle was destroyed in 1461 but rebuilt shortly after. A later Dupplin Castle, designed by William Burn and built between 1828 and 1832, was destroyed by fire in 1934. It was replaced in 1969 by the new two-storey, H-plan Dupplin House designed by Schomberg Scott. Detailed DescriptionThe following is from the Historic Environment Scotland Gardens and Designed Landscapes Inventory. For the most up-to-date Inventory entry, please visit the Historic Environment Scotland website: Type of Site A large, formal 18th-century landscape overlaid in the 19th and 20th centuries Location and Setting Dupplin is situated south of the A9 south-west of Perth. The B9112 bounds the site to the south and the River Earn lies beyond. The house occupies an elevated position above the River Earn on the well wooded Dupplin estate. There are views south over the Earn Valley to the Ochil Hills. The landscape shown on General Roy's Military Survey c.1750 was expanded considerably by the time of the 1st edition OS, 1859. The present landscape boundaries have remained generally consistent since that date. Dupplin Castle, designed by William Burn and built between 1828 and 1832, was destroyed by fire in 1934. It was replaced in 1969 by the new two-storey, H-plan Dupplin House designed by Schomberg Scott. The Garden Terrace, by William Burn, lies on the south side of the house and has stone balustrading. A stone coat of arms has been set into the base of the terrace wall, possibly from the former William Burn castle. A multi-face Sundial on the terrace may be 17th-century. The single-storey North Lodge and Gates are Gothic c.1820. The L-plan Tudoresque East Lodge and elaborate wrought-iron Gates are by James Miller c.1930. The single-storey South Lodge, c.1830 is L-plan with Gothic detailing. To the north-east of the house lie the Stables, comprising an open stone-built single-storey courtyard, c.1820 with pyramidal roofed end pavilions. The Dairy Block is stylistically similar to the Stables and was designed by William Burn in 1831. The Walled Garden to the south-east of the house is marked on the 1796 Estate Plan as the 'New Garden' and may date from that time. The walls are rubble-built and lined with brick. There are brick cross walls and several surviving old glass-houses. Square stone piers with finials flank the garden entrance. A Stone Cross in Octagon Wood is worn and difficult to date. There is a rubble-built ha-ha which runs around the field to the southeast of the house. Drives and Approaches The picturesquely curving main approach to Dupplin is from the south, partly cutting across the 18th-century double lime avenue. The drive curves up the steep hillside towards the house and swings around the west side of the house to the north front. In the 19th century an east approach was made using one of the central rides of The Octagon. The 18th-century north avenue is still extant but was extended in the 19th century into an avenue of white firs (Abies alba). A secondary drive enters from the north-east corner of the estate, following the eastern perimeter then turning to link with the east drive. A lesser drive via Whittock Lodge on the west side of the estate approaches the house via the beech avenue. The main area of parkland known as Lawn Park lies on rising ground to the north-east of the house. It contains a good mix of deciduous species and some specimen conifers. Of particular note are the mature oaks and sycamores. The parkland to the west of the house is more agricultural in character with very few specimen trees. The beech roundel and avenue is an important feature of the Dupplin Castle designed landscape. The avenue runs southeast of the house, terminating in a very large roundel which is open in the centre. This roundel was formerly beech but has recently been replanted with oak trees. There are large woodland blocks throughout the Dupplin policies. To the east of the house is part of the planted feature referred to as The Octagon, a 'wilderness' of mixed woodland containing sweet chestnuts and 19th-century specimen conifers. The area north of Lawn Park is mixed deciduous woodland and beyond this is a conifer
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ichi Sensei gained a good job on an American oil tanker, his work took him overseas. Morio Higaonna decided it was time to broaden his own horizons and he moved to Tokyo to study at Takushoku University. As time went by Morio Higaonna was invited to teach Goju-ryu at a small dojo in the Yoyogi district of Tokyo. His reputation as an exceptional martial artist grew fast and many Japanese people and foreign visitors were seeking out his instruction. A famous martial arts historian who had visited dojo’s all over mainland Japan made the comment that there was no one in Japan like Morio Higaonna and that he was ‘the most dangerous man in Japan in a real fight’. By 1979 Morio Higaonna had a worldwide following. With the blessing of Anichi Miyagi Sensei and other senior students and family members of Goju-ryu founder Chojun Miyagi Sensei, he formed the International Okinawan Goju-ryu Karate-do Federation (IOGKF) in 1979 in Poole, England. Morio Higaonna was appointed World Chief Instructor and both Anichi Miyagi Sensei and Shuichi Aragaki Sensei were part of the advisory team overseeing IOGKF. Morio Higaonna continued to travel the world, teaching large seminars everywhere he went. As the IOGKF grew larger and Goju-ryu Karate became more popular and spread across the world, the dream of Chojun Miyagi Sensei had been fulfilled. International demand for the teachings of Morio Higaonna grew also and he was teaching in up to 15 countries per year. He moved to San Marcos in the United States of America and set up the then IOGKF Honbu Dojo in the same area in 1987. He remained in the United States until 1995, when a move back to Japan brought with it the opening of the Ryubukan Dojo in Tokyo. Two years later, in 1997, IOGKF International became a recognized part of the Nihon Kobudo Kyokai (Japan Traditional Martial arts association). This membership placed official recognition by association that Goju-ryu, as taught by IOGKF International, was a true traditional martial art. Anichi Miyagi Sensei sadly passed away in September 2009. However before his death, he presented Morio Higaonna Sensei with his own personal Black Belt, his 10th Dan Certificate and another certificate recognising him as the heir to the Goju-ryu in the direct line to Chojun Miyagi Sensei. Shuichi Aragaki Sensei also signed this certificate. May 2013 saw further recognition of the Goju-ryu Masters life’s work, when Morio Higaonna Sensei received an award from the Okinawan government listing him as Intangible Cultural treasure. His efforts to share and spread Okinawan culture with the rest of the world had not gone unnoticed. Over the years Higaonna Sensei’s many research trips to China saw him build important relationships with Okinawa’s martial arts ancestors. He conducted research on such trips to capture the origins of Goju-ryu karate which in turn brought about the production of his numerous best-selling books, videos and DVDs. Morio Higaonna Sensei has ensured that the history of karate will always be available for future generations and that its culture will continue to spread across the globe, making him extremely worthy of Okinawa’s highest honour. Today, having set foot in over 70 countries and having provided Karate instruction to millions, Morio Higaonna Sensei resides in Okinawa, not far from the home of Goju-ryu founder Chojun Miyagi Bushi. Media crews from all the world including the BBC, History Channel, Russian Martial arts Channels, Japan NHK, and other documentary teams still regularly travel to Higaonna Dojo to try and capture the essence of Higaonna Sensei’s inspiring lifetimes work and to share it with the world. Every fourth year however, Higaonna Sensei hosts the World Budosai, a martial arts festival that brings the world to him. Over one thousand people attend each Budosai and experience the true roots of Goju-ryu karate from its highest master. Morio Higaonna -> Tetsuji Nakamura Tetsuji Nakamura was born on April 3rd, 1965 in Osaka, Japan. His first encounter with martial arts was at the age of 12 years old and by the time he was 15 he was practicing karate at a local club. He earned a 2nd Dan in judo through his training and when he arrived at Kagawa University for his studies he joined the karate club there also. During a university break, he told the club instructor that he was going to take a vacation with some friends to Okinawa. Delighted to hear this, the club instructor insisted that Tetsuji Nakamura call his own sensei while he was there to show his respect. Upon arriving in Okinawa, when Tetsuji Nakamura picked up the phone he had no idea he was about to call Shuichi Aragaki Sensei (student of Chojun Miyagi Sensei and an IOGKF advisor). Aragaki Sensei invited Tetsuji Nakamura to his house for dinner and relayed to him many stories about Chojun Miyagi Sensei and his own experiences in karate. These stories stayed firmly in the mind of Tetsuji Nakamura once he returned to university on the mainland. He decided he needed to know more about this style of karate and returned to Okinawa to meet with Aragaki Sensei again, who insisted they train together. Aragaki Sensei’s power and precision scared the young Tetsuji Nakamura and upon graduating university with a degree in law and politics he decided he must once again return to Okinawa. He arrived at Aragaki Sensei’s house, where he was informed Aragaki Sensei did not have the time to instruct him. Instead Tetsuji Nakamura was taken to the Higaonna Karate Dojo in the Makishi district, near Tsuboya, in Naha. Here Aragaki Sensei showed him how to perform all the supplementary training of Goju-ryu and told him to do so every day. Tetsuji Nakamura obeyed and as days turned to weeks and weeks turned to months he began to wonder if Aragaki Sensei would ever return. Six months later, Aragaki Sensei arrived at the dojo and determined that Tetsuji Nakamura’s loyalty and efforts were worthy of the best Goju-ryu instruction. In 1991 Tetsuji Nakamura won the IOGKF World Championships and Morio Higaonna Sensei saw the dedication and potential in the young man and asked Tetsuji Nakamura to accompany him back to San Marcos in America, where he was then based. He quickly became Higaonna Sensei’s top student, training at home with him daily in his private garage dojo and then every afternoon and evening at the then IOGKF Honbu Dojo. He also became an assistant instructor at the dojo and an assistant administrator in the IOGKF Head office. Tetsuji Nakamura also featured in the famous Goju-ryu film ‘Power Training’ as Higaonna Sensei’s partner. When Higaonna Sensei decided to move back to Japan and set up a base in Tokyo, Tetsuji Nakamura followed him and remained in the capital with his sensei for three years. He moved to Canada in 1997, married his wife Rania in 2000 and they had their first child in 2002, the same year he took over as Administrative Director for IOGKF International. His family moved back to Okinawa for another twelve month so he could undertake this new role. Tetsuji Nakamura moved back to Canada following this and established Shudokan, the current IOGKF International Honbu Dojo. In 2012 at the IOGKF World Budosai, Higaonna Sensei decided to retire from his role of World Chief Instructor in IOGKF to take Anichi Sensei’s old position as Supreme Master and appointed Sensei Tetsuji Nakamura as his replacement. In 2022 at the age of 84, Higaonna Sensei stepped down from his role as Supreme Master and from IOGKF. Tetsuji Nakamura -> Today IOGKF International has over 75,000 members in over 60 different countries. Tetsuji Nakamura Sensei leads the Federation and protects the cultural treasure that is Okinawan Goju-ryu Karate-do with the goal of passing it to future generations. Anyone can learn the true art of Chojun Miyagi and those before him through the legacy handed down to Tetsuji Nakamura Sensei. Okinawan Goju-ryu is alive today and stronger than ever thanks to the sacrifices, effort and commitment of all the masters of IOGKF’s lineage. The goal of training remains the same as it did in the days of the founder, to develop people of strong character, morals and discipline to create a better society for all of us. To find an IOGKF dojo near you, visit our member country page! Kategori : 60 yaş ve üstü insanlar, COVID-19 için bir risk grubu olarak kabul edilir. Bağışıklık sistemi yaşla birlikte zayıflar ve aşılar artık işe yaramaz. İlaç şirketi AstraZeneca şimdi deneysel COVID-19 aşısının olduğunu duyurdu Meta-analiz ile sistematik bir inceleme, neoadjuvan tedavinin, lokal olarak ilerlemiş kolorektal kanser için umut verici bir terapötik yaklaşım olduğunu göstermektedir. Patolojik yanıt açısından standart tedaviden üstündür. Popüler Mesajlar 3 Mart 2021'de korona salgınıyla ilgili federal eyalet konferansında odak noktası bir açılış stratejisi geliştirmekti. Ortaya çıkan kararda, özellikle artan aşı miktarı ve hızlı ve Aktif bileşen Modafinil, etiket dışı alanda giderek daha fazla kullanılmaktadır. Psikostimülan obezite, depresyon ve yorgunluk için kullanılır. Editörün Seçimi 2022 Avrupa İlaç Ajansı (EMA), spinal musküler atrofinin (SMA) tedavisi için henüz onaylanmış bir ilaç bulunmadığından, hızlandırılmış prosedürü kullanarak Spinraza'nın onayını önermektedir..... 36 yaşındaki Neneth Lyon zamanını genelde evde çocuklarıyla ilgilenerek geçiriyor. Ama bir hayali vardı. Hayatı boyunca şarkı söyledi ve bir gün mutlaka sahneye çıkmak istiyordu. Sonunca cesaretini topladı ve X Faktör İngiltere’ye başvurdu. Barbara Streisand’ın “Somewhere” adlı parçasını seslendirmeyi tercih etti. Çünkü babasının en sevdiği şarkıydı. Bir dakika geçtikten sonra Neneth rahatladı, üzerinden gerginliğini attı ve kalbiyle şarkı söyleyerek performansının doruklarına çıktı. Şarkı bittiğinde jürinin kendisini ayakta alkışladığını görünce, gözyaşları yanaklarına doğru süzülmeye başladı. Eğer cesur annenin performansından siz de etkilendiyseniz, arkadaşlarınızla paylaşmayı ihmal etmeyin. Bu makaleyi Newsner yayınladı, beğen:<iframe 功能:发射架等部分装备已抵达韩国据悉... 使用说明:Facebook的营收及运营利润对比 软件介绍:民众挥舞标语牌 我们反正活不了几年了. 既可悲又可耻 他们的平均年龄为26.5岁 暂时禁止朝鲜境内马来西亚公民离境纳吉布此后发表声明... 之后送往百货店等地进行销售... 主要功能:2011年索马里境内饥荒 软件名称:去年第四季度... 一些直播平台已经在主动建立自律制度 是XX你就坚持60秒 Snap股票在交易开始后的半个小时内已经换手了超过1亿股 很多国内就可以做好的科学家跑到国外 瞄准新加坡 只是盲目听从政府和媒体声音 ;一·二六”“ 就是尽量满足各种消费需求——全国人大代表 NIETZSCHE: A PRECURSOR TO HITLER? I recently took a college course in the history of philosophy. The instructor, who happens to be an extremely intelligent woman, was going to examine Foucault. I was eager to study Foucault and seized the opportunity. His Marxist proclivities aside, Foucault s views concerning the carceral system were certainly of merit and valuable to my research. Yet, there was another philosopher on the menu. In the halls of orthodox academia, his reputation precedes him. His name is Friedrich Nietzsche. I prepared myself for what was guaranteed to be yet another exercise in anti-Christian rhetoric. Enraptured by his vitriolic hatred for Christianity and enshrinement of moral anarchism, academia has consistently defended Friedrich Nietzsche as one of history s misunderstood philosophers. Cribbing from the standard litany of apologetics, many argue that Hitler somehow misrepresented or distorted Nietzsche s ideas. Is this genuinely the case? Of course, during their migration from abstraction to tangible enactment, ideas can become contaminated by any number of factors. To be sure, internal contention amongst adherents, the personal idiosyncrasies of individual analysts, and the manifestly unpredictable nature of reality itself makes an idea s journey towards tangible enactment very problematic. Yet, was Nietzscheism s journey toward tangible enactment so bastardized by Hitler that it was virtually unrecognizable? Was Nazism nothing like what Nietzsche had in the mind? Again, only an examination of the delicate segues between abstraction and tangible enactment can answer this question. In The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, William Shirer recounts Hitler s frequent sojourns to the Nietzsche museum in Weimar (100). Commenting on Hitler s veneration for Nietzsche, Shirer writes: Indeed, the commonalities are numerous. Perhaps the most damning of these was Nietzsche s adoration for the magnificent blonde brute, avidly rampant for spoil and victory (Shirer 100). While Nietzsche also referred to the masters (i.e., noble men, rulers, etc.) as blond beasts, this blond brute was something different. He was Nietzsche s superman, the bermensch (Shirer 100). Of course, many apologists for Nietzsche argue that the criterion for defining the bermensch was neither racial nor hereditary. However, Nietzsche frequently espoused eugenical concepts, suggesting that he did invest significant value in race and hereditary. For instance, consider the following social mandate set forth by Nietzsche: Automatically, the astute reader will recognize the traditional themes of eugenics: Malthusian demands for the prohibition of procreation amongst certain populations and mandates for compulsory sterilization. Nietzsche s tirade is also replete with contradictions. He asserts that eugenical regimentation should be implemented with no regard for rank, descent, or intellect. Simultaneously, he insists that there is an unhealthy population that must at all costs be eliminated. Why must this population be eugenically expunged? Does Nietzsche fear that such dysgenics would interbreed with those of healthier stock? Remember, Nietzsche s remarks are made in conjunction with procreation, inferring that he believes in some connection between hereditary and the unhealthy. Moreover, Nietzsche s bestowal of primacy upon the social whole betrays his collectivist proclivities. Hitler shared such propensities, as is evidenced by his virtual deification of the collective in Mein Kampf: "The sacrifice of personal existence is necessary to secure the preservation of the species" (no pagination). Sans the racialist emphasis of this statement, these words sound distinctly reminiscent of Marx s characteristic collectivism. This is no coincidence. In 1933, the Fuehrer candidly admitted to Hermann Rauschning: the whole of National Socialism is based on Marx (Martin 239). The appellation of "communism" comes from the Latin root communis, which means "group" living. Fascism is a derivation of the Italian word fascio, which is translated as "bundle" or "group." Both fascism and communism are forms of coercive group living, or more succinctly, collectivism. The only substantial difference between the two is fascism's limited observance of private property rights, which is ostensible at best given its susceptibility to rigid government regulation. Nazism (a variant of fascism) is derivative of Marxism. The historical conflicts between communism and fascism were merely feuds between two socialist totalitarian camps, not two dichotomously related forces. Both tangibly represent the Nietzschean concept of the human herd, a societal paradigm that subordinates the individual to the collective. Nietzschean philosophy comprises an ideational continuum binding Hitler, Marx, and other socialist totalitarians. It is, indeed, paradox
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ikkat etmeniz önemlidir. Böylece koltuk geçirme işlemi daha kolay ve güvenli olacaktır. Ekipman kiralama ve profesyonel destek Koltuk geçirme işlemi dar kapılarda oldukça zor olabilir. Bu nedenle, ekipman kiralama ve profesyonel destek almak büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Ekipman kiralama, doğru araçları temin etmek için en iyi yoldur. Örneğin, koltuk sürgüleri veya taşıma kolları gibi özel ekipmanlar, koltukları kolayca taşımanıza yardımcı olabilir. Ayrıca, koltukları dar kapılardan geçirmek için profesyonel yardım almak da akıllıca bir seçenektir. Deneyimli bir profesyonel, doğru teknikler ve yöntemlerle koltuk geçirme işlemini hızlı ve sorunsuz bir şekilde gerçekleştirebilir. Ekipman kiralama ve profesyonel destek, dar kapıların sınırlamalarını aşmanıza yardımcı olacak en iyi çözümlerdir. پرداخت فوق العاده ویژه معلمان با حقوق شهریور به گزارش تفطن، مشکل برقراری فوق العاده ویژه با میانگین 21 تا 27 درصدی معلمان که بنا بود طبق اعلام رئیس سازمان برنامه و بودجه و مسئولان وزارت آموزش و پرورش در جلسه دولت مطرح و پس از اخذ مجوز های لازم پرداخت شود، حل شد. به گزارش ایسنا، پس از آنکه صدور احکام تازه حقوقی فرهنگیان همراه با اعمال فوق العاده ویژه به مردادماه نرسید و اعتراضاتی را برانگیخت، پیشتر میرکاظمی رئیس سازمان برنامه و بودجه در گفت وگوی ویژه خبری گفت که این نوع همسان سازی حقوق معلمان خلاف قانون بوده و 1800 میلیارد کسری بودجه آوردیم. در آموزش و پرورش با مجوزی رو به رو هستیم که مغایر با قوانین بود لذا جلسه گذاشتیم تا راهکار پیدا کنیم و گفته شد که پرداخت صورت می گیرد، اما سه روز طول می کشد تا احکام اصلاح و مطابق با قانون شود، برای اینکه در این راستا دچار مشکل نشویم، فایل های ماه های قبل را آماده داشتند و بلافاصله فایل های ماه های قبل را پرداخت کردیم تا فاصله ایجاد نشود، ولی باید آن را در دولت ببریم. طبق تاکید وی اگر قرار است تغییراتی اتفاق بیفتد باید منبع برای آن در نظر گرفته شود. از وزیر محترم آموزش و پرورش قبلی درخواست کردیم تا احکام را اصلاح کند که گفتند طول می کشد. این موضوع به سرعت در جلسه دولت مطرح شد و پایگاه اطلاع رسانی دولت از تشکیل جلسه ای با حضور معاونین وزارت آموزش و پرورش، دیوان محاسبات کل کشور و سازمان برنامه و بودجه در خصوص پرداخت فوق العاده ویژه معلمان خبر داد. بر این اساس، مبنای برقراری این فوق العاده ویژه بند 10 ماده 68 قانون مدیریت خدمات کشوری، با رعایت مصوبه شماره 138091/ت 5000 هه مورخ 15 اسفند 93، هیأت وزیران برای مشمولین طرح طبقه بندی مشاغل معلمان کشور با میانگین 21 و تا سقف 27 درصد، براساس بند الف تبصره 12 قانون کل کشور است که مقرر شد پس از رفع مغایرت احکام صادره، افزایش فوق العاده ویژه مشمولین مفاد مصوبه یاد شده، در شهریور ماه سال 1400 اعمال شود. همچنین مابه التفاوت حقوق فروردین لغایت مرداد 1400 هم، همزمان با حقوق و مزایای شهریور ماه پرداخت خواهد شد.منبع: فرارو 421 Years of Black Women Using Their Words This book list is derived from the African American Women Using Our Words Timeline I developed for I AM WOMAN: Expressions of Black Womanhood in America. As with most creative projects, I had no idea where the timeline would lead. This is by no means a full list of creative works or published/recorded documents by Black Women in America. More accurately, it’s a highlight reel of some of the historical works in the public domain. Some of the women were/are prolific writers and have multiple publications which are not listed within my timeline. Begin With A Seed The I AM WOMAN Project began with the idea that resistance and speaking up for ourselves are not a new concepts for Black Women. Lo and behold, a bit of digging reveals Black Women have been speaking, shouting, fighting, and resisting being controlled and abused since before our words were written down. Discover a Forest The Timeline in I AM WOMAN: Expressions of Black Womanhood in America includes 421 years of documented words by African descended Women in the United States of America proclaiming who they are and telling their stories in their own words. The Book List spans 421 years of Black Women in America advocating for themselves, their families, their communities and their people while exhibiting an impressive breadth of accomplishments throughout the centuries. Black Women in America have a long and truly empowering history. Our truth cannot be hidden forever. Neither will freedom elude us forever. We are our most loyal encouragers. We are our own best defenders. Black Women have always been their own most worthy heroes. Everything before 1924 is public domain and can be downloaded for free. May the readings liberate your mind, heart and soul. May your vision and understanding be infinitely expanded. Asè. Book List, 1600-2021 |1600||Isabel de Olvera||Affidavit| |1746||Lucy Terry Prince||Bars Fight, August 28, 1746| |1773||Phillis Wheatley||Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral| |1849||Jarena Lee||Religious Experience and Journal of Mrs. Jarena Lee| |1854||Francis Ellen Watkins Harper||Poems on Miscellaneous Subjects| |1850||Sojourner Truth||The Narrative of Sojourner Truth| |1859||Harriet Wilson||Our Nig; or Sketches from the Life of a Free Black, In A Two-Story White House, North| |1861||Harriet Jacobs (aka Linda Brent)||Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl| |1863||Old Elizabeth||Memoir of Old Elizabeth a Coloured Woman| |1863||Susie King Taylor||Reminiscences of My Life in Camp| |1865||Charlotte Louise Bridges Forten||Life on the Sea Islands| |1868||Elizabeth Keckley||Behind the Scenes; or, Thirty Years a Slave and Four Years in the White House| |1890||Octavia R. Albert||The House of Bondage| |1891||Lucy Ann Delaney||From the Darkness Cometh the Light; or Struggles for Freedom| |1892||Anna Julia Cooper||A Voice from the South: By a Black Woman of the South| |Ida B. Wells||Southern Horrors: Lynch Law and in All Its Phases| |1893||Amanda Smith||An Autobiography: The Story of the Lord’s Dealings with Mrs. Amanda Smith, the Colored Evangelist: Containing an Account of Her Life Work of Faith, and Her Travels in America, England, Ireland, Scotland, India, and Africa as an Independent Missionary.| |1896||Gertrude Mossell||The Work of the Afro-American Woman| |1898||Kate Drumgoold||A Slave Girl’s Story: Being An Autobiography of Kate Drumgoold| |1926||Hallie Brown||Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction| |1904||Virginia Broughton||Women’s Work, as Gleaned from the Women of the Bible| |1919||NAACP||Thirty Years of Lynching in the United States: 1898-1918| |1942||Margaret Walker||For My People (poem reading)| |1950||Gwendolyn Brooks||Annie Allen| |1953||Katherine Johnson||Determination of Azimuth Angle at Burnout for Placing a Satellite Over a Selected Earth Position.| |1959||Lorraine Hansberry||Raisin in the Sun| |1968||Audre Lorde||The First Cities| |1969||Maya Angelou||I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings| |1970||Shirley Chisholm||Unbossed and Unbought| |1983||Alice Walker||The Color Purple| |1986||Rita Dove||Thomas and Beulah| |2001||Mae Jamison||Find Where the Wind Goes: Moments From My Life| |2001||Condoleezza Rice||Extraordinary, Ordinary People: A Memoir of Family Condoleezza Rice: A Memoir of My Extraordinary, Ordinary Family and Me. |2008||Kamala Harris||Smart on Crime: A Career Prosecutor’s Plan to Make Us Safer| |2009||LaShawnda Jones||My God and Me: Listening, Learning and Growing on My Journey| |2015||Amanda Gorman||The One for Whom Food Is Not Enough| |2018||Stacey Abram||Lead from the Outside: How to Build Your Future and Make Real Change| |2019||Valerie Jarrett||My Voice: My Journey to the West Wing and the Path Forward| |2019||Susan Rice||Tough Love: My Story of the Things Worth Fighting For.| Tinder è un materiale altamente combustibile utilizzato per accendere un incendio con metodi rudimentali. Qualunque sia il materiale, più è sottile e più superficie ha, più facile si accenderà. E si accende con solo un paio di scintille. Potrebbe interessarti anche: Come realizzare un portacellulare fatto in casa ed economico Passaggi da seguire: uno: Questo progetto può essere realizzato con oggetti che probabilmente hai già in casa. Hai bisogno di una scatola di tonno, un apriscatole, cotone, un chiodo o un punteruolo. Due: Aprire la scatoletta di tonno e pulirla . Assicurati che sia asciutto e molto pulito. Metti 4-8 batuffoli di cotone all'interno del barattolo. Riposizionare il cappuccio e premerlo in posizione. Quindi capovolgi la lattina e usa un punteruolo per fare un piccolo foro. 3: Cuocere il cotone . L'obiettivo è riscaldare il contenitore a oltre 400°C e ciò può essere fatto in vari modi all'aria aperta. Ad esempio, puoi posizionare la lattina su una griglia o su una fiamma più grande. 4: Entrambi i metodi devono essere all'aperto perché vengono rilasciati gas potenzialmente pericolosi. Quando il contenitore diventa abbastanza caldo, il cotone rilascia gas, inclusi idrogeno e metano. Il cotone viene carbonizzato attraverso un processo chiamato "pirolisi". Ciò significa che il cotone è carbonizzato, ma non bruciato. 5: Puoi vedere che il processo funziona perché vedrai lo sfiato del gas attraverso il foro nella parte superiore della lattina. Questi gas sono infiammabili e possono prendere fuoco . Non preoccuparti se lo fanno perché è normale. 6: La cottura termina quando i gas si fermano e la fiamma si spegne. 7: La cottura oltre il punto in cui la fiamma si spegne può influire negativamente sulle prestazioni dell'esca. Per togliere il contenitore dal fuoco il prima possibile, mettere uno strato di carta stagnola sopra il foro per evitare che altra aria entri nella lattina, e lasciare raffreddare. Utilizzare una protezione per le mani per evitare ustioni. 8: Quando il contenitore si è completamente raffreddato, aprilo e controlla che i batuffoli di cotone siano diventati tutti neri. Se ci sono parti ancora bianche o marroni, significa che non sono state cotte completamente e avranno bisogno di più tempo sul fuoco. 9: Per testare l'esca, avvicina delicatamente una fiamma. Il cotone dovrebbe catturare il calore e formare una piccola scintilla che continuerà a bruciare per molto tempo. 10: Soffiando aria nella scintilla, il calore viene trasferito rapidamente e può inghiottire l'intera sfera. undici: Questo è l'ideale per situazioni di emergenza o sopravvivenza. Se desideri leggere altri articoli simili a Come fare l'esca fatta in casa con il cotone , ti consigliamo di visitare la nostra categoria Arti e mestieri. Tang dynasty painting During the Tang dynasty, as a golden age in Chinese civilization, Chinese painting developed dramatically, both in subject matter and technique. The advancements in technique and style that characterized Tang painting had a lasting influence in the art of other countries, especially in East Asia (Korea, Japan, Vietnam) and central Asia. A considerable amount of literary and documentary information about Tang painting has survived, but very few works, especially of the highest quality. A walled-up cave in the Mogao Caves complex at Dunhuang was discovered by Sir Aurel Stein, which contained a vast haul, mostly of Buddhist writings, but also some banners and paintings, making much the largest group of paintings on silk to survive. These are now in the British Museum and elsewhere. They are not of court quality, but show a variety of styles, including those with influences from further west. As with sculpture, other survivals showing Tang style are in Japan, though the most important, at Nara, was very largely destroyed in a fire in 1949. The rock-cut cave complexes and royal tombs also contain many wall-paintings. Court painting mostly survives in what are certainly or arguably copies from much later, though the front section of the famous portrait of the Emperor Xuanzong's horse Night-Shining White is probably an original by Han Kan of 740-760. The Tang dynasty saw the maturity of the landscape painting tradition known as shanshui (mountain-water) painting, which became the most prestigious type of Chinese painting, especially when practiced by amateur scholar-official or "literati" painters in ink-wash painting. In these landscapes, usually monochromatic and sparse, the purpose was not to reproduce exactly the appearance of nature but rather to grasp an emotion or atmosphere so as to catch the "rhythm" of nature. The long-lasting tradition of the Southern School began in this period. During the early Tang period, the painting style was mainly inherited from the previous Sui dynasty. In this period, the "painting of people" (人物畫) developed greatly. Buddhist painting and "court painting" played a major role, including paintings of the Buddha, monks, nobles etc. Brothers Yan Liben (閻立本) and Yan Lide (閻立德) were among the most prolific painters of this period. Yan Liben was the personal portraitist to the Emperor Taizong, and his most notable works include the Thirteen Emperors Scroll (歷代帝王圖). Mid and Late period The landscape (shan shui) painting technique developed quickly in this period and reached its first maturation. Li Sixun (李思訓) and Li Zhaodao (李昭道) (father and son) were the most famous painters in this domain. During this time painters overcame the basics of depth perception and utilizing the area being painted. This allowed the artists to depict a more realistic appearance to the landscape paintings. The painting of people also reached a climax. The outstanding master in this field is Wu Daozi (吳道子), who is referred to as the "Sage of Painting". Wu's works include God Sending a Son (天王送子圖). Wu created a new technique of drawing named "Drawing of Water Shield" (菜描). Most Tang artists outlined figures with fine black lines and used brilliant color and elaborate detail filling in the outlines. However, Wu Daozi used only black ink and freely painted brushstrokes to create ink paintings that were so exciting that crowds gathered to watch him work. From his time on, ink paintings were no longer thought to be preliminary sketches or outlines to be filled in with color. Instead, they were valued as finished works of art. The great poet Wang Wei (王維) first created the brush and ink painting of shan-shui, literally "mountains and waters" (水墨山水畫). He further combined literature, especially poetry, with painting. The use of line in painting became much more calligraphic than in the early period. The theory of painting also developed, and Buddhism, Taoism, and traditional literature were absorbed and combined into painting. Paintings on architectural structures, such as murals (壁畫), ceiling paintings, cave paintings, and tomb
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、万民痛恨的地步,真是罪有应得。 Dekadan Dekadan, (décadent) 'düşkünleşmiş' anlamına gelen Fransızca bir kelime. 19. yüzyıl sonlarında Fransa 'da natüralistlere karşı ortaya çıkan sembolizm akımına öncülük eden sanatçılara, edebiyatı soysuzlaştırdıkları ima edilerek verilen isim. Akım o zamana kadar gelen edebiyat geleneklerini yıkma yoluna giderek , toplumsal ve sanatsal düzenin dışına çıkmayı planlamıştır. İmgeye karşı aşırı neredeyse hastalık derecesindeki duyarlılığa sahip dekadanlar, daha önce görülmemiş imgeler oluşturarak bu imgeleri karşılayacak sözcükler bulmuşlardır. Türk edebiyatında dekadan ifadesi Ahmet Mithat Efendi tarafından Servet-i Fünun sanatçıları için kullanılmıştır. Felsefede Dekadans[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir] Dekadans(fr. décadence, lat. decadentia; lat. cadere „düşmek“, „batmak“dan)felsefe tarihine ait bir kavramdır ve toplumlarda ve kültürlerdeki çökme, bozulma, dejenere olma anlamında kullanılmıştır. Jean-Jacques Rousseau[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir] Jean-Jacques Rousseau bu terimi kendisinden sonraki felsefeyi etkileyecek şekilde kullanmıştır. Onun kültür eleştirisinde dekadans doğanın ve kültürün karşıtıdır(Rousseau ya göre uygarlık bu bakımdan kötüdür).[1] Bu manada doğrudan duyguyu, kalbin gerçeğini, övmüştür. Uygarlık insanın doğal bir yaşam sürmesine engel olmaktadır. Buna göre insan kendi özüne geri dönmelidir. Ama Rousseau ya göre bu doğal durum tarihe ait, mesela hala varolan ilkel toplumların yaşantısının örnek alınması gerektiği gibi bir iddia değil, dekadansın eleştirisi olarak fikirsel bir konsepttir. Kaynakça[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir] - ^ Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie. Dekadenz, Clt. 2, S. 47 |Edebiyat ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.| |Felsefe ile ilgili bu madde bir taslaktır. Madde içeriğini geliştirerek Vikipedi'ye katkıda bulunabilirsiniz.| |按照传播途径的不同,可以将人类传染病分为四类:呼吸道传染病、消化道传染病、血液传染病和体表传染??;这四类传染病的病原体原始寄生部位、传播途径以及常见病例如图所示:| 可见属于呼吸道传染病的是流行性感冒.疟疾属于血液传染病,肝炎属于消化道传染病,狂犬病属于体表传染?。?br>故?。篋 北京赛车pk10软件 www.runjincore.com 经过对同学们试题原文答题和答案批改分析后,可以看出该题目“下列传染病中,属于呼吸道传染病的是()A.疟疾B.狂犬病C.肝炎D.流..”的主要目的是检查您对于考点“初中传染病”相关知识的理解。有关该知识点的概要说明可查看:“初中传染病”。 A research report draws the wrong conclusion about the death rate at rural, critical access hospitals vs. the death rate at large, urban medical centers. The real story would have been if researchers had found no difference. The headline probably caught your attention: “Why Rural Hospitals May Pose a Greater Risk of Death.” The story was based on a study that found rural “critical access hospitals” had a slightly worse mortality rate than major medical centers. The researchers got the numbers right. But they gave the wrong reasons for the small difference in survival between rural, critical access hospitals and larger regional hospitals. Rural America has over 1,300 critical access hospitals. Such a hospital is mainly a medical hub for its community. It has an emergency room, several kinds of clinics, physical therapy and rehabilitation services. It has 25 beds or fewer but only four beds have acutely ill patients in them on a typical day. There may be a few more patients recuperating. Most such hospitals have no specialized facilities like intensive care. They don’t ordinarily keep patients with life-and-death illness. Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health, writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association, reported that between 2002 and 2010 a gap in survival developed between patients in these critical access hospitals and large medical centers. Specifically, death rates for people with heart attacks, pneumonia or heart failure in large, full-service hospitals have improved while survival chances have gotten a little worse in critical access hospitals. Patients with heart attack, pneumonia or heart failure are 1.8% more likely to die if they are hospitalized in a critical access hospital than in a large, full-service hospital. The Harvard researchers argued that the mortality rate of critical access hospitals was higher because these hospitals aren’t under the same pressure to improve as larger hospitals. Here is their logic: Medicare keeps statistics on deaths at large hospitals for patients being treated for heart attacks, pneumonia or heart failure. But Medicare doesn’t track these death statistics for critical access hospitals. Since they aren’t getting measured, the argument goes, critical access hospitals don’t perform as well. But the Harvard group failed to understand how patients, families, critical access hospitals and regional medical centers interact. Large urban hospitals, the “medical Meccas” have intensive care units and cardiac catheterization laboratories – highly specialized facilities that can be both lifesaving and terrifying. The noise, sleep deprivation and medication very commonly cause patients, particularly sick, old people, to lose their minds temporarily. It must be terrifying. Small, rural hospitals lack intensive care units and cardiac catheterization labs, but they have familiar surroundings and nearness to home and family. They are somewhat less likely to save your life and to make you temporarily crazy. Different people value these factors differently. Medicare’s “standard of care” calls for a patient with a heart attack to get from the door of a hospital to the cardiac catheterization lab within 1.5 hours. If a person shows up at a critical access hospital emergency room with symptoms of a heart attack, the emphasis will be on making the diagnosis and arranging a speedy transfer to the regional medical center with its cardiac catheterization facilities. The patient with the developing heart attack probably won’t be admitted to the critical access hospital at all. That patient will only be kept in the critical access hospital if he or she refuses to be sent to the medical center. This might be because they want to stay near home and family, even if they can’t have the high-tech intervention of the medical center. Perhaps they have already had all the cardiac intervention possible, or for some other personal reason have made the decision to stay in their home community. The same pattern applies in cases of pneumonia, heart failure and all the other life-threatening catastrophes that happen to people. If recovery is likely with basic medical and nursing care in supportive surroundings, the small community hospital is the best and most economical place to be cared for. In a life-and-death situation, for a person who wants the best chance of survival if not comfort, the large, regional hospital is the best bet. On the other hand, if it sounds as if the patient is likely to die even with intensive care, the large medical center is likely to resist taking him and risk getting a bad mark on the hospital’s statistics. What has changed over the past decade is the development of patient movement arrangements among ambulance services, rural hospitals and emergency rooms and regional medical centers. These arrangements should, and usually do, result in patients who can benefit from the high-tech facilities of the regional medical centers getting there quickly. The patients in the small rural hospital with heart attack, heart failure or pneumonia have become a select population. A large proportion has decided that they are through paying all the human costs of the miracles of modern medicine. They have made the decision to stay in familiar surroundings near home and family. The researchers found that 13.3% of the patients at critical access hospitals with one of the three conditions died, compared to 11.4 % of the medical center patients. Given all the terrible tools that modern medical centers have to work with, I’m amazed they only manage a small difference in patient survival over the most basic, little country hospitals in America. The more important issue is to be certain that the wishes and needs of the patients have been thought through carefully and deliberately. This has to be done before the emergency arises. Can Momma or her daughter say with confidence whether she wants to be taken to Saint Metropolous or stay in Localsville? If her hospitalization is guided by that choice, it will reflect “patient centered care” as recommended by the Institute of Medicine. Imagine how the headlines would have read if the research results had shown no difference in survival between the 25-bed critical access hospital and the 600-bed “medical Mecca”: “Billions spent on intensive care units show no survival advantage!” Now that would have been news. Wayne Myers is a retired pediatrician and rural medical educator. He directed the federal Office of Rural Health Policy from 1998 through 2000 and was President of the National Rural Health Association in 2003. He and his wife, JoAnn, farm in rural Maine. Stai cercando un prodotto X da acquistare online. Lo trovi in un ecommerce che non avevi mai visto prima, mai sentito nominare nemmeno da amici e conoscenti. In questo negozio sconosciuto, compri o non compri? Perchè? Cos’è che ti fa decidere di inserire o meno i dati della tua carta di credito su questo negozio? L’affidabilità e la credibilità dell’ecommerce? OK. Risposta quasi esatta. Quasi. BİZE ULAŞIN 21.01.2014 Haberin Devamı 'Gül, yasayı veto edebilir' Halkların Demokratik Partisi, bugün köşke çıktı. Geçtiğimiz hafta Cumhurbaşkanı Abdullah Gül'ün liderler ile görüşme trafiğinde yer almayan HDP, Hakimler ve Savcılar Yüksek Kurulu yasa teklifini görüşmek üzere Gül ile biraraya geldi. Çıkışta gazetecilerin sorularını yanıtlayan heyet üyeleri, Cumhurbaşkanı Gül'ün yasayı veto edebileceğine dair sinyaller aldıklarını öne sürdü. A composting toilet is a special system that takes human wastes and converts it into usable soil and organic compost. This process takes place by naturally breaking down the organic matter into the natural essential minerals. This is done by the micro and macro organisms working through the different stages of oxidation as well as the breakdown of anaerobic pockets. Composting toilets may be central units or self-contained composting toilets. Central unit composting toilets flush the waste material to a remote composting unit located below the toilet, while self-contained composting toilets complete the composting cycle right on the same location. Central units that flush can flush upward or horizontally. The composting cycle can be completed by electricity with fans exhausting air to increase the microbial activity. The use of a rotating drum inside the composting toilet is often used as a way to speed up the aerobic breakdown of the waste. With all the efforts of the world towards helping the environment, commercial compost toilet systems are beginning to compete with the traditional flushing toilets, especially in public facilities that are used frequently. These composting toilets have been found to be not only resilient but also advantageous to the environment because there are no pollutants being discharged. Large businesses that have begun using composting toilets are pleased with the results and state if the bathroom is kept clean with properly working fans, no one can tell the difference between these and conventional flushing toilets. Composting toilets, regardless of what kind they are, all need to have some of the end product removed occasionally. If the composting toilet is a full-size one, it may not need to have the solids removed for many years provided the volume of the tank is at least three times what is put in the toilet in a year. The reason for this is because the liquid decreases in volume over time, for example; only about 2% or less of the original amount is still there after 5 years. After this time, it becomes a mineralized soil and is done decomposing. Smaller composting toilets, however, will need to have the solid waste removed a couple times each year. Composting toilets are, surprisingly enough, becoming used more often in homes because they prefer the odor-free process provided by the efficient compost toilet over the conventional flush toilets which use large amounts of water and, in turn, drain large amounts of sewage. Composting toilets, which are odorless as well as waterless, are preferred in areas known for drought. Homeowners in these situations are able to stay in their homes during drought. They are also recommended in public facilities in areas of limited water supply. Composting toilets are also being tested for certification to ANSI/NSF-41 Standards. "Otuz Üçüncü Sözden başka Söz yazılmak ihtiyacı kalmadı... Her derdin devâsı içinde var demeyeceğim; fakat mühlik dertlerin ağleb devâsı, yazılanlarda vardır." Burada yazmak ihtiyacı kalmayan külliyat mı; her derdin devası külliyatta var denilebilir mi? Değerli Kardeşimiz; "Salisen: Otuz Üçüncü Sözden başka Söz yazılmak ihtiyacı kalmadı. Hem şer'an çok mübarek bu otuz üç adetten, bazı esbaba binaen geçmeyeceğim. Hem de hakaik-i esasiye-i Kur'âniye ve imaniyenin elzem ve lâzım olan kısımları hemen ekseriyet-i mutlaka itibarıyla yazılmıştır." "Ümit ediyorum ki, Cenab-ı Hak kabul etse, tevfik verse, yazılanlar dalâlet bulutlarını dağıtmaya kâfidirler. Her derdin devâsı içinde var demeyeceğim; fakat mühlik dertlerin ağleb devâsı, yazılanlarda vardır. Siz onların mütalâasını, kıymettar bir ibadet olan tefekkür nev'inde telâkki ediniz. Ve onlardaki ilmi, envâr-ı imandan ve mârifetullahtan tasavvur ediniz ki usanç vermesin. Hem sizde ve müstemiînde iştiyak olduğu zaman okuyunuz. Bakî selâm ve dua."(1) “Otuz Üçüncü Söz'den başka Söz yazılmak ihtiyacı kalmadı. Hem şer'an çok mübarek bu otuz üç adetten, bazı esbaba binaen geçmeyeceğim.” Bu ibare açık bir şekilde Külliyat'ın değil, Külliyat'tan Sözler adlı kitabın nihayet bulduğuna işaret ediyor. Malum tesbihlerin otuz üç olması şeriatın bir kaidesidir ki Üstad Hazretleri bu ikinci cümledeki ifadesi ile Sözler adlı kitabının adedinin otuz üç ile sınırlı kalmasını arzuluyor. "Her dert" tabiri külliyetli bir tabir olup bütün dert ve devaları iktiza eden bir önermedir. Halbuki Risale-i Nurlar manevi ilimlerde sadece iman üzerine durmuş; fıkıh, siyer, hadis gibi diğer İslami ilimlere külliyeti ile değinmemiştir. Mesela Risale-i Nur için bütün fıkhi konularda tam bir devadır dememiz mümkün değildir. Bu yüzden Üstad Hazretleri “Her derdin devâsı içinde var demeyeceğim...” tabirini kullanarak, bu önermeyi sınırlandırmıştır. Evet, Risale-i Nurlar imana dair konularda tam bir devadır, başka devalara ihtiyaç bırakmıyor. Ama imanın dışındaki sair ilmi sahaları da diğer alimlerin kitaplarına havale etmektedir. İkisini iyi temyiz etmek gerekir. Bazı mutaassıpların iddia ettiği gibi, "Risale-i Nurlar istisnasız hiçbir kitaba ihtiyaç bırakmıyor." fikri, müfrit ve mesnetsiz bir fikirdir. (1) bk. Barla Lâhikası, (209. Mektup) Selam ve dua ile... Sorularla Risale Editörü ایران آرت: متیو پری چهارشنبه در صفحه اینستاگرامش به پیراهن دیوید بکام با طرح سریال "دوستان" واکنش نشان داد. بازیگر ۵۰ سالهی سریال سلفی بکام به همراه همسرش "ویکتوریا بکام" را به اشتراک گذاشت.
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. They would point out how the bed of a creek was a lot like the surface of Mars. And they would explain how robotic machines are used to explore the solar system. It wasn't long before Krista discovered that she, too, was a scientist. That, in fact, was the message the visitors from NASA had hoped to get across: that we are all scientists. Rocks seemed to fascinate Krista most. She walked around camp with a pocket full of stones. And she often gave people what she called "friendship rocks." These were small limestones with tiny holes worn by erosion. So it was only fitting that one day Krista was on the receiving end of a rock. Jackie Allen, a NASA geologist and educator, gave her a small piece of hematite. Image to right: Krista (right) and Camp Little Cloud counselor Sonya Green work on a solar system activity. Credit: NASA Jackie told Krista that the rock was similar to what they expected to find on Mars. Jackie also told her that in the next 30 years there would likely be a woman on Mars. And that maybe it could be Krista. Since then, Krista has maintained her interest in rocks. In 2003, she completed the "Rocks Rock" Junior Girl Scout badge. She learned from a local geologist how rocks and minerals are formed. And she explored geology careers. Krista wasn't the only one inspired that summer to dream and explore. She and I would stare at Mars, visible just above the roofline of our cabin at dusk. She would talk about her rock "from Mars," and I would talk about being an astronaut. But it wasn't just talk. I decided to follow my dream and applied to be a NASA Educator Astronaut. I ended up not being accepted the program. But Krista says that someday she will go to space for me. Now 11 years old, Krista is a bit more advanced in her vocabulary. Instead of "a rock scientist," she now wants to be "a geologist or the first woman on Mars." Krista probably isn't the only girl with those kinds of dreams. In the past four years, space science education has become a basic part of our camp program. It is as much a part of camp as archery, nature education, and arts and crafts. One of our slogans at camp is "Girls Can Do Anything." That means enabling girls to do math and science, and to have fun being smart. What better way to do that than to learn about the solar system and explore the universe? The author, Debby Stork, is the director of Camp Little Cloud. She is also a science teacher and the proud mother of two Girl Scouts. NASA works with Girl Scout trainers all over the country so that young girls can learn about space science. See previous Space Science Explorers articles: + View site Women in Space + View site The Space Place: Girl Scout Badge Resources + View site Edited by Dan Stillman, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies 时尚广告经常是国际摄影师、造型师、超模打造出来的震撼画面。但一组好广告,除了有顶尖团队,也必须展现设计师对该系列的创作核心。在春夏季已逐渐模糊的今日,有哪些广告是特别吸引Andy的呢? JACQUEMUS 有时候,我们觉得高级品牌和我们距离很遥远,因为很难想像自己可以穿得美如照片中的人。但由David Luraschi掌镜,由设计师Simon Porte Jacquemus亲自负责美术指导的广告,又似乎把我们和时尚的距离拉远了。模特在此犹如一尊雕像,完全被孤立、理想化,仔细看基座更刻上品牌名字。这尝试也被时尚行内人说,是Jacquemus最大胆宣示自己个性的一次。 دانشجویان دانشگاه ایالتی میشیگان (MSU) هستند شکایت از یک استاد که گفته می شود آنها و سایر دانشجویان را مجبور کرده است که هر کدام 99 دلار به سازمان حمایت سیاسی شخصی خود بپردازند. حدود 60000 دلار برای انجمن شورش جمعآوری شد، که برنامهریزی والدین و دیگر اه، لیبرال را تأمین مالی میکند. MSU پیشنهاد بازپرداخت پول را داده است، اما امی ویزنر، استاد بازاریابی در کالج تجارت MSU (که طبق گزارشات دانشگاه آزاد شده است) م،م به بازگرداندن هیچ یک از پول ها نشده است. دانشآموزان ادعا میکنند که ویسنر به یک صفحه فیسبوک مرتبط با «جامعه شورش» پیوند داده است و خاطرنشان کرد: «جامعه شورش مک، امن برای هماهنگ ، تلاشهای ما برای سوزاندن همه چیز به زمین است». واقعیت این است که، حتی در شورشی برای «سوزاندن همه چیز»، ویسنر فضای امنی را برای آتش افروزان خود توصیف کرد). ویزنر ممکن است در آموزش یک درس ماندگار در مورد بازاریابی در ،ب ده ها هزار دلار از دانش آموزان خود موفق شده باشد. در این شکایت ادعا شده است که در حالی که ویسنر به دانش آموزان گفته است که از کمک های اجباری بهره مند نخواهد شد، او در واقع شخصاً از این سود بهره مند شده است. علاوه بر این، آنها ادعا می کنند که او ممکن است مقداری از پول را برای ،ید یک RV استفاده کرده باشد. در شکایت زیر آمده است: «در 16 آگوست 2022، متهم ویسنر یک کمپین «GoFundMe» را برای جمعآوری پول برای یک سفر جادهای RV راهاندازی کرد. [sic] در سراسر ایالات متحده برای ایجاد جوامعی از شورشیان متعهد به انجام کار» و «شعلهور ، اقدامات در سطح محلی». این ا،ام به وضوح حقوق آزادی بیان دانشجوی، را که مخالف کار گروه بودند یا نمی خواستند مجبور به حمایت از یک گروه به ،وان شرط شرکت در ک، MSU باشند، نقض می کرد. شایان ذکر است، این شکایت همچنین از توماس جیچکو، استاد موقت و رئیس امور آکادمیک دانشگاه نام برده است. شکایت در صفحه 4 بیان می کند که “Jeitschko شخصاً سیاست مربوط به اهدای درآمدهای دریافتی از مواد درسی اختصاص داده شده مورد بحث در این دادخواست را تأیید کرد.” جودیت ویپل، رئیس موقت دانشکده بازرگ، نیز در مقام رسمی خود در این دادخواست نام برده شده است. دانشگاه اعلام کرده است که ویزنر دیگر استاد کمک مدرسه نیست. با این حال، هیچ اقدام آشکاری از سوی دانشگاه علیه ،، که بر ویزنر نظارت می،د و به او اجازه میدادند از ک،ی که گفته میشد برای اه، حزبی و خودخواهانه استفاده می،د، وجود ندارد. کمک های مالی مورد نیاز نشان دهنده احساس مجوز برای تبدیل دوره های دانشگاهی به کارگاه های حمایت مستقیم است. به نظر شما این حس مصونیت از مجازات از کجا می آید؟ پیشنهاد این است که ویزنر به صورت خودجوش و یک جانبه ظاهر شد و عمل کرد. بدیهی است که اینطور نیست. شخصی این شخص را استخدام کرد، بر این استاد نظارت کرد و در این ک، امضا کرد. منبع: https://jonathanturley.org/2023/05/23/michigan-state-university-professor-allegedly-required-students-to-contribute-to-her-advocacy-group/ When detected early, breast cancer is treated successfully 98% of the time. Researchers continue to make impressive gains in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. For example, according to the Mayo Clinic, the radical mastectomy, once a standard procedure for women with breast cancer, is now rarely performed. However, breast cancer in seniors remains a very potent disease that will only be eradicated if women follow the recommended schedule and undergo annual mammograms. Recent statistics suggest that women are skipping annual mammograms, the key procedure to screening. The National Cancer Institute estimates that 226,870 women will be diagnosed with and 39,510 women will die of cancer of the breast in 2012. The number of new cases has increased every year for the past thirty years, though death from breast cancer has decreased slightly. Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancerous death after lung cancer. It is also the second most common cancer among women after non-melanoma skin cancer. Like all cancers, breast cancer begins with abnormal cell growth. These "bad" cells develop too quickly and spread, or metastasize, throughout the breast, often entering lymph nodes located under the arm or even moving into other parts of the body. There are several signs of potential breast cancer, including a bloody discharge from or retraction of the nipple; a change in the size or contour of the breast; and a flattening, redness, or pitting of skin over the breast. A lump in the breast remains the most common sign. If a woman detects a lump, she should see her doctor; however, the Mayo Clinic recommends waiting through one menstrual cycle, as breast shape changes throughout the cycle. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in the United States, with more than 180,000 reported cases yearly. Despite recent advances, more than 41,000 women per year die of breast cancer in the United States alone. Other than female gender, age is the most important risk factor for the development of breast cancer. In the United States, women aged 65 years or older represent about 13% of the female population but account for nearly 50% of the newly diagnosed breast cancers. More than 60% of breast cancer deaths occur among women over age 65. Despite the high prevalence of breast cancer among older women and the significant associated morbidity and mortality, researchers have only recently focused on treatment questions in this patient group. Most clinical trials and almost all randomized trials have included few women over age 65. Extrapolation of results of many clinical trials to the geriatric population must be done with caution because of potential differences in tumor biology, host physiology, and problems common among older patients, including comorbidity, impaired functional status, and lack of social support. This chapter examines the epidemiology, natural history, treatment, and care patterns of breast cancer in the elderly. Several primary risk factors are believed to increase the likelihood of breast cancer. However, it's important to keep in mind that most people with one or even several of these risk factors do not get breast cancer. The Mayo Clinic and National Cancer Institute list these primary risk factors: - Chest radiation as a child - Start of menarche before the age of 12 - Adolescent weight gain - No pregnancy or late pregnancy (after 30) - Lengthy use of oral contraceptives - Post-menopausal weight gain - Late menopause (after age of 50) - Increased breast tissue density Excessive exposure to estrogen, the hormone that promotes the appearance of female secondary sex characteristics, appears to be the leading factor in developing breast cancer. Exposure to a combination of estrogen and progesterone for over a four-year period also increases the risk of breast cancer. This is especially significant due to trends in estrogen therapies to stave off premenopausal syndrome and other maladies. The more recent reduction of hormone replacement therapy has perhaps led to the recent slight decline in breast cancer cases for women over 50. Lehman believes women over 50 should consult their physicians about the apparent risks of hormone replacement therapies, especially if they have a family history of cancer. Secondary factors, including smoking, obesity, alcohol, family history, diet, and stress, are also significant. As with reducing the risk of all cancers, a healthy lifestyle, including a good diet, frequent exercise, and moderate stress, is recommended. Genetics may also play a role in breast cancer. Even though less than 10 percent of the breast cancer cases are inherited, women with a family history of the disease have a much greater risk of breast (and ovarian) cancer. Benign Breast Diseases: Classification, Diagnosis, and Management Breast Cancer in Seniors Eighty percent of all breast cancer occurs in women over 50, and 60 percent are found in women over 65. The chance that a woman will get breast cancer increases from 1-in-233 for a woman in her thirties, to a 1-in-8 chance for a woman in her eighties. "The average age of diagnosis is 62," says Dr. Julie Gralow, associate professor of medical oncology at the University of Washington School of Medicine and medical oncologist at the Seattle Cancer Care Alliance. "So the majority of women getting breast cancer are over the age of 50." Adjuvant endocrine therapies may be offered to patients with endocrine-responsive disease, regardless of age, axillary node involvement, or tumor size. Tamoxifen has historically been one of the most commonly used endocrine therapies, with data supporting a 1- to 5-year course of treatment in elderly patients. Recent results from trials comparing tamoxifen with aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane), given at different time points, reported superior results of the latter over tamoxifen in terms of disease-free survival (DFS). In one of these trials, this also translated into a modest improvement in overall survival (OS), while in another trial longer OS was seen only in node-positive patients and in patients with both estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PgR)-positive tumors. According to the St. Gallen Consensus Conference, tamoxifen can still be considered an adequate treatment for selected low-risk patients, while for the majority of patients, the introduction of an aromatase inhibitor, either upfront or sequentially after tamoxifen treatment, should be considered. Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival for women with early breast cancer. Women aged 50 - 69 years with breast cancer achieve a 20% proportional reduction in the risk for recurrence and an 11% proportional reduction in the risk for death with adjuvant chemotherapy. However, limited data exist on the benefit of chemotherapy in women aged 70 years or older. Very few patients in the oldest age groups have been included in clinical trials to date for several reasons: exclusion criteria for age in some clinical trials; physician (or even patient) bias based on the notion that older patients will not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, will not tolerate it as well as younger patients, or both. In the Early Breast Cancer Trialists Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) 2005 meta-analysis, as few as 1,529 patients aged >70 years were included, compared with >31,000 patients <70 years, thus failing to show a statistically significant benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in terms of disease recurrence and survival after the age of 70 years. The meta-analysis found a nonstatistically significant 13% reduction in all-cause mortality among women aged 70 years and older who received adjuvant chemotherapy. Moreover, the small sample size precluded subgroup analysis by hormone receptor status. Despite the small number of patients >70 years old included in the Oxford Overview, the benefits of chemotherapy appear to decline with increasing age. This could also possibly be explained by a shorter life expectancy, a reduction in dose intensity, pathogenetic pathways resulting in reduced chemosensitivity, and the reduced benefit of chemotherapy in endocrine-responsive tumors . Gralow is especially concerned about the lack of women over 70 years of age in clinical trials. "There are several situations unique to our older patients. We find it difficult to determine the toxicity levels of chemotherapy," she explains, "because we simply don't have enough information. This is significant because older women tend to have more tumors and thus be more sensitive to estrogen receptor positivity; or they might avoid chemotherapy altogether." Lack of information is just one of several issues surrounding breast cancer in seniors. An obligation as routine as visiting the doctor can prove challenging if the patient cannot drive or does not have anyone to take her to the appointment. This is quite significant with cancer treatment, as the patient must make six-to-eight weeks of daily trips to the hospital for radiation therapies. In the U.S., cancer is a disease of aging. The
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as above red dotted line. J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 7 Made with FlippingBook Annual report maker Basic, DNA try transcribed to your a messenger RNA (mRNA) of the multisubunit enzyme RNA polymerase (RNAP) A couple of saved processes show the fresh genetic suggestions of all the organisms. 2nd, the new mRNA delivers necessary protein synthesis, when the ribosome means their nucleotide succession in order to proteins using the genetic password. Because these a couple techniques are very basic, numerous regulating processes keeps advanced to control her or him. Extremely examples include controls from often transcription or translation. From inside the PNAS, Chatterjee ainsi que al. (1) rather explain a complicated and detailed regulatory processes in which transcription and you can translation is additionally managed because of the both. Transcription and you will translation can be viewed as independent. Inside the eukaryotes, its particular confinement to the nucleus and you will cytoplasm enforces it. Yet, prokaryotes haven’t any such as for instance burden, and you may newly synthesized mRNAs is actually interpreted while they are nevertheless becoming transcribed. RNAP plus the behind ribosome are thus within the intimate spatial distance, making it possible for for every in order to dictate the activity of your almost every other. The potential for an actual commitment that could assistance useful coupling was suggested inside 1964 by Marshall Nirenberg’s research predicated on biochemical experiments (2). It showcased the potential dependence on regulating processes one at the same time apply at one another transcription and you may translation. Electron micrographs from ruptured Escherichia coli cells, commonly called “Miller develops,” confirmed the fresh personal proximity anywhere between RNAP and the trailing ribosome (3). Brand new character and mechanism away from coupling have obtained revived attract over for the past ten y. Biochemical and structural methods alongside the fresh size of gene term pricing when you look at the vivo provides made clear several important elements. Early training got demonstrated one to translation normally release RNAP off regulating pauses (4). That it method, section of a method also known as attenuation, was demonstrated in the context of the best choice sequences out-of certain operons. Yet more recent facts factors to a lot more genome-broad mechanisms out of translation generating transcription: the newest about ribosome moving RNAP send across the gene (5, 6). RNAP rests frequently in the event it experiences specific DNA sequences and will slip backwards. A forward translocating ribosome you can expect to thus shed the new creation and you will assistance on the release of transcriptional breaks. This may explain the synchronisation of transcription and interpretation prices seen for the Age. coli (5). It can be necessary to exercise, as interpretation retains genome stability by the unveiling detained transcription buildings you to manage or even hinder DNA replication (7). The fresh molecular structures that takes place while in the pause discharge more than likely is comparable to recent structures out-of ribosome–RNAP buildings determined that have small intervening mRNAs (8 ? –10). This supramolecular assembly might have been termed new “expressome.” The fresh expressome try vibrant and enters into a definite plan in the event the transcription grounds NusG can be acquired (nine, 10). By the simultaneously binding brand new ribosome and you will RNAP, NusG will act as a physical link. Impairment of NusG–ribosome communications impacts coupling within the vivo (11). RfaH, other member of the NusG friends, is served by the capacity to join each other RNAP and the ribosome, but the consequences try reduced-well-knew (12). So it decreases the formation of mRNA second structures which could restrict transcription and interpretation and also have sequesters a great NusG website name you to produces transcription termination When you look at the PNAS, https://datingranking.net/tr/chatango-inceleme/ Chatterjee ainsi que al. (1) shed next light which have an analysis out-of activities one to push the new business out of coupled translation from the an initial phase regarding transcription. Having fun with biochemical and you will unmarried-molecule fluorescence analyses, the newest interplay between ribosome employment and rates away from transcription and you may translation try checked-out. After that, just how each of these is modulated by the a regulatory riboswitch was looked at. Early in the day functions has worried about the brand new regulation out-of RNAP of the interpretation elongation, this is where a link try exhibited anywhere between RNAP and you will translation initiation: an appealing facet of transcription–translation coupling. Transcription of mRNA examined from the Chatterjee et al. (1) experiences a programmed stop immediately after ?one hundred nucleotides was indeed synthesized, a familiar feature out-of E. coli transcripts (13). RNAP waits getting interpretation initiation to happen and you can coupling become founded. This will be analogous on stop sequences upstream off attenuation web sites, where coupling regulation transcription cancellation (14). Chatterjee et al. demonstrate that recruitment of your own small ribosomal subunit towards the mRNA is sparked because of the paused RNAP and additional advertised from the NusG. It runs the regulating role regarding NusG beyond transcription to translation initiation. Chatterjee ainsi que al. as well as establish research the converting ribosome upcoming builds RNAP discharge in the pause and you can expands transcription prices. This really is similar to the belief your transcriptional pause allows going back to translation so you can commence (Fig. 1) and you can aids observations built in vivo (5, 15). Matteo Renzi è l'attuale sindaco di Firenze. E lo sappiamo tutti. Matteo Renzi è anche un attuale candidato alle primarie del 2013 che deciderà il leader del centro-sinistra italiano. Perché Matteo Renzi è del PD, e lo sappiamo tutti. Solo che Matteo Renzi, a volte, sembra il politico di centro-sinistra più di centro-destra che ci sia in Italia ora. Non ce lo stiamo inventando, lo dice un tumblr che si intitola Renzi che fa cose di destra. Quando è un tumblr a dire certe cose, noi non possiamo negare la realtà. Proprio non ce la sentiamo, non sappiamo se capite quel che vogliamo dire. Il tumblr a cui ci riferiamo è questo QUI. Matteo Renzi, in effetti, quando dirige dei lavori in corso in un cantiere, o quando giunge le mani in presenza di alcuni simboli Mediaset sullo sfondo, o persino quando contamina il cibo alla Festa dell'Unità senza farsi vedere, si comporta effettivamente come un qualsiasi uomo di centro-destra. Le prove che questo tumblr offre sono troppo lampanti per non tenerne conto. Qui sotto ci sono le notre cinque prove preferite. Ma prima di vederle, guardate anche questo video in cui Renzi partecipa a La Ruota della Fortuna, show simbolo della tv di destra, quando aveva solo 19 anni, vincendo un premio di 48 milioni di lire. La valletta di allora era Paola Barale, altra celebre cosa di destra. Renzi che vuole te per l'esercito americano Renzi che spiega come installare il modem di Mediaset Premium Renzi che contamina il cibo della Festa dell'Unità senza farsi vedere Renzi che posa da imprendatore mostra il suo rolex d'argento Renzi che parcheggia in divieto di sosta Anatomia di un segnale debole Vi ricordate la pubblicità di Apple con la voce di Dario Fo? “Questo film lo dedichiamo ai folli, agli anticonformisti ed ai ribelli, ai piantagrane, a tutti coloro che vedono le cose in modo diverso...”. Probabilmente è qui che possiamo cercare i segnali deboli di futuro. Elina Hiltunen, futurista della scuola finlandese, racconta tra il serio ed il faceto cosa ci deve far drizzare le antenne. Vede un potenziale segnale di futuro quando: - una notizia fa ridere i colleghi - la gente dice “figuriamoci, non accadrà mai” - le persone iniziano a farsi domande - nessuno ne ha mai sentito parlare prima - è un taboo di cui le persone faticano a parlare In maniera decisamente più seria e ragionata, Coffman definisce segnale debole come: - un’idea o un trend che influenzerà come facciamo business, quale business facciamo o l’ambiente nel quale lavoreremo; - qualcosa di nuovo e sorprendente dal punto di vista del ricevitore del segnale; - qualcosa difficile da isolare tra altri segnali e rumori di fondo; - un pericolo o un’opportunità per un’organizzazione; - qualcosa che viene deriso dalle persone che “hanno la conoscenza” - qualcosa cui serve un considerevole lasso di tempo per andare mainstream; - e quindi rappresenta un’opportunità per imparare, crescere ed evolvere. L’ultimo approccio per identificare i segnali deboli arriva da una reinterpretazione degli studi di Charles Sanders Peirce, ed introduce una nuova definizione: il “segno di futuro”. Esso è caratterizzato da: - L’oggetto: è il tema emergente che sta dietro al segnale. - Il simbolo: è la forma presa dal segno; quando parliamo di futuro può essere un articolo, una news, un rumour, un’immagine, un video etc... A questa dimensione si associa tipicamente la “visibilità” di un segnale o la sua frequenza, è un tema di cui già si parla? ha raggiunto una popolazione ampia o di nicchia? lo possiamo contare in qualche modo? - L’interpretazione: è il senso che viene dato dall’osservatore al segnale, ed ovviamente dipende dal ricevente e dal contesto al quale lo applica. Lo stesso segnale interpretato da un uomo d’azienda, da un politico, da uno sportivo o da un ecclesiastico nei loro rispettivi campi quindi, potrebbe portare a scenari molto diversi. Per ciascuno di questi aspetti si potrebbero fare molti approfondimenti. Per essere brevi qui facciamo due considerazioni ed un “rimando”. La prima considerazione è che il tema emergente dietro al segnale, difficilmente può essere colto grazie ad un solo segnale. Serve evidentemente un flusso di segnali, da impacchettare come argomento o “singolo tema”. Anche su questo torneremo in futuro. La frequenza o visibilità è abbastanza facile da commentare. Lo faccio con un grafico che esprime bene il concetto ponendo in relazione il segnale debole ad altri tipi di fenomeni, in relazione a questa grandezza. Sull’interpretazione invece è opportuno fare un rimando al prossimo post, dove parlerò di una serie di problemi “classici” nell’interpretare i segnali. Anatomia di un segnale debole 关键词:传奇影业股票 一、传奇影业是中国的吗? 2016年1月12日,中国万达集团宣布以不超过35亿美元现金(约230亿元人民币)收购美国传奇影业公司 。 二、凤凰传奇影业有限公司与凤凰传奇主唱的关系? 凤凰传奇影业有限公司(Phoenix Legend Films Co.,Ltd)隶属凤凰出版传媒集团,是集团旗下唯一专业影视制作公司。2凤凰传奇影业主营业务为电影、电视剧的投资、制作与发行,是国内首屈一指的大型影视传媒机构。凤凰传奇影业于2010年成立,持有甲级电视剧制作许可证(甲第267号)1,2013年12月成功注入凤凰传媒上市,注册资金为1亿5000万。凤凰出版传媒集团是国内出版行业的龙头企业,是全国首家资产和销售收入双超百亿的大型国有出版集团,也是中国规模最大的文化传媒类上市企业(股票名称:凤凰传媒代码:601928)。 三、传奇影业是世界500强吗? 传奇影尘创于2004年美国,是世界十大电影公司之一,但不是世界500强企业。传奇影业原是美国知名独立电影制片商,2016年被中国万达集团以不超过35亿美元并购,专注于电影投资以及电影文化的教育传播,专业从事电影电视创意、拍摄制作、运营发行于一体的现代化企业。 四、传奇和环球影业的区别? 其母公司为传奇娱乐,总部坐落于美国加利福尼亚州的伯班克市。环球影业是全球电影、电视制片厂大型制作商之一。2016年被万达收购。传奇影业(Legendary Pictures)由托马斯·图尔创建于2000年,是美国独立的电影制片公司。环球影片也是好莱坞历史悠久的公司之一,并在公司创始阶段成为好莱坞实力最强的电影公司。 (文章来源:未知) 问:驾驶报废汽车上路行驶有哪些处罚? 答:一、《报废汽车回收管理办法》第二十六条规定“违反本办法第十五条的规定,报废汽车上路行驶的,由公安机关收回机动车号牌和机动车行驶证,责令报废汽车拥有单位或者个人依照本办法的规定办理注销登记,可以处2000元以下的罚款;拼装车上路行驶的,由公安机关没收拼装车,送报废汽车回收企业拆解,并处2000元以上5000元以下的罚款。” 二、《中华人民共和国道路交通安全法》第一百条规定“驾驶拼装的机动车或者已达到报废标准的机动车上道路行驶的,公安机关交通管理部门应当予以收缴,强制报废。 对驾驶前款所列机动车上道路行驶的驾驶人,处200元以上2000元以下罚款,并吊销机动车驾驶证。” Food and beverage processing requires a lot of water. Whether it’s steam in the preparation or cleaning of dishes and flatware, or as an ingredient in food or beverages, water comes into contact with just about every edible or drinkable item in the food industry. That means the quality of the water used in food preparation or service must be monitored and managed to ensure not only that it tastes good, but also that it is safe for employees and customers. Making sure water is safe to consume often requires the installation of a water filtration system. The quality of tap water greatly varies depending on where you are located. In some areas, there are higher levels of sediment, chemicals or organic matter in the water, which means that there is a likelihood that not only is the water not ideal for consumption, but it’s also damaging to equipment. Filtration systems will improve the lifespan of equipment that uses water. How is Filtration Used in the Food Processing Industry? Water filtration systems are typically used on any type of food processing equipment that uses water. This can include everything from the machinery in large food processing plants to smaller equipment in restaurants and school cafeterias. When equipment or machinery that use water is run, over time it will develop a build up of scale (mineral deposits), which can lead to equipment breakdowns, malfunctions or even contamination of the food or beverage that is being processed. Using water filtration systems on food processing equipment will help prevent the scale build-up as it filters the water that is used in the equipment. Water filtration removes sediment, chemicals, minerals and organic matter from water, improving the taste and smell, and safely eliminating contaminants that may be dangerous for the people who will consume the products being processed. Which Areas are At Risk in Food Processing? There is a presumption of both quality and safety in the American food and beverage industry by consumers. That is due to, in large part, the fact that there are standards and regulations by which food and beverage processes must abide. The quality burden often rests on the machinery or equipment that are used in processes. Thus, the need for water filtration systems is more than simply wanting to provide consumers with quality products—it is also crucial for the continued operation of manufacturers. Improved water quality has highlighted filtration in recent years, and rightfully so. Water is a prevalent ingredient, cooking method and means of cleaning. Additionally, air power is used to operate pneumatic machinery, move food products, and sometimes add texture to those products. Water (liquid or steam) and air can easily transfer microbials or other contaminants into the
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The Octad gives the structure fully harmonized in and for itself on all scales; hence completedness. The further systems exhibit more concrete properties, including the overcoming of hazard and uncertainty. Understanding is a mode of apprehending experience in which there is no separation of 'subject' and 'object'. This distinction applies only in the sphere of knowledge. That is why understanding has more to do with action than with theoretical activity. The progression of the systems is a movement from abstract to concrete. A monad fixes the universe of concern but tells us nothing of the structure. A dyad enables us to see the polarity that introduces force into the situation. Only with the pentad are we able to define an entity. Usually, 'naming' occludes the structural depth of our mental objects. When we wish to understand an entity, we have to take account of inner and outer structuring and this requires at least five terms. All concrete situations involve uncertainties and hazards. The more complex systems show how these hazards enter and how they can be harmonized with respect to an overall plan or purpose. Beyond this, we are led into problems of the concrete structure of societies, when the terms of systems have an inner diversification and inherent flux. This then goes beyond the domain of Systematics, sensu stricto. It should be understood that systems are quite different from the conceptual pattern of artifacts. A system becomes concretely established by a structural act of will. That is why they are important for the conduct of practical affairs. Nothing can be understood unless it exists - is not an abstraction - and neither can it be understood save through an act of will. We shall now briefly state without explanation the properties of the simpler systems. Systemic Attribute: Universality Term Designation: Totality Term Character: Diversity in unity The monad is an undifferentiated diversity. Monads do not have sharp boundaries but their content is unified by sharing a total character. Each new situation, to which we turn our attention, presents a confused immediacy, but it also evokes the expectancy of finding an organized structure. This leads to what is called identifying the monad, which involves both cognition and judgment. Typical kinds of monads are 'populations', 'fields', 'problems' and 'universes of discourse'. There are two ways of identifying a monad: exclusion and enumeration, corresponding to the act of judgment and the cognition of content. Ideally each gives the same result; but since the second cannot be exhausted, they prove in practice to be complementary. Systemic Attribute: Complementarity Term Designation: Poles Term Characters: Positive and Negative Connectivity of terms: Force Every totality is ambiguous: it has an internal diversity and an external connectedness that are both quasi-infinite. There is what it is and what it does. This illustrates the fundamental ambiguity of the world-structure that makes contradiction a reality and not a defect of thinking, as many philosophers, such as Hegel, have seen. Each 'side' of the duality is necessary to the other: they are complementary. In every act of perception, there is a complementarity of 'figure and ground' and 'focal and peripheral attention', without which there could be no awareness of a world in which we ourselves are. Traditional metaphysics abounds with versions of the dyad, but all are limited in scope of expression and often fail to accord each term an equal status; and the dyad has sometimes been taken as a sign of defectiveness in a situation. An obvious example of the dyad in human experience is the system man-woman. Each, by nature, understands and wills in an opposite way to the other; both are necessary for mutual progress, hence are complementary. The recognition of dyads is of great practical importance. Ideas of right and wrong, good and evil, true and false, are defective ways of thinking and reflect a common tendency of the mind to work in opposites of pleasure-pain, like-dislike, etc., rejecting the one and accepting the other. Both logic and politics, as well as personal life, are rendered unrealistic by the inability to grasp the complementarity of two-term systems. Systemic Attribute: Dynamism Term Designation: Impulses First Order Connectivities: Acts Second Order Connectivities: Actions Progress beyond the dyad - but not its annihilation - is by entering into action. Now all activity is initiated by acts of will. We distinguish three moments in the realization of events. First the act which establishes the dynamism by the contact of impulses. Second, the action, which sets a process in train by the relatedness of impulses. Third the activity, the 'on-going'. To give a rough mental picture of the term characters: affirmation is the impulse behind commitment; receptivity is the impulse that opens up a field of action; reconciliation is the impulse that enables the dynamism 'to be'. In concrete situations the impulses interpenetrate and blend with each other. The triad is the first system that takes account of the flux of experience and is of great value in enabling the mind to grasp the originating impulses that are found connected and blended together in actions. The recognition that three independent factors have to be brought together for it to be possible that anything should happen has been found to be of immediate practical value. Systemic Attribute: Activity Term Designation: Source Motivational: Ground, Goal Operational: Direction, Instrument First order connectivities: Interplays The tetrad is concerned with the change of order. This is exemplified in everyday situations such as that of cooking where raw foodstuffs become a meal. It is exemplified in the activity of the mind, when perceptions are transformed into understanding. Such activities are flexible, orderly and intentional. In mathematics, specification of order requires four terms. We say that ordering activities proceed from four sources. We simplify by grouping the four terms into two pairs, one concerned with the why (motivational) and the other with the how (operational). Thus each activity arises from an actual ground and has an ideal or goal. Since the activity is intentional and operative, it has direction and an instrument. Basic Symbol of the tetrad In human affairs, we can distinguish two kinds of motivational source, corresponding to ground and goal: need and aspiration. The operational sources can always be grouped according to the two kinds, direction and instrument; the former cognitive and theoretical, the latter involved and practical. Each of the six interplays has a specific interpretation. These have proved useful in understanding the scientific activity. Systemic Attribute: Significance (also Potentiality) Term Designation: Limit Intrinsic Limit: Ipseity Lower Inner Limit: Lower Nature Upper Inner Limit: Upper Nature Lower Outer Limit: Nourishment Upper Outer Limit: Master First order connectivities: Mutualities An entity has meaning in its own right. This gives it an unique character and an inner and outer range of significance. Nothing less is sufficient for an independent structure. The inner range of significance includes the potentialities of the entity and partly stems from the nature or kind of entity and partly from its history. Any real thing is potentially more than it ever actually is. This is true of situations as well as of entities such as a man. Inner significance is confined within limits; the lower limit is in its bare requirements as a particular nature; the higher limit is in the highest degree of self-realization possible for it. The range of outer significance stems from the connections every entity has with its world; that is, from its range of significant action. The master is the highest end served by the entity; the nourishment is that which the entity needs in order to maintain its own identity. Symbol of the Pentad To give an illustration from general experience, we consider a home. A home has an unique significance or ipseity in the family at its core. Its lower nature is in the existential supports associated with the requirements for food, shelter and interaction upon which family life is founded. The higher nature of a home is its significance for the self-realization of its members; it is the 'natural field' for the development of complete people, but only up to a certain limit. The home serves human society: the master which it nourishes and which it contacts through the participation of its members in larger groups than the family. For its nourishment, there is the material of living - materials, foodstuff, information, etc. - which is without structure before it enters the synthesis of the life of the home. Inwardly, the home is a meeting place of ideals and problems. Outwardly, it is a participant in the flow of influences and materials that make up the spiritual and material context of the community at large. At the centre is the individuation of the particular family. The scheme of the pentad has enabled us to make a classification of kinds of entity - in terms of essence-classes - that is completely independent of spatio-temporal characteristics and relies only on modes of significance. Systemic Attribute: Coalescence (also, the Forms of Events, Independence) Term Designation: Law (laws govern the coalescence of events) (These are also the six fundamental laws that govern all events permissible by the nature of existence) First order connectivities: Steps Symbol of the Hexad A situation with potentiality passes into greater concreteness by an act of realization. Realization is a substantial transformation that leaves behind it something more than a succession of states. It is contrasted with actualization in which each succeeding state is wholly merged into the next. The character of realization can be expressed by saying that we have an event and that every event can be conceived of as a Present Moment. If we put to one side our usual prejudice that the mind is 'going-on in time', we can see that 'mind' is a present moment organized and disorganized by supra-conscious and subconscious actions, and unified by an act of will. The degree of unification determines the strength of coalescence of that mind. Coalescence is accomplished by a synthesis of different modes of action. These are found in the second order connectivities of the triad, and are given the name 'laws'. The six terms of the hexad are the basic laws of possible events. The combination of modes of action gives rise to the subsidiary attribute of cyclicity, and events are often in fact studied as constructed out of recurrent phases of action. Symbol of the Hexad as Progressive Cyclicity Coalescence involves both the manifestation of a higher level of order in a lower and its maintenance - through the triads of expansion, order and identity - and also the evolution of lower levels of order into higher - through the triads of concentration, freedom, and interaction. The hexad is, then, crucial for the study of history, and also for grasping (he fundamental structure of the fulfillment of complex tasks. It shows how self-contained or independent structures can arise. Systemic Attribute: Transformation (also, Historical Integration) Term Designation: State (Note that we now have an ordered series, and not just a set, of terms) First order connectivities: Intervals. The Double Cone Symbol of the Heptad In this system, we seek to define a very special kind of 'change', which we call transformation. That there are quite different kinds of change is vaguely acknowledged by most people, but little or no research has been devoted to this. With the heptad, we concern ourselves with a complex structure of action in which the quality of action itself is changed. If we consider an entity, then (i) the entity realizes itself (ii) it acquires properties not even potentially present before (iii) without losing the identity it is integrated into a greater totality. The third aspect is the key to the integration of independent events into a total history, hence progress. Transformations are comparatively rare but of major importance in human life. The few totally dedicated artists and scientists undergo this with respect to their art or research. Transformation is usually reflected in the struggle with and resolution of a complex problem. That is why this system has proved of heuristic value in understanding the concrete structure of 'problem-solving'. The terms of the system can be regarded as 'levels' and 'stages', providing it is not assumed that transformation is simply a passing along the series of terms. It is also important to take into account the individual qualities of each element, which are present throughout the total action. There is both a structural distinctiveness of terms and a blending between them. The terms are therefore designated states, the word signifying a synthesis of qualities and stages. Systemic Attribute: Completedness Term Designation: Element Term Characters fall into two tetrads of Active elements and Structural elements |Active Eelements||Structural Elements| Basic symbol of the Octad The symbol used to represent this system is derived from South-West Asia, where it is a common means of expressing a total order in which all things find their place. When all the first order connectivities are drawn, we have the total octad symbol, which has proved an invaluable heuristic tool in educational research done by the Institute. Total Octad Symbol The common region of the two squares is called the Arena and is considered to represent the region within which the action of harmonization of conflicting demands takes place In the square of structural elements 1-3-5-7, the horizontal line 3-7 represents the range from the atomic to the total aspects of the structure. The vertical line 1-5 represents the scale of influences from the most spiritual to the most material. Each of these lines has seven nodes in the total octad symbol, which can be characterized for each situation studied as a totality. The square 2-4-6-8 represents the conditions required for the completed action to take place. In the octad of a human life, the arena designates the region of action that is the total content of the active adult life. The arena, in general, is the region of sway of the particular will by which the situation is determined. This will need not be personal; it may be social, as for example, the will of society to educate its young. The octad affords a means for a total grasp of a situation. To illustrate by education. Education is a link between successive generations of mankind. It involves intricate personal relationships but is important for the entire human race. Influences which bear upon it range from the highest of human spirituality to the basic vital processes of the organism. Education must adapt to the changing needs and advancing ideals of humanity. All this can be represented by means of the octad with a minimum of explanation. Complete Structure of Education At the centre is the school or college, which is the point of effective action in the harmonization of the totality. To the left, is involvement in the total society; to the right, concern with the group and individual. Consideration of all the points of intersection of the total octad symbol then becomes the basis for an adequate study of the 'educational situation'. It is with regard to such structures as education, organized in depth, that the octad proves of greatest value. Systemic Attribute: Harmonization Term Designations are of two kinds: there are three Sources and six Steps The structure represented in the octad is still lacking in concreteness, for it does not take account of hazard and uncertainty. For example, the octad of education does not enable us to take account of the disordering due to politics and economic crises. The ennead is the first in the progression of systems that can take account of both purpose and the uncertainty of its fulfillment. Its principles can be illustrated by considering the inception and completion of a purposive process. A process initiated at A and directed towards an end B must, in any complete situation, meet with environmental factors which automatically result in some modified effect B". To avoid deviation, an independent action must be brought in to correct for deflections. This is self-regulation and is required for the accomplishment of any aim. There is a further factor, however. Outside of the developing situation there are uncertainties which may render the accomplishment of the aim useless.
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per il vostro animale domestico. FARMACI DA PRESCRIZIONE PER PULCI Oggi sul mercato esiste una vasta gamma di prodotti per le pulci, ma i nuovi prodotti per le pulci e le zecche su prescrizione stanno finalmente eliminando la frustrazione dal controllo delle pulci con marchi popolari e altamente efficaci. Parla con il tuo veterinario della medicina preventiva contro le pulci e le zecche per cani, poiché molti sono prodotti da prescrizione. I trattamenti di prescrizione presentano uno dei modi migliori per uccidere rapidamente le pulci. Bravecto (fluralaner) inizia a uccidere le pulci entro due ore e dura tre mesi, mentre i prodotti contenenti spinosad (Comfortis, Trifexis) iniziano a funzionare entro 30 minuti e durano un mese. Alcuni di questi prodotti delle pulci non danneggiano la pulce adulta ma impediscono alle sue uova di schiudersi, interrompendo così il ciclo di vita della pulce. Senza riproduzione, la popolazione delle pulci alla fine si dissipa fino a quando l’animale non viene continuamente in contatto con nuove pulci. Nei climi caldi, il trattamento delle pulci e delle zecche prescritto per i cani è in genere uno sforzo per tutto l’anno, ma in altri climi, il trattamento dovrebbe iniziare all’inizio della primavera prima dell’inizio della stagione delle pulci. Per gli animali allergici alla saliva delle pulci (con ipersensibilità al morso delle pulci ), scegliere un prodotto adatto anche alle pulci adulte, poiché sono ancora in grado di mordere l’animale. Per i cani con ipersensibilità alle pulci, i prodotti contenenti un repellente per pulci (collare Seresto, Vectra 3D) sono la scelta migliore in modo che le pulci non mordano mai. FARMACI SENZA RICETTA PER IL TRATTAMENTO DELLE PULCI SUI CANI Ci sono anche molti altri prodotti che uccideranno le pulci sull’animale e per i quali non è necessaria alcuna prescrizione. Lo svantaggio, tuttavia, è che questi prodotti potrebbero essere meno efficaci dei prodotti soggetti a prescrizione medica. Questi prodotti per pulci non soggetti a prescrizione comprendono shampoo per pulci, polveri per pulci, spray per pulci, collari per pulci, trattamento delle pulci per via orale e prodotti spot-on. Molti veterinari segnalano che i loro pazienti hanno ancora pulci dopo l’uso di questi prodotti da banco, ma ci sono anche buone recensioni da parte dei genitori di animali domestici per alcuni di questi prodotti. Capstar, ad esempio, è un tablet che uccide le pulci adulte e viene assunto per via orale. Comincia a funzionare entro 30 minuti e uccide oltre il 90 percento di tutte le pulci entro quattro ore. È usato per trattare le infestazioni da pulci. Shampoo per pulci per cani Ci sono diverse opzioni di shampoo per pulci e zecche per cani e gatti sul mercato che possono essere abbastanza efficaci se usate correttamente. Gli shampoo per cani delle pulci possono contenere una varietà di ingredienti più o meno efficaci. I piccoli cuccioli devono essere lavati solo con shampoo per cani non tossico. Dovrai considerare se il tuo animale domestico può sopportare di bagnarsi fradicio ed essere insaponato da 5 a 10 minuti, dato che è il tempo impiegato dallo shampoo per affondare. Dopo un bel bagno caldo, avrai ucciso le pulci e potrai usare una pulce per cani e un pettine per rimuovere le pulci morte dal tuo cane. Tuttavia, gli shampoo per pulci non proteggono il tuo cane dalla continua infestazione da pulci. ATTENZIONE: l’ olio dell’albero del tè è tossico . NON usare l’olio dell’albero del tè come repellente per pulci nei gatti o nei cani. COMPRENSIONE DEL CICLO DI VITA DELLE PULCI Ma la tua ricerca per eliminare le pulci non è ancora finita, devi anche curare l’ambiente. Semplicemente spolverare un po ‘di polvere per pulci sul tuo animale domestico non funzionerà; semplicemente aspirare la casa con forza non funzionerà, semplicemente posizionando un collare per pulci per cani o usando una pulce per uso topico sul tuo animale domestico non funzionerà. Per capire come funziona ogni opzione di trattamento e perché devi anche trattare l’ambiente, dobbiamo prima capire il ciclo di vita della pulce . I vari prodotti di trattamento e prevenzione lavorano su diverse parti di questo ciclo di vita. Esistono diverse fasi del ciclo di vita delle pulci : uovo, larva, pupa (bozzolo) e adulto. Il tempo necessario per completare questo ciclo varia a seconda delle condizioni ambientali, quali temperatura, umidità e disponibilità di un host nutriente. Il ciclo di vita può richiedere da due settimane a un anno. L’ospite delle pulci è un animale a sangue caldo come un cane o un gatto (o persino umani). I vari stadi delle pulci sono abbastanza resistenti alle temperature di congelamento. La pulce femmina adulta in genere vive per diversi giorni o settimane sul suo ospite. Durante questo periodo, succherà il sangue dell’animale da due a tre volte e deporrà dalle 20 alle 30 uova ogni giorno. Potrebbe deporre diverse centinaia di uova durante la sua vita. Queste uova cadono dall’animale e nel cortile, nella lettiera, nel tappeto e ovunque l’animale trascorre il tempo. Queste uova procedono quindi a svilupparsi dove sono sbarcate. Dal momento che sono circa 1/12 delle dimensioni dell’adulto, possono persino svilupparsi in piccole crepe nel pavimento e tra le fessure della moquette. Le uova si schiudono quindi in larve. Queste piccole larve simili a vermi vivono tra le fibre del tappeto, nelle fessure del pavimento e all’esterno nell’ambiente. Si nutrono di materia organica, squame cutanee e persino delle feci di pulci adulte ricche di sangue. Le larve crescono, muoiono due volte e poi formano un bozzolo e un pupato, aspettando il momento giusto per schiudersi in un adulto. Queste pupe sono molto resistenti e sono protette dal loro bozzolo. Possono sopravvivere a lungo, aspettando che le condizioni ambientali e la disponibilità degli ospiti siano giuste. Quindi emergono dai loro bozzoli quando rilevano calore, vibrazioni e anidride carbonica espirata, tutti elementi che indicano che un ospite si trova nelle vicinanze. La pulce adulta appena emersa può saltare immediatamente su un ospite vicino. In condizioni ottimali, la pulce può completare l’intero ciclo di vita in soli 14 giorni. Basti pensare alle decine di migliaia di piccoli mascalzoni che potrebbero derivare quando le condizioni sono ottimali. Conoscere questo ciclo di vita ci permette di capire perché è sempre stato importante trattare sia l’animale ospite sia l’ambiente interno ed esterno al fine di controllare completamente il numero delle pulci. È inoltre necessario trattare la casa e l’area circostante. COME TRATTARE LE PULCI NELL’AMBIENTE Con qualsiasi trattamento delle pulci, è necessario trattare tutti gli animali domestici per raggiungere il successo completo. Inoltre, sarà probabilmente necessario trattare l’ambiente interno ed esterno. CURARE LA CASA Durante il trattamento dell’ambiente interno, è importante lavare tutta la biancheria da letto con acqua calda e sapone. Tutta la moquette deve essere accuratamente aspirata e il sacco a vuoto gettato via o il contenitore svuotato e il sacco della spazzatura portato fuori. La pulizia a vapore del tappeto può uccidere anche alcune delle larve. Ricorda, tuttavia, che passare l’aspirapolvere e lo shampoo su un tappeto lascerà comunque una buona percentuale di pulci vive, quindi potrebbe essere necessario un trattamento chimico. L’intera casa è ora pronta per il trattamento delle pulci. Sono disponibili diverse opzioni tra cui nebulizzatori altamente efficaci. I prodotti a base di acido borico possono essere un’opzione più sicura per le case con bambini piccoli o altre situazioni in cui i residui chimici sono fonte di preoccupazione. I prodotti più efficaci sono quelli che contengono sia un ingrediente per uccidere le pulci adulte sia un ingrediente per uccidere le altre fasi del ciclo di vita. Quest’ultimo è chiamato un regolatore di crescita degli insetti. Methoprene è uno di questi regolatori di crescita. I nebulizzatori aerosol potrebbero non penetrare abbastanza bene, in alcuni casi, per uccidere tutte le pulci e le larve nascoste. Un’altra opzione per il controllo interno è un prodotto al borato di sodio che viene applicato alla moquette. Dovresti considerare di chiamare una società di sterminio locale per un preventivo e una garanzia che la loro procedura eliminerà i locali delle pulci. L’eradicazione delle pulci non sarà a buon mercato, ma quale prezzo dovrai pagare per vivere libero dalle infestazioni da pulci? CONTROLLO DELLE PULCI ALL’APERTO Per quanto riguarda il controllo esterno, gli spray e gli insetticidi pellettizzati vengono generalmente utilizzati dopo che le case e i canili vengono puliti a fondo. Anche qui un regolatore della crescita degli insetti è una buona scelta. Il pirriproxifene è più stabile alla luce del sole e dura più a lungo all’aperto rispetto al methoprene. È importante sapere che la Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ha vietato l’insetticida clorpirifos (Dursban). La produzione cessò nel dicembre del 2000. La terra di diatomee, un’opzione non tossica, può essere molto efficace ed è sicura da usare all’interno e intorno agli orti e alle attrezzature da gioco per bambini all’aperto. Quando si sceglie un prodotto a base di terra di diatomee, cercare un prodotto per uso alimentare come Diatomaceous Earth Food Grade Powder , che è sicuro per l’uso con gli animali domestici. Alcuni nematodi non tossici (piccoli vermi) possono anche essere diffusi in aree del cortile che sono calde e umide e che gli animali domestici e le pulci sono frequenti. I nematodi si nutrono delle larve delle pulci. E una volta che c’è una copertura di neve sul terreno, gran parte della principale fonte di pulci viene eliminata. Assicurati di consultare il tuo veterinario per sapere quali metodi e prodotti saranno i migliori per te e per i tuoi animali domestici. Il veterinario sarà la migliore fonte di informazioni sulle pulci attuali. Ice Hockey Stick Construction Do you wonder how ice hockey sticks are made? Hockey sticks currently are made of different materials, each having its own characteristics. They also vary in shaft length, circumference, shape, flexibility, balance, kick point, and blade characteristics. Youth stick shafts are shorter and have a smaller circumference, and youth blades are shorter in length and height also. Wood Hockey Stick Construction Lumber is the least expensive but is usually slightly heavier. Wood hockey sticks offer a strong, natural feel with the puck. NHL players never used to break their sticks nearly as often when they all used wood sticks. This indicates that the trade off in strength is worth it for the performance of new composite ones. Wooden hockey sticks are now usually made by laminating layers of wood together with thin plastic or fiberglass. The blade is then coated entirely in a layer of plastic or fiberglass to protect it. That keeps the water from seeping into the cracks to splinter the bottom of the blade, and makes them lighter than the original solid wood sticks. Still, wood is not as durable as aluminum or composite hockey sticks. Composite Hockey Sticks In September 2009, Sid Crosby was switching to one piece composite sticks. Composite sticks are today’s popular and more expensive option. They are lighter than wood, and players claim to have faster shots as a result. Stickhandlers cite improved puck control as the best feature. Composite sticks can be composed of different materials like wood, fiberglass, aluminum, carbon fiber, titanium, or Kevlar. They can be made with the blade and the shaft in separate pieces or as a one piece hockey stick. You’ll commonly find composite sticks to be (or close to) - 20% graphite with 80% firberglass; - 50% graphite with 50% fiberglass; - 100% graphite. To make a composite stick, a long sheet of the composite material is wrapped around a mold in the shape of the blade or shaft. Then it is compressed in a large machine until it takes on the proper shape. Fiberglass Hockey Stick Construction Fiberglass is made from extremely fine fibers of glass woven together into a sheet like cloth. Multiple sheets are bonded by resin for thickness and strength. This makes it heavy, and with its lack of density, fiberglass is also the weakest of composite hockey stick materials. These usually have a core, and it’s usually wood, but you will also find fiberglass in lower end graphite sticks. Fiberglass hockey sticks are the least expensive composite hockey sticks, so, considering their fragility, they’re best for a beginner or small player. Graphite Hockey Stick Construction First off, graphite and carbon are interchangeable terms. Carbon fiber is carbon based composite material, that is strong in tension but reasonably flexible, light, and expensive. Graphite is a soft, gray or black form of crystalline carbon that is found in nature and is used for pencils although it contains no lead. Carbon fiber was discovered in petroleum pitch derived from oil processing, but now is mixed with other natural byproducts called polyacrylonitrile. Discovery Channel did this cool piece on how graphite hockey sticks are made. Carbon fibers are drawn into long strands or fibers and then heated to a very high temperature without any contact with oxygen so it won’t burn. This gets rid of everything but carbon. Then a bit of oxygen is added to the molecules so that epoxy, polyester, nylon, or urethane will adhere to it. Then the strands are woven into a cloth like sheet as the raw material for hockey stick manufacturers. Graphite (carbon fiber) can be used to coat or reinforce wooden or fiberglass sticks, or be mixed with Kevlar or other material. The most expensive composite hockey sticks don’t have wood or fiberglass in them, they’re either 100% carbon, or mixed with Kevlar for more strength. Graphite is stronger than aluminum or fiberglass but also more expensive, though not as costly as aluminum or kevlar. They have the feel of a really light wood stick. Aluminum Hockey Stick Construction Some hockey sticks have a shaft made entirely out of aluminum, and need a replaceable wood or composite blade insert. Aluminum hockey sticks are stronger and lighter than wood or fiberglass, and don’t wear or warp like a wooden stick, but they are not up to Kevlar or graphite standards. On the other hand, they aren’t up to Kevlar or graphite prices either. To make an aluminum hockey stick, aluminum sheets are folded repeatedly into a
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ed by a three-tiered roof (pyatthat); the whole is crowned by the usual finial and the hti. Along the four sides of both basement and terrace runs a battlemented parapet formed of lozenge ornaments; at the four corners of each are small square pillars each surmounted by a marble manussiha or winged leogryph; the monster has a human head and two bodies. The relic-chamber on the terrace is square; the only entrance into it is on the west, facing the flight of stairs by which access is obtained to the top of the terrace; these narrow steps are enclosed between two brick walls, ornamented with copings in three tiers; the lower end of each coping is terminated by a large and graceful volute; this kind of ornamental stairs, with minor differences in details, may be seen all over Burma, either in brick or wood. The walls and roofs of the relic-chamber are adorned with graceful plaster carvings. Although the building is called the Tooth Relic Tower, there never was any tooth-relic enshrined in it. The tower was built simply because it was the tradition to have such a tower at the royal city, a tradition from the time of King Bayinnaung. The Hluttaw (လွှတ်တော်, [l̥ʊʔ tɔ̀]) or the Supreme Court was where the official business of the court was conducted. The Lion Throne (Sihasana) was the chief throne of eight in the palace. The hall consists of two three-roofed wooden structures, richly decorated with figures and flowers, and supported by massive teak pillars painted red at the bottom and gilded above. Therein was a Lion-Throne (Sihasana) for the King. Due north from the Clock Tower is a cluster of Mausoleums erected to the memory of some members of the Royal family. The most important historically is that of King Mindon, who died in 1878. It was originally a brick pyatthat, plastered over and whitewashed, erected by King Thibaw to the memory of his father, as soon as the grave had been built. The Sawbwa of Yawnghwe, decorated the king's tomb with glass mosaic. It is a square structure surmounted by a septuple roof terminating as usual in a hti. Other mausoleums include those of three wives of Mindon: Chief Queen; Queen Laungshe, mother of King Thibaw; Queen Sinbyumayin, mother of Queen Supayalat. The Royal Mint is located a few hundred metres to the northeast of the mausoleums. It was where the first Burmese coin was printed in 1865. After the British annexation, the Mint was used as bakery for the troops for some years. It was one of few buildings in the palace that survived allied bombing during World War II. The palace grounds are dominated by the 24 m (78 ft) tall Nanmyintsaung (နန်းမြင့်ဆောင်) or Watch Tower, topped by a seven tiered pyatthat. It was the spot from which to view the city. The King and Queen sometimes ascended the tower to witness the beautiful panorama of the country around, with its river, the bills and lakes. They also, from its summit, contemplated the magnificent spectacle of the illumination of the town at the Thadingyut festival at the end of Vassa ('Buddhist Lent'). It is said that Queen Supayalat witnessed, from there, the entry of the British troops who took Mandalay in November 1885. The Watch Tower also survived the allied bombing during World War II. On the palace platform The road from the Eastern Gate, which passes between the Clock Tower and the Relic Tower, leads to the Mye-Nandaw, and the Golden Spire over the Lion Throne Room, which marks the centre of the city. All the Palace buildings stood on the platform. The latter consists of three distinct parts: on the east, the Great Audience Hall and the Lion Throne Room are erected on an earthen basement contained by a brick wall; the whole of the western portion, from the western most extremity up to and including the Hman-nan or Glass Palace, is likewise an earthen basement surrounded by a masonry wall; these two basements are connected, from the Hman-nan up to the Lion Throne Room, by a plank flooring of the same level supported by numerous teak posts. The whole of this platform, in its greatest length, measures 306 m (1,004 ft); in its greatest width, 175 m (574 ft). The height of the basement is 2 m (6 ft 9 in), the surrounding or retaining wall rising to a height of 3 m (10 ft 9 in) from the surrounding ground, and forming a parapet 1.2 m (4 ft) from the basement. Access to the top of the basement was obtained by thirty-one flights of steps, some large and some quite small, the principal of which are those at the eastern and western extremities. Great Audience Hall This Hall itself is made up of three parts: the North (or Left) Audience Hall, and the South (or Right) Audience Hall; they were so called because, when the King was seated on the Throne, facing the east, the first was to his left and the second to his right. These two parts or wings are connected by a transept running east to west from the flight of steps up to the railing around the throne; this transept was called the Central Audience Hall, because it was flanked by the Right and Left Halls. The Great Audience Hall as a whole measures, from north to south, 77.1 m (253 feet). Below the Palace platform, on each side of the flight of steps, on the east, may be seen a few old pattern European cannons and near them some heaps of cannon balls; a few other guns of the same pattern are placed also on the sides of the steps on the west front of the Palace. The Great Audience Hall was built with a special eye to external effect, and this object was attained by carving and gilding all the wooden parts of the roofs-except the panels between the two roofs, which were merely gilt-that is, the gables, barge-boards and eaves-boards. The carving is in low relief and consists principally of a lotus and foliage-band on the eaves-boards; the barge-boards are ornamented with a plain scroll design and surmounted by flamboyant which are very effective as a decoration. But the wealth of ornamentation is lavished on the corners of the hipped roofs and the points of the gables as well as their lower extremities. The corners of the hipped (lower) roofs are surmounted by two wooden boards, made up of several joined pieces and meeting so as to form a right angle at the corner; the chief motifs are flamboyant, foliage, lotus-bands and guilloches. The angle represents a stylized peacock—the emblem of royalty—is surmounted by a finial; below the eaves-boards is a pendant turned in the lathe. This same peacock is everywhere found at the points of the gables, forming a hip-knob, with the pendant below. All these carvings, besides being gilt, were also decorated with simple glass mosaic. The details above given apply mostly to all the other apartments. Lion Throne Room There were eight thrones in the Palace, of which the Lion Throne (သီဟာသနပလ္လင်) was the greatest, and as such much more elaborately sculptured and finished than the others; an exact replica of the one now in the Palace was formerly in the Hluttaw. The King alone, of course, had a right to sit on it; and for anybody else to do so would be considered a case of high treason; the fact indeed was that anybody sitting on this throne was practically the King, if he could keep the rightful owner off. The base is formed of two lotuses, the upper one inverted on the top of the other; this pattern in no way differs from an ordinary altar supporting a Buddha image; but in the centre, where it is narrowest, that is, at the point where the two lotuses meet, is a small band containing a row of niches, with a somewhat larger one above it; in these niches were small figures of lions, besides the two large ones which may be seen now at each side of the Throne. Access to the Throne is obtained by means of a flight of steps in the room behind it from which it is shut off by a sliding door of gilt iron lattice work. The other thrones were the Hintha Throne (ဟင်္သာသနပလ္လင်), Elephant Throne (Gajasana) in the Byedaik (Privy Council Hall), Thinga Throne, Deer Throne (Migasana), Peacock Throne (Marurasana), Lily Throne (ပဒုမ္မာသနပလ္လင်), and Bee Throne (Bhamarasana). Hmannandawgyi (မှန်နန်းတော်ကြီး) or Glass Palace, is the largest and considered one of the most beautiful apartments of the Palace. It is believed to be King Mindon's principal living apartment of the palace. Like all the Throne rooms, it is divided by a wooden partition into two rooms. In the east room is the Bee Throne (Bhamarasana), so called because it was adorned with figures of bees in the small niches at the bottom of the pedestal. This was where the ceremony for the nomination of the Chief Queen and the Royal nuptial were held. It was also where the king and queen celebrated the Burmese New Year, and where the formal ear piercing of young princesses took place. The body of King Mindon was laid out in this room for viewing after his death in 1878. The west room, which was formerly divided into several smaller ones, was the principal living room of Mindon, and no other persons were allowed to sleep there except the four principal queens, to each of whom was appointed a room near the royal bed-chamber, which consisted of a small room surmounted by a pyatthat, or small spire consisting of seven superposed roofs similar to the Golden Spire over the Lion Throne Room on the cast of the Palace. This pyatthat was of gilt copper. On each side of this spired-room were constantly kept open two white umbrellas. The ladies-in-waiting of the Glass Palace were, by turns, stationed around the west room to wait upon. Their Majesties; they, whether princesses or minor queens, were not allowed to enter this room with slippers on or with their golden umbrellas: they had to leave these at the entrance with their attendants. In the time of King Thibaw, Queen Supayalat had a small room to herself in this west room of the Hmannan. - ^ a b John Falconer, Luca Invernizzi, Daniel Kahrs, Elizabeth Moore, Luca Invernizzi Tettoni, Alfred Birnbaum, Joe Cummings (2000). Burmese design & architecture. Tuttle Publishing. p. 70. ISBN 9625938826, 9789625938820. - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Mandalay Palace" (PDF). Directorate of Archaeological Survey, Burma. 1963. http://www.lib.washington.edu/myanmar/pdfs/MP0001A.pdf. Retrieved 2006-08-22. - ^ a b Kyaw Thein (1996). The Management of Secondary Cities in Southeast Asia. Case Study: Mandalay. UN-Habitat. ISBN 9211313139, 9789211313130. - ^ Vincent Clarence Scott O'Connor (1907). Mandalay and Other Cities of the Past in Burma. Hutchinson & Co.. pp. 6–9. - ^ Bird, George W. (1897). Wanderings in Burma. London: F. J. Bright & Son. p. 254. http://dlxs.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=sea;cc=sea;sid=f7c73dc350626ca80c0cf1c8ff80315f;rgn=full%20text;idno=sea282;view=image;seq=360. Mandalay Palace · Kanbawzathadi Palace - Wanderings in Burma by George W Bird, 1897 F J Bright & Son, London HistoricalAmarapura Palace · Innwa Palace · Shwebo Palace · Sagaing Palace Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. 詹姆斯·古恩的最后一部漫威电影《银河护卫队3》,为这部英雄三部曲画上了一个圆满的句号。詹姆斯·古恩表示,《哈利波特》三部曲一直都是一个“火箭浣熊”,而《哈利波特》三部曲的续集,则是一个更加丰富的人物经历。与此同时,来自国外的 YouTuber “Cinema Therapy”也在最近一期节目中对“火箭浣熊”的心理活动进行了剖析。 为了说明漫威电影中的“火箭浣熊”,一名精神科医生向我们介绍了《银河护卫队3》中“火箭浣熊”这个人物是怎样获得一个圆满的结局的。詹姆斯·古恩是银河护卫队的导演,也是他把他们带到世界上来的原因。从一开始,冈恩就一口咬定,《星际争霸》其实就是一个“火箭浣熊”的故事,而在《银河护卫队3》的大结局中,火箭浣熊成为了新的小队队长,这也是漫威电影世界最好的结尾,也是最好的结尾。 在最近一期《CinemaTherapy》节目中,精神疗法师强纳森德克、导演艾伦西沃特以及编剧布兰登穆尔等人对“火箭浣熊”在《银河护卫队》三部曲,《复仇者联盟:无限之战》以及《复仇者联盟:终局之战》中所扮演的角色进行了分析。在第一次看到“火箭浣熊”的时候,它还没有从那个被称为“至高进化”的大反派给它带来的心理阴影中走出来。不愿相信任何人,尤其是人类和其他与之有关的物种,直到他和其他小队的队员们有了一个稳定的家后,他才渐渐恢复了过来。 不过,火箭浣熊的恢复之路并非一帆风顺,直到《银河护卫队2》第二卷时,他还在与自己的软弱做斗争。后来,随着《复仇者联盟:无限之战》的上映,火箭浣熊也变得更加专注于自己的家人,甚至还参与了《复仇者联盟:终局之战》的拍摄。在《银河护卫队3》的结尾,“火箭浣熊”的故事终于告一段落,这位“异变小队”的队长也展现出了他是怎样从童年的心理阴影中走出来的。在本期节目中,《Cinema Therapy》还对火箭浣熊的情绪变化进行了详细的分析,并给出了《银河护卫队3》中他是怎么得出结论的。 现在还不能确定火箭浣熊会不会重返漫威的电影世界,漫威公司还没有确定火箭浣熊会出演《复仇者联盟:康之王朝》还是《复仇者联盟:秘密战争》。对火箭队浣熊的评价是:《复仇者》;在《末日战争》中,他是一名复仇者,同时也是一个来自多元宇宙的危险人物,而征服者康纳则是一个需要各方帮助的人,所以他想要得到银河护卫队新首领的帮助。随着火箭浣熊的痊愈,他已经变成了一个更有力量的领导者,毫无疑问,他将会是一个复仇者的助手,帮助征服者康德。 “火箭浣熊”还可能会以《银河护卫队4》的形式回归,但即使是第四集,也不会是詹姆斯·古恩,因为他说自己已经写好了整支队伍的剧情。但即便如此,如果第四部电影确定拍摄,火箭浣熊还是有很大机会出现在公众面前的,因为他是银河护卫队的队长。直到官方公布了火箭队的未来,人们才会知道他是否会回来。但现在,《银河护卫队》的前三集,却是他这十年来所经历的一切。就像 CinemaTherapy所说的,《火箭浣熊》中人物的发展轨迹一样,它也是该系列中人物发展最好的一段。 On Passover, we read from the Book of Exodus in the Torah explaining the Hebrew’s years of enslavement and the struggle it took to free them. G-d sent Moses to ask Egyptian Pharaoh Ramses II to “Let my people go.” When the Pharaoh refused, the Lord sent down 10 plagues: Scholars have debated how these occurred and scientists have
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索。 根据他们对凶手的画像,这个人可能是一名中产阶级白人男子,性格内向、喜欢独来独往,甚至可能还有自闭症倾向。当fbi探员把这个推论报告交给瓦里克镇上的警察时,警察们实感无奈。他们本来指望fbi能锁定凶手,但现在fbi布的网也太大了吧。镇上白人占绝大多数,而白人男性中产阶级也不少,这么查可是大海捞针啊!因此,警方只好设立了情报专线,一旦有居民发现线索,可以立刻报告。 然而,拉大网捞大鱼的效果也不好,一时间,警方连个嫌犯都没找到。于是就问李昌钰,凶手会不会是琼安的远方亲戚,或者是镇子外边熟悉琼安的人。李昌钰听后肯定地说:“不可能,你们放心,凶手一定在镇上。”那么,李昌钰凭什么如此肯定呢?如果嫌犯真的在镇上,那么他现在究竟藏身何处呢?关注“湖北卫视大揭秘”头条号,明天继续为您解密! af'-ri-ka: The name of this tract, as a continent, does not occur in the Bible, and it was only in later days known as one of the quarters of the world, under the name of Libya--that portion opposite the coast of Greece and West of Egypt. 1. Africa as Known to the Ancients: Naturally the most considerable part of Africa known to the Hebrews was Egypt itself, but Libya is regarded as being referred to under the names of Lehabim and Lubim (Ludim) (Ge 10:13; 2Ch 12:3)--words indicating, as often with the Semites, not the country itself, but its inhabitants. Other portions of Africa known to the Hebrews were Cush or Ethiopia, and Put, whose inhabitants they regarded as belonging to the Hamitic stock. Canaan, also Cushite and therefore Hamitic, naturally did not belong to the African continent, showing that the divisions of then known world into "quarters" (Europe, Asia, Africa) had not taken place when the Table of the Nations (Ge 10:1 ff) was drawn up--indeed, these division were not apparently thought of until many centuries later. The Casluhim and the Naphtuhim (Ge 10:13-14) were in all probability African peoples, though their position is in general regarded as uncertain. For the Hebrews, to all appearance, the southernmost point of Africa was Cush or Ethiopia, called by the Assyrians and Babylonians Kusu and Meluhha (Meroe), which included the district now known as the Sudan, or Black region. The sons of Cush, and also those of his firstborn, Sheba, were all Arabian tribes, nominally under the domain of Mizraim or Egypt, and on this account classed with the descendants of Ham. 2. The Cushites and the Negroes: It will thus be seen that the Negro districts were practically unknown to the ancient Hebrews, though men and women of Negro race must have come within their ken. It seems doubtful, therefore, whether there be, in the Bible, any reference to that race, either collectively or individually, the word Cushite standing, not for Negro, but for Ethiopian. This term is applied to Moses' (first) wife (Nu 12:1), and it will probably be generally admitted, that the great Hebrew lawgiver is not likely to have espoused a Negro woman. The Ethiopian eunuch converted by Philip the Evangelist (Ac 8:26 ff) was an official of Meroe, and an educated man, for he could read the Old Testament in the Greek(Septuagint) version. Commerce must have revealed to the Hebrews the whereabouts of the various peoples of Africa with whom they came into contact, and they acquired a personal knowledge of Egypt when the 12 tribes were in bondage there. During this period, it may be supposed, they saw from time to time visitors from the South--people who are not mentioned in the sacred books of the Old Testament because the Hebrews, as a nation, never came into contact with them. Apart from Egypt, the history of the portion of Africa known to the Hebrews was a chequered one, as it came successively under Egypt, Phoenicia, Greek and Roman civilization. That it was not overrun, or even influenced, by the barbarous tribes of the South, is due to the fact that the Mediterranean tract is isolated from the central (and southern) portion of that continent by the Sahara. 3. Hebrew Tradition: In the Talmud it is related that Alexander penetrated Africa on Libyan asses to find a race of women, with whom he had conversation, and from whom, as he afterward confessed, being a fool, he learned wisdom--a legend suggesting some possible tradition of the Amazons of Dahomey. But even in the Talmud it is mainly the nearer (Northeast) portion of Africa which is referred to, the Africans, who had the reputation of being flat-footed, being associated with the Canaanites. T. G. Pinches Vultures can often be seen out on the road eating road kill or dead cattle in pastures. They are also seen flying regularly in circles looking for dead animals to eat. There are two (2) species of vultures in Florida. They are the turkey vulture and the black vulture. Black vultures tend to be more aggressive and may occasionally kill or injure calves, lambs, cows giving birth, or other incapacitated livestock. Vultures become a nuisance when they enter a building structure to roost or nest. They also tend to congregate on roof tops and have been seen bringing with them their carrion (decaying flesh of dead animals) to eat on the roof tops! Vultures congregating in larger numbers can also cause an accumulation of droppings that can contaminate water and cause respiratory illnesses. Furthermore, they also cause damage to screen porches and damage shingles on roofs. They tend to revisit the same dwelling and structures time and time again when there is food nearby. Although, vultures are state and federally protected as a migratory bird and it is against the law to harm or kill them without the proper authorization and permit from the US Fish and Wildlife Services, there are options available to assist in getting the vultures to relocate to another location. If you have a vulture or nuisance buzzard problem, we can help! Give us a call today to schedule an appointment to have one of our trained professionals help you handle this problem right away! (大纪元讯)2019年度红点设计大奖颁奖典礼将于7月8日在德国埃森举行,届时法拉利将获得两项殊荣:Monza SP1斩获红点奖最高荣誉(Best of the Best),而弗拉维奥.曼佐尼(Flavio Manzoni)领导的设计团队也将赢得荣誉头衔。 据法拉利称,在2015年至2019年期间,法拉利一举斩获14项红点大奖,连续五款车型赢得红点奖最高荣誉。继FXX-K、488 GTB、J50和Portofino相继获奖后,今年Monza SP1因其创新性和符合现代美学的杰出设计再次折桂。在红点设计奖的歷史上,还没有其他汽车制造商取得过如此殊荣。 在颁奖典礼上,弗拉维奥.曼佐尼及其设计团队还将赢得「Radius」奖盃,并被正式授予红点奖「2019年度最佳设计团队」头衔。 对于法拉利设计团队再获殊荣,红点奖创始人兼首席执行官彼得.扎克(Peter Zec)教授如是称赞道:「法拉利比任何其他公司都更瞭解如何让豪华跑车成为人们的心仪之物。设计师们使用最先进的技术,以富有感召力的设计语言,创造出无与伦比的驾驶和品牌体验。」 Questo articolo è solo un abbozzo al momento, ha bisogno del tuo aiuto per essere completato! Aiutalo scrivendo qualche informazione in più. Il bossDentatus si trova nella regione nord di Kanos IIium. Questo boss utilizza l' elemento Terra per combattere i giocatori che vi si avvicinano a lui. Anche i suoi Servitori e Guardiani usano lo stesso elemento per combattere i nemici. "Ci sono tre punti su cui bisogna concentrarsi in questa partita. Il primo sono i punti d'incontro, il secondo è guadagnare la linea del vantaggio e, terzo, capire come si evolverà il match nel secondo tempo, soprattutto negli ultimi 20 minuti - dice Lancaster -. Credo che Manu ci darà le qualità per vincere nella battaglia sulla linea del vantaggio, e insieme a Brad forma un'ottima coppia sia in attacco sia in difesa. Dylan, invece, ha aspettato il suo momento, e ora ha la fiducia mia e della squadra per fare la differenza". Tanti i cambi, invece, nella Francia di Philippe Saint-André, che arriva all'appuntamento dopo le sconfitte contro Italia e Galles nei primi due match. Vincent Clerc, assente per infortunio sino a ora, Yannick Nyanga, Thomas Domingo, Christophe Samson e Antonie Claassen sono stati tutti richiamati, con solo l'ultimo a finire in panchina e non titolare. Oltre a loro Saint-André ha cambiato totalmente la mediana, con Morgan Parra e François Trinh-Duc titolare, mentre Wesley Fofana si sposta a centro per dare spazio a Clerc. E l'allenatore francese chiede ai suoi di ritrovare a Twickenham l'orgoglio perso per strada, uno stadio dove non hanno più vinto dopo il test match in preparazione alla Rugby World Cup 2007. "Non ci sono scuse e non ci devono essere. E' un torneo magico, è ciò cui qualsiasi giocatore sogna di fare parte ed è perché io volevo giocare a rugby. A novembre volavamo, ma ora è veramente dura. Siamo ultimi, ma dobbiamo ritrovare il nostro spirito e il nostro gioco e non dobbiamo arrenderci". Stick some cubes together to make a cuboid. Find two of the angles by as many different methods as you can devise. A box of size $a$ cm by $b$ cm by $c$ cm is to be wrapped with a square shaped piece of wrapping paper. Cutting the paper is not allowed so what is the smallest square this sheet can be? Now suppose we want to wrap up a cube, what is the smallest square of wrapping paper that can be used to minimise wastage? Inventors have a large toolbox filled with different skills and talents, and sketching should be somewhere in the mix. Making quality sketches is a talent, and it’s a talent that all inventors should work on. If the rough drafts of your new product or idea don’t impress, it’s that much harder to get funding or assistance. Here’s the thing: even if you’re convinced that you’re just not genetically pre-disposed to be a good artist, you can improve. WHY IT’S IMPORTANT You may be thinking that your invention idea is enough to sell on its own even without sketches. It’s unlikely, and it just makes every subsequent step harder. Additionally, sketching has far more benefits beyond being a visual aid to help you tell your story. Sketching is an excellent brainstorming activity and can help you further visualize ideas you may already have. It’s cheap and effective, even when it’s not enormously detailed. Remember: sketches are not drawings. They’re simple, with minimal detail. You don’t need color or multiple pens and pencils. It’s just the basic concept laid out in visual form. Having sketches of your work also makes it easier to communicate. Some concepts are difficult to get across verbally. Having an image as a supplement makes communication less of a chore. It also aids in collaboration, as colleagues can actively see and comment on your project. People may interpret your words differently, but a sketch is more universal. It also allows for faster iterations and changes, even if you have an existing prototype. That’s another thing to keep in mind: sketching isn’t prototyping. Prototypes take time, money, and effort. Sketches require far fewer resources. HOW TO IMPROVE The most common piece of advice you’ll hear for any skill is “practice, practice, practice.” And it’s true: the more you work at a skill, the more you’ll improve. Painter Bob Ross once said, “Talent is a pursued interest. In other words, anything that you’re willing to practice, you can do.” Therefore, if you want to make better sketches, make as many as you can. Sketch whenever you have a free moment. Doodle in the margins of your notebook. Scribble on a napkin at a restaurant. That being said, there are a few more specific tips we can give you. First, be messy. You’re not creating a masterpiece. It’s okay if there are overlapping lines or eraser marks. Taking field notes may also prove useful, depending on what sort of invention you’re working on. Consider practicing making pen sketches: it’ll prove useful if you’re ever without a pencil when inspiration strikes. One common recommendation for artistic sketchers is to try precision, i.e. inventive, sketching. Using a different skill set broadens your options and gives you more freedom and experience. The same is true in reverse. Try recreating a garden scene or a loved one’s face in your sketchbook. It may not be the most flattering likeness, but it’s still practice. If you’re especially passionate about polishing your sketches, you might want to consider taking a class in sketching. Plenty of art and business schools offer courses in inventive or production sketching. Websites like Skillshare also host seminars on the topic. This is a great step if you want your sketches to be above and beyond in quality. THE BOTTOM LINE The value of a good sketch can’t be overstated. It’s invigorating, helpful, and even fun. Having a unique, useful idea will always be the most important factor, but coupled with visuals, it becomes something more. It makes the product feel real long before the prototype phase. Sketching is a skill any good inventor- any good creative type, really- should consider having. Many people struggle to draw a stick figure, but if you can get it down on paper it will be easier to talk about. If you have the time and you have several ideas a class might be a great place to start. Not everyone can be Bob Ross, but everyone can have an idea. Find out what kind of inventor you are today by taking our inventor quiz! Vincent van Gogh è stato un pittore olandese nato nel 1853 e morto nel 1890. È uno degli artisti più famosi e influenti della storia dell’arte. Anche se oggi è molto celebrato, durante la sua vita ha venduto solo pochi quadri e ha vissuto in povertà. Van Gogh è famoso per il suo uso audace del colore e per le sue pennellate energiche. Ha dipinto paesaggi, ritratti e nature morte. Scopri di più 钻杆是尾部带有缧纹的无缝钢管,用于连接钻机地表设备和位于钻井底端钻磨设备或底孔装置。钻杆的用途是将钻探泥浆运送到钻头,并与钻头一起提高、降低或旋转底孔装置。钻杆必须能够承受巨大的内外压、扭曲、弯曲和振动。在油气的开采和提炼过程中,钻杆可以多次使用。 光管和原无缝钢管材在经过多次加工步骤后被制成钻杆。首先,通过钢管加厚工序的处理,光管外表面向内弯,钢管管壁加厚。下一步,进行螺纹加工并镀上能够增加强度的铜。然后进行非破坏性质量控制检验,随后进行钢管管体接头的焊接。而后
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an uninhabited area such as a desert or an ocean, then there should be very little risk to human life in case of failure. Finally, their low payload costs of about 3 USD per kg will open up large-scale commercial space tourism and even space colonization. Also the initial costs of construction of 10 billion USD are quite low compared to the other non-rocket spacelaunch methods. This is roughly equivalent to the cost of 20 space shuttle launches. Difficulties of launch loops A running loop would have an extremely large amount of energy in the form of linear momentum (about 1.5×1015 joules or 1.5 petajoules). If a major failure did occur the energy release would be approaching a nuclear bomb explosion (or 350 kilotons of TNT equivalent), although not emitting any nuclear radiation. This is why the magnetic suspension system of the launch loop would be highly redundant, with failures of small sections having essentially no effect at all. Even if the safeties fail and this large amount of energy is released, it is unlikely that it would destroy very much of the structure due to its very large size. Also most of the energy would be deliberately dumped at preselected places when the failure is detected. Steps might need to be taken to lower the cable down from 80 km altitude with minimal damage, such as parachutes. A few technical issues involving the cable’s instability problems would have to be solved before constructing a launch loop. Lofstrom’s design requires electronic control of the magnetic levitation to minimize power dissipation and to stabilize the otherwise under-damped cable. In conclusion, the launch loop concept does have a few technical difficulties, but if those can be solved, the advantages of such a spacelaunch method are great. Lowering the costs of space travel and opening the final frontier to tourism and eventually colonization are just a few of them. Links to the other articles in this series - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Space Elevator - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Space Elevator Safety Issues - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Extraterrestrial Space Elevator Concepts - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Space Elevators in Fiction - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Tether propulsion - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Tether satellite missions - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Tether propulsion safety issues - Non-Rocket Spacelaunch – Tether propulsion in fiction pinnacle平博备用网址参考快讯国际奥委会称将评估推迟东京奥运会可能性 却说徐晃正坐帐中,忽报魏王使至。晃接入问之,使曰:“今魏王引兵,已过洛阳;令将军急战关公,以解樊城之困。”正说间,探马报说:“关平屯兵在偃城,廖化屯兵在四冢:前后一十二个寨栅,连络不绝。”晃即差副将徐商、吕建假着徐晃旗号,前赴偃城与关平交战。晃却自引精兵五百,循沔水去袭偃城之后。且说关平闻徐晃自引兵至,遂提本部兵迎敌。两阵对圆,关平出马,与徐商交锋,只三合,商大败而走;吕建出战,五六合亦败走。平乘胜追杀二十余里,忽报城中火起。平知中计,急勒兵回救偃城。正遇一彪军摆开,徐晃立马在门旗下,高叫曰:“关平贤侄,好不知死!汝荆州已被东吴夺了,犹然在此狂为!”平大怒,纵马轮刀,直取徐晃;不三四合,三军喊叫,偃城中火光大起。平不敢恋战,杀条大路,径奔四冢寨来。廖化接着。化曰:“人言荆州已被吕蒙袭了,军心惊慌,如之奈何?”平曰:“此必讹言也。军士再言者斩之。” 第十二回 陶恭祖三让徐州 曹孟穗大战吕布 天地之道,寒暑不时则疾,风雨不节则饥。教者,民之寒暑也,教不时则伤世。事者,民之风雨也,事不节则无功。然则先王之为乐也,以法治也,善则行象德矣。夫豢豕为酒,非以为祸也;而狱讼益烦,则酒之流生祸也。是故先王因为酒礼,一献之礼,宾主百拜,终日饮酒而不得醉焉,此先王之所以备酒祸也。故酒食者,所以合欢也。 河间献王德,以孝景帝前二年用皇子为河间王。好儒学,被服造次必於儒者。山东诸儒多从之游。 却说卑衍与杨祚商议曰:“若魏兵来攻,休与交战。彼千里而来,粮草不继,难以持久,粮尽必退;待他退时,然后出奇兵击之,司马懿可擒也。昔司马懿与蜀兵相拒,坚守渭南,孔明竟卒于军中:今日正与此理相同。”二人正商议间,忽报:“魏兵往南去了。”卑衍大惊曰:“彼知吾襄平军少,去袭老营也。若襄平有失,我等守此处无益矣。”遂拔寨随后而起。早有探马飞报司马懿。懿笑曰:“中吾计矣!”乃令夏侯霸、夏侯威,各引一军伏于辽水之滨:“如辽兵到,两下齐出。”二人受计而往。早望见卑衍、杨祚引兵前来。一声炮响,两边鼓噪摇旗:左有夏侯霸、右有夏侯威,一齐杀出。卑、杨二人,无心恋战,夺路而走;奔至首山,正逢公孙渊兵到,合兵一处,回马再与魏兵交战。卑衍出马骂曰:“贼将休使诡计!汝敢出战否?”夏侯霸纵马挥刀来迎。战不数合,被夏侯霸一刀斩卑衍于马下,辽兵大乱。霸驱兵掩杀,公孙渊引败兵奔入襄平城去,闭门坚守不出。魏兵四面围合。 You are one of two people on a malfunctioning airplane with only one parachute. you refuse the parachute because you might die in the jump anyway. you refuse the parachute because people have survived jumps just like this before. you play a game of Monopoly for the parachute. you order them to conduct a feasibility study on parachute use in melti-engine aircraft under corde red conditions. you charge one parachute for helping them sue the airline. you tell them you need to run more tests, then take the parachute in order to make your next appointment. you sell them the parachute at top retail rates and get the names of their friends and relatives who might like one too. Internal Revenue Service you confiscate the parachute along with their luggage, wallet, and gold fillings. you strip-tease while singing that what they need is a neon parachute with computer altimeter for only $39.99. you make them another parachute out of aisle curtains and dental floss. you give them the parachute and ask them to send you a report on how well it worked. you refuse to accept the parachute without proof that it will work in all cases. you ask how they know the parachute actually exists. you explicate simile and metaphor in the parachute instructions. Literature: you read the parachute instructions in all four languages. you design a machine capable of operating a parachute as well as a human being could. you plot a demand curve by asking them, at regular intervals, how much they would pay for a parachute. you ask them what the shape of a parachute reminds them of. you tie them down so they can watch you develop the character of a person stuck on a falling plane without a parachute. you hang the parachute on the wall and sign it. as you jump out with the parachute, you tell them to work hard and not expect handouts. you ask them for a dollar to buy scissors so you can cut the parachute into two equal pieces. After reminding them of their constitutional right to have a parachute, you take it and jump out. you tell them not to worry, since it won't take you long to learn how to fix a plane. you issue a warning that skydiving can be hazardous to your health. Association of Tobacco Growers you explain very patiently that despite a number of remarkable coincidences, studies have shown no link whatsoever between airplane crashes and death. National Rifle Association you shoot them and take the parachute. you beat them unconscious with the parachute. you refuse to use the parachute unless it is biodegradable. your only rational and moral choice is to take the parachute, as the free market will take care of the other person. you start betting on how long it will take to crash. as long as you are looking at the plane engine, it works fine. Roma'dan korkmak demokrasisini Sezar'ın gözetimi altında kaybedecekti, Brutus arkadaşını Roma adına öldürmeyi kabul etti. "Sezar'ı daha az sevdiğim değil, ama Roma'yı daha çok sevdiğim" (Kanun 3 Sahne 2) Brutus ve Cassius, diğer senatörlerle birlikte, Caesar'ı taç giyme gününde Sezar'a boğdular. Julius Caesar ünlü "Et tu, Brute" diyor. Onun ihanet hissini gösteriyor. Shakespeare Julius Caesar'ın beş kanun yapısının komik şeridi Öykü Penceresi Metni FUAR Sen bloklar, taşlar, değersiz aptallar - GO EVİNİZ! FİKİR AYRILIĞI Cassius, konuştuğun şey ihanet! YÜKSELEN EYLEM Ona püskürtmek için kişisel bir nedenim yok ... Sezar, eski bir Roma generaliyle savaşmaktan geri döndü. O galip gelmiş ve vatandaşlar onun şerefinde kutluyorlar. Her ne kadar Romalılar Sezar'dan memnun değillerse de; Onlardan korkuyorlar ve bir diktatör olma yolunda olduğuna inanıyorlar. DORUK NOKTASI Sic Semper Tyrannus! Bir grup senatör Caesar'a karşı döndü ve Caesar'ın arkadaşlarından biri olan Brutus'u ona karşı bir komplo kurmak için teşvik etti. DÜŞEN EYLEM Arkadaşlar, Romalılar, vatandaşlar, kulaklarınızı bana ödünç verin! Brutus, Sezar'a güvenip güvenmeyeceğini değerlendirir. Sonunda komploya katılır, çünkü Sezar'ın Kral yapması durumunda neler olacağından korkar. Caesar'ı daha az sevdiğinden değil, daha çok Roma'yı sevdiğini belirtiyor. REDDETME Brutus onurlu bir adamdı! Komplocular Caesar'ı başkentine çekip öldürürler. Brutus, Antony'den kalabalığa seslenerek eylemlerine destek vermesini istiyor. Antony, komplocularla aynı görüşte olmalıydı, ama eli ayaklanarak bir kargaşaya neden oldu, komplocuları kentten kaçmaya zorladı. Antony, Sezar'ın ölümünden intikam duyacağına itiraz eden bir ittifak oluşturuyor. O, Sezar'ın yeğeni Octavius ve Lepidus savaştaki komplocuların peşine düşerler. Sonunda bütün komplocular intihar etti ve Antony, Brutus'un bir kahramanın definini alacağını ilan etti. AYM, daha önce ilk incelemesini yaptığı, içinde makul şüphenin de yer aldığı Hâkimler ve Savcılar Kanunu ile Bazı Kanun ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun ile ilgili bugün yapacağı toplantı sonrası kararını açıklayacak. Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin CHP'nin 'iptal ve yürütmeyi durdurma' istemini görüşeceği bazı maddeler şöyle: "Yargıtay'da tetkik hâkimlerinin görevlendirilmesinde Yargıtay Başkanı'nın devre dışı bırakılarak atamaları tamamen HSYK'nın yapması. HSYK, yargı paketindeki bu maddeyi kullanarak Yargıtay'da genel sekreter yardımcılarının da aralarında bulunduğu 63 tetkik hâkim ve savcıyı görevden almıştı. HSYK'nın ceza mahkemeleri arasında 'ihtisaslaşmanın sağlanması amacıyla, gelen işlerin yoğunluğu ve niteliği dikkate alınarak daireler arasındaki iş dağılımı' yapması. Bu durum, yeni özel yetkili mahkemeler uygulamasını geri getireceği nedeniyle eleştiriliyordu. Ceza Muhakemesi Yasası'nda (CMK) yapılan 'makul şüphe' düzenlemesi. (Yakalanabileceği veya suç delillerinin elde edilebileceği hususunda makul şüphe varsa; şüphelinin veya sanığın üstü, eşyası, konutu, işyeri veya ona ait diğer yerler aranabilir.) Anayasal düzene ve bu düzenin işleyişine karşı suçlarda somut delillere dayanan kuvvetli şüphe varsa şüpheliye veya sanığa ait taşınmazlara, hak ve alacaklara el koyma. Devletin birliğini ve ülke bütünlüğünü bozmak, anayasal düzene ve bu düzenin işleyişine karşı suçlar kapsamında da iletişimin tespiti, dinlenmesi kayda alınması ve teknik araçlarla izlenmesi. Soruşturma evresinde avukatın dosya içeriğini inceleme veya belgelerden alma yetkisinin, soruşturmanın amacını tehlikeye düşürebilecek ise Cumhuriyet savcısının istemi üzerine hâkim kararıyla kısıtlanabilmesi." (CİHAN) Until 1772 Abgunstkampe was located in what was known as Royal Prussia (also known as Polish Prussia) in the Kingdom of Poland. The First Partition of Poland in 1772 resulted in the creation of a new province in 1773, called West Prussia, in which Abgunstkampe was located. The village was situated in the district (Kreis) of Marienburg until the establishment of the Free City of Danzig in 1920. The village came under the control of Nazi Germany during World War II until February 1945, when it was occupied by Soviet forces and returned to Poland. In 1820 Abgunstkampe had 14 inhabitants, of which nine were Mennonite. Mennonites who were residents of Abgunstkampe were members of the Tiegenhagen Mennonite Church. Wolf, Hans-Jürgen. "Familienforschung in Westpreußen." Web. 21 February 2013. http://www.westpreussen.de/cms/ct/ortsverzeichnis/details.php?ID=8412. |Author(s)||Richard D Thiessen| |Date Published||February 2013| Cite This Article Thiessen, Richard D. "Abgunstkampe (Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. February 2013. Web. 6 Mar 2015. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Abgunstkampe_(Pomeranian_Voivodeship,_Poland)&oldid=79136. Thiessen, Richard D. (February 2013). Abgunstkampe (Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 6 March 2015, from http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Abgunstkampe_(Pomeranian_Voivodeship,_Poland)&oldid=79136. ©1996-2015 by the Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. All rights reserved. What is in this article?: - Over the long-run will supply out-pace demand in the years ahead? - Crop agriculture may once again face long periods of low prices. - Times of excess production could result in low price problems. In the absence of two critical issues, farm bill commodity programs would make little sense. Issue one: crop production can change considerably from year to year due to weather and disease, and issue two: over the long-haul supply increases faster than demand. Governments as far back as second millennium BC Egypt and late first millennium B.C.-early first millennium AD China have recognized that crop failures can have a negative impact on their citizens in terms of food availability and prices and disruption to the economy. China also recognized that times of excess production could result in low price problems for its farmers. With the opening up of the Western Hemisphere to European markets, the problem of supply increasing at a faster rate than demand began to rear its head in the U.S. and elsewhere in the New World. At first, the rate of increase of new agricultural land being brought into production was the cause of this rate differential. By the twentieth century, investment in agricultural research, education, and extension—much of it by governments—became significant factors allowing
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larak kuraklığı ve donu tolere ederler. Tui “Brabant” kentsel koşullarda kolayca kökleşir. Tacın orjinal şekli, tek ve grup dikimleri arasında, peyzaj tasarımında batı thui kullanımına yol açmıştır. Satın alırken sağlıklı fide nasıl seçilir Mazı fidanları “Brabant” en iyi şekilde alışılmış haliyle satın alınır. Her bir bitki, gübre ile ayrı bir kapta olmalıdır. Bu yaklaşım sayesinde, fidelerin kök sistemine zarar vermesi gerekmemektedir. Yere inişten sonra mutlaka alışacaklar. Mayıs ayının sonunda ya da haziran ayında tuya fideleri satın alabilirsiniz, bu sayede bitkinin ölü numunesi yaşamanız için size verilmeyecektir. Sağlıklı fidelerin sulu, kurutulmuş yeşil iğneler tarafından ayırt edilmesi kolaydır. Kahverengi veya sarı hasta bitkinin belirtisidir. Sağlıklı bir fidenin kök uçları beyazdır ve 1 ila 3 mm arasında bir kalınlığa sahiptir. Fide yetiştiği toprak nemli olmalıdır. En fazla 20 cm yüksekliğe kadar bitkiler 1 m’ye kadar satın almak en iyisidir. Thuyu “Brabant” nasıl ekilir Mümkün olduğunca uzun süre Tui “Barbant” ın yeşil büyüsü ve muhteşem aromasının tadını çıkarmak için, fidelerin ekim kurallarına uymalısınız. Bu, bitkinin sağlıklı büyümesinin ve uzun ömrünün garantisidir. Bitki için en uygun zaman İlkbahardan sonbahara kadar ekim dikimi mümkündür ve fideler en iyi nisan-mayıs aylarında kurulur. Bu aylarda ucuz fideleri kullanmak faydalıdır. Daha sonra, tüm yaz boyunca konteyner fideleriyle ilgilenebilirsiniz. Büyük ihtimalle, tüm bitkilerin alışık olacak. Ama kendinizi hissetmek daha iyidir, bahar kopyaları daha az hastalanır ve aktif olarak büyür. İniş için bir yer ve toprak seçimi Tui için ideal toprak ıslak ve hafiftir. Kuru ve killi bir toprağa ekilirse, kuruma ve sararma ihtimali yüksektir. Thuya, gölge ve rüzgarı sevmez, aynı zamanda kavurucu güneş ile yalnız kalmaya değmez. En iyi seçenek yeterli ışık ve gölgeye sahip korunaklı bir yerdir. Dikimden önce toprak hazırlığı Dikimden önce, 60 × 60 × 80 cm boyutlarında çukurlar kazın.Yüzey ve ağır ise, küçük taşların, kırık tuğlaların, büyük çakılların veya molozların 20 – 30 cm’lik bir tabakayla drenajı yapılmalıdır. Mazı için besin karışımı toprak, kum ve turbadan oluşur (1: 2: 2). Bitkiyi ilkbaharda veya yazın başında dikerseniz, her çukura 200 g kompleks gübre dökün. Yazın sonunda veya sonbaharda iniyorsanız 250 g süperfosfat ekleyin. Fidan dikimi için kurallar Dikim sırasında thujas arasındaki mesafeyi gözlemlemek çok önemlidir. Mazı “Brabant” fidelerinin 0,5 ila 3 m arasında bir mesafede dağıtılması. En uygun dikim derinliği 60 ila 80 cm arasındadır. Drenaj – 15 – 20 cm. Doğrudan dikim için hazırlık çalışmalarından sonra devam edebilirsiniz. Thuja Brabant’ın kök sistemi, besin karışımına, fidenin boynunun toprağın seviyesinde olacağı şekilde yerleştirilmelidir. Kökleri bir karışımla köklendirin ve hafifçe karıştırın. Bunlar Tui batısı “Brabant” ın genel kuralları. Ama sonbaharda “Brabant” mazı ekmeye karar verirseniz, o zaman yılın bu zamanı için bazı özellikleri bilmelisiniz. - Son başvuru tarihlerini karşılamanız gerekiyor: açık köklü fidanlar “Eylül ayının başından ekim ayına kadar” toprağa ihanet edip, bir kapta büyümüştü – ekim sonuna kadar. - Sonbaharda ekim yaparken, kök büyümesini uyaranlar dışında hiçbir gübreleme yapılmaz. - Kökleri ısıtmak için malç kullanılması tercih edilir. - Genç bir bitkinin tepesini kavurucu güneşten ve donlardan korumak gerekir. Yetiştirme sürecinde mazı “Brabant” için nasıl bakım Mazı bakımı ve yetiştirilmesi bir bahçıvan için en kolay görev değildir. , Gübreleme, malçlama, uygun sulama, budama, gübreleme ve biçme: Bitki güzel ve sağlıklı buydu, sen büyüme sürecinde kendilerine bakmakta kurallarına riayet edilmelidir. Toprağın sulanması, gevşetilmesi ve malçlanması Dikimden sonra bolca her fide dökün. Daha sonra her ağacın ağaç gövdesini 10 cm’lik bir kat ile malçlayın. Malç, toprakta nemi daha uzun süre tutmaya yardımcı olur, aşırı ısınmasına izin vermez, yabani otların yetişmesine izin vermez ve ayrışır, kök sistemini besinlerle besler. Kışın malç, mazı’nın köklerini dondan korur ve toprağın sıkıştırılmasına izin vermez. Malç, turba, iğne yapraklı bitkilerin kabuğu, yaprak humus ve kompost uygun olacaktır. Ekimden sonraki ilk ayda, nem eksikliği, genç sürgünlerin solması ve taçların incelmesi nedeniyle her gün bol su sulanması gerekir. Ayrıca, thuya, toprağın 10-15 cm derinlikte düzenli olarak gevşemesine ihtiyaç duyar. Gübrelerin uygulanması Mazı “Brabant” için gübre bu bitkinin diğer çeşitleri için besleme farklı değildir. Eğer mazı ilkbaharda ya da yaz başında ekilirse, o zaman eylül ayında bitkiyi fosforlu potasyum gübreleri ile beslemeyi düşünmeniz gerekir. Takip eden yıllarda, tojuju, baharın başlangıcında, Kemira-evrensel veya hidro-kompleksin kuru beslenmesiyle beslenir. Prosedür iki hafta sonra tekrarlanır. Sonbaharda, bitkinin fosfor-potasyum karışımları ile gübrelenmesi gerekir. Budama ve kesme Gerekirse, ilkbaharda, bahçıvanlar, Taylandlı, hastalıklı ve hasarlı dalları kaldırıldı. En etkili saç kesimi tuja “Brabant” Haziran ayında olacak. Çekim uzunluğunun 1 / 3’ünden fazlasını kaldırmayın. Peyzaj tasarımında korunma ve kullanım Mazı “Brabant” büyüyen ne kadar hızlı ve çitlerin için uygun olup olmadığı: Acemi bahçıvanlar genellikle acaba? arborvitae Bu çeşitlilik diğerlerine göre çok daha hızlı büyür, bu kentsel koşullara dayanıklı, bu nedenle sık sık peyzaj ve yaşam duvarlarını oluşturmak için kullanılır. Mazı “Brabant” harika ilginç kompozisyonlar oluşturmak için izin selvi, doğu ladin, baldıran Avrupa karaçam, küresel ve açık ardıç, küresel ve oval çam, Mikrobiyota, bağcıklı larches ve birçok diğer bitkiler ile kombine. Peyzaj tasarımında iki tür çit vardır: serbest büyüyen ve kesilmiş. Tui için “Brabant” en iyi bir form için uygundur. Eğer soruyla ilgileniyorsanız: bir hedge için Tayland’ı nasıl keseceğinizi, o zaman yılda iki kez yapmak en iyisidir – Mart ve Ağustos aylarında. Dalların birbirine karışması sayesinde bitkiler yoğun bir duvar oluşturacaklardır. Zararlılarla ve hastalıklarla nasıl baş edilir Mazı batı “Brabant”, tüm bitkiler gibi, onun hastalıklarının bir listesi vardır. Mantar. Kahverengi sürgünler ağaçta göründüğünde teşhis edilebilir. Bu gibi dalları fark ederseniz, mantarın bitkinin sağlıklı bölgelerine yayılmaması için çıkarılması gerekir. Mazı sonraki tedavisi için, ilaç “Fundazol”% 0.2 kullanın. Bitkiyi her iki haftada bir sonbahar ortasına kadar püskürtün. Mantar önlenmesi için, kireçtaşı ağacın köklerine bırakın. Coccidae. Ağacın gövdesinde sarı lekeler görüldüğünde teşhis edilir. Bitki zamanında iyileşmezse lekeler büyür ve mazı ölecektir. İlaçları “Carbophos” veya “Rogor” kullanın. Bitki görünür bir neden olmaksızın sarıya dönmeye başlarsa, kök mantar olabilir. Bu sorunla başa çıkmak için size “Fundazol” yardımcı olacaktır. İki zararlı böcek, tuja için daha az tehlikeli değildir. Touille köstebek parmağı. Minik kelebekler Mayıs ayı başlarında uçmaya başlar. Bu haşere tarafından tayin edilen hasarı teşhis etmek oldukça basittir: yapraklar kahverengileşir ve üst kalıntılar olur. Güve görünümünü önlemek “Tsipermetrinom” ağacının işlenmesine yardımcı olacaktır. Toucan yaprak biti Çok tehlikeli bir böcek. Koyu kahverengi böcek sürgünlerin dibinde yaşar. Zararlıyı yok etmek için “Carbophos” kullanın. Kışlık Tui “Brabant” Bitkiyi kışa hazırlamak için, kordonu sicim ile bağlamak gerekir, bu onu rüzgar ve kardan koruyacaktır. Genç ağaçların koruyucu malzeme ile kaplanması gerekiyor. Bu amaçla uygun lapnik, beyaz dokunmamış sentetik malzeme veya kraft kağıdı. Contents - 1 Tui “Brabant” ın özellikleri ve özellikleri - 2 Satın alırken sağlıklı fide nasıl seçilir - 3 Thuyu “Brabant” nasıl ekilir - 4 Yetiştirme sürecinde mazı “Brabant” için nasıl bakım - 5 Peyzaj tasarımında korunma ve kullanım - 6 Zararlılarla ve hastalıklarla nasıl baş edilir - 7 Kışlık Tui “Brabant” Costco最新季报:营收不及市场预期,未来或提高会员费 作者:Bonnie 公司情报专家《财经涂鸦》消息,5月26日,Costco好市多(COST.US)公布了2023财年第三季度业绩。财报显示,好市多Q3总营收为536.48亿美元,较上年同期的525.96亿美元增长1.9%,但不及市场预期的546.6亿美元。归属于公司的净利润为13.02亿美元,较上年同期的13.53亿美元下降3.8%。 Q3净销售额达到526.04亿美元,较去年同期的516.12亿美元,同比增长了1.9%;会员费达到10.44亿美元,较去年同期的9.84亿美元,同比增长6.1%。 此外,Costco本季度的净收益达到13.0亿美元,较去年同期下降3.7%,摊薄每股收益为2.93美元。去年第三季度净收益为13.5亿美元,摊薄每股收益为3.04美元,其中包括用于增加员工福利的7700万美元非经常性税前费用,摊薄每股0.13美元。2023财年前三个季度的总净收益为41.3亿美元,摊薄每股收益为9.30美元,去年为39.8亿美元,摊薄每股收益为8.94美元。 图片来源:Costco财报 据悉,Costco目前在运营853个仓库,包括在美国和波多黎各的587个,加拿大的107个,墨西哥的40个,日本的32个,英国的29个,韩国的18个,中国台湾的14个,澳大利亚的14个,西班牙的4个,中国大陆的3个,法国的2个,冰岛、新西兰和瑞典各1个。Costco还在美国、加拿大、英国、墨西哥、韩国、中国台湾、日本和澳大利亚经营电子商务网站。 门店业务方面,Costco本季度的同店销售额增长了0.3%,其中美国地区同店销售额下降0.1%;加拿大地区同店销售额下降1.0%;其他国际地区同店销售额增长4.1%。 电商销售额下降10.0%。 Costco首席财务官Richard Galanti在财报电话会议上表示,尽管通胀仍在持续 , 但公司对自己提高会员费的能力感觉良好。他表示,公司认为这样做不会对续订率或注册率产生重大影响。“在某个时候我们会提高会员费。但我们的观点是,我们有足够的杠杆来推动业务发展。”从历史上看,Costco每五到六年就会提高一次会员费,最近三次平均在五年半左右,该公司最近一次提高会员费是在2017年6月。 有分析师评论道,Costco可能正在进入一个低个位数的可比销售增长时期,因为它已超过自疫情开始以来的强劲增长率,而且消费者继续减少可自由支配支出。这将使吸收销售和收购线内的固定成本变得越来越困难,尤其是在工资压力下。但是,关键问题是,通过扩大毛利率,成本是否足以抵消这一点,尤其是在商品和运输成本下降的情况下。看来Costco将推迟会员费的上调,直到通货膨胀进一步放缓和消费者购买力提高。 Vuoi migliorare i tuoi spermatozoi? La notte dovresti dormire nudo (INFOPHOTO) Pubblicato il: 19/10/2015 11:01 Dormire nudi per migliorare la qualità degli spermatozoi . Indossare biancheria intima stretta può infatti danneggiare il seme e diminuire le probabilità di avere un bambino. Chi vuole diventare padre, insomma, dovrebbe mettere via - almeno di notte - biancheria e pantaloni del pigiama e dormire completamente nudo per migliorare le possibilità che la propria partner rimanga incinta. Questo perché una ricerca ha scoperto che gli uomini che indossavano boxer o slip durante il giorno ma erano nudi di notte avevano il 25 per cento in meno di frammentazione del DNA nel loro sperma, rispetto a chi non abbandonava mai questi indumenti intimi durante le 24 ore. La ricerca - effettuata dal 'National Institute of Child Health and Human Development' del Maryland, negli Stati Uniti, assieme alla Stanford University - è stata condotta su più di 500 uomini nell'arco di 12 mesi, monitorando le loro scelte sul tipo di intimo indossato e la conseguenze dell'uso della biancheria sul seme maschile. Secondo quanto riportato dal 'Telegraph', i dati dello studio sono stati presentati al meeting annuale dell''American Society for Reproductive Medicine' che si sta svolgendo a Baltimora e che si concluderà il prossimo 21 ottobre. خانه خصوصی پروژه منطقه bbq فضایی است که امکان پخت و پز در فضای بیرون و اتحاد مجدد خانواده را فراهم می کند. در شیلی ، منطقه bbq معمولاً به دور از خانه واقع شده است ، اما در این پروژه بخشی از خانه است که با استفاده از پنجره های بزرگ تاشو درخشان ، باغ را در آن متحد می کند. چهار فضای ، طبیعت ، استخر ، ناهار خوری و آشپزی در یک طراحی منحصر به فرد با هم متحد شده اند. The Dreadbag - Her dreadhead için bireysel ve adil üretilen Dreadlocks kapağı Dreadlocklarınız var ve bireysel ve oldukça üretilen Dreadlocks şapkasını mı arıyorsunuz - Dreadmütze - Rasta Mütze? Arama sona erdi - Dreadbag geldi! Optik olarak niteliksel olarak Dreadbag size küçük bir fiyata en iyi kaliteyi ve stili sunar. Ve böylece yeni Dreadmütze ürününüzü herhangi bir endişeye kapmadan giyebilirsiniz, Dreadbags ürünlerinin Avrupa'daki adil koşullar altında üretilmesini sağladık. Sonuç olarak, satın alımınıza dahil olan tüm taraflar fayda sağlar. Dreadbagları dikenler bile. Dreadbag'in fikri ve kesimi, Berlin THC aka etiketi ile gelmektedir. Tekstil zanaat kulübü. Uzun yıllar boyunca, THC'nin iki kurucusu, Dreadmütze'nin gelişimi üzerinde çalıştı. Dreadbag son birkaç yılda reggae sahnesinden ve hatta Jamaika, Avustralya ve Kanada'dan bile çok popülerdi, ilk siparişler alındı. Dreadbag, farklı boyutlarda ve iki farklı stilde (şemsiyeli veya şemsiye olmadan) mevcuttur: Kısa süreli korkular için M boyutu (20 cm - 50 cm) Orta ve kısa boy dreads için L boyutu (50 cm - 70 cm) Uzun boydan çok uzun süreye kadar olan korkular için XL boyutu (70'e kadar bir metre uzunluğundaki korkuları tutar) Deniz uzun ve kalın korkular için XXL boyutu (1,2 metre uzunluğundaki korkulardan) XXXL ebadı, son derece uzun ve kalın korkular içindir (1,8 metre uzunluğundaki dehşetlerden) * * İlk bahar 2017 bizden temin edilebilir! Doğru malzemeye bağlı! Kullanılan tüm malzemeler renklidir, yıkanabilir ve güneş altında ağartılamaz! Ayrıca bir yıl sonra Dreadbags'ın şekillerini alacağımızı garanti ederiz. Tüm kumaşlar bizim tarafımızdan, Almanya'da selüloz toptancılığından seçilir. Tarza bağlı olarak dreadbag, keten / kadife / kanvas (pamuk), yün, kenevir veya yukarı kahve poşetlerinden yapılmış ve sloganına göre yapılmıştır: "Sadece kafada tek tek değil, aynı
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the Baltics Ekaterina Zinchenko Abstract: The collapse of the USSR left millions of ethnic Russians outside of the borders of the Russian Federation. IRELAND (updated on 13.09.2004) 1. Legislative provisions concerning nationality. a. Texts in force - Irish Nationality & Citizenship Act, 1956 (the principal Act) - Irish Nationality & Citizenship Act, Photo Stamp of Embassy or Consulate Application for Schengen Visa This application form is free 1. Surname(s) (family name(s)) FOR EMBASSY / CONSULATE USE ONLY 2. Surname(s) at birth (earlier family name(s)) EMPLOYING A CROATIAN NATIONAL IN THE UK What is this leaflet about? This leaflet explains what employers need to do in order to legally employ a Croatian national from 1 July 2013. Issues covered include 1 Unofficial translation LAW OF UKRAINE on Refugees and Persons in need of Сomplementary orтemporary Protection in Ukraine This Law shall determine the procedure for regulation of social relations in the TO ACQUIRE A THAI NATIONALITY According to the Thai Nationality Act (2535 B.E.), it has opened a possibility for a person, born of a father or a mother of Thai nationality, whether within or outside the 1 CITIZENSHIP REGULATIONS, 2001 (LI 1690). ARRANGEMENT OF REGULATIONS Regulation 1. Notification of citizenship of an adopted child 2. Oath of allegiance and adopted child 3. Application for citizenship Pál Péter Tóth Hungarians in the World Due to our dispersion, it is difficult to give an exact answer to the question whether there is a country in the world where no Hungarians live. It is possible that Foreign Ministry archives services of the European Union MEMBER STATES CZECH REPUBLIC 1. Full title of Ministry and of archives service Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic. Archives of the BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA REPUBLIKA SRPSKA Judicial and prosecutorial training center team INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL MATTERS (Practical approach to certain issues which are not regulated by law Council of the European Union Brussels, 13 November 2015 (OR. en) 12527/1/15 REV 1 LIMITE JAI 701 FRONT 202 COMIX 451 NOTE From: Presidency To: Working Party on Frontiers/Mixed Committee (EU-Iceland/Liechtenstein/Norway/Switzerland) European Council Brussels, 2 February 2016 (OR. en) EUCO 4/16 NOTE To: Subject: Delegations Draft Decision of the Heads of State or Government, meeting within the European Council, concerning a New Settlement Annex 1 Primary sources for international standards 1. The United Nations The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 20 1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others Approved by General Assembly resolution 317 (IV) of 2 December 1949 Preamble Entry into force: CONVENTION ON CERTAIN QUESTIONS RELATING TO THE CONFLICT OF NATIONALITY LAWS THE HAGUE - 12 APRIL 1930 CONSIDERING that it is of importance to settle by international agreement questions relating to the SCREENING CHAPTER 23 Country Session: 4.1. THE RIGHT TO VOTE AND STAND FOR EP ELECTIONS Voting in diplomatic missions in Turkey is not prohibited by the Turkish legislation. Foreigners may cast their votes Studying and Working in Germany A brochure on the legal requirements of residence for third-country nationals Studying and Working in Germany A brochure on the legal requirements of residence for third-country EVIDENCE LIST FOR GIVING NOTICE OF MARRIAGE OR CIVIL PARTNERSHIP This document provides a list of the evidence which has been prescribed in regulations to enable a person to give notice of their intention Conseil UE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION Brussels, 25 February 2004 PUBLIC Interinstitutional File: 2002/0242 (CNS) DOCUMT PARTIALLY ACCESSIBLE TO THE PUBLIC 6681/04 LIMITE MIGR 10 OUTCOME OF PROCEEDINGS EUROPEAN COMMISSION Proposal for a Brussels, 24.3.2010 COM(2010) 105 final 2010/0067 (CNS) C7-0315/10 COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) implementing enhanced cooperation in the area of the law applicable to divorce 91[/2012] Act as of 25 January 2012 on Private International Law The Parliament has passed this Act of the Czech Republic: Part One General Provisions 1 Subject Matter This Act stipulates, in relations ROADMAP TOWARDS A VISA-FREE REGIME WITH TURKEY A. The Dialogue Within the broader dialogue and cooperation framework between the EU and its Member States and Turkey in Justice and Home Affairs matters, United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child CRC/C/OPAC/NLD/CO/1 Distr.: General 5 June 2015 ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION Original: English Committee on the Rights of the Child Concluding observations Translation Federal Law Gazette Volume 2004, Part I, No. 41, issued in Bonn on 5 August 2004 Act to Control and Restrict Immigration and to Regulate the Residence and Integration of EU Citizens and Foreigners NB: Unofficial translation Ministry of the Interior, Finland Nationality Act (359/2003) Chapter 1 General provisions Section 1 Scope of application and purpose This Act lays down provisions on the requirements Student Handout #1: A Brief History of Canadian Citizenship Section One: Citizenship The concept of citizenship goes all the way back to ancient Greece. In the Greek city states, citizens were people who United Nations General Assembly Distr.: General 28 February 2012 A/HRC/19/NGO/148 English only Human Rights Council Nineteenth session Agenda item 6 Universal Periodic Review Written statement * submitted THE LAW ON NATIONAL COUNCILS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES I. GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 This law governs the competences of the national minority councils (hereinafter referred to as the national councils) GOLDEN VISA A quick residency guide for investors in real estate in Spain A quick residency guide for investors in real estate in Spain SPANISH GOLDEN VISAS This memo outlines the most relevant legal aspects Permanent residence in Poland for foreigners from countries outside the EU 1 The act on foreigners provides for two forms of permanent residence for foreigners from countries outside the European Union: Migration policy of the Slovak Republic Perspective until the year 2020 The Government of the Slovak Republic Resolution No. 574 as of 31 August 2011 Due to the fact that migration will objectively affect EUROPEAN PARLIAMT 2014-2019 Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection 30.3.2015 2015/2061(INI) DRAFT REPORT on EEA-Switzerland: Obstacles with regard to the full implementation of the internal EUROPEAN UNION THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMT THE COUNCIL Brussels, 7 February 2014 (OR. en) 2010/0210 (COD) PE-CONS 113/13 MIGR 125 SOC 922 CODEC 2518 LEGISLATIVE ACTS AND OTHER INSTRUMTS Subject: DIRECTIVE OF (1 January 2013 to date) SOUTH AFRICAN CITIZENSHIP ACT 88 of 1995 (Gazette no. 16751, Notice No.1547. Commencement date: 6 October 1995) As amended by South African Citizenship Amendment Act 69 of 1997 Minister Shatter presents Presidency priorities in the JHA area to European Parliament 22 nd January 2013 The Minister for Justice, Equality and Defence, Alan Shatter TD, today presented the Irish Presidency 29.6.2004 L 229/35 Corrigendum to Directive 2004/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the right of citizens of the Union and their family members to move and reside freely 1 CITIZENSHIP ACT, 2000 (ACT 591) ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS Section PART I EXISTING CITIZENSHIP; CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH 1. Continuation of existing citizenship 2. Ascertainment of the law applicable to citizenship THE LAW OF THE AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC On Citizenship of the Azerbaijan Republic Section I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1. The Right for Citizenship According to Article 52 of the Constitution of the Azerbaijan The Rights of Parents to Home-school Their Children in Europe Written by Mr J. Sperling, LL.M and Drs. P.J. van Zuidam Spoken by Drs. P.J. van Zuidam at the World Congress of Families V, Forum 2 10 August, ICCS Convention No. 28 Convention on the issue of a certificate of nationality adopted at an Extraordinary General Assembly in Strasbourg on 25 March 1999 signed at Lisbon on 14 September 1999 The signatory The codification of criminal law and current questions of prison matters Kondorosi Ferenc Under Secretary of State Ministry of Justice Hungary Criminal law is the branch of law, in which society s expectations THE GOVERNMENT No. 103/2006/ND - CP THE SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence Freedom Happiness ------------------------------ DECREE Hanoi, September 22, 2006 Making detailed provisions and providing COUNTRY UPDATE 2007 FOR FRENCH RED CROSS 1. Figures and facts about asylum Main countries of origin of asylum seekers year 2007 Place Country Number of asylum applicants 1 Serbia 2.250 2 Turkey 2.039 3 CARIM East Consortium for Applied Research on International Migration Co-financed by the European Union Policy on Migration and Diasporas in Georgia Natia Chelidze CARIM-East Explanatory Note 12/33 Socio-Political Gyöngyvér Demény Integration of refugees in Hungary * Introduction The year 1989 saw the beginning of the development of legal norms in Hungary concerning the situation of refugees, including those norms Consolidation Act No. 863 of June 25 th 2013 Aliens (Consolidation) Act 1) The following is a consolidation of the Aliens Act, see Consolidation Act No. 984 of 2 October 2012 with the amendments following ICCS Convention No. 20 Convention on the issue of a certificate of legal capacity to marry signed at Munich on 5 September 1980 The signatory States to this Convention, members of the International Commission Consolidation Act No. 808 of 8 July 2008 Aliens (Consolidation) Act The following is a consolidation of the Aliens Act, cf. Consolidation Act No. 1044 of 6 August 2007, with the amendments following from 1 STAY 1.1 EC long-term residence permit 56. What is the EC residence permit? It is a document that authorizes your residence in Italy for an open-ended/indefinite period. 57. What requirements must be HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE INTERNATIONAL OLIVE COUNCIL HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE KINGDOM OF SPAIN AND THE INTERNATIONAL OLIVE COUNCIL HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT BETWEEN Council of the European Union Brussels, 28 April 2015 (OR. en) 7107/15 Interinstitutional File: 2015/0049 (NLE) VISA 85 COLAC 20 LEGISLATIVE ACTS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS Subject: Agreement between the European EASO SPECIAL SUPPORT PLAN TO CYPRUS Luxembourg, 05 June 2014 1 Hereby the Executive Director of EASO and the Minister of Interior of Cyprus agree on the EASO Special Support Plan for the provision of technical [Unofficial English translation] Webpage, 111220009, 20/12/2011 Registration Code 010170000.05.001.016513 Law of Georgia on Refugee and Humanitarian Status This law is based on the Constitution of Georgia, United Kingdom Permanent Residence Entitlement 1 United Kingdom Permanent Residence Entitlement 1. Decisions on ordinary residence are a matter for the relevant NHS trust/foundation trust but in deciding At least once a week, I am asked by one of my HIV-infected patients whether they need to continue to practice safe sex if they are in a monogamous (one mate only) relationship with an HIV-infected partner. Put another way, since both partners already have HIV, what's the harm of unprotected sex? Actually, this is not an easy question to answer fully. My belief, however, is that the best approach is to provide as much information as possible; emphasizing what is known versus what is uncertain. Such a complete disclosure is the only way I can remain credible while allowing the patient to make a fully informed decision. My response to this question generally begins by telling the patient what is known about the risks of unsafe (unprotected) sex between HIV-infected partners. First of all, we know that in this situation, the spread of other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and herpes remains a risk, as usual. What's more, these so-called traditional STDs are well known to be associated with serious complications. Both gonorrhea and chlamydia initially can cause infections of the urethra (urethritis) and anus, or rectum (proctitis). Subsequently, these infections can progress to serious complications in these areas and even spread to other parts of the body. In addition, in women, gonorrhea and chlamydia are associated with increased risks of infertility and ectopic pregnancy, which at times can be life-threatening. (An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus; for example, in the tubes.) Viewed from another perspective, however, in a monogamous relationship between HIV-infected partners, with good diagnostic screening, the problems of gonorrhea and chlamydia are usually not insurmountable. Thus, when diagnosed, these diseases are generally curable. The same holds true for syphilis, except that it can be difficult to treat. Finally, herpes disease, although manageable, is never cured, and once acquired, results in life-long infection. Other sexually transmitted infections can cause serious diseases that may be difficult or impossible to cure. For example, hepatitis B and C both can be transmitted sexually and may be difficult to cure. Remember, however, that hepatitis B is preventable by vaccination. While hepatitis C is more frequently spread by exposure to blood (for example, during intravenous drug abuse), transmission can occur from sexual exposure. Moreover, when hepatitis C infection occurs, about 85% of cases result in a chronic (long duration) infection that may be difficult to treat and can lead to liver failure and/or liver cancer. The human papilloma virus (HPV) is also sexually transmitted and cannot be eliminated. It is associated with cervical cancer in women and anal cancer in both men and women. Additionally, HPV is associated with an even greater frequency of these cancers in individuals co-infected by HIV. The human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) has been strongly linked to Kaposi's sarcoma (a skin cancer in patients with HIV disease). Therefore, HHV-8 is clearly an infection worth avoiding if at all possible. However, it is not known just how the spread of HHV-8 occurs and how it can be prevented. It may very well be transmitted sexually. At this time, however, there is no readily available way of determining whether an individual is infected with this virus. Another concern that frequently arises during our discussions on the risks of unsafe sex between HIV-infected partners is the possibility of acquiring another strain of HIV, in particular one that might be more aggressive (virulent) or perhaps one that is resistant to antiretroviral drugs. While this possibility often is the greatest worry among the patients, we unfortunately have limited information regarding the actual risk. I always inform my HIV patients that we are on firm ground regarding our understanding of the risks of acquiring the traditional STDs, hepatitis B, HPV, and probably hepatitis C. The data are less clear for HHV-8 and regarding the possibility of HIV super-infection (infection by another strain of HIV on top of the one the person already has). It is worth noting that there have been increasing reports of cases of suspected superinfection. Although the data remains limited it suggests that when superinfection occurs it may be associated with CD4 decline and possible disease progression. Based upon this emerging data I believe it is important for people to be aware of this potential risk while this area of research continues to evolve. In summary, individuals need to know the currently available facts regarding the risks of unsafe sex between HIV-infected partners. If they choose to assume the known and potential risks, they should be screened for the sexually transmitted diseases and treated when possible. Finally, the clinicians and patients must maintain an open dialogue regarding evolving issues and new information as it becomes available. Although one of the greatest challenges in HIV medicine is dealing with uncertainty, honest and open discussions between patients and their healthcare providers are always the best place to
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